NON . ALEXANDER H. STEPHENS, "before the ' GENERAL ASSEMBLY CD the ST ADD OR GEORGIA, 22nd . February, 1866. Bought on, Nisbet , Barnes Moore, State Printers Milleageville, Ga . 1866 - AO y BO cJestnThill. mass. Milledgeville was at that tine the capital of Georg 1 ADDRESS of HON. ALEXANDER H. STEPHENS, Before the General Assembly of the State of Georgia, Feb. 21,, lduo. Gentlemen of the Senate and House of Representatives: I appear before you in answer to your call. This call, coming in the imposing fprm it does, ana unaer the circumstances it does, requires a response from me. You have assigned to me a very high, a very honorable , ana responsible position. Thi s position you Know I did not seeK.Most willingly would I have avoided it; ana nothing but an extraordinary sense of duty could have inaucea me to yiela my own disinclinations ana aversions to your wishes and judgment in the matter. For this unusual manifestation of esteem and confidence, I return you my profounaest acKnowleage- ments of gratitude. Of one thing only can I give you my assur- ance, and that is if I shall be permitted to> discharge the trusts thereby imposed, they will be discharged with a singleness of af purpose to the public good. Xsiixiixx^-i^xjifxewsxxKxiiFiKXBxiJsixx^The great object with me no(^ is to see a restoration, if possible, of peace ,prosperi y, ana Constitu- tional liberty in this once happy, but now ai sturbea , agitated , and dis- tracted country. To this end, all my energies and efforts to the extent of their powers, will be devoted. You asK my views on the existing state of affairs; our duties at the present;and the prospects of the future?This is a tasx from which , unaer other circumstances, I might very well shrinx. He who ventures to spe&K,and to give counsel and f^vice in times of peril, or disaster, assumes no enviable position. Far be that rashness from me v/hich sometimes prompts the forward to rush in «H •.. , . 'V . ' .1 '^S & A ■ * «•*.<• • ^ . • • », , .? , . . & »v. •.«.• •”* . f . >' •• 4 ' T*. •< v i ■ ' •• 5 . . ; . / . • • ..... ,, s O :Cj. t ..o .d^’" ; U.-.'IC; S t< . ’ ti.: .? IC icf*:? #£': P,P>ij 0^ J : ■Cic'?«k ' •• i:« 2 Q r ... * ;, i .'• • -T v ♦-if * . 'V '• *••'•• ' Ji'-'v t t . r- s • •- - • py »uv', u, /-w- ; ... ... ; Hfi Vi • IwB 3 1 :.. ' •• ; : : . . . * • ;o •: . , ' . - - ' ’ 1 1 : : c ., $*lii ■■ 3 $ ' ; a v .' , 3 x . ; ' : t f 1; • '.-x-i X 5 ti r : & i ... . ■ • - -• ,-::ss ti ' : '• ' - a/ 3 -• 1 o J OV*-. 0 VS'.i J; (. V .ST! 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Tr re sport ing, therel ore , 'briefly to your enquiries, I Teel, I trust, the full vu i : t pna magnitude ox the subject. It involves the welfare ol million now living, a na that of many more Millions ho ere to come e t r us. I am also fully impressed with the conscionsness ot. the inconceivably smell effect of what I shell say, ' r on upon the momentous results involved in the subject itself. It is v/i til these feelings, I offer my mite of counsel a t v our rec ue stand in the outset of the under t a.Ki ng , i .1 to <.• ~ it is intended to be, to & few general ideas only well ma j I i ... . , imitate an illustnous example in invoking aid X rom on r.ign; ’’that I may say nothing on this occasion hich may compromit the rights, the honor, the dignity, or best interests oi my country." I mean specially the rights, honor, dignity, ana best interests of the people ol Georgia, /itd t leir sufferings, their losses, their mi sf ortunes, their bereavement s , and their present utter prostration, my heart is in deepest sympathy . "Je have reached that point in our affairs,; ' hhich the great question before us is -- *To be or not to be?’ -- ana if to be: How? Hppe,ever springing in the human breast, prompts, even under the greatest calamities apd adversities, never to despair. Adversity is a severe school, a terrible crucible; both for individuals and communities. 'e are now in this school, this crucible, and should bear Khinix mind that it is neve negative in its action. It is always positive. It is ever decided in its effects one way . or- the other. It either makes better or worse. It either brings out unknown vices, or arouses dorTna.nt virtues. In morals, its tendency is to mQ-Ke -saint s or reprobates -- in politics to make heroes or desperadoes. ,1 ' ' T % . ........ f * IfL - ** l ,X^-t I ,a i" i ;•;••• to icc .. c * vi t *iirf .tc :3-3'tI-v; ,r| oevlcvrrx t: ..t‘)-,Kr r , ,. nv 9 ; t )t , ri 3f 0 c 5 ‘ socilJUn T-c vrt ;ra e Farit on t,- i.c - i.[ c .i . ' ' ■ G I ' i : i ■_ > . i 0$. ■ Q* : • " ' ,. : . , . . ... , *** l - c:£t e ' r ’^ XI ^ R I J*rtw y t J,,-, r r , :M; , ^vi^oncorti ." r ^ i lo [,(iVh adi fix Gevlevni at clar.-c- ■ '. IDC'WCO 'tc ©Jim -isrtc I # »ini.Csd a,;©.;* ; * jv i tj - i . 1 1 X , riiv erft ‘ c JeeJuc • / r f u o (v-Jaeroe-i nov V '’ :J ' lc * '■ o 1 s C.t/acf c * b9mxija.r*ri ix ■ i- v ■ ! ^ ' > 1/ . , -X • r, r c - A ' oirf "^isrooc Hi * nr jjnxr' Jon -- v x ; 'u ^391: Hi r.T-J .0 t xrirj; r u . : t t -cncl' 9iV f rl:-^i ) ”'■' * x « cnc: t ‘ t ’i ? * ’'II •.io' a&en t " . ^ ‘ai'co < ‘ * . aisx-j-. paS'S rrtonsv toiecf ixsi'J ,n»nj .tic 'is <**+ t * e -3vc F. ixexfi • V- ias .eHo ni . i JiaoiJ ... i , no r I n is c *io x s + n jfi^eeio r ! ti ■ I : 'I tt- oi laic * UtS .J9/f 0 131 &vsif 9V' •U - * vet Ci ion u etf c- - ex u sicUcf rtc Mao,- , * ■ * ' ‘- ’ C ' . • - • ; mg' ( V ni f -*••'■ * on t ri&r*l*;frIso ia-t-e-.r erfi vp > n • nave * 01 : ‘ J; ‘ 9 - ' •” t ’« « Cf'03 0-t9V0.= 9 RX VJiftTeVbA 2iJ ^ lii ,vc ‘ : 2 ' lfJ 9 ’" .ssiiiili. c o on 9 sX-uofvionx id ifjr^ ‘ &v9 ' 1 :i j ’ un ^ Iir ^ni^-xonri olrci'a ^ ^icfioxio eirft ,lc oxioa ' 10Vi) a£ * z * viii80 'l "V3 wI* 3 p.i XI .nciio* - • i ni eviJ^en 3 " i: ' iB ^ ‘-c \svv 9 rtc elod^n sii ni osoiiso 5e " L; ° ld 1 « aeo-i v \wc ujtnx >cc R^nl ^Ois i .oa-,c / ic to Usd 1C nJlUd: cj 3i «° aJx,Pl. ric , it I .28XM1XV Jnarnco ^CCO-Tiacaeo • . H9C191: C ♦ SDfiilc- IX - - a 6 ‘.'i'c- S1 The first inc. icrtlo.u of its w jr icing Tar b joa, to w.nch hope Iooks anxiously, is the manif esta ti on ;of a full consci our-ness of its nature -and extent, and the most promising grounds of hope for possible good from our present troubles, or of things with us getting better instead of worse, is the evident general realization on the part of our people, of their present situation: of the evils now upon them, and of the greater ones still impending. These it is not my purpose. to exaggerate if I could; that would be useless; nor to lessen or extenuate ; that would be worse than useless. All fully understand snc realise them. They feel them. It is well they do. Can these evils upon us -- the absence of law; the want of protection and security of person ana property, without which civilization cannot advance -- be removed? or can those greeter ones which threaten our very political existence, be averted? Twese are the questions. It is true we have not the control of all the remedies, even if these questions could be satisfactorily answered. Our gortunes ana destinjxs are not entirely in our own hand s'. Yet there are some things that we may, and can, and ought, in my judgment to do; from which no harm ca.n cone; and from which some good may foll-pw, in bettering our present condition. States ana communities, as well as individuals, when they have done the best they can in view of surrounding circumstances, with all the lights they have before them -- let results be what they may -- can at least enjoy the consolation -- no small recompense that -- of having performed their duty, and having a conscience void of offence before Goa and man. This, if no more valuable result , will, I trust, attend the doing of what I propose. The first great duty, then, I would enjoin at this time, is ; . A cf- x. r >.;vi c , /U j ; . ii m iv t ic .ici-i ; o i - i'l • rfV a a *v ' . ! c io° ico .1 • 'i :■ c ac J: I •" :i t j • i , I- c * t ••;:.( cl ©CC "C : j).’. > CM' . ■ f •••') ‘ Mrt a * j 'c ii) 1 i iw ; ii I c 'ic t v . Uv.'Fi- ' c C'i n ;/(. c ' X 'is; c : 'id , ic 1 i ’ ' mc '*• vii i ' ' t :n c:.Vit;fij .trtcssM/i uierl-t 'ic , ©X^cs'i 1 ~. rr 'U iia'r */'•• ac ,T.niU. to I X i * M : 9 ;XC. 19. t '91 . 9fTJ ic Ort !©I'i ii C J>. V.CM s r ivo ■ ■ X c -j ; ■ - t , cqrvq fpi ■<. i ai ft piptff .*:il '■ 99 1C *'* J X L c. V* ; k '19 -CO 1C •’! J C ' MO a : B M a r M > ©Cf . : • J is /• v _ I CA * . c -j X- J XXsw ai I I Joe, c X ; :L li o mmd ; J -- a c live a-rsojii imO Md ii' , -.Ji- -c-i'-i m : ficsia , r tc ili/or - Tt • ic i toc.tc zq ,> c 1 3 t .5 ■. i ucjii nao ic ?XK vc iqi o- r -- oa .v. • it. mo nci. ssiliv io i . spciiaeap orM bis: aaa/ , 39 i k©P; - 9 iiJ XI -'C CM * IC 0 9 I -t ( - V .rf 9 W r-flj ■'! II < 019X1 1 isX. ortsi: nwc mi c \i mCc-m i ins Jen. 9 m-*, wF'rJaa.o art--, senoiicS iaoi'.joct \pi 'ii c ntc^n-io v™ sw f*5r\t a^arr'i 9r?Of5 sis -am oc: area rfoiifv. no i'l .a ;;m‘c > tt»;o Pi>-rf c.-xt ifoiif / mc m" ;c*> ci t 9 oi I iiu kimc o •. ■ . . . i| ••..co • Mi., c 8 1 x 1 © I ..‘ s cf ai ,o-c X X t "t 1 ; i . co ov&fl taxioi •: ..V'ii; \,oxii axr.iiiiX or ! ) -Is ifiiv* .aooasis; roixo 3 x 1 xantc mu 3 Ic weiv Xc£, u; ieasl J 11 a 0 -- v-: ? i ;rfw ecf ailcaai iol -- nsrtt eiciJop -- I'l/'M ©B rtfiMjitfc 0 3 M [ X rjrrp c 1 -- at i )Xc Ot. ;. eic'isd aottol'ic Ic oxcv po loioaaco ; saxv i: { cc.vi xo Tier' I onotis ,iauiJ I , X I xw , t X»ja ot oXcFojjIsv 9 *icrr cn "x,aif" .ner m.~ . eacq cto r isriw 'ic r=nic i ai,oxriJ axxft t -i nic^ae olucv- I ,i!c: 4 ,V |D iacc . ipii” j" 4 the exercise of the simp 1 , though difficult b try irig ,but neverthe^ less indispensable quality of patience. Patience requires of tnosar afflicted to* bear and suffer with fortitude whatever ills nay befall them. This is often, and especially is it the case with i*s now, essential for their ultimate removal by any instrumentalities whatever .7e are in the condition of a man with a uislocatea limb, or a broken leg,anu a very bad compound fracture at that. How it became br OKeh should not be with him a question of so much import- ance, as how it can be restored to health, vigor ana strength. This requires of him as the highest ciuty to himself, to wait quietly ana pa.t iently in splints ana bandages, until natufe resumes her active powers -- until the vital functions perform their office. The Knitting of the bones ana the granulation of the flesh requires time .Perfect quiet ana repose even under the severest pain, is necessary.lt will not do to maKe too great haste to get well. An attempt to walls too soon will only rar ice the rca tter worse. 7/e must or ought now, therefore , in a similar manner to discipline ourselves to the same or liKe degree of patience. I Know the anxiety ana restlessness of the popular mind to be fully on our feet again -- to walK abroad as we once dia-- to enjoy once more the free outdoor air of Heaven, with the perfect use of all our limbs. I Know how trying it is to be denied represen- tation in Congress, while we paying our proportion of the taxes -- how annoying it is to be even partially under military rute -- and how injurious itis to the general interest and business of the country to be without Post Offices and mail conmunica t i ons ; to say nothing of divers other matters on the long list of our present inconveniences and privat i ons . All these, however, we must patiently bear and endure for a season. With quiet and repose we may get well-- may get once more on our feet again. One thing is certain, that bad humor, ill temper, exhibited either in restlessness or grumbling, -vill not hasten it. Ji9vtn tud ^-ni^nt . tXjxoilliJ xf^Lscifi ,-Iqriia exit 1c eaio-:-3X9 sdt Be c xit 1c a&iijjpe*! 90113 it.G <3. .eonsiln :c \3 iXsifp elrlesnara idni aesl v : £n p.LLi n&vet.tffv; sDJ'titncI dtiw i9l1ue dns *1390 Sc + osJoilllp • . 9 a 30 erf t t i ai yl X si : 09 ■ . ' . as it iXstnorcuniani \.ns \,c- r X evens'! 9t >jni tlii n is xit nc' I/3ii naaas « won , duiil 09 1 30c Xaio > xitiw non *3 1c ncitionco exit ai 91 .B 9 V.n 9 v 9 J. 9 xfw \ 3 i vicV . 3 »3f r i t-3 snutosal oajjcqnco osna a sona inbvnconi --XX 9 w tsp, ybct by/ oacq9n mis t 9 iup dtiV , nesasa s nol enubns dns nsacf 03d t exit , a is t nao si ^nidt ©nO.niBgs 3 e 91 noc nc snem eonc 1 93 yam ,SaiIcfflujn 3 nc as9nsR9Xt89n ni n9dti9 ostididxs ,n9qri9t IXx^nGnuxf .ti nstafid ten Xliw 5 . Next to this, another great duty we owe to ourselves is the exercise of a liberal spirit of forbearance amongst ourselves. The first step towards local or general harmony, is the banishment from our breasts of every feeling ana sentiment calculated to stir the discords of the past. Nothing could be more injurious or nischievous to the future of this country, than the agitation at present, of questions that divided the people anterior to, or during the existence of the late war. On no occasion, and especially in the bestowment of office, ought such differences of opinion in the past, ever to be mentioned, either for or against any one, otherwise equally entitled to confidence. These ideas or sentiments of other times and circumstances, are not the germs from which hopeful organization can now ariee. Let all differences of opini on, touching errors, or supposed errors, of the head or heart, on the part of any, in the past, growing out of these matters, be at once, in the deep ocean of oblivion, forever buried. Let there be no criminations or re-criminations on account of acts of other days. No canvassing of past conduct or motives. Great disasters are upon us and upon the whole country, ano without enquiring how these originated, or at whose door the fault should be laid, let us now as common sharers of common misfortunes, on all occasions, consult only as to the best means, under the circumstances as we find them, to secure the best ends towards amelioration. Good Government is what we want. This should be the leading desire and the control! 1) ing object with alljand I need not assure you, if this can be obtainea, that our desolated fields, our towns and villages, and cities now in ruins, will soon -- lixe the Phoenix -- rise again from their ashes; and all our waste places .ill again, at no distant day, blossom as the rose. This view should also be borne in mind, that whatever differences e Sit* a i 69VX981L'C C X 9WC 9W vXub X8913 19/fX 0 CIS 1 8 iff* 1 cX XX 9 tf * 3 9 v£ 93 *xij o Xeanoms 9 0 fiBiB 9 tf*icX Xc Xiii ca Isiecfxl js Xc ©e jroiexo srf* a -i , ic mierf Isi©n©3 10 lead soiewoX q eJa Xeiil 9i r T oe Xeluolso X neaii Xciee dub ^nilssX yisv© Xc aXa£©icf me n ciX XneBtria iaecf 3 XJCimj(,ni si cm ad bluco snixiXoH «Xasq aril Xc aoicoaib ertJ iij a C X 9 iiX nerU jY'iXauoo airfX Xc 9 iL'XjjX ©rfX cX aucvs ir'oe in 10 icii 9 Xa 5 9 1 qc 9 q 9 rfX 09 DIVI - ) X sxiX anoiXaeup Xc,Xnea 9 iq X 8 xic iXsX i*-,e i>ai 3 t ncissooc cn nO .lew 9X8! ©x'X Xc 9 on 9 XaiX 9 9x(X sniioo ic t cX Xc 89 oaei 9 XXio rioua XxIsdo « ©oiXXg Xc Xtt©mwoX 8 ©cf ©xiX ni vXXBiosqaa Xaniss .8 10 icX lexiX 19 ^Dsncixnem acf cX i©v©,X3eq sxiX ni nciniqc ic 8 8901 ©aexlT . sonsoiXaco OX 09 XXIX 89 ^XlBJjp© osiwisxiXc , 9nc mciX 3 X 31 &V 9 x*X Xcn 918 , a 9 oneX enuoi i o One asrriX isxiXc Xc 3Xfi9niiXne3 Xc 390 fi 9 i 9 XliO lie XoX . 98 X 18 wen nso nciXBsine^ic IcXsqoxf rfoixXw t Xis 9 X* ic 0Bsxi ©xiX Xc ,310119 neaoqqus 10,8*10119 jjfiirloocX ,nc iniqc J& sd , 8 1 9 X X an 98 ©xiX Xc Xxic sn iwoijj , XeBq 9 xix ni,vti.s Xc Xieq 9X^X no ed sieriX X 9 lI .oeiujcf igvsicX , xxc. ivilcfc Xc ne©oc q99b 9r(X ni,©ono .a\; 8 D isriXc Xc aXoe Xc Xhjjgoob no enc iXBnimiio- 9 i ic enoiXjsrtimiio on noqo 91B 819 X 3 83 io X eair . a©viXom ic Xoubnoo Xeeq Xc ^riisaBvnBO cH 939 X 1 X worf aaiiiDpn 9 Xuci'Xciw dob f \;iXnuco 9lorfw exiX ncqc* one su wen so Xsl ,oi iL ©d olLoxfe XIjjbX ©rfX loco ©acriw Xb ic ,D9XBni3iic XlD 8 nco f anoisBooo IIs nc ,e©nD*XioXa im nenmeo Xc aieierfa ricmnioo as ,m 9 xiX DniX 9 W a 8 ssonsXanwoi io ©rfX labnu ,aasem X«9cf arid cX sb ^Ino ax Xn 9 rini©vc 0 occ£) .nciX 8 icil 9 mB ebie wcX 30119 Xs9cf srfx 910093 cX ani (I )IoiXnco ©rfX on ? 911390 gniDBs! ©rfX ocf Dlxxcxfe aix*? .Xnsw ew Xsx^v; ,D 9 n.tBXdc so' nso eixlX Xi ,dcy s'jueaB Xon been I bxiB ; II b rfXiw X09[,cfc wen aeiXio ono ,89^sIIiv ons anv/oX iuc f 3 Dl 9 iX D9 XbIos9d idc XbxIX ixsriX mciX ninjjB 9 eii -- xinsexfq sxfX axil -- nccs Iliw t aniDi ni t T 4B0 XnBXaii) cn Xb ,ni83B Hi seoslq qXsbw iu.o He OnsjeexieB • 9 3 c 1 oxiX 8B mcaaclcf 89 onsi 9 XXiD isvoXbxXw XexfX^Dnim ni 9nicrf 9cf calB olocxia W9iv a xrlT of opinion existed before the late fury of the war, they sprung mainly from differences as to the best meand to be used, and the best lines of policy to be pursued, to secure the great controlling object of all -- which was gOQD GOVERNMENT. Whatever may be said of the loyalty or disloyalty of any, in the late most lamentable conflict of arms, I thinx I may venture safely to say, that there was, on the part of the great mass of the people of Georgia, and of the entire South, no di sloyalty to the principles of the Constitution of the United States. To that system of rep- resentative Government; of delegated abd limited power; that establi shment in a new phase, on this continent, of all the essentials of England’s Magna Charta . for the protection and security of life, liberty and property; with the additional recognition of the prin- ciple as a fundamental truth, that all political power resides in the people, with us it was simply a question as to where our allegiance was due in the maintenance of these principles -- which authority was paramount in the last resort -- States or Federal. As for myself, I can affirm t hat no sentiment of disloyalty to these great principles of self government , recogni zed and embodied in the Constitution of the United States, ever beat or throbbed in breast or heart of mine. To their maintenance my whole soul was ever enlisted, ana to this end my whole life has heretofore been aevotea, ana will continue to be the rest of my aa.ys -- Goa willing. In devotion to these principles,! yield to no man living. This much I can say for myself; May I not say the same for you ana for the great mass of the people of Georgia, and for the great mass of the people of the entire South? Whatever differences existed amongst us, arose from differences as to the best and surest means of securing tnese great ends, which was the object of all. It was with this view ana this purpose Secession was tried. That has failed. Instead of bettering our condition, instead of establishing our liberties Snuaqe ^9rii ,-i.ew axil 1o ^Ti/l si si ©rll aacIscT r>9laxx9 ncinicc 1c sxll dns t osao scT ol arisen Isscf Qii) ol as a 90 n 9 a 9 ll.it) meal Y^Inism jgnxIlGilnoo la 9T3 sift ©it 098 cl , D9ueax;q ad' c ) \oilc q 1c asnxl lascf 9cf 'leveJ.arTi" . 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Isaacs'! ac aslsia -- laoasa Iasi sxll ai Inucmsasq bbw slqxonxaq issag ©89x11 cl YlIsYoIexo 1c Inexn xla9a on Isxi 1 maxlls a.so I 1c nc i lul xlancO axil ax oeiocdras ons O9sxn^co9a f Irismuasvc^ 1l98-1c . snxra 1c lassxi ac laseacf ai D9ddcanl ac isgcT a9V9 t 8s»IsI8 belxnU 9x11 cl oris ,09l8i:In9 asvs asw Inoa slc/lw y® eonsnelnxsm ax9xl1 oT ons ,o9lcveo nssd 9ao1c1&a9xl asxl 9lxl 9 loxlw yhi dn9 axxll ncxlcv90 nl .jnxllxw ooO -- aY«x> \fn 1 c 1ss*i 9x 11 9cf cl 9i/nx1nco IIxw nso I doom axxiT .^nxvxl asm on cl oIsxy I t e9lqxonxaq 98 9x11 cl 1jS9ajs sxil acl ons ugy id 9ffls3 9x11 ys® 1 cfl I \sM ;1l93Yni ^cl y« 8 9lqc9q 9x11 1c sasm Isaa^, 9X:1 acl ons t sx^ac90 1c 9lqc9q 9x11 1c eesxa 98cas # ao la^ncms oolaxxs ssonaaallxd asvslsxT ?xf1oc8 9ax1n9 sxll 1c 9891,1 ‘^nxaooea 1c atis9m leaiue ons lascf 9x11 cl as aaonsasllxo meat ons v/exv axxll xllxw esw II .IIs 1c 109t,do exll asw xloixlw,aon9 Issa^ 1c Us9lanl .D9lxs1 a sxl isxlT .£>9xa1 ssw ncis89098 9acqaoq sin r 1 agxiagdxl auc gnxxla xldsl89 1c Dselenx t ncx1xt)nco aoc s n ca9ll9cf 7 upon a surer f ounaation, we have, in the war that issued, come well nigh losing the whole of the rich inheritance with which we set out. This is one of the saa realizations of the present. In this too, we are but illustrating the teachings of history. Wars, and civil wars especially, always menace liberty; they seldom advance it; while they usually end in its entire overthrow and destruction. Ours stopped jmst short of such a catastrophe. Our only alternative now is, either to give up all hope of Constitutional liberty, or to retrace our steps, and to loox for its vindication and maintenance in the forums of reason and just ice , instead of on the arena of arms -- in the Courts and halls of Legislation, instead of on the lielcs oi battle. I am frame and candid in telling you right here, that our surest hopes, in my judgment, of these ends, are in the restoration policy of the President of the United States. I have little hope for liberty -- little hope for the success of the great American experiment of self-government -- but in the success of the present efforts for the restoration of the States to their former practical relations in a Eoramon government, under the Constitution of the United States. We are not without an encouraging example on this line in the history of the mother country -- in the history of our ancestors -- from whom we derived, in great measure, the principles to which we are so much devoted. The truest friends of liberty in England once, in 1642, abandoned the forum of reason, ana appealed, as we did, to the sword, as the surest means, in their judgment, of advancing their cause. This was after they had made great progress, under the lead of CoKe , Hampden , Falkland and others, in the advancement of liberal principles. Many usurpations had been checxed; many of the prerogatives of the Crown had been curtailed; the Petition of Right V I.Cs'.\ ginoo t fi 8 uea i x snX isw 9 iiX ui , 9 V«rf 9 W,rici J.eonucl lensa 8 noqu .Ji;c J S 3 9 w xioinw rtiv- son sXiigrini noil orfi 1 c gXcrfw oxIX sniaoX ft; in aii.J nl .Xnsasxq erfx ?c enc iXssi I591 osb 9ifX ?c scic a i a iff? oris ,aisv; . \/ioXa irf 1c asnhroasi erfX aniXsiXauXIi Xlo sib ew t ccX , ii 9 o n.s \ o.s me fiX 93 -; 9 fi X ; \3 iscfiX sonfien avswXs t vXXsi ooqK 9 a*iav» Xivio milQ .nciJOLiXaeo dob wcixfXi 9 Vo 9 iiXti 9 aii nx fins vXXjbxjsii ver.fi sXiffw wow 9vx. Biii 9 jXe YXiic ujO .sxfqciXasX o s fious ic Xicxla leal fieqqcXa 90 aiXoi ex ic , vXisriil Ijsnc iXnXiXanoO 1c sqcxf XX i qn avia cX isrixis t a i siiS fii son jno ini sm ons noiXsoioniv sXi ic't accX cX sns^sqeXa mo m -- SATIS tc SHOTS 9JfX QC !c V-3 9 X 3 H f , 9 O L 3 Sf r l DHS 1103891 lc afWICl • oXXisd IC s uisi x si. J nc to os9Xeni t nc i X sXa I 39 j lc aXXsrf fins aXmcO sn'X IOC X &ri X , 9iarf Xrij-.ii ucx aniXXsX ui fiifinso ons xnsil ms I nciXsicXasi 9rfX ni 9is t 3fiu9 sbsxI lc ,Xn9msfiL't XT ri± , 89 rorf Xasins icl 9qorf sXXXiX evsrl I^asXsXS fisXinll srfX lo Irtsoraei^ s/^X ^fiiXcq nsoiismA Xs9is sriX lc aa sous 9riX icl eqorf 9 XXX 1 X -- ^Xi 9 cfiX ;389iq 9iiX lo a as • i ii tuQ -- Xnorrrnisvca-lX9a to Xnsraiiaqxs XaoiXosiq ionic! liefiX oX aoXsXci 9rfX lo nciXsicXasi 9 fiX icl aXiclls siiX to nc iXfiJiXatioO 9 r 'X ison*j , Xn9mni9vc3’ nonanes 3 ni ancitsX 9 i . asXsXP fieXinlJ sriX ii anil a irJX no alqnsxs ani^sincons ns XuorfXiw ion 91 s 9 V -- eioXseons me 1c vtcXeif' sr(X ni -- xiSnuos isrfXor' 9rix 1c V^cXairf 9w xfoirfw cX asXqioniiq on t t 9ines9m X 5913 ni,fi8vxi9fi 9w mcrfw raci! fiiisX^n. ni qXiediX 1c 8fin9iil XsoniX 9xfT . fi9Xovafi noun 03 91s t fiifi ew as,i)9Xs9qqs fins f noRsoi 1c muiol or t figncnnscfs f r;£dX ni t sono On ions vos 1c t Xn9rasou(, ii9fiX ni ,ane9n Xesiua 9rfX 9s t fiiowe 9/fX cX 9riX 1 9 fin u .aasisoiq Xs9is 9fism barf ^9- r fX i9Xls eaw airf? .oaoso lisrfX 1c Xn9!i9onsvos 9ri; ni t ai9f{Xc fin,-. biisXxiXs? , n9fiqrrsH’, 93160 1c fisaX snX lo ^nsm jfiaxosrio ns^cf fisii sno i Xsqiusu \rus~ . .asXqioniiq Xsi9cfiX Xri^iH 1c nciXiX9 : I 9xft ;09 XxsXiijo n99cf osrf nwoiO 9fiX 1c asviX.ssoi9iq r 3 haa been sanctioned; Ship-money had been abandoned ; Cour ts-Liar tial haa been aone away with; Habeas Corpus had been re-established; High Courts of Commission and Star-Chamber had been abolished; mtny other great abuses of power had been corrected, ana other reforms established. But not satisfied with these, and not satisfied with the peaceful wonting of reason, to go on in its natural sphere, the denial of the Sovereignty of the Crown was pressed by the too araent reformers upon Charles the First. All else he haa yielded -- this he would not. The sword was appealed to to settle the question; a civil war was the result; great valor and courage were displayed on both sices; men of eminent virtue and patriotism fell in the sanguinary ana fratricidal conflict; the King was deposed ana executed ;a Commonwealth proclaimed. But the end was the reduction of the people of England to a worse state of oppression than they had been in for centuries. They retraced their steps, After nearly twenty years of exhaustion and- blood, and the loss of the greater portion of the liberties enjpyed by them before, they, by almost unanimous consent, called for restoration. The restoration came. Charles the Second ascended the throne, as unlimited a monarch as ever ruled the empire. Not a pledge was asKed or a guarantee given, touching the concessions of the Royal prerogative, that had been exacted ana obtained from his father. The true friends of liberty, of reform and of progress in government , had become convinced that these were the offspring of peace and of enlightened reason, and not of passion nor of arms. The House of Commons and the House of Loras were henceforth the theatres of their operations, and not the fields of Newberry or Mars ton -Mo or. The result was, that in less than thirty years, all their ancient rights and privileges, which had been lost in the civil war, with new securities, were re-established in the ever memorable settlement of 1688 ; which, for all practical purposes, may be looxed XaidiaXI-adiucO ; oent rinada nssd oari vonor.i- iirir: ; risnc id nrtsa need onrf < rifexte i lo ii9 ed Had ^ugioD a • jridxw .^ . »aci) assd . ; oeria ilcda fiesrf Dari ledmariO-iadc' ons ncxesimmoO lo 3dn:c0 x'gi T -' 311110 la i i9ti)c ona t oedo9iico need' osc lav/cq 1c senders +.-, 9 ':;- isrid c 9£d ridiw D&ilsidaa den ans f 939rid rfdiw riexlsxdae don dug .Dariai:Xtfada 9 XainsD 9 rid , 9 ieriqa X sic ran edx nx no cs cd,noea 9 i lo sntxicw Xu$ 0 o.s®q a rtQniicIsi daeoia ccd ©rid vcf Dsas9iq a as.- nwciO 9rid Ic ^dnjj iaievcc: 9 x r d Ic .den DIdgw sri sirid -- csdIsiY nexf s ■ aals XI A . deii r l odd 89liariO ncqu a.ew iaw Civic a ;ncita9up arid gldda? rd cd oslasqqa aaw bicwa sriT jaooxa rid o o' no o 9iaw agaiuoo bn 5 iclav daoi^ jdluaei arid ona ‘v.iGniu^aaa arid ni Il9l raeidcxidaq bna 9i/diiv dnaaxms Ic asm ridlaowaoinmcD a; o&duoexs oru bsacqab anv/ gnil! arid ; do x Unco X ooxo xid ail- ed nfi-:Xjn.- Ic 9lqc9q and Ic noiboubei exld a aw xna exfd dug .oemxaXooiq .saiiuduao icl 11 lead Dari ^arid narid nciaa9iqqo lo 9dada 9310W a acida. ,?ri.X9 Ic- 8ia®Y Ydnswd T^Xiaea nedlA ,sq9da lisxfd bsoaidsi aoidisdxl 9rid ic neidioq ledaaig srid Ic aeol ©rid ana ,0c rlrf boa DsXIao ,da9enco soomiasnu decmla Ya ^asaoqioq laoxdoaiq IXa 10I ,rioiriw j88dX lo daemslddsa 9 * '■ upon as a bloodless revolution. Since that time England has made still further and more signal strides in reform and progress. But not one of these has been effected by resort to arms. Catholic Emancipation was carried in Parliament , after years of argument, against the most persistent opposition, Reason ana justice ulti- mately prevailed. So with the removal of the disability of the Jews -- So with the overthrow of the Rotten-Borough system -- So with the extension of franchise -- so with the modification of the Corn-Laws, and restrictions on Commerce, opening thfe. way to the establishment of the principles of Free-Trade -- and so with qll the other great reforms by Parliament , which have so_ distinguished English history for the last ha. If century. Ma$ we not inaulge hope, even in the alternative before us now, from this great example of restoration, if we but ao as the friends of liberty there did?This is my hope, my only hope. It is foundea on the virtue , intelligence and patriotism of the American people. I have not lost ray faith in the people, or in their capacity for self-government. But for these great essential qualities of human nature, to be brought into active and efficient exercise, for the fulfillment of patriotic hopes, it is essential that the passions of the day should subside; that the causes of these passions should not now be discussed; that the embers of the late strife should not be stirred. Man by nature is ever prone to scan closely the errors and defects of his fellow man -- ever ready to rail at the mote in h»s brother’s ey # e, without considering the beam that is in his own. This should not be .’’Ye all have our motes or beams. 7e are all frail; perfection is the attribute of none. Prejudice pre-juagment should be indulged towards none. Prejudice I ’.That wrongs, what injuries, what mischief s, what lamentable consequences, have resulted at all times from nothing but this perversity of the intellect l 8 sri onsIgnSl amii iarii oon.tS .noxioXovsi aaslscolri » ®Ii6V9iq ^lai^m srii riiiw eg — meie^a risuoioe-nsiioH arii Ic woiriii 9 vo srii riiiv, cS ,3wsj>nic0 arii to nr ii«o ilioc:i arii riiiw ca -- 9 eirioriBiT; 'io nciartaixa ineiurla iXcfBiae arii ci Y$ vv drii §uinsqc ,aoi 9 nmc 0 no anc iioiiia&i One is9i^ leriio &rii XI.p riiiw oa on.s -- sdsiT-sct^ 1c eslqioniiq erii 1c X'loiairi riail^nk oeria iusniiain oj? ever! rioxriw, JnsmsiXi-s*! -^ri amio'ia'i . ^inineo “il iri iasX arii ici an sic i9cf 9vxisni9ilB arii ni nav9 ,9qcri s^Inoni ion aw ooasiil arii au oo ind 9W ii , no iirfioia9i Ic 9 1 qmexe is9^s e irii moi3 , A-on rii no uarinuoT: ai il , aqorf \:Xnc A ^«9qori v,ri ai airiT?nio 9 i 9 ifi ^iiarixl Io ioii evari I ,9lqcaq naoiieraA srii "io maiiciiieq Ona 9one'3iXXeini , 9 uiiiv . inaramevoe-llaa icl ^Jxosqso ii9rii nx io t eXqc9q 9rfi ni xfiisl YJ” isoX iri^nciri b-'1 ^ -ox, f ,9i I .9ncn to 9 . u ■ iiiis 9 . r 1 ai no ii©a ti9q isriw ,a^aoiw iariV’ l ©oxol {, 91 'X . ancrx aniswoi oa^Xi/ inx ecf olnoria 09 Io aoi 9T9ri t a90.neup9anco sldsinemsl i.ariw js^teirioa ioi i 3riw,aainjtni ii09XX9inx arii ic vi iaieviaq axrii iucf r-niriion raoiT: aar:ii XXs i.a 10 % Of all the obstacles to the savancement of truth ana human progr ms, \ in every aepartment -- in science, in art, in government, ana in re- ligion, in all ages and climes, not one on the list is more formidable, more difficult to overcome and subdue, than this horrible distortion of the moral as well as intellectual faculties. It is a host of evil within itself. I could enjoin no greater auty upon my countyyraen now, , Forth and South, than the exercise of that degree of forbearance which would enable them to conquer their prejudices. One of the highest exhibitions of the moral sublime the world ever witnessed, wee that of Daniel Tebster ,when in an open barouche in the streets of Boston, he proclaimed in substance, to a vast assembly of his constituents -- unwilling hearers -- that "they he'd conquered an uncongenial clime; they haa conquered a sterile soil; they had conquered tne winds ana elements of the Ocern;they had conquered most of the elements of nature; but they must yet learn to conquer their prejudices"! I tendw of no more fitting incident or scene in the life of th? t wonderful man j' Clarus et - vi r For ti s sinus . T for perpetuating the memory of the true greatness of his character, on canvass or in marble, than a representation of him as he then and there stood and spoke! I# was an exhibition of moral grandeur surpassing that of Aristides when he said, " Oh Athe- nians, , what Themistocles recommends would be greatxy to your interest, but it would be unjust"! I say to you, and if fen my voice could extend throughout this vast country, over hill and dale, over mountain and valley, to hovel, hamlet ana mansion, village , town and city, I wouis.say among the first, looxing to restoration of peace , prosperity and harmony in this land, is the great duty of exercising that degree of forbearance which will enable them to conquer their prejudices. Irejuaices against communities as ’.veil as individuals. t a 29 i 3 Ciq nomuif one duo! to insnaonsvDs ad cl odacfo ©d XI ^ lc -di ni bns .inswaTsvcs ni e lis d f9 on9'xoa rt± — jrtsrt-t.jrso ^nsvs rjx ,eIcfi 5 JDimc‘ 3 : 3-ion ax Jsil ad no 9no ten ^asnilo istta 893/5 r f> ni «nci§il nc i inoia in aldi'icii aid osxft , 9 iJ 0 diia onn enc oiavc 0 i ilnoillib 9ncr-: Ii /9 lc Seed a ai II .a ©If Iron! 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I 5*1 cm *d Jo ( wca fisi^truico yfi 1 nccu vt.no nalsanx cri nic : :o binco I . flaaii nidiw r?oin . -3 on sn S 9 d"nc 1 to 99139b i.sd to a 107.9x9 ad nsd ,dnc 2 bn 9 dnc 3 Is 9x13X1* ©f'J Jc anC .aeoiortaiq liexfi iewpnc 0 cJ rcad slctena oluow JnriJ asv; , 098 3 ani iv: nave Dlno'.v sd onxXrfna Xsicx ad tc anc i Jio r ixfx9 , icJocXI lc a Jaanle ad ni sifoncnscT nsqc ris ni nsd^ndecT Iain -.Cl Jo -- si ;i 9 i t i Jane 0 sir lc vlcfmasas Jasv a c 1 t aon.slarfjja ni bani $Iociq; ax' ionilo Xftirtagnc' o in n 5 bai-^r jnco o 51X T£od" isd — ai©i sexf gnilliwrtir Dfls * 0ni ^ osiswpfico on if ^ad ;Iica alinaia n 0979; one 0 nsif ^©d sidsn lc a Jtiattfe 19 Qd to iaerc oananprtco b.ixf vad jm 9 o 0 d lc 8in9mel9 o'ic.x on to wc o I l ,, -i 9 oiout 9 iq "tied 191; one 0 cl nisa! i©\; fa urn \eris Si cf -xx asm In lisfrrirsv 1 5 d Jo alii ed ni ©noon nc fried ion i -.nillil GcanJ.non^ -n-nl ad lc vicnsn gift 3'rtilsxr Jggisq net T , a mi s s if-icv niv Jc nc if drraa aiqan. s rand ,9 Tcfn vs ni nc nanVrmo nc ,191.0.11^0 ? ir r > c to nc ilxcfiiJxo ns anv $1 Js^cqs brt? beds 9ied ban n©d ©if as mirf -or.JA ffC 1 , bx.se 9 if noxlw aaciieiiA lc Sad'S sniaesqnue nusonsn^ Xjsicn • Jaeiet.ri iuci£ cl ty< 38 ts oo" nfnew abnfcmmcosi a 9X00 la drstf? Jsi/w t f en>sin r’Jai Qnii ©rf Oil; GW Ji Jrcf aii J Jocjf^iJc'iilJ Ona 1 x 8 ulnco aoiov -^n: oucli on ; t uc y i cl visa I « X ® 70X ’ C^«Y 9 iXev ons ni Snts om nsvc, 9 Isb bns XXxxf isvc Jsxv 3o.cxs \o. a I now I.vjio brts nv.c J , agaIXiv , nc xensin ooe Islmsif . aonoissd-iGi lc 991 ; 9 3 Jsili gniai 019x9 lc ^iuo issn.3 arfl ai t .njjr aid Jani i^o 39 aib«t‘ii < 1 . 89 iliont 9 iq ix&.fi n©> .moo cl mad elcfene XI i\ /foirfw • ©X/ 3 L' ivibni a n I. r< a*- a ©xiinrn co Ana next to that , the indulgence of a Christian spirit of charity. ''Judge not that ye he not judged, '' especially in matters growing out of the late war. I'ost of the v/ars that have scourged the ./or la, even in the Christian era., have arisen on points of conscience, or differences as to the surest way of salvation. A strange way that to heaven, is it not? how much disgrace to the Church, and shame to manKind, /ould ha.ve been avoidea, ‘if the ejaculation of each breast had been, at all times, as it should have been, "Let not this weaK, unKnowing hand, Presume thy bolts to throw; Ana deal damnation round the Lana, On him I_ ueem thy foe." how equally proper is it now, when the spirit of peace seems to our be hovering over^.'ar- stricKen lane, that in canvassing the conduct or motives of others during the late conflict, this great truth should be impressed upon the minds of all, "Who made the heart? ’Pis He alone Decidedly can try us; He Knows each chord, its various tone, 3a ch spring, its various bias; Then at the balance, let ’ s be mute, We never can adjust it; "/hat’s done, we partly may compute, afccsLiJ: But Know not what’s resisted." Of all the heaven descended virtues, that elevate & ennoble human nature, the highest^ the sublimest ,and the civinest is charity. By all means, then, fail not to exercise and cultivate this soul-regenerating element of fallen nature. Let it be cultiv&tea a.na exercised not only amongst ourselves and towards ourselves, on all questions of motive or conduct touching the late war, but towa.rds all manKind. Aven towards * X ’ X ’ n ° lc i£ ' L£ T- 3 U =». 0 fi 9 n,ru,mi 'jfirrj C J ixsri unA . rii Yiriias-jae %09?6«t Jen ;.4 6\ tm a Jca ‘ J ‘ :J “‘ J ' UICOf! 9V;ji ■»«'* ai-w w'J to fee: .iow et.nl s ft tc *lc iC .*•«**<&• 1c o .Ic/ncW}™ 8 v* ,nn 9 , jUa hO ini nx iM ' 3 ' W; ' A •&««*« id idw iaewi »rfj ci 8JJ asont . Mnb **'** m,R cl o ) st x b xfofr, wer ?lon lx it, now.: cl ***'■ ‘ " el? ^ ^ * n 3 - irf rr ui SlLStlll i 8 -3 -• t r ’ ; J 3 ,a»e -:r b.s t ,x>n>:5J 7 j.ii «!* C /fT' \ii ujio vIoeoiDoC ’ 9 IC f 8i ox't. : ;v aJi t D , xcr f © rio^e swenn o’; , . 'ii ~ xjc i. 'i , v a i f ^rjxiqg rfo ;7 «®^ L:fn 9Cf e ’isl , aortal . 3 cf 9a -fj- a9r x^ < £ * Jbj LOjs a jo i9V9ft g” ,aJuqnoo x$n 9V . t9nc jD a’drsifY • bs^aiaai 8 r tjs4i> Joa wenji )ir ttxy.5t& '*™ i “ ain, ri 8Xdcane * 3l3V919 iJeUnsoeso a»v xeU sr'J xt» > 0 • v!':n nx jaanxvxn s rc cj ni xnen'J xtf 9bicf3 Oits ,i 5w exit lo asuaai 9 rft tqeoo-j oXoox^a sW lisw 39 ,oo ct eaoqiuq ioc^ 8i ti , Oeoscaieq ^IXirl Xeel I ,a ixfT .xlti si -nsvncO ni evsxi Bigioef* 'ic 9lqcsq exiT .atneoti is nco ioo\, ic isn't as 09 oris ini a^w xioixiw ,X6oX lc oonsnioiO i9rf belXunna one 09310*91 noil noitoiiianoO axil .V8^I lo ncinU ic iosqnoo 9 xli noil isrl isvoa ct JU ' C lc wfj£ oinsgic 9 ffi as benismoei nserf esrf a 9 .ti 5 .t 8 b 9 tinir 9 xft lc o'xerlw ct as osiaixa aicloisierf noiaiqo loaeonsisllio ?evef&iW .nasi icl 9iicn ^gnin't lc 9i sie eisX exit gniioo ,900 asw sonsigeXXs 100 ic iioitoc on r t ^cf ^exgioei' isxftsxf .werr iaixs nso secqmq Xsoiiosiq ,ton ic no inti exit lc too ^XXoltxigxi isv 9 8sw t Id8I lc xicitnevncO i 9 £ r noqc eoneqeo as isl ca «nx won ai sria isrii noiiaenp on ecf nso siexft iucxiiiw won ai , aiclsisxit t asi st8 JbgiinU glorfw sii7 .oeeh Pros Xliw isxf IlB ' :d * ffoua oobnsiab one b9x<'a imxfo s5X os 9i. t ci 901 1 ai 9ic 1 9isxit isvaoxiv,' .Yiinoco slqriw ain't ni wnX taoenn \;nB 3sxi mi9t t^xit as isl sb Xs^cX ai t i> 9 Singco 9 i wen bb 39Xqioniiq Ylnc out ex aixiT .anoitot itani 10 c isofxo 901 c! 10 sao stBxnitigaX IXeati noitotitanoO sxit xtXsvoX lc tast X-fnc exit bnB lo bnix no it 5ict89i ct gninistisq gnixit ^ 19 ve ,wsiv i 9 rft,o ^ns ni .asiiopsi xie v 9 X 9 taoeX ts ni eXqcaq exit lc yoocT tssig 9 rft abisg 9 i as isl op. nsjicicf 9cT Ct 1B9 9xit ot eaimciq s gnixBm tocf ai , no inU exit lc aetstg occg ni ibw lo 9098 i 9 xit tqsoos oxiw t 9 iclsi 9 xit ,XXA . 9 qcrf exit ot 13 faith, and come up to the test required by the Constitution, ore now loyal, hovever they may have heretofore been. But with this change comes a new order of things. One of the results of the war is a total change in our xx whole internal polity. Our former social fabric has been entirely subverted. Lilce those convulsions in nature which breaK up old incrustations, the war has wrought a new epoch in our political existence. Old things have passed away, and all things among us in this respect are new. The relation heretofore, under our old system, existing s between the African and European races, no longer exist. Slavery, as it was called, or the status of the blacK race, their subordi- nation to the white, upon which all our institutions rested, is abolished forever, not only in Georgia, but throughout the limits of the United States. This change should, be received and accepted as an irrevocable fact. It is a bootless question now to discuss whether the new system is better for both races than the old one was or not. That may be proper matter for the philosophic and philanthropic historian, at some future time to inquire into, after the new system shall have been fully* and fairly tried. All changes of systems or proposed reforms, are but experiments and problems to be solved. Our system of self-government was an experiment at first. Perhaps as a problem it is not yet solved. Our present duty on this subject is not with the past or the future. It is with the present. The wisest and the best often err, in their judgments as to the probable wordings of any new system. Let us therefore give this one, a fair and just trial, without prejudice, and with that earnestness of purpose, which always looics hopefully to success. It is an ethnological problem, on the solution of which depends, not only the best interests of both races, but it may be, the existence of one or the other, if not both. onco dhb .noiiuliisxtoD aril x« lemiol wO .l.txioq anoilalamooi bio qo **m* rioiriw aidan oi .nolM-ynoo aaorii «U BIO .aooaiaixa iBoUxio, wo oi riocqa wan a »*».« — «• ^ loaqaai airil oi an 8 ocma 3 8 oiril Ha bna.^wa beaaaq evari a 3 oirii gniiaixa .malax* bio wo oaonu noiiflX ” 9ir 9 "" XiavalS Haixa I 9 *«cl on ,,99«i oaaqciuE boa oaoiilA .1* -iLd.a 11901 .99*1 -Bid «* 10 •» « 38W “ 88 ei .Delsai anolidiiani wo H. riotxiw ooqxx ,.»i* * riJ oJ Mttan s 1 ixrci I axil i-orisuold# iud .aiaocaO oi *Ino loo .oave-sol oexiaxloda oelqaooa boa baviaoai ad Liberia asnaria airiT .«»-« baiinU aril to 88boe io oi woo noiiaaup aaalicod a ai II Hoal aldaoovaiix na aa 9 „ 0 0 lo aril oeril aaoai died icl laiiad ai malax* wan axil -xoxiiaxiv, oxxiqoeolxrfq ' T9qc ’ sq ® d V *“ ■ ri orrj 9TJJXU1 smee 3 a ,n*x:M>JBirf o i qo*irtt os I in q isiiB t oXni 9 'ixupni cX 9mi3 9iujv .bail! xIiiBl boa -xllul oaad avail Haifa maiaxca wan axil tnaraiiaqxe lud aia .amolai baaoqoiq io amalaxca to aa 8 naiio HA bb 8 aw mamma voa-Haa lo malaxa wO -bavloa ad oi amaldoiq boa .oavloa lax 1o« ai 11 maldoiq a aa aqaxioa. Halil 1* loamiiaxpoa .eio ml aril 10 laaq aril rfii. loo ai. loatdba airil oo Xlbb ioaaaiq wO liaiU xxi . 11 . oallo lead aril x>oa leaai* ariT .maaeiq aril dll- - « „ lad .malax* wan ,oa 1o a S oi»ic« aldadoiq aril oi aa aioamsoxxi aoibbtaiq moriiiw .laiii iwt boa lial a .aoc airil avia mclaiarii Xllulaqori axool av-I* rioiriw .aaoqmq lo aaaoiaamae iedl nil* boa io noiluloa axil oc .maldoiq laolBoIcoxila oa ai II ^ ii md .aaoai riled 1c elaaialni ‘iaad aril *» loo .riled ICO lx ,1*lll0 aril 1C 900 lo 9008181X9 9IXi ,90 14 This duty of giving this new system a fair ana just trial, will require of you, as Legislators of the land, great changes in our former laws in regard to this;* large class of population. V/ise ana hum§ne provisions shoule be made for them. It is not for me to go into detail. Suffice it to say on this occasion, that ample ana full protection should be secured to them, so that the£ may stana equal before the law, in the possession and enjoyment of all rights of person, liberty and property. Many considerations claim this at your hands. Among these may be stated their fidelity in times past. They cultivated your fielas; ministered to your personal wants and comforts; nursed and reared your children; and even in the hour of danger ana * peril, they were in the main, true to you and yours. To them we owe a debt of gratitude, as well as acts of Kindness. This should also be aone because they are poor, untutored, uninformed; many of them helpless, liable to be imposed upon, and need it. Legislation should ever Iook to the protection of the weaK against the strong. V/hatever may be said of the equality of races, or their natural capacity to become equal, no one can doubt that at this time, this ra.ce among us ,is not equal, to the Caucasian. This inequality does not lessen the moral obligations on the part of the superior to the inferior, it rather increases them. From him who has much, more is required than from him who has little. The present generation of them, it is true, is far above their savage progenitors, who were at first introduced into this country, in general intelligence, virtue, and moral culture. This shows capacity for improvement. But in all the higher charadteri stic s of mental development, they are still very far below the European type. ’.Vhat further advancement they may maKe, or to what stands, rd they may attain, way under a different system of laws every suitable ana wisely applicable A to their changed condition, time alone can disclose. I speaK of them as we now Know them to be, having no longer the protection of a. master. £1 Iliv; , XsiTi iau i, Dim Tist s wan a Mi aaivig 1 o ai/iT tjjo ni ae^norio issTg ^DnsI sdi tc btc isXe i§ 9 nXa otasaic liertX at ajnemnnsvca IIA ooes exix twsxv nx Xoetdo bnxoset :airtx overt bXucrta .no Usnxe xnxmo* -Bins:. aJi neons XXs ex yXinseea One noxXoexcnl .Demevc .3 -lom s at XI .Xnemrinevoa \wve to one leirto axU erf Mete .rtcixoi.-' -voa XXS to one texrio exiX ad OXocrie exxIX elxriw tmtt Mil Redons net .newoq to aJnsinsnXanx as ^Xno oess eie, mate to Xaoi. , 3 Xner>nne -qc aril Xff d«« .to eeneqxe exit is .wet ertX to Xnemesxoneaajja ertX nsven .XnemnnevcS to eseOx wo Xon ew riooB .Xrt« «« « lc " Ci88M « , 8R9 ol we OX snxe-xooos 8 xne*nnev«0 .erf bXocrte wven One need evert ’*»* .-.xn, - * XC •, on- .elorfc •£ to ft»S eri oX XccX oXscra xftlw aiasoo eXinovet e ax ."nedmsn XaeXsena ertX cX Boos XaeXsen;, -xeven saw airtX wen* uo* XsE .»eXa^ plo wo eoneteO ce emcR .emca ViLlnx no Xitsn’ inXox XucrtXiw .XXs oX Ooca XasXsena erf? .eninXeco v> nequ oooneot ene xXno aXnewinevca eecd" .elui ennx er.x ax ,V-s cj -X .sena ertX cX *ooI rfoirfw .eoiXaul one acetal tc .aeXqioninq xoennen .tXXiotaxtrtl .aaenacnq one Xnss.evcnqrtx .Jnemeonevoe eXrfenieXXe Xae nirtXiw anciXxoneo one aeaaeXo XXs tc XU«o« ^XXssXoeXXeXnx ,xaed ertX Xon asw "eXava aXo wc tl .ncxXe iOaiwl Xotxrtsla inert) Xoeqaen axrtx nx .eeosn rtXod net .Xaed ertX eonm need evert Xon OXsco no , si v w eew iBlt .OeriaiXorfo need avert cX 1dpi 0 Xx .axnsd sxrtX ««> bne non on ax Xx XertX wen Xi Xseqen X one .oeXaeX Xx eXirt* r.alex* 1*11 tc D riX cX »ccl OXuoria so* ,«eXaxa wen ertX neons enctenerfX noiXeXeiseX "I XuemeonnvoB ,'iX xnseea .nciXoeXonq nieriX ;aeaeeIo CXs tc >aeneXn x Xaed tx.aeXoeiarfo IIA. «£!•«« one ^XXssXoeXXeXnx .xXXsoxa^q.Xnex.evonqmx one , onsXen nc neonxri ^Xdxaacq nee rtoxxiw.oevcmen ed clucxfa ed enertX X^A .'cXxeeqea nieriX to xneXxe ex!X cX aaoeld ertX tc Xnenevcnqnx ertX r proper aid should he given to their own efforts. Channels of education should he opened up to them. Schools ana the usual means of moral ana intellectual training, should he encouraged amongst them. This is the dictate, not only of what is right and proper, and just in itself, hut it is also the promptings of the highest considerations of interest It is difficult to conceive a greater evil or curse, that could hefall our country, stricken and distressed as it now is, than for so large a portion of its population, as this class will quite prohahly constitute amongst us, hereafter, to he reared in ignorance, depravity and vice. In view of such a states of things, well might the prudent, even now look to its abandonment. Let us not however indulge in such thoughts of the future. Nor let us, without an effort, say the system can not he worked. Let us not, standing still, hes- itatingly ask, "Can there any good thing come out of Nazareth?" hut let us rather say as Gamaliel did, "If this counsel or this work he of men, it will come to nought, hut if it he of God ye cannot overthrow it, lest haply ye he found even to fight against God". The most vexed questions of the age are social problems. These we have heretofore had hut little to do with; we were relieved from them by our peculiar institution. Emancipation of the blacks, with its consequences, was ever considered by me with much more interest as a social question, one relating to the proper status of the different elements of society, and their relations towards each other, looking to the best interest of all, than in any other light. The pecuniary aspect of it, the considerations of labor and capital, in a politico-economi c view, sunk into insignificance, in comparison with this. This problem, as one of the results of the war, is now upon us, presenting one of the most perplexing questions of the sort that any people ever had to deal with. Let us resolve to do the best we can with it, from all the lights we have or can get xilsouba 1c •■slennsrfO .aliolle awo 'lisrll ol nsvi^ ©cf xlucria bis i9qcTq on.a Isicifi 1 g Efi 3©m Ibuqu sxil on; elcoxloS .xnaxil c* qu beneqc sc f bXxrcxle sil-l ai aiilT .maxll Isgnciuo c&haiuooiio sd ol c ria ^niaiBil LguJ oeLIeSni ,1X93 Ji ni Isjjj, bns ,'isqo'iq bn,s Ixlgii si 1 irl® 1c \;Inc ion ,91 .s1oxd . laa'ieli^ 1c anc il-sne xisnc o laeri^ixl 9 ii 1 1c eanilqmQiq silt c aX b ai li lud oXoco 1-sxil , 9 s hj 9 no Live nslBa'i^ x ©viaonoo ci IXxoilli; ai II id ujoiII ,ai wen lx as beaaeiJs io on.? nexoixle , viirujoo ijjc II-bxscT 9lijjp Xliw a a. <3X0 aiili as , no il.sJjjqcq ali 1c acilioq a a^noX 03 , oOfiBicn^i ni ostlsst; scf cl ^©ilssngjrf ,3U lasnofiio 9luix ianco ^cTjecfonq Iri^ira XXs’v .avjfiirfl 1c a9Js1a s xIols 1o wsxv ni .soiv Jwib \;1 ivsiqeb isvswoxl ion oxj led . Inwnncimscfo six ol 5icoI wen n9V9 ^nabonq axil ,1icl1a «jb jucxlliw ,sjj J 9 I acH .9*iulu1 aril 1c e Irl^x'cxll done ni s- luoni -aaxl ,11x13 anionala ,1cn eu SeJ. . baxiow ed Sen nso tneJaya edi y,bq lud "?i119*issbi' 1c loo smoo jnxril occ£ ^na s'xaxll naD” ,aea vX^nxieli anew aids *xo leanuco axxli II” ,bxb IsiXamaD a.n ^oa *i9iiij3*i sxj Is! IcnnjBO 9^ boD 1c 9cf 1i x lud t Siq=ucn ol 9inoo IXiw Jx ,n5xn 1o ad • " ocf) lania^B 1xi\,i1 ol nsvs bnucl ed 9 ^ YXqari 1s9l ,1i wcnrilisvc 9 W 939ilT .aaiaXdo'iq Xoiooa 9 * 1.0 93 a axil 1c ancilaaup bsxav iacm 9flT Aldl C9V9il9*I 9*19W 9W {fllXW CO Ol sXIliX ll'd D-BXl 9*I0i Cl9*I9Xl 9V3f{ ,axD8Xcf 9 ill 1c noil o9*i9bianco *X9V9 saw ,89on9Up©anco ali xlliw a u 1 . 3 1 q *i9qc*iq sill ol ^ail^X^n sac t nc iSnsue Lai oca a s s SaeveSni ajjnowoi ancil^lsn nisrli ens ,x1 d -^3c»3 1c alnemsXa Inoisllii) ©ill 1c •xsxllc ^118 ni naxll ,XIo 1c 1 a 9 i 9 ini lead 9il1 cl &nixocX ,*isri1c rioo9 ons nodal Ip otto ilanaoiancp 9x11, : (qa *cx«ixw9fl j IT .In'aiX , 9onsoi1in8ieni olni xnxe ,w siv o imcnoo e-c o xl i Xcg - a ni ,Xxi1iqao 9d1 1 o elXuasn axil 1 o an o as t aeLdciq axxIT .aixll xlliw nceinaqxnoo ni ancil99up 3nxx9Xqxsq leo.n axil 1c 9no s ri i^ n9a ®‘iq ,eu ncqu won ai ,*iaw 9vXo8 9i Bu Sed .xlliw XB9D cl bad ibvo 9lqceq \jna 1.sxi1 Inca exfl 1c 193 nno no 9 vail 9 W 3ln f 3iX 9x11 XIs mc*i1 ,1i xlliw nao ew ie9d 9xfJ ci> cl 17 from any quarter. With this view, end in this connection, I taKe the liberty of quoting for your consideration, some remarKs even from the Rev. Henry Ward Beecher. I met with them some months ago while pondering on this subject, and was a.s much struct: as surprised, with the drift of their philosophy, coming from the source they dia. I give them as I find them in the New Yortc Times where they were reported. You may be as much surprised at hearing such ideas from Mr. Beecher, as I was. But however much we may differ from him on many questions, and on many questions connected with this subject, yet all must aumit him to rantc amongst the master spirits of the age. And no one perhaps has contributed more by the power of his pen ana voice in bringing about the present state of things, than he has. Yet, nevertheless, I commend to your serious consideration, as pertinent to my present object, what he was reported to have said, as follows: "In our land and time facts and questions are pressed upon us, which demana Christian settlement. Settlement on this ground & doctrine. We can not escape the responsibility. Being strong and powerful, we must nurse and help and educate ana foster, the weaK anc poor and igno- rant. For my own part I cannot see how we shall escape the most terri- ble conflict of classes, by ana bye, unless we are educated into this doctrine of duty, on the part of the superior to the inferior. We are told by zealous and fanatical individuals, that all men are equal. We Know better. They are not equal. A common brotherhood teaches no such absurdity. A theory of universal physical likeness, is no more absurd than this. Now as ib all times, the strong go to the top, the weaK go to the bottom. It’s natural, right and cant be helped. All branches are not at the top of the tree, but the top aoes not despise the lower; nor do they all, despise the limb or the parent trunK; and so with the body politic, there must be classes, some must be at the top and some must be at the bottom. It is difficult to ' l sx.sl I t no i 1 osnnoo 3 irll ni oas,wsi:v aixfl ill i T < . lelisL'p \aa moil neve axisraei 90103 ,nc i Isisoianoo ixjgy ioI Bnilcop c Yliscfil sril 03s aiiJiiCfiT axrsca maill xiliw Isrn I ,ioilc> 9 eS OibV y** 1©H .V9n erfl noil t 098iiqiiJ3 8 3 xoDila rfoura 33 a.sw Ons ^losjjCTxis 3 in'.} nc sniieoncq 9lixlw .Dip ^erf^ solves 9 x 11 raoil aniraoo ,YrfqcaoIixiq ii 9 .nl 1 c lliib axil AS iw 9isw y 91 H 3iox:w u ontiT XicY wall sxll ni noxil Pnil I es ai 9 xll 9 ”i 3 I moil 3.R9t)i xious gnii-sexl Is Ogaxiqiue rfoum sb stf x&m v cY , 0 ©licq 9 i ac mixi moil ' 19 * 11 x 0 Y 8 ® sw rfourn isvsworf lo€ .bbw I 3 s ,i 9 rfo 990 .iM t 1o9t,a'u3 aixil ill iw Belo 9 nnco ancil 89 Up vasia no Ons ^ancxlagop Y* 18 ® , 9 gB 9 Xil 1 o alxiiqa i9lasm 9 ill Issnoms xnsi cl mix! linoa laum IIb S 9 y pns naq axil 1 c i9»oq 9.rll 91cm oslucfiilnco aerl aqBilieq 9 nc cn OnA .a-3ii axi n^xli ,e3»iixli 1 c slsla Inaasiq axil IjjccTb §nisniitf ni aoiov nsniliaq as ^noxlsiaoxanco aLoxiea ixjoy cl On©nniGO I t aa 9 lailli 9 V 9 n ,lsY jawollol a ? , 0 X 88 9vsxl o 1 09 lioq 9 i 83W 9 ii Isxlw , 109 trfc Ineasiq Y® cl t au noqo ceaesiq ©is anoxia ©up ons aloal arnil Ons onsl u,o nl*‘ sniilocu & rnucig eixil nc InaasIlldS .ln 9 r T eIll 9 o nBXlsiirfO onsraaO xioiiiw aw , Iu1i9wcq ons gnoila snxaS . \S ilicfiencqe©i aril sqsoa© Ion aeo 97 -cngi bns iccq ons xs9W ©xil,i 9 lao 1 on© elaou 09 Ons qlso Ons ©aixui laun -iii9l is cm 9x11 ©q^oa© I X.srfa ©w woxi 99a lonnso I t*isq nwo y® *io y . J nsi axxll clni oelBOUoe sis aw easlnu , 9 Y <1 Dft * 5 ,e9aas!o lo loxllnco s Id .icii9lni sill cl loxiaqua 9 iil 1 c lisq 9 ill nc , Y 1 ^ D 9niiloco sns nem IIs IsriJ ,alBWbxvii>ni Isoilsnsl ons aDolB 9 S vcf Old 91s eW 39xlos9l occdi9riloicf nonifiioo A . Isupe Ion ©'IB Y®cIT .' r .9ll9ja yXX 391 ^ nciXaaup XXb w cn ai anc edT .anX^n !c aaonqtai sri.r d nso nera !c aaos*! sn JoniXaiD xitiiXtacxii • axfi 393 bsXo 9391!^ .TedXo &r{X ct ' » r^id sdX !c ai 9nc exfT CX « ; xi ■’ cX t XoeXc*iq c • ,ic he/^ ^dX qx;;.o sj ! 1 c 3^3 ei' XndX IIA XL: u •ic'i 'fi i xXId''. ; t ic iislni 91' X ql9d cX dhb , ) sum; cons «nc IXoL’X ia "I C I. 1 «i c X ^Xffroil qq ^ sji» j ss rc\ cJ Dnor, C ; C M IIi\ , >sq;X 0 B*i . 1 i.B Xoc D©i 11159 .sniiXoco ©dX isdXod." , aicXidi 3 aid cX da YXia/59 aa so d.riv. enciXa©jjo ©ncd ©neeelcfiicai Xac;* 9a ©dX X [ 5 alii©? Soft .-d re . eacdX dXiw mciieou- oogif 3y.1I cXlcv; xi ^nidX cX d&pt 93 sd . . ■ . ■ - r r 0 n X J x . . . .wccr, 91 -5 mix' qrf D 9 om cnn -5 eyX.qioniiq X Die 095 edX X.;dX jiniY^ 19 adopted by us as far as practicable, Lo harm can come f run it, much good may ."/lie the r the great barrier of races which the Creator has placed between this, mr inferior class ana ourselves, shall prevent a success of the experiment now on trial, of a. peaceful , happy ana ;rosper- ous community, composed of such elements ana sustaining present relations towaras each other, or even a further elevation on the part of the inferior, if they prove themselves fit for it, let the future, unaer the aispensations of Providence , decide. 'Ye have to deal with the present. Let us ao our auty now, leaving results ana ultimate consequences To that ’’divinity which shapes due enas, Rough hew them how we will.’’ In all things on this subject as in all others, let our guiaeoasosius. be the admirable motto of our State. Let our counsels be governed by Y/isaom, our neasures by Moderation ana our principles by Justice. So much for what I haveto say on this occasion, touching our present duties on this absorbing subject, ana some of our duties in reference to a. restoration of peace, law and order; without which all must, sooner or later, enu in utter confusion, anarchy ana despotism I have as I said I should, only glanced at some general ideas. Now as to the future, and the prospect before usJ On this branch of the subject I can add but little. You can form some ideas of my views of that from what has already been said. Y/oula that I could sa.y something cheergul; but that candor, which has marxea all that I have said, compels me to say that to me the future is far from being bright. It is aartt and impenetrable. Thiele gloom curtains and closes in the horizon all around me. Thus much I can say: my only hope is in the peaceful re-establishment of good government, ana its peaceful maintenance afterwards. And further, the most hopeful prospect to this end now, is the restoration of the old yn ion, ana with — « ,•< -.0 ran,, C : . 8 X«,o^o,- I: a,' ,,V; a . , cf ^ : ** c ’ ! * ■■ - ^ » ■■ ■ . ., * ' VMf; ,R9VXW ‘- t " w se «° -wo ,«i,V ncavvXacf ' ■ “ - ■ : - ‘ ’ ♦** » -- ft* - ft ^ * 88 | , iJ ' ’ ' - -- « 8 , f< ' " * w ■ » • » ' - • * * 5 &XiJ 19UfIL ,31W Jj&l 9il + J 3X tr frl + r *> ' ’ J •••»««»nsn t vsrM. tx ,«r c Xa*lni ' 1 X 1 ■ f j^Xv> ‘. e - 1 f t 9 y */-, n ’ , i .soxor>o, 9 o,i9,>xvcH 1c sricfJ.ss'neqaij) **o»»i, i>mttco M - B j iu . 8Jfus9 , ,„ rvi<1 „... ■■ 1 «' rI "J* o 1UC CO HU Xf-.I «•""* * ic itoXif* 'vXXnXfiV x*,/ <7 • ,w wc ri nsifi ..-or f x*‘ i,or ■■’ ^ ^ 3S ir? 0 X i j i < t h I ■ ' \ - •' ,aw ,c IX " •“ «•> S39 ^ «Wi ae feVnirfi iu „t “ 608j * "•"’fVCi Mt «M|WM Tlrt) X„r »*_«* ,,. J9...sX*X3 wc , c cJJcri eldmimos sri • 90ita ‘' 1 V - rf «*H«>**q T..C o„« .ciJxm* *f E9s „ E! an , uc Snill0UtJ •“ ClR -’ 90C •*« V* i x c Hw , c t rfocn ce ***** 7Ue * ***** «K4»* nr ltolW ^ . *** *««. ,•«. « " JCW “ Wtoaeafl , nc rtutnc a One .xeXoX ,c Wee xx„ ■■ •>»■■'■' ’IS Vnc f .,x„ rj(l , - 5 *“ 9 ' 10 ^ 9rf toa V^ «« Wie.eauXwt arfx ex 8a woil W ‘ C 9 " CB raiCl ^ UCY oo. nao x Ja8llft . 8 9f(i , c “ ' ' ' UlUCV n99d V»««i e uui i«fw noil JjaxfX t 0 SW8i , JOrlJ IX > J/i ‘ ,9i ‘ iV '’ tcoM ° iali * *»* ?X OS i»*Uo SnixfJssos ^ S X9<1 aC ' J ’ , ” 1 ? " 1U " Ul 9CX 9? ' Ci isJx ° Hfl * nCi,,V ° XC ^ * noX JsToXaai a,x ax,v, 0 „ ona si ,X c, Xaa.aoxn 20 it the speeay return of fraternal feeling throughout its length and "breadth. These results depend upon ihe people themselves - upon the people of the Norht quite as much as the people of the South - upon their virtue, intelligence and patriotism, I repeat, I fiave faith in the American people, in their virtue , intelligence and patriotism. But for this I should leng since have despaired. - DarK ana gloomy as the present hour is, I do not yet despair of free institutions. Let but the virtues, intelligence and patriotism of the people throughout the whole country be properly appealed to, aroused ana brought into action, and all may yet be well. The masses, everywhere, are aliKe equally interested in the great object. Let old issues, old questions, old differences and old feuds, be regarded as fossils of another epoch. They belong to what may hereafter be considered the Silurian period of our hi story .Great , new, living questions are before us. Let it not be said of us in this day, not yet passed, of our country’s greatest trial ana agony, that, "there was aw party for Cae sar , a party for P$ypp ey, ana a party for Brutus, but no party for Rome." But let all patriots, by whatever distinctive name heretofore styled, rally , in all elections everywhere, to the support of him, be he who he may, who bears the standard with "Constitutional Union" em- blasoned on its folas. President Johnson is now in my judgment the chief great standard bearer of these principles, ana in his efforts at restoration should receive the cordial support of every well wishwr of his country. In this consists, on this rests, my only hope. Should he be sustained, and the Government restored to its former functions, all the States brought bacK to their practical relations under the Constitution, our situation will be greatly changed from what it was before. A radical and fundamental change, as has been stated, has been made in that organic law. V/e shall have lost what was Known as our "peculiar institution" ri^nsl &Si Sucd&JczdS an ildal IsnzeSo il tc niLisi ^oeeqs srfi Si cicqb - s 9 v X 92iTT9n j elqceq erf noqn brieqeb aSI i(I - . D9ii sqasn evsrf sonia §nof Dlucrfa I a ills zct j;jg JsJ .anoiSdiSani sail lo i ifiqesb Jev ion ob I ,ei iwcrf inesoiq sdS Sucd^uczdS alqaaq ©rfj lc maiioiiiaq bits sona^m© ini ,a»Diiiv srfj Sud cun Sii&jGid arts oeauo-i.fi f cJ OeXseqqa vlneqciq erf ^Jfit'co elate ads 3>»il3 91.6 ,9i9rfvvxiev 9 .asaasm atf? , Heir srf S 9 ^ Y*n XX.fi bus t nciiofi .anciJaaup Die f a9Deai bid ieJ .iostrfo Xfi9i S 9ffS ni bsiasisini vll.wpe .noeqe lerfioas ic aliaecl a 3 bsoisssi ©tf^busl nlc one 890391911:115 ole dc xi9q neiiDlia 9rft bsiebianco 9rf iailfi9i©rf yb^ isrfw ci gnolotf Y©rfT srf ion Si J&d ,au siclsrf 313 anoiJaeup gnivil t wen f iaeiO. YioJsirf zuo Jc lii-u iaeiae-is a’x-iSfwoo zve lo t b9aa3q Isy Sen ,Y8b aids ni an Jo bisa ” n ; «^ 9C W^ *<** xi-iaq fi .weesO icl Y^sq n asw oierii" , i^rfi ,^038 uni ’ .srac;; ic 1 Y^i'>q cn lurf f ai,1niH; icl 0 9iclci9iorf oxnsn 9Viioni Ja ia zeveS'.dv/ Yrf«eiciiiBq IXs Sel SulL ,nnrf ’ c iioqqus 9 dS cS .sierfwYievs anc iiosls IXs ni , yXI 11 .bel^ie -us f.cinr Isnc liwixlencO" rfi iw biBbneia 9 rfi a 13 erf erfw t Ysm srf criw srf erLt ineu&ODrf, XV ni wen ai ncanrfcL ineuiesil .aolcl a Si nc bencanlrf tB M - C * rie ni uoa .aelqioaiiq sesrfi lc isifisrf bifibn da isoi S q 9 jrf 0 iBrfexw Hew Yi^vs lc iicqqus Isioico srfi evisoei olncrfa nciifiiciaei • Yiittwco g iff j c 'fjemeSaua srf 9 rf elccrfS .sqcrf vine vjr^Saei aids no,aieienoo e irfi ni Bsi,ii 2 srfi XX 3 t anc iionul zaanol eSi oS bsic Seen insmnisvcfl erfi one •iDc f nc ilLiiiancO edS neonu anciSalut I^oisosiq lieds cS ^osrf Sd^uczd Dn * l60iD «' 1 A ,9icl9rf asw Si Ssdv fitit beansrfo Y x ^^ei S srf Xliw nciicuiia oins^ic iaxii ni eo-ira nssrf aerf^Deiaie nssrf serf as t ssiifirfo Xa^nemsbrn/'l "nciiuiiiaai isrluosq” me 3 3 nwcnai sbw Ssdw Sad 9 vsrf IX.^rfe ©V/ .wsl 21 which was so intertwined with the whole framework of our State body politic. We shall have lost nearly half the accumulated capital of a cen- tury. But we shall have still left all the essentials of free government, contained and embodied in the old Constitution, untouched and un- impaired as they came from the hands of our fathers. With these, even if we had to begin entirely anew, the prospect before us would be much more encouraging than the prospect was before them, when they fled from the oppressions of the old world, and sought shelter and homes in this then wilderness land. The liberties we begin with, they had to achieve. With the same energies and virtues they displayed, we have much more £o cheer us than they had. with a climate unrivalled in salubrity; with a soil un- surpassed in fertility; and with products unequalled in value in the mar- kets of the world, to say nothing of our mineral resources, we shall have much still to wed us to the good old land. With good government, the ma- trix from which alone spring all great human achievement s, we shall lack nothing but our own proper exertions, not only to recover our former prosperity, but to attain a much higher degree of development in everything that characterises a great, free, and happy people. At least I Know of no other land that the sun shines upon, that offers better prospects under the contingencies stated. The old Union was based upon the assump ti on, that it was for the best interest of the people of all the States to be united as they were, ea. cfc State faithfully performing to the people of the other States, all their obligations under the common compact. I always thought this assumption was founded upon broad, correct , and statesman- like principles. I think so yet. It was only when it seemed to be impossible further to maintain it, without hazarding greater evils than would perhaps il&khx attend a sepaf ati on, that I yielded my assent in obedience to the voice of Georgia, to try the experiment which has just resulted so disastrously to us. Indeed, during the whole f X ° C(j 9i * 38 " 1UC lc *™we*s-il sloifw edX dXiw b©niwX-i©Xni oa saw doidw -ne° b *c UJiq#o x> 9 **Imuoo» ©dX U iti vJLisen Jaol-ewf Xlsda ©V . 0J xilcq t Xn©mnisvG 8 S9il >o alaiJneee© edX IXa XleX IliXe ©vad Haifa ©w XuF . 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Xoeqaoo aemmeo ©dX i9bnu anciXagildo lisdX XXa f a©XjBXr, -aamaaXaXa oas f Xo©noo , bacicf aoqu b©babc> aaw nclXqmaaaa eirli XdgbcdX ad ex b©m©9 3 xi a©dw ^Inc aaw XI ,x© Y ce xaidX I .aelqioniiq ©xiX aXiv© aexaeig gnibiasad XbcdXiw ,xi aiaXaiam cX i©dX ml altiiaecqmi ni Xaseas w :,9i>X9X^ I XsifX , no i Xa^aqse a onsXXa eqadieq dXkck aadx ead doidw Xasraiisqxe ©dx ^ cX .aigic©?) Ic ©aiev ©dX cX ©oasibedc ^.Icdw ©dX gaiiui) , besbal ,au cX yXst-oiXa ©a id oa neXX; ia 9 i XeL : t 22 » lamentable conflict, it was my opinion that however the penuing strife might terminate, so far as the appeal to the swprcl was concerned, yet after a while, when the passions aan excitements of the uay should pass away, an adjustment or arrangement would be made upon Continental principles, upon the general basis of "reciprocal advant- age and mutual convenience," on which the Union was first established, desire My earnest , however, throughout , was whatever might be done, might be peacefully done; might be the result of calm, ai spassi onate , and enlightened reason; looxing to the permanent interests and welfare of all. and now, after the severe chastisement of war, if the general sense of the whole country shall come bacx to the acKnowleagement of the original assumpion , that it is for the best interests of all the States to be so united, as I trust it will; the States still being "separate as the billows but one as the sea'; I can perceive no reason why, under such restoration, we as a whole with "peace, commerce, and honest friendships with all nations and entangling alliance with none, "may not enter upon a new career, exciting increased wonder in the old world, by grander achievements hereafter to be made, than any heretofore attained, by the peaceful and har- monious worxingsog our American institutions of self government. All this is possible if the hearts of the people be right. It is my warmest wish to see it. Fondly would I indulge ray fancy in gazing on such a picture of the future. With what rapture may we not suppose the spirits of our fathers would hail its opening scenes from their mansions above. Such are my hopes, resting on such contingencies. But if, instead of all this, the passions of the day shall continue to bear sway; if prejudice shall rule the hour; if a conflict of races shall arise; if ambition shell turn the scale; if the sword shall be thrown in the balance against patriotism; if the embers of the late war shall be Kept a glowing until with new fuel they shall flame ) ss ^niuneq 9dX isvawcd XsrfX ac-iniqo vjn sew Xx ,XDxXXrtco alcfsiaem.Bl ,J39ni9oaco aav. oiqwa sx^X cX Is9qqB 9dX gjs us I os t 9 X 8 ninri 9 X Xd;giiTT aXiiXs X 60 S 1 *' 3 ' lo SXlI9flj9XX0X9 HOB anc iae sq ©dX nsrfw ,eXxiiw b isXXb fey noqu 903X11 ad dXxjcw Xnerna^ nous ic XnaniXautda as ,y®wb ea.sq DXucxfa -xnovos Isociqia©!" 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