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HISTORY

EDGEFIELD COUNTY

FROM THE EARLIEST SETTLEMENTS

TO

BIOGRAPHICAL AND ANECDOTICAL; WITH SKETCHES OF THE
SEMINOLE WAR; NULLIFICATION; SECESSION; RECON-
TRUCTION; CHURCHES AND LITERATURE; WITH ROLLS
OF ALL, THE COMPANIES FROM EDGEFIELD IN
THE WAR OF SECESSION; WAR WITH MEX-

ICO AND WITH THE SEMINOLE INDIANS.

BY

JOHN A. CHAPMAN, A. M.,

Author of SECOND PART OF ANNALS OF NEWBERRY; SCHOOL HISTORY
OF SOUTH CAROLINA, ETC.

NEWBERRY, §. C.
ELBERT H. AULL, PUBLISHER AND PRINTER.
1897.

4
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‘
Entered according to Act of Congress in the year 1897,
By JOHN A. CHAPMAN,
In the office of the Librarian of Congress,
At Washington, D. C.

 

 
INTRODUCTION.

The author of this book isa native of Edgefield District,
born before it was shorn of its fair proportions, as it was in
1817, before a part was cut off to form the County of Aiken,
and long before it was further divided to form Saluda County.
He was born within three miles of Saluda River on the old
Charleston and Ninety-Six Road, which, in Revolutionary
times, was one of the main highways leading from the low
country and the Congarees to Ninety-Six. The place is now
in Saluda County.

From his boyhood the author was a great reader and student
of history. Nothing pleased him better than to get hold of
some good book telling of the deeds of other times, and stories
of Marion and his men, and others of that heroic age. Unfor-
tunately, books that told the history of that period were too
few; but he had Weems’ Life of Washington and of Marion, and
a book of American Biographies published in 1830, all of which
were well suited to cultivate a taste for history and make the
reader long for more.

With such a training in early life it is not surprising that, as
he grew older, he read everything that could throw light upon
the early history of his State and the formation of the Union
and the rights and duties of the States in the Union.
In writing this book he has faithfully sought and drawn from
every source of information available. All books, of which he
could get hold, giving information of the first settlers and their
struggles, he has used; and individuals and friends in all parts
of the Counties of Edgefield and Saluda, and some outside,
have freely and gladly helped him in his work. To these, one
and all, he gives his grateful and heartfelt thanks. One dear
friend, who loaned him many old books, and who assisted him
greatly otherwise, has only recently, 1896, left this stage of
life for a better, William G. Whilden.
Met: of Edgefield and Saluda, and you children of Edgefield
elsewhere, the author has done his best. This book now be-
dongs to you and to your posterity; and the author cannot per-
mit himself to believe that you will turn coldly from it because
you may think that it has some errors and defects. Of one
truth you may be sure, that it is absolutely impartial in its
treatment of men and their deeds. Can you desire more?
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

 

I.

FIRST SETTLEMENT.

Before the year 1785, Edgefield County was a part of Ninety-
Six District, which then included a very extensive territory in
the upper part of the State. By the Act of the Legislature of
that year, March 12, 1785, Ninety-Six was divided into the
Counties, afterwards called Districts, of Edgefield, Abbeville,
Newberry, Laurens, Union, and Spartanburg. Augusta, as
we shall see, was founded in the year 1736, and a very active
and important trading post had been in existence already for
some years at the place on the Savannah where Hamburg was
afterwards built. Previous to its occupation by white people
the greater part of the territory was in the possession of the
numerous and war-like tribe of Indians, known as the Chero--
kees. The Southern part, lying on the Savannah River, was:
used by other tribes, Savannah, Creek, &c, as hunting
grounds. Of these Indians, their habits, manners, customs,
and traditions, it is not necessary at this time, to write, as our
purpose is to give a history of Edgefield as it has been since its.
occupancy by Europeans and their descendants.

ROVING TRADERS.

For many years before there was any permanent settlement
the whole upper country was traversed by roving traders, who
bought skins and furs from the natives and made large profits.
by the trade. Beavers, buffaloes, bears, and other animals,
whose skins were very valuable, as well as wolves, catamounts,
and wild cats, were quite as plentiful as squirrels and rabbits.
are now. There were also many wild deer, and at one time
the exportation of skins from the State, or colony, ran up as
high as to two hundred and fifty thousand a year. As far
back as the year 1690, some time before the English settlers
on the Ashley knew that there was such a people in existence
as the Cherokees, a man named Daugherty, a trader from Vir-
ginia, lived amongst them for purposes of traffic. From his
6 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

time many adventurers, in search of trade and fortune, fre-
quented all the towns and war-paths of the nation. This
trade, for some years, was very profitable, for the Indians
knew little or nothing of the value of their goods, and for a
few showy trinkets, and gems of small value, the trader on the
Savannah, or the Catawba, could procure peltries which he
could sell in Charleston for many times their cost.

One of the first settlers of the upper country, Anthony Park,
who lived to a very advanced age in the adjoining County of
Newberry, travelled in 1758, several hundred miles among
the Indians to the west of the Alleghany Mountains. And
even then he found several white men who said they had lived
among the natives as traders twenty years; some forty or fifty,
and one as many as sixty years. One of these traders had up-
wards of seventy decendants then living in the nation. These
traders were mostly Scotch or Irish. These men, however,
were not settlers, in the proper sense of the word, although
they had lived for so many years in the nation. They were
only transient persons; pioneers of the true settlers, living in
the wilderness for the purpose of traffic,—a love of adventure,
atid a desire to be rid of the restraints of civilized life. The
territory of Edgefield was traversed, time and again, by these
adventurers, as it lay in the direct line of route from Charles-
ton and the Edistos to the rich, game-abounding country about
Ninety-Six and the country above.

From the best information obtainable, we find that the ear-
liest permanent settlements within the limits of Edgefield
County were made about the year 1748. Ninety-Six was set-
tled about that time. In May, 1730, a party of Monangahela
Indians, led by a Cherokee guide, passed down the Savannah
to attack the Euchees, who were friends of the English. "These
‘Euchees lived about two miles below Silver Bluff. The Mo-
nongahelas were defeated and fled, the Euchees pursuing.
They passed through the pine woods about ten miles from
where Hamburg now is, moving in a direct line for the then
weak settlement of Ninety-Six. The pursuit was so close that
the fleeing Indians were compelled to throw away their guns,
blankets, and plunder. They avoided Ninety-Six and did not
stop running until they reached the Cherokee towns. We find
that one year later, May 7, 1751, Mrs. Mary Gould, called by
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 7

Captain John Fairchild Mrs. Cloud, living on Little Saluda
River, was severely wounded by two Savannah Indians, who
killed her husband and children and a young man who was
sleeping on the floor. These murders were committed treach-
erously, the savages having entered the house in a peaceable
manner and having been kindly entertained by Gould and his
wife. ‘Several distressed families in that neighborhood then
deserted their homes and retreated down the country to the
Congarees to avoid the Indians. In August of the same year
Capt. Fairchild informed the Governor, James Glen, that he
had ranged with his company as high up as Ninety-Six, and
had built near that place a fort of puncheon logs for the pro-
tection of the people of that settlement. That fort was built
on the north banks of John’s Creek, where a flourishing civil-
ized settlement was founded cotemporaneous with the first ever
planted in any part of Ninety-Six District.

In May, 1751, Captain Francis, of Ninety-Six, urged upon
Governor Glen to take into consideration the dangers to which
the people there and on the Saluda were exposed from the in-
cursions of the Northern Indians and the French. In July of
the same year Captain Francis again wrote to the Governor,
urging the necessity of building a fort, and. of sending up a
company of Rangers for the protection of the people. The
fort was built in August by Captain Fairchild. At this time
the Indians were committing considerable depradations. In-
deed, from 1749, soon after the first permanent settlements
were made in the District, to the close of Col. Grant’s cam-
paign in 1761, there was not a family in all this part of Caro-
lina that was not exposed to serious danger from the inroads
and attacks of the savages.

In the summer of 1753, Gov. Glen invited all the leading
men of the nation to meet him in Charleston and hold a gen-
eral conference for the settlement of difficulties. At this time
some Savannah Indians were held as prisoners by the Governor
for depradations committed on the whites, and Little Carpen-
ter, a leading Chief of the Cherokees, said although he did not
defend the Savannahs, yet, ‘‘if they are punished the path
will be made bloody, and no white man will be able to come to
our country.’’ ‘‘You,’’ he says to the Governor, ‘‘and those
about you will be safe; but many a straggling white man will
8 HISTORY OF EEGEFIELD.

lose his life.’’? The conference was long and closed apparently
all right, as there were expressions of good will from both
sides. But the good will was more apparent than real. A
trader, named McDaniel, who had come down with the Chiefs,
refused to return with them, because, he said, ‘‘it would be
certain death for any trader to do so while the Savannahs were
held as prisoners.’’ We hear of these Indians again before
they reach the end of their journey. They returned by the
pathway, or trail, that led to the Congarees and to Saluda Old
Town. On the Little Saluda lived Stephen Holston. His
home was not far from the trail. By the time the Indians had
reached the Little Saluda they had run short of provisions.
The escort of ten soldiers, sent by the Governor, had left them
at the Congarees, and there was no white man with them ex-
cept perhaps the trader Butler, who had long been in their coun-
try. The Indians, forty in all, stopped at Holston’s, surrounded
the house and demanded a supply of provisions. Holston,
himself, was absent, but Mrs. Holston readily supplied their
wants, but in spite of her kindness they continued to show a
restless dissatisfaction which it was impossible for her to
appease. When night came on two of them insisted upon
being permitted to sleep upon the floor of the house. This,
after some hesitation, she permitted. About midnight, when
she and her servants were fast asleep, those outside surrounded
the house, and the two, who had been lying on the floor,
opened the doors, and the whole party rushed in, whooping
and yelling and firing off their guns. Mrs. Holston was ter-
ribly frightened, and finding that they were about to force
open the door of her room, she seized her baby, jumped from
the window to the ground and ran. She did not cease running
until she came to the house of a neighbor several miles distant.
The Indians did not pursue her, as they were not in a very
blood-thirsty humor, but only sullen and discontented. They
contented themselves with robbing the house of all the pewter
plates and dishes, tea cups and a kettle. They took also thirty
bushels of corn, and two valuable mares from the stables.
When Holston returned home he found his property gone
beyond hope of recovery. He laid his complaint before the
Governor and petitioned for indemnity; but whether his peti-
tion was ever granted does not appear.
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 9

The reader will notice that amongst Mrs. Holston’s losses
mention is made of pewter plates and dishes. There are not a
great many persons now living in Edgefield whose memory
goes far enough back to remember when pewter plates and
dishes were displaced by the introduction of delph ware. But
it has not been so very long; nor has it been so very long since
the old fashioned flax wheel and distaff were in common use.
The present writer remembers sitting at table and eating off
pewter plates, many and many times; and the heavy pewter
dishes, or bowls, or basins, in which food was placed upon the
table. All were thick and heavy. I remember also seeing a
strolling manufacturer, with molds, who made thin light plates
and dishes. These, however, were not nearly so good and durable
as the old fashioned thick and heavy ones, though they were
much nicer to look upon. When delph ware first came into
use I found it exceedingly difficult to hold my fork to its place
whenever I tried to cut a piece of meat on my plate. It would
slip and run away. With a pewter plate there was no such
trouble. The fork had firm holding ground as I could always
make one, or both its tines, stick into the metal of the plate
deep enough to hold. I have betrayed myself again—forks
had only two prongs then. They were not split spoons, nor
as well adapted to carrrying food to the mouth as those in use
to-day.

BUILDING FORT KEOWEE.

A fort on the borders of the nation, or in the nation, had
long been desired by the traders and settlers, and even by some
of the best disposed Indians themselves. As early, even, as
1734, the importance of sucha fort had been recognized in
Charleston; but its erection had been put off, from time to
time. And the colonists, instead of building the fort them-
selves, had petitioned the Parliament of Great Britian to
build it. After years of delay the province was compelled to
do the work at its own expense, and the Council directed that
land be purchased from the Indians, and that the fort be
erected as near as possible to the Indian town of Keowee. Ac-
cordingly Governor Glen, iu the fall of 1753, visited the country
of the Lower Cherokees, bought a quantity of land, and built the
fort at Keowee. It was claimed that by this purchase the En-
glish acquired the territory now embraced in the Districts of
Io HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

Abbeville, Edgefield, Laurens, Union, Spartanburg, New-
berry, Chester, Fairfield, Richland, and York. Whether this
claim is just or not, it is certainly true that from this time the
settlements began rapidly to extend. But be this as it may,
the building of the fort, which was called Fort Prince George,
purchased only a brief peace for the nation and short-lived
confidence on the border. Massacres soon began again, and
the savages were as restless and annoying as before.

CONFERENCE AT SALUDA OLD TOWN.

Governor Glen again invited the Chiefs to meet him in con-
ference in Charlestown. ‘They refused to go to Charlestown,
basing their refusal, they said, on the fear of the fatal sickness
which they had before contracted there, and which they might
again contract. ‘whey agreed, however, to meet at some place
between the nation and Charlestown. The meeting took place
at Saluda Old Town in the summer of 1755.

Of what was actually done at this conference we know but
little; but an enthusiastic admirer of the Governor, a man
named Moses Thompson, writing to him in January, 1756,
says: ‘‘I cannot forget my impressions of your paternal care of
South Carolina since you came among us. First, your journey
to Ninety-Six, to settle a peace with the Cherokees; and thence
to Savannah to make peace with the Creeks. Second, your
long journey to the Cherokee Nation to build a fort. Third,
your journey to Saluda, in the heat of summer, to settle a
second peace with the Cherokees in troublous times; which act
crowns all the rest; for I verily believe there never was such a
firm peace made with any Indians before, and all resulting in
the advancement of the indigo manufacture. And likewise
your great care of our back-settlers; for when I was Major
under your Excellency; I cannot forget your care by your in-
structions to me on several occasions; besides your private
letters to me to inform your Excellency of any event, that
proper steps might be taken for our safety. I think your suc-
cessor will have nothing to do but to walk in your footsteps;
for you have paved the plainest road that can be taken, which,
I think, will keep your memory in the minds of the people
when you are dead and gone.”’
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. It

II.

SETTLERS OF VARIOUS NATIONALITIES.

Edgefield, like other parts of the middle sections of the State,
was settled by people representing the various nationalities of
Europe—English, Scotch, Irish, Welch, German, Dutch, and
French—English predominating so greatly as to make the
English language the language of the country; though several
others are spoken in the United States in different sections and
are the every day language of the people, especially German,
Swedish, and French. Like other parts of the upper country,
Edgefield received many settlers from the North, from Penn-
sylvania, Maryland, Virginia, and North Carolina; and also
perhaps some few from colonies farther North. Some also
came from Georgia, as in the early days of that Colony, there
were laws prohibiting the sale and use of rum and other ardent
spirits, and also the introduction of African slaves. Many
Georgia settlers, not liking these laws, moved over into Caro-
lina where the use of both was allowed. No matter from what
region they came, nor of what nationality, they’ were a hardy,
brave, energetic, industrious, adventurous set of men, such
as pioneers must always be.

CULBREATHS, HAZELS, &C.

Among the earliest settlers on the Saluda side of Edgefield,
was a Scotch family, or perhaps there were several families,
who settled in the year 1756 about four imiles south of where
Chappell’s Ferry now is, and near where afterwards was or-
ganized and built by them the Baptist Church of Chestnut
Hill. This church, by the way, was named Chestnut Hill
because it was built on a hill-side near where grew many chest-
nut trees, some very large. This growth was found nowhere
else in the neighborhood. This settlement was called Scot-
land, and is still known and recognized by that name by some
of the older citizens, though the descendants of the Culbreaths,
the original settlers, are no longer there. Joseph Culbreath
was born in Scotland, near Plymouth, in 1747, and was brought
over to Edgefield by his father, Edward Culbreath, who settled
there in 1756. Edward Culbreath, the father, lived only one
year after coming to this country, dying in1757. He left four
sons surviving him, Joseph, John, Daniel, and Edward. These
12 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

all lived to be over seventy yearsofage. Luke Culbreath, the
grandson of Joseph (his father was John whom I remember
well), was eighty-four years of age in May, 1891, and has lived
sixty-two years at his present home near Pleasant Lane, ten
miles north of Edgefield C. H. There were once many Cul-
breaths in ‘‘Scotland,’’ but now there are none in that region
of country and the name is almost extinct in Edgefield. James
Y. Culbreath is a lawyer at Newberry. He is a direct de-
scendant of Edward Culbreath, the founder of the colony at
“Scotland.’’ His father was William, a brother to Luke
Culbreath, above mentioned.

There was a family named Hazel, Scotch also, who came
with Edward Culbreath to seek new homes in a new world.
The head of the family was Harry Hazel. Some of that fam-
ily are still living in that part of the country not far from the
original place of settlement.

Passing down Saluda, not far from ‘‘Scotland,’’ and near
Saluda Old Town, is an old settlement, now owned, that is
part of it, by Johnson Hagood, and is cultivated as a grass
farm, that is, the low grounds bordering on the river. ‘The
other part, which includes the original homestead, is owned
by J. Y. Culbreath, and others, of Newberry. It was here at
this old homestead where Capt. William Butler, of the Revo-
lution, found his wife, Behethland Foote Moore. This place
was settled a few years after the settlement at ‘‘Scotland,’’ by
Mr. Savage from Virginia, who had married the widow Moore,
the mother of several children, William, George, and Beheth-
land.

ABNEYS, &C.

A little out from Saluda, and a mile or two below ‘‘Scot-
land,’’ and on the old Ninety-Six Road, we find that land was
granted to William Abney, February 14th, 1772, sixteen years
after the Culbreaths came. William Abney settled and lived
upon the land thus granted until his death. Some of his de-
scendants, at least some of the Abneys, lived upon the place
in the old house as long as it was a homestead—not a great
many years since. William Abney was the ancestor of John
R. Abney, a lawyer now living in New York City, and of Ben
Abney, elected to the State Legislature from Richland County.
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 13

His home is in Columbia. Healso isa lawyer. Near William
Abney settled Samuel Abney, a brother, I think, to whom land
was granted February 19th, 1772. Michael Abney was in the
same neighborhood. Land was granted to him October 3rd, 1771.
Lower down Saluda, just below Higgins’ Ferry and lying on
the river, land was granted to Dannett Abney, June 14th, 1768.
From him descended O. L. Schumpert, Esq., sometime mem-
ber of the Legislature, afterwards Solicitor of the Circuit in
which he resides. His home is at Newberry. Dannett Abney
met with a tragic fate during the Revolutionary war. He was
butchered in his wife’s arms by Cunningham and his men in
that celebrated raid of 1781, the sole object of which seemed
murderous revenge. To Nathaniel Abney on the river, lying
just above and adjoining Dannett’s, on both sides of the road
leading to the ferry, lands were granted October 5th, 1763,
and September 2oth, 1766.

These Abneys all came from Virginia to this State. The
family is Norman-English, Norman-French. The name was
originally D’Aubigne, and was changed to the present form
four or five hundred years ago—about the middle of the fif-
teenth century. :

Isabella Madison, the wife of Nathaniel Abney, was a great and
wise woman, ruling her household of children and servants with
a firm but gentle hand, wisely and well. Twelve children were
the fruit of this union. Their youngest son, Azariah Abney,
lived and died on the original homestead, and it is still in the
family, owned in 1891 by Joel Abney, a grandson of Azariah.
Dr. M. W. Abney, of Edgefield, was descended from this pair
through his mother, Martha Wills, who was a granddaughter
of Nathaniel Abney. Isabella Abney Boykin, daughter of Dr.
M. W. Abney—died in 1889—was as queenly and wise as her
great ancestress.

Nathaniel Abney was captain of a militia company under
Major Andrew Williamson at Ninety-Six, November 15th,
1775, but what part he took after the war was fairly begun,
and after the Declaration of Independence, does not appear.
But he was on the side of Independence.

These Abneys all obtained grants of land before the Revo-
lutionary war; but there were several others, not yet mentioned,
to whom lands were granted after the war. John Abney, Febru-
14 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

ary 5th, 1798; Paul Abney, February 5th, 1798; Samuel Ab-
ney, January 7th, 1811. As large as this family was at the
beginning of the century, and for some years afterwards, there
are but few persons who now bear the name in Edgefield
County. I should have mentioned just above, that the Rev.
Mark Abney, so well known at Edgefield and in the county;
the good, the pious Christian and useful Baptist preacher, was
also a descendant, a grandson, of Nathaniel Abney and Isabella

Madison.
TOWLSES, CARSONS, &C.

The Towleses, very active and brave Whigs, were, I think,
settlers about the year 1760 above ‘‘Scotland,’’ in the Half
Way Swamp country. Between them and Ned Turner, in
fact between them and almost all Tories, burned the fire of
implacable hatred. The Chappells were also in the same
neighborhood. About Saluda Old Town were the Carsons,
brave and true Whigs. Old Mr. James Carson used to tell an
anecdote of one of the family, his father, I think, very much
like one related by Kennedy of his hero in the story of Horse
Shoe Robinson. He said that one day riding alone he
stopped his horse at a small creek, or stream of running water,
to let him drink. While his horse was drinking, Mr. Carson,
not dreaming of danger so near, naturally let his head fall for-
ward in a thoughtful, meditative manner. When the horse
was through drinking and raised his head to go forward the
road was found to be full of Tories, ready and waiting and
completely blocking the way. Mr. Carson’s first impulse was
to turn and flee the way he had come, but, glancing back-
wards, he found the road barred in his rear also. Without a
moment’s hesitation he rode forward, extended his hand to
the leader of the band and said that he was very glad to meet
them; that he had given up the Whig cause as a failure and
had concluded to take the other side. He affiliated with them
and so entirely disarmed their suspicions that they soon ceased
to watch him closely and in a little while he made his escape.

I do not know the exact time when many of these settlers,
Carsons, Towleses, Butlers (not Gen. Butler’s family), Scurrys,
Andersons, and others, not far from Saluda, Scotland, and the
Island Ford, came into the country; but it was from 1756 to
1766, during which period the great wave of immigration
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 15

rolled down South from Pennsylvania, Virginia, and North
Carolina into South Carolina; when sometimes the number
amounted to as many asa thousand families a year, with all
their movables and horses and cattle.

FERRIES—SALUDA.

In the year 1770, a ferry was established at Saluda Old
Town, from the lands of Charles Carson on the south side of
Saluda, to the opposite shore at the lands of William Turner.
The ferry was vested in Charles Carson, his Executors, Ad-
ministrators, and Assigns. By the same Act a road was or-
dered to be made and laid out from the south side of the ferry
to the nearest and most contiguous part of the road lately laid
out and established by the name of Kelly’s Road.

Anderson’s Ferry over Saluda was established December roth,
1795. This, I believe, is the same as the Island Ford Ferry.
At Abney’s Ford and vested in Nathaniel Abney and Francis
Higgins, December 1r9th,1795. After some years this ferry was
rechartered and vested in Francis Higgins alone, and I believe
it is still known as Higgins’ Ferry, though sometimes called
Kinard’s.

There was a ferry at Chappell’s before the Revolutionary
war—kept by the Chappells. On December 21st, 1792, a
bridge was authorized to be built by Thomas Chappell, in
whom the right of taking tolls was vested. I do not think the
bridge was ever built, as a ferry at that place was rechartered,
December 20th, 1800. And again in 1821, and vested in Charles
Chapman. But in a few years it became Chappell’s Ferry,
which name it held for many years. Recently a bridge has
been built, which is to be free. About the year 1845, Mr.
John Chappell built a single span covered bridge at that place.
The investment was not profitable and the bridge before many
years washed away, and the ferry was reopened.

Previous to the year 1765, the Government of South Caro-
lina had given the upper country very little attention, little
more, indeed, than was found necessary to regulate trade with
the Indians. The Governor and Council could do little more.
In 1765 an Act was passed to establish a ferry from New
Windsor to Augusta. New Windsor was where Hamburg
now is. The place must have been named New Windsor by
16 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

John Stuart, Agent for Indian Affairs, as the ferry was vested
in him.

By the same Act a ferry was established from the terry of
Moses Kirkland to the opposite shore on Saludy River—‘‘Sa-
ludy’’, so spelled in the old printed Act. This same Moses
Kirkland became somewhat celebrated in after years as Agent
of the British and Tories, acting in concert with John Stuart
in rousing the Cherokees to attack the border settlements at
the same time the attack on Fort Moultrie was made.

By the Act of 1768 a road was established from Orangeburg
to Saluda and thence to Bush and Rayburn’s Creeks-—and also
for making and establishing a public ferry over Saludy River,
and vesting the same in Samuel Kelly and John Millhouse.
The road thus ordered to be made from Orangeburg to Saluda
is surely the same known as Kelly’s Road, with which the
road leading from Carson’s Ferry at Saluda Old Town was to
join at the most contiguous part.

Again in 1770 a ferry was established over Saluda River at
the lands of Robert Cunningham—and another ferry over Sa-
vannah River, opposite to Augusta in Georgia.

The reader will notice that these roads and ferries were all
made and established before the Revolutionary war. Others
were opened soon after the war, notice of which will be made.

STEWART SETTLEMENT.

Just below Dannett Abney’s, on Saluda River, was the
Stewart settlement, notorious in local annals for devoted at-
tachment to the Royal cause during the Revolution. and for
their warm personal friendship for Ned Turner and Bill Cun-
ningham. ‘Their homestead was at or near the mouth of
Tosty Creek, a small stream emptying into the Saluda, and
called Tosty, or Tosta, by the natives. This settlement began
as early as 1760, or about that time.

Mr. John Stuart, of New Windsor, on the Savannah River
(whether connected with the Stewarts above named I do not
know), was an officer of the Crown, wholly devoted to the
Royal interest, and to him, for some years previous to the be-
ginning of the war, had been committed the management of
Indian affairs in upper Carolina. Under these circumstances
he felt bound to exert his influence to attach the Indians to
the Royal interest. Very early in the contest he retired to
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 17

West Florida, and from that province employed his brother
Henry, a Mr. Cameron, and some others, to penetrate into the
Cherokee country. A plan was settled by him in concert
with the King’s Governors, and other Royal servants, to land
a British army in West Florida, to proceed with it to the
Western frontiers, and from there, in concert with the Tories
and Indians, to fall on the friends of the Revolution at the
same time the attack should be made on the sea coast. Moses
Kirkland was employed to proceed to Boston to concert with
Gen. Gage, who then commanded there, the necessary means
for accomplishing this design. The plan failed by the capture
of Kirkland and the ship which was conveying him to Boston.
‘The affair had made such progress, however, that the Chero-
kees began their massacres two days after the British fleet
made the attack on Sullivan's Island. Of that war with the
Cherokees, and of the part Edgefield people bore in it, some-
thing more will be said after awhile.

I introduced Mr. John Stuart here, under the impression
that he might possibly be connected with the Stewarts of
Tosty Creek, as they, too, were devoted friends to the Royal
cause. In my boyhood I knew Alexander Stewart well. His
home was at the old family homestead near the Saluda, where
the family first settled. I have frequently heard it said that
he kept and cherished fondly, as a precious memento of olden
times, a British officer’s old red coat, and epaulettes, which had
’ been worn by an ancestor, or kinsman, in the Revolutionary
war. I never saw these things, but I have no doubt of the
truth of the facts stated.
18 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

III.

PERRYS, COLEMANS, TROTTERS, &C.

There were other early settlers in that part of Edgefield
bordering on Big Saluda and Persimmon Creek, not yet men-
tioned. ‘These were the Perrys, Colemans, Trotters, Berrys,
Nunns, Summerses, Rileys, and McCartys, to say nothing as
yet of the Brookses.

As the settlements in Abbeville began about the same time
with those on the Saluda side of Edgefield, we will make a
little excursion into that county. Both counties being parts
of the original District of Ninety-Six their histories are neces-
sarily very intimately connected. In the year 1756, the same
year in which the Culbreaths came to ‘‘Scotland,’’ Patrick
Calhoun, with four families of his friends, settled on Long
Cane in Abbeville. Before he came there were only two fam-
ilies, one named Gowdy, the other Edwards, in that extremity
of the country. After 1763 the population increased rapidly.

INCONVENIENCES OF THE SETTLERS.

At this period of time the settlers in all parts of Ninety-Six
District labored under very great inconveniences in regard to
the administration of justice. Some of the new comers were
not law-abiding, but quite the contrary. Some men were
without families—mere adventurers, who had thrown off the
restraints of civilized life, and felt as though they were
amenable to no law except their own wills.

During the war with the Cherokees, which broke out in
1759, several settlements were broken up and property of
various kinds was abandoned. After this war was over the
evils generated thereby continued for some time. ‘There were
no courts for the trial of violators of law held outside of
Charleston until the year 1770. The only legal authority in
all Ninety-Six District was that of Justice of the Peace ap-
pointed by the Governor. In this unpleasant condition of
affairs it is no wonder that well-disposed citizens were moved
to take the administration of law and justice into their own
hands. And this, although altogether justifiable at first, in-
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. )

variably leads to abuses. In this emergency arose the Society
known as Regulators. These Regulators, in the year 1764,
under the leadership of some of the best men in Ninety-Six
District, such as Thomas Woodward, Joseph Kirkland, and:
Barnaby Pope, organized themselves and signed an instrument
of writing in which they bound themselves to make common
cause in pursuing and arresting all horse thieves and other
criminals. Horse stealing was a very common offence; and
the offenders when caught were tried by the Regulators
and, if found guilty, were punished by whipping on the bare
back, with many or few stripes, according to the number of
their misdeeds. These provoked the horse thieves and their
friends to take active measures to counteract the proceedings
of the Regulators. Nearly all the inhabitants of the istrict
took part on one side or the other. Those opposed to the
measures of the Regulators made such representations to Lord
Charles Montague, then Governor, that he took measures for
their suppression. With this end in view he conferred a high
commission on a man named Scovill, a man whom his neigh-
bors, especially the Regulators, thought very unfit for the
office. As though the District were in a state of rebellion, he
erected the Royal standard and called upon the Regulators to
submit. He arrested two of them and sent them to Charles-
towh, where they were imprisoned. The parties formed op-
posing camps prepared for war, but each one hesitated to begin
the fray. They finally agreed to break up camp, go home,
and that each party petition the Governor for redress of
grievances. ‘This was done, and the result was the passing of
the Circuit Court law, which established Courts at Ninety-Six,
Orangeburg, and Camden. A sullen peace was made, but the
ill feeling between the parties did not die out. A few years
afterwards, when the troubles with the mother country began,
the Scovillites became Tories and the Regulators and their
friends Whigs.

CHANGES IN THE NAMES OF PLACES.

It is curious to note the changes that have taken place in
the names of some places since the country was first occupied
by the whites. Hamburg was originally Savannah Town,
taking its name from the native Savannahs. It was an im-
20 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

sportant trading station, and about the year 1730 Fort Moore
ayas erected near it for its better protection. After that period
-the place was usually referred to as Fort Moore. In the year
1747, a ferry over the Savannah River was established at the
garrison of Fort Moore in New Windsor—rechartered, as al-
- ready mentioned; in 1765, from New Windsor to Augusta, Ga.
For some years Savannah Town, or Fort Moore, was a very
important trading station, the Indians, themselves, cutting a
trail from their upper towns down the east bank of the Savan-
nah to that place. After Augusta was founded in 1736, the
trade was drawn off; Savannah Town was deserted, and Au-
‘gusta soon became a large town, with many houses and people,
-and a busy trading mart. This city is the first example on
the Continent of the rapid growth of a Western village into a
populous town.

Many years afterwards an enterprising Hollander, named
Shultz, of whom a sketch will be given further on, built
the city of Hamburg as a rival to Augusta. For a long
time it was an active busy place doing a large trade. It was
the terminus of the South Carolina Rail Road, which con-
nected it with Charleston. At the time of its completion this
‘was the longest rail road in the world. Hamburg was a for-
-midable rival to Augusta, but its glory has long since de-

-parted. Some time during the year 1862, or 1863, I rode
through it with a friend in a buggy, and it was then the most
Jonely, desolate looking place I had ever seen. What it is
.aow I know not. I have never seen it since, except from the
windows of the rail road coach as I passed down the road.
Hamburg died, but Augusta still grows and has never faltered
nor halted on its way of progress from the year of its founding
utitil now.

OPENING OF PUBLIC ROAD.

‘In the year 1770 a public road was opened and established
“from Orangeburg Bridge to Indian Head: one from Indian
Head to the road which leads from the Ridge to Augusta; one
‘from the Ridge Road to Long Cane Creek; one from Long
Cane to Great Rocky Creek; one from Great Rocky Creek to
Mountain Creek, near Coffee Town; and one from Robert
Goudy’s at Ninety-Six to the Ridge, and from thence to the
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 2h

road that leads from Indian Head to Long Cane. The student
of Edgefield history will see from the establishment of these
roads, and also of the ferries across the Saluda and Savannah.
Rivers, that the progress of the settiements and the increase
of population was quite rapid. Twenty years had made a
wonderful change. But the same rapid evolution of life has:
been going on without cessation from that day to this. I re-
member when Chicago was a village in a marsh. I remember
Fremont’s expedition across the Rocky Mountains when his.
men were compelled to kill and eat their starving mules to
keep themselves from starving. I remember when the West
beyond the Mississippi was a region almost as little known as.
the interior of Africa is now. San Francisco was not: Texas
was not, save as an unexplored Mexican province, the home of
countless buffaloes and wild horses. We here have stood almost
still, but the wave of population has rolled steadily westward,
across mountains and rivers; building great cities as it moved,
and making iron and steel roads for travel, until it has met the
far Pacific in the West. Do the waves of Ocean stop the
movement? Nay! Japan is quickened and awakes to a new
life, feeling an electric shock from the land across the Sea.

CHRISTIAN PRIBER.

We have seen that although there were occasional wrongs
done by both whites and Indians, yet it is probable that there
would have been no general war between the English settlers
and the natives of the upper country had it not been for the’
intrigues of the French. At an early day the French had oc-
cupied the northern portions of the Continent; they had passed
westward through the Great Lakes; had found the upper part
of the Mississippi; had explored that river to its mouth; had
founded the city of New Orleans; had built a chain of forts
from its mouth to its upper waters, and now aspired to the oc-
cupation of the larger part of the Continent by hemming in the
English and confining them to the slope on the Atlantic lying
east of the Alleghany Mountains. To be successful in this
‘grand scheme, it was necessary that they should foment dis-
cord and keep up an endless war between the English and the
native Indians. In these efforts they were only too successful.
though the ultimate result was loss to themselves, and the sur-
22. HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.:

render, after many years of bloody and useless war, of all their
northern possessions to. the English. Louisiana, an immense
tract of country, comprising their southern and western pos-
sessions, was purchased from the Emperor Napoleon by Mr.

Jefferson in 1803. One of the greatest, most artful, and most
successful intriguers the French ever sent amongst the Chero-
kkees was a man named Christian Priber, a German Jesuit in
the service of France. He was sent amongst them as early as
the year 1736, the year of the founding of Augusta. Although
a man of great learning and intelligence; a Hebrew, Greek,
and Latin scholar, yet he made himself, to all intents and pur-
poses, an Indian. He married an Indian woman of great
beauty and intelligence; painted himself as a son of the wilder-
ness, and so completely identified himself with the natives that
his most intimate friends could scarcely have distinguished
him from the people with whom he lived. He entirely won
their confidence and impressed their minds with feelings of
hatred and contempt for the English, representing them as
rapacious, greedy, and dishonest. Priber’s object seems to
have been the founding of a great Indian Empire, composed of
the Cherokees, Creeks, Choctaws, and other tribes. Had he
lived it is problematical whether he could have succeeded or
not, but his career was cut short by his captivity and death.

About the year 1741, business called him to Mobile, which
was then a French town, near the head of navigation on the
“Tallapoosa, the English traders among the Creeks, suspecting
the object of his journey, went in a body to the town of Tooka-
hatchka, where he was lodging, and arrested him. They car-
tied him to Frederica; delivered him to Gov. Oglethorpe, who
put him in prision, where he soon afterwards died. But his
influence did not die with him. He had filled the minds of
the natives with distrust of the English, which never ceased to
rankle in their hearts and always prevented a firm and settled
peace. In the meantime, also, the use of rum had lowered
and degraded their manhood, and the small-pox, carried up
from Charlestown in a pack-horse train of goods, had further
demoralized them by carrying off many in death, and disfigur-
ing for life many of the survivors. All these evil influences
combined produced a state of ill feeling in the nation, which
was never entirely allayed, and finally culminated in the great
HISTORY. OF EDGEFIELD.: 23.

war of 1760-61, at the conclusion of which the Cherokees
parted with a large portion of their lands, and retired higher up
the country, near and among the mountains. This war is usu-
ally known as Grant’s war. Colonel Grant was a Scotchman,
a colonel in the regular British service, and had general com-
mand of the forces engaged—the troops raised by the Province
of South Carolina, as well as his own regiment,—though the
South Carolina regiment was under the immediate command of
Col. Middleton.

.In this war first appear the names of Andrew Pickens and
of others of Ninety-Six District; and Francis Marion, of the
low country, who served with distinction and found it a good
training school for service in that great war which was to fol-
low not many years thereafter. Andrew Pickens was a native
of Pennsylvania, and had moved to Ninety-Six District only a
few years before the outbreak of this war.
24 HISTORY OF EEGEFIELD.

IV.

OBSTRUCTING WATER COURSES.

In the early days of Edgefield fish of various kinds were so
abundant, and furnished so much food for the people and of
such excellent quality, that their preservation was considered
_a matter of prime importance. Owing to the increase of popu-
lation it bezame necessary to build mills for the grinding of
corn into meal to supply the people with bread, and also saw-
mills for the cutting of timber into plank for building pur-
poses. This was before the days of steam, and dams across.
the streams became necessary in order to utilize the water
power. These dams, of course, obstructed the free passage of
fish, and especially shad, which in the early days of the colony,
at certain seasons, were very numerous in all the larger streams
nearly up to their sources. Here was a conflict of interests.
The mills were necessary for the grinding of corn and also for
the sawing of lumber, and the fish were a necessary article of
food. ‘The complaints of the people whose supply of fish was,
in a great measure, cut off by the dams, became so earnest and
troublesome, that the matter was made a subject of legislative
investigation, and resulted in the passage of a Fish Sluice Law,
March 26th, 1784. It was enacted that all owners of all dams,
or other obstructions, on Broad, Saludy, Pacolet, Tyger, and
Enoree Rivers, and Steven’s Creek, should, within six months
after the passage of this Act, build slopes, or make openings
in their dams or obstructions, so that the fish at all times might
freely pass up or down said rivers; in default whereof the per-
son offending, shall on conviction, forfeit the sum of forty
shillings for every day such obstruction should continue. But
the necessity of having good mills was so great that it con-
quered the supposed necessity of having a good supply of fish
and the law at length became obsolete and died a natural death
—I think it never was repealed. But the right to catch shad
in Saluda, and the profit resulting therefrom, were not aban-
doned without severe struggles to retain them; the last and
most determined of which occurred in 1824. In that year a
company of twenty men living near Saluda, in the districts of:
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 25

Abbeville: and Laurens—none from Edgefield, it appears—
assembled at Swansey’s Ferry, with a boat ready to float down
the river, with all necessary tools and implements for cutting
away the dam at Lorick’s Mills—now owned by James Her-
bert—which obstructed the free passage of fish. The law
could not operate itself, and as the people in the neighborhood
of the dam did not seem disposed to enforce it, and as they
lived too far remote from the obstruction and from the Court
House of the District in which the obstruction lay, they pre-
ferred to carry out the provisions of the law in short form, the
due and ancient form being entirely too inconvenient. This
dam had been built, partly or entirely, at the expense of the
State under the auspices of Col. Blanding, as part of his great
scheme of making the Saluda a navigable stream. The canal,
which was dug in furtherance of the scheme, has never en-
tirely filled up yet, and is still to be seen. It was dug on the
Newberry side of the river. The dam was very strongly built,
with heavy pens of rock below it to buttress and secure it.
Showing some respect for the Statute a small, narrow gap had
been left open, but not deep enough for the purpose required
by the law. When the party arrived at the scene of action
and saw the strength of the dam and considered the magnitude
of the work they would have to do if they accomplished their
purpose, their ardor was considerably dashed. However, they
concluded that it would not do to return home without having
done something, and so they bravely set to work and toiled
arduously for three days. In that time they opened a passage
six feet wide and considerably deeper than the original one.
Concluding this to be sufficient for the end designed, they de-
sisted and returned home. Numerous spectators had gathered
on both sides to witness the proceedings, but no one offered any
opposition. A short time afterwar.'s the breach was effectually
closed, and the dam made stronger than ever before. No
effort was ever again made to remove the obstruction.

EDUCATION.

Education has never been neglected in Edgefield by the peo-
ple nor by the State. Doubtless there has been individual
neglect, and there still is, notwithstanding the universal free
school system. At all times since the first settlements were
26: HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD..

made there have been many good schools in the county, and.
it has always been possible for those persons who desired a.
good education to get it. On this subject I can write know-
ingly, for I am a native of Edgefield County. All the educa-
tion I ever received at school was received in the County, at
schools taught by teachers natives of the County, with the ex-
ception of three, and only two of the three were from other
States,—one from Maine, who married and lived in the County
the balance of his life—living at this time, 1891, I believe; the
other was from North Carolina; and, I fear, the least compe-
tent of all to teach what he professed. One was a native of
York County, a brother of Gen. D. H. Hill. One of my
teachers was Charles K. Johnson, a son of Rev. William B.
Johnson, of Edgefield, founder of the Johnson Female Institute
at Anderson. Charles K. Johnson was a graduate of Yale
College; a ripe scholar—a man for whom I felt a reverence as
great as it is possible for a boy to feel towards any young man.
To me, whatever he may have been to others, he never spoke
a harsh word, but was always as mild and gentle as possible.
I shall always bear him in grateful remembrance and think of
him as the type of the perfect gentleman. What he was in the
world I know not, I never knew; soI can only think of him,
and it does me good to think of him as all that was noble.
From him I learned the mysteries of English and of Latin
grammar, and learned to read a little Latin. In the war
against the Seminole Indians, he was a volunteer and served a
three months term in Florida. He afterwards went to New
Orleans, in which city he died. In those days when I was a
pupil of Mr. Johnson’s, short- breasted, long-tailed, swallow-
tailed blue coats were in fashion, with bright, bras: buttons on
the breast and skirt. I can never forget how much I admired
the appearance of Mr. Johnson and his friend George Addison,
who was also a pupil, as they walked off together after school
was over for the day. The tip ends of the long skirts of their
coats touched the calves of their legs, and they were both tall
young men. It was at this school that I first saw Preston S.
Brooks, James C. Brooks, Thomas Butler, Butler Thompson,
Bart Blocker, Thomas Bird, John R. Weaver, George Blocker,
W. L. Jennings, George Bell, Mahlon Padgett, two or three
Tomkinses, W. W. Adams, and many others, some of whom
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 27°

liave long since gone to the land.of the leal, and some still
linger here.

As it was in the section where I was born and reared so I
have reason to believe it was in all parts of Edgefield. The
opportunity to acquire a common school education; if no more,
was always there, even from the first. Some parents willfully
neglected the opportunities and advantages before them and
permitted their children to grow up in ignorance. I knew one
family where the children grew up with very little knowledge
of books and whose manners were rather uncouth and unre-
fined; but who, so far as money was concerned, were prosper-
ous and well todo. Indeed, it was the love of money, the
desire to accumulate, that caused the parents in this case to
neglect the education of their children. Money was pxeierred
to letters. Are there not some such cases yet? Not only
were there schools in all parts of the county where reading,
writing, and arithmetic were taught, and where these were,
perhaps, the highest branches, with a course of Lindley Mur-
ray; but there were academies of a higher order in different
parts of the State and county, in which a better education could
be obtained. The same Legislature which divided Ninety-Six
District into several smaller counties, chartered a college to be
erected at Ninety-Six, and also other colleges at several other
places in the State. On March 17th, 1785, five days after the
passage of the Act for the division of Ninety Six-District, an
Act was passed for erecting and éstablishing a College at Winns-
borough, in the District of Camden; a college in or near the
city of Charlestown; and a college at Ninety-Six, in the Dis-
trict of Ninety-Six, in the State of South Carolina. Similar
Acts had been passed before the Revolution, and some were
passed even during that stormy period. Nor was the State ever
backward in appropriating money for Common School pur-
poses. The appropriations were always liberal; amply sufh-
cient, as was supposed, to meet all the exigencies of the case;
that is, the education in the common English branches, of all
who were not able to educate themselves. The public school
system, as we have it now, is a creature of modern introduc-
tion, and the State pays, per annum, for each child so edu-
cated about two dollars. Under the old system each child,
edacated by the funds appropriated for that purpose, cost never
28 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

less than four dollars per year, and sometimes as much as ten
in Edgefield. I do not wish to condemn our present school
system, but it does not, and cannot, in the very nature of
things, give an education worthy of the name. However, if
one is thirsty and cannot have a full draught of water it
is better to have a spoonful than none. For our present pur-
pose it is enough to say that the cause of education has never
been neglected in Edgefield. A county which has produced
and reared such men as Maximillian LaBorde, A. P. Butler,
P. M. Butler, the Bacons, Brookses, Charles K. Johnson, and
many others, and which has been the home of the Hammonds,
Chancellor Wardlaw, Carroll, Griffin, Spann, Moragne, Mc-
Duffie, General Gary, and others, whose names I cannot now call
to mind, has no cause to be ashamed of itself. Of the living,
as the Tillmans, Senator Butler, the pen of the historian should
not write much; but as public men and servants have we any
reason to be ashamed of them?

The Edgefield Village Academy was incorporated December
18th, 1824, though the village itself was not an incorporated
town until 1830. The Academy was established and in suc-
cessful operation some years before it was incorporated.
James J. Caldwell, of Newberry, afterwards Chancellor, taught
there in 1819. The village was made the county seat in 1791
and the first court was held there early in 1792. Certain
escheated property was to vest in the village and the Society
Academies to the amount of ten thousand dollars. In Decem-
ber, 1815, thirty-seven thousand dollars were appropriated by
the State for general educational purposes, of which Edgefield
received its due proportion. It was also enacted at the same
time, that not less tham that amount should be the annual ap-
propriation. An inspection of the Acts of the Legislature will
show that the State was never indifferent to the education of
its children.

Professor La Borde received his early education at the Edge-
field Village Academy, and thus writes of it: “Among my
early teachers was Robert L. Armstrong, who taught for four
years in the Edgefield Village Academy. He was from York
District in our State, and a graduate of our College. He was
remarkable for his industry and_ strict discipline. The
Academy prospered under his direction—students poured
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 29

in from the contiguous districts, and not a few from Geor-
gia.”’

At this time, 1891, there are graded schools in operation in
the town of Edgefield, in which several hundred children, both
black and white, receive instruction in the ordinary English
branches at the public expense. Besides the public schools,
which have proven insufficient for complete educational pur-
poses, there are open, for eight or nine months in the year, not
less than twenty good schools in which the pupils pay for their
tuition.
30 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

V.

THE BUTLER FAMILY. ;

Passing out from Saluda to the neighborhood of Big Creek,
near where Butler Church, Methodist, now stands, we find the
old homestead of the Butler family. Capt. James Butler, the
founder of the family in Edgefield, came from Prince William
County, Virginia, a few years before the breaking out of the
Revolutionary war, bringing with him his family.

FROM A. P. BUTLER’S FAMILY BIBLE.

The following entries are taken from an old Bible which
James Butler had at his death:

William Butler, son of James Butler and Mary his wife
(before marriage a Miss Simpson), was born December 17th,
1759.

James Butler, son of James Butler and Mary his wife, was
born March 2nd, 1761.

Thomas Butler, son of James Butler and Mary his wife, was
born November 4th, 1763.

Nancy Butler, daughter of James Butler and Mary his wife,
was born September 27th, 1765.

Elizabeth Butler, daughter of James Butler and Mary his
wife, was born 17th December, 1766.

Sampson Butler, the son of the above, was born February
18th, 1769.

Note.—What is found on this page was written by my
grandfather before or during his imprisonment in Charleston.

The names of the two scns, Stanmore and Mason Butler, are
from some cause omitted.

Jn another place in the Bible is this: Gen William Butler
was born in Loudon County, Virginia, in 1759.

William Butler married Behethland Foote Moore June 3d,
1784.

Behethland Foote Moore was born near the Maryland line in
Virginia, December 28th, 1764.

Mr. William P. Butler, in some notes that he gave me of the
Butler Family, says: ‘‘We have no knowledge of Capt. James
Butler prior to his emigrating from Virginia between 1680 and
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 3r

‘and 1720.’’ ‘This is quite a mistake, as his son William was
born in Virginia in 1759. He says also that: ‘‘Miss Sarah But-
ler, sister of Capt. James Butler, killed on Cloud’s Creek, by
Cunningham’s band of tories, married first Capt. Smallwood
Smith, by whom she had two children, recollected Jacob B.
Smith and Sarah Butler Smith, wife of Ryden G. Mays.”’

Elsewhere it is stated that Sarah Butler married Jacob Smith
of Mount Willing.

The following is a copy from a manuscript written by Hon.
A. P. Butler:

FAMILY MEMOIR.

General William Butler, the subject of this memoir, was
born in Prince William County, Virginia, in 1759. His father,
Captain James Butler, removed with his family to South Caro-
lina and settled in the District of Ninety-Six a few years before
the Revolution. They were destined to take their full share
in the stormy times that were approaching. ~ Captain Butler,
before he had time to attend his private affairs, was called
upon to engage in the public concerns of the country. He
served in the Snow Camp Expedition under General Richard-
son and was under General Williamson in his expedition
against the Cherokee Indians. In 1779, upon the call of
General Lincoln, who had assumed command of the Southern
forces, he repaired to his camp near Augusta, Ga., but was
taken sick and was unable to follow the army in the subse-
quent campaign.

From this period few events of Revolutionary interest oc-
curred in the upper part of the State until after the fall of
Charleston. The capitulation of the forces in the city and the
dispersion or retreat of the small detached corps, which had
kept the field during the siege, was regarded by the Royal
. commander as a restoration of British authority, and both
civil and military organizations were engaged to maintain it.
The inhabitants of the State were called upon to swear alle-
giance to the British authority and to take British protection.
The village of Ninety-Six was designated as a place for the
surrounding country to appear for the purpose. The proc-
lamation was thought to be delusive and many persons
appeared on the day without fully understanding its import.
32 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

Among these was Capt. James Butler, who, when informed of
what was demanded of him, positively refused to conform to
the terms of the proclamation. The British officers in com-
mand immediately put him in irons and threw him in Ninety-
Six jail, from whence he was transferred to Charleston where
he was confined in the provost for eighteen months. Upon
his release, towards the last of the year 1781, from this severe
and lengthened imprisonment he returned once more to his
home, where he was fated to remain but three weeks before he
was called on to seal with his life his devotion to the cause in
which he had already suffered so much. ‘The incidents of the
bloody tragedy in which he died can be paralelled only in the
annals of civil strife.

From the beginning of the contest with the mother country
a difference of sentiment had existed in the State on this sub-
ject. South Carolina had been a pet province of the Crown.
The grievances complained of by the commercial colonies were
unfelt by her, and a strong conservative feeling pervaded a
large class of her people. This feeling was strongest in the
up country where the inhabitants took arms from the begin-
ning upon either side of the quarrel, and the contest conducted
by irregular troops assumed a savage guerilla character, in
which, says General Greene, the inhabitants pursued each
other like wild beasts.

A marauding party of Loyalists had made an incursion in
the neighborhood of Mount Willing, near which Capt. Butler
lived, carrying off considerable booty, and a band of Whigs
being formed for their pursuit, he was called upon to take com-
mand of the expedition. At first he positively refused to go
at all, saying that his hardships and privations already en-
dured, and his recent return to his home ought to exempt him
from such an undertaking. But his son, James Butler, one
of the party, refusing to continue of the expedition unless his-
father assumed its direction, Captain Butler yielded to the appeal
and consented to go as an adviser, the actual command being
in Captain Turner. ‘The Loyalists were overtaken, dispersed at
Farra’s Spring, in Lexington District, and the horses and cat-
tle they had taken recaptured. Upon the return of the Whig
party they stopped at Cloud’s Creek and encamped, refusing
to move onwards or to adopt the ordinary precaution against
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 33

surprise, notwithstanding the urgent remonstraices of Captain
Butler. It was not known then who were the Loyalists they
had been pursuing, but the next morning demonstrated the
wisdom of his advice. They proved to have been connected
with a larger band, and about sunrise, the band amounting to
some three hundred men, under the lead of William Cunning-
ham, approached and attacked the camp. ‘Taken by surprise
and utterly disorganized, the little party of Whigs, about
thirty in number, rallied and took shelter in an unfinished
log house without doors or windows. They were fired upon
by Cunningham’s party, and a demand for surrender per-
emptorily made. Its terms were enquired by the Whigs and
the response of the Tories was that they were unconditional,
but that they would receive a communication from them.

Smallwood Smith was selected for the office; Cunningham’s
first inquiry was who are of your party? On hearing that
young James Butler, the son who had been engaged in the
‘affair in which Radcliff was killed was among them, he deter-
mined to give no terms that would exempt this young man
from his sword. Cunningham was well acquainted with the
father, Capt. Butler, having served with him in the expedition
against the Indians, to which allusion has already been made.
It is said he had rather a partiality for him and would have
entertained terms of capitulation with the party had it not
been for the presence of the son.

Capt. James Butler sent Cunningham a special message that
if he would spare his son he would make an unconditional
surrender of himself. The young man, however, learning
Cunningham’s animosity to himself and entertaining the im-
pression that his father or he would be sacrificed in the event
of any surrender, determined to run all the hazards of a con-
test of arms, and exclaiming that he would settle the terms of
capitulation, commenced the contest by firing his rifle and
killing a Tory by the name of Stewart. It is said that nego-
tiation had been commenced to save the officers and sacrifice
the privates. But be this as it may, this demonstration of
courage concluded the parley, and young Butler, but 19 years
old, received a mortal wound while kneeling to pick his flint
for a second discharge. The gallant but expiring boy called his
father, who had gone upon the expedition unarmed in his
34 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

character as adviser, to his side, handed him his rifle; and told
him there were yet a few balls in his pouch. The father took
the gun and discharged it until the ammunition was exhausted.
But the death of the young man produced a panic in the little
party contending against such hopeless odds, ahd an uncondi-
tional surrender was the result.

They were placed upon a ladder placed as a bench and heard
the terrific order given to put them to the unsparing sword of
retaliation and revenge, but two of the number escaped; the
rest were slaughtered where they stood. Capt. James Butler
caught up a pitchfork and defended himself until his right
hand was severed by a sabre stroke.

The tragedy did not terminate here. A detachment of
Tories, under the command of Prescott, a subordinate leader,
was left to meet any burying party that might be sent to inter
the mangled victims, and especially to meet the subject of our
memoir, then a Captain of Rangers, who, it was expected,
would hasten to the spot. But William Butler was too far
from the sad scene to be present even at the funeral ceremo-
nial. Women performed the melancholy rites. Mrs. Sarah
Smith, a sister of James Butler, the elder, (his widow at the
time being in astate of confinement) was summoned tothe scene.
Her brother’s body was recognised by his hand being severed,
but the rest could not be identified by their relatives. James
Butler, the younger, was supposed to be identified. A large
pit was dug, into which the unburied bodies were indiscrimi-
nately placed; but a separate grave was prepared by the direc-
tion of Mrs. Smith, in which the remains of the Butlers, father
and son, were deposited and over which an humble monument
with filial piety has since been erected.

WILLIAM BUTLER.

When Lincoln issued his procl?mation from his camp near
Augusta, William Butler repaired to his standard as a lieuten-
ant of militia. The American leader’s purpose was the inva-
sion and reclamation of Georgia. Leaving a corps of observa-
tion at Purysburg, under Moultrie, he had scarcely crossed the
Savannah River higher up when his sagacious adversary,
Prevost, finding the way to Charleston open, made a brilliant
dash for the capture of that city, and had nearly succeeded.
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 35

When he crossed the Savannah the city was without defences,
and Lincoln believing the movement but a feint, delayed to:
pursue him; but Moultrie, throwing himself in his path, met
him at Tulifiny and Coosawhatchie, and by a defensive retreat -
delayed his advance until field works sufficient to withstand anu .
assault could be thrown up for the defence of the city.

The approach of Lincoln's force, as well as Governor Rut: -
ledge with militia from Orangeburg, forbade regular ap-
proaches, and Prevost commenced his retreat by way of the -
islands to Savannah. ‘The militia from the up country were
then discharged, but William Butler, who had been of the de-
tachment engaged in the action of Stono, remained and at-
tached laimself to Pulaski’s Legion, in which he remained
during the campaign of 1779. He was with the gallant Pole -
until his death at the siege of Savannah, and always spoke of ©
him as a bold, dashing dragoon officer. (He complimented!
his memory by naming one of his grandson’s after him.)

During the captivity of his father in Charleston all the re
sponsibilities of family obligations devolved upon William
Butler. It was at that time, too, the time immediately suc-
ceeding the fall of Charleston, that that brilliant race of par-
tisam leaders, whose achievements threw so much of romance
over the war at the South, sprang into existence. And when
General Greene took command of the Southern army in 1780,
the depression which had followed the fall of Charleston dis-
appeared entirely from public sentiment and South Carolina
was once more the most warlike State of the Confederacy.

General Greene’s movement upon Ninety-Six is a matter of
history. At that time William Butler was serving under Gen-
eral Pickens on the Carolina side of the Savannah River near
Augusta. He was at the siege of Augusta, and after the fall
of that place, having been detailed by General Pickens to
attend Colonel Lee to Ninety-Six, then also besieged, he was.
present at the interview between Greene and Lee, upon Lee’s
arrival, in the which the latter suggested the attack upon the
stockade. General Butler always expressed himself with em-
phasis in speaking of this interview, repeating the words of
Lee, that ‘'the spring must be taken.’’ Greene replied:
“‘How can it be done without a general assault?’ Lee re-
sponded: ‘‘Allow me to take the stockade on the opposite side
36 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

and my guns will then drive them from the water.’’ The
.stockade was then taken and the garrison deprived of the use
of the spring, an operation which it has been conceded by
-anilitary critics if accomplished at an earlier period of the siege
would have resulted in the fall of the place before it could have
been relieved. As it was, Cruger, commanding the garrison,
managed to prolong his defeuce by sinking wells in the star
redoubt. Terms of capitulation had been proposed which
Greene refused, believing he could still take the place by
_pushing the sap against the star redoubt under Kosciusko’s
~directions, The approach of Lord Rawdon with the relieving
“force blasted his hopes.

A corps was detached to meet Rawdon while an assault
upon an incomplete breach was hazarded. Some skirmishing
between Rawdon’s advance guard and this corps took place
near Saluda Old Town, in which some were killed and several
wounded. A young lieutenant from Virginia by the name of
‘Wade was shot, and as he fell from his saddle, with a genuine
‘trooper’s care for his steed, forgetting himself, exclaimed
‘to his comrades: ‘‘Don’t let my horse fall into the hands
-of the enemy.’’ He was carried to the house of Samuel
Savage and finally recovered. The Americans fell back
-and the combatants had not long swept by when a young
-dragoon officer with a white plume and the cockade of
the Whigs in his hat, and accompanied by an orderly,
rode up to Mr. Savage’s and learned from his step-daughter,
who had just returned from the vicinity of Ninety-Six,
that the siege was raised and Greene in full retreat had
crossed Saluda at the Island ford, with Lee’s legion bringing up
the rear. The young officer was William Butler, and this was
his first meeting with the lady whom he subsequently married.
-He had been detached from the army of Ninety-Six upon some
.separate service under General Henderson, from whom he
derived his first commission as captain in 178r. He at once
‘determined to join the retreating army, and being told that
.two stragglers from Rawdon’s force were down in Savage’s
low grounds, taking the plantation horses, he took them pris-
‘oners, mounted one of them behind himself and the other
behind his orderly, swam Saluda near what is now called Boaz-
«man’s Ferry, and joined Lee about ten miles from the Island
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 37

ford on the Newberry side. He had learned from the prisoners.
that Rawdon had rushed forward a, strong light corps, em-

bracing both cavalry and infantry, in hot pursuit of the Amer-
icans. When William Butler came up with Lee he informed.
him of the pursuit, and the information came none too soon.

Lee had halted his command and was lying on his saddle-
blanket, making a pillow of his saddle. His prompt direction.
to Armstrong, one of his captains, was: ‘‘Form your troops im.
the rear and fight while we run.’’ The legion was barely
again on the march when the enemy appeared; but Armstrong”
made the required demonstrations with such gallantry and con-
fidence that the enemy, apprehending an engagement with a
stronger force, paused for reinforcements and Lee was enabled.
to put himself in close communication with the main body,

which was then halted at Bushes Creek.

After this time William Butler was a partisan, sometimes
serving as second in command under Ryan, and sometimes in
the same position under Watson—both partisan leaders of
local distinction. At a subsequent period he raised and
commanded a company of mounted Rangers, under a
commission from General Pickens, confirmed by the Goy-
ernor of the State. While serving under Watson he was
engaged in an expedition against a band of Tories, who had
organized themselves on Edisto. The expedition rendezvoused.
at the Ridge, Edgefield District. Michael Watson, the leader,.
was a determined and resentful man, and consulted too. much
the counsels which these feelings suggested. When they met
the Tories at Dean’s Swamp the latter were stronger than had.
been expected, and though partly taken in ambush and the:
Tories occupying a strong position he disdained a retreat.
The Whigs had fallen back at the first fire with symptoms of
panic and a faltering response to the order tocharge. But few
obeyed with the stern alacrity they were wont to welcome it.
Many obeyed not at all. Again driven back, the stern old war-
rior shouted his rally and ordered his men to stand to their duty.
But about fifteen came up to the call. They had originally
gone into the fight against superior numbers, and the Tories:
strongly posted in the swamp, which position they still main-
tained. Watson was mortally wounded by a ball through the-
hip while loading his rifle behind a tree. William Butler then.
38 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

assumed the command, giving his lieutenancy to John Corley,
and, the danger of the party requiring a resort to desperate
measures, placed him in rear with an order to cut down the
first man that gave way. It happened that Joseph Corley,
among others, was about to give way, which would have left
the small remnant of the Whigs to certain destruction. John
Corley, true to his instructions, with drawn sword menaced
his brother with instant death unless he returned to his post.
Joseph did return and behaved well afterwards.

Vardell had been killed, and before his breath left him he
begged his comrades not to let his body fall into the hands of
the Tories. The wounded Watson, lying between the con-
tending parties, had made a similar appeal, specially to Wil-
liam Butler: ‘‘Billy, do not let them take me.”’

The Whigs made one more charge and carrying off their
comrades retreated, but found time to bury poor Vardell under
a clay root and cover him with their swords. At some little
distance from the scene of conflict they took refuge in a
wooden outhouse, being pursued, but circumspectly, by the
‘Tories. Watson, severely wounded, and the sudden ap-
prehension of dcath, still maintained a military resolution.
A woman heppened to be in the house in which they entered
whose infant, some three weeks old, was in a dwelling some
distance off. Watson insisted she should be detained; that
their weakened condition required concealment and she might
betray them. They found, means, however, to get informa-
tion of their perilous situation to Orangeburg, and Captain,
subsequently General Rumph, hastened to their relief. Under
his escort Watson was carried upon a litter in a dying con-
dition to Orangeburg where he expired and was buried. Wil-
liam Butler superintended the military honors of his funeral.

While serving with Ryan the subject of our memoir was
engaged in another expedition against the Tories in Orange-
burg District. They were in force near the Court House. A
number of Tories, finding their condition desperate, deserted
to the Whigs, and Ryan, distrusting them, placed them in front
with instructions to his men to shoot them if they proved false.
In the fight which ensued his chief was again disabled and
William Butler assumed the command. The Tories were de-
feated.
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 3>

In 1782 Cunningham made a second incursion into the
Ninety-Six District. Perfectly familiar with the country in
his youth, possessed of great sagacity, fertility in military ex-
pedients and endowed with .all the physical qualities so essen-
tial to the partizan, he was no mean adversary to contend with.
A favorite manceuvre with him was to divide his command
upon the march into small detachments, to be concentrated by
different routes near the point at which the blow was aimed.
In this mainer he had concentrated his force at Caradine’s ford
on Saluda. William Butler then was commanding a company
of Rangers under the authority of General Pickens and, with
a portion of his company marched to meet him. With a view
to ascertain the enemy's position he resorted toa ruse. Ap-
proaching the residence of Joseph Cunningham, near the junc-
tion of Little Saluda with Big Saluda, he sent forward his
brother, Thomas Butler, with Abner Corley to the house at
night. Thomas Butler was an excellent mimic and, imitating
the voice of one of William Cunningham’s men, called Nibletts,
asked from without where our friend Cunningham was. The
wife of Joseph Cunningham replied that he had crossed at
Caradine’s ford. With that information William Butler him-
self rode up to the house and mounting Joseph Cunningham
ona horse compelled him to guide the party across the ford.

They crossed the ford at 12 o’clock at night and next morn-
ing halted in a peach orchard near Bauknight’s Ferry. The
horses were unbridled but with the saddles on feeding upon
peas out of a canoe when a grey mare, which Cunningham
was known to have taken out of the neighborhood, was ob-
served passing back, having escaped from his camp. This
incident disclosed in some measure the state of affairs, and the
Rangers received the orders to march. The Rangers num-
bered some thirty and Cunningham’s men about twenty. The
bloody scene of Cloud’s Creek animated any encounter between
Butler and Cunningham with more of the feelings of the duello
than the battle-field. Approaching the Tory position unob-
served, John Corley was detailed with eight men to gain their
rear and upon a concerted signal to commence the attack, while
the main body advanced under cover of a hedge. The Tories
were drying their blankets by their camp fires; Cunningham,
himself, was at a little distance off from his band. As it after-
40 -HISTORY OF EEGEFIELD.

‘wards appeared, Butler’s person being at one time exposed in
advancing before the signal was given, he was observed by the
Tories, but taken for their leader, for there was a striking per-
sonal resemblance between the two men.

Corley’s furious assault, himself foremost in the charge, was
the first intimation to the Tories that their exasperated foes
were at hand. Cunningham was promptly at his post, but,
taken by surprise and attacked by superior numbers, thought
only of safety. Having no time to saddle his horse, but with
partizan quickness seizing his holsters sprang to his seat, while
Butler, singling him out, dashed in pursuit. Both men were
remarkably fine riders and tradition has preserved the names
of the horses they rode. Cunningham was mounted on a mare
which had become celebrated in the service as ‘‘Silver Heels,’’
while Butler rode a horse called ‘‘Ranter.’’ As Butler carried
only a sabre and Cunningham only pistols that had been ren-
dered useless by the rain of the night before, for he snapped
them repeatedly over his shoulders at his adversary as he fled,
life or death hung upon the speed of the horses. As long as
the chase was in the woods ‘‘Ranter’’ maintained his own, but
when he struck an open trail in which the superior strides of
Cunningham’s thoroughbred could tell, turning in his seat and
patting with triumph and confidence the noble animal that bore
him, he tauntingly exclaimed, ‘‘I am safe,’’ and dashing rap-
idly away from his adversary, he escaped by himself swim-
ming the Saluda near Lorick’s ferry. When William Butler
returned from the pursuit of Cunningham he found a portion
of his command assembled at the Tory camp under circum-
stances which gave him great concern. ‘Turner, one of his
prisoners, had been deliberately shot through the heal after he
had surrendered. When Butler sternly rebuked the act Sey-
sin, who had done the deed, justified himself by reciting an
outrage the unfortunate Tory had inflicted upon his mother.
The verdict of the corps was in Seysin’s favor and no court
martial was held upon him. ‘There was certainly strong pal-
liating circumstances in the case. The Tory had stripped Mrs.
Seysin to the waist and tying her had severely whipped her to
force her to disclosé where a party of Whigs, among whom was
her son, were.

A pursuit of Cunningham’s men was ordered for the pur-
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 41

pose of capturing or dispersing them, and some were overtaken
while crossing the river. Butler, finding his men disposed to
fire upon them, ordered De Loach, who was raising his rifle,
to desist. Sherwood Corley was then in the river, had snapped
his pistol at the retreating party, not heeding the order, he
deliberately primed it afresh while in the water and killed a
Tory named Davis while he was ascending the Edgefield bank.
The result of this action was the dispersion of Cunningham’s
famous band. He, himself, retired to Cuba where he died,
being prevented from returning to his native State after the
war by a proscriptive proclamation of the authoritives. He was
awarded something like an ovation by the British. Goudy, a
gallant partizan of the Revolution, visited Cuba after the war
on account of his health. Cunningham, in the true spirit of
hospitality, called upon him with an invitation to dinner.
Whether Goudy accepted the invitation or not we cannot say;
but Cunningham told him that on one occasion he had ridden
up with an escort at his back to a house near Ninety-Six, in
which Goudy and others were playing cards, with a view to
ascertaining if William Butler wasamong them. ‘‘Why did
you not fire upon us?’’ asked Goudy. ‘‘Ihad no temptation to
kill you,’ said Cunningham, “but if Billy Butler had been
there you would have had the floor flooded with blood.”’

From this time until after the close of the war, William But-
ler continued at the head of the Rangers, under command of
General Pickens, and was considered his favorite captain. He
had, however, very little duty other than patrol to perform.
His company of Rangers was not discharged until 1784, more
than a year after the peace.

With the resumption of the pursuits of civil life, the sol-
dier’s thoughts reverted to the young girl of Saluda with whom
his meeting during Green’s retreat from Ninety-Six has
already been mentioned, Nor had she forgotten the young
officer of the cocade and plume, for when the household re-
jected him, (the stepfather forbade him to visit her), she told
him to come, she would see him. They were married the 3d
of June, 1784. :

Miss Behethland Foot Moore, whom William Butler had
thus selected as the partner of his life, was a woman of strong,
and in many respects remarkable traits of character. She al-
42 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

ways exercised great influence with her husband and he relied
much upon her judgment and advice. He seemed to have in-
spired her with a deep feeling, almost amounting to a fascina-
tion; of itself a high tribute to his memory.

In 1794 William Butler was elected by the Legislature of
South Carolina Sheriff of Ninety-Six District. He discharged
few of the ministerial duties, however, leaving them to his
brothers, Thomas and Stanmore, who were his deputies; but
he always conducted the military“escort of the Judge coming
into the District and presided as High Sheriff during the sit-
ting of the Court.

The sheriff of that day was an officer of distinction and was
generally detailed upon offices of honor. William Butler, as
Sheriff of Ninety-Six, received General Washington when
upon the Southern tour, from the authorities of Georgia, and
conducted him by the Pine House to the Ridge, which was near
the termination of his territorial jurisdiction At the Ridge,
General Hampton, then sheriff of what was called Camden
District, received and conducted him by Granby, through Cam-
den and thence to Charlotte, North Carolina, where the
authorities of that State received the illustrious patriot. (There
is certainly an error here. Washington passed through the
District in 1791).

In 1796 General Pickens resigned the office of Major-
General of the upper division of South Carolina militia and
through his recommendation William Butler was elected by the
State Legislature to fill the vacancy. In 1800 General Butler
became a candidate for Congress against Robert Goodloe Har-
per, the incumbent from the Ninety-Six District. Mr. Harper
had been elected as a Republican, but from conscientious
motives joined the Federalists and supported what was pecu-
liarly unpopular at the South—Jay’s Treaty. This raised
opposition to him at home and General Butler was selected as
the opposition candidate, his old commander, John Ryan, mov-
ing the nomination. He succeeded in the election and took
his seat in 1801.

When the resolution; charging General Wilkinson with com-
plicity with Burr, in his attributed treason, was moved and
adopted in the House of Representatives, the occasion gave rise
to great sensation. A discussion took place upon the floor as
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 43

to the chairman of the Committee of Investigation. <A ballot
was called for by Wilkinson’s friends, the motion was overlaid
and the duty of making the appointment devolved upon the
Speaker. He appointed General Butler. Wilkinson made some
offensive remarks. Something of this kind, that he was not
only to be tried by a militia general, but that he was con-
demned before he was tried. This being reported to General
Butler he resigned his position on the committee. Roger
Bacon being appointed to succeed him and unfriendly commu-
nications were made between him and Wilkinson. They were,
however, fully reconciled.

In 1813 General Butler resigned his seat in Congress, dis-
tinctly in preference to Mr. Calhoun, saying to him, ‘‘You can
meet Mr. Randolph in debate, I cannot.’’ His admiration for
Randolph was very high, and notwithstanding they differed in
opinion as to the war of 1812, they still continued to entertain
friendly relations. Butler once spent some time with him at
his house by invitation in returning from Congress,

In 1814 General Butler was called by Gen. Alston, in a very
complimentary Order, on record in Washington, to command
the troops of South Carolina at Charleston.

President Madison had, in 1812, offered him the commission
of brigadier general in the United States service, but he de-
clined it, saying he was a major general at home.

General Jackson was appointed to command the forces at
New Orleans, while General Butler was to command in Charles-
ton. They had been comrades in early life and Jackson sent
him word that they were both called militia generals, but he
knew whichever was attacked would do his duty. General
Pickens desired to prescribe the mode of defence of Charleston.
His plan was to allow the enemy to land and fight them in the
‘streets from behind barricades. Butler’s response to him, when
he assumed the command, was that he expected to consult the
dictates of his own judgment, and they should meet them in
the water. An incursion was made upon one of the islands
for the purpose of supplying provisions to the fleet off the coast,
and a slight affair occurred in which Captain Dent of the navy
was principally engaged. The incursion was repelled. This
was the only engagement with the enemy of any portion of
General Butler’s command. It had fallen to the lot of his
44 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

friend Jackson to vindicate the ability of militia generals. The
war terminated with the battle of New Orleans and General
Butler became a private citizen.

From this period to the close of his life he confined himself
principally to the business of his farm. During the time he was
in Congress his seat was twice contested, first by Dr. Scriven,
a man of high character, and afterwards by Edmund Bacon, a
man of mark. ‘The last contest gave rise to the unfortunate
issue known as the ‘‘old and new parties of Edgefield.’’ It was
bitter and led to many painful controversies. Mr. Bacon not
only became reconciled with, but was afterwards a warm friend
of General Butler’s and frequently entertained him with a hos-
pitality that would scarcely be recognized at the present day.

General Butler was a member of the convention held in
Charleston in 1787 to consider the adoption of the Federal Con-
stitution, and with General Sumter and others, whose names
are to be found on the journal, voted against it. He was sub-
sequently a member of the convention which framed our pres-
ent State Constitution. (Constitution previous to 1868).

General Butler’s brothers were Thomas, who was regarded
aman of military talent; Sampson, who was Sheriff of Edge-
field, and for many years represented that district in the State
Legislature; Stanmore, who was a captain in the United States
army during the time a war was expected with France, and
was Clerk of the Court of Edgefield when he died; and James,
who was killed in the Revolution, as already described. He
had two sisters, Nancy and Elizabeth. The first married Elisha
Brooks, who was a lieutenant in the Revolution; the latter mar-
ried Zachariah Brooks, who was also a lieutenant in the Revo-
lution and subsequently a colonel of State cavalry.

He had eight children. James was Sheriff of Edgefield and
acolonel of State cavalry at his death. George Butler was a
lawyer, and during the war of 1812 served as major in the
regular army. William was a physician and was a surgeon in
the army at New Orleans. He also served one term as Rep-
resentative in Congress. Frank Butler wasa lawyer. Pierce
M. Butler was an officer in the regular army; was President of
the Bank of the State; was Governor of South Carolina, and
fell at the battle of Cherubusco at the head of the Palmetto
Regiment.
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 45

Emmala, the only daughter, was married to General Waddy
Thompson, who was a lawyer, a member of Congress and Min-
ister to Mexico. Leontine died young.

Andrew Pickens Butler, the sole survivor, has been a lawyer,
a Judge, and is now the senior United States Senator from
South Carolina. (Judge A. P. Butler died May 25, 1857. A
biographical notice of him is given elsewhere in this book).

General Butler was a handsome man, about six feet high, a
good shot with a rifle, and excellent in woodcraft and horse-
manship. His fondness for horses amounted to a passion, and
he would have none but the finest blood upon his place. He
considered it a defect in his sos not to ride well, and was in
the habit of making them break his colts until, upon one occa-
sion when a ‘‘Dare Devil’ filly was to be mounted and two of
the boys, Pickens and Pierce, were drawing lots to see who
should do it. Mrs. Butler could stand it no longer. She inter-
posed, telling her husband that they were her children as well
as his, and if the horses were to be broken, put the servants at
it. He yielded, carelessly remarking, ‘‘it would not hurt them
to get thrown, the ground was plowed.’’ ,

At one time he was engaged upon the Turf and ran his
horses generally with success; but upon one occasion a demand
was made upon him for a stake which he was unable to put up.
Under the demand, however, he put up his family servant,
Will. He won the race and it was his last. Returning home
he told his wife what he had done and gave her a positive
pledge, which he kept, never to run another race or to play
another card. General Butler was a man of strong impres-
sions and of great self-reliance. Though his connection with
most of the events narrated was a subordinate one, he always
had his own and decided opinions. He had not literary attain-
ments, but in the school of experience he was a scholar that
stood high. Une strong peculiarity marked his character—an
aversion to long letters and long speeches. He always spoke
of John Rutledge as the best speaker he had ever heard; com-
mending him chiefly for his brevity. He, himself, seldom
wrote over a page, and that laconic and dispatchful. His
sheriff’s books, now in the possession of Hon. A. P. Butler,
is a model of official neatness.

In his domestic relations he was absolute; making his sons
46 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

entirely subservient to his commands. His wife was devoted
to him.

William Butler died in September, 1821, and was buried at
the family burial ground at Big Creek, in Edgefield District.
He died with remarkable calmness. While he has left little
that is remembered, save through tradition, he was a man of
mark in his day.

Peace be to his ashes.
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 47

VI.

MUSTER ROLL—BROOKS' COMPANY.

General Butler’s sister, Elizabeth, became the wife of Zach-
ary Smith Brooks, Lieutenant during the Revolution and after-
wards Colonel of State Cavalry. As it may possibly be of in-
terest to some persons now living, I give here the muster roll
of a company of cavalry commanded by Col. Bruoks while he
was still only a captain. I greatly regret that there is no date
to the paper, but it is very old. Some of the nanies I cannot
decipher and some are erased:

List of Capt. Zachary Smith Brooks’ Company.

Zachariah Smith Brooks, Captain; Robert Christie, First
Lieutenant; George Pope, Second Lieutenant; Joel Abney,
Cornet; John Abney, Secretary; John Abney, First Sergeant;
Hardy Matthews, Second Sergeant; Wade Carson, Bugler.

Cullen Lark, Azariah Abney, William Kennedy, Vincent
White, Micajah Matthews, Jesse Hart, Joshua Burgess, Sam-
uel Abney, Andrew Brown, Peterson Boram, John Blalock,
Monte Towles, Nathan Spragins, Willis Boram, Henry Eth-
ridge, Elijah Pope, Joseph Buffington, John Barnes, William
Norris, John Cunningham, Stephen Norris, John Deshass, Na-
than Norris, John H. Powell, Thomas Reynolds, Jones Willis,
Thomas Mellon, Simeon Smith, William Nunn, Richard Esk-
ridge, William Stuart, William Jay, C. Yeheets, Pointer.

I deeply regret that there is no date to this paper; but judging
from the names I find and from the quality of the paper itself,
it must be full eighty, or ninety, or perhaps a hundred years
old. The George Pope, whose name I find as second lieuten-
ant, was a brother of Sampson Pope, grandfather of Judge Y.
J. Pope and Sampson Pope, of Newberry. Robert Christie,
first lieutenant, was, I think, father of Simeon Christie, some
time Sheriff of Edgefield District. Joel Abney, cornet, lived
on Saluda River, near Higgins’ Ferry, and was the father of
Pope and Joel, and the Rev. Mark Abney, who was so well
known at Edgefield some years-ago. He was the father also of
two daughters, Charlotte, who never married, and Elmina,who
first married a Dr. Belden. ‘When I first remember seeing her
48 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

she was a widow. She afterwards married a Methodist minis-
ter named Rush. She became a widow again and died in 1889
or 1890, at an advanced age. She was helpless and bedridden
for several years before her death. Azariah Abney was a
brother of Joel and lived near him. They married sisters—
Joel, Elizabeth Pope, and Azariah, Mary—who were sisters of
George and Sampson Pope. Wade Carson was of that same
family of Carsons, some of whom are living now not far south
of Saluda River; and one, Rev. James Carson, is a Baptist
preacher. ‘There were three John Abneys; one was the father
of Dr. M. W. Abney, whose home was at Edgefield, and who
died there about the year 1886. Some of the descendants of
the others are still living in that section. Of the descendants
of Hardy Matthews I know nothing, and cannot write with
certainty, though the name Matthews is still known in Edge-
field, and a citizen of Newberry, E. P. Matthews, went from
Edgefield and having found great attractions in that county,
married and remained there. And, in the year 1891, Mr.
Budd C. Matthews, grandson of a worthy citizen, followed
the example of E. P. and married in Newberry and deserted
the land of his birth.

The names of Boram, Spragins, Buffington, Hart, Cham-
pion, Deshass, Nunn, Eskridge, and perhaps some others on
this roll, have disappeared from that part of Edgefield. Of the
descendants of Captain Smith Brooks, the most celebrated and
best known is the Hon. Preston S. Brooks, who served his
country and State, commanding a company of volunteers during
the war with Mexico. He was afterwards elected to the Con-
gress of the United States—was expelled from the House for
caning Mr. Sumner, and was immediately re-elected. Some
of the Willises and others, still live in the same section, not
far frem their ancestral homes.

STORY OF GEORGE AND SAMPSON POPE.

I have heard a story of the brothers George and Sampson
Pope, that may interest the readers of this book. They were
both neighbors of Gen. Butler, and Sampson was warmly and
devotedly attached to him. At some time, it appears, that
George was so unfortunate as.to become very angry with
Butler. In his anger and resentment he spoke very harshly
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. ‘49

of him, which gave great offense to Sampson. He felt so em-
bittered by the abusive language George had heaped upon his
friend Gen. Butler, that it seemed to him they could no longer
live in the same neighborhood together. So he presented
George with a fine horse and a purse of five hundred dollars
and requested him to leave the District and go West, which
he did. Many years afterwards an acquaintance from Edgefield
travelling in Alabama, in search of new lands upon which to
settle, accidentally came across him, remained all night, per-
haps longer with him; found him prosperous, if not rich;
very comfortably situated, and an influential local Methodist
preacher.

Of the sons of Sampson Pope, George was elected Clerk of
the Court of Edgefield, and died while in office. He was very
popular, and more than merely popular, he was beloved by the
people. Thomas H. made his home in Newberry—was a dis-
tinguished lawyer—was elected to the Legislature from that
county. One of his sons was, in 1891, Attorney General of the
State. Afterwards Associate Justice, and one was Clerk of the
Senate; they both having been previously members of the
Legislature. One son, Thomas H., became a Baptist preacher.
He was an earnest and good man. He died young, and his
body rests in Rosemont Cemetery in the town of Newberry. I
was writing ‘‘Within the Vail’ and in the act of penning the
following lines when I was startled by the appearance of a
funeral procession passing with the body of Rev. Thomas H,
Pope to the grave. I dropped my pencil and paper and joined
the procession:

“The insect of to-day,
Whose little life is ended in a week,
Is as immortal as the god-like man;—
It lives, grows old, and dies within a week;—
Three score and ten, the limit of man’s life,
Is to eternity of equal date.”

There are some other names on that roll of whom I never
knew anything. The very names are now strange in that sec-
tion of the country.
50 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

ZACHARY SMITH BROOKS.

Capt. Zachary Smith Brooks I remember seeing often in
my youth and early manhood. Zoar Methodist church, Per-
simmon Creek, as it was then called, was one to which I
frequently went in my youth. Col. Brooks was a regular
attendant. For many years, if my memory is not at fault here,
his was the only carriage in all that part of the country, and
the only one seen at that meeting house. It then seemed to
me to be a very grand sort of life to be able to ride to church
in a two horse carriage with a servant driving. And then when
the carriage stopped to have him to let the steps down and
help the master out! I remember the horses were bay, with
nicked tails, as was the fashion in those days. I believe the
first time I ever shook hands with Col. Brooks was at a.Bap-
tist camp meeting at or near Mt. Enon. Carriages and bug-
gies became quite common in that community after awhile and
the good old fashion of riding horseback to chureh gradually
gave way, though it is not entirely abandoned yet. Horseback
riding has its advantages—it gave young folks such splendid
opportunities of cutting one another out, which, I dare say,
the girls enjoyed, but some of the boys, especially those who
were cut out, did not.

In the same general region of country, not far from Persim-
mon Creek, settled Crawford Perry and the Merchants, whose
names are still well known in that community. The Barneses
also came in at an early day. There was also a Captain John
Hamilton and his brother Edward. These, however, did not
come to Edgefield until after the Revolutionary War. Of this
Iam not right sure. Captain Hamilton was an officer in the
British army, serving under his brother Col. Hamilton, who
commanded a regiment in the left wing of the army at the
Battle of Camden and aided greatly in the defeat of the Amer-
icans. These Hamiltons were Scotch, but they had been liv-
ing in South Carolina—Lee, in his memoirs, says Norfolk,
Virginia—engaged in mercantile pursuits before the war, but,
unfortunately, took the wrong side in the contest, as many
good men did. At their death they left very little property. I
know of no descendants.
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 50

JOURNEY OF WASHINGTON.

When Washington, in May, 1791, passed through South
Carolina from Augusta to Columbia, the newly chosen capital
of the State, his journey lay through the lower part of Edge-
field. Of this journey Washington says: ‘‘Left Augusta about
6 o’clock Saturday, May 21st, and taking leave of the governor
and the principal gentlemen of the place at the bridge over the
Savannah River, where they assembled for the purpose, I pro-
ceeded in company with Colonels Hampton and Taylor and
Mr. Lithgour, a committee from Columbia, (who had come on
to meet and conduct me to that place), and a Mr. Jameson,
from the village of Granby, on my route. Dined at a house
about twenty miles from Augusta, and lodged at one Odem’s
about twenty miles further.’’ The next day, Sunday, he rode
about twenty miles to breakfast. Observe, that the Father of
his country did not hesitate to travel on Sunday; but he foun-
dered his horse and was compelled, in consequence, to remain
in Columbia through Tuesday, the 24th, a day longer than he
had intended. Of this route Washington says: ‘‘The whole
road from Augusta to Columbia is a pine barren of the worst
sort, being hilly as well as poor. This circumstance, added
to the distant length of the stages, want of water and the heat
of the day, foundered one of my horses very badly.’’ His
route lay by the Pine House and the Ridge. At every place
along the road where he could be seen he was met by many
citizens who were anxious to see and do honor to the great
man. Atone of these places he was seen by Mr. Crawford
Perry, who lived at the time not far from the place now know
as Perry’s Cross Roads.

I think there is some land along that route the owners of
which would not be pleased to have it now spoken of asa
‘‘pine barren of the worst sort.”’

ABNEY MEETING HOUSE.

Before I take a final leave of the Saluda near Higgin’s Ferry,
I may as well mention that a church, or house of worship, free
to the use of all denominations of Christians, was once built on
the road about a mile from the ferry, near Joel Abney’s, and
was known as the Abney Meeting House. All vestige and
trace of it vanished from the earth long ago. In this meeting
52 BISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

House the eccentric Lorenzo Dow, on his journey northwards,
once preached. He also preached at Newberry Court House
the next day or evening, on the same journey. I have in my
possessson the original subscription list with the names and
amounts to be paid by each one. The money was to be paid
to the Trustees on the first day of January, 1803. There are
twenty-three names on the list of which seven are Abneys.
Francis Higgins subscribed ten dollars; William Irby five dol-
lars; David Parkins five; and William Kennedy three dollars.
The whole amount subscribed was $156.00. Elias Boatner
subscribed two dollars. These names, Irby, Parkins, Ken-
nedy and Boatner, though not strange to the country, vanished
from that section long ago. At what meeting house the
people of that section worshiped before the building of this
house I do not know. Evidently they must have had some
place, for too many years had elapsed since the first settle-
ments were planted there for the people to be without divine
worship and religious instruction. Without churches and
-school houses no people can be considered truly civilized, and
hese always go wherever English speaking people go.

Before proceeding any further with this history I must beg my
readers,—if my accounts of the early history and traditions
of some sections are fuller and more complete than they are of
others,—to believe that of those particular sections I have been
able to obtain a greater amount of information, and not that I
have any special liking or partiality for those sections. I wish
to give a fair and impartial history of the whole county; but
wha: I do not know, or cannot learn, I cannot write.
HISTORY OF EKDGEFIELD. 53

ROADS AND FERRIES AFTER THE REVOLUTION.

By an Act of the Legislature, passed 22nd of March, 1786, a
Ferry was established at Parkins’ Ford on the Saluda River
at the mouth of Bush River; one over the Savannah River by
the name of Lemar’s Ferry, in Edgefield County; one at a
place called Snow Hill, in the County of Edgefield, on the
Savannah River, to the land opppsite thereto, in the State of
Georgia; and a road was ordered to be laid out and made the
nearest and best way from Friday’s Ferry on the Congaree,
where Columbia now is, to the Ridge between the north and
south forks of the Edisto—thence by the nearest and best way
to the established ferry on the Savannah River opposite to
Augusta; and also another road from the said ferry to Bevin’s
Bridge, on Horse Creek; from thence by the best and most
direct way into the road leading from Fort Moore, (now Ham-
burg) to the White Ponds. This was partly the route of
Washington. In 1788 a public road was established from
Anderson’s Ferry, on Great Saluda , to Mr. Enoch Grigsby’s,
and from thence to Captain Butler’s, and from thence to inter-
sect the road leading from Juniper to Orangeburg; also a ferry
on Saluda, at the mouth of Rocky Creek, where the district
line crosses;—and a road on the south side of the river was
established from a place known as Weaver’s Old Field to the
said Waters’ Ferry; and a ferry having been established in
1786 and vested in Philemon Waters, but no road leading
thereto, laid out, a road was established and ordered to be laid
out from, or near the Widow West’s on the Ninety-Six Road,
to the said Philemon Waters’ Ferry, and Jacob Pope, Nathan
Milton and William Boram were commissioners for laying
out said road. Inthe same year, 1788, a road was ordered to
be opened, by and under the direction of the Courts of the
Counties of Abbeville and Edgefield, twenty-five feet wide, and
leading the nearest and best way from Whitehall in the County
of Abbeville to proceed near Samuel Anderson’s in Cuffee-
town, from thence to Charles Williams’ on Turkey Cieek,
from thence to John Furman’s on the Beaver Dam, from thence
54 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

to Charles Martin’s on Horne’s Creek, from thence to Seth
Howard’s on Chaver’s Creek, and from thence, in the most
convenient way, to the warehouse opposite the town of Au-
gusta,—and that Seth Howard, Robert Anderson, John Thur-
man, James Hargrove and Fields Pardue be the commissioners
for opening the said road.

I am thus particular in noticing the opening of roads and the
establishing of ferries, because these show so clearly the needs
and wants of the people and their progress in improvements.
For the same reason we will take note of the building of rail-
roads and telegraph lines, and of all other public institutions
which illustrate and meet the demands of the age.

MOUNT WILLING, S. C.

The History of Edgefield, says a frienc—J. C. Edwards—
who has given me great assistance in the preparation of this
work, is grouped around four important centres, Mount Wil-
ling, Old Cambridge, or Ninety-Six, Edgefield Court House
and Hamburg.

Henry Mayson, who lived near Good Hope Baptist Church
for many years and diea during the year 1891, at about eighty
years of age, was born at Ninety-Six. His father’s house, in
which he was born, is the only building of that old time now
left standing there. After the decay of Cambridge Mr. May-
son removed to Hamburg, where he engaged in the mercantile
business in compauy with the late Colonel Thomas G. Bacon.

CATLETT CONNOR.

Catlett Connor, a very celebrated character in that day, and
who was elected to the State Senate over Eldred Simkins,
afterwards member of Congress and one of the most eminent
men in the State, lived near Ninety-Six in the house, the resi-
dence in 1891, of Hon. Calvin W. Kinard. This Mr. Connor was
a blacksmith, a man of intelligence and of great force of charac-
ter. Being considerably ambitious and jealous of the influence
of the Butler and Simkins families in the county, and thinking
that they were getting rather more offices than they were fairly
entitled to, wrote and published a pamphlet against them. He
was ably seconded by Mr. Matthew Jones of Ridge Spring,
father of General James Jones, Captain Lewis Jones of Edge-
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 55

field, and Major Edward Jones of Trenton; and the father-in-
law of General Paul Quattlebaum of Lexington; Major Till-
man Watson of Ridge Spring, and the Honorable William
Gregg, the founder of Graniteville. Party feeling ran very
high, so high, indeed, that Mr. Matthew Jones and Colonel
Smith Brooks had a fight about the election at Mount Willing
in which, it is said, that Colonel Brooks got the worst of it.
Connor’s gin house, said to be the first one built in Edgefield
County, was still standing in the winter of 1890-91, and may
be standing yet.

TOWNSHIPS OF MOBLEY, NORRIS, &C.

That part of Edgefield now constituting the townships of
Mobley, Norris, Rhinehart and Huiett, used to hold their bat-
talion muster at Mount Willing. At the beginning of the
Revolutionary War this section was, perhaps, more thickly
settled than any other part of the county. The original set-
tlers came mostly, not from the lower counties of the State,
but from Virginia and the Middle States. Many of them
were noted for their independence and public spirit. Just
before the breaking out of the war of Independence, there
was not, perhaps, a happier, more prosperous, contented
and independent people on the face of the earth, than the
people of middle Carolina were—than the people of Edgefield
were. The Indians were gone; much of the soil was fertile;
game abounded in the forests and fish in all the branches,
creeks and rivers. Taxes were light; so light, indeed, that
the burden of taxation was not felt at all. He who was not
able to live well and to grow rich was, indeed, one of nature’s
weaklings. It was, or might have been, equal to the poet’s
dream of life in Arcadia. The young men wooed and won the
fair daughters of the pioneers who lived on the fertile shores
of Cloud’s Creek and Little Saluda, and built home nests of
their own as cheerful and happy as the very birds that enliv-
ened the forests around with their many and varied songs.
But clouds came over the happy scene.

After the State threw off its allegiance to Great Britain,
which was several months before the Declaration of Indepen-
dence, by the General Congress at Philadelphia, it was neces-
sary to have elections to fill all county offices, and also to elect
56 HISTORY OF EEGEFIELD.

members to the General Assembly. That election was held
during the summer of 1776. Colonel Robert Cunningham was
a candidate for election to the House of Representatives for the
District of Ninety-Six. Cunningham was an avowed Loyalist,
and sent his relative, William Cunningham, afterwards the
celebrated Bloody Bill, over to Mount Willing to look after
the interests of that place. While the voting was in progress
an unfortunate row occurred between the Whigs and the Loy-
alists, in which Cunningham and many others, on both sides,
were beaten nearly to death. I think Cunningham was elected.
Two years afterwards, in 1778, he was elected to the State
Senate over Colonel James Williams, who was afterwards
killed at the battle of King’s Mountain.

1775-

But I must not omit to mention some events that occurred
during the year before the Declaration of Independence. In
this year, 1775, William Henry Drayton and Rev. William
Tennant were sent by the Governor and Council of Safety into
the upper parts of the State to conciliate the inhabitants and
bring them to unite with the people of the low country in
resistance to the arbitrary measures of Great Britain. In their
progress through the up-country we find that Mr. Drayton
had appointed a meeting to take place at the Ridge on Friday,
the first day of September, 1775; but learning that Moses Kirk-
land had, without lawful authority, assenibled men in arms in
the district, and it being evident that, to his treachery against
the Colony, he intended to add crimes of a deeper dye and,
by force of arms, to violate the public peace, he declared that
it was inexpedient for the meeting to be held, lest it should
furnish occasion for bloodshed. He also declared that all
persons following Kirkland and assembling in arms without
authority, should be deemed public enemies, to be suppressed
by the sword. ‘This is the same Kirkland whose home was on
Saluda, and who was captured while on his way to Boston to
concert measures with General Gage for a general uprising of
the Cherokees at the same time the attack should be made on
Charleston by General Clinton. The British fleet was repulsed;

the Indians made war as agreed, but the war ended in their
total defeat and ruin.
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 57

From a letter from William Tennant to the Council of Safety
in Charleston, September 1st, 1775, we learn that he was then
on the south side of Saluda, and that Mr. Drayton had just
gone on to Augusta. This letter was dated at Long Cane, in
Ninety-Six District. Three volunteer companies were formed
to repel the Indians and to keep the Tories in check. One
under Major Terry; another under Colonel Pickens; and an-
other under Captain James McCall. There was great terror
felt by the well disposed inhabitants of the District.

On the 16th of September, 1775, a treaty of neutrality was
formed between William Henry Drayton and Colonel Fletchall,
and on the 21st Mr. Drayton wrote to Colonel Robert Cun-
ningham, asking him if he considered himself included as a
party to that treaty. Colonel Cunningham replied that he did
not consider himself included as a party.

The following is taken from Gibbes’ Documentary History
of the American Revolution:

A report of the militia and volunteers on duty in the forti-
fied camp at Ninety-Six on Sunday, the 19th of November,
1775, under the command of Major Andrew Williamson, by
order of the Honorable the Provincial Congress:

NUMBER OF COMPANIES, COMMANDING OFFICERS, OFFI-
CERS, SERGEANTS, AND PRIVATES

George Reed—1 officer, 2 sergeants, 22 privates.
Andrew Pickens—2z officers, 3 sergeants, 35 privates.
Aaron Smith—3 officers, 2 sergeants, 12 privates.
Benjamin Tutt—3 officers, 2 sergeants, 29 privates.
Andrew Hamilton—3 officers, 2 sergeants, 18 privates.
Thomas Langdon—z officers, 1 sergeant, 9 privates.
Adam C. Jones—z officers, 2 sergeants, 22 privates.
Matthew Berand—3 officers, no sergeant, 10 privates.
Charles Williams—tr officer, 2 sergeants, 8 privates.
Francis Logan—2 officers, 1 sergeant, 15 privates.
Alexander Noble—2 officers, no sergeant, 2 privates.
John Anderson—2 officers, 1 sergeant, 8 privates.
James Williams—z2 officers, 2 sergeants, 24 privates.
Robert McCreery—3 officers, 2 sergeaats, 25 privates.
John Rodgers—3 officers, 2 sergeants, 15 privates.
Jacob Colson—z officers, 1 sergeant, 15 privates.
58 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

Hugh Middleton—1 officer, no sergeant, 2 privates.

Francis Singuefield—2 officers, no sergeant, 15 privates.

James McCall—3 officers, 3 sergeants, 48 privates.

David Hunter—2 officers, 2 sergeants, 15 privates.

John Erwin—3 officers, 2 sergeants, 21 privates.

Robert Anderson—2z officers, 1 sergeant, 15 privates.

Nathaniel Abney—3 officers, 2 sergeants, 18 privates.

William Wilson—2z officers, 1 sergeant, 13 privates.

Jos. Hamilton’s Artillery—tr officer, no sergeant, 16 privates.

Total: 25 companies, 55 officers, 36 sergeants, 432 privates.

N. B.—It is supposed that Major Mayson and his thirty-
seven Rangers ought to be added to this return. William
Abney, -rother of Nathaniel Abney, was one of his officers.

These men were besieged in a fortified camp at Ninety-Six
by Joseph Robinson, Patrick Cunningham, and Richard Pearis,
and a strong force of Loyalists under their command. There
was some fighting between the parties, and some loss was sus-
tained by both sides. The men under Major Williamson were
compelled to dig for water within their fort, as they were en-
tirely cut off from a supply otherwise.

On the 22nd of November, 1775, a cessation of hostilities
was agreed upon, a copy of which is here giveu with a letter
from Major Mayson to Colonel Thomson enclosing a copy,
and also giving an account of the affair; also a letter from
Major Williamson to Mr. Drayton, giving an account of the
siege, action, and treaty at Ninety-Six.

The following is taken from Gibb2s’ Documentary History:

Agreement fora cessation of arms between Major Joseph
Robinson, commander of a body of his majesty’s militia, now
under arms for himself and the troops under his command, of
the one part; and Major Andrew Williamson and Major James
Mayson, commanders of the fort at Ninety-Six for themselves
and the troops therein under the direction of the Provincial
Congress:

ist. That hostilities shall immediately cease on both sides.

and. That Major Williamson and Major Mayson shall march
their men out of the fort and deliver up their swivels.

3rd. That the fort shall be destroyed flat without damaging
the houses therein, under the inspection of Captain Patrick
Cunningham and John Bowie, Esq., and the well filled up.
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 59

4th. That the differences between the people of this District
and others, disagreeing about the present public measures,
shall be submitted to his Excellency, our Governor, and the
Council of Safety, and for that purpose that each party shall
send dispatches to their superiors—that the dispatches shall be
sent unsealed and the messenger of each party shall pass un-
molested.

5th. That Major Robinson shall withdraw his men over
Saluda, and there keep them embodied, or disperse them as he
pleaseth until his Excellency’s orders be known.

6th. That no person of either party shall, in the mean time,
be molested by the other party, either in going home or other-
wise.

7th. Should any reinforcements arrive to Major Williamson
or Major Mayson, they also shall be bound by this cessation.

8th. That twenty days shall be allowed for the return of the
messengers.

gth. ‘That all prisoners taken by either party since the sec-
ond day of this instant shall be immediately set at liberty.

In witness whereof, the parties to these articles have set
their hands and seals at Ninety-Six this twenty-second day of
November, one thousand seven hundred and seventy-five, and
in the sixteenth year of his Majesty’s reign.

JOSEPH ROBINSON.
A. WM. SON.
JAMES MAYSON.
Present:

PATRICK CUNNINGHAM.

RICHARD PEARIS.

ANDREW PICKENS.

JouHN BowleE.

MAJOR MAYSON TO COLONEL THOMPSON.

Ninery-Six, November 24th, 1775.

I now enclose you a copy of the cessation of arms agreed
upon by Major Williamson and myself the day before yester-
day, by which you will be able to judge of the terms we are to
abide by on both sides. The persons chosen to represent the
matter before the Provincial Congress are Major Williamson,
John Bowie, and myself, on the .behalf of the associators for
60 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

this Province; and Major Robinson, Captains Cunningham and
Bowman, on behalf of the King. We who are appointed are
to meet here on Monday next, the 27th inst., in order to pro-
ceed to town to settle this disagreeable business. I shall now
give you asmall narrative of our battle. On Saturday last,
about 4 o’clock in the afternoon, we received intelligence that
all the people assembled in arms over Saluda River, had
marched over, and encamped about four and a half miles from
our camps, in number about two thousand. We had, at most,
not more than five hundred men. At first consultation with
Major Williamson, we agreed to march and meet the opposite
party and give them battle; but, upon consideration, we
thought it most prudent to march all our men to Colonel
Savages’ old field, near Ninety-Six, as our numbers were
small, compared with the other party, and to fortify the same
with the rails thereabouts. Wearrived there about day break,
and in about two hours a square of one hundred and eighty-
five yards was fortified in such a manner as to keep off the
enemy; but before three days had expired our men began to
be outrageous for want of bread and water, and we had not
above sixteen pounds of gun-powder left. On Tuesday last,
in the afternoon, the enemy held out a flag of truce and sent
into our fort a messenger with a letter from Major Robinson to
myself, which was the first beginning of this treaty. We
have only one man dead since this battle, and eleven wounded;
some will be mortal by the doctor’s opinion. The enemy say
they had but one man dead, who is a Captain Luper, and about
the same number wounded as ours; by the best information
they have buried at least twenty-seven men, and have as many
wounded. Iam certain I saw three fall at the first fire from
our side. The swivels are to be delivered up this evening to
us, although inserted in the articles of cessation as given by us
up, as agreed to by the head men of the other party.

JAS. MAYSON.,

 

Major Williamson to Mr. Drayton, giving an account of the
siege, action, and treaty at Ninety-six:
WHITE HAL, Nov. 25th, 1775.
To the Honorable William Henry Drayton, Esq.:
Srr:—Your letter by order of Congress, dated the gth inst.,
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 61

on the 14th, by the Express, and am happy to find my past
conduct met the approbation of your Honor and the Congress.
It shall always be my study to discharge my duty and the
trust reposed in me by that respectable body. Before I re-
ceived your letter I had reinforced Fort Charlotte with fifty-
two militia and supplied them with provisions, and have since
given orders for their continuing there one month longer; I
have also furnished Captain Caldwell with iron for the carri-
ages to mount the guns.

I should have had the honor of transmitting you an account
of my situation before now, but could obtain no certain intelli-
gence from the opposite party, until the seventeenth instant in
the night, (notwithstanding I had used all possible endeavors
and some expense to obtain some knowledge of their strength
and designs, ) when I learned their numbers amounted to at
least fifteen hundred men, and understood that it was chiefly
owing to an affidavit made by Captain Richard Pearis, that so
many men were embodied—a copy whereof I now enclose you,
as also a copy of the oaths they imposed on those who hap-
pened to fall into their hands, all of whom they disarmed, ex-
cept such as were willing to join their party.

On the eighteenth, in the evening, I received certain infor»
mation that they were crossing Saluda River on their march
towards us, and then was joined by Major Mayson, with
twenty-seven Rangers. I immediately ordered the men under
arms, and took the resolution of marching to meet them, and
demanding their intentions, and if they were determined to
come to action, to be ready before them, and on acquainting
the officers and men thereof, tound them all cheerful and wil-
ling to proceed, but afterwards reflecting on the fatal conse-
quences should we have been defeated, proposed in a council
of war, consisting of Major Mayson and all the captains, to
march from the camp near Ninety-Six into the cleared ground
of Colonel Savage’s plantation, where we could use our artil-
lery with advantage, and there fortify our camp till we should
receive more certain information of their strength (being in
immediate expectation of being joined by Colonel Thompson
and the Rangers at least, and also some men from the lower
part of this regiment and Augusta, ) which was unanimously
approved of, and early next morning we marched to Ninety-Six
62 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

with all our provision and baggage, and in about three hours
erected a kind of fortification of old fence rails joined to a barn
and some out-houses, which, before we had quite completed,
they had surrounded us with a large body of men with drums
and colors. I then sent out an officer to demand their inten-
tion, who, on his return, reported that Major Robinson and
Mr. Patrick Cunningham refused to have any conference but
with the commanding officers. I then sent out Major Mayson
and Mr. Bowie, whom they and Mr. Evan McLaurin met be-
tween their men and the fort in sight of both, and after about fif-
teen minutes conference they returned and reported that they
insisted on our immediately delivering up our arms to them and
dispersing; which were the only terms they were determined
to grant us, and that at parting they told them to keep our
people within the fort, which was the only place where they
could be safe; and immediately they took two of our people
just by the fort, before my face, whom I gave orders to retake,
and a warm engagement ensued, which continued with very
little intermission from three o’clock in the afternoon of Sun-
day until Tuesday sunset, when they hung out a white flag
trom the jail and called to us that they wanted to speak to
the commanding officers. I replied if they wanted to send an
officer or any message they should be safe. On which they
sent a messenger carrying a lighted candle and a letter from
Major Robinson, directed to Colonel Mayson, demanding of us
as before, to deliver up our arms and disperse, giving us one
hour’s time to return an answer; to which Major Mayson and
myself jointly answered that we were determined never to re-
sign our arms, and in about two hours Mr. Bowie, who carried
our answer, returned with a letter making the same demand,
and with him Patrick Cunninsham, whom I met about fifty
yards from the gate, where we conversed for some ftime, and
then he came with us into the fort, where, after some time, we
agreed to have a conference on the morrow, at eight o’clock.
Accordingly, on Wednesday morning Major Mayson, Captain
Pickens, Mr. Bowie and myself met with Major Robinson,
Messrs. Patrick Cunningham, Evan McLaurin and Richard
Pearis, and agreed to the cessation of hostilities now inclosed
you, which was lucky for: us, as we had not above thirty
pounds of powder, except what little the men had in their
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 63.

horns; but no scarcity appeared, as no person knew our stock
but one gentleman and myself. We had thirty-eight barrels
of flour with four live beeves in the fort, and got very good
water the third day, after digging upwards of forty feet, so
that if we had had a sufficiency of powder we could have stood
a siege for a considerable time. It will appear to your Honor
by the articles that we gave up the swivels; but that was not
intended either by them or us, for after the articles were agreed
on and were ready for signing, their people, to the number of
between three and four hundred, surrounded the house where
we were and swore if the swivels were not given up they would
abide by no articles, on which the gentlemen of the opposite
party declared upon their honor that if we would suffer it to be so
inserted in the agreement they would return them, which they
have done, and I have this day sent them to Fort Charlotte.

I am sorry to acquaint your Honor that some small differ:
ence arose between Major Mayson and me about the command
of the militia, but flatter myself the service has not suffered
thereby. To prevent any bad consequences I agreed that if
he would come to camp I would receive orders from him for
the militia and volunteers, and give them myself until a gen-
tleman should arrive who would command us both, but when
I received your letter with orders from the Congress, I thought
myself no longer bound by that agreement, especially when he
told me he was ordered to attend the Congress; I beg to be
understood that I don’t wish for command, but would wil-
lingly be of any service to my country that I possibly could.

I am obliged in justice to the officers and men on this expe-
dition to declare that their behavior greatly exceeded the most
sanguine expectation. They did not, during a siege of near
three days without water, either murmur or complain, and
cheerfully stood at their posts during three nights without any
fire, nor was there any symptoms of fear to be seen among
them. Our loss was very small, owing chiefly to blinds of
fence rails and straw with some beeves’ hides, erected in
the night behind the men who would otherwise have been
exposed to the fire of the enemy. We had only thirteen men
wounded, one of whom is since dead, most of the rest very
slightly. The loss of the opposite party is said to be consid-
erable.
64 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

I have the honor to be, sir, your Honor’s most obedient, and
very humble servant, A. Wm. Son.

This is the affair describing which, a resident in Savannah,
Ga., toa gentleman in London thus writes:

‘A Colonel Williamson, with twelve hundred men, first
arriving, took possession of a stockade fort, where he was
instantly besieged by Cunningham with his party. Williamson
having remained confined for two days in the fort, destitute of
provisions and water, was forced to sally with his men on the
third day. But they were attacked by Cunuingham in the
attempt and totally dispersed. The Committee men made so
good use of their heels that only twenty-five men were killed
in the flight, for fight there was none.”’
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 65

Vili.

In the Spring of 1776 George Mason collected a small com-
pany of men and marched with them to assist in the defense of
Charlestown. He had the misfortune to lose a leg at the bat-
tle of Fort Moultrie, June 28th, 1776. Mr. Mason lived to be
an old man and met his death by being drowned in Red Bank
Creek while under the influence of rum or whiskey.

From the unsuccessful attempt on Fort Moultrie in 1776, to
the Fall of Charlestown.in 1780, matters were generally quiet
in this part of Edgefield and the country was prosperous. How-
ever, in 1779, Benjamin Bell raised a company, composed of
both Whigs and Loyalists, and joined Gen. Williamson in his
expedition against the Cherokees. The Indians, in a spirit of
derision, were accustomed to speak of General Williamson as a
cow driver. Williamson retorted by calling them cattle. Cap-
tain Bell was killed in this expedition and I have been in-
formed that some of his descendants think to this day that he
was killed in the up-country while looking after his cows.
Hon. John M. Bell, of Aiken, and the Daniels and Edwardses,
are worthy descendants of this brave and worthy pioneer. A
short time before his death he had been digging for silver on
the south fork of Little Saluda, and his comrades, after their
return from the expedition against the Cherokees, called it
Mine Creek, which name it still bears.

After the Fall of Charlestown and the surrender of Lincoln's
army, General Williamson, feeling that it was useless to strug-
gle longer, submitted to the British authority, and took what
is known as British protection. Very many good men did the
same; among the number were Major Mayson and Colonel
Pickens and Le Roy Hammond. Their condition was simply
that of paroled prisoners, the same as that of the soldiers and
garrisons in Charlestown. When called upon to take up arms
by the British authorities, against their countrymen, many
good Whigs refused and immediately took the field in the
cause of independence, regarding the call to arms by the Bri-
tish as a violation of their parole, which it was. General Wil-
liamson; still regarding the Whig cause as entirely hopeless,
66 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

did not join them. For this his memory has always rested
under a shadow, and some have called him a traitor—the
Benedict Arnold of the South. This judgment is evidently
entirely too harsh. He never betrayed any trust. He never
sought any position for the purpose of betraying it. So far as
I have been able to discover he never did anything worse than
weakly yielding to what he thought was irresistible pressure.
He never took up arms against the State. He disbanded his
command and retired to his home. Ramsay, in his History of
South Carolina, says nothing of any treason—nor does Mills,
in his Statistics. Mills puts him in his list of eminent men of
the upper country, and says nothing of his treason. It is true,
however, that his act of submission gave great offense and was
a serious disappointment to many of his subordinate officers,
some of whom left the State. For the time they were help-
less and the State was overrun. With all due deference to
great names and to the opinions of other historians of the State,
I submit that the proposition made by Governor Rutledge and
his Council of Safety to General Prevost to surrender the city
and State and hold them neutral during the war, was about as
shameful and disgraceful as any proposal well could be; and
equally as bad morally as General Williamson’s course. It is
said that this was a mere vzse. General Moultrie and the sol-
diers did not so regard it.

In this particular part of Edgefield that now includes the
townships of Mobley, Norris, Rhinehart and Huiett, the Whigs
were in the majority, but the Tories had the assistance of the
British, which gave them confidence and the ascendency for
some time. Four companies of Whigs were raised and organ-
ized in these townships: One on Mine Creek, commanded by
Captain Solomon Pope, who lived on what is now known as
the Jennings Place, about one mile south of Red Bank church;
one on Cloud’s Creek, commanded by Captain Mike Watson.
The present Rhinehart township was very thinly settled at
that time, but the men took a very active part in the war.
Captain James Butler, one of the heroes of Edgefield, lived
in that township on the place now owned (1891) by Dr.
John W. Kennerly. The Tory company was 1) ed
by Captain Neely Carghill and they lived mostly in the region
between the Little and the Big Saludas. This was the country
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 67

of Moses Kirkland and ‘the Stewarts, though the Stewarts
lived a little higher up. Captain Butler, with his company,
was attached to the regiment of Colonel Le Roy Hammond of
the Savannah side. The Tories under Carghill were subject.
to the orders of Colonel Robert Cunningham. Captain Pope’s.
and Captain Watson’s companies of Whigs also formed part of
Le Roy Hammond’s regiment.

SIEGE OF NINETY-SIX.

In the spring of 1781, when General Greene invested the
fort at Ninety-Six, there was a general gathering of Whigs to
his assistance, and of the Tories to re-enforce Colonel Cruger,
the commander of the fort. Cruger himself was a Tory from
New York, and all his garrison of five hundred men were
‘Tories, two hundred from New York and three hundred from
South Carolina, mostly from Ninety-Six District. The Tories
under Carghill went up early in the spring to the assistance of
Cruger. The Whig companies were ordered up in May.

General Greene, after besieging the fort for several days,
hearing of the approach of Lord Rawdon with re-enforcements,
was compelled either to raise the siege and retire or to en-
deavor to carry the place by assault. Could he have waited a
few days longer, the place would have been his, but Lord
Rawdon was too near; he could not wait. The assault was de-
termined upon, but failed, and General Greene was compelled
to retreat. He was pursued by Lord Rawdon across the
Saluda and until he had crossed the Enoree. At that point
Lord Rawdon ceased the pursuit, returned, and recrossed the
Saluda, and sent word to Cruger to abandon Ninety-Six and
go eastward, south of the Edisto, while he himself passed down
south of the Saluda. General Greene, after crossing the
Enoree, camped for a few days near Broad River. While he
was here occurred that romantic episode of the war, the send-
ing of Emily Geiger with dispatches to General Sumter, who
was then on the Wateree. It would please me to tell that
story here, but I am writing the history of Edgefield, and I
have.already related it in the Annals of Newberry, and also in
the history of the State. Edgefield has its romances, the sto-
ries of which will be told in due season.

After Cruger left Ninety-Six, while passi1.g down the coun-
68 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

try, he permitted Carghill’s men to visit their homes, and they
on their way passed the house of Captain Solomon Pope, where
they found three of Pope’s men, Aaron Wever, Joe Allen, and
Fred Sissan, whom they made prisoners. Having no place of
confinement after the loss of Ninety-Six, they took them into
a swamp near by on Mine Creek and put them to death.
Captain Pope immediately called his company together, has-
tened to Mount Willing and called on Captain Butler for as-
sistance. With their united forces they met the troops under
Carghill in the fork of Cloud’s Creek and Little Saluda, where
a bloody fight ensued, in which Carghill’s men were completely
exterminated. It is said that about half of them were killed
after they had surrendered, so great was the exasperation of
the Whigs at their conduct in murdering Pope’s men a short
time before. Only one man was left alive, Henry Etheredge,
and he was saved by the interposition of Clark Spraggins, they
being closely connected by marriage. Henry Etheredge
lived to be over four-score years of age and died on Little
Saluda in November, 1840. Captain Mike Watson followed
the retreating Cruger as far as Orangeburg, where, or near
which place, he was killed by the Tories in a severe skirmish.
After his death Bud Eskridge, a brave but rather rash man,
was placed in command.

TORY MARAUDERS.

Early in the fall of 1781 Pope and Lieutenant William But-
ler joined General Greene, who was then in the lower part of
the State, leaving the militia in this part of Edgefield under
the command of Captain Bud Eskridge. Soon afterwards a
marauding party of Tories came up from Lexington into the
neighborhood near Mount Willing, and carried off a consider-
able amount of booty. The Whigs immediately assembled for
pursuit. They wanted Captain James Butler, father of Lieu-
tenant William Butler, who was with General Greene’s army
at the time, to take command. But he begged to be excused,
on the ground that the hardships he had so recently undergone
had rendered him unfit to take command of such an expedi-
tion. He had only recently been released from prison in Char-
leston, where he had been closely confined ever since the
British occupation of Ninety-Six, for having refused to take
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 69

the oath of allegiance and accept British protection. The men
were willing to excuse him, but his son James, who was quite
a youth, refused to go with the party unless his father com-
manded. Captain Butler consented to go, but refused to take
cammand, and would only go as an adviser. They pursued
the Royalists, overtook them at Farrar’s Spring, in Lexington,
defeated and dispersed them, and recaptured the horses and
cattle which they had carried away. On their return home
elated with their success, contrary to the advice of Captain
Butler, who urged them to push on without delay, they stopped
at a tavern on Cloud’s Creek kept by a Mr. Turner, to remain
all night, thinking themselves safe from pursuit. Over confi-
dent and under the influence of liquor, they neglected to take
the necessary precaution to post sentinels to guard against
surprise.

The party of Tories, whom they had just defeated, formed
part of Cunningham’s band of raiders, then on their way
through the up country on their last revengeful foray. This
our party did not know, but they were soon aroused to a
knowledge of the fact. The first intimation they had of the
approach of Cunningham was given by Turner's daughter,
who told young James Butler of his approach from the direc-
tion of Charlestown with several hundred men. ‘There were
in fact about three hundred. The house in which the Whigs
had taken refuge was quickly surrounded by Cunningham,
who demanded an unconditional surrender. He said, how-
ever, that he was willing to receive a communication from
them. Smallwood Smith was selected by the Whigs to con-
duct the parley. When he presented himself Cunningham’s
first demand was: ‘‘Who are of your party???’ Wheninformed
that young James Butler was one, he determined to give no
quarter. ‘The conflict then began by James Butler killing a
man named Stewart. Butler himself was soon killed, and the
whole party shortly afterwards surrendered. It is said that,
after the surrender in‘ a formal meeting of the Tory officers,
Cunningham advised and ordered the massacre of the whole
party. It was then that Captain James Butler caught up a
pitchfork, which happened to be lying near, and defended him
self until his right hand was cut off and he was shot dead.
One man, Bartley Bledsoe, was spared as a compensation shown
7O HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

to Henry Etheredge a few months before. Mrs. Sarah Smith,
sister of Captain James Butler, with other women, wives,
mothers, and sisters of the slain, went the next day with their
negro servants, dug graves, and buried the dead as decently as
possible. Lot, a negro that belonged to Smallwood Smith,
told Mr. Edwards long afterwards, that he helped to bury
three men, and that he saw a Tory strutting around, wearing
a coat of his master’s that had been badly cut with swords.

This butchery occurred during that celebrated raid of Cun-
ningham’s as far up as Hays’ Station, in Laurens County,
which he seemed to have made for the sole purpose of glutting
a ferocious desire for revenge and getting one last copious
drink of blood. Such must have been the purpose, for it was
impossible for the expedition to do any good towards re-estab-
lishing the British authority.

CUNNINGHAM S RAID.

After this affair Cunningham, on his way up Saluda, devas-
tated the property of the Whigs as far as he was able. He
burned the property of Dannett Abney, who was sick at the
time and unable to make his escape, and slew him in his wife’s
arms. He crossed Saluda with his men at Saluda Old Town
or Anderson's, and passed through the upper part of what is
now Newberry County, on his way to the Caldwell Settlement
and Hays’ Station. In the upper part of Newberry he encoun-
tered a party of twenty men under Captain William Turner,
who had fortified themselves as well as they were able in a
strong log house. ‘These men he slew after they had surren-
dered, and after he had pledged his word to spare their lives.
At Hays’ Station, where there was a general massacre of all
taken, Cunningham himself used his sword so unsparingly that
his right arm became so weak and weary that he was scarcely
able to raise his sword. ‘This was nearly the last of his butch-
eries and the end of this raid.

The present writer remembers seeing in his boyhood the
charred remains of Dannett Abney’s corn burned by Cunning-
ham. He made a clean sweep of everything combustible on
the place. Un Cunningham’s way back to Charlestown his
party encountered, not far from Saluda Old Town, Oliver
Towles, famous, as the Tories alleged, for stealing their cattle.
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 71

They hung him with a thong cut from the rawhide of a Tory’s
cow, so that he might meet his doom from that which he was
so fond of lifting. A kind of grim humor not very humorous
to all the parties concerned. Parties under Pickens, Le Roy
Hammond, Butler, and others, startedin pursuit. Seven fresh
parties also started. Cunningham’s party was broken up—his
men were scattered and dispersed, manyof them killed. Cun-
ningham escaped, his fine horse carrying him safely through
all dangers to Charlestown. ‘Twenty-three days after reach-
ing the city, Ringtail died, ridden to death, and his master
wept like a child, Bloody Bill as he was, over the dead body of
his poor friend. He buried him with military honors.
72 HISTORY OF EEGEFIELD.

IX.

CONDITION OF THE COUNTRY.

As might naturally be expected, this part of Edgefield was
in a very deplorable condition at this time and soon after the
close of the war. A great deal of property had been wantonly
destroyed—houses’ had been burned—negroes stolen and car-
ried away, and nearly half the men had either been killed or
died of disease while in camp. I doubt whether any part of
the State, or of the United States, suffered more from the strife
between Whig and Tory than did this particulr section of
Edgefield, the history of which we are just now trying to
sketch. Cunningham was a man of strong will and of fine in-
tellectual power, and, aided by such men as Ned Turner and
the Stewarts, and Carghill and others, who lived on and near
the Saludas, and, contending against such men as the Towleses,
Butlers, Corleys, Edwardses, Brookses, Smiths and others of
equal will and courage, the strife too often degenerated into
one of mere personal animosity and bitterness. Men, in these
intense, concentrated strifes, too often cease to contend for the
original cause of quarrel, and fight and devour each other ani-
mated by a spirit of pure personal hatred.

Soon after the Whigs got the upper hand in this section they
arrested Rev. Mr. Norris, of Cloud’s Creek, for preaching the
doctrine of non-resistance, and lodged him in jail at Ninety-
Six. The imprisonment he, of course, bore with great patience,
as it was a good opportunity to exemplify in practice what he
taught so earnestly in preaching. After the war was over the
State behaved with great magnanimity and forbearance to-
wards all Tories and mal-contents. In many instances, and to
large amounts, property, that had been confiscated and was
already in possession of the State, was restored to the owners
on condition of the payment of a fine of 10 per cent. Cruger,
on the discharge of his men, many of whom were natives and
citizens of Ninety-Six District, advised them to remain in the
State and return to their old homes. Many of them did so,
and some came to this part of Edgefield where they lived as
good citizens, leaving large and respectable families when they
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 73

died. Many also came over from the Catawba and Broad River
sections of the State. Prominent among these were William
and Abram Ferguson, brothers of Colonel Ferguson, who was
defeated and slain at King’s Mountain. ‘These men lie buried
at Denny’s, just across the road in front of the store. They
once owned the Mickler and Denny plantations.

In the year 1791, Washington, on his return North from his
Southern tour, passed through this part of Edgefield. He
visited Ridge Spring and shook hands with all who came for-
ward to greet him—indeed, with the most of the ancestors of
those who are living there now. .

GREAT DEMORALIZATION.

In the early part of the century there was great demoraliza-
tion in this part of Edgefield, as well as in other parts of the
District and the country. The great besetting sin was the too
free use of whiskey or rum; and to this may be added their
usual accompaniments, card-playing, profanity and the disre-
gard of the Sabbath. Many persons now living can remember
when there was a grog-shop at every cross road, and sometimes
between, when the cross roads were too far apart. Sometime,
in the early part of the century, M. L. Weems wrote and pub-
lished a history of Edgefield, in which he gives some account
of the very deplorable state of morals then existing. He calls
Edgefield a Pandemonium, which, being literally interpreted,
means, I suppose, a home of all the devils. I hope it is some
better now, and that some, at least, of the devils have been
cast out. This book of Mr. Weems’ I have never seen, but,
judging from his Life of Washington, which I have read, and
which I have now in my library, Iam inclined to think that
Mr. Weenis was somewhat lavish in the use of glowing adjec-
tives and strong language.

The state of morals was no doubt bad enough in all con-
science, it always is for that matter. About the year 1809, a
great reformation and revival of religion took place. It is said
that in that year no less than sixteen hundred persons in Edge-
field joined the church under the preaching of the celebrated
Lorenzo Dow. In 1811 was the great earthquake, the greatest
ever known in this State, with the exception of the one in 1886.
Perhaps that also helped to deepen and render more firm the
74 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

religious convictions of the people; for, certainly, it is a little
startling and well calculated to impress us with the instability
of all earthly things to feel the solid earth beneath our feet
rise and fall and roar and quiver like the unstable waves of the
sea.

SETTLERS FROM MARYLAND.

In or about the year 1805, a considerable number of persons
came from Maryland and settled not far from the Saluda.
James Bonham and Jared Edwards were among the number.
Edwards first came to South Carolina as a soldier in the Mary-
land line under General Gates and was in the battle of Camden
when Gates was defeated, August 16, 1780. Not long after he
came to Edgefield he married Rebecca Bell, youngest daughter
of Captain Benjamin Bell, who was killed in the campaign
against the Cherokees in 1779. From this union sprang the
present large family of Edwardses.

James Bonham married Sophia Smith of Mount Willing, a
lady of rare intelligence and culture and noted for her extra-
ordinarily fine manners. Governor Milledge L. Bonham was
their youngest son.

During the war of 1812 the State was never invaded and,
consequently, there were no conflicts of armed forces on land,
though troops were raised and sent to the coast for defence.
The troops were commanded by Major General William But-
ler. His son, George Butler, was commissioned colonel in the
regular United States Army. I have heard it related that he
was at home engaged in laying a brick walk from the door of
the dwelling house to the kitchen door for his mother’s benefit,
when a courier rode up and handed him his commission in the
army. He sprang to his feet and, reading his commission, he
swore he would work no more that day. Samuel Mays was
brigadier general.

Before this time there had not been much migration from
Edgefield to the West; but the defeat of the Indians by Gen-
eral Jackson and the driving of them further towards the
setting sun, opened up vast fertile regions for the occupancy
of the white man, of which opportunity many in Edgefield
were not slow to avail themselves.

About the year 1820 the Legislature made an appropriation
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 75

of ten thousand dollars to Mrs. Randolph, the daughter of
Thomas Jefferson. This appropriation caused great dissatis-
faction in Edgefield and gave offense to many vcters and tax
payers. They construed it as an unlawful use of public money,
as aiding in keeping afloat a decaying aristocracy, and not asa
reward, a gift, a public testimonial, for the great se1 vices ren-
dered to the whole country by her illustrious father, and en-
tirely inadequate to those seivices. The opposition to the
measure was led by Catlett Connor, a man of energy and intel-
ligence, who denounced the appropriation in the strongest
terms, and those members of the Legislature who had voted for
it. A. P. Butler was one of them, and his popularity received
a severe wound, but he bided his time and entirely recovered
and 1einscated himself in the affections of the people. He
retained his popularity to the close of his life.

Colonel Ryden Grigsby, a brave soldier, died in 1825. He
had represented the District in the Legislature. His daughter
became the wife of Captain Jonathan Wever, a man of great
wealth, who lived three or four miles north of where the town
of Johnston now is. The only son of the marriage was the

- somewhat celebrated John R. Wever. He became brigadier-
general of militia and a member of the Legislature. He was
aman of free and easy manners and lavish in the use of his
money. He was wealthy and lived as though he was seized,
and possessed of the River Pactolus, the waters of which flowed
full of gold, and the sands at the bottom were not common
sands but diamonds and gold dust and silver. His property
slipped through his hands; the stream of Pactolus raa dry; and
from being a man of gteat wealth, he descended to very hum-
ble circumstances in life and died poor.

Rev. John Manly married a daughter of Zebulon Rudolph,
of Red Bank, about the year 1825, and remained in Edgefield
a good many years. The mention of Rudolph recalls to my
memory an old Edgefield tradition that the celebrated Marshal
Ney of France, the bravest of the brave, was a Rudolph, born
on Red Bank, in Edgefield District, and that kis name was *
Michael Rudolph; that, in his youth he went to France; en-
listed in the army; soon became noted for his bravery; was
made corporal, sergeant, lieutenant. At that period, in the
history of France when promotion once began it was rapid,
76 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

and before many years he rose to the highest rank in the army,
that of Marshal of France. It is really wonderful how such
traditions begin, and how they hold their own, once started.
There is, however, this much of truth in the story to build
upon. Ney’s name was Michael. Alison in his History of Eu-
rope, and Ney’s biographers, name the place of his birth, his
education, his father, his enlistment, his rise from the ranks,
&c. Itis impossible for him to have been Michael Rudolph
of Red Bank in Edgefield. But perhaps not, after all, for the
Rudolphs of Edgefield were of noble German or Alsace origin.

There is a tradition also, that Jefferson Davis was a native
of Edgefield. This isa mistake. He was born in Kentucky
—his mother a native of South Carolina. But Edgefield can
claim, as a well known and well established fact, that Lieuten-
ant General James Longstreet, the right hand of Lee during
the great war of Secession, was born in that district. The place
of his birth is known as the ‘‘old Dent place,’’ and is near the
line of Aiken and Edgefield, a few hundred yards north of the
north prong of a small stream known as Fox Creek, some seven
or eight miles from Augusta, and about four miles east of the
Savannah River. It is a rough, rugged spot, and has no house
there now.

In the good old days there lived on Mine Creek an indus-
trious man named Travis. His wife bore him no children and
she was frequently begging her neighbors to make her a pres-
ent of one; but the neighbors did not feel like parting from
one of their own in this way. At last, however, her impor-
tunate prayer was gratified in a way she had not anticipated.
Going out one morning to the cow pen as usual to milk her
cows, she found hanging on the bars a little bundle carefully
done up, which on examination she found containing a fine
baby boy. She adopted him at once and named him Bar Travis
from the place where he was found. He grew up a fine, healthy
boy; became an active, energetic man, an honor to those who
had adopted and reared him. In due time he married and
finally settled a place one mile north of Bethlehem church—a
place lately the home of Hon. W. J. Ready. It was here that
Colonel William B. Travis, the commander and hero of the
Alamo, was born in 1809. The grave of Bar Travis is still to
be seen. William B. Travis emigrated to Alabama and from
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.. 77

that State went to take part in the Revolution in Texas and
was there murdered in the Alamo, March 6, 1836, by order of
General Santa Anna, with all the other defenders of the place.
Among them was the celebrated David Crockett, of Tennessee,
and Colonel Bonham and Colonel Bowie. ‘‘Remember the
Alamo!’ was the war-cry of General Houston at the Battle of
San Jacinto, where his great victory was gained and Santa Anna
taken prisoner. A biographical sketch of Colonel Travis will
be given further on and I hope to be able to say a little more
about the others also.

During nullification times Press Bland was quite a prominent
and influential character in Edgefield, though he never held
any office nor aspired to any. He was a strong nullifier, and
being a man of considerable wealth and strong will his influ-
ence was very decided and submissionists found no favor in his
eyes. He left several daughters who were much esteemed. I
have heard it related of Mr. Bland that he would sometimes on
horseback, booted and spurred, visit Aiken, which in his day
was a small railroad village. When ready to leave, inspired by
the potent influence of John Barley Corn, he would mount his
horse and ride through the town singing at the top of his
voice:

Barnwell District, Aiken town;
O Lord in mercy do look down!

The land is poor, the people too;
If they don’t steal wkat will they do?

During the war with the Seminole Indians in Florida, on the
call for men from this State, David Denny raised a large com-
pany, of which he was elected captain, and took part in the
campaign of 1836. Captain Denny was a brave and true man,
and those who knew him well bear him in honorable and kindly
remembrance. ‘There were also the Huietts living in the same
section of country. Colonel John Huiett was major during the
service of the South Carolina Volunteers in the war in Florida.
He was afterwards elected to the Legislature. He died in
Augusta, Ga. His brother, George D. Huiett, I have heard
mentioned as one of the best men that ever lived in Edgefield.
He was industrious, honest and pious. If I am not mistaken
he served a term of six months as an officer in the Second Reg-
iment of State troops commanded by Colonel William Fort,
78 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

attached to the Brigade of Genera] Walker, stationed at Poco-
taligo in 1863-64. He died a few years ago—(I write this
September, 1891,) on the place where he was born in Huiett
cownship.

Very few voluniecrs went from the lower battalion of the
Tenth Regiment, South Carolina militia, to the war with Mex-
ico. ‘They were mostly from the neighborhood of Ninety-Six
and the Court House. <A Roll will be given of all these, with
the casualties as well as of all who entered the Confederate
service from the County.

Colonel Reuben Bouknight, a man of much promise and of
rather more than ordinary ability, was elected to the Legisla-
ture from this section. He died at the early age of thirty-six.
Captain B. I. Baulnight, of Emory Chapel, is a son of his, and
a daughter was married to E. J. Goggans, of Newberry, who,
after matriage, deserted Newberry and made his home at
Mount Willing and the neighborhood, where he was living at
the close of the year 1891—-living 1894.

We will now pass on into the neighborhood of the Ridge and
Clotd’s Creek. Cloud’s Creek, which bears the name of a man
who once lived there, is a lovely stream. Its source is a half
dozen small creeks which rise in the Ridge. They unite, form-
ing Cloud’s Creek; flow on through Rhinehart and finally
mingle with the turbid waters of Little Saluda. Cloud’s Creek
has long been noted, and is yet noted for its quarries of fine
granite and millstones. This part of the Ridge is now Norris
Township. Before the year 1850, very few men in this sec-
tion were aspirants for office or sought popular favor. About
that time James Cameron, a man of wealth and intelligence,
became a candidate for the Legislature. He was not elected,
and soon afterwards he sold his land, upon which he had built
a fine house and made a beautiful home, and went west. ‘The
place is now owned by Dr. H. M. Folk. A few years after-
wards Wade Holstien was elected, but his own affairs required
his exclusive attention, he retired from public life. Moses N.
Holstien is a son of his. Major Tillman Watson was a grand-
son of Captain Mike Watson of the Revolution, of whom a
biographical sketch will be found in this volume. He married
Elizabeth Jones, a daughter of Mr. Matthew Jones, who lived
near by. Major Watson was not a man of much education or
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 79

reading; but he was an honest and true man; of good natural
ability, and had the respect and confidence of his neighbors
and of all who knew him. He was once elected to the State
Senate over Colonel James Carroll, one of the ablest lawyers
of the Edgefield Bar and afterwards Chancellor. A good many
stories illustrating the ignorance of Mr. Watson and showing
his unfitness for public life, were told about this time. Here
is one not at all to his discredit as an honest man, however
much it might show that he was not well posted in public
affairs. When State Senator he was asked what he thought
of the Kansas-Nebraska Bill, which was then under discussion
in the Congress of the United States. He at once replied:
“Why, sir, if it is a just bill it should be paid.’’ Mr. Watson
was possessed of abundant wealth and being childless, he left
it all to the children of his brothers and sisters.
80 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. -

DR. J. C. READY.

I do not know any more appropriate time and place than the
present to introduce a brief notice of Dr. John C. Ready, a
physician of talent and of extensive practice, who lived for
many years in Edgefield County and who died at his home on
the Ridge in 1870 or 1871. Dr. Ready was bern in Chester
District in 1802. If I mistake not, I have been told that after
taking his degree in medicine he practiced for awhile in New-
berry District, but I may be mistaken in this. The first time
I ever saw Dr. Ready was in Edgefield County, not far from
the Saluda River at the muster ground of the Yellow Jacket
Volunteer Company, during the nullification excitement—the
year Ido notremember. The doctor was then unmarried; a
new comer into the county, and, being a good talker, of good
education and of fine intelligence and ambitious of distinction,
he was called upon to make a speech. There was a barbecue
on hand, and, without doubt, a good supply of the ardent to
stimulate the patriotism of the people, which was already glow-
ing with considerable heat, burning in opposition to the high
protective tariff measures of Congress. But in spite of our op-
position; in spite of nullification, a high protective tariff has
been imposed upon certain classes of goods from that day to
this, and I suppose will be to the end, for it is the natural dis-
position of those who have the power to rob and oppress the
weak. In fact, it may be laid down as a law, fixed and unal-
terable, that the weak have no rights that the strong are
bound to respect. We see this principle, or law, established
and exemplified through all animate and inanimate nature.
Wherever there is life the strong and vigorous organization
overshadows, oppresses, and destroys the weak. The strong
man, the strong party, the strong nation, is only acting in ac-
cordance with fixed, unalterable law when robbing and de-
stroying the weak. But a protective tariff that makes one in-
dustry pay for the support of another, more than the legiti-
mate earnings of that other, is robbery all the same. Al-
though it is robbery, yet what will we have? It is manifest
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 8r

that laws were not made, and cannot be, for the strict adminis-
tration and securing of positive and absolute justice. How
can the ends of justice be attained by law when no man is just?
After all, it is not justice that is desired, but order, which is
far more important.

“Order is heaven's first law, be this confest, :

Some are, and must be, greater than the rest.’’

Yes, it is order that is the great desideratum, not justice.
After all, again, the tyrant of to-day; the oppressor is no hap-
pier nor better off than the oppressed. The autocrat of all the
Russias is a poor unfortunate wretch, whose nights and days
are dreams of terror. The wretchedest exile in Siberia is not
more unhappy than he. And, again, how can we have justice
in this world, when no man wants it, but wants, instead, to
getthe upper hand of somebody else. After all, again, the
oppressor is no happier nor better off than the oppressed. Say
that he gets all he wants; let him pile up his millions; he can-
not take them out of this world. They are of the earth and
must remain on the earth. But #e dies and goes to hell, and
when he gets there he’ curses himself for being such a damned
fool while here. Even then, though, he would not change
himself, but his condition, for he can have no idea of any hap-
piness, of any joy in life, except that which comes from self-
love and the gratification of all selfish desires and purposes.
If he ever hears or thinks of heaven, of a place, or State,
where men are happy and not wretched like himself, he only
thinks of those who are there as having been wiser and sharper
than he, and as having made a better bargain}with somebody.
‘That his surroundings are himself, and that heaven and hell
grow out of the persons who are in them, is a thought that it
is impossible for him to entertain, But a tariff for protection,
that fosters one industry at the expense of another, is robbery:
for all that, and everyone who receives any benefit from it is a
robber to that extent. Yes, it is order that the world wants,
not justice, not right; and let the robbery be done in due and
ancient form and no complaint should ever be made—that is,
ought not to be made. Though complaints will be made.
There are always some restless, dissatisfied persons who cannot
see, who wzi/ not see, rather, that order, the good order and
welfare of society, requires that things should always remain
82 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

as they are and never be disturbed. Robbery is robbery never-
theless, and protective tariff comes under that category.

It was on this theme that the doctor was holding forth the
first time I ever saw him. What he said I cannot remember, but.
it was in opposition to the tariff. He was a good speaker, and
a very good practicing physician, but he was entirely unfit to
be a surgeon, on account of a weakness and unsteadiness of
nerve. I saw him oncetry to remove a small object from one
of the nostrils of achild. His hand shook and trembled so
much that it was impossible for him to insert the forceps into.
the nostril, and he had to give it up and send the child away.
The object was soon afterwards removed by some one by the
simple process of pushing it back into the mouth.

During the great religious revival that swept over the coun-
try from 1830 to 1836, Dr. Ready became converted under the
preaching of Barnes, Hodges, and Worthington; joined the
church, and was himself quite a zealous Baptist preacher for
awhile. He married Miss Eliza Rook, of Laurens County, an
estimable and excellent lady. After marriage he settled at
Mount Enon and built him a good house where he lived for a
number of years, prospering and accumulating property. He
then sold his property and removed to the Ridge. His son
William J. Ready and some others of his children were born

at Mount Enon. I remember William asa boy, but do not
think I ever saw him after his father moved to the Ridge.

He, too, is gone, after an honorable career; having been an
officer in service during the War of Secession, and afterwards
elected to the House of Representatives and State Senator.
His estimable widow, in a few months after his death, also de-
parted this life.

THAT YELLOW JACKET COMPANY.

1 think this company should have more notice than the men-
tion of its mame, as it was certainly one of the most unique
institutions of the kind that ever was devised. It was a rifle
company and met on the old Ninety-Six Road, at the Sum-
mers’ Place, not far from Perry’s Cross Roads, and near a plan-
tation belonging to Colonel Smith Brooks. It was at this place
that I first saw Colonel Brooks and heard him say something
to the people about having been an old Revolutionary soldier.
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 83>

This was during the period of the nullification excitement..

The uniform of the Yellow Jacket Company was certainly”
one of the funniest ever devised by the ingenuity of man; but-
it had one exceeding great virtue—there was no excess of
drapery about it. It was handy. The company was called
the Yellow Jacket Company because the uniform was of a yel-
lowish hue, nankeen or copperas, and cotton at that. The
coat was a roundabout jacket, with the funniest little frizzled
up duck’s tail that I ever saw to a jacket, somewhat like that
which race jockey boys have to their coats. The people I saw
there, even all the boys that were with me that day when I
heard Dr. Ready speak are all gone. My elder brother, Giles,
was there. He was killed at the Battle of Buena Vista, in
Mexico, when General Taylor gained his great victory that
niade him President of the United States. My uncle Daniel
Abney was there—gone long ago. James Black, gone more
than forty years ago. Mike Long—gone. I do not remember
that I saw George Spearman that day. He is living yet. His
mother was a Nunn—first married Abney—the grandfather of
A. P. Coleman, who lives near the old cross-road—when a
widow married Spearman, the father of George and Nancy,
who are both now living. Nancy Spearman married Lewis
Sample, the father of Frank and Sam. His widow lived and
died near the place on which she was born, which was within
a few hundred yards of the Yellow Jacket muster ground. At
this same barbecue, of which I have been telling, I remember
seeing Alexander Stewart, a scion of that Tory family of the
Revolution, the same who preserved as sacred relics the red
coat and other things worn by some of his people during that
time. Aleck Stewart was himself of rather unsavory reputa-
tion, but I received treatment from him that day that warmed
my heart towards him and kindled a grateful feeling that never
has died out and never can. I was a very bashful and difh-
dent boy, and have always been a very bashful and diffident
man, though my friends might not know it, and might not
believe it should I tell them, but it is true, nevertheless. Alex-
ander Stewart seeing my diffidence and backwardness, took me
up to the table, waited upon me and gave me whatever I
wanted, and as muchas I wanted toeat. I have never forgot-
ten it. Iam afraid of boys. It seems to me, sometimes, that
84 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

a great many boys try to be smart, and make themselves too
start. They are not allso. Some are too diffident and back-
ward, and in such cases if you can givea little kindly en-
couragement, be it ever so little, you do a world of good and
make to yourselves lasting friends. Girls always receive at-
tention, it is their due; but boys often fail to receive the small
sweet courtesies, when they would be of great and lasting
benefit to them.

A FIGHT AT EDGEFIELD.

As Iam now writing of events that occurred in the midst of
Nullification times, the Yellow Jacket Company, being a red-
hot nullification rifle company, I may as well relate an inci-
dent that occurred at Edgefield Court House, in which a young
Irishman or Scotchman, named Archibald Armstrong, who, I
think, was a member of the company, was an interested party.
One public day at Edgefield, whether Court-week or Sale-day,
not now remembered, Armstrong was there, a jolly, rollicking
young giant, ready for a fight ora frolic. In that day and
time at Edgefield Court House one did not have to go far to
find either a fight ora frolic. I am glad to say it is nowa
seat of culture and refinement. The crowd that day was de-
cidedly a nullification crowd, and decidedly in earnest, as Edge-
field crowds, in town or county, always are. There may have
been some anti-nullifiers or submissionists there, but if there
were any they found it necessary to lay low and keep dark.
This crowd, seeing that Armstrong was a stranger, and some
of them taking it into their heads that he was a submissionist,
picked a quarrel with him and soon got into a fight. They put
one of their best men forward, but after a few rounds he was
used up and rendered unfit for further service. They tried
him with auother, and another, but he still remained master of
the field and the situation. He then told them to come on one
at a time and he would tan out the whole crowd if they wished;
but they had enough, and no other one was found willing to
tackle him. Armstrong had a friend present whom they all
knew and respected; but until he spoke they did not know he
was Armstrong’s friend, as he had remained very quiet and
was looking on to see fair play. He told them that Armstrong
was as good and true a nullifier as any of them; that he knew
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 85

him well and could vouch for him. This friend was James
Boulware, of Big Creek, whom I knew well in my boyhood
and early manhood. He moved to Alabama, and long after-
wards I met him once at Edgefield Court House when he had
passed the meridian of life; but he stood straight as an arrow
and his step was firm. His beard was white, as white as snow,
whiter than my own is now, and hung down upon his breast.
His eyes were bright, his face was ruddy and full of health,
and I thought him the finest looking man I had ever seen.
Mr. William P. Butler of Edgefield, when I saw him last, a
long while ago, was a very handsome man, but Mr. Boulware
was larger, and there was a strength and vigor in his appear-
ance, that impressed me so much that I still bear him in mind
as the finest looking man I have ever yet seen. His brother,
Humphrey Boulware, was Sheriff of Edgefield for some years.
His grandmother was a Rutherford, of the patygiotic family of
Colonel Rutherford of the Revolution. She sleeps her last
sleep at Red Bank Baptist Church, of which she was a member.
86 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

XI.

A REMARKABLE PHENOMENON.

Just before the great and decisive act of Secession, in the
Fall of 1860, as I have been told it was, but my memory would
place it a year or two earlier, in 1859, I think. I did not wit-
ness the phenomenon, but was told of it the next morning. I
was absent from home in Laurens County, and the display oc-
curred after the usual hour of retiring to sleep. It was a won-
derful display of the Aurora Borealis. ‘‘I awoke,’’ says my
informant, ‘‘with a great thirst, being a little boy at the time,
when my mother, of blessed memory, took me to the piazza to
get some water. The whole element appeared to be a solid
sheet of blood, and the reflection from the sky caused a pale
yellow light to shine upon the earth. Many others saw it, and
some say they heard music also. The old men called them
‘war lights,’ and said such things occurred to their fathers
just before the Revolution.’’ I did not see this magnificent
disylay of the heavenly light, but remember hearing it spoken
of as ominous of coming trouble. Comets were once so re-
garded and eclipses of the sun, and all unusual and remarka-
able displays of natural phenomena. Indeed, a great display
of the Aurora Borealis is enough to strike any beholder with
feelings of awe, and the unlearned with terror. It is a phe-
nomenon which the most learned and scientific men of the age
have never been able to explain satisfactorily. It is too hard
for science. It seems to be one of those unexplainable phe-
nomena. Similar phenomena occurred about ten years later,
beginning in August and continuing almost nightly, until far
into the spring following. Some of the auroras were exceed-
ingly beautiful, rising in the northeast in great pillars of red-
dish light, passing westward across the pole and sinking in the
northwest. As for the music, I know not whether any was
heard then, but that music is sometimes heard in the atmos-
phere above us without any visible producing cause, I know;
but whether it be an echo from music at a distance, or whether
it be strains descending from supernal sources, I do not know.
One day at the burial of a child in Rosemont Cemetery, New-
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 87

berry, officiating minister Rev. W. D. Kirkland, of the Metho-
dist Church, I heard distinctly a strain of music, coming, it
seemed tome, from far above, yet floating around and near.
It might have been—I know not which—a response to the
hymn just sung at the grave, or a welcome from angelic choirs
to the soul of the child. Be its source what it may, I heard it.
Some years afterwards a friend told me that riding by the
same cemetery one evening near sunset, when everything was
quiet and still around, he heard similar strains floating in the
air far above him. Is it superstition to believe that there is
another and a better world very near to this, and that some-
times, whether by eye or by ear, or by some other sense, we
may have perception of its nearness?

SECESSION AT MOUNT WILLING.

When the State seceded, December 20th, 1860, the cannon
of rejoicing that were fired at Hamburg were heard as far as
Mount Willing, and even beyond. The cannon fired at Char-
leston, during the bombardment of that city by the Federals,
were heard very nearly as far as Ninety-Six; but they were of
much larger calibre than those at Hamburg. A few days after
the passage of the Ordinance of Secession, the lower battalion
of the Tenth Regiment was assembled at Mount Willing and a
company of volunteers was formed to go into service. David
Denny, the same man who commanded a company during the
Seminole war, was elected captain. This day will always be
remembered in the history of that battalion. A beautiful flag,
attached to a rope stretched from the top of the storehouse to
the limb of a large oak, was waving in the air. The ladies,
carried away by the enthusiasm of the time, waved their hand-
kerchiefs and cheered their friends and relatives as they vol-
unteered; while the band kept up a continual strain of music;
and the militia officers paraded and swore at a fearful rate, as
fully as terribly as ever our army did in Flanders. Aunt Fannie
Smith, a free colored woman, who sold ginger-cakes and beer
at musters, did a great business that day. Thomas L. Smith
was the Colonel of the Tenth Regiment of militia. When a
hundred men had enlisted and enrolled themselves, Miss
Lizzie ‘Dozier, who, after the close of the war, married Cap-
tain Charlton, presented them their flag. J.C. McElroy re-
88 HISTORY OF EEGEFIELD.

ceived it and assured the ladies that he would carry it from the
Potomac to the Rio Grande, if necessary. He did his best
during the war. He carried it beyond the Potomac, and his
heroic dust now lies beneath the soil, or mingled with it, of
one of the famous battle fields of Maryland. Several other
companies were formed and went to the front. The names, as
far as it is possible to procure them, of all, both officers and
men, who went from the county, with the casualties, will be
given before I close.

It is impossible in this book, nor does it come within its
scope, to give a history of the War of Secession; but some in-
cidents and anecdotes will doubtless be given before the work
is done. Many brave deeds were performed, mdny lives were
lost, and many cripples were made during that great contest;
but the only question finally settled and decided was the rela-
tive strength and power of endurance of the parties. The
great political question as to the relations existing between the
States was left precisely zz statu quo ante bellum. Slavery?
‘That was a mere accident or incident of the quarrel, and not
the question—not a question at issue between the parties. The
real question at issue was: Whether a State, once independent,
having formed a union with other independent States, could
sever that union at will. We affirmed; they denied. The
other side fought for the union, solely and simply, under any
conditions. We fought for the freedom and independence of
the States as States, without regard to any particular forms of
government, whether Democratic, Republican, or Aristocratic.
We were Greeks; they were Romans, who fought for empire.
And as Rome conquered Greece in ancient days, so, in modern
times, the Empire has conquered and the Greek States have
perished. Let us see to it that Greek culture, Greek art,
Greek thought, and Greek poetry, and Greek inspiration, have
not perished, though the States have. In time we may re-
conquer the empire, as Greece through her letters at last con-
quered Rome.

Mr. Lincoln cared no more for the freedom of the negro
than Mr. Davis did. His Emancipation Proclamation, which
has been so much lauded by his admirers, was issued only asa
war measure, in the hope that it would weaken the defences of
the South by exciting insurrections, insubordination, and en-
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 89

couraging runaways from the Southern fields. It expressly
excepted from its operation all States and parts of States not in
rebellion against the government of the United States, and
slaves in all such States and parts of States were to remain in
slavery because their masters were loyal.

Men went to the frout full of enthusiasm, leaving wives and
children at home. Ina little while it was impossible to go to
church, or to any gathering of people, without seeing wounded
soldiers at home on furlough, with arm in a sling or limping
on crutches. Every mail brought news of a neighbor or a
friend being wounded or killed in battle. The most distin-
guished officers that were killed from the section of country
embraced in the lower battalion of the Tenth Regiment,
were Lieutenants J. R. Bouknight, W. J. Denny, J. M.
Daniel, Levi Crouch, W. A. Rutland, and Hiram Holstein;
Captain Norris and Major John Crowder. These were all
brave and patriotic men. No doubt there were many brave
deeds done by private soldiers, as well as by the officers, that
ought to be recorded; and the pen of this scribe would move
gladly and swiftly in recording them, but no record was made
of them at the time, and they have passed into the sum of all,
lost, but not lost, as a drop of water in the sea.

Old soldiers still often speak of the unrivalled fun and cour-
age of Loss Padget, a youth of twenty, who was killed in Vir-
ginia just before the surrender of Lee’s army. The men now
living who were most prominent in the war from the lower
battalion, are Captain P. B. Waters, now a lawyer at Edge-
field; James Mitchell, A. P. West, A. P. Bouknight, James
Boatwright, Henry Vanzandt, S. L. Ready, and Colonel E. J.
Goggans.

This war gave freedom to the negroes, but it settled no
question of right or wrong. It did not even settle the right or
wrong of slavery. It only settled the question whether it
should be or not he—that is the question. If African slavery
was wrong, it was wrong whether triumphant or not. That
it was wrong, and a very great wrong, I never doubted from
the time I was old enough to read and to think for myself.
But I was a slave holder until the close of the war, and would
be one even now, I suppose, if the institution had continued
till to-day undisturbed. We did not fight for slavery, in it-
go HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

self considered—that wasa mere side issue—as Lincoln and
others never fought against it per se, but only as a means of
hurting us. We fought for the States as States; for the right
to pursue our own course, our own policy, to manage our own
affairs, undisturbed and uninterfered with. We were Greeks,
animated by the old horoic spirit of Greece, that led us to fix
our affection upon our own State, and make it first and fore-
most, the glory of the world. The northern sentiment was
Roman, with Lincoln as the head and chief exponent. That
sentiment regarded the States as nothing, save as integral
parts of the empire which centered at Washington, as the Ro-
man Empire did at Rome. This question the war did not set-
tle, and could not. It settled no question except the relative
strength of the parties to the contest. Rebellion! He who
uses that word as applicable to the people of the South is him-
selfa tyrant or an ignoramus. We are a conquered people.
Is it possible for a conquered people to love that power which
conquered them? Is it possible for us to love a union which is
forced upon us? We may acquiesce; we may faithfully do our
duty as subject citizens; but that love, which ought to animate
the heart and soul of every true citizen, must be wanting. The
true union is free and not forced. I feel nowas I have always
felt, that the strongest bond of union possible to be devised, is
for each and every State to have the acceded right and to be at
perfect liberty to leave the union, with or without cause, when-
ever it might choose to do so. If the United States in 1860, or
1861, had said to South Carolina: ‘‘Well, you have left us; all
right. Youthink you can get along without us; we know
that we can do very well without you. Go in peace; let us
live in peace.’’ If this had been the ruling sentiment of the
United States, South Carolina would have become the laugh-
ing stock of the world, and would soon have been knocking at
the door for readmission into the Union. Suppose that now
any State had the conceded right to leave the Union at once,
if it saw proper, the State, of course, bearing its proper and
proportionate share of the existing public debt. What could
the State t.ope to gain by it? Nothing short of madness could
induce any State to do it. But when the Union is one of
force, when the chain that binds the States is one of iron or
of steel, fast riveted, and not the golden fetter of good will and
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. gI

love and good fellowship, it galls and hurts, no matter how
lightly and loosely and easily it may hang upon the limbs. It
is a fetter imposed by force, and from that very fact becomes
hateful, because the wearer knows that whenever the will of
the master requires, it may be drawn so tight as to crush and
destroy all freedom of motion. But I cannot doubt that a
Divine Providence is in all human affairs, and that, in the War
of Secession, God permitted the South to be beaten because
slavery existed there, and ‘Aaf He wanted to destroy.

Soon after the war desperate white men, some of whom, it
is said, had belonged to the Federal army, got in the Saluda
country, and, there and elsewhere, committed robberies and
other desperate deeds, that would do honor to the brigands of
Spain, or Italy, or the James Brothers, or to the celebrated
John A. Murrell. Major Hodge and a man named Thomas
were leaders of these desperadoes. ‘Thomas I saw once ata
party, a social gathering in Edgefield County, in 1865, and
again in my own bookstore in Newberry in the year 1866. He
had bargained with a tobacconist from North Carolina, for the
purchase of a wagon load of tobacco, with the wagon and ‘eam,
to be delivered at a certain specified time and place; and they
came into the store together to draw up the contract or agree-
ment in writing. Soon after the tobacconist heard some
rumors in regard to the reputation of Thomas and he did not
appear and deliver the tobacco, &c., at the time and place
agreed—probably from fear of being robbed and murdered. It
was rumored afterwards that Thomas was hanged for some
crime, and that Hodge was captured and hanged by the Fed-
eral garrison at Augusta. This period of lawlessness lasted,
perhaps longer than it would have done if the government of
the State had not passed entirely out of the hands of the native
white men, citizens, as one of the results of the war. David
Graham, a full-blooded negro, who lived near Red Bank, was
elected to the Legislature several times during the period
from 1868. And nearly all the representatives and county
officers were negroes.

MINISTERS OF THE GOSPEL.

Let us now notice some of the ministers of the gospel and
teachers of the youth of this part of Edgefield. Rev. Henry
92 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

Herlong was a native of Orangeburg, though his home for
many years was in Edgefield near the Little Saluda River. He
was a good farmer as well as a good preacher and good man.
He was a Methodist preacher, but, I believe, never an itiner-
ant. He was the founder of Emory Chapel. I learned some-
thing from him once about the mixture of soils and earths,
which is worth remembering. Just below the public road and
on the east or right bank of Little Saluda, he had a small piece
of bottom land so crawfishy that it was worthless and unpro-
ductive. In course of time red clay from a hillside in the road
washed down upon it in considerable quantities, and the qual-
ity of the soil became entirely changed and produced heavy
crops of corn. He then made further experiments and found
the red clay upon such places to be most excellent manure.
Mr. Herlong was the father of Rev. Vastine Herlong, whom I
used to see frequently and to know well. Spann’s was named
in honor of Rev. Henry Spann. Revs. Michael Rauch, Paul
Derrick, Emanuel Caughman, and A. M. Lindler have all, at
different times, preached the Word to the Lutheran churches
in this part of Edgefield. Their names will probably again
appear in a sketch of the Lutheran Church.

Revs. Mark Abney,{George Bell, A. P. Norris, and Abner
Asbil were all acceptable ministers amongst the Baptists here.
Mark Abney and George Bell, this writer, many years ago,
knew well. Mr. Bell was a young man grown at Mount Enon
School in 1835, when the writer was a little boy. Being near-
sighted or having some defect in his eyes, he wore glasses,
which we little fellows thought very singular. He became a
very excellent business man, as well as acceptable preacher
and good citizen.

At the time of the ministrations of the Revs. Herlong and
Spann in this part of Edgefield, the people called Methodists
were not very numerous; but they were, and are, soactiveand
aggressive, and withal, so sympathetic, that they have in-
creased greatly in numbers.

EDUCATION.

I have already written something on the subject of educa-
_tion, but it is never out of order to yive additional information,
as the schoolmaster certainly occupies one of the most useful
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 93

and responsible positions in the world. There have been some
very excellent teachers in the Lower Battalion. David Pugh,
a graduate of Cambridge University, in England, taught for
many years a large school near Mount Willing. Dr. John
Barrett, another highly cultivated Englishman, spent a great
part of his life as ateacher. Many of the prominent men of
Edgefield for several generations , were students of theirs. It
wasythe custom in those days for schoolmasters to work, like
other people, the year round and all day, Saturday excepted.
Now it is not thought necessary. Possibly ours is the better
plan. It was quite common also in those days for educated
men and women from the North to seek and find situations
here as teachers. It is not so common now. The change in
our domestic institutions has produced of necessity a very great
change in our home life as well. At this time we have Train-
ing Schools for teachers, and many men, women and girls take
pride in fitting themselves for doing the most perfect work
possible, and our schools are taught mostly by trained teach-
ers, ‘‘native and to the manner torn.’’ This is as it should be.

WATSON, BATES AND OTHERS.

Colonel Sam Watson was one of the most prominent charac-
ters of this section from 1850 to 1860. He lived where his son
P. B. Watson now resides. He accumulated a very handsome
property and died in 1873, about 57 years of age, leaving a
large and respectable family. Captain Tom Bates was another
prominent man at this time. His home was near the beautiful
‘Mtown of Batesburg, in fact, the place was named in honor of
his family. Captain Bates married a daughter of Wade Hol-
stien. He was quite wealthy. Alonzo Bates is his only son.
William Padgett was also a worthy and prominent citizen of
this section. He never sought nor held any public position.
Indeed it may be said of the Padgetts that they are remark-
able for their love of private life. William Padgett’s wife was
Margaret Denny, sister of Colonel David Denny, of whom men-
tion has already been made. He was quite wealthy before the
war but at its close he was not rich. For honesty, industry, and
general integrity of character he had few superiors. Rev. Mah-
lon D. Padgett, of Mount Willing, and Mr. David Padgett, of
the Ridge, are his sons. One of the loveliest characters I ever
94 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

knew was Mr. Mahlon Padgett, whose home is near Trenton —
hale and erect at the age of four score years—a man with a
small body but a large head and large heart. I knew him first
at school in the year 1835. We were students together in the
same class in English Grammar, of which Rev. George Bell
was alsoa member. Mahlon is still living and I hope that I
may meet him again. The last time I ever saw him was at
Edgefield Court House, many years ago, during or just
before the war, I do not now remember.

Mount Willing can boast of the largest and smallest man in
the county. Wesley Corley, the large man, is sixty-five years
old and weighs 350 pounds. Lewis Suddath is about sixty,
and weighs about 45 or 50 pounds. I have seen Mr. Suddath
several times—the last time was, I think, in the year 1885 or
1886, at O’Neall’s church in Edgefield, near his home. Mr.
Corley 1 have never seen.

DIVISION OF THE DISTRICT.

Many years ago the question of the division of the District
was frequently discussed, being thought by many to be too
large. The idea then was to cut off the Tenth Regiment.
Hon. George D. Tillman, then a young, ambitious man—he
has since lost his youth but not his ambition—took a leading
part in the movement. The District has since been divided, but
not in the way then desired. Beech Island, including Ham-
burg, has been cut off and joined to a part of Barnwell, mak-
ing the new County of Aiken. The old desire for division on
this side seems to have evaporated. It may be, too, that the
election of such good citizens from this side to the Legislature,
as D. B. Peurifoy, Rev. C. P. Boozer, J. B. Suddath, W. J.
Ready, has done much to cure the dissatisfaction.

Since this was written the District has been divided, and now
we have Saluda County.
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 95

XII.

MOUNT WILLING—ORIGIN OF THE NAME

Jacob Smith first settled Mount Willing. He had the old
English custom of giving names to every farm and separaté
place he owned. He lived first at the place now (1891) occu-
pied by Mr. Frank Boyd, which he called Flat Grove. His
house was near the creek, near the old Smith and Bonham
grave-yard. This place was very sickly at that time, which
caused Mr. Smith to remove to a place which he called Wine
Hall, where Mr. William Myrick now‘lives. Just before the
Revolutionary War Mr. Smith built a tavern in the woods on
the east side of Richland Creek. Soon afterwards a large
number of men met at the tavern to see about opening some
roads through the country. When they were through with
the business of the meeting and all had agreed upon the loca-
tion of the roads to be cut—the same, by the way, that cross
there now—the Chairman or President of the meeting called
out: ‘‘Let’s Mount!’ to which was replied: ‘‘Willing!’’ Mr.
Smith, who was present, caught the words, and gave the
place the name of Mount Willing, which name it has borne
ever since. Jacob Smith married Sarah Butler, an aunt of
General William Butler. Cunningham, while on his great
raid, stopped there in order to refresh his men and also to put
Smith to death, but a Tory begged Cunningham to allow Mr,
Smith a few moments to pray, which request was granted.
The Tory then ran to the house of Russell Wilson, who lived
only a short distance from the store, north, and got Mrs.
Carghile to help intercede for his life. Mrs. Carghile was
Wilson’s sister, and the widow of Captain Neely Carghile, who
had been lately killed by the Whigs. She told Cunningham
of Smith’s great kindness to the widows and orphans of the
murdered Tories, which saved his life. Jacob Smith was a
man of great wealth, and many are the stories told of his
liberality to the distressed families of both Whigs and Tories
during the Revolution. He died in 1805 at about seventy
years of age, and was buried at Flat Grove. Mr. Smith left a
son, Luke, and a daughter, Sophia. Luke married Elizabeth
96 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

Loman, by whom he had two children, Jacob B. Smith and
the exemplary wife of Dr. Rhyden G. Mays. Sophia married
Captain James Bonham, a young widower from Maryland.
Captain Bonham lived near Red Bank and died in 1815, at the
age of thirty-nine. His oldest daughter, Sallie, married John
Lipscomb; Julia married Dr. Bowie. His oldest son, Malachi,
emigrated to Texas; James also went there, and was one ofthe
victims of the massacre at the Alamo. Milledge was the
youngest, and was regarded as a very pious youth; in fact, he
used to preach sometimes. He read law; was a successful
practitioner; was made Solicitor of his circuit, his home being
at Edgefield; was a member of Congress when the State se-
ceded; became Brigadier-General in the Confederate service;
took an active part and rendered efficient service at the first
battle of Manassas or Bull Run; was elected Governor succeed-
ing Pickens, and held that office for two years during the war.
After the war he held different public positions, and died in
the service of the State. Mrs. Bonham, his mother, lived with
him at the court house during the last years of her life. She
was a lady of extraordinary merit. When she died the Gov-
ernor had her buried by the side of his father at Flat Grove.
General William Butler had another aunt, Susan Butler,
who married Enoch Grigsby. Mr. Grigsby lived near Mount
Willing on the plantation occupied in 1891 by Dr. Unger.
He left one son, Colonel Rhyden Grigsby, and four daughters.
One of these daughters married Captain Jonathan Wever; one
General Samuel Mays, of Big Saluda; one Lod Hill, who lived
near Richardsonville in the Revolution; Thomas Butler, a
brother of General Butler, married another. Lod Hill left
two sons, Theophilus and Henry; and a daughter, who mar-
ried Captain Bryant Dean, the father of Colonel A. B. Dean
and Captain Theophilus Dean. Henry Hill was the father of
Dr. Lovett Hill, of Ward, and the grandfather of John B.
Hill, School Commissioner in 1891. Did he not also have a
son named James? Theophilus Hill was the father of Lod
Hill and Rhyden Hill, who are now dead; and also of Henry
Hill, of Johnston; Dr. Walter Hill, of the court house; James
R. Hill, of Richardsonville; Ben Hill, Dyson’s; and a son
Thomas, who was killed in the War of Secession. Captain
Offie Dean, just mentioned, was living in 1891 at Mount Enon,
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 97

in the house built by Dr. J. C. Ready. Many years ago Cap-
tain Dean was tax collector for the District, and may also have
held other positions.

Colonel Rhyden Grigsby and Colonel Simpson Wilson mar-
ried sisters, the Misses Manning. ‘Their brother, Luke, a
very celebrated characte in his day, is said to have killed
three men in South Carolina, for which he was tried and found
guilty of murder, but was reprieved each time. He finally
went to Alabama, and there having killed a man, he was
tried, found guilty of murder, and suffered the extreme penalty
of the Jaw. Colonel Grigsby died of consump.ion and his sons
removed to Alabama. A Mr. Herbert, and John and Thomas
Waters married hi. daughters.

MAD BILL ABNEY.

Colonel Wilson and his son-in-law, Mark McKann, removed
to Florida. Colonel Wilson was very wealthy, and had John
Crouder and Mad Bill Abney employed to help superintend
his business. Crouder went with him to Florida, but Abney
remained at Mount Willing, then owned by Wilson, with a
large number of negroes. The yellow fever raged in Florida
from 1830 to 1832, with fatal effect. McKann and all his
famity died of it. Colonel Wilson sent Crouder back to ar-
range one of his plantations, so th:t he could move his family
back to Edgefield. Cvouder, immediately after his return,
married Ellen Edwards, and just one month after his marriage
died of yellow fever. ‘The next fall his widow geve birth to a
son, who was called John A. Crouder. More will be said of
him after awh'le. Crouder, Wi'son, and McKann died in the
year 1832. Cclonel Wilson died in Florida, and his family all
returned to Edgefield.

In the fall of 1832 Abney married the widow Stevens, a
daughter of Colonel Wilson. A young gentleman from New-
berry married another vt the same time. Mrs. Stevens, who
was famous for her beauty, had gone to Florida, where her
husband died, leaving her a widow with three little girls. A
dashing young colonel, who wore a gaudy uniform, made her
an offer of marriage; but she told him if a lady like herself,
with three little daughters, ever married again, she ougat to
try and get a man like Mr. Abney, who knew how to make
98 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

corn and potatoes. Mr. Abney heard of the remark and after-
wards courted and married her. It is said that when the time
of the marriage came on and Mr. Abney went to the house to
be married, his modesty overcame him in the yard and he
could proceed no further. He found it impossible to go into
the house. His mother-in-law discovering his predicament,
and sympathizing with him in his embarrassment, walked out
to him and said very kindly: ‘‘Come in, Billy, the girls are
waiting.’’ This relieved him of his embarrassment. Mr. Abney
afterwards sold the Mount Willing place to Jacob B. Smith, a
grandson of the original settler, and removed to Alabama,
where he prospered and all went well with him. The epithet
of ‘‘Mad Bill’’ was applied -o him on account of the grumness
of his countenance, and not on account of any harshness, nor
violence, nor irritability of temper. This William Abney was
ason of Azariah Abney and grandson of Captain Nathaniel
Atney and Isabella Madison, who came from Virginia about
the year 1761. I never saw Mad Bill, nor his brother Hardy.
I was at their father’s house at the funeral of their sister, Miss
Elizabeth Abney, but I do not remember seeing them there.
The funeral sermon was preached by Dr. John Bolger, a great
Baptist preacher at thai time, living on Turkey or Mountain
Creek, or somewhere in that region of country. Dr. Bolger
was a connection of the family, he having married a widow
Wills, a sister of Azariah Abney, and who was also my own
great-grandmother. Dr. Bolger was- English by birth, and
came to this country in his youth or boyhood. He raised a
family here in Edgefield, but after his death they all moved
away and, I think, Dr. Bolger has no descendants now living
in Edgefield. Newberry’s much respected citizen, Warren G.
Peterson, is a nephew of Mad Bill Abney. So is Joel Abney,
of Saluda.

Jacob B. Smith married Matilda Youngblood, of Edgefield
village. He was elected Colonel of the Tenth Regiment of
South Carolina Militia, and also to the Legislature. He died
in 1853, when only a little over fifty years of age. After his
death the Mount passed into the possession of strangers, after
having been owned by some of the family Sor nearly a hundred

years.
Feeling a deep interest in the welfare of my old comrades of
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 99

Company D, Nineteenth South Carolina Volunteers, I have
learned, from inquiry, that Billy Reese, a litter-bearer, who
helped to carry me off the field when I was wounded, and
Lieutenant J. W. Denny, who became Captain of the company
before the close, have died since the war. Sam. Edwards, Bas
Peterson, James Crouch, and John Gregory, who was also a
litter-bearer, were living in 1891. There were others whose
names I cannot now recall. Sam. Edwards was wounded
twice at Atlanta and taken prisoner. One of his legs was am-
putated. My brother, Sergeant Thomas Chapman, w'io hini-
self was mortally wourded at Atlanta, sent word to Sam. Ed-
ward’s father that Sam. was mortally wounded; but he sur-
vived and remained in prison at Camp Chase, Ohio, until re-
leased in the summer of 1865. J. D. Smith Livingston lives
at Newberry.

JOHN A. CROUDER.

John A. Crouder helped to raise and organize Company D
of the Nineteenth Regiment. He first belonged to a company
commanded by Robert Meriwether, which went against Fort
Sumter and then to Virginia. When the time of his enlistment
expired he returned home and assisted Ira Cromley to raise
Company D. Cromley was elected Captain; Crouder, 1st Lieu-
tenant; E. B. Forrest, 2nd; and Isaac Edwards, 3rd. After a
few months, Cromley, Forrest, and Edwar:'s, who were too
old for service. resigned and retired, and Crouder was pro-
moted to be Captain. When the regiment was reorganized at
Corinth, Miss., Crouder was elected Major, which position he
held until his death, March 12th, 1863, from the effects of a
wound received at the battle of Murfreesboro, Tennessee. His
sword is now in the possession of his kinsman, John Crouder
Edwards, who also bears his name—‘‘and these,’’ says Mr.
Edwards, ‘‘are about all the evidence that any such man ever
existed.’’ I understand that John Cronder Edwards is a
bachelor—not personally acquainted with him. He ought to
marry and transmit the sword of his dead kinsman, who was a
brave and honorable man, to his son, and scn’s son of coming
generations, as a precious relic of the horoic, though dark days
of the War of Secession.

Thomas G. Clemson, son-in-law of John C. Calhous, once
LOO HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

lived in Coleman Township, near Red Bank. Mr. Calhoun
often visited Mrs. Clemson, and while on these visits it was
that I had the good fortune to see Mr. Calhoun several times;
and also Mr. Clemson. It was during the time that Mr. Cal-
houn’s Dahlonega gold mines were at their best. Mr. Clem-
son was telling how rich the mines were, and by way of illus-
‘tration he took off an old fur cap which he was wearing, and
said that on one occasion he brought up from the mine in
which they were digging five hundred dollars worth of gold in
that cap. After Mr. Calhoun’s death in 1850, Mr. Clemson
sold his farm in Edgefield to Colonel Alfred Deering, and
moved to Pendleton. By will, Mr. Clemson gave to the State
a portion of that property in Pendleton for the purpose of
establishing an Agricultural College, which has been named
Clemson College in honor of the founder.

William Gregg, the builder of Graniteville, was a native of
West Virginia, and came to Edgefield when he was about
twenty years old. He married Marina Jones, of Ridge Spring.
His brother-in-law, General James Jones, and Colonel John
Bauskett had built a cotton factory at Vaucluse and tried to
run and operate it with slave labor. Their success was not
great, the laborers not having the requisite skill and expert-
ness. Mr. Gregg concluded to use white laborers at Granite-
ville, and succeeded in his enterprise.

In 1858, Mr. Gregg and Colonel James Carroll, afterwards
one of the chancellors of the State, opposed each other for the
State Senate. The contest was very warm and spirited, and
resulted in the election of Mr. Carroll. About this time there
was some blockade running—importing negroes from Africa—
an importation which had a few friends, and very few in Edge-
field, but which gave great offence to many persons. This
writer saw one young fellow belonging to a man who was liv-
ing near Richardsonville, but who was preparing to move into
Georgia, who was said to have been brought from Africa. He
had not learned to speak English. It is said, but with how
much truth I do not know, that Mr. William Spires, of Ham-
burg, who was then Sheriff, had charge of the District of
Edgefield for the introduction of Africans,
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. IOI

DR. WILLIAM MOBLEY.

In 1854, Dr. William Mobley was elected to the Legislature.
His grandfather, Jeremiah Mobley, came to Edgefield just
after the Revolutionary War from North Carolina, and settled
near Fruit Hill. His father, John Mobley, married Lucretia
Simkins. They left three sons, William, Eldred, and John.
William was born in 1809. He first married Harriet Goode,
of Centre Springs. She died soon. He then married Susan-
nah Neal, daughter of Hugh Neal, a wealthy gentleman of
Irish descent. Dr. Mobley was a deacon of Red Bank Church
for a long time. He was a man of very fine appearance, pleas-
ing manner, and remarkable for his kindness to all classes of
persons; traits of character which made him very popular both
as neighbor and physician. He was first elected to the Legis-
lature in 1854, to fill a vacancy caused by the death of Mr.
John C. Allen, of Fruit Hill. He was re-elected several times,
and was a member at the time of his death in October, 1866.
102 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

XIII.

WESTSIDE.

Let us give our attention for awhile to that part of Edge-
field known as the Westside, lying on the Savannah.

The history of Edgefield on the side bordering on the Sa-
vannah, especially in the upper portion, is perhaps not so full
of stirring incidents as some other sections of the county, but
no part can properly be said to be without the material of
which history is made. Man is the same in all ages and every-
where, and wherever man is, he is making histor y—history
which, indeed, may never be written, but which, if written,
might be found full of absorbing and eternal interest. The
record of the events now transpiring in any one day in South
Carolina, would furnish a history, the darker pages of which
would make the angels weep. We are always doing those acts,
the record of which constitutes history. Some years are much
more pregnant and fruitful in material than others; and some
sections more than others; but no year, no day, and no section
is entirely barren of material.

Since the earliest times the Savannah side of Edgefield has
been tributary to Augusta, Ga., and its rival towns, Harris-
burg and Springfield, on the Georgia side, with Campbellton
opposite and a little above on the Carolina side. These vil-
lages, in the earlier times, were rivals, and owing to the grow-
ing wealth of the surrounding country, where, besides the
traffic in pelts, hides, and other Indian products, tobacco soon
became a staple product. In those primitive days the making
of tobacco hogsheads in Augusta formed a considerable indus-
try. These were very different from the tobacco hogsheads of
recent times, and were necessarily made very much stronger
then than now, as these receptacles of the tobacco crop were
also the vehicles by means of which it was conveyed to market.
This was effected by attaching a pair of extemporized shafts to
each head of the hogshead, converting it into a huge roller, to
which an animal was attached by these shafts, and the crop
thus rolled to market.

As these rival villages were all at the head of navigation on
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 103

the Savannah, and all situated at the falls formed by the gran-
ite formation, which traverses a greater portion of the two
States, each seemed to possess equal chances of reaping the
benefit of such natural advantages, and possibly becoming the
chief infant city of these growing provinces.

Campbellton must have enjoyed the advantage of being the
chief market town of Westside, Edgefield, as several roads
and Indian trails centred at that point. Even at this time,
1892, the remains of an old trail leading up the Carolina bank
of the Savannah are plainly visible. This trail came up the
river to Stevens’ Creek, which it crossed at a shoal near its
confluence—later at a point a short distance above, known as
the free ferry—both long since abandoned. After crossing
Stevens’ Creek it ascended to the ridge, which, by a succes-
cession of abrupt and broken hills, forms an uneven back-bone
of lands about five miles in width, which divides these two
streams for a considerable distance north, when it gradually
subsides into a more even, but still hilly portion, marked by a
pine belt twenty miles above. This trail describes almost a
straight line to a point on the river known as Fort Hill, about
two miles below the crossing known as Scott’s Ferry, and
where is still to be seen the remains of an old but diminutive
earth-work, which served as a means of protection against the
savages for trappers and traders, who either inhabited or
visited this remote region. This ancient and almost obliterated
structure stands upon a projecting point of ridge at the foot of
the hills, and overlooking the river and the intervening low-
lands bordering on it. While the soil is for the most part thin
and rocky, the bottoms are quite fertile, and produce, even
now, fine crops with fair cultivation.

As Campbellton declined in glory and wealth, and the neces-
sity fora market on this side the river grew, Hamburg, the
offspring of the enterprise and industry of an energetic and
eccentric German named Shultz, came up out of the marshes
and swamps scarcely two miles below. By the indomitable
pluck and push of this remarkable man, aided by the advan-
tages of locality, Hamburg, at one time, was no mean rival of
Augusta, who had at this time swallowed up Springfield and
utterly eclipsed Harrisburg in the cotton and grocery trade of
all upper Carolina.
104 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

With the opening of the famous Augusta canal, which
effectually killed the river trade, navigation by pole boats on
the upper Savannah being both difficult and dangerous over
the shoals below the locks at the head of the canal, and by the
building not many years after of the Greenville and Columbia
Railroad, Hamburg was doomed. Soon after the beginning of
this decline, the South Carolina Railroad, which till then ter-
minated at Hamburg, purchased a site for depots in Augusta,
and extended its track across the river, thus sealing the fate
of Hamburg, and giving great gain and new life to her rival.
Yet, notwithstanding these fatal blows to the prosperity of
Henry Shultz’s hopes and lifework, Hamburg continued, even
after the close of the Confederate War, to do a small cotton
business. Reconstruction, with its hells and horrors, crushed
out the last lingering hopes in the hearts of the property
holders, and reached its climax ia the now historic riot of ’76,
which culminated in the death of one of Edgefield’s brightest
and best boys, the young, the gallant, and fearless Thos. Mc-
Kie Meriwether, who fell at the foot of the pier of the Colum-
bia and Augusta bridge on that dark day.

Campbellton, Edgefield, and even the State of South Caro-
lina, is adorned by another name made bright by the gallant
deeds of its bearer, who had his home there, or at a place
called New Richmond hardby, and who occupies a prominent
place in the history of our State—Le Roy Hammond, or, as he
was better known, Captain Le Roy Hammond, whose descend-
ants still own the lands of New Richmond, and have: figured
in the civil as well as the military annals of Edgefield. Else-
where in this book will be found a biographical sketch of Le
Roy Hammond, with some account of his Revolutionary ser-
vices.

Between Campbellton and the mouth of Stevens’ Creek
about five miles above Campbellton, were extensive and profit-
able shad fisheries, which gave employment and afforded reve-
nue to the land holders on either side of the river. So abun-
dant was the catch in the shad season that eight large roe shad
would scarcely fetch a dollar, and in consequence a great por-
tion of the season’s catch was pickled and sent away to other
markets. Round fish, such as suckers and red-horses, were a
drug, and furnished food for hogs. Such was the providence
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 105

of the early settlers of this rich and teeming portion of Edge-
field. \

Ascending the river over a broken and hilly country poorly
adapted to agriculture, yet occupied by men who in the face of
these adverse circumstances have been successful and prosper-
ous farmers; and crossing Stevens’ Creek, a more level and
more productive country comes into view. As population in-
creased and the products of the soil became more abundant,
other and more convenient avenues of trade became necessary.
About the year 1840, Delaughter, an enterprising citizen of
the fork, conceived the idea of building a covered bridge across
the creek two miles above its mouth, and obtained a charter
for a new road, which afforded improved facilities for reaching
market, but never realized his hopes of gaining wealth from
tolls collected. This property soon passed into the hands of
Colonel John Bauskett, a distinguished lawyer of the Edgefield
bar, and who also owned a very considerable landed estate in
the fork between the creek and river, and was long after
known as Bauskett’s bridge. This bridge went to decay and
was never rebuilt, and necessarily caused the abandonment of
the road. Long before the building of this bridge a road had
been established by way of a ford at a shoal two miles higher
up the creek, at which two brothers, George and Allen Ander-
son, had erected a grist mill, which, for a long series of years,
furnished grist, for a large portion of the neighboring country.
These worthy men were most exemplary citizens, and have
handed down a name for honesty, sobriety, and truth unex-
celled by any and equalled by few names which now or have
ever adorned the annals of this portion of Edgefield.

After passing out of the hands of the Andersons, this mill
property fell into the hands of Captain Robt. Meriwether, a
member of another quite prominent family, which figures in
the history of Georgia, as well as in that of this State. He it
was that gave material aid in establishing a school at Curryton,
a village five miles from the mill, and named in honor of Joel
Curry, who donated the lands, and otherwise aided in estab-
lishing two academies, male and female, the former under the
management of a distinguished teacher, James Leslie.

This Captain Meriwether, when quite young, went as a
soldier to the Seminole War, and after his return established
106 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

himself as a successful planter in Martinstown, whence he re-
moved to the Ware place in the fork, only going to Curryton
to educate his children and build upa school. In company
with Dr. Hugh A. Shaw, who was another founder and trustee
of the Curryton Schcols, and a popular and successful practi-
tioner of medicine in that community, he remodeled and re-
built the Anderson mill at considerable cost, but which still
stands as a work of the energy, enterpr’se, and industry of
these two men.

While writing of Captain Meriwether, it may be mentioned
that he was the first who raised a company and went to Char-
leston after Secession and aided with Gregg’s regiment, of
which his company formed a part, in the reduction of Fort
Sumter. He afterwards went to Virginia with that famous
regiment, and returned home after the expiration of the term
of enlistment (six months) to form another company. Later
on he re-entered the service and surrendered as Major of the
Reserves.

Mortified at defeat, he resolved never to pay tribute to the
victors; he sold out his possessions and with his family sailed
to Brazil, where he, at last accounts, was still living, and en-
gaged with his sons in coffee growing.

There is a wagon road running through Edgefield to Ham-
burg and Augusta called the Martintown road. Some short
distance above the old Collier place on this road many years
ago there stood almost in the edge of the road the remains of
an old rock wall, evidently the foundation and forming the
cellar of a barn or store house, probably the latter, which I
suppose was the centre of Martintown, and possibly the home
of the Martins of the Revolution (there were eight brothers),
the eldest of whom, William Martin, was Captain of Artillery,
and was killed at the siege of Augusta. Quite a number,
perhaps forty years ago, a family—at least two brothers,
Robert and Charles—an elder brother, George, having previ-
ously died, left the neighborhood of Horn’s Creek Church and
went to Florida. Five or six miles lower down Horn’s Creek,
near the Josia Sanborn place, there is an old plantation called
the Martin place, but I can trace them no further back. The
trading post located near Hamburg was probably just above
and at over about Campbelltown, which is about opposite
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 107

Harrisburg on the Georgia side, and once the rival of Augusta.
Even within the past decade many Indian relics have been
picked up about the site of old Campbellown, owned now, I
believe, by the Hammonds, descendants of Colonel Le Roy
Hammond of Revolutionary fame, who lived there also. ‘whe
trail heretofore alluded to is doubtless the one mentioned as
extending up the river on the Carolina side to another trading
post, called Fort Hill, at which point, I have been told, the
Savannah could be forded at low water, and where there was
a ferry or other crossing for the inhabitants of Georgia who
desired to avail themselves of this trade centre.

The author and compiler of this history inquired of Dr.
McKie about Robert M. McKie, of Tennessee; to this inquiry
he replied: ‘‘In tracing this family which came from the South
of Scotland and settled in Virginia, probably no great way from
Charlottesville, and afterwards to Horse Creek, below Ham-
burg, in this State, it has always been the rule to ask how it
is spelled. If ‘McKie’ be the way, further inquiry may be
made, otherwise not. Some of this family removed to Ala-
bama, some to Mississippi, and possibly afterwards to Texas,
but none to Tennessee that we know of. The Revolutionary
ancestor left Horse Creek and went to Augusta with his
family for protection during hostilities, while he, Daniel Mc-
Kie, was in the field with the partisans of his section. The
tradition is that he wasa fearless fighter, though once cap-
tured by the Tories and condemned to die on the gallows ex-
temporized by placing a grape vine over a swinging limb ona
neighboring tree and around his neck, mounted on his horse,
which was to be whipped out from under him. Fortunately,
another gang came up with one in authority who knew the
prisoner, and ordered him cut down and released. They had
been friends before hostilities. After the cessation of hostili-
ties this patriot left Augusta and settled on Stevens’ Creek,
five miles west of Martintown, where some of his descendants
still live.’ You will excuse this mention, as the family has
since filled a very humble place in the history of Edgefield,
being tillers of the soil, fond of retirement—almost to seclu-
sion—and never seeking place or preferment, and often shun-
ning both. The name is little known beyond the limits of
their immediate neighborhood. Thomas J. McKie, M. D.,
108 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

was surgeon of the Tenth Regiment South Carolina Volun-
teers. True, these lands are, and have been, in their posses-
sion during three generations; but that seems to be a peculiar
characteristic with the inhabitants of this strip of country.
The Craftons have been here for generations, the Meriwethers,
the Nixons, and the Middletons, with others, have held their
forefathers’ lands with a tenacity and fixedness not observed
in other sections. The Nixons have a most honorable record.
The father came here and settled near Clark’s Hill (named
from a blacksmith who had a shop and a tract of land just be-
low), the site of the depot now bearing that name. Mr.
Thomas Nixon, called Esquire Nixon, was a public-spirited
citizen, as well asa useful one. He began here as a school
teacher and farmer. Was a superintendent of public works
and represented Edgefield District in the Legislature. He
died in the prime of life, having contracted, as was then sup-
posed, a fever from a brother-in-law who had recently returned
from Charleston, where yellow fever was then epidemic—suf-
fering a similar affection.

When war with Mexico was declared, and the famous Pal-
metto Regiment was being made up, two of Thomas Nixon’s
sons, Jefferson P. and Thomas, volunteered along with Wm.
E. Middleton, son of Major John Middleton, and Joseph Meri-
wether, since Auditor for Edgefield County, and son of Thos.
Meriwether, one of the founders of Bethlehem Baptist Church,
joined Captain Preston S. Brooks’ company, which formed
part of that regiment. Thomas died at or near Vera Cruz.
Jefferson P. went through to the City of Mexico, distinguish-
ing himself for gallantry on many fields, and especially at
Chapultepec, where he behaved with such conspicuous bravery
as to gain promotion, and after returning to his home, where
the Hon. G. D. Tillman now lives, a silver pitcher, suitably
engraved, was given him as an acknowledgment of the high
appreciation accorded him by his fellow-citizens to his deeds of
glory.

The Tillman family, the name of which occupies so conspicu-
ous a place in State records of to-day, does not belong properly
to this locality. The father of the two prominent representa-
tives of the family to-day lived on Chavis’ Creek, on the old
Stage road leading from Edgefield Court House to Hamburg.
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 109

G. D. Tillman, the Congressman, now living at Clark’s Hill,
came here after his marriage to Miss Margaret Jones, a lady of
wealth, whose parents resided two miles above Clark’s Hill
and owned extensive tracts of land and numerous slaves.

Middleton, a name familiar to the history of the country, is
also linked intimately with the annals of the west side of Edge-
field. It has been suggested. that the land tenure idea which
has prevailed so uniformly in this locality is due to the fact
that its settlers came chiefly from Maryland and Virginia
strongly imbued with ideas which cling to their descendants.
The Middletons illustrated this. Hugh Middleton came here
from Maryland and bought large bodies of land, and small ones
as well—the custom in those days being to exchange lands for
cattle. A man with small holdings and desirous of ‘‘going
west,’’ would trade forty, eighty, or more acres of land, which
he cared not to occupy, for a cow and calf, which he would
take with him. Thus he, Mr. Middleton, widely extended
his possessions, having much cattle anda goodly number,
nearly a hundred slaves.

He settled near the Savannah River, three miles southwest
from Clark’s Hill depot, where his remains now lie buried.
Mention is made of him in the history of the country and par-
ticularly how he defeated a body of the enemy at Briar Creek.
His son John, Major Middleton, was also a distinguished man
of this community. He in early life went to the African coast
and brought back a number of natives, some of whom lived
out their days in the possession of his sons. He suffered ship-
wreck on the home voyage during which he took a distaste to
rice, upon which he lived for a long while, and could never
after be induced to eat rice. He was a most upright and
honest man; his decision of a matter between neighbors was
received without question. He also represented his people in
the Legislature. He died at a ripe oldage, about 84, honored
and respected by all.

At one time the Wares were large landholders of this section.
Captain Robert Ware had a then elegant residence near Wood-
_ Jawn, say four hundred yards distant, on an eminence, perhaps
' the highest in this section, where he must have lived in ease
and elegance if notin luxury. Large orchards, brick walks,
a distillery and other evidences of wealth and prosperity, were
IIo HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

noticeable not many years ago. ‘This family, the males of it
at least, have died out and none here now bear the name.

John Pury, the founder of the ferry across the Savannah,
a mile below the present railroad bridge of the A. & K. Rail-
road, who lived on the opposite side of the river, was quite a
landholder in Edgefield. The importance of this highway may
be better appreciated when we learn that it opened a thorough-
fare by a shorter and more practical route to Augusta. Early
in the history of our country it became the accepted line to the
head of navigation on the Savannah for all the northern and
western portion cf our State, and a large section of Western
North Carolina, besides many droves of horses, mules and, hogs,
from Kentucky and Tennessee, seeking a market in that portion
of the country tributary to Augusta. So heavy was this trade
and travel at one time that in the busy season of the year, the
Fall months, a string of wagons a quarter of a mile in length
might be seen on the river bank waiting their time to cross.
In this line of wagons might be found representatives of Ken-
tucky, Tennessee, North Carolina, and every district in the
northern and western portions of our own State. Then it was
that Augusta supplied with salt, sugar, coffee, rice and almost
every other article of commerce, this vast interior section; and
it was transferred in road wagons, much of it finding its way
by this Ferry. At one time the mails were transported by
means of stages over this Pury’s ferry route on to Wiilington,
in Abbeville District, near to which the distinguished McDuffie
had his Cherry Hill house. The opening of the Delaughter
bridge across Stevens’ Creek, at a point two or three miles
above its mouth, was the means of turning a large portion of
this trafic to Hamburg, which was then a great cotton mart,
besides supplying its full quota of groceries to the up-country,
and correspondingly lessening the trade of Augusta, which the
opening of the Canal soon restored to her. The completion of
the A. & K. Road, after the building of the Greenville and
Columbia Railroad, has directed this trade to other points,
almost entirely broken up wagon travel and necessarily making
the once important highway—so important to Augusta’s pros-
perity indeed, that the authorities in Augusta at one time
thought it worth while to lease and free this ferry, a neighbor-
hood convenience. This property is still in the family.
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. III

In looking over old land papers many strange and since for-
gotten names appear. Besides this the now almost obliterated
remains of old settlements are to.be.seen in many out of the
way places all over this section of Edgefield. The names of
Crookshank, Gardner, Stringer, Baker, Thomas, Boyd, Mc-
Daniel, (who kept a grog shop less than two hundred feet
away from this spot), Groves, Carson, a Baptist preacher,
Loya, another Baptist preacher, and many others once lived here.

About three miles south of Martintown and about two miles
east of Stevens’ Creek is a spot in the midst of a dense wood
known as the Methodist meeting house.

On the dirt road, two miles below Clark’s Hill depot, and
one mile below Clark’s Hill proper, is the site of perhaps the
first Baptist, or perhaps any other church ever built in this
neighborhood. It appears to have been founded in 1828, when
Mr. Thomas Meriwether gave to that body five acres of land
for the purpose of establishing a church. A few graves and
fewer tombstones now alone mark the spot near where the
building stood. Iconoclasts got hold of it and removed the
church organization, called Bethlehem, to Clark’s Hill, aban-
doning this almost sacred spot to the dead who lie buried be-
neath its soil.

The following letter throws some light from old times upon
this particular section of which we are now writing:

Poverty Hinz, S. C., May roth, 1893.
Thos. J. McKie, Woodlawn, S. C.:

DEAR Sir:—Yours of April 27th, to hand and contents duly
noted. J have been told that Bussey was the founder of An-
derson mill, not before 1780, or later than 1800, The road
formerly crossed the Creek about one-fourth mile below the
mill, and no doubt moved up on account of the mill. Some
old land plats would give about the date or the time it was built.

Peter Day was the founder of Brigg’s Mill and John Day of
Mealing mill. George DeLaughter built on Reese shoals
about 1815—moved to mouth of Sweet Water Creek about
1820. My father built a bridge across the creek just below
the mouth of Sweet Water Creek about 1839 or ’40—Free
Ferry road and flat about 1830.

The oldest road was probably the River road, and leaves the
Martintown road this side of Mr. Thomas McKie’s and cross-
I12 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

ing Fox Creek near its mouth, via New Richmond, near
Campbelltown, crossing Stevens’ Creek near its mouth and up
the river. This road was, no doubt, a military road, and can
still be traced.

Carter’s road passes near Currytown, via Boulware’s Store—
crosses the creek below the mill. This road is on the oldest
land grants.

Martintown road on plats of 1754-1757 is marked ‘‘path to
Augusta;’’ on later plats marked ‘‘road to Campbelltown;’’
and still later it is called ‘‘Martintown road’’ (1760).

Poverty Hill is said to have got its name from some soldiers
of the Revolutionary War, who called there for something to
eat, and failing to get anything, called it Poverty Hill.

New Richmond, probably named after Richmond, Va., was
settled by Le Roy Hammond, from Virginia. I have been
told that his land grant was given 1740. If this be so, it is
probably the oldest land grant of this section.

Bussey settled the Market place; George DeLaughter, near
your mill; Richard Pace, near Boulware’s Store; John Hill,
opposite Hardy Church; Enos Morgan, at W. H. Brigg’s; Car-
son, at or near George Thurmond. It is said there was a
Quaker settled in the forks of the creek, probably came from
Quaker Springs, Ga., during the Indian War of 1757. “Most
all the parties I have named came from Virginia, and it can be
said that this section of country was settled by parties from
Virginia before the Indian War of 1757.

I remain yours truly,
. J. P. DELAUGHTER.

As regards the building of the Anderson mill, Dr. McKie
writes me from Woodlawn, under date of May 14th, 1893:

Although I wrote you this morning about the Anderson
mill, I venture to do soagain, as I have since received a letter
from Dr. Shaw, of Curryton, who learns from one of the family
that it is most probable Mr. George Anderson built it at a
period not definitely fixed. This man came from the Long
Cane section to the Anderson place, and the record says his
eldest son was born in 1757. From this it would seem possible
that this mill antedates the Revolution,

Yours very truly,
Woodlawn. THOS. J. McKIE.
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 113

PARKSVILLE.

Mention must be made of the lovely little town of Parksville
on the Westside. This town which now, April, 1893, has
about two hundred and fifty inhabitants, is situated on the.
Port Royal and Western Carolina Railroad, thirty-two miles
above Augusta, and about the same distance from Greenwood.
It has two churches, one Methodist and the other Baptist, both
well attended during Sabbath services. At this time Rev.
G. W. Bussey is pastor of the Baptist Church and Rev. B. O.
Berry of the Methodist.

The Hon. W. J. Talbert has recently become a citizen. The
town has a large and flourishing school of over one hundred
scholars. The Principal is G. B. Toole, with the Misses Essie
Jones and Lizzie Toole as assistants.

The people of the town were determined to be strictly tem-
perate and sober, and by Act of Incorporation, the sale of in-
¢oxicating liquors is forbidden for ninety-nine years.

There are four stores, two conducted by Gilchrist, Harmon
& Co., and one by L. F. Dorn. These do a general mercan-
tile business. hen there is a drugstore kept by T. R.
Whatley.

This town is certainly favorably situated to grow to be a
place of considerable importance, as the Savannah River on
one side is about a mile distant, and Big Stevens’ Creek on the
other not quite so far. Let the town spread itself, so as to fill
up all the space between the two, which it can do very easily
in the course of a few years.

REHOBOTH, &C.

There are other schools also on the Westside, which it may
be well to mention in this connection. First, Rehoboth, which
is now, April, 1893, under the care of that able and experi-
enced teacher and veteran, Captain T. C. Morgan, This school:
is well attended and Captain Morgan is doing a good work.

Liberty Hill is taught by Professor Griffin; Whitetown is
under the care of Miss Annie Seigler, and Dornville is kept by
Professor Bussey. These schools are all admirably conducted.
East Gray has three white schools, presided over by Professors
Harting and Ouzts and Mrs. Faulkner.

On the Cambridge road, two miles below Kirksey’s, there is
114 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

a new church building, named Springfield, belonging to the
colored people, and which is, indeed, quite a credit to them.
The pastor is the Rev. William Peterson. The dimensions of
the house are 38 by 60 feet; and from floor to ceiling about 25
feet. The belfry is very pretty with its tall spire. The win-
dows are about eight feet in height with Gothic tops. The
whole cost of the building will be something over one thous-
and dollars, and speaks well for the enlightenment, enterprise
and religious zeal of the colored people of that section of the
country. It is a Baptist church.

SKIPPER’S GEORGIA AND THE DARK CORNER.

The following explanation of the origin of these names has
been given to me in answer to inquiries I made. According
to this tradition the name ‘‘Dark Corner’ has a different origin
from what I have heard. Which is the true one I cannot tell,
but I believe the latter, as this comes from men born and
reared and living in or near the region known as the Dark
Corner. I do hope and believe that the name ‘‘Skipper’s
Georgia’’ did not originate as the tradition says. ‘‘The Annals
of Newberry’’ shows no such name as Skipper, and I cannot
believe that so great a fool was ever a native born in New-
berry. Suppose we locate him in Laurens, somewhere above
the line.

Skipper’s Georgia, my informant says, is located below
Scott’s Ferry Road. Its name originated froma citizen of
Newberry named Skipper, who stole a couple of horses in New-
berry and was told that after he had crossed the second river
he would be in Georgia. After crossing Big Stevens’ Creek
he exclaimed ‘‘thank God! I am in Georgia at last.’’ A posse
of men from Newberry was not far behind him and while
grazing his stock between A. Sharpton’s and the creek in that
hilly country, the posse overtook him, some of whom he well
knew. He refused to be arrested or even to give up the horses,
saying he was in Georgia and not subject to Carolina laws;
but he was overpowered and taken back to Newberry. He has
not been heard from since, yet the hills below the Scott’s
Ferry road bear his name.

As to the ‘“‘Dark Corner,’’ the line commences just above
the road leading to Scott’s Ferry and extends up the river em-
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. TI.

bracing all that territory between Stevens’ Creek and the
Savannah River, as far up as Little River, which empties into
the Savannah in Abbeville County. Above said River is the~
Range, because, at my first recollection, it was a poor, barren.
country, inhabited mostly by wild beasts and very thinly
settled.

The Dark Corner was first settled by Tuckers, Totnpkins,
Jennings, Blackwells, Pickets and Searles, ‘“They organized
a beat company and Tucker kept a bar-room. Our court house
at that time was at Ninety-Six. There was a paper published
at that place, which was the only one in this congressional
district. Old Loudon Tucker was at Ninety-Six attending
court and by accident saw one of the newspapers and the con-
tents pleased him so much that he bought a dozen or more
copies to distribute among his neighbors, believing he would
be able to get them to subscribe to the paper—it was a weekly
paper. There were no mail routes in the country at that time
and Tucker’s idea was to get as many subscribers as _ possible
so that they might, by going by turns for the paper, lose as
little time as possible.

Not a single member of the beat company would take the
paper. After using-all the persuasion and argumentative
powers to no purpose he exclaimed, ‘‘how Jong shall we live
in this d—d dark age and day!’ Old man McKennie, well
known to you, said that the Dark Corner was good enough for
him, and would remain so if the people would only keep out
books, newspapers and foreigners.

Dark then, but not now—now the most intelligent part of
our county.

At Dorn’s Mill, on Stevens’ Creek, commences our Edge-
field Range, taking in Liberty Hill, Rehoboth,—in fact, all
that country between Stevens’ and Turkey Creek. Below
Turkey Creek is called Chota, after an Indian chief. Chota
extends as far down as Martin town. Jeptha Sharpton, a de-
scendant of Pocahontas, was born in Chota.

W. D. JENNINGS.

To Dr. TuHos. J. McKIE.
116 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

AN OLD MEMORANDUM BOOK.

Old books, old papers, old documents, and relics of the past,
of whatever kind, have always had great charms and attrac-
tions forme. Were I living in a country, or could I visit one
in which the past is still present in the form of old buildings,
or ruins of old buildings, and monuments to the dead, or
libraries in which old books and old manuscripts are stored
away for safe keeping, it seems to me that I could pass days,
months, or even years, in looking over these things and calling
into life the fading ghosts and memories of the past. But we
have no antiquities in South Carolina. It has been only a
little more than two hundred years since the first permanent
settlement was made by white people on the territory of what
is now South Carolina. Two hundred years! Why that was
only yesterday. My own life covers one third of that period,
and I have a clear and distinct recollection of many everts
that occurred sixty-five, or more, years ago. We have no
antiquities, but letters and memorandum books that have stood
the wear and tear of time for over a hundred years seem quite
old. One such memorandum book has recently come into my
hands—sent to me by a friend who had hopes that it would be
of interest to me. It has given me great pleasure to look
through and examine its contents. It was in use before the
day of the adoption of the Spanish currency, when our money
was still counted in pounds, shillings, and pence.

The book appears to have been used mostly as a book of re-
‘ceipts for money paid, though I find also a few entries of a
‘different character. The book belonged originally to a Mr.
James Read. Where he lived does not appear with certainty,
but there is a clew in one of the receipts to the place in which
he probably had his residence.

The oldest receipt is for 27 pounds, and bears date 18th
November, 1771; the latest bears date May 2nd, 1782, and is
for the sum of nine pounds, six shillings, and eight pence,
Sterling; paid by Richard Guinn to John Dawson, in full for
the balance of ninety bushels of corn and a barrel of rice.

The latest receipt for money paid by Mr. James Read bears
date 8th July, 1777, for the sum of fifty pounds currency,
being in part payment of his bond. _—[Signed. ] R. O.

Witness: Wm. MArTLeEy.
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 117

The book seems to have passed out of the ownership of Mr.
James Read; whether by death, or failure in business, I know
not. In one place I find the following, which I copy:

‘“‘Rece’d 16th March, 1775, five pounds, eighteen shillings,
and 3 pence currency in full for a ballance due Mrs. Middleton
for hoggs.

L5, 18, 3 (Signed. ] STEP: BULL.”

When I came across and read this receipt I thought and
wondered whether it could be possible that this Stephen Bull
was the same Stephen Bull who was brother to Wm. Bull, one
time Colonial Governor, and so remarkable for his ugliness.
It is related of him that on one occasion, while walking in the
street not far from his residence, he was met by a countryman,
who, it appears, had never seen him before. As soon as the
countryman met him and got a good sight of his face, he
stopped short in front of him and stared at him in open-
mouthed wonder. The Governor, being somewhat surprised,
stopped also and said to him: ‘‘Well, my friend, what can I do
for you?’ The countryman, still staring and stammering a
little, said: ‘‘Sir, where do you live? You are certainly the
ugliest man I have ever seen in my life.’ The Governor, be-
ing of a very affable and good easy temper, laughed and good
humoredly replied: ‘‘Wait, my friend, you just wait till you
see my brother Stephen.’’ Now, whether the Stephen Bull
whose name appears signed to this receipt is the same Stephen
Bull, brother to the Governor, I do not know.

There are three signed Nath]. Greene, but I do not suppose
that he was General Greene of the Revolution. Two signed
by Thomas Rutledge, one of which I copy: ‘‘Beaufort, April
8th, 1775, rec’d of Mr. James Reid fifteen pounds, 15, 7, cur-
rency, on account.

THO. RUTLEDGE.

 

 

 

Cash.... £410
Acc’t.... 5, 158, 74
415, 158, 74

I find two signed Wm. McKie. On one of the pages, writ-
ten in an elegant female hand, without date: ‘‘Wusen this you
see remember me though many miles you distant bee—
Catherine D. Hammond.’’
118 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

My mind raises the question whether Catherine was of the
Le Roy or Samuel Hammond family, but I get no reply.
Catherine, or some other good woman, wrote also the follow-
ing:

“I send the joys of earth away,
Away ye tempters of the mind;

False as the smooth, deceitful sea,
And empty as the whistling wind.’’

Again:
“I waited patient for the Lord,
He bow’d to hear my cry;

He saw me resting on His word,
And brought salvation nigh.’'

Again on another page:

‘Why doth the man of riches grow
In insolence and pride,

To see his wealth:and houors flow
With every rising tide?

‘‘Why doth he treat the poor with scorn
Made of the selfsame clay?

And boast as though his fl2sh were born
Of better dust than they?”’

The same hand writes on another page:

“Behold what wondrous grace
The Father has bestowed

On sinners of a mortal race
To call them sons of God!”’

Again:
“Come, let us join our cheerful songs
With angels 'round the throne—
Ten thousand thousand are their tongues,
But all their joys are one.”

And on the next page only the word ‘‘Catherine,”’ with a

flourish which I cannot copy.
The last verses written in this book are the following:

“I pass with melancholy state
By all these solemn heaps of fate;
And think—as soft and sad I tread
Above tke venerable dead,
Time was like me—they life possest
And time will be—when I shall rest.”’
Cc. D. H.
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. IIg

She was a good woman who wrote these verses in this old
memorandum book, and it is with a tender melancholy that I
read and copy them here. Ves, Catherine, long ago you found
rest.

I feel that I cannot part company with this old book without
making a few more extracts, as it is altogether probable that I
shall never see it again after returning it to the owner:

“‘Rece’d Dec. 24th, 1771, of James Read six pounds, five
shillings in part for bread. MARY LINTON.”

‘Received :7th June, 1772, of Mr. James Read, fifty shil-
lings currency in full for one month’s hire my negro boy,
named Joe. GEORGE BLAND.”

“‘Rece’d 1 July, 1772, of Mr. James Read two pound four
shilling & 3d in full for Beef & all demands to this day.

42, 4, 3 ISAAC XARMENTOR.”

‘Received 14th Jan., 1777, of Mr. James Read the sum of
fourteen pound five shillings currency, being in full for House
Rent and all demands to this day.

LA, 5 WILLIAM DEVEANE.”

Mr. James Read must have kept a hotel or house of public
entertainment. The book passed out of his hands into others,
and was used towards the close of its business career for enter-
ing of washing accounts.

‘‘Wednesday, 8th April, Mr. Fowler came from Charleston.
Sunday night, r2th’’ (year not given), ‘‘Mr. Smerdon came
here. Saturday, 18th, begun to wash for Mr. Fowler;’’ then
followed a long list of articles washed for Mr. Fowler, shirts,
neck handkerchiefs, pocket ditto, stockings, waistcoats,
breeches, &c. Then follows a similar list, but not so long, of
articles washed for Mr. Smerdon.

And thus we find that all through life the practical and the
poetic, the common-place and the ideal, go together, move
together, stand together, side by side always. But, indeed,
there is nothing common-place. Catherine, the refined and
educated, the noble Christian woman, was a true sister to that
one who did washing for Mr. Fowler and Mr. Smerdon. That
woman, whose name is not given, who washed and did laundry
work for Mr. Fowler and Mr. Smerdon, if she was a Christian,
was also a daughter of the King. They both have found rest;
whether together, whether they know each other, whether
120 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD,

they have ever met, makes no difference. They know those
whom they ought to know, and they have all things and such
surroundings as is best for them.

“This book of receipts,’’ writes Dr. Thos. J. McKie, under
date of September 2th, 1893, ‘‘came into my hands with a
lot of old books purchased at the sale of Mrs. Stephen Garrett,
a very old widow woman, who lived on Horn’s Creek near its
mouth, where she owned a mill and plantation adjoining.
This was more than 4o years ago.”’
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 121

XIV.

FRUIT HILL AND VICINITY.

For the facts in the following sketch of Fruit Hill I am
indebted to Major Scott Allen:

Fruit Hill is situated 12 miles north of Edgefield Court
House, and immediately on the direct road from Edgefield
Court House to Newberry Court House. ‘The country around
Fruit Hill is level, but the drainage is good, from the fact that
it is immediately on the ridge between the Savannah and the
Saluda Rivers; in fact, in time of rain the water that falls on
many houses, that on,the.East. side runs to the Saluda and
that on the West side to the Savannah.

The lands are naturally very productive, and lying so level
they are susceptible of a very high state of cultivation. The
best lands, when well cultivated, will readily yield one bale of
cotton per acre, and will produce 25 to 4o bushels of corn per
acre, and of oats 4o bushels. Pet patches in this immediate
vicinity have produced as high as 4 bales of cotton, 80 bushels
of corn, and 109 bushels of oats to the acre. But of course
such yields require the most perfect preparation and cultivation
and also excessive fertilization; but such are the facts.

The country around Fruit Hill was originally settled by the
Allens, Goodwins, Richardsons, Culpeppers, Bakers, Hollings-
worths, Harrises, Huskeys, Landrums, Nortons, and Hemslys.

The particular place and homestead known as Fruit Hill
was settled by a man named Young Allen, from North Caro-
lina. He married a Miss Richardson. He was no relation of
the present owner of Fruit Hill. A daughter of Young Allen
married Benjamin Frazier, and inherited the Fruit Hill place
from Young Allen. Benjamin Frazier sold Fruit Hill to
Major Join C. Adlen, and the place has remained in-the-pos-
session of his immediate family to the present date, November,
1893.

Major John C. Allen was a son of Ossamus W. Allen, of
Barnwell District. Major Allen married Hannah Coates, who
brought him 12 children, namely, Ossamus W. Allen, Zulime
G. Allen, Elizabeth E. Allen, Mary A., Joseph Duncan, John
I22 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

R., James H., Sarah H., Fabian P., Margaret S., Walter
Scott, and Washington D. Allen. Major John C. Allen and
his sons Joseph D., John R., and Fabian P., all died with
typhoid fever in 1854.

Major John C. Allen was elected Major during the exciting
days of Nullification. He represented the District of Edgefield
in the Legislature in 1852 and 1853, and was a member at the
time of his death. He always took an active part in all public
matters from earliest manhood, and died in the full confidence
and esteen of his fellow-citizens. His widow lived many years
after his death. She died at the old homestead, Fruit Hill, in
1883, surrounded by her eight living children and many sor-
rowing friends. Truly it could be said of her that ‘‘none
knew hex but to love her, none named her but to praise.’’

The oldest son, who was also the oldest child, Dr. Ossamus
W. Allen, graduated at the South Carolina College and after-
wards at the State Medical College in Charleston, S. C., and
enjoyed a large and lucrative practice till his death. He
married Ellen Nicholson, of Edgefield District, and by said
marriage had four children. He entered the Confederate Army
in August, 1861, as first lieutenant, in which position he served
until prostrated with typhoid fever, in the winter of 1862,
when he resigned and returned home. He was wounded twice
in battle in Virginia—in the battle at “Gaines’ Mill—second
battle of Manassas—and at Sharpsburg, in Maryland. Two of
his children are living (November, 1893), Mrs. Kate Kinnaird
and Joseph D. Allen, serving his fourth term as Judge of Pro-
bate of Edgefield County.

Zulime G. Allen married William S. Smiley and is the
mother of eight Smiley children, five now living. Her husband,
W.S. Smiley, died in 1855, and she afterwards married Wm.
L. Stevens, and is the mother of two Stevens children, both
living.

Elizabeth E. Allen married Colonel John W. Tompkins.
Colonel Tompkins served with distinction in the war between the
States and died in 1887. His widow and six children survive.

Mary A. Allen married Benjamin F. Mays, who died in
1885 and left his widow and five children surviving. Benjamin
F. Mays was a good man. He made a good soldier during the
war. Was treasurer of the county in 1876—the first under the
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 123

Hampton Administration. He was also a leading member of
the Horne’s Creek Baptist Church and died in the full fellow-
ship of his church and the confidence and esteein of the entire
country.

James H. Allen married Martha Kinnaird, and they had
seven children, five still living. The wife and mother died in
1885. James H. Allen entered the Confederate service as third
lieutenant in 1861; was promoted to the captaincy on the field
of battle at Gettysburg, Penn., for his distinguished bravery
on the field. He served as captain until disabled by a gunshot
wound at Riddle’s Shop in Virginia in 1864. Since that date
he is incapacitated for manual labor. He lives on his farm
three miles west of Fruit Hill and enjoys the confidence of all
who know him.

Sarah H. Allen married William E. Hobbs. He died from
gunshot wounds received in battle at Resaca, Georgia, in 1864.
Mrs. Hobbs afterwards married Arthur H. Collett. She is still
living and has five children living, two by the first marriage
and three by the last.

Margaret S. Allen married Benjamin Franklin Payne in
1862. Hedied in 1868, leaving three children. His widow
afterward married Benjamin Jackson Stevens and by said mar-
riage she had one daughter. She is now a widow and has four
children living. (November, 1893). Her son, Joseph W.
Payne, is a model young man, the support and mainstay of
his widowed mother and three sisters, who are all devotedly
attached to him, and he is also highly esteemed by all who
have the happiness to be acquainted with him.

Washington D. Allen married Ella G. Mays, and has ive
children living. He entered the Confederate service as a
private in Company B, Sixth South Carolina Cavalry, and
served through the entire war and surrendered with John-
ston’s army in North Carolina in 1865. He wascomplimented
on several occasions by the general commanding the brigade,
and especially by his immediate commanding officers, for his
untiring energy and determination, and his universal good
humor and his willingness to discharge every duty imposed
upon him. He has since the war filled positions of public
trust with ability, and now lives on his farm one mile south-
west from Fruit Hill.
124 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

W. Scott Allen, the present owner of Fruit Hill, was edu-
cated at the old field schools within five miles of Fruit Hill.
He had prepared himself to enter the South Carolina College,
when the war between the States came on. He gave up his
books, donned the soldier’s uniform, and entered the Confeder-
ate service as private in Company K, Fourteenth South Caro-
lina Volunteers. He was severely wounded in the battle of
Gaines’ Mill, Va., in the right arm near the shoulder and
slightly in the head. He was slightly wounded in the breast
at Chancellorsville, but did not leave the field. He had his
clothes completely riddled at Gettysburg, but did not get the
skin scratched in the first day’s fighting. On the third day at
Gettysburg his gun-stock was shot entirely off at the small of
the stock, but the shock did not even knock the gun out of his
hand. He was highly complimented on both of these days by
Colonel Abner Perrin, commanding the brigade. His com-
pany, K, commanded by Captain James H. Allen, his brother,
went into the fight on the first day at Gettysburg with 39
men, rank and file, and 34 fell, killed and wounded, at the first
fire from the enemy, and that, too, when the company had not
fired a gun, for the orders were to take the work at the point
of the bayonet, and they were taken as ordered, but at a fear-
ful cost. In that charge company K lost some as gallant men
as ever shouldered arms in any cause.

When General Lee decided to. recross the river into Vir-
ginia after the battle of Sharpsburg, there was a call for vol-
unteers for the ‘‘forlorn hope;’’ in other words for men to
cover the retreat across the river. In the call it was distinctly
stated that all who volunteered would most certainly be killed
or captured, as they were expected to halt the line until the
signal to move was given from the Virginia side of the river.
Notwithstanding the great danger of death in the ‘‘forlorn
hope,’’ Scott Allen was one of the first to volunteer, and con-
trary to the general expectation, the entire company of volun-
teers, after doing some gallant fighting, successfully crossed
the river and rejoined the command.

He was severely wounded through the face at Spottsylva-
nia Court House, Va., in 1864, and in special orders by Colonel
J. N. Brown of the Fourteenth Regiment, South Carolina
Volunteers, was complimented for his distinguished conduct
HISTORY OF- EDGEFIELD. 125

and bravery on the occasion, and was recommended to the
Secretary of War for a commission. The Secretary of War
appointed him a Second Lieutenant in the Confederate States
Army, and the same day he was promoted Captain of Company
K, Fourteenth Regiment, South Carolina Volunteers. After
sufficiently recovering from his wound, he returned to Virginia,
and took command of his company and commanded the same
during all the trying scenes around Petersburg, Va. And at
the surrender at Appomattox Court House, he commanded not
only his own company, but also six other companies of the
Tegiment, in all 35 men.

After the surrender he returned home and took charge of
his mother’s farm at Fruit Hill. In the spring of 1866 he
married Frances E. Adams. By this marriage they have had
eleven children, six of whom are living now (1893). He has
aided greatly, and succeeded beyond his expectations, in
building a fine school at Fruit Hill. His two daughters com-
pleted their education at the Greenville Female College. One
son is at the Medical College in Augusta, Ga., and three boys
are attending the Fruit Hill High School, of which Rev.
William H. Simpson is Principal.

He was elected to the Legislature in 1876, and served two
terms. Aided in the organization of the Democratic party in
that year, and in the overthrow of the Republican party. He
organized a rifle company, and all through that period of
trouble had it ready for service and forany emergency that might
arise. There is little doubt that his company was very useful
in suppressing difficulties and preventing bloodshed. He is
still living and enjoying the comforts of a happy home at
Fruit Hill. There are four churches within five miles of his
home—two Baptist and two Methodist.

Rocky Creek Church, the nearest, is Baptist, and was organ-
ized in 1831. Rev. Joseph Norris, pastor; John Cogburn,
Esq., clerk. The pulpit has been filled from time to time by
Revs. Norris, Watkins, Peterson, Norris, Bartley, Coover,
McMillan, Carson, Bradford, and the present supply, Rev.
William H. Simpsot.. The present membership is about one
hundred. Great good has been done by this church, and
under the present pastor the good influence promises to
continue.
126 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

The other churches, Little Steven’s Creek, Baptist; and
Bethlehem and Gazzaway, Methodist, are also in a thriving
condition, and are doing much good for the whole country.
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 127

XY.
CAPT. JAMES RYAN.

Captain James Ryan was a native of Virginia, but at an
early age removed to South Carolina. He was one of the first
settlers of Edgefield District—a pioneer in the wilderness—
and was soon called into service as a soldier against the Chero-
kees. In the war of 1768 against that nation, he was appointed
a Lieutenant in one of the companies and distinguished him-
self. He always volunteered in the most dangerous enterprises
aud was frequently engaged in hand to hand conflicts with the
Indians. He was under Williamson, fighting against the
Cherokees, when the Declaration of Independence was made
in Charleston, August, 1776.

He took his stand upon the principles of that declaration,
and never changed. He served as Captain under’ Le Roy
Hammond, (Colonel) and was engaged in many bloody skir-
mishes of which there is no record. When the State was
overrun in 1780, after the fall of Charleston, and was consid-
ered a conquered province, he, with many other true patriots,
asked for his parole and took what is known as British pro-
tection. But when the British afterwards pronounced him a
British subject, as a consequence of this act, and called upon
him to bear arms against his countrymen, he refused, was
arrested, and thrown into prison at Ninety-Six. From this
place he was'sent in irons with Captain James Butler, James
Caldwell, Daniel Duff, and some others, to the provost prison
in Charleston, where he was confined in the same cells with all
sorts and descriptions of evil doers—British culprits. The
prison was crowded—the weather hot—the temper of the
parties not very amiable, and they soon began to quarrel and
fight. Captain Ryan afterwards related that the Americans
were beating their opponents soundly when assistance was
sent to them from without. Ryan and his Whig companions
were then placed on board a prison ship, which has always
been regarded as a brief epitome, or condensed edition of hell.
From this ship some were delivered by death, some were
exchanged, and some few escaped. Captain Ryan was one of
128 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

these, but for some time he was not able to get out of the city.
At length one day he quarrelled with some soldiers in the
street. After the soldiers left him and passed on, a lady who
had been listening called Captain Ryan to her door. She,
being a good Whig and wishing to assist him to escape, ad-
vised him to go to a sentinel on the lines and pretend that he
was a rebel deserter—had been badly treated, and wished to
enlist under some British officer whom he knew at Monck’s
Corner—an officer of reputation. Ryan at once assumed the
character, and after a few visits to the sentinel he let him pass.
Ryan did not go to Monck’s Corner, nor did he return to
Charleston, but made the best of his way to the home of
Colonel Thomas Taylor, an old friend and schoolmate. Before
he reached Granby at the Congaree he was joined by three
others, brothers in misfortune. ‘There was neither flat sor
canoe in which they could cross, and two of the party could
not swim. They made a raft, and placing upon it the two who
could not swin, Ryan and the other swam and towed them
over. Colonel Taylor, who had just returned from a scouting
expedition, received Ryan with great kindness and loaned him
a horse to help him on his way home. On the way, near the
Edisto, he unexpectedly met three men whom he believed to
be Tories. These men stopped him and asked him who he
was. He gave the name of Rambo, a well-known Tory in the
neighborhood; but Holley, one of the party, doubted the truth
of what he said. They searched and found his commission.
Holley immediately seized his gun to shoot him, but Ryan,
with entire self-possession, asked him to wait a moment; and
then appealed to his feelings as a Christian and a man against
such doings. Holley yielded, but took him to a Tory camp
not far off where he said he knew he would be put to death.
The Captain of the party, who was an old man, would not
permit them to kill him; but when Ryan left the camp, Holley
and a few others followed him until out of sight of those at the
camp, stripped off his coat, hat, and boots, took his horse and
dismissed him barefooted. He got home, however, collected ,
some of his company, and returned to the Tory camp to look
for his horse and clothes.

The Tories were absent, but an old woman, the Captain’s
wife, was there in great distress, who begged Ryan not to
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 129

injure her, but to give her some food. He immediately had ve
beef killed, cut up, and salted away for her to live upon.
Soon after leaving the old woman, he fell in with the Tory
party and captured Holley and a few others. Holley was put
to death, but I believe no other.

While part of Lord Rawdon's army was’ on the retreat from
Ninety-Six through the fork. of Edisto, Captain Ryan, with
his company of fifty ragged militia, resolved to attack the rear
guard and capture their baggage. He sent all, except three
or four, to make the attack. These three or four sotunded
their bugles and beat two or three drums, as though a much
larger party were advancing to battle. The ruse succeeded.
After a sharp skirmish the wagons were captured, with a good
supply of arms, ammunition, and clothing. Every man was
able to take something of a prize home to his family. The
captured wagons were immediately burned and the Whigs
dispersed. Unfortunately for their complete success, some of
them overloaded themselves with plunder and with rum, espe-
cially rum, were overtaken, and captured. Ryan’s men, who
had gone from home almost destitute, returned to their
families well armed, well clothed, well mounted, and in high
spirits.

In the fall of 1782, while advancing upon a party of Tories
in camp with great ardor, as he always did, he received a ball
in his shoulder which he carried to his grave. Unable to
proceed himself, he ordered his First Lieutenant, Wm. Butler,
to lead on and continue the pursuit. This skirmish took place
near Orangeburg, and was Captain Ryan’s last battle, as his
wound was too painful and dangerous for him to keep the field. -
He was carried home and took no more active part in the war,
but he continued to issue orders and to plan operations against
the Tories.

At the close of the war, he retired to his plantation on Horse
Creek, where he remained, cultivating the soil, seeking no
office, loved and respected by all who knew him. He was a
man who never refused to face an enemy and never turned his:
back on a friend. He left a large and valuable estate, which
was distributed among his relations and kinsfolk, as he had no
children of his own.
130 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

LE ROY HAMMOND.

Le Roy and Samuel Hammond, two of the most active and
energetic Whigs during the Revolution in Edgefield District,
were both born in Richmond County, Virginia. Le Roy, a
sketch of whom we will give first, was the son of John Ham-
mond, who had married Miss Dobbins. The year of his birth
is not given, nor is any mention made of his early life, educa-
tion, and training. He marrieda Miss Tyler, and left Virginia
about the year 1765, with his wife and one child. He began
business as a merchant in Augusta, which was a town at the
time about thirty years old, and a good place of business. Mr.
Hammond remained in Augusta two or three years, when he
removed over to South Carolina, to a place called Richmond,
where he continued business as a merchant, and also kept a
public ferry across the Savannah River. From this place he
removed his residence to Snow Hill in Edgefield District,
where he engaged in the tobacco trade and did much to pro-
mote and improve the culture of that noxious weed in South
Carolina. At his warehouse at Cameltown, a short distance
below his residence, the first year he only received twenty
hogsheads of tobacco; the second year he received over one
thousand. His business here was large and profitable.

Before the war he was a justice of the peace and captain of a
militia company; and being a good surveyor, and a man of
sound, practical sense and judgment, he had great influence.
He was one of the first in Edgefield and, perhaps, in the State,
to lay an embargo upon tea, by excluding it from use in his
family on account of the arbitrary acts of the British Parlia-
ment. Tea had long been their favorite beverage.

The visit of Messrs, Drayton and Tennant to the up-country
produced a profound sensation and tended to separate the
people into twofparties by causing them to declare themselves
for or against the measures of the Revolutionary party.
Browne, the Tory leader, became more. openly hostile, and
Drayton came from the Dutch Fork to see Hammond, and
appealed to him for support, as his opinions were already well
known. ‘Tennant was then at Ninety-Six. To that place
Hammond proceeded with Drayton to use his influence, which
was great, in inducing the wavering and vacillating'to sign the
pledge of association.
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 1310

Neighbor began to reproach neighbor, and the loyalists soon
assumed a hostile attitude under the Cunninghams. They col-
lected their forces at Ninety-Six, and Colonel Andrew Wil-
liamson, with about six hundred men, went to oppose them.
Hammond was an officer under Williamson. In a few days a
truce was made between the parties for twenty days, and the
men disbanded and went home. In Williamson’s expedition
against the Cherokees in 1776, Le Roy Hammond played a
very distinguished part. In fact, the success of the expedi-
tion was greatly due to him. When Williamson’s army was
ambuscaded and the prospect looked very gloomy—when
Williamson’s horse was killed under him—when Hammond’s
friend, Mr. Francis Salvador, of whom I shall have more to
say after awhile, was killed and scalped by his side—when
everything around was in the utmost confusion and victory
seemed doubtful, it was then that Le Roy Hammond, with
only twenty men of his own company, charged upon the
Indians concealed in the thicket—charged with fixed bayonet—
and when they broke from their cover and fled, he poured
upon them such a deadly fire that they could not rally. Thus
by the gallant conduct of Hammond the army was saved. And
again, soon afterwards it was determined to cross the Seneca
River and invade the Indian Nation. The officer who was
ordered to lead the advance hesitated and evaded the duty.
The men themselves shrank from the advance. Hammond
volunteered to lead, and the movement was executed with
gallantry and success. Hammond received promotion.

So complete was the defeat of the Cherokees that they were
never afterwards troublesome. Many of them went down to
Florida and became pensioners of the British, as their crops
and all means of subsistence were almost entirely destroyed in
this campaign.

In June, 1778, Colonel Hammond, with J. L. Gervais and
George Galphin, was appointed by the Governor and Council,
Commissioners to conciliate the Indian Nations. And in
December, 1778, he was sent with George Galphin and Daniel
McMurphy, by the Continental Congress, as Commissioners to
the Upper and Lower Creeks, met them, had a friendly talk,
and made peaceful arrangements with the young Tallassee
King and other great men amongst the Creeks. These
132 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

arrangements and treaties were preserved by Henry Laurens,
President of the Continental Congress.

In 1779, Colonel Hammond was with his regiment and
fought at the battle of Stono. In 1780, he co-operated with
Clarke, and other Whigs, against the Tories and Indians in
Georgia. In 1781, he was very active during the siege of
Augusta; he with the infantry and Samuel Hammond with the
cavalry. During this siege the war waged was one of the
greatest barbarity. The Tory, Browne, who commanded at
Augusta, with his Indian allies, put to death the prisoners
taken with savage ferocity. And the Whig militia, it is
altogether probable, were sometimes not much better. Captain
William Martin, of the artillery, the oldest of seven brave
brothers, was killed here. More will be said about these
‘Martin brothers after awhile. Pickens, Clarke, Harden, and
‘the two Hammonds pushed the siege with great vigor. After
‘the capture of Granby, Lee joined them with his legion, and
‘Browne soon afterwards surrendered. Pickens, Le Roy and
‘Samuel Hammond then proceeded to Ninety Six to assist
‘General Greene. When the siege of Ninety-Six was raised,
“the Hammonds were sent westwardly and northwestwardly to
“protect Greene on his retreat, by preventing annoyance from
the Tories. From the mountains they were instructed to
proceed eastwardly to the Congaree. Proceeding eastwardly
they fell in with the rear of the British army under Colonel
Cruger retreating from Ninety-six to Orangeburg, and captured
some baggage and made several prisoners. Here Le Roy
returned home; but he had scarcely reached his home when he
was called out to aid General Greene in the battle of Eutaw.
‘Near Granby he was met by a messenger from General Rut-
ledge, at Camden, who required his presence there immedi-
ately. While he was at Camden the battle of Eutaw was
fought, in which Colonel Samuel Hammond distinguished
himself. From this period until the close of the war, he was
engaged in scouting, but met no more British troops in regular
battle array.

After the war he resumed business as a merchant in partner-
ship with John Lewis Gervais, of Charleston, S.C. He was a
member of the Legislature for many years, sometimes as Rep-
resentative and sometimes as Senator. Of his character as a
HISTORY OF KDGEFIELD. 133

soldier, as a legislator, as a citizen, as a neighber, as a man,
too much cannot be said in his praise. He wasan Episcopalian
in religion by education and practice. He died at his home in
Edgefield, leaving only one descendant, a namesake, Le Roy
Hammond. He also left but one son, Andrew Hammond.
Some descendants of Colonel Le Roy Hammond are now
living in Edgefield County. I hope they are as honorable, as
brave, as true to the dictates of honor as ever their illustrious
ancestor was.

SAMUEL HAMMOND.

There is not a name in Edgefield, nor in the state, that
deserves to be remembered with more admiration and love for
his heroic devotion to the cause of Independence than that of
Samuel Hammond. He was born on the 21st of September,
1757, in Richmond County, Farnham’s Parish, Virginia. He
began his career of public service at an early age. In an
expedition ordered out by Governor Dunmore against the
Western Indians, he was a volunteer, and was in the desperate
battle at the mouth of the Great Kenhawa River, fought by
General Andrew Lewis, October roth, 1774. When the
troubles with the mother country began, he took the side of
Independence—was made captain of a company of volunteers
and was engaged ina battle at Great Bridge, near Norfolk,
under Colonel Woodford, December, 1775. He also served in
Pennsylvania and New Jersey, with the Virginia troops, under
Colonel Mathews, General Maxwell and others. In 1778 he
volunteered as aid to General Hand and with him went to
Pittsburg. In January, 1779, he removed with his father’s
family to Edgefield District, and at once joined the army under
General Lincoln, under orders of General McIntosh, who had
superceded General Hand in Pennsylvania. The Virginia
troops were about to return home as their eighteen months’
term had expired; but Hammond remained with General Lin-
coln, as captain, that having been his rank in Virginia as
General Hand’s aid. On the second of February he was
ordered by General Williamson to raise a company of mounted
volunteers to be attached to Le Roy Hammond's regiment.
He did so, and on the 3d of March, 1779, he was commissioned
by Governor Rutledge captain of company, and continued in

e
134 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

that service until the surrender of Lincoln in May, 1780, was
known in the upper country. Before the fall of Charleston,
during Prevost’s invasion, he had fought at the battle of Stono,
under Colonels Henderson and Malmedy. At the seige of Sa-
vannah, these officers with their men made a gallant attack
upon the left of the British lines. After the seige of Savan-
nah he continued under General Williamson until the surrender
of General Lincoln at Charlestown, when Williamson with a
great many other Whigs, accepted British protection as paroled
prisoners; but Samuel Hammond did not.

General Williamson was at Augusta with a few South Caro-
lina militia when Charlestown was surrendered. Governor
Howley, of Georgia, Colonel Clary, of Georgia, Colonel Dooly
and several other officers, continental and militia, held a con-
ference which Williamson attended. The convention entered
into and agreed upon by the British and the American com-
mander at Charlestown, was presented by Williamson and was
read by one of the governor’s secretaries. Various plans were
discussed, but nothing definite was agreed upon. Governor
Howley determined to retreat northward with such State
papers as he could carry away, and Williamson determined to
discharge the few South Carolina militia then at Augusta, and
return to Whitehall, near Ninety-Six. Colonels Dooly and
Clarke promised Williamson to co-operate with him in any
plan that might be adopted by the council at Whitehall for the
defence of the lower part of the two States; or to retire with
him to the Nort, if that should be the determination. These
officers then retired to Wilkes County, Ga., and Williamson
to Whitehall. Many of his officers were there assembled, and
Samuel Hammond had high hopes, before the council met,
that they would determine to move, without loss of time,
northward, with all the forces they had assembled; to keep
together; to increase their numbers; and to be ready, at all
times, for offensive or defensive operations, until assistance
could come from the main army.

General Williamson had, then and there, three companies
of regular infantry, raised by the State and enlisted for three
years or the war. The officers were good; the troops well
trained. Besides these there were present one hundred and
fifty or two hundred unorganized men. Colonel Ancrew Pick-
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 135

ens, with his foree—number not given—was halted about three
miles below Ninety-Six. This was the situation when the
council met. General Williamson read the capitulation of
Charlestown; made some comments; advised keeping together
and retreating; but said that he would be governed by the de-
termination a majority of the council should adopt. Samuel
Hammond says that he was struck dumb on finding that not
more than one officer of the staff, one field officer, and four or
five captains were opposed to an immediate acceptance of the
terms stipulated for the militia of the State by the Convention
at Charlestown. It was now proposed and carried, to send a flag
at once to Colonel Parris to notify him of their conclusion, and
to settle the time, place, and manner of surrender. Still Wil-
liamson persevered and again addressed the council and
expressed a wish for a different conclusion; and proposed to
tide, with any number of the officers present, to Colonel
Pickens’ camp—a few miles distant—stating that he wished to
consult with him and to address the men of his command.
This was agreed to. Williamson talked with Pickens. The
troops were then drawn up in square, all mounted. William-
son then addressed them in spirited terms, stating that with
his men alone he could drive all the British then in the District
without difficulty. He then caused the capitulation of Charles-
town to be read. He again addressed them, and told them that
they could safely retreat, and that he was sure they could soon
return with force sufficient to keep the enemy confined to
Charlestown. He told them what they had already done, and
what he hoped they would do; but he left it to themselves to
say what they would do. He concluded by putting the ques-
tion to vote, and said: ‘My fellow citizens, all of you who are
for going with me ona retreat with arms in our hands, will
hold up your hands; and all who are for staying and accepting
the terms made for you by General Lincoln will stand as you
are.’ ‘T'wo officers, Captain McCall and Captain McLidle, and
three or four privates, held up their hands; all others stood as
they were. He then put the question again with the same
result.

Samuel Hammond, who was present at this conference, rode
back with Williamson and his staff to Whitehall. That eve-
ning, in company with Bennett Crofton, adjutant of one of the
136 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

regiments, he left Whitehall, determined to make their retreat
.and.not acquiesce in the decision just arrived at.

At this point Williamson disappears from history, and
nothing, or little more is said of him, until he is captured by
Colonel Hayne near Charlestown. The place of his retirement,
after he left Whitehall, was never spoken of. ‘The time and
place of his death are unknown. He died an obscure, heart-
broken, poor man. He was not a traitor. Let that word cease

to be applied to his name. He never bore arms against his

country. He never received a British commission. He never
received any British gold. He lived the balance of his days
in obscurity and died poor. He was not a great man. He was
not a heroic character, but a weak one. It was very unfor-
tunate, both for himself and the country, that he had the chief
command in the up-country at that time. That place should
have been held by Le Roy Hammond, his brother-in-law,
(they married sisters, the Misses Tyler, of Virginia,) who was
of a more heroic mould. His success in the Cherokee war
was due mainly to the courage and skill of Le Roy Hammond.
And it is worthy of note that Colonel Hammond does not
blame him for the course he took. Samuel Hammond was
better fitted by nature for the chief command at Ninety-Six at
that time than either Le Roy Hammond or Williamson; but
he was too young.

Samuel Hammond and Bennett Crofton raised a company of
seventy-six men, determined to seek assistance, or to die fight-
ing as they were. Over half these men withdrew from Ham-
mond in a short time and hid out; but they were afterwards
captured by the British and sent to prison where many of them
died. Hammond and thirty-two escaped to North Carolina.
Concealing themselves all day and traveling all night, they
passed Saluda and Bush River, and were kinkly supplied by
T. Harvey and Charles Moore, but still they could hear of no
party of Whigs whom they could join. Near the foot of the
mountains they came to the home of Calvin Jones, a good
Whig. He was absent and Mrs. Jones was in great trouble,
as she had ben ill-treated that day and her house plundered by
a party of Tories who were on their way to the British army.
They had taken the clothing of her children, her side-saddle,

.and wantonly destroyed what they could not carry away. Mrs.
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 137

Jones told Hammond that they were seventy or eighty in num-
ber. Hammond's little band, thirty-five in all, determined to
follow and chastise them. Mrs. Jones sent her little boy, a
lad twelve or fourteen years of age, to guide and aid them in
the pursuit. He very gladly joined them. They followed the
Tory trail and overtook them next morning when they were at
breakfast. Hammond and his men immediately charged, and
they were in the midst of the Tory camp before they were
aware of their approach. All the enemies’ arms were taken,
—four were killed and eleven made prisoners—these were re-
leased on parole. Mrs. Jones’ valuables were all restored to
her and she gladly supplied the Whigs with all refreshments
in her power. They went on their way rejoicing, with a
number of captured horses and a fine supply of ammunition
and provisions.

A day or two after this, while broiling their bacon and eating
parched corn for bread, they heard the sound of horses’ feet in
a brisk march coming towards them. ‘They had come within
reach of the guns before they were discovered. On being
hailed they answered, ‘‘Friends of America.’’ ‘‘So are we,
but let us know you. Men, stand to your arms.’’ So they
stood, both parties with their guns pointed at each other.
Captain Edward Hampton, from the other party, advanced
with a flag. He was well known and received a cordial wel-
come from all of Hammond’s men. Both parties, actuated by
the same motives, and moving in the same direction, were now
happily united. Moving on together they soon came upon the
trail of a party as numerous as their own, whom they sup-
posed to be enemies. They determined to attack them. Has-
tening on they soon discovered a horse standing in the trail, a
man lying on the ground fast asleep, but holding to the bridle.
They surrounded him and hailed him, when he sprang up and
boldly replied, ‘‘Friend to America, if I die for it!’ His name
was Harris, and he said he belonged to Colonel G. Clarke’s
command, which was not far ahead. He said he was obliged
to sleep, but was going on as soon as he tooka nap. They
joined Clarke the same evening and they now numbered over
two hundred men. They moved on into North Carolina. Then
they learned of other parties, who had left South Carolina
moved by the same impulse as themselues: Sumter’s, Wil-
138 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

liams’ and Brandon’s. They sent expresses to all these to let
them know of their arrival and intentions. They were here
joined by Captains McCall and Liddle of Colonel Pickens’ Regi-
ment with a small detachment. Pickens, himself, had laid down
his arms, but he soon afterwards resumed them, when called
upon by the British to bear arms against his countrymen.

Samuel Hammond was in active service from the beginning
of the trouble until the evacuation of Charleston in December,
1782. His rank was that of Major. He was in the battle of
Musgrove’s Mills, from which place, having heard of the
defeat of both Generals Gates and Sumter, he moved rapidly to
Charlotte, N. C. At Charlotte the prisoners taken from the
British were delivered to him and conducted to Hillsboro. At
Hillsboro he collected all the stragglers and refugees from Le
Roy Hammond’s Regiment, and others who might come into
service. At Salisbury he formed a company and advertised
for recruits; and collected a number, who formed part of Wil-
liams’ command at King’s Mountain, in which battle some
were killed and some severely wounded. After the battle of
King’s Mountain he was joined by some from Ninety-Six, and
with all the men under his command he marched into North
Carolina, where he acted a short while under Colonel Davis.
He was at the battle of Blackstocks with Sumter—he had a
fight at Long Cane, near Ninety-Six. Inthe battle of Cowpens,
on the 17th of June, 1781, he commanded, as Major, the left
of the front line. From this time till the battle of Eutaw, he
was actively engaged asa partisan. At the battle of Eutaw,
on the 8th of September, he had the good fortune to distinguish
himself.

After the war he settled in Savannah; and in Georgia he
was honored with several important posts. He was Colonel in
the war against the Creeks on the border; member of the Leg-
islature; elected to United States Congress in 1802. In 1805,
he was appointed by President Jefferson Military and Civil
Governor of Upper Louisiana (Missouri), where he remained
until 1824. In 1824, he returned to South Carolina, where he
received a warm welcome; and in 1827, was elected Surveyor-
General; and in 1831, Secretary of State. In 1835, being then
old and infirm, he retired to his Varello farm, near Hamburg,
S. C., at which place he continued to reside until his death.
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 139

He died on the rrth of September, 1842, in the 87th year of
his age. He died on Sunday.

On Monday, the 12th, the military of Hamburg were joined
by those of Augusta, comprising the Clinck Riflemen and the
Augusta Artillery Guard, all under the command of Samuel
C. Wilson; together with the Masonic Lodges of Hamburg
and Augusta, and the citizens of both places, formed a proces-
sion at the corner of Covington and Market streets, Joseph
E. Gladding acting as marshal. Minute guns were fired from
the site of his old fort on Shultz’s Hill by the artillery, while
the procession followed the body of the deceased Veteran,
with the solemn sounds of the muffled drums. When they
arrived at the family burial ground, above Campbellton, the
remains were lowered into the vault with Masonic honors, and
a volley fired over it by the escorting infantry.

“Tt is remarkable,’’ says his biographer, ‘‘that although so
much of his early life was familiarized with battles and blood-
shed, he preserved his natural gentleness and suavity of man-
ner to the last—enlivening every circle where he went with
his cheerful sallies of good humor.’”’ Dr. A. S. Hammond is
authority for the foregoing facts in the life of his father.

In this sketch of Samuel Hammond I have left out many
things that would have given me great pleasure to insert; but
I fear that this history will grow to too great a size before I
complete it. It is very pleasant to write of such men as
Samuel Hammond, and of many others of Edgefield, who have
lived noble lives and played honorable parts upon the stage of
being. ‘The writer is a native of Edgefield, and as this work
progresses he begins to feel that he has good ground to be
proud of the fact. It is true, however, that many dark deeds
have been done upon Edgefield soil—deeds of violence and
blood. The descendants of Cain are to be found in all parts of
the world.

LE ROY AND SAMUEL HAMMOND.

The following additional facts in the lives of Le Roy Ham-
mond and his nephew Samuel Hammond, and the descendants
of Le Roy Hammond, were communicated to me by the two
brothers, C. M. and E. W. Hammond. They write from Ham-
burg, S. C., under date of September 25, 1892:
140 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

The first information we have of the family of Hammond is
that of Colonel Le Roy Hammond, who came from Virginia
in the year or about the year 1765. He married a Miss Tyler,
a near relative of President Tyler. He lived in Augusta a few
years, then moved to South Carolina, on the Savannah River,
seven miles above Augusta, and named his place New Rich-
mond in memory of his old home. He built an imposing house
for these days; the lumber was all sawed by hand, a whip saw
being used. The bricks for the chimneys, and the nails, which
were wrought, were made on the plantation. The brick-layers
and plasterers, thirty in number, were also brought from
Europe to complete the house. This house is now standing
and is in very good repair; and is in-possession of Major
Andrew J. Hammond’s family, who was a grandson of Colonel
Le Roy Hammond.

Colonel Le Roy Hammond established a trading post on the
Savannah River, buying skins, furs, &c., from the Indians,
giving in exchange such things as they needed. These supplies
were brought from Charleston up the Savannah by pole boats.

He died at Snow Hill, near New Richmond in 1790. He
left one son, Le Roy, who was a captain in the Revolution at
sixteen years of age. It is related that, in one of the skir-
mishes in which he was engaged, his cousin Colonel Samuel
Hammond captured a number of Tories and one of them
having a pistol concealed when in the act of firing on him (the
colonel) Captain Hammond galloped up and cut his head in
half, each half falling on his shoulders, one on one shoulder,
and one on the other. The sword with which he accomplished
this feat was made in a blacksmith shop to order, and has
the name of the maker, Harvey, engraved thereon. This sword,
with many hacks in it, showing the active service in which
Captain Hammond was engaged, also his pistols, which are
flint and steel with brass barrels, handsomely mounted in silver
with coat of arms of an Englishman, from whom they were
taken in an engagement, are now in the possession of the de-
scendants of Captain Andrew J. Hammond.

During the Revolution a notorious character, Davis, a Tory
and robber, was captured at Cherokee Ponds, in Edgefield
County, S.C. It fell to the lot of Captain Hammond to kill
him. Gne of these pistols was used on the occasion.
HISTORY OF. EDGEFIELD. I41

At one time while hunting in Georgia he lost his way and
entered the camp of hostile Indians. They all sprang to their
feet drawing their bows and tomahawks, ready to kill him. He
not knowing their language was entirely at their mercy. He
called the name of Le Roy Hammond, and such was the respect
and veneration in which the name and good deeds of his father
was held, of one accord they took him in their camp, made him
presents and fed him and sent him on his way rejoicing. Cap-
tain Hammond, after the war, was a colonel in the militia. A
large fortune was left to him by his father, most of which he
spent in a most charitable manner, giving and helping all who
stood in need of assistance. Of this fortune there remains to
his descendants, the children of Andrew J. Hammond, the
valuable lands on the Savannah River and the old Homestead,
New Richmond. Captain Le Roy Hammond left a daughter,
Julia, who married Charles Hammond, a planter and merchant,
of Hamburg, S. C.

Andrew J. Hammond, his son, was born October 8th, 1814,
and was reared by his mother at the old homestead, New
Richmond. Mrs. Hammond survived her husband fifty-four
years, and was noted throughout Edgefield for her fine busi-
ness habits, strong intellect, great charity, and goodness of
heart. All these fine traits of character were transmitted to
her son, Andrew J. Hammond. He was educated at the then
noted schools of Pendleton, S. C. In 1841, he married
Elizabeth Butler, the only daughter of the Honorable Sampson
H. Butler. For many years he was Captain of the Edgefield
Hussars. He was a member of the Legislature for several
years, and was a member of the Secession Convention in 1860.
Captain A. J. Hammond retired from political life, but at the
breaking out of the late Civil War between the States he was
elected Major of the Twenty-fourth Regiment of South Caro-
lina Volunteers, where he served with bravery and distinction
until prostrated with fever and rheumatism, which confined
him to his home until near the close of the war, when he was
assigned a position on the staff of General A. R. Wright.

Major Hammond was a patriot, a Christian, and a gentle-
man; and was universally honored, loved, and respected by all
who knew him. Hedied December 19th, 1882. His son,
who bore the honored name of Le Roy, and who gave great
142 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

promise of a noble and useful life, died ia early manhood in
the year 1882. Major Hammond's only surviving sons are
Edgar and Charles, who, the writer of this history has reason
to believe, inherit the courage, the strength of character, and
noble attributes of their illustrious ancestors. ‘They reside on
the lands bequeathed by their great-grandfather, Colonel Le
Roy Hammond.
HISFORY OF EDGEFIELD. 143

XVI.

PICKENS.

We group together the three Pickens, General Andrew, of
the Revolutton; his son Andrew, and the late F. W. Pickens,
Governor of South Carolina. We will take the last first.
Governor Francis W. Pickens was not a native of Edgefield,
. but he lived so many years of his life in Edgefield District that
we can well lay claim to him as one of Edgefield’s sons. He
was born in Pendleton District, in that part which is now
Oconee County. His father, Andrew Pickens, moved to
Alabama in 1819, and Francis was first sent to Athens College,
in Georgia, and afterwards to the South Carolina College,
from which institution he graduated with a high reputation for
talents, honor, and energy. Mr. John C. Calhoun, who was
his relation, regarded him as the most promising young man
in the State at that time. He read law at Edgefield, was
admitted to the bar, and was soon afterwards elected a member
of the Legislature. He succeeded Mr. McDufhe in Congress,
where he established a high character as a statesman and
asa debater. He resigned his seat in Congress and was elected
to the State Senate, where he served several sessions. He
was then appointed by President Buchanan Minister to Russia.
After his return home he was elected Governor of the State,
just before Secession and the breaking out of the great Civil
War. After the war he was a member of the State Conven-
tion, which met in 1865, while B. F. Perry was Provisional
Governor. ‘This was his last public service to the State. He
was married three times and left children, daughters, by each
marriage; but no son to transmit his name to posterity. He
was proud of his ancestry, and had reason to be.

General Andrew Pickens, grandfather of Francis W., was a
native of Pennsylvania, but moved to South Carolina some
years before the Revolution. From the beginning of the
troubles he was an ardent supporter of Independence, and was
engaged in active service in the field during nearly the whole
of the war. There was a little while, after the fall of Charles-
ton and the surrender of General Lincoln, when the whole
144 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

upper country seemed paralyzed, in which he was quiescent as
a paroled prisoner. When ordered by the British authorities
to take up arms, in violation of his parole, against his country-
men, he immediately resumed his arms, and took the field in
their defence. He fought at Augusta and received the sun-
render of that place; he fought at Ninety-Six, and was often
before the celebrated Star Redoubt. A brother of his was
killed there; another brother was taken prisoner, and delivered
to the Tories—but, indeed, all the garrison were Tories—who
took him over into Georgia and gave him to the Indians, who
burned him to death on a pile of lightwood. General Pickens
had chief command and gained the glorious victory over the
Tory, Colonel Boyd, at Kettle Creek; he had a command at
Cowpens, and gave General Morgan great assistance in gaining
that victory; he fought Colonel Pyle, on Ham River, N. C.,
and destroyed his command of three hundred men; he was shot
‘from his horse by a musket ball at the battle of Eutaw, and
was picked up by the soldiers as dead, but he soon recovered.
These and other services to the State and country mark him as
one of the most active, energetic, and useful men of the time.
He sat in the first county court ever held at the old Black
House, near Abbeville Court House. His son Andrew, when
a child, drew the first jury ever impaneled in Abbeville Dis-
trict after Independence. It is a fact worthy of honorable
mention in his career that, when General Davidson, of North
Carolina, died the brigade, which was commanded by him
from the Mecklenburg section, elected General Pickens to
command them; so that at that time he was a General in both
States. It is also a fact in his career that he never received
any pay for his services.

He was elected Representative in the United States Congress
in the year 1793. He then resigned his commission of Major
General in the State Militia, and recommended the appoint-
ment of William Butler. The appointment was made, and
about this time a son was born to General Butler, whom he
named Andrew Pickens Butler, as a graceful and grateful com-
pliment to General Pickens.

Andrew Pickens, son of General Andrew Pickens of the
Revolution, was a colonel commanding a regiment on the Ca-
nadian frontier during the war of 1812. In 1817 he was elected
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 145

Governor of the State, but soon afterwards moved to Alabama
(1819.)

Besides the services of General Pickens, already mentioned,
he rendered others to the country which should not be omitted.
He held the treaty of Hopewell with the Cherokee Indians, by
which all the western part of South Carolina was obtained; he
was one of the commissioners appointed by President Jefferson
to run the line between Georgia and Tennessee; and also the
line between Georgia and South Carolina. He held the treaty
of Milledgeville; that of Huntsville, and of Natches with the
Indians; and was one of the first white men to pass down the
Cumberland River, and was often shot at by the savages
on the banks. In fact he was one of the most active
and useful men of the whole South during the period of the
Revolution and the year following. His home was never at
any time in Edgefield; but he was of Ninety-Six and we have
a right toclaim him as our own through his illustrious grandson,
F. W. Pickens, whose home for many years was at Edgefield.

CAPTAIN RICHARD JOHNSON.

Whether Captain Richard Johnson was born in Edgefield or
not, is not known. His father came from Virginia and settled
near Campbellton, on the Savannah River. Richard was about
eighteen years old at the time of the Declaration of Independ-
ence. He took that side at the first and clung to it without
wavering until the close. He was a captain in Samuel Ham.
mond’s cavalry. He had one great quality, which always
inspired his comrades with confidence—coolness in time of
danger. As an instance of his cvolness and readiness it is
related of him that at Eutaw, in retreating before the enemy,
as he passed a cannon, he stopped and spiked it with a nail
which he carried in his pocket. He was the man for the occa-
sion, and he was always ready. Cunningham, on his return
to the low country, after his celebrated raid in 1781, while
feeding one day at the lower Fork of Little Saluda, his force
at the time consisting of about one hundred and fifty men, sud-
denly saw Hammond appear on the opposite side with about
seventy men. Hammond finding the odds so much against
him, determined not to cross then, but to follow and harrass
them until he received reenforcements. Captain Johnson
146 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

wanted to cross and attack at once, and said if thirty men
would volunteer and go with him he would cross and make
the attack. Thirty men dd volunteer and among the number
was Zachary Smith Brooks, grandfather of Preston S. Brooks.
Hammond interfered and forbade the movement; placed him-
self in the way and gave a peremptory order to halt. Ham-
mond was right. It would have been madness for thirty men
to attack one hundred and fifty under Bloody Bill. The next
day General Pickens came up with them and the pursuit was
continued as far as Orangeburg.

Johnson received high praise for his conduct. And the bold
spirit he exhibited on this and on all occasions, made him very
popular.

In 1806 he was elected to the Legislature and continued to
be a member of that body nearly all the remainder of his life.
He died in 1817 at his residence in Edgefield. He was opposed
to the establishment of the South Carolina College; but after
he saw the good resulting from it he frankly acknowledged his
error. He left a handsome fortune, but no children to inherit it.

MICHAEL WATSON.

Michael Watson’s first essay in arms with the militia of
South Carolina was in 1762, in the expedition against the
Cherokee Indians led by Colonel Grant of the regular army.
And after that he was found very forward, brave, and efficient
in opposition to the lawless banditti in 1767 and 1768. I find
no mention of the time when Michael Watson’s father settled
in Edgefield, but he must have been amongst the first in that
section of the country. At that time there were no courts
nearer than Charlestown. Edgefield, or rather Ninety-Six,
for Edgefield was not known until a good many years after-
wards, was filling up very rapidly with people from 1760 to
1770, not only with good industrious settlers, but with a great
many, who were not so.

The peace of 1763 turned loose a great many soldiers on
both sides of the Atlantic, who had been rendered unfit for the
arts of peace, and who sought to live by preying upon the
property of others. Many of these sought refuge in the Dis-
trict of Ninety-Six as a secure asylum, and as a good field for
their operations, as there were no courts nearer than Charles-
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 147

town, which was a hundred and fifty or two hundred miles
away. For peaceable, ‘industrious citizens to carry offenders
such a distance for trial and punishment, imposed upon them a
burden much too great for them to bear. To lift this burden,
or to avoid it, they organized themselves into bands of Regu-
lators, so that when offenders were caught they could be dealt
with at home. Such organizations may, and do, work well for
awhile in extreme cases; but they soon fall off from the high
plane of established law and order, and degenerate into mere
instruments for the gratification of personal revenge. In this
case much good was done, and the Regulators succeeded in
their object and purpose. The attention of the authorities of
the Province was called to the deplorable condition of affairs in
the up country, and seven additional courts were established in
different parts of the Province; one of which was at Camden;
one at Orangeburg; and one at Ninety-Six. But before these
courts were established we find that in 1767 a band of marau-
ders made-an inroad among the neighbors of Michael Watson
on the Ridge, and threatened the life of his father. Michael,
William, and their father, with two other men, pursued them
about thirty miles. When they overtook them they found
them lodged in a house in which they had taken shelter. The
Watson party advanced and were fired upon by those inside.
Old Mr. Watson, William, and one other were instantly killed.
Michael was wounded, but he and the other survivor rushed
into the house before those inside could reload their guns.
Michael killed two of them; his friend, whose name is not
known, wounded another, but the survivors made their escape.
Some of them were afterwards captured and taken to Ckarles-
town and tried.

November 3d, 1767, nine persons were convicted of plunder,
horsestealing, and murder. ‘One Ezekiel Tyrrel also was con-
victed of burning Watson’s corn crib, and was sentenced to be
hung June ist, 1768. The troubles grew worse and worse
until the marauders embodied under Colonel Scovial, who had
friends at court, paraded under arms and made ready for battle.
This brought matters to a crisis, The matter was laid before
the Governor and Council, and soon afterwards the courts were
established, and regularly heid for the trial of all offenders by

judge and jury.
148 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

When the Revolutionary War began Watson was already
well known for his courage and patriotism. Inthe war against
the Cherokees, in 1776, he rendered very efficient service at
Little River, when the division was in some confusion, by
collecting a chosen band and charging the Indians, driving
them back and so saving the division. After the fall of Char-
lestown, and the British and ‘’ories became dominant in the
up country, on one occasion a party surrounded his house at
night while he was in bed. He heard them talking at one end
of the house about the mode of attack. He did not stay long
upon the order of his going, but went at once, and seizing his
gun he ran out of the door at the other end of the house, and
escaped to the woods about fifty yards distant. He then began
to call out, as if to collect a body of men on guard: ‘‘Here
they are! Come on, boys! Charge!’’ He then fired off his
gun. The Tories were frightened and somewhat disgusted,
and left speedily.

At another time his house was surrounded in the open day,
when he was alone with his family. He leaped out through a
window and ran for the woods. The enemy fired at him as
long as he was in sight, but he escaped unhurt, though his
clothes had several bullet holes through them. Afterwards a
Tory Colonel, Kin Williams, came to his plantation with three
hundred men, each with a green oak leaf in his hat. Watson
was not at home at the time, or he would probably have been
killed. They burned every house on the place; killed every
hog and cow, and all the poultry, and either destroyed or car-
ried away all the provisions. With the assistance of his neigh-
bors, he made another home about eight miles away, but he
was still frequently disturbed. On one occasion a man named
Hartley undertook to carry off the only horse he had left.
Watson was then at home and was too much for Hartley. He
fired upon him, wounded him in the arm, and took him
prisoner; made him go home with him, dressed his wound, and
treated him with the greatest kindness.. Such kind treatment
from Watson and his family had so good an effect upon Hartley
that he left the Tories, became a good Whig, and served under
Watson. Often after the war he was heard to relate these
facts.

Watson’s career was brought to a close a short time before
HISTORY OF KDGEFIELD. 149

the close of the war. In May, 1782, hearing of a body of
Tories in Dean’s Swamp, near Orangeburg, Watson and Wil-
liam ‘Butler determined to attack them. Watson’s men were
mounted, armed with rifles and muskets; Butler’s were cavalry,
armed with pistols and cutlasses. These Tories were com-
manded by Bloody Bill Cunningham, and in hopes to be able
to surprise them, Watson and Butler marched with great
rapidity. On the way they captured a disaffected man, named
Hutton; but he made his escape, and gave the Tories warning
just before they reached the camp. As soon as his escape was
known Watson wanted to stop the advance, but Butler was for
pushing forward. Butler’s wish prevailed; and as they ad-
vanced they saw two men who seemed to be trying to hide.
Butler, Watson, and Sergeant Vardel rode forward to capture
them. Watson then discovered that they were only a decoy,
and warned the others, but too late. The Tories, seeing that
they were discovered, fired upon the Whigs and brought down
Watson, Vardel, and several others. Butler brought off the
wounded men, but now found that the infantry had very little
ammunition left, and that the Tories, twice the number of the
Whigs, were advancing upon them. He immediately made
John Corley, a brave and gallant youth, his First Lieutenant,
and they charged so hotly upon the enemy’s lines that they
were thrown into confusion. The whigs pressed upon them so
fiercely and used their broad swords so rapidly that they coula
not rally, and sought safety in the swamp. As the Whigs
returned from the chase they found Vardel alive, but he expired
in the effort to wave his hand and to shout ‘‘hurra!’’ They
buried him on the field. Watson was carried to Orangeburg.
He was alive when they reached that place, but he died soon
afterwards, and was buried in that village with military
honors. /

Shall we relate a little story of this battle? A smart young
man, name not given, was very anxious to distinguish him-
self, never having been in battle. He sought the office of
Lieutenant and was elected. Mounted ona beautiful filly, he
advanced bravely to the attack. When they found the enemy
and dismounted to make the attack, he dismounted also,
hitched his horse and advanced on foot with the others. When
the Tories rose and poured in their fire, seeing the number
150 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

that fell besides Captain Watson, the young man could not
stand it; his courage evaporated; he turned and fled, and, for-
getting his fine filly, never stopped until he reached home,
spreading the report that all the party had been killed except
himself. The horse was saved by those who brought off the
wounded. When they reached Orangeburg the owner of the
filly never making any claim, she was sold and the money she
brought was expended in rum and other 1efreshments. Some
others of Watson’s men also ran off—names not known. Iam
not much inclined to blame anybody for running out of danger
when he can save his bacon by it. Discretion is the better
part of valor, always.

FRANCIS SALVADOR.

In a history of Edgefield, it is due to Mr. Salvador, whose
name appears in every history of the State, that something
should be said of him more than the mere casual mention of
his name. He was the intimate friend of Colonel Le Roy
Hammond. He was killed in the second battle of the war
with the Cherokees in 1776, and his death was much lamented.
He was highly accomplished, honorable, and generous. He
was a native of England, but of H-:brew parents anda Hebrew
in religion. He inherited a large fortune from his father,
Jacob Salvador, which he increased by marriage. He came to
South Carolina in the year 1774, with his friend, Mr Richard
A. Rafeloy, purchased negroes, and a large tract of land in
Ninety-Six District, and lived honored and respected. He
became a inember of the General Assembly, and was warmly
attached to the cause of Independence. He was the first man
killed in the battle. He was wounded twice—was scalped
and died in less than an hour, unconscious of the barbarous
act.

THE MARTINS.

The family of Martins in Edgefield were remarkable during
the Revolution for being united in the cause of Independence.
They were all Whigs and brave men. ‘There were seven
brothers, and all took active parts and all made good soldiers.
All survived the war, except one, William, who was the oldest.
He was Captain of Artillery, and was killed at the siege of
Augusta. He was one of the oldest captains in the service.
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. I5I

These brothers were named William, Bartley, James, John,
Edmund, Marshall, and Matthew. Matthew was alive in
1846, living in Tennessee; he died near the close of that year.
The wives of these men were about as good and true soldiers
as their husbands, if the following story be correct, of which
there is no doubt:

Learning that important despatches were sent up the country
by the enemy, Mrs! William and Mrs. Bartley Martin deter-
mined to waylay the courier and capture the papers. They
dressed themselves in their husbands’ clothes, (perhaps they
were in the habit of wearing the breeches any how), took po-
sition near the road where the express must pass. Directly the
courier appeared with a guard of two British officers. As they
came up the young women presented their muskets and de-
manded their instant surrender. The officers, panic stricken,
surrendered and were paroled at once. The ladies then took
the despatches, hastened home through the woods and without
loss of time sent their prize to General Greene. The officers
soon appeared on their return and asked for accommodation as
travellers. This was granted. Mrs. Martin asked how it was
that they returned sosoon? They told her that they had been
taken prisoner by two rebel boys; and they showed her their
paroles. The ladies rallied them and asked if they were not
armed. ‘They said yes; but were so surprised that they could
not use theirarms. Mrs. Martin allowed them to depart next
morning without letting them know who their captors were.
These’ Martins were of Martintown, on the Sayannah side of
Edgefield. A more extended account of this family will be
given.

CUNNINGHAM AND HAMMOND.

One purpose of Cunningham when he made his celebrated
raid into the up-country in 1781, was the capture of Samuel
Hammond, whom he expected to find at Anderson’s Mills, on
the Saluda, near Island Ford, as he heard he was then stationed
at that place. Hammond was not there when Cunningham
passed. From Cloud’s Creek to Anderson’s Mills his path
was one of fire and blood. He crossed Saluda at Island Ford,
went on to Hays’ station, in the lower edge of Laurens, and
put Colonel Hays and all his command to the sword.
152 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

MRS. CRUGER AT NINETY-SIX.

The following anecdotes of the residence of Mrs, Cruger at
Ninety-Six may not be without interest to the readers of this
book:

While the British occupied Ninety-Six the family of the
commandant, Colonel Cruger, was staying at the house of
Colonel James Mayson, which was about three miles from the
town. Mayson wasa man of family with several lovely, lively
daughters. The officers of the garrison would frequently call
and spend the evening there, and it sometimes happened that
some of the rebels would also visit there and if they met any
British officers all passed off pleasantly, as they regarded Colo-
nel Mayson’'s home as neutral ground. Suddenly one day a
cannonade is heard at Ninety-Six, and the ladies soon learned
that General Greene’s forces had attacked the Star battery.
Tke ladies, in great alarm, immediately began collecting their
movable values, jewelry, &c., and Mrs. Cruger sewing up her
guineas in belts, so that she could secure them about her per-
son. A young lady, afterwards the wife of General William
Butler, says she assisted Mrs. Cruger in sewing up her guineas.
The other ladies, very probably, had no guineas to hide.
They had scarcely finished their work and completed their
preparations for a speedy departure, when a number of armed
men in American uniform, marched into the enclosure. ‘The
ladies were much alarmed, but the commanding officer ad-
vanced and asked to speak with any one of the family. He
stated that he had been as sent guard to protect Mrs. Cruger
and the family, and that they need be under no apprehension,
and that the guard would remain as long as necessary. This
attention was very well and thankfully received by Mrs.
Cruger, Colonel Cruger and all his officers. When the siege
was raised the guard was withdrawn, and when they parted
Mrs. Cruger gave the officer commanding two gtineas,

Mrs. Butler also relates that soon after this, when she had
returned home to the house of her stepfather, Mr. Savage, near
Saluda Old Town, she first saw William Butler, her future
husband. A handsome yourg officer, with a rose cockade in
his hat, rode up to the house alone and inquired if any persons
had been there who might be stragglers from the American
army; if they had taken anything away, and in what direc-
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 153

tion they had gone. Mrs. Butler told him they had taken
nothing from the house but that they had gone in a direction
which led her to believe that their purpose was to steal their
horses. The lieutenant then gave a signal and he was soon
joined by his men. They pursued; saved the horses; captured
the stragglers and took them safely into camp.

Only a little while before this occurred, a young Virginia
officer, named Wade, who had been badly wounded in a skir-
mish with some of Lord Rawdon’s troops near the ‘‘Old
Town,’’ and had fallen from his horse, was brought into the
house. While all were anxious and solicitous about his wel-
fare, he thought only of his horse, and all he could say was,
“Don’t let them carry off my horse.’’

MRS. DILLARD AND MRS. THOMAS.

These ladies were not of Edgefield, but inasmuch as Colonel
Samuel Hammond, who was of Edgefield, in his notes of the
Battle of Cedar Springs, in Spartanburg District, relates the
story, and I feel sure that it is not out of place here. Colonel
Hammond says:

“Mrs. Dillard, who had given our party milk and potatoes
the day before this battle, stated that Ferguson and Dunlap,
with their party of Tories came there on the next evening.
They inquired after Clarke’s party, their numbers, &c., &c.,
and she gave them as little information as possible. They or-
dered her to prepare supper with despatch; and while she was
so employed, she heard one of the Tory officers tell Ferguson
that he had just been informed that the rebels under Clarke
were to camp that night at the Green, or Cedar Springs. It
was immediately resolved to attack them that night, and Mrs.
Dillard’s husband being with Clarke, she resolved to give them
notice of it. As soon as she could set out the supper she
slipped off to the stable, bridled a young horse, and, without
a saddle, galloped off to apprise Clarke of his danger; under
an impression that the enemy were too numerous to justify
battle with them. She arrived just in time, for Dunlap had
been sent forward by Ferguson, with orders to attack and
detain us until he should come up with the remainder. Dunlap
had advanced rapidly and charged soon after we had paraded
and were ready for his reception. The lady returned home in
safety and deserves well of her country.
154 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

‘The credit of giving this seasonable notice to the Americans
has also been claimed for Mrs. Thomas, the heroic mother of
Colonel J. Thomas, jun., and no doubt with reason—they both
did it. With such patriotic matrons and with a peasantry who
refused to take protection, or acknowledge submission to the
British forces, well may this District be designated as Spartan-
burg.”

Mrs. Thomas rode sixty miles to give Colonel Clarke the
information, The foregoing should have appeared in the
Sketch of Samuel Hammond and his Services, but was over-
looked and inadvertently left out.

PICKENS AND WILLIAMSON.

After the battle of Guilford Court House, N. C., March 25,
1781, General Greene determined to return to South Carolina,
and detached Major Samuel Hammond of South Carolina, and
Major James Jackson of Georgia, from his army with orders to
penetrate to the Savannah River and open communication with
friends of Independence on both sides, in order that he might
receive support in his progress through. When they came
into Ninety-Six District, they sent for Generals Williamson
and Pickens, the most influential men in that part of the
country. They both attended the call and were invited by
Hammond and Jackson to unite with them in carrying out
General Greene’s views. ‘They stated that that they were
prisoners on parole, on the terms of the surrender in Charles-
ton, and although these terms had been violated as to some
who had been ordered out by the British, yet, as to themselves,
the terms had not been violated, and they did not feel justified
in breaking their parole. The British Commander soon re-
ceived information of the arrival of the Americans in the Dis-
trict, and at once issued the order calling upon and requiring
Andrew Williamson and Andrew Pickens to enter upon active
service in support of the Royal authority. Pickens imme-
diately joined his countrymen in arms and ever after was a
gallant and efficient leader. Williamson submitted; and after
awhile left the District of Ninety-Six; retired to the neighbor-
hood of Charleston, and always after remained within the
British lines; but never, as far as is known, bore arms against
his countrymen.
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 155

FORT GALPHIN—GEORGE GALPHIN.

On the arrival of Colonel Lee at Augusta, during the siege
of that place, after the capture of Fort Granby, he sent down
Captain Rudolph with his regulars to assist in the siege of Fort
Galphin. The fort was soon taken. The capitulation was
signed by Captain Rudolph. This capture was of great impor-
tance to the American cause. A large amount of arms and
military stores, blankets, clothing, small arms, ammunition,
salt, and hospital stores were captured in the fort and in the
boats on the yviver—all of immense value to the Americans.
Without this seasonable supply it is doubtful whether Fort
Cornwallis could have been taken.

Fort Galphin was on Silver Bluff, the property afterwards of
Governor James H. Hammond and his descendants, at that
time owned by George Galphin, whose dreaming match with
the Indian Chief will be given. Mr. Galphin, Assistant Su-
perintendent of Indian affairs, was a devoted friend to the
American cause, and by his influence with the Indians much
bloodshed was prevented. He also frequently assisted the
Americans in their wants—general as well as individual—with
his fortune; which was large.
156 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

XVII.

NORRIS TOWNSHIP.

The history of Norris Township is here given as it is related
by Mr. John M. Norris, who, in November, 1891, was in his
seventy-fifth year, and who was born and raised in the town-
ship, and has resided all his life within a mile of where his
father and grandfather lived and died.

Norris Township lies in the eastern border of the county and
embraces a considerable portion of the famous Ridge Plateau,
from the Lexington County line west to Ward Township, a
distance of ten or twelve miles, and extends northwest to the
Rhinehart and Mobley Townships, and embraces within its
area Cloud’s Creek, West Creek, and-Norris Greek, all three of
which have their source on the Ridge and flow in a northwest
direction. This section of our county cannot better be described
than in the words of Professor Morse in his Universal Geogra-
phy. Hesays: ‘‘The Ridge is a remarkable elevated belt af
land extending from the Savannah to Bush River, It is a
fine, healthy belt of land, well watered and of good soil. The
Edistos have their rise on this Ridge, as well as creeks running
into the Saluda. These waters interlock, and the traveler on
the old Ridge Road crosses branches alternately running in
opposite directions. As you advance northwest from the sum-
mit of the Ridge, commences a country exactly resembling the
Northern States, or like Devonshire in England or Langudoc
in France. The hills and vales, with all their verdure and
variegated beauty, present themselves t> the eye. Here
heaven has bestowed its blessings with a most bounteous hand.
The air is temperate and healthful. It is well watered, and
the fertility of the soil is equal to every vegetable production.”’

This description by Professor Morse was intended for all the
up country as well as Norris Township. Many changes have
been made since that was written. The beautiful and majestic
forests have dwindled away. Only here and there a small
copse of the original woods is to be seen. The verdure and
variegated beauty do not gladden the eye as of old. The hills
and vales have been dispossessed of much of their fertile soil
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 157

by improper husbandry. Gullies and barren hills, like the
wrinkles of old age, bear witness to the fact.

Among the earliest settlers of the township was William
Norris, grandfather of Mr. John M. Norris, who came from
Pennsylvania, and settled on West Creek about the year 1750,
and died in 1780. About the same time William Sawyer set-
tled in the same neighborhood. Then Busheys, Bateses, Longs,
Padgetts, Whittles, Yarboroughs, Smiths, Warrens, and others,
on the eastern portion of the township; while on the Ridge
and western side were the Watsons, Simpkinses, Perrys,
Asbills, Holstons, Burtons, Reynoldses, and Williamses, with
the Bodies, Herlongs, DeLoaches, and many others, whose
names cannot be recalled at present.

William Norris was of the Quaker persuasion. He left three
sons, Nathan, William, and Stephen, and also several..daugh-
ters. All these lived long and useful lives. The wife of
William Norris was Agnes Federick, a woman of remarkable
qualities. By the death of her husband she was left alone, to
take care of and to raise and train her children. Her training
was so excellent that it is said that neither one of them was
ever known to use profane language. Nathan, the oldest, was
the patriarch of the Norris family. His education was imper-
fect, but he had a clear and strong mind. Benevolence supplied
his strongest incentive of action, and the serving of others
seemed to have been his favorite mode of serving himself.
His public spirit manifested itself throughout his whole life by
self-sacrifice and deeds of kindness. If he had any fault to be
complained of, it was on the side of mercy. He was eminently
a man of mercy and of peace. He exercised more leniency
towards his slaves, and he had a goodly number of them, than
perhaps any man in Edgefield County. During the greater
part of his life he served as Justice of Peace, County Commis-
sioner, &c. While inheriting from his father some of the
Quaker spirit, he was a Baptist, and contributed more to the
building and maintaining of the old West Creek Baptist Church,
of which he was a member, than any one of the other members.
In a large degree he was given to hospitality. He was kind
and charitable to the poor, and was beloved and respected by
all who knew him.

The Watson family have descended from Michael Watson,
158 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

who was killed in the old War of Independence, and of whom
a biographical sketch is elsewhere given. His descendants
have been prominent in this township and in the county, and
have been honored by the people of Edgefield. Major Tillman
Watson, than whom none of the Watson family ever stood
higher, was a man of sterling qualities. Although his educa-
tion was limited, yet his sense of justice, his patriotism, his
integrity, and his clear, good sense caused him to be respected
and promoted by the people of Edgefieid County, who often
bestowed upon him the honors he deserved by sending him to
represent them in the Legislature, sometimes in the Senate and
sometimes in the House.

The Holston family of this township descended from Moses
Holston, Sr., who.died about the year 1838. He had a num-
ber of sons and daughters who settled in the township, and
who, at one time, owned and cultivated a considerable portion
of the best lands. They were remarkably successful as cotton
planters, and continued buying land and slaves with the pro-
duce of their cotton fields. No one of them was more success-
ful than Wade Holston, who was the youngest son of Moses,
Sr. Before the War of Secession he owned a large number of
slaves and several thousand acres of land. He was ambitious
to succeed, and he usually did succeed in all he undertook.
He represented the county in the Legislature for awhile. The
greater part of his property was accumulated by industry and
perseverance.

The William Sawyer, who was cotemporary with William
Norris, Sr., is the head of all the Sawyers of this section of
Edgefield. He had a son named Ansel Sawyer, who was
killed with Captain James Butler at the massacre on Lick
Creek in time of the Revolution. Hewas only 17 or 18 years
of age. He was horribly mutilated, having been chopped to
pieces by the Tories with their swords. He was carried home
from the battle ground on a ground slide by an old negro slave
named Beister, who belonged to the widow of William Norris,
Sr. William Norris, her son, a lad at the time, was an eye
witness, and gave the facts as here stated to his son, John M.
Norris.

In reading and writing history, I often pause and ask my-
self whether men are nct already devils, and this world a bit
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 159

of hell set apart for their temporary residence and habitation;
a world of probation to see whether any of them can ever be
restored to that better condition from which they all fell.

On the waters of West Creek, in a shady grove near a
purling spring, stands the old West Creek Baptist Church,
which took its name from the creek on which it is situated.
It was constituted in 1790. Old men relate that long before
this church was regularly constituted a rude house of worship
existed at the same place, and that services were occasionally
held here. This old church has gone through many vicissi-
tudes, but at present it is in a flourishing condition. It is the
mother of several other Baptist Churches in Edgefield, of some
also in Lexington. One of these is Bethel Church, on the
Ridge, from which sprang the Ridge Spring Baptist Church.
All three of these churches have flourished under various
pastors, and have largely contributed and exercised an influence
for good in the township.

The old Methodist Church, Providénce, situated on Cloud’s
Creek, was also constituted very early. The Boddys, Herlongs,
Bouknights, Mitchells, and other families were prominent in
building up and sustaining Methodism in this section. Their
descendants are following in their footsteps, and are faithfully
doing the same work in which their fathers were engaged.

In this township are found immense quantities of granite
rock, both the Poaphoritic and Syenitic. Excellent millstones
are being dressed and shipped to all parts of the State by E. W.
McLenna, the energetic and enterprising editor and proprietor
of the Johnston Monitor. These beds of Syenitic granite are
inexhaustible. whe stone is of fine grain and capable of a
high polish, which qualities make it very suitable for monu-
ments, tombstones, &c. These quarries are near the C., C. &
A. Railroad, and can supply building material for all time;
clays for the making of excellent brick abound.

The present inhabitants of the townsnip are mostly native
and to the manner born, descendants of the original settlers.
In common with all other parts of the country, Norris Town-
ship bore its share of the sacrifices made for the Lost Cause, in
sending its sons to the war, a large portion of whom never re-
turned, and are buried far from home, resting in soldiers’
graves by the wayside; or in some cemetery with no headstone
160 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

to mark the spot. They suffered much also in the loss of
property, and endured all the hardships incident to the great
changes produced by the war and by the reconstructive
process.

The C., ©. & A. Railroad runs through this township, along
the old Ridge Road, and has been the cause of many and great
changes. Three towns have sprung up like magic within the
boundaries of this township, Batesburg, Ridge Spring, and
Monetta. Batesburg is a little over the line in Lexington
County, but a considerable slip of Ec gefield territory is within
the corporate limits, and the greater part of its trade is drawn
from Edgefield County. Batesburg is a flourishing town, with
some twenty stores, two banks, two colleges, two churches,
Baptist and Methodist. It is a considerable place of trade.

Ridge Spring is named after the Ridge on which it is situated,
and the bold, unfailing spring that gushes out of the earth in
the very midst of the town. This spring is the source of
Cloud’s Creek. This is a beautiful town for situation, occupy-
ing as it does the original home of the Watsons. R. B. Watson,
Esq., a grandson of Elijah Watson, Sr., is now living (1891)
in the house in which his grandfather lived and died.

Monetta is a small place on the railroad between Ridge
Spring and Batesburg, and has sprung up since 1885.

In the earlier times in this section the facilities for getting
an education were very poor. Old field schools, and they with
tather incompetent teachers, were the only chance, with some
rare exceptions. In 1826, John Knox established a school
near the Lexington line, which perhaps did more in educating
the people in this section than any other school has done. He
was a classical scholar and continued this school a number of
years. It was well patronized by all in reach, and many from
different parts of the county and State received their education
at this school. Since the war schools, academies, and colleges
have been established for the complete and thorough education
of all the children.

In complimenting the godly mothers and wives and daughters
of this section of our county, it is but just to say that there is
at least as great a number of industrious, discreet, amiable,
gentle, and handsome women here in proportion to the number
of inhabitants, as in any other section of the county or State.
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 161

Many might be mentioned by name, and their deeds might be
recorded here; but as it is a lovely and adorable trait in woman
to shun notoriety, and to modestly and faithfully fill her sphere
of usefulness, we will desist. But if all were written that
might be truthfully written in her behalf, even in the narrow
bounds of this township, it would fill many volumes.
‘Full many a gem of purest ray serene,
The dark, unfathomed caves of ocean bear;

Full many a flower is born to blush unseen,
And waste its sweetness on the desert air.”

Slaves were introduced into this township at an early period
in its history. And cotton, the great staple of the South, was
and still is the chief article of cultivation. The climate is mild
and genial; the soil is good; the people are religious and indus-
trious; and, notwithstanding the great disadvantages of unjust
and unequal legislation and taxation, under which the pro-
ducers of the wealth of the country labor, the inhabitants of
Norris Township, as a rule, are prosperous and happy.
162 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

XVIII.

Biographical sketches of some distinguished natives of Edge-

field, who lived and died elsewhere are here given.’
REV. ALEXANDER TRAVIS.

I am indebted to the History of Conecuh County, Alabama,
by the Rev. B. F. Riley, for the information contained in this
section.

Rev. Alexander Travis was born in Edgefield County, S. C.,
on August 23rd, 1790. Reared on a farm, he was inured to
work and hard service, and in this manner was made better
fitted to perform the duties and undergo the labors which
awaited him in the latter half of his life. His school education
was quite limited, being confined to an imperfect training in
the rudiments of English. Being a man of strong mind and
retentive memory, he learned much by observation, and soon
held a respectable position amongst men, as a man of thotght
and action. He was tall and dignified, and by the gravity of
his manner commanded the respect of all who knew him. He
was converted in 1809, and baptized into Addiel Church, in
South Carolina. (Where is this church?) In 1810 he was
licensed to preach, and was ordained in 1813. He became
pastor of several churches, and so remained until 1817, when
he removed to Alabama.

He located near Evergreen, in Conecuh County, where he
resided until his death. He wasdevoted to the Master’s work,
and gathered, asthe could, a batch of hearers from Sunday
to Sunday, to preach to them the riches of Christ. He did
not preach in vain. He soon collected enough of converts,
with those who had before been members of Baptist Churches,
to form a church near his home. This was done in 1818.
His labors were not confined to this section, but in all direc-
tions he worked for the building of other churches. His first
was the old Beulah Church between Sparta and Brooklyn.
From this as a central point, his labors radiated in all direc-
tions. Often he would take long journeys on foot, leaving
home frequently on Friday morning in order to meet his
appointments at a distance. Often the streams were swollen
HISTORY OF -EDGEFIELD. 163

so much that he was compelled to swim across. During the
week he was an earnest, persistent student. His library was a
plain English Bible, over which he pored by the aid of blazing
pine knots, after his day’s labors in the field. Through his
exertions, which knew no wavering nor faltering, thriving
churches were established in different parts of the county, and
some in districts quite remote from others. His zeal and
ability were so great and eminent that he remained in charge
of several of these churches as long as he lived. Of the
Beulah Church, the one he first organized, he was pastor
thirty-five years; of Bellville, thirty-two. Between Burnt
corn and Evergreen, in the Higdon settlement, a large and
flourishing interest was established by him. By reason of his
great parliamentary ability, he was chosen Moderator of the
Bethlehem Association for more than twenty sessions in succes-
sion, and because of his earnest support of ‘the cause of educa-
tion, he was made the first Chairman of the Board of Trustees
of the Evergreen Academy, for many years together. So
evenly balanced were all his powers, that he was most admir-
ably fitted for the work assigned him by providence in a
pioneer region. :

Elder Travis died in 1852, at his old home, where he had
lived full thirty-five years. His death was a public calamity,
and was universally lamented. He was a good man, and in
many respects a greatone. He was true to his principles and
convictions of truth and right, and never shrank from their
defence. Yet he was a meek man, as brave and good men
always are.

At the pulpit end of old Beulah Church may be seen to-day
by the passer-by, a plain marble shaft, which marks the resting
place of this sainted pioneer and hero.

NICHOLAS STALLWORTH, SR.

If I mistake not the name Stallworth is still an honored one
in Edgefield County.

Nicholas Stallworth, Sr., was born in Edgefield District, on
April 25th, 1777. He moved from Edgefield to Clarke County,
Alabama, in the year 1817, but remained there only one year.
In 1818, with several others, he removed to the east side of
the Alabama River, after the troubles with the Indians had
164 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

subsided. He made his home four miles southeast of Ever-
green, on the Evergreen and Brooklyn public road, where he
continued to reside until his death, in 1836.

Mr. Stallworth was well fitted by nature to brave the perils
of a pioneer country. With robust frame, determined will,
and unlimited energy, combined with business tact and shrewd-
ness, he rapidly accumulated a handsome fortune, and became
one of the wealthiest men in the county. He was the ancestor
of quite a number of descendants, some of whom attained
marked distinction.

NICHOLAS STALLWORTH, JR.

Prominent among the first generation of young men reared
in Conecuh, was Nicholas Stallworth, Jr. He was born in
Edgefield District, February 21st, 1810. When he was only
eight years of age he was brought with the remainder of his
father’s family to Alabama.

He was married to Miss Martha Travis, eldest daughter of
Rev. Alexander Travis. The result of this union was seven
children, among whom were Robert P. Stallworth and Frank
M. Stallworth, of Falls County, Texas; Major Nick Stall-
worth, late of Hilliard’s Legion; and Mrs. Barnett, the wife of
Honorable Samuel A. Barnett, of Mobile. Mrs. Barnett is
-dead.

Reared at a time and in a community where few schools
‘existed, Mr. Stallworth had to depend almost entirely upon
self-training. He lacked none of the virtues of a sterling
citizen. Hospitable, liberal, and public spirited, he was quite
popular. Without himself seeking the position, he was at one
time made Circuit Clerk of Conecuh County. When, in 1850,
the office of Judge of Probate was made elective, he warmly
‘espoused the candidacy of A. D. Cary. As early as 1838 Mr.
Stallworth foresaw the struggle which reached its bloody cul-
mination in 1861. The tendency of existing political issues
caused him to predict the dismemberment of the Union, and
the probable abolition of slavery. Mr. Stallworth died in 1853,
in the prime of manhood. He left descendants, sons, J. A.
Stallworth and young Nick Stallworth, who were an honor to
their ancestry and to Edgefield.
HISTORY OF KDGEFIELD. 165

WILLIAM BARRETT TRAVIS, THE HERO OF THE ALAMO.

William Barrett Travis was born in Edgefield District, S. C.,
August 9th, 1809, within four miles of Red Bank Church. He
was the son of Mark Travis, Sr., who was a brother of Rev. Alex-
ander Travis, already noticed. The family moved to ‘Conecuh
in 1818. Young Travis was as well educated as the times and
country could afford. At maturity he studied for the bar at
Claiborne, under the Honorable James Dellett. Quite early in
the year 1835 he bade farewell to his quiet home in South
Alabama and removed to Texas. The province was then in a
state of seething excitement. Santa Anna was Governor, Pres-
ident or Dictator of the Republic of Mexico, of which Texas
formed a part, and was doing his utmost to destroy the Federal
system and to consolidate all power in the central government
at the capitolcity. Against this movement the Texans warmly
protested. Young and ardent, and just from the United States,
Mr. Travis naturally sympathized in feeling with the Texans.
Early in the beginning of hostilities we fird him a chosen and
willing leader. When the war actually began and Santa Anna
invaded Texas at the head of four thousand men and marched
upon San Antonio in the beginning of 1836, we find Colonel
W. B. Travis in command at this point. Santa Anna’s ad-
vanced columns reached the heights of the Alazan, which over-
looked the city of San Antonio, on the 22d of February.
Colonel Travis had only one hundred and forty-four men, and
with these he retired into the Alamo. As soon as Santa Anna
occupied the city he demanded the surrender of the garrison.
The demand was responded to by acannon shot, for Colonel
Travis knew too well the treacherous nature of his foe, and he
believed that a surrender would be followed by a massacre.
There were fourteen cannon in the Fort, but only a small sup-
ply of powder.

Immediately after receiving the answer to his summons for
surrender, Santa Anna ran up a blood-red flag, proclaiming
“No Quarter’?! On the 24th of February couriers were sent by
Travis to San Felipe and Goliad for assistance. The Mexicans
steadily bombarded the fort without effect. Early in the morn-
ing of the 25th, the Mexicans brought into play all their avail-
able guns. Towards noon Santa Anna left his head-quarters
and gave his personal supervision to the aim of the gunners.
166 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD..

At every opportunity, when screened from view, he ad-
vanced and planted his guns nearer the fort. On the night of
the 25th the Texans made a sally into the town and burned
some houses that were near the fort. The next morning there
was a brisk skirmish without any decisive result. The
number of Mexicans was now increased and Santa Anna made
great efforts to cut off the supply of water from the garrison.
In this he completely failed. Again at night Travis’ men made
another sortie and burnt some houses. Meantime the Mexi-
cans kept up the bombardment for several days together, in-
cessantly, but without any serious result.

On the second of March the garrison received a re-inforce-
ment of thirty-two citizen soldiers, who had fought their way
through the ranks of the enemy. These were commanded by
Captain John W. Smith, of Gonzales. On the third, Colonel
Travis sent a courier with a message to the State Convention
then in session at Washington. The message was to the fol-
lowing purport: ‘‘I am still here, in fine spirits and well to do.
With one hundred and forty-five men I have held this place
ten days against a force variously estimated at from 1,500 to
6,000; and I shall continue to hold it until I get relief from
my countrymen, or I will perish in its defence. We have had
a shower of cannon balls continuously falling among us the
whole time, yet none of us have fallen. We have been mirac-
ulously preserved.’’

During that day, Colonel Bonham, who had been sent to
Goliad to secure re-inforcements, returned and gave his assist-
ance once more to the defence of the fort. That night the
Texans again made a sally but effected nothing. The Mexi-
cans continued heavy firing, but the defenders of the fort fired
but seldom, as their ammunition was scarce. The fourth of
March wore heavily away without change in the situation; but
the beseiged knew that, unless some great and miraculous
assistance came to them, they were doomed to a speedy and
bloody death. Santa Anna grew tired of the seige and
urged upon the council of officers, which he had called, the
necessity of making a speedy assault. They wanted to wait
until the arrival of the heavy seige guns. He chafed under the
delay and finally his wish prevailed. The fort was stormed.
The attack was made from different directions, by four columns
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 167

under the leadership of his most experienced officers. ach
column was provided with every thing necessary; ladders, pick-
axes, crow-bars, &c. The attack was ordered for midnight;
but delays always occur, and it was not until precisely at four
o’clock on the morning of March 6th, the thirteenth day of the
seige, that the bugle sounded the advance along the whole
Mexican line. The garrison, feeling the movement, leaped to
their guns and poured upon their assailants a storm of lead
and iron. Before the fire of the Texans the three columns, on
the north, west, and east, staggered and swung back. Some
confusion was produced, but the solid mass rallied under their
officers and renewed the assault. This time they broke through
the wall into the yard running round the fort. At about the
same time the column from the South made a breach in the
wall and took one of the guns. This cannon was commanded
by Colonel Travis himself, and it is supposed that he was killed
early in the action, as he was found dead near the gun. The
Mexicans turned this gun against the last stronghold and dis-
lodged the Texans, who took refuge in the different buildings.
Then began a deadly, close conflict. Each building was a
separate battle ground. Each Texan knew that his own death
was certain, and he resolved to have as many as possible of the
enemy to bear him company to the shades. The heroic Crock-
ett, knowing that death was inevitable, struck down his
enemies until, when his own dead body was found, it was in
the centre of acircling heap of dead Mexicans. Colonel Bowie
was lying on his bed in the last stage of consumption; but as
the enemy rushed into his room, he shot and killed seven of
the foe before he, himself, was killed.

‘The details of the horrid massacre need not be repeated here,
even if they could be given. The bodies of the Texans were
collected into heaps and burned. A year later Colonel John
N. Seguin superintended the collection and proper interment
of the bones of these heroes.

As you enter the capitol at Austin, you see a monument
bearing this inscription: ‘‘Thermopyle had its messenger of
defeat. ‘The Alamo had none.”’

Thus died the brilliant and the brave Colonel William Bar-
rett Travis. Bonham and Bowie, sons of Edgefield as well as
168 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

Travis, went with him on the same dark journey. And
Crockett was not far away.

“Disturb not their slumbers, let the heroes here sleep

’Neath the boughs of the willows that over them weep!

Their arms are unnerved, but their deeds remain bright
As the stars in the dark-vaulted heaven at night!

O, wake not these heroes! their battles are o’er!

Let them rest undisturbed on Antonio’s fair shore!

On the river’s green border as flowery dressed,

With the hearts they loved fondly let the heroes here rest!"’

MARK BUTLER TRAVIS.

Mark Butler Travis was not a son, but a grandson of Edge-
field, and deserves a place in the history of the county, as he
was with the Palmetto Regiment, a member of it, in the war
with Mexico. His life was one of chivalrous heroism and de-
votion to his country. He was born in the neighborhood of
Old Town, Alabama, on May 18, 1827. He was very apt in
the acquisition of knowledge. Having read medicine he left
home to attend a course of lectures in a distant State, being at
the time only seventeen years of age. While on the way to
college he met up with the famous Palmetto Regiment on the
way to join General Scott in Mexico. He at once determined
to enlist in the Regiment and go with them to Mexico. This
he did, and shared with the members of that Regiment the
glories of Contreras and Cherubusco. At Cherubusco he re-
ceived a wound in the head, which prevented his being with
the Regiment when they entered the capitol city. He re-
covered from his wou:d, rejoined his comrades, and served
through the remainder of the war. After his return home he
was made colonel and then general of militia. He was also
elected Clerk of the Court for four successive terms. When
the war of Secession came on he was one of the first to respond
to the call to arms. He enlisted in the Conecuh Guards; was
made second lieutenant and went with the company to Vir-
ginia.

At t're battle of Bull Run, or First Manassas, the gallant
Colonel Jones of the Fourth Alabama Regiment was killed.
To this regiment the Conecuh Guards belonged. At the time
of Colonel Jones’ death the situation was such that the whole
regiment seemed threatened with destruction. Becoming cog-
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 169

nizant of the fact, a panic seemed inevitable, and the men

began to turn their feet and faces towards the rear. Seeing’
the situation, Lieutenant Travis tried to stop the flight of the
regiment, and stood with brandished sword before the retreat-
ing columns and begged them not torun. While thus exert-

ing himself he was suddenly confronted by a burly Teuton,

whose glaring eyes, open mouth, and dilated nostrils showed

that he was a victim of stupendous fright, and when he saw
the efforts of Travis to check the flight, he exclaimed: ‘‘O,

mine friendt, my life is too schweet!’’ The Lieutenant, find-
ing his efforts to stay the flight vain, concluded that discretion

was the better part of valor, and sought a more secure position.

He had on a very heavy pair of boots, so that he could not
make very good time, but as he ran somewhat hastily past Dr.

Taliaferro, the doctor called out to him: ‘‘Lieutenant, you had
better look out, or Barnum will have those boots in his museum
before night.’’

Lieutenant Travis was honorably discharged from service on
account of failing health and disability to perform the duties of
a soldier before the close of the war, and died at his home of
pneumonia in 1864. There were combined in his character
many elements of true nobility.

COLONEL P. D. BOWLES.

Pinckney Downey Bowles is a native of South Carolina, and
was born in Edgefield District, date of birth I do not know, but
even at this date, 1891, he is not an old man. He read law
with General Sam. McGowan. He received his educational
training at the Citadel, in Charleston, and at the University of
Virginia. He went to Alabama in 1859, and into the office of
Honorable James A. Stallworth, whose father also was a native
of Edgefield. He remained in Mr. Stallworth’s office until the
beginning of the war. In 1860 he was elected Colonel of the
Twenty-eighth Alabama Militia, and Second Lieutenant in the
Conecuh Guards. In January, 1861, he went with his com-
pany to Pensacola, Florida. When they returned home, upon
re-organization, he was elected Captain and went as such with
the company to Virginia. He soon became Colonel of the
regiment, and was its brave and faithful commander during
almost the whole of the war. He led his regiment into nearly
170 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

all the battles fought in Virginia. They fought at the First
Battle of Manassas, under General Bee. They were in the
battles of Seven Pines, Cold Harbor, Malvern Hill, Second
Manassas, Boonesboro, Sharpsburg, Fredericksburg, and
Suffolk. They were in the invasion of Pennsylvania and in
the awful conflict at Gettysburg. They went with Longstreet
to reinforce Bragg in North Georgia, returned by Knoxville
through East Tennessee, rejoined the army of Virginia, and
fought in the battles of the Wilderness and Spottsylvania.
Again, they were engaged at Second Cold Harbor, and lay for
ten months behind the defences of Petersburg, sharing in all
the movements and assaults of that..period. At. last crippled,
broken, depleted by death and wounds and sickness, they, the
remnant of the Regiment, Fourth Alabama, surrendered at
Appomattox two hundred and two men. Throughout all this
period Colonel Bowles was always at the head of his regiment,
with only one respite for a little while, in February, 1863,
when he went home to be married to Miss Stearns, daughter
of Judge Stearns. ‘Towards the close of the war he was acting
as Brigadier, having command of five regiments; though, in
fact, he never received a commission as Brigadier.

When he returned home he had fifty cents in his pocket, but
he immediately resumed the practice of the law and did well.
In 1866 he was elected County Solicitor for Conecuh County,
which position he held for a long time. His home was at
Evergreen in 1881. Whether he is now living, 1891, I do not
know.
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 171

XIX.

We may as well continue our biographical sketches of the
eminent men of Edgefield at this place, but we will study some
of the eminent civilians of the county, as the heart grows weary
when it dwells too long upon the deeds of fighting heroes and
fields of blood. The names of the men of whom we now pro-
pose to write will not be taken in exact chronological order;
but that will make no difference in detached historical sketches.
When we are through with these biographies, the idea then is
to make the narrative more continuous until after the close of
the War of Secession.

We will take up first on the roll of illustrious civilians the
name of Andrew Pickens Butler, who has already been briefly
mentioned in a notice of his father, General William Butler.
Judge Butler was born on the 19th of November, 1796, and
died the 25th of May, 1857. He was educated first in the
primary schools in the neighborhood where he was born. He
then went to the celebrated Willington School, in Abbeville
District, kept by the great teacher, Dr. Waddell. In December,
1817, he graduated from the South Carolina College. He
then read law and was admitted to practice in December, 1818.
He first settled in Columbia; but after the death of his brother
George, he removed to Edgefield, and there, in partnership
first with General Waddy Thompson and afterwards with
Nathan L. Griffin, he had a lucrative practice. He had also
a large practice at Urangeburg, Barnwell, and Newberry. In
1824 he became one of the aides of Governor Manning, and as
such, was one of the brilliant cortege which attended General
Lafayette on his visit to the State in 1825. From 1824 to the
close of 1833, he was in the House of Representatives, or in
the Senate, from Edgefield. He was one of the committee in
1827-28 charged to inquire whether Judge James should be
removed from the bench. Judge James was an old Revolution-
ary soldier, and the charge against him was incompetency arising
from the excessive use of intoxicating drinks. He was found
guilty and removed from the bench; but the Senate and the
whole House were in tears when the sentence was pronounced.
172 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

In 1833 Butler was elected one of the Circuit Judges, and
held his first court in Charleston, in January, 1834. He was
made Judge to fill the vacancy occasioned by the death of
Judge W. D. Martin. He was elected to the United States
Senate in 1846, having filled the office of Judge for thirteen
years. In the year 1847, ona trip by steamer from Charles-
ton to Wilmington, there came an awful storm, and while it.
raged with tremendous violence, the vessel became an unman-
ageable hulk. The captain gave up as lost. This fact was
communicated to Judge Butler, when he desired that the pas-
sengers and all on board should be called forward. He then
stated to them the sad fate which appeared to be the inevitable
doom of all, and desired that each and every one should be
made known to one another, so that if ever any one reached
the land, he, she, or they might state the fate of the others.
An elderly negro woman, the stewardess, then said: ‘‘Old
Marster, this is no time for introductions, you had better
pray.’’ He said: “I cannot, but, old lady, if you can pray,
do so.’’ She instantly knelt down and poured out a fervent
prayer. Almost as soon as she ceased the lights from the
steamer sent out from Wilmington in search of them, as they
were twenty-four hours over time, were seen bearing down to
the rescue. The boat and all were saved. His sister, Mrs.
Thompson, who was a member of the Baptist Church, remarked
to the Judge, after he had narrated the circumstances to her:
‘Brother Pickens, it was that old woman’s prayer which
saved you.”’

Judge Butler began his duties as Senator in 1847, and was
continued Senator until the close of the extra session in March,
1857, when he returned home in ill health, lingered until
the May following, when he died.

Judge O’Neall, in his ‘‘Sketches of the Bench and Bar of
South Carolina,’’ 1859, closes his notice of Judge Butler in
these words: ‘‘In 1850, when Secession burst upon South
Carolina, Judge Butler did not favor it—he was for a Southern
Congress; and, in 1851 and 1852, he met the issue and South
Carolina sustained him.’’

Judge Butler was married twice. His first wife, Susan Ann
Simkins, the second daughter of Colonel Eldred Simkins, in a
few months after her marriage, he followed to the tomb. His
‘HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. : 173

second wife, Miss Harriet Hayne, the daughter of Wm.

Edward Hayne, Esq., of Charleston, he, soon after the birth of
their only child, Mrs. Haigood, of Barnwell, saw languish and
die. He ever after lived a widower. His mother and sister
took charge of his lonely child. At his house was seen the
venerable face of his mother as its mistress—her unexampled
fortitude and cheerfulness sustained him in the dark hours of
sorrow for the loss of wife, brothers, and sister.

But I must pause. You all, my readers, knew Judge Butler.
You have often joined in his merry laugh—you all remember
his florid face, his head of snow, his dancing eyes, and his
manly form. But you do not all know that which distin-
guished him more than most men, his kind heart, Noman
was ever more devoted than he was to his mother, his child,
his sister, and brothers—no one ever was a truer friend.
Distress never sought him in vain. He despised a mean
action, and the rod of cruelty and oppression he was ever ready
to turn aside. He pitied more than he despised his enemies.
He was a just, honest, good man in all the relations of private
life. In public life he aimed to do right, and he sustained his
purposes by well directed actionsand words. He was not what
may be called an eloquent man, but he thought right, and he
spoke as he thought. Sometimes, and indeed often, he gave
utterance to sublime thoughts in impassioned eloquence.

This able servant of the people is no more! He has been
called away when few were prepared for it. His well spent
life will be his epitaph, and entitles him to live in the memories
of us all.

“Statesman, yet friend to truth! Of soul sincere;
In action faithful, and in honor clear;

Who broke no promise, served no private end;
Who gained no title, and who lost no friend.
Ennobled by Ltimself, by all approved;

Praised, wept, and honored by Aim he loved.”’

The compiler of this history may here be permitted to say
that he sometimes met Judge Butler, and onee had the honor
to give him the address of welcome at a public dinner prepared
in his honor at Mount Enon, a place midway between the birth
place of his mother on Saluda, and his own ancestral home on
Big Creek. This was in the year 1854. Hewas then Senator,
174 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

and the dinner and reception were tendered him by his old
friends and neighbors.

JOHN F. GRIMKE.

John F. Grimke was a Revolutionary soldier and officer. He
was born December 16th, 1752; died at Long Branch, N. J.,
August oth, 1819. Mr. Grimke was made one of the Law
Judges, March 20th, 1783. He was a member of the Legisla-
ture at the time and Speaker of the House of Representatives
from March, 1785, to March, 1786, there being at that time
no hindrance, either by law or custom, to a person’s holding
these two offices at the same time. He was not popular as a
Judge, nor, perhaps, as a man, as he was of a stern, unbend-
ing, unsocial, uncompromising character.

The following incident is given because the facts occurred
at Edgefield Court. House. I quote from Judge O’Neall’s
“Bench and Bar’’:

‘In the spring of 1815 I first attended Edgefield Court.
The dockets were enormous. My late friend, Solicitor Starke,
presented forty bills of indictment for every grade of offence,
from assault and battery to murder. Thirty-nine were found
true. Many convictions followed. One of the Edgefield
rowdies of the time looking on at the scene, swore it was no
place for him. ‘For,’ said he, ‘Starke holds and Grimke skins.’
Upon the issue docket there were more than two hundred
cases. In the second week of the term, the late General
Glascock proposed to give a dinner to the Judge and Bar. A
civil action for assault and battery was to be tried; there were
seven speeches to be made, one for the plaintiff and six for the
defendant, (for at that time the rule did not exist which
limits two speeches to a side). It was well known that if they
all spoke as long as they could that the dinner could not be ate.
It was therefore proposed and agreed that each of the lawyers
for the defendant should speak fifteen minutes by the Judge’s
watch. It was accordingly laid down, and as each progressed
to the limit, the Judge said: ‘Your time is out,’ and he ceased.
At last, Mr. Bacon, who was closing for the defendant, and
who was blessed with as fine an elocution as I ever heard, had
scarcely finished his exordium, when the Judge said: ‘Mr.
Bacon, your time is out.’ Mr. Bacon, instead of yielding, as
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 175

good taste would have directed, said: ‘I claim-the right! which
every citizen has to be heard by his counsel.’ ‘Very well,’
said the Judge, ‘we will leave it to the jury.’ A stout man
rose and said: ‘‘May it please your Honor, we have been tired
of their clack for this hour.’ This ended the contest.’’

Solicitor Robert Starke, born near Petersburg, Virginia,
January roth, 1762, mentioned above, though never residing
in Edgefield, yet was Solicitor of the Southern Circuit, of
which Edgefield formed a part, from December, 1806, to
December, 1820. He was an able lawyer, and in his office, a
terror to evil doers.

JUDGE RICHARD GANTT.

This good man, good lawyer, and merciful and just Judge,
once made his home and practiced law at Edgefield Court
House. He was born in Prince George County, Maryland.
August 2nd, 1767, and died October 18th, 1850. He married
Miss Sarah Allen in Augusta, Ga., about the year 1794, he
having resided in Georgia two or three years previous to the
marriage. His estimable wife died November 17th, 1848, a
little less than two years before his own death. Few couples
are so blest as to live a greater number of years together. He
was admitted to practice in Charleston, S. C.,in 1794, and set-
tled at Edgefield the same year. His eldest son, Thomas J.,
was born at Edgefield in 1795. He was eminently successful as
alawyer. He waselected Clerk of the House of Representatives
in 1804, which position he held until 1818, when he was elected
Judge. Generally as Judge he leaned to mercy’s side, and
was disposed to favor prisoners—except in cases of homicide
accompanied with circumstances of cruelty, when his whole
nature revolted and carried him against the prisoner. He
resigned as Judge in 1841, and the Legislature presented him
with a year’s salary. Very complimentary resolutions were
_passed on the occasion, moved by Mr. Albert Rhett, in the
House, and agreed to by the Senate.

JUDGE WILLIAM D. MARTIN.

William D. Martin, of the Martins of Martintown, was born
at Martintown, in Edgefield County, on the 2nd of October,
1789. He received a good academical education and read law
176 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

at Edgefield wit1 Mr. Edmund Bacon, by whose assistance he
was enabled to attend a course of Law Lectures at Litchfield,
Connecticut. He married at Edgefield Court House on the
28th .day of May, 1811, Miss Henrietta Williamson, the
daughter of Dr, Peter Williamson, .a distinguished physician,
and who had been a Revolutionary soldier. He was admitted
to the Bar the 27th of November following, and became the
partner of Mr. Edmund Bacon, and the principal management
of a large and lucrative practice fell into his hands. Ina few
years he removed to Coosawhatchie, and was elected a member
of the House of Representatives from St. Luke's Parish, in
1816. After the death of Benjamin C. Yancey, Chairman of
the Judiciary Committee of the House, Mr. Martin, in 1818,
was elected Chairman by the committee. He was elected
Clerk of the Senate November 23rd, 1818, which office he
filled until 1826—eight years—when he was sent asa Repre-
sentative to Congress. His wife died July 13th, 1824, leaving
four children. After her death he removed to Barnwell.
After he was sent to Congress he married the second time,
choosing for his companion Miss Dorsey, daughter of Judge
Dorsey, of the Supreme Bench of Maryland. In December,
1830, he was elected one of the Circuit Court Law Judges,
when he removed to Columbia, in which city he made his
home until his death, which occurred on the 16th of Novem-
ber, 1833. On his way home from court at Harry Fall, term
of 1833, he retired to rest at Jones’ Hotel, in Charleston, and
the next morning he was found dead.

He was a good judge of law, and his decisions, many of
which were reviewed by the Court of Appeals, generally
received the approbation of that court. A larger account of the
Martin family will be given before we close.

JUDGE EPHRAIM RAMSAY.

Mr. Ramsay was an eloquent and distinguished lawyer
residing at Ninety-Six, when on the roth of December, 1799,
he was elected Judge. He served as Judge something less
than two years, dying in 1801. He died at Silver Bluff, in
Beech Island, a place afterwards owned by Governor James H.
Hammond. This place he had bought in company with his
brother-in-law, Major Charles Goodwyn. Mr. Goodwyn and
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 177

himself married sisters, the daughters of General Andrew
Williamson, of Ninety-Six.

They bought Silver Bluff from Thomas Galphin, son of the
celebrated Indian trader, George Galphin, who was so success-
ful in outdreaming an Indian Chief, with whom he had many
dealings. Silver Bluff was his great trading station, at which
he lived and died. He built there the first brick house ever
built in the back country. It was used as a fort during the
Revolutionary War, and was sometimes in the hands of one
party and sometimes in the hands of the other. Its gables
showed for nearly a hundred years, and perhaps show yet, the
holes of a cannon ball shot clearthrough. In this house Judge
Ramsay died, but no stone marks his resting place, and the
identical spot where he lies cannot be pointed out, though the
graveyard itself is still known.

It was at this place that George Galphin, the great Indian
trader, was visited by one of the principal Indian Chiefs from
beyond the Savannah, when that dreaming match took place,
in which the Chief was so badly beaten. Next morning after
the Chief’s arrival on a friendly visit, as he and Mr. Galphin
were walking around and looking at the buildings, improve-
ments, and the landscape generally, the Chief suddenly stood
still, and looking at Mr. Galphin, said: ‘‘Mr. Galphin, me
dream last night.’’ ‘‘And what did my red brother dreaim?’’
‘‘Me dream you give mea fine rifle.’’ ‘If you dream it, you
must have it,’’ and the rifle was handed over at once. Next
morning, as they were walking around again, Mr. Galphin

suddenly said to the Chief: ‘‘I dreamed last night.’? ‘‘What
you dream?’ ‘‘I dreamed you gave me your fine Chickasaw
stallion.’”? ‘“‘If you dream um, you must have um,’’ and the
horse was given to Mr. Galphin. The next morning it was
the Chief’s turn, and he said: “I dream last night.” “And
what did my red brother dream last night?’ ‘‘I dream you
gave me the red coat you wear and much calico.”’ ‘‘If you

dream it, you must have it;’’ and the coat and calico were
handed over to the Chief. Next morning it was Mr. Galphin’s
turn: ‘‘I dreamed last night,’’ he said to the Indian, ‘‘a very
beautiful and wonderful and most delightful dream; O, it
was so happy.’’ ‘‘What my white brother dream now?”’ said
the somewhat astonished Chief. ‘“‘I dreamed you gave me
178 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

ten miles around the Ogeechee Old Town.”’ ‘‘Wugh!’’ said
the Chief, wio by this time was becoming very much disgus-
ted with the game of dreaming, as he was decidedly getting
the worst of it. ‘‘Wugh! if you dream um, you must have
um, but I dream with you no more.’’ Poor fellows! they have
dreamed all their lands away, and the happy hunting grounds
of the West, of which they also once so fondly dreamed, have
vanished with their homes in the East.

JAMES J. CALDWELL.

This very able and excellent man made his home at Edge-
field during the year 1819, as teacher and principal of the
Edgefield Academy. He was a native of Newberry, and was
prepared for the South Carolina College at the celebrated
Mount Bethel Academy, then under the care of Mr. Elisha
Hammond, father of Governor James H. Hammond. He
entered the Junior Class of South Carolina College in Decém-
ber, 1815, and graduated in 1817. After teaching one year at
Edgefield he returned to Newberry and read law with Judge
O’Neall, who was then in practice at that place. He was
admitted to the bar in 1821; in 1830 he was sent to the Legis-
lature; in 1835 he was elected Solicitor, the duties of which
office he discharged until 1846, when he was elected Chancellor
in place of Chancellor Johnson, who was elected Governor.
Some years before he was elected Chancellor he had removed
to Columbia, in which city he died in the early part of March,
1850, in the fifty-second year of his age.

This writer never knew Chancellor Caldwell, but he was
very highly esteemed by his father, who was a school-mate of
his for a time at Mount Bethel; and he, too, completed his
academical course of study and also his school life at that
academy, in May, 18:5. ‘The present writer has now in his
possession, in the handwrite of Mr. Elisha Hammond, the
certificate, dated May 6th, 1815, of the proficiency of John
Chapman in surveying, which branch of mathematics he had
made a special study, in order to prepare himself for the duties
of a surveyor.

I never saw Chancellor Caldwell, but I knew his son,
Howard H. Caldwell, who died too soon; and I have long
known another son, J. F. J. Caldwell, whom I am glad to have
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 17Gr"

on my list of friends. His contribution to the history of the
late war I consider very valuable.

JOHN S. JETER, SOLICITOR.

Mr. Jeter was born about seven miles south of Edgefield
Court House, on the 20th of June, 1779. Edgefield was then
part of the District of Ninety-Six. He was educated at Dr.
Waddell’s School at Willington, in Abbeville County. He read
law with Abram J. Dozier, at Cambridge, and was admitted to.
practice in Columbia in 1811. He practiced at Edgefield with
good success. In 1814 he was married to Miss Sabra Simkins,
daughter of John Simkins, Esq. In December, 1824, he was
elected Solicitor of the Southern Circuit, and in 1820 he was.
re-elected. In December, 1828, the State was divided into
five instead of six circuits, and Edgefield and Newberry,
which were part of the Southern Circuit, were thrown into the
Western, of which Mr. Earle was Solicitor, and Mr. Jeter’s.
solicitorship ceased.

He was a good Solicitor, making no fuss nor parade, but
working faithfully for the dispatch of business. He served as
amember of the House of Representatives, and was elected
Senator in 1838, and again in 1841. At the next election, in
1846, he was not a candidate, and Nathan L. Griffin was
elected to succeed him.

He died April r4th, 1847. Two daughters survived, one
Sarah, wife of Mr. Harris, who removed to Columbia; and.
Caroline, the wife of Rev. Mr. Walker, a minister in the
Episcopal Church.

EDMUND BACON,

Edmund Bacon, one of the most brilliant members of the
Bar Edgefield ever had, was a native of Georgia, born at
Augusta on the 17th of April, 1776. His father was a Vir-
ginian, but he had removed to Georgia sometime before the
great struggle between the colonies and the mother country
began. He was left an orphan at an early age by the ceath of
his father; but his guardian, General Glascock, who was also
his brother-in-law, did not neglect his duty, but placed him at
one of the best schools in the State, and afterwards at the first.
academy in Augusta. His taste led him to the study ot the
ancient classics, to letters and to polite learning, with a de--
180 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

cided repugnance to the study of a profession. In this he was
encouraged, perhaps unwisely, by his guardian, as his fortune
was not very large. But a circumstance, altogether unlooked
for and unexpected, caused him to choose the profession of the
law as his calling for life. Early in the year 1791 General
Washington took his Southern tour, and in May paid a visit
to Augusta. All the beauty and chivalry of the city was
collected to receive and honor the hero, Mr. Bacon, young as
he was, only about fifteen, was chosen by the academy of
which he was a member, to give the address of welcome on
the occasion. This delicate and honorable task was so well
performed that it attracted the special notice and attention of
the great man, and induced him to give the youthful orator a
handsome present of several law books. This decided his
future calling, and with thé consent of his guardian he entered
the then celebrated Law School of Litchfield, Connecticut,
where he industriously applied himself and graduated with
honor.

After graduation he settled at Savannah, in which city he
was very successful. He was here induced to undertake the
management and settlement of the estate of General Greene.
This labor he did well; but his health, which had begun to
fail before, had by this time failed so much that he thought it
prudent to retire, at least for a time, from his profession. To
this end he purchased a plantation on Beech Island, on the
Savannah river, in which pleasant spot he hoped to regain his
health and pass his time in those literary pursuits, which were
most congenial to his tastes. This dream was rudely broken
and dispelled. His house was destroyed by fire; his farming in-
terests were neglected by his overseer, who was the only gainer
by his farming investment. He was compelled to resume the
practice of the law. This he did at Edgefield Court House.
He here built him a handsome dwelling house, into which he
moved, but which he did not occupy a great while before it
too was consumed by fire. In this fire he lost his whole
library, including the books which had been presented to him
by Washington. It was also with great difficulty that his
infant child was saved from the conflagration. He rebuilt
near the same place, resumed the practice of his profession and
soon became eminent at the bar.
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 181

He was married to Eliza Fox at Augusta, Ga:, January 29,
1797. He left at his death four children, John, Edmund,
Sarah, and Thomas. Thomas, who was so long Clerk of the
Court at-Edgefield,.is the only .one.this writer-ever knew.

Dr. Laborde once a Professor in the South Carolina College
thus writes of Mr. Bacon: ‘‘Between the years 1822 and 1825
I was a law student in the office of Messrs Simkins and
McDuffie; and Mr. Bacon being there in the practice of his
profession, it was my fortune to witness the happiest efforts
which he made during this period at the Bar of Edgefield. * *
His natural endowments were extraordinary. His person was
commanding, his face and head uncommonly fine, his voice
chorded musical, and of wonderful power. His style of
speaking was highly finished, and I think Iam justified in
saying, that, as.a model.of graceful and eloquent elocution,
the Edgefield Bar cannot present another entitled to equal
praise. Let it not be supposed, however, that his merit was
that of a mere rhetorician. When the occasion demanded it,
no one exhibited a livelier sensibility or a deeper feeling; or
was more apt to awaken a sympathetic emotion in the bosoms
of others.

“T remember when quite a boy that I was much moved by a
speech from him in behalf of a man who was on trial for his
life. His whole soul seemed melted by compassion—the
tears were flowing freely down his face, and he urged the
acquital of the unfortunate man, with a natural earnestness
and eloquence which touched every heart. His appeals to
the sympathies of the jury were those of a man who was
pleading for his own life; and when, after sketching most
touchingly, the picture of human passion and infirmity, the
sad heritage of the man—he called upon every member of the
jury to adopt for himself the sentiment of the Universal
Prayer.

‘Teach me to feel another’s woe,
To hide the fault I see,

That mercy I to others show,
That mercy show to me.’

“The effect was electric, and all could see that the prisoner
was soon to be restored to his family and friends.”’
182 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

JOHN DUNLAP.

He was admitted to the Bar in Charleston, January 26th,
2795. His home was at Ninety-Six, but he practiced at
“Edgefield and in all the adjoining counties. His reputation as
«an advocate was very fine, but his life was short. He married
Miss Anne Gedder of Charleston. He died and left no children.

His brother, Major Wiiliam Dunlap, of Laurens, was one of
“Colonel Hays’ party who were captured by Major William
‘Cunningham in his celebrated bloody raid in October, 1781,
when Hays and the most-of his party were put to death,
William Dunlap was spa-ed, and when discharged by Cun-
mingham the next morning at Odell’s Mills on Beaver Dam
Creek, he was covered with the b'o0d and brains of his slain
companions.

ABRAHAM GILES DOZIER

Was another of those old-tim2 lawyers whose home? was at
“Ninety-Six, but who practiced at Edgefield and in the ad-
joining districts. H2was admittel tothe Bar in 1798. He
had a large practice at Edgefield, a:id was very successful. He
died at-his home at Ninety-Six of the great epidemic in 1816,
which killed so many, at least on2-tenth of the whole popula-
tion of Edgefield, Abbeville, Newberry, and Laurens. Ninety-
“Six, as the most of my readers well know, was a place of great
“importance in the early days of the settlement of the middle
-and upper country, and was the capital and county seat of a
‘large territory of country previous to the Revolution and down
‘to te year 1785, when the district was divided. It was the
~centre of rich farming lands, and men most eminent for intel-
ligence and learning in the upper country, naturally made
Ninety-Six a social centre. Hence we find it, for a good many
“years after the Revolution the home of some of the leading
auen of the State.

CHARLES GOODWYN

Was another lawyer of the early times who made his home
at Ninety-Six. He was-an Englishman, and was admitted to
the bar in Charleston, May 28th, 1784. He practiced much
in the county courts and was very successful. He married
one of the daughters of General Andrew Williamson. Judge
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 183

Ephraim Ramsay, of Ninety-Six, married General William-
son’s other daughter, and he and Mr. Goodwyn together
bought Silver Bluff, on Beech Island, an unfortunate specula-
tion, as the debt they made in buying it was too heavy for’
them to carry. Mr. Goodwyn left descendants in Edgefield,
and some are still living in the town and county.

JOHN S. GLASCOCK

Was born near Augusta, Ga., April 18th, 1788, of Virginia
extraction—read law at Edgefield under Edmund Bacon, and
was admitted to practice in 1811. Previous to his admission
to practice law he married in 1810 Miss Eliza Simkins,
daughter of Johu Simkins, Esq. He was a member of the
House of Representatives—elected first in 1820 and again in
1822. At the time of his death in 1822, he was State Senator
and Major General of the First Division of South Carolina
Militia. He was very successful as a lawyer, and was a very
genial and popular man. His death was caused by a wound
through the hand from the accidental discharge of a gun while
hunting game. This produced lockjaw, which resulted in
death. He was an ardent lover of field sports and of the fox
chase. Dr. Laborde says of him that ‘‘he rode the noblest
horse in the upper country, and his large pack of fox dogs
would excite the envy of an English nobleman.’’ Dr. Laborde
says he saw him die—‘‘the was dying of lockjaw and his lovely
wife was near by in the last stage of consumption. Their
weeping little ones were around them, and it was apparent

‘that in a few short days of fleeting hours both parents were to
be committed to the tomb and their happy home made desolate.
And soit was. ‘They died within the same week, and their
bodies were buried in the Baptist Church yard of the village.
The house passed into the hands of strangers, the children
were distributed among their relations, and he who but ashort
time before, filled so large a space in the community of that
intelligent district, like the whole family of the dead, (with
fewest exceptions) soon ceased to be remembered.”’

NATHAN LIPSCOMB GRIFFIN.
Though not a native of Edgefield, yet Mr. Griffin lived at

the Court House all his active business life, and was identified
with the growth and prosperity of the town and county. He
184 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

was born in Abbeville County, near White Hall, February
gth, 1803. He began the reading of law in the office of Judge
Whitner at Ninety-Six, but in 1823 he removed to Edgefield
and completed his studies with A. P. Butler. He was admit-
ted to practice in the fall of 1824, and immediately opened an
office at Edgefield. In May, 1825, he was married to Miss
Anna Butler, daughter of Stanmore Butler, Esq. In 1826 he
became a partner of A. P. Butler, and continued with him
until Mr. Butler was elected one of the Law Judges of the
State. He soon afterwards formed a partnership with Mr.
Armisted Burt, which partnership was discontinned by
Mr. Burt’s election to the Congress of the United States.
This was the last of his partnerships. Ever afterwards he
practiced alone, and became an eminently successful lawyer.
Never remarkable for eloquence or brilliance of elocution, he
was a hardworking, studious, and industrious lawyer. In 1838
he was elected to the House of Representatives. In 1846 he
was elected Senator, and in 1850 he was re-elected. He united
with the Baptist Church in 1831; and was an earnest Christian
and ardent teetotaller for many years. He was a man of
whom it may be truthfully said that he faithfully discharged
every duty of life in every sphere to which he was called.

He died on 16th February, 1853, having just passed by one
week into his fifty-first year. He left a widow and eight
children.

GEORGE McDUFFIE.

This great man was a native of Georgia. His father was
John McDuffie, a poor, hard working man, and a blacksmith
by trade and occupation. The date of Mr. McDuffie’s birth I
am not able to give, but it was about or sometime during the ..
year 1788. He first started in life as aclerk in the store of
Mr. James Calhoun, in Augusta, Ga. This gentleman soon-
noticed that he was a lad of remarkable ability, and he men-
tioned the fact to his brother, William Calhoun, of Abbeville.
Mr. William Calhoun soon afterwards proposed to board and
educate him at the then celebrated school at Willington, kept
by Dr. Waddell. He accordingly took him into his own
family and sent him to the school, in the near neighborhood of
which he lived. At this school McDuffie soon went ahead of
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 185

all competition, and was quickly prepared for college. He
entered the Junior Class- of the South Carolina College in
December, 1811, and was very soon recognized as the first man
in it.

After his graduation he read law from December, 1813, to
May, 1814, when he was admitted to practice in both law and
equity. Avery short course of reading truly; and there is little
wonder that he did nothing at Pendleton, at which place he
first settled. In December, 1814, he was a candidate for
Solicitor of the Western Circuit, but he was not elected. Soon
after this he became a partner of Eldred Simkins, Esq., at
Edgefield Court House. Mr. Simkins had a large practice
and a good library. By this fortunate connection, McDuffie’s
rise was rapid,‘so rapid as .to be without.parallel.. By Mr.
Simkins he was introduced into the best society. In a cele-
brated case at Abbeville, called the James Land case, he was
successful, and in the Court of Appeals he showed that he was
able to grasp and understand the most involved intricacies of
law. The people of Edgefield elected him to the Legislature
in October, 1818, and in that sphere of action he showed his
great abilities, both as an orator and as a man of business.
The same year he was elected one of the trustees of the South
Carolina College. In October, 1820, the people of Edgefield
and Abbeville elected him as their Representative in Congress.
Here he showed his great abilities as an orator and debater.
During nearly the whole time of his service as a member of
Congress the protective tariff was the great subject of debate,
and convulsed not only the halls of Congress, but the whole
country from end to end. Mr. McDuffie was an ardent nulli-
fier, and threw himself into the thick of the fight with his
whole soul. He favored the.Ordinance of. Nullification as
passed by the Convention of South Carolina. The storm was
lulled after awhile by the introduction of Mr. Clay’s compro-
mise measures, to which McDuffie gave a reluctant assent.

In December, 1834, he was elected Governor of the State,
and while Governor, as President of the Board of Trustees of
the South Carolina College, he did much to raise that institu-
tion from a languishing to a prosperous condition. At the
expiration of his term as Governar he retired to private life,
which retirement he was permitted to enjoy for about six
186 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

years. He wes then, in 1842, elected to the Senate of
the United States. At this time his health was very
feeble, but he was still able to do good service as Senator,
especially in the advocacy of the annexation of Texas. At the
close of the session of 1846 he resigned his seat, feeling that
his health was too bad for him to try toserve any longer. He
lingered a few years, until the spring of 1851, when he passed
away.

Mr. McDufhe married, in 1829, Miss Singleton, who left
him a widower with one child, a daughter, in 1830. This
daughter afterwards became the wife of Wade Hampton.

About the year 1820, Mr. McDuffie unfortunately became
involved in a duel with Colonel Cumming, in which he was
wounded, and from which wound he never entirely recovered,
though he lived for thirty years after it was received.

The protective tariff, for the suppression of which he fought so
long and well, still rules the country, in spite of its unconstitu-
tionality; in spite of the fact that it isa great wrong to the
cultivators of the soil; and in spite of the fact that it is robbery
to tax one industry and make it pay for the support of another.
The great American system is. one of the strongest evidences
possible to be produced of the corrupting and debasing influ-
ence of money. The /ove of money Zs the root of all evil.
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 187

XX.
THOMAS H. POPE.

Mr. Pope was born in Edgefield, but passed the latter part
of his life and the most active business part in the County of
Newberry, though he never entirely deserted Edgefield. He
was the eldest son of Sampson Pope and his wife, Sarah
Strother, Virginians by family descent, and was born Novem-
ber 12th, 1803. He was educated mainly in his native county,
but, for a short time, was in Vale Collere. He read law with
Judge O’Neall; was, admitted to practice in 1825, and first
settled at Edgefield Court House. In January, 1830, he was
married to Miss Harrington, the second daughter of Young
John Harrington, of Newberry, and in 1832 he moved to that
place.

He was very successful as a lawyer and hada large and lucra-
tive practice. He never neglected the business interests of a
client, but made a client’s business his own.

He was elected Commissioner in Equity in 1836. He served
until 1840, when he resigned. In 1840 he was elected to the
Legislature as Representative—served two years. He was
opposed to the Bank of the State; was a warm and earnest
friend of the Greenville and Columbia Railroad, the charter of
which he did much to secure. His life was very busy, active,
and useful. He died of typhoid pneumonia on February 4th,
1851, in his 48th year. He left surviving him several sons
and one daughter. Of his sons three are now living—VYoung
John, an eminent lawyer and Attorney General of the State—
Associate Justice, has been State Senator; Sampson, practicing
physician at Newberry and Clerk of the Senate; David
Strother, physician at the Penitentiary. The daughter is
still living (1891).

It would make this work too large, were I to say all that
might be said, and all that I would be glad to say of the many
worthy men and women that must be mentioned. Sometimes
it is very difficult to-condense, and to give at the same time, a
vivid and life-like picture of persons, places, and events. Let
the reader, then, accept this apology once for all, for any
188 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

meagerness he may find in any sketches in this book. Many
persons of whom I write and shall write are friends, relatives,
and connections. Many, in both Edgefield and Newberry, are
relations and connections, and all are friends, I hope.

ELDRED SIMKINS.

There are few names that shine with a purer and better
lustre; and few more deserving of honor by the people of
Edgefield and of the State than that of Simkins.

Arthur Simkins, the father of Eldred, was one of the earliest
settlers in Edgefield District. He came from the Eastern
Shore of Virginia and first went to the region of the Santee,
but becoming dissatisfied in a short time with that region, he
went on to the less frequented forest of the Savannah side of
the State. After several years of observation he settled on
Log Creek. The place he settled was known for a long time,
and may be still remembered by some older person as the
“Cedar Fields.’’? The writer of this has a feeling that many
years ago he heard the place spoken of by that name. It was
at the Cedar Fields that Arthur Simkins lived and died. He
was County Judge under the old system and was regarded by
all who knew him as a man of sterling worth, and as a model
of honesty and uprightness.

When the Revolution broke out and the war for Independ-
ence began he took the side of Independence, and at an early
period of the war the Tories burned his dwelling house, then
one of the few large houses in the up-country, besides harrow-
ing and harrassing him in every other way incident toa state
of civil war.

After the war he was a member of the General Assembly
and of the Convention which had been called to consider the
adoption of the Constitution of the*UnitedStates. He voted
against the adoption, as did nearly all the delegates from
Ninety-Six District. The Act passed .by.the Legislature - for
calling the Convention to consider the adoption of the Consti-
tution of the United States was very nearly defeated. General
Sumter and General Pickens were both opposed to the Consti-
tution on the ground that it took too much power from the
State and made the General Government too consolidated.
Arthur Simkins agreed with them.
“-. HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. ~ 489

Mr. Simkins remained a member of the General Assembly
for many years. He died in 1826, wealthy, honored, and
respected, having done his duty as a man and citizen.

Eldred Simkins was the youngest son of Arthur, and was
born during the Revolutionary war, August 29th, 1779. It
is said that he was sent at an early age to the famous Academy
of Dr. Moses Waddell, at Willington in the County or District
of Abbeville, where he was thoroughly taught in all the fun-
damental branches of education and became a proficient in
studies of a higher grade, especially Latin; that then he was
sent to the Law School at Litchfield, Connecticut, where he
temained more than three years; afterwards read law under
Chancellor DeSaussure in Charleston, and was admitted to
practice law in Charleston, May 7th, 1805. There is surely
an error, or errors, in these statements somewhere. The school
at Willington was not established until the year 1804. Dr.
Waddell had been a teacher for some years, and had acquired
a great reputation asa teacher at Appling, in the State of
Georgia, and also at Vienna in Abbeville: County, before the
establishment of the school at Willington, and it must have
been at one of these places that Mr. Simkins was his pupil, for
that he was the pupil of Dr. Waddell is, I suppose, a well
established fact.

Soon after his admission to the Bar he began his professional
life at Edgefield. His practice soon became large and valuable,
as he prepared his cases with great care and was a thorough
practical business man.

In April, 1807, he married Eliza Hannah Smith, daughter
of Benijah Smith, and grand-daughter of Elijah Clarke, so
celebrated during the Revolutionary war. Colonel Pickens
describes her as a ‘‘beautiful woman, the sweetest and most
intertaining lady I ever saw. in any society.’’ Eldred Simkins
was more than once sent to the Legislature from Edgefield.

In 1816, when Mr. Calhoun became a member of President
Monroe’s Cabinet, Mr. Simkins was elected to Congress. Mr.
Edmund Bacon and General William Butler were also candi-
dates for Congress at the same election. Mr. Simkins was in
Congress four years; was an active and useful member, and,
especially distinguished himself in a speech he made on the
Missouri Compromise bill. At the end of four years’ service he
190 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

declined a re-election in favor of his friend. and law partner,
George McDuffie. After the election of Mr. McDuffie to
Congress Mr. Simkins took as his law partner Mr. Ford, who,
after a while, abandoned the law, became an Episcopal minis-
ter and pastor of a church in Augusta, Ga. In 1830 Mr. Sim-
kins formed a partnership with Colonel F. W. Pickens, from
which time he no longer attended closely to the business of
his profession. He died in 1832. In 1859 his daughters were
all dead, none leaving children except Mrs. Pickens. Three
sons were then living, but they, too, have long since passed
away. Arthur was for many years. the genial and popular
editor of the Edgefield Advertiser. Clarke this writer knew for
a little while at Mount Enon Academy, as far,back as the year
1835, with many other Edgefield youths. John, Lieutenant
Colonel of his Regiment, died a heroic death at Battery Wag-
ner, on Morris Island, on the night of July 18th, 1863. At.
about 9 o’clock he fell, pierced by a minnie ball through the
right lung. His name with a brief sketch appears in the
Annals of Newberry.

I transertbe it here, for John C. Simkins belonged to both
Edgefield and Newberry.

LIEUTENANT COLONEL JOHN C. SIMKINS,

Whose name appears upon the Monument at Newberry, as
one of the fallen soldiers of that county, was a son of Honorable
Eldred Simkins, and was born at Edgefield Court House on
the 11th day of March, 1827. Heattended school at Edgefield
and at Greenwood, S. C. He was nota graduate of any col-
lege or university; but, instead of continuing his studies at
school, though only about eighteen years of age at the com:
mencement of the Mexican War, he volunteered as a private
in Captain Brooks’ Company ‘‘D,’’ of the Palmetto Regiment.
During the campaign he was transferred to the Twelfth United
States Regular Infantry, and, as captain in that regiment,
distinguished himself at the battle of Churubusco, where he
received two wounds. He was recommended to the govern-
ment for a brevet ‘‘for gallant and meritorious conduct.’’ At
the close of the Mexican War he returned to civil life, that of
aplanter. In 1850 he married Rosalie, daughter of Judge
Wardlaw, of Abbeville, and continued to live in Edgefield
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. Ig!I

2

District until about a year before the war between the States,
when he bought from the Chappells a plantation in Newberry
District on the Saluda River, about a mile above Chappells
Depot. This plantation is part of what is known as Maxwell’s
Neck.

As soon as the State seceded and it was known that war was
inevitable, he was amongst the first to offer his services to
Governor Pickens. He was immediately appointed Captain in
the First South Carolina Regular Infantry. His regiment was
employed largely as artillery. As commander of Battery Bee,
on Sullivan’s Island, he did good service in the repulse of the
iron-clads in the naval attack on Charleston, April 7th, 1863,
when the Keokuk was sunk.

By successive promotions, he became Lieutenant Colonel of
his regiment. On the 16th of July, 1863, he, with three com-
panies of the regiment, Captains Haskell, Adams, and Tatum,
was ordered to Battery Wagner, our advance post on Morris
Island. Here he acted as Chief of Artillery, and he and his
devoted little band, without rest or sleep, stood under a terrific
bombardment until the night of July 18th, 1863, when the
enemy, in overwhelming numbers, landed and assaulted the
works. ‘They were repulsed with heavy loss. In-that night
assault, at about 9 o’clock, Colonel Simkins fell pierced through
the right lung by a minnie ball. Captains Haskell and Tatum
were also killed during that engagement, and Captain Adams
was severely wounded. Colonel Simkins was 36 years old at
the time of his death, and left a widow, four sons, and a daugh-
ter surviving. His widow died in 1891.

In his official relation, Colonel Simkins was strict, but just.
A born soldier, he was devoted to his profession. Although a
good disciplinarian, he was respected and beloved by his com-
rades. He was very modest and retiring, but warm-hearted,
frank, and true. His purity of heart was shown in his exceed-
ing fondness for children, whose company he would seek.

CHARLES MARTIN GRAY.

The following instructive biography has been placed in my
hands as good material for the history of Edgefield. I do not
think any reader will be sorry to find it here. I have been
informed that it was written by Joseph Abney, Esq.:
192 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

Charles Martin Gray was born at Edgefield Court House,
South Carolina, on the 3rd of December, A. D. 1800, and was
named after Charles Martin, a chivalrous and distinguished
lawyer of his day. He was the son of John Gray, Jr., for
many years a merchant at that place, and of Ridley M. Mims,
daughter of Drury Mims, who was supposed to be well tinc-
tured with native American blood, his father having been
descended from that stock, and his mother from the English.
Drury Mims, during the War of the Revolution, was an
ardent Whig and a daring soldier. John Gray, Jr., the father
of Charles M. Gray, was a Scotchman of full blood, born in
Edinburg, but immigrated to this country with his father,
John Gray, Sr., when a small boy. He had a large family by
his marriage with Ridley M...Mims, no-less than eleven in
number, and of those who lived to the years of maturity, only
three were boys. Allof hisdaughters had the happiness to con-
tract marriage with industrious, honorable, and thrifty men—
one of them, Elizabeth, marrying Dr. Chamberlain H. Good-
win, the son of Charles Goodwin, a lawyer ot eminence at Old
Cambridge, and the grandson, on the mother’s side, of General
Williamson, of Revolutionary fame.

Charles M. Gray was bound out at the age of thirteen years
to one Mr. Pugh, of Augusta, Georgia, for seven years, as an
apprentice at the trade of Fancy and Windsor Chair-making.
But the war having broken out between Great Britain and
America about this time, and the young apprentice having the
keenest military propensities, and the most ardent thirst for dis-
tinction as a soldier, as well as a natural love for the exciting ad-
ventures ofa soldier’s life, while one Captain Musgrove was rais-
ing a volunteer company inthe city of Augusta to march to the
defence of Savannah, bade adieu as he supposed forever to fancy
chair-making, attached himself to the command of the gallant
captain, and hastened off to rekindle his military zeal and his
love for glory, at the grave of Greene, and at the Monument
of Pulaski. But avarice in some is stronger than the love of
renown, or even the love of country. Mr. Pugh went in pur-
suit of this strippling warrior, and overtaking him at the Ogle-
thorpe Barracks, reclaimed him as his property, and carried
him back dejected and crest-fallen to Augusta, where he re-
mained busily plying his trade, until his master, about a year
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 193

afterwards, having failed in business, he was set at large, and
permitted to control his own actions. In obedience to his
natural proclivities, he again enlisted in the army, but this
time in the regular army, under Major James E. Dinkins.
His father hearing of it, hastened to the city, and, by virtue of
his parental authority, recognized by the United States, sued
out a writ of Aabeas corpus against Dinkins, and having re-
turned his enlistment bounty, demanded and obtained his
truant son, on the ground that he was a minor and under the
proper military age. His father then took him home and
entered him at school to Mr. Armstrong, famous in his day as
a teacher, and then employed as Principal of the Edgefield
Male Academy. But all the aspirations of our hero were for
the army, and the din of musketry was more pleasing to his
imagination than the noise and clatter of the school room.
His father having become perfectly aware of the bent of his
son’s mind, on the 24th day of April, A. D. 1819, suffered
him to re-enlist under Brevet Major David E. Twiggs, who
was then in Augusta on recruiting service. He was assigned
to Company A, Seventh Regiment, United States Army, and
continued a member, first and last, ten years. The term of
second enlistment of five years having expired, he was honor-
ably discharged, and made his way home on foot, which he
reached after traveling alone, camping out at night and cook-
ing his own meals, for thirty-four days, in which time he
walked a distance of nine hundred miles.

Long years of service in the army utterly unfitted him for
the life of a civilian, and for many years he was too much ad-
dicted to indulgence in artificial stimulants to be prosperous.
This bad habit too freely indulged during his enlistment, most
likely deprived him of all chance of promotion. Many amus-
ing instances might be related in illustrating the ingenuity dis-
played in procuring the desired stimulant, did space permit.
But one or two, as related by the old soldier himself, will
suffice: ‘‘On one occasion Major Twiggs commanded a party
of twenty-four men, who were borne in the gallant vessel
called the ‘Support;’ but it happened that myself constituted
one of the number. Before starting out on my journey, I kad
been well schooled by my chum, George Riley, and among
other commands was enjoined to procure for my mess a boun-
194 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

tiful supply of good liquor from John Cosby, the famous sutler
of Fort Gadsden. But 1 lacked that great desideratum, the
money, which was the ‘sine qua non’ with a soldier of our
command, who was to procure supplies and luxuries from the
sutler of a different corps. Genius then must supply the place
of gold and silver; and George Riley and myself, his hopeful
pupil, had no lack of that. The latter was dressed in the
ordinary uniform of a soldier, and had an overcoat supplied
with several more than the usual number of pockets. In each
of these was deposited a trusty ‘big bellied bottle’. One of
them was filled with water, and another of the exact form and
dimensions was entirely empty. When the gallant vessel ar-
rives at Fort Gadsden, I approached the sutler, handed him
the empty bottle, and requested him to fill it, which was done
inatrice. It is then carefully stowed away in my pocket; but
poor soldier as I was, I had no money, and beg for a little
credit. The hard-hearted sutler, having had many such appli-
cations made to him before, peremptorily refused to credit, and
demanded the bottle of whiskey to be returned. Without a
moment’s hesitation, it is done to all appearances, and with an
indignant imprecation; but, by an easy slight of hand, the
vessel containing the water is handed to the incorrigible John
C., Esq. It is emptied into the cask and returned to me to
my apparent disappointment and chagrin. But the trick was
too good not to be improved, and the same good bottles were
passed again and again to different members of the detail, who
all rejoiced in their own success as often as they tried the expe-
riment, until we had obtained excellent whiskey enough to
sustain my mess and colleagues in a royal spree.

“Major Twiggs, who was then opposed to drinking in his
command, observing me on my return from the direction of
the sutler’s, called me to him and ordered me to display my
bottle. With an air of innocence I handed him the empty bottle,
when he immediately excused me, uttering at the same time
the direst imprecations of what he had done, had it contained
whiskey.

‘‘Not long after the return of this party from the bay to
Fort Scott I approached my commanding officer, Major
Twiggs, for permission to purchase of the sutler a bottle of
whiskey, without stating the size. The application was
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 195

granted, and the needful order countersigned. On the faith.
thereof I hastened to the sutler’s with a bottle I had previously
obtained from the Surgeon or Apothecary, which, having been
used to hold acids and medicines in large quantities, was capa-
ble of containing at least one or more gallons of liquor. It
was, at any rate, bottle-shaped, and I had so thoroughly
studied my superior that I well knew no punishment would
result from the kind of prank I was about to practice. When
I had procured the liquor, therefore, I made no secret of it,
but slinging the huge vessel on my shoulder, passed directly
by the quarters of Major Twiggs. When the latter beheld me
as he walked to and fro along his little piazza he called me to
him and demanded of me the authority I had for purchasing
so much whiskey, and received the answer that it was derived
directly from him, as could be attested by the written order
itself. He then turned to Lieutenant Pierce M. Butler, who
was promenading with him and inquired if Edgefield was
composed of such men as Charles Martin Gray. Receiving an
affirmative reply, he good humoredly said that he knew the
devil must have his headquarters there, and beckoned me to
go on.”

Charles M. Gray was happily married to Ann Green on the
3rd of September, 1841. He had previously foresworn his
favorite beverage and had become an industrious and temperate
citizen. He had as much business as he could attend to as
Deputy Sheriff and as constable for one or more Magistrates,
and earned not only money enough to subsist his family, but
to pay all of his debts. He was elected door-keeper of the
House of Representatives, and held the position until the
inauguration of negro rule, a period of about twelve years.

There was one incident in the married life of the old soldier,
which we think proper to allow him to relate: ‘‘A great
chicken fight was to take place in Augusta—the Edgefield
boys were pitted against those of Augusta, and I had an in-
vincible disposition to take part in the sport—it suited my
mind and temper. I was fond of game chickens and my wife
had assisted me in raising a beautiful flock. My better half
disapproved of my designs, but seemed to have a promonition
that I would not be a gainer. I determined, though, to carry
out iny own purposes. I had in my pocket one hundred and
196 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

fifty dollars. I went to the cock fight and lost it all. Return-
ing home late at night I found madam discontented indeed,
and indisposed even to give me a word of welcome. The old
soldier returned in me at once. I had reserved from the
wreck three silver dollars. I therefore went to the sideboard
and counted these three dollars over and over again, with my
back to my spouse until they amounted to the sum of three
hundred and fifty dollars. Madam hearing all this could not
be insensible to the claims of one, who, in the conflicts with
fortune, had been so happy as to secure so much for her com-
fort. She then, for the first time, moved herself in the bed
and called out to her dear husband that the old blue hen he
had left setting had hatched twelve of the prettiest chickens he
ever beheld. Upon this she rose from her bed and by sunrise
procured for me one of the best breakfasts I had ever tasted
before.”’

Charles M. Gray, by his marriage with Ann Green, had
‘four sons and three daughters. One of his sons entered the
‘Confederate Army at the age of 14 years and died of a disease
‘contracted in service. Two others received desperate wounds
in sustaining the ‘‘Lost Cause.’’ Charles M. Gray, Jr., better
known as Scout Gray, of Longstveet’s Corps, was wounded
seven times in battle, still lives at Edgefield Court House. He
bears great resemblance to “‘Buffalo Bill.’’

Before we conclude this memoirs it is proper to remark that
“Charles M. Gray enlisted in the 7th Regiment from South
Carolina in the war between the States—was made colorbearer
and bore the Southern Cross throughout the whole of those
desperate, bloody, and glorious combats, beginning at Bull
Run and culminating at Manassas. But age and imfirmities
‘admonished him that he must quit the service forever and bid
farewell to ‘‘the drum, the shrill-sounding fife, and all the
pride, pomp, and circumstance of glorious war,’’ and receiving
accordingly an honorable discharge, he retired to the bosom
of his family.

A few years after the war he died at the age of three score
cand ten years.
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 197”

XXI

WAR OF 1812—SEMINOLE.

There are other Biographical sketches to be given, and
which must be given to make the records complete, but we
will desist for the present and resume the more direct historical
narrative for a little while. History and Biography, however,
are so interblended that they cannot be completely separated.
The only difference is that in Biography the individual is made:
prominent and events become subordinate; while in history the
cases are reversed.

Perhaps enough has already been said, incidentally, of the
war of 1812, in the Biographical sketches of prominent men.
General William Butler, Samuel Mays, and Colonel George
Butler were most prominent. Thornton Coleman, an elder
brother of Rev. Jones W. Coleman, held a Captain’s commis-
sion in that war. The reader, however, understands that
though troops were called out, that is the militia, and sta-
tioned on the coast, yet they were never actually engaged in
battle. John, Joseph, and Jesse Edwards were in that war,
and John Bledsoe, Henry Trotter, William Riley, and Isaac:
Riley.

Incidentally, too, enough has already been written of the
stormy period of nullification and of the prominent actors of
that time. Edgefield was a nullifier and was in hearty sym-
pathy with the Act of the Convention nullifying the unjust
tariff laws of Congress.

To the war against the Seminole Indians in Florida, three
companies of infantry and one of cavalry volunteered from
Edgefield. I may be able to give in the conclusion of this
work a list of all the volunteers to Florida, as well as of those
who served in the war with Mexico, and also in the late war of
Secession, with the casualties incident to each individual. At
present I can recall the name of James Edwards, a member of
the company commanded by Captain David Denny, which:
went from the Tenth South Carolina Militia. There was also.
William Abney, who had vowed to whip, on sight, Charles K.
Johnson, who, he supposed had wrongfully treated his son,
198 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

Henderson, at Mount Enon School, when he was a pupil of
Mr. Johnson. After the threshing Mr. Abney and Mr.
Johnson had never met until they met in Florida as soldiers
and comrades in the same army. So far from threshing Mr.
Johnson, Abney, when he came to know him, fell in love with
him and was ever afterwards one of his warmest friends and
admirers.

The company from the Seventh Militia Regiment was com-
manded by Captain James Jones, who was afterwards a Gen-
eral in the Militia. Milledge L. Bonham was Orderly Sergeant
in Jones’ company. The company from the Ninth Regiment
was commanded by Captain Jefferson Hibler. Captain Hibler
was afterwards Colonel in the Militia. Hibier Township, in
the upper part of Edgefield, as I have been informed, was
named in his honor. The company of cavalry was commanded
by Captain Sibley, who, I think, was of Hamburg, as the
members of the company were mostly from Hamburg and
vicinity.

The following episode of the Seminole war I condense from
an article by Rev. Wm. M. Wood in the Southern Christian
Advocate of November 2oth, 1890.

Mr. Peurifoy’s father was from North Carolina. He moved
to Putnam County, Georgia, where Tilman Dixon Peurifoy
was born, January 21st, 1809. At nineteen years of age he
was admitted to the Georgia Conference, having been con-
verted at the age of fifteen. He was married when a young
man to Miss Louisa Ann Bird, daughter of Captain Daniel
Bird, of Edgefield, S. C. After a few years he moved to
Florida and settled in Jefferson County in 1833. The war with
the Seminoles was then going on, but from the place of his
settlement the nearest Indians were a hundred miles distant,
and no apprehensions of danger were felt by him or by any
one in that section. Mr. Peurifoy was frequently absent for a
long time attending to his preaching appointments. It was
during one of these absences, and he was sixty miles distant
attending Quartely Conference, when the attack, so disastrous
and terrible, was made upon his home. It was on Sunday,
April 1st, 1836; Mrs. Peurifoy was lying quietly and happily
upon her bed reading that comforting book, ‘‘Heavenly Rec-
ognition,’’ when the door was suddenly opened almost without
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 199

noise, and a tall Indian, in feathers and war paint, quietly
entered the room. The house, which was a double log cabin,
with a wide passage between, had been surrounded quietly by
a party of fifty or sixty Indians. A negro girl about twelve
years of age, who was in the room with Mrs. Peurifoy, quickly
understood the situation and tried to make her escape. She
immediately darted out of the room between the Indian’s legs
as he stood for a moment in the door. She made her escape,
but was fearfully wounded in the effort. She was still living
near Augusta at the close of the year 1890, and may be living
even now, I89gI.

Before Mrs. Peurifoy swooned away she remembered seeing
the savage kill her daughter, Elisabeth. The fate of her little
boy she did not know. When she revived and came to herself
she found the room full of Indians, and they were hurriedly
eating the ham and potatoes and what other food they were
able to find. Hoping that she would not be observed she
made a great effort to escape. She was able to get out of the
house and had reached the ground when she was shot and the
bullet pierced her shoulder blade. Almost at the same time
another bullet struck her thigh and she fell forward on her
face. The savages then surrounded her, stabbed her in the
back and cut her person fearfully. They cut her throat, but
a shawl or handkerchief about her neck and shoulders saved her
from death. ‘They then beat her over the head with a light-
wood knot, but unconsciously she raised her right arm to
protect her head, and that was terribly bruised and broken.
They did not scalp her. She became unconscious, and they
left her for dead. When she came to herself again the savages
were plundering the house and setting it on fire. She then
crawled towards the kitchen, hoping that her cook, who had
nursed her when she was a baby, might be able to help her.
‘The cook herself was dying from wounds she had received,
and could only spread her handkerchief on the ground for her
mistress to lie on, when she quietly passed away.

After this, suffering from intolerable thirst, Mrs. Peurifoy
dragged herself to a swamp or pond three quarters of a mile
distant, where she was able to get some water to assuage her
thirst. Here she lay that night, and until sunset next day,
when she was found by the searching parties. Her father,
200 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

who lived only a few miles distant, was with the searchers;
and he, it seems, had a presentiment that she was still living,
and would be found alive. The charred remains of the two
children, Elisabeth and Lovick Pierce, were found in the ruins
of the building. Mr. Peurifoy, on his return from Conference,
was within twenty miles of home before he received any in-
timation of the terrible disaster. Upon sheets Mrs. Peurifoy
was carried to her father’s, near Monticello, Florida. For
many weeks she breathed through several of her wounds, and
for months she could only be moved and turned upon sheets.
After these terrible events they removed to Georgia, and in
1849, came to Edgefield County and settled near Butler
Church, where Mr. Peurifoy died June 3rd, 1872, and Mrs.
Peurifoy, July 5th, 1878.

Three negroes, besides the cook already mentioned were
killed in a house which was used for a church. One woman,
who fought them to the last, was killed by having her head
beaten to pieces with a lightwood knot. Her baby was saved
by the door being thrown down in the scuffle and falling over
the cradle in which the baby lay. This child was alive in
18yo.

Mr. and Mrs. Peurifoy left several children; Eliza, who
married Mr. Yarbrough, and Hon. D. B. Peurifoy, named
after his grandfather, Captain David Bird. D. B. Peurifoy,
familiarly called ‘‘Dan,’’ by his friends, has been a member of
the Legislature, but declined to be a candidate in 1890.

Thomas Bird, whom I knew at school, and who, I thought
was a young man of very lovely character, was, if I mistake
not, a son of Captain David Bird, and brother to Mrs. T. D.
Peurifoy.

In making the statement that Pierce M. Butler was a Briga-
dier General during the Seminole war, I write from the recol-
lection of my readings of history, without having books or
any authorities to refer to just at this moment. But, whether
he was Brigadier General or not at any time while that war
lasted, he was inaugurated Governor of South Carolina, No-
vember, 1836, and was Governor two years; and a few years
thereafter served with distinction in the war with Mexico, as
‘Colonel of the Palmetto Regiment, and was killed at the battle
of Churubusco.
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 201

In that war with Mexico, which was brought about by the
annexation of Texas to the United States, Mexico never having
acknowledged the independence of that State, but instead, had
always claimed it as an integral portion of the territory of
itself, the company from Edgefield, known as the Ninety-Six
Boys, was commanded by Preston S. Brooks as Captain,
having for Lieutenants W. C. Moragne and Joseph Abney; and
was Joseph Culbreath also one, or was he First Sergeant?
Milledge L. Bonham was a Colonel in this war, but in another
regiment. Joseph Culbreath went as a private in Captain
Williams’ Company from Newberry—returned as Ljieuten-
ant.

Giles Chapman, the elder brother of the writer, was living
in Indiana when the war with Mexico came on, and in that
State he volunteered and was a member of the Second Indiana
Regiment, under General Zachary Taylor. He was killed in
the battle of Buena Vista, where General Taylor gained his
great victory which made him President of the United States.
In some movements of that part of the army, the retreat of
the Second Regiment from the field, a wounded comrade of my
brother, unable to keep up with his company, had been left
behind. The Mexican lancers were scouring the field, killing
all the wounded and stragglers, though at the time they were
at some distance from that part of the field. Giles and another
soldier determined to return and bring off their wounded com-
rade, if possible. They were warned against making the at-
tempt, that it would be going to meet almost certain death with-
out accomplishing their purpose. Their reply was that they
would make the attempt even if they lost their own lives—that
they could not see a comrade butchered before their own eyes
without, at least, trying to save him; and if they could not
save him, they would die with him. They went; they tried to
save their friend, but failed, and all three were killed. Giles
Chapman was..a native of Edgefield. His name does not
appear on the roll of the Palmetto Regiment, nor has it ever
appeared in the Records of Edgefield County. It appears in
the History of the Mexican War as a member of a regiment cf
another State, but he was of Edgefield, S. C., and as brave
and fearless on the field of battle, and everywhere else, as ever
human nature grows to be.
202 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

°

Before this book is closed and finally dismissed from the
hands of the writer, it is his purpose to give a list of all the
men engaged in these wars, with the ranks, casualties, &c.; so
we will proceed with the general narrative of events as fully as
we can, without making the work too large, which I fear will
be done.
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 203

XXIT.
THE TILLMAN FAMILY.

We have seen that Captain James Ryan came from Virginia
and was one of the earliest settlers of Edgefield; and we might
suppose from the name he bears that Benjamin Ryan Tillman,
at this time Governor of South Carolina, was a relative or con-
nection of the Ryan family. But such is not the case. The
Tillmans came from Maryland or Delaware and settled on the
southern side of Edgefield towards Hamburg. The father of
the Governor once lived on the road leading from the Pine
House to, Hamburg, nine miles from the latter place. Benja-
min Ryan was born thirteen miles north of Augusta in Merri-
wether Township. The name Benjamin Ryan was given to
him through the great respect his father had to the Ryan
family, and not from any blood relationship or connection with
that family.

When George D. Tillman first went to Edgefield Court
House to live and to practice law, he made himself very un-
popular in the town, whatever he may be now, and had many
enemies. What he was, or is, I know not, for my acquaintance
with him personally is nothing. When the quarrel occurred,
that is its date, I do not know, but he once had a serious diffi-
culty with General John R. Wever and gave him a dangerous
pistol wound in the side. Some time after that he killed a
man named Henry Christian. He fled the country and went
to Central America, where he joined General Walker, of Fili-
buster fame, was wounded, and taken prisoner, but was
released after promising not to meddle any more with the
institutions or government of that country. He then returned
home, was tried at Edgefield for murder, found guilty of man-
slaughter, and sentenced to two years imprisonment in the
District Jail, which penalty he suffered. After the War of
Secession he was a member of the Constitutional Convention,
which met in Columbia in 1865. Inabook, ‘‘The South Since
the War,” published in 1866, the writer of that book thus
speaks of Mr. Tillman as he appeared in that convention:

“George D. Tillman, aman of immense frame and very con-
204 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

siderable abilities, genial and offhand, who has lived in South
America and California, and now hails from Edgefield District,
who has served six years in the State Legislature for honor,
and two years in the State Penitentiary for manslaughter,
(South Carolina had no Penitentiary at that time, ) who quotes
philosophy from DeTocqueville, and historical maxims from
Gibbon—the man who makes friends with everybody, and at
whom, the gentlemen, so called, of the low country, affect to
sneer, is a genuine Red Republican in his disregard of what is
called ancient rights and privileges. Sitting with great blue-
gray eyes, that seem always half asleep, he is always alert and
wide awake, slouching along with a rolling gait, he is carefu
and earnest; utterly wanting in the power of oratory or rheto-
ric, he has made more points than any other member of the
Convention, and has carried all of them but one, and that of
minor importance. He is the leader of the advance line of the
up-country, delegated, not so much by any election as by the
inherent force of necessity, for he fights independently, and
Jeaves them no choice but to follow. He is fairly entitled to
the honors of the day in the open field fight against the Con-
ner resolution; and has been from the first the restless and
untiring and self-possessed and good humored enemy of the
parish system, or to use his own phrase, the Chinese conserva-
tism of Charleston. His object has been, and stillis, to cripple
the power of the low-country in every possible way. He will
take no bond of fate, but builds his walls of offence and
defence in the constitution itself.

“On the tenth day Tillman smote the routed enemy once
more; he called it reaping the ‘first fruits of victory.’ His
blow came in the form of an amendment to the Constitution,
providing that after 1869 no district in the State shall have
more than twelve Representatives. This was aimed at the
city of Charleston, which now has twenty. The low country
was exhausted and the amendment was .adopted. after a brief
debate by 61 to 43.”’

Another estimate of Honorable G. D. Tillman, written
twenty-five years after the publication of the ‘South Since the
War.’ ‘This, too, is the estimate of a Northern man, Amos J.
Cummings. At the time of the writing Mr. Tillman was Chair-
man of the Committee on Patents, and the writer says of him:
HISTORY..OF, EDGEFIELD. 205

“He is quaint and honest and makes speeches that touch the
marrow. In appearance he somewhat resembles Horace
Greeley. But there is a manly ring to his voice, as well as
virility in his arguments. Once convinced that he is right,
neither persuasion nor force can drive him from his position.
He is a brother of the Governor of the Palmetto State, and has
all his brother’s characteristics. No man uses the Southern
dialect more penetratingly. Detecting jobbery in legislation,
he flies at it like a bulldog, and there is nothing left of it when
he gets through with it.

“Mr. Tillman was 65 years old last August, (1891). Born
in South Carolina, he received an academical education in
Georgia. He afterward entered Harvard, but did not gradu-
ate. He studied law, and was admitted to the Bar in 1848.
He served as a private in the South Carolina Infantry
and in the Second Regiment of Artillery. After the war he
became a cotton planter. In the ante-bellum days he had been
a member. of the State Legislature. He was elected to the
State Constitutional Convention under the reconstruction
proclamation of President Johnson. Afterward he became
State Senator under the new Constitution. He was a candi-
date for the Forty-fifth Congress, and unsuccessfully contested
the seat of Robert Smalls. The Committee on Elections re-
ported in favor of vacating the election, but the House failed
to act on the report.

‘*This is Mr. Tillman’s seventh term. In the Forty-seventh
Congress he first took his seat. J. Warren Keifer was elected
Speaker and Mr. Tillman was ousted to make room again for
General Smalls. Mr. Tillman was a member of the Committee
on Patents in the Fiftieth and Fifty-first Congress. It is safe
to say that no patent will ever be renewed while he is Chair-
man of that Committee. He usually makes two or three
speeches each session, and they are speeches that command,
not only the attention, but the admiration of the House. He
belongs to the old school of statesmen, now almost extinct.

“South Carolina may well be proud of him.”’

He was a candidate for re-election in 1892 and was beaten
by W. J. Talbert, a native and citizen of his own county,
Edgefield.

This generation is retiring all its old sevrants, whether

 

 
206 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

wisely or not it is impossible to say—not for this historian to
say.

The progress of events recently has made it necessary to
write more fully of B. R. Tillman. In 1890 he was elected
Governor of the State; in 1892 he was re-elected; in 1894 he
was elected to the Senate of the United States to succeed
General M. C. Butler, who was retired to private life.

Whatever may be said of B. A. Tillman for or against, he
is certainly one of the most remarkable men the County of
Edgefield—I might say the State has ever produced. Without
any preliminary political training whatever, never even having
held any office except that of Captain of a cavalry company to
which he was elected in 1882, he passed at one bound to the
position of Governor of the State. From Governor he was
elected to the United States Senate. By the Democratic Con-
vention which was held in Columbia in May, 1896, he was
endorsed as a candidate for President of the United States,
that is for his name to go before the General Democratic Con- ,
vention to be heldin Chicago. He stands squarely for the free
coinage of silver, according to the old standard of value of 16
to 1, as compared with gold.

Mr. Tillman has the great power of binding. his friends to
him as with hooks of steel, and of making his enemies hate
him. He seems to be fond of political battles and wants no
one to be indifferent.

W. B. DORN.

Mr. William B. Dorn was once a noted man of this section.
He discovered a gold mine, which, for a number of years, was
very productive. If ever mortal man had the gold fever,
mania it might well be called in his case, he was one. For
years and years before he made any discoveries worth notice,
he was a patient and untiring seeker, sinking money all the
time in fruitless and unprofitable digging. At last his labors
were crowned with success, and he became a wealthy man.
The first year’s work that paid produced about ten thousand
dollars, I heard his partner, Mr. Bell, I think his name was,
describe how it was that they came to sink the first paying
shaft. He said that they were heart-weary; had been digging
and prospecting and finding not enough to make it pay, and
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 207

had about come to the conclusion to give it up and dig no
more, but thought they would make one more effort and dig
wherever the axe, which Mr. Bell carried in his hand, might
fall after throwing; and if that digging failed they would try
no more. Taking the axe by the end of the handle Mr. Bell
whirled it around his head two or three times and let it fly
with all his might. They dug where it struck the ground and
their success was assured. "|

Mr. Dorn became very wealthy, worth, perhaps, a million
dollars; married a beautiful young wite and was elected to the
Legislature. He died about ten yearsafter the war at about
eighty years of age. At the time of his death he was not rich.

THE EDWARDSES—ADDITIONAL.

Joseph Edwards, the great-grandfather of J. C. Edwards,
was a native of Wales and emigrated to Maryland and lived in
the old town of Benedict at the mouth of the Patuxent River.

His son, Jared Edwards, first married Susan Porter, of
Virginia, who bore him four. sons, John, Joseph, Jesse, and
Stephen, who, all removed to Alabama soon after the war of
1812. Jared Edwards, the grand-father of J. C., came to
Edgefield in 1805, and there married for his second wife Re-
becca Bell, who, also bore him four sons, William, Benjamin,
James, and Isaac. James never married. Jared Edwards was
born in the year 1746 and died January 31st, 1832. John
Crowder Edwards, who gives me this information, is the third
son of Benjamin Edwards.

Rev. Zedekiah Watkins, whose name has already been men-
ticned, was born October 15th, 1791, and died September 25th,
1867. He was converted at the age of 15, and was ordained
by John Landrum and Carson Howell, October 15th, 1826.
208 HISTORY OF«EDGEFIELD.

XXITI.

KANSAS TROUBLES—SECESSION.

Having brought this history down to a period immediately
preceding Secession and the war following, it becomes neces-
sary to write’of the events leading to that decisive act, an act
the most momentous in the history of the world since the
advent of Christ.

The student of United States history does not need to be
informed that from the very beginning the union between the
States was not altogether as cordial as it might have been.
Absolute cordiality was wanting long. before the Republican-
Abolition party came into being, long before the lawfulness
of the institution of slavery was called in question by any
person in any part of the country. There were extreme State
Rights men at the first before the Constitution was adopted and
the Union formed. Of these the leaders were Jefferson and
Patrick Henry in Virginia, and we have already seen that
some of the ablest men in South Carolina voted against the
adoption of the Constitution, because it took away from the
States and gave to the central government too much power.
There were also extreme Centralists, or Federalists, as they
were then called, at the first. Conspicuous amongst these
were Alexander Hamilton and John Adams. Washington,
himself, belonged to that party. These conflicting views
resulted in a compromise out of which was born the Federal
Constitution, as it was when it became part of the organic
law of the States. Union of some sort, and a closer union
than was made by the old Articles of Confederation, was found
to be absolutely necessary, if the States continued to live under
one general government. So the Constitution was adopted as
a compromise between conflicting views and opinions. It
never was entirely satisfactory to anybody. But something
had to be done, or chaos would come again. It isdue to truth
to say that this great instrument, the result of the delibera-
tions of the wisest men of the country and of the age, was
only a compromise of conflicting views and wishes to prevent
other and greater evils. And like all other compromises, it
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 209

was not able to stand the day of extreme trial and pressure.
Long ago a writer in Harper’s Monthly or Weekly said that all
written constitutions become mere waste paper when they
stand in the way of the advance or evolution of great ideas.
In our country the seeds of discord existed in the minds, habits,
and iodes of thought and life of the people of the different
sections, even from the first. Owing to a difference of the
produce of the lands, and the means by which those lands were
cultivated, the men of the South were naturally more baronial
and lordly in their manner and habits. They were also better
statesmen, and their influence predominated for many years in
the councils of the nation, during the War of the Revolution,
before the adoption of the Constitution, and for many years
following the adoption. Mr. Jefferson, the greatest statesman
this country has ever produced, seemed to care but little for
the nation, but took great pride and glory in the freedom and
independence of the States. His policy ruled for many years,
and the influence of Southern statesmen was paramount, until,
I am forced to believe, a deep-seated feeling of hatred for the
South and the Southern people grew out of, supplanted, and
took the place of that of jealousy, which had existed from the
first in the minds of the leaders of Northern thought. The
dislike found full expression and hearty satisfaction in the
formation of the Abolition and Free Soil parties.

The Abolition party, pure and simple, was almost a dead
failure. Its leaders were not wise. They aimed at that
which, it was too plainly manifest, was entirely beyond their
jurisdiction to meddle with, and out of their power to accom-
plish in a direct mode of attack. The feeling of the Abolition
party at last became embodied in, and found triumphant ex-
pression through the Free Soil party. The life and animating
spirit of that party was to prevent the admission of any more
States holding slaves into the Union. This, it was very easy
to persuade themselves, that they had a right to do legally
under the Constitution. Their standpoint was that all the
territorial soil then belonging to the United States, or hence-
forth to be acquired by them, shall be owned by free men, and
shall be cultivated by free men only. No more extension of
slavery into the free territory of the United States. No more
slave States.
210 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

The hatred and bitter feeling engendered and fostered by the
discussion of this subject, in and out of Congress, continued for
many years, and grew and increased in intensity, until at last
they were quenched in blood—if they have been quenched.
After many years of weary and bitter agitation the so-called
compromise measures on the admission of Missouri were intro-
duced and passed. Mr. Clay, of Kentucky, aided by his great
influence in having Missouri admitted as a slave State,
but with the proviso that thereafter no State holding slaves
should be admitted North of 36° 30’, which was the Northern
boundary of that State. Missouri was admitted in the year
182i.

For years the discussion on the restriction of slavery had
been very bitter. The Missouri Compromise did not stop the
discussion nor the strife, though the tariff question for a time
held the attention of the people and kept their feelings at
white heat. ‘That agitation reached its climax in South Caro-
lina when the Convention of the People of the State, on the
t7th of December, 1832, passed an ordinance nullifying the
tariff laws of Congress. Again compromise measures were
resorted to which stilled the agitation and averted a conflict.
Jackson was then President and would have made short work
with the job of suppressing nullification in South Carolina, if
Congress had not taken speedy action.

In the meantime the discussion of the slavery question never
ceased. This writer is no longer a young man, having been
born in 1821, the year of the admission of Missouri into the
Union; and, looking back over a somewhat long life, he does
not remember the time when the country had a calm and set-
tled peace with any prospect of long continuance. Nullifica-
tion, the Seminole War, the threatened War with France about
the same time, the War with Mexico, the continued agitation
of the slavery question, Secession, the War of Secession, the
terrible period of reconstruction, and now the great danger of
plutocracy grasping and swallowing into its voracious and
capacious maw all the liberties and possessions of the toiling
people, through the operation of the tariff and land monopo-
lies, with the discussions of other great questions, all show
that the end is not yet, and that a calm and enduring peace is
not to be found in a world where moral evil has its fixed seat
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 211

and firm abiding place. The suppression of evil, without its
eradication, is only introducing order into hell.

The compromise on the tariff settled nothing. ‘The protec-
tive tariff continued and became the settled policy of the
country, in spite of the fact tt:at in its very nature it is rob-
bery. The agitation of the slavery question continued, and
was intensified whenever a new State applied for admission.
By the War with Mexico, to which Mr. Calhoun was opposed,
because he saw with clear vision that territory would be ac-
quired, and that the States would quarrel over it, like a parcel
of hungry dogs over a bone, a large quantity of territory,
many millious of miles in extent, was added to the landed do-
main of the Union, and the question immediately arose whether
any of that territory should be made into slave States. A
few years after the close of that war the act of 1850 was passed,
by which the Missouri Compromise of 1820 was repealed, and
the whole territorial domain of the United States was thrown
open to settlers from all the States; and they were permitted
to carry their property of all kinds, slaves as well as other,
into any territory wherever they might choose io go or settle;
and when the time arrived for the formation of State Constitu-
tions the people might allow or prohibit slavery as they chose.
This was a measure of Mr. Clay's, and it made him more
popular than he ever had been before. It was thought to
have been the crowning and most glorious act of his life. He
hoped, the people hoped, and the whole country hoped for a
long-continued peace, and that an era of good feeling and of
good will had come to stay. Mr. Clay did not live long enough
to see the dissipation of these hopes. He died in the fullness of
his fame, and content.

For a little while, a very little while, these hopes seemed
likely to be realized. They were soon dispelled. ‘They were,
indeed, a dream baseless and insubstantial. The very fact
that all the territories, North and South, without regard to
degrees of latitude, were open to all settlers alike, very soon
roused in the minds of the people of the different parties, pro
and anti slavery, the intense and inextinguishable desire to fill
up the new domains, each with settlers of its own sort. The
fires of sectional strife soon raged hotter and fiercer than ever.
Emigiant aid societies were formed North, iu ’which Bibles and
212 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

rifles played a prominent part. They were also formed in the
South, in which pistols, perhaps, played a more prominent
part than either Bibles or rifles.

Kansas became the first battle ground for settlers from the
opposing parties. Indeed it was there that the great Civil
War began. It was there that the celebrated John Brown,
who was afterwards hanged for his armed invasion of Virginia
and his attempt to excite an insurrection in that State, first
became conspicuous as a public character, and whose soul is
said to be still marching on. May Godin His mercy soon give
it rest. Kansas became the first battle ground, because it was
the first territory to apply for admission as a State under the
new order of things. Emigration societies were formed all over
the Union for the purpose of aiding settlers to gain a foothold
in that new region in order to shape its future character and
destiny as a pro or anti slavery State.

Edgefield was not backward in this work. Edgefield is
never backward when live men are wanted to push on any
work. The District did its part, but how many went to
Kansas, and how many, if any, became actual settlers, my
information on this point is too defective to allow me to speak
with certainty. It was in Kansas that the great Civil War
began, but that territory was not admitted as a State until
after Secession was an accomplished fact.

The two great parties that then divided the people of the
United States, as they yet divide them, were known as the
Democratic and the Republican; the one State rights, believing
in the Strict construction of the Constitution; the other na-
tional in character, in all its proclivities, doctrines, and ten-
dencies. By a strange infatuation, which can in no otherwise
be accounted for than by the old saying that whom the gods
wish to destroy they first make mad, the Democratic party,
which had a majority, both of the people and the States, in-
stead of uniting their forces upon one man for President and
one for Vice-President, had three sets of candidates in the
field at the eleciion in 1860, and the result of the contest was,
of course, the election of Mr. Lincoln, the Republican candi-
date. But, even had the Democratic party at that election
succeeded in electing, both President and Vice-President, as.
they might have done if they had had only one set of candi-
HISTORY OF EKDGEFIELD. 213

dates, it would only have prolonged the struggle without, in
the end, producing a different result.

It appears to have been the fixed determination of the peo-
ple of South Carolina, whatever it may have been in other
Southern States, to withdraw from the Union should the Re-
publican party succeed in electing the President, and get con-
trol of the government of the United States. Under the
dominion of the Republican party we had no hopes of being
able to preserve our equality in the Union for any length of
time and thought it better to part company and go our own
way andletthem go theirs. Acting according to this resolution,
without waiting even to try Mr. Lincoln and see whether he
would be false or true to his oath of office, a convention of
the people was called soon after the result of the election was
known. The Act of the Legislature calling the convention
was ratified on the 13th day of November, 1860, and the
delegates from the several election Districts of the State
assembled in the Baptist Church, in the town of Columbia,
at twelve o’clock m., on the 17th day of December, 1860.
The day was Monday.

The delegates from Edgefield were Francis Hugh Wardlaw,
R. G. M. Dunovant, James Parsons Carroll, William Gregg,
Andrew J. Hammond, James Tomkins, James C. Smyley.

The convention having assembled on motion of Mr. James
H. Adams, of Richland, Mr. D. F. Jameson, from Barnwell,
was called to the Chair. Mr. Jateson was afterwards elected
permanent President of the Convention. As part of the history
of that momentous time I deem it but proper to give the ad-
dress of Mr. Jameson when called to the Chair.

He said: ‘‘Gentleman, we have met here under circum-
stances more solemn than any of us have ever been placed in
before. No one, it seems to me, is duly impressed with the
magnitude, who does not, at the same time, feel, that he is
about to enter upon the gravest and most solemn act which
has fallen to the lot of this generation to accomplish. It is no
less than our fixed determination to throw off a government to
which we have been accustomed, and to provide new safeguards
for our future security. If anything has been decided by the
elections which sent us here, it is that South Carolina must dis-
solve her connection with the confederacy as speedily as possible.
21¢ HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

‘Tn the progress of this movement we have two great dangers
to fear—overtures from without and precipitation within. I
trust the door is now forever closed to all further connection
with our northern confederates; for, what guarantees can they
offer us more strictly guarded, or under higher sanctions, than
the present written compact between us. And did that sacred
instrument protect us from the jealousy and aggressions of the
North, cominenced forty years ago, which resulted in the
Missouri Compromise?

“Did the Constitution protect us from the cupidity of the
Northern people, who, for thirty-five years, have imposed the
burden of supporting the General Government chiefly on the
industry of the South? Did it save us from abolition petitions
designed to annoy and insult us, in the very halls of our
Federal Congress? Did it enable us to obtain a single foot of
the soil acquired in the war with Mexico, where the South
furnished three-fourths of the money, two-thirds of the men,
and four-fifths of the graves? Did it oppose any obstacle to
the erection of California into a free-soil state without any
previous territorial existence; without any defined boundaries,
or any census of her population? Did it throw any protection
around the Southern settlers of Kansas, when the soil of that
territory was invaded by emissaries of Emigrant Aid Socie-
ties in a crusade preached from Northern pulpits, when
church men and women contributed Sharp’s Rifles and Colt’s
Revolvers to swell the butchery of Southern men? And has
not that Constitution been trodden under foot by almost every
Northern State in their orcinances nullifying all laws made
for the recovery of fugitive slaves, by which untold millions of
property have been lost to the South?

‘“‘Let us be no longer duped by paper securities. Written
constitutions are worthless, unless they are written at the same
time, in the hearts, and founded on the interests of a people;
and as there is no common bond of sympathy or interest be-
tween the North and the South, all efforts to preserve this
Union, will not only be fruitless, but fatal to the less numer-
ous section. The other danger to which I referred may arise
from too great impatience on the part of our people to precipi-
tate the issue, in not waiting until they can strike with the
authority of law.
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 215

‘“‘At the moment of inaugurating a great movement, like the
present, I trust that we will go forward and not be diverted
from our purpose by influences from without. In the outset
of this movement I can offer you no other motto than Danton’s
at the commencement of the French Revolutiony To dare!
and again to dare! and without end to dare!”’

Three days thereafter on the 20th of December, 1860, the
Ordinance of Secession was passed by the Convention without
a single dissenting voice. The Ordinance was as follows:

AN ORDINANCE

‘*To dissolve the Union between the State of South Carolina
and other States united with her under the compact entitled
‘The Constitution of the United States of America.’

“We, the people of the State of South Carolina, in Convention
assembled, do declare and ordain, and it ts hereby declared and
ordained,

“That the Ordinance adopted by us in Convention, on the
twenty-third day of May, in the year of our Lord one thousand
seven hundred and eighty-eight, whereby the Constitution of
the United States of America was ratified, and also all acts and
parts of acts of the General Assembly of this State, ratifying
amendments of the said Constitution, are hereby repealed; and
that the Union now subsisting between South Carolina and
other States, under the name of the United States of America,
is hereby dissolved.’’

On the question being put, ‘‘Will the Convention adopt the
Ordinance?”’ it passed in the affirmative. Yeas, 169; nays,
none.

So the great and decisive act of Secession was accomplished;
_ that act which brought a terrible and bloody war of four years’
duration; hastened that end from which we had so long
shrunk; completely changed our institutions; paved the way
for other changes, which are now in rapid process of develop-
ment, and the end of which no man can see. The position in
which we, the people of Edgefield and of the State, find our-
selves to-day is one which would have been utterly impossible
under the old order of things. Whether the changes which are
now so rapidly moving on, not only in South Carolina, but in
the whole country, are to bring about a better state of things,
216 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

or whether they will ultimately end in disastrous wreck and
ruin to the whole country, it is impossible for the wisest states-
man to foresee and predict with certainty. Whatever the exd
may be, this we know that men in their selfish and evil blind-
ness are sure to bring disasters upon themselves as they are,
because they do not aim at what is right, but at that which
they think will be gainful to themselves, whether right or
wrong. Little did the Convention of 1860 dream of the events

of the next four years! They thought the people of the North
would not fight; that they loved money too well to think of
going to war to make a coercive union, and that the experi-
ment would be entirely too costly. Or, even supposing that
they should resort to arms to preserve the Union, we felt that
we could whip them, and that after a few well-fought battles,
in which they would be sure to get the worst of it, they would
be glad to make peace, and to let us go our own separate ways
without further molestation.

There was no opposition in Edgefield to the action of the
Convention, and the vote of their delegates was heartily en-
dorsed by almost everybody. When the act of Secession was
consummated great enthusiasm was felt and manifested every-
where, and preparations for war began to be made in all parts
of the district. We have already briefly noticed the enthusi-
asm manifested at Mount Willing. As it was there, so it was
in all parts of the county. The war drums beat and volunteer
campanies began to be formed at an early day. Meantime,
however, efforts were made by South Carolina and by the
Confederate government, which was soon formed by the Seces-
sion of other States from the old Union, to make a peaceful
solution of the existing difficulties without resorting to the
terrible arbitrament of arms. These efforts were all in vain.
Mr. Buchanan and the authorities of the United States govern-
ment could not receive the commissioners sent on to Washing-
ton in any other manner than as private gentlemen. They
had no power nor authority to treat with them, or to make
any arrangement looking to or recognizing the fact of the dis-
solution of the existing Union. Our commissioners effected
nothing; and preparations for war went on all over the State.
Companies were formed and moved to Charleston. Fort
Sumter was invested and batteries were erected on Morris
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 217

Island, manned by cadets from the South Carolina Military
Academy and commanded by Major P. F. Stevens. Fort
Sumter was thus invested to prevent re-enforcements, or sup.
plies of any kind from being sent to Major Anderson, who
commanded there, and not for the purpose, as yet, of making
an attack upon the fort. On the oth of January, 1861, just
twenty-nine days after the passage of the Ordinance of Seces-
sion, the Star of the West, a light ocean steamer, made an effort
to pass the batteries with supplies for Fort Sumter. She was
fired into, when she retir€d and did not again try to pass.

All efforts at negotiation having failed, and at this time it
being well known to the Confederate authorities that it was
the fixed purpose of the United States government to re-enforce
Fort Sumter, an attack was determined. on. Accordingly,
General Beauregard, who then had command of the Confeder-
ate forces at Charleston, was instructed to demand its surrender,
and if the demand was not complied with, to proceed at once
to attack. On the rith of April, 1861, he made the demand.
The demand was replied to in the negative, and at half-past
four A. M. on the next day, the firing began. The bombard-
ment of the fort continued steadily for thirty-two hours, when
Major Anderson surrendered. No one was killed on either
side in this memorable contest. At this time General Beaure-
gard had under his command about six thousand Confederate
troops, a part of whom, one regiment, commanded by Colonel
Maxcy Gregg, of Columbia, was from South Carolina. There
were two companies from Edgefield, one led by Cicero Adams
and the other by Captain Robert Merriwether.
218 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

XXIV.

‘The larger number of volunteers from Edgefield were em-
bodied in the Seventh and Nineteenth Regiments. The
Seventh South Carolina was organized at Camp Butler, on the
15th of April, 1861, to serve for twelve months. Thomas G.
Bacon was elected Colonel;' Robert Fair, Lieutenant Colonel;
and Emmet Seibles, Major. This regiment was among the
first to go to Virginia. It was formed into a br gade with the
Second, Third, and Eighth South Carolina, and placed under
General Bonham as Brigadier, and always occupied the ad-
vanced position of our army around Centreville. In the move-
ment from Fairfax to Bull Run, and before the battles of the
18th and 21st of July, this brigade covered the rear. During
these battles the Seventh and Third were not engaged, though
under artillery fire. The Second and Highth were engaged.
Soon after this General Bonham resigned, having been elected
to the Confederate Congress, and J. B. Kershaw was appointed
Brigadier, a position he honorably filled to the close of the —
war. At the expiration of the twelve months for which the
Seventh had enlisted, a reorganization became necessary—a re-
organization and enlistment for the war.

On the 12th of May, 1862, the reorganization was effected
and D. Wyatt Aiken, of Abbeville, was elected Colonel; Dr.
Elbert Bland, of Edgefield, Liestenant Colorel; and White,
Major. At the battle of Sharpsburg, Colonel Aiken was shot
through the lungs and disabled for the war, when the com-
mand devolved upon Lieutenant Colonel Bland; and by the
death of Major White, John S. Hard, of Graniteville, senior
Captain, became Major. Colonel Bland and Major Hard were
both killed at the battle of Chickamauga. Colonel Bland had
served as Assistant Surgeon during the Mexican War. Al-
though Major Hard was the senior Captain of the regiment,
was a married man and had left at home several children, yet
such was his youthful appearance that he was known as the
boy soldier of the regiment. Captain William Clark, of
Saluda, near Chappell’s Ferry; Captain John W. Kemp, of
Mountain Creek, and Lieutenant A. T. Traylor, of Liberty
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 219

Hill, were all officers of merit in the Seventh Regiment, and
were all killed in battle. Lieutenants J. B. Bouknight, W. J.
Denny, J. M. Daniel, and W. A. Rutland were also members
of this regiment.

The Nineteenth Regiment was never sent to Virginia, but
was attached to the Western Army, and all its service was
under Bragg, Johnston, and Hood, and other generals com-
manding in that department. William C. Moragne, a lawyer
from Edgefield, who had served as Lieutenant in the Palmetto
Regiment during the War with Mexico, was first Colonel of
the Nineteenth, but he died soon after the war began, and was
succeeded by A. J. Lythgoe, of Abbeville. Colonel Lythgoe
and Major John A. Crowder, of this regiment, were both
killed in battle. After Colonel Lythgoe’s death Lieutenant
Colonel John P. Shaw had command until he was wounded
and taken prisoner at Franklin, Tennessee; that ‘‘dearest vic-
tory of the war,’’ as Mr. Caldwell, in his History of McGowain's
Brigade, well calls it. Colonel Shaw was succeeded in com-
mand by Captain Thomas W. Getsen. Captain W. S. Peter-
son, of Big Creek, who was killed at Atlanta; Captain William
Norris, from near Batesburg; and Captain John C. Shaw, of
Curryton, all belonged to the Nineteenth Regiment; as also
Sergeant Thomas Chapman, (mortally wounded at Atlanta)
Levi Crouch, Hiram Holstein, Lieutenants; and Lieutenant
John C. Wheeler, Color-Bearer, killed at Atlanta. At the
close of the war Robert Merriwether was Major, and he, with
some others, shamed and disgusted with the conclusion of the
struggle, and being rather hopeless of the future of our part of
the country, emigrated to Brazil.

Major John Blocker, of Blocker Township, and Sapien R.
W. Tomkins, of the Hampton Legion, were killed during the
war. Colonel Twiggs, afterwards killed by Mr. Robert
Butler, and Colonel Thomas G. Lamar, were quite prominent,
active and dfficient soldiers and officers. Captain James Till-
man, brother of B. R. Tillman; Captain W. F. Trescott, Cap-
tain James J. Gregg, of Graniteville, and Major B. E. Nichol-
son, all good soldiers, have died since the war. The ‘oregoing
names will all appear again with many others, all that can be
obtained, in the rolls to be inserted at the close of the book.

It was while Colonel Shaw was in command of the Nine-
220 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

teenth Regiment that this writer became a member of it, in Cap-
tain W. S. Peterson’s company. Captain Peterson was at home
at the time on recruiting service, his company having been,
temporarily, consolidated with that of Captain Chatham, who
was left in command. This was while the army was in winter
quarters at Dalton, Georgia, in command of which General
Joseph E. Johnston had been recently placed. A six months
term of service had just expired of the Second Regiment of
State troops under Colonel William Fort, stationed at Poco-
taligo and forming part of the brigade of Brigadier General
Walker, who had been promoted from Colonel to Brigadier
for his skillful defence of the place and successful repulse of
the enemy at that point. At Pocotaligo I saw many men
from Edgefield, some of whom had seen a good deal of service
before. Captain Ira Cromley, Geo. D. Huiett, C. L. Refo,
Lemuel Salter, who had been through the Kentucky campaign
under Bragg—and others. I afterwards met Salter at Dalton,
and after the campaign opened, one Friday night a snort time
before I was wounded, we stood, or rather lay all night
together on picket duty, where we were fired at all night long
by a picket on the other side. There is no danger of being
shot now for sleeping on post then, but I slept some that
night and was asleep when the officer of the day, or rather
night, passed. My companion was awake and did not even
nod the whole night.

It was very pleasant to leave the low-country about Poco-
taligo, the low-lands all flooded with water, and go to the
hilly uplands above Dalton in the neighborhood of the moun-
tains. It was while we were in winter quarters at this place
that I joined in the last game of snow-balling I have ever had.
When the snow-balling began I had no thought of taking any
part—only wanted to look on a while. It was brigade against
brigade, division against division, I do not remember which,
but I think division against division, as there seemed to be many
thousands engaged. It wasa fine spectacle and fine /fun to
the participants. This writer got the worst of the fight, just
as he has got the worst of it in all the battles of life. But
when overcome he was kindly treated by his captors and sent
back to his temporary home without having suffered any det-
riment. ,
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 221

Shortly before the opening of the campaign of 1864, that is
before active operations began, one bleak windy day in March,
not very cold, but awfully disagreeable, there was a grand
review and inspection of the whole army. This is the only
time that I ever saw General Johnston. I saw Hindman
and Hood and some others frequently, but I think that at this
general review is the only time I ever saw our general-in-chief.
At this review we had something less than 48,000 men under
arms—rations were issued to about that number. Over beyond
the mountains above Dalton Sherman had a force of 150,000.
During the whole campaign until General Johntson was re-
lieved of the command, the disparity between the two armies
remained about the same. And yet under these circumstances
positive orders were sent down from the ruling powers of the
Confederacy at Richmond that we must go forward; that Gen-
eral Johnston must make a forward movement. Undoubtedly
he could have made 4 forward movement; he could have
abandoned his position at Dalton; moved South and Westward,
and perhaps have flanked Sherman and gone into Tennessee,
as Hood did afterwards. He could not have made a movement
more pleasing to Sherman. But it is too late to discuss now
what might have been done; it is the business of the historian
to relate what was done.

When active operations began we entrenched ourselves
above Dalton to oppose the forward movement of Sherman.
That General was far too wary and wise to make a direct
attack upon us in our entrenched position. He knew that he
could not carry it. He felt it. He knew where its strong
points were, and he knew that, with ten times the number of
men he had with him, he could not break General Johnston's
lines by any direct attack. He did not make the attempt.
He knew, however, that kis army far outnumbered Johnston’s
and that he could increase his numbers by drawing on other
divisions in the North and West, and he knew that Johnston
hiad almost literally nowhere to draw from, as many thousand
men too old for military service and many thousand boys too
young were already in the ranks. These facts were as well
known to Sherman as they were to us, and therefore he knew
that it was utterly impossible for General Johnston to prevent
a flank movement. Flank he did, and General Johnston was
222 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

drawn out of his stronghold at Dalton and made to move to
Resaca, where the first fighting of the campaign was done.

The reader of this history will please pardon the writer if a
little personal narrative here and elsewhere mingles with the
story, for when one has been an actor in the scenes and inci-
dents he undertakes to narrate and describe it is almost im-
possible to keep the personality of the first person from in-
truding itself.

When active operations began and permanent camp was
broken up for good, this writer, with a few others, was de-
tailed to go with the wagons and superintend the cocking
which was done by colored servants belonging to officers and
soldiers of the regiment. This detail was not agreeable to the
feelings of the writer and he expressed as much to the Sergeant
who brought him the detail. This the Sergeant reported to
the Captain, who sent for the writer to appear before him.
The Captain explained that it was necessary for some one to
go, in whom they had confidence, and who was not a very
able bodied man. ‘‘Very well,’’ was the reply, ‘‘I will go, of
course. It is asoldier’s duty to go wherever he is ordered,
but if I do not like it am coming back here and report to
you.’’ He said all right and I took my detail from Assistant
Adjutant General Dean and left for the rear. This Captain
was Captain Chatham, a young man from Abbeville, who was
well liked as an officer and as a man. He was afterwards
mortally wounded by the same ball that wounded me and
permanently aisabled me as a soldier. If every gun fired by
the enemy had been as fatal to our ranks the Confederate
army would soon have been nowhere. I remained with the
wagons about ten days, having really a very comfortable time,
though slightly exposed to the fire of the enemy for a little
while at Resaca. All the while that I was with the wagons it
seemed as though I was out of placé and that a burden was
pressing upon me which grew heavier every day, and that I
must go back to my company to get rid of a weight which was
becoming well nigh intolerable. So one pleasant afternoon
about the middle of May I spoke to Captain Sullivan, of Edge-
field, Quarter-Master, and told him that I wanted to go back
tomy company. ‘‘Well,”’ he said in that quiet, easy way
habitual with him, ‘‘you may as well go.’ ‘The burden was
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 223

lifted at once and I felt that Iwas going home. I took my
knapsack and haversack, and in an hour’s time reported to
Captain Chatham and took my place in line. I found them
in line of battle at the time; but, indeed, they were always, or
nearly always in line of battle from the beginning of that cam-
paign to its close. A few days after this the feeling came
upon me that I would be wounded soon, but that it would not
kill me. I mentioned it to my brother, Sergeant Chapman,
who was with me; mentioned it several times. He said that
he had never felt any such sensations in all his three years’
experience of the war. Every day for a week or ten days
before the time arrived I could feel the fatal moment draw-
ing nearer and nearer, as sensibly as the eye can perceive any
object moving before it. At last on Sunday night, the night
of the 20th of May, 1864, it came. On Saturday the 28th
Granberry’s Texas brigade had a sharp encounter with the
enemy. Manigault’s brigade relieved them and took their
position, and all day Sunday we lay in presence of the enemy
near enough to hear a loud voice speaking across the interven-
ing distance. While lying here I said to my brother,
‘Thomas, I’ll get it soon, but it won’t kill me.’’ At about
two or half past two that night as we were all lying down in
line—some firing going on all the time—suddenly—it seemed
to me quite near—a gun fired. The ball came diagonally
across the line, passed through my right leg just above the
ankle, tearing out the smaller bone, as I was lying on my left
side; struck Captain Chatham near the pit of the stomach and
lodged in his bowels. My first words spoken after I received
the wound were: ‘‘Boys, I’ve got it;’’ the next, ‘‘O Lord, how
it hurts!’ I got up and tried to walk, but could not touch
the right foot to the ground, but stood on the left, supported
by the gun. Sergeant Mathis or Matthews, then said to me:
“Mr. Chapman, lie down.’’ I replied: ‘*Take me to the rear.”’
I knew that I was done for for that time. Billie Reese with his
litter then came up. I was placed very carefully upon it and
borne off. I asked Billy about my gun and told him that I
wanted it properly taken care of and sent to the ammunition
or arsenal wagon. ‘‘O,’’ he says, ‘damn your gun we are
after taking care of you now.’”’ Captain Chatham and myself
were both carried back together to a little house somewhere.

 
224 HISTORY‘ OF EDGEFIELD.

At this little house, just before I was lifted into the wagon to
be transported to Marietta, I saw Captain W. S. Peterson for
the last time. He had a few days before returned from re-
cruiting service and immediately resumed command of his
company. He was afterwards killed at Atlanta in one of
Hood’s fool-hardy efforts to carry Sherman’s works by storm.
Captain Chatham was alive when I left him, but he died that
evening or night.

A few days before I was wounded and my military service—
service in the field—closed forever, we had a fight at New
Hope Church. As we marched down the road towards the
church, which was quite near, taking note of what a clean,
pleasant place it was, I remarked to my comrades: ‘‘Boys,
this would be a mighty pretty place for-a fight.’’ Soon we
were halted and marched down to the right in the woods, and
began to throw up breastworks. A sharp engagement soon
ensued, in which the Federals engaged were severely pun-
ished. Our brigade was not actually engaged, though it was
under fire. The Federals called this engagenient the ‘‘Battle
of Pumpkin Vine Creek;’’ we called it the ‘‘Battle of New
Hope Church.’’ I suppose there was a pumpkin vine creek
somewhere about. Long after the war a monument was
erected to commemorate the career of some New York Regi-
ment, and engraved upon it were the names of all the battles
in which the regiment had been engaged during the war, with
the losses sustained in each. The getters up of the monument
were very well pleased with the whole concern, until they
came to Pumpkin Vine Creek, in which battle the regiment
had sustained very heavy loss, heavier, indeed, than it had
sustained in any other battle. But Pumpkin Vine Creek!
They could not stand the name! The idea of suffering so
much at Pumpkin Vine Creek! They could not stand it. At
length they happily discovered that the Confederates had
given the name of the Battle of New Hope Church to this en-
gagement. This name was adopted and the monument stands
with the name of New Hope Church engraved upon it.

From Marietta I was carried to Atlanta and placed in
Gilmer Hospital, which was in charge of Dr. Michel, of Char-
leston. My ward was under Dr. Rutherford, of Kentucky,
a kind-hearted, good man, to whom I am under many obliga-
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 225

tions for courtesies shown in bringing me books, and in other
ways. Books! Books! How hungry I was for books! What
a glorious time I dreamed of having when I could get home
and find myself amongst my books once more! In hospital I
devoured everything in the shape of books that I could get
hold of. Some kind lady brought the life of Daniel Webster;
and some one gave me a copy of Young’s Night Thoughts.
That is a grand book. ‘Though over two hundred years old, it
is as fresh and good to-day as it was when it was first pub-
lished. From that book more pithy sayings have gone into
the common English speech, and have become the property of
the thought and language of the people than from any other
printed in the English language, except the Bible, and that is
not origin#ily an English book.

The hospitals remained at Atlanta until the approach of the
combatants necessitated a removal to Forsyth.

Here I must be permitted to correct a statement made by
General Howard in his account of this campaign. He says it
rained almost incessantly during the month of May. In fact it
rained very little during May; but it rained day and night
during June. All through the month of June, 1864, I was
lying on my back in the hospital tent, listening to the weari-
some clang of iron and machinery at the Confederate work-
shops, which were not far off, and watching the steady down
pour of rain. It was June and not May, General Howard,
during which there was a steady down pour of rain almost
without cessation. [here was, however, one tremendous fall
of rain in the early part of the night of the 9th of May, to
which I wasexposed. And that was very nearly all the rain
that fell during May; but through June it fell day and night,
nearly all the time.

On the roth of August I received a furlough for sixty days.
The hospital was then at Forsyth. From Forsyth we had to
go to Macon, at which place we were delayed just 23 hours.
At Macon we saw Stoneman and his raiders, who had recently
been captured and were then about to take the train for Char-
leston. They were an insolent looking set of fellows, and
their appearance, deportment, and general manner inspired
this writer with no worse feeling than a very natural and
laudable desire to kick them. From Augusta we had to pass
226 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

through Branchville, Orangeburg, and Columbia on the way
home. I had heard of the good deeds of that noble lady, Mrs.
Rowe, and at Orangeburg I was so happy as to see her come
on board with baskets of provisions for the hungry soldiers.
Being convalescent after a sojourn in hospital of a little over
ten weeks, I was always hungry. As soon as I saw Mrs,
Rowe’s benevolent face I smiled and bowed to her. She came
to me at once, opened her basket, and gave me to eat until I
was ashamed to eat any more, and thought that I, must leave
something for some other sufferer. That night I slept at the
Wayside Hospital, in Columbia, not the Ladies’ Hospital, and
left more hungry in the morning than when I arrived there at
night. On the 13th of August I arrived at home safe, and
found all well and at peace. The clang of arms was not heard
in that section, (Mount Enon) though some small part of the
Confederate Army, cavalry, camped for a day and night only
afew miles away. The Federal Cavalry that did so much
devilment in the lower part of Edgefield and Newberry, did
not come nearer than thirty miles of us. I laid aside the
weapons of carnal warfare forever, and when the time comes
to go to my eternal home, I think I can say with truth, that,
whatever my feelings may have been and are towards the
Yankees, I have never killed nor hurt one of them.

But I have written enough, and more than enough, the
reader may very properly think of my own personal adventures
during the comparatively short time in which I was in the
field, though the whole term of my service was over eighteen
months. My excuse must be that as men grow old they be-
come garrulous.
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 225

AXYV.

THE SEVENTH REGIMENT,

As already stated the volunteers from Edgefield were mostly
embodied in the Nineteenth and Seventh Regiments. Those
in the Nineteenth went West and were in all the campaigns
and battles in Kentucky, Tennessee, Alabama, Mississippi, and
elsewhere disastrous or fortunate; and those who endured or
survived so long were with Johnston at the final: surrender.
Some were in the Twenty-fourth which also went West. Those
in the Seventh were early sent to Virginia and shared in ali
the glories and disasters that befell Lee’s veterans from the first
fight at Bull Run to the closing scenes around Richmond and
the falling of the curtain at Appomattox.

The story of that regiment as told by one who was in it and
part of it, almost from the first until very nearly the clese now
lies before me, and from it I propose to condense briefly anv re-
late its history. It was organized at Camp Butler, S. C., April
15th, 1861, toserve for twelve months; Thomas G. Bacon,
Colonel; Robert Fair, Lieutenant Colonel; Enimet Seibies,
Major. It.was amongst the first to go to Virginia and with
the Second, Third, and Eighth it formed a brigade under M.
L. Bonham, afterwards under J. B. Kershaw. This regiment
was not engaged at the battle of Bull Run, First’ Manassas,
though under artillery fire. The writer of the sketch, from
which we draw, enlisted for the war ina re-enlisted company
(M), of which E. Jerry Goggans was elected Captain on the
24th of March, 1862, and joined the regiment on the Penin-
sula. On the Peninsula they were under command of General
J. B. Magruder until the arrival of General J. E. Johnston.
They were near, but not engaged in the battle of Williamsburg.
On the 12th of. May, 1862, the regiment was re-organized. At
an election for field officers held on the 13th, D. Wyatt.
Aiken was elected Colonel; Elbert Bland, Lieutenant Colonel;
and White, Major. This regiment was in all the campaigns
of the Peninsula and around Richmond under Magruder and
Johnston and Lee. They were in the desperate conflict at.
Malvern Hill, where Lieutenant J. R. Bouknight was killed.

 
228 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

"They were in the invasion of Maryland, fording the Potomac
where it was about 400 yards wide. Some soldiers stripped
naked in order to keep their clothes dry; most of them only
pulling off their pants and drawers, keeping on their shirts;
some only rolled up their breeches, and these got their clothes
wet, as the water came up higher than they could roll their
breeches.

In Maryland they met many friends and some foes. The
friends would smile and wave their handkerchiefs, and a smile
from a lovely girl was very charming. The enemies would
close their doors as the Confederates passed, grin and make
faces at them through the windows. As they passed Freder-
ick City great demonstrations were made by both friends and
foes—some ladies brought pails of water; some milk, some
bread, some waved handkerchiefs, and Confederate flags, while
others waved Union flags from the windows and held their
noses as the Southerners passed. ‘‘A Georgia Major, inspired
by the occasion and by liquor was riding along the lines and
speaking. He was calling the attention of the citizens to the
grand, invincible army of the South. As he passed Kershaw’s
brigade he said: ‘I’m a Georgian, but I give to South Caro-
lina the honor of beginning this struggle for liberty?? We
cheered him and he'gassed on.”’

This regiment was at the taking of Harper’s Ferry and
played an important part in that enterprise. ‘They were at
the battle of Sharpsburg, where Colonel Aiken fell, shot
through the lungs, and the regiment lost 169 killed and
wounded, being half that went into action. Company M lost
17 killed and wounded out of 29 that were present on the field
of battle. Major White was killed in this battle. After
crossing the Potomac at Winchester on the return from Mary-
land after the battle of Sharpsburg, Lieutenant Colonel Bland ~
took command of the regiment. He had been wounded at Sav-
age Station and was not at Sharpsburg. J. S. Hard, senior Cap-
tain, became Major. He was afterwards killed at Chickamauga.

IJ am tempted to give here large extracts from this Diary of
Sergeant J. J. McDaniel, of company M, as personal narratives
always have great charms for me; but I am compelled to
forego that pleasure. I yield, however, to the temptation to
give a description of ‘‘winter quarters.”’
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 229

‘‘The Seventh Regiment remained encamped near Fredericks-
burg from the time of the battle of the 13th of December till the
roth of January, 1863. On that day McLaw’s Division moved
back some six miles from town, where we could obtain wood
plentifully. For where a dtvision encamps during the winter
in a cold climate, it takes but a little while to clear large
fields, leaving not a tree, where so lately waved a large forest.
Our brigade was placed in the midst of a dense forest, the
regiments composing it being crowded together closer than
usual. Here we went regularly into winter quarters, and I
will describe here the appearance of some of our quarters.
With the exception of a very few officers we had no wall
tents; but a simple fly, which is a piece of canvass stretched
across a ridge pole, generally raised on two forks as high as
you could reach, so as to be convenient to hang up articles.
We often run our waist belts around the pole, buckling them for
a ‘rack,’ or swing for our guns, and these in their turn serving
to hang clothes upon and other articles of campequipage. The
ends of the canvass we pegged to the ground on each side,
some six or seven feet from the upright forks, leaving the
tent open at both ends, with but little inside. To obviate this
inconvenience most of the messes built log pens 3 or 4 feet
high, and put the fly on top of this pen, which, when daubed
with mud, formed an excellent wall to exclude the rigor of
the winter. To complete the tent a chimney must now be
built. This is first made of sticks and afterwards daubed with
mud. Many being too lazy to build their chimney high
enough with sticks, obtained empty flour barrels, which they
set on top to lengthen out the funnel. These generally burnt
up, as they could not be daubed or plastered with mud to
shield them. It was no uncommon thing to hear a passer-by
cry out to the inmates, ‘Your barrel is on fire.’ But there are
other kinds of tents or quarters which some build without any
canvass. ‘These resemble the roof of a house, and are made by
leaning poles or boards against the ridge pole at an angle of
about 45 degrees, and covering these with leaves and dirt, torm
avery warm tent. Others again, when they are camped on
the side of a hill, cut out a tent in the side of the hill, making
solid walls of earth, and thus literally, Esquimaux fashion,
burrowing under ground. These excel all others in warmth.
230 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

“The next question after the tent is finished is how shall we
sleep? for it is unhealthy to sleep on the ground, with nothing
-but your bedding under you, though some do it. The plan
generally adopted is to drive up four forks some 2 feet high,
form a scaffold, and cover this with small poles, upon which
make your bed. This seems pretty rough at first, as soldiers
don’t have bedding enough to make the poles soft, yet in a
Sew nights they would not exchange them for feather beds.

‘The amusements and employments of our soldiers while in
“winter quarters were various. The inclemency of the weather
during this winter in Virginia, was such that for weeks we did
nuiot drill. There were many heavy falls of snow, generally
followed by rain. Two or three days after a heavy fall of
snow the country for miles around would be full of soldiers
hunting rabbits. When they would get on one’s track in the
snow, they would be almost sure to ‘jump’ him, and then he
was almost sure to be caught, for, hindered on one hand by
the deep snow, and, headed on all sides by soldiers, he was
soon captured. I have known some exciting races.

“Another great sport was snow balling. Frequently when
weu showed your head outside of your tent you would be
saluted with a volley of snow balls, and if you were not dis-
posed to join in the fight your best policy would be to doubie-
quick out of danger. I have frequently seen one regiment
arrayed against another in these snow ball battles, led by their
‘respective officers. In fact, I have seen two brigades meet in
these bloodless contests, each man having a haversack full of
ready-made snow balls. In such a battle the air is white with
the flying missiles, darting sportively through the contending
‘ranks.

“Other favorite sports were the various games of town ball.
But I am sorry to say that many spent most of their time at
-eards, playing and betting on games of chance. I have known
soldiers paid off 2 or 3 months’ wages, and before night lose it
‘all gambling. How much more profitably it would be to them
fo spend their time in reading some religious book or tract, and
then save their money, character, and morals.

“Nothing of an exciting nature occurred for some time to
‘break the dull monotony of camp life in winter quarters. We
received a daily mail from Richmond, together with the daily
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 231

papers, which served asa source of instruction and a means of
employing profitably much of our time. ‘he ‘Dispatch,’
‘Whig,’ ‘Examiner,’ and ‘Sentinel’ were eagerly sought to
learn the latest news. We paid for each of these papers mostly
15 cents, sometimes less and frequently more. We sometimes
formed clubs of eight or ten, which would enable the club to
read all the dailies at a small cost to each member. ‘T'he
Illustrated Southern News was the favorite weekly, in which
we received a-likeness and history weekly of some of our dis-
tinguished generals. We also received a great many religious
papers and tracts, sent by the various religious associations
for that purpose throughout the Confederacy. ‘These, like
bread cast upon the waters, will doubtless be gathered after
many days. Their fruits in part were seen in the revivals
which followed in the spring. . . . Our camp had the
appearance of a busy workshop on cold winter evenings. You
could see the soldiers coming and going in all directions,
carrying wood for the night, and the sound of many axes re-
sounded throughout the camp.

“Our regiment picketed at Fredericksburg. When it came
our turn to go we would stay a week and quarter in the houses
around the town.. We picketed up the river, near a mile
above town, opposite Falmouth, a small place on the north
bank of the Rappahannock. The VYanktes were stationed on
that bank and we on the south. By agreement the pickets
did not fire at each other across the river near Fredericksburg.
For awhile they exchanged papers, and the Yankees would
swap coffee for tobacco. The means by which this traffic was
conducted was a very small boat into which they put the
articles, and then arranging sails it was carried over by the
winds. The Yankee officers captured one that some of ours
sent over called the ‘Body Louse’. They stated in their ac-
count of it that they would send it to Washington to be placed
in the patent office as a curiosity.”’

But winter quarters passed away; and the campaign of 1863,
with all its battles and bloodshed, began about the middle of
April. ‘In May of this year was fought the battle of Chancel-
lorsville, where Stonewall Jackson was killed, a loss from
which the Confederacy never recovered. The writer of the:
Diary from which we are reading says: ‘‘Chancellorsville,
232 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

which consisted of a large house used as a hotel and latterly
as a female boarding school, was all in flames when he saw it.
It had been set on fire by our shells. This was Hooker’s
headquarters, and report says that while leaning against a
piazza post it was knocked down by a cannon ball, precipi-
tating him tothe ground. He villianously retained several
ladies in the house, saying to them that General Lee would
not fire on the house while they were init. The Richmond
Dispatch gave the names of the ladies, and a full account of
it. They plead with the brutal coward, telling him that
General Lee would not sacrifice a victory for the sake of a
few ladies—that there was too much at stake—the cause of
the entire Confederacy. Yet he would not let them go till the
house was in flames, and then he had to move his own carcass
to a safer place.’?’ Some wounded soldiers were burned to
death in the house, and many in the woods which took fire
from Jackson’s artillery.

It would be a pleasure to give the sergeant’s account of this
battle in full, and of the march of the army into Pennsylvania
and of the battle of Gettysburg, but want of space forbids.

The writer of the Diary was wounded at Gettysburg—shot
clear through the body, the ball passing through the lungs.
As soon as he was able to travel he was sent home, leaving
the army on the 2nd of July, 1863. He returned to it again,
arriving there on the 19th of July, 1864, having been absent a
little over one year. His Diary contains an accuotint of the
movements of the army and of the battles in which his regi-
ments were engaged during his absence. After his return he
served faithfully, continuing his record until the 28th of
December, 1864, when he was honorably discharged from the
army on account of his wound, which, it was considered, en-
tirely disabled him for further military service. He left
Richmond on the 29th of December, 1864, and arrived at
home on Monday, the 2nd of January, 1865. Having been
wounded at Gettysburg, he was not with his regiment when it
was sent to the assistance of Bragg at Chickamauga, nor
when it passed through Middle and East Tennessee on the
return to Virginia.

The Diary is well written, and could it be printed and pub-
lished, it would make a valuable contribution to the history of
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 233

the war. It portrays faithfully the spirit which animated the
men in the ranks.

But perhaps enough has been written in this book about the
war. In that time of fiery trial, as far as is known to this
writer, Edgefield did her part nobly and well.

We will go back for a little while to an earlier period in our
history and give a brief account of one of the dead towns of
Edgefield and its father and builder.

We will give first, however, the following papers from the
Edgefield Advertiser of July 31st, 1861, and June irth, 1862:

SOLDIERS’ RELIEF ASSOCIATION.

A meeting of the ladies of Edgefield and its vicinity was
held at the Masonic.Hall on Monday morning at 10 o’clock.
The meeting was called to order and Mrs. J. A. Bland was
called to the Chair. After stating the object of the meeting
the following preamble and resolutions were offered by Mrs.
Captain Bland and unanimously adopted:

WuHerzas, Asourcountry is involved in all the turmoil and
strife of horrid war, and all that is dear to us is at stake.

Resolved, That we, the ladies of Edgefield, do desire to aid our brave
and suffering soldiers, so far as it is in the province of woman to do.

Resolved, 2nd. That we form ourselves into a Soldiers’ Relief Asso-
ciation.

Resolved, 3rd. That the object of this Association shail be the pro-
curing and making of all articles necessary for the comfort of all the
troops without discrimination who represent Edgefield.

Resolved, 4th. That each lady on paying the sum of one dollar, or its
equivalent, shall become a member of the Association, and entitled to all
privileges.

Resolved, 5th. That a committee be appointed to nominate officers
for the Association.

Resolved, 6th. That the officers consist of.a President, Vice- President,
Secretary, Treasurer, and twelve Directors.

A committee was appointed and the following officers nomi-
nated and unanimously elected:

                         

Vice-President—Mrs. J. A. Bland.

Secretary—Mrs. R. H. Mims.

Treasurer-—Mrs. Joseph Abney.

Directresses—Mrs. N. L. Griffin, Mrs. William P. Butler,
Mrs. H. R. Spann, Mrs. E. Bland, Mrs. Mary Miles, Mrs.
234 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

‘

John Maloy, Mrs. John Huiet, Mrs. Henry T. Wright, Mrs.
Lewis Jones, Mrs. A. G. Teague, and Miss Cornelia Jones.
The meeting then adjourned to meet once a week.

PRESENTATION OF A FLAG TO THE HOLCOMBE LEGION.

Mrs. Pickens, whose maiden naine this Legion bears, has
presented them with a beautiful flag and a beautiful letter
accompanying it, as follows:

Officers and Soldiers of the Holcombe Legion:

I can find no words with which to thank your gallant
Colonel for the compliment he has paid me, in giving to his
noble command the name I once bore; but I trust the presen-
tation of this standard may in some small measure testify my
deep appreciation of the honor conferred upon me. In seek-
ing to render this ensign worthy of your valor and devotion, I
have placed first among its devices the armoiials of your be-
loved State, the glorious palmetto and crescent, emblenis con-
secrated to noble daring and high resolve, for they waved in
our harbor when Carolina stood alone in this momentous
contest, and floated over that heroic battery which threw its
steady and victorious fire into the arrogant ‘‘Star of the West.”’
I remember with pride that your commander, Colonel Stevens,
had charge of that battery, and thus early in the war estab-
lished a claim to Carolina’s grateful remembrance. While I
give into your honorable keeping the spotless escutcheon of
your State, I look with eager confidence toward that future,
when your heroism shall achieve for it a new lustre and re-
nown.

The dates inscribed 1776 and 1860 are eloquent with mean-
ing. The first commemorates our disenthralment from a
foreign foe, the second speaks to you of that glad hour when
we threw off the tyranuy of domestic wrong, and welcomed
the new birth of a higher freedom. If I have reversed the
Palmetto with the Lone Star of the ‘‘Imperial State of Texas,’’
if I have thus sought to associate on your battleflag the two
devices which share the devotion of my own heart, you will
not blame me; you will remember the bloody struggle, the
Spartan endurance, the indomitable courage by which she won
her right to honor and independence; and the chivalric, heroic
blood of Sotith Carolina which flowed at the Alamo will, to
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 235

the last day, challenge an admiring tribute from every son of
her soil. I feel assured that the noble motto inscribed on this
banner, ‘‘It is for the brave to die, but not to surrender’’—
is but the expression of the spirit which animates the breast of
every soldier in your midst. Patriotism ranks with us, as with
the ancients, first among virtues, and life is only worth keep-
ing that we may perform the duties belonging to it.

“Death comes but once to all,

Then how can man die better,
Than facing fearful odds

For the ashes of his fathers,
And the temple of his gods.”

And now I cannot resist telling you how anxiously I will
follow your every movement; what pride I will feel in your
moments of victory and success; and I will grieve if reverses
befall you. I earnestly pray that God will keep each one of
you in His charge, and that the fortune of war may give you
all you require, an opportunity to show yourselves a legion of
heroes. LUCY HOLCOMBE PICKENS.
236 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

XXXVI.

HAMBURG.

Hamburg and its founder have already been mentioned in
these pages, but the following account, which is copied
verbatim from the Atlanta Journal, and for the exact accuracy
of which this writer is not responsible, but which he believes
to be very nearly correct, gives some particulars of interest
which ought to be included in a history of Edgefield:

‘« «The dead towns of Georgia’ have been the subject of a
work of great interest and unusual merit, but as far as is
known, ‘the dead towns of South Carolina’ have not been
touched upon.

“Mr. William C. Sibley, President of the Sibley Mills of
Augusta, and a citizen that the Electric City prizes as one of
its most valued, was in Atlanta Thursday night. (This was
in June or July, 1891.) He wasin a reminiscent strain, and
told me some facts about the history of Hamburg, the desolate
city now populated by from one hundred to one hundred and
fifty lazy vagrant negroes, just across the river from Augusta.

‘He knew it when it was the centre of commerce for four
States, when hundreds upon hundreds of wagons each day
from Georgia, Upper and Lower South Carolina, North Caro-
lina, and Tennessee would roll into its streets loaded down
with articles of commerce.

‘“‘Along in the early thirties Augusta had an old German
citizen by the name of Schultz. The city was at that time a
trading centre for hundreds of miles of the sourrounding
country. Schultz was one of the wealthiest citizens. He
erected and owned three brick buildings on the north side of
Broad street, just below the monument, which are standing
until this day.

“They were known as the Bridge Bank buildings, because,
presumably, was a bank located there which was run by old
man Schultz and McKinney. Schultz also owned the bridge
that spanned the Savannah and connected Georgia and South
Carolina.

“The bank failed, as it owed money to Augusta; through
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 237

some lawsuit the city managed to get possession of the bridge.
This angered Schultz, and in a fit of Pique he vowed that he
would kill Augusta’s trade and build up Hamburg. He went
before the South Carolina Legislature, and on the strength of
his representations of the feasibility of establishing direct
trade between Hamburg, S. C., and Hamturg, Germany, bor-
rowed $50,000.

‘*This was in the year ’32, and in one night, where the
night before there was a howling wilderness, Schultz had up
the fronts of a row of houses. It was the terminus of the
South Carolina railroad, the first railroad of a hundred miles in
length that the world ever saw, and was on the side of the
Savannah river where the channel was the deepest.

‘“Hamburg grew to be the most important trading town in
the interior of South Carolina,-and-its business continually in-
creased till 1848. ‘When I first went there,’ said Mr. Sibley,
‘Hamburg received 70,000 cales of cotton, the remarkable part
of which was that 60,000 of them were in on wagons.’

‘**To show you what a town Hamburg was at that time,’
Mr. Sibley continued, ‘the city built a plank road from Hain-
burg to Edgefield, a distance of twenty-six miles. Along
about November and December the streets would be so
crowded with the wagons of the country people from four States
that frequently people would have to walk four or five blocks
before finding a place to cross.

‘**On the outskirts of the city the wagoners would strike
their tents, and frequently there would be as many as five or
six hundred of them in compact at a time. The road going
and coming for a distance of five or six miles would be literally
jammed up with wagons, rendering it almost impossible to
make more than a mile an hour.

‘“‘Old Schultz was a genius,’ said Mr. Sibley, smilingly,
‘and, like a good many other men of profound brain, wouldn’t
pay his debts. He was the most plausible of talkers and the
most industrious of workers. He had Hamburg laid out in
beautiful streets and Schultz’s Hill was a park of great
beauty.’

“A great many of these improvements were made with the
$50,000 which Schultz borrowed from the South Carolina Leg-
islature, and which, by the way, he never paid back. Schultz
238 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

came very near owing everybody he came in contact with, and
invariably failed to pay them. One day he had about twenty
Irishmen at work in front of his store and one of his creditors
told him, ‘Mr. Schultz, I don’t see how you can afford to hire
these men when you owe me and everybody else.’ ‘Well
sir,’ said the German, ‘I sacrifice my private interests to the
public good.’

‘‘There were two causes for Hamburg’s downfall. One of
them was the building of the Greenville and Columbia Railroad
and the other the cutting of the first Augusta canal.

“Tt was the first intention of the railroad builders to make
Hamburg one of the termini of the railroad, and they offered
to do soif Hamburg would make a subscription of $50,000,
but in those days there was great prejudice against railroads,
and the citizens of Hamburg were afraid that it would take
away their wagon trade, so the road was built to Greenville,
and fully one-half of Hamburg’s trade was taken away.

‘Then Augusta got Hamburg’s cotton that used to come
from up the river, because coming down the canal took away
the great danger of shooting the rapids. Hamburg gradually
grew from bad to worse, and finally, about the time of the war,
its sole population was composed of negroes.

‘‘Now it is nothing but almost a howling wilderness. Where
once the busy merchant sold his wares a lazy negro skulks;
where fine residences, that beatiful Southern women graced,
once stood, now negro ramshackles, with dirty pickaninnies
playing on the porch, are to be seen. The well-kept streets
are a mass of weeds, and Schultz’s beautiful park, under whose
trees many beautiful tales of love have been told, is now the
resort of negro pic-nickers.

‘The town has been through riots and fires, and no house
that has burned up or blown down has ever been replaced.

“Hamburg is surely an evidence of what narrow-minded,
illiberal citizens can do. It now serves but one purpose. It
is the battle ground for game cocks and bull dogs.

Je Co 8."

Let the people of Edgefield congratulate themselves that
Hamburg is no longer in their County. .

The following additional information in regard to Mr.
Schultz was derived from another source: Mr. Schultz,
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 239

the founder of Hamburg, was a native of Hamburg
in Germany. Whea about nineteen years of age he was taken
prisoner by Bonaparte and released upon the promise of not
bearing arms any more against the French, which he violated
and was re-captured. Napoleon, not caring to put a mere boy
to death, gave him liberty to emigrate to America. He came
to Augusta and first followed boating to Savannah. After
Augusta took possession of his bridge Mr. Schultz then went
before the Legislature of South Carolina and promised, if they
would help him, to build a town that would rival Augusta.
The State must have failed to fulfill some of its promises, for
after Schultz was ruined he was often seen in Columbia during
the sessions of the Legislature with his long overcoat dangling
around his heels and the mark of Cain upon his brow. After
Augusta took possession of his bridge he built a toll gate on
the Carolina side and collected his tolls from there. When
the courts decided the case against him Mr. Schultz tried to com-
mit suicide by firing a pistol in his mouth, but the bullet came
out at his forehead, greatly disfiguring his face.’’

Whether the State failed to keep any of its promises to Mr.
Schultz or not, is not known to this writer, most probably not;
but he was involved in a long lawsuit about his bridge, in
which he was loser and he sank the State’s $50,000. Ham-
burg was built as promised, and did for some years an immense
business.

We have already seen that, in the early settlement of this
country, some years before the founding and building of
Augusta, on the site afterwards occupied by the town of Ham-
burg, was an important trading station, at which, for many
years, a large business was carried on with the Indians up the
river all the way to the mountains and beyond. Fort Moore
was erected at that place for the protection of the trade. The
building of Augusta, which town flourished and grew rapidly,
drew off the trade from the Carolina side, and made the station
insignificant as a trading post. Three-fourths of a century
passed and Hamburg came into being through the energy of
Mr. Schultz; lived and flourished, and became the focus of a
great trade for many years; but it finally decayed and died
through the force of the influences already mentioned, the
cutting of the Augusta canal and the building of the Green-
240 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

ville and Columbia Railroad. Thus twice in the history of
the country has Augusta been largely instrumental in divert-
ing trade from the Carolina side and destroying the germ of a
city on the opposite side of the Savannah River.

Many years ago, going into Hamburg with wagons loaded
with cotton, we camped a short distance back on the uplands
on the Edgefield side, so that we could get into market as early
as possible. The sun rose clear and was shining bright and
clear in the uplands, but as we drove on we found the whole
valley of the river covered with a dense fog, and on that fog
was clearly and distinctly defined a white solar rainbow—no
colors. I saw the same, or a similar phenomenon, once on the
fog over the river as I walked down from Columbia to the
depot to take the cars for Newberry. In both cases the bow
was well defined and very distinct, white without colors,
having the same appearance as a lunar rainbow. ‘The white
solar rainbow appears upon a dense fog; the lunar rainbow
upon falling rain. While writing the above a perfect solar
spectrum, with all the colors that an analysis of the sunlight
gives, has formed itself upon the floor of the room. A broken
piece of glass resting with one edge upon the window sill
outside, the upper edge leaning against the window pane
touches it in such a manner as to act like a prism forming a
perfect spectrum upon the floor with all the colors beautiful
and bright. (January 14th, 1892).

To what has already been written of Hamburg must be
added that by Act of the Legislature, passed December 17th,
1813, Henry Schultz and Lewis Cooper were authorized to
build a toll bridge across the Savannah River so as to connect
the two places, Augusta and Hamburg. The bridge was
already in process of erection when the Act was passed. This
bridge was re-chartered December 18th, 1830.

Inspection and warehouse for tobacco authorized to be
erected December 20th, 1821, on the same day lands and slaves,
and indeed all property in the town, by Act of the Legislature
were declared exempt from taxation for five years. The town
was incorporated December 19th, 1827.

The Bank of the State was authorized to establish a branch
at Hamburg December 18th, 1830, and in December 1832
the Solicitor was authorized to convey the State’s interest
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 241

in Hamburg to Henty Schultz. The town was_ incor-
porated a second time, December 19th, 1835, and charter
amended in 1837. The Bank of Hamburg chartered
December 21, 1823, charter amended December roth, 1835,
and again December 21st, 1836.

There is a story or tradition connected with the history of
Hamburg that, with propriety, might be related here, as it
was a source of great amusement when it was first told.
Doubtless there are many persons now living in the County of
Edgefield who never have heard the expression: ‘‘The
Gyascutus has broke loose.’’ This, like many other slang
phrases, such as ‘‘That’s what’s the matter with Hannah,’
had a great run for awhile, but suddenly died and dropped out
of circulation, and passed into that dead region of limbo, where
all unrealities are sure to go at some time.

The phrase had its being and birth as follows: Just after
the close of the War with Mexico some volunteers from Vir-
ginia or North Carolina, who were under General Taylor in
the army of the Rio Grande, undertook to make their way
home on foot from Texas or from New Orleans. In all that
Western country there were jew, in fact, I believe no railroads
at that time. They found travelling on foot very pleasant, as
the weather was good, and they were soldiers and used to foot
wear. When they reached Hamburg they found that they
were short of funds, in fact, about out, with barely enough to
carry them another day’s journey. In this extremity they
were compelled to resort to some very energetic measures to
raise the wind. A caucus to consider ways and means was
held, and they came to the conclusion that a tax to defray ex-
penses must be levied upon the citizens of Hamburg and
Augusta, and as many of the inhabitants of the adjoining
country in Carolina and Georgia as they could reach. Ac-
cordingly they spent a day in Hamburg making preparations.
They hired a large hall, gave out that they would have on
exhibition there for one night, and for one night only, a very
large, strange, and furious animal, such an one as had never
been heard of nor seen in that part of the world before. They
had caught it, they said, somewhere in the wilderness of the
Mississippi swamps, one night when it invaded their camp.
It had devoured two of their number and was in the act of
242 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

swallowing the third, a very large man, when the survivors
succeeded in lassoing the monster and binding it so strongly
that it could not move. They had it firmly fastened in a
large car, or van, drawn by four of the strongest horses. The
car would cross the Augusta bridge about 4 o’clock in the
afternoon and drive into town in good season to have all ready
for the show, which would ‘open about 8 o’clock in the even-
ing. Of course there was great curiosity to see this wonderful
beast. The news spread like wild fire over town and country,
and long before night the streets of Hamburg were packed and
jammed. Such a crowd was never seen in that town before,
never has been since, and very probably will never be seen
there again.

Sure enough, about 4 in the afternoon the car made its ap-
pearance in Augusta in the street leading to the bridge, pre-
ceded by a single man on foot, making the air ring with the
shrill notes of a fife, playing the tune, ‘‘See, the conquering
hero comes.’’

In due time the car drove to the hall and drove into a closed
and covered shed in the rear; and.the announcement was made
that at eight precisely the front door would be opened to the
anxious crowd for admission to see this greatest of curiosities
the world had ever produced. In the mean time two men at
the door were kept busy selling tickets of admission to the
show. The price was one dollar each.

The earth rolled on, the sun sank and set, and eight o'clock
came, The door was opened and the crowd began to pour in.
The hall was well lighted, but there were very few seats.
But this made no difference, as there were no ladies present—
this strange, fierce animal not being considered altogether
proper for ladies to see. Over the far end of the hall a cur-
tain appeared to hang, on which was depicted a likeness of the
most uncouth creature ever seen, or that any imagination ever
conceived. This was said to be a good likeness of the Gyas-
cutus, which was the name of the monster supposed to be hid-
den in the rear. The hall was soon packed tight, but the
large windows were open to the cool night air, so that there
was no danger of suffocation. As the moment drew near for
the curtain to rise, so that the many eyes of the crowd might
see this greatest of the world’s curiosities, suddenly a deep
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 243

growl was heard behind the curtain. This was succeeded by
an awful roar, followed by a succession of screaming shrieks
and hisses, more terrifying than any the lions and tigers and
all the beasts of the jungle ever made. To say that the crowd
was startled is saying nothing. Many began to move towards
the door, some towards the windows, and not too soon, for
suddenly a mighty uproar and noise of breaking and crashing
timbers was heard, and the climax was reached when the show
man, who was near the far end of the hall, cried ott witha
loud voice: ‘'The Gyascutus is broke loose! The Gyascutus is
broke loose!’’ You better believe the crowd dispersed speedily.
In a short time, not only the hall, but the streets of Hamburg
were almost entirely deserted. Some never stopped running
until they were safe in Augusta. Some thought they could
clear the Savannah at a leap, tried it, and landed safe in the
mud on the Carolina side. In a little while the tumult sub-
sided, and the night that followed was the quietest ever known
in that part of the country.

In the morning an investigation was had; no damage was
found done to the building, but in the rear the very ghost,
and a dilapidated one, of a wagon or car was standing solitary
and alone a broken wreck; the four fine horses had vanished
and were very quietly standing in their stalls in Augusta and
eating their oats; the Gyascutus had indeed broken loose and
was never seen nor heard of any more, nor were those returned
soldiers from the War with Mexico ever seen or found. They
left with their pockets full of money, and were far away when
the morning broke. Who were they? Perhaps some of Ham-
burg’s own sons with some of the boys or Augusta on a
lark.

Ah, old men, contemporaries of this present writer, do you
feel sometimes, as he does, that there is no longer any fun in
the world? Or is the world what it was then, and has the
spirit of fun only evaporated from us? Does the Gyascutus
ever break loose now?
244 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

XXVIT.

FRANCIS HUGH WARDLAW

Member of the Secession Convention and one of the signers
of the Ordinance of Secession.

Francis H. Wardlaw, son of James Wardlaw and Hannah
Clarke Wardlaw, was born at Abbeville Court House, S. C.,
December 16th, 1800; was baptized by Rev. Robert P. Wilson,
of the Presbyterian Church; went to the common English
schools of Abbeville, taught by Francis Walker, William Sad-
ler, Flinn, Clary, Hooper, James Curry, and Thomas Fulton.
In 1812 he went to Willington, in Abbeville District, and
there attended for two years Dr. Waddell’s famous Classical
Academy. He spent the year 1815 at home at Abbeville Court
House, in studying arithmetic, algebra, trigonometry, and
surveying, under Captain William Robertson, and in writing
in the Clerk’s office under his father, then Clerk of the Court
for Abbeville District. He entered the South Carolina Col-
lege April 13th, 1816, and graduated with first honor of his
class in December, 1818. Read law in the office of A. Bowie,
Esq., at Abbeville Court House, and was admitted to practice
law at Charleston, January, 1822, and equity at Columbia,
May, 1822. He settled at Edgefield near the eud of February,
1822, and practiced law there in partnership with Whitfield
Brooks until the fall of 1825; with William Garrett from 1826
to 1828; with D. L. Wardlaw from 1831 to 1841, and with
William C. Morange from 1841 to 1846; was editor of a news-
paper at Edgefield from March, 1829, to the spring of 1832;
elected to the State Convention from Edgefield in 1832, and to
the House of Representatives of South Carolina Legislature in
1834 and 1838; was partner of R. H. Spann’s in 1850; was
elected Chancellor December 3rd, 1850, and Judge in the
Court of Appeals December 21st, 1859; delegate from Edge-
field in the conventions of 1852 and 1860, being one of only
four or five persons who were members of all three conventions
above mentioned; 1832, 1852, and 1360.

He was married at ‘‘Airville’’ near Hamburg, in Edgefield
District, Wednesday evening, April 22nd, 1835, to Ann
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 245

Gresham Lamar, daughter of Thomas Gresham Lamar and
Martha Leland Cary, by Rev. Henry Reid, Presbyterian min-
ister from Augusta. By this union he had seven children,
three of whom died young. One son, Lieutenant T. Lamar
Wardlaw, was killed at Fort Moultrie, July 17th, 1862,
another son, Francis H. Wardlaw, died December 5th, 1887,
at Edgefield where he was practicing law. One son and one
daughter only are now living, Mrs. J. W. Hill, of Edgefield,
and J. Lewis Wardlaw, of Fairfield County. Chancllor
Wardlaw died at Columbia in the house of Major Theodore
Stark, May 29th, 1861, and was buried at Edgefield Court
House, South Carolina.

As a lawyer and judge of law I have heard this related .of
him: A decision of his was once quoted in a court at West-
minister, the opposing counsel ridiculed the idea of resorting
to South Carolina law as a precedent for Englund or English
courts, whereupon the presiding Judge remarked that the de-
cision in question was worthy of the highest respect and would
do honor to the courts of any country.

JOHN E. BACON.

The writer of this history is indebted to Frank Leslie’s
illustrated newspaper and to Appleton’s Biography for the ,
following notice of Honorable John FE. Bacon. Mr. Bacon,
recently minister from the United States to Uruguay and
Paraguay, was born at Edgefield, S. C., and is now between
fifty-five and sixty years cof age. (January, 1892) His family
have been identified with the State of his birth from its earliest
history, and members of it have enjoyed many offices of honor
and trust. He was graduated with distinction at the South
Carolina College in 1852, and was admitted to the Bar in 1854.
He was sent to St. Petersburg as Secretary of Legation, and
married there the youngest daughter of ex-Governor Pickens,
then the Minister at that Court. He is an accomplished lin-
guist, speaking French, Spanish, Italian, and Russian.

Mr. Bacon entered the Confederate Army in 1861, at the
commencement of the war and served throughout the struggle,
reaching the rank of Major. After the war, finding himself
completely impoverished, he returned to the practice of his
profession and was soon in the enjoyment of an unusually
246 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

large and lucrative business. In 1867 he was elected District
Judge for the District of Edgefield, and presided regularly
until deposed by the Federal Commander, and a ‘‘Military
Judge’ was put in his place. In 1872 he removed to Colum-
bia, where he has ever siuce resided. In that year he was
elected President of the largest Democratic Club in the city,
and was re-elected four consecutive times. During this period
he was also a member and Secretary of the State Democratic
Executive Committee, and also a member of the County Ex-
ecutive Commiittee.

In 1878 Judge Bacon was sent to the Legislature for the
purpose of reopening the South Carolina College. He was
made Chairman of the Committee on Education, and, by the
aid of his able colleagues and other experienced members, the
measure was put through, after a severe struggle, the bill
passing the Senate by the vote only of the distinguished Presi-
dent of that body. Judge Bacon regards his connection with
the re-establishment of this collex2 on a solid basis—.vhereby
the young men of the State can get a first class collegiate edu-
cation for about the third of the cost of amle-belum days—
with greater pride and satisfaction than any, indeed, all of the
acts of his life.

In 1884 Judge Bacon was elected a member of the State
Convention for the nomination of delegates to the National
Democratic Convention at Chicago and of Pesidential electors,
and was himself nominated an elector and elected.

In 1885 he was appointed United States Minister by Presi-
dent Cleveland, at Montevideo, and in 1887 his salary was
almost doubled in consideration of able and meritorious ser-
vices. Upon the election of President Harrison he resigned
his office and returned to Columbia, where he died in the early
part of the year 1897.

JOSEPH ABNEY.

Joseph Abney was a native of Edgefield District, of the
Saluda side, and was born December 2nd, 1819, near the river
not far above what is now Herbert’s Ferry, then Lorick’s.
His father was John Abney, his mother Agatha Griffith. His
mother was his father’s second wife. His father’s father was
a Virginian, and among the first comers to that section of
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 247

country. His mother’s people were of Welsh descent. The
education of Joseph Abney was as good as it was possible for
him to get in the schools and academies of the country. His
father died when he was only three or four years old, and his
mother married again, a Mr. Cadaway Clark, a kind, good
man, who treated his step-sons, Joseph and John, with great
kindness. Joseph Abney was not a graduate of a college, but
he was a fairly good classical scholar and mathematician. He
was a hard and diligent student and a natural orator. His
command of language was so great, and he so far stirpassed
the other boys at school as a speaker, that he received the
name of the orator, which he really deserved. After his edu-
cation was completed as far as his limited. means enabled him
to carry it, he taught school to acquire money upon which to
live while reading law, having chosen that profession as his
business for life. He was quite successful as a teacher,
winning the love and respect of his pupils. He read law at
Abbeville in the office of Mr. Perrin, and had for a companion
in his studies, a young man, who afterwards became eminent
as a lawyer, as a soldier, and asa Judge—Samuel McGowan.
He was admitted to practice law in Columbia in the year 1842;
the same year and place in which his friend and companion,
Samuel McGowan, was admitted. Henry R. Spann, another
Edgefield lawyer, was admitted the same year.

After Mr. Abney was admitted he located at Edgefield Court
House, the county seat of his native District. Asa lawyer he
was quite successful, building upa good and lucrative practice,
which he held through life. When the war with Mexico came
on, after the annexation of Texas, he volunteered, was elected
Lieutenant, and served in the Palmetto Regiment as such until
the close of the war. In the city of Mexico he was attacked
by an enemy which was more fatal to our soldiers than the
bullets of the Mexicans had ever been—the dysentery. He
lay prostrated for many days, seemingly at the point of death,
unconscious part of the time, and weak and helpless as a babe.
He attributed his recovery to the faithful and careful nursing
and attention of a good Catholic Priest, who sat by him for
many hours at a time with his finger on the pulse of his wrist,
administering ice. The good Priest graduated the quantity of
ice given by the strength and rapidity of the pulse beats. If
248 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

he felt the pulse growing too weak he would leave off the ice
for awhile, and then when the fever rose to too great a height
he would give the ice again. In this way, and by careful
nursing, the patient slowly won his way from the shadow of
death back to life again.

After the war Mr. Abney returned to his home in Edgefield,
and resumed the practice of the law. A few years before the
war he married Miss Susan Miller, a beautiful and accom-
plished woman, a lovely and amiable wife. In the late war
between the States he was again a volunteer in the service of
the Confederate States, in which he held the rank of Major.

He died a few years after the war at his home at Edgefield,
leaving a widow and two daughters surviving him. His
widow, a few years after his death, married T. 8. Arthur, a
lawyer of Greenville, who afterwards settled at Lexington,
where she has since died.

Mr Abney left no sons; there were two, Paul and Charles,
born. His daughter Agatha, who married Rev. Mr. Woodson,
is living at their home in Edgefield where her father died.
His daughter Eleanor is not living, not living in: this world,
but is, we hope, with her father and mother in a better.
Sophie died young.

JOSEPH ABNEY—ADDITIONAL.

He was Second Lieutenant in the Palmetto Regiment, com-
manded by Colonel Pierce Butler, during the War with
Mexico, and was severely wounded at the battle of Cheru-
busco. Lieutenant Sumter was also wounded in the same bat-
tle, and though they were both wounded early in the engage-
ment, yet they continued with their companies until the last
shots were fired.

In the War of Secession Joseph Abney was appointed-Major
in the Provisional Army of the Confederate States, and was
placed in command of the Second Battalion of South Carolina
Sharpshooters of three companies, commanded by Captains
ReO. Chisolm, Joseph Blythe Allston, and Henry Buist. Ap-
pointed July, 1862.

This battalion was united with the Charleston Battalion
under Lieutenant Colonel P. C. Gaillard, and formed the
Twenty-seventh South Carolina Infantry. Major Abney was
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 249

in all the battles around Petersburg, until he was wounded at
Drury’s Bluff, in the attack by Beauregard on Butler. The
Twenty-seventh South Carolina Infantry was in Johnson
Hagood’s Brigade, in the division of Major General Hoke, of
North Carolina, Longstreet’s corps.

He died at his home in Edgefield, at the Court House, in
the year 1869.

From the Edgefield Advertiser, ,February 12th, 1862, I
glean the following list of officers of the Twenty-Second Regi-
ment, South Carolina Volunteers:

Colonel—Joseph Abney, of Edgefield.

Lieutenant Colonel—S. D. Goodlet, Spartanburg.

Major—T. C. Watkins, Anderson.

Quarter Master—G. A. Taylor.

Commissary—W. C. Hillhouse.

Adjutant—P. B. Crocker.

Surgeon—Not yet appointed.

Assistant Surgeon—John B. Abney.

Sergeant Major—George B. Lake.

Assistant Quarter Master—J. Haltiwanger.

Assistant Commissary—C. A. Barry.

LIST OF COMPANIES.

Company A—Captain, Cicero Adams, Edgefield.

Company B—Captain, J. Wheeler, Spartanburg.

Company C—Captain, W. W. Hendrix, Spartanburg.

Company D—Captain, O’Connell, Pickens.

Company E—Captain, M. Hilton, Lancaster.

Company F—Captain, J. M. Stewart, Pickens.

Company G—Captain, James Orr, Anderson.

Company H—Captain, Jeff. Barton, Greenville.

Company I—Captain, H. Millhouse, Lexington.

Company K—Captain, M. S. Messer, Pickens.

From the Edgefield Advertiser of June 4th, 1862:

‘We understand that Colonel Joseph Abney, late of the
Twenty-second South Carolina Regiment, has received the
appointment of Major of Sharpshooters from General Pember-
ton. He goes to superintend the organization of the new
corps.’

 
250 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

JOSBPH QUATTLEBAUM.

It is impossible for the compiler of this history to give even
the very briefest biographical sketch of all the worthy dead of
Edgefield, who lived as private citizens. But now and then
there are some so worthy or so remarkable for some charac-
teristic, that it were a pity to pass them by without some
record. Among such may be numbered Dr. Joseph Quattle-
baum, of Ridge Spring, who has been justly mentioned as an
old time Southern gentleman. He died on the 6th of January,
1892, leaving a widow and seven children. One of his daugh-
ters, Mrs. Edwards, a lovely, amiable, and accomplished lady,
lived with her husband at Newberry for a few years, but
returned to Ridge Spring, where they were living at the time
of Dr. Quattlebaum’s death.

Dr. Quattlebaum was a native of Lexington County, but
lived for a long time at Ridge Spring. He was a good man,
genial and warmhearted, and a Christian. He was a loyal
friend, steadfast, and true; chivalrous, hospitable, and gener-
ous. He was emphatically good company, being gentle and
genial, and of unfailing humor and good nature. This writer
met him a few times in the latter part of his life, and was much
drawn to him.

WILLIAM WALKER.

Few men reach, and few can hope to reach, the great age of
Mr. William Walker, who died on Friday, the 15th of
January, 1892, at the age of ninety years. He was a life-long
and very earnest Methodist. If he could have written the
recollections of his lifetime what a book he might have made.
He could have given us distinct recollections for eighty years
and a little more. He could have carried us back to the year
1810. He could have carried us through all the intervening
years and told us many items of interest of both public and
private history. How much is included in the words, ‘‘He
was a life-long and very earnest Methodist.’’ Four score and
ten, and the larger number of those years spent in the love
and service of God.

He died at his old home five miles north of Edgefield, and
was buried near thereby on Saturday, the day following his
death.
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 251

XXVIII.

AFTER THE WAR—RECONSTRUCTION.

In a book from which a brief quotation has already been
made, entitled ‘‘The South Since the War,'’’ by Sidney An-
drews, published in 1866, there is something said of the negro
situation, which it may be well to quote before we enter upon

‘the history of reconstruction. The writer says (he writes in
Orangeburg): ‘‘The district above this, Edgefield, has also
an undesirable name. At Columbia I heard two delegates
speaking of affairs therein. They admitted that many negroes
had been beaten. to death during the summer, and said the
planters were very slow in discovering what emancipation
‘meant. Among the negroes whom I met at Orangeburg was
one from Edgefield, who showed me a back not yet healed
from a severe whipping given him in August.’’ (This story
may be true, for this writer knew a negro man in Edgefield,
he is living yet, knew him from his birth, and he never was
whipped in all his life while a slave, but who was very severely
beaten, for what offense, if any, is not known to the writer,
some time during the year following the close of the war.)

‘The same author, Mr. Sidney Ardrews, thus writes of the
military murder of Calvin Crozier at Newberry: ‘‘In New-
berry District a case has recently occurred, in which the
negroes took justice into their own hands. It appears that in
a car which was standing on the track, were three or four
women and two Rebel soldiers—one of them a Texan. A
negro Sergeant had occasion to enter the car and was roughly
ordered out by the Texan. He responded to the effect that he
knew his own business and should mind it. The two Rebel sol-
diers thereupon seized him and undertook to thrust him out.
He resisted and the Texan stabbed him, inflicting what was sup-
posed to be a mortal wound. In an hour the two Rebels were
caught by the negro soldiers of the regiment to which the
Sergeant belonged, and in three hours more the Texan had
been tried by drum-head court martial, shot and buried. The
other Confederate escaped while they were taking him up for
trial, and will not be retaken.’’
252 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

A few more extracts must be made from this amusing book.
Of education the writer says: ‘‘Education never was general
in the State, and for the last two or three years it has been
almost entirely neglected. The ignorance of the great body
of the whites is a fact that will astonish anybody conversant
with the middle classes of the North. Travel where you will,
and that sure indication of modern civilization, the school
house is not to be found. Outside half a dozen of the larger
towns I have not seen a dozen in over six hundred miles of
travel. A few persons express the hope that the Legislature
will do something to set the college once more at work; but,
generally speaking, the indifference of the masses to the whole
subject of education is as startling as it is painful.”

Of the language used by the common people he says: “A
South Carolinian nevét thinks or guesses, ‘but ’lows or-reckens,
He hasn’t got no use for a Yankee no how, and thinks him a
no count fellow, or a low down trifling cuss of whom he would
like to get shet, and he will feel obligated to you if you will
help him out of his ill-fortunate situation; and dog-gone you,
as you are not an ill-conditioned man, and as he refugeed
from the Yankees he will take a little whiskey with you,
dry so.’’

Is it possible for a stranger, or for one unfriendly, to tell, or
even to see the truth about others? Sympathy is a great
quickener and enlightener of the intellect. The statement
above quoted in regard to education is entirely false. The
writer of this history was born and reared in the country,
many miles from any city; at least a dozen miles from the
nearest county seat of any county; twenty-six miles from the
county seat of his own county; four miles from the post office,
with only a weekly mail, which was carried bya rider on
horse-back—and yet there were-schools..every -year open the
year round for instruction in all the elementary branches of an
English education. In 1835 there was an academy or high
school founded at Mount Enon, remote from any town, city, or
village, in which a good classical education could be had, as
the school had for its principal and head-master one who was
a fine scholar, a graduate of Yale College and a native of the
county in which the school was. Schools in the same neigh-
borhood were kept open and in active operation during the
HISTORYsOF EDGEFIELD. 253

whole war. There is no reason to believe that this part of the
State was more highly favored than others.

As to the military murder of the Taxan soldier at Newberry,
for it was indeed and in truth a murder, it was not shown, nor
could it be shown at the drum-head court martial that he had
acted in an unjustifiable manner. The ladies in the car were
under his protection and the negro Sergeant was an intruder,
and being an intruder Crozier had certainly the right to put
him out if he could, since he would not go without it. Calvin
Crozier was a hero, and his death was one of the finest instances
of self-sacrifice of which I have ever heard or read. It was
some time after the difficulty was over before any arrest was
made, and then the colored soldiers arrested the wrong man, a
man who knew nothing of the difficulty and was not present
when it occurred—an employee of the railroad. They were
about to deal with him summarily when Calvin Crozier, the
Texan, who had stabbed the negro, who was then at large,
unrecognized and might have escaped entirely free, voluntarily
made himself known as the man and surrendered himself to
certain death to prevent another, and that other a stranger,
from suffering for what he had done. ‘To the honor of Prince
Rivers, who was an officer at the time in that colored regi-
ment, and who was afterwards somewhat well known at Edge-
field, be it said that he wanted to save, and tried to save
Crozier from the doom that awaited him. The people of New-
berry have honored themselves in erecting a monument to the
memory of Calvin Crozier.

The author of ‘‘The South Since the War’’ seems to have
been very fortunate in making acquaintance with the rude and
unlettered wherever he went. He must have taken special
pleasure in talking to all the ‘tornery cusses’’ he could find in
the country or on the road. Let it be hoped that he found
some improvement on his second visit, if he ever came again,
and that he found better fare at some stopping places than he
did at the hotel in Orangeburg in 1866.

CONTEST BETWEEN THE LEGISLATURE AND GOVERNOR.

In the third volume of the Statutes at Large, page 273, it is
stated that there were no Acts of the Assembly for the year,
1728, 1729, and 1730, but there is no cause nor reason given
254 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

as an explanation of the fact. The Legislature was often in
session during that time, and the explanation of the fact that
no laws were passed, is that there was no harmony between
the Governor and the Assembly, and it was found impossible
for them to work in harness together. The Governor, through-
out the contest, felt in duty bound to upkold the royal pre-
rogative, which, as he thought, was continually encroached
upon by the Assembly. During this period Arthur Middletou
was Governor, and, as the historian of that period says, ‘'the
encroaching disposition of the recently successful people forced
him to raise the barrier of the ‘royal prerogative’ so high that
his head was hid behind it.’? Both the Governor and the
Assembly were true to the principles each thought right, both
were loyal. It was the beginning of the contest between
Royalty and Republicanism, which finally culminated in the
triumph of the latter.

RECONSTRUCTION,

We will now proceed to give as briefly and succinctly as pos-
sible, at the same time with satisfactory fulness, a narrative of
the troublous times of re-construction. The years immediately
following the close of the war, were, in some respects, the
gloomiest and most trying we have ever experienced. We
hoped for awhile that the restoration of the Union and the
return to a settled and well-established Order might not be so
very dificult. These hopes were rudely dispelled and several
years of misrule and partial anarchy under military despotism
had to be gone through before the return of a settled peace. It
is no pleasure to the historian to write of this time. In truth
there are many things which the historian finds it necessary to
record, which fill him with sadness, and which he would gladly
pass over in silence, but he cannot. History is but the record
of the acts of men and women as they pass across the stage of
life, and it is for them to see that they act their parts well and
give the pen of the scribe something pleasant to record. We
today are making history. Since this writer began the History
of Edgefield in January, 1891, the whirligig of time has
wrought many changes, and many men, the puppets of the
hour, have cut many fantastic tricks before high heaven.

At the close of the war A. G. Magrath was Governor. The
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 255

State was conquered,.and prostrate, and helpless at the feet of
the conquerors. What next? was the question in the minds of
all. The ancient, institutions of the State were overthrown.
The State had no status, because she had no existence. For
the time being South Carolina was dead. Could she ever
revive and live again?

The years immediately following the war were not pleasant;
and we who had lived through it and remembered with what
glorious anticipation of success and independence we entered
into it, could not help but feel rather gloomy forebodings when
we faced the future.

For a moment, however, there was a gleam of light, and
we were cheered; but that rift in the cloud soon closed, and the
darkness was indeed visible, for we could see nothing else. In
looking back and reviewing the ten years immediately follow-
ing the conclusion of the war, it is often a matter of wonder
and surprise to the writer that the people were not more de-
moralized and desperate than they were, though they were
bad enough, worse than we wish ever to see them again.

Soon after the close of the war, Andrew Johnson, Vice-
President, having become President by the assassination of
Mr. Lincoln, sent for Benjamin F. Perry, of Greenville, an
able man, a man who had the respect and confidence of all
classes, and who had always been known and recognized as a
consistent and loyal Union man, to confer with him on the
measures to be adopted for the restoration of South Carolina
to her true position as one of the organic parts and members
of the Union. Mr. Perry was urged by his friends and by the
people to accept the invitation, as it was regarded as an earn-
est of the President’s good feeling towards the South and the
State. He accordingly went to Washington, where he was
received and treated with the greatest respect and considera-
tion. He received the appointment of Provisional Governor of
the State, and immediately went to work upon the basis agreed
upon by the President, and other prominent Northern men,
for the reconstruction of the State. Increased confidence in
the future was immediately felt all over the State by the ap-
pointment of Mr. Perry. He issued an ably written procla-
mation, which was received with enthusiasm by all, and a

hope of rescue from what seemed absolute ruin was fondly
256 HISTORY,,OF EDGEFIELD.

cherished. Civil government was restored; a Constitutional
Convention of the people was called; the State was reorganized
by the adoption of a Constitution, which, it was hoped, could
not be offensive to any. Of that Convention the members
from Edgefield were: Francis W. Pickens, George D. Till-
man, and ———————————__.

On the 18th of October, 1865, a Governor of the State and
members of the Legislature were elected. The members from
Edgefield were: Luke Culbreath, Dr. John Landrum, Thomas
Jones, M. L. Bonham, M. W. Gary, John E. Bacon, and
M. C. Butler; G. D. Tillman, Senator. James L. Orr, one of
the ablest and most eminent men inthe State, was elected
Governor. Senators and members of the House of Represen-
tatives were elected to the Congress at Washington. F. W.
Pickens elected United States Senator.

So far all seemed well, as if we were about to drop down
into the old grooves and move on as we: did before the war.
This was not to be for some years. Under the new Constitu-
tion and reorganization of the State, the courts were also reor-
ganized, and district courts were established for the trial of
minor causes and offences. Of this court at Edgefield, John E.
Bacon, Esq., was made Judge.

Unfortunately, the Legislature, at the session of 1865, passed
an act known as the Black Code, which discriminated between
the whites and blacks as citizens, separating them in the
courts; in fact, giving them different courts, and not recogniz-
ing their citizenship in all respects as equal to that of the
whites.

Whether this action of the Legislature was used as a pre-
text, or whether Congress and the Northern people would
have acted as they did in any case, is mere matter of conjec-
ture. Be this as it may, a change soon came over the spirit of
their dream, and the political sky grew cloudy. The Senators
and Representatives elected to Congress were not permitted to
take their seats. Several amendments to the Constitution of
the United States were made. Military government was estab-
lished in the State, with General Sickles as Commandant, after-
wards General Canby, who, under the -reconstruction acts of
Congress, ordered an election of delegates to a Constitutional
Convention to be held, and the Convention to meet on the 14th
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 257

day of January, 1868. The delegates to this Convention from
Edgefield were: Frank Arnim, R. B. Elliott, Davis Harris,
P. R. Rivers, John Mobley, and John Bonum. ‘This Conven-
tion was in session two months, and framed the Constitution
to meet the requirements of the Constitution of the United
States, and under that Constitution we now live. The State
was, in all respects, reconstructed before it could be recognized
as a member of the Federal Union. Under this new Constitu-
tion an election was held for Governor and for a full set of
State officers. Robert K. Scott, of Ohio, was elected Gover-
nor. He was inaugurated July gth, 1868.

From the time of the inauguration of Governor Orr, in 1865,
to the inauguration of Governor Scott, July 9th, 1868, the
State presented the singular spectacle of a dual government,
both civil and military. The military was on top, and the
civil government all the way through, from Governor down to
Magistrate, was only permitted the management and adminis-
tration of those affairs with which the military authorities did
not care to be bothered.

Governor Orr had certainly a very trying time. He was
allowed to retain his position as Governor, not as constitu-
tional and because elected by the people, but as provisional,
until the completion of reconstruction and the election of a
Governor. His position was surrounded with difficulties ‘from
which he was glac to be relieved by the election and inaugu-
ration of a successor.

With the inauguration and installation of Governor Scott,
the military government of the State ceased, and the United
States troops were withdrawn. The State was then declared
to be reconstructed and restored to its place in the Union.
Yes, South Carolina is in the Union again, but it is not the
South Carolina that we knew before the war. No vestige of
that old State remains, Whether the South Carolina of the
future will be better than of the past, the future only can tell.

The Senators and Representatives in Congress, elected
under the reconstruction acts and under the new Constitution
of the State, were permitted to take their seats, and since that
time the State has not been without its due representation in
Congress.

Such is a brief general view of reconstruction, which covers
258 | HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

a period of a little over three years, There were incidents
occurring in Edgefield during that period, and after, especially
until 1876, which ought to receive a more particular atten-
tion.

In closing this general view of reconstruction, it may be as
well to state that General Scott was reelected Governor in
1870, and thatthis administration was a very unsettled and un-
happy one. In 1871 the new County of Aiken was made and
established by cutting off parts of the Counties of Barnwell,
Edgefield, and Lexington. Edgefield supplied a considerable
part of the territory, giving Hamburg and Beach Island. The
county seat of the new county is at Aiken, a railroad town,
which was very near the line between Barnwelland Edgefield,
but in Barnwell. Many, many years ago this writer passed a
night at Aiken, when the inclined plane was still there and
the trains of cars were brought up and lowered by means of an
immense cable and stationary engine, one train of cars passing
down as another came up. I stood at the top of the incline
and watched the ascent and descent. I think Mr. Marsh was
the landlord of the hotel at which I stopped. One name over
a store door attracted my particular attention, as I had never
seen it before, nor have I ever seen it since. It was Eugene
Durbeg. What kind of business he was engaged in I did not
know, only that it was a mercantile business of some kind. I
have heard that Aiken was once pretty well burnt out by some
persons trying to burn out a yellow-jacket’s nest.

The latter part of the year 1865 was a very trying time for
the people of Edgefield, as well as for all other parts of the
South. Negro troops were placed at the Court House, appar-
ently to humiliate and mortify the old masters and rulers of
the country. The pretext was to keep the peace and ensure
protection to the lately emancipated. White troops would not
have been nearly so disagreeable. This writer, at that time,
all through the year 1865, was living twenty-five miles from
the Court House and never saw a negro soldier at any time,
only heard of them and knew of the great disintegration of the
old order of things that was taking place all around. During
that and the following year it was as though the foundations
of the great deep were broken up. The following anecdote
will give the young reader of this day a faint idea of the con-
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 259

dition of the country at that time. For the proper protection
of the late slaves it was required that all contracts for labor
were to be made in writing and before the proper officers duly
authorized to make the same. On one occasion a spirited old
lady got a gentleman to go with her to the Court House to get
the officer to sign a contract between her and her former
slaves. When they came to the office the negro guard sta-
tioned at the door said the ladies could enter, but men could
not. After the lady had gone in she was asked by the officers
what she would have, when she angrily replied that she had a
gentleman along to help attend to her business, but an old
negro at the door would not allow him to come in. Itis need-
less to say that her business was promptly and with dispatch
attended to.

From semi-military rule in 1865-66-67, the State passed
under Radical rule in 1868 when the military were withdrawn.
A Radical Legislature was elected in 1868, the old-time Demo-
crats having no showing whatever in Edgefield. Frank
Arnim, a second-hand Prussian, (why second-hand is not so
clear) of Hamburg, was elected to the State Senate, and four
negroes and one white man were sent to the House. This
white man also lived in Hamburg. R. B. Elliott and Prince
Rivers, two of the colored members, had both served in the
Union army. At the next election for Senatcr, Lawrence
Cain, a native negro raised near Old Cambridge, was elected
in Arnim’s place. Is this Lawrence Cain the Daddy Cain,
who was also a Methodist preacher? I heard him preach once,
and also heard him make a political speech, and I must say
that his political speaking was much better than his preaching.
Going into pclitics will spoil any preacher, black or white.

R. B. Elliott was afterwards elected to Congress, and
Rivers, who was known as the ‘‘Black Prince,’’ was appointed
a Major-General in the State Militia. After 1876, he obtained
employment in his old occupation of carriage driver, and died
at Aiken in 1888. He was not by any, means a bad specimen
of humanity.

In 1870 an effort was made by all conservative men and
well-wishers of the State to make, if possible, some reform in
the administration of affairs. To this end what is known as
the Reform Movement was inaugurated and a Reform ticket.
260 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

for all offices, State and County, was nominated, having on it
conservative and influential colored men, who, it was hoped,
would command influence sufficient to defeat the extreme
Radical party. This writer living in Newberry voted the
ticket nominated in that County,. though he doubted very
much the expediency of the movement. General M. C. Butler
ran for Lieutenant Governor on the Reform ticket. The Re-
formers were very badly beaten. About this timeataxpayer’s
‘convention was held to memorialise Congress on the miserable
condition of affairs in the State. Congress took no action, but
this writer believes that good was done by the movement, as
the attention of Congress, of the United States and of the
world was thereby drawn to a state of affairs, which was a
shame and a disgrace to the whole country and the Radical
party was checked in their career. George D. Tillman and
General M. W. Gary both opposed this plan, on the ground
that it would not only lower the dignity of the people, but
that it would end in failure. It apparently ended in failure,
but really it did not.

In 1874 Governor Moses, who, it will be remembered, was
private Secretary of General Pickens when the troubles be-
gan, and was, during the war in 1863-64, stationed at Edge-
field as enrolling officer of the Confederate States, issued arms
to a half dozen colored companies in the county—volunteer
militia companies; for what purpose it was hard to say; devil-
ment lreckon. In August of this year,a riot occurred at Ridge
Spring, and another later on, on the Savannah. Ned Ten-
nant, a colored man, the instigator of the last mentioned
trouble, was rewaraed with the office of County Commissioner.
He then removed to the Court House where he soon afterwards
died.

In 1875 there occurred in the county several violent and
destructive storms and tornadoes, by which much damage was
done; several persons were killed, many were crippled; trees
were uprooted and houses blown and torn to pieces. To go
back, fora moment, a good many years. The oth day of
March, 1855, thirty-seven years ago today lacking one week,
was the fieriest day this writer ever saw. From abcut midday
until night, when the wind lulled, the whole country, that is
the wooded country, from the mountains to the seaboard was
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 261

ina blaze. In that great fire many houses in Edgefield were
reduced to ashes and much fencing was destroyed.

In 1876, just one hundred years after the Declaration of
Independence, affairs became so bad that the great crisis could
no longer be deferred. ‘The State had gone from bad to worse,
and in that year Edgefield fairly and squarely took the bull by
the horns, and with the help of the other parts of the State, he
was throttled. Candidates were selected in June, and the riots
in Hamburg filled the white people of the county with enthu-
siasm. Hamburg had been infested so long and so terribly
with thieves, and with harlots of the baser sort, that wagoners
had ceased to camp within eight or ten miles of the place, for
fear of being robbed. It was reported, but it is to be hoped that
the report was not true, that negro thieves desecrated grave-
yards in search of plunder.

On the 4th of July a colored company, commanded by
Captain Dock Adams, refused to permit white men to pass
through the town along the public road. A quarrel took
place, and General M. C. Butler was sent for to organize and
lead the whites. B. R. Tillman, afterwards Governor, was an
active participant in this riot. Captain Adams, with his
forces, retired to a large brick building owned by Mr. Sibley,
and ordered his men to shoot their opponents from the win-
dows. A young man named Merriwether was killed. A
cannon was then loaded with grapeshot and discharged at the
house. This drove the negroes into the cellar, where they
surrendered. It is said that after night Allen T. Attaway, a
mulatto giant, and five others, were taken intoa cornfield and
dealt with summarily. The Radicals say that the tongue of
Attaway, which had been used so badly, was cut out. Of the
truth of this statement this deponent saith not.

In August of this year Chamberlain, who, by the way, was
by far the best Radical Governor of them all, and not such a
bad fellow, with a host of friends and backers, came to the
court house on an electioneering tour. Here he was met by
Gary, Butler, and the crowd, and vanquished, fairly or un-
fairly, and driven from the field. The platform upon which
he stood, and upon which he hoped to gain a great and signal
victory, was not firmly enough joined and fastened together to
hold the discordant materials that sought a place upon it; or it
262 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

had not planks enough, or was not broad enough; something
was the matter, and it went to pieces and would hold nobody,
not even the Governor. The result of the contest was General
Hampton was elected Governor, and in Edgefield the old
Democratic party hada majority of several thousand. General
Gary managed this election with great skill and success, and
carried the election triumphantly, notwithstanding the pres-
ence of United States soldiers at the court house the whole
time. After this election and the expiration of his term of
service in the Legislature (Senate), General Gary never took
any further part in political life; but indeed he lived only a
short time after his term expired. He died April 9th, 1881.
General Gary’s influence in Edgefield was very great, and it
is felt very strongly in all the political agitations and move-
ments to this day. He was succeeded by James Callisoi, a
gentleman of Irish descent.

W. J. Talbert, late Superintendent of the Penitentiary, 1893,
now member of Congress, was the next State Senator suc-
ceeding Callison. In 1888 W. J. Ready was elected State
Senator, defeating W. J. Talbert. Ready died January 16th,
1891, and Dr. W. H. Timmerman succeeded him as State
Senator. In 1896 Dr. W. H. Timmerman was elected State
Treasurer, and Mr. J. M. Gaines was elected State senator.
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 263

XXIV.
DR. JOHN LANDRUM.

This good man, who died on Sunday morning, January 31st,
1892, was born in the lower part of the county, in the old
Wells and Vaucluse section, where the Landrums, in the earli-
est days of Edgefield, were people of means, of intellectual
ability, and of decided influence for good. Dr. Landrum lived
to the advanced age of eighty-seven years. His body had be-
come feeble, but his intellect remained keen and bright. He
was a man of eager and grasping mind, and had enjoyed every
advantage of education. He was a graduate of the South
Carolina College; and from the time of his graduation all
through life he kept up an intimate acquaintance with the
Greek and Latin writers.

He died at the house of his daughter, Mrs. M. H. Mims,
who had been only recently widowed; and was buried at
Stevens’ Creek Church, near his old home and by the side of
children long gone before. His widow and two daughters
survive him. His daughters both live at Edgefield, and are
Mrs. M. H. Mims and Mrs. James A. Holland.

COLONEL JAMES C. SMYLEY.

Colonel James C. Smyley was born at Meeting Street, in
Edgefield County, in 1820, and died in 1872. His mother was
a sister of Marmaduke Coates, of Newberry, S.C. He held
vo office during his life, except that of Colonel of Militia, and
the very important position of delegate to the Secession Con-
vention. He, with all the other members of that body, signed
the Ordinance of Secession.

He was a planter by business and occupation, and enjoyed
the respect and confidence of the people. His wife was Cath-
erine Watson, of Ridge Spring, S. C.

COLONEL JAMES P. CARROLL.

Colonel Carroll was born in the city of Charleston, but from
early boyhood his home was in Edgefield. After his gradua-
tion from the South Carolina College he read law, and was
admitted to practice in Columbia in 1830. He became a dis-
264 HISTORY OF EDGFFIRLD.

tinguished lawyer at Edgefield, though it is said that business
came to him very slowly, and that he waited long for his first
fee. But his labor and patience were crowned with success,
and few lawyers at Edgefield ever stood higher in the profes-
sion than he did.

He represented Edgefield in both branches of the Legisla-
ture—sometimes in the Senate and sometimes in the House of
Representatives. He was a member of the Convention of
1860, and signed the Urdinance of Secession. He died in
1883, aged about 75 years.

He was one of the Chancellors, or Equity Judges, of the
State, and filled that position with honor and dignity. He
had a clear, logical, and discriminating mind—impartial and
just in his temper and character.

GENERAL R. G. M. DUNOVANT.

‘This gentleman was a native of Chester County. He grad-
uated from the South Carolina College. After his graduation
he read medicine and moved to Texas, in which State he
practiced his profession until the breaking out of the War
with Mexico, when he returned to Chester, raised a company
for the war, and was elected Captain—was promoted to the
rank of Lieutenant Colonel, which pcsition he was holding
when the war closed. He has represented Edgefield in the
Legislature; was a member of the Convention of 1860 from that
county, and signed the Ordinance of Secession.

During the War of Secession he held the rank of Colonel in
the Confederate service. Since the war he has lived in retire-
ment at his home in the town of Edgefield.

Not long after the War with Mexico he married a sister of
Hon. P. S. Brooks. He is still living (February, 1892,) and
is about seventy years of age. Born May 18th, 1821.

ANDREW J. HAMMOND,

One of the signers of the Ordinance of Secession, was a
worthy descendant of Colonel Samuel Hammond, of the Revo-
lution, one of the bravest and truest men of that day. Andrew
Hammond was a planter, and never, I believe, aspired to any
political office, nor sought any political honor; but, enjoying
the confidence of the people who knew him, (his home was not
far from Hamburg, on the Savannah side of the county,) he
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 265

was elected a member of the Convention of 1860. At one
time he represented Edgefield in the Legislature.

During the War between the States he held the rank of
Major in the Confederate service. He married Elizabeth But-
ler, who survives him.

COLONEL JAMES TOMKINS.

This gentleman was a planter on the Savannah side of the
District, in the neighborhood of Modoc, in that part of Edge-
field known as the Dark Corner. He was born June 28th,
1793, and died May oth, 1864. He was happily married on
the 3rd of February, 1819, to Mrs. Jennings, widow of Wil-
liam Jennings. The maiden name of Mrs. Jennings Tomkins
was Huldah Hill, born December 28th, 1796, and died July
4th, 1868.

Colonel Tomkins, though not a very ambitious man, yet
was one of considerable influence and ability. He had the
honor of being elected to the Legislature; and in that supreme
hour, when that last desperate struggle was made to place
upon an impregnable basis our old and cherished doctrine of
State Rights, as one of the Representative men of Edgefield,
he was called to meet with others from different parts of the
State in that heroic Convention which has become forever
historic, to consult together and to see, in that dark hour, that
the State should receive no detriment. He and they did their
duty, or what they conceived to be such. It is not possible
for any man to do more.

PRESTON S. BROOKS.

P. S. Brooks, son of Colonel Whitfield Brooks, and grand-
son of Colonel Z. S. Brooks, of Big Creek, celebrated for his
kravery and daring as a Whig in the Revolution, was born at
Edgefield Court House, August 6th, 1819, and died in Wash-
ington city while a member of Congress in 1856, only a few
months over thirty-seven years of age. After the close of the
Mexican war, through which he served as Captain of a com-
pany raised at Edgefield in the Palmetto Regiment, he was
elected to the Legislature, where he served one term, and was
then elected as Representative to Congress. He was a lawyer
by profession, but practiced only a little while. He was a
farmer and made his homie in the country in the upper part of
266 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

the District, not far from Ninety-Six, near which place his
mother lived.

He was educated at Mount Enon, Willington, and the South
Carolina College. This writer knew him well at Mount Enon
and alJ through his public life. He was always a conspicuous
figure. Hedied young. Had he lived it is impossible to say
what he would have been.

It is hoped that this writer will be pardoned for making
mention here that at Mount Ennon he formed a life-long
acquaintance and friendship with James C. Brooks, a brother,
younger by a few years than Preston, and not far from the
same age of this writer. .

WILLIAM GREGG.

Mr. Gregg was born 2nd of February, 1800, in Monangahela
County, West Virginia. He established himself as a merchant
in Columbia, S. C., about the year 1827, and was married to
Marina Jones, daughter of Colonel Mathias Jones, of Edge-
field. In 1838 he removed to Charleston and resumed his
former business with the Hayden brothers, who were jewelers.
Gregg, Hayden & Co. were known throughout the South as
extensive importing merchants. After hard work he obtained
in 1845 a charter for the Graniteville Factory, with a capital
of $300,000. His time was almost entirely devoted to the
‘interests of the factory. He built churches, established
schools, and endeavored, in every way, to elevate the em-
ployees of the factory in morals, intelligence, and in the true
dignity of life.

He was a member of the Convention of 1860, and, with the
other members of that Convention, signed the Ordinance of
Secession. He died September 12th, 1867, and was buried in
Magnolia Cemetery near Charleston, S.C. His was certainly
a very honorable and useful life. He who gives employment
to others and deals justly by them, and tries to make them
self-respecting men and women does not live in vain.

COLONEL JAMES B. GRIFFIN.

This gentleman, who died at Fort Worth, Texas, on the 25th
day of June, 188:, was the son of Mr. James Griffin, who lived
about three miles from the village of Edgefield. Inheriting a
large estate from his father, who was quite wealthy, and
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 267

having no political ambition he was quietly pursuing his
avocation of planter when our sectional strife culminated in
secession and war. For some years he had been holding a
commission in the militia and was Brigadier General of cavalry
when the State seceded. When Colonel Hampton received
permission from the Confederate government to organize a
legion, including in it four companies of cavalry, Colonel
Griffin was selected to command that part of the legion with
the rank of Major. In June 1861 the Hampton Legion moved
to Virginia and the cavalry was sent to the camp of instruction
at Hanover.

On the 19th of July the infantry of the legion was ordered
to Manassas and was engaged in the battle of Bull Run. In
that battle Lieutenant Colonel Johnson was killed and the
legion lost an able officer. After the death of Colonel Johnson
Major Griffin was promoted to Lieutenant Colonel and trans-
ferred to the infantry. The cavalry had taken no part in the
battle of Bull Run, and it made the infantry feel a little sore
that a cavalry officer, who had had no part in the fight, should
be put in command of them in place of their Lieutenant Colo-
nel, who had been killed in battle.

However, the time came after awhile in which Colonel
Griffin showed that he was worthy of the position which he
held. Inthe march to Yorktown, in the retreat from York-
town, in the skirmish at West Point, in the battle of Seven
Pines, in which the legion was hotly engaged, he showed
what stuff he was made of, and his coolness and bravery won
the hearty admiration of the whole command. He came out
of that battle with a popularity as great, it may be, as that of
any of the officers of the legion. But it was too late to make
up to him what he had already lost.

On the re-organization of the army in 1862, uncer the con-
script Act, Colonel Griffin was not elected. His career in
Virginia closed and he returned home. On his return to the
State he was very soon assigned to duty in the Regiment of
State Troops, commanded by Colonel Thomas G. Bacon, with
the rank of Lieutenant Colonel. In this service he continued
until the close of the war when his regiment was discharged
at Spartanburg and he returned home.

After the war he removed to Texas, where he was doing
268 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

fairly well in the effort to repair his shattered fortunes, when
he was cut off by death.

Colonel Griffin had one sister, who first married Diomed
Hollingsworth, and after his death she became the wife of Dr.
William H. Harrington, of Newberry. They, too, have passed
over the line.

GENERAL MARTIN W. GARY

Was a son of Dr. Thomas R. Gary, of Cokesbury, Abbeville
County, S. C. His grand-father, Captain Jesse Gary, lived
and died in Newberry County. Captain Jesse Gary was
one of eight sons of Thomas Gary and his wife, Rebecca Jones,
General Gary’s mother was Mary Ann Porter, a descendant of
a brother of John Witherspoon, who signed the Declaration of
Independence, and who was for many years President of
Princeton College, New Jersey.

Judge Ernest Gary is a son of Dr. F. F. Gary, of Abbeville,
a brother of General Gary, and John Gary Evans’ mother,
who married General N. G. Evans, was a sister of General
Gary.

COLONEL W. C. MORAGNE.

The following biographical sketch of Colonel W. C. Moragne
has been very kindly written for me by Colonel H. W. Ad-
dison, his friend and partner in law:

“EDGEFIELD, S. C., February 6th, 1893.

Mr. John Chapman,

DEAR Sir: You ask me to give you a brief sketch of the
life of the late Colonel William C. Moragne of this place.

“Of his early life, I personally, know nothing. His an-
cestors were French Huguenots, and were banished under the
Edict of Nantes by Louis XIV, King of France, and settled in
Abbeville County, nea- Bordeaux, on the Savannah River.
There, and I think, in Charleston, he delivered orations upon
the Huguenots and their descendants, with their trials, suffer-
ings and heroism.

“He finished his collegiate education at Gottingen, Ger-
many, and while there seemed to have thoroughly imbibed a
taste for German and French literature: to have a great admi-
ration for Schiller, Humboldt, and Goethe—Voltaire, Moliere,
and others.
HISTORY OF..EDGEFIELD. 269

‘“‘Moragne and a brother, John, enlisted for the war against
Mexico. The latter fell, gallantly fighting at the battle of
Chapultepec, or at the Capital City. Ido not know the date
of Colonel Moragne’s promotion to Captaincy in the war; that
he bore himself with great courage was well known; he suf-
fered much and long from sickness before his return home.

“I became intimately connected with him on my return from
the University of Virginia, about 1855, when I began reading
law under him; and, in 1856, I formeda partnership with him,
which continued most pleasantly and profitably tiil the break-
ing out of our Civil War in 1861. During this relationship I
met him almost daily, and was in immediate personal contact
with him. He was of fine form, well proportioned, about six
feet high, and with an aquiline nose, brownish hair.

‘‘His manner was by no meanis familiar, but rather the con-
trary to those not familiar with him; yet his extremely polite,
agreeable, and interesting conversation grew upon acquaint
ance and ended by the firmest and most durable friendship.

“He did not believe in acquiring professional business by
personal popularity, nor maintained thereby, but by true ability
and merit—these the result only of a good and liberal educa-
tion, followed up by hard and laborious application to the
profession. While he admitted that the law was a jealous
mistress, he thought she fully admitted the devotees of all
liberal arts to her shrine; and that no person should attempt
the Jaw without years of laborious application to study, with a
general information in history and literature. He had a con-
tempt for the quillets of the law anda disgust for its chicanery.
He would under no circumstances resort to improper means to
gainacase. At the time I began the law with him he was
one of the rising members of the Bar, studious and painstak-
ing, ambitious and in the bloom of manhood. At the begin-
ning of the war he had worked himself up to the very foremost
of the front rank of his profession here, as will be seen by the
records and the decisions of our Supreme Court.

“He was at all times genial, pleasant, instructive, though
never obtrusive, ever liberal, and at all times the highest type
of an educated gentleman. Politically he was a strict con-
structionist of the Constitution—wrote many articles for the
Charleston Mercury and pamphlets on national issues. And,
270 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

though they differed widely in politics, yet he was a warm
admirer of the political antipodes, Calhoun and Petigru.:

‘“‘He married about 185- Miss Emma Butler, daughter of
James M. Butler, a beautiful and eloquent lady, to whom he
was a loving and devoted husband. She lived but a few
years, leaving a son, a pledge of their mutual love, who
resides in Florida, near his distinguished uncle, Dr. Moragne.

‘Colonel Moragne at the beginning of the late war was aide to
General M. L. Bonham at the battle of Bull Run. Soon after
this he returned home and organized the Nineteenth South
Carolina Regiment, of which he became the Colonel. Soon
after this his health failed him and he returned to his beautiful
home at Edgefield, where he died loved by many, and held in
the highest respect by all for his pure life, a beautiful example
to all young men.”’

The following additional particulars were communicated by
H. A. Lee, Esq., of Abbeville, in a letter to Colonel H. W.
Addison:

“I regret that I am able to add so few facts to what you
already have in regard to the late Wm. C. Morange, Esq. He
was adinitted to the Bar in 1844, two years before I came to
Abbeville, and as he established himself at Edgefield, attend-
ing only to an occasional case here, I saw but little of him.

“His brother, John B. Moragne, who came to the Bar
about the same time, practiced here until he went to Mexico
in Captain Marshall’s Company as First Lieutenant, and after
attracting the notice of General Scott as ‘the gallant West
Pointer of the Palmetto Regiment,’ was killed in the storming
of the city.

““W. C. Moragne, Esq., was of French ancestry, and his
father and mother were descendants of those French refugees,
who, under the lead of the Rev. Pierre Gilbert, settled at
Bordeaux, Abbeville County, in 1765, on the concluding of
the Treaty of Paris. They were a distinct offshoot from those
Huguenots who fled from France upon the revocation
of the Edict of Nantes by Louis XIV, and who settled, many of
them, in Charleston and vicinity, and who have done so much
to illustrate the past history of the State.

“His brothers were John B., Isaac, and Nathaniel; and his
sisters Mrs. Davis, of Abbeville, the author of an interesting
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 271

Revolutionary story; Mrs. Fleming, of Augusta, and Miss
Louisa, who died unmarried. I knew them all, and visited at
the family homestead and can testify to the cultivation and
refinement of the home circle. They were a talented family,
and, as in many other instances, derived their best qualities of
mind and heart from the mother.

“He graduated at the South Carolina College with honors,
and then went to Europe, where he spent a year or so, and
settled at Edgefield for the practice of law.

“In 1852 he delivered the address to the students of the
Clear Spring Academy. His subject, I think, was ‘Public
Speaking.’ In 1854 he delivered an address before the Chris-
tian Association of Abbeville on the ‘Statesman,’ and in 1855
he made the Centennial Address to the French of Bordeaux,
copies of which exist in pamphlet form. He doubtless deliv-
ered other addresses.

“In 1861 he was volunteer aide to General Bonham, at the
First Manassas. In 1862 he was elected Colonel of the Nine-
teenth South Carolina Regiment, but on account of ill health
was forced to resign. He was a close student, a well read
lawyer, and an accomplished scholar. He was a good French
and German scholar, and had devoted much attention to the
Belles Lettres. He was a forcible and pleasing speaker. He
was a man of the highest character, and was respected by all
who knew him for his sterling integrity and many noble traits
of mind and heart.’’
272 HISTORY QF, EDGEFIELD.

XXV.

THE BLOCKER FAMILY.

The Blocker family, which is one of the oldest in Edgefield
County, is of Prussian origin. The name was originally
Blucher. Michael Blocker was the first of the family who
come from Prussia; and, after living here a few years, he sent
his only son, John, back to the fatherland for others of his
countrymen. John on his return to this country brought over
with him a number of families and planted quite a large colony
on lands which had been granted to him by the King.

John Blocker was a man of learning, and being made a
Magistrate, used his position for the good of his neighbors.
Being himself a man of peace, he became a peacemaker, and
sought to allay strife whenever it was possible to do so. He
was much beloved, and was called upon at all times for
advice from these honest, respectable, good people which made
the colony prosperous and happy—some of them filling very
important positions in the county.

The children of John Blocker were seven sons and one
daughter. They were high-toned, enterprising men, marrying
ladies of culture. Most of their children received their educa-
tion at the once celebrated Blocker Academy..

James, the eldest son of John Blocker, was the first man
that entered into the mercantile business in the town cr village
of Edgefield. He married Miss Isabel Morrison, of Charles-
ton. She was a highly accomplished and educated lady, and
by her beautiful Christian life made her home a resort of the
refined and intellectual of that day.

Mr. John Blocker, another son, married Miss Mary Johnston
and built the stately home at Cedar Grove, now, 1893, owned
by Colonel Robert Hughes. He afterwards moved West, ac-
companied by Colonel Abner Blocker, who married Miss
Amelia Clifton, and at her death married Sarah Kennerly.
General Jesse Blocker and Michael Blocker married sisters,
the Misses Malone. Major Bartley Blocker, the sixth son,
married a sister of Colonel Whitfield Brooks. David, the
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 2 a

other one of the seven sons, seems not to have married, as I
find no mention made of it.

Bartley, David, James, and Jesse are interred in the
Blocker Cemetery with the preceding generation of the family.

The Blocker settlement, as it was called in its palmy days,
.. will long be remembered for the kindness and generosity of its
hosts and its pleasurable enjoyments, for there reigned peace,
and plenty. ue. Sh

The only daughter, sister to the seven brothers just men-
tioned, married Dr. Bejamin Winn. They, too, moved West.
The sister, as well as the brothers who went West, prospered.
They have numerous descendants, some of whom fill promi-
nent positions.

Young John Blocker, grand-son of Bartley, is the only one
of the name now living in Edgefield County. He is Captain
of the Edgefield, Rifles. He isa decendant of the celebrated
Emily Geiger, General Greene’s Courier to General Sumter,
and the Heroine of Newberry in the old Revolutionary War.

Emily Geiger has other descendants now, 1893, living in
Edgefield County. After the war she married a planter
named Threewits—moved down the country and lived and
died at Granby. Miss Elizabeth Threwitts, a’daughter of, ora
grand-daughter of Emily Geiger, married John Nicholson,
brother to Benjamin. . Her son Benjamin Nicholson was Clerk
of the Court at the time of hisdeath. Hersons, Albert, John,
and Joseph are now, February, 1893, living. Joseph is Probate
Judge. One daughter, Mrs. Emma Blocker, is also living.
One daughter, who married Dr. Allen is no longer living.
Miss Sophie Nicholson should be mentioned, also as a descend-
ant of Emily Gieger, and there may be others.

From the Advertiser, July 31st, 1873, Biographical—Copied
by John R. Abney, Esq.:

DEATH OF AN AGED AND REMARKABLE LADY.

On Sunday last, there expired, at her ancient home on
Turkey Creek, in our District, a woman whose birth, gifts,
and character caused her to stand out always prominently
from the mass. This was Mrs. Isabella M. Blocker, relict of
James Blocker, Esq., deceased many years since. Mrs.
Blocker was the only child of James and Anna Berwick Morri-
274 HISTORY. OF EDGEFIELD.

son, native Scotch people, of high standing and great’ culture,,
who lived and died, many years ago, in Charleston. She was
also a grand niece of James Beattie, the famous Scotch poet.
Born, educated, and married in Charleston, this lady had
every advantage of the day in which she grew up, She was
an accomplished pianiste, a fine French scholar, and her home
was tastefully adorned with the fruits of her own pencil and
brush. And with all this and through all good and evil and
through long years of pain and suffering, in fact, through
every day and hour of her life she was the pure, humble,
earnest child of God.

Mrs. Blocker would have completed her 80th year on the.
31st instant. She leaves three daughters, Mrs. Felix Lake,
Sr., Mrs. John Lake, and Mrs. Dr. Abney, and numerous grand
and great-grandchildren. Her remains were interred on Mon-
day last in the old Blocker burying ground, two miles from
her home.

Edgefield Advertiser, June 8th, 1864, copied by John R.
Abney, Esq.

WOUNDED OFFICERS.

Major Joseph Abney, of the Twenty-Seventh South Carolina
Volunteers, wounded in the fight at Drewry’s Bluff on the
16th ult., has arrived at his home in our town. We have
been to see this gallant soldier, who is unable to be out, and
find him with not only a considerable ‘‘spot of tragedy’’ on
his right side, but suffering in general health, and looking
worn and weary. His wound, which though not dangerous, is
very severe, appears to be doing well, however, and we earn-
estly hope the comforts and endearments of home may soon
restore him to his usual vigor and usefulness. He pays the
highest meed of praise to the gallantry and military capacity
to General D. H. Hill, who, he seems to think, has been the
real leader in the late successful military operations in Ches-
terfield County.

Edgefield Advertiser, August rst, 1866, copied by John R.
Abney, Esqa,.:
‘ HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 273

JOHN B. ABNEY

‘Ailepartea this life, at the residence of his parents, in the
village of Edgefield, on the 30th of June, 1866, and in the 21s¢
year of his age, John Bay Abney, the last son of Dr. M. W.
and Caroline Seabrook Abney.

The deceased entered the service of the Confederate States
early in the war, first, in the Regiment commanded by Colonel
Abney, and then in the Cavalry Regiment commanded by
Colonel Aiken, and was discharged from each, on the Sur-
geon's certificate of disability. As soon, however, as his
health was a little restored, true to the spirit and traditions of
his race, he hastened to rejoin the army, in the Battalion of
Sharp Shooters, commanded by his uncle, Major Joseph Abney,
to which also was attached his brother-in-law, the lamented
Pickens Butler Watts. He served in this corps, as Hospital
Steward; until it was-amalgamated with the Charleston Battal-
ion, and the two were constituted the Twenty-Seventh South
Carolia Infantry. Being then appointed Sefgeant of his
Company, he soon participated in the action of Walthall Junc-
tion, which was fought in May 1864. At one period of the
battle, being much exposed, his company faltered when or-
dered to advance, and he, the youngest of its members, moved
forward to the onset, and by his noble example re-established
the courage and confidence of his comrades. For this brilliant
conduct on his first field, he was recommended for promotion,
whilst his brother-in-law Watts was alike commended for
equally conspicious behavior. In all the first actions around
Petersburg, he bore a manly part, though suffering all the
while, from disease, which had even then fastened itself upon
his system. On the terrible 24th of June, when Hagood’s
glorious Brigade displayed so much heroism, and shed so
much blood, in carrying, as skirmishers, the rifle pits of the
enemy, Sergeants Abney and Watts, in the absence of com-
manding officers, were each appointed by General Hagood,
Lieutenants, pro tempore, in compliment to their skill and
gallantry, and assigned to the command of companies. Ser-
geant Watts, in an almost hand to hand conflict with the foe,
fell like a hero on their bristling ramparts. Sergeant Abney,
‘more fortunate for the time, carried with his company, and
the company on his right or left; which had lost its com-
276 « HISPORY OF EDGEFIELD.

mander, the extreme tight of the enemy’s lines resting on the
Appomattox, and after holding it for some time, actually bore
off twenty-five or thirty prisoners, in triumph. The demeanor
of our troops, on this part of the line, elicited from General
Lee, who was a beholder from the other.side of the river, the
warmest encomiums. But in the next disastrous. engagement
of General Hagood’s, on the Weldon Road, John Abney, along
with many others, was captured, and. carried a. prisoner to
Point Lookout, the. disease of the kidneys, under which .he
had been suffering for years, became aggravated by privation
and exposure and on his release, he returned home, but to
linger and to die.

But in his death, he has left us the same example of heroic
endurance, of Christian fortitude, and Christian hope, that
illustrated the higher portion of his youthful existence. Amid
his long protracted sufferings, he never repined—never com-
plained at the dispensations of Providence. His whole life
was marked by filial devotion, and was free from guile, and as
he had lived without reproach, he died without fear.

This family has been truly afflicted by the scourge of war.
Their oldest son, Joseph Abney, who was a pattern of every
virtue, after passing through all the earlier battles and cam-
paigns, with little injury to his person, and after winning a
name for courage and intrepidity, that would have done honor
to the proudest soldier in the army of Virginia, perished, in
the front ranks of his company, on the bloody field of Sharps-
burg. Then the chivalrous high-souled Watts followed in his
track of glory; and John B. Abney, the last, the only son,
and because the last, the best beloved, is now summoned to
heaven to join his immortal brothers, ‘‘Where the wicked
cease irom troubling, and the weary are at rest.’’ J. A.

Edgefield Advertiser, October 21st, 1846, copied by John R.
Abney, Esq.:

MARK MADISON ABNEY.

(Communicated. )

Mark Madison Abney is numbered with the dead. His pure
and meek spirit has ascended to mingle with ‘‘the spirits of
just men made perfect...’

This excellent man and good minister of Tae was born on
HISTORY OF. HDGEFIELD.. 277

the 8th December, 1808, and died on the 29th’ September, in
the present year, 1846. From-his youth he was remarkable for
his orderly, moral deportment;:and at an early period put on
Christ in baptism. In the prosecution of his studies for the
ministry, he availed himself of the advantages of the Furman
Theological Institution, and soon took a high rank in the ,
ministry of the Word. Endowed with a strong and vigorous
mind, he applied himself with patient and persevering atten-
tion to the study of the Bible. In this course, which he
strictly pursued, he was enabled to enrich his sermons with an
abundant and judicious store of the Bible truth. Not satisfied
with the mere surface of things, he penetrated into the depths
of heavenly wisdom, and drew thence that profound knowledge
of its principles and their just application, with which he de-
lighted, improved, and instructed his hearers. Deeply im-
pressed with the solemn responsibilities of the ministerial
” office, he performed ‘its duties most faithfully. He daubed his
people with no untempered mortar, but cried aloud, and spared
not, preaching Jesus, ‘‘warning every man and teaching every
man, that he might present every man perfect in Christ
Jesus.’’ He was eminently ‘‘set for the defence of the
Gospel;’’ for stopping the mouths of gainsayers, and for put-
ting to silence the ignorance of foolish men. ‘The favorite
subject of his ministrations was the inculcation of practical
godliness on Evangelical principles. He delighted, therefore,
to enlarge upon the duty and privilege of giving the heart to
God. The desolations of Zion deeply affected him. He
mourned and prayed over the coldness, the wide spread cold-
ness of her sons and daughters, and labored much and faith-
fully to allure them to greater spirituality and conformity to
Christ. The life of this devoted servant of the Lord was in
accordance: with his «preaching, and his death was both.
For, he lived the life, and died the death, of the righteous.
His last sermon was preached a few days only before his
death, and under a presentiment that it would close his min-
isterial course on earth. At its commencement a peculiar
feeling of humbleness of mind came over him, accompanied
with enlarged manifestations of the divine majesty and good-
ness. These filled his soul with heavenly joy, and imparted
to his manner unusual animation. The Scriptures came to his
278 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.-

recollection with readiness, and a spiritual unction bedewed
his whole discourse. He preached as a dying man to dying
men. ‘The feelings of the audience were in unison with those
of the preacher, and a holy influence seemed to pervade the
whole audience.

He returned to his family under the pressure of sickness,
which the skill of the physician could not remove. For this
dear and honored servant, having fought a good fight, finished
his course, and kept the battle, was now to be called up higher
to receive his reward.

During his illness he spoke affectionately and faithfully to
those around him, with the calm and firm confidence of one
who knew ‘‘in whom he believed,’’ and to whom he had com-
mitted that which he knew would be kept in safety against
that day. Assembling his family around him on the day of
his decease, he bade them an affectionate farewell, and com-
mended them to the care of the orphan’s Father and the
widow’s God and husband, and then betaking himself to holy
converse with his Lord, he lifted up his heart in fervent
prayer, and reiterating the word amen, fell sweetly asleep in
Jesus.

The death of such a man, at sucha time, is no ordinary
loss, may its voice be heard by the churches, and especially
those to whom he ministered. May we all have our loins
girded about, and our lamps trimmed and burning, awaiting’
the call of our Divine Master.

Our departed brother has left a widow and three children,
with an aged mother, brothers and sisters, and a large number
of brethren and friends to mourn his loss.

In the preparation of this article the writer takes a melan-
choly pleasure in making it short and plain, according to the
dying wish of its dear and honored subject. It is now closed
with this incident. A brother, having heard the deceased
express his determination to read the New Testament through
once a month,. bought a pocket volume to present to him.
But death prevented the execution of the benevolent design.
May it fall into the hands of one who will execute the purpose
of him for whom it was intended, but now needs it no more.
HISTORY OF EDGEFIE“D. 279°

. CAPTAIN JAMES POPE BEAN

A grandson of Rev. Mark Abney, was elected a member of
the House of Representatives from Edgefield County in 1888;
was private secretary to Governor Tillman in 1890, and was
appointed a member of the commission for the new County of
Saluda by the Constitutional Convention of 1895. Captain
Bean was happily married in 1890 to Miss W. Bessie Ready, a
daughter of Honorable Wm. J. Ready, and a grand-daughter
of Dr. John C. Ready, a sketch of whom is given elsewhere in
this book.

Edgefield Advertiser, October 21st, 1868, copied by John R.
Abney, Esq.:

DEATH OF MAJOR CICERO ADAMS.

Major Cicero Adams, the gallant soldier, who, in the late
war, led forth the first company from Edgefield and from
South Carolina, is no more. Since the close of the war he has
dwelt, in high honor and esteem, at Bamberg, on the South
Carolina Railroad, where he departed this life on the 2nd inst.,
aged thirty-four. Major Adams spent his early manhood in
our midst, and married a daughter of one of our most honored
families. Troops of friends will cherish the memory of this
generous comrade and noble soldier.

Edgefield Advertiser, January 11th, 1865, copied by John R.
Abney, Esq.:

JOSEPH MATTHEW ABNEY,

Whose untimely death we now come to notice, was the elder
son of Caroline S. and Dr. M. W. Abney, (late Surgeon P. A.
C. S.,) and fell mortally wounded at the battle.of Sharpsburg,
Maryland, on the 17th of September, 1862, in the twenty-first
year of his age.

No public announcement has until now been made of the
sad event, owing to the uncertainty in which his fate has
hitherto been enveloped. And even.to this day and hour his
family and relatives are in a painful state of incertitude whether
he breathed his last while

‘The stream of slaughter from that place of blood

Spread o’er the tainted sky,”’
or the vital spark of his youthful life was extinguished in the
noisome wards of a Northern hospital. However this may be,
280 HISTORY: OF -EDGERFIRLD.

no doubt any longer lingers; even in the minds of the most
hopeful, of his having perished in fighting in the battles of the
South, and here to-day it is our proud, albeit mournful, privi-
lege to add his name to.Carolina’s Roll of Honor.

Young Abney first entered the lists as a soldier with the
‘Edgefield Riflemen,’’ in Januaay, 1861. After some months
of service on Sullivan’s and Morris’ Islands, he volunteered to
go with the First Regiment to Virginia under Colonel Gregg,
Having served out his time in the First Regiment, he came
home, where he had arrived but a few days before his life was
threatened by a severe attack of typhoid fever. This danger
escaped, he returned to Virginia, and enrolled himself as a
member of Captain Bland’s Company of the famous Seventh
Regiment, with which he did most loyal service, having. been..
on every campaign and in every action in which that band of
scarred Veterans was represented from the Manassas retreat,
and the battle before Richmond to that of Sharpsburg, where
he received his fatal wound.

In a letter to his father on the morning before the battle he
avowed that he was prepared and willing for any sacrifice.
The lamented Hard, in a letter to his mother in answer to in-
quiries concerning his fate, paid the following high and well-
deserved testimonial to his gallantry on that occasion, and at
the same time limned a picture of his condition when last seen
on that gory field, which might well melt a heart of stone.
He says: ‘‘It affords me a melancholy pleasure to give you
such a slight information concerning him as I possess, and to
testify to the gallant manner in which he conducted himself
upon the field on which he was wounded. On the 17th of
September we engaged the enemy at Sharpsburg, Maryland.
In making a desperate, but unsuccessful charge upon one of
the enemy’s batteries, many of our men fell, and amongst
them, near to the guns, your son was shot down. I saw him
as we fell back. He called to me as I passed him, and asked
me if I could give him a drink of water from my canteen, say-
in at the same time: ‘I am wounded in the leg.’ I paused a
moment to glance at him, but having no water, being unable
to render him any assistance, and being left in command of
my regiment, I passed on to a point at which we were ordered
torally. * * * In my association with your son, I. had
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 281

learned to regard him as high-toned, gallant, honorable. He
wou the affections of his companions, and the respect of all
who knew him.’’

Colonel Joseph Abney, in a letter to his father concerning
his death condoles with him in the following beautiful and
pathetic terms: ‘‘He was the most trust-worthy and reliable
young man of all my kindred and of all my acquaintance, and
he had the highest place in my esteem and in my warm affec-
tions. His image can never be effaced from my heart, and if
he is fallen, the loss to me is irreparable, for he stood to me in
the same relation as son. He had so much honor, so much
gentleness, and so much manhood that when disgusted with
the vices and wickedness of other young men, to him, I could
always turn with pride and inexpressible relief, as from a
barren waste, to a meadow rich and green with all that can
delight the eye or satisfy the soul of man. He was, in a
great measure, my own pupil, and he was a comely scion that
grew up under the training and trimming of my own hands,
and he promised to be the honor and glory of his family and
of all that loved him. Your grief can scarcely exceed my own.
The occasion is one, which, but for his triumphant and glori-
ous disappearance, and the bright companionship he had along
might fill a community with sadness, depression and gloom.’’

The writer of this tribute believes that he could not do more
loving justice to the noble youth who forms the subject of the
above glowing encomium than by presenting similar extracts
from other condolatory letters to his bereaved parents, as
showing what profound regret was felt at the loss of one so
young, so promising, and so true. But he trusts that those
already given will sufficiently evidence that he was a young
man of no ordinary mould, and that, if his life had been
spared, he would have been a most useful, exemplary, and
honored member of society.

His life was as blameless and irreproachable, as his exit was
glorious and triumphant, and the memory of the great sacri-
fice he has made for his country and the loved ones at home
should be preserved as sacredly as the vestals guarded the
chosen fire of the Gods. He lies dead upon the field of glory,
but as to ‘‘a thing ensky’d and sainted’’ we speak farewell to
his-honored shade. W. H. A.
282 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

Edgefield Advertiser, February roth, 1870, copied by John
R. Abney, Esq.:

DEATH OF COLONEL JOSEPH ABNEY.

Suddenly and unexpectedly, we are called to mourn the loss
of a much valued and beloved citizen. Colonel Joseph Abney
died at his residence in the town of Edgefield, on Wednesday
night, the 2nd instant, after an illness of only ten hours, a
victim of the prevailing epidemic, Meningetis, as pronounced
by his brother, Dr. M. W. Abney, the attending physician.
He died in the prime of manhood, at the age of forty-eight,
leaving a wife and three children.

Bravely, honestly; and efficiently, he fought the battle of
life, as he fought for the honor, interest, and glory of his
country: Educated, he became an accomplished scholar,
lawyer, and soldier. His civil triumphs in popular assemblies,
in the Legislature and in the forum, as well as laurels won in
war, make up the sum of a reputation, of which his family,
his friends, and his native Carolina are justly proud. But
although he received the plaudits of his country, for services
rendered in peace and in war; while every battle ground from
Vera Cruz to the Garita de Belin, of Mexico, and his blood
shed on the field of Churubusco; and later in life, at Drury’s
Bluff, in our last war, attest his devotion and skill as a war-
rior, he has left behind a monument to his fame, not less to be
appreciated in the memory and gratitude of care-worn poverty,
which, with a ready hand, prompted by Christian Charity, he
never failed to alleviate; and the poor will bless him, in their
sorrow for his departure. But heis gone! And it is a con-
solation to believe, that he has entered into his eternal rest, as
a Christian and an heir of Salvation.

Edgefield Advertiser, January r1th, 1865, copied by John R.
Abney, Esq.:

PICKENS B. WATTS—IN MEMORIAM.

The martial deeds and chivalrous feats, ‘‘fit for song and
story,’’ of our glorious Southern heroes, illustrated on many a
hard-fought field in this our unequal contest for national inde-
pendence, are deeply furrowed and embalmed in the memories
of agrateful people. The treasure of their blood has en-
riched the verdant plains, hillsides, and valleys of our coun-
HISTORY..OF EDGEFIELD. 283

try’s soil, and the. brooks and rivulets, as they murmur over
them, blush blood-red at the barbarities and iniquities of a
worse than Scythian foe. But the blood of those who have
thus nobly immolated themselves on the altars of their country
will ever be cherished and sanctified as the precious ransom of
our liberties. In the future days of the republic, those classic
battle grounds will become so many Mecca-shrines to which
our ardent and peerless youth will emulously flock as pilgrims
to imbibe from the relics of the illustrious dead the exalted
lessons of patriotism, devotion, and virtue. The historian of
this war, perchance, will deem that he has discharged his obli-
gation to posterity when his stylus has inscribed on the his-
toric scroll the name of each ‘‘Captain, or Colonel; or Knight-
at.arms’’ who has figured in the eventful story, the successes
he has achieved, and his vivats of popular applause. But it
will be the legacy of the faithful chronicler to fill up the chasm
left by the more ambitious historian and ‘‘set down with gold
on lasting pillars’? the names and unhonored laurels of those
watrior-heroes who, though holding subordinate stations in
the military arena, nevertheless dealt doughty blows, and per-
formed prodigies of valour, in delivering their country from
the galling yoke of servitude. And here offer we up the meed
—a tearful and grief-wrung tribute to the manes of two devoted
martyrs who have thus poured out the rich spilth of their
heart’s best blood as a libation to the goddess of Liberty.
“The king of shadows loves a shining mark.”

Never were the words of seer or poet more strikingly con-
firmed thanin the death of First Sergeant Pickens Butler
Watts, Company F, Twenty-Seventh Regiment South Caro-
lina Volunteers, who fell near Petersburg, Va., on the 24th of
June, 1864, while in command of a company charging the
enemy’s work. He was the son of Mary S. Watts, deceased,
and Richard Watts, Esq., of Saluda, Laurens District, and
was 32 years of age when the silver cord of his life was loosed
forever.

Immediately after the ratification of the Ordinance of Seces-
sion by the State Convention on the memorable 20th of De-
cember, 1860, Sergeant Watts attached himself to a company
of minute men, the ‘‘Rhett Guards,’ raised at Newberry
Court House by Captain Whit Walker. This fine Company

‘
284 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

shortly afterwards tendered its services to Governor Pickens,
and was ordered to report to Colonel Maxcy Gregg on Sulli-
van’s Island, which it did early in January, 1861, and com-
posed a part of that chosen phalanx, known as the First Regi-
ment of South Carolina Volunteers. The operations of this
Regiment on Sullivan’s and Morris’ Islands, and its subsequent
brilliant career in Virginia are already ‘‘familiar as household
words,’’

On a few weeks before the Regiment’s term of enlistment
expired, Sergeant Watts had led to the bridal altar one of
Edgefield’s most lovely and accomplished daughters. Of
strong attachments and of an ardent and loving temperament,
he was not insensible to the claims of conjugal affection, or
the endearing charms and influences of home and family. But,
glowing with patriotic ardour, he felt that the claim of-his
country was paramount to every other consideration. Ac-
cordingly, in the fall of 1861, he joined the ‘‘Edgefield Blues,’’
a Company raised by Captain Joseph Abney, and whieh sub-
sequently became Company A, of the Twenty-Second Regi-
ment, South Carolina Volunteers, a Reginent of twelve
month’s troops, of which Captain Abney was elected the
Colonel. At the re-organization of this Regiment Colonel
Abney failed to be re-elected. A special Act of Congress,
however, passed about this time, provided for the organization
of Battalions of Sharpshooters in the different States, the
materials for which were to be eliminated from the various
Brigades and Regiments already in service. Colonel Abney
was nominated and appointed by Major General Pemberton to
organize and assume command of one of these Battalions.
Sergeant Watts obtained a transfer to Major Abney’s Battalion
in the month of July, 1862, and was appointed Orderly
Sergeant of Company B, commanded by Jos. Blythe Allston.

The First Battalion of South Carolina Sharpshooters will
long be remembered for its faultless discipline and the excel-
lence and maturity of its drill. It is unnecessary to enumerate
here the valuable services rendered by that picked corps at
Grahamville, Bee’s Creek, Coosawhatchie, Pocotaligo, Com-
bahee Ferry, Johns’, Wadmalaw, and James’ Islands, and
Winyaw Bay near Georgetown. But it was at Pocotaligo, on
the 22nd October, 1862, that the Company to which Sergeant
HISTORY-OF EDGEFIELD, 285

Watts belonged particularly distinguished itself. It there
evoked the unqualified ‘‘well-done’’ from General ‘‘Liveoak’’
Walker for its gallant behaviour, all three of the commissioned
officers present, having been wounded in that engagement.

After a separate existence of about sixteen months, Major
Abney’s Battalion was amalgamated with the Charleston
Battalion, Lieutenant Colonel P. C. Gaillard forming
the Twenty-Seventh Regiment, South Carolina Volunteers,
Hagood’s Brigade. Towards the close of April 1864, this
splendid Brigade was ordered to Petersburg, Va., and there it
won golden opinions and imperishable renown in all those
brilliant and bloody encounters, which rendered its name no
less a terror to the foe, than a pride to the yallant State which
sent it forth on its errands to avenge the blood of her fallen
children. In all of those sanguinary conflicts, Sergeant Watts
bore a conspicuous part. The official reports of those battles
announce him as having been engaged with distinction at
Walthall Junction, Drewry’s Bluff, Bermuda Hundreds, and
Cold Harbor. n

On the fatal 24th of June, he was ucting as Lieutenant and
commanding a company, which with clarion-voice he was
cheering forward, leading the way himself, in a desperate
assault on the entrenched position of the enemy. He had just
gained the enemy’s works, and was still encouraging his com-
rades, when his brain was pierced bya hostile bullet, killing
him instantly.

Thus has passed away from us this earnest, impassioned,
and intrepid spirit. His officers and fellow-soldiers, as well as
his family and friends, fondly cherished the hope that he was
a captive, and would soon be restored to them by the usual
mode of exchange. But an officer of high rank, and who had
read his character well, concluded with more. discernment
when he declared that ‘‘he was too brave a man ever to allow
himself to be taken alive.’’

In thus attempting .a brief sketch of his not uneventful
military career perhaps as much has been said as will be re-
quired to establish his shining qualities as a soldier. He
was ever
286 «HISTORY OF DGEFIELD.

“Ready to do what a hero can,

Wall to-sap, or river to ford,
Cannon to front, or foe to pursue,

Still ready to do, and sworn to be true,
As a man and a patriot can.”

In a private and social aspect, the character of Sergeant
Watts needs no eulogium., His amenity, openness, and access-
ibility were esteemed traits which elevated him high in the
social scale and made him a most welcome companion to all
with whom he mingled.

“He was one,

The truest manner'd,
Half all men’s hearts were his.”

 

He possessed in a degree rarely acquired the happy faculty
of unbending himself to the young and ingratiating their
affections. Even his faults were of that peculiar mitigating
class which are supposed to have a leaning to the side of
virtue. Over his noble and fearless soul a dishonorable pur-
pose never flapped its raven wing. Stern, resolute, and
inflexible in all matters of duty, he was yet engaging in his
address, and mild, winning, and conciliating in his intercourse.
with all.

“His life was gentle: and the elements,

So mixed in him, that nature might stand up,
And say to all the world, this was a man!”’

Edgefield Advertiser, February 24th, 1870:
JOSEPH ABNEY.

Colonel Carey W. Styles, of the Albany (Ga.) News, after
copying our announcement of the death of Colonel Joseph
Abney, adds an eloquent and feeling tribute to the memory of
the deceased’as follows: ‘‘We knew him well—messed with
him through Scott’s Mexican Campaign, slept in the same
tent, and fought by his side—and in all the relations of com-
panion, messimate, officer, and soldier, he was kind, generous,
courteous, and brave. He possessed exalted character, and a
sense of honor as pure and lofty as the knightliest champion
that e’er bore a prize from the lists. We esteemed him for his
manly contest with the ills that flesh is heir to; admired him
. for a noble. courage that ever dared misfortune and danger
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 287

with nerveless inflexibility; loved him. for his social and com-
panionable virtues, and mourn him asa friend gone to that
undiscovered country from whose bourne no traveler returns.”

JOSEPH HADDON,

An Englishman, who died in the early part of the year 1896,
in Abbeville County, deserves to have his name mentioned in
the history of Edgefield. Indeed, it would not have been out
of place in the history of the State, as he was the first engineer
who ever run a locomotive on any railroad in the State.
When the South Carolina Railroad from Charleston to Ham-
burg was building it is said that he came over from England
with the locomotive that was first put upon that road, and
that he helped in the making of it. Whether the story is true
this writer has no means of knowing, but it is altogether
probable that the honor belongs to Joe Haddon. If I am not
mistaken, he and his wife once lived at Mount Enon ina house
built by Dr. J. C. Ready. I used to meet him occasionally
when my home.was in that-part of Edgefield District which is
now Saluda County.

Mr. Haddon was at an advanced age at the time of his
death.

THE OUZTS SETTLEMENT.

Near Meeting Street, about ten miles north of Edgefield
Court House, is a settlement which has been, and is yet known
as the Dutch Settlement. It embraces a scope of country
about ten miles square. The founder of this settlement, Peter
Ouzts, came direct from Germany with his father, Dietereig
Ouzts, before the Revolutionary War, in 1769, and was a brave
soldier in that war. He wasin many battles and was severely
wounded several times. He was only twelve years oid when
he landed in America. His mother died aboard ship, was
buried at sea, and he was left alone with only his father to care
for him.

Mr. Dietereig Ouzts lived near the River Rhine, in Germany,
and sailed from Hamburg for this country. After the Revo-
lution he married again and became the father of three other
sons, Mike and Jacob, of Newberry County, and Martin, of
Edgefield. All married and reared families.

Peter grew to manhood, wooed and won Miss Elizabeth
288 HISTORY OF *EDGEFIELD.

Harling, and they became the happy parents of a large family
of children, thirteen sons and two daughters. One son and
one daughter died in youth, the others married and succeeded
well in farming. As each one married off he was set up in life
with a farm of several hundred acres, cut off from the home
tract, and was given stock and supplies sufficient for a year,
and then left to carve out his own fortune. Tobacco was the
principal money crop at that time, and plenty of provisions
were raised on the farms for home consumption. These sturdy
people were very quiet and were contented with the enjoy-
ments of home life, caring nothing for the excitements of
town and city life. Peter Ouzts’ sons were named David,
John, Henry, Martin, Aaron, Jacob, Abram, Isaac, Peter,
Daniel, and Benjamin. The daughter married Daniel
George. :

Mr. Peter Ouzts, the patriarch of the settlement, lived to
the age of 77 years, long enough to see all his children mar-
ried and settled in life, except one or two of the younger ones,
who married soon after his death. Nearly all the children of
the older generations were boys, and hence the numerous
descendants of Mr. Peter Ouzts are easily traced. In 1880
there were nearly one thousand (940) descendants of Mr. Peter
Ouzts, and nearly all of them were living in Edgefield County.
In the War of Secession this family furnished as many boys,
thirteen, to uphold the ‘‘Lost Cause’’ as any family in the
State, and no truer nor braver people were ever found in bat-
tle. Some lost arms and legs and some their lives upon the
battle field. Five were killed.

The name Ouzts is Americanized. In Germany it is Uzt,
and to make it more complete the letters O and S are prefixed
and afixed, but whether the name was improved by the change
is yet a debateable question. It was once spelled ‘‘Utes,,’ in
the year 1800. In the year 1819 the present form was used.
Since the war, and with its various changes, this family and
their descendants have become greatly scattered. Dr. B. F.
Ouzts, son of one of the original twelve brothers, is living in
Texas, and for several years has been a member of the city
council in the town in which he lives. He is an able physi-
cian; in business has been very successful, and has acquired
considerable property.
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 289

W. H. Ouzts, the oldest son of Daniel Ouzts, is now (1892)
Sheriff of Edgefield County. The duties of this office are, and
have been, faithfully and impartially discharged by him.
That he is one of the most popular men in the county, and
that he has faithfully discharged the duties of the office, is
proven by the fact that he is now serving his third term,
making twelve years during which he has held the office.
Mr. Benjamin Ouzts, the youngest son of Peter Ouzts, is still
living in his father’s old house. The house, however, has
been moved about a mile from the original site. Mr. Ouzts
has amassed considerable property, and is still as persevering
as ever, although he is nearly three-score. Mr. D. T. Ouzts,
son of Benjamin Ouzts, is the present popular and efficient
Cashier of the Bank of Johnston.

Dr. W. D. Ouzts, grandson of Isaac Ouzts, the third next to
the youngest of the orignal brothers, is an able and prominent
physician of Edgefield. Mr. James W. Ouzts, grandson of
Daniel Ouzts, is a civil engineer in Alabama. He has acquired
some very valuable property in the Southwestern States. Mr.
Daniel A. G. Ouzts, the youngest son of Daniel Ouzts by his
second wife, Miss Martha Hill Lowery, a distant cousin of
President George Washington, is at this writing, May, 1892,
with Pelzer, Rodgers & Co., of Charleston, S. C. He was in
the South Carolina College, but left without graduation to
edit and take charge of the management of the Edgefield
Chronicle, of which he was owner while in coliege.
290 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

XXVI.
CHURCHES—METHODIST.

In Shipp’s History of Methodism in South Carolina, which
is my authority for what I write of Methodism in Edgefield,
no dates are given of the establishing or building of the
different houses of worship in the various localities, nor of the
formation of Circuits and Districts. The book is very valua-
ble asa history of the movements, lives, and labors of the
preachers engaged in the work, but in other respects it is quite
defective—leaves the general reader in the dark as to what
part of the State Saluda Circuit is, or Butler Circuit, indeed,
as to the location of any circuit or meeting house. Asa rule,
the names of the churches or meeting houses, are never given.

The earliest notice I find of Methodist preaching at Edge-
field Court House was in May 1790. Beverly Allen, the
minister, writing to Mr. Wesley, says: ‘‘May 8th I attendeda
quarterly meeting on Saluda. The first day there was a con-
siderable work among the people, but on the second we had a
large, attentive congregation, to whom I spoke freely. All
were still and attended to what I said, till, toward the close of
the sermon, when the word caused a trembling and a weeping
in the whole assembly. Soon after they cried for mercy, and
the poor, distressed creatures fell on their knees beseeching us
to pray for them, which we did. Some found mercy and
peace to their souls, and others were under deep distress. On
my way the day following I preached in Edvefield Court
House to a very considerable number of attentive people, to
whom I declared the oath of God, that he has no pleasure in
the death of a sinner. Towards the conclusion, one woman,
sitting on a lofty seat, dropped to the floor, and soon after a
number of others came and fell on their knees, crying for
mercy, and several found deliverance.’’

This Beverly Allen was ordained at the First Conference
held at Green Hill, N. C., beginning April zoth, 1785. For
a few years he was a great preacher, a traveling companion of
the Bishop Asbury, and a correspondent of Mr. Wesley. In
1792 his name stands in the Minutes as ‘‘expelled.’’ He
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 291

engaged in mercantile business in Augusta; got into difficulties
and killed Major Forsyth, the United States Marshal, while
attempting to arrest him for debt. He fled, but was captured.
and imprisoned in Elbert County, Ga., but was soon released
by his friends, who charitably supposed him to be insane. i
then buried himself in the wilds of Kentucky, where he
practiced medicine. Rev. Peter Cartwright, D. D., says of
him ‘‘After killing the Sheriff he fled from the country to
escape justice, and settled in Logan County, Kentucky, then
called ‘Rogue’s Harbor.’ His family followed him, and
here he practiced medicine. To ease a troubled conscience
he drank in the doctrine of Universalism, but he lived and died
a great friend to the Methodist Church.’’ This writer has
learned from his reading that some as holy and saintly men as
ever lived were believers in the doctrine of Universal Salva-
tion; and others as saintly and pure as it is possible for human
nature to be, were devout members of the Roman Church,
that church, which we Protestants are so prone to regard as
the mother of harlots and of all abominations. The truth is,
the Holy Spirit of God touches, quickens, and regenerates
every one who desires the divine life, be his religious faith
what it may, without regard to his intellectual perception of
dogmatic truth.

As far back as 1785 and 1786 the preachers penetrated the
country up the principal rivers. Saluda is not named, but
Broad River is, and Broad River Circuit was formed, which
embraced part of Newberry. George Daugherty, a native of
Newberry District, came to Saluda District as Presiding Elder
in 1802. We find that in 1791 Dr. Coke preached at Ninety-
Six on his return from a Conference in Wilkes County, Ga. I
must note here that the celebrated Lorenzo Dow wandered into
the wilderness of the Tombigbee River in 1803 and 1804, and
preached the first Protestant sermon on the soil of Alabama.
On his return North he passed through Edgefield, preached
at the Court House and at Abney’s Meeting House on the
Saluda River, near Higgins’ Ferry.

Joseph Moore, who closed his active life in the ministry in
Edgefield on the Saluda Circuit in the year 1833, though he
lived until the rath of February, 1851, dying in his 85th year,
was born in Virginia in 1767. He was about 65 years in the
292 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

active and efficient ministry of the Gospel. I have a sermon
of his showing the difference between the foreknowledge and
the decrees of God, which was printed at the N. A. Gazette
Office, Augusta, Georgia, in 1833, and, I suppose, was
preached to his people some time that same year; though it is
not stated when nor where nor on what occasion the sermon
was delivered, except that it was at a particular request.

Joseph Moore was born in Virginia in 1767. In his child-
hood his parents moved to Rutherford County, N. C. He
was licensed to preach in histgth year. Five years afterwards
he was admitted to traveling connection and became one of the
pioneers of Methodism. He preached in North Carolina, South
Carolina, and in Virginia. In 1806 he was located at his own
request. In 1826 he rejoined the South Carolina Conference
and continued laboring until 1834.

Nicholas Walters was born in Maryland, November 2oth,
1739,—received on probation in 1776, and, besides the labors
bestowed on Maryland and Virginia, he traveled the Union,
Saluda and Broad River Circuits in the South Carolina Con-
ference, and was stationed in Charleston in 1804, where he
died of yellow fever on the roth of August of that year, in
the 65th year of his age. His youngest brother, William
Walters, was the first American preacher who entered the
traveling connection.

Coleman Carlisle joined the itinerancy in 1792, and was sent
to Broad River Circuit. In 1802 he was sent to Saluda. “I
have known him,’’ says Mr. Travis, ‘‘after returning home
from preaching several miles distant, after supper to take the
same horse (he had but one) and plow with him by moonlight
until nearly midnight, and then go off next morning to his
appointment. He neither owned nor hired servants.’’ He
was a very popular preacher, and when local was sent for, far
and near, to preach funeral sermons. For these labors he
received no compensation. He has two grandsons living in
Newberry County, M. A. Carlisle, Esq., a lawyer practicing
at Newberry Court House and Dr. R. C. Carlisle, a physician
practic ng in the County.

TIn.1797 George Clark had charge of the Saluda Circuit.
From 1802 to 1804 George Daugherty was Presiding Elder of
the Saluda District. Of Mr. Daugherty something more must
>

HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 293

be said than that he was Presiding-Elder ‘of Saluda District.
He was a great preacher and a remarkable man. Hewas born
in 1772 in Newberry District near the Lexington line. He
began life as a teacher in the fork of Saluda and Broad Rivers,
boarding with a Mr. Reamy. In December 1797 he went
down with George Clark, who had charge of the Saluda Cir-
cuit, as an applicant for admission into the traveling connec-
tion. Conference met in Charleston January rst, 1798. He
was received and appointed to a circuit. His career as a2
preacher was not long, but very active and useful. In 1807
he attended the last conference in which his voice was ever
heard on earth. At this conference he brought forward and
triumphantly carried the resolution which fixed the sentiment
of the South Carolina Conference true to duty for all time to
come. ‘‘If any preacher shall desert his station through fear
in time of sickness or danger, the conference shall never em-
ploy that man again.’’ A noble resolution.

The following anecdotes are given as incidents in his own
personal history, and also as illustrating the spirit of the times
and the state of society at the period of his active career. He
lived at a time when the public, especially that of Charleston,
was easily excited on the subject of slavery, and Methodist
preachers were objects of suspicion .and dislike. This arose
from the insane zeal of some of the early preachers on that
subject. The course of Dr. Coke had been influential in pro-
ducing this state of feeling. It is not strange, therefore, that
a few injudicious remarks made in one of the Charleston
churches. by a transient Methodist preacher should have pre-
duced some excitement. A company of young men went to
the Methodist meeting house, determined to give the offending
preacher a taste of mob law: but they mistook their man, and,
seizing Mr. Daugherty, they dragged him to the pump and
pumped water upon him until he was nearly dead. He wonld
probably have been pumped to death had he not been rescued
by a heroic woman. Mrs. Kugley, seeing his predicament,
and the great danger in which he was, rushed through the
mob, and, gathering up her gown, stuffed it into the spout of
the pump and stopped the flow of water. The mob then let
Mr. Daugherty go, and Mrs. Kugley took him to 2 place of
safety and had him properly cared for. It is probable that
294 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

he never entirely recovered from the injury thus received.
Another incident, illustrative of Mr. Daugherty’s power as
a preacher, must be given. At a camp-meeting held in Dar-

‘ington District, in 1805, the assembled rowdies perpetrated

enormities over which it is necessary, even at this distant day,
to draw a veil. On Sunday the crowd of rowdies was very
large, and while roving about through the pine forest which
surrounded the camp, it came to pass while Rev. James Jenkins
was preaching that a lady in the congregation began to praise
God aloud. From every point of the compass the rowdies came
thundering into camp with the tramp of a herd of buffaloes,
thus producing a scene of wild confusion. By this time the
lady had become quiet, and the time had come for Mr.
Daugherty to launch a thunderbolt. He rose and said: ‘I
desire very much to engage your attention for a short time,
and as J am aware of your impatience, I propose, as a sort of
compromise with you, to waive all the introductory services
and proceed directly to my discourse.’’ He then announced
for his text Mark 5:13, ‘‘And the herd ran violently down a
steep place into the sea, and were choked.’’ He first spoke of
the wiles of satan, showing that he was willing to ke anything
and to do anything so that he could lead his victims astray.
He then considered the text in the order of the thoughts which
it suggests: First, the herd into which the devils went;
second, the drivers, and third, the market. He swept along
his pathway like a blazing comet, drawing such life-like pic-
tures of vice and diabolical intrigue that the miserable creatures
before him seemed spell-bound; though they were all standing,
scarcely a man among them broke ranks. When he reached
his imaginary market with them, the end of an abandoned life,
of a dark and soul-destroying course of wickedness, the picture
took on such an appalling hue that an involuntary shudder
came manifestly over the vast audience; they seemed actually
to see them, in successive columns, disappearing from mortal
view and sinking into the everlasting abyss.. The most stout-
hearted sinners present seemed overwhelmed with amazement,
and when the preacher closed they left in wild confusion, and
were soon en route for home.

Never, perhaps, was effort made under similar circumstances
that equalled this. It was pertinent, awful, loving, scathing,
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 295

and unique. It was the attack of a master-mind in a last
resort, and was entirely successful.

From 1807 to 1810 Lewis Myers was Presiding Elder of the
Saluda District. He was born at Indian Fields, in Colleton
District, S. C., May 7th, 1775, and died on the 16th of
November, 1851.

In 1810 Reddick Pierce was Presiding Elder, and John R.
Coburn rode Saluda Circuit in 1831. In 1842 and 1843 Samuel
Dunwoody rode a circuit in Edgefield, where I used to see him
frequently. Zoar, then called Persimmon Creek, was one of
his churches, where I sometimes heard him preach. Many
anecdotes used to be told of his oddities. His son Samuel I
knew well for many years, and loved him for his truth and
purity of character. His death was tragic. He was night
watchman at the railroad depot at Newberry, a few years after
the war. One night while on duty he was murdered by some
persons who wished to plunder, and the next morning his mu-
tilated body was found lying on the ground near the depot.
He died at the post of duty—murdered.

John Tarrant, born in Virginia, joined the South Carolina
Conference in 1809; was at Edgefield as pastor in 1841. He
died April rst, 1849, in his 65th year.

In 1841-44 Nicholas Talley was Presiding Elder of Cokes-
bury District, of which, I believe, Edgefield is part. Joel
Wilson Townsend was born in Marlboro District, January roth,
1800; was converted in 1819; admitted to conference February,
1823; was on Saluda Circuit 1831-32; at Edgefield 1837-38;
superannuated in 1844, and settled at Cokesbury, where he
died May 14th, 1880, while his son was conducting family
“worship. »

John R. Picket was at Edgefield in 1858 andin 1859. In
1860 and 1861 he was at Butler, in the same county. Mr.
Picket was born in Fairfield County, April 2nd, 1814; con-
verted in 1831; entered the conference on trial February,
1835. He died at his home in Chester, March 15th, 1870.

This sketch of the history of Methodism in Edgefield is very
meager and imperfect, but Shipp’s History of Methodism in
South Carolina, upon which the writer has relied for his infor-
mation, confines itself, almost exclusively, to the lives and
labors of the preachers engaged in the work. It does not tell
296 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

when the church was established at Edgefield, nor, indeed, at
any other place in the county, nor when the meeting houses
were built, and seldom gives the names of any.

Since the foregoing was written I have received the follow-
ing information in regard to the history of this church in
Edgefield:

Saluda Circuit was the name given probably to the first
charge ever organized by the Methodists in Edgefield, while
yet, perhaps, it was a part of Ninety-Six District. In 1834
the name was changed froin Saluda Circuit to Edgefield Circuit.
The Saluda Circuit in 1830 embraced the following named
churches or places of worship: Mount Lebanon, Republican,
Martin Town, Langley’s, Nixon’s, Swamp, Moore’s, Reho-
both, Providence, Bethel, Reedy Creek; Mile’s, Bethany,
Spring Hill, Court House, Pine Grove, Gassaway, Persimmon
Creek, Cockran’s, Kenny’s, Spann’s, and Sleepy Creek.

Persimmon Creek is now known as Zoar, and the name of
Sleepy Creek has been changed to McKendree. Pine Grove
has been abandoned, and some of the others have either ac-
quired new names or been abandoned. Langley’s was cut off
with the territory which forms part of Aiken County. The
amount raised by these churches for ministerial support in
that year 1830) was $372.62%.

The Methodist have kept pace with other denominations in
church building and increase of membership. The amount of
money raised for ministerial support and for benevolent pur-
poses in recent years, is in striking contrast with that formerly
given for such purposes.

In 1893 there were thirty Methodist houses of worship in
Edgefield County, with an aggregate white membership of
2,823. These churches paid for ministerial support that year
the sum of $5,647.40, and the sum of $1,684.35 for benevolent
and other purposes. The total valuation of church property
then amounted to $33,300.

Edgefield Circuit, formerly Saluda, used to require about
four weeks for the preacher in charge to make the rounds of
his appointments. From time to time the circuit has been
divided and sub-divided until now there are nine circuits and
parts of circuits carved from it. The following are the names
of these circuits and the churches composing them: Parksville
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 297

Circuit with five churches: Parksville, St. Paul, Barr’s
Chapel, Modoc, and Dothem.

North Edgefield Circuit with four churches: Rehoboth,
Bethel, Mt. Vernon, and Mt. Carmel.

Saluda Circuit with four churches: Emory, Butler, Zoar,
and Bethany.

Edgefield Circuit has three churches: Edgefield, Trenton,
and McKendree.

Johnston Circuit has three churches: Johnston, Harmony,
and Spann’s.

Butler Circuit has four churches: Bethlehem, Gassaway,
Shiloh, and Traywick.

Batesburg Circuit has two Edgefield churches: Ridge Spring
and. Providence.

Leesville Circuit has three Edgefield churches: Nazareth,
Rehoboth, and Clyde.

Ninety-Six Circuit has two Edgefield churches: Kinard’s
and Mt. Lebanon.

Mr. William Griffith, whom the writer of this history knew
well for a great many years, claimed for Zoar as being the
oldest place of worship in the County. That before the Revo-
lution a log church was built where the present church stands.
In that war a British squadron of cavalry camped there for a
short time. The present writer was born ina house which
stood on the old Ninety-Six road which was a few miles
nearer Saluda than Zoar, and near that road ona hill side by
Tosta Creek he found, when a boy, the barrel of a pistol,
which certainly had once been finely mounted, as there were
still to be seen on the barrel, or sticking to it, some scraps of
gold. The barrel was kept for a number of years, but no
special care being taken of it, it was finally lost, never to be
found again.

At a Quarterly Church Conference held at Zoar some years
before Mr. Griffth’s death, the question of breaking up and
discarding this church was being debated, and Mr. Griffith’s
residence being very near and he hearing of what was going
on went down and opposed the proposition. In an earnest
speech he pleaded for the church, and as related above, stated
in regard to the age of the church. He said, rather than see
the house pulled down and the graves of the dead neglected,
298 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

he would keep them up at his own expense. Mr. Griffith was
able to carry his point and the church was retained, for which
this writer is glad, as at that house and also at Bethany when
it was still a log house, he sometimes met the brethren and
sisters at love feasts and class meetings.

Mr. Griffith once made a trip to Philadelphia with a wagon
and team and brought back a load of goods for some Edgefield
merchant. At that time such trips were not unusual. This
was one of the inconveniences growing out of that war with
Great Britian known as the War of 1812.

The land on which Bethany is built was donated by Reuben
Blalock in 1809. The first house built was of logs. Mr.
Blalock’s remains are buried at this church.
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 299

XXVITI.

THE PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH.

Edgefield was one of the three counties in the State of South
Carolina, Lexington and Georgetown being the other two,
which never, until 1877, had a Presbyterian Church in its
bounds. This is somewhat remarkable when we consider the
fact that the adjoining County of Abbeville is one of the great
strongholds of Presbyterianism in the State. Abbeville, how-
ever, was settled by large colonies of Scotch-Irish and Hugue.
nots, who brought their religion with them, whilst no such
colonies of Presbyterians located in Edgefield.

‘An effort was made before the War of Secession to establish
a Presbyterian Church at the county seat, and a handsome
sum was subscribed for the erection of a house of worship; but
the war suspended the efforts in that direction. When the
war was over many of the friends of the church were dead upon
the field of battle and others were so dispirited that no further
attempts were made till more than ten years ha‘ passed after
the restoration of peace.

For a long time Mrs. J. W. Hill, then Miss Mattie Ward-
law, was the only Presbyterian in the county. She held her
membership in Augusta, Ga. Inspite of her loneliness and
the solicitations of friends to unite with other denominations,
she clung to the faith of her fathers in the hope of establish-
ing a church of like faith in which she could feel more at
home. At length her fidelity and patience were rewarded and
she became, under Providence, the mother of Presbyterianism
in the county. As soon as one or two more were located in
the county a petition was forwarded to South Carolina Pres-
bytery, asking for an occasional ministerial visit, looking to
the organization of a church. Finally a committee of South
Carolina Presbytery was appointed. The committee consisted
of Revs. J. L. Martin, D. D., R. A. Fair, W. F. Pearson, and
Elders Thomas Thomson and Robert Wardlaw, who met at
Edgefield Court House and organized the church, May 2oth,
1877, which adopted the name ‘‘Edgefield Presbyterian
Church.’’ The organization was made after much hesitation,
300 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

many misgivings and earnest prayers, for only four persons were
found ready to enroll themselves as its membership. Their
names will be always held in honor by the church as examples
of faith. ach one of the four is living at. this date, May
1892, and in active connection with that church; their names
are Mr. S. H. Manget, Mrs. J. W. Hill, Mrs. R. S. Anderson,
and Miss Etta Rainsford, now Mrs. J. B. Norris. Mr. S. H.
Manget was elected, ordained, and installed its first ruling
elder, and was for a long time its only officer.

The new church was for several years supplied with preach-
ing and sustained jointly by Charleston and South Carolina
Presbyteries, as the C., C. & A. Railroad running through the
county was the dividing line between them. Preaching was
maintained at Edgefield Court House, Trenton, and Johnston
as ‘‘stations’ in the: bounds’ of thé church of: four:members.
This was, however, necessary, as several Presbyterians had
located in Trenton and Johnston. The Edgefield Presbyterian
Church was considered to cover the territory of the entire
county.

In May, 1880, Rev. S. L. Morris visited it by invitation and
held a meeting at Trenton, which resulted in ten additions to
its membership. It was this visit which introduced to the
church its first paster, and enlisted the interest of Rev. S. L.
Morris in the church. The following year the supply system
terminated, and the church unanimously called Rev. S. L.
Morris as its pastor. He was already in charge of Walhalla, a
flourishing church, and so left the matter entirely in the hands
of Presbytery, whether to accept or not. After debating the
matter a whole day, it was decided by a two-third vote to send
him to Edgefield. He began his labors in May, 1882, as
pastor, butiwas not installed until August 20th, 1882.

At the beginning of ‘his -pastorate the membership of the
church was about thirty, anda house of worship had been
erected at Trenton and dedicated in December, 1881. Rev.
J. L. Martin, D. D., preaching the dedicatory sermon.

The first thing Rev. S. L. Morris did after his installation
as pastor, was to establish a fourth preaching station, at the
invitation of Mr. B. R. Tillman and his sisters, at the
“‘Pavilion’’ of the ‘‘Hussars,’’ near the residence of Mr. Till-
man. ‘The next in order was the erection of a church build-
HISTORY" OF “*EDGEFIELD. 30L

ing at Johnston, which was dedicated in: June, 1883, by Rev.
J. L. Girardeau, D. D. This was quickly followed by a neat
church building near Mr. B. R. Tillman’s and upon the Till-
man property, which was dedicated in November, 1883, by
Rev. J. L. Girardeau, D. D. The fourth and last building was
erected at Edgefield Court House and dedicated May, 1885, by
Rev. J. L. Girardeau, D. D., about eight years from the for-
mation of the church of four members at Edgefield. These
four church buildings in the county cost about seven thousand
dollars. A very good showing for eight years’ work, starting
with only four members.

As yet, there was only one organization, the church pre-
ferring to hold together until it felt strong enough to separate
into four. After preaching seven and a half years the pastoral
relation between Mr. Morris and the church was dissolved in
October, 1889, in order that he might accept a call to Macon,
Ga. During his pastorate Mr. Morris preached at two stations
every Sabbath, riding on an average twenty miles each trip,
making about a thousand miles a year. He received 130 per-
sons into the Edgefield Church, and baptized 65, leaving the
church with a membership of 120. When his pastorate began
there were 30.

Upon the dissolution of this pastoral relation, the church
was without a pastor nearly a year before they could agree
upon one. Finally they called Rev. J. M. Plowden, who has
at the date of this writing, May, 1892, been among them ac-
ceptably for about eighteen months. Under his administra-
tion a manse has been built, and Johnston and Trenton, in
1891, was organized into separate churches. This gives three
fully organized churches in the county, with Highview still as
preaching station.

Among.the most-prominent members are the original four,
Mr. S. H. Manget, Mrs. J. W. Hill, Mrs. R. S. Anderson, and
Mrs. J. B. Norris; also Dr. J. W. Hill, W. E. Lynch, O. F.
Cheatham, Dr. James H. DeVore, John K. Allen, B. B.
Hughes, E. M. Hix, Dr. D. B. Frantis, Mrs. B. R. Tillman,
Mrs. F. T. Simpson, Mrs. G. W. Wise, Mrs. J. M. Wise, Mrs.
T. J. Teague, Mrs. Jno. Roper, and many of the most promis-
ing young people of the county. The progress of this church
is quite wonderful, and its future is bright with promise.
ne eee ee ee

302 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

Rev. S. L. Morris, the first pastor, was born in Abbeville
County, S. C., December .25th, 1854. He joined Hopewell
Church November 2ist, 1868; graduated at Erskine College
June 25th, 1873; graduated at the Theological Seminary,
Columbia, S. C., May 1oth, 1876; pastor at Walhalla from
May, 1876, to May, 1882; pastor at Edgefield from May, 1882,
to October, 1889; Stated Clerk of South Carolina Presbytery
from October, 1878, to October, 1889; represented South
Carolina Presbytery in the General Assembly of 1880, at Char-
leston, S. C., and 1887 at St. Louis, Missouri; director of Co-
lumbia Seminary from 1885 to 1887; installed pastor of Tatnall
Square Presbyterian Church, at Macon, Ga., January ist,
1890. From this brief summing up the reader will see that
Mr. Morris has not led an idle life, but that on the contrary he
has been an indefatigable worker.

LUTHERAN—ST. MARK'S.

The oldest Lutheran Church in Edgefield County—there are
only six in all, as originally, very few Germans or Dutch, and
no Scandanavians, settled in that part of the country—is Saint
Mark’s, not far from Big Saluda. During the early part of
the Nineteenth century, from 1800 to 1810, several families
from Newberry settled in the neighborhood. These were
visited by Rev. Wertz, who held servicesin private houses and
preached in both the German and English languages. In a
few years after the Synod of South Carolina was organized—
which was in January, 1824, and the first meeting was held
November 14th, 1824,—the Rev. J. D. Sheck was employed
as missionary. During his mission he visited the congrega-
tions, and towards the close of the year 1828 a house of worship
was built, which was very small. Rev. G. Dreher first had
charge. He was succeeded by Rev. Schwartz, who soon died,
and after his death Revs. Herman Aull and Sheppard served
them. During Mr. Sheppard’s services the membership in-
creased so much that it was necessary to enlarge the building,
which was done in 1841. Revs. Bauknight and Sheppard then
served them, but in a short time, that is in a few years, Mr.
Sheppard moved to Mississippi.

Mr. Sheppard did one service while pastor here, and if ail
other services and duties done and performed by him resulted
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 303

as happily as this, he has reason to congratulate himself. On
the evening of May ist, 1845, he officiated as clergyman at the
marriage of this writer to her whom he had chosen as his
companion for life. A happy union of over forty years dura-
tion, which was dissolved only by death.

In 1856 a new house was built not far from the old one and
was dedicated in :857, by Revs. Berley and Bouknight. Mr.
Bouknight continued pastor until 1868, when he was succeeded
by Revs. Hawkins and Sligh. After this time the member-
ship became considerably reduced by the removal of several
families to other localities. Some moved and settled in Sumter
County, Georgia, where the Rev. J. P. Margart organized and
built a church.

Synod held meetings at St. Marks in 1842, 1852, and 1866,
the Nineteenth, Twenty-Ninth, and Forty-Second Sessions.

MOUNT CALVARY,

The next oldest, and very near the same age, is Mount
Calvary. In 1827 the Revs. J. D. Sheck and Jacob Wingard
visited this locality as missionaries, when it was determined
that a building be erected in which to worship. In 1828 a
small log house was built, in which services were held in the
early part.of the year 1829. In February, 1830, a society was
organized and the house was dedicated by Revs. W. D. Strobel
and J. G. Schwartz. The church was supplied by them for
some time, and afterwards by Revs. Moser and Aull. In 1835
Rev. L. Bedenbaugh took charge and the congregation in-
creased in numbers so much that it was found necessary to
build a larger house. A new one was accordingly commenced
and built, but ina different locality. This house was ‘com-
pleted and dedicated in July 1837, the services being conducted
by Revs. Moser, Haltiwanger, and E. Caughman. The con-
gregations were served successively by E. Caughman, S.
Bouknight, and B. Kreps. Synod held its Thirty-Third
Session at this church in 1856.

TRINITY.

In the year 1835 a number of Lutherans from Newberry
settled in this locality and formed a society. These were
occasionally visited by Rev. Haltiwanger, Sr., when, through
his exertions a committee was appointed, consisting of Messrs.
304 HISTORY, -OF EDGEFIELD.

Jacob Haltiwanger, John M. Witt, and John Glaze to have a
house of worship built. They, without delay, commenced the
duty and the house was built at a cost of $417. It is situated
onthe Chapel Ferry Road, near the 43rd mile post from
Hamburg, S.C. On the third Sunday in August, 1835, the
building was dedicated as a house of worship by Rev. John C.
Hope, with but eight regular communicants as members of the
church there at that time. The number increased to over
fifty as the year went by, and the church continues to have a
good membership. This church has been served by Revs.
Cloy, Sheppard, Rauch, Kistler, Lindler, Wertz, Whittle,
Bouknight, Blackwelder, Moses, and P. Derrick.

Being isolated and distant from other Lutheran congrega-
tions, it labors under many disadvantages. This church has
been served by other faithful pastors, besides those mentioned
above, since their time.

GOOD HOPE.

Good Hope was organized about the year 1839. The build-
ing of a house, which was soon finished, was undertaken by
the members of the church immediately after the organizaticn.
It was dedicated in April, 1840, by Rev. Margart. Mr. Cloy
was first pastor. He was followed by Revs. Bauknight, Shep-
pard, Lindler, Caughman, Sheely, Hailman, and Bailey, and
others since. At the formation of Pastorate No. 6, Mr. Wertz
took charge; but he resigned in 1874 and took charge of Pas-
torate No. 3.

CORINTH.

This church is situated in the Fork of Big and Little Saluda
Rivers. In 1842 a society was organized with twenty mem-
bers. Not having a settled pastor, services were conducted by
two pious laymen, Peter Hawkins and Martin Singley, in a
school house and also under a brush arbor. A church was
built as soon as possible and Rev. Sheppard became pastor.
He was succeeded by Revs. Rauch, Metz, Bailey, Caughman,
Hallman, Sligh, and P. Derrick. The corner-stone of a new
church was laid on the fourth Sunday of October, 1871, and,
soon after completion, the new building was dedicated in March,
1872. Rev. Edwin A. Bolles preached the dedication sermon,
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 305

and Revs. Emanuel Caughman and P. Derrick were present
and assisted in the services.

ST. JAMES’, GRANITEVILLE.

In 1858, Rev. S. Bauknight began laboring at this place,
assisted by Revs. Emanuel Caughman, A. W. Lindler, and J.
N. Derrick. In 1860 the church was organized and received
by the Synod. An effort was made in 1861 to build a house
of worship, but the work progressed slowly. However, in
1862, the work had gone on so far as to enable the people to
hold divine service in the house. It was then dedicated by
Revs. Berley and J. N. Derrick, the latter remaining pastor for
several years. There was little done during the war to com-
plete the building. In 1865 Rev. B. Kreps took charge. He
was succeeded by Rev. Emanuel Caughman in 1870, Mr.
Caughman soon began soliciting subscriptions to complete the
building, and in 1871 he had the satisfaction of knowing that
his labors were not in vain. The house was finished and ded-
icated soon afterwards by Revs. J. Hawkins and P. Derrick.
Mr. Caughnian took charge as pastor, but soon resigned and
Mr. Kreps became pastor. In 1873 the other church, which
was in this connection, was removed by Synod into another
pastorate, leaving this one standing alone. Rev. E. Dufford
then took it in charge.

The foregoing are all the Lutheran churches in Edgefield
County. These are all doing good work. Other pastors of
late years have served them besides those mentioned. Rev. C.
P. Boozer is pastor of some. He has served several years as
a Representative in the Legislature from Edgefield County
and re-elected in 1890. He wasa Confederate soldier during
the War of Secession, and lost an arm in the service. He isa
native of Newberry County and a graduate of Newberry
College.
306 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

XXVITT.

BAPTIST CHURCHES—RED BANK.

This church was constituted in 1784, under the ministry of
Rev. John Thomas. Rev. Mr. Norris, who had been impris-
oned at Ninety-Six for preaching non-resistance during the
Revolutionary War, succeeded him. Abram Ferguson, a
brother of the celebrated Colone] Ferguson, who was killed at
the battle of King’s Mountain, was deacon. Henry King, a
very eloquent man, next served as pastor. His brother, Rev.
Joseph King, had charge of the church at the beginning of the
War of 1812, and was appointed Chaplain of Colonel George
Butler’s Regiment. The soldiers gave him the nick-name of
“Cold Souse.’’ Mumford Perryman, who had been clerk,
died in 1820. He was the grandfather of General Perryman,
of Texas, who was distinguished in the war between the States,
and was, in 1891, one of the Judges of that State. The Perry-
mans and Travises were related. Colonel Wm. Travis, massa-
cred at the Alamo, once belonged to Red Bank.

Rev. John Landrum preached here from 1812 to 1826. Mr.
Landrum was a boy during the Revolution and lived near the
Pine House. It is related that once while on his way to mill
with a bag of corn on horseback, a mischievous Tory pushed
the bag off and left him standing on the ground crying beside
it. Years after the war this Tory returned to Edgefield on a
visit; and then Mr. Landrum, no longer a little boy, but supe-
rior in strength to his old tormentor, would have beaten him
well, had he not been prevented by his friends.

The leading members of Red Bank in 1826 were William
Little, Pryor Dozier, Benjamin Culpepper, Eli House, and
Zebulon Rudolph. At this time there were about twice as
many women as men members of this church. Patty Bohler,
(Boulware), a Rutherford by birth, Lucy Jones, and Sophia
Bonham were model Christian women.

Rev. Basil Manly, father of Rev. Charles Manly, of Green-
ville, often preached at Red Bank at this period. Mr. Manly
married a daughter of Zebulon Rudolph, who was clerk of this
church for many years. Mr. Rudolph removed to Alabama,
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 307

and Major William Daniel was elected clerk. Major Daniel is
said to have been rather odd, but his oddities did not detract
from his worth as a good man, and he was much esteemed.
Rev. S. D. Worthington was pastor in 1833. Then Rev.
Zedekiah Watkins. Rev. James F, Peterson took charge of
the church in 1836 and was pastor 42 years. Red Bank en-
joyed much prosperity during his long pastorship.

Thomas Bartley, the oldest member, and a Revolutionary
soldier, died 16th September, I854, aged 103 years. He had
been an orderly member of the church for along time. Sep-
tember 14th, 1856, Mrs. Rebecca Edwards died. Her son,
William Edwards, who was an esteemed deacon, left eight
sons. He had the satisfaction of seeing them all baptized at
Red Bank betore he died. John Mobley, the oldest deacon of
Red Bank, died December 3rd, 1857. He was the father of
Dr. W. S. Mobley. In 1869 109 persons were baptized at this
place, and 84 the next year. Rev. James F. Peterson died
June roth, 1881. He was born in Newberry County, October
21st, 1796, and was baptized at Good Hope, in Edgefield, by
Rev. Jones W. Coleman. Not long after his baptism he
began to preach, and his preaching was attended with remark-
able success. Mr. Peterson was a striking example of what
men of moderate abilities and bearing can accomplish, when
they are thoroughly consecrated and devoted to the work in
which they are engaged. Rev. James Carson was pastor in 1891.

Thomas Bartley just mentioned as the oldest member and as
a Revolutionary soldier was also a Baptist preacher and settled
the place where Clyde’s Chapel now stands—died at the age
of 103. His son, Thomas Bartley, died at the age of 90 years
near Johnston. He died in a large brick house built by Rev.
Henry Herlong. He left surviving him among other children,
Thomas Bartley and John Bartley. John Bartley lives on the
farm where his father died. Mrs. Elisabeth Leppard was a
member of Red Bank and died at the age of 106 years. A
monument beside this church marks the last resting place of
Rev. James F. Peterson.

DRY CREEK.

On March sth, 1804, the brethren, John Landrum, Samuel
Marsh, Henry King, and Thomas DeLoach, met at Dry Creek
according to a call of Cloud’s Creek Church and formed
308 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

~sthemselves into a Presbytery to view the standing of the above
ylace for constitution. Their strength being approved the
« Church was constituted and Levi Kirkland was appointed
« deacon, Rev. Thomas DeLoach did most of their preaching
“frem 1804 until 1820, and now fills an unknown, unmarked
grave in the churchyard. What a pity! He was the father
- of the late Alison DeLoach, of Red Bank, and Mr. Thomas
. DeLoach, who lived near Johnston. Since the death of Mr.
DeLoach Dry Creek has been remarkable for the short terms
» of its pastors. Stanton S. Burdett, William B. Villard,
_.Prescott Bush, and John Windsor preached from 1820 to 1830.
“The Cogburns, Barontons, Martins, Bushes, Rottens, Rabuns,
sand Cachrofts were the principal members at this period.
February 26th, 1830, Rev. William Watkins was ordained at
Dry Creek by William B. Villard, Joseph Norris, and John
Windsor. He was called to serve as pastor shortly after. The
«church was much reduced in 1832. February 2nd, 1834,
John Lott was elected clerk and the record began to be kept in
y splendid order. William Watkins served as pastor until 1840,
vhen he returned to Orangeburg. He was succeeded by Rev.
_ James F. Peterson. Mr. Peterson served two years. Then Rev.
Henry A. Williams had charge of the church until he was
: aueceeded by Rev. A. P. Norris in 1849. Then came the
short terms of Revs. A. B. Couch, Zedekiah Watkins, and
.Mr. Merritt. Mr. Merritt was pastor during the War of
.aecession. Dry Creek had reached the zenith of its prosperity.
‘The congregations were large and many of the church mem-
tbers were wealthy and noted for their culture and elegant
hospitality. Rev. George Bell, a local preacher, who belonged
fo this church, cid much of their preaching from 1840 until
2865. Mr. Bell was born at Mount Willing in May 1802 and
-died near Batesburg in August 1881. Mr. Bell was an extra-
«ordinary mati in many respects and was noted for his financial
s ability—a rare quality i a minister of the Gospel. After the
~ewar Captain J. WW. Denny became clerk. Captain Denny died
go 1885 or 1885, and since his death Mr. P. B. Watson has
beer clerk. Rev. Mr. Bradford was pastor in 1892.
Dry Creek has regained of late years much of its former
prosperity and now occupies a worthy position among the
«churches,
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 30g"

SARDIS

Sardis was constituted in 1804. Its record has been sa-
imperfectly kept that at this date we can give no account of it:
for thirty years except by tradition. And the tradition is
that William Ferguson was pastor from 1804 until the War of
1812. He first lived at the place where Mr. John McCarty.
was living in 1821, but after the death of his brother Abram..
he bought his plantation and moved to the place afterwards:.:
known as Denny’s. Soon after this he retired from the min-- :
istry, took an interest in public affairs and became a politician.

The original place of worship at Sardis was a mile or two.-
northwest of the present church on a little stream known as.
Cedar Creek. Rev. Henry King and his brother Joseph King: ~
both sometimes preached at Sardis, but Sardis and the county:
lost them by their emigration to Alabama.

David Peterson, an elder brother of Rev. James F. Petersou,
was pastor about the year 1825. He was a native of New-.
berry. He married a widow Strother, sister of James Rich-
ardson, of Richardsonville, and mother of Major William A..
Strother.

Robert Corley succeeded Mr. Peterson. Mr. Corley died in..
the prime of life and his funeral was preached by Richard Todd, .
at that time one of the most prominent ministers in the State. .
Rev. B. F. Corley is a son of Rev. Robert Corley.

Rev. Zedekiah Watkins was pastor in 1835 and Dr. R. G..
Mayes, son of General Samuel Mayes, was clerk. Benjamis,
Etheredge and Nathaniel Corley were the ordained deacons.
Miller, a slave belonging to Jacob B. Smith, and Abram, a.
servant of Rev. A. S. Dozier, were elected deacons or overseers:
of the colored members at the same time. No church has ever™
taken more interest in the spiritual welfare of the negroes.
than Sardis.

A host of good old Edgefield names are to be found on the.
roll of Sardis at this period, the Dennys, Etheredges, Edwards,
Clarks, Matthews, Corleys, Longs, Hardys, Padgetts, Mayeses,
Smiths, and Lamars all were members of this church.

Rev. Mark Abney succeeded Mr. Watkins as pastor, and.
then Henry A. Williams occupied the pulpit.

One cannot fail to be impressed with the small salaries these-
faithful old ministers received for their services, when several.
310 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. ‘

members of the church were worth, at a moderate estimate,
over fifty thousand dollars each. Henry C. Bartley was pastor
from 1850 to 1860, when the church called Rev. James F.
Peterson who served until 1874.

Then Revs. Joab Edwards, N. N. Burton, Milton Norris,
and M. D. Padgett followed each other in quick succession.

Colonel David Denny, who was elected clerk in 1842, died
in 1879. J. B. Eowards, a pious and highly cultured young
man, then filled the position. He died in a short time and
J. B. Edwards was elected to succeed him. Rev. James A.
Carson was pastor in 1891.

PHILIPPI.

Philippi isa member of ‘‘The Ridge’’ Baptist Association
and is situated about five miles southeast of Johnston and
about the same distance northeast of Trenton. ‘This church
was coustituted in the year 1814. When first constituted it
was located on Bull Branch about three miles South of the
present site. Its membership at first was twenty-five, three
of whom were negroes. Revs. Thomas DeLoach, Francis
Walker, and John Landrum were the ministerial Presbytery
that constituted the church. Who was first pastor is not now
known, the record not showing but Thomas DeLoach, Pres-
cott Bush, Benjamin Still, and Peter Galloway preached for
the church at different times. Joshua Monk was the first
clerk. David Foshee and Benjamin Medlock were ordained
deacons in March 1815. Joshua Monk and Enock Phelps in
July 1819 by Messrs Carson, Howell, Benjamin Still, and
Prescott Bush. Jacob Whitehead and Joshua Monk, Zechariah
Claxton, Samuel Posey, Anselm Cullam, Jesse Williams, E.
W. Horne, C. A. Horne, William Howard, Jackson Holmes,
and W. H. Timmerman have filled the position; the last name
having served in that capacity continuously since 1862.

In September, 1823, the church membership numbered 21—
a little less than when constituted. In 1829 William Bloods-
worth and Zechariah Claxton were made deacons by a Presby-
tery composed of Revs. John Galloway and Peter Galloway.
In 1833 William Johnson and Anselm Cullam were ordained
deacons by Revs.|Peter Galloway and Joseph Norris. Absalom
Horne was made deacon in 1834 and given authority to exhort
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 311

in public. Deacon William Johnson was ordained to the
gospel ministry in August, 1835, and Deacon Absalom Horne
in June 1842 by Revs. Joseph Norris, H. Prescott, and Wil-
liam Johnson. Ansel Devore, James A. Howard, William
Toney, E. W. Horne, C. A. Horne, Malachi Cogburn, Ham-
mond Cumbee, L. B. Smith, H. W. Jackson, Winfield Scott,
T. H. Derrick, and J. O. Johnson have all served as deacons.

Rev. Peter Galloway is the first pastor of whom we have
any record, though he was doubtless preceded by others. Rev.
William Johnson was called in 1845, and served for several
years. Since then the pastors have been H. A. Williams,
Absalom Horne, Elijah W. Horne, Edward F. Kendall, James
A. Woodward, Henry T. Bartley, Dr. William B. Shaw, W.
T Hundley, and J. C. Brown, who has been serving the
church for the last seven years. Elijah W. Horne was ordained
to the ministry at Philippi in May 1857 by Revs. A. W. Asbill
and Absalom Horne, and was pastor at the time of his death,
January 2nd, 1883. He was stricken with paralysis at a
Union Meeting at Ridge Spring on December 31st, 1882,
while on the floor talking to the children on the subjects of
death and the resurrection. He never spoke after he was
stricken. He was a graduate of Furman University, and
attended the Baptist Theological Seminary two years. He
was a good preacher; an active, working Christian, and a
patriotic citizen. If I mistake not, he was Captain of a com-
pany in the Nineteenth South Carolina Volunteers during the
War of Secession. I was in a company in the same regiment
and saw him sometimes and heard him mentioned as a good
officer, a brave soldier and a pious man.

Revs. Hundley and Brown are the only two of Philippi’s
pastors living in 1891. Mr. Brown is a graduate of Mercer
University. It is said that he preached without notes or
manuscript before him—a practice which should be followed
by all who stand in the pulpit to speak to the souls of men.
Let the living Word be spoken by the living voice.

There is one incident in the history of this church, which,
happily, is not common to all the churches. In 1855 a citizen
of the community, who had been selling liquors under a
license for several years near the church, was prevented from
obtaining license after the expiration of that under which he
312 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

was then selling. Whereupon, he, supposing that the church
had no title to the land upon which the building stood, built
a fence around the house with new rails and forbid entrance.
He was, of course, prosecuted for the act, and after awhile
was glad to compromise the matter by giving a warranty title
to the church of two acres of land additional, and by paying
all costs. Better still, he afterwards mended his ways and
became a member of Philippi Church.

This church is situated in a thickly peopled section of
country. The people are not wealthy, but they are better
than being only wealthy in worldly goods—they are sober,
industrious, and well to do in every respect.

BETHANY.

This church was constituted December 2nd, 1809, by Revs.
Amos Dubose, Enoch Brazeal, and Robert Marsh, with eight
members from Fellowship and Plum Branch Churches, viz.:
Garrett Longmire, John Chiles, George Coleman, Elizabeth
Barrett, Winnefor Forgcson, Francis Henderson, Francis
Davidson, Abigail Jay. Rev. Amos Dubose was first pastor
and served till the end of the year 1824. Larkin Cason was
first clerk, serving until 1829. John Longmire was made
deacon in 1816—the first recorded. There was a great revival
in 1810. ‘This revival was followed by a state of lukewarm-
ness, as it appears from the records that only seven persons
were baptized into the church from the close of 1810 to the
first of 1829. The church then took on new life and had great
revivals for several years. Many were added to the church by
baptism, some of whom were negroes. For three years there
were revivals each year, and they have continued at intervals
to the present time.

This church united with the Edgefield Baptist Association
in 1810. Rev. R. M. Todd was pastor from some time in 1825
to the end of 1831, with the exception of an interval from
January to August, 1828, during which time a Rev. Mr.
Roberts was pastor. “ The church licensed Henry Casper and
Washington Belcher to preach in 1810, and ordained Henry
Casper in 1811.

William Chiles was made clerk in 1829 and served to 1841.
James M. Chiles was licensed to preach in 1830, and was
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 313

ordained in 1832. At the same time John Chiles was ordained
deacon. Rev. James M. Chiles became pastor in 1832, and
served as such until the close of 1844. Under him the church
prospered—had several great revivals—and also the Sunday-
school cause was revived. Littleton A. Brooks was ordained
deacon in 1833. John Anderson was made clerk in 1841, served
till 1845, and was succeeded by W. B. Brannan, who served to
1847. Richard P. Quarles was clerk from 1847 to 1850.

Rev. William Royal became pastor in 1845, and served until
the close of the year 1848. During the year 1849 Rev. A. P.
Norris was pastor the first Sunday and the day before in each
month; Rev. James Shadrack fourth Sunday in each month.

In 1850 there was a new house of worship built at Shinburg
muster ground, near Longmire’s postoffice. The old meeting
house, which was on the road from Edgefield Court House to
Abbeville Court House, and about midway between Hard
Labor and Cuffeetown Creeks, was sold and the church moved
into the new house of worship. Rev. John Trapp was made
pastor in 1850, and Rev. James Shadrack was ordained to the
Gospel ministry the same year, and during the same year
Joseph L. Talbert was made clerk.

Rev. John Trapp served as pastor to the close of 1874. Under
his administration the church prospered—he was greatly be-
loved and was finally compelled to resign on account of age
and infirmities incident thereto. Hezekiah Edwards and Peter
Quattlebaum were made deacons in 1854. John G. Thornton
was made deacon in 1863, and in the same year R. W. Sey-
mour was ordained to preach, and called to preach one Sunday
in each month, as an assistant to Rev. John Trapp, the regular
pastor.

The clerk of the church, Joseph L. Talbert, was killed on
Maryland Heights at the capture of Harper’s Ferry in 1862.
George J. Sheppard was then made clerk, and served until
1869., when he and Orlando Sheppard were ordained dea-
cons. W. H. Yeldell was made clerk, which position he still
fills (1894). Rev. R. W. Seymour became pastor in 1875, and
served until the end of 1877. Rev. A. G. Collier was called,
and served as pastor 1878 and 1879. Rev. B. F. Miller served
the years 1880, 1881, and 1882. Under Mr. Miller the church
prospered, and many were added to the membership. J. T.
314 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

White and A. L. Bushnell were ordained deacons in 1882.
Rev. J. K. Fant was pastor during the year 1883. Rev. B. F.
Miller was again called, and served as pastor from June, 1884,
to the end of 1885. The church ordained Rev. J. S. Manardis
to the ministry in 1885.

Rev. J. S. Jordan was pastor during the years 1886 and
1887, and was very successful in his labors.

H. Q. Talbert, L. D. White, C. W. Burress, and W. A.
Cheatham were ordained deacons in 1887.

The history of this church was sent me by J. T. White.

BETHEL.

The records prior to the year 1853 have been lost or mis-
laid, so that it is now impossible to give a complete history of
this church. An imperfect sketch can only be given from the
recollections of the older members.

Flat Rock, situate at Flat Rock, a large shoal of rock about
four miles from Ridge and seven miles from the present site of
Bethel, was the first Baptist Church in this section. There
lived near here two or three families named Walker, who
were Baptists, and one Fowler was a preacher. These, with a
few other Baptists at a distance, (the country was thinly set-
tled then, ) formed a church, as near as I can learn, about the
year 1805. A few years afterwards the Walkers, and some
others who lived near, moved West, and the church languished.
In 1820 Mr. Lambkin and a few others, who lived near where
Bethel now (1892) is, and whose membership had previously
been at Flat Rock, built a church at a place on the Columbia
and Augusta public road, known as Double. Branches, and
christened it ‘‘Bethel.’’ Whether this church was a continu-
ance of Flat Rock, in the absence of records, is not known
positively, but it is thoughttobe. At any rate, all the members
of Flat Rock came to Bethel. This church has a noble record.

The first pastor was Cyrus Howel, whose name is still fre-
quently mentioned by the oldest Christians. He was succeeded
by such men as Revs. Brooker, Watkins, Asbill, Shaw, and
others, whose names and memories are fondly cherished by a
grateful and loving people.

The first church building was replaced by a handsome edifice
in 1862.
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD..: 315

From Bethel has sprung entirely the noble Ridge Church,

and largely the Batesburg Church, and also the Bethlehem
Church.

RICHLAND SPRING

Baptist Church was organized August 12th, 1859, under the
ministry of Rev. H. T. Bartley.

The first deacons were Major Josiah Padgett and Mr. Luke
Rodgers.

The pastors who have succeeded Mr. Bartley in charge of
this church are: Rev. H. Jones, Rev. W. W. Burton, Rev.
W. D. Padgett, and Rev. J. A. Carson.

Iam not informed as to the number of the membership at
this time, December, 1892.

DAMASCUS

Baptist Church is located in the northern part of Gray
Township, one-half mile from the line dividing Edgefield from
Abbeville, and between Phoenix postoffice and Gaines’ post-
office. Old Damascus Church stood about one mile north of
the present church, in Abbeville County, near Phcenix, and
previous to 1831 the house was used as a union meeting house
by the Baptists, Methodists, and Presbyterians. In 1831 the
Baptists organized a church with twelve members, and called
Rev. James Chiles to the pastorate, who served the church
until 1840, when he was succeeded by Rev. John Trapp, who
served until 1856. During the later years of Rev. Trapp’s
pastorate the present church building was erected on a lot
donated by Nathaniel Henderson. Since 1856 the church has
been served by the following pastors: Rev. William P. Hill,
1857-1862; Rev. Basil Manly, Jr., 1863-1868; Rev. W. B.
Jones, 1869-1873; Rev. R. M. Sanders, 1874; Rev. Jno. H.
Dargan, 1875-1876; Rev. M. E. Broadus, 1877; Rev. J. S.
Jordan, 1878-1890; Rev. Thomas Campbell, 1891; Rev. J. T.
B. Anderson, 1892; Rev. J. L. Ouzts, 1893.

The following have served as clerks since the organization
of the church: Dr. Thomas Lake, 1831-1838; Felix Lake,
1839; Elias Lake, 1840; Robert Turner, 1841; N. Henderson
to 1868; W. H. Stallworth, 1869-1883; J. M. Gaines, 1884-

1893.
Treasurers: S. J. Burnett, 1858; W. H. Stallworth, to
316 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

1868; George R. Caldwell, 1869-1876; J. H. Burnett, 1877-
1878; A. C. Stallworth, 1879-1884; J. O. Watson, 1885-1893.

Deacons: ‘Thomas Lake, 1831-187-; Russel Vaughn, 1832-
1854; Felix Lake, 1839-1840; Elias Lake, 1841-1853; J. S.
Burnett, 1856-1889; Johnson Sale; Willis Ross, 1863-1871;
W. H. Stallworth, 1866-1893; George R. Caldwell, 1866-
1887; J. H. Burnett, 1866-1893; H. B. Maxwell, 1878-
1893; P. H. Adams, 1878-1893; J. S. Watson, 1885-1893;
J. M. Gaines, 1885-1893; Z. P. Henderson, 1889-1893.

In 1866 the colored members withdrew from the church and
formed Damascus Colored Church. They have a very neat
church building standing about one-quarter mile from the
white church.

In 1868 Damascus withdrew from the Edgefield Association
to join other churches in the formation of the Abbeville Asso-
ciation and the first meeting of the new Association was held
with Damascus Church in that year.

The church has had a steady and healthy growth and now

numbers 118 members.
J. M. GAINES, Church Clerk.

JOHNSTON.

The church at Johnston was organized on the 21st day of
February, 1875, in the Johnston Academy after preaching by
Rev. W. A. Pearson.

The following are the names of the members who united in
organizing the church at that time: Jesse M. Cogburn, Ed-
ward J. Mims, M. D., Benjamin S. Cogburn, Jeter W. Crim,
Nathan G. Carwile, Augustus C. Mobley, Edward A. Mims,
M. H. Mims, Mrs. Z. L.. Carwile, Mrs. E. J. Mims, Mrs. A.
C. Mobley, Mrs. W. L. Coleman, Sr., Mrs. Jesse M. Cogburn,
Mrs. J. W. Crim, Miss S. C. Carwile, Mrs. W. S. Mobley,
Miss P. E. Mims. Total, 18. Rev. Luther Broadus was
pastor in 1875, Rev. W. J. Alexander, D. D., 1876-1877; Rev.
Richard Furman, D. D., 1878-1879; Rev. W. T. Hundley,
1880, closing November 1892; Rev. W. E. Parish began his
pastorate July 1st, 1893.

The church membership July 1893 numbered 175 and pays
the pastor $750 and furnishes a parsonage rent free. The
annual contributions of this church to missions, education, and
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 317

other benevolent purposes are from $500 to $700. The church
is in a healthy and growing condition.

EDGEFIELD.

This church was organized in 1823 with 23 members. Rev.
Basil Manly, D. D., was first pastor; he also wrote the Con-
stitution of the church. The deacons were A. B. McWhorter
M. M. Mims.

Since the resignation of Dr. Manly to accept a call to the
First Church in Charleston this church has had as pastors Rev.
James A, Warren, 1827; Rev. W. B. Johnson, D. D., 1830-
1852; Rev. J. M. Chiles, 1851; Rev. C. A. Raymond, 1853-
1854; Rev. E. L. Whatley, 1855-:856; Rev. L. R. Gwaltney,
1858-1868; Rev. Luther Broaddus, 1869-1875; Rev. W. J.
Alexander, 1876-1877; Rev. W. T. Hundley, 1878-1882; Rev.
H. A. Whitman, 1882-1886; Rev. T. D. Clark, 1886-1888:
Rev. G. L. Hunt, D. D., 1888-1890; Rev. I. N. Booth, 1891-
1893.

In July 1893 the church, after the resignation of Mr. Booth
again called Rev. L. R. Gwaltney, D. D., who accepted and
began his work there September ist of that year. The church
was fortunate in securing the services of this eminent divine.
He was much loved during his first pastorship and is an
earnest worker in his Master’s vineyard.

The following is a list of names of the constituent members
of this church at the organization in 1823: Matthew Mims,
Arthur Simkins, Sr., A. B. McWhorter, Henry Lowe, Abner
Whatley, Wiley Melton, Patience Addison, Elisabeth Milton,
Isabel A. Drysdale, Phyllis Whatley, Margaret Pixley, Ann
Lane, Eliza A. Drysdale, Martha Mims, Sabra Jeter, E. M.
McWhorter, Ridley Gray, Eliza Mims, the last survivors, Mary
L. Drysdale, Bettie Tutt, Sarah Drake, Mary Tutt, Bethany
Blease, Pudence Martin, Elizabeth Youngblood, Winfred
Ferguson,

For this sketch I am indebted to Mr. J. Leslie Andrews, of
Kirksey’s, Edgefield County, 5. C.

MOUNTAIN CREEK.

From the best information obtained, the record having been
lost, this church was organized in 1798. A few years before
318 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

the church was organized a school was established and a school
house was built where the church now stands.

Rev. N. W. Hodges, a missionary employed by the Edge-
field Association and laboring in its bounds, made an appoint-
ment to preach at this school house. He saw that it was a
prosperous neighborhood and had the prospect of becoming a
centre of influence. He went to work with zeal and energy
and for several years continued to preach in the school house.
In due time the fruits of his labor began to show. Quite a
number manifested a desire to unite with a Baptist church. A
few of the members of Little Stevens Creek Church joined the
brethren at the school house and organized a church. They
then went to work and built a log house in which to worship.

The church was not supplied regularly, but Mr. Hodges
continued to preach there occasionally. The church grew
rather slowly for some years, but in 1829 a revival was expe-
rienced by the little church and also through the neighbor-
hood. Among the number converted was John Trapp, a
young man from Fairfield County, who was then teaching in
the neighborhood. He was a young man of great promise
and the church gave him all the encouragement possible. He
soon applied for license to preach, but he continued to teach
school also until 1833, when he was ordained to the ministry,
and laying aside all else, gave his whole life to preaching the
gospel. The church grew slowly, moving steadily on without
any special revival, until about the year 1840, when many
were converted and joined.

Needing a larger house the people now put up a good frame
building. About the same time, the year 1840, several mem-
bers obtained letters of dismissal, moved about ten miles north-
west and organized Damascus Baptist Church. Note this if
there should be nothing more said about Damascus.

The church grew and prospered until, in the year 1852,
there was a gracious revival, eighty new members being bap-
tized and a number restored. Among those baptized was
Theophilus Williams, who was soon ordained to the ministry.
He lived only ten years after this.

At this time Mountain Creek was one of the strongest
churches in the northern part of the Association, the member-
ship being (colored people were then included) over five
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. , 319

«hundred. In 1856 .a number. of the members branched off and
organized Olive Branch Baptist Church. Note this also?

In 1859 there was another revival, and sixty persons pro-
fessed religion and were baptized.

During the Civil War the church suffered great loss in mem-
bership and financially. But in 1866 there was another great
revival, and ninety-eight were baptized and five restored.
This meeting lasted seventeen days and was conducted by
Rev. John Trapp, who received some help from a Methodist
niinister living near the church.

Though beginning to feel the feebleness of age, Mr. Trapp
continued to preach, when able, ‘‘without money and without
price.’ He died August 27th, 1876, having béen pastor con-
tinuously from 1834, with the exception of the years 1855 and
1856. He was succeeded by Rev. R. W. Seymour, who was
pastor for four years.

Towards the close of Mr. Seymour’s ministration the church
had grown somewhat cold in the religious life; but in 1881 that
earnest and zealous man, Rev. J. K. Fant, was called and
accepted the callto the church. He had hard work to do, but
his labors were blessed and he soon brought the members to
realize the fact that they had work to do. He preached two
Sabbaths each month, and Saturday before each fourth Sab-
bath. His salary was $300.00.

During Mr. Fant’s term of service many changes were
made. The old box pulpit was removed and a nice stand put
in its place. Suitable furniture was provided, and a stove,
and an organ, and other improvements were made. All this
was largely the work of the women. They organized also a
flourishing ‘‘Ladies’ Aid Society.’’ During the year the
church gave to State Missions fifty dollars; thirty to Foreign
Missions, and thirty to ministerial education. During this
year, 1881, in August, a series of meetings were held, in
which the pastor was assisted by Rev. H. C. Smart. A re-
vival was had, eight backsliders were restored, and thirty-four
were added to the church by baptism.

Mr. Fant was pastor four years, and during that time eleven
were restored to fellowship and seventy-six were baptized. A
Sunday-school was also established.

In February, 1885, Mr. Fant resigned the charge. He was
320 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

succeeded by Rev. J. F. McMillan, of North Carolina. During
the eight months of this year, 1885, he gave all his time to
the church at a salary of $500.00. Through 1886 and 1887 he
gave his whole time. In 1888 two Sabbaths in each month.

The Sunday-school was reorganized in 1868, and did fairly
good work under Superintendents D. A. J. Bell, J. W. Aiton,
W.L. Durst, R. T. Strom, J. M. Rambo. In the spring of
1887 the Sunday-school was reorganized and worked with
greater zeal than ever before, with J. Leslie Andrews superin-
tendent. In 1887 the school contributed fifty-six dollars for
missions, incidentals, &c., and increased in giving from year
to year, till in the year 1890 one hundred and ten dollars were
raised by the school.

In 1888 Mr. McMillan resigned the pastorate, and Rev.
B. F. Miller was called. He accepted the call in January,
1890, and served the church two Sabbaths in each month,
until April, 1891, when he was compelled to resign on account
of ill health. After along and painful illness he passed to a
better world.

In July, 1891, Rev. J. T. B. Anderson, of Barnwell, was
called. He remained pastor during that year. In January,
‘1892, the church called Rev. J. P. Mealing for two Sundays
in each month. He served them during the year. At this
time, 1893, Rev. J. L. Ouzts, of Mountain Creek, a graduate
of Furman University, is preaching to the church. Through
Mr. Fant’s influence he was induced to study for the
ministry.

BETHLEHEM.

This church was constituted October 14th, 1853, by 4
Presbytery consisting of the Revs. J. A. Carter and S. P.
Getzen, with a membership of four males and eight females.

Rev. J. A. Carter was first pastor to May 24th, 1856, when
Rev. P. F. Burgess was elected. Mr. Burgess served three
years, when Rev. W. L. Hames was elected, May 22nd, 1858.

There was no conference from August 2yth, 1861, to July
24th, 1864, at which time Rev. J. P. Mealing was elected.
Mr. Mealing served the church until January 11th, 1885.
Rev. J. A. Bell served from latter date for two years; Rev.
J. L. Ouzts, during the year 1887; Rev. Wm. M. Verdery,
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 321

1898; Rev. E. W. Sammons, 1889 and 1890; Rev. G. H. Bur-
ton, 1891, 1892, and 1893.

Present membership of Bethlehem, sixteen males and
eighteen females.

PLEASANT LANE.

This church was organized and dedicated as a Baptist Church
in May, 1837, with but few members, but in course of time
there was as many as 100 members, and was served by such
ministers as Revs. Brunson, Z. Watkins, Abner Asbill, H. A.
Williams, Getzen. Rev. Mark Abney was serving
this church @t the time of his death, ‘‘one of our very best
ministers’’ anda near relation of the writer of this history.
Rev. — Asbill also was serving the church at the time of
his death. All these men were faithful and good laborers—all
have passed to their eternal rest.

At the close of the war the church membership was very
small, and the white population around being very sparse, the
land nearly all being owned by a few persons and tenanted by
negroes, early in the year 1868 the members thought it best
that they should dissolve Pleasant Lane and join other
churches, which they did.

The church property was then claimed and recovered by the
Landrum estate. It was then immediately sold to the colored
Baptists to be used by them as a church. The church has, at
this date, August, 1893, about one thousand members.

For this account of Pleasant Lane I am indebted to Mr.
Lemuel Corley, communicated through Rev. G. A. Wright.

GOOD HOPE.

This church was constituted in the year 1804 by Henry
King, Chesley Davis, and William Eddins. The membership
was sinall,

The pastors have been Chesley Davis, William Still, ——
Todd, David Peterson, James F. Peterson, Jones W. Coleman,
—— Proffit, A. P. Norris, W. A. Gaines, N. N. Burton, J. F.
McMillan, T. J. Rooke, and James A. Carson. There were
possibly other pastors at short intervals.

Rev. James A. Carson is pastor this August, 1893, and the
membership at this date is 289.

This information is furnished by L. Rice, C. C.

 

 
322 HISTORY OF -EDGEFIELD.

BIG STEPHEN'S CREEK. . te

From the best information we can get, the earlier records
having been lost, this church was organized by Rev. Daniel
Marshall as far back as 1769 or 1770, at any rate just before
he established himself at Kiokee, across the river, which was
in 1770. We find in Bolsford’s Memoirs that he preached here
in 1773, and there is no doubt that it was an established church
at that time. ‘There are no means now of ascertaining who
was the first pastor. Like most churches of that day it was a
long time from its organization to the time of having any
regular supply. And like other churches, situated in neigh-
borhoods of large plantations, where there were many negroes,
its white membership was never large. Its present member-
ship is made up in part of descendants of its earliest members.

In March, 1854, Rev. Ivesun L. Brooks vas pastor and
had been for several years. He was noted not only for his
ability as a Gospel preacher, but for his learning and culture,
and as an educator.

G. W. Medlock and Dr. Timmerman.

OLIVE BRANCH AND BOLD SPRING.

Olive Branch Church was organized in 1855, and dissolved
in 1878.

Bold Spring was instituted in 1853, and is now, August
2st, 1893, a flourishing church of over 200 members.

By James Callison.

MOUNT LEBANON.

This church, sometimes called Sweet Water from a refresh-
ing spring near by, was constituted in roth month, 1832, and
is situated near the line of Edgefield and Aiken Counties.
Revs. Robert Carter and Thomas Morris were the first pastors.
Brethren John Curry and John Clerrel were the first deacons,
and John P. Banks first clerk of the church. Number of
original members, 32; present number, 1o1. Present pastor,
Rev. J. M. White, with a long line of intervening pastors,
among them Joseph Morris, Samuel Getzen, Wm. B. Shaw,
J. P. Mealing, and Thos. Walker. :

By Dr. Timmerman.
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 323

X XIX.

RED HILL.

This church was constituted June 20th, 1835, by Elders
Samuel Cartledge and William Watkins, with the following
members: William Watkins, pastor; Reuben Johnson and
Erasmus McDaniel, deacons; Levi McDaniel, clerk; members,
Martin Rose, Sr., Frederick McDaniel, Wm.. Roberts, Sr.,
Thos. Ford, Calvin Cox, Eady Rose, Judy Johnson, Henry
Baugh, Anna McDaniel, Emilia McDaniel, Obedience McCary,
Sealy Shinall, Caroline McDaniel, Elizabeth Holmes, Clarracy
Roberts, Martha Cox, Orpha Forde, Lydia Parkman, Lucy
Holines, Elizabeth Collins, Patience Blalock—ten males, four-
teen females. Not one of these is living at this date, Septem-
ber 5th, 1893.

July 18th, 1835, at the first conference, two were received
by letter. August 15th, second conference, two were received
by baptism and three by letter. February 20th, 1836, first
dismissal by letter. September 17th, 1836, the first delegate
was appointed to the Association, but no record as to where
Association was held.

Rev. W. Watkins was pastor from June, 1835, to 1884.
Discipline was strictly enforced during this time, and the
membership increased very slowly.

Rev. James Morris was elected pastor in 1841. In 1842 a
great revival is mentioned, but only one member was added to
the church. Mr. Morris resigned in 1843 aud Rev. D. D.
Brunson was called. The same year Lewis Collins was elected
clerk.

In 1845 there was a great revival. During the meeting the
pastor, Rev. D. D. Brunson, was assisted by Revs. Getzen,
Kennedy, Abney, and Hughs. At this time Clerk Lewis
Collins was made a deacon, and Samuel Scott elected clerk.

Three were added to the church in 1846. In the fall of
1850 Rev. D. D. Brunson resigned, and Rev. David Bodie was
elected pastor. In 1851 there was a protracted meeting of
seven days in August, and several days again in September,
at which 51 were added to the church by baptism, (and a large
324 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

number of negroes,) but few of these are living to-day, Sep-
tember 5th, 1893. Protracted meetings were held in 1852,
1853, 1854; and in 1855 Rev. D. D. Brunson was again called
to the church. William Holmes and E. Bartley were elected
deacons, and Captain W. F. Prescott was made clerk.

Rev. S. P. Getzen was pastor the first half of 1856. (Was
preaching until a pastor could be had.) Dr. T. M. Bailey filled
the pulpit the remaining half of 1856 and the year 1857. Rev.
Hams preached from 1857 to 1867—1867 W. B. Shaw was
pastor to 1869. In 1869 Rev. G. W. Bussey was ordained, and
preached ’69 and ’70; was again called for 1870 and 1871, but
declined, and attended the Seminary at Greenville, S. C., and
Rev. McCrackin filled inthe time for two years. 1873 the
first mention of a stipulated salary for the pastor. During the
entire pastorate of Rev. Bussey large additions are recorded.
1877 Captain W. F. Presscott resigned clerk, serving 22 years;
C. J. McDaniel made clerk 1877. W.L. McDaniel and R. M.
Johnson were made deacons in 1878. In 1879 there were
thirty-five new additions to the church. In 1882 H. W.
Quarter, the present incumbent, was elected clerk.

Rev. E. W. Samons, pastor during 1886; Rev. J. L. Ouzts,
pastor during 1887; Rev. J. J. Getsinger, pastor during 1888
and 1889. Rev. G. W. Bussey again the pastor in 1890, and
is still the pastor at this time, September, 1893. The church
has now a membership of 167. The number has buta very few
times exceeded the present, never reaching more than 175 or 180.

Some changes and improvements have been made in the
building, so that it is somewhat different from the original
structure. It was ceiled and painted in 1882. An organ was
bought in 1887, and in 1888 and 1889 the Ladies’ Aid Society
supplied new seats.

The church now needs a new building, the old one having
served its time, is considerably decayed and is entirely too
small for the accommodation of the congregations. At this
writing, August 21st, 1893, a protracted meeting is in progress
and promises to be very fruitful.

So much for Red Hill Church. There is also a fine school
at Red Hill, known as Red Hill Academy. It is an old school,
having been in existence fora great many years, and it is at
this time in a prosperous and flourishing condition.
HISTORY OF KDGEFIELD. 325:

This sketch of Red-Hill Baptist Church has been kindly
furnished by Wyatt H. Seigler, Cold Spring, S. C., through.
Dr. W. H. Timmerman.

RED OAK GROVE.

From information given by J. A. Prime, clerk, and for-
warded to me by Hon. W. H. Timmerman, we learn that Red
Oak Grove Church was constituted on the r5th day of Febru-
ary, 1812, by a Presbytery composed of Revs. Samuel Marsh,
John Blackston and Samuel Cartledge as appointed by the
church. The church was constituted with 28 members who
brought letters from Antioch and Callahan, (now Parksville)
Churches. First pastor was Elisha Palmer and Dempsey
Bussey and A. Bush were first deacons. The former deacon
belonged to the Antioch Church and lived 8 miles from the
church and usually walked the distance and attended the con-
ference meetings. He was the grandfather of the present
pastor, Rev. G. W. Bussey, as well as one of the founders of
Oak Grove Church. The church has undergone many
changes, but there yet remains the works of our forefathers
upon the old church book, which is sufficient proof that those
who have gone before us loved their place of worship, and
served Him, whose eye ever rests upon us in a way worthy of
imitation.

The church has had for its pastors Palmer B. Carson, S.
Cartledge, William Watkins, L. Furbry, S. P. Getsen, W. L.
Hawes, and for the the last 24 years Brother G. W. Bussey,
with the exception of one year when Rev. Eddie Walker
preached for it.

This church began with 28 members. There have been at
times as many as 200 members. At present it numbers amongst
its membership the Griffins, Dorns, Whatleys, Timmermans,
Busseys, Princes, Thurmonds, Hon. W. J. Talbert, and many
other good men and women.

SALEM.

The Baptist Church of Salem is situated in the Northern
portion of the county, known as the Saluda section, about 3
miles from Bouknight’s—Herbert’s Ferry. The church was
constituted in 1800. ‘This is as far as the records show, but
tradition says that the church was in existence here prior to
326 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

that date. It was a place of worship before the Rovolutionary
War. Inthe membership of that early date we find names
still familiar in that section, viz.: Corleys, Kings, Colemans,
Rileys, Wheelers, Havirds, Worthingtons, Merchants, Berrys,
and Abneys.

Rev. Samuel Worthington, whose name we find among the
earliest students of Furman University, when that Institution
was located on the high hills ot Santee, was received into the
church in December 1824.

The first pastor is not known. The name of Rev. Henry
King is the first appearing on the record as pastor. Mr. King
and his wife were received by letter in 1810, and he was called
at once as pastor. The pastors since Mr. King have been
Revs. B. Still, D. Peterson, Robert Corley, Zedekiah Watkins,
J. F. Peterson, J. W. Coleman, H. TY. Bartley, and others
until the present time. It is now supplied by Rev. M. D.
Padgett.

In 1810 there were 90 members; in 1834 there were 109; in
1841, 83; in 1850, 52; from 1850 to 1867, 52; from 1867 to 1878
there was an increase of 10, showing 62 members in 1876.
Since that time the membership has fallen off, so that now, in
1893, there are only 33. This reduction was caused by expul-
sions, deaths, and dismissals, but the principal cause was the
advent of the Second Adventists into this section, many
leaving and going into the new sect.

Since the war this church has been supplied by Rev. L,
O’Neall, now dead, W. A. Gaines, Joab Edwards, N. G.
Cooner, N. N. Burton, and others.

For some years this church has been aided in her work by
the State Mission Board. The present church building was
erected in 1837——has been since repaired andimproved. House
and other church property valued at $800.

In 1809 and in 1810, and again in 1832 there were great and
glorious revivals in this church. Ah me! why not have another
and now?

Pine Pleasant was organized or constituted about the year
1832 or 1833, and the house was built soon after. This was
one of the fruits of that great religious wave that swept over
the whole county about that time. The preachers at Pine
Pleasant who took an active part in the revival there were N.
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 327

W. Hodges, Samuel Worthington,—Barnes, and—Chiles—
Dr. J. C. Ready was one of the converts and second pastor.
The church has been served since by Revs. Jones W. Coleman,
Watkins,—A. P. Norris at the close and during the war—
James Carson since the war, and others whose names I cannot
recall, as I write from memory. The church has sometimes
been without a pastor—sometimes quite low in feeling and in
membership, and sometimes quite zealous and healthy.

CHESTNUT OR CHESTNUT RIDGE.

This is an old church constituted by Revs. Robert Marsh,
Samuel Marsh, and John Bolger in 1809. The Culbreaths,
Scotch people, settled in that neighborhood in the year 1765.
The house of worship was built not long after the church was
constituted, it may be before, as the Culbreaths were religious
people and did not choose to remain destitute of the ministry
of the Word. The first deacons were Thomas Scurry, John
Culbreath, and Thomas Christian. There was a church once
on a hill near Mill Creek, Mine Creek, and near the Saluda
Old Town, (also a schoolhouse, where A. P. Butler went to
school when a boy,) but whether Chestnut Ridge took the
the place ofthis, drew off the membership, and this was per-
mitted to go down, I cannot say. Be this as it may, Chestnut
Hill, or Chestnut Ridge, is one of the old churches of the
county, and has at this time a good membership and is ina
healthful condition. Some of the first and most prominent
members of this church were William Smith, Sr., William
Culbreath, Sr., William Marlow, Daniel Rodgers, Toliver
Towles, Daniel Butler, and James Maynard.

The church has been served as pastors by Revs. Mangum,
William Watkins, Jones W. Coleman, James F. Peterson, and
James Carson, nor is this all, but the records of the church are
so broken that it is impossible to do more than I have done.

Information given by the present clerk, Mr. Roton, 1894.

Rocky Creek and Little Stevens Creek are mentioned in
the ‘sections on Fruit Hill, with same notice of their pastors
and present condition.

Mention -is made also in that section of two Methodist
Churches, Bethlehem and Gazzaway.
328 HISTORY OF EDGRFIRLD.

ANTIOCH.

‘Whereas on Saturday 24th of March, 1804, the Baptist
Church at the Cross Roads appointed John Cogburn, Lewis
Tillman, Stephen Norris, William Howel Smith, Floyd Mitchel,
Barkley Martin, and John Huffman to form rules for the
government of the church to be presented at the next meeting
for the inspection of the same. :

‘Also to fix a name for the church to distinguish it from
other cross road churches in the State.’’

The above mentioned committee met at the meeting house
on the 14th day of April and agreed on the name of Antioch
for the church.

There is in existence no further record of church proceedings
until September 1830. Daniel Huff, C. C., John Cogburn, C. C.

William Moss, C. C., from 1833 to 1873; B. T. Mims, C. C.,
from 1873 to 1877; M. A. Mims, from 1877 to 1886; E. G.
Talbert, C. C., from 1886 to 1893.

The Edgefield Baptist Association met here September 6th,
1893, having met with this church only once before since the
church was organized. ‘That meeting was held about 40 years
before as stated by the oldest members. The church record is
silent on the matter.

Two prominent Baptist ministers, Rev. Mark M. Abney and
Rev. D. D. Brunson were both members at Antioch and both
are buried there.

EPISCOPAL CHURCHES.

There are three Episcopal Churches is the county; one in
the town of Edgefield; one in the direction of Ninety-Six, and
about twelve miles from that place. This church was erected
under the aupices of Mrs. Brooks, the mother of the Hon.
P. S. Brooks, and widow of Whitfield Brooks, Esq.. One of
her sons, Colonel J. H. Brooks, now (1893) owns the property
and lives near the church.

There is also one other in the county, situated at Trenton.
There is one at Batesburg, on the line.

ROMAN CATHOLIC.
There is only one Catholic Church building in the county,

and that is in the town of Edgefield, near and just north of the
court house. This house is strong and substantially built of
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 329

the best and most durable granite. Like all other structures
built by Rome from the time Romulus laid her foundation
until now, this house was made to outlast the ages. Rome
and the Roman Church in the way of building do nothing
poor. The Church tries always in material things to realize
and make good the truth of the promise that the gates of hell
shall not prevail against it.

SECOND ADVENTISTS.

There is only one church of this denomination in the county,
and that is situated a few miles from Butler Methodist Church.
The congregation used the O’Neall Baptist Church building
for some time after their organization, but they set about and
soon succeeded in building a house of their own.

The number of members in this church I do not knew, nor
whether they have a stated pastor.

The church was organized about the year 1883.

THE UNIVERSALISTS.

This denomination has one church and church building in
the county. This is at Mount Enon, and has a membership
of about three dozen zealous, active, and intelligent members.
It was organized about the year 1885 by Rev. D. B. Clayton.
There is no regular pastor, but the church is supplied from
time to time by Revs. D. B. Clayton, Burruss, Thomas Chap-
man, and Rev. Mr. Bowers is now pastor.

These are all the denominations I believe. There are no
Mennonites, Quakers, Tunkers, Swedenborgians, nor Chris-
tians that I can now call to mind.

YOUNG MEN’S CHRISTIAN ASSOCIATION.

With the introduction of the Young Men’s Christian Asso-
ciation into Edgefield began a new era. The testimonies o:
ministers, lawyers, physicians, and business men generally,
have been sufficient evidence of this fact.

Such being the case, some facts concerning it will not be out
of place in this history.

After two or three unsuccessful attempts at an organization
of this kind, the present work was established first with simply
a Young Men’s Prayer Meeting, organized by seventeen Edge-
field boys, January 19th, 1890. So great was the enthusiasm
330 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

that a public meeting was conducted that night, and after re-
marks by several of the leaders of the movement, a general
hand-shaking followed.

Over thirty public meetings were held during the year for
the presentation of the work. Nor was the main object lost
sight of, namely, work for young men. The meetings for
young men increased in numbers and in influence, daily; and
the result can only be appreciated by a former resident of the
town. Several conversions were the result during the first
year; and when the Association was finally visited by State
and international secretaries, it was found, to the astonishment
of all, that a dona fide ‘‘County Association Work’’ had sprung
up unknown to the members themselves. ‘The fact of its be-
ing a ‘‘County Work’’ amply justifies the introduction of this
sketch into a history of the county. No apologies are neces-
sary for itsintroducton. This history of the county would be
incomplete without it.

Prior to this only three counties in the United States had
attempted anything like organizing the Associations by coun-
ties, with county conventions, county committees, county
secretaries, &c. Here in Edgefield, while the young men
were ignorant of what was going on elsewhere, branches had
been organized at four country churches, and a constitution,
for the government of all under one system, had been adopted.

A county convention, the fifth ever held, was therefore
called for February 28th, March rst and 2nd, 1891. At this
convention, besides delegates from the several branches in the
county, there were present two international secretaries, one
State secretary, three general secretaries, and one president.
The convention was characterized by a display of enthusiasm,
and yet of sound judgment worthy of any gathering of mere
mortals. Indeed, the future outcome forces the belief upon
the reflective mind that the Spirit of the Living God was pres-
ent, quickening and guiding.

The Convention elected a county committee of seven men,
namely: A. S, Tomkins, Chairman; James T. Bacon, Secre-
tary; A. J. Norris, Treasurer; Dr. J. W. Hill, W. E. Lynch,
R. A. Marsh, and E. J. Mims, all of Edgefield. It was after-
wards supplemented by W. Harling, of Meeting Street; J. W.
Mitchell, of Batesburg; B. L. Caughman, of Mount Willing;
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 331

Dr. J. H. Burkhalter, of Franklin; James L. Andrews, of
Kirkseys, and Rev. A. B. Watson, of Edgefield.

To this committee was given the supervision of the work in
the county; and on May rst, 1891, Mr. Mr. John Lake was
employed as the only County Secretary then in the South.

Mr. Robert Wiedensall, of Chicago, the oldest Secretary of
the International Committee, and the father of nearly all of
the leading features of association work, as college work,
railroad work, work among German speaking young‘men, &c.,
and who first conceived this plan of county work, wrote the
the following in his annual report to the International Commit-
tee, in New York. It was published in the Year Book for 1891:

‘No service during the year afforded me more satisfaction,
and promised more for the future, than the County Convention
at Edgefield, S.C. It began on Saturday evening with one
of the most impressive meetings I ever attended; and in this
meeting the most solid testimony was given by responsible
business men of the good work that had been done for the
young men in the county. The services on Sunday were very
complete in their interests and results.

‘“At the Young Men’s Meeting in the afternoon twenty-five
fine looking young men rose for prayer; and a number of them
accepted Christ in the after meeting. The topics were well
discussed. The paper on ‘County Work,’ read by a lawyer,
was excellent, and will be published in the minutes of the
Convention, and will be a great help to the work. The Con-
vention seemed like a miniature State Convention. A good
county committee was appointed, with headquarters in Edge-
field, the county town, where a working quorum, including
the officers, resides.

‘*The author of the paper referred to was made Chairman
of the Committee; the strongest financial man of the place was
made Treasurer and Chairman of the Finance Committee; and
the editor of the county paper was made Secretary. It was
determined by the Committee to raise $5,000 to prosecute for
the year a true county work.

‘This county is noted as one of the most difficult in South
Carolina for Christian work; and it is a very significant fact
that it should be the first one in the great South to take up
this important phase of association effort. The International
332 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

Committee’s plan of systematic giving for association extension
was adopted by the Convention for the Association of the
county. State Secretary Wynne was present at all the sessions
of the Convention, and did all he could to make it a success.’’

This movement is regarded as one of the most important
steps in the work of the Young Men’s Christian Association;
and Edgefield County, ever forward in such movements as
Nullification, Secession, and Red Shirtism in days gone by, has
taken the front rankinthis. There are now seven Young Men’s
Christian Associations fostered by this county organization.

From the Edgefield Chronicle, February 21st, 1894:

The daily papers throughout the State, as well as the local
press of Sumter, have given glowing accounts of the recent
Convention of South Carolina’s Young Men’s Christian Asso-
ciations. This gathering of eighty or ninety picked men from
the Associations of the State was a model of harmony, enthu-
siasm and spirituality. The subjects relating to the work
were ably discussed; the Bible studies and devotional services
were strengthening and ennobling; and everything was con-
ducted in a business-like manner that reflected credit upon ail
connected with it.

Edgefield was. represented by four delegates, and the work
in our town and throughout our county made a most encour-
aging showing when the reports were called for. County
Y. M. C. A. Work, as conducted in our county, is regarded
as a model for the other counties of our State, and indeed for
the entire nation.

Reports received from various points in the county since the
Convention are exceedingly gratifying. At the last meeting
heard from, at Good Hope, about 75 young men were present.
Mt. Willing was visited last week, and new life has been in-
fused into the work there.

In our town on Sunday last there were 23 at the young
men’s meeting, 16 at the boy’s meeting, and over two hun-.
dred at the public service at night. During the same day a
committee from the Association visited the jail, while a similar
committee has been appointed to visit the Poor House at stated
periods. The Bible classes are still doing geod work, and
everything betokens progress along all lines of Y. M.C. A.
work.
HISTORY OF*EDGEFIELD. 333.

XXX.
EDUCATION.

The subject of education has already been mentioned more
than once, but the reader will find here the official statement
of W. D. Mayfield, Esq., Superintendent of Education, for
the year 1891, showing the number of high shools and graded
schools in the county, with the number of pupils in attendance,
male and female, white and colored.

We find there are four high schools, viz.: Denny's, Emory,
Harmony, and Red Hill. Two graded schools, one at Edge-
field and one at Johnston.

Number of children that attended school during the scholas-
tic year, 1890-91. This is thetotalenrolment. Males, white,
2,044; females, white, 1,830; total, 3,874. Males, colored,
2,501; females, colored, 2,907; total, 5,408. Total, males,
4,545; total, females, 4,737; grand total, 9,282.

The average attendance was somewhat less. It is here
given:

Males, white, 1,840; females, white, 1,517; total, 3,357;
Males, colored, 2,099; females, colored, 2,457; total, 4,556.
Total males, 3,939; total females, 3,974; grand total, 7,913.
Number of school houses, 169; value, $14,475; 71 log houses,
98 frame; condition good, 90; fair, 43; bad, 36. Owned by
school districts, 61; by other parties, 108. Of the students in
attendance there were studying the alphabet, 394; spelling,
6,156; reading, 5,527; writing, 4,683; mental arithmetic,
2,342; written arithmetic, 3,367; geography, 2,812; English
Grammar, 1,930; History of the United States, 1,771; higher
branches, 446. Schools were in session during the year, 3.50
months.

INSTITUTE WORK—TEACHERS IN ATTENDANCE.

Male, white, 5; female, white, 11; total, 16.

Male, colored, 17; female, colored, 16; total, 33.

Total males, 22; total females, 27; grand total, 49.

Amount paid male instructors, $80.00; female $55.00.

Total amount paid instructors, $135.00.

Value of school furniture and apparatus, $300.00.
334 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

TEACHERS EMPLOYED IN COMMON SCHOOLS.

Male, white, first grade, 37; female, 51; total, 88.
Male, white, second grade, 2; female, 15; total, 17.
Male white, third grade, 0; female, 2; total, 2.
Male, colored, first grade, 6; female, 3; total, 9.
Male, colored, second grade, 16; female, 10; total, 26.
Male, colored, third grade, 20; female, 25; total, 45.
Licentiate, colored, 4; total, 4.

Males, first grade, 43; females, 54; total, 97.

Males, second grade, 18; female, 25; total, 43.
Males, third grade, 20; females, 27; total; 47.

Males licentiates, 0; females, 4; total, 4.

Total am’t paid to teachers during the year 1890-91 $12602 31
SCHOOL FUNDS—EXPENDITURES FOR YEAR 1889-90.

Teachers’ salaries. . ..... » o«  « « . $12602 31

Schoo! Commissioner’s salary. ... . .. 60000

Traveling expenses of School Commissioner 2 IOO 00

Per diem Board of Examiners and mileage... . 30 00—$13332 31

Money raised for school purposes, 1890, 2-mill tax. 12501 316

AVERAGE MONTHLY WAGES PAID TO TEACHERS.

Male, first grade, $30; female, $20.

Male, second grade, $20; female, $15.

Male, third grade, $18; female, $18.

Licentiates, $12.50; $12.50.

We find from the foregoing statement the total number of
children enrolled for instructions in the public schools of the
county is 9,282.

At an expense to the county of $13,332.31. For each child
enrolled it is $1.436.

Schools are open three and a half months in the year.

From the foregoing statement it is very plain that the edu-
cation and the amount of instruction to be had in the public
schools is not at all sufficient to make one a scholar. Pope,
the poet says:

“A little learning is a dangerous thing;
Drink deep, or taste not the Pierian Spring.”

I am not sure that he is right, but whether he is or not, this
is clear, that he who is able to read well, is able to drink deep,
is able to store up in his mind the best thoughts of the best
and wisest men of all the ages. The public school system
“HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 335

lays the foundation and opens the way to the acquisition of
knowledge, and the seeker can go on if he wishes. A colle-
giate training does little more.

The public school system is rather hard on the teachers.
Three and a half months’ employment during the year is not
sufficient, hence the danger is of not being able to find teachers
strictly first grade for the public schools. There is great
danger of lowering the standard.

In addition to the foregoing mentioned high schools and
academies I can add that there is at Ridge Spring a good
academy for boys and girls where pupils are prepared for
college. Batesburg has two good schools, one under the
control of the Baptist denomination, the other under control of
the Methodist. Both have good teachers and both do good
work. They have good buildings. These schools belong to
Lexington as well as Edgefield, as Batesburg is on the line
between the two counties. Johnston has already been men-
tioned. The schools there have been good for a long time..
Johnston now has a graded school. Trenton, the old Pine
House, has a good academy. At this time, September 1893,
the school is under the mastership of M. W. Purifoy—he has
just entered upon its duties. He has had some experience and
is a good teacher. The school has a competent corps of
assistants.

At Edgefield Rev. L. R. Gwaltney has just entered upon his
duties as headmaster of the old and venerable Edgefield Acad-
emy, where many eminent men were educated in the past, and
where one eminent native and citizen of Newberry, James J.
Caldwell, taught in the year 1819. Mr. Gwaltney, as pastor
of the Baptist Church at Edgefield and a master of the acad-
emy, has a fine field for doing good work.

Parksville, Modoc, and Plum Branch, on the Augusta and
Knoxville Railroad, have good high schools. And so in every
section of the county from Lexington to Abbeville and from
the Savannah to the Saluda, education is not neglected any-
where, but from every hamlet and homestead in the land
children flock daily to the school houses with their satchels
full of books. And all who will may get a good education in
the County of Edgefield.
336 HISTORY OF “EDGEFIELD.

LITERATURE.

Edgefield has been the home, native or adopted, of many
eminent men, lawyers, judges, physicians, ministers of the
Gospel, statesmen, Governors, and military men, but of few
writers and authors of books. The talent and genius have
not been wanting; but the atmosphere of Edgefield has always
been too intensely active and practical to give a suitable home
to the story teller, to the dreaming scholar, or to the poet.
There have been men and women both, who, under other
auspices, might have developed into poets and writers of
general literature. Indeed, the feeling that makes the poet,
the sciet.tist, and the scholar is in all lands and in all commu-
nities. Circumstances foster, or retard and hinder, the growth
of the feeling to the flowering and fruit-bearing age.

In Edgefield the taste and scholarship of Mr. Edmund
Bacon were so remarkable that when a boy at school in
Augusta and only fifteen years of age, he was selected by the
academy to give the address of welcome to Washington on his
visit to that city in 1791. Mr. Bacon’s wish then was to de-
vote himself to literary pursuits, to which his guardian was
favorable, perhaps injudiciously, as his fortune was small.
Washington was so well pleased with the address of welcome
that he made Mr. Bacon a present of books, and among them
were some valuable law books. This present determined him
to give his life to the law. He made a good and successful
lawyer; but there is little doubt that literature lost a worthy
servant. The taste for polite learning (and the love of it) has
always been strong in his descendants, but they have pro-
duced, so far as is known to this writer, no permanent works.
The editor of the Edgefield Chronicle is a graceful and easy
writer, of pure taste and isa fine musician. What James T.
Bacon might have done had he given himself to letters en-
tirely, I know not; but I feel that he could have done well.

Arthur Simkins, so long the able and popular editor of the
Edgefield Advertiser, was a poet and musician of no mean
order; but he passed away, leaving no permanent work, except
what may be found in the files of the Advertiser. There are
others now bearing the name, who might rise to eminence in
the world of letters, but the exigencies of life press upon them
and force their labors into other channels. Poverty and neg-
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 337

lect are too often the portion of the man of letters. When suc-
cessful the carping critics vex his soul, and he cannot help
crying out:

“Tray, Blanche and Sweetheart, see they bark at me.”’

Mrs. Sophia Lake, born Blocker, the wife of Dr. John Lake,
was a good writer; wrote stories and sketches for the Adver-
tiser, and was an occasional contributor to Godey’s Lady’s
Book, and perhaps also to other magazines. She left no
book. Had I a specimen of her verse it would afford me
pleasure to give one or more here. She was kin by blood to
James Beattie, author of the Minstrel.

Why should I write the name of Catherine D. Hammond
here? Because she was, or might have been, a writer of verse.
She lived and died perhaps a hundred years ago. Hers was a
bright, ethereal spirit, the spirit of a poat.

Professor La Borde’s History of the South Carolina College
is one of the few books, the work of an Edgefield man. The
work is very valuable as the history of an institution that has
been, and, it is hoped, will long continue to be, of great and
‘lasting benefit to the people of the State. Professor La Borde’s
work, with Colonel J. P. Thomas’ History of the Citadel
Academy, should never be permitted to drop into neglect
before the sea of oblivion covers all.

William H. Abney had poetical ability of a high order, but
no work of his remains, except some few verses which were
published in the Advertiser, and which are here given, with
remarks of the editor of that paper:

Edgefield Advertiser, January 14th, 1863:

SOMETHING UNIQUE.

W. H. A. sends us from Grahamville, S. C., the following
chastely-wrought stanzas, remarking that ‘‘although verses of
another stripe would be more suited to a time of war like
this,’’ yet he does not think ‘‘that Melpomene should utterly
dethrone her gentler sisters.”’ We decidedly agree to that
sentiment, and find room with pleasure for our absent friend’s
effusion. The ladies will scan its peculiar merits with zest,
and, although plain philologists may at first uplift their critical
brows against the quaintness of its verbiage, they will, upon
examination, find that it stands the test of orthoepy. Only
338 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

further premising that we should ourself have preferred that
our classical contributor had furnished a clue to one or two very
pretty phrases which (to be candid) are not entirely within
our ken, we beg leave to introduce to the public:

The Elfin Lake.

A lakelet smiles in yonder druid glen,
So clipt in roundure that a naiad’s hair,

I wis, might shadow it—and one could ken
No presence but the naiad’s presence there.

Innumerous ‘quick-freshes,’ clear and cold,
Open their crystal throats, and ever pour

Their bick’ring symphonies, like nerves of gold,
In the meer’s urn with tinkling, doric roar.

A fay-born, grotesque isle, from the lake's eyne,
Peeps like king-jewel in a carcanet,

Embossed with zimmes and shells of quaint design,
Whose tints have never blush’d in cabinet.

Eft gossamers elance from spray to spray,
And weave their lither woofs with subtile powers,
And prank them with the Iris-hues they bray
With gauzy plumes from ever-blooming flowers. -

Here tryst the gentle elves—somewhiles they chase
The clinquant lake-sprats in their mad-cap mirth;
Somewhiles make periapts that wont to grace
The necks of ruddy cherubs at their birth.
Edgefield Advertiser, February 25th, 1863:
THORNEY ISLE.

‘The sweet loneliness of Thorney Isle pleaseth me more
now.’’ ‘These words are ascribed to Edward III, the Monk-
King, Ly Sir E. Bulwer Lytton in his powerful romance of
“Harold, the last of the Saxon Kings.’’ ‘They were addressed
to William the Conqueror, as the royal twain rode side by side
to London. ;

I.

William, I love the Juillet Tower,
And yon palatial pile;

Yet, o’er me sways a sweeter power,
The ellinge Thorney Isle.

O Thorney Isle, O Thorney Isle,
The loneliness so sweet,

Of Thorney Isle, my Thorney Isle,
Pleaseth me more, I weet!
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 339

TI;

I love Westminster, my wonne
Shut out from snare and wile;

And a meet bye for royal mone,
Is lonely Thorney Isle,

O Thorney Isle, O Thorney Isle,

: The loneliness so sweet,

Of Thorney Isle, my Thorney Isle,

Pleaseth me more, I weet!

III.
Norman, I love the Palatine, |
Keep, where I bode erstwhile;
But dear to me in life’s decline,
Is ellinge Thorney Isle.
O Thorney Isle, O Thorney Isle,
The loneliness so sweet,
Ot Thorney Isle, my Thorney Isle,
Pleaseth me more, I weet!
IV.

Sweet Thorney Isle, to thee I fly
In these my days senile;

Have off this crown, O let me die
In lonely Thorney Isle!

O Thorney Isle, O Thorney Isle,
The loneliness so sweet,

Of Thorney Isle, my Thorney Isle,
Pleaseth me more, I weet!

Thorney Island was once the seat of Westminster.
W. H. A.

Joseph Abney was a graceful and fluent writer as well as an
eloquent speaker. He wrote much for the Advertiser, as he
always took a deep interest in the political movements of the
times. But he left nothing in the form of book or pamphlet,
that I now remember, except an address before Butler Lodge,
No. 57, A. F. M., on the Anniversary of St. John, the Bap-
tist, in 1854. Mr. Abney was an ardent and devoted Mason,
and in this address he traces the history of the order and
shows how strong the tie of brotherhood is amongst all nations
and people who have become members of the fraternity. There
are some eloquent passages in the address, and if the incidents
related are true, and I have no reason to doubt them, Free
Masonry is truly a noble order. Like other good things, it is
abused sometimes.
340 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

Giles Chapman, who was killed at the battle of Buena Vista,
soon after the close of his school days wrote and had printed
at the office of the Advertiser a poem of three or four hundred
lines, descriptive of a trip to the then new country of Texas.
It was written before the Texan War of Independence. The
poem was inscribed to Charles K. Johnson, for whom the
author had great admiration and reverence as a teacher and as
aman. Mr. Johnson was then editing and publishing the
‘‘Native American’’ at New Orleans. I transcribe a few lines
from the poem:

‘“‘O, what a beauteous landscape! Every hill—
And rising cliff is clothed in evergreen;
And many a rivulet and gushing rill
Ripples along their verdant sides between.
The plain, arrayed in garb of glorious sheen,
Arrests by turns the traveller’s ardent gaze;
The wild-deer adds fresh beauty to the scene,
That bounds from cliff to cliff, or on the hillside plays.

‘But sadness will at times invade the mind,
And there are none who can resist the spell;
Pleasure is not to flowery meads confined,
But oftener haunts the hermit’s lonely cell.
And so it was with him, ’tis strange to tell,
No more this land of beauty charmed his eyes,
Which seemed too bright for men on it to dwell;
Its beauty seemed to him as borrowed from the skies.”

Thomas I. McKie, M. D., of Woodlawn, is a graceful and
pleasant writer, and has given to me great assistance in the
preparation of this book. His ‘‘Medical Biographies,’’ which
was printed and published in pamphlet form several years
ago, the reader will find incorporated in this book. : Dr. McKie
was Surgeon in the Tenth Regiment, Gist’s Brigade.

The following lines by the author of this book were written
and published in the Edgefield Advertiser soon after the de-
cease.of the great man whose death they were intended to
commeniorate:

CALHOUN.

His voice is heard no more,
Earth’s greatest son is gone;

O, weep, fair Carolina, weep!
But gird thy armor on.
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 341

Ah, who shall fill his place?
What mighty man have we,

Whose voice shall, like a trumpet peal,
Make every pulse beat free?

Wail, Carolina, wail;
Put dust upon thy head; —

Thou mournest now thy noblest son,
The mightiest of the dead.

But in thy deepest woe,
Beside his lonely tomb;

When wears the future time for thee
A face of fearful gloom.

Swear that his words shall be
Deep in thy memory set!

Swear in thy grief that thou wilt not
His lessons e’er forget.

Swear with thy hand upraised,
And by his name of might;

That thou wilt still, through weal or woe,
For aye defend the right.

The same writer has also published two small volumes of
verse, ‘‘The Walk and other Poems,’’ and ‘‘Within the Vail,’’
also a ‘‘History of South Carolina for use in the common
schools.’? This was adopted in 1893 by the State Board of
Education. He has also published Part Second of the Annals
of Newberry and this History of Edgefield.

W. C. Moragne was a man of fine education and remarkable
for his good literary taste and ability. He made, during his
life, several occasional addresses, which were well worthy- of
preservation, but he did not devote himself to literature as a
calling. He was a lawyer, and at the Bar as a practitioner
of law he was eminently successful. A sketch of his career is
found elsewhere in this book.

There may be others or may have been other workers in the
literary field, of whom I.-know nothing. ‘There may be some
now in other States, natives of Edgefield or descendants of
natives, whose names I would be glad to record here. Edge-
field has produced too few who have devoted themselves to
letters, and who have been faithful followers of the muses.
342 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

NEWSPAPERS.

The newspapers of the county have always held a good
position as papers, pure and hightoned. The Advertiser was
the first, and stood alone for many years, published by the
elder Mr. W. F. Durisoe as editor and proprietor. Then there
was a paper published in Hamburg for some years, the title of
which I do not remember, though it seems to me it was the
Hamburg Journal by Mr. Yarborough as editor. Now
there are three weekly papers in the county, two at the
Court House—Advertiser and Chronicle, and one, the
Monitor, at Johnston. They are all Democratic, though they
differ somewhat in their views as to the true policy of the
Democratic party. This is but natural and right, so they
agree to live, and do live in peace and good fellowship.

Edgefield Advertiser, May 20th, 1869:

LADIES’ LIBRARY SOCIETY.

 

In pursuance of a previous notice, the ladies of Edgefield
village and vicinity met on the 17th inst., to organize a
Library Society.

On motion of Mrs. Dr. Hill, Mrs. Joseph Abney was called
to the Chair, and Mrs. Robert A. Lynch appointed Secretary.

A constitution having been prepared, it was adopted, and
the following officers elected, viz.: Mrs. Jos. Abney, President;
Mrs. Dr. Hill, Vice-President, and Mrs. Robert A. Lynch,
Secretary and Treasurer.
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. "343

XXXI.
MEDICAL BIOGRAPHIES.

BY THOS. J. MCKIE, M. D., EDGEFIELD, §S. C.

“The wind blows out, the bubble dies;
The spring entomb’d in autumn lies;
The dew dries up, the star is shot;

The flight is past, and man forgot.”

The laborious and well nigh impossible task assigned me, by
this Association at its last meeting, in Aiken, two years ago,
of collecting and recording biographical sketches of the medi-
cal profession in Edgefield, having been partially and very
imperfectly performed, I beg to submit the following brief and
barely more than traditional sketches, as a part of that duty,
so imperfectly performed. The difficulties which surround
this undertaking can only be appreciated by those who have
engaged in a similar work, and from such, at least, I hope for
the mildest criticism.

As geographers crowd into the edges of their maps parts of
the world which they do not know about, adding notes in the
margin to the effect that beyond this lies nothing but sandy
deserts, Scythian ice or a frozen sea, so would this work be,
were more to be said of the few whose names and lives I have
attempted to record.

Well may it be said:

“Life’s but a walking shadow, a poor player,

That struts and frets his hour upon the stage,
And then is heard no more.”’

Although the doctor’s life is most intimately fraught with
that of the human family, from the moment of birth to the
hour of death, the first to welcome the new creature into life,
and the last to minister to his dying wants, yet he retains not
a memory,

“And oft the throng denies its charity.’’

This much having been said, apologetically, of Edgefield’s
meagre medical record, the sketches are respectfully sub-
mitted:
344 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

DR. W. BRAZIER.

Dr. William Brazier, though a native of England, died in
Aiken, then a part of Edgefield, in July, 1843, and may be
claimed as an Edgefield practitioner, though much of his
life was spent elsewhere. Dr. Maximilian Laborde has left us,
in an obituary notice, all we know of this rather remarkable
character. Born in London about A. D. 1740, (being some-
thing like one hundred years old when he died) of highly re-
spectable parentage, one of his cousins, Captain Lambert, of
the British Navy, fell at the capture of the Java by the Con-
stitution; another, General Lainbert, was in command of the
British reserve at the battle of New Orleans; he obtained favor
of the British Government, and secured a collectorship at the
port of St. Christopher, in the West Indies. Here he turned
missionary to the negroes, preaching the doctrine of John
Wesley.

About 1791 he was invited to Charleston by a Society of
Primitive Wesleyan Methodists, to take charge of their con-
gregation. Here he determined upon the study of medicine,
and repaired to Philadelphia for that purpose, a year or two
after. Receiving an invitation from Dr. Rush, who discov-
ered sare talent in the student, to go into his office, he prose-
cuted his studies so successfully as to obtain a license to prac-
tice among the inmates of the Philadelphia Almshouse, for six
months of the year 1795. He then returned South and prac-
ticed medicine at and near Augusta, Ga., and in Edgefield un-
til 1803, when he was again called to Charleston, to take
charge of the church, by which he had been invited in 1791.
Nine months after he abandoned the pulpit and removed to
Columbia, where he practiced medicine a short time; thence he
returned to the neighborhood of Edgefield Court House, where
he practiced his profession until about 1827. Five or six years
were then spent in the valley of the Mississippi.

Asa physician, Dr. Brazier stood well with the profession
of his day. Between the Shakers, to whom he:was at one
time strongly attached, Methodists and Baptists, his theolog-
ical ideas were not always clearly understood, and it is believed
he died in the faith of Baron Swedenborg. His intellect was
of a high order, but for want of cultivation and discipline,
which insure logical precision and perspicuity, and owing toan
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 345

ardor of temperament which rendered him impatient of contra-
diction, he was not successful He was an inveterate talker
and a bold listener, so much so that he has been known to talk
his friend into a sound sleep, and then arouse him by a verbal
chastisement for his inattention or want of capacity to under-
stand him.

DR. ELBERT BLAND

Was born near Edgefield, S. C., on the 29th of April, 1823.
Born and reared in affluence, and having a father ambitious for
his son, his educational advantages were of the best.

Nature gifted him witha clear and vigorous intellect, to-
gether with an almost unparalleled native energy, and vigor-
ous application capable of rapid and lasting acquirements.
His was a strong, manly, and forcible character, well calcu-
lated to carve its way through the deadliest opposition. Hav-
ing selected medicine for his profession, he properly under-
stood the high requirements of the vocation. He entered the
medical department of the University of New York, and re-
mained there during the sessions of 1843 and ’44.

In March, 1844, he graduated with honorable distinction.
Being ardent and ambitious in his profession, he was not satis-
fied with merely entering upon the threshold of science, but
was desirous of penetrating into the inmost recesses of its mys-
teries. He consequently returned to the city of New York,
and spent the greater part of the year 1845 and 1846 attending
the hospitals, and still deriving knowledge from the learned
men of the faculty, among whom he had warm and lasting
friends. His knowledge of the philosophy of medicine was
deep and accurate.

In the captivating and instructive branches of physiology
and anatomy he was exceedingly well versed. But it was in
the specialty of surgery that he rested his hopes for future
eminence. He was singularly fitted by his temperament for
this dignified and important branch of his profession, and it
only needed a longer life to have placed him in the front rank
of American surgeons. On the breaking out.of the Mexican
war he applied for and received the appointment of Assistant
Surgeon of the historic Palmetto Regiment, and with them
proceeded to the distant field of action. He passed through
the arduous Mexican campaign with honor and practical im-
346 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

provement to himself, with sterling usefulness to his fellow-
soldiers, and with the highest intimacy and applause of his
commander, the heroic and knightly Colonel P. M. Butler.
He returned to Edgefield at the close of the war, in 1848, and
resumed the practice of medicine. He was married to Miss
Rebecca Griffin, daughter of Honorable Nathan L. Griffin,
also of Edgefield, in March, 1854, and from that time until the
breaking out of the late war, lived there asa popular, scien-
tific, reliable, fearless, and sympathetic physician. Though
actively engaged in arduous professional duties, yet he never
ceased to be more or less a student, but with the application of
true mental devotion, made himself one of the best informed
men of his day.

Unpretentious and unpedantic, he was yet a better scholar
than many around hiin distinguished for high literary and
political position. The dark clouds of dissension gathered and
the call of an invaded country disturbed the study of scientific
pursuits, and with unexampled devotion and patriotism, he
exchanged the scalpel for the sword and placed his services
and his life upon the altar of his country.

On the 6th of January, 1861, he was commissioned’ Surgeon
of the First Regiment, South Carolina Volunteers, commanded
by Colonel Maxey Gregg. and stationed on Morris Island. In
this capacity he served but two months, and fired with pa-
triotic ardor and love of martial glory, he resigned this posi-
tion, determined to seek more active service. He returned
home and in March, 1861, was made Captain of the Ninety-
six Rifles, one of the best organized, drilled, and equipped
companies of the war. This company formed the right, and
rifle company of the Seventh Regiment, South Carolina Volun-
teers. During the first year of the war he led this company
through all the marchings and countermarchings of the Army
of the Potomac. At Fairfax, at Bull Run, at Manassas, Fall’s
Church, Munson’s Hill, on the retreat to the Peninsula, at
Yorktown, and at Williamsburg. In April, 1862, the Seventh
Regiment was reorganized and Captain Bland was elected
Lieutenant Colonel, and, with the exception of four months,
he was in active command of the regiment. In the battles
around Richmond, at Savage Station, he received a severe
wound in the right arm, from which he never recovered—only
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 347

a few weeks before his death, a tumor proceeding from this
wound, caused him intense suffering. At Fredericksburg, in
the terrible battle of December, 1862, he led the Seventh Reg-
iment. In this battle he narrowly escaped death, and was
only saved by a spy-glass in his left breast pocket—the cylin-
der of which was torn and the glass shivered by a minnie ball.
At Chancellorsville in May, 1863, he led the regiment. At
Gettysburg he led the right wins. In all these battles he was
slightly wounded. After his return from Pennsylvania, his
health was so shattered. and his wounded arm so troublesome,
he determined, very reluctantly, to returm home to his profes-
sion. The regittient was ordered South, and clamored so
loudly for him to lead them that he consented, and on the
fatal 20th September, 1863, he marched to the ‘‘River of
Death,’’ and fell on the bloody field of Chickamauga—shot
through the left lung.

He lived three-quarters of an hour, and died in the arms of
his devoted Sergeant, Stallworth, and calmly and bravely as
became his life, entrusted messages of love and farewell to
wife and children.

DR. WILLIAM BUTLER.

Of the distinguished sons of Edgefield who have adorned the
medical profession, besides being a rich heritage to the district,
State, and county, none are more worthy of record than Dr.
William Butler, Jr., who was born in 1792, at Big Creek, near
the spot where Butler Church now (1889) stands.

When quite a young man, handsome, tall, (six feet) erect,
and graceful, he appears in connection with the medical staff
at the battle of New Orleans. From the Navy Department,
Bureau of Medicine and Surgery, we obtain the following
record of naval service of Dr. William Butler, Jr :

Surgeon’s Mate, (equivalent of Assistant Surgeon now)
commission dated roth December, 1814, and handed to him at
this Department on the 2nd June, 1815, with an order to
report himself to Dr. Cuthbush for duty in the hospital at
Washington.

Accepted 2nd June, 1815.

May rath, 1816, report to Commodore Tingy for duty on
board schooner ‘‘Non-such.’’
348 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

November 7th, 1817, report to Captain Sinclair for duty on
board ‘‘Congress,’’ (Norfolk. )

November 25th, 1817, granted furlough, six months.

January 28th, 1818, report to Commodore H. G. Campbell,
commanding officer, Charleston, S. C., for duty on Black-
beard’s Island, under the immediate command of Lieutenant
Thomas Newells.

January goth, 1819, proceed to New York, by water, and
report to the commanding naval officer for duty on that
station.

June 6th, 1820, resignation accepted.

About this time Dr. Butler was married at Newport, Rhode
Island, to Miss Jane Tweedy Perry, daughter of Captain
Perry, United States Navy, and sister of the two Commodore
Perrys, and seems not to have practiced his profession to any
extent afterwards. He settled on his plantation adjoining
Saluda Old Town plantation, and devoted himself to agricul-
tural pursuits.

In 1824 he exchanged his plantation for a large body of land
in Greenville District, and built on Butler’s Hill, near to
Lowndes’ Hill, four miles from Greenville Court House, where
he resided until 1849, when he removed to Arkansas. When
Waddy Thompson, his brother-in-law, was appointed Minister
to Mexico, Dr. Butler represented the Greenville Congressional
District in Congress for the unexpired term. He is repre-
sented as being rather stern in manner, at times approaching
austerity, distinguished for elevation and integrity of charac-
ter, with a rigid sense of right, from which nothing could
divert or swerve him.

His stay in Arkansas was a brief one. Attacked by gastric
disease, he died at Fort Gibson on the 26th of September,
1850, and is buried near Van Buren, Ark.

DR. A.-W. BURT.

Dr. Augustus W. Burt at one time enjoyed a large and
lucrative practice in the lower Horn’s Creek portion of Edge-
field, occupying quite an extensive field, often requiring two
or more days to make a round of visits. Fevers, mostly of a
malarial type, were the prevailing diseases at these busy
seasons, and though in the earlier days of quinine in full or
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 349

even moderate doses, he hada fair degree of success. It is
remembered of him that his library was exceedingly small,
and his stock of medicine, which every county practitioner
was compelled to keep and dispense, was very limited. Mer-
cury, followed by jalap, &c., was the then prevailing fashion
of treating fevers. Sulphuric ether was with him a favorite
remedy in what he called red tongue fever, a remittent, with
excessive gastric irritability.

His death was a tragic one. Perhapsin 1841 or 1842, he
was called upon to treat a negro man whose brains had been
knocked out with the eye of a weeding hoe, in the hands of
another negro on the same plantation. A difficulty arose be-
tween them while working in the field together, and the hoe
was put to the unlawful use of crushing in the frontal bone,
and displacing a considerable quantity of cerebral matter, some
of which remained upon the hoe. Shortly after the recovery
of this case in the hands of Dr. Burt, both negroes were sold
in consequence of the death of. the owner, when the Doctor
became the purchaser of the assailant. After the close of the
sale the Doctor laughingly remarked upon the cheapness of his
purchase, the negro having given him a good paying case in
thus wounding his fellow servant.

Two years after the purchase, early in 1847, when the Doc-
tor attempted to administer some slight punishment to the
negro, while holding a club-axe in his hand, he turned on his
owner, and with the axe, treated him as he had before
done the negro with the hoe, except that immediate death was
the result, the blows being repeated until life was extinct.

Dr. Burt was a tall, commanding figure, with fine face,
winning manner and pleasing address. He was popular, and
enjoyed the confidence and esteem of a large clientage. He
was also a lover of all field sports, in which he freely indulged
when the time and opportunity favored, but worked with such
assiduous industry as to accumulate quite a competency. His
death was a great shock to the entire community, and was
deeply regretted by all.

DR. WALL BURT.

Two brothers, both Edgefield practitioners, survived Dr.
A. W. Burt. The younger, Dr. William M. Burt, enjoyed a
350 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

fair practice for several years at Edgefieid Court House, where
he was well spoken of. But, like many others of Edgefield’s
sons, thought best to seek fortune in the West, and removed
about a quarter of a century ago, to Shreveport, La., where
he practiced till not many years since when he died.

DR. H. BURT.

Dr. Harwood Burt, the eldest of the three, was also the
most talented. He was a fine conversationalist, a most popu-
lar and successful practitioner, a good speaker, and with all, a
metaphysician of no mean order. It is said of him that on
one occasion when worsted in an argument by a learned gentle-
man who opposed him he turned to him and said: ‘‘Sir, you
remind me of a piney-woods pond—all over creation and ankle
deep no where.’’ He stood at the head of the profession in
Edgefield and was considered a safe and wise counsellor in all
matters pertaining to medicine.

Being a genius, he was.also erratic. At times a religious
enthusiast, at others an eloquent lecturer on temperance, and
at last an industrious and most successful farmer, making an
impress of his versatile mind upon agriculture, which re-
dounded to the benefit of his entire section, whose capabilities
as an agricultural territory had never before reached such a
high state of productiveness as was developed under his skill-
ful hands.

His death was a great loss to his ueighborhood, county and
State, which he alike adored. He died at his home near
Trenton.

DR. M. W. ABNEY.

Dr. Mathew W. Abney was born in the Saluda section of
Edgefield in 1814. He was descended from an honored Saluda
family, who claim descent from an old English family, mem-
bers of which still hold honored: places in the mother country.
Dr. Abney’s parents both died when he was young. From
early youth, however, he was:brave and self-reliant; and in
the country schools of his native section, he acquired a fair
education. Before reaching manhood’s estate he volunteered
for the Seminole War under Colonel David Denny, also of the
Saluda section. In this campaign his health became impaired.
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 351

He travelled in Kentucky and Ohio for the benefits offered by
the lime water of those States. While in Cincinnati he be-
came a student of Dr. Curtis, an eminent physician of his day.

Returning home, he continued his medical studies with Dr.
John Ready, a prominent physician of the eastern side of
Edgefield. He graduated from the South Carolina Medical
College in 1838, his thesis having received complimentary
notice.

Beginning practice in the Pleasant Lane section of Edgefield
he obtained some distinction the following year by his suc-
cessful management of his cases in an epidemic of typhoid
fever which prevailed in his neighborhood.

In 1840 he married Miss Caroline Blocker, a lady whose
every quality conspired to bless and brighten the Doctor’s
whole life—the last thirty years of which was spent in active
practice at Edgefield Court House interrupted only by his
service as a medical officer in the army of the Confederate
States.

This noble gentleman of the old school died at his home in
Edgefield village after a lingering and painful illness. Four
years before his death he was stricken with paralysis and
remained an invalid—the trials of which he bore with such
fortitude and courage as to display in an exemplary way his
Christian character. For almost half a century, Dr. Abney
pursued his work of duty and devotion to his profession and
patrons with singular and steadfast earnestness, and died in
his seventy-second year.

The following additional tribute to the memory of Dr. M.
W. Abney is from the pen and heart of James T. Bacon, Esq.,
editor of the Edgefield Chronicle:

“This noble gentleman of the old-school, of high and hon-
orable Saluda lineage, died at his home in our town on Friday
morning, the 20th inst. Four years ago he was stricken with
paralysis, since which time he was a helpless, though a cheer-
ful. invalid, strong in intelectual keenness and Christian
fortitude. And never did mortal man through long. years of
suffering receive such sublime exemplification of woman’s love
and truth, and faith, and work, as did our revered and de-
parted townsman.

‘His sons gave their lives long ago for the Southern cause,
352 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

but his noble wife and daughters will ever wear the crown of
duty fulfilled with heavenly completeness. For half a century
Dr. Abney was an acknowledged leader in his great humani-
tarian profession of medicine; a shining light in the scientific
world beloved of all, and that grandest of all characters, a
genuine Christian.

‘‘We gazed upon his face in death and the clean years of
duty showed their impress upon the peaceful countenance,
chiseled by thought and tinted with the sweet glow of peren-
nial benevolence. ,

“Dr. Abney was in the seventy-second year of his age. His
busy brain rests now from all its toil and pain.”’

To this brief biographical sketch of Dr. Abney I do not
think it improper to add that at his wedding supper, to which
I was an invited guest—he married Miss Caroline Blocker—
it was my good fortune to eat off the table cioth, or part of
the table cloth that had been used at the entertainment given
to Marquis de LaFayette on his visit to Charleston during
the administration of Governor Manning.

Mrs. Abney’s grandfather was one of the committee whose
duty it was to entertain LaFayette on that occasion, and after
the feast, as the cloth was very large, the committee divided
it among them, and Mrs. Abney’s mother used the piece which
had come to her at her daughter’s wedding feast.

DR. E. J. MIMS.

*Dr. Edward J. Mims, the second son of M. Mims, Esq.,
one of the oldest settlers of Edgefield village, practiced there
almost to the time of his death. He also carried on the first
drug store in Edgefield, in partnership with Dr. M. LaBorde.
After many years he retired to his plantation, eight miles off,
which has since beconie the site of the flourishing town of
Johnston on the Charlotte, Columbia and Augusta Road. He
was well educated, kind-hearted, liberal in his views, and a
safe and successful practitioner.

DR. J. O. NICHOLSON.

*Dr. John O. Nicholson was the oldest son of Shemuel Nich-
olson, and located at one time in the village of Edgefield, but

 

*From the Edgefiled Advertiser.
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 353

nearly all of his life at the place of his nativity, several miles
above, where he practiced with satisfaction to his patrons. In
manner he was gentle and dignified. He improved his mind
not only in the science of his chosen profession, but in general
literature as well. Politics also commanded his attention, he
having been chosen a Representative in the State Legislature.
He was also a successful farmer, and possessing an able second
in the person of his amiable wife, he accumulated a
fortune, as fortunes were in those days. He was liberal and
kind to the poor. He died comparatively a young man.

DR. JOHN LAKE.

This truly good and able man, Dr. John Lake, was no less a
philanthropist than a physician—phvsician in its broad and
true sense. Whenever appealed to he rarely, if ever, said no.
And in his special branch, that of obstetrics, he perhaps had
no equal in Edgefield County. It is currently said of him
that when the first to be called in he never lost a mother in
child-birth. He was a firm believer in the necessity of prompt
removal of the placenta without the usual waiting taught by
the books.

To arrive at any degree of prominence in any special branch
of medicine or surgery is rarely to be hoped for by a country
practitioner. The duties which devolve upon him are so
varied, the amount of physical labor to be performed is so
arduous, and the time necessarily consumed in going from
house to house, often at long distances from each other, is so
great as to preclude the possibility of any specialty without
some genius or special adaptation of the individual.

Such fitness Dr. Lake seemed to have possessed.

Though reared in Edgefield he was born in Newberry Dis-
trict, April 28th, 1809, and was educated at Cokesbury, in
Abbeville. His father removed to Edgefield when the son was
about twelve years of age, and soon afterwards both parents
died, leaving the son with three other brothers to carve their
way in life.

At the age of twenty-one or two Dr. L. graduated from the
University of Pennsylvania, and began the practice of medi-
cine soon after. ‘Iwo or three years later he was married to
Miss Sophia A. Blocker, who was well known in Edgefield as
354 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

a lady of culture by her frequent contributions to the current
literature of her day.

Besides doing a good practice and having a general super-
vision of his farm upon which he lived, Dr. L. found time to
engage in political matters, and represented his district in the
State Legislature, having been chosen to that office in 1848 (or
thereabout) by a very complimentary vote of 2,300 out of a pos-
sible 2,700.

Dr. lL. was also active and prominent in his County Medical
Society, which lived and flourished most under his able admin-
istration as president, which office he filled so ably and accept-
ably to the members, that the office was thrust upon him
against his earnest protest. When well advanced in years,
and strickei with the infirmities of age, it is remembered that,
in one of his annual addresses before the Society, perhaps the
last he ever made, with much feeling and effect he referred to
the story of the seven men who agreed among themselves to
meet on a given day in each succeeding year, and dine to-
gether until the last man was left. He said that, ‘when I
look around me for the associates of my earlier life their seats
are allempty. I alone am left to greet you, the rising genera-
tion of representatives of Edgefield medicine. I bid you God
speed, and I entreat you to foster and perpetuate your Society
for your cwn benefit, for the advancement of your profession
and for the good of society.’’

At one time in its earlier days, Dr. L. was vice-president of
this Association. In early life he connected himself with the
Baptist denomination, and on January 17th, 1884, in the 75th
year of his age, Dr. Lake died as he had lived, a pure and up-
nght man.

DR. W. W. GEIGER.

Dr. William W. Geiger, whose place of nativity is on the
Saluda side of Edgefield, came to Cherokee Pond, about eight
miles from Hamburg, and began the practice of medicine in
1837 or 1838. He was a graduate of a Kentucky school, Lex-
ington, perhaps, which was a popular resort for students from
this section at that time. He enjoyed the confidence and es-
teem of his community, both as a man and asa physician,
doing at one time quite a large and extensive practice., He
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 385)

continued in this field for twelve or fourteen years, and after-
wards abandoned the practice for the less laborious business of
a commission merchant in the then thriving town of Hamburg,
Dr. G. was twice married, and after the second niarriage he
gave up his business in Hamburg and moved with his family
to Florida, where he has since died.

DR. N. MERIWETHER.

Dr. Nicholas Meriwether, another worthy practitioner of
Edgefield County, was born August 8th, 1821, near Clark’s
Hill, a station on the Western Carolina Railway, where he also
lived and pursued his work until his health failed,

Like most country doctors, he pursued the double vocation
of physician and farmer. The latter was almost a necessity,
he having inherited quite a landed estate and a numerous
body of slaves; for none of his school, similarly situated, would
willingly part with their slaves, who had been handed down
from generations past, however unprofitable they might be, be-
ing looked upon as part and parcel of the family household,
Having acquired a liberal education, he took up the study of
medicine, and graduated at the Georgia Medical College, at
Augusta, in 1843. After afew years’ practice he abandoned
it, and gave most of his time to planting. Like many other
Carolinians, at the beginning of hostilities between the States,
he took his place in the ranks (Seventh South Carolina Volun-
teers) as high private, and served until failing health drove
him from the field. The close of the war found him brokeu
down in health, and his fortune swept away. Beginning life
anew, he found it necessary to resume practice, of which he
was never fond, though well versed in medical lore. He wasa
great reader, and possessed a powerful memory, retaining most
of what was found in books or practice. He was not success-
ful financially, and was once heard to say that any money-
making scheme, undertaken for that purpose, always turned
to dust in his hands. He wasa Baptist in faith, deeply reli-
gious, and scrupulously honest and upright in all the relations
of life. His religious duty was his first duty, from which
nothing was allowed to divert him. Asa neighbor and friend
he was faithful and true, as well as hospitable and kind. In
practice he somewhat prided himself on his successful manage-
ment of pneumonic fever, in which he had early resort to
356 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

lblisters. He also thought that the disease was in some way
vassociated with malaria; that is to say, any given case of pneu-
monia in the spring or winter, is apt to have been preceded by
fever in the summer or fall. This view, however, has not
been sustained by the experience of another physician in the
same locality.

This pious and upright physician, having suffered long and
‘painfully from gastric disease, passed peacefully away on the
18th day of November, 1878.

DR. A. G. TEAGUE.

Dr. Abner Griffin Teague was a native of Laurens District,
‘but practiced for a considerable length of time in that portion
of Edgefield known as the Dark Corner. He afterwards re-
amoved to Edgefield village, where he also engaged in practice,
besides doing a drug business in connection with Dr. T. Jeff.
‘Teague. Dr. T. was a good man, an able physician, and a
‘successful farmer. But, like many others, he grew weary of
-work, and sought rest on his farm, about three miles from the
‘village of Edgefield, where the evening of his life was passed.
He is, therefore, claimed as an Edgefield physician, having
spent his professional life in our midst. He died a few years
ago, honored and respected by friends and neighbors, who
looked upon him as a safe and wise counsellor and upright
man.

DR. T. H. PATTISON.

The subject of the following sketch, Dr. Thos. H. Pattison,
was born at Old Cambridge, in Edgefield County (then dis-
trict) in the year 1820. Left an orphan at an early age, he
was taken in charge by a maternal uncle, who educated and
brought him up to the mercantile business in the city of Au-
gusta, Ga., where he also studied medicine in the office of Dr.
L. D. Ford, who was, at that time, professor of the practice of
medicine in the Georgia Medical College, which is situated in
that city. In 1843, he graduated from that institution, and
immediately began the practice of medicine in the neighbor-
thood of Republican Church, in the Martintown section of
Edgefield County. Here, by his genial manner and strict at-
tention to duty, he soon acquired a fair practice, which he
-maintained throughout a long and useful career. As a prac-
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 357

titioner, he stood high with his patrons, who were his friends:
as well. Early in the war between the States, he entered the
ranks as a private, and served creditably until discharged, often,
acting as medical officer to his command, the Seventh South
Carolina Volunteers. As a practitioner and farmer, he was:
fairly successful. Frequent indulgence in his cups—(he wasa
Bacchanal, and at his own house in one of his bouts, he unfor-
tunately killed Dr. West, another practitioner and drinker )—
did not destroy the confidence of patients or friends, or prevent
his moderate success as a farmer. In 1845 he married the
daughter of Joseph Crafton, a substantial planter, living them
between Steven’s Creek and Savannah River—a section known.
as the ‘‘Forks.”

In the management of malarial fevers, which at certain sea-
sons were rife in his field, he thought mercury a necessity in
many cases, in order to prevent recurrence. In such as were
of a remittent type, with high fever and gastric irritability, he
relied greatly on dram doses of sulphuric ether, to allay the
fever and quiet the stomach—a practice he had borrowed front
a neighboring physician, Dr. A. W. Burt.

Not many years after the war had closed, by over-exertion
in some farm work, the Doctor brought on pulmonary hemor-
rhage, which was soon followed bya decline in his general
health, resulting in death in a few years. None realized more
clearly the danger of the situation, and no one ever met the
remorseless monster with more heroic courage.

He died March 6th, 1878, in the 58th year of his age.

DR. J. F. ADAMS.

Dr. James F. Adams, the subject of this sketch, was a native
of Edgefield County, and fairly exemplified the energy and in-
dustry of the people who adorned the age and country in which
he lived.

He wasborn about the year 1790, and began the practice of
medicine in his native district, at about the age of twenty-five
or thirty years. Of his educational qualifications preparatory
to the study of medicine, very little is known. His profes-
sional education was obtained at Philadelphia, to which place
he journeyed from his home on horseback, consuming almost
a month on the road, after having spent some time in the
355 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

office of Dr. Dent, an eminent practitioner in the city of Au-
gusta, Ga.

Being well equipped, Dr. A. was not long in acquiring an
extensive practice, which he maintained to quite the end of
his professional life. It is said that ten or twelve doctors oc-
cupy the territory at one time exclusively held by himself.
Like most country doctors, he was also engaged in planting,
to which he gave all of his attention during the latter years,
aud was quite as successful in this as he had been in medicine.

His forte was in the management of chronic cases, and
especially of ulcers. He was a strong believer in the efficacy
of calomel inthe treatment of malarial fevers, in which he
frequently induced ptyalism. Cinchona bark was used not
as a tonic after the sufferer had been properly (?) depleted
with mercurial purgatives, emetics, bleeding, etc. This was
before the introduction into general practice of the cinchona
alkaloids.

In the matter of dress, doctor A. acquired some distinction.
[In some way the remaining portion of this has been lost, and
the manuscript is also out of place. )

Edgefield Chronele, March Sth, 1893:

W. SCOTT SHEPPARD.

Died at his home on the 27th of January, 1893, Dr. W.
Scott Sheppard. He was born April 28th, 1848; baptized into
the Bethany Baptist Church by the Rev. John Trapp, 1866;
graduated as a physician March, 1869. He was in every
sphere of life the true Christian gentleman. In his religion the
Word of God was his rule of faith and practice, and while his
unusually bright mind was seen in every department of his
life’s work, in nothing was it more manifest than in attainment
in the knowledge of God's precious Word. His conscientious
sense of his obligations to that rule, caused his life to conform
more and more to its requirements, so that it may be truly
said ot him, his was the path of the just that shines moré and
more to the perfect day.

The Master selected him as one who should witness for him
under peculiar surroundings that would give no grounds to
question the honesty of his testimony.

Stricken with paralysis December 27th, 1876, which gradu-
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 359

ally grew worse until it terminated in total blindness in April,
1889, in his sense of the Christian privilege to take the prom-
ises of God to himself, he was cheerful through all his painful
sufferings, counting his afflictions light, however severe, in
this life, as working for him a far more exceeding and eternal
weight of glory. Nor did his severe afflictions abate his love
for and interest in his fellow man, which was ever manifest by
his anxiety for their welfare and sympathy for them in trials
and afflictions. He had truly a heart to weep with those that
weep and rejoice with those that rejoice, yet with perfect resig-
nation to the supreme love and wisdom of God.

As a physician, he was diligent, conscientious, and efficient,
having the most implicit confidence of his patients, to which he
attributed the blessings asked of God on all his prescriptions.
His sympathy with suffering humanity caused him to continue
to practice until afflicted with total blindness, and even then
his counsel was eagerly sought and cheerfully given.

In his own family, as a loving husband and father, his char-
acter and Christian light shone most brightly in his tender
love, safe counsel, and earnest prayers. As ason, he was de-
voted and affectionate; as neighbor and friend, true, kind, and
hospitable. As a member of the Mountain Creek Church, his
life was read and known with profit tochurch and community,
and especially will his life and memory be cherished by his
pastors, who ever had his prayers and co-operation.

He leaves to feel their irreparable loss, a devoted wife, and
seven children, with the dying counsel, ‘‘go to God for com-
fort and help, he will ever be true to you,’’.an aged mother,
three brothers, and a sister, and a large circle of relatives and
friends. Yet they sorrow not as those who have no hope,
knowing that the dear one has entered into that rest that re-
mains to the people of God. ; Jj. RB. M:

Edgefield Advertiser, January 13th, 1897:

DR. WILLIAM D. JENNINGS, SR.

Dr. William D. Jennings, Sr., died on Saturday last, the 9th
day of January, at the residence of his life-long friend and

kinsman, John R. Blackwell. On Monday his remains were
brought to our ‘town and laid to rest by the side of his wife

and oldest son. ‘‘Old Doctor Bill,’’ as generally called, was
360 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

-one of our ancient landmarks, as widely known in Edgefield
County, perhaps, as any man living or dead. For more than
seventy-seven years he has been going in and out among us,
and for only a short period of this long life was he absent from
his beloved old county and people. (Immediately after the
war he lived in Galveston, Texas, where he was a member of
the faculty of a medical college in that city.) Dr. Jennings
was noted above all things for his genial disposition; he
“Showed himself friendly’’ to all, and in affliction or distress
was unremitting in his ministrations. A kinder hearted man
or physician never lived, if we may judge by hisacts. And if
all in Edgefield County who have received kindnesses at his
hands would bring a wreath for his grave it would makea
monument higher than any other in our city of the dead.

DR. GEORGE M. YARBROUGH.

It would please me much to give an extended sketch of the
life of Dr. Yarbrough, but it is out of my power. I knew him
well for many years; at one time he was a near neighbor and
my family physician, but his life and mine at that time flowed
on in such a calm, uneventful way that there is nothing to re-
late, unless one had kept a diary, which this writer has never
done. Sometimes I regret that I have not.

For a good many years Dr. Yarbrough and myself, Dr. Wil-
liam Coleman, Joseph Griffith, Esq., and some others, occa-
sionally met for the purposes of debating any question that
might be chosen for the purpose. In other words, we formed
a debating society. We were not mere boys at this time, but
grown men, and thought ourselves competent to discuss al-
most any question. One peculiarity, or weakness it might be
called, I discovered in the Doctor’s character at that time. He
often said that it made no difference on which side of any
mooted question he might be chosen to speak, before the dis-
cussion was over, he had convinced himself, if; no one else,
that he was on the right side.

This is altogether natural. One who is pledged to maintain
a cause hunts up and gathers together all the evidence that he
can possibly find to sustain it, passing by and ignoring for the
time everything that militates against it. In this way it is
possible to make a very good argument in order to show that
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 361

black is white, and to make the worse appear the better rea-
son,

Dr. Yarbrough was one of the most intelligent, intellectual
men I ever knew. He was a good neighbor, a good physician,
good company, genial, and kind-hearted. He was born on
Big Creek, on the Saluda side of the county, not far from the
old Butler homestead, of which family, indeed, he was a con-
nection by blood. After the War of Secession he moved up
the country to the neighborhood of Walhalla, where he died
about the year 1881 or 1882.

Dr. Yarbrough was twice married. His first wife was the
daughter of Bennett Perry, Esq., of Perry’s Cross Roads. She
brought him one son, whom he named Burr, after his old pre-
ceptor in medicine, Dr. Burr Johnstone, of Newberry. His
second wife was a widow Coleman and a daughter of Mark
Black. She brought him one.daughter, Elizabeth, a most
lovely and amiable girl.

Dr. Beaufort T. Yarbrough was a brother of the foregoing,
and younger by several years. Although I was at schoo] with
him—as also with his brother George—for awhile, yet there
never was that same degree of intimate acquaintance and asso-
ciation as there was with the elder, though he was a man of
fine intelligence and amiable nature. He did not practice his
profession long in Edgefield, but went West. He returned
towards the close of his life in ill health and died on the :6th
of April, 1880, at the house of his sister, Mrs. Culbreath,
mother of James Y. Culbreath, Esq., in Edgefield County, and
near the place where he was born.

DR. WILLIAM COLEMAN.

Dr. Coleman was born 1oth of March, 1820, at Coleman’s
Cross Roads, Edgefield District, and was the son of Richard
Coleman and his wife, Lydia Carson. After graduating in
medicine he mafried Miss Elizabe#li “Payne, daughter of Mr.
David Payne, near Chappell’s Ferry on Saluda.

After some years he moved down into Bullock County
Georgia, where he farmed and practiced his profession. He
died there, leaving some family.
362 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

DR. CHARLES M. BURKHALTER IN LIFE AND IN DEATH.

DeaR CHRONICLE: Having been intimately associated
with Dr. C. M. Burkhalter for the last four or five years, I
feel that Iam better qualified, possibly, to write of his true
worth than anyone else except his immediate family, whose
modesty, as well as great grief, would prevent an expression
of the great loss they, as well as the entire community, have
sustained in the death of this pure and strong man. Most
men, in dealing largely with the public, where almost every-
body in the community owes them, will have enemies; yet the
concensus of opinion is that Dr. Burkhalter died without an
enenly.

John Ploughman says ‘‘that when a man owes you a debt,
he is more than apt to owe you a grudge, and he is more
willing to pay interest on the grudge than the debt.’’ This
saying of John Ploughman is true in most instances, but not
so in the case of Dr. Burkhalter, for everybody, at some time,
in the community, owed him, and still he died without an
enemy.

In analyzing his character, I find the explanation of his
phenomenal popularity-—his kindness of heart, his tenderness.
In these regards he was as gentle as awoman; and yet his
conscientiousness made him as “‘true as steel’’ and as ‘‘firm as
flint.’’

Dr. Burkhalter is gone, but he still lives in the hearts of
those who were so fortunate as to know him. ‘Truly he left
‘foot prints on the sands of time’’ that will be of inestimable
value to his children and neighbors, ‘‘foot prints’? of charac-
ter, of tenderness, of Christianity, of love, of energy. What
‘more can a man attain in this life? What more need he wish
to attain? What more priceless I-gucy can he leave to his
childret.? ‘‘Yea, he rests from his labors, and his works do
follow him.”’

Icould fill columns of your paper, Mr. Editor, giving
grateful reminiscenses of his life and character, exemplifying
his true worth; but to those who knew him, it would be super-
fluous.

Pope says: ‘‘An honest man is the noblest work of God?’;
and in these hard times; when men are tempted to take near
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 363

cuts, and defraud their fellow men, how true and appropriate
are these words of Pope’s!

Dr. Burkhalter was an honest man in its strictest and
broadest sense. His family have lost a true, tender and loving
husband, brother and parent. We offer them our sincerest
synipathies. D. A. J. B.

DR. GARRETT.

Among the worthies of Edgefield——Westside—perhaps none
stood higher, and none more worthily stood high, than Dr.
W. Henry Garrett, who died at Hepzibah, Georgia, in August
1892. From the days of the Revolutionary War, and, doubt-
less even previous to that time, the name has been an honora-
ble one in the county. His wife was Miss Ann McKie, a sister
of Dr. Robert McKie. She, with only one daughter and five
sons survives him. Only a few years before his death he had
removed from his old home in Collier Township to Georgia
for the purpose of educating his sons, Hepzibah affording
better facilities for that purpose than the township in which he
lived. He was buried at Hepzibah.

The following notice of Dr. Garrett and his death is copied
from the Augusta Chronicle:

“HEpZIBAH, Ga., August 25th.

“One of the saddest events that has occurred in the village
in a long time occurred this morning about 11 o’clock when
the Angel of Death entered the chamber of Dr. H. C. Garrett
and touched his eyelids into sleep. He was loved and admired
by all who knew him. His family was peculiarly blessed in
the light and joy dispensed by him in his happy household.
He was endowed with the attribute of a gifted intellect and
talents of a high order.

‘The Doctor had been sick some time with fever. It was
thought, however, he would rally from the attack and this
hope reigned from time to time until today when the eyelids
closed in death and his spirit went to its eternal reward and
heavenly rest.

“We can only commend the bereft wife, the sorrowing daugh-
ter and grief-stricken sons to Him that stood by the grave of
the one he loved and wept with the Bethany Sisters.”’

Is it not true as Young in his Night Thoughts writes?
364

HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

‘Death is the crown of life;
Were death denied, poor man would live in vain;
Were death denied, to live would not be life;
Were death denied, e’en fools would wish to die.
Death wounds to cure; we fall, we rise, we reign!
Spring from our fetters; fasten in the skies;
Where blooming Eden withers in our sight;
Death gives us more than was in Eden lost,
This king of terrors is the prince of peace.
When shall I die to vanity, pain, death?
When shall I die? When shall I live forever?’’
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 365

XXXII.
HISTORICAL HINTS OF EDGEFIELD.

The Rev. Dr. George Smith, of the North Georgia Confer-
ence, who preached so acceptably in Edgefield a month back,
has written the following pleasant letter to the Nashville
Christian Advocate:

From Greenville, by way of Augusta, I went to the historic
old Town of Edgefield. It is not as old by a hundred years as
Charleston, and has been known as Old Edgefield for a long
time. Beverly Allen preached in the court house here over a
hundred years ago. Lorenzo Dow preached in it near ninety
years ago, and years ago the Methodist societies were large
and strong. Then came decline, and great changes passed
over the country and the Church, and for years Edgefield has
barely held her place in the family of the Methodists. The
Baptists have been the ruling religious power, and are now
much the strongest. With the building of a new railroad the
village has taken on new life, and Brother Watson, the faith-
ful pastor, determined on a new church, and by hard work
has completed a very handsome brick church. In this beauti-
ful and attractive church I have just conducted a meeting,
which was, I hope, profitable.

In Edgefield lived and died ‘‘Ned Brace,’’ the ‘‘Native
Georgian,’’ of the ‘‘Georgia Scenes,’’ and his children, grand-
children, and great-grandchildren abide here still. His name
was Edmund Bacon, and he was descended from the old
Bacon stock of Bacon’s rebellion in Virginia. His venerable
daughter, Mrs. Wigfall, the widow of an Episcopal minister, a
lovely Christian woman, still lives here, and so does his grand-
son, Colonel James T. Bacon, a charming member of the old
noblesse. Among other members of our Church, I met Mrs.
General Evans, whose husband was a major-general in the
last war. Whena young man he was among the Indians, and
she showed me a red flag made with eagle feathers and red
flannel, which he captured from a Comanche Chief, and one of
the arrows from his quiver. General Evans became an earn-
est Methodist before he died.. Edgefield has been the home of
366 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

many governers and senators. General A. P. Butler lived
here, and Senator M. C. Butler still lives here. Preston
Brooks died here, and Governors Pickens, Bonham, and Shep-
pard, and divers and sundry of the great Carolinians have
lived here, and still do. It is a pleasant little city to visit, and
I much enjoyed iny stay.

THE COUNTY AND TOWN OF EDGEFIELD—DESCRIPTIVE.

Although settled some years over a century, the town of
Edgefield has never, until recently, improved to any great
extent. Though always noted for the culture and refinement
of its people it has only recently got into the gulf stream of
progress. It may be that the very culture and refinement of
its people acted as a bar to what, according to modern ideas,
is considered progress. The town now, however, slow as it
may have been in the past, is fully up in the march of prog-
ress with other parts of the State. It has two banks, about
twenty lawyers, halfa dozen medical doctors, about fifteen
stores, two able and well-edited weekly papers, the Advertiser
and Chronicle, a rock quarry, from which granite of the best
quality is taken, an oil mill, a few private schools, patronized
liberally by both town and country, stores and private dwell-
ings continually in course of erection—besides several churches.

Edgefield is connected with the outside world by railroad.
The R. and D. Railroad runs within seven miles of the town;
the C. and C. Railroad runs through a portion of the county,
and the special pet, Old Cumberland Gap, connects the town
directly with Charleston.

On the R. and D. Road, within the County of Edgefield,
are the towns of Graniteville, Trenton, Johnston, Ridge
Spring, also a part of Batesburg. On the Knoxville Road
are Clark’s Hill, Woodlawn, Modoc, Parksville, and Plum
Branch.

The climate is simply delicious, neither too cold nor too hot.
The soil is excellent and produces cotton in perfection, that is
the larger part of it. About two-thirds of the county is clay
land—oak and hickory—the balance heavily timbered with
the yellow pine; is sandy and lying well, produces heavy
cotton crops. This is the same land through which Washing-
ton passed in May, 1791, and mentioned in his Diary as poor
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 367

pine barrens of the worst sort. It was so different fromm his
own rich lands on the Potomac that he could not perceive the
wealth that lay hidden in the sandy soil requiring only the
industrious hand and arm of the laborer to bring it out to view.
Indeed it was:many years before the people settling there
knew and understood its real value.

The rock quarry near the town is daily shipping the best
quality of granite to Charleston. An extensive oil mill,
ginnery and fertilizer factory, with their large buiidings, are
all indicative of great life and activity.

The county is well watered, Big Saluda on the one side and
the Savannah on the other, with their tributary streams flow-
ing into them—Little Saluda River, Big Stevens’ Creek, Shaw’s
Creek, Turkey Creek, and others, give an abundance of
moisture which fertilizes the soil and sustains the growing
crops.

The town of Johnston in the County has two banks, four
churches anda fine graded school, and is a good .market for
produce of all kinds. Trenton and Ridge Spring are also good
market towns and have good schools, churches, and _ railroads,
and telegraphic communication with the outside world.

I do not know what the mineral wealth of Edgefield County
may be, other than the granite and the millstone on Cloud’s
Creek, and these are inexhaustible. Gold is found in a belt
of country running across the county from Saluda to the
Savannah River. It touches the Saluda near Higgins’ Ferry
and runs in a southwestly direction near Richardsonville,
crosses Mountain Creek above where Dr. John Lake used to
live on to Dorn’s Mine in the lower part of Abbeville and
crosses the Savannah River into Georgia. It was in this gold
belt that Mr. Calhoun’s rich mine near Dahlonega, Georgia,
was located. In places in the same belt traces of copper very
distinctly appear. I have found gold in the rock on the sur-
face simply by breaking them, in an old field once belonging
to Mr. William Attaway, afterwards to Mr. John Coleman,
afterwards to Edward Coleman, on the road not far from
Shiloh Methodist Church. About the year 1886 a piece was
picked up on the land of A. P. Coleman, two miles from Hig-
gins’—Kinard’s Ferry. The lump was worth about thirty
dollars. A small lump worth about two dollars was found in
368 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

the same neighborhood a great many years ago. Almost
anywhere in the belt of country mentioned from the Saluda to
the Savannah gold may be found by washing the sand and
gravel in the streams or hillsides near or by pounding and
washing the rock. Whether any paying working mines can
be found is another matter, but the gold is there in very fine
grains, and in occasional lumps worth as much as thirty dol-
lars each. I have seen two such. It appears most plentiful
on or in the neighborhood of Mountain Creek. In that region
also traces of copper show most distinctly.

It was the love of gold that lured De Soto from Florida and
finally led him to his death. Early in the spring of 1540 he,
with his devoted followers, set out from the head of Appa-
lachee Bay led by an Indian guide towards the gold regions of
North Carolina. They passed through middle Georgia, and
in April reached the head waters of the Ogeechee, passing still
North until they came to the head waters of the Savannah and
the Chattahoochee. Finding no gold, though undoubtedly
they must have passed through a gold region, they turned
southward and southwestwardly, passing through Alabama to
Mobile, where they destroyed an Indian village and killed
many natives. They then again turned North and Northwest.
Crossing the Mississippi at Chickasaw Bluff, in May, they
still continued their progress North, until about the last of
July, in the neighborhood of the Mississippi, we find them ata
place named Pacoha, the site of which is now unknown.
From Pacoha they went'on North and Northwest, until they
reached the highlands of White River, more than two hundred
miles from the Mississippi.

In all this time no goid was found. Finally from the heart
of the continent west of the Mississippi, they returned down
the Washita to that river. Worn out, De Soto died, and to
conceal his death, his body was wrapped in his cloak and in
the stillness of midnight was sunk in the middle of the stream.
The discoverer of the Mississippi slept beneath its waters. He
had crossed a large part of the continent in search of gold, and
found nothing so remarkable as his burial place. ‘These men
knew nothing of the geological indications of gold. They
were not miners. They were not men of science and searching
for gold as peaceful and peaceable explorers. They were
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 369

hunting for it as robbers, and as such they meant to take it
from those who had already amassed it, as Cortez and Pizarro
had done.

There is much gold in Edgefield, tut more near the surface
of the earth than in its bowels. At any rate, it will pay better
to dig it thence.

UNDER THE OAKS AT LANHAWM’S.

No excuse nor apology need be given for the insertion in
this history of this account of a day ‘‘Under the Oaks at Lan-
ham’s.’’ It is too well written and describes too vividly some
incidents at the battle of Franklin during the war between the
States, to be permitted to drop into oblivion as a mere news-
paper article. The day was the fourth of September, 1891:

LANHAM’S SPRING, EDGEFIED Co., September 4th.

Under the beautiful oaks and poplars that spread their pro-
tecting boughs over the bold spring which here gushes from
the earth to gladden the water drinkers of Edgefield County,
there was to-day a notable gathering. The occasion was the
inspection by Adjutaut General Farley of the Capers Light
Infantry, and a reunion of the survivors of Companies I and K
of Twenty-fourth South Carolina Volunteers, commanded by
General Ellison Capers. The Capers Light Infantry recently
organized and named in honor of General Capers, gave a picnic
to-day, and the Edgefield Hussars and the Edgefield Light
Dragoons were their guests. This a lovely spot, which has
been resorted to for many years for the annual picnics of the
Edgefield Hussars, and the spacious dancing pavilion owned
by that company was used to-day for sheltering a thousand
people who had come from every part of Edgefield, and even
from distant counties to attend the reunion. But for the
weather the attandance would have been doubled, but the rain
which had commenced to fall early in the morning continued
at intervals during the day, and kept the picnickers under
shelter until late in the afternoon.

The scene was a very attractive one. When the representa-
tive of the State reached the ground just before noon to-day,
there was standing room only under the pavilion. Edgefield
County boasts of some exceptionally handsome women, and a
hundred or two of them were present. Their fresh summer
370 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

costumes contrasted prettily with the bright uniforms of the
militia and the sober suits of their civilian escorts. Many
notables were here, General Capers, ruddy and genial;
General Butler, a magnificent looking soldier; Congressman
Tillman—Uncle George—as rugged as an oak, and witha
look of determination in his steel gray eyes that bodes no good
tor the purist of the penitentiary when he shall be called upon
to sustain the charge made at Greenwood that this ‘‘bushy-
headed Congressman had been bought up by the money
moguls.’’

Governor Tillman, wearing a natty black suit, standing col-
lar, and white tie, looked little like the ‘‘Farmer Ben’’ of a
year ago. He has lost the haunted look that he had during the
last campaign, and as he moved through the crowd he seemed
thoroughly well pleased with the world and with himself.

Editor Bacon, of the Edgefield Chronicle, tightly wedged in
between half a dozen girls, recalled Landseer’s ‘‘Monarch of
the Glen,’’ and was literally ‘‘another form gone to press.’’
He pulled the tails of his Prince Albert in out of the rain and
scanned the lowering clouds as though beyond them he would
seek the sanctuary.

When General Capers arrived within half a mile of Lan-
ham’s this morning he was met by the Capers Light Infantry
and marched with them to the pavilion under the tattered
battle flag of the Twenty-Fourth South Carolina, which, after
the war had been sewn together by Mrs. Capers, and was pre-
sented by her husband a year ago to the State through Gover-
nor Richardson. Secretary of State Tindal had loaned it to
the Infantry for this occasion.

About 11:30 o’clock General M. C. Butler eloquently intro-
duced General Capers. ;

General Butler said: ‘‘The pleasant duty devolves upon me
of introducing the orator of the day, General Ellison
Capers, a gentleman whose gallantry was known and admired
by all who were associated with him during that terrible con-
flict, the war between the States+-a man whose conduct,
whether on the march, in camp or on the battlefield, was an
inspiration to all who came within his influence—the man
whose splendid leadership these brave men followed through
the trying days of that terrible war—the gentleman, soldier,
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 37k

and Christian, who has always lived up in full measure to the=
duties of life, wherever they have devolved upon him. A bril--
liant soldier in battle he is equally a faithful follower of the-
cross. He has always done his duty to his country and his.
God, and I welcome him most cordially to the County of
Edgefield.’’ [|Applause. ]

General Capers addressed himself to the Capers Light In:
fantry; his old comrades and his old friends of Edgefield:
“There come,’’ said he, ‘‘occasions in a man’s life when he
finds it dificult to express the conflicting emotions of his mind.
This is such an occasion. Iam here in the presence of my
old comrades and friends, survivors of the gallant company of
my regiment. Here are their younger brothers and sons, and,
in one or two instances their grandchildren, formed into a
military company, with which they have done me the distin-
guished honor to associate my name. Here before me is a
generation who have grown up since the eventful scenes:
through which we have passed, my old comrades.

‘‘How to speak for the edification of all of you, how to give
utterance to the thoughts that throng my mind, is indeed a
problem.

‘‘As I marched today under that flag I thought of the noble
and heroic founder of the Twenty-Fourth Regiment, Colonel.
Clement H. Stevens, of Colonel Jesse Jones, Major Appleby,
Major Hammond, Major Hill, Adjutant Palmer and all the
gallant and heroic dead who have fought under its folds, and
by the sacrifice of their lives have built up its glory.

“No regiment had a grander record than the Twenty-Fourth
South Carolina. Up to September 1864 out of a total of 1,152
men who marched out under that flag 563 were killed, wound-
ed or captured, and 157 died of disease at home or in camp,
making a total of 720 casualties up to that time.’’

Speaking in this strain, General Capers said he thought he
could best serve the young men present by relating incidents
of their fathers and elder brothers, and selected those con-
nected with Hood’s Tennessee Campaign, and especially of
the battle of Franklin.

He described the desperate condition of his men, thirty of
whom were without shoes and seventy without blankets in the
bitter cold November of that clime when they crossed the
372 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

Tennessee River. He described graphically the battle of
Franklin, the advancing lines of Hood’s army, the lay of the
field and the position of the enemy, the gallant charge and the
capture of the flag of the Ninety-Seventh Ohio Volunteers by
Lieutenant James Tillman, commanding Company I, Anderson
Walls, Owen Carpenter, and the late J. Press Blackwell.

‘“‘General Gist rode up to me in the course of the battle and
called out excitedly—the only time I ever saw him excited on
a battlefield—‘Colonel I count on the 24th, today.’ I kissed
my hand to him as he rode away to his death. That he could
‘count on the 24th’ the result showed.

“In front of the enemy they had felled a locust thicket,
naking a magnificent abattis. Through those thorns the men
of the 24th gallantly plowed their way, falling like leaves in
the wind.

‘In the providence of God, I was shot down. I have always
believed that I owed my life to men of Edgefield, (a voice,
‘Here’s one of ’em’) who seized me by the arm and dragged
me up to a ditch, where I was protected from further fire.

“T did not see one man falter beneath that flag, nor one fail
in the discharge of his full duty.

‘While I was lying wounded Jim Tillman came to me and
said ‘put your hat on your sword and wave it, and your men
will go over the ditch.’ I replied that I was too weak from
the loss of blood to do even that. But Jim Tillman never
wanted inspiration to duty. Heled the men over and that
night gave me the flag of the Ninety-Seventh Ohio.

‘’The man who holds the tattered flag now before you—
Adam Carpenter—efended it gallantly in that battle, in the
absence of the gallant color bearer, Sergeant Hollis, of Com-
pany H. When Carpenter, having exhausted his ammunition
was hard pressed by one of the enemy, he picked upa rock
and brained his assailant.

‘‘Was there ever, in the history of a people meeting such
overwhelming defeat as came to Southern armies, such a scene
as is here presented? A meeting to commemorate memories
that were glorious, in spite of defeat, because the examples of
heroism and sacrifice were inspiring.”’ .

In conclusion, the speaker addressed himself to Captain
James H. Tillman and the new company, urging them to
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 373

emulate the noble deeds of their fathers and elder brothers,
and thanking them with much feeling for the honor of asso-
ciating his name with them and in inviting him to address
them today.

General Capers was listened to with great attention through-
out, but at times the downpour of rain was so heavy as to
almost drown his voice, and the hoarseness caused by speak-
ing against the rain, forced him to shorten his address.

At the conclusion of the address, the centre of the pavilion
was cleared and the band began to play. In an instant thirty
or forty couples were on the floor, and the dancing was kept
up all the afternoon. During the day the Edgefield Hussars,
the Edgefield Light Dragoons and the Capers Light Infantry
were inspected by General Farley.

The Hussars, thirty-six men, were officered by S. B. Mays,
Captain; R. S. Anderson, First Lieutenant; IL. A. Brunson,
Second Lieutenant; J. J. Holland, Third Lieutenant.

The Light Dragoons, thirty men, W. W. Butler, Captain;
J. R. Blocker, First Lieutenant; D. D. Brunson, Second Lieu-
tenant; J. R. Thompkins, Third Lieutenant.

The Capers Light Infantry. thirty-eight men, James H.
Tillman, Captain; B. T. Gardner, First Lieutenant; H. H.
Townes, Jr., Second Lieutenant; R. L. McKie, Third Lieu-
tenant.

The uniform of the new company is a very striking one,
bright red coats with light blue facings, and white pants.

This afternoon a meeting was held of survivors of compa-
nies I and H of the Twenty-Fourth South Carolina, at which
General Capers presided. A resolution was unanimously
passed recommending a reunion of the survivors of the entire
regiment at Columbia at some suitable time. Next August
was suggested. General Capers was requested to appoint a
committee with himself as Chairman, to be composed of one
man from eacli company in the regiment, with whom he should
correspond to make arrangements for the reunion.

The utmost good order prevailed during the day, and not-
withstanding the rain, the occasion was thoroughly enjoyed

by all who were present.
AMBROSE E. GONZALES.
374 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

PENN’S DRUG STORE.

In writing of the town of Edgefield and its business, I be-
lieve that I did not make that special mention of Penn’s
Drug Store that an old and honorable institution like that de-
serves. It is seldom, indeed, that any business in this
country where changes are yet so sudden and so rapid, con-
tinues for thirty or forty years in the same hands, descending
from father to son, as this has done. It started before the
war, and was then and for years known as the Drug Store of
G. L. Penn. For a long time, I know not how long, the bus-
iness was conducted by W. B. Penn, the son of G. L. Penn;
and now, in August, 1892, I find that the business is again
that of G. L. Penn, with the addition of son, making it G. L.
Penn & Son.

This is the way that aristocracies are built up. By the
transmission of certain noble and superior qualities from father
to son, and to son again, there comes a fixity of character and
nobility of heart and mind that makes the family a@vistos, the
best, for that is all the word means. The best for leadership
in war; the best for leadership in tae State, and in the councils
of the nation. The best scholar; the best teacher; the best
statesman, is the greatest aristocrat. And there may and
ought to be an aristocracy in business.

WATERS FAMILY.

Philemon B. Waters, sou of Philemon B. Waters, who was
one time Sheriff of Newherry County, mentioned in O’Neall’s
Annals, was born September ist, 1807. He received a good
‘English and classical education—was a lover of literature and
was an eloquent and gifted man. He married Martha Caro-
line Chappell, and soon thereafter moved to Prairie Bluff,
Wilcox County, Alabama. During the Seminole War in
Florida he served as Captain of the Wilcox Guards. He was
much beloved and popular, as is testified by his comrades and
neighbors. He died in early manhood, July 30th, 1840. His
remains were interred with Masonic honors at Prairie Bluff.

At his death he left surviving him, one daughter, and his
widow, who was then exceinte. The widow, with her family,
subsequently returned to Edgefield, S. C., where she after-
wards married Bennett Perry. She is yet living (1893,

 
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 375

February,) nearly eighty years old, near Bouknight’s Ferry,
in Edgefield County. The daughter, Sarah Gilliam, first
married Arthur Dozier, and after his death, John E. Perry.
She and Philemon B. Waters, the son born after his father’s
death, are living at Johnston, S.C. This son isa lawyer in
practice at Edgefield, and is also a member of the Legislature
from that county. He was also Captain of Company ‘‘K,’’
Second Regiment of Artillery, during the War of Secession.

PHILEMON WATERS, A SOLDIER IN WASHINGTON’S FIRST
BATTLE.

The New York Times, June 28th, 1891:

Not counting the Jumonville affair, which, nevertheless,
cuts quite a figure in French history and literature, the first
regular conflict delivered by Washington was the battle of
Fort Necessity, in the Great Meadows, now styled the Glades,
of the Alleghany Mountains.

A decument, yellow and stained with the accidents of a cen-
tury and more, has recently been found in Virginia, which
tells another story of the disappointments of the brave. It
proves that to be shot and ‘‘have your name spelt wrong in
the Gazette’ is but one of fame’s many mockeries. The sol-
dier whose plaint is here set forth long survived the fight, but
failed, as it appears, to secure his share of the reward of land
couferred by Virginia upon her soldiers. Led by the current
of emigration then settling southward, Philemon Waters be-
came a citizen of South Carolina.

Among the remote hills of Orangeburg, then practically
more distant than Oregon is now, he had learned of no limita-
tion of time for the presenting of his claim. Perhaps, think-
ing it a safe reserve in the way of legacy to his children, he
allowed this part of his presumed assets to slumber unrealized
for twenty years. Then was informed by a traveler from the
rallying ground of the small but famous expedition that his
right had probably lapsed, and that for its revival it behooved
him to be up and stirring. The steps he took are recorded in
three manuscript pages of foolscap, as given below.

The Colonel Hite (misspelled Hight) named in the manu-
script was a descendant of Jois Hite, one of the first settlers of
Virginia Valley, familiar in history for his legal contest with
376 HISTORY OF EDGRFIRLD.

Fairfex, which involved the title to 100,000 acres of land,
lasted just half a century—from 1736 to 1786—and ended in
Hite’s favor. The Colonel’s visit to South Carolina was
probably connected with the running off of some of the family
slaves by the Southern Indians in the French War. Hite
never recovered his negroes. Possibly their blood might be
traced in Tan-le-quah, or among the Cherokee remnant left
behind on the Georgia and Carolina uplands.

General Steven, who establishes Water’s claim to the first
shot, was a man of note in the lower valley. Among his de-
scendants are Virginians higuly distinguished in the councils of
the State and the Union.

Here is the manuscript:

CHARLESTOWN, S. C., 3rd June, 1772.

Hon’p Str: I am informed by several gentlemen from your
parts, and by Colonel Hight particularly, that there is two
hundred thousand acres of land laid out on the Ohio River for
those men that were in the engagement in the year 1754 with
Col. Washington and your honor at the Meadows.

I have therefore taken this opportunity to acquaint your
honor, that I am in the Land of the living and to beg you will
write me a letter by Col. Hight, or by the post, directed to the
post office in Charlestown, in which letter be pleased to inform
me whether it is worth my while to come and claim my
property in that survey on the Ohio, or whether there is any
objections against my receiving it as my dividend in the Land.
Your answer to this by Col. Hiyht or the post office will much
oblige.

Hond. Sir,
Your most obdt. huml. Servt.,
PHILEMUN WATERS.
To Col. Adam Stephen in Va.

 

Mr. Philemon Waters:

Str: I received your favor by Jacob Hite, and had no op-
portunity of answering before this.

Your are entitled to Six hundred acres of land by your be-
ing at the battle of the Meadows, and had it depended upon
| OF EDGEFIELD. 377

me you should have had a double share for firing the first gun
at the enemy that day, July 3rd, 1754.

That country is settled 100 miles below Fort Pitt, that is
163 miles below Girt’s plantation, and there isa great run to
it as ever was to Carolina. They could raise about 6000 fight-
ing men over the mountains. They whip the Indians when-
ever saucy.

It will be an excellent country ina short time, and some
spots of land sell at a pound per acre already. I will be glad
to hear of your welfare. Iam

Dr. Phil.
Your most huml. Serv't,
ADAM STEPHEN.
Berkeley County, Va., July 17, 1773.

 

I do hereby certify that the bearer, Mr. Philemon Waters,
was a Soldier at the battle of the Great Meadows in the year
1754, and that he'that day applied to me to receive his claim
to land under Mr. Dinwiddie’s proclamation of 1745. But as
the 200,000 granted by that proclamation hath been long since
surveyed, distributed, and patents issued in the names of those
who put in their names before Nov., 1773, it is not in my
power to give him any relief now.

Given under my hand this 20th day of April, 1775.

GEO. WASHINGTON.

 

VIRGINIA, PRINCE WILLIAM COUNTY,
Sat., 23 May, 1775.

This day came before me the Subscriber, one of his Majesty’s
Justices of the Peace for the said County, Philemon Waters,
Jr., of Orangeburg District, in the Colony of South Carolina,
and made oath on the holy Evangelists of Almighty God that
he being a soldier of the battle of the Great Meadows in the
year 1754, became entitled to a part of 200,000 acres of land
on the Ohio granted by the Hon. Gov. Dinwiddie’s proclama-
tion; and this deponent upon his oath had declared that, being
a resident of South Carolina, he never heard in any manner
whatsoever, until about the middle of April last, that any
time was limited for the claimants under the aforesaid procla-
378 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

mation to come in and make good their several claims to the

above lands, or he, the said deponent, should have used his

best endeavors to have entered his claim in due time.
HENRY PEYTON.

 

Whether a real Waters ever got his land there is no infor-
mation. He stands recorded, however, as the first to fire a
shot in Washington’s first battle—the beginning of the long
volley that rolled from the summit of the Alleghanies to
Quebec, Concord, the Brandywine, and Saratoga till it died
out on the beach at Yorktown, and that is some satisfaction
for his descendants.

[Kindly sent the author and compiler by P. B. Waters, Esq.,
of Johnston, S. C., great-grand-son of the hero above named. ]

CAPTAIN LEWIS JONES.

In the year 1892 Captain Lewis Jones, at the age of seventy-
seven, after a long illness died at his home in Edgefield. He
was the last of four brothers and of a family that has made
itself historic in the annals of the District and County of
Edgefield. He was Sheriff of the District four years from 1852
to 1856, and he was without a superior in the discharge of the
duties of that important office. After he was Sheriff he was
elected to the Legislature, and faithfully discharged the duties
of a Legislator. At the breaking out of the War of Secession
he raised a company of cavalry and joined the Sixth Regiment.

After the war he was for a number of years President of the
Atlantic and French Broad Railroad, and afterwards. of the
Carolina Cumberland Gap, and did as much as any one to give
Edgefield a railroad connection with the outside world.

In private life he was pure. In his dealings with others he
was honest, though he had a somewhat cold and stern ap-
pearance, yet it was appearance only. His friends loved him
and were bound to him as closely as friends can be to any one.
He sleeps in the family cemetery on the hill North of the
village and overlooking it.

ROBERT W. JENNINGS.

It is a great pleasure to the writer of this history to trace
the career of the descendants of the primitive settlers of Edge-
field and to find that it has been honorable to themselves and
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 379

to the land which their forefathers helped to reduce from the
condition of wild uncultivated forests to that of blooming
fruitful fields. Among the early settlers of E:lgefield there
were none more honorable and energetic and useful than the
Jenningses of Little Saluda. But Edgefield cannot keep all her
useful citizens. The same spirit that brought the men of
energy here, is still active in the descendants of those men and
moves them out and on to other fields of labor and. usefulness.
A grandson of Edgefield, son of R. W. Jennings, born in
Edgefield, and now proprietor of the Jennings Business College
of Nashville is rising to distinction, of which. he is: altogether
worthy, in the far off State of Washington on the Pacific
Ocean. Recently (1892) he was a candidate for the office of
Attorney-General in the District in which he resides, and
during the canvas, having been taunted by his opponent with
his Southern birth with the intent to excite prejudice against
him, he made this eloquent reply:

“Ves, sir, Iam from Tennessee, and every foot of her soil is
dear to my heart. I love her mountains and her dales. I love
her woodlands and her meadows, her rushing rivers and her
tippling brooks; I love every leaf upon the trees of her many
colored forests; I love every lark, and linnet, and thrush, and
golden-throated songster that pipes its morning lay to the
rising sun; I love all the daisies on her thousand hills; I love
her sunny skies and her starry heavens, and even here, 3,000
miles away, upon the Western Coast of America, on the shores
of Puget Sound, looking out across the broad Pacific to the
gateways of the day, I fancy, that sometimes upon my cheek,
I can feel the soft, warm breath of her perfect June days, and
I seein to be once more

Among the fields of yellow corn,

Where the bloom is on the rye.

“T love it all, and if you, sir, think I would deny my birth-
right to get this office, for once you mistake your man. I
would not do so for the office of Prosecuting Attorney for this
or any other county, though it were offered to me upon a
golden platter set with diamonds.”’

Mr. Jennings was elected. He bears the nante of his father,
who went from Edgefield, Robert W. Jennings.
380 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

A GRANDDAUGHTER OF EDGEFIELD DISTINGUISHED IN
PARIS.

We copy the following from a late number of the Nashville
Banner. ‘The young lady spoken of is a daughter of Prof.
R. W. Jennings who lived in our town in his boyhood, and
belongs to a branch of the old Jennings family of Saluda. For
many years past, he has been at the head of the Jennings
Eusiness College of Nashville, one of the leading institutions
of the kind in our country.

“Tt will be gratifying to the friends of Misses Mary and
Louise Jennings, the accomplished daughters of Prof. R. W.
Jennings, of this city, to learn that these ladies are achieving
noteworthy success in art in the Academie Deleciuse in Paris
which they are attending. ‘The first medal for the best head
has been awarded by the academie to Miss Louise in a compe-
tition in which there were sixty contestants, representing many
schools and nationalities. Some of the contestants had been
students of the New York Art League. ‘This achivement of
Miss Jennings is not only highly creditable to her, but it also
reflects credit upon the Nashville school of Fine Arts, of which
she and her sister were pupils.’’

COLONEL DAVID DENNY.

When the call was made for volunteers for the Seminole
War in Florida in the year 1836 David Denny, who was thena
young man living near Perry’s Cross Roads on the Saluda side
of the County, was elected Captain of the company raised in
his section. Edgefield furnished three companies; one from
the Seventh, one from the Tenth, and one from the Ninth
Militia Regiment, besides some from Hamburg. The names
of all are given in this connection as taken from the Advertiser
of February 11th, 1836, with the introductory remarks of the
Editor at that date.

The following incident in the history of that campsign, so
honorable to Captain Denny and to the men under his com-
mand has never been put on record in any book, nor even the
county newspaper. It was told to the present writer by James
Y. Culbreath, Esq., son of William Culbreath, who was a
member of the company, afterwards confirmed by Mr. Clarke
Martin, who was also one of the company and was present and
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 381

a witness of the fact. Mr. Clarke Martin also gave me the
additional information that the fording of the water to reach
the hammock was just after Sergeant Nicholas Summer, of
Newberry, of Captain Hargrove’s mounted men, had received
the wound of which he afterwards died at Tampa. An ac-
count of that is in the Annals of Newberry.

Near the close of the campaign the Indians were driven into a
densely wooded hammock, surrounded, or partially surrounded
by water, so that they were, for the time, practically inacces-
sible in any other way than by fording the intervening water.
Mr. Martin tells me that they could see the smoke rising from
the Indian camp-fires, and the Indians themselves moving
and dodging from place to place. It was necessary to rout
them and drive them from their sheltered position, even at the
sacrifice of a company. Captain Denny’s Company was de-
tailed and ordered forward for the performance of this duty.
The water the men had to pass through was not too deep to
wade without swimming, but this fact they had to ascertain
experimentally. They were ordered forward, and forward
they went, completely exposed to any enemy that might be
lurking and lying concealed in the swamps beyond. When
about half way, or a little more than half way across, Captain
Denny faced his men and then called out, ‘‘Halt!’’ With
drawn sword, standing waist deep in water, with enemies in
front of whose numbers they had little idea; not knowing but

that they were all marching to death, Denny says: ‘‘Men,
remember you are from South Carolina and from Edgefield
District! Forward, march!’’ ‘They went forward, but the

enemy fled and disappeared at their approach.

Judge A. P. Butler in speaking of this incident and men-
tioning that address always characterised it as equal in force,
energy, compactness, and effectiveness to any he had ever heard
or read, and was worthy of any commanding officer at any
time. It was like a solid shot with a true aim and going direct
to the mark.

When the War of Secession broke out Colonel Denny again
volunteered and was elected Captain of a company—went to
Virginia with it, but being too old for active field service he
resigned and returned: home where he remained performing
faithfully all the duties of a farmer citizen until his death.
382 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

He was a member of the Baptist Church, a faithful and true
man, doing his duty in all stations in life in which he was
placed, according to his highest conceptions and perceptions of
what those duties might be.

GENERAL JAMES JONES.

This distinguished gentleman, an honor to the State and to
the County, was the second son of Colonel Mathias Jones, one
of the pioneer settlers of Ridge Spring; and was born October
3rd, 1805. He was educated at the academy at Edgefield
Court House, at which institution he was prepared to enter
the South Carolina College. He graduated in 1824, in a class
of nineteen. In the class were Dr. Josiah C. Nott, Professor
R. T. Brumly, and Tames M. Calhoun, sometimes President
of the Alabama Senate. At his graduation Dr. Cooper was
President of the South Carolina College. After his graduation
he read law at Edgefield and began practice there at a time
when that Bar had some of the best and most brilliant lawyers
in the State.

In 1827, May 3rd, he married Miss Catherine Louisa
Creyon, of Columbia, South Carolina. After his marriage he
engaged successfully in his profession at Edgefield, In 1836,
in obedience to his military instincts he raised a company of
volunteers for the Seminole War. General Milledge L. Bon-
ham, then a young man, was Orderly Sergeant of the company.
The reader will find a roll of tiat company elsewhere in this
book. This company formed a part of the regiment of Colonel
Abbott H. Brisbane, of which regiment A. G. Magrath, after-
wards Governor of South Carolina, was Adjutant. After the
expiration of his term of service in Florida Captain Jones be-
came Adjutant and Inspector General of South Carolina,
which office he held acceptably for many years. Becoming
dissatisfied with the practice of the law he accepted the posi-
tion of manager of the Vaucluse Factory, which is said to
have been the first cotton factory built in South Carolina. The
first building was erected by a German named Christian
Breithaupt, who settled in Edgefield. This building was de-
stroyed by fire, but was soon rebuilt. He continued some
time as Superintendent in partnership with his brother-in-law,
William Gregg, but after awhile sold his interest and moved
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 383

to Columbia in order to assume the duties of the newly created
office of Commissioner of the new State Capitol, to which he
had been elected by the Legislature. This office he filled to
the satisfaction of all until the war came and the work was
suspended.

On December 21st, 1842, he was appointed by Governor
Hammond to the Chairmanship of the Board of Visitors of the
newly created military schools at the Arsenal and the Citadel.
No better selection could have been made. For more than
twenty-two years, without salary, he gave the necessary time
and attention to the cause of the Military Academy. During
his time of service here from 1842 to 1865 he had as his col-
leagues, Jamison, Hanna, Means, Wallace, Wilson, Young,
Perrin, Gage, Simms, regular members, and Adjutant Gen-
erals Cantey, Dunovant, DeSaussure, Garlington, and Gover-
nors Hammond, Aiken, Johnson, Means, Manning, Adams,
Allston, Gist, Pickens, Bonham, Magrath, ex-officio members
of the Board of Visitors.

In 1861 he became Colonel of the Fourteenth Regiment of
South Carolina Volunteers. In 1862-1863 he served in the
lower part of the State, when he resigned and was made Quar-
ter-Master General of the State.

After the war was over, Mr. William Gregg, President of
the Graniteville Manufacturing Company, being absent for a
time in Europe, General Jones was induced to remove to
Graniteville and assume entire control of that business and its
management. He lived but a short time after this. He died
of apoplexy on the 20th of October, 1865, his wife having pre-
ceded him to the tomb by about three yéars. On the day of
his death the sun was in eclipse, and on the 20th of October,
1892, just twenty-seven years after his death, the sun was
again in eclipse. But no man’s life and death can affect the
general course of nature. Indeed it seems sometimes that na-
ture does not care whether we live or die.

General Jones and his wife had no children of their own,
but out of the kindness of their hearts they adopted two, a son
and daughter, of R. H. Nichols and his wife, Susan B. Travis,
who were teachers by profession and who died suddenly, leav-
ing these children in distressed circumstances. The children
added greatly to the happiness of Mr. and Mrs. Jones, and are
384 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

both still living (1893). The daughter is Mrs. U. R. Brooks
and the son is a well known citizen of Columbia, Edward
Joseph Jones.

General Jones was a believer in the Code Duello and was
regarded as high authority on such questions as the Code was
expected to determine. But to his honor be it said, he used
the Code as an instrument of peace whenever it was possible
for peace to be restored between the parties.

Edgefield may have produced and nourished greater men
than General James Jones, but few more useful to the county
and to the State than he. He was captain of a company dur-
ing the Seminole War in Florida; Adjutant and Inspector
General of the State; manufacturer; Commissioner of the new
State House; Confederate Colonel; Quarter-Master General of
the State, and Chairman of the Board of Visitors of the South
Carolina Military Schools for twenty-two years, all which posi-
tions he filled with honor.

This sketch of the life and services of General James Jones
is drawn from Colonel J. P. Thomas’ History of the Citadel
Academy of South Carolina.

COLONEL T. P. SHAW.

Colonel Thomas Pickens Shaw was born in Edgefield County,
June 10th, 1828; died August 2nd, 1883, at his home near
Poverty Hill, S. C., in the same county.

At the commencement of the bloody struggle between the
States Colonel Shaw raised a company and was elected its
captain. The company was afterwards known as Company
“B,” Nineteenth Regiment, South Carolina Volunteers.
Colonel Shaw rose by regular promotion, until he became the
commander of the gallant regiment. At the battle of Frank-
lin, Tennessee, Colonel Shaw was severely wounded while at
the front in the thickest of the fight, in command of a brigade.
Several days after the battle he was captured and remained a
prisoner until the close of the war.

He was admired for his chivalry and bravery; esteemed for
his ardent patriotism, and loved for his generosity and kind-
ness. Colonel Shaw was married January 23rd, 1868, to Miss
Mattie Lanier, the daughter of the Honorable Silas Lanier, of
one of the most prominent families of South Edgefield.
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 385

Colonel Shaw was in his 55th year at the time of his death,
His remains were laid to rest in Mt. Lebanon cemetery.

The gallant soldier sleeps in peace,
To dream no more of battle fields; —
In his lonely, narrow bed,

In the still village of the dead.
386 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

XXXII.

THE SCOTT FAMILY, WHO GAVE NAME TO “SCOTT'S
FERRY,” ON THE WESTSIDE.

Samuel Calliham Scott was born at Scott’s Ferry, April
22nd, 1807, and lived in Edgefield District the greater portion
of his life. He died in Webster Parish, Louisiana, August
5th, 1873. From him is derived about all we know of the
early history of the family.

John Scott and his wife, whose maiden name is not known,
came to America about the first or middle of the eighteenth
century. John Scott was from the North of Ireland—his wife
was a Scotch lady.

The names of their children are not all now known, the fol-
lowing only are remembered: Samuel, known as Ready Money
Scott, James, William, and Joseph.

They brought with them great wealth in money, how much
cannot now be estimated, but enough with their thrift and
energy, afterwards, even from one, Samuel, to make at least
two of his generations of many families rich.

Robert H. Middleton, the grandson of Ready Money, owns
and now resides on a portion of this estate of Ready Money, at
Clark’s Hill, S. C.

John Scott and sons brought with them letters or documents
of credit, or recommendations from the King of Great Britian
to the Colonists. Samuel, the eldest son, seemed to be favored
with a grant of land in South Carolina from King George II
or King George ITI.

The following letter may be of interest here:

Pyium Brancg, S. C., Jan. 7th, 1893.
Mr. O. H. P. Scott, Augusta, Ga.:

Dear Str: According to promise, have seen, Dr. W. D.
Jennings, the Encyclopedia, Genealogist, &c., &c., &c. He
says your great-grandfather, Samuel (Hard Money) Scott, did
own a town and nearly the entire county, or district as then
known. He thinks it was Orangeburg City and County. He
has seen the deeds anc plats to Hard Money Scott, granted by
King George. The deeds and plats are made out on sheep-
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 387

skin or parchment. Bob. Middleton’s father got them years
ago in Charleston, after the death of old Mr. Middleton, who
died in Charleston, and was, perhaps, Bob. Middleton’s grand-
father. He says old John Middleton, the father of Bob.,
brought the package of papers from Charleston, and it is
thought that he never opened the package; nor was it ever
opened until after his death. I don’t know whether Bob.
Middleton or Geo. D. Tillman, son and son-in-law’s attorney,
have the papers.

He thinks above attorneys will make effort to recover this
vast amount of property. ‘Tillman’s son-in-law, the lawyer,
says that he is satisfied that the property can be recovered. If
so, you are undoubtedly an heir to this vast estate. Hoping
you coniplete success in life, that you may enjoy most beauti-
fully the proceeds, &c.

Yours very truly,
[Signed. ] J. H. JENNINGS.

This Scott family first settled on the Georgia side of the
Savannah River, but moved over to the Carolina side, prior to
the Revolutionary War, and established their homestead at the
place then and to-day known as Scott’s Ferry.

Here they were resident during the war of independence, and
their property continued in the family from Ready Money
Scott to his son, Samuel Scott,—from him to his only three
children, Elizabeth, John, and Samuel C. Scott. Elizabeth,
being the eldest, retained that portion including the ferry.

Elizabeth never married. She willed to Oliver H. P.
Scott, and William L. Scott, the eldest son of her brother, &c.,
&c. The latter two transferred to parties outside the family.

James Scott, the next eldest, moved West, on the Alabama
River. William and Joseph Scott moved to the middle or
eastern portion of South Carolina. The two latter, being the
youngest of the original family, entered the American Army,
vand were made, one a Captain and the other a Lieutenant.
Their names are mentioned in Ramsay’s History of South
Carolina.

Samuel Scott, (Ready Money) owned and remained at the
homestead, Scotts Ferry on the Savannah River. He was
married to Miss Joyce Calliham, a brave and plucky lady of a
brave, patriotic family of Scotch descent. Her brother, Joel
388 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

‘Calliham, served as a soldier the entire time of the Revolu-
‘tionary War. Served under Sevier at the battle of Kings
Mountain, and is mentioned by L. C. Draper in his history on
page 424, as one of the Heroes of Kings Mountain.

Just after the Revolutionary War other records were made
of the services of the families of Scott and Calliham; but these
remaining in manuscript have become lost or destroyed.

Samuel Scott, Ready Money, was one of the pioneers of
Ninety-Six District, being a man of wealth, of education, and
a good surveyor, his influence was considerable. He acquired
‘the name of Ready Money by being always prepared to pay
cash for what he bought, and by always demanding cash for
‘what he sold. The story is related of him that he once attended
-a large sale of tobacco at a warehouse in Augusta, Georgia.
-He was not known to be present. A number of business men
-of means were there to secure the entire lot at a bargain. The
‘tobacco was sold in small lots with privilege to the purchaser
of taking the entire warehouse full if he desired. After a few
lots had been sold Ready Money commenced to bid. The
capitalists present not knowing the bidder, and hoping to get
rid of him permitted the lot on which he had bid to be knocked
‘down to him at a mere nominal price. ‘‘How much do you
-want, sir?’ was the question of the auctioneer. ‘‘The entire
lot,’’ was the ready reponse. ‘‘Who’s the bidder?’ ‘‘Ready
Money Scott, and here it is; I want the keys, sir.’’ In less
than twenty-four hours he realized quite a large profit on his
investment selling to these same merchants.

Scott’s devotion to the cause of American Independence was
proverbial. He was a man deeply interested in the welfare of
the country—the owner of large landed estates between Sa-
vannah River and Steven’s Creek—all his wife’s relatives and
‘his own had espoused the cause of the colonies—he lived at a
‘very important crossing of the river, Scott’s Ferry, recognized
as a point of military importance—the military establishing a
fort for its and the country’s protection. Pace’s Island in
Savannah River just above the mouth of Scott’s Creek and the
ferry was the rendezvous and hiding place of the tories for
that portion of Georgia and South Carolina, from which they
frequently raided the country on either and both sides, using
this Island or German Island below the ferry to store their
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 389

stolen goods. When the fact was discovered that the Tories
were using these islands as places of deposit for their stolen
goods none of the neighbors seemed willing to make the trip
to Ninety-Six where the American army then was, and Mr.
Scott being then too old and infirm, his wife, Joyce, without
the knowledge of any one save that of her husband, mounted
a fleet horse after sundown and at night rode the whole dis-
tance from Scott’s Ferry to Ninety-Six and gave the informa-
tion to the military there. Lieutenant Joel Calliham with a
select body of troops was sent down to put a stop to these
proceedings. He routed and dispersed the whole camp and
force of Tories, and for a time thereafter that part of the country
was free from their depredations.

For this act of patriotism Samuel Scott and his wife Joyce
were made to suffer at the hands of the detached body of
Tarleton’s troops who visited the place for plunder. Augusta.
at the time was in the hands of the enemy.

Mr. Scott at the time of the Revolution was too old to take
part in person as a soldier, but he furnished money, raiment,
and food, and further encouraged the rebellion by sending and
keeping in the service of the continental forces, his brother-in-
law, Joel Calliham, Lieutenant in Sevier’s Regiment. In
consequence of his zeal and patriotism the Tories and British
burned and destroyed his dwelling and corn cribs, killed and
stole his stock, carried off his slaves, and annoyed him in
many other ways; but I think those mentioned above quite
enough. Itseems, however, that they were not, for his and
his wife’s feet were burned to make them tell where their
money was buried. In addition to this indignity, his wife,
with a rope around her waist, was ducked in the Savannah
River to make her divulge this secret, but without avail.

The money and plate so buried have not been discovered to
this day. Family documents, by which the foregoing state-
ments could be proven, have been lost and destroyed.

The foregoing description seems to have included the de-
struction of the two raids:on this place—Tarleton’s, in which
the two were treated with indignities by him, destroying the
fields of green corn, ripping up feather beds, &c., &c. The
other raid will be described further on, which was more de-
structive and serious and from a different command,
390 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

On this raid from Tarleton’s command, one of the Callihams,
an American soldier, was made prisoner and taken to Augusta,
Georgia, and placed in their military prison, the walls of which
are occupied to this day and sits on the bank of the Savannah
River, according to the recollection of my informant on
Reynolds Street.

While in the prison Calliham had learned that they were to
be transferred to safer quarters down the river. Knowing the
road over which they were to be marched he determined to
make his escape. He accordingly divested himself of heavy
wearing appeared and with a long Scotch cloak wrapped about
his person—having a diagram of the British works which he
had already prepared and tightly folded and placed in his
mouth, watching his opportunity he suddenly threw off his
cloak and leaped it.to the water under fire from the guards.
Swimming and diving alternately he made the Carolina side in
safety, calling at the house of an old patriot lady in a nude con-
dition she furnished him a suit of her clothes and he proceeded
to rejoin his command which was at the time near Ninety-Six.

The following letter is introduced as corrobatory of the
foregoing facts related.

The letter is written to Dr. J. J. Scott, of Shreveport, La.,
and bears date, Benton, La., December 28th, 1892.

Dear Sir: My father, David Thomas, was bora in Edge-
field District, S. C., in the year 1775 and died in Louisiana
1849. He was a nephew to Joyce Calliham, the wife of Ready
Money Scott, who lived on the Savannah River above Augusta,
Ga., and had a ferry that is known to this day as Scott’s Ferry.
In 1850 I visited among my relatives there and heard much of
the family history from old kinspeople who are now dead.
Samuel Scott, better known in that country as Ready Money
Scott, was a very thrifty farmer. He got his soubriquet from
the fact that he always paid the ready money for what he
bought, and would not sell unless the ready money was paid
tohim. This habit obtained for him the reputation of having
money, and when the war broke out between the colonies and
Great Britian, he, having cast his lot with the colonies and
rendered such services as are usually given by patriots to the
cause this espousal brought upon him and his family much
persecution.
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 391

For robbery he was visited from time to time by the Tories
and the British. One time they destroyed a field of growing
corn by turning their cavalry horses loose in it, while the men
plundered the dwelling house and premises.

Failing to find any money, they ripped up with their swords
the family featherbeds and gave the feathers to the winds. It
is a well authenticated fact that old Ready Money Scott was an
intense patriot, and aided the Colonies in their struggle for
freedom against Great Britian.

Yours,
[Signed.] SAMUEL M. THOMAS.

At another time a raid was made by the Tories from upper
South Carolina and North Carolina, supposed to be a de-
tached body from the noted North Carolina Tory, Colonel
Fagan’s command, operating principally in that State. Con-
necting themselves with the Paris Island gang, they visited
Scott’s Ferry and neighborhood, destroying the place by
burning his corn cribs, stables, wagons, vehicles, and killing
his stock—taking with them valuable horses and quite a num-
ber of his slaves to North Carolina. The latter made their es-
' cape near the head waters of the Savannah River, and re-
turned home in canoes down the river, (foraging on the way)
to Scott’s Ferry.

RECAPITULATION.

John Scott and wife—from Ireland and Scotland. Children:
Samuel Scott, the eldest; James Scott, moved to Alabama;
William Scott and Joseph, moved to the middle part of South
Carolina.

Samuel (Ready Money) Scott married Joyce Jane Calliham.
Children: Samuel, Elizabeth, Polly, Joyce, Nancy, Sallie.
Elizabeth married John Middleton; Polly married Graves;
Joyce married Martin; Nancy married Tate; Sallie
married Mimms.

Samuel Scott, the only son, married Miss Mary Baker, of
Abbeville District, S.C. Children: Elizabeth, the eldest;
next John, next and last was Samuel Calliham Scott, father of
Dr. J. J. Scott, Shreveport, La. The father of these three
children died young, and the widow afterwards married Armi-
stead Burt and had many children, most of whom and their

 

 

 

 
392 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD,

children still live in Edgefield County and Augusta, Ga.
Elizabeth, the eldest, heiress of the Scott’s Ferry tract, died
unmarried, about 30 years of age, willing her property, land,
and slaves to her mother, Mrs. Burt, after her death to
O. H. P. Scott and a cousin of his.

Samuel Calliham Scott married Miss Martha Collier. Chil-
dren: O. H. P. Scott, Augusta, Ga.; Hillary Collier Scott;
Samuel C. Scott, died young; John Joseph Scott, Shreveport,
La.; Mary E. C. Scott; James Oscar, Hugh H., Robert H.,
Frances Ann, William E.

O. H. P. Scott served in the Coafederate States Army,
Hillary Collier Scott was living in Philadelphia when the war
broke out. He came South and joined the Confederate States
Army—was taken prisoner and treated very cruelly—died soon
after being exchanged. Hugh H. Scott, of Edgefield, saw
service with Hampton. John Joseph was also in the army and
is a Confederate Veteran.

Conclusion: Ready Money died in 1808. In what year his
wife died is not known.

 

THE MARTINS OF MARTINTOWN.

The Martin family, of Martintown, in Edgefield County,
were prominent, brave, active, and engergetic Whigs during
the Revolution, but as Martintown has long since gone to de-
cay, aud as the family, from whom the name was derived, is
almost or quite extinct in Edgefield, it might please the reader
of this book to find here a few items of the family history.

I am indebted to the Honorable John Martin, United States
Senator from Kansas, for the following information:

The Martin family was of Scotch-Irish origin. The family
emigrated from the North of Ireland somewhere towards the
close of the sixteenth century (should be I think seventeenth)
and settled originally in Caroline County, Virginia. The
family was a large one, there being seven sons and one
daughter. The names of the sons were: Abram, John, George,
William, Matthew, Barclay, and Edmund. The daughter’s
name was Letty. They resided in Virginia for many years,
and finally scattered to Pennsylvania, Kentucky, Tennessee,
North Carolina, Ohio, and South Carolina.

The head of the South Carolina branch of the family, Abram
HISTORY. OF EDGEFIELD. 393

Martin, was born in Caroline County, Virginia, in the year
1708, and there grew to manhood and married Miss Elizabeth
Marshall, of Caroline County, who was said to be a niece of
the father of John Marshall, afterwards Chief Justice of the
Supreme Court of the United States. Soon after his marriage
he moved to South Carolina and located in Edgefield District
and there lived and died.

He had eight sons, as follows: William Martin, James Mar-
tin, John Martin, George Martin, Barclay Martin, Edmund
Martin, Marshall Martin, Matt Martin, and one daughter,
Letty Martin.

Of these children, William, the eldest, married Miss Grace
Waring and left three children, Robert, Elizabeth, and Wil-
liam. He was captain of artillery and was killed at the siege
of Augusta. It was this Mrs. Martin who, in conjunction
with Mrs. Barclay: Martin, born Rachel Clay, captured the
British courier with dispatches while on his way from Augusta
to Ninety-Six, as elsewhere related.

The third son, John Martin, was an officer during the Revo-
lution, Brigadier after the war, and served several years in the
Legislature.

. He was married three times and left many children, one of
whom was Judge W D. Martin, of whom something has al-
ready been written.

John Martin died in Abbeville District in 1813.

Several of this prolific family rose to distinction. Charles
was an officer in the Confederate Army and was killed in the
battle of Kennesaw Mountain.

John Martin, Senator from Kansas in 1894, is a grandson of
Matthew Martin of the Revolution, who moved to Tennessee
and died there in 1846.

Many more names might be added to this roll of the Martins,
all worthy, all true men and women; but if all were written
that might be written of the children of Edgefield abroad, it
would embrace the world, and the book would soon grow to
unwieldy size.
394 HISTORY OF EDGHFIELD.

WERTS FAMILY.
- The Werts family first made its appearance in Newberry in
the year 1758, and it was not until nearly one hundred years
thereafter that they crossed Saluda into Edgefield.

John Werts, son of John and the grandson of the original
John of the American Revolution, moved into Edgefield in the
year 1856. He had eight sons and one daughter, Mary. Two
sons, Elijah and Jacob, and his daughter died young. The
other sons were: J. Wesley, L. Emanuel, J. Noah, A. Calvin,
Alfred S., and Andrew A. J. Wesley was a Lutheran minis-
ter, whom I used to know very well. His wife was Caroline
Derrick. Mr. Werts moved to Orangeburg in 1876, where he
died in 1883. His widow and three daughters live near Lees-
ville, in Lexington County. Three sons and one daughter .
live in Orangeburg County; another son, J. Q. Werts, who
married Miss Houseal, of Newberry, is a Lutheran minister in
North Carolina. L. Emanuel married Emmaline Wheeler.
He was a prosperous farmer on Halfway Swamp, when he and
his son James and one daughter, Rosalie, died in 1888 of
typhoid fever. They rest at Trinity. His widow, two sons,
and two daughters survive him. His son, J. Andrew, married
Kittie Long; J. Sidney married Lula Turner; his daughter,
Sallie, married Thos. A. Pitts, and Ida, Geo. C. Wheeler.
These all married well.

James Noah was twice married, first to Catherine Hipp, who
died before the war. He enlisted in Company K Fourteenth
Regiment, South Carolina Volunteers, was wounded at Gettys-
burg, and after the war he married Mary Smith, of Edgefield
County. He died in 1874, leaving no children.

Calvin A. went to Mississippi in 1858, hut on the breaking
out of the war he returned and enlisted in Company K Four-
teenth Regiment, South Carolina Volunteers. He served four
years under Stonewall Jackson, was wounded at Gettysburg,
and was present at the surrender of General Lee. He moved
to Florida in 1866. He was twice married, first to Miss New-
come of Florida, second to Miss Boyd of Georgia. His first
wife gave him one son and three daughters. He is engaged
in-the cultivation of oranges.

Alfred S. was a volunteer in Company B Sixth South Caro-
lina Cavalry during the War of Secession. After the war he
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 395

returned to Edgefield and married Christianah Schumpert.
They reared four sons, William F., R. Lee, Eugene, and
Julian. William F. married Eva Long; R. Lee, Eugene, and
Julian are not married. Their daughters were Nita, who
married Jefferson Free—she died in 1895-—-and Alice, who
married Spene Maffett—and Sallie, who is not married.

Andrew A. was quite young when the War of Secession
broke out. He volunteered in Company H Third Regiment,
South Carolina Volunteers, and was in every battle in which
that regiment was engaged. He was wounded at Gettysburg;
was in the battle of Chickamauga; was at the seige of Knox-
ville, thence back to Virginia and the great battle of the
Wilderness. Near the close of the war the Third Regiment
was sent to Charleston, and Andrew A. then became one of
the scouts that waded the swamps near Pocataligo, watching
the movements of the enemy and capturing many prisoners.
Many a winter night this little band of scouts crossed the
Salkehatchie River on the burnt timbers of an old bridge,
sometimes wading waist deep in water, feeling their way, and
camping without fire, to find their pants frozen stiff the next
morning. He was in service till the close of the war.

In 1867 he married Emily May. Eight children were the
fruits of this union, three sons, J. Rufus, Forrest E., and
Grover C., and five daughters, Lula R., wife of E. J. Mitchell;
Minnie L., wife of J. V. Cooper; Dora M., Ella P., and Alma
M. are not married.

J. Rufus makes his home at Ninety-Six, the two other sons
are with their father.

Andrew Werts, a descendant of Adam Werts, of Newberry,
left one son, Levan M., ‘who lives on Cloud’s Creek. ' Simeon
O., proprietor of the Johnston Hotel, is a son of Henry Werts,
of Newberry County.

Members of this family have long been known to the writer
of this book, and it is a source of pleasure to him to be able to
say that he has always found them to be strong and true men.

HALTIWANGER FAMILY.
Jacob Haltiwanger was born March 3oth, 1785, near Chapin,

Lexington County, 8. C. He married Elizabeth Feagle and
lived for some time in Newberry County. His parents came
396 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

to this country from Germany, and his father took an active
part in the colonial struggle for independence. Jacob had
three brothers and two sisters: George, David, William,
Nancy, and Christina.

William and David both lived near Spring Hill, Lexington
County. Nancy married Henry Eleazer and lived at Spring
Hill. Christina married Jacob Huiet and moved to Edgefield,
where they lived and died and where some of their descend-
ants still reside. George lived and died in Lexington County.
He was a Lutheran minister and also Sheriff of his county at
one time.

Jacob lived for a while in the lower section of Newberry
County, and moved from there to Edgefield County, in 1820,
settling on Big Creek, near Trinity Church. He had ten
children, five boys and five girls: George, Nancy, Catharine,
Levi, William, Leah, Julia Ann, John Elmore, Emeline, anc
Isaiah.

George was born May 11th, 1813; married Elizabeth Ann
Dreher. He had nine children, five of whom are still living,
three having died in their infancy and one in the Confederate
War. George graduated at the Lexington (S. C.) Theological
Seminary, and afterwards at Gettysburg. He was ordained in
1840 and preached for some time in Lexington. From there
he moved to Ebenezer, Ga., where he preached until his death,
March 1oth, 1862. His gentle and loving disposition won for
him friends among people of every faith. He was one of the
pioneers of the Lutheran Church in its earlier days. His
living children are Abner Daniel, who married Ella Counts,
and resides in Columbia; Albert Josiah, married Sallie B.
Lipscomb, and resides in Atlanta, Ga.; Paul Hazelius, married
Catherine N. Bouknight, and resides in Columbia; Mary Re-
becca, married John Luther Fellers, and resides in Columbia;
Arthur George, married Laura C. Cole, of Des Moines, Iowa,
and resides in Columbia.

Levi was born April 14th, 1819, and married Melvina Atta-
way. They had nine children. He moved with his family
many years ago to Lake City, Fla., where he still lives. One
of his sons, Oliver, married Miss Kemp, and lives in Saluda.

William was born November 22nd, 1822, and married Sarah
Proctor. He lived in Edgefield near a station on the C. &. G.
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 397

Railroad, known as Dyson. In sight of his home stood Sister
Springs Baptist Church, the oldest church in that section of
the country. * He did a prosperous mercantile business be-
fore and after the war. In 1878 his people elected him to
serve them in the Legislature, where he represented them two
years. He died March 7, 1889, and was buried in the old
Trinity burying ground. He had ten children, six of whom
are still living. Sidney Daniel lives at the old home place in
Edgefield. Joseph Johnson and. Henry are in Walhalla. J.
William is in Oklahoma. Jacob B. is Auditor of Edgefield,
and resides there. The only daughter living, Addie, married
George Wise, and lives near Edgefield Court House. George,
a son who is dead, was a graduate of Newberry College,
where he taught for several years. He afterwards practiced
law.

Leah was born November 7, 1825, and married first J. Wes-
ley Trotter. They had five children. After his death she
married Samuel Dyer, by whom she had two children, James
and Alice, who still live at the home place near Trinity
Church, in Saluda County. Leah and her husband died and
were buried the same day at Trinity Church.

Catherine was born August 16th, 1817, and married Dave
Boozer. They moved to Mississippi, where they died. They
had several children, who still survive them.

Emeline was born January 3rd, 1835, and first married
Jones Rushton near Batesburg, by whom she had one daugh-
ter. He was killed in the late war. She then married Mike
A. Deloach. They had three children. She now lives at
Ninety-Six, Greenwood County.

Isaiah was born May 16th, 1838, and married Fannie
Counts. He lives in Lexington County, in what is known as
‘“The Dutch Fork,’’ and has served his county as Clerk of
Court. He has a large tamily.

Julia Ann was born January 11th, 1832, and married Jacob
L. Aull, of Newberry County, and moved to Edgefield, now

 

* The Baptist Church, Sister Spring, was overlooked when giving the
account of the Baptist Churches in the County. [relied upon others,
pastors and clerks, for sketches of the churches. This being one of the
oldest it must have been constituted about the year 1800. Chestnut
Ridge was constituted in 1809. I regret the oversight, but the brethren
may rest assured that it was not done purposely.
398 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

Greenwood, near Dyson. She had seven children, six of
whom are living, two girls and four boys: Elbert H., a gradu-
ate of Newberry College, and printer and publisher, lives in
Newberry. Rowena A.,a graduate of Columbia Female Col-
lege, married Rev. W. W. Daniel, a Methodist minister, who
resides in Columbia. Nathan E., a graduate of Newberry
College, who is teaching in Texas. Eva, who with Wm. B.,
a graduate of Newberry College, and Luther B., live at the
old home in what is now Greenwood.

John Elmore, born November 15th, 1829, and Nancy, born
December 25th, 1815, son and daughter of Jacob Haltiwanger,
died in early life.

SHEPPARD.

James Sheppard, father of Honorable J. C. Sheppard, was
a native of Newberry District, but left there when he was a
young man and first settled in Edgefield about two miles from
Higgins’ Ferry at a place.where the old Ninety-Six road crosses
the ferry road. He there did business, mercantile, for some
years with Mr. William Coleman, father of A. P. Coleman.
This was about the year 1825. After awhile he moved out to
the place above the Court House where he lived for many
years a comfortable and useful life. He continued the mer-
cantile business, and being prudent, energetic and industrious,
he naturally prospered. He was not immoderately ambitious
of distinction in public life, but was at one time a member of
the General Assembly, as Representative. Of his children by
his first marriage—he was married twice—I was acquainted
only, and that slightly, with his son George. His second
wife, the mother of John C. Sheppard, was a Miss Mobley,
daughter of Dr. William Mobley. His son George married
also a daughter of Dr. Mobley. James Sheppard and his son
George both gone long ago.

John C. Sheppard is still‘avyoung man, and it is not by any
means too late for him to achieve distinction in public life, if
he so desires. In 1882, if I mistake not, he was elected
Lieutenant Governor, and again in 1884, as there was no op-
position to the State officers who were then in office. Hugh
S. Thompson was Governor. In July, 1886, Governor Thomp-
son resigned to accept the office of assistant Secretary of the
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 399

United States Treasury, and Mr. Sheppard became Governor.
In 1892 when Mr. Tillman, who had been elected Governor in
1890, was a candidate for re-election, Mr. Sheppard was put
forward by the Conservatives as the opposing candidate. After
avery warm contest Mr. Tillman was re-elected. Since the
election Mr. Sheppard has been steadily at work at his profes-
sion, which is that of law, at Edgefield in company with his
brother.

There were other Sheppards also once living in Edgefield
County, kinsmen of these. One was a Lutheran minister, and
his name appears elsewhere in this book in the brief sketch of
the Lutheran Church. The other was Dr. David Sheppard, a
practicing physician, who was a surgeon or assistant surgeon
of a regiment during the War of Secession. He died about
the year 1890 or 1891, not lorg after his second marriage. He
was an amiable, good man. ‘The minister moved West, and I
do not known at this time (1893) whether he is living or not.

‘
400 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

XXXIV.

RECOLLECTIONS AND REFLECTIONS.

Yesterday, August 3rd, 1892, I met the daughter of a man
whom I once knew and loved, and the granddaughter of a man
I knew and loved when I was a little boy at school over sixty
years ago. He was older than myself by several years, but all
the little boys loved him and looked up to him with fond con-
fidence and trust, as he was so gentle in his deportment and
bearing towards them; it was impossible for them to do other-
wise. I do not now remember who our teacher was, but the
school house was in the piney woods, not far from Pine Pleas-
ant Church, but before that church was built, before Mount
Enon was founded, just before that great religious revival that
swept over the whole country, in which Barnes, Hodges,
Worthington, and some others did so great a work.

It is a great pleasure, but at the same time a very sad one,
to review the past and to call into active being once more those
persons and events, which now live only in the memories of
some, or on the pages of the historian. I can see that little
log school house, with the writing desk running nearly the
whole length of the school room, with a long open window to
admit the light. I can see the broad open fire-place, almost as
wide as the house itself. I can see the rude benches without
backs, and another desk running lengthwise of the house and
sloping at both sides with a flat space on top—for the use of
the cipherers and other students to rest their books and slates
upon. JI can hear the children while conning the regular
evening spelling lesson—such a noise as they made, loud
enough and discordant enough to wake the seven sleepers of
Ephesus, if they could be waked at all by discordant noises.
I can hear the glad shouts ot the boys when school is dismissed
and the noise made by a falling bench or two, thrown over by
the boys in their wild, mischievous fun. I can see the girls
with their bright eyes glancing mischief at the boys. I see
distinctly one girl, about twelve years old, who walked with a
slight limp, being a little lame in one foot. I see her coming
up from the spring with a bottle of milk poised steadily upon
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 401

her head without holding or touching it with her hands—this
she had placed in the morning, in the spring, to keep it cool
and sweet until noon. I thought her as sweet and pleasant as
the jug of milk she carried. I can see the boys gathered
around my friend morning, noon, and afternoon. I can hear
him say that it seemed to him that everybody must love him,
for that everybody called him ‘‘Bud.’’ Yes, everybody did
love you, Budd, and they continued to love you until that last
sad day when you left, and were no longer here to love or to
be loved. All these are gone; all turnel long ago to dust and
ashes or to spirit, which is more impalpable still. Ves, Budd
Bryant, it is your daughter’s daughter whom I have just seen,
the daughter of Rev. Luther Broaddus, whom to know was to
love—whose presence, whose voice, whose smile has called up
and made to pass in review the buried memories of over sixty
years. She is as good, I hope and believe, as father and
grandfather, and I trust that love may wait upon her steps
through life. The following lines, written soon after our ac-
quaintance began, when her father was pastor of the Baptist
Church at Newberry, aptly express the feelings of the heart:

TO AILEEN.

Aun old time German story tells

That on the eve before the bells

Of Christmas ring out clear and sweet,
A little child with naked feet,

In tattered garments old and poor,
Goes softly round from door to door,
Low knocking, begging to be let
Within from out the cold and wet.

And if one opens, the tale tells,

Before the ringing of the bells,

That little child, all glorified,

Becomes the Holy Christ who died

To save the world; and then He breaks
The bread and gives; and then He takes
The wine and pours it in the cup,

And blesses ere they drink it up;

And then He passes from their sight
Apparelled in bright robes of light.

That little child, O Aileen dear!
That little child comes every year;—
Indeed, indeed He’s always near.
402 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

And He is softly knocking still,

And you can open if you will,

This holy, blessed Christmas tide,

To Christ, the one-time crucified,

To Christ, the child now glorified,

And say: “Come in, thou heavenly Child!

Abide with me this winter day!

Abide with me, forever stay!

And make me like thyself, holy and meek and mild.”
Christmas, 1882. JOHN A. CHAPMAN.

Miss Aileen Broaddus was married in 1893—may she be
happy.
AN ACT OF HEROISM.

The principal actor in the incident I am now about to relate
is not a native of Edgefield County, but she married in Edge-
field and lived for several years in that county, and still owns
a small property there. Her husband was a native of that
county, in which he lived his whole life and died, and was
buried near the place where he was born. And her father, if
I have not been wrongly informed, was born near Saluda
Old Town, in Edgefield. The act of heroism itself occurred
near Ninety-Six, and in Abbeville County, but near the line.
The actor was Mrs. Susan Chapman, zee Gaulden, who was
born near Ninety-Six, and now, 1892, lives in that town. The
hearing of the story moved me so much that I felt bound to
record it in the History of Edgefield as one of the heroic deeds
of one of her many noble women. Mr. Gaulden was a native
of Edgefield.

On Sunday, the first Sunday in June, 1890, Mrs. Chapman
was on a visit to her sister (passing the day with her), who
lived, if my memory is not at fault here, at their father’s old
place. The children, and some of the neighbors’ children,
were playing about in the yard, and, heedless of danger as
children always are, were playing about, and running over
and upon the well. The well was covered; that is, planks
were laid upon, across, and over its mouth. But it appears
that the planks were not very strong. At any rate, while
Alberta M. Davis, a little girl about eight years old, was upon
it, the middle plank broke and she was precipitated to the bot-
tom of the well, a distance of over forty feet. Mrs. Chapman
was in the house with her sister, and as soon as they heard the
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 403

children scream they ran out to see what the trouble was-
They lowered a rope immediately, and Mrs. Chapman went.
down, stepping from stone to stone, with which the well was.
walled, holding on to the rope to keep from falling, while her
sister held the end above. As soon as she reached the bottony
she raised and held the child’s head above water, until assis
tance could be had. Fortunately a negro man was living near
and in a few minntes he was with them. He descended in the
same manner Mrs. Chapman had, and brought the child to the
surface. ‘There seems to have been no windlass nor bucket to
the well, as Mrs. Chapman ascended holding to the rope and
stepping froin stone to stone as she had gone down.

The child was insensible when brought up, but recovered
consciousness in a few hours, and is now, 1892, a strong,
healthy girl.

Mrs. Chapman herself is a very delicate and gentle looking
woman, and when asked afterwards how it was that she could
go down at once to the rescue of the child: ‘‘Why,’’ she re-
plied, ‘‘I never thought anything about it at all. The child
was in the well and had to be saved and I went. Somebody
had to go at once,—that was all.”’

Mrs. Chapman is the widow of Andrew Chapman, a nephew
of the writer. When quite a young man he was rather wild
and reckless. This did not last long. Hesoon became steady
and industrious, and was an energetic, upright, honorable,
business man. I do not think I have any young relatives to
whom it is possible for me to become so warmly and devotedly
attached as I was to him. ‘The reader can understand and ap-
preciate his sterling character and the estimation in which he
was held by some others who knew him, when he learns that
Mrs. C. Mower, who was then a leading merchant at New-
berry and a woman of exalted character, wept when she heard
of his death.

COLONEL LEWIS ELZEY.

I had heard and read of Colonel Lewis Elzey, but his name
had almost entirely faded out from my mind and memory,
when I received from a friend a clipping from an old news-
paper, which gives an account of an interview with him. He
was then living near Aiken. The date of the interview is not
404 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

given, nor the date of the publication of the paper in which it
appeared (only slips were sent me), but I think it was in the
year 1875, from the dates of advertisements which appeared in
the same number of the ‘‘Advertiser.’’ In giving an account
of this interview I cannot do better than to copy it verbatim.
Who the ‘‘reporter’’ is I have no means of knowing:

Reporter—What is your age, Colonel Elzey?

“T am 83 years old—was born in Virginia before the Revo-
lutionary War—was a lieutenant in the regular army during
the war of 1812—encamped at Lower Sandusky, on Lake Erie,
during the naval fight of Com. Perry—could hear the guns
and see the smoke, but could uot see the vessels.’’

Reporter—You are not a graduate of West Point, how did
you get a commission in the regular army?

“Well, at that time there were not more than four or five
graduates in the whole army. Scott was not a graduate. I
got my commission by the recommendation of a member of
Congress.”’

Reporter—Did you return to private life after the close of
the war?

‘Ves, I went back to Virginia.’’

Reporter—You knew many of the celebrated men of your
‘State?

“I knew Jefferson, Monroe, Chief Justice Marshall, Johu
Randolph, and others. When President Monroe returned to
Virginia, his term as President having expired, he took the
position of Magistrate in Loudon County, and acted for a good
many years; but the office of Magistrate in those days was al-
ways filled by men of talent and eminent character—not like

the d—d Trial Justices of these days, for they are the greatest
eurses in the annals of time. The oldest Magistrate of the
county, in those days, became Sheriff, although they never
occupied the position, but farmed it out and gave the proceeds
to charitable purposes. I knew Jefferson by sight; he fre-
quently came up in the country where I lived, near Winches-
ter. He was very popular with the common people. Chief
Justice Marshall was a very plain man in his dress and manner
—very much like Chancellor Harper of this State. I have
often seen him with his knee buckles loose, flapping about his
legs, and sometimes half of his coat tail would be off. We

 
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 405

used to laugh at him about helping an old woman catch her
chickens, who had brought them to town for sale. They got
out of her basket and Mr. Marshall ran all over the streets to
catch them for her,’’

Reporter—Did Chief Justice Marshall have any brothers?

‘Yes, Charles and Jim. Charles was dissipated. Jim was
immensely wealthy, but would never hold any office.’’

Reporter —Was not this plainness of dress affected by Mr.
Marshall?

‘No, ail the Marshalls were that way. Jim Marshall dressed.
his children so badly that they once complained to my father
that they were not dressed as well as the other children in the
neighborhood. My father spoke to Jim about it, and he said:
‘Captain Elzey, people know that Jim Marshall is rich—very
rich—and what is the use for him to dress his children so fine?
You can spoil children very easily. When you used to come
to my father’s house I have many a time hunted eggs for your
dinner in my shirt tail.’

“Chief Justice Marshall once sent word to a Mr. Duvall,
with whom he was not personally acquainted, that he and
family would dine with him on a certain day. When the day
arrived, Mr. Marshall rode on before and his carriage with
family came on behind. When he reached Mr. Duvall’s
house, he asked if he could get dinner. Duvall said: ‘No, you
can’t get dinner; J am expecting Judge Marshall and family to
dinner, and as they are very fine people I should not like to pre-
sent you to them.’ The Chief Justice responded that he knew
Mr. Marshall’s family very well and he believed he would
stop anyhow. Duvall was very much taken down when he
found that the ordinary looking guest was the Chief Justice of
the Supreme Court of the United States.’’

Reporter—When did you come to South Carolina?

“T came to Charleston, S. C., in 1816, with a drove of horses,
made lots of money on them, and got ona spree. Horses were
worth more then than they are now, that is, fine horses. Fine
horses are worth more in Kentucky than they are here. When
I first came to Edgefield, in 1816, there was plenty of game in
the woods; we once, in acamp hunt, killed eleven deer on
Shaw’s Creek. There was a paper published at Edgefield
then by Mr. Landrum, called ‘The Hive.’”’
4.06 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

Reporter—Who were the lawyers at Edgefield in 1816, and
what kind of lawyers were they?

‘‘There was Glascock, Edmund Bacon, Jeter, Eldred Sim-
kins, McDuffie. Edmund Bacon was a fine speaker, graceful
in manners and gesture, very cunning in his arguments, and
had the most musical voice I have ever heard. Eldred Sim-
kins wasa book-worm. Jeter was Solicitor, anda very sensible,
practical, and short speaker. McDufhe was a great orator,
but he was awkward in his manners in private, and got very
much excited in speaking—sawed the air with his hands. Glas-
cock was a forcible speaker, but never studied his cases—-used
frequently to hunt foxes all the morning and make an argu-
ment in the evening. I never knew him to study but one
case, and that was a case he had in Beaufort, in which he de-
fended a man by the name of Spavius against a man by the
name of Spikes. He went down to court three days before-
hand, and there he heard for the first time that Petigru and
Billy Martin (Judge W. D. Martin) were om the other side,
‘and, by G—d,’ said he, ‘I had to study.’ I remember one
remark he made to the jury: ‘Spikes, geutlemen of the jury,
is the plaintiff in this suit, and he has tried to spike this case,
not with ten penny nails either, but if you, gentlemen, don’t
spike Spikes, Iam mistaken.’ He gained his case.

“Nathan Gritlin came to the bar afterwards, about 1824. I
think he was in partnership with Judge Butler, and never
made a speech until after they dissolved, and they were part-
ners ten or twelve years. Mr. Griffin then became one of the
most effective jury lawyers in the State. His style was con-
versational, which always wins in the long run. Mr. Griffin
was a good judge of human nature, and an excellent examiner
of witnesses; he was very punctilious and systematic. I was
not a great admirer of Mr. Calhoun. Mir. Griffin once said to
me: ‘Elzey, Calhoun is ten years ahead of his age.’ ‘Well,’
said I, ‘if he is that far ahead I shan’t try to catch him.’
Judge Gant used to hold court in Edgefield when I first came
here. He wasa fancy man. I remember he once lectured on
temperance while he lived at Mt. Vintage—met me the next
day—‘Elzey,’ said he, ‘I didn’t mean that lecture for you, but
for them d—d A’s. in your neighborhood; for the drunker they
get the more religion they have.’ ”’
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 407

NINETY-SIX.

As Edgefield and Saluda Counties were once part of the
large District of Ninety-Six, of which the town of Ninety-Six
was the capital, I feel that I ought to insert the. following le-
gend, which accounts for the origin of the name. ‘This was
written for the history of Abbeville, but I feel sure that the
reader will not regret its insertion here, as Edgefield and Abbe-
ville were once parts ot the same great district.

There is always a reason for the names of places. A place
is either named after some eminent man or woman, or it is im-
ported by the settlers of a new place and given to it through a
fond recollection of their old home, and a desire to carry the
name with them if they cannot carry the place. In this way
only recently a Newberry has sprung up in Florida; in this way
Newberry itself was brought from England and planted here;
in this way Abbeville derived its name, and it is a good one,
pleasant in sound, pleasant in fact, and must have been very
dear to those good Huguenots who brought it with them from
the vine clad hills of France.

There are many Indian names of places, and rivers, and
streams, of which Saluda is one, all over the State. I would
that there were more; but Ninety-Six is not one, it is very de-
cidedly English. Ramsay does not tell us its origin; nor does
any other history with which I am acquainted. I donot think
that I have ever seen the story in print, though surely it ought
to have been, and may have been long ago. It was told to me
as a legend or tradition when I was quite young. J remember
crossing Eighteen Mile Creek and, I believe, Twenty-three
Mile Creek, and hearing the names of others when they were
given to me when the story was told. Shall I tell the story,
or try to tell it here? I feel sure that I shall marit in the
telling; but as it gives name to Ninety-Six, as well as other
localities on the route, it must be told. It is a story of love,
of the love of a beautiful Indian maiden devoted to the welfare
and safety of her white lover, who was at that time many
miles distant from her. She wanted to give warning of the
approach of danger, as Pocahontas gave warning to the
English of a threatened attack upon Jamestown. This Indian
maiden, whose home was in the neighborhood of Fort Prince
George—Keowee—of the tribe of the Cherokees, learning of a
408 HISTORY OF EDGEFIFLD.

contemplated attack upon the white settlements below, which
were then very weak, and among whom was her chosen youth,
determined to give them warning. Learning of the time fixed
for the departure of the braves, she anticipated it by a few
hours; passed over the ninety-six miles which lay between
Keowee and her destination in less than twenty-four hours,
gave the necessary warning, and saved the settlement from de-
struction. ‘The place at the end of her journey has ever since
been called Ninety-Six in commemoration of her heroic deed,
and her name is kept alive in the thoughts and memories of
men by Leing used as the natne of a hotel, or house of rest for
weary travellers at Anderson. It is a soft, sweet name like
many others used by the Southern Indians. The very soul of
music aud of poetry breathes through many of them. Her
natne was Chiquola, and surely a weary traveller could sleep
well in a house having such a euphonious title. Of the after
life and fate of this hercic Indian maiden, the story relates
nothing.

Such is the sweet poetic legend that I have always heard
connected with Ninety-Six, andas having given it name. And
yet, in spite of all poetic sentiment, the name was changed by
Act of the General Assembly on the 8th of March, 1787, to
Cambridge. The words of the Act are as follows:

“Be it enacted, That from and immediately after the passing
of this Act, the town heretofore called by the name of 96
shall be known and called by the name of Cambridge and no
other; any law, usage, or custom to the contrary notwith-
standing. JOHN LLOYD,

President of the Senate.

JOHN JULIUS PRINGLE,

Speaker of the House of Representatives.”’

 

As Cambridge it continued to be the capital and seat of jus-
tice of an extensive territory, which continued to be known as
Ninety-Six District until it was cut up into the counties of
Edgefield, Abbeville, Newberry, Laurens, Spartanburg, and
Union. As Cambridge it became a seat of learning (having
a chartered college) and intelligence, of wealth and influence.
As Cambridge it was the home of some eminent lawyers, who
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 409

became judges and men of great influence in the State for
mauy years. As Cambridge it was a beautiful and flourishing
place for some years. But now, in spite of legislative enact-
ment, it is almost forgotten that the name Cambridge was ever
used. The town has vanished, leaving only the fragments of
a house or two to mark the spot, and a few large oaks to shade
it. These, too, have disappeared, as I have been told, since I
wrote the above sentence, and nothing now appears to show
that Cambridge ever was. The name Ninety-Six still clings
to it, though transferred to the new town on the G. &.C.
Railroad, which runs near.

ANNE KENNEDY.

I hope, in fact I know, that the readers of the History of
Edgefield will not be sorry to see the following anecdote in-
serted here. It belongs to the History of the State, but did
not come to the knowledge of the writer until about the close
of the year 1896, or the beginning of 1897. I hope to see it
inserted in a future edition of that work—Chapman’s History
of South Carolina. The anecdote is related by Mr. D. H.
Russell, of Anderson, a great-grandson of the heroine.

At the time the incident occurred Anne Kennedy was about
18 years of age, and lived at Hamilton’s Ford, on Broad River,
in York District. The Tories came to her father’s house to
burn it. She was sitting carding wool rolls to make clothes
for her father and brothers, who were with Sumter. The
band stopped in the yard and one of them went in the house
and picked up a chunk of fire to set the house on fire. She
seized the intruder and proved to be the stronger and more
powerful, and succeeded in forcing him to the edge of the
piazza. And getting him by the collar and by the seat of his
pants, she threw him headlong into the yard. He was so en-
raged that he seized his gun to shoot her, but the others were
so amused at a woman’s handling him so easily that they pre-
vented him from doing it. In the scuffle he pressed the chunk
of fire against her left wrist to force her to release her hold,
but she would not let go. The scar remained on her wrist
through life, and she carried it with her to her grave. She
died in 1836, and is buried in Anderson County.

“My great-grandfather,’’ says Mr. Russell, in communicat-
AIO HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

ing these facts, ‘‘lived until I was 12 years old, and I
have often heard him relate the story, and have also frequently
heard it from my grandfather. On my way home from the
surrender in 1865 I passed through York County and spent a
night with her nephew, Kennedy Hamilton, who reported the
story to me and the next morning sent his son Robert with me
to see the site where the house stood on a high hill overlooking
Broad River.”’

COTTON IN 1808-1818-1819-1820-1822 and 1824.

Here is a copy of an old letter giving price of cotton in 1808.
The letter is addressed to Major Zack S. Brooks, Edgefield
District, by his negro man, Saint:

“CHARLESTON, 15 Dec’m, 1808.
“Major Zack S. Erooks, Sir:

“We have the pleasure of acknowledging the receipt of
yours, dated the 8th instant, consigning us Fifteen Bales of
Cotton weighing forty-fix hundred and seventy-nine pounds,
and we have herewith enclosed yuu the weight of each bale of
cotton for your information, wherein you will find that we
have noted the eight bales of Mrs. Brooks. It being imipossi-
ble to procure your limits for your cotton at present, for the
very primest and best qualities of cotton is selling at eleven
cents per fb., have in consequence thercof put your cotton in
store, and shall wait your further instructions as to the sale.
We have sent in conformity to your order sundry store goods,
amounting to Fifty-five pounds, Eleven Shillings, and Six
pence, which is at your debit we wish them safe to hand and
that they may be perfectly to your liking. You will find that
we omitted sending to you the Six Barrels of Salt, which is in
consequence of the advance in price which has taken place on
this article. It cannot be procured at present under 5s. rod.
per Barrel in our market. We therefore was of opinion that
you would have rather been without this article as we sent
you a waggon load not long since. Mr. A. Deliard did not
leave a Tobacco not with us as you expected or we should
have attended to your instructions.

““We are Respectfully Sir,
“Your Ob’t. Servants,
“JOHN anp CHAS. BULOW.”
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 411

Here is a copy of another old letter giving prices of cotton
aud other things ten years later. This letter is addressed to
Mr. Jonathan Weaver, Edgefield District, S. C.:

‘CHARLESTON, Nov. 25th, 1818.
“Mr. Jonathan Weaver.

“DEAR Sir: Within is the sales of your cotton, which we
hope will please. We also send you agreeable to your order,
as by the within bill, which we hope will also please you.

‘‘The price of West India Rum was One dollar 20 cents, and
it being only 3 proof, and 4th Proof Jamaica being only $1.45,
‘we were under the impression that it would suit° you best, be-
cause in addition to the rum being better than W. I. it is
cheaper, because it will bear much nore water.

‘‘The balance of two hundred and forty-two g1-100 dollars
remains in our hands subject to your order when called for, as
we had no instructions what to do with it.

“Cotton is at present 29, but we are not certain how long.
It will be lower, as it is continually declining in price.

‘‘We are under the impression that it will come down to 25
or 26 cents, but that it will eventually rise again: we think
that it may in the spring command 30, but that is uncertain;
it is only our opinion.

‘Groceries of almost every description are high: Sugar, 14c.
Tb; Molasses, 65c. @ 68; Coffee, 35¢., 3734; Coarse woolens are
high; Fine woolens and cotton goods much as iast season.

“Weare, Dear Sir, with sentiments of respect and esteem,
your obedient humble servants,

“BOYCE & JOHNSTON.”

 

One year later, December 1st, 1819, I find that cotton was
considerably lower than the prices paid by Messrs. Boyce &
Johnston.

The original bill now lying before me shows that John
Abney, on the 1st December, 1819, sold to Charles O’ Neale 6
bales of cotton, total weight 1908 pounds, 1534 cents per
pound, amounting to $295.74. And 5 bales of cotton, total
weight, 1574 pounds, at 16 cents per pound, making
$244.5134.

The reader will note that the prices paid by John and
412 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

Charles Bulow was a few years before the war of 1812 with
Great Britian. After the war prices were high and again went
down as with us after the War of Secession.

From a letter from Charles O’Neale to John Abney, Esq.,
dated Charleston, June 13th, 1820, I learn that cotton at that
date was worth in Ckarleston money 17%, in Bank of Darien,
Ga., money 18 cents per pound.

And in a letter from the same to the same, dated Charles-
ton, 4th September, 1822, it is stated that ‘‘prime old cotton
is selling at 12%cts—very good 11cts—inferior 9 @ 1octs—I
ani under the impression that now if prime will open @ 12% @
13cts—perhaps a few bales that first comes in may rate some
higher—I do not think it a safe article to deal in without you
could lay it down here at 12%cts.’’

Then follows a bill for bagging and rope:

Mr. John Abney, Jun.
To Charles O’Neale.
To 4 Ps. Cotton Bagging, 42 in—

 

61—60—60—62, 243 yds., @ 4534 cts. - $106.31 4
1 Coil rope, 691b@i14... . ef ek 9.66
$115.9774

And a little later I find cotton from this part of Edgefied
finding a market nearer home than Charleston—price a little
better than in September, 1822.

The original bill now lies betore me, dated

HAMBURG, JAN. 14, 1824.
Sproull & Pinchback.
Bot of Matthew Coleman.

 

 

1 Bal Cotton C. C. 335==2=333lbs.c. 13 77-l00. . 2... $ 45.85
Io “ ‘© 3249=20=3229=@ 1377-100. .. . 444.63
; $490.48
Dediuctimending’ wa aA ee a oS 62 38
$490.10

Hamburg was a new town ten or fifteen years old when this
cotton was sold there. This, I suppose, must be the same
William Pinchback mentioned in the Annals of Newberry,
page 120, new edition. Judge O’Neall says of him that he
was one of the old inhabitants of Newberry, and that he built
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 413

the corner house on Caldwell and Boyce streets, once occupied
by Mr. Bierfield as a hotel. He came to Newberry from
Chester, in 1810 or 1811—was a cabinet maker by trade, but
became a merchant, and like Pratt and Boyce, made one or
more trips North, carrying out cotton and returning with mer-
chandise. He removed to Charleston and there did business
as a cotton speculator and realized a fortune in 1825. He
afterwards lived many years in Abbeville District, and there
owned a large and valuable plantation. He finally moved to
Mississippi, where he died in 1848, leaving neither wife nor
children. His large estate went, of course, to the nearest of
kin.
PRICES MARCH 3RD, 1821.

And here again is another old bill, the original of which
now lies before me, showing the prices of such articles a good
many years ago:

AvuGusta, March 3rd, 1821.
Mr. John Abney.
Bot of Crayton & Sloan.

 

C Plough Molds, 51lbs,@.7......2.. $ 3.57
1 Coil rope, 54fbs,@.14....... fbb 7.56
2 Ve PANES 6-5) a > oe: eh ae Se es OS 1.00
sors Sugar. <a. lati cance wy ace 3.15
20 “Coffee 2.2 2. saves is » 6.25
PEDABSTR GR, foe. QoGen ee aba ~ ees 25

$21.78

Recevd Payment,
P. E. DUNCAN.

I hope the reader will not regret the space taken up by
these old accounts, nor the time consumed in readingthem. I
confess that I have a weakness this way, in that I take great
pleasure in looking over old letters and papers sixty, seventy,
or a hundred years old. I have an old letter written in 1783
to a gentleman in Charlesten about the collection of rent then
due on a house in the city, and telling how to proceed.

THE FIRES OF EDGEFIELD.

On the morning of the 30th of October, 1881, the business
part of the town of Edgefield was laid in ashes. Just three
years thereafter, wanting a few days, October 21st, the same
part of the town was again burned. Only one of the new
414 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

buildings erected after the fire of 1881 was saved. That was
Mr. Alvin Hart’s.

Again, a little less than eight years, a third fire, the most
disastrous and destructive of all swept the town. This last fire
occurred on the night of Thursday 21st of January, 1892, at
about half past eleven o’clock. The flames were first discov-
ered bursting from the deep and wide basement of the old
Masonic Hall, in which was the Advertiser printing and pub-
lishing office. Soon almost the entire population of the town,
whites and black, male and female, were upon the square.
There was but little wind, and the flames from the burning
building shot straight upwards towards the sky.

The buildings West of the Hall could not be saved, and all
efforts were centered upon saving the Folk law office and the
new McHugh building at the lower end of Park Row. These
were saved; Park Row was saved—the Farmer’s Loan and
Savings Bank; the Chronicle office and the two new Butler
stores. By half past twelve Dr. Parker’s dental office and
Abney’s old law office, in which this writer has passed many
pleasant hours, were entirely gone. And now the flames
swept the entire East end of the old Ryan Hotel, which was
of wood. ‘The young people were dancing a German in this
house, and the young men, as soon as the alarm of fire was
raised, and it was known that the hotel would burn set to work
and moved out the new and handsome furniture of Major
Anderson.

The jail was saved by hard and faithful work, the colored
men were ahead in this work and strove with the greatest zeal
and intrepidity. Soon the roof was thoroughly wetted and
covered with wet blankets, and the jail was saved.

The Ryan Hotel, the old Gray house, the Whittaker Hotel,
the contiguous wooden buildings at the corner of the square,
the old Bryan brick store (Kearsey saloon), the large brick
building, owned by Mr. D. A. Tompkins, were all swept
away.

In reading the accounts of this fire, as published in the
papers at the time, it is surprising to find so little insurance on
the property destroyed. The citizens must have felt that they
were surely exempt from the ordinary calamities by fire. On
Masonic Hall and the Edgefield Advertiser there was no insur-
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 415

ance—loss, $13,000; nothing saved; owned by Thomas J. Adams.

Mr. L. E. Jackson, with a stock of goods valued at $2,500,
had insurance for $1,000.

Dr. Parker had no insurance—loss $2,000 or more. Upon
the Ryan Hotel there was insurance to the amount of $4,000.

Mrs. Whittaker, the owner of the old Gray House, had no
insurance.

Governor J. C. Sheppard, owner of the corner store, had
$500 on it.

Major R. S. Anderson of the Hotel had $1,000 on his furni-
ture.

Mr. J. A. Bennett, owner of the old Bryan brick store, had
$500 on it.

Upon the large brick building of Mr. D. A. Tomkins near
the jail there was no insurance.

J. H. Paul & Co’s. saloon lost about $800, no insurance.

The losers went to work immediately and Edgefield will
soon be more prosperous and better looking than ever.

THE PINE HOUSE.

The Pine House, or Piney Woods Houssz, is one of those old
historical landmarks that has been known in the county for
considerably over one hundre.* years, in fact ever since before
the Revolutionary War. It was then called the Piney Woods
House. If I am not mistaken it has been in the ownership of
the Bettis family ever since a period anterior to the Revolu-
tionary War. They were probably the first settlers and
owners. Onthe 17th of March, 1893, Benjamin W. Bettis,
the patriarch of the Pine House passed away at the advanced
age of eighty-two years. Surely it must have been a happy
home with pleasant surroundings to hold one through a long
lifé of upwards of eighty years. There are very few who pass
through so many years and die at the place on which they
were born. Life to such fortunate persons must learn at last
to glide on like a calm and placid dream and death at the end
is a waking up rather than a dropping to sleep. The writer
aud compiler of this history sometimes grows sentimental and
yields placidly to the mood and feels like letting time and tide
flow on and on forever and do nothing himself but simply glide
along.
416 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

Trenton, a railroad town built near the Pine House, is a
lively, thrifty little place, but the writer of this book once
passed a dreary five hours there waiting for the train from
Augusta, and there he avenged himself writing some doggerel
verses which he thought of printing here, but does not.

EDGEFIELD VILLAGE.

Pursuant toan Act of the General Assembly, passed the
14th day of March, 1795, establishing county courts and reg-
ulating the proceedings therein, the following Justices, ap-
pointed and duly qualified, for the County of Edgefield, met at
Edgefield Court House on the second Monday, being the rith
day of July, 1785, and proceeded to the appointment of a Clerk
as directed by law. Justices present, Leroy Hammond, Ar-
thur Simkins, John Pervis, Benjamin Tutt, John Moore, and
William Anderson.

The Justices constituing a quorum, unanimously appointed
Robert Stark to be Clerk of the County Court, who took the
oath required by law. The County Court continued to hold
sessions at Edgefield Court House until abolished by the Act
of 1799.

The first court of General Sessions held at Edgefield Court
House, as shown by the journal in the Clerk’s office for Edge-
field, (then District) met agreeable to law on Monday the 24th
day of March, 1800. Present his ‘‘Honor Lewis Trezevant,
Esq.”’

The Court ordered the commission of his Honor published,
read, and to be entered on record. The commissions of
Sampson Butler, Sheriff, and Richard Tutt, Clerk, were also
read and ordered to be recorded. These officers had pursuant
to law drawn on the 22nd day of February, 1800, the grand
and petit jurors. Previous to the Act of 1799 the Court of
General Sessions was held at Cambridge in the old Ninety-Six
District from its establishment in 1769 to 180.
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 417”

CLERKS OF COURT FROM 1788 TO 1853.

George Pope...  . 1788-1800
Re Putts 6 ae a-ak 1800-1808
Stan. Butler... .. 1808-1814
M.Mims... . . 1814-1822
Daniel Byrd... ... 1822-1830
J. A. Richardson. . . . 1830-1834
H. Boulware... . 1834-1836

George Pope ..... 1836-1844
Thos. G. Bacon . . - 1844-1860

‘John B. Hill. .

S. Harrison... ... 1860-1868
A.Rimsy ....., 1868-1872
W.D. Ramsy..... 1872-1874
Jesse Jones (col.) - 1874-1876
O. Y. Cheatham. . . . 1876-1884

B. E. Nicholson, 1884 to Mar., 1885
D. R. Durisoe, March, 1885, to 1888
J.C. Williams. 2... 1888-1892
- 1892-

ORDINARIES AND PROBATE JUDGES FROM 1795 TO 1892.

ORDINARIES. PROBATE JUDGES.
R, Tutt. 6 as + «1795-1803 D. L. Turver. . . 1868-1874
John Simkius . - 1803-1833 A. N. Baney (col.) - 1875-1876
J. Richardson - 1833-1835 L. Charlton. . . . 1876-1880
O. Towles. ...... 1835-1844 L. P. Covar. ..... 1880-1882
John Hill. . - 1844-1851 W. F. Roath . 1882-1888
H. T. Wright 1851-1855 J.D. Allen... . 1888-
W.F. Durisoe. . . . . 1855-1868
SHERIFFS.

The list of Sheriffs as given me is imperfect and imcomplete, nor are

the times of service given in all cases.

The earlier Sheriffs were Wm.

Thurmond, James Butler, Edmund Belcher.

W.H.Moss..... . 1836-1840
S. Christie . . . 1840-1844
H. Boulware 1844-1848
S. Christie . 1848-1852

Lewis Jones. . . 1852-1856

Isaac Bowles was appointed Sheriff after the war.
Walls resigned and the negro Coroner named Car-

ceeded him in 1868.

James Eidson ..... 1856-1860
Wm. Spires... - 1860-
John T. Gaston . . 1876- 1880
W.H. Outzs . 1892-

Hardy Walls suc-

roll filled the office until the appointment of J. A. Richardson.
COMMISSIONERS IN EQUITY AND MASTERS.

Whitfield Brooks, James Terry, Arthur Simkins, Z. W. Carwile, S. S.
Tomkins—W. F. Roath, Master, who is now, 1892, in office.
418 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

XXXV.

The seven company rolls following are from the original
rolls as the companies were raised and formed in 1861 and
1862, and were kindly copied and sent to me by Mr. J. R.
Wright, of Ninety-Six:

NINETY-SIX RIFLEMEN.

Thomas G. Bacon, Captain; Elbert Bland, First Lieutenant;
Stewart Harrison, Second Lieutenant; J. A. Bland, Third
Lieutenant; James A. Dozier, First Sergeant; M. B. Weaver,
Second Sergeant; H. W. Addison, Third Sergeant; M. Miles,
Fourth Sergeant; John Carwile, Fifth Sergeant; Moses Harris,
First Corporal; R. Gregory, Second Corporal; T. Vaughn,
Third Corporal; R. Cogburn, Fourth Corporal; Daniel Chris-
tian, Fifth Corporal; Charles Mathis, Sixth Corporal.

PRIVATES.

J. F. Adams, J. Allman, J. E. Bacon, A. Broadwater, W. S.
Boyce, A. Burt, J. Busby, H. Cato, J. Carpenter, L. Clark,
W.M. Clark, J. B. Courtney, J. P. Courtney, Wm. Clark,
Wardlaw Covar, W. Crawford, G. Crawford, R. M. Cogburn,
E. T. Davis, J. Earley, M. Eidson, L. Gomillion, M. Glover,
J. Grissom, M. Grice, 5. B. Griffin, B. Grice, J. B. Harris,
Alfred Hatcher, W. E. Hobbes, E. Holsonbake, L. Holson-
bake, J. B. Hodges, J. T. Hagood, L. S. Johnson, G. John-
son, Harmon Kisic, J. Long, W. R. Long, M. B. Lyles, Mike
Lebeschultz, W. Lott, W. Littleton, B. F. Lovelace, J. C.
Lovelace, B. F. Mayer, P. B. McDaniel, S. McDaniel, J.
Mayer, S. Murphy, J. A. Nicholson, J. Oftman, T. D. Padgett,
J. H. Prescott, Nat. Ramey, H. Ripley, Simkins Riddle, B. J.
Ryan, B. Y. Ryan, J. D. Ramey, John Rinehart, F. E. Ran-
dall, E. W. Randall, E. Seibles, Thos. Stevenson, B. F. Smith,
J. S. Salter, J. Sherley, L. Sheppard, L. W. Snelgrove, Ar-
thur Swearengin, Eldred Swearengin, John Swearengin, Lark
Swearengin, Richard Swearengin, T. Toney, H. Turner, L. B.
Wever, R. Willing, J. W. Whitlock, W. Whitlock, H. W.
Whitman, J. Woolsey, H. H. Prescott. Privates, 84; officers,
15; total, 99.
HISTORY OF EDGEVPIELD. 4t9

CHEROKEE PONDS GUARDS.

Robert Meriwether, Captain; A. P. Butler, First Lieutenant;
D. L. Shaw, Second Lieutenant; Jos. Meriwether, Third Liew--
tenant; W. T. Scott, First Sergeant; M. Medlock, Second Ser~
geant; J. J. Lanier, Third Sergeant; B. W. Johnson, Fourthr
Sergeant; J. W. Walker, Fifth Sergeant; George Samuell,,
First Corporal; J. A. Crowder, Second Corporal; W. T. Gard-.
ner, Third Corporal; T. J. Howard, Fourth Corporal; H. N.
Blease, Fifth Corporal; C. Pardee, Sixth Corporal.

PRIVATES.

T. L. Anderson, F. M. Brown, Robert Burtoti, Edward
Blease, L. W. Bartee, W. V. Bartee, H. G. Collins, M. Caili-
ham, R. J. Crafton, J. J. Crafton, Thomas Curry, W. L.
Curry, J. S. Day, Julius Day, Jr., J. M. Davis, George De-
laughter, A. Dow, Gary Floyd, Walker Floyd, Hazel Floyd,
T. J. Green, fT. W. Green, W. H. Hightower, G. W. Han-
cock, D. OG. Hancock, John Holly, Jasper Holly, Andrew.
Holly, Calvin Holly, M. G. Hitt, J. F. Johnson, P. B. Kisic,
R. J. Lanham, W. O. Morgan, E. O. Morgan, W. J. Morris,
W. H. Meriwether, Joel McClendon, Jr., J. M. Marran, J. E.
A. Martin, E. McClendon, J. C. Mayes, Whit. Mays, Samuel
Mays, R. T. Owen, Thos. Sharpton, W. C. A. Shaw, Robert
Samuel, A. Smith, J. M. Thurmond, R. H. Williams. Pri-
vates, 51; officers, 15; total, 66.

This company became, I think, Company “‘G,’’ First Regi-
ment—-Colonel Gregg; first Captain, A. P. Butler; last, Captain
Holloway. .

DENNY COMPANY.

Volunteer company from the lower Battalion, Tenth Regi-
ment, South Carolina Militia:

David Denny, Captain; Thomas L. Smith, First Lieutenant;
‘' W. A. Rutland, Second Lieutenant; E. J. Goggans, Third
Lieutenant; A. S. Dozier, First Sergeant; J. R. Bouknight,
Second Sergeant; J. C. McCelvy, Third Sergeant; Marshal
Lott, Fourth Sergeant; B. B. Duke, Fifth Sergeant; James
Mitchell, First Corporal; James M. Daniel, Second Corporal;
Pinkney Bouknight, Third Corporal; David Padgett; Fourth
‘Corporal; M. W. Coleman, Fifth Corporal; W. G. Denny,
Sixth Corporal.
420 HISTORY OF EDGEHFIELD.

PRIVATES.

G. W. Denny, David Sheppard, J. D. Herlong, 5. J. Bouk-
aight, M. D. Padgett, W. W. Smith, Levy Bedenbaugh,
William Etheredge, M. B. Watson, J. R. Padgett, Emanuel
Padgett, B. F. Sample, Hilary Crouch, Hiram Duncan, Ar-
thur Davis, D. D. W. McCarty, J. C. H. Rauch, W. E.
Sample, William Ridlehoover, J. B. Suddath, William Saddler,
Edward Mitchell, A. W. Denny, W. A. Watson, J. T. Van-
sant, J. H. Watson, F. M. Rogers, Paul Mitchell, John Perry,
James J. Denny, W. M. Stewart, M. G. McGhee, Eldred
Whittle, T. B. Crouch, William Etheredge, George Martin,
Woah Etheredge, G. D. Henson, A. L. Wyse, R. T. Jones,
A. S. Bouknight, W. L. Parker, E. A. Perry, John Inabenet,
James Goodwin, J. T. Bedenbaugh, A. Gibson, T. A. Mer-
chant, Tillman Sawyer, W. J. Cooner, Thomas Whittle, W. D.
Cameron, William Leapard, C. W. Hues, J. R. Pou, John
McClendon, Benjamin Harris, William Goodwin, Jacob Gib-
son, Willis Crouch, T. L. Story, J. H. Smith, W. A. Hardy,
N. F. Corley, Caleb Etheredge, J. M. Corley, J. B. Ridgwell,
P. P. Spann, J. L. Crouch, W. J. Gunter, Joshua Clarke,
john Pou, J. H. Spann, L. A. Smith, J. L. Watson, J. A.
Clarke, W. Mathis, B. R. Smith, William Sawyer, S. P.
Linler, W. A. Mitchell, J. J. Jones, William Harris, E. L.
McCarty, M. A. Whittle, Thomas Berry, R. R. Grigsby,
Jacob Hirett. Privates, 88; officers, 15; total, 103.

Captain Denny was too old for active service; in a short
time he resigned. His company was too large and was divided
into two. Company M Seventh Regiment, E. J. Goggans,
Captain, and Company E of the Seventh Regiment, Jaines
Mitchell, Captain. The rolls of these companies appear in
this book.

EDGEFIELD RIFLEMEN.

Cicero Adains, Captain; H. Rufus Dean, First Lieutenant;
W. J. Ready, Second Lieutenant; E. S. Mims, Third Lieuten-
ant; W. H. Brunson, First Sergeant, Orderly; Jacob Young-
blood, Second Sergeant; Tillman Watson, Jr., Third Sergeant;
Joseph C. Jones, Fourth Sergeant; J. Wade Johnson, Fifth
Sergeant; Lewis Coleman, First Corporal; W. P. James,
Second Corporal; N. L. Griffin, Third Corporal; W. L. Burt,
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 421

Fourth Corporal; A. P. Butler, Fifth Corporal; C. L. Miles,
Sixth Corporal.

PRIVATES.

Joseph M. Abney, William H. Abney, O. H. P. Burton,
T. H. Bryan, W. D. Bryan, J. J. Bryan, T. C. Banks, John
Bridwell, Jas. C. Brooks, Joseph Brunson, R. S. Brunson,
J. W. L. Bartley, W. S. Covar, C. L. Covar, C. D. Covar,
J. L. Covar, W. A. Christie, Clarke S. Corley, James A.

Colgan, C. A. Cheatham, W. H. Casey, J. T. Casey, H. D.

Crooker, W. F. Durisoe, Jr., C. 1, Durisoe, Preston’ DeLoach,
W. B. Eidson, J. J. Eidson, John T. Gray, C. H. Goodwin,
R. B. Hughes, John Jennings, B. A. Jones, T. A. Jones,
G. B. Lake, Felix Lake, F. A. Murrell, M. T.. McHenry,
J. W. McCullough, D. F. McEwen, M. A. Markert, J. P.
Moss, Jesse McGhee, J. E. Morgan, B. E. Nicholson, James
Paul, A. M. Perrin, Pressley M. Prater, James Ramsay, John
A. Rambo, W. D. Ramey, Samuel Ready, J. D. Roper, P. EK
B. Bryan, Robert Stalnaker, W. R. Spann, B. T. Swearengin,
J. C. Swearengin, S. W. Sullivan, J. A. Sease, Thomas L.
Steadhem, J. M. Thurmond, C. W. Winn, H. Winn, 8.
White, A. G. Woodruff, J. M. Youngblood. Privates, 67;
officers, 15; total, 82.

NINTH REGIMENT MILITIA.

Company from Upper Battalion, Ninth Regiment, South
Carolina Militia:

B. M. Talbert, Captain; J. F. Burress, First Lieutenant;
H. G. Seigler, Second Lieutenant; J. L. Talbert, Third Lieu-
tenant; W. T. West, First Sergeant; O. T. Culbreath, Second
Sergeant; W. N. Martin, Third Sergeant; J. W. Cheatham,
Fourth Sergeant; W. H. Rush, Fifth Sergeant; C. M. Calhoun,
First Corporal; J. W. Franks, Second Corporal; W. M.
Reynolds, Third Corporal; John Sentell, Fourth Corporal;
T. TI. Wilhite, Fifth Corporal; J. H. Sanders, Sixth Corporal.

PRIVATES.

B. O. Adams, C. M. Burress, J. E. Blake, P. Barden, H. J.
Bird, R. A. Cochran, W. F. Capeheart, H. H. Clay, Johu
Culbreath, G. R. Coleman, W. L. Coleman, J. A. Cartledge,
A. Deal, James Deal, James Devore, E. S. Devore, J. W.
422 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

Devore, J. W. Delaughter, John Gable, E. Hamilton, G. A.
Hamilton, William Hollingsworth, E. Hollingsworth, J. T.
Henderson, T. S. Henderson, G. W. Johnson, W. B.
Kemp, L. M. Lanier, O. W. Lanier, C. H. Limbecker,
J. L. Lockridge, E. H. Lagroon, W. Littleton, T. J.
Miller, T. W. Morgan, W. W. McKinnie, Lyles Motes,
James Picket, W. E. Quattlebaum, A. M. Quarles,
J. T. Rampey, J. P. Rush, J. C. Reynolds, J. H. Rutledge,
T. J. Rountree, O. S. Sentell, D. Stalnaker, J. R. Stalnaker,
B. F. Stalnaker, G. S. Stalnaker, G. W. Strom, P. H. Strom,
S. B. Strom, T. W. Shadrack, G. J. Sheppard, T. M. Seigler,
S. D. Shibley, Wiley Timmerman, F. L. Timmerman, G. H.
Timmerman, GC. W.. Thurmond, John ‘White, Jr., W. G.
White, R. M. Winn, William Yeldell. Privates, 65; officers,
15; total, 80.

NINTH REGIMENT MILITIA.

Company from Lower Battalion, Ninth Regiment, South
Carolina Militia:

W. F. Prescott, Captain; J. P. Nixon, First Lieutenant;
Benjamin Roper, Second Lieutenant; S. B. Blocker, Third
Lieutenant; H. C. Garrett, First Sergeant; Wyat Holmes,
Second Sergeant; Wm. Holmes, Third Sergeant; G. W.
Morgan, Fourth Sergeant; William Holson, Fifth Sergeant;
I, M. Broadwater, First Corporal; L. J. Miller, Second Cor-
poral; J. H. Lanier, Third Corporal; S. G. Merriwether, Fourth
Corporal; N. L. Brunson, Fifth Corporol; Thomas M. Cratton,
Sixth Corporal.

PRIVATES,

James A. Mathis, Charles Hammond, Daniel Briggs, W. A.
Garrett, C. F. Hammond, R. G. Hammond, S. T. Brunson,
P. M. Thurmond, Jos. Holliday, Philip Boyd, E. N. Bartly,
W. G. Coleman, J. C. Strom, David W. Thomas, T. N.
Pressley, W. B. Hughes, Whit. Jennings, Thomas Strom,
A. H. Burt, J. N. Griffin, William Wash, W. A. B. Newson,
A. Howard, R. O. Hovia, N. Merriwether, J. Prince, J. S.
Sharpton, P. B. Hanson, G. W. Holson, James Wood, A.
Holson, T. Irvins, F. W. Treat, L. E. Holmes, Jasper Mc-
Daniel, Thomas M. Colier, James A. Bussey, Sherrad Holmes,
Wm. H. Mathis, Wm. H. Bussey, John Prince, F. Corley,
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 423

N. G. Broadwater, John H. Terry, L. F. Sharpton, J. C.
Henderson, H. Wood, George Martin, Charles Glanton, John
Briggs, T. Halliday, John C. Collins, R. D. Brunson, B. B.
Burton, B. B. Johnson, John Cason, Thomas Mathis, Robert
Brooks, Roland Terry, J. H. Burdit, S. Stalnaker. Privates,
61; officers, 15; total, 76.

This company is, I suppose, the germ or the original of
Company “I,’’ Seventh Regiment, South Carolina Volunteers.
In another place appears the roll of that company showing its
condition, as reported by Captain Benjamin Roper, July 23rd,
1862, which roll is on file in the office of the Adjutant and In-
spector General, Columbia, S. C.

EDGEFIELD HUSSARS.

Attached to the Hampton Legion of South Carolina.

M. C. Butler, Captain; J. J. Bunch, First Lieutenant; J. J.
Crafton, Second Lieutenant; J. M. Lanham, Third Lieutenant:
Thomas W. Glover, First Sergeant; J. M. Wise, Second Ser-
geant; F. L, Butler, Third Sergeant; A. J. Anderson, Fourth
Sergeant; P. M. Butler, Fifth Sergeant; J. B. Ryan, First
Corporal; F. B. Walker, Second Corporal; W. A. Glover,
Third Corporal; N. L. Griffin, Fourth Corporal; J. L. Nichol-
son, Fifth Corporal; J. Wesley Barr, Chaplain; Alex. Ruther-
ford, Farrier; M. A. Markert, Bugler.

PRIVATES.

S. D. Adams, W. J. Adams, Wm. Bolton, Wm. A. Batche-
lor, J. C. Brice, Moses: Bruce, A. P. Butler, E. J. Butler, Har-
rison Butler, J. P. Bryan, F. M. Cheatham, J. W. Chipley,
J. S. Cotes, John Colgan, Randal Croft, Robert C. Crafton,
John Crawford, T. H. Clark, S. C. Deal, S. P. DeLoach, J. J.
Eidson, Wm. Frazier, C. B. Glover, M. O. Glover, Wm.
Golding, Wade Hampton, Jr., T. P. Hampton, E. W. ‘Hen-
derson, Jones, Jno. Kennerly, D. P. Lagrone, John
Lyon, J. W. Lagrone, W. W. Lanham, W. P. McKie, Wit-
field Martin, J. J. Mealing, W. E. Middleton, N. W. Miller,
Ruldolphus Niernsee, B. F. Ouzts, Oglesby, W. M.
Rhine, Jno. Riley, James Robertson, L. L. Roper, J. H.
Ross, C. C. Singleton, Richard Singleton, T. L. Stark, J. W.
Swearengin, T. N. Talbert, T. H. Thacker, Charles Thomas,
T. W. Vaughn, Jas. Wells, Richard Ward, Jno. Ward, M. B.

 

 
424 HISTORY OF EDGEFIKLD.

Ward, H. Winn, Geo. Wise, John B. Watts. Privates, 63;
officers, 17; total, 80.

This company was afterwards known as Company ‘‘I,”’
Second Regiment Cavalry, the last Captain of which was T. H.
Clark. <A roll made by Captain Clark since the war is on file
in the Adjutant and Inspector General’s office, and appears
also in this book. Captain Clark, the last captain, is now liv-
ing at Batesburg. M. C. Butler, first captain, United States
Senator,—home at Edgefield.

COMPANY G, FIRST REGIMEN T—GREGG'S.

A. P. Butler, Captain; promoted Major 12th May, 1864;
Lieutenant Colonel 23rd May, 1864; served through. W. H.
Holloway, First Lieutenant; promoted Captain 12th May,
1864; served through. F. W. Andrews, Second Liutenant;
resigned December 1861. T. M. Wellborn, Third Lieutenant;
promoted Second Lieutenant December, 1861; First Lieutenant
12th May, 1864. J. H. King, First Sergeant; elected Second
Lieutenant, April, 1862; resigned 1863. Mark Mathews, Second
Sergeant; promoted First Sergeant April, 1862. W. T. Scott,
Third Sergeant; promoted Second Sergeant April, 1862; First
Sergeant 1862. ‘TI. F. Williams, Fourth Sergeant; promoted
Third Sergeant April, 1862; died 29th September, 1862, of
wounds received at Second Manassas. I. C. Mays, Fifth
Sergeant; promoted Fourth Sergeant April, 1862; Second
Sergeant 1862; killed in battle at Gettysburg July 3rd, 1863.
William J. Delph, First Corporal; promoted Fifth Sergeant
April, 1862; Fourth Sergeant 1862; Sergeant Major 1863.
D. C. Bullock, Second Corporal; furnished substitute Decein-
ber rath, 1861. C. H. Gardiner, Third Corporal; promoted
First Corporal April, 1862; killed on color guard at Manassas
August 29th, 1862. W. L. Durst, Fourth Corporal; promoted
Second Corporal April, 1862; Third Sergeant 29th September,
1862; Second Sergeant 3rd July, 1863; served through.

PRIVATES.

P. O. Ranson, promoted Third Corporal April, 1862; Fifth
Sergeant September 29th, 1862; died of wounds received at
Gettysburg. T. J. Howard, promoted Fourth Corporal April,
1862; discharged 1862. J. C. Tompkins, promoted First Cor-
poral 29th August, 1862; Fourth Sergeant 29th September,
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD, 425

1862; Third Sergeant 3rd July, 1863. J. F. Harling, promoted
Second Corporal 29th September, 1862; Fourth Sergeant 3rd
July, 1863: lived through—Appomatox. J. T. White, pro-
moted Fourth Corporal September 29th, 1862; Fifth Sergeant
3rd July, 1863; served through. T. M. Wilson, promoted
Third Corporal 29th September, 1862. J. B. Rhodes, pro-
moted First Corporal September 29th, 1862; supposed killed at
Chancellorsville May 3rd, 1863. H. W. Holloway, promoted
First Corporal 3rd July, 1863; supposed killed 1864 at Deep
Bottom. G. W. Street, promoted Second Corporal July 3rd,
1863; F. P. Johnson, promoted Third Corporal July 3rd,
1863; L. P. Andrews; Simon Attaway, killed July 3rd, 1863,
at Gettysburg; W. W. Bagwell, transferred to Seventh South
Carolina Volunteers 1862; L. P. Boone; M. Brewer, surren-
dered April, 1865; J. W. Bryant; J. C. Bryant, discharged
1862; I. N. Brunson, lost leg at Second Manassas August
29th, 1862—discharged; E. N. Brunson; J. W. Brooks, died of
wound received at Second Manassas 1862; L. W. Brooks; M. P.
Burnett, died of disease May 18th, 1863; M. C. Burnett, trans-
ferred to Seventh South Carolina Volunteers 1862; H. Burnett,
transferred to Seventh South Carolina Volunteers 1862; G. W.
Blackwell; Peyton Burton; C. L. Burn, missing and supposed
killed at Spottsylvania May, 1864; Cash, transferred to
Company H, First South Carolina Volunteers; I. C. Corley,
died of disease May 28th, 1862; W. V. Corley, surrendered at
Appomattox :865; E. W. Corley, died of disease August 16th,
1862; J. H. Carpenter; A. Chapman, surrendered at Appo-
mattox; J. B. Collins, died of disease 27th July, 1862; Irwin
Clegg, died 31st May, 1864, of wounds at the Wilderness May
5th, 1864; A. J. Clegg; J. M. Carter, died of disease 1864;
J. M. Conally, died of disease December, 1862; W. B. Conally,
surrendered at Appomattox; R. W. Conally, surrendered at
Appomattox; E. R. Cunningham; Wallace J. Delph, promoted
Sergeant Major May 1861; Lieutenant, Company “‘I,’’ 1863;
Captain 23rd May, 1864. R. W. Dorn, killed May rath, 1864,
at Spottsylvania; F. M. L. Duke; J. M. Fry, died of disease
1864; M..Floy, died of disease December 17th, 1863; G. W.
Hancock; J. W. Hastings, died of disease July 1st, 1862; W. P.
Hastings; John Horten, lost leg at Fredericksburg February
13th, 1863; Thomas Hall, died of disease July 6th, 1862;

 
426 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

Jasper Holly, killed in battle at Second Manassas August 29th,
1862; W. H. Holloway, Jr., killed in battle at Second Manassas
August 29th, 1862; R. P. Holloway, surrendered Appomat-
tox 1865; John C. Harris, furnished substitute December, 1861;
L. F. Harris, transferred to Second South Carolina Cavalry;
A. F. Harris; James Hardy; D. W. Jackson, surrendered April,
1865; S. P. Jones, died of disease June 30th, 1862; William
Kennedy; W. G. Kernagham; B. R. Kimbrell, surrendered
April, 1865; John Lamb, killed in battle at Fredericksburg
February 13th, 1863; Barrel Lamb, killed in battle at Fred-
ericksburg February 13th, 1863; John Lane, died of disease
1864; B. L. Minor; William Magill; George H. Maxwell, died
of disease December 23rd, 1861; J. M. Mathews; F. B. Medicis,
deserted 1861; Edmond Mills, killed in the battle of the Wil-
derness May 5th, 1864; R. S. Norris, surrendered April, 1865;
Allen Norris, surrendered April, 1865; J. P. Pate, killed in
battle at Cold Harbor June 27th, 1862; James Parkman; John
Powell, died of disease June 3rd, 1862; B. F. Price, transferred
to Seventh South Carolina Volunteers; J. R. Porter, killed at
Spottsylvania May 12th, 1864; Samuel Porter, killed at Spott-
sylvania May 12th, 1864; T. J. Riley, surrendered April, 1865;
S. M. Ross, served as Courier for General Wilcox part of 1863
and 1864; appointed Sergeant Signal Corps. James F. Lamb,
surrendered Appomattox 1865; E. J. Rhodes; G. W. Richey;
John Richardson; W. A. Sale, killed in battle at Gettysburg
July 3rd, 1863; J. C. Shafer, killed in battle at Gettysburg
July 3rd, 1863; Frank Schwartz, surrendered Appomattox; P.
Spinall; P. Sharpton, lost an arm May 3rd, 1863, at Chancel-
lorsville; J. H. Smith, killed at Cold Harbor June 27th, 1862;
T. J. Smith, died of disease May 21st, 1862; G. W. Smith,
died of wounds received at Chancellorsville May 5th, 1863;
Mark Smith; G. W. Stewart, killed at Jerico Ford May 23rd,
1864; J. S. Stewart, killed August 25th, 1864, at Reams’
Station; W. W. Stewart; T. J. Styron, died of disease May
28th, 1862; G. W. Seiley, killed at Cold Harbor June 27th,
1862; J. L. Taylor, surrendered Appomattox 1865; J. E. Tay-
lor; Wiley Thompson; S. Thompkins, appointed Hospital
Steward 1861; killed at Fredericksburg 1863. J. L. Turner,
losta leg at Gettysburg July 3rd, 1863; T. R. Tate, died
April rst, 1863, of wound received at Fredericksburg 1863;
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 427

J. R. Timmerman, died in Federal prison 1865; W. P. Vines;
T. A. Walker, died May 31st, 1864, of wounds received at
Wilderness May 5th, 1864; M. EK. Walker, killed at Wilderness
May 5th, 1864; T. M. Walker; J. C. Walker; E. G. Walker;
G. M. Walker, died of disease in 1865; James Wooten, died of
disease in 1865; Thomas White, died of disease August, 1864;
J. C. Williams, killed at Cold Harbor June 27th, 1862; H. J.
Williams, kill at Cold Harbor June 27th, 1862; T. H. Wil-
liams, killed at Gettysburg July 3rd, 1863; C. H. Wate, killed
at Gettysburg July 3rd, 1863; I. A. Wate; David Wate, sur-
rendered April, 1865; William Whatley, Milled at Jericho
Ford May 23rd, 1864; W. W. Whatley, died September 9th of
wound received at Manassas August 29th, 1862; Thomas
Weeks, lost a leg at Gettysburg July 3rd, 1863. Total rank
and file, 138. Killed in battle, 26; died of wounds, 9; died of
disease, 19; in Union prison, 1; total, 55.

Loss very heavy, considerably over one-third. This list
was furnished by Colonel A. P. Butler and copied by Sergeant
Major William J. Delph.

COMPANY E, FIRST REGIMENT—GREGG’S.

D. B. Geggans last Captain.

Alexander P. McCarty, Corporal; age twenty-five; killed at
Chancellorsville May 3rd, 1863. Pinkney Bradley, age forty;
discharged at Appomattox. Newton F. Corley, age twenty-
three; discharged at Appomattox. William Hyler, age twenty-
three; abandoned service without leave. John Perry, age
twenty-five; surrendered at Appomattox. Benjamin Perry,
age eighteen; surrendered at Appomattox. Peter B. Ramage,
age twenty-one; died of disease at Fredericksburg, Virginia,
December 1862.

COMPANY H, THIRD REGIMENT.

A. A. Werts, wounded at Savage Station; living. Alfred
Werts, wounded. Jesse Werts, discharged; disabled; living.

As instances of the splendid and heroic bravery of the men
and boys composing the First South Carolina Regiment,
Gregg’s, and as facts in its history I insert the following. The
writer is Theodore Roosevelt in the Cosmopolitan for Decem-
ber 1892.
428 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

GAINES MILL.

‘At the battle of Gaines Mill (Cold Harbor) Gregg’s First
South Carolina Regiment formed part of the attacking force.
The resistance was desperate and the fury of the assault un-
surpassed. At one point it fell to the lot of this Regiment to
bear the brunt of carrying a strong position——-moving forward
at arun, the South Carolinians were swept by a fierce and
consuming fire. Young James Taylor, a lad of sixteen, was
carrying the flag, and was killed after being shot down three
times, twice rising and struggling on with the colors. The
third time he fell the flag was seized by George Cotchett, and
when he in turn fell, by Shubrick Hayne. Hayne also was
struck down almost immediately; and a fourth lad—for none
were over twenty years old—grasped the colors and fell mor-
tally wounded across the body of his friend. The fifth,
Gadsden Holmes, was pierced with no less than seven balls.
The sixth man, Dominick Spellman, more fortunate, but not
less brave, bore the flag throughout the rest of the battle.”

COMPANY E, SEVENTH REGIMENT.

Made by J. B. Suddath and J. C. H. Rauch, Sergeants, from
memory—November 1893. David Denny, Captain; served
one year, resigned; too old. James Mitchell, Captain; served
through the war. Lieutenant W. A. Rutland; killed in battle.
Lieutenant James Pinson. Lieutenant W. J. Denny, killed in
battle. Orderly Sergeant J. C. H. Rauch. Sergeant J. B.
Suddath. Sergeant A. W. Denny. Sergeant M. W. Coleman.
Sergeant Edward Mitchell, killed in battle. Corporal John
Pou, killed in battle. Coporal L. A. Smith, killed in battle.
Corporal U. B. McGee, killed in battle. Corporal Emanuel
Padgett, killed in battle.

PRIVATES.

‘Henry Black; Jacob Black, killed in battle; Paul Black,
Willis Crouch, T. B. Crouch, Hillery Crouch, J. L. Crouch,
Robert Crouch, Milledge Crouch, Eli Crout, J. M. Corle y,
Jacob Corley; Frank Corley, killed in battle; Wm. M. Cooner,
kiled in battle; John Chapman; Robert Cash, killed in battle;
G. W. Denny, died in hospital; J. O. Denny, J. M. Denny,
John Derrick, James Douglas; William Douglas, died during
the war; William Etheredge, Sr., William Etheredge, Jr.,
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 429

Noah Etheredge, Henry C. Etheredge, Joab Edwards; Joseph
Geiger, died during the war; David Geiger, William Goodwin;
Joseph Goff, died during the war; Caleb W. Hughes; John
Inabnet, died during the war; Wright Little, killed in battle;
Alfred Maroney; Luke Lott, died early in the war; Paul
Mitchell, killed in battle; W. A. Mitchell, John Mitchell,
James Minnick, J. W. Merchant; D. D. W. McCarty, died
during the war; John McLendon, killed in battle; Richard
Parson, John R. Pinson, J. Robert Pou, Emri Padgett, Wil-
liam Ridlehoover; Frank Rodgers, killed in battle; Jaines C.
Ramage, died during the war; William Ridgell, died during
the war; John Ridyell, Daniel Ridgell; Thomas Story, died
during the war; G. W. Smith, Louis L. Smith; James H.
Smith, kilied in battle; W. W. Smith, died during the war;
John Shealey, died during the war; Abram Shealey, died
during the war; Adam Shealy, died during the war; W. E.
Sample, died during the war; James Salter, James Thompson;
Joseph Thompson, killed in battle; J. T. Vansant, died during
the war; Washington Venters, M. B. Watson, J. L. Watson,
Nicholas Watson, Riden Walker, William Whittle; John Yar-
brough, died during the war; Michel Yarbrough, died during
the war. Officers, 15; privates, 73; total, 88; killed in battle,
18; died during the war, 22; total, go.

This loss is very heavy.

Elsewhere a copy of the original roll of Capt. David Denny’s
Company is given as it was formed in 1861. At the re-organ-
jzation at the end of the year, Captain Denny, being too old
resigned, and two companies were formed. Company M with
E. J. Goggans Captain, and Company E with James Mitchell
Captain. Captain Denny died long ago. Captain Mitchell
died in 1893; Captain Goggans still lives, November 1893.

COMPANY F, SEVENTH REGIMENT INFANTRY.

This roll was prepared by Lieutenant B. W. Hard, of Gran-
iteville, October 20th, 1883. Many of the names are marked
as from ‘‘Aiken’’ County, a county which had no existence
during the war, so I am compelled to include all in the roll,
whether from Edgefield or elsewhere, as it is impossible for me
to tell who in Aiken went from Barnwell and who from Edge-

field.
430 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

John S. Hard, age 19, Captain, Edgefield; promoted to Major
September, 1862, and killed at Chickamauga. James E.
Rearden, age 23, Captain, Edgefield; killed at Chickamauga;
wounded at Sharpsburg; promoted from Third to Second and
First Lieutenant and Captain. Warren D. Brooks, age 19,
Captain, Edgefield; killed at the Battle of the Wilderness;
promoted from Second Sergeant to Third, Second, and First
Lieutenant and Captain. Benjamin A. McKibbin, age 21,
Captain, Marion; wounded at Cold Harbor; promoted from the
ranks to First Sergeant and Third Lieutenant and Captain.
Thomas F. Jennings, age 31, First Lieutenant, Edgefield; re-
signed at reorganization—living. John B. Gregg, age 22,
Second Lieutenant, Edgefield; died of disease at Charlottes-
ville. James C. Sentell, age 30, Second Lieutenant, Edgefield;
elected at the reorganization; resigned—ill health—living.
George W. Baker, age 24, Second Lieutenant, Edgefield;
wounded at Sharpsburg in two places; elected Third Lieuten-
ant at reorganization and promoted; resigned—ill health—
living. Lawrence W. Wise, age 28, Third Lieutenant, Edge-
field; killed at home; promoted from Third Sergeant. B. W.
Hard, age 28, Third Lieutenant, Edgefield; promoted from the
ranks—living. N. D. Matheny, age 42, First Sergeant, Eage-
field; discharged at Rocky Run—living. T. Gulledge, age 30,
First Sergeant, Edgefield; discharged at Richmond—living.
Jefferson Davis, age 25, First Sergeant, Edgefield; died of
disease at Richmond. Hampton H. Howard, age 21, First
Sergeant, Edgefield; wounded at Sharpsburg; promoted from
Corporal—living. Robert J. Cobb, age 21, First Sergeant,
Edgefield; wounded at Gettysburg; promoted from the ranks.
H. Mandring Stevens, age 19, Corporal, Edgefield; living.
William E. Rearden, age 21, Corporal, Edgefield; killed at
Sharpsburg. George E. Atkinson, age 24, Corporal, Edge-
field; living. Marion Odom, age 27, Corporal, Edgefield; died
of disease at Richmond. Robert N. Rearden, age 22, Corporal,
Edgefield; wounded at Maryland Heights—lost a finger—
living.

PRIVATES.

John L. Atkinson, age 26, Edgefield, died of disease at
home; J. Riley Aulmond, age 19, Edgefieid, living; Thomas
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 431

Aulmond, age 22, Edgefield, living; Mike B. Arthur, age. 18,
Edgefield, living; Elisha Baggott, age 24, Edgefield, living;
William Becks, age 25, Barnwell, living; John Brown, age 24,
Spartanburg, living; Jeff Brown, age 22, Spartanburg, living;
Milledge Brown, age 23, Spartanburg, living; L. P. Bagwell,
age 30, Spartanburg, living; James A. Brewer, age 18, Aiken,
living; Isaac Brooks, age 18, Aiken, killed in battle at the
Wilderness; Lawrence Bland, age 19, Aiken, living; Robert
Brooks, age 32, Aiken, living; Wilson Carroll, age 21, Aiken,
wounded at Sharpsburg, living; James A. Cartin, age 30,
Aiken, died of disease at home; Robert Cushman, age 22,
Barnwell, died of disease at home; Wilson Cash, age 22,
Abbeville, wounded at Sharpsburg, living; George Cochran,
age 18, Aiken, living; John Corley, age 19, Aiken, wounded
at Wilderness, living; R. J. Cobb, Fifth Sergeant, already
named; Hardy Clark, age 19, Aiken, discharged or surren-
dered at Richmond; Robert Donald, age 21, Aiken, wounded
at Winchester, died of disease at home; Edward Dinkins, age
22, Aiken, living; Benjamin Davis, age 32, Aiken, living; John
Duncan, age 22, Aiken, living; Reuben Duncan, age 21,
Aiken, died of disease at home; Jeff Davis, age 25, Aiken, died
of disease at Richmond; Benjamin Duncan, age 18, Aiken,
killed at Fredericksburg; William Ellis, age 30, Aiken, died of
disease at home, wounded at Fredericksburg; P. A. Friday,
age 21, Aiken, wounded at Gettysburg, lost a finger, living;
Tillman Faulkner, age 23, Aiken, discharged at Flint Hill,
living; William P. Faulkner, age 28, Aiken, discharged at
Flint Hill, living; Allen Franklin, age 30, Aiken, discharged
at Richmond, living; Peter Fagin, age 29, Aiken, died of
disease at Richmond; William German, age 23, Aiken, died of
disease at Richmond, wounded at Fredericksburg; Henry Gul-
ledge, age 21, Aiken, living; William Gulledge, age 18, Aiken,
living; John Gissue, age 21, Aiken, living; Caloway K. Hen-
derson, age 20, Aiken, living; John C. Hall, age 25, Spartan-
burg, wounded at Sharpsburg, living; William P. Hammett,
age, 24, Spartanburg, living; William Hatcher, age 18, Aiken,
living; Seaborn Hamiston, age 31, Aiken, living; Jesse Jack-
son, age 18, Aiken, discharged at Richmond, living; James
Jackson, age 21, Aiken, wounded at Maryland Heights, lost
an arm, living; David L. Johnson, age 21, Aiken, living;
432 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

Ezekiel Johnson, age 23, Aiken, died of disease at Fredericks-
burg; Adolphus L. Johnson, age 18, Aiken, wounded at
Savage Station, discharged at Richmond, living; William J.
Kirksey, age 22, Aiken; James A. Key, age 19, Aiken,
wounded at North Anna River, living; James Kadle, age 20,
Aiken, died of wounds at Gettysburg; Washington Leach, age
28, Aiken, living; William Leopard, age 29, Aiken, discharged
at Richmond, living; Levy Littleton, age 19, Aiken; William
Lawrence, age 22, Aiken, living; Elijah Leopard, age 31,
Aiken, died of disease at home; John Maddox, age 21, Aiken;
Green Maddox, age 20, Aiken, living; John Medlock, age 24,
Aiken, died of disease at Richmond; Mark Maddox, age 19,
Aiken, wounded at Gettysburg, lost a leg, living; Benjamin
Medlock, age 19, Aiken, discharged at Richmond, living;
Bogan Maddox, age 18, Aiken; Isaac W. McKee, age 28, An-
derson, wounded at Sharpsburg, living; William Myers, age
29; Julius W. McGee, age 19, Anderson, killed at Maryland
Heights; Walter McKinsey, age 28, Aiken, died of wounds at
Knoxville; Martin Mathis, age 25, Spartanburg, living; Mor-
gan Mathis, age 27, Spartanburg, living; Martin McKinnie,
age 31, Spartanburg, living; Judson McGee, age 22, Spartan-
burg, living; Joseph New, age 20, Aiken, living; Edward
New, age 27, Aiken, discharged at Richmond, living; John
New, age 18, Aiken, living; Julius Overstreet, age 21, Aiken;
John D. Price, age 30, Aiken, wounded at Maryiand Heights,
died since the war: George W. Platt, age 21, Aiken, living;
Arthur Parker, age 18, Aiken, killed at Malvern Hill in bat-
tle; Lawrence Prescott, age 24, Aiken; George Perdue, age 29,
killed at home since the war; John Parker, age 18, Aiken,
died of disease at Richmond; Thomas Price, age 18, Aiken,
discharged at Richmond, living; Smith F. Radford, age 19,
Aiken, living; James A. Ramsey, age 24, Aiken, died of
wounds at North Anna River; Matt Ramsey, age 20, Aiken
discharged at Richmond, living; Ed. Rannald, age 21, Aiken,
wounded at Cold Harbor; Benjamin Sharpton, age 19, Aiken,
died of wounds at Cold Harbor; William Smith, age 19, Aiken;
E. Seigler, age 18, Aiken, discharged at Richmond; Edwin
Stringfield, age 22, Aiken, discharged at Richmond; Aquilla
S. Seigler, age 22, Aiken, living; William B. Sorger, age 21,
Aiken, living; Ben. F. Sorger, age 21, Aiken, living; John
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 433

Seitzes, age 35, Aiken, died at Frederick City of wounds re-
ceived at Sharpsburg; Harry Turner, age 20, Aiken, wounded
at Fisherville, died since the war; Thomas P. Tollison, age 29,
Aiken, died since the war; James A. Taylor, age 22, Aiken,
wounded at Chickamauga, living; Benjamin F. Taylor, age 20,
Aiken, killed in battle at Savage Station; Hampton Wade,
died of disease in hospital; W. D. West, died of disease at
home; Wm. A. West, living; William Walker, living; Adolphus
Walker, living. Total rank and file, 123. The name of Jef-
ferson Davis appears twice, once as First Sergeant, once as
private, Killed in battle, 9; died of wounds, 5; died of dis-
ease, 18; total, 32.

The name of James Kadle appears on this roll. Is any one
now living in Edgefield named Kadle?

Edgefield Chronicle, March rith, 1896:

SERGEANT DICK CLARY'S WAR LIST.

DEAR CHRONICLE: The famous old Seventh Regiment, of
which your gallant old uncle, Colonel Thomas G. Bacon, was
the first leader, must always be of deep interest to you, as well
as to all Edgefield and Saluda. Therefore I send you the fol-
lowing list. Let us keep these brave names from being forgot-
_ ten. I send you a list of soldiers who died or were killed dur-
ing the late war, from 1861 to 1865, in Company G., Seventh
South Carolina Volunteers:

Died.—George Hudson, Toles Attaway, Fletcher Graddick,
James May, George Clark, George Neal, William Neal, Lieu-
tenant George Strother, Car Williams, Joe Griffin, Robert
Bryan, Carter Burnett, Hix Holloway, Jack Whatley, John
Crouch, William Bagwell, William Burton, Lit Wooten, John
Shafer, Dick Stevens, Frank Dean. ‘Total, 21.

Killed in battle.—Henry Steadham, Jim Steadman, Tink
Williams, William Dees, Captain William Clark, Caleb Walton,
Jim Burnett, Sim Adams, Joe Wright, J. C. Nox, W. Nox,
C. N. Nox, John Turnipseed, John Bolton, Thomas Aiton,
Art Bryant, John Hollingsworth, Tink Jay, Captain John
Kemp, Jim Quattlebaum, Wesley Wright, Wiley Dodgin,
William Coleman, Thomas Burt. Total, 24.

This copy of roll of Company G, Seventh Regiment, is
434 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

.taken from Edgefield Chronicle of September 13th, 1893. By
whom made and when does not appear:

COMPANY G, SEVENTH SOUTH CAROLINA INFANTRY.

W. E. Clark, Captain; J. W. Kemp, First Lieutenant; J. W.
Williams, Second Lieutenant; J. W. Eidson, Third Lieutenant;
R. C. Strother, First Sergeant; B. L. Youngblood, Second
Sergeant; Artemus Bryant, Third Sergeant; M. Ouzts, Fourth
Sergeant; Simeon Adams, Fifth Sergeant; R. C. Clary, First
Corporal; J. R. Wright, Second Corporal; T. N. Durst, Third
Corporal; D. R. Coleman, Fourth Corporal; J. C. Rambo,
Fifth Corporal; Thos. Aiton, Sixth Corporal.

PRIVATES.

J. S. Aiton, W. G. Aiton, B. F. Boone, Wm. Bagwell, L.
Berry, J. F. Boulware, H. Burnett, James Burnett, Carter
Burnett, W. M. Bolton, D. R. Crouch, John Crouch, William
Coleman, V. A. Clark, W. A. Crawford, H. C. Dodgen,
Wiley Dodgen, Herlong Dorn, Jesse Duffee, William Leese,
Frank Dean, Wm. Eidson, Lark Eidson, G. Ferguson, G. W.
Grant, M. A. Griffith, A. B. Griffith, J. B. Gasperson, Abney
Hargrove, Joe Hamilton, W. M. Head, J. N. Hollingsworth,
Hix Hoiloway, Dr. D. P. Holloway, John Jay, Fink Jay, Wm.
King, W. A. Manus, A. P. Nox, J. B. Nox, T. J. Nox, S. T.
Nox, Jas. Quattlebaum, Wm. Rushton, Sr., Wm. Rushton,
Jr., G. R. Reeves, Ralph Smith, W. S. Steiffle, J. R. Sentell,
F, A. Townsend, Amon Stallworth, Sergeant Major; Henry
Steadham, Jas. Steadman, Ira Turner, John Turnipseed, J.
Willingham, Pink West, Wm. Wright, Wesley Wright, Joe
Wright, Pinkney Williams, Press Williams, Caleb Walton,
Jack Whatley.

COMPANY G, SEVENTH REGIMENT.

April 1st, 1861, from Upper Battalion, Tenth South Caro-
lina Militia.

J. H. Brooks, Captain; W. E. Clark, First Lieutenant;
H. C. King, Second Lieutenant; G. J. Strother, Third Lieu-
tenat; John W. Kemp, First Sergeant; B. L. Youngblood,
Second Sergeant; H. C. Culbreath, Third Sergeant; J. W.
Griffin, Fourth Sergeant; Carr S. Williams, Fifth Sergeant;
M. W. Clary, First Corporal; J. M. Proctor, Second Corporal;
J. W. Eidson, Third Corporal; B. G. Smith, Fourth Corporal;
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 435.

R. H. Holloway, Fifth Corporal; R. S. Burnett, Sixth Cor-
poral.
PRIVATES.

Simeon Adams, Towles Attaway, C. Attaway, W. J. Aiton,
T. L. Aiton, J. F. Boleware, T. N. Brunson, A. M. Bryan,
L. Brooks, L. J. Brooks, M. P. Burkhalter, J. F. Burnett,
George Clark, V. A. Clark, R. C. Clary, John Chaver, O. R.
‘Crouch, J. S. Coleman, M. W. Coleman, A. C. Dees, S. P.
DeLoach, William Dogan, H. C. Dogan, T. N. Durst, John F.
Frie, J. W. Gentry, Jonathan Gregory, A. B. Griffith, J. P.
Hamilton, J. W. Hardy, Isaiah Haltiwanger, D. P. Holloway,
J. A. Hollingworth, G. W. Hudson, W. D. King, Levi Koon,
Barret Lainb, R. S. Leek, W. Leek, James A. May, B. L.
Murrell, J. W. Neill, W. M. Neill, Wm. L. Owdom, G. W.
Perdue, W C. Palmer, J. C. Rambo, J. M. Riley, J. B.
‘Rhodes, William Reese, James Robinson, James Roton, Grant
Smith, J. W. Smith, S. S. Smith, A. C. Stalworth, Henry
Stedham, J. C. Stedham, H. S. Stefie, B. F. Stevens, J. C.
Strother, John Thompkins, F. A. Townsend, G. W. Turner,
S. Turner, W. S. Wallington, E. P. Walker, James Webb,
William Wheeler, J. P. Watley, H. J. Williams, J. C. Wili-
liams, W. P. Williams, T. H. Williams, Pinkney Williams,
Whit Williams, J. R. Wright, L. Wooten, Densly Youngblood,
William Youngblood, J. S. Aiton. Commissioned offices, 4;
non-commissioned officers, 11; privates, 82; total, 97.
436 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

XXXVI.

On the roll of Company ‘‘C,’’ Seventh Regiment, South
Carolina Volunteers, I find the names of William Benson, age
18, Edgefield, served to close of the war; James Harrison, age
18, Edgefield.

“APTAIN BENJAMIN ROPER’S COMPANY I, SEVENTH
REGIMENT.

Muster roll of Captain Benjamin Roper’s Company I of the
Seventh Regiment of South Carolina Volunteers, D. Wyatt,
Aiken, Colonel, received at office of Adjutant and Inspector
General, April 14th, 1863, showing the condition of the Com-
pany, July 23rd, 1862, I have no roll made up since the war.

Benjamin Roper, Captain, entered service 15th April at
Charleston, S. C., received by the Authorities of South Caro-
lina for twelve months, absent, sick; B. F. Sharpton, First
Lieutenant, entered service 15th April, at Charleston, South
‘Carolina, received by the authorities of South Carolina, was
promoted from Second Lieutenant, July 3rd; W. Parkman,
Second Lieutenant, entered service 11th September, at Flint
Will, Virginia; received by Colonel Bacon, was promoted from
‘Third Lieutenant, July. 3rd; W. E. Middleton, Third Lieuten-
ant, entered service 15th April, at Charleston, South Carolina,
received by the authorities of South Carolina, was elected
Third Lieutenant July 18th; J. A. Mathis, First Sergeant, same
record as W. E. Middleton, absent, sick, furlough; G. W.
Holmes, Second Sergeant, same record as W. E. Middleton,
present; N. L. Broadwater, Third Sergeant, same record as
W. E. Middleton, present; E. J. Anderson, Fourth Sergeant,
same record as W. E, Middleton, present; W. W. Bussey,
Fifth Sergeant, same record as W. E. Middleton, absent, sick;
S. Holmes, First Corporal, same record as W. E. Middleton,
present; Thomas Harling, Second Corporal, received 4th June
at Butler, S. C., by Major Evans, present; J. S. McKie, Third
Corporal, received 15th April at Charleston, S. C., by author-
ities of South Carolina, present; J. Briggs, Fourth Corporal,
-saine record, present.
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 437

PRIVATES.

P. H. Broadwater, same record, but absent on sick furlough;
S. Broadwater, same record, present; J. W. Bartley, received
June 4th, same authorities, absent sick furlough; M. Calliham,,
received 6th August, Flint Hill, Va., by Colonel Bacon, pres-
ent; G. W. Clay, received 4th June, Butler, S. C., by Major
Evans, absent without leave; T. G. Green, received 15th
April at Charleston, S. C., by authorities of South Carolina,
present; W. H. Garrett, received 15th April at Charleston,
S. C., by authorities of South Carolina, extra daily duty in
Q. M. Department; W. W. Jennings, received 15th April at
Charleston, S. C., by authorities South Carolina, present;
E. O. Morgan, received 6th August at Flint Hill, Va., by
Colonel Bacon, sick at hospital; J. McDaniel, received 15th.
April at Charleston, S. C., by authorities of South Carolina,
present; H. Mathis, received 15th April at Charleston, S. C.,
by authorities of South Carolina, present; W. A. B. Newson,
received 15th April at Charleston, S. C., by authorities of
South Carolina, present; A. J. Prince, received 11th September
at Flint Hill, Va., by Colonel Bacon, present; P. N. Presley,
received 15th April at Charleston, S. C., by authorities of
South Carolina, present; J. Roper, received 15th April at Char-
leston, S. C., by authorities of South Carolina, sick in hospital;.
J. Sharpton, received same, extra daily duty as teamster;
G. W. Vance, received 15th April at Charleston, S. C., by au-
thorities of South Carolina, present; W. W. Wash, received.
15th April at Charleston, S. C., by authorities of South Caro-
lina, present; J. Whitcombe, received 15th April at Charleston,
S. C., by authorities of South Carolina, present.

The following were entered on the roll as ‘‘discharged,’’ and.
then the entries crossed:

W. F. Prescott, Captain; J. P. Nixon, First Lieutenant;
R. H. Middleton, Second Sergeant; Thos. Evans, private;,
Thos. McKie, private; Charles Wiseman, private; G. W. Mor-
gan, private.

Transferred, also crossed.—T. W. Grafton, private; Thomas:
Hammond, private; W. L. Holmes, First Sergeant; W. J-
Holmes, First Sergeant.

Died, also crossed.—R. Brooks, private; A. J. Briggs, pri-
vate; J. T. Buse, private.
438 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

Total rank and file on the roll, 32; one absent without leave;
several sick.
COMPANY K, SEVENTH REGIMENT.

Muster roll of Company ‘‘K,’’ John F. Bowers, Captain,
showing the condition of the company July 23rd, 1862. At
this date, April, 1892, I have no other roll—failed to find any
in the office in Columbia:

John F. Bowers, Captain, present; J. L. Talbert, First Lieu-
tenant, absent on furlough; J. M. Berry, Second Lieutenant,
absent; wounded at Manchester—hospital. J. A. Cheatham,
Third Lieutenant, present; O. T. Culbreath, First Sergeant;
received into service April 15th, 1861, for one year by Major
Evans; absent on furlough. A. N. Martin, Second Sergeant,
absent; wounded at Manchester—hospital. W.M. Reynolds,
Third Sergeant, present; L. ‘W. Lanier, Fourth Sergeant, ab-
sent; wounded; home on furlough. C. M. Burress, Fifth Ser-
geant, present; J. W. Reynolds, First Corporal, present; L. D.
Shipley, Second Corporal, present; W. G. White, Third Cor-
poral, present; T. R. Williams, Fourth Corporal, present.

PRIVATES.

B. O. Adams, present; J. E. Blake, present; T. A. Cartledge,
present; T. M. Crafton, present; W. L. Coleman, present;
G. R. Coleman, absent, wounded at Manchester—hospital;
John Culbreath, present; Anthony Deal, present; C. L. Devore,
present; J. A. Franks, present; C. T. Hammond, present:
C. H. Harrison, absent, sick at hospital—unknown; J. T.
Henderson, present; J. E. Henderson, present; W. L. Holmes,
absent on sick furlough; A. J. Holmes, present; H. Howell,
present; T. B. Lanier, absent, wounded, at home on furlough,
left arm amputated at shoulder; O. W. Lanier, present; C. H.
Limbecker, present; J. L. Lockridge, present; J. H. Mayson,
absent, sick at Manchester Hospital; H. M. Quarles, absent on
furlough, sick; J. C. Reynolds, present; E. W. Reynolds, absent
on furlough, sick; T. J. Rountree, present; F. P. Rush, present;
G. 8S, Stalnaker, absent, wounded, at Manchester Hospital,
right arm amputated above elbow; J. R. Stalnaker, present;
J. W. Stalnaker, present; G. H. Timmerman, present; J. R.
Williams, present; W. B. Wood, absent on sick furlough;
W. H. Yeldell, present. Total rank and file, 47.
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 439°

COMPANY M, SEVENTH REGIMENT.

Muster roll of Company ‘‘M,’’ Seventh Regiment, South
Carolina Volunteers, showing the condition of the company on
July 23rd, 1862, Jerry Goggans, Captain. All were enlisted
by Captain Goggans for the period of two years:

Jerry Goggans, Captain, Februarry 11th, McLean’s Farm,
absent on furlough; J. R. Bouknight, First Lieutenant, Feb-
ruary 11th, Mclean’s Farm, wounded at Richmond; J. C. Mc-
Celvey, Second Lieutenant, February 11th, McLean’s Farm,
present; A. P. Bouknight, Third Lieutenant, February rith,
McLean’s Farm, present; T. H. Huiett, First Sergeant, Feb-
ruary 11th, McLean’s Farm, absent with leave; J. J. Mc-
Daniel, Second Sergeant, March 26th, South Carolina, present;
W. A. Whittle, Third Sergeant, February 11th, Mclean’s
Farm, present; J. H. Watson, Fourth Sergeant, February 11th,
McLean’s Farm, present; W. Ruston, Fifth Sergeant, Feb-
ruary 11th, MclLean’s Farm, present; Jacob Huiett, First Cor-
poral, February 11th, McLean’s Farm, present; A. L. Wyse,
Second Corporal, 11th February, McLean's Farm, wounded at
Capital; B. F. Sample, Third Corporal, February 11th, Mc-
Lean’s Farm, present; G. Jennings, Fourth Corporal, Feb-
ruary 11th, Mcl,ean’s Farm, present.

PRIVATES.

H. Barnes, March t7th, South Carolina, present; J. Beden-
baugh, March 17th, South Carolina, present; L. Bedenbaugh,
May rst, Yorktown, sick at Camp Winder; T. Bedenbaugh,
May ist, Yorktown, sick at Brigade Infirmary; A. S. Bouk-
night, February 11th, McLean’s Farm, present; S. J. Bouk-
night, May 17th, South Carolina, present; N. Bouknight,
March 17th, South Carolina, sick at Manchester; J. Buzhardt,
March 17th, South Carolina, present; P. Charles, South Car-
olina, March 17th, present; H. Duffie, March 17th, South
Carolina, present; J. Duffie, February 11th, McLean’s Farm,
present; V. Duffie, February 11th, Mclean’s Farm, present;
A. Duncan, February 11th, McLean’s Farm, present; V.
Duncan, February 11th, McLean’s Farm, present; W. Faban,
March 17th, South Carolina’ present; R. Gunter, March 17th,
South Carolina, sick at Manchester; J. Gunter, February 11th,
McLean’s Farm, detailed Ordnance Guard; P. Goff, March
440 HISTORY OF EDGEFIRLD.

17th, South Carolina, present; J. Gibson, March 17th, South
Carolina, sick at Petersburg; W. Gibson, March 17th, South
Carolina, sick at Petersburg; W. Harris, February rith, Mc-
Lean’s Farm, present; S. Harris, February 11th, McLean's
Farm, present; D. Henson, February 11th, McLean’s Farm,
present; J. Henson, February 11th, McLean’s Farm, present;
I. Inabinet, February 11th, McLean’s Farm, sick at Man-
chester; G. Lippard, March 17th, South Carolina, pres-
ent; J. Lippard, March 17th, South Carolina, sick at
Farmville; V. Livingston, March 17th, South Carolina, sick
at Petersburg; E. Matthews, March 17th, South Carolina,
present; J. Miller, March 17th, South Carolina, sick at Camp
Winder; T’.. Merchant, May 1st, Yorktown, present; M.
Mitchell, June 17th, South Carolina, present; G. Martin,
February rith, McLean’s, present; A. Padgett, February
11th, McLean's, present; D. Parmer, March 17th, South Car-
olina, sick at Manchester; J. Rotten, February 11th, McLean’s,
wounded, gone home on furlough; D. Rushton, February
11th, McLean’s, sick at Petersburg; H. Rushton, February
tith, McLean’s, present; J. Rushton, April r5th, Yorktown,
present; J. Saddler, March 17th, South Carolina, sick at
Petersburg; W. Saddler, February 11th, McLean’s, present;
B. Smith, February 11th, McLean's, present; W. Spann, May
ist, Yorktown, present; P. Spann, February 11th, McLean’s,
present; M. Shealy, June 1st, South Carolina, present; W.
Watson, May 1st, Yorktown, present; J. Wise, February 11th,
McLean’s, present; W. Wise, March 17th, South Carolina,
present; M. Whittle, March 17th, South Carolina, sick at
Farmville, Virginia; B. Wright, May 1st, Yorktown, sick at
Farmville, Virginia. Total rank and file, 63.

AN OLD CONFEDERATE “FURLOUGH.”’
Edgefield Chronicle:

Many of our readers have never seen a ‘‘furlough’’ and will
no doubt be interested in a perusal of the following. It is a
bona fide document, as we have it direct from the hands of
the private soldier named in it. The names of all the officers
from Longstreet commanding the department to Lieutenant
Bouknight commanding the company are quite familiar names
to Edgefield people.
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 441

FURLOUGH.
To all whom it may concern:

The bearer hereof, B. C. W. Matthews, private of Captain
Goggan’s company, Infantry, Seventh South Carolina Regi-
ment, aged twenty-nine years, five feet six inches high, light
complexion, blue eyes, and dark hair, and by profession a
farmer, born in the District of Edgefield, State of South Caro-
lina, and enlisted at Edgefield Court House, July rst; 1862, to
serve for the period of two years, and re-enlisted February,
1864, for the war, is hereby permitted to goto Edgefield Dis-
trict, South Carolina, he having received a furlough from the
day of to the day of at which period he
will rejoin his company or regiment at Bristol, Tenn., or
wherever it may be, or be considered a deserter.

Subsistence has been furnished to said B. C. W. Matthews
from day of to the day of and pay to the
first day of November, both inclusive.

Given under my hand at Bristol this 6th day of April, 1864.

A. P. BOUKNIGHT,

Lieut. Com’d’g Co. ‘'M’’, Seventh South Carolina Reg’t.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

The applicant desires to visit home to look after his family
interests, he having a wife and three children who need his
attention.

He is also deeply involved in some estates of which he is
administrator—they being unsettled and in a state demanding
some immediate personal attention.

A better soldier never shouldered a gun. He has not lost a
day, or missed a roll call since he has been in the service.
His case certainly merits all attention and reward, and I
earnestly recommend that this application be granted.

A. P. BOUKNIGHT,

Lieut. Com’d’g Co. ‘‘M’’, Seventh South Carolina Reg’t.

 

CAMP SEVENTH SOUTH CAROLINA REG’T, t
April 6th, 1864.
Private B. C. W. Matthews, Company ‘‘M’’, Seventh South
Carolina Regiment.
Special application for furlough to visit home to attend to
442 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

important business. The application is specially recommended
on account of his high soldierly qualities, by his company
officers.

Approved.
A. P. BOUKNIGHT,

Lieut. Com’d’g Co. ‘‘M’’, Seventh South Carolina Reg’t.

 

HEADQUARTERS SEVENTH SOUTH CAROLINA REG’T,
April 6th, 1864.
In consideration of the high character of the soldier, I
respectfully forward.

Approved. :
BENJAMIN ROPER,

Capt’n. Com’d’g. Reg’t.

 

HEADQUARTERS KERSHAW’S BRIGADE,
April 6th, 1864.
Respectfully forwarded.

Approved.
JOHN D. KENNEDY,

Col. Com’d’g Brigade.

 

DIVISION HEADQUARTERS,
April 7th, 1864.
Respectfully forwarded.

Approved.
W. S. WOFFORD,

Brigrdier Com'd’g Div.

 

HEADQUARTERS DEp’T. East TENN., )
April 8th, 1864. J
Respectfully returned, approved, in consideration of the
excellent character of this soldier.
By command of
LIEUT. GEN. LONGSTREET.
COMPANY A, NINETEENTH REGIMENT.

Roll of Company ‘‘A,’’ Nineteenth Regiment, South Caro-
lina Volunteers:
Tillman Watson, Captain, age —; promoted Major Feb-
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 443

ruary, 1862. Perry E. Watson, Captain, age 50; promoted
from First Lieutenant; was not re-elected at reorganization in
1862. Elijah W. Horne, Captain, age 32; wounded at Atlanta;
elected Second Lieutenant February, 1862; elected Captain at
reorganization in 1862; retired by his own request 1865.
Ezekiel Randall, age 16; promoted from the ranks to Second
Lieutenant in 1862, to First Lieutenant 1864, to Captain in
1865. Levi Lybrand, First Lieutenant, age 48; promoted
from Second to First Lieutenant February, 1862; resigned
1863. Seaborn E. Watson, Second Lieutenant, age 25; was
not re-elected at reorganization 1862. John T. Norris, Second
Lieutenant, age 21; wounded at Murfreesboro, Tenn., and died
of his wounds at Chattanooga; promoted from ranks 1862.
Cornelius J. W. Kreeps; Second Lieutenant, age 22; killed at
Atlanta, Ga., July 22nd, 1864; promoted from ranks to Ser-
geant to Second Lieutenant in 1864. Abe. W. Rutland,
Second Lieutenant, age 18; promoted from ranks to Sergeant
and to Second Lieutenant 1864. Willis L. Creed, Second
Lieutenant, age 24; same record as Rutland. Wyatt H. Haney,
age 30, First Sergeant; detached. J. H. A. Williams, age 19,
Sergeant. Morgan D. Bodie, age 19, Sergeant; promoted from
ranks; died of disease at Knoxville. J. R. Padgett, age 28,
Sergeant; promoted from ranks; wounded at Murfreesboro.
Hiram Cato, age 20, Sergeant; killed in battle, New Hope
Church. James S. A. Satcher, age 18, Sergeant. Alfred A.
Pardue, age 35, Sergeant; died of disease in hospital. Henry
Dunton, age 50, Sergeant; discharged Tupelo, Miss. J. C.
Mitchell, age 18, Sergeant. Lewis V. Claxton, age 21, Ser-
geant; wounded at Chickamauga; captured at Atlanta. H.
Elsey Lybrand, age 22, Sergeant; wounded at Chickamauga;
died of the wound in hospital. Solomon Douglass, age 35,
Corporal; wounded at Nashville, Tenn. Julius Howard, age
20, Corporal; died of disease in hospital 1862. J. Ellis Creed,
age 30, Corporal; promoted from ranks; died of disease in hos-
pital 1862. William Creed, age 32, Corporal; promoted from
ranks. Jeter W. Crim, age 23, Corporal; promoted from
ranks; captured at Missionary Ridge. Isaac B. Randall, age
30, Corporal; wounded at Atlanta, Ga. George W. Morris,
age 20, Corporal. Burton Williams, age 24, Corporal; pro-
moted from ranks; died in hospital 1863.
444 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

PRIVATES.

Jefferson J. Asbill, age 30, died of disease at Danville,
Kentucky; Loy P. Asbill, age 32, died of disease at Wildcat
Mountain, Ky., 1862; Isaac Bush, age 4o, discharged at Shel-
leyville, Tenn.; Washington W. Bush, age 28, wounded at
Missionary Ridge, Tenn., died of wounds at Atlanta; Wm.
Burges Bush, age 24, died of disease at Chattanooga, Tenn. ;
John H. Barton, age 26; J. Burgess Barton, age 22, surren-
dered at Atlanta 1865; James E. Boothe, age 21, surrendered
at South Mountain, Ala.; Benjamin Boothe, age 35, surren-
dered at Atlanta, Ga.; William Braswell, age 23, died of
disease at Charleston, S. C.; Peter Brannon, age 4o, discharged
Lovejoy Station, Ga.; Wiley Bodie, age 40, died of disease at
Augusta, Ga.; John M. Cato, age 22, wounded at Chicka-
mauga and Marietta; Whitfield Cato, age 17; J. Preston Cam-
meron, age 23, captured at Atlanta, not heard from since;
James P. Cullum, age 19; William Cwilum, age 45, captured
at Atlanta, Ga., died in Union prison, Columbus, Ohio; John
W. Clark, age 21, wounded at Chickamauga, died in hospital
of wounds; Isaac Carroll, age 24, died of disease at Charleston,
S. C.; Jesse Couch, age 28; Watson E. Couch, age 24, dis-
charged at Corinth, Miss.; Michael W. Clark, age 16, dis-
charged Shelleyville, Tenn.; Rufus M. Derrick, age 20, cap-
tured at Missionary Ridge; John EHidson, age 28, died of
disease in hospital, Chattanooga, Teun.; Robert M. Elsmore,
age 45, discharged; Allen Elsmore, age 22, killed in battle at
Atlanta, Ga., July 22nd, 1864; William Foley, age 30, dis-
charged; Berry Franklin, age 40; Marshall Franklin, age 29,
died of disease in hospital; Henry Grice, age 21, died at Mur-
freesboro of wounds received there; Benjamin Grice, age 23,
died of disease at Charleston, S. C.; Isaac W. Graham, age 30;
Noah Goff, age 26; James W. Howard, age 17, died of disease
in hospital; William Howard, age 40, died of disease in hos-
pital; Michael Howard, age 38; John Hair, age 20; Hiley Hair,
age 16; Jackson Holmes, age 40; Abram F. Hurtt, age 4o,
killed in battle at Atlanta; Jesse J. Herrin, age 28, died of
disease at Enterprise, Miss.; Staumore Johnson, age 28, killed
in battle at Atlanta; Eugene S. Kreeps, age 20; William Kirk-
land, age 18, wounded at Murfreesboro; John C. Kennerly, age
35, discharged; James Kennerly, age 16, discharged; Elbert L.
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 445

Lott, age 28, wounded by railroad; William E. Lott, age 16,
wounded at Murfreesboro, Tenn.; John Lott, age 4o, died at
Chattahoochee of wounds received at Chattahoochee River; Jesse
Lott, age 32, died of disease at Enterprise, Miss.; George Ly-
brand, age 17; Martin Lybrand, age 17, killed in battle at
Chickamauga; Wesley A. Lybrand, age 40, wounded at At-
lanta, Ga.; George McGeehe, age 30, killed in battle at At-
lanta; William A. Mitchell, age 16, killed in battle at Mur-
freesboro; R. S. Mitchell, age 17; Andrew Mayer, age 18;
George W. Neal, age 16; Thomas Odonald, age 45, wounded at
Murfreesboro; Wain M. Pasey, age 30; Eldredge Pasey, age
45, discharged; Wilbert Padget, age 25, died of disease at hos-
pital; A. R. Padget, age 26, died of disease at hospital, Va.;
Manley Padget, age 33; Josiah Padget, age 16, discharged;
Driden Padget, age 22, wounded at Murfreesboro, discharged,
lost an arm; Larkin C. Prator, age 28, killed in battle at
Atlanta; Jefferson Randall, age 26, killed in battle at Atlanta;
Seaborn Randall, age 23, killed in battle at Chickamauga;
Lafayette Randall, age 17, killed in battle at Atlanta; Geo. W.
Randall, age 30, died of disease at Charleston, S. C.; Mike
Rutland, age 16, killed in battle at Kinston, N. C.; Wiley
Rhoden, age 35, killed in battle at Atlanta; Robert Satcher,
age 2S, died of disease at hospital; Henry Satcher, age 17, died
of disease at home; Ansel Sawyer, age 28, wounded at Chicka-
mauga; John Simons; James Turner; Thomas H. Williams,
age 45, died of disease at Enterprise, Miss.; H. Pickens Wil-
liams, age 18, died of disease at Enterprise, Miss.; Isaac B.
Williams, age 16, died of disease at home; Joseph Williams,
age 30, killed in battle at Chickamauga; Clifton Williams, age
19; A. G. Williams, discharged in 1861; Jefferson Williamson,
age 18; Wesley Whittman, age 17; Elijah D. Watson; age 34,
discharged; Lewis Vonce, age 20. Commissioned and non-
commissioned officers, 29; privates, 88; total, 117.

This roll of Company ‘‘A’’ was prepared by Captains E. W.
Horne and L. Lybrand, Ridge Spring, August 7th, 1882—all
from Edgefield District.

I observe that some names suffered severely. Three Ran-
dalls were killed in battle and one died of disease. Three Wil-
liamses died of disease and one was killed in battle.

Casualties.—Killed in battle, 15; mortally wounded, 6; died
446 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

of disease, 23; total deaths, 44. Wounds not mortal, 13; total
casualties, 57.

The reader will pérceive that the total number of deaths in
this company was considerably over one-third, which is very
great—a little in excess of the average, which is about one-
third.

COMPANY B, NINETEENTH REGIMENT.

Roll of Company B, Nineteenth Regiment, South Caro-
lina Volunteers, when first organized:

Thomas P. Shaw, Captain, promoted Lieutenant Colonel
and Colonel, wounded and made prisoner at Franklin, Tenn.;
Robert G. Lamar, First Lieutenant, promoted Quarter Master
Regiment; Matthew H. Hunter, Second Lieutenant; John C. A.
Shaw, Third Lieutenant.

Roll of Company as organized at Corinth, May, 1862.

T. W. Getzen, Captain, age 23, wounded at Atlanta, July
28th, 1864, lost a leg roth of March, 1865, at Bentonville,
N. C.; John C. A. Shaw, First Lieutenant, killed in battle at
Atlanta; Lewis Hester, Second Lieutenant, killed in battle at
Nashville, enn.; John H. McDevitt, Third Lieutenant;
Franklin Milledge, First Sergeant; James Parker, Second
Sergeant, killed in battle at Nashville, Tenn.; Aquilla Maver,
Third Sergeant, wounded at Nashville, Tenn.; David Mayer,
Sergeant; James Morrison, Corporal; Jesse Mayer, Corporal;
George L,. Hall, Corporal, age 17, shot accidentally; Christo-
pher Glover, Corporal, age 18; George W. Howard, Corporal,
age 15, captured at Glasgow, Tenn., exchanged and dis-
charged as minor at Shelbyville, Tenn.

PRIVATES.

Marshal Arthur, killed at Missionary Ridge; Chapell Atta-
way, John Brooks; Wm. H. Boulware, age 15; James Broyden,
age 15, wounded at Chickamauga; John Bryan, age 18; John
Bassell, R. Burkhalter; Francis Clark, captured at Branch-
ville, S. C., and unaccounted for; James Cowan, died of dis-
ease; Elbert Doby, wounded at Kingston, N. C.; Henry Doby,
Charles Dinkins, Henry Dunn; James Dunn, died of disease
at Bardstown, Kentucky; Richard Dunn, died of disease at
Atlanta; Robert Day, died of disease at Atlanta; James Davis,
wounded at Atlanta; Thomas Franklin, killed in battle at
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 447

Chickamauga; Robert Foster, discharged at Saltillo, Miss.,
consumptive; Fletcher Goff, Colleton Glover; John Green,
killed in battle at Chickamauga; William Gullege, Henry
Gullege; John Horn, died of disease in Mississippi; Samuel
Horn, killed in battle at Kingston, N. C.; Peter G. Horn,
wounded at Altanta, arm amputated; Milledge Horn, wounded
at Bentonville, N. C.; William Horn, killed in battle at
Chickamauga; Elijah Horn, died of disease at Rome, Ga;
Absalom Horn, wounded at Murfreesboro, Teun.; J. A. Horn,
wounded at Atlanta; John Harden, George Harden, Frank B.
Henderson, John Hester, Robert Hatcher; John Hatcher,
killed in battle at Chickamauga; Mark Hilborn, wounded at
Chickamauga; James Henderson; William Jones, wounded;
Thomas Kernaghan, wounded in battle at Murfreesboro;
Joseph Kennedy, died of disease; Joel McClendon; Drury
Mealing, died of disease at Enterprise, Miss.; Joseph Napper;
William Napper, died of disease; William Noble, died of dis-
ease; Thomas Peay, discharged at Saltillo, Miss.; Joseph
Powell; Thomas Page, wounded at Atlanta; John W. Roper,
killed in battle at Chickamauga; Josepn Ryan, Elbert Ryan,
Edward Ripley, Ephriam Rhodes, Henry Rhodes, Benjamin
Smith; George Samuel, wounded at Atlanta; Leonidas Sego;
John Slaton, wounded at Atlanta; William Sharpton, died of
disease at Lauderdale Springs, Miss.; William Treadaway,
Edward Toney, James M. Turner, James H. Webb; Hiram
Webb, wounded at Farmington, Tenn., accidental discharge
of his gun; William Whitehead, wounded at Atlanta, Ga;
George Wise, wounded at Shelbyville, Tenn., arm amputated;,
Robert I. Walker, died of disease in Mississippi. Commis-
sioned and non-commissioned officers after reorganization, May
1862, 13; privates, 71; total rank and file, 84.

This roll was prepared by Captain Thomas W. Getzen, of
Lake City, Fla. I have two copies before me, both prepared
by Captain Getzen, and they do not correspond with each
other absolutely in all particulars, nor does the copy from the
office in Columbia entirely correspond with either, though
very nearly.

There were killed in battle, 10; mortally wounded, 0; died
of disease, 12; total deaths, 22; wounds received not mortal,
20; total casualties, 42; deaths only one over one-fourth.
448 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

As matter of history, I copy the following memoranda, which
I find upon the roll of Company ‘‘B,’’ Nineteenth South Caro-
lina Volufiteers:

Thomas W. Getzen ‘‘entered company at organization as a
private; elected Third Lieutenant vice R. G. Lamar appointed
Quarter-Master of regiment; elected Captain of Company ‘B’ at
reorganization at Corinth, Miss., May, 1862; commanded regi-
ment at the battle of Murfreesboro, Tenn., after the wounding
of Colonel and Major; acted as Major until the 22nd July at At-
Janta, when Major White, commanding, was wounded; com-
manded regiment on 28th July on the left at Atlanta, was
wounded and furloughed 60 days; returned to regiment and
commanded it at Nashville, Tenn., Kingston, and Bentons-
ville, N. C.; lost a leg at the latter place; paroled at Highpoint,
N.C.’ No signature.

I think Captain Thomas P. Shaw has rather hard measure
dealt him. According to one copy of the roll which lies before
me he was promoted from Coporal to Captain; was wounded at
Franklin, Tenn., and died from his wound at that place.
Another copy says he was wounded at Franklin, but says
nothing of his promotion from Corporal, nor of his death;
while still another copy says he died of wounds at Franklin,
making no mention of promotion. On the copy, however,
which does not mention his death at Franklin, there is written
in pencil on the line with his name, ‘‘Promoted Colonel’’, no
date. This, no doubt, was read by the clerk in the Adjutant
General’s office, ‘‘promoted from Corporal.’’? Ido not know
when he was promoted Colonel. I only know that when I
joined the Regiment, Company ‘‘D’’, in March or February
1864, while they were still in winter quarters at Dalton, Ga.,
Shaw was Colonel or Lieutenant Colonel commanding the
Regiment. He was in command as Colonel until after I was
wounded and carried to the rear. I saw him under fire more
than once, but especially at New Hope church, and he was as
cool and collected as though he were receiving welcome guests
at his own home. He was in command of the Regiment at
Franklin, Tenn., was wounded there, shot through the body,
the ball striking centrally in the upper part of the chest, but
he did not die at Franklin; he was taken prisoner, but how
long he remained in the hands of the enemy I do not know.
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 449

He lived until some time after the war I know, for I saw him
once since, and I hope he is living yet. He died in 1883.

His brother, Lieutenant Shaw, was killed in battle at At-
Janta in 1864.

COMPANY C, NINETEENTH REGIMENT.

Roll of Company ‘‘C’’, Nineteenth Regiment, South Caro-
lina Volunteers, prepared by Lieutenant James R. Faulkner,
Kirksey’s, September r1th, 1884. I copy the roll in full,
though all the men were not from Edgefield. Those not
from Edgefield their county is mentioned:

John Quattlebaum, Captain, resigned at reorganization in
1862; H. Rufus Dean, wounded at Franklin, promoted from
ranks at reorganization in July 1862, promoted in 1864 and
served as Inspector General on General Manigault’s Staff,
was with army at surrender in 1865; W. Marion Dean, First
Lieutenant, died of wounds at Chickamauga, September 27th,
1863; John B. Harris, First Lieutenant, died of diszase at
hospital, April 1863, promoted from ranks at reorganization in
1862; Joseph T. Buzhardt, First Lieutenant, killed in battle at
Chickamauga, September 20th, 1863, promoted from Corporal
in 1862 at reorganization; William Quattlebaum, Second Lieu-
tenant, resigned at re-organization in 1862; James R. Faulk-
ner, Second Lieutenant, promoted from ranks at reorganization
1862, living; W. D. Rountree, Third Lieutenant, resigned at
re-organization in 1862; E. W. Eidson, Third Lieutenant,
wounded at Chickamauga, with army at surrender in 1865,
promoted from ranks to Corporal, July 1862, and to Third
Lieutenant March, 1865; Wm. H. Burkhalter, First Sergeant,
wounded at Chickamauga, disabled for life; Harman D.
Quattlebaum, Second Sergeant, died of disease at home in
1862, on sick furlough; Newton C. Harling, Second Sergeant,
killed in battle at Chickamauga; Hiram I,. Adams, Second
Sergeant, died of wounds at Nashville, May 1865, was
wounded December 16th, 1864, promoted from the ranks; J.
Bruntley Ouzts, Third Sergeant, killed in battle at Murfrees-
boro, December 31st, 1862; W. Frank May, Third Sergeant,
died of wounds at Chickamauga, September 3oth, 1863,
wounded September 20th, 1863, promoted from ranks July
1862; Edward H. Lagrone, Fourth Sergeant, with army at
450 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

surrender in 1865, promoted from ranks to Corporal in 1862
and to Sergeant in 1865; James M. Rambo, Fourth Sergeant,
same record as Lagrone; Robert W. Connolly, Fifth Sergeant,
wounded in railroad collision in 1862 and disabled for life;
John W. Devore, First Corporal, captured May 1864; John
Ouzts, Second Corporal, transferred at re-organization; Alfred
Hart, Third Corporal, died of disease at Shelbyville, Tenn.,
April 1863; Wiley T. Adams, Fourth Corporal, died of disease
at Charleston, S. C., February 7th, 1862, promoted from the
ranks; Charles Haney, from Laurens.

PRIVATES.

Robert Aiton, died of disease in hospital in 1862; Pickens
M. Adams, transferred in 1862; Richard W. Adams, died of
wounds at Atlanta, August 1864; Robert Anderson, Laurens,
killed at Atlanta, July 22nd, 1864; Robert Baysworth, with
army at surrender in 1865, detached as teamster; William
Brooks, wounded at Murfreesboro in 1862, discharged under
conscript act, January 20th, 1863; J. Pinckney Burnet, trans-
ferred to Second Artillery, April 1862; Isaac Cross, died of
disease at Charleston, S. C., March 22nd, 1862; John H.
Devore, died of disease at Charleston, $. C., Februavy 13th,
1862; Newton P. Devore, discharged under conscript act,
January 20th, 1862; Herlong Dorn, transferred in 1862; John
H. Ellenberg, discharged under conscript act, January 2oth,
1862; Martin Ellenberg, transferred 1862; Jack F. Faulkner,
transferred 1862; W. Talbert Faulkner, wounded at Chick-
amauga, September 1863; John Franklin, died of disease at
Enterprise, Miss., June 20th, 1862; John Goleman, captured
October 1862, Union prison war; W H. Gray, killed in battle
at Chickamauga, September 20th, 1863; Jesse M. Hart, trans-
ferred April, 1862. William M. Hamilton, died in Union
prison at Rock Island, February 1865; Lafayette P. Harling,
with army at surrender in 1865; Tillman Harling, with army
at surrender in 1865; John M. Harling, discharged January
2oth, 1863, under conscript act; Bud Horn, died of disease at
Enterprise, Miss., June 1862; Madison Horn, wounded at
Missionary Ridge in leg November 25th, 1863, disabled re-
mainder of the war; L. Simps Horn, killed in battle at Chicka-
mauga September 20th, 1863; Douglas W. Holloway, trans-
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 451

ferred April, 1862; William P. Lipford, discharged June, 1862;
A. J. Langley, discharged June, 1862; Frank Lovelace, trans-
ferred April, 1862; Mark Matthews, died of disease at Enter-
prise, Miss., July 18th, 1862; Simeon Matthews, died of
disease at Charleston, S. C., March roth, 1862; Samuel Mc-
Manus, captured at Atlanta, Ga., August 31st, 1864; William
T. McManus, wounded in railroad collision April, 1862, dis-
charged; Thomas McManus, died of disease in Union Prison,
Rock Island, Ill., December, 1863: Abner Mays, wounded at
Nashville, Tenn., December 16th, 1864; John F. Marbut,
wounded at Chickamauga in jaw and thigh, disabled for life;
John Motes, discharged January 20th, 1863, conscript act;
Wiley Miller, died of disease at Charleston, S. C., February
4th, 1863; John H. Miller, disabled in railroad collision April,
1862, discharged; Daniel McDowell, died of disease at Coving-
ton, Ga., June, 1864; James M. McCrelus, died of disease at
Charleston, S. C., February gth, 1862; James Mills, captured
February, 1865; W. A. Owdom, transferred April, 1862; Peter
D. Ouzts, captured at Atlanta, Ga., July 22nd, 1864; John
Parkman, with army at surrender 1865, teamster, war; Simeon
Parkman, killed in battle at Murfreesboro December 21st,
1862; Thomas Parkman, with army at surrender 1865; William
D. Padgett, transferred to Company ‘’K,’’ Nineteenth South
Carolina Volunteers, February, 1862; James M. Polatty, died
in Union Prison at Rock Island January, 1865; William Pat-
terson, Laurens, killed in battle at Atlanta, Ga., July 22nd,
1864; John D. Quattlebaum, killed in battle at Murfreesboro
December 31st, 1862; James M. Roberson, died of disease in
hospital, Mississippi, 1863; Higdon Roberson, died of disease
in hospital Enterprise, Miss., July 1862; H. A. Roberson, died
of disease at Enterprise, Miss., July, 1862; John Roberson, trans-
ferred April, 1862; John Rambo, captured at Egypt Station,
Miss., July, 1864; James Roberson, captured at Pulaski, Tenn.,
December, I864; John M. Schenk, died in Union Prison, Rock
Island, December, 1863; William Still, wounded at Chicka-
mauga; with army at surrender 1865; Wiliam A. Still, trans-
ferred to Hampton Legion 1863; John B. Timmerman, traus-
ferred to Company ‘‘K,’’ Nineteenth South Carolina Volun-
teers, January, 1862; N. Douglas Timmerman, discharged
March, 1862; William S. Terry, died of wounds at Chicka-
452 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

mauga October 1st, 1863; W. Talbert Timmerman, died of
disease at Enterprise, Miss., June, 1863; Robert A. Watkins,
with army at surrender in 1865; Milton Walker, killed in rail-
road collision Enterprise, Miss., April, 1862; James M. Wise-
man, died in Union Prison, Rock Island, Ill.; James H. Wrenn,
wounded at Chickamauga September 20th, 1863, in elbow and
groin, at Nashville December 16th, 1864, in thigh. Luke G.
Williams, wounded at Chickamauga, disabled for life. Total
privates, 70; officers commissioned and non-commissioned, 23;
total rank and file, 93. Killed in battle, 10; died of disease,
17; died of wounds, 6; died in Union Prison, 5: killed by rail-
road, 1; total deaths, 39. Wounds in battle not mortal, 13;
wounded in railroad collision, 2; total wounds not mortal, 15.

The reader will perceive that the losses by death in this com-
pany were very great, unusually so. Thirty-nine deaths out
of ninety-three men is largely over one-third, which I have
found to be the average.

The company suffered greatly from sickness. The number
of accidents is also somewhat unusual. ‘There must have been
several awkward squads in the company. There appears also
to have been a fatality attending certain names. There were
five Robersons in the company; three died of disease in Missis-
sippi, and one was captured at Pulaski, Tenn.; the other was
transferred in April, 1862, before the deaths of these, or he,
too, might have died. There were three McManuses; one
died in Union Prison, December, 1863; another was captured at
Atlanta in August, 1864, and the other was wounded in a rail-
road collision in April, 1862, and discharged. ‘There were two
Matthewses; both died of disease in 1862, one at Charleston,
S. C., March roth, the other at Enterprise, Miss., July 18th.
I observe a similar fatality attending certain name in Company
“B.”’ There were eight Horns in that company, every one of
whom suffered; two were killed in battle, four were wounded,
and two died of disease.

Nor is this all; there were three Horns in Company ‘C,’’
and every one of them also suffered. One died of disease in
June, 1862. One was wounded and disabled in November,
1863. One was killed in battle in September, 1863. Of eleven
men named Horn in these two companies, three were killed in
battle, five were wounded, and three died of disease.
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 453

Nor is this all yet; Captain Elijah W. Horne, of Company
“A,” was wounded at Atlanta, making twelve of the name,
every one of whom were sufferers. I observe, however, the
Ct

e’”’ as the final letter in Captain Horne’s name, which the
others have not.

COMPANY D, NINETEENTH REGIMENT.

Roll of Company ‘‘D,’’ Nineteenth Regiment, South Caro-
lina Volunteers: :

This roll was prepared by Captain J. W. Denny, (who was
the last Captain commanding, ) in 1882. I do not copy it ver-
batim as I find it in the Adjutart General’s office, but take
the liberty of making corrections where I know there are
errors. E

Ira Cromley, age 38, Captain, discharged at Corinth, Miss.,
over age. William Spencer Peterson, Captain, killed in battle
at Atlanta, Ga., July 28th, 1864, elected Captain May, 1862.
John W. Denny, age 30, Captain, promoted from Sergeant to
First Lieutenant May, 1862, Captain July 28th, 1864. John
A. Crowder, age 29, First Lieutenant, died of wounds January,
1863, wounded at Murfreesboro, promoted Major May, 1862.
Elzey B. Forrest, age 37, Second Lieutenant, discharged at
Corinth, Miss., over age. Isaac Edwards, age 38, Second
Lieutenant, discharged at Corinth, Miss., over age. Basil
Peterson, age 29, Secon: Lieutenant, promoted from Sergeant
August, 1864.. James H. Lagrone, age 20, promoted from
ranks to Sergeant in 1864, to Second Lieutenant in 1865.
Henry E. Vansant, age 22, First Lieutenant, promoted from
ranks to Second Lieutenant May, 1862, to First Lieutenant in
1864. Theophilus Wright, age 34, Sergeant. Samuel T.
Edwards, age 27, Sergeant, wounded at Atlanta, Ga., July
28th, 1864. J. D. Smith Livingston, age 23, Sergeant,
wounded at Atlanta, Ga., July 28th, 1864. Thomas E.
Chapman, age 32, Sergeant, died at home August, 1864, of
wound received at Atlanta July 28th, 1864, promoted Ser-
geant May, 1862. William G. Matthews, age 27, promoted
Sergeant September, 1863. John C. Wheeler, age 25, ensign,
killed in battle at Atlanta, Ga., July 28th, 1864, promoted
from ranks 1862. Rowland Eidson, age 26, Corporal, killed
in battle at Atlanta, Ga., July 22nd, 1864. Levi M. Crouch,
454 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

age 25, Corporal, died of disease in Kentucky 1862. James
M. Abney, age 33, Corporal, wounded at Atlanta July 28th,
1864. John D. Eidson, age 15, Corporal, discharged at Shel-
byville, Tenn , January, 1863. William E. Reese, age 31, Cor-
poral, promoted from ranks 1864. Amos W. Satcher, age 20,
Corporal, promoted from ranks May, 1862.

PRIVATES.

John P. Abney, age 25, killed Columbia, 5. C., January,
1865; James C. Abney, age 20; Ezra Abney, age 23; D. Suinter
Adams, age 30, died of disease at Charleston, $. C.; Wesley
A. Black, age 19, killed inbattle Nashville, Tenn., December,
1864, wounded at Atlanta, Ga., July 26th, 1864; Henry S.
Black, age 17; William H. Banks, age 16, discharged at Shel-
byville, Tenn., January, 1863; John D. Bruce, age ig, died of
disease at Enterprise, Miss., May, 1862; John A. Chapman,
age 41, Newberry, wounded near New Hope Church, Ga.,
May 30th, 1864; Charles Carson, age 16, discharged at Shelby-
ville, Tenn., January, 1863; Zedekiah Crouch, age 16, dis-
charged at Shelbyville, Tenn., January, 1863; Larkin Crouch,
age 33; Jacob Crouch, age 30, killed in battle at Atlanta July
22nd, 1864; James B. Crouch, age 18; James R. Crouch, age
19; Sion Corley, age 16, discharged at Shelbyville, Teun.,
January, 1863; William Corley, age 31; Arthur Davis, age 24,
killed in battle at Bentonville, N. C., 1865; John Davis, age
22; Pinckney D. Denny, age 16, died of disease at Enterprise,
Miss., May, 1862; Pickens Dean, age 37; Julius Eason, age
22, killed in battle at New Hope Church, Ga., May, 1864;
John D. Eidson; William Gentry, age 28, killed in battle at
Franklin, Tenn., December, 1864; Lewis C. Goff, age 23;
William C. Goff, age 2:; Jonathan N. Gregory, age 20; Daniel
Havird, age 22, died of disease at Charleston, S. C., January,
1862; Franklin J. Havird, age 20, died of disease at Charles-
ton, S. C., January, 1862; Israel P. Hartzoge, age 27, killed
in battle Chickamauga, Tenn., September 2oth, 1863;
Holden, age 18, Chester, killed in battle at Franklin, Tenn.;
Jesse Jay, age 30; Irvin G. Jones, age 32, killed in battle at
Nashville, Tenn., December, 1864; Henry P. Jones, age 34;
Brown Jennings, age 32, wounded at Chickamauga, Tenn.,
September 20th, 1863; Philip Jennings, age 35; Lang-

 

 
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 455

ston, age 20, Sumter, lost; George Little, age 25, killed in
battle at Chickamauga, Tenn., September 20th, 1863; Wm.
McCarty, age 28; Isaac McCarty, age 26, discharged Charles-
ton, S. C., December, 1861; John Mannel, age 30, Chester,
killed in battle at Atlanta, Ga., July 22nd, 1864; Simeon
Morse, age 26, wounded—thumb—near New Hope, Ga., May,
1864; George W. Matthews, age 25; William Matthews, age
18; Sulton J. Mills, age go; Jake Nelson, age 16, Union; Moses
New, age 24, wounded at Murfreesboro, Tenn., January, 1863;
Edward G. New, age 29; Jackson J. Odom, age 40; Lawson
Padgett, age 16; Samuel Padgett, age 31, died of disease at
Atlanta, Ga.; Armstead Parish, age 28, died of disease in Mis-
sissippi; Wesley Parish, age 23; Cornelius E. Rowe, age 31;
John Rushton, age 20, captured at Missionary Ridge Novem-
ber, 1863; Wm. M. Raborn, age 33, died of wounds January,
1863, wounded December 31st, 1862, at Murfreesboro, Tenn.;
Josiah Dodgen, age 27, died of disease at Chattanooga 1863;
Lemuel Salter, age 37; John C. Salter, age 31, killed in battle
at Franklin, Tenn.; William Salter, age 29, killed in battle at
Franklin, Tenn.; L. Gideon Salter, age 24; Geo. A. Schum-
pert, age 18, killed in battle at Chickamauga September 2oth,
1863; James Speer, age 32; Jasper Story, age 33; A. M. Smith,
age 40, Fairfield; James Vines, age 25; William A. Watson,
age 23, killed in battle at Murfreesboro, Tenn., December 31st,
1862; Milledge Watson, age 20, discharged at Charleston
January, 1862; Patrick Wages, age 20, died of disease at Char-
leston January, 1862; Eldred J. Wills, age 32; H. Lafayette
Winn, age 16, discharged at Shelbyville, Tenn., January,
1863; John W. Whittle, age 31, died of disease at Chatta-
nooga 1863; Henry A. Williams, age 18; Burr J. Yarbrough,
age 16, died of disease on retreat from Corinth, Miss. Com-
missioned officers, 9; non-commissioned officers, 12; privates,
73; total, 94. Killed in battle, 16; died of wounds received in
battle, 3; died of disease, 12; total deaths, 31. Discharged, 9;
captured, 1; lost, 1.

The number mortally wounded is small, but the whole loss
is about the average. Deducting the number discharged the
loss of the remainder is a little over one-third.

In the roll on file in the Adjutant General’s office John A.
Chapman is entered as having been wounded at Atlanta in
456 HISTORY OF EDGEFIRLD.

August, 1864; but in point of fact, as Judge O’Neall used to
express it, he was wounded about two o’clock at night, on the
night of Sunday, May 2gth, 1864. Being after midnight
would make it May 30th. Captain Robert N. Chatham, com-
manding Company ‘'G,’”’ who was killed by the same ball, is
entered on the roll of his company as having been killed by ac-
cident near New Hope, in June, 1864. This entry is only a
few days wrong. Whether he was killed by accident, or by
the discharge of an enemy’s gun, can never be known with
certainty. Occasional firing was going on all that night, and,
in fact, nearly all the time, day and night, for we were nearly
always in the presence of the enemy. We were lying, at the
time Captain Chatham was fatally wounded, in line of battle.
I was in the rear rank lying upon my left side with my right
leg a little drawn up, so that the foot rested upon the left just
above the ankle. Captain Chatham, a little in the rear of the
rear rank, was lying upon his right side within a few feet of
me. I was about half asleep when suddenly a gun fired,
which seemed to be very near, The hall passed through my
right Jeg about an inch above the ankle, tearing out the smai-
ler bone without touching the larger, and struck Captain
Chatham in the stomach and lodged in his body. We were
both carried together to a little house not faraway. On the
afternoon of Monday, May 3oth, I was lifted into a wagon and
transported to Marietta over the roughest road, it seemed to
me then, that ever wagon travelled over. Captain Chatham
was alive when I left him, but he died that afternoon, as I
was told afterwards. He was an amiable and good man, a
brave and good officer, and loved by his men. I saw Colonel
Shaw at Newberry in 1867, and, talking about the events of
that night, he said he had come to the conclusion, and the
general conclusion was, that the gun was fired by the enemy.
I thought at the time that, being so near, it must have been
the accidental discharge of one of our own guns, but the ball
passed diagonally across our line, so that the man who fired
the gun must have been in our front, though near.

On the last day of May I was lodged in hospital at Atlanta,
where I remained all through that rainy month of June, 1864.
Early in July, as Sherman began to draw near, the hospital
was moved to Forsyth, Ga. There I remained until August
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 457

roth, when I was furloughed for sixty days. I arrived at
home safely August 13th, 1864,—found all well, and never saw
the army any more, except some of General Chcatham’s at
Newberry and some of Stewart’s, a few miles below Chap-
pells, in Edgefield. My fighting days were over. Very often
during those four years I thought it a little strange and siugu-
lar that men could not find something better to do than to
make it a regular daily busineas to try to kill one another.
However, I suppose it is all right. Fighting great battles and
gaining great victories is glory; shooting and killing birds is
sport.
458 WISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

XXXVITI.

COMPANY “F,” NINETEENTH REGIMENT.

Muster roll of Company ‘‘F,’’ Nineteenth Regiment, South
Carolina Volunteers, from the 18th day of December, 1861.
Copy of T. D. Villard, Ridge Spring, April 25th, 1886, This
company was enlisted for 12 months:

Wade Holstein was first Captain; resigned February 15th,
1862. W. H. Norris, Captain, December, 1852; promoted to
Captain by resignation of Captain Holstein February 15th,
1862. M. N. Holstein, First Lieutenant; promoted to First
Lieutenant by promotion of Norris to Captain. Hiram Hol-,
stein, Second Iieutenant, promoted to Second Lieutenant by
promotion of M. N. Holstein to First Lieutenant. J. W. Tur-
ner, promoted Second Lieutenant; elected February 15th, 1862.
W. K. Smith, First Sergeant. E. M. Corder, promoted Second
Sergeant February 29th, vice J. W. Holstein, discharged.
M. B. Asbill, Sergeant; left camp February 20th; unable to
return on account of sickness. Irving M. Norris, Sergeant;
left camp February 20th; unable to return on account of sick-
ness, Lorenzo Feaster, Corporal. J. W. Hartley, Corporal;
absent for 10 days. M. C. Corder, Corporal; absent for 10
days. Wm. Hartley, Corporal; appointed Fourth Corporal vice
Jacob Busby, absent.

PRIVATES.

Wesley Autrey, Henry Anderson, Abijah Anderson; S. An-
derson, left camp February 14th for seven days, sick, unable
to return; Barney Anderson, left camp February rith for
ten days, sick, unable to return; H. Asbill; A. B. Asbill,
left camp February 26th for 30 days; Thomas Busby, lost a
leg at Franklin, Tenn.; Jacob Busby, transferred to cavalry
and killed in Virginia; John Britt, Sam. Bloodsworth, Geo.
Cockrill; P. B. DeMedicis, Camp Hampton, left camp 3rd
February for 10 days, after that absent without leave; Wm.
Daniel, discharged January roth for disability; G. W. Fallaw,
Abraham Gossett, James Goodwyn; Mayne Hale, sick in Sol-
diers’ Relief Hospital; H. Hall; Irvin Hall, Camp Wappo;
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 459

Willis Hartley, E. F. Hartley, B. Hite; S. Hite, left r5th
February for ro days, too sick to return in time; H. Hallman,
A. Kneece, L. D. Landrum; J. B. Holstein, Sergeant, dis-
charged February roth; S. F. Lowman, left rst February for
15 days, too sick to return in time; A. M. Lott, J. Pylant, E.
Padgett; D. A. Prater, appointed Fifth Sergeant vice E. M.
Corder, promoted February 24th; P. N. Ridgell; Ira Reynolds,
left 11th February for ro days, too sick to return in time;
I. M. Reynolds, David Stone; John Stone, January 20th seven
days furlough, absent without leave; J. P. Sawyer; S. W.
Smith, February 19th furlough for 30 days; J. Sanguinnett,
February 27th furlough for 5 days; T. D. Villard, Camp
Wappo; J. Wells; Jas. Warren, left rst February for 15 days,
too sick to return in time; William Warren, deserted on roth
February from Camp Wappo, recaptured 3rd March, placed
under arrest; J. D. Waddell, B. T. Walker, T. Whittle; M. M.
Whittle, left February rst for 10 days, too sick to return in
time; E. D. Watson, Camp Wappo, transferred from Company
“A” February 6th; furloughed seven days; S. Senterfit; Jacob
Mabar, discharged February 26th for disability; J. Duffie, died
February 21st in Soldiers’ Relief Hospital—pneumonia. Com-
missioned officers, 5; non-commissioned officers, 8; total, 13;
privates, 33; total rank and file, 46.

The reader will perceive that this is an army muster roll,
showing the condition of the company on the first day of
March, 1862, with a few casualties of a later date. One was
transferred to cavalry and killed in battle. One lost a leg at
Franklin. One died in hospital. Two discharged for dis-
ability. One deserted, but I hope he behaved better after-
wards. All, I believe, both officers and men, were from

Edgefield.
COMPANY K, NINETEENTH REGIMENT.

Roll of Campany ‘‘K,”’ Nineteenth Regiment, South Caro-
lina Volunteers, prepared by Captain J. B. Courtney, Trenton,
July 2nd, 1882:

A. Jones, age 55, Captain; promoted from Captain to Major.
William Gregg, age 28, Captain; promoted; resigned. W. H.
Timmerman, age 32, Captain; promoted from First Lieuten-
ant; resigned. J. B. Courtney, age 34, Captain; wounded on
460 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

railroad Georgia 1862; Nashville, Tenn., December 15th,
1864, promoted from Second Lieutenant. C. W. Randall, age
32, Second Lieutenant; wounded on M. & O.R. R. April
24th, 1862. A. L. Holley, age 32, Second Lieutenant;
wounded at Murfreesboro December 31st, 1863; promoted from
Sergeant. John B. Timmerman, age 33, Sergeant; killed on
M. & O. R. R. April 24th, 1862. Mose Harris, age 39, Ser-
geant. E. Jones, age 38, Sergeant; died of disease. G. W.
Dooley, age 55, Sergeant. Wilson Haney, age 4o, Sergeant;
killed on M. & O. R. R. April 24th, 1862. Martin Yonce,
age —, Sergeant; wounded at Bentonville, N. C., March roth,
1865. J. C. Holley, age 23, Sergeant; wounded at Murfrees-
boro, Tenn., December 31st, 1863; ty M. & O. R. R. April
24th, 1862; promoted from the ranks. Wm. Glaze, age 23,

ergeant; died of wounds at Franklin, Tenn., November 30th,
1864; promoted from the ranks. John R. Sneed, age 25, Ser-
geant; wounded at Atlanta, Ga., July 22nd, 1864; promoted
from ranks. Grice Ambers, age 40, Corporal. William Tur-
ner, age 24, Corporal; killed at Murfreesboro, Tenn., Decem-
ber 31st, 1863. J. S. Williams, age 32, Corporal. J. H. Os-
burn, age 25, Corporal. M. Hainey, age —, Corporal; killed
at Franklin, Tenn., November 30th, 1864. Charles T. Sty-
ran, age 23, Corporal; killed at Atlanta, Ga., July 28th, 1864;
promoted from ranks.

PRIVATES.

F. M. Arthur, age 28; Wm. Augustine, age 21, wounded on
railroad in Georgia; C. T. Barton, age 22; Robert Barton, age
68, discharged April 24th, 1862; John Broglen, age 28, killed
by M. & O. R. R.; John Busbee, age 35; Allen Busbee, age
24; Martin Burton, age 16; Stephen Cockran, age 25; Joe
Cockran, age 16; Jabez Courtney, age 16; Wm. Cameron, age
—; Henry Day, age 28; Samuel Ergles, age 20; Daniel Ergles,
age 16; B. Z. Fowler, age 21; Thomas Faulkner, age 20; Wm.
Glaze, age 23; John Gregory, age 35, discharged; J. H. Ger-
kin, age 25, Germany, wounded by M. & O. R. R., first man
wounded in regimeut—in engagement at Corinth, Miss.; G. W.
Giles, age 25; Sam. Green, age 28; James Green, age 32;
Jackson Green, age 27; Wm. Goings, age 30, wounded at
Franklin, Tenn., November 3rd, 1864; Ulysses Guantt, age 25,
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 461

Lexington, captured at Atlanta, Ga.; Jasper Howard, age 25;
John Hatcher, age 16, transferred to Company ‘‘B’’; James
Hutto, age 23; Marion Hutto, age 16; S. Holesenbake, age
45, discharged; John Jackson, age 25, wounded by M. & O.
R. R., discharged on account of it; F. Jackson, age 21; Richard
Johnson, age 23; Middleton Koon, age 45; Louis Koon, age
36; James Long, age 30, Abbeville; M. Long, age 21, Abbe-
ville; Wm. Martin, age 30; John Mobley, age 45, discharged;
Luther Mills, age 21, died of disease; James Mills, age 4a,
died of disease; Joseph Nobles, age 36; Joseph New, age 35;
George Uverstreet, age 33, wounded by M. & O.R. R., En-
terprise, Miss., April 24th, 1862; Henry Overstreet, age 28;
Tillman Padget, age 29, wounded by M. & O. R. R., April
24th, 1862; M. Posey, age 45; Holden Posey, age 23; Wm.
Parker, age 25; John Piper, age 32; Noah Plindell, age 25,
died in hospital; Robert Patterson, age 22, Abbeville, wounded;
Thomas Patterson, age 19, Abbeville, captured at Atlanta;
R. P. Pinson, age 18, Abbeville; H. G. Randall, age, qo,
discharged; E. Randall, age 44; John Rowe, age 25; Miles
Rhoden, age 17, died of disease, Charleston, S. C., March,
1862; Wm. Randall, age 30, killed at Snake Creek Gap, Ga;
Joseph Steel, age 23; James Steel, age 17; James Snipes, age
24; Sam. Simons, age 40, wounded by M. & O. R. R. and dis-
charged; Wade Samuels, age 24; M. Samuels, age 20; Milledge
Smith, age 18; Bennet Smith, age 44, discharged; Martin
Turner, age 22; Darling Turner, age 16; John Turner, age 23;
Dowlas Timmerman, age 28; B. Turner, age 25; J. D. Turner,
age 47; Peter Trimmons, age 19; James Walker, age 28; Wm.
Wever, age 40, wounded M. & O. R. R. April 24th, 1862;
J. P. Wages, age —, wounded at Atlanta, lost a leg; Allen
Yonce, age 25, wounded M. & O. R. R. April 24th, 1862.
Commissioned officers, 6; non-commissioned officers, 15; total,
21; privates, 79; total rank and file, roo. Killed in battle, 4;
killed by railroad, 3; died of wounds, 1; died of disease, 4;
total deaths, 12.

All were from Edgefield except a few, whose counties I
have named. The losses in this company were very light—
barely one-eighth from all causes.
462 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

COMPANY B, SIXTH REGIMENT.

Roll of Company “‘B,’’ Sixth Regiment, Cavalry:

Lewis Jones, Captain; resigned 1863. JamesJ. Gregg, Cap-
tain; served to end of war; promoted from Second to First
Lieutenant in 1862; to Captain 1863. Z. W. Carwile, First
Lieutenant; resigned 1862. John M. Ward, First Lieutenant,
served to end of war; promoted to Second Lieutenant 1862;
from Second to First Lieutenant 1863. John Bauskett, Second
Lieutenant, Richland; served to end of war. J. J. Bunch,
Second Lieutenant; served to end of war. Samuel G. Cothran
Sergeant, Abbeville; killed near Fayetteville, N. C., March,
1865. W.H. Winn, Sergeant; killed near Columbia, S. Cy
1865. Andrew Giles, Sergeant; died of wounds near Rich-
mond, Va., 1864; wounded near Travillian Station, Va. T.
Shelton Fox, Sergeant, Lexington; served to end of war; ap-
pointed Assistant Surgeon 1863; J. L. Addison, Sergeant;
served to end of war. John Briggs, Sergeant; served to end
of war; promoted from Corporal 1865. Wm. C. Hart, Ser-
geant; served to end of war; promoted from Corporal 1865.
B. W. Hard, Sergeant; served to end of war; promoted from
Corporal 1865. James Quattlebaum, Corporal; served to end
of war. M. W. Clark, Corporal; promoted from ranks 1864.
Mark Crouch, Corporal; promoted from ranks 1864.

PRIVATES.

John B. Abney, served through the war, died in 1865; C. M.
Adams, killed in a skirmish February, 1865; Geo. B. Addison,
surrendered April, 1865; W. D. H. Allen, surrendered April,
1865; Mat. Abney, Pickens Adams; Eldred N. Bartley, sur-
rendered April, 1865; Richard M. Berry, wounded at Travil-
lian Station, Va., served through; A. F. Broadwater, served
through war; Geo. W. Broadwater, wounded at Rock Fish
Creek, served through war; Robert E. Broadwater, served
through war; Robert S. Brunson, served through war; N. L,.
Brunson, served through the war; Wm. H. Briggs, served
through the war; James M. Briggs, died of disease in 1864 in
Virginia; C. M. Burkhalter, appointed Assistant Surgeon in
1864; William Busby, transferred in 1864 to another command,
afterwards wounded; Whitfield B. Brooks, killed in battle at
Travillian Station, Va.; U. R. Brooks; Isaacs Bush, served
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 463

through the war; Samuel Blackwell, died of disease in Vir-
ginia 1864; Edward Bush; Wm. LL. Claxton, killed in battle at
Travillian Station, Va.; Latayette Cogburn, killed in a skir-
mish; L. R. Cogburn, served through the war; Wm. B. Crane,
discharged 1862; Geo. W. Crouch, served through the war;
Watson E. Crouch, served through the war; Mike W. Clark;
Sam. Cochran, killed in battle at Rock Fish Creek, N. C.; J.
Pickens Denny, served through the war; Henry W. Dobey,
served through the war; John D. Eidson, served through the
war; Henry W. Eubanks, served through the war; J. H. Ellis;
Archy Fundyburg, died of disease July, 1863; Watson Fundy-
burg, surrendered April, 1865; Wm. R. Forrest, surrendered
April, 1865; Jesse M. Fountaine, surrendered April, 1865;
Adam Fulman, surrendered April, 1865; John A. Green, sur-
rendered April, 1865; Benj. F. Glanton, surrendered April,
1865; J. Wm. Glanton, surrendered April, 1865; Charles R.
Glanton, died of disease at Richmond, Va., 1864; Lewis Gian-
ton, died of disease at home 1863; David M. Glover, surren-
dered April, 1865; Franklin Harris, surrendered April, 1865;
John W. Harris, surrendered April, 1865; Jesse M. Hart, sur-
rendered April, 1865; Wm. Head, surrendered at Appomattox
1865, transferred May, 1864, to another command; James M.
Holden, surrendered at Appomattox 1865; B. O. Hernden,
Marlboro, surrendered at Appomattox 1865, transferred May,
1864, to another command; Lewis W. Holmes, surrendered
April, 1865; E. Holsenbake, surrendered April, 1865; John
Howard, surrendered April, 1865; W. J. Holloway, surren-
dered April, 1865; John Hatcher, Tillman 5. Hudson; M.
Johnson, surrendered April, 1865; David Kisick, surrendered
April, 1865; John F. Kenny, transferred May, 1864, to another
command; James Kimbrell, transferred May, 1864, to another
command; Stanmore Kirkland, transferred May, 1864, to
another commaud; J. Felder Kirkland, surrendered April,
1865; Abner Kirkland, surrendered April, 1865; Wm. E. Kil-
crease, surrendered April, 1865; Abram Kilcrease, surren-
dered April, 1865; Thomas Lanham, surrendered April,
1865; G. Lewis, surrendered April, 1865; L. W. Mays,
died of disease at home 1864; Wm. H. Mays, wounded
at Travillian Station 1864, discharged, leg amputated; Samuel
E. Mays, wounded at Travillian Station 1864, discharged, leg
464 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

amputated; Washington O. Morgan, surrendered April, 1865;
Charles R. Montague, surrendered April, 1865; Wm. Mc-
Manus, surrendered April, 1865; E. J. Miller, surrendered
April, 1865; David Myers, surrendered April, 1865; M. Robert
Munalu, surrendered April, 1865; John H. Moss, killed in bat-
tle at Travillian Station June, 1864; Matt. Moss, killed in bat-
tle at Travillian Station June, 1864; J. Wiley Mayers, killed in
battle at Travillian Station June, 1864; John Mitchell, trans-
ferred to another command May, 1864; W. E. Middleton;
James Nappier, killed in battle at Hatcher's Run; John R.
Niernsee, age 18, surrendered April, 1865; Frank Niernsee,
age 14, surrendered April, 1865; Geo. T. Piper, wounded in
Virginia 1864, surrendered April, 1865; L. C. Prater, trans-
ferred to another command; E. Padgett, killed in battle at
Fayetteville, N. C.; David Plunkett, killed at Travillian Sta-
tion in 1864; John B. Presley, surrendered April, 1865; David
Quarles, died of disease at Kilpatrick (Union) Camp; Wm.
Quarles, surrendered April, 1865; Henry R. Quattlebaum; P.
Randall, died of disease in Virginia 1864, transferred to
another command 1864; Reuben Richardson, transferred to
another command 1864; David Reynolds, died of disease in
Virginia 1864, transferred to another command 1864; W. D.
Rountree, surrendered April, 1865; Charles Roper, died of
disease at home 1864; George Rump, Colleton, surrendered
April, 1865; John M. Scott, surrendered April, 1865, trans-
ferred to another command 1864; John Scott, surrendered
April, 1865, transferred to another command 1864; Milton
Scott, surrendered April, 1865, transferred to another com-
mand 1864; Jesse Scott, surrendered April, 1865, transferred to
another command 1864; L. G. Spradley, surrendered April,
1865, transferred to another command 1864; Thomas Sego,
died of disease in 1865; E. V. Steadman, Lexington, surren-
dered April, 1865; Starling Turner, surrendered April, 186s;
Wim. H. Turner, surrendered April, 1865; Sumpter Turner,
surrendered April, 1865; Robert Turner, surrendered April,
1865, transferred to another command 1864; Wm. Timmerman,
surrendered April, 1865, transferred to another command 1864;
John N. Perry, surrendered April, 1865, transferred to another
command 1864; Geo. P. Trotter, surrendered April, 1865;
Thomas D. Villard, surrendered April, 1865; S. B. Whatley,
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 465

died of disease at home 1864; Thomas R. Williams, died of
disease at Petersburg September, 1864; A. G. Williams, sur-
rendered April, 1865; Pressley M. Williams, surrendered April,
1865; Calvil Watson, surrendered April, 1865; E. D. Watson,
surrendered April, 1865; John P. Wages, surrendered April,
1865, tranferred to another command in 1864; A. S. W. West,
surrendered April, 1865; Hezekiah Woods, surrendered April,
1865. Commissioned officers, 6; non-commissioned officers, 11;
total, 17; privates, 124; total rank and file, 141. Killed in
battle, 11; died of wounds, 2; died of disease, 11; died in Kil-
patrick Union Camp, 1; total deaths, 25. Wounds not
mortal, 5.

Losses killed in battle in this troop were rather heavier
than usual with cavalry. I have observed that cavalry seldom
suffers as much in battle as infantry.

COMPANY I, STATE TROOPS.

Roll of Company ‘‘I,’’ South Carolina State Troops—Sta-
tion Pocotaligo—February, 1864:

J. C. Brooks, Captain; L. S. Johnson, First Lieutenant;
C. H. Plunkett, Second Lieutenant; J. A. Bland, Third
Lieutenat; W. P. Delph, First Sergeant; G. W. Thurmond,
Second Sergeant; S. V. Johnson, Third Sergeant; W. I. An-
derson, Fourth Sergeant; Wm. Culham, First Corporal; J. P.
Courtney, Second Corporal; Stephen Mays, Third Corporal;
Robert D. Bryant, Fourth Corporal.

PRIVATES.

A. Adams, H. Adams, G. A. Addison, T. Broadwater, W.
Cartledge, W. H. Cumbee, M. Coon, B. Davis, W. B. Els-
more, B. Franklin, M. Franklin, W. Grice, W. Glover, Ss.
Glover, J. Glover, M. D. Green, Wm. Hill, T. Hitt, S. Hern-
don, S. Hendrix, J. Jones, R. E. Kenney, W. Lippard, M.
Lebeschultz, W. E. Legg, A. Lewis, R. Merriwether, A.
Miles, W. L. Murrell, W. D. McGhee, J.C. Mills, W. B.
Mays, L. Mayer, A. Nunberger, M. J. Palmer, El. Posey,
Jesse Satcher for E. M. Posey, B. M. Posey for Jacob Mayer,
W. Powell, James Powell, John Rhinehart, C. L. Refoe, E.
Randall, Jno. Rossan, J. Rice, Jacob Mayer, Julius Satcher,
Joe. Saunders, S. M. Williamson, Jacob Wise, Joseph D. Tur-
‘ner, H. Gulledge, Wm. P. Butler, Ed. Tankersly, M. De-
466 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

Medicis, George Miller, Timothy Thomas, J. C. Kennedy.
Total, 71.

COMPANY B, SECOND REGIMENT.

Roll of Company ‘‘B,’’ Second Regiment, State Troops,
Colonel William Fort, commanding, Pocotaligo, S. C., Septem-
ber, 1863, to February, 1864:

George D, Huiett, Captain; Thomas Jones, First Lieutenant;
Joseph Wyse, Second Lieutenant; Thomas Carson, Second
Lieutenant; Ira Cromley, Orderly Sergeant—Clerk.

PRIVATES.

H. H. Mays, T. J. Burnett, John Pardue, Holloway Claig,
Leuellen Matthews, Allen Kemp, David Holloway, Mike
Riley, Joseph Berry, Sam Dyer, Whitfield Smith, Henry
Griffith, Rufus Jones, Henry Jones, Benjamin Lewis, Isham
Culbreath, John Griffith, L. EK. Holloway, H. Hair, D. A. J.
Bell, Lewis Bean, Lod Hill, J. Weaver, G. Dorn, John Ejidson,
N. A. Burton, A. S. Powell, Dan’l Ridgell, Henry Hart,
P. L. Wright, James Smyley, E. J. Amaker, Andrew Cromer.

COMPANY B, FOURTEENTH INFANTRY REGIMENT.

Roll of Company ‘“‘B,’’ Fourteenth Infantry Regiment,
South Carolina Volunteers:

The whole company, officers and men, were from Edgefield,
so I need not repeat that statement.

Pinckney A. West, age 32, Captain; wounded at Ox Hill;
discharged at Camp Gregg in consequence of wound. James
Boatwright, age 28, Captain; wounded at Port Royal; discharged
at Appomattox; promoted from Second Lieutenant. Ezekiel
W. Rutland, age 35, First Lieutenant; died of disease at Camp
Butler October 16th, 1861. Robert B. Watson, age 23, First
Lieutenant; wounded at Frazier’s Farm and at Gettysburg; dis--
charged from Appomattox; promoted from Second Lieutenant.
John W. Bell, age 21, Second Lieutenant; wounded at Gettys-
burg; promoted from Fifth Sergeant. Ervin A. Roach, Jr.,
age 22, Second Lieutenant; wounded at Gettysburg; promoted
from the ranks. Henry Rauch, Jr., age 19, Second Lieuten-
ant; killed in battle at Gettysburg 1863; promoted from the
ranks. Francis W. Gibson, age 21, First Sergeant; wounded
at Gaines’ Mill; transferred. James H. White, age 25, First
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 467

Sergeant; killed at Petersburg in 1864; promoted from First
Corporal. Woodruff W. Holston, age 17, First Sergeant; dis
charged at Hart’s Island, N. Y.; promoted from the ranks.
John M. @orley, age 23, Second Sergeant; discharged at Appo-
mattox. John M. Lott, age 20, Third Sergeant; disch arged at:
Point Lookout. Joseph R. Huiett, age 19, Fourth Sergeant;
killed at Frazier’s Farm 1862. George Y. Langford, age 20,
Fourth Sergeant; discharged Hart’s Island, N.Y. William
W. Chapman, age 30, First Corporal; discharged Hart’s Is-
land, N.Y. William D. L. Miller, age 21, Second Corporal,
killed at Deep Bottom July 28th, 1864. Jesse Jennings, age 21,
Third Corporal, died of disease at Richmond 1862. Robert
Brooks, age 25, Fourth Corporal; died since the war. John E.
Grice, age 18, Fifth Corporal; wounded Gaines’ Mill; died of
disease at Columbia, S.C. Nathan N. Burton, age 18, Sixth
Corporal; wounded at Deep Bottom; discharged from Hart’s
Island, N. Y.

PPIVATES.

Levi W. Addy, age 20, discharged at Appomattox; David
S. Bodie, age 23, killed at Petersburg April 2nd, 1865; Felix
Bodie, age 45, died of disease at Richmond 1864; Andrew
Bartley, age 23, killed at Port Royal January rst, 1861;
Westley Bartley, age 22, wounded at Second Manassas, dis-
charged at Appomattox; Samuel Bartley, age 16, discharged
at Appomattox; Daniel Berry, age 19, discharged at Appo-
mattox; Nathan Bodie, age 25, discharged at Appomattox;
Daniel Busby, age 18, discharged at Appomattox, died since
the war; William Busby, age 18, wounded at Port Royal, dis-
charged at Appomattox, transferred to Seventh Infantry;
George Black, age 19, discharged at Appomattox; Jesse
Black, age 21, wounded at Ox Hill and Second Manassas, dis-
charged at Appomattox; Mark P. Black, age 17, wounded at
Second Manassas and at Chancellorsville, discharged at Appo-
mattox; Pressley Buzzard, age 20, died of disease at Rich-
mond 1862; John Brown, age 25, killed at Gettysburg. July
2nd, 1863; James M. Brown, age 19, wounded at Gaines’ Mill,
discharged at Appomattox; Jesse Brown, age 21, wounded at
Chancellorsville and discharged at Appomattox; Obidiah
Bodie, age 30, died of disease at Richmond 1862; Tillman
468 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

Brown, age 18, discharged at Appomattox; Hilary A. Clark,
cage 28, discharged at Appomattox; Joseph A. Clark, age 17,
discharged at Appomattox; John Crouch, age 30, wounded at
Chancellorsville and died of his wounds since the war; Wil-
liam Crouch, age 28, wounded at Second Manassas and at
Deep Bottom, discharged at Appomattox; Jacob W. Crouch,
age 18, discharged at Appomattox; J. Jackson Chapman, age
28, wounded at Chancellorsville and at Gaines’ Mill, dis-
charged at Appomattox; George W. Chapman, age 20, dis-
charged at Appomattox; Adam Chapman, age 18, wounded at
Second Manassas, discharged at Appomattox; Adam D. Cor-
dey, age 20, wounded at Deep Bottom, discharged at Appo-
‘mattox; Uriah Etheridge, age 18, wounded twice at Gaines’
‘Mill, discharged at Appomattox; Guildford Etheridge, age 25,
killed at Gettysburg Juue 2nd, 1862; Caleb Etheridge, age 21,
-discharged at Appomattox; Robert V. Faulkner, age 18, dis-
‘charged at Appomattox; Larkin Faulkner, age 20, discharged
at Appomattox, died since the war; John R. Gibson, age 23,
discharged at Appomattox; Ambrose Gibson, age 18, wounded
at Petersburg and Second Manassas, discharged at Appomat-
tox, died since; Pressley W. Gillion, age 25, discharged at
‘Appomattox, died since; John R. Gillion; age 19, wounded at
Chancellorsville and at Gettysburg, discharged at Appomat-
tox; Allen Gillion, age 31, discharged at Appomattox; Guild-
ford A. Gilder, age 18, died in Union Prison at David’s Island
—suppeosed in 1863; Joseph P. Hewson, age 17, wounded at
Port Royal, transferred to Seventh South Carolina Infantry;
William P. Havird, age 18, wounded at Gettysburg, dis-
charged at Appomattox; Andrew Hargit, age 25, killed at
‘Deep Bottom July 28th, 1864; George Harris, age 25, wounded
at Gettysburg and discharged at Appomattox; Caleb Hare,
age 17, killed at Chancellorsville May 3rd, 1863; James Hare,
age 1g, wounded at Deep Bottom and at Gaines’ Mill, dis-
‘charged at Appomattox; Pinckney W. Harris, age 17,
wounded at Chancellorsville, discharged at Appomattox; Wil-
liam A. Hardy, age 18, wounded at Gaines’ Mill, discharged
at Appomattox; Philip Jennings, age 21, discharged at Appo-
mattox; Henry Jennings, age 18, wounded at Gaines’ Mill,
lost a leg, discharged at Richmond; Matthew W. Jennings,
age 17, died in Union Prison; Lot Jennings, age 31, discharged
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 46g)

at Appomattox; James J. Jones, age 29, discharged at Appo-
mattox; Robert T. Jones, age 31, killed at Petersburg in 1864;,
Warren Laidler, age 25, transferred to Seventh Infantry;
Hezekiah K. Laidley, age 17; P. J. Lankford, age 17, died of
wounds at Port Royal 1862; Lewis M. Lankford, age 19, died
of wounds at Port Royal 1862; General McHare, age 18, dis—
charged at Appomattox; Joseph F. McHare, age 35, wounded
at Spottsylvania, discharged at Appomattox; William McHare,
age 19, discharged at Appomattox, died since; John Mathis,.
age 20, wounded at Gettysburg, discharged at Appomattox;.
Bailey Matthews, age 16, discharged at Appomattox; An-.
drew G. McGee, age 21, died of disease at Port Royal 1862;
William D. McGee, age 15, wounded at Second Manassas and
at Chancellorsville, discharged at Appomattox; Joseph McGee,
age 18, killed at Deep Bottom July 28th, 1864; Alfred Ma-
roney, age 18, transferred to Seventh Infantry; William T.
Minick, age 27, discharged at Hart’s Island; Joel Minick, age-
21, wounded at Port Royal and at Gettysburg, discharged at
Appomattox; Jacob Minick, age 22, wounded at Spottsylvania,,
discharged at Appomattox; Thomas H. Miller, age 18, killed
at Gettysburg July 2nd, 1863; George W. McCarthy, age 26,
died at Richmond of wounds 1862; Henry McCullough, age:
30, discharged at Appomattox, died since; Edgar Merchant,
age 18, killed at Port Royal January 1st, 1862; Joseph Outz,
age 18, wounded at Frazier’s Farm seven times in one battle;
John H. Outz, age 20, killed in battle near Petersburg; Thomas.
Outz, age 23, died of disease at Malvern Hill, wounded at
Chancellorsville; George Outz, age 16, wounded at Second:
Manassas, discharged at Appomattox; Lawson Padgett, age:
17, killed at Petersburg 1864; Wesley P. Padgett, age 18,
killed at Gettysburg July 3rd, 1863; Henry H. Padgett, age
18, wounded at Deep Bottom, discharged at Appomattox;:
Emri Padgett, age 17, transferred to Seventh Infantry; Nat..
Y. Padget, age 15, wounded at Chancellorsville, paroled from:
Elmira Prison; Mahlon Padgett, age 17; died of disease at.
Orange Court House, Va., 1863; M. Turner Parker, age 22,.
died of disease at Bowling Green 1862; Ezekiel A. Perry, age-
20, wounded at Second Manassas, discharged at Appomattox;
Thomas Perry, age 18, killed at Spottsylvania May, 1862;:
John L. Perry, age 16, wounded near James River, discharged.
479 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

at Appomattox; Michael Plymale, age 23, killed at Port Royal
January rst, 1862; Augustus M. Rogers, age 30, discharged at
Chimborazo Hospital; James Rogers, age 25, discharged at.
Appomattox; Martin Rogers, age 18, discharged at Appomat-
tox; Gonan Richardson, age 20, killed by train at Petersburg;
James R. Rivers, age 23, wounded at Deep Bottom, discharged
at Appomattox; Samuel N. Rauch, age 20, wounded at Get-
tysburg, discharged at Appomattox; James F. Rutherford,
age 17, wounded at Gettysburg, discharged at Appomattox;
Mastin Rowe, age 18, wounded at Gettysburg, discharged at
Appomattox; Francis M. Riser, age 18, killed at Port Royal
January 1st, 1862; Jacob I. Rauch, age 25, discharged at Ap-
pomattox; John Rowe, age 16, discharged at Appomattox;
William H. Stone, age 24, wounded at Gaines’ Mill, dis-
charged at Appomattox; John Stone, age 20, killed at Gaines’
Mill; Jackson Snipes, age 23, died of disease at Richmond
1863; Richard W. Smith, age 19, died in Union Prison, David’s
Island, 1863; J. M. Salter, age 25, transferred to Peagram’s
Battery; Jaines Salter, age 18, transferred to Seventh In-
fautry; Francis M. Snelgrove, age 20, killed at Gettysburg
July 2nd, 1863; Luther Snelgrove, age 18, discharged at Ap-
pomattox; William Sawyer, age 23, died of disease at Rich-
mond; James P. Thompson, age 25; Jesse W. Vincent, age 23,
died of disease at Richmond 1862; Jacob W. Whittle, age 17,
discharged at Point Lookout; Malachi Whittle, age 18,
wounded at Frazier’s Farm, discharged at Appomattox; Joel
M. Whittle, age 16, died of disease in Union Prison at Chester,
Penn., wounded at Harper’s Ferry in 1863; Hamer Whittle,
age 18, wounded at Gettysburg four times in the same battle,
discharged at Appomattox; Ira Whiitle, age 35, died of
disease at Baltimore in 1863; Wesley Whittle, age 37, died of
disease at Richmond in 1862; Hezekiah Whittle, age 20, dis-
charged at Appomattox; William J. Wise, age 20, died of
disease at Petersburg in 1863; Calhoun Wise, age 18, wounded
at Wilderness, lost a leg; Tyre Wise, age 16, died of disease at
Petersburg in 1863; Andrew M. Whitman, age 18, died in
Union Prison, Chester, Penn., 1862 or 1863; Larkin W. War-
ten, age 15, wounded at Chancellorsville and at Gaines’ Mill,
discharged at Appomattox; Rhyder Walker, age 18, trans-
ferred to Seventh Infantry; Henry C. White, age 20, wounded
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 471

at Second Manassas and at Chancellorsville, discharged at Ap-
pomattox; Michael J. Watson, age 17, discharged at Appomat-
tox; John Wilson, age 4o, discharged at Appomattox; John
Waits, age 16, killed near Petersburg April 2nd, 1865.
Officers commissioned and non-commissioned, 20; privates,
127; total rank and file, 147. Killed in battle, 23; killed by
railroad accident, 1; died of wounds, 3; died of disease, 17;
died in prison, 5; total deaths, 49.

The number killed in battle in this company is rather above
the average—died of wounds below the average.

The whole loss is precisely one third during the war, which
I have found to be the average loss of all the companies, the
rolls of which I have copied. Some went a little over, some a
little under. This company is the first one which I have found
to be exact. Ifthe Confederate States had in actual service in
the field during the war as many as 240,000 men, then the
actual number of deaths in battle and from the casualties of the
war, was not less than 80,000. It is true, however, that some
of the 80,000 would have died during that time; but it is true,
nevertheless, that the war slaughtered in the Southern States
60,000 able-bodied men besides rendering many others cripples
for life. ‘‘Lord, what fools these mortals be.’’

 

From the Baltimore Sun.
“THE CONFEDERATE FLAG.”’

The quarterly meeting of the Baltimore Chapter, United
Daughters of Confederacy, was marked yesterday by the read-
ing of an original poem on the Confederate flag composed and
read by the President, Mrs. D. Giraud Wright. The poem is
as follows:

‘HE CONFEDERATE FLAG.”’

“The hands of our women made it,
Baptized in our mothers tears

And drenched with the blood of our kindred
With hope for those four long years,

Across vale and plain we watched it
While the tide of battle rolled,

And with streaming eyes have we followed
The wave of each soft silken fold.
472

HISTORY OF EDGEFIFLD.

‘‘As high over our hosts it floated,
Through dust and din of the fight,
We could catch the glint of spearhead

And the flash of crimson light;
While the blood of men who bore it

Flowed fast on the reddened plain,
And our cry went up in anguish

To our God for our martyred slain.

“And we went and watched and waited
By our lonely household fire,

For the mother gave her firstborn
And the daughter gave her sire,

But the wife sent forth her husband
The maiden her lover sweet,

And hearts kept time in the silence
To the rhythmic tread of their feet.

“As they marched o'er vale and mountains,
While our banners rose and fell,

Though victory often crowned it
As the Northern hosts can tell.

But the whole world was against us;
Our battle we fought alone,

Till the conquerors —want and famine—
Bade us lay our colors down.

“Cold are the loved hands that bore it.
Stilled are the brave hearts and true,
Watching nor waiting can bring them,
Weeping is all we can do.
Light from our banner has faded,
We, in its shadow forlorn,
Have only our mem'ries left us,
And our battle flag drooping and torn.

“No hand of vandal shall touch it.
’Tis shrined in our heart of hearts
With dearest, holiest mem’ries;
And the burning tear drops starts,
While laurel we weave and cypress
For the fair, the brave, the good;
The only stain on our banner
Is the stain of our heroes’ blood.”

The poem by Mrs. D. Giraud Wright, of this city,
Confederate flag, read yesterday at the meeting of the Daugh-

ters of the Confederacy, will touch many hearts.

on the

The titanic

struggle of which the Confederate flag is the symbol, and the
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 473

noble qualities it called forth in a brave, conscientious and
chivalric people, must ever command the interest and respect
of all generous minds. AJl the world honors the magnificent
efforts of the South in behalf of what it deemed right and expe-
dient, though all the world may not view its failure with
regret. The sentiment of loyalty with which ex-Confederates
regard their flag is intelligible and commands the deference, if
not sympathy, of those who upheld the stars and stripes.
There is much that is pathetic in the memories the sight of the
flag of the Confederacy invokes, and it has inspired many
poems, of which Mrs. Wright's is one of the best.

COMPANY D, FOURTEENTH REGIMENT INFANTRY.

Roll of Company ‘‘D,’’ Fourteenth Regiment Infantry,
South Carolina Volunteers,—all from Edgefield:

Abner Perrin, Captain; promoted Major, Colonel, and Bri-
gadier General; killed at Spottsylvania. E. H. Youngblood,
Captain; wounded at Ox Hill; promoted from First Lieuten-
ant; appointed Enrolling Officer in 1863. E. 5. Mims, Cap-
tain; wounded at Malvern Hill; promoted from Second and
First Lieutenant. W. H. Brunson, First Lieutenant; wounded
at Cold Harbor, Gettysburg, and Petersburg; promoted from
Third Lieutenant. H. D. Crooker, Second Lieutenant; killed
at Gettysburg, promoted from First Sergeant; W. E. Durisoe,
Second Lieutenant; wounded at Noel’s Station; promoted
from ranks. L. W. Youngblood, Second Lieutenant; promoted
from Sergeant; transferred to Enrolling Department. T. W.
Carwile, Sergeant Major; wounded at Chancellorsville; pro-
moted from the ranks. J. B. Wallace, First Sergeant;
wounded at Chancellorsville; promoted from the ranks. B.A.
Jones, First Sergeant; wounded at Chancellorsville, Cold
Harbor, and-at Petersburg. Lewis Coleman; First Sergeant;
killed at Manassas. C. L. Durisoe, First Sergeant; promoted
from Corporal. Joe Brunson, First Sergeant; wounded at
Gettysburg and at the Wilderness; promoted from the ranks;
J. T. Gray, First Sergeant; wounded at Chancellorsville; pro-
moted from the ranks. James Paul, First Sergeant; promoted
from the ranks. Jackson Covar, Commanding Sergeant; pro-
moted from the ranks. M. T. McHenry, Corporal; wounded
at Cold Harbor; promoted Ensign. B. T. Swearengen, Cor-
474 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

poral; died of disease in hospital in 1862. John Roper, Cor-
poral; transferred to the Seventh Infantry May, 1862. W. S.
Covar, Corporal; wounded at Spottsylvania; promoted from
ranks. J. A. Colgan, Corporal; killed at Malvern Hill;
wounded at Manassas and Gettysburg; promoted from ranks.
T. P. DeI,oach, Corporal; wounded at Gettysburg and Noel’s
Station; promoted from the ranks.
PRIVATES.

W. H. Atkinson, age 33, from Aiken; T. C. Banks, age 36,
died of disease in hospital in 1864; W. V. Bartee, age 26, died
of disease in hospital in 1864; M. L. Bartley, age 17, wounded
at Gettysburg; N. L. Bartley, age 32, killed at Gettysburg;
T. W. Bartley, age 30, furnished substitute January, 1863;
James Boyd, age 44, killed at Noel’s Station; John Bridwell,
age 21; killed at Gettysburg; G. M. Broadwater, age 29; R. H.
Broadwater, age 25, wounded at Chancellorsville; J. F. Bur-
ton, age 33, discharged March 15th, 1863; L. R. Boyce, age
17, died of disease in hospital in 1863; L. H. Bryan, age 22,
Musician; W. D. Bryan, age 18, Musician; J. O. Brunson, age
16, wounded at Cold Harbor; C. A. Cheatham, age 18,
wounded at Manassas, transferred to Second Infantry in 1864;
J. H. Cheatham, age 17, wounded at Cold Harbor and Gettys-
burg; Oscar Cheatham, age 16, wounded at Cold Harbor and
Spottsylvania; M. A. Christie, age 22, wounded Cold Harbor;
B. W. Christian, age 28, wounded at Gettysburg; John Cock-
rell, age 14, wounded at Petersburg; Enos Clark, age 60, dis-
charged November, 1861; W. L. Clark, age 22, killed at Cold
Harbor; William Clark, age 20, killed at Cold Harbor; W. L,.
Coleman, age 35; L. P. Collum, age 20, wounded at Wilder-
ness and Petersburg; J. M. Collum, age 17, wounded at Peters-
burg; A. Collum, age 22; B. Corley, age 26, wounded at Wil-
derness and Gettysburg; C. S. Corley, age 22, died of disease
in hospital 1862; F. H. Corley, age 20, killed at Gettysburg;
W. Corley, age 18, wounded at Cold Harbor, discharged Feb-
ruary, 1863; C. L, Covar, age 23, died of disease in hospital
1862; J. W. Covar, age 25; L. P. Covar, age 16, wounded at
Chancellorsville; John Cosey, age 20, wounded at Chancellors-
ville; J. E. Colgan, age 17, wounded at Gettysburg; J. C. De-
Loach, age 30, killed at the Wilderness; Jabez DeLoach, age
20, wounded at Gettysburg and Noel’s Station; E. M. Dinkins,
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 475

age 24, wounded at Chancellorsville and Gettysburg; G. R.
Durisoe, age 17, killed at Petersburg; David Etheridge, age
18, wounded at Gettysburg, Joseph Gray, age 16, wounded at
Cold Harbor; W. B. Griffin, age 18, wounded at Gettysburg;
A. Grice, age 16, died of disease in hospital 1862; John
Gregory, age 18, discharged November 23rd, 1861; W. P.
Goodman, age 15, discharged April 22nd, 1864; W. W. Good-
man, age 40, appointed Sutler October, 1861; L. D. Hagood,
age 26; L, D. Hickson, age 16, wounded at Cold Harbor and
Wilderness; John Hatcher, age 26, died of disease in hospital
January, 1863; John Harrison, age 22, killed at Cold Harbor;
H. B. Harrison, age 17, wounded at Cold Harbor and Peters-
burg; John Hostillo, age 52, discharged April 3oth, 1864;
P. B. Kissic, age 24, killed at Noel’s Station, wounded at
Culpepper; H. G. Kissic, age 22, died of disease in hospital
May, 1863; M. Lott, age 22, wounded at Chancellorsville and
Wilderness; W. M. Lott, age 26, Musician; S. P. Lott, age 24,
discharged November 22nd, 1863; Paul Mapuss, age 25,
wounded at Chancellorsville; W. D. McCarty, age 17, wounded
at Cold Harbor; W. H. McClintock, age 17, discharged De-
cember 19th, 1861; J. P. Moss, age 20, wounded at Frazier’s
Farm and Chancellorsville, transferred to Second Infantry;
F. A. Murrell, age 22, wounded at Frazier’s Farm; G. W.
Murrell, age 16, wounded at Boteler’s Ford and Spottsylvania;
J. W. McCullough, age 20; William McGee, age1g; F. M.
Nicholas, age 43, discharged January 25th, 1863; A. R.
Nicholas, age 16; Samuel Overstreet, age 24, wounded at
Chancellorsville, Gettysburg, and Noel’s Station; P. P. Posey,
age 28, wounded at Gettysburg, Malvern Hill, Peterburg;
W. H. Posey, age 21, died of disease in hospital 1863, wounded
at Chancellorsville; W. C. Prater, age 48, discharged March
1oth, 1863; P. M. Prater, age 21, died in Union Prison,
wounded at Cold Harbor and at Gettysburg; N. P. Raimey,
age 23; W. D. Raimey, age 21, wounded at Malvern Hill;
Felix Ridgell, age 17, killed at Gettysburg; T. T. Ridgell, age
20, killed at Petersburg, wounded at Cold Harbor and Gettys-
burg; Cullen Rowe, age 17; Simpson Rowe, age 20; W. P.
Ryan, age 16, wounded at Noel’s Station; P. B. Ryan, age
45, discharged April, 1863; T. M. Sawyer, age 35, killed at
Cold Harbor; J. TI. Sawyer, age 17, wounded at Cold Harbor,
476 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

Chancellorsville; J. A. Sease, age 26; J. D. Smitherman, age
28, killed at Frazier’s Farm; H. A. Strom, age 17, killed at
Noel's Station, wounded at Manassas; T. C. Strom, age 17,
wounded at Chancellorsville; T. J. Strom, age 20, killed at
Petersburg, wounded at Cold Harbor; D. W. Thomas, age 25;
G. J. Toney, age 30; A. S. Walker, age 23, Hospital Steward;
W. S. Walker, age 21, wounded at Cold Harbor, Gettysburg;
O. P. Walker, age 19, killed at Chancellorsville; William Wal-
ton, age 17; John Williams, age 26, died of disease in hospital
1862; S. M. Williams, age 21; Steel White, age 45, killed at
Cold Harbor; A. G. Woodruff, age 18; John Whittle, age 42,
wounded at Gettysburg; A. W. Youngblood, age 25, pro-
moted Assistant Surgeon September roth, 1861; J. A. Young-
blood, age 17, died of diseases in hospital in 1865, wounded
at Manassas and Chancellorsville; J. M. Youngblood, age 20,
wounded at Gettysburg. Officers commissioned and non-com-
missioned, 22; privates, 103; total rank and file, 125. Killed
in battle, 21; died of disease in hospital, 12; died in Union
Prison, 1; total deaths, 34.

Total loss from all causes a little less than one-third of the
whole number, but the number killed in battle is a fraction
greater than the usual rate, being a little over one-sixth of the
whole.

COMPANY G, FOURTEENTH REGIMENT.

Company ‘‘G,’’ Fourteenth Regiment South Carolina Vol-
unteers. The following members of this company and regi-
ment were from Edgefield County:

J. T. Gordon, age 27, Second Lieutenant; Cied at Gettys-
burg of wounds; wounded at Gaines’ Mill; promoted from First
Sergeant to Second Lieutenant March 20th, 1863. J. M.
Dyson, age 20, Second Lieutenant; promoted from ranks to
Second Lieutenant February 17th, 1864.

PRIVATES.

John L. Bussey, age 18, killed at Gaines Mill; T. R. Cole-
mau, age 22, surrendered April oth, 1865; T. J. Coleman, age
18, died of disease February 9th, 1862; James E. Goff, age 18,
wounded at Fredericksburg and Petersburg; Seaborn Stalna-
ker, age 18, paroled from prison; Samuel Stalnaker, age 25,
died of wounds at Gettysburg July roth, 1863.
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 477

XXXVI.
COMPANY K, FOURTEENTH REGIMENT.

Roll of Company ‘‘K,’’ Fourteenth Regiment South Caro-
lina Volunteers: <

D. C. Tomkins, Captain, resigned in 1862. O. W. Allen,
First Lieutenant; resigned in 1862. W. L. Stevens, Second
Leutenant; resigned in 1863. James H. Allen, Third Lieu-
tenant; promoted to Captain in 1863. J. A. Landrum, First
Sergeant; killed in battle May 12th, 1864, at Spottsylvania
C. H., Va. B. B. Bryan, Second Sergeant; made Second
Lieutenant; disabled in battle 3rd of May, 1864. Simeon Cog-
burn, Third Sergeant; made Second Lieutenant; severely
wounded at Gettysburg July 1st, 1863. E. L. Strother, Fourth
Sergeant; wounded near Richmond, Va., detailed to Pioneer
Company. E.R. Mobley, Fifth Sergeant; killed at Gettys-
burg, Pa., July 3rd, 1863. J. R. Hill, Sixth Sergeant;
wounded. R. G. Johnson, First Corporal; wounded in battle—
discharged. F. L. Harling, Second Corporal; killed at Fred-
ericksburg, Va., 13th December, 1863. E. M. Outzs, Third
Corporal; killed at Fredericksburg, Va., 13th December, 1863.
J. C. Buzbardt, 4th Corporal; severely wounded at Gettysburg,
Pa., July 3rd, 1863. R.S. Tombs, Fifth Corporal; wounded
at Gettysburg, 1st July, 1863. J. U. Werts, Sixth Corporal;
died since the war.

PRIVATES.

A. B. Adams, killed at Gettysburg, Pa., 1st July, 1863; W.
H. W. Adams; W. J. Adams, wounded near Richmond—trans-
ferred to supporting force at home; W. S. Allen, appointed
Second Lieutenant for distinguished valor at Spottsylvania
C. H., May 12th, 1864, and assigned to Company ‘‘K,”’ Four-
teenth, South Carolina Volunteers, as Brevet Captain; A. B.
Amaker, wounded near Richmond, 1862, discharged 28th
December, 1864; R. D. Amaker, wounded; Alex Adkins, died
since the war; Oliver Adkins, eye shot out near Richmond,
Va., discharged; H. R. Adkins, recruit; Jesse Berry, died of
disease at Richmond; J. P. Berry, died of wounds near Rich-
mond; A. M. Buzhardt, died ot wounds in hands of enemy;
478 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

J. W. Buzhardt, discharged; Wm. Bledsoe; V. B. Bledsoe, died
of disease at Richmoud, 1862; Benj. Busby; D. P. Butler;
Goodwin Bryan, killed in battle near Richmond; Lewis Bled-
soe, died at home of measles; J. H. Cogburn, died of disease in
hospital at Richmond, 1862; Charbar Dean, severely wounded;
J. L. Dobey, killed at Gettysburg July rst, 1863; Wm. Dodgen;
Wm. Durst; Benedict Dean, died at home of measles; A. B.
Dean, received in place of Peter Rogers; Joshua Edwards; J. H.
Edwards, detailed to Pioneer Company; Gibson P. Faulkner,
severely wounded near Richmond; G. W. Free killed at Get-
tysburg 3rd July, 1863; L. M. Free, detailed to Pioneer Com-
pany; John Faulkner, severely wounded and.captured at Get-
tysburg ist July, 1863; Thos. Faulkner; Whit Glauzier, severely
wounded—Wilderness, 1864; J. M. Goleman, killed near Rich-
mond; U. J. Goleman, severely wounded near Richmond; W. J.
Graham, killed near Richmond; W. D. Graddick; Jno. A.
Green, wounded and transferred to cavalry; H. F. Green,
detailed to brass band; Joseph Harling, died at hospital; .-Lem-
uel Harling; James Harling, died at hospital; Rufus Harling,
wounded at Gettysburg July rst, 1863, also at Wilderness;
T. B. Harvey, died of wounds in hospital; Whit Harvely; Mil-
ledge Hall, died of disease at hospital; W. M. Harris, wounded;
P. B. Head, wounded and discharged; B. R. Hill; Mahlon
Hearn, killed at Second Manassas; W. F. Horn, died after war
from old wounds; Cornelius Horn; D. B. Johnston, died of
disease at hospital; Allen Kiug, killed at Gettysburg July ist,
1863; M. C. Little, killed at Chancellorsville, Va.; L. O. Love-
lace, belonged to brass band; E. M. Martin, belonged to brass
band; B. W. Mayson; J. M. May, killed near Richmond, Va.;
Silas Morse, furnished a substitute; Solomon Morse, joined
Laurens Artillery without leave; W. H. Monce, deserted_in
Battle of the Wilderness; KE. V. Mobley, discharged and joined
cavalry; John Malay, substitute for Stevens Tompkins—
deserted; Willis Neal, died of wounds at hospital; W. H. Neal,
died of wounds at hospital; John Ouzts; Martin Ouzts; Andrew
Ouzts, killed near Richmond; John W. Ouzts; James Ouzts,
killed at Gettysburg; Marion Ouzts; F. M. Ouzts; W. H.
Ouzts, severely wounded; J. L. Ouzts, killed at Wilderness;
J. H. Ouzts; B. F. Ouzts; George Ouzts, killed at Gettysburg
ist July, 1863; Franklin Ouzts, lost an arm at Spottsylvania
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 479

C. H. rath May, 1864; Jesse Parkman, killed near Richmond;
J. 8. Pollattie, left command without leave; H. D. Quattle-
baum, died of disease at hospital; Larkin Rice, wounded at
Noel Station; James Riley, discharged; Williamson Rice,
killed at Gettysburg 1st July, 1863; Peter Rodgers, exchanged
for A. B. Dean; J. L. Russell; Martin Rodgers; A. J. Rome;
J. Asa Stevens, wounded; Lafayette Stevens, severely
wounded; M. W. Stevens, killed at Gettysburg 1st July, 1863;
Thos. Steedhan, died of disease at hospital; John Sheppard;
B. N. Strother; J. L. Timmerman, killed near Richmond; A. J.
Timmerman; B. M. Timmerman, died of disease in hospital;
B. W. Timmerman, discharged; E. ‘Timmerman, severely
wounded at Gettysburg rst July, 1863; G. M. Timmerman,
severely wounded at Gettysburg 1st July, 1863; J. H. Tim-
merman; J. L. Timmerman, died of disease in hospital; R. W.
Timmerman, died of disease in hospital; F. Timmerman, killed;
W. E. Timmerman; Jno. Tompkins, died of wounds; Stevens
Thompkins, furnished Jno. Malay substitute; W. H. Turner
exchanged for Franklin Ouzts; George Turner; James Taylor;
A. C. Werts; M. W. Wooten, killed at the Wilderness. Total,
officers, 16; privates, 114; total, rank and file, 130. Killed in
battle, 22; died of disease, 14; died of wounds, one since the
war, 7; total number of deaths, 43. Wounds received, not
fatal, 26.

The deaths in this company is thus seen to be about one-
third of the whole number of enlisted menin it. This I find
to be above the average—it is rarely greater—sometimes less.

As part of the history of Company ‘‘K’’ and of the Four-
teenth Regiment, I insert the following, clipped from the Char-
leston News and Courier:

CLARK’s Hit, S. C., July 30th, 1891.
To the Editor of the News and Courier:

As a subscriber to your valuable paper, I ask the favor of
‘you to publish my letter of inquiry as to the whereabouts of
the colors of the Fourteenth South Carolina Regiment. Iwas
a member of that regiment and feel interested as to final dis-
posal of its colors. By complying with the above you will

confer a favor. Respectfully,
RUFUS HARLING. ,
480 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

In the early days of 1865 McGowan’s Brigade was holding
the right wing of General Lee’s army. Early in the morning
we were ordered to move out of our works, by the right flank,
in the direction of the South Side Railroad, to cover the re-
treating and shattered forces of Lee’s army, and soon after we
had gotten on the march Captain Dunlap’s Battalion of sharp-
shooters was ordered to the rear, deployed, and ordered to fall
back in rear of the brigade. Soon after crossing a small
stream we heard the roaring as that of distant thunder, which
we soon discovered to be the mighty host of Sheridan’s Cav-
alry in hot pursuit, and each cavalryman seemed to have a
man behind him. As soon as they would come within range,
the men behind would dismount and fire on us. We would
return the fire as often as possible. Thus for some distance
we were hotly pursued.

As soon as the brigade reached the South Side Railroad it
halted, and formed a line of battle. MHastily piling up some
rails as a protection from the advancing foe, which was a wel-
come cover to the hard pressed sharp-shooters, we fell in with
the brigade as we found it, but not long to rest, for soon the
enemy emerged from the woods into the open field ina splen-,
did line of infantry to charge a little ‘remnant of men. As
they advanced across an open field they were allowed to come
within easy range of our rifles. It then seemed that every
man was determined to make his shots count, for after two or
three volleys the enemy fell back in disorder to the woods
from where they came. Receiving reinforcements, rapidly
formed and moved to our left, and with their overwhelming
forces we were compelled to retreat in disorder.

After crossing the railroad in the direction of the Appomat-
tox River, I came up with the Color-Bearer of the Fourteenth
South Carolina Regiment, and around him were about twenty-
five men of the First, Eleventh, Twelfth, Thirteenth, and
Fourteenth Regiments. Not having time to consult as to the
better way of safety, we moved hastily on to the Appomattox
River, thinking we might cross and join Longstreet’s Corps,
which was thought to be retreating up the river from Rich-
mond. Finding the river considerably swollen and no way of
crossing, we made our way up the river as best we could.
Night coming on, we lay our wornout selves down to sleep,
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 481

and a glorious sleep it was, such as we had not had in several
nights. Next morning we were up early, ate a scanty break-
fast, and continued to move up the river, thinking perhaps we
might find some way of escape. On reaching a hill we found
the enemy had gotton ahead of us, and that we must soon be
made prisoners We then collected around the Color-Bearer,
and determined to conceal the colors of the Fourteenth South
Carolina Regiment. Then I, assisted by two others, raised a
large, flat rock, under which our Color-Bearer placed the colors
of the Fourteenth Regiment.

Captain W. L. Delph, now of Augusta, Ga., recently in-
formed me that a gentleman by the name of Bunch, from the
lower part of this State, was sent back to Virginia after the
colors of the First South Carolina Regiment, which were
placed with the colors of the Fourteenth South Carolina Regi-
ment, under the same rock, and that Bunch also got the
colors of the Fourteenth Regiment. If so, where are they?
Any information respecting them will be thankfully received.

RUFUS HARLING,
Clark’s Hill, S. C.

ATTENTION, COMPANY K, FOURTEENTH REGIMENT,
SOUTH CAROLINA VOLUNTEERS.

CLARK, S. C., June 6th, 1896.
Editor Edgefield Chronicle:

Dear Sir: The casualties of my company were published
when you were editor of the Advertiser, A. Simkins, D. R.
Durisoe, and E. Keese, proprietors. I would like to say some-
thing about my dear old captain’s gallantry on this bloody oc-
casion, but incompetency will not allow me.

The first day of July this year falls on Wednesday, the
same day of the week and the month on which was fought the
bloody battle of Gettysburg, the most eventful and disastrous
battle of the war. I have in my scrap book a clipping from
the Edgefield Advertiser of 1863, giving the casualties of our
company in that battle. I copy the list of killed and wounded.
Ponder over the list, dear old survivors and comrades, and re-
member the dear boys who fell on this memorable day.

“Killed.—Sergeant E. R. Mobley, G. W. Free, James Ouzts,
Jesse Parkman, Wilkerson Rice, M. W. Stevens.
482 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

“Wounded.—Lieutenant S. Cogburn, foot severe; Sergeant
J.C. Buzzard, arm severe; Corporal J. N. Werts, shoulder
slight; Corporal W. D. Gradick, thigh severe; W. H. Ouzts,
head slight; privates A. B. Adams, back severe; W. H. W.
Adams, leg severe; R. D. Amaker, head slight; John L. Doby,
thigh severe; Joshua Edwards, thigh slight; John Faulkner,
head and shoulder severe; T. B. Harvey, leg slight; Whit
Harvley, neck severe; James Harling, thigh severe; Rufus
Harling, face severe; Allen King, left arm amputated; B. W.
Mason, thigh severe; Martin Ouzts, thigh severe; Franklin
Ouzts, leg slight; George Ouzts, head mortally; Larkin Rice,
side slight; B. M. Timmerman, hand slight; Edward Timmer-
man, face severe; G. M. Timmerman, head slight; Geo. Tay-
lor, shocked with shell; James Taylor, back slight; R. S.
Towles, leg severe; A. C. Werts, arm slight.

‘‘Missing.—Marion Ouzts and J. T. Timmerman.

“Krilled, 6; wounded, 29; missing, 2; total, 37.

“[Signed. ] J. H. ALLEN,
“Tieutenant Commanding Company K.’’

‘This was the most disastrous battle of the war to our com-
pany. Its casualties on that day were equal to all the rest
from that time to the close of the war. Aswellas my memory
serves me, we went into the battle with 43 mea. Thirty-seven
were killed and wounded, only six being able to march back
to old Virginia. Well do I remember our orders from the
brave Query, ‘‘Hold your fire men and close in on the
enemy.’’

RUFUS HARLING,
Company K, Fourteenth South Carolina Volunteers.

HISTORY OF THE COMPANY.

For the following brief sketch of the history of Company
“K,’’ Fourteenth Regiment, South Carolina Volunteers, I am
indebted to the graphic pen of Mr. Rufus Harling, who was a
meinber of the company:

Company K was organized in 1861, under command of the
following officers: D. C. Tompkins, Captain; O. W. Allen,
First Lieutenant; W. L. Stevens, Second Lieutenant; Jos. H.
Allen, Third Lieutenant.

This company was organized from that portion of Edgefield
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 483

County commonly known as the ‘‘Dutch Settlement,’’ situ-
ated on old Sleepy Creek, whose fore-parents were from the
“Old Country’’—there were no aristocrats among them. They
owned but few slaves, but were sturdy yeomen, and did their
own work. Always had plenty of ‘‘hog and hominy’’ at
home, as the result of their own labor. Their time for school-
ing was from January till planting time; and from laying by
till gathering time. Their chief amusements were going to
corn-shuckings, log-rollings, and quiltings; but the happiest
time for them was when on Christmas eve, with their ‘‘little
brown jug,’ they went serenading, and ‘‘ate, drank, and were
merry,’’ till Christmas was over. Early in 1861 some of them
began to go to Edgefield Court House, and there they heard
sone of the fiery speeches about the ‘‘infernal Yankees’’
trying to rob us of our rights. They saw other men called
“Minute Men’’ wearing a badge, commonly known as a cock-
ade. Some of them got a badge and wore it home, it be-
ing looked upon by many with amazement, as being some-
thing very honorable to wear the red cockade. Soon there-
after this company was formed and organized. Being sup-
plied with the general parapharnalia which go to make up a
soldier’s outfit, they were bid by their dear mothers and
wives to go to the front and to do their duty for their
country.

Soon letters came from the dear boys from the Camp of In-
struction at Pole Cat. Next came letters from Pocotaligo,
saying ‘‘we are expecting a fight soon,’’ and, as was expected,
the Yankees landed and a fight occurred, in which this com-
pany took part. After the battle was over two privates of
this company went out on the battle field and captured a
prisoner, the first captured in South Carolina. These two
privates, Lemuel Harling and Russell Rhodes, went through
the war and are still living, August, 1892. Really some of
these men thought the war was about over, as they had
whipped the Vankees; but they soon learned that they had
turned up in Virginia and that they must go there.

I, being at that time a fifteen-year-old boy, at home, trying
to help my father make bread and meat for these men, will
leave the history of Company “‘K’’ blank up to April 12th,
1863.
484 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

During all this time I was miserable for fear the war would
terminate before I would take a hand in the struggle. I
could hear of the battles of Manassas and around Richmond,
all resulting in victories for the Confederates. I then would
have been glad to have heard of a defeat, because I thought it
would prolong the struggle and give me an opportunity to
take a hand. After awhile the welcome news came that Cap-
tain Stevens and Lieutenant Allen were at home on furlough
and would return to the army early in 1863. Being anxious
to return with them I feared my father would not let me go,
as he had already sent four sons to the front. Besides, being
only seventeen years of age, which was unfavorable to me.

On Sunday, the 12th of April, 1863, father and myself went
to church at Little Steven’s Creek. There we met Captain
W. L,. Stevens and Lieutenant Jim Allen, who informed us
that they would leave next morning for Virginia. After a
short conversation father took Lieutenant Allen aside, and I
heard him say: ‘‘Jim, take care of my boy,’’ and at the same
time wiping his eyes with his handkerchief. Lieutenant Allen
said: ‘‘Have your boy to meet us at Chappells to-morrow
morning.’’ We returned home and heartily ate dinner.
Mother soon got my bundle ready, which consisted of two
suits of clothes, needles, and darning thread, and plenty of
victuals, well cooked, to last me a week. About 3 o’clock
father had two horses saddled and at the gate, one for me and
one for the servant, who was to take me to the neighborhood
of Ninety-Six, so as to be convenient to take the train next
morning for Columbia. I did but little sleeping for fear the
train would leave me; but Iwas there in good time, and as
soon as the train rotled up I got aboard for the first time, still
holding to my bundle. As the train moved off I looked to see
the last of the negro and the horses. Then for the first time
tears came to my eyes, because it first dawned upon me that I
was in reality leaving home and all that was dear to me, per-
haps never more to return. When we reached Chappells,
Captain Stevens and Lieutenant Allen boarded the train. I
then felt perfectly safe. It was but a few hours run from
there to Cciumbla, the Capital of the State, which I had never
before seen. We spent the night there; next morning took
the train for Charlotte, N. C.; changed cars there for Raleigh;
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 485

then Weldon; there to Petersburg, Virginia; from there to
Richmond, where we spent the night. Next day boarded the
train for Guinea Station, which ended our journey on the
train. We then set out to find the Fourteenth South Carolina
Regiment, which was camped at a place called Camp Gregg.
It took its name from the brave General Gregg, who was
killed at Fredericksburg in 1862. He was Brigadier-General
and was commanding the First, Eleventh, Twelfth, Thirteenth,
and Fourteenth South Carolina Regiments. After three miles’
walk we found our Company ‘‘K’’ in high spirits, flushed
with the victory gained at Fredericksburg. This was April
18th, 1863, that I spent my first night incamp. Next day my
name was enrolled asa member of Company ‘‘K,’’ and with
the regiment I went to do picket duty on the Rappahannock.
Remained on picket twenty-four hours—was then relieved and
we returned to camp. We did not remain there three days, for
about the 25th of April, early in the morning, the sullen
booming of cannon in the direction of Fredericksburg was a
signal that the enemy were crossing the river.

Soon everything was astir. Orders had been issued to be
ready with three days’ rations to move at a moment’s notice.
Soon the long roll began to beat, and the hurried orders were
to ‘‘fallin.’?’ We moved in the direction of Fredericksburg,
and soon learned that Joe Hooker had crossed the river in
heavy force. Before night set in we were in line of battle
fronting the enemy, awaiting their advance. We remained
fronting them for two days without any fighting, save a few
artillery shots exchanged at long range. Early in the morn-
ing about the last of April orders came to move again. We
learned the enemy had made a feint at Fredericksburg and had
crossed the river about twelve miles higher up. We found
them strongly fortified at a place called Chancellorsville. We
bivouacked in front of them the first night, and about 9
o’clock next morning, being a part of General Jackson’s com-
mand, we moved off as though we were on the retreat, but be-
fore stnset we found ourselves completely in rear of the
enemy, whipping them most desperately and putting them in
wild confusion. Night coming on, and General Jackson being
mortally wounded, put a stop to the career of his victorious
troops until the next morning.
486 HISTORY OF EDGHFIELD.

At daylight we advanced again under command of J. E. B.
Stuart, who was singing, ‘‘Old Joe Hooker, get out of the
Wilderness!’ and the boys shouting: ‘‘Remember Jackson!”’
It seemed that every man bent forward and did his whole
duty. The enemy was moved from their strong breastworks
into the tangled thickets of the wilderness, and such cestruc-
tion I hope never to see again. Men fell almost in heaps.
The woods being dry, caught fire from the bursting of shells,
and I saw many men with every remnant of clothing burnt off,
presenting the most sickening appearance imaginable—this be-
ing a memorable picture of the first Sabbath in May, 1863.

Night coming on, the enemy having been whipped, both
seemed content to remain quiet—but there was not much sleep
for fear of a surprise. The next day it began to rain and con-
tinued to do so all day. No regular engagement took place,—
only sharp picket firing. By the next morning the enemy had
recrossed the river, leaving many thousands of their dead in
the hands of the victorious Confederates. We all returned to
Camp Gregg, leaving many of our brave boys and messmates
sleeping their last sleep. We remained in camp perhaps a
month unmolested. Duriny this time Company ‘‘K’’ was get-
ting in fresh troops from the hospital and other sources, until
we about regained our loss at Chanceliorsville.

About the first of June the booming of cannon was again
heard in the direction of Fredericksburg. Couriers again
began to dart up to our Field Officers’ tent with dispatches.
Many men began to pack up to move. even without further
orders. Soon the long roll beat again and we took up the
march towards Fredericksburg. We were now leaving Camp
Gregg never more to return to it.

Soon we found ourselves occupying the same ground as for-
merly fronting the enemy at Fredericksburg. We remained
there several days. The enemy were at bay and did not ad-
vance. It seemed that Gen. Lee got restless for a fight and
moved his army around the right wing of Hooker’s, and of
course the enemy withdrew from Fredericksburg. We moved
on for several days without coming in contact with them. We
found ourselves on the borders of the Potomac River, and it
was then even known by the privates that another great battle
would be fought north of the Potomac. The whole army
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 487

crossed over, the bands playing: ‘‘Maryland, my Maryland!’’
The troops were in the highest spirits—flushed by the victory
they had won at Chancellorsville. Shouting aud yelling almost
continually, they did not seem to think of defeat.

We still moved north—had not as yet seen the foe. We
then found we had marched through Maryland and were in
Pennsylvania. We rested fora day or so and then moved
again. Across the Blue Ridge Mountains, and then we biv-
ouacked in the Cumberland Valley. And sad, sad indeed that
it was the last before the last sleep of so many of our brave
boys. ;

Early in the morning of July rst we were ordered to ‘‘fallin,’’
and we hastily moved in the direction of Gettysburg. It was
not long before we heard an occasional roar of the cannon, and
it then became known that our advance lines had at last found
the enemy, and that we, too, would soon be engaged in battle.
As we came nearer the more constant and rapid could the firing
be heard. About 10 o’clock we came in sight of the enemy.
Without halting we filed out of the road to the right and
formed line of battle in the edge of the roads. There we saw
the wounded who had been engaged with the enemy returning
—some stating they had been cut up badly and a great many
had been captured. Col. Perrin commanded McGowan’s
brigade, to which the Fourteenth South Carolina belonged.
Col. J. M. Brown commanding the Regiment, ordered the
Regiment to lie down until other Regiments could form on our
left. We could see the enemy just in the edge of the town
behind a strong rock fence waiting for us to advance. The
ground over which we had to advance was open—nothing to
shield us from the shot of the enemy. At the word ‘‘Atten-
tion’? we formed in open field, in plain view of the enemy.
The orders were, ‘hold your fire men, and close in with the
enemy.’’ We advanced in splendid order and when in 200
yards of the enemy they opened a terrific fire on us with both
artillery and musketry, sending the missiles of death into our
faces and plowing great gaps through our ranks. Still we
obeyed orders to hold our fire. We advanced—filling up the
space made by our fallen, and when we had gotten within
about fifty yards where the enemy were posted, our lines wav-
ered, caused by filling up the spaces, and it now seemed that

i
488 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

our thin lines were destined to almost complete annihilation.
We were fired upon from right, left, and centre, and to retreat
would have been complete destruction. Just at this time Col.
Perrin, seeing our situation, came charging through our lines
and at a time when it seemed that no living being could escape
the thick flying missiles of death. But the brave Colonel
dashed along our thin lines, waving and pointing his sword at
the enemy. The men redoubled their resolutions and made a
dash for and captured the rock fence. The enemy fled in dis-
order. ‘Then came our time for sending the death-dealing
shots into their broken ranks,—equally as they had of pouring
it into our unfortunate faces as we had advanced.

Soon the town of Gettysburg was in our possession. Mc-
Gowen's brigade, under the command of the brave Perrin, had
won the day, Lut at a great sacrifice. At least one-half his
command had been killed or wounded and was compelled to
kait. Had another as equally good brigade then come up to
follow the pursuit of the flying enemy, the three days battle at
Gettysburg would have ended in a complete victory to the
Confederates.

Just here let me say in honor to the brave Colonel Perrin,
that his dashing through our lines at its most critical period,
was the most daring and gallant act I have ever seen executed.
And to him your humble writer gives credit for the victory
won on the first day of July at Gettysburg. He was compli-
mented by Gen. Lee and on the field made Brigadier-General.

I will now close my chapter and give the record of Company
“K’? from Dutch settlement, which belonged to the Fourteenth
South Carolina Regiment. It was then commanded by Capt.
J. H. Allen, and, as well as I remember, the strength of his com-
pany at Gettysburg was 43; and J am in possession of the list
of casualties sent by him to the Edgefield Advertiser. It read
thus: killed, 6; wounded, 29; missing, 2; total, 37—leaving
only6 to march back in ranks to Virginia. Besides the 6 killed,
I remember 3, at least, died of their wounds at the Field Hos-
pital in less than 26 hours.

The above casualties will show something of the severity of
the battle of Gettysburg. But this little remnant of Company
“K” safely retreated with the Army of Virginia, and finally
winter- quartered in 1863, at Orange Court House, on the banks
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 489

of the Rapidan; and had comparatively a goodlong rest. And
then we had preaching and prayer-meetings in camp.

During the winter our company recruited to almost its former
strength, and we afterwards took part in all the important
battles under Gen. Lee. There were the Battle of the Wilder-
ness, Battle of the Horseshoe or Spottsylvania C. H., Noel’s
Station, Second Cold Harbor, Ridley’s Shops, Deep Bottom,
New Market Heights, around Petersburg, Jones’ House,
Reams’ Station, Hatcher’s Run, and on the South Side Rail-
road at Trevillian Station. But in all these close regular en-
gagements Company ‘‘K’s’’ losses did not exceed that of the
battle of Gettysburg.

The small remnant of this company surrendered at Appo-
mattox under command of Captain W.S, Allen. Then, in their
well-worn old uniforms, came to their homes on Sleepy Creek
without a penny with which to begin the battle of life. But
they had not forgotten their former occupations, and any one
visiting them now would not find men of fine dress, but sit
down to dine with them you would be filled with home-raised
ham and plenty of other good things to make any one content
and happy.

Dear reader, the writer of this is quietly and comfortably at
home, with his wife and little boys, striving to serve the Master
in remembrance of His goodness to me, aud praying that Imay
meet my dear unfortunate comrades gone before.

R. H.

MRS. LUCINDA HORNE.

The History of Edgefield cannot be complete without some
notice of Mrs. Lucinda Horne, and I feel that I could never
forgive myself were I to send this book into the world without
her name in it.

In 1861 Cornelius Horne and his wife Lucinda were living
in Edgefield County near Kirksey’s. They had only one child,
William F, Horne, who was grown up. Husband and son
both enlisted in Company ‘‘K,’’ Fourteenth South Carolina
Volunteers, and as they had no home or other children, and
her whole life being wrapped up in the lives of her husband
and son, she also volunteered and went to the front with them.
She remained with them until the close of the war, undergoing
A9gO HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

all the hardships incident to a soldier’s life. She was loved
and respected by every member of McGowan’s Brigade. She
was with her husband and son in all of General Jackson’s hard
marches always on hand when the regiment went into camp
and prepared their scarty meals. When in winterquarters she
took in washing besides her own, thus making some money,
which added to their supplies. Her husband and son wore
cleaner clothes and which were nicely patched by her industry
through her love for them. Always just before a battle she
would find out where the field hospital would be and she was
always there to minister to the wounded and dying. “I
remnember,’’ writes Mr. Rufus Harling to me, ‘‘while we were
in line of battle near Petersburg in September, 1864, we had a
fight at a place called Jones’ Farm, and in this battle her son
William was wounded, and then the kind hearted mother was
ready to wait on her only son. She went with him to the hos-
pital in Richmond and nursed him so as to be able to return
home with him. Her son lived, I think, about 12 years after
the war and then died of the wound received at the battle of
Jones’ Farm. After the son’s death she travelled with her
husband in a small covered wagon, peddling until just before
her death, which was early in March, 1896.

“Mrs. Horne met with a reunion of the old Fourteenth
Regiment at Greenwood, S. C., in August, 1891, and she was
unanimously elected an honorary member of the same (the
Veterans Association) and was carried to dinner by our old
surviving Colonel J. N. Browr. I have often thought that
had it not been for this good woman I might have been num-
bered with the many whose bones have been left in Virginia,
as she gave me some good soup when I was sick, which seemed
to revive me after a spell of sickness.’’

In their journeys through the country this loving and
devoted couple, whom only death could part, sometimes ran
great risks from high water. On one occasion they undertook
to cross Half Way Swamp Creek when the water was too deep
and they came very near drowning. Providentially they es-
caped with their lives and but little damage to their goods.

This couple, whose love and devotion to each other no words
can express, were scarcely ever apart from the beginning of
the war until the death of Mrs. Horne.
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 4gt

“She was buried at Chestnut Hill beside the son she followed
so faithfully throughout the war. She was eighty-two years
old, and has left her husband behind to mourn her loss.’’

After the war Mr. and Mrs. Horne and their son were living
happily together when the son was so unfortunate as to be
thrown by a mule he was riding, and the fall so injured his
wound as to cause his death. ‘Tthe son had married some time
before his death.

I fee] that this brief record has not done justice to this heroic
woman’s career, but I have not the material to write more, and
I could not do less.

COMPANY 1, TWENTY-FOURTH REGIMENT.

Roll of Company ‘‘I,”’ Twenty-fourth Regiment, South
Carolina Vclunteers. I aim indebted to Rev. E. Capers, Colo-
nel commanding Twenty-fourth Regiment, for kindly copying
and sending me this roll:

A. J. Hammond, Captain; L. B. Weber, First Lieutenant;
Jas. M. Lanham, Second Lieutenant; R. S. Key, Third Lieu-
tenant; Thos. J. Adams, Orderly; J. H. Adams, Second
Sergeant; B. U. Lanham, Third Sergeant; T. H. Curry, Fifth
Sergeant; S. B. Lanham, First Corporal; J. H. Veldell, Second
Corporal; T. L. Tucker, Third Corporal; J. S. Reynolds,
Fourth Corporal.

PRIVATES.

M. Medlock, J. W. Carpenter, J. M. Lanham, T. P. Ander-
son, John A. Mays, A. Sharpton, Jr., J. Kimbrell, Ezra Moore,
Samuel Cook, John Bryant, H. A. Drasing, George R. Mor-
gan, Wm. Grisham, J. Grisham, Jno. Miles, G. W. King,
J. M. Riley, Jno. Shippe, John Mallet, L. H. Keitt, S. W.
Sullivan, E. Reese, S. J. W. Clarke, D. VY. Clarke, W. L.
Coleman, James F. Burton, J. E. Muse, Wm. Quarles, Robert
Breckenridge, Jas. Larke, Jas. Padgett, John Leigh, Jno.
Mays, James Howard, Wm. Harden, F.M. Coleman, W. P.
Delph, R. A. Adams, W. E. Rodgers, Ww. Bryant, Wm.
Clarke, S. Clarke, Jere. Cartledge, Samuel Cartledge, W. L.:
Miles, R. H. Williams, Jno. Hardy, J. Moore, Nicholas Bodie,
Jno. Duncan, J. W. Buff, George Allen, Juno. Permenter,
Benj. Burton, Charlie Burton, R. Murrall, Adam E. Carpen-

ter. ‘Total, 69.
492 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

Nore:—This is a copy of the original muster roll on file in
the office of the Adjutant General. E. C.
COMPANY K, TWENTY-FOURTH REGIMENT.

Roll of Company ‘‘K,’’ Twenty-fourth Regiment, South
Carolina Volunteers, prepared by Lieutenant R. A. Cochran,
commanding company at surrender at Greensboro, N. C.,
1865:

S. S. Tomkins, Captain; resigned 1862. T. C. Morgan,
Captain; promoted to Lieutenant Colonel; severely wounded at
Calhoun and Decatur; surrendered at Greensboro. Jas. A.
Dozier, First Lieutenant; resigned 1862. F. W. Andrews,
Second Lieutenant; severely wounded at Nashville; promoted
to First Lieutenant. G. W. Talbert, Second Lieutenant; re-
signed 1863. J. E. Morgan, Second Lieutenant; killed at
Chickamauga while attempting to rally a Georgia regiment.
T. M. Seigler, Second Lieutenant; surrendered at Greensboro;
promoted to First Lieutenant. R.M. Winn, Second Lieuten-
ant; killed in battl: at Peach Tree Creek. R. A. Cochran,
Second Lieutenant; in command of Company K at surrender;
twice wounded; promoted to First Lieutenant. G. McWeaver,
First Sergeant; lost a leg at Peach Tree Creek. J. A. Rey-
nolds, First Sergeant; surrendered at Greensboro. G. W.
Burton, Sergeant; severely wounded at Secessionville; P. M.
Williams, Sergeant; transferred to Gregg’s Cavalry. W. E.
Hobbs, Sergeant; killed at Atlanta 1864. J. E. Holmes, Ser-
geant; surrendered at Greensboro. G. W. Andrews, Sergeant;
severely wounded at Decatur; surrendered at Greensboro.
L. H. Kemp, Corporal; surrendered at Greensboro. P. H.
Strom, Corporal; surrendered at Greensboro. H. S. Seigler,
Corporal; killed at Jonesborough, Ga. W. W. McDowell,
Corporal; wounded at Franklin.

PRIVATES.

T. J. Adams; E. Bussey, killed at Secessionville 1862;
D. W. Christian; Tom Collins, died in hospital 1863; J. J.
Dorn, surrendered at Greensboro; Johu Dorn, died in hospital
August 7th, 1863; W. P. Dorn, died in hospital Oxtober
15th, 1863; George Dorn, killed at Jonesborough; James Dorn,
surrendered at Greensboro; J. R. Ellenberger, surrendered at
Greensboro; R. P. Geoman, surrendered at Greensboro; R.
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 493

Glaze, died in hospital August 4th, 1863; Wm. Glaze, severely
wounded at Decatur, Ga.; D. J. Gilchrist; William Harrison,
died 1863; E. M. Holmes, wounded at Franklin, Tenn.; Tom
Holiday, died incamp at Dalton, Ga.; William Hollings-
worth; P. Hamilton, died in hospital 1863; E. Harling, honor-
ably discharged; James Horn, severely wounded at S2cession-
ville; Rit Horn, deserted at Dalton, Ga.; Wm. Kidd, deserted
in route to Chickamauga; Jobe Martin, surrendered at Jones-
boro; Whitfield Martin, killed at Peach Tree Creek; Lafayette
Martin, died in hospital December 12th, 1863; W. T. Mathis,
Joseph Morris; Dave Morgan, died in camp at Dalton January
oth, 1864; T. W. Morgan, severely wounded at Franklin,
Tenn.; Pick New; Ben New, deserted 1863; Ned New, died
1862; J. T. Ouzts, surrendered at Greensboro; S. W. Ouzts,
died May 30th, 1863, from wounds received in battle at Cal-
houn, Ga.; T. J. Ouzts; Peter Ouzts, surreuderrd at Greensboro;
Isaac Ouzts, surrendered at Greensboro; Ab Ouzts, died in
hospital 1862; Marion Ouzts, honorably discharged 1862; John
Pardue, deserted at Dalton, Ga., 1864; D. Pardue, died in hos-
pital; Abram Price; L. Parkman, surrendered at Greensboro;
W. H. Rush; W. T. Robertson, strrrendered at Greensboro;
E. H. Reynolds; Alex Reynolds, honorably discharged 1864;
A. W. Reel, surrendered at Greensboro; John Shaffer, died in
hospital 1863; W. T. Stillman, died May 20th, 1863, from
wounds received at Calhoun, Ga; G. H. Seigler, severely
wounded at Chickamauga; S. B. Strom, died at home while on
furlough; J. P. Strom, wounded at Franklin, surrendered at
Greensboro; W. S. Strom, killed at Franklin, Tenn.; Hag.
Strom; G. W. Strom, surrendered at Greensboro; J. E. Strom,
surrendered at Greensboro; W. H. Strom, T. Strom; George
Timmerman, killed at Jonesboro; F. A. Timmerman, died in
hospital January 2oth, 1864; Wm. Timmerman, surrendered at
Greensboro; G. H. Timmerman, died in hospital November
8th, 1863; Dave Timmerman; S. Thonias, severely wounded
near Kenesaw Mountain; John Taylor, surrendered at Greens-
boro; G. W. Thurmond, lost his right arm and two fingers of
Jeft hand at Franklin, Tenn.; John Williams, killed at Atlanta;
William White, killed at Chickamauga; W. A. Winn, died in
hospital May 11th, 1864; E. C. Winn, severely wounded at
Decatur, Ga.; Henry Timmerman, killed at Chickamauga.
494 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

Commissioned officers, 9; non-commissioned officers, 11; pri-
vates, 73; total rank and file, 93. Killed in battle, 11; died of
wounds, 2; died in hospital, 12; died at home on furlough, r;.
died in camp, 2; total deaths, 28. Wounded not mortal, 14;
deserted, 4.

Deaths and wounded about the average. Desertions un-
usually great.

COMPANY F, TWENTY-SEVENTH REGIMENT INFANTRY.

Roll of Company ‘‘F,’’ Twenty-seventh Regiment, South
Carolina Volunteers—Infantry. I find the following names
from Edgefield in this regiment, which I give with casualties:

Jacob Staubs, age 31, Third Sergeant; killed in battle at
Cold Harbor June 6th, 1864. Jacob Boozer, age 21, Fourth
Sergeant; died of disease at Danville September 5th, 1864;
named in official reports for gallantry. W. I. Stone, age 4o,
First Corporal, died of disease at home July 4th, 1863. T. G
Attaway, age 23, Third Corporal.

PRIVATES.

William Page, age 19, (from Company “‘B’’); J. A. Atta-
way, age 19, wounded at Pucotaligo and died of his wound at
home December 21st, 1862; T. J. Bladon, age 35; J. W. D.
Bowen, age 25, wounded at Petersburg; J. T. Bryant, age 25;
C. W. Burder, age 17; Wesley Cockerill, age 24; George De-
Loach, age 24, captured Weldon R. R.; Caleb DeLoach, age
20; Allen DeLoach, age 29; William DeLoach, age 23, killed
in battle Weldon R. R. August 21st, 1864; Milledge DeLoach,
age 18; John Dean, age 37, transferred to Second Artillery;
W. T. Fulmer, age 20; J. H. Goodman, age 37, wounded at
Drewry’s Bluff; H. W. Griffith, age 35; P. B. McDaniel, age
37, killed in battle at Pocotaligo October 22nd, 1862; B..L
Murrell, age 19; D. Proctor, age 20; Ezekiel Rutland, age 16,
transferred to Second Artillery; James Smith, age 25; George
W. Seay, age 25, wounded in the trenches at Richmond June,
1864, and died at Richmond June 30th, 1864; G. W. Turner,
age 21, transferred; J, P. Weaver, age 16, killed in battle at
Drewry’s Bluff May 16th, 1864; W. S. Wightman, age 17.
Total—_28 in Company F and 1 in Company B.

Company F was commanded by Captain Joseph Blythe All-
ston and Company B by Captain Thomas Y. Simons.
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 495

On the roll of Company ‘‘G,’’ Twenty-seventh Regiment, in
the Adjutant General’s office I find the following written en-
dorsement:

“N. B.—Company G, Twenty-seventh Regiment, South
Carolina Volunteers, was Company C, Battalion South Caro-
lina Volunteers, commanded by Major Joseph Abney. The
Charleston Battalion, South Carolina Volunteers, and Abney’s
Battalion, South Carolina Volunteers, were united in 1863,
and formed the Twenty-Seventh Regiment, South Carolina
Volunteers.’’

Henry Buist was Captain of Company ‘‘G,’’ which was
made up of men from different parts of the State, Laurens,
Spartanburg, Union, Orangeburg, Charleston, &c., but none
from Edgefield.
496 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

XXXIX.

COMPANY E, SEVENTH REGIMENT CAVALRY.

J. Wash Williams, Captain; W. P. Burkhalter, age 21, died
of disease at home 1864; H. M. Burkhalter, age 19; A. J.
Coleman, age 30; A. P. Coleman, age 26, wounded at Deep
Bottom; L. E. Ferguson, age 26; J. R. Fox, age 19, died of
disease at home; W. T. Golding, age 24, wounded near Barn-
ville, scouting; W. S. Golding, age 22; F. G. Holloway, age
27; B. F. Payne, age 26, dead; J. W. Payne, age 21; W. B.
Pulley, age 22, died since the war; D. Proctor, age 21, killed
at Cold Harbor May 31st, 1864; J. M. Proctor, age 23; B. G.
Smith, age 23; W. S, Smith, age 28; G. S. Smith, age 21, died
since the war; Fred Scurry, age 30, died since the war.

The following were in Company ‘‘C,’’ Holcombe Legion,
commanded by Captain J. R. Spearman, which company was
merged in Company “‘E,’’ Seventh Cavalry:

George P. Abney, died at Adams’ Run of measles; Nichols
Burkhalter, Harry Coleman, Adolphus Gregory, Kit Gregory,
B. F. Gregory, Augustus Mason, R. W. Payne, Garlen Smith,
Jacob Smith.

COMPANY I, SECOND CAVALRY.

Roll of Company “‘T,’’ Second Cavalry, prepared by Captain
T. H. Clark, Trenton, Edgefield County, S. C.:

Names only of those men from Edgefield are here given, ex-
cept officers:

M. C. Butler, Captain; promoted Colonel August, 1861,
afterwards Brigadier-General. J.J. Bunch, Captain; left after
reorganization April, 1862, T. H. Clark, Captain; wounded
at Culpepper, Va.; served through war. Joseph Crafton,
First Lieutenant; left after reorganization April, 1862. P. M.
Butler, First Lieutenant; wounded at Culpepper; served
through war. M. A. Markert, Second Lieutenant; served
through the war. James M. Lanham, Second Lieutenant from
June, 1861, to January, 1862. R. G. Fleming, Second Lieu-
tenant, Richland, from January to April, 1862, John R. Tol-
bert, Second Lieutenant, Abbeville; wounded at Culpepper,
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 497

Va.; served from April, 1862, to surrender. J. Munroe Wise,
First Sergeant from August, 1861, to surrender. John D.
Reilly, Second Sergeant, Augusta, Ga., dead. Benj. F. Ouzts,
Third Sergeant. Samuel D. Adams, Fourth Sergeant; dead.
J. Marion Shirer, Fourth Sergeant, St. Matthew’s; Regi-
mental Color-Bearer. Thos. L. Butler, Third Sergeant; killed
at Gettysburg. Andrew Anderson, Fourth Sergeant; dis-
charged; furnished substitute. C. W. Winn, Fourth Sergeant;
wounded at Baconhall, Va. F. P. Walker, Corporal. Au-
gustus W. Glover, Corporal. T. N. Talbert, Corporal; Abbe-
ville. J. J. Eidson, Corporal. M.H. Mims, Corporal. Jabez
Ryan, Corporal; died at Manassas of disease. J. N. Griffin,
Corporal.

PRIVATES.

W. J. Adams, George B. Addison; John F. Bates, died at
Green Pond, S. C.—disease—detailed as Ordinance Sergeant;
Andrew Bates, killed at John’s Island, S.C., July 5th, 1863;
J. Wesley Barr, discharged 1862, (The originator of Barr's
legion); D. C. Bullock, W. N. Burnett, Harrison Butler; O. N.
Butler, transferred to M. C. Butler’s staff, dead; Sampson
Butler, died at Martinsburg, Va., disease; Seth G. Butler, G. B.
Blocker; Moses Bruce, killed in battle at John’s Island, S. C.,
July 5th, 1864; James P. Bryan; Wm. H. Bolton, killed at
John’s Island in battle; C. A. Cheatham, wounded at Catawba
River, dead; Wm. H. Cogburn; Randall Croft, transferred
1862 to Sixth Regiment of Cavalry, dead; J. F. Cole, trans-
ferred to Quarter Master’s department, dead; John A. Craw-
ford, dead; R. F. Coleman; Geo. M. Crafton, dead; Robt. J.
Crafton; Thomas M. Crafton, killed at John’s Island, 5ih
July, 1864, in battle; Reuben P. DeLoach, Elijah Dorn, John
B. Etheredge, Isaac Edwards; Joab Edwards, transferred 1863;
Evans, Pennsylvania, enrolled on the march to Gettys-
burg and lost; James H. Hidson; Avery Franklin, transferred;
E. B. Forrest, James M, Forrest, J. N. Fowler; N. L. Griffin,
died of wounds at Poheek Church, Va.; F. B. Griffin; John
Goode, died of wounds at John’s Island; T. W. Glover, died
of disease at Bacouhall, Va.; M. O. Glover, dead; C. B. Glo-
ver, transferred; P. B. Hanson, died at home; A. G. Hackett;
Douglas Holloway, died of disease at home; Laurence Harris;

 
498 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

Wade Hampton, Jr., promoted on General J. E. Johnston's
Staff, dead; Preston T. Hampton, promoted on General Wade
Hampton’s Staff and killed; J. P. Hamilton, Greene Hamilton,
Lewis E. Holmes, W. A. Hamlee, E. N. Henderson, T. J.
Hibler, M. B. Johnson, John D. Johnson, .M. W. Johnson,
Jesse Jay; D. P. Lagrone, commissioned assistant Surgeon;
John W. Lagrone, dead; Walter W. Lanham, John S. I,yon;
Joshua McKie, discharged in 1861; John W. Mays, killed in
battle at John’s Island, July 5th, 1864; E. A. Mims, Abney
Mims, R. F. Matthews, E. G. Morgan, D. F. McEwen, H. E.
Mealing; James P. Moss, died of wounds received at Malvern
Hill; E. V. Mobley; J. L. Nicholson, discharged; Serene
Parkman, James G. Prim, James W. Quarles, James H. Ross,
Samuel L. Roper, Hugh H. Scott; George W. Talbert, dead;
James H. Taylor, killed in battle at John’s Island; Mack
Toney, N. D. Timmerman; T. W. Vaughan, died at home,
sickness; M. B. Ward, transferred, dead; F. R. Warren.
Total from Edgefield rank and file, 103; killed in battle—all
at John’s Island, 7; died of wounds, 3; died of disease, 7;
total, 17.
Total loss from Edgefield only one-sixth.
COMPANY K, SECOND REGIMENT ARTILLERY.

Roll of Company ‘‘K,’’ Second Regiment Artillery, Lamar’s,
as furnished me by Captain P. B. Waters, January 24th,
1893, written by him from memory:

H. C. Culbreath, Captain, resigned; Philemon B. Waters,
Captain, served through war; J. Crawford Perry, Lieutenant,
resigned; Edward H. Addy, Lieutenant; J. A. Pitts, Lieuten-
ant; Felix Lake, Lieutenant; R. M. Scurry, Lieutenant, re-
signed; Wilson Abney, Sergeant; Joel R. Abney, Sergeant;
William Webb, Sergeant; J. H. Williams, Sergeant; Joseph
Watkins, Orderly Sergeant; William A. Culbreath, Sergeant;
George Berry, Corporal, wounded; George W. Mack, Corpo-
ral; Joseph Ridlehoover, Corporal; Malachi M. Pitts, Assistant
Surgeon; W. C. Barber, Sergeant Major; William Abney,
Ordinance Sergeant.

PRIVATES.

James Adams; William Arander, wounded; Lewis Arander,
transferred; Solomon Auttman, Joseph W. Banks, Wilson Barnes,
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 499

Jacob J. Barnes, William Barnes, B. W. Bledsoe; L. W. Bledsoe,
wounded; W. F. Boyd, Whitfield Brooks, William Brooks, A.
Pickens Burnett, J. P. Burnett, Ralp S. Burnett; Joseph Buf-
fington, died 1893; J. Oliver Berry, wounded; Elijah Berry;
William Berry, died; Steven A. Campbell, died; John C.
Chapman, William E. Clark; Andrew T. Coleman, Company
Clerk; Jacob Corley, lost arm; John A. Corley, West Corley,
Hardy Crouch, Noel Crouch, W. S. Crouch; V. L. Crouch,
wounded; William Crouch, H. Pope Culbreath; Ira P. Cul-
breath, color bearer; J. H. Cambee; Frank Cockerel, trans-
ferred; William Davis; Lewis Davis, died; Daniel C. Glenn,
James Goodwin, James Gosset, Crawford Griffith, George
Grifith, M. C. Gant, John Goggans; West Gentry, trans-
ferred; George Havird, L. J. Havird, Z. C. Havird, Winfield
Havird, John Oliver Havird, T. W. Halman, Milledge Hal-
man, Calvin Halman, L. Berry Hazle, William Hazle; John B.
Hill, wounded; W. R. Hunter, Tillman Jennings, Spencer
Jennings, Philip Jennings, M. H. Kempson; J. S. Kennerly,
died; Levi Koon, transferred; M. R. Lowrey, Frank Lowrey,
Joseph M. Long; George W. Long, company commissary;
George W. Long, Sr., killed; Leontine Mack, Solomon Morse;
Sret Mills, transferred; Wade Mills, killed; William Mills,
died during the war; Job McGee, transferred; West McGee,
Reuben McCarty; J. Mack McCarty, wounded; M. C. Nichols,
Wat Nichols; J. J. Odom, transferred; Willis A. Odom, J. P.
Owens, David W. Padget; West Parish, transferred; M. B.
Perry, wounded; Wesley Perry, Oliver B. Perry, Bennet Per-
ry; Milledge Pitts, killed; James S. Pou, William B. Powel,
W. M. Prather; Albert Reams, wounded; Ridley Reams,
Jordan Reams; John B. Riley, died; Derrick Riley, Samuel
Riley, T. E. Rinehart; West Rinehart, Sumter Ridlehoover,
B. F. Sample; Walter D. Spann, died; George W. Spearman,
J. F. Spearman, W. B. Stevens; David R. Strother, wounded;
William A. Strother, L. M. Smith, William Martin Stewart,
Larkin Snelgrove; T. L. Smith, transferred; William Salter,
transferred; Willis Stone, transferred; D. R. Thomas, James
Thomas, J. Pinckney Trotter, Jesse Turner, George W. Tur-
ner, Ralph Turner, Samuel Webb, Daniel Whittle; Willis
Whittle, discharged; W. W. Williams; Calvin Watson, trans-
ferred; Tillman Watson regimental commissary; Frank M.
500 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

Yarbrough, Jesse Riddle, L. Riddle, Benjamin Watkins.
Total rank and file, 149.

This number is not more than half of those who were actu-
ally connected with the company during the war.

Of these were killed, 4; wounded, 10; died of disease, 8.

ADDITIONAL NAMES.

John Aughtry, Charlés Aughtry; Elisha Attaway, wounded;
A. J. Cobler, Henry Butler, Chesley Butler, Silas Butler,
Presley Butler, Milledge Bledsoe, R. W. Bledsoe, Peter Duffy,
A. E. Dorn, George DeLoach, Caleb DeLoach; Jeremiah Mor-
gan; Ralph Morris, killed; Brown Jennings; Adam C. Ripley,
wounded; Richard Ripley, Henry Ripley, Sumter Ridlehgover,
Henry Waits, Alley Ridlehoover, Samuel Waits; Peter $chum-
pert, died; Jefferson Reams, James P. Merchant, James D. B.
Miller, John B. W. Miller. Total, 30; making a grand total
of 179.

There were several from Laurens County who were mem-
bers of this company, but their names are not given here.
Perhaps they should be, as they were in an Edgefield com-
pany, but Edgefield should have credit only for the men who
went from that county.

Wade Mills was killed by the bursting of a siege gun at Bat-
tery Reid, on James Island, while firing on the ‘‘Swamp
Angel.”

This company was enlisted in August, 1861, atd went into
service at Camp Butler, near Aiken. After the organization
the command was transferred to Fort Johnson, on James Island,
and served in the defence of Charleston until the evacuation of
that city in February, 1865. The company was the nucleus
of Colonel T. G. Lamar’s Battalion and subsequent regiment,
the Second of Artillery. In the battle of Secessionville—the
capture of the Isaac P. Smith, a Federal gunboat, and in other
engagements and skirmishes on James Island—this command
was an active participant. After the evacuation of Charleston,
which city this command had held safe from the enemy for
four long years by arduous labor on her defences and ex-
hausting exposure, night after night, under an almost con-
tinual fire of the eneinies guns, the command was attached to
the army of General Johnston and served as infantry until the
HISTORY OF KDGEFIELD. 501

surrender. There was no finer body mor better drilled com-
pany in the Army of the South. The company suffered heavy
loss in the battles of Averysboro and Bentonville in North
Carolina. This Veteran command surrendered with General
Joe Johnston at Greensboro, N. C., in 1865.

THE CITADEL ACADEMY.

In Colonel J. P. Thomas’ History of the South Carolina
Military Academy, I find the name of J. A. Crooker, from
Edgefield, as a graduate in 1850; Civil Engineer; Adjutant
Twenty-second South Carolina Volunteers in 1862; Lieutenant
Twenty-seventh South Carolina Volunteers in 1863, in what
company is not stated. He was not, however, in either Com-
pany F or B; or if he was he is not so marked as from Edge-
field.

E. J. Walker, from Edgefild, graduated in 1851; Jawyer in
Georgia; Captain Georgia Volunteers in 1861; Colorel of
Georgia Regiment, and was severely wounded at Manassas
Gap in 1863.

EF. Croft, Edgefield, graduated in 1856; planter in Edgefield
District; Captain in Fourteenth Regiment, South Carclina
Volunteers, in 1861; in battles around Richmond and Freder-
icksburg, and skirmishes; severely wounded at battle of Cold
Harbor; promoted Major; severely wounded at battle of Get-
tysburg; promoted Lieutenant Colonel Fourteenth Regiment.
After the war lawyer at Greenville Court House; Trial Justice;
member of Board of Visitors South Carolina Military Academy;
died in 1892.

A. J. Norris, Edgefield, graduated with distinction in 1860;
Instructor in Citadel Academy, resigned April, 1861; Captain
Confederate States Army 1861, resigned December, 1862;
Professor Belles Letters and History, A. A., and Second Lieu-
tenant Battalion Cadets. After the war lawyer at Edgefield;
President of the Bank; President of the Factory.

P. S. Norris, graduated with distinction in 1864; Lieuten-
ant and Assistant Professor in Hillsboro Military Academy,
N. C.; merchant in 1872; died in 1874.

J. H Bouknight, graduated in 1865; farmer.

O. Sheppard, graduated in 1865; lawyer.

T. G. Croft, cadetship from 1862 to 1865; University of Vir-
502 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

ginia 1866-67; in business in Georgia 1867-73; physician
1875-92, established at Aiken with a lucrative practice.

P. N. Zimmerman, graduated in 1886; farmer.

J. W. Outz, graduated in 1886; Civil Engineer and con-
tractor; Chief Engineer Atlanta Iron and, Steel Company.

J. H. Brooks, graduated in 1886; with the maintenance of
Way Departinent of the A. & C. Division ofthe R. & D. R.R.

B. L. Clark, graduated with distinction in 1888; Civil En-
gineer; died in 1891.

B. S. Cogburn, graduated in 1890; Principal of Long Branch
School, Edgefield County.

A. G. Etheredge, graduated in 1892; teacher.

A very interesting chapter might be given here of the ser-
vices of the cadets of the Military Academy during the War
of Secession, but that chapter belongs to the general history of
the State, and it is perhaps enough to insert here what
Major J. B. White says, closiug his report of the operations of
the Battalion of State Cadets from November, 1864, to April,
¥865:

“T regret to report the deaths of the following cadets, all of
whom died from diseases induced by the exposure and hard-
ship of service, viz.: R. F. Nichols and John Culbreath, Com-
pany A, [Culbreath was from Edgefield]; G. O. Buck, T. A.
Johnson, and R. Noble, of Company B.’’ John Culbreath
died at home.

James Y. Cuibreath, now a lawyer at Newberry, brother to
Joha, was at that time also a cadet in the Academy, and was
several times sent as a guard with prisoners to Andersonville.

Major White thus closes: ‘‘I would take this opportunity to
express my obligations to the officers under my command for
the zeal, ability, and alacrity with which they discharged their
duties, nor can I fail to call your attention to those young but
noble sons of our beloved State, the Cadets of the Military
Academy of South Carolina. Upon the battlefield, in camp,
on the march, on picket, or working upon defences, they were
teady for every emergency, manifesting at all times, and under
the most trying circumstances, a manly and soldierly aspect,
not finding fault with those in authority, but doing their duty
cheerfully and well.’’

Colonel Thomas supplements the report of Major White
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 503

with an account of the services of the cadets from the begin-
ning of the war to the close—services honorable to themselves,
to the Academy, and tothe State. Mention has been made
here, if we mistake not, of all the officers, graduates, and
cadets who were from Edgefield. Less I could not do, and
more is beyoud the scope of this work.

THE CONFEDERATE FLAG.

It is with great pleasure that Iam able to introduce among
the rolls of the Confederate soldiers from Edgefield a poem
(see page 471) on the Confederate flag. The author of the
poem is a daughter of the late Colonel Louis T. Wigfall, of
Texas, who was born at Edgefield. Some years before Seces-
sion Colonel Wigfall moved to Texas and was Confederate
States Senator from that State during the four years of strug-
gle and trial.

Of his career in life I know but little, but I was very deeply
impressed by reading a speech he made while in the Confeder-
ate Senate. I think the speech was ona resolution to suspend
the operation of the writ of habeas corpus; and Colonel Wigfall
opposed with all the zealand strength of a great mind the
passage of the resolution. He showed with all the energy
possible the evil effects that would follow and what a horrible
thing it was to take away at one stroke all the rights of a citi-
zen and all the rights of the States and reduce the whole coun-
try to the condition of a military despotisin and subject to the
arbitrary will of one man.

It was a strong plea for individual and personal rights, and
for the rights of the individual States. And his plea was suc-
cessful.

“The Confederate Flag’? is copied trom the Edgefield
Chronicle of April 28th, 1897.

HALTIWANGER.

In a notice of the Haltiwanger family on page 395 it is said
that the father of Jacob Haltiwanger, who was born March
3oth, 1785, came from Germany, and that he took an active
part in the colonial struggle for Independence. He wasindeed
an ardent Whig and fought bravely for the success of the cause

which he so ardently espoused.
Tradition has given me only one incident of his career as a
504 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

soldier illustrating the narrow escape he had from captivity or
death, and perhaps both. On one occasion the party of Whigs
to which he belonged had been attacked, routed, and dispersed.
In making his escape he ran through a field which had been
only recently cleared and there were many piles of brush in
the field. Into one of these piles of brush he was able to
crawl and hide himself without being seen by the enemy.
The Tories, however, knew that he was of the party, for he had
been seen, and they knew that he was lying somewhere about
hidden in the brush. They made a diligent search, even sur-
rounded the pile in which he was concealed and thrust their
swords into the brush, by some of which thrusts he was
severely cut; but he had fortitude enough to bear the pain
without crying out. And so he escaped without serious
hurt.

This reminds me of a story very much like it in the Annals
of Newberry (page 595), where it is related that the house of
a Mr. Townsend was burned and he barely escaped with his
life. He had just time to hide himself without having been
seen by his enemies in a pile of brush near the house. While
the house was burning the heat was so intense where he lay
concealed as to be almost unbearable. In fact, it is said that
his back was blistered by the intense heat. But he was en-
abled to bear it, and so escaped with his life. This incident
occurred, I think, in the upper part of Edgefield, that part
which now forms part of the new County of Greenwood.

Descendants of both these men are now living in Saluda and
adjoining counties, and I have no doubt that many of them are
known to each other, but they may not know of the facts here
related until they read them in this book.

From the Youth’s Companion:

BUTLER AND FARLEY.
“The bravest are the tenderest, the loving are the daring.”’

General Maury tells a story, worthy of everlasting remem-
brance, about a South Carolina soldier, Colonel Haskell,
whose arm was shattered so that amputation at the shoulder
was necessary. The surgeon was about to administer chloro-
form when Haskell said: ‘‘Stop, doctor! You must have very
little chloroform, since the enemy has declared it contraband of
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 505

war. Is it not so?’ ‘Yes, Colonel.’’ ‘Then keep it for some
poor soldier who needs it. I can do without.’’? Another anec-
dote of a similar kind is thus related by General Maury:

General M. C. Butler, of South Carolina, was seriously
wounded and maimed for life at the battle of Brandy Station.
He and a young captain named Farley had just come out of
action in the early morning and were laughing together over
some amusing incident they had noticed. At that moment a
cannon ball came bounding at them. It struck Butler’s leg
above the ankle, tore through his horse, and cut off Farley’s
leg above the knee.

Down they all went. Butler began to stanch the blood
with his handkerchief and advised Farley how to do the same.
Captain Chestnut, Lieutenant Rhett, and other officers came
running to Butler's help; but at that moment he observed that
Farley’s dying horse was struggling and seemed likely to crush
its rider.

“Go at once to Farley!’ cried Butier. ‘‘Heneeds you more
than I do.’’

They did as they were bidden, and Farley was placed in a
litter. He asked them to bring his leg and put it, too, in the
litter. Then he said:

“Now, gentlemen, you have done all for me that is possi-
ble. I shall be dead in an hour. God bless you for your
kindness. I bid you all an affectionate farewell. Go at once
to Butler.”’

That evening Butler’s leg was dressed in the hospital just
as poor Farley breathed his last. The two men had never
seen each other till that morning.

“‘Henceforth,’? says General Maury, ‘‘we shall not need to
go to Sir Philip Sidney tor an example of noble self-sacrifice.”’
506 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

XL.

TROOPS FOR FLORIDA. :

From the Edgefield Advertiser, February 11th, 1836:

Our readers are informed that an express reached Governor
McDufhe eight or ten days ago, requiring two regiments of
men from the State, for the Florida service.. A requisition of
three companies was made upon this District. The Tenth
Regiment was immediately assembled, and it is highly grati-
fying for us to record that the draft was superceded by the
prompt volunteering of the men. In all the Regiments more
men tendered their services than were required and the officers
of the respective companies were compelled to refuse many.
And as strange as it may sound to the ears of some, it is nev-
ertheless true, that we saw men with tears in their eyes, beg-
ging that they should be received. On Thursday last the
three companies were assembled at this place by order of the
Governor to be reviewed and ordered to their place of destina-
tion. A fine band of music attended from Hamburg, and
never did we see at this place a larger throng of our citizens.
His Excellency made a short, but animating address to the
respective companies—he told them they were charged with
the honor of South Carolina, and said he had no fears that
honor was safe. We looked at the officers and we looked at
the men again and again, and we will venture to say without
intending a boast that the volunteers of Edgefield, come what
may, will nobly do their duty.

In the evening they took up the march to Aiken, under an
escort of Captain Griffin’s Troop of Cavalry. They are des-
tined for Charleston, and finally, we understand, for Picalati,
Florida.

It may be important to observe that a fund of upward of
$5,000 was subscribed by our citizens for these Erave volun-
teers—and that the ladies of our village, with a patriotism and
public spirit highly commendable were most busily engaged
up to the very moment of their departure, in the making of
uniforms for Captain Jones’ Company, of this Regiment and
providing otherwise for their comfort.
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 507

We have the pleasure of laying before our readers the
names of the officers and privates.

SEVENTH REGIMENT.

James Jones, Captain; Eldred Simkins, First Lieutenant;
Edmund L. Penn, Second Lieutenant; John W. Wimbush,
Ensign; Milledge L. Bonham, First Sergeant; Charles K.
Johnson, Second Sergeant; Giles Mims, Third Sergeant;
Aquilla Miles, Fourth Sergeant; W. P. Delph, First Corporal;
Arthur Simkins, Second Corporal; Bartley M. Mims, Third
Corporal; John M. Prothro, Fourth Corporal; Julius C. Perdue,
Fifth Corporal.

PRIVATES.

Thomas G. Bacon, Wilson Bartlet, Thomas Bird, John
Bradley, B.C. Bryan, Wm. H. Bunch, Richard J. Burton,
Win. M. Burt, Edward Butler, Dennis Carpenter, Noah Cor-
ley, Enos Clark, Sherry Covar, Wincey Dorton, Ephr’m
Franklin, Casper Gallman, Milledge Galphin, William Q.
Gardner, Wm. G. Gilliam, Edmund Glascock, John Grice,
Eldred Grice, Jeremiah Hall, James Hagood, Lucius L. Hall,

Leroy H. Hall, Isham Carpenter, Thos. J. Hamilton, Isham
Haney, Wiliiam Harris, Benjamin Harrison, Henry Ward,
William Jackson, Robert Kenny, Stewart Long, William
Lyles, Sampson B. Mays, Henry Mays, Stephen Mays, Wm. H.
Mears, George Miller, John Mims, John W. Mundy, David
Murphy, Joseph Nobles, Feb. Nifholas, William Pierce, Smith
Radford, Richard Ripley, Stanmore B. Ryan, Benjamin I.
Ryan, Lewis Satcher, Ab. Swearingen, Davis Tissick, James
Swearingen, Edward Trailer, Enoch Walker, Herbert Elder,
Samuel L. Ward, R. Weatherford, J. Weatherford, William
Whitlock.

TENTH REGIMENT.

David Denny, Captain; Jesse Schumpert, First Lieutenant;
W. T. Abney, Second Lieutenant; John Johns, Ensign; Thos.
Scurry, First Sergeant; Abner Hearn, Second Sergeant; John
Smith, Third Sergeant; O. Ramage, Fourth Sergeant.

PRIVATES.

Allen Vaughn, Willis Rotton, James Edwards, A. H. Pat-

rick, George Gilman, George Heuson, Caleb Inabnet, Joel
508 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

Merchant, Wesley Barnes, William Culbreath, Simpson Cor-
ley, James Powell, A. G. McCarty, Jesse Augustine, Benja-
min Abney, Peter Berry, Arch’d Jenning, H. Raiborn, J. P.
Duffy, Jonathan Row, George Long, Benjamin Neal, J. B.
Smith, Benjamin Raiborn, J. Hughes, H. Culbreath, Lewis
Watson, A. Clark, A. Whittle, William Christian, S. Edson,
William Foy, W. Wheeler, R. Humphries, Jacob Trotter, W.
Barker, Thomas Jennings, Elisha Barker, H. Arnold, William
Corley, H. C. Etheredge, Andrew Harter, Prince Little, W. L.
Coleman, James Norrel, Alexander Stewart, Elisha Ataway,
Clark Martin, William Abney, John Perry, Jr., Walter Brown,
Charles O’Neal, Grant Scurry, A. Martin, W. G. Salter, B.
Merchant, Luber Taylor, P. McCarty, David Long, F. Mas-
sey, Joseph Gaston, George Lacook, J. W. Holly, West Cul-
breath, M. Graham, M. W. Abney.

NINTH REGIMENT.

Thomas J. Hibbler, Captain; R. P. Brunson, First Lieuten-
ant; James Veldell, Second Lieutenant; L. G. Holloway, En-
sign; Elbert Devore, First Sergeant; John B. Holmes, Second
Sergeant; Edward Morris, Third Sergeant; Wm. H. Adams,
Fourth Sergeant.

PRIVATES.

Thomas S. Adams, John Kilcrease, Robert Burton, Joseph
Lantern, D. Holsonback, Seaton Mootry, George Bussey,
George Martin, William Bowling, Hugh Moseley, Arthur
Grice, Robert Meriwether, William Bush, Jaines Martin,
James Buffington, Joel McClendon, Edward Collier, Henry M.
Nix, Luke Corley, John North, Cartlet Corley, John Prince,
Thomas Corley, Terry Quinn, John Cox, Francis Reynolds,
James Creymore, J. M. Reynolds, David Johnson, Reuben
Reynolds, Russell Doolittle, J. W. Radcliffe, James Davis,
Henry Reel, Saborn Doolittle, E. P. Spivy, Wdooly, William
Street, Solomon Eikner, Archy Smith, John Evans, Wiley G.
Spencer, Thomas Edwards, John Stedham, David Ferguson,
John Syms, Wiley Freeman, James J. Spivy, Yancy Freeman,
Amos Smith, Spencer Elmore, A. W. Shannon, William
Holmes, J. P. Terry, Lewis Hill, J. Timmerman, William Y.
Hitt, George Thurmond, H. Holsonback, Peter Williams,
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 509

Wash C. Hall, Mitchell Wells, Minor Kilcrease, Henry Winn,
George Kilcrease, Chas. G. Wallace.

After the above was in type a friend handed us the names of
the ‘‘Hamburg Volunteers,’’ which makes our list of volunteers
from this District complete.

HAMBURG VOLUNTEERS.

S. W. Cunningham, Captain; M. Penworth, First Lieuten-
ant; Beverly A. Mann, First Sergeant; W. Ladson Smith,
Third Sergeant.

PRIVATES.

D. S. Bobb, N. B. Wise, Larkin Anderson, Washington
Floyd, J. D. Atterberry, J. C. Mayson, R. S. Butler, Thomas
M. Anderson, M. F. D. Roddy, Charles C. Spann, W. Drake,
W. H. Cox, James Meelin, J. Jeanerett, S. Hyams, George H.
Fraser, John W. Yarborough, E. C. Rice, Tucker, G. W.
Chamberlin, Robert Quian.
510 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

XII.

WAR WITH MEXICO.

I am proud and happy that I am able to introduce in this
History of Edgefield the following documents, viz.: Abstract
of the last muster roll of Captain Brooks, Company of old
Ninety-Six Boys, Company D, Palmetto Regiment, showing
all the casualties. Letter from the officers of the company to
the Clerk of the Court accompanying the flag, under which it
appears that 108 men were enrolled, of whom only 28 returned
with it from Mexico. The presentation of a sword to Lieuten-
ant Joseph Abney by the Saluda (Tenth) Regiment, with the
speeches on the occasion.

The whole, taken together, reads like a chapter from the
old days of chivalry and romance. Copied and sent to me by
John R. Abney, Esq., of New York.

These, with the rolls of the troops engaged in the Seminole
War, make a proper and fitting close of the history.

Edgefield Advertiser, October 11th, 1848:

MUSTER ROLL OF CAPTAIN BROOKS’ COMPANY.

Abstract of the last muster roll of Captain Brooks’ Company
of old Ninety-Six Boys (Company D, Palmetto Regiment, }
showing all the casualties and changes which have occurred
in said company during the Mexican Campaign:

Preston S. Brooks, Captain; Joseph Abney, Second Lieuten-
ant; Lafayette Wever, Second Lieutenant; Richard S. Key,
First Sergeant; Eldred Simkins, Second Sergeant; Cary W.
Styles, Third Sergeant;. Hillery Cooper, Fourth Sergeant:
Jefferson P. Nixon, First Corporal; Wm. B. Galphin, Second
Corporal; Charles Kenny, Third Corporal; Robert Slowman,
Fourth Corporal.

PRIVATES.

John A. Addison, Leonard P. Andrews; Thomas Anderson,
transferred from Company L to Company D; John W. Arnold,
transferred from Company E to Company D; Willis Brannon,
left sick in Hamburg, afterwards joined the regiment, never
having heard of the order, discharging the sick left behind;
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 511

Horatio Blease, Wm. Betsil, Wm. Burrell, John Cureton,
Geo. W. Durst, Jasper Devore, James Goff, David Hopkins,
Wiley Holsonback, Robert E. Kenny, Edmund Melton, Alex.
McKenzie, James Marony; Henry Mallon, substitute for J. C.
Larke; Thomas B. Norvel, recruit; Elbert Padgett; Nelson D.
Philips, recruit; Alex. Sharpton; Wm. S. Smith, transferred
from Company K to Company D; Godfrey Strobel, Wm. F.
Uuthank; John A. Walsingham, recruit; Jeptha L. Wikle, re-
cruit. ‘Total, 28.

RESIGNED.

_ Wm, C. Moragne, First Lieutenant, resigned 1848; Wm. P.
Jones, Second Lieutenant, resigned 1847.

KILLED IN BATTLE.

David Adams, Second Lieutenant, killed at Churubusco
August 20th, 1847, promoted from First Sergeant to Second
Lieutenant July 8th; Wm. Butler Blocker, Sergeant, killed at
Garita de Belin September 13th, while in command of com-
pany; Lewellen Goode, Corporal, killed at Garita de Belin
September 13th, 1847; Turner Crooker, private, killed at
Garita de Belin September 13th, 1847; Henry Callahan,
killed at Garita de Belin September 13th, 1847; Thomas M.
Lyles, killed at Garita de Belin September 13th, 1847; Mathew
Martin, killed at Garita de Belin September 13th, 1847; Thomas
F. Tillman, killed at Churubusco August 20th, 1847. ‘Total,
including Corporal Brooks, 9.

DIED.

Lemons Abney, died on march to Perote August 8th, 1847;
Malachi Bettis, died at Puebla August rst, 1847; John A.
Blankenship, died at Vera Cruz June, 1847; William H. Cobb,
died at Puebla June 3rd, 1847; Nathan DeLoach, died at
Puebla June 3rd, 1847; Wm. B. Davis, recruit, died at Jalapa
May, 1848; James Duncan, died at Vera Cruz December 16th,
1847; James Fitzsimmons, transferred from Company H to
Company D—died or deserted at San Angel 12th January,
1847; John T. Gassaway, died at Puebla September 8th, 1847;
Julius N. Glover, died at San Angel September 2oth, 1847;
Jesse Hill, at Puebla September 15th, 1847; Reub. Jarral, at
Atlanta January 14th, 1846; Bolivar Jones, at Puebla July
512 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

and, 1847; John Johnson, Vera Cruz May 16th, 1847; Hugh
McMahon, San Angel December 27th, 1847; Moody McDaniel,
City of Mexico October 20th, 1847; Thomas H. Nixon, City of
Mexico October 17th, 1847; Reuben Newman, substitute for
C. Ardis, at Puebla August, 1847; John Proctor, Perote June
2ist, 1847; Wm. F. Reynolds, Vera Cruz April 4th, 1847;
Wiley Robinson, Puebla June 18th, 1847; Edward Ramsay,
died at sea February roth, 1847; Benj. Tillman, Perote Sep-
tember, 1847; Paschal Tillman, Perote August, 1847; Benj. G.
Tillman, killed accidentally at City of Mexico November 6th,
1847; John Wells, Jalapa June 8th, 1848; Jeff. Williamson,
Perote June 16th, 1847; Toliver Youngblood, Puebla October
7th, 1847. Total, 28; deserters, 5.

DISCHARGED.

Vincent Cogburn, Sergeant, discharged on certificate of dis-
ability November 1st, 1847; Lewis Covar, Corporal, dis-
charged on certificate of disability June rst, 1847; Christopher
Ardis, private, discharged on certificate June 25th, 1847, at
Puebla, by substitute; James M. Addison, on certificate of dis-
ability at Puebla December 2nd, 1847; Henry W. Barham, by
general order from Washington April 26th, 1847; Joshua
Broome, by surgeon’s certificate of disability November 27th,
1847; Anthony Delorea, on pension certificate October 27th,
1847; James D. Davis, on certificate of disability at Puebla
October 30th, 1847; Joseph H. Gassaway, on certificate of dis-
ability at Puebla November 2nd, 1847; Wm. T. Gafford, on
certificate of disability at Puebla 1847; Benj. Gill, on certifi-
cate of disability at Puebla December 30th, 1847; John Gill,
by general order from Washington April 26th, 1847; Joel P.
Hill, on certificate of disability at Perote November 2nd, 1847;
Anderson Howard, on certificate of disability at City of
Mexico December 7th, 1847; Joseph A. Jones, on certificate of
disability at Puebla December 2nd, 1847; Thomas G. Key, by
order of Secretary of War at San Angel March roth, 1848;
James C. Lark, by substitute at City of Mexico December 7th,
1847; Wm. E. Murphy, certificate of disability at Mexico No-
vember 27th, 1847; Frederick Morgan, discharged on disability
at Mexico December 27th, 1847; Joseph C. Payne, on account
of mental incapacity at Griffin January 8th; Francis Posey,
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 513

on pension certificate at Mexico October 27th, 1847; Christo-
pher Pryor, by general order from Washington at Hamburg
April 26th, 1847; Pickens B. Ryan, by general order from
Washington at Hamburg April 27th, 1847; Jeff Whitaker, on
pension certificate at Mexico October 27th, 1847. Total, 22.

TRANSFERRED.

John C. Simkins, Sergeant, promoted to First Lieutenant
' Twelfth Infantry July, 1847; Whitfield B. Brooks, promoted
to Second Lieutenant Twelfth Infantry October, 1847, died of
wound received in Battle Churubusco October, 1847.

LETTER FROM THE OFFICERS ACCOMPANYING THE
FLAG.

Edgefield Advertiser, October 18th, 1848:

We subjoin a letter from the officers of the Company of
‘“‘Ninety-Six Boys’’ to Thos. G. Bacon, Esq. It will be seen
that these gentlemen have deposited the company flag for safe
keeping in the office of the Clerk of the Court of Common
Pleas. Under this flag 108 men were enrolled, and only 28
returned with it from Mexico.

EDGEFIELD C. H., October 16th, 1848.
Thos. G. Bacon, Esq., C. C. P.:

Dear Sir: As the representatives of Company ‘‘D,’’
“Ninety-Six Boys,’’ Palmetto Regiment, we have the honor
to place into your keeping and that of your successors in office,
the accompanying ‘‘battle flag,’’ presented to our corps by
one of our own fair countrywomen and baptized in the purest
of Carolina’s best blood.

We present it to the people of Edgefield District as a voucher
of the patriotism and gallantry of her children, devoutly hop-
ing that mild vizaged peace will long permit it to remain a dis-
trict record, and in full confidence that should South Carolina be
called again to the field it will have ‘‘a place in the picture.”

Respectfully your ob’t serv’ ts,
P. S. BROOKS.
WM. C. MORAGNE.
JOS. ABNFY.
I. B. WEAVER.
514 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

Edgefield Advertiser, November 15th, 1848:
PRESENTATION OF A SWORD

To Lieutenant Joseph Abney, of the old Ninety-Six Boys:

The citizens of the Saluda Regiment, Edgefield, at their
parade of the 31st ult., presented to the above named officer of
the Palmetto Regiment, the sword which had been agreed upon
at a previous meeting for that purpose. The sword is a highly
finished one, from the Manufactory of Gregg & Haden,
Charleston, with inscriptions denoting the cause and purpose
of the gift. Col. Arthur Simkins, who was requested to act on
the part of the regiment, accompanied the presentation with
the following address:

Lieutenant Abney: I have the honor to discharge at this
moment what is to mea very pleasing duty. I hold in my
hand a sword intended by the citizens of your native regiment,
asatmark of the high appreciation with which we have all
regarded your very handsome conduct during the recent war
with Mexico. Permit me to say that many of your fellow-
citizens, and especially your early associates, watched your
individual progress through the perilous scenes to which that
war gave rise, with much more than ordinary interest. It was
expected, sir, that you would be found on all occasions fear-
lessly discharging the high duties of a soldier good and true,
and these expectations (I speak not for any purpose of flattery )
have been most fully realized. We have indeed been gratified
to recognize in your name that of a worthy representative from
Old Saluda, who bore himself wherever danger was most immi-
nent with a gallantry equalled by few, surpassed by none. We
were not disappointed in the confident belief we entertained
from the beginning, that your generous enthusiasm could re-
sult in naught, but honor to yourself and to the ‘‘home of your
nativity.’’ ‘That it has done so is doubtless, as it should be, a
source of honest pride to you and is certainly cause of con-
gratulation, to your immediate fellow-citizens. As an evi-
dence of our feelings towards you inthis matter, I now, in
behalf of the Saluda Regiment, deliver to you this sword.
Accept it, sir, in the sense in which it is meant to be given,
as a brave soldier’s guerdon. And if in the progress of the
ill boding events which thicken around us, it shall become
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 515

necessary to raise the cry ‘‘to arms for the defence of Southern
rights,’’ we know full well that this bright blade will be
among the first to leap from its scabbard, obedient to the
impulsive grasp of one who has already been tried and found
faithful.

Lieutenant Abney, with an unaffected fervor, which is one
of his highest characteristics, replied as follows:

Sir: I receive through you, the representative of the Saluda
Regiment, this elegant and costly sword, with the deepest
feelings of gratitude. The handsome manner in which you
have spoken the wishes and sentiments of your people, en-
hances if possible, the value of the gift.

This testimonial of the good will of ‘‘Old Saluda,’ the land
famous for warriors and brave men, and this high, public
manifestation of her appreciation of my services to the courtry,
is the most grateful reward I could ask, for all the sufferings
and privations I have endured in the camp and on the battle
field. It is an offering, too, by the friends of my boyhood and
by my father’s friends—by those who knew ine at an age
when the mind has no concealment, and who have a right to
know me better than all others could know. I have the
honor this day, and itis my glory and pride to receive from
the associates of my early youth, and from those who have
observed me from the cradle, ‘‘the plaudit of well done thou
good and faithful servant.’’? In the sincerity of my nature, I
thank you—I thank you all for your uniform kindness in all
the trials and difficulties of my life. In sickness, in affliction
and in battle, your warm sympathies have ever animated my
heart and invigorated my feeble body. Without this, sir, I
should not have been spared by providence to meet with you
on au occasion so full of feeling and interest.

My absence from home was attended by every anguisn that
the body or the mind could bear. Health was a blessing, by
the inscrutable will of Heaven, wholly denied me; and the
wounds inflicted by the enemy had scarcely ceased to bleed,
when my bosom was made desolate by the intelligence of the
death of an only parent, of one of the kindest and noblest and
best of mothers. Though it may indulge somewhat too
fondly, yet the heart must speak. She was the embodiment
of all the loveliness, affection, purity, and dignity of woman;
516 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

and to be a solace and an honor to her declining years, had
been the chief aim and ambition of my life; and when she was
so suddenly torn from me, I felt that the great object for
which I lived and labored had been removed. The prospect
before me was as blank as despair, as dark as the grave.

You must pardon me for alluding to a subject that you can
only contemplate with pain, but which I dwell upon with
melancholy fondness. It was suggested by the presence of
my old neighbors who know so well how to appreciate the
warmth of my feelings.

You have been pleased to speak in kind and complimentary
terms of my conduct in battle, and of my bearing in all the
appalling and exciting scenes of the great campaign of General
Scott. In every situation in which I was called upon to act,
I did endeavor faithfully to discharge my duty as a soldier,
and as a citizen of our great Republic. I could scarcely have
done less than I did do.

How could I have failed to fight while representing the
honor of my country, the character of my State, the spirit of
my District and the renowned courage of the people of my
birth-place? When we were children, we were taught to
revere the honored scars of our fathers, received in the achieve-
ment of our national Independence—we were taught their
tales of suffering, and their heroic fortitude was ever present
to our minds. If I had passed through the world without
bearing on my body some evidence of my devotion to the
Union, I should have felt that I had not completed my whole
task—that I was unequal to those who went before me.

By an accident in the transmission of the orders for raising
the Palmetto Regiment, this portion of the District was de-
prived of an opportunity of bearing her full share in the dan-
gers of the war, and as one of the few young soldiers she had
in battle, I was impelled by every feeling to endeavor to per-
form the part of aman. Do you think, sir, that you could
have shrunk from danger or death, when you were the proud
representative of the spirit of the gallant men who are now
around us—when you were the champion of the noble regi-
ment formed on my left? No, sir, deeply alive to the respon-
sibility of your position, and animated by that high spirit
which God has given you, you could have felt no fear in dis-
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 517

charging your obligations to your friends, your neighbors, and
your country.

If I had been disposed to protect myself from the hazards of
the fight, the brilliant examples of the young men whom you
did send to the field, would have shamed my weakness, and
would have raised me above my fears. Of the twelve heroic
spirits besides him you honor to-day, who went from your
midst to vindicate our national rights, one-fourth were slain in
battle, and of the remaining number, there were only two
that passed unscathed through the perilous conflicts in which
they were engaged; and I am sure that those two, in the hour
of strife, never retired fora moment from their posts. I say
it with pleasure.and with pride, that some one from Saluda
was amongst the foremost in the trench in every engagement
of the war. On that bloody day when the mettle of South
Carolina was taxed to its utmost—when the spirit of death
walked through the field, and when our glorious Palmetto
floated so gallantly amid the tumult and blaze of battle—if
you had witnessed the behaviour of your boys, you would
have been proud to call them your children. Though I was
the humblest amongst them, I have reason to declare to you
that they were ever with the first in the onset. I had deter-
mined, and I think we had all determined, never to let our
banner fall. We would have preferred to perish under the
flag, which bore on its folds the blended ensigns of our State
and Union.

But, sir, the great and honored leader of the Palmetto Regi-
ment was born and brought up only a few miles from where I
now stand, and was constantly before us, a model of virtue and
courage worthy of the proudest days of Greece and Rome.
Whilst he was bleeding in the field, how could a man of the
Tenth Regiment refuse to bleed? Whilst he was cheering his
gallant men to the charge, who couid have been a laggard? If
I could have faltered for an instant in the contest, whilst my
noble commander was dying by the hand of the enemy, I
would have been no son of yours—no son of ‘‘Saluda.’’

I reiterate to you my thanks for this most appropriate mark
of the approbation of my fellow citizens. It is the richest re-
ward that could have been bestowed upon one whose efforts
to serve you have been feeble, but sincere. I requested the
518 HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD.

committee who consulted me in regard to it, to have an eye
maifily to the metal and temper of the blade. My wishes have
been fully complied with. I shall preserve this sword with
sacred care, and if it should become necessary, I will try to
use it wellin the defence of my country—in the defence of
our own institutions, and to the vindication of justice and
honor.

 

The serious and respectful attention of the large assembly
indicated even more forcibly than the loud shouts of applause
raised by a thousand voices at the close of the ceremony, that
the transaction was regarded by all much more as a matter of
feeling than of form.
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 519
6

XLII.

SALUDA COUNTY.

Since I began to write the History of Edgefield the County’
‘has been shorn of its fair proportions. I congratulated it upon

the loss of Hamburg, but I do not congratulate it upon the
loss of that portion which has been cut off and named Saluda
County. The people of Saluda may be greatly benefited, in-
deed. Ihope they may, but Edgefield’s loss is very great.
There is no finer region of country in the State than that
which lies on Big Saluda, and which is traversed by Little
Saluda and Red Bank and other streams.

I give here the Ordinance establishing the County of Saluda,
and close the History of Edgefield with the beginning of the
history of Saluda:

AN ORDINANCE

To establish a new judicial and election County from a portion
of the territory of Edgefield County, to be called Saluda,
with boundaries as hereinafter described.

We, the people of South Carolina, by our delegates in con-
vention assembled, do ordain:

SECTION 1. That a new judicial and election county, which
shall be known as Saluda County, shall be formed and is
hereby authorised to be formed with the following boundaries,
to wit: Beginning at the centre of Big Saluda River at a
point opposite the corner of Edgefield and Lexington Counties,
thence the Edgefield and Lexington line to the corner of Lex-
ington and Aiken Counties, thence the Edgefield and Aiken
line to a point three miles North of where the public road
crosses said line near Lybrand’s old mill, thence a straight line
to ten mile post on public highway leading from Edgefield to
Columbia near the residence of J. W. Ll. Bartley, thence a
straight line to the junction of the public road leading from
Pleasant Lane with the Long Cane road near William Lott’s,
thence by the Long Cane road to Matt Mathis’ Cross Roads,
thence a straight line to Owdom’s Post Office, thence a straight
line to Little Red School House near Dr. Landrum’s old place,
520 HISTORY OF EDGEFIRLD.
6

thence a straight line to a point on the Northwestern line of
Pine Grove Township one mile North of Double Bridges, thence
along the Northwestern boundary of Pine Grove Township to
the point on the old Charleston and Cambridge road where it
crosses Halfway Swamp Creek, thence down the middle of
Halfway Swamp Creek to a point in the middle of Saluda River
opposite the mouth of said creek, thence down the middle of
Big Saluda River to the initial point; and the territory em-
braced within the said lines shall be known as the County of
Saluda. /

Done in Columbia the Sixteenth day of October, in the
year of our Lord One Thousand Eight Hunded and Ninety-
Five.

 

The Convention met September roth, 1895, and continued
to December qth, 1895, when it adjourned sme die.

The delegates from Edgefield were B. R. Tillman, W. J.
Talbert, W. H. Timmerman, G. D. Tillman, J. C. Sheppard,
and R. B. Watson.

Mr. G. D. Tillinan, as we have seen, was a member of the
Convention of 1865, which framed a constitution, which never
became the organic law, as the State had not then passed
through the throes of Revolution and Reconstruction. Are we
throuzh yet?

 

The upper part of Edgefiel’ above Saluda County was cut
off, joined to a part of Abbeville, and made into the County of
Greenwood, with County Seat at Greenwood, January, 1897.

Poor old Edgefield! dreadfully shrunk since 1817.

A PARTING WORD.

It is with a feeling of sadness, not unmingled with a sense
of relief, that I close my labors on the History of Edgefield.
The work is not perfect, no human production is, nor can be.
Still I hope that I have done something to perpetuate the
memory of some events and facts in history which should not
be forgotten. And I hope that the work will not be altogether
unacceptable to those for whom it was written—the children
of old Edgefield, whether at home or abroad.
HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. 521

It is easy to find fault with any work, for faults do exist in
all. Ican find defects in the plot and in the execution of
Milton’s Paradise Lost, though it is impossible for me to write
a poem equal to that immortal work. And so with all the
productions of all writers who have ever lived. He is a very
vain and conceited individual who thinks that what he has
done is so very nearly perfect as to be above criticism. At
the same time the critic, when he sees a defect in the work of
a writer or other artist, unless he knows the work is evil in
purpose and intent, should endeavor to put himself in the
place of the writer and consider whether he could have done
any better. Where the purpose of the book is evil no castiga-
tion can be too severe.

Children of Edgefield, it may be that this is the last work,
historical or other, that you will ever see from my pen. If it
should be so, let us in love and peace greet each other with
hail and farewell!

Newberry, S. C., May 13th, 1897.

ERRATA.

On page 198 for “‘Rev. Wm. M. Wood,’’ read ‘‘Rev. Wm.
M. Mood.’’

Page 200 in two places for ‘‘Captain David Bird,’’ read
‘‘Captain Daniel Bird.’’

On page 176 for ‘‘Harry Fall, term,’’ read ‘‘Horry, Fall
Term.”
IN DEX.

 

Abbeville, 5, 10, 25.

Abney, 12,13, 14, 16, 47, 48, 51,
58, 70; Mad Bill Abney, 97, 98:
Joseph Abney, 246, 249, 274; Jo-
seph M. Abney, 279-282; Dr. Ab-
ney, 350; Abney Meeting House,
51; John B. Abney, 275; Rev.
Mark Abney, 276,

Adams, W. W., 26, 125; Cicero
Adams, 279; Dr. J. F. Adams, 357.

Abolition Parly, 209.

Aiken, 65, 77.

Address of Mr. Jameson, 213.

Alison, 76.

Alamo, 77, 96.

Allen, Joe, 68; Major Scott Allen,
121; John C. Allen, 121-124.

Armstrong, 28.

Anecdote, 149.

Alston, Governor, 43.

An Old Memorandum Book, 116.

Anderson, 15, 53, 54, 57, 70; Ander-
son’s Mill, r12.

Antioch, 328.

A & K. Railroad, rio.

Asbil, 92.

Ashley, 5.

Augusta, 5, 18, 20, 34, 61, 76, 53,
102, 140, 144.

eat Co. K, 14th Regiment,
481.

An Act of Heroism, 402.

Anne Kennedy, 409.

A Parting Word, 520.

B

Bacon, 28; Edmund Bacon,
John E. Bacon, 245.

Bauskett, 105.

Barrett, 93.

Baker, 121.

Bates, 93, 157-

Bell, 26, 65, 74, 94.

Beldon, Dr., 47.

Berry, Rev. O.R., 18, 113.

Batesburg, 160.

Bank of Hamburg, 241.

Boulware’s Store, I12.

Boatner, 52.

Borum, 53.

Bethel Church, 159.

Bowles, Colonel, 169.

Blocker Family, 272.

179;

Bean, James P., 279.

Bonham, 74.

Bland, 77, 345, 119.

Bauknight, 78.

Boykin, 13.

Boyd, 111.

Blanding, 25.

Bledsoe, 69.

Bull, William and Stephen, 117.

Beaver Daim, 53.

Bush River, 53. 37, 136.

Bussey, Rev. G. W., 113.

Brown, the Tory, 132.

Brooks, 26, 28, 44, 47, 59, 55, 14, 6,
18, 265.

Butler, 32, 26, 28; Butler History,
30-46.

Bowie, 58, 59, 62, 77, 96.

Building Fort Keowee, 9.

Broad River, 24, 67.

Burkhalter, Dr. C. M , 362.

Butler and Farley, 504.

Cc

Churches, Methodist, 290-298; Pres-
byterian, 299-302; Lutheran, 302-
305; Baptist, 306-328; Catholic,
328; Episcopal, 328; Second Ad-
ventists, 329; Universalists, 329.

Caldwell, 28, 61, 127; James J. Cald-
well, 178.

Campbellton, 102-107, 112, 130, 145.

Carroll, 28, 79, 100; J. P. Carroll,
263.

Coates, Hannah, 121.

Chapman, Giles, 201, 99.

Chamberlain at Edgefield, 261.

Change of Rule Military to Radical,

350.

Chatham, Captain, 222, 223.

Chapultepec, 108.

Chota, 115.

Catawba, 6.

Cameron, 17, 78.

Camden, I9, 27, 42.

Caradine’s Ford, 39.

Calhoun, 43, 99, 100, 143.

Carson, Wade, 47, 48, 111; Carsons,
&c., 14, 15.

Chester, Io.

Changes in Names, 19.

Chicago, 21.

Charleston, Conference Saluda Old
Town, Io.
II

Charlton, Captain, 87.

Christian Priber, 21.

Chappells, 14, 15.

Choctaws, 22.

Champion, 48.

Crockett, 77.

Crouch, 89, 99.

Crouder, 89, 97, 99.

Cruger, 36, 67, 72; Mrs. Cruger at
Ninety-Six, 152.

Cuffeetown, 53.

Clay, Henry, 210, 211.

Clary, Colonel, 134.

Clarke, Colonel, 132, 137, 153.

Cogburn, 125.

Cooner, 125.

Carson, 125.

Crozier, Calvin, 251, 252.

Compromise Missouri, 211.

Convention, 212; Convention
1868, 257.

Contest, Legislature and Governor,

of

253.

County of Aiken, 258.

Cowpens, 138.

Charlottesville, 107.

Curryton, 105, 106, 112.

Clark’s Hill, 109.

Cloud, Mrs., 7; Cloud’s Creek, 32,
37, 55, 66, 68, 69, 72, 78.

Carghill, 67, 68, 95.

Charlotte, 42, 47.

Callett, Connor, 54, 75.

Christie, Robert, 47.

Clemson, T. G., 99, I00.

Coosawhatchie, 35.

Colemans, &c., 18, 83; Dr. Wm.
Coleman, 361.

Congarees, 7, 8.

Condition of the County, 72.

Colson, Jacob, 57.

Corley, 38-41, 94, 149.

Creeks, Cherokees, &c., 5, 17, 18-
23, 56, 65.

Cuba, 41.

Culbreaths, &c., II, 12.

Cunningham, 16, 33, 39-41, 47. 56-
60, 62, 67-71; Cunninghan’s
Raid, 70, 95, 145, 149, ISI.

Clerks of Court, Sheriffs, &c., 417.

Crofton, 108; Bennett Crofton, 135,
136.

Crooksbank, Ir.

Culpepper, 121.

Chavis’ Creek, 108.

C., C. & A. Railroad, 160.

Cotton, prices in 180%, 1818, 1819,
1820, 1822, and 1824, 410-413.

Confederate Flag (poem, 471), 503.

Citadel Academy, 501.

INDFX.

COMPANY ROLLS:
G, 1st Regiment—Gregg’s, 424.
BE, 1st Regiment—Gregg’s, 427.
H, 3rd Regiment, 427.
E, 7th Regiment, 428.
F, 7th Regiment, 429.
I, 24th Regiment, 491.
G, 7th Regiment, 434.
I, 7th Regiment, 436.
K, 7th Regiment, 438.
M, 7th Regiment, 439.
K. 2nd Regiment Artillery, 498.
A, Igth Regiment, 442.
B, 19th Regiment, 446.
C, 19th Regiment, 449.
D, 19th Regiment, 453.
F, 19th Regiment, 458.
K, 19th Regiment, 459.
B, 6th Cavalry, 462.
I, State Troops, 465.
B, 2nd Reginient, State Troops, 466.
B, 14th Regiment, 466.
D, 14th Regiment, 473.
G, 14th Regiment, 476.
K, 14th Regiment, 477.
Sergeant Dick Clary’s List, 433.
Troops for Florida, 506.
From 7th Regiment, 507.
From i1oth Regiment, 507.
From gth Regiment, 508.
From Hamburg, 504.
Troops for Mexico, 510.
Captain Brooks’ Company, 5Io.
Killed, Died, Discharged, 511-512
Nimety-Six Riflemen, 418.
Cherokee Pond Guards, 419.
Denny’s Company, 419.
Edgefield Riflemen, 420.
Ninth Regiment Militia, 421, 422.
Edgefield Hussars, 423.
D

Daugherty, 5.

Davis, Jefferson, 76, 88.

Daniels, 65, 89.

Day, IIT.

Davidson, General, 144.

Dark Corner, 114, 115.

Dalton, Ga., 221.

Damascus, 315.

Dean, 96; Dean’s Swamp, 37, 149.

Deering, 100.

Dent, Captain, 43.

DeLoach, 4r.

Deshan, 47, 48.

Denny, 73, 77, 89, 93; Colonel Den-
ny, 380.

DeLaughter, 105, 111, 112.

Delegates from Edgefield, 213.

Death of an aged lady, Mrs. Blocker,
273.
INDEX.

Dillard, Mrs., 153.

Division of the District, 94; Divis-
ion of Ninety-Six into Districts, 5.

Dooly, Colonel, 134.

Dorn, -113; W. B. Dorn, 206; Dorn’s
Mill, 115; Dornville, 113.

Lorenzo Dow, 52.

Dozier, Miss Lizzie, 87; Abram Giles
Dozier, 182.:

Duff, Daniel, 127.

Dunmore, Governor, 133.

Dunlap, John, 182.

Dunovant, R. G. M., 264.

Dry Creek, 307.

E

Edistos, 6, 129.

Edgefield, 316; Edgefield Village,
416; Edgefield Village Academy,
28; Edgefield Historical Hints,
365; Edgefield County and Town
—Descriptive, 366.

Education, 25, 92, 333.

Edwards, 54, 72, 74, 79, 97, 99, 207.

Emory Chapel, 78, 92.

Eutaw, 132.

Euchees, 6.

Episcopal, 328.

Eskridge, Capt., 63.

Etheredge, Henry, 68, 70.

Enoree, 24.

Elzey, Col. Lewis, 403-406.

Errata, 521.

Fairchild, Capt., 7.

Ferries—Saluda, 15; Ferries—After
the Revolution, 53.

Fight at Edgefield, 84.

First Settlement, 5.

Fletchall, Col., 57.

Folk, Dr. H. M., 78.

Fort Prince George, 10; Fort Moore,
20; Fort Sumter—Attack on, 217.

Ferguson, 73.

Francis, Capt., 7.

Fruit Hill and Vicinity, 121.

Fires ingEdgefield, 413-415.

Furlough, An oe 440.

Gary, Gen. M. W., 260, 262, 268.

Gantt, Judge Richard, 175.

Galphin, 155, 157, 131.

Glascock, John S., 183.

Gervais, G., 131.

Goodwyn, Charles, 182.

Governor and Legislature 1865, 257.

Griffin, N. L., 183; Griffin, Col. Jas.
B., 266; Griffin, Prof., 113.

Gray, Charles Martin, 191.

Gregg, Wm., 266, £00.

TIT

Grimke, John F., 174.
Gould, a poo
Glenn, 7, 9.
Greene, General, 32, 35. 67, 68, 154.
Gettysburg, 124. cae ”
Goodwin, 121.
Goudy, Robert, 20.
Gardner, III.
Grant, Col., 7.
Great Demoralization, 73.
Greek Art, 88.
Grigsby, Enoch, 96, 97.
Gaines’ Mill, 428.
Greenwood County, 520.
Geiger, Dr. W. W., 354.
H

Hamburg. Incorporated, 241; Ham-
burg, 20, 103, 104, 106, 108;- His-
tory of Hamburg, 536.

Hamilton, Joseph, 58; Col. and Capt.
Hamilton, 50.

Hanimond, 65, 71, 104, 107, I5I;
LeRoy Hammond, 130-133, A. J.
Hammond, 262; LeRoy and Sam-
uel Hammond, 129-142; Samuel
Hammond, 133-139.

Hampton, Gen., 42; Edward Hamp-
ton, 137; Governor Hampton, 262.

History Co. K, 14th Regiment, 482-
489.

Harrisburg, 103.

Hill, Gen. D. H., 25; Led Hill,
Lovett Hill, Henry Hill, et al., 96.

Herlong, Revs. Henry and Vastiue,
91, 92.

Henderson, General, 36.

Hazels, II, 12.

Higgins, 15, 52.

Hodges, 82.

Maj. Hodge, 91.

Holston, Stephen, 8, 9.

Holstein, Lieutenant Hiram, 89.

Howard, Seth, 54.

Huiett, Townships 55, 66.

Haltiwanger, 395-398, 503.

Horn’s Creek, 120.

Hobbs, William E., 123.

Hooker, at Chancellorsville, 232.

Haddon, Joseph, 287.

Horne, Mrs. Lucinda, 489-491.

{

Inconvenience of Settlers, 18.
In Hospital, 225.
J

Jay’s Treaty, 42; William Jay, 47.

Jennings, 26; Robert W. Jennings,
378; Misses Mary and Louise Jen-
nings, 380; Dr. W. D. Jennings,
354+ :
Iv

John’s Creek, 7.

Johnson, Charles K,, 26, 28; Col.
Richard Johnson, 145.

Jones, Matthews, 78, 109; Calvin
Jones, 136; General James Jones,
382; Capt. Lewis Jones, 378.

Journey of Washington, 51.

Jeter, John S., 179.

K

Kansas—Nebraska Bill, 79; Kansas
Troubles, 208.

Kelly’s Road, 15-16.

Kennedy, 47, 52.

Kennerly, Dr. J. W., 66.

King’s Mountain, 73.

Kinard, Calvin W., 54.

Keowee, 9.

Kirkland, Joseph, 19; Moses Kirk-
land, 16, 17, 56, 67.

L

Lake, Dr. John, 353.

La Borde, 28.

Landrum, Dr. John, 263.

Lee, Col., 35, 36, 37, 132.

Long Cane, 20, 21.

Lipscomb, 96.

List of Capt. Zack Smith Brooks’
Company, 47.

Liberty Hill, 113.

Long, Mike, 83.

Lord Rawdon, 129.

Lorick’s Ferry, 40.

Louisiana Purchase, 22.

Lincoln, Gen., 35.

Little Carpenter, 7.

Literature, 336-342.

Ladies’ Literary Society, 342.

M

Merriwether, Dr. N., 355.

Mayson, Henry, 54; James Mayson
to Colonel Thompson, 59.

Martins, 156.

Malmedy, 134.

Masonic Lodge, 139.

McDaniel, 8.

Madison, Isabella,wife of Nathaniel
Abney, 13; President Madison, 43.

Middleton, Colonel, 23.

Marion, Francis, 23.

McDuffie, 28, 184.

Mobile, 22.

Moultrie, 34, 35, 66.

Mount Willing, 32, 54, 68; Secession
at Mt. Willing, 87; Mount Willing
—Origin of the Name, 95.

Mount Enon,' 50, 82.

Mechlenburg, 144.

Matthews, 43.

Merchants, 50.

INDEX.

Mobley, 55.

Moragne, 28.

Monongahela Indians, 6.

Mims, Dr., 352.

Moore, Charles, 136.

Muster Roll of the Brooks Com-
pany, 47.

Mountain Creek, 316.

Martins of Martin Town, 392.

Memorandum Book—Old, 116. ___

McKie, 106, 111; Dr. Thos. J. McKie,
120.

Medical Biography, 343.

Moragne, W. C., 268-271.

Mount Calvary, 303.

Mason, George, 65.

Marauders, Tory, 68.

Maryland, Settlers from, 74.

Manly, Rev. John, 75.

Mad Bill Abney, 97.

Manning, 97.

McCall, 135.

Mays, 96.

Martin, Judge, 175.

Merivether, 105, 106, IJI.

Middleton, 108, 109.

Ministers of the Gospel, gI.

Mobley, Dr. William, 1o1.

McLidle, 135.

Moses, Governor F. J., 260.

Military Government, 256.

Murfreesborough, Tenn., 97.

McLaurin, Evan, 62.

N

Newberry, 49, 52.

New Hope Church—Battle, 224.

New Windsor, 16.

Ney, Marshall, 75, 76.

Newspapers, 342.

Ninety-Six, Settled, 6; Ninety-Six,
Divided, 5; Ninety-Six Siege in
1781, 67; Whigs and Tories at
Ninety-Six, 131.

Nicholson, Dr., 352.

Nixon, 108.

Norris Township, 156.

Norris, 55; Rev. Norris, 72; Captain

Norris, 89; Rev. A. P. Norris, 92,
125.
Norton, 121.

Norman—French, 13.

Number of Companies, etc., at
Ninety-Six, Nov. roth, 1775, 57.

Ninety-Six, 407.

Obstructing Water Causes, 24.

Old Town, Saluda, 12, 70.

Olive Branch and Bold Spring, 322.
Opening of Roads, 20.
INDEX.

Orangeburg, 20, 38, 53; Retreat of
Cruger to Orangeburg, 132.
Outzs, 113, 287-289.
Pp

Pacolet, 24.

Pearis, Captain, 61, 62.

Padgett, 93.

Pendleton, roo.

Parksville, 113.

Peterson, Rev. Wm., 114; Rev. Pe-
terson, 125; Captain W. S. Peter-
son, 224.

Perrys, &c., 18.

Peurifoy, D. B., 94; Rev. T. D. Peu-
rifoy, 198; Mrs. Peurifoy, 198.

Phenomenon, a Remarkable, 86.

a ae) 143; Andréw Pickens, 23,

5.

Pleasant Lane, 321.

Pope, Barnaby, 19; Jacob Pope, 53;
Solomon Pope, 66; Thos.
Pope, 187; Story of George and
Sampson Pope, 48, 49.

Poverty Hill, 111, 112.

Penn’s Drugstore, 374.

Pine House, 415.

Pattison, Dr. T. H., 356.

Presentation of Sword, 514.

Philippi, 310.

Prevost, 66.

Punkin Vine Creek, battle of, 224.

Pugh, 93.

Pulaski Legion, 35.

Pury, John, 110; Pury’s Ferry, 11o.

Public Roads, 20.

Priber, Christian, 21.

Pocotaligo, 220.

Pickens and Williamson, 154.

Presentation of Flag to Holcombe
Legion, 234.

Quattlebaum, Joseph, 250.

R

Raid, Cunningham, 70.,

Rauch, Rev. Michael, 72.

Ramsay, Judge, 176.

Red Bank, 306.

Resident in Savannah Writes, 64.

Ready, Dr. J. C., 80; S. L. Ready,
89; W. J. Ready, 94.

Remarkable Phenomenor, 86.

Regiments, 7th and 19th, 218-219;
2and Regiment, List of Officers,
249. .

Reconstruction, 251, 254.

Rehoboth, 113.

Roads and Ferries after the Revolu-
tion, 53.

Reform Movement, 259-260.

H. Simpson, Rev. W. H., 125.

Richardsons, &c., 121.

Roving Traders, 5.

Red Oak Grove, 325.

Rumph, General, 38.

Ryan, Captain James, 127, 129, 38.
Rutledge, Tho., 117.

Richland Spring, 315.

Red Hill, 323.

Recollections and Reflections, 400.

S

Saluda Old Town, ro, 14, 36.
Savannah Town, 19, 20.
Schunipert, 13. .
Second Adventists, 329.
Secession at Mount Willing, 87.
Settlers, etc., 11; from Maryland, 74.
Salem, 325.
Scotland, 12.
Seysin, 4o.
Seige of Ninety-Six, 67.

5
Smith, Jacob, 95, 96; Smallwood

Smith, 69.

Stevens’ Creek, 97, 104, 105.
Stewart Settlement, 16, 69.
a of George and Sampson Pope,

48.
Scott Family—Scott’s Ferry, 386,

392.

Shaw, Colonel T. P., 384.

Sheppard Family, 398.

Secession, 208; Secession Ordinance,
215.

Seminole War, 197.

Salvador, Francis, 150.

Sardis, 309.

Seventh Regiment—Some History,
227—233

Simkins, Eldred, etc., 188; John C.
Simkins, Igo.

Skipper’s Georgia, I14.

Smerdon, 119.

Smiley, 122; Colonel Smiley, 263.

Soldier’s Relief Association, 233.

Stallsworth, 163, 164.

St. James, 303.

St. Marks, 302.

Story of Hamburg, 241-243.

Something Unique, 337.

Sheppard, Dr. W. Scott, 358.

Saluda County, 519.

Scott, Governor 1865, 257.

T
Taylor, Colonel, 128.
Talbert, W. J., 113.
That Yellow Jacket Company, 82.
Taxes, Light, 55.
Tennant, I30.
Tillman Family, 203; G. D. Till-
YI

man, 203, 204; B. R. Tillman, 206.
Tory Marauders, 68.
Tompkins, 122, 265.
Tombs, 14.
Townships, etc., 55.
Travis, Colonel W. B., 165; M. B.
Travis, 168; Travis, 76, 77, 162.
Trotters, etc., 18.
Trinity, 303.
Trouble in Hamburg, 261.

Under the Oaks at Lanham’s, 369.
Universalists, 329.

Virginia, 13, 15, 30, 36, 99.
Ww

Wardlaw, F. H., 244.

Walker, Wm., 250.

Watson, Michael, 37, 38, 67, 68, 78,
79; 93, 146-150.

Washington’s Journey, 51, 73.

Waters, 53; Philemon Waters, 89;
Captain P. B. Waters, 89; Waters

INDEX.

Family, 374.
War of 1812, 197.
Watts, P. B., 282-286.
Ware, Captain Robert, 109.
Westside, I02.
Weems, 73.
West, 53; Captain A. P. West, 89.
Wever, John R., 75.
Wilkinson, General, 42, 43.
Williamson, Andrew, 13, 58, 59, 60,
65, 131, 134, 135.
Wilson, Russell, 95.
Woodlawn, III, 112.
Werts Family, 394.

X

Xarmentor, Isaac, 119.

Youngblood, Matilda, 98.
Young Men’s Christian Association,

329.

York County, 26.

Yarbrough, Dr. Geo., 360; Dr. B. T.
Yarbrough, 361.