. ~uj MSS, . .4 ■\ COMMONPLACE BOOK kept by LORD MACARTNEY during hie embassy in China 17 9 2 Purchased for the private Chinese Collection of Charles W. Wason CLEVELAND ■19 15VI5^NOTE The present volume is the commonplace or note hook in which Lord Macartney set down his various memoranda and impressions while British envoy in China, 1792 . Some of the entries are apparently those of his secre- tary, or of Fir Oeorge Thomas Ftaunton. At the sale of Lori Macartney’s library, this, to- gether with other of Lord Macartney’s manuscripts, was purchased by Fir Thomas Phillip.ps, Baronet, and includ- ed in the catalogue of his collection as Phillipps [manuscript No. 21815. Sir Thomas Phillipps's famous collection of manu- scripts was begun in 1818 and continued to the time of his death in 1872. On Fir Thomas Phillipps'e death his collection of manuscripts parsed to his third daughter, Katherine Wyttenbach, wife of the Vicar of Needwood, Ftaffordshire. This bequest was encumbered with the singular condition that neither his eldest daughter,nor jher husband, nor any Roman catholic, should ever enter Thirlestaine House, where the collection was preserved. On securing possession of the manuscripts, Mrs. Fenwick [(Katherine Wyttenbach) began the gradual sale thereof, {many being sold to foreign governments, and the balance being sold at Messrs, Fotheby, Wilkinson and Hodge. At the sale in May, 1513, this manuscript was purchased by a responsible London bookseller from whom it was pur- chased by us for this collection. Of the authenticity and genuineness of the volume .there is no question. April, 1915 THE ARTHUR H. CLARK COMPANY - L O .A' u ' X' , / y 6/ / ?;/) // (. > Sj/rra/r// fay /(X/ // ( /Jr// //rar ( A/r/r/ -J ( !tc//a /// //try (> //raw//. M 1) C C L.XX . v’.f ' '■ j. \ • : . I ■A' N-' " . •. >-,.r :!< >p‘. / - ■ ■ • ■ > X \ s • V ILLUSTRATION. IT were indeed fuperfluous to expatiate on the ufe- fulnefs of a Common-place Book to fuch as, pre- tending to no uncommon powers of reminifcence, muft have repeatedly experienced the inconvenience of placing a precarious confidence on their memory; with thofe who confine their ftudies to a fingle fcience, or their application to a few objects of purfuit; whofe concerns are limited to a narrow circle of acquaint- ance, and whofe curiofity extends not beyond their perfonal concerns, fome objections to the following plan may arife. But with fuch as move in a more ex- tenfive fphere, and have opportunity to acquire, or occafion to retain, the principles of general know- ledge, they will appear altogether frivolous. A Pedlar may carry his whole Hock about him without incon- venience ; but a Merchant, who trades to many and various parts of the world, muft have a proper repofi- tory, to contain the multitude and variety of his com- modities ; and therefore it may be prefumed needlefs to dwell longer on the expediency or general utility of the plan here prefented the reader; the particular mode and ufe of which the Editor, therefore, begs leave to explain by example. Mr. Locke hath confined his elucidation to the ad- vantages arifing from reading; in felccting remarkable paflages from books j but this is not the only purpofe A toILLUSTRATION. to which the Common-place book may be fuccefsfully applied. It is not folely for the Divine, the Lawyer, the Poet, Philofopher, or Hi dorian, that this publi- cation is calculated : by thefe its ufes are experiment- ally known and univerfally admitted. It is for the ufe and emolument of the man of bufmefs as well as of letters ; for men of falhion and fortune as well as of fludy; for the Traveller, the Trader, and in fhort for all thofe who would form a fyftem of ufeful and agreeable knowledge, in a manner peculiar to them- felves, while they are following their accuftomed purfuits, either of profit or pleafure. The firft and principal objedt refpecting the Com- mon-place Book, is its Index ; which is here pre- pared in the manner defcribed by Mr. Locke; except that none of the letters are omitted. The reader will obferve that the Index is divided into equal parts by parallel lines ; every fifth line of which is ruled double, and ferves to diftin- guifh the fpace allotted to each letter of the alpha- bet, which are printed in capitals in the margin. Each of thefe fpaces is in like manner fubdivided by fingle lines into five others ; at the beginning of which are placed the five vowels, fucceeding each other in their ufual order of repetition. In the other part of the book a fingle line only is drawn from top to bottom of every page, to preferve a fufficient margin for the heads of the feveral fubjedts inferted. ItILLUSTRATION It is on the choice of proper words to diftinguilh thefe heads, that the utility of th: Index depends ; as on the propriety of the Index does that of the whole Book. For which reafon the Editor conceives, fuch words Ihould generally be confined to the language moft familiar to the perfon who ufes it; as he will in that cafe be not only the more likely to fix on the word nioft important and efiential to the fubjedt, under which to enter it at firft; but will alfo be the more likely to turn to the fame word afterwards *. In the ufe of the Common-place Book, therefore, firft fix upon fome word in your native language, which more immediately relates to the fentiment, or circumftance, you would commit to writing; and to which you conceive you Ihould be the moft likely to recur, when you fhall have occafion to take a revifal of your thoughts, or thofe of others, on that fubject. This word being fixed on, turn to that line in the Index which is included under the fpace allotted to the initial, or firft letter of the faid word; and is farther diftinguifhed by the next fucceeding vowel, contained in the fame. Thus, if the word be Beauty, for inftance, turn to the feventh fpace from the top of the page in the Index; being the fecond within the fpace allotted to B, and at the beginning of which is placed the letter e. * This circumftance is mentioned, becaule Mr. Locke recommends the ufe of the Latin for the Index; which, though it may poffibly anfwer the purpofes of the learned, is by no means adapted to general ufe. Again,ILLUSTRATION. Again, if the word be Epi/ile, turn to the twenty- third fpace from the top of the fame page, being the third line in the fpace allotted to E, and farther diilinguifhed by the letter i, the next lucceeding vowel in that word. Immediately after the printed letter e. in the firft inftance, and i. in the fecond, write the number of the folio or page on which you intend to infert your refpective remark, quotation, See. Proceed then, to write down the remark or quo- tation itfelf; at the fame time obferving to fet the leading word, or head, in larger letters in the mar- gin : fo that the feveral heads may Hand confpicuous to the eye and unmixed with the other part of the manufeript f. When the leaf thus affigned to any clafs of words is full, proceed to the next, if not already engaged by fome other clafs ; writing V. for verte, i. e. turn over, at the bottom of the margin. But if the pages that immediately follow are taken up by a different clafs, then turn over till you come to a blank leaf; the number of which fubjoin to the above-mentioned letter V. on the page already filled. At the top of the leaf thus newly begun, write the number of that laft filled, as alfo the proper head; proceeding to fill up that leaf in the fame manner as the former. f To thefe general heads it may be fometimes neceffary to add more particular ones to diftinguifh different parts of the fame fubjeft, as exemplified hereafter. TheILLUSTRATION. The reciprocal references, at the bottom of the old leaf and at the top of the new, will thus ferve to connect the matter inferted, though feparated by ever fo many pages on different fubjedts; for the inter- vening leaves may be turned over as if they were but one. The number of every new page, however, inuft be entered in the Index when other clafles intervene, and fuch number rs, of courfe, fubjoined to the letter V. at the bottom. It has been objected, however, by fome, to the flridt adherence of the plan laid down by Mr. Locke, that the allotment of fo fmall a fpace as two pages to a clafs, occafions fo frequent a neceffity for turning over and referring to different pages, that it amounts to a confiderable inconvenience; at the fame time that a Angle page is frequently more than fufKcient for many other claffes. Of the latter circumftance, in- deed, the learned inventor feems to be apprized, from his making a provifion for the left hand pages being full, while the right hand pages fhould remain empty. As it is more cuftomary, therefore, to begin writing on the right hand page, and, as in this cafe, the numbering of the folios is of equal ufe with that of the pages, and may prevent the multiplication of figures in the Index, the right hand pages only are here numbered; the backfides being, of courfe, in- cluded under the number of their refpedtive folios. Again, it is certain that fome clafles will require a great number of pages; the convenience of whofe contiguity is obvious, efpecially if the obfervations or quotations be of any confiderable length. B SeveralILLUSTRATION-. } Several of the ingenious alfo who have pra&ifecf this method, have thought it convenient to divide their Common-place Book, in the manner of a dictio- nary, by allotting a certain number of pages to each initial letter, as they imagined they might require them. Others, again, have divided it into depart- ments for different arts and fciences. Indeed, the want of natural connection between the fubjeCts in- ferted alphabetically, feems to render their contiguity altogether ufelefs, where there is an Index. To accommodate this plan, however, to every dif- pofition, the blank folios are paged throughout; fo. that every perfon may fill them up, either fucceflively one after another in Mr. Locke’s method, or by making fuch divifions as his own fancy or particular ufe may fuggeft. To render the method of filling up our Common- place Book ftill more explicit and familiar, the follow- ing examples of its ufe to the Student, or man of reading, in his perufal of books at home ; and to the Traveller, or man of obfervation, in his travels abroad, it is hoped will be fufficient and fatisfaCtory,EXAMPLE THE FIRST. OF THE COMMON PLACE BOOK OF A STUDENT, OR, MAN OF READING. MR. Locke obferves, in his tradt on the conduct of the underftanding that£< there is fcarce any thing more for the improvement of knowledge, for the eafe of life, and the dif- patch of bufinefs, than for a man to be able to difpofe of his own thoughts ; and there is fcarce any thing harder in the whole condudt of the underftanding than to get a full maftery over it. The mind, in a waking man, has always fome objedl that it applies itfelf to j which when we are lazy or unconcerned, we can eafily change, and at pleafure transfer our thoughts to another, and from thence to a third, which has no rela- tion to either of the former. Hence men for- wardly conclude, and frequently fay nothing is fo free as thought, and it were well it were fo ; but the contrary will be found true in feveral inftances; and there are many cafes wherein there is nothing more refty and ungovernable than our thoughts : they will not be diredfed what objects to purfue, nor be taken off from thofe they have once fixed on, but run away with a man in purfuit of thofe ideas they have in view, let him do what he can.” Thoughts, the difpofal of them. TheEXAMPLE I. V. Fol. x. Toleration. Its effects in England. V. Fol. 2. The fame writer alfo remarks that it is ex- tremely difficult to get the mind, narrowed by a cuftom of long Handing to a fcanty collection of obvious and common ideas, to enlarge itfelf to a more copious flock, and grow into an ac- quaintance with thofe that would afford more abundant matter of ufeful contemplation. Locke, Fol. Fol. iii. London, 1714. page 425 *. We feel and behold here in England the glo- rious and diffufive effects of a general Tolera- tion. It has multiplied our people and manu- factures, and confequently increafed prodigi- oufly our ftrength and riches. It has invited multitudes of foreigners hither with all their arts and money. It has encouraged induftry at home, by leaving to all men an equal employ- ment of their confcience and property, without being expofed, as formerly, to the rapine and villainous arts of informers. Independent Whig. London, i2mo. 1752. Vol. iii. page 52. In * To the number of the particular page referred to, Mr. Locke advifes the fubjoining of the number of pages contained in the whole volume, thus by which means the particular edition of the book is not only farther afcertained, but the reader is enabled by the rule of three to find out the paffage in any other edition by knowing the number of its pages.EXAMPLE I. Fol. 2. In the preceding example the reader will fee that the folio No. I, is allotted to words begin- ning with a T, and having O for their fucceed- ing vowel, viz. THOUGHTS, and TO- LERATION: As the following folio III, is for words beginning with A and having u for their firft vowel, as, Augjburg, Arundel; which folios mull therefore be entered in the Index together with the folios referred to, thus : a e A , i o u 3. 3° a | c | T i i O | I, 2, 20 u 1 The two firft of thefe words, prefent fubjedts of fuch large extent, that it might be advifeable, on firft entering them, to leave feveral blank pages between them and any other fubjedlj which will prevent the unneceflary multiplica- tion of numerals in the Index j as fhould thofe pages not happen to be filled up, and room be afterwards wanted, they may then be made ufe of for any other word, whether entered before or not. As to words of fingular or confined meaning, a lefs blank fpace, or even none, may- be left without inconvenience. V. Fol. 2. V. Fol. 20. CEXAMPLE THE SECOND. OF THE COMMON PLACE BOOK OF THE TRAVELLER, OR MAN OF OBSERVATION, Augsburg. t ■ HE public library of Auglburg is annexed Its public library. A to the Lutheran college, which is a vaft fquare building, the work of the fame architect who built the town houfe, with a fine clock on the top of the front. In this college there are feven different dalles, a hall for the public dif- putations and harangues, and a theatre for dra- matic reprefentation. The magiftracy maintain a redor, thirteen regents, and library keeper, who are all very handfomely paid. The library is in a large well-lighted gallery by the college. The library keeper, who is a do&or of divinity, allured us that it contains above feven thoufand volumes : he is a man of merit; fpeaks Englilh well, and reads and underftands the bell books in that language. Arundel. In the cloifters of the chapel of St. Felix in Padua is among a great number of other epi- taphs the following infcription on a black mar- ble : Interiora Thomae Houardi Comitis Arun- deliae. Denoting that the bowels of Lord Arundel, who prefented the fine antique marbles to the univerfity of Oxford, and who died at Padua, are there buried. V. Fol. 3. ItEXAMPLE II. Fol. 3. It will not be amifs, in filling up the Com-V. Fol. 3' mon-place book, to enter the place of many articles more than once in the index; as the word Library for inflance, may be fuppofed as readily to fuggeft itfelf in the above cafe as Augjburg; the number of the folio might be entered, there- fore, in the fpace allotted for words beginning with the letter Z, and when the fucceeding vowel is I. Nor need it be apprehended that the index will, by this method, be crouded .with figures; efpecially if a number of pages are at firfl allotted to fubjecls of large extent. ________________ V. Fol. 30. It will be eafy, from the above examples, to adapt the Common-place book to all the pur- pofes, for which a copious remembrancer is neceffary; the utility of which it is needlefs farther to infill on, efpecially if it be confidered that it is with fcience as with commerce: numbers of promifing beginners proceed fuccefs- fully in the career of bufinefs, till the multipli- city of their concerns and the negledt of proper entries in their books, prove as fatal to their credit as diltrefsful to their memory. There are failures in knowledge as well as in trade, and it is to little purpofe to poffefs a large flock in either, unlefs it be fo duly difpofed and properly preferved as to be turned to occafional advantage. 1advertisement. ff/'ITH the greatejl chearfulnefs the Editor of the Library Common-place Book has obeyed, the requejl of his particular friends by epitomizing that plan, into this portable and convenient fize, wherein Thoughts as well as Obfervations may be carried in the pockety or ferve as a Wajle Book to the general Repofitory. The preference this Index may claim to every other mode of reference, is fuffciently obvious from the very long experience, and warm recommendation of that great majler of Order, Mr. Locke. The original method is preferved even in this, and very greatly improved, and clearly illujlrated in the larger work, which is calculated for public advan- tage ; elegantly executedfrom copperplates on fuper- fine writing demy paper, and may be had of ail the Bookfellers in England by enquiring for Bell’r Library Common-place Book, formed upon Mr. Locke’s principles: The Folio book is generally bound in Vellum, containing 5 quires of the very bejl demy paper properly prepared, for ll. 5 s. Ditto, if bound in Parchment, 1 o and fo in proportion for any quantity of paper the book may contain, deducing or adding two Jhillings for every quire that may be increafed or decreafed, and bound as above.. ; . H A a G a e e • 1 i, i J o o 4°- u u ^ B a . H a ^ e J7 e ^ i 7- i j. o o u u 1 a I a «o . 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