-~ DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY FIELD MANUAL ~ ~ b /Dl. c --, HEADQUARTERS, DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY MAY 1967 Effective 1 August 1967 *FM 22-6 HEADQUARTERS FIELD MANUAL l DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY No. 22-6 ~ WASHINGTON, D. C., 1 May, 1967 GUARD DUTY Paragraphs Page PART ONE. INTRODUCTION CHAPTER 1. GENERAL ---------------1, 2 3 2. TERMINOLOGY ----------3, 4 5 3. GUARD COMPOSITION 5-7 9, 10 PART Two. INTERIOR GUARD CHAPTER 4. ORDERS -----------------8-12 13-24 5. MAIN GUARD Section I. General ------------------13-15 25 II. Duties of personnel ________ 16-23 26-36 III. Patrol system -------------24-27 36, 37 IV. Fixed post system _________ 28-30 37, 38 CHAPTER 6. GUARD MOUNTING Section I. General ------------------31, 32 39 II. Guard mount(inspection only) ________ 33-36 39-41 III. Informal guard mounting __ 37-43 43-48 IV. Relieving the old guard ____ 44-48 50-53 V. Posting reliefs ____________ 49-51 55-63 VI. Formal guard mounting ____ 52-66 65-79 CHAPTER 7. SPECIAL GUARDS Section I. General ------------------67, 68 82 II. Park guards --------------69-73 82-84 III. Other special guards _______ 74-76 85 CHAPTER 8. FLAG CEREMONIES _____ 77, 78 86, 87 *This manual supersedes FM 26-5, 21 August 1956. AGO 7159C 1 Paragraphs PagePART THREE. EXTERIOR GUARD CHAPTER 9. FUNCTIONS OF EXTERIOR GUARD ____ 79-88 88-93 10. COUNTERSIGNS AND PAROLE WORDS-------89-94 95-97 APPENDIX A. REFERENCES -----------100 B. DETAILS AND ROSTERS --------------101 c. LEGEND OF SYMBOLS __ 109 D. SAFETY REGULATIONS _ 110 E. PRISONERS AND PRISONER GUARDS ___ 113 F. DETAILS OF AGREE-MENT FROM STANAG NO. 2042 (2d EDITION) AND CENTO STANAG NO. 2042 ______ 116 INDEX ---------------------------------120 2 AGO 7159C ~ PART ONE INTRODUCTION CHAPTER 1 GENERAL 1. Purpose and Scope: a. This manual is for personnel concerned with the organization and functions of interior and exterior guard. It includes orders, countersigns, parole words, and responsibility of the main guard including duties of personnel and methods of mounting the guard. The manual also discusses the duties and composition of special guards. b. As this manual is a guide and all possible situations and eventualities cannot be foreseen or covered by the manual, great reliance must be placed upon the application of sound judgment and common sense by all members of a guard and by all security personnel. In situations not covered by this manual and where doubt arises as to the proper action to be taken, the individual must consider his mission and apply sound judgment in making the required decision(s). c. The material in this manual is applicable to both nonnuclear and nuclear warfare. 2. Comments Users of this manual are encouraged to submit recommended changes or comments to im- AGO 7159C prove the manual. Comments should be keyed to the specific page, paragraph, and line of text in which the change is recommended. Reasons should be provided for each comment to insure understanding and complete evaluation. Comments should be forwarded direct to the Commandant, U.S. Army Infantry School, Fort Benning, Ga. 31905. AGO 7J69C CHAPTER 2 TERMINOLOGY 3. General The terminology relative to guard duty is listed below. This list points out words and phrases which have a particular meaning in this manual. 4. Terms a. Commanding Officer. The officer command'ing an installation, organization, unit, garrison, or bivouac. b. Field Officer of the Day. A field grade officer detailed as the personal representative of the commanding officer. During his tour of duty he is responsible to the commanding officer for the security of the installation or activity and other duties as may be assigned depending upon local directives. c. Officer of the Day. An officer, acting directly under the commanding officer or field officer of the day, who is responsible on a given day for the execution of all orders of the commanding officer relating to guard duty and other duties as may be assigned. d. Commander of the Guard. The senior officer or noncommissioned officer of the guard, next junior to the officer of the day. He is re- AGO 7159C 5 sponsible for the instruction, discipline, and performance of duty of the guard. e. Main Guard. Regular interior guard of a post or unit whose principal duties are to patrol the area and protect the personnel, buildings, and equipment. A main guard is a subdivision of the interior guard of a command. Other subdivisions include escort guard or honor guard, for example. f. Fixed Post System. Assigning sentinels to guard duty at fixed posts where they remain until relieved. g. Guard. A term used when referring to ( 1) A special unit responsible to the officer of the day for the protection and security of an installation or area. This unit includes a commander of the guard, sergeant of the guard, commanders of the relief, and the guards. (2) An individual responsible to keep watch over, protect, shield, defend, warn, or any duties prescribed by general orders and/or special orders. Also referred to as a sentinel, sentry, or lookout. (a) Sentinel. An individual of the guard whose duties are prescribed by general and/or special orders. Also referred to as a guard, sentry, or lookout. (b) Sentry. A guard, sentinel, or lookout. h. Guard's Post. An area for which the guard AGO 7159C is responsible. Within his post, a guard per~forms the duties required by general and special • orders. i. Supernumerary. An extra member of the guard who is used when needed to replace a guard or perform duties prescribed by local directives. j. Guardhouse. A building, tent, or other location occupied by men detailed for interior guard duty. It is the headquarters for the guard. k. Confinement Officer. The correctional officer, appointed by the commanding officer of a military installation, who is charged with the custody, administration, and treatment of prisoners. l. Stockade. A correctional facility, under the jurisdiction of an installation commander, used for the confinement of military prisoners. m. Challenge (app F). Any process carried out by one unit or person with the object of ascertaining the friendly or hostile character or identity of another. The command "HALT! WHO IS THERE?" is used to cause an unidentified party or person to halt and be identified. If an additional challenge is used, it follows the original challenge and consists of a word or distinctive sound disseminated only to friendly or authorized persons. n. Countersign (app F). A countersign consists of two words : the secret challenge and its password. The words comprising the countersign are issued from the principal headquarters AGO 7159C 7 of a command to aid guards in their scrutiny ofpersons who apply to pass (ch 10). These wordsare disseminated only to friendly personnel. (1) Challenge. The first word or part ofthe countersign, used to challenge a person or party. It is disseminated only tofriendly personnel. (2) Password. A secret word or distinctivesound used to reply to a challenge. Thesecond word or part of the countersign.It is used in answer to the challengeand is disseminated only to friendly personnel. (3) Parole. A special password used as acheck on the countersign. For a morecomplete explanation refer to chapter 10. 8 AGO 71500 CHAPTER 3 GUARD COMPOSITION 5. General The guard may be one of two types, interior guard (part two) or exterior guard (part three) . 6. Interior Guard An interior guard is detailed by commanders of military installations to protect property and enforce specific military regulations. The installation commander is responsible for the interior guard of the installation and he prescribes the composition of the guard. When brigades and separate units are responsible for an interior guard within their own areas, their composition, duties, and responsibilities are similar to those outlined in this manual. Commanders of units furnishing personnel for guard are responsible to insure that these men are qualified or familiar with the weapon they use on guard. The elements of an interior guard are classified according to their purpose. They include the main guard and special guards. The main guard consists of a combination of patrols and fixed posts. Special guards are used to protect parks, trains, boats, aircraft, and for other special purposes (fig. 1). AGO 7159C 9 INTERIOR GUARD Figure 1. General breakdown of interior guard. 7. Exterior Guard This is a term used in this manual to differentiate from interior guard. Exterior guards arethose guards whose duties and responsibilities aredifferent from those set down for interior guards.Exterior guard is not as formal and restricted asinterior guard. Classified as exterior guards arelookouts, listening posts, outposts, specifically designated patrols, and other guards in combat 10 AGO 7159C zones, field training areas, and guards outside the limits of a military installation. Exterior guards perform their duties as prescribed by special orders and instructions. AGO 7159C PART TWO INTERIOR GUARD CHAPTER 4 ORDERS 8. Classes of Orders A g.uard on post is governed by two types of orders : general orders and special orders. General orders outline the fundamental responsibilities of a guard while special orders instruct him in the actual performance of his duty while on post. General orders for both interior and exterior guards must be supplemented by realistic, detailed, and mission-oriented special orders carefully tailored for the specific post and situation from the viewpoint of security and sentry effectiveness and protection. The special orders for each post must be reviewed frequently to insure they do not become obsolete and that they are kept up to date. A special order may be added to a guard post for a specific length of time to cover a certain situation. At the end of the specified time, or on a certain date, the special order is removed from the post. 9. General Orders All interior guards are required to memorize, 12 AGO 7159C understand, and comply with the following general orders: a. No. 1. I will guard everything within the limits of my post and quit my post only when properly relieved. b. No. 2. I will obey my special orders and perform all my duties in a military manner. c. No. 3. I will report violations of my special orders, emergencies, and anything not covered in my instructions, to the commander of the relief. 10. Meaning of the General Orders a. No. 1-1 will guard everything within the limits of my post and quit my post only when properly relieved. (1) The guard is responsible for everything that occurs within the limits of his post while he is on duty. He is also responsible for all equipment and property located within the limits of his post. The exact limits of his post are defined by special orders. The special orders should also include every place a guard must go to perform his duties. (2) A guard investigates immediately every unusual or suspicious occurrence on or near his post providing he does not have to leave his post to do so. If necessary, the guard will contact the commander of the relief for instructions. (3) A guard apprehends all suspicious per- AGO 7169C 13 sons and all persons involved in a disorder occurring on or near his postproviding he does not have to leave hispost to do so. In apprehending persons,the guard uses only necessary force toovercome any resistance. Apprehensionof persons should be included in specialorders or guard instructions. All persons apprehended are turned over to thecommander of the relief. ( 4) All persons, regardless of rank, are required to respect members of the guardin the performance of their duties. ( 5) In case of fire, occurring on or nearhis post, the guard calls, "Fire, PostNumber (Two)." He alerts the occupants if it is an occupied building. Hegives the alarm or insures that analarm has been given. If possible, heextinguishes the fire. He helps directthe fire fighting apparatus to the fire.He notifies the guardhouse of his actionas soon as possible. ( 6) A guard reports any disorder occurringon or near his post. He takes police action as prescribed by his special ordersor guard instructions. If assistance isrequired, he calls, "The Guard, PostNumber (Four)." (7) If the danger is great, he fires hisweapon into the air three times in rapidsuccession before calling. When in 14 AGO 7159C structed to do so, guards give warnings of air, CBR, and other attacks. Guards should receive special training if they are to act as chemical, biological, and radiological ( CBR) sentinels while on post. (8) A guard will remain on post and continue to perform all duties required on that post until he is relieved by proper authority. (9) If a guard requires relief because of sickness or for any other reason, he notifies the commander of the relief and waits until he is replaced by another guard or has permission from proper authorities to leave. (10) If a guard is not relieved at the expiration of his tour of duty he does not abandon the post. He may communicate with the commander of the relief for instruction. (11) Guards leave their posts for meals as specifically directed by the commanding officer. Normally, this is accomplished by arranging for early and late meals for guards going on and coming off post. (12) When ordered by proper authority, or when prescribed in the special orders, a guard on the last relief of a post leaves the post at the proper time and returns to the guardhouse where he reports to AGO 7159C 15 the commander of the relief on duty. b. No. 2-I will obey my special orders and perform all my duties in a military manner. ( 1) A guard will familiarize himself with the special orders for his post prior to being posted. The guard will obey, execute, and enforce all special orders pertaining to his post. (2) In addition to his special orders, a guard is also responsible to obey and carry out any orders or instructions from the commanding officer, field officer of the day, and officers and noncommissioned officers of the guard. No other persons are authorized to give a guard orders or instructions. Any special instructions for a guard should be issued through the guard's chain of command. (3) Guards on post will pass instructions to their relief when appropriate. The information is also given to the commander of the relief. Example: A guard on duty at an ammunition dump discovers a hole in the fence during his tour of duty. Upon finding the hole, the commander of the relief is notified. The guard will pass this information to his relief so that special attention can be paid to that portion of the fence until the hole is repaired. ( 4) The special orders will specify the time for challenging. 16 AGO 7159C (a) Challenging one person or a group 1. If a guard sees any person on or near his post during the time for challenging, he positions himself so that he can control the situation. The guard should be out of sight if possible when he challenges a person. When the person is approximately 30 steps from the guard, the guard commands "HALT!" When the person has halted, the t h e guard asks, "W H 0 I S THERE?" The guard may advance toward the person while challenging to put himself in a better position. When the guard is in the best position from which to pass or apprehend the person, he requires the person to advance toward him, remain in position, or advance to a particular place, face toward the light, or to take any position necessary to determine whether the person should be passed or turned over to the guard. 2. If persons are in a vehicle, the guard proceeds as if they were on foot. If necessary to carry out his duties, he may have one or all of the passengers dismount. 9. The guard permits only one member of a group to approach him for identification. AGO 71590 17 #. The guard satisfies himself beyonda reasonable doubt that thosechallenged are what they representthemselves to be and that they havea right to pass. If he is not satisfied, he detains the persons andcalls the commander of the relief.Normally, the guard will accept areasonable answer for identification if the post is not a vital areaand the persons are not suspiciouslooking. 5. After halting a group and receiving an answer indicating that it isauthorized to pass, the guard says,"Advance one to be recognized."After he has recognized the oneadvanced, the guard says, "Advance Sgt. Smith," naming the person (or group) allowed to advance.If the answer is "Friends," theguard says, "Advance one to berecognized." After recognition hesays, "Advance friends." (b) Challenging two or more persons orgroups 1. If two or more persons or groupsapproach the guard's post fromdifferent directions at the sametime, they are halted in turn andremain halted until advanced bythe guard. 18 AGO 7159C AGO 7159C 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. When two or more groups are halted at the same time, the senior is advanced first. If a person or group has been advanced and is talking with the guard, the guard halts any other person or group that may approach, but advances no one until the person or group with whom he is talking leaves. He then advances the senior of the remaining group. A guard advances different persons or groups with the following priority: commanding officer, field officer of the day, officer of the day, officers of the guard, officers, patrols, reliefs, l'ioncommissioned officers of the guard in order of rank, and friends. A guard must always be alert and never allow himself to be surprised. He never permits two persons or groups to advance to his post at the same time. Confusing or misleading answers to a guard's challenge are not acceptable. However, the answer "Friend" is not considered misleading and is the usual answer of an inspecting officer or patrol when they do not wish to reveal their official capacity. (5) The guard will perform his duties in a military manner and serve as an example to others. ( 6) The guard is courteous to all persons. He will talk to no one except in the line of duty. When persons make proper inquiries of a guard, he answers them in a courteous manner. (7) When talking with a person, a guard armed with a rifle or carbine assumes the position of port arms. At night, a guard armed with a pistol assumes the position of raise pistol when talking with a person. Normally, during daylight hours, a guard armed with a pistol does not draw his pistol when talking with someone. (8) A guard on an interior guard post maintains an erect and soldierly bearing. The weapon is carried in a manner prescribed by the commanding officer or commander of the guard. (9) The guards on post salute as prescribed in AR 600-25, with the following exceptions: (a) No salute is given by a guard who is engaged in a specific duty, the performance of which prevents saluting. (b) A guard at raise pistol does not salute after challenging. He remains at raise pistol until the challenged party has passed. 20 AGO 7159C (c) A guard with a sentry dog does not salute. (10) Interior guards armed with a rifle will present arms if it is a prescribed method of rendering honors with that weapon, otherwise they render the appropriate salute. After rendering the appropriate salute they remain at port arms until the challenged party has passed. If the challenged person is an officer, the guard remains at port arms during any conversation. Upon the officer's departure, the guard executes the proper position of the manual of arms and resumes his guard duties. (11) During -the hours for challenging, a guard would execute the same movements as prescribed in (10) above, after recognizing an officer. (12) A guard talking with an officer does not interrupt the conversation to salute another officer; however, if the officer salutes a senior, the guard also salutes. ( 13) During his tour of duty, a guard is required to execute orders of no one but the commanding officer, field officer of the day, officer of the day, and officers and noncommissioned officers of the guard; however, any officer may investigate apparent violations of regulations by members of the guard. In the event of an inspecting officer, or any AGO 7159C other person in the military service, finding an irresponsible guard on post, it is his duty to notify the commander of the guard or a noncommissioned officer of the guard and stay on the post until a qualified guard is posted (art. 113, Uniform Code of Military Justice). (14) A guard surrenders his weapon to, and only on order of, a person from whom he lawfully receives orders while on post. These persons should not order a guard to surrender his weapon for inspection or any other purpose, unless an emergency exists. c. No. 3-1 will report violations of my special orders, emergencies, and anything not covered in my instructions, to the commander of the relief. ( 1) A guard reports all violations of his special orders to the commander of the relief. He apprehends the offender, if necessary. (2) A guard reports all emergencies that occur on or near his post. The guard will take whatever action is prescribed by his special orders or guard instructions. Anytime the guard is in doubt as to what action to take, or it is not covered in his special orders, he will call the commander of the relief for instructions or assistance. (3) In case of fire, the guard will take action as prescribed in a(5) above. 11. Special Orders a. Special orders are established by the commanding officer and differ from various posts, depending upon the nature of the area being guarded. They are based on the following considerations : ( 1) Realism. Special orders are designed for a particular post, since two posts on an installation are seldom identical. The orders for each post are devised to provide increased protection for the sentinel concerned by locating him behind natural or artificial obstacles which make surprise difficult. This calls for flexible and imaginative planning when drawing up special orders. For example: Ammunition dump security at a critical installation would be more elaborate and tactically oriented than security of a post exchange. (2) Clarity. Special orders should be stated in plain language that can be clearly understood by the guard on post. The commander of the relief clarifies any doubt as to their meaning before posting a guard. b. The commanding officer is responsible for keeping the special orders up to date and publishes any changes immediately. c. Copies of special orders are continuously and conspicuously posted in the guardhouse for reference. A copy of the special orders may be AGO 7159C posted on a fixed post or the guard may be re • quired to carry a copy of the special orders with • him while on duty. d. The special orders for each guard post should explain (or diagram) the post location, boundaries, and any particular orders for the post, including those conditions under which force will be used. e. Additional special orders received by a guard before going on guard and while on post are passed on to the guard who relieves him. These additional orders may be written or oral. 12. Inspection of a Guard by an Officer When a guard is asked by an inspecting officer, "What are your orders?" the proper answer is : "Sir, my orders are of two classes, general and special. My general orders are: Number One: I will guard everything within the limits of my post and quit my post only when properly re lieved. Number Two: ...." and he continues to recite his general orders until he is stopped by the officer or until he has recited all of his gener al orders. He should be able to answer any ques tions pertaining to the special orders for his post. AGO 7159C CHAPTER 5 MAIN GUARD Section I. GENERAL 13. Composition The main guard consists of patrols, fixed posts, and a reserve. Either patrols or fixed posts, or a combination of the two, may be used. In any case, the main guard maintains a reserve (para 27). 14. Strength The main guard consists of one officer of the day ; one or more commanders of the guard ; one or more sergeants of the guard; a relief commander for each relief; and the necessary num 1ber of guards. The number of guards needed for routine daytime duty is ordinarily much smaller than the number required at night or on Sundays and holidays. When it is necessary to have increased supervision and control of a relief, an assistant commander of the guard and an assistant sergeant of the guard may be detailed. 15. Arms and Equipment a. Guards are armed and equipped according AGO 7159C to their particular duty. Rifles, carbines, pistols, shotguns (FM 19-60), riot clubs (FM 19-5), or other weapons are used. Guards must be qualified to use the weapon with which they are armed. If they are not armed with their individual weapon, they must be familiar with the weapon with which they are armed (shotguns, riot clubs). b. Guards cover their posts on foot, in motor vehicles, or by other types of transportation; however, the exact method is prescribed by the commanding officer. Section II. DUTIES OF PERSONNEL 16. Commanding Officer a. The commanding officer details a guard sufficient to provide for the security of personnel, government property, and buildings within his jurisdiction. He requires a vigilant and thorough performance of guard duty. The commanding officer gives his orders, or has them given by his representative, to the officer of the day and prescribes regulations and special orders for the guard. b. Daily, at a designated time and place, the commanding officer, or his representative, receives the reports of the officers of the day. He, or his representative, examines the guard report, relieves the old officer of the day, and gives the new officer of the day his instructions. c. At those installations where confinement facilities are available, the commanding officer supervises the stockade and prisoners personally AGO 7159C to insure compliance with the articles of the Uniform Code of Military Justice and AR 633-5. He specifies the duties of the confinement officer and the officer of the day with respect to prisoners. d. The commanding officer's responsibility for safety regulations is given in appendix D. 17. Field Officer of the Day a. A field grade officer is detailed as field officer of the day. During his tour of duty he is the commanding officer's personal representative. b. His tour begins when he reports, to the commanding officer or his representative, for duty and terminates when he is relieved by the same authority. The usual tour of duty for the field officer of the day is 24 hours. c. He is assigned various duties pertaining to the security of the command depending upon local directives. Normally, one of these duties is to supervise the interior guard and parallels closely the responsibilities of the officer of the day (para 18). His primary concern, in his role as a supervisor, is to see that the guard performs its assigned tasks. 18. Officer of the Day a. The officer of the day is responsible for the proper performance of duty by the main guard and, when so directed, for other guards. He is charged with executing all orders of the commanding officer relating to guard duty. b. His tour begins when he receives the instructions of the commanding officer and ends AGO 7159C when he is relieved by the same authority. The usual tour is 24 hours. c. In the absence of special instructions from the commanding officer, the officer of the day inspects the guard and guards on post as often during the day and night as he considers necessary; however, he inspects them at least once between midnight and daylight. d. Whenever he considers it necessary, he directs the commander of the guard and noncommissioned officers of the guard to inspect the guards on post. e. In case of alarm, he acts immediately to protect life and government property and to preserve order. If necessary, he uses the guard to assist him. f. In the performance of his duties, he takes orders· only from the commanding officer or field officer of the day; however, during an emergency when there is great danger, the senior officer present may give orders to the officer of the day for the use of the guard. g. At those installations where confinement facilities are available, the officer of the day verifies the count of prisoners and inspects the stockade and premises as directed by the commanding officer. He makes at least one inspection between midnight and daylight. h. He signs the guard report, adding to it his own remarks, and submits it daily to the commanding officer. i. The old and new officers of the day report to the commanding officer, or his representative, AGO 7159C immediately after guard mount. Upon presenting themselves, the old officer of the day stands on the right of the new and both salute. The old officer of the day salutes again and reports, "Sir, Captain Jones reports as old officer of the day," and presents the guard report. As soon as he is relieved, the old officer of the day salutes and leaves. The new officer of the day then salutes and reports, "Sir, Captain Smith reports as new officer of the day." After receiving his instructions, the new officer of the day salutes and leaves. j. The officer of the day is responsible for the property of the guard. He conducts a joint inventory of property with the old officer of the day to determine the presence and serviceability of the guard property. k. The officer of the day keeps the guard informed of his location at all times. l. His responsibility for safety regulations appears in appendix IV. 19. Commander of the Guard a. The commander of the guard is responsible for the instruction, discipline, and performance of the guard. He is also responsible for the security of ammunition and weapons of that part of the guard not on post. b. He obeys the orders of the commanding officer, field officer of the day, and officer of the day. He reports to the officer of the day any additional orders given to the guard by himself or other authorized persons. He gives his sue- AGO 7159C cessor all of the instructions and information about his duties. c. The commander of the guard makes sure that all members of the guard are correctly instructed in their orders and duties and that they understand and properly perform them. He questions all members of the guard about the instructions they may have received, including the use of the countersign (ch. 10). d. He inspects the guard as directed by the officer of the day, making certain that patrols and guards on fixed posts do their duties. He assures himself that the men, their arms, and their equipment are in proper condition. For inspections by other officers, the commander of the guard prepares the guard in each case as directed by the inspecting officer. He inspects each relief daily while it is on post and as often as prescribed by higher authority and makes at least one of these visits between midnight and daylight. He insures that the special orders for each post and member of the guard are posted in the guardhouse and, if practicable, on each post. e. When both old and new guards are at the guardhouse, the commander of the guard who is senior in rank is responsible for proper action in case of emergency. f. When the commander of the guard leaves the guardhouse for any reason, he informs the next subordinate in command and the commander of the relief on post of his destination and prob- AGO 7159C able time of return. Except in emergencies, the commander of the guard may divide night duty with the next in command; however, he retains his responsibility. The person on watch must be on the alert constantly. g. When an alarm is raised, the commander of the guard forms the reserve as soon as practicable. If the situation is serious he notifies the officer of the day, field officer of the day, and commanding officer. h. He makes certain that guard details for raising and lowering the tlag at reveille and retreat, and for firing salute guns, are organized in time to carry out these duties (ch. 8). He sees that the tlags are kept in the best possible condition and that they are never handled except in the performance of duty. When tlags are not in a serviceable condition, he reports that fact to the officer of the day. i. He makes sure that all guards are relieved on time. j. Unless otherwise ordered, he may permit members of the guard to leave the guardhouse when not on post. This does not include the reserve. k. He holds at the guardhouse all persons apprehended or taken into custody by members of the guard. He reports the circumstances to the officer of the day who decides what action to take. l. When any person is apprehended by members of the guard, the commander of the guard insures that the person has been searched for AGO 7159C unauthorized articles and reports the facts to the officer of the day immediately. m. He prepares the guard report and presents it daily to the officer of the day. n. He prescribes the duties of the assist;ant commander of the guard when such an officer is detailed. o. His responsibility for safety regulations appears in appendix D. 20. Sergeant of the Guard a. The sergeant of the guard is the senior noncommissioned officer of the guard. He performs the duties and assumes the responsibilities of the commander of the guard, if there has been no officer so detailed. b. He supervises the other enlisted members of the guard, and is familiar with their orders and duties. c. He insures that the property of the guard is properly cared for. d. Each day he prepares duplicate lists of the names of the noncommissioned officers and sentinels of the guards, showing the reliefs and posts or duties of each. He keeps one list and gives the other to the commander of the guard. e. He makes sure that all reliefs are turned out for posting at the proper time. f. He checks to see that the relief commanders understand their duties thoroughly and carry them out promptly and efficiently. g. He insures that other noncommissioned of- AGO 7159C 32 fleers of the guard inspect the guard as prescribed. h. When he is absent temporarily from the guardhouse, he directs the commander of the relief on duty to act as sergeant of the guard. i. If the relief commander whose relief is on post is called away from the guardhouse, the sergeant of the guard replaces him temporarily or appoints another noncommissioned officer to carry out the duties of the absent relief commander (para 21). j. He is responsible for the proper policing of the guardhouse and the grounds around the guardhouse. k. He reports to the commander of the guard anything suspicious or unusual and notifies him of all persons apprehended by the guard. l. He forms the guard whenever necessary. m. His responsibility for safety regulations appears in appendix D. 21. Relief Commander a. Relief commanders are the next senior noncommissioned officers of the guard. b. They receive and obey orders only from the commanding officer, field officer of the day, officer of the day, commander of the guard, and the sergeant of the guard. c. Each relief commander assigns the members of his relief to posts. These assignments are not changed except by the commander of the guard or higher authority. d. Daily, each relief commander makes a dupli- AGO 7lo~C cate list of the members of his relief, including himself. He gives one copy to the sergeant of the guard and keeps the other. This list shows the number of the relief, the post to which each member is assigned, and the member's name and organization. e. The commander of the. relief instructs his relief as to their orders and duties and makes certain that each guard understands them. He familiarizes himself with the special duties of every guard on his relief. f. He reports immediately to the sergeant of the guard all violations of regulations and unusual occurrences. g. At least one noncommissioned officer is kept constantly on the alert at the guardhouse, usually the relief commander whose relief is on post. This noncommissioned officer takes his post (as prescribed) in the guardhouse and does not fall in with the guard when it is formed. He keeps his weapon constantly with him. When necessary for him to leave his post, he notifies the sergeant of the guard, who takes his place or designates another noncommissioned officer to do so. He makes sure that no person enters the guardhouse without authority. h. He goes at once to any guard who calls for the commander of the relief. i. He is responsible for calling his own relief and forming it promptly when the guard is turned out. j. He makes sure that tents or bunks for his 34 AGO 7159C relief are located close together so that he can find all the members of his relief and turn them out quickly and without confusion. k. He awakens the commander whose relief is next on post in time to form and post the relief at the prop~r hour (para 50). l. During the time for challenging, he challenges all suspicious persons he may observe. He advances them using the method described for guards on post (para 10b(4)). m. He examines persons halted and detained by a guard. If he doubts their authority to be there, he takes them to the sergeant of the guard or the commander of the guard. n. He apprehends all suspicious persons, disturbers of the peace, and persons caught, or suspected of, committing a crime. Persons apprehended by the commander of the relief or by guards are taken to the commander of the guard at once. o. His responsibility for safety regulations appears in appendix D. 22. Guards a. Privates and specialists are normally assigned posts. Noncommissioned officers may be assigned posts at the discretion of the commanding officer. b. Guards are assigned to reliefs by the sergeant of the guard and to posts by the commander of their relief. Guards are not changed from one relief to another without authority. c. They must memorize, understand, and com- AGO 71590 ply with the general orders for guards. In addition, guards must understand and comply with special orders applying to their particular posts, including the use of the countersign and parole word (ch. 10), if they are in effect. d. When a guard is posted at the guardhouse he is guard No. 1. While on post he has direct access to the commander of the relief. His general orders are the same as those for other guards. e. The observance of safety regulations by guards is explained in appendix D. 23. Color Guards When the colors are unfurled and posted outdoors, guards may be furnished. They are detailed and governed by the same regulations as other members of the main guard. Sedion Ill. PATROL SYSTEM 24. General a. The patrol system is used in the main guard wherever practicable and is most suitable when large areas are guarded. Motor transportation is used whenever possible. The functioning of patrols is checked by timeclocks or periodic reporting by telephone, in person, or by other means, and by frequent inspections. If practicable, patrols are quartered together, generally at the guardhouse, and a system of wire or radio communication is provided between patrols and the guardhouse. b. Regulations for the duties, conduct, strength, AGO 7159C and posting of the patrol elements of the guard are published by the commanding officer to suit local conditions. 25. Personnel The commanding officer determines the size of patrols. Certain key men may obtain permanently on guard duty while the others may be detailed semipermanently. Generally, each patrol consists of two guards. 26. Reliefs The daily tour for each patrol is ordinarily from 6 to 8 hours, and each relief is inspected before going on duty. The patrols move directly to their posts from the guardhouse. One patrol relieves another by meeting at a particular point at a prearranged time. The patrol relieved reports back to the guardhouse immediately. 27. Reserve A reserve large enough to meet any local emergency is maintained at the guardhouse. The commanding officer prescribes the strength and conduct of the reserve. Sedion IV. FIXED POST SYSTEM 28. General The fixed post system may be used to complement the patrol system. Normally, the fixed post guard is changed daily, and guards are relieved at their posts every 2 hours. Usually, posts are covered on foot in this system. AGO 7159C 29. Personnel The duties of all personnel in a fixed post system of interior guard duty are described in paragraphs 16 through 23. 30. Fixed Post Reserve Normally, the reliefs not on post are the fixed post reserve: It is large enough to meet any local emergency and is maintained at the guardhouse. The commanding officer prescribes the strength and conduct of the reserve. 38 . AGO 7159C CHAPTER 6 GUARD MOUNTING Sedion I. GENERAL 31. Requirements Uniform, arms, and equipment for guard mounts are prescribed by the commanding officer. If armed, guards must have completed range firing (qualification or familiarization) or training (app D) with the weapon they use on guard duty. 32. Forming the Guard Detail The first sergeants of the companies furnishing guard details form the guard detail in the .company area. Each first sergeant verifies the detail to include verification that weapons qualification or familiarization requirements have been met, inspects it, replaces men who do not present a good appearance or have not qualified with their weapon, .and orders the senior member to march the detail to the assembly area. Section II. GUARD MOUNT (INSPECTION ONLY) 33. General Guard mount may consist of an inspection only. This inspection is normally conducted in the vicinity of the guardhouse. The officers and non- AGO 7159C 39 commissioned officers of the guard are detailed for a specific duty by roster. 34. Assembly of the Guard The senior member of the guard detail reports the detail to the sergeant of the guard when it arrives at the assembly area. The sergeant of the guard organizes the guard into three reliefs and appoints a relief commander for each relief. The commanders of the relief organize their reliefs into specific, numbered posts. Extra personnel or supernumeraries, if detailed, form to the left of the guard. Where feasible, the guard is organized in a manner that maintains unit integrity; e.g., if one unit furnishes the guard, members of the relief are from the same subelement; if more than one unit furnishes the guard, reliefs are organized by unit (1st relief, Co. A; 2d relief, Co. B). 35. Formation of the Guard a. The sergeant of the guard forms the guard by commanding FALL IN. The commander of the first relief falls in so that when his relief is formed at normal interval to his left, it will be three steps in front of and centered on the sergeant of the guard. The second and third reliefs form behind the first relief, each man covering the corresponding numbered man in the first relief. Extra personnel and supernumeraries form to the left of the guard at normal interval. The sergeant of the guard commands INSPECTION, ARMS; PORT, ARMS; ORDER, ARMS. 40 AGO 7159C Note. Preparatory commands appear in SMALL CAPITAL letters; commands of execution, combined commands, and directives in LARGE CAPITALS. b. The commander of the guard takes his post six steps in front of and centered on the guard. The sergeant of the guard faces about, renders the appropriate salute and reports, "Sir, all present," or, "Sir, (so many) men absent." After the commander of the guard returns the salute, the sergeant of the guard faces about, faces to the half left in marching from a halt, marches to a position at normal interval to the right of the first relief commander, halts facing the rear, and faces about. If he is armed he executes the appropriate manual of arms (FM 22-5) when he takes his post to the right of the first relief commander. The officer of the day takes his post 18 steps in front of and centered on the guard. The commander of the guard faces about, salutes and re ports "Sir, all present," or, "Sir, (so many) men absent." The officer of the day returns the salute and directs PREPARE FOR INSPECTION. 36. Preparing the Guard for Inspection a. On the directive PREPARE FOR INSPECTION the commander of the guard faces about without saluting, commands OPEN RANKS, MARCH, and alines the guard (ch 8, FM 22-5). When . the commander of the guard is at his post three steps in front of the sergeant of the guard, the officer of the day inspects the guard. b. During the inspection the officer of the day orders guards who are not presentable to fall out AGO 7159C of the formation and report back to their first sergeants. When a man is relieved the officer of the day commands SUPERNUMERARY. The supernumerary (if any) will move from his position to the post vacated. When he is in position he comes to inspection arms. The supernumerary takes his post by taking one step backward, faces to the left or right, comes to port arms, and moves in the rear of the relief so that he will approach the vacated position from the left rear. He halts, comes to order arms, moves into position and immediately comes to inspection arms. The officer of the day inspects the supernumerary then proceeds with the inspection. c. After inspecting the guard, the officer of the day resumes his original position 18 steps in front of and centered on the guard. The commander of the guard returns to his post three steps in front of the sergeant of the guard. d. If an orderly is to be selected, the officer of the day will announce his selection. He then commands TAKE CHARGE OF THE GUARD. Salutes are exchanged and the officer of the day departs. The commander of the guard faces to the left, commands CLOSE RANKS, J.JARCH, and repositions himself six steps in front of and centered on the guard. He faces the guard and commands FALL OUT. The guards move into the guardhouse. The commander of the first relief prepares his relief to be posted. The orderly, if one was selected, reports to the commander of the guard for instructions. e. If no officer is detailed as officer of the day, 42 AGO 7159C the commander of the guard inspects the guard. The sergeant of the guard assumes the duties of the commander of the guard. If no officer of the day or commander of the guard is detailed, the sergeant of the guard prepares the guard for inspection and inspects it. Section Ill. INFORMAL GUARD MOUNTING 37. General Informal guard mounting is held on the parade ground of the organization from which the guard is detailed. When the guard is detailed from more than one organization, it is held wherever the commanding officer directs. When a noncommissioned officer commands the guard at guard mount, he takes the post and performs the duties prescribed -for an officer. 38. Assembly of the Guard The guard is assembled and organized as prescribed in paragraph 34. 39. Formation of the Guard a. The guard is formed as prescribed in paragraph 35a. b. If an officer has been detailed as commander of the guard, the sergeant of the guard faces about, renders the appropriate salute and reports, "Sir, all present," or, "Sir (so many) men absent." After the commander of the guard returns the salute the sergeant of the guard faces about, faces to the half right in marching, and marches AGO 7159C around the left flank of the guard to a positionwhich is at normal distance behind the commander of the third relief (fig. 2). If the sergeantof the guard is armed with a rifle, he marches tohis post at right shoulder arms. Upon haltingbehind the third relief commander he comes toorder arms and faces to the left. c. If an officer has not been detailed as commander of the guard, the sergeant of the guardtakes three steps forward and assumes the position of the commander of the.guard (fig. 2). 40. Reporting to the Office of the Day When the officer of the day arrives, the commander of the guard salutes and reports, "Sir,all present," or, "Sir, (so many) men absent." 41. Marching to Center a. The officer of the day commands OFFICERAND NONCOMMISSIONED OFFICERS CENTER,MARCH. On the command CENTER, the noncommissioned officer farthest to the rear commands the other noncommissioned officers,RIGHT SHOULDER, ARMS. On the commandMARCH, the commander of the guard marchesforward and halts three steps in front of theofficer of the day. The noncommissioned officersmarch forward and execute column left withoutcommand when on a line three steps to the rearof the commander of the guard. The noncommissioned officer in the rear commands the othernoncommissioned officers to halt and face to theright (at right shoulder arms) when they are cen 44 AGO 7159C P:~----...------ooill(-..._. ~ ' CDDDDDDDD I I CDDDDDDDD + g NEW GUARD I • •I ~ 1B 0 ~STEPS ' 18 STEPS r-----.., ~-J--,1 lNEW GUARDi---•-----·-------tlNEW GUARD I L _____ J L _____ ..J FOR SYMBOLS I l 5 SEE FIGURE 19 -Figure 6. Formation of the guard at the guardhouse."' MARCH, he steps out of the formation and positions himself six steps in the rear of and centered on his guard. He halts the new guard when it is on line with and six steps to the right of the old guard. Then he commands ORDER, ARMS; ABOUT, FACE; LEFT FLANK MAN FIRST RELIEF VERIFY SIX STEP INTERVALS; DRESS LEFT, DRESS (fig. 6). b. At the command DRESS, each man turns his ·head and eyes to the left (except the left flank men who look to the front), raises his left arm laterally, shoulder high, fingers extended and joined, and touches the man's shoulder to his immediate left. The left flank man of the first relief is the base for this movement. The first relief obtains the exact interval. Other reliefs obtain approximate interval and cover the. same numbered man to their front. c. At the command DRESS, the commander of the guard marches by the most direct route to the right flank of the guard, halts facing the rear, on line and one step to the right of the sergeant of the guard. He faces to the right and alines the guard as described in chapter 6, FM 22-5. d. After alining the last relief, the commander of the guard faces to the right in marching and moves to a position three steps in advance of the right flank of the guard, halts, faces to the left, and commands READY, FRONT. At the command FRONT, each man lowers his arm (quietly) to his side and turns his head and eyes back to the front. The commander of the guard takes his AGO 7159C post six steps in front of and centered on the guard. 46. Presenting New and Old Guards After the new guard is in position, the commanders of both guards face about and command PRESENT, ARMS. Then they face each other and exchange salutes, face toward their respective guards, command ORDER, ARMS, and face back to the front. 47. Presenting the Guards to the OHice of the Day a. After the new guard has been presented to the old guard, the new and old officers of the day take their posts 18 steps in front of and centered on their respective guards. Commanders of both guards face about, command PRESENT, ARMS, face back to the front, and salute their respective officer of the day. b. Mter salutes have been exchanged, both commanders face about, command ORDER, ARMS, and face back to the front. When both have faced back to the front, the officers of the day face each other. The new officer of the day salutes the old officer of the day. After salutes have been exchanged, both officers of the day face their respective guards. 48. Disposition of the New and Old Guards a. After both officers of the day have faced their guards, the new officer of the day commands POST THE FIRST RELIEF. The new commander salutes the new officer of the day, faces AGO 7159C about, and commands FALL OUT. The guard reports to the guardhouse and the commander of the first relief reports to the commander of the guard for instructions on posting his relief. b. The old officer of the day commands DISMISS THE GUARD. The old commander salutes the old officer of the day, faces about, and commands REST. He then contacts the new commander and conveys any instructions and orders. (1) If the old guard was furnished from one company, the commander of the old guard directs a noncommissioned officer of the guard to march the guard to the company area and dismiss it. The non commissioned officer dismisses the guard by commanding INSPECTION, ARMS; PORT, ARMS; DISMISSED. (2) If the guard was furnished from more than one company, the old commander instructs the senior member of each company to march the guard detail to the company area and dismiss it. The guard is dismissed as described in (1) above. ( 3) After the third relief of the old guard has been relieved, the commander of the relief reports to the commander of the new guard. The commander of the new guard inspects the relief and orders the relief commander to march the relief to the company area and dismiss it. Salutes are exchanged. The relief is dismissed in accordance with ( 1) above. Section v. POSTING RELIEFS 49. General a. Before a relief goes on post, the commander of the relief assembles the guards and checks their appearances, fitness for duty, and the condition of their arms, if carried. He issues ammunition, supervises loading the weapons if required, and makes sure that the guards understand their instructions. When the relief is large, it may be more convenient to form the relief, call the roll, and inspect the guards in ranks. b. The relief commander writes down the names of the guards, the number of their posts, the time he directed them to their posts, and the time they report back to the guardhouse after being relieved. The commander of the guard keeps this record on file. 50. Posting Guards a. The commander of the relief forms it by commanding FALL IN. The relief forms in two ranks, three steps in front of and centered on the relief commander. Guards assigned to even numbered posts (2, 4, 6, 8) form in the front rank. Guards assigned to odd numbered posts (1, 3, 5, 7) form in the rear rank. The commander of the old relief falls in at normal distance behind the guard for post No. 1 (fig. 7). (1) The commander of the new relief com- AGO 7159C ~-COMMANDER OLD RELIEF 3 STEPS l ~-COMMANDER NEW RELIEF FOR SYMBOLS, SEE FIGURE 19 Figure 7. Forming the relief. mands INSPECTION, ARMS, (if arms are to be loaded, he gives the necessary commands at this time and makes certain that safety procedures are carefully observed) ; PORT, ARMS; ORDER, ARMS. (2) He commands CALL, OFF. The guards call off the number of their assigned posts, rear to front and from right to left. (3) He salutes and reports to the commander of the guard, "Sir, the (first) relief is present and ready to be posted," or, "Sir (so many) men absent." If the 56 AGO 7159C commander of the guard is a noncommissioned officer, the commander of the new relief salutes and reports, "Sergeant, the (first) relief is present and ready to be posted," or, "Sergeant, (so many) men absent." (4) After the commander of the guard (sergeant of the guard) commands POST YOUR RELIEF, salutes are again exchanged. The commander of the new relief commands RIGHT, FACE; RIGHT SHOULDER, ARMS (if appropriate); and FORWARD, MARCH. He marches to the OLD SENTINEL ........r...., r ...... -r--, / I ' I I \ { I \._ I I 1 \ I I 3STEP5' I I ' I / I \ I I '...,.J_.... ~ .-------\ ' ...... .L ............ I ~ : 1 t I (/) I I I I ID L ____ _J ~ ~ I I DI DO 1 Formation for posting guards Figure 8. Posting and relieving guards . .. AGO 7159C 57 left of the last man, left file, at normal interval while the commander of the old relief marches on the right of the first man, right file, at normal interval (1, fig. 8). b. During daylight hours, the commander of the new relief halts his relief six steps from the old guard and commands NUMBER ONE (TWO, or THREE). The new guard (called) marches forward and halts three steps in front of the old guard. If armed with the rifle or carbine, he executes port arms. Both relief commanders advance and halt so that they are three steps apart and centered between the twq guards. Then they execute a left (right) face and face each other (2, fig. 8) . When the guard (called) marches forward, the other guards behind him in the formation move forward to fill his position. ( 1) The commander of the new relief commands TRANSMIT YOUR ORDERS, and the old guard transmits any changes in orders occurring during his tour or states, "Post and orders remain the same." The new relief commander then asks the new guard, "Do you understand your orders?" If the new guard understands his orders he replies, "Yes, I ·do." If not, the new relief commander clarifies the order or has the old guard explain. (2) The commander of the new relief commands GUARDS, POST. At the command AGO 7169C .-----, OLD I -I I I :> G'l SENTINEL I I 0 L-----...J ;::! "' "' 0 I STEPS--r "" I ' / ' _,I I I I ' \ I \ I I I \ 1 / 3 STEPS '-I / '--1-"' ' r-----, I I NEW ~ I I SENTINEL -I I I L------.J 2 Relieving old guard . \II Figure 8-Continued. ..0 POST, both guards resume right shoulder arms, or sling arms if appropriate,face the new commander, and marchbackward until they are on line with thecommander of the old relief. c. The commander of the new relief commandsto his relief FORWARD, MARCH. The commanderof the old relief takes two steps backward to clearthe old guards (2, fig. 8). The relief marchesbetween the relief commanders and the reliefcommanders take their original positions as itpasses them. ( 1) The old guard takes his place at the rearof the relief as it passes him. (2) The new guard stands fast until therelief has passed six steps beyond himand then he walks his post, or takes hisprescribed position. d. The commander of the old relief takes command when his last squad has been relieved. ( 1) The commander of the new relief has theguard transmit his orders then commands RELIEF COMMANDERS, POST. Bothcommanders exchange positions by passing each other right shoulder to rightshoulder, halting, and facing about. Bothguards stand fast (3, fig. 8). (2) After the relief commanders face about,the commander of the old relief commands GUARDS, POST. At the commandPOST, both guards resume right shoulder arms, or sling arms if appropriate, 60 AGO 7169C r"'----- OLD 1I :ISENTINEL 1--I I L-----_j ,..-----., NEW II II SENTINEL 1--I :L-------J S Relief commanders exchanging positions Figure 8-Continued. face the commander of the old relief, and march backward until they are on line with the commander of the new relief. (a) The commander of the old relief commands (to his relief) FORWARD, MARCH. (b) The commander of the new relief takes two steps backward to clear the old guard. The relief advances, the relief commanders take their new positions, and the old guard takes his place at the rear of the relief as it passes him. e. When the old relief returns to the guard- AGO 7159C 61 house, the commander of the old relief commandsRELIEF, HALT, and the commander of the newrelief falls out and takes his post in the guardhouse. (1) The commander of the old relief commands INSPECTION, ARMS, (if weaponsare loaded, they are unloaded at thistime and safety procedures are carefullyobserved) ; PORT, ARMS; DISMISSED.He reports to the commander of theguard that his relief has been relievedand is present in the guardhouse. (2) If the old relief was the third relief ofthe old guard, the relief commander dismisses his relief in accordance withparagraph 48b (3). f. During the hours of challenging, the commander of the new relief halts the relief whenthe guard challenges "HALT!" "WHO ISTHERE?" The commander answers, "Relief."The guard commands, "ADVANCE OLD RELIEF COMMANDER TO BE RECOGNIZED."The old relief commander advances until theguard commands HALT ! After he recognizes therelief commander, he commands ADVANCE RELIEF. The new relief commander marches therelief forward and halts it six steps from the oldguard. The procedure for relieving the old guardis the same as in b above, except that when a newguard is armed with a pistol he comes to raisepistol after halting and when posted returns hispistol. 62 AGO 7159C g. If transportation is utilized to post the relief, the guards are posted and relieved using the procedure described in f above. The old and new relief commanders and the guard to be posted are the only members of the relief who dismount. 51. Posting Other Reliefs a. To post a relief when there is no guard on the post, the commander forms his relief as prescribed in paragraphs 50a(l), (2), and (3). ( 1) He halts the relief six steps from the limits of the post concerned and commands NUMBER ONE, (TWO, or THREE) . The guard called takes three steps forward, halts, executes port arms if armed with the rifle or carbine, and faces to the left. The commander advances three steps in front of the relief, halts, and faces to the right, facing the guard. The guard, if armed with a pistol, executes raise pistol after facing to the left. (2) The relief commander asks, "Do you understand your orders?" If he understands the orders, the guard replies, "Yes, I do." If not, the commander explains as necessary. (3) The relief commander commands POST. The guard executes right shoulder, sling arms, or return pistol, as appropriate, marches backward far enough to clear the relief, and walks his post when the relief is six steps beyond him. AGO 7159C (4) The commander commands to the relief, FORWARD, MARCH, and resumes his original position as the relief passes him. b. The officer of the day can authorize the reliefs to be divided into small groups, placing each group under a noncommissioned officer for posting; have guards posted individually; or, use a combination of these two methods. (1) If guards are posted individually, the relief commander orders, "Guard, take your post." (2) If guards are posted as a group, the relief commander orders, "Take your posts." Each guard then proceeds directly to his post. Guards relieve each other at a specified point and transmit changes in orders. (3) A guard relieved individually proceeds directly to the guardhouse and reports to the commander of the old relief. The last guard on a post from which he will not be relieved by another guard proceeds directly to the guardhouse at a designated time. c. The relief may be posted by only the new relief commander. The procedure is as described above except the old relief commander is not present. The new relief commander marches the old relief back to the guardhouse and dismisses them (para 48b (8)). 64 AGO n;; (!) Q .... u. "' UJ UJ .~ !/) tit, u) ...J 0 m ::::i! > !/) a:: f( 68 AGO 7159C t takes his post behind the second platoon in the same position as prescribed for the commander of the guard.) The sergeant of the guard faces about and reports to the sergeant major, "All present," or, "(so many) men absent." Salutes are exchanged and the sergeant major commands POST. The sergeant of the guard faces about, faces to the half right in marching, and marches around the left flank of the guard to his post which is at normal distance behind the commander of the third relief (fig. 9). b. Ifthere is an assistant sergeant of the guard present, he executes the movements in a above at the command POST, and posts himself directly behind the commander of the third relief. In this case, the sergeant of the guard positions himself behind the assistant sergeant of the guard at normal distance (fig. 10). 58. Sergeant Major's Report a. After the sergeant major commands POST, he faces about and reports to the adjutant, "Sir, all present," or, "Sir, (so many) men absent." Salutes are exchanged. The sergeant major faces about, marches to his post, and halts at normal interval to the left of the left flank man of the first rank, and faces about. If there are two platoons, he positions himself to the left of the left flank man of the first rank of the second platoon. b. After the sergeant major has completed his report and faced about, the commander of the guard marches from his position in the rear of AGO 7159C the guard, around the right flank, to his post six steps in front of and centered on the guard. If there are two platoons, the assistant commander of the guard, if present, takes his post in front of the second platoon (fig. 10). 59. Marching to the Center a. The adjutant commands OFFICER, (or OFFICERS) AND NONCOMMISSIONED OFFICERS CENTER, MARCH. The procedure for marching to the center is the same as in paragraph 41, except when there are two commanders of the guard, the senior is designated "commander of the guard" and the junior, "assistant commander of the guard." b. If there are two sergeants of the guard, the senior is designated "sergeant of the guard" and the junior, "assistant sergeant of the guard." The post of the assistant sergeant of the guard is the position of guide for the second platoon. c. When two platoons are present, the com manders march to the center and form as shown in figure 11. 60. Returning to Posts a. After designating the duties, the adjutant returns to his post and commands POSTS. When one platoon is present, posts are taken as described in paragraph 42 (fig. 11). b. When two platoons are present, at the com mand POSTS, all men face about. The assistant sergeant of the guard hesitates until the relief commanders march in front of him. He then AGO 7159C marches to his post which is the position of guide of the second platoon. 61. Inspection of the Guard a. During formal guard mount, the adjutant, instead of the officer of the day, inspects the guard. b. After the officer (or officers) and noncommissioned officers have taken their posts, the adjutant commands PREPARE FOR INSPECTION. The guard is prepared for inspection as described in chapter 8, FM 22-5. c. During the inspection, he selects the orderlies and color guards and orders men who are not prepared for guard to fall out and return to their organization. Substitutes for men who have fallen out report to the commander of the guard at the guardhouse. d. The band plays during the inspection. 62. Closing Ranks a. After the inspection, the commander of the guard orders the guard to close ranks and then he returns to his original post. If there is an assistant commander of the guard, he orders the second platoon to close ranks after it has been inspected. He then returns to his post in front of the second platoon ( ch 8, FM 22-5) . b. The adjutant takes his post 35 steps in front of, centered on, and facing the guard. c. The new officer of the day posts himself 36 steps to the rear of the adjutant. d. The old officer of the day posts himself three AGO 7159C DDDDDDDDDD DDDDDDDDDO ~{ DDDDDPDDDDEB \ ~ t \ ~~ 6 STEPS \ \~ l \ ,,, ! \ ,,,, t \ \'' ' \ '~', 'E9CDjCDCD !I ~ _____ONE PLATOO~ ______ _ FOR SYMBOLS , SEE FIGURE 19 TWO PLATOONS Figure 11. Officers and noncommissionedofficers taking their posts. 72 AGO 7159C steps to the right of the new officer of the day. 63. Sound Off a. The adjutant commands GUARD, ATTENTION; PARADE, REST; SOUND OFF, and thenexecutes parade rest. (The commander of theguard and the assistant commander of the guarddo not give supplementary commands.) b. At the command SOUND OFF, the bandsounds off then moves forward playing. It passesto the left of the line between the commanders ofthe guard and the adjutant and then back to itsposition on the right where it halts and soundsoff again (fig. 12). c. While the band troops the line, the officersof the day stand at attention. 64. The Adjutant's Report The adjutant commands PRESENT, ARMS, facesabout toward the new officer of the day, salutes,and reports, "Sir, the guard is formed." 65. Marching in Review a. The new officer of the day returns the saluteand directs the adjutant, MARCH THE GUARDIN REVIEW, SIR. The adjutant faces about andcommands ORDER, ARMS; RIGHT, FACE. At thecommand FACE the guard and the band face tothe right. The band marches to a position whereits rear rank is approximately 24 steps in frontof the leading platoon, halts, and faces to the left(ch 10. FM 22-5). The adjutant takes a postthree steps in front of the leader of the first platoon (commander of the guard). The sergeant AGO 71590 73 CDDDDDDDDDDD CDDOODDDDODD E9CDDDDDDDDDDDEB ONE PLATOON El CDDDDDDDDD ODD DODD CDDDDDDDDD DOD DODD E9CDODODDDDD 80DDDDDDEB 4 t\ ' '--~----.-~~ 36 STEPS il~ FOR SYMBOLS, SEE FIGURE 19 TWO PLATOON~ EPS Figure 12. Sound off. 74 AGO 7159C major maintains his post behind the rear man in the left file when there is one platoon (fig. 13), and behind the rear man, left file, second platoon when there are two platoons (fig. 14). b. The adjutant commands FORWARD, MARCH, after giving the necessary manual of arms command. c. The band begins playing on the command MARCH. The band and the guard march past the officer of the day (fig. 14). The guide of the first platoon (sergeant of the guard) maintains a 24-step distance behind the band during the march in review. d. When the adjutant is six steps from the officer of the day, he commands EYES, RIGHT. ( 1) When there is one platoon, the officer of the guard, the adjutant, and the sergeant major execute the hand salute on the command EYES, RIGHT. When the sergeant major is six steps beyond the officer of the day, the adjutant commands, READY, FRONT. (2) When there are two platoons (fig. 14), the adjutant commands EYES, RIGHT, for the first platoon. He commands READY, FRONT, for the first platoon when the last rank is six steps beyond the officer of the day. The assistant commander of the guard commands EYES, RIGHT, for the second platoon when he is six steps from the officer of the day and READY, FRONT, when the last rank AGO 7159C ~ ,---, -B SCDDDDODDDDOD 1 L___ BAND CDDDDDDOODOO IL-~-JI -tie +eCDDDDOODODDDE9~3STEPS I 1..----24 STEPS I I I + lI __ROUT!._~MAR~------l--- 10 STEPS Cl> FOR SYMBOLS, ;:l 0 SEE FIGURE 19 ONE PLATOON Li a "'2 :;A~~:___ --~ BAND I ;j ' ' -1- ... L "' 0 I 1-4-----24 STEPS I I ' I I ' \,_ROUTE OF MARCH E9CDDODDDDDD 80000000 CDODDDDDDD ODODODO -+te -+eCDDODDDDDD -.oooooooEB --! _j--3 STEPS -----r------- is six steps beyond the officer of the day.The adjutant and commander of theguard salute with the first platoon; theassistant commander of the guard andthe sergenat major salute with the second platoon. e. While the guard is marching in review, theofficers of the day stand at attention. (1) The new officer of the day returns thesalutes of the adjutant and the commander of the guard. He salutes onlyonce because the adjutant and the commander of the guard salute together. (2) When there are two platoons, he doesnot return the salute of the assistantcommander of the guard. f. After the band passes the officer of the day,it turns out of column to the left and places itselfin front of and facing the officer of the day, 18steps from where the left flank of the guardpasses. It continues to play until the guardleaves the parade ground. g. The adjutant steps out of column and haltswhen he is 25 steps beyond the officer of the day.The sergeant major steps out of column and haltsabreast of the adjutant and three steps to theleft. The adjutant and the sergeant major thenface each other, salute, and leave. h. The ·commander of the guard marches theguard to the guardhouse without changing hisposition in the formation. i. If the guard consists of two platoons, the 78 AGO 7159C commander of the guard halts it and forms it into one platoon. The assistant commander of the guard marches behind the last man in the left file. The assistant sergeant of the guard marches in the rear of the right file. j. The officers of the day face each other and salute. The old officer of the day gives his orders to the new officer of the day. 66. Formation of the New and Old Guard at the Guardhouse a. The old guard is formed at the guardhouse as prescribed in paragraph 45 (1, fig. 15). (If field music has been authorized, the band forms three steps to the right of the old guard. The band of the new guard forms three steps to the right of the new guard. (2, fig. 15). b. Relieving the old guard at the guardhouse is in accordance with paragraphs 44 through 48. AGO 7159C 8 1NEW GUARD ~6STEPS~Q_O rRD 1 STEPS T 1' IL 12 STEPS ..------, .------, I I 1 lNEW GUARD: -----1NEW GUARD I L ______...J L __ --_ _j t t > FOR SYMBOLS, SEE FIGURE 198... 1 At suardholUie without field music n~ Figure 15. Formation of guardB. ~ ., (/) a.. a.. w w t;; t;; > 8 ~ 1il C'l 6STEPS t I I + I 'I r r.:_l_ ~ r __j __ 12 sTIEP~---:-~ 1 _____ 1 1 FIELD FIELD IMUSIC 1-INEWGUARD 1---...,.---~----tMUSIC~-INEW GUARDI ~--~ L ____ _j l_!! __~ L ____ _j t FOR SYMBOLS, SEE FIGURE 19 2 At guardhouse with field music •-Figur6 15-Continued. CHAPTER 7 SPECIAL GUARDS Section I. GENERAL 67. When Detailed Special guards are detailed when it is impracticable to use members of the main guard to guardproperty or an area. Ordinarily they are governed by the same general principles as the mainguard. Special guards follow safety proceduresoutlined in appendix D. 68. Purpose Special guards protect vehicles, buildings,equipment, supplies, and other property not protected by the main guard. They enforce specialregulations in regard to parks or other propertybeing guarded. Section II. PARK GUARDS 69. General Motor parks and tank parks are usually guarded by elements of the main guard. When tllis isimpracticable, special park guards are posted. 70. Duties a. Neither the noncommissioned officer normembers of the park guard absent themselves 82 AGO 7159C from the vicinity of the park unless so ordered. b. Park guards are not employed for police and fatigue duties at the park except in an emergency. 71. Control of Park Guards Park guards are under the immediate control of their commanders. 72. Noncommissioned Officers of the Park Guard a. The noncommissioned officer receives orders from his company commander. When relieved, he turns over all orders to his successor. He instructs his guards in their general and special duties, including safety procedures; exercises general supervision over his entire guard; insures that the guardroom is orderly and clean; and checks the motor vehicles, equipment, and property which he is to protect. Immediately upon going on duty he inspects the area for fire hazards and insures that keys are in vehicles so that they may be moved in case of fire. Before relieving his predecessor, the noncommissioned officer examines all locks, windows, and doors ; if any are found insecure, he reports that fact to his company commander when reporting for orders. He personally posts and relieves each guard, taking care to verify the property responsibility of the guard who comes off post. He sees that the guard who goes on post knows the property for which he is responsible. b. All vehicles returning to the motor park are reported to the noncommissioned officer of the park guard so that he may have knowledge of his AGO 7159C added responsibility. He notifies the guard onpost of any changes in the number of vehicles. c. Other duties of the noncommissioned officerof the park guard include ( 1) Promptly reporting to the companycommander any unusual occurrence andany abuse of vehicles or property. (2) Answering guard calls promptly. (3) In case of fire, insuring that all firefighting measures, as outlined in paragraph 73d, are promptly carried out. (4) Permitting no vehicles or equipment tobe taken from the park except by properauthority. ( 5) Designating another member of theguard to take charge and assume responsibility for the post whenever it becomes necessary for him to leave thepost. 73. Park Guards a. Park guards are governed by the regulations for guards on main guard duty. b. They receive orders from the commandingofficer, the park commander (the officer of theday and officers and noncommissioned officers ofthe guard when the guard is part of the mainguard), and the noncommissioned officer of thepark guard only. c. In the field or when so directed by properauthority, the guard, upon being posted, verifiesthe number of motor vehicles and/or equipment 84 AGO 71590 for which he is responsible, and, upon being relieved, gives that number to his successor. d. In case of fire, the guard sounds the alarm as prescribed in his special orders. Upon sounding the alarm the guard takes such action as is deemed necessary to prevent the spreading of the fire. Section Ill. OTHER SPECIAL GUARDS 74. General Train guards, boat guards, and other guards are detailed as special guards when it is impracticable for the main guard to guard the areas or property involved. 75. Duties The duties of special guards are prescribed by the commanding officer to fit the specific needs. 76. Civilian Guards Civilian guards are used when authorized by proper authority. They receive their orders and perform their duties as the installation commander may direct. AGO 7169C CHAPTER 8 FLAG CEREMONIES 77. Raising and Lowering the Flag a. Normally a detail consisting of one noncommissioned officer and two or more guards equipped with sidearms or belts only, raises or lowers the flag. (1) The noncommissioned officer carrying the flag forms the detail in line, takes his post in the center, and marches it to the flagstaff. The flag is attached to the halyards and at the proper time raised rapidly to the top of the staff ( AR 600-25) . The halyards are fastened to the cleat on the staff and the ·detail marched to the guardhouse. (2) When the flag is to be lowered, the halyards· are loosened and freed from the staff. After the flag is lowered it is neatly folded as described in AR 840-10 and the halyards made fast. The detail is then re-formed and marched to the guardhouse where the flag is turned over to the commander of the guard. b. The flag is always raised or lowered from the downwind side of the staff, the halyards be- AGO 7159C ing held by two persons. The flag is not allowed to touch the ground. c. For occasions when the flag is raised and lowered, see AR 600-25. 78. Saluting Gun The morning and evening salutes, and other prescribed salutes to be fired by the guard, are fired by a suitable detachment of the guard. For instructions on firing salutes and safety precautions to be taken, see AR 600-25, and appendix D. AGO 7159C 87 PART THREE EXTERIOR GUARD CHAPTER 9 FUNCTIONS OF EXTERIOR GUARD 79. General Exterior guard is a term used in this manual to classify those guards outside of a military installation, guards in a combat area, guards in hostile or unfriendly territory, and guards (located anywhere) who have to perform their duties in such a manner that the general orders prescribed for interior guard are not applicable or practicable. The conduct and actions of exterior guards are limited only by the desires and instructions of the commanders and small unit leaders and by the training and initiative of the guards themselves. This manual is not intended to limit or dictate the actions of exterior guards but to familiarize the individual soldier with some of the responsibilities and actions of exterior guards. The situation and mission will be the deciding factor when the commander plans for the security of his unit and the actions of his exterior guards. 88 AGO 7159C 80. ~omposition The composition of an exterior guard is in no way related to that of an interior guard. No commanders are detailed for that specific duty. The guards are appointed or selected from small units and function under the control and supervision of the small unit leaders (chain of command). The actions and responsibilities of the guards are prescribed by instructions from their leaders, SOPs, and by appropriate field manuals. 81. Responsibilities A unit must be protected at all times from surprise. Exterior guards are utilized to protect a unit from surprise and to give the unit time to prepare to counter any threat. Guards must be alert for surprise by ground, airborne, and air attacks; to provide early warning of chemical, biological, radiological ( CBR) attack or contamina~ tion; and to protect supplies and supply installations. If the unit is moving, security may vary from observation to the use of security patrols. During short halts, guards, small security detachments, and forward patrols are used to provide all-round security. For stationary positions in combat or hostile areas, unit commanders use exterior guards to establish a surveillance system to operate day and night throughout the unit area. The commander may use guards, listening posts, observation posts, patrols, aerial observers, and any other available means. The guards may have any number of special devices to assist them in performing their duties. These may in- AGO 7159C elude CBR detection devices, electronic detection devices, infrared or other night vision devices, trip flares and antipersonnel mines, noisemaking devices, or any other device to provide early warning to the guard and unit. 82. Patrols Patrols may be used to cover an area not otherwise under surveillance or gaps between units. To avoid establishing a pattern of operation, these patrols operate at irregular intervals over a variety of routes. 83. Communications All exterior guards must have an adequate communications system. Special orders or instructions will govern the type of communications. These may be radio, wire, arm-and-hand . signals, sounds, or any method specified by the commander or leaders. 84. Areas of Unconventional Operation Providing adequate and effective guards in areas threatened by a guerrilla force is probably the most difficult task to accomplish in unconventional operations. To increase their effectiveness against guerrillas, all soldiers must be trained in tactics to be used against guerrilla forces. All members of the unit must be thoroughly briefed on known or suspected guerrilla forces. The commanders and guards must use all combat security measures when operating in areas threatened by guerrilla forces. Guards must be particularly alert when in seemingly safe areas, especially AGO 7159C when in friendly rear areas. The guerrilla is a highly motivated and an able fighter whose actions are characterized . by surprise, rapid movement, deception, secrecy, and stealth. This demands commanders and leaders to exercise methodical supervision and checks on the exterior guard and overall security discipline. The routine means of security are altered frequently to prevent guerrilla forces from obtaining detailed and accurate information about the composition, habits, and location of the exterior guards. In this environment two or more guards should be placed at each post so that one guard provides security for the other when challenging. 85. Tour of Duty The tour of duty for exterior guards may not be the same as suggested for interior guards. Normally no guardhouse is used ; the guards perform their duties and also rest at the same location. When practical, guards operate in pairs or larger groups and rotate the watch and rest periods among themselves to insure that the required number of guards are alert at all times. If means are available, personal contact may be made with the guard at irregular intervals. This contact may be made by other guards, patrols, or unit leaders. 86. Countersigns-Challenge and Password The guards must know and properly use the challenge and password (ch 10). The guard should remain concealed and in a "ready" posi- AGO 7159C 91 tion at all times when challenging (app F). Theregular countersign is used only within friendlyareas. When outside friendly areas (e.g., onpatrol) a different challenge and password shouldbe used. In all cases, when operating outsidefriendly areas, a means of recognition must beestablished and properly used. 87. Use of the Countersign a. A guard should never allow an unidentifiedperson to approach too close to his position. Thisis important at night and during other periodsof poor visibility. Special instructions will begiven the guards on the use of the challenge andpassword (app VI). Normally, the challenge andpassword are always used in friendly rear areas.A guard in a forward position may be instructedto challenge, avoid, or shoot persons near hispost. Normally, when the guard is instructed tofire without challenging, all friendly forces havebeen instructed to remain concealed in their positions and any movement is assumed to be enemy. b. A guard must be extremely cautious at alltimes (day and night) about revealing the cha~lenge and password. Never use these words unless the unidentified person first exposes himselfto view, thereby indicating he is friendly by allowing the guard an opportunity to fire at him.An enemy probably would not expose himself atany time, but would try to learn the challengeand password in order to pass through your linesat another point (app F). 92 AGO 7159C For example: (1) An unidentified person approaches your post and calls "friendly party," or, "friend," but does not come into view. (2) If you call "Halt!" and then give the challenge, "Boston," the enemy will simply fade away and go to the next outpost. (3) At the second outpost the enemy will, when halted, call out "Boston," hoping to confuse the guard and get him to say the password, "Beans." (4) Again, the enemy will slip away, armed with the challenge and password, ready to approach a third outpost where he may be passed through the lines. 88. Challenging Unidentified Persons a. To challenge unidentified personnel, the guard will call (app F) "HALT" clearly and just loud enough to be distinctly understood by the challenged party. Keep the party covered without exposing yourself. When he halts, ask in a low, clear voice, "Who is there?" He should reply in a low, clear voice, giving the answer which best identifies himself. For example, "Sergeant Black, first squad," or, "Friendly patrol leader." You then say, "Advance, Sergeant Black, to be recognized," or, "Advance, friendly patrol leader, to be recognized." Always advance persons by the name with which they identified themselves. This insures that only that person ad- AGO 7159C vances toward your position. Continue to keep him covered without exposing yourself and halt him again when he is close enough to be identified. If possible, never advance a person closer than 2 meters to your position. In a low, clear voice give him the challenge, for example, "Rainbow." He should answer with the password, for example, "Archer." If you are not completely satisfied question him further. Ask only questions a friendly pers~m would be likely to know. b. Other men with the challenged person, such as members of a patrol, must be identified. This can be done in one of two ways. Your commander will prescribe the method for you to use. ( 1) The leader can vouch for the others and pass them to the flank of your position. This method reduces movement and noise at your position, and helps prevent revealing your location to the enemy. (2) The leader, or his representative, can identify each man as he passes notifying you when the last man has passed. 94 AGO 7169C CHAPTER 10 COUNTERSIGNS AND PAROLE WORDS 89. General The commanding officer (para 4a) directs the use of the countersign and parole word. a. The countersign is used in combat and, when necessary, in garrison. b. The parole (word) is used to check on the countersign when inspecting guards. c. Any person in time of war who discloses the parole word or countersign to any person not entitled to receive it, shall be punished by death or such other punishment as a court-martial may direct (art. 101, Uniform Code of Military Justice). 90. By Whom Authorized If a countersign and parole word are pre scribed, they are devised by the highest headquarters within a zone or area. This authority (app F) may be delegated to subordinate units so they can designate a countersign or parole immediately, if it becomes necessary; however, these units notify higher headquarters of such action without delay. 91. Selecting Countersigns-Challenge and Password a. The choice of words or sounds is made with AGO 7159C care. Words are selected that are difficult for the enemy to pronounce and do not indicate the expected answer. When sounds are selected for use they should be distinctive and similar to those normally heard in the locality. b. The use of the countersign is rigidly controlled and the initiative to use it rests with the challenger (guard). Mutual identification is essential ; therefore, the person challenged should not give the password if he fails to recognize the challenge. The challenger (guard) will use only the challenge, never the password, except as prescribed in paragraph 94. c. Positive identification by the guard of all persons claiming authority to pass is the main consideration. Persons whose sole means of identification is the password are not allowed to pass. If there is a reasonable doubt of the chal-~ lenged person's authority to pass, even if he gives • the password, he is apprehended and turned over to the commander of the relief for further investigation. 92. Using Countersigns When a challenge and password are prescribed, the challenge is given by the guard after the person is advanced to be recognized. The password is given by the challenged person. The challenge and password are given in a low tone to prevent them from being overheard by others. For example, a guard at an ammunition dump observes a group approaching his post. While the group is far enough away (for the guard to take effec 96 AGO 7169C tive measures should the group rush him) he calls "HALT! WHO IS THERE?" After receiving an answer (such as "Sergeant Black, Delta Company") indicating the group is friendly and that it may be authorized to pass, the guard says, "Advance, Sergeant Black, to be recognized." When Sergeant Black reaches a point where the challenge, spoken in a low tone, can be heard only by Sergeant Black, the guard again says, "HALT!" Then he gives the challenge in a low tone (e.g., "Rainbow"). After receiving the correct password from Sergeant Black (e.g., "Archer") and otherwise satisfying himself that Sergeant Black is authorized to pass, the guard says, "Advance, Sergeant Black." The guard then tells Sergeant Black to bring up his men and identify them as they pass (app F). 93. Parole Words The commanding officer directs the use of a parole word. It is a secret word imparted only to those persons entitled to inspect the guard and to commanders and members of the guard. It is used as a check on the countersign. 94. Using Parole Words a. The parole word is used by authorized persons to inspect the guards. When the inspector gives a guard the parole word, the guard gives the inspector both parts (the challenge and the password) of the countersign. The guard does not use the password at any other time. The parole word may be used before or after the hours AGO 7159C 97 of challenging; the inspector gives the parole word when he is close enough to prevent it from being overheard by unauthorized persons. Upon hearing the parole word, the guard knows that he is being inspected by an authorized person. The guard then repeats both parts of the countersign (challenge and password). b. When used during the hours of challenging, the inspector does not give the parole word until he is advanced to a position near the guard. After being advanced to be recognized, the inspector would then use the parole word and the guard gives him both parts of the countersign. If the guard challenges the inspector with the first part of the countersign, the inspector answers with the parole word instead of the password. The guard then gives the password to the inspector. If the inspector does not wish to reveal his official capacity while inspecting the guard he gives an answer such as "friend" when halted by the guard. Examples of using the parole word: The countersign is "Rainbow-Archer," and the parole word is "Sunshine." During daylight hours the officer of the day (or any person authorized to inspect the guard) approaches a guard. The guard salutes the officer at the appropriate time. When the officer of the day is close enough to the guard he gives the parole word by saying "Sunshine" in a low tone to prevent it from being overheard. The guard answers by saying, "Rainbow-Archer." This is to insure AGO 7159C that the guard knows both parts of the countersign. c. If the guard halts the officer of the day during the hours for challenging and receives the reply "friend," then the guard says, "Advance, friend, to be recognized." When the officer of the day is close enough to be recognized, the guard again halts him. The officer of the day then says, "Sunshine." The guard answers, "Rainbow-Archer." If the guard challenges the officer of the day with the challenge he says, "Halt, Rainbow." The officer of the day answers, "Sunshine," giving the parole word instead of the password. The guard then answers, "Archer." AGO 7159C 99 APPENDIX A REFERENCES AR 210-10 ..........Administration. AR 210-181 .......•. Installations, Stockades and Hospital Prisoner Wards. AR 220-45 .......... Duty Rosters. AR 220-90 ..........Bands: Organization and Supervision. AR 320-5 ...........Dictionary of United States Army Terms. AR 600-25 ..........Salutes, Honors, and Visits of Courtesy. AR 633-5 ...........Prisoners--General Provisions. AR 840-10 .....•....Description and Use of Flags, Guidons, Tabards, and Automobile Plates. FM 19-5 ...........The Military Policeman. FM 19-60 ...........Confinement of Military Prisoners. FM 22-5 ........... Drill and Ceremonies. Uniform Code of Military Justice; Articles- 7. Apprehension. 9. Imposition of Restraint. 11. Reports and Receiving of Prisoners. 96. Releasing Prisoner Without Proper Authority. 97. Unlawful Detention of Another. 101. Improper Use of Countersign. 113. Misbehavior of Sentinel on Lookout. AGO 7169C 100 APPENDIX B DETAILS AND ROSTERS 1. Detail of Personnel The personnel required for the fixed posts of the main guard are detailed daily. 2. Detail of Officers An officer of the day and an officer of the guard are detailed with each main guard unless the commanding officer considers the guard so small that an officer of the guard is unnecessary. When necessary to efficiently supervise and control the men on a relief, a junior officer of the guard is detailed to assist the officer of the guard. 3. Rosters a. A roster is list of individuals or organizations available for a specific duty with a record of the duty each has performed (AR 220-45). b. For an accurate and equal distribution of guard duty, rosters are kept. The method described herein is one acceptable method of keeping a guard roster. Any method that insures equitable performance of guard duty may be used provided it is not in contradiction of AR 220-45. c. Whenever possible a single organization should provide the guard. This prevents interference or conflict with unit training programs AGO 7159C 101 and provides for maintenance of unit integrity. d. When a single organization, such as a company, provides the entire guard detail for a day, a guard roster showing only organizations is kept by the sergeant major and no account is taken of a very small difference in the strength of the companies. However, when the difference in strength of the various companies is large, a roster is kept as follows: (1) Determine the number of sentinels of the guard that each company would be required to furnish if each were to detail its share of each guard. This number is called the proportion for each company. The method for finding this proportion is explained in f below. These numbers are entered in the proportion column of each company on the roster (fig. 16). (2) Give a minus sign to the proportion number of each company that does not furnish guard for a particular day. Add this number algebraically to the number listed in the credit column for the preceding day. On the day the roster is initiated, enter a negative proportion number in the credit column. (3) Subtract the proportion for the company providing the guard from the number of men it actually furnished. Give this difference a plus sign and add it alge 102 AGO 7159C > ~ Guard furnished A Company B Company C Company D Company 0 ;j ..... "' <0 ., 0 " ..c:: " ..c:: " ..c:: " 0 a " "' .. 0 ... -t t: 0 ... "!;; :3 ... 0 ... "!;; ~ ... 0 ... ..., :;l... 0 ~ "" .a.5 ;; ;; :a "" 8 8"'"' 0 "... 0 ... "~ 0 -:;;" "' 0 "... " "'... ... " "' ... ... ..., " " "'E ... ..., ..."' '""... " " " " "" ii5 u ii5 ~ u Ul ~ u Ul ~ u t:l u zJi ~ Jan. 1 A 13 50 4.17 +8.83 40 3.33 -3.33 35 2.92 -2.92 31 2.58 -2.58 Jan. 2 A 13 50 4.17 +17.66 40 3.33 -6.66 35 2.92 -5.84 31 2.58 -5.16 Jan. 3 B 15 50 5.00 +12.66 40 4.00 +4.34 30 3.00 -8.84 30 3.00 -8.16 Jan. 4 B 15 50 5.00 +7.66 40 4.00 +15.34 30 3.00 -11.84 30 3.00 -11.16 Jan. 5 c 15 50 5.00 +2.66 40 4.00 +11.34 30 3.00 +.16 30 3.00 -14.16 Jan. 6 D 15 50 5.00 -2.34 40 4.00 +7.34 30 3.00 -2.84 30 3.00 -2.16 Jan. 7 A 15 50 5.00 +7.66 40 4.00 +3.34 30 3.00 -5.84 30 3.00 -5.16 Jan. 8 c 15 50 5.00 +2.66 40 4.00 -.66 30 3.00 +6.16 30 3.00 -8.16 Jan. 9 D 15 50 5.00 -2.34 40 4.00 -4.66 30 3.00 +3.16 30 3.00 +3.84 Jan. 10 B 15 50 5.00 -7.34 40 4.00 +6.34 30 3.00 +.16 30 3.00 +.84 Jan. 11 A 15 50 5.00 +2.66 40 4.00 +2.34 30 3.00 -2.84 30 3.00 -2.16 Jan. 12 A 15 50 5.00 +12.66 40 4.00 -1.66 30 3.00 -5.84 30 3.00 -5.16 Jan. 13 c 15 50 5.00 +7.66 40 4.00 -5.66 30 3.00 +6.16 30 3.00 -8.16 Jan. 14 D 15 50 5.00 +2.66 40 4.00 -9.66 ·30 3.00 +3.16 30 3.00 +3.84 Jan. 15 B 15 50 5.00 -2.34 40 4.00 +1.34 30 3.00 +.16 30 3.00 +.84 ' - f3 Figure 16. Roster for privates of the guard when single organization furnishes the guard. braically to the number in the credit column for the preceding day. (a) The company that has the largest minus number in the credit column is usually selected to furnish the next guard; however, the choice of the company that will provide the next guard depends upon the company's administrative load and training schedule. (b) Rosters for sergeants and relief commanders of the guard provided by a single organization are also determined in this manner. e. When several organizations provide personnel for each guard (1) The adjutant keeps a roster of all officers of the day and officers of the guard by name. (2) The sergeant major keeps a roster of all sergeants of the guard, relief commanders, and privates of the guard by number or organization. (3) The first sergeants keep a roster of all sergeants of the guard, relief commaners, and sentinels of the guard by name. f. The methods of determining the number of sentinels of the guard that are due from several companies is shown in figure 17. This figure shows the method used on the first and second days after setting up a guard system. The method used for the second day is used on each succeeding day until the number of organizations furnishing 104 AGO 7159C details changes. A discussion of the methods used follows: First Day 11 -~ CQ ~ "l> i:!f.., " 0:: ........ ,.. 0:: .. ~~..,]~;; ~ :;l.. 0 ".. bOs:;:J..u "" 0 ~ .: .... CIS,;"" CIS ] :0 "'E f: 7: ~:.:.,s &, E"' 3 .. 0..... "' 8 (/)(/) E-< ll. Q"' {.) A-25 X 14 +130 2.69 3 +.31 B-35 X 14 +130 3.77 4 +.23 C-36 X 14 +130 3.88 4 +.12 D-34 X 14 +130 3.66 3 -.66 130 11 14 Second Day .. 0::.. "'E 8 "' "'-~Q) " ... tl' to OQI!:-!1:........... -5~-o]~;~:5~~ ... !3 cu s::: :::3 .... 0:::3 ~~ b0-'+-4 bO :l to 0:: "' b "' ] 0 E-< 0:: 0 :;l.. 0 "'..,E ~"' ~ .J:l to " 0.. "'"'.. !l'" ·~ ~ ""o ~.... {.) 0:: 0 :;l.. 0 "' -o g ~ s "' Q .., :0 "'.. {.) A-30 X 14 +130 3.23 +.31 2.92 3 +.08 B-30 X 14 +130 3.23 +.23 3.00 3 .00 C-34 X 14 +130 3.66 +.12 3.54 4 +.46 D-36 X 14 +130 3.88 -.66 4.54 4 -.54 - 130 12 14 Figure 17. Method of determining daily proportional number of sentinels of the guard from several organizations. (1) Take a number of personnel eligible for sentinel duty in each company from its AGO 7159C 105 morning report for the day before that on which the tour of duty is to begin. Deduct details for detached service of over 24 hours that are made after the morning report is received. The total is the actual number of personnel available for sentinel duty. Enter this figure in the strength column for each company (fig. 17). (2) Then multiply the total guard detail needed by the strength of the company and divide the result by the total strength of the command. This gives the proportion for that company. Carry this proportion out to 2 decimal places. This is done for each company. Enter this figure in the proportion column for each company (fig. 17). (3) Add the whole numbers in the proportion column together. If the total is less than the total guard detail needed, add one to the whole number in the proportion that has the largest fraction, and so on for each company until the required total for the guard detail is obtained. Enter these whole numbers in the detail for each company (fig. 17). (4) Enter in the credit column the difference between the exact proportion (proportion column) and the number detailed (detail column) from each company. (5) Bring the credits forward to the next AGO 7159C 106 day and add them to or subtract them from the first proportion. If the credit brought forward has a plus sign, subtract it from the first proportion. This is done because the proportion of the guard for the next day is to be reduced by the credited amount. If the credit has a minus sign, add it to the first proportion ; the proportion is to be increased by this amount. This gives a final proportion which is used in figuring the detail and credit columns of succeeding days. (6) A typical roster for sentinels of the guard, using this information, is shown in figure 18. (7) The above methods are used to determine the number of sergeants of the guard and relief commanders and a similar roster is prepared for each. g. When organizations provide their own park guards, credit is given each organization for the number of enlisted men detailed as though they had been detailed for main guard. h. Other special guards are credited as the commanding officer directs. AGO 7159C 107 Date: Guard required: A Company: Strength .................. First proportion 0 •• •••••••• 0 Final proportion ••••• 0 ••• •• Detail •• 0 •••• 0. 0 0 •••• 0 • ••• 0 Credit •••••••••••• 0 0 •••• 0 •• B Company: Strength • 0 ••••• 0 •• ....... 0. First proportion •••••••• 0 • •• Final proportion ........... Detail •••••• 0 •• 0 ••••••• •••• Credit ..................... c Company: Strength 0. ••••• 0 •••••••••• First proportion ............ Final proportion ........... Detail •••••• 0 • •••••••••••• 0 Credit •••••• 0 •• 0 •• 0 •••••••• D Company: Strength .................. First proportion 0 0 •••• •••••• Final proportion ••••• 0 ••••• ••••••• 0 ••• 0 ••••••••• Detail •••••••••••• 0 •••••••• Credit 1 Jan. 2 Jan. 3 Jan. 14 14 14 25 30 30 2.69 3.23 3.23 2.92 3.15 3 3 3 +.31 +.08 -.15 35 30 30 3.77 3.23 3.23 3.00 3.23 4 3· 3 +.23 .00 -.23 36 34 34 3.88 3.66 3.66 3.54 3.20 4 4 3 +.12 +.46 -.20 34 36 36 3.66 3.88 3.88 4.54 4.42 3 4 5 -.66 -.54 +.58 Figure 18. Roster for sentinels of the guard when several organizations provide the guard. AGO 7159C 108 APPENDIX C LEGEND OF SYMBOLS i OFFICER OF THE DAY t OLD OFFICER OF THE DAY •ADJUTANT •COMMANDER OF THE GUARD •ASSISTANT COMMANDER OF THE GUARD E9 SERGEANT MAJOR E9 SERGEANT OF THE GUARD e ASSISTANT SERGEANT OF THE GUARD CD COMMANDER OF THE RELIEF Figure 19. Symbols. AGO 7169C APPENDIX D SAFETY REGULATIONS Section I. SAFETY PROCEDURES 1. General All personnel armed with their individual weapon must be qualified with the weapon, including the safety regulations for the weapon. Weapons are not carried with cartridges in the chamber or receiver except on orders from the commanding officer. When loaded, weapons are carried locked. 2. Retreat Guns Safety regulations for firing retreat guns are published by installation commanders and depend on the type of gun used. These regulations are to be understood and complied with by all personnel detailed to fire the retreat gun. Sedion II. SAFETY RESPONSIBILITY 3. Post Commander Installation commanders insure that any new regulations about safety as it applies to guard are made available to the guard immediately. 4. Company Commander Company commanders are responsible for the weapons qualification, familiarization, and in- AGO 7169C 110 struction on applicable safety regulations of all personnel in their companies. Any man assigned to guard duty who is not qualified or familiar with the weapon he is to carry is replaced at once. He is not assigned to guard duty until he becomes qualified or familiar with the weapon used on guard, or until he can be equipped with a weapon with which he is already qualified. Qualification pertains to individual weapons. Personnel armed with weapons other than their individual weapon (shotguns [FM 19-60], riot clubs [FM 19-5]) should receive training on that weapon prior to going on guard. 5. Officer of the Day It is the responsibility of the officer of the day to see that all violations of safety regulations that come to his attention are reported to the offender's company commander. If the violation is serious, he reports it to the commanding officer, who takes appropriate action. 6. Commander of the Guard The commander of the guard insures that members of his guard observe safety regulations. In the event of a violation, he reports the incident to the officer of the day for appropriate action. 7. Sergeant of the Guard The sergeant of the guard is responsible for the conduct of the guard and reports all violations of safety regulations to the commander of the guard for appropriate action. Whenever possible, he is present at guard formations which involve load- AGO 71590 111 ing and unloading weapons. He makes sure that all safety regulations are observed. 8. Commander of the Relief The relief commander of the guard is responsible that safety precautions are observed by his relief. He reports any man in his relief who violates safety regulations, and if the violation is serious, requests the sergeant of the guard to replace the offender. 9. Sentinels of the Guard Sentinels on guard observe all safety regulations. If the sentinel has any doubt about any of these regulations he requests instructions from the commander of his relief prior to being posted. 112 AGO 7159C APPENDIX E PRISONERS AND PRISONER GUARDS 1. Rules Governing Prisoners AR 210-181 prescribes uniform procedures for the administration, treatment and disposition of military persons confined at Army installations. The confinement officer is responsible to the provost marshal who in turn is responsible to the installation commander on all matters relating to the administration and operation of a stockade. 2. Confinement and Release of Prisoners a. A prisoner, from the first day of confinement until his sentence is announced, is held in confinement by authority of a properly executed confinement order. After being sentenced by a court, the prisoner is held in confinement by the convening authority who reviews the court proceedings. b. All prisoners are released from confinement only by an order of the proper authority. 3. Prisoner Guards It a. A prisoner guard is detailed for the particular duty of guarding prisoners who are taken out of a stockade for work or other purposes. Prisoner guards should be detailed for not less than one month. The number of men detailed on prisoner AGO 7159C 113 guard is kept to the minimum. Normally, prisoner guards are not part of the interior guard. b. A part of the personnel from the main guard may be used in an emergency to augment the stockade custodial personnel. c. The confinement officer commands all stockade guard personnel. He is responsible for making certain that all individuals assigned as guards are properly armed and instructed in the use of their weapons, know their general and special orders, and are instructed in their duties. d. The provost sergeant is the assistant to the confinement officer. 4. Guards on Duty at Confinement Facilities a. A prisoner guard actively assigned to guarding prisoners is considered on post. b. In the event of an attempted mass breakout from confinement, riot, or other general disorder, a prisoner guard takes immediate action, using that force necessary to restore order or prevent !'~cape. The force used, in any case, is limited to that which is reasonable and necessary to enforce regulations and to control prisoners. For priorities of force at an Army confinement facility, see AR 633-5. c. Caution and good judgment will control the use of firearms in preventing the escape of a prisoner. Firearms are used when no other reasonable means of preventing an escape is considered effective, but firing to prevent an escape is justifiable only as a last resort. If a prisoner attempts to escape the guard will call "HALT" 114 AGO 7159C twice. If the prisoner fails to halt, and if there is no other effective means for preventing his escape, the guard directs shots at the prisoner which are aimed to disable rather than to kill. d. A prisoner guard placed over prisoners who are to perform work detail receives specific instructions governing the required work from the confinement officer or provost sergeant. Prisoner guards are responsible for making sure that the work of the prisoners is performed satisfactorily. e. A prisoner guard, placed over prisoners, strictly enforces the rules for the conduct and control of prisoners. f. Prisoners, except installation stockade parolees and those assigned to military retraining units, are denied the privilege of the military salute. AGO 7159C 115 APPENDIX F DETAILS OF AGREEMENT FROM STANAG NO. 2042 (2d edition) AND CENTO STANAG NO. 2042 (Details of Agreement of CENTO STANAG No. 2042 are identical with Details of Agreement of NATO STANAG No. 2042 (2d edition). Therefore, CENTO STANAG No. 2042 is not reproduced.) NATO UNCLASSIFIED Agreed English/French Texts. STANAG 2042 (Edition No. 2) DETAILS OF AGREEMENT (DofA) METHOD OF CHALLENGING BY GUARDS AND SENTRIES AGREEMENT 1. It is agreed that the NATO Armed Forces are to follow the method of challenging by guards and sentries detailed below. DEFINITIONS 2. These, definitions are taken from AAP-6, "The NATO Glossary of Military Terms and Definitions in English and French" where applicable: a. Challenge. Any process carried out by one unit or person with the object of as- NATO UNCLASSIFIED AGO 7159C 116 NATO UNCLASSIFIED certaining the friendly or hostile charac ter or identity of another. b. Reply. An answer to a challenge. c. Password. A secret word or distinctive sound used to reply to a challenge. d. Countersign. A secret challenge and its reply, e.g., NUTS= challenge, WINE= password or reply:. GENERAL 3. The conduct of the individual sentry is to be prescribed by the authorities of his own force and may be varied in accordance with operational or other special requirements. 4. Confusing or misleading replies to a challenge are prohibited. 5. The countersign is normally prescribed by the highest authority within a zone or area. This power may be delegated, but higher authority must be informed without delay when such power is exercised by a subordinate. 6. When forces of two or more nations are in the same area, the countersign should be selected from words which can be readily pronounced by the forces concerned. NATO UNCLASSIFIED AGO 7169C 117 NATO UNCLASSIFIED PROCEDURE FOR CHALLENGING AND REPLYING 7. Action by Sentry a. "HALT! WHO IS (or GOES) THERE?" b. "ADVANCE (ONE) AND BE RECOGNIZED". c. "HALT!" (When unknown has approached sufficiently for sentry to recognize him or to give challenge) d. Challenge (if any) is given in a low tone. e. "ADVANCE ANOTHER ONE (or REMAINDER) AND BE RECOGNIZED". (Sentry calls forward remainder one by one or as a group, as the situation or his orders demand.) Action by Person or Group Challenged a. Halts and gives any reply which indicates the person or group is authorized to pass, e.g. "FRIEND", "ALLY", "CORPORAL OF THE GUARD", etc. b. Person (or group leader) advances without replying. c. Person halts until recognized by sentry. d. Reply or password is given in a low tone. e. Second unknown (or remainder of group) advances at order of sentry to be recognized. Group leader, or person designated by leader must remain with sentry to assist in identifying remainder of group. NATO UNCLASSIFIED AGO 7159C 118 NATO UNCLASSIFIED FIRING BY SENTRIES 8. The circumstances under which a sentry is to be instructed to fire on persons or groups failing to heed a challenge is left to national authorities and must, necessarily, vary depending upon the particular situation and the laws of the countries concerned. IlVi:PLEMENT ATION OF THE AGREEMENT 9. This STANAG will be considered to have been implemented when the necessary orders/instructions to adopt the method described in this Agreement have been issued to the forces concerned. INDEX Paragraphs Pages Challenge ___________________ -------____ Civilian guards -----------------------Color guards ------------------------- Commander of guard _________________ Commanding officer -----------------Confinement officer -----------------Countersigns: Authorization ------------------Challenge ------------------------Definition _________ -----------------Function Parole word _____________________ Password _______________________ Using _____________________ _ Exterior guard: Challenging ____________________ _ Communications ------------------Composition ___________________ . _ Countersigns ---------------------Definition ----------------_______ _ Limitations --------------------_ Patrols -------------------------Responsibilities __________________ Tour of duty -------------------Unconventional areas ____________ Field officer ------------------------Fixed post system : Definition _______________________ Function ___ ---------------------Personnel ----------------------Reserve _------------------Flag ceremonies: Raising, lowering --------------- Salute gun --------------------General orders ---------------------·-General orders, meaning of __________ _ 120 4, 91 76 23 4 4, 16 4 89 91 4 86, 87 93, 94 91 92 88 83 80 86, 87 7 79 82 81 85 84 4, 17 4 28 29 30 77 78 9 10 5, 95 85 36 5 5, 26 5 95 95 5 91, 92 97 95 96 93 90 89 91, 92 10 88 90 89 91 90 5, 27 5 37 38 38 86 87 12 13 Paragraphs Pages Guard ------------------------------Guard commander ------------------Guardhouse ------------------------- Guard inspection -------------------Guard mount: Formal mount: Adjutant's report ____________ Alinement ------------------- Assembly of band ___________ Assembly of guard _________ _ Closing ranks _______________ Inspection ------------------Marching to center _________ _ Marching to guardhouse _____ _ Marching in review __________ Old, new guards _____________ Report ---------------------- Return to post _______________ Sound off ------------------- Forming for ____________________ _ Informal: Assembly ___________________ Formation ______________________ Inspection Marching Reporting posts _____________ _ Return to Inspection: Assembly ___________________ _ Formation __________________ Prepare for _________________ Posting: Guards --------------------Reliefs ---------------------- Relieving old guard: Arrival at guardhouse ______ _ Disposition -----------------Formation ----------------- 4 19 4 12 64 56 53 54 62 61 59 55 65 66 57, 58 60 63 30 38 39 43 41 40 42 34 35 36 50 51 44 48 45 5 29 5 24 73 67 66 66 71 71 70 66 73 79 67, 69 70 73 38 43 43 48 44 44 47 40 40 41 55 63 50 53 50 121 Paragraphs Pages Presentation Requirements ------------------ Guard post -------------------------Guards, special --------------------Interior guard ----------------------Main guard: Color guards -------------------Commanding officer ______________ Composition --------------------- Definition ______________________ _ Equipment ---------------------Field officer ---------------------Fixed post system: Function ___________________ _ Personnel ___________________ _ Reserve ---------------------Guard commander --------------Guards of ----------------------- Officer of day ___________________ _ Patrol system: Function ____________________ _ Personnel _______________ ___ _ _ Relief _____________________ _ Reserve ---------------------Relief commander _______________ _ Sergeant of ____________________ _ Strength ________________________ _ Officer of the day ----------------------Orders, classes of ______________________ _ Orders, general ---------------------__ Park guards: Control _________________________ _ Duties -------------------------- Guards __________________________ _ NCOs --------------------------Parole word ------------------------Patrol system: Function ----------------------- 122 46, 47 31 4 74 6 23 16 13 4 15 17 29 29 30 19 22 4, 18 24 25 26 27 21 20 14 4, 18 8 9 71 70 73 72 4, 89 24 53 39 5 85 9 36 26 25 5 25 27 37 38 38 29 35 5, 27 36 37 37 37 33 32 25 5, 27 12 12 83 82 84 83 5, 95 36 Paragraphs Pages 25 37 Personnel ---------------------- 26 37 Relief --------------------------Reserve ------------------------27 37 Password ----------·----------------4 5 Relief commander _------------------21 33 Sentinel _________ ------------------4 5 4 5 Sentry -----------------------------Sergeant of guard --·---·--------------·-20 32 Special orders ___ ··-----------------11 23 Stockade ____ ------------------------4 5 Supernumerary -~--------------------4 5 123 By Order of the Secretary of the Army : HAROLD K. JOHNSON, General, United States Army, Official: Chief of Staff. KENNETH G. WICKHAM, Major General, United States Army, The Adjutant General. Distribution: To be distributed in accordance with DA Form 12-11 requirements for Interior Guard Duty. -{:( U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE: 1967-250-534/7159C