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YORK COUNTY,

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PREFACE.

 

THE present volume is the first published History of York County, Maine. Although materials have
existed for such a publication, they have not been found in any special or general collection, and the labor of
collecting them chiefly from original sources, and of arranging them in a harmonious and consecutive narra-
tive of events extending through a period of more than two hundred and fifty years, has been by no means
a light or trivial task. How well or ill the labor has been performed is now left to the judgment of the
intelligent reader. Doubtless some errors have crept into the work in spite of our utmost care and
vigilance, but we trust that none are of so grave a character as to impair the general accuracy and value of
the history. With regard to the plan of the work, it is only necessary to say that it has been arranged
with reference to the most economical use of space, with a general and local department. The general
history, embracing that which is common to the county at large, has been placed in a department by
itself in the forepart of the book; this has been followed by separate histories of the cities, towns, and
villages of the county, interspersed with numerous biographies, portraits and other illustrations, and the
whole carefully indexed to facilitate reference.

To the citizens of York County who have aided us in the work, we take this opportunity to return
our thanks. Our acknowledgments are especially due to Hon. Edward P. Burnham, of Saco, a member
of the Maine Historical Society, for a ready fund of valuable statistics which has been cordially placed
at our command, and for information on several topics, rendering our labors less difficult than they
otherwise would have been. Hon. Nathaniel G. Marshall, of York, has kindly reviewed considerable por-
tions of our general history, and aided us materially in the preparation of the history of his native town.
Like acknowledgments are due to Edward E. Bourne, Esq., and Daniel Remich, Esq., of Kennebunk ;
to Hon. John M. Goodwin and Thomas Quinby, Esq., of Biddeford ; to Rev. John G. T. Nichols, D.D.,
Rey. William J. Alger, George F. Calef, Esq., and Horace H. Burbank, Esq., of Saco. The York
Institute, through its president and members, has furnished some valuable materials and given hearty
encouragement to our enterprise. We also tender our acknowledgments to the members of the county
press, and to the county and town officials generally.

The following-named gentlemen have been consulted and have rendered more or less assistance in
matters pertaining to their respective town histories: Charles M. Came, Esq., and Asa L. Ricker, Alfred ; M.
C. Hurd, Esq., Hon. Zebulon G. Horne, Horace Bodwell, Acton; John H. Stillings, Frederick A. Lord,
Richard L. Goodwin, Berwick; Hon. Samuel A. Hill, Robert A. Bradbury, Hon. Charles E. Weld, Bux-
ton; Howard Brackett, Dr. W. B. Swasey, Hon. Caleb R. Ayer, Cornish; John W. Clark, James K.
Huntress, William R. Buzzell, Dayton; George E. Ireland, John L. Jenks, Joseph Hammond, Jr., Eliot ;

3
4 PREFACE.

 

Deacon James Moulton, Melville B. Smith, Hon. H. K. Bradbury, Hollis; Dennis M. Shapleigh, J. R.
Philbrook, M. F. Wentworth, M.D., Kittery ; Hon. James W. Grant, John R. Chamberlain, John E.
Moody, Esq., Lebanon; F. W. Libby, Hon. A. Burbank, J. C. Lane, Limerick; Dr. 8. M. Bradbury, Gen.
William M. McArthur, W. G. Lord, M.A., Limington; Hon. Dimon Roberts, Hon. Hiram Waterhouse, C.
W. Murphy, Esq., Hon. James Nason, Lyman; Roscoe S. Holmes, J. M. Moulton, Stephen Adams, M.D.,
Newfield; Hon. John Hall, Haven A. Butler, Esq., Deacon Ebenezer Hobbs, North Berwick; Silas H.
Cartland, Hon. John Brackett, Parsonsfield ; John A. Dennett, Hon. Howard Frost, Deacon Stephen Dor-
man, Sanford; Edwin A. Moulton, Esq., John Hemingway, Hosea Merrifield, Shapleigh; Charles C.
Hobbs, Esq., Hon. John B. Nealley, E: R. McIntire, South Berwick ; E. H. Hobbs, Isaac N. Deering, Henry
Gowen, Waterborough ; Barak Maxwell, Wells; and Hon. Enoch Cousens, Kennebunkport.

WwW. W. C.
January 24, 1880.
CONTENTS.

 

 

 

 

 

since agp
HISTORICAL.
HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE, ee
CHAPTER PAGE CITY OF SACO : 150
I.—¥arly Discoveries and Settlements . 9 CITY OF BIDDEFORD . 188
II.—Patents Granted by the Plymouth Council 14
IU1.—First Civil Government in Maine 17 HISTORY OF THE TOWNS AND VILLAGES OF
IV.—Administration of Thomas Gorges . 20 YORK COUNTY.
V.—Government under Alexander Rigby 23 Town of York 215
VI.—Administration of Edward Godfrey QF “Kennebunk . 232
VII.—Jurisdiction of Massachusetts . 29 ‘ Buxton 249
VIII.—Revival of the Gorges Claim . 3 “Alfred 261
IX.—Indians of York County . 36 “Kittery 276
X.—The First Indian War 40 “« Berwick 291
X1I.—Government under Danforth 45 “North Berwick 304
XII.—French and Indian War, 1688-92 48 “South Berwick 3l4
XITI.—Continuation of Indian Hostilities . 51 « Parsonsfield . 324
XIV.—Civil Affairs under the Charter of 1691 55 « Linierick 332
XV.—Progress of Settlements after the War 58 “Cornish 340
XVI.—Fourth Indian War. 59 “Newfield 347
XVII.—War between France and England 62 «Lyman . 354
XVIII.—Conquest of New France 65 “Hollis 361
XIX.—Division of the County 68 “Sanford 367
XX.—Period of the Revolution 69 “Kennebunkport 378
XXI.—Under the Constitution of Massachusetts 74 “© Waterborough 388
XXII.—Bench and Bar of York County 75 “Wells 395
XXIII.—Bench and Bar—(Continued) . 81 “  Limington 401
XXIV.—Bench and Bar—(Continued) . 91 “Eliot 407
XXV.—York County Civil List 1038 “Lebanon 412
XXVI.--Legislatures of Maine 107 “Dayton 423
XXVII.—York County Press . 113 “Acton 426
XXVIII.—Medical Profession . i taal, 1 . 116 “ Shapleigh 431
XXIX.—War of the Rebellion (with rosters of the regiments). 120 SUPPLEMENT 441
BIOGRAPHICAL,
PAGE PAGE
Noah Emery 75 William A. Hayes. F » 94
David Sewall i . 76 Charles N. Cogswell . ‘ . » OF
Moses Emery facing 76 William P. Preble. ; 95
Daniel Sewall  . 17 Ether Shepley . 3 : : 2 95
James Sullivan . 77 Philip Eastman é 96
Judge George Thacher 78 Daniel Goodenow a , ‘ 4 . 97
Dudley Hubbard 78 Nathan D. Appleton ; - 99
Prentiss Mellen . 79 Rufus P. Tapley é . : - d 99
Edward P. Hayman 80 John M. Goodwin - 100
Cyrus King 80 Samuel Bradley . facing 100
— John Holmes 81 John Shepley ‘ » 101
William Lambert 84 Samuel W. Luques facing 101
Benjamin Greene 84 James M. Stone . é é : : sf 102
Judge Joseph Howard 84 Nathaniel G. Marshall : e ; ‘ ; ee 103
George W. Wallingford 85 Charles Trafton, M.D. - F : i 116
Nicholas Emery . 85 John A. Berry, M.D. : ce 117
Judah Dana x . ‘ » 86 Horace Bacon, M.D. 3 118
Joseph Dane. 2 : : » 86 Francis G. Warren, M.D. facing 119
Samuel A. Bradley 87 Orren Ross, M.D. ‘ 119
Edward E. Bourne, LL.D. . 88 Roscoe G. Dennett, M.D. facing 120
Joseph Bartlett . 91 Gen. William M. McArthur 121
William B. Sewall 92 Capt. George A. Deering 121
Samuel Hubbard Ss 94 Col. Horace H. Burbank 122
5
CONTENTS.

 

Capt. James F. Miller
Horace Woodman

Stephen and William Littlefield.

Hon. John Fairfield
Tristram Jordan.

Capt. Samuel and J. F. Hartley.
Rev. John T. G. Nichols, 8.T.D.

Abraham Cutter .
David Fernald
Benjamin Patterson
John Jobnson
Thomas Quinby .
Ebenezer C. Staples
Josiah Calef

Edward P. Burnham .
George Scamman
Oliver Dyer
Cornelius Sweetser
Aaron MeKenny
George A. Carter
James M. Deering
Moses Lowell

Samuel A. Milliken
John Gilpatric
James D. Patten
Paul Chadbourne
Daniel M. Owen .

Eli Edgecomb

Henry Simpson .
Ira C. Doe

Abel II. Jelleson .
Barnabas E. Cutter
Simon Newcomb .
Timothy Shaw, Jr.
James A. Strout .
Charles IIardy
Leonard Andrews
James Andrews .
Simeon P. McKenney
Esreff I. Banks
Joshua Moore
Deacon Thomas H. Cole
Seleucus Adams .
Samuel Peirson

Hon. William Berry
Jeremiah Goldsbrough
William P. Haines
Col. Josiah Hobbs
Reuben M. Hobbs
Enoch H. McKenney .
John T. Smith

Dr. Thomas Haley
Capt. Jotham Benson
Simon M. Blake.
Capt. Charles 0. Clark
Hon. E. C. Moody
George Donnell .
James A. Bragdon
Horace Porter

Seth E. Bryant .
James G. Cousens
Rey. Daniel Little

BIOGRAPHICAL.

 

PAGE

facing
: “
between 156,
facing

rg

between 196,
a 196,
facing

“

between 204,

122
152
154
157
158
159
162
166
167
168
172
174
176
178
179
180
180
181
182
183
183
184
185
185
185
186
186
186
186
187
188
190
191
192
193
194
197
197
198
204
205
205
206
207
209
209
209
210
211
212
212
213
214
214
220
224
231
232
234
237
238
241

 

 

Palmer Walker .
Daniel Remich .
James K. Remich
James Osborn

Joseph Hatch
Stephen H. Berry
Aaron McKenney
Mark P. Emery .
Abram L. Came .
Aaron Clark
Benjamin J. Palmer .
Joel M. Marshall
William Emery .
Sylvester Littlefield

J. B. Vance

Moses A. Safford
Wilson Hammons

Asa L. Ricker
Lorenzo R. Hersom
William J. Copeland .
Brackett Hall

James L. Prescott
Isaac Varney

William Hill

Albert C. Buffum
Benjamin Nason
Hon. John H. Burleigh
Samuel G. Dearborn .
Maj. Thomas Churchill
Hon. Abner Burbank
Samuel C. Adams
Abijah Usher

Hon. Ellis B, Usher
Hon. Nathaniel J. Miller
William Emery .
George A. Frost .
Hon. B. F. Hanson
Gevurge Nasson
Jeremiah Moulton
Darling H. Ross
Thomas Goodall .
John Storer

Joseph Ridley

Hon. Enoch Cousens
Charles W. Smith

The Strout Family
Barak Maxwell .
Arthur McArthur
William M. McArthur
Sylvester Bartlett
Hiram Jones

Newell Goodwin.
Melvin Wentworth
Thomas M. Wentworth
Joel G. Hersom .
Edmund Goodwin
Ivory and Levi Bragdon
Henry Ross Thing
Rensselaer W. Thing .
Charles F. Sanborn
Col. John Smith.

 

facing

PAGE
243
244
245
246
247
260
260

. 2604
. 2604
- 2604
. 2604
. 2603

facing
“cc

facing

facing
between 302,

facing
ce

facing

facing

facing

facing
“ce

facing
“

facing
between 402,
s 402,

facing
“

“

| etween 432,
facing

261
264
268
275
275
276
298
303
304
310
312
312
313
316
323
330
331
339
354
364
366
367
868
370
371
372
373
374
376
377
378
378
38s
393
400
403
403
408
416
418
422
422
422
433
434
437
437
442
442
CONTENTS. 7

 

ToODVUSTRATIONS.

 

PAGE
Outline Map of York County (colored) facing 9
Portrait of Moses Emery . : ‘ “e 76
a John Holmes (steel) - 3 “ 81
a Edward E. Bourne (steel) te 88
“ William B. Sewall . ‘ : - 93
fs Philip Eastman : facing 96
a Daniel Goodenow (steel) : : as 97
a Rufus P. Tapley ‘ : : 99
iu Samuel Bradley facing 100
s Samuel W. Luques . ; “101
e Col. Jas. M. Stone . é a ee 102
Residence of N. G. Marshall (with portrait) eS 103
Portrait of Dr. Charles Trafton . 3 “ 116
es Dr. John A. Berry . : ee 117
eS Dr. Horace Bacon . ‘ 8 118
ue Dr. Francis G. Warren 119
“ Dr. Orren Ross ‘ 5 . 119

- Dr. R. G. Dennett facing 120

CITY OF SACO.

Residence of Joseph G. Deering facing 150
fs Horace Woodman (with portrait) 152
Portraits of Stephen and Wm. Littlefield . : sf 154
Portrait of Hon. John Fairfield between 156, 157
o Tristram Jordan facing 158

i John F. Hartley . PP 159

6 Rev. John T. G. Nichols (steel) ‘ a 162

Ag Abraham Cutter 7 oe 166

te David Fernald . “4 167

‘ Benjamin Patterson . ss 168

He John Johnson . s 172

«e Thomas Quinby 174

& Ebenezer C. Staples . : - 176

= Josiah Calef (steel) . i facing 178

% Edward P. Burnham (steel)  . ee 179

e George Scamman : as 180

me Oliver Dyer (steel) . tg 181
Cornelius Sweetser . i é . 181

ee Aaron McKenny (steel) between 182, 183
Residence of Aaron McKenny . ae 182, 183
Portrait of James M. Deering facing 183
it George A. Carter. “ - 183

s Hon. Moses Lowell facing 184

ge John Gilpatric . ‘i is 185

e Samuel A. Milliken . . 185

ee James D. Patten. . 186

< Daniel M. Owen . 186

ae Eli Edgecomb . facing 186

« Henry Simpson € 186

oe Ira C. Doe A é rf é - 18h

CITY OF BIDDEFORD.

Portrait of Abel H. Jelleson 5 facing 188
“ BLE, Cutter . ie « 190
Residence of Simon Neweomb (with portrait) 191
Portrait of Timothy Shaw, Jr. . - é ss 192
“ James A. Strout é : ; ; a 193

« Charles Hardy . ‘i : , “e 194

ee Leonard Andrews between 196, 197
Residence of James Andrews (with parity bd 196, 197
Portrait of Simeon P. McKenney facing 198
«“- Hon. E. H. Banks . : ‘ < 204

‘ Joshua Moore . ‘ between 204, 205

“ Deacon Thomas H. Cole (:teel) facing 205

sf Seleucus Adams (steel) . p i “ 206

a Samuel Peirson . . 2 . 208

ae Jeremiah Goldsbrough Gita 209

 

PAGE
Portrait of William Berry . ; . facing 209
i William P. Haines . ; 2 HA 210
Portraits of Josiah and Reuben M. Hobbs. tf 211
Portrait of Enoch H. McKenney 2 § j % . 212
i John T. Smith . ‘ : 3 . 213
ee Dr. Thomas Haley ; ‘ . 213
e Capt. Jotham Benson é . 214

Residence of Simon M. Blake (with portrait) facing 214

YORK.
Residence of Theodore Weare, Jr. facing 216
“ C. C. Barrell . ‘ é ‘ ee 218
Portrait of Capt. Charles 0. Clark. « 220
f Hon. E. C. Moody . j z “ 224
Marshall House, and other Views. ¥ 226
Portrait of George Donnell 3 : . . 231
Residence of James A. Bragdon (with portraits) facing 231
KENNEBUNK.

Portrait of Horace Porter ‘ facing 234
ne Seth E. Bryant ae 237

fs James G. Cousens. "i a 238

te Palmer Walker é - 243

S Daniel Remich (steel) . ns 244

e James K. Remich (steel) . ‘ “ 245

* James Osborn (steel) " ‘ ae 246

Ps Joseph Hatch ‘ 5 j ~ 247

BUXTON.

Residence of the late Capt. S. H. Berry (with portrait) facing 249
B. J. Palmer (with portraits) 7 f 252

- A. L. Came (with portrait) . é oe 254

e Aaron McKenney (with portrait) . ‘ gs 258

Portrait of Mark P. Emery (steel) between 260, 2604
Residence of the late Thomas Emery (with portraits) “ 260, 2604

ef Aaron Clark (with portraits) facing 2604
Portrait of Joel M. Marshall ‘ z . - 260%
ALFRED.

Residence of William Emery (with portrait) facing 261
Portrait of Hon. Sylvester Littlefield . - 264
View of the Shaker village 2 é : : 266
. Portrait of J.B. Vance. : Me 268
Portraits of Moses A. Safford, Wilson Hammons, ‘nl
Asa L. Ricker . ‘ : s 275
KITTERY.

View of the Pepperell House, etc. facing 284

BERWICK.
Residence of George Moore a facing 291
ef Lorenzo R. Hersom (with porta ‘ Bi 298
eS William J. Copeland (with portrait) between 302, 303

NORTH BERWICK.

Portrait of Brackett Hall . facing 304
Views of the Residence and Mills of William Hill between 306, 307

Portraits of James L. Prescott and Wife . facing 310

Portrait of Isaac Varney (steel) between 312, 313

u William Hill (steel) - - : «312, 313

Portraits of Albert C. Buffum and Wife ‘ « O18
SOUTH BERWICK.

Residence of the late Hon. J. H. Burleigh facing 314

Portraits of Benjamin Nason and Wife. e 316

 
8 CONTENTS.

 

ITLOGVSTRATIONS.

or
PARSONSFIELD. KENNEBUNKPORT.
PAGE PAGE
Residence of C. F. Sanborn (with portraits) facing 324 Residence of Hon. Enoch Cousens (with Portrait) facing 378
ce Maj. Thomas Churchill (with portraits) between 326, 327 ae Charles E. Perkins : Z “380
ts T. S. Churchill (with portraits) . «326, 327 ae C. C. Perkins ‘ 7 ‘ “ 386
Portrait of Samuel G. Dearborn : facing 330 View of the Parker House, ete. 7 ; a 382
sf Wm. D.D. Churchill =. : y 331 Residence of 8. H. Gould (with portrait) . : < 384
Portraits of C. O. Nute and Wife 2 c . 331 View of Ocean Bluff Hotel a é r - ‘ * . 441
WATERBOROUGH.
penta Portrait of Charles W. Smith fi 388
# ortrait o arles mit! acing
, : 339
Portrait of Abuer Bunionk Residence of H. L, Strout (with portealt Z 5 se 393
NEWFIELD. WELLS.
Portrait of Samuel C. Adams. ; . . 854 Portrait of Barak Maxwell facing 400
HOLLIS. LIMINGTON.
Residence of the late Ellis B. Usher . : facing 362 | Portrait of Arthur McArthur between 402 and 403
«“ «  « Nathaniel J. Miller . «362 ro TM Die MEAGIABE x “402 and 403
Portrait of Abijah Usher . ‘ P é “ is 364
a Ellis B. Usher (steel) ‘ * 366 BLAOT,
“ Nathaniel J. Miller (steel) sf 367 Residence of Sylvester Bartlett (with portrait) facing 408
SANFORD. HEMANUN:
Portrait of William Emery . facing 368 Residence of the late Thomas M. Wentworth facing 412
“ George A. Frost : “ 370 Gs Joel G. Hersom . 3 - “ 414
Residence of B. F. Hanson (with portrait) «© 371 i Hiram Jones (with portrait) «416
“ George Nasson (with portrait) . “ 372 i Newell Goodwin (with portrait) . Ke 418
ce Jeremiah Moulton (with portrait) «878: = Melvin Wentworth (with portraits) “422
Portrait of Darling H. Ross ‘ : “ 3874 ie
Residence of Joseph Ridley (with porteelty) «875 : SHAPEEIGH:
Portrait of Hon. Thomas Goodall (steel) . 376 Residence of Edmund Goodwin (with portrait) bet. 432 and 433
a John Storer (steel) aes oe 377 Portraits of Ivory and Levi Bragdon facing 434
oe Dr. Alvah Dam ; : A . 378 ae Henry R. and R. W. Thing “4387

 

 
8 CONTENTS.

 

ILGVSTRATIONS.

op _—
PARSONSFIELD. KENNEBUNKPORT.
PAGE PAGE
Residence of C. F. Sanborn (with portraits) facing 324 Residence of Hon. Enoch Cousens (with Portrait) facing 378
ee Maj. Thomas Churchill (with portraits) between 326, 327 i Charles E. Perkins . ‘ & ae 380
et T. S. Churchill (with portraits) . «326, 327 e C. C. Perkins - ' ; “ 380
Portrait of Samuel G. Dearborn ‘ facing 330 View of the Parker House, ete. 7 : ne 382
ce Wm. D.D. Churchill =. e 331 Residence of 8. H. Gould (with portrait) . ‘ o 384
Portraits of C. 0. Nute and Wife . ‘ 5 . 331 View of Ocean Bluff Hotel és - 441
WATERBOROUGH.
romans P f Charles W. Smith f 388
: ortrait 0 arles mit’ ‘acing
; a 339
Mental 08 knee Buriauk Residence of I. L. Strout (with portray, Z «393
NEWFIELD. WELLS.
Portrait of Samuel C. Adams. ; » 354 Portrait of Barak Maxwell facing 400
HOLLIS. és LIMINGTON.
Residence of the late Ellis B. Usher . facing 362 Portrait of Arthur McArthur between 402 and 403
cc “ “ Nathaniel J. Miller “ 362 * Wm. M. McArthur . . s 402 and 403
Portrait of Abijah Usher . x ‘ = 364
af Ellis B. Usher (steel) : ‘ 366 BLION:
a Nathaniel J. Miller (steel) ‘ Bs 367 Residence of Sylvester Bartlett (with portrait) facing 408
SANFORD. DEBANUN:
Portrait of William Emery facing 368 Residence of the late Thomas M. Wentworth facing 412
“ George A. Frost ‘ 2 7 370 ee soa G. Hersom so 414
Residence of B. F. Hanson (with portialts B71 re Hiram Jones (with portrait) «416
“ George Nasson (with portrait) “ 372 ae Newell Goodwin (with portrait) . : « 418
“ Jeremiah Moulton (with portrait) “ 373 ee Melvin Wentworth (with portraits) “s 422
Portrait of Darling H. Ross . if 374 i
Residence of Joseph Ridley (with pouteaite) : s 375 AHAP LEGON:
Portrait of Hon. Thomas Goodall (steel) i e 376 Residence of Edmund Goodwin (with portrait) bet. 432 and 433
“ John Storer (steel) . ue us 377 Portraits of Ivory and Levi Bragdon facing 434
“ Dr. Alvah Dam : _ 378 ae Henry R. and R. W. Thing “437

 

 
 

 

 

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HISTORY

OF

YORK COUNTY, MAINE

BY W. W. CLAYTON.

CHAPTER L
EARLY DISCOVERIES AND SETTLEMENTS.

Maine Discovered in 1524—Charts of Ramusio—Champlain's Voyages
—Charter of Acadia—French Settlements in Maine—English Ex-
_ plorers—First English Charter—Popham Colony—Voyages of Capt.

John Smith.

MAINE was undoubtedly the first portion of New Eng-
land taken possession of by any European nation. Aside
from the discoveries of the Scandinavians and Northmen,
who at avery remote period of antiquity are said to have
penetrated to these shores and made a settlement in Rhode
Island, we have positive evidence that Maine was discovered
by Giovani da Verrazano, an Italian navigator, under the
auspices of Francis I., king of France, in 1524. This
was seventy-eight years before the first English navigator,
Gosnold, had arrived on the coast of Maine. Verrazano
took possession of the country in the name of the king of
France and carried the news of his discovery to Europe, in
consequence of which Crignon, the French geographer, was
sent out in company with Capt. Parmentier, in 1529, to
obtain accurate information respecting the country. Sailing
southwestward from Cape Breton “a good five hundred
leagues towards the country of Florida,” they took accurate
observation of the direction of the coast, determined the
latitude and longitude, noted the natural products of the
country, and the character and habits of the natives. In-
formation was thus obtained for the first valuable contribu-
tion to the cartography of Maine, which was published in
the celebrated collection of Ramusio, in Italy, in 1556.
Thus it appears that the French and the Italians were the
first geographers of the coast of New England, and that
students in those countries were studying the geography of
Maine more than half a century before the subject had
awakened any interest in England. Ramusio says he had
compiled his maps and charts, “such as they were, not be-
cause he thought them perfect or complete, but because he
wished to satisfy the desire of Italian students, entertaining
the hope that in some time to come they would be im-
proved.””*

Crignon, who wrote the descriptive portion accompanying
the map of New France in Ramusio’s collection, says,—

“Going beyond the Cape of the Bretons, there is a country contig-
uous thereto, the coast of which trends to the west a quarter south-

 

% Maine Historical Collections, vol. i. p. 227.

2

 

west to the country of Florida, and runs along for a good five hundred
leagues, which coast was discovered fifteen years ago, by Master Gio-
vani da Verrazano, in the name of the King of France and Madame
la Regente; and this country is called by many ‘La Frangais,’ and
even by the Portuguese themselves. Its end is towards Florida, under
78° west and 38° north. The inhabitants of this country are a very
pleasant, tractable, and peaceable people. The country abounds with
all sorts of fruits. There grow oranges, almonds, wild grapes, and
many other fruits of odoriferous trees. The country is named by the
natives ‘ Norumbega,’ and between it and Brazil is a great gulf in which
are the islands of the West Indies discovered by the Spaniards.” +

This remarkable passage is, no doubt, historically as well
as geographically correct, and overturns the theories of
some of our English writers with regard to the discovery
of this country, and the nation to whom that honor be-
longs.{ It was known to the Portuguese, the Spanish, and
the French navigators, who made various voyages to the
northern part of the coast during the first half of the six-
teenth century. The latter nation laid claim to the country
southwestward from the Gulf of St. Lawrence, including
Cape Breton, Nova Scotia, and Maine, and their right seems
to have been generally recognized by the other nations of
Continental Europe. It is called New France in all the
earlier charts and collections, and also in the Latin geogra-
phy of John De Laet, which was published at Leyden as
late as 1614. André Thevet, a French navigator, visited
the Penohscot in 1556. He gives the following description
of his entrance into that river :

“Here we entered w river which is one of the finest in the world,
We call it Norumbega. It is marked on some charts as Grand River.
The natives call it Agonecy. Upon its banks the French formerly
erected a small fort, about ten leagues from its mouth. It was called
the Fort of Norumbega, and surrounded by fresh water.”||

We learn from this that the French, at a very early day,
claimed the eastern part of Maine; that charts had been
made of its coast and principal rivers; and that they had

 

ft Ibid., p. 231.

{ Folsom says (Saco and Biddeford, p. 9), “The discovery of New
England may justly be ascribed to Bartholomew Gosnold, an enter-
prising and intelligent navigator, who, in the year 1602, performed a
voyage to this part of North America, before unknown to the civilized
world.” He also says (page 15), “‘ The French were somewhat behind
the English in making voyages of discovery to the American conti-
nent.” The truth is, they were nearly a century ahead of them, if
we except the voyages of the Cabots, who, so far as we know, merely
passed by the coast of New England, without setting foot on any por-
tion of it.

@ Novus Orbis (New World), etc., lib. ii. v. 19.

| Singularities of Antarctic France, otherwise called America,

9
10 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

built a fort upon the Penobscot, ten leagues above its mouth,
before the year 1556.

The first movement of the French towards the establish-
ment of a colony in this territory was made near the begin-
ning of the seventeenth century. On the 8th of November,
1603, Henry IV. of France granted to De Monts the charter
of Acadia, embracing all the country on the North American
coast from the fortieth to the forty-sixth degrees of north
latitude. There can be no doubt but that the English
charter of 1606 was an infringement upon this grant, the
French having the prior right as the discoverers and occu-
pants of the country. De Monts having obtained a com-
mission as Lieutenant-General of New France, fitted out his
expedition for the establishment of a colony in Acadia in
1604. He was accompanied by Samuel de Champlain, who
four years later founded the city of Quebec, and who had
previously explored the river St. Lawrence.

Champlain was commissioned to join the expedition of
De Monts as royal geographer, with instructions to make
discoveries, prepare maps and charts, and report directly to
the crown. He remained three years in the Gulf of Maine,
faithfully executing these orders under circumstances of
great hardship and peril; and the record he has left is a
marvel of accuracy, patience, and indomitable courage. The
entire coast line of Maine was reconnoitred and described,
and charts made of the principal harbors, which were
published in Paris, under his own personal supervision, in
1613.

The expedition of De Monts was prepared with great
deliberation, and its composition arranged with thoughtful
reference to the needs and possibilities of the future colony.
The company numbered on its rolls soldiers inured to for-
eign service, sailors who were familiar with American
waters, skilled mechanics, and gentlemen of rank. De
Monts sailed from Havre de Grace on the 7th of April,
1604, in a ship commanded by Capt. Timothée, in com-
pany with the Sieurs de Poutrincourt, Champlain, and
other gentlemen. On the 10th of April, the other vessel,
commanded by Capt. Morel, of Honfleur, with the Sieur
de Pont-Gravé and the rest of the company, sailed with
stores to join De Monts at Canseau, which had been
selected as the place of rendezvous. While at sea De
Monts changed his purpose, and directed his course far-
ther to the westward. On the Ist of May he sighted
Sable Island, on the 8th the mainland at Cape la Héve,
and on the 10th made a harbor at the present Liverpool,
called by him “ Port Rossignol.” On the 13th the party
disembarked at ‘‘ Port au Mouton,” and proceeded to erect
shelters, having determined to await here the arrival of their
consort, in search of whom a small party was sent towards
Canseau in a shallop, with letters of advice.

On the 19th of May, Champlain, accompanied by the
Sieur Ralleau, secretary of De Monts, and two men, left
“ Port au Mouton” for the purpose of making a reconnois-
sance of the coast. He rounded Cape Sable and skirted
the western shore of Nova Scotia to nearly the present site
of Annapolis, and then returned to “Port au Mouton’?
about the middle of June. On the following day the com-
pany, now increased by the arrival of the other vessels,
abandoned their temporary shelters, and following the

 

course which Champlain had taken, diligently explored
the south and north shores of the Bay of Fundy, but
without determining upon a place for their settlement. Pro-
ceeding westward from the mouth of the St. John, they
discovered the cluster of islands now known as ‘“ The
Wolves,” and the island of Grand Menan, called, as
Champlain says, by the natives, ‘‘Manthane.” Passing
by the present site of Kastport, they entered Passama-
quoddy Bay, and ascending the St. Croix River, disem-
barked on an island and began the necessary preparations
for their winter's residence. The settlement called the
“ Holy Cross,’’ which gave its name to the river, was the
first attempt to plant a colony on the shores of Maine.
The island on which it was made is now called Neutral or
De Monts’ Island.

On the last day of August, De Poutrincourt was sent
back to France with Secretary Ralleau, the former to make
arrangements for his adventure at Port Royal, the latter to
put in order some of the affairs of the company. What
follows we give, as far as space will allow, from Gen.
Brown’s excellent translation of Champlain’s own account:

“ After the departure of the vessel the Sieur de Monts determined
to send an expedition, without loss of time, along the coast of Morum-
begue, and this he committed to my charge, which was much to my
liking. To this end I left St. Croix the 2d of September, 1604, with
a pattache of seventeen or eighteen tons, twelve sailors, and two sav-
ages as guides. This day we found the vessels of the Sieur de Pou-
trincourt, which were anchored at the mouth of the river on account
of the bad weather, and from this spot we could not move until the
5th of the same month, and then, when two or three leagues at sea,
the fog came up so thickly that we soon lost their vessels from sight.
Continuing our course along the coast we made this day some twenty-
five leagues, and passed by a great quantity of islands, shallows, and
reefs, which extend seaward in places more than four leagues. We
have named the islands ‘ Les Isles Rangées.’ . . - This same day we
passed quite near an island, which is some four or five leagues long,
and were nearly lost on a little rock just under water, which made a
small hole in our bark near the keel. . . . The island is very high.
and so cleft in places that at sea it appears as if seven or eight moun-
tains were ranged side by side. . . . I have named thisisland ‘ L’Jsle
des Monts-deserts ;’ its latitude is 444°. The next morning, 6th of
September, we made two leagues, and perceived wu smoke in a creek
which was at the foot of the mountains, and saw two canoes propelled
by savages, who came within musket-shot to reconnoitre us.”

This narrative of Champlain’s is exceedingly interesting,
because it names and locates many places on the coast now
quite familiar to the modern traveler. At Mount Desert,
on the southwestern side of which he appears to have
anchored and stayed overnight, he had an interview with
the savages, who, after receiving presents in exchange for
fish and game, consented to guide them to their home at
Peimtegouét, where they said their chief, Bessabez, was.
Referring to the Penobscot, he says,—

“T think this river is the same called by several pilots and histo-
rians Norumbegue, and which has been described by most of them as
broad and spacious, with very many islands, with its entrance in 43°
to 434° of latitude, or, according to others, in 44° more or less. As
for the longitude, I have never read or heard any one speak of it,
They say, also, there is a great city well peopled with savages, adroit
and skillful, and used to the manufacture of cotton. Iam sure that
most of those who speak of theso things have never seen them, and
derive their authority from men who know no more than themselves,
Iam ready to believe there are some who have seen the mouth of the
river (i.e., the bay), because there area great many islands there, and
itisin 44°. But there is no appearance of any one’s having entered
there, for they would have described it in quite another fashion in
EARLY DISCOVERIES

AND SETTLEMENTS. 11

 

order to rid many of the doubt. I shall, therefore, narrate truly all
that I have discovered and seen from the beginning as far as I have
been,”

Champlain then describes in great detail the physical fea-
tures of Penobscot Bay, which he makes extend from Mount
Desert on the east to the promontory of Bedabedec on the
west,—the present Owl's Head. Midway, and out at sea,
he describes that singularly picturesque island named by’
him Isle Haute,—a name it still bears. Fish of all kinds
abound, and game, which make the numerous islands a
‘frequent resort for the natives during the season. On the
western shore are the mountains of Bedabedec, the Camden
Hills of the present day, and everywhere are wooded islands,
low-lying rocks, and dangerous reefs. With the scrupulous
care which characterizes him everywhere, he gives the neces-
sary directions for entering the head-waters of the bay. Take
the following :

“Coming to the south of the Isle Haute, and ranging along the
shore for a quarter of a league, where are some rocks just out of water,
and then heading to the west until you open all the islands which lie
to the north of this island, and you may be sure that when you see
the eight or nine summits of Isle des Monts-Deserts and the heights
of Bedabedec you are directly opposite the river of Norumbegue; to
enter, you must head to the north towards the very high mountains
of Bedabedec, and you will see no islands before you, and can enter
safely with plenty of water.”

Entering the bay, Champlain proceeded, under the guid-
ance of the savages, to the narrows at the mouth of the
river, and ascended the river to the mouth.of the Ken-
duskeag, at the present site of Bangor. Here the party
met Bessabez, the chief of the tribe of that region, and
Cabahis, who had jurisdiction of a tribe to the westward.
There was great stir among the natives at the sight of the
strangers, dancing and singing, and much consumption of
tobacco. But Cabahis drew himself apart from the noisy
throng for a while, because, as the narrative says, “it was
the first time he had ever seen a Christian.”

The day following, which was the 17th of September,
Champlain took the altitude, and found 45° 25’ north lati-
tude. He then began the descent of the river, and so con-
tinued coasting westward. At what has been judged to be
St. George’s River the native guides left them because the
savages of the Quinbequy were their enemies. Champlain
says,—

“We ranged along the coast some eight leagues to the westward as
far as an island distant some ten leagues from the Quinbequy, where
we were obliged to stop on account of bad weather and contrary

winds; in one part of our route we passed a quantity of islands and
breakers, very dangerous, and shelving out into the sea some leagues.”

At this point the weather, head-winds, and scarcity of
provisions compelled our hardy adventurers to retrace their
steps. On the 23d of September, three weeks after leaving
St. Croix, they set out on their return, and in nine days
after were greeted by their companions. The little band at
St. Croix had busied themselves in making preparations for
the winter. They were scanty enough for the inclement
season, and disease of a virulent type soon broke out among
them ; before spring set in the little cemetery on the island
had in it thirty-five graves. De Monts resolved to abandon
his plantation and return to France; but on the 15th of
June the little company was gladdened by the arrival of
two ships from France bringing men and provisions.

 

“On the 17th of the month” (says Champlain) “the Sieur de Monts
decided to seek for a place hetter suited for habitation than ours, and
on the 18th he left the Island of St. Croix, with some gentlemen,
twenty sailors, and two savages, Panounias and his wife, whom he did
not wish to leave behind, and whom we took with us as a guide to the
country of the Almouchiquois, hoping by means of her to see and
learn more of the country, for she was a native of it.”

In this second voyage Champlain and his party sailed
westward to the mouth of the Sheepscot River, which they
ascended to its head, probably at the site of what is now
Wiscasset. On the way up the river they narrowly escaped
being lost on a rock which their vessel grazed in passing;
farther on they met some savages in two canoes, who were
accosted by the aid of the wife of their guide, and induced
to conduct the party to their chief, Manthoumermer, whose
village was at the head of the river. Here they met the
chief and some twenty-five or thirty savages ; the conference
resulted amicably, and a treaty of alliance was entered into
between the natives and the French. The former conducted
Champlain and his party down the river on the following
morning. Passing some islands, each of the savages left an
arrow near the cape by which all must pass, assigning as a
reason for this custom that unless they did it the evil spirit
would bring about some misfortune.

“Near this cape,” says Champlain, “ we passed a fall of water; but
it was not done without great difficulty, for, although we had w fair
and fresh wind, and carried all the sail we possibly could, we were
obliged to take a hawser ashore and fasten it to the trees, and then
pull with all our strength, and thus by main force and the favoring
wind we got through. The savages who were with us carried their
canoes along the shore, being unable to make headway with their pad-
dies. After having passed the fall we saw beautiful meadow-lands. I
was much astonished at this fall because we descended easily with the
tide, but at the fall it was against us, but above the fall it ebbed as
before, much to our satisfaction.”

Says General Brown in commenting upon this passage,—

“Tt is evident that Champlain ascended the Sheepscot to the northern
extremity of Westport, descended the river on the west side of the
island, passed close to what is now Hockamock Point, pulled the
vessel through upper Hellgate, and so entered the Kennebec proper,
and passed on to Merrymeeting Bay. The descent was made by the
true channel to the site of Fort Popham, where they probably anchored,
unless they made a harbor a little farther to the westward.”

Coasting to the westward, the vessel of Champlain next
came to anchor off Old Orchard Beach, and inside of
Stratton’s Island. Here they saw a large number of natives
on the main shore, with whom they held a friendly confer-
ence. They visited Wood Island, which Champlain named
“ [Isle de Bacchus,” on account of the grapes which he
found there, the first, he says, he had seen after leaving
“ Cape la Héve.” “ At high water,’ Champlain continues,
“ we weighed anchor and entered a little river (the Saco),
which we could not do sooner on account of a bar, on which
at low tide there is but one-half a fathom of water, but at
the flood a fathom and a half, and at the spring tide two
fathoms; within are three, four, five, and six fathoms,’”—
a very accurate description of the physical features appar-
ent to this day. Champlain, with his customary exactness,
enters into minute details of the habits, appearance, and
character of the people. The river, he says, was called
the river of the Chowacoet* country. They landed and

 

* Pronounced swaw-co,—very nearly the sound of the present name.
12 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

examined the little gardens of the inhabitants; Cham-
plain and De Monts were interested in the culture of
maize. ‘‘ They plant,” says the varrative, “in gardens, sow-
ing three or four grains in one spot, and then with the
shell of the signoc they gather a little earth around it;
three feet from that they sow again, and so on.”

We can scarcely improve even now on this method of
planting corn, which Champlain calls “wheat -of India.”
The shell-hoe used by the natives, which Champlain calls
the signoc, was probably the curious shell of the horseshoe-
crab, and those familiar with it can easily understand how
serviceable it may have been in their simpler gardening
operations, particularly in the soft sandy soil. Champlain
made a chart of this harbor, giving all the prominent
features of the coast and river line, with soundings, just
as he had conscientiously done before at the Kennebec, the
St. Croix, on the shores of the Bay of Fundy, and Nova
Scotia. These were all studies for the maps which, as
Royal Geographer, it was his special mission to prepare.

On Sunday, the 11th, the little company left Chouacoet,
making some twenty miles to the westward, where, on ac-
count of contrary wind, they were compelled to anchor;
on the main shore they saw two natives, who fled at their
approach. They describe the country here as abounding in
meadow-lands of great extent, wild grapes, walnuts, and
luxuriant verdure. The wind continuing, they retraced
their course six miles, and found a harbor at Cape Por-
poise, which Champlain calls Port aux Isles, on account of
the three islands which furnish shelter there. He also
notices the entrance to Kennebunk River, and gives a cor-
rect description of the harbor, with such sailing directions
as would make the passage easy to any navigator who might
follow him. His computation of the latitude of this point
is within five one-hundredths of a degree. On the 15th of
the month they proceeded upon their journey, coasting
along the sea-beaches of Wells, York, and Hampton, pass-
ing the Merrimac and its surrounding marshes, which, in
the dim twilight, seemed like a great bay; they caught
glimpses, in the east, of the Isles of Shoals, and at last
anchored, under the shelter of Cape Ann, to await the day.
In their progress farther southward they crossed Massa-
chusetts Bay, entered, on the 18th, the harbor in which,
fifteen years later, the Pilgrim Fathers found their home,
rounded the sandy promontory of Cape Cod, and terminated
their southward journey at what is now Nanset. ‘To Cape
Cod, Champlain gave the appropriate designation of Cap
Blanc,—the white cape.

On the 25th of July, De Monts, finding his stores rap-
idly diminishing, decided to return to St. Croix. On his
return he stopped again at Saco, and here had an interview
with Marchim, the sagamore of Casco Bay, ‘“‘ who had the
reputation of being one of the bravest men of his country,
and he had a fine manner, and all his gestures and move-
ments were grave and dignified, savage though he was.”
They gave him presents, and he, in turn, gave them a young
Etechemin, from the eastward, an Indian boy, whom he had
made prisoner in some foray. From the Saco they pro-
ceeded to the Kennebec, arriving there on the 29th of July.
Here they had an interview with a chief named Aunnassou.
Champlain says,—

 

“ He told us there was a vessel six leagues from the harbor, which
had been engaged in fishing, and the people on board had killed five
savages of this river, under the pretense of friendship, and according
to his description we judge them to be English, and named the island
where they were ‘ Le Nef,’ because at a distance it had that appear-
ance.”

(That is, it looked like the hull of a ship.) The
island was Monhegan, and the vessel referred to the
“Archangel,” under Capt. George Weymouth. This is the
only allusion made by Champlain to any contemporary
English discoveries on the whole coast, so far as his explo-
rations extended.

Leaving the Kennebec, Champlain and his company
returned tu St. Croix, where they arrived on the 2d of
August, and found a vessel and supplies from France.

Dissatisfied both with his settlement at St. Croix, and
his discoveries to the south and west along the coast, De
Monts now determined to transport his colony to Port
Royal. He himself returned to France. Champlain re-
mained to complete his discoveries, his desire being to
extend them in the direction of Florida. On the Ist of
March, 1606, the Sieur du Pont-Gravé fitted out a vessel
of about eighteen tons; on the 16th they set sail, but were
obliged to seek a harbor on an island to the south of Grand
Menan. On the following day they encountered a severe
storm, which drove them ashore, and after repairing their
bark they returned to Port Royal. On the 29th of April
they made another attempt, only to meet with fresh disas-
ters; at the entrance to Port Royal they were wrecked,
losing their vessel, and running imminent risk of their lives.
Disheartened at these disasters and the non-appearance of
the vessels which were expected with supplies, Du Pont
decided to return to France, and on the 16th of July they
abandoned Port Royal, leaving two men who had bravely
volunteered to remain and guard the property which was
left behind. After having rounded Cape Sable, however,
they were gladdened by the sight of a shallop, in which was
Sieur Ralleau, secretary of De Monts. He announced the
arrival of the “Jonas,” a vessel bringing new accessions to the
colony, under the command of Poutrincourt, among others
the versatile advocate Lesearbot, the future historian of New
France. So they gladly retraced their steps, and on the
31st of July arrived once more at Port Royal. While the
new-comers ‘set to work with commendable vigor to make
preparations for their stay, Du Pont decided to return to
France, and to take with him all the company who had
spent the previous winter in the colony. A few desired to
remain, and among the number was Champlain, who says,—

“T remained also, with the Sieur de Poutrincourt, intending, by the
grace of God, to finish and perfect the chart which I had commenced
of the country and the coast.”

In this third voyage the company left Port Royal ov the
5th of September, 1608, and, after visiting the St. Croix
and Kennebee, arrived at Saco River on the 21st. No in-
cident of interest is mentioned in the narrative in connec-
tion with their landing here, except that the Indians had
finished their harvest.

From this point they made Cape Ann, and so to the
southward. In a conflict with the natives they lost several
of their company. On the 28th of October they set sail
from Malabarre for the Isle Haute, on their return voyage.
EARLY DISCOVERIES

AND SETTLEMENTS. 13

 

On the 31st, between Mount Desert and the mouth of the
Machias, they lost their rudder, and were in imminent peril.
With much ingenuity they succeeded in reaching a harbor,
but not until the 14th of November, after many dangers
and disasters, did they reach Port Royal.

Thus closes our hasty account of the services to geo-
graphical science of a very remarkable man, whose three
voyages of discovery furnish the first intelligible contribu-
tion to the cartography of Maine. In the language of the
translator of his narrative, J. Marshall Brown, of Portland,
whose valuable paper we have substantially followed in the
account of these voyages,—

“ His monument is here, as well as on the banks of the majestic St.
Lawrence, and his memory will be preserved in the great landmarks
on our coast, which bear the names he gave them two hundred and
seventy years ago.”

The colony planted at Port Royal (now Annapolis, Nova
Scotia) continued to prosper for a time; from it originated
the second settlement by the French on the coast of Maine,
—the mission at Mount Desert founded by the two Jesuit
priests, Fathers Biard and Massé. These priests had been
brought from France to Port Royal by Biencourt in 1608,
to take charge of the spiritual interests of the plantation,
and had assumed to exercise a controlling influence in civil
affairs; for this cause a quarrel ensued between them and
the Governor which resulted in their separation from the
colony. They went to Mount Desert, where in 1609 they
established the mission of St. Sauveur, planted gardens,
laid out grounds, and entered with zeal upon the work of
preaching their faith to the natives in that vicinity. Prior
to 1613 the French had built a small fort at the mouth of
the Penobscot. Their disposition to occupy the country
farther west aroused the alarm of the English colony
established in Virginia, and in 1613 they sent Capt. Ar-
gall to drive out the French, who, in the summer of that
year, seized their forts at Mount Desert, St. Croix, and
Port Royal, and carried their vessels and ordnance, together
with their cattle and provisions, to Jamestown. The power
of the French in this quarter was thus interrupted for
several years. The conflicting claims growing out of the
French and English charters inaugurated a series of wars
which were perpetuated between the colonies of the two
nations, enlisting on one side and the other the savage
ferocity of the Indian tribes, for more than a hundred and
fifty years, and were never finally settled till the conquest
of Canada by the English, in 1760. Between the province
of Maine and the French colony of Acadia the situation
was about as follows: the English occupied the country
exclusively as far east as the Kennebec, and the French,
except when dispossessed by treaty or actual force, had ex-
elusive occupation as far west asthe Penobscot. The coun-
try between these two rivers was debatable land, both parties
continually claiming it, and each occupying it at intervals.
In the commission to the French Governor before the treaty
of Utrecht, in 1713, Acadia is described as extending to
the Kennebec River, and the whole was then ceded to the
English. But in the construction of that treaty the French
restricted the territory to Nova Scotia.

After the expeditions of the Cabots, 1497-98, the Eng-
lish made little effort to discover or acquire territory in the

 

new world for more than a century. In 1602, Gosnold
sailed along the coast of Maine, and in 1603, Martin Pring
discovered Penobscot and Casco Bays, and sailed up the
Saco River to the falls. The voyage of George Weymouth,
in 1605, was the first attempt which had been made by
English navigators to sail due west from England to the
coast of North America. His course brought him to Mon-
hegan Island, eighteen miles from the mainland at Booth-
bay. He anchored three miles north of the island, which
he named St. George’s, in honor of his patron saint, in a
harbor which he called Pentecost Harbor. The vessel in
which he arrived was named the “ Archangel.’’ He re-

‘mained upon the coast for several weeks, proceeding in his

pinnace several miles up a ‘most excellent river,” and
carrying home with him five Indians, whom he treacher-
ously decoyed into his vessel, three of whom he gave to Sir
Ferdinando Gorges, by whom one of them was sent back
in 1607, with Capt. George Popham.

James Rosier, an English gentleman, who accompanied
Capt. Weymouth as chronicler, wrote a glowing account of
the newly-discovered country in 1605, but omitted all names
and observations of latitude and longitude, in order, it is
said, to prevent navigators of other nations from seeking
the same spot. The consequence has been that the river
has been guessed to be the Hudson, the James, the Saco,
and, more recently, the Penobscot, the Kennebec, and the
arm of the sea north of Monhegan, running up to South
Thomaston, and known as the St. George’s. Capt. Wey-
mouth also discovered the fishing-banks, which are still
known as the George’s banks; and although his name has
failed to displace the old Indian name of Monhegan, there
has been a strong presumption that the nameless river
which he found might still wear, like the banks, the name
of his patron saint. Dr. Belknap, the historian of New
Hampshire, however, conjectured that Weymouth had
ascended the Penobscot River, and this opinion was gener-
ally followed until the late John McKeen, of Brunswick,
suggested that Rosier’s description better fitted the Kenne-
bec, and a few years later Rev. David Cushman, of Warren,
contended that the St. George’s River was intended.

All these conjectures, however, were set at rest by the pub-
lication, in 1849, by the Hakluyt Society (and afterwards
by the Historical Societies of Maine and Massachusetts) of
William Strachey’s account of the Popham settlement, writ-
ten not later than 1618, and preserved in manuscript in the
British Museum. Strachey was the secretary of the Vir-
ginia Company, and was in Virginia from 1610 till 1612.
He says, in so many words, that Captain Weymouth made
a search “sixty miles up the most excellent and beneficyall
river of the Sachadehoc.” But the Sagadahoc is only an-
other name for the waters of the Kennebec below Merry-
meeting Bay, including the waters which flow out through
the passage opposite Bath into the Sheepscot, and the
Sheepscot itself, which may be regarded as one of the
mouths of the Kennebec. Thus the question has finally
been set at rest.

The expedition of Captain Weymouth, together with the
active movements of the French at this period, served to
awaken an interest in England in the colonization of North
America; and in April, 1606, a charter was obtained from
14 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

King James for the whole extent of country lying between
the 34th and 44th degrees of north latitude. This large
tract was divided between two companies; the first, reach-
ing to the 41st degree of north latitude, was bestowed upon
a London company, the founders of the settlement at
Jamestown, Va.; and the northern part was granted to a
company in the town of Plymouth. Under this charter
the respective companies sent out colonies in 1607. With
the one destined for Virginia we have nothing to do in this
connection ; the one from Plymouth, destined for the north-
ern shores, consisted of two ships and one hundred and
eight men, under command of Captain George Popham as
president, and Captain Rauleigh Gilbert as admiral. They
sailed from Plymouth on the 31st of May, and arrived at
Monhegan, on the coast of Maine, August 11th, and thence
continued on to the Kennebec, where they planted them-
selves on the west bank of the river upon the peninsula now
known as Hunnewell’s Point, called by the Indians Sabino.
This was the first English colony, not merely in Maine, but
upon the whole New England coast. Here they erected
Fort St. George, on the site of which the United States
government has built a fort called Fort Popham, in honor
of the first president of the colony.*

Although the ample preparations and other circumstances
attending the expedition show that the adventurers intended
to make a permanent settlement, yet a succession of pecu-
liarly unfavorable circumstances terminated the hopes and
the existence of the colony in one year from its commence-
ment. They retired from the contest with savage and in-
hospitable nature, not without strong prejudices against the
country, feeling, as Capt. Smith expressed it, that it was
“a cold, barren, rocky, mountainous desert.” Prince says
that “they branded the country as over cold, and not habit-
able by our natives.”

Capt. Popham died during the winter; which was one of
great severity, and Rauleigh Gilbert was obliged to return
to England on account of thé death of his brother.

From this time for several years little was done on the
coast of Maine except fishing and trading with the Indians.
The two principal actors in these enterprises were Sir Fran-
cis Popham and Sir Ferdinando Gorges,—the latter, as a
future ruler, proprietor, and promoter of colonization, des-
tined to play a very important part in the affairs of the
country. In 1614 an expedition was fitted out by these
gentlemen, under command of Capt. John Smith, “to take
whales, and also to make trial of mines of gold and copper.”
If these failed, “ fish and furs were then to be their refuge.”+
Smith adds,—

“We found this whale-fishing to be a very costly conclusion; we
saw many and spent much time in chasing them, but could not kill
any; they being a kind of jubartes, and not the whale that yields
fins and oil, as we expected.”

They were also disappointed in the mines, and he thinks
the representation was ‘‘ rather the device of the master to
get a voyage, than any knowledge he had of such matters.”
During this voyage, Capt. Smith left his vessel, and with

 

* In August, 1862, the Maine Historical Society and a very large
concourse of people assembled here to celebrate the two hundred and
fifty-fifth anniversary of the planting of the colony.

t Smith’s New England, p. 175.

 

eight men in a boat traversed the whole coast from the
Penobscot to Cape Cod. He describes Casco Bay, and
other places along the coast.

After speaking of Casco Bay, under the name of Auco-
cisco, and describing it as “a large deep bay full of many
great islands, he comes to Sawoco-tuck, in the edge of a
large sandy bay, which hath many rocks and isles, but few
good harbors, except for barks.” This last-mentioned river
was evidently the Saco, from which the last syllable (if
ever really attached to it) was subsequently dropped.

In 1615, Capt. Smith was again employed by Gorges
and others to visit New England with a view of beginning
a settlement; for this purpose he was furnished with two
ships and a company of sixteen men as emigrants. But
he was unsuccessful, being driven back to port in a violent
sterm which carried away his masts; on the second at-
tempt he was captured by the French. It does not appear
that this celebrated adventurer came to America after 1614.
He published his description of New England in London,
in 1616, and died in that city, in 1631.{

Every year after this vessels were sent to the coast to
trade with the natives and to fish, many of which made
profitable voyages. In 1615, Sir Richard Hawkins sailed
from England, with a commission from the Council of Ply-
mouth to do what service he could for them in New Eng-
land; but on his arrival here he found a destructive war
prevailing among the natives, and passed along the coast
to Virginia.§ In 1616, four ships from Plymouth and two
from London made successful voyages and obtained full
cargoes of fish, which they carried to England and Spain.
Sir Ferdinando Gorges also, the same year, sent out a ship
under the charge of Richard Vimes, who afterwards became
prominent in the early history of Maine, particularly in
that portion of it of which it is the object of this work
especially to treat. He passed the winter at the mouth of
the Saco River, from which circumstance the place received
the name of Winter Harbor, which it still bears.

The next settlement planted in Maine was that estab-
lished by Sir Ferdinando Gorges, on the Island of Monhe-
gan, in 1621. This plantation was established as a fishing
and trading post, but it had become of sufficient importance
to draw thither for supplies the people settled in Massa-
chusetts Bay, during the hard winter of 1623.|| This was
the first settlement which continued for any considerable
length of time within any part of the territory of Maine.
We find also that a settlement was commenced at New
Harbor, on Pemaquid, in 1625, which continued to in-
crease without interruption till the destructive war of 167 5.||

CHAPTER ILI.

PATENTS GRANTED BY THE PLYMOUTH
COUNCIL.

Sir Ferdinando Gorges—His Agency in Procuring the New Charter
—Council for the Settlement and Government of New England—
Landing of the Pilgrims—Summary of Grants made by the Council.
A NEW movement was now about to be made for the

more effective colonization of the country. Sir Ferdinando

 

{ Willis’ History of Portland. 2 2 Prince, p. 43. || Ibia.
PATENTS GRANTED BY THE PLYMOUTH COUNCIL. 15

 

Gorges, whose commercial operations on the coast of Maine
had already become conspicuous, was the prime mover in
a petition to the king for a new charter prescribing a defi-
nite extent of territory, the necessary powers and privileges
of the patentees, and giving an exclusive right to the soil
and to the management of the fisheries and trade within its
limits. The charter was granted on the 3d of November,
1620, its corporators consisting of forty noblemen, knights,
and gentlemen, who were collectively styled “ Tux Coun-
CIL ESTABLISHED AT PLYMOUTH, IN THE COUNTY OF
Devon, ror PLANTING, RULING, AND Governine New
ENGLAND In America.” Among the gentlemen com-
prising this Council were the Duke of Lenox, the Mar-
quises of Buckingham and Hamilton, the Earls of Pem-
broke, Arundel, Bath, Southampton, and Warwick; Sir
Edward Seymour, Sir Dudley Driggs, Sir Ferdinando
Gorges, Sir Francis Popham, and many other distinguished
men and dignitaries, designed to give strength and charac-
ter to the movement in view of which public attention
was largely attracted to New England.

The more zealous and prominent men in the Council
were two who may properly be placed at the head of the
list. One was Sir Ferdinando Gorges. He had been presi-
dent under the former charter; his many years’ experience
of the country, through his various agents, had given him
a knowledge of New England which no other member pos-
sessed ; and the settlement of the country was still his fa-
vorite pursuit. Capt. John Mason, returning home about
this time from Newfoundland, of which he had been Gov-
ernor, also exhibited great courage and confidence in the

cause; and when there was an occasion to fill an early |

vacancy in the Council, he was elected a member and
became the secretary.*

The territory granted in the charter embraced all the
country between the fortieth and forty-eighth degrees of
north latitude, extending from the Atlantic to the Pacific
Ocean. It included in width the whole coast line between
Pennsylvania and the Bay of Chaleurs, which opens into
the Gulf of St. Lawrence.

The charter of 1606, and all the settlements made and
possessions acquired under it, were expressly recognized by
the new charter. The privileges granted in the former
were confirmed, such as the rights of citizenship, the ex-
clusive trade and fisheries within the limits of the grant,
importation from England free of duty for a period of seven
years, and the right to expel all intruders. The coining
of money and the settlement of Catholics was prohibited
in the colonies. This charter, which existed upwards of
fourteen years, or till its surrender to the king, in 1635, is
the foundation of all the subsequent patents by which New
England was at first divided, and its settlements and colonies
located and limited.

Jn order to clear the ground of difficulties which may
otherwise arise in our future history, it may be well, before
proceeding further, to give a brief summary of the grants
made by the Plymouth Council during the period of its
existence as a body corporate.

It may be remarked here that the movement of the

Pilgrims, which resulted in their settlement at Plymouth,
Mass., had no connection with the doings of the Plymouth
Council, which was not fully organized until after they had
undertaken their voyage. Indeed, the charter was granted
only seven days previous to their arrival at Plymouth Rock,
on the 10th of November, 1620. Without any concert
with the patentees, without their concurrence, in fact, with-
out any design of their own, it would appear they had
reached a place on the shores of New England, in the
affairs of which, and of the county at large, they were des-
tined to exert a controlling influence. This company of
Pilgrims started from Leyden, Holland, to which they had
before removed from England, determined to seek security
and freedom of worship in the wilderness of America. In
the summer of 1620 they commenced their voyage for the
Hudson, designing to make a settlement somewhere on
that river or in the vicinity; but, either by design or acci-
dent, they fell short of their destination, and landed at Cape
Cod on the 10th of November. Here they determined to
remain, and selecting a spot, previously named Plymouth
on Capt. Smith’s map, established there the first permanent
settlement in New England. The French had then a plan-
tation at Port Royal, Nova Scotia, and the English had
settlements in Virginia, Bermuda, and Newfoundland.

From this brief digression we return to the grants of the
Plymouth Council.

1. On the 10th of September, 1621, the northeastern
part of the territory included in the charter was granted by
James I. to Sir William Alexander.t This was done by
the consent of the Council, as Gorges expressly declares.
The grant, to which the name of Nova Scotia was given,
extended from Cape Sable north to the St. Lawrence; it
included Cape Breton, all the islands within six leagues of
the eastern, western, and northern shores, and within forty
leagues south of Cape Sable. In 1622, Sir William Alex-
ander subdued the French inhabitants within his grant,
carried many of them prisoners to Virginia, and planted a
colony there himself.{

2. On the 10th of August, 1622, the Council of Plym-
outh granted to Sir Ferdinando Gorges and Capt. John
Mason ‘all the lands situated between the rivers Merri-
mack and Sagadahock, extending back to the great lakes
and river of Canada.” This grant was called the province
of Laconia, but it retained that name only for a short time.
In 1623 the proprietors sent over David Thompson, Hdward
and William Hilton and others, who commenced a planta-
tion upon the west side of the Piscataqua River, which was
the first. settlement in New Hampshire, and the beginning
of the present city of Portsmouth. Gorges and Mason con-
tinued their joint interest on the Piscataqua, having pro-
cured a new patent in 1630, including all their improve-
ments on both sides of the river. In 1634 they made a
division of their property, Mason taking the west side of
the river and Gorges the east side, each procuring distinct
patents for their respective portions. The grant to Mason
became New Hampshire; that to Gorges, New Somerset-
shire, afterwards changed to Maine. Gorges did not con-
fine his attention exclusively to Piscataqua. In February,

 

%* Belknap’s New Hampshire, p. 14.

 

{ 2 Prince, p. L11. t 2 Hazen, p. 387.
16 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

1623, we find that he had already the plantation established
upon the island of Monhegan, referred to in the preceding
chapter, which had been founded at a considerably earlier
period,—some think before the landing of the Pilgrims.
The plantation is admitted to have been in existence in
1621, and how much earlier cannot be positively deter-
mined. It was a well-known settlement in 1623, as is
proven by the fact of the Plymouth colonists coming here
for provisions in the winter of that year.

3. On the 9th of November, 1626, the Council of Plym-
outh granted to the New Plymouth Company a tract of
land on the Kennebec, which was subsequently enlarged
so as to include the Penobscot, the company having erected
a trading-house on Bagaduce Point, at the mouth of that
river. They also erected a trading-house on the Kennebec,
in 1628, and supplied it with corn, and the necessary
accommodations for trade up the river.*

4, In 1628, Thomas Purchase settled at Pejepscot Falls, |

now Brunswick, having, in connection with George Way,
obtained a grant of land of the Plymouth Council. The
name of Mr. Purchase appears frequently in the early
political affairs of York County. He was a fisherman, and
trader with the Indians, prior to the war of 1675. The
land included in his patent subsequently passed into the
hands of the Pejepscot proprietors.t

5. In 1628 the Massachusetts Bay Company procured
a charter from the Council of Plymouth, and in June sent
over Capt. John Endicott and a few associates to take pos-
session of the grant. They arrived in September, at Maum-
beag, now Salem, and laid the foundation of that respect-
able town and the colony of Massachusetts Bay.

6. In 1629, Aldworth and Elbridge sent over to Shurte
a patent from the Council of Plymouth for twelve thousand
acres of land on Pemaquid. A settlement was made on
the grant the same year, as appears from the wording of a
subsequent grant. Thomas Elbridge, the son of Giles, the
patentee, came over a few years after, and held court within
this patent, to which ‘‘ many of the inhabitants of Mon-
hegan and Damariscove repaired, and made acknowledg-
ment of submission.{ This court was probably at a later
date than the one held at Saco in 1635.

7. On the 12th of February, 1629, the Council of Ply-
mouth made two grants on the Saco River, each being four
miles upon the sea and extending eight miles into the
country. The grant upon the west side of the river was
made to John Oldman and Richard Vines Oldman had
lived in the country six years, partly within the Plymouth
and partly within the Massachusetts jurisdiction, and Vines
had become acquainted with the country by frequent voyages
to it, and by spending one winter in the place where his
patent was situated. He took possession of his‘grant June
25, 1630, and entered with zeal and ability into the means
of converting it into a source of profit. This patent, in
later years called the Biddeford patent, was the foundation
of the present flourishing city of Biddeford.

 

* 2 Prince, p. 62. } History of Brunswick.

{ In 1675 there were no less than one hundred and fifty-six fami-
lies east of Sagadahock, and near one hundred fishing-vessels owned
between Sagadahock and St. George’s River.— Silvanus Davis’ state-
ment to the Council in 1675.

 

The patent upon the east side of the river was given to
Thomas Lewis and Richard Bonython. The patentees
undertook to transport fifty settlers here in seven years at
their own expense. Livery of seizin was given June 28,
1631, and the proprietors in person successfully prosecuted
the interest of their patent. This patent was the beginning
of the settlement which has since grown into the prosperous
city of Saco. This subject will be found more fully treated
in the histories of Biddeford and Saco, farther on.

8. In 1630 the colony of New Plymouth procured from
the Council a tract of land fifteen miles wide on each side
of the Kennebec, extending as far up as Cobbiscontee.
Under this grant they carried on trade with the Indians
upon the river for many years, and in 1660 sold the title,
for £400, to Messrs. Tyng, Brattle, Boies, and Winslow.§

9. March 13, 1630, a grant was made to John Beau-
champ, of London, and Thomas Leverett, of Boston, Eng-
land, of ten leagues square between Muscougus, Broad
Bay, and Penobscot Bay. Large preparations were imme-
diately made for carrying on trade there, and agents were
employed. This was originally called the Lincoln grant,
and afterwards the Waldo patent, a large part of it having
been held by Gen. Waldo, to whose heirs it descended. It
now forms the county of Waldo.||

10. In 1630 the Council of Plymouth granted to John
Dye and others forty miles square, lying between Cape
Porpoise and Cape Elizabeth. This was named the Pro-
vince of Lygonia,§ though commonly known as the
“Plough patent,” probably from the ship called the
“ Plough,” which brought over the first company. They
arrived at Winter Harbor in the summer of 1631, in the
ship “ Plough,” but not being satisfied with the prospects
of the country, most of them continued on to Boston and
Watertown, where they were soon broken up and scattered.
In 1643 the grant fell into the hands of Alexander Rigby,
under whom a government was established, which will claim
our attention farther on. The claim to soil and sovereignty
in the Province of Lygonia, as it was called, occupies con-
siderable space in the early history of this portion of Maine
and of York County, and gave birth to a conflict with
Gorges and his heirs, which was only finally settled by the
submission of all the contestants to the authority of Massa-
chusetts in 1653 and 1658.

11. The next grant we meet with was that of Black \
Point, now Scarborough. This was made by the Council
of Plymouth to Thomas Cammock, Nov. 1, 1631. It ex-
tended from Black Point River to the Spurwink and back,
one mile from the sea. Cammock is supposed to have been
a relative of the Earl of Warwick, one of the members of
the Council. He was one of the company sent to Piscat-
aqua, and was there as early as 1631. Possession of his
grant, which included Stratton’s Island, lying about a mile
from the Point, was given him by Capt. Walter Neal, May
23, 1633.** The patent was confirmed to him by Gorges

 

2 Archives of Maine Historical Society.

|| Willis’ History of Portland.

4 From William Lygon, of Madresfield, Worcestershire, an ancestor
of the Earl of Beauchamp, and father-in-law of Sir Ferdinando
Gorges. See Gorges Genealogy, chap. v., this work.

*& York Records.
FIRST CIVIL GOVERNMENT IN MAINE.

17

 

in 1640. The same year he gave a deed of it to Henry
Jocelyn, to take effect after the death of himself and wife.
He died in the West Indies in 1643. Jocelyn married his
widow, Margaret, and came into possession of the whole
estate. The tract is now held under this title by convey-
ances from Jocelyn to Joshua Scottow, July 6, 1666.

12. Dec. 1, 1631, the Council of Plymouth conveyed to
Robert Trelawny and Moses Goodyeare, merchants of Plym-
outh, England, the tract lying between Cammock’s patent
and the bay and river of Casco (Fore River), extending
northward into the mainland as far as the limits and
bounds of the land granted to the said Thomas Cammock
do and ought to extend.* This included Cape Elizabeth,
but Winter, the agent of the proprietors, contended for a
larger extent north, which, under the management of
Winter’s attorney and executor, Robert Jordan, led toa
severe contest of many years’ continuance. The limits
claimed included nearly all of the ancient town of Falmouth
and part of Gorham. The claim, after several attempts to
establish it, was finally decided against Jordan, and wholly
relinquished by his heirs.

13. In 1634, Edward Godfrey procured of the Council
of Plymouth a grant for himself and associates, Samuel
Maverick, William Hooke, and others, of twelve thousand
acres of land on the north side of the river Agamenticus.
The same year another grant was made, of twelve thousand
acres, on the south or west side of the river, to Ferdi-
nando Gorges, grandson of Sir Ferdinando.

Hdward Godfrey had settled at Agamenticus (now York)
in 1629, five years before his patent was obtained. He
was for several years an agent for the Laconia Company at
Piscataqua. After he established himself in Maine his ac-
tivity and intelligence soon brought him into notice. Sir
Ferdinando Gorges appointed him a councilor of his prov-
ince in 1640; in 1642 he was mayor of Gorgeana; he was
chosen Governor by the people in the western part of the
province in 1649, and was the first in Maine who exercised
that office by election. He died about 1661.

All the grants which we have thus briefly alluded to
were made by the Council of Plymouth, notwithstanding
the patent to Gorges and Mason of 1622, which nominally
covered the whole territory. From this circumstance it is
reasonable to conclude that the patent of 1622 was unexe-
cuted, and that no title passed by it. Such we find to be
the fact. In the opinion of Sir William Jones, the attor-
ney-general in 1679, it is stated that “the grant was only
sealed with the Council seal, unwitnessed, no seizin endorsed,
nor possession ever given with the grant.t It is obvious
that the conveyance must have been incomplete, for Gorges
himself was sitting at the council-board, and was a party to
all the subsequent conveyances. Besides, he and Mason
both procured new grants in 1630 to portions of the same
territory lying on each side of the Piscataqua River.

 

* York Records. { 1 Hutchinson, 258; Hubbard, 614.

-

 

CHAPTER III.
FIRST CIVIL GOVERNMENT IN MAINE.

Rulers Appointed by the Council of Plymouth—Operations of Gorges
at Agamenticus—The Council Surrender their Charter—Government
formed under William Gorges—First Courts at Saco—New Charter
obtained by Sir Ferdinando Gorges—Peculiarities of his Govern-
ment over the Province of Maine.

THE first civil rulers in Maine were those sent over by
the Council of Plymouth,—Robert Gorges, Francis West,
and William Merrill,—who were invested with authority to
superintend and manage all the public affairs of New Eng-
land. Gorges was a son of Sir Ferdinando, an active, en-
terprising man and a brilliant officer. He was commis-
sioned lieutenant-general and governor-in-chief of the coun-
try. His Council was to consist of Francis West, Christo-
pher Leavitt, the Governor of New Plymouth, and such
others as he might select. Francis West was commissioned
admiral of New England, with special instructions to re-
strain all unlicensed ships from fishing or trading within
the limits of the Plymouth patent, or to exact penalties
from all interlopers. He proceeded to execute his orders
with so much rigor that the fishermen and traders revolted
against his authority. He returned to England only to
find that the mariners had preferred charges -against him
before Parliament for interfering with their rightful em-
ployment, and had requested an order to make the fisheries
entirely free. The Commons, being opposed to exclusive
corporations created by the king, were ready to view the
charter of the Plymouth Council as a public grievance.
Sir Ferdinando was called to the bar of the House to an-
swer for his management, and that of his associates. He
defended the conduct of the Council with great spirit and
ability. The matter was laid before the king, who refused
to revoke the charter ; nevertheless, the Council, in defer-
ence to public opinion, concluded to suspend their opera-
tions, and call home the Governor. Thus, in about a year
from its inauguration, the first attempt at a general govern-
ment of the colonies proved a signal failure.

Disappointed with the general state of affairs, Sir Ferdi-
nando Gorges now turned his attention to the establishment
of an independent colony at his own expense. He selected
for his site the river Agamenticus, which afforded a good
harbor at and above its mouth, on both sides of which he
procured by patent from the Plymouth Council twelve
thousand acres of land. The immediate management of the
settlement was intrusted to William Gorges, his nephew,
“Ca young gentleman of rank and ambition, and to Francis
Norton, who, having risen by his own merits to a
lieutenant-colonel, was desirous to perpetuate his fortune.”
Sir Ferdinando bestowed special attention on the new
colony, and expended his fortune freely to promote its
interests. He provided his first company of emigrants with
every facility to make a successful beginning in a new
country. The first company sent over by him embraced
artisans, mechanics, and husbandmen. He supplied them
with implements and machinery to clear away the forests,
manufacture lumber, build mills and ships, and cultivate
the soil. This settlement became in a few years the capi-
tal of the province, and the first incorporated city on the
18 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

continent of North America. The history of this city,
however, and of the remarkable form of government estab-
lished for the province, belong to a later period than that of
which we are now speaking.

The affairs of the Plymouth Council becoming compli-
cated and wearisome to the corporators, they resolved to
surrender their charter to the king. Before doing so, how-
ever, they divided the territory of Maine between three of
the patentees. Gorges’ share extended from the Piscataqua
to the Kennebec, or Sagadahock ; another portion lay be-
tween Sagadahock and Pemaquid ; the third extended from
Pemaquid to the St. Croix.* The proprietors of the two
latter divisions are not named, and there appears to be no
evidence that any occupation was had of them under this
title. The prospect of trouble with the French at that
period, who claimed as far west as the Kennebec, probably
deterred the proprietors of these eastern grants from making
any attempt to settle their patents. Gorges cofsidered him-
self’ peculiarly fortunate in securing that portion of the ter-
ritory about which there was no dispute with the French.t
In the instrument of surrender the Council provided for all
existing titles made by them, and prayed the king to con-
firm the grants which they had divided among themselves.
These were recorded in a book which accompanied the sur-
render. The division among the patentees was made by
lot, on the 3d of February, 1635, the grant was executed
April 22d, and on the 7th of June, following, the President
and Council made a full transfer of their charter to the
king. They, at the same time, urged upon the king the
necessity of taking away the charter of Massachusetts Bay,
and of appointing from among the lords proprietors a gen-
eral governor for the whole country. This met with some
favor, and probably would have been done but for the
breaking out of the civil war in England, which soon
ensued.

We have now only to follow the history of one division
of this great charter, viz., that granted to Sir Ferdinando
Gorges, which embraced the original province of Maine
extending from the Piscataqua to the Kennebec. Gorges
lost no time in improving his acquisition. To his province
he gave the name of New Somersetshire, from the county
in England in which his estates were situated. He sup-
posed that his patent conveyed to him, with the soil, the
sovereignty or right of government which the company
possessed before their dissolution. Hence, to organize and
establish an administration of justice, he sent over in 1635,
or early in 1636, William Gorges, his nephew, in the ca-
pacity of Governor. He is described as ‘‘a man of sense
and intelligence, equal to the importance of the trust.”
He entered=upon the duties of his office at Saco, then the
most flourishing and probably the oldest settlement in the
province.{ Gorges commenced his administration at the
dwelling-house of Richard Bonython, situated not far from

 

* Gorges’ Narrative.

t{ The French continued in possession of the Penobscot till a.p.
1664,— Hutchinson, p. 49; 1 Williamson, 264.

¢ “It had now enjoyed a form of government several years, which
might originally have been a social compact or voluntary combination
for mutual safety and convenience. In the mean time Richard Vines
had officiated as Governor and Richard Bonython as assistant.”— Wil-
liamson, ii. 264.

 

the shore on the east side of Saco River. Here he opened
a court March 28, 1636; present, Richard Bonython,
Thomas Cammock, Henry Jocelyn, Thomas Purchase, Hd-
ward Godfrey, and Thomas Lewis, Commissioners. This
was the first organized government established within the
present State of Maine.

“The court was continued for several days. T. Williams was
bound in the sum of £100, with sureties, to answer to the suit of Mr.
T. Lewis at the next General Court, and u sufficient jury of this
Province returned to try the same. There were several actions,—
Mrs. Joan Vines vs. Bonython and Lewis, about planting corn; W.
Scadlock ve. M. Howell, debt; T. Page vs. J. Richmond, trespass ;
and there were orders passed against drunkenness, against mischievous
Indians,” etc.g

“The Governor,” says Williamson, “in the discharge of his official
duties, found it necessary to look into the concerns and conditions of
the several settlements in the Province, which, including the one at
Saco, consisted of six. I. Agamenticus, a place of Sir Ferdinando
Gorges’ particular patronage, originally settled by husbandmen and
artisans, twelve or thirteen years before, had assumed the appearance
of prosperity, with a slow but gradual increase of inhabitants. ILI.
The Piscataqua Settlement or plantation, consisting of families scat-
tered from Kittery Point to Newichawannock and the northern Isles
of Shoals, were variously employed, though principally in the fish-
eries and lumber business. These were first under the superintend-
ence of Walter Neal, then Francis Williams, till the arrival of William
Gorges. III. Black Point Settlement, begun about six or seven years
before by Thomas Cammock, Henry Jocelyn, and Mr. Gains, con-
sisted of several houses, and included Stratton’s Island. IV. The
Lygonia Plantation, which embraced Richmond’s Island and most
of the patent of Robert Trelawny and Moses Goodyeare, undertaken
six years previously and deserted the succeeding summer by most
planters under the ‘Plough patent.’ The inhabitants consisted
principally of fishermen, hunters, and traders, whose dwelling-places
were at Spurwink, Purpooduck, and on the peninsula, collectively
called at the time Casco. Thomas Bradbury and George Cleaves had
agencies under Gorges in 1636-37, and John Winter, as early as 1631,
was the active agent here of Trelawny and Goodyeare. V. The Pe-
jepscot Settlements, originating in the enterprise of Thomas Purchase
and George Way, who established their residencel] at the head of
Stevens’ River, a.p. 1624-25, consisted at this time of a very few
habitations. They claimed on both sides of the Androscoggin to the
falls ; southwardly to Maquoit; also the Merriconeag peninsula, Se-
bascodegan, and other islands, upon which there might possibly have
been several stages for fishermen. VI. The people residing within
the Kennebec patent, who were under the jurisdiction of New
Plymouth.”

The government under William Gorges existed less than
two years. It was really without a basis of authority upon
which to rest; for the grant from the Plymouth Council
conveyed no right of civil jurisdiction to the grantee. The
Council itself had possessed this right by virtue of its char-
ter, but it was not transferable with grants made under its
authority.

At this time the increasing troubles in Church and State
in England, and the growing strength and influence of the
Puritan colonies, aroused the fears of the king, and he de-
termined to establish a strong government over New Eng-
land. The man whom he selected out of all his realm to
place at the head of this government was Sir Ferdinando
Gorges, whom he appointed Governor-General in 1638. The
charter of Massachusetts was the only formidable barrier
to the successful inauguration of this scheme, and the king
resolved peremptorily to dispose of that ; he, therefore, com-

 

2 Folsom’s Saco and Biddeford.

|| George Way, though assuciated with Purchase in the grant, never
was a resident of Pejepscot.

{| Purchase settled 1628.—Aistory of Brunswick.
FIRST CIVIL GOVERNMENT IN MAINE. 19

 

manded the authorities to surrender it, or they must expect
a total dissolution of the corporation. The reply which
they made, or at least a certain sentence in it, opened the
eyes of Gorges to the true situation of things more than
any other argument could have done: “If our charter be
taken away, and we be dissolved, we must leave our habi-
tations for some other place, and the whole country will fall
into the possession of the French on the one hand, or the
Dutch on the other.” He saw that the Massachusetts gov-
ernment was the principal barrier to the encroachments of
the French. To weaken it would be to encourage the pre-
tensions of D’Aulney and endanger the safety of his own
province. Hence, he declined to accept of the situation of
Governor-General, although flattering to his personal am-
bition. Abandoning this object, he now devoted his ener-
gies to the single purpose of obtaining a royal charter for
the government of his province. He succeeded in obtain-
ing one, the privileges of which ought to have been suffi-
cient to satisfy any ambition, so far as the extraordinary and
almost unlimited powers which it granted were concerned.

This memorable charter bears date April 3, 1639. It
embraced, as did the former grant, the country between the
Piscataqua and the Kennebec, extending northwestward
into the country one hundred and twenty miles, including
the northern half of the Isles of Shoals, the islands Capa-
wock and Nautican, near Cape Cod, and all the islands and
inlets within five leagues of the main, along the coast, be-
tween said rivers of Piscataqua and Sagadahock. By this
charter the territory and the inhabitants upon it were in-
corporated into a body politic and named THE Province
on County or MaINnz,—the name being given, it is
thought, in compliment to the queen, who had an estate of
the same name in France.*

We quote the following respecting the powers of this
charter from Williamson's History of Maine:

“Sir Ferdinando, his heirs and assigns, were made absolutely Lords
Proprietors of the province, excepting the supreme dominion, faith,
and allegiance due to the crown, and a right to exact yearly a quart
of wheat and a fifth of the profits arising from pearl-fishing and from
gold and silver mines.

“The articles of faith and forms of ecclesiastical government used
by the Church of England were established ; and to the proprietary
was given the patronage of all churches and chapels, and the right of
dedicating them according to English usages.

“Tn concurrence with a majority of freeholders, or their represen-
tatives, assembled for legislation, the proprietor was authorized to
establish any laws or orders which the people’s good required,—ex-
tending for sufficient cause to life or member, and conforming as far
as practicable to those of England. Likewise to him, as proprietary
Governor, belonged the power to erect courts of justice, civil and ec-
clesiastical, for determining all manner of causes by sea or land; to
appoint judges, justices, magistrates, and their offices, and to displace
them; to prescribe their respective jurisdictions; and to frame the
oaths to be taken by officers and witnesses. Also to him, or his deputy,
appeals were generally allowed in all cases whatsoever, which could
in England be carried before the king.

“ The executive powers of the Lord Proprietor, or deputy Governor,
were plenary. He had the appointment of all executive, military,
and ministerial officers, life-tenants, and deputies; the pardon of all
offenders and offenses, and the execution of the laws. To provide
suitably for emergencies, when assemblies of freeholders for making
laws could not be convened, he had power by his deputy or magistrates

 

* The name may have been of earlier origin, derived from the ex-
pression “the Main,” in distinction from the many islands along the
shore, which is common among the old authors,

 

to establish all fit and wholesome resolutions and orders, provided they
did not extend to any person’s life, freehold, or chattels. ‘ Whereas
the Province,’ in the language of the charter, ‘is seated among many
barbarous nations,’ and has been sometimes invaded by them, by
pirates, and others, it is ordained that the Lord Proprietor be invested
with the amplest authority to arm all his provincials in defense, and
to fortify, resist, conquer, and recapture in all cases according to his
pleasure and the laws of war; and, also, amidst all hostilities or
tumults, to execute martial law, as fully as any of the king’s captain-
generals could do within the realm.’ He had a right to build or
establish as many cities, boroughs, and towns as he chose; to grant
them charters of incorporation, appoint markets, and prescribe tolls.
He likewise of right designated the ports of entry rated and took
to himself the duties on imports, and yet his provincials have only to
pay in England, on their export thither, the same customs paid by
natural-born citizens of the realm. All English subjects had free
privilege to take fish in any of the waters of the province. ... To
the Lord Proprietor belonged all waifs, wrecks, escheats, and the
estates of pirates and felons, whenever liable to seizure or forfeiture ;
also admiralty jurisdiction, so that all maritime causes arising in the
province, or within twenty leagues of it, were subject to his adjudica-
tion, under the paramount authority of the English Lord High Ad-
miral.”

We will quote no further; enough has been given to
show the spirit of the charter. The government which he
formed under it was unique. Retaining the supreme exec-
utive power in his own hands, he chose to appoint a council
of seven members of his own selection, and to provide for
a popular branch consisting of representatives chosen by
counties. The commissions to the councilors, together
with an exact transcript of the charter and a code of ordi-
nances and instructions, under his hand and seal, Sept. 2,
1639, were transmitted to the province with a request to
the council to proceed in the execution of their trust with-
out delay, and to read the whole at the opening session, so
that the people of the province might know how they were
to be governed. After waiting six months and receiving
no intelligence of the arrival of the papers, he carefully
executed a duplicate set, somewhat enlarged and improved,
March 10, 1640, which were duly received and became the
foundation of his government.

The permanent councilors appointed were Thomas Gor-
ges, deputy Governor; Richard Vines, of Saco; Henry
Jocelyn, of Black Point; Francis Champernoon, of Kit-
tery; Richard Bonython, of Saco; William Hooke, of
Agamenticus ; and Edward Godfrey, of Piscataqua.

There were seven general provincial officers, as follows :
The deputy Governor was the president of the board, and
chief magistrate under the Lord Proprietor, and held his
office for three years; the chancellor was appointed to de-
termine all differences between parties in matters of equity ;
the marshal had the command and management of the
militia, and was invested with power to hold courts by a
judge-marshal, where all military cases of honor or arms,
capital as well as technical, were to be tried ; the treasurer
received and disbursed the public revenue; the admiral had
charge of all naval forces, and either by himself or his lieu-
tenant, or a subordinate judge, determined all maritime
causes; the master of ordnance took charge of all public
military stores, both for the sea and land service; the sec-
retary was the Lord Proprietor's and Council's official corre-
spondent and keeper of the province seal, which he was to
impress upon all the receipts and processes of that body.

The councilors, besides taking the oath of allegiance
20 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

according to the form prescribed in England, were also to
take an oath in the words following:

“T do swear to be a faithful servant and councilor unto Sir Ferdi-
nando Gorges, knight, my Lord of the Province of Maine, to his heirs
and assigns; to do and perform all dutiful respects to him or them
belonging, conceal their counsels, and without respect of persons to
give my opinion in all cases according to my conscience and best un-
derstanding, both as I am a judge for hearing causes and otherwise;
freely to give my opinion as I am acouncilor for matters of the State or
Commonwealth ; and that I will not conceal from him and his Council
any matter of conspiracy or mutinous practice against my said lord,
his heirs and assigns; but will instantly after my knowledge thereof
discover the same unto him and his said Council, and seek to prevent
it, and by all means prosecute the authors thereof with all severity,
according to justice.”

The Council were directed to appoint a clerk or register
to record their proceedings, and a provost-marshal to exe-
cute their precepts, judgments, and sentences, who was to
be provided at the public charge with a suitable building
for the confinement of prisoners. It was also enjoined
upon them to hold their court regularly on a stated day
every month, and in a place most central and convenient
for the inhabited parts of the province. The jurisdiction
of the Council extended to all cases both civil and criminal.
In addition to the seven standing councilors who constituted
the Supreme Court of judicature, there were to be elected
eight deputies by the freeholders of the several counties as
representatives in behalf of the country, who were authorized,
in virtue of their places, to sit in the General Court as as-
sistant members, and give their opinions according to right
and justice. These fifteen formed the legislative branches
of the government, and without the advice and consent of
the whole, duly assembled, no measure could become a law.
For the administration of justice in each county and the
maintenance of the public peace, a lieutenant and eight
justices were to be appointed by the executive, and these,
in session, were to appoint two head constables for each
hundred, and for each parish one constable and four tithing-
men. No provision was made for public institutions nor
for schools.

CHAPTER IV.
ADMINISTRATION OF THOMAS GORGES.

First Court under the Charter—York County Records—Agamenticus
Incorporated—City Government—Revolution in England—Con-
federate Alliance of the Colonies—Maine refused admission on
Religious Grounds—Revolt of the Northern Isles of Shoals.

Tuer first General Court under the charter was opened at
Saco, on the 25th of June, 1640, and held by four of the
council, viz., Richard Vines, Richard Bonython, Henry
Jocelyn, and Edward Godfrey. They called themselves
“Councillors of Sir Ferdinando Gorges, for the preserva-
tion of justice through his Province.” Thomas Gorges had
not yet arrived in the country. The members present took
the qualifying oath and proceeded to business. They ap-
pointed Roger Garde, of Agamenticus, Clerk or Register ;
Robert Sankey, of Saco, Provost-Marshal; Nicholas Frost,
of Piscataqua, Michael Mitten, of Casco, and John Wil-
kinson, of Black Point, Constables for those places. At
the first session there were eighteen civil actions, and eight

 

complaints. At this court George Cleaves, who had taken
up two thousand acres at Spurwink, on the promise, as he
claimed, of a grant from Gorges, and had been ejected and
removed to Falmouth Neck, brought suit against John
Winter in two actions, for intrusion and trespass, in taking
possession under the patent to Trelawny and Goodyeare, and
recovered. John Winter, the agent of Trelawny and Good-
yeare, who was a large trader on Richmond’s Island, was
also indicted for taking a premium of more than five per
cent. upon the cost of his merchandise. There were sev-
eral civil actions brought, among which were the following :
A. Browne vs. Thomas Purchase, for slander,—verdict five
pounds; R. Gibson vs. J. Bonython, for slander,—verdict
six pounds, six shillings, six pence.

It is said that policy dictated the holding of the first
court at Saco, for the purpose of exercising jurisdiction over
the territory claimed by the Lygonia patentees, although
the people of Agamenticus and Piscataqua felt disappointed,
and complained of the distance as a grievance.

The Council, in deciding to hold the court at Saco, were
also justified on the ground of their instructions, which re-
quired them to select a situation the most central. Taking
into consideration the most eastern settlement at Pejepscot
and the most western at Piscataqua, within the province,
the situation at Saco was certainly well chosen. Never-
theless, in view of the fact that the western people had
expected Agamenticus to be the seat of government, the
Council determined to hold a session there also, and to re-
quire the settlers at Piscataqua (Kittery) to attend at Saco
only on the annual election days in June.

Thomas Gorges arrived in the summer of 1640, com-
missioned by the Lord Proprietor deputy Governor of
the Province. ‘ He was a young gentleman who had re-
ceived a law education at the Inns Court in Westminster,
whose abilities, qualities of heart, sobriety of manners, and
liberal education qualified him well for the office. His in-
structions were to consult and counsel with the magistrates
of Massachusetts as to the general course of administra-
tion expedient to be pursued; and such were his own reso-
lutions that he determined to discharge the duties of his
office with fidelity and promptitude.”

At this time, at Agamenticus, was a notorious character
named George Burdett. He was noted for his lewdness
and misconduct generally, and yet he was a man of a cer-
tain kind of political influence. He had been a minister
in Yarmouth, England, and also in Salem, Mass., whence
he removed to the upper plantation of New Hampshire,
and, by his ability at intrigue, succeeded in 1636 in sup-
planting Thomas Wiggin, the Governor, and obtaining the
office himself. His true character being soon exposed, he
fled to Agamenticus and took up there the functions of a
minister. He was exercising these functions, together with
practices debasing to public morals, when he was arrested
by order of the deputy Governor for breaches of the sev-
euth commandment, and bound over to answer for his crimes
at the next Councilor’s Court at Saco. At this session of
the court, which commenced September 7th, Mr. Gorges
presided, juries were impaneled, and justice was regularly
administered. At this session there were pending about
forty cases, thirteen being indictments.
ADMINISTRATION OF THOMAS GORGES. 21

 

We give the following from the records of this court,
which are still preserved. It may be well to premise that
these records were originally made upon books of one or
more quires of paper, stitched together, and without any
covering of parchment or strong paper to preserve them
from injury. Prior to 1774, they had no marks to dis-
tinguish them, but at that date Hon. David Sewall, of York,
upon examining them for mere curiosity, lettered them re-
spectively, A, B, C, and so on as far as G. These books,
known as the ‘‘ York County Records,” are the oldest col-
lection of records in the State, and among the oldest in New
England, and are of great interest for the light they shed
upon the history of those early times. They are a mixture
of legislative and judicial orders and decisions, of a criminal
and civil nature, interspersed with inventories of estates of
intestates, wills, accounts of administrators, and the like,
made by the clerk of the Court of Common Pleas, in whose
custody they were kept before the Revolution, in an old
chest, with other papers belonging to the office. They are
now in the office of the clerk of the Judicial Courts, in the
County of York, at Alfred.

YORK RECORDS—BOOK A, 28.

“8th September, 1640, General Court at Saco. Before Thomas
Gorges, Richard Vines, Richard Bonighton, Henry Josselin, and Ed-
mund Godfrey.

“Mary the wife of George Puddington uf Agamenticus is here In-
dicted by the whole Bench for often frequenting the House and com-
pany of Mr. George Burdett, minister of Agamenticus aforesaid,
privately in his bed-chamber and elsewhere in a very suspicious man-
ner, notwithstanding the said Mary was often forewarned thereof, by
her said Husband, and the Constable of the said Plantation with
divers others; and for abusing her said Husband to the great dis-
turbance and scandall of the said plantation, contrary to the peace of
our Sovereign Lord the King. This Enquest find Billa vera.

“ Whereupon the Court enjoyneth the said Mary to make this pub-
lick confession, here in this Court, and likewise at Agamenticus afore-
said when she shall be thereto called by the Worship’! Thomas Gorges
and Edmund Godfrey, two of the Councellors of this Province. Her
confessions followeth.

“T Mary Puddington, do hereby acknowledge that I have dishon-
oured God the place where I live, and wronged my Husband by my
disobedience and light carriage for which I am heartily sorry, and
desire forgiveness of this Court, and of my Husband, and do promise
amendment of life and manners henceforth; and having made this
confession to ask her husband forgiveness on her knees.

“Mr. George Burdett minister of Agamenticus is Indicted by the
whole Bench for a man of ill name and fame, Infamous for inconti-
nency, a Publisher and Broacher of divers dangerous speeches, the
better to seduce that weak sex of women to his Incontinent practices
contrary to the peace of our Sovercign Lord the King, as by Deposi-
tions and Evidences. This Enquest find Billa vera.

“Whereupon the said George Burdett is fined by the Bench for
this his offence ten pounds sterling to our Sovereign Lord ye King.

“Mr, George Burdett is also Indited by the whole Bench for De-
flowering Ruth the wife of John Gouch of Agamenticus aforesaid
as by depositions and evidence appeareth, contrary to the Peace of
our Sovereign Lord the King. This Enquest find Billa vera.

“ Whereupon the said George Burdett is fined by the bench for this
his offence Twenty Pounds Sterling to our Sovereign Lord the King.

“Mr. George Burdett being found guilty by the grand Enquest for
entertaining Mary the wife of George Puddington in his House as by
the first Indictment against the said George Burdett appeareth, is
therefore fined by this Bench Ten Pounds Sterling to the said George
Puddington for those his wrongs and Damage sustained by the said
George Burdett. page 29.

“Ruth the wife of John Gouch being found guilty by the grand
Inquest of Adultery with Mr. George Burdett is therefore censured by
this Court, that six weeks after she is delivered of child, she shall

 

stand in a white sheet publickly in the Congregation at Agamenticus
two several Sabbath Days, and likewise one day at this General Court
when she shalJl be thereunto called, by the Councellors of this Prov-
ince, according to his majesty’s laws in that case provided.

“At a general Court held at Saco September 17th 1640. It is
ordered by this Court, that in regard of the great Damage the Inhab-
itants of this Province do sustain thro’ the loss of their cattle by the
devouring Wolves, that from henceforth if any one shall kill any wolf
between Pascattaqua and Kenebunk, the partie so killing them shall
have Twelve pence for every wolf so killed from every Family between
Kennebunk and Sagadahock, for every Wolf so killed within those
limits, and that the partie killing any Wolves (repairing to the next
Councellor of this Province within said Limits,) shall have order for
taking up of the said money.

“Tt is ordered by this Court that the Worshipfull Thos. Gorges
and Edward Godfrey Councellors of this Province shall order all the
Inhabitants from Piscatiqua to Kennebunk, which Have any children
unbaptized, that as soon as a minister is settled in any of their plan-
tations, they bring their said children to Baptism, and if any shall
refuse to submit to the said order, that then the partie so refusing
shall be summoned to answer this their contempt at the next General
Court to be holden in this province.”

Upon the establishment of the Gorges government the
province was divided into two districts east and west of the
Kennebunk River. The western gradually acquired the
name of York and the eastern was commonly called Somer-
set, or New Somerset. For the former, terms of the Infe-
rior Court were appointed to be holden at Agamenticus
three times a year, and for the latter three terms annually
at Saco. It was also ordered that henceforth there shall be
one General Court holden at Saco for the whole province of
Maine every year on the 25th of June, or on the next day,
if that should fall on the Sabbath. Other sessions of the
General Court could be convened at the discretion of the
Council. The Inferior Courts had no jurisdiction in capi-
tal felonies nor in civil actions involving titles to lands.

The energetic measures of the administration gave general
satisfaction throughout the province, excepting in the settle-
ment upon the northern bank of Piscataqua, where some dis-
content appears to have prevailed. Disinclined to acknowledge
the jurisdiction of Gorges’ charter, yet complaining of the
great evils they had suffered from the want of civil govern-
ment, they entered into a social compact Oct. 22, 1640, and
by articles to which Richard and William Waldron, Thomas
Larkham, and thirty-eight others were subscribers, com-
bined themselves into a body politic for the free exercise
and preservation of their civil rights. They professed to
be the king’s loyal subjects, and said they should observe
his laws in connection with those of their own making till
he should give them further orders.* The compact soon
fell asunder, and we find the leaders of this pure democracy,
Waldron and Larkham, soon after at Dover, N. H., where
they probably went to participate in a government more
liberal than that of Gorges.

Sir Ferdinando, in his special patronage of Agamenticus,
gave it a charter of incorporation, by which he erected it
into a borough. It embraced the territory three miles
every way from the “church, chapel, or oratory of the
plantation,’ and invested the “ burgesses” or inhabitants
with powers to elect annually a mayor and eight aldermen,
and to hold estate to any amount. Thomas Gorges was
first mayor, and the aldermen were Edward Godfrey, Roger

 

* Hazen, p. 482; Hubbard’s New England, p. 222.
22 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

Garde, George Puddington, Bartholomew Barnett, Edward
Johnson, Arthur Bragdon, Henry Simpson, and John
Rogers. The mayor and the board were authorized to make
by-laws, to erect fortifications, and to hold courts in the
“ Town Hall” once in three weeks, for the trial of misde-
meanors and all civil causes.

The inhabitants, in the enjoyment of these exclusive
privileges, were jealous of the jurisdiction of the General
Court, and when that body convened at Saco in June, 1641,
and was opened by the deputy Governor, and councilors
Vines, Bonython, Jocelyn, and Godfrey, three of the alder-
men and a delegate from the burgesses appeared and _pre-
sented a special memorial, declarative of their corporate
rights and duties, giving assent to the authority of the gen-
eral government of Gorges, and at the same time protesting
against any infringement of their borough-privileges. The
memorial is as follows, copied from the York Records :

“Leaf 19. Whereas, divers privileges have heretofore bin granted
to the Patentees and Inhabitants of Agamenticus, as by several pat-
ents doth and may appear, we whose names are here subscribed, being
deputed for and in behalf of the said Inhabitants, do in behalf of our-
selves and those we are deputed for protest as followeth: That our
appearance at this Court shall be no prejudice to any grants or privi-
leges which we now enjoy or ought to enjoy by Virtue of the said
Patents or otherwise, and that whatsoever we shall do or transact in
this Court shall be, saving this Protestation. Notwithstanding we
do humbly acknowledge his Majesty’s Grant of the Provincial Patent
to Sir Ferdinando Gorges, and humbly submit ourselves thereunto so
far as by law we are bound. We also destre that a copy of this Prot-
estation may be taken by some Notary or other officer of this Court,

here to be recorded,
“ Epw. Joanxsoy, Geo. Puppineton,

“Joan Baker, Banrtno’w BARNETT,
“Deputies for the Inhabitants of Agamenticus.

“Tt was ordered at this Court by Richard Vines, Richard Bony-
thon, Henry Jocelyn, and Edward Godfrey, Esq’rs, Councilors for
this Province, that the Government now established in Agamenticus
shall so remain until such time as the said Councilors have Certified
the Lord of the Province thereof and heard again from him Concern-
ing his further pleasure therein.”

Sir Ferdinando’s “further pleasure therein” proved to
be the enlargement of the corporate privileges of Agamen-
ticus. Determined now to erect the borough into a city,
he executed another and more perfect charter, March 1,
1641, by which he incorporated a territory of twenty-one
square miles, and the inhabitants upon it, into a body
politic, conferring upon it the dignity of his own name,—
“ Gorgeana.” The territory of the city “ay, in the form
of a parallelogram, on the northern side of the river Aga-
menticus, extending up seven miles from its mouth, and a
league upon the sea-shore.” The government consisted of
a mayor, twelve aldermen, twenty-four common councilmen,
and a recorder, elected annually, March 25th, by the free-
holders. The mayor and aldermen were ex-officio justices,
and had the appointment of four sergeants, whose insignia
of office was a white rod, and whose duty it was to serve
all judicial processes. The first city mayor was Edward
Godfrey ; the aldermen were probably those under the for-
mer charter.* Mr. Godfrey affirmed that “he had been a
promoter of this colony of New England from a.p. 1609,
and above thirty-two years an adventurer in that design.”

The population of Gorgeana at this time consisted of about

three hundred souls, but Gorges was actuated by great ex-

 

* 1 Williamson, p. 289.

 

pectations and generous designs: his ambition was to found
a prosperous and successful colony, and to organize and
establish a capital commensurate with his general plan of
government. To this end he labored earnestly, adopted
the policy which he thought best adapted to promote the
general welfare, and expended liberally of his own private
fortune to build up settlements, and to increase the com-
merce of the province. If he erred, it was in not perceiving
more clearly the signs of the times in which he lived, and
the tendency, both in England and in the colonies, to a
more liberal and democratic system of government than
that which he had so laboriously and ingeniously planned.
But he was a loyalist, and a zealous churchman, and had
already taken part on the side of the king, in the struggle
going on in the mother-country.

“More than ten years the city of Gorgeana acted in a
corporate capacity, making some grants of land, and man-
aging affairs in a manner most beneficial to the interests of
the people. As the mother-country was in a revolutionary
state, the Province of Maine might have been an asylum
for loyalists and Episcopalians, and some such, without
doubt, emigrated from the flames of civil war enkindled in
England. But the provincial government was not suffi-
ciently settled, energetic, and methodical to secure confidence
to a great extent.” The revolution in England added
largely to the accessions of wealth and population in the
colonies. Massachusetts rose rapidly to an ascendency in
her political character over the other colonies. New Hamp-
shire sought an alliance with her in 1642, and was admitted
to a political union, which lasted thirty-eight years. The
first portion of Maine which submitted to her jurisdiction
was the Pejepscot tract, or grant, which was assigned to her
Governor, John Winthrop, by conveyance from Thomas
Purchase, executed Aug. 22, 1639. In this instrument
was conceded to the government of Massachusetts the same
power and jurisdiction as she possessed within the limits of
her own charter, and, in return, the protection of the gov-
ernment was pledged to Purchase and his associates.

The acts of the Massachusetts Colony were viewed by
many of the malcontents of Maine as unwarranted stretches
of power, and often, in repayment for their severe strictures,
some of them received retaliatory treatment, but too severe.
A sermon, preached by Rev. Mr. Larkham, of Dover, New
Hampshire (then under Massachusetts), against hirelings,
was an evident aim at Rev. Richard Gibson, of Maine, and
gave him great umbrage. He was an Episcopalian, a good
scholar, a popular speaker, and highly esteemed as a min-
ister, especially by the settlers and fishermen at Richmond’s
Island, and on the Isles of Shoals, among whom he had
been for some time preaching. He, in reply, wrote an
insulting letter to Mr. Larkham, and likewise accused Mas-
sachusetts of usurpation in endeavoring to rule over the
Isles of Shoals. In this state of irritation Gibson provoked
the islanders, in 1642, to revolt, and submit to Gorges’
government, several of the cluster being included in his
charter. But he was glad to escape the indignation of that
colony by making an humble acknowledgment, and, per-
haps, promising that the islanders should be urged by him
to return to their allegiance.+

 

t Hubbard’s New England, p. 331; quoted by Williamson,
GOVERNMENT UNDER ALEXANDER RIGBY. 23

 

On the 19th of May, 1643, while the English House of
Commons was peculiarly favorable to the Republican and
Puritan portion of the colonies, Massachusetts, Plymouth,
Connecticut, and New Haven seized the opportunity to
form a confederacy, by which they entered into a compact
to afford each other mutual advice and assistance on all
necessary occasions. Among the reasons assigned for this
union were the dependent condition of the colonists; the
vicinity of the Dutch and French, who were inclined to
make encroachments ; the hostile appearance of the neigh-
boring Indians ; the commencement of civil contests in the
parent country; the impracticability of obtaining from
thence suitable aid in any emergency ; and the union al-
ready formed by the sacred ties of religion.* The Province
of Maine, being under rulers of Episcopal tenets, could not
be admitted to this union.

Governor Gorges was far from taking pleasure in the
present aspect of his provincial affairs. The renewal of
difficulties with the French, the restlessness of the Indians,
and, above all, the revival of the proprietary claim to Ly-
gonia, all served to render his situation anything but
encouraging, and he resolved to retire from the government
at the end of the three years for which he had been com-
missioned.

CHAPTER V.
GOVERNMENT UNDER ALEXANDER RIGBY.

Purchase of the Lygonia Patent—George Cleaves, Deputy President
—Conflict between the Rigby and Gorges Governments—Contro-
versy decided in favor of Rigby—General Assembly of the Province
of Lygonia—Life and Character of Sir Ferdinando Gorges.

THE success of the Republicans in England, in 1643,
brought again Lygonia, or the Plough patent, into notice.
The eastern parts of the territory had been progressively
settling thirteen years, and several places within its limits
had become of considerable importance. Alexander Rigby,
a high Republican, and member of the Long Parliament,
became the purchaser of the original grant and charter, in
the full determination to assume possession of the country
and of the reins of government. He commissioned George
Cleaves, then in England, his deputy president, and directed
him to immediately take upon himself the administration of
affairs. Cleaves had been for thirteen years a resident at
Spurwink and on Falmouth Neck, now Portland, and was
well aware of the resistance he might have to encounter
from the Gorges government, which had for six or seven
years exercised undisputed jurisdiction over Lygonia.
Cleaves, however, had calculated on the assistance of
Massachusetts to establish him in power; and accordingly,
on arriving in Boston, in 1644, he submitted the matter
to the advice of the magistrates, and besought their inter-
position. They prudently declined to interfere in the affair.
Cleaves returned to Falmouth Neck, and about this time
Governor Gorges returned to England.

 

%* This union lasted forty years.

+ The government residence of Gorges while in the province was
about a mile above Trafton’s Ferry, near Gorges’ Point; the cellar of
his dwelling- house remains to this day.

 

Cleaves called a convention, and organized a form of
government at Casco. But his every movement encoun-
tered the unqualified opposition of the Gorges government.
Vines convened the Council at Saco: in the consideration
of the subject, they thought the patent of Lygonia could
possess no powers of government since the dissolution of
the charter, whereas Gorges had obtained a royal charter
from his majesty, and by his officers and agents had exer-
cised a continued jurisdiction over the province for many
years.

On the other hand, Cleaves could show the original
patent to Dye and others, executed in 1630, a possession
taken soon afterwards under it, a deed of the late assign-
ment to Rigby, and satisfactory evidence that, when the
Plymouth Council was dissolved, there was a reservation of
all prior grants and existing rights. Still, to avoid a rup-
ture, he sent his friend Tucker to Saco with a proposal of
submitting the controversy to the magistrates of Massa-
chusetts, and abiding ‘their decision till a final one should
arrive from England. Vines had the messenger arrested
and thrown into prison, and he was not permitted to depart
till he had given bonds for his good behavior and his ap-
pearance at the next court at Saco.

The course of Vines in this respect was severely censured.
Cleaves made a representation of the facts to the Massa-
chusetts authorities, and requested them to espouse his
cause. He and the chief men of Rigby’s province also
sent to the commissioners of the united colonies a written
proposition, signed by some thirty, in which they requested
that Lygonia might become a member of the confederacy.
This was objected to on several grounds. The province of
Lygonia, they said, had no settled and well-organized gov-
ernment. She had not complied with an important article
of the confederation, which was that no colony while ad-
hering to the Episcopal Church communion of England
could be admitted ta membership. Rigby himself was a
zealous Episcopalian and a friend to the hierarchy, although
a good Republican commoner in Parliament, and most of his
provincials were of the same sentiments.{

At length—both parties agreeing to submit the contro-
versy to their arbitrament—the Massachusetts magistrates
appointed June 3, 1645, as a day for hearing the case.
Cleaves and Tucker appeared in behalf of Rigby, and
Jocelyn and Robinson in defense of the Gorges govern-
ment. The trial was before a jury, duly impaneled. Cleaves
was unable to show a sufficient assignment to Rigby, the
one produced being executed by a minority of the patentees ;
nor could he make it appear by legal proof that the terri-
tory in controversy fell within Rigby’s patent. The de-
fendants were in a similar predicament, for they could only
produce a copy of Gorges’ charter, attested by witnesses,
without any verification upon oath or official certificate.
The court, therefore, dismissed the cause, advising the dis-
putants to live in peace till a decision could come from the
proper authorities. The contest remained undecided for
two years.§

 

{ “The Province of Maine was not admitted into the confederacy ;
the people ran a different course from us both in the ministry and in
civil administration.”— Winthrop’s Journal, p. 275.

2 Hubbard, 270; Sullivan, 314; Williamson, 298.
24 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

After the retirement of Thomas Gorges, Sir Ferdinando
appointed no successor, leaving his province to the manage-
ment of his Council.

“He himself, though now more than seventy years of age, had
joined the army of the crown in the civil wars, and was with Prince
Rupert the last year of the famous siege of Bristol; and when that
city was taken by the Parliament forces, Gorges was plundered and
thrown into confinement.”

In 1644, Richard Vines was elected deputy Governor. He
presided in the General Court held at Saco in August, 1645,
at which session five members of the Council were present,
viz., Henry Jocelyn, Richard Bonython, Nicholas ‘Shap-
leigh, Francis Robinson, and Roger Garde.

At the Court of Elections, held at Saco, Oct. 21, 1645,
only three of the standing councilors were present, viz.,
Richard Vines, deputy Governor, Richard Bonython, and
Henry Jocelyn. The board, to the number of seven, was
filled by election, Francis Robinson, Arthur Macworth,
Edward Small, and Abraham Preble being chosen.

At this session the following order was adopted :

“Ordered by the General Court that, whereas, we have not heard
of late from the Hon. Sir Ferdinando Gorges, knight, lord proprietor
of this province of Mayne, for a full establishment of Government
within the said Province for our peace and safety, this 21st of Oct.,
1645, have chosen for our Deputy Governour, Richard Vines, Esq.,
for one whole year, and order yearly to choose a Deputy Governour ;
and further order that, in case the said Richard Vines, Esq., should
depart the country before the year be expired, then we nominate and
choose Henry Joselin, Esq., Deputy Governour in his place and stead.

“William Waldron, Recorder for the Province of Mayne, chosen
and sworn for one year.”*

The tax laid upon the province by the court at this ses-
sion was £4 11s., in the apportionment of which they as-
signed to the Piscataqua plantation £2 10s.; to Gorgeana,
£1; to Saco, 11s.; and to Casco, 10s. It appears from
this that the General Court still held jurisdiction from
Piscataqua to Casco.

We quote from the records of this session the action of
the court in the case of John Bonython, who had set at
defiance the authority of law, and offered violent resistance
to the officers sent to arrest him:

“1st of Oct., 1645, at Saco. Ordered, that whereas, John Boni-+
thon, of Saco, in the Province of Mayne, hath been summoned divers
time, in his Majesty’s name, to appear at our Courts, and hath refused,
threatening to kill and slay any person that should Jay hands on him,
whereupon the law hath laid its due proceedings to an outlary, and
divers judgments, executions, and warrants of the good behaviour,
against him. We therefore, at a General Court assembled, adjudge
the said John Bonithon outlawed and incapable of any of his majes-
tey’s laws, and proclaim him a Rebell.

“Ordered, by concent of the Court, that if Mr. John Bonithon be
taken, that he be sent to Boston to answer such things as shall there
be brought against him.

“Ordered, for the charges of the General Court at Saco, for the
Province of Mayne, 21st of Oct., 1645: Saco to pay 11s. ; Casco, 10s.;
Gorgiana, £1; Piscataqua, £2 10s. Total, £4 11s.”

Two law cases which occurred at this session may be
worthy of mention. Que was an action of account pre-
sented by John Trelawny, of Piscataqua, for services in the
fisheries at Richmond’s Island, against John Winter, a
trader there; the other was a suit by Kdward Godfrey, of
Agamenticus, one of the Council, to recover £20 awarded
him by the High Court of Star Chamber, in England,

 

* York Records, Book A, leaf 33.

 

against George Cleaves, the deputy President of Lygonia,
resident at Casco, now Portland. Both judgments were
for the plaintiffs.

The decision of the authorities in England, which Cleaves
and his associates had been waiting for nearly two years,
had now arrived, and the paramount authority of the gov-
ernment of Gorges within the Rigby patent was at an
end. The subject had been referred to the Governor-Gen-
eral and Commissioners of the American Plantations, who
made their report in March, 1646. They decided “ that
Alexander Rigby, in virtue of the deed and documents
adduced, is the rightful owner and proprietor, in fee-sim-
ple, of the territory or province of Lygonia; being a tract
of land forty miles in length and forty miles in breadth,
lying on the south side of the Sagadahock, and adjoining
unto the great ocean or sea called Mare del Nort ; and in
him is settled the right of planting, ruling, ordering, and
governing it.”

Thus the government of Cleaves, under Rigby, was au-
thoritatively installed, the commissioners ordering all the
inhabitants of the province “to yield obedience to the
constitution of government,” and directing “ the Governor
of Massachusetts, in case of any resistance, to afford the
officers appointed by said Rigby all suitable assistance.”

“ According to this decision,” says Williamson, “the river Kenne-
bunk proved to be the divisional line between the two provinces; and
the only remaining settlements within Gorges’ charter were those of
Wells, Gorgeana, Piscataqua, and the northern Isles of Shoals. No
decision could be more unwelcome and offending to the adherents of
Gorges. If the land-titles of settlers under him within the patent of
Lygonia were not thereby put at hazard, three of his councilors,
Vines, Jocelyn, and Bonython, and several other officers, fell within
Rigby’s jurisdiction, and must either yield allegiance to his govern-
ment or leave their estates and homes. To resist would only expose
them to the coercive power of Massachusetts, which, they had reason
to believe, she would be by no means displeased to exercise. Hence
Henry Jocelyn prepared to remove to Pemaquid, and some others did
actually quit the province.” =

In October, 1645, Richard Vines sold his estate to Rob-
ert Childs, and returned to England, whence he proceeded
to Barbadoes. He was a high royalist, and was deeply
chagrined and disappointed at the unfortunate turn affairs
had taken both in England and in the province. He had
been one of the earliest and most zealous promoters of the
colony, having first come over in 1609, and been constantly
in the country for thirty years.
Winter Harbor, on the sea-shore.

Henry Jocelyn succeeded Vines.as deputy Governor, and
presided over the court held at Wells, July 6, 1646; pres-
ent, Richard Bonython and Edward Godfrey, commissioners ;
Henry Boade, Bazil Parker, and Abraham Preble, assist-
ants.t It appears from this that some change had been made
in the style of the officers of this court; they are no longer
called“ Councilors for Sir Ferdinando Gorges,” but “Com-
missioners.” Williamson says a court was convened at
Wells this year ‘to revive and organize a new administra-
tion, lately so mutulated and crippled,” which * elected
Godfrey, Governor; Richard Leader, Nicholas Shap-
leigh, Thomas Withers, and Kdward Rishworth, Council-
lors,—the latter being appointed also Recorder.” There
may have been a movement of this kind, in the absence of

His residence was near

 

 

t York Records, Book A.
GOVERNMENT UNDER ALEXANDER RIGBY. 25

 

Jocelyn, prior to the session of the court on July 6th, but
Jocelyn had been appointed by the court the successor of
Vines, in case of the removal of the latter from the coun-
try, and the records show that he was in his place as dep-
uty Governor, at the session of the court, as above, on the
6th of July, 1646. The following is from the record of a
court held in June the following year :

“ June 30, 1647.—The Indictment of Charles Frost.

“Whereas, there was slain Warwick Heard, of Sturgeon Creek, by
Charles Frost, does stand here presented and Indicted, that he Felon-
iously contrary to the peace of our Sovereign Lord the King, his
Crown and Dignity did the 23d day of March last with wu fowling-
piece murder the said Warwick Heard; having not the fear of God
before his eyes. You are therefore to inquire whether it was wilfully

done with malice pretence, quarrell, or by accident or unawares, or
misadventure.

“The Jury find that Charles Frost did kill Warwick Heard by mis-
adventure. And Charles Frost quit by proclamation.”

At the Court of Elections, Oct. 20, 1647, no changes in
the officers of government are mentioned. Great care was
taken of the public interests, and the people enjoyed con-
siderable prosperity. One memorable act was passed by
this court, viz., the incorporation of the Piscataqua plan-
tations into a town by the name of Kittery, which embraced
the present towns of Kittery, North and South Berwick,
and Eliot. It was the first incorporated town in Maine,
Gorgeana being a city not a town. The town records begin
March 19, 1648.*

A curious memorial presented to the court this year re-
flects some light upon the faint delineations of these times:

“The humble petition of Richard Cutts and John Cutting sheweth:
That contrary to an order or act of Court which says, ‘no woman
shall live on the Isles of Shoals,’ John Reynolds has brought his wife
hither, with an intention to live here and abide. He also hath
brought upon Hog Island a great flock of goats and swine, which, by
destroying much fish, do great damage to your petitioners and others ;
and also spoil the spring of water upon that island, rendering it unfit
for any manner of use—which affords the only supply and relief to
all the rest of the Islands. Your petitioners therefore pray that the
act of Court may be put in execution for the removal of all women
from inhabiting there ; and that said Reynolds may be ordered to re~
move his goats and swine from the Islands without delay; and as in
duty bound is your petitioners’ prayer.”

In compliance with the request, the court ordered the
said Reynolds to remove his swine and goats from Hog Is-
land within twenty days, and also from such other islands
as were inhabited by fishermen. But “as to the removal
of his wife, it is thought fit by the Court that, if no further
complaint come against her, she may enjoy the company of
her husband.”

In dismissing the subject of Sir Ferdinando Gorges’ gov-
ernment, it may be well to insert a brief biographical
sketch of one so intimately identified with the early history
of York County. ,

Sir Ferdinando Gorges was the younger son of Edward
Gorges, Esq., of Wraxall, Somerset, whose will, dated
Aug. 10, 1568, was proved Sept. 17, 1568. The elder son
was Sir Edward Gorges, Kt., and died at Wraxall, where
he was buried, Dec. 16, 1624. It is not certain that Sir
Ferdinando Gorges was born at Wraxall, and the probability
is that he was not, as the Wraxall registers, which have

been carefully kept, contain no record of his baptism.
Moreover, his father, Edward Gorges, died at Clerkenwell,
Aug. 29, 1568. His funeral certificate is in the College of
Arms (i. 5, 161). The mother of Sir Ferdinando was
Cicely, daughter of William Lygon, of Madresfield, Wor-
cestershire, an ancestor of the present Earl of Beauchamp.
She married, secondly, John Vivian, lsq.

Edward Gorges, in his will, bequeathed to his son, Fer-
dinando, ‘a chayne of gold, waying 23 oz.,” one hundred
pounds sterling, and his “ manor of Bridcomb, Wraxall, to
have and to hold to him and his assigns, for and duriug the
term of xxiv. years, if he shall so long live.” The date of
his birth is given in the genealogy as “ between 1565 and
1567.” He was knighted for gallant services at the siege
of Rouen, France, by Robert, Har] of Hssex, in 1591.
Sir Ferdinando Gorges’ first wife was Ann Bell, daughter
of Edward Bell, of Writtle, Essex. They were married at
St. Margaret’s, Westminister, Feb. 24,1589-90. She was
buried in St. Sepulchre’s, London, Aug. 6, 1620. They
had four children,—John, Robert, Ellen, and Honoria; the
two last died young. He married, secondly, Mary Fulford,
daughter of Sir Thomas Fulford, and sister of Bridget Ful-
ford, the wife of Arthur Champernown, of Dartington,
Devon. Mary Fulford was the widow of Thomas Achim,
of Hall, Cornwall, whose will was proved 1619. She died
1623. It was through this marriage that Francis Cham-
pernown (spelled in America Champernoon), the son of
Arthur and Bridget Champernown, is called the nephew of
Sir Ferdinando Gorges. Sir Ferdinando married, thirdly,
Elizabeth Gorges, one of the daughters of Tristram Gorges,
son of Sir William Gorges, Kt., of St. Budeaux, Devon,
by Elizabeth, daughter of Martyn Cole. He was her third
husband. She died in 1629. They had no issue. He
married, fourthly, Hlizabeth (Gorges) Smyth, third daugh-
ter of Sir Thomas Gorges, Kt., by Helena Shackenburg,
the widow of William, Marquis of Northampton. They
lived at Lower Court, called sometimes “ Ashton Phillipps,”
Long Ashton, probably the dower house of his wife. She
died about 1658. Sir Ferdinando Gorges died at Long
Ashton, and was buried there May 14,1647. His will was
in the Diocesan Registry of Wills, Somerset, but cannot
now be found.

Much respecting the life of this distinguished man, the
founder of Maine and patron of the earliest settlements in
New England, will be found in the State papers and other
printed documents. Reference may also be had to Old-
mixon’s ‘History of the Stewarts,” vol. i. p. 76; Seyer’s
“ History of Bristol,” vol. ii. pp. 309 and 404; Barrett's
“ History of Bristol,” p. 414; “ New England Historical
and Cenealogical Register,” pp. 42-47; ‘ Archzeologia”
of the Society of Antiquaries (vol. xxxv. part i.), entitled
“New Materials for a Life of Sir Walter Raleigh, by J.
Payne Collier,” read before the society June 22, 1853 ;
also iv. Hume, p. 350.

Gorges and Sir Walter Raleigh, whose acquaintance was
intimate, and minds equally elastic and adventurous, turned
their thoughts at an early day to the American hemisphere.

Being many years the survivor, he had the superior ad-

 

 

* See History of Kittery in this work.
¢ Collection vii., Mass. Hist. Soc., p. 250.

4

 

$ Journal of the Siege of Rouen, by Sir Thomas Coningsby; edited
by John Gough Nichols, F.A.S.
26 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

vantage. He took into his family several transported na-
tives, and by listening to narratives about their people and
country he was amused, informed, and animated. Sanguine
in the belief that rich and powerful states would rise in this
region, his mind and his tongue dwelt with rapture upon
the theme.

Although his schemes may have been sometimes visionary,
and inspired by views and motives out of harmony with the
spirit of the times, yet no one can charge him with dishon-
esty or a lack of energy in the pursuit of what he con-
scientiously believed to be right and to the best interests of
the early colonists whom he induced to come to New Eng-
land. In religion an earnest adherent of the English
Church, he never manifested bigotry or intolerance towards
other forms of faith, or persecuted Puritans, Quakers, or
Dissenters.

In the grand patent of New England he was an active
and able member, the principal advocate of their rights, and
the most powerful champion in their defense. None did
more towards planting a colony at Sagadahock, and subse-
quent settlements in the vicinity. He sacrificed his time,
expended his money, and sent over his own son and kindred,
fully confident of final success.

His death, at the advanced age of seventy-four, in arms
on the side of his king, from whom he had received so
many tokens of favor, gave full proof of his fidelity; and
his life and name, though by no means free from blemishes,
have just claims to the grateful recollections of the Hastern
Americans and their posterity.

His eldest son, John, succeeded to his estates and title; a
man of no considerable energy, who survived his father
only a few years. He left a son, Ferdinando, who inherited
the title and some of the energies of his grandfather.

We turn now to the Rigby-Cleaves government. George
Cleaves had no sooner received the decision of the commis-
sioners in favor of the title of Rigby to Lygonia, than he
convened a court under the authority of the proprietor at
Saco; at which place, at Casco, and at Black Point, be
held sessions, at appointed intervals, three or four times a
year. The style of the court was the “ General Assembly
of the Province of Lygonia,” and consisted of assistants
and deputies chosen by the people. Founded, as this gov-
ernment apparently was, in rightful authority, and backed
by the constant menace of the authorities of Massachusetts,
it was useless for those disaffected towards it east of the
Saco River to make any resistance, or to place themselves
in an unfriendly relation to it. Hence we find several of
the former prominent friends of Gorges giving in their ad-
hesion, and accepting offices under Cleaves. Among these
were Henry Jocelyn, of Black Point, and Robert Jordan,
of Spurwink, who soon became prominent in the new gov-
ernment. The officers of this government were a deputy
president and six assistants, who were chosen from among
the justices or judicial magistrates, The deputy presidency
was conferred by Rigby upon George Cleaves, who appears
to have held that office as long as the government remained
in force.

During this time Cleaves made many grants of land. As
early as May, 1647, he granted to Richard Moore four
hundred acres at Cape Porpoise, and in September of the

 

same year he conveyed to John Bush a tract in the village
of Cape Porpoise. He also made grants in Scarborough
and Falmouth, all of them as the “agent of Col. Alexander
Rigby, President and Proprietor of the Province of Ly-
gonia.”

Records of only three courts held by Cleaves are now to
be found, and these are very imperfect. One relates to a
court held at Black Point, by George Cleaves, Henry
Jocelyn, and Robert Jordan, in which merely the appoint-
ment of an administrator is noticed; and the others, held
in Casco in September and December of the same year, ex-
hibit the proceedings which took place on the petition of
Robert Jordan, the executor of John Winter, for the allow-
ance of his claim against Trelawny. The proceedings of
the Assembly in September, 1648, are subscribed to by
George Cleaves, William Royall, John Cousins, Peter Hill,
and Robert Booth. Royall and Cousins were from Wes-
eustogo, now North Yarmouth; Hill and Booth were from
Saco; Watts was from Scarborough.

The government of Cleaves possessed considerable energy,
and for awhile was wafted by the popular breeze of repub-
licanism. We meet with nothing in the records to indicate
that the affairs of the province were not well administered,
and conducted without interruption, until the death of
Rigby, which took place in August, 1650.

Rigby was a gentleman of excellent character. He has
been described as “the patron of Episcopal ministers and
the friend of enterprising, ignorant poor.” His early and
generous exertions to send religious instruction to his prov-
ince, to the islanders, and to the fishermen upon the coast,
were couspicuous before his purchase of Lygonia. He
encouraged Richard Gibson, before mentioned, to protract
his mission in these parts, and was a friend of Robert Jor-
dan, an Episcopal clergyman for thirty-six years at Rich-
mond’s Island and Spurwink, where he lived till the time
of the first Indian war. No doubt this affinity of religion
had a great deal to do with the reconciliation of Jordan,
and also of Jocelyn, to their association with Cleaves in the
Rigby government.

The authority of Cleaves seems to have been overturned
by political combinations among his associates. At least
Cleaves, who was in England, so reported to Edward Rigby,
son of the proprietor, after the decease of his father, who,
on the 19th of July, 1652, wrote a letter to Henry Joce-
lyn, Robert Jordan, Thomas Williams, Arthur Macworth,
Robert Booth, Morgan Howell, John Wadleigh, Jonas
Bailey, Hugh Mosier, Thomas Morris, and all others whom
it concerned in Lygonia, severely animadverting upon
their conduct, and informing them that all political power
derived from his late father had expired with his death.
Portions of this letter will here be quoted to set the matter
in a clear light. After speaking touchingly of the death
of his father, he says,—

“Tam greatly displeased with the movements und illegal proceed-
ings among you, of which, according to the information derived from
his Jate deputy president, you are the instigators or advisers. They
were unexpected; nor shall your wrongs and abuses offered to our au-
thority be overlooked without due and timely submission. All politi-
cal power derived from him, you must be aware, expired at his death ;
and I command you whom I am addressing, and such others as have
been commissioned by him to be the public officers of the Province, to
ADMINISTRATION OF EDWARD GODFREY. 27

 

desist and abstain wholly from further transactions virtute effcii,
till you have directions from me, which, I assure you, will be com-
municated without delay.

“Heartily, Gentlemen, do I regret to learn that my father’s kind-
ness and generosity towards you, and his confidence in your probity,
should be repaid in u manner so wholly prejudicial to his interests
and mine. Again, let me tell you, that if, after receiving this netice,
you do not lay aside your private and secret combinations, and ab-
stain from unlawful measures, and unanimously join with me and my
deputy and other officers in the plans devised to promote the peace
and good of the Province, I shall adopt and pursue such a course
towards you as will enforce submission and effectually rectify all your
misdeeds and wrongs. At present I will not enumerate them, nor
dispute with you about them. Suffice it to say, that I conceive all the
official acts, either of the deputy president, the six assistants, the judges,
or any other officer whatsoever, in the commission of my father, done
subsequently to his decease, which was in August, 1650, are utterly

void.”

The letter of which the above is an extract was written in
London, on the 19th of July, 1652. It put an utter end to
the expiring government of Lygonia, and left Saco, the seat
of it, and the other plantations to the eastward to act ac-
cording to the dictates of discretion and policy. Cleaves
returned to Casco the following year, but before his arrival
Massachusetts had determined that her charter embraced
both the rival provinces of Gorges and Rigby, and the

_ people of the western portion had submitted to her juris-
diction. Before giving the history of this important
change in civil affairs, it will be necessary to revert to the
government established in the eastern portion of the province
under Edward Godfrey.

CHAPTER VI.
ADMINISTRATION OF EDWARD GODFREY.

The Restricted Province of Maine—Affairs after the Death of Gorges
—Death of Charles I.—-Godfrey Elected Governor of Maine—Peti-
tion to the House of Commons—Encroachments of Massachusetts—
Articles of Submission to her Jurisdiction signed at Kittery and
York.

In our preceding chapter we had brought down the gov-
ernment of Lygonia to its close in 1652. We are now to
go back to 1648, and consider the state of civil affairs in
the province of Maire,—7e., the restricted province of
Gorges, extending to the Kennebunk River. These two
governments were co-existent, and to some extent rival in-
stitutions. The inhabitants were nearly equal under each,
although the territorial limits of Lygonia considerably ex-
ceeded those of Maine. In neither of the governments
were the lines distinctly drawn between the legislative, ju-
dicial, and executive departments. The same tribunal made
laws, tried causes, and carried their sentences into execu-
tion. The administration under Gorges possessed the most
system and energy ; that under Rigby was the most popu-
lar, the politics and sentiments of the provincial officers being
more in unison with the triumphant Republicans in Eng-
land, and the Puritan rulers of Massachusetts.

The certainty of the death of Gorges having been ascer-
tained, the people of Wells, Gorgeana, Kittery, and the Isles
of Shoals held a popular convention at Gorgeana, in July,
1649, for the purpose of a general consultation as to the
best measures to be pursued with reference to the govern-

 

ment of the province. A free discussion was had upon
their rights, duties, and difficulties.

‘To promote the settlement and the greatest good of the country,”
said they, “has been our unchanging purpose; in which we have en-
deavored to manage and regulate its affairs according to the express
powers given in the charter to the Lord Proprietor, the ordinances
established by him and the Provincial General Court, and the laws and
usages of England. But most of his charter councilors have departed
the province,—the Parliament of England has commanded us not to
intermeddle with the patent to Mr. Rigby,—and since Sir Ferdi-
nando’s death no instructions have been received, nor can any be
reasonably expected from the parent country, so long as it is filled
with the present distractions, and involved in civil war.”

In view of this state of affairs,—entertaining doubts of
the continuance of the governmental powers of the charter
after the death of the Lord Proprietor, and perhaps fear-
ful to offend Parliament if they acted under that instrument,
—after premising that the privileges of Agamenticus, or
Gorgeana, should be preserved entire, they formed them-
selves into a social compact, in the words following:

¢ We WITH OUR FREE AND VOLUNTARY CONSENT, DO BIND OURSELVES
IN A BODY POLITIC AND ComMBINATION, TO SEE THESK PARTS OF THE
Country AND Province REGULATED, ACCORDING TO SUCH LAWS AS HAVE
FORMERLY BEEN EXERCISED, AND SUCH OTHERS AT SHALL BE THOUGHT
MEET, BUT NOT REPUGNANT TO THE FUNDAMENTAL LAWS OF OUR NATIVE
Country.”*

Having further ordained that an annual election of Gov-
ernor and councilors should be had by the majority of
voters, they proceeded immediately to elect Edward God-
frey, Governor, and Richard Leader, Nicholas Shapleigh,
Thomas Withers, and Edward Rishworth, Councilors. Mr.
Rishworth was also appointed secretary or recorder. The
administration was continued in the same hands the two
following years, and the proceedings were conformed substan-
tially to the provisions of the charter and the usages already
existing. ‘‘ Determined according to the dictates of wis-
dom and prudence to be obedient subjects to the predomi-
nant powers of the realm, they professedly approved of
their measures, and when they heard that Charles, their
sovereign, was no more, and that the reins of government
were in the hands of the Commons, they readily took direc-
tions from that body.” Dec. 1, 1651, the following peti-
tion was sent by Governor Godfrey, with the concurrence
of his court, to the House of Commons:

“ To the right honorable the Council of State appointed by Parlia-
ment: We esteem it our greatest honor and safety to be under the
present government, established without king or house of lords, and
request the benefit and the common safety and protection of our
nation. We beg leave also to state that divers inhabitants of this
Province, by virtue of sundry patents and otherwise, have for these

twenty years been under the power and guidance of Sir Ferdinando
Gorges, who had these parts assigned to him for a Province. But he

being dead, and his son, by reason of heavy losses sustained, taking

no care of our political welfare, and most of the charter Councillors,
or Commissioners, having died or departed the Province, we were
under the necessity of combining together for the purposes of govern-
ment and self-protection, according to the laws of the realm. It is
our humble prayer, therefore, that our confederate union may be con-
firmed; that we may be declared members of the Commonwealth of
England; that the privileges and immunities of freeborn Englishmen
may be granted and secured to ourselves and our posterity as estab-
lished rights usually enjoyed by other Provincial subjects; and that
the same favors may be bestowed upon us as upon the other Colonies.
“ Per me, EpwArD GopFREY, Gov.,
“in behalf of the General Court.”

 

* Massachusetts Hist. Soc. Coll., vol. i. p. 153.
28 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

Previous to this petition to the House of Commons, Mas-
sachusetts had determined to extend her jurisdiction over
the eastern provinces. To this end, in 1651, at the Octo-
ber session of the General Court, it was directed that ad-
dresses be prepared and transmitted to Edward Godfrey
and his Council, and to the inhabitants at large in the
Province of Maine, acquainting them with the grounds and
reasons of their claim. They also appointed three of their
most distiuguished citizens commissioners, viz., Simon
Bradstreet, a venerable councilor, Daniel Dennison, com-
mander-in-chief of the militia, and William Hawthorne,
Speaker of the House, with instructions to repair to the
province and admit the inhabitants, by their consent, into
the jurisdiction of Massachusetts. Should they meet with
opposition, they were directed to protest against all pretended
combinations, governments, or exercises of authority therein,
and in general to proceed according to the dictates of their
discretion.* The commissioners made their appointed visit,
but returned without success. The General Court, now
fully determined to pursue her claim, ordered a survey made
of the boundaries of the Massachusetts charter, which was
accordingly done, and the report made, showing that Maine
as far east as Clapboard Island, near the mouth of the Pre-
sumpscot River, was included in the charter of that colony.

These movements met with decided opposition from Gov-
ernor Godfrey, who addressed a letter to the General Court,
stating his surprise and resentment at their conduct:

“An attempt to hold the Province of Maine under your charter,”
said he, “or by any legal title, without the pretense either of pur-
chase, prior possession, or anterior claim, and also without the peo-
ple’s consent, is the height of injustice. Far different treatment have
you received from your eastern neighbors. Yes, when that charter
of yours was heretofore threatened with a quo warranto, at the Coun-
cil Board in England, and your agents were struck with the muteness
of statues, it was I who answered the objections and obviated the
cavils. Hitherto you have declarcd yourselves satisfied with your own
possessions, as bounded on a line parallel with the Merrimack, three
miles distant from its source, and its northerly bank, following its
meanders to its mouth; whereas you are now bursting your bounds, and
stretching your claims across provinces to which, till lately, no man,
however visionary, so much as imagined you had any right. Your
commissioners, it is true, have communed with us plausibly about
equal privileges; yet such is the charity you have heretofore mani-
fested towards our religion and other interests, that we trust you will
excuse us if we are the more wary of your proposals and promises.”

This spicy letter called forth a reply from the General
Court, signed by Edward Rawson, their secretary, of the
following tenor :

“ Worshipful Sir,—Our patent, by Divine Providence, continues to
be firmly established, under the great seal. It is true, it was de-
manded, yet never prosecuted to final judgment; and the Common-
wealth of England has, by express recognition since, given it fresh
and full validity. Though the ‘Grand Patent of Plymouth’ has been
dissolved, ours, sanctioned by a Royal Charter, has successfully en-
countered every attack. Nor do we now claim an acre beyond its
true limits; and had you attentively examined its articles, you must
be satisfied with the correctness of our coustruction. For several
years the extent of our jurisdictional rights were not fully understood ;
and so long as doubts remained,—so long as the people of Maine were
contented with the regular charter government established among
them and a friendly intercourse between them and us was continued
uninterrupted,—we were disposed to forbear, though we have never
abandoned the pursuit of our utmost claim and right.

“In your resistance, probably a majority of the provincial inhab-

 

* 2 Mass. Records, p. 84.

 

itants are your opponents; for they are greatly desirous of being
united with us, and they richly deserve our protection and assistance.
Most heartily we thank you for your service rendered us before the
Lords Commissioners of Plantations; but nevertheless, we are bound
to inform you that the inhabitants and lands over which you claim to
exercise authority are within the jurisdiction of Massachusetts, and
that we demand our rights, assuring you at the same time that you
all shall share equal acts of favor and justice with ourselves, should
a coalescence be amicably formed. If, however, neither rights nor
reasons will induce you to hearken, we shall continually protest against
all further proceedings of yours, under any pretended patent or com-
bination whatever. And, finally, that our conduct and record in this
affair may be such as will be promotive of God’s glory, and the peace
of yourselves and us, are the aim and prayer of your cordial friends.
“Epwarp Rawson, Secretary.”

GOVERNOR GODFREY’S SECOND LETTER.

“S1r,—Our rights are equally invaluable as yours. Though you
may boast of being owned by the Commons in Parliament, and ex-
pect to dwell in safety under the covert of their wings, we also are
under the same protective power, and are resolved to continue in the

_ possession and exercise of our privileges till that venerable body

shall otherwise order. The dissolution of the Grand Patent had no
more effect upon ours than upon yours. Indeed you have, in various
ways, for more than twenty years acknowledged the authority of our
patent, and we marvel greatly at your movements and discontent,
more especially since we have given you no occasion; and since it
has been solemnly settled long ago that your patent should begin on
the sea-shore, three miles northwardly of the Merrimack. If, accord-
ing to your intimations, there be a party of malcontents among us, I
am acquainted with two or three only of that character, and these
are such as have fallen under the penalties of the law. Yet, were
they tenfold that number, it were neither honorable nor just to pro-
ceed against us on such grounds. No! nor yet for the uncertain and
unknown favors which you proffer ought we to barter away our
rights and dear-bought liberties? It would be treason! To talk
gravely of artists to settle your latitude, to run your lines and survey
your limits, in these parts, is preposterous. We, ourselves, know
something of geography and cosmography, and our exclusive aim is
the good and peace of the country.
“EDWARD GODFREY, Governor.”

Upon the receipt of the above letter three commissioners
were sent from Boston to hold a conference with the authori-
ties of Maine. By appointment, they met Governor God-
frey and his Council at Kittery Point on the 11th of July,
1652, where, after a spirited controversy, they were unable
to come to any terms of reconciliation. The commissioners,
finding their adversaries inexorable, publicly proclaimed to
the people of Maine the right of Massachusetts to govern
them as her colonists. They protested against the exist-
ing government as having no binding authority, and virtu-
ally absolved the provincials from all allegiance to Godfrey
and his associates. This was followed by another, on the
part of Godfrey and his Council, remonstrating and com-
plaining bitterly that, after having lived twenty years in
contentment, and expended thirty-five thousand pounds
in money, and endured innumerable hardships for the
sake of rational and civil liberty, they must now submit to
the dictation and control of others, against the principles of
right and justice and against their own consent.

But all this availed nothing. Oct. 23, 1652, the General
Court of Massachusetts issued the following commission :

“To our trusty and well-beloved friends, Mr. Simon Bradstreet, Mr.
Samuel Simonds, Major Daniel Dennison, Capt. William Haw-
thorne, Capt. Thomas Wiggin, and Mr. Bryan Pendleton :

“Whereas, you are chosen Commissioners by this to settle the civil
government among the inhabitants of Kittery, the Isle of Shoals, and
so to the most northerly extent of our patent:
JURISDICTION OF MASSACHUSETTS. 29

 

“You, or any three or more of you, are hereby authorized and re-
quired, with all suitable dispatch, to repair to those parts and summon
together the inhabitants, in places which you shall judge most con-
venient, and declare unto them our just right and jurisdiction over
those tracts of land where they inhabit, requiring their subjection,
and granting them equal protection and privileges with ourselves,

“We further give to any three or more of you full power and
authority to summon and hold courts there, for hearing and deter-
mining all causes, civil and criminal, according to the statute regu-
lations and usages of our County Courts; to appoint commissioners,
constables, and such other officers as you shall judge needful for pre-
serving the peace and establishing order and a civil administration of
justice ; to invest the commissioners with such powers as a major part
of you shall judge meet, and administer to them and the other officers
the proper oaths ; to confirm and settle all lawful properties ; to grant
the people protection, and the privileges enjoyed by other inhabitants
within our jurisdiction, and otherwise to act in the premises as this
Court shall give you further orders; doing whatever in your wisdom
and discretion will be most conducive to the glory of God, the peace
and welfare of the inhabitants, and the maintenance of our own just
rights and interests.

“ And we do hereby command all magistrates, commissioners, cap-
tains, and other officers, civil and military, within the county of Nor-
folk,* and all the inhabitants upon the Isles of Shoals, and those
beyond the river Piscataqua, within the limits of our patent, to be
aiding and assisting these our commissioners as they shall have cause
to crave or require. In confirmation of all which, we have caused the
seal of our colony to be hereunto ‘affixed, this 23d day of October,
1652."

Six of these commissioners, viz., Messrs. Bradstreet and
Simonds, of Boston; Wiggin, of New Hampshire; and
Pendleton, of Maine, undertook the duties assigned them.
They opened a court at Kittery, November 15th, and sent
out under their hand a summons to the inhabitants, requiring
them in the name of Massachusetts to assemble at the house
of William Everett, between the hours of seven and eight
o'clock the next morning, for the purpose of having an ad-
ministration of justice established among them. Most of
the townsmen attended, and the conference continued four
days. The inhabitants at length proposed to subscribe to
the article of submission, provided certain conditions pre-
pared and submitted by them could be the terms of union.
The court refused, saying they must first submit, then they
could have a guarantee of their rights and privileges All
further debate being useless, on the 20th of November
forty-one subscribed to the following article :

“We, whose names are underwritten, do hereby acknowledge our-

selves subject to the government of Massachusetts Bay in New Eng-
land.”

The names of those in Kittery who subscribed were the
the following, in alphabetical order : John Andrews, Philip
Babb, Mary Baylie, John Bursley, Humphrey Chadbourne,
William Chadbourne, Abraham Culney, Daniel Davis, John
Diamond, Dennis Downing, Thomas Durston, Jamés Emerie,
Anthony Emerie (Emery), William Everett, Nicholas Frost,
Charles Frost, John Green, Hugh Gunnison, John Hoord,
Reynold Jenkins, Thomas Jones, George Leader, Na-
thaniel Lord, Antepas Hannericke, Robert Mendam, Joseph
Mill, Hughbert Mattome, Richard Nason, William Pal-
mer, Daniel Paul, Christian Renich, Nicholas Shapleigh,{
Jemima Shores, Thomas Spencer, Thomas Spinney, Jona-

 

* New Hampshire was then Norfolk County.

{ 2 Massachusetts Records, p. 128.

{ Former members of Godfrey’s Council. The names above in-
cluded most of the heads of families in Kittery.

 

than Simonds, Richard Thomas, Robert Weymouth, John
White, Gowen Wilson, John Wincoln, Thomas Withers.t

In the proceedings of the commissioners at Agamenticus
(York), on the 22d of November, a spirited discussion took
place, in which Governor Godfrey was the leader. The
opposition remained inflexible till a formal vote was called,
when it was found that a large majority were in favor of
the articles. The Governor then submitted with the rest.
Their names are as follows, alphabetically arranged: Philip
Adams, Sampson Angier, John Alcoke, Joseph Aleoke,
Samuel Alcoke, Richard Banks, Nicholas Bond, George
Beanton, Arthur Bragdon, Richard Codagon, Thomas
Crockett, Thomas Cartoons, John Davis, Nicholas Davis,
John Davis (2d), William Dickson, Thomas Donnell,
Henry Donnell, Robert Edge, William Ellingham, Andrew
Everett, William Freathie, Hugh Gaile, E>warp Gop-
FREY, William Gomsey, John Gouge,{ John Harker,
Philip Hatch, Robert Hetherse, William Hilton,{ Edward
Johnson,{ Robert Knight, Lewis, William Moore,
Henry Norton, John Parker, George Parker, Abraham
Preble,t Francis Raynes, William Rogers, Edward Rish-
worth,{ Edward Start, Sylvester Stover, Mary Tapp [acts
only], John Tisden, Sr., John Tisden, Jr., Edward Wen-
tome, Thomas Wheelwright,{ Peter Wyer, Roland Young.

 

CHAPTER VII.
JURISDICTION OF MASSACHUSETTS.

Terms of Submission—Organization of Towns—York made the Shire
Town—Court at York—York and Kittery Represented in the
General Court—Submission of Wells, Saco, and Cape Porpoise—
Their Incorporation as Towns—Order to Collect and Preserve all
the Records of Former Administrations.

TE terms upon which the people of Kittery and Aga-
menticus acceded to the submission and formed a coales-
cence with Massachusetts, have been classified and arranged
under the following articles, as ordinances of the commis-
sioners :

1. The Isles of Shoals and all the territory northward of
Piscataqua, belonging to Massachusetts, were erected into a
county by the name of YORKSHIRE. A county court was
established, to be holden alternately in Kittery and Aga-
menticus, at appointed times twice a year, by such magis-
trates or assistants as the General Court might from time to
time designate, assisted by three or five resident associates,
elected for the purpose within the county. The jurisdic-
tion and authority of this court, in matters civil and
criminal, were to be equal with those of the same tribunals
in Massachusetts, and the court was also directed to ap-
point three commissioners in each township to decide petty
causes where there was no resident magistrate.

2. Kittery was recognized as a municipal township, and
the settlements of Agamenticus were made a town by the
name of YorK; and both at the same time received a
guarantee of equal privileges with other towns of Massa-
chusetts, having severally the right and the liberty of elect-
30 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

ing every year to the General Court one or two deputies or
representatives, as the voters might prefer.

3. The inhabitants, having taken the oath of freemen,
were eligible to any place of trust or honor within the gov-
ernment, and invested with full right to vote for Governor,
assistants, and other general officers of the country. They
were also to enjoy equal acts of favor and justice with the
people on the southerly side of the Piscataqua, and no per-
son was ever to be drawn out of this county to any ordinary
or general trainings without his own express consent.

4. Each of the towns and every inhabitant were forever
to possess and enjoy all their just rights of property, titles,
and interests in the lands and houses which they held and
had occupied, whether by grant of the proprietor, the town,
the Indians, or their former General Courts.

5. The boundaries of Kittery, York, and Wells were to
be examined and set out anew within the ensuing year by
their respective townsmen, or by a committee appointed by
the General Court. Until they were so examined and settled
they were to remain as originally granted, or according to
the survey and return of agents theretofore appointed by
Provincial General Court. If, when the lines were run,
they should cross the marshes or lands in Kittery and
York in new places, the ownership of the soil was not to
be thereby affected.

6. To all who were admitted freemen the commissioners
awarded an indemnity, and pronounced all breaches of the
penal laws, and all the acts and exercises of civil govern-
ment by them prior to October, mentioned in the last pro-
test, to be forever exempt from prosecution.

7. To receive the imposts and other moneys due to the
corporations of Kittery and York, and pay what they were
severally owing for public services, supplies, or otherwise,
the commissioners appointed Nicholas Shapleigh collector,
and directed him to make a report of his proceedings to
them within one month. And in case of insufficiency
collected to discharge the people’s engagements, it was to
be supplied by an assessment, or rates, according to the
former custom. The commissioners also appointed Mr.
Shapleigh ‘“ Shire Treasurer,”—an office which was ordered,
subsequently, to be filled from year to year by the County
Court.

8. In organizing an administration of justice, several
men of intelligence and distinction in each town were
appointed town commissioners, who were authorized to
meet in their respective towns between the terms of the
County Court, and, with the associates, hear and determine,
without a jury, all civic causes or personal actions not
exceeding ten pounds. Also, each commissioner or magis-
trate, in his own town, was empowered to sit alone in judg-
ment, and decide upon misdemeanors and petty offenses,
and in pecuniary trials of forty shillings, and at his discre-
tion to bind the offenders to keep the peace, admit them to
bail, or commit them to prison. They were, moreover,
severally invested with authority to solemnize marriages,
and to administer all qualifying oaths, as well to those who
might wish to become freemen as to those elected or
appointed to office.

9. Any two of the commissioners were empowered to
confirm or sanction the choice of all military officers of and

 

under the rank of a captain; to grant licenses to keep
taverns or ordinaries, and for retailing spirituous liquors
and wines; and it was enjoined upon them to provide their
respective towns with “ The Book of the Laws,” and such
other acts as had been passed “since the last book came
forth in print.”

The Massachusetts Commissioners next proceeded to
select and constitute the officers necessary to carry these
regulations into effect. The town commissioners they ap-
pointed in York were Edward Godfrey, Abraham Preble,
Edward Johnson, and Edward Rishworth; in Kittery,
Bryan Pendleton and Thomas Withers,—Hugh Gunnison,
associate.

A county court, formed by a Massachusetts magistrate
and one of the above sets, was to hold a term in their re-
spective towns once a year, having power to try all causes
not capital. Grand and petit or trial juries were also to be
appointed at each term of the court, summoned proportion-
ately from the towns of York and Kittery. Edward Rish-
worth was appointed clerk of the writs and county recorder,
and Henry Norton was chosen marshal. The constables
appointed and sworn were four, viz., Thomas Davison and
Robert Mendam, of Kittery ; Nicholas Davis, of York ; and
Philip Babb, of Hog Island, whose jurisdiction extended
to all the Isles of Shoals except Star Island. The keep-
ers of ordinaries licensed were John Davis, of York, and
Hugh Gunnison, of Kittery. The latter was required to
pay a license of “ 20s. the butt” on liquor dispensed to his
customers.

The General Court held at Boston in May, 1653, ad-
mitted for the first time two representatives from Maine ;
they were John Wincoln, of Kittery, and Edward Rish-
worth, of York. At the same session five town commis-
sioners were appointed, upon the Isle of Shoals, to deter-
mine small causes of £10, and in other respects to act as
magistrates. Also the chief military officer there was di-
rected to take command of the militia upon all the islands.

The first county court under Massachusetts was held at
York on the 30th of June, 1653. The record is as fol-
lows:

“The Court holden this 30th of June, 1653, at York, in the County
of York, by the Right Worshipful Richard Bellingham,* Esq., Capt.
Thomas Wiggin, Magistrates ; Edward Godfrey, Capt. Nicholas Shap-
leigh, Edward Rishworth (Recorder), Associates for the present year
for the said county.”

Among other acts at this session the court commanded
the inhabitants of Kittery and York severally to elect three

| associates to assist at future sessions of the court, accord-

ing to established law, instead of the local or special com-
missioners mentioned.

When the business of the court was finished, the board
of legislative commissioners, Messrs. Bellingham, Dennison,
Wiggin, Rawson, and Pendleton, repaired to Wells, and
immediately summoned the inhabitants of that town, Saco,
and Cape Porpoise to convene at the house of Joseph Emer-
son, July 4th, for the purpose of being admitted freemen
of the colony. On the day appointed six in Wells took
the oath, and on the day following twenty others, the
names being as follows: Samuel Austin, John J. Barrett,

 

* Mr. Bellingham was lieutenant-governor of Massachusetts.
JURISDICTION OF MASSACHUSETTS. 31

 

John Barrett, Henry Boad, Joseph Bowles, John Buck,
Nicholas Cole, William Cole, Joseph Emerson, John Gooch,
William Homans, Ezekiel Knight, Arthur Littlefield,
Francis Littlefield, Thomas Littlefield, Edmund Littlefield,
Francis Littlefield, Jr., Thomas Millot, John Smith, John
Saunders, John Thing, John Wadly (Wadleigh ?), Robert
Wadly, John Wakefield, John White, William Wardell,
and Arthur Warmstall. Richard Ball, Edmund Clark,
John Elson, and Richard Moore were admitted afterwards.

The next town called was Saco. More than common
interest was felt in her decision, as she was the most con-
siderable plantation within the Lygonia patent, and had
been the seat of the governments now to be superseded by
the authority and jurisdiction of Massachusetts. She had,
however, had enough experience in a state of civil affairs
which had degenerated into revolution and anarchy, and
which offered no promise of anything better in the future.
Her people were therefore ready for the change, and on
the first call sixteen subscribed to the submission and took
the oath. Their names are as follows: George Barlow,
Robert Boothe, Richard Cowman, James Gibbins, Thomas
Hale, Peter Hill, Philip Hinkson, Richard Hitchcock,
Christopher Hobbs, Thomas Reading, Thomas Rovers,
William Seadlock, Ralph Tristram, Henry Waddock, John
West, and Thomas Williams. To this list John Smith,
one of the original patentees of Lygonia, caused his name
to be added by proxy.*

At the same session in Wells twelve from Cape Porpoise
appeared before the commissioners, and by subscribing a
submission and taking the oath, as others had done, all
became freemen of Massachusetts. The names of the sub-
scribers are John Barker, Stephen Batons, Andrew Bussey,
John Cole, Gregory Hoskeries, Morgan Howell, George
Jeffreys, Griffin Montague, William Reynolds, Christopher
Squirrell, Simon Teoft, Peter Tenbatt, and Thomas Warner.

The commissioners at this time erected the plantations of
Wells, Saco, and Cape Porpoise into towns, and consti-
tuted them municipal portions of Yorkshire. They were
made eligible to all the rights and privileges of the other
towns, with the exception of sending representatives to the
General Court.

Henry Boade, Thomas Wheelwright, and Ezekiel Knight
were appointed town commissioners for Wells; and these,
with John Wardly and John Gooch, were designated select-
men. Joseph Bowles was appointed clerk of the writs,
and Jonathan Thing constable.

The town commissioners of Saco were Thomas Williams,
Robert Boothe, and John West, who were also the select-
men. William Scadlock was clerk of the writs, and Ralph
Tristram constable. Griffin Montague was constable for
Cape Porpoise.

The Massachusetts commissioners, as a board, possessed
sovereign power and authority, and yet it must be admitted
that they exercised it without abuse. In a liberal and gen-
erous spirit they expressly stipulated that the inhabitants
of all the towns of Maine should be forever exempt from
public or colony taxes, being obliged to defray only their
own charges, including those of their courts, and to dis-

 

%* 1 Williamson, p. 350.
t 2 Mass. Rec., p. 190; Williamson, p. 351.

 

charge their own debts. Their acts and measures extended
to matters prudential, judiciary, executive, and ecclesias-
tical. In some of these they descended to minute local
affairs. For instance: the inhabitants of Wells, Saco, and
Cape Porpoise were required within one year to lay out and
make a road from town to town, sufficient for footmen and
horses, and to clear and fit for carts the highways from
house to house, within their respective towns, otherwise
their delinquency would incur a fine of ten pounds. They
licensed ‘“‘ Robert Boothe, a pious layman,” to hold religious
services in Saco till some “ provision should be made by law
for supplying this and other destitute places with accredited
ministers.” They silenced George Barlow, an erratic and
visionary declaimer, of Saco, who had been complained of
to them as a disturber of the peace; commanding him
never more to “ preach or prophesy” in this place, assuring
him that his disobedience would expose him to pay a fine
of ten pounds and cost.{ In the case of John Baker, of
Cape Porpoise, excommunicated for “ uttering opprobrious
speeches against ministers of the gospel,” pretending to
have “ a spirit of prophecy,” and other things charged against
him, the Board heard the evidence, put the said Baker
under a recognizance of twenty pounds to appear and answer
at the next County Court in Yorkshire, to be of good be-
havior in the mean time, and never more preach publicly in
any part of the colony. These acts were acknowledged as
favors, for Maine at that time was cursed with irresponsible,
self-constituted pretenders to the ministry, and many com-
munities “‘ were disquieted by new-fangled doctrines, or rent
in pieces by turbulent, self-willed, noisy disputants, or dis-
orderly communicants.” Three persons classed in this
category, viz., Henry Boade, Edmund Littlefield, and Wil-
liam Wardwell, had been excommunicated from the church
in Wells; the commissioners heard the facts in the case
and sanctioned the excommunication, admonishing them to
desist from all acts of obstinacy and disturbance, and pursue
a Christian course of conduct, lest they, who had professed
themselves to be the disciples of peace, should at last be
the subjects of penal severity.§

Apprehensive of meeting with difficulties in their attempts
to execute their commission further eastward, the board
closed their official services with the following Protest, which
the marshal of the county publicly proclaimed :

“Whereas, we have declared the right of the Massachusetts gov-
ernment to the towns of Wells, Saco, and Cape Porpoise; and the in-
habitants thereof, being summoned, did appear before us at Wells, on
the 5th of July, 1653, and acknowledge themselves subject thereto,
and took the oath of freemen and fidelity to that colony ; and the un-
dersigned, her commissioners, have appointed and settled a govern-
ment over them: ‘

“We do now, therefore, protest against all persons whatever that
shall challenge jurisdiction, or that shall exercise any act of authority
over them, or over any other persons to the northward, inhabiting
within the limits of our patent, which doth extend to the latitude 43°
43' 7" northwardly, but what shall be derived from us as Commission-
ers or from the General Court of Massachusetts.

“ Given under our hands at Wells, in the county of York, July 6,

1653.
“RIcHARD BEELINGHAM,

“ DANIEL DENNISON,
“THomMAS WIGGIN.
“Epwarp Rawsoy.
“Bryan PENDLETON.”

 

{ 2 Mass. Ree., p. 190. ¢ Ihid., p. 187.
32 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

The change already effected was followed by a legislative
order to collect all the remaining records of different admin-
istrations in Maine into one office, appointed to be kept by
the County Recorder. In pursuance of this order the col-
lection of judicial, legislative, and executive proceedings,
including many curious laws and ordinances, and not a few
cases which shed a quaint and even ludicrous light upon
the customs and manners of the early times, has been
wonderfully preserved through subsequent wars and numer-
ous other perils, and are now to be seen in the offices of
the clerk of the courts and register of deeds in the county
of York. This collection is invaluable to the historian:
from it we have made many quotations in the foregoing
chapter, and we shall make others equally interesting as we
proceed.

The whole number of men in the five towns who at first
signed the act of submission was about one hundred and
fifty ; others took the oath afterwards. The public mind
became very much tranquillized; still there was a large
and formidable minority, and in its ranks were several men
of the largest wealth and influence in the eastern planta-
tions. One of these was George Cleaves, of Casco, late
deputy president of Lygonia ; another was John Bonython,
of Saco, a turbulent and lawless man, who had been con-
demned by the court as an outlaw; a third was Henry
Jocelyn, of Black Point (Scarborough), formerly one of
Gorges’ Council; and a fourth was Robert Jordan, of
Spurwink (Cape Elizabeth), an Episcopal clergyman of
learning, and the proprietor of a large estate. There were
many other malcontents, though of less boldness, activity,
and influence.

Cleaves was in England when the first measures of the
General Court towards subjecting Maine were undertaken.
The court sent him a conciliatory and respectful letter,
stating anew to him the grounds of the claim, the gener-
ous course pursued, and the voluntary submission of five
towns, assuring him of their determination to prosecute and
maintain the rights of their patent still further eastward ;
and that, if the obstinacy of opposers could not be abated
by reason, justice, and liberal treatment, they must expect
rigor. After repeated and exhaustive efforts on the part
of the General Court for a period of about three years,
during which every reasonable inducement, urged to gain
the consent of the people of Lygonia, was met by stubborn
opposition on the part of Cleaves, Jocelyn, Jordan, and
their associates, the government of Massachusetts resolved
to enforce her claim by stronger measures.

The militia was considered at this early day the safe-
guard of the public; and the General Court caused military
companies to be formed in Kittery, York, Wells, and Cape
Porpoise, erected the whole into a regiment, and appointed
Nicholas Shapleigh sergeant-major and commandant. He
was also required to meet with the company officers for
improvement in military tactics, and to see that the soldiers
were well armed, equipped, and disciplined. This was in
1656. In August of this year seventy of the inhabitants
of Saco, Cape Porpoise, Wells, York, and Kittery addressed
a petition to Cromwell, Lord Protector of England, stating
that they were “a people few in number, not competent to
manage weighty affairs,” and praying to be continued under

 

the government of Massachusetts. The malcontents in
Lygonia had previously addressed a letter to Cromwell
complaining of Massachusetts, whom they charged with
“usurpation and avarice,” to counteract which she had
furnished Mr. John Leverett, her minister at London, with
facts and instructions which insured the continued good
graces of the Lord Protector.

In 1657 the inhabitants within the patent eastward of
Saco were summoned to appear before the County Court at
the June term in Yorkshire, for the purpose of taking the
oath of allegiance. They paid no regard to the summons.
They were then commanded to answer for their default
before the General Court in October, to which they replied
through Cleaves, protesting against the legality of the legis-
lative authority, and declaring their firm intention to main-
tain their independence. The court met this threat in a spirit
of conciliation and reason, assuring them that nothing but
equal justice and the good of all concerned were intended.
This mildness and forbearance had the effect of disarming
in a great measure their resentment, and prepared the way
for an amicable arrangement which was soon entered into
for the establishment of the contemplated union. Mean-
time, Jordan, Jocelyn, and Bonython, on account of their
violent opposition, had been arrested by order of the Gen-
eral Court and taken before that body, where, for the sake
of regaining their liberty and avoiding fines, they thought
it most prudent to subscribe to a humble submission, and,
after taking the oath of allegiance, were discharged.*

The commissioners appointed by the General Court to
take the submission of Lygonia were Samuel Simonds,
Thomas Wiggin, Nicholas Shapleigh, and Edward Rish-
worth. With instructions to admit the remaining eastern
inhabitants of the patent, settle a government among them,
and give them a guarantee of equal rights enjoyed by other
freemen of the colony, they repaired to the house of Robert
Jordan, at Spurwink, where, on the 13th of July, 1658, a
conference was held, and after mutual agreement upon terms
of union, thirty-three of the inhabitants subscribed to the
freeman’s oath.

Thus was the jurisdiction of Massachusetts extended over
all the territory embraced within her charter. The rights
and privileges granted to the eastern section were the same
as those which had already been conferred upon the western.
The article granting religious toleration was not only a just
but a wise concession to a people differing generally in re-
ligious belief from the Puritan faith prevailing and estab-
lished by law in Massachusetts and in the other colonies in
alliance with her. Although the original province of Maine
could not be admitted into the union of colonies on account
of a difference of religious faith, it was deemed wise by
Massachusetts to waive that condition for the purpose of ex-
tending her dominion over the same province a few years
later, and guarantee that difference of religion shall work
no forfeiture or abridgment of civil rights. The fifth article
of the compact is—

“That none of the privileges hereby granted and secured shall ever
be forfeited *by reason of any difference in matters of religion, nor be
affected otherwise than by known and established ordinances and pe-
nal laws formally enacted by the General Court.”

* Sullivan, p. 371; 1 Williamson, p. 391.
REVIVAL OF THE GORGES CLAIM. 33

 

By the action of the commissioners Scarborough and Fal-
mouth were erected into towns, and there was now a chain
of incorporated municipalities—seven in number—extend-
ing along the entire sea-coast from the Piscataqua to the
Presumpscot.

To 1659, Falmouth and Scarborough, unitedly, elected
Edward Rishworth, of York, their first representative to
the General Court. Saco was admitted to the privilege
about the same time, and elected Robert Boothe.

The delegation from Yorkshire now consisted of five
members, and might be ten if the towns sent all they were
entitled to. The assistants designated this year to preside
in the County Court of Yorkshire were Thomas Danforth
and Thomas Wiggin; and the people of Maine, in their
connection with Massachusetts, enjoyed peace and pros-
perity several years. In the County Court held at Scar-
borough in September, 1659, Henry Jocelyn, Nicholas
Shapleigh, Robert Jordan, Edward Rishworth, and Abra-
ham Preble were associates. It had been so arranged that
one term should be held annually in the western, and one

in the eastern part of Yorkshire.
¢

CHAPTER VIIL
REVIVAL OF THE GORGES CLAIM.

Restoration of Charles 1I.—Effect on the Royalists—The Gorges
Claim revived by Ferdinando, Grandson of the Lord Proprietor—
Conflict with Massachusetts—The King and Council decide in
Gorges’ Favor—Letter from King Charles—Arrival of the King’s
Commissioners—Collision between the Two Sets of Justices at York.

On the restoration of Charles II. to the throne of Eng-
land, in 1660, the heirs of Rigby, and of Gorges, renewed
their respective claims to the provinces of Maine and Ly-
gonia. Edward Rigby, the son of Sir Alexander, was the
lawful heir of the latter province, but having neither influ-
ence with Cromwell, on account of his adherence to the
Episcopal Church, nor with the newly-restored king, on
account of his Republicanism, he had failed to prosecute
his claim. His rights, once established, might, under more
favorable circumstances, have been recovered, but all at-
tempts made by his agents to derive some advantage from
the patent proved fruitless.

Not so with Ferdinando Gorges, the grandson of the
Lord Proprietor of Maine. From the well-known devotion
of his family and himself to the royal cause, and the poli-
tics of the new ministry, he might make large calculations
upon court favor. Nor was he without able assistants to
advocate his cause, and mould public sentiment in his favor
in Maine. The former adherents of his grandfather were
still alive, and powerful, and it was not without a struggle,
and a humiliation which they keenly felt, that they had
submitted to the authority of Massachusetts. No wonder
that now, when they had an opportunity, they should seek
to be avenged. Edward Godfrey, although he had sub-
mitted, and borne office under Massachusetts, ewed that
colony a grudge for deposing him from the governorship,
which he was ready, at the first opportune moment, to pay.
Hence, at the first movement of Gorges, in England, to

5

 

recover his province, Godfrey became his agent, and in-
defatigable attorney before the king and court, having
repaired to Enyland for that purpose, where he was zeal-
ously assisted by Mason, one of the heirs to the province
of New Hampshire. They had succeeded so far as to
bring their claims before the king and council, and before
Parliament, and to secure the appointment of a legislative
committee of seven, to whom the matter was referred for
investigation.

Aware of these proceedings, the General Court, in De-
cember, 1660, presented addresses, both to the king and
Parliament, which produced a favorable impression, although
no answer was received for more than a year. In the mean
time the committee appointed by Parliament on the Gorges
and Mason claims reported in favor of the rights of the
heirs, and that Massachusetts had usurped authority over
the province, to the great damage of the rightful owners.
They also included Godfrey in the claim for damages, say-
ing, “Mason and Godfrey have themselves been damnified
at least £5000, with what pretence of right your committee
have been unable to ascertain.” Nevertheless, the General
Court received a gracious answer from Charles, in return
for which they proceeded, on the 7th of August, 1662,
with suitable pomp and ceremony, to proclaim him king,
and, according to his requirements, sent to England two
ministers, or agents,—Mr. Simon Bradstreet and Mr. John
Norton. These men, though well received, returned the
next summer, bringing with them the Act of Uniformity,
by which about two thousand dissenting ministers were
removed from their livings, and the king’s letter, by which
the charter of Massachusetts was fully confirmed.

Symptoms of revolution in Maine were now everywhere
apparent. Although the towns might send ten representa-
tives to the General Court, not one this spring was returned.
Great disaffection existed towards Massachusetts. Gorges
contemplated assuming the reins of government, and, it
is said, gave commissions to several officers, while he united
with others in urging the king to commission and send over
a governor-general of New England, including New York.
To counteract these movements the General Court displaced
Maj. Nicholas Shapleigh and appointed William Phillips,
of Saco, major-commandant of the provincial militia ; and,
before the usual time for holding the County Court in York-
shire, directed Richard Waldron, of Dover, N. H., to pre-
side and discharge the ordinary business of the term. The
General Court, furthermore, sent a precept to the people of
Maine, which was promulgated through the recorder and
constables to all the towns, as follows :

“To the Inhabitante of Yorkshire.

‘You and every of you are hereby required in his Majesty’s name
to yield faithful and true obedience to the government of this juris-
diction, established amongst you, according to your covenant articles,
until his Majesty’s pleasure be further known.”’*

In 1663 the excitement had, considerably abated, and
three representatives were returned to the General Court,
viz., Roger Plaisted for Kittery, Edward Rishworth for
York, and George Cleaves for Falmouth and Scarborough.

The assistants, Thomas Danforth, William Hawthorne,

 

 

* 3 Mass. Rec., p. 53.
34 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

and Eleazer Lusher, who were appointed to hold the York-
shire court this year, were instructed to confirm any officer,
civil or military, whom they could approve, and to punish
every one pretending to possess or to exercise adverse civil
authority, unless he could show it derived immediately from
the king. At this court many were fined for acts of oppo-
sition to Massachusetts; the town of Scarborough was also
fined, as a municipal corporation, for acts of disobedience.
James Wiggin was indicted for swearing, with a profane
oath, “that if his trencher of fish was poison he would
give it to the Bay magistrates,” and was sentenced to pay
a fine and give bonds for his good behavior. When ar-
raigned, he said he was a marshal under Gorges, and the
court had no right to try him. William Hilton, of Cape
Porpoise, was found guilty of “ tearing a seal from the war-
rant issued for choosing a deputy to the General Court, and
for contempt of authority,’ was fined. Robert Boothe,
of Saco, was presented by the grand jury for saying of the
Bay magistrates, “They are a company of hypocritical
rogues; they fear neither God nor the king.” Among
others censured and fined for this class of offenses were
Francis Champernoon, Robert Jordan, Major Shapleigh,
and Francis Small, all men of wealth, enterprise, and stand-
ing in the province. Asa sort of counterpoise to this se-
verity the General Court this year confirmed to their tenants
nearly all the lands in Falmouth, and allowed purchases to
be made of the Indians. Nicholas Shapleigh and Francis
Small, about this time, purchased of the Indians an ex-
tensive tract between the Ossipee Rivers, which has ever
since been holden under their deeds.

On the 11th of January, 1664, Ferdinando Gorges ob-
tained from the king an order to the Governor and Council
of Massachusetts, by which they were required forthwith
to restore to him his province, and give him quiet posses-
sion of it, or else without delay assign their reasons for
withholding it.

On the 15th of April, 1664, the king appointed a board
of Royal Commissioners, consisting of Col. Richard Nichols,
Sir Robert Carr, Mr. George Cartwright, and Mr. Samuel
Maverick, to settle affairs in the colonies generally. The
plan contemplated taking New York from the Dutch and
conferring it upon James, the Duke of York and Albany,
which was successfully done, giving to that province the
name of New York, in honor of the Duke; settling the
affairs of the Duke’s province at Sagadahock ; taking away
the charter of Massachusetts; restoring Maine to Gorges;
and establishing over the whole territory, from the Hudson
to the Penobscot, a vice-regal government under a governor-
general appointed by the king. Having settled the govern-
ment of New York, the commissioners proceeded to Boston
in February, where they were received with undisguised jeal-
ousy, and soon encountered direct opposition. The people
of Massachusetts determined “to adhere to their patent, so
dearly obtained and so long enjoyed.” After a long and
stormy debate with the authorities at Boston, the commis-
sioners left in June for New Hampshire, Maine, and Saga-
dahock, ‘“ denouncing upon the colonists and government of
Massachusetts the doom due to rebels and traitors.”

With the commissioners came one John Archdale, an
agent of Gorges, bringing orders relative to the province of

 

Maine. He gave commissions to Henry Jocelyn, of Scar-
borough, Robert Jordan, of Spurwink, Edward Rishworth,
of York, and Francis Neale, of Falmouth, who took upon
themselves to rule; but their regency was cut short by
the entrance of the king’s commissioners into the province.
Charles having resolved to put Gorges in possession of
Maine, addressed to the provincials a letter dated the
11th of June, 1664, which was probably communicated
through his commissioners. As this is probably the only
letter which the people of this portion of Maine ever re-
ceived from the hand of royalty, we give it entire :

“To our trusty and well-beloved subjects and inhabitants in the Prov-
ince of Maine, and all whom it may concern. We greet you well.

‘“ As we are informed, Sir Ferdinando Gorges, the grandfather of
the present proprietor, and a generous promoter of foreign planta-
tions, obtained a royal charter of Maine, and expended in settling it
more than £20,000, and yet was wholly prevented from reaping the
fruits of his expenditures and labors by the unhappy civil wars,
wherein he, though advanced in age, bravely engaged in his master’s
service. In the meantime, his opponents, intoxicated with success,
as we understand, and deaf to the voice of justice, have given coun-
tenance to measures by which the provincials have been brought within
the jurisdiction of Massachusetts Bay, and the proprietary deprived
of all the issues and profits of his property, though according to the
decision of our ‘Counsel learned in the law,’ his right to the charter is
fully established ; the Province was in possession of the original pro-
prietor and under hia government several years ; the large sums men-
tioned had been by him expended in settling and managing it; he has
in the late civil wars been plundered and imprisoned several times ; and
being exhausted by losses and ill-treated by the pretended ‘ Committees
of foreign plantations,’ he and his agents in those times of trouble had
left the inhabitants to the temporary government of their own choice.
Since the restoration, he, by his commissioners, has endeavored to re-
possess himself of his Province, and two years since proclaimed his
Majesty king, established courts, and gave to many the oaths of al-
legiance; but the government of Massachusetts prohibited all further
proceedings of those commissioners till they had orders from the su-
preme authority of the kingdom. We have therefore taken the whole
matter into our princely consideration, and have thought fit to signify
our pleasure in behalf of Ferdinando Gorges, the present proprietor,
and do require you to make restitution of the Province to him or his
commissioners, and deliver to him peaceable possession thereof, or
otherwise without delay show us reasons to the contrary. And so we
bid you farewell.”*

The General Court decided that the “distracted condi-
tion of the people in Yorkshire” required rather their pro-
tection and assistance than the withdrawal of their juris-
diction, and that the government of their choice should not
be hastily vacated. They spoke with an authoritativeness
not to be mistaken :

“A County Court will be holden at York in the present as in previ-
ous years. All civil officers will continue to exercise and perform
their duties, and the inhabitants will show as formerly due obedience
to the colony administration. If Edward Rishworth neglect his duty
as County Recorder, Peter Wyer will take his place, and to him the
present incumbent will deliver the books and papers. Since there is
no resident magistrate in that County, Ezekiel Knight, of Wells, will
act as such in every particular, till the further orders of the Legisla-
ture. Messrs. Simonds and Danforth will hold the usual term of the
Courts in York the current year, and all transgressors of the law, if
any, will have its penalties measured to them with all retributive
justice.”

By the middle of June this year (1665) the king’s com-
missioners had arrived in Kittery. They seemed equally
to oppose the governments of Gorges and of Massachusetts,

 

* Hutchinson’s Coll., pp. 385-388.
REVIVAL OF THE GORGES CLAIM. 35

 

 

aud exhibited a petition for signatures addressed to the
king, praying for a new colony charter. They found sev-
eral people who were dupes enough to sign their petition.
They passed several days at York, undertaking to establish

a superstructure of civil government. At length they issued
their proclamation, thus:

“ By the King’s Commissioners for settling the affairs of New Eng-
land:

“We having seen the several charters granted to Sir Ferdinando
Gorges and the Corporation of Massachusetts Bay, and duly weighed
the matter in controversy, do now receive all his Majesty’s good sub-
jects living within the Province of Maine under his immediate pro-
tection and government. We also appoint and constitute Francis
Champernoon and Robert Cutts, of Kittery; Edward Rishworth and
Edward Johnson, of York; Samuel Wheelwright, of Wells; Francis
Hooke and William Phillips, of Saco; George Mountjoy, of Casco;
Henry Jocelyn, of Black Point; Robert Jordan, of Richmond’s
Island; and John Wincoln, of Newichawannock, Justices of the Peace,
and constitute them a Court to hear and determine all causes, civil and
criminal, and to order all the affairs of the said Province for the peace
and defense thereof; proceeding in all cases according to the laws of
England as near as may be till the appointment of another govern-
ment by the Crown.

“In his Majesty’s name we require all the inhabitants of the said
province to yield obediences to the said Justices, and forbid as well
the Commissioners of Mr. Gorges as the Corporation of Massachu-
setts Bay to molest any of the inhabitants of this Province till his
Majesty’s pleasure be known.

“Given under our hands and seals at York, within the said Pro-
vince, the 23d of June, 1665.

“ Ropert Carr.
“GEORGE CARTWRIGAT.
“Samver Maverick.”

The commissioners, after establishing a similar form of
government in the Duke of York’s province, returned and
held courts in Casco in October, and Saco in November,
1665. This latter court must have had considerable busi-
ness, such as it was, judging from the following report of
its doings, taken from the York Records, Book B:

“Court at Saco, 1665, Nov’r. Edward Rishworth is Plant. In an
action of the case for not paiment of a Debt due to him out of Mr.
Green, his Estate, deceased, contra Jere. Sheers adminisr. of the said
Green.

“The Court finds a non suit against the plant. and gives the de-
fendant his charge, 18s. Because he is not capable to be sued within
one year, and one day after Letters of admn. taken.

““We present Joane Forde, the wife of Stephen Forde, for calling
the constable Hornheaded Rogue and Cowhead Rogue. Joane Forde
punished for this offence by nine Stripes given her at the post ata
Court holden at York, Decemr., 1665.

“We present Joseph Winnock, of Black Point, for abusing Mr.

Francis Hooke, Just. Peace, by saying that he was no more Drunk

than Mr. Hooke, and called the said Hooke Mowne Calfe.

“Joseph Winnock fined for offence Forty shillings.

“We present Joane Forde, the wife of Stephen Forde, of the Isle of
Shoales, for reviling and abusing the Neighbours by very evil speeches.
Jane Forde for abusing the Constable and other Her Neighbours, is
appointed to have Ten lashes at the post, which was by John Parker,
in presence of the Court, accordingly executed.

“In his majestys behalf we Indite Rich’d White, of York, for
swearing and calling his wife whore.

“ Richard White fined for swearing 2s. 6d., and for abusing his wife
20s.; the fine of 20s. for abusing his wife, upon her Request and his
promise of amendment, is remitted, and he paying 5s., for the officers
fees, is discharged.

“In his majestys Behalf We Indite Richard White, of York, for
Abusing Thomas Bragdon, one of the grand Jury, by saying that the
said Bragdon was not fitt to be a grand Juryman, and that he would
complain upon him to-morrow and have him put out of his place, for

he was a Knave.

 

“Richard White fined for his offence 20s., and paying five shillings
for the officers fees, is acquitted.”

Of this provincial government York was made the chief
seat. To that place the commissioners repaired after hold-
ing court at Saco, and prolonged their stay for a consider-
able time. The General Court, to oppose them in the
exercise of authority, sent Messrs.- Danforth, Lusher, and
Leverett to hold a term of court in Yorkshire in October.
But they were stopped at Piscataqua, October 10th, by a
sharp letter sent to them by Col. Carr, who ordered them
to desist from their purpose and proceed no farther. They
therefore returned to Boston. On the arrival of the Com-
missioners there soon after, they were charged by the Gen-
eral Court with being disturbers of the public peace, and were
requested to meet a committee for the purpose of a confer-
“ No, not a word need pass,” replied Carr; ‘ but
remember, the king's pardon of the late rebellion is. Con-
ditional, and the authors of the opposition among you must
expect the punishment awarded to the rebels in England ;
and you well know their fate.” Here all intercourse with
them terminated.

The commissioners were soon recalled to England, and
the affairs of Maine, left in the hands of the justices ap-
pointed, many of whom were unpopular, soon degenerated
into lamentable confusion. For three years no representa-
tive from the province appeared in the General Court. In
1668 that body appointed Maj.-Gen. John Leverett, Mr.
Edward Tyng, Capt. Richard Waldron, and Capt. Richard
Pike commissioners to hold a court at York, appoint civil
and military officers, and take all necessary measures to re-
establish civil government over the people. This effort on
the part of Massachusetts was met by strong remonstrance
on the part of Governor Nichols, of New York, who wrote
a threatening letter, charging Massachusetts with a breach of
good faith in again interfering in the affairs of Maine, so
long as the king had not declared what was his further
pleasure respecting that province. ‘“ Iam,” said he, ‘‘ not
a little surprised to find that you are preparing to usurp
again the government of Maine; at a time, too, when the
rights of ownership, which have been submitted to the
king by different claimants, are still awaiting his royal de-
termination.” The authorities of Massachusetts were not
affected by the letter of Governor Nichols. The commis-
sioners (excepting Mr. Pike), accompanied by a military
escort, arrived at York on the 6th of July, intending the next
day to proceed with their court. They appointed Peter
Wyer (Weare) clerk, and finding Nathaniel Masterson im-
prisoned by the dominant party, they appointed another
marshal pro tempore, whose duties, however, were soon sus-
pended by the incumbent’s release. Without much ceremony
or formality they were presently met at their lodgings by
Henry Jocelyn and the other justices appointed by the
King’s commissioners, when they all agreed to a free con-
ference the next morning. At the hour appointed the
parties met, and the commissioners in justification of their
proceedings said,—

ence.

“His Majesty directed Massachusetts either to resign the province
to Mr. Gorges, or assign to him our objections; and it is well known
we have chosen the latter alternative. The cause is still under his
consideration; and when have we been required by our common sov-
36 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

ereign to surrender the administration of justice to your commis-
sioners?””

The commissioners then repaired to the meeting-house
and opened court. Between the hours of adjournment and
the re-assembling in the afternoon, the opposition justices
took possession of the meeting-house, with a considerable
force which they had summoned, and sent a crier about
town to warn the people that his majesty’s justices were in
session. Qn repairing to the meeting-house the commis-
sioners found it full of people, and upon the marshal order-
ing them to give place a scene of tumult ensued; several
rose from their seats and began to speak. The commis-
sioners commanded silence, and ordered the marshal to clear
the house. As the justices were leaving their places, Mr.
Jocelyn, one of them, prudently advised his partisans near
him to retire. As soon as the excitement was allayed and
the assembly had dispersed, the commissioners and justices
held a conference, at which the former, by request, read the
king’s letter of the 10th of April, and the latter also read
their commissions. After the reading of these papers, and
an expression of determination on the part of the commis-
sioners to go forward with the duty they had undertaken,
the justices retired, and the commissioners proceeded with
their court.

Itappeared from the canvass of votes that five towns out
of the seven had made returns. Five associates were de-
clared elected, viz.: Bryan Pendleton, of Saco; Francis
Raynes, of York; Francis Neale, of Falmouth; Ezekiel
Knight, of Wells; and Roger Plaisted, of Kittery.

The military of Yorkshire were formed into six compan-
ies, duly officered, and united into a regiment. Bryan
Pendleton, of Saco, was made major by brevet, and com-
manded the battalion at Black Point.

In Kittery, Charles Frost was Captain ; Roger Plaisted,
Lieutenant; and John Gattery, Ensign. In York, Job
Aleock, Lieutenant; and Arthur Bragdon, Ensign. In
Wells, Jobn Littlefield, Lieutenant; and Francis Little-
field, Jr., Ensign. In Scarborough, Andrew Alger, Lieu-
tenant. In Falmouth, George Ingersol, Lieutenant.

In the General Court held in Boston in May, 1669, there
were three representatives from Yorkshire, viz.: Charles
Frost, from Kittery ; Peter Wyer (Weare), from York ; and
Richaré Colicott, from Falmouth and Scarborough.

In 1670 the interior regulations of Yorkshire were com-
pleted. Thomas Danforth, an experienced assistant of ten
years, was designated to preside in the County Court; and
Elias Stilman, of Great Island; John and Richard Cutts,
of Kittery; and three or four others in different towns
were appointed commissioners as usual, invested with the
authority of magistrates, to try small causes, solemnize
marriages, administer oaths, and take the acknowledgment
of deeds. The Legislature now solemnly enacted that the
several towns and inhabitants should be secure in the enjoy-
ment of the same civil and political privileges which were
granted to them when they were first brought under the
charter.

 

CHAPTER IX.
INDIANS OF YORK COUNTY.

Distinct Tribes—Two Languages Spoken—Indians East and West of
the Saco River—Passaconaway—Remarkable Prediction of Rowles
—Wonnolancet—Blind Will—A benaques—Sokokis—Ktechemins—
—Squando—Form of Government among the Indian Tribes.

Tue Indians within the territory of this county were
originally of two distinct races or families, separated from
each other by a radical difference of language. The divi-
sional line was somewhere between the Saco and the Aga-
menticus Rivers. Those on the Saco, and eastward as far
as Passamaquoddy, spoke one language, or a language so
nearly the same that the different tribes could easily under-
stand one another; while those at Agamenticus, Piscat-
aqua, and Newichawannock, spoke the Janguage of the
Abergenians, or Northern Indians. It was observed by
Mr. Goodkin, who was superintendent of Indian affairs, in
1656, that the Piscataqua Indians could not pronounce the L
and the R; as for instance, the word dobster they called nob-
sten, whereas the tribes to the eastward sounded these let-
ters easily. There was another fact having a very significant
bearing on this question. A copy of Mr. Hliot’s Indian
Bible, printed in 1664, was obtained by Rev. Daniel Little,
missionary to the Indians of Penobscot and St. John, since
the Revolution, which he carried with him; but he said
not one word of their language could be found init. On
the other hand, in a vocabulary compiled by Mr. Cutter,
keeper of a trading-house upon the Saco River, Mr. Little
discovered a great similarity of language with that spoken
farther eastward.

There were in New Hampshire, and the western part of
Maine, four tribes of the Abergenians, existing in a sort
of political alliance or confederacy, the most powerful of
which were the Pentuckets and Pennacooks, of whom the
former, in 1630, were the more numerous people.- At
Squampscot, now Exeter, there dwelt a chief who was the
head of a small inland tribe in that vicinity. Another, or
fourth tribe, inhabited the banks and branches of the Pis-
cataqua, including the Indian settlement at Cocheco, now
Dover. These were commonly called the Newichawan-
nocks, although Goodkin calls them the Piscataquas,—of
whom Rowles, otherwise named Knolles, was for many
years the sagamore. All of them were under political
subordination to the celebrated Passaconaway, chief of the
Pennacooks, whom they acknowledged to possess a rightful
and paramount superiority.*

The dwelling-place of Rowles was on the northerly side
of the Piscataqua, not far from Quampagan Falls, in Ber-
wick, formerly Kittery. He was a sagamore of some ce-
lebrity. In 1643 he conveyed lands in his Vicinity to
Humphrey Chadbourne, and afterwards to Spencer, the
former being the oldest Indian decd in the records of
Maine. It is certain that all the Indians upon the river
to its mouth were his subjects,+ though he was under
Passaconaway, his superior lord.

The depredations frequently committed by the TZarra-

 

* Hubbard’s New England, p. 32; Mass. Hist. Coll., p. 142; Bel-
knap’s New Hampshire, p. 289.

Tt 1 Morse’s Geography, p. 310, ed. 1812; Sullivan, p. 143.

ann ~*
INDIANS OF YORK COUNTY. 37

 

 

tines upon the people of these tribes induced the saga-
mores to encourage English settlements among them, in
expectation of their assistance against. the enemy. It is
stated by Belknap that the four chieftains, May 17, 1629,
joined in a quit-claim to John Wheelwright and his asso-
ciates of all the country between the Piscataqua and the
Merrimac, below Quampeagan and Amoskeag Falls. The
veracity of this transaction has been doubted, but it is cer-
tain that the natives lived for many years on terms of
friendly intercourse with the settlers. In the first Indian
war the sagamores of these tribes resolved to be neutral ;
but their conduct was evidently controlled by fear more
than by friendship, and, above either, by a presentiment
that all quarrels with the English would be ruinous to the
Indians.

Passaconaway possessed talents and sagacity, which gave
him most exalted rank and influence among his country-
men. He was a prophet, or powwow, as well as a civil ruler,
and by that claim to the supernatural which has always
exerted a potent spell over the savage mind, he swayed and
controlled them at his pleasure. He made them believe he
could give nature's freshness to the ashes of a burnt leaf,
raise a living serpent from the skin of a dead one, and
transform himself into a flame. Becoming old, he made a
great feast in 1660, to which he invited his tribes, call-
ing them his children. He spoke to them as a dying
man to dying men, in words which seem almost prophetic.
“ Hearken,” said he, “ to the last words of your father and
friend. The white men are sons of the morning. The
Great Spirit is their father. His sun shines bright above
them. Sure as you light the fires, the breath of heaven
will turn the flames upon you and destroy you. Listen to
my advice. It is the last I shall be allowed to give you.
Remember it and live.”

Similar presages affected the mind of Rowles. About
1670, when bedridden of age and sickness, he complained
of the great neglect with which the English had treated
him. At length he sent a message to some of the prin-
cipal men of Kittery, now Berwick, to visit him. ‘ Being
loaded with years,” said he, “ I had expected a visit in my
infirmities, especially from those who are now tenants on
the lands of my fathers. Though all of these plantations
are of right my children’s, I am forced in this age of evils
humbly to request a few acres of land to be marked out for
them and recorded, as a public act, in the town-books, so
that when I am gone they may not be perishing beggars in
the pleasant places of their birth; for I know a great war
will shortly break out between the white men and the In-
dians over the whole country. At first the Indians will kill
many and prevail, but after three years they will be great
sufferers and finally be rooted out and utterly destroyed.””*

Wonnolancet, the son of Passaconaway, and Blind Will,
the successor of Rowles, heeded the premonitory counsel
of the chiefs with sacred respect, and perpetuated peace and
amity with the whites. A few facts must here be related
of Blind Will, who was a brave ally of the whites in King
Philip's war, and was afterwards slain through a mistake

* The facts of this prediction, attested by Maj. Waldron, Capt.
Frost, and Joshua Moody, are published in the Supplement to King

Philip’s War, p. 82.

 

by a company of Mohawks, who had come down the coun-
try at the request of Maj. Waldron.

It must be borne in mind that the Mohawks and their
associates of the Five Nations, otherwise called the confed-
eracy of the Jroquots, inhabiting New York from the Hud-
son to Lake Hrie, were at this time the most powerful
confederation of Indians on the continent, and a terror to all
the tribes of New England as far east as the Kennebec River.
They had carried their conquests into Canada, subjugating
the once powerful nation of the Hurons, and hung like a
scythe of death upon the borders of New France, and at its
very heart and citadel, which they repeatedly besieged.
They had conquered and placed under tribute the tribes on
Long Island and on the Connecticut, had subdued the Eries
and Neutral Nation in Western New York, driven the
Adirondacs from their mountain fastnesses across the St.
Lawrence, conquered the Andastes of the Susquehanna,
the Delawares on the bay and river of that name, and had
carried their victorious arms into the valleys of the Ohio
and the Mississippi. Smith, in his “ History of New York,”
says that all the surrounding tribes had been conquered by
them, and acknowledged their subjection by paying them
tribute.

The Mohawks, the most eastern of the Five Nations,
were the neighbors of the New England Indians on the
west, and their friendship for the English and great repu-
tation as fighting men induced Maj. Waldron to invoke
their powerful aid against the Turratines of the Penobscot,
who were pushing their depredations as far west as New
Hampshire. Accordingly, in 1677, two messengers—Majs.
Pinchon and Richards—were sent to the country of the Mo-
hawks to secure their assistance. They were kindly re-
ceived, and secured the promise of aid. About the middle
of March some parties of them came down the country,
and the first alarm was given at Amoskeag Falls, where the
son of Wonnolancet, being out hunting, discovered fifteen
Indians on the other side, who called to him in a language
which he did not understand, upon which he fled, and they
fired several shots at him without effect. Presently they
were discovered in a woods near Cocheco. Maj. Waldron
sent out eight of his Indians, whereof Blind Will was one,
to make further discoveries. They were all surprised to-
gether by a company of Mohawks ; two or three escaped,
the others being killed or taken prisoners. Will was
dragged away by his hair, and, being wounded, perished
in the woods on a neck of land formed by the confluence
of the Cocheco and Isinglass Rivers, which still bears the
name of Blind Will’s Neck.t This was evidently a mis-
take on the part of the Mohawks, supposing that the friendly
Indians sent out by Maj. Waldron, merely for the purpose
of inspection, were a band of the enemy.

The Indians of the Saco and eastward, except the Mick-
macks, of Nova Scotia, were undoubtedly all of one race
or tribe,—the Abenaques, or Men of the East, and the Ete-
chemins, or Kastland People. Williamson says,—

“They were all without doubt descendants of the same original
stock, and for an unknown period after the discovery of America the

tribes were probably members of the same political family, differing
little in language, looks, habits, or ideas of confederate union.”

 

} 1 Belknap’s Hist. N. H., p. 128.
38 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

It would appear from the testimony of Captain Francis,
of the Penobscot tribe, who is admitted to have been excel-
lent authority on the subject, that the migration of the
tribes was eastward from the Saco River, where the oldest
of them had their ancient seat. He assured Mr. William-
son that all the tribes between the Saco and the St. John,
both inclusive, were brothers; that the oldest lived on the
Saco; that each tribe was younger as we pass eastward,
like the sons of the same father; though the one at Pas-
samaquoddy was the youngest of all, proceeding from those
upon the rivers St. John and Penobscot.

“ Always,” he says, “I could understand these brothers well when
they speak, but when the Mickmacke, or the “Algonquins, or Canada
Indians speak, I cannot tell all what they say.” *

The Abenagues were divided into four tribes, viz., the
Sokokis, or Sacoes, sometimes called Svckhigones, who
lived on the Saco River; the Anasagunticooks, who held
dominion upon the Androscoggin; the Canibas, or Kenabes,
who had their villages upon the Kennebec; and the Wawe-
nocks, who inhabited the country eastward of the Kenne-
bec, to and including the St. George’s River.

The Sokokis, or Saco Indians, were a numerous people
till the first Indian war. The immediate residence of their
sagamores was upon Indian Island, just above the lower
falls. Two of them, Flucllen and Captain Sunday, con-
veyed lands, but when their successor, Squando, died, the
glory seemed to depart from the tribe, and it gradually
wasted away. In 1615 there were two branches of the
tribe, and two principal villages; one was within the great
bend of the river at Pequawket, or Fryeburg, the other
fifteen or twenty miles below on the banks of the Great
Ossipee. Here, before King Philip’s war, they employed
English engineers and carpenters and built a strong fort of
timber, fourteen feet in height, with flankers, intending it
as a protection against the Mohawks.t

No people ever defended their native country with more
valor and obstinacy than did the Sokokis theirs, especially
in Lovell’s war. A number of them, relinquishing the
French interest in 1744 for the ranks of the English, at
the siege of Louisbourg distinguished themselves among
the bravest soldiers. Afterwards they could muster only
about a dozen fighting men, and before the capture of Que-
bec the tribe had become extinct.

The Anasagunticooks, or Amurascogins, as they are
called by Mather, Hubbard, and others, were originally a
numerous and powerful tribe, inhabiting the country upon
the waters of the Androscoggin, from its source to Merry-
meeting Bay, and on the west side of the Kennebec to the
sea. At Pejepscot, or Brunswick Falls, they had their
usual encampments, or place of resort. This was one of
the great trails or passes between the eastern and western
tribes, where the savages met in council to plan expeditions
against the English.t

The Anasagunticooks were a warlike people. A short
distance above the Great Falls they had a fort, which was
destroyed by the English in 1690. “No tribe,” says Wil-
liamson, “ was less interfered with in their fishing and fowl-

 

%* Drake’s Book of the Indians, iii. p. 173.
f La Houtan; Gorges, p. 85; Hubbard’s Indian Wars, p. 389.
} Sullivan, p, 178.

 

ing, and yet none were more uniformly and bitterly hostile
towards the colonists.” There were two reasons for this:
the first was that the early European explorers, particularly
the Portuguese and the English, had been treacherous
towards them, decoying them into their vessels and kidnap-
ping their chiefs, and taking them away to foreign countries
to dispose of them for slaves;§ and, in the second place,
they were under the influence of the French, who taught
them to hate and distrust the English. The venal and
mercenary character of some of the early traders also de-
stroyed their confidence, and they wreaked their first re-
venge upon those of that class nearest tothem. Tarumkin,
Warumbo, and Hogkins, their sagamores, were brave men,
but their tribe wasted away during the wars, and in 1744
they were able to muster only sixty fighting men. Wa-
rumbo and five other sagamores sold the lands between
Sagadahock and Maquoit to the sea, and the islands, July
7, 1683.]||

These Indians were the earliest whom the French drew
off to the St. Francois settlements in Canada. When the
Revolution commenced there were only about forty of the
tribe, who made the shores, the ponds, and the islands of
the Androscoggin their principal home. Philip Will, who
afterwards became a chief of this tribe, was in the siege of
Louishourg at the age of fourteen, and was taken prisoner
by the French. Remaining with the remnant of his tribe,
he was brought up in the family of Mr Crocker, where he
was taught to read and write the English language, and
arithmetic. He was six feet three inches in height and
well proportioned. The tribe made him chief, and for
many years he was instrumental in preventing their utter
extinction.J

The Pejepscot Indians were in all probability a sub-tribe
of the Anasagunticooks. They had customary places of
resort, if not permanent places of residence,—at Brunswick
Falls, at Magquoit, and at Mare Point. It is now consid-
ered probable, from the remains and relics found there, that
the latter was the place of one of their villages in the six-
teenth century. :

The plague which broke out among them about the year
1616 so reduced them that they numbered only fifteen hun-
dred warriors. They were still further reduced in numbers
by war and other causes, so that there were, according to
one authority, Nov. 25, 1726, only five Indians in the tribe
over sixteen years of age. John Hegon was their sachem
at this time. Twenty-five years later there were one hun-
dred and sixty warriors in the tribe. This was a large in-
crease in number, yet it shows how weak the tribe had
become.

The settlement of the region occupied by this tribe, sub-
sequent to the time of King Philip's war, presents continual
scenes of carnage and destruction, midnight massacres and

 

 

2 Casper Cortereal, the Portuguese navigator, in 1500, enticed fifty-
seven of the natives (men and boys) on board his ship, and luring
them below deck, closed the hatchways upon them, and carried them
off to sell them as slaves in Spain. Weymouth, the captain of the
“ Archangel,” in 1605, kidnapped in asimilar manner five natives, all
men of rank, and took them to England. One of them, Squantum,
after his return, was the first Indian who visited the Pilgrims on their
arrival at Plymouth.—See Life of Miles Standish.

|| Kennebec Claims, p. 7. Hutchinson, p. 266.
INDIANS OF YORK COUNTY. 39

 

conflagrations, until the tribe itself became extinct. The
language of the Abenague nation has been carefully studied
by many competent students, but the difficulties in the way
of thoroughly understanding the different dialects are so
great that much uncertainty still exists, both as to the cor-
rect pronunciation and derivation, and also as to the mean-
ing of very many of the names formerly applied to locali-
ties.

The Canibas had their residence on the Kennebec River,
where, Hubbard says, ‘‘ were great numbers of them when
the river was first discovered.” The tribe consisted of two
or three branches: for while Monquine, Kennebis, Abbaga-
dusett, between 1648 and 1655, in the capacity of chief
sagamores, conveyed to the English all the lands (ten miles
in width) on each side of the river from Swan Island to
Wessarunsett River, Elderumken, another sagamore, made
conveyances on Stevens and Muddy Rivers in 1670, and
Essemenosque certified, in 1653, that the region of Tecon-
net belonged ‘to him and the wife of Watchogo. The
principal residence of the Kennebis, the head chief, and of
his predecessors of the same rank and title, was on Swan
Island in a most delightful situation, and that of Abbaga-
dusett between a river of his name and the Kennebec on
the northern borders of Merrymeeting Bay. The terri-
tories which the tribe claimed extended from the sources
of the Kennebec to: Merrymeeting Bay, and included the
islands on the eastern side of the Sagadahock to the sea.

While Jeffreys, Charlevoix, La Houtan, and others, call
this tribe the Canibas, the name of Norridgewocks is given
them by Mather, Douglass, and most modern English
writers, evidently from the name of their famous village.
This was the residence of the French missionaries, who
early taught the tribe the forms of worship and doctrines
of the Roman Catholic religion. The derivation of the
name Norridgewock has been given as follows : “ Norridge”
(falls) and “ wock” (smooth water), v.e., little falls and in-
tervals of smooth water above and below.* This old village
of the Indians was a very pleasant site opposite the mouth
of Sandy River. It was the general and almost the only
resort of the tribe immediately after their ranks became
thinned, and a spot consecrated to them by every sacred
and endearing association.

The Wawenocks inhabited the country east of the Kenne-
bec, to and including the St. George’s River. Capt. Smith,
while in the harbor of the latter river in 1608, was urged
by the natives to pay court to the great Bashaba, the ruling
prince or superior chief. The early colonists, also, at the
mouth of the Kennebec, were urged by the natives to pay
their respects to this great chief. Moxus, Wegunganet,
Wivourna, and succeeding sagamores, sold lands to the
English at Woolwich, Damariscotta, and other places in that
quarter.

The habitation of the Bashaba was near Pemaquid. But
subsequently to his death the principal headquarters of the
tribe was on the westerly side of the Sheepscot River, near
the lower falls. From this circumstance Hubbard speaks
of them as the “Sheepscot Indians.” Broken and wasted
by the disasters of the great war, in which the Bashaba was

 

Cee eee en en ee

* Capt. Francis, quoted by Williamson, p. 467.

 

slain, they were never afterwards either powerful or numer-
ous. In 1747 there were only two or three families re-
maining, and in a few years after, all of them were induced
by the French to join the St. Frangois settlement in Canada.
They were a brave, active people. Capt. Francis said the
name Wawenocks signified “ very brave, fearing nothing.”
According to Capt. Smith, they were strong, beautiful, and
very witty. The men had a perfect constitution of body,
were of comely proportions, and quite athletic. They would
row their canoes faster, he says, with five paddles than his
own men could their boats with eight oars. They had no
beards, he says, and thought ours counterfeits. Their
women, though of lesser stature, were fleshy and well
formed, all habited in skins like the men. This tribe was
always in alliance with the Canibas, unchanging in peace
and in war, and appear in this character until their last
treaty with the English.

The other divisions of the aboriginal people of Maine—
the Etechemins, inhabiting the eastern portion of the State—
we can only briefly mention. The geographical territory
of the tribes of this division is placed by Hermon Moll,
upon his map of the English Empire in America, along the
banks and at the heads of the rivers Penobscot and St.
John, eastwardly to the Gulf of St. Lawrence, and south-
wardly to the Bay of Fundy. The charter of Nova Scotia,
to Sir William Alexander, 1620, mentions the Bay of Fundy
as dividing “ the Etechemins on the north from the Sourt-
quots, or Mickmacks, on the south.” This great tribe or
nation of Indians was divided into the Tarratines, the
native inhabitants of the Penobscot; the Openagoes, or
Quoddy Indians, who had their residence at the Schoodic
and Passamaquoddy Bay; and the Marechites, who
inhabited the great river St. John, called by them the
Ouygondy.

Of the Turratines, Williamson says,—

“They were a numerous, powerful, and warlike people, more hardy
and brave than their western enemies, whom they often plundered and
killed.”

According to Hubbard and Prince, they kept the saga-
mores between the Piscataqua and the Mystic in perpetual
fear. After the conquest and glory achieved in their bat-
tles with the Bashaba and his allies, they were not, like
their enemies, wasted by disease and famine. They retained
their valor, animated by success and strengthened by an
early use and supply of firearms with which they were
furnished by the French. Less disturbed than the western
tribes in the enjoyment of their possessions, and also more
discreet, they were always reluctant to plunge into hostilities
against the English, and hence were neutral, and were sup-
plied with provisions by Massachusetts during the first
Indian war.

SQUANDO.

This chief, whom Mather calls “a strange enthusiastical
sagamore,” was a sachem of the Sokokis or Saco tribe.
Hubbard says he was “the chief actor, or rather the be-
ginner,” of the eastern war of 1675. The provocation
which excited him to hostility—the upsetting of a canoe
in which were his wife and child by some sailors on the

 

+ Massachusetts Records, pp. 50-66.
40 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

Saco River, to see if young Indian children could swim
naturally like wild animals, which Squando resented as a
great indignity, and to which he attributed the death of
the child soon after—is related in the history of the war,
farther on. But probably that was only the occasion, not
the cause, of his ill-will, for he claimed to have a special
revelation that the Great Spirit had left the English people
to be destroyed by the Indians. Squando possessed great
strength of mind, and was very grave in his manner and
impressive in his address. In the spiritual devotions of
the Indians he was a leader and an enthusiast, claiming to
have direct intercourse with the spirits of the invisible
world, who imparted to him a knowledge of future events.
“An angel of light,” said he, “has commanded me to
worship the Great Spirit, and to forbear hunting and labor-
ing on the Sabbath.”

The Indians were not without a form of government,
which had great similarity among all the eastern tribes.
The chief aboriginal monarch of the east was entitled the
Bashaba. His residence was with the -Wawanock tribe.
This ruler is frequently spoken of by the earliest navigators,
but the line seems to have been terminated by his overthrow
as early as 1616.*

At the head of every tribe was a sagamoret or chief
magistrate, whose councilors, or wise men, were denomi-
nated sachems, in modern time captains.
directed war and peace.

In council they
The government was patriarchal.
The sagamore possessing superiority of rank and power
always presided when present, and next to him was a
sachem of secondary grade and influence. On great occa-
sions all the principal men of the tribe were assembled and
consulted, much as the people in a democratic form of gov-
ernment among white men are called upon to vote on
questions intimately affecting the interest of the whole
community. Their assemblies, from which females were
usually excluded, were conducted with the utmost order
and decorum ; the old men spoke first, and were especially
venerated by the younger members for their wisdom and
experience.

The office of sagamore continued during life. When a
sagamore died the tribe preferred to have his son or some
near relative succeed him; but the choice was always by a
popular election, and party spirit and rancor often ran high
in these contests, as in the political campaigns of more
civilized communities.

There being such a similarity between the political sys-
tems of the Etechemins and their English neighbors, it
has been easy for them to borrow the very names of the
latter for their officers of state, such as governor, lieuten-
ant-governor, captain, etc., names which, in modern times,
they have generally adopted. The three Etechemin tribes
had, from time immemorial, chosen their sagamores and
sachems by a general election, and those of each tribe were
inducted into office by delegations chosen from the other
tribes. The ceremonies of induction{ were often very inter-

* “The Saco is the westernmost river of the Bashebez.”—Purchas’
Pilgrims, book 10, chap. 6.

f Sounded by the Indians “ Sunk-a-muh,.”

t See Williamson, vol. i. p. 496, for an account of the induction of
Aitteon, Neptune, and others, of the Penobscots,

 

esting. Of course, their laws were few and simple, con-
sisting of those unwritten maxims handed down from one
generation to another. But simple as they were, they were
often of greater binding force and more generally observed
than the complicated enactments of civilized nations, which
cumber volumes of statute-books.

The character of many of the Indians was noble, es-
pecially when uncontaminated by contact with civilized
men, and their orators have left us examples of eloquence
unsurpassed for native force, strength, and sublimity.
When the passions engendered by strife with them shall
have died away, the American people will look upon them
with a more just appreciation of their character, and study
their history with greater interest.

CHAPTER X.
THE FIRST INDIAN WAR.

Cause of Hostilities—Attack on the House of Thomas Purchase—
Murder of the Wakely Family—Massacre at Dunstan—Attack on
Maj. Phillips’ Garrison—Bloody Tragedy at Salmon Falls—Murder
of Roger Plaisted and his Son—Attack on Falmouth—Capture of
the Fort at Black Point—Daring assault on Wells—Death of Mugg.

At the breaking out of King Philip's war the Gen-
eral Court, apprehensive of Indian troubles in the eastern
settlements, appointed Capts. Patteshall, Lake, and Wiswell
a committee to superintend military affairs at Sagadahock.
They were instructed to furnish themselves with all neces-
sary munitions of war for the common defense, and to sell
neither gun, knife, powder, nor lead to any Indian except
those well known to be friendly to the English. The In-
dians were the most numerous in this portion of Maine and
were supposed to be the most dangerous. Although at this
time England and France were in close alliance, the Indians
had obtained of the French traders in Canada and on the
Penobscot a supply of arms and ammunition, and had gener-
ally become well acquainted with their use. Of all the
gifts of the European to the savage, this instrument, the
gun, which enabled him so surely and readily to take the
game upon which his subsistence depended, was the most
highly prized.

This fact is alluded to because in its light will be more
readily seen the ill-advised attempt of the committee to dis-
arm the Indians in order to prevent them from destroying
the white settlements. It is said that when the news of
Philip’s war reached York, on the 11th of July, 1675,
Henry Sayward, of that place, dispatched a messenger to
Sagadahock, with a letter to the committee, in which he
mentioned the expedient of taking from the Indians along
the coast their firearms and ammunition. The committee, at
all events, acted upon the plan, and through a Mr. Walker, a
trader at Sheepscot, many of the Indians in that vicinity
were induced to give up their guns and knives. A band
of some twelve others was soon brought in from the Ken-
nebec, who did likewise. On this latter occasion a serious
quarrel occurred between an Indian and a white man named
Mallet, the Indian only being prevented from taking Mal-
THE FIRST INDIAN WAR. 41

 

 

let’s life by being arrested and confined in a cellar. He,
however, made confession, gave hostages fur his good be-
havior, and offered a ransom of forty beaver-skins, upon
which he was released and set at liberty.

Although Capt. Lake made every effort to conciliate the
Indians, and Robinhood made a great feast to celebrate the
‘‘ peace” with song and dance, yet the Indians were dissat-
isfied, and complained that their arms were taken from them
to prevent their huuting game, in consequence of which they
suffered greatly, and many had been reduced nearly to star-
vation. They also, at a later stage, charged the English
with the systematic attempt to disarm them, so that they
might destroy them and take their lands. This charge was
not well founded, but the measures adopted afforded a pre-
text to the Indians generally to engage in the destruction
of the white settlements.

There were other causes. Squando, the far-famed saga-
more of Saco, had long cherished a bitter antipathy towards
the English, and his resentment had recently been provoked
by an affront which he could not overlook. As his squaw
was passing along the Saco River in a canoe, with her infant
child, she was accosted by several rude sailors, who, having
heard that the Indian children could swim as naturally as
the young of the lower animals, approached her, and, in a
fit of inconsiderate humor, overset the canoe to try the cx-
periment. The child sank, and though the mother, diving,
brought it up alive, it soon after died ; and the parents im-
puted its death to the ill treatment received. So highly
did this exasperate Squando that he resolved to use all his
arts and influence to arouse and inflame the Indians against
the settlers.

Many of the early traders also overreached and deceived
the Indians, and thus brought upon themselves their merited
vengeance. Such was Walter Bagnall, whom the Indians
killed on Richmond’s Island in 1631; and such was Thomas
Purchase, who had lived near Brunswick Falls for thirty or
forty years, and had acquired a large fortune by the spoils
of Indian trade.

Though he had courted their friendship, and in 1639
had put himself and his possessions under the protection of
Massachusetts, he was the earliest eastern sufferer in the
war. What would have been his fate personally had he not
been absent when the Indians visited and devastated his
plantation, on the 5th of September, 1675, is unknown ;
but probably his life would not have been spared. As it
was, the savages spared his wife; contented themselves with
securing what plunder they could; killing a calf and some
sheep near the door; rifling his store of liquors, and making
themselves merry with the booty. In the midst of this
scene a son of Purchase, suddenly returning home, on horse-
back, was an eye-witness of the mischief. But he was
powerless to prevent it, and his own life being in danger,
he fled, pursued by a sturdy and swift-footed Indian, with
a gun concealed under his blanket. Being on horseback,
however, he made good his escape.

On the 12th of September an Indian party made a
descent on the Wakely family, living remote from neigh-
bors at the Presumpscot River, in Falmouth. The family
consisted of nine persons, at the head of whom was Thomas
Wakely, an old man, Thomas Wakely himself was killed,

6

 

his wife, his son John and wife, and three of their chil-
dren ; two were taken captives, and the house reduced to
ashes. ‘ The flames and smoke brought to the place Lieut.
George Ingersoll, and a military party from Falmouth Neck,
too late, however, to do more than see the ruins and relics
of this ill-fated family. The body of the aged man the
fire had half consumed. The only remains of his wife and
son were their bones burnt to a cinder. His daughter-in-
law, near confinement, was pierced and mangled in a man-
ner too horrid to be described; and three of her children,
whose brains had been beaten out, were partly hidden under
some oaken planks. The ‘other, if surviving and made a
captive, probably soon sank into the arms of death through
fatigue and want, nothing afterwards being heard of the
little sufferer.” Elizabeth, the youngest daughter of Mr.
Wakely, about eleven years old, was carried into captivity,
where she remained nine months, when she was restored
to Maj. Waldron, at Dover, through the agency, it is said,
of Squando.

After this a son of Lieut. Ingersoll was killed, and his
house and those of his neighbors burnt.

The marauding bands of savages at this time seemed to
be seeking the more remote and exposed settlements. On
the 20th of September a company entered Scarborough,
and killed several at Blue Point, a woman and six children
being among the sufferers. They next visited Dunstan, at
a considerable distance from the sea-coast, where the Algers
had settled in 1650, having purchased one thousand acres
of land from the Indians. On the 12th of October, An-
drew Alger was killed, and his brother Arthur mortally
wounded. A deposition in the old York records says,—

“Their families and their children and their families were driven
off, their houses and barns burnt, their cattle killed, and the chief of
all they had was destroyed.”

The main settlement at Saco was at this time at Winter
Harbor. But mills had been erected at the Lower Falls,
surrounded by a few dwellings and tenant-houses. On the
eastern side of the river, half a mile below the falls, stood
the house of John Bonython, which in anticipation of In-
dian troubles had been fortified. A stronger garrison house,
that of Maj. William Phillips, stood on the opposite side,
near where the present bridge crosses the river. Bonython
had been informed by a friendly Indian that a party from
the hostile tribes had been at his wigwam trying to excite
the Sokokis to lift the hatchet against the white settlers,
and that they had passed on to the eastward, whence they
expected soon to return with a larger force. This warning
induced the settlers, to the number of about fifty persons,
to take refuge in the garrison-house of Maj. Phillips. They
had not been long within its walls, when they saw Bonython’s
house in flames. Maj. Phillips, on looking out of his
chamber window, was wounded in the shoulder by a shot
from an Indian concealed near the building. He stepped
back from the window, to avoid being the mark for a second
shot, when the Indians, supposing he had fallen dead, rallied
with a shout from their ambush to attack the fort. At that
instant they were fired upon from the house and flankers
of the garrison in such a manner as to wound several of
them, and deal a shot to their leader of which he died soon

after. The Indians, however, rallied, and besieged the
42 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

house till near morning, when, discouraged in their attempts
to take it by assault, they constructed an engine of combus-
tible material on a cart, which they thought to push near
enough to the garrison to set fire to it. But in this scheme
they were thwarted by an accident; one wheel of the vehicle
being obstructed by a gutter, over which they were attempt-
ing to push it, caused the engine to swing round towards
the right flanker, exposing the whole party to a fatal fire,
which was quickly improved. Six Indians fell and expired,
fifteen were wounded, and the remainder, discouraged and
mortified at their repulse, withdrew from the scene of action.

Maj. Phillips, finding his ammunition and supplies ex-
hausted, and being unable to obtain succor, removed with
the other settlers to Winter Harbor. His house was left
unoccupied, and was soon after burnt by the Indians. They
destroyed all the houses about Winter Harbor, and carried
captive Mrs. Hitchcock, who never returned, It was re-
ported that she died from eating some poisonous roots which
she took to be ground-nuts.

About this time the Indians killed five travelers, whom
they overtook on the banks of the Saco River.

About the same time Ambrose Boaden was killed, and
Robert Jordan's’ house with its contents was consumed, at
Spurwink.

Hearing of the defenseless condition of Saco, Capt. Win-
coln, of Newichawannock,* and sixteen volunteers, pro-
ceeded to their assistance by water. On landing at Winter
Harbor they were fired upon by several prowling savages,
and two or three of their number killed; the savages gave
the alarm to their confederates, who were still in the vicinity
in large numbers, and Wincoln, on landing with his little
band of brave defenders, was met by one hundred and fifty
Indians, well armed and equipped. Wincoln, overpowered
by superior numbers, retired behind a pile of shingle-bolts,
from which breastwork he contested the ground so vigor-
ously with his adversaries that they were forced to retire
with considerable loss. They, however, retired only to
form an ambush near the place where Wincoln’s boats had
landed, into which his brave little band, joined by nine
others from the town, unconsciously fell, and were shot
down and nearly all killed.

The enemy now marked the settlements above the Pis-
cataqua for destruction, and in marching thither killed
several people in Wells.

About one hundred and fifty rods above the garrison and
mills at Salmon Falls dwelt John Tozier, whose habitation
was on the extreme frontier. He and the men of his
neighborhood were absent with Captain Wincoln. His
family consisted of fifteen persons, all women and children.
Against this defenseless family, Andrew of Saco, and Hope-
hood of Kennebec, two of the boldest warriors of their
tribes, led on the attack. Their approach was first discov-
ered by a young girl of eighteen, who shut the door and
held it fast till it was cut in pieces by their hatchets, and
the family had escaped the back way. Mad and disap-
pointed at finding the house empty, some of the savages
inflicted repeated blows upon the heroic girl, till she was ap-
parently expiring, and the rest, in pursuit of the family,

 

* South Berwick.

 

overlooked two of the children; one, three years old, being
too young to travel, they at once dispatched, and the other
they took and kept with them six months. The young
heroine revived after their departure, and repairing to the
garrison, was healed of her wounds and lived many years.

The incendiary savages the day following set fire to the
house and buildings of Capt. Wincoln, which stood near the
upper mills, and reduced them and their contents to ashes.
One of the barns contained more than a hundred bushels of
corn. The men from the garrison pursued them till night,
firing at them occasional shots, but the darkness put an end
to their pursuit. In the morning the savages appeared on
the western shore, and fired several shots across the river at
the workmen in the mill. At twilight they appeared more
conspicuously, and flung their taunting speeches across the
river, calling the people “ English dogs” and “ cowards.”

Many of the eastern Indians had remained thus far
peaceable. At Sagadahock the Canibus had retired with
their families to the trading-house under charge of Capt.
Silvanus Davis, and were receiving a regular distribution
of supplies. Abraham Shurte, chief magistrate of the plan-
tation, had drawn them into a treaty to live in peace with
the English, aud to prevent, if possible, the Anasagunti-
cooks from committing any more depredations upon the
settlers or the traders. But in the excitement of the times
many acted with great indiscretion, especially the islanders
of Monhegan, who offered a bounty of £5 for every Indian
scalp that should be brought to them.

In October, 1675, the General Court, in order to secure
as far as practicable the co-operation of such Indians as
were disposed to be friendly, ordered moneys to be dis-
tributed out of the public treasury for the relief of those
who would become the subjects and allies of the colony,
and appointed Maj. Richard Waldron, of Dover, and
Capt. Nicholas Shapleigh, of Kittery, to negotiate a treaty
with the friendly tribes upon terms congenial to their
wishes. The court also directed the eastern trading-house
to be discontinued, and made provisions for an expedition
into Maine under Maj. Clarke. A vessel was Jaden
with military stores and provisions, and sent from Boston
with a force of fifty soldiers, commanded by Lieut. Joshua
Scottow. We learn from Scottow’s journal that he arrived
with his soldiers at Black Point about the last of October,
and had command of the garrison there, which was the
headquarters of the “ Maine Guard.” October 31st, Capt.
John Wincoln was sent up to Dunstan with sixty men to
save corn and fight the Indians. November 2d, in the
afternoon, twenty-nine of the inhabitants, while threshing
grain, were nearly surrounded by seventy or eighty Indians.
They were relieved by a force under Sergt. Tappen.

On fast day, 7th of October, a man in Newichawannock
(South Berwick) was shot from his horse and soon died.
Two boys, about a mile off, suffered the same fate, and
were stripped of their clothing ‘and guns. These acts were
but the precursors of a savage onslaught, which indicated
that the whole settlement had been doomed for destruction.
October 16th, a hundred Indians assailed the house of
Richard Tozier, killed him, and carried his son captive.
Lieut. Roger Plaisted, the commander of the garrison, an
officer of true courage and a man of public spirit, having a
THE FIRST INDIAN WAR. | 43

 

partial view of the massacre about one hundred and fifty
rods distant, dispatched nine of his best men to reconnoitre
the enemy, who falling into an ambush, three were shot
down, and the others with difficulty effected their escape.
Plaisted on that day dispatched a letter to Major Waldron
and Lieutenant Coffin, at Dover, saying,—

“The Indians are just now engaging us with at least one hundred
men, and have slain four of our men already—Richard Tozier, James
Barry, Isaac Botts, and Tozier’s son—and burnt Benoni Hodson’s
house. Sirs, if ever you have any love for us and the country, now
show yourselves with men to help us, or else we are all in great danger
to be slain, unless our God wonderfully appears for our deliverance.
They that cannot fight, let them pray.”

While Plaisted was attempting to bring in the bodies of
his slain companions, one hundred and fifty savages, rising
behind a stone wall, poured upon his soldiers a well-directed
volley, and leaping over the wall pursued the assault. The
oxen took fright and ran to the garrison. The engagement
instantly became fierce though unequal. Plaisted and his
men withdrew to a more eligible spot of ground, and being
greatly overmatched by numbers, the most of them with-
drew; but he, disdaining either to fly or to yield, though
urged again and again to surrender, fought with desperate
courage till literally hewed to pieces by the enemy’s hatch-
ets. A fellow-soldier, and Plaisted’s eldest son, unwil-
ling to leave the intrepid man, sought their retreat too late
and were slain. Another son, a few weeks after, died of
his wounds. The father had represented Kittery four years
in the General Court, and was highly respected for his un-
common valor, worth, and piety. He and his sons were
buried on his own land near the battle-ground, in full view
from the highway leading through Berwick, whose lettered
tombstone tells succeeding ages—

“ Near this place lies buried the body of Roger Plaisted, who was

killed by the Indians, Oct. 16, 1675, aged 48 years; also, the body of
hie son, Roger Plaisted, who was killed at the same time.’*

The murder in Wells of Mr. Cross, Mr. Isaac Cousins,
and a hired man of William Symonds, whose house they
laid in ashes, completed the bloody work of the savages for
the year. They had fought for revenge and plunder, and
they were gratified, if not satiated. It was intended to
lead a winter campaign against them in their fastnesses at
Pequawket, Ossipee, and Pejepscot; but the unusual depth
of snow caused the enterprise to be abandoned, and brought
the destitute and suffering Indians to sue for peace. Messrs.
Waldron and Shapleigh entered into a treaty with them ;
and it has been thought that “ the dying embers of war, kept
smothered through seven succeeding months,” might never
have been rekindled had the white people been governed by
maxims of justice and prudence. But during the winter
influences were brought to bear upon Maj. Waldron which
induced him to issue general warrants for the seizure of
every Indian known to be a manslayer, traitor, or con-
spirator. Armed with this authority, the unscrupulous
traders along the coast, for purposes of their own private
gain, went to seizing Indians, irrespective of their character
or complicity with the war, and carrying them off to foreign
countries to sell as slaves. A trader of this sort was warned
away from the shores of Pemaquid by Mr. Shurte, who

entreated him to depart, as the English and the natives in
that vicinity were in a state of profound peace. Yet he
treacherously caught several, and carried them into foreign
countries and sold them into slavery.t Another, by the
name of Laughlin, with one of Maj. Waldron’s warrants,
seized several Mickmacks at Cape Sable for the same das-
tardly purpose. Thus were the Indians, who might have
been friends, made enemies, and the area of their hostility
vastly extended, so that all the eastern tribes to Nova
Scotia and the St. John were ready to raise the hatchet
against the English. Mr. Shurte did everything in his
power to conciliate them, assuring them that, if their friends
were transported, they should be returned to their homes,
and the trangressors arrested and punished.

Through the influence of Capt. Silvanus Davis and
others, he induced the Anasagunticooks and Canibas to
agree to a council with a view of forming with them a
treaty of peace. They met the sagamores in council at
Teconnet, and were kindly and courteously received. The
point which the Indians insisted upon was that they should
be supplied with ammunition, so that they might be able
to pursue their hunting and furnish themselves with sub-
sistence. The English doubted the propriety of this step,
lest they might use the ammunition against the settlers or
furnish it to the western Indians, and a long parley ensued.
Finally, Madockawando said, ‘Do we not meet here on
Where shall we buy powder and shot for
our winter's hunting when we have eaten up all our corn ?
Shall we leave Englishmen and apply to the French? or
let our Indians die? We have waited long to hear you
tell us, and now we want yes or no.” :

equal ground ?

“You may,” said the agents, “have ammunition for
necessary use; but you say yourselves there are many
western Indians who do not choose peace. Should you let
them have the powder we sell you, what do we better than
cut our own throats? This is the best answer we are
allowed to return you, though you wait ten years.” This
answer displeased the chiefs, and they declined any further
talk. The agents returned home, apprehending a speedy
renewal of hostilities.

About this time the eastern Indians had been reinforced
by some of the most cunning and desperate adherents of
King Philip, who, upon the fall of their leader, Aug. 12,
1676, had dispersed themselves among the Penacooks and
Abenaques, inflaming them with their own maddened pas-
sions, peculiarly in harmony with the spirit of Squando,
who burned with impatience to see the work of destruction
renewed. Three of the most noted fugitives had taken or
acquired the English names of Simon, Andrew, and Peter.
They had escaped to the Merrimac River a short time
before the downfall of their prince, and had killed Thomas
Kimball, and taken captive his wife and five children.
They then endeavored to conceal themselves among the
Penacooks, who had been neutrals in the war; but they
were seized on one of Maj. Waldron’s warrants, and closely
confined at Dover, whence, in July, they effected their es-
cape, and went to Casco Bay, where they murdered and cap-
tured the Brackett family, killed Michael Mitten, Robert
Corbin, Humphrey Durham, and Benjamin Atwell. The

 

* J Williamson, p. 528; Sullivan, p. 250.

 

 

t Hubbard’s Indian Wars, p. 332.
44 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

surviving inhabitants hastily fled to a garrison on Munjoy
Hill, but feeling that they were not safe there, seized the
opportunity, while the Indians were hurrying away their
captives, to retreat in boats to Bangs’ Island, where they
protected themselves. The peninsula of Falmouth Neck
(now Portland) was, during a subsequent period, wholly
deserted, thirty-four persons being killed in this surprise, or
carried into captivity, and nearly all the property of the
place destroyed. The inhabitants did not return generally
till the peace of 1678. In one month fifteen leagues of
coast eastward of Falmouth were laid waste. The inhab-
itants were either massacred, carried into captivity, or
driven to the islands or remote places, and the settlements
abandoned or in ruins.

The inhabitants had endured with fortitude a series of
hardships for many years, and those of the peninsula in
particular could not entertain the thought of abandoning
their homes and their all to the savage destroyer. Upon
Munjoy’s Island, two leagues from the shore, was an old
stone house, which was easily made a shelter for a few of
them ; and upon Jewell’s Island others fortified themselves.
The Indians, flushed with success, resolved to overleap even
these water-barriers, and attack the English in their island
retreats. In September, while the men were engaged in
fishing and the women washing by the water-side, the In-
dians, who had secretly landed in their canoes, made a rush
upon them. At first a brave lad fired from the house and
killed two of the enemy. Mrs. Potts and several of her
children were quickly seized. On the arrival of some of the
men, who by this time had heard the alarm, the Indians, to
protect themselves from the shots, seized the children and
held them between their own breasts and the guns, so that
the parents dare not fire. The most of them, however,
rushed with great intrepidity into the midst of the Indians,
and, with the loss of a few killed and made captives, suc-
ceeded in driving them to their canoes. The assailants pro-
ceeded to Spurwink, where they killed two and wounded
others.

Massachusetts, amidst these alarming depredations, raised
a military force of one hundred and thirty English and
forty Natic Indians, who arrived at Dover September 6th,
where they formed a junction with the soldiers under Majs.
Waldron and Frost. At this time four hundred Indians of
different tribes assembled at Dover, many of them known
to be malignant fugitives from the westward, others, treach-
erous Violators of the treaty, and all acting in concert that
boded ill to the whites. Waldron, by means of his noted
“sham-fight,” which he proposed that the Indians should
engage in on one side and the Hnglish on the other, suc-
ceed in “bagging’” the whole four hundred in the most
unsuspected way. The amusement was continued a short
time, when Waldron induced them to fire a grand round,
and the moment their guns were discharged, his troops sur-
rounded the unwary Indians, seized and disarmed them,
without the loss of a man on either side. Wonnolancet and
his tribe, all adherents to the English and neutrals in the
war, were discharged. The “strange Indians” from the
westward, and every one who had been guilty of bloodshed
or violence since the treaty (about two hundred in number)
were confined and sent to Boston. They were tried by the

 

Supreme Court, and seven or eight executed; the others,
receiving the sentence of banishment, were transported to
foreign parts. This conduct on the part of Major Waldron
was the subject of much criticism and considerable division
of sentiment among the people, but it was approved by the

government. The Indians, however, considered it a base

' Yankee trick, and they never forgot nor forgave it.

Ou the 3d of September, the troops, under the senior
command of Capt. Hawthorne, proceeded to Falmouth,
where they arrived on the 20th, having visited by the way
Wells, Winter Harbor, Black Point, and Spurwink. On
their arrival at Falmouth Neck, Fort Loyal was erected ;
the troops remained upon the Neck about three weeks,
during which time a company of residents going to Peak’s
Island to kill and dress some sheep was surprised by the
Indians, and all killed except one. They were all heads of
families and prominent men, and their deaths, especially
that of George Felt, were deeply lamented. This event
occurred on the 23d of September. The next day a large
lurking party at Wells shot James Gooch from his horse as
he was returning from worship, on Sunday; his wife being
on the same horse, was cut to pieces by their. hatchets.
At Cape Neddick they brained a nursing mother, pinned
her infant to her bosom, in which condition it was found
alive with one of the breasts in its mouth. Again they
entered Wells, and killed George Farrow.

The troops left Falmouth on the 12th of October, and
spent the remainder of the month in South Berwick. The
Indians watched them till they had passed Black Point,
and on the second day after, one hundred and twenty of
them made a furious assault upon the garrison there, under
the arch-leader, Mugg. Henry Jocelyn, who was in com-
mand of the garrison, was induced to come out and hold a
parley with the Indians, under the pretense from Mugg that
if he would surrender he and all the inmates should be al-
lowed to depart with their effects unmolested. While Jo-
celyn was holding his parley, the inmates, all except his
household servants, had taken to their boats and departed,
and he, being left alone, was obliged to surrender. Blue
Point had been sacked the year before, and this success of
the Indians completed the ruin of Scarborough. Mugg
took great pride in his achievement.

But the most daring exploit of the savages during this
autumn was the seizure of a vessel and crew at Rich-
mond’s Island. This vessel was under the command of
Capt. Fryer, of Portsmouth, and had gone to Richmond's
Island, at the solicitation of Walter Gendall, to remove
the remaining stores there for fear the Indians would de-
stroy them. While they were loading, the savages came
upon them; the sailors on shore were seized, those on
board driven below deck ; by leaping into canoes, the bolder
savages cut the cables; the wind blowing strongly from
the southeast, drove the vessel ashore. “ Surrender,” cried
the Indians, “ or flames will soon make you prisoners of
death !”

In this wretched predicament, as Capt. Fryer lay wounded
and bleeding, the men had no choice but to surrender them-
selves to the tender mercies of infuriated savages. Eleven
of them were made prisoners. In the cartel, it was specified
that they were to ransom themselves by delivering a quantity
GOVERNMENT UNDER DANFORTH. 45

 

of goods in a certain limited time; to procure which two
were released, who, departing, returned with the goods
before the time expired. But as the exactors were absent
on some new expedition, their fellows took the ransom,
killed one of the bearers, and retained the rest of the crew
in custody.

On their way to Piscataqua, on the 18th of October,
Mugg landed with a force at Wells, and sent his prisoner,
Walter Gendall, to demand a surrender of the garrison.
“Never,” said the commander, “ never shall the gates be
opened till every one within is dead.” Repelled by this
reply, yet bent on mischief, Mugg and his men killed two
persons, wounded a third, cut the throats of thirteen cattle,
from which they took only their tongues, and disappeared.

Soon Mugg arrived at Piscataqua, bringing in Fryer
dying of his wounds, and declared upon his faith, which
he said was still good, that the prisoners taken at Rich-
monds’ Island would shortly be restored without ransom.
He proposed in behalf of Madockawando and others to
negotiate a peace. Unreasonable as this may seem, the
treaty proposed was actually made in Boston between
Mugg and the Governor and Council on the 6th of No-
vember, 1676. Gendall and a few other prisoners were
surrendered. The treaty was ratified by the sagamore of
Penobscot.

Little faith was put in the sincerity of this treaty, and
in the winter of 1677 apprehensions were generally enter-
tained of a renewal of hostilities the following spring.
The General Court ordered a winter expedition eastward,
which was sent, February 7th, under Majs. Waldron and
Frost, and landed at Mare Point in Maquoit Bay on the
18th. The force consisted of one hundred and fifty men
and sixty Natic Indians. On landing at Mare Point they
were hailed by a large party of Indians, among whom ap-
peared Squando and “Simon, the Yankee-killer.” The
Indians said they desired peace and had authorized Mugg
to make the treaty. Upon being asked why they did not
release the prisoners, Squando replied, “I will bring them
in the afternoon.” Nothing more was seen of the Indians
till noon the next day, when a flotilla of fourteen canoes
was seen pulling up the bay and nearing the shore.
Presently a house was seen in flames. The Indians, how-
ever, were severely punished by the soldiers, several of them
being killed and wounded.

Waldron arrived with his force at Pemaquid on the 26th
of February. Here a treaty was proposed in which it was
agreed that arms should be laid aside on both sides during
the conference. In the afternoon Waldron discovered the
point of a lance under a board, and in searching further
found other weapons concealed. Taking one, he brandished
it towards the council, exclaiming, “Perfidivus wretches! you
intended to get our goods, and then kill us, did you? They
were thunderstruck; yet one more daring than the rest
seized the weapon and strove to wrest it from Waldron’s
hand. A tumult ensued in which his life was much endan-
gered. Maj. Frost, laying hold of Megannaway, one of the
barbarous murderers of Thomas Brackett and his neighbors,
hurried him to the hold of his vessel. Meanwhile an ath-
letic squaw caught up a bundle of guns and ran for the

woods. At that instant a reinforcement arrived from the

 

vessels, when the Indians fled in all directions, pursued by
the soldiers. In their haste to get away one canoe was cap-
sized, from which five Indians were drowned ; an old saga-
more and five Indians were killed and four others were taken
prisoners. The expedition, after leaving a garrison of forty
men at Arrowsic, under Capt. Silvanus Davis, returned to
Boston on the 11th of March without the loss of a man.

But the town which the savages seem to have marked
out this year for utter destruction was Wells. From their
first entering it, April 6th, when they killed three, to the end
of the month, they made attacks upon the people and their
garrison several times. On the 13th, John Weld and Ben-
jamin Storer were killed. The fort was commanded by
Lieut. Swett, a brave and vigilant officer. Seeing a stroll-
ing Indian, who was in fact a decoy, Swett sent eleven of
his men towards the place to reconnoitre. By venturing
too far they fell into an ambush, when two were shot dead
and one mortally wounded.

The garrison having been re-established at Black Point
under Lieut. Tappen, a man of great courage, the Indians
attacked it, May 16th, with uncommon boldness and perti-
nacity. The siege was continued three days in succession,
—the assailants determining to force a surrender or perish
in the attempt. Of three Englishmen taken and slain,
one was barbarously tortured to death. One of the enemy
brought to the ground by a particular aim was then sup-
posed to be old Simon, but was afterwards found to be the
celebrated Mugg. The loss of their leader so dampened
the courage of his companions that they, in despair of
victory, departed.

CHAPTER XI.
GOVERNMENT UNDER DANFORTH.

Purchase of Maine by Massachusetts—County Court—Trial of James
Adams—Form of Government adopted for Maine—Thomas Dan-
forth appointed Deputy President—Civil Officers—Confirmation of
Land-Titles—Vacation of the Charter of Massachusetts.

In 1676 the lords chief justices of the King’s Bench
and Common Pleas, and the lords of trade and plantations,
decided adversely to Massachusetts’ claim of jurisdiction
over Maine. To avoid further controversy and trouble,
Massachusetts now decided to purchase of Gorges all his
right and interest in the province, and to this end instructed
Mr. John Usher, of Boston, then in England, to negotiate
the purchase, which he did, closing the contract for twelve
hundred and fifty pounds sterling, on the 6th of May, 1677.

This transaction, while it settled a troublesome contro-
versy, also originated a very important question, viz.: How
should Maine be governed? ‘The question, however, was
not immediately made prominent, but for two or three years
the General Court pursued its usual policy of administra-
tion.

In the spring of 1678 three assistants were admitted for
Yorkshire, and Thomas Danforth was designated to preside
in the County Court. The persons clothed with judicial
authority for the year 1679 were Joseph Dudley and Rich-
ard Waldron, Commissioners, and Edward Rishworth,
46 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

John Wincoln, Joshua Scottow, and Samuel Wheelwright,
Associates.

The last session of these judges in the County Court
under the colony administration, held at York in July, was
made memorable by the trial of James Adams, of York, for
one of the most singular and inhuman crimes of which
criminal courts furnish any record. Adams had become
affronted with Henry Simpson, one of his neighbors, and
determined to avenge himself upon two of Simpson’s unof-
fending sons, whose ages were respectively six and nine
years. His contrivance and crime were the more satanical
as they were deliberate. In a solitary place, four or five
miles from any of the dwellings of the inhabitants, he built
of logs, beside a ledge of perpendicular rocks, a pen, or
pound, several feet in height, inclined inward from the bot-
tom to the top. After this he decoyed the boys into the
woods under a pretense of looking for birds’-nests, and had
the art to draw. them within the pound,* where he left
them to perish with famine and suffering. The children
were soon missed, and the alarmed inhabitants searched the
woods for them thoroughly more than forty-eight hours
without success. The boys, presently aware of their
wretched situation, made various trials to get out, and at
length, by digging away with their hands the surface of
the earth underneath one of the bottom logs, effected their
escape. They wandered in the woods three days, being at
last attracted to the sea-shore by the noise of the surf,
where they were found.

The depraved criminal was soon arrested, and after con-
viction received this sentence :

“The Court, having considered your inhuman and barbarous offense
against the life of the children, and the great disturbance to the
country, do sentence you to have thirty stripes, well laid on; to pay
the father of the children £5 money, the treasury of the county £10,
out of which the expenses of postage and searching the town are to
be discharged ; also to pay the charges and fees of the prison, and
remain a close prisoner during the Court’s pleasure, till further
order.”

The same month sureties entered in recognizance of one
hundred pounds before two of the associates, ‘ conditioned
to send him, within twenty-one days, out of the jurisdic-
tion.” +

At the October session of the General Court, the affairs
of Maine were made the special subject of legislative dis-
cussion. In February, 1680, it was determined to assume
the royal charter granted to Sir Ferdinando Gorges, and, in
conformity with its provisions, to frame a civil administra-
tion for the government of the province. This duty was
assigned by legislative enactment to the Governor and.
Board of Colony Assistants, who decided that Maine should
have a Provincial President, chosen by the Governor and
said Board of Assistants from year to year; and a Legisla-
ture of two branches or houses,—the upper one to consist
of a Standing Council of eight members, and the other a
popular body, consisting of Deputies chosen by the towns,
as in Massachusetts.

The Council was made appointive by the Board of As-
sistants and to continue in office at their pleasure; they

 

* The place was afterwards called “the Devil's Invention.”
+ Hon. David Sewall, 1794; 3 Coll. Mass. Hist. Soc., p.9; 1 Coll.
Maine Hist. Soc., p. 285.

 

were also to be the judges of a Supreme Court and magis-
trates through the province. Tlie legislative body was to
meet once at least in each year.

The Board of Assistants then proceeded to elect a presi-
dent, and the choice fell upon Thomas Danforth, at that
time deputy Governor of Massachusetts. He was a gen-
tleman of fine talents and good education, and possessed at
this period great weight of character. He was born in
England in 1622, came over early in life, and before being
first deputy Governor, in 1679, had been an assistant for
twenty years, president of the Board of Commissioners for
the United Colonies, and had sometimes presided in the
County Court of Yorkshire. His wisdom, firmness, and
prudence qualified him to conduct difficult public affairs
with success, and his high-minded republican principles
rendered him pre-eminent in popular estimation.

To assist President Danforth in organizing and arranging
the civil affairs of the province, and holding a term of the
judicial courts the present season, the Board of Assistants,
after the general election in May, appointed Samuel Nowell
a special commissioner. He was an assistant this year
(1680) and the next, and was appointed against his will to
the office of joint agent with Mr. Stoughton to England.
He had been a minister of the gospel, and was a man of
reflection and good sense, and, moreover, in politics strongly
attached to the high republican party of his time.

The freeholders of the province, being summoned, met
at York, March 17,1680, and a commission, under the seal
of the Governor and Council of Massachusetts, was exhibited
and read, declaring themselves “ the lawful assigns of Sir Fer-
dinando Gorges,” and giving notice that they had “ erected
and constituted a Court and Council, and deputed Thomas
Danforth, Hsq., for the first president, to the end that the
above-named province might be protected in the enjoyment
of her rights and privileges, according to the rules of his
majesty’s royal charter granted unto the above-named Sir
F. Gorges, Kt.” Warrants for the choice of deputies to
the General Assembly, to be holden at York in the follow-
ing spring, were issued. Maj. Bryan Pendleton was ap-
pointed deputy president, and authorized, with the assist-
ance of other members of the Council, or magistrates, to hold
intermediate terms of the court.

Mr. Pendleton was among the earliest colonists of Massa-
chusetts, and settled in Watertown, which he represented six
years in the General Court, and in 1646 he commanded the
military corps since denominated the “ Ancient and Hop-
orable Artillery Company” in Boston. He resided in Ports-
mouth several years, from which he removed to Saco in
1665. He signed a petition to the king, in 1680, praying
for aid in “rebuilding the towns wasted and desolate by_
reason of the late Indian war.” He died soon afterwards,
and was succeeded in the office of deputy president by John
Davis, of York.

Deputies were chosen by towns, and annual sessions of
the General Assembly were held at York for five or six
years.

The first General Assembly under the new form of gov-
ernment convened at York, in June, 1681. Bryan Pendle-
ton, of Saco, as before stated, was deputy president. The
Council, in addition to him, consisted of Charles Frost,
GOVERNMENT UNDER DANFORTH. 47

 

Francis Hooke, John Davis, Joshua Scottow, Samuel
Wheelwright, and John Wincoln. Edward Rishworth was
secretary or recorder of the province. Messrs. Frost and
Hooke were both of Kittery; the former had represented
his town several years in the General Court, and was now
appointed commandant of the regiment; the latter, sup-
posed to have been the son of William Hooke, one of
Gorges’ first council, was provincial treasurer. Mr. Davis
lived at York, had been commanding officer of the militia
company, and in the late war had distinguished himself as
a brave and discreet officer. Mr. Scottow, originally from
Boston, had come to Scarborough with the troops from that
city at the beginning of the war, and became a prominent
and wealthy citizen. His name is identified with the au-
thorship of “The Old Man’s Tears.”* Mr. Wincoln lived
in Newichawannock, then a part of Kittery, where he was
captain of the town military company; he was a brave
officer, and had been several years a representative to the
General Court. Mr. Wheelwright was the son of the
reverend founder of Wells, and afterwards a councilor in
the General Court of Massachusetts. These councilors or
magistrates were also called justices, as they held the ju-
dicial courts of the province.

The number and names of those in the lower house this
year are not given, but four years afterwards the number
of deputies was twelve.

By a writ of quo warranto sued out of the Chancery
Court at Whitehall, July 20, 1683, the charter of Massa-
chusetts was declared vacated on the 18th of June, fullow-
ing. The king appointed Col. Kirke Governor of Massa-
chusetts, Plymouth, New Hampshire, and Maine,—an
appointment universally displeasing to the colonists, but
one which, fortunately or providentially, was never actually
inflicted upon them; for the king dying Feb. 16, 1685, his
brother and successor, James II., formerly Duke of York
and Albany, did not incline to confirm or renew the appoint-
ment.

At the meeting of the Provincial General Assembly at
York, in April, the new monarch was publicly proclaimed.

The administration of President Danforth continued
popular and effective; the legislative body met annually,
and the general government, as well as justice, was satis-
factorily administered for six years. One of his measures
of public policy, in view of the danger apprehended by the
Indians, was to maintain a garrison at Fort Loyal, in Fal-
mouth, which appears to have been an object also of gen-
eral concern. For this purpose a tax was laid upon all the
saw-mills of the province, which amounted to the sum of
ninety-three pounds yearly. Most of the mills were at that
time within the territory now embraced in York County.
At a session of the General Assembly at York, May 24,
1682, Anthony Brackett was employed for one year to take
command and charge of the garrison, to furnish provisions,
ammunition, and every necessary article, and to man it with
six men in summer and four in winter, for one hundred
and sixty pounds. Edward Tyng, a worthy and active
citizen, who had been an assistant in the General Court of
Massachusetts, was commander of the fort the year pre-

 

# Mass. Hist. Coll., p. 300.

 

ceding. He was afterwards one of the councilors under
Danforth.

The deputies or representatives in the General Assembly
in 1682 were Nicholas Shapleigh, of Kittery, Abraham
Preble and John Puddington, of York, John Harmon and
Benjamin Blackman, of Saco, and Anthony Brackett, of
Falmouth. In 1685, George Turfrey was representative
from Saco, and George Ingersoll from Falmouth.

At the August session in 1682, William Screvens, a
zealous and devoted Baptist minister, was fined ten pounds,
and commanded “never more to have any public religious
exercises whatever, at his own house or elsewhere, especi-
ally on the Sabbath.” His refusal to submit to the injune-
tion was deemed a contempt of his Majesty’s authority ;
hence the court awarded,—

“That he in future forbear from his turbulent and contentious prac-
tices, give bonds for his good behaviour, and stand committed till the
judgment of the Court be complied with.

“ Epwarp Risaworts, [ecorder.

“ August 17, 1682.”

This is said to have been the only case of religious per-
secution that ever occurred in the province,—z.e., by the
provincial authorities. Sarah Mills, in Scarborough, had
previously received twenty stripes “ for Quakerism,” by the
authority of Massachusetts.t In the case of Mr. Screvens,
it was the first appearance of a Baptist in Maine. He
lived in Kittery, where several persons had embraced the
tenets of this faith and been baptized by immersion. He
was born in England in 1629, and came to Kittery early
in life. Having great zeal and devotional gifts, he was
commended to the fellowship of his Baptist brethren in
Boston as “one whom God had qualified and furnished
with the gifts and graces of his Holy Spirit to open and
apply the good word, which, through the blessing of the
Lord Jesus Christ, might be by him made effectual and
useful.” A small church was constituted Sept. 25, 1682;
but the next year they removed with Mr. Screvens to Cooper
River, in South Carolina.t

Another important work of the government was that of
confirming the land-titles, for which purpose President
Danforth, in 1684, conveyed to several boards of trust the
townships of Scarborough, Falmouth, and North Yarmouth,
reserving to the chief proprietors a small quit-rent. The
trustees then proceeded to make surveys and assignments to
settlers and proprietors, according to their just claims and
rights, whereby settlements were encouraged and advanced.

Tt was necessary in those days to proceed with great cau-
tion in forming new plantations, on account of the known
danger from the Indians. In the spring of 1685 they dis-
closed unusual restlessness and symptoms of malignity.
Francis Hook this year sent a letter to Capt. Barefoot, at
Portsmouth, saying there were just grounds for apprehend-
ing an outbreak, “for the Indians have been guilty of
affronts in the vicinity of Saco, threatening the people, and
killing their dogs, and within the last three days they have
gathered all their corn, and moved off pack and baggage.
A word to the wise is sufficient. Myself and the rest in
commission with us are settling ourselves in a posture for

 

+3 Maine Hist. Coll., p. 154; Southgate, Hist. Scarborough.
{ Greenleaf's Ecc. Hist., p. 240.
48 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

defense, and to-morrow our council meet to consider what
is needful to be done.” By the timely and energetic
measures which resulted in a treaty, the anticipated mischief
was averted. On the 8th of September, 1685, the treaty
was concluded, and signed by Lieutenant-Governor Walter
Barefoot and three of his Council, on the part of New
Hampshire, and Francis Hook and John Davis, two of the
Councilors of Maine. It was signed on the part of the In-
dians, at different times, by twelve sagamores and chiefs,
from Penacook, Saco, Androscoggin, and Kennebec.

Massachusetts had partly kept up her colony government
since the vacation of her charter. May 12, 1686, only
thirty-six deputies took their seats in the General Court,
and the arrival of a commission from the king, appointing
Joseph Dudley governor, put an end to that body on the
third day of the session. Mr. Danforth was now removed
from the presidency of Maine, and a court substituted,
which was composed of Hon. William Stoughton, Judge ;
John Usher and Kdward Tyng, Esqs., Assistants; and a’
justice was appointed in each town. The court sat at York
in October.

Governor Dudley’s administration lasted only four
months and twenty-six days, when he was superseded by
Sir Edmund Andros, who arrived in Boston on the 20th of
December. Sir Edmund, between 1674 and 1682, had
been ducal governor of New York and Sagadahock, and had
displayed an imperious and arbitrary temper. For his ad-
herence to the prerogatives of the crown, his grateful
master, James II., had now made him governor-general
over all his colonies and dominions in New England.

CHAPTER XII.

FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR—1688-92.

Policy of Governor Andros — Indignity Offered to Baron Castine—
War Declared between France and England—Savages let Loose
upon the Frontiers— Conquest of Acadia — Expedition against
Quebec—Capture of Fort Loyal—Agsault upon the Garrison at
Wells—Destruction of York.

Governor ANDROS entered upon his administration
with more vigor than prudence. Determined upon the en-
largement of his dominion as well as upon the unlimited
exercise of power, he resolved to seize upon the country
lying between the Penobscot and the St. Croix, which,
though included in the ducal patent, was nevertheless
claimed, and to some extent occupied, by the French. The
Baron de St. Castine had his establishment upon the pen-
insula of Bagaduce, where he had lived for some time on
the most intimate terms with the Penobscot Indians, into
the family of whose chief he had married, and whose mode
of life he had in a great measure adopted.

Andros proceeded to Pemaquid, where he fitted out an
expedition under Capt. George, of the frigate ‘ Rose,” and,
joining with his sloop and barge, they made sail for Baga-
duce. Arrived in the harbor, near the fort and habitation
of the baron, the Governor sent a lieutenant with a notice
of his arrival and readiness for an interview, if the baron

 

desired. But the baron, too wary to be made a prisoner
by surprise, had already taken his family and retired to the
woods, leaving all to the will of the expected visitors.
They found household furniture, firearms, ammunition, and
coarse cloth, all of which they put on board the frigate, in
nowise injuring his Catholic altar, chapel service, pictures,
ornaments, or buildings. Having done this, they embarked
and returned to Pemaquid.

The treatment which Castine thus received gave him
great umbrage. He considered the plunder of his house
a wanton outrage, being fully able, as he believed, to justify
all his conduct towards the English; and he fully deter-
mined, never to submit to their domination. Nor ‘had he
avy great regard for the government of France, with which
he became offended on account of being deprived, as he
thought without just reason, of an honorable military com-
mand which he once held. He preferred to be the ruler
of the Indians, with whom his friendship and address had
rendered his influence supreme.

Castine had a terrible power to turn against his adver-
saries,—no less than the savage foe who had a few years
before spread desolation and death along the whole frontier,
—nor was he slow to invoke the renewed vengeance of
these murderous hordes.

In August the Indians commenced hostilities. Imme-
diately every fort between the Piscataqua and the Penobscot
was repaired and put in the best posture for defense, and
in September soldiers were enlisted and detached for an
eastern expedition. But when Governor Andros returned
to Boston he wholly disapproved of the measure and utterly
refused to have war declared. He issued a proclamation,
October 20th, ordering all the Indian prisoners to be dis-
charged, commanding the Indians to set at liberty every
one of his Majesty’s subjects, and strongly recommending
the tribes, if they desired peace and safety, to dwell near
the English settlements. The savages paid no regard to
his mandates or encouragements. The prisoners held by
the English, being released, returned to their tribes, while
the English prisoners among the savages were retained to
be tortured or put to death in their barbarous frolics.

Perceiving that war was inevitable, he rushed to the op-
posite extreme, determined now to subdue the savages or
frighten them into terms. Although it was late in Novem-
ber, he collected a force of eight hundred men and led them
into the eastern country. No Indians were to be seen, for
at this season of the year they were usually upon their
hunting-grounds in the interior. The expedition, as could
easily have been foretold, proved an utter failure. Indeed,
it had been opposed by all the more wise and considerate,
who saw the folly of such an undertaking at that season.
To cover his defeat, however, he set a force at work build-
ing garrisons ; eleven of these structures were erected and
manned, but this was done with injudicious haste and bad
judgment as to the proper places and distribution of the
men. At Pemaquid he placed Col. Edward Tyng and
Capt. Minot, with one hundred and eighty militia and
thirty-six regulars; at New Dartmouth he placed twenty-
four of the regular soldiers under Lieut. Jordan, and Capt.
Withington’s company of sixty militia; at Pejepscog he
placed forty regulars and two militia companies of sixty
FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR. 49

each ; at Fort Loyal, Falmouth, sixty men under command
of Capt. George Lockhart ; at Saco, Capt. Lloyd with “his
company of sixty, and twenty-eight drawn from the com-
mands of Maj. Henchman and Capt. Bull; at Kennebunk,
Capt. Puddington was to draw in an emergency from Saco ;
the garrison at Wells was to be relieved in the same man-
ner.

What Governor Andros would have done further had he
remained in power is not easy to conjecture. But an ad-
ministration of sixteen months closed his career in New
England. The people had too much independence, too
high a sense of liberty, and too much practical wisdom in
the management of affairs which they understood better
than any inexperienced foreigner to submit tamely to his
domineering spirit, his arbitrary measures, or his repeated
blunders, which were rapidly involving the affairs of the
colonies in confusion and ruin. Hence they put an end to
his government in a revolution at Boston in April, 1689,
and reinstated the Danforth government over Maine.

Meantime, on the 12th of December preceding, James
II., succumbing to the revolution in England, had abdi-
cated the throne and fled to France; and on the 16th of
February, William, Prince of Orange, and Mary, daughter
of James, had been proclaimed king and queen of England.

This affair embroiled England and France, so that war
was declared between the two nations; and extending to
Canada and Acadia, enlisted the French of these provinces
and their Indian allies in a desultory and barbarous war
against the English colonies, in which the province of
Maine suffered ‘most severely.

On the 15th of May, 1689, the Danforth government
was fully established, the former councilors of the, province
being confirmed, viz., Charles Frost, Francis Hook, Edward
Tyng, John Davis, Joshua Scottow, Samuel Wheelwright,
and John Wincoln.

Madockawando, chief of the Penobscots, at this time
visited Boston with several of the leading men of his tribe.
He represented the grievances of Castine, and how highly
he was affronted at the plunder of his house by the Eng-
lish. The authorities sent the baron a conciliatory address,
assuring him that the outrage had been committed by a
party now out of power, and for whose conduct the present
government was not responsible; neither did it approve the
act. They sent also presents and conciliatory messages to
the Indians; but in the present state of affairs between
England and France it was impossible successfully to secure
their peace and friendship. The French on this side of the
Atlantic began aggressions with eager haste and pursued
them with malignant fury, those of Canada taking the lead
in instigating the Indians to join them and fall with exter-
minating ferocity upon the outer settlements of New Eng-
land, particularly those of New Hampshire and Maine.

As soon as war was declared in Boston, December 7th,*
the General Court resolved upon measures for regaining
Nova Scotia and reducing Quebec The first of these ob-
jects was successfully accomplished by an expedition under
Sir William Phips, who completed the conquest of Acadia
without resistance. Phips also sailed to Quebec with an

 

* It had been declared in England May 7th.
7

 

army, landing thirteen hundred effective men on the Isle
of Orleans; but his note to Frontenac demanding a sur-
render being treated with haughty disdain, and learning
the great strength of the fortifications, he considered it
discreet to re-embark, and hasten away as precipitately as
possible. His fleet, overtaken by a violent tempest in the
St. Lawrence, was dispersed; two or three of the vessels
were sunk, one was wrecked, others were blown off to the
West Indies, and the remainder were more than a month
on their way home.

Thus the expedition ended in disaster and defeat. Maj.-
Gen. Winthrop, who had marched with an army to the
head of Lake Champlain, intending a descent on Montreal,
and a junction with Sir William at Quebec, was also dis-
couraged, and returned without crossing the lake.

These disasters only rendered the French more bold and
insolent. The Indians, encouraged by the sympathy and
assistance rendered them, especially by the Baron de St.
Castine, had begun their work of plunder and destruction
upon the frontier settlements.

The first blood in this war was shed at Dartmouth, near
Pemaquid, early in September, 1688. A few days after,
Capt. Walter Gendall and his servant were killed at North
Yarmouth. Towards winter two families in Kennebunk, of
the names of Barrow and Bussy, were murdered. In
April, 1689, the savages began hostilities at Saco, but no
lives appear to have been lost. Two or three months later
four young men of Saco, going to seek their horses for the
purpose of joining a military party under Capt. Wincoln,
were surprised and killed. A company of twenty-four
men were immediately raised to search for the bodies of the
slain, who, falling in with the savages, pursued them into a
vast swamp, probably the Heath, but were obliged to retire
with the loss of six of their number.

The year 1690 was signalized by the destruction of the
settlement at Salmon Falls (Berwick), and the capture of
Fort Loyal, at Falmouth, by two parties of French and
Indians. The garrisons in Cape Elizabeth and Scarbor-
ough were so discouraged at these events that they drew
off immediately to Saco, and from Saco, in a few days, to
Wells.+

There were at this time in Wells, between the present
highway and the beach, several houses constructed of hewn
timber, with flankers, and on each a watch-tower,—all of
which were fortified, and might be occupied and used as
garrisons. One of the largest and strongest was Mr. Storer’s,
situated near the old meeting-house, which was considered
at this period a public fortification.

Scouting-parties were employed during the summer be-
tween Portsmouth and Falmouth, by reason of which the
Indians were restrained from further depredations of any
magnitude. In September, Col. Church was sent into the
province with a considerable force, partially of friendly
natives of the Old Colony. They landed at Pejepscot, where
the fort built by Governor Andros was in possession of the
Indians, who hastily fled upon their approach, leaving be-
hind them several women and children ; these were seized
and all put to death, except the wives of two chiets, whose

 

t Mather’s Magnalia.
,

50

HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

influence was wanted to obtain a restoration of prisoners.
From that place Col. Church sailed to Winter Harbor. The
next morning they discovered some smoke arising towards
Scamman’s garrison. Church immediately sent in that di-
rection a scout of sixty men, and presently followed with
his whole force.*

“This garrison,” says Folsom, “was about three miles below the
Falls, on the eastern side of the (Saco) river; when the detachment
approached it they discovered the Indians on the opposite side. Three
of them, however, had crossed the river, and sceing our men, ran with
great speed to their canoes; in attempting to recross, one who stood
up to paddle was killed by a shot from the party, and falling upon
the canoe caused it to break to pieces (says Church), so that all three
perished. The firing alarmed the other savages, who abandoned their
canoes and ran from the river. ‘Old Doney,’ a noted Indian, was at
the Falls, together with a prisoner, Thomas Baker (of Scarborough),
and hearing the guns, came down the river in his canoe; but on per-
ceiving Church’s men, ran his canoe ashore, and leaping over the
head of Baker, escaped to the other Indians. Col. Church afterwards
went to Casco Bay, and from thence back as far as Wells, where the
chiefs whose wives had been spared ‘came and said three several times
that they would never fight against the English any more, for the
French made fools of them.’ +

The chiefs referred to in the above extract were two saga-
mores who had been taken at Pejepscot. They came to Wells
in October, 1689, where their wives were retained, and
agreed to enter into a treaty at any place the English might
appoint. It seems that the appointment was made for a
conference at Sagadahock ; for, on the 29th of November,
the commissioners of Massachusetts met six sagamores at
that place and a truce was signed between them for the
suspension of hostilities till the 1st of May following, when
they agreed to repair to Storer’s garrison in Wells, bring
in the captives and there conclude a lasting peace. Ten
English captives were released, with one of whom, Mrs.
Hall, they parted very reluctantly, because she was a good
writer and had served them as a secretary. {

This was almost the only good fortune which had thus
far been attained in the war. Never had Maine witnessed
a darker season. Only four towns survived the ravages of
the Indians, viz., Wells, York, Kittery, and Appledore, or
the Isles of Shoals. These the enemy had evidently marked
out for utter and speedy destruction.

Col. Church, having collected and buried the mouldering
bodies of the people slain in the capture of Falmouth, re-
turned home in the autumn, leaving one hundred of his
men at Wells under Capt. Converse and Lieut. Plaisted. He
kindly collected a considerable contribution in Plymouth
Colony, which he transmitted to the eastern sufferers, ac-
companied by a letter to Maj. Frost, John Wheelwright,
Esq., and others, encouraging their expectations of still
further relief.

At the time appointed, May 1, 1691, President Dan-
forth, attended by several members of the Council and
guarded by a troop of horse, arrived in Wells for the pur-
pose of meeting the Indians and forming the expected
treaty. Not one of them appeared,—being evidently de-
terred through French influence. A few who were in the
neighborhood were brought in by order of Capt. Converse,
who said they had forgotten the time, but promised to

 

* Church's Wars, p. 117.
f Saco and Biddeford, p. 194.
$1 Williamson, p. 627.

 

bring in the rest in ten days, and in proof of their sincerity
gave up two captives. To try their faith and honor, they
were dismissed, but nothing more was seen of the Indians.
President Danforth and his associates returned to York,
promising to send Capt. Converse a reinforcement of thirty-
five soldiers from the county of Essex, which arrived on
the 9th of June.

In half an hour after the arrival of these troops the gar-
rison was furiously beset by Moxus and two hundred In-
dians. Being repulsed, they presently withdrew, and pro-
ceeded to Cape Neddick, in York. Here they attacked a
vessel and killed a greater part of the crew, set the little
hamlet on fire, and then scattered in different directions.
Madockawando is said by a captive to have remarked,
“ Moxus miss it this time ; next year I'll have the dog Con-
verse out of his den.”

Four companies of troops were dispatched late in July
into the eastern service, commanded by Capts. March, King,
Sherburne, and Walton, the first being the senior officer.
They landed at Maquoit and proceeded to Pejepscot Falls.
Returning to their vessels they had a sharp engagement
with a large body of Indians, in which Capt. Sherburne
was killed. Nothing was effected by this expedition, except
to deter the Indians from their contemplated attack upon
the Isles of Shoals.

The Indians, with their usual craftiness, delayed their
attack upon York till the dead of winter, at which time
they well knew it was the habit of the place to be less on
their guard than common. Larly in the morning of Mon-
day, Feb. 25, 1692, at the signal of a gun fired by the
enemy, the town was furiously assaulted at different places
by two or three hundred Indians, led by several Canadian
Frenchmen, who had crossed the country on snow-shoes.
Although several houses were strongly fortified, the sur-
prise of the town was complete, and the attack consequently
more fatal. ‘A scene of fearful carnage and capture in-
stantly ensued, and in one half-hour more than a hundred
and sixty of the inhabitants were expiring victims or trem-
bling suppliants at the feet of their enraged enemies. The
rest had the good fortune to escape with their lives into
Preble’s, Harmon's, Alcock’s, and Norton’s garrisoned
houses, the best fortifications in town. Though well se-
cured within the walls, and bravely defending themselves
against their assailants, they were several times summoned
to surrender. “ Never,” said they; “never till we have shed
the last drop of blood.”

About seventy-five of the inhabitants were killed; the
savages, despairing of securing the other victims by capitu-
lation, set fire to nearly all of the unfortified houses on the
northeast side of the river, which, with a large amount of
property, besides the plunder taken, were laid in ashes.
The savages then hastened away with their booty and their
prisoners, ‘‘ near an hundred of that unhappy people,” says
Dr. Mather. “ Nay, it was now their hard destiny to enter
upon a long journey amidst a thousand hardships and suf-
ferings, aggravated by severe weather, snow, famine, abuse,
and every species of wretchedness.”

Rev. Dr. Dummer, who had long been their able and be-
loved minister, now in his sixtieth year, was found by some
of the survivors fallen dead upon his face near his own door,
CONTINUATION OF INDIAN HOSTILITIES. 51

 

having been shot as he was about starting on horseback to
make a pastoral visit. His house was on the sea-shore, not
far from the Roaring Rock. He was a graduate of Har-
vard College in 1656, and married not long after the
daughter of Edward Rishworth, Esq. She was among the
captives, and heartbroken and exhausted with fatigue, soon
sank in death.

A party instantly rallied at Portsmouth and pursued the
enemy, but it was too late either to give battle to the In-
dians or to rescue the prisoners. So fatal was the blow to
York that but for the timely aid and encouragement of
Massachusetts, the remnant of the inhabitants would have
abandoned the place during the ‘war.

Wells was next singled out as the object of attack. Ma-
dockawando had not forgotten his threat to “have that dog
Converse out of his den.” Hence a formidable force,
consisting of five hundred French and Indians, including
the chief sagamores, under command of the French officer
Portneuf, invested the place on the 10th of June. The in-
habitants were dispersed among the fortified houses. Con-
verse and fifteen soldiers were in Storer’s garrison. On the
9th two sloops, which had been sent to supply the distressed
and suffering inhabitants with provisions and ammunition,
had arrived under command of Samuel Storer and James
Gouge, having on board fourteen men. The first evidence
of the presence of an enemy in proximity to the settlement
was given by the cattle, which hurricd in bleeding from the
woods and put the inhabitants upon their guard. The next
morning, before daybreak, John Diamond, a passenger who
had arrived on one of the vessels, on his way to the garri-
son, was seized by Indian spies and dragged away by his
hair. He was taken into the presence of the French off-
cers, who were attended by Madockawando, Hgermet,
Moxus, Warumbo, and several other sagamores. They
closely examined him to obtain all the information they
could about the place. Hither by mistake or design, he
said there were in the garrison with Capt. Converse thirty
brave men well armed. To show how certainly the enemy
anticipated success, it is stated that they proceeded to “ ap-
portion the soldiers, the inhabitants, Mr. Wheelwright by
name, the women and children, the sailors, and the plunder
among the officers, the sagamores, and the army. Then
one habited like a gentleman made a speech to them in
English, exhorting them to be active and fearless.” All
being in readiness, they raised a hideous shout, and assaulted
the garrison with great fury. The assault was continued
throughout the day without success. A party also con-
structed a breastwork in front of the sloops, from behind
which they fired guns and blazing arrows, setting fire to the
vessels. The crews extinguished the flames by wet mops
attached to the ends of poles, and fired with such precision
and rapidity that the enemy were compelled to abandon
their works. They next attempted to set fire to the sloops
by means of an engine rolled on wheels, containing flaming
materials, which they succeeded in bringing within a few
rods of the vessels, but could not get near enough to be
effective. In these operations several Indians and French-
men were killed.

The French and Indians, combining their forces, on the
next morning moved the whole body towards the garrison.

 

It was at this time that one of Converse’s soldiers proposed
asurrender. “ Utter the word again,” said the captain,
“and you are a dead man.” Continuing his orders, “ All
lie close,” said he, ‘and fire not a gun till it will do execu-
tion.” As the besiegers with firm steps approached they
gave three hideous shouts, one crying out in English, “ Fire
and fall on, brave boys!” The whole body then, opening
into three ranks, discharged their guns all at once. A
blaze of fire was returned both from the small arms and
the cannon, some two or three of which were twelve-
pounders; women heroically supplied ammunition, and in
several instances acted as gunners. It was a crisis of life
and death, and the English were victorious. The repulse
was so complete that the attack was not renewed.

The Indians made another attack on the vessels, having
constructed a fire-boat eighteen or twenty feet square, which
they towed towards the vessels and in the current of the
tide left it to float in flames directly against them. This
would have inevitably proved their destruction had not a
counter-breeze sprung up just at the opportune moment,
which carried the flaming magazine to the opposite shore,
where it split and filled with water.

At about ten o’clock in the evening the enemy retired,
discouraged and mortified at their ill success. “A siege of
forty-eight hours prosecuted by a host against a handful,”
says a historian, “ was in the sequel no less a disgrace and
a discouragement to the one than animating and glorious to
the other.” To retaliate for the death of one of the French
officers, the savages put their only captive, John Diamond,
to the torture. They stripped, scalped, and maimed him ;
slit his hands and feet between the fingers and toes; cut
deep gashes in the fleshy parts of his body and stuck the
wounds full of lighted torches, leaving him to die by piece-
meal in the agonies of consuming fire.*

CHAPTER XIII.
CONTINUATION OF INDIAN HOSTILITIES.

Sir William Phips—His Measures for prosecuting the War—Maj.
Converse promoted to the Chief Command—Stone Fort erected in
Biddeford—Depredations of the Indians—Lieut. Fletcher and his
two Sons captured—Humphrey Scamman and his Family taken
Captives—Continuation of the Struggle till the Peace of 1713.

Tue new administration, under the charter of William
and Mary, commenced in the spring of 1692. Sir William
Phips was commissioned royal Governor. He was a native
of Maine, born in Woolwich, upon the Sheepscot, Feb.
2, 1650, and was one of the youngest of his mother’s
twenty-six children, of whom twenty-one were sons. His
wife was a daughter of Roger Spencer, of Saco. Bereaved
of his father when a child, he passed his boyhood with his
mother until he was eighteen, afterwards learning the trade
of a ship-carpenter, and acquiring some education. About
the time of King Philip’s war he built a ship on the
Sheepscot River, and, being driven away by the Indians,
became a sea-faring adventurer.

 

* Mather’s Magnalia, pp. 532-36; 2 Hutchinson, p. 67.
52 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

In some of his voyages he heard that a Spanish ship,
laden with silver, had been wrecked and sunk, half a cen-
tury before, not far from the Bahama Islands. He told the
interesting story to the Duke of Albemarle, and entering
into an agreement with him, sailed twice under his auspices
from England, into those waters, in search of the wreck.
During the second voyage, in 1687, after indefatigable
efforts, he found it between forty and fifty feet under water,
and took from it the immense treasure of thirty-four tons
of silver, besides gold, pearls, and jewels, equivalent in value
to one million three hundred and fifty thousand dollars. Of
this treasure his part exceeded seventy thousand dollars, be-
sides a golden cup, worth four thousand dollars, presented to
his wife by his noble patron. For his enterprise, success,
and honesty King James II. conferred upon him the order
of knighthood, and appointed him high-sheriff of New
England. This was during the administration of Governor
Andros, with whom he differed so widely in politics that
he declined the office. The conquest of Nova Scotia and
the disastrous expedition against Quebec, at the beginning
of the war, have already been noticed.

As royal Governor of Massachusetts under the new char-
ter, Sir William took active measures to carry on the war
against the French and Indians. He was authorized by
the charter and advised by the Legislature, if necessary, to
march the militia agaiust the common enemy. A board of
war was at once organized, consisting of three military men,
and Benjamin Church was commissioned major-command-
ant of the forces. The Governor himself, attended by
Maj. Church and four hundred and fifty men, embarked
early in August for Pemaquid, where he had decided to
establish a strong garrison. This was erected in a few
months, under the direction of Capts. Wing and Ban-
croft, with two companies retained to do the work, and
was finished by Capt. March. It was a quadrangular
structure of solid masoury, measuring seven hundred and
forty-seven feet around the exterior walls, and containing
within the inclosure a strong citadel. The height on the
south side fronting the sea was twenty-two feet, and the
great flanker, or round tower, at the southwest corner, was
twenty-nine feet in height. Hight feet from the ground
the walls were six feet in thickness, and there was a tier of
twenty-eight port-holes. Highteen guns were mounted, six
of which were eighteen-pounders, and Fort William Henry,
as it was called, was garrisoned by sixty men. The cost of
the structure was about twenty thousand pounds.

The expedition of Maj. Church eastward was attended
with no important results, the Indians in several places
disappearing on his approach, and hiding themselves in the
thickets of the forest. Madockawando, in August, made a
journey to Quebec, and it was agreed with Count Frontenac
that, upon his sending two ships of war and two hundred
Canadians to Penobscot, they should be reinforced by
three hundred Indians under Madockawando, and the whole
force should proceed to destroy Wells, York, Kittery, Pis-
cataqua, and the Isles of Shoals; and having done this,
return and demolish Fort William Henry. This project
leaked out through John Nelson, whom Sir William had
made Governor of Nova Scotia, who bribed two French-
men to convey the intelligence to Boston. Late in the

 

autumn, D’Iberville and the Chevalier Villebon, with two
vessels of war and a great body of Indians, proceeded from
Penobscot to attempt the reduction of Fort William Henry.
But struck with its great strength, and finding an English
vessel riding at anchor under its guns, the commanders
concluded to abandon the enterprise. The Indians were
so disappointed that they stamped the ground in rage.

In the spring of 1693 the intrepid Converse was com-
missioned major and commander-in-chief of the eastern
forces, including the garrison, soldiers, and three hundred
and fifty new levies. He ranged the country in quest of
the enemy; was at Piscataqua, at Wells, at Sheepscot, at
Pemaquid, at Teconnet ; ahd on the west side of the Saco,
near the Falls (Biddeford) he, with the aid of Maj. Hook
and Capt. Hill, erected a very strong stone fort. The re-
mains of this fort were visible on the high bank where the
shops of the Water-Power Machine Company now stand
when the excavations were made for these works in 1840.
The remnant of the fort was demolished at that time. It
is said to have been built with so much strength that the
Indians never attempted to take it; of course, it afforded
great security to the inhabitants. A number of soldiers
were stationed here under the command of Capt. George
Turfrey and Lieut. Pendleton Fletcher. So much energy
was shown in the preparations for war in the early part of
this year that the Indians became alarmed, sued for peace,
and in August a treaty was made at Pemaquid, signed by
the principal sagamores of all the Indians belonging to the
several tribes of Penobscot and Kennebec, Androscoggin
and Saco. The following summer, however, hostilities were
renewed near the Piscataqua, at Spruce Creek, and in
York. The leaders were fortunately seized,— Robin Doney
and three others at Saco fort, and Bomazeen, at Pemaquid,
in 1694. The latter was sent to jail in Boston.

The next March two soldiers belonging to the fort in
Saco fell into the hands of the enemy, one of whom was
killed and the other carried into captivity. The savages
appear to have lurked about the fort, watching an opportu-
nity for mischief. Sergt. Haley was cut off in this manner,
venturing carelessly out of the fort in the latter part of the
summer. The next year five soldiers, in a similar way,
lost their lives. They had discovered the enemy in season
to make their escape, but not agreeing about the course to
be taken (being at a considerable distance from the fort)
they unfortunately fell into an ambush and were all slain.

Maj. Charles Frost, of Sturgeon Creek, in Kittery, was
killed on Sunday, July 4, 1697, returning from public wor-
ship at Berwick,—‘ to repair unto which,” says Mr. Mather,
“about five miles from his own house, he had that morning
expressed such an earnestness that much notice was taken
of it.” Two others were killed at the same time; but two
sons of Maj. Frost, who were in the company, happily
escaped. The Indians had secreted themselves behind a
collection of boughs lying near the road; the place was
open and level, and apparently much less likely to conceal
an enemy than other parts of the road which they had
passed. Maj. Frost had filled various offices of great
respectability. In 1693 he was a member of the Council
of Massachusetts, elected by the people under the provis-
ions of the new charter. He had been an officer in King
CONTINUATION OF INDIAN HOSTILITIES. 53

 

Philip’s war, and was much feared by the savages. His
father, Nicholas Frost, heretofore mentioned, was one of the
first settlers of Kittery, and died in 1663, at the age of
seventy-one, leaving two other sons,__John and Nicholas.
The capture of Lieut. Fletcher and his two sons took

place the same year. Of this Dr. Mather gives the follow-
ing account :

“Three soldiers of Saco fort, cutting some firewood on Cow Island
for the use of the fort, were by the Indians cut off while Lieut Flet-
cher, with his two sons, that should have guarded them, went afowl-
ing, and by doing so they likewise fell into a snare, The Indians
carrying these three captives down the river in one of their canoes,
Lieut. Larrabee, who was abroad with a scout, waylaid them, and
firing on the foremost of the canoes, that had three men (Indians) in
it, they all three fell and sank in the rivor of death. Several were
killed aboard the other canoes, and the rest ran their canoes ashore
and escaped on the other side of the river; and one of the Fletchers,
when all the Indians with him were killed, was delivered out of the
hands which had made prisoners of him, though his poor father after-
wards died among them.” %

About the same time Humphrey Scamman and his
family were taken and carried to Canada. The story of
their capture is thus related by an aged lady, a grand-
daughter of Samuel, the youngest son of Mr. Scamman:

“’When Samuel was about ten years old, as his granddaughter has
often heard him relate, he was sent one day by his mother with a mug
of beer to his father and brother, who were at work on « piece of
marsh in the neighborhood of the lower ferry. He had not gone far
from the house when he discovered a number of Indians at a distance,
and immediately ran back to inform his mother. He regained the
house and wished to fasten the doors and windows, but his mother
prevented him, saying that the Indians would certainly kill them if
he did. They soon came into the house and asked the good woman
where her sanap (husband) was. She refused to inform them, when
they threatened to carry her off alone; but promised, if she would
discover where he was, to take them together without harm. She
then told them. After destroying much of the furniture in the house,
breaking many articles on a flat stone by the door, and emptying the
feather-beds to secure the sacks, they went away with the prisoners
towards the marsh, where they succeeded in capturing Mr. Scamman
and his other son. A boy named Robinson had been for the team,
and as he was returning he perceived the savages in season to make
his escape. Mounting a horse, with only his garters for a bridle, he
rode up to what is now Gray’s Point, swam the horse to Cow Island,
and, leaving him there, swam to the opposite shore, and reached the
fort in safety. He found only a few old men and women in posses-
sion of the place. The guns were immediately fired to alarm the
soldiers belonging to the fort, who were at work some distance off.
The women in the mean time put on men’s clothes and showed them-
selves about the fort, so that they could be seen by the Indians, who
had come up to the opposite island. Deceived by this stratagem
(supposing the fort to be well manned, as they afterwards acknowl-
edged), they did not venture an attack, but drew off with a number
of prisoners besides Scamman and his family. As the peace took
place soon after, the prisoners were all restored, having been probably
about one year in captivity. Mr. Scamman, on his return, found his
house in precisely the same condition in which it had been left; even
the mug of beer, which Samuel had placed on the dresser, was found
remaining there. This mug is still in existence, preserved by our
venerable informant as a memorial of the dangers and sufferings to
which her ancestors were exposed. It is a handsome article of brown
ware, with the figure and name of King William stamped upon it.
Its age is about one hundred and forty years.’*#

In 1698, the war between England and France being at
an end, the Indians made new overtures for peace, and
commissioners were sent to treat with them, who concluded
a treaty at Mare Point, in Casco Bay, Jan. 7, 1699. Thus

 

# Folsom’s Saco and Biddeford, written in 1830, p. 187.

 

ended a bloody war which had continued with little inter-
mission for ten years.

The settlements enjoyed, however, but a short respite
from the unspeakable miseries of savage warfare. The
succession of Queen Anne to the English throne in 1702
was followed by a renewal of hostilities with France. The
next year Governor Dudley appointed a conference with the
eastern Indians at Falmouth. Delegates appeared from the
different tribes, who declared to the Governor “ that as high
as the sun was above the earth, so far distant was their
design of making war upon the whites.” Yet in August,
six weeks after the conference, a body of five hundred
French and Indians fell upon the settlements between
Casco and Wells, burning and destroying all before them.
One hundred and thirty people were killed and taken pris-
oners in the course of this devastation.f The garrison at
Winter Harbor and the stone fort at Saco Falls were at-
tacked by this party. The former, after a stout resistance,
finally capitulated on favorable terms. In the assault on
the fort at Saco eleven were killed and twenty-four taken
prisoners, who were carried into captivity. At Spurwink
twenty-two persons, all of the Jordan families resident
there, were either killed or captured. The garrison at
Scarborough this time held out against an attack. At Pur-
pooduck (Cape Elizabeth) twenty-five were killed and eight
taken. The inhabitants, having been lulled into security
by the result of the conference at Casco, were taken by
surprise, and became the easy victims of the perfidious
cruelty of the savages.

Towards the close of the year five of the inhabitants of
Saco who were getting home wood were surprised by the
enemy, and three of them slain. The next month (January,
1704) a body of Indians attacked the garrison at Saco, at
that time commanded by Capt. Brown, but were repulsed.}

In 1705, Capt. Joseph Hill, who had fallen into the
hands of the enemy and been taken to Canada, was sent to
obtain an exchange of prisoners. He reported that there
were at that time with the French one hundred and four-
teen captives, and seventy with the Indians. About this
time Ebenezer (afterwards Deacon) Hill and his wife were
taken captives and carried to Canada, where they remained
three years. Their oldest son, Ebenezer, called in after-
years “the Frenchman,” was born either in Canada or
while they were on their return. Mr. Hill’s house was
on the west side of Saco River, near the head of “ Ferry
Lane.’’§

In 1707 an engagement took place at Winter Harbor
between a fleet of fifty canoes, manned by one hundred and
fifty Indians, and two small vessels, in which were Capt.
Austin, Sergt. Cole, Mr. Harmon, and six others. Seeing
the canoes approaching in a hostile manner, the men fired
upon them as soon as they came near enough, producing
some confusion among the savages; a brisk action ensued,
in which the Indians captured one of the vessels, the men,
however, making their escape to the other, with the loss of
one man, Benjamin Daniel, who was shot through the
bowels. As he fell he exclaimed, “I am a dead man;”

 

+ Penhallow’s Wars of New England.
{ Judge Sewall’s MS. Diary.
3 Folsom’s Saco and Biddeford, p. 199.
54 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

but recovering a little, he added, “ Let me kill one before I
die.” His strength, however, failed him ere he could get
his gun to his shoulder, and he sank down and expired.

In 1708 the General Court passed an order directing the
removal of the forces from the stone fort at Saco Falls
(Biddeford) to Winter Harbor, where a new fort was
built on the extremity of the point at the entrance of the
Pool. Three hundred pounds were appropriated for this
object, and Joseph Hammond and Capt. Lewis Bane were
appointed to carry the order into effect. In 1710 one hun-
dred pounds were granted by the court for the completion
of the fortification, which was called Fort Mary. A supply
of snow-shoes and moccasins was voted at the same time.
The point where this fort stood is still called Fort Hill.

In August of that year about fifty French and Indians
made an assault on Winter Harbor, killed a woman, and
took two men, one of whom, Pendleton Fletcher, was cap-
tured for the fourth time. The garrison redeemed him.
The next week a large party came, killed three and carried
away six. They barbarously stripped off the skin from one
of the slain, and made girdles of it. Col. Walton, with
one hundred and seventy men, soon after visited the place
and marched up the Saco River, but succeeded in destroy-
ing only two of the enemy and taking five prisoners. Corp.
Ayers, of Fort Mary, about this time fell into the hands
of the savages, but was liberated immediately, the Indians
being weary of the war, which had reduced the number of
their fighting men nearly one-half. They, therefore, sent a
flag of truce to the fort and desired a treaty. But some of
them committed depredations afterwards in Wells, York,
Kittery, and Dover, N. H..

The year 1712 was, indeed, more calamitous and eventful
to the people of Maine than several of the preceding years
had been. About twenty-six persons were killed, wounded,
and taken prisoners in York, Kittery, and Wells. The
enemy first appeared at York, and in April or May shot
Samuel Webber, between the village and Cape Neddick.
Another party fell upon several men with teams in Wells,
when three were killed and as many wounded. Among
those who fell was Lieut. Littlefield, a brave and valuable
man, whose death was deeply lamented.* He had for a
long time commanded the militia company of his town, and
was a skillful engineer, especially in waterworks. He had
been taken a prisoner four years before, carried to Canada,
and lately ransomed from his captivity. The Indians soon
after were bold and daring enough to penetrate into the
heart of the town, where they caught and hurried away two
of its inhabitants with fiendish shouts of triumph. The
repetition of these desperate adventures was enough to
wither every hope and fill every heart with despair. No
age, no condition, no place could enjoy the least rest or
security. One boy was killed and another taken about this
time at Spruce Creek, in Kittery.

As a scouting party was marching from the garrison in
York towards Cape Neddick, May 14th, it was assailed by
a body of thirty French and Indians. Nalton, the sergeant,
was shot, and seven others seized and confined. The com-
mander and others retreated and fought till they arrived at

 

 

* Supposed to be the same Josiah Littlefield who represented Wells
in the General Court in 1710.

 

a great rock, which sheltered them from the fire and fury
of their pursuers, and cnabled them to keep their ground
till relieved by Capt. Willard and a“ flying guard” from
the fort. Every motion and movement of the inhabitants
seemed to lie under the inspection of a lurking, malignant
foe. John Pickernell, at Spruce Creek, was shot June Ist,
as he was locking his door, on the way with his family to
the garrison; his wife was wounded and a child scalped.
Seven weeks after this a man was killed at Berwick,
another at Wells, and a negro taken captive.

The last memorable skirmish which occurred in York
County (and indeed in Maine) before the close of this ter-
rible war, happened in the autumn of 1712, at Wells. It
was on the wedding-day of Capt Wheelwright’s daughter.
A considerable number of guests were present, some of
whom had attended Mr. Plaisted, the bridegroom, from
Portsmouth. When the marriage ceremonies were over,
and the attendants were preparing to depart, they were
informed that two of their horses were missing and could
not be found. Several proceeded immediately in search of
them, two of whom were shot down a few rods from the
house, and others seized by the savages. Alarmed at the
report of guns, Capts. Lane, Robinson, and Heard dis-
patched twelve men from the garrison across lots to meet or
intercept the assailants, while they themselves, in company
with Mr. Plaisted and his friends, mounted the bridled
horses and gave them whip and rein in pursuit. In a few
minutes these all fell into an ambush; Robinson was killed
on the spot, the rest were dismounted, yet every one of them,
except Plaisted, effected an escape. Plaisted was, however,
in a few days, ransomed by his father, though the crafty
savages required him to pay over three hundred pounds.t

This was the last act of savage barbarity in the county
during the war. The treaty of Utrecht, which made peace
between England and France, was signed March 30, 1713.
The Indians, who had long been impatient for peace, but
whose resentment had been kept alive by the French long
after they were heartily sick of the war, now hastened to
make peace with the English. By request of the sagamores,
presented through Capt. Samuel Moody, of Falmouth, the
Governor appointed a conference, to be held at Portsmouth
on the 11th of July, at which the chiefs of the different
tribes appeared and signed a treaty of perpetual peace and
amity. Although they had inflicted terrible ravages upon
the settlements, they themselves had been great sufferers by
the war. More than a third of their fighting men had,
within the ten years, wasted away or been killed, and pro-
bably an equal or a greater portion of their women and
children. The warriors of the Abenagues and Etechemins
—the two most powerful tribes—had been reduced to three
hundred, while three tribes—the Wowenocks, Sokokis, and
Anasagunticooks—had lost their separate tribal distinction,
and become mixed or blended with St. Frangois and others.
The force of the natives appeared in a great measure broken
and their leaders disheartened.

 

+ 3 Mass. Hist. Coll., p. 140.
CIVIL AFFAIRS UNDER THE CHARTER OF 1691. 55

CHAPTER XIV.
CIVIL AFFAIRS UNDER THE CHARTER OF 1691.

Territorial Extent of Maine—Government Formed under the Charter
—Officers Appointed and Elected—Representation of the Towns in
York County—Revision of the Judiciary System—Probate, Chan-

cery, and Admiralty Courts Established—Militia Laws—Religious
Toleration—Education,

Havine followed the history of the struggle with the
French and Indians up to the peace of Utrecht, July 30,
1713, we are now prepared to go back a few years and con-
sider the civil affairs of the province under the charter of
William and Mary. This famous instrument was granted
to the colony of Massachusetts on the 7th of October,
1691. It was brought over by Sir William Phips, the first
royal Governor under its provisions, and went into effect on
the 14th of May, 1692.

By this charter the province of Maine, as to its terri-
torial limits, was made to extend from the Piscataqua to
the Kennebec, and all east of that, including Nova Scotia,
was the province of Sagadahock. In 1696, Massachusetts
surrendered the government of Nova Scotia to the crown,
and at the peace of Utrecht it became a British province,
which it has remained ever since.

The charter provided that three members of the Council
—which was the upper house in the legislative body—
should always be taken from the province of Maine, and
one from Sagadahock. The whole number of councilors
were at first by name inserted in the charter, and were
charter members, to hold their places until the election in
May, 1693. Those for Maine were Job Alcock, Samuel
Donnell, and Samuel Hayman; and for Sagadahock, Sil-
vanus Davis. Mr. Alcock and Mr. Donnell were both resi-
dents of York, and both were afterwards for some time
justices of the Inferior Court, or Common Pleas. Mr.
Alcock was one of the ancient, most respectable, and wealthy
men of his town, and had been commander of the militia
twenty years before; nevertheless, being somewhat ad-
vanced in years, he was never re-chosen to fill a position
in the Council. Mr. Donnell was elected the next year,
and once subsequently. He also represented his town two
years in the House. Mr. Hayman, having an oversight
and interest in public affairs at Berwick, received this
mark of distinction on account of his personal worth; yet,
owing probably to his short residence in Maine, he is not
known to have been a member of the Council after the
expiration of his charter term, nor to have filled any other
public office in the province. Mr. Davis was a gentleman
of good capacity and great fidelity. He had been an in-
habitant of Arrowsic, and in superintending the interests of
Clark and Lake upon that island and in the vicinity had
acquired an eminent character for integrity, business enter-
prise, and prudence When that island was laid waste he
removed to Falmouth, and was there in command of the
garrison when it was attacked and taken by the combined
force of French and Indians on the 20th of May, 1690.
Mr. Davis was taken prisoner, and was twenty-four days
marching through the country to Quebec, where he re-
mained four months, and was exchanged on the 15th of
October for a Frenchman who had been taken by Sir Wil-

 

liam Phips.* Mr. Davis was a worthy member of the
Council, and elected to the same body the next year.

In the places of Messrs. Alcock and Heyman, Francis
Hooke and Charles Frost were elected in 1693. They had
been members of President Danforth’s Council, and were
two of the most popular and useful men in the province.
In the first Inferior Court, or Common Pleas, they were
both judges, and Mr. Hooke was two years judge of probate
in Yorkshire, or the county of York. In 1694, they were
re-elected. ‘The same year the places of Messrs. Donnell
and Davis were filled by Mr. Samuel Wheelwright, of Wells,
son of Rev. John Wheelwright, the original and principal
proprietary settler of that town, and Mr. Joseph Lynde,
who was a non-resident proprietor of lands in Sagadahock.t
He lived in Boston, and was province treasurer. The Sa-
gadahock territory was represented in the Council by a non-
resident landholder, with a few exceptions, through a period
of sixty or seventy years. When elected, and before taking
the qualifying oath, he usually made affidavit at the Board
that he was a proprietor of lands in said province.

The council was annually chosen on the day of general elec-
tion in May, by the members of the Board and the new House
of Representatives assembled in convention, and if any va-
cancies happened during the political year they were filled in
the same way by the two branches united. Seven formed a
quorum for the transaction of business, the Board being
both a co-ordinate branch of the General Court and an
advisory Council of the Governor. When the offices of
Governor and Lieutenant-Governor were vacant, all acts of
executive power were exercised by a majority of the whole
Council, and there have been instances, especially in the
Revolution, when commissions were signed by fifteen coun-
cilors.

The other branch of the General Court, called the House,
was constituted of deputies, or representatives, elected by
incorporated towns. Governor Phips, for the first time,
issued warrants, May 20, 1692, to every town “to choose
two and no more,” and appointed a session on the 8th of
June, when one hundred and fifty-three were returned. In
this Legislature eight appeared from Maine, or Yorkshire,
viz., two from each of the towns, as follows: Kittery, James
Emery and Benjamin Hodson; York, Jeremiah Moulton
and M. Turfrey; Wells, Eliab Hutchinson and John
Wheelwright; Isles of Shoals, Roger Kelley and William
Lakeman. Subsequent to the first year, the Isles of Shoals
were never represented in the General Court, nor did any
town in Maine afterwards for sixty years return at the same
time more than a single member to the House. Some of
the towns were always represented during that period, ex-
cept in 1697. The whole delegation from the province in
any single year never exceeded ten or eleven. The entire
number in the House for the first ten years was usually
between sixty and eighty, never, till 1735, exceeding a hun-
dred members. Forty constituted a quorum for doing bus-
iness; every one was entitled to a daily compensation of
three shillings for his attendance, but was finable five shil-
lings if absent a day without leave.

 

* Report of Capt. Davis, on file in Massachusetts office of State.
‘+The charter did not require councilors for that province to be
residents, if they were proprietors of lands there.
56 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

Kittery was represented in 1693 by James Emery; in
1694, by William Screvens; in 1695, by James Emery,
again; in 1696, by John Shapleigh, and in 1698, by Rich-
ard Cutts. York and Wells, united, were represented in
1694 by Ezekiel Rogers, Jr.; and, in 1698, Abraham
Preble represented York alone. Any one twenty-one years
of age, worth forty pounds sterling, or a freehold which
would yield an annual income of forty shillings, was entitled
to vote. Every town having thirty votes and upwards
could return one representative; one hundred and twenty
voters, two; having less than thirty, it might unite with
the adjoining town in the election of a representative.

The General Court, consisting of both legislative bodies,
had full powers to establish, with or without penalties, all
wholesome and reasonable laws, statutes, ordinances, and
orders not repugnant to those of England; to name and
settle annually all civil officers whose appointment was not
otherwise provided for, and to levy taxes needful for the
support of the government and the protection of the people.
But all orders, laws, statutes, and ordinances had to be
transmitted by the first opportunity after enactment to the
king for his approval under the royal signature. Hence
the laws under this system were denominated the statutes
of the reigning monarch who approved them, as, for example,
“the Statutes of William and Mary,” “the Statutes of
Queen Anne,” ete. <A law, however, not approved by the
king and Privy Council within three years, became of full
force by the lapse of time. The necessity of transmitting
the laws across the ocean, and submitting them to the criti-
cism and liability of rejection of the royal board, made the
legislators exceedingly careful to pass good laws, and re-
stricted the number of them to a very moderate quantity
compared with those made in later years. But to avoid
transmitting every minor act, the General Court often acted
by Resolves, and thus introduced a practice in legislation
still continued more or less.

Among the first things done by the General Court under
the new charter was to effect a thorough revision of the
whole judiciary system. In the reorganization five judi-
cial tribunals were established, viz., a Supreme Court,
Common Pleas, Quarter Sessions of the Peace, and Jus-
tices Courts; afterwards Probate, Chancery, and Admiralty
Courts. We give the following synopsis of these courts
as furnished by Williamson in his “ History of Maine :”

1. The Superior Court consisted of one chief justice and
four puisne or side judges, any three of whom formed a
quorum. It was a tribunal of law and justice in all civil
and criminal cases through the province, and of assize and
general jail-delivery in each county. But the statute
establishing it was not approved by the crown till nearly
three years had elapsed, so that none of the judges, except
the chief justice, was permanently commissioned till 1695,
nor before Governor Phips’ return to England. In the
mean time the jurisdictional powers of this tribunal were
exercised by special commissioners of Oyer and Terminer,
one of which, for instance, was issued by the Governor,
June 2, 1692, to try witches. But after the statute took
effect, it was found in its practical operations not to be
sufficiently broad and explicit; and another was passed in
1699, which gave the court a jurisdiction of all matters

 

civil and criminal, including appeals from the lower courts,
reviews and writs of error, as fully to every intent as the
courts of Kings Bench, Common Pleas, and Exchequer,
had within the kingdom of England. The judges were
appointed in 1695, and held terms in most of the counties
twice every year. In June the sessions of the court were
held in Yorkshire, and the shire town till the close of the
second Indian war was Kittery, subsequently York.

The chief justice of this court was William Stoughton,
first Lieutenant-Governor under the charter, a graduate of
Harvard in 1650, appointed chief justice in 1695, and held
the office till 1700. The judges were Thomas Danforth,
late president of Maine, appointed judge in 1695, and held
the office till his death, 1699; Elisha Cook, an eminent
physician of Boston, appointed in 1695, and left the bench
in 1702; Samuel Sewall, of Newberry, graduate of Har-
vard College in 1671, put on special commission in 1692,
appointed judge in 1695, chief justice in 1718, and left the
bench in 1728; Wait Winthrop, appointed in 1696, and
left the bench in 1717. Each judge’s pay was a grant of
£40 a year till 1700, when it was raised to £50.*

2, An Inferior Court, or Common Pleas, was established
in each county, consisting of four judges, who had cogni-
zance of all civil actions arising within its limits triable at
the common law. The statute constituting this court was
also revised in 1699, but not essentially altered. The first
bench of judges commissioned in Yorkshire, now commonly
called the County of York, were Job Alcock, Francis
Hooke, Charles Frost, and Samuel Wheelwright. The
high-sheriff was Joseph Curtis. The terms in this county
were holden at York on the first Tuesdays of April and
July, and at Wells on the first Tuesdays of January and
October. Appeals lay from the decisions of this court to
next Superior Court sitting in the same county.

3. The Court of General Quarter Sessions of the Peace
was holden by the justices of the peace within the county
at the same time and place as the Court of Common Pleas.
Tt had authority to determine all matters relating to the
conservation of the peace, and punishment of offenders cog-
nizable by them according to law. But it being a needless
expense for all the justices in the county to meet four times
a year to try a few minor offenses, the number was made
by the revising statute of 1699 to consist only of those
justices named in the commissions. Appeals were allowed
from this tribunal to the Superior Court, the appellant
being put under recognizance to prosecute the cause, to file
his reasons, to produce copies of the process and of the
evidence adduced at the trial.

4, Justices of the peace were civil officers known under
the charter of Gorges, but never hitherto in the colony of
Massachusetts, the assistants acting as justices through
the jurisdiction. A considerable number was now ap-
pointed and commissioned for each county by the Governor
with the advice of the Council. They were to hold their
office during good behavior. Each one had jurisdiction
in all civil causes to the amount of forty shillings, and of
all crimes so far as to commit or recognize to a higher tribu-
nal all heinous offenses, and to punish such, as assaults and

 

* Massachusetts Records, p. 391.
CIVIL AFFAIRS UNDER THE CHARTER OF 1691. 57

 

batteries, violations of the Sabbath, gambling, drunkenness,
profanity, and breaches of the peace, either by the stocks,
cage, a fine of twenty shillings, or stripes not exceeding
ten.

5. Probate business until the colony charter was va-
cated was transacted in the County Court. But in 1687,
amidst the changes in government, Joshua Scottow, of
Scarborough, was commissioned judge, and his son Thomas,
a young graduate of Harvard College, was appointed dep-
uty recorder for Yorkshire. Under the new charter, a
judge and register of probate were commissioned by the
executive for each county, to hold office during good be-
havior. In York County, in 1693, Francis Hooke was
appointed judge, and John Wincoln register. Any ap-
peal made from this court went directly to the Governor
and Council.

6. A Court of Chancery was established, with powers to
hear all matters of equity not relievable by common law.
It was held at Boston by three commissioners, assisted by
five masters in chancery, all of whom were appointed by
the Governor and Council.

7. There was likewise an American Vice-Admiralty
Court, and Wait Winthrop was appointed judge for New
England and New York, by the crown, May 22,1699. The
successive judges were Messrs. Atwood, Mempeson, Na-
thaniel Byfield, John Menzis, Robert Achmuty, and, in
1747, Charles Russell.* Besides this there was a Provin-
cial Judiciary Court of Admiralty held by the Governor and
Council, sitting with the judge of the American Vice-Ad-
miralty Court and the Secretary of State, for the trial of
piracies and other crimes committed on the high seas.

From any decision of the Provincial Courts, in any per-
sonal action wherein the matter in difference exceeded
three hundred pounds sterling, the charter allowed an ap-
peal to the king and Council of England.

To revise and regulate the militia a statute was passed
in 1693, which directed all the male inhabitants between
sixteen and sixty years of age, other than those exempt by
the law, to be enrolled and to do military duty four days in
a year; who were all to be armed and equipped with a fire-
lock and its appendages, furnished at their own expense.
They were organized by the captain-general and com-
mander-in-chief into companies severally of sixty men, and
classed into regiments, whose musters were directed to be
triennial. All military officers of and above an ensign’s
rank, the commander-in-chief appointed and commissioned
without the advice of the Council, and all under that rank
were appointed by the captains. On any alarm given—
which was understood to be a discharge of three euns in
succession at measured intervals—all the soldiers in the
same town were required, under heavy penalties, to convene
in arms at the usual place of rendezvous, and await the
orders of their officers. No officer could quarter or billet a
soldier upon any other inhabitant than an inn-keeper with-
out his consent.

Liberty of conscience in the worship of God was granted
to all Christians by the charter, except Papists, or Roman
Catholics. No attempt to legalize the old platform of church

government met. with any favor, nor would the General
Court, after this period, be persuaded to interfere in any
ecclesiastical disputes, otherwise than to recommend an ar-
bitrament or compromise. ‘To every church, with the ex-
ception named, was given and secured by law all its rights
and privileges in worship and discipline. The reason why
the Catholics were not protected was, that the struggle
against the French in England and America at that time
was over the very question of Catholic rule, and a feeling of
strong animosity existed against them, both in the cabinet
of William, the Protestant king, and on the part of the peti-
tioners for the charter. It was too much to expect that
either party would be willing to grant free toleration to their
open and avowed enemies.

While this famous charter guaranteed the rights of reli-
gion, it also provided for what was deemed scarcely less in
importance, as the bulwark of justice and liberty, and the
safeguard of good government, viz., education. While
each town was required by law—a provision which was in-
serted in each new grant for a colony or plantation—to
supply itself with an able, learned, and orthodox minister
as conveniently as practicable, and lots of land were required
to be set off for the first minister who would venture into
the new settlement, and for the support and maintenance
of a constant ministry, they manifested equal care and zeal
for the support of schools. Not only was a portion of land
set off in each new settlement for educational purposes, but
a law was passed making every town of fifty householders
finable that failed to employ a schoolmaster constantly ;
and when the town embraced twice that number of families,
it was required to employ an instructor capable of teaching
the sciences and learned languages, or to support a grammar
school. Hence it was that many of the liberally educated
at Harvard and other colleges, who found their way into
the new settlements, paved the way for professional life and
for distinction in public affairs, by first being school-teachers.
The names of many distinguished citizens of Maine, at a
later day, such as David Wyer, Rev. Dr. Edward Payson,
Theophilus Bradbury, Judge Freeman, Judge Frothing-
ham, and Theophilus Parsons, afterwards the learned chief
justice of Massachusetts, who were a portion of their lives
teachers of these grammar schools.}

Without going further into details, it may be remarked
that the political axioms of this period, drawn up in a
statute, or bill of rights, was passed in 1692, showing in a
peculiar manner the sentiment, sense, and intelligence of
the federative community. By these no one might be
despoiled of his liberties or rights, except by the judgment
of his peers or the laws of the land. Justice shall never
be sold, denied, nor deferred; nor shall any one be twice
tried or sentenced for the same offense. All trials shall be
by juries of twelve men, or by prior established laws. Bail
shall always be allowed, except in cases of treason and in
capital felonies; wherein reasonable challenges shall be
granted at the trials. Writs of habeas corpus shall never
be prohibited, nor shall any tax be levied or laid upon the
people without an act of the Legislature. Such was the bill
which was refused approval by the crown, because the Eng-

 

* 1 Douglas Summ., p. 494.

 

} History of Schools of Portland.
58 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

lish ministry foresaw that it would be a security against
taxation by Parliament.

The administration of Sir William Phips continued only
about two years and a half. He embarked for London,
Nov. 17, 1694, where he died the ensuing February. In
his administration of the government he sought to promote
the best interests of Maine, the province of his nativity.

CHAPTER XV.

PROGRESS OF SETTLEMENTS AFTER THE WAR.

Towns Resettled—Civil Affairs—Committee of Claims and Settle-
ments—Councilors and Representatives—Revival of the Superior
Court—Trouble with the Indians—Depreciation of the Curreney—

Retirement of Governor Shute. ‘

THE close of the war began to witness a fresh revival of
settlements and public and private business. On the 9th
of June, 1713, a new town was added to the list of those
in York County by the incorporation of all that portion of
Kittery above Thompson’s Brook into a municipality by
the name of Berwick. Ministers began to return to their
scattered flocks, and parishes to be revived. This year the
General Court ordered the resettlement of five towns ; these
were Saco, Scarborough, Falmouth, North Yarmouth, and
one on Arrowsic Island. The next year, 1714, these towns
became inhabited by several returning families, to which
accessions were annually made until they were enabled to
resume their municipal privileges. The settlement of Saco
was so rapid that in 1717 the inhabitants exhibited a com-
pact hamlet at Winter Harbor, and to encourage their zeal
in settling among them Rev. Mr. Short as their minister,forty
pounds were annually granted them out of the provincial
treasury, for four or five years, in aid of his support.

Scarborough, prior to 1714, had been without inhabitants
about ten years. The settlement of the town was recom-
menced at Black Point, and was immediately followed by
other settlements at Blue Point and Dunstan. In Decem-
ber, 1719, a town-meeting was held, and the next year the
records, which had been preserved in Boston, were safely
returned. The number of families resettled at that time was
about thirty. In 1727 a Congregational Church was formed,
and Rev. William Thompson settled over them as pastor.

None of the desolated towns were resettled earlier or
more rapidly than ancient Falmouth. The scattered in-
habitants began slowly to return in 1709, and several dilapi-
dated cottages upon the Neck were repaired so as to be ren-
dered habitable. The first new framed house was erected
by George Ingersoll, about 1714. To encourage the settlers
the General Court, it 1716, granted them twenty pounds.
At this time there were twenty families settled upon the
Peninsula. In 1727 they built a meeting-house and settled
their first regular parish minister, Rev. Thomas Smith.

The resettlement of North Yarmouth was delayed several
years, and Cape Porpoise became the town which had a
simultaneous revival with those just mentioned. Though
it had never before its destruction compared with its neigh-
bors in wealth and popalation, it had been inhabited by a

1700.

 

bold and resolute people, and on the 5th of June, 1718,
the town was re-established by the name of Arundel, in
honor of the Duke of Arundel, who was a member of the
Plymouth Council. In 1723 it was represented in the Gen-
eral Court by Alanson Brown, its first deputy to that body.

The Committee of Claims and Settlement, in 1715, con-
sisted of two councilors, John Wheelwright and Ichabod
Plaisted, of Maine, and six members of the House,—Oliver
Haynes, Edward Hutchinson, Adam Winthrop, Samuel
Phips, Lewis Bane, and John Leighton.

Mr. Joseph Hammod, of Kittery, was one of the mem-
bers of the Council from Maine from 1700 to 1709, the
date of his death. He was also one of the judges of the
Common Pleas, and a man of great integrity and worth,
whom the people held in high estimation. He left a son of
the same name, the worthy inheritor of his virtues, who
first represented his town in the Legislature in 1711, and
in 1718 was chosen to the Council, of which he was a
member twelve years.

Mr. Ichabod Plaisted was a member of the Council from
1706 till his death. He was the grandson of Roger
Plaisted, and the father of Samuel Plaisted, who died
March 20, 1731, aged thirty-six years. Mr. Plaisted lived
in Berwick, where he died Nov. 16, 1715, at the age of
fifty-two, deeply lamented. No other name in the province
of Maine had been more distinguished for military intre-
pidity than that of Mr. Plaisted, and he was also an honored
judge of the Court of Common Pleas for several years.

Mr. John Wheelwright was a member of the Council
twenty-five years. He resided in Wells, probably upon the
patrimonial estate of his grandfather, Rev. John Wheel-
wright, who was one of the original settlers of the town in
1643, and of his father, Samuel Wheelwright, who was a
member of the Council six years, from 1694. He died in
John, the grandson, was first elected in 1708, and
was a member till 1734. He was also a judge of the Com-
mon Pleas many years, and a gentleman of talents, merit,
and distinction. He died in 1745.

With the exception of one year, in which Mr. John
Leverett was councilor, Mr. Joseph Lynde continued, by
annual re-election, to hold his place in the Council from
Sagadahock till 1716.

On the memorial of the councilors and representatives
from Maine, the General Court, June 5, 1711, revived the
annual term of the Superior Court, appointed by law to be
held at Kittery, for the county of York, which for six or
seven years prior, by reason of the war, had been entirely
suspended. This was followed the next year by a settle-
ment of the county treasurer’s accounts, a speedy return of
order, and the regular administration of law and justice.

This continued without interruption till 1722. In that
year another town was added to the number of those
already re-established. At the session of the General
Court, in May, a petition was presented by John Smith
and other proprietors of North Yarmouth, praying that the
township might be re-established and suitable persons ap-
pointed to revive and manage the resettlement, in place of
the trustees who had been appointed under President Dan-
forth. Accordingly, William Tailer, Elisha Cooke, William
Dudley, John Smith, and John Powell were appointed
FOURTH INDIAN WAR. 59

 

trustees, who held their meetings in Boston for five years,
but afterwards within the township. The heirs or assigns
of Gendall, Royall, Lane, Sheppard, and a few others held
their old lands, otherwise no regard was paid to the orig-
inal ‘allotments or to quit-rents. The town had laid waste
since it was destroyed by the Indians in 1688, eight years
after it was first established. The records, which had been
preserved in Charlestown, were returned, and the municipal
government re-established. The town was laid out in a
compact square of one hundred and sixty lots of ten acres
each, so as to be more easily defended from attacks by the
Indians. A fort was built and occupied by a small garri-
son. ‘The progress of settlement was not rapid, yet it was
such that within the next eight years a meeting-house was
built, and Rev. Ammi R. Cutter, the first resident minister,
was settled among them. He continued till his death, in
1763, and was succeeded by Rev. Edward Brooks, and he
by Rev. T. Gilman, in 1769, who died in 1809. The next
minister was Rev. F. Brown, afterwards president of Dart-
mouth College.

This was the last effort made for several years to effect a
new settlement in the province. Within the same year
trouble again broke out with the French and Indians. The
Governor, also, was not in harmonious relations with the
House, and the currency of the country was very much
depreciated. Large loans of paper money, made by statute
order of the Legislature on pledge of lands, became oppres-
sive to debtors. In 1719 it was ascertained by the Com-
missioners of York County—Messrs. Preble, Leighton,
Came, and Plaisted—that this county had received loans
to the amount of one hundred thousand pounds; yet they
were to be discharged upon the payment in specie of fifty
pounds, nineteen shillings, and nine pence.* Such was
the depreciation of the paper currency. "The hard times
occasioned by it was one chief cause of the resignation of
Governor Shute, in 1722. He had expected an established
salary of one thousand pounds a year, whereas he was
allowed only an annual stipend of five hundred pounds in de-
preciated currency,—less, in fact, than two hundred pounds
sterling. There had been a late instance when he could
not so much as obtain a vote of the House to give an In-
dian tribe ten pounds, though it were for the purpose of
perpetuating peace. At length, tired of controversy, with-
out popularity, pleasure, or emolument, he suddenly formed
the resolution of retiring, which he did, and in December
embarked for England. He had been Governor six years
and two months. His administration, though not popular,
was not wholly unsuccessful.

CHAPTER XVI.

FOURTH INDIAN WAR.

All the Eastern Tribes Engaged—Measures of Defense—Indians Seize
and Arm English Vessels—Destruction of Norridgewock—Death
of Father Rale—Expedition of Captain Lovell—Desperate Battle
with the Sokokis—Dummer’s Treaty signed at Falmouth.

Tue period from 1722 to the winter of 1726 was one of
constant war with the Indians. All the eastern tribes were

# Massachusetts Records, 1719.

 

engaged in the struggle. Although the French did not
appear openly in this war, for fear of violating the treaty
between the two nations, yet they zealously worked in secret
by means of their priests and agents to incite the Indians
to an attempt to dispossess the English of the lands which
had been conveyed by their sagamores, and to either exter-
minate the white settlements or restrict them to a portion
of the country in the western part of the province. In an
interview, in 1724, the sagamores told the commissioners of
Massachusetts that “ if the English would abolish all their
forts, remove one mile westward of the Saco River, rebuild
their church at Norridgewock, and restore to them their
missionary father, they would be brothers again.” In the
former treaty they had conveyed their lands to the English,
and agreed to become British subjects. But they little un-
derstood the import of these acts. The Indians supposed
that all the conveyance which a sagamore intended to give
was merely the consent of his people for the whites to occupy
the lands in common with themselves; whereas the English
believed that all their rights to the land were entirely extin-
guished upon the Androscoggin, the Kennebec, and other
rivers of which the sagamores had given deeds. This con-
troversy could only be settled in blood and the extermina-
tion of the inferior race, as it has been settled over nearly
the entire continent. The Indians, foreseeing that such must
be the result of the struggle if they yielded to the English,
resolved to unite their strength and make one more deter-
mined effort to retain their country aud the graves of their
fathers. Eivery effort to conciliate them now proved fruit-
less, and the war broke out on the 13th of June, 1722.

At this time a party of sixty Canibas and Anasagunti-
cooks landed, in twenty canoes, on the northern shore of
Merrymeeting Bay, and took nine families. At Damaris-
cove, in North Yarmouth, they boarded a fishing-vessel,
and when they had pinioned Lieut. Tilton and his brother,
unmercifully beat the commander. They next made an
attack upon Fort St. George, burnt a sloop, and took sev-
eral prisoners. They, however, in the siege lost twenty of
their men, and on account of the heavy rains were obliged
to discontinue. Soon after, they set fire to the village of
Brunswick, which was reduced to ashes. On the 12th of
July they made an attack upon Casco; the Hnglish were
driven into the garrison, but at night the Indians were pur-
sued by Capt. Starman, and several of them killed. On the
25th of July the General Court declared war against the
eastern Indians as the king’s enemies, and as traitors and
robbers. A force of one thousand men was raised, two
armed vessels and several whaleboats brought into the ser-
vice. These men were distributed as follows: one hundred
at York, thirty at Falmouth, twenty at North Yarmouth,
ten at Maquoit, twenty-five at Arrowsic, and twenty-five at
Richmond fort. A large force was appointed to range per-
petually between the Penobscot and Kennebec, and to de-
stroy the strongholds of the Indians. Bounties of sixty
pounds, afterwards raised to one hundred pounds, were
awarded for Indian scalps, and other vigorous measures
entered into. Command of the forces was given first to Col.
Walton, and afterwards to Col. Thomas Westbrook, who
made an expedition to the Penobscot, destroying considera-
ble Indian property.
60 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

In April an attack was made on Falmouth, and Sergt.
Chubb, being taken for the commander of the garrison, was
pierced by eleven balls. In May two men were killed in
Berwick, one in Wells, and two on their way from that
town to York. On the 19th of April and 26th of June the
garrison-house of Roger Deering, in Scarborough, was sur-
prised ; his wife, two of the inhabitants, and two soldiers
were killed. Also, John Hunnewell, Robert Jordan, Mary
Scamman, and Deering’s three children, while picking ber-
ries, were seized and carried into captivity. Five Indians,
in August, entered the field of Dominicus Jordan, a princi-
pal inhabitant of Saco, fired at him and wounded him in
three places. He, however, protected himself with his gun,
retreating backwards, while they were reloading, and made
his escape to the fort.

The Indians again appeared at Arrowsic, and beset the
garrison, still commanded by Capt. Penhallow. Turning
away suddenly, they made three of the inhabitants pris-
oners, as they were driving their cows to pasture, nor did
they leave the island until they had killed a large number
of cattle. At Purpooduck, May 27th, a party killed a man
and wounded another; and about the same time David
Hill, a friendly Indian, was shot at Saco. Afterwards the
savages for a month or more withdrew from Maine to New
Hampshire and the frontier settlements eastward. Never-
theless, a party of twenty-five fell upon the garrison at
Spurwink, July 17th, and killed Solomon Jordan at their
first approach, as he was stepping out of his gate. This
was a timely alarm. The next morning the enemy re-
treated, pursued by Lieut. Bane, from the fort, attended by
about thirty men, who, overtaking the Indians, obtained
one scalp, which commanded a bounty of one hundred
pounds to the pursuers.

So well prepared this year were most of the places as-
sailed that the savages obtained comparatively little booty.
They thcrefore rushed down upon the sea-coast and under-
took to seize upon all the vessels they could find in the east-
ern harbors. New to them as this kind of enterprise was,
they were in a few weeks in possession of twenty-two vessels
of various descriptions, two of which were shallops taken at
the Isles of Shoals, eight fishing-vessels, found at the Fox
Island thoroughfare, one a large schooner armed with two
swivels, and the others prizes taken at different places. In
these successful feats of piracy they killed twenty-two men,
and retained a still greater number prisoners. These were
generally the skippers and best sailors, whom they compelled
to serve on their motley fleet, and, supplying themselves with
armed Mickmacks from Cape Sable, they became a terror
to all the vessels which sailed along the eastern shores.

One of the most noted events of the year 1724 was the
destruction of the Indian settlement at Norridgewock, and
the death of Father Rale, the Jesuit priest, who had long
resided there, and whose influence in instigating the Indians
to hostilities against the English settlers was well known.
He had, indeed, been the chief agent by whom the Gov-
ernor of Canada had kept the animosity of the savages in
a continual blaze, and in his religious teaching, which ex-
erted a strong influence over them, he had inculcated doc-
trines which aroused their deepest passions and prejudices.
For these reasons Norridgewock was singled out for de-

 

struction. The execution was committed to a detach-
ment of two hundred and eight men, divided into four
companies, commanded respectively by Capts. Moulton, Har-
mon, Bourne, and Bane. They left Richmond fort on the
19th of August, and ascended the Kennebec River in seven-
teen whale-boats, arriving about noon on the 22d in sight of
the village. Here the detachment was divided,—Capt. Har-
nion taking sixty men and going off towards the mouth of
Sandy River, where smoke was seen, and it was supposed
that some of the Indians were at work in their corn-fields,
and Capt, Moulton forming his men into three nearly equal
bands, and proceeding directly upon the village. All the
Indians were in their wigwams, when one happening to
step out, glanced around and discovered the English close
upon them. He instantly gave the war-whoop and ran in
for his gun. The amazement and consternation of the
whole village were now exhibited; the warriors, about sixty
in all, seized their guns and fired at the assailants, but in
their tremor and excitement they overshot them, and not a
A discharge was instantly returned, which
did effectual execution. The Indians fired a second volley
without breaking Moulton’s ranks. Then, rushing to the
river, they tried to escape. The stream at this season was
only about sixty feet wide, and in no place more than
six feet deep. A few jumped into their canoes, but for-
getting to take their paddles, were in a hopeless dilemma;
and all, especially the old men, women, and children, fled
in every direction. The soldiers shot them in their flight
to the woods, upon the water, and wherever they could
bring their guns to bear upon them. About fifty landed
upon the opposite side, and about one hundred and fifty
more effected their escape into the thickets, where they
could not be followed.

The pursuers then returned to the village, where they
found the Jesuit in one of the wigwams firing upon a few
of the English, who had not followed the escaping fugitives.
He had with him in the wigwam an English boy, fourteen
years of age, who had been a prisoner six months. This
boy he shot through the thigh, as Harmon states upon
oath, and afterwards stabbed in the body, though he finally
recovered. Moulton had given orders to spare the life of
Raie, but Jaques, a lieutenant, finding he was firing from
the wigwam and had wounded one of the soldiers, stove open
the door and shot him through the head. As an excuse
for the act, Jaques declared that when he entered the wig-
wam Rale was loading his gun, and declared he would
neither give nor take quarter.

Mogg, an aged and noted chief,* was shut up in another
wigwam, from which he fired and killed one of the three
Mohawks who had accompanied the expedition. This so
enraged his brother that he broke through the door and
shot the old sagamore dead, and the soldiers dispatched his
squaw and children.

The soldiers, posting a strong guard, spent the night in
the wigwams. When it was light, they counted, as two
authors state, twenty-seven, and as a third says, thirty, dead
bodies, including that of the Jesuit and several noted saga-
mores.

man was hurt.

 

 

* A different Indian from the chief known as Mugg, killed near the
close of the first war (see Chap. x.).
FOURTH INDIAN WAR. 61

 

The plunder they brought away consisted of the plate
and furniture of the altar, a few guns, blankets and kettles,
and about three barrels of powder. After leaving the
place, on their march to Teconnet, one of the Mohawks,
either sent back or returning of his own accord, set fire to
the chapel and cottages, and they were all reduced to ashes.
Rale, the Jesuit, had ministered thirty-seven years to the
Indians in this place.* On the 27th the detachment ar-
rived at Fort Richmond without the loss of a man. It was
an exploit exceedingly gratifying to the whole country, and
considered as brilliant as any other in any of the Indian
wars since the fall of King Philip. Harmon, who was
senior in command, proceeded to Boston, where he was
honored with the commission of lieutenant-colonel. In
this bloody event the glory departed from the celebrated
Canibas tribe to return no more. The power and strength
of the tribe were completely broken.

Another expedition of deserved note during this war was
that of Capt. John Lovell against the Sokokis, on the
northern border of York County. Capt. Lovell resided at
Dunstable, where his patriotism, military ardor, and suc-
cess as a leader of expeditions drew to his standard a num-
ber of enthusiastic and determined men, who were ready
to fight the Indians anywhere under his leadership. On
the 15th of April, 1725, he had gathered at Dunstable a
company of forty-six volunteers, well supplied and armed,
and on the 16th they took up their line of march towards
the Ossipee Ponds and the upper branches of the Saco River,
the region and range of the remaining Sokokis tribe of
Indians. The great bravery of these natives and their
antipathy towards the English were characteristics well
known. Lovell’s lieutenants were Josiah Tarwell and Jon-
athan Robbins; his ensigns, John Harwood and Seth Wy-
man; his chaplain, Jonathan Frye; and his chief pilot,
Toby, an Indian. On their march Toby fell sick and re-
turned. A soldier becoming lame was dismissed, though
with reluctance, and was barely able to get home. An-
other was brought down by fatigue and illness after travel-
ing upwards of a hundred miles, when the captain came
to a halt on the westerly side of the Great Ossipee Pond, in
New Hampshire, ten miles from the west line of Maine.
Here he built a small stockade fort, principally for a place
of retreat in case of any misfortune, and partly for the accom-
modation of the sick man, who was now left, with the sur-
geon and some provisions, under a guard of eight wearied
men.

The number was thus reduced to thirty-four, including
the captain, who, resuming their march, shaped their course
northeastward till they came to the northwesterly margin
of a pond, about twenty-two miles distant from the fort,—
since called Lovell’s, or Saco Pond, which is situated in the
southeasterly part of the present town of Fryeburg. They
had passed by the bend of the Saco River, where it crosses
the line between New Hampshire and Maine and turns
northeastward, leaving the Indian Pequawket village (now
Fryeburg) between one and two miles north of them, and
in the heart of the enemy’s country, at the western corner
of the pond, pitched their camp for the night. Early in

# Charlevoix, iv. p. 120, Paris ed., 1744.

 

the morning, May 8th, they heard the report of a gun, and
discovered a single Indian standing on a point of land a
mile distant, on the easterly side of the pond. They sus-
pected that he was placed there to decoy them, and that
the main body of' the enemy was probably in their front.
After a consultation they decided to march in that direc-
tion. ‘They had traveled about a mile when they met the
Indian they discovered in the morning returning towards
the village. As he passed he did not notice them till he
received their fire; then, instantly returning it, he wounded
Lovell and another man with a charge of small shot.
Ensign Wyman then shot him, and they took his scalp.
Seeing no other enemy they returned towards a place
where they had left their packs on their march up. The
enemy, meantime, having discovered their tracks where
they had crossed the trail leading to the village, and counted
them to ascertain the number of men, had followed on till
they came to the packs, and there lay in ambush, about
fifty in number. The moment Lovell and his men reached
the spot, about ten o’clock a.m., the Indians rose in front
and rear, and surrounding them, rushed upon them with a
horrid yell. The English received the shock with entire
steadiness, returning the fire, and driving the foe several
rods. They rallied again and again, till three rounds had
been fired on each side, during which Capt. Lovell and
eight of his men were killed, and Lieut. Forwell and two
others wounded. Several more of the enemy fell. yet being
superior in numbers, they endeavored to surround the
English. The latter retreated in good order to near the
edge of the pond, where, on their right, was the mouth of
Battle Brook (since so called), and on their left a point of
rocks which extended into the water, their front being shel-
tered by a few pine-trees standing on a sandy beach, partly
covered by a steep bog. Here they maintained the fight
for eight hours against a foe superior in numbers and equal
in courage, being at frequent intervals engaged in front and
flank. At one time a group of savages appeared by their
gestures to be engaged in a powwow, when Ensign Wyman,
secretly approaching, shot the chief actor, and the others
dispersed. Some of the Indians asked the English if they
would have quarter. ‘ Yes,” they replied, “at the muzzles
of our guns.” They were determined to meet a speedy
and honorable death rather than fall into the hands of the
savages, to be tortured or made captives.

Mr. Frye, the chaplain, who was a young man much be-
loved, fought with undaunted courage. About the middle
of the afternoon he received a wound which proved mortal,
but after he had fallen he was heard several times to utter
an audible prayer for the success of his companions.

John Chamberlain, a soldier, and Paugus, a noted chief,
both men of undoubted courage and large stature, finding
their guns too foul for proper use, accidentally stepped down
to wash them at the same moment at the brink of the pond.
Standing not far apart, they exchanged a few defying words,
while, without waste of time, they washed their guns. The
chief, as he forced down the bullet, called out to his foe,
“Quick, me kill you now!” “May be not,’”’ said Cham-
berlain, whose gun, by priming itself, gave him the advan-
tage, and in an instant he laid the warrior low.

At night the Indians retired from the battle, leaving the
62 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

bodies of Lovell and his companions unscalped. The best
authorities put the loss of the Indians at forty or fifty.
Penhallow says, “ Forty were said to be killed, and eighteen
more died of their wounds.” Of Lovell’s band ten were
killed, fourteen wounded, and one missing, Five of the
wounded died afterwards. The uninjured ones were only
nine. This battle broke the heart and spirit of the Sokokis,
and they were never able to inflict any more loss and suf-
fering upon the English. Col. Tyng and Capt. White, with
attendants from Dunstable, subsequently went to the spot
and buried the bodies of the fallen heroes at the foot of an
aged pine, on which their names were carved, marking the
place where the battle was fought.

The treaty of peace which closed this war was concluded
at Falmouth, Aug. 6, 1726, and was signed and sealed by
Lieutenant-Governor William Dummer, John Wentworth,
Paul Mascerene, and several provincial councilors, and by
Wenemovet, chief sachem, and twenty-five others of his
associates.

CHAPTER XVIL
WAR BETWEEN FRANCE AND ENGLAND.

The French Seize Nova Scotia—Maine and Massachusetts aroused—
Expedition against Louisbourg Set on Foot—Its Complete Success
—Part taken in it by Men of York County—Sir William Pepperell
—War Declared against the Penobscot Indians—Local Military
Operations—Depredations by the Indians—Dispersion of a French
Fleet—Treaty of Peace.

War again broke out between France and England in
March, 1744, and before the intelligence reached Boston,
the French Governor of Cape Breton had sent eight or nine
hundred men in armed vessels, and seized upon Canseau, in
Nova Scotia, lying immediately across the strait from Louis-
bourg, their stronghold and principal military station upon
the island. Nova Scotia had been in the possession of the
English since the peace of Utrecht, a period of thirty years.
The houses at Canseau were burned by the French, and the
garrison and inhabitants seized and made prisoners. This
was followed by an attack upon Annapolis, the seat and
garrison of the English Governor, who, not yet apprised of
the taking of Canseau, was beset on the 30th of May by
about three hundred Indians, led on by M. Luttre, a French
missionary, who boldly demanded a surrender. But the
Governor refused to capitulate, and immediately sent an ex-
press to Governor Shirley requesting assistance. Meanwhile,
Duvivier the Governor of Cape Breton, arriving with his
forses, joined Luttre, and they both invested the place till
July 3d, when a reinforcement of four companies from
Massachusetts compelled them to retire. During the siege
they had surprised and killed as many of the English as
could be caught without the fort, and had killed their eat-
tle and burnt their houses.

This sudden onset of the French and Indians made it
imperative that steps should immediately be taken for the
defense of the eastern frontiers. It was readily seen that
the Indians of the Penobscot—although by solemn treaty
they had declared their allegiance to the English—might
be induced to join the more eastern tribes in the war, and

 

kindle a flame which would again sweep over the entire
country. While, therefore, forces were hurried forward to
supply the garrisons and to act as scouting-parties, and
munitions of war were sent into all the townships and
plantations, no time was lost in sending commissioners to
the Indians to ascertain more definitely their temper, and
to confirm them, if possible, in their treaty stipulations of
friendship and alliance. A delegation from Boston met the
sagamores of the Penobscot tribe at Fort St. George in
July, and after a parley, received from them fresh assurances
of their desire for peace. After this the eastern people felt
some relief, and a part of the scouting soldiery was dis-
missed.

The policy adopted by the Governor was to draw a line
of separation between the Indians supposed to be loyal or
neutral and those who had taken sides with the French,
offering the former protection and friendship so long as
they kept good faith with the English, and had no inter-
course with such Indians as were enemies. With the ad-
vice of the Council he issued a proclamation, October 20th,
publicly declaring war against the several tribes eastward
of Passamaquoddy, and forbidding all the Indians westward
of a line running thence to the St. Lawrence to have any
correspondence with those Indian rebels. It was soon
found, however, that geographical lines and executive edicts
were an insufficient barrier against the natural attractions
of race and the affiliations of old friendship.

Doubts being entertained as to the loyalty of the Penob-
scot tribe, it was determined to bring them to a decision
one way or the other, and in November, Col. Pepperell was
sent to require of them their quota of fighting men, accord-
ing to the stipulation of the Dummer treaty. They were
told that if they would enter the service they should receive
soldiers’ pay and rations, but if they failed to comply war
would be declared against them at the end of forty days.
In January they sent by express their answer to Boston,
saying that their young men would not comply with the
proposal of taking up arms against the St. John’s Indians,
their brothers.

Preparations having been made for.the winter defenses
of the garrisons, and one hundred effective men divided into
scouting-parties to patrol the country continually between
Berwick and Fort St. George, the Governor and Council now
turned their attention more directly to the seat of war.

The conviction had been growing throughout the autumn
that Louisbourg must be wrested from the enemy, or it would
always be a place of the greatest possible annoyance to the
eastern colonists and to the New England fishermen. Gov-
ernor Shirley had learned of the strength and situation of
the place from the English prisoners who had been taken
at Canseau and retained some time at Louisbourg before
being exchanged and sent to Boston. He associated with
himself William Vaughan, Esq., of Damariscotta, a son of
Lieutenant-Governor Vaughan, of New Hampshire, and
they by careful inquiry and close investigation made them-
selves fully acquainted with the situation and strength of the
place. Vaughan was largely engaged in the eastern fish-
eries, and from those employed in that business he gathered
many valuable facts. The plan being laid before the Gen-
eral Court in the winter was at first rejected, but was recon-
WAR BETWEEN FRANCE AND ENGLAND. 63

 

sidered on the 26th, and carried by a majority of one vote.
No sooner was the vote carried than there appeared through-
out the province an uncommon degree of unanimity and
zeal in the enterprise.

Louisbourg was situated in the southeastern part of the
island of Cape Breton, about twenty leagues southeast from
Canseau, on the opposite side of the strait. The entrance
to it was a fine harbor of nine to twelve fathoms of water.
The exterior of the town was two miles and a half in cir-
cumference. It was fortified on the southwesterly side by
a rampart of stone, from thirty to thirty-six feet in height,
and a ditch eighty feet wide. On the southeasterly side,
along a space of two hundred yards, it was secured by a
dyke and a line of pickets, where the opposite water was
shallow and bordered by rocky cliffs, which rendered the
place inaccessible to shipping. Its fortifications were very
strong, there being six bastions and eight batteries, with
embrasures for one hundred and forty-eight guns (forty-five
mounted) and sixteen mortars. On the island at the en-
trance of the harbor was planted a battery of thirty guns,
carrying twenty-eight-pound shot, and in front of the
entrance, four thousand eight hundred feet from the island
battery, was the royal battery of twenty-eight forty-two-
pounders and two eighteen-pounders; and on a high cliff,
opposite the battery, stood the light-house. The entrance
to the city from the country was at the west gate, over a
draw-bridge, near to a circular battery mounting sixteen
guns of fourteen-pound shot. The streets of the town,
which were wide, crossed each other at right angles, and
the houses were well built. In the centre of the chief
bastion, on the west side of the town, was a large stone
building called the citadel, within which were the apart-
ments of the Governor, soldiers’ barracks, arsenal, and
magazine, richly furnished with military stores. The
French had been engaged in building and fortifying the
place twenty-five years, and it had cost the crown thirty
millions of livres. The conception of taking such a place
by surprise was certainly a bold one, and was regarded by
many as a wild and visionary scheme. Still every circum-
stance seemed to favor it, and no movement during any of
the wars was entered into with so much ardor and enthu-
siasm.

Governor Shirley, in preparing for the expedition, se-
lected his chief commanding officers from Maine. Captain
Edward Tyng, of Falmouth, was made commodore of the
fleet. He was a brave and skillful seaman. During the
preceding summer, while cruising in the eastern waters, he
had captured a French privateer and taken his prize, to-
gether with the officers and crew, to Boston, a feat which
gained him great applause, and made him the recipient of a
silver cup, presented by the merchants of Boston, in token
of their appreciation of his meritorious conduct. The se-
lection of a chief commander was a matter of great moment.
It was necessary to choose one whose character and abilities
would insure popular confidence of success, and the choice
fell on William Pepperell, Hsq., of Kittery, then colonel of
the western regiment of the York County militia. His
new commission gave him the rank of lieutenant-general.
He was a merchant of unblemished reputation and engaging
manners, extensively known and highly popular throughout

 

Massachusetts, New Hampshire, and Maine. The second
in command was Samuel Waldo, Esq., who was commis-
sioned with the rank of brigadier-general. He was a native
of Boston, son of Jonathan Waldo, a rich merchant of that
city, and extensively interested in the Muscongus patent.
At that time Mr. Waldo was colonel-commandant of the
eastern regiment of York County, and the representative of
Falmouth in the General Court. He was in the prime of
life, a man of excellent understanding and great activity.
The colonels in the Maine and Massachusetts troops were
Moulton, Hale, Willard, Richmond, Gorham, and Dwight.
Jeremiah Moulton, the third in command, was a native in-
habitant of York, at that time a member of the Provincial
Council, a judge of the Common Pleas, and county treas-
urer of York County. He had been in the public service,
was acquainted with Indian warfare, and had acquired
much credit in taking Norridgewock during the last war.
Gorham had charge of the whale-boats, and Gridley com-
manded the train of artillery. Mr. Vaughan was given a
lieutenant’s commission, without any particular command,
he preferring the trust of such special duties as the com-
mander-in-chief might consider his adventurous genius best
suited to perform.

In less than two months from the day the General Court
resolved to undertake the expedition, an army of four thou-
sand men was prepared to embark, and a naval squadron,
consisting of thirteen vessels, besides transports and store-
ships, carrying about two hundred guns, was ready to sail.
Pepperell received his instructions from Shirley, March 19th,
and on the 24th, at the head of his armament, put to sea
at Nantasket. He was directed to proceed to Canseau,
there build a battery and block-house, deposit his stores,
and leave two companies to guard them. Thence they
were to operate against Louisbourg, take the place by sur-
prise, if practicable; otherwise reduce it by siege. Every-
thing was propitious; the weather fair and beautiful; and
all circumstances seeming to concur to crown the efforts of
the adventurers with success.

We have not space to enter into the details of the siege.
Suffice it to say, it was pushed with all energy and per-
sistence, and on the 15th of June the French surrendered.
In the capitulation sixty-five veteran troops, thirteen hun-
dred and ten militia, the crew of the “‘ Vigilant,” and
two thousand of the inhabitants (there being four thousand
one hundred and thirty in all) engaged not to bear arms
against Great Britain or her allies for twelve months, and,
embarking on board of fourteen cartel ships, were trans-
ported to Rochfort, in France. The loss of the provincials
was one hundred and thirty men; that of the French, three
hundred killed within the walls. The “ Prince of Orange,”
one of the English vessels, was sunk in a storm, and her
crew drowned. The weather, which during the last forty
days of the siege had been remarkably fine, now changed,
and an incessant rain of ten days succeeded. Had this
happened before the surrender, hundreds then sick of the
dysentery must have fallen victims to the disease.

The news of this splendid victory filled America with
joy and Europe with astonishment. It was celebrated in
the New England towns by the ringing of bells, bonfires,
and festivities, and July 13th by a public thanksgiving.
64 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

Gen. Pepperell, for this splendid achievement, was made
a baronet by the crown, and was ever afterwards known as
Sir William Pepperell. Com. Warren, who joined the ex-
pedition from the West Indies, was made admiral. The
expense of the expedition was paid by Parliament about
four years later, and two hundred thousand pounds sterling
was shipped to New England for that purpose.*

The following letter, written by Sir William Pepperell to
Judge Hill, of Berwick, on the eve of the expedition, will
be read with interest. It is copied from the original, now
in a good state of preservation, in possession of N. J. Her-
rick, Esq., of Alfred. The letter, as will be seen, was
written one hundred and thirty-six years ago, just previous
to his departure on the famous Louisbourg expedition, in
which he achieved the highest distinction as a military com-
mander :

“Kirrery, February 21st, 1744.

“Dear Sr,—The day Last past I heard that Capt, Butler had En-
listed in Berwick his fifty brave Sold’rs; this news was Like a Cordial
to me to heare that Berwick, Brother to Kittery, my own native
Town, had such w brave English Spirit. I received Last night a
Letter from Yr Honorable Committee of Warr who write that they
tho.t there was upon our making up five or six companys of our brave
County of York men Ye full number that was propo’d are Enlis’d &
more so that there will be a number Clear’d off, but you may assure
Your Selfe that our brave County of York men Shall not be Clear’d
off without they desire it.

“Speake to Capt. Butler to hasten down here, for I have some En-
listing money sent me for him. Iam sorry that some of your Com-
mission officers in Your Town Seem to be uneasy because they had
not had Ye offer of a Commission in this Expedition; I understod
you Spoke to them; did they Expect that at this time I should have
wait’d on them, I think if they had Ye Least inclination to have gone
I think it was there Duty they owed to God their King & Country to
come & offer their Selves.

“My Love to Yr Lady & all inquiring Friends.

“Tam your Affectionate
“Friend & Serv’t,
“Wa. PEPPERELL.

“T don’t doubt in Ye Least but the Commission Officers in Berwick
are Brave, good men as any in this Province, and would willingly
Venture their Lives with their Collo, and I believe that nothing would
now hinder them but their business in going on Ye intend’d Expedi-
tion, therefore I excuse them willingly ; please to tell them all I Sin-
cerely Value and Love them, & that if there should be occation for
forces to be Sent after us I don’t doubt in Ye Least but they will be
reddy to com when their business is over. I begg all their prayers.

“Dear Brother I wish you well.

OW: Ds
“On His Majs’tys Service

“To the Honorable John Hill, Esqr Att Berwick.”

The Penobscot Indians having failed to comply with the
requisition made upon them for their quota of fighting
men, war was declared against them in August, 1745, and
a high premium offered for scalps. The subtle and vindic-
tive enemy, being now let loose from all restraint, started
up from their swamps and morasses, harassing the whole
line of settlements, and committing depredations upon the
undefended plantations. Two companies were employed as
scouts between Saco and Brunswick, who were unable to
find the Indians collected in any force; but individuals and
small parties would make sudden onsets for reprisal or
revenge, and as suddenly disappear. In August a party
was discovered in Gorham, which was then a frontier post,
containing only a few settlers, and in September some

 

* 2 Williamson, p. 233.

 

scattered Indians were traced in the neighborhood of Fal-
mouth ; one was fired upon at Long Creek, and a few days
after a son of Col. Cushing, of Purpooduck, was killed by
them. Four companies were raised in Falmouth and the
neighboring towns, in September, to go in quest of them.
They were all, however, unsuccessful, for scarcely had the
presence of an enemy created an alarm upon the whole
frontier than they suddenly retired far beyond the reach
of observation. They were seen no more in that direction
during the year, but in the spring of 1746 they came in
stronger force, and hung around the vicinity the whole
season. On the 19th of April ten of them appeared at
Gorham, where they killed Mr. Bryant and his four chil-
dren, and killed or carried away his wife and several other
persons. In June they attacked the family of Wescott,
on Long Creek, killed and scalped two men, and took their
clothes and guns. This was done by seven Indians, when
there were twenty-five soldiers almost within gunshot of
the place. A day or two later an Indian was fired upon
from Mr. Frost’s garrison at Stroudwater, and five days
after another was seen lurking not far from that place.
They hovered around the towns all summer, seeking an
opportunity to plunder or destroy life. In August one
of Mr. Proctor’s family and two others were killed at
Falmouth, where about thirty Indians were discovered.
Philip Greeley and others were killed at North Yarmouth.
In Scarborough, Mr. Hunnewell, while mowing in his
field, had his gun stolen at the other end of the swath by
a lurking Indian. He mowed his return-swath without
appearing to notice the movement of the savage, and as he
came to the bank behind which the Indian was concealed,
leaped over with an astounding yell, and, as the savage
rose from his hiding-place, cleft his body in two with the
scythe. Other comrades were seen not far off, whose
movements indicated that they were about to join in the
fight, when Hunnewell brandished his weapon at them in
such a defiant manner that they fled, not daring to ap-
proach him.

In the summer of 1746 additional men were distributed
among the garrisons at Saco, Brunswick, and St. George’s.
The attacks of the Indians were chiefly upon the eastern
settlements,—Georgetown, Broad Bay Plantation, Pema-
quid, Sheepscot, and Wiscasset,—all of which suffered more
or less in the loss of lives, property, and prisoners.

In September the whole country was thrown into the
utmost consternation by the arrival of a large fleet and army
at Nova Scotia, from France, under the command of the
Duke D’Anville, a French nobleman of great experience
and ability. The fleet was the most powerful ever sent to
North America. A force of seventeen hundred men from
Canada, consisting of regular troops, militia, volunteers,
and savages, was in readiness to join the fleet, but on ac-
count of its delay they had started on their homeward
march, and a messenger reached them in time to secure the
return of only four hundred. This force was designed for
the destruction of the chief settlements in New England.
But on their way, and after their arrival in Nova Scotia,
they met with great misfortunes. The duke died on the
fourth day after their arrival; the vice-admiral, in a delir-
ium of fever, fell upon his own sword; an epidemic fever
CONQUEST OF NEW FRANCE.

65

 

of a very fatal type broke out among the men, so that
eleven hundred and thirty of the troops died after encamp-
ment; and the Indiaus, flocking thither in great numbers
for arms, ammunition, and clothing, took the fatal disease,
which preyed upon them till it carried off more than a third
of the whole Mickmack race, and extended to the tribe on
the river St. John. On the 13th of October part of the
fleet, consisting of forty sail, left Chebucto for Annapolis,
but being overtaken in a violent storm off Cape Sable they
were so shattered that they returned singly to France.

This was regarded by the people of New England as a
most signal providential deliverance. ‘ Never,” says an
able and pious writer, ‘‘ was the hand of Divine Providence
more visible than on this occasion.”

In the spring of 1747 a premium of two hundred and
fifty pounds was offered for every Indian's scalp taken west
of Passamaquoddy, and one hundred pounds for every one
taken elsewhere.* The first appearance of the Indians this
spring was at Scarborough, where they killed young Dresser,
April 13th. The next day, at Saccarappa, they took Wm.
Knight and his two sons prisoners. Within a week Mr.
Elliot and his son were slain, and Mr. Marsh carried into
captivity. A body of fifty Indians entered Falmouth on
the 21st, and, after slaughtering several cattle, fell upon the
family of Mr. Frost, whom they dispatched while defending
his family with great bravery, and carried captive his wife
and six children. By the Ist of May the whole frontier,
from Wells to Topsham, appeared to be infested by swarms
of savages. Aware, probably, that there were no soldiers
in this section, except Capt. Jordan’s company at Topsham,
the eastern portion being better defended, they chose this
ground for their ravages and reprisals. Near Falmouth
they killed two women; at New Meadows, Mr. Hinkley;
at Scarborough they fired upon an inhabitant; and at Wells
they chased a man into the heart of the town. A party of
some thirty entered Windham, probably with the intent to
take captive every one of the settlers. By making an at-
tack upon Bolton and young Mayberry, they probably
thwarted their plan, for the report of the guns gave the
people sufficient notice to secure themselves in the garrison.

These were the last depredations committed in this por-
tion of Maine prior to the peace of Aix-la-Chapelle, con-
cluded Oct. 7, 1748. In June following the sagamores
visited Boston to make terms of peace with the colonists.
The time of the treaty was set for the last days in Septem-
ber, and was appointed to be held at Falmouth. Accord-
ingly, Sir William Pepperell, Thomas Hutchinson, John
Choate, Israel Williams, and James Otis, commissioners,
accompanied by a guard of fifty York County militia, re-
paired to Falmouth, September 28th, where they waited
till October 14th before a single Indian appeared, the
French having been instrumental in keeping them back
from the treaty. However, a considerable number arrived
on that day, and the council was opened in the meeting-
house of the First Parish. On the 16th the parties con-
cluded and signed the treaty. They agreed to discontinue
all hostilities, deliver up the captives without ransom, and
never again molest the English settlements.

 

#16 Mass. C. Ree., p. 312.

 

By the treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle, each crown surrendered
to the other all territorial conquests, and therefore the

Island of Cape Breton again passed into the possession of
the French.

CHAPTER XVIII.
CONQUEST OF NEW FRANCE.

Extent of the French Claims—Their Principal Fortifications—Differ-
ence between the French and English Colonists—Forts and Block-
Houses in Maine—Conquest of Nova Scotia—Removal of the Aca-
dians—Recapture of Louisbourg—Reduction of Niagara—Ticon-
deroga—Crown Point—Fall of Quebec—Destruction of St. Frangois
—Peace of the Colonies.

ALtTHoueH there had been five consecutive Indian wars
within a period of eighty years, which had greatly reduced
the strength of the savages throughout most of New Eng-
land, there were still several powerful tribes in the eastern
part of Maine, in Canada, and Nova Scotia, which con-
tinued troublesome so long as the French had any posses-
sions on this side of the Atlantic. Happily for the peace
and rest of the colonies, the time for the overthrow of their
power was now rapidly approaching. The French had been
very aggressive within the last few years; they not only
claimed Canada, Nova Scotia, and the part of Maine east-
ward of the Penobscot, but the whole valley of the Missis-
sippi, Ohio, and Michigan, and a large portion of Northern
and Western New York. At the outbreak of the war in
1754 they had taken military possession of a large part of
this territory, and had the alliance of all the Indian tribes
within its borders, except those conquered and under treaty
with Massachusetts, New Hampshire, and Maine, and the
Six Nations of New York, whose powerful aid was given to
the English in the war.

The French had forts at this time at Louisbourg, in Cape
Breton; at Beau Séjour and Cape Verte, in Nova Scotia;
two on the river St. John, built three years since; a strong
fortress at Ticonderoga, on the isthmus between Lake
George and Lake Champlain; Fort Frederic, at Crown
Point, on the western side of the last-mentioned lake; Fort
Frontenac, north of the outlet of Lake Ontario; Fort
Ontario, at Oswego River, on the southwest margin of the
game lake; Fort Niagara, just below Niagara Falls, on the
southwest side; Fort Pontchartrain, at Detroit; Fort Du
Quesne, at the head of the Ohio River, now Pittsburgh ;
Fort St. Vincent, at Vincennes, Ind.; Fort Gratiot, at the
foot of Lake Huron, in Michigan ; a strong fort at Macki-
naw; besides fortifications at Green Bay, Portage, and
Prairie du Chien, Wis., and others at various points along
the Mississippi and on Mobile Bay. Thus they had spread
themselves by the interior watercourses across the entire
continent, following the St. Lawrence to the great lakes of
the Northwest, and thence to the Mississippi, and down
that river to its confluence with the Gulf of Mexico. New
France had thus the dimensions of a vast colonial empire,
five thousand miles in length, extending from the Gulf of
St. Lawrence to the tropics, embracing the largest rivers
and lakes on the continent, and the richest lands of the
Western Hemisphere. It was too large for the best re-
66 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

sources of France herself to defend against a hardy and
energetic race of Anglo-Saxons, who, although they moved
more slowly, built more securely the foundations of per-
manent and enduring society. The English colonists sub-
dued the forests, made homes for themselves and their
children, developed the resources of the soil, encouraged
commerce and manufactures, built school-houses and
churches, and laid the foundation of civil and religious in-
stitutions, for the conservation of liberty, justice, and social
and moral order among the people. This Anglo-Saxon
energy and genius for the organization of stable institu-
tions, which has made the descendants of the colonists the
masters of North America, was more than a match for the
French even in its cradle, and after a brief struggle the
power and pretensions of the latter crumbled before it, and
sank into utter decay and insignificance.

The part taken in this struggle by the people of Maine,
and particularly those of York County, makes it imperative
that we should attempt at least an outline sketch of the
war. :

In 1754, when the war commenced, there was a line of
forts and block-houses in Maine extending along the fron-
tier from Salmon Falls to St. George’s River. At Ber-
wick, within two or three miles above Quampeagan landing,
were several strongly fortified houses, known as Gerrish’s,
Key’s, Wentworth’s, and Goodwin’s garrisons. There was
also a picketed fort on the height of land at Pine Hill,
formed of logs set in the ground, about twenty feet in
height, and sharpened at the upper ends. Similar fortifi-
cations and block-houses constructed of hewn timber, in-
closed by palisades or other works of defense, were estab-
lished in every frontier township or plantation in Maine
and Sagadahock. The soldiers who kept these garrisons
and the settlers who resorted to them in every emergency
or alarm were at all times armed, whether they went to
public worship, to labor, or on business. The moment a
lurking savage was discovered, means were used to commu-
nicate notice to the nearest block-house or garrison, when
an alarm-gun was fired, and all the scattered people fled
within the gates. If there were no large guns or swivels,
three muskets were fired in succession at short intervals.
Trained dogs were also used to scent out the footsteps of
the lurking foe, detect skulking parties en route, or frus-

trate ambuscades. The habits of the Indians were pretty .

well understood by the settler, though such was often their
devilish ingenuity that they would decoy the most wary
into ambuscades and traps. For example, they would
sometimes detach the bell from the cow or the ox, and by
making with it its usual sound, as if’ the animal were feed-
ing or browsing, direct the steps of the hunter after his
herd to the spot, and shoot him as he approached, uncon-
scious of the lurking foe. In such a state thousands of
people lived during the war, being actually afraid to milk
their cows in yards near the garrisons for fear of being shot
by the Indians.

The war was carried on by the united forces of the Eng-
lish and the colonists. arly in 1755 four expeditions
were undertaken against the French forts. Braddock was
sent against Du Quesne, and was defeated in July. Sir
William Johnson marched against Crown Point with six

 

hundred provincials, and won a brilliant victory in the
vicinity of that fort. Governor Shirley and Sir William
Pepperell proceeded against Niagara and Fort Frontenac
without success. In the midst of these expeditions two
large French ships, belonging to a fleet which had just
arrived from the harbor of Brest, were taken by the Eng-
lish, the balance of the fleet escaping and making its way
up the St. Lawrence.

A force was raised at this time for the conquest of Nova
Scotia. It consisted chiefly of two thousand men, raised in
Massachusetts and Maine. They had like pay and treat-
ment in every respect as the regular soldiers. Governor
Shirley had chief command, with the rank of colonel, and
John Winslow was lieutenant-colonel, upon whom the im-
mediate command of the whole force devolved. They, with
two hundred and seventy regulars, and a fleet of forty-one
vessels, under command of Col. Monkton, reduced Nova
Scotia, and early in 1755 effected the removal of the Aca-
dians or French neutrals, whose melancholy fate is well
known to the reader of history, and forms one of the saddest
chapters in the events of those times.

During this year the Indians were exceedingly trouble-
some, plundering and killing in small parties, in the most
defenseless settlements. They committed depredations and
murders in Gray, Dresden, Newcastle, North Yarmouth,
and New Gloucester. June 10th additional supplies were
sent to the eastern garrisons. On the 11th, war was de-
clared against the eastern tribes,—all except the Penobscots.
Companies of volunteers consisting of not less than thirty
men were entitled to receive two hundred pounds for every
Indian’s scalp, and two hundred and fifty pounds for each
captive. Individuals performing the same service were en-
titled to one hundred pounds per scalp, and one hundred
and ten pounds per captive. But this species of warfare,
although in self-defense, was not desirable by the eastern
people. They preferred a place in Col. Pepperell’s regi-
ment, where glory as well as wages presented motives to
military ambition. Since the capture of Louisbourg in the
last war, there was manifested among the young soldiery of
Maine a glow of military ardor.

In the distribution of the forces for the protection of the
frontiers, fifty were placed on scout from Lebanon to Saco
River; sixty from Saco to Gray, by the way of Sebago Pond
and New Gloucester; ninety from Gray to Fort Shirley, at
Frankfort ; and one hundred from thence to St. George’s
River. These arrangements and the successes in Nova
Scotia overawed the Indians for a short time, till Capt.
James Cargill, in July, falling in with a hunting-party of
Penobscot Indians, shot down twelve of them, and so en-
raged the whole tribe that conciliation was impossible, and
war was declared against them on the 5th of November.

The campaign for the year 1756 was settled in January,
in New York, by a council of the colonial governors, Shir-
ley being at that time commander-in-chief of the American
troops. It was agreed that ten thousand men proceed
against Crown Point; six thousand against Niagara; three
thousand against Fort Du Quesne; and two thousand up
the Kennebec River, to destroy the settlements on the

Chaudiére, and by ranging to the mouth of that river, keep

all the neighboring parts of Canada in alarm. In the win-
CONQUEST OF NEW FRANCE. 67

 

ter and spring a force of two thousand six hundred men was
raised in Massachusetts and Maine, and put under command
of Maj.-Gen. Winslow, recalled from Nova Scotia to take
charge of them.

In June the king of Great Britain formally declared war
against France, and in the same month Gen. Abercrombie,
arriving with his army, took the chief command from Gov-
ernor Shirley, who retired, and was subsequently Governor
of the Bahamas. He had been Governor of Massachusetts
since 1740.

In March three hundred recruits were divided into scout-
ing-parties for the continued defense of the settlements in
Maine, according to the plan and order of the preceding
year. John Wheelwright, of Wells, was commissary-gen-
eral and superintendent of Indian trade, and was instructed
to take care of the munitions, to see that the forts and gar-
risons were in a defensible condition, and to procure all extra
supplies necessary for the Kennebec expedition.

The Indians appear this year to have marked the settle-
ments from Brunswick to Saco for destruction. But by a
timely warning given by young Knight, who escaped from
the enemy and put the settlers on their guard, the evil was
in a great measure averted. Nevertheless the Indians made
considerable havoc at North Yarmouth, Flying Point, Harps-
well, New Gloucester, and Windham, at the latter place
their chief, Poland, being killed in an engagement with
several men, among whom Brown and Winship were vic-
tims of savage slaughter. Depredations were also com-
mitted farther east, and coasting vessels plundered while at
anchor.

The expeditions planned for the summer resulted un-
favorably, except that against Fort Du Quesne, under Gen.
Forbes. Ticonderoga and Crown Point were not reduced.
The expedition against Louisbourg in June, 1758, proved an-
other brilliant success against that city and fortress. About
six hundred men for this campaign were recruited in Maine,
besides three hundred raised for scout and garrison duty.
The enterprise received the popular sanction with almost as
much enthusiasm as in the last war, seven thousand men
being easily raised in the province. Major-General Am-
herst, commander of the regular and provincial forces, and
Admiral Boscawen, with fifty-seven sail, mostly from Eng-
land, anchored June 2d, in the bay opposite the city. The
French garrison consisted of two thousand five hundred
regular troops, three hundred militia, and sixty or seventy
Indian warriors. The English, through the skillful and
successful placing of the batteries by Gen. James Wolfe,
soon gained complete command of the harbor, and several
large breaches being made in the works, the French com-
mander capitulated July 26th. The inhabitants of the
island were sent to France, and the soldiers and mariners,
five thousand six hundred and thirty-seven, sent as prisoners
to England.

Events hastened to a glorious conclusion during the year
1759. Penobscot was taken possession of, and a strong
fort erected on the west side of the river, about a league
below the foot of Orphan Island, called Fort Pownal. Gen.
Waldo, while surveying the spot, fell instantly dead of a
stroke of apoplexy. The fort was garrisoned by one hun-
dred men, under the command of Brig.-Gen. Jedediah

 

Preble, of Falmouth. It was the most completely-con-
structed and defensible fort in the province, and the ex-
penses of building it were reimbursed by Parliament.

In each of the three northern campaigns the English
and provincial arms met with entire success. Niagara
surrendered, July 25th, to Sir William Johnson, Gen. Pri-
deaux being killed. The second day afterwards Ticonderoga
and Crown Point were reduced by Gen. Amherst. Before
that time Gen. Wolfe had commenced the famous siege of
Quebec,—a place of ten thousand souls, and more strongly
fortified and better garrisoned than any other place in
America. Sealing the heights, deemed inaccessible to hu-
man skill, in a single night, that of September 13th, he
commenced the attack upon the city. The battle, bloody
and desperate, became general about nine in the morning,
and before noon the victory of the English was decisive.
Wolfe and Montcalm, the two opposing generals, were both
killed, and with them fell sixteen hundred men, the loss of
the French being about twice that of the English. On the
fifth day the city capitulated, and, being reduced to the
dominion of Great Britain, was garrisoned by about five
thousand soldiers.

The people of Maine partook largely in the general joy
which this event diffused over the whole country, in a well-
founded hope that now savage warfare and scenes of blood
would cease throughout the whole land. " Every great re-
verse of fortune experienced by the French had a baleful
effect upon the interest and affairs of the northern and east-
ern Indian tribes. Beaten in Nova Scotia, and met at every
avenue in their late hostile attempts upon the well-guarded
frontiers of Maine, they had entered the camp of the French
to help them fight out their battles. They had thus changed
the mode of warfare through necessity. Their bloody cru-
elties and devastations in the outer towns and plantations
of New England were yet by no means effaced from recol-
lection, and a day of retribution had arrived.

St. Frangois, a village which had through a period of
many years been enriched by the plunder of the English
frontiers and the sale of captives,—the nest whence had
emanated the most subtle and malignant tools of the French
priesthood and authorities,—was now singled out for its
deserved destruction. On the 13th of September, Gen.
Amherst sent Maj. Rogers, with about two hundred rangers,
to lay the place in ashes. After a fatiguing march of
twenty-one days, he came in sight of the village, which he
discovered from the top of a tree. Halting his men ata
distance of three miles, he rested till twilight. In the
evening he entered the village in disguise, with two of his
officers. The Indians being engaged in a great dance, he
passed through them undiscovered. Having formed his
men into parties and posted them to advantage, he made a
general assault, October 4th, just before day, while the In-
dians, fatigued by exercise, were sound asleep. A general
slaughter ensued. Many were killed,—shot and thrust
through, falling upon the spot; others, attempting to escape,
were pierced or shot by the soldiers. About twenty pris-
oners were taken, and five English captives rescued from
the horrid fate of their brethren, whose scalps, torn from
their heads and waving from the tops of poles, met the gaze
of the assailants as daylight revealed the sickening scene.
68 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

Early in 1760 the Indians began to sue for peace, and
treaties were made with the St. John, Passamaquoddy,
and Penobscot tribes. The conquest of Canada was com-
pleted by the surrender of Montreal to the English, Sept.
8, 1760. The whole acquisition received a solemn confir-
mation at the close of the war by the sanction of a treaty,
which was succeeded by a peace to the frontiers of New
England firm and ending.

CHAPTER XIX.

DIVISION OF THE COUNTY.

Extent of Yorkshire—Term of Court extended to Falmouth—Act
for the Erection of Cumberland and Lincoln—Boundaries of York
—Loeation of the Courts—Revision of the Judiciary—Provincial
Tax—Population and Valuation of the County.

YoRKSHIRE at first extended from the Piscataqua to a
little east of the Presumpscot River, in what is now the
town of Falmouth, Cumberland County. In 1716 the Gen-
eral Court ordered that all the lands, families, and settle-
ments eastward of Sagadahock, within the provincial charter
limits, be annexed to Yorkshire. At this time York was
made the shire-town for holding all the courts and keeping
the registry of deeds. Yorkshire continued to embrace an
extent of territory commensurate with the present geograph-
ical limits of the State up to 1760.

As early as 1733 the inconvenience of attending court
at York by people in the eastern part of the county was so
severely felt that the towns authorized their selectmen to
petition the General Court to divide the county, or have
terms of the courts held farther east. It was in consequence
of this effort that a term of the Inferior Court and of the
Court of General Sessions of the Peace was extended to
Falmouth for one session a year in June, 1735. The first
term of these courts was held in Falmouth in October, 1736,
by Chief Justice William Pepperell, of Kittery. Both
courts were held at the same time and place. The judges
were Samuel Came, Timothy Gerrish, Joseph Moody, and
Jeremiah Moulton ; John Leighton was sheriff. Falmouth
thus became a half-shire town, and Yorkshire assumed the
name of York County. In 1760 the two new counties of
Cumberland and Lincoln were formed from the eastern por-
tion. The boundary between York and Cumberland was
made to run, as at present, northerly of Saco, Buxton, and
Limington, to the point where the northwest line of Stand-
ish intersects the Saco River, and thence north two degrees
west, on a true course to the most northern limits of the
province. In 1805 the section north of the Great Ossipee
was cut off to form a part of Oxford County ; since which
the boundaries of this once great jurisdiction have re-
mained unchanged.

The Supreme Judicial Court was held at Wells from
1800 to 1802, when it was removed to Alfred. At the
first session there the bench was occupied by Justices Dana,
Cushing, and Thacher. The Common Pleas sat at Bidde-
ford from 1790 to 1806, and at Waterborough from 1790
to 1806, in which latter year the sessions of this court were
removed to Alfred. The latter remained exclusively the

 

shire-town till 1860, since which that honor has been
shared by Saco.

The Supreme Judicial Court for York County sits at
Saco on the 1st Tuesday in January, and at Alfred on the
3d Tuesdays in May and September. The Court of Pro-
bate is held at Saco on the 1st Tuesdays of January and
February, at Biddeford on the 1st Tuesdays of May and
July, and at Alfred on the 1st Tuesdays of the other
months.

For the purposes of the Law Court, York County is
associated with Cumberland, Oxford, Androscoggin, and
Franklin Counties, forming the Western Judicial District,
with annual term at Portland in July.

In 1799 the General Court divided York County cross-
wise along the Great Ossipee, forming a northern district,
with Probate Court and Registry of Deeds at Fryeburg.
This arrangement continued till 1805, when the northern
district was included in the new county of Oxford.

In 1800, in order to dispatch business which had accu-
mulated on the docket, the number of judges of the Su-
preme Court was increased from five to seven. Terms
were holden twice each year in all the counties of Maine
except Washington and Hancock, and, instead of all the
judges being required to be present in the adjudication of
causes, any three could hold a court, and sessions might
be carried on at the same time in different counties. The
act also authorized the appointment of a solicitor-general,
with a salary of one thousand dollars a year. The com-
monwealth was divided into three circuits.

In 1805 the judiciary system underwent another modifi-
cation. The number of judges of the Supreme Court was
reduced again to five, any three of whom constituted a
quorum for deciding cases of law in the spring circuit, and
one judge alone authorized to preside in all jury trials.
This introduction of the nist prius system was an important
improvement. It gave an opportunity to the judges to con-
sult authorities, and centered the responsibility for correct
and learned decisions in one individual, whose opinious were
subject to revision upon a writ of exceptions before the
whole court at the next term. With this improvement
was also introduced a reporter of decisions, Ephraim Wil-
liams, of Deerfield, being the first to fill that office.

A law passed March 9, 1804, prescribed to the bench of
Common Pleas a chief justice and two associates, instead of
four judges, as previously ; and so extended their jurisdic.
tion as to embrace all matters cognizable by the Quarter
Sessions of the Peace, except what related to jails and other
county buildings, to county taxes and accounts, and to
licenses and highways. The sessions of the two courts,
which had previously been held together, were thus sepa-
rated. This was the first essential change made in the sub-
ordinate courts for more than a century, or from their first
establishment under the provincial charter of 1691.

The year of the division of the county (1760) was sig-
nalized by the accession of George III. to the throne of
Great Britain. A provincial tax of £1000 was levied in
1761, of which the proportion of York County was £38
15s. 6d. The following apportionment exhibits the relative
importance of the towns and plantations of the county at
that time: York, £9 3s, 5d.; Kittery, £9 10s. 8d. 3f;
PERIOD OF THE REVOLUTION. 69

 

Berwick, £7 10s. 9d.; Wells, £4 17s.; Arundel, £2 9s.
10d. 1f.; Biddeford, £4 11s. 11d.; Narragansett No. 1,
or Buxton, 11s. 10d. On the 12th of March the same
year, two shocks of earthquake were felt at fifteen minutes
past two A.M., producing an undulatory motion of the earth
quite perceptible in this region. ‘The importation of tea,
coffee, china-ware, and other articles into the province
was at this time subject to excise duty, and Nathaniel Clark
was collector for York County.

A census taken in 1764 showed the white population of
York County to be 11,145, distributed among the several
towns as follows: York, 2277 ; Kittery, 2338; Wells, 1563 ;
Berwick, 2374 ; Arundel, 833 ; Biddeford, 627 ; Pepperell-
boro’ (Saco), 538; Lebanon, 200; Philipstown (Sanford),
150; Buxton, 225. There were 1734 families, 1281
houses, and 215 negroes.

POPULATION AND VALUATION.

     
   
  
 

 

 

TOWNS. 1860. 1870. Polls. Estates. Polls. Estates.

1,218 1,008 255 $277,816 270 $327,189

+ 1,256 1,224 307 381,024 297 427,140

+ 2,155 2,291 408 483,447 431 641,329

+. 9,849 10,282 1,615 4,593,047 2,205 5,682,402

2,853 2,546 645 686,353 631 899

1,153 1,100 267 268,405 257 310,678

701 611 180 199,478 164 242,043

1,767 1,769 396 460,438 399 535,982

1,683 = 1,541 379 348,599 424 444,428

2,679 2,603 637 —-:1,559,902 610 —-:1,577,504

3,668 2,372 629 890,229 622 01,431

2,974 3,333 582 363,327 727 622,523

2,040 1,953 460 489,674 396 524,575

1,441 1,425 268 282,339 307 392,637

« 2,004 1,630 436 468,228 420 567,808

»- 1,307 1,052 286 269,853 269 345,346

+ 1,349 1,193 287 252,839 275 298,895

North Berwick. « 1,492 1,623 346 398,112 357 572,927

Parsonsfield.. + 2,125 1,894 485 551.465 454 632,097

Saco... » 6,223 5,755 1,173 2,991,564 1,349 3,116,374

Shapleigh.. -. 1,273 1,087 318 216,372 271 251,118

Santord........ « 2,221 2,397 526 447,061 526 560,542

South Berwick. +. 2,624 2,510 501 676,387 532 818,022

Waterborough. » 1,824 1,548 586 286,440 388 364,270

Wells..... w+ 2,878 2,773 652 591,001 639 683,940

York.. a. 2,825 2,654 614 702,218 614 771,776
Isle of Shoals.........ecee 25

Total...........62,107 60,174 13,038 $19,135,618 13,834 $22,442,875

CHAPTER XX.
PERIOD OF THE REVOLUTION.

Spirit of the People of Maine—York County Congress—Resolutions
adopted by Towns—Excitement at the Court in York—Denuncia-
tion of Tories—Committees of Correspondence and Safety—Dele-
gates to Provincial Congress—Military Service—Notable Events of
the Revolution in Maine.

IN no portion of the colonies, at the commencement of
the war for independence, was the spirit of liberty and
resistance to British aggression more pronounced than in
Maine. The long discipline which the inhabitants had
received in civil affairs and in war with the French and
Indians, had prepared them to meet with intelligence and
firmness the new issues involved in a struggle with the
mother-country. That struggle, beginning at least ten
years before the actual conflict of arms, during which the
issues between the colonies and Great Britain were clearly
defined, and the principles and rights of free government
thoroughly discussed and understood, became the most
valuable school for the training of a people who were after-
wards to exercise the privileges of self-government.

The spirit of these preliminary discussions is well ex-

 

pressed by an able writer in a London magazine, who, upon
reading the essays and resolves of that period, remarks,—

“There is such just and cogent reasoning, and such a spirit of
liberty breathing through the whole of the American productions
upon the subject of civil rights, as would not have disgraced ancient
Greece or Rome when struggling against oppression.”

The towns of York County held meetings at an early
stage of the conflict, and resolved to uphold to the fullest
extent the measures taken by the Provincial Congress to
maintain the rights and liberties of the colonies.

The “York County Congress,” so called, convened at
Wells on the 15th and 16th of November, 1774. This
body was composed of delegates from the several towns in
the county, and put forth the following declaration and
resolves :

“His Majesty’s loyal subjects, the delegates of the several towns of
the county of York, deputed to meet in County Congress, held at
Wells the 16th day of November, 1774, truly professing ourselves
liege subjects of His Majesty, King George the Third, and sincere
friends to all our fellow-subjects in Britain and the Colonies, for the
necessary defense of our liberties and privileges come unto the following
resolutions :

“ Resolved, That the people have the right to tax themselves, and
no other persons, assemblies, and parliaments have, and the English
acts to tax them are unconstitutional.

“ Resolved, That all civil officers in this county ought to exercise
their powers as though these acts had not been passed; that venires
for jurors ought to issue and be obeyed as before.

“ Resolved, That this Congress recommend to every individual to
use their influence for peace.

“ Whereas, William Pepperell, baronet, in his lifetime honestly
acquired a large estate, and gave the highest evidence not only of
being a sincere friend to the rights of man in general, but having a
fraternal love for this country in particular; and whereas his son Wil-
liam, to whom his estate was devised, hath, with purpose to carry
into effect acts of the British Parliament, made with the design to
enslave the free and loyal people of the continent, accepted and now
holds a seat at the pretended Board of Councilors in this province,
and therefore forfeited confidence; it is recommended to the people
and his lessees to withdraw all connection, commerce, and dealings
with him, and take no leases of his farms or mills; and if anybody
does deal with him, we recommend the people to have no dealings
or intercourse with such an one.

“ Resolved, That the thanks of this county are due to the worthy
and patriotic members of the Continental Congress for their noble and
faithful exertions in the cause of their country.

“Wituiam Laieuton, Clerk.”

It is to be regretted that the names of the members of
this Congress have not been preserved. But, no doubt, the
body was composed of men of the highest standing in the
county. The Congress convened at Littlefield tavern, and
the bill of expenses, including considerable “ brandy punch,”
“26 men’s dinners at 11s. 3d.,” “23 men’s dinners at 11s.
3d.,” and “15 horses at 10d.,” is among the interesting
relics of the meeting.*

At no period during the Revolutionary war was the popu-
lar excitement more intense than at this time. Men were
denounced and proscribed not as comprehended under a
general class, but individually, as persons with whom there
should be no intercourse. There was no charity for dis-
senters, for the weak or irresolute, much less for those who
were holding offices under the king, or were suppressing
their patriotism in the interests of commerce, or for those
who were timid or trembling amidst the general commotion

 

* See Judge Bourne's History of Wells and Kennebunk, p. 471.
70 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

which had been excited throughout the provinces. They
could not tolerate even the presence of such men among
them, regarding every one as either a friend or an enemy
to his country.

In the first week of January, 1775, the court was held
at York. Such was the passion and excitement of the hour
that no reasonable man could look for a just verdict in any
cause. John Sullivan, who was accustomed to attend the
terms of court, was full of the spirit of rebellion against
the arbitrary measures of the British government, and was
ready to meet any emergency to which his outspoken senti-
ments of patriotism might lead. He was a member of the
Continental Congress, and was full of the spirit just brought
from a meeting of that body. He had expressed himself
very freely in Congress, and was determined to express
himself with equal freedom at court, irrespective of the
conservatism of the judges, who were disposed, in view of
the embarrassments of the occasion, to adjourn the session.
This created a great popular clamor, and some of the ex-
cited multitude threatened to pull the judges from their
seats. Sullivan harangued the people with great power
and eloquenee, telling them that their rights and privileges
were to be wrested from them, that they were to be made
the slaves of arbitrary power, and that the courts were the
willing instruments for putting the yoke upon their necks.
At the same time Capt. Daniel Bragdon, who had attended
the Congress as an interested visitor, gathered a large mul-
titude around him outside the court-house, and addressed
them with all the eloquence of which le was master, call-
ing upon them to arouse themselves in opposition to the
acts of Parliament, and denouncing all as enemies of their
country who would not come up to the work of resistance.
Such was the excitement that the court adjourned without
doing any business. Judge Sayward declared that he
would not sit to hear an action through. Judge Moulton
sympathized strongly with the great body of the people.
James Sullivan, then in the practice of law at Biddeford,
manifested somewhat more equanimity than his brother
John, and, being desirous to avoid all collisions and polit-
ical controversies in court, whereby its character might not
be compromised, did what he could to maintain order and
allay excitement, as also did David Wyer, then a prominent
lawyer residing in Portland,

Although the court was quietly adjourned without day,
Sayward, from the spirit here manifested, felt himself to be
in constant peril. The threats of the people daily reached
his ears, and from this time till nearly the close of the war
he was constantly watched, and escaped the fury of the
mob only by concealment. Every one mistrusted was put
under the ban of popular disapprobation, or compelled to
sign an article disavowing Tory sentiments. Dr. Alden, of
Biddeford, being strongly suspected of furnishing through
Capt. John Stackpole materials for barracks for the Eng-
lish soldiers at Boston, was waited upon by a multitude
gathered at Saco from all the adjoining towns, and com-
pelled not only to ask pardon on his knees, but to subscribe
to the following declaration :

“Whereas I have uttered many words, out of town and in, counte-
nancing arbitrary acts of Parliament, which has given offense to the
body now assembled, I do hereby express my sincere penitence there-

 

for, and promise, on oath, not to be guilty of anything of that kind
for the future. And, whereas I asked sundry persons to sign a paper
to the board of commissioners, therein insinuating myself to be a Tory,
I hereby declare I am sorry therefor, and that I never will be guilty
of anything of that kind for the future, nor do anything against the
just rights of my country.

“Oct. 18, 1774. ABIATHER ALDEN.”

We give below a few samples of the resolutions passed
by different towns during the excitement of the preliminary
struggle. The following, probably drawn up by Hon.
James Sullivan, afterwards Governor of Massachusetts, were
adopted with great unanimity by the inhabitants of Bidde-
ford, at a meeting held on the 30th of July, 1774:

“ Whereas, The Parliament of Great Britain has, for the express
purpose of raising a revenue and an unconstitutional tax on the Eng-
lish-American Colonies, made several acts highly distressing to said
Colonies in general, and to this province in particular; by which acts
the metropolis of the province is blocked up and distressed, the civil
government of the province altered (as far as by said acts it can be)
in the most material and privileged points thereof, and particularly
the invaluable right of a trial by an uncorrupted jury, entirely de-
stroyed ; ‘

“Therefore, Resolved, That the inhabitants of this town, now as-
sembled, will, in a resolute, manly, and determined manner, pursue all
such legal and constitutional methods as shall by the other towns in
the province be thought conducive to the restoration of our natural
rights as men, and political rights as Englishmen; and that no incon-
venience, however injurious to the private interest of any of us, shall
be a sufficient cause to break this resolution.

“ And whereas, The Committee of Correspondence for the town of
Boston has transmitted to us papers to be signed by the inhabitants
of this town, which papers contain covenant oaths and agreements
that the subscribers thereto shall break off all commercial intercourse
with the Island of Great Britain until the oppressive acts aforesaid
are totally repealed : and the inhabitants of this town being very sen-
sible that there is no method yet pointed out which tends so much to
the advancing of the opulence of this country and happy extrication
of it from its present difficulties and distresses as the universal coming
into and the religious observation of those covenant oaths and agree-
ments, or others somewhat similar thereto:

“Tt is therefore Resolved, That if the Committee appointed by the
late Honorable House of Representatives of this Province to meet the
delegates of the other colonies in General Congress at Philadelphia
or elsewhere ; and the other members of said Congress shall advise to
a universal withdrawment of our commerce with the Island of Great
Britain until the aforesaid oppressive acts of Parliament shall be re-
pealed, we will strictly adhere thereto; And as our dependence under
God is chiefly placed in the steady pursuance of such wise measures
as shall be recommended by the Congress ;

“We therefore Resolve, That whatever measure shall be by said
Congress advised to and complied with by the majority of the other
towns in this province, shall be literally and strictly adhered to by
us;

“And we further esolve, That if any person among us shall
demean himself contrary to any plan that shall be laid for our deliver-
ance by the Congress, and agreed to by this and the majority of the
other towns in the province, we will have no society, trade, or com-
merce with such person, but will esteem and treat him as an enemy to
his country.

(Attest) “RisHworts JorpAn, Town Clerk.”

At a subsequent meeting, Dec. 22, 1774, a Committee
of Safety and Inspection was appointed, composed of Rish-
worth Jordan, Esq., James Sullivan, Esq., Capt. Benjamin
Hooper, Thomas Gilpatrick, and Capt. James P. Hill.
Mr. Sullivan was chosen at the same time delegate to the
Provincial Congress, and empowered to correspond with the
neighboring towns. It was also voted “ that the delegate
inform the Congress that his constituents think best to keep
their own money to form a magazine for their own defense.”
PERIOD OF THE REVOLUTION. 71

 

“ Resolved, That R. Jordan, J. Sullivan, B. Hooper, James Carlisle,
Thomas Gilpatrick, Benj. Staples, Allison Smith, Josiah Stimpson,
Jeremiah Hill, Jr., Simon Wingate, James Staples, Aaron Porter, and
Jeremiah Cole be a committee to provide a town stock of six half
barrels of powder, five cwt. of lead, and a sufficiency of flints, ac-
cording to the number of persons in the train-band and alarm-list in
said town; four barrels of which powder, and the whole of the lead
and flints are to be kept entire until the town shall otherwise order,
or it shall become necessary to deliver the same to the said persons in
the train-band or alarm-list. Also

“ Resolved, That the said committee dispose of the other two half
barrels of powder at a reasonable price to such of the inhabitants of
the town as have a mind to purchase the same with ready cash, to
use it in defense of their country.

“Voted unanimously. Attest,

“James SuLtivan, Moderator.”
Mr. Sullivan represented the town in the Provincial
Congress until its close, when he was appointed a justice
of the Superior Court. Soon after that he removed his
family to Groton, Mass.

“ A profound respect,” says Mr. Folsom, “ was ever entertained by
our inhabitants for the character and talents of Mr. Sullivan from
the period of his first settlement among them as a young attorney.
He was himself ready to acknowledge, at a late date, when holding
a high and enviable rank among his contemporaries, the obligations
which their favor had imposed on him. ‘I have a grateful remem-
brance,’ he says, in a letter to Col. Tristram Jordan, ‘of the marks
of confidence and the acts of kindness done me by the people on your
river, and whenever I can reciprocate their goodness, I shall cheer-
fully do it.’”

The patriotic views of Mr. Sullivan, ably and eloquently
expressed, at the commencement of hostilities with Great
Britain, materially assisted in securing a united support of
the war, and a harmony and concert of action in both
towns.*

“Rev. Mr. Morrill was ardently engaged in the same cause. This
gentleman, in the language of one intimately associated with him at
that period, ‘ was a superior man, of deportment noble and dignified,
seldom equaled and never surpassed in this quarter. To this was
added a capacity fully corresponding ; intelligent, easy of access, and
communicative, he ranked high as a scholar, as a divine, and as a
statesman. In such a melancholy season as our struggle for inde-
pendence, considering the general weakness or ignorance of the
people, the value of such a man was incalculable. So deep an in-
terest did he take in that all-important concern, as a statesman, he
spared no pains to guide every one into the right way, nor did he fail
in this. To his long standing there and the confidence of the people
in him, was it owing in a great measure that the principles of inde-
pendence were easily disclosed and gencrally embraced. A remark-
ably close and friendly intercourse between Mr. Morrill and Mr.
Sullivan, uniting their exertions, bore down all opposition.’ ”

The Committee of Correspondence, Inspection, and Safety
in Biddeford for 1776 was composed of Benjamin Nason,
Jonathan Smith, Joseph Morrill, John Dyer, and Amos
Gordon. The following order of the Massachusetts Council,
accompanied by a copy of the Declaration of Independence,
was received and complied with at this time:

“In Council, July 17, 1776, Ordered that the Declaration of Inde-
pendence be printed, and a copy sent to the ministers of each parish,
of every denomination within the State; and that they severally be
required to read the same to their respective congregations, as soon
as Divine service is ended in the afternoon, on the first Lord’s Day
after they shall receive it. And after such publication thereof, to
deliver the said Declaration to the clerks of their respective towns
or districts, who are hereby required to record the same in their re-
spective town or district books, there to remain as a perpetual
memorial thereof. In the name and by the order of the Council.

“R, Derby, President.”

 

* Folsom’s Saco and Biddeford, 279.

 

The Committee of Correspondence for 1777 consisted of
James Sullivan, Esq., Joseph Morrill, Obed Emery, Joseph
Tarbox, and James Emery. Thomas Cutts, Hsq., repre-
sented both towns in the Provincial Congress. Colonel
Cutts was devotedly attached to the cause of the Revolu-
tion, notwithstanding his private interests suffered by the
war to a very great extent. Fortunately for the country,
the zealous Whigs of that day considered their personal
losses as light in the scale, when weighed against the sacred
rights and cherished principles in defense of which they
took up arms.

Pepperellborough also had its Committee of Correspond-
ence, chosen Nov. 9, 1774, and both towns acted in
concert. The first committee consisted of Tristram Jor-
dan, Esq., Deacon Amos Chase, Paul Junkins, James Foss,
and James Scamman. Messrs. Cutts and Junkins were
appointed at the same time “ Delegates for a County Con-
gress.” A separate Committee of Inspection was raised
“to see that the several Resolves of the Continental, Pro-
vincial, and County Congresses be complied with in said Pep-
perellborough,” consisting of Tristram Jordan, Esq., Dea-
con Amos Chase, R. Patterson, Deacon 8. Scamman, Jo-
seph Libby, Humphrey Pike, and Dominicus Scamman.
At the March meeting, 1775, it was voted “to divide the
Militia Company of the District into four separate squad-
rons, to exercise half a day and once in every week for
three months to come, and to begin their exercises at two
o'clock in the afternoon, and to have a teacher to learn
them the military art, and said teacher to be paid out of
the District Treasury ; one part to be paid at the Old Or-
chard, so called; another, to be from Rumery’s to the lower
ferry ; another, from said Rumery’s up to the head of said
District (or town); and the other part at Dunstown, so
called.” The last division included the families settled on
the Scarborough road, adjoining the parish of Dunstan, in
that town. Rumery lived at the corner of Old Orchard
and the Ferry roads. It was also voted “to pay James
Sullivan, Esq., a proportional part of his time and expense
as a delegate to the Provincial Congress, with the town of
Biddeford, for the time passed.”

The Committee of Correspondence, Inspection, and Safety
for the following year were T. Jordan, Hsq., Deacon A.
Chase, Deacon 8. Scamman, Joseph Bradbury, and Richard
Burke.

When the first blood of the war was shed at Lexington,
York was the first town in Maine to send forward soldiers.
News of the battle reached that town in the evening after
the engagement. arly the next morning the inhabitants
assembled, enlisted a company of more than sixty men, fur-
nished them with arms and ammunition, and kuapsacks full
of provisions, and, under command of Capt. Johnson Moul-
ton, they marched fifteen miles on their way to Boston
that day, besides crossing the ferry at Portsmouth. Capt.
Moulton remained in the service, and rose to-the rank of
lieutenant-colonel in Scamman’s regiment.

In the summer of 1779 a meeting of the inhabitants of
Pepperellborough was called to see if they would send a
reinforcement to the army, when it was agreed that all
those, and those only, in the first place shall be drafted
that have not been heretofore drafted, and by law are liable
72 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

‘

to be drafted, except Lieut. James Foss’ son, who has
agreed to go into the Continental service; and when any
persons are drafted and shall pay their fine, said fine shall
be laid out in hiring men for said Continental service; and
what sum or sums of money may be wanting, after the
fines aforesaid be paid, the selectmen shall have full liberty
to raise on the inhabitants of Pepperellborough, in conse-
quence of a resolve of the Great and General Court, made
and passed June 9,1779. “The next year Capt. P. Jun-
kins, Elisha Ayer, Nicholas Dennett, James Foss, and
Thomas Dearing were chosen a Committee of Safety and
Correspondence. And it was voted to raise three hundred
and fifty pounds for the men raised to go to Camden, if
they go, otherwise to be paid to the treasurer for the town
service.” In October the town ‘ voted to raise money to
pay for the beef for the army, agreeable to a resolve of
Court.” In January, 1781, Messrs. Samuel Boothby and
James Coffin were appointed a committee “to hire six or
seven men as soldiers for the army on the town’s account,
and not to exceed thirteen dollars, with the Continental
pay per month.” The town was required at this time to
supply the army with eleven thousand and sixty-two pounds
of beef. The last Committee of Safety was chosen in 1782,
and consisted of Col. James Scamman, Capt. Joseph Brad-
bury, Lieut. Samuel Chase, Lieut. William Cole, and Mr.
James Coffin.

A large proportion of the inhabitants of these towns were
occasionally in the service of the country during the war.
Demands for men and provisions were constantly occurring,
and no towns were more prompt and liberal in contributing
to the wants of the army in both particulars. The exact
number of men furnished at different times cannot now be
ascertained, the necessary documents having perished. We
give a partial list, such as has been preserved in the valu-
able history of these towns by Mr. Folsom.

“Col. James Scamman led a regiment to Cambridge early in 1775,
and remained about one year. This gentleman was well fitted to
shine in the military profession, possessing energy, vigor of mind
and body, and gayety of temper that engaged the good-will and at-
tachment of those under his command. We have been assured by
those who served with him that his bravery could not be justly ques-
tioned, and yet a misdirection of his regiment on the memorable 17th
of June has been made the occasion of reproach. Col. Scamman
received orders to repair to Bunker Hill; while on the march, learn-
ing that the enemy were landing at Lechmere’s Point, he deemed it
his duty to advance on that quarter, and by this diversion failed to
be in the battle which followed on Bunker Hill. An investigation of
the colonel’s conduct soon after took place, before the proper tribunal,
when he was honorably acquitted. Attempts were, however, made to
injure his reputation by individuals who aspired to his commission,
and at the end of the year he resigned. Col. Scamman afterwards
entered into trade with his brother, Mr. Nathaniel Scamman, and
built the large house now in the rear of Messrs. Scamman & Andrews’
stone block, where at that period they both lived. The latter subse-
quently built the house now occupied by his son, Hon. George Scam-
man. The colonel died in 1804, at the age of sixty-four years,*

“Maj. Ebenezer Ayer accompanied Arnold in the expedition to
Canada through the wilderness of the Kennebec, and was distin-
guished for his energy and bravery at that time. It is said he had

 

* The following lines, furnished by Hon. Cyrus King, are inscribed
op his tomb: “ A man of infinite jest; of most excellent fancy.”
“This stone to strangers may impart
The place where Scamman lies;

But every friend consults his heart,
For there he never dies.”

 

the courage to saw off the pickets of an English fort to enable the
party to scale the walls, Maj. Ayer afterwards served in the engineer
department, with the rank of major. He did not return to Saco at
the close of the war.

“The late Jeremiah Hill, Hsq., enlisted a company for three years’
service, which he led to Boston. His brother, Daniel Hill (of Gor-
ham), held the commission of ensign. This company joined the regi-
ment of Col. Joseph Vose (of Milton), at West Point, and was at the
taking of Burgoyne, October, 1777. Capt. Hill returned at the expi-
ration of one year, having resigned his commission. In 1779 he was
appointed adjutant-general of the forces sent by the State to the
Penobscot River.

“The following names are those of non-commissioned officers and
privates in the Continental service from Biddeford: Bellamy Storer
(a brother of the Jate Capt. Seth Storer), who died at Mount Inde-
pendence, opposite Ticonderoga, 1776; Jobn Hill, a brother of Capt.
Hill, died of smallpox at Brooklyn Fort, Long Island, the same year,
where a grave-stone was erected to his memory. He was twenty two
years of age at the time of his death; Jotham Hill, son of Mr. Eben-
ezer Hill, died in the course of the war, near Albany; John Peirce,
lived at Limerick after the war; Aaron Gray (deceased), a prisoner
under the act of 1818; Noah Smith, James Urian, Ezekiel Gilpatrick,
John Griffin Davis, Samuel Gilpatrick, Nathaniel Gilpatrick, Caleb
Spofford (died in the war), John Lee, Joseph Linscott, William Haley,
James Pratt, Sylvanus Knox, Stephen Fletcher, Jonah MeLuecas (died
in the war), John Haley, died at Mount Independence; Josiah Davis.
Those surviving in 1830 were the following: Col. John Smith, of
Hollis; Jeremiah Bettis, Little River, in Biddeford; Ralph Emery,
Philip Goldthwaite, keeper of the Wood Island Light-House; Pela-
tiah Moore, Joseph Staples, Dominieus Smith, Benjamin Goodridge,
and Joseph Hanscomb, of Buxton.

“From Pepperellborough (now Saco) the following persons were in
the Continental service at some period of the war: John Googins,
killed at the action at Hubbardstown, July 7, 1777, the day after the
evacuation of Ticonderoga by the American troops. Jobn was in the

. rear-guard, commanded by Col. Francis, a very gallant officer, who

fell in the same engagement; Stephen Sawyer, son of David Sawyer,
Sr., died in the army; John Hooper, died during the war, at Boston ;
Abiel Beetle, Nicholas Davis, Jonathan Norton, Daniel Bryant, James
Scamman, son of Ebenezer Scamman, John Tucker, John Runnels,
John Ridlon, John Carll, Ebenezer Carll, Evans Carll, William Carll
(sons of Robert Carll, the name was often written Kearl), Levi Foss,
Pelatiah Foss,—the last fell at Ticonderoga (sons of Walter Foss) ;
Zachariah Foss, Elias Foss (sons of Joseph Foss), John Duren, An-
thony Starbird, William Starbird, died in the army; William Berry,
James Evans, Samuel Sebastian, died on North River ; Joseph Norton,
Maj. Stephen Bryant, afterwards an officer in the militia; Josiah
Davis, Josiah Richards.”

Those living in 1830 were Ephraim Ridlon, Stephen
Googins, who enlisted for the year 1776, and were in Capt.
Watkins’ company, under Col. Edmund Phinney, of Gor-
ham. Ephraim enlisted again in 1777, in Col. John Crane’s
regiment of artillery, and was gone three years, two of
which he was waiter to Gen. Knox; Thomas Means served
under Capt. Hart Williams, in Col. Phinney’s regiment;
Solomon Hopkins, James Edgecomb, Solomon Libby.

A company was raised for a short term of service in Feb-
ruary, 1776, from Buxton, Arundel, Biddeford, and Pep-
perellborough, commanded by Capt. John Elden, of Buxton.
The other officers were First Lieut. Amos Towne, of Arun-
del; Second Lieut. Samuel Scamman, of Saco; Ens. Jere--
miah Cole, of Biddeford. The subordinate officers and
privates from Biddeford were the following: Moses Brad-
bury, John Poak, Elijah Littlefield, Peirce Bickford,
Phineas McIntire, Thomas Gilpatrick, William Nason,
John Chase, Jonathan Stickney, Humphrey Dyer, Jacob
Townsend, Timothy Cole, Jedediah Smith, Eliakim Tarbox,
Jonathan Smith, John Gilpatrick, Chris. Gilpatrick, Dodi-
vah Bickford, Benjamin Woodman.
PERIOD OF THE REVOLUTION. 73

 

From Pepperellborough: Jerathuel Bryant, John Muche-
more, Daniel Field, David Clark, Abner Sawyer, Joseph
Norton, Andrew Patterson, David Sawyer, Jr., James Edge-
comb, Robert Bond, Daniel Field, Jr., Abraham Patterson,
Moses Ayer, John Young, Hezekiah Young, Joseph Pat-
terson, William P. Moody, Samuel Dennett, John Scam-
man, Samuel Lowell. The company belonged to a regiment
of militia under Col. Lemuel Robinson.

We find in the Buxton centennial the names of four
from that town who served in this company, furnished by
Cyrus Woodman, Esq. They were James, Joseph, Benja-
min, and John Woodman,—the latter a sergeant; there
were probably many others.

Of those from Arundel we find no record separate and
distinct from that of those who served in other companies
and regiments. Those from Buxton in Capt. Jeremiah
Hill’s company, of Biddeford, were as follows: Eddy Ward,
sergeant ; Phineas Towle, sergeant; John Elden, corporal ;
Matthias Redlon, corporal; John Cole, Nathan Woodman,
Samuel Merrill, Jr., Robert Brooks, William Andros, James
Redlon, Ezekiel Bragdon, John Sands, Micah Whitney,
Jonathan Fields, Joseph Goodwin, Samuel Woodsom, Ne-
hemiah Goodwin, Daniel Hill, ensign. These men enlisted
May 3, 1775, and formed part of Col. James Scamman’s
(30th) regiment of infantry. Col. Scamman and Capt. Hill
both resigned at the expiration of one year. Part of the
company joined the regiment of Col. Joseph Vose, at West
Point, and were at the surrender of Burgoyne. Part of them
were in the expedition against Ticonderoga and Crown
Point, in Capt. Jabez Lane’s company. Some of them
served with Washington in New Jersey and in the South-
ern campaign. John Cole was at the battle of Monmouth,
and Joseph Goodwin was with Washington when he crossed
the Delaware.

The following are the names of Buxton men who were
enlisted for three years and during the war by Capt. Daniel
Lane, of Col. Ichabod Alden’s regiment. The most of them
were attached to the 7th Regiment, Col. Brooks’, and were
in the Ticonderoga expedition with the forces of Gen.
Schuyler, and were present at the surrender of Burgoyne at
Saratoga. They were enlisted from Nov. 14, 1776, to
March 20, 1777, and were accredited to different towns in
Massachusetts: Daniel Lane, captain; David Redlon, Eb-
enezer Redlon, John Wilson, John Woodman, Nathan
Woodman, Nathan Woodman, Jr., Samuel Cole, Benjamin
Elwell, John Elwell, John Edgerly, Isaac Lane, John Cole,
John Cole, Jr., William Hancock. Also Samuel Woodsom,
John Woodsom, and John Smith, all of Buxton, appear on
the pay-roll of the company, October, 1778. Capt. Daniel
Lane was a prisoner, and was released Sept. 16, 1777, by
order of Gen. Burgoyne, on his parole, to go home to his
family. He served in the war till Jan. 1, 1780.

Capt. Jabez Lane, also of Buxton, served through most
of the Revolutionary war. He was captain of a company
in the 6th Massachusetts Regiment, Col. Thomas Nixon.
No muster-roll of his company has been found, but an ac-
count kept with his men shows the following names of Bux-
ton men, enlisted under his command: Benjamin Woodman,
Phineas Towle, Lemuel Rounds, Robert Brooks, Elijah
Bradbury, John Hancock, William Andros, Ebenezer Rid-

10

 

ley, John Boynton, Daniel Boynton, Ephraim Sands, Moses
Atkinson, James Woodman, Stephen Whitney, Richard
Clay; and from Goodman’s Narragansett, Samuel Brooks
and Hzekiel Bragdon are added, who enlisted in the com-
pany March 14, 1776.

John Lane, of Buxton, raised a company in 1775, and
was appointed captain of it. They were in Col. Foster's
regiment eight months, and stationed at Cape Ann, At
the expiration of this time they joined the regiment of
Col. Varnum, on Long Island, and were engaged in a
battle there. Col. Varnum’s regiment was in the army of
Washington, at Valley Forge, during the winter of 1777-78.
The Buxton men, as far as known, were John Lane Han-
cock, Elijah Bradbury, Joshua Woodman, Samuel Wood-
man,* Abiathar Woodsom, and Samuel Woodsom.

Stephen Whitney, Abijah Lewis, and Theodore Rounds,
from this town, were in the company of Capt. Hart Lewis, of
Gorham. They marched to Cambridge in 1775, and thence”
to Ticonderoga, in Col. Phinney’s regiment. William
Davis, Jonathan Whitney. and George Berry (?) were in
the company of Capt. Richard Mayberry, of Windham,
11th Massachusetts, Col. Benjamin Tupper; were at Bur-
goyne’s surrender and at the battle of Monmouth. Samuel
Rounds, Benjamin Emery, and John Smith enlisted in 1779
in Capt. Alexander McLellan’s company, Col. Jonathan
Whitney’s regiment, and were in the Penobscot expedition.
Daniel Emery and Joseph Rounds were in Col. Phinney’s
regiment, and at Burgoyne’s surrender. Thomas Harmon
was an orderly in Washington’s Life Guard. Caleb Hop-
kinson was one of Gen. Gates’ body-guard. Michael Rand
served five years; was under Gen. Stark when he defeated
Col. Baum at Bennington, Aug. 16, 1777, and after that
was with Gen. Greene at the South; fought at Cowpens,
Guilford Court-House, Eutaw Springs, and was at York-
town at the surrender of Cornwallis, Oct. 19, 1781; was
then discharged and walked home. Roger Plaisted and
Joshua Woodman were in the navy. Ebenezer Smith,
Gideon Elden, Winthrop Bradbury, and John Wentworth
served in the Revolutionary army nine months.

The town of Kennebunkport (then Arundel) took an
early and active part in the struggle for independence; the
list of its soldiers, as also the lists for Wells, Kennebunk,
York, Kittery, Berwick, Lyman, and the other towns rep-
resented in the army, will be found, so far as we have been
able to obtain them, in their respective town histories.

Among the important events which occurred during the
Revolution in Maine was the burning of Falmouth by the
British Capt. Mowatt, Oct. 18, 1775. Great distress
prevailed in the eastern part of the province this year.
Capt. James Littlefield, of Wells, was appointed deputy
commissary-general for the three counties in Maine, and
the Committee on Supplies was directed, during the recess
of the Provincial Congress, to grant succor out of the pub-
lic stores to any of the eastern inhabitants who might apply
for it. The eastern Indians, soon after the Declaration of
Independence, entered into a treaty of alliance with the
Americans. Truck-houses had been established for their
benefit at Fort Pownal and at Machias.

 

* Samuel Woodman was one of Washington’s Life-Guard.
74 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

In 1775 the Continental Congress first established a
general post-office, and put it in operation from Georgia to
Maine.

CHAPTER XXI.
UNDER THE CONSTITUTION OF MASSACHUSETTS.

State Senators from Maine—County Attorneys—Circuit Courts of
Common Pleas—Militia—War of 1812—Movement for the Erec-
tion of Maine into a State—Brunswick Convention—Portland Con-
vention—Adoption of the Constitution—Delegates who signed it
from the Towns of York County.

Unper the State constitution of Massachusetts, adopted
June 14, 1780, Maine was constituted a district, entitled
to four State senators. York County was allowed two,
and Cumberland and Lincoln Counties one each. The
senators elected for York County were Edward Cutts, of
Kittery, and Benjamin Chadbourne, of Berwick. In 1800
seven senators were assigned to Maine, of whom York
County had two. In 1811 the apportionment of State sen-
ators allowed Maine ten, and seven representatives in Con-
gress. The First Congressional District embraced most of
York County, from which Hon. Cyrus King, of Saco, was
returned. On the 24th of February, 1813, nine senators
instead of ten were apportioned to Maine.

In 1807, under Governor Sullivan’s administration,
county attorneys were made appointable by the Governor
and Council, instead of by the Court of Sessions, and held
office at the pleasure of the appointing power. Those for
York County under Governor Sullivan’s and Gerry’s ad-
ministrations were Dudley Hubbard and William Pitt
Preble.

By the rearrangement of the judiciary in 1811, Cir-
cuit Courts of Common Pleas were established, and three
circuits assigned to Maine. Of the first circuit, composed
of York, Cumberland, and Oxford Counties, the judges
were Benjamin Greene, William Widgery, and Judah Dana.

Militia laws were passed March 3, 1781, and March 21,
1783, making all able-bodied men between sixteen and fifty
eligible to duty. The militia in the District of Maine was
arranged into one hundred and twenty companies, and finally
classed into thirteen regiments, three brigades, and two
divisions. In the Massachusetts enumeration the divisions
were the sixth and seventh. Ichabod Goodwin, of Ber-
wick, was chosen by the General Court major-general of
the former, embracing the militia of York and Cumberland
Counties.

Of the committee on public lands, Nathaniel Wells, of
Wells, and Nathan Dane, of Beverly, were appointed mem-
bers, March 19, 1784.

War was declared against Great Britain, June 18, 1812.
Additional taxes as well as privations were necessarily
among the incidents of the war. Of the three million dol-
lars directly levied by Congress on the lands of the United
States, to be collected after the ensuing January, seventy-
four thousand two hundred and twenty dollars were appor-
tioned to Maine,—a tax which the majority of the people
paid with patriotic spirit. Hnlistments were animated, and
it is believed that a larger number of troops were recruited

 

for the army in Maine than in any one of the States, accord-
ing to the population.

The government called for one hundred thousand militia,
of which Maine’s quota was two thousand five hundred.
There were at this time in the district, including cavalry
and artillery, twenty-one thousand one hundred and twenty-
one men. The number and names of those who actually
entered the service from York County it is impossible to
obtain.

The following is a partial list of the companies, and the
towns to which they belonged :

COMPANIES FROM YORK COUNTY IN THE WAR OF
1812-14.

Capt. Edward Small’s company, of Limington.

Capt. Joseph Stevenson's company, of Limerick.

Capt. James Ayer’s detached company of infantry.

Lieut. David Maxwell’s company, of Wells.

Lieut. George Wheelwright’s company, of Wells.

Capt. Joseph Howard’s detached company of artillery.

Capt. B. Thompson’s company detached militia.

Sergeant's Guard, John S. Thompson.

Capt. Thomas Cutts’ company, of Kittery.

Capt. James Woodman’s company, of Buxton.

Capt. Daniel Appleton’s company, of Buxton.

Lieut. Seth Fairfield’s company, Saco and Biddeford.

Capt. Rufus McIntire’s company United States artillery,
two hundred men in service in Canada eighteen months.

On the 6th of September, 1786, a convention was held
at Falmouth to consider the question of a separation from
Massachusetts and the formation of Maine into a State.

The delegates present from York County were Thomas
Perkins, from Arundel; Nathaniel Low, from Berwick ;
Henry Y. Brown, James Haywood, Samuel Haywood, from
Brownfield ; Samuel Knight, Nathaniel Hill, from Buxton;
Joseph Frye, Paul Langdon, Daniel Fessenden, Isaac
Walker, Nathaniel Merrill, from Fryeburg; John Storer,
from Wells. Resolutions were adopted favoring the erec-
tion of the counties of York, Cumberland, and Lincoln into
a separate State, and a committee was appointed to petition
the General Court to that effect. The petition was not
granted, and the subject rested till after the war of 1812-14,
when it was again renewed and warmly advocated by many
leading men in the district.

In January, 1815, a petition was presented to the Legis-
lature of Massachusetts from forty-nine towns, in their cor-
porate capacity, in Maine, and by individuals in nearly as
many others, asking for the privilege of calling a convention
to adopt a State constitution.

The Legislature submitted the question to the people of
Maine to be voted upon,— Shall the Legislature be re-
quested to give its consent to the separation of the District
of Maine from Massachusetts, and the erection of said dis-
trict into a separate State ?”—requiring the affirmative, the
negative, and the whole number of votes in each municipal
corporation to be certified and sent under seal to the Secre-
tary of State.

At the session in June, 1816, the returns were counted,
and it was found that there were 10,393 yeas, 6501 nays,
and the whole number of voters 37,828, showing that a
BENCH AND BAR OF YORK COUNTY. 75

 

majority of the freemen had not voted upon the question.
Notwithstanding this result, the Legislature, upon a petition
of most of the representatives from Maine, granted a bill
of consent for the separation, which became a law on the
20th of June, 1816.

On the first Monday in September the inhabitants of the
towns and plantations of the District met to vote upon the
question, and also to choose delegates to meet in conven-
tion at the meeting-house in Brunswick on the last Monday
of the same month, and if they found that a majority of five
to four, at least, of the votes returned, were in favor of
the proposed separation, the convention was authorized to
frame a constitution. The names of the members of this
convention we have not been able to obtain. The number
of delegates was 185. William King was elected president,
and Samuel K. Whiting secretary. There were 11,969
yeas, and 10,347 nays, presenting a result much less than
the statute majority required. The report did not satisfy
the Massachusetts Legislature that the statute had been
fairly compiled with, and the convention, which had ad-
journed to meet on the third Tuesday in December, was
dissolved by that body.

In May, 1818, about seventy towns in Maine petitioned
the Legislature for another separation act, which was
granted on the 19th of June. The votes taken under this
act showed 17,091 in favor, and only 7132 against the sep-
aration. The Governor issued his proclamation announcing
the result, and delegates being chosen, assembled October
11th, to the number of 269, at Portland. William King
was chosen president, and Robert C. Vose secretary. A
committee of thirty-three, selected from each county, was
raised to prepare a constitution, John Holmes, of York,
being chairman. The committee continued their labors
from day to day till the work assigned them was completed,
Oct. 19, 1819. The members from York County who
signed the constitution, and the towns which they repre-
sented, were as follows: Elihu Bragdon, David Wilcox,
York ; Alexander Rice, Kittery; Joseph Thomas, Wells ;
William Hobbs, Nathaniel Hobbs, Richard F. Cutts, Ber-
wick; George Thacher, Seth Spring, Biddeford; Simon
Nowell, Arundel; William Moody, Ether Shepley, George
Thacher, Jr., Saco; David Legrow, Lebanon; Gideon
Elden, Josiah Paine, Edmund Woodman, Buxton ; John
Low, John Burbank, Lyman ; John Leighton, Shapleigh ;
David Marston, Abner Keazer, Parsonsfield; Samuel Bra-
deen, Henry Hobbs, Waterborough ; David Boyd, Liming-
ton; Thomas A. Johnson, Cornish ; John Holmes, Alfred ;
Ellis B. Usher, Timothy Hodgdon, Hollis; Benjamin
Greene, South Berwick ; John Burnham, Limerick.

CHAPTER XXII
BENCH AND BAR OF YORK COUNTY.

Progress of the Profession of Law in Maine—Early Lawyers—Irregular
Practice—Bar Regulations—Biographical Sketches—Customs of

the Early Courts.

Durine the exercise of royal authority in Massachusetts
and Maine under the charter of 1691, the administration

 

of justice went on pretty uniformly, and without essential
changes. In none of the common-law courts were any
lawyers on the bench, except in the Superior Court, and in
that, at intervals, only four, viz., Judges Lynde, Dudley,
Trowbridge, and William Cushing. The first act relating
to attorneys was one passed in 1663, by which they were
rendered ineligible to seats as deputies in the General Court.
The next was passed in 1701, prescribing the form of oath
to be taken on admission to the bar, and their fees, limiting
them to “twelve shillings in the Superior Court, and ten
shillings in the Inferior Court, and no more, any usage to
the contrary notwithstanding.” This could not be com-
plained of, as the judges at this time did not receive over
fifty pounds a year for their services.

The clear and concise rules for legal practice published in
the second volume of Reports were first introduced in 1806.
They aimed, among other things, to maintain the character
and purity of the profession. Examiners were appointed
in each county consisting of the best qualified lawyers,
who were carefully to examine candidates for admission,
both as attorneys to the Common Pleas and as counselors
to the Supreme Court. The requirements for admission
were good moral character, three years’ study with a coun-
selor-at-law, if having graduated at a college; otherwise
the candidate was required faithfully to devote seven years
at least to the acquisition of scientific and legal knowledge,
three years of which should be spent in professional studies
with some counselor-at-law. This rule prevailed till 1843,
when the Legislature of the State, under some strange in-
fluence, enacted that “Any citizen of this State, of good
moral character, on application to the Supreme Court, shall
be admitted to practice as an attorney in the judicial courts
of this State.” The evil effects of this act were remedied
in the act passed in 1859, by which “ three or more persons
learned in the law” were appointed in each county by the
Supreme Court to “examine thoroughly into the qualifica-
tions of applicants for admission to practice.” No person
could be admitted under this law without the certificate of
the court, the payment of his dues, and the usual oath,
which was the one originally prescribed.

Willis, in his “ History of the Courts and Lawyers of
Maine,” says that the profession of law made slow progress
in the province, owing to the unsettled state of civil affairs
and trouble with the Indians, for more than a century after
the beginning of colonization. “It was not until after all fear
of Indian depredations had been removed that encourage-
ment was given for permanent occupation and extensive
improvement. And it was not, therefore, until that very
period that educated lawyers began to seek this territory
for the practice of their profession.”’

NOAH EMERY.

Noah Emery, a native of Kittery, was the earliest resi-
dent lawyer in Maine. Although not specially educated
for the bar, he possessed much legal acumen and good abil-
ities. His trade was that of a cooper, and he began the
practice of law in 1725. He was descended from Anthony
Emery, who came to America from Romsey, England, with
his brother John, and settled in Kittery, where, and through
Maine and New Hampshire, his descendants are numerous
76 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

and many of them distinguished. Noah Emery was the ~

son of Daniel Emery and Eliza, a daughter of William
Gowen, and was born in that part of ancient Kittery now
Eliot, Dec. 11, 1699. He married for his first wife Eliza-
beth Chick, of Kittery, Jan. 22, 1722, and for his second
wife Mrs. Sarah Cooper, of Berwick, Oct. 30,1740. His
will, dated Jan. 1, 1761, was approved Jan. 6, 1762; in
this he names but five children, viz., his eldest son Daniel,
Noah, Richard, Japheth, and John. To Noah and Rich-
ard he devised lands in New Hampshire, from which it is
inferred by Mr. Willis that he was the ancestor of the Hx-
eter family, in which the grandfather and father of Judge
Nicholas Emery, formerly of Portland, were named Noah.
They were probably the son and grandson of the subject of
this notice. Myr. Emery had an extensive legal practice,
and was several times, between 1741 and 1759, appointed
king’s attorney. He died in 1762.

CALEB EMERY.

Caleb Emery, who was either a brother or a cousin of
Noah Emery, succeeded him in practice. He was admitted
to the bar of the Common Pleas in York County in 1750,
as appears from a record of his oath before the Judges, Sir
William Pepperell, Jeremiah Moulton, and Simon Frost.
Besides his professional duties, Mr. Emery was generally
employed in agricultural pursuits. He commenced prac-
tice in Kittery, whence he subsequently removed to York.
In 1761 he was appointed king’s attorney by the Common
Pleas,—the duties of this office being similar to that of
county or district attorney at the present day. He retired
from practice during the war of the Revolution, and ap-
pears never to have resumed it.

JOHN EMERY.

John Emery, another one of this family, was in practice
as a lawyer in 1752; but little has been recorded of his
connection with the courts, from which it has been inferred
that his practice was not continued long.

We find in Willis’ “ History” the following notes of
irregular practice taken from the York records :

“Tn the July term, 1767, out of twenty-five entries, Thomas Brag-
don, John Frost, Col. Donnell, and Col. Sparhawk made ten, while
Jobn Sullivan made five, James Sullivan two, and David Sewall eight.
In the April term, 1774, Wyer, of Falmouth, made twenty entries,
Caleb Emery seven, Sewall thirty-two, James Sullivan twenty-four,
and John Sullivan nine; irregular practitioners but six. John Adams
(subsequently President of the United States), in his diary, speaks
repeatedly of the evils arising from the practice of uneducated and
ignorant men, as deputy sheriffs, etc., drawing writs and other pro-
ceedings. It became so great an abuse that it was prohibited by law.
Under date of 1763 (he says) the bar agreed upon four rules: 1st, That
nobody should enter a suit but the plaintiff himself, or some sworn
attorney, and that a general power should not be admitted. 2d, That
no attorney’s fee should be allowed where the declaration was not
drawn by the plaintiff or a sworn attorney. 3d, That no attendance
should be taxed, unless the party attended personally, or by a sworn
attorney. 4th, That no attorney be allowed to practice in the Su-
perior or Inferior Courts, unless duly sworn. When these rules were
presented to the court for adoption, James Otis sharply opposed
them, on the ground that ‘all schemes to suppress pettifoggers must
rest on the henor of the bar.’ The members of the bar were indig-
nant at Otis for his opposition, and abused him without measure.
Mr. Adams says that soon after his admission to the bar, in 1758, he
ound the ‘ practice of law was grasped into the hands of deputy

 

sheriffs, pettifoggers, and even constables, who filled all the writs
upon bonds, promissory notes, and accounts, and received the fees
established for lawyers, and stirred up many unnecessary suits.’ ”

DAVID SEWALL.

David Sewall, a native of York, born in 1735, was de-
scended from Henry Sewall, the first emigrant of the name,
through John Sewall, son of Henry and brother of Chief
Justice Stephen Sewall. He was a classmate at Harvard
College with John Adams and Charles Cushing, where he
graduated in 1755, and, after studying law with Judge
William Parker, of Portsmouth,—whose daughter, Mary,
he afterwards married,—established himself in practice at
York in 1759. He continued to practice, with much suc-
cess, in connection with his duties as register of probate, to
which office he was appointed in 1766, until his appointment
as associate justice of the Supreme Court of Massachusetts
in 1777. After an honorable service of twelve years in
this court he was appointed by President Washington, in
1789, a judge of the United States Court for the District
of Maine. We give the commission, together with the com-
mencement of the record of the court, which was made
in the elegant handwriting of Henry Sewall, the first clerk:
“Records of the District Court of the U. S., begun and held at Port-

land, within and for the District of Maine, on the first Tuesday

of December, 4.p. 1789, being the fifth day of the same month.
“The court being opened, the commissions following were read:

[seaL.] “Grorar Wasuineton, President of the U. S. of A.
“To all who shall see these presents, Greeting :

“ Know ye that, reposing special trust and confidence in the wisdom,
uprightness, and learning of David Sewall, of Maine District, Esq., I
have nominated, and by and with the advice and consent of the Senate,
do appoint him Judge of the District Court in and for the said Dis-
trict; and do authorize and empower him to execute and fulfill the
duties of that office according to the Constitution and Laws of the
U.S. And to have and to hold said office, with all the powers, priv-
ileges, and emoluments to the same of right pertaineth unto to him,
the said David Sewall, during his good behavior.”

The commission is dated Sept. 26, 1789, and signed
“George Washington.”

Dec. 1, 1789, Judge Sewall took the oath prescribed by
law before Samuel Freeman, Richard Codman, John Froth-
ingham, and Daniel Davis, justices of the peace.

On the same day the oaths prescribed by law were re-
spectively administered by Judge Sewall to William Lith-
gow, Jr., as district attorney, and to Henry Dearborn as
marshal, whose commissions also bear date Sept. 26, 1789.

The next year after his appointment it fell to the lot of
Judge Sewall to have the first trial for piracy which had
occurred under the new government. The prisoner—
Thomas Bird—was convicted and executed in Portland in
June, 1790. Gen. Henry Dearborn was marshal, and
officiated at the execution. Judge Sewall held this office
until 1818, discharging its duties with great fidelity and
urbanity, when the infirmities of age admonished him to
retire frorh all active labors. He was president of the
Board of Overseers of Bowdoin College fourteen years,
and nearly seventeen years register of probate in York
County. He died in 1825, at the age of ninety, having
filled the office of judge forty-one years. He left no fam-
ily. Judge Sewall was a man of great benevolence, unas-
suming in his deportment, social and amiable in his manners,
and of great purity of character.
MOSES EMERY,

the oldest member of the York County bar, was born July 16,
1794, at Minot Corners, Me. The name of Emery is of Nor-
man origin; was introduced into England in 1066 by Gilbert
D’Armory, of Tours, in Normandy, a follower of William the
Conqueror, and with him at the battle of Hastings. In 1635,
John and son, John, and Anthony, his brother, born in Romsey,
in Nantes, England, embarked from Southampton in the ship
“ James,” Capt. Cooper, and landed in Boston, Mass., June 3d of
that year. They at once proceeded to Newbury, where John
settled, and died in 1683. Anthony came to Kittery, Me.

Moses Emery’s grandfather, Moses, came from Newbury, and
settled in Minot, Androscoggin Co., where Moses Emery, Jr.,
father of the subject of this sketch, was born in 1772, and was
the first white male child born in that town. He married
Susannah Woodward, of Cape Ann, who was born in 1775,
and died in 1845. He died
in Minot, at the age of eighty-
seven, Moses remained with
his parents and grandparents
until seventeen years of age,
and became inured to more
than ordinary hardships dur-
ing boyhood. It was during
this period of his life that he
conceived the idea of obtaining
an education. In this project
he was strongly opposed by
his father, who, like many men
of the early days, thought
manual labor the only way to
obtain an honest livelihood.

With the assistance of his
Uncle Stephen, afterwards
judge of probate, attorney-gen-
eral, and judge of the District
Court of Maine, he obtained
some Latin books, and, unaided
by teachers, during his times of
rest and nights gained a good
knowledge of Virgil, Sallust,
and Cicero. In the fall of
1813 he attended Bridgton
Academy and pursued the
study of Greek, and the fol-
lowing winter taught school ;
but his labors were all at once cut short, when his father came
for him and he was obliged to return to the farm. During this
experience away from home he had saved forty dollars, besides
paying all his expenses.

In 1814 he went to Brunswick after his Uncle Stephen to
come to Minot to spend his vacation, and, through his influence
while there, was examined, passed favorably by the board, re-
ceived his ticket of admission to Bowdoin College, with leave of
absence for one year.

Upon his return home his certificate cleared him from a
draft then being made to protect the country from the invasion
of the British fleet, and was also a sudden surprise to his father,
who knew nothing of his fitting for college, and at once put
Moses in charge of his uncle, Nathan Emery, a Methodist
minister in Brooklyn, N. Y., who got him a place in a dry-goods
store on Broadway, New York, as cashier. In August, 1815,
having reached his majority, he came to Boston by boat,
thence to Brunswick on foot, and upon examination was admitted
to the sophomore cl. i from which he grad-

 

 

CO fle b-ree-4

 

uated in 1818. During his college course he was a teacher at
Brunswick, in the Buckfield High School and at Hebron Acad-
emy, to get funds to complete his college course. In college he
excelled in mathematics and the languages, and ever since he
has had a fondness for their review, and even in 1879, at the
age of eighty-four, he is engaged in a review of the Latin.

Mr. Emery studied law with Judge Bailey, at Wiscasset, and
was there admitted to the bar in August, 1821, where he re-
mained in practice with the judge and by himself until August,
1825, when he married Sarah C., daughter of Marshal Thorn-
ton, and settled in Saco, where he has been in the practice of
the law since. He found a galaxy of talent at the York bar.
There were John Holmes, John and Ether Shipley, Daniel
Goodenow, John Fairfield, Nathan Clifford, and others; but he
soon gained a large practice, and held it until he was sixty-
five years old, when he began
to give up his court practice to
his son, George A., and has
since confined himself to office
work.

Mr. Emery was never a
studied orator, but always
aimed to reach the sympathies
and the consciences of the jury.
He always took a deep interest
in equity cases, and such was
his success that in nineteen
cases he only lost two. He is
known to the bar of York and
adjoining counties as a lawyer
of sound discretion, safe coun-
selor, and honest in the trial
of a cause, and his residence
in Saco for a period of sixty-
four years has made his name
familiar, both as a citizen and
a lawyer; as a man, esteemed
for his integrity of purpose,
his honesty of conviction, and
for his strong will power to
Photo. by Carleton, Saco. carry forward whatever he con-
ceives to be right to a success-
ful issue. In politics he was
a Whig until Webster made
his 7th of March speech; was a
member of the county committee for twenty years, and of the
State committee four years. Without solicitation on his part or
being nominated, he was once voted for for member of Congress,
and came within three hundred votes of an election. In 1836-37
he was a member of the Legislature, and obtained against the
opposition of the Portland delegation and John Holmes the
charter of the Portland, Saco and Portsmouth Railroad, which
charter he draughted. He has been fully identified with the
interest of law and order and the education of the young; and
when his place in society becomes vacant the people of Saco will
miss one of their most honored and useful citizens.

His children living are Thornton C., of Nevada; Charles C.,
a farmer in Kansas; and George A., a graduate of Bowdoin in
the class of ’63, studied law with his father, was admitted to
the bar in 1866, and has practiced law in Saco since. He was
first judge of the Municipal Court of the city of Saco, from
March, 1867, for four years; appointed recorder in 1871 for
four years; acting judge, from April, 1873, to March, 1874;
and reappointed recorder in March, 1878.
BENCH AND BAR OF YORK COUNTY. 77

 

DANIEL SEWALL.

Daniel Sewall was born March 28, 1755. He was ap-
pointed register of probate by Governor Hancock, March,
1783, and held the office till 1820. In 1792 was appointed
clerk of the Court of Common Pleas; had been assistant
clerk to Timothy Frost eleven years. His contract with
Mr. Frost at first was to work for him from sun to sun for
one shilling per day. When the law of 1797 made clerks
of the Common Pleas recording clerks of the Supreme
Court, he received that appointment for York County, and
held it, with the exception of 1811, till 1820. He was
appointed postmaster of York by Hon. Timothy Pickering
in 1792, which office he retained fifteen years. In 1815
he removed to Kennebunk, where he died.

HENRY SEWALL.

Henry Sewall, already referred to as the first clerk of the
District Court of the United States for Maine, was the
eldest brother of Daniel Sewall, and was born Oct. 24, 1752 ;
joined the army at the age of twenty-three and served hon-
orably through the Revolution, rising to the rank of cap-
tain.

DANIEL FARNHAM.

Daniel Farnham was a lawyer of ability, who practiced
extensively in the courts both of York and Cumberland
Counties before the Revolution. He was a graduate of
Harvard College in 1739, and was several times appointed
county attorney for York County. He died in 1776, aged
fifty-six years. His daughter, Sibyl, married Dr. Micajah
Sawyer, a celebrated physician of Newburyport, and was
the mother of Dr. William Sawyer, Harvard College, 1788,
who died in Boston in 1859, aged eighty-eight. He left
also a son, William. Levi Lincoln, the elder, of Worces-
ter, studied law with Mr. Farnham.

JAMES SULLIVAN.

James Sullivan was among the most prominent and
widely-known lawyers of this county. He was born in
Berwick in 1744, studied law with his brother John, in
Durham, New Hampshire, and opened an office in George-
town, on the Kennebec, in 1767. He remained there but
two years, when he removed to Biddeford. He was a very
active and influential Whig at the outbreak of the Revolu-
tion, and from its commencement to the close of his life, in
1808, was constantly in official stations, as member of the
Provincial and Continental Congresses, member of the
Legislature, commissary of troops, judge of the Superior
Court, attorney-general, commissioner of the United States,
and Governor of Massachusetts. He died Dec. 10, 1808.
Amidst all these multiplied duties, he found time to engage
largely in literary labors, as the historian of Maine, a con-
tributor to the collections of the Massachusetts Historical
Society, of which he was a prime mover and the first pres-
ident, and, as a politician, to the public press. No man of
his time was more full of active and successful labor than
this accomplished lawyer and able advocate.

At a meeting of gentlemen from several towns, held in
Falmouth, Nov. 4, 1775, at Col. Tyng’s house, Col.
Mitchell moderator, “Mr. James Sullivan was chosen

 

commander-in-chief of the militia and other companies
now in pay in the province.” ‘‘ Voted, that four persons
be appointed to assist Mr. Sullivan. Voted, that Col.
Mitchell be second in command; Col. Fogg, third.” Mr.
Sullivan was then but thirty-one years old.

The following characteristic language is from a letter by
him to Samuel Freeman, then in the Provincial Congress,

Jan. 21, 1776:

“T am surprised the militia bill is where you mention in your last.
I fear our country will owe its destruction to the squeamishness of our
General Court. Bold and manly strides are necessary in war; what
is done amiss in war may be set right in time of peace.”

“No lawyer,” says Willis, ‘“ was thought better able than he to com-
pete with the able jurists of Massachusetts ; and he and Parsons were
very often engaged on opposite sides of a controversy, when the con-
flict was severe, and in a high degree interesting. Their strong an-
tagonism in politics also gave a zest to their encounters; which, how-
ever, from men of such superior intellect, were generally courteous
and respectful. On one occasion Sullivan became much excited in a
cause in which he was opposed by Parsons, and exclaimed, ‘I thank
God, I never took a bribe from any man.’ Parsons coolly replied, ‘I
thank God, I never met a man who dared offer me one.’ ”

It has been said that Governor Sullivan, when engaged
in the examination of aged witnesses in court, would often
lead his inquiries into a historical line, in order to extract
information which would enable him to accumulate mate-
rials for his ‘ History of Maine.”

Biographies of these distinguished men have recently
been published in extended form,—that of Parsons, by his
son, the Professor of Law at Harvard, and that of Sulli-
van by his grandson, Mr. Amory, of Boston.

The three brothers, John, Ebenezer, and James Sulli-
van, were all distinguished men. They possessed ability,
wit, and astuteness, which they inherited from both father
and mother, who were natives of Ireland, and settled in this
county in 1723. The father, William Sullivan, was a
highly-educated man, well skilled in classical literature, and
a teacher of the classics. He died in Berwick, in 1796, at
the age of one hundred and four years. The son, John,
after trying his hand at sea, studied law in the office of Mr.
Livermore, of Portsmouth, commenced practice in New
Market, New Hampshire, whence he soon moved to Dur-
ham, where he occupied a high position as a lawyer, gen-
eral, member of Congress, attorney-general, and President
of New Hampshire, and died, aged fifty-four, in 1795.

William Symmes, a famous lawyer of Portland, fre-
quently attended the courts in York. In the course of a
trial in an action of trespass concerning a lot ot boards,
Symmes, in his formal, dignified manner, spoke of the
“sanctity” of this pile of lumber. Ebenezer Sullivan and
other members of the bar were amused with the use of the
word in that connection, and Sullivan wrote an impromptu
nearly as follows:

“ Moses of old, who led the Jewish race,
Forbid but one, and that the holy place;
Even God himself forbade that wood or stone
Should have the homage due to Him alone;
But Symmes, with wisdom greater than divine,
Finds sanctity in boards and slabs of pine.”

It was very common for the wits of the bar at that time
to amuse themselves in writing squibs and bon mots during
the tedious processes of trials.
78

HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

CUSTOMS OF THE EARLY COURTS.

It was the custom among the early members of the
courts while on the circuits to have evening gatherings, at
which the favorite beverages of the day, flip and punch,
were freely circulated ; and the gay seasons were often pro-
tracted through the long hours of the night. On these
occasions they frequently held mock courts, in which one
of their number was appointed judge, and trials took place
for breaches of good fellowship, or some imaginary offenses.
On one of these occasions, in York County, Mr. Lowell,
afterwards United States judge, arrived during the session
of the court at Biddeford, and tying his horse at the door
of the tavern, went in to seek lodgings. But the landlord
being unable to accommodate him, he was obliged to obtain
other quarters, and inadvertently left his horse all night at
the door where he was first hitched. This was considered
in the mock court a high offense, for which he was called
to answer; the landlord was also placed on trial for the
neglect of the horse. David Farnham was appointed judge.
After a long hearing and argument, the landlord was fined
a bowl of good punch for his neglect, and Lowell was fined
twice as much for suffering the poor animal to remain all
night at the door. The sentence was carried into imme-
diate execution. Mr. Lowell, born in Newbury, in 1743,
became a distinguished judge of the United States Court,
and father of the no less distinguished sons, John, Francis
C., and Charles Lowell. He died in 1802.*

‘On another occasion, Noah Emery was accused of call-
ing High-Sheriff Leighton a fool. For this weighty offense
he was brought before the court, and the allegation being
proved, the court, taking into consideration the cireum-
stances of the offense, ordered Emery to pay one pipe
of tobacco, and the sheriff to pay one mug of flip for de-
serving the appellation.

inuring to the benefit of the company, of which both ac-
cuser and accused were partakers.”’

JUDGE THACHER.

The successor of Mr. Sullivan at Biddeford was George

The equity of this admirable |
institution will be at once perceived in the exact justice .
that was measured out to both parties, the penalties always |

Thacher, a descendant from Anthony Thacher, who came |

to this country in 1633. Mr. Thacher was born at Yar-
mouth, Cape Cod, April 12,1754. His father was Peter
Thacher, and his mother a daughter of George Lewis, of
Barnstable. He graduated at Harvard in 1776, and pur-
sued what was then a common path from college to the

bar, that of school-teaching, while preparing for his profes- |

sion.
stable, and commenced practice in York in 1780 or 1781.

He studied law with Shearjashub Bourne, of Barn- |

In 1782 he removed to Biddeford, where the greater part

of his life was spent.
member of the old Congress; on the adoption of the Con-
stitution of the United States, Maine was constituted one
district, and he was elected the first representative from
Maine in the new Congress.
sive elections till 1801, when, on being appointed a judge
of the Supreme Court of Massachusetts, he resigned his

 

* Lawyers and Courts of Maine, p. 102.

In 1788, Mr. Thacher was elected a |

He held the office by succes-

 

seat. He was the only representative from Maine till 1793,
when it became entitled to three representatives, and Peleg
Wadsworth, of Portland, and Henry Dearborn, of Gardiner,
were chosen as his colleagues.

While in Congress Judge Thacher took an active part in
the important debates of the times, and his speeches were
able and forcible, and rendered peculiarly effective by his
masterly wit and satire. The anecdote of the challenge
sent to him while in Congress is familiar. A member had
offered a proposition that the coin to be issued from the
mint should bear the figure of an eagle. Mr. Thacher, by
way of banter, offered an amendment, that the effigy should
be a goose, for the old bird, said he, could be represented
upon the large pieces, while the goslings would be suitable
for the small ones. This he sustained in a humorous
speech, which kept the House in a merry mood; he
alluded to the fact that Rome had once been saved from
the barbarians by the cackling of geese. The mover of
the bill, assuming that this was an attempt to insult him,
sent a challenge. Mr. Thacher told the bearer that he had
no right to hazard his life on such chances, but would write
to his wife, and if she consented he would accept the chal-
lenge. But as a compromise, he proposed that his figure
might be marked on a barn-door, and if the challenger,
standing at the proper distance, hit it, he would acknowl-
edge himself shot. The gentleman’s friends finding they
could do nothing with Mr. Thacher, abandoned the matter.

Judge Thacher was a sound and acute lawyer, and a
good general scholar. He carried to the bench a mind
well stored with legal principles, and a memory always
ready to furnish, from its ample stores, authority for unre-
ported cases and fitting illustrations from observation and
general literature. His integrity and impartiality were
never questioned, though his manner upon the bench was
not always pleasant. He was a man of genial temper in
private life, of agreeable social habits, and remarkable con-
versational powers. Judge Thacher married, July 20,
1784, Mary, daughter of Samuel Phillips Savage, of
Weston, Mass., by whom he had five sons and five daugh-
ters, all of whom but one daughter survived him. Of the
sons, George and Samuel Phillips Savage were educated
for the bar, and, after many years’ practice, are both dead.
In his domestic relations Judge Thacher was a kind and
indulgent husband and father, and his dwelling of peaceful
enjoyment and generous hospitality. He continued upon
the bench until January, 1824, and died in April of that
year.

DUDLEY HUBBARD.

Dudley Hubbard was the first regularly educated lawyer
who settled in South Berwick. He was born in Ipswich,
Mass., March 3, 1763, and was probably descended from
Col. Nathaniel Hubbard. He graduated at Harvard Col-
lege, in the class of 1786, with Timothy Bigelow, Alden
Bradford, and Chief Justice Parker. On leaving college
he immediately commenced the study of his profession
with Daniel Davis, of Portland; was admitted to the bar
in Cumberland County in 1789, and established himself in
that part of Berwick which, in 1814, was incorporated as
South Berwick. This was a beautiful and prosperous vil-
lage, containing an unusual number of well-educated and
BENCH AND BAR

OF YORK COUNTY. 79

 

cultivated persons. Ebenezer Sullivan, a brother of John
and James, was then in practice there. He was brilliant
and eloquent, like his brothers, but irregular and desultory
in his habits. He had served in the army of the Revolu-
tion, and was captain of one of the two companies raised
in South Berwick at the beginning of the war. He after-
wards commanded a force on the western frontier in sub-
duing the Indians.

Mr. Hubbard soon rose to prominence in his profession,
many of his clients being from Boston, with which Ber-
wick was much connected in trade. He was for many
years the leading lawyer of the York bar, and occasionally
practiced in other counties. Being a very eloquent advo-
cate, and uniting with a fine personal appearance, a pleasing
address and dignified manners, he was soon introduced to
an extensive and lucrative practice. His large business and
standing at the bar drew numerous students to his office,
among whom were some who became prominent in sub-
sequent years,—such as Edward P. Hayman, Benjamin
Greene, George W. Wallingford, William A. Hayes, Wil-
liam Lamberti, and Ether Shepley, late chief justice of
Maine.

The following anecdote is related of Mr. Hubbard and
Judge Dana, of Fryeburg. On the first appearance of the
latter in York County court, near the close of the last cen-
tury, he took a letter of introduction to Mr. Hubbard.
But he seemed to him so formal and distant in his de-
meanor that he did not present the letter. Dana met there
his classmate, Judge Nicholas Emery, who had just estab-
lished himself at Parsonsfield, and was also attending his
first term. As they were jogging on together towards
home, on horseback, Dana told Emery about his letter to
Hubbard. Emery replied that he also had a similar letter
which he had declined presenting for the same reason.
This shows how the reputation and dignity of Mr. Hub-
bard overawed these modest young men. At that period
the intercourse between the older and younger members of
the bar was much less free than at the present day.

Mr. Hubbard’s fine conversational powers and agreeable
address gave him the entrée into the best society, not
only at home, but in Portsmouth, Boston, and Montreal,
where he went occasionally to visit his wife’s friends. In
consequence of a style of living and social entertainment
beyond his income or means, he became later in life em-
barrassed and despondent, and his cares pressing upon him,
were supposed to have shortened his days. He died sud-
denly, April 26, 1816, at the age of fifty-three.

Mr. Hubbard married Olive Dame, of Trois Riviéres,
Canada, a lady of great personal beauty and accomplish-
ments, who survived her husband but a few years. She

-was educated at a convent in Montreal. They left one
daughter, who married Benjamin Nason, of South Berwick,
and the daughter of the latter is the wife of Hdward E.
Bourne, Jr., of Kennebunk, son of Judge Edward HE.
Bourne.

GEORGE STACY.

George Stacy, another member of the York bar, was con-
temporary with Mr. Hubbard. He, too, was a native of
Ipswich, born in 1764, and graduated at Harvard College
in 1784. After being admitted to the bar he established

 

himself at Biddeford about 1789, where his career as an
attorney was short, owing to some social irregularity which
obliged him to make a sudden departure from the place.
He was afterwards consul at the Isle of France, and died
at St. Mary, Georgia, in 1808.

PRENTISS MELLEN.

Prentiss Mellen, the distinguished chief justice of Maine,
became a practitioner of law at Biddeford in July, 1792.
He was the eighth of nine children of Rev. John Mellen,
of Sterling, Mass., and was born in that town Oct. 11,
1764. His mother was Rebecca Prentiss, daughter of Rev.
John Prentiss, of Lancaster. His eldest brother, Henry,
and himself were fitted for college by their father, who was
a graduate of Harvard in 1741, and entered Harvard to-
gether in 1780, from which they took their degree in 1784,
in the same class with John Abbott, Silas Lee, and others
of future distinction. For a year after graduating, Mr.
Mellen was a private tutor in the family of Joseph Otis, at
Barnstable, where he pursued his legal studies in the office
of Shearjashub Bourne, and was admitted to the bar in
Taunton in 1788. On that occasion, in conformity with an
ancient custom, he treated the court and bar to half a pail
of punch. His own version of the treat was as follows:
“ According to the fashion of that day, on the great oc-
casion, I treated the judges and all the lawyers with about
half a pail of punch, which treating aforesaid was com-
monly called the ‘ colt’s tail.’ ”

Mr. Mellen, after practicing in Bridgewater till November,
1791, was induced to remove the next year to Biddeford
through the influence of his firm and constant friend, Judge
Thacher, who was then representative in Congress. Here he
commenced that career of successful and honorable practice
which placed him at the head of the bar in Maine, and at
the head of the highest judicial tribunal of the State. His
beginning in Biddeford was of the most humble kind, and
may give an idea of what professional men had to endure
in that day. “I opened,” he said, “ my office in one of
old Squire Hooper's front chambers, in which were then
arranged three beds and half a table and one chair. My
clients had the privilege of sitting on some of the beds. In
this room I slept, as did also sundry travelers, frequently,
the house being a tavern.” The population of Biddeford
did not then exceed eleven hundred, and that of the whole
county, which embraced a large part of Oxford, was about
twenty-eight thousand,—all served by three attorneys, viz.,
Dudley Hubbard, of Berwick, and Messrs. Thacher and
Mellen, of Biddeford. There was then one term of the
Common Pleas Court held at Biddeford, and one term of
the Supreme Court at York for the year in this county, and
one term of the Supreme Court in each of the counties of
Cumberland and Lincoln for jury trials, which was all the
favor the highest judicial tribunal was then permitted to ex-
tend to the district of Maine. The daw term for Maine was
held in Boston, and the records kept there. Governor Sulli-
van, who had practiced here, had removed to Boston, and at
the time of which we are speaking was attorney-general of
Massachusetts.

From 1804 till his appointment as chief justice in 1820,
Mr. Mellen practiced in every county in the State, and was
80 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

engaged in every prominent cause. In 1806, his practice
in Cumberland County becoming extensive, he removed to
Portland, where he met able and accomplished rivals in such
men as’ Hopkins, Symmes, Davis, Chase, and Whitman;
but he was the peer of the best legal talent of the State.
“His most constant opponent,” said Professor Greenleaf,
“was Judge Wilde: their forensic warfare, adopted by tacit
consent, was to place the cause on its merits, produce all
the facts, and fight the battle in open field.”

The life of Mr. Mellen was not entirely absorbed by his
profession. In 1808, 9, and ’17 he was chosen a mem-
ber of the Executive Council of Massachusetts, and in 1817
an elector at large for President. In 1817, while he held
the office of councillor, he was chosen a senator from Mas-
sachusetts in Congress, with Harrison Gray Otis as his
colleague. This situation he held till Maine was organ-
ized as a State, when, July 20th, he was appointed chief
justice of the Supreme Court, receiving the same year the
honorary degree of Doctor of Laws from both Harvard and
Bowdoin Colleges.

He continued to discharge the laborious duties of chief
justice with singular fidelity and ability until October,
1834, when, having attained the age of seventy, he became
constitutionally disqualified for the office. His able decis-
ions and eminent labors in contributing to the first eleven
volumes of the Maine Reports are no small share of the
services he rendered to the jurisprudence of his country.
Says a late biographer,—

“Never were strict integrity, nor 4 more earnest desire to render
exact justice in every case, carried to the bench, and no judge ever
performed his duties more conscientiously.”

During the two years from 1838 to 1840 he was at the
head of a commission appointed by the executive to codify
the public statutes of the State, the whole of which was
completed under his supervision, embracing one hundred
and seventy-eight chapters under twelve titles. This was
adopted by the Legislature, and constituted the first volume
of the Revised Statutes. This labor was the last public
service of his long and useful life. He died on the last
day of the year 1840, aged seventy-six years.

The Cumberland Bar erected a solid and durable marble
monument to his memory, with suitable inscriptions, in the
cemetery at Portland, over his remains.

His six children by his marriage with Miss Sally Hud-
son, of Hartford, were all born in Biddeford. His oldest
son, Grenville, a graduate of Harvard, 1818, is well known
as a literary man and poet. He died in 1841. His son
Frederick graduated at Bowdoin in 1825, and became an
artist. He died in 1834. His daughters are also de-
ceased.

EDWARD P. HAYMAN.

Edward Payne Hayman was a lawyer of South Berwick,
who studied in the office of Dudley Hubbard, and was ad-
mitted to the York bar in November, 1769. In 1800 he
was elected clerk of the Senate of Massachusetts. The
same year he was appointed assistant clerk of the Supreme
Court, and the next year one the clerks of the Circuit
Court, an office which embraced also the county of Essex,
and which he held till the organization of the new govern-
ment of Maine, in 1820, the duties of which he promptly

 

and faithfully discharged. He returned to his profession
on leaving the office; but was summoned from it in 1823,
to assume the duties of cashier of the South Berwick
Bank, incorporated that year, an office which he held till
the time of his death, Dec. 25, 1831.

Mr. Hayman was born in Boston, Feb. 22, 1771, the
second son of Capt. William Hayman. He was a well-read
and able lawyer, exceedingly methodical and exact in all
his labors and practice. He married, in 1809, Sarah, a
daughter of Rev. John Thompson, of South Berwick, and
had several children, who survived him. As clerk of the
Supreme Court of Massachusetts, he has been spoken of as
“a model in that department of life,” and also in “ fidelity
to all his trusts.”

CYRUS KING.

Cyrus King was the son of Richard King, of Scarbor-
ough, by his second wife, Mary, a daughter of Samuel
Blake, of York. He was born in Scarborough, Sept. 6,
1772. His father was an eminent citizen of that town, to
which he moved in 1746, from Watertown, Mass., where
he had been engaged in commercial business, which he also
carried on extensively in Scarborough, accumulating a large
fortune, which is still enjoyed by some of his descendants.
No family in the State has been so productive of distin-
tinguished persons as this. The oldest son by his first
wife, Isabella Bragdon, of York, Rufus King, was eminent
and prominent in the civil history of the country, from the
time of his graduation at Harvard, in 1717, to his death
in 1829. The own brother of Cyrus, William King, of
Bath, was the first Governor of Maine, and held numerous
other offices of high trust under the State and general gov-
ernments, which he ably discharged. The women of this
family were the Doric mothers of children of much ability
and usefulness. Mary married Dr. Robert Southgate,
whose numerous family were conspicuous in the early part
of this century; Paulina married Dr. Allen Potter; and
Doreas married Joseph Leland, of Saco; and their blood
flows through many channels, inspiring energy and use-
fulness.

Cyrus King was the fourth son and youngest child of
Richard, and was two and a half years old when his father
died; but his mother lived to watch over and guide the
expanding faculties of her son, and to enjoy the honors
which he acquired. She died in 1816.

Mr. King was fitted for college at Phillips Academy, at
Andover, and entered Columbia College, New York, in
1790, from which he graduated with the highest honors
of his class. He commenced the study of law with his
brother Rufus, in New York, who was then a senator in
Congress, and on his being appointed ambassador to Eng-
land, he accompanied him as his private secretary. He’
remained abroad one year, and returning, completed his
legal studies in the office of Chief Justice Mellen, at Bid-
deford, and was admitted to the bar in 1797.

We cannot better portray the opening career of Mr.
King than by adopting the language of Mr. Folsom in his

a History of Saco and Biddeford” :

“ Possessing brilliant and highly-cultivated powers of mind, united
with habits of patient and zealous application, Mr. King soon rose to
eminence in the profession. As an advocate he was unrivaled; his
 

Ve
BENCH AND BAR OF YORK COUNTY. 81

 

style of speaking was elevated and commanding, rich in the higher
graces of polished oratory, and at the same time argumentative and
convincing. His addresses were more like an impetuous torrent than
a smooth and gentle stream.

“His ardent temperament and impetuosity as an advocate some-
times carried him, in his addresses to a court and jury, beyond the
limits prescribed in some of Hamlet’s instructions to the players.”

But he was a sound lawyer and a safe counselor.

At the height of party feeling growing out of the dec-
laration of war under Mr. Madison’s administration, Mr.
King was elected in 1812 to the Thirteenth Congress, the
representative of the York District, as successor to Col.
Richard Cutts, who had held the office from 1800; and he
was re-elected for the next term. He was an ardent and
zealous member of the Federal party, and entered into all
their measures in opposition to the war with the same
heartiness and vehemence which characterized his impas-
sioned addresses at the bar. He took a very active part in
the debates through the four years that he held a seat in
Congress, and at times rose to a height of eloquence rarely
surpassed in that body. Henry Clay was Speaker during
the whole period.. The Federalists, though in a small
minority, had great ability among their representatives,
and it is said that none displayed the graces and force of
oratory, or commanded more attention, than Mr. King.
Among the latest of his addresses in the House was a
speech on the repeal of the internal duties: he spoke on
the 19th of February, 1817, at considerable Jength and
with great fervor. He returned home at the close of the
session, March 3d, and died suddenly at Saco, April 25th,
deeply lamented by all who knew him.

His wife, whom he married in October, 1797, was Han-
nah, daughter of Capt. Seth Storer, of Saco, by whom he
had one son, William Rufus, and several daughters. His
son graduated at Bowdoin College in 1823, became a law-
yer, and moved to the West, where he died in 1836.

CHAPTER XXIIL

BENCH AND BAR —Continued).

Lawyers at Different Periods in Maine—Lawyers in York County in
1800—Comparative Time Consumed in Causes—Long Tenure of
Office—Biographies of Members of the Bar and Courts.

THE lawyers at different periods in Maine are thus
summed up by Mr. Willis:

“Tn 1800 the number of lawyers was fifty-three. The population
of Maine at that time was 151,719. In 1820, the date of separation,
the population had nearly doubled, being 298,335. The number of
lawyers had increased to two hundred and seven. In 1840 they had
more than doubled, being four hundred and thirty-seven, distributed
among the counties as follows: York, 34; Cumberland, 66; Lincoln,
49; Oxford, 26; Franklin, 20; Kennebec, 59; Penobscot, 74; Han-
cock, 12; Somerset, 25; Piscataquis, 10; Washington, 29; Waldo, 29;
Aroostook, 4. Bangor, with » population of 8634, had forty-eight
lawyers; Portland, with a population of 15,218, had thirty-seven. In
1860 the number enrolled in the profession was five hundred and
twenty-nine, the population of the State being 628,801.

“The lawyers in York County, in 1800, were Prentiss Bhelien, Cyrus
King, George Thacher, Ebenezer Sullivan, Judah Dana, Nicholas
Emery, Edward P. Hayman, John Holmes, Dudley Hubbard, George
W. Wallingford, Joseph Thomas, Temple Hovey.”

11

 

The customs of the bar and mode of conducting busi-
ness of the courts have very much changed. In the early
days bar-meetings were regularly held, and the openings of
the courts were always attended by a procession of the
judges and lawyers, preceded by the sheriff and his depu-
ties,—the former in his official costume, with staff, sword,
cocked hat, blue coat, and buff vest. Before the days of
bells the opening of court was announced by the beating
of drums, or by a crier going through the streets. In the
proceedings of the courts the lawyers were much more
concise in their arguments, both to the court and the jury.
Mr. Parsons, in his interesting memoir of his father, the
distinguished chief justice, says he was seldom over half an
hour in his addresses to a jury, and these were directed
without ornament to make clear and plain to their minds
the precise point of the case. And Chief Justice Mellen,
in an article written for “ Coleman’s Miscellany” in 1839,
observes, —

“Thirty or forty years ago a cause was argued in half an hour, or
an hour at the most, which now demands half a day; and in accom-
plishing the task there is as much cireum-round-about declamation,
phraseology, and traveling backwards and forwards, as there was in
Corporal Trim’s story to Uncle Toby, about the king of Bohemia and
his seven castles.”

The long tenure of office and the multiplication of offi-
ces in the same hands were striking features of the early
eourts. In York County John Wheelwright was thirty
years judge of probate and of the Common Pleas; Simon
Frost was register of probate, clerk of the Court of Com-
mon Pleas, and register of deeds twenty years, or there-
abouts, from the middle of the last century ; Daniel Sewall
was thirty-seven years register of probate, and about thirty
years clerk of the courts; Ichabod Goodwin was sheriff
twenty-seven years. Mr. Sewall moved from York to Ken-
nebunk in 1815. He retired from his long official services
upon the reorganization of the courts under the State in
1820, at the age of seventy-five, to spend the remainder of
his days amidst the enjoyments of a cheerful and happy
family circle, and in communion with books, in which from
childhood he had taken great satisfaction.

JOHN HOLMES.

John Holmes was for many years one of the most promi-
nent lawyers of Maine. He was the son of Malchiah
Holmes, and was born in Kingston, Mass., in March, 1773.
His early life was passed as a manufacturer in the extensive
iron-works of his father in his native town, where his in-
telligence attracted the village school-teacher, who advised
his father to give him an education. After some prepara-
tory study he was admitted to Brown University, one year
in advance, in 1793, and graduated in 1796. He imme-
diately entered upon the study of law with Benjamin
Whitman, at Hanover, and was admitted to the bar in
1799. The same year he resolved to seek his fortune in
the eastern country, and in pursuance of his purpose settled
in Alfred, in this county, in the month of September, then
a district of the town of Sanford, and containing about eight
hundred and fifty inhabitants. The town was not incor-
porated till 1808, but it afforded a favorable opportunity for
a talented young lawyer to rise in the profession. Myr.
Holmes was for several years the only attorney in the
82 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

neighborhood. The titles to land in that part of the
country were in an imperfect and unsettled state; the set-
tlers had made their pitches upon vacant spots in what was
called the Fluellen or Phillips grant, and made their im-
provements withouta shadow of title. The proprietors had
just begun to make an investigation of their rights. Mr.
Holmes was employed by them for this purpose, and pur-
sued the inquiry and the prosecution of claims with great
industry and success. Many actions were necessarily
brought, and much exasperated litigation was the conse-
quence, which called forth great legal talent from Maine
and Massachusetts, and settled some very important ques-
tions of law and real estate.

These cases brought Mr. Holmes into extensive practice,
and a familiar acquaintance with the laws relating to titles.
At the time Mr. Holmes commenced practice the Supreme
Court was composed of Chief Justice Dana, and Justices
Paine, Bradbury, Nathan Cushing, and Dawes, and was
held at York once a year. The Common Pleas consisted of
Nathaniel Wells, Edward Cutts, Jonas Clark, and Simon
Frye, none of whom were educated as lawyers. There
were three terms a year of this court, held respectively at
York, Waterborough, and Biddeford.

The courts in York, besides their own lawyers, were at-
tended by the late Chief Justice Parker, Mr. Symmes, and
Solicitor Davis, of Portland, some New Hampshire lawyers,
and occasionally by a professional gentleman from Massa-
chusetts. The judges and lawyers, on account of the bad-
ness of the roads, generally performed their circuits on
horseback, and often met with poor fare and rough usage;
but they usually contrived to season these adversities with
merriment and good fellowship, to which Paine, Davis, and
Thacher contributed not a little. The mail was also trans-
ported on horseback, and it is related that a respectable
lawyer, on one occasion, as he was passing through the
Saco wood, met the mail-carrier, and as he was expecting a
letter from Boston by the mail, which only came once or
twice a week, he requested the carrier to examine the mail
there in the woods and see if his letter was not in it. The
accommodating rider took off his mail-bag without hesita-
tion, poured the contents upon the ground, and they both
went to work searching for the desired object, which was
soon found, as the pile to look over was not large. The
number of lawyers in Maine at this time was forty-five, of
whom ten resided in the county of York, viz., the late
Chief Justice Mellen, and Judge George Thacher, of Bid-
deford; Cyrus King, of Saco; Dudley Hubbard, Ebenezer
Sullivan, and Edward P. Hayman, of Berwick; Joseph
Thomas and George W. Wallingford, of Kennebunk; Ju-
dah Dana, of Fryeburg; and Nicholas Emery, of Parsons-
field. These were all distinguished in their profession, and
most of them in public life.

Mr. Holmes was a good lawyer; while he was not defi-
cient in logic and sound argument, few men knew how to
handle the weapons of wit with more skill and effect. An
opportunity was rarely lost by him of exhibiting his oppo-
nent in a ridiculous position. An instance of this kind
occurred in the Senate of the United States, in the discus-
sion on nullification. Mr. Tyler alluded to a satirical re-
mark of John Randolph, in which that gentleman had

 

some time before designated certain active politicians as
partners, under the firm-name of * James Madison, Felix
Grundy, John Holmes, and the Devil,” and asked Mr.
Holmes, with a view of making a severe cut, what had
become of that celebrated firm. Mr. Holmes immediately
sprang to his feet, and said, ‘ Mr. President, I will tell
the gentleman what has become of that firm: the first
member is dead, and the second has gone into retirement,
and the last has gone to the nullifiers, and is now elec-
tioneering among the gentleman's constituents! and thus
the partnership is legally dissolved.” The laugh produced
on the occasion was wholly at the expense of Mr. Tyler.

Many similar anecdotes illustrative of his ready wit might
be related. He was once assisting a client in the survey of
a parcel of land, about which he was quarreling with his
neighbor. Neither of the parties was of unimpeachable
character. As they were passing through a portion of the
disputed territory, they came to a swamp covered with
bushes and almost impassable. One of the litigants said
to Mr. Holmes, “ This, Squire, is the devil’s hop-yard.”
“Ah!” said he; ‘then I think the devil must be dead, for
I see his sons are quarreling for the inheritance.” “ Then
you expect to prevail,” said the opposing counsel, “as your
client is the oldest heir.’ “It is not certain,” said he;
“my client, to be sure, is the oldest, but yours is the most
deserving.”

During a portion of the time of Mr. Holmes’ practice,
Joseph Bartlett also practiced at the York County bar.
He was a graduate of Harvard, of the class of 1782, and

' settled first in Woburn, Mass., but came to Saco in 1802.

He was a fine scholar, a man of polished wit and insinu-
ating manners, and possessed a peculiar influence over the
minds of young men. In other respects he was profligate and
unprincipled, and ended a career which began with much
promise in shame and disgrace.

Mr. Holmes was not content with the quiet pursuit of
professional duties, but participated largely in the political
contests of his time. He began life as a Federalist of the
old school, and was elected by that party in 1802 and 1808
to the Massachusetts Legislature, from Sanford and Alfred.
It was not till a considerably later day that the decline of
Federalism in Maine, and the increase and strength of
Democratic sentiments, compelled him to change over to
the popular current. As late as 1810 his wit and sarcasm
were exhibited in song, taking off the doings of a Demo-
cratic caucus held that year in Kennebunk for the purpose
of nominating candidates. It was said by their opponents
that they determined at this caucus to try the efficacy of
treating at the election. Mr. Holmes, with a good deal of
tact, satirized this in six published stanzas, from which
we take the first and the last.

“KENNEBUNK CAUCUS.
“sone.
“The York County Demos of late held a meeting :
The object was great, but the party was small.
The marshal had issued his circular, greeting,
To tag, rag, and bob-tail to meet at the call.

“He called for attention
While he made objection
To Gore’s re-election,
And wished they’d be mum ;
BENCH AND BAR OF YORK COUNTY. 83

 

But while he was stating

The cause of the meeting,

The Caucus was parting,
And calling for—rum.

“So bribing the printer, and treating the voters,
Was the plan they adopted the elections tu carry,

And ride by the help of those tipsy supporters,
Into office by votes they had purchased for Gerry.

“When all shouted applause

To the Jacobin cause,

And declared by the laws
They would never be dumb ;

And most solemnly swore,

Than to re-elect. Gore

They had rather give more
Than a hogshead of rw.”

In the latter part of 1811 he became the advocate of the
national administration and the war measures of Mr. Madi-
son, and on the next election was returned a representative
to the General Court from Alfred. So proud were his new
friends of their acquisition that he was put forward at once
as their candidate for Speaker of the House in opposition
to the old incumbent, Timothy Bigelow. A large majority
of the House were the political friends of Mr. Bigelow, and
he was re-elected; but Mr. Holmes became an untiring
assailant of the measures of the majority, and an active
leader of the party he had espoused. He was elected to
the Senate of Massachusetts in 1813, and continued a mem-
ber of that body during the trials and excitements of the
war, boldly and ably sustaining the policy of the national
government, and contending, with unabated ardor, against
all the anti-war measures of Massachusetts. He was ap-
pointed lieutenant-colonel in Col. Lane’s Regiment, United
States Army, in 1813, but declined the appointment.

The struggle of Mr. Holmes against all the opposition,
sarcasm, and ridicule of his former associates, now his po-
litical enemies, exhibits in a strong light his great abilities
and wonderful resources in self-defense and in the main-
tenance of his influence and popularity. The keen severity
of Daniel A. White, the polished irony of Harrison Gray
Otis, the caustic humor of Josiah Quincy and Judge Put-
nam were not spared in the frequent and sharp encounters
which the political heat of the day engendered. And it
would be doing great injustice to Mr. Holmes not to say
that he sustained himself with great ability in these trying
and unequal contests. For wit he returned wit in full
measure; for argument, argument; for coolness, courage, and
self-command, he was the equal of his opponents, and
for readiness to turn the current against them in debate
more than a match for his ablest antagonists. If at any
time the regularly marshaled forces of logic and argument
seemed deficient, no man had a readier or happier faculty
of pressing into the service the auxiliaries of wit and satire.
Although in Massachusetts the strength of the Federalists
was powerful, he felt that he had in Maine a growing and
vigorous constituency that would ardently sustain his
measures and carry him triumphantly through the struggle.

At home, both at the bar and in politics, he had an able
and accomplished opponent in Cyrus King, of Saco, a man
of equal power as a public speaker, of ardent temperament,
and of elevated moral character. If anything, however,

 

was wanting in Mr. King, it was the coolness of Mr.
Holmes, which sometimes gave the latter the advantage.

In 1815, Mr. Holmes was appointed by President Madi-
son commissioner, under the fourth article of the treaty of
Ghent, to make division between the United States and
Great Britain of the islands in Passamaquoddy Bay. The
next year he was elected representative to Congress from
the York District to sueceed Mr. King, and was re-elected
in 1818 without opposition, receiving eleven hundred and
six out of eleven hundred and eighty-two votes. While he
was engaged as commissioner and as member of Congress,
he was actively employed in effecting the separation of
Maine from Massachusetts, in which he was not only a
zealous worker but the acknowledged leader. In a conven-
tion composed of the ablest men in Maine to draft a con-
stitution for the new State, which was to take its place
as another star in the national flag, he was appointed
chairman of the committee which drafted the instrument,
and upon the admission of the State was honored with the
place of its first senator in Congress. He continued to
hold that honorable station by re-election till 1827, and in
1828 was again elected to fill the unexpired term of Albion
K. Parris, who was appointed to the bench of the Supreme
Court in June of that year. In 1833 his congressional
life ceased, and he returned with all the freshness and vigor
of youth to the practice of his profession, after an uninter-
rupted and most successful political career of over twenty-
two years, in which there was not a year when he was not
occupying some public station. In 1836-37 he was elected
a representative from Alfred to the Legislature of Maine,
and in 1841 appointed by President Harrison United
States district attorney for the District of Maine, in which
office he died, July 7, 1843.

Few persons have had their ambition more fully gratified
than Mr. Holmes. His popularity at one time in Maine
was very great, and he managed matters nearly in his own
way. To say that some of his public acts were severely
criticised by his opponents, is only to assert what might
reasonably have been expected. But no impeachment has
been cast upon his honor or integrity, or upon his private
and domestic character. He was a kind husband, a tender
and judicious parent, and a good neighbor. As a towns-
man, he was always exceedingly vigilant in promoting the
interests of his fellow-citizens in all matters of education
and municipal improvement. [rom the time he settled in
Alfred he never ceased his exertions till he had procured
all the courts of York County to be held in that place,
which was finally accomplished in 1833. He also suc-
ceeded in having a route for a railroad from Portland to
Dover (now the Portland and Rochester Railroad) laid out
through his adopted town, although he failed to raise the
means for completing it.

Mr. Holmes first married Sally Brooks, of Scituate, in
September, 1800, by whom he had two sons and two
daughters,—all of his children. His eldest daughter mar-
ried Hon. Daniel Goodenow, Judge of the Supreme Court
of Maine; she died in 1840. His second wife was the
widow of James Swan, son of Col. James Swan, of Boston,
and the accomplished daughter of Gen. Knox, to whom he
was married in July, 1837. He removed the next year to
84 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

her seat at Thomaston, the late residence of her father,
where he lived the most of his time till his appointment as
United States district attorney, when he divided his resi-
dence between Thomaston and Portland. In 1840 he
published, under the name of “ Statesman,” a digest of the
public and private laws of Maine, in one octavo volume,
confining himself to a succinct statement of the general prin-
ciples of constitutional and municipal law.

WILLIAM LAMBERT.

William Lambert and Benjamin Greene were both ad-
mitted to the bar in York County in 1801; both studied
their profession with Dudley Hubbard, and settled beside
their teacher in South Berwick.

Mr. Lambert was born in Rowley, Mass., July 22, 1778,
and being fitted for college at the celebrated Dummer
Academy, took his degree at Dartmouth in 1798. By close
attention to business he succeeded in attaining a remunera-
tive practice, which he continued till his death, Dec. 11,
1824. He was twice married, and left two children, a son
and a daughter. The son, Rev. Thomas Ricker Lambert,
was lately rector of the Episcopal Church in Charlestown,
Mass., although, previous to becoming a minister, he had
studied law with Judge Nicholas Emery, in Portland. The
daughter was the wife of the late Hon. John P. Hale,
United States senator for New Hampshire.

BENJAMIN GREENE.

Benjamin Greene was the second son and fourth child of
Benjamin and Martha (Brown) Greene, of Waltham, Mass.,
and was born in that town May 5, 1764. He graduated
at Harvard College in the class with Chief Justice Mellen,
Professor Abbott, of Bowdoin, President Webber, of Har-
vard, Silas Lee, and Benjamin Pickman, in 1784. He
first studied divinity, and was settled in the ministry at
Medway in 1788. In 1797 he was invited to take charge
of the Berwick Academy, which he accepted, and while
pursuing the duties of preceptor, entered his name as a law
student in the office of Dudley Hubbard. He closed his
vocation as teacher and was admitted to the bar atthe same
time, in 1801, as has been said, “ full fledged for law and
politics, and on a hearty pursuit of both.” He commenced
with a full maturity of powers, and with adequate learning
and large knowledge of the world. In 1809 he was elected
representative to the General Court, and continued to be
elected for nearly every year afterwards till the separation
from Massachusetts. When the old Common Pleas was
abolished under Governor Gerry, in 1811, and the Com-
monwealth and Maine divided into circuits, Mr. Greene
was appointed chief justices of the eastern circuit, including
York, Cumberland, and Oxford Counties, with Judge
Dana and William Widgery as associates. He entered with
vigor and vivacity upon his new sphere of action, which he
sustained with dignity, promptness, fidelity, and ability.
He held the office till the establishment of the new Court
of Common Pleas, under the act of Maine, Feb. 4, 1822.
In 1824 he was a member of the Legislature, and Speaker
of the House. In September, of the same year, he was ap-
pointed by President Adams marshal of Maine, as the
successor of Thomas G. Thornton, of Saco, who had held

 

the office from 1803. This was his last public service,
which ending in 1830, he removed to Athens, Me., where
his son, Dr. Benjamin F. Greene, then resided, where he
passed the remainder of his life in peaceful retirement, and
died Oct. 15, 1837, in the seventy-fourth year of his age.
Judge Greene was an easy and graceful speaker, though, it
is said, somewhat inflated in style. He was considered a
good lawyer and an impartial judge, and presided with
dignity on the bench.

Judge Greene married Lydia Clark, of Lexington, Mass.,
by whom he had five sons. His oldest son, Benjamin F.,
was a physician, at Parkman, Me., where he died. Charles,
born at Marblehead, Feb. 21, 1796, graduated at Dart-
mouth College in 1811; was a successful lawyer, first at
South Berwick, and then at Athens, Me., where he con-
tinued to practice till his death, Aug. 24, 1852. He was
a State senator in 1835, a member of the Executive Coun-
cil in 1836, and judge of probate for Somerset County
from 1841 till the time of his death. He married Sarah
Sawtelle, of Norridgewock, by whom he had several chil-
dren. Frederick, born at South Berwick in 1807, was a
lawyer, at Saco, where he practiced till his death, Aug. 1,
1865. He was a member of the Senate in 1835-36, and
a representative in 1842. In 1849 he was chosen judge
of the Municipal Court of Saco, a position which he occu-
pied till 1852. He married, Nov. 23, 1841, Lydia, daugh-
ter of Samuel Coleman, of Kennebunkport. One of his sons,
Frederick Greene, is now overseer in the Pepperell Mills, at
Biddeford, and with his brother, Joseph Leland, served in
the war of the Rebellion, enlisting Oct. 3, 1863, in the 29th
Maine Regiment; was under Gen. Banks in the Red River
expedition, in Louisiana, and afterwards in the Shenandoah
Valley and Virginia. His two sisters, Ellen and Mary, are
both living, and reside in Massachusetts. Bowen Clark
Greene, another son of Judge Greene, was admitted to the
bar, but did not follow a regular practice of the law. He
was postmaster in Saco from 1845-49, and deputy collector
of customs at that port several years. He had been clerk
in the Secretary of State’s office in 1835, ’36, 37, and a part
of that time deputy secretary. He was never married.
He died at Saco, Aug. 3, 1860. Another son, Henry
Bowen Clark Greene, was a distinguished physician; he
began his practice in Saco, and removed to Boston, where
he died, Jan. 31, 1848. He married, May 27, 1823,
Elizabeth, daughter of Capt. Samuel Hartley, of Saco.

JUDGE JOSEPH HOWARD.

Judge Joseph Howard was born in the year 1800 at
Brownfield, Oxford Co. At the time of his death he was
seventy-seven years of age. His preliminary education was
obtained at Fryeburg Academy. He graduated at Bowdoin
College in 1821, taking a high rank in his class, and im-

| mediately commenced the study of law in the office of

Judge Dana, at Fryeburg. He completed his studies in
the office of Judge Daniel Goodenow, and was admitted to
the bar in 1824. He first opened an office in Bridgton,
Cumberland Co. Within a year John Burnham, a success-
ful lawyer in Limerick, York Co., died suddenly, and Mr.
Howard immediately removed there, where he remained in
successful practice for twelve or fifteen years. While quite
BENCH AND BAR OF YORK COUNTY. 85

 

young he received the appointment of county attorney for
York County, and very ably performed the duties of that
office for about ten years. .

In 1837 he removed from Limerick to Portland, and
soon after formed a partnership with Henry B. Osgood, his
brother-in-law, their wives being the accomplished daugh-
ters of Judge Dana and sisters of the late Governor, John
W. Dana. After the decease of Mr. Osgood, he and the
late George F. Shepley, Judge of the United States Circuit
Court, formed a partnership which continued till 1848,
when the senior partner, Mr. Howard, was appointed a
justice of the Supreme Judicial Court. Prior to that time
he had for several years filled the office of United States
Attorney for the District of Maine. When his term of
office on the bench of the Supreme Court expired he was
in the prime of life, and soon after formed a partnership
with Sewall C. Strout, Esq., of Portland, which firm con-
tinued several years, when it was dissolved to enable the
judge to associate with him in business his son-in-law,
Nathan Cleaves, late judge of probate for Cumberland
County. Afterwards Henry B. Cleaves, Esq., late solicitor
for the city of Portland, was admitted as a member of the
firm, which continued till the death of the subject of this
notice.

From the Memorial of Judge Howard in the sixty-
seventh volume of the Maine Reports, we select a few ex-
tracts bearing upon his life and character.

Hon. N. 8. Littlefield said,—

“The circumstances of his death were peculiar. On an early day
in the month of December last he left his home in this city with the
intention of spending the balance of that day with his only brother
and family, on the old homestead in Brownfield, and of spending the
next day in Fryeburg, where the Oxford County December term of
this court (Supreme Judicial) was being held by Judge Virgin. Ar-
riving at Brownfield about noon, he went to his brother’s home, and
after dinner, it being pleasant, he went out alone and went over the
farm on which he was born. Failing to return as soon as expected,
search was made, and his lifeless body was found not far from the
dwelling-house. It was evident that death overtook him while on his
return from his excursion. He had in his hand a bunch of evergreen,
emblematical of his memory, which will twine around our hearts till
they cease to beat... .

“ As a son, as a brother, as a husband, as a father, as a friend, as a
man, and as a gentleman, he was all that could be desired; he was as
near perfection as humanity will allow. As a counselor he was in all
respects reliable and safe. As a prosecuting officer he was energetic
and thorough. Asa judge he was patient, affable, untiring, and an
earnest seeker after truth. He would rule a point against counsel in
so kind and conciliatory a manner that the disappointment would be
shorn, to a great extent, of its unpleasantness. His opinions on
questions of law are models of conciseness, not at the expense of per-
spicuity. He never buried his ideas in words.”

Sewall C. Strout, Hsq., said,—

“JT had the pleasure of his intimate acquaintance for thirty years,
nine of which I was his partner in the practice of law. This asso-
ciation taught me to revere his character, and to love the man asa
father. Few men possess the power of self-control which he habitu-
ally exercised. . . . His tastes were pure and elevated. . . . In his
friendships he was tender and unselfish. His charities were numerous.

. As a judge he worthily maintained the dignity of the bench.”

Judge Barrows said,—

“‘T miss his presence and his cordial greeting, and in their stead
I receive the funeral garland which your affectionate respect devotes
to decorate his tomb; and I listen to the tribute you pay to departed

 

worth, and strive to recognize the fact that in these scenes where he
has so long been busy he will appear no more forever.’”

GEORGE W. WALLINGFORD.

George Washington Wallingford was born at Somers-
worth, N. H., Feb. 19,1778. Left an orphan in infaney,
he was compelled to struggle through many hardships and
trials. He took his first degree at Harvard in 1795, and
studied law with Dudley Hubbard, at South Berwick.
Being admitted to the bar in 1798, he established himself
in the practice of law at Kennebunk in 1800. Joseph
Thomas was the only practitioner in the village, then a
part of the town of Wells. But two years later Mr. Wal-
lingford encountered a competitor, in all respects his equal
as a lawyer, an advocate, and a man, in the person of
Joseph Dane, of whom more will be said hereafter. Pos-
sessing strong will and determination, together with his
pleasing address and fine qualities as an advocate, he soon
attained high rank in the profession. He was a Federalist,
and took a prominent part in the contests which fiercely
raged in the early part of the present century. In 1813
he was elected one of the representatives of Wells to the
General Court, and was successively re-elected till Maine
was admitted as a separate State, in 1820. He was a mem-
ber of the convention which formed the constitution of
Maine, in October, 1819, and had taken a leading part in
the preliminary convention held at Brunswick in 1816.
When the constitution was drawn up he did not, however,
sign it, but stood with the thirty-one other objecting mem-
bers, the principal objection being the apportionment of
representatives, which was considered by the minority as
unjust towards the larger towns, in that it deprived them
of an equal proportion of the members in the legislative
body. He was likewise opposed to the separation from
Massachusetts till Maine should acquire greater wealth and
importance; but still represented his town in the State
Legislature in 1823, which was the last public act of his
life. He died Jan. 19, 1824, at the age of forty-eight, in
the midst of his vigor and usefulness, having in a large
measure the confidence and esteem of his fellow-citizens.
His first wife was Abigail Chadbourne, of Berwick, whom
he married in 1806, by whom he had one daughter, who
married and died without issue. His wife died in 1808.
He married, for his second wife, Mary, daughter of Dr.
Jacob Fisher, of Kennebunk, by whom he had one son and
four daughters, who survived him.

NICHOLAS EMERY.

Nicholas Emery, the classmate of Judge Dana, opened
his law-office in Parsonsfield at the same time his friend
established himself at Fryeburg, the autumn of 1789. Mr.
Emery was born in Exeter, N. H., Sept. 4, 1776, and was
prepared for college at the far-famed Phillips Academy of
that place. After graduating at Dartmouth College, in 1795,
with the honors of his class, he studied law with Edward
St. Loe Livermore, of Portsmouth, and was admitted to
the bar in the autumn of 1798. His accomplishments as
a lawyer, and his easy, pleasant manners soon brought him
into notice, and after seven or eight years’ successful prac-
tice in Parsonsfield and in the adjoining county of Straf-
ford, N. H., he removed to Portland, in the spring of 1807.
86 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

In the autumn of the same year he married Ann T., eldest
daughter of Governor Gilman, of New Hampshire. His
career in Portland was one of uninterrupted success in his
profession, although brought into competition with the
finest legal talents of the time.

In 1834, on the retirement of Chief Justice Mellen,
Judge Weston was promoted to his place, and Mr. Emery
was appointed to fill the vacancy on the bench of the Su-
preme Court. With honorable fidelity and capability he
discharged the duties of his office through the constitu-
tional term of seven years. His opinions during this
period are recorded in the eight volumes of the Maine Re-
ports from the 12th to the 19th, inclusive, and evince care-
ful and diligent research and sound and just conclusions.
He never took much part in politics, although he was a
delegate to the convention of 1816, and also to that which
framed the constitution of Maine. In 1832 he was ap-
pointed one of the commissioners of the State to negotiate
with the United States government for a cession of the dis-
puted territory, under the treaty of 1783. His public life
closed with the termination of his judicial office, but he
lived to be past eighty-four years old, and died Aug. 24,
1861.

JUDAH DANA.

Judah Dana settled at Fryeburg in September, 1798,
when that town was included in York County. He was a
son of John Winchester Dana and Hannah Pope Putnam,
a daughter of Gen. Israel Putnam, and born at Pomfret,
Vt., April 25, 1772. He graduated at Dartmouth College
in 1795, studied law with Benjamin I. Gilbert, of Hanover,
and was admitted to the bar in Grafton Co., N. H., in Sep-
tember, 1798. He practiced law at Fryeburg nearly half a
century, having, besides his practice in York and Cumber-
land Counties, a large practice in New Hampshire. He be-
came a leading advocate, and, as he was a careful and labori-
ous student, he acquired a high reputation and a lucrative
practice.

His first competitor, who settled in a neighboring town,
was his classmate, Nicholas Emery, at Parsonsfield. Jacob
McGaw, from New Hampshire, and two years after him in
college, settled in the same town in 1801, and a sharp
rivalry and competion sprang up between them. T'wo years
later Mr. McGaw removed to Bangor, and was succeeded
by Samuel A. Bradley, a graduate of Dartmouth in 1799,
who for a long series of years was a competitor both in law
and politics with Mr. Dana. After Oxford County was
erected, in 1805, both lawyers found places in the Probate
Court,—Mr. Dana as judge, and Mr. Bradley as register.

Mr. Dana continued in active practice for many years,
with increasing success both in the Common Pleas and the
Supreme Court, and was appointed to several political of-
fices. In 1833 he was one of the Executive Council in the
administration of Governor Smith. In 1836-37 he was
one of the bank commissioners. In 1836 he was appointed
by Governor Dunlap United States senator for the re-
mainder of Judge Shepley’s term, who resigned that office
on being appointed judge of the Supreme Court. An in-
timate friend of Judge Dana gives the following estimate of
his character and abilities :

 

“Te was a ready speaker, urbane and conciliating, but of unques-
tioned firmness. In all public positions he was true and faithful, and
fully equal to the demand upon him. In private life no gentleman
could be more genial. Time and chance were never wanting with him
to say and do kina things to every one within his circle. In a large
sphere of professional life, Judge Dana could have acquired a more
brilliant reputation, but he loved the country and its retirement, and
there chose to act his part, keeping fresh, however, in the world’s his-
tory, living and past.”

He was one of the trustees of Bowdoin College from 1820
to 1843, and a member of’ the convention at Portland to
form the constitution of Maine.

Among the students in his office were Daniel Webster,
for a short period, Gen. Samuel Fessenden, Peter C. Vir-
gin, of Rumford, Gen. Eleazer Wheelock Ripley, Joseph
Howard, Philip Eastman, of Saco, Henry B. Osgood, and
several others. Mr. Webster graduated at Dartmouth in
1801, and in the latter part of the same year took charge
of the academy at Fryeburg. While occupying this posi-
tion he was reading law in Mr. Dana’s office. An interest-
ing correspondence between the great statesman and Mr.
Dana took place on this subject in 1804.*

Mr. Dana’s first wife was Elizabeth, the youngest daugh-
ter of Prof. Sylvanus Ripley, of Dartmouth College; his
second wife was the widow of Gen. John McMillen, of
Fryeburg. His only son who survived infancy was Hon.
John W. Dana, one of the Governors of Maine. Of his
several daughters, one married Judge Howard, of Portland;
another Judge Goodenow, of Alfred.

TEMPLE HOVEY.

Temple Hovey studied law with Dudley Hubbard, of
Berwick, and was admitted to the bar in 1800. He died
about two years after his admission to practice. He was a
son of Dr. Ivory Hovey, of South Berwick, and a descend-
ant of Rev. Ivory Hovey, a learned clergyman of Plymouth
and Rochester, in the Old Colony, who died in 1803, at
the age of eighty-nine.

JOSEPH DANE.

Joseph Dane, for fifty years a distinguished lawyer at
Kennebunk, was the son of John and Jemima (Fellows)
Dane, of Beverly, Mass., in which town he was born on
the 25th of October, 1778. He was a nephew of the emi-
nent lawyer and statesman, Nathan Dane, and a descendant
of John Dane, born in Colchester, England, in 1613, who
came with his parents and two sisters to Roxbury, Mass.,
in 1636.

Mr. Dane’s parents were natives of Ipswich. His father
died in 1829, in his eightieth year; his mother in 1827,
aged seventy-six.

His preparatory studies were pursued at Phillips Acad-
emy, at Andover, after which he entered Harvard College,
where he graduated in 1799, and at once entered the office
of his uncle, the distinguished Nathan Dane, of Beverly, as
a student-at-law. In June, 1802, he was admitted to prac-
tice in Essex County, and immediately opened an office at
Kennebunk, then included in the town of Wells, where he
soon became prominent as a sound lawyer, an able advocate,
and an upright man. “ He continued to practice till 1837,

 

* Willis’ Lawyers and Courts of Maine, pp. 260-61.
BENCH AND BAR OF YORK COUNTY. 87

 

having maintained for more than a third of a century a
character for spotless integrity, and for great honor and
ability in his profession ; and during the latter portion of
the time was a leader at the bar of York County.”

Mr. Dane’s natural conservatism and high sense of the
dignity of his profession kept him, for the most part, out
of the political arena. He scorned the tricks of the dema-
gogue, and accepted office only at the urgent solicitations of
his fellow-citizens. He, however, took a deep interest in ques-
tions of public policy, and was active in the measures taken
for the organization of Maine as an independent State. He
was a member of the preliminary convention held at Bruns-
wick in 1816, and of that which framed the constitution,
in 1819, and was a member of the very able committee
appointed to draft that instrument, in which his judicial
and statesmanlike qualifications were brought into appro-
priate exercise. In 1818 he was chosen one of the two
Executive Councilors of Massachusetts, then allowed to
Maine, but he declined the office. In 1820 he was chosen
a member of the Sixteenth Congress, for the unexpired
term of Mr. Holmes, who had been elected to the Senate.
He was re-elected to the Seventeenth Congress, and, having
served out his term, declined to be again a candidate. He
served his town as representative in the State Legislature
in the years 1824-25, 1832-33, and 1839-40, and the
county in the Senate in 1829. At the close of the session
of 1840 he retired from public life altogether, having de-
clined the appointment of commissioner to revise the pub-
lic statutes and the office of Executive Councilor, both of
which were honorably tendered him. His preference was
for the enjoyments of privaté life, and the repose of his
own excellent family, for which he was eminently fitted by
his strong domestic attachments and his genial and social
qualities. In every public office, and in every act of private
life, his conduct was characterized by a firm, undeviating
sense of right, and a conscientious determination neither to
do nor to submit to what was wrong or unjust. The record
for more than half a century, which he left among his
fellow-citizens, his neighbors, and his most intimate acquaint-
ances, is unblemished.

His wife was Mary, daughter of Hon. James Clark, of
Kennebunk, to whom he was united in marriage in Octo-
ber, 1808. She was a lady of great excellence of charac-
ter, and survived her lamented husband many years. Of
the two sons and one daughter, the fruit of this union, the
eldest son, Joseph, succeeded to his father’s profession and
business, in which he is still engaged at Kennebunk.
(More will be found of his life on another page.) His sec-
ond son, Nathan, a farmer, residing in Alfred, was member
of the State Senate from York County in 1857-58, and
State treasurer subsequently.

Mr. Dane died at his residence, in Kennebunk, on the
Ist of May, 1858, aged seventy-nine.

SAMUEL A. BRADLEY.

Among the eminent lawyers who settled at the beginning
of this century in Fryeburg was the subject of this notice.
He was a college friend of Daniel Webster and two years
his senior, and through his persistent efforts Mr. Webster
was received into the office of Hon. Christopher Gore, of

 

Boston, as a law-student. Mr. Webster was then unknown
except to a few personal friends and at Dartmouth College,
where he had just graduated. Mr. Bradley’s application
was at first rejected. At last he carried to him one of Web-
ster’s literary productions (a Fourth of July oration) and
requested Mr. Gore to read and then see if he would not
change his decision. Mr. Gore took it with some impa-
tience, saying he was very pertinacious, and dipped into it
here and there, finally commenced at the beginning and
read it through; then said, “ Bring your young friend
along and I will see him.” Mr. Gore received him into
his office, and frequently afterwards, when meeting Mr.
Bradley in the street, would speak to him pleasantly for
bringing that young man to his office.

We transfer from Mr. Willis’ work on lawyers the fol-
lowing racy letter of Mr. Webster to Mr. Bradley :

“Boscawen, August 19, 1806.

“ DEAR S1r,—Circumstances do not permit me to see you this week
at Gilmanton. I am late from Boston, and at present am greatly
pressed in my time by some little affairs. I have made up my mind
to escort you to Commencement, if you desire to take that mode of
conveyance, I havea comfortable chaise and an ordinary horse, that
can draw us from this to Hanover inaday. If you have a nag to
put before him to open the cause, mine, I think, would bring up the
rear of the argument pretty well. However, we shall do tolerably
well with one horse.

“T shall expect to see you this way on Friday or Saturday, when
we will make a definite arrangement. I should choose to be early at
Hanover, and leave immediately after Commencement. Thursday
and Friday are languid days. Dr. Perkins is expected this way to-
morrow. His wife is at Hanover, and so is Mrs, Ticknor. I hear of
many people who think of visiting Commencement,—probably be-
cause they know you and I will be there,—and the collection, I fancy,

will be numerous.

“Yours, verily, D. WeBsTER.

“Pp, S.—Rebecca—Miss Rebecca McGaw—has just ridden by my
window, going to Commencement. How the girls expect us!”

An anecdote of these two young lawyers and friends is
thus related: they had been attending court at Sanborn,
N. H. After the adjournment Mr. Bradley took Mr. Web-
ster in his sleigh on their return home. He had a fine
large horse, justly called “Old Mars.” As they were rising
a hill towards night, they overtook a feeble old man who
was struggling up the hill with a load of wood drawn by a
poor, broken-down horse. The man, in turning his horse
from the path to let the travelers pass, found his team sunk
in the deep snow on the side, from which neither man nor
horse seemed able to get clear. Webster and Bradley saw
the sad plight and sadder countenance of the poor wood-
man, and without a moment’s delay they took their power-
ful horse off their sleigh, and putting him before the wood-
man’s load and horse, soon extricated them, and moved the
whole safely up the hill, to the infinite joy of the poor old
man and their own happy consciousness of a good deed
promptly done. They had a hard struggle to get the load
out of the deep snow. Mr. Webster used a rail behind the
load and Bradley led the horse. The latter, in relating the
story in after-years, said, “‘ Webster lifted like a giant.’

Mr. Bradiey established himself at Fryeburg in 1803
or early in 1804, finding there Judah Dana and Jacob Mc-
Gaw,—a large supply of legal talent for the small population.
But then their practice was extended into a considerable
of the adjoining portion of New Hampshire, as well as
88 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

southward and eastward. Mr. McGaw moved to Bangor
in 1805, where he became eminent, and left Judge Dana
and Mr. Bradley for some time alone. There was much
rivalry between these gentlemen, not only at the bar, but in
political life; for Mr. Bradley was a very ardent Federalist,
and Judge Dana, although belonging originally to that party,
had zealously espoused the rising Democracy ; and the town
in its political character was very nearly equally divided.
Mr. Bradley held the office of register of probate from the
formation of the new county of Oxford till 1810, when he
resigned, and devoted himself with all the ardor and enthu-
siasm of his nature to the practice of his profession, and to
the discussion of the political issues of his time.

During the exciting periods of the embargo, the war of
1812, and the discussion on the policy of separation, he
threw himself with all his warmth of feeling into the con-
flicts of the party. He was five years a member of the
General Court from Fryeburg, from 1813 to 1818, and was
a violent opponent of the war with Great Britain, and of the
erection of Maine into a State. His town voted against the
separation in 1816, but in favor of it by a majority of
seventy-eight to seventy in 1819, when the measure was
carried.

In 1825, Mr. Bradley moved to Portland, and engaged in
speculations in timber-lands, and other interests outside of
his profession, by which he became wealthy. In his prime
he was a tall, well-proportioned man, of handsome person
and pleasing address. .

After his career in Portland he returned to Fryeburg in
July, 1841, and died at the house of his brother Robert;
September 24, 1844, at the age of sixty-nine years and ten
months. He was never married.

EDWARD EMERSON BOURNE, LL.D.

Edward Emerson Bourne, LL.D., was born at Kenne-
bunk, then a part of the town of Wells, in the county of
York, March 19, 1797. His father was John Bourne,
born at Wells, Aug. 14, 1759, a soldier of the Revolu-
tion, and son of Benjamin Bourne (1st), of the same place.
Early in the war,—in the fall of 1775,—when only sixteen
years of age, John enlisted in the service of the country,
and marched in company of Capt. Sawyer, to Lake
Champlain. He was stationed at the village of St. John’s,
at the outlet of the lake, during the principal part of the
year 1776. His mother died when he was seven years of
age, and his father subsequeutly married Hannah Sewall,
of York. His father dying when he was eighteen years
old, the care and responsibility of the family devolved upon
him. He at one time embarked on a three-months’ cruise
on board the privateer “Sullivan,” but the voyage, financially
considered, was a failure, no prizes being taken.

Feeling the importance of doing something by which a
comfortable maintenance might be assured, he learned the
trade of shipwright. Having perfected himself in the
trade, he commenced business at the landing in Kennebunk.
There he built many ships for Theodore Lyman, Esq., a
wealthy ship-owner, then a resident there, but subsequently
removing to Boston, Mass.

On the removal of Mr. Lyman, Mr. Bourne bought his
homestead, and continued building ships on his own account,

 

 

in most of which he retained an interest ; so that previous
to the war of 1812 he had acquired a comfortable compe-
tency.

Mr. Bourne was thrice married. His first wife was Miss
Abigail Hubbard, to whom he was married Feb. 6, 1783,
who died Dec. 10, 1787. Their children were Olive, born
July 10, 1784; Samuel, born Dec. 1,1785; and Benjamin,
born Sept. 3, 1787.

His second wife was Sally Kimball; married June 19,
1788; died May 29, 1794. Their children were John,
born Nov. 1, 1799; James, born Aug. 5, 1792; Charles,
born Dec. 10, 1793.

His third wife, to whom he was married Sept. 10, 1794,
was Elizabeth, widow of Israel Wildes. (Her maiden name
was Elizabeth Perkins. They had three children,—Susan,

‘born June 26, 1786; Eliza, born Nov. 5, 1787; Abigail,

born June 6, 1790.)

The issue of this third marriage were Israel W., Edward
E. (the subject of this sketch), Thomas P., George W.,
Julia A., and Olive. The sons have all deceased. The
daughters survive,—Julia A., as the wife of Henry Kings-
bury, who succeeded Mr. Bourne in business, with his son,
George W. Bourne, under the firm-name of Bourne &
Kingsbury, and who still occupies the old homestead ; and
Olive, the widow of the late Capt. Ivory Lord, also living
at Kennebunk.

Mr. Bourne, fully appreciating the importance of a good
education, which the early death of his parents and the
unsettled state of the country had precluded him from en-
joying, determined that a portion of the fortune which he
had accumulated in his manhood should be devoted toa
liberal education of the. children then growing up; and
although by the time the sons were old enough to enter
college the war had made sad inroads upon his estate, pre-
venting the prosecution of his ordinary business,—his ships
lying idle at the wharves,—he still adhered to his cherished
object of investing a portion of what remained in a colle-
giate education of his sons, where, safe from the contin-
gency of material mishaps, it should continue to yield to
them, through all their lives, its fruits of increased useful-
ness, joy, and satisfaction.

Israel, Edward, and Thomas were educated at Bowdoin
College. George, preferring a more active life, remained at
home, and on becoming of age, entered into the business
of ship-building with his father, under the firm-name of
John Bourne & Son.

Preparatory to entering college, Edward was sent to
South Berwick Academy in 1811. At the commencement
in September of the next year he was admitted to Bowdoin
College, graduating from that institution at the age of nine-
teen. Among his classmates were John Searle Tenney,
chief justice of the Supreme Court of Maine, Prof. Al-
pheus S. Packard, of Bowdoin College, and the late Ran-
dolph A. L. Codman, of Portland, Me., one of the most
brilliant lawyers of his day.

Immediately after graduation, Mr. Bourne entered the
office of George W. Wallingford, Esq., at Kennebunk, and
prosecuted his legal studies there, and at the office of Thomas
Bigelow, Esq., at Philadelphia, during the term of three
years then required of law students, and at the October
 

GED

 
BENCH AND BAR

OF YORK COUNTY. 89

 

term (1819) of the Court of Common Pleas for York
County was admitted to the bar,

Always anxious to be at work, he felt that he must locate
himself at once for business. Accordingly, having procured
letters of introduction from Mr. Wallingford, Hon. J oseph
Dane, and others to prominent men in the eastern part of
the State, he set forth, believing that that section afforded
a good field for practice. After looking over Kennebec
County, he concluded to settle in the little town of Fairfax,
now called Albion, there being no lawyer there, and came
back to his home to make the necessary preparations. On
his return to Fairfax he was surprised to find that an older
lawyer had in the mean time stepped into the place which
he had supposed to be his own by right of discovery. A
practical view of the matter showed to him at once that the
business of the place could not well support two of the pro-
fession, and although assured by some of its citizens that
he would have his full share of the patronage, he preferred
to return to his native town and take his chance with three
other lawyers then in practice, two of whom—Mr. Walling-
ford and Mr. Dane—were prominent practitioners in the
county. He opened an office, but had hardly commenced
business when Jeremiah Bradbury, then practicing in the
town of York, was appointed clerk of the courts, necessi-
tating his removal to Alfred, the county-seat. The death
of Isaac Lyman, and the removal of Asa Freeman to Dover,
N.H., at about the same time, left the ancient town of York
without a resident legal adviser. Thither Mr. Bourne went,
and took the office vacated by Mr. Bradbury in October,
1820. There, amidst pleasant surroundings, with fair busi-
ness prospects, he would probably have remained, but Hon.
Joseph Dane having been chosen to represent his district in
the new State of Maine in the Seventeenth Congress of the
United States, proposed to Mr. Bourne that he should re-
turn to Kennebunk and occupy his office, tendering him
the free use of his valuable library. This flattering offer
he gladly accepted, and in the course of about two years
he became so assured in his position as to feel justified
in taking to himself a wife. He was married Oct. 31,
1822, to Mary H., daughter of Richard and Dorothy
(Moody) Gilpatrick. Mr. Gilpatrick was a man of wealth
and position, and engaged at that time in various business
enterprises. He was the proprietor of what is now known
as the ‘‘ Factory Privilege” at the village, upon which he
built an iron-manufactory, located below the lower dam, and
a cotton-factory, in which he had a half-interest, standing
on the site of the present saw-mill.

Mrs. Bourne died March 23, 1852, at the age of fifty-
two. Of her Judge Bourne says, in his manuscript his-
tory of the Bourne family, “‘ She was naturally of a lively,
animated, happy disposition, and in her deportment gentle,
kind, and courteous, looking to the case and happiness of
all with whom she associated. Her soul yearned to do
good, and, under the impulses of such a spirit, she was
ever given to hospitality, ready to supply the needs of the
poor who sought her aid, and on all occasions to do all in
her power to lighten the burdens and sorrows of others.”

Mr. and Mrs. Bourne had four children, viz., Julia M..,
Edward E., Lizzie G., and Mary Olivia. Edward alone
survives, and is now practicing law at Kennebunk. Mary

12

 

Olivia died in infancy. Julia M. died Nov. 18, 1851.
Lizzie G. perished, overtaken by a sudden storm of wind,
while ascending Mount Washington, in company with her
uncle and cousin, Sept. 14, 1855.

Mr. Bourne was again married on Feb. 16, 1853, to
Mrs. Susan H. Lord, widow of Capt. Tobias Lord, and
daughter of the late Capt. Joseph Hatch, of Kennebunk,
whose refined society and congenial tastes contributed in a
large measure to the happiness of his home during all his
remaining years.

Mr. Bourne in early manhood manifested a zealous in-
terest in all the moral, social, educational, and _ political
questions of the day. When the attention of the people
was first called to the evils of intemperance, he enlisted in
the cause with all his accustomed carnestness and vigor.
During the entire winter of 1832, whenever the weather
permitted, he was abroad with his co-laborers holding meet-
ings in the several school districts of the town, endeavoring
to impress his hearers with the importance of the subject,
and the necessity of action upon it.

In 1824 the question of the removal of the courts from
Alfred to Kennebunk was agitated. In this he naturally
took great interest, writing frequent newspaper articles upon
the subject; and when, in 1859, the question of the re-
moval to Saco was presented, he was called upon to repre-
sent the petitioners before the Legislative committee. His
argument there was considered one of his most successful
efforts.

In 1817 an artillery company was formed in Wells, em-
bracing several members from Arundel. It was organized
by choice of Barnabas Palmer, Captain; William W. Wise,
Lieutenant; Edward E. Bourne, Ensign; and Davenport
Tucker, Clerk; and when afterwards Capt. Palmer was
elected major, Mr. Bourne was appointed adjutant.

Mr. Bourne was elected one of the selectmen of his
native town in 1828, and continued in that capacity until
1833, He represented the town in the State Legislature
from 1826 to 1831, inclusive. While there he took an
active part in the debates, always advocating what he be-
lieved to be right, regardless of party dictation. This
characteristic was strongly apparent in the course taken by
him in the proceedings in filling the several vacancies oc-
curring by the death of Governor Lincoln, who died in
office during the year 1829. On the assembling of the
Senate in January following, it appeared that only sixteen
out of the twenty senators were elected by the people, and
those sixteen were equally divided between the two political
parties. After occupying several days in unsuccessful
attempts to elect a president,—each party voting for its
own candidate,—the National Republicans, with whom Mr.
Bourne was in sympathy, gave way so far as to take a new
candidate from the opposing party, voting for the Rev.
Joshua Hall, senator trom Waldo County, which, with the
aid of his individual ballot, secured his election. ‘lhe
constitution provides that whenever the office of Governor
shall become vacant, by death or otherwise, the President
of the Senate shall exercise the duties of Governor until
another shall be “duly qualified,” and that ‘his duties as
President shall be suspended, and the Senate shall fill the
vacancy until his duties as Governor shall cease.”
90

HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

It was supposed that President Hall would at once vacate
his office and assume the duties of Governor; but, contrary
to expectation, he remained, voting with his party in their
declared purpose of preventing a convention with the House
to fill the vacancies.

This state of things continued through the month of
January, when, at a private consultation of the Nationals,
it was determined that a convention of the two branches
should be formed by the House appointing the hour and
giving notice to the Senate, and if the Senate refused to
concur, or act upon the proposition, then all the Republi-
can senators should meet the House, and, as a convention,
the two branches should proceed to fill the vacancies.
Against this proposed action Mr. Bourne protested, declar-
ing that it was illegal, and contrary to the provisions of
the constitution. He stood alone. All his political asso-
ciates accepted the proposition. The two branches met in
that manner, and thus filled the vacancies. But when after-
wards (Feb. 15, 1830) the opinion of the justices of the
Supreme Court was taken by Governor Hunton, it was held
by the court that the vacancies were illegally filled, thus
sustaining the position taken by Mr. Bourne. (See Opin-
ion of Justices, “ Greenl. Rep.,” vol. vii. page 489.)

Early the next session a bill was introduced, called a
“Healing Act,” to confirm and legalize this illegal pro-
ceeding. This measure Mr. Bourne opposed for the same
reason. He would not lend his aid in favor of his own
party to an attempt to legalize a proceeding which he be-
lieved to be ‘legal, and which was unauthorized by the con-
stitution as construed by the Supreme Court of the State.

The following year Mr. Bourne declined a renomination,
and from that time devoted himself to his profession. His
business increased until he was engaged in a large propor-
tion of the litigated cases in his county. Asa lawyer he
was faithful to his clients, giving to each individual case his
best effort. While he was untiring in his labor when once
enlisted in a cause, he always remembered the oath taken
on his admission to the bar,— I will not wittingly or wil-
lingly promote or sue any false, groundless, or unlawful suit,
nor give aid or consent to the same,”—and would on no
account lend his services to the prosecution of a claim not
well founded in law or fact.

In 1818 he was appointed by the Governor State’s attor-
ney for York County. In this office ke was superseded by
a political opponent the following year, but was re-appointed
in 1841, and when afterwards the office was made subject to
the popular vote he received the nomination, but, his party
being in the minority, failed of an election.

By an amendment of the constitution in 1856 the office
of judge of probate became elective. Mr. Bourne received
the nomination for his county, and was elected by a large
majority. Such was his popularity and acknowledged fitness
for the position that, contrary to the usual party custom, he
was four times elected,—holding the office sixteen years,—
when failing health rendered it necessary for him to retire
from the public service.

Upon his retirement the members of the bar presented
him with a valuable gold watch as a token of their respect
for the faithful and impartial manner in which he had dis-
charged the duties of his office during his long term. It

 

may be remarked in passing that it was regarded as a good
practical joke by his most intimate friends, who well knew
his marked punctuality upon any and all occasions, impor-
tant or otherwise,—so marked that, as one of the family play-
fully said, it had become one of his “ greatest failings,”—
that the members of the bar should select a watch, and the
teachers of the Sunday-school of which he was superin-
tendent, a few years previously, a mantel-clock, as a token
of regard. -

His court was holden monthly, and although held in
several towns in the county, oftentimes requiring a long
ride in an inclement season, he never but once failed to be
present promptly at the hour during the sixteen years.
That one exception occurred during the winter of his last
year of service, when, on account of the sickness of the
judge, the register adjourned the court two days. That
term being holden at Saco, and the Supreme Court being
at the same time in session, but little inconvenience was
occasioned to the members of the bar in attendance there.

Judge Bourne never allowed personal convenience to in-
terfere in the slightest degree with a prompt discharge of
duty. Once when the court was holden at Alfred, a dis-
tance of twelve miles from his home, he started in a snow-
storm, with his son, in his private conveyance, and by
shovelling through the drifts arrived in due time, opened
his court, and continued the session all day, although but
one other person (besides the register living in town), a resi-
dent lawyer, was present during the court. It was a source

of satisfaction and a sufficient reward to him that he had

torical matters.

been able to be present in his place, although he only waited
the entire day.

“ They also serve who only stand and wait.”

Early in life Judge Bourne manifested an interest in his-
In 1831 he wrote a history of his town,
which was presented by him (in manuscript) to the library
of the First Parish Sunday-school. This was designed
more especially for the children. He afterwards, at the re-
quest of the Maine Historical Society, prepared an elabo-
rate history of the towns of Wells and Kennebunk, down
to 1820, when the latter town (before that time a part of
Wells) was incorporated, which was published by his son
soon after his decease.

In 1834 he was elected a member of the Maine Histori-
eal Society, and on the resignation of the Hon. William
Willis of the presidency was chosen in his place. He con-
tributed many valuable papers to the society. With his
accustomed promptness he was uniformly present at the
meetings, many of which were holden at a long distance from
his home, and it was his practice always to prepare two or
more papers to be read in case others who were expected to
address the meeting failed. Several of these were left un-
used at his decease. Prof. Packard, in a letter to his widow,
written shortly after his death, says of him, “The success
of the ‘Field Days’ of the society was largely due to his
energy, and at the close of a recent one it was a common
remark, ‘ We owe our success and enjoyment of the day to
Judge Bourne.’ ”

In 1866, Judge Bourne was elected a member. of the
New England Historic Genealogical Society. He was an
BENCH AND BAR OF YORK COUNTY. 91

 

occasional contributor to the Historical and Genealogical
Register, and also to the Historical Magazine. In the
language of C. W. Tuttle, Hsq., in his remarks before the
New England Historic Genealogical Society relative to the
death of Judge Bourne, “ He kept pace with the progress
of historical investigation and discovery in all directions.”

From early youth he was a devout believer in the Chris-
tian religion. In April, 1829, he united with the church of
the First Congregational Parish of Kennebunk (Unitarian),
and from that time to the day of his death was an earnest
working member. He was a regular attendant upon the
services of the Sabbath, as well as the week-day evening
meetings, where he was always ready to assist in the ser-
vice by words of exhortation and encouragement.

He was the originator of the Wednesday evening prayer-
meeting, established in 1830, the first meeting being held
at the house of Capt. Levi P. Hillard.

He was connected with the Sunday-school of the parish
more than half a century,—a teacher in 1819, and super-
intendent from 1826 to his death, excepting a short time when
the school was in charge of his brother, George W. Bourne.

His religion regulated and controlled his daily life. To
use a homely expression, “ he lived up to it.” As an in-
stance of the practical nature of his religious sentiments, we
advert to the fact that one of his first official acts, upon as-
suming the office of judge of probate, was the changing of
the day of holding his court from Monday to Tuesday,
that there might be no necessity of traveling on Sunday.

Judge Bourne was for seven years a member of the board
of trustees of Bowdoin College, and in 1872 received from
that institution the degree of Doctor of Laws. President
Chamberlain, in a letter written not long after his death,
says, “Judge Bourne was one of my truest and most
valued friends. He was one of the few I have known the
ardor of whose attachments to person or party never im-
paired the soundness of their judgment, nor obscured their
sense of justice. He could be a warm friend and a cool
judge; he could be true to each and just to all. I honor
his memory, and shall still cherish his friendship.” He
died Sept. 23, 1873.

The writer is aware that the design of this book will not
admit of any extended individual biography, and perhaps
he has already occupied his full share of the space allotted
to biographical sketches; but he hopes that he will be par-
doned for adding the following quotation from the memoir
of Judge Bourne, by Hon. Edwin B. Smith, published soon
after his death by the New England Historic Genealogical
Society, detailing some interesting facts connected with his
last hours, and bearing upon his distinguishing character-
istics.

“The common expression ‘he will be missed’ has a
peculiar signification when applied to Judge Bourne. Not
only as the historian, the judge, the safe and prudent coun-
selor shall we miss him, but as the bright, cheerful Chris-
tian gentleman. Perhaps it was this quality, more than
any other, that peculiarly endeared him to his friends. His
cheerfulness under all the dispensations of the Heavenly
Father (and he was called to endure severe afflictions in the
removal of all, save one, of his immediate family, to whom
he was tenderly attached) was remarkable. It was a cheer-

 

fulness founded on full faith in Divine Providence,—a faith
which rendered the blessings of life more joyous, while it
sent a bright gleam through the deepest affliction. It did
not fail him at the last.

“Contrary to the expectation of himself and his friends
(who had supposed a sudden death probable), he was for
the last three or four weeks a great sufferer. He was
obliged to sit in his chair most of the time, day and night,
and could get but little sleep. His disease was of such a
nature that some effort was required for respiration, and
when for a moment he was overpowered by sleep, and,
losing consciousness, ceased to make the unusual effort re-
quisite, he was immediately awakened by the most excru-
ciating suffering,—probably caused by partial strangulation.
Yet, when he was permitted to enjoy temporary relief, he
was inclined to talk, and conversed with his friends in his
old cheery way, seldom alluding to himself or his suffer-
ings, but showing the same interest as formerly in others,
their pursuits and enjoyments. He kept up his participa-
tion in spirit in whatever interested the community. Only
a day or two before his death, he reminded his pastor that
the one hundredth anniversary of the occupancy of the
old church in which he had so long worshiped would
occur on the second Sabbath of January next (1874). He
thought there should be some commemoration of the event,
and remarked that he had contemplated preparing an ap-
propriate address for the occasion. He referred his pastor
to some minutes of facts in his possession compiled for that
purpose, and requested him to prepare an address.

“ Judge Bourne seldom spoke of his religious feelings,
even to his most intimate friends. It was a sacred subject
to him,—too sacred to be talked about on ordinary occasions.
In his last hours, when suffering intensely, and when he
knew that he could live but a few hours at most, he several
times expressed the wish that he might soon be released ;
but as to the untried scenes upon which he was conscious
he was about to enter, he said but little. He felt no appre-
hension. He merely said to a clerical friend, with whom
he had lived on terms of great intimacy for many years,
‘T have no anxiety about the future.’

“His was a faith sublime and sure.’

“Tt is very seldom, indeed, that the name of any citizen
is so closely and thoroughly identified with every interest,
civil and military, religious, moral, and social, commercial,
business, and personal, of the community in which he lives,
as Judge Bourne’s has been for the last half-century with
those of the town of Kennebunk, where he spent a life use-
ful and happy to its close, without reproach, and where his
death is universally lamented.”

CHAPTER XXIV.

BENCH AND BAR —(Concluded).

Biographical Sketches—Brief Mention—List of the Present Members
of the York County Bar.

JOSEPH BARTLETT.

In 1803 came to Saco Joseph Bartlett, an eccentric

man, and one of the wits of the bar. He was born June
92 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

10, 1762, in Plymouth, Mass., and graduated, with honor-
able standing, at Harvard in 1782; his scholarship being
such as to entitle him to membership in the highest literary
society of the college—the Phi Beta Kappa. He pursued
the study of law for a while at Salem, but at the close of
the Revolution went to England, where he led a wild,
irregular life with boon companions, in whose society his
wit and reckless manners made him acceptable. He passed
his time in London in gambling and dissipation, and,
getting into debt, was thrown into prison, from which he
procured his release by writing a play, in which he appeared
as one of the actors. He then procured, upon credit, a
cargo of goods, with which he set sail for America, but his
vessel was wrecked on Cape Cod. We next hear of him
among the forces of Massachusetts raised to put down the
Shays rebellion, where he appears as a captain of volunteers,
but returning to the law again after the war. He com-
menced practice in Woburn, whence he removed to Cam-
bridge in 1796, and became zealous in the affairs of the
town and the college. He seems to have been still honored
by the Phi Beta Kappa, for in 1799 he delivered a poem
before that society, which was considered a talented per-
formance, in his peculiar vein of wit and satire. In a trial
at Plymouth between a mother and a son, during the time
of his residence in Cambridge, he delivered a speech, or
rather a serio-comic argument, some passages of which well
illustrate his manner of mingling the pathetic and the ri-
diculous. He commented upon the sadness of such a
quarrel between a parent and a child, and, said he, “It is a
shame that such a thing should occur here in the old town
of Plymouth, under the shadow of the hill on which were
the graves of the forefathers, and on which I have myself
often picked huckleberries.”

In Saco he took the popular side in politics, being an
ardent Democrat.’ By his long experience, his readiness as
an advocate, his fastidious and agreeable manners, he became
very popular, and for a while had a great run of business.
He was elected to the Senate of Massachusetts in 1805.
He afterwards attempted to set up Daniel Cleaves as a can-
didate for Congress, in opposition to Col. Richard Cutts,
who was first clected from that district in 1800, and held
the office, by six successive elections, through the adminis-
tration of Mr. Jefferson and part of that of Mr. Madison.
In attempting thus to usurp the management of the party
against such leaders as Col. Cutts and Dr. Thornton, he
overestimated his personal strength vastly, and in the rash
and egotistical attempt was the chief sufferer. The organs
and leaders of the party opened upon him with great
severity, and withered him and his business together into
insignificance. Although he brought an action against
Nathaniel Willis, of the Lastern Argus, for libel and im-
prisoned him and recovered damages, it did not help his
cause; while it put money in his pocket it ruined his busi-
ness in Saco, and he was obliged to move out of the town.
He left the State in 1809 or 1810, and lived afterwards on
his desultory literary labors. He drifted about from place
to place, and finally turned up in Boston, where, on the
4th of July, 1823, he delivered an oration in the hall of the
Exchange Coffee-House, and recited an ode entitled the
“ New Vicar of Bray,” which are mentioned by Mr. Lor-

 

ing in his “ Hundred Boston Orators.” The same year
he published an edition of poems, dedicated to John Quincy
Adams, to which he appended “ Aphorisms on Men, Prin-
ciples, and Things.” While living in Saco he edited a
paper called The Freeman's Friend, and on the 4th of July,
1805, delivered an oration at Biddeford. In 1827, at the
age of sixty-five, he wrote the following epitaph upon him-
self:

“Tis done! the fatal stroke is given,
And Bartlett’s fled to hell or heaven;
His friends approve it, and his foes applaud, ,
Yet he will have the verdict of his God.”

WILLIAM B. SEWALL.

“No name,” says Mr. Willis, “ was more honored at the
bar and in the courts of Massachusetts and Maine, for more
than a century, than that of Sewall. From 1692 to 1819
—a period of one hundred and twenty-six years—one of
the family had a seat upon the bench of the highest courts
for one hundred years, about twenty-five of which as a
chief justice: these were Samuel, Stephen, David, and
Samuel, all descendants from Henry, the first American
ancestor, who came to Newbury, Mass., from Coventry,
England, in 1634. Besides these were Jonathan, attor-
ney-general before the Revolution, and Daniel and Henry,
in this State, clerks, time out of mind. They seem to have
had a prescriptive right to the bench and bar dnd places in
court, nor were they much less prominent in the church,
whose pulpits they have filled with eminence, all along the
course of our history. Few names in our annals have had
a higher rank and distinction than theirs.”

William Bartlett Sewall was the only son of Daniel Sewall,
the time-honored clerk of the courts in York County, who
descended from the first Henry, through his second son,
John. He was born in York, Dec. 18,1782. His mother
was Dorcas Bartlett, daughter of John H. Bartlett, of Kit-
tery. He was prepared for college at a grammar school in
York, and entered Harvard in 1799, where he was a class-
mate of Benjamin Ames, Dr. Asa Eaton, of Salem Church,
Boston ; Prof. John Farrar, of Harvard College; Rev. Na-
than Parker, of Portsmouth ; Rev. Dr. Payson, of Portland ;
James Savage, of Boston; and Samuel Willard, D.D., of
Deerfield. He was a member of the highest college society.
On taking his degree he entered the office of Judge Isaac
Parker, of Portland, in December, 1803, and, on account
of the retirement of Judge Parker, in 1806, completed his
legal studies with Edward St. Loe Livermore, at Portsmouth,
and was admitted to the bar in Essex County. He returned
to Portland, where he opened an office, was admitted to the
Supreme Court in Cumberland County, and soon became a
partner with Chief Justice Mellen. On the 26th of No-
vember, 1816, he married Betsey Cross, of Portland, who
lived about three years after their marriage; and Mr. Sewall,
upon her death, in 1819, removed to Kennebunk, and re-
occupied, with his aged father and sisters, the old home-
stead. He assisted his father in the duties of his offices, as
clerk and register of probate, during the remainder of the
time he continued to hold them. In 1823 he returned to
Portland and took charge of the editorial department of the
Advertiser, which he continued to conduct several years,
adding in the mean time a semi-weekly edition. In 1837 he
BENCH AND BAR OF YORK COUNTY.

returned to Kennebunk, where he married for his second
wife Mariah M. Gilpatrick, daughter of Richard Gilpatrick,
of Kennebunk, Jan. 26, 1841, in whose congenial society
he passed the remainder of his days, in the calmness and
serenity which wait on a genial temper, and follow towards
its close a life of gentleness, purity, and uniform benignity.
He died at Kennebunk on the 4th of March, 1869, leaving
no children.

Mr. Sewall was a good lawyer, had a clear and discrimi-
nating mind, and had great accuracy and familiarity with
the forms of practice and the art of conveyancing. But
his extreme diffidence and modesty deterred him from mak-
ing any exhibition in court, or taking any position as an
advocate. Perhaps the circumstance of his connection
with Mr. Mellen, in the early years of his practice, re-

 

93

the scholar to the wrangles of the bar, and devoted much
time to poetry and prose composition, which illuminated
the columns of the newspapers and periodicals. In con-
nection with the wits about town,—Savage, Payson, Daveis,
Deering, Carter, Wright, and others, Portland was kept in
good humor; and the Pilgrim, Prowler, Night-Hawl:, and
Torpedo flashed with merriment which would have done
honor to the Salamagundi or to the modern Punch.

When he went to Portland, in 1803, he found his class-
mates, Savage and Payson (afterwards the distinguished
preacher, but at that time the preceptor of the new acad-
emy), pursuing their studies there, and, to amuse them-
selves, they were writing a series of articles in the Old

Portland Gazette (then edited by Isaac Adams) over
the signature of “ Pilgrim.”

They immediately pressed

 

Photo. by J. T. Locke, Kennebunk, Me.

strained him from aiming at or acquiring any experience
as an advocate. Mr. Mellen argued all his own causes, as
well as many of those commenced by other lawyers, with
rare zeal and ability, so that a junior partner could have
no opportunity to acquire facility in the art. Mr. Sewall
had great delicacy and sensitiveness of taste ; nothing com-
monplace or inferior could ever satisfy the demand of his
own criticism. He had had also a shrinking diffidence
which seemed to be natural to the family,—his father and
uncles, Jotham and Henry, had it; so had the excellent
judge, David Sewall, and the wise and modest chief jus-
tice, Samuel Sewall, who died while holding court at Wis-
casset in 1814.

Mr. Sewall was a scholar and a ripe one, of cultivated
taste and fine thought. He preferred the quiet pursuits of

Sewall into the service, and he became a joint contributor
to those agreeable literary productions, which instructed and
amused the town. The Prow/er followed, and these more
formal essays were interspersed with many a squib and
New Year's Hudibrastic verses, which lighted up the pro-
saic columns of the Grazette.

Mr. Sewall had a great fondness for mathematical studies,
which he pursued to a large extent in college, and was re-
warded for his attainments in that branch by an assign-
ment of ‘exercises in mathematics and astronomy’ at
commencement, with two others of his classmates, Nathan
Parker and Daniel Swan. This taste was probably imbibed
in early life from his father, who had quite a genius for
mathematical calculations, which manifested itself in the

preparation of almanacs, and the like labors. Both father
.

94

HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

and son worked much in that line, in which they took
pleasure and made great proficiency. The son, when young,
assisted his father in almanac-making; and, when in the
practice of his profession, beguiled the leisure time in pre-
paring a “ Register for Maine,” which he published several
years after the separation from Massachusetts. In connection
with Judge Bourne, of Kennebunk, he prepared the “ Reg-
ister of Maine for 1820.” This being the first published in
the new State, was very full, and contained a vast deal of
useful information, in a compact form. It contained a
chronological account of the various settlements in Maine
from the earliest time, with notice of early grants, etc. ; the
act of separation, the new constitution, and the list of dele-
gates to the convention, tariff of duties, army and navy reg-
ister, besides the usual matter embraced in such works. He
continued the publication of the ‘‘ Register” several years ;
for the labor, care, and investigation in which, the sales
poorly compensated. These humble but very valuable sta-
tistical works are not appreciated in their day so much as
they ought to be; nor is the labor and skill necessary in
the preparation sufficiently estimated. A full series of these
works is invaluable to one who is collecting materials for a
history, or who desires to see the form and pressure of the
times long gone by.

In all works of this kind, and others involving statistical
habits or knowledge, Mr. Sewall had few equals in his day.
What he did he did thoroughly and well, and he was con-
stantly busy about something useful or amusing. He was
one or two years secretary of the Senate, soon after the
separation, which gave him facilities in his favorite pursuit;
aud he was often afterwards employed by members and
committees to draft and prepare bills and other papers to
be laid before the Legislature, in which his clear and con-
cise method rendered him a model worthy of all imitation.
It would have promoted the accuracy and precision of the
statutes if this practice had been continued.

He was always cheerful, social, and often gay; his hu-
mor was racy, and the play of mind was lambent and genial.

SAMUEL HUBBARD.

On the removal of Judge Miller to Portland in 1806, his
place at Biddeford was occupied by Samuel Hubbard, who
afterwards became a distinguished lawyer and judge in
Massachusetts. Mr. Hubbard was born in Boston, in 1785,
and graduated at Yale College in 1802, at the age of seven-
teen. He studied his profession in New Haven, in the
office of Judge Chauncey, for two years, and completed his
course with Charles Jackson, the eminent lawyer and judge
of Boston. Immediately after his admission to the bar in
Suffolk County he came to Biddeford, where Mr. Mellen
had built up a Jarge and, for that period, profitable practice,
the result of fourteen years’ earvest and diligent labor. It
could hardly be expected that a young lawyer, only twenty
years of age, and just entering upon his practice, however
fine his abilities, could fill at once the wide circle made by
his eminent predecessor, especially as the flourishing village
on the opposite side of the river furnished older and more
experienced competitors in Cyrus King, Jeremiah Brad-
bury, and the eccentric Joseph Bartlett, who were in prac-
tice there at that time. Still, Mr. Hubbard did a successful

 

business, and remained in Biddeford till 1810, when he
returned to Boston and formed a partnership with his
former teacher, Judge Jackson. The appointment of Mr.
Jackson to the bench, in 1813, left him a large and lucrative
practice. He was elevated to the bench of the Supreme
Court to fill the place made vacant by the death of Judge
Putnam, in 1842, which position he filled with great ac-
ceptance till his death, Dec. 24, 1847.

WILLIAM ALLEN HAYES.

William Allen Hayes, of South Berwick, was a worthy
member of the bar, and long filled places of honor and trust
in York County. He was the youngest of three sons of
David Hayes, of North Yarmouth, in which town he was
born on the 20th of October, 1783. He was prepared for
college under the tuition of Rev. Tristram Gilman, and grad-
uated at Dartmouth in 1805. He studied law first with
Ezekiel Whitman, at New Gloucester, then for a short time
with Dudley Hubbard, at South Berwick, and finished his
course with Artemas Ward, of Charlestown, a celebrated
lawyer of the Middlesex bar, afterwards chief justice of the
Boston Court of Common Pleas, who was a sound lawyer,
with a very large practice. Mr. Hayes was admitted to the
Middlesex bar in 1809, and immediately opened an office
at South Berwick, which place for the remainder of his life
became the field of his labor, his usefulness, and his fame.

The other lawyers at this time in that thriving village
were Messrs. Hubbard, Greene, and Lambert, the two for-
mer of whom were giving much of their time to politics,
and the latter not pushing business with much energy. A
good opening therefore existed for a young lawyer like Mr.
Hayes, and he occupied it and improved it with great as-
siduity, soon acquiring a large business, which, by judicious
management, accumulated to a handsome competence, won
him the confidence and esteem of the public, and made him
a leading man in that section of the country. He suc-
ceeded, not only to the business of Dudley Hubbard, who
died in 1816, but to his elegant mansion and farm, and made
it one of the most beautiful and highly-cultivated spots in
the country. Forty years of his busy life were spent in his
practice and other public and private duties. For more
than twenty-five years he was president of the South Ber-
wick Bank; about the same period president of the Bar of
York County; he was many years president of the Board
of Trustees of Berwick Academy, and for twenty years
(1828-47) judge of probate for York County. In all
these multiplied relations he maintained the character of a
faithful, upright, wise, and good man.

When his cares and labors had greatly increased, he
found a partner, an able coadjutor, in a young man of fine
talents and business capacity whom he took into his office,
—Charles N. Cogswell, of whom we give a brief sketch
below.

. CHARLES N. COGSWELL.

Charles Northend Cogswell was the son of Northend and
Elizabeth Cogswell, and was born in Berwick, April 24,
1797. In 1814, at the age of seventeen, he graduated at
Bowdoin College. He studied law with Mr. Hayes, with
whom he entered into partnership on being admitted to the
bar in 1817. It proved a most successful partnership,
BENCH AND BAR OF YORK COUNTY. 95

both being men of high intellectual endowments and large
business capacity. It is said that for many years more
business was done in their office than in any other in the
country.

Mr. Cogswell possessed the confidence of the community
in a large degree, not merely in his professional services,
but in his business relations and public duties. He was
often elected to represent his town and county in the Legis-
lature and Senate of the State, and was a member of the
latter body in 1833-34. After an honorable and useful
life he died suddenly on the 11th of October, 1843, in the
forty-seventh year of his age. Judge Goodenow, in reply
to the application to place upon the records of the court
the resolves of sympathy adopted by the bar, observed,
“In a professional career of twenty-five years, few, very
few, have accomplished it so well. His talents for business
were indeed extraordinary, and he was most diligent in the
employment of them. His memory was retentive, and he
was exceedingly accurate in all his transactions in his office
and in the courts. His whole demeanor was amiable and
exemplary.”

Mr. Cogswell was twice married. His first wife was
Elizabeth Hill, of Portsmouth; his second, Margaret H.
Russell, daughter of Edward Russell, of Portland, by
whom he left one son.

Judge Hayes survived his junior partner eight years,
and died April 15, 1851, aged sixty-seven.

WILLIAM PITT PREBLE.

Judge William Pitt Preble commenced practice in York,
the home of his ancestors, who had been distinguished in
the early history of Maine. Abraham Preble, the first an-
cestor in America, came from England, and was one of the
first settlers of Scituate, Mass., prior to 1637. In 1642
he purchased a tract of land at Agamenticus, now York,
where he settled and continued to reside till his death,
which occurred in 1663. He sustained some of the most
considerable and responsible offices in the province, having
been councilor for Sir Ferdinando Gorges, in 1645, and so
long as the government of the Lord Proprietor was main-
tained; member of the General Provincial Court; com-
missioner, treasurer, and chief military officer of the prov-
ince. His son, Benjamin, filled many important offices,
and his great-grandson, Brig.-Gen. Preble, was a renowned
citizen, and father of Commodore Edward Preble.

Judge Preble, the subject of this notice, was the son of
Isaias Preble, and was born in that part of York called
Scotland Parish, Nov. 27, 1783. He graduated at Har-
vard in 1806, pursued the study of law, partly in the
office of Benjamin’ Hasey, of Topsham, and partly in that
of Mr. Orr, in Brunswick. Commenced practice in York,
whence in a short time he removed to Alfred, and in 1811
was appointed county attorney for York County. In 1813
he removed to Saco. In 1814 he received from President
Madison the appointment of United States attorney for the
district, as the successor of Silas Lee, who died that year.
In consequence of this appointment he removed to Port-
land in 1818, which continued ever after to be the place
of his residence. His great abilities as a lawyer soon placed
him in the foremost rank of the bar of the State, an equal

 

competitor with those honored in the several counties,—
Dane, Mellen, Whitman, Holmes, Longfellow, Wilde,
Allen, Greenleaf, Fessenden, Crosby, McGaw, and many
others. He resembled Mr. Orr in the clearness and force
of his style in presenting a cause to a jury, being plain,
solid, and matter-of-fact in his arguments.

On the organization of the State, in 1820, he was se-
lected as one of the three judges of the Supreme Judicial
Court,—a position which he honored, by his weight of
character and able opinions, during the eight years which
he occupied the bench. He retired from the honorable
position in 1828, to accept of the appointment to the di-
plomatic service of minister plenipotentiary to the Hague,
tendered by President Jackson. He received the appoint-
ment to this critical and delicate service in view of the
boundary-line question which had been submitted to the
arbitration of the King of Holland. The award having
been unfavorable, Judge Preble entered against it a severe
and able protest. He returned to Maine in 1831, and was
appointed the State agent to proceed to Washington for
the purpose of enforcing the rights of Maine, and induced
the general government not to accept the award. In 1832
he was one of the commissioners appointed to negotiate
with the United States, and secured a settlement of the
controversy alike honorable to his judgment and ability as
a diplomatist, and to the interests of the State of Maine.

We have not space to give in detail the life of one so emi-
nent in public services. His agency as a prime mover

and negotiator, both in Canada and in England, in the

measures whereby the connection between Portland and the

' Great West was secured by the Atlantic and St. Lawrence

(now the Grand Trunk) Railway are well known, and be-
long to another portion of the history of the country. Judge
Preble died Oct. 11, 1857, at the age of seventy-three. He
was twice married, his first wife being Nancy Gale Tucker,
second daughter of Joseph Tucker, of York, at one time
the collector of that port, whom he married in September,
1810. His son by this marriage, William Pitt Preble, his
namesake, has been for many years clerk of the District
Court of the United States, residing at Portland. Judge
Preble’s second wife was Sarah A. Forsaith, of Portland, by
whom he had one son. There were two daughters by the
first marriage.
ETHER SHEPLEY.

Ether Shepley, late chief justice of Maine, was the second

son of John Shepley, and Mary, widow of Captain Thur-

~ low, of the Revolutionary army, a daughter of Deacon Gib-

son, of Stowe. He was born in Groton, Mass., where the

_ family was early settled, on the 2d of November, 1789, and

received his elementary education at the Groton Academy,
In 1811 he took his degree at Dartmouth College, in class
with Prof. Nathaniel H. Carter, Bezalee] Cushman, and Na-
thaniel Wright, who were instructors in Portland after

_ leaving college; Dr. William Cogswell, Daniel Poor, the

celebrated missionary ; Professor Parker, of the Harvard

’ Law School; Amos Kendall, postmaster-general under
President Jackson, and other distinguished men.

On leaving college Mr. Shepley entered the law-office of
Dudley Hubbard, in South Berwick, where he remained
two years, putting into an orderly and prosperous shape the
96 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

large collection business of Mr. Hubbard, which had been
suffering from the want of systematic attention. He con-
tinued his studies with Zabdiel B. Adams, of Worcester
County, and with Solomon Strong, of Hampshire, and was
admitted to the bar in 1814, in July of which he commenced
practice in Saco. Mr. Willis says of him, ‘‘ With the ex-
perience he had gathered, and the habits of business he had
acquired, he was more than usually advanced over young
practitioners in the knowledge of his profession, and in the
use of its machinery, and early entered upon a successful
and lucrative practice, which his industry, close application,
and practical ability made secure, and gave to him a prom-
inent place in the community in which he resided.

In 1819 he zealously entered into the measures for the
separation of Maine from Massachusetts, being that year a
representative from Saco in the General Court. He was
also that year chosen a delegate to the constitutional con-
vention, in which body he took an active part. In Feb-
ruary, 1821, he was appointed United States district
attorney in the place of William Pitt Preble, who was
elevated to the bench of the Supreme Court. This office
he held until his election as one of the United States sen-
ators from Maine, in 1833, the duties of which, in connec-
tion with his very extensive practice, he discharged with
great promptness and fidelity, of which no better evidence
can be adduced than the length of time he was permitted
to retain it,—through the four closing years of Mr. Mon-
roe’s administration, the whole of Mr. Adams’, and four
years into Gen. Jackson’s, and left it at last only for a
more exalted station. He was elected to the Senate of the
United States in 1833, as the successor of Hon. John
Holmes, and in that body, by vote and voice, sustained the
administration of General Jackson. In January, 1834, he
made two earnest and able speeches on the exciting question
respecting removing the deposits from the United States
Bank. He remained a member of the Senate till Septem-
ber, 1836, when he was appointed to the bench of the Su-
preme Court, to fill a vacancy caused by the resignation of
Judge Parris, who had been appointed by Mr. Van Buren
second comptroller of the United States Treasury. ‘ As a
judge, both at nisi prius and in the law department, his
ability, his industry, and his integrity fully justified the
partiality and good judgment of Governor Dunlap's admin-
istration, by which the appointment was made.”

In 1848 he was appointed chief justice, as the successor
of Judge Whitman, with the general concurrence of the
bar and public sentiment. He continued in this high office
till the autumn of 1855, when his constitutional term of
seven years having expired, he retired from the bench with
an exalted and unsullied reputation. ‘ No judge ever more
faithfully or more promptly discharged the duties of the
bench than Judge Shepley; and the ability which charac-
terized his judicial career is amply illustrated in the twenty-
seven volumes of the ‘“‘ Maine Reports,” from the fourteenth
to the fortieth, inclusive. His opinions are drawn with
clearness, directness, and force, and no one can mistake the
point which he endeavors to establish.”

The last public office he was called to perform was that
of sole commissioner for the revision of the public laws, to
which he was appointed by resolve of April 1,1856. In

 

accordance with this he prepared the “ Revised Statutes of
Maine,” published in 1857. As a proper recognition of
legal learning and judicial experience, Dartmouth College
conferred upon him the honorary title of LL.D.

Judge Shepley married, in 1816, Anna Foster, by whom
he had five sons. One of his sons, John R. Shepley,
graduated at Bowdoin College in 1837, and became a prom-
inent lawyer in St. Louis. Another, the late George Fos-
ter Shepley, judge of the United States Circuit Court, born
at Saco, Jan. 1, 1819, graduated at Dartmouth at the age
of eighteen, 1837; colonel of the 12th Maine Volunteers ;
promoted to brigadier-general ; commandant of New Or-
leans; military Governor of Louisiana ; chief of staff of
Maj.-Gen. Weitzel; and military Governor of Richmond
at the close of the war. He resigned his commission July
1, 1865, and on his return to Portland resumed the prac-
tice of his profession. Dec. 22, 1869, he received the ap-
pointment of United States Circuit Judge for the First
Circuit, which office he held at the time of his death, July
20, 1878. A short time previously, Dartmouth College
had conferred upon him the honorary degree of LL.D., a
suitable recognition of his eminence as a legal scholar and
judge.

PHILIP EASTMAN.

Philip Eastman (Asa®, Jonathan’, Philip‘, Capt. Eben-
ezer*, Philip’, Roger’) is a lineal descendant in the seventh
generation from Roger Eastman, who was born in Wales,
Great Britain, in 1611. Married Sarah ; emigrated
to America in 1640, and settled in Salisbury, Mass. He
died Dec. 16, 1694. His wife died March 11, 1697.
They had ten children. John, eldest son, represented
Salisbury in the General Court of Massachusetts in 1691.
Philip, third son, and in direct line of descent, born Oct.
20, 1644, married, Aug. 22, 1698, Mary Morse, and settled
in Haverhill, Mass. His house was burned by the Indians
March 15, 1698, some of his family taken, and others dis-
persed. He afterwards removed to Woodstock, Conn.

 

“In answ’ to the petition of Philip Eastman humbly desiring this
Court’s favour, considering his late captivity w" the Indians & losse,
that he may be freed from the payment of such rates as have binn, or
may be levyed this yeare for the use of the Country, the Court grants
him his request.”"—Colony Iecurds of Mass., vol. v. page 114. Sept.
16, 1676.

Capt. Ebenezer Kastman, born Jan. 10, 1689, married
Sarah Peaslee; March 4, 1710, and settled in Haverhill,
where all his children were born. He was early a pioneer
among the Indians; afterwards a captain in the French
war ; went to the capture of Louisbourg, under Sir William
Pepperell ; had a garrison on the east side of the Merrimac,
now Hast Concord ; was one of the grantees of Penacook,
now Concord, and was one of the earliest, most active, and
influential settlers. He died July 28, 1748. Philip, son
of Capt. Ebenezer, born Nov. 13, 1713, at Haverhill,
Mass., married Abiah Bradley, March 29, 1739. She was
sister of Jonathan and Samuel Bradley, who were killed by
the Indians at Penacook. She often donned a man’s hat,
shouldered a musket, and took her stand in the sentinel’s
box through the night to relieve her husband. He died
Sept. 1, 1804. Jonathan, son of Philip, born June 10,
1746, was a volunteer in Capt. Joshua Abbott's company
WY

lf G a

 
Sec reser eco osremegee res

 

 
BENCH AND BAR OF YORK COUNTY. 97

 

that marched to reinforce the Northern Army in September,
1777. He married Molly Chandler, Jan. 5, 1769, and
died Oct. 19, 1834. His second wife, Esther, died the
same year, aged eighty-one. Asa Hastman, son of Jonathan,
born Dec. 5, 1770, married Dec. 31, 1795, Molly, daughter
of Lieut. Phineas Kimball, of Concord. She was born
May 15,1775. About 1792 he and Samuel Ayer Brad-
ley built a cabin and commenced clearing on the margin of
Cold River, in the wilderness, four miles from the extreme
frontier settlement, on a tract of land purchased by their
fathers from the commonwealth of Massachusetts, known
as the “‘ Bradley & Hastman Grant,” now a part of the town
of Stow, in the State of Maine. Bradley, after two seasons,
determined upon a professional life; graduated at Dart-
mouth College in 1799; studied law, and settled at Frye-
burg, where he died. Eastman continued to clear his land,
and taught school winters until his marriage. He first
moved into a log house on the Chatham, N. H., side, which
he built the previous summer, and there lived until 1801,
when he built the first framed house (two story) in the set-
tlement (still standing), where he lived until his death, Aug.
16, 1818. He was well educated, hospitable, a liberal and
useful citizen, a judicious magistrate, and a legislator highly
esteemed for his public and private worth. His wife died
in Chatham, Dec. 4, 1859. Philip Eastman, son of Asa,
born in Chatham, N. H., Feb. 5, 1799, graduated at Bow-
doin College, in 1820, in the class with the late Judge
Hathaway and Hon. Samuel Bradley. He read law with
Stephen Chase, of Fryeburg; Hon. Nicholas Baylies, of
Montpelier, Vt.; and with Judah Dana, of Fryeburg; was
admitted to the bar in September, 1823, and commenced
practice at North Yarmouth, Me.

He married, July 23, 1827, Mary, daughter of Stephen
Ambrose, of Concord, N. H. She was born May 12, 1801.
In 1836 he removed to Harrison, and in June, 1847, re-
moved to Saco, and formed a law partnership with Mr.
Bradley, his old classmate, where he remained in the prac-
tice of his profession until his death, Aug. 7, 1869. He
was active, interested, and influential in town, county, and
State affairs, and called by the citizens where he resided to
occupy stations of responsibility and honor.

He was chairman of the county commissioners for Cum-
berland County from 1831 to 1837, and Democratic mem-
ber of the State Senate in 1840 and 1842. In 1840 he
was chairman of the committee on the revision of the stat-
utes, and superintended their publication in the winter of
1841.

In 1842 he was appointed chairman of the commissioners
on the part of Maine to locate grants to settlers in the ter-
ritory which had been claimed by Great Britain in the
northerly part of the State, under the provisions of the
Treaty of Washington, and was engaged in that business
mostly in the Madawaska settlement during that and the
following season.

In 1849 he published a digest of the first twenty-six
volumes of the Maine Reports. He was a member of the
Maine Historical Society, and was for several years a trustee
of Bowdoin College.

For six years prior to his decease he was president of
the old Manufacturers’ (now Saco National) Bank, and was

13

 

identified with all the social, religious, and business interests
of the city of his residence.

The following quotations are from addresses of members
of the York bar:

REMARKS OF HON. MOSES EMERY.

“Philip Eastman was conservative in his character,—seldom, if
ever, changed an opinion he had once formed, and in religion and

"politics always, to the time of his death, adhered to the associations

of his youth. He read the Bible through many times in the course
of his life, and manifested equal reverence for the Old and New Testa-
ments. He, I believe, looked to the past as furnishing safe landmarks
for the future. Hence we always knew where to find him. This and
his fixed moral principles rendered him always reliable. The breath
of slander never reached him. In his undertakings I have reason to
believe he always sought aid and guidance from above, and scrupulously

' acted according to the light given him. Hence the smooth and even

tenor of his life—never ruffled—never disturbed—always the same
Philip Eastman—mild and benignant, but firm as the oak in his con-
victions of duty. He now rests from his labors, and his ‘works do
follow him.’”

REMARKS OF JUDGE E. u. ROURNE.

“As a lawyer, he maintained an honorable status, acquired by
many years of diligent study. Few members of the bar give them-
selves so freely as he did to the acquisition of professional knowledge.
He was always the diligent student, and, in consequence, became well
versed in jurisprudence. Above all deception in his practice, and
straightforward in the duties of his profession, he drew to himself a

_ class of clients from the best ranks of society. The public always

had confidence in him as a lawyer and as 1 man. Honorable and

- eourteous in his action in court, and frowning upon all chicanery and

every specics of low artifice, he acquired also the respect of the
members of the bar. He duly appreciated the dignity of the pro-

_ fession, regarding the ministry of the law as one of the highest
_ employments of life. His generous and liberal spirit would not permit

him to say anything which would wound the feelings of another. He
was a man of peace.”

Mr. Eastman left two sons and two daughters living,—
Ellen Jane; Ambrose, a graduate of Bowdoin College, a
practicing lawyer in Boston ; Edward, a graduate of Bow-
doin in the class of 1857, studied law with his father, ad-
mitted to the bar in 1860, and has since remained in the
continuous practice of the law at Saco; and Mary Searle
Eastman.

HON. DANIEL GOODENOW. =

Daniel Goodenow was born in Henniker, N. H., Oct.

30, 1793. His parents removed to Brownfield, Me., in

1802. In 1813 he entered the law-office of Hon. John
Holmes, at Alfred, and was admitted to the York County
bar in 1817. While prosecuting his legal studies in the

- ofice of Mr. Holmes he at the same time carried on those

of the sciences and classics so rapidly and successfully that
in 1817 he was admitted to the senior class of Dartmouth

- University, and graduated there the same year.

Having chosen Alfred as his home, he rapidly gained an
extensive practice, and soon became a leader at the bar.
In 1825, ’27, and ’30 he represented Alfred in the House

of Representatives, and the latter year was Speaker. In

1831, ’32, and ’33 he was the candidate of the Whig
party for Governor ; and in 1838 and 1841 he was attor-
ney-general of the State. From 1841 to 1848 he was
judge of the District Court for the Western District, and
from 1855 to 1862 an associate judge of the Supreme
Judicial Court of Maine. In 1860, the honorary degree

of LL.D. was conferred on him by Bowdoin College, of
98 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

which he was for twenty-five years a faithful and devoted
trustee. He died at Alfred, Oct. 7, 1863.

- At the next term of the Supreme Court, held at Saco,
in January, 1864, Judge Kent, one of his associates on the
bench, made the following remarks :

“Judge Goodenow has always been a marked and prominent man,
and he has ever exerted a decided influence on society. This was the
result of talents cultivated and wisely employed, of character unsul-
lied, and integrity unquestioned, of that combination of intellectual

and moral qualities which in their development give the world ‘as-_

surance of a man’ true to himself and true to his fellow-man.

“There was something in his character and in his success worthy of
examination and imitation. His early life was one of struggle with
adverse circumstances ; but this has been the fortune of many. He
met and overcame obstacles,—and so have most of the leading men of
our country. But it always seemed to me that our deceased friend
early formed a plan of life and adhered to it; that in his years of
early manhood, without wasting his days in repining, he fixed his aim
high, and an earnest ambition to be a man among men—and they
among the highest—stimulated him to excel. But,he laid the foun-
dation on which he hoped to rise not on low cunning, or mean in-
trigues, or sycophantic flattery, but on the solid basis of integrity, sin-
cerity, and industry ; hoping and straining always for honor and suc-
cess, but compassing ‘noble ends by noble means,’ and spurning
everything which would justly lower him in the estimation of good
men, and would wound and tarnish his conscientious sense of right
and duty. Tracing the life thus commenced, we find, in its develop-
ment and its history, the formation of a character less marked by
startling brilliancy than by solid worth and firm principle, and the
useful and honorable performance of the duties of daily life. In man-
ners courteous and dignified, he was firm in his convictions, and de-
cided in avowing and maintaining them.

“Judge Goodenow had great self-respect, which, no doubt, in his ear-
lier years, and through his whole life, stood sentinel against low tempta-
tions, and degrading or corrupting associations of habits. It never took
the form of arrogance or of undue assumption, or of ascetic life, or of
aristocratic contempt for those around him, But it was the result of a
proper appreciation of his own character and position, of the true
dignity of human nature, and of watchful care that, whatever else be-
fell, his own self-respect should not be lost or clouded by misfortune,
or by the malevolence or misconstruction of others. It produced in him
a high sense of personal honor, which, whilst it rendered him courte-
ous and gentlemanly and genial in social life, could repress inten-
tional insults, and check unseemly license, with dignity and effect.

“He was a frank and a sincere man. He meant what he said, and
he said what he meant. He was true, not merely in his words, but
in his instincts and in his life. He professed nothing that he did not
feel, and promised nothing that he did not intend to perform. His
convictions were clear and strong, and held unwaveringly and with
few misgivings, and he was ever true to themin wordandindeed. But
he was not dogmatic or offensive in uttering and maintaining them.
What he claimed for himself he yielded to others. His popularity was
never the result of that weakness or selfishness which fears to form a
distinct opinion, or to express it when duty calls, but of the conviction,
which even those who differed from him felt, that he was sincere and
honest and truthful, and that whilst ever true to his friends, he was
never false even to an opponent, or to an enemy, if he had one.

“The professional life of our brother was honorable and successful.
He seemed to have early formed a right appreciation of. its true char-
acter and highest dignity. It was never with him a mere trade, by
which money was to be gained and a living secured. It was not to
him an instrument to be used for chicanery and oppression, or to ex-
tort unjustly, by by-paths and indircction, the hard earnings of the
unlearned and confiding. It was never with him a cover to conceal,
under forms of law, the grasping spirit of avarice, and he never
stirred up strife among his neighbors that fees might flow into his
coffers. To the just and reasonable and honorable pecuniary rewards
of his professional labors he was not indifferent, but he claimed them
as rightly paid for laborious and valuable service. But he felt, as every
true and high-minded professional man must feel, that there are
higher rewards and higher motives than those that are merely mer-
cenary, which should move and excite him to action.

“No man who does not honor his profession can be honored by it.

. cases with the established principles of law.

| were manifested in a marked degree in his judicial career.

 

But the upright lawyer, who has spent his days and nights in prep-
aration, and has mastered his profession in its principles and in its
details, and stands up as the advocate of his fellow-man, when his in-
terests, his character, or his liberty are in question, always feels that
he has assumed a responsibility which mere money can never ade-
quately recompense. And when engaged in the conflicts of the forum,
earnest and faithful in presenting the cause of his client, and while true

_ to him and his duty, equally true to the court and to himself, he

thinks not an instant of his pecuniary reward, but he exerts his best
powers of eloquence and argument in the discussion of great princi-
ples or minute details with no other feeling than that of duty, and
with no other thought than of the honorable fame which may follow
from its performance. As soon would the true soldier, in the hour
of the sternest strife on the battle-field, think of his pay and rations.

“Judge Goodenow brought to the bench the learning, the expe-
rience, and the maturity of mind and judgment acquired in his many
years of laborious industry at the bar. He gave to the State his best

. powers, and he faithfully strove to administer justice without fear or

favor, and, as far as possible, to reconcile the equity of particular
The characteristics to
which I have alluded, and which have been spoken of by our brother,
He was
there, as everywhere, independent and firm, impartial and just,—

' more anxious to do his duty and satisfy his own conscience than to
, gain temporary applause.
' but he must be convinced of his error before he would yield to the de-

He claimed no exemption from error,

cision of a majority. When he left the bench, at the expiration of
his term of office, we al] felt that the State had lost a faithful, de-
voted, and honest servant, and he retired with honor, carrying with
him the best wishes of his colleagues and of the whole people.

“Tt is cheering to contemplate such a life in all its parts until its
earthly end. With no adventitious advantages, with no uncommon
natural powers, but starting on the voyage of life with good sense and

. good purposes, and amid difficulties and trials and dangers, and the

shoals and rocks, keeping his eye fixed on his polar star, he steers his
course, ever ‘steady with an upright keel,’ never relaxing in his pur-
pose, or yielding to fear or despondency, until his bark is safely moored
in its last harbor and resting-place. Well may we—well, especially,
may all young men—pause and contemplate and study such an ex-

_ ample. =

“ Alas! how often is it otherwise! Where one who can look back
through a long vista of years recalls and counts up the multitude of
young men who commenced life with him, with fair promise, full of
hope and talent, and ambition and joyous anticipation, and with
honest and earnest purpose to excel, and then numbers the wrecks
caused by want of a steady aim and a fixed plan of life, and remem-
bers how many sank by yielding to sensual indulgence, or enervating
indolence, or to the syren song of pleasure, luring them on to the
rocks, or yielded themselves willing victims to that scourge of our
land, intemperance, or fainted under difficulties, or gave up in despair
at early failures of extravagant hopes, or by reason of disappoint-
ments which they had not manliness and strength of will enough to
make stepping-stones for new efforts and thus surmount them,—when
the vast mass of ruin lies before him in his memory, he would fain
turn from it and the sorrow which it creates to the contemplation of
the life and history of those who, like our deceased brother, have
weathered the storms and sailed over the seas in safety and with suc-
cess. In the one class the young man may find beacons to warn; in
the other, charts to guide him in the voyage of life.

“Our brother’s death was startlingly sudden. And yet it was to
him ‘no unthought-of hour.’ He had fixed his thoughts through life,
and especially as it drew towards its close, on the high themes of death
and immortality. He had the faith, and he lived the life, of a rational
Christian. The foundation of all that was estimable and valuable in

his character was his devout sense of responsibility to his Maker.

The summons did not find him unprepared. His life’s work had been
done, and well done. He had reached the allotted time for man on
earth. He had borne himself honorably through life, and possessed
the love of his family and the esteem of his neighbors. With no stain
on his character as a citizen, as a Christian, or as a man, but with a
high and enviable reputation in all these relations, he has gone down
to the grave, in the fullness of his years, without suffering and with-
out the wasting pains of protracted sickness.

“Although nature may prompt us, ordinarily, to join in the prayer
of the Litany for deliverance ‘from sudden death,’ yet there are cases
BENCH AND BAR OF YORK COUNTY.

99

 

when we can but feel that among the blessings of the good man’s life not
the least may be the sudden summons which calls him away from suf-
fering and sorrow, and from those years of protracted life which have
no pleasure in them, ‘FrLIX—NON TANTUM VITA CLARITATE, SED
ETIAM OPPURTUNITATE MORTIS.’”

Judge Goodenow had four brothers, all of whom were
lawyers. Two of them—Hon. Rufus K. Goodenow, of Paris,
and Hon. Robert Goodenow, of Farmington—were repre-
sentatives in Congress from Maine. Two sisters—Mrs.
Alpheus Spring, of Fryeburg, Me., and Mrs. Daniel P.
Stone, of Malden, Mass.—survive.

He was twice married,—first to a daughter of Hon.
John Holmes. Of their three children, the eldest is the
wife of Rev. William H. Willcox, of Malden, Mass.

The eldest son, John Holmes Goodenow, graduated at
Bowdoin College in 1852; was admitted to the bar in Port-
land in 1855; was a partner of Hon. Nathan D. Appleton,
at Alfred; was a member of the House of Representatives
in 1859; president of the Maine Senate in 1861-62 ; and
from 1865 to 1876 was consul-general at Constantinople,
and three times chargé d’ affairs.

The second son, Henry Clay Goodenow, graduated at
Bowdoin College in 1853; was admitted to the bar in
1856; commenced practice at Biddeford; removed to
Lewiston, where he was a partner of Hon. Charles W.

NATHAN D. APPLETON.

Hon. Nathan D. Appleton was born in Ipswich, Mass.,
in May, 1794, where his ancestors had resided since the
first of the name, Samuel Appleton, moved there from
England in 1635. He graduated at Bowdoin in 1813, and
seven years later settled in Alfred, having been admitted to
the bar in 1816. His ripe scholarship and gentlemanly
deportment soon gave him an extensive practice. In 1829,
1847, and 1848 he was a member of the State Legislature,
was president of the Senate in 1830 and in 1837, and in
1838, 1850, and 1852 was the nominee of the Whig party
for representative to Congress. From 1857 to 1860-he
held the office of attorney-general. During the long period
of over forty years in which Mr. Appleton practiced at the
York County bar he always maintained an unblemished
character and a high position as a lawyer anda man. He
married Julia, daughter of Abial Hall, of Alfred.

RUFUS P. TAPLEY.

Rufus P. Tapley, son of Rufus and Rebecca (Josselyn)
Tapley, was born in Danvers, Mass., Jan. 2, 1823. In

 

early life he was obliged to depend upon his own resources
hands and a resolve to work his own way—for
| obtaining an education.

| —willing

In this he was successful, and re-

 

fife bap

Goddard, and is at present judge of the Police Court in
Bangor.

Judge Goodenow’s second wife was a daughter of Judge
Dana, of Fryeburg, and the widow of Henry B. Osgood,
Esq., of Fryeburg. Their only child is the wife of James

~ Hopkins Smith, Esq., of New York.

ceived a liberal preliminary education in the schools of his
native town and from private tutors. In 1846 he came to
Saco, and began the study of law in the office of Bradley
& Haines, and was subsequently a student with Bradley &
Eastman. He was admitted to the bar in 1848, and has
| yemained in the continuous practice of the law in Saco
100 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

since. In 1858 he was a member of the State Legislature,
and the next year was elected county attorney, holding
the office for six years. In October, 1862, he was commis-
sioned as colonel of the 27th Maine Regiment, which posi-
tion he held until February, 1863, when he resigned and
returned home. He was in the Legislature for the two
following years, and in December, 1865, was appointed
judge of the Supreme Court of the State, and held the
office for seven successive years. Returning to practice, he
was (in 1874) again elected to the Legislature. Judge
Tapley is by universal confession a gentleman of marked
ability and talent, and single-handed and alone, unaided by
such accidents of life as wealth, social position, and family
connections, has lifted himself by successive stages from a
humble estate to a position of usefulness and honor. He
is thoroughly identified with the town and county of his
adoption, and has taken an active part in local and State
legislation while pursuing his profession. As a lawyer, he
is noted for the acuteness and discrimination of his mind,
for his untiring industry, for the readiness with which he
undertakes suits full of labor and difficulty, for thorough
preparation of his cases, and a persistent faithfulness to his
clients.

He is ready and fluent, with a good command of lan-
guage, self-possessed, logical, a keen reasoner, a pleasing
speaker, and always has the closest attention of court and
jury.

His opinions, as published in Reports, evince the same
painstaking labor as is ever noticed at the bar. He thor-
oughly investigates, closely digests the law and facts, and
clearly states his conclusions. Independence: of thought
and character cause him to give dissenting opinions when-
ever his researches lead to them. With unusual quickness
of perception, he readily analyzes the. case, and never hesi-
tates to present it to the jury as he sees it. Pleasant and
courteous in his manners, kind in his feelings, generous in
his acts, he has the respect of his community. He married,
in 1853, Louisa K., daughter of Capt. Robert McMannus,
of Brunswick, Me.- The children of this union are Rufus
P. Jy., Robert M., and Philip C. . :

His wife died December, 1871, and in January, 1873,
he married Lydia W., daughter of John Merriman, of
Brunswick, by whom he has two children,—Kdward K.
and Linda M.

JOHN M. GOODWIN.

John Monroe Goodwin was born in Baldwin, Me., on
the 3d of September, 1822, prepared for college at North
Yarmouth, under the instruction of Allen Weld, and grad-
uated at Bowdoin in the class of 1845. He studied law
with Judge Sewall Wells, at Portland, up to the time of
the appointment of the latter to the bench of the Supreme
Court (1847), and continued with Edward Fox, now judge
of the United States District Court, and was admitted to
the Cumberland bar in March, 1848. He first opened an
office at Mechanic Falls, Me., whence he removed in one
year to Portland, where he remained till 1850, when he
removed to Biddeford, and has continued to practice there
ever since. He was a member of the State Senate in 185U,
a representative in 1863-64, city solicitor of Biddeford, and
Democratic candidate for Congress in 1876.

 

Mr. Goodwin married, in July, 1850, Harriet P. Her-
rick, daughter of Benjamin J. Herrick, of Alfred, by whom
he has had five children. His oldest son, Francis J. Good-
win, is a graduate of Amherst College, and engaged in
insurance business in Biddeford. His son, George B.
Goodwin, is well known as the editor of the Bangor Com-
mercial.

ALEXANDER F. CHISHOLM.

Alexander Fraser Chisholm was born in Salem, Mass.,
Oct. 15, 1813; was a bookseller in Portland from 1832 to
1841; studied law at Hollis, with Samuel Bradley, 1841-
42; was a law partner with Mr. Bradley from October,
1842, to August, 1845; removed in August, 1851, to Saco,
where he practiced law till his death, Nov. 19, 1871. He
was postmaster in Hollis, town agent, and a member of the
school committee,—an office-in which he also served in Saco,
—and at the time of his death was president of the York
Institute.

THOMAS M. HAYES.

Thomas M. Hayes was born in Kennebunkport, Aug.
18, 1819, and died in Boston, Feb. 1,1869. He graduated
at Bowdoin College in 1840, studied law, and practiced
at Saco from 1843 till about 1864. He was State senator
in 1854, and Democratic candidate for Congress in 1860.
He removed to Boston, where he practiced his profession
from 1864 to 1869, the time of his death.

JOSEPH T. NYE.

Joseph T. Nye was born in Saco, May 19,1819. He
practiced law, and was collector of customs at Saco from
1849 to 1853, and judge of probate from 1854 to 1857.
He-died June 14, 1859.

SAMUEL V. LORING.
Samuel V. Loring, son of Rev. Levi Loring, born in

. Freeport, Me., Dec. 6, 1808, studied law with Samuel

Bradley ; practiced first at Springvale, then at Saco, and
removed to Boston in 1870. He was trial justice prior to
1867, and recorder of the Municipal Court. :
sides in Arizona.

He now re-

JOSEPH DANE.

Joseph Dane was born in Kennebunk, Feb. 21, 1823.
He is the son of Joseph Dane, a distinguished lawyer, who
settled in that town in 1800, and practiced law there till
his death. The subject of this notice graduated at Bow-
doin College in 1843 ; studied law with Judge Bourne, of
Kennebunk, and Judge Dewey, of Worcester, Mass., and
was admitted to the bar in 1846. He has practiced law
ever since in Kennebunk.

WILLIAM C. ALLEN.

William Cutter Allen commenced the practice of law in
Alfred, in May, 1822 In 1828 he was appointed register
of probate, and held the office, with the exception of one
year, till 1841. In 1839, 1844, and 1845 he was a repre-
sentative in the Legislature; a senator in 1846; judge of
probate from 1847 to 1854,-when he received an appoint-
ment in the Post-Office Department at Washington, which
he held till his death, Aug. 12, 1859. He married a daugh-
ter of Henry Holmes, Esq., of Alfred, and left two sons,
SAMUEL BRADLEY.

The emigrant ancestor of the Bradley family so | a lawyer of Saco, attorney for York County from 1856

prominently identified with New England, Daniel
Bradley, according to Savage, came in the “ Elizabeth,”
from London in 1635, at the age of twenty, and settled
in Haverhill, Mass., where he was killed by the In-
dians, Aug. 13, 1689. Daniel, his son, with his wife,
Hannah, and daughters, Mary and Hannah, were also
killed by the Indians, March 15, 1697.

is known to have been the ancestor of Samuel, was

Joseph, who

surprised in his garrison house at Haverhill, Feb. 8

1704, and his wife was a

?

 

to 1859, a member of the State Senate in 1863, and now
a resident of Boston ; and Robert, born in 1837, died in
1875.

Mr. Bradley graduated from Bowdoin College in 1820 ;
subsequently read law; was admitted to the bar, and from
1824 to 1845 practiced law in Hollis. In the latter year
he came to Saco, where he became a law partner with Hon.
Wn. P. Haines (Bradley & Haines), and subsequently,
in 1847, on the retirement of Mr. Haines, associated with

him his old classmate, Hon.

 

second time taken captive
and carried away by this
relentlessenemy. Abraham,
son of Joseph, was the first
of the name who settled in
Penacook. He was one of
the pioneers who moved up
from the lower towns on
the Merrimac to the rich
meadows higher up this
He died
in 1754, leaving ten chil-
dren by his wife, Abigail
Philbrick. His seventh son,
Samuel, was great-grand-
He,

too, was inhumanly mas-

beautiful river.

 

father of our subject.

sacred by the Indians in
1746, leaving by his wife,
Mary Folsom, of the Exeter
family, a son, John, born
Feb. 13, 1742, and a daugh-
ter, Mehitabel, born in 1745.
John married Hannah Ayer,
by whom he had nine chil-
dren, of whom Robert, born ;
June 17, 1772, married Abigail Bailey, by whom he
had four children,—Samuel, the late distinguished law-
yer of Saco, subject of this notice; Dr. Israel Bailey
Bradley, born June 22, 1805; the late Alexander
Ramsey Bradley, of Fryeburg, born Nov. 5, 1809;
and Mary Ann Bradley, born June 2,1814, Alexander
R. Bradley graduated at Harvard University in 1851,
and died in 1862. Samuel Bradley, born March 29,
1802, married Jane M., daughter of Col. Isaac Lane,
of Hollis. She died in Boston, Sept. 27, 1873, aged
sixty-eight. He died June, 1849. Their children are
Sarah J., wife of Hon. Edwin R. Wiggin, formerly

 

 

Philip Eastman (Bradley &
Eastman), with whom he
remained in practice until
Mr. Bradley

was a man of keen, quick

his decease.

perceptions, and a_ ready
speaker. When he came to
Saco he was in the front
rank of his profession, and
engaged in a large and lu-
crative practice, which was
augmented by his connec-
tion with Mr. Haines, then
regarded as the best coun-
In their

business in court the argu-

selor at the bar.

ment of causes before the

jury was principally assumed

 

by Mr. Bradley, who was
then regarded as one of
the ablest advocates in the
county. With him his client
was always in the right. It
was a peculiarity of his that
he always made his client’s
cause his own. He was an

Here the same positive and

ardent Whig in politics.

affirmative elements of character as appeared in his law
practice were quite as demonstratively shown. He was
In 1844 he was the Whig
In 1848 he was a

delegate to the convention which nominated Gen. Taylor

no demagogue In any sense.

candidate for Presidential elector.

for the Presidency. To this nomination he was irrecon-
ciled until the day before the election, when, feeling that
his influence must fall upon one side or the other, he
came out in a public speech in support of the nomina-
tion. Asa friend, no man was truer or more firm and

reliable.
 

SamugeL W. Luques was born in the town of
Lyman, York Co., Me., Aug. 3, 1816.

His grandfather, Anthony Luques, born in Retz,
France, educated as a physician in Paris, came to
the United States in 1785.
at Beverly, Mass., where in 1791 his son Andrew,
In 1802 the

He married, and settled

father of Samuel W., was born.
family removed to Lyman, where Samuel W. spent
his boyhood, and in 1824 went with the family
to Kennebunkport. Having received a good aca-
demical education in early life, he entered the law-
office of Hon. Edward E. Bourne, at Kennebunk,
and continued his legal studies at the Harvard
Law School. In 1841, upon examination, he was
admitted to the York County bar.

Not finding a location favorable for business he
did not settle anywhere permanently until 1846,
when he came to Biddeford, where he has since re-

sided and practiced his profession. In 1852 he

 

 

married Hannah M., second daughter of Elisha
Child, of Augusta, Me. are Ed-
ward C. and Herbert L., students at Dartmouth

His children

College; Frank A., a student at Phillips’ Academy,
Exeter, N. H.
the City Bank

In 1856, upon the organization of
of Biddeford, which was afterwards
changed to the First National Bank, he was chosen
one of the directors, which office he continues to
hold in 1879.

In 1876 he was appointed judge of the Munici-
pal Court of Biddeford, which office he retains in
1879.

In his early political life Judge Luques was
a Whig, but on the formation of the Republican
party, being entirely convinced of the purity, sound-
ness, and wisdom of its principles, he gladly iden-
tified himself with that organization. In religion
he is a Unitarian, believing in the liberal Chris-

tianity of that denomination.
BENCH AND BAR OF YORK COUNTY. 101

 

viz., Henry W., a graduate of Dartmouth College, and
a resident of New York City, and Weld N. Allen, a com-
mander in the United States Navy. Judge Allen was a man
of marked traits of character. Singularly neat in dress and
personal appearance, he was polite, precise, and systematic,
a faithful public officer, and a respected citizen.

JOHN SHEPLEY.

John Shepley was a law-partner with his brother, Ether
Shepley, in Saco, from 1826 to 1836. He also continued
to practice in Saco till his death, which occurred Feb. 9,
1857, aged sixty-nine years. Previous to settling in Saco,
he practiced law in Rutland and Fitchburg, Mass., and
was a member of the Massachusetts Court, a delegate to
the convention to revise the Constitution of Massachu-
setts in 1820, 2 senator in that State in 1821, and a rep-
resentative in 1825, prior to his removal to Saco. He was
reporter of the decisions of the Supreme Judicial Court of
Maine, from 1835 to 1841, and from 1842 to 1850.

GEORGE H. KNOWLTON.

George H. Knowlton was born in Portsmouth, N. H.,
April 11, 1835; practiced law at Biddeford; was city
clerk of Biddeford in 1860; register of probate from
1861 to 1869, in which year he became one of the editors
of the Portland Press; and from 1870 until his death was
United States assessor of internal revenue for the First
District of Maine.

AMOS G. GOODWIN.

Amos G. Goodwin, born in Eliot, Aug. 17, 1797, grad-
uated at Harvard College in 1821, studied law, and settled
at Saco, where he practiced till his death, Jan. 22, 1840.
He served on the school committee in 1836, and was town
agent from 1837 to 1840.

GEORGE THACHER, JR.

George Thacher, Jr., son of Judge Thacher, was born
at Biddeford, Sept. 7, 1790, and died at Westford, Mass.,
June 12, 1857. He graduated at Harvard in 1812;
studied law and practiced at Saco; was register uf probate
from 1820 to 1828 ; removed to Monroe, Waldo Co., of
which he was sheriff in 1838, and collector of customs
at Belfast from 1841 to 1844. He was law-partner, in
Saco, of Governor Fairfield.

SAMUEL P. S. THACHER.

Samuel P. S. Thacher, another son of Judge Thacher,
born April 23, 1785, was a lawyer at Arundel from 1812
to 1815. He died at Mobile, Ala., Nov. 5, 1842.

LAURISTON WARD.

Lauriston Ward practiced law at Saco, and was deputy
collector of customs till 1841. He removed to Washing-
ton, D. C., in 1845, having been appointed to a govern-
ment clerkship. He was born in Newton, Mass., June 12,
1786, and died Jan. 27, 1852.

GEORGE HUSSEY.

George Hussey, son of a Quaker farmer in Berwick,
read law with Jonathan Clark, of Sanford, in which town

 

he married Hannah Moulton, by whom he had one son
and a daughter. He died in Kennebunk, July 18, 1834.

ALONZO MARRETT.

Alonzo Marrett, now of East Cambridge, Mass., came
to Kennebunk in 1842, and practiced law for a short time.
He was a son of Rev. Samuel Marrett, of Standish, in
which town he was born in 1816. He graduated at Bow-
doin College in 1838, and was a member of the Massachu-
setts Legislature in 1862. His wife, Mrs. A. W. Marrett,
died July 25, 1876, aged sixty years.

JOHN HUBBARD.

John Hubbard was a lawyer at South Berwick, had a
large law business, and was an able man. He was a grad-
uate of Dartmouth, 1841; a representative in 1846. He
died in 1849, aged thirty-four years.

JOHN NOBLE GOODWIN.

John Noble Goodwin was admitted to practice about the
time of the death of John Hubbard, and took his business.
He was afterwards senator in 1855; member of Congress
from 1861 to 1863; chief justice of Arizona in 1863;
Governor of Arizona from 1863 to 1865; delegate in
Congress from Arizona, 1865 to 1867. He graduated at
Dartmouth in 1844.

JOSEPH W. LELAND.

Joseph W. Leland, son of Joseph Leland, of Saco, mer-
chant, was born in Saco, July 31, 1805, and died Sept. 7,
1858. He graduated at Bowdoin College in 1826, studied
law, and practiced in Saco till his death. He was county
attorney in 1837, 1839, and 1840, and from 1846 to 1849.

GEORGE FOLSOM.

George Folsom, the author of the “ History of Saco and
Biddeford,” was a few years a lawyer in Saco. He was
born in Kennebunk, May 23, 1802; graduated at Harvard
in 1822. He removed to Worcester, Mass., and then to
New York about 1838 ; was State senator in New York in
1845 to 1847; United States minister to the Netherlands,
1850 to 1853. Died at Rome (Italy), March 27, 1869.

DANIEL T. GRANGER.

Daniel T. Granger, born at Saco, July 18, 1807, grad-
uated at Bowdoin in 1826, studied law with John and
Ether Shepley, and practiced at Newfield from 1829 to
1833, at Eastport from 1833 till June, 1855. He was
appointed judge of the Supreme Court in March, 1854, but
declined.

JOHN T. PAINE.

John T. Paine, of Sanford, was born at Wakefield, N. H..,
Aug. 20, 1831. He was county attorney, 1842 to 1846 ;
representative from 1837 to 1842. He removed to Mel-
rose, Mass., and had a law-office in Boston ; was a member
of the Massachusetts Legislature in 1851. Now deceased.

FRANCIS BACON.
Francis Bacon, son of Dr. David Bacon, of Buxton, was
a lawyer, register of deeds, and register of probate. Died
in Kittery.
102 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

JOHN BURNHAM.

John Burnham was born in Scarborough, and was a
graduate of Harvard College in 1798; a student of Judge
Prentiss Mellen, then of Biddeford. He was admitted to
the York bar in 1801, and opened an office in Limerick the
same year, and practiced there until his death, in July, 1825.
He was a member of the Constitutional Convention of 1819,
and represented the town in the Legislatures of 1820 and
1821. ;
WILLIAM FREEMAN.

William Freeman was born in Portland, in 1783, a son of
Deacon Samuel Freeman, and brother of Rev. Charles Free-
man, of Limerick ; graduated at Harvard in 1804, and was
admitted to Cumberland bar in 1807. He practiced in
Portland five years, and removed to Limerick upon the out-
break of the war with Great Britain, and remained there
eight years, engaged in professional work, serving the town
in the General Court in 1818. In 1820 he returned to
Portland, and, after a brief period, thence to Cherryfield,
where he died in February, 1879. Like his brother Charles,
he was a constant and zealous advocate of temperance, and
did much literary work outside his profession.

JOHN MCDONALD.

John McDonald was born in Limerick, in December,
1800, and was educated at the local academy and at Bow-
doin College in the class of 1823. His tutors in law were
Gen. Fessenden, Hon. Rufus McIntire, and John Burnham.
He became a member of York bar and practitioner in Lim-
erick in 1826. Nine years later he moved to Bangor; was
judge of the Municipal Court in 1837-39, and died in
January, 1867, aged sixty-six years. He was a son of
Gen. McDonald, of Limerick.

MOSES MCDONALD.

Moses McDonald, a brother of the preceding, was born
in Limerick, April 8, 1815, and received an academic
and partially collegiate education. He was admitted to
York bar in 1837, and succeeded Judge Howard (with
whom he read law) upon the removal of the latter to Port-
land. He was representative in Legislature in 1841-42
and 1845, the last year being chosen Speaker ; State senator
in 1847; State treasurer from 1847-50; representative in
Congress from 1851-55; and collector of customs at Port-
land under President Buchanan. He died at Saco, Oct.
18, 1869, leaving a widow, the daughter of Rev. Elias
Libby, of Limerick.

ROBERT B. CAVERLY.

Robert B. Caverly was admitted to the York bar; re-
moved to Limerick in 1837, with a degree of LL.B. from
Harvard Law School. Here he practiced six years, and
went hence to Lowell, Mass., where he now resides. He
is a poet and author of favorable mention, and widely known
as a lawyer. One of his wives was a daughter of Daniel
Perry, Esq., of Limerick. His student and successor was

CALEB B. LORD.

Caleb B. Lord was a native of Parsonsfield, who received
an academic education in Parsonsfield and Limerick. He

 

pursued his legal studies with Hon. Rufus McIntire and
Caleb Burbank, Esq. (his uncle, then of Cherryfield, Me.,
afterwards upon the bench of California), and was admitted
to York bar in 1843. He practiced in Limerick until
January, 1859, when he went to Alfred (his present resi-
dence), serving as clerk of courts for nine years ending
Dec. 31, 1867. His contemporary was

LUTHER 8S. MOORE.

Luther 8. Moore was born in Newfield, and was educated
at Limerick Academy. He became a member of the York
bar in 1844, practiced a short time in Stetson, returned
to Limerick, succeeding Moses McDonald (with whom he
read law). He was in the Maine Senate in 1853, and its
president in 1854, and in the House of Representatives in
1858. He is a trustee of the State College of Agriculture,
farms many acres in the village, and still pursues his pro-
fession. His wife is a daughter of Hon. Simeon Barker,
deceased.

EDWIN B. SMITH.

Edwin B. Smith was born in Kennebunk, Oct. 3, 1832,
and graduated at Bowdoin College in 1856. He was ad-
mitted to the bar in September, 1858, after reading with
Judge EK. E. Bourne, of his native town. His first prac-
tice was in Limerick, from March, 1859, to September, 1862.
He moved to Saco, and was partner of Hon. Rufus P.
Tapley until the latter's elevation to the Supreme Bench in
December, 1865. From this time he continued in a large
practice until 1875, when he was commissioned as assistant
attorney-general of the United States, and was succeeded
by Burbank & Derby. He represented the city of Saco in
the Legislature for three years, being Speaker of the House
in 1871; was city solicitor three years, and reporter of de-
cisions (8. J. Ct.) from March, 1873, to October, 1875,
which appointment he resigned in consequence of his re-
moval to Washington, D. C., into a national field of labor.
His industry, his ability, and his cordial love of his chosen
work have won for him State and national reputation.

HIRAM H. BROWN.

Hiram H. Brown was a native of Cornish, and pursued
his academic studies in Limerick. Having read law with
L. 8. Moore, Esq., he was admitted to the bar in 1861, and
entered upon his professional work in the same year in
Limerick, where he lived about six years. He is now prac-
ticing in Lowell, Mass.

HORACE H. BURBANK.

Horace H. Burbank, a son of Abner Burbank, Esq.,
was born in Limerick, Oct. 27, 1837, and received his edu-
eation at Limerick and Yarmouth Academies, and at Bow-
doin College, of which he was a graduate in 1860. For the
ensuing five years he was either a teacher, law student, or
a soldier. Entering the volunteer army as a private, he left
in 1865 as a captain. He read law with L. S. Moore, Esq.,
and at Harvard Law School; was admitted to York bar in
1864, and began practice in his native town in 1865. Here
he remained ten years; meanwhile holding various town
offices, and representing the towns of Limerick and Lim-
ington in Legislature of 1866. He was register of pro-
 

Cou. JAMES M. Strong, third son in a family of
six children of Capt. James and Lydia (Perkins)
Stone, was born in Kennebunkport, Me., April 8,
1826. He received his preparatory education in
the Gorham, North Yarmouth, and North Bridgton
Academies, and at Andover, Mass., and graduated
at Brown University, Providence, R. I., in 1853.
He began teaching at the age of sixteen to obtain
means for his college course, having been thrown
upon his own resources at the age of twelve by the
death of his parents.

After leaving college he read law with the late
Judge Bourne, of Kennebunk, and was admitted to
the bar of York County in 1856.
partnership with E. E. Bourne, Jr., of Kennebunk
(Bourne & Stone).
until 1862, when he volunteered in the 27th Maine

He formed a law
This firm continued practice

Infantry as a private. He was elected captain of
Company I by his comrades, and upon the organiza-
tion of the regiment, Sept. 30, 1862, he was com-
missioned major. This regiment was stationed in
Virginia, engaged in skirmishing and picket duty.
On Feb. 11, 1863, he was commissioned lieutenant-
colonel, and was mustered out of service in the fol-

lowing July. After his return from the war he

 

practiced law alone for a time; subsequently formed
a law partnership with Addison E. Haley, which
continued about two years. He continues the prac-
tice of his profession in 1879, giving special atten-
tion to, and is largely engaged in, patent law practice
in Washington and New York City.

He was formerly a Whig and is now a Republi-
can. He was a member of the Maine Legislature
for 1854 and 1855, from Kennebunkport; also, in
1860, 1864, 1865, and 1870, from Kennebunk, and
was Speaker of the House in 1866. The same year
that he was Speaker of the House in the Maine Leg-
islature, a gentleman of the same name was Speaker
of the House in the Massachusetts Legislature.

He was a member of the Republican National
Convention of 1876, held at Cincinnati, that placed
in nomination Rutherford B. Hayes for President of
the United States, and has been a candidate for Gov-
ernor of the State and member of Congress in vari-
ous conventions. He is a member of the Congrega-
tional Church at Kennebunk.

Col. Stone married, May 4, 1859, Lucy W.,
daughter of James and Abigail (Durrell) Titcomb,
of Kennebunk. They have three children,—George

T., Abbie L., and James S.
NATHANIEL @. MARSHALL,

born in York May 2, 1812. He and his sister,
Eunice, born June 17, 1817, being the only chil-
dren of John Marshall and Eunice, danghter of
Joshua and Hannah (Simkins) Grant. His father
was a blacksmith by trade. Of him but little is
known, except that he was a descendant of the
Marshalls, of Bridgewater, Mass. His mother
was of Scotch descent, from James Grant, who was
taken prisoner by the forces of Oliver Cromwell
about 1645, and either escaped or was banished,
and came to America about this time; the sub-
ject of our sketch being of the seventh generation.
His father disappeared mysteriously early in 1817,
just before the birth of his sister Eunice, and was
never heard from. His mother died Dec. 9, 1819,
aged twenty-eight years, leaving him and his sis-
ter to the care and protection of their great-grand-
parents, David and Olive Grant. This great-grand-
father died May 3, 1823, after which the great-
grandmother assumed the care of our subject and
his sister until her death, March 15, 1827, after
which time, he being nearly fifteen years of age,
he was left to shift for himself. At the age of
eighteen he was qualified, under the tuition of
the Hon. Alexander McIntire and the Rey. Eber
C. Carpenter, pastor of the First Congregational
Church, both of whom took a great interest in his
behalf, to teach a summer school in his native
school district, and followed this occupation in
the winter season until 1832, during the summer
time acting as clerk in the store of a trader in
York. In 1832, when twenty years of ag>, his apti-
tude and ability for trade was such that he ob-
tained credit to set up business for himself, in
which he was moderately successful. In 1836 he
was elected constable and collector of taxes; in
1838 elected town clerk; in 1839 appointed
deputy sheriff, and the same year formed a co-
partnership in trade with Mr. Charles 0. Clark,
which continued until 1843, when he bought his
partner’s interest and continued in business until
1850, when the death of his sister and his ill
health caused him to sell out his business. In
1840 he was elected a member of the school com-
mittee of his town; in 1841 was again appointed
deputy sheriff; in 1849 was appointed collector
of the customs for the port of York; in 1856 was
elected treasurer and collector of his town, which
offices he held for several years, the duties of
which he performed so faithfully as to elicit from
the town a vote of thanks, as appears upon its
records; in 1854 he was appointed hy Gov. Crosby
sheriff of York County ; in 1856, the office having
become elective by a change in the constitution
of the State, he was elected sheriff by a large
majority ; in 1858, declining a nomination, he was
admitted as a member of the bar of York County,
and is now a member in good standing ; in 1860-61
he was elected a member of the State Senate; in
1862 he was appointed by President Lincoln as-
sessor of internal revenue for the First District
of Maine, which office he filled with signal abil-

 

 

 

RESIDENCE OF

 

 

 

HON. NATHANIEL G.

ity until Feb. 8, 1870, having tendered his resignae
tion in December preceding. He then retired from
official life to the bosom of his family. _

In September, 1870, he purchased what is known
as “Stage Neck,” at the mouth of York River,
and during the following winter and spring
erected the widely and favorably known summer
hotel, called the Marshall House, now conducted
by his eldest son, Edward S. Marshall, through
whose good management the house has become
the chosen resort of the best class of summer Visi-
tors from many States. The success of this large
enterprise, undertaken, as it was, in spite of many
predictions of failure, has proved his sagacity and
forecast. The pretty town hall, as remodeled under
his direction, and the address delivered by him
at its dedication, is an evidence of his desire
to improve the place of his nativity. Others of
the best dwellings in the town were built or
remodeled by him, and he has the credit of erect-
ing and repairing more and better buildings than
any other person in the memory of the oldest in-
habitant. In December, 1874, he was appointed
town clerk by the selectmen, to fill a vacancy
occasioned by the death of his life-long friend,
Charles O. Clark, and at the annual meeting, in
1875, was elected to the same office, which he
now (December, 1879) holds. The records of this
ancient town, dating as early as 1642, attracted
his attentive admiration. The first two volumes,
commencing in 1642 and ending about 1800, filled
with matter without any order as to dates, have
been copied by him in a plain, record hand, and
rearranged in the order of date, and only need
a completion of the index, on which he is now
engaged, to make these new volumes a treasure
indeed. The labor in rearranging these two
ponderous volumes and restoring order as to dates
has been very great, and shows what can be done
to bring order out of chaos. His ‘‘ Note Book,”
as he calls it, is a wonderful exhibition of vast
labor, embracing, as it does, the early families
found on the scattering aud tattered originals;
and he is now engaged in tracing the descendants
in every form and possible direction. As to matters
of antiquity and tradition he may be called a
living cyclopedia. He tells the author of this
sketch that he could not have done so much
but for the encouragement and aid of his wife,
who passed away on the 17th of April last, since
which time he has done but little in extending
his investigations. He was married, April 2, 1841,
to Sophia Baker, daughter of James and Maria
(Baker) Bragdon. She was born March 9, 1820,
and was the eighth generation from Arthur Brag-
don, who signed the submission to Massachusetts
Nov. 22,1652. Their children were born as follows :
Edward Simpson Marshall, born Feb. 1, 1842;
George Albert Marshall, born Oct. 4, 1843; Mary
Ann Marshall, born April 8,1846; Samuel Bradley
Marshall, born Jan. 23, 1847; Juliette Marshall,
born Dec. 4, 1851; Ida May Marshall, born
Sept. 13,1854; Francis Bacon Marshall, born Nov.
6, 1857; Sophia Marshall, born June 24, 1862.

MARSHALL, YORK, YORK GO., MAINE.
YORK COUNTY CIVIL LIST. 103

 

bate from January, 1869, to January, 1877, judge advocate

on Governor Connor's staff in 1876-78, with rank of col- |:

onel, and county attorney in 1878. In September, 1875,
he removed to Saco and entered into partnership with Judge
John 8. Derby. He was chosen city solicitor of Saco for
the years 1877 and 1878, and since 1873 has been one of
the bail commissioners of the county.

FRANK M. HIGGINS.

Frank M. Higgins read law with Messrs. Strout & Gage,
of Portland, and entered Cumberland bar in October, 1875,
whereupon he removed to Limerick and succeeded to the

office and business of H. H. Burbank, Esq.

JOHN S. BERRY.

John S. Berry studied law with Samuel M. Came and
Edwin B. Smith, and was admitted May 18, 1870. He
graduated at Bowdoin College in the class of 1868. He is
a native of Alfred,—born June 16, 1846; was judge of
Municipal Court of Saco from March, 1874, to March,
1878, and since Sept. 1, 1875, a law-partner with Horace
H. Burbank, of Saco.

We give below a list of resident members of the York
County Bar at the May term of 1870, with their places of
residence .at that time and the dates of their admission.
Those marked with an asterisk have since died, and others
have removed to Boston, Portland, and elsewhere, as indi-
cated in foot-notes:

Adams, John Q., Biddeford, 1868.
Allen, Amos L., Alfred, 1866.

Ayer, C. R., Cornish, 1838.

Bacon, Francis,* Hollis, 1841.

Bodwell, John B.,t 1862.

Blazo, Robert True,* Parsonsfield.
Burbank, Horace H., Saco, 1864.
Bourne, Edward E.,* Kennebunk, 1819.
Bourne, Edw. E., Kennebunk, 1851.
Butler, John E.,3 Biddeford, 1867.
Bradbury, Henry K., Hollis, 1847.
Burnham, Edward P., Saco, 1849.
Came, Samuel M., Alfred, 1863.
Chisholm, Alexander F.,* Saco, 1842.
Clifford, Charles E.,t Newfield, 1856.
Clifford, George F., Cornish, 1868.
Copeland, William J., Berwick, 1861.
Dane, Joseph, Kennebunk, 1846.

Drew, Ira T., Alfred, 1841.

Drew, Moses A., Alfred, 1869.
Eastman, Edward, Saco, 1860.

Emery, William, Alfred, 1847.

Emery, Moses, Saco, 1821.

Emery, George A., Saco, 1866.
Fairfield, H., Saco, 1860.

Frost, Howard, Sanford, 1860.
Goodwin, John M., Biddeford, 1848.
Goodwin, A. G., Biddeford, 1868.
Guptill, F. W., Saco, 1858.

Haines, William P.,* Biddeford, 1835.
Haley, A. E., Kennebunk, 1867.
Hamilton, 8. K.,2 Biddeford, 1862.
Hamilton, B. F., Biddeford, 1860.
Hobbs, Nathaniel, North Berwick, 1860.
Hobbs, H. H., South Berwick, 1834.
Hobbs, Charles C., South. Berwick, 1857.
Hobson, William,* Saco, 1867.

{ Removed to Kansas.

% Deceased. + Removed to Portland.

 

Hayes, E. H., North Berwick, 1859.
Hubbard, T. H.,* North Berwick, 1858.
Jones, Samuel W., Lebanon, 1866.
Jordan, Ichabod G.,* Berwick, 1830.
Kimball, Increase S., Sanford, 1832.
Knowlton, George H.,* Biddeford, 1862.
Low, Asa, Sanford, 1845,

Luques, Samuel W., Biddeford, 1842.
Lunt, W. F.,2 Biddeford, 1868.

Lord, Caleb B., Alfred, 1843.

Loring, Samuel V.,2 Saco, 1836,
Marshall, Joel M., Buxton.

Morris, Edward S., Biddeford, 1844.
McArthur, Arthur,* Limington, January, 1815.
MeArthur, William M., Limington, 1860.
McKenny, Simeon P., Biddeford, 1845.
McIntire, James 0O.,* Parsonsfield, 1845.
Moore, Luther S., Limerick, 1844.
Marshall, Nathaniel G., York, 1859.
Mason, Luther T., Biddeford, 1856.
Nealley, John Q., South Berwick, 1865.
Oakes, Abner, South Berwick, 1851.
Ridlon, Emery S.,* Parsonsfield, 1867.
Scammon, John Q., Saco, 1842.

Smith, Edwin B.,|| Saco, 1858.

Stone, James M., Kennebunk, 1856.
Stone, Edwin, Biddeford, 1869.

Safford, M. A., Kittery, 1861.

Tripp, Alonzo K., Wells, 1861.

Tapley, Rufus P., Saco, 1848.
Weymouth, G. N., Biddeford, 1865.
Weld, Charles E., Buxton, 1842.
Wedgwood, E. W., Biddeford, 1841.
Wiggin, E. R.,3 Saco, 1850.

Yeaton, George C., South Berwick, 1859.

Since 1870 the following have been added to the mem-
bership of the bar, and are now resident lawyers in the
county: John 8. Derby, Saco; Richard H. Nott, Saco ;
Edgar A. Hubbard, Biddeford ; Nathaniel B. Walker, Bid-
deford; Caleb P. Brackett, Buxton; Harry V. Moore,
Berwick; Frank Wilson, Sanford; Frank W. Roberts,
Biddeford; Harry J. Tatterson, Biddeford; Frank Wells,
Acton; Charles W. Ross, Biddeford; Jesse Gould, Bidde-
ford.

CHAPTER XXV.
YORK COUNTY CIVIL LIST.

Federal Government—State Government—Colonial Government-—
Judiciary—County Government.

UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT.
Tue following list of civil and judicial officers contains
only the names of those who have resided or now reside in

: York County.

UNITED STATES SENATORS.

_ John Holmes, Alfred, 1820-27.
¢John Holmes, Alfred, 1829-33.
Ether Shepley, Saco, 1833-36.
John Fairfield, Saco, 1843-45.

REPRESENTATIVES IN CONGRESS.
UNDER MASSACHUSETTS.

George Thacher, Biddeford, 1st to 7th Congress, 1789-1801.
Richard Cutts, Kittery, 7th to-13th Congress, 1801-13.

2 Removed to Boston. || Removed to Washington.
104 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

Cyrus King, Saco, 13th to 15th Congress, 1813-17,
_» John Holmes, Alfred, 15th to 17th Congress, 1817-21.

SINCE THE ADMISSION OF MAINE.

Joseph Dane, Kennebunk, 17th Congress, 1821-23.

Wm. Burleigh, South Berwick, 18th and 19th Congresses, 1823-27.
Rufus McIntire, Parsonsfield, 20th to 23d Congress, 1827-35.
John Fairfield,* Saco, 24th and 25th Congresses, 1835-39.

Nathan Clifford,t Newfield, 26th and 27th Congresses, 1839-43.
Joshua Herrick, Kennebunkport, 28th Congress, 1843-45.

John F. Scamman, Saco, 29th Congress, 1845-47,

Moses McDonald, Limerick, 32d and 33d Congresses, 1851-55.
Daniel E. Somes, Biddeford, 36th Congress, 1859-61.

John N. Goodwin, South Berwick, 37th Congress, 1861-63.

John H. Burleigh, South Berwick, 43d and 44th Congresses, 1873-77.

PRESIDENTIAL ELECTORS.

David Sewall, York, 1788.

Nathaniel Wells, Wells, 1792, 1796.
Andrew P. Fernald, Eliot, 1800.

John Woodman, Buxton, 1804.
Andrew P. Fernald, Eliot, 1808.
Nathaniel Goodwin, Berwick, 1812.
John Low, Lyman, 1816.

William Moody, Saco, 1820.

Nathaniel Hobbs, North Berwick, 1824,
Simon Nowell,? Kennebunkport, 1828.
Joseph Prime, South Berwick, 1828.
Isaac Lane, Hollis, 1832.

Sheldon Hobbs, North Berwick, 1836.
Charles Trafton, South Berwick, 1840.
Ichabod Jordan, Saco, 1844.

Rufus McIntire, Parsonsfield, 1848, 1852.
James Morton, Buxton, 1856.

Louis 0. Cowan, Biddeford, 1860.
Richard M. Chapman, Biddeford, 1864.
Esreff H. Banks, Biddeford, 1868.
James H. MeMillan, Biddeford, 1872.
Sylvester Littlefield, Alfred, 1876.

COLLECTORS OF UNITED STATES CUSTOMS.

SACO DISTRICT.

Collectore.—Jevemiah Hill, 1789-1809; Daniel Granger, 1809-29;
John F. Scamman, 1829-41; Tristram Storer, 1841-45; Ichabod
Jordan, 1845-49 ; Joseph T. Nye, 1849-53; Nathaniel M. Towle,
1853-55; Alpheus A. Hanscom, 1855-60; Thomas K. Lane,
1860-61; Owen B. Chadbourne, 1861-66; John Hanscom, 1866—
67; William Hobson, 1867-69; Owen B. Chadbourne, 1869-72;
Thomas H. Cole, 1872-75 ; Moses Lowell, 1875-78; Ivory Lord,
1878.

Deputy Collectors.—Peter Hill, Joseph Granger, Nathaniel Goodwin,
Isaac Emery, Lauriston Ward; D. Cutts Nye, 1849-53; Bowen
C. Greene, 1853; Oliver D. Boyd; Chas. Fred. Towle, 1858;
Samuel F. Chase, 1861; Edwin B. Smith, 1864; Edward East-
man, 1866; Edwin B. Smith, 1867; Jason W. Beatty, 1869;
Moses Lowell, 1872; Fred. W. Guptill, 1875.

 

* Elected Governor of Maine in 1839, and also in 1841.

t Attorney-General of the United States, 1846; Justice of the United
States Supreme Court, 1858, and now in office; residence, Portland.

{ The First (or York) Congressional District was composed of the
county of York till 1843; from 1843 to 1853 it also included several
towns in Western Oxford; from 1853 to 1863 the city of Portland
and several towns in Cumberland County were embraced in the First
District; and from 1863 to the present time all the towns in Cumber-
land County were included in the First District. In the Thirtieth
Congress (1847-49) David Hammons, of Lovell, was Representative;
in the Thirty-first, Elbridge Gerry, of Waterford; in the Thirty-fourth
and Thirty-fifth, John M. Wood, of Portland; in the Thirty-eighth,
Lorenzo D. M. Sweat, of Portland; in the Thirty-ninth, Fortieth,
Forty-first, and Forty-second, John Lynch, of Portland; and in the
Forty-fifth and Forty-sixth, Thomas B. Reed, of Portland,

2 Elector at large.

 

KENNEBUNK.

Collectors.—Jonas Clark, 1799-1809; Joseph Storer, 1809-25; Geo.
Wheelwright, 1825-29; Barnabas Palmer, 1829-41; Daniel Re-
mich, 1841-45; James Osborn, 1845-47; Abel M. Bryant, 1847-
49; Daniel Remich, 1849-53; John Cousens, 1853-61; Nathan-
iel K. Sargent, 1861-75; Jefferson W. Sargent, 1875.

Deputies.—Henry Clark, Seth Burnham ; George Wheelwright, 1809-
25; Daniel Wheelwright, 1825-29; John Herrick, 1829-41;
William M. Bryant, 1841; Oliver Walker, 1842-47; Joshua
Herrick, 1847-49; Oliver Walker, 1849-51; Edward P. Burn-
ham, 1851-53; Enoch Cousens, 1853-61; Seth E. Bryant, 1861-
64; W. F, Moody, 1864; Seth E. Bryant, 1865.

YORK DISTRICT.

Collectors.—Richard Trevett, 1789; Joseph Tucker, 1801; Samuel
Derby, 1805; Jeremiah Clark, 1809; Alexander McIntire, 1811;
Jeremiah Bradbury, 1815; Thomas Savage, 1820; Mark Dennett,
1829; Joseph P. Junkins, 1846 ; Jeremiah Brooks, 1841; Joseph
P. Junkins, 1845; Nathaniel G. Marshall, 1849; Luther Jun-
kins, 1853; George Bourden, 1860; Jeremiah S. Putnam, 1861;
Edward A. Bragdon, 1869.

STATE OFFICERS.

Hon. John Fairfield, Saco, Governor, elected in 1839; re-elected in
1841.

PRESIDENTS OF THE STATE SENATE.

Caleb R. Ayer, Cornish, 1849.
Luther 8. Moore, Limerick, 1854.
Seth Scamman, Saco, 1858.

«John H. Goodenow, Alfred, 1861-62.
John E. Butler, Biddeford, 1874.

SECRETARIES OF THE SENATE.

Nathaniel Low, Lyman, 1826.
William Trafton, Alfred, 1834.
Louis 0. Cowan, Biddeford, 1853.
William Trafton, Alfred, 1854.
Louis 0. Cowan, Biddeford, 1855.

SPEAKERS OF THE HOUSE.

Benjamin Greene, South Berwick, 1824.
~«* Daniel Goodenow, Alfred, 1830.

Nathan Clifford, Newfield, 1833.

Moses McDonald, Limerick, 1845.

James M. Stone, Kennebunk, 1866

Edwin B. Smith, Saco, 1871.

SECRETARIES OF STATE.

Caleb R. Ayer, Cornish, 1856.
Edward H. Gove, Biddeford, 1879.

ATTORNEYS-GENERAL.

Nathan Clifford, Newfield, 1834.

= Daniel Goodenow, Alfred, 1838.

~ Daniel Goodenow, Alfred, 1841.
Nathan D. Appleton, Alfred, 1857.

MEMBERS OF THE EXECUTIVE COUNCIL.

1820--24.—Isaac Lane, Hollis.
1824-29.—Daniel Wood, Lebanon.
1829.—Caleb Emery, Shapleigh.
1830.—Elisha Allen, Sanford.
1831.—Isaac Lane, Hollis.
1832-35.—Nathaniel Clark, Limington.
1835-36.—Jabez Bradbury, Hollis.
1837.—Henry Hobbs, Waterborough.
1838.—Daniel W. Lord, Kennebunkport.
1839.—Henry Hobbs, Waterborough.
1840.—Gowen Wilson, Kittery.
1841.—Increase 8S. Kimball, Lebanon.
1842.—Gowen Wilson, Kittery.
YORK COUNTY CIVIL LIST. 105

 

1843-44.—Barnabas Palmer, Kennebunk.
1846-47.—Samuel Mildram, Wells.

1849, 51-53.—Simeon Strout.
1854.—Gideon Tucker, Saco.
1857.—Ichabod Frost, Sanford.
1859.—Almon Lord, Parsonsfield.
1861-62.—George A. Frost, Sanford.
1865-67.—Marshall Peirce, Saco.
1870-71.—Uranus 0. Brackett, Berwick.
1874-77.— Jeremiah M. Mason, Limerick.
1879.—Edward C, Moody, York.

Rufus McIntire, land-agent, Parsonsfield, 1839.

SUPREME JUDICIAL COURT.

CHIEF JUSTICE.
Ether Shepley, Saco, Oct. 23, 1848, to Oct. 22, 1855.

ASSOCIATE JUSTICES.

_~ Ether Shepley, Sept. 23, 1836; Daniel Goodenow, Alfred, Oct. 10,

1855, to Oct. 10, 1862; Rufus P. Tapley, Saco, Dec. 21, 1865, to
Dee, 21, 1872.

REPORTERS OF DECISIONS.

John Fairfield, Saco, vols. 10 to 12, June 27, 1832.
John Shepley, Saco, vols. 13 to 18, Feb. 12, 1836.
John Shepley, Saco, vols. 21 to 30, Jan. 22, 1842.
Edwin B. Smith, Saco, vols. 61 to 64, March 25, 1873.

Luther S. Morris, Limerick, Trustee of State College of Agriculture
and the Mechanic Arts, Orono. Established by act of Congress,
July 2, 1862. Accepted by the State Legislature, March 25,
1863.

Nathan Dane, Jr., Kennebunk, member of the State Board of Agri-
culture.

COUNCILORS UNDER MASSACHUSETTS.

Francis Champernoon, Kittery, 1686.

Job Alcock, York, 1692.
Samuel Hayman, Berwick, Charter | 1692, 1703-5.
Samuel Donnell, York, 1692, 1700.
Samuel Wheelwright, Wells, 1694-99.

Joseph Hammond, Eliot, 1698-1705.

Ichabod Plaisted, Berwick, 1706-16, 1759-61.
John Wheelwright, Wells, 1708-36, 1745, 1752-54.
Joseph Hammond, Eliot, 1718-29.

Charles Frost, Eliot, 1721-24.

William Pepperell, Jr.,* Kittery, 1727-59.
Timothy Gerrish, Kittery, 1733-34.

Samuel Came, York, 1733-41.

Jeremiah Moulton, York, 1735-51.

Richard Cutts, Kittery, 1755-62.

John Bradbury, York, 1763-72.

Nathaniel Sparhawk, Kittery, 1760-72.

James Gowen, Kittery, 1773-80.

Benjamin Chadbourne, Berwick, 1775-76, 1780-85.
Charles Chauncey, Kittery, 1775-77, 1780.

David Sewall, York, 1776-78, 1780.

Edward Cutts, Kittery, 1779-80.

Joseph Simpson, York, 1780-81,

Nathaniel Wells, Wells, 1782-92.

SENATORS UNDER MASSACHUSETTS.

Edward Cutts, Kittery, 1780-82.
Tristram Jordan, Saco, 1787.
Richard F. Cutts, Kittery, 1800-2.
Joseph Bartlett, Saco, 1804.
Joseph Leland, Saco, 1805, 1808.
Thomas Cutts, Saco, 1810.
John Holmes, Alfred, 1813.
William Moody, Saco, 1812-19.

 

%* Knighted, 1745; died July 6, 1759.
14

 

REPRESENTATIVES UNDER THE COLONY CHARTER.

Kittery.—John Wincoln, 1653, six years; Thomas Withers, 1656, one
year; Humphrey Chadbourne, 1657, three years; Charles Frost,
1658, five years; Roger Plaisted, 1663, three years; James Em-
ery, 1676, one year.

York.—Edward Rishworth, 1653, thirteen years; Peter Weare, 1665,
two years; Samuel Wheelwright, 1677, one year, and for Wells
and York one year.

Wells.—Edward Rishworth, 1653, one year with York; Hugh Gun-
nison, 1654, one year with York; Francis Littlefield, 1665, one
year; William Simonds, 1676, one year.

Saco.—Robert Booth, 1673, one year; Richard Hitchcock, 1660, one
year; Richard Collicot, 1672, one year.

SPECIAL JUSTICES OF THE SUPERIOR COURT.

John Greenleaf, in all causes relating to land-titles in York, April 6,
1748.

Joseph Sawyer and Nathaniel Sparhawk, at York, in causes where a
quorum of the standing justices is not present, June 19, 1749.

COMMISSIONERS OF OYER AND TERMINER.

Francis Hooke, Charles Frost, Samuel Wheelwright, Thomas Newton,
justices to inquire of, hear, and determine all murders, etc., per-
petrated within the county of York, appointed Oct. 22, 1692.

Joseph Hammond, Ichabod Plaisted, William Pepperell, John Wheel-
wright, Capt. John Hill, and Capt. Lewis Bane, or any four of
them, appointed for the trial of Joseph Gunnison for killing
Grace Wentworth, Nov. 8, 1707.

INFERIOR COURT OF COMMON PLEAS.

Dec. 7, 1692, Job Alcock, Francis Hooke, Charles Frost, and Samuel
Wheelwright were appointed judges.

March 6, 1694-95, William Pepperell was appointed in place of Francis
Hooke, who died Jan. 10, 1694-95.

Oct. 10, 1699, Samuel Wheelwright, Charles Frost, William Pepperell,
and Samuel Donnell were appointed judges. Donnell took the
place of Job Alcock.

Sept. 7, 1699, Abraham Preble was appointed to take the place of
Charles Frost, killed by the Indians, July 4, 1697.

June 7, 1700, Joseph Hammond was appointed to succeed Samuel
Wheelwright, who died May 13, 1700.

June 30, 1702, Joseph Hammond, John Wheelwright, Ichabod Plai-
sted, and Abraham Preble were appointed judges.

June 15, 1798, Pepperell was appointed in place of Abraham
Preble, “disabled in his hearing,” and who died Oct. 4, 1714, aged
seventy-two.

June 8, 1710, Capt. John Hill’ was appointed to take the place of
Joseph Hammond, who died Feb. 24, 1709-10.

Dee. 13, 1715, John Wheelwright, William Pepperell, Charles Frost,
and Abraham Preblet were appointed judges. Abraham Preble
and Charles Frost were appointed in the place of Ichabod Plai-
sted, who died Nov. 16, 1715, and Judge Hill.

Dee. 19, 1720, Joseph Hammond was appointed in room of William
Pepperell, resigned.

June 23, 1724, Samuel Moody was appointed to succeed Abraham
Preble, Jr., who died March 14, 1723-24, aged forty-nine.

Feb. 18, 1724-25, William Pepperell, Jr., was appointed in the room of
Charles Frost, who died Dec. 17, 1724, aged forty-six.

April 11, 1729, John Wheelwright, Joseph Hammond, William Pep-
perell, Jr., and Samuel Came were appointed judges. Judge
Came succeeded Judge Moody, who lived till 1758.

July 9, 1731, William Pepperell, Jr., Timothy Gerrish, Samuel Came,
and Joseph Moody were appointed judges. Gerrish and Moody
succeeded Wheelwright and Hammond. The former died in
1745, the latter in 1751.

Dee. 15, 1732, Jeremiah Moulton was appointed in the place of Joseph
Moody, resigned. /

Oct. 5, 1739, Elisha Gunnison was appointed to succeed Timothy Ger-
rish, resigned.

 

 

+ Under this charter there were no representatives from Maine in
1666-68, and none after 1679. :
+ Nephew of the former Judge Preble.
106 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

Aug. 12, 1749, Simon Frost was appointed in the place of Samuel
Came, resigned.

Jan. 2, 1753, John Hill was appointed to succeed Judge Gunnison.

May 23, 1760, Jeremiah Moulton, Simon Frost, John Hill, and Na-
thaniel Sparhawk were appointed judges. Judge Sparhawk
filled the vacancy caused by the death of Judge Pepperell, July
6, 1759. The same four judges were confirmed Nov. 20, 1761.

Sept. 11, 1765, Joseph Sayer was appointed to succecd Judge Moul-
ton, who died July 20, 1765.

March 12, 1766, Daniel Moulton was appointed in place of Simon
Frost, who died 1766.

March 18, 1772, Nathaniel Sparhawk, Joseph Sayer, Daniel Moulton,
and James Gowen were appointed judges. Gowen succeeded
John Hill, who died March 2, 1772.

April 7, 1774, Jonathan Sayward was appointed to take the place of
Daniel Moulton.

SPECIAL JUSTICES OF THE COURT OF COMMON PLEAS.

Samuel Moody and Joseph Hill, March 9, 1721-22.

John Penhallow and Samuel Came, Sept. 30, 1725.

Joseph Hill and Samuel Came, April 2 and June 18, 1726.

John Gray and Samuel Came. :

Joseph Hill and Samuel Came, Feb. 23, 1726-27, June 17 and
Dee. 22, 1727.

Samuel Came and Nathaniel Gerrish, Dec. 26, 1727, and June 13,
1728.

Joseph Hill and Timothy Gerrish, April 11, 1729, and Dee. 24,
1730.

John Gray and Joshua Moody, March 21, 1731-32.

John Hill and Elisha Gunnison, Oct. 26, 1733.

John Hill, Elisha Gunnison, and Joseph Hill, Feb. 14, 1733-34.

Joshua Moody, Thomas Smith, Joseph Sawyer, Dec. 27, 1734.

Peter Nowell, Jan. 12, 1738-39.

John Hill, Joseph Sawyer, John Storer, April 8, 1743.

Jobn Hill and Joshua Moody, March 21, 1744-45.

John Hill and Richard Cutts, Jr., June 27, 1747.

John Storer, April 18, 1749, and June 21, 1751.

Joseph Sayer and Charles Frost, June 26, 1755.

Joseph Sayer, Richard Cutts, John Storer, and Daniel Moulton,
Nov. 20, 1761.

Jonathan Sayward, March 18, 1772.

PROVINCIAL CONGRESS.

From Oct. 7, 1774, to July 19, 1775.

Members from York County: York, Daniel Bragdon; Kittery, Ed-
ward Cutts, Charles Chauncey; Berwick, Ichabod Goodwin,
William Gerrish ; Wells, Ebenezer Sayer ; Arundel, John Hovey ;
Biddeford, James Sullivan. °

COUNTY OFFICERS.

CLERKS OF COURTS.

Roger Garde, 1640-45; William Waldron, 1645-49; Basil Parker,
1649-52; Edward Rishworth, 1652-68 ; Peter Weare, 1668-69 ;
Edward Rishworth, 1669-87; Joseph Hammond, 1687-1725;
Charles Frost, 1725-31; John Frost, 1731-68 ; Timothy Frost,
1768-83; J. H. Bartlett, 1783-93; Daniel Sewall,t 1793-94;
Daniel Sewall, 1794-1812; Jeremiah Bradbury, 1812-38; Hiram
H. Hobbs, 1838-39; Jeremiah Bradbury, 1839-41; Hiram H.
Hobbs, 1841-42 ; William Trafton, 1842-49 ; James 0. McIntire,
1849-59 ; Caleb B. Lord, 1859-68 ; Hampden Fairfield, 1868-71 ;
Amos L, Allen, 1871-80.

COUNTY TREASURERS SINCE 1812.

Henry Smith, 1812-31; Samuel Burbank, 1831-39; Edmund Cur-
rier, 1839-42; Simeon Strout, 1842-45 ; Isaac Merrill, 1845-49 ;
Alpheus A. Hanscom, 1849-52; Gilman L. Bennett, 1852-54;
Isaac P. Yeaton, 1854-55; Benjamin F. Parks, 1855-56; John
Brackett, 1856-59; Samuel K. Roberts, 1859-63; Moses Good-

 

* Peter Weare (Wyer), appointed by Massachusetts in place of Ed-
ward Rishworth, who sided with the “ King’s Commissioners.” (1
Williamson, p. 434.) Rishworth was restored and re-appointed.

+ Assistant clerk in 1793.

 

win, 1863-64; Albion K. Gile, 1864-66; Sylvester Littlefield,
1866-68 ; Benjamin Leavitt, 1868-69 ; John Hall, 1869-73; Zo-
phar R. Folsom, 1873-75; Esreff H. Banks, 1875-77 ; Richard
H. Goding, 1877-79; Albion K. P. Meserve, 1879-80.

SHERIFFS.

Henry Norton, York, 1653; Nathaniel Masterson, Kittery, 1668; Jos.
Hammond (declined), Kittery, 1692; Jonathan Hammond, Kit-
tery, 1692; Joseph Curtis, Kittery, 1702; Charles Frost, Kittery,
1706; Abraham Preble, Jr., York, 1713; John Leighton, Kittery,
1715; Jeremiah Moulton, York, 1724; Jeremiah Moulton, Jr.,
York, 1752; Jotham Moulton, York, 1771; Johnson Moulton,
York, 1784; Ichabod Goodwin, Berwick, 1793; Isaac Lane, Hol-
lis, 1811; Ichabod Goodwin, Berwick, 1812; William Moody,
Saco, 1820; Josiah W. Leaver, South Berwick, 1824; John
Spring, Saco, 1830; Benjamin J. Herrick, Alfred, 1831; Israel
Chadbourne, Alfred, 1837; John A. Morrill, Limerick, 1838 ;
Israel Chadbourne, Alfred, 1839; John A. Morrill, Limerick,
1841; Israel Chadbourne, Alfred, 1842; Nathaniel G. Marshall,
York, 1854; Samuel B. Emery, Sanford, 1856; Nathaniel G.
Marshall, York, 1857; James M. Burbank, Saco, 1859; George
Goodwin, Wells, 1861; James M. Burbank, Saco, 1863; Richard
G. Goding, Acton, 1865; Edmund Warren, Kennebunk, 1871;
Thomas Tarbox, Buxton, 1875; Robert M. Stevens, Biddeford,
1879.

COUNTY ATTORNEYS.

Dudley Hubbard, 1807-9; William Pitt Preble, 1811-14; Dudley
Hubbard, 1814-16; Isaac Lyman, 1816-20; Rufus MelIntire,
1820-27; Joseph Howard, 1827-37; Joseph W. Leland, 1837;
Edward E. Bourne, 1838; Joseph W. Leland, 1838-41; Edward
E. Bourne, 1841; John T. Paine, 1841-46; Joseph W. Leland,
1846-49; Ira T. Drew, 1849-56; Edwin R. Wiggin, 1856-59;
Rufus P. Tapley, 1859-65; Increase 8. Kimball, 1865-68; Caleb
R. Ayer, 1868-71; George C. Yeaton, 1871-74; Wilbur F. Lunt,
1874-78; Horace H. Burbank, 1878; William Emery, 1879-82.

JUDGES OF PROBATE.

Joshua Scottow, 1687-95; Samuel Wheelwright,t 1695-1700; Joseph
Hammond,? 1700-9; Ichabod Plaisted,|| 1709-15; John Wheel-
wright,§ 1715-45; Jeremiah Moulton, 1745-65; John Hill, 1765-
72; Jonathan Sayward, 1772-75; John Bradbury, 1775-78;
Joseph Simpson, 1778-95; Edward Cutts, 1795-1807; Stephen
Thacher, 1807-18; Jonas Clark, 1818-28; William A. Hayes,
1828-47; William C. Allen, 1847-54; Joseph T. Nye, 1854-56
Edward E. Bourne, 1856-73; Nathaniel Hobbs, 1873-80.

REGISTERS OF PROBATE.

Thomas Scottow, 1687-94; Joseph Hammond, 1694-1700; Charles
Frost, 1700-33; Robert Eliot Gerrish, 1733-44; Simon Frost,
1744-65; David Sewall, 1765-82; John Sewall, Jr., 1782; Daniel
Sewall, 1782-1820; George Thacher, Jr., 1820-27; William C.
Allen, 1827-40; John Skeele, 1841-42; William Hammond, 1842
-49; Joshua Herrick, 1849-56 ; Francis Bacon, 1856-61; George
H. Knowlton, 1861-69 ; Horace H. Burbank, 1869-77 ; Moses A.
Safford, 1877-80.

REGISTERS OF DEEDS.

Roger Garde, 1642-47; Edward Rishworth, 1647-86; Joseph Ham-
mond, 1686-1721; Abraham Preble, 1721-24; Joseph Moody,
1724-34 ; Jeremiah Moulton, 1734-41; Daniel Moulton, 1741-86 ;
William Frost, 1786-1816 ; Jeremiah Goodwin, 1816-36; Benja-
min J. Herrick, 1836-47; Francis Bacon, 1847-52; Timothy
Shaw, Jr., 1852-58; Samuel C. Adams, 1858-63; Samuel Tripp,
1863-73 ; Asa L. Ricker, 1873-80.

COUNTY COMMISSIONERS.
1831.—James Ayer,** David Boyd.
1832.—Charles Bradbury, David Boyd, James Ayer.
1833.—Charles Bradbury, James Ayer, David Boyd.
1834,—Charles Bradbury, David Boyd, Simon Fogg.

 

{ Died in office, May 13, 1700. 2 Died in office, Feb. 20, 1709.
|| Died in office, Nov. 16, 1715. q Died in office, August, 1745.
** The first mentioned in each year is the chairman of the board,
LEGISLATURES OF MAINE.

107

 

1835.—Stephen Woodman, Enoch Wood, Simeon Strout.
1836.—Stephen Woodman, Simeon Strout, Enoch Wood.
1837.— Simeon Strout, Jr., Enoch Wood, William Hammond.
1838.—Moses Hubbard, Thomas Wentworth, Jonathan Piper.
1839.—Simeon Strout, William Hammond, Enoch Wood.
1840.—Simeon Strout, Enoch Wood, William Hammond.
1841.—John Powers, Thomas Carll, Benjamin C. Libby.
1842.—Joshua Herrick, Daniel Pierce, John Bailey.
1843.—Joshua Herrick, John Bailey, Daniel Pierce.
1844.—John Bailey, Daniel Pierce, Moses Sweat.
1845-46.—John Bailey, Moses Sweat, Timothy Shaw, Jr.
1847.—Moses Sweat, Timothy Shaw, Jr., Abner Burbank.
1848.—Timothy Shaw, Jr., Moses Sweat, Abner Burbank.
1849.—Moses Sweat, Timothy Shaw, Jr., Abner Burbank.
1850.—Abner Burbank, Timothy Shaw, Jr., James Goodwin.
1851.—Timothy Shaw, Jr., James Goodwin, George Carll.
1852.—Timothy Shaw, Jr., George Carll, James Goodwin.
1853.—James Goodwin, George Carll, Elisha Bodwell.
1854.—James Goodwin, Elisha Bodwell, George Carll.
1855.—George Carll, James Goodwin, Elisha Bodwell.
1856.—George Carll, Cotton Bean, Samuel Mildram.
1857.—Cotton Bean, Samuel Mildram, James M. Deering.
1858.—Samuel Mildram, Cotton Bean, James M. Deering.
1859.—James M. Deering, Cotton Bean, Asa Gowen.
1860.—Cotton Bean, Asa Gowen, James M. Deering.
1861.—Asa Gowen, James M. Deering, John Hemmingway.
1862.— James M. Deering, Asa Gowen, Alfred Hull.
1863.—Isaac W. Eaton, Samuel Hasty, Asa Gowen.
1864.—Asa Gowen, Isaac W. Eaton, Alfred Hull.
1865.—Isaac W. Eaton, Alfred Hull, Clement L. Mildram.
1866-67.—Alfred Hull, Clement L. Mildram, Thomas Quimby.
1868,—Alfred Hull, Thomas Quimby, Horace Parker.
1869.—Thomas Quimby, Alfred Hull, Horace Parker.
1870.—Alfred Hull, Horace Parker, Cornelius Sweetser.
1871.—Alfred Hull, Cornelius Sweetser, Albert G. Hussey.
1872.—Alfred Hull, Albert G. Hussey, Dimon Roberts.
1873.—Albert G. Hussey, Dimon Roberts, James F. Brackett.
1874—75.—James F. Brackett, Dimon Roberts, Joseph Bragdon, Jr.
1876-77.—Joseph Bragdon, Jr., Dimon Roberts, James F. Brackett.
1878.—James F. Brackett, Joseph Bragdon, Wm. H. Deering.
1879.—Joseph Bragdon, James F. Brackett, Wm. H. Deering.

CHAPTER XXVI.
LEGISLATURES OF MAINE.

York County in the Senate and House of Representatives, from 1820
to 1880.

SENATE, 1820-21.

John McDonald, Limerick.
Josiah W. Seaver, South Berwick.

William Moody, Saco.
Alexander Rice, Kittery.

HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.

Alfred, Andrew Conant.

Arundel, Simon Nowell.

Biddeford, Samuel Merrill.

Berwick, Nahum Heard.

Buxton, Nathan Elder.

Cornish, Benjamin Dunn, 1821;
Thomas A. Johnson.

Eliot, John Hammond.

Hollis, John Dennett.

Kittery, Mark Dennett.

Limington, Nathaniel Clark.
Newfield, James Ayer.
Parsonsfield, David Marston,
1821; Rufus McIntyre.
Saco, John F. Scamman.
Shapleigh, John Bodwell.
Sanford, Elisha Allen.
South Berwick, Joshua Chase.
Waterborough, Henry Hobbs.
Wells, Joseph Moody, Nahum

Lebanon, David Le Grow. Merrill.
Lyman, John Low. York, Elihu Bragdon, Alexander
Limerick, John Burnham. Mclutire.

SENATE, 1822.

John McDonald, Limerick. Josiah W. Seaver, South Berwick:

Mark Dennett, Kittery.

 

HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.

Alfred, Andrew Conant.
Buxton, Nathan Elder.
Berwick, William Hobbs.
Biddeford, Isaac Emery.

Eliot, John Hammond.

Hollis, Abijah Usher,

Kittery, Joshua T. Chase.
Kennebunk, Joseph Moody.
Kennebunkport, Simon Nowell.

SENATE,

John McDonald, Limerick.
Mark Dennett, Kittery.

Limington, Nathaniel Clark.
Lyman, Thomas Sands.
Limerick, Edmund Hayes.
Parsonsfield, Samuel Fox.
South Berwick, Wm. A. Hayes.
Saco, George Scamman.
Sanford, John Frost (2d).
Shapleigh, Enoch Wood.
Wells, Nahum Morrill.

1823.
Ellis B. Usher, Hollis.

HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.

Alfred, John Sayward.

Buxton, Nathan Elder.

Berwick, Joseph Prime.

Biddeford, Isaac Emery.

Cornish, Benjamin Thompson.

Eliot, John Hammond.

Hollis, Stephen Hopkinson.

Kittery, Joshua T. Chase.

Kennebunk, George W. Walling-
ford.

Kennebunkport, Simon Nowell.
Limington, Nathaniel Clark.
Lyman, Thomas Sands.
Newfield, Simeon Moulton.
Parsonsfield, Samuel Fox.

. Saco, George Scamman.
Shapleigh, John Bodwell.
Waterborough, Phinehas Picker.
York, Alexander McIntire.

SENATE, 1824.

John McDonald, Limerick.
Mark Dennett, Kittery.

Ellis B. Usher, Hollis.

HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.

Alfred, John Sayward.
Buxton, Nathaniel Elden.
Berwick, William Hobbs.
Biddeford, Seth Spring.
Cornish, Jonah Dunn.

Hollis, Stephen Hopkinson.
Kittery, Joshua T. Chase.
Kennebunk, Joseph Dane.
Kennebunkport, Simon Nowell.
Limington, Nathaniel Clark.

Lyman, Thomas Sands.
Limerick, Edmund Hayes.
Newfield, Gamaliel E. Smith.
Parsonsfield, Moses Sweat.
South Berwick, Benj. Greene.
Saco, John Spring.

Shapleigh, Enoch Wood.
Waterborough, Phinehas Ricker.
Wells, Nahum Morrill.

York, Alexander McIntire.

SENATE, 1825.

George Scamman, Saco.
John W. Parsons.

Joseph Prime, South Berwick.

HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.

Alfred, Daniel Goodenow.
Buxton, Joseph Hobson, Jr.
Berwick, William Weymouth.
Biddeford, Seth Spring.
Cornish, Simeon Pease.

Eliot, John Hammond.

Hollis, John Smith.

Kittery, Joshua T. Chase.
Kennebunk, Joseph Dane.
Kennebunkport, Robert Towne.
Limington, Simeon Strout, Jr.

Lyman, Nathaniel Hill.
Limerick, Simeon Fogg.
Lebanon, Samuel Pray.
Newfield, James Ayer.
Parsonsfield, Moses Sweat.

South Berwick, Nathaniel Low.
Saco, John Spring.
Waterborough, Phinehas Ricker.
Wells, Nahum Morrill.

York, Elihu Bragdon,

SENATE, 1826.

George Scamman, Saco.
Joseph Prime, South Berwick.

Nathan Elden, Buxton.

HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.

Alfred, John Sayward, Jr.
Buxton, Samuel Hill.
Berwick, William Weymouth.
Biddeford, Seth Spring.
Cornish, Simeon Pease.
Eliot, William Fogg.

Hollis, John Smith.

Kittery, Joshua T. Chase.
Kennebunk, Edward E. Bourne,
Kennebunkport, Danl. W. Lord.
Limington, Simeon Strout, Jr.
Lyman, Nathaniel Hill.
108

HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

Limerick, Jonathan Hayes.
Lebanon, Samuel Pray.
Newfield, Gamaliel E. Smith.
Parsonsfield, Noah Weeks.
South Berwick, Joshua Roberts.
Saco, George Parcher.

Sanford, John Powers.
Shapleigh, John Trafton.

Waterborough, Phinehas Ricker.

Wells, Nicholas Gilman.
York, Elihu Bragdon.

SENATE, 1827,

Mark Dennett, Kittery.
Moses Sweat, Parsonsfield.

Isaac Emery, Biddeford.

HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.

_~Alfred, Daniel Goodenow.
Buxton, Samuel Hill.
Berwick, William Weymouth.
Biddeford, Samuel Pierson.
Cornish, Simeon Pease.
Eliot, William Fogg.
Hollis, John Dennett.
Kittery, Joshua T. Chase.
Kennebunk, Edward E. Bourne.
Kennebunkport, Danl. W. Lord.
Limington, Aaron Haggins.
Lyman, Nathaniel Hill.

Limerick, Simon Fogg.
Lebanon, Samuel Pray.
Newfield, Gamaliel H. Smith.
Parsonsfield, Noah Weeks.
South Berwick, Joshua Roberts.
Saco, George Parcher.
Sanford, Timothy Shaw.
Shapleigh, John Trafton.
Waterborough, Henry Hobbs.
Wells, Nicholas Gilman.

« York, Charles O. Emerson.

SENATE, 1828.

Mark Dennett, Kittery.
Moses Sweat, Parsonsfield.

Isaac Emery, Biddeford.

HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.

Alfred, John Sayward, Jr.
Buxton, William Waterman.
Berwick, William Weymouth.
Biddeford, Seth Spring.
Cornish, Philip Hubbard.
Eliot, James Goodwin.

Hollis, Abijah Usher, Jr.
Kittery, Joshua T. Chase.
Kennebunk, Edward S. Bourne.
Kennebunkport, Danl. W. Lord.
Limington, Nathaniel Clark.
Lyman, Nathaniel Hill.

Limerick, Simeon Fogg.
Lebanon, T. M. Wentworth, Jr.
Newfield, Gamaliel E. Smith.
Parsonsfield, Abner Kezar.

South Berwick, T. Goodwin (3d).

Saco, George Parcher.

Sanford, Timothy Shaw.
Shapleigh, Aaron Hubbard.
Waterborough, Andrew Roberts.
Wells, Nicholas Gilman.

York, Charles 0. Emerson.

SENATE, 1829.

Joseph Dane, Kennebunk.
John Bodwell, Acton.

Abijah Usher, Jr., Hollis.

HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.

— Alfred, John Holmes (resigned) ;
Nathan D. Appleton (chosen
in his place).

Berwick, Richard Shapleigh.
Biddeford, Daniel Deshon.
Buxton, Samuel Sands.
Cornish, Philip Hubbard.

Eliot, James Goodwin.

Hollis, Jabez Bradbury.
Kittery, Joshua T. Chase.
Kennebunk, Edward E. Bourne.
Kennebunkport, Danl. W. Lord.
Lebanon, T. M. Wentworth, Jr.

Limington, Nathaniel Clark.
Limerick, John Sanborn.
Lyman, Nathaniel Hill.
Newfield, Gamaliel E. Smith.
Parsonsfield, Abner Kezar.
Saco, Gideon Tucker.

Sanford, John Powers.
Shapleigh, Aaron Hubbard.
South Berwick, Theo. F. Jewett.
Wells, Nicholas Gilman.
Waterborough, Andrew Roberts.
York, Charles 0. Emerson.

SENATE, 1830.

John Bodwell, Acton.
Abijah Usher, Jr., Hollis.

Nathan D. Appleton, Alfred.

HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.

, Alfred, Daniel Goodenow.
Berwick, Richard Shapleigh.
Biddeford, Daniel Deshon.
Cornish, John S. Wedgwood.
Eliot, Timothy Spinney.
Hollis, Jabez Bradbury.

Kittery, John Wentworth.
Kennebunk, Edw4rd E. Bourne.
Kennebunkport, Jon. Stone, Jr.
Limington, Nathaniel Clark.
Limerick, John Sanborn.
Lebanon, Nathan Lord, Jr.

 

South Berwick, Thomas Goodwin
(3d).

Wells, Nicholas Gilman.

York, Cotton Chase.

Lyman, Nathaniel Hill.
Newfield, Gamaliel E, Smith.
Parsonsfield, Abner Kezar.
Saco, George Scammon.
Sanford, John Powers.
SENATE, 1831.

Moses Sweat, Parsonsfield. James Goodwin, Eliot.

Benjamin Pike, Cornish.

HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.

Alfred, Benjamin J. Herrick. Limerick, John Sanborn.
Buxton, Joseph Hobson. Lebanon, Nathan Lord, Jr.
Berwick, Richard Shapleigh. Newfield, Nathan Clifford.
Biddeford, Samuel Emery. Parsonsfield, John Bailey.
Cornish, Edmund Trafton. Saco, David Fernald.

Eliot, Timothy Spinney. Sanford, John Powers.
Hollis, Jabez Bradbury. South Berwick, Thomas Goodwin
Kittery, John Wentworth. (3d).

Kennebunk, Edward E. Bourne. Shapleigh, Elisha Bodwell.
Kennebunkport, J. G. Perkins. Waterborough, Henry Hobbs.
Limington, Nathaniel Clark. Wells, Nicholas Gilman.
Lyman, Nathaniel Hill. York, Alexander McIntire.

SENATE, 1832.

James Goodwin, Eliot.
Horace Porter, Kennebunk.

Moses Sweat, Parsonsfield.
Benjamin Pike,* Cornish.

HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.

Acton, John Bodwell.
Alfred, John Sayward, Jr.
Berwick, Richard Shapleigh.
Biddeford, Samuel Emery.
Buxton, Joseph Hobson.
Cornish, Edmund Trafton.
Eliot, Stephen Jenkins.
Hollis, Moses Sweat.
Kennebunk, Joseph Dane.
Kennebunkport, Eph. Perkins.
Kittery, John Wentworth.
Lebanon, Moses Pray.

Limerick, Daniel Perry.
Limington, Simeon Strout, Jr.
Lyman, James W. Roberts.
Newfield, Nathan Clifford.
Parsonsfield, John Bailey.
Saco, David Fernald.

Sanford, Timothy Shaw.
Shapleigh, Elisha Bodwell.
South Berwick, John P. Lord.
Waterborough, Orlando Bagley.
Wells, Seth Hatch.

York, Nathaniel Webber.

SENATE, 1833.

Charles N. Cogswell, South Ber-
wick.

Jabez Bradbury, Buxton.
Simeon Pease, Cornish.

HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.

Limington, Ezekiel Small.

Lyman, James W. Roberts.

Newfield, Nathan Clifford.

North Berwick, William Wey-
mouth,

Parsonsfield, James W. Weeks.

Saco, David Fernald.

Sanford, Timothy Shaw.

Shapleigh, Simon Ross.

South Berwick, John P. Lord.

Waterborough, Henry Hobbs.

Wells, Theodore Clark.

York, Nathaniel Webber.

Acton, John Brackett.

Alfred, George W. Came.

Biddeford, Samuel Emery.

Buxton, Stephen Woodman, Jr.

Cornish, William Johnson.

Eliot, Seth Jenkins,

Hollis, Moses Sweat.

Kennebunk, Joseph Dane.

Kennebunkport, Ephraim Per-
kins.

Kittery, Joshua T, Chase.

Lebanon, Moses Pray.

Limerick, John A. Morrill.

SENATE, 1834.

Charles N. Cogswell, South Ber-
wick.

Simeon Pease, Cornish.
Jabez Bradbury, Buxton.

HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.

Acton, John Brackett.

Alfred, John Plummer.
Biddeford, Samuel Emery.
Buxton, Stephen Woodman, Jr.
Cornish, William Johnson.

Eliot, William Hammond.
Hollis, William Hobson.
Kennebunk, Jeremiah Lord.
Kennebunkport, Eph. Perkins,
Kittery, Joshua T. Chase.

 

* Died in January. Horace Porter elected to fill his place.
LEGISLATURES OF MAINE.

109

 

Limerick, Daniel Perry.

Limington, Ezekiel Small.

Lyman, Edmund Currier.

Newfield, Nathan Clifford
(speaker),

North Berwick, Moses Hubbard.

Parsonsfield, James W. Weeks.

Saco, Cotton Bradbury.
Sanford, Timothy Shaw.
Shapleigh, Simon Ross.

South Berwick, Josiah W. Seaver.
Waterborough, John Hill.
Wells, Samuel Mildram.

York, Alexander McIntire.

SENATE, 1835.

Alexander McIntire, York.
Nathaniel Clark, Limington.

Frederic Greene, Saco.

HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.

Acton, Aaron Hubbard.

# Alfred, John Holmes.
Biddeford, Ezra Dean.
Buxton, Stephen Woodman.
Cornish, Augustus Johnson.
Eliot, William Hammond.
Hollis, William Hobson.
Kennebunk, James Lord. Shapleigh, John Gowen.
Kennebunkport, John G. Per- South Berwick, Charles J. Good-

kins, win.
Kittery, Roger Deering, Jr. Waterborough, Henry Hobbs.
Limerick, John A. Morrill. Wells, Samuel Mildram.
Limington, Henry Small. York, Solomon Brooks.

Lebanon, Aaron Ricker.
Lyman, Robert Cousins.
Newfield, Joseph Dane.

North Berwick, James Stuart.
Parsonsfield, James W. Weeks.
Saco, Cotton Bradbury.
Sanford, John Powers.

SENATE, 1836.

Alexander McIntire, York.
Nathaniel Clark, Limington.

Frederic Greene, Saco.

HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.

Acton, John Brackett.

= Alfred, John Holmes.
Berwick, Frederick Cogswell.
Biddeford, Ezra Dean.
Buxton, Tobias Lord.
Cornish, Thomas W. O’Brien.
Eliot, Andrew Leighton.
Hollis, Thomas C. Lane.
Kennebunk, James Lord.
Kennebunkport, John G. Per-

kins.

Kittery, Roger Deering, Jr.

Lebanon, Aaron Ricker.
Limerick, Philip Chadbourne.
Limington, Henry Small.
Lyman, Robert Cousins.
Newfield, Joseph Dane.
Parsonsfield, Rufus McIntire.
Saco, Moses Emery.

Sanford, Timothy Shaw.
Shapleigh, Elisha Bodwell.
Waterborough, William Cook.
Wells, Samuel Mildram,
York, Josiah Chase.

SENATE, 1837.

Samuel Mildram, Wells. Levi J. Ham, Newfield.

Stephen Woodman, Buxton.

HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.

Acton, Aaron Hubbard.
Alfred, John Holmes.
Biddeford, Elisha Perkins.
Buxton, Abraham L. Came.
Cornish, Augustus Johnson.
Eliot, Levi J. Shapleigh.
Hollis, Tomas Carll.*
Kennebunk, Tobias Walker.
Kennebunkport, William Patten.
Kittery, Roger Deering.
Limerick, Simeon Barker.
Limington, Cephas Meeds.

Lyman, Jacob Waterhouse.
Newfield, Moses Ayer.

North Berwick, Daniel Clark.
Parsonsfield, Harvey M. Towle.
Saco, Moses Emery.

Sanford, John T. Paine.
Shapleigh, John Gowen.

South Berwick, Josiah W. Seaver.
Waterborough, William Cook.
Wells, Theodore Wells.

York, Solomon Brooks.

SENATE, 1838.
Samuel Mildram, Wells. Levi J. Ham, Limington.

Stephen Woodman, Buxton.

HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.

Buxton, Abraham L. Came.
Cornish, Thomas W. O’Brien.
Eliot, Levi J. Shapleigh.

Acton, Asa Brackett.
Alfred, George W. Came.
Biddeford, Ichabod Jordan.

 

* Should be Carle.

 

Hollis, Thomas Carle.
Kennebunk, James Lord.
Kennebunkport, William Patten.
Kittery, Daniel Frisbee.
Lebanon, Increase S. Kimball.
Limerick, Simeon Barker.
Limington, George S. Lord.
Lyman, Benjamin Dudley.
Newfield, Moses Ayer.

North Berwick, Wilson Hobbs.
Parsonsfield, Harvey M. Towle.
Saco, Abel Hersey.

Sanford, John T. Paine.
Shapleigh, Elisha Bodwell.
South Berwick, William Hight.
Waterborough, William Cook.
Wells, Charles A. Mildram.
York, Solomon Brooks.

SENATE, 1839.

Timothy Shaw, Sanford.
Simeon Barker, Limerick.

John G. Perkins, Kennebunk-
port.

HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.

Acton, Asa Brackett.

Alfred, William C. Allen.
Berwick, Charles E. Bartlett.
Biddeford, Harrison Lowell.
Buxton, William Foss.
Cornish, Samuel Trafton.
Eliot, Nath’] Hanscomb (3d).
Hollis, Nathaniel J. Miller.
Kennebunk, Joseph Dane.
Kennebunk port, James Perkins,
Kittery, Daniel Frisbee.
Lebanon, Increase 8. Kimball.

Limerick, Abner Burbank.
Limington, George S. Lord.
Lyman, Benjamin Dudley.
Newfield, Daniel Tyler.
Parsonsfield, Gilman L. Bennett.
Saco, Abel Hersey.

Sanford, John T. Paine.
Shapleigh, Stephen Webber.

” South Berwick, William Hight.

Waterborough, Isaac Deering.
Wells, Samuel Mildram.
York, William McIntire.

SENATE, 1840.

Timothy Shaw, Sanford.
Simeon Barker, Limerick.

John G. Perkins, Kennebunk-
port.

HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.

Acton, Samuel Thompson.
Alfred, Lyman Littlefield.
Biddeford, Tristram Goldthwaite.
Buxton, William Foss.

Cornish, Samuel Trafton.

Eliot, Nathaniel Hanscom.
Hollis, Nathaniel J. Miller.
Kennebunk, Joseph Dane.
Kennebunkport, James Perkins.
Kittery, Daniel Jones.
Lebanon, Thomas Wentworth.
Limerick, Abner Burbank.
Limington, Hiram Joy.

Lyman, Jesse Kimball.

Newfield, Samuel Dane.

North Berwick, Levi Hanscom
(3a).

Parsonsfield, Gilman L. Bennett.

Saco, Jonathan Tucker.

Sanford, John T. Paine.

Shapleigh, Stephen Webber.

South Berwick, John P. Lord.

Waterborough, Isaac Deering.

Wells, Joseph M. Littlefield.

York, William McIntyre.

SENATE, 1841.

Gilman L. Bennett, Parsonsfield.
Thomas C. Lane, Hollis.

Thos. Goodwin (2d), South Ber-
wick.

HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.

Acton, Rufus W. Brackett.
Alfred, Lyman Littlefield.
Berwick, Charles E. Bartlett.
Biddeford, Tristram Goldthwaite.
Buxton, Oliver Dow.

Cornish, John Bradeen.

Eliot, John P. Rogers.

Hollis, Nathaniel J. Miller.
Kennebunk, William M. Bryant.
Kennebunkport, Wm. Huff, Jr.
Kittery, Daniel Jones.

Lebanon, Thomas Wentworth,

Limerick, Moses McDonald.
Limington, James Frost.
Lyman, Jesse Kimball.
Newfield, Samuel Dam.
Parsonsfield, Jonathan Tuck.
Saco, Jonathan Tucker.
Sanford, John T. Paine.
South Berwick, Joseph Prime.
Shapleigh, Levi Bragdon.
Waterborough, Isaac Deering.
Wells, Joseph M. Littlefield.
York, Solomon Brooks.

SENATE, 1842.

Thomas C. Lane, Hollis.
Thos. Goodwin, South Berwick.

Elisha Bodwell, Shapleigh.

HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.

Acton, Samuel Thompson.
Berwick, Charles E. Bartlett.

Biddeford, Edmund Perkins,
Buxton, Oliver Dow.
110

HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

Eliot, John P. Rogers.

Hollis, Isaac Merrill.*
Kennebunk, Abel M. Bryant.
Kennebunkport, Wm. Huff, Jr.
Kittery, Charles G. Bellamy.
Lebanon, Nathan’] Chamberlain.

Newfield, Levi Bragdon.
Parsonsfield, Jonathan Tuck.
Saco, Frederic Greene.
Sanford, Nehemiah Butler.
South Berwick, C. N. Cogswell.
Waterborough, John Hill.

HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.

Alfred, Nathaniel D. Appleton.
Biddeford, William Berry.
Buxton, Abram L. Came.
Cornish, Enoch Wescott.

Limington, John M. Foss.
North Berwick, Abra’m Junkins.
Parsonsfield, John P. Bennett.
Saco, Daniel Smith, Jr.

Limerick, Moses McDonald.
Limington, James Frost.
Lyman, James Nason.

Wells, Amos Sargent.
York, Theodore Wilson,

SENATE, 1843.

Elisha Bodwell, Shapleigh. Harrison Lowell, Biddeford.
Soloman Brooks, York.

HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.

Biddeford, Samuel Merrill. Parsonsfield, John Mudgett.
Buxton, Charles Watts. Saco, Arthur Milliken.
Kennebunk, Abel M. Bryant. Shapleigh, Ivory Bragdon.
Kennebunkport, C. Bradbury. South Berwick, Jed. Goodwin.
Kittery, Charles G. Bellamy. Waterborough, Nathaniel Emery.
Lebanon, Frederick A. Wood. Wells, Samuel Mildram.
Newfield, James McLellan, Jr. York, Theodore Wilson.

North Berwick, Humphrey Fall.

SENATE, 1844.

Harrison Lowell, Biddeford.
Isaac Deering, Waterborough.

Solomon Brooks, York.

HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.

Acton, Horace Bodwell.

Alfred, William C. Allen.
Berwick, Samuel W. Fox.
Biddeford, Tristram Goldthwaite.
Buxton, Charles Watts.

Cornish, Hiram Remick.

Eliot, James Goodwin.

Hollis, Miles W. Stuart.

Kittery, Jeremiah 8. Remick.
Kennebunkport, C, Bradbury.
Lyman, Isaac C. Emmons.
Parsonsfield, John Mudget.
Saco, Gideon Tucker.
Sanford, Stephen Dorman.
Wells, Samuel Mildram.
York, Josiah Chase.

SENATE, 1845.

Isaac Deering, Waterborough.
Frederic A. Wood, Lebanon.

James Osborn,t Kennebunk.
Benj. F. Mason, Kennebunkport.

HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.

Alfred, William C. Allen. North Berwick, Humphrey Fall.
Biddeford, Amaziah Emery. Parsonsfield, Alvah Doe.
Buxton, Ansel Merrill. Saco, Ebenezer Scamman.
Kittery, Richard Rogers. Shapleigh, George Heald.
Kennebunkport, Jos. Burnham. South Berwick, Rufus Thurrill.
Limerick, Moses McDonald Waterborough, Jas. M. Burbank.
(speaker). Wells, Samuel Mildram.
Limington, Peter Chick. York, Nathaniel Webber.

SENATE, 1846.

Benjamin F. Mason,t Kenne-
bunkport.

William C. Allen, Alfred.
Charles G. Bellamy, Kittery.

HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.

Acton, John Leary, Jr.
Berwick, Samuel W. Fox.
Biddeford, William Berry.
Buxton, John Milliken.

Hollis, Miles W. Stuart.
Kittery, Richard Rogers.
Kennebunk, Tobias Walker.
Kennebunkport, Jos. Burnham.

Lyman, Edmund Currier.
Newfield, John Moore.
Parsonsfield, Alvah Doe.

Saco, Gideon Tucker.

Sanford, Samuel Tripp.

South Berwick, John Hubbard.
Wells, John Perkins,

York, Samuel Webber.

SENATE, 1847.

Charles G. Bellamy, Kittery.
William P. Haines,? Saco.

Andrew Leighton, Eliot.

 

* In place of Samuel Bradley, resigned.

t Resigned in April; Benjamin F. Mason elected to fill vacancy.
{ Vice Levi J. Ham, of Limington, declined,

3 Vice Moses McDonald, elected State treasurer.

 

Eliot, William Fogg.

Kittery, Benning Wilson.
Kennebunkport, Jno. L. Perkins.
Lebanon, Nahum Goodwin.

Shapleigh, Moses Goodwin, Jr.
Waterborough, Ira T. Drew.
Wells, Joseph Perkins.

York, Samuel Webber.

SENATE, 1848.

Thomas Dyer (3d), Saco.
Ira T. Drew, Waterborough.

Samuel W. Fox, Berwick.

HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.

Acton, Hezekiah Trafton.
Alfred, Nathan D. Appleton.
Berwick, Alexander Junkins.
Biddeford, Moses Bradbury.
Buxton, John Milliken.

Eliot, Oliver Clark.

Hollis, Jacob McDonald, Jr.
Kennebunkport, Jno. L. Perkins.

Kittery, Benning Wilson.
Limerick, Robert Cole.
Lyman, Magness J. Smith.
Parsonsfield, John P. Bennett.
Saco, Daniel Smith, Jr.
Sanford, Nathaniel Hobbs.
Wells, Nathaniel Hilton.
York, George W. Freeman.

SENATE, 1849.

Daniel Dam, Newfield.
Samuel W. Fox, Berwick.

Thomas Dyer (3d), Saco.

HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.

Biddeford, Moses Bradbury.
Buxton, Robert Wentworth.
Kennebunk, Tobias Walker.
Kennebunkport, Nath. Mitchell.
Kittery, John R. Haley.
Lebanon, Oliver Hanscom.
Limington, Cephas Meeds.
Newfield, Nathan M. Loud.

North Berwick, Isaac M. Hobbs.
Parsonsfield, Jacob Marston.
Saco, Alonzo Hamilton.
Shapleigh, Elias Ham.

South Berwick, Wm. L. Foote.
Waterborough, Sam’l Webber, Jr.
York, George M. Freeman.
Wells, Nathaniel Hilton.

SENATE, 1850.

Daniel Dam, Newfield.
Joseph Titecomb, Kennebunk.

Shelden Hobbs, North Berwick.

HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.

Acton, George W. Lord.

Alfred, Archibald Smith.
Berwick, Alexander Junkins.
Biddeford, Richard M. Chapman.
Buxton, Stephen Lane.

Cornish, Thurston P. McKusick.
Hollis, John M, Goodwin.
Kennebunkport, Nath. Mitchell.

Kittery, John R. Haley.
Lyman, Wm. Waterhouse, Jr.
Parsonsfield, Jacob Marston.
Saco, Gideon Tucker.

Sanford, Ichabod Frost.

South Berwick, M. F, Goodwin.
Wells, Christopher Littlefield.
York, Alexander Dennett.

SENATE, 1851-52.||

Shelden Hobbs, North Berwick.
Joseph Titeomb, Kennebunk.

Samuel C. Adams, Newfield.

HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.

Biddeford, Richard M. Chapman.
Buxton, Stephen Lane.
Kennebunk, Samuel Mitchell.
Kennebunkport, Ed. Currier, Jr.
Kittery, Edward D. Safford.
Lebanon, Oren B. Cheney.
Limerick, James M. Buzzell.
Limington, James W. Joy.

North Berwick, Isaac M. Hobbs.
Parsonsfield, John Kezar.

Saco, John Boothby.

Shapleigh, Thomas Garvin.
South Berwick, Isaac Yeaton.
Waterborough, Samuel Roberts.
Wells, Christopher Littlefield.
York, Alexander Dennett.

 

|| The same Legislature held over to 1852 without a new election, in
order to change the session from May to January.
LEGISLATURES OF MAINE.

111

 

SENATE, 1853.

Luther §. Moore, Limerick.
William McIntire, York.

Nathaniel M. Towle, Saco.
Samuel C. Adams,* Newfield.

HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.

Acton, Joshua Ramsdell.
Berwick, Samuel Stillings.
Biddeford, Joseph Staples (2d).
Buxton, James Morton.

Eliot, George A. Hammond.
Hollis, James Warren.
Limington, James W. Joy.
Kennebunk, Joseph Titcomb.

Kennebunkport, Ed. Currier, Jr.
Kittery, Edward D. Safford.
Parsonsfield, John Kezar.

Saco, Abraham Cutter.

Sanford, Charles 0. Lord.
Waterborough, Porter Hamilton.
Wells, Nason M. Hatch.

York, George Bowden,

SENATE, 1854.

Luther S. Moore, Limerick,
William McIntire, York.

Thomas M. Hayes, Saco.

HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.

Alfred, Benj. F. Chadbourne.
Biddeford, James Welch.
Buxton, James Morton.
Kennebunkport, James M. Stone.
Kittery, Daniel Pierce.
Lebanon, William Emery.
Limerick, Sylvanus Bangs.
Limington, John Seavey.

Lyman, Wm. Waterhouse, Jr.
Newfield, Joseph B. Davis.
North Berwick, William Tall.
Saco, Abraham Cutter.
Shapleigh, John M. Ham.
South Berwick, John Hanscom.
Wells, Nason M. Hatch.

York, George Bowden.

SENATE, 1855.

Alexander Dennett, York.
John F. Scammon, Saco.

John N. Goodwin, South Ber-
wick.

HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.

Acton, Ebenezer Ricker.
Alfred, Ivory Hall.

Berwick, Samuel Stillings.
Biddeford, Leonard Andrews.
Buxton, Ansel Merrill.
Cornish, Alpheus Trafton.
Eliot, Andrew Leighton.
Hollis, George Gilman.

Kennebunkport, James M. Stone.
Kittery, Levi Remick.
Parsonsfield, John B. Sweat.
Saco, Seth Scammon.

Sanford, Nehemiah Butler.
Waterborough, Joseph Chase.
Wells, Enoch Goodale.

York, Josiah Chase.

SENATE, 1856.

John M. Goodwin, Biddeford.
John Kezer, Parsonsfield.

Alexander Junkins, Eliot.

HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.

Biddeford, George Clark.
Buxton, Ansel Merrill.

Cornish, Edwin W. Wedgwood.
Kennebunk, George P. Titcomb.
Kennebunkport, Warren Brown.
Kittery, Mark Dennett.
Lebanon, James Pray.
Limerick, Simeon §S. Hasty.

Lyman, James Nason.

North Berwick, Nathan Neal.
Parsonsfield, John B. Sweat.
Saco, Seth Scamman.
Shapleigh, Daniel Shackley.
South Berwick, John Hanscom.
Wells, Enoch Goodale.

York, Charles Came.

SENATE, 1857.

Seth Scamman, Saco.
Nathan Dane, Alfred.

Samuel W. Jones, Lebanon.

HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.

Acton, Nathan Brackett.
Alfred, Sylvester Littlefield.
Berwick, Samuel Guptill.
Biddeford, Esreff H. Banks.
Buxton, Joseph Davis.

Dayton, John L. Murch.

Eliot, Asa Gowen.
Kennebunkport, Warren Brown.

Limington, Freeman McKenney.
Newfield, Samuel C. Adams.
Sanford, Lyman Butler.

Saco, Joseph Hobson, Jr.
Kittery, Mark Dennett.
Waterborough, Abram Coffin.
Wells, Eben Clark.

York, Charles Came.

 

* Chosen in April to fill place of Nathaniel M. Towle, resigned.
Mr. Adams attended the extra session in September, 1853.

 

SENATE, 1858.

Seth Scamman, Saco.
Nathan Dane, Alfred.

Samuel W. Jones, Lebanon.

HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.

Biddeford, Ezreff H. Banks.
Buxton, Joseph Davis.
Kennebunk, Henry Kingsbury.
Kennebunkport, Albert Perkins.
Kittery, Daniel Pierce.
Lebanon, Levi Cowell.
Limerick, Luther S. Moore.
Limington, Moses E. Sweat.

Lyman, Hiram Waterhouse.
North Berwick, John Hall (2d).
Parsonsfield, Luther Sanborn.
Saco, R. P. Tapley.

Shapleigh, James Coffin.

South Berwick, Benj. F. Parks.
Wells, Edwin Clark.

York, William H. Sweat.

SENATE, 1859.

John O’Brien, Cornish.
Theodore Wells, Jr., Wells.

James Morton, Buxton.

HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.

Acton, Moses Garvin.

Alfred, John I. Goodenow.
Berwick, Kendall Gibbs.
Biddeford, Samuel Lowell.
Buxton, Levi F. Boothby.

Eliot, Moses Goodwin.

Hollis, Jacob McDaniel.
Kennebunkport, Albert Perkins.
Kittery, Daniel Pierce.

Limington, Isaac L. Mitchell.

Parsonsfield, Luther Sanborn.

Saco, Charles Hill.

Sanford, Ebenezer L. Hobbs.

Waterborough, Nathaniel Sin-
clair.

Wells, William Storer, Jr.

York, William H. Swett.

SENATE, 1860.

John O’Brien, Cornish.
Theodore Wells, Jr., Wells.

James Morton, Buxton.

HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.

Biddeford, Samuel C. Hamilton.
Buxton, Moses Hopkinson.
Kennebunk, James M. Stone.
Kennebunkport, Chas. C. Perkins.
Kittery, Ephraim C. Spinney.
Lebanon, Seaver Jones.
Limington, Lewis Clark.
Limerick, Cyrus Fogg.

Lyman, Thomas Tibbetts.

Newfield, George W. Willson.

North Berwick, Sumner I. Kim-
ball.

Saco, Charles Hill.

Shapleigh, Alfred Hull.

South Berwick, Wm. A. Crom-
well.

Wells, Joshua Goodwin.

York, Samuel E. Payne.

SENATE, 1861.

Nathaniel G. Marshall, York.
John H. Goodenow, Alfred.

Leonard Andrews, Biddeford.

HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.

Acton, Luther Goding.

Alfred, J. H. Sayward.

Berwick, William F. Lord.
Biddeford, 8. C. Hamilton.
Buxton, Moses Hopkinson.
Dayton, Wm. R. Buzzell.

Eliot, Timothy Dame.
Kennebunkport, Chas. C. Perkins.

Kittery, John Wentworth.
Limington, Lewis Clark.
Newfield, Z. Dunnells.

Saco, Cornelius Sweetser.
Sanford, I. 8. Kimball.

Wells, Joshua Goodwin.
Waterborough, Oliver Hamilton.
York, Samuel E. Payne.

SENATE, 1862.

John H. Goodenow, Alfred.
Nathaniel G. Marshall, York.

Gideon Tucker, Saco.

HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.

Alfred, Sylvester Littlefield.

Biddeford, Thomas H. Cole, Jas.
Sawyer.

Buxton, Simeon B. Davis.

Hollis, Isaac N. Felch.

Kittery, John Wentworth.

Lyman, Joseph Emmons.

Limerick, Ira S. Libby.

Lebanon, J. Y. Wentworth.

North Berwick, William Hobbs.

Parsonsfield, John M. Ames.

South Berwick, John H. Bur-
leigh.

Shapleigh, Paul Garvin.

Saco, Cornelius Sweetser.

Wells, Barak Maxwell.
112

HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

SENATE, 1863.

Nehemiah Colby, South Berwick.
Edwin R. Wiggin, Saco.

Alvah Doe, Parsonsfield.

HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.

Alfred, Timothy B. Ross.

Berwick, Moses B. Page.

Biddeford, John M. Goodwin,
Abel H. Jellison.

Buxton, Simon B. Davis.

Eliot, Andrew P. Fernald.

Kittery, John Rogers.

Kennebunkport, C. C. Perkins.

Limington, John Chace.
Newfield, Joseph Moore.
Parsonsfield, Chase Boothby.
Saco, Moses Lowell.

Sanford, Benjamin F. Hamson.
Waterborough, Benj. Leavitt.
York, Asa McIntire.

SENATE, 1864.

Luther Sanborn, Parsonsfield.
Esreff H. Banks, Biddeford.

Elisha H, Jewett, South Berwick.

HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.

Acton, A. D. Merrow.

Biddeford, John M. Goodwin,
Abel H. Jellison.

Cornish, Edmond Trafton, Jr.

Dayton, Horatio Dunn.

Kennebunk, James M. Stone.

Kittery, John Rogers.

Lebanon, James W. Grant.

Limerick, Joshua C, Lane.

Lyman, Samuel Waterhouse.

North Berwick, Haven A. Butler.

Saco, Moses Lowell.

South Berwick, John H. Bur-
leigh.

Wells, Jedediah Perkins.

York, Henry K. Bradbury.

SENATE, 1865.

Esreff H. Banks, Biddeford.
Elisha H. Jewett, South Berwick.

Luther Sanborn, Parsonsfield.

HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.

Alfred, John H. Sayward.

Buxton, Charles E. Weld.

Berwick, William F. Lord.

Biddeford, William Hill, Charles
A. Shaw.

Cornish, Ammi Boynton.

Eliot, George C. Bartlett.

Kittery, Joshua H. Sanborn.

Lyman, Jesse Gould.

Limington, Samnel M. Bradbury.

Saco, Rufus P. Tapley.

Sanford, Charles H. Frost.

Shapleigh, Sewall Lord.

Waterborough, Oliver G. Ham-
ilton.

York, Josiah D. Bragdon.

SENATE, 1866.

Charles E. Weld, Buxton.
Nath. Hobbs, North Berwick.

Jeremiah M. Mason, Limerick.

HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.

Biddeford, William Hill, James
R. Clark.

Buxton, Samuel Hanson.

Hollis, Henry K. Bradbury.

Kennebunk, James M. Stone
(speaker).

Kennebunkport, Enoch Cousins.

Kittery, Joshua H. Sanborn.

Lebanon, William A. Ricker.

Limerick, Horace H. Burbank.

Newfield, Darling Ham.

North Berwick, John H. Ham-
mond.

Parsonsfield, Ivory Fenderson,

Saco, Charles C. Sawyer.

South Berwick, John H. Bur-
leigh.

Wells, George Goodwin.

SENATE, 1867.

Nathaniel Hobbs, North Ber-

wick.

Charles E. Weld, Buxton.
Jeremiah M. Mason, Limerick.

HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.

Alfred, William Jewett.

Acton, Augustus D. Merrow.

Berwick, Uranus 0. Brackett.

Biddeford, William H. Hanson,
James R. Clark.

Buxton, Samuel Hanson.

Eliot, Timothy Dame.

Kennebunkport, Albert Perkins.

Kittery, Joseph D. Parker.
Limington, Wm. M. McArthur.
Parsonsfield, Ivory Fenderson.
Saco, Charles C. Sawyer.
Sanford, Samuel Nowell.
Waterborough, Jere Roberts.
York, Charles C. Barrell.

 

SENATE, 1868.

James M. Burbank, Saco.
Augustus D. Merrow, Newfield.

George Goodwin, Wells.

HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.

Alfred, Jeremiah R. Gile.
Biddeford, Edwin W. Wedg-
wood, Charles G. Haines.

Cornish, Ammi Boynton.
Dayton, James Maddox.

Hollis, Henry K. Bradbury.
Kittery, Joseph D. Parker.
Lebanon, Edmund F. Cowell.
Limerick, Joseph H. Gilpatrick.

Lyman, Bradford Raymond.

North Berwick, Timothy H. Hub-
bard.

Saco, George Parcher.

Shapleigh, Edward Hargraves.

South Berwick, Shipley W.
Ricker.

Wells, Benjamin B. Eaton.

SENATE, 1869.

George Goodwin, Wells.
Wm. M. McArthur, Limington.

Samuel Hanson, Buxton.

HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.

Berwick, Uranus 0. Brackett.
Biddeford, Edwin W. Wedg-
wood, Charles G. Haines.

Cornish, Reuben Small.
Dayton, James R. Haley.
Eliot, George A. Hammond.
Kennebunk, James M. Stone.
Kittery, Edwin A. Duncan.

Limington, Edward Bragdon, Jr.

Lyman, Eastman Tripp.

Newfield, David T. Giveen.

Saco, George Parcher.

Sanford, Edward H. Bennett.

Waterborough, Joseph W. Hol-
land.

York, Charles Junkins.

SENATE, 1870.

Samuel Hanson, Buxton.

Joseph C. Roberts, Waterborough.

John B. Nealley, South Berwick.

HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.

Acton, Caleb Burbank.
Biddeford, John H. Burnham,
John Q. Adams.
Buxton, Thomas H. Berry.
Hollis, John W. Lane.
Kennebunk, James M. Stone.
Kennebunkport, Enoch Cousins,
Kittery, Edward A. Duncan,
Lebanon, Benjamin H. Lord.

Limerick, Albert 0. Libbey.

North Berwick, Geo. H. Went-
worth.

Parsonsfield, Harrison G. OQ.
Smith.

Saco, Edwin B. Smith.

South Berwick, John A. Dennett.

Wells, Frank B. Mildram.

SENATE, 1871.

John B. Nealley, South Berwick.
Joseph Hobson, Saco.

Jos. C. Roberts, Waterborough.

HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.

Acton, Samuel A. Stackpole.

Alfred, Caleb B. Lord.

Berwick, George S. Goodwin.

Biddeford, John Quincy Adams,
John H. Burnham.

Buxton, Thomas H. Berry.

Eliot, James G. Jenkins.

Kennebunkport, Enoch Cousins.

Kittery, Joshua H. Sanborn,

Limington, Samuel M. Bradbury.

Parsonsfield, Harrison G. 0.
Smith.

Saco, Edwin B. Smith.

Sanford, Simon Tibbetts.

Waterborough, David Deering.

York, Joseph Bragdon.

SENATE, 1872.

Cyrus H. Hobbs, Wells.
Ichabod Cole, Eliot.

Albert G. O’Brien, Cornish.

HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.

Alfred, R. H. Goding.
Biddeford, Ferguson Haines,
Samuel R. Hamilton.
Buxton, James 0. A. Harmon.
Kennebunkport, Geo. B. Carll.
Kittery, Warrington Paul.
Lebanon, Elihu Hayes.
Limerick, B. A. Sawtelle.

Limington, J. F. Brackett.
North Berwick, George H. Lane.
Parsonsfield, John Bennett.
Saco, Edwin B. Smith.
Shapleigh, Henry R. Thing.
South Berwick, J. H. Burleigh.
Wells, A. B. Wells.
YORK COUNTY PRESS.

SENATE, 1873.

Cyrus H. Hobbs, Wells.
John E. Butler, Biddeford.

Albert G. O’Brien, Cornish.

HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.

Berwick, Samuel Hubbard.
Biddeford, Luther T. Mason,
Dominicus Ricker.
Buxton, James 0. A. Harmon.
Eliot, Samuel A. Remick.
Kennebunk, Addison E. Haley.
Kennebunkport, George Carll.
Kittery, Warrington Paul.

Limerick, Eben F. Severence.
Lyman, Nathaniel Littlefield.
Newfield, Usher B. Thompson.
Parsonsfield, John Bennett.
Saco, Ivory Lord.

Sanford, William P. True.
York, George W. S. Putman.

SENATE, 1874.

John E. Butler, Biddeford.
John Hall, North Berwick.

Benjamin F, Hanson, Sanford.

HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.

Acton, Caleb W. Burbank.
Biddeford, B. F. Hamilton, Enoch
F. Pillsbury.
Cornish, Calvin E. Woodbury.
Hollis, Charles W. McKenney.
Kennebunk, Albion K. Gile.
Kennebunkport, Geo. E. Carll.
Kittery, Mark F. Wentworth.

Lebanon, John S. Parker.

Limington, Joab Black.

North Berwick, Francis Hurd.

Saco, Ivory Lord.

South Berwick, Thomas J. Good-
win.

Waterborough, Wm. H. Johnson.

Wells, Trafton Hatch.

SENATE, 1875.

John Hall, North Berwick.
Benjamin F. Hanson, Sanford.

Ivory Lord, Saco.

HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.

Alfred, Albion K. Gile.

Berwick, Samuel Hubbard.

Biddeford, Ferguson Haines, Lu-
ther T. Mason.

Cornish, Timothy Brackett.

Dayton, James R. Haley.

Eliot, Samuel C. Shapleigh.

Hollis, Charles W. McKenney.

Kittery, Mark F. Wentworth.
Lyman, Zopher R. Folson.

Saco, Rufus P. Tapley.

Sanford, William F. Hanson.
Shapleigh, John F. Ferguson.
Waterborough, Wm. H. Johnson.
York, George M. Payne.

SENATE, 1876.

Ivory Lord, Saco.
Usher B. Thompson, Newfield.

Uranus O. Brackett, North Ber-
wick.

HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.

Alfred, Timothy Garey.

Biddeford, Edwin Stone, Daniel
Goldthwaite.

Buxton, Reuben W. Murch.

Kennebunkport, Seth H. Pink-
ham.

Kittery, Joseph H. Seaward.

Lebanon, Hiram Lord.

Limerick, Ira S. Libby.
Limington, Jas. M. Hopkinson.
Newfield, Benjamin Carleton.
North Berwick, Tim. B. Hussey.
Parsonsfield, Jos. F. Dearborn.
Saco, Edward Eastman.

South Berwick, T. J. Goodwin.
Wells, Howard W. Littlefield.

SENATE, 1877.

Uranus O. Brackett, North Ber-
wick.

- Usher B. Thompson, Newfield.

Joseph Hobson, Saco.

HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.

Acton, James Garvin.

Berwick, Lorenzo R. Hersom.

Biddeford, Daniel Goldthwaite,
Edwin Stone.

Buxton, Stephen Towle.

Eliot, Samuel C. Shapleigh.

Kennebunk, Robert W. Lord.

Kennebunkport, Sim. L, Cleaves.

Kittery, Joseph H. Seaward.
Lyman, James B. Roberts.
Parsonsfield, Chas. F. Sanborn.
Saco, Roscoe L. Bowers.
Sanford, Hosea Willard.
Waterborough, Benj. F. Chad-
bourne.
York, Josiah D. Bragdon.

SENATE, 1878.

Joseph Hobson, Saco.
W. F. Moody, Kennebunkport.

15

John F, Ferguson, Shapleigh.

 

113

e

HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES,

Biddeford, Joshua Moore, Har-
den Taylor.

Cornish, Timothy Brackett.

Dayton, Clark R. Cole.

Hollis, James Meserve.

Kennebunk, Robert W. Lord.

Kittery, Dennis M. Shapleigh.

Lebanon, James M. Gerrish.

Limington, Stepben L. Purinton.
North Berwick, Frank A. Knight.
Saco, Roscoe L. Bowers.
Shapleigh, Charles W. Coffin.
South Berwick, Wm. H. Flynn.
Waterborough, Charles W. Smith.
Wells, Trafton Hatch.

SENATE, 1879.

William T. Moody, Kennebunk-
port.

John F. Ferguson, Shapleigh.
James M. Andrews, Biddeford.

HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.

Alfred, John T. Hall. Kittery, Dennis M. Shapleigh.

Berwick, Charles H. Horne. Lyman, Richard S. Stanley.

Biddeford, Charles P. Emery, Newfield, Charles E. Pinkham.
Harden Taylor. Saco, George Parcher.

Cornish, Albert G. Andrews. Sanford, Jeremiah Moulton (2d).

Dayton, George H. Moore. Waterborough, W. W. Libby.

Eliot, Howard Staples. York, James A, Bragdon.

Hollis, James Meserve.

CHAPTER XXVII.
YORK COUNTY PRESS.

Newspapers, Past and Present, arranged under the Heads of the
Towns in which they have been Published.

EFRYEBURG.

RUSSELL’S ECHO.

Tue first newspaper in this county and one of the earli-
est in Maine was the Echo, or North Star, established by
Elijah Russell at Fryeburg in February, 1798. The estab-
lishment of the Echo by Mr. Russell two years after the
first paper at Wiscasset, led Mr. Griffin (‘‘ Press of Maine’’)
to the supposition that this publisher, with the Russell of
that paper, was a brother of Benjamin Russell of the Bos-
ton Sentinel. The type, he says, was probably the same as
had been used on the Sentinel. Mr. Russell had formerly
printed a paper at Concord, N.H. The Echo was pub-
lished weekly less than a year. The late Arthur Shirley,
of Portland, is said to have set the first type in the office.
In size it was about twenty-four by eighteen; terms, one
dollar and a half per annum.

In 1872, Hon. George B. Barrows, of Fryeburg, wrote
My. Griffin that he had a single copy of the Echo in his
possession, and that every spring, in digging his garden, he
found stones which were part of the foundation of the old
printing-office.

A few copies of this paper have been preserved in the
collection at Worcester, Mass., and at Dartmouth College.
On application to the Antiquarian rooms in Worcester, Mr.
Griffin obtained a copy, which proved to be No. 7, Vol. L.,
dated Fryeburg, Me., Aug. 19, 1798.

“The type,” he says, “is very much worn. The paper contains
w sensible communication calculated to calm the war-spirit of the day,
caused by the depredations of French war-vessels upon our commerce.
There is also a double column, giving a list of revenue-stamp duties.
An advertisement of land for sale at Farmington, Maine, appears
over the signature of our former neighbor, Jacob Abbot, Sr., then
of Concord, New Hampshire. The terms of the Echo are given,—

a

Pay in anything or cash.
114 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

WELLS AND KENNEBUNK.*
ANNALS OF THE TIMES.

In 1803, Stephen Sewall commenced the publication of
the Annals of the Times. It seems to have been started
under very favorable auspices, so far as regarded the patron-
age of advertisers. Many persons in Portsmouth adver-
tised their lands in its columns, and also a respectable num-
ber in Wells and other towns in the county. But the sub-
scription patronage was insufficient to sustain it, and the
paper was continued but one year. Occasionally the paper
contained respectable communications on political questions
and things of local interest. Mr. Sewall wrote the ode for
the 4th of July, 1803, which was sung with effect on that
occasion. His position as publisher of this paper not meet-
ing his aspirations, he abandoned it in 1804, moved to
Scarborough, and there established himself as a Thompson-
ian physician.

KENNEBUNK GAZETTE.

In the beginning of 1805 another attempt was made to
establish a newspaper in Kennebunk by William Weeks.
This enterprise was not as successful as the former. The
paper was denominated the Kennebunk Gazette. A single
copy of it has been preserved by Judge Bourne,—No. 19,
dated July 24, 1805. Besides the postmaster’s list of let-
ters remaining in the office, it contains but a single adver-
tisement, a fact going to show that the business commu-
nity took little interest in sustaining it, or did not under-
stand in those days the value of an advertising medium.
The paper is made up entirely of selections, containing
nothing editorial and no original matter. It was continued
but a little while, when the publisher moved to Saco, thence
to Portland, and thence to Portsmouth, where: in 1809 he
became the publisher of the New Hampshire Gazette.

Another paper, called the Eagle of Maine, was started
soon after, but no relic of it—not even the publisher’s name
—remains.

The fourth paper was the Weekly Visitor, afterwards
changed to the Kennebunk Gazette, which remained for
nearly quarter of a century under the latter name. The
Visitor was started in 1809 by James K. Remich. The
publisher seems to have had more sympathy from the public
than had his predecessors. The advertising support of a
newspaper we suppose to be very essential to its success.
This was very liberally given to the Visitor. A great deal
of original matter was also furnished for its columns. Pre-
vious failures probably moved the people to a more active
interest in its success, and the paper soon acquired a satis-
factory footing. It maintained its position under the two
names between thirty and forty years. July 7, 1821, the
name of the paper was changed to the Kennebunk Gazette.
By a wise and prudent management of the financial con-
cerns of the establishment the publisher acquired a very
comfortable independence, which he transmitted to his son
Daniel at his death. He died Sept. 3, 1863, aged eighty
years. Daniel Remich conducted the paper for a few years.
Files of the Kennebunk Gazette are preserved in the York
Institute at Saco.

 

* History by Hon. E. HE. Bourne.

 

THE EASTERN STAR.

The Eastern Star is the only newspaper now published
in Kennebunk. This paper was started in Biddeford by
W. Lester Watson, in September, 1877, and removed to
Kennebunk the following January. It isa weekly, inde-
pendent in politics, and devoted to local interests,—W.
Lester Watson, proprietor ; Marcus Watson, editor. The
paper has a good circulation and a liberal advertising pat-
ronage.

SACO AND BIDDEFORD.
. FREEMAN'S FRIEND.

A paper by the name of the Freeman’s Friend was pub-
lished in Saco in 1805 by William Weeks, the same pub-
lisher who started the first Kennebunk Gazette in the latter
town at the beginning of the same year. He seems to
have been encouraged, if not induced, to engage in this en-
terprise by the eccentric lawyer, Joseph Bartlett, who, it is
supposed, wrote most of the editorials for the paper. Bart-
lett had become quite popular and ambitious, and the es-
tablishment of this paper was one of his schemes for ob-
taining the control which he sought over the Democratic
party. But it failed, as did all his other plans. We do
not know how long the paper was continued. Mr. Griffin
says, “ There appears in the first number an advertisement
of a wool-carding machine in operation, by John Mayall, at
Jefford’s mills, in Kennebunk. Timothy Keazer adver-
tises for sale an oration delivered at Saco, July 4, 1806, by
Joseph Bartlett.”

MAINE PALLADIUM.

The Maine Palladium was published at Saco as early as
the autumn of 1820, by Putnam & Blake, and as late as
July 21,1830. We find in Folsom’s “Saco and Bidde-
ford,” about the last-mentioned date, the name of Alexan-
der C. Putnam, but we do not know whether or not he
was the publisher associated with Mr. Blake.

MAINE DEMOCRAT.

The Maine Democrat was commenced in Saco, Jan. 6,
1828, by William and John Condon, who continued to
publish it for several years, and sold to T, Maxwell and
Michael Beck, Esqs., of Portsmouth. During the first two
or three years it was managed by Joshua M. Young. Mr.
Beck in a short time purchased Mr. Maxwell’s interest,
and continued the publication of the paper till the time of
his death, in 1843. It was then purchased by Alpheus A.
Hanscom, who continued as its editor and publisher until
May,1864. The Democrat was then purchased by William
Noyes, with his son, Isaac B. Noyes, who officiated as edi-
tor until he died, a few months afterwards.t A second

 

t Isaac Badger Noyes at the breaking out of the Rebellion, in 1861,
immediately gave up the practice of law and recruited the first com-
pany of soldiers that joined the army from Saco, of which he was
chosen captain as soon as his company joined the 5th Maine Regi-
ment. He at once proceeded to the front in Virginia, but his health
being poor, having w disease of the heart, which afterwards termi-
nated his life, he resigned his commission in the fall of 1861. With
the hope of regaining his health, he spent the two following years in
South America, Returning early in 1864, he immediately assumed
the editorial management of the Maine Democrat, which he continued
to conduct till the time of his death, in December, 1865.—G@riffin’s
Press of Maine, p. 125.
YORK COUNTY PRESS. 115

son was received into the partnership, and the paper con-
tinued under the firm of William Noyes & Co. for about
three years. In October, 1867, it was sold to Charles A.
Shaw, Esq., of Biddeford, but the Messrs. Noyes continued
its publication till near the first of January following. Mr.
Shaw then removed it to Biddeford, where he erected a
new building for the reception of the office, and there im-
mediately commenced, in connection with the Democrat, a
daily called the Daily Times. He expended several thou-
sand dollars on the establishment, but finding that a daily
could not be sustained, he lost his interest in the under-
taking, discontinued the daily, and in October, 1868, sold
his apparatus, with the Democrat, to E. K. Smart, of
Camden. Mr. Smart continued the publication of the
paper until May, 1869, when it was purchased by the
Watson Brothers, who were the proprietors (George K.
Shaw, editor) till June, 1876, when W. 8. Noyes, Esq.,
came into possession of the paper, and continued it till he
sold to F. W. Roberts, Esq., in February, 1878. Mr.
Roberts finding the pecuniary responsibility greater than
he had anticipated, relinquished the paper after getting out
one issue, and the mortgagors at once arranged with Mr.
Noyes to continue the publication till another sale could be
effected. Mr. Noyes continued its publication till the 7th
of the following June, when it was published under the
management of E. W. Wedgwood, Esq., till the 25th of
July, and then closed finally. Mr. Noyes finding that the
subscribers who had paid in advance for the paper looked
to him for a fulfillment of their contract, immediately com-
menced the publication of the State Democrat in Saco,
which is of the same size and price with the Maine Demo-
crat, and is now the only Democratic paper in York County.
It is published weekly in Saco by Noyes & Co., and is an
enterprising and remunerative sheet.

Mr. William Noyes, the senior partner, was born in
Brunswick in March, 1809, and at an early age entered
the printing-office of the late Joseph Griffin, at Brunswick,
where he served an apprenticeship of seven years, gradu-
ating in 1830. He then immediately commenced the pub-
lication of the Brunswick Journal, which he continued
about one year. In 1831-32 he worked in ‘the Boston
Type- and Stereotype-Foundry, and also at Nashua, N. H.,
for John F. Trow, who is now one of the largest publishers
in New York. In 1833 he established the Maine Farmer,
one of the most successful papers ever printed in the State,
which he published eleven years, and in 1845, in company
with the late Louis O. Cowan, he established the Union at
Saco, now the Union and Journal, of Biddeford. (See
history of that paper, Maine Democrat, Knox and Lincoln
Patriot, and Independent, of Saco.)

UNION AND JOURNAL.

The Union commenced in January, 1845, with William
Noyes as proprietor, and Louis O. Cowan as editor. It
immediately took rank as.the leading organ of the Whig
party in York County, and was continued by Messrs. Noyes
& Cowan until February, 1848, when Mr. Cowan purchased
the interest of Mr. Noyes, and continued its publication in
Saco till the office was destroyed by fire in 1856, when he
removed to Biddeford, and purchased the astern Herald

 

and Mercantile Advertiser, and consolidated the two papers
under the name of the Union and Journal. Mr. Cowan
continued to publish the paper till the time of his death in
1863. His widow sold the establishment in April, 1863,
to John E. Butler, who, in January, 1872, took in his
father, Rev. O. Butler, as partner, the firm being J. H.
Butler & Co. till Aug. 7, 1877, at which date they sold to
the present proprietor, Mr. George A. Hobbs.

Mr. Hobbs was born in Somerset Co., Me., May 25, 1824.
He was brought up in Wells from the age of ten to twenty,
and received his education at the old Kennebunk Academy.
He returned to Somerset County in 1845, where he read
law and was admitted to the bar; was clerk of the courts
of Somerset County from Jan. 1, 1854, to Jan. 1, 1857;

- moved to Illinois in 1857, and was twenty years engaged

in newspaper business in that State-—until he came here
and purchased the Union and Journal. His son, Thomas
A. Hobbs, has been associated with him in the management
of the paper from the first.

The Union and Journal is the leading Republican paper
of the county, is well managed, and has a good circulation.

BIDDEFORD HERALD.

The Biddeford Herald was commenced in 1848, by
Messrs. Reed & Cole. It was a paper devoted to local
news, and was continued under the conduct of its originators
some eight months, then to its close, about nine months, by
W.F.Scamman. Mr. Scamman then commenced the pub-
lication of the Biddeford Townsman, which lived only
about three months.

MERCANTILE ADVERTISER.

In April, 1849, Marcus Watson, now of the Kennebunk
Eastern Star, issued the Mercantile Advertiser at Saco.
It was moved to Biddeford in 1850, and sold to Daniel E.
Stone, who published it under the name of the Eastern
Journal about a year and a half. It was then sold to Mr.
Cowan, and merged in the present Union and Journal.

BIDDEFORD GAZETTE.

The Gazette made its appearance at Biddeford, Jan. 5,
1857,—Marcus Watson, proprietor; Charles H. Granger,
editor,—and continued till 1861. Marcus Watson & Co.
then commenced the publication of the Eastern Herald,
which was published one year.

YORK COUNTY INDEPENDENT.

The first number of the York County Independent ap-
peared May 18, 1869, published by Noyes & Co.,— William
Noyes and William 8. Noyes,—and is now published by the
same parties. It is a weekly, independent in politics, and
is published every Tuesday, at Saco. On retiring from the
Maine Democrat, Jan. 1, 1868, the Messrs. Noyes removed
to Rockland, Me., and there commenced the publication of
the Know and Lincoln Patriot, which they continued to
publish, as per contract, just one year; on the expiration of
which time they removed their office back to Saco, which,
during the interval, had been without a paper or printing-
press of any kind.
116 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

DAILY TIMES.

The first daily paper in Biddeford was started by Hon.
Charles A. Shaw, ex-mayor of the city, in January, 1868,
in which year Mr. Shaw ran for Congress. It was pub-
lished in connection with the Maine Democrat, of which
Mr. Shaw was then proprietor. Mr. Shaw procured tele-
graphic news and other costly appliances of a daily news-
paper, but the field being insufficient to support his enter-
prise, the venture was discontinued after an experiment of
two weeks. Mr. E. 8. Morris, present State superintendent
of common schools, was assistant editor.

The Watson Brothers,—Marcus and Oscar F.,—while
proprietors of the Maine Democrat, started another daily
May 13, 1872, called the Daily Times. Oscar F. Watson

died in October, 1872, and Marcus continued the daily till °

the latter part of February, 1876, when it was discontinued.
March 6, 1876, Frank W. Roberts started, a small three-
column paper, called the Daily Chronicle. This paper was
purchased, July 17, 1876, by Andrew J. Small, and its
name changed to the Daily Times, which is still published
by Mr. Small, who has enlarged it and made it a newsy and
enterprising local sheet. It is independent in politics,
makes local matters a specialty, is well patronized by ad-
vertisers, and has a good circulation in both cities.

Mr. Small is a native of Saco, where he still resides,
though publishing his paper in Biddeford. He began life
as a newsboy, then went to setting type, and has got to be
editor and proprietor of a very useful daily paper. Since
he began to publish the Zimes two other daily papers have
been started, but have been discontinued. The Lvening
Star was started by Marcus Watson, in August, 1876, and
continued about thirteen months. In January, 1878, the
Evening Post was issued from the Maine Democrat office,
and continued about six weeks. This paper was under the
editorial management of George B. Goodwin, Esq., now of
the Bangor Commercial, and it immediately took the lead
as the daily evening paper of Biddeford and Saco. It was
at the height of its prosperity and was being well received
by all parties (although strongly Democratic) when it was
suddenly transferred to Mr. Roberts, in connection with the
Maine Democrat, when Mr. Goodwin immediately severed
his connection with the paper, and after two issues its pub-
lication ceased.

The only daily now in Saco and Biddeford is the Daily
Evening Times, by Andrew J. Small, editor and proprietor,
No. 184 Main Street, Biddeford.

BIDDEFORD WEEKLY ADVANCE.

This paper was established in April, 1879, by Rev. O.
Butler, the present editor and proprietor. It is independent
in politics, and is gaining a fair circulation by the industry
and earnest labor of its editor. Mr. Butler is a native of
Berwick, and is connected with the Free-Will Baptist
ministry.

LIMERICK,

THE MORNING STAR.
The Morning Star, now the widely-circulated organ of
the Free-Will Baptist denomination at Dover, N. H., was
established at Limerick, in this county, in May, 1826,

 

 

Elders Buzzell and Burbank were the first editors; Wil-
liam Burr, a native of Hingham, who served an apprentice-
ship in Boston, was printer. “Mr. Burr, when he came to
Limerick, though less than twenty years of age, was an ac-
complished gentleman of pleasing manners and most ami-
able disposition.” In May, 1832, Hobbs, Woodman &
Co. disposed of its property to a new firm, known as Hobbs,
Burr & Co. In October following the paper was sold to
the Free-Will Baptist denomination. Mr. Burr subsequently
became principal editor and a very efficient business manager,
which station he retained nearly forty years and until his
death by apoplexy, which occurred on the morning of Nov.
5, 1866. An interesting memoir of his life has been pub-
lished in a volume of 208 pages 18mo.

The Star was removed to Dover, N. H., in November,
1833.

The Village Register and Farmers’ Miscellany was pub-
lished (four numbers) in 1840, by Samuel B. Eastman.
It was discontinued for the want of patronage.

The Free- Will Baptist Repository was published from
1845 to 1852. Except a small portion of the time, it was
published in Saco. John and James M. Buzzell, editors.
It was moved to Portland in 1852.

ALFRED.

A paper by the name of the Columbian Star was pub-
lished at Alfred in 1824 by James Dickman, of Augusta,
in support of W.H. Crawford for the Presidency. Mr.
Dickman was in the printing-office of Joseph Griffin, at
Brunswick, from 1820 to 1823, as an apprentice. He died
in Boston in 1870.

SPRINGVALE.

The Springvale Reporter,an enterprising weekly sheet,
is published at Springvale, York Co., by Cheever & Néyes.
It is now in its fifth volume, and has attained a good
circulation. ‘Devoted to local news, interests, and busi-
ness.” Qne dollar a year, in advance.

LIMINGTON.

The Maine Recorder, a four-column weekly paper, was
published by Arthur M. Baker in 1832. The first num-
ber made its appearance May 11th. It was published at
one dollar a year. The paper had a high moral tone, and
was too literary in its character to receive popular patronage,
and therefore ceased to exist. We do not know how long
it continued.

CHAPTER XXVIII.

MEDICAL PROFESSION.

Medical Society of Maine—Maine Medical Association—List of
Members for York County.

Tue first Legislature of Maine, convened May 31, 1820,
and the winter succeeding, members of the Massachusetts
Medical Society residing in Maine commenced the forma-
tion of a medical society, and for this purpose met at the
seat of government, Portland, and chose Nathaniel Coffin,
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Dr. CHARLES TRAFTON was born in Georgetown,
Me., Oct. 2, 1787.

ucation in his native town, and in 1808 he com-

He received his preliminary ed-

menced the study of medicine with Dr. J. Gilman, a
resident of York, Me., and graduated in Boston in
1811.
the duties of his profession in North Berwick, at

In April of the same year he entered upon

which place he continued in practice until Aug. 5,
1817, when he removed to South Berwick, where he
soon had a very lucrative and successful practice,
which was continued until he was prostrated by sick-
ness, in the autumn of 1854. He bore his protracted
illness with Christian patience, and died July 4,
1855.

He married, Oct. 27, 1814, Elizabeth Nowell,
who was born in October, 1793, and died Nov. 22,
1848. They had six children, namely: Alva, born
Sept. 30, 1815; died in infancy. Ann, born Ang.
14,1816. William H., born July 12,1818. Charles
T., born March 9, 1822; for the past twenty-four
years a successful physician of South Berwick. Au-
gusta Elizabeth, born in December, 1824; died in
infancy. Augustus E., born Oct. 24, 1827; died

 

 

July 20, 1852. He married again, Feb. 19, 1845,
Abigail D. Guppey, who was born April 19, 1817.
In politics, Dr. Trafton was a Jacksonian Democrat,
and was one of the Presidential electors that elected
Gen. Harrison President.

As a physician he was widely and extensively
known, and his medical skill was almost without a
parallel in the community in which he lived.

During the winter of 1807 he made profession
of religion, and through the remainder of his life
honored that profession both by precept and ex-
ample. Inthe February following he united with
the Baptist Church, and until the close of his life
was an honorable, exemplary, and influential mem-
ber of that organization. He was not only one
of the earliest members, but was for twenty years
previous to his death an officer (deacon) in the
church. Few men lived to a better purpose in the
church, or died with more friends, than did Dr.
Trafton.
the calls of benevolence, and the church shared

His hand and heart were ever open to

largely in his liberality. Asa husband and father

few had his equal.
Joun A. Berry, M.D., second son of John, Jr.,
and Sarah (Downing) Berry, was born in Saco, Me.,
Sept. 24, 1808. He spent his early life on the farm
at home, and received the advantages of a good
English and classical education. He studied medi-
cine with the late Dr. Green, of Boston, formerly a
resident and practicing physician in Saco, and gradu-
ated from the medical department of Bowdoin Col-
lege Sept. 4, 1833.

He began practice in Saco; after a short time re-
moved to Lyman, where he remained until 1836, and
returned to Saco, where he continued in the successful
practice of his profession until his decease, April 20,
1879.

The same month he graduated he received the ap-
pointment from Governor Smith of surgeon’s mate
of the Ist Regiment, 2d Brigade, Ist Division, Maine
militia.

Dr. Berry was connected with various local insti-
tutions. He was a director of the Saco National
Bank, president of the Mutual Fire Insurance Com-
pany at the time of his death, and was for a time
president of the Saco & Biddeford Gaslight Com-
pany. He was interested in church and school mat-
ters, was a member of the Unitarian Church, and

 

 

Photo. by A. R. Davis, Biddeford.

for several years served on the school board. Asa
physician Dr. Berry was a man of acknowledged
ability, and ever had in mind the best interests and
welfare of his patients. He was cautious in adminis-
tering to the wants of those needing his services, and
bestowed his medical skill alike upon the poor and
the rich.

He possessed business ability, prudence and
sound judgment in financial matters that gave him
rank among the business men of Saco, and added
strength to all local institutions with which he was
connected.

Dr. Berry was sociable, genial; and favorite
among his pleasure-seeking was fishing, in which,
and hunting, he spent many leisure hours; and on
one occasion, while hunting upon the water, his gun
accidentally discharged, the ball nearly severing the
main artery of his arm, so injuring its use that he
ever afterwards used his left hand to write with.

He married, April 28, 1835, Olivia, daughter of
Captain James and Abigail J. (Vaughan) Donnell,
of Biddeford. She survives her husband, and also
two daughters,—Mrs. Roscoe L. Bowers, of Saco,
and Annie O., wife of Dr. Roscoe G. Dennett, who
died July 3, 1877.
MEDICAL PROFESSION. 117

M.D., of Portland, President; Jonathan Page, M.D., of
Brunswick, Vice-President; B. D. Bartlett, M.D., of Bath,
Corresponding Secretary; and Jonathan Page, M.D., of
Brunswick, Recording Secretary.

The first annual meeting of the society was held in Mas-
sachusetts Hall, in Brunswick, on the 4th of September,
1821. At this meeting Luther Carey, M.D., of Turner,
was elected President (on the resignation of Dr. Coffin) ;
Ariel Mann, M.D., of Hallowell, Vice-President; B. D.
Bartlett, M.D., of Bath, Secretary; and Jonathan Page,
M.D., of Brunswick, Treasurer.

At this meeting a proposition was received from the
medical faculty of Bowdoin College for the socicty to unite
with them, by the appointment of a committee to act jointly
with the faculty and have an equal voice in the recommend-
ing candidates to the college board for the degree of M.D.
This liberal proposition on the part of the faculty was ac-
cepted by the society, and for many years the latter was
represented by its committee at the examination of candi-
dates for their medical degree.

An act incorporating the Medical Society of Maine was '

passed March 8, 1821, and included the names of most of
the members of the Massachusetts Medical Society then
resident in Maine, with such other members of the profes-
sion as were designated by the Legislature at the time of
the enactment.

The constitution admitted none as members except those
who had received a diploma from some authorized medical
school or university.

We regret that documents are not accessible for a com-
plete list of the members of the first Medical Society of
Maine, so far as they have been residents of York County ;
but we have not been able to find more than one journal of
the proceedings,—the number for 1834, and that in the
library of the College of Physicians and Surgeons, Philadel-
phia.

George Packard, M.D., of Saco, and James Ayer, M.D.,
of Newfield, were members of the old society.

Moses Sweat, M.D., Burleigh Smart, M.D., and J. Gil-
man, M.D., were councilors of the society for York County
in 1834.

The officers of the society for 1834 were the following:
B. D. Bartlett, M.D., Portland, President ; Burleigh Smart,
M.D., Kennebunk, 1st Vice-President ; Moses Sweat, M.D.,
Parsonsfield, 2d Vice-President; James McKean, M.D.,
Topsham, Corresponding Secretary; Moses Shaw, M.D.,
Wiscasset, Recording Secretary; Jonathan Page, M.D.,
Brunswick, Treasurer; Censors, B. D. Bartlett, Portland ;
John Hubbard, Hallowell; Moses Sweat, Parsonsfield; J.
Gilman, York; J. W. Nighles, Minot.

The first Medical Society of Maine seems to have been
discontinued for a time, and a new association formed, of
which the following is a copy taken from the records:

MAINE MEDICAL ASSOCIATION.

Agreeably to a call addressed to a portion of the medical
profession of Maine, a meeting to secure a permanent or-
ganization of its members throughout the State was held
at the Tontine Hotel in Brunswick, April 28, 1853. Dr.
James. McKeen, of Topsham, was chosen chairman, and

 

Dr. John D. Lincoln, of Brunswick, secretary. The fol-
lowing-named gentlemen were appointed a committee to
prepare articles of organization, viz.: Drs. Hill, Briggs, G.
S. Palmer, Libby, Fuller, Garcelon, and Benson, who re-
ported a constitution and by-laws which were adopted by
the association and remained in force till they were super-
seded by the present revised constitution and by-laws. The
members named in the original organization were Isaac
Lincoln, James MeKeen, Amos Nourse, Cyrus Briggs, T.
G. Stockbridge, H. H. Hill, Israel Putnam, Andrew J.
Fuller, Jobn Benson, Nathaniel T. Palmer, C. W. Whit-
more, G. S. Palmer, Ashur Ellis, John Mathews, Joseph
W. Ellis, Cyrus Kendrick, Jr., George E. Brickett, John
D. Lincoln, Alonzo *Garcelon, J. W. Toward, R. W. Law-
son, Abial Libby, J. F. Stanley, N. BR. Boutelle, John
Hartwell, Stephen Whitmore, and Richard P. Jenness,
with such other gentlemen as may hereafter be admitted by
the majority of members present at an annual meeting.
The association was incorporated by the following act of
the Legislature (Chap. 492), approved March 13, 1855:

“ An Act to Incorporate the Maine Medical Association.

“Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives in
Legislature assembled, as follows:

“Section 1. ‘HH. H. Hill, John Benson, John D. Lincoln, Gilman
Davcis, Joseph W. Ellis, John Hubbard, James McKeen, Alonzo
Garcelon, H. L. K. Wiggin, John Cook, Sylvester Oakes, N. C. Har-
ris, Aleander Burbank, William Kilbourne, J. P. Fessenden, P. Dyer,
Edmond R. Russell, Isaac Lincoln, John T. Gilman, and others, who
may be elected agreeably to the rules and by-laws hereafter to be es-
tablished, are hereby created a body politic by the name of the Maine
Medical Association, with power to sue and be sued, to have a common
seal and to change the same, to make any by-laws not repugnant to
the laws of this State, and to take and to hold any real or personal
estate to the value of fifty thousand dollars; and to give, grant, bar-
gain, sell, and convey the same. The use and income of said estates
to be expended and appropriated to uses consistent with the objects
of said Association, and as the members thereof shall direct.

“Sec. 2. The members of said Association may elect a President,
Vice-President, Secretary, Treasurer, and such other officers as they
may judge necessary and convenient, determine their respective duties,
and limit the term of their offices, and fill any vacancies therein;
and the President and such other officers as they may direct, is hereby
authorized to administer to the officers oaths, binding them to the
faithful and impartial discharge of the duties of their several offices.

“Sec. 3. At any annual meeting, and at no other, the members
of the Association may duly elect any suitable person a member of
said Association ; provided, that no person shall be so elected who has
not received the degree of doctor in medicine from some medical in-
stitution duly authorized to confer the same, nor unless he shall have
passed a successful examination, and be approved by the censors of
this Association as a suitable person and properly qualified to become
a member thereof.

“Sno. 4. At the first meeting of said Association, and at every
annual meeting thereafter, it shall be the duty of the Association to
choose such number of censors or examiners as they shall deem proper
and necessary for the examination of candidates for election, and
every candidate examined, approved, and elected, shall be entitled to
receive letters testimonial, which the Association is hereby authorized
and empowered to confer, in accordance with its by-laws and consti-.
tution.

“Src. 5. Prior to the adjournment of the first meeting, and of
each succeeding meeting, the time and place of holding the next suc-
ceeding meeting shall be designated, and when the Association does
adjourn, it shall adjourn accordingly.

“Sno. 6. The first meeting of said Association shall be held in
Belfast, in the County of Waldo, on the first Wednesday of June, in
the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and fifty-five, at
ten of the clock in the forenoon.

“Sec. 7. This Association shall have power to institute local
118 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

 

County Societies in any part of this State, when they may be satisfied
the science and practice of Medicine and Surgery will be benefited
and elevated thereby, and to annul the same when a majority of the
members present at any annual meeting shall deem its beneficial in-
fluence to have ceased.”

MEMBERS IN YORK COUNTY.

Allen, J. L., Saco.

Bacon, Alvan, Biddeford.

Bird, Arthur S., Springvale.

Bradford, A. K. P., Hollis.

Bragdon, Edmund, Jr., West
Buxton.

Clark, S. 0., Limerick.

Day, J. F., Alfred.

Dennett, R. G., Saco.

Emery, C. J., Biddeford.

Faunce, N. D., West Buxton.

Grant, J. P., Saeo.

Gross, Charles W., Acton.

Hawkes, Wilson L., York.

Hayes, J. A., Biddeford.

Hill, Luke, Biddeford.

Hill, Hampton E., Biddeford.

Hurd, E. E., Lyman.

Jaques, Edwin D., South Ber
wick.

Jewett, T. H., South Berwick.

Kimball, J. E. S., Saco.

Libby, Alvan, Wells.

Lord, John, Limington.
Merrow, A. D., Acton.
Meserve, A. K. P., Buxton.
Mulvey, B. C., Saco.

Moulton, John F., Limington.
Nash, Samuel A., South Berwick.
Quinby, Fred., Biddeford.
Sawyer, James, Biddeford.
Smith, Dryden, Biddeford.
Staples, @. D., North Berwick.
Spear, David D., Kennebunk.
Stevens, E. G., Biddeford.
Stockwell, Emmons F., Alfred.
Swasey, William, Limerick.
Swasey, William B., Cornish.
Sweat, William, Hollis.

Sweat, M. E., North Parsonsfield.
Trafton, C. C., Kennebunkport.
Warren, Francis G., Biddeford.
Wedgwood, J. T., Cornish.
Wentworth, Jacob B., Wells.
Wescott, Wm., Kennebunkport.
Willis, J. L. M., Eliot.

Dr. William B. Swasey was corresponding secretary in
1872, first vice-president in 1874, and delegate to the
American Medical Association in 1877.

Dr. A. Libby was delegate to the Vermont Medical As-
sociation in 1873.

Dr. J. L. Allen was delegate to the Vermont Medical
Association in 1874.

Dr. A. K. P. Meserve was delegate to the Connecticut
Medical Society in 1875.

Dr. T. A. Jewett was delegate to the Massachusetts
Medical Society in 1876.

PRESENT PHYSICIANS OF SACO.

The present physicians of Saco are Joseph P. Grant, J.
KE. L. Kimball, J. L. Allen, A. W. Larrabee, M. W. Hall,
allopathic; S. P. Graves, homeeopathic; 8. C. Libby,
eclectic.

Dr. Joseph P. Grant was born in Saco, March 11, 1813;
studied in Buxton and Hollis, and graduated at the Maine
Medical College in 1837. He began practice in Alfred
in 1837, and afterwards practiced four years in Falmouth,
Me., when he removed to Saco, where he has been in the
practice of his profession ever since.

Among the earlier physicians were Drs. John A. Berry,
James R. Goodwin, now of Portland, and George Packard,
who changed profession for the ministry of the Episcopal
Church.

Roscoe G. Dennett, M.D., was a physician at Saco from
1862 to 1877, the time of his death. He was an excellent
physician, a member of the Maine Medical Association, and
graduate of the Maine Medical College about 1862.

In 1866, Drs. J. O. Moore and L. F. Morse practiced in
Saco; how much earlier and later we are not informed.
Also at this time Dr. N. Brooks was practicing in Saco.

J. HE. L. Kimball, M.D., was born in Pembroke, N. H.,

 

July 30, 1819; studied with Dr. Palmer, and graduated at
the Vermont Medical College in 1847. Previous to com-
mencing in Saco, in 1849, he practiced one year in Bald-
win, Me. Dr. Kimball was in the army as the surgeon of
the 27th Maine Regiment, and made a good record for him-
self. He has a large practice in Saco, and is a member of
the Maine Medical Association.

Among physicians in 1849, in Saco, were Dr. B. C. Mu-
lony, Dr. H. C. Fessenden, and Dr. Cushman, who after-
wards became a Methodist minister. Henry P. C. Green,
M.D., came here afterwards and remained in practice till
his death.

Dr. A. W. Larrabee graduated at Westbrook Seminary
in 1870, and studied medicine with Dr. Weeks, of Port-
land. After attending lectures at the Maine Medical Col-
lege, he graduated at Dartmouth Medical School in 1873.
Dr. Larrabee was born in Scarborough, Aug. 20, 1852.

BIDDEFORD PHYSICIANS.

The following is a list of the present physicians in Bid-
deford: Alvan Bacon, Horace Bacon, Addison Brown, C.
J. Emery, H. E. Hill, J. A. Lapointe, R. G. Milliken, J.
Parker, James Sawyer, Elbridge Stevens, Francis G. War-
ren, F. 8. Warren, W. B. Whiting, Frank Quinby.

HORACE BACON, M.D.

Horace Bacon, M.D. (Alvan‘, Alvan’, Daniel’, John’),
born in the town of-Scarborough, Cumberland Co., Me.,
March 29, 1804, is fifth in descent from John Bacon, born
in 1710, and who died 1806. His father, Alvan Bacon, born
Sept. 27, 1771, in Charlton, Worcester Co., Mass., came to
Scarborough during the latter part of the eighteenth cen-
tury, where he practiced medicine for a period of forty-five
years, and where he died Aug. 15, 1848. He was a very
successful practitioner, a great favorite with the people, and
a man generally esteemed for his intelligence, sociability,
and sterling integrity. He married, in October, 1800,
Sally, daughter of Capt. John Mulbury Milliken, of Scar-
borough, who was a descendant from Hugh Milliken, the
emigrant settler from Scotland, in Boston, about 1650.
His son, John Milliken, married Elizabeth, granddaughter
of Andrew Alger, in 1690, and settled in Scarborough in
1719. He purchased the interest of the other heirs in the
Alger estate, and held the property under an Indian title
in court in 1730.

Their children are Horace, subject of this notice; Alvan
Bacon, M.D., of Biddeford, Me.; Sarah (deceased), wife
of the late Dr. Seth Larrabee, of Portland; and Mary
(deceased), wife of the late Rodley D. Hill, of Detroit,
Mich.

Dr. Horace Bacon received his preliminary education
at the Saco Academy, studied medicine with his father,
and with Prof. John D. Wells, of Boston, and graduated
from the medical department of Bowdoin College in 1825.
In March, 1826, he began practice in Biddeford, and for
ten years made his visits to patients in the surrounding
towns on horseback, and on many occasions his record
shows that as far back as in 1837 he made thirty visits per
day. He has remained in continuous practice of his pro-
fession where he first settled for a period of fifty-three
 
 

His great-grandfather, Benjamin Warren, came
to Somersworth, N. H., from England; thence to
Biddeford, and in 1770 settled in Hollis, Me. His
grandfather was Benjamin, and his father, Stephen,
born in Hollis, in 1800, married Lavina Young, of
Waterborough, who was born in 1803. He was a
farmer through life, and died in 1873. Of his two
children, Eunice is deceased.

Dr. Warren was born in Hollis, March 4, 1828 ;
received a good education in boyhood, and at the
early age of fourteen became a teacher. He con-
tinued teaching and attending school until he was
twenty years old, and in the mean time, at the age of
seventeen, began the study of medicine with Dr.
William Swasey, of Limerick. He graduated from
the medical department of Bowdoin College at
the age of twenty, and the same year, 1848, set-
tled in Pownal, Cumberland Co., Me., in practice.
He remained there for seven years, and in 1855
settled in Biddeford in the practice of his profession.
In 1860 he attended Jefferson Medical College, at
Philadelphia, from which he graduated in 1861.
Returning to Biddeford, he was appointed assistant
surgeon of the 5th Maine Regiment, 6ti Corps,
Col. Mark Dunnell commanding, and in June of
the same year accompanied the regiment to the front.
To give an outline sketch of Dr. Warren’s experi-
ence in the army would be to narrate in detail the
suffering in every way of thousands of wounded, of
the marches, privations, and battles, in the thickest
of the fight, from the battle of Bull Run to Peters-
burg.

He took his place in the field, refusing permanent

 

Photo. by E. H. McKenney.

hospital service, and kept it as long as he was in the
service. He performed surgical operations during
the engagements of Bull Run, Peninsula campaign,
and Antietam, after which latter engagement he was
promoted to surgeon of the regiment. Dr. Warren
was with his regiment afterwards in the battles of
Fredericksburg, the bloody engagement in storming
Mary’s Heights, Rappahannock Station, Gettys-
burg, Wilderness, and Petersburg, and of the eigh-
teen hundred soldiers and recruits in the regiment,
only some two hundred were left alive to return to
their homes.

During his term of service Dr. Warren made
upwards of four hundred amputations. He was
mustered out of the service July, 1864; returned to
his practice in Biddeford, where he has since re-
mained, giving most of his attention to surgery. He
is known as a skillful and safe operator in surgery,
and his large and varied experience in the army
gives him a place among the first in the county and
State. Dr. Warren is interested in all local enter-
prises tending to the prosperity of the city. He
was alderman in 1871, and mayor in 1872-74, and
1875.

He is a member of the Maine Medical Association,
of Dunlap Masonic Lodge, and Bradford Com-
mandery. He married, Nov. 16, 1848, Harriet N.,
daughter of Thomas and Marilla (Welch) Roberts,
of Brunswick, Me. He has one son, Frank, who
studied medicine with his father, and at the age of
twenty-one graduated at Bowdoin, in 1872, and
is now practicing medicine and surgery in Bidde-

ford.
MEDICAL PROFESSION. 119

years, and is (in 1879) the senior member of the medical
fraternity in actual practice in York County. Dr. Bacon
is familiarly known throughout this section of the State as
a skillful physician and surgeon, and well read in medical
literature. In his surgical operations he has shown great
ingenuity in inventing and constructing his own instru-
ments to operate with, and especially for operations of the
eye and hare-lip. His acknowledged professional ability,
his great experience in the treatment of difficult cases, his
care in administering to the wants of the sick, and his great
sympathy for, and assistance to, those from whom no remu-
neration could possibly be expected, have given him the
confidence and esteem of all classes of the community where
he resides. Dr. Bacon has been successful in his practice
from the first, and has always retained friendly relations
with his medical brethren. Many young men and prac-
ticing physicians of thirty years’ experience remember the
kindness of Dr. Bacon towards them when they first
started out in the practice of medicine. His assistance, his
kind and encouraging words, were examples to them, be-
speaking a generous and sympathizing nature, as they met

 

 

He married, April 22, 1828, Mary H., daughter of Kd-

mond and Mary (Hill) Coffin, of Biddeford. She was born
July 25, 1807, and is a woman of great moral worth and
Christian excellence. Her father was a prominent citizen
of Biddeford ; was a deputy sheriff of the county, and clerk
of Biddeford from 1804 to 1838.

His children are Henry, a graduate of Dartmouth Col-
lege, in the class of 1854, and a lawyer by profession ;
Charles, a jeweler in Dover, N. H.; Mary; and Horace, a
manufacturing jeweler in Lowell, Mass.

ORREN ROSS, M.D.

Orren Ross, M.D., eldest son of Simon and Mary (Perkins)
Ross, was born in Kennebunk, Sept. 14, 1812. His parents
were also natives of the same place. He received his edu-
cation in the common schools and in the Kennebunk and
North Bridgton Academies. At the age of fourteen he
was apprenticed to Dixey Stone, a grocer of Bridgton Cen-
tre, Me., with whom he remained until he was twenty years
old, when he began trade for himself at Sweden, Oxford Co.,
Me. After about two years in business, he disposed of

 

Va
vy :

insurmountable obstacles in their early experience. At the
age of seventy-five his energy is unremitting, his love for
the faithful discharge of his professional duties constant,
and his desire to do good to the suffering remains un-
changed. Dr. Bacon has been interested in all local enter-
prises tending to benefit society, and for the growth and
prosperity of the city of his adoption, and little connected
with business outside of his professional labors.

He was for several years a director of the Old York
Bank, and for a few years carried on a drug-store in Saco.

his stock of goods and was engaged as a teacher of penman-
ship in the town schools until 1836. During that year he
began the study of medicine with Dr. Nathaniel Pease, of
Bridgton, and after three years graduated in the medi-
cal department of Bowdoin College, in the class of 1839.
Previous to his graduation he had taken a three-months’
term in hospital practice at McLean Hospital, Boston.

In 1839 he began the practice of medicine at Kenne-
bunkport. After one year he went to Lyman, where he
remained for three years, and after three years more prac-
120 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

tice in the northern part of the town of Kennebunk, he
removed to the village of Kennebunk in 1846, where he
resides in 1879, having spent the whole of this time in the
practice of his profession. In 1877, by over-exertion and
exposure, he became prostrated by a bilious fever, which left
his nervous system considerably impaired and unfitted him
for the duties of his profession. He is a man of strong
temperance proclivities; never used tobacco or liquor. He
has taken such strong ground on the temperance question
that his influence in his own family has resulted in strictly
temperate habits in his children. Dr. Ross was formerly
identified with the Whig party, and joined the Republican
party upon its organization. Dr. Ross has been known in
his profession as a judicious and skillful physician, and as a
man of strict integrity in all business relations.

He married, Oct. 14, 1840, Elizabeth, daughter of Daniel
and Sarah (Walker) Holden, of Sweden, Me. She was
born in Otisfield, Cumberland Co., Me, May 14, 1817.
They had seven children, two of whom died in infancy.
Those living are Annette, wife of S. T. Fuller, a civil engi-
neer of Philadelphia, Pa.; Isabel, wife of H. B. Thompson,
of Kennebunk; Orren S., a civil engineer in Philadelphia,
Pa.; Frank M., a graduate of Jefferson Medical College,
Philadelphia, Pa., in the class of 1873, and practicing
medicine in Kennebunk; and Florence H., wife of James
K. Cross, a bank official in Philadelphia, Pa.

CHAPTER XXIXx.
WAR OF THE REBELLION.

York County Soldiers in Different Regiments— Twenty-seventh
Regiment—Record of Officers—Bounties—Military Record of York
County by Towns.

Tne military records hereunto appended show that York

County was represented in a large number of regiments

during the late war of the Rebellion. The place of general

rendezvous, and largely of enlistments for volunteers from
this county, was the city of Portland, where nearly all regi-
ments into which York County men entered, as well as
those from the western part of the State generally, were
made up and sent forward to the seat of war. The fires of
patriotism burned as ardently here as in any other portion
of the great North at the outbreak of the war and during
its continuance; the people of this county felt as keenly
the insult offered to the flag of our common country, when
it was traitorously shot away by rebel guns from the ram-
parts of Fort Sumter; the great crime of attempting to
break up the Union was as indignantly execrated by the
loyal people of this portion of Maine as by those of any
other section of New England; and when the call came for
volunteers to maintain the integrity of the government and
preserve the priceless treasures of our free institutions, the
response from the people was equal to the demands of the
occasion. ‘The citizens rallied at the call of the President,
and, with an alacrity and dispatch never equaled in the
raising of an army, enlisted, equipped, and sent forward their
respective quotas. This county had her soldiers in the fol-
lowing regiments: the 5th, 8th, 9th, 12th, 13th, 14th,

 

"15th, 16th, 17th, 18th, 20th, 25th, 27th, 30th, 31st, and

32d Regiments Maine Infantry, extending from the begin-
ning to near the close of the war; in the 7th Battery of
Mounted Artillery, the 1st and 2d Cavalry, the Ist Regi-
ment of Veteran Infantry, the 29th unassigned, and largely

in the United States Army and Navy, besides many who

enlisted in New Hampshire and other States. We have
aimed to give as complete a list as possible, including the
foreign enlistments, so far as it has been practicable to
obtain the names from the Adjutant-General’s reports and
other sources. -

THE TWENTY-SEVENTH REGIMENT MAINE VOLUNTEER
INFANTRY

is that which may be specially denominated the York
County Regiment, as it was made up, with but very few
exceptions, of enlistments from the different towns of the
county. This regiment was organized at Portland, Sept. 30,
1862, with the following field-, staff-, and line-officers:

Rufus P. Tapley, Colonel, Saco.

Mark F. Wentworth, Lieutenant-Colonel, Kittery.
James M. Stone, Major, Kennebunk.

Edward M. Rand, Adjutant, Portland.

Lewis O’Brien, Quartermaster, Saco.

John KE. L. Kimball, Surgeon, Saco.

Freeman Hall, Assistant Surgeon, North Berwick.
Calvin L. Hayes, Sergeant-Major, Kittery.

John Hall, Quartermaster Sergeant, North Berwick.
William H. Tapley, Commissary Sergeant, Saco.
Ivory M. Hodsdon, Hospital Steward, Saco.
Charles E. York, Drum-Major, Biddeford.

The 27th Regiment was organized to serve for nine
months. It left Portland, Oct. 20, 1862, for Washington,
and arrived in that city on the 22d, where it remained till
the 26th, and then marched to Camp Chase, on Arlington
Heights, Va. On the 28th the regiment removed to Camp
Seward, where they were engaged in picket duty until the
12th of December, when they marched to Camp Vermont,
south of Hunting Oreek, Va., and there guarded a picket
line eight miles in length, extending from the Potomac
near Mount Vernon to the Orange and Alexandria Railroad.
They continued in that duty until the 24th of March,
1863, on which day they moved to Chantilly, Va., and
commenced picket duty on the outermost line of infantry
in the defenses of Washington. On the 25th of June
they returned to Arlington Heights.

The term of service of the regiment having expired,
they were at liberty to return home; but a large portion, at
the request of the President and Secretary of War, volun-
teered to serve a short time longer, to aid, if necessary, in
defending the capital against the incursion of Gen. Lee,
who had at that time commenced the invasion of Pennsyl-
vania. On the 4th of July they left for Maine, and arrived
in Portland on the 6th, where, on the 17th, they were
mustered out of the United States service.

Company A.—George H. Ward, Saco, Captain; Samuel
H. Libby, Limerick, First Lieutenant; Frank L. Harmon,
Saco, Second Lieutenant.

Company B.—Isaac P. Fall, South Berwick, Captain ;
 

Roscor G. Dennett, M.D., was born in Bux-
ton, Me., Feb. 10,1835. His grandfather, Clement
Dennett, born in Scarborough Jan. 10, 1763, settled
as a farmer in Buxton December, 1786 ; died 1841,
Aug. 10; married, Jan. 3, 1793, Mary, daughter of
She died July 28,
18638, aged ninety-four years and fourteen days. His

Samuel Leavitt, of Buxton.

great-grandfather, David Dennett, a farmer, born in
Portsmouth, N. H., March 15, 1727, moved to
Scarborough Oct. 3, 1768, married Dolly Downing, of
Newington, N. H. He enlisted in the Provincial
service Jan. 18, 1776; left on foot with his gun for
Boston, and never returned. Died in 1778.

His father, Daniel Dennett, of Buxton, was born
May 31, 1807, and married Abigail Gilpatric, of
Biddeford. He had six sons, viz.: Liberty B., now
living in Deering, Me., with law-office in Portland ;
Roscoe G., second, now clerk of the courts in Cum-
berland County; James C., died in 1865, aged
eighteen years; Lora D., studied in Portland Medi-
cal School; Samuel C., a farmer on the homestead
in Buxton ; and Roscoe G., the subject of this sketch.
The latter received his preparatory education in
Limerick and Standish Academies; studied medicine
with Dr. J. A. Berry, and graduated at Bowdoin

Medical College in 1862. He began practice im-

 

mediately in Saco, where he continued an ornament
to the profession till his decease, which occurred
Dec. 14, 1878.

Dr. Dennett was city physician, 1868, alderman,
1873, member of the Board of Health, 1874, 1875,
1876, 1877 ; was a member of the Masonic Lodge,
and Royal Arch Chapter, and president of the York
Institute.

Dr. Dennett married, Sept. 1, 1863, Annie O.,
youngest daughter of Dr. Berry. She was born
Feb. 19, 1839. By this marriage there were three
children: James Vaughan, born Sept. 26, 1867;
William Hartley, born Sept. 15, 1870; Bessie
Greeley, born June 13, 1875; died Dec. 14, 1878.
Dr. Dennett died July 3, 1877, after a long ill-
ness.

We take the following extract from a notice of
his death in the Saco paper:

“He was a man universally respected and es-
teemed by all who had the honor and pleasure of
his acquaintance. He was a gentleman in every
sense, a thorough scholar, and in his profession
eminently successful. He leaves a wife and three
children, and a host of friends to mourn his death.
Of him it can truly be said, ‘none knew him but

29)

to love him.
WAR OF THE REBELLION. 121

 

Moses S. Hurd, South Berwick, First Lieutenant; Lysan-
der B. Young, South Berwick, Second Lieutenant.

Company C.—Jobn D. Hill, Buxton, Captain ; John H.
Came, Buxton, First Lieutenant; Joseph F. Warren, Hol-
lis, Second Lieutenant.

Company D.—David B. Fullerton, Berwick, Captain ;
Thomas Sherman, Jr., Lebanon, First Lieutenant; Fred-
erick §. Bryant, Kennebunkport, Second Lieutenant.

Company E.—John M. Getchell, Wells, Captain; Wil-
liam H. Miller, Sanford, First Lieutenant ; Joseph E. Chad-
bourn, Wells, Second Lieutenant.

Company F—Jeremiah Plummer, Biddeford, Captain ;
Amos W. Page, Biddeford, First Lieutenant; John W.
Perkins, Biddeford, Second Lieutenant.

Company G.—Edmund A. Dixon, Eliot, Captain; Jo-
seph D. Parker, Kittery, First Lieutenant; Dennis M.
Shapleigh, Kittery, Second Lieutenant.

Company H—Henry F. Snow, Cornish, Captain; Al-
mond Q. Smart, Parsonsfield, First Lieutenant; Ralph R.
Hussey, Acton, Second Lieutenant.

Company I—Seth E. Bryant, Kennebunk, Captain;
Noah Gould, Lyman, First Lieutenant; Henry B. Osgood,
Alfred, Second Lieutenant.

Company K.—William H. Johnson, Waterborough,
Captain; Frank A. Hutchins, Kennebunkport, First Lieu-
tenant; John McJellison, Shapleigh, Second Lieutenant.

The record of each'man in this regiment will be found
in alphabetical order, under the head of the town to which
he belonged.

RECORD OF COMMISSIONED OFFICERS.

Col. Rufus Tapley, remained in service till Jan. 23, 1863.

Lieut.-Col. Mark F. Wentworth, promoted to colonel.

Maj. James M. Stone, promoted to lieutenant-colonel.

Q.M. Sergt. John Hall, promoted to second lieutenant Company E,
Dee. 31, 1862.

Hosp. Steward Ivory M. Hodson, Jan. 27, 1863.

Second Lieut. Lysander B. Young, resigned Feb. 15, 1863.

Sergt. Joseph F. Chase, promoted to second lieutenant, March 1, 1863.

Capt. John D. Hill, promoted to major, Jan. 30, 1863.

First Lieut. John H. Came, died Jan. 16, 1863.

Second Lieut. Joseph F. Warren, promoted to first lieutenant and to
captain.

Sergt. William Milliken, Jr., promoted to second lieutenant.

First Lieut. Thomas Sherman, resigned Feb. 4, 1863.

Second Lieut. Frederick S. Bryant, promoted to first lieutenant, March
1, 1863.

Sergt. Frederick Hayes, promoted to second lieutenant, March 1, 1863.

First Lieut. William H, Miller, resigned Dec. 16, 1862.

Second Lieut. Joseph H, Chadbourne, promoted to first lieutenant.

Capt. Henry F. Snow, honorably discharged, Nov. 19, 1862.

First Lieut. Almond O. Smart, promoted captain, Nov. 20, 1862.

Sergt. Edmund Bragdon, Jr., promoted to second lieutenant, Jan. 15,
1863.

Corp. Otis F. Russell, promoted to chaplain, Jan. 30, 1863.

Capt. Seth E. Bryant, resigned Nov. 24, 1862.

Second Lieut. Henry B. Osgood, promoted to first lieutenant.

Sergt. Henry Littlefield, promoted to second lieutenant.

Capt. William H. Jordan, honorably discharged, Jan. 28, 1863.

First Lieut. Frank H. Hutchins, promoted to captain.

Second Lieut. John McJellison, honorably discharged, Feb. 15, 1863.

Sergt. Horace L. Piper, promoted to second lieutenant.

Sergt. Henry J. Goodwin, promoted to first lieutenant.

To trace out at this late day the York County men who
did gallant and honorable service in other regiments would
be impossible.

16

 

GEN. WILLIAM M. MCARTHUR.

Gen. Wittiam M. McArraor, of Limington, at the
outbreak of the Rebellion, in April, 1861, raised a company
at his own expense, which was disbanded in May. In Sep-
ber, 1861, he raised another company, and was mustered
into the United States service as captain of Company I,
8th Maine Volunteers, in the same month, and with his
regiment formed part of the Port Royal expedition under
General Sherman and Admiral Dupont. In the spring of
1862, at the reduction and capture of Fort Pulaski, Georgia,
Capt. McArthur had command of the entire detail from his
regiment, and when a boat was sent by the general com-
manding to accept the surrender of the fort, another boat
was sent over with the regimental colors of the 8th Maine,
under charge of Capt. McArthur, in recognition of his ser-
vices and those of his men in Battery Sigel. The general
commanding, in his report to the Secretary of War, says,—

“Capt. McArthur, of the 8th Maine Vols., being highly praised by
different officers who witnessed his successful management of his men
at the batteries, deserves my commendation.”

In the summer and fall of 1863, Capt. McArthur was
made provost-marshal of the important military post of
Hilton Head, 8. C., the base of operations against Charles-
ton. In March, 1864, the-regiment was ordered to Vir-
ginia, and Capt. McArthur was commissioned major. Maj.
McArthur commanded the regiment during the latter part
of the battle of Drury’s Bluff (Col. Boynton having been
wounded), also at Gill’s Farm, and specially distinguished
himself at Cold Harbor and before Petersburg, June 13,
16, 17, and 18, 1864. On the 18th of June, Maj. Me-
Arthur was severely wounded, but rejoined his regiment in
August, before his wound was healed. He soon after was
commissioned lieutenant-colonel. At the battle near the
old Fair Oaks battle-ground, Lieut.-Col. McArthur was
most conspicuous for his intrepid bravery. He had the
charge of the skirmish line when nearly half of the line
were killed or wounded. At Spring Hill, in December,
1864, he commanded the fort, and conducted its defense
when it was surrendered by Longstreet’s corps; was com-
missioned colonel in March, 1865, and after the taking of
Richmond commanded the military post at Manchester,
Va., until November, 1865; was then placed in command
of the sub-district, Camp Hamilton and Hampton, Va.,
until his muster out of the United States service. On
leaving the service Col. McArthur was brevetted brigadier-
general upon the recommendation of Gen. Terry.

Gen. McArthur was slightly wounded in several actions
with the enemy, but declined to report himself. He was
also specially named in the official reports of many of the
actions in which he was engaged, for his coolness and
bravery.

CAPT. GEORGE A. DEERING.

Capt. George A. Deering, of Saco, received a recruiting
commission from Governor Washburn in June, 1862, and
at once proceeded to recruit men for the new regiments
then being raised. In August of that year he was mus-
tered into the service at Augusta, by Maj. Gardiner, as
second lieutenant of Co. F, 16th Maine Volunteers. He
participated in the first battle of Fredericksburg, under
122 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

Gen. Burnside, on the 13th of December of that year, and
for meritorious conduct on that occasion was promoted to
first lieutenant. He also shared in all the battles of the
Army of the Potomac up to the battle of Gettysburg. In
that battle he had command of Companies F, D, and A,
and late in the afternoon of the 1st of July, after the fall
of his corps commander, Gen. Reynolds, he, together with
his entire command, was captured by the enemy and
marched through the Shenandoah Valley to Richmond,
where he was confined in Libby prison for ten months.
He was afterwards sent to Macon, Ga., thence to Savannah,
and finally to Charleston, 8. C., where, during the months
of August and September, he, with other Union officers,
was confined in the jail-yard, under the fire of the guns
from Gen. Gillmore’s batteries on Morris Island. He was
then removed to Columbia, 8. C., where he remained until
Dec. 10, 1864, when, after having been subjected to rek el
cruelty, imprisonment, and-privation, he was so fortunate as
to effect his escape by assuming the name of a commis-
sary sergeant of an Ohio regiment who had died or was
not present to answer to his name at roll-call. During his
imprisonment he was promoted to the captaincy of his old
company (F), but his health had become so much impaired
by his confinement in Southern prisons that he did not re-
join his regiment till May 1, 1865, and was mustered out
of service at Washington in June following.

From the Bowdoin College roll of honor in the late war
we take the following:

CAPT. JAMES F. MILLER.

Born in Hollis, 1832; graduate of Bowdoin, 1856;
studied law and commenced practice in Portland; was ap-
pointed aid-de-camp to Governor Washburn, January,
1861 ; commanded for a time the 7th Maine, at Baltimore ;
was assistant adjutant-general, with rank of captain, Au-
gust, 1862, and under Gen. Shepley was assistant adjutant-
general and acting Secretary of State of Louisiana; was
appointed acting mayor of New Orleans, February, 1863 ;
April, 1864, accompanied Gen. Shepley to the Department
of Virginia and North Carolina; resigned from ill health,
July, 1864.

COL. HORACE H. BURBANK.

Born in Limerick, October, 1838 ; graduated at Bowdoin,
1860 ; began the study of law ; served as a private in 27th
Maine; was appointed quartermaster sergeant, December,
1862; was among those who volunteered to serve after
their time had expired for the defense of Washington,
during the invasion of Pennsylvania by Gen. Lee, in June
and July, 1863 ; commissioned captain of the 32d Maine;
taken prisoner at the explosion of the mine in front of
Petersburg, May, 1864, and confined at Danville, Va., and
Columbia, 8. C., seven months ; escaped and joined Sher-
man’s army; the 3lst and 32d Regiments being consoli-
dated, became captain of the 31st Maine, April 27, 1864,
and was discharged with the regiment, May 15, 1865.

In this same regiment were Capt. Isaac P. Fall, of South
Berwick ; First Lieut. John G. Whitten, of Alfred; Second
Lieuts. William B. Pierce and Albion L. Durgin, of Bid-
deford.

Others who entered the service from Bowdoin College,

 

natives of this county, were John Decring, born at Saco,
December, 1842; enlisted in the 13th Maine, January,
1862, and was discharged for disability in August, 1862.
Calvin L. Hayes, born in Kittery, March, 1842; enlisted as
a private in 1st Maine; sergeant-major 27th Maine, Sep-
tember, 1862; adjutant 32d Maine. James A. Bedell,
born in South Berwick, April, 1839; entered the army,
and died in the service.

Returns of bounties paid by towns of York County, from
the beginning of the war to Feb. 1, 1864:

 
 
 
 
   
  
 
    
   

  
    
   
 

Acton... seceeeeeeeee$11,780.00 = Limerick......... cse0s0000B12,154.00
Alfred ., . 12,900.00 Limington.. . 15,500.00
Berwick.. .. 17,908.00 Lyman . 12,440.00
Biddeford .«. 62,925.00 Newfield..... » 14,050.00
Buxton... .. 28,810.00 North Berwick 21,200.00
Cornish 7,800.00 Parsonsfield.... 17,200.00
Dayton. 4,400.00 Saco........ wee 44,460.00
Eliot. . 24,005.00  Shapleigh. sees 13,900.00
Hollis... .. 18,288.00  Santord....... . 21,840.00
Kennebunk...... .. 22,825.00 South Berwick. + 30,500.00
Kennebunkport......... 28,768.35 | Waterborough.. 19,909.00
Kittery. .. 38,964.00  Wells.. 4 « 44,950.00
Lebanon .......secceceeeee 29,564.00  YOrks..cceesccesseseeveeee 41,029.00

ROSTER OF SOLDIERS FROM YORK COUNTY IN
THE WAR OF THE REBELLION.

ACTON.

Avery, Charles H., Co, H, 12th Inf.; must. Nov. 15, 1861; disch. March 12,
1864.

Avery, Lorenzo, Co. H, 12th Inf.; must. Nov. 15, 1861; disch. July 9, 1864.

Applebee, Thomas W., Co. B, 5th Inf.; must, June 24, 1861; detached to q.m.
dept., 1863; disch. with regt., July 27, 1864.

Avery, Thomas H., Co. H, 13th Inf.; must. November, 1861.

Arey, Lorenzo, Co. F, 12th Inf.; must. 1861.

Bekker, John, Co. C, 15th Inf.; must. as sub. March 23, 1865.

Brown, Lorenzo F., Co. H, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company,
July 17, 1863.

Buzzell, Jacob L., Co. H, 27th Inf. ; must. Sept. 30,1862; disch. with company.

Chapman, Rufus, Co. F, 8th Inf.; must. Sept. 2, 1861; pro. to corp. ; disch. June
11, 1865.

Chute, Albion, Co. H, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Clarke, John E., Co. H, 27th Inf. ; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Drew, Theodore H., musician, Co. F, 8th Inf; must Sept. 7, 1861; re-enl.; died
June 7, 1865.

Dryer, Henri, Co. C, 1st Vet. Inf.; substitute ; must. Jan. 2, 1865; disch. with
company.

Fox, Alfred W., Co. F, 8th Inf.; must. Sept. 7, 1861; disch. on expiration of
term with old members of company.

Finn, John, Co. G, 15th Inf.; must. Feb. 9, 1865.

Gerrisb, Noah W., Co. H, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with com-
pany.

Gowell, Benjamin, Co. H, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Grant, George W., Co. H, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862 ; disch. with company.

Goodwin, Charles W., Co. D, 8th Inf.; must. Sept. 2, 1862; pro. to curp.; disch.
June 12, 1865,

Goodwin, Hiram L., Co. D, 8th Inf.; must. Aug. 16, 1863; wounded May 20,
1864; disch. June 12, 1865.

Garvin, Samuel H., sergt., Co. H, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with
company.

Goodwin, Calvin, Co. D, 8th Inf.; must. Sept. 13, 1862, June 25; missing Sept.
17, 1864, 7

Hoaley, Terrance, Co. A, 15th Inf.

Hussey, Ralph R., Co. H, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; pro. to 2d lieut., Nov.
20, 1862.

Horn, Rufus A., Co. H, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. June 20, 1864.

Hurd, Edwin, Co. H, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30,1862; disch. with company.

Hurd, George, Co. H, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Hurd, Sylvester, Co. H, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862.

Jones, Frederick, Co. I, 1st Vet. Inf.; must. April 13, 1864; wounded Sept. 19,
1864.

Lannon, John, Co. A, 1st Cav.; must. Feb. 19, 1864; missing.

Lord, Charles E., Co. H, 27th Inf.; must, Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Loud, Elbridge, Co. H., 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Maloney, Walter, Co. G, 15th Inf.; must. Feb. 9, 1865.

Meikle, Alexander, Co. —, unassigned Inf.; must. April 25, 1865; disch. May
19, 1865.

Marsh, Brackett D., Co. D, 27th Inf.; must. Oct. 15; missing Oct. 19, 1862.

Nason, John, Co. F, 8th Inf.; must. Sept. 2, 1862; trans. to Navy, 1863.

Penny, Winthrop N., Co. D, 8th Inf.; must. Aug. 16, 1862.

Pray, Joseph, Co. F, 8th Inf.; must. Aug. 6, 1862; died at Hilton Head, June
24, 1863,
WAR OF THE REBELLION. 123

 

Perkins, George, Co. H, 27th Inf.; must, Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Pray, Robert 0., Co. F, 8th Inf.; must. Aug. 23, 1862; died at Hilton Head,
July 23, 1863.

Prescott, Geo. L., unassigned Inf.; must. April 25,1865; disch. May 19, 1865.

Rines, George W., corp., Co. H, 27th Inf. ; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with com-
pany.

Reynolds, Jacob P., corp., Co. F, 8th Inf.; must. Sept. 7, 1861; pro. to sergt.;
disch. with old company.

Ricker, George E., Co. H, 2d Cay. ; must. Dec. 15, 1864; disch. Dec. 6, 1865.

Sanborn, Charles E., Co. K, 13th Inf.; must. Dec. 13, 1861.

Sanborn, Charles P., Co. H, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with com-
pany.

Stevens, John H., Co. B, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861; pro. to 1st lieut., Co. D,
1863.

Tuttle, Edwin, Co, H, 12th Inf.; must. Nov. 15, 1861.

Wentworth, Orange, Co. F, 8th Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1862; disch. June 11,1865.

Wiley, Samuel S., Co. D, 8th Inf.; must. Aug. 23, 1862.

Wentworth, Lewis H., Co. H, 27th Inf. ; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with com-
pany.

Wentworth, William, Co. H, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with com-
pany. 4

Wiggin, Mark N., Co. H, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Witham, Josiah W., Jr., Co. H, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30,1862; disch. with com-
pany.

Young, John W., Co. I, 8th Inf.; must. March 31, 1862; pro. to corp., June,
1863 ; died at Andersonville prison, Sept. 8, 1864.

FOREIGN ENLISTMENTS.

Applebee, William H., 9th New Hampshire Infantry.
Avery, Lorenzo, 4th New Hampshire Infantry.
Brackett, Cyrus H., 2d New Hampshire Infantry.
Butler, Wentworth, 6th New Hampshire Infantry.
Downes, Paul H., 6th New Hampshire Infantry.
Farnham, Caleb M., 9th New Hampshire Infantry.
Farnham, Hezekiah, 9th New Hampshire Infantry.
Huntress, Lorenzo D., 4th New Hampshire Volunteers.
Lord, Moses H., Illinois Regt.

Merrow, Thomas R., 12th Massachusetts Infantry.
Miller, Charles E., 4th New Hampshire Infantry.
Farnham, Paul, U.S. Navy.

ALFRED.

Bean, Rufus, Co. K, 13th Inf.; must. Dec. 31, 1861; disch. Feb. 17, 1864.

Bracey, Charles W., Co. F, 8th Inf.; must. Feb. 23, 1864; pro. to corp.

Bracey, John, Co. I, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company, July
17, 1863.

Brown, James H., Co. I, 27th Inf. ; must. Sept. 30, 1862; trans. to Navy, Aug. 1,
1864.

Blanchard, Stephen, corp., Co. I, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with
company.

Bracy, Benjamin F., Co. F, 32d Inf.; must. April 5, 1864; trans. Dec. 1, 1864.

Bardsley, Wright, 8th Inf.; must. Sept. 16, 1862.

Cluff, Eben, Co. I, Ist Cav.; must. Oct. 31, 1861; disch. March 10, 1862; re-enl.
Co. I, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. Dec. 23, 1862.

Cluff, George W., Co. I, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Downs, Lyman C., Co. F, 8th Inf.; must. September, 1861; nurse in hosp., 1863;
re-enl. Feb, 29, 1864; pro. bugler.

Doieg, Thomas, Co. I, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Doxey, John, Co. I, Ist Cav.; must. Oct. 31, 1861; disch. Nov. 25, 1864.

Friend, Tyler B., Co. F, 1st Cav.; must. Aug. 13, 1862; disch. May 28, 1865.

Ferguson, Charles H., Co. I, 1st Cav.; must. Oct. 31, 1861; prisoner May 2, 1863;
exchanged ; pro. corp.; disch. Nov. 25, 1864.

Goodrich, John H., Co. I, Ist Cav.; must. Oct. 31, 1861; disch. Nov. 25, 1864.

Harmon, Frederick M., corp., Co. I, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with
company.

Johnson, George A., 7th Bat. M. Art.; must. Dec. 30, 1863; discharged.

Moulton, Erastus, sergt., Co. I, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with
company.

Moulton, Chas. H., Co. I, 27th Inf.; must. Oct. 17, 1862; disch. with company.

Morgan, Michael, Co. —; recruit unassigned ; must. Sept. 12, 1862.

McLellan, George A., sergt., 7th Bat. M. Art.; must. Dec. 30, 1863; disch. with
company.

Nason, William H., Co. I, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Osgood, Henry B., 2d lieut., Co. I, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; pro. to 1st
lieut.; disch. with company.

Rowe, George W., Co. F, 8th Cav.; must. Feb. 23, 1863; died in Milton, Ga.,
prison, December, 1864.

Rowell, Wm. W., Co. H, 31st Inf.; must. April 21, 1864; trans. to Co. H; disch.
with company.

Rowell, William 0., 14th Inf., 1861; re-enl. Co. F, 31st Inf.; must. Apr. 4, 1864;
pro. musician; disch, with company.

Rowe, Charles C., Co. F, 8th Inf.; must. Sept. 7, 1861; wounded June 3, 1864;
disch. June 1, 1865.

Rowe, William, Co. F, 8th Inf.; must. Aug. 26, 1862; re-enl. Feb. 29, 1864;
wounded June 3, 1864; disch. June 11, 1865.

Rowe, William, Co. I, 1st Cav.; must. Oct. 31, 1861.

 

Ridley, Joseph H., Co. I, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Roberts, Alva, Co. I, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Roberts, Luke H., Co. I, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; pro. to corp.; disch.
with company.

Roberts, Byron, 1st sergt., Co. M, 2d Cav.; Sept. 2, 1864.

Roberts, John H., lieut., Co. F, 8th Inf.; must. Sept. 7, 1861.

Stanley, John R., Co. I, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Shackford, Gilman, Co. B, 8th Inf.; must. Aug. 22, 1862; died from wounds,
Aug. 18, 1864,

Smith, Samuel C., Co. I, lst Cav.; must. Oct. 31, 1861; pro. to Ist sergt., Sep-
tember, 1862.

Stevens, William, Co. —, 9th Inf.; must. Oct. 11, 1862.

Steward, Joseph, 9th Inf.; must. Oct. 11, 1862.

Tripp, Nahum G., Co. I, 1st Cav.; must. Oct. 31, 1861.

Trafton, William L., must. April 5, 1864; prisoner Sept. 30; trans. to Co. B.

Trafton, Osborne, Co. I, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1860; re-enl. as veteran ; died
of wounds, May 29, 1864.

Tripp, Pelatiah R., Co. I, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862 ; disch. with company.

Taylor, Wash’n C., Co. B, 8th Inf.; must. Aug, 25, 1862; disch. June 12, 1865.

Trafton. Hiram W., Co. F, 8th Inf.; must. Sept. 7, 1861; died at Hilton Head,
Nov. 17, 1861. ©

Whitten, John G., 1st lieut., Co. F, 31st Inf.; must. April 5, 1864; released pris-
oner; trans, to Co. A.

Whitten, Samuel, wagoner, Co. F, 31st Inf.; must. April 5, 1864 ; disch. 1865.

Wright, Charles L., Co. G, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; trans. to Vet. Res.
Corps, 1864.

Wormwood, Daniel, Jr., Co. I, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. Jan. 7,
1863.

Wormwood, John P., Co. I, 27th Inf. ; must. Sept. 30, 1862 ; disch. with company.

Wright, George C., Co. I, 27th Inf.; must, Sept. 30, 1862 ; disch. with company.

Whitten, Charles D., Co. F, 8th Inf.; must. Sept. 7, 1861; re-enl. Feb. 29, 1864;
pro. corp., 1865 ; disch. Jan. 18, 1866.

Witham, Albert F., Co. F, 8th Inf.; must. Sept. 7, 1861; re-enl. Feb. 29, 1864 ;
disch. March 14, 1866.

Whitten, John G., corp., Co. I, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; re-enl.; killed
in battle, July 30, 1864.

White, Joseph H., musician, Co. I, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with
company.

Welch, Ira M., Co. B, 8th Inf.; must. Aug. 25, 1862; wounded May 20, 1864;
disch. Aug. 25, 1865.

Yeaton, Lewis D, Co. F, 8th Inf.; must. Feb. 23, 1864,

Yeaton, Oliver R., Co. F, 8th Inf.; must. March 9, 1864; disch. Sept. 26, 1864.

FOREIGN ENLISTMENTS.
Allen, Timothy F., U. 8. Navy.
Johnson, Augustus, Massachusetts Vols.
Littlefield, John B., Massachusetts Vols.
Roberts, Bion, Massachusetts Vols.
Sayward, George H., U.S. Navy.

BERWICK.

Allen, Samuel L., Co. D, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company,
July 17, 1863,

Abbott, Charles C., musician, Co. 1, 8th Inf.; must, Aug. 26, 1862; disch. June
11, 1865.

Butler, William N., Co. D, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Bragdon, Benjamin H.

Bean, Lewis L., Co. D, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Berry, John, Co. D, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. Dec. 25, 1862.

Butler, Stephen F., Co. K, 14th Inf.

Clements, Henry, Co. D, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Clements, James H., Co. D, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with com-
pany.

Colony, Elbridge, Co. G, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; wounded at Gettys-
burg ; taken prisoner June 23, 1864; died Aug. 18, 1864.

Clements, John H., corp., Co. K, 14th Inf.

Clement, John H., Co. L, 2d Cav.; must. Dec. 24, 1863.

Dillingham, Seth, sergt., Co. F, 8th Inf.; must. Sept. 7, 1861.

Day, Jobn W., musician, Co. K, 14th Inf.

Deland, Ephraim J., Co. G, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; pro. to corp.; disch.
Nov. 25, 1862.

Doe, John F., Co. G, Ist Vet Inf.; must. Dec. 14, 1863; wounded June 3, 1863.

Eastman, George A., Co. G, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; wounded at Gettys-
burg; discharged.

Frost, George C., Co. K, 14th Inf.

Ford, Alvin A., Co. D, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Fullerton, David B., capt., Co. D, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; resigned Feb.
4, 1864.

Goodwin, James F., Co. G, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; disch. with com-
pany.

Guptill, George A., corp.

Goodwin, Charles H., Co. D, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; veteran; re-en-
listed.

Goodwin, Joseph B., Co. D, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; veteran; re-enlisted,

Gordon, Charles S., Co. D, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; veteran; re-enlisted.

Gibbs, Charles H., Co. L, 2d Cay.; must. Dec, 31, 1863; disch. June 3, 1865.

Guptill, John A., Co. D, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.
124 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

Hayes, Fred, Jr., Co. —, 5th Inf.; must. 1861.

Hurd, Robert F., Co. I, lst Cav.; must. Oct. 31, 1861.

Hill, John F., Co. I, 1st Cav.; must. Aug. 27, 1862; disch. May 28, 1865.

Ham, Charles H., Co. G, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; wounded May 5, 1864;
disch. with company.

Horne, John B., Co. G, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; trans. to Vet. Res. Corps,
1864,

Hurd, Francis E., Co. G, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; killed at Gettysburg,
July 2.

Hurd, Nathaniel N., 1st sergt., Co. D, 27th Inf.; must. Oct. 15, 1862; disch. ~

with company, July 17, 1863.
Hayes, Frederick, sergt., Co. D, 27th Inf.; must. Oct. 15, 1862; pro. to lieut.,
March 1, 1863.
Hurd, Thomas H., corp., Co. D, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with
company.
Hurd, John H., wagoner, Co. D, 27th Inf.; must, Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with
company.
Hanson, Lewis B., Co. D, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.
Hanscom, William L., Co. D, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch, with com-
pany.
Hardison, Ezra H., Co. D, 27th Inf. ; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.
Hersom, John H., Co. D, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.
Hanscom, George, Co. K, Ist Vet. Inf.; must. Aug. 24, 1864.
Holmes, Thomas, Co. E, 9th Inf.; must. July 27, 1863; disch. with company.
Hayes, Frederick, sergt., Co. D, 27th Inf.; must. Oct. 5, 1862; pro. to 2d lieut.,
March 1, 1863.
Knox, William K., Co. D, 11th Inf.; must. April 5, 1865; disch. April 5, 1866,
Knox, Daniel E., Co. D, lst Bat. Inf.; must. April 5, 1865; pro. to corp.; disch.
April 5, 1866.
Lord, Ezekiel 8., Co. D, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.
Lamos, Lord W., Co. G, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; pro. to corp. and sergt.,
1863 ; pro. to lst sergt. and 2d lieut., Co. K, 1864.
Laird, William H., Co. G, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; trans. to artillery,
1862.
Lord, Charles P., sergt., Co. F, 8th Inf. ; must. Sept. 7, 1861.
Lord, Timothy H., corp., Co. D, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; pro. to sergt. ;
disch. with company.
Marshall, Casper E., wagoner, Co. F, 8th Inf.; must. Sept. 7, 1861.
Mathews, Charles W., Co. K, 14th Inf.
Manson, William G., Co. K, 14th Inf.
Manning, George F., Co. D, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with com-
pany.
Miller, Mark, Co. D, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; died May 4, 1864.
Nute, Ivory H., Co. D, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; pro. to corp.; disch.
with company.
Pinkham, Isaiah, Jr., sergt., Co. K, 14th Inf.; pro. to lst sergt.; disch. 1863.
Pinkham, Francis, Co. G, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; pro. to corp. and sergt.,
1864.
Pray, James E. S., Co. G, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; pro. to hospital stew-
ard, 1864.
Pierce, Charles A., Co. D, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; pro. to corp.; disch.
with company.
Pray, William A., Co. D, 27th Inf.; must. Oct. 15, 1862; disch. with company.
Parshley, Frank B., Co. I, 20th Inf.; trans, from 16th Maine; must. Oct. 6,
1864; disch. with company.
Roberts, Stephen H., Co. G, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; pro. to sergt., 1863;
wounded and taken prisoner, May 5, 1864.
Roberts, James A., Co. G, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; pro. to corp.
Roberts, Ebenezer, Co, G, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; detached to Provost
Guard, 1863; disch. with company.
Robinson, James B., Co. G, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; trans. to Vet. Res.
Corps, 1864.
Rowe, Seth W., Co. G, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; disch. Oct. 1, 1863.
Roberts, Joseph.
Randall, Samuel P., veteran, Co. F, 32d Inf.; must. April 5, 1864; trans, from
Co, A, 31st Maine; pro. to corp.; disch. with company.
Roberts, Joseph I., sergt., Co. D, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; died May 9,
1863.
Sweet, Dyer W., band, 9th Inf.; must. Sept. 22, 1861; disch. by general order,
in 1862,
Stevens, Jacob, corp., Co, K, 14th Inf.
Stillings, Eli N., Co. E, 14th Inf.; must. Jan. 8; disch. June 15, 1862.
Spencer, Alvin B., Co. I, 1st Cav.; must. Aug. 21, 1862.
Simpson, Sylvanus R., Co. D, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; wounded May 3,
1868; pro. to corp.; pro. to sergt.; re-enlisted; detached.
Shaw, J. Lyman, Co. D, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; trans, to Co. B, 30th
Inf.
Stillings, Calvin, Co. D, 27th Inf.; must. Oct, 15, 1862; disch. with company.
Tibbetts, George H. W., Co. K, 14th Inf.
Tweedie, James, Co. B, lst Cav.; must. Feb. 26, 1864; trans. from D. C. Cav.
Vaughan, John, Co. G, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; disch. Nov. 6, 1863.
Whitehouse, Charles F., Co. G, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; pro. to sergt.;
taken prisoner; exchanged; disch. May 26, 1865.
Wentworth, Henry R., Co. G, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; disch. May 18,
1865.
Walker, James M., Co. G, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; disch. Feb, 5, 1863.
Willey, Nicholas D., Co, K, 14th Inf.

 

Wentworth, William H., Co. K, 14th Inf.

Wyman, Joseph, Co. —, 7th Inf.; must. Aug. 21, 1861; disch. June 7, 1862.

Wentworth, Jacob, Co. F, 4th N. H. Inf.; enl. 1861; pro. to corp.; re-enlisted ;
disch, at end of war.

Wentworth, William H., Co. L, 2d Cav.; must. Dec. 24, 1863; trans, to Navy,
1865,

Wentworth, Horace, 5th Mass. Inf.; under first call for troops; was in the Bal-
timore mob; re-enl. in 30th Mass. Inf.; disch. for disability in 1863.

Wallingford, George, Co. G, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; wounded; disch.
Nov. 29, 1864.

Willey, Orrin, Co. E, 3d Inf.; must, Sept. 29, 1863.

Williams, Gilbert, Co. D, Ist Me. Cav.; must. Feb. 26, 1864; trans. from D. C,
Cav. |

West, James, Co. A, 31st Inf.; must. May 3, 1864.

FOREIGN ENLISTMENTS.

Bean, David F., 6th New Hampshire Infantry.
Coffin, Charles E., 13th Masaachusetts Infantry.
Connor, Thomas, U. 8. Navy.

Devine, Patrick, 10th New Hampshire Infantry.
Drewy, John, U. 8. Navy.

Doherty, Richard, 10th New Hampshire Infantry.
Dore, John, 10th New Hampshire Infantry.

Dore, Orrin Q., 4th New Hampshire Infantry.
Flannigan, Edward, 9th New Hampshire Infantry.
Gordon, Ezra B., 9th New Hampshire Infantry.
Guptill, ——, Massachusetts Volunteers.

Goodwin, David L., U. 8. Navy.

Hamblin, Patrick, U. S. Army.

Hamblin, John, 12th New Hampshire Infantry.
Hayes, Hiram, 6th New Hampshire Infantry.

Hayes, John A., 11th New Hampshire Infantry.
Holmes, John, 7th New Hampshire Infantry.

Hurd, George, 24 New Hampshire Volunteers.

Hurd, Hiram, 4th New Hampshire Volunteers.
Kenniston, Horace B., —— New Hampshire Volunteers.
Kenniston, John, —— New Hampshire Volunteers.
Knox, Samuel, 5th New Hampshire Volunteers.
Knox, William H., 5th New Hampshire Volunteers.
Mahoney, John, Jr., 4th New Hampshire Volunteers.
McGroty, Hugh, 34 New Hampshire Volunteers.
McGroty, James, 3d New Hampshire Volunteers.
McGroty, John, 12th Ohio Infantry.

McLaughlin, John, 7th New Hampshire Infantry.
McLaughlin, Michael, 9th New Hampshire Infantry.
Merrow, Hiram, 6th New Hampshire Infantry.
Mausise, Cornelius L., U. S. Navy.

Murphy, James, 7th New Hampshire Infantry.
McCube, Franklin, U. 8. Army.

Noble, Samuel, 4th New Hampshire Infantry.

Porter, Festus, —— New Hampshire Volanteers.
Pierce, George, 4th New Hampshire Volunteers.
Pierce, John, 4th New Hampshire Volunteers.
Proctor, ——.

Rundlett, Charles §., 9th New Hampshire Infantry.
Randall, Reuben, 11th New Hampshire Infantry.
Randall, Charles E., 6th New Hampshire Infantry.
Ricker, Reuben H., 6th New Hampshire Infantry.
Stillings, Ivory R., 35th Massachusetts Iufautry.
Stillings, Samuel W., U.S. Navy.

Sanders, Charles B., 11th New Hampshire Infantry.
Spencer, John, 13th Massachusetts Infantry.

Trafton, Henry 0., —— New Hampshire Volunteers.
Tibbetts, Isaac, ——- New Hampshire Volunteers.
Thompson, James, 9th New Hampshire Infantry.
Wallingford, Amos, 3d New Hampshire Volunteers.
Wallingford, James G., 3d New Hampshire Volunteers.
Wingate, Orrin P., —— New Hampshire Volunteers.
Wentworth, Charles H., 4th New Hampshire Volunteers.
Wentworth, Jacob, 4th New Hampshire Volunteers.
Wentworth, Joseph H., 7th New Hampshire Volunteers.

BIDDEFORD.

Adams, Israel, corp., Co. B, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861; killed at Gaines’
Mills, June 27, 1862.

Adams, Oliver B., Co. B, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861, wounded May 3, 1863;
disch. with company, July 27, 1864.

Ayer, Charles H., Co. B, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861.

Adams, William J., Co. G, 5th Inf.; must. June 23, 1861; missing July 27, 1861.

Andrews, Ingalls, Co. I, 8th Inf.; must. Aug. 19, 1862; disch. Oct, 7, 1863.

Abbott, David, Co. E, 9th Inf.; must, Sept. 22, 1861; pro. to corp.; disch. Sept.
27, 1864.

Abbott, William, Co. E, 9th Inf.; must. Sept. 22, 1861; killed July 20, 1864.

Ayer, George S., corp., Co. A, 10th Inf.; must. Oct. 4, 1861; wounded Aug. 9;
disch. Nov, 2, 1862.
WAR OF THE REBELLION. 125

 

 

 

 

Annis, Charles H., Ist sergt., Co. K, 13th Inf. ; must. Dec, 13, 1861; pro. to capt.,
Corps d’Afrique.

Andrews, Simon §., sergt., Co. K, 13th Inf.; must. Dec. 13, 1861; pro. to 1st
sergt.; re-enlisted; pro. to lieut., April 18, 1864.

Andrews, Stephen, corp., Co. K, 13th Inf.; must. Dec. 18, 1861; disch, May 12,
1863.

Andrews, George R., Co. K, 13th Inf.; must. Dec, 13, 1861; pro. to sergt., 1864;
transferred.

Andrews, Stephen E., Co, K, 13th Inf.; must. Dec. 18, 1861; trans. to 30th Vet.
Regt., 1864; disch. Aug. 20, 1865.

Averill, George W., Co. K, 13th Inf.; must. Jan. 2, 1862; disch. May 6, 1862.

Andrews, Chase, corp., Co. F, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with com-
pany, July 17, 1863,

Adams, Lucien, Co. F, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch, with company,
July 17, 1863.

Ames, Noah 8, Co. K, 30th Inf.; must. Jan. 14, 1864; trans. to Vet. Reserve
Corps, 1865.

Andrews, Simon 8., capt.,Co. K, 30th Inf.; veteran ; must. April 18, 1864;
disch. Aug. 20, 1865,

Ayers, Charles W., Co. F, 31st Inf.; must. April 5, 1864; disch. with company.

Adams, William, Co. F, 31st Inf.; must. April 5, 1864; disch. with company.

Allen, Arthur, Co. D, 1st Bat. Inf.; must. April 5, 1865 ; disch. Oct. 3, 1865.

Andrews, Atwood A., Co. D, 2d Cay.; must. Oct. 12, 1864; disch. Oct. 5, 1865.

Andrews, Ira, capt., Co. A, Coast Guards Art.; must. Oct. 28, 1861; disch. Sept.
13, 1862.

Armour, Samuel G,, Co. A, Coast Guards Art.; must. Oct. 28, 1861; disch. Sept.
13, 1862.

Andrews, Ira, 1st lieut., Coast Guards; must. Oct. 28, 1861; disch. Sept. 13, 1862.

Andrews, John R., Ist lieut., Co. H, lst Cav.; must. 1861; disch. Dec. 5, 1864.

Boardman, Wim. H., 5th Inf. Band; must, June 24, 1861; disch. August, 1862.

Brackett, Samuel B., sergt., Co. B, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861; pro. to Ist
sergt.; disch. with company.

Bacon, George W., Co. B, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861; killed May 10, 1864,

Bean, Aaron H., Co. B, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861; disch. with company.

Berry, Cyrus P., Co. B, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861; pro. to corp.; re-enl, Jan-
uary, 1864, in Ist Maine Vet. Regt.

Brackett, Peter, Co. B, 5th Inf.; must, June 24, 1861; re-enl. Feb. 16, 1864.

Brown, Charles H., Co. B, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861; disch. with company,

Butler, Wentworth, Co. B, 5th Inf.; must. June 24,1861; disch. with company.

Berry, Robert, Co. B, 5th Inf.; must, Sept. 8, 1862; trans. to Ist Maine Vets.

Baker, Alvert, Co, C, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861; taken prisoner, Nov. 27
1863,

Buzzell, Hozea Q., Co. G, 5th Inf.; niust. June 23, 186] ; taken prisoner at Bull
Run.

Burns, John, Co. G, 8th Inf.; must. Aug. 28, 1862; disch. June 11, 1865.

Baker, Francis, Co. G, 8th Inf.; must. Aug. 21, 1862; wonnded June 18, 1864;
disch. March 17, 1865.

Burns, Patrick, Co, G, 8th Inf.; must. Aug. 28, 1862; missing in action, Oct. 27,
1864.

Brogan, Thomas, Co. G, 8th Inf.; must. Aug. 28, 1862; trans. tu Vet. Res. Corps
May 21, 1864.

Brown, John, Co. G, 8th Inf.; must. Aug. 27, 1862; taken prisoner, June 18,
1864; died at Andersonville, Ga., Aug. 25, 1864.

Bardsley, Wm., Co. G, 8th Inf.; must, Aug. 28, 1862; pro. to corp. and sergt.;
detached in Maine; disch. June 19, 1865.

Bardsley, Wright, Co. G, 8th Inf.; must. Aug. 16, 1862.

Bragdon, Edward P. M., corp., Co. A, 10th Inf.; must. Oct. 4, 1861; trans. with
company to 29th Inf., May 31, 1864.

Benson, Henry, Co. A, 10th Inf.; must. Oct. 4, 1861; taken prisoner, May 25,
1862.

Brady, Joseph, Co. A, 10th Inf.; must. Oct. 4, 1861; trans, with company.

Brady, Michael, Co. A, 10th Inf.; must. Oct. 4, 1861; missing May 31, 1863.

Bond, Robert D., Co. B, 10th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; wounded at Antietam;
disch. Dec. 22, 1862.

Brackett, John H., Co. K, 13th Inf.; must. Dec. 28, 1861; taken prisoner, April
9, 1864.

Blake, Oliver D., sergt., Co. I, 17th Inf.; must, Aug. 18, 1862; disch. with com-
pany, June 4, 1865. y

Bradbury, Thomas C., Co. I, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; pro. to corp. and
sergt.; wounded June 17, 1864; disch. with company.

Blanchard, Thomas, Co. K, 17th Inf.; must. Sept. 9, 1863 ; trans. to Navy, April
12, 1864,
Boothby, Putnam §&., Co, K, 17th Inf.; must. Feb. 17, 1863; wounded at Chan-
cellorsville} pro. to 1st lieut. and acting adjutant, February, 1863.
Bridges, Thomas C., Co. I, 20th Inf.; must. Aug. 29, 1862; disch. Dec. 14, 1862.
Buck, Thomas H., Co. I, 20th Inf.; must. Aug. 29, 1862; pro. to corp.; disch.
1864,

Brackett, Lorenzo D., corp., Co. F, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862 ; pro. to sergt. ;
disch, with company.

Bisbee, Charles D., Co. F, 27th Inf.; must. Sept, 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Blood, Charles H., Co. F, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Burnham, Eben, Co. F, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company,
July 17, 1863.

Burnham, Elbridge, Co. F, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with com-
pany, July 17, 1863.

Burnham, Francis M., Co. F, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with come
pany, July 17, 1863.

’

?

 

Burns, James, Co. F, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company, July
17, 1863,

Berry, Charles B., Co. E, 29th Inf. ; must. Nov. 18, 1863, vet. organization.

Bowden, Charles, Co. A, 31st Inf.; must. March 3, 1864; taken prisoner, Sept.
30, 1864; trans, to Co. A, 32d Inf., in 1865.

Brown, Charles H., Co. K, 31st Inf.; must. May 6, 1864; disch. July 6, 1865.

Buzzell, William R., Co. K, 31st Inf. ; must. May 6, 1864; disch. Aug. 14, 1865.

Benson, Thomas, Co. A, 32d Inf.; must. May 3, 1864; wounded May 12; disch.
Sept. 2, 1864.

Brown, Charles H., musician, Co. K, 32d Inf.; must. May 6, 1864; trans. 1865.

Bickford, John H., 1st District Columbia Cav.; must. Feb. 9, 1864.

Brusos, Peter, Co, E, Ist Cav.; must. Feb. 10, 1864; disch. with company, Aug.
1, 1865.

Blanchard, David D., Co. E, 1st Cav.; must. Dec. 3, 1864.

Boothby, George W., Co. E, 1st Cav. ; must, Nov. 16, 1864 ; disch. June 20, 1865.

Bryant, John, Co. E, Ist Cav.; must. Dec. 2, 1863; trans, to Navy, March, 1864,

Burnbam, Thomas 8., 6th Bat. Mounted Art.; must. Sept. 26, 1864; disch. with
company.

Brackett, Peter, Co. B, Ist Vet. Inf.; must. Feb. 15, 1864; disch. June 28, 1865.

Berry, Robert, Co. B, Ist Vet. Inf.; must. Feb. 8, 1862; disch. June 28, 1865.

Berry, Cyrus P., Co. B, lat Vet. Inf. ; must. Jan. 4, 1864; disch, June 28, 1865.

Brackett, Edwin C., Co. B, 1st Vet. Inf.; must. Jan. 28, 1864; disch. June 28,
1865.

Bullock, William R. T., Co. B, 2d Cav.; must. Sept. 29, 1864; disch. Sept. 15,
1865.

Bullock, Daniel S., Co. B, 2d Cav.; must. Sept. 29, 1864; disch. Sept. 29, 1865.

Bean, George, corp., Co. A, Coast Guards Art.; must. Oct, 28, 1861; disch. with
company, Sept. 13, 1862.

Bryant, Mark, corp., Co. A, Coast Guards Art.; must. Oct. 28, 1861; disch. with
company, Sept. 13, 1862.

Billings, George E., Co. A, Coast Guards Art.; must. Oct. 28, 1861; disch. with
company, Sept. 13, 1862.

Boothby, Sylvester, lieut., Co. A, Coast Guards Art.; must. March 22, 1861; re-
signed March 22, 1862.

Boothby, Putnam &., Ist lieut., Co. I, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18; disch. Dec. 2,
1862.

Cleaves, Charles F., 5th Inf. Band; must. June 24, 1861; disch. August, 1862.

Chadbourne, Horace R., Co. B, 5th Inf,; must. June 24, 1861; re-enl. in 1st
Maine Vet. Regt.

Cousens, Prentice M., Co. B, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861; disch. with com-
pany.

Crouch, Daniel, Co. D, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861; missing Sept. 1, 1863.

Connelly, John T., Co. G, 7h Inf.; must. June 29, 1863; trans. to 1st Vet. Inf.

Carnley, Patrick, Co. G, 8th Inf.; must. Aug. 19, 1862 ; disch. June 11, 1865,

Cleaves, James T., Co, II, 8th Inf.; must. Aug. 9, 1862; pro. to corp.; disch.
June 11, 1865.

Chapman, Isaac, Co. E, 9th Inf.; must. Sept. 22, 1861; disch. Sept. 27, 1864.

Callaghan, Patrick, Co, I, 13th Inf. ; must. Jan. 9, 1862 ; re-enl. 1864 ; transferred.

Cressy, Edward P., Co. K, 18th Inf.; must. Dec. 13, 1861; disch. Jan. 15, 1864.

Coburn, Edward, Co. K, 13th Inf.; must. Feb. 17, 1862 ; re-enl. 1864; trans. to
30th Vet. Inf.; disch. Aug. 20, 1865.

Cleaves, Daniel, Co. I, 20th Inf.; must. Aug. 29, 1862; disch. Sept. 15, 1863.

Cary, Michael, Co. F, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Chadwick, Nathan A., Co. F, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with
company.

Chapman, Charles, Co. F, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Clough, Charles H., Co. F, 27th Inf. ; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Clough, George W., Co. F, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Cole, John W., Co. F, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Cole, Robert, Co. F, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Cram, Patrick, Co. F, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Cribby, George, Co. F, 27th Inf. ; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Came, Lawrence, veteran, Co. E, 29th Inf.; must. Nov. 13, 1863; disch. Aug.
22, 1865.

Centre, John W., veteran, Co. G, 29th Inf.; must. Jan. 18, 1865; disch. Jan.
19, 1866.

Clough, George W., Co. F, 31st Inf.; must. April 5, 1864; trans. to 32d Inf.

Carter, George W., Co. D, 1st Bat. Inf.; must. April 5, 1865; disch. with com-
pany, April 5, 1866.

Clough, Charles H. (2d), Co. L, 2d Cav.; must. Dec. 24, 1863.

Chapman, Edwin F., Co. I, 1st Cav.; must. Oct. 28, 1863; disch. with company.

Coombs, Thomas N., Co. I, 1st Cav.; must. Oct. 31, 1861; disch. June 16, 1864.

Cummings, John G., Co. I, 1st Cav.; must. Sept. 6, 1862; disch. May 28, 1865.

Carey, John, 1st Bat. M. Art.; must. Sept. 16, 1864; disch. 1865.

Clark, Samuel, 1st Bat. M. Art.; must. Sept. 29, 1864; disch. 1865.

Cutler, Israel, 2d Bat. M. Art.; must. Oct. 6, 1864; disch. with company.

Cadorette, Euzebe, Cu. A, Ist Vet. Inf.; must. Sept. 26, 1862; disch. June 20,
1865.

Clark, Alonzo C., Co. A, Coast Guards Art.; must. Oct. 28,1861; disch. with
company.

Crediford, Oliver, Co. F, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861; disch. March 5, 1862.

Cowan, Lewis O., capt., Co. I, Ist Cay. ; must. Oct. 31, 1861; disch. Dec. 2, 1862.

Chadbourne, Paul, Ist lieut., Co. I, lst Cav.; must. Oct. 31, 1861; pro. to capt.

Dickinson, James, band, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861; disch. by Congressional
legislation, August, 1862.

Dexter, Charles B., Ist sergt., Co. B, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861 ; pro. to Heut.
Co. A.
126 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

Davis, Henry F., Co. B, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861.

Davis, Thomas, Co. B, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861

Dearborn, George E., Co. B, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861.

Dearborn, Henry A., Co. B, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861.

Downs, Joseph, Co. G, 8th Inf.; must. Aug. 28, 1862; taken prisoner, June 18;
died at Andersonville, Ga., Sept. 24, 1864.

Dolan, Thomas, Co. G, 8th Inf.; must. Aug. 19, 1862; disch. May 9, 1862.

Davis, William S., sergt., Co. A, 10th Inf.; must. Oct. 4, 1861; taken prisoner,
Aug. 9, 1862; trans. to 29th Inf.

Donovan, Jeremiah, Co. A, 10th Inf.; must. Oct. 4, 1861; trans. to 29th Inf.

Dunn, John, Co. A, 10th Inf.; must. Oct. 16, 1861; trans. to 29th Inf.

Dyer, Stephen H., Co. A, 10th Inf.; must. Oct. 4, 1861; pro. to corp.; trans. with
company, 1864.

Drake, Luther H., Co. B, 10th Inf.; must. Aug. 4, 1861.

Dearborn, Thomas, Co. C, 10th Inf.; must. March 23, 1862; taken prisoner at
Culpepper Court-House, Va.; disch. Dec. 6, 1862.

Dunn, James, Co. K, 13th Inf.; must. Jan. 23, 1862; re-enl, 1864; transferred.

Dyer, George F., Co. H, 16th Inf.; must. Aug. 14, 1862; trans. 1864.

Davis, Charles A., Co. E, 27th Inf.; must. Oct. 15, 1862; disch. with company.

Durgin, Albion L., sergt., Co. F, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; re-enl. April
5, 1864; trans. to 31st Inf.

Durgin, Almon C., corp., Co. F, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; re-enl. April 5,
1864; trans. to 31st Inf.

Drew, John, Co. F, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; re-enl. April 5, 1864; trans.
to 31st Inf.

Doyle, John, Co. E, 29th Vet. Inf.; must. Nov. 13, 1863; disch. Aug. 22, 1865.

Dolan, Michael, Co. H, 30th Inf.; must. Jan. 6, 1864; missing Jan. 12, 1864.

Dunn, James, Co. K, 30th Vet. Inf.; must. Feb. 29, 1864; disch. Aug. 20, 1865.

Davis, Nath. C., Co. F, 31st Inf.; must. April 5, 1864; pro. to corp.; transferred.

Dermont, Worth E., Co. K, 31st Inf. ; must. May 6, 1864; missing June 2, 1864.

Davis, Abram E., Co. K, 31st Inuf.; must. May 6, 1864; died in rebel prison.

Downes, George M., Vet. Res.; must. March 25, 1865.

Donovan, Jeremiah, Vet. Res.; must. April 7, 1865.

Durgin, Almon C., Co. L, 2d Cav.; must. Dec. 30, 1863.

Duchaen, E. L, T., Co. D, 1st Cav.; must. Oct. 12, 1864; appointed saddler.

Drew, Frederick C., corp., Co. I, lst Cav.; must. Aug. 27, 1862; pro. to sergt.;
disch. May 28, 1865.

Davis, Charles A., Co. A, Coast Guards Art.; must. Oct. 28, 1861; disch. with
company.

Dexter, Chas. B., capt., Co. A, 5th Inf.; must. Nov. 1, 1862; disch. July 27, 1864.

Edson, John, Co. B, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861.

Elliot, Joseph, Co. B, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861.

Elliot, Timothy, Co. B, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861; pro. to corp; wounded;
disch. with company.

Emerson, Chas. A., Co. B, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861; died, 1863, on gunboat.

Emery, Jotham, Co. K, 8th Inf.; must. Oct. 3, 1862; disch. Oct. 3, 1865.

Emerson, Stillman H., Co. B, 10th Inf.; must. Aug. 26, 1862; trans. 1864.

Ellis, Thomas, Jr., Co. K, 13th Inf.; must. Dec. 28, 1861; re-enl. 1864; trans.
to 30th Vet.; missing Feb. 2, 1865.

Edton, William F., corp., Co. K, 13th Inf.; must. Dec. 13, 1861; pro. to sergt.;
re-enl, 1864; trans. to 30th Vet. Inf.; disch. Aug. 20, 1865.

Emery, John F., Co. D, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; pro. to musician ; disch,
with company.

Emery, John H., musician, Co. E, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with
company.

Edgerly, Samuel H., Co. F, 27th Inf. ; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Elliot, William L., Co. F, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Emmons, Joseph R., Co. K, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862 ; disch. with company.

Emery, Joseph E., Co. A, 31st Inf.; must. March 3, 1864; disch. July 15, 1865.

Edgcomb, John, Co. A, 32d Inf.; must. March 3, 1864; wounded May 12, 1864;
trans. to 31st Maine Regt.

Ellis, Cutts D., Co. M, 2d Cav.; must, Sept. 26, 1864; disch. Sept. 29, 1865.

Edwards, Joseph, lieut., Co. A, Coast Guards Art.; must, Oct. 28, 1861; resigned
March 22, 1862.

Fenderson, William B., q.m. sergt. 5th Inf.; must. June, 1861; pro. to q.m.

Foster, Charles P., sergt., Co, B, 5th Inf.; must, June 24, 1861; disch, with
company.

Foss, Walter, sergt., Co. B, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861; pro. to 1st sergt.;
re-enl. Dec. 28, 1863; trans. to Vet. Res. Corps.

Friend, Dennis W., Co. B, 5th Inf.; must. Aug. 27, 1862; detached; taken
prisoner, Nov. 27, 1863. :

Fenderson, John P., Co. E, 9th Inf.; must, Sept. 22, 1861; disch. Sept. 27, 1864.

Fletcher, Sidney W., Co. A, 10th Inf.; must. Oct. 4, 1861; re-enl. February, 1864;
trans. to Veteran Regiment; disch. June 21, 1868,

Fellows, Julien F., Co, K, 13th Inf.; must. Dec. 13, 1861; re-enl. 1864; missing.

Foss, Edward, Oo. K, 13th Inf.; must. Dec. 13, 1861; disch. with company.

Foote, John D., Co. K, 13th Inf.; must. Jan. 2, 1862; re-enl. 1864; transferred.

Flinn, George, Co. K, 13th Inf.; must. Feb. 11, 1862; disch. Sept. 29, 1863.

Frost, Thomas, Co. K, 13th Inf.; must. Jan. 2, 1862; disch. April 9, 1862.

Foss, William A., corp., Co. F, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with com-
pany.

Foss, Edward L., Co. I’, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Fuller, Edwin, corp., Co. F, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862 ; disch. with company.

Foss, Charles F., Co. E, 29th Vet. Inf.; must. Nov. 13, 1863; disch. Aug. 22,
1865.

Foote, John D., Co. K, 30th Vot. Inf.; must. Feb. 29,1864; disch. July 11, 1865.

Fellows, Samuel, Co, E, Ist Cay.; must. Aug. 19, 1862; disch. May 29, 1865.

 

Foss, Augustus W., 6th Bat. M. Art.; must. Sept. 27, 1864; disch. May 13, 1865.

French, George W., Co. A, Ist Vet. Inf.; must. Jan. 19, 1864; disch. June 28,
1865.

Fletcher, Israel L., Co. A, Coast Guards Art.; must. Oct. 22, 1861; disch. with
company.

Garvin, Edwin, Co. B, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861.

Getchell, James, Co. B, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861.

Gilman, Joseph M., Co. B, 5th Inf.; must. June 24,1861; disch. 1862.

Goodwin, John W., Co. B, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861; wounded at Crampton
Gap.

Goodwin, Sumner L., Co. B, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861; disch. with com-
pany.

Gillman, Stephen, Co. A, 13th Inf.; must. Dec. 12, 1861; died Aug. 9, 1862.

Goodwin, Jobn B., Co. K, 13th Inf.; must. Dec. 13, 1861; disch. with company.

Gordon, Ebenezer H., Jr., Co. K, 13th Inf.; must. Dec. 13, 1861; disch, June 30,
1862.

Gallagher, Edward H., Co. F, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with com-
pany.

Goodwin, Alonzo, Co. F, 27th Inf. ; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Goodwin, Frank, Co. F, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Gowen, Walter A., Co. F, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Gray, William S., Co. F, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. Feb. 10, 1863.

Guptill, Daniel, Co. F, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Goodrich, Albion G., Co. C, 30th Inf. ; must. Dec. 19, 1863; died in hospital, Jan.
20, 1864.

Grant, Alexander, corp., Co. K, 32d Inf. ; must. May 6, 1864; disch. Dec. 12, 1864.

Goodrich, William, Co. K, 32d Inf.; must. May 6, 1864; died Sept. 1, 1864,

Grimes, John, 1st sergt., lst Bat. M. Art.; must. Jan. 27, 1863. /

Gurney, Isaac P., sergt., Co. I, Ist Cav.; must. Sept. 1, 1862; died in prison,
Sept. 28, 1864.

Gearey, Charles B., Co. I, lst Cav.; must. Feb. 5, 1864; disch. with company.

Grimes, John, sergt., Ist Bat. M. Art.; must. Jan. 1, 1864; pro. to Ist lieut.;
disch, with company, 1865.

Goodale, Elbridge, Co. D, 2d Cay.; must. Sept. 27,1864; disch. Aug. 29, 1865.

Gookings, William H., Co. H, 2d Cav. ; must. Sept. 26, 1864; disch. Aug, 29, 1865.

Gray, William S., Co. A, Coast Guards Art.; must. Oct. 22, 1861; disch. with
company.

Goodbehere, Joseph S., Ist District Columbia Cav.; must. Feb. 19, 1864.

Goodwin, Amos G., Ist lieut., Co. K, 13th Inf.; must. Dec. 18, 1861; trans. to
Co. G, 1862.

Grimes, John, Ist lieut., 1st M. Art.; must. Jan. 18,1865; disch. July 15, 1865.

Goodwin, Lewis B., 1st lieut., Co. B, 5th Inf.; must. May 20, 1861; pro. to capt.

Goodwin, Amos G., capt., Co. G, 13th Inf.; must. Sept. 19, 1862; pro. to maj. of
Regiment.

Holman, Daniel H., 5th Inf. Band; must. June 24, 1861; disch. August, 1862.

Hanson, Moses M., Co. B., 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861.

Henney, Thomas, Co. B, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861; pro. to corp.; disch.
with company.

Hodsdon, Billings, Co. B, 5th Inf. ; must. June 24, 1861; pro. to corp. and sergt. ;
re-enl, in 1st Maine Vet. Regt.

Hutchings, Robert C., Co. B, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861.

Hunter, John, Co. B, 7th Inf.; must. Dec. 4, 1862.

Hurley, Dennis, Co. G, 8th Inf.; must. Aug. 20, 1862; prisoner at Drury’s
Bluff, May 16; died at Andersonville, Aug. 4, 1864.

Heton, Adam, Co. G, 8th Inf.; must. Aug. 19, 1862; prisoner at Petersburg,
June 18; died at Andersonville, Nov. 18, 1864.

Hopping, George, Co. H, 8th Inf.; must. Aug. 19, 1862; disch. May 12, 1865.

Hill, Israel, Co. I, 8th Inf.; must. Aug. 29, 1862; disch. May 15, 1865.

Hanson, Samuel, sergt.-maj., 10th Inf.; must. October, 1861; wounded Sept, 19,
1864; trans. with company.

Hauson, James B., Co. A, 10th Inf.; must. Oct. 4, 1861; disch. June 31, 1862.

Higginson, John, Co. A, 10th Inf.; must. Oct. 4, 1861; trans. with company.

Hopping, William, Co. A, 10th Inf.; must. Oct. 4, 1861.

Hickey, Patrick, drummer, Co. A, 10th Inf.; must. Oct. 4, 1861; trans. to Co. E,
29th Inf., 1864.

Harmon, George H., Co. G, 11th Inf.; must. Oct. 3, 1863; substitute.

Henry, Michael, Co. H, 13th Inf.; must. Dec. 12, 1861; disch, with company.

Hill, John B., Co. K, 13th Inf.; must. Dec. 13, 1861; pro. tovorp.; disch. June
30, 1862.

Hooper, Caleb S., Co. K, 13th Inf.; must, Dec. 13, 1861; died at Ship Island,
June 19, 1862.

Hooper, Francis E , Co. K, 13th Inf. ; must. Dec. 13, 1861 ; disch. with company.

Hooper, Lewis B., Co. K, 13th Inf.; must. Dec. 13, 1861 ; disch. with company.

Hooper, Orlando, Co. K, 13th Inf.; must. Dec. 13, 1861; died at Ship Island,
July 2, 1862.

Hooper, William 0., Co. K, 13th Inf.; must. Dec. 13, 1861; disch. with company.

Hooper, Samuel C., Co. K, 13th Inf.; must. Jan. 23, 1862; pro. to corp.; trans.
1864,

Hill, Daniel C., Co. I, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; died Dec. 25, 1862.

Hodge, Alvin, Co, I, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; trans. to 4th N. Y. Art.,
1863,

Holmes, Hiram G., Co. I, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; trans. to Vet. Res.
Corps, 1864,

Hussey, Wright W., Co. I, 20th Inf.; must, Aug. 29, 1862; trans. to Vet. Res.
Corps, May 15, 1863.

Hurd, Charles, Co. D, 20th Inf.; must. Aug. 29, 1862; missing from hospital,
Jan. 3, 1863,
; WAR OF THE REBELLION. 127

 

Hadlock, Chas. H., Co. F, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30,1862; disch. with company.

Haley, Albert, Co. F, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Haley, Thomas, Co. F, 27th Inf.; must, Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Hampson, Charles, Co. F, 27th Inf.; must, Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Harriman, Aaron, Co. F, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Hussey, Luther G., Co. F, 27th Inf.; must. Sept.30, 1862; disch. with company.

Hickey, Patrick, Co. E, 29th Vet. Inf.; must. Nov. 13, 1862; disch. Feb. 22, 1865.

Huff, Edwin R., Co. E, 29th Vet. Inf.; must. Nov. 13, 1862; disch. Aug. 22, 1865.

Hanson, James H., Co, C, 30th Inf.; must. Dec, 19, 1863; died Aug. 28, 1864.

Hanson, Charles F., Co. I, 30th Vet. Inf.; prisoner; exchanged ; trans. to Co. C;
disch. with company.

Hill, Benjamin F., Co. G, 30th Vet. Inf.; must. Dec. 28, 1863; missing Feb. 7,
1864.

Harriman, Andrew J., corp., Co. A, 32d Inf.; must. March 3, 1864; pro. to 1st

sergt.; taken prisoner Sept. 30; disch. Dec. 12, 1864,

Herrin, Stephen R., Co. L, 2d Cav.; must. Jan. 7, 1864.

Hunt, John, Ist District of Columbia Cav.; must. Feb. 2, 1864 ; pro. to sergt.;
disch. June 20, 1865.

Hutchinson, Joseph, Co. I, lst Cav.; must. Feb. 1, 1864; disch. June 20, 1865.

. Hanson, William H., Jr., 6th Bat. Mounted Art.; must. Oct. 12, 1864; disch.

with battery.

Hodsdon, Billings, sergt., Co. B, Ist Vet. Iuf.; must. Jan. 4, 1864; disch. Dec.
26, 1864.

Hadlock, Benjamin F., Co. B, lst Vet. Inf.; must. Feb. 15, 1864; pro. to corp.;
disch. with company.

Hunter, John J., Co. C, 1st Vet. Inf.; must. Dec. 4, 1862; disch. July 3, 1865.

Hanscomb, Charles 0., Co. I, 2d Cay. ; must. Sept. 29, 1864; disch. Sept. 28, 1865,

Hoyt, Daniel, Co. M, 2d Cav.; must. Sept. 26, 1864; disch. Aug. 28, 1865.

Harriman, Alvin, Co. A, Coast Guards Art.; must. Oct. 22,1861; disch. with
company.

Holt, Samuel P., Co. A, Coast Guards Art.; must. April 26, 1862.

Harriman, Moses, Co. A, Coast Guards Art.; must. Oct. 9, 1861; disch. with
company.

Jeffards, Jacob, Co. A, Coast Guards Art.; must. Oct. 28, 1861; disch. with com-
pany.

Jellison, Joseph W., Co. B, 2d Cav.; must. Oct. 19, 1864; disch. Oct. 13, 1865.

Johnson, Richard M., 6th Bat. M. Art.; must. Oct. 14, 1864; disch. with com-
pany.

Jeffers, Nicholas, Co. A, 10th Inf.; must. Oct. 4, 1861; pro. to corp. ; trans. with
company, 1864.

Jennings, James, Co. A, 10th Inf.; must. Oct. 16,1861; pro. to corp. ; trans.
with company, 1864.

Johnson, John W., Co. K, 13th Inf.; must, Dec. 13, 1861; disch. Aug. 25, 1862.

Jordan, Ralph, Co. K, 13th Inf.; must. Dec. 13, 1861; died April 7, 1862,

Jordan, Robert E., Co. K, 13th Inf.; must. Jan. 23, 1862; lelt sick at Brazos,
Texas, 1863.

Joy, Thomas W., Co. K, 13th Inf.; must. Jan. 2, 1861; re-enl. 1864; trans. to
30th Veterans ; disch. Aug. 20, 1865.!

Jenness, Samuel E., corp., Co. I, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; trans. to Vet.
Res. Corps, 1864.

Judge, Patrick, Co. F, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Jeffrey, Frederick, Co. A, 31st Inf.; must. April 5, 1864; pro. to corp.; trans.
1865.

Jordan, Ralph T., Co. K, 31st Inf. ; must. May 6, 1864; disch. Aug. 7, 1865.

Jackman, Charles G., Co. G, lst Cav.; must. Feb. 10,1864; disch. July 31, 1865.

Johnson, Elbridge G., Co. I, 1st Cav.; must. Feb. 1, 1864; disch. for disability,
1865, ;

Jose, James H., Co. D, Ist H. Art.; must. Sept. 21, 1863; disch. 1865.

Jaques, Napoleon, lst Bat. M. Art.; must. Jan.1; missing Sept. 1, 1864.

Knox, Darius C., Co. B, 5th Inf.; must. Aug. 25, 1862; trans. to 1st Maine
Veterans, 1863.

Knox, Thomas F., Co. B, 5th Inf.; must. Aug. 25, 1862; trans. to Ist Maine Vet-
erans; died of wounds, Dec. 10, 1864.

Knights, Henry, 37th Inf.; must. Dec. 4, 1862; wounded May 4, 1863.

Kimball, Alvin F., Co. H, 8th Inf.; must. Sept. 25, 1862; pro. to corp., to sergt.,
and to 2d lieut. in U. 8. Col. Troops.

Keighley, William, Co. A, 10th Inf.; must. Oct. 4, 1861; trans. 1864.

Kenney, Dennis, Co. A, 10th Inf.; must. Oct. 4, 1861; trans. 1864.

Knight, Josiah, Co. A, 10th Inf.; must. Oct. 4, 1861; disch. 1863.

Kerwin, James, Co. F, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Knight, George J., Co. G, 29th Inf.; must. Jan. 18, 1865; disch. Jan. 19, 1866,

King, Henry B., Co. K, 30th Vet. Inf.; must. Aug. 25, 1864; disch. June 1, 1865.

Kelly, William, Co. C, Ist Vet. Inf.; must. Oct. 19, 1864; disch. with company.

Killea, Patrick J., Co. A, Coast Guards Art.; must. Oct. 28, 1861; disch. with
company.

Kimball, Alvin F., Co. A, Coast Guards Art.; must. Oct. 28, 1861; disch. with
company.

Kimball, Alonzo E., 1st lieut., Co. F, 8th Inf.; must. Sept. 7, 1861; res. June 18,
1862.

Ladd, John D., sergt., Co. B, 5thInf.; must. June 24,1861; pro. to 1st lieut., Co.
©, 1863.

Longee, Nicholas R., Co. B, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861; disch. July 1, 1862.

Larrabee, Charles F., Co. B, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861; wounded May 10,
1863.

Libby, John F., Co. B, 5th Inf, ; must. June 24, 1861; wounded May 10, 1863 ;
disch. with company. pbs

Libby, Charles 0., Co. B, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861; died in 1863,

 

Linscott, John, Co. B, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861; pro. to sergt.; wounded
at Crampton Gap; wounded May 7, 1864; disch. with company.

Littlefield, Jesse L., Co. B, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861; missing June, 1862.

Larrabee, William, Co, C, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861; wounded at Gaines’
Mills, 1862; pro. to corp.; taken prisoner May 4, 1863; disch, 1863.

Leighton, Ivan, Co. A, 10th Inf.; must. Oct. 4, 1861; trans. 1864.

Lowell, Philip L., Co. K, 13th Inf.; must. Jan. 23, 1862; disch. Feb. 5, 1863.

Libby, John C., sergt., Co, I, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; wounded Dec. 13;
died Jan. 3, 1863.

Libby, George W., Co. I, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; disch. Nov. 18, 1862.

Littlefield, George, Co. F, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Littlefield, John T., Co. F, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Locke, Thomas D., Co. F, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30,1862; disch. with company.

Lombard, Osbright A., Co. F, 27th Inf.; must, Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with com-
pany.

Libby, Charles 0., Co. G, 29th Vet. Inf.; must. Jan. 18, 1865; pro. to corp.;
disch. Jan. 19, 1866.

Levitt, Thomas E., Co. E, 30th Inf.; must. Feb. 5, 1864; veteran; disch. June
13, 1865.

Locke, Jesse, Co. K, 31st Inf.; must. May 6, 1864; disch, 1865.

Libby, Josiah, Co. K, 3]st Inf.; must. May 6, 1864; disch. 1865.

Leach, Nathaniel, Co. K, 32d Inf.; must. May 6, 1864; died Oct. 18, 1864.

Libby, Josiah, Co. K, 32d Inf.; must. May 6, 1864; trans, 1865.

Libby, Joshua, Co. D, 1st Bat. Inf.; must. April 5, 1865; disch. Oct. 16, 1865.

Loud, Isaac, Vet. Res. Corps; must. March 21, 1865.

Lord, John F,, Vet. Res. Corps; must. April 5, 1865.

Labelle, Lewis, Co. E, 1st Cav.; must. Feb, 10, 1864.

Lunt, Wilbur F., Co. G, Ist Cav.; must, Feb. 19, 1864; pro. to sergt. and lst
sergt.; disch. Aug. 1, 1865.

Lowery, James, Co. A, lst Vet. Inf.; must. Oct. 17, 1864; disch, with company.

Littlefield, Daniel S., Co. B, 2d Cav.; must. Sept. 26, 1864; disch. Sept. 26, 1865.

Lunt, Frederick D., Co. L, 2d Cav.; must. Sept. 26, 1864; disch. Sept. 25, 1865.

Lynch, James, Co. M, 2d Cav.; must. Oct. 15, 1864; disch. Oct. 10, 1865,

Morrison, George W., corp., Co. B, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861; died from
wounds, July 9, 1862.

Murphy, William D., corp., Co. B, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861; disch. March
31, 1863.

Maxim, Ww. D., corp., Co. B, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861; died Sept. 13, 1862.

McCabe, John, corp., Co. B, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861; detached to gunboat ;
disch. 1863.

McIntire, John H., Co. B, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861; wounded at Compton
Gap; disch. 1863.

Meserve, Edwin, Co. B, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861; pro. to corp.; wounded
Sept. 14, 1862; taken prisoner.

Moran, John E., Co. B, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861.

Murphy, Alvin, Co. B, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861; disch. 1862.

Murphy, Dennis, Co. H, 5th Inf.; must June 24, 1861; wounded at Rappahan-
nock Station, 1863; trans. to Ist Maine Veterans.

Moran, Patrick, Co. G, 8th Inf.; must. Aug. 25, 1862; killed at Cold Harbor,
June 7, 1864.

Mason, David W., Co, H, 8th Lof.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; wounded at Cold Har-
bor, June 3, 1864; disch. June 11, 1865.

McKenney, Levi F., sergt., Co. E, 9th Inf.; must. Sept. 22, 1861; pro. to lieut.

Mayo, Lorenzo, Co. E, 9th Inf.; must. Sept. 22, 1861; disch. May 10, 1863.

Mahoney, Timothy, Co. K, 9th Inf.; must. Sept. 21, 1861; re-enl.; taken pris-
over, Aug. 18, 1864; disch. June 14, 1865.

Moore, Moses T., Cu. A, 10th Inf.; must. Oct. 4, 1861; trans. 1864.

Mayberry, Thomas L., Co. B, 10th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; trans. 1862.

Mahan, Patrick, Co. I, 13th Inf.; must. Jan. 2, 1862; disch. Oct. 27, 1862.

McBride, Cyrus, corp., Co. K, 13th Inf.; must. Dec. 13, 1861; pro. to sergt. and
1st sergt.; disch. with company. 3

Mason, William, Co. K, 13th Inf.; must. Jan. 2, 1862; disch. April 9, 1862.

McGinley, John, Co. H, 16th Inf.; must. Aug. 14, 1862; trans. to 5th Battery,
1864.

McGuire, James, Co. K, 17th Inf.; must. Sept. 16, 1863; trans, to Navy, 1864.

McGrath, Michael, Co. I, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; disch. with company.

McKinney, Jerry, Co. I, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18,1862; disch. June 4, 1863.

Martin, Peter, Co. I, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18,1862; pro. to corp. and to sergt. ;
disch. 1863.

Mason, Joseph T., Cu. I, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862 ; disch. with company.

Marston, Charles N., Co. I,17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; disch. with company.

McGrath, George, Co. I, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; disch. with company.

Meeds, Charles, Co. I, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862 ; disch. Dec, 23, 1862.

Milliken, Moses S., Co. I, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862 ; disch. with company.

Milliken, Nathaniel M., Co. 1, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; disch. with com-
pany.

Miller, Caleb R., Co. I, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; disch. with company.

Mitchell, Deodat, Co. I, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; disch. with company.

Mitchell, Joseph S., Jr., Co. I, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; disch. with cum-
pany.

Murphy, John B., Co. I, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; disch. with company.

Mason, Wm. P., Go. E, 29th Vet. Inf.; must. Nov. 18, 1863; disch. Aug. 22, 1865.

McIntire, Phineas, Co. C, 30th Inf,; must. Dec. 19, 1863; pro, to corp.; missing
Jan. 2, 1865.

McDonough, John, Co. C, 30th Inf.; must. Dec. 19, 1863; disch. with company.

McGregor, George, Co. C, Ist Bat. Inf. ; must. April 1, 1865; missing Nov. 1865.

Moor, James, 1st District of Columbia Cav. ; must. Feb. 4, 1864.
128

HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

Moore, Moses D., Co. D, Ist Cav.; must, Aug. 25, 1862; disch, Sept. 11, 1865,
Maynard, Joseph B., Co, E, 1st Cav.; must. Nov. 3, 1863; disch. June 20, 1865.
Montgomery, Joseph, Co. E, lst Cav.; must. Feb. 10, 1864; disch. April 28, 1865.
Morrill, William, Co. E, 1st Cav.; must. Aug. 26, 1862; disch. May 29, 1865.
Meeds, Daniel J., Co. I, 1st Cav.; must. Aug. 28, 1862; disch, May 28, 1865.
Minnehan, Patrick, 1st Bat, M. Art.; must. Sept. 26, 1864; disch, 1865.
McCarthy, lst Bat. M. Art. ; must. Sept. 26, 1864; disch. 1865.
Murphy, Dennis, Co. A, Ist Vet. Inf.; must. Nov. 30, 1861; disch. Dec. 6, 1864.
McDonald, Edward, Co. F, 8th Inf.; must. Sept. 26, 1864; disch. with company.
Moore, Perry C., Co. A, Coast Guards Art.; must. Oct. 28, 1861; disch. with com-
pany.
Nason, Geo. N., corp., Co, B, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861; disch. July 29, 1862.
Nesbitt, Frederick B., Co. B, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861; pro. to corp.; taken
prisoner, May 3, 1863. ,
Nesbitt, John F., Co. B, 5th Inf.; must. June 24,1861; re-enl. as veteran, De-
cember, 1863.
Noble, William T., Co, B, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861; disch. Aug. 15, 1862.
Nutter, Alonzo, Co. C, 10th Ivf.; must. Aug. 5, 1862; trans, 1863.
Nesbitt, John, Co. K, 13th Inf.; must. Dec. 13, 1861; taken prisoner; exchanged ;
died Aug. 4, 1864.
Nason, Henry, Co. K, 13th Inf.; must. Feb. 17; disch. Oct. 10, 1862.
Nason, Andrew J., Co, F, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company,
Newcomb, Oliver, Co. I, 30th Inf.; must. Jan. 14, 1864; pro. to corp.; disch.
with company, Aug. 20, 1865.
Nolan, Michl., Co. F, 1st Cav.; must. Oct. 18, 1864: killed in battle, March 31, ’65.
Nutter, Samuel A., Co. I, 1st Cav.; must. Feb. 22, 1864; disch. June, 1865.
Noyes, Wm. S., assist. surg., 5th Inf.; must. Feb. 5, 1863; disch. March 31,1863.
O’Neil, John, 1st District of Columbia Cav.; must. Feb. 2, 1864.
O'Neil, John, Co. M, 1st District Columbia Cav.; must. Feb. 20, 1864; died 1864,
Plummer, Jeremiah, capt., Co. F, 27th Inf. ; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. July 17,
1863.
Page, Amos W., Ist lieut., Co. F, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. July
17, 1863.
Perkins, John W., 2d lieut., Co. F, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. July
17, 1863.
Parsons, William, wagoner, Co. B, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861; missing July
23, 1861.
Paine, Theodore H., Co. B, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861; disch. 1862.
Page, Edward, Co. C, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861; on gunboat, 1862.
Page, George W., Co. C, 5th Inf.; must, June 24,1861; missing February, 1863.
Potts, Henry, Co. G, 8th Inf.; must. Aug. 28, 1862; died June 28, 1864,
Place, Joseph, Co. G, 8th Inf.; must. Aug. 28, 1862; trans. to Invalid Corps.
Parker, Greenleaf W., Jr., Co. E, 9th Inf.; must. Sept. 22, 1861; pro, to corp.;
re-enlisted; killed Sept. 29, 1864,
Perkins, George J., Co. K, 13th Inf.; must. Dec. 13, 1861; pro. to corp.; pro. to
lieut., Corps d’Afrique.
Perkins, Thaddeus, Co. K, 13th Inf. ; must. Dec. 28, 1861; pro. to corp.; re-en-
listed ; trans. 1864.
Pike, John R., Co, K, 13th Inf.; must. Dec. 13, 1861; pro. to corp. ; re-enlisted ;
trans. 1864.
Potts, Thomas, Co. H, 16th Inf.; must. Aug. 14, 1862; pro. to corp.
Parcher, Charles H., corp., Co. I, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862 ; pro. to sergt.
to 2d lieut., and to lst lieut., Co. K.
Paine, Joseph M., corp., Co. I, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; disch. 1862,
Perkins, Thomas F., Co. I, 17th Inf. ; must. Aug. 18, 1862 ; disch. with company.
Plummer, Jeremiah, capt., Co. F, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with
company.
Pillsbury, Samuel H., capt., Co. A, 5th Inf.; must. Feb. 7, 1862.
Page, Amos, Ist lieut., Co. A, 5th Inf.; must. Feb. 7, 1862; disch. with company.
Perkins, John W., 2d lieut., Co. A, 5th Inf.; must, Feb. 7, 1862; disch. with
company.
Pierce, William B., sergt., Co. A, 5th Inf.; must. Feb, 7, 1862; disch. with com-
pany.
Perkins, Albert, sergt., Co. A, 5th Inf.; must. Feb. 7, 1862; disch. Feb. 2, 1863.
Perkins, Samuel, Co. A, 5th Inf.; must. Feb. 7, 1862; disch. with company.
Parody, John, Co. A, 5th Inf.; must. Feb. 7, 1862; disch. with company.
Poole, James A., Co. A, 5th Inf.; must. Feb. 7, 1862; disch. with company.
Piper, Horace L., corp., Co, K, 5th Inf.; must. Feb. 7, 1862; pro. to sergt., to 1st
sergt., and to 2d lieut.; disch. with company.
Philbrook, John M., Co. A, 31st Iuf.; must. April 5, 1864; disch. May 22, 1865.
Pierce, William W., sergt., Co. A, 32d Inf.; must, May 3, 1864; pro. to 2d lieut.:
prisoner July 30; trans. to Cu. A, 31st Inf.; discharged, :
Pike, John R., Vet. Res. Corps; must. April 14, 1865,
Partridge, Frank A., lat District of Columbia Cav.; must. Jan. 27, 1864.
Partridge, Frank A., Co. I, Ist Cav.; must. Feb. 16, 1864; died Dec, 24, 1864.
Perkins, Daniel, Co. I, 1st Cav.; must. Sept. 1, 1862; died in prison, May 30, 1864,
Prescott, Alpheus, Co. I, Ist Cav.; must, Oct. 31, 1861; missing Jan. 30, 1862.
Pike, Jeremiah K., Co. C, Ist Vet. Inf.; must. Oct. 17, 1864; disch. with com-
pany.
Pool, Robinson, Co. C, 14th Inf.; must. March 1u, 1865.
Picket, Thomas, Co. I, 2d Cay.; must. Oct. 18, 1864; disch. October, 1865.
Riche, Lewis, Co. I, 2d Cay. ; must. Oct, 18, 1864; disch. Oct. 17, 1865,
Ricker, Arthur, corp., Co. D, 5th Inf.; must. June 23, 1861; pro. to sergt. ;
wounded June 27, 1862; discharged.
Roberts, Milton §., Co. B, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861; wounded and prisoner,
May 3, 1863; disch. 1864.
Richardson, Thomas, 8th Inf.; must, Aug. 25, 1862.

7

’

 

Reardon, John, Co. A, 10th Inf.; must. Oct, 16, 1861; pro. to corp.; wounded at
Antietam; pro. to sergt.; trans. with company, 1864.

Roberts, Charles F., Co. A, 10th Tuf.; must. Oct. 4, 1861; trans. 1864.

Ross, George H., Co. A, 10th Inf.; must. Oct. 4, 1861; disch. Dec. 19, 1861.

Robbins, Fred. E., musician, Co. A, 13th Inf.; must. Dec. 28, 1861; disch. with
company.

Rennick, William, Co. K, 13th Inf.; must, Jan. 23, 1862; re-enlisted; killed
April 8, 1864.

Roberts, Thomas L., Co, K, 13th Inf.; must, March 25, 1864; transferred.

Robbins, James H., Co. K, 13th Inf.; must. Sept. 26, 1864; transferred.

Ross, Benjamin P., Co. I, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; detached in Q. M.
Dept.; disch. with company.

Richards, Orin E., Co. F, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Ricker, Arthur, Co. I, 30th Inf. ; must. Jan. 14, 1864; pro. to corp., 1865.

Radcliffe, James H., Co. K, 30th Inf.; must, Jan. 9, 1864; trans. Aug. 20, 1865,

Reed, George W., Vet. Res. Corps; muat. April 14, 1865.

Robbins, Charles H., Co. I, 1st Cav.; must. Feb. 1, 1864; disch. June 20, 1865.

Rogers, Thomas H., Co. I, 1st Cav.; must. Dec. 29, 1863; disch. June 20, 1865.

Redman, Justus F., Co. L, 2d Cay.; must, Sept, 26, 1864; disch. Sept. 26, 1865.

Ricker, Thomas C., Cu. A, Coast Guards Art.; must. Oct. 28, 1861; disch. with
company.

Shannon, James H., band, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861; disch. August, 1862.

Scribner, Saml. E., Uo. B, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861; disch. with company.

Smith, Horace P., Co. B, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861; disch. with company.

Smith, Lewis K., Co. B, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861; disch. with company.

Small, Charles S., Co. B, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861; disch. Nov. 27, 1862.

Spencer, George G., Co. B, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861; died at Yorktown,
June 1, 1862.

Stevens, James, Co. B, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861; pro. corp.; disch. with

company. *

Stevens, William, Co. B, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861; pro. corp.; disch. with
company.

Sullivan, Jerry, Co. B, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861; pro. corp.; disch. with
company.

Senate, James, Co. C, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861; wounded Nov. 7, 1863;
disch. with company.

Somers, Israel E., Co. D, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861; disch. with company.

Smith, Alonzo, Co. E, 9th Inf.; must. Sept. 22, 1861; killed in battle, Sept. 12,
1863.

Shaw, Henry N., corp., Co. A, 10th Inf.; must. Oct. 4, 1861; wounded May 25,
1862; disch. July 18, 1862. 7

Skillings, Almon L., Co. G, 10th Inf.; must. Oct. 4, 1861; disch. July 31, 1862,

Smith, Jobn, Co. A, 10th Inf.; must. Oct. 4, 1861 ; taken prisoner at Winchester,
Va., May 25, 1862; disch. Feb. 23, 1863. -

Staples, James, Jr., Co. A, 10th Inf.; must. Oct. 4, 1861; trans. with company.

Sutherland, Charles, Co. A, 10th Inf.; must. Oct. 4, 1861; disch. Oct. 29, 1862.

Smith, Alonzo R., Co. B, 10th Inf.; must. Oct. 4, 1861; taken prisoner at Win-
chester.

Shehan, Edward P., Co. K, 13th Inf. ; must. Dec. 13, 1861; disch. April 9, 1862.

Shaw, Joseph H., Co. K, 13th Inf.; must. Jan. 2, 1862; pro. to corp.; pro. to 1st
lieut., Corps d’Afrique, 1863.

Swan, Isaac F., Co. B, 15th Inf.; must, Feb. 28, 1864; pro. tocorp.; disch. July
5, 1866.

Sweetser, Edward, wagoner, Co. I, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; died 1862.

Smith, Jere F., Co. I, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; died Jan. 7, 1863.

Sweetsir, James F., Co. I, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; killed May 5, 1864.

Stevens, Colver, Co. I, 20th Inf.; must. Aug. 29, 1862; disch. 1863.

Sampson, Moses T., Ist sergt., Co. F, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with
company.

Scammon, Nicholas, corp., Co. F, 27th Inf. ;
company.

Smith, Charles ¥., corp., Co. F, 27th Inf.; must, Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with com-
pany.

Smith, Atwood F., corp., Co. F, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with com-
pany.

Shehan, George R., Co. F, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Skillings, Lorenzo D., Co, F, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with com-
pany.

Skinner, John B., Co. F, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Small, Roland E., Co. F, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Smith, Charles B., Co. I, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Smith, Charles T., Co. F, 27th Inf.; must, Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Smith, Francis W., Co. F, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. Feb. 16, 1863.

Smith, William M., Co. V, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; pro. to corp.; disch.
with company.

Spaulding, Wallis, Co. F, 27th Inf. ; must, Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Stevens, Osgoed W., Co. I’, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Skinner, John B , corp., Co. E, 29th Inf.; must. Noy. 13, 1863 ; vet. organization.

Sloman, Charles A., Co. E, 29th Inf.; must, Nov. 13, 1863,

Sawyer, Obadiah, Co. E, 29th Inf.; must. Nov. 13, 1863; disch. May 29, 1865.

Small, Alonzo R., Co. C, 30th Inf.; must. Dec. 19, 1863; veteran,

Smith, Darius H., cook, Co. 0, 30th Inf.; must. Dec. 19, 1863; veteran; miss-
ing June 2, 1865.

Smith, James, Co. I, 30th Inf.; must. Jan. 6, 1864; missing Aug. 11, 1865.

Scott, Frederick D., Co. K, 31st Inf.; must. March 6, 1864; missing.

Scott, Frederick G., Co. K, 32d Inf.; must. May 6, 1864; trans. to Co. K, 1864.

Stevens, Gilbert G., Co. D, 1st Bat. Inf.; must. Apr. 6, 1865; disch. June 16, 1865.

must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with
WAR OF THE REBELLION.

Sampson, Muses T., sergt., Co. L, 2d Cav.; must. Dec. 24, 1863.
Swazey, William E., Co. L, 2d Cav.; must. Jan. 7, 1864.
Sweetser, George W., Ist lieut., Co. E, 1st Sharpshooters; must. Nov. 29, 1864.
Sanborn, Silas M., Co. G, 1st Cav.; must. Feb. 19, 1864; disch. June 20, 1865,
Sutherland, Nathaniel, Co. G, 1st Cav.; must. Feb. 19, 1864; died in prison,
November, 1864.
Shehan, James R., Co. I, Ist Cav.; must. Aug. 29, 1862; disch. May 28, 1865.
Smith, Edward E., Co. M, lst Cav.; must. Jan, 26, 1864; disch. June 20, 1865.
Small, George D. B., Co. A, lst Vet. Inf.; must. March 16, 1864; pro. to sergt.;
disch. with company.
Speed, Horace G., Co. H, 2d Cay.; must. Sept. 29, 1864; disch. at end of war.
Seavey, Enoch, Co. H, 2d Cav.; must. Oct. 19, 1864; disch. Oct. 13, 1865.
Sutherland, George, Co. A, Coast Guards Art. ; must. Oct. 28, 1861; disch. April
23, 1862.
Smart, Augustus, Co. A, Coast Guards Art.; must. Oct. 28, 1861; disch. April
10, 1862.
Stevens, Robt. M., Ist lieut., Co. B, 5th Inf.; must, June 24, 1861; pro. to capt.;
disch, 1862.
Sweetser, George W., Ist lieut., Co. E, 1st Sharpshooters; must. Nov. 25, 1864.
Smith, Dryden, asst. surg., 8th Inf.; must. Dec. 10, 1862; disch. 1862.
Tibbetts, Levi B., band, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861; disch. August, 1862.
Trainer, John, Co. G, 8th Inf.; must, Aug, 25, 1862; disch. Oct. 5, 1864.
Tarr, James F., sergt., Co, A, 10th Inf.; must. Oct. 4, 1861; pro. to let sergt.;
disch. with company. ,
Tarbox, Alphonso, Co. F, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.
Tibbetts, Chas. H., Co. F, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.
Tarbox, Thos. B., Co. F, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.
Tarbox, William S., Co. F, 32d Inf.; must. April 5, 1864; died in hospital, 1864.
Tibbetts, Luther, Co. I, 1st Cav.; wnust. September, 1864; disch. May 28, 1865.
Traynor, John, corp., 1st Bat. M. Art.; must. March 29, 1864; disch. with com-
pany, July 15, 1865.
Towle, Jesse, Co. H, 2d Cav.; must. Oct. 19, 1864; disch. Oct. 13, 1865.
Townsend, Benjamin, Co, A, Coast Guards Art.; must. Oct. 28, 1861; disch. with
company.
Tarbox, Warren R., Co. A, Coast Guards Art.; must. Sept. 1, 1862.
Underwood, William C,, Co. I, 8th Inf. ; must. Aug. 25, 1862 ; disch. June 17, 1865.
Ulmer, Alonzo M., Vet. Res. Corps; must. April 5, 1865.
Verrill, Edward A., Co. A, Coast Guards Art.; must. Oct. 28, 1861; disch, Aug.
31, 1862.
Ware, Warren, Co. A, Coast Guards Art.; must. July 22, 1862.
Wall, Thomas, Co. A, Coast Guards Art,; must. Oct. 21, 1861.
Welch, Samuel T., Co. A, Coast Guards Art.; must. Nov. 4, 1861.
Williams, Harry, bugler, Co. H, 2d Cav.; must. Oct, 19, 1864; disch. with
company.
Willis, Albert R., capt., Co. F, 8th Vet. Inf.; must. Aug. 1, 1861; disch. Nov.
1, 1865.
Whaland, Clark, Co. A, 1st Vet. Inf.; must. Sept. 1, 1862; pro. to corp.; disch.
June 16, 1865.
Weston, George F., Co. H, 1st H. Art.; must. Sept. 8, 1863.
Whitney, Charles E., Co. F, 31st Inf.; must. April 5, 1864; trans. 1865.
Whitney, Moses M., Co. K, 29th Inf.; must, Nov. 13, 1863; disch. June 21, 1866,
Whitney, Lewis G., Co. I, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; taken prisoner, May
3, 1863; exchanged; wounded and missing, May 6, 1864.
Wescott, James B., Co. I, 20th Inf.; must. Aug. 29, 1862; pro. to hosp. steward,
September, 1864; disch. June 4, 1865.
Watson, George W., sergt., Co. F, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with
company.
Watson, Charles M., Co. F, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30,1862; disch. June 7, 1863,
Watson, Seth, Co. F, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.
Webber, Alfred C., Co. F, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.
Webber, Orrin B., Co. F, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.
Wilkinson, William, Co. O, 30th Inf.; must. Jan. 19, 1863; lost at sea, Dec.
22, 1863.
Witham, Lewis H., Co. A, 32d Inf.; must. March 3, 1864; trans. to 3lst Inf,
1865.
Whittaker, Charles, Co. K, 32d Inf.; must. May 6, 1864; died at City Point,
July 18, 1864.
Warren, John, Vet. Res. Corps ; must. April 7, 1865.
Wiley, James, Vet. Res. Corps; must. March 22, 1865.
Wilson, Edward, Co. F, Ist Cav.; must. Oct. 7, 1865 ; disch. May 18, 1865.
Webber, Leonard, corp., Co. I, Ist Cav.; must. Jan. 1, 1864; pro. to sergt.; disch.
June 20, 1865.
Wells, Esau, Co. I, lst Cav.; must. Jan. 25, 1864; appointed bugler ; disch. with
company.
Waterhouse, Eli S., Co. I, lst Cav.; must. Sept. 2, 1862; pro. to corp.; disch.
June 20, 1865.
Wood, Earnest, Co. H, 2d Cay.; must. Oct. 10, 1864; disch. Oct. 9, 1865.
Warren, Francis G., assist. surg., 5th Inf. ; must. June 24, 1861; pro. to surgeon.
Wallace, Charles H., corp., Co. B, 5th Inf. ; must. June 24, 1861; pro. to sergt. ;
wounded June 27, 1862; “dropped.”
Walker, Otis.
Webber, Albert, Co. B, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861; died from wounds, June
27, 1862.
Willey, Jacob 0., Co. B, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861; pro. to corp.; missing
May 10, 1864.
Whitten, Seth P., Co. B, 5th Inf. ; must. June 24, 1861.
Warren, John, Co. C, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861; disch, Sept, 11, 1863.

17

 

129

Warren, Jerre, Co. D, 5th Inf.; must. June 24,1861; disch. with company.

Welch, Morris, Co. D, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861; disch. with company.

Willis, John, Co. D, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861; pro, to corp.; wounded May
10, 1864 ; disch. with company.

Wild, John, Co. G, 8th Inf.; must. Aug. 19, 1862; disch. June 11, 1865.

Welch, James, Co. D, 10th Inf.; must, Oct. 4, 1861; wounded at Cedar Moun-
tain; disch. with company.

Waterhouse, Gardner P., Co. K, 13th Inf.; must. Dec. 13, 1861; re-enl. 1864;
transferred.

Walch, Robert, Co. K, 13th Inf.; must, Feb, 11, 1862; trans. to Ist Maine Art.

York, Ezekiel, band, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861; disch. August, 1862.

York, Rishworth J., Co. B, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861; died from wounds,
May 31, 1863.

York, John A., Co. K, 13th Inf.; must. Feb, 11, 1862; trans. 1864.

York, Charles E., Co. F, 27th Inf. ; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Young, Joseph, Co, C, 30th Inf.; must. Dec, 19, 1863; missing Feb. 4, 1865.

York, John E., musician, Co. L, 2d Cav.; must. Dec. 24, 1863.

FOREIGN ENLISTMENTS.

Abbott, William W., U. 8. Navy.

Armour, Samuel, 15th New Hampshire Infantry.
Additon, Eleazer, New Hampshire.

Bowlen, Edward, Massachusetts.

Bean, John H., New Hampshire.

Beatty, James, Massachusetts.

Benson, James O., U. 8. Sappers’ and Miners’ Corps.
Brady, Michael, U. 8. Navy.

Brady, Thomas, U. S. Navy.

Berry, Lewis L., U. 8. Navy.

Boiney, Andrew, U. 8. Navy.

Boothby, Samuel, U. S. Army.

Byrne, James, U. 8. Navy.

Blake, Eben W., U.S. Navy.-

Conley, John, 22d Massachusetts Infantry.
Casey, James, U. 8S. Navy.

Cobb, George, U. 8. Sappers’ and Miners’ Corps.
Cole, James, U. 8. Navy.

Cook, William, U. 8. Navy.

Chase, George H., Massachusetts.

Chase, Henry G., 29th Massachusetts Infantry.
County, J., 3d Massachusetts Infantry.

Crowell, Theodore, 6th Massachusetts Infantry.
Craigan, James, U.S. Navy.

Dunn, William, U. 8. Army.

Dunn, James, U.S. Navy.

Dunn, Peter, 7th Massachusetts Infantry.

Dunn, James, Jr., U.S. Navy.

Deering, Stanley A., U. S. Army.

Dudley, Benjamin F., U. 8. Navy.

Day, Jeremiah E., U.S. Navy.

Dow, Joseph W., U.S. Army.

Emmons, Elijah, U. 8. Navy.

Eaton, Eugene M., 22d Massachusetts Infantry.
Ellis, Peter F., 40th New York Infantry.

Foye, Thomas, U.S. Navy.

Frost, Jacob, 13th New Hampshire Infantry.
Falvey, James, New York Volunteers.

Gordon, John, U. 8. Navy.

Goodwin, Charles N., 9th New Hampshire Infantry.
Holt, Samuel P., New Hampshire Infantry (16th or 17th).
Hill, Charles, U. 8, Navy.

Harriman, Alvan, 15th New Hampshire Iufantry.
Hanson, Orland, 2d New Hampshire Volunteers.
Hammond, Albert F., U.S. Navy.

Hanson, Thomas, New Hampshire Volunteers.
Hooker, John F., Massachusetts Volunteers.
Hazleton, Charles, U. 8. Navy.

Hunt, John, U. 8. Navy.

Hooker, Edward H. C., paymaster, U.S. Army.
Jennings, Felix, 6th Massachusetts Infantry.
Johnson, John, U.S. Navy.

Kelly, Henry, 22d Massachusetts Infantry.
Killday, J. P.,15th New Hampshire Infantry.
Knowlton, William H. H., U. 8. Navy.

Kenny, John, U.S. Navy.

Libby, Frank H., U. 8. Navy.

Lowell, John B., U. 8. Navy.

Laffam, Daniel, U. S. Army.

Mayall, Daniel, U. 8. Navy.

Murnane, Thomas, U. 8. Navy.

Moore, Perry E., 15th New Hampshire Infantry.
Morgan, Edgar, 6th Massachusetts Battery.
Moran, James, U. S. Navy.

Marcel, Peter, 14th Massachusetts Infantry.
Miles, William, 2d Massachusetts Infantry.
Mulligan, James, lst Massachusetts Cavalry.
Mosse, Elisha D., U. S. Navy.
130 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

Mulvery, Frank, U. 8. Navy.

Moore, Andrew, Massachusetts Volunteers.
Moore, Augustus H., Massachusetts Volunteers.
Munroe, Ephraim, Massachusetts Volunteers.
Means, Lawrence, 22d Massachusetts Infantry.
McDonald, John, U. 8. Navy.

McIntire, Edward, U. 8. Navy.

Nitcher, William W., New York Volunteers.
Norton, John, U.S. Navy.

Newcomb, Harding, New York Volunteers
Nowell, Albert, U. S. Navy.

0’Connor, Patrick, U.S. Navy.

Oats, Barney, U. 8. Navy.

Oburn, James, 9th Massachusetts Infantry.
Rennick, James, 9th Massachusetts Infantry.
Radigal, Barney, New York Volunteers.

Rand, James, 22d Massachusetts Infantry.
Roberts, Charles, 2d New Hampshire Volunteers.
Rand, Thomas, U. 8. Sappers’ and Miners’ Corps.
Rowell, Reuben, 22d Massachusetts Infantry.
Stacy, Ezekiel H., 17th Massachusetts Infantry.
Stackpole, James D., U.S. Navy.

Shar, James, Massachusetts Volunteers.
Sullivan, John, 9th Massachusetts Infantry.
Sullivan, John, U.S. Navy.

Sally, Robert, Massachusetts Volunteers.
Sutherland, Walter P., U. S. Sappers’ and Miners’ Corps.
Sullivan, Dennis, U. 8. Navy.

Sullivan, Daniel, U.S. Navy.

Townsend, James S., 15th New Hampshire Infantry.
Vaughan, John, Massachusetts Volunteers,
Wood, Earnest, 9th Massachusetts Infantry.
Ward, George N., U. 8. Sappers’ and Miners’ Corps.
Wells, Esau, Massachusetts Volunteers.
Winship, Enoch, U.S. Navy.

York, Horace, Massachusetts Volunteers.

BUXTON,

Anderson, Frank E., Co, H, 12th Inf.; must. Nov. 15, 1861; missing Oct. 10,
1863.

Atkinson, Charles H., Co. C, 30th Vet. Inf.; must. Dec, 19, 1863; disch. 1864.

Akers, Frank W., Co. F., 30th Inf.; must. Feb. 13, 1865.

Abbott, Abijah W., Co, E, 18th Inf.; must. Oct. 4, 1861; disch. with company,
May 8, 1863.

Bean, Charles M., sergt., Co. G, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; disch. Jan. 1,
1863.

Brooks, Charles A., 2d lieut., Co. K, 9th Inf.; must. Sept. 21, 1861; pro. to 1st
lieut. and to capt., Co. A.

Bradbury, Lewis H., corp., Co. H, 12th Inf.; must, Nov. 15, 1861; disch. 1864.

Berry, William B., Co, H, 12th Inf.; must. Nov. 15, 1861; killed Sept. 19, 1864,

Bangs, Willard, Co. C, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Berry, Edward M., Co. C, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Berry, John, Co. C, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Berry, William, Co. C, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Betts, Georgett, lst District Columbia Cav.; must. Feb. 24, 1864,

Babb, Samuel B., Co. L, 2d Cav.; must. Jan. 7, 1864.

Cole, James I., Co. K, 9th Inf.; must. Sept. 21, 1861; disch. Sept. 27, 1864.

Came, John H., 1st lieut., Co. C, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; died Jan. 16,
1863.

Cressey, Horace, Co. C, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Cressey, Charles H., Co. I, 12th Inf.; must. May 17, 1865.

Chadbourne, Heury A., corp., Co. C, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with
company, July 17, 1863.

Carle, William F., corp., Co. C, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862 ; disch. with com-
pany, July 17, 1863.

Cahoon, Laurence, Co. L, 2d Cay.; must. Dec, 24, 1863, ;

Dean, Charles H., corp., Co. G, 5th Inf.; must. June 23, 1861; re-enl. Dec. 23,
1864; trans. to Ist Me. Vets.

Davis, Charles, Co. H, 13th Inf.; must. Dec. 21, 1861; disch. with company.

Dunnell, Alvah L., Co. G, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; killed May 5, 1864,

Dunnell, Samuel, Jr., sergt., Co. C, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; pro. to 2d
lieut.; disch. with company.

Dennett, Alvin A., corp., Co. C, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with
company. e

Dunn, William S., corp., Co. C, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with
company.

Davis, Nathan W., Co. C, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. Nov. 29, 1862,

Dunn, John K., Co. C, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Duran, William, Co. C, 27th Inf. ; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Dyer, William, Co. C, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; diseh. with company.

Dunnell, Samuel L., Co. C, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Dean, Charles H., Co. B, 1st Vet. Iuf.; must. Dec. 23, 1863; died July 13, 1864.

Eaton, Humphrey G., Co. H, 12th Inf.; must. Nov. 15, 1861; re-enl. 1864; trans-
ferred.

Emery, George L., corp., Co. I, Ist Cav.; must. Oct. 31, 1861.

Elwell, George, 8th Inf.; must. Aug. 21, 1862.

 

Edgerly, George W., Co. C, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with com-
pany.

Elbow, Thomas, Oo. D, 14th Inf.; must. Feb. 23, 1865.

Fogg, Charles E., Co. G, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; wounded May 3, 1863 ;
died. 6

Flanders, Daniel C., Co. C, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Flood, Nathan K., Co. I, 12th Inf.; must. March 17, 1865,

Goff, George, Co. H, 12th Inf.; must. Nov. 15, 1861; disch. with company.

Gatchell, George A., corp., Co. F, 16th Inf.; must. Aug. 14, 1862; disch. 1865.

Gowen, George R., Co. G, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862.

Garland, John, Co. C, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Gould, James H., Co. C, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Hackett, Asa, corp., Co. K, 9th Inf. ; must. Sept. 21,1861; disch. with company.

Harnden (Hermon), James H., Co. K, 9th Inf.; must. Sept. 21, 1861; pro. to
corp; re-enl, Dec. 31, 1863; wounded May 18, 1864; died.

Hill, Ivory L., Co. E, 10th Inf.; must. Oct. 4, 1861; wounded Aug. 9; disch.
Sept. 17, 1862.

Huff, William A., Co. E, 10th Inf.; must. Oct. 4, 1861; disch. with company.

Higgins, Charles E., Co. B, 16th Inf.; must. Oct. 4, 1861 ; disch. 1862.

Higgins, Sumner C., Co. E, 10th Inf.; must. Oct. 4, 1861; disch. with company.

Hannah, John, 5th Bat, M. Art.; must. Dec. 4, 1861; disch. at Fort Preble, 1862.

Harmon, Benjamin, Co. F, 16th Inf.; must. Aug. 14, 1862; disch. April 14, 1863.

Hanscomb, Eben B., Co. G, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; wounded June 18,
1864; discharged.

Huff, Benjamin F., Co. G, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; pro. to corp.; disch.
with company.

Hill, John D., capt., Co. C, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30,1862; pro. to maj., Jan. 30,
1863.

Hill, Daniel, sergt., Co. C, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company,

Harmon, Leonard C., corp., Co. C, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with
company.

Harmon, Charles H., Co. C, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with com-
pany.

Harmon, Charles L., Co. C, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with com-
pany.

Hopkinson, James M., Co. O, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with com-
pany.

Harmon, William L., Co. K, 11th Inf.; must. April 8, 1864 ; wounded June 17;
disch. Feb, 2, 1866.

Kelley, William W., Co. D, 1st Bat. Inf.; must. April 6, 1865.

Lane, Nathaniel J., Co. K, 9th Inf.; must. Sept. 21, 1861; wounded July 30,
1864; disch. with company.

Leavitt, Frank G., Co. F, 16th Inf.; must, Aug. 14, 1862; pro. tocorp., to sergt. ;
taken prisoner, Aug. 19, 1864.

Locke, James F., Co. F, 16th Inf.; must. Aug. 14, 1862; disch. March 26, 1864.

Locke, William P., Co. F, 16th Inf.; must. Aug. 14, 1862; killed at Fredericks-
burg, Dec. 13, 1862.

Leavitt, Henry, corp., Co. C, 27th Inf. ; must. Sept. 30, 1862; pro. to sergt.; disch.
with company.

Lane, George, Co. C, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Libby, George H., Co. C, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Lane, Ivory, Co. EH, 29th Vet. Inf.; must. Nov. 13, 1863; missing Jan. 16, 1864.

Larkin, Peter, Co. I, 19th Inf.; must. April 20, 1864; died in prison, Oct. 20, 64.

Moore, Elliot, corp., Co. B, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861; wounded at Rappa-
hannock Station; died 1863.

Manson, Charles H., Co. E, 10th Inf.; must. Oct. 4, 1861; disch. June 13, 1862.

Morton, James H., corp., Co. EB, 10th Inf.; must. Oct. 4, 1861; disch. with com-
pany.

Murphy, Samuel H.,, Co. I, 1st Cav.; must Oct. 31, 1861.

Manson, John S., Co. G,17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18,1862; wounded May 5, 1864;
pro. to corp.; disch. with company.

Milliken, William, Jr., Ist sergt., Co. C, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; pro. to
2d and Ist lieut.; disch. with company.

Murch, Reuben W., corp., Co. 0, 27th Inf. ; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. May 25,
1863.

Mariner, James §,, Co. O, 27th Inf.; must. Sept, 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Martin, John, Co. CO, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; pro. to corp.; disch. with
company.

Merrill, Fred. A., Co. 0, 27th Inf.; must, Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Merrill, Samuel, Co. C, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Nason, Samuel E., Co. C, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862 ; disch. with company.

Nichols, Franklin, Co. C, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862 ; disch. with company.

Norton, Eben A., Co. ©, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Norton, Leonard, Co. C, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Nason, Samuel E., District of Columbia Cav.; must Feb. 1, 1864.

Owen, Mark L. H., Co. C, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Owen, Melville C., Co. C, 27th Int.; must, Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Peterson, John, Co. E, lst H. Art; must. March 18, 1864,

Pennon, Frederick, Co. I, 19th Inf.; must. April 20; died July 10, 1864.

Runnels, Henry B., Co. K, 9th Inf.; must. Sept. 21, 1861; re-enl.; wounded Oct.
27, 1864 ; died.

Redlon, Lorenzo E., Co. H, 12th Inf.; re-enl. Jan. 5, 1864; transferred.

Rogers, James, Co. F, 16th Int.; must. Aug. 14, 1862; disch. Oct. 7, 1862.

Redlon, Isaac, Co. C, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Rounds, Joseph T., Co. C, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Rounds, Melville K., Co. C, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with com-
pany.
WAR OF THE REBELLION. 131

 

Silvie, Antoine, Co. E, 15th Inf.; must. Feb. 16, 1865.

Smith, Henry F., sergt., Co. H, 10th Inf.; must. Oct. 4, 1861; pro. to Ist sergt.
and 2d lieut.; disch. with company.

Smith, Major, Co. K, 12th Inf.; must. March 21, 1865.

Spear, Eben A., Co, K,12th Inf.; must. March 16, 1861.

Stewart, Orville J., Co. B, 14th Inf. ; must. March 2, 1865.

Skinner, Edward A., sergt., Co. K, 14th Inf.; pro. to Ist sergt., Ist lieut., and
capt. ; disch. with company.

Smith, Francis L., Co. ¥, 16th Inf.; must. Aug. 14, 1862; died in hospital, Feb.
6, 1863.

Smith, James H., Co. I, 12th Inf.; must. March 17, 1865; died Oct. 4, 1865.

Sawyer, Isaac D., Co. G, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; killed at Gettysburg,
July 2.

Strout, Oliver A., Co. G, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; pro. to corp., 1864;
disch. with company.

Strout, Micajah H., Co. —, 8th Inf.; must. Aug. 27, 1862.

Severance, Jefferson, Co. A, 16th Inf.; must. Aug. 18; disch. Dec. 19, 1863.

Scott, Peter G., Co. G, 12th Inf.; must. May 1, 1865 ; disch. Aug. 2, 1865.

Tyler, Henry, Co. H, 12th Inf.; must. Nov. 15, 1865; disch. 1865.

Tyler, Abram, Co. F, 16th Inf.; must. Aug. 14, 1862; detached to Art., 1863.

Tyler, George, Co. F, 16th Inf.. must. Aug. 14, 1862; died Oct. 20, 1863.

Tyler, John A., Co. F, 16th Inf.; must. Aug. 14, 1862; disch. Nov. 10, 1862.

Thompson, Henry, corp., Co. C, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; pro. to sergt.;
disch. with company.

Tarbox, George, Co. C, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Treadwell, Edwin C., Co. F, 8th Inf.; must. Feb. 11, 1865.

Wood, Warren H., Co. A, 5th Inf.; must. June 24,1861; disch. March 9, 1862.

Whitten, Benjamin F., Co. C, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861; wounded May 10,
1864; disch. with company.

Woodman, William F., Co. I, lst Cay.; must. Oct.31, 1861; missing Feb. 12, 62.

Waterman, John H., Jr., Co. G, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; disch. Sept. 7,
1864.

Wiggin, John W., Co. C, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Williams, Barney, Co. BE, 17th Inf.; must. Sept. 5, 1863; trans. to 1st Maine H.
Art., 1864.

FOREIGN ENLISTMENTS.

Ayer, Benjamin F., 12th Massachusetts Infantry.
Cole, Frank J., Illinois Volunteers.

Chick, Andrew C., U.S. Navy.

Clark, Seth F., 6th Massachusetts Infantry.
Emery, Joseph, Ohio Volunteers.

Emery, Samuel, 40th Illinois Infantry.

Foss, James, 45th Massachusetts Infantry.
Garland, Stephen R., Massachusetts Volunteers.
Harmon, William, U. 8. Army.

Hanson, Zenas P., Illinois Volunteers.

Harmon, Maj. T., 33d Massachusetts Infantry.
Harmon, Eleazer C., 11th U.S. Infantry.
Higgins, Mark J., 11th U. 8. Infantry.

Murch, Charles, 11th U. S. Infantry.

Murch, William, 11th U. 8. Infantry.

Merrill, John H., Lincoln Guards.

McCarthy, John, U.S. Navy.

Sawyer, Samuel, 23d Massachusetts Infantry.
Treadwell, Horace, Lincoln Guards.

CORNISH.

Ayer, Simon P., Co. E, 9th Inf.; must. Sept. 22, 1861; disch. Sept. 27, 1864,

Ayer, William H. H., Co. H, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with com-
pany, July 17, 1863.

Allen, Charles, Co, B, 10th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; wounded at Antietam ;
disch, Feb. 8, 1864.

Boynton, Sylvester, Co. I, 9th Inf.; must. Sept. 22, 1861.

Brown, Joshua, Co. E, 9th Inf. ; must, Sept. 22, 1861; disch. Sept. 27, 1864.

Bradley, John, corp., Co. E, 9th Inf.; must. Sept. 22, 1861; disch. Sept. 27, 1864,

Burnell, Nathaniel A., Co. H, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 20, 1862; pro. to corp.;
disch. with company.

Brackett, Charles W., col., Ist Vet. Inf.; must, Jan. 25, 1864,

Cotton, Hiram, 9th Inf., recruit; must. Aug. 22, 1862.

Chick, Edwin, Co. K, 23d Inf.; must. Oct. 10, 1862; disch. with company.

Cole, Joseph B., Co. E, 9th Inf.; must. Sept. 22, 1861; re-enl. as wagoner, Jan.
1, 1864.

Chadbourne, William (2d), Co. C, 5th Inf.; must. Sept. 21; missing, July 24,
1861.

Clark, Alfred, Co. F, 31st Inf.; must. April 5, 1864.

Clark, Wheatley P., Co. F, 31st Inf.; must. April 5, 1864.

Cole, Ira, Jr., Co. E, 9th Inf.; must. Feb. 29; died Aug. 24, 1864.

Day, Lorenzo, Co. H, 27th Inf. ; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. Jan. 26, 1863.

Day, Thurston P. M., Co. H, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with com-
pany.

Day, Silas, Co. H, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Day, Calvin, Co. H, 16th Inf.; must. Aug. 14, 1862; wounded July 1, 1863;
disch, 1865.

Day, Darius, Co. H, 16th Inf.; must. Aug. 14, 1862; died March 3, 1863.

Eastman, Albion L., Co. E, 9th Inf.; must. Sept. 22, 1861; disch. March 21,
1862.

 

Eastman, George E., Co. E, 9th Inf.; must. Sept. 22, 1861; dropped from rolls of
1864.

Eastman, Hoskett, Co. E, 9th Inf; must. Sept, 22, 1861; re-enl. Jan. 1, 1864.

Eastman, Gilman L., Co. D, 30th Inf.; must. Jan. 19, 1864.

Gurney, Edward A., Co. E, 9th Inf.; must. Aug. 22, 1862; detached.

Goodwin, Benjamin F., wagoner, Co. K, 9th Inf.; must. Sept. 21, 1861; disch.
Sept. 27, 1865,

Gilman, Edward G., Co. A, lst H. Art.; must. Oct. 8, 1864; died Dec. 16, 1864.

Ham, George A., musician, Co. E, 9th Inf.; must, Sept. 22, 1861; disch. with
company.

Ham, Lewis A., Co. I, 30th Vet. Inf.; must. Jan. 6, 1864; disch. Aug. 20, 1865.

Hooper, William F., 4th Bat. Mounted Art.; must, Jan. 29, 1864.

Jewell, John, 4th Bat. Mounted Art.; must. Feb, 2, 1863; disch. June 5, 1865.

Jewell, Roscoe, 4th Bat. Mounted Art.; must. Jan. 20, 1864,

Johnson, Joseph T., 4th Bat. Mounted Art.; must. Jan. 20, 1862; disch. with
battery.

Knight, Marshall R., Co, H., 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. Jan. 1,
1863.

Knight, Frederick, Co. W, 9th Inf.; must. September 22; missing Oct. 19, 1861.

Linscott, Isaac N., Co. A, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861; wounded May 3, 1863.

Linscott, David, Co. A, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861; re-enl. Jan. 12, 1864;
wounded July 30.

Linscott, Stephen, Co. A, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861; taken prisoner July 11,
1863 ; died at Richmond, Va.

Linscott, John, Co. A, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861; disch. May 1, 1862.

Marston, Ansel G., Ist lieut., Co. E, 9th Inf.; must. Sept. 22, 1861; pro. to capt.;
disch. Sept. 29, 1864.

Mary, Cyrus G., Co. H, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; pro. to com. sergt., April
1, 1863; disch. with regiment. ‘

Miller, John, Co. C, 1st Cav.; must. Oct. 12, 1864; disch. Aug. 28, 1865.

Mudge, Parker, Co. H, 16th Inf.; must. Aug. 14, 1862; wounded; disch. April
21, 1863,

Morton, Edwin H., Co. E, 30th Inf.; must. Dec. 29, 1863.

Newbury, George 0., Co. E, 9th Inf.; must. Sept. 22, 1861; re-enlisted ; died of
wounds received May 20, 1864.

Narcisse, Dubois, Co. D, 15th Inf.; must. March 1, 1865.

O’Brien, James, Co. C, 1st Cav.; must. Oct. 12, 1864; missing Feb. 10, 1865,

Pendexter, Gilman B., Co. E, 9th Inf.; must. Sept. 22, 1861; re-enlisted ;
wounded Sept. 29, 1864.

Parker, Albion H., sergt., Co. E, 9th Inf.; must. Sept. 22, 1861.

Pugsley, Calvin, Co. E, 9th Inf,; must. Sept. 22, 1861.

Ramsell, Ira, Jr., Co. E, 9th Inf.; must. Sept. 22, 1861; disch. Sept. 27, 1864,

Richardson, Darius, Co. H, 5th Inf.; must. Dec. 28, 1863; trans. to Ist Vet.
Inf., 1864.

Rand, John, Co. F, 31st Inf.; must. April 5, 1864; disch. June 12, 1865.

Stone, Levi, Co. K, 1st Inf.; must. May 3, 1861, for three months.

Stone, Levi, Jr., sergt., Co. E, 9th Inf.; must. Sept. 22, 1861; wounded June 30,
1864; disch. 1865.

Stone, John F., Co. E, 9th Inf.; must. Sept. 22, 1861; disch. Sept. 27, 1864.

Snow, Henry F., capt., Co. H, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. Nov. 19,
1862.

Starr, John, Co. C, Ist Cav.; must. Oct. 12, 1864; disch. June 5, 1865.

Starr, John (2d), Co. C, Ist Cav.; must. Oct. 12, 1864; disch. April 28, 1865.

Small, John C., Co. H, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Stover, Benjamin W., Co. E, 29th Vet. Inf.; must. Jan. 7, 1864; died Oct. 23,
1864.

Small, John C., 4th Bat. Mounted Art.; must. June 20, 1864; disch. with com-
pany, 1865.

Smith, William, Co. C, Ist Cav.; must. Jan. 4, 1865; disch. June 5, 1865.

Thompson, Nelson, Co. E, 9th Inf.; must. Sept. 22,1861; pro. to corp.; died
Nov. 20, 1863.

Thompson, James, Co. H, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862 ; died Jan. 7, 1863.

Tufts, Alvin V., musician, Co. A, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861; disch. with
company.

Thompson, Oscar H., Co. F, 31st Inf.; must. April 5, 1864,

Wedgwood, Edwin W., capt., Co. E, 9th Inf.; must. Sept. 22, 1861; resigned
Dec. 25, 1862.

Winship, Enoch, wagoner, Co. E, 9th Inf.; must. Sept. 22, 1861; taken pris-
oner at Raleigh, N. C., 1862.

West, Silas, corp., Co. H, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Weeks, Noah, Jr., Co. H, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Wiggins, Brackett, Co. H, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. Dec. 3, 1862.

FOREIGN ENLISTMENTS.

Ham, Oscar L., Massachusetts Volunteers.
Hammons, Winfield S., New York Volunteers.
Hammons, Moses, U. 8. Navy.

Ramsell, Charles, Massachusetts Volunteers.

DAYTON.

Allen, John W., Co. F, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. Jan. 5, 1863.

Buzzell, Geo., Co. K, 31st Inf.; must. May 6, 1864; disch. 1865, with company.

Bridges, Stephen, 8th Inf, recruit; must. Sept. 13, 1862.

Bates, Stephen T., Co. A, 3lst Inf.; must. May 1, 1864; wounded June 17; died
July 2, 1864.

Cleaves, Horatio M., Co. I, Ist Cav.; must. March 6, 1862; disch. March 2, 1865.
132 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

Cleaves, Frank, Co. I, Ist Cav.; must. Feb. 29, 1864; disch. Aug. 1, 1865.

Downs, Benjamin M., Co. F, 11th Inf.; must. Oct. 19, 1865 ; disch. May 19, 1865.

Huntress, Erastus, Co. G, 17th Inf.; must. Sept. 2, 1863; died of wounds, June
20, 1864.

Locke, Jacob T., Co. F, 16th Inf.; must. Aug. 14, 1862; pro. to corp.; disch.
June 12, 1863.

Newell, Aaron, Co. K, 31st Inf.; must. May 6, 1864; disch. Aug. 15, 1865,

Newell, Charles E., Co. I, 1st Cav.; must. Nov. 2, 1861.

Newell, Charles W., Co. I, 1st Cav.; must. Oct. 30, 1861; disch. July 5, 1862.

Rhodes, James, Co. I, 11th Inf.; must. Oct. 18, 1864; substitute,

Rhoades, Frank, Co, F, 16th Inf.; must. Aug. 14, 1862; detached as wagoner;
disch. 1865.

Rumery, George, Co. I, 8th Inf.; must, Sept, 13, 1862; disch. Jan. 22, 1863.

Smith, Fairfield, 5th Inf.

Shapleigh, George W., 8th Inf.; must. Sept, 3, 1862.

Smith, Charles, Co. A, Ist Cav.; must. Oct, 25, 1864,

Stevens, Philip C., Co. A, 1st Cav.; must. Nov. 17, 1864.

Wentworth, George F., Co. A, 10th Inf.; must. Oct. 16, 1861.

Whitehead, John, Co. F, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company,
July 17, 1863.

Wood, Josiah L., Co. A, lst Cav.; must. Oct. 25, 1864; pro, to corp.

FOREIGN ENLISTMENTS,

Cleaves, Cyrus, Jr., Massachusetts Volunteers.
Cleaves, Frank, Massachusetts Volunteers.

Cole, Clark, Massachusetts Volunteers.

Dyer, Charles, Massachusetts Volunteers.

Dyer, Nathan, Massachusetts Volunteers.

Dyer, William, Pennsylvania Volunteers.

Hill, Daniel, Massachusetts Volunteers.

Smith, George W., 2d Massachusetts Volunteers,
Hight, Albert, U. 8. Navy.

ELIOT.

Adlington, Thomas F., Co. G, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with com-
pany.

Allen, Jedediah, Co. B, 29th Inf.; must. Jan. 14, 1864.

Berry, Moses G., musician, Co, G, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with
company.

Berry, William, Co. G, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Blanchard, Jacob §., Co. G, 27th Ivf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Cole, Ai S., wagoner, Co. G, 27th Inf. ; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Carr, William T., Co. G, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Corcoran, John, Co. E, 15th Inf.; must. Feb. 28, 1865.

Daymon, George W., Co. G, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Dixon, Edmund A., capt., Co. G, 27th Inf. ; must. Sept. 30, 1862 ; disch. with com-
pany, July 17, 1863.

Dixon, Joseph H., Co. G, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company,
July 17, 1863.

Decoff, Charles, Co.G, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company, July
17, 1863.

Frost, Harrison T., Co. G, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862 ; disch. with company.

Hanscom, John F., Co. G, 27th Inf. ; must. Sept. 30, 1862 ; disch. with company.

Hill, John R., Co. G, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Holt, Otis, Co. G, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Hayes, Calvin L., Co. G, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862 ; pro. to sergt.; to major;
disch. with regiment.

Mealey, John, Co. G, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Mason, John, Co. G, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Paul, Elbridge R., Co. G, 27th Inf.; must. Sept, 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Paul, Henry M., Co. G, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Roberts, John, Co. G, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Roberts, Joshua, Co,G, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Remick, Henry, Co. F, 32d Inf.; veteran; must. April 16,1864; taken prisoner
Sept. 30; trans. to 31st Inf.

Ross, Barton H., Co. B, 29th Inf.; must. Jan. 14, 1864; pro. to corp. and to sergt.

Shapleigh, John, Co. G, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company,

Shapleigh, Morris G., Co. G, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Shapleigh, Roscoe G., Co. G, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862 ; disch. with company.

Shapleigh, William H., Co, G, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with com-
pany.

Staples, William H., Co. G, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Stevens, Milton H., Co. F, 32d Inf.; veteran; must. April 16, 1864; trans. to 31st
Vet. Inf.

Sullivan, Matthew, Ist Vet. Reserve; must. March 29, 1865.

Tobey, Samuel A., Co. G, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Tucker, William H., Co. G, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Tuttle, Joseph G., Co. G, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; died Dec. 18, 1862.

Varney, Elijah, Co.G, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; diseh. with company.

Wells, John, Co. G, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Watson, Willard, Co. G, 15th Inf.; must. Jan. 14; missing, July 30, 1865.

FOREIGN ENLISTMENTS.

Butler, Joseph G., 6th New Hampshire Infantry.
Davis, Enoch G., 32d Massachusetts Infantry.
Dixon, Hiram L., U. 8. Navy.

Estes, James T., 33d Massachusetts Infantry.

 

Fernald, Charles G., 33d Massachusetts Infantry.
Frost, Caleb 8., 6th New Hampshire Infantry.
Hanscom, Ai, 37th Massachusetts Infantry.
Hanscom, George, Ist Massachusetts Volunteers.
Hammond, William, New Hampshire Volunteers.
Harrington, Michael, U. 8. Army.

Jordan, Francis, U.S. Army.

Leslie, George T., 17th United States Infantry.
Libby, Alfred H., New Hampshire Volunteers.
Murphy, Hiram P., New Hampshire Volunteers.
Paul, Moses N., 9th New Hampshire Infantry.
Rogers, John S., New Hampshire Volunteers.
Spinney, Horace, 16th New Hampshire Infantry.
Spinney, James A., 17th New Hampshire Infantry.
Spinney, Nathaniel, 17th New Hampshire Infantry.
Spinney, Azariah, U.S. Navy.

Spinney, Lyman, U. 8. Navy.

Simpson, Henry H., 9th New Hampshire Infantry.
Tobey, William, 45th Massachusetts Infantry.
Welch, James, 7th New Hampshire Infantry.
Whidden, Andrew, New Hampshire Volunteers.

HOLLIS.

Akers, John M., 4th Bat, M. Art.; must. Feb. 21, 1865.

Akers, Joseph W., 4th Bat. M. Art. ; must. Feb. 21, 1865.

Armbruster, Hubert, Co. E, 2d Cav.; must. Oct. 12, 1864; pro. to U.S. Col.
Troops.

Atkinson, Samuel D., sergt., Co. —, 12th Inf.; must. Nov. 15, 1861; disch. Nov.
16, 1864.

Buckley, John, Co. K, 15th Inf.; must. March 16, 1865.

Brown, Ephraim, 2d M. Art.; must. Oct. 11, 1864.

Bradbury, James, Co. F, 30th Inf.; must. Dec. 29,1863; taken prisoner April 9,
1864; exchanged; discharged.

Burnham, Freeman, Oo. C, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; died June 26, 1863,

Bradeen, Gardner B., Co. G, 6th Inf.; must. July 15, 1861; disch. Feb. 5, 1863.

Brown, John, Co. G,12th Inf.; must. July 15, 1861; died Nov. 12, 1863.

Burnham, Robert, Co. I, Ist Cav.; must. Oct. 31, 1861; died at Alexandria,
Va., August, 1862.

Burnham, George R., Co. F, 16th Inf.; must. Aug. 14, 1862; wounded at Get-
tysburg, July 1; disch. May 13, 1965.

Bail, William, Co. C, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Boody, Sylvester O., Co. C, 27th Inf. ; must. Sept. 30,1862; disch. with company.

Brown, Philip A., Co. C, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Brooks, Francis, Co. I, lst Cav.; must. Dec. 31, 1863; disch. June 10, 1865,

Cole, Samuel W., Co. G, 12th Inf.; must. July 15, 1861; disch. with company,
1864,

Clough, Levi L., wagouer, Co. C, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862 ; disch. with
company, July 17, 1863.

Cherry, James, Co. A, 14th Inf.; must. Feb. 24; drowned May 13, 1865.

Dearborn, Paul C., Co. C, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Dow, Simon B., Co. C, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; pro. to corp.; disch. with
company.

Dyer, William A., Co. C, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Dyer, Charles H., Co. F, 30th Inf.; must. Dec. 29, 1863; veteran.

Elbridge, Philander, Co. C, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; discharged with
company.

Fass, Enos L., musician, Co. C, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30,1862; disch. with com-
pany.

Foster, John B., Co. C, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Ferguson, John A., Co. C, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; died May 5, 1863.

Guilford, Woodman P., Co, H, 12th Inf.; must. Nov. 15, 1861.

Guilford, George, Co. H, 14th Inf.; must. Jan. 27, 1862; died Sept. 23, 1863.

Graffam, Joseph, Co. C, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Guilford, Charles, Co. C, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Guilford, Ira, Co. K, 15th Inf.; must. March 15; died Sept. 25, 1865.

Gammon, La Fayette, Co. K, 15th Inf.; must. March 24, 1865.

Guilford, Charles, Co. G, 9th Inf.; must. Sept.’29, 1864; substitute.

Gushee, Frederick A., Co. G, 9th Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1864; substitute.

Hodsdon, Moses M., Co. I, 1st Cav.; must. Oct. 31,1861; wounded July 16; died
July 18, 1863.

Hackett, Asa., lst Inf.; must.; missing; re-mustered, Dec. 12, 1863, in Co. E,
9th Inf.

Hodgdon, Abram B., Co. F, 16th Inf.; must. Aug. 14, 1862 ; disch. Sept, 21, 1863.

Haley, John C., Co. A, 30th Inf.; must. Jan. 9, 1864; pro. to sergt.; disch. with
company.

Hodgdon, Giles W., Co. F, 9th Inf.; must. Sept. 27, 1864; substitute.

Johnson, John, Jr., Co. C, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30,1862; disch. with company.

Kennison, William G., Co. A, 8th Inf.; must. Sept.21, 1864; disch. June 12,1865.

Kimball, Caleb, sergt., Co. H, 12th Inf.; must. Nov. 15, 1861; pro. to Ist lieut.
Sept. 6, 1863; wounded at Winchester, Sept. 19, 1864; disch. with com-
pany.

Kimball, Hiram, Co. I, 1st Cav.; must. Oct. 31, 1861; died Jan. 8, 1862.

Kintich, Eben S., Co, C, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Kimball, Lewis, Co. C, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Knights, John H., Co. C, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Kelley, Thomas (2d), 2d Bat. M. Art.; must. Oct. 10, 1864; disch. 1865.

Libby, Stephen, Co. A, 8th Inf.; must. Sept. 21, 1864; disch. June 12, 1865.
WAR OF THE REBELLION. 133

 

 

Munson, George W., corp., Co. A, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861.

Munson, Charles H., 10th Inf.

Merrill, Meroil §., 12th Inf.

Manson, Charles H., sergt., Co. C, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with
company.

Mansfield, William, Co. A, 8th Inf.; must. Sept. 21,1864; missing at Fair Oaks.

Nason, Nathan P.,sergt , Co. C, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30,1862; disch. with com-
pany.

Nason, Freeman, Co. C, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Perkins, Francis A., Co. F, 14th Inf.; must. Feb. 27, 1865; pro. to corp.

Palmer, James W., Co. L, 2d Cay.; must. Dec, 24, 1863.

Palmer, Nathan, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861; missing July 24, 1862.

Phillips, Sewall, Co, A, 10 Inf.; must. Aug. 4, 1861; killed at Cedar Mountain,
Va., Aug. 8, 1862.

Pike, Benjamin F., Co. F, 16th Cav.; must, Aug. 14, 1862; trans. to Invalid
Corps, 1863.

Palmer, James W., Co. C, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Rennell, Horace, Co. C, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company,

Ridlon, Gideon W. T., Co, C, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with com-
pany.

Ross, Albert, Co. C, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Reed, Thomas L., Co. F, 30th Inf.; must. Dec. 29, 1863.

Ryan, Richard, Co. C, 9th Inf.; must. Sept. 26, 1864; substitute.

Runnells, Henry B., Co. E, 9th Inf.; must. Jan. 1, 1864; wounded Oct. 27, 1864.

Sargent, William O., sergt., Co. A, 10th Inf.; must. Oct. 16, 1861.

Smith, Melville B., Co. F, 16th Inf.; must. Aug. 14, 1862; wounded Aug. 18,
1864; disch. Feb. 27, 1865.

Smith, Milbury S., Co. C, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862 ; disch. with company.

Smith, Rufus A., Co. I, lst Cav.; must. Feb. 29, 1864; wounded Oct. 27, 1864.

Strout, Miles W., Co. E, 3d Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1863; trans. to 17th Inf., 1864.

Sargent, William O., veteran, Cu. F, 30th Inf.; must. Dec. 29, 1863.

Sullivan, Charles, Co. E, 11th Inf.; must. Oct. 12, 1864.

Smith, Arthur W., Co. HE, 29th Inf.; must. Feb. 27; disch. May 14, 1865.

Sweeney, Owen, Co. I, 3d Inf.; must. Oct. 2, 1863; conscript.

Smith, William L., Co. K, 7th Inf.; must. Aug. 21, 1861; re-enl. in U. 8. Regu-
lars, Jan. 27, 1863.

Tarbox, Chandler H., Co. F, 12th Inf.; must Nov. 15, 1861; died at New Orleans,

a July 3, 1862.

Tarbox, Frank L., Co. F, 16th Inf.; must. Aug. 14, 1862; pro. to corp. and sergt.;
disch. with company, 1864.

Tarbox, John H., Co. K, 30th Inf.; must. Jan. 9, 1864; trans. to Co. E; disch.
June 16, 1865.

Tarbox, James B., Co. A, 32d Inf.; must. March 3, 1864; trans. to 3lst Maine
Veterans, December, 1864.

Wing, Gorham A., District of Columbia Cav.; must. Feb. 19, 1864.

Wormwood, Chas. P., 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861; detached to gunboat, 1862.

Warren, Joseph F., 2d lieut., Co. C, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; pro. to 1st
lieut. and capt.; disch. July 17, 1863.

Wormwood, Charles P., substitute, Co. C, 9th Inf.; must. Oct. 1, 1864.

Wheelan, Patrick, Co. K, 15th Inf.; must. March 23, 1865.

FOREIGN ENLISTMENTS.

Bean, Burnice R., 5th New Hampshire Volunteers.
Bean, Edward, 24d New Hampshire Volunteers,

Foss, John, Massachusetts Volunteers.

Hutchinson, Cyrus W., 5th New Hampshire Infantry.
Kimball, Josiah P., Rhode Island Volunteers.
Manson, Charles H., New Hampshire Volunteers.
Manson, James H., 4th Massachusetts Volunteers,
Pennell, Arthur, 35th Massachusetts Infantry.

KENNEBUNK.

Bernhold, Harvey M., Co. K, 11th Inf.; must. Dec. 17, 1864; missing, Aug. 4,
1865.

Brown, James, Co. K, 11th Inf.; must. Dec. 17, 1864; missing, 1865.

Bennett, Charles, Co. K, 8th Inf.; must. Aug. 11, 1862; disch. June 12, 1865.

Boston, Calvin, Co. K, 8th Inf.; must. Aug. 15, 1862; disch. June 12, 1865.

Brown, Charles, Co. K, 8th Inf.; must. Aug. 15, 1862; disch. April 27, 1865.

Brown, Joseph T., Co. K, 8th Inf.; must. Aug. 15, 1862.

Bryant, Seth E., capt., Co. I, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; res. Nov. 24, 1862.

Burnham, Chas. L., Co. I, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company,

Butland, Nathaniel, Co. I, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Buttrick, Benj., Co. I, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Cole, Samuel, sergt., Co. F, 8th Inf.; must. Sept. 7, 1861; disch. with company.

Clark, William, Co. F, 8th Inf.; must. Sept. 7, 1861; re-cnlisted; pro. to corp. ;
died Oct. 20, 1864.

Collins, William II., Co. F, 8th Inf.; must. Aug. 15, 1862; missing after battle,
Oct. 27, 1864; disch. June 11, 1865.

Cousens, Oliver M., Co. F, 8th Inf.; must. Sept. 7, 1861; disch. June 24, 1862.

Clark, Eleazer, Co. —, 8th Inf.; must. Aug. 15, 1862; pro. to corp. of regiment
of pioneers, 1864.

Cole, John G., Co. I, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862, disch. with company.

Cousens, Wm. B., Co. I, 27th Tnf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Clark, Eleazer, Co. C, 8th Inf.; must. Aug. 15, 1862.

Dutch, George S., Co. F, 8th Inf.; must. Sept. 7, 1861; re-enl. Aug. 29, 1864 ;
wounded June 3, 1864; disch. June 1, 1865.

 

Drown, Orlando, Co. I, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Dolan, Thomas, Co. K, 11th Inf.; must. Dec. 17, 1864; disch. June 12, 1865.

Emerson, George, Co. F, 7th Inf.; must. Aug. 21,1861; trans. to Co. G; disch.
March 8, 1862.

Emerson, George W., Co. F, 7th Inf.; must. Aug. 21, 1861.

Emons, George, Co. F, 7th Inf., must. Sept. 30, 1861; disch, March 8, 1862.

Emerson, Washington, Co. F, 8th Inf.; must. Sept. 7, 1861; died at Beaufort,
N.C., Dec. 27, 1863.

Emery, Lorenzo 8., Co. C, 5th Inf.; must. June 24,1861; missing Sept. 7, 1862.

Emery, Isaac M., Ist sergt., Co. I, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; detached to
band ; disch. 1863.

Emerson, Geo. W., Co. I, 27th Inf ; must. Sept. 30, 1862 ; disch. with company.

Emory, John F., Co. I, 8th Inf.; must. Sept. 26, 1864; disch. June 11, 1865.

Emory, John H., Co. I, 8th Inf.; must. Oct. 10, 1864; disch. Oct. 10, 1865.

Grant, Nicholas, wagoner, Co. I, 27th Inf., must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with
company.

Garland, Charles E., Co. I, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Garland, Albra, Co. I, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Gooch, Charles W., Co. I, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Gooch, John B., Co. I, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Gooch, William H , Co. I, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch, with company.

Goodwin, Tristram, band, Ist Cay.; must. Nov. 2, 1861; disch. Aug. 26, 1862.

Goff, Cyrus B., Co. F, 8th Inf.; must. Ang. 15, 1862; missing in battle, Oct. 27,
1864; disch. June 30, 1865.

Grant, Charles F., Co, F, 8th Inf. ; must. Aug, 15, 1862; disch. June 5, 1865.

Green, Lewis A , Co. A, 10th Inf.; must. Oct. 15, 1861; missing June 1, 1862.

Griffin, Alvin E., Co. —, 8th Inf.; must. Aug. 15, 1862.

Hubbard, Benjamin, Co. C, 8th Inf.; must. Aug. 15, 1862; trans. to regimental
pioneers, 1864.

Hill, Charles H., corp., Co. I, 8th Inf. ; must. Aug. 26, 1862; disch. June 11, 1865,

Harris, Daniel F., Co, B, 14th Inf.; must. March 2, 1865.

Hawkes, Benjamin F., Co. B, 14th Inf.; must. Aug. 25, 1862.

Hatch, George W., Co. A, 10th Inf. ; must. Oct. 15, 1861; disch. with company.

Banscom, John W., Co. K, 14th Inf.; must. Dec. 17, 1861; disch. June 25, 1862.

Hill, Jos. C., 2d liout., Co. A, 1st Cav. ; must. Oct. 19,1861; resigned Oct. 24, 1862.

Hubbard, Benjamin, Co —, 8th Inf.; must. Aug. 15, 1862.

Haley, James C., Co, I, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Hanscom, Chas. H., Co. I, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Hill, Samuel L., Co. I, 27th Inf.; must, Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Hubbard, Chas. §., Co. I, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Junkins, Albert, Co, F, 8th Inf.; must. Sept. 7, 1861; missing at Drury’s Bluff,
May 16, 1864; disch. June 11, 1865.

Junkins, Horace, corp., Co. F, 8th Inf.; must. Aug. 15, 1862; wounded at Dru-
ry’s Bluff, May 16, 1864; died at Andersonville, Ga., prison.

Junkins, William, Co. F, 8th Inf.; must. Aug. 15, 1862; wounded at Drury’s
Bluff, May 16, 1864.

Junkins, Robert P., band, Ist Cav.; must. Nov, 2, 1861; disch. Aug. 26, 1862.

Jackson, Anthony, Co. I, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Jose, Thomas L., Co. I, 27th Inf.; must. Sept.30, 1862; disch. with company.

Knight, David B., Co. F, 8th Inf.; must. Sept. 7, 1861, and March 29, 1864 ; died
April 18, 1865.

Kimball, Alpheus T., Co. I, 27th Inf. ; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Kimball, Charles, Co. I, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Littlefield, Naum, Co. A, 10th Inf.; must. Oct. 4, 1861; disch. April 24, 1863.

Littlefield, Joseph, Co. A, 10th Inf.; must. Oct. 16, 1861; pro. to corp., 1863;
trans. to Co. F, 29th Inf.

Littlefield, Orin R., Co. —, 8th Inf.; mu st. Aug. 16, 1862.

Lowell, Marshall, Co. —, 8th Inf.; must. Aug. 13, 1862.

Littlefield, Henry L., sergt., Co. I, 27th Inf. ; must. Sept. 30, 1862 ; pro. 2d lieut. ;
disch. with . ompany.

Larrabee, Edward N., corp., Co. I, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862 ; declined serv-
ing as corp.; disch. with company.

Littlefield, Daniel M., Co. D, 8th Inf.; must. Aug. 16, 1862; died at Beaufort,
N. C., March 21, 1864.

Moody, John, Co. A, 10th Inf.; must. Oct. 4, 1861; died at Relay House, Md.,
Jan. 3, 1862.

Maxwell, Lyman, Co. —, 8th Inf.; must. Aug. 15, 1862.

Manson, John S., Co. I, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

McCulloch, Adam, Jr., Co. I, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with com-
pany.

Merrill, Jonas F., Co. I, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Moody, James E., Co. I, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Murray, John (1st), Co. K, 11th Inf.; must. Dec. 7, 1864.

Murray, John (2d), Co, K, 11th Inf.; must. Dec. 7, 1864.

Nason, Charles, Co. —, 8th Jnf.; must. Aug. 15, 1862.

Nason, Charles H., 8th Inf.; must. Aug. 15, 1862. :

Oakes, Benj. F., Co. EB, 1st Inf.; must. May 3, 1861, for three months; disch.

Oakes, Benjamin F., curp., Co. E, 10th Inf.; must. Oct. 4, 1861; pro. to sergt. ;
disch. on account of wounds, Dec, 23, 1862.

Oukes, George W., Co. I, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1s625 disch. with company.

O’Brien, Owen, Co. G, 8th Inf.; must. Aug. 25, 1862; disch. Jan. 18, 1863.

Plummer, Adjutant A., Co. F, Sth Inf.; must. Sept. 7, 1861 ; re-ent., 1864.

Perkins, Otis, Co. 1, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. witht company.

Robinson, Emery $., Co. I, 27th Inf. ; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Robinson, Geo. E., Co. I, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Robinson, Horace V., Co. I, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862 ; pro. to corp. ; disch.
with company.
134 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

Robinson, Orrin W., Co. I, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Remick, Benjamin, Co. H, 8th Inf.; must. Feb. 11, 1862; re-enl. Feb. 29, 1864.

Rideout, Alvah J., Co.—, 8th Inf.; must. Aug. 15, 1862.

Sargent, Harrison, Co. C, 5th Inf. ; must. September 19; missing June 30, 1862.

Stone, James M., maj., 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 19, 1862; pro. to lieut.-col., Jan.
30, 1863; disch. with regiment, July 17, 1863.

Simpson, Henry D., Co. —, 8th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862.

Smith, Emerson, Co, A, 10th Inf.; must. Oct. 4, 1861; disch. April 24, 1863.

Stevens, Frederick, Co. A, 10th Inf.; must. Oct. 4, 1861; disch. Feb. 4, 1863.

Stevens, Franklin, Co. K, 14th Inf.; must. Dec. 21, 1861; missing at Augusta,
Me., in 1862.

Stevens, Owen B., unassigned Inf.; must. with company, April 25, 1865; disch.
with company, May 29, 1865.

Smith, Joseph K., Co. A, 14th Inf.; must. March 3, 1865.

Treadwell, John W., Co. O, 8th Inf.; must. Aug, 15, 1862; disch, June 11, 1865.

Taylor, Horace, Co, K, 14th Inf.; must. Dec. 21, 1861.

Treadwell, John W., Co, —, 8th Inf.; must. Aug. 15, 1862.

Taylor, George, Co. I, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Taylor, Horace, Co. I, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Tripp, Charles D., Co. I, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; pro. to corp.; disch.
with company.

Vaughan, Edward D., Co. F, 8th Inf.; must. Aug. 15, 1862; missing in battle,
Oct. 27,1864; died at Andersonville prison.

Veazie, James, Co. K, 8th Inf.; must. Aug. 15, 1862; died at Portsmouth, Va.,
July 29, 1864. *

Webster, Jesse H., Co. F, 8th Inf.; must. Aug. 11, 1862; trans, to Vet. Res. Corps,
1864.

Webster, Charles J., Co. F, 8th Inf.; must. Aug. 11, 1862; died at Hilton Head,
June 10, 1863.

Wentworth, George A., Co. —, 8th Inf.; must. Aug. 15, 1862.

Wakefield, Geo. W., Co. I, 27th Inf. ; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Wells, Hartley L., Co. I, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Wells, Octavius E., Co. I, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1863; disch. with company.

Worth, Charles 8., sergt., Co. I, 8th Inf.; must. Aug. 26, 1862; disch. June
11, 1865.

Wilson, Bernard, Co. K, Ist H. Art. ; must, Sept. 8, 1863; trans. from 17th Inf.;
wounded 1865; disch. with company.

2 FOREIGN ENLISTMENTS.

Batland, Edward D., 2d Massachusetts Volunteers.
Bryant, Orville D., 38th Massachusetts Volunteers.
Brown, Charles, U. 8. Navy.

Brown, Joseph, U.S. Navy.

Brown, Samuel, U. 8. Navy.

Emerson, Amos C., lst Massachusetts Artillery.
Hatch, Robert, 2d Massachusetts Volunteers,

Hill, James P., 2d Massachusetts Volunteers.
Hatch, Joshua R., 50th Massachusetts Infantry.
Kimball, Charles, 5th Massachusetts Volunteers.
Kimball, Israel, 6th New Hampshire Infantry.
Kimball, Edward W., 11th Massachusetts Infantry.
Knight, Joseph G., 31st Massachusetts Infantry.
Kimball, Frank, U.S. Navy.

Littlefield, Frederick H., U. 8. Navy.

Littlefield, Gustavus B., U. 8. Navy.

Mitchell, Furbur, Massachusetts Volunteers.
Oakes, George H., 43d Massachusetts Infantry.
Ross, William, 42d New York Infantry.

Stevens, Jesse, 2d Massachusetts Volunteers.
Thompson, Benjamin F., Massachusetts Volunteers.
Taylor, John, 2d Massachusetts Volunteers.
Thompson, Charles, U. 8. Navy.

Wormwood, Jeremiah P., U.S. Navy.

Wakefield, Gilbert, 1st Massachusetts Cavalry.

KENNEBUNKPORT.

Adams, Jesse W., Co. B, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861; disch. with company,
July 27, 1864.

Adams, Oliver B., Ist Bat. M. Art.; must. Nov. 7, 1864; disch. 1865.

Babb, Leonard P., 8th Inf.; must. Aug. 26, 1862.

Bennett, Charles, 8th Inf.; must. Aug. 11, 1862.

Bryant, Frederick S., 2d lieut., Co. D, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; pro. to
Ist lieut., March 1, 1863; disch. with company, July 17, 1863.

Benson, James A., Co. D, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company,

Baker, Albert, Co. K, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Benson, George A., Co. A, 31st Inf.; must. March 3, 1864; disch., 1865, with
company.

Benson, George H., Co, A, 32d Maine; transferred; must. March 3, 1864,

Connors, John, Co. C, 11th Inf.; must. Nov. 26, 1864; substitute; disch. Nov. 25,
1865.

Curtis, Benjamin I., Co. F, 31st Inf.; must. April 5, 1864; prisoner; exchanged ;

, trans. to 31st Maine Regt., June, 1865.

Deshon, John A., 10th Inf., and Co. A, 29th Veterans; missing Oct. 27, 1861.

Dunham, Joseph, 9th Inf.; must. Nov. 13, 1862.

Davis, Charles I, Co. K, 27th Inf., must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Deshon, Elijah, Co. K, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

 

Day, George, Co. D, 11th Inf.; must. Aug. 28, 1862; pro. to sergt. and to Ist
sergt.; disch. June 20, 1865.

Dyer, Robert, Co, H, 11th Inf.; must. Noy. 11, 1864; substitute.

Elliott, Samuel B., Co. K, 1st Cav.; must. Feb. 16, 1864; trans. from District
Columbia Cav.

Edwards, Charles M., Ist Vet. Res. Corps; must. April 14, 1865.

Elliott, Samuel B., Co. H, 1st District Columbia Cay. ; must. Feb. 27, 1864,

Edward, Louis E., Co. A, 11th Inf.; must. Nov. 26, 1864; disch. Nov. 25, 1865.

Gordon, Andrew B., Co. K, 13th Inf.; must. Dec, 31, 1861; re-enlisted Feb. 29,
1864; transferred.

Gooch, Hiram T., Co. I, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Grant, Seth, Jr., sergt., Co. K, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with com-
pany.

Goodwin, Henry J., sergt., Co. K, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; pro. to 1st lieut.
Jan. 28, 1863 ; disch. with company.

Gustin, Benjamin F., Co. A, 32d Inf.; must. March 3, 1864; disch. Aug. 26,1864.

Graffam, Andrew J., Co. C, 11th Inf.; must. Nov. 15, 1864; substitute.

Hill, Charles H., 8th Inf.; must. Aug. 26, 1862.

Hutchinson, Charles L., Co. D, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; pro. to corp.;
disch, with company.

Hill, Barnabas P., Co. I, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Hutchins, Frank A., Ist lieut., Co. K, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; pro. to
capt., Jan. 28, 1863; disch. with company, July 17, 1863.

Hanscom, Elias, Co. K, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Hutchins, Ezra, Co. K, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Hutchins, Erastus, Co. K, 27th Inf.; must. Sept 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Hutchins, George, Co. K, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Hutchius, Octavius, Co. K, 27th Inf. ; must. Sept. 30, 1862 ; disch. with company.

Hill, King S., Co. H, 31st Inf.; must. April 21, 1864; disch. 1865.

Johnson, Charles, Co. C, 11th Inf.; must. Nov. 25, 1864; substitute.

Jeffrey, Henry, Co. D, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Jennison, Maverick M., corp., Co. D, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; pro. to
sergt.; disch. with company.

Jordan, Joseph, Co. B, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861; missing Sept. 24, 1861.

Jeffrey, Jesse, Co. B, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861; wounded May 10, 1864;
disch. with company.

Kelley, Jeremiah, Co. B, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861; trans. to Invalid Corps,
1864.

Knights, Abel A., 10th Inf.

King, Thomas J., Co. K, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch, with company.

King, Charles, Co. C, 11th Inf.; must.Oct. 13, 1864; substitute; disch. Oct. 12,
1865.

Lydstone, Moses D., Co. A, 11th Inf.; must. Oct. 28, 1864; disch. Oct. 27, 1865.

Littlefield, Charles H., Co. K, 27th Inf. ; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with com-
pany.

Lunt, John W., Co. K, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Lord, William H., Co, H, 11th Inf.; must. Nov. 28, 1864; substitute.

Lord, Wesley, Co. K, 13th Inf.; must. Dec. 13, 1861; pro. to sergt.; disch. with
company.

Littlefield, Orin R., Co. —, 8th Inf.; must. Aug. 16, 1862. .

Lord, George W., Co. —, 8th Inf.; must. Aug. 16, 1862.

Littlefield, Daniel J., Co. I, 20th Inf.; must. Aug. 29, 1862.

Littlefield, Moses, Co. I, 20th Inf.; must. Aug. 29, 1862; died at Antietam, Oct.
30, 1862.

Libby, Aaron R., Co. D, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Monroe, David, Co. H, 11th Inf.; must. Oct. 18, 1864; disch. 1865.

MacDougald, Robert B. M., Co. —, 9th Inf. ; must. Nov. 13, 1862.

McIntire, Henry, Co, K, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Mitchell, Chas. H., Co. K, 27th Inf. ; must. Sept. 30, 1862 ; disch. with company.

Mullen, John, Co. B, 11th Inf.; must. Oct. 11, 1864; substitute.

McGrath, Jeremiah, Co. E, 8th Inf.; must. Dec. 7, 1864; substitute; disch. Dec.
6, 1865.

Maddox, Greenleaf, Co. D, 11th Inf.; must. Aug. 26, 1862; disch. June 12, 1865.

Nunan, William H., Co. A, 5th Inf.; must. Sept. 7, 1862; trans. to Navy, April
13, 1864.

Nason, Frank, Co, —, 8th Inf.; must. Aug. 26, 1862.

Newell, Leander R., Co. H, 11th Inf.; must. Nov. 26, 1864; substitute.

O’Brien, Owen, Co, —, 8th Inf.; must. Aug. 25, 1862.

O'Brien, William, Co, H, 11th Inf.; must. Nov. 15, 1864 ; substitute.

Perry, Pharoah, Co. D, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Perry, William, Co. D, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Quinney, James, Co. D, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company..

Stearns, William G., 3d Bat. M. Art.; must. Oct. 28, 1864; conscript.

Smith, George, Co. H, 17th Inf.; must. Nov. 21, 1864; disch. May 23, 1865.

Smith, Woodbury, Co. D, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Small, Arthur L., Co, K, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Smith, James B., Co. K, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Small, Joseph L., Jr., Co. G, 31st Inf.; must. April 16, 1864; taken prisoner
Sept. 30, 1864; disch. June 5, 1865,

Taylor, Charles A., Co. H, Ist Cay.

Tindall, Charles, Co. H, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861; disch. with company.

Tarbox, Charles, Co. —, 8th Inf.; must. Aug. 26, 1862.

Thurston, Milton, Co. D, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1861; disch. with company.

Taylor, Daniel D., Co, K, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1861; pro. to corp.; disch,
with company.

Upson, Isaiah, Co. K, 32d Inf.; must. May 6, 1864; trans, to 31st Inf.

Wildes, Benjamin B., Co. —, 3d Inf.
WAR OF THE REBELLION.

Worth, Charles 8., Co. —, 8th Inf.; must. Aug. 26, 1862.

Walker, Joseph, Co. I, 20th Inf.; must. Aug. 29, 1862; missing Jan. 25, 1864.
Wakefield, George, Co. D, 27th Inf. ; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.
Wildes, Erastus, Co. D, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.
Welch, Fred. N., Co. D, 11th Inf.; must. Aug. 26, 1862; disch. 1865,

FOREIGN ENLISTMENTS.

Atkins, Edwin W., Massachusetts Volunteers.
Buck, Benjamin F., Massachusetts Volunteers.
Bell, Thomas W., U. 8. Navy.

Cole, James B., U. 8. Navy.

Cleaves, Lunt, 6th Massachusetts Battery.
Deshon, Stephen M., New Hampshire Volunteers,
Dresser, Ephraim K., Rhode Island Battery.
Ellis, Peter S., Massachusetts Volunteers.

Ellis, Thomas, Massachusetts Volunteers.
Fairfield, Edward,New York Excelsior Brigade.
Hutchins, Cornelius W., Massachusetts Volunteers.
Hill, Thomas, 26th Massachusetts Infantry.
Hutchins, Lewis, 1st Massachusetts Volunteers.
Jenneson, M. M., Massachusetts Volunteers.
Neal, Franklin, Massachusetts Volunteers.
Patterson, Solomon K., U.S. Navy.

Parker, George, New Hampshire Volunteers.
Rounds, Theodore, U. 8. Navy.

Russell, Joseph, U. 8. Navy.

Randall, James, U. §. Navy.

Thompson, Charles, Massachusetts Volunteers.
Willard, Benjamin, 26th Massachusetts Infantry.

KITTERY.

Achorn, Casper, Co. K, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; pro. to corp. and sergt.;
disch. with company.

Ayers, Henry T., Co. K, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; disch. Feb. 23, 1863.

Adams, John F., Co. G, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company,
July 17, 1863.

Allen, Charles H., Co. G, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company,
July 17, 1863.

Bean, Elbridge, Co. A, 31st Inf.; must. March 3, 1864.

Bickford, John N., Co. A, 31st Inf.; must. March 3, 1864.

Butland, Augustus F., sergt., Co. K, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; wounded
at Gettysburg; died Sept. 5, 1863.

Bunker, Daniel B., Co. K, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; missing at Gettys-
burg, July 2, 1863.

Burnham, John C., Co. K, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; wounded May 6,
1864; disch. Feb. 20, 1865.

Boiard, Robert, sergt., Co. G, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with com-
pany, July 17, 1863.

Berry, Moses G., musician, Co. G, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with
company, July 17, 1863.

Bowden, Charles A., Co. G, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with com-
pany, July 17, 1863.

Bracy, James F., Co. G, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company,
July 17, 1863.

Brown, James W., Co. G, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company,
July 17, 1863.

Churchill, Robert J., Co. K, 17th Inf,; must. Aug. 18, 1862; trans. to Navy,
April 24, 1864.

Crosby, Harry, Co. K, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; pro. to sergt.; wounded
July 2, 1863; pro. to Ist sergt.; disch. with company.

Chapman, William W., Co. G, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; pro. to corp.;
disch. with company. -

Chase, Romanty E., Co. G, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company,

Chick, Sylvester, Co. G, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Clough, Charles, Co. G, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Cottle, Oliver, Co. G, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Caswell, Timothy, Co. A, 31st Inf.; must. March 3, 1864.

Cole, Charles H., Co. A, 31st Inf.; must. March 3, 1864; parole prisoner.

Cole, Edward P., Co. A, Coast Guards H. Art.; must. Sept. 1, 1862; disch. Sept.
13, 1862.

Duncan, Edwin A., corp., Co. K, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; pro. to sergt.
and Ist sergt.; wounded May 12, 1864; ‘pro. to 2d lieut., Co. D; disch.
with company.

Davis, Henry, Co. A, Coast Guards H. Art.; must. Oct. 18, 1861.

Kastman, Frank, unassigned Inf.; must. April 25, 1865.

Fernald, Warren, corp., Co. G, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. Jan. 24,
1863.

Fernald, Alonzo, corp., Co. G, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with eom-
pany.

Fernald, Benjamin, Co. G, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Fernald, Simon, Co. G, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Foy, Isaac M., Co. G, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Frisbie, Josiah P., Co. G, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company,

Fernald, John, Co. A, 3lst Inf.; must. March 3, 1864.

Grace, James, 29th unassigned Inf.; must. April 25, 1865.

Grace, George H., 29th unassigned Inf.; must. April 25, 1865.

 

135

Goodwin, Charles, Co. F, 31st Inf.; must. April 5, 1864; pro. to corp.

Grant, Isaiah, Co. F, 31st Inf.; must. April 5, 1864; disch. May 22, 1865.

Grace, Hiram M., Co. A, 31st Inf.; must. March 3, 1864.

Goodwin, Valentine H., Co. K, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862.

Grace, Andrew J., Jr., Co. K, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; wounded at Get-
tysburg; wounded May 12, 1864; disch. Jan. 2, 1865.

Greenleaf, Edgar, sergt., Co. G, 27th Inf. ; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch, with com-
pany.

Gerry, Jotham II, corp., Co. G, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with
company. -

Goodsoe, Jonathan, Co. G, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; died April 10, 1863.

Goodsoe, Herbert, Co. G, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Grace, Hiram M., Co. G, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Tamilton, John, 5th Inf.

Hamilton, William A., 10th Inf.

Hart, William P., Co. K, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; pro. to sergt.; disch.
with company.

Hussey, Daniel H., Co. K, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; wounded at Gettys-
burg; died May 10, 1864.

Hayes, John W., 1st sergt., Co. G, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with
company.

Hale, Thomas, Co. A, 31st Inf.; must. March 3, 1864; disch. with company.

Hurst, Albert 8, Co. A, 3lst Inf.; must. March 3, 1864; pro. to corp.; disch.
with company.

Hurst, Joseph M., Co. A, 31st Inf.; must, March 3, 1864; missing March 10,
1865.

Hayes, Calvin S., sergt.-maj., 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 19, 1862; disch. with regt.

Hayes, George, corp., 27th Inf.

Ilamilton, John, corp., 27th Inf.; disch. March 18, 1863.

Hanscom, John F., 27th Inf.; disch. March 18, 1863.

Hayes, Charles E., 27th Inf.; disch. March 18, 1863.

Hurd, James C., 27th Inf. ; disch. May 2, 1863.

Jackson, Thomas, Co. K,17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; wounded May 6, 1864;
trans. to Ist H. Art.

Jenkins, Benjamin F., Co. K, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; missing Jan. 23,
1863.

Jackson, Thomas, Battery H, 1st H. Art.; missing 1865.

Jenkins, Benjamin F., Battery H, lst H. Art.; missing Jan. 19, 1863.

Kennison, Horace §., corp., Co. G, 27th Inf ; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with
company.

Keen, Hamden C., Co, G, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Keen, Josiah E., Co. G, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Knox, George F., Co. G, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Lewis, Brackett, Co. F, 31st Inf.; must. April 4, 1864.

Lewis, John W., 29th Co., unassigned infantry ; must. April 25, 1865.

Lydston, Charles J., 29th Co., unassigned infantry ; must. April 25, 1865.

Lunt, Horace, sergt., Co. K, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; disch. with com-
pany.

Laury, Franklin E., Co. G, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch, with company.

Lydston, Charles, Co. G, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Lang, Alfred M., Co. A, 31st Inf.; must. March 3, 1864,

Lambert, John H., Co. A, 31st Inf.; must. March 3, 1864; wounded July 16;
disch. Dec. 4, 1864,

Littlefield, Almon, Co. A, 31st Inf.; must. March 3, 1864; disch. July 27, 1865.

Manson, Ammi, Co, A, 31st Inf.; must. March 3, 1864; disch. June 19, 1865.

Mathews, George, Co. A, 31st Inf.; must. March 3, 1864; taken prisoner; pa-
roled; disch. June 13, 1865.

Manson, Albert, Co. G, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Manson, Horatio, Co. G, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Mitchell, Edwin, Co. G, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Mugudge, Samuel, Co. G, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Manson, Sylvester, Co. F, 31st Inf.; must. April 5, 1864.

Manson, Hiram, 29th Co., unassigned infantry; must. April 25, 1865.

McFadden, Gorham P., sergt., Co. B, 29th Inf.; must. Dec. 29, 1863; pro. to 1st
sergt., 1865.

Neal, Wm. H., corp., Co. K,17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; killed at Gettysburg.

Otis, William M., Co. G, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Parker, Benjamin F., Co. G, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with com-

"pany. : :

Parker, Horace B., Co. G, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Parker, Isaac O., Ist sergt., Co. K, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; wounded at
Gettysburg; died July 7, 1863.

Peckham, Charles W., corp., Co. K, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; missing
Jan. 19, 1863.

Parker, Edward G., Co. K, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; pro. to corp. ; wounded
May 3, 1863; pro. to sergt.; killed May 12, 1864.

Phillips, Hiram B., Co. K, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; died Sept. 5, 1863.

Philbrook, Robert §., Co. B, 27th Inf. ; must. Oct. 15, 1862; disch. with company,
July 17, 1863.

Parker, Joseph D., Ist lieut., Co. G, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch, with
company, July 17, 1863.

Pettigrew, John, corp., Co. G, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with com-
pany, July 17, 1863.

Pettigrew, Colby H., Co. G, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company,
July 17, 1863.

Pickernell, Richard, Co. G, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862 ; disch. with company,
July 17, 1863.
136

HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

Pierce, Daniel, Co. G, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company,
July 17, 1863.
Phillips, John, Co. K, 16th Inf.; must. Sept. 16, 1863; entered U. 8. Navy, April
22, 1864,
Pickernell, James H., Co. A, 31st Inf.; must. March 3, 1864; disch. with com-
pany.
Philbrick, Walter P., 29th Co., unassigned infantry ; must. April 25, 1865.
Rowell, Wesley D., musician, Co. K, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; disch.
with company.
Remick, Jolin H., Co. K, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; wounded May 6, 1864;
discharged.
Rand, Renzi, 29th Co., unassigned infantry; must. April 25, 1865.
Rollins, Charles W., 29th Co., unassigned infantry ; must. April 25, 1865.
Richards, John M., 29th Co., unassigned infantry ; must. April 25, 1865.
Spinney, Justin, Co. A, 31st Inf.; must. March 3, 1864; disch. with company.
Stinson, Andrew J., capt., Co. K, 17th Inf.; must, Aug. 18, 1862; disch. Oct. 5,
1862.
Shackford, Charles E., Co. K, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; disch. May 9, 1863.
Shapleigh, Dennis M., 2d lieut., Co. G, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch.
with company.
Spinney, Nicholas E., sergt., Co. G, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with
company.
Sewall, Joseph A., Co. G, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.
Scriggins, Charles H., Co. G, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with com-
papy.
Spinney, James S., Co. G, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company,
Spinney, Stephen S., Co. G, 27th Inf. ; must. Sept. 30, 1862 ; disch. with company.
Smith, William, Co. G, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.
Stevenson, William, Co. G, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.
Shaw, Parker, Co. A, Coast Guards H. Art.; must. April, 1862.
Tobey, William W., sergt., Co. G, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862 ; disch. with
company,
Trefethen, Horatio W., Co. G, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with
3 company.
Tobey, Hiram, Co. A, 31st Inf.; must. March 3, 1864; disch. with company.
Thompson, John H., Bat. A, Coast Guards H. Art.; must. Sept. 1, 1862.
Wentworth, Mark L., lieut.-col., 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 19, 1862; pro. col., Jan-
uary, 1863; disch. with regt.
Wilson, Thomas H., Co. A, 31st Inf.; must. March 3, 1864; veteran.
Wilson, Alonzo P., Co. A, 31st Inf.; must. March 3, 1864; disch. June 6, 1865.
Withers, James, Co. C, 30th Inf.; must. Jan. 12, 1864; trans, 1864.
Williams, Joseph B., corp., Co. G, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with
company.
Willey, Frederick L., musician, Co. G, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch.
with company. .
Waldron, Manning, Co. G, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; died Dec. 3, 1862.
Williams, Josiah (3d), Co. G, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with com-
pauy.
Wilson, George, Co. G, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.
Wallace, Winthrop A., Co. F, 31st Inf.; must. April 4, 1864; disch. with com-
pany.
Willey, Frederick L., 29th Co., unassigned Inf.; must. Apri] 25, 1865.
Young, Augustus D., Co. G, 27th Inf. ; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

FOREIGN ENLISTMENTS.

Albertis, Marshall, U. 8. Navy.

Allen, John L., U. 8. Navy.

Billings, Richard, U. 8. Navy.

Blake, William H., New Hampshire Volunteers.
Billings, Thomas, U. 8. Navy.

Burt, James, U. 8S. Navy.

Coe, Horace, 6th Vermont Infantry.

Cox, Joseph E., carpenter, U.S. Navy.
Chauncey, Henry, New York Volunteers.
Collins, Henry, U.S. Navy.

Duncan, Charles L., U. S. Navy.

Fernald, George, U. 8. Navy.

Fortine, Thomas, U. 8. Navy.

Gerry, Oliver H., carpenter, U.S. Navy.
Goodroe, Augustus O., U. 8. Navy.

Gorden, John, U.S. Navy.

Graham, Richard, U. 8. Navy.

Harley, Thomas, U. 8. Navy.

Hamilton, William, U. 8. Navy.

Keen, Joseph, U. 8. Navy.

Leach, James, U. 8. Navy.

Lambert, John, U.S. Navy.

Langton, John B. F,, boatswain, U.S, Navy.
Lowe, John, U.S. Navy.

Magaw, Francis, Massachusetts Volunteers.
Mclatire, Sylvanus, engineer, U. 8. Navy.
Peterson, Andrew, U. 8. Navy.

Patterson, John, U. 8. Navy.

Paul, Mark W., U. 8. Navy.

Pierce, John, U.S. Navy.

Philbrick, George F., gunner’s mate, U. 8. Navy.
Philbrick, William, carpenter, U.S. Navy.

 

Philbrick, H. R., U.S. Navy.

Smith, Charles, U. 8. Navy.

Stimson, M. W., U. 8. Navy.

Seaward, Richard H., U. 8. Navy.
Shipherd, 8. P., U. 8. Navy.

Smith, John, U. 8. Navy.

Withers, Richard, U. 8. Navy.

Wilson, Alfred, U. S. Navy.

Wilson, Thomas, New Hampshire Volunteers.
Wilson, George, Massachusetts Volunteers.
Wilson, Asa, Massachusetts Volunteers.
Webber, John, U.S. Navy.

LEBANON.

Berry, William, Co. H, 31st Inf.; must. April 21, 1864; veteran; disch, Jan.
3, 1865.

Butler, Francis, Co. F, 8th Inf.; must. Sept. 7, 1861; died of wounds at Wash-
ington, D. C., July 5, 1864.

Blaisdell, John E., Co. F, 8th Inf. ; must. Oct. 2, 1862; trans. to Vet. Res, Corps,
1865.

Blaisdell, Oel, Co. F, 8th Inf.; must. Sept. 17, 1862; wounded May 16, 1864;
died at Andersonville, Aug. 11, 1864.

Blaisdell, Thomas, Co. I, 17th Inf ; must. Aug. 18, 1862.

Blaisdell, James C., Co. I, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862.

Blaisdell, Millett, Co. D, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862 ; disch, Oct. 20, 1862.

Butler, William F., Co. G, 30th Inf. ; must. Dec. 28, 1863; disch. June 24, 1865.

Clark, James W., Co. F, 8th Inf.; must. Sept. 7, 1861; disch. 1861.

Corson, George M., corp., Co. D, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with
company.

Corson, David, Co. F, 31st Inf.; must. April 5, 1864; disch. May 3, 1865.

Downs, Abram P., Co. F, 8th Inf.; must. Sept. 7, 1861 ; disch. with regiment.

Edgcomb, Charles H., Uo. F, 8th Inf.; must. Sept. 7, 1861; missing in battle,
May 16, 1864.

Eldridge, Wm. H., Co. D, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862 ; disch. with company.

Estes, James B., Co. D, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; died Jan. 30, 1863.

Fishburn, George W., musician, Co. G, 30th Inf.; must. Dec. 28, 1863; disch,
with company.

Foss, Daniel, Co. I, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862 ; disch. April 23, 1863.

Fall, Henry R., sergt., Co. D, 17th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with coni-
pany, July 17, 1863.

Fall, Howard S., Co. D, 17th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company,
July 17, 1863.

Furbish, John H., Co. D, 17th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862 ; missing Oct. 25, 1862.

Goodwin, Jas. M., Co. D, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company,

Gerrish, Alfred J. W., Co. D, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with

* company.

Goodwin, Marvin T., Co. F, 8th Inf.; must. Sept. 7, 1861; missing in battle,
May 16, 1864; died at Andersonville, Aug. 13, 1864.

Goodwin, Lemuel, Co. F, 8th Inf.; must. Aug. 27, 1862; wounded July 30, 1864;
disch. Jan. 24, 1865.

Goodwin, Urban D., Co. H, 8th Inf.; must. Sept. 25, 1862; musician; bugler,
1863, and chief musician of regiment; disch. June 11, 1865.

Grant, John, Co. I, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; disch. Oct. 9, 1862.

Grant, Isaac, Co. I, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; disch. Feb, 6, 1863.

Guptill, Newell, Co. I, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; disch. March 5, 1863.

Gowell, Franklin B., Co. G, 30th Inf.; must. Dec. 28, 1863; wounded; disch.
July 18, 1864.

Green, John, Co. B, 9th Inf.; must. as substitute, Sept. 22, 1864.

Hersom, John &., corp., Co. F, 8th Inf.; must. Sept. 7, 1861 ; disch. 1864.

Hayes, Samuel D., Co. D, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; pro. to corp.; disch.
with company.

Hutchins, Wm. H., Co. D, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Hutchins, Jas. §., Co. G, 30th Inf.; must. Dec. 28, 1863; disch. with company.

Hanscomb, John, veteran, Co. F, 31st Inf.; must. April 5, 1864.

Hayes, John F., Co. F, 31st Inf.; must. April 5, 1864.

Hanscom, Proctor A., corp., Co. D, 17th Inf.; killed in Virginia.

Jones, William H., Co. E, 8th Inf.; must. Oct. 3, 1862; died June 15, 1863.

Jones, Reuben, Co. F, 8th Inf.; must. Sept. 3, 1862; died Aug. 21, 1864.

Jones, George A., Co. G, 30th Inf.; must. Dec. 28,1863; wounded April 23;
disch. May 20, 1865.

Knox, Orren, Co, F, 8th Inf.; must. Aug, 27, 1862; disch. June 21, 1865.

Kenney, Ambrose, Co. I, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; missing Jan. 21, 1863.

Knox, Willard 8., Co. F, 31st Inf.; must. April 5, 1864; trans. 1865.

Libby, Ivory, regimental band, 8th Inf.; must, Sept. 7, 1861.

Libby, Charles H., Co. F, 8th Inf.; must. Sept. 23, 1862; disch. June 11, 1865.

Lamberton, William, Co. I, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; disch. June 10, *63.

Libby, John G., Co. I, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; killed in battle, May 3,
1863.

Lord, Lyman, corp., Co. D, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Lord, George A., Co. D, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Lamberton, William, Co. G, 30th Inf.; must. Dec. 30, 1863; pro. to corp. ;
disch. Aug. 2, 1865.

Laury, Jeremiah, Co. B, 9th Inf.; must. Sept. 22, 1864; substitute.

Lord, William D., Co. C, 8th Inf.; died at Lebanon, Me., Sept. 28, 1864.

Legro, Hiram A., Co. D, 6th Mass. ; died at Suffolk, Va., December, 1862,

McGill, Robert, Co. D, 17th Inf.; died December, 1862.

Murphy, John, Co, B, 9th Inf.; must. Sept. 22, 1864; substitute.
WAR OF THE REBELLION. 137

 

Oldson, Charles, Co. B, 9th Inf.; must. Sept. 22, 1864; substitute.

Perkins, Frank M. B., Co. H, 31st Inf.. must. April 21, 1864; disch. with com-
pany.

Pray, Sylvester, Co. A, 8th Inf.; must. Aug. 26, 1862 ; disch. with company.

Pray, Amos, Co. F, 8th Inf.; must. Aug. 27, 1862; disch. June 11, 1865.

Pierce, Henry B., Co. D, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; pro. to corp.; disch.
with company.

Quimby, Orren, corp., Co. G, 32d Inf.; died at Andersonville, Ga., February, 64.

Quimby, Charles W., Co. F, 30th Mass ; drowned at Ship Island, April 5, 1862.

Quimby, Hosea M., sergt., Co.D, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch, with
company.

Randall, Charles W., Co. F, 8th Inuf.; must. Sept. 7, 1861; disch. Oct. 21; died
Oct. 26, 1863.

Rankins, Daniel, Co. F, &th Inf. ; must. Sept. 23, 1862; disch. June 11, 1865.

Ricker, Daniel D., Co. F, 8th Inf.; must. Sept. 23, 1862; killed at Fort Gregg,
Va., April 2, 1865.

Ricker, Winslow W., Co. F, 8th Inf.; must. Sept. 23, 1862; disch. June 1, 1865.

Rankins, Isaac W., Co. —, 8th Inf.; must. Aug. 21, 1862.

Ricker, Oscar F., Co. A, 8th Inf.; must. Sept. 17, 1862; disch. June 12, 1865,

Remic, Samuel S., Co. G, 30th Inf.; must. Dec, 28, 1863; died at Baton Rouge,
La., June 21, 1864.

Shapleigh, Henry H., wagoner, Co. A, 10th Inf.; must. Oct. 4, 1861; disch. with
company.

Sherman, Thomas, Jr., 1st lieut., Co. D,27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862 ; resigned
Feb. 4, 1863.

Sanborn, John W., veteran, Co. D, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; pro. to corp. ;
disch. with company.

Smith, Thomas B., Co. C, 29th Inf.; must. Dec. 31, 1863 ; disch. with company.

Taylor, Joseph, Co. —, 8th Inf.; must. Aug. 27, 1862.

Tibbetts, Elijah W., corp., Co. I, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; trans. to Vet.
Res. Corps, 1864.

Wentworth, Benjamin, Co. G, 30th Inf; must. Dec. 28, 1863; died June 9, 1864.

Wallingford, Charles A., Co. G, 30th Inf; must. Dec. 28, 1863 ; 3 died July 31,
1864.

Wallingford, Daniel, Co. D, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with com-
pany.

Worcester, Charles H., Co. D, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862 ; disch. with com-
pany.

Warren, Thomas R., Co. I, 17th Inf.; must. Ang. 18, 1862; trans. to Inv. Corps,
1863.

Wildes, John F., Co. I, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; disch. June 19, 1863,

Wentworth, John S., Co. K, 14th Inf.; must. Dec. 7, 1861; missing 1864.

Wentworth, Caleb, Co. F, 31st Inf. ; must. April 5, 1864 ; died at Salisbury, N.C.,
prison, 1865.

Wood, Frederick A., Jr., sergt., Co. F, 8th Inf.; must. Sept. 7, 1861; pro. to
sergt.-maj., July 1, 1863; pro. to Ist lieut.,Co. F; disch. Oct. 14, 1864,
with regiment.

Webber, James M., Co. —, 8th Inf.; must. Oct. 8, 1862.

Webber, Hiram, Co. I, 8th Inf.; must. Sept. 1, 1862; killed in battle, May 20,
1864.

Yeaton, Charles, Co. F, 8th Inf.; must. Sept. 25, 1862; died May 16, 1864, at
Bermuda Hundred.

Young, Charles H., Co. F, 32d Inf.; must. April 5, 1864; trans. in June, 1865.

FOREIGN ENLISTMENTS.

Courson, John E., U. 8. Army.

Coffin, William H., 2d New Hampshire.

Courson, James F., New Hampshire Volunteers.

Courgon, John R., New Hampshire Volunteers.

Courson, Samuel H., New Hampshire Volunteers.

Courson, William F., New Hampshire Volunteers.

Cummings, John T., New Hampshire Volunteers.

Dixon, Augustus, New Hampsbire Volunteers.

Estes, George, 8th New Hampshire Infantry.

Furbush, Edward B., Massachusetts Volunteers.

Grant, Daniel, 3d New Hampshire Infantry.

Goodwin, John G., 4th New Hampshire Infantry.

Goodwin, George F., capt., Co. D, 5th New Hampshire Infantry; killed at Cold
Harbor, Va., June 3, 1864.

Goodwin, George F., 4th New Hampshire Infantry.

Hayes, John F., corp., Co. I, 8th New Hampshire Infantry; died at Camp Pros-
pect, Va.

Harriman, David 8., 8th New Hampshire Infantry.

Hartford, Alonzo, New Hampshire Volunteers.

Hartford, George E., New Hampshire Volunteers.

Hartford, Woodbury, Massachusetts Volunteers.

Hayes, George W., 5th New Hampshire Infantry; killed at Fair Oaks, Va.

Hayes, John Q., 2d New Hampshire Volunteers.

Hutchins, Simon F., Co. I, 8th New Hampshire Infantry; died at New Orleans,
La., Oct. 30, 1862.

Hutchins, William H., Co. E, 29th Regt. ;
1864.

Jenkins, Charles E., New Hampshire Volunteers.

Jones, Frederick D., U. 8. Navy.

Kimball, Samuel E., New Hampshire Volunteers.

Knox, Eustis, New Hampshire Volunteers.

Legro, Eben, 5th New Hampshire Infantry.

18

died at New Orleans, La., June 6,

 

Legro, Hiram A., Co. D, 6th Massachusetts Infantry; died at Suffolk, Va., De-
cember, 1862.

Lord, John W., 2d New Hampshire Volunteers.

Madder, Ambrose, New Hampshire Volunteers.

McCrellis, Daniel, 2d New Hampshire Volunteers.

MceMellan, George W., 5th New Hampshire Infantry.

Nicholas, Ebenezer F., New Hampshire Volunteers.

Pierce, James B., 5th New Hampshire Infantry.

Pierce, John C., 3d New Hampshire Infantry.

Quimby, Charles W., Co. F, 30th Massachusetts Infantry; drowned at Ship
Island, April 5, 1862.

Quimby, Orrin, corp., Co. G,32d Massachusetts Infantry ; died in Andersonville
prison, February, 1864.

Ramsdell, Newton A., 3d New Hampshire Infantry.

Rankin, Charles 0., 5th New Hampshire Infantry.

Ricker, Daniel L., chief clerk, 5th New Hampshire Infantry; died at Ports-
mouth, Va., June 22, 1865.

Rowe, George W., 3d New Hampshire Infantry.

Rowe, Samuel C., 3d New Hampshire Infantry.

Shapleigh, Horace S., New Hampshire Volunteers.

Stevens, Charles R., 3d New Hampshire Infantry.

Smith, Lorenzo D., 5th New Hampshire Infantry.

Smith, Thomas B., 5th New Hampshire Infantry.

Worster, Washington, 4th New Hampshire Infantry; taken prisoner at Morris
Island, 8. C., in 1863. °

Wallingford, Alva B., New Hampshire Volunteers.

LIMERICK.

Allen, James M., died in service.

Barker, William B., corp., Co. A, 27th Inf.; must. Sept, 30, 1862; disch. with
company; re-enl. in 32d Inf.; sergt.-maj., May 6, 1864; pro. to 2d lieut.,
Co. C, and capt.; disch. with company.

Boynton, Granville M., Co. A, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with com-
pany.

Bradbury, Henry M., Co. A, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862 ; disch. with company.

Bowman, Jeremiah, 5th Co., unassigned Inf.; must. Oct. 5, 1864,

Brown, Cyrus E., Co. A, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Burbank, Arthur C., sergt., Co. A, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with
company, July 17, 1863.

Burbank, Charles M.

Burbank, Horace H., Co. A, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; made commissary
clerk and q.m. sergt.; disch. with company; 2d lieut., Co. A, 32d Inf.,
March 3, 1864; taken prisoner July 30, 1864; pro. capt., Co. B, 31st Inf.,
and Co. K, 32d Inf.; disch. May 15, 1865.

Burbank, Porter M., Co, A, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862

Carr, William, died in service.

Clark, Elisha E., Co. A, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30,1862; disch. with company ;
re-enl. Co. L, 2d Cav., Dec. 24, 1863; 1st sergt.; wounded and taken pris-
oner, Sept. 27, 1864; disch. July 31, 1865.

Clark, Henry E., Co. A, 31st Inf.; must. March 3, 1864; acting q.m. sergt.

Cobb, Charles, Co. A, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company;
re-enl. in Co. L, 2d Cav., Jan. 7, 1864; furloughed Oct. 1, 1864; did not
return.

Cobb, Edwin, Co. D, 5th Inf.; must. June 4, 1861; wounded May 10, 1864; disch.
with company, July 27, 1864.

Cobb, Henry C.; Cole, James H.

Cole, Stephen R., Co. I, 15th Inf. ; must. Jan. 7, 1862; pro. to corp.; disch. Jan.
19, 1865.

Connor, John, Co. A, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company ;
re-enl. Co. L, 2d Cav.; must. Jan. 7, 1864; disch. with company, Dec. 6,
1865.

Dearborn, George J., Co. H, 16th Inf. ; must. Aug. 14, 1862; pro. to corp.; disch.
with company,

Dearborn, Richard G., Co. A, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862 ; disch.-with com-
pany.

Drew, Pliny F., Co. A, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862 ; died Jan. 19, 1863,

Durgin, Horace.

Durgin, Orin A., Co. G, 12th Inf.; must. Nov. 15, 1861; trans. as hospital nurse,
1863.

Durgin, Zachariah, Co. A, 31st Inf.; must. March 3, 1864; died in prison, Aug.
22, 1864.

Emery, Ira L., Co. C, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861; trans. to 1st Maine Vets.,
Feb. 27, 1864.

Evans, Daniel.

Fairbrother, James, 5th Go,, unassigned Inf.; must. Oct. 5, 1864.

Evans, James A., died in service.

Favour, Charles L., Co. H, 16th Inf.; must. Aug. 14, 1862; pro. to corp.; wounded
Dec. 13, 1862, and July 1, 1863; disch. Nov. 12, 1863.

Favour, Horace H., Co. A, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Garey, Samuel R., musician, Co. H, 16th Inf.; must. Aug. 14, 1862; disch, with
company.

Gove, George A., Co. A, 27th Inf. ; must. Sept. 30, 1862 ; disch. May 18, 1865, and
1st District of Columbia Cav.; must. Feb. 6, 1864.

Guptill, Jacob.

Gilpatrick, James, Co. C, 30th Inf.; must. Sept. 23, 1864.

Hamilton, Isaac, died in service,

; disch. with company.
138 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

Hasty, Robert, Co. —, Ist Cav.

Hasty, Sewall 8., Co. G, 5th Inf.; must. June 23, 1861; disch. Feb. 10, 1862.

Hasty, Winfield S., Co. A, 27th Inf. ; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Hayes, Charles J., corp., Co. H, 16th Inf.; must. Aug. 14, 1862; disch. with com-
pany.

Hayes, John C., Jr., Co. A, 27th Inf.; must. Oct. 15, 1862; disch. with company.

Hill, Cyrus K.

Hill, Joseph H., Co. A, 27th Inf. ; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Ilsley, Edwin, adj., 12th Inf., Nov. 15, 1861; pro. to lieut.-col:, 12th Inf.; must.
Aug. 18, 1862; disch. March 17, 1866.

Kempt, John, 5th Co., unassigned Inf.; must. Oct. 5, 1864.

Keay, John F., Co, A, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Knight, Charles K., died in service.

Kelly, William, Co. C, 2d Cav.; must. Oct. 15, 1864.

Knight, John, Co. E, 9th Inf.: must. Sept. 22, 1861; died at Washington, D. C.,
Jan. 7, 1862.

Libby, Alvarado, Co. G, 12th Inf.; must. Nov. 15, 1861; died at Ship Island,
June 2, 1862.

Libby, Alvah M., musician, Co. I, Ist Cav.; must. Sept. 18, 1862.

Libby, Charles G., Co, A, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Libby, Fred. W., corp., Co. A, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with com-
pany.

Libby, Ira S., lieut.

Libby, James M., Co. E, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861; pro. to sergt.; died at
Limerick, Me, 1863. E

Libby, Samuel H., Ist lieut., Co. A, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; pro. to capt. ;
disch. with company ; re-enl. as capt., Co. L, 2d Cav., Dec. 24, 1863,

Maddox, John H., Co. H, 16th Inf.; must. Aug, 14, 1862; killed at Fredericks-
burg, Va., Dec. 13, 1862.

Maximillian, Jacob, 5th Co., unassigned Inf.; must. Oct. 5, 1864.

Manson, Edwin R., Co. A,27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company;
re-enlisted; corp., Co. L, 2d Cav.; must. Dec. 24, 1863; disch. with com-
pany.

Markey, Arthur, 2d Bat. M. Art.; must. Oct. 10, 1864.

Meserve, Richard H., Co. F, 13th Inf. ; must. Dec. 10, 1861; disch. July 29, 1862.

Montgomery, John, 5th Co., unassigned Inf.; must. Oct. 5, 1864,

Miles, Charles H.

McGee, John, Co. H, Ist Cay. ; must. Oct. 1, 1864; missing 1865.

Miles, George S., Co. A, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

McGoon, Ephraim, Co. H, 1st Cav.; must. Aug. 26, 1862; killed Mar. 31, 1865.

Miles, Thomas P., corp., Co. A, 27th Inf. ; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with com-
pany.

Primrose, John, Co. H, Ist H. Art.; must. Aug 26, 1862; disch. with company.

Packard, Charles F., musician, Co, A, lst H. Art.; must. Aug. 26, 1862.

Punch, John, Co. D, 1st Cav. ; must. Sept. 26, 1864; pro. corp., 1865.

Pierce, James S., Co. H, 16th Inf.; must. Aug. 14, 1862; missing in battle, May

, 8, 1864; died in service.
Perkins, Daniel W., 5th Co., unassigned Inf.; must. Oct. 5, 1864.
Richard, Lewis G., corp., Co. H, 16th Inf.; must. Aug. 14, 1862; pro. to sergt.,
. Ist sergt., and 2d lieut.; prisoner; exchanged; pro. to Ist lieut., Co. G;
disch. with regiment.

Robinson, Charles W., Co. A, 31st Inf.; must. March 3, 1864; taken prisoner,
Sept. 30, 1864; transferred ; died in service.

Sullivan, John, sergt., Co. H, lst H. Art.; must. Dec. 21, 1863; disch, Sept. ll,
1865.

Sawyer, Sylvester B.

Shattuck, George K., Co. —, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861; Co. H, 16th Inf.;
must. Aug. 14, 1862; missing, 1862.

Smith, George, Co. H, 16th Inf.; must. Aug. 14, 1862; disch. June 2, 1865.

Smith, James C., Co. L, 2d Cav.; must. Jan. 14, 1864; disch. July 15, 1865.

Spencer, Benjamin, Co. E, 9th Inf. ; must. Sept. 21, 1862; re-enl. Jan. 1, 1864.

Stimson, Thos. J., Co, A, 27th Inf.; must. Sept, 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Twiggs, Timothy, Co. C, 2d Cav.; must. Uct. 6, 1864.

Taylor, Richard C., Co, A, 2d Cav.; must. Nov. 30, 1863.

Walker, Calvin E.

Watson, Daniel, Co. A, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company ;
sergt., Co. A, 32d Inf.; disch. Dec. 12, 1864.

Watson, Timothy B., Co. A, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861; disch. Feb, 20, 1862.

Welch, Lewis E., Co. E, 9th Inf.; must. Sept. 22, 1861; re-enl. Jan. 1, 1864;
killed May 19, 1864.

Welch, Seth A., Co. E, 9th Inf.; must. Sept, 22, 1861; re-enl. Jan.1, 1864; trans,
to Vet. Res. Corps, 1865.

Watson, Lorenzo D., Co. L, 2d Cav.; must. Dec, 24, 1863; disch. June 18, 1865.

Waldron, Thomas, 1st Bat. M. Art.; must. Oct. 11, 1864.

FOREIGN ENLISTMENTS.

Allen, James M., 33d Massachusetts Infantry.
Carr, William, 12th Massachusetts Infantry.
Cobb, Henry C., New York Volunteers.

Cole, James, New York Volunteers.

Durgin, Horace, New York Volunteers.

Evans, Daniel, 11th Massachusetts Infantry.
Evans, James, 2d Massachusetts Infantry.
Guptill, Jacob, 1st Connecticut Battery.
Hamilton, Isaac A., 17th United States Infantry.
Knight, Charles H., 17th United States Infantry,
Long, George, Massachusetts Volunteers.

 

Miles, Charles, 17th United States Infantry.
Sawyer, Sylvester B., 23d Massachusetts Infantry.
Symmes, Rufus, Massachusetts Volunteers.
Walker, Calvin, Massachusetts Volunteers,

LIMINGTON.

Anderson, Charles H., Co. E, 10th Inf.; must. Oct. 4, 1861; taken prisoner at
Winchester, Va., 1862; wounded August 9; died Aug. 12, 1862.

Anderson, Wm, A., Co. H, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch, with company,

Bardeen, Marquis W., Co. A, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861; disch. 1862.

Bradeen, Roscoe, 9th Inf.; must, Sept. 22, 1861.

Brown, Frank E., Co. E, 10th Inf.; must. Oct. 4, 1861; taken prisoner, 1862;
exchanged.

Bragdon, Edmund, Jr., 1st sergt., Co, H, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; pro. to
2d lieut., March 17, 1863; disch, with company, July 17, 1863.

Black, George E., Co. H, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Bragdon, Sumner, Co. H, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30,1862; disch. with company.

Clark, Sargent, Co. A, 5th Inf.; must, June 24, 1861; disch. 1862.

Cole, Rinaldo, 9th Inf.; must. Sept. 22, 1861.

Chick, Frederick A., Co. F, 11th Inf.; must. Nov. 7, 1861; disch. Aug. 26, 1862.

Chick, Frederick L., 1st Cav.

Call, Nathan, Co. H., 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Cousens, William A., 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862 ; disch. with company.

Deshon, Mark W., Co. C, 12th Inf.; must. Nov. 15, 1861; re-enlisted; wounded
Sept. 9, 1864.

Danielson, William H., Co. H, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. Jan. 26,
1863,

Foss, Alonzo B., Co. A, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861; disch. 1862.

Graffam, William, Co. H, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Hide, John L., Co. A, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861; missing Aug. 1, 1862.

Higgins, Joseph W., Co.I, 8th Inf.; must, Sept. 1, 1862; wounded June 3, 1864;
disch. 1865.

Holmes, Tristram, Co. F, 11th Inf.; must. Nov. 7, 1861; disch. Feb. 22, 1862.

Joy, William B., corp., Co. F,11th Inf.; must. Nov. 4, 1861; pro. to sergt.;
disch. Nov. 5, 1862.

Joy, Wendell F , wagoner, Co. F, 11th Inf.; must. Nov. 4, 1861; disch, Nov. 18,
1864,

Johnson, David E., Co. H, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862 ; disch. with company.

Libby, Arthur, Co. H, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Libby, James, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861.

Larrabee, Charles A., Co. I, 8th Inf. ; must. Sept. 2, 1862; pro. to corp.; wounded
June 3, 1864; disch. June 11, 1865.

Larrabee, Danicl, Co. I, 8th Inf.; must. Sept. 2,1862; missing at Drury’s Bluff,
May 16, 1864.

Libby, Henry, Co. E, 10th Inf.; must. Oct. 4, 1861; pro. to corp.; trans, 1863.

Libby, John, Co. E, 1Uth Iuf.; must. Nov. 27, 1861; trans. 1863.

Lord, John T., Ist Cav.; must. 1861.

Libby, Benjamin F., Co. A, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30,1862; disch. with com-
pany, July 17, 1863. f

Manson, G. M., assist. surg., 5th Maine; must. April, 1863; disch. July 27, 1864,

Mahoney, John, 5th Inf.; must. 1861.

McClintock, Albert B., 5th Inf.; must. 1861; detached to gunboat, 1862.

McArthur, William M., capt., Co. I, 8th Inf.; must. Sept. 7, 1861; provost-
marshal of Hilton Head, S. C., 1863; pro. to maj., 1864; to lieut.-col.,
Sept. 3, 1864; col. and brig.-gen. of vols.

Merrill, William R., Co. I, 8th Inf.; must. Sept. 7, 1861; died at Hilton Head,
July 6, 1862.

Meserve, John F., Co. F, 11th Inf.; must. Nov. 7, 1861; wounded and missing
at Fair Oaks, 1862.

MePerkins, John, sergt., Co. I, lst Cav. ; must. Oct. 31,1861; disch. Nov. 21, 1862.

McKenney, Charles F., wagoner, Co. H, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch.
with company. .

McKenney, Abner, Co, H, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

McKenney, Enoch, Co. H, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Newcomb, Oliver, Co. A, 5th Inf.; must. June 24,1861; disch. July 9, 1862.

Norris, William H., Co. I, 8th Inf.; Sept. 7, 1861; pro. to sergt.; missing in
battle, May 16, 1864.

Norton, Clark H., Co. H, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Plaisted, Byron G., Co. A,5th Inf.; must. June 24,1861; missing July 24, 1861.

Robinson, Edwin A., Co. A, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with com-
pany.

Small, Alfred, corp., Co. H, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with com-
pany. ‘

Sawyer, Isaac, Co. H, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Sanborn, Nelson, Co. C, 12th Inf.; must. Nov. 15, 1861; missing Nov. 18, 1861.

Sands, Aaron, Ov. F, 11th Inf.; must. Nov. 7, 1861; died at Savage Station, Va.,
Aug. 6, 1862.

Small, Joseph, sergt., Co. I, 5th Inf.; must. Sept. 7, 1861; pro. to 2d lieut., Ist
lieut., and capt.; wounded May 20, 1864; disch. Nov. 5, 1864,

Smith, Hanson C., sergt., 9th Inf.; must. Sept. 22, 1861.

Terffs, James B., 5th Inf.; must, 1861,

Tyler, John M., 8th Inf.; must. 1861.

Thorn, David, Co. C, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862 ; disch. with company, 1863.

Walker, George M., corp., Co. H, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; pro. to sergt.;
disch. with company.

Wright, William H., Co. F, 11th Inf.; must. Oct. 11, 1864; substitute.

Warren, George W., 9th Inf.; must. Sept. 22, 1861.
WAR OF THE REBELLION. 139

 

FOREIGN ENLISTMENTS,

Babb, Stephen E., New Hampshire Volunteers.
Boody, Robert M., Massachusetts Volunteers.

. Estes, William H., 7th Massachusetts Infantry.
Libby, Robert, 1st New Hampshire Volunteers.
Libby, Elbridge, U. 8. Navy.

McArthur, John, 26th Massachusetts Infantry.
Richardson, William, New Hampshire Volunteers,
Small, John F., New Hampshire Volunteers.
McLinton, Albert, U.S. Navy.

LYMAN.

Averill, Joseph, Co. K, 9th Inf.; must. Sept. 20, 1864; disch. May 24, 1865.

Butterfield, Lewis, Co. H, 12th Inf. ; must. Nov. 15, 1861; died June 9, 1862.

Buzzell, George, Co, I, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company,
July 17, 1863.

Buzzell, Edmund C., Co, K, 32d Inf.; must. May 6, 1864; trans. to 31st Inf.

Brown, Horatio N., Co. K, 32d Inf.; must. May 6, 1864; died June 30, 1864.

Clark, Ezra, Co. I, 8th Inf.; must. Aug. 25, 1862; wounded Oct, 13, 1864.

Downs, Reuben, corp., Co. K, 9th Inf.; must. Sept. 20,1864; killed Oct. 27, 1864.

Davis, Elden, Co. K, 9th Inf.; must. Sept. 20, 1864 ; disch. June 30, 1865.

Davis, Benjamin F., Co. F, lst Cav.; must. Aug. 6, 1862; detached, 1863.

Downs, David, Jr., Co. I, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Downs, Archibald S., Co .I, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Drown, Alonzo J., Co. I, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Emmons, Taylor, Co. I, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862 ; disch. with company.

Emmons, George, Co. I, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Emons, George W., Co. I, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; taken prisoner July
30, 1864; transferred.

Emmons, John, Co. I, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Emmons, John G., Co. I, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Evans, Edwin, Co. I, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30,1862; died Dec. 27, 1862.

Emmons, George, Co. K, 9th Inf.; must, Sept, 20,1864; disch. June 30, 1865.

Emmons, Elisha, Co. K, 9th Inf.; must. Sept. 20, 1864; disch. June 12, 1865.

Emmons, Alonzo, Co. K, 32d Inf.; must. May 6, 1864; died July 18, 1864.

Gordon, George, Co. I, 27th Inf. ; must. Sept. 30, 1862; pro. to corp., Co. K, 32d
Inf. ; disch. Dec. 12, 1864.

Gordon, Henry, Co. I, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Gonld, James, corp., Co. F, 7th Inf.; must. Aug. 21, 1861; trans. 1863.

Garey, Charles, Co. F, 8th Inf.; must. Aug. 25, 1862; died Oct. 14, 1864.

Goodwin, Joseph, 8th Inf.; must. Aug. 25, 1862.

Griffiths, Samuel G., 8th Inf.; must. Aug. 28, 1862; missing in battle of Drury’s
Bluff, May 16, 1864.

Guptill, William §S., 8th Inf.; must. Aug. 28, 1862.

Gould, Noah, 1st lieut., Co. I, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30; resigned Novy. 24, 1862.

Grant, Lorenzo T., Co. K, 9th Inf.; must. Sept. 20, 1864; disch, June 30, 1865.

Goodwin, Foss G., Co. K, 9th Inf.; must. Sept. 20, 1864; died April 30, 1865,

Hanson, Edwin, Co. F, 8th Inf.; must. Sept. 7, 1861; re-enl. Feb. 29, 1864; de-
tached to Sharpshooters.

Hanson, Harrison, corp., Co. F, 8th Inf,; must. Sept. 7, 1861; died at Beaufort,
July 14, 1862.

Hanson, Israel, Co. I, 1st Cav.; must. Oct. 31, 1861; disch. at Augusta, 1863.

Hanson, Israel, Co. I, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; missing, Oct. 7, 1862.

Hubbard, George, Co. I, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Jones, Daniel, Co. K, 32d Inf.; must, May 6, 1864; missing.

Kimball, John, Co. K, 32d Inf.; must. May 6, 1864; trans. to Co. K, 31st Inf.

Lord, Alvah, Co. K, 9th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1864; disch. June 30, 1865.

Larry, Dennis, Co. D, Ist Bat. Inf.; must April 5, 1865,

Moore, John H., Co. G, 7th Inf.; must. Aug. 21, 1861.

Marston, Harris, 8th Inf.

Meachan, Leonard, Co. F, 8th Inf.; must. Aug. 29, 1862; disch. June 5, 1865.

Mason, Harris §., Co. I, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. March 9, 1863.

Moody, Charles H., Co. I, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862 ; re-enl. in Co. K, 9th
Inf.; must. Sept. 20, 1864; disch. June 30, 1865.

Peavy, Chandler, Co. I, 27th Tnf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; pro. to corp.; disch.
with company.

Peavy, George T., Co. K, 9th Inf.; must, Sept. 20, 1864; disch. Aug. 8, 1865.

Roberts, Joseph B., 8th Inf.; must. Aug. 19, 1862, and 1st lieut., Co. K, 9th Inf.

Roberts, George H., sergt., Co. I, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with
company, Sept. 20, 1864.

Roberts, Dimon, Jr., corp., Co. I, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with
company.

Roberts, William F., corp., Co. I, 27th Inf.; must. Oct. 17, 1862.

Staples, William M., Co. I, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; pro. to sergt.; disch.
with company.

Smith, James, Co. B, 30th Inf.; must. March 6, 1865,

Thornton, Franklin, Co. H, 12th Inf.; must. Nov. 15, 1861; disch. Aug. 3, 1863.

Townsend, Alvah J., Co. I, 8th Inf.; must. Sept. 17, 1862 ; died of wounds, May
20, 1864.

Townsend, John L., Co. I, 8th Inf.; must. Sept. 17, 1862; wounded June 8,
1864; trans. fa Wek, Res. Corps, 1865.

Wakefield, Alonzo H., Go. K, 32d Inf. ; must, Sept. 6, 1864; transferred.

Wakefield, Israel, Co. K, 9th Inf.; must. Sept. 20, 1864; disch. June 30, 1865.

Wakefield, Wm. H., Co. K, 9th Thesg must. Sept. 20, 1864; disch. June 30, 1865.

Whitehouse, Joseph A., Co. I, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with
company.

York, George, Jr., 1st Cav.

 

FOREIGN ENLISTMENTS.

Burke, John, U.S, Navy.

Drown, George C., 33d Massachusetts Infantry.
Evans, John T., 35th Mussachusetts Infantry.
Evans, King S., 5th Massachusetts Infantry.
Evans, Oran R., 5th Massachusetts Infantry.
Goodwin, John T., 10th Massachusetts Battery.
Roberts, John S., 32d Massachusetts Infantry.

NEWFIELD.

Adams, Clement J., corp., Co. K, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; pro. to sergt. ;
disch, with company, July 17, 1863.

Burbank, Samuel M., 10th Inf.

Beal, George P., Co. a Ist Cav.; must. Oct. 31, 1861; pro. to corp.; taken pris-
oner Maye 2, 1863 ; wounded July 28, 1864; disch. June 13, 1865.

Bond, Wm., wagoner, Co. I, 1st Cav.; must. Sept. 5, 1862 ; disch. May 28, 1865,

Burbank, Monroe A., Co. K, 27th’ Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; pro. to corp.;
disch. with company.

Chillis, Aaron, Co. K, 14th Inf.; must. Dec. 17, 1861; disch. June 25, 1862.

Chillis, Frank, Co. K, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Chillis, Frank, Co. C, 17th Inf. ; must. Dec, 2, 1864; pro. to chief musician ;
disch. with company, June 4, 1865.

Durgin, William E., Co. K, 14th Inf. ; must. Dec. 28, 1861; trans. to U. 8. Art.,
Nov. 15, 1862.

Dorinan, George H., corp., Co. K, 27th Inf.; must. Sept, 30, 1862; disch. with
company.

Davis, Albert H., Co.K, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Dunnells, Mark W., Co. K, 27th Inf.; must. Oct, 15, 1862; disch. with company.

Fitzgerald, Edw., Co. C, 15th Inf.; must, Feb. 6, 1865; missing March 19, 1865,

Fernald, Stephen, Co. K, 27th Inf.; must. Oct. 15, 1862; disch. with company.

Fost, Alvin A., Co. C, 17th Inf.; must, Jan. 26, 1864; trans. to Vet. Res. Corps.

Greaner, George G., Co. K, 27th Inf.; must. Oct. 15, 1862; disch. with company.

Griffin, Barney, Co. D, 14th Inf.; must. Feb. 27, 1865; disch, Aug. 28, 1865.

Goodwin, Waldron, Co. If, 12th Inf.; must. Nov. 15, 1861; disch. March 12, 1864.

Goodwin, George W., Co. C,17th Inf.; must. Aug. 28, 1862; disch. 1865.

Goodwin, A. B., Co. C, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 28, 1862; disch. 1865.

Goodwin, Adam, Co. I, 3d Inf.; must. Aug. 28, 1862.

Goodwin, George W., Co. I, 3d Inf.; must. Aug. 28, 1862; taken prisoner, May
2, 1862.

Giles, John H., Co. B, 3d Inf.; must. July 26, 1862; missing Sept. 6, 1862.

Giles, William D., Co. B, 3d Inf.; must. July 26, 1862; missing Sept. 6, 1862.

Hanniford, George O., Co. I, Ist Cav.; must. Oct. 31, 1861; wounded Aug. 15,
1864; pro. to corp.; disch. June 13, 1865.

Horne, Joseph F., Co. K, 14th Inf. ; must. Dec. 17, 1861 ; trans. to U.S. Art., Nov.
15, 1862.

Hayes, John M., 1st sergt., Co. K, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with
company.

Langley, Henry L., 12th Inf.

Libby, Benjamin F., musician, Co. I, 1st Cav.; must. Oct. 31, 1861; disch. Nov.
25, 1864.

Loud, Edward H., Co. K, 14th Inf.; must. Dec. 17, 1861; pro. to sergt.; died
Oct. 17, 1862.

Leighton, Ephraim, Co. K, 14th Inf.; must. Dec. 17, 1861; disch. June 25, 1862.

Linscott, Joseph L., Co. K, 27th Inf. ;-must. Oct. 15, 1862; disch. April 24, 1863.

Longee, Lorenzo J., Co. K, 27th Inf. ; must. Oct. 15, 1862; disch. with company.

Mitchell, Nahum W., Co. I, Ist Cav.; must. Oct. 31, 1861; pro. to corp. ; taken
prisoner, May 2, 1863; exchanged ; re-enl. Jan. 1, 1864; pro. to sergt. ;
killed March 31, 1865.

Murry, Russell, Co. I, 1st Cav.; must. Oct. 31, 1861 ; disch. Nov. 25, 1864.

Maddox, James, Co. I, Ist Vay.; must. Oct. 31, 1861; disch. Nov. 22, 1862.

Morgan, William F., Co. K, 27th Inf.; must. Oct. 15, 1862; disch. with company.

Murphy, Joseph W., Co. K, 27th Inf.; must. Oct. 15, 1862; disch. with company.

Newbegin, Daniel C., blacksmith, Co. I, Ist Cav.; must. Oct. 31, 1861 ; dropped
from rolls, 1865.

Newbegin, Luke, Co. K, 27th Inf.; must. Oct. 15, 1862; disch. with company.

Palmer, William V., Go. I, 3d Inf. ; must. July 26, 1862; missing July 2, 1863.

Patch, Henry, Co. C, 29th Inf. ; must. Jan. 1, 1864; died at Natchez, Miss., July
8, 1864,

Patch, Woodbury J., Co. K, 14th Inf.; must. Dec. 17, 1862; missing at battle of
Baton Rouge.

Quimby, Joseph B., Co. I, 3d Inf.; must. July 26, 1862; taken prisoner May 2,
1863.

Roberts, John C., Co. I, 1st Cav.; must. Oct. 31, 1861; taken prisoner July 16,
1863; pro. to sergt. 5 ‘ae, Noy. 25, 1864.

Rogers, Aaron, 15th Inf.

Reed, Henry A., Co. H, 12th Inf. ; must. Nov. 15, 1861; disch. with company.

Reed, William hn Co. H, 12th Inf; must. Nov. 15, 1861; disch. Aug. 7, 1862.

Rogers, Benjamin M., wagoner, Co. K, 14th Inf.; must. Dec. 17, 1861; disch.
June 15, 1862.

Reed, George C., Co. K, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Roberts, Moses S., Co. B, 29th Inf; must. Jan. 6, 1864; disch. 1865.

Shephard, Hiram W., Co. H, 12th Inf; must. Nov. 15, 1861; re-enl. January,
1864; transferred.

Stone, John W., Co. K, 14th Inf.; must. Dec. 30, 1861; died at New Orleans,
June 7, 1862.

Straw, Leroy 0., Co. K, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. Jan. 8, 1863.
140 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

Stone, Simon, Jr., Co. K, 27th Inf.; must. Oct. 15, 1862 ; disch. with company.

Smith, Bennett P., Co. E, lst H. Art.; must. June 29, 1864; disch. Sept. 1, 1865.

Wood, James V., Co. I, Ist Cav.; must. Aug. 6, 1862; disch. May 20, 1864.

Wood, John P., Co. I, 1st Cav.; must. Oct. 31, 1861; orderly at brigade head-
quarters ; pro. to sergt.; disch. June 20, 1865.

Woodman, Charles A., Co. I, 1st Cav.; must. Oct. 31, 1861 ; missing Nov. 10,
1861; disch, June 25, 1862; died at New Orleans, La.

Waterhouse, George, Co. K, 14th Inf.; must. Dec. 30, 1861; disch. with com-
pany.

Wilson, John R., Co. K, 27th Inf.; must. Oct. 15, 1861; pro. to corp.; disch.
with company.

Young, John, Co, K, 27th Inf.; must. Oct. 15, 1861; disch. with company.

FOREIGN ENLISTMENTS.

Cole, Thomas, 50th Massachusetts Infantry.

Davis, James M., 24 New Hampshire Infantry.
Droers, Samuel D., Ist Massachusetts Cavalry.
Goodwin, William H., 1st New Hampshire Battery.
Howe, John, 25th Massachusetts Infantry.

Langley, Alonzo, 1st Massachusetts Volunteers.
Leighton, Edwin G., 4th New Hampshire Volunteers.
Leighton, Lewis, 50th Massachusetts Infantry.
Morris, William A., 6th Massachusetts Infantry.
Quimby, John, 20th Massachusetts Infantry.

Roberts, William M., 42d Massachusetts Infantry.
Sanborn, Drew A., 9th New Hampshire Infantry.
Shepherd, James, 3d Massachusetts Volunteers,
Stevens, Horace P., 44th Massachusetts Infantry.
Whitehouse, Benjamin F,, 2d Massachusetts Volunteers.
Willard, John, 6th U. 8. Infantry.

’

NORTH BERWICK.

Abbott, John P., Co. I, 1st Cav.; must. Oct. 31, 1861; taken prisoner, 1862; ex-
changed; discharged Nov. 25, 1864.

Allen, Seth G., Co. B, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Arey, Albert D., Co. D, lst Bat. Inf.; must. April 5, 1865.

Bekell, Moses, Co. I, Ist Cav.; must. Oct. 31, 1861; disch. Nov. 25, 1864.

Blaborn, John, Co. B, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; missing Oct. 18, 1862.

Boston, Elijah, Co, B, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; missing Oct. 3, 1862.

Brackett, David H., Co, B, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; pro. to corp.; disch.
with company, July 17, 1863.

Birchsted, James F., Co. H, 31st Inf.; must. April 21, 1864.

Church, Joseph W., Co. G, 30th Inf.; must. Jan. 6, 1864; died Jan. 17, 1864.

Dillingham, Seth, sergt., Co. F, 8th Inf.; must, Sept. 7, 1861; pro. to Ist sergt.;
pro. to 2d lieut.; wounded July 4, 1864; disch. 1865.

Dillingham, John L., corp., Co. B, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with
company.

Edgerly, Austin, Co. I, 1st Cav.; must. Oct. 31, 1861; disch. July, 1862.

Elbridge, Edwin W., Co. B, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862 ; disch. with company.

Ford, Orrin P., Co. A, 8th Inf.; must. Sept. 2, 1862; wounded at Drury’s Bluff,
May 16, 1864; disch. June 12, 1865.

Goodwin, Thomas E., Co. K, 14th Inf,; must. Dec. 17, 1861; disch. June 15, 1862.

Gray, George W., Co. B, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. Oct. 20, 1862.

Gray, Sylvester, Co. B, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Guptill, Ivory, Co. G, 30th Inf.; must. Dec. 28, 1863; died Aug. 14, 1864.

Hubbard, Timothy H., 1st lieut., Co. K, 14th Inf.; must. Dec. 17, 1861; resigned
June 16, 1862.

Hanson, John B., sergt., Co. K, 14th Inf.; must. Dec. 17, 1861; disch. May, 1862.

Hanscom, Levi P., musician, Co. I, Ist Cav.; must. Oct.31, 1861; died March 21,
1862.

Harvey, George D., Co. I, lst Cav.; must. Oct. 31, 1861; pro. to corp., 1863; disch.
Jan. 10, 1865,

Hall, John, q.m. sergt., 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 19, 1862; pro. to. 2d lieut., Co. BE,
Dec. 31, 1862.

Hurd, Moses, Ist lieut., Co. B, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 39, 1862; disch. with com-
pany.

Hanson, Lorenzo 8., corp., Co. B, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with
company.

Hanson, John §., Co. B, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Hobbs, Waldron, Co. G, 30 Inf.; must. Dec. 28, 1863; died July 23, 1864.

Hartley, John, Co. B, 9th Inf.; substitute; must. Sept. 14, 1864,

Heron, William, Co. K, 2¢th Inf.; must. March 14, 1865; disch. 1865.

Hall, Freeman, assist. surg., 29th Inf.; must. Sept. 19, 1862; disch. with regt.

Littlefield, Jonathan, sergt., Co. I, 1st Cav.; must. Oct. 31, 1861; disch. March
3, 1863.

Littlefield, Dependence S§., Co, I, Ist Cav.; must. Oct. 31, 1861; disch. Dec. 27,.

1864.

Littlefield, Charles F., Co. I, Ist Cav.; must. Aug. 22, 1862; taken prisoner, May
11, 1864; died in prison, Oct. 14, 1864.

Lord, Charles P., 1st sergt., Co. F, 8th Inf.; must. Sept. 7, 1861; pro. to 2d and
Ist lieuts.; acting q.m. of 8th Iuf.; returned to company in 1863; disch.
Dec. 5, 1863,

Linscott, Jeddiah, recruit, 8th Inf.; must. Aug. 28, 1862; trans. to Invalid
Corps, 1863.

Libby, Philander H., corp., Co. B, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with
company.

 

Lampkin, Gilman H., Co. B, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with com-
pany.
Littlefield, Thaddeus, Co. B, 27th Inf.; must. Oct, 15, 1862; disch. with company.
Lane, Henry §., Co. B, 9th Inf.; must. Sept. 20, 1864; substitute.
Moore, Delmont, Co, I, Ist Cav.; must. Oct. 31, 1861; disch. Nov. 25, 1864.
Moore, George A., Co. B, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.
Murray, Kendall G., Co. G, 30th Inf.; must. Dec. 28, 1863 ; disch. with company.
McCarthy, Patrick, Co. A, 31st Inf.; must. Nov. 3, 1864; disch. April 7, 1865.
Neal, John F., Co. B, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.
Pierce, Benjamin, Co. G, 30th Inf.; must. Dec. 28, 1863; disch. Feb, 13, 1865.
Roberts, William J., Co. I, 1st Cav.; must. Oct. 15, 1861; missing March 21, 1862.
Perkins, John, Co. B, 27th Inf.; must, Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.
Pike, William C., Co. B, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30,1862; disch. with company.
Pray, William H., Co. B, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.
Tufts, James W., Co. B, 27th Inf.; must. March 3, 1864; disch. June 14, 1865,
Tibbetts, Richard, Co. C, 9th Inf.; must. Sept. 15, 1864; substitute; disch. with
company, 1865.
Tufts, John W., Co. B, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.
Tufts, Wilson C., Co. B, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch, with company.
Twombly, Henry W.,Co. B, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30,1862; disch. with company.
Taylor, Lewis B., Co, A, 10th Inf.; must. Oct. 15, 1861; missing Feb. 11, 1862.
Taylor, Burleigh, Co. G, 30th Inf.; must. Dec. 28, 1863; missing on the march,
Aug. 13, 1864,
Walker, Samuel, Co. G, 30th Inf.; must. Dec. 28, 1863; disch, with company.
Willey, Andrew, Co. B, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.
Wilson, Joseph B., Co. B, 27th Inf.; must, Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.
Wormwood, Joseph, Co. K, 6th Inf.; must. March 19, 1862; wounded at Fred-
ericksburg, May 3, 1863; pro. to Ist lieut.
Wyman, Joseph, recruit, 8th Inf.; must. Aug. 28, 1862.

FOREIGN ENLISTMENTS.

Bedell, Irving A., 6th New Hampshire Volunteers.
Billings, John F., 5th Massachusetts Volunteers.
Came, Virgil M., 5th New Hampshire Volunteers.
Cutts, Charles A., 6th New Hampshire Volunteers.
Goodwin, Joseph W., U. 8. Navy.

Gilpatrick, Reuben, 5th New Hampshire Volunteers.
Hanscom, James A., U.S. Navy.

Joy, Samuel, 5th New Hampshire Volunteers.
Meader, Henry, Massachusetts Volunteers,

Rowell, Charles II., 5th New Hampshire Volunteers.
Reed, Freeman A., 5th Massachusetts Volunteers.
Staples, Frank, New Hampshire Volunteers.
Tibbetts, Harrison, 5th Massachusetts Volunteers.
Tomy, Thomas, 5th Massachusetts Volunteers.
Willis, John, 5th New Hampshire Volunteers.

PARSONSFIELD.

Ames, John, Co. K, 14th Inf.; must. Dec. 17, 1861; missing at Augusta, Me.,
Feb. 2, 1862.

Andrews, James E., Co. H, 27th Inf. ; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Bickford, Merrill W., Co. K, 10th Inf, ; must. Oct. 4, 1861; disch. with company,
May 7, 1863.

Bodge, Erastus, Co. —, 10th Inf.; must. October, 1861.

Bickford, Cyrus L., Co. A, 11th Inf.; must. Nov. 7, 1861; disch. 1862.

Bickford, Asael, Co. H, 14th Inf.; must. Jan. 27, 1862; died July 23, 1863.

Burbank, John P., Co. H, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Burbank, Luther S., Co. H, 27th Inf. ; must. Sept. 30, 62; disch. with company.

Burnham, Thatcher W., Co. H, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with
company.

Coombs, Artemas, Co. K, 10th Inf.; must. Oct. 4, 1861: disch. with company.

Coombs, Artemas, Co, I, 1st Cav. ) must. Dec. 16, 1863; disch. 1865.

Clough, John B., Co, A, 11th Inf. ; must. Nov. 7, 1861; dropped from rolls, 1862.

Carter, James, Co. A, 11th Inf. ; must, Sept. 13, 1862; in q.m. dept., 1864; disch.
June 12, 1865,

Clough, Charles H., Co, L, 2d Cav.; must. Dec. 24, 1863; died June 21, 1865.

Clough, William A., Co, L, 2d Cav.; must. Dec, 24, 1863; disch. with company.

Colcord, Henry W., 29th unassigned Inf.; must. April 25, 1865,

Day, Silas, Co. E, 2d Cav.; must. Oct. 5, 1864; disch. Oct. 5, 1865, 4

Deers, John E,, Co. A, 11th Inf.; must. Noy. 7, 1861; dropped from rolls, 1863.

Dodge, John M., Co. I, 1st Cav. ; must. Oct. 31, 1861 ; pro. to acting q.m. sergt.;
re-enl.; wounded, Oct, 27, 1864; pro. to Ist sergt.; disch. August, 1865.

Doe, Bradbury P., Co. I, 1st Cav.; must. Sept. 16, 1862; disch. May 28, 1865.

Dow, Howard H., Co. II, 14th Inf.; must. Jan. 28, 1862; wounded Oct. 19, 1864;
disch, with company.

Davis, Charles, corp., Co. H, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with com-
pany, July 17, 1863.

Dearborn, Moses S., Co. H, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. Jan. 26, 63,

Dearborn, Moses S., Co. I, 2d Cav.; must. Oct. 13, 1864; disch. Oct. 13, 1865.

Dunnells, Loring, Co. H, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Edgerly, George W., Co. K, 1st Inf.; must. May 3, 1861, for three months.

Eastman, Haskett, Co. —, 9th Inf.; must. Sept. 22, 1861; re-enl, Jan. 1, 1864.

Eastman, Marshall 8., band, 11th Inf.; must. Oct. 29, 1861; disch. with band,
September, 1862.

Eastman, Charles, Co. F, Ist Cav.; must. Oct. 19, 1861; wounded June 21, 1863 ;
taken prisoner, Oct. 12, 1863.
WAR OF THE REBELLION. 141

 

Edgecomb, Edwin P. E., Co. F, Ist Cav.

Emerson, Henry B., 29th Co., unassigned Inf. ; must. April 25, 1865.

Edwards, Nathaniel S., Co, F, lst Cav.; must. Oct. 19, 1861; taken prisoner
March 1, 1863.

Eastman, Frank, Co, H, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company. .

Eastman, (ireenleaf, Co. H, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. Jan. 26, 1863 ;
re-enl. in 29th Co., unassigned Inf. ; April 25, 1864.

Foster, Charles H., Co. H, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862 ; disch. with company.

Goodwin, John M., Co. H, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30; missing Nov. 27, 1862;
disch. with company.

Gustavus, Charles, Co. F, 11th Inf.; must. Oct. 13, 1864; substitute.

Hilton, George W., Co. B, 8th Inf.; must. Sept. 7, 1861; disch. Sept. 16, 1864.

Hill, Albra, Co. G, 13th Inf.; must. Dec. 31, 1861; disch. Feb. 7, 1862.

Hodsdon, William, Jr., Co. D, 20th Inf.; must. Aug. 29, 1862; trans. to In-
valid Corps, April 30, 1863.

Hodsdon, David, Co, ©, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch, with company,
July 17, 1863.

Hilton, Charles A., Co. H, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; pro. to corp.; disch.
with company.

Hill, Albert G., Co. H, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Hurd, John A., Co. H, 27th Inf. ; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Jackson, Abel, Co. D, 20th Inf.; must. Aug. 29, 1862; died Jan. 9, 1863.

Johnson, John 0O., Co. H, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Kidder, George E., Co. H, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30,1862 ; disch. with company.

Keene, Harrison M., sergt., Co. H, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; pro. to Ist
sergt.; disch. with company.

Kimball, Daniel, 29th Co., unassigned Inf.; must. April 25, 1865.

Longee, Enoch G., Co. F, 1st Cav.; must. Oct. 19, 1861; pro. to corp.; re-enl.
December, 1863 ; disch. Aug. 1, 1865.

Longee, John E., corp., Co. F, lat Cav.; must. Oct. 19, 1861 ; pro. to q.m. sergt. ;
re-enl, Dev. 31,1863; pro. to lst sergt. and Ist lieut.; disch. Aug. 1, 1865.

Longee, William H., Co. F, Ist Cav.; must. Oct. 20, 1861; disch. Nuv. 25, 1864.

Libby, Edwin A., Co. G, 13th Inf.; must. Dec. 31, 1861; re-enl. 1864; pro. to
chief musician of regiment.

Lord, Edward, Co. H, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company, July
17, 1863.

Lord, Edward, Co. L, 2d Cav.; must. Dec. 24, 1863; disch. with company, Dec.
6, 1865.

Mackie, Thomas, Co. G, 9th Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1864; disch. 1865.

Murphy, Michael, Co. F, 9th Inf.; must. Sept. 27, 1864; substitute; missing;
returned; disch. 1865.

Marston, Joseph L., Co. H, 14th Inf.; must. Jan. 27, 1862; disch. June 18, 1864,

Moore, Charles M., sergt., Co. A, 11th Inf.; must. Nov. 7, 1861; sick, 1862; disch.
September, 1862.

Moore, Calvin D., Co. A, 11th Inf.; must. Nov. 7, 1861; wounded at Fair Oaks,
1862; disch. Sept. 19, 1862.

Murphy, Daniel, Co..G, 13th Inf.; must. Dec. 12, 1861; died Nov. 15, 1863.

Maddox, Luther, Co. B, 3d Inf.; must. July 29, 1862 ; died Dec, 3, 1862.

Moore, John, Co. H, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Morrison, Ivory, Co. H, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Moulton, Alonzo P., Co. H, 27th Inf. ; must. Sept.30, 1862; disch. with company.

Moulton, Alonzo P., Co. L, 2d Cav.; must. Oct. 5, 1864; disch. Oct. 4,1865. *

Moody, James P., Co. B, 9th Inf.; must. Sept. 20, 1864; drafted; disch. June 30,
1865.

Moore, Reuben, Co. B, 9th Inf.; must. Sept. 23, 1864; disch. with company.

Newbegin, Eugene A., Co. I, Ist Cav.; must. Feb. 10,1864; disch. June 24, 1865.

Pray, William 0., Co. i, 2d Cav.; must. Oct. 5, 1864; disch. Oct. 5, 1865.

Ramsell, J. Lewis, Co. E, 9th Inf.; must. Sept. 22, 1861; re-enl. Jan. 1, 1864.

Palmer, Charles E., Co. A, 11th Inf. ; must. Nov. 7,1861 ; wounded at Fair Oaks ;
disch. 1863. ‘

Perkins, George E., Co. I, 1st Cav.; must, Oct. 31, 1861; re-enl. Jan. 1, 1864;
pro. to corp.; disch. June 20, 1865.

Pendexter, Paul, Jr., Co. H, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Philbvick, Ira A., Co. H, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Piper, James, Co. B, 9th Inf.; must. Sept. 20, 1864; disch. 1865.

Pierce, William S., Co. F, 11th Inf.; must. Oct 13, 1864; disch. Oct. 12, 1865.

Ridlon, William, Co. H, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862 ; disch. with company.

Ross, Hugh, Co. H, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Suter, John F., Co. H, 14th Inf.; must. Jan. 27, 1862; disch. Sept. 16, 1862.

Simpson, Daniel F., Co. D, 20th Inf.; must. Aug. 29, 1862; died Nov. 11, 1862.

Smart, Almond 0,, 1st lieut., Co, H, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862 ; pro. to capt.,
Novy. 20, 1862; disch. with company.

Sullivan, John, Co. G, 9th Inf.; must. Oct. 4, 1864.

Sanborn, Newton, 29th Co., unassigned Inf.; must. April 25, 1865.

Sanborn, Clinton F., 29th Co., unassigned Inf.; must. April 25, 1865.

Smith, Stillman C.,sergt., 29th Co., unassigned Inf.; must. April 25, 1865; disch.
with company.

Sadler, Edwin A., 29th Co., unassigned Inf. ; must. April 25, 1865 ; disch. with

Pe company. :
Scates, David W.C., 29th Co., unassigned Inf. ; must. April 25, 1865; disch. with
company. ; ; ;
Smith, James M., 29th Cot; unassigned Inf.; must. April 25, 1865; disch. with
company. ~

Stone, Lewis G., 29th Co., unassigned Inf.; must. April 25, 1865; disch. with
company, July 27, 1863. ;

Stone, Lewis G., Co. L, 2d Cav.; must. Dec. 24, 1863; disch. with company, Dec.
6, 1865.

 

Tuck, Cass, Co. A, 11th Inf.; must, Nov. 7, 1861; disch. Nov. 23, 1863.

Tuck, Samuel H., Co. F, 7th Inf.; must. Aug. 21,1861; trans. to Co. D, 1862;
died April 12, 1863.

Varney, Aaron, Co. H, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company,
July 17, 1863.

Varney, Aaron, Co. D, 2d Cav.; must. Oct. 5, 1864; disch, Oct. 4, 1865.

Welch, Charles H., Co. H, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. Oct. 4, 1865.

Wilson, George W., Co. H, 16th Inf.; must. Aug. 14, 1862; taken prisoner ;
died in Andersonville, July 20, 1864.

Wood, Charles I., Co. A, 11th Inf.; must. Nov. 7, 1861.

Wood, Ira D., Co. A, 11th Inf.; must. Nov. 7, 1861; disch. Sept. 19, 1862.

Wood, Charles H., Co. H, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; died Nov. 14, 1862, at
Camp Seward.

Williams, William H., Co. C, 9th Inf.; must. Oct. 1, 1864; disch. June 30, 1865.

FOREIGN ENLISTMENTS.

. Bailey, Edwin, Massachusetts Volunteers.

Bailey, Edwin, 50th Massachusetts Infantry.
Bickford, George M., 101st Illinois Infantry.
Chick, John E., 3d New Hampshire Volunteers.
Clough, Ira, 3d New Hampshire Volunteers.
Davis, James, Massachusetts Volunteers.
Eastinan, Clark, 3d New Hampshire Volunteers.
French, Lorenzo, New Hampshire Volunteers.
Hayes, Ivory, New Hampshire Volunteers.
Hayes, William, New Hampshire Volunteers.
Longee, John E., Massachusetts Volunteers.
Moore, Charles M., Massachusetts Volunteers.
Morrill, George W., 50th Massachusetts Infantry.
Ramsell, Franklin, Massachusetts Volunteers.

SACO.

Allen, Lucius A., regimental band, 2d Inf.; must. June 14, 1861; disch, Aug.
14, 1862.

Avery, Dexter, Co. C, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861; disch. with company, July
27, 1864.

Atkinson, William H., Co. C, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861; wounded May 10,
1864; disch. with company, July 27, 1864.

Andrews, George H., Co. C, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861; wounded May 10,
1864; disch. with company, July 27, 1864.

Adams, Benj. W., Co. C, 5th Inf.; must. Aug. 26, 1862; disch. Feb. 16, 1863.

Allen, Isaac A., Co. C, 5th Inf.; must. Oct. 10, 1862; trans. to Ist Vet. Inf., July,
1864,

Abbott, Aaron M., Co. E, 9th Inf.; must. Sept. 22, 1861; killed July 20, 1864.

Adams, John Q., capt., Co. A, 10th Inf.; must. Oct. 26, 1861; disch. with com-
pany, Oct. 26, 1864 *

Adams, Benjamin W., Co. C, 5th Inf.; must. Aug. 26, 1862; disch. Feb. 16, 1863.

Andrews, George H., Vet. Res. Corps; must. March 21, 1865.

Allen, John H., Co, D, 2d Cav.; must. Sept. 30, 1864; disch. Oct, 4, 1865.

Atkins, Charles P., Co. A, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Andrews, Watson, wagoner, 6th Bat. M. Art.; must. May 10, 1862; re-enl. 1864.

Adams, Franklin C., sergt., Co. I, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; pro. to lst
sergt. and 2d lieut.; discharged from wounds, 1864.

Abbott, Allen H., Co. I, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; disch. with company,
June 4, 1865.

Atchinson, Charles, Co. G, 30th Inf.; must. June 6, 1864.

Bagley, William H., Co. I, 31st Inf.; must. April 5, 1864; disch. June 24, 1865,

Barnaby, Ephraim B., Co. K, 1st Cav. ; must, Feb. 16, 1864.

Babb, Lothrop, wagoner, Co. K, lst Cav.; must. Feb. 16, 1864; pro. to corp.;
disch. June 8, 1865.

Bean, Burns R., Co K, 1st Cav.; must. Feb. 16, 1864: disch. Aug. 14, 1865.

Beach, Addison H., Co, K, 13th Regt.; must, Jan. 2, 1862; died July 21, 1864.

Barrows, David §., 1st sergt., Co. A, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with
company, July 17, 1863.

Bradbury, Edward, Co. A, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with com-
pany, July 17, 1863.

Bradbury, Eben H. C., Co. A, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with com-
pany, July 17, 1863.

Bradbury, Joseph F., Co. A, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with com-
pany, July 17, 1863.

Bradbury, Charles W., Co. A, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with com-
pany, July 17, 1863,

Bailey, Albert, wagoner, Co. F, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862 ; disch. with com-
pany, July 17, 1863.

Bell, George W., Co. D, 16th Inf.; must. July 30, 1863; taken prisoner, May 5,
1864; trans. to 20th Inf., June 5, 1865.

Benson, Robert, Co. I,17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; wounded May 27, 1864;
trans. to Vet. Res. Corps.

Bradbury, Augustus F., Co. I, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; disch. with com-
pany.

Brand, Thomas, Co, I, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; pro. corp. and sergt.,
1864; disch. with company.

 

* Companies A and D, which were the only three years’ companies of the
10th Regiment, were known as Company A and Battalion 10th Maine, from
Nov. 1, 1863, to May 31, 1864, when they became a part of the 29th Infantry.
142 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

Bryant, Stephen, Co. I, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; wounded May 6, 1864;
disch. with company.

Baker, Cyrus, Co. I, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; disch. April 7, 1863.

Bell, Joseph, Co. M, 2d Cav.; must, Oct. 4, 1864; disch. Oct. 10, 1865.

Boothby, Andrew, Co. M, 2d Cav.; must. Oct. 4, 1864; disch, Oct. 10, 1865.

Bryant, Eron J., Co, M, 2d Cav.; must. Sept. 16, 1862; taken prisoner at Freder-
icksburg, May 3, 1863; trans. to Ist Vet. Inf., 1864.

Barrows, David §., 2d lieut., Co. C, 5th Inf.; must, June 24, 1861; pro. to capt.,
Aug. 15, 1861; resigned Jan. 20, 1862.

Basseck, Josiah T., Co. C, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861.

Bell, Joseph, Co. C, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861; wounded May 10, 1864;
disch. with company.

Bryant, Eron J., Co. C, 5th Inf.; must. Sept. 16, 1862; taken prisoner at Freder-
icksburg, May 35, 1863.

Berry, David, Co, C, 5th Inf.; must. July 25, 1861; disch. Sept. 6, 1862.

Barrows, Daniel D., Co. E, 9th Inf.; must. Sept. 22, 1861; trans. to Signal Corps,
1864,

Boothby, Francis A., Jr., Co. E, 9th Inf.; must. Sept. 22,1861; re-enl. Jan. 12,
1864; pro. to sergt.

Brackett, George H., Co. A, 10th Inf.; must. Oct. 15, 1861; drummer; disch.
with company.

Cole, Edwin, Co. A, 10th Inf.; must. Nov. 27, 1861; re-enl. Feb. 8, 1864; trans-

ferred.

Chappell, Joseph H., Co. A, 10th Inf.; must. Oct. 16, 1861; taken prisoner, May
25,1862; exchanged; disch. with company. e

Cross, Thaddeus, Co. A, 10th Inf.; must. Oct. 4, 1861; pro. to corp.; disch. with
company.

Cullum, John, Jr., Co. A, 10th Inf. ; must. Oct. 4, 1861; pro. to corp.; disch. with
company.

Collum, Alfred, Co. A, 10th Inf.; must. Oct. 4, 1861; missing May 27, 1862.

Cole, James, sergt., Co. C, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861; detached to gunboat,
1862,

Chadbourne, Edward C., corp., Co. C, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861; pro. to 1st
sergt.; killed at South Mountain, 1862.~

Cillea, John, Co. C, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861; wounded May 3, 1863;
wounded May 10, 1864; disch. with company.

Cole, Alonzo, Co. C, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861; missing, Sept. 7, 1862.

Collins, Daniel, Co. C, 5th Inf.; must. June 24,1861; killed at Gaines’ Mills,
June 27, 1862.

Caderette, Euzeb, Co. C, 5th Inf.; must. Sept. 26, 1862; wounded May 12, 1864;
trans. to 1st Vet. Inf.

Chandler, Moses 8., Co. A, 9th Inf.; must. Oct. 4, 1861; missing June 9, 1862.

Cross, Thaddeus, Co. A, 9th Inf.; must. Oct. 4, 1861; disch. Aug. 11, 1862.

Carter, Otis, Co. K, 13th Inf.; must. Dec. 13, 1861; detached as nurse, 1863.

Casson, Joseph, Co. A, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862 ; disch. with company.

Chellis, Albion K. P., Co. A, 27th Inf.; must, Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with com-
pany.

Cluff, Samuel, Co. A, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Corsens, Francis J., Co. A, 27th Inf. ; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Clark, Thomas, Co. I, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; disch. with company.

Cole, Edward, Co. F, 29th Inf.; must. Jan. 1, 1864; missing May 31, 1865.

Cousens, Jason, Ov. F, 30th Inf.; must. Jan. 6, 1864; pro. to corp.; disch. with
company, August, 1865,

Cole, Alonzo, Ist Vet. Reserve; must. March 18, 1865.

Dunn, Alanson, corp., Co. A, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1861; disch. with

‘ company.

Davis, William G., Co. A, 27th Inf.; musf. Sept. 30, 1861; disch. with company.

Dunn, Daniel, Co. A, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1861; disch. with company.

Dyer, Thomas, Jr., Co. A, 27th Inf. ; must. Sept. 30, 1861. 2

Deering, George A., 2d lieut., Co. F, 16th Inf.; must. Aug. 14, 1862; pro. to lst
lieut.; taken prisoner July 1, 1863; pro. to capt., 1864; disch. with com-
pany, June 5, 1865.

Davis, Josiah B., Co. F, 16th Inf.; must. Aug. 14, 1862; died in Richmond, June,
1863.

Dennett, Eli, wagoner, Co. C, Sth Inf.; must. June 24,1861; pro. to brigade
wagonmaster, 1863.

Davis, Walter H., Co. C, 5th Inf.; must, June 24, 1861; died Nov. 30, 1861.

Deering, James, Co. OU, 5th Inf.; must, June 24, 1861; missing July 24, 1861.

Dennett, Joseph C , Co. C, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861; re-en), Jan. 18, 1864,
in Ist Vet. Inf.

Drew, Abram, Co. C, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861; disch. 1863.

Day, Woodbury, Co. C, 5th Inf.; must, Feb. 24; disch. Aug. 1, 1862.

Deas, James D., Co.C, 5th Inf.; must. June 24,1861; pro. to drummer, 1861 ;
disch. with company.

Dyer, Thomas, Co. A;10th Inf.; must. Nov. 27, 1861; disch. March 11, 1862.

Deland, Francis S., Co. I, 17th Inf.; mnst. Aug. 18, 1862 ; disch. with company-

Dearborn, John B., Co. K, 1st Cav.; must. Feb. 5, 1864; pro. to corp. and sergt.;
disch, with company.

Dearborn, Charles B., Co. K, Ist Cav.; must. Feb. 15, 1864.

Dolley, Joseph C., Co, A, Coast Guards Art.; must. Oct. 22, 1861; disch. 1862.

Emery, Jotham, Jr., Co. A, Coast Guards Art.; must. Oct. 22,1861; disch. 1862.

Emerson, Thomas W., Co. I, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862.

Ellam, John E., Co. C, 5th Inf.; must. June 24; disch. Sept. 5, 1861.

Elliot, Isaac, Co. A, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch, with company.

Fletcher, Moses, 6th Bat. M. Art.; must. Jan. 29, 1862; re-enl, 1864.

Fenderson, Benjamin, Co. F,16th Inf.; must. Aug. 14, 1862 ; wounded at Gettys-
burg, July, 1863; disch. June 16, 1865.

 

Floyd, Ephraim H., Co. F, 16th Inf.; must, Aug. 14, 1862; pro, to corp.;
wounded Aug. 18, 1864; disch. April 20, 1865,

French, Charles, Co. K, 14th Inf.; must. 1861; disch. 1862.

Fenderson, Joseph P., Co. C, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861; detached to gun-
boat, 1863.

Fendersun, Jos. P., Co. F, 16th Inf.; must. Sept. 10, 1863; drafted; trans. 1864,

Foss, George I., Co. 0, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861; died July 14,1862.

Fernald, George P., Co. A, 9th Inf., must. Oct. 4, 1861; pro. to corp., to sergt.;

and in 1864, 2d lieut., U. 8. Col. Troops.

Foss, Rubert, corp., Co. A, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Fenderson, Charles W., Co. A, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862 ; disch. with com-
pany.

Floyd, Daniel, Co. A, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Foss, James L., Co. A, 27th Inf. ; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Fowler, Frank, Co. A, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Farrell, James, Co. K, 17th Inf.; must. Sept. 8, 1863; missing Jan. 5, 1864.

Guilford, Hiram, Co. F, 16th Inf.; must. Aug. 14, 1862; killed at Fredericks-
burg, Dec. 13, 1862.

Gurney, Fred. S., sergt., Co. A, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862 ; disch. with com-
pany.

Graffam, Joseph, sergt., Co. A, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with com-
pany.

Gallison, Greenleaf W., Co. A, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with com-
pany.

Googins, Wm. H., Co. A, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with compiny.

Grant, Elijah M., Co. A, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Goodwin, Charles J., corp., Co.I, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; pro. to sergt.;
wounded May 6, 1864; pro. to 1st sergt. ; disch. with company.

Goodwin, Charles E., Co. I, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; killed May 6, 1864.

Gurney, Fred. §., Ist lieut., Co. C, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861; resigned Aug.
14, 1861.

Gaddis, James, Co. CO, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861.

Gowen, James H., Co. C, 5th Inf. ; must. June 24, 1861; disch. Oct. 3, 1861.

Gowen, §. P., Co. C, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861 ; disch. Oct. 3, 1861.

Googins, Charles P., Co. C, 5th Inf.; must. Aug. 17, 1862 ; trans. to Signal Corps,
1863,

Green, Edwin K., Co. D, 7th Inf.

Green, John, Co. K, 7th Inf.; must. Feb. 9, 1862; died Feb. 10, 1863.

Green, Jonas, Co. K, 7th Inf.; must. Feb, 9, 1862.

Gillpatrick, John §., corp., Co. E, 9th Inf.; must. Sept. 22, 1861; disch. June 4,
1863.

Gould, Joseph, Co. A, 10th Inf.; must. Nov. 27, 1861; disch. with company.

Green, Joseph, division teamster, Co. F, 16th Inf.; must. Aug. 14, 1862; pris-
oner; exchanged; disch, with company.

Higgins, James H., Co. C, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861; pro. to corp., 1861.

Hall, Elbridge G., Co. C, 5th Inf.; must. June 24,1861; missing July 23, 1861.

Hunt, Frank, corp., Co. A, 10th Inf.; must. Oct. 4, 1861; disch. Sept. 5, 1862.

Hamlin, Zachariah L., Co. A, 10th Inf.; must. Oct. 4, 1861; killed at Cedar
Mountain, Oct. 4, 1862.

Hanson, Daniel, Co. A, 10th Inf.; must. Oct. 15, 1861; taken prisoner, Sept. 3,
1864; disch. April 28, 1865. :

Harding, John M., Co. F, 16th Inf.; must. Aug. 14, 1862; disch. Nov. 18, 1862.

Haley, Dennis, Co. F, 16th Inf.; must. Sept. 9, 1863; transferred, 1864.

Hodsdon, Ivory M., hosp. steward, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 19, 1862; disch. with
regiment.

Harmon, Frank L., 2d lieut., Co. A, 27th Inf.; must, Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with
company.

Ham, Orin F., Co. A, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 20,1862 ; disch. with company.

Henderson, Alvah, Co. A, 27th Inf.; must. Oct. 15, 1862; disch. with company.

Hodgdon, Hiram, Co. A, 27th Inf. ; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Hopkins, Jonathan C., Co, A, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with com-
pany.

Hodsdon, I. Marshall, Co. A, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with com-
pany.

Hutchins, Sidney H., 2d lieut., Co. G, 5th Inf. ; joined 1863.

Hobson, William, capt., Co. I, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; pro. to maj. and
lieut.-col. ; disch. with regiment.

Haley, John, Co. I, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; pro. to corp.; disch. with
company.

Harmon, Andrew J., Co. I, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; died of wounds,
May 25, 1864.

Hill, Joseph, Co. I, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; wounded Nov. 27, 1864;
trans. to Vet. Res. Corps.

Hodsdon, Wallace 8., Co. I, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; wounded April 6,
1865; discharged.

Harris, Charles, Co. I, 17th Inf.; must. Sept. 8; missing Sept. 23, 1863.

Higgins, James H., Ist District of Columbia Cav.; must. Feb. 9, 1864,

Hill, Frederick A., 1st Vet. Res. Corps ; must. March 7, 1865,

Hickory, Patrick, Jr., 1st Vet. Res. Corps ; must. March 21, 1865.

Hight, Elisha, Co. D, 14th Inf.; must. March 9, 1865.

Jordan, J. Harrison, Co. E, 9th Inf.; must. Sept. 22, 1861; died Sept. 16, 1863.

Jordan, George H., sergt., Co. A, 27th Inf.; must. Sépt. 30, 1862; disch. with
company.

Johnson, Daniel E., Co. A, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; appointed artificer;
disch. with company.

Johnson, Nathaniel, Co. A, 30th Inf.; must. Jan, 6, 1864; disch. with company.

Johnson, Edwin P., Co. A, 30th Inf.; must, Jan. 6, 1864; disch. with company.
WAR OF THE REBELLION. 143

 

Johnson, William, Co. C, Ist Cav.; must. Feb. 4, 1864; disch, June 4, 1865.

Jackson, Albert M,, 1st District of Columbia Cav.; must. Feb. 5, 1864.

Jordan, Charles A., Co. I,17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; wounded July 2, 1863;
disch. January, 1865.

Jose, James W., Co. J, 17th Inf.; must, Aug. 18, 1863; wounded May Gand Sept.
30, 1864; disch. with company, 1865,

Knight, Edward B., Co. F, 8th Inf.; must, Oct. 3, 1862; disch. Oct. 4, 1865.

Kimball, Dr. John E. L., surg., 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 19, 1862; disch. with
regiment.

Knight, Edward T., Co. A, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862 ; disch. with company.

Kendrick, John W., Co. I, 17th Inf. ; must, Aug. 18, 62; pro. to corp.; wounded
May 3, 1863 ; pro. to sergt., 1864; trans. to Vet. Res. Corps.

Kulham, John A., Co. I, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18,1862; killed May 23, 1864,

Kimball, George, Co. I, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; wounded July 2, 1863;
disch. 1865.

Kendrick, Seth M., Co. M, 2d Cav.; must. Oct. 4, 1864; disch. Oct. 10, 1865,

King, Milton J., Co, M, 2d Cav ; must. Oct. 4, 1864; disch. Oct. 10, 1865,

Kimball, Luther G., Co, C, 5th Inf. ; must. June 24, 1861; disch. 1862.

Kelley, John A., sergt., Co. E, 9th Inf.; must. Sept. 22, 1861; pro. to 2d lieut.,
1862; dismissed, 1863.

King, William, corp., Co, E, 9th Inf.; must. Sept. 22, 1861; disch. Sept. 27, 1864.

Kendrick, George W., Co. A, 10th Inf.; must, Oct. 15, 1861; disch. with company.

Kendrick, James L., Co. A, 10th Inf.; must. Nov. 27, 1861 3 pro. to corp.;
wounded at Cedar Mountain; died Aug. 15, 1862.

Keeley, George, Co. K, 13th Inf.; must. Dec. 13, 1862; pro. to hospital steward
1863.

Keeley, William, Co. K, 13th Inf.; must. Dec. 13, 1862; pro. to 2d lieut., Colored
Troops, 1863.

Leavitt, Benjamin F., sergt., Co. C, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861; pro. to sergt.
1862; sent North to recruit; disch. with company.

Lane, Albert F., corp., Co. C, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861; pro. to 1st sergt.,
1862; reduced and detached to gunboat.

Littlefield, Ivory, musician, Co. C, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861; pro. to corp. ;
wounded at Gaines’ Mills; dropped from rolls, 1862.

Lewis, John, Co. C, 5th Inf. ; must. June 24, 1861; trans. to U. S. Army, 1863.

Littlefield, Ephraim, Ist lieut., Co. A, 10th Inf.; must. Oct. 4, 1861; resigned
May 26, 1862.

Leighton, Moses, Co. A, 10th Inf.; must. Oct. 4, 1861; disch. with company.

Lovejoy, Charles, 10th Inf.; must. 1861.

Livingston, Luther D. (2d), Co. F, 16th Inf.; must. Aug. 14, 1861; trans, to
Invalid Corps, 1863.

Lewis, Gilman, Co. A, 27th Inf. ; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Lowell, John H., Co. A, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Lowell, Moses E., Co. A, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Littlefield, Horatio, 6th Bat. M. Art.; must. January 18; missing Aug. 21,1862.

Libby, Eugene A., Co. E, Ist Cav.; must. Nov. 19, 1863; disch. July 12, 1865.

Lombard, Jesse, Co. K, 1st Cav.; must. Feb. 18, 1864; disch. June 10, 1865.

Lane, William H., Co. F, 12th Inf.; must. Feb, 23, 1865.

Ladd, John D., Co. L, 2d Cav.; must. Oct. 1, 1864; disch. Oct. 4, 1865.

Littlefield, Ephraim M., Co. M, 2d Cav.; must. Oct. 4, 1864; disch. Oct. 10, 1865.

Maybury, George, Co. D, 2d Cav.; must. Oct. 10, 1864; disch. 1865.

Murphy, William D., Ist Vet. Res. Corps ; must. March 21, 1865.

McCulloch, Joseph, Co, A, 30th Inf.; must. Jan. 6, 1864; disch. with company.

Milliken, Loren H., Co. K, 1st Cav.; must. Feb. 22, 1864; disch. June 21, 1865.

Merrill, Charles H., Co. A, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; pro. ‘to hospital
steward; disch. with company.

Milliken, John S., Co. A, 27th Inf.; must. Oct. 15, 1862; disch. with company.

Mitchell, Frederick A., Co. I,17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; pro. to corp.;
wounded July 3, and died July 10, 1863.

Merrill, George E., Co. F, 16th Inf.; must, Aug. 14, 1862; killed at l'redericks-
burg, Dec. 13, 1862.

McCann, Charles M., Co. F., 16th Inf.; must. Aug. 14, 1862; died March 18,
1863.

Moody, Orren, corp., Co. C, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861; disch. Aug. 20, 1861.

Moody, Orren, corp., Co, K, 13th Inf.; must. Dec, 13, 1861; detached as nurse
at Ship Island hospital, 1862.

Mitchell, Charles W., Co. C, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861; dropped from rolls
per general order, in 1862.

Merrill, Charles D., Co. C, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861; made fifer, October,
1861; disch. 1862.

McCulloch, Andrew J., Co. C, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861; trans. to Invalid
Corps, 1863.

McCarthy, Andrew, Co. C, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861; died May 10, 1864.

McCarty, Dennis, Co. C, 5th Inf.; must. Oct. 20,1862; disch. July 19, 1863.

Merrill, George, Co. K, 5th Inf,; must. June 24,1861; disch. Oct 15, 1861.

McGoren, John, Co. K, 6th Inf.; must. July 15, 1861; missing in battle, May 10,
1864.

Merrill, Asa, Co. F, 7th Inf.; must. Aug. 21, 1861; disch. Jan, 13, 1862.

Milliken, Charles M., Co. E, 9th Inf.; must. Sept. 22, 1861; re-enl. Jan. 12,
1864; pro. to corp.

Makepiece, Charles, Co. E, 9th Inf.; must. Sept. 22, 1861; pro. to corp.; disch,
Oct. 12, 1864.

Marshall, Richard, Co. E, 9th Inf. ; must. Sept. 22, 1861; disch. Feb. 7, 1863.

Milliken, Ethan, Co. E, 9th Inf. ; must. Sept. 22, 1861; died Feb. 20, 1862.

McKenney, Welber W., sergt., Co. E, 9th Inf,; must. Nov. 12, 1862; pro. to
sergt. of 19th Army Corps, ambulance corps, in 1864.

McKenney, Rufus, 13th Inf.; must. 1861.

 

Noyes, Isaac B., capt., Co. C, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1864; resigned Aug. 10,
1861.

Noyes, W. §., Co. C, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861; taken prisoner, July 21, 1861.

Nason, Daniel, Co. H, 14th Inf.; must. Jan. 27, 1862; disch. June 18, 1862.

O’Brien, Lewis, q.m., 27th Inf., must. Sept. 19, 1862; disch, with regiment,
July 17, 1863.

Plummer, Frank, Co. I, 2d Cav.; must. Oct. 18, 1864; disch. Nov. 2, 1865.

Perkins, Thaddeus, 1st Vet. Res.; must. April 14, 1865.

Prescott, Edwin, Co. F, 31st Inf.; must. April 5, 1864; pro. to corp.; disch, 1865.

Patterson, Gardner L., Co. F, 31st Inf.; must. April 5, 1864; veteran; died in
prison, Jan. 7, 1865.

Patterson, Hiram, Co. I, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; pro. to corp.; disch.
with company.

Perry, William, Co. I, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; disch. with company.

Parcher, Samuel F., band, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861; disch. with band in
1862, .

Pennell, James M., corp., Co. C, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861; killed at Gaines?
Mills, 1862.

Bradbury, Elbridge G., corp., Co. C, 5th Inf.; must, June 24, 1861; wounded at
Gaines’ Mills, 1862; died July 28, 1862.

Patrick, James A., corp., Co. C, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861; trans, to 3d Inf.
drum corps in 1863,

Phillips, Seth, Co. C, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861; disch. Oct. 3, 1861.

Plummer, Frank, Co. E, 9th Inf.; must. Sept. 22, 1861; disch. Sept. 27, 1864.

Patterson, Oliver T., Co. E, 9th Inf.; must. Sept. 22, 1861; killed June 30, 1864.

Pierce, Charles E., 2d lieut., Co. A, 10th Inf.; must. Oct. 26, 1861; disch. Oct.
18, 1864.

Palmer, George, Co. F, 16th Inf.; must. Aug. 14, 1892; wounded at Gettysburg,
July 1; missing Aug. 29, 1863.

Patterson, Gardner L., Co. A, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with com-
pany.

Patterson, Mark, Co. A, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Phillips, Rufus, Co. A, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Plummer, William, Co, A, 27th Inf. ; must. Sept. 30, 1862 ; disch, with company.

Prescott, Alpheus, Co. A, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Prescott, Roswell, Co. A, 27th Inf. ; must. Sept, 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Prescott, Wallace, Co. A, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862 ; disch. with company.

Richards, Sumner §., 1st sergt., Co. I, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; pro. to
2d and Ist lieutenant.

Ridlon, Albion L., 1st District of Columbia Cav. ; must. Feb. 9, 1864.

Riley, James, Co. A, 16th Inf.; must. Aug. 10, 1863 ; substitute.

Ricker, Charles, Co. C, 5th Inf.; must. June 24,1861; detached in Alexandria
hospital, 1863; disch. with company.

Richards, Benj., Co. C, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861; trans. to lst Inf., 1864.

Ricker, Frank, Co. C, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861; disch. with company.

Roberts, Lewis, Co, A, 10th Inf.; must. Oct. 4, 1861; disch. Nov. 30, 1862.

Rowe, Daniel M., Co. A, 10th Inf.; must. Oct. 15, 1861; disch. with company.

Rey nolds, Charles, Co, F,16th Inf.; must. Aug. 14, 1862; wounded May 5; disch.
May 22, 1865.

Ricker, Alonzo F., musician, Co. A, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with
company.

Rounds, Daniel, wagoner, Co. A, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with
company.

Ridlon, Henry, Co. A, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Ridlon, John, Co. A, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Sawyer, Horatio, Co. A, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. Oct. 5, 1862.

Sawyer, Obadiah, Co. A, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Scammon, Jas, S., Co. A, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. March 31, 1863.

Seavy, Frank, Co. A, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Shepard, Augustus, Co. A, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. Oct. 20, 1862.

Stevens, Abel C. T., 1st sergt., Co. C, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861; pro. to Ist
lieut., Aug. 15, 1861; resigned May 6, 1862.

Sanborn, Daniel, sergt., Co. C, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861; detached to gun-
boat, 1862. .

Shaw, William Henry, sergt., Co. C, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861; pro. to 2d
lient., Aug. 26, 1861; resigned Dec. 20, 1862.

Stevens, Charles H. P., Co. C, 5th Inf.; must. June 24,1861; pro. tocorp.; disch.
with company.

Small, George E. B., Co. C, Sth Inf.; must. Feb. 7, 1862; trans. to 1st Vet. Inf.,
July 27, 1864.

Seavy, Orrin, Co. C, 5th Inf. ; must. June 24, 1861; disch. Jan. 25, 1862.

Sweetsir, George W., Co. E, 9th Inf.; must. Sept. 22, 1861; disch. Feb. 27, 1863.

Sloman, William, Co. E, 9th Inf.; must. Sept. 22, 1861; appointed musician,
1862; bugler, 1863; pro. to Ist sergt., 1864.

Stevens, Osgood M., Co. A, 10th Inf.; must. Oct. 4, 1861; disch. April 6, 1862.

Spear, Christopher C., Co. A, 10th Inf.; must. Oct. 4, 1861; wounded at Cedar
Mountain ; disch. October, 1862.

Stevens, Thomas, Co. A, 10th Inf.; must. Oct. 4,1861; disch. Feb. 4, 1863.

Snowdale, Albion, Co. A, 10th Inf.; must. Nov. 27, 1861; missing May 27, 1862.

Shaw, Parker, Co. F, 8th Inf.; must. Sept. 25, 1862 ; disch, Feb. 8, 1865.

Silley, Geo., Co. H, 14th Inf. ; must. Jan. 27, 1862 ; detached to Signal Corps, 1862.

Sawyer, Freeman C., Co, F, 16th Inf. ; must. Aug, 14, 1862; killed at Fredericks-
burg, Dec. 13, 1862.

Seavey, Charles L., 16th Inf.; must. Aug. 14, 1862; pro. to corp. and sergt. ;
disch. with company.

Sweetsir, John W., corp., Co, A, 27th Inf. ; must. Sept. 30, 1861; disch. with

company.
144 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

Staples, Charles F., corp., Co. A, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1861; disch. with com-
pany.

Small, Lewis L., Co. A, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with-company.

Smith, James H., Co. A, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; transferred; pro. to
corp. and sergt.; disch. July, 1865.

Stacy, Uranus, Co. A, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Sweetsir, Stephen E., Co. A, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with com-
pany. ;

Sally, Scott, Co. D, 7th Inf.; must. Jan. 21, 1863; trans, to Ist Vet. Inf., 1864.

Saunders, Thomas B., Co. I, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; trans, to Vet. Res.
Corps, 1864.

Smith, Alvin, Co. I, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; killed May 6, 1864.

Stacy, Owen, Co. I, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; pro. to corp.; wounded July
2, 1863; pro. to sergt.; disch. with company.

Sullivan, William, Co. I, 17th Inf.; must. Sept. 8; missing, Sept. 23, 1863.

Smith, Asa B., Co. F, 31st Inf.; must, April 5, 1864; died in prison, Jan. 2, 1865.

Smith, Alex., Co. F, 31st Inf.; must. April 5, 1864; disch. with company, 1865.

Seavy, Orrin, Co. I, 2d Cav.; must. Oct. 4, 1864; disch. Oct. 3, 1865.

Tyne, Michael, Co. C, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861; disch. with company.

Taylor, Fernando K., Co. K, 9th Inf.; must. Sept. 21, 1861; re-enl. Jan, 12, 1864;
pro. to 2d lieut. .

Towle, David B., Co. A, 10th Inf.; must, Oct. 4, 1861; disch. July 31, 1862.

Thorp, David H., Co. F, 16th Inf.; must. Aug. 14, 1862; disch. with company.

Tibbetts, Sheldron, Co. F, 16th Inf.; must. Aug. 14, 1862; division teamster ;
wounded July 1, 1863; trans. to Vet. Res. Corps.

Tapley, Rufus P., col., 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 19, 1862; disch. Jan. 23, 1863.

Tapley, Wm. H., com. sergt., 27th Inf.; must, Sept. 19, 1862; disch. with regt.

Tapley, David G., Co. A, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 19, 1862; regimental postmaster;
disch. with company.

Tapley, William H., Co. A, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; pro. to com. sergt.;
disch. with regt.

Tasker, George F., Co. I, 17th Inf.; must, Aug. 18, 1862; wounded May 6; died
May 21, 1864, .
Thompson, John H., Co. C, 29th Inf. ; must. Dec. 17, 1863 ; disch. with company.

Towle, William G., 1st District of Columbia Cav.; must. Feb. 9, 1864.

Tuttle, Lorin S., Co. F, 31st Inf.; must. April 5, 1864; disch. May 19, 1865.

Tuttle, David L., Co. F, 31st Inf.; must. April 5, 1864; died in prison, Dec. 22,
1864.

Tuttle, Lewis 8., Co. F, 31st Inf.; must. April 5, 1864; died in prison, Nov. 30,
1864.

Underwood, John M., Co. K, 7th Inf.; must. Aug. 21, 1861.

Usher, Scollay G., Co I, 17th Inf.; must. Aug, 18, 1862 ; pro. to sergt., 1863, and
2d and Ist lieut., Co. G, 1864; disch. June, 1865.

Vinton, Earnest E. M., Co. G, 29th Inf.; must. Jan. 18, 1865.

Wadleigh, James R., Co. I, 2d Cav.; must. Oct. 8, 1864; disch. Oct. 7, 1865.

Wentworth, Benjamin M., 1st Vet. Res. ; must. March 7, 1865.

Williams, Randall B., Ist Vet. Res. ; must. April 7, 1865,

Willand, John H., 1st Vet. Res.; must. March 18,1865.

Wayland, Valentine, Co. A, 30th Inf.; must. Jan. 6, 1864.

Welch, Timothy, Co. G, 30th Inf.; must. Jan. 6, 1864.

White, Robert H., 1st District of Columbia Cav.; must. Feb. 4, 1864.

Whitten, Geo., Jr., Co. I, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; disch. with company,

Ward, George H., capt., Co. A, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with com-
pany.

Wingate, Jesse B., corp., Co. A, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30,1862; disch. with
company.

Wadleigh, Elisha, Co. A, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Wilson, Chas. W., Co. A, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Wayland, James, Co. D, 7th Inf.; must. Jan. 21, 1863; trans. to Ist Vet. Inf.,
1864.

Wood, James §., Co. B, 12th Inf.; must. Nov. 16, 1861; disch. with company.

Walker, Freeman F., Co. A, 10th Inf.; must. Nov. 27, 1861; wounded at Cedar
Mountain; died Oct. 29, 1862.

Wormell, Elestus 8., corp., Co. C, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861; wounded at
Gaines’ Mills, 1862 ; dropped from the rolls.

Webb, Charles W., Co. C, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861; died Oct. 29, 1862.

Wilber, Joseph, Co. C, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861; disch. with company.

Wormell, Daniel C., Co. C, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861; re-enl. in 2d U- §.
Art., 1863,

Wormell, Sylvester S.,Co. C, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861 3} pro. to corp.;
wounded May 10, 1864; disch. with company.

Wayland, John E., Co. C, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861; pro. to corp.; killed at
Rappahannock Station, Nov. 9, 1863.

Welch, Leonard, Co. C, 5th Inf.; must. June 24,1861; wounded May 10, 1864;
disch. with company.

Wentworth, Samuel, Co. C, 5th Inf.; must. Juno 24,1861; disch. with company.

Welch, Alexander, Co. C, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861; disch. Jan. 18, 1862.

Witham, Joseph, Co. C, 5th Inf.; must. Sept. 15, 1862; disch. Sept. 18, 1863.

Whitcomb, Charles N., sergt., Co. K, 9th Inf.; must. Sept. 21, 1861; trans. to
Vet. Res. Corps, 1864.

Wiggins, James S., Co. K, 9th Inf.; must. Sept. 21, 1861; disch. Jan. 21, 1862.

Wormell, Hiram, Co. A, 10th Inf.; must. Oct. 4, 1861; disch. Feb, 24, 1863.

Wormell, Elias 0., Co, A, 10th Inf.; must, Oct. 4, 1861; disch. April 24, 1863.

FOREIGN ENLISTMENTS.
Banks, William F., U. 8. Army.
Bradford, William, 17th New Hampshire Infantry.

 

Cushing, Joseph, U. 8. Navy.

Cobb, Harlan P., U. 8. Sappers and Miners.
Dennett, Winfield 8., U. 8. Sappers and Miners.
Dolby, Hiram, U. 8. Army.

Fenderson, Frederick F., U. 8. Navy.

Fernald, Cassius M., U. S. Engineers.

Floyd, Frederick, 40th New York Infantry.
Fletcher, Abratha, U. 8. Sappers and Miners.
Fenderson, George A., U. 8. Navy.

Hodsdon, William L., U.S. Navy.

Hearne, George S., 47th Massachusetts Infantry.
Johnson, Nathaniel, U. 8. Navy.

Johnson, Watts P., U. 8. Army.

Jordan, Warren R., U.S. Army.

King, John, U. 8. Navy.

Knight, Henry, U. 8. Navy.

Kimball, Abram, U. 8. Engineers.

Ladd, Augustus, U. 8. Engineers.

Leavitt, John 8., U. 8. Engineers.

Lombard, Jesse, U. 8. Army.

Lewis, Charles M., U.S Navy.

Libby, William H., 16th Massachusetts Infantry.
Milliken, Daniel S., U.S. Navy. :

Motley, John B., 46th Massachusetts Infantry.
Moses, Charles L., U. 8. Navy.

Mabrey, Orren, 16th Massachusetts Infantry.
Merrill, Asa F., U. S. Navy.

Nitcher, William W., 6th New York Cavalry.
Prime, Mark, quartermaster, U. 8. Army.
Paul, Silas, U. S. Engineers.

Shackford, Granville, U. 8. Army.

Sennott, James M., U.S. Army.

Stearnes, Franklin L., U. S. Army.

Stearnes, Frederick A., U.S. Army.

Towle, Charles F., 42d Massachusetts Infantry.
Ward, Charles, U.S. Navy.

SANFORD.

Allen, William ths, corp., Co. E, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with
company, July 17, 1863.

Allen, Jedediah, Co. E, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company,
July 17, 1863.

Bennett, Edward, Co. F, 31st Inf.; must. April 5, 1864; disch. with company,
July 15, 1865.

Brackett, George W., Co. F, 8th Inf.; must. Sept. 7, 1861.

Brackett, John, Co. F, 8th Inf.: must. Oct. 5, 1861.

Bancroft, Norris E., Co. F, 8th Inf.; must. Sept. 7, 1861.

Butler, James W., Co. F, 8th Inf.; must. Sept. 7, 1861; disch. 1861.

Butler, Luther H., Co. —, 1st Cav.; must. 1861.

Banfield, Philip, Co. E, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Butler, Willis H., Co. B, 9th Inf.; must. as Ist lieut. from Co. K, Sept. 20, 1864.

Bartlett, Joseph W., Co. A, 3lst Inf.; must. March 3, 1864; pro. tu sergt.; disch.
with company, July 15, 1865.

Coffin, Simeon, Co. F, 8th Inf.; must. Sept. 7, 1861.

Carter, John §., Co. F, 8th Inf.; must. Sept. '7, 1861; disch. 1861.

Colby, Seth H., Co. —, 8th Inf.; must. Aug. 25, 1862.

Chapman, Wm., Co. E, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Currier, Geo. E, Co, E, 27th Inf.; must. Oct. 15, 1862; disch. with company.

Clark, George, Jr., Co. F, 31st Inf.; must. April 5, 1864; disch. 1864.

Day, Benjamin N., Co. E, 27th Inf.; must, Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Edwards, Geo. N., Co, E, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Frost, Thomas W., Co. F, &th Inf.; must. Sept. 7, 1861.

Goodwin, John B., Co. F, 8th Inf.; must. Sept. 7, 1861.

Goodwin, Elias L., Co. —, 8th Inf.; must. Sept. 2, 1862.

Giles, Jesse, corp., Co. E, 27th Inf., must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Gowen, William B., corp., Co. E, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with
company.

Gerrish, Geo. W., Co. E, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Tlill, Freeman B., Co. E, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; missing in Portland,
Oct. 10, 1862.

Hatch, Franklin N., Co. —, 5th Inf.; must. Dec. 1, 1861.

Hemingway, John, capt., Co. F, 8th Iuf.; must. Sept. 7, 1861; pro. to maj.
May 4, 1862; pro. to lieut.-col., May 8, 1863; resigned Feb. 16, 1864.

Henderson, Fred A., corp., Co. F, 8th Inf.; must. Sept. 7, 1861; pro. to sergt. ;
disch. June 18, 1864.

Hurd, Francis, Co. F, 8th Inf.; must. Sept. 7, 1861; pro. to corp., 1863; died of
wounds, June 1, 1864, :
Hurd, Henry A., Co, F, 8th Inf.; must. Sept. 7, 1861; re-enlisted ; pro. to corp,

and sergt.; missing in action, Oct. 27, 1864; died at Salisbury prison,
Jan. 1, 1864,
Hill, Reuben, Co. I, 3d Inf. ; must. Aug. 9, 1862.
Hemingway, Moses, Co. F, 8th Inf.; must. Sept. 2, 1862; disch. Sept. 10, 1863.
Hussey, Chris., Co. E, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; missing Oct. 10, 1862.
Hamilton, Jonathan, Co. A, 8th Inf.; must. Sept. 2, 1862; died March 3, 1865.
Jacobs, John, Co. F, 8th Inf.; must. Sept. 7, 1861; disch. June 21, 1862.
Johnson, Ivory, corp., Co. E, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with
company.
WAR OF THE

Jacobs, Charles, Co. E, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.
Jellison, John W., Co. E, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.
Johnson, Edw, P., Co, E, 27th Inf.; must Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.
Johnson, John T., Co, E, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 80, 1862; died Dec. 26, 1862.
Jones, Ezra E, L., Co, L, 1st Cav.; must. Dec. 18, 1863; disch. with company,
Aug. 1, 1865.
Jones, Rufus L., Co. L, 1st Cav.; must. Dec. 18, 1863; died 1864.
Littlefield, Alonzo, Co. F, 8th Inf.; must. Sept. 7, 1861; died at Hilton Head,
July 6, 1863,
Littlefield, Elias, Co. K, 14th Inf.; must. Dec. 17, 1861; died at Carrollton, La.,
Oct. 31, 1862.
Littlefield, Reuben 0., Co. E, 27th Inf.; must. Oct. 15, 1862; disch. with com-
pany.
Lord, Jolin, Co. E, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.
Murray, Edmund G., corp., Co. F, 8th Inf.; must. Sept. 7, 1861; reduced to
ranks, 1862; re-enl. Feb. 29, 1864; pro. to 1st sergt., to 1st lieut., Oct. 31,
1864 ; disch. with company, Jan. 18, 1866,
Merrick, Stephen W., Co. —, Ist Cav.; must. 1861.
Miller, William H., 1st lieut., Co. E, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; resigned
Dec. 16, 1862.
Newell, Ira A., Co. E, 29th Inf.; must. Nov. 13, 1863; disch. 1866,
Perkins, James G., Co. E, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.
Phillips, Trafton, Co, E, 27th Inf.; must, Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.
Ryan, Peter, Co. F, 1st Vet. Cav.; must. July 10, 1865.
Reed, William J., corp., Co. F, 8th Inf.; must. Sept. 7, 1861; pro. to sergt.;
killed near Petersburg, Va., 1864.
Ricker, Ebenezer, Co. F, 8th Inf.; must. Sept. 7, 1861; wounded June 18, 1864;
dicd on the field of battle.
Ricker, Benjamin, corp., Co. F, 8th Inf.; must, Sept. 7, 1861; pro. tocolor corp.
1863; re-enl. 1864; disch. Jan. 2, 1865.
Rankin, William P., Co. F, 8th Inf.; must. Aug. 25, 1862; missing in battle,
May 16, 1864.
Ricker, Eli R., Co. K, 14th Inf.; must. Dec. 30, 1861; disch. May, 1862.
Ridley, Joseph, Co. E, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.
Sylvester, Seth M., Co. E, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; accidentally shot and
killed, May 28, 1863.
Seavey, Thomas, Co. F, 8th Inf.; must. Sept. 7, 1861; disch. September, 1864.
Seavey, Samuel, Co. K, 14th Inf.; must. Dec. 28, 1861; died Dec. 14, 1862.
Smith, Charles, Co, H, 15th Inf.; must. March 23, 1865.
Thompson, Warren, Co. A, 8th Inf.; must. Sept. 2, 1862;
12, 1865.
Thompson, George W., sergt., Co. E, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with
company.
Thompson, Adrial, Jr., Co. B, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with com-
pany.
Whitenact, George W., Co. G, Ist Cav.; must. Dec. 20,1864; disch. June 5, °65.
Willard, William F., musician, Co. F, 8th Inf.; must. Sept. 7, 1861; pro. to
chief musician of the regt., July 1, 1863; killed befure Petersburg, July
31, 1864,
Wentworth, William W., Co. F, 8th Inf.; must. Sept. 7, 1861; re-enl. Feb. 29,
1864; disch. Aug. 28, 1865.
Welch, Stephen F., Co. A, 8th Inf.; must. Sept. 2, 1862;
1864; disch. June 27, 1865.
Wentworth, Andrew J., Co. A, 8th Inf. ; must. Sept. 2, 1862.
Welch, Stephen E, Co. K, 10th Inf.; must. July 18, 1862; transferred, 1862.
Witham, Phineas C., Co. K, 10th Inf.; must. Aug. 26, 1862; trausferred, 1862.
Wilkinson. Charles, Co. K, 14th Inf.; must. Dec. 30, 1861; re-enl. Jan. 1, 1864.
Wilkinson, Stephen, Co. E,27th Inuf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862 ; disch. with company.

recruit; disch, June

wounded June 18,

FOREIGN ENLISTMENTS.
Bedell, Ivory, 7th New Hampshire Infantry.
Cram, Edwin J., U.S. Navy.
Carrol), John W., 13th Massachusetts Infantry.
Day, Leonard, Massachusetts Volunteers,
Day, Orrin, Massachusetts Volunteers.
Day, Samuel, Massachusetts Volunteers.
Dow, Charles H., 2d Massachusetts Infantry.
English, Henry, Massachusetts Volunteers,
Farnham, Stephen, New Hampshire Volunteers.
Goodwin, David 8., U.S. Navy.
Getchell, Elwin I., Massachusetts Volunteers.
Goodwin, Elisha J., New Jampshire Volunteers.
Goodwin, John H., New Hampshire Voluntcers.
Hill, Joseph, Massachuset's Vulunteers.
Hobbs, John H., New Hampshire Volunteers,
Hodgman, James M., 13th New Hampshire Infantry.
Johnson, Samuel F., New Hampshire Volunteers.
Jones, Orrin E., New Hampshire Vulunteers.
Jones, Rufus, New Hampshire Volunteers.
Jellison, Joseph R., 2d Massachusetts Infantry.
Jellison, Norris F., Ohio Battery.
Lord, Albion A., 13th New Hampshire Infantry.
Lord, Hiram, Massachusetts Volunteers.
Lord, Stephen, 7th Massachusetts Infantry.
Miller, Willian G., U.S. Navy.
Mott, Perkins F., 2d New Hampshire Volunteers.

 

Murray, Simon, 14th Massachusetts Infantry.

19

REBELLION. 145

Otis, Charles H, C., 13th New Hampshire Infantry.
Paul, Levi H., Massachusetts Volunteers.

Page, Sinith C., 13th New Hampshire Infantry.
Pierce, Ivory M., Massachusetts Volunteers.
Spencer, John, Massachusetts Volunteers.

Seavey, Thomas B., 4th New Hampshire Volunteers.
Thompson, George, Massachusetts Volunteers.
Wakefield, George, Massachusetts Volunteers.
Whitten, James G., Massachusetts Volunteers.
Wentworth, Thomas, 13th New Hampshire Infantry.
Willard, Henry C., 10th New Hampshire Infantry,

SHAPLEIGH.

Abbott, Charles E., Co. K, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company,
July 17, 1863.

Allen, George A., corp., Co. F, 17th Inf.; died from wounds in battle of Wilder-
ness, July 26, 1863.

Berry, James M., Co. K, 20th Inf.; must. Jan. 22, 1865; trans. from 16th Maine
Inf.; pro. to sergeant.

Chick, Frank M., Co. M, 2d Cav.; must. Oct. 6, 1864; discl. Oct. 10, 1865.

Chick, Stephen, Co. K, 14th Inf.; must. Dec. 17, 1861; disch. Dec. 25, 1862.

Coffin, Charles W., wagoner, Co. I, lst Cav.; must. Oct. 31, 1861; pro. to corp.;
taken prisoner June 9, 1863; pro. to sergt.; disch. Nov. 25, 1864,
Cook, Charles R., sergt., Co. K, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with
company. .
Challies, Oscar D., Co. K, 27th Inf. ; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.
Coffin, Onsville C., Co. K, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.
Davis, Daniel W., Co. I, Ist Cav.; must. Dec, 28, 1863; disch. with company,
1865.

Ferguson, George A., Co. K, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30,1861; disch. with com-
pany.

Garvin, Simon, Co. I, 1st Cav.; must. Oct. 30, 1861; pro. to corp.; re-enlisted ;
trans. to Invalid Corps, 1865.

Garvin, Paul W., corp., Co. K, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with com-
pany, July 17, 1563.

Goodwin, Eben M., Co. K, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company,
July 17, 1863.

Garvin, Charles 0., Co. M, 2d Cav.; must. Oct. 6, 1864; disch. Oct. 10, 1863.

Ham, James H., Ist H. Art.; taken prisoner at Stanton’s Gap; died in Libby
prison, Richmond, Sept. 12, 1864,

Huntress, George A., corp., Co. C, 19th Inf.; died at Washington, D.C., July
26, 1863.

Ham, George, sergt., Co. K,14th Inf.; must. Dec. 17, 1861 ; disch. June 25, 1862.

Ham, Benjamin F., Co. I, lst Cav.; must. Oct. 30, 1861; trans. to Vet. Res,
Corps, 1864.

Hill, True W., Co. F, 8th Inf.; must. Aug. 26, 1862 ; died at Hilton Head, Aug.
6, 1863.

Huntress, Emulus §., Co. F, 8th Inf.; must. —— 25, 1862; died at Tilton Iead,
June 26, 1863.

Hall, Ivory A.,corp., Co. K,27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; pro. to sergt.; disch.
with company.

Ham, Nurris §., Co. K, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Ham, George C., Co. K, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 18€2; disch. with company.

Hooper, Timothy S., Co. I, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company,

Horn, Reuben, Co. K, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Hartford, Charles, 7th Co., Co. D, unassigned Inf.; must. April 5, 1865.

Hall, Ivory A., Co. M, 2d Cav.; must, Oct. 7, 1864; disch. Oct. 10, 1865.

Joy, William, Co. K, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; missing Oct. 10, 1862.

Leavitt, John H., Co. K, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. Jan. 7, 1863.

Leavitt, James M., Co. L, 2d Art.; died at Barrancas, Fla., Nov. 7, 1864.

McJellison, John, 2d lieut., Co. K, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; honorably
disch., Jan. 28, 1863.

Murphy, John, recruit, 9th Inf.; must. April 11, 1865.

Pillsbury, Willard F., Co. K, 19th Inf.; died at Beaufort, June 15, 1865.

Pillsbury, Wm. II. IL., Co. 1,17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; disch. Dec. 26, 1863.

Patch, Benjamin G., Co. K, 14th Inf.; must. Dec. 17, 1861; missing at battle of
Baton Rouge. :

Perkins, Charles H., Co. K, 14th Inf.; must. Dec. 17, 1861; disch, at Augusta,
1862.

Pray, Winfield Scott, corp., Co. K, 14th Inf.; must. Dec. 13, 1861; died Aug. 9,
1862, from wounds received at Baton Rouge.

Pray, Frank W., 2d lient., Co. I, 1st Cav. ; must. Oct. 31, 1861; pro. to Ist lieut.,
Dec. 2, 1862; disch. Nov. 25, 1864.

Pillsbury, Henry M., Co. I, 1st Cav. ; must. Oct. 31, 1861; disch. Nov. 22, 1862.

Perkins, Daniel, Co. F, 8th Inf.; must. Aug. 19, 1862; died of wounds, June 16,
1864.

Patch, John, Jr., Co. K, 27th Inf. ; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Pillsbury, Woodman, Co. K, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with com-
pany.

Pillsbury, Charles W.; must. Aug. 19, 1862; missing at Fair Oaks, Va., Oct.
27, 1864.

Pillsbury, Henry M., Co. M, 2d Cay.; must. Oct. 6, 1864; disch. June 13, 1865.

Patch, John, Jr., Co. M, 2d Cav.; must. Oct. 12, 1864; died July 9, 1865.

Ross, Ivory, Co. K, 1st Cav.; died at Philadelphia, Pa., Sept. 11, 1864.

Smith, Libby H., Co. K, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Shackley, Lewis, Co. F, 8th Inf.; must. Sept. 7, 1861; re-enl. Feb. 29, 1864; disch.
1866.
146 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

Stiles, John P., Co. I, Ist Cav.; must. Oct. 31, 1861; taken prisoner May 2,
1863; re-enl. Jan, 1, 1864; disch. June 20, 1863,

Sayward, Charles W., Co. F, 8th Cav.; must, Aug. 26, 1862; detached 1863-64.

Smith, William A., Bat. K, lst H. Art.; died at Washington, D. C., April 12,
1865.

Trafton, George H., Jr., corp., Co. I, 1st Cav.; must. Oct. 31, 1861; disch. Dec. 2,
1862,

Trafton, John C., Co. I, 1st Cav.; must. Oct. 31, 1861; disch. March, 1863.

Thompson, George F., Co. K, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1861; disch. with com-

y pany.

Thompson, William S., Co. K, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1861; disch. with com-
pany.

Trafton, Samuel H., Co. K, 14th Inf.; must. Dec. 30, 1861; died Nov. 17, 1862.

Thompson, George I., Co. M, 2d Cav.; must. Oct. 6, 1864; disch. Oct. 10, 1865.

Welch, Hezekiah, 8th Inf.

Wentworth, Enoch J., Co. K, 27th Inf.; must, Sept. 30, 1862; disch, with com-
pany.

FOREIGN ENLISTMENTS.

Abbott, James, 2d Massachusetts Infantry.

Allen, A. G., Massachusetts Volunteers.

Allen, Charles, Massachusetts Volunteers.

Coffin, Henry M., 26th Massachusetts Infantry.

Cook, Benjamin F., 2d Massachusetts Infantry.

Hatch, Loring P., Massachusetts Voluuteers.

Huntress, Nathaniel J.

Ham, Edwin J., 2d Massachusetts Infantry.

Ham, James H., 14th Massachnsetts Infantry.

Ham, Martin L., 2d Massachusetts Infantry.

Jellison, John W., 2d Massachusetts Infantry.

Murray, George, 14th Massachusetts Infantry.

Murray, Simon, 14th Massachusetts Infantry.

Patch, Loring P., Co. B, 50th Massachusetts Infantry; died at Baton Rouge,
La., June 3, 1863.

Ricker, George, Massachusetts Volunteers.

Ross, George L., 35th Massachusetts Infantry.

Ross, Joseph, 35th Massachusetts Infantry.

Shackley, William, 13th Massachusetts Infantry.

Thompson, Charles, 23d Massachusetts Infantry.

Thompson, Ezra W., 40th New York Infantry.

Thompson, Ivory W., 23d Massachusetts Infantry.

Webber, Mendall S., 5th Massachusetts Infantry.

Wentworth, Calvin W., New Hampshire Volunteers,

SOUTH BERWICK.

Abbott, Bowen G., Co. B, 12th Inf.; must. Nov. 20, 1861; detached to Signal
Corps, 1863.
Bedell, James A., corp., Co. B, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; died Dec. 20,
1862.
Adams, John W., musician, Co. B, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with
company.
Abbott, George H., Co. B, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.
Buckley, James, Co. C, 2d Cav.; must. Sept. 29, 1864.
Boston, Isaiah, Co. I, 30th Inf.; must. Aug. 29, 1864; disch. June 9, 1865.
Boucher, George, Co. A, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; pro. to corp.; wounded;
trans. to Vet. Res. Corps, 1864.
Bennett, Augustus, Co. B, 27th Inf. ; must. Sept. 80, 1862 ; disch. with company.
Boston, Elijah F., Co. B, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862 ; disch. with company.
Brown, John, Co. B, 27th Ivf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.
Chadbourne, Thomas, Co. B, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with com-
pany.
Carpenter, Whitney R., Co. B, 27th Inf. ; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with com-
pany.
Carpenter, William H., Co. B, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch, with com-
pany.
Carpenter, Richard, Co. C, 14th Inf.; must. March 10, 1865.
Crook, Ransom B., Co. B, 12th Inf.; must, Nov. 20, 1861; disch. with company.
Coffin, George E., Co. B, 12th Inf.; must. Nov, 16, 1861; disch. with company.
Clary, William, Co. B, 12th Inf.; must. Nov. 16, 1861; prisoner at New Orleans,
1862 ; exchanged 1863; re-eul. Jan, 1, 1864; killed Sept. 19, 1864.
Chick, William H., Co. A, 17th Iuf.; must, Aug, 18, 1862; wounded May 5,
1864; trans. to Vet. Res, Corps.
Chase, Joseph F., sergt., Co. B, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; pro. to 2d lieut.,
March 1, 1863; disch. with company.
Chaney, Andrew, Co. B, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862 ; disch. with company.
Chaney, Charles H., Co. B, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.
Cooper, Benjamin F., Co. B, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with com-
pany. ‘
Doe, John F., sergt., Co. F, 7th Inf.; must. Aug. 21, 1861; trans, to Co. D, 1862;
trans, to Co, B, 1863.
Doe, Benjamin, Co. K, 17th Inf. ; joined as 2d lieut.; must. Jan. 12, 1864; killed
May 6, 1864.
Doe, Benjamin, corp , Co. A, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; pro. to corp.; pro.
to 2d lieut., Co. K, 1864; disch. with company, June 4, 1865.
Dillingham, John L., corp., Co. B, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with
company.

 

Doe, Joseph, corp., Co. B, 27th Inf. ; must. Sept. 30, 1862; pro. to sergt.; disch.
with company. Zs

Davis, Benjamin F., wagoner, Co. B, 27th Inf. ; must. Sept. 30, 1862; died Dec.
24, 1862.

Dennett, Reuben, Co. B, 27th Inf. ; must. Sept. 30, 1862 ; disch. with company.

Durgin, George W., Co. 13, 27th Inf. ; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Emery, George W., Co. A, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; disch. Dec. 6, 1862.

Earl, John, Co. A, 17th Inf. ; must. Aug. 18, 1862 ; wounded May 5, 1864; disch,
Jan. 10, 1865.

Emery, Franklin, Co. B, 27th Inf. ; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Foote, John B., corp., Co. F, 7th Inf.; must. Aug. 21, 1861; trans. to Co. D, 1863,

Fall, Isaac P., capt., Co. B, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 80, 1862; disch. with com-
pany, July 17, 1863; joined Co. F, 3ist Inf., as capt., May 4, 1864.

Goodwin, Flavel H,, Co. F, 7th Inf.; must. Aug. 21, 1861.

Goodwin, Robert, Co. B, 12th Inf.; must. Nov. 16, 1861; disch. Aug. 26, 1862.

Goodwin, George W., Co. B, 12th Inf. ; must. Nov. 16, 1861 ; disch, Aug, 26, 1862.

Grant, John P., Co. K, 1st Cav.; must. Aug. 15, 1862; appointed saddler, 1863 ;
disch. Jan. 28, 1865.

Gray, John, sergt., Co. B, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 20, 1862; disch. with company.

Goodwin, Charles A., Co, B, 27th Inf. ; must. Sept. 30, 1862; pro. to corp.; disch.
with company.

Goodwin, James W., Co. B, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; pro. to wagoner;
disch, with company.

Goodwin, Ivory L., Co. B, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862 ; disch. with company.

Hogan, Edward, Co, B, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Hooper, William H., Co. B, 27th Inf. ; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Higley, Albert A., Co. F, 8th Inf.; must. Sept. 7, 1861; disch. Dec. 15, 1861.

Hatch, Edwin, Co. A, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; disch. Dec. 24, 1863.

Hubbard, Aaron, Co. B, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; pro. to corp., 1863 ;
wounded May 5, 1864; pro. to sergt.; disch. June 6, 1865.

Harvey, Henry G., lst sergt., Co. B, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with
company.

Hanson, Lorenzo &., corp., Co. B, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with
company.

Hanscom, Lyman M., Co. B, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with com-
pany.

Harmon, Nelson, Co. B, 27th Inf,; must. Sept, 30, 1862; pro. to corp.; disch.
with company.

Harvey, Charles A., Co. B, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862 ; disch. with company.

Harvey, John W., Co. B, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Hasty, Granville, Co. B, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Hatch, James N., Co. B, 27th Inf.; must, Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Higley, Albert A., Co. B, 27th Inf. ; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Higley, Eben N., Co. B, 27th Inf. ; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Joy, George S., Co. F, 8th Inf.; must. Sept. 7, 1861; re-enl. Feb. 29, 1864; missing
in action, May 16, 1864.

Jay, Greenville W., Co. A, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; wounded June 18;
died Aug. 18, 1864.

Jenkins, Charles W., sergt., Co. B, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with
company.

Jellison, Joshua C., Co, B, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch, with company.

Jellison, William H., Co. B, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with com-
pany.

Jackson, Reuel, Co. B, 8th Inf.; must. Feb. 7, 1865.

Kerr, William, Co. B, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company; re-
enl. March 3, 1864. .
Keyes, William W., Co. B, 27th Inf.; mnst. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Luke, Addis E., Co. B, 12th Inf.; must. Nov. 16, 1861; disch. Aug. 16, 1862.

Luke, George W., Co. B, 12th Inf.; must. Nov. 16, 1861; disch. with company,

Luke, Andrew I., drummer, Co. B, 12th Inf. ; must. Dec. 11, 1861; re-enl. 1864 ;
trans. to 12th Maine Veterans.

Littlefield, Jedediah, sergt., Co, B, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with
company.

Littlefield, James H., Co. B, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with com-
pany.

McIntire, George A., Co. B, 17th Inf.; must. Aug, 18, 1862; disch. with com-
pany, June 4, 1865.

Martin, Frank W., musician, Co. B, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with
company, June 4, 1865,

Mason, Albert D., Co, B, 27th Inf.; must, Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company,
June 4, 1865.

McLaughlin, Dennis, Co. B, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 36, 1862; disch. with com-
pany, June 4, 1865,

Mills, Elihu J., Co. B, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company,
June 4, 1865.

Mathes, Robert H., Co. A, 17th Inf.; must. Jan. 12, 1864; joined as 2d lieut.;
pro, to Ist lieut.; disch. 1865,

Nealley, Chas. E., Co. B, 12th Inf.; must, Nov. 20, 1861; trans. to Signal Corps;
missing in 1863.

Nason, Daniel C., Co. A, 17th Inf. ; must, Aug. 18, 1862; wounded May 16, 1863 ;
disch. June 7, 1865.

Nason, Elwell, Co, B, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Nason, Luther, Co. B, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Nason, Robert, Co. B, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Nicholson, Edward P., Co. B, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with com-
pany.

Norman, Charles S., Co, B, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.
WAR OF THE REBELLION. 147

 

Pray, William F., Co. B, 12th Inf. ; must. Nov. 16, 1861; trans. to Signal Corps,
Jan. 1, 1865.

Pray, Ivory, Co, A, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; trans. to Vet. Res. Corps,
1864, :

Pierce, George, Co. A, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; drowned Dec. 26, 1862.

Pierco, Sylvester, Co. B, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Pierce, John F., Co. I, 8th Inf,; must. Feb. 7, 1865; pro. to corp.; missing in
August.

Reynolds, Jonas, Co. A, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; wounded Sept. 16, 1864;
disch. with company.

Ricker, Timothy F., Co, B, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with com-
pany.

Rowell, Alexander, Co, B, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862 ; disch. with company.

Stevens, Chas. G. A., Co. G, 30th Inf.; must, Aug. 17, 1864; disch. June 1, 1865.

Shorey, Henry W., Co. B, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30,1862; disch. with company.

Spencer, Joseph F., Co. B, 27th Inf. ; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Spencer, Joshua, Co. B, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Stevens, Chas, E., Co, B, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch, with company.

Thompson, Wm., Co. B, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Trickey, George W., corp., Co. B, 12th Inf.; must. Nov. 16, 1861; disch. April 4,
1862.

Tucker, George W., Co. A, 17th Inf.; must, Aug. 18, 1862; taken prisoner at
Gettysburg.

Tucker, John E., Co. A, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; wounded May 3, 1863;
disch. Aug, 16, 1864.

Tucker, Charles, corp., Co. B, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with com-
pany.

Tucker, Daniel H., corp., Co. B, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with com-
pany.

Walker, Oliver, Co. A,17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; detached to Ambulance
Corps, 1862; disch. March 20, 1864.

Wilkinson, Frederick, Co. A, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; pro. to corp.;
disch. with company.

Walker, Albert R., Co. K, Ist Cav.; must. Aug. 15, 1862; pro. to corp., 1863; to
sergt , 1864; taken prisoner; died in prison, Aug. 29, 1864.

Wilkinson, George, 8th Inf.; must. Aug, 20, 1862.

Whitehead, John W., Co. B, 12th Inf.; must. Nov. 16, 1861; disch. with com-

pany.

Wiggin, James E., corp., Co. B, 27th Inf. ; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with com-
pany.

Wadleigh, Charles H., Co. B, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with com-
pany.

Warren, Chadbourne, Co. B, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with com-
pany.

Warren, Nathaniel F., Co. B, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with com-
pany.

Wentworth, Albert F., Co. B, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch, with com-
pany.

Wentworth, Bradford H., Co. B, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch, with
company.

Wentworth, Samucl T., Co. B, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with com-
pany.

Welch, Wentworth, Co. B, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Whitehouse, Harrison, Co. B, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with com-
pany. ;

Wiggin, John H., Co. B, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 80, 1862; pro. to corp.; disch.
with company.

Wiggin, George A., Co. B, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Wiley, Edward, Co. B, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. Feb. 8, 1863.

Wentworth, Henry, Co. B, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Young, Lysander B., 2d lieut., Co. B, 27th Tof.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; resigned
Feb. 15, 1863.

York, Daniel P., Co. B, 12th Inf.; must. Nov. 16, 1861; wounded Sept. 19, 1864;
disch. with company.

FOREIGN ENLISTMENTS.

Abbott, Sylvester, 16th New York Infantry.
Austin, Benjamin, 13th New Hampshire Infantry.
Abbott, John, U.S. Navy.
Atkinson, Henry, U. 8S. Navy.
Bradley, Levi, 13th New Hampshire Infantry.
Bedell, James, 6th New Hampshire Volunteers.
Clay, James, U. 8. Navy.
Dearborn, Alfred P., New Hampshire Volunteers.
Dennett, Erastus, 1st Massachusetts Cavalry.
Durgin, Joseph T., New Hampshire Battery.
Fife, Alexander, U.S. Navy.
Fuller, Charles, U. 8. Navy.
Garvin, Alonzo, 29th Massachusetts Infantry.
Grant, Franklin, 13th New Hampshire Infantry.
Goodwin, Edwin A., 6th New Hampshire Volunteers.
Gregg, George A., U. 8. Navy.
in, Edwin R., U. 8. Navy.
pen eran W., M.D. volunteer surgeon in hospital at Washington, D. 0.
Hanscom, Allen W., U.S. Navy.
Hanson, George, U. 8. Navy.
Hodsdon, Samuel, U. 8. Navy.

 

Jewett, Charles C., surgeon, 15th Massachusetts Infantry.
Joy, Alonzo, 30th Massachusetts Infantry.

Joy, Charles H., New Hampshire Battery.

Jewett, Horace, lieut. in U.S. Army.

Knight, Charles E., U. 8. Army.

Lowell, Horatio, Massachusetts Volunteers.

Luke, William, Massachusetts Volunteers.

Meader, Stephen H., 4th New Hampshire Volunteers.
McDaniel, John, U.S. Navy.

Nichols, Henry, 2d Massachusetts Infantry.

Nason, Charles, U. 8. Navy.

Nason, Charles B., U.S. Navy.

Nason, Daniel G., U. 8S. Navy.

Nason, Johu F., U.S. Navy.

Nason, Oliver, Jr., U. 8, Navy.

Norman, Benjamin, U.S. Navy.

Pierce, John, 4th Massachusetts Volunteers.

Philpot, Ienry, U. 8. Navy.

Ricker, Charles A., 26th Massacbusetts Infantry.
Ricker, John, 11th Massachusetts Infantry.

Ricker, William H., 6th New Hampshire Volunteers.
Ricker, Eli 8., U. 8. Army.

Shorey, George W., 26th Massachusetts Infantry.
Smith, George W., U.S. Navy.

Warren, Henry, 9th New Hampshire Infantry.
Welch, Charles, New Hampshire Volunteers.
Wadleigh, Ebenezer R., U.S. Navy.

Yeaton, Charles G., U. S. Navy.

WATERBOROUGH.

Allen, Ivory R., corp., Co. I, 1st Cav.; must. Oct. 31, 1861; disch. Jan. 13, 1864.

Brady, John, Co. B, lst Cav.; must. Oct. 6, 1864; disch. July 21, 1865.

Buzzell, Hozea Q., Co. A, 32d Inf.; must. May 3, 1864; killed July 3, 1864.

Bradeen, William H., 10th Inf.; must. 1861.

Buzzell, Elijah §., corp., Co. K, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; trans. to hos-
pital department.

Bradeen, Alexander M., Co. K, 27th Inf. ; must. Sept. 30,1862; disch. with com-
pany, July 17, 1863.

Barnes, Benjamin, Co. K, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company,
July 17, 1863.

Brown, John, Jr., Co, K, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company,
July 17, 1863.

Chadbourne, Nathan, corp., Co. K, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with
company, July 17, 1863.

Carpenter, James S., Co. K, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with com-
pany, July 17, 1863.

Carpenter, John R., Co, K, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30,1862; disch. with com-
pany, July 17, 1863.

Chadbourne, Francis T., Co. K, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with com-
pany, July 17, 1863.

Chadbourne, James M., Co. K, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with com-
pany, July 17, 1863.

Chick, Hanson D., Co. K, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30,1862; disch. with company,
July 17, 1863.

Chadbourne, Albra, 5th Inf.; must. 1861.

Carpenter, Alonzo, Co. A, 31st Inf.; must. May 3, 1864; disch, June 6, 1865.

Chadbourne, Pavl, Co. I, lst Cav.; must. Oct. 1, 1861; pro. to capt., Dec. 2, 1862 ;
to maj., Feb. 21, 1865; disch. with regt., Aug. 1, 1865,

Cummings, William, sergt., Co. I, 1st Cav.; must. Oct. 31, 1861; died May 10,
1863.

Chadbourne, Collins M., corp., Co. I, 1st Cav.; must. Oct. 31,1861; pro. to sergt.
and Ist sergt., 1863; re-enl. Jan. 1, 1864; wounded May 11; taken pris-
oner; exchanged; died Aug. 22, 1864.

Colby, Joseph E., Co. I, 1st Cav.; must. Oct. 30,1861; taken prisoner, May 2,
1863; exchanged; disch. Nov. 25, 1864.

Cole, Albert M., Co. I, 1st Cav.; must. Oct. 30, 1861; disch. June 16, 1864.

Colby, Lewis M., Co. I, Ist Cav. ; must, Aug. 21, 1862; disch. June 20, 1865.

Cutting, George D., Co. I’, 1st Cav. ; must. Aug. 30, 1862; disch. 1865.

Cluff, William HL, Co. F, 3ist Inf.; must. April 5, 1864; disch. with company,
July 15, 1865.

Dudley, James B., corp., 14th Inf.; must. 1861.

Davis, Samuel, corp., Co. I, 1st Cav.; must. Oct. 31, 1861; pro. to sergt.; disch.
Nov. 24, 1862.

Durgin, Edwin G., Co. I, 1st Cav.; must. Sept. 6, 1862; disch, Jan. 8, 1863.

Day, Theodore, Co. K, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 20, 1862; disch. Noy. 29, 1862.

Dearborn, Charles, Co. K, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30,1862; disch. with company.

Durgin, Benjamin F., Co. A, 31st Inf.; must. May 3, 1864; trans. to 3lst Maine
Vets., 1865.

Dudley, Joseph, Co. F, 31st Inf.; must. April 5, 1864; disch. with company.

Dudley, Benjamin, Co. F, 31st Inf.; must. April 5, 1864; disch. June 4, 1865.

Day, Charles H., Co. A, 32d Inf.; must. March 3, 1864; leg off; disch. Aug. 26,
1864.

Fowler, Samuel H., Co. I, Ist Cav.; must. March 1, 1862; disch. Feb. 6, 1865.

Fitzgerald, John, Co. F, Ist Cav.; must. Aug. 31, 1862; trans, to Invalid Corps,
1864,

Flood, Ebenezer, Co. K, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.
148 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

Fowler, Edward S., Co, K, 27th Inf.; must. Oct. 15, 1862; disch. with company.
Gilpatrick, Williain, Co. K, 27th Inf.; must, Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.
Herbert, Charles, 5th Bat. M. Art.; must. Oct. 7, 1864.
Hall, George D., Co. I, 1st Cav.; must. Sept. 2, 1862; disch. Dec, 31, 1862,
Tlall, William H., Co. I, 1st Cav.; must. Sept. 12, 1862; disch. May 28, 1865.
Hill, Jeremiah, Co. I, 1st Cav.; must. Sept. 2, 1862; disch. June 3, 1865.
Hamilton, Ivory W., Co. F, 1st Cav.; must. Aug. 30, 1862; taken prisoner
March 1, 1864; exchanged ; trans. to Vet. Res. Corps.
Hamilton, Dimon, Co. F, 1st Cav.; must. Aug. 30, 1862; taken prisoner March
1,1864; exchanged; pro. to corp.; disch. 1865,
Hayes, Charles, Co. F, 30th Inf.; must. Jan. 9, 1864; appointed musician.
Henderson, Charles, Co. A, 31st Inf.; must. March 3, 1864; disch. with company.
Hobbs, Joseph H., Co. K, 31st Inf.; must. May 6, 1864; trans. to Vet. Res. Corps
Feb. 22, 1865.
Hamilton, Noah, Co. K, 31st Inf.; must. May 6, 1864; disch. April 18, 1865.
Hamilton, Alonzo, Co, K, 31st Inf.; must. May 6, 1864; disch. 1865.
Hill, Jolin A., Co, A, 32d Inf.; must. March 3, 1864; trans, to 31st Inf., 1865.
Johnson, William H., capt., Co. K, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; honorably
disch., Jan, 28, 1863.
Knight, Simeon M., Co. I, Ist Cay.; must. Oct. 31, 1861; disch. Nov. 25, 1864.
Knights, Porter, Co. K, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.
Lewis, John B., 14th Inf.; must. 1861.
Merrifield, Jacob C., Co. I, 1st Cav.; must. Oct. 31, 1861; disch. Nov. 25, 1864,
McKenney, Benjamin R., Co. K, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with
company. *
Noonan, Jolin, 11th Inf.; must. 1861.
Pitts, Isaac S., Co. F, 1st Cav.; must. Ang. 30, 1862; disch. May 28, 1865.
Pitts, George, Co. K, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.
Rice, Jumes A., Co. I, lst Cuv.; must. Oct. 31, 1861; died of wounds, Oct. 27,
1864.
Robins, Calvin, Co. I, 1st Cav.; must. Sept. 1, 1862; killed May 2, 1863.
Ricker, Franklin S., Co. I, Ist Cav.; must. March 6, 1862; disch. Nov. 22, 1862.
Ricker, Phindeus H., Co. K, 27th Inf.; must, Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with com-
pany.
Roberts, Watson H., Co. A, 31st Inf.; must. March 3, 1864; disch. with company.
Ricker, Benjamin J., corp., Co. A, 32d Inf.; must. March 3, 1864; died of wounds,
July 11, 1864.
Sanborn, Otis F., Co. I, Ist Cav.; must. Oct. 31, 1861; died Feb. 12, 1862.
Sanford, Augustus, Co. I, Ist Cav.; must. Oct. 31, 1861; disch. April 22, 1862.
Strout, Sumuel, Jr., Co. I, 1st Cav.; must. Oct. 31, 1861; disch. April 3, 1863.
Smith, George L., sergt., Co. K, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; pro. to 1st sergt.;
disch. with company.
Sanborn, Charles P., Co. K, 27th Inf.; must, Sept. 30, 1862; pro. to corp.; disch.
with company.
Smith, Asa, Co. K, 27th Inf.; must, Sept. 30, 1862; disch, with company.
Smith, Rice, Co, K, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.
Spencer, Joseph C., Cu. F, Ist Cav. ; must. Oct. 24, 1864; disch. 1865.
Thompson, Nahum N., 5th Inf.; must. 1861.
Taylor, Oliver G., Co. K, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.
Taylor, Caleb, Co. K, 27th Inf. ; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company,
Talton, Ham N,, Co. K, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 80, 1862; disch. with company.
Whittier, Charles W., Co. A, 32d Inf.; must. March 3, 1864; trans. December,
1864, to 31st Infantry.
Wakefield, Royal B., Co. A, 31st Inf.; must, March 3, 1864.
Wells, Marcellus, 14th Inf.; must. 1861.
Warren, Freedom, Co. I, Ist Cav.; must. Sept. 2, 1862; prisoner; excbanged
1864; discharged; died March 16, 1864.
Webber, Leonard, Ist Cav.; must. Oct. 1861; disch. with company.
Young, Willitm H., Co. F, lst Cav,; must. July 13, 1862; trans. to Vet. Res.
Corps, 1863.
FOREIGN ENLISTMENTS.
Allen, Elisha, Massachusetts Volunteers.
Allen, John W., Massachusetts Volunteers,
Brown, Francis, New Hampshire Volunteers.
Brown, Gilman, 16th New Hampshire Infautry.
Cook, William A., 1st Massachusetts Volunteers,
Dudley, William, U. 8. Navy.
Day, Calvin, Jr., Massachusetts Volunteers.
Eames, Moses J.,32d Massachusetts Infantry.
Giles, Horatio B., Rhode Island Volunteers,
Hooper, Nathan C., 22d Massachusetts Infantry.
Hobbs, Joseph, Nimm’s Massachusetts Battery.
Kimball, James, U.S. Navy.
Lord, Isaac, Massachusetts Volunteers,
Lord, Jolin, Massachusetts Volunteers.
Ricker, Asa L., 32d Massachusetts Infantry.
Reed, John, 22d Massachusetts Infantry.
Roberts, John S., 22d Massachusetts Infantry.
Ricker, Albion K., 85th New York Infantry.
Woodsum, William, Massachusetts Volunteers.
Woodward, William J., Massachusetts Volunteers.

WELLS.
Allen, Walter, Co. I, Ist Cav.; must. Oct.31, 1861; re-enl. Jan. 1, 1864; wounded
Oct. 27; disch. June 1, 1865.
Anderson, Amos §&., corp., Co. E, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with
company, July 17, 1863.

 

Allen, William A., corp., Co. E, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with
company, July 17, 1863.

Anderson, William R., Co, E, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with com-
pany, July 17, 1863.

Auld, William M., Co. E, 27th Inf,; must. Oct. 15,1862; pro. to corp.; disch.
with company.

Bragdon, John, Co. F, 8th Inf.; must. Aug. 25, 1862; disch. June 7, 1865.

Bragdon, Moses H., Co, F, 8th Inf.; must. Sept. 11, 1862; wounded May 16,
1864; disch. Jan. 9, 1865.

Butland, Francis, lst sergt., Co. F, 27th Inf.; must. Sept 30, 1862; disch. with
company.

Butler, Willis H., sergt., Co. E, 27th Inf. ; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with com-
pany. 7

Brooks, Nathaniel, corp., Co. E, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with
company.

Bragdon, James A., Co. E, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Bridges, Joseph, Co. E, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Bennett, Jacob E., Co. K, 30th Inf. ; must. Feb. 28, 1865.

Case, Cyrus C., Co. F, 8th Inf.; must. Feb. 8, 1862; re-enl. Feb. 9, 1864; pro, to
sergt.-maj., Jan. 1, 1864; trans. to Vet. Res. Corps.

Chadbourne, Joseph E., 2d lieut., Co. E, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; pro. to
1st lieut ; disch. with company.

Chaney, Joseph, Co. E, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Clarrage, Samuel C., Co. EB, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Donnell, Fred. A., Co. E, 8th Inf.; must. Aug. 19, 1862; died in prison, Aug. 23,
1864,

Eaton, Albert, Jr., Co. I, Ist Cav.; must. Oct, 31, 1861; re-enl. Jan. 1, 1864.

Eaton, James D., Co. I, 1st Cav.; must, Oct. 31, 1861; disch. Nov. 25, 1864.

Eaton, Joseph D., Co. I, lst Cav.; must. Oct. 31, 1861; taken prisoner, May 2,
1863; exchanged; disch. Nov. 25, 1864.

Eaton, Walter, Co. E, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 20, 1861; disch. with company.

Furbish, Herman &., Co. F, 8th Inf.; must. Aug. 20, 1862; died at Hilton Head,
July 14, 1863.

Getchell, John M., capt., Co. E, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with
company, July 17, 1863.

Getchell, Emlus J., sergt., Co. E, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with
company, July 17, 1863.

Getchell, Marcus M., Co. E, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with com-
pany, July 17, 1863.

Getchell, Samuel M., Co. E, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with com-
pany, July 17, 1863.

Getchell, Albert F., Co. E, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company,
July 17, 1863.

Goodale, Andrew J., Co. I, 1st Cav.; must. Oct. 31, 1861; disch. 1864; sick.

Goodwin, John C., Co. I, Ist Cav.; must. Oct. 31, 1861.

Goodwin, Charles C., Co. I, Ist Cav.; must. Oct. 31, 1861; pro. to corp. and sergt.;
disch. Noy. 24, 1864.

Gore, Charles IT., Co, I, Ist Cav.; must. Oct. 31, 1861.

Gardner, Albert H., 7th Inf.; must. 1861.

Greene, Thomas, 7th Inf.; must. 1861.

Getchell, Joseph S., Co. F, 8th Inf.; must, Sept. 7, 1861; disch. Sept. 16, 1863.

Greene, Wilson J., Co. K, 14th Inf.; must. Dec. 21, 1861; missing Feb. 4, 1862.

Greene, Joseph H., Co. K, 14th Inf.; must. Dec. 21, 1861; missing Feb. 4, 1862.

Hatch, Ivory, 7th Inf.; must. 1861.

Hatch, Sylvester, sergt., Co. F, 8th Inf.; must. Sept. 7, 1861; pro, to Ist sergt.;
missing in battle, May 16, 1864.

Hilton, Joseph, Co. F, 8th Inf.; must. Sept. 7, 1861; disch. June 26, 1865.

Hatch, William N., Co. F, 8th Inf.; must. Sept. 7, 1861; disch. Oct. 21, 1862,

Hobbs, Andrew J., corp., Co. K, 14th Inf.; must. Dec. 21, 1861; pro. to sergt.,
1862; died from wounds at Baton Rouge, La.

Hubbard, Erastus, Co. K, 14th Inf.; must. Dec. 21, 1861; disch. March, 1863.

Hill, Jacob, Co. K, 14th Inf.; must. Dec. 21,1861; re-enl. January, 1864; trans.
to 14th Inf.

Hatch, Augustus E., Co. K, 14th Inf.; must. Dec. 21, 1861; re-enlisted; disch.
March, 1864,

Hatch, Elijah F., Co, K, 14th Inf.; must. Dec. 21, 1861; missing Feb. 5, 1862.

Hill, Edwin, Co. K, 14th Inf.; must. Dec. 21, 1861; disch. February, 1864,

Hilton, Elbridge, Co. K, Mth Inf.; must. Dec, 21, 1861; disch. August, 1862.

Ililton, Horace, Co. K, 14th Inf.; must. Jan. 18, 1862; disch. June 25, 1862,

Hilton, Charles H., Co, K, 14th Inf. ; must, Jan. 18, 1862; re-enlisted,

Hill, Frederick R., sergt., Co. E, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with
company.

Hatch, Elmore J., Co, B, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Hatch, Joseph E., Co. E, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch, with company.

Hilton, John, Jr., Co. E, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Hubbard, Alonzo, Co. E, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Ilewey, George, 2d Bat, M. Art.; must. Sept. 23, 1864.

Larrabee, Levi H., Co. F, 8th Inf.; must. Sept. 25, 1862; trans. to Co. K; disch.
August, 1863.

Littlefield, Jonas C., Co F, 8th Inf.; must. Aug. 25,1862; pro. to 2d liout., U.S.
Col. Troops, 1865,

Littlefield, Gideon R., Co. F, 8th Inf.; must. Aug. 19, 1862; pro. to corp. ; miss-
ing in battle, Oct. 27, 1864.

Littlefield, Horace P., Co. I, 10th Inf.; must. Oct. 4,1861; disch. with company,
1863.

Lewis, John B., Co. K, 14th Inf.; must. Dec. 17,1861; died at New Orleans,
June 29, 1862.
WAR OF THE

REBELLION. 149

 

Larrabee, Horace T. H., Co. K, 14th Inf.; must. Dec. 17, 1861; disch. Aug. 1862.

Littlefield, Oliver B., Co. I, lst Cav.; must. Oct. 3, 1861; disch. Nov. 25, 1864.

Larrabee, Samuel C., recruit for 8th Inf.; must. Aug. 19, 1862.

Littlefield, Albra, recruit for 8th Inf.; must. Aug. 20, 1862.

Littlefield, John A., recruit for 8th Inf.; must. Aug. 20, 1862.

Littlefield, Josias, Co. F, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Littlefield, Joshua D., Co, E, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with com-
pany.

Littlefield, Jos. F., Co. E, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Littlefield, Ralph, Co. E, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Maxwell, George W., recruit for 8th Inf.; must. Aug. 20, 1862.

Maxwell, John S., recruit for 8th Inf.; must. Aug. 20, 1862.

Murphy, Henry, Co. B, 30th Inf.; must. Feb. 28, 1865.

Perkins, Moses, Co. E, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; died Dec. 28, 1862.

Pike, George B., Co. E, 27th Inf.; must. Sept.30, 1862; disch. with company.

Quint, William, recruit for 8th Inf.; must. Aug. 25, 1862.

Rankin, Daniel, recruit for 8th Inf.; must. Aug. 19, 1862; died Nov. 3, 1864.

Rhodes, Miles, Co. F, 8th Inf.; must. Aug. 25, 1862; disch. Sept. 16, 1863.

Rhodes, Israel K., musician, Co. E, 27th Inf. ; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with
company.

Sherwin, William F., Co. F, 8th Inf.; must. Aug. 19, 1862; wounded May 9,
1864; disch. with company.

Stuart, Lyman C., Co. F, 8th Inf.; must. Aug. 5, 1862; died at Andersonville,
Aug. 25, 1864.

Smith, Charles H., Co, F, 8th Inf.; must. Aug. 19, 1862; disch. July 22, 1865.

Shorey, Henry P., Co. I, 10th Inf.; must. Oct. 4, 1861; disch. with company,
1863. z

Stuart, Ezra H., corp., Co. I, 1st Cav.; must. Oct. 31,1861; missing March 13,
1862.

Smith, Samuel S., Co. E, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Taylor, Calvin M., Co. E, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Taylor, George A., Co. E, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Tripp, Daniel W., Co. K, 14th Inf.; must. Dec. 17, 1861; pro. to corp.; re-en-
listed ; wounded Sept. 19, 1864; trans. to 14th Inf.

Wilbur, James, Co. A, 8th Inf.; must. Aug. 25, 1862; kiiled at Cold Harbor,
June 1, 1864,

Wells, Alexander B., corp., Co. E, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with
company.

Wait, John H., Co. E, 27th Inf.; must, Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Wheelwright, Moses F., Co. E, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with
company.

‘Winn, Oliver A., Co. E, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Wentworth, Mark F., Co. E,27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; elected lieut.-col.
of regiment, and must. with the field and staff; pro. to col.; disch. with
regiment.

Welch, Andrew J., 5th Bat. M. Art.; must. 1861.

York, Enoch, Co. E, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

York, George F., Co. E, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

York, William, Co. E, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

FOREIGN ENLISTMENTS.

Abbott, Jairus C., 4th New Hampshire Volunteers.
Butland, Robert 0. R., U.S. Navy.

Cheney, Ebenezer, 7th New Hampshire Infantry.
Dennett, Simon L., U.S. Navy.

Dunnerson, Daniel, New Hampshire Volunteers.
Eaton, Horace M., Massachusetts Volunteers. —
Lewis, Adoniram J., 16th Massachusetts Infantry.
Littlefield, Andrew J., 11th Massachusetts Infantry.
Littlefield, Benjamin F., 3d Vermont Volunteers,
Littlefield, Adoniram J., U.S. Navy.

Littlefield, Elisha J., U. S. Navy.

Littlefield, Joseph F., U.S. Navy.

 

Moulton, Edwin A., 17th Massachusetts Infantry,

Smith, William H. H., 14th Massachusetts Infantry.
Smith, Oliver J., 14th Massachusetts Infantry.
Ward, Octavius, U. 8. Navy.

YORK.

Austin, Ezekiel, Co. —, 8th Inf.; must. Aug. 25, 1862; disch. June 11, 1865.

Caldwell, Asbury, Co. —, 8th Inf.; must. Sept. 2, 1862. 5

Centre, John W., Co. K, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company,
July 17, 1863.

Cushtnan, William M., Co. L, 1st Cav.; must. Feb. 11,1864; taken prisoner,
1864; trans, to District Columbia Cav.

Carr, James P., Co, —, District Columbia Cav.; must. Feb, 4, 1864; trans, from
1st Me. Cav.

Freeman, John W., corp., Co. D, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; pro. to sergt. ;
disch. with company, July 17, 1863.

Fitzgerald, David, Co. D, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company,
July 17, 1863.

Gilchrist, William, Co. —, 8th Inf.; must. Sept. 6, 1862.

Hanson, Ole, Co. —, 8th Inf. ; must. Sept. 2, 1862.

Hodgkins, Joseph 0., Co. —, 8th Inf.; must. Sept. 10, 1862.

Huntress, Henry 0., Vo. I, 1st Cav. ; must. Sept. 20, 1862; pro. tosergt.; disch.
May 28, 1865.

Hooper, Charles H., Co. K, 1st Cav.; must. Aug. 15, 1862; trans. to Vet. Res.
Corps.

McIntire, Albert, Co. —, 8th Inf.; must. Sept. 25, 1862.

Moore, James, Co. —, 8th Inf.; must. Sept. 25, 1862.

Matthews, Isaac, Co. D, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Monteith, Joseph, Co. G, 3d Inf.; must. Oct. 3, 1863; trans. to17th Maine Regt.,
1864; conscript.

Miller, Joseph E., Co. A, 9th Inf.; must. Oct. 10, 1862; disch. June 22, 1865.

McDonald, Angus, Ist Bat. M. Art.; must. Sept. 21, 1864; disch. July 15, 1865.

Patch, Daniel, Co. H, 8th Inf.; must. Sept, 25, 1862; died at Beaufort, Dec. 11,
1862,

Ramsdell, Paul R., Co. D, 27th Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. with company.

Simpson, Daniel W., Co. F, 8th Inf.; must, Aug. 25,1862; died at Point of
Rocks, 1864.

Snow, Israel T., Co. B, 10th Bat. Inf.; must. Sept. 18, 1862; trans., 1864, to
29th Inf.

Simpson, Josiah, Co. D, 10th Bat. Inf ; must. Aug. 1, 1861; disch. with company.

Thompson, Charles, Co. K, 14th Inf.; must. Dec. 21, 1861; taken prisoner at
Baton Rouge; disch. 1863.

Welch, Luther D., Co. K, 14th Inf.; must. Dec. 21, 1861; missing.

Winn, Joseph, Co. —, 14th Inf.

Witham, Elliott, Co. K, 14th Inf.; must. Dec. 21, 1861; re-enl, Jan. 1, 1864;
transferred; taken prisoner, 1864.

Webber, Wilbur W., Co. B, 8th Inf.; must. Sept. 2,
1863; pro. to corp.; disch. June 12, 1865.
Welch, Charles, Co. K, 1st Cav.; must. Aug. 20, 1862; killed June 24, 1864.
Wovdvury, Jolinson T., Co. C, 30th Inf.; must. Jan. 12, 1864; transferred,

\se2; wounded May 16,

FOREIGN ENLISTMENTS.
Bowden, Henry.
Bragdon, Charles, 13th New Hampshire Infantry.
Cochee, Joseph H., 13th New Hampshire Infantry.
Dunnerson, David, New Hampshire Volunteers.
Emerson, Andrew L., U. 8. Navy.
Higgins, Daniel, 5th New Hampshire Infantry.
Higgins, John W., New Hampshire Volunteers.
Hutchins, George, Massachusetts Volunteers.
Mclutire, Daniel H., 13th New Hampshire Infantry.
McIntire, Jeremiah 8., 13th New Hampshire Infantry.
Norton, Oliver A., 17th Massachusetts Infantry.
Rowe, Muses, 13th Massachusetts Infantry.
Stacy, George W., Massachusetts Volunteers.
Welch, Jolin F., 13th Massachusetts Infantry.
CITY OF S200.

 

ORIGINAL PATENTS.

AMONG the numerous patents granted by the Council
- of Plymouth were two upon the Saco River. The Bidde-
ford patent, as we have called it in the history of that town,
conveyed to John Oldham and Richard Vines a tract of
land on the west side of the river extending four miles in
width upon the sea and eight miles inland. The other
patent conveyed a tract of equal extent on the east side of
the river to Thomas Lewis and Capt. Richard Bonython.
These patents were both granted on the 12th of February,
1629, old style, equivalent to Feb. 1, 1630. The former
was copied into the province records July 19, 1643; the
latter, April 5, 1731. The patentees on the eastern
side of the river arrived the year after the others, and
took formal possession of their grant June 28, 1631, in
presence of Capt. Thomas Wiggin, of Dover; James Parker,
Henry Watts, and George Vaughan, of Piscataqua; Ed-
ward Hilton, acting as attorney for the Council.

GEOGRAPHICAL BOUNDARIES.

The colonists, upon the respective patents, settled down
in a neighborly manner upon each side of the river, which
divided their possessions, and all acted together in the
prudential and municipal affairs of the settlement. The
boundary lines of the town were assumed to be co-extensive
with those of the two patents, and so remained till the
whole line of settlements along the coast, from Kittery to
Falmouth, had submitted to the jurisdiction of Massachu-
setts, in 1658. The civil or municipal town of Saco was
organized by the commissioners of Massachusetts at the
time of the submission of Saco, and the towns westward
of it, in 1653; but the geographical boundaries were not
determined till Massachusetts had extended her jurisdic-
tion over all the settlements within the limits of her charter
(as then interpreted), and the whole territory east of Wells
was assigned to a commission of the General Court to be
divided into towns, as their discretion would seem to dic-
tate, with some respect to the original patent boundaries,
but not with absolute conformity thereto. This commis-
sion consisted of Nicholas Shapleigh, Edward Rishworth,
and Abraham Preble, citizens of York and Kittery. They
made the following report Oct. 18, 1659: “ We, whose
names are here underwritten, being appointed by the Gen-
eral Court of Massachusetts, are empowered to lay out the
dividing bounds between the towns of Cape Porpoise, Saco,
Scarborough, and Falmouth, and upon due consideration do
determine as followeth: that the dividing bounds between
Cape Porpoise and Saco shall be the river called Little
River, next unto William Scadlock’s new dwelling-house
unto the first falls of the said river; from thence upon a
due northwest line into the country until eight miles be

150

 

expired. The dividing bounds between Saco and Scar-
borough shall be that river commonly called Little River
next unto Scarborough, and from the mouth of said river
shall run upon a due northwest line into the country unto
the extent of eight miles.”

These boundaries have been adhered to from that period
to the present. The mouth of Little River, next to Scar-
borough, having shifted its position from time to time, the
bounds on that side have accordingly fluctuated, and it is
now quite uncertain where the line as originally run met
the sea. There is some reason to suppose that this small
stream, or creek, formerly discharged at least one hundred
rods eastward of the present line. Had the extent of the
eastern patent been known, it is probable the commissioners
would have made that of the town to correspond. The
patent line was run in 1681. It is now about two hun-
dred and twenty rods distant from the town line, causing
more than three thousand acres of the township originally
granted to Lewis and Bonython to lie in the town of Scar-
borough, and being the source of great inconvenience, es-
pecially to the early inhabitants, as the town line runs
through many estates which were originally bounded by
the patent line.

MUNICIPAL CHANGES.

The settlements on both sides of the river were at first
known as Winter Harbor, the name given to the basin now
called the Pool, in consequence of the wintering of Vines
and his companions here in 1616, and it was a noted place
from that time forward. In 1653 the settlements were or-
ganized as Saco; in 1718 they were incorporated as Bidde-
ford, and so remained, under one municipal government,
till June, 1762, when the territory and inhabitants on the
east side were incorporated under the name of Pepperell-
borough, from Sir Willian Pepperell. On the 23d of Feb-
ruary, 1805, the name was changed to Saco, which it has
since borne, with the addition of a city government, which
was chartered Feb. 18, 1867.

EARLY SETTLEMENT.

Soon after the granting of the Lewis and Bonython
patent, the record of book of a rate for the minister, in 1636,
was as follows: Thomas Lewis, £3; Capt. Richard Bony-
thon, £3; Henry Warwick, £1; Clement Greenway, £1;
Henry Watts, £1 10s.; Richard Foxwell, £1 10s. The
last two were located at Blue Point, and when the commis-
sioners established the town line in 1659, they were left in
Scarborough. These were probably some of the first set-
tlers. For many years the inhabitants were located near
the sea, at Old Orchard Beach, and towards the mouth of
the river, and were chiefly descendants of the old families,
as the Scammans, Edgecombs, Townsends, Youngs, Sharps,
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CITY OF SACO. 151

 

Bankses, Sands, and Googins, to whom were added respect-
able Scotch emigrants, from the north of Ireland, that came
over about 1718, and after. Capt. Scamman, and persons
employed at the mill, with their families, were all that were
settled about the Falls until 1731. During that year, Mr.
Weare sold three-quarters of his right in land and mill to
Richard Berry, John Elden, and John Sellea, and soon after,
one-eighth to Thomas Dearborn, and the balance to Abra-
ham Tyler and Jeremiah Moulton, who, with the exception
of the two latter, became residents. In 1736, Sellea sold
one-half of the lot lying above Main Street to Joseph Hill
for £400, reserving twenty feet square for a burying-place.
It was two miles in length and forty rods in width. The
burying-place was on the lower side of Storer Street. But
few, if any, headstones remain to mark the spot. Dearborn
sold in part to James Berry in 1737, and Tyler and Moul-
ton to William Berry in 1738. The Berrys all resided
about the Falls.

Among the early colonists were men of much respect-
ability, and some of no little note. Thomas Lewis, one of
the original patentees and settlers, who lived a short dis-
tance above the lower ferry, was beyond doubt a gentleman
of more than ordinary consideration. He was the attorney
of the Plymouth Council for giving possession of the Hilton
patent at Piscataqua in 1631. He died between 1637 and
1640. Judith, one of his daughters, married James Gib-
bins about 1647. Another married Robert Haywood, who
lived at Barbadoes. Gibbins purchased his right to the
estate of Mr. Lewis, and thus became sole proprietor.

Mr. Gibbins’ name is frequently found upon the town
records up to 1683. In that year he gave the town ten
acres of upland and six of marsh for the minister. He re-
moved to Kittery after that, and in 1690 he executed a
conveyance of one hundred acres in that town to his
daughter Elizabeth. He had eight children,—James, Eliz-
abeth, Thomas, Charity, Rebecca (died in infancy), Rachel,
Hester, and Anthony. Elizabeth married John Sharpe, in
1667, when she was but fifteen years of age. Rachel mar-
ried Robert Edgecomb ; she died in 1724, and he in 1730,
and were buried at Rendezvous Point. He is said to have
been of noble descent. He was thought to have been a son
of Nicholas, who moved from Blue Point to this town in
1660. There was a John Edgecomb selectman in 1686,
who was probably another son of Nicholas.

Capt. Richard Bonython probably settled on the grant
as early as did Mr. Lewis, although the first record of him
is in 1636. He was one of Gorges’ councilors in 1640,
and present at the last court held under Gorges’ authority
in Wells in 1646. In 1647 he conveyed a piece of land,
after which his name is not found on the records. He is
not enumerated among the inhabitants in 1653, hence it is
inferred he died between these dates. He seems to have
attended to the duties of his office with great faithfulness
and impartiality, entering a complaint against his own son
for using threatening language to Mr. Vines. He was
highly respected by the people and his associates in office.
He had a son and two daughters, all born in England.

The house of Capt. Bonython was noted as being the
place at which the first court in Maine was held. At this
court, convened by the authority of Sir Ferdinando Gorges,

 

Richard Vines, Richard Bonython, Thomas Cammock,
Henry Jocelyn, Edward Godfrey, and Thomas Lewis were
sworn as councilors of the Province of New Somersetshire.
They met at the house of Capt. Richard Bonython, March
25, 1636—all present but Vines—and held court several
days. The records of this court do not extend beyond
1637; hence, it is uncertain whether it was held longer,
till the new organization in 1640. Under this organization,
courts were held till 1645, actions of which remain on
record. In i646, Rigby’s claim to Lygonia, or the Plough
Patent, was allowed, and George Cleaves, as deputy presi-
dent, instituted the government of Lygonia. The first
record of acts under this government bears date Sept. 22,
1648. Rigby died in 1650, and his son Edward succeeded
him as proprietor. In 1653 Massachusetts assumed con-
trol of the government.

The courts under these several jurisdictions afford some
interesting records, most of which are found in their appro-
propriate history in the general part of this work.

John, the son of Capt. Richard Bonython, bore an op-
posite character to that of his father. The records of the
court show him to have been a quarrelsome and violent
man. So violent was his conduct, and so regardless of the
consequences of his actions, that twice he was outlawed,
and the last time a price set upon his head. His name is
seldom found upon the town-book. In 1665 he was ap-
pointed constable, but refused to serve, and was fined £4.
He was bitterly opposed to the administration of affairs by
Massachusetts, and attempted to act independently of all au-
thority. Hence he gained the sobriquet of ‘Sagamore of
Saco,” which gave rise to the lines said to have been en-
graved on his tombstone :

“ Here lies Bonython, Sagamore of Saco;
He lived a rogue and died a knave, and went to Hobomocko.”#

He died about 1684. In May, 1683, he gave the town
twenty acres of upland for the minister. He left six chil-
dren,—John, Thomas, Gabriel, William, Winnifred, and
Eleanor. The daughters became the wives of Richard
Foxwell and Richard Cumming. . Mr. Foxwell lived in the
southeastern part of the patent, and was one of the first
and most respectable planters in the vicinity ; was but little
in public life, but devoted his time mostly to the improve-
ment of his plantation, which in time became a valuable
legacy to his heiis. He died about 1677. He had three
sons and five daughters. John, one of the sons, married a
daughter of Richard Cumming, and dying young, left a son,
Nathaniel, who removed to York. Deborah, Nathaniel’s
daughter, married William Corbaine, of Boston, and her
right in the Foxwell estate was sold to William Pepperell,
afterwards Sir William, in 1729. Of the daughters, Es-
ther married Thomas Rogers, of Goosefair, in 1657. Mr.
Rogers was here as early as 1638. He lived near the
sea, at the mouth of Goosefair Brook, in the western part
of what is now known as Old Orchard, near the centre of
the patent, as the centre line of division started at his
garden. The Indians destroyed his house in 1676, when
he removed to Kittery, where he died not long after. He
left two sons, Richard and John. Richard bought a tract

 

* Hobomocko—the evil spirit of the Indians.—Folsom.
152 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

of Gibbins, in 1687, about a half a mile square, situated
between Goosefair Brook and the centre line of division.
He also removed to Kittery. His son Richard gave the
land to Patrick Googins, in 1737. Patrick came from Ire-
land quite young, was in the employ of Pepperell, at Kit-
tery, married Richard’s daughter, and settled on this tract.
His descendants still occupy a portion of the old estate.

Of the daughters, Lucretia Foxwell married James Rob-
inson, of Blue Point ; Susannah, an Austin ; Mary, George
Norton, of York ; Sarah married Joseph Curtis, of Kit-
tery, in 1678; her daughter, Eunice, was born Dec. 23,
1698, and married Richard Cutts, of Kittery, Oct. 20,
1720. They had eight sons and three daughters,—viz.,
Sarah, Robert, Joseph, Samuel, Edward, Foxwell, Curtis,
Richard, Mary, Thomas, and Eunice. Thomas was the
colonel of this town; he was born April 5, 1736. Edward,
born in 1728, was judge of Court of Common Pleas.

Capt. Bonython’s second daughter married Richard
Cumming, before 1647, who was a settler in Biddeford,
but after the death of his father-in-law removed to Saco,
and settled near Little River. His name is often found in
the town records up to 1674. He died about 1675. He
left a son, Thomas, one of the administrators of his estate,
and a daughter, Elizabeth. The son did not long survive
his father. The daughter married her cousin, John Fox-
well, and after his death, John Harmon. By this mar-
riage Harmon became heir to a large estate. His only
daughter married Joseph Banks, of York, to which place
Harmon removed before 1690. In this manner Banks
became possessed of Harmon’s right.

Henry Waddock was an active and useful citizen of the
town for a long time. His house was at the lower ferry, on
the road from Wells to Casco. His son John was among
the principal townsmen in 1674.

Humphrey Scamman was born in 1640, it is supposed
in Portsmouth, N. H. He lived at Kittery Point in 1677,
where the birth of his son Humphrey was recorded. The
name of his wife was Elizabeth. Their children were Hum-
phrey, born May 10, 1677; Elizabeth, who married An-
drew Haley, of Kittery,-in 1697; Mary and Rebecca,
whose husbands’ names were Puddington and Billings;
and Samuel, born 1689. Mr. Scamman removed first to
Cape Porpoise (Kennebunkport), where he received a town
grant in 1679 ; he removed to Saco the same year, and pur-
chased the estate of H. Waddock, and kept the ferry; he
was admitted to the enjoyment of town liberties, June 12,
1680; he was a man of influence, and was often intrusted
with the management of town affairs; he died Jan. 1,
1727 ; few of the early settlers have a more numerous or
respected posterity than he. His son, Capt. Humphrey,
in 1717, bought of William Pepperell, Jr., one-fourth of
the Blackman tract, and engaged in the lumber business ;
he also was frequently a town officer; he died in 1734.

The lands and other property of Capt. Humphrey Scam-
man were divided (in 1736) among his children, whose
names were Humphrey, Dominicus, James, Nathaniel,
Benjamin, Hannah, Elizabeth, Mary, and Sarah. Hum-
phrey had a double portion; Dominicus married Rebecca,
daughter of Capt. D. Smith, in 1741, but both died in
1745, of a malignant fever, leaving two children, Domi-

. Berwick.

~ the town.

 

nicus and Elizabeth; James married, about 1739, Hannah,
a daughter of Col. Plaisted, of Berwick ; he died in 1753,
leaving two sons, James, known as Colonel, and Nathaniel
and Hannah, who married Thomas Donnell; Betsey, who
married Deacon Hill, of Berwick; and Mary, whose first
husband was Capt. Seth Mitchell.

The widow of James married Maj. Ebenezer Ayer, from
Haverhill, in 1754, by whom she had- several children.
Nathaniel and Benjamin both died uumarried, one at Cape
Breton, and the other of a fever contracted there. Hum-
phrey, son of the captain, removed to Kittery, where he
died quite aged.

Hannah married a Mr. Brown. Elizabeth married Capt.
Ichabod Goodwin, of South Berwick; he was the father
of Maj.-Gen. Ichabod Goodwin, a notice of whom may be
found in the South Berwick history. Mary, the captured
daughter in Canada, married a French gentleman at Que-
bec, and never returned, and her portion, known as the
Canada lots, was divided among the other heirs in 1802,
though her heirs are said to have made some inquiry after
her portion through Deacon Dominicus Goodwin, of South
Sarah married Joseph Hanson, of Dover.

Samuel Scamman, son of the first Humphrey, came from
Kittery, where he married Margery Deering, about 1712.
He had three sons,—Samuel, John, and Ebenezer. He
lived about half a mile above the lower ferry. After the
death of his wife, in 1740, he lived with his son Samuel,
who built a house with a garrison about that time where Mr.
Stephen Sawyer lived afterwards. He and his son, Sam-
uel, Jr., were selectmen several years, as was also the son’s
son, Deacon Samuel. The other two sons lived at the old
homestead, one of whom—John—was selectman several
years.

Not many years after the division of the Humphrey

- Scamman estate, a part of the property at the lower ferry

was bought by Deacon Amos Chase, who built a house there
and kept the ferry several years. He married Sarah, the
daughter of Samuel Cole. About 1741 he attempted a
settlement in Buxton, on a right belonging to his father,
but, on account of the war of 1744, returned to Newbury,
from which he came here again and settled at the ferry in
1753. In 1763 he removed to the estate two miles above,

: where he spent the remainder of his useful life, and left a

monument to his good taste and sense in the magnificent
elms that for years have stood where he brought and planted
them with his own hands.

Robert Patterson removed his family here in 1729, and

settled at Rendezvous Point, where he purchased a farm

of the Gibbins estate. He and his descendants were noted
for their longevity. The name is still quite numerous in
He took an active part in town affairs, and was
several years one of the selectmen.

Col. Tristram Jordan, son of Capt. Samuel, was born in
1731. He married Hannah, daughter of Capt. Ichabod
Goodwin, of South Berwick, in 1749, took the Pepperell
house, and engaged in trade. He was captain of the first
company of foot raised on the east side of the river, and
such was his success in business that in 1755 his tax was
highest of any one on that side. He represented the county
in the Massachusetts Senate in 1787. He removed to his
HORACE WOODMAN

(John,® Shubael,> Nathan, Benjamin,'
Joshua,? Edward!), a descendant in the
seventh generation from Edward Wood-
man, the emigrant, was born in the town
of Hollis, York Co., Me., Nov. 19, 1829.
Edward, with his wife, Joanna, and
Archelaus Woodman, came to America
in the year 1635 in the ship “ James,” of
London, England, and settled in New-
bury, Mass., where they resided until
their death. Edward Woodman was a
man of influence, decision, and energy,
and opposed with great zeal the attempt
made by the Rev. Thomas Parker to
change the mode of church government
from Congregationalism to something
like Presbyterianism. He was a deputy
to the General Court in 1636, 37, 39, and
43, The three great-grandsons of Edward
—Joseph, Joshua, and Nathan Woodman
—settled in Buxton, from Newbury, about
1756, from whom sprang the Woodmans
ot York County.

Shubael, grandfather of our subject,
owned a farm on the west bank of Saco
River, in Hollis, in possession of his son
Nathan in 1879. He was born Aug. 3],
1772, and died Feb. 14, 1830. Of his four
sons and two daughters, John, eldest son
and father of Horace Woodman, born in
Hollis, Dec. 13, 1800, married Ann Hooper,
Oct. 28, 1825. She was born in Biddeford
July 18, 1802, and resides in Saco. He
died Oct. 3, 1835. Of their five children,
Horace, the only son, resided on the farm
at home until he was fourteen years of
age, when he came to Saco, and for three
years was a clerk in a grocery-store. He
became an apprentice in the Saco Water-
Power Machine Shops for two years, and
was in Lowell, Mass., for six years, during
which time his seemingly natural talent
as a machinist was developed, and his
skill as a workman acknowledged, so that
his services were sought in the construc-
tion of the machinery of the Waltham
Watch Manufacturing Company, of Bos-
ton. His business led him to study in-
vention. In 185U he invented a “‘Self-

 

Stripping Cotton Card,’ which, for the
following three years, he unsuccessfully
attempted to introduce in the manufac-
turing establishments at Lowell; but,
confident of its final success, he came to
Saco in 1854, where he obtained permission
to use it, which proved its value, and he
obtained its patent the same year, in
August. For an improvement on this he
obtained a patent in July, 1865, and Dec.
1, 1857, and the same was extended for
seven years, July, 1870. He defended this
patent in the United States Courts, and
was successful at the end of twelve years
by a decree of the Court in his favor
against forty-six manufacturing corpora-
tions of New England, whom he sued for
infringement upon his patent. The value
of the patent to manufacturers was great ;
and during the life of the patent they had
realized a profit of many million dollars,

In 1858 he invented the “ Woodman
Power and Hand Drill,” which was pat-
ented the same year, and extension of
patent granted for seven years from 1872.
In 1860 he established machine-shops in
Saco, where, until 1868, he manufactured
extensively shafting, saw-mill machinery,
and mowing machines.

He invented and, in 1866, obtained a
patent for a “Shingle Machine,” which is
extensively used in the Western States.
In 1877-78 he obtained a patent in Eng-
land, France, Germany, Canada, and the
United States fur a “Positive Motion
Cotton-Loom,” and in 1873 he obtained a
patent for a “ Fancy Knitting Machine.”

Mr. Woodman has been president of the
Saco and Biddeford Gaslight Company
since 1874, and in the fall of 1879 pur-
chased the stock of the Saco Aqueduct
Company, organized in 1823, and has laid
an iron pipe of larger diameter than the
lead one of the company, to furnish the
city of Saco with water.

He married, May 3, 1851, Lucy E. Dun-
ham, by whom he had two sons, John
and Alton. His wife died Sept. 5, 1858.
His present wife is Henrietta E., daughter
of Selencus Adams, of Biddeford, whom
he married Dec. 1, 1875.

 

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OF HORACE WOODMAN,

 
CITY OF SACO. 153

 

estate at Deep Brook about the close of the Revolutionary
war, where he died in 1821, aged ninety. No one took so
active and continued a part in town affairs as Col. Jordan.
His public services, as per record, began as selectman in
1754, before the separation of the towns, and his name is
found as a member of the board twenty-one years, while he
was town clerk from 1762 to 1788. While a young man,
he engaged in several short voyages. On one of his trips
he took out with him the frame of the first church erected
in Halifax, Nova Scotia, the timber of which he cut at
Deep Brook. Most of the duties of justice of the peace
devolved upon him for a number of years. His private
enterprise and close attention to business made him an em-
inently useful man to the community, and one to whose
hands important trusts could be confided. He was thrice
married. By his first wife he had two sons and seven
daughters. Of these, Elizabeth marricd William Vaughan,
of Scarborough ; Sarah, Nathaniel- Scamman; Hannah,
Capt. Solomon Coit, and after his death, James Perkins, of
Kennebunkport ; Olive, Capt. Seth Storer; Mary, Daniel
Granger. Capts. Coit and Storer were noted shipmasters
of the period. Two sons and one daughter were left by
his last marriage.

Col. Thomas Cutts was descended from an honorable and
highly-respectable family of Kittery, where his youth was
spent, where he served a clerkship in the counting-house
of Pepperell, and where he made his first business venture.
Proving unsuccessful in it, with a small capital of $100,
for which he was indebted to his father, he removed to
Saco about 1758, and began trading in a room in Dr.
White’s house, economizing his means by- cooking his own
food. Having an uncommon aptitude for business, he
soon enlarged his capital, and embarked in lucrative and
extensive transactions. Possessed of much foresight, he
early saw the advantages of Indian or Factory Island as a
place of business, and took measures to make it the seat of
his trade. In 1759 he bought a fourth of Weare’s origi-
nal share of the island for about $90, and soon after built a
small house with conveniences for a store on the southwest
end of it, to which he removed, and in which he continued
to reside for about twenty years. He marricd, Aug. 24,
1762, Elizabeth, daughter of Dominicus Scamman, who,
since the early death of her parents, had resided with her
maternal grandmother, Madam Ladd. Hight children were
born to them, all in the small house he first built. The
island soon became the connecting way between the two
settlements at the Falls. Besides the business of his store,
which soon exceeded that of others in the vicinity, he
went into ship-building and navigation, and up to the
breaking out of the Revolution had a very profitable and
extensive timber trade with the West Indies. In 1774 he
bought Pepperell’s half of the island for about $1100.
Before that he had secured Sellea’s one-sixteenth, and the
same of Mclutire, of York, and at different times he ob-
tained small parts from the Berrys or their assigns, and the
Scamman heirs. In 1782 he removed to an elegant house
on the upper part of the island, where he passed the re-
mainder of his days, which ended Jan. 10, 1821. His
real estate was appraised at nearly $100,000.

Col. Wm. Moody was the son of Wm. P. Moody, who

20

 

came to this town from Kittery, and married Elizabeth,
daughter of Samuel Scamman, in 1763. He was born in
1770, and had only common advantages for an education.
His father, as his grandfather Edmund before him, was a
joiner, and he early taught his son the use of tools. The
first meeting-house in town was erected by his grandfather.
His futher died when he was but seventeen years of age,
and he was thus early thrown upon his own resources.
From 1804 to 1812 he represented the town in the Legis-
lature of Massachusetts, and from 1812 to 1820 he repre-
sented the county in the Senate, and became an active and
useful member of that body. In the convention to form
the constitution of Maine he was a delegate, and often took
part in the debates, gaining the attention of that body by the
ease and clearness with which he expressed his views. He
was elected a member of the first Senate of Maine, and pre-
sided over its discussions after the resignation of Gen.
Chandler. He was also, in 1820, appointed sheriff of the
county. He died suddenly, March 15, 1822, universally
lamented, while in the midst of an eminently useful life.

Major Ebenezer Ayer was with Arnold in the Canada
expedition through the Kennebec wilderness, in which he
displayed much energy and courage. It is related of him
that he sawed off the pickets of an English fort with his
own hands, to enable the party to scale the walls. He af-
terwards served in the engineer department, with rank of
major.

The Milliken family are descended, on the mother’s side,
from Elizabeth, one of the five daughters of John Alger,
son of Lieut. Andrew Alger, an inhabitant of that part of
the town now in Scarborough, in 1653, as then he reccived
a grant in the division of town lands. During King Philip’s
war, Licut. Alger and two others were attacked by the In-
dians in Scarborough, but after a few shots were exchanged
the Indians retired; he was wounded, however, and died
soon after of wounds received in the attack.

INDIAN WARS.

The first Indian trouble commenced in 1675. During
this year, Major Phillips’ garrison was attacknd and success-
fully defended. About the same time the house of John
Bonython, on the east side of the river, was burned, but the
family had escaped. Soon after the settlers retired to near
the mouth. of the river, and all the mills and houses above
were destroyed by the Indians. The same year Capt. Win-
coln, of: South Berwick, came with a small company to aid
his eastern neighbors. In askirmish with the Indians he
lost several of his men. Afterwards, marching near the sea-
coast, supposed to be in this town, he was attacked by a large
party of Indians. His little band consisted of only eleven
men; but sheltering themselves behind rocks, they fought
so effectually that several of the savages were killed and the
rest driven off. Nine of the inhabitants, hearing the firing,
went to their relief, but falling into an ambuscade, were all
cut off, with two others that lived near.

In 1676 the house of Thomas Rogers, near Goosefair,
was burned. In 1688, the Indians having thrown out
alarming threats, Benjamin Blackman, justice of the peace
of Saco, ordered Capt. John Sargent to seize sixteen or
twenty who had been active in the recent war, with the hope
154

of bringing the rest to a renewal of peace. The prisoners
were taken to Falmouth, and thence to Boston, but without
avail. In April, 1689, the savages began to renew hostil-
ities at the Falls on Sunday, but it appears no lives were
lost. Humphrey Scamman and family were captured about
this time. He and his son were at work on a piece of marsh
near the lower ferry. The youngest son, Samuel, was sent
by his mother to take a mug of beer to his father and
brother at the marsh. He had not gone far when he saw
Indians, and ran back to inform his mother. They soon
came into the house and asked for her husband ; but she re-
fused to tell them where he was till they threatened to take
her off alone, when, upon their promise to take them with-
out harm together, she told them, and they effected their
capture at the marsh. A boy by the name of Robinson,
who had been sent for the team, discovered the Indians in
time to make his escape. Mounting a horse, with his gar-
ters for a bridle, he rode up to Gray’s Point, swam him
across to Cow Island, and from there swam across to the fort.
The alarm was immediately given, and the soldiers at work
some distance from the fort hastened in.
the mean time, put on men’s clothes, and showed themselves
about the fort, and thus deceived the savages till the men
camein. The Indians drew off with several other prisoners
beside the Scamman family. Peace took place soon after, and
the prisoners returned in about a year. On his return, Mr.
Scamman found his home as left, even the mug of' beer
standing on the dresser where placed by Samuel. This
mug is still an heirloom in the family, and must be at least
two hundred years old.

For ten years subsequent to 1702, Indian hostilities pre-
vailed ; but, in 1713, the inhabitants began to return to
their homes from places whither they had fled for safety,
and the settlement prospered until 1723, when a three-
years’ Indian war followed. In view of the threatened
hostilities, the fort and garrisons were supplied with men,
‘provisions, and ammunition. Capt. Ward then had
command of Fort Mary. Richard Stimpson’s garrison was
supplied with five men; Mr. Hill's, three; Stackpole’s,
four; Tarbox’s, four; Dyer’s, three; Captain Sharpe's,
three; and four men were posted at John Brown’s garrison
at Saco Falls. Hill’s garrison was on Ferry Lane; Stack-
pole’s, where Judge Jordan afterwards built, which in turn
came to be occupied by his son, Ralph Tristram Jordan,
Esq.; Dyer and Tarbox’s were near the Pool; Capt. Sharpe's,
on Rendezvous Point, near Haley’s Gut. In a further dis-
position of forces the same year a sergeant and fifteen men
were posted at Saco Falls. Six on the east side, in the
garrison probably of John Brown, on the spot occupied by
Jonathan King’s store—and the remainder on the west
side. Mr. John Stackpole, father of the deacon, was made
prisoner on the beach leading to the Neck. Seeing the
Indians at a distance, he ran into the Pool and attempted
to wade across; but one of the party, said to be Wahwaa,
who knew him well, pursued, crying out, “ Boon quarter,
John! boon quarter!” meaning his life should be spared.
Unable to escape, he yielded, and was taken to Canada,
from which he returned after an absence of nineteen months.
During the war, Nathaniel Tarbox and Thomas Haley were
killed at Winter Harbor. It was during the first summer

The women, in |

 

. their heirs in 1681.

. perell, at Kittery Point.

HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

of this war that Mary, a daughter of Capt. Humphrey
Scamman, about eight or nine years old, was taken by the
Indians while visiting a relative at Scarborough. She was
carried to Canada, and being a bright girl, attracted the
attention of the French Governor, who took her into his
family. Here she remained several years, and was educated
carefully in the Roman Catholic faith, while her friends
were profoundly ignorant of her situation. She married a
French gentleman of Quebec of good estate, and lived in
splendor. Her brother Humphrey made a journey to
Canada to induce her to return, but to no purpose. Her
portion in the Scamman estate set off to her was called the
Canada lot, and at a later period was divided among the
other heirs.

DIVISIONS AND CONVEYANCES OF REAL
ESTATE.

The Lewis and Bonython patent was divided among
Gibbins was the sole heir of Lewis,
while John Bonython claimed one-half of his father’s
interest, and Foxwell and Harmon, his brothers-in-law,
claimed the other half. The commissioners chosen for the

. purpose first divided the patent into two by a centre line,

parallel to the northeastern boundary. Commencing at the
southwestern corner, 400 acres were set off as Gibbins’
first division ; northwest of that, five hundred and ninety-
two rods wide, John Bonython’s first division; next back,
four hundred and ninety-eight rods in width, Gibbins’ third
lot; next, lying in the northwest corner of the patent, John
Bonython’s second lot. On the east of the centre line
there were four lots each two miles square. Counting from
the sea upward, in order, were Foxwell and Harmon’s
first lot, Gibbins’ second, Foxwell and Harmon’s second,
and Gibbins’ fourth lot. :

Joseph Banks, of York, became sole heir of the second
daughter of Capt. Richard Bonython, or one-half of the
Foxwell and Harmon estate. Banks conveyed one-half to
Peter Weare and others, one-quarter to Caleb Preble, of
York, who sold, in 1717, to James and Joseph Brown, of

| Newbury. Samuel, son of Joseph Banks, settled at Old

Orchard, on his father’s estate, where his descendants still
reside.

In 1680, Benj. Blackman purchased 100 acres, including
all of the mill privileges on the east side of the Saco Falls,
and built a saw-mill. Three years later he purchased on
the river 640 acres of John Bonython. The next year he
purchased nearly the whole of Gibbins’ third division,
which included the 100 acres at first purchased. Thus

| Blackman became proprietor of nearly one-quarter of the

original patent. Soon after, Blackman conveyed one-third
part to 8. Sheafe, of Boston, and another third to Samuel
Walker, of Boston, with one-third of the saw-mill at the
Falls in each case. In 1687, Sheafe deeded his third to
Walker. In 1716, Samuel Walker sold to Sir Wm. Pep-
perell, who was about twenty-one years of age, but exten-
sively engaged in business with his father, Col. Wm. Pep-
The following year Pepperell
bought the other third. These purchases included the
right of timber on 4500 acres northwest of them. Svon
after these acquisitions Pepperell sold two-fourths of the
STEPHEN LITTLEFIELD

was born in the town of San-
ford, June 15, 1784. At an
early age he went into the busy
world to carve out a fortune for
himself. He is first found at-
tending a grist-mill at Kenne-
bunk, and subsequently went
to Portland, where he remained
about one year, and carried
the mail on horseback between
Portland and Wiscasset, the
mail service of that route then
being controlled by Josiah
Paine. Mr. Paine in 1810
placed stages on the line from
Portland to Boston,and Stephen
Littlefield was sent to Saco to
take charge of stages, horses,
and everything pertaining to
the convenience of travelers
and rapid transit on the route.
The same year, December 1st,
he married Lois, daughter of
James and Sarah (Bryant)
Woodbury. She was born May
4, 1793, and died in 1858.
Her father was born June 3,
1769; lived in Saco; followed
coasting most of his life. Her
mother was born Dec. 10, 1767.

The passenger and mail ser-
vice, upon the introduction of
stages, and by making the time
only two days from Portland to
Boston,which was accomplished
by fresh relays of horses at cen-
tral points, rapidly increased,
and about 1820 four stock com-
panies were formed from Ban-
gor to Boston: 1, Bangor to

 

WILLIAM LITTLEFIELD,

eldest son of Stephen and Lois (Wood-
bury) Littlefield, was born in Saco,
Feb. 25, 1812. As early as sixteen
years of age he began driving stage
between Portland and Saco, and made
this a steady business after he was
twenty years old. Upon the death of
his father he took charge of the stage
business at Saco, which he continued
until the Portland, Saco and Ports-
mouth Railroad was builtin 1842, since
which time he has run a line of hacks,
and carried the mail from the depot
to the post-office and return. Thus
the mail service at Saco has been car-
ried on by the Littlefields from 1810
to 1880, and still continues,—a period
of seventy years. Mr. William Lit-
tlefield is well and familiarly known

 

 

 

Augusta; 2, Augusta to Port-
land; 3, Portland to Ports-
mouth ; 4, Portsmouth to Bos-
ton. Mr. Littlefield continued
in charge of business at Saco in
connection with the mail and
passenger service and the man-
agement of this extended stage
line until his death, in April,
1834. He was known asa man
of great activity and energy,
of strict integrity in all busi-
ness relations, and one in whom
the traveling public placed im-
plicit confidence.

The children of Stephen and
Lois Littlefield are William ;
Sarah A., wife of David Pome-
roy, of Southampton, Mass.;
Charles, for twelve years con-
nected with the York Mills in
charge of the cloth room, select-
man and assessor of Saco in
1866, assessor and auditor from
1867 to 1872, and the first
treasurer of the Saco Savings
Bank, chosen Dec. 3, 1869,
and resigned May 6, 1871;
Louisa (deceased), wife of John
Merrill; Eliza (deceased), wife
of Eldridge Plummer; Nancy,
widow of Dr. Frank Hill, Saco;
Lucy G., wife of Joshua Stev-
ens, formerly of Windham, Me.,
but now of Princeton, Ill.; Mary
H., wife of Luke Thomas
Saco ; Frances E., wife of Eliab
Ripley, Boston; Stephen (de-
ceased), for many years in the
express business in Chicago ;
and James W., a merchant in
Saco.

 

to the citizens of Saco; his social,
genial, and courteous ways are recog-
nized by the traveling public, and his
strict integrity in all business matters
has won for him the confidence and
esteem of all who know him.

After the example of his father,
who was a Whig, Mr. Littlefield is a
Republican ; was alderman during the
first year of the city government; was
subsequently elected to the same office,
and has been a member of the City
Council. He has been a member of
the Congregational Church since 1855.
He married, Nov. 4, 1835, Diana,
daughter of Jeremiah Staples, of Saco.
She was born Nov. 25,1811. Their
children are George (deceased) ; Wil-
liam (deceased); Eliza, wife of Moses
W. Webber, of Biddeford; and Ellen,
wife of William H. Owen, of Saco.
CITY OF SACO. 155

 

whole tract to Nathaniel Weare, of Hampton, millwright,
and Humphrey Scamman, of this town, who, in part pay-
ment, erected a double saw-mill on the site of the old
Blackman mill, and a dwelling-house to accommodate the
mill men, one-half of which was to be the property of Pep-
perell. In 1717 the partners divided the mill, and a lot
half a mile square adjoining, making a small reservation
to be used in common. Pepperell took the upper eighty
rods in width, east of Main Street; Scamman, the next
forty below; and Weare, forty rods to the brook, near
Gray’s Point, formerly called Pipe Stave Point. The re-
maining portion of the tract, extending from Nichols’ Brook
to the upper bounds of Gibbins’ third division, a distance
of four and one-quarter miles, and not less than two miles
in breadth, was divided in October, 1718. First, Pepperell
began at Nichols’ Brook, and took forty-four rods in width,
and back to the centre line of the patent ; then Scamman
twenty-two rods, and Weare twenty-two rods, which brought
them to the south line of the division in 1717. They now
extended the northeastern bounds of that lot to the centre
line of the patent, then beginning on the north side of this
lot,—Main Street,—following the river, Weare took the
first forty rods, Scamman forty, Pepperell eighty; then
Pepperell one hundred and twenty, Scamman sixty, Weare
sixty, Pepperell one hundred and twenty, Scamman sixty,
Weare sixty, Pepperell one hundred and twenty-seven,
Scamman sixty-seven and one-half, Weare sixty-seven and
one-half, which embraced the whole tract. A large rock in
the river, above Little Falls, marks the division as now
understood. The privilege of cutting timber, above alluded
to, was upon lot assigned to John Bonython, in the first
proprietor’s division, in 1681, and called his second division.
In the division of this timber-cutting privilege, in 1718,
Pepperell took the upper half, next the Buxton line, Weare
the next quarter, and Scamman the lower quarter, or that
nearest the Falls.

The valuable island opposite the mill was claimed by the
proprietors. From the records it seemed to have belonged
to the Phillips estate, for he sold one-half of it, in 1667, to
John Bonython for a quantity of logs suitable for lumber,
and in the division of it Major Phillips took the half next
his house, while Bonython took the other. No mention of
the island is made in the deeds to and from Blackman. At
one time it was called Bonython’s, then Indian, then Cutt’s,
and now Factory Island.

When letters of administration were granted on the estate
of John Bonython, in 1732, nearly fifty years after his de-
cease, to the heirs of his five children, the administrator
bought in 5000 acres valued at 18s. per acre, comprising
nearly the amount set off to him in the two checkers when
the division of the patent was made in 1681. The heirs,
one of whom was Patience Collins, wife of John, and only
surviving child of John Bonython, Jr., sold their interest
immediately after division to James Skinner, James Mor-
gan, and Humphrey Scamman. In 1735, Skinner, Morgan,
and the heirs of Scamman effected a division. Of the up-
per checker, Skinner had the upper third, next Buxton, the
heirs of Scamman next, and Morgan the lower. What re-
mained of the lower checker south of Nichols’ Brook was

divided in like manner.

 

The Foxiwell estate was divided among the heirs and as-
signs in 1732. The lower checker, set off to Foxwell and
Harmon, including Old Orchard Beach, was divided into
two equal portions, one mile each in width, by a northwest
line starting from the sea and running to the head of the
checker, a distance of two miles and fifty rods,—the Har-
mon heirs took the southwest portion, and the Foxwell
heirs the other. But a narrow strip of the Foxwell portion
of the checker now lics in Saco. Pepperell, as the repre-
sentative of Mrs. Corbain, heiress of Nathaniel Foxwell,
had a strip of seventy rods wide running from the marsh
to the upper line of the checker, and Mrs. Norton’s heirs
had a strip thirty-five rods wide running in the same direc-
tion. The marsh was divided separately from the upland.
The upper checker of Harmon and Foxwell was divided
into halves in the same manner by a line running northwest
and southeast, and the heirs or thcir representatives started
from the patent line and ran their lots to the middle of the
checker. The lowest lot was assigned to Pepperell, one
hundred and twenty-three rods wide; the next ninety-one
and a half rods to heirs of Lucretia Robinson, the next
ninety-one and a half to heirs of Mary Norton, the next
ninety-one and a half to heirs of Sarah Curtis, the next
ninety-one and a half to heirs of Esther Rogers, and the
last ninety-one and a half to Susannah Austin. As the
town line now runs, about two-thirds of this division is in
Scarborough.

In 1659, James Gibbins and H. Waddock arranged that
Waddock should have the point of land extending from the
river and the sea south of a straight line from the river to
the old wading place on Goosefair Brook, containing about
200 acres. Waddock’s widow sold this to Humphrey

‘Scamman in 1679.

A division of a portion of the Gibbins estate was made
in 1730, which consisted of two checkers besides the tri-
angular piece at the mouth of the Saco. The second
checker, on the eastern side of the patent between the two
Foxwell and Harmon lots, was divided into four equal
parts, each one hundred and forty-seven rods wide on the
patent line. The lowest was assigned to Rebecca Wakefield
and Patience Annable, the next above to Hannah Mace, the
next to Rachel Edgecomb, and the next, at the head of the
checker, to Elizabeth Sharpe. The privilege on Foxwell
Brook called Foxwell’s Falls the commissioners for the di-
vision said belonged to the heirs of Hannah Mace, Rebecca
Wakefield, and Patience Annable equally, and “is to be
divided” when they shall all come to set up a mill or mills
there. The upper cheker, in the northeastern part of the
town, more recently called the McKenney district, was left
in common to the heirs at this time. Descendants of Ra-
chel Edgecomb have remained in uninterrupted possession
of a portion of the Gibbins estate to the present.

THE PEPPERELL LANDS.

Pepperell sold but small portions of his immense interest
in town during his lifetime, and these a few house-lots
about the mill. Neither did he make any extensive im-
provements upon his property here. His part in the saw-
and grist-mills, a wharf and store or warehouse below the
Falls, a small house built on the spot where the Bartletts’
156 ~ HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

house stood, and which was used at.an early period for
the accommodation of travelers, are all that can be remem-
bered as his work. He was often in town dressed in scarlet
cloth trimmed with gold-lace. He always attended meeting
on Sunday when there, and was often at the house of Rev.
Mr. Morrill. Though traditionally not distinguished for
liberality, he frequently threw a guinea into the contribu-
tion box, invariably passed as a compliment to strangers
when present, and its collections were the minister's per-
quisite. Upon his death, in 1759, the schedule of his
property in town amounted to over 5500 acres, in the
following pieces: the mill-right, from Gray's line to Main
Street and two miles back, supposed to embrace 300 acres ;
a 100-acre lot one hundred rods from the first; Pepperell
half of the great lot, 1200 acres; Deep Brook lot, 700
acres; Guinea lot, 600 acres; Berry’s lot, 350 acres ; Long
Reach lot, 700 acres; Old Orchard lot, 490 acres; and an
interest in Foxwell’s right, 870 acres. This was all devised
to his grandson, William P. Sparhawk, on condition that
when he became of age he was to take the name of William
Pepperell.

The confiscation of the Pepperell estate took place by act
of General Court, 1779, in consequence of the adherence of
young Sir William to the crown. A life interest in the
Saco lands, devised by Sir William before his death to his
wife and daughter, was respected, and in exchange for it the
State assigned two-ninths in absolute property to them by
deed of 1788. Charles Chauncey was Lady Mary and her
daughter's agent, and Hon. David Sewall agent for the
commonwealth in the disposal of these lands. <A grant of
10 acres was made the town for a meeting-house, training-
field, and burying-ground. One acre for a meeting-house
Judge Sewall located where that of the first one was erected.
The other 9 acres were located contiguous to the other town
land. The land necessary for a wharf was purchased of the
agent about 1801, and a company formed to build it. The
other wharf—where Peppercll’s had stood—was built by
Messrs. Cleaves, Tucker, and Capt. Spring at the same
time. Col. Cutts bought largely of the confiscated lands.
The Pepperell hulf (about 1200 acres) of the great lot he
secured at different times, and also about 1000 acres of the
remainder of this tract. Half of the saw-mill owned by
Pepperell he purchased, with other portions of the confis-
cated property. :

LOUISBOURG EXPEDITION.

Of the citizens of this town who are remembcred to
have taken part in this expedition under Pepperell, were
Deacon Benjamin Haley, Benjamin Scamman, Nathaniel
Scamman, Andrew Stackpole, Roger Smith, Jonathan
Smith, Haven Tarbox, and Benjamin Mason.

REVOLUTION.

The first Committee of Correspondence and Safety for
this town was chosen Nov. 9, 1774, and consisted of Tris-
tram Jordan, Deacon Amos Chase, Paul Junkins, James
Foss, and James Scamman. Col. Cutts and Capt. Junkins
were chosen delegates to a county congress. A separate
committee of inspection was chosen, composed of T. Jordan,
Deacon A. Chase, R. Patterson, Deacon 8. Scamman, Jo-

 

seph Libby, Humphrey Pike, and Dominicus Scamman.
In 1775 the town was divided into four militia districts,
and those capable of bearing arms were exercised once a
week in military movements. The Committee of Safety, ete.,
in 1776, were T. Jordan, Deacon Chase, Deacon S. Scam-
man, Joseph Bradbury, and Richard Burke. The Com-
mittee of Safety, etc., in 1780, were Capt. Paul Junkins,
Elisha Ayer, Nicholas Dennet, James Foss, and Thomas
Deering. The last Committee of Safety was chosen in 1782,
and was composed of Col. James Scamman, Capt. Joseph
Bradbury, Lieut. Samuel Chase, Lieut. William Cole, and
Mr. James Coffin. Men, money, and food were liberally
contributed by the citizens of this town during the entire
war.

The following persons were in the Continental service
during some period of the war: John Googins, killed at
Hubbardston, Stephen Sawyer, son of David Sawyer, Sr.,
John Hooper, Abiel Beetle, Nicholas Davis, Jonathan Nor-
ton, Daniel Bryant, James Scamman, son of Ebenezer, John
Tucker, John Runnels, John Ridlon, John Carll, Ebenezer
Carll, Evans Carll, William Carll, sons of Robert, Levi Foss,
Richard Foss, sons of Walter, Zachariah Foss, and Elias,
sons of Joseph, John Duren, Anthony Starbird, William
Starbird, William Berry, James Evans, Samuel Sebastian,
Joseph Norton, Maj. Stephen Bryant, Josiah Davis, Joseph
Richards, Ephraim Ridlon, Stephen Googins, Thomas
Means, Solomon Hopkins, James Edgecomb, and Solomon
Libby.

A company raised from neighboring towns for a short
term, in 1776, commanded by Capt. John Elden, of Bux-
ton, did important service in fortifying Dorchester Heights.
Those in that company from this town were 2d Licut.
Samuel Scamman, afterwards deacon, Jerathuel Bryant,
John Muchmore, Daniel Field, David Clark, Abner Sawyer,
Joseph Norton, Andrew Patterson, David Sawyer, Jr.,
James Edgecomb, Robert Bond, Danicl Field, Jr., Abra-
ham Patterson, Moses Ayer, John Young, Hezekiah Young,
Joseph Patterson, William P. Moody, Samuel Dennet,
John Scamman, and Samuel Lowell.

Col. James Scamman led a regiment to Cambridge early
in 1775, and remained about a year. He was popular with
his men, aud had their confidence and good-will. He
failed to be at the battle of Bunker Hill, on the 17th June,
with his regiment, to which he was ordered, and reproach
for a time fell upon him ; but an investigation resulted in
his acquittal. At the end of a year he resigned, and re-
turned home, and subsequently engaged in trade with his
brother Nathaniel. He died in 1804, aged sixty-four. The
lines found inscribed on his tomb were furnished by the
Hon. Cyrus King:

“A man of infinite jest, of most excellent fancy.”
“This stone to strangers may impart
The place where Scamman lies;
But every friend consults his heart,
For there he never dies.”

The sloop “Squirrel,” of Saco, Capt. Alexander Paine,
with Robert White, second mate, sailed from Casco Bay in
February, 1783, and on the 23d of March following were taken
by a cruiser from the Algerine-Mole, and carried into Algiers
before the Dey, who proposed that if they would embrace
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HON. JOHN FAIRFIELD.

The history of Saco, or even that of York County and the
State, would be incomplete without a personal sketch of
the life and services of one of its most honored sons, the
late Governor John Fairfield, whose life was a high type of
the man, the citizen, the legislator, and the Christian. He
was born at Saco, Me., Jan. 13, 1797, and there ever re-
sided. Distinguished by an ardent love of knowledge, an
active mind, and great strength of purpose, on arriving at
manhood he devoted himself to the study of law, and
entered a profession which has contributed its full share in
the establishment and defense of constitutional liberty.
At the bar he soon acquired such reputation that in J une,
1832, he was appointed by the executive of the State
reporter of the decisions of the Supreme Judicial Court,

While in the successful performance of the duties of this
office he was called, in 1835, by the electors of the First
Congressional District, without solicitation on his part, to
represent them in Congress, and was re-elected in 1837.
His services were now demanded in a different direction.
He was elected Governor of his native State in 1838, and
thrice re-elected to the same exalted station. It was during
this period of his public life, when great and unusual respon-
sibilities were upon him as the chief executive of the State,
growing out of collisions with foreign power, that he dis-
played a decision and firmness of character which com-
manded the respect and fixed upon him the attention of
the whole country. He became emphatically the favorite
of the State, and resigned the governorship March 7, 1843,
to accept a seat in the United States Senate, made vacant
In 1845 he
received a re-election to the Senate for the term of six

by the resignation of Hon. Reuel Williams.

years. It may be remarked as a singular fact that in all
the offices he held he never served out the regular term,
but was transferred by promotion to a higher place. On
Dec. 24, 1847, during his term as senator, he was in his
usual health and met his friends with his accustomed cheer-
fulness and cordiality. At noon he submitted to a surgical
operation to which, with undoubting confidence, he had
looked for relief from an infirmity under which he had
labored. His physical energies were not equal to his
courage and fortitude. His system sank under the abated
anguish which followed, and at twenty minutes before eight
o'clock in the evening, in the full possession of his mind,
he breathed his last.

The characteristics and worth of Governor Fairfield can
be better and more appropriately expressed by quotations
from addresses of his colleagues and those intimately ac-
quainted with his life, on the occasion of his death.

 

Hon. James W. Bradbury, of Maine, addressed the
Senate as follows:

“Tneed not speak of his honorable career in this body. You will
bear witness to the sound judgment and ready zeal which he brought to
the discharge of his varied duties; to that honesty of purpose which
knows no guile; to that frankness and sincerity incapable of conceal-
ment; to that firmness of resolution which no difficulties could shake
nor dangers overcome; and to that purity of life and conscientious
regard to his convictions of right which distinguished him as a man
and a Christian.”

Senator Niles said:

“Tf he was not a brilliant star in our political galaxy, he was all
he claimed to be,—a plain, unassuming man, never attempting to
shine or to attract attention to himself, but with his strong sense,
sound judgment, and practical views, was content with an honest and
faithful discharge of his public duties. He was true to his constitu-
ents, true to his country, faithful to his party, and faithful to his
principles.”

Correspondence of the Herald prior to his death:

“Governor Fairfield, of Maine, is a man whose noble heart beat for
his country when the British invaded the territory of his native State,
and it was he who stood nobly for her rights, her honor, and her glory
during the timid administration of Martin Van Buren. I have care-
fully studied his character, and believe that we have few more patriotic,
and none more honest. He is one of the strongest men in the Senate.
I look upon him as one of the last of the seventy-sixers in everything
that dignifies a patriot and gives force to a statesman; and the only
thing that I regret is that we have not moresuchmen. Like Dickenson °
of New York, he seems to represent the purer and younger Democracy,
and to have cut loose from the worn-out hacks of the party. They
both will yet write their names, if not beguiled by the seductions of
place and honor, in letters of glory upon the brightest page of their
country’s fame.”

Representative Hammons:

“Governor Fairfield was emphatically a self-made man. By his
own industry and exertions he acquired an education, studied law,
and at an early day took rank among the first of his profession. His
fine talents and affable deportment soon attracted public attention.
. . . His public career was not long, but brilliant. . . . He possessed
in an eminent degree all the elements of popularity.”

He married, Sept. 5, 1825, Anna Paine, daughter of Dr.
Thomas G. Thornton, of Saco, who was United States
marshal during the war of 1812-14. His children are
George A., Sarah, wife of B. F. Hamilton, of Saco, Hamp-
den, Martha W., Lucy, wife of E. F. Dodge, Minnesota,
John W., Annie P., wife of C. M. Perkins.

Hampden Fairfield received his preparatory education in
Saco high school, and graduated at Bowdoin College in
1857. He read law with Moses Emery, of Saco, and was
admitted to the bar in 1860.
ford and Kennebunkport for several years, was elected
clerk of courts in 1867 for three years, and in 1871 re-

moved to Saco, where he remains in the practice of his

He was in practice at San-

profession.
CITY OF SACO. 157

the Mohammedan religion they should have their liberty; but
if not, they should be immediately sent as slaves on board a
row-galley, to be chained to an oar all their lives. Their
answer, in which they said they “had always found their
God a good and just God,” and that they “had rather en-
dure punishment than forsake him,” so enraged the Dey,
that he immediately ordered the captain and first mate to
be sent to the mines, while the second mate and eighteen
men were sent on board a cruising row-galley of twenty-six
eight-pounders, and there chained to their oars.

They were here kept on a short allowance of goat-flesh and
coarse bran-bread, without any shelter from the inclement
weather, for four years and nine months.

About the 20th of December, 1787, a French frigate, of
forty-eight guns, commanded by M. John Le Cotte, engaged
their vessel, and after firing several broadsides, grappled
them. When the Algerines saw that they were to be taken,
they fell upon their prisoners with cutlasses and bayonets,
and continued their butchery until overpowered by the
French. Only seven were left alive. After ordering the
Algerine barbarians put to death, their vessel was scuttled.
The seven survivors were taken to Bordeaux, in France,
where they were kept until their wounds were healed, when
they were sent to New York. Here they arrived in Feb-
ruary, 1790, and immediately set out on foot for Saco, beg-
ging their victuals by the way.

Capt. Paine and the first mate remained in the mines.

WAR OF 1812.

The last war with Great Britain was not so popular in
Maine as in some sections of the country. The require-
menis of the general government were met, but not in very
noticeable excess. The immense shipping interests of all
the shore towns in this State were prostrated by the war,
and many were ruined by it. Foxwell Cutts, son of the
colonel, for several years prior to the war was largely inter-
ested in navigation, and his large and costly ships were en-
gaged in a profitable freighting business to various parts of

the world.
REBELLION.

During the Rebellion, this town, in common with others,
stood nobly by the government, and its sons went into the
different arms of the service to aid in maintenance of the

nation’s life. (See military record of the town.)

SURFACE AND SOIL.

The surface is generally level, and a large proportion of
it susceptible of cultivation. In the centre of the town is
a large bog, containing about 1000 acres, called the Heath,
from which several small streams take their rise. On one of
these—Foxwell’s Brook, in the southeast—there is a beau-
tiful waterfall, some 60 feet in descent, surrounded by wild
and romantic scencry. ‘The soil is good for corn and hay,
which are the leading agricultural productions. Good clay
is found in some parts, from which an excellent quality of
brick is made.

TRAVELING FACILITIES.

The first roads, other than the one along the sea-shore,
were made from landing-places on the river into the woods,

 

for the purpose of hauling logs to raft to the mills at the
Falls. The different proprietors laid out or extended these
roads to suit their convenience, and in course of time they
came to be used as public highways. The way laid out by
the partners in 1718, from their mill at the Falls to the
middle line of the patent, was made a public road and ex-
tended to the Scarborough line in 1754. It is now the
post-road to Portland. The Buxton road was laid out the
same year. Communication between settlements on each
side of the river was kept up by means of ferries till about
1757, when the Lottery bridge was built, connecting Factory
Island with Saco, and in 1767 Col. Cutts, Deacon Chase,
Thomas Gilpatrick, Jr., and Benjamin Nason built one
joining the island to Biddeford. In 1785 a freshet swept
off both bridges, but they were rebuilt again. In 1774
the road from Old Orchard to the Ferry road and the
Boom road were laid out. The western Spring Island
bridge was built by Capt. Seth Spring about 1795, and the
eastern one in 1797-98. Later came the introduction of
railroads. The Portland, Saco and Portsmouth, and the
extension of the Boston and Maine, supply the town with
these excellent modes of modern travel. The Saco and
Boston Steamboat Company .was incorporated in 1867,
having for its object a line of steamers between the two
cities.
CIVIL LIST.

SELECTMEN.

The following are the names of the selectmen of the town
of Saco from the incorporation to the adoption of the city
charter:

1762-67, Tristram Jordan, Amos Chase, Robert Patterson; 1767-69,
Tristram Jordan, Thomas Cutts, Joseph Libby; 1769, Tristram
Jordan, Amos Chase, Joseph Libby; 1770, Amos Chase, Joseph
Libby, Robert Patterson; 1771, Thomas Cutts, Amos Chase, Tris-
tram Jordan; 1772-74, Amos Chase, Tristram Jordan, Robert
Patterson; 1780, Humphrey Pike, Richard Burke, Robert Carll;
1781-84, Samuel Secamman, Richard Burke, Humphrey Pike;
1784-87, Samuel Scamman, Humphrey Pike, Joseph Bradbury ;
1787, Samuel Scamman, Humphrey Pike, 8. Boothby; 1788-90,
Samuel Scamman, James Coffin, Humphrey Pike; 1790-92,
Samuel Scamman, Humphrey Pike, Josiah Fairfield; 1792-94,
Humphrey Pike, Joseph Bradbury, Josiah Fairfield; 1794, Jo-
siah Fairfield, James Coffin, Humphrey Pike; 1795, Joseph
Bradbury, James Coffin, Nicholas Dennett; 1796, James Coffin,
Nicholas Dennett, Joseph Bradbury ; 1797, James Coffin, Nicholas
Dennett, James Gray, Jr.; 1798-1801, Samucl Scamman, Nich-
olas Dennett, James Gray, Jr.; 1801, James Gray, Jr., Joseph
Bradbury, Ichabod Fairfield; 1802, James Gray, Jr., Joseph
Bradbury, Edmund Moody; 1803-6, Joseph Bradbury, Edmund
Moody, Benjamin Pike; 1806, Samuel Scamman, Thos. Means,
Bracy Banks; 1807, James Gray, Thomas Means, Jos. Morrill ;
1808, Edmund Moody, Aaron Scamman, Benjamin Pike; 1809-
11, Edmund Moody, Aaron Scamman, Benjamin Pike ;- 1811-15,
Benjamin Pike, Aaron Scamman, Tristram Jordan, Jr.; 1815-1 9,
Tristram Jordan, Jr., William Moody, Benjamin: Pike; 1819,
Tristram Jordan, Jr., Aaron Scamman, Samuel Nye; 1820, Ste-
phen Fairfield, George Scamman, Samuel Nye; 1821-24, Benj.
Pike, Aaron Scamman, George Scamman; 1824, Benjamin Pike,
George Secamman, George Parcher; 1825, Benjamin Pike, George
Scamman, George Parcher; 1826-31, Benjamin Pike, George
Parcher, Samuel J. Jordan; 1831, Benjamin-Pike, George Scam-
man, Cotton Bradbury; 1832-36, George Scamman, Cotton Brad-
bury, Nathan Hopkinson; 1836-39, Cotton Bradbury, Tristram
Jordan, Jr., Jonathan King; 1839-41, Cotton Bradbury, Nathan
Hopkinson, Frederic Greene; 1841, George Scamman, John F.
Scamman, Robert Cleaves; 1842-45, Cotton Bradbury, John F.
Scamman, Fleming Hill; 1845, Cotton Bradbury, Gideon Tucker,
158 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

Elias Parcher; 1846, Cotton Bradbury, Charles Hill, Fleming
Hill; 1847-50, Cotton Bradbury, Nathaniel M. Towle, Nathan
Hopkinson ; 1850, Nathaniel M. Towle, Nathan Hopkinson, John
Gains ; 1851-54, Cotton Bradbury, Charles Hill, Seth Scamman ;
1854, Charles Hill, Seth Scamman, Ebenezer Cleaves; 1855, Seth
Scamman, Moses Lowell, Ebenezer Cleaves; 1856, Seth Scamman,
Moses Lowell, Cornelius Sweetser; 1857-59, Cornelius Sweetser,
Ivory Lord, David Fernald; 1859-61, Cornelius Sweetser, David
Fernald, Henry Simpson; 1861-63, David Fernald, Henry Simp-
son, Henry J. Rice; 1863-65, David Fernald, Moses Lowell, Ivory
Lord; 1865, Cornelius Sweetser, Jason W. Beatty, George Par-
cher; 1866, George Parcher, Chas. Littlefield, Jas. M. Burbank.

TOWN CLERKS FOR THE SAME PERIOD. .

1762-90, Tristram Jordan; 1790-97, Humphrey Pike; 1797-1809,
James Gray, Jr.; 1809-25, Benjamin Pike; 1825-33, James
Gray ; 1833, James Gray and Jokn Chadwick ; 1834-36, John
Chadwick; 1836-44, George Sutherland; 1844-58, Abraham
Forsskol ; 1858-66, Joseph L. Milliken.

TOWN TREASURERS FROM 1762 To, 1867.

Ebenezer Ayer, 1762-72; Col. Thomas Cutts, 1772-94; Samuel
Scamman, 1794-1814; Capt. Samuel Moody, 1814-19; Hon.
William Moody, 1819-22; Daniel Granger, 1822-24; Jonathan
Tucker, Jr., 1824-32 ; John Chadwick, 1832-55; John C. Brad-
bury, 1855-65; William Perkins, 1865; David Tuxbury, 1866,

CITY GOVERNMENT.

A charter incorporating Saco as a city was approved
Feb. 5, 1867. At the first municipal election thereafter,
March 18th, Joseph Hobson was chosen mayor. His suc-
cessors have been: James M. Deering, 1868 ; Moses Lowell,
1869-70 ; Oliver Dyer, 1871 ; Edward P. Baroban 1872-
73; Geese A. Carter, 1874— 1B ; Paul Chadbourne, 1876 ;
rea EL. Foss, 1877; Oliver C. Clark, 1878-79. Joseph L.
Milliken, who held the office of town clerk nine years pre-
vious to fra city incorporation, has been clerk of the city
since its organization to the present time.

The following have been judges of the Municipal Court:
Frederick Greene, 1849-52 ;* George A. Emery, 1867-71 ;
Samuel F. Chase, 1871- 73; George A. Emery, recorder,
acting judge, 1873; John 8. Derby, 1874-78; Samuel F.
Chase, 1878-82.

EARLY MERCHANTS.

The first traders of note were Tristram Jordan, Andrew
Bradstreet, Thomas Cutts, Thomas Donnell, and David
King. Sir William Pepperell built a wharf and warehouse,
and became largely interested in the trade as well as the
lands of Saco.

DANIEL CLEAVES, Esq., one of the most successful
merchants in this quarter, came from Danvers, Mass., to
Saco in 1790, with a small stock of goods, and commenced
business in a building which stood near the subsequent
residence of Capt. Warren. He afterwards built the store
which was at a later day occupied by Mr. S. Adams, and
in 1797 formed a partnership with Jonathan Tucker which
lasted sixteen years. Mr. Cleaves married Sarah, daughter
of Rev. John Fairfield, in 1795. He died in 1817, in the
forty-seventh year of his age.

JosepH LELAND was for many years a merchant in
Saco. He was born in Massachusetts, Dec. 30, 1756;
was in the Revolutionary army, from Grafton, fro 1775

te Court then. abolished till the sloniien of the city charter.

 

to 1783, and was an ensign and lieutenant. Soon after
the peace he came to Phillipsburg, now Sanford, engaged
in merchandise at Little Falls, whence he removed to Saco.
He married, Dec. 28, 1786, Dorcas, daughter of Richard
King, of Scarborough. She died Oct. 6, 1833, aged sixty-
seven years. She was sister of Governor William King and
Gen. Cyrus King, and half-sister of Hon. Rufus King, of
New York. They had ten children. Elizabeth K. mar-
ried, in 1816, Rev. Nathan Lord, who was President of
Dartmouth College from 1828 to 1863. Harriet married,
in 1814, Hon. William Richardson, of Bath. Sarah mar-
ried Abel Boynton, Esq., and afterwards Judge Edward
Parker, of New Hampshire. Mary S. married, in 1819,
B. F. French, Esq., of Lowell. (For Joseph W. Leland,
see Bench and Bar in this work.)

Joseph Leland was a senator, under Massachusetts, in
1805 and 1808. (See civil list.)

EARLY PHYSICIANS.

The first physician known with certainty to have settled
in town was Dr. Samuel White, Esq. (for he was a magis-
trate as well as a physician), who came from York, about
1750. The early practice of medicine in this town was by
females, who, with a few simple remedies and careful nurs-
ing, supplied the place of physicians. Surgical aid, when
required, was obtained from the larger towns. Doctors
Parker, Clement, Jackson, and Pierce, of Portsmouth,
Lyman, of York, and Nathaniel Coffin, of Portland, were
sought in extreme and obstinate cases.

The next physician was Dr. Donald Cummings,.a man
of considerable celebrity. He was a native of Scotland,
and came to America as a surgeon in the British army.
He settled on the east side of Saco River in 1755, but
moved afterwards to the mill-brow west of the Falls. He
married, Dec. 30, 1755, Mrs. Elizabeth, widow of William
Cole. He was thrown from his horse and killed near the
Pool, on the night of April 1, 1774, while returning home
from a visit to the house of Capt. Samuel Jordan, at Win-
ter Harbor. He left three sons,—James, Donald, and Na-
thaniel.

The next physician who settled here was Dr. Josiah
Fairfield, a cousin of the minister. He came about™1770,
but soon relinquished the general practice of his profession
to engage in mercantile pursuits. During the Revolution-
ary war he fitted out privateers. He died of consumption,
1794, aged forty-seven.

Dr. Thomas G. Thornton came in 1791. In 1793 he
married Sarah, daughter of Col. Thomas Cutts, and soon
after engaged in mercantile pursuits. He was a son of
Timothy Thornton, of Boston, born Aug. 31, 1769. In
1795, 1796, 1798, and 1803 he was a representative in the
General Court of Massachusetts. He was appointed United
States marshal of Maine in 1803, and discharged the duties
of that office till his death, March 4, 1824.

Dr. John Allen, from England, commenced practice here
in 1796; he died in 1825.

Dr. Richard Cutts Shannon graduated at Harvard, in
1795; studied medicine with Dr. Jacob Kittredge, of Dover,
N. H., and at first obtained a position as surgeon in the navy.
This he resigned, and settled here in the fall of 1800. He
 

Photo. by McKennvy, Saco.

ee Ve
/

TRISTRAM JORDAN (Tristram,* Tristram,‘ Samuel,’ Do-
minicus,’ Rev. Robert Jordan‘), born in Saco, July 19,
1798, is sixth in descent from Rev. Robert Jordan, of the
English Episcopal Church, who came to New England and
settled at Richmond Island, Cape Elizabeth, in the year
1640.

He was born in 1601; married the only daughter of
Capt. John Winter, who had occupied the island for fur
trading with the Indians. Of this union were born six
sons, from whom the Jordans in this country are mostly
descended. The Rev. Robert Jordan was persecuted by
the Puritans of Massachusetts, driven away by the Indians,
and died in Portsmouth, N. H., in 1679. His third son,
Dominicus, married Hannah Tristram, of Saco, by whom he
had three sons and three daughters. Of these, Capt. Sam-
uel, born in 1684, married Olive Plaisted, of Berwick, and
settled on Parker's Neck in 1717. He did much to pro-
mote the growth and prosperity of the town, was a man of
great enterprise, and was engaged in business for many
years. At the conference of Governor Shute with the tribes
on Arrowsic, in 1717, Capt. Jordan was employed as inter-
preter, having been in his earlier life in captivity for several]
years. Of his children, one son, Rishworth, born in 1719,
died in 1808. He was judge of the Court of Common
Pleas from 1775 to 1797, and clerk of Biddeford for many
years.

Tristram, grandfather of our subject, was youngest son,
born in 1731; married, in 1749, Hannah Goodwin, of Ber-
He owned a small vessel and traded between Boston
and Halifax. Subsequently he became one of the earliest
traders in Saco, being there as early as 1749. He was
known by his military title as Col. Jordan. He was a
member of the Massachusetts Senate from Saco, in 1787,
during the exciting period of the Revolutionary war, but
he was best known as a magistrate and performed the

wick.

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duties of that office until quite advanced in life. He died
in 1821.

His seventh child, Tristram, born in 1768, married, Jan-
uary, 1791, Sarah, daughter of Deacon Samuel Scamman.
She was born in 1768, and died in 1821. Tristram Jordan
was a man of high moral worth, was a citizen much es-
teemed, and for many years filled offices of trust and re-
sponsibility in Saco. His general business was farming.
His children were Samuel 8.; Hannah G., wife of Enoch
Goodale ; Sarah, died in infancy ; Tristram; Elizabeth, wife
of Joshua Perkins, of Kennebunk ; Rev. William V. Jor-
dan, a graduate of Bowdoin in the class of 1831, entered
the ministry in 1836 as a Congrezational clergyman, and
retired from regular ministerial work in 1870; Dominicus ;
and Sarah O., wife of Isaac H.Scamman. ‘Tristram, second
son, married, Oct. 6, 1830, Maranda O., daughter of Stephen
and Olive Sawyer, of Saco. Their children are Sarah
Lucy, widow of the late William Boardman, and Maranda
O., wife of Oliver H. Moulton, of Lowell, Mass. Mrs.
Jordan died in March, 1835. Second, he married, Jan. 22,
1839, Miss Mary, daughter of Ichabod Jordan, of Saco.
Of this union there is one son, James Coffin Jordan, a
resident at Old Orchard, Me.

During his early manhood Mr. Jordan was engaged for
several years in surveying lands in the eastern part of
Maine. About 1828 he began trade in Hollis, but soon
afterwards went to Biddeford, where he was engaged in
trade until about 1845, during which time he was also in-
terested in navigation, was a part owner of several vessels,
and built one ship called the “ Pepperell.” He was presi-
dent of the Manufacturers’ Bank of Saco for many years,
and held various town offices. Mr. Jordan, like his ances-
tors, was an active, enterprising business man, and a pro-
moter of the best interests of society. He was a man of
great firmness, decision, and force of character.
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CAPT. SAMUEL HARTLEY

was born in Boston in 1770, and came to Saco while a young
man, as he is found here in 1786. He married Hannah,
daughter of the late Rev. John Fairfield, who for some forty
years was an accepted pastor of the Congregational Church
at Saco.

During the war for independence Capt. Hartley was on a
vessel commanded by Capt. Solomon Coit. The vessel was
captured by a British sloop-of-war, taken to Halifax, and all
on board held as prisoners-of- war until exchanged. He had
a desire to follow the sea from boyhood. For many years he
was mate, and from 1796 to 1812 was in command of a vessel
sailing from Saco, and from Richmond, Va., to Liverpool,
England For two years, during the embargo placed upon
American commerce in 1808, Capt. Hartley was shut up in
Charleston, S. C. After the close of the war of 1812, he
abandoned his voyages to Europe and confined himself to a
coasting trade, and during the remainder of his life he was
engaged in maritime and commercial pursuits. ;

Capt. Hartley was well known to the citizens of Saco asa
man of great force of character, correct habits, unswerving
integrity of purpose in all his business relations, exact in the
performance of every duty, and acted with a due regard for
the rights of others. His executive ability was marked in
the management of his own affairs, and his care and zeal to
do well what he undertook was a special characteristic of him.
During his long experience as a navigator his care and man-
agement was such that among the many opportunities for
accident at sea he never lost a vessel nor ever was shipwrecked.
From a boy activity, industry, and economy were prominent
in his life, and although unassisted pecuniarily in early life,
he became by his own plans and exertions a successful busi-
ness man. He never sought political notoriety or the emolu-
ments of office, although firm in his views of party principles,
but preferred the quiet of a business life.

Capt. Hartley was a trustee of Saco and Biddeford Savings
Institution from 1827-49; director of the Saco Bank in 1811,
and from 1814-38; director of insurance company, 1827-28;
and trustee of Thornton Academy from 1811-26. He died
in 1857. His children are three sons and three daughters,
viz.. Samuel (deceased); John F., ex-assistant Secretary

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Photo. by A. S. McKenney, Saco.

United States Treasury ; Capt. Richard F.C., president York
National Bank, Saco; Mary G. (deceased); Mrs. Dr. Henry
B. C. Green; and Mrs. Thomas G. Odiorne (deceased).

JOHN F. HARTLEY,

second son of Capt. Samuel and Hannah (Fairfield) Hartley,
was born in Saco June 13, 1809. He received his preparatory
education at Saco Academy ; entered Bowdoin College in 1825,
from which he graduated with the usual honors in 1829.
He read Jaw in the office of Messrs. John & Ether Shepley,
of Saco; was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Saco,
but after a short time removed to Portland, where he was
engaged in practice until 1838, in the mean time contributing
to the newspaper press of that city. In that year he received
an appointment as clerk in the Treasury Department at
Washington, D. C., under Hon. Levi Woodbury, secretary,
and during the administration of President Van Buren. He
was appointed chief clerk, in 1868, by the late Salmon P.
Chase, Secretary of the Treasury, which position he retained
until 1865, when he was appointed assistant Secretary of the
Treasury by President Johnson, and continued to discharge
the duties of that office until May, 1875, when he resigned
and visited Europe, making the tour of England, France,
Italy, and Switzerland.

In 1867, Mr. Hartley received from Norwich University,
Vermont, the honorary degree of LL.D.

Upon his retirement from official duties he returned to his
native city, and took up his residence at the old homestead,
occupied by his father immediately after his marriage, the
property having been in the family nearly a century.

Mr. Hartley married first, Martha F., daughter of Jona-
than and Margaret (Hill) King, of Saco. She died in 1846;
and for his second he married, in 1850, Miss Mary D. King,
sister of his first wife. Her father was a respected and well-
known resident of Saco, and for many years president of
York Bank.

Mr. Hartley’s children are: Edward, alawyer in New York
City; John, a captain in the United States army; Martha,
wife of Hon. Levi H Coit, late United States consul at Va-
lencia, Spain, died in that country ; and Frank, a student in
the College of Physicians and Surgeons of New York.
CITY OF SACO. 159

 

died suddenly, April 19, 1828, very much lamented. Dur-

ing a period of nearly twenty-eight years, he was the prin-
cipal physician of the town, and at the time of his death
was deacon of the First Church.

BRIEF MENTION.

Among other citizens not specially mentioned elsewhere,
the following are entitled to notice in the history of Saco:
John F. Scamman, representative to the Twenty-ninth Con-
gress in 1845; Wm. B. Hartwell, State secretary, 1845 ;
Seth Scamman, president of the State Senate, 1858 ; Edwin
B. Smith, speaker of House, 1871, and now assistant
attorney-general of the United States at Washington.

Mr. Folsom, in his history, mentions the following classi-
cally-educated residents of Saco: Caldwalder Gray, grad-
uate of Harvard, 1784, a merchant at the Falls, and after-
wards of Buxton; James Gray (Harvard, 1786) ; Richard
Cutts, A.M. (Harvard, 1790), Washington, D. C.; Na-
thaniel Coffin, A.M. (Dartmouth, 1799), removed to Wis-
casset ; Seth Storer, A.M. (Bowdoin, 1807), Scarborough,
office at Saco; Daniel Tristram Granger (Bowdoin, 1826);
Joseph W. Leland (Bowdoin, 1826), removed to Newfield ;
Ichabod Goodwin Jordan (Bowdoin, 1827); John Fair-
field Hartley (Bowdoin, 1829); Albert Gallatin Lane
(Waterville, 1827), removed to Belfast. The number of
men educated at college resident in Saco in 1830 was fif-
teen, viz., five from Harvard, one from Dartmouth, and
nine from Bowdoin. At that time there were in Bowdoin
College George W. Cole, William Vaughan Jordan, Seth
Storer Green, and Henry Goodkin Storer.

Benjamin Pike was a blacksmith and a self-made man.
He was selectman of the town of Saco 1803 to 1806, 1808,
1819, 1821 to 1825, 1826 to 1832; town clerk 1809 to
1824; representative in Massachusetts Legislature 1807 to
1817, and 1819; senator in 1831 and 1832, and at the
time of his death, July 14, 1832, aged sixty-two.

Gideon Tucker, son of Jonathan and Hannah (Scam-
man) Tucker, was born June 4, 1802, and graduated at
Harvard College, in 1820, at the age of eighteen. He was
a representative in the Legislature in 1829, 1844, 1846,
and 1850, councilor in 1854, and senator in 1862. He
married, Dec. 30, 1847, Miss Caroline Atkinson ; died Oct.
17, 1863.

Col. John Spring, son of Capt. Seth Spring, who died in
Biddeford, Oct. 11, 1839, was born May 16,1782. He
was sheriff of the county in 1830, and representative in
1824 and 1825. He married, in 1804, Olive, daughter of
Capt. Seth Storer.

Col. James M. Burbank died at Saco, April 26, 1875,
aged sixty-three years and four months. He came from
Springvale about 1860; was representative in the Legis-
lature from Waterborough in 1845 ; sheriff of the county,
1859, 1860, 1863, 1864; senator, 1868; city marshal in
1871; candidate for sheriff, 1856, 1860, 1864, 1866 ; for
senator, 1869; and for mayor, 1868, 1869.

CHURCHES OF SACO.
CONGREGATIONAL.

The people on both sides of the river had attended
upon the ministrations of pastors on the Biddeford side

 

up to 1752, when Sir William Pepperell, having donated

four acres of land for building a meeting-house, a school-
house, and for a burying-place, “and for no other use
or purpose whatever,” the inhabitants, in April of that
year, obtained consent of the town to be set off as a parish.

The following year a frame for a meeting-house was
erected, and in the course of two or three years was finished,
and by consent of the town, Mr. Morrill was permitted to
preach in it one-third of the time. He thus partially filled
the desk till 1761, when Mr. John Fairfield was employed
on a temporary engagement, and in October a church of
11 members was organized. Mr. John Fairfield became
pastor of it by ordination, Oct. 27, 1762. His labors being
blessed by an increased membership of but nine during a
ministry of thirty-six years, he asked a dismission in April,
1798, and means were taken to procure another candidate.
Mr. Elihu Whitcomb preached on probation till April,
1799, when the town decided to settle him. But three male
members could be found at this time. As Mr. Fairfield’s
pastoral relations had not been regularly dissolved, it was
agreed to refer the matter to the same council called for the
ordination of Mr. Whitcomb. This convened July 3, 1799,
and dissolved the connection of one, and established the re-
lation of the other the same day. Mr. Whitcomb remained
till the summer of 1810, when he was dismissed. On Octo-
ber 24th of that year the Rev. Jonathan Cogswell was
ordained. The church then consisted of 28 members. Dur-
ing Mr. Cogswell’s ministry it was increased nearly four-
fold. His relation with the town existed till 1825, when
the society was-constituted a distinct parish, and he remained
the society’s pastor till, induced by the failure of his health,
he resigned, October, 1828. His was a laborious but suc-
cessful ministry of almost eightcen years. His successor,
Rev. Samuel Johnson, a graduate of Bowdoin, 1817, was
installed Nov. 5, 1828, and dismissed Feb. 17, 1836. His
successor, Samuel Hopkins, was installed the day of his
dismission, and remained pastor till Nov. 26, 1844. Ed-
ward S. Dwight succeeded by ordination Dec. 25, 1844,
and was dismissed Aug. 17, 1852. Francis B. Wheeler
was installed Dec. 5, 1854, dismissed March 2, 1859.
Charles B. Rice, ordained Dec. 7, 1859, dismissed Nov. 26,
1861.

Edward D. Rand was employed as stated supply three
months of 1863; and Sept. 21, 1864, John H. Winsor
was installed pastor, and remained till 1870, when Rev. Ben-
son M. Frink, the present pastor, was installed January
30th.

The first deacons were Awos Chase and Gershom Bil-
lings, chosen in 1763. Deacon Billings removing from
town, Samuel Scamman was chosen, June 16, 1764, to fill
his place. James Gray, chosen Oct. 27,1810. Dr. Richard
C. Shannon, March 5, 1820, in place of Deacon Scamman,
who was aged, and about to move out of the village. Jo-
seph M. Hayes, James Rumery, and Francis Wood, chosen
Dec. 27, 1828. James Montgomery, Dr. James 8. Good-
win, and Seth Scamman, chosen Sept. 13, 1843. Philip
Eastman, Dominicus Jordan, and Charles C. Sawyer, chosen
1855, and Ivory Dame, chosen Jan. 30,1856. The origi-
nal members at organization were John Fairfield, Robert

| Patterson, Robert Edgecomb, Samuel Banks, Magnus Rid-
160 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

lon, Thomas Edgecomb, Tristram Jordan, Amos Chase,
Robert Patterson, Jr., Andrew Bradstreet, and Gershom
Billings.

The first meeting-house, as already stated, was built about
1753. This continued in use till a new one was built in
1803, and dedicated in 1806. At that time it was consid-
ered the most elegant church edifice in the State. It cost
$18,000. It received repairs and alterations several times,
and was about as good as new when it was burned, July 8,
1860. The present beautiful edifice was commenced in
1862, and dedicated July 8, 1863. This church is in a
flourishing condition, and numbers at present 210 members.

A dinner was given at the expense of the town upon the
occasion of Mr, Fairfield’s ordination, prepared by Ebenezer
Ayer, of which 90 persons partook. Among other items
provided for the entertainment was one barrel of beer, two
gallons of rum, and two quarts of brandy. Mr. Fairfield
was a graduate of Harvard, 1757, and descended from good
Puritan stock. July 20, 1762, he married Mary, widow of
Foxwell Curtis Cutts and daughter of Ichabod Goodwin, of
South Berwick.

TRINITY CHURCH—EPISCOPAL.

The earliest religious society of any kind in the old town
of Saco was Episcopalian, or Church of England. Rich-
ard Vines and his associates, among the first colonists, were
strongly of that faith, and availed’ themselves of the serv-
ices of the first Episcopal clergymen who visited or settled
in the country. Among these were Rev. Richard Gibson
and Rev. Robert Jordan, both of whom, probably, at an
early time officiated at Winter Harbor. The following
interesting document will show that services were held
with some regularity soon after the first permanent settle-
ment: ‘1636, 7 ber (Septem-ber) 7. The Booke of
Rates for the Minister, to be paide quarterly, the first pay-
ment to begin at Michaelmas next (Sept. 29). Capt. Rich-
ard Bonython, £3; Richard Vines, £3; Thomas Lewis,
£3; Henry Boade, £2; John Wadlin, £2; Thomas Wil-
liams, £2,” and fifteen others, amounting in all to £31 15s.,
—dquite a liberal salary for the circumstances of the settle-
ment and the times. Mr. Gibson remained with them un-
til 1640 or 1641, when he went to Portsmouth. In 1642
he was summoned to Boston to answer to the charge of
performing certain clerical duties, especially baptizing chil-
dren, contrary to the laws of the Massachusetts Colony.
He was held in custody several days, but as he was soon to
leave New England, he was finally discharged without pun-
ishment.

Mr. Gibson was succeeded by the Rev. Robert Jordan.
How long his ministration continued is not definitely known,
but it was for some time after the province of Maine was
formally united with the Massachusetts colony, which took
place in 1653-58. Already, however, many of the Puritan
faith had settled in this region, as in all the province of
Maine, and with constantly-increasing numbers and pro-
portion, and with them, of course, came clergymen of their
own faith. Mr. Jordan, in 1657, was summoned before the
General Court of Massachusetts, to answer to the charge of
baptizing children and practicing the rites of the Church of
England, contrary to the authority of that colony. He was

 

also “ presented” several times before the local courts for
opposition to the authority of Massachusetts, but yiclded to
that authority in 1658, after the signing of the article of
toleration by the Massachusetts commissioners, which he
and Henry Jocelyn, of Scarborough, insisted upon as one
of the conditions of submission. The article reads as fol-
lows: “That none of the privileges hereby granted and
secured shall ever be forfeited by reason of any difference
in matters of religion, nor be affected otherwise than by
known and established penal Jaws formerly established by
the General Court.” Adopted at the house of Robert Jor-
dan, in Spurwink, now Cape Elizabeth, July 13, 1658.

Just where Mr. Gibson and Mr. Jordan held services in
the Saco settlement we do not know. The church edi-
fices, if they had any,—and doubtless they had,—were
most likely temporary in their character, and they have all
disappeared and not a trace of them remains. All that we
find on record is this: A certain spot, mentioned in the
bounding of an estate at “ Winter Harbor,’’—the Pool, or
Lower Biddeford,—in 1642, is called “ Church Point ;”
and so it is quite probable that a church building may have
stood there.

We may remark here, as an interesting item, that a bap-
tismal font, of brass and beautifully ornamented, which was
used by Mr. Jordan, has been preserved by his descendants
living in the town of Scarborough, and has recently been
put into the keeping of the Maine Historical Society.

After the services of Mr. Jordan ceased at Winter Har-
bor no further effort appears to have been made to keep up
the church. Most of the Church of England people left
the place or united with the Congregationalists, and there
was an interval of more than one hundred and fifty years
before the establishment of the present Trinity Parish of
Saco.

In the winter and early spring of 1827, the Rev. E. M. P.
Wells, of Boston, now Dr. Wells, was invited by the mission-
ary committee of Maine to visit Saco, which he did, holding
his first service in March, in Mozart Hall, but subsequently
the services were held in Nye’s Hall. Dr. Wells died re-
cently in Boston at an advanced age. On the 22d of March,
of the same year, a petition for the incorporation of a parish
was issued, signed by the following persons: N. W. Put-
nam, Charles Hayes, T. G. Odiorne, John A. Blake, John
Chadwick, Charles T. Mixer, Charles J. Folsom, John Mc-
Arthur, Christopher Bassett, Jr. Henry J. Raymond,
William S. Gookin, David H. Cole, Isaac Emery, Charles
Rolfe, John F. Scamman, Jabez Woodsum.

Om the 30th of March the parish was duly organized
under the name of “ Trinity Church.” The following were
the first wardens and vestrymen: John Chadwick, John F.
Scamman, wardens ; Isaac Emery, Amos G. Goodwin, John
A. Blake, George Packard, Charles Hayes, vestrymen.
The services had been and were now held in the hall above
named, but the new parish at once proceeded to make ar-
rangements for building a church edifice. A lot was pur-
chased. The corner-stone was laid June 28, 1827. The
church was built at an expense of about $4500, was all
paid for, and it was consecrated to the worship of Almighty
God by the Rt. Rev, Alexander V. Griswold, November
20th, less than nine months after the first service was held,
CITY OF SACO. 161

 

an honorable tribute to the zeal and energy both of the
officiating clergymen and of the parishioners. At the same
date, November 20th, the parish was admitted into union
with the Convention, then holding an adjourned meeting in
Saco.

Besides the labors of Mr. Wells, the services were main-
tained during the spring and summer of 1827 by the
Rev. Mr. Cutler, afterwards Dr. Cutler, by the Rev. Alonzo
Potter, afterwards Bishop of Pennsylvania, by the Rev.
Mr. Olney, and by others, until August 13th, when the
Rev. Horatio Potter, deacon, now the venerated Bishop of
New York, was called to and took charge of the parish, its
first settled minister and his first charge. He left in April,
1828, to accept a professorship in Washington—now
Trinity—College, Hartford, Conn. Mr. Potter was guc-
ceeded by the Rev. Samuel, now Dr. Fuller. In a few
months he was also called to a professorship in Washington
College, and is now a professor in the Berkeley Divinity
School, Connecticut. He was succeeded by the following
clergymen, in the order given, and with a most sad and
ruinous frequency of changes, viz.: Norris M. Jones, re-
maining about five months; Clement F. Jones, about six
months; Henry B. Goodwin, about six months; Joseph
Muenscher, afterwards Dr. Muenscher, and professor in the
Theological Seminary at Gambier, Ohio, he had charge of
the parish about two years and two months; John A.
Vaughan, about seven months ; Stephen (). Millett, staying
a year; William Horton, afterwards Dr. Horton, having
charge for three years and six months, and during whose
ministry the parish was quite prosperous; Sylvester Nash,
remaining a year; Thomas L. Randolph, about nine months ;
Reuben EH. Taylor, one year and three months; Frederick
Gardiner, now Dr. Gardiner, and professor in the Berkeley
Divinity School, in charge of the parish two years; J.
Pinkney Hammond, about two years and two months;
George Slattery, officiating about three years and three
months, and under his ministry the sadly depressed parish
was much revived; Daniel C. Weston, now Dr. Weston,
who officiated about eight months; Samuel Cowell, who
had charge of the parish four years and two months. Dur-
ing his rectorship, in 1855, he organized a parish in Bidde-
ford under the name of “ Emmanuel Church.” After Mr.
Cowell left, the services in Biddeford most unfortunately
were discontinued, and the parish became extinct. Mr.
Cowell was followed by Daniel C. Ingraham, who left in a
few weeks on account of ill health, and he by Edwin W.
Murray, who officiated on alternate Sundays in connection
with Dresden, the parish being in a very low state. John
B. Southgate followed, remaining about a year and a half.
Samuel J. Evans succeeded Mr. Southgate, and was the im-
mediate predecessor of the Rev. W. G. Alger, present rec-
tor. He was here six years, a considerably longer rector-
ship than that of any previous incumbent.

The present rector took charge of the parish in February,
1868, and is here still, nearly nine years and a half.

Since the organization of the parish 373 infants and adults
have been baptized, and 228 have been confirmed. Some
of these now compose a part of Christ Church, Biddeford,
which was organized in August, 1869, but we have in-
cluded none which have been baptized and confirmed

21

 

within the bounds of the Biddeford Parish since its or-
ganization. The number of actual communicants has never
been larger, not even when the parish was most flourishing
and the congregation the largest, at no period exceeding
50 at one time, until quite recently, when, just before
the formation of the Biddeford Parish and the consequent
taking away of a part of the communicants into that
parish, the number reached about 80.

Some considerable changes have been made in the church
edifice since its erection. A recess chancel has been formed,
with a vestry on one side and an organ-loft on the other,
with a consequent change in the position and arrangement
of altar, desk, and pulpit. The old windows have given
place to stained windows, and a very beautiful chancel
window. The gallery has been fitted up into a neat and
convenient little chapel; the church, inside and outside,
has been differently repainted and tinted; the seats have been
upholstered ; the significant cross surmounts the tower, in
place of the original meaningless and unsymmetrical shaft
and ball; and some other minor alterations have been
made.

At present the parish numbers over 50 families, besides
individuals not included in families, 70 communicants, and
upwards of 60 pupils in the Sunday-school.

The present wardens are William P. Moody and John
Chadwick, Jr. Vestrymen: Frank O. L. Hobson, Horace
Woodman, Charles H. Cleaves, Edward Wylie, R. H. Nott ;
William S. Noyes, clerk; John Chadwick, treasurer.

FREE-WILL BAPTISTS.

As early as 1782 a few converts to the sentiments of this
denomination were made in the north part of the town
through the preaching of Elders Randall and Hubbard.
Their numbers steadily increased under the ministry of
various preachers, and in 1808 a church was organized,
consisting of 85 members. In 1809 a meeting-house was
erected, 44 by 36, about six miles from the village, and the

society incorporated in 1811. Elder George Parcher be-

| came qualified as a preacher in 1810, and served them as

their stated minister upwards of twenty years. This church
has become extinct.

The church in the village was organized Sept. 27, 1832,
by Rev. Samuel Burbank, Elias Libby, and James Fernald,
and consisted of 18 members. The first pastor was James
Fernald, and his successors have been EH. G. Ayer, Aaron
Ayer, L. H. Witham, C. Bean, Amos Ridlon, James Rand,
Daniel Jackson, D. M. Graham, Stephen Buttrick, Charles
H. Smith, James M. Bailey, F. W. Straight, O. T. Moul-
ton, H. True, and the present pastor, C. H. Webber. The
first deacons were Rufus Seavey and Joseph C. Davis. Their
successors have been Elijah Smith, William IF. Remick,
Freedom Parcher, Tobias Screwton, Charles Milliken, Eze-
kiel Stacey, and Obadiah Durgin. The first meeting-house
was built on Temple Street, in 1840, in which the society
worshiped till 1859, when it was sold, and the house built
by the Universalist Society on Store Street was purchased,
and is now used as their place of worship. The history of
this church has been one of activity, growth, and usefulness.
It is composed of upwards of 300 active members, and has
a flourishing Sabbath-school of 225 scholars.
162 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

THE FIRST FREE-WILL BAPTIST CHURCH

of Saco and Biddeford (O. 8.) was organized Sept. 26,
1857, and was composed of 17 members. It is connected
with the Limington Quarterly Meeting, and is contending
for the same faith, doctrine, and usages taught by the
founders of the denomination.—Benjamin Randall, John
Colby, and others. Orin Parcher and Horace Phillips are
the ordained deacons. Westcott Bullock has pastoral charge.
The society has no church edifice, but worships in a hall
over the York Company’s counting-room. Since formation
its growth has been encouraging, and it now numbers 75.
Sixteen have died, been dismissed, and rejected from its
fold since its existence began. The first church of this
denomination was organized June 30, 1780, at New Dur-
ham, N. H., and the first quarterly meeting was held at
Little Falls (now Hollis), Dec. 6, 1783.

BAPTISTS.

The Baptist Church was organized Jan. 23, 1827, and
consisted of seven members, viz., John L. Smith, William
Emerson, Rachel Smith, Sally Marshall, Mary Banks, Sally
Scamman, and Eunice Cole. Frederick Clark was the first
pastor. During his ministry of five years an effort to build
a meeting-house was made, and a frame was raised in the
fall of 1828. But difficulties arose between pastor and
people as to the appropriation of funds raised for completing
the house, an investigation was had, Mr. Clark censured
and dismissed by a council, and the frame remained for
years uncovered. The successor of Mr. Clark was Clark
Sibley for the year 1836. Ahira Jones was called to its
pastorate June 20, 1838, and resigned it May 1, 1843.
Alfred Colburn was called in August of that year, and was
followed in 1846 by N. M. Williams, who closed a six
years’ pastorate Aug. 8, 1852. In December following
Josiah Keely commenced his labors, serving until January,
1864, when he resigned to accept a chaplaincy in the army,
and died in New Orleans, June 24, 1864. Benjamin
Wheeler began July 1, 1864, and closed Sept. 28, 1869.
Rev. Charles F. Holbrook, the present pastor, entered upon
his labors Aug. 1,1870. The first deacons, Stephen Gowen
and Augustus Adams, were chosen about 1834 or 1835.
The following are their successors: I. M. Thompson, Sam-
uel Pilsbury, John H. Gowen, Tristram Jordan, Charles
Hill, and Bradbury Seavey. The early history of this
church was one of trials and mach difficulty, but through
them all it has been brought, showing in the main a steady
gradual growth, so that its present condition is one of pros-
perity. Its membership is 173. It worshiped in a vestry
and an upper chamber until its present house of worship
was erected in 1842.

UNITARIAN.

The Second Parish was formed Jan. 16, 1827, and Rev.
Thomas Tracy, who had been preaching in the Second
Parish in Biddleford, transferred his services to it, and
was installed Nov. 21,1827. The meeting-house, a hand-
some edifice 76 by 46, and built during the year on con-
tract by Mr. John Johnson, was dedicated at the same time.
The members at the time of incorporation were 40. Mr.
Tracy’s connection with the parish terminated Aug. 3, 1828.

 

The society was without a pastor until June, 1830, when
Rev. Jason Whitman was ordained, and remained till April
1, 1834. He was born in Bridgewater, Mass., April 30,
1799; graduated at Harvard, 1825; ordained at Saco,
1830; general agent of American Unitarian Association,
1834; pastor Second Unitarian Society in Portland, 1835 ;
removed to Lexington, Mass., July 30, 1845; died in
Portland, Jan. 25, 1848. After Mr. Whitman left, the
society was again destitute of a pastor until March 2,
1836, when Rev. George A. Williams was ordained. His
connection was dissolved in March, 1839. In July follow-
ing, Rev. Charles A. Farley was settled over the society.
His pastorate was but one year. The church was then
closed for a short period, when Rev. Mr. Knapp preached
four Sundays, but declined remaining longer. In April,
1841, Rev. William Cushing was settled. In October,
1842, he resigned his pastoral care, but continued to supply
the pulpit until December. The Rev. J. T. G. Nichols
preached his first sermon here by invitation of Mr. Cushing,
Nov. 27, 1842, and continued to supply the pulpit until
March 3, 1843, when he was invited to become the settled
pastor, and was ordained the 12th of April following;
since which he has been the accepted and useful pastor of
this parish. The society now numbers 120 families, besides
other attendants. In the vestry, separate from the meet-
ing-house, a large and flourishing Sunday-school holds its
sessions, and once a fortnight are held social parish meet-
ings of young and old, called “ Our Parish Parlor.” The
society is highly prosperous and flourishing.

A bell was purchased for the church in 1844 ; the build-
ing was subsequently remodeled and refinished inside and
out ; a new and fine organ was added in 1853. The pastor,
Rev. Dr. Nichols, stated in his twentieth anniversary ser-
mon, preached April 12, 1863, that during the twenty
years of his ministry in the parish he had attended 279
funerals, united 196 couples in marriage, baptized 80, of
whom 45 were adults and 35 children, and admitted 81 to
the church. The number of families connected with the
society, exclusive of single individuals, had increased from
70 to 112. The Sunday-school had increased in proportion.

“At my coming,” said he, “ the superintendence of the
school had just passed from the gifted and gratefully re-
membered Adams to the charge of the no less devoted and
faithful Wm. Allen. It has since been superintended suc-
cessively by Chas. E. Storer, R. M. Chapman, the late
lamented L. O. Cowan, and Thomas Quinby, under whom
it is now sustaining the good reputation it has heretofore
enjoyed, and is giving promise, we hope, of still further
advancement. To that end it is earnestly to be desired
that the older as well as younger members of the society
will lend their hearty and practical co-operation.”

Dr. Nichols’ pastorate has been a long one, continuing
from Aug. 12, 1843, to the present time, a period of nearly
thirty-seven years.

JOHN TAYLOR GILMAN NICHOLS

is the son of the late Rev. Dr. Ichabod Nichols, for fifty
years pastor of the First Parish, Portland, Me. He was
born in Portland, April 24, 1817. His mother was a
daughter of the late Hon. John Taylor Gilman, Governor
 
CITY OF SACO. 163

 

of New Hampshire, for whom he was named. At eleven
years of age he went to Phillips (Exeter) Academy, remain-
ing one year. Returning to Portland, he was fitted for col-
lege at the academy of which the late Bezaleel Cushman
was preceptor. Entering Harvard University the summer
term of 1834, in the sophomore year, nearly two years in
advance of the regular course, he graduated in 1836, de-
livering the salutatory Latin oration. Owing to deli-
cacy of health, he spent the following winter as private
tutor in the family of the late Rev. Dr. Keith, then acting
principal of the Episcopal Seminary, near Alexandria, Va.
In 1839 he entered the Divinity School at Cambridge, from
which he graduated in 1842. The Second Parish (Uni-
tarian), Saco, being without a pastor, he accepted, in No-
vember, a unanimous invitation to supply their pulpit, was
ordained the following April (13th), and continues (in 1879)
their minister.

He married, Oct. 1, 1850, Miss Caroline M. Tucker,
daughter of William Tucker, merchant of Boston, Mass.
They have had five children,— William L., Henry G., Edgar
H., Charles S. D., and Mary H. The latter died in 1868,
aged six years and a half. The others are living. The
first three have graduated with honor from Harvard Uni-
versity, and are pursuing professional studies. The fourth,
having spent two years at the Maine Agricultural College,
is entering with good prospects the agricultural profession.
In 1874, Mr. Nichols received the title of S.T.D., from
Bowdoin College. He is at the present time president of
the Saco Athenzeum, and of the York Institute, with both
of which institutions he has been identified from the begin-
ning. He was one of the originators of the Saco Provident
Association, and of all the seven ministers of the town who
met twenty-three years ago, to establish this beneficent asso-
ciation, he alone remains a resident of Saco. Having been
early in his ministry elected a member of the school com-
mittee, he had the satisfaction, while serving upon the
board, of awakening a new interest in the school reports ;
of seeing all the old school-houses replaced by new ones,
and the schools graded. Although the state of his health
rendered his long continuance in the ministry doubtful in
the beginning, and has always in a measure restricted his
desired accomplishments, he has, by personal care, and the
kindness of his parishioners, had a pastorate remarkable for
not only its unusual length, but for its general harmony and
prosperity. The number of families statedly attendant upon
his ministry has doubled, and the church membership in-
creased in a much larger ratio since his coming. Twice he
resigned his pastoral relations, once to take charge of
another ministry, to which he was invited, and once in con-
sequence of failing health. In both cases the earnest re-
monstrances of his people induced him to withdraw his
resignation. In July, 1868, in obedience to medical coun-
sel, to which he reluctantly submitted, he sailed from New
York for Liverpool. Having visited some of the principal
cities of England and the Continent, he returned in No-
vember to his parish. ‘The twenty-fifth anniversary of his
settlement was celebrated by interesting public services in
the church and the city hall, in which ministers from
abroad and of the other churches of the town took active

part. He is rewarded for almost exclusive devotion to his

 

own town and society by witnessing abundant good fruits
of his ministry, both at home and in many distant parts of
the country. His pen and voice have been always ready
in behalf of temperance, education, and good learning. His
only published writings are memorial and other occasional
discourses, though his communications have been frequent
to the secular press, chiefly upon educational and moral
themes. He has preached in his own pulpit twelve hun-
dred and seventeen written sermons, and many others extem-
poraneously. After a ministry of thirty-seven years he has
the satisfaction of sceing a large increase of liberal feeling
towards the religious views he has advocated, and of being
assured that his relations with his people were never more
cordial than at the present time.

METHODIST.

The first Methodist sermon preached in Maine was by
Rev. Jesse Lee, Sept. 10, 1793, at the house of Elisha
Ayer, of this town. Under the labors of Rev. Asa Heath,
a class of 20 members was formed in 1804, and Father
Bryant appointed leader. For a number of years this place
constituted a portion of a circuit, but became a station in
1828, at which time the church was organized under the
charge of Rev. Moses Hill. The pastors since have been
P. P. Morrill, Thomas Greenhalgh, J. Atwell, N. D. George,
J. Cushing, D. M. Rogers, J. W. Atkins, P. C. Richmond,
E. Shaw, A. Moore, C. Munger, C. C. Cone, J. C. Berry,
T. Hill, J. Colby, A. Sanderson, P. Jaques, C. C. Mason,
P. H. Stinchfield, EH. Martin, J. Hawks, C. J. Clark, and
the present pastor, John B. Lapham. Membership, 207,
and 19 probationers. The church property is valued at
$5000. The meeting-house was built in 1840, while J.
W. Atkins was preacher in charge; and the board of trus-
tees was filled by George Scamman, Daniel Dresser, and

Ebenezer Cleaves.
CHRISTIAN.

The Saco Christian Church was formed Sept. 30, 1863,
under the counsel of a committee composed of six ministers
appointed by the York and Cumberland Christian Confer-
ence. Their names were Charles EH. Goodwin, Isaiah Haley,
Joseph Whitney, Samuel McCann, Zebulon 8. Knight,
and Thomas Moses. The membership at organization was
30. Henry Scamman and Lewis McKenney were the first
deacons chosen, and still fill that office. Elder Zebulon
S. Knight was chosen first pastor, and ministered to the
church till Sept. 17, 1869. His successor was Elder Joseph
Whitney. The meeting-house was built in 1868.

THORNTON ACADEMY.

The act incorporating Saco Academy was approved Feb.
16,1811. It gave one-half a township of land, which was
located in 1812 near Moosehead Lake, and was sold (except
three lots) in 1830 to Nathaniel Haskell for $2584.92. The
first meeting of the corporators was held March 25, 1811,
at Cutts’ Hall, near the new meeting-house. Messrs. T.
G. Thornton, Wm. Moody, and James Gray were ap-
pointed a committee to erect the academy building, adapted
for fifty scholars, on the east side of the road leading from
the post-road to the old meeting-house, on land given. to
the town by the State. It was of one story, twelve feet
164 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

high in the clear, forty-two feet long, thirty feet wide, with
two chimneys, a projection to admit a door on the southwest
side, and to serve as a base for a balcony. The school
began Jan. 4, 1813, with 49 scholars, at $3 per quarter of
twelve weeks, and was kept six hours in winter and eight
hours in summer. The male scholars took care of the
fire and rang the bell; the females swept the house. The
preceptor received $500 a year. There were four vacations
of one week each.

It was voted, March, 1813, to build a sidewalk to the
post-road. Voted, October, 1813, ‘That the year begin
Monday after Bowdoin commencement and end Saturday
before Cambridge commencement. Asa Lyman, preceptor,
to receive $800.” Tuition raised to $4. September, 1814,
tuition reduced to $3. Vacation of two weeks at end of
year, the others one week each. Voted, March 11, 1815,
“To admit scholars under ten when there is room.” July
7, 1820, Josiah Calef was chosen librarian, and Phineas
Pratt engaged as preceptor at $700 a year. 1822, January
5, Thomas G. Thornton gave ten shares of Saco Bank.
1822, January 25, the name was changed to “ Thornton
Academy.” 1826, September, James Furbish was en-
gaged as preceptor, at $500, in place of Mr. Pratt. 1827,
October 27, Mr. Furbish went to Portland to teach school.
1828, September, Hezekiah Packard, preceptor, at $500;
raised to $600, January, 1830. He resigned April, 1836.
The building was burned July 29, 1848.

The trustees have been,—1811 to Nov. 7, 1812, Col.
Thomas Cutts; 1811 to June 8, 1826, Joseph Leland;
1811 to 1824, Thomas G. Thornton; 1811 to February,
1861, Jonathan Tucker; 1811 to 1840, Daniel Granger ;
1811 to 1817, Daniel Cleaves ; 1811 to May, 1817, Cyrus
King ; 1811 to July 12, 1826, Samuel Hartley; 1811 to
1833, James Gray ; 1811 to July 5, 1816, Richard Cutts;
1811 to Nov. 27, 1812, Foxwell Cutts; 1811 to 1822,
Wu. Moody ; 1811 to 1828, Richard C. Shannon; 1811 to
1858, John Spring ; 1811 to May, 1865, Ichabod Jordan ;
November, 1812, to 1818, Jonathan Coggswell ; Novem-
ber, 1812, to 1826, Moses Bradbury ; July, 1816, to 1821,
and 1836 to 1838, Josiah Calef; June, 1817, to 1826, Seth
Storer, Jr.; June, 1817, to 1834, Reuben H. Greene ;
1818 to 1858, Joseph Dane; 1821 to 1836, George
Thacher, Jr.; December, 1822, to 1829, Phineas Pratt;
1824 to 1834, Andrew Scamman; 1826 to 1836, Henry
B. C. Greene ; 1826 to December, 1847, John Fairfield;
1826 to 1842, Samuel P. S. Thacher; 1826 to 1840, and
1842, Moses Emery ; 1829 to 1859, Ezra Dean; 1829 to
1836, Samuel Johnson ; 1834 to 1840, Amos G. Goodwin ;
1834 to 1837, Joseph M. Hayes; 1834 to April 7, 1871,
Samuel White; 1836 to 1863, Seth 8. Fairfield; 1836 to
1856, Rufus Nichols; 1837 to 1838, Jonathan King;
1838 to 1842, George Packard; 1838 to 1845, Samuel
Moody ; 1840 to October, 1863, Gideon Tucker; 1840 to
1857, Thomas Cutts; 1842 to 1856, Henry S. Thacher ;
1843 to 1845, Samuel Hopkins; 1845 to 1849, Samuel
Bradley ; 1845, Edmund Perkins; 1856 to July, 1879,
Richard M. Chapman; 1856, Seth Scamman; 1856 to
1869, Thomas M. Hayes; 1856, John C. Bradbury ; 1857
to May, 1879, John A. Berry ; 1858, Charles Twombley ;
1859 to 1862, John W. Fairfield ; 1859, Joseph Hobson ;

 

1863 to 1865, Daniel Cleaves ; 1863, Richard F. C. Hart-
ley; April, 1868, Tristram Scamman; April, 1868, Cor-
nelius Sweetser; April, 1868, B. F. Hamilton; April,
1868, Edward Eastman.

Presidents: 1811, Col. Thomas Cutts; 1812, Joseph
Leland; 1821, Thomas G. Thornton; March, 1824, Jon-
athan Tucker ; August, 1824, Daniel Granger; 1839, Ezra
Dean; 1845, John Fairfield; 1848, Jonaathan Tucker ;
1859, Moses Emery.

Treasurers: 1811, Daniel Cleaves; 1814,Samuel Hartley ;
1816, Daniel Granger; 1817, Josiah Calef; 1821, Reu-
ben H. Greene; 1828, George Thacher; 1836, Joseph M.
Hayes ; 1837, Seth S. Fairfield ; 1863, John C. Bradbury.

Clerks or Secretaries: 1811, Cyrus King; 1817, James
Gray; 1834, S. P. S. Thacher; 1841, Thomas Cutts;
1857, John C. Bradbury.

Agents: 1824, George Thacher; 1827, R. H. Greene;
1828, John Fairfield; 1830, Ezra Dean; 1831, Daniel
Granger ; 1839, S. 8. Fairfield.

Preceptors: January, 1813, Asa Lyman; September,
1814, Ezra Haskell; September, 1817, Joseph Fowler ;
September, 1818, Benjamin Hale; July, 1820, Phineas
Pratt; September, 1826, James Furbish; October, 1827,
George Folsom ; December, 1827, Duncan Bradford ; Sep-
tember, 1828, Hezekiah Packard; April, 1836, Samuel
Adams; September, 1841, Samuel Coburn; December,
1841, Wm. Allen; October, 1846, Jonas Burnham ; April,
1847, James W. Hanscom; September, 1847, Alfred W.
Pike; July 29, 1848, school closed.

Instruction was given to 1467 students, of whom were
Hons. John Fairfield, James M. Bradbury, Hugh McCul-
loch, Joseph Howard, Daniel P. King, George F. Shepley,
Nathan Dane, John F. Hartley, Bion Bradbury, Augus-
tine Haines, George W. Pierce, Thomas M. Hayes, Gideon
Tucker, Jos. T. Nye, Seth Scamman, Samuel E. Spring,
David Dunn, James M. Deering, William Berry, John Q.
Adams, John H. Burnham, Francis R. Chase, Ivory Lord,
Ichabod G. Jordan, Francis O. Watts, Noah Tebbets,
Richard Moody, Thomas Moulton; Revs. Richard Wood-
hull, Wm. H. Lord, James Thornton, Albert Cole, George
W. Cole, Wm. 8. Chadwell, Henry G. Storer, David Shep-
ley, William V. Jordan, Darius N. Goodrich ; Drs. Horace
Bacon, Alvan Bacon, Th. P. Bourne, Samuel W. Johnson,
Jonathan Fogg, Ch. Murch, Stephen C. Brewster, James
Sawyer, George F. Mellen, Samuel Morrill, Seth L. Larra-
bee, Samuel Morrill, Asa Heath, George W. Peirson, H. B.
C. Greene, Ch. Boothby, Ai Waterhouse, B. F. Merrill, Ch.
W. Fabyan; Gen. Albion Howe and Col. Marshall S.
Howe, of the United States Army; Ezia Carter, Jr., Wm.
Curnston, John C. Bradbury, Tristram Scamman, Tristram
Jordan, Daniel Cleaves, Rishworth Jordan, 8. L. Goodale,
Jos. W. Leland, J. Wingate Thornton, Charles Dean,
Henry 8. Thacher, R. F. C. Hartley, Josiah B. Calef, Geo.
F. Emery, Nathaniel Dunn, Ch. C. Sawyer, John R. Shep-
ley, Cyrus Woodman, Edward P. Weston, James A. Ab-
bott, Horatio N. Perkins, Israel W. Bourne, Samuel H.
Parker, Fred. T. Storer, J. Q. A. Scamman, Robert Smith,
Jr., Fred. Wm. Sawyer, Samuel T. Shannon, Ch. E. Storer,
James C. Shepley, Ch. Bradbury, Abram E. Cutter, Henry
B. Osgood, Charles A. Lord, William A. Goodwin, Daniel
CITY OF SACO. 165

 

T. Granger, Ch. H. Granger, Ambrose Hastman, Edward
Eastman, Hampden Fairfield, D. Cutts Nye, Elliot Bow-
doin, George I. Goodwin, Amos G. Goodwin, George H.
Wakefield, George F. Calef, Th. Cutts, ete.

PUBLIC SCHOOLS.

‘Little attention was given to the subject of schools till
after submission to Massachusetts, when it became a legal
requirement to have the children instructed in the cate-
chism and in the rudiments of reading, writing, and arith-
metic. As settlers came in and population increased, more
and more attention was given to this important subject, and
districts were formed and school-houses built. The demand
for greater advantages than those obtained in the common
schools led to the incorporation of Saco Academy, Feb. 16,
1811, as we have seen above, afterwards named Thornton
Academy, in honor of Marshal Thornton, who gave it a
liberal endowment. At the same time the common schools
of the town received a good share of attention from the cit-
izens. We learn from Mr. Folsom’s history that in 1830,
and for some years previously, the town of Saco raised for
the support of schools an average of not far from $1500 a
year, being about $500 in excess of the amount required
by law. The town was then, as at present, divided into nine
districts, with two schools in the village kept up during the
year.

At that time there were (besides the Academy) a semi-
nary denominated the “Classical School,” in successful
operation under the instruction of Phineas Pratt, A.M.,
and a high school for young ladies, taught by Miss A.
Hall, which was established in 1829, and was well sus-
tained. The village had also several other private schools
for the instruction of younger pupils. Grammar schools
began to be taught quite early, and a high school was
founded in 1852, of which Mr. William 8. Chadwell, A.M.,
was the first principal.

We find from the report for the year 1858 that there
were two grammar schools in the town,—the Hast, taught
by Mr. Willis Mason, and the West, by Mr. M. J. Haines.
Attendance at the former: Spring term, 76; average, 57.
Summer term, 68; average, 47. Fall, 66; average, 50.
Winter, 71; average, 52. At the latter: Fall term, 60;
average, 50. Winter, 70; average, 58.

The high school, William Hobson, A.M., principal.
Spring term, 58; average, 37. Summer, 34; average, 24.
Winter, 34; average, 26.

The report says, “ The languages are thoroughly taught
here, as well as the higher English branches, so that its
graduates are qualified to take an honorable position in
college, or to enter with facility upon the study of a pro-
fession.” The years since this report have added to the
compass and efficiency of the course of study pursued in
this school, so that graduates from it are prepared to meet
the conditions of matriculation in Yale or the highest col-
leges in the country.

GRADED SCHOOLS.

The graded schools are all located in District No. 1.
There are eight primary of two grades, two intermediate,
and two double grammar schools, besides the high school.

 

To the last all who are prepared to leave the grammar
schools are admitted; and also it is free to all in the city,
of like preparation, who wish to avail themselves of its
advantages.

GRAMMAR SCHOOLS.

There are two of these schools with a four years’ course,
in two divisions of two years each. So many leave school
before entering the higher division that the higher have
room enough, while the lower are crowded. To remedy
this the committee recommend putting the rooms together,
as was proposed last year, or providing another school of
the lower grade.

HIGH SCHOOL.

The committee, in their report for the year 1879, say,
“We could justly repeat what was said last year in commen-
dation of the high school. It is doing a grand work for us,
giving to many a good education who could not otherwise
afford it, sending to college those who take high rank in
their classes, and at the same time leaving at home their
superiors in scholarship. It is an enigma unsolved why
parents do not avail themselves of this privilege of giving
to their children an education worth far more to them than
an inheritance of gold and silver. The poor may not be
able to give the latter, but they can give the former, and
they are verily guilty if they do not do it.

“The past year punctuality, studiousness, and interest
in their work has seemed to prevail among the students, as
if they had an object in view, and they were intensely bent
on its accomplishment. When this is the case it is the
unmistakable harbinger of success.”

RAISED THE PAST YEAR FOR SCHOOLS.

  
 

By the city for common schools........s00sce0 $7,800.00
wo «high school..... « 1,800.00
«  « State—School fund.... 1,070.48
«Mill fund....... 2,011.49
“«“  « «for free high school......... 3 500.00
Use of school-houses for ward-rooms........+++ 25.00

$13,206.97

J. M. Barney,
Supervisor of Schools.
PRINCIPALS.

High School.—William 8. Chadwick, A.M., 1852-54;
John H. Goodenow, A.M., 1854; William Hobson,* A.M.,
1855-62; Dorville Libby, 1863; D. R. Carter, A.M.,
1864-65; William Hobson, A.M., 1865-68; S. M. New-
man, 1868-71; Manson Seavy, 1871-74; B. Redford
Melcher, 1874-80.

Grammar Schools.—Ira C. Doe, 1853; M. J. Haines,
1859; Hampden Fairfield, 1859; H. Harmon, 1859;
Eugene B. Hinkley, Willis Mason, 1860-71; George P.
McKenny, 1872; J. H. Wardwell, 1873; Le Roy O.
Straw, 1874-80 ; James R. King, 1874-80; M. J. Haines.

YORK INSTITUTE.

A society, under the name of the York Institute, was
organized in March, 1866, in the town of Saco, for the
promotion of the more general study of the natural sciences,

 

* Resigned to enter the army. Mustered into United States service
Sept. 18, 1862, captain Company I, 17th Maine Regiment; promoted
to major and licutenant-colonel. Mustered out with his regiment,
and resumed charge of the high school, at the close of the war. (See
military record for Saco.)
166 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

and especially for the collection and preservation of all that
pertains to the natural and civil history of the county
of York.

It is proposed to procure as fast as possible a library of
standard works ; a cabinet of specimens in natural history ;
and especially as complete a collection as possible of the
natural productions of the county of York, together with
all written documents, letters and sketches, printed pamph-
lets and books relating to its civil history.

The institute, although located in Saco, belongs to the
whole county of York, and all resident members in the
county have an equal voice in the choice of its officers and
in the management of its affairs. Donations in money,
books, pamphlets, specimens in natural history from all
parts of the world, but especially those which illustrate
the natural productions of York County, old documents,
letters and original sketches relating to its civil and eccle-
siastical history have already to a considerable extent been
contributed, and are carefully preserved in the archives of
the institute. The meetings of the institute are held semi-
monthly, and lectures on subjects germain to the objects
of the association are maintained with considerable regu-
larity.

The officers of the institute have been John Johnson,
Esq., Roscoe G. Dennett, M.D., Edwin W. Wedgwood,
Esq., and Rev. John T. G. Nichols, D.D., Presidents;
Stephen L. Goodale, Roscoe G. Dennett, M.D., Vice-
Presidents; George F. Calef, Treasurer; John 8. Locke,
Superintendent of Museum; George A. Emery, Librarian ;
John Deering, Secretary.

MEMBERS AT THE TIME OF ADOPTION OF CONSTITUTION
AND BY-LAWS.

George F. Calef, Charles H. Granger, John Johnson,
John Hanscom, George A. Emery, Roscoe G. Dennett,
Jeremiah Mason, Samuel J. Evans, John 8. Locke, John
H. Windsor, John T. G. Nichols, A. F. Chisholm, Edward
Parker, Jr., Joseph G. Deering, Edward Eastman, Charles
Murch, ©. O. Gerrish, Ivory Mason, James C. Jordan,
Richard F. C. Hartley (life member).

BANKS OF SACO.
SACO BANK,

Saco Bank was chartered March 8, 1803, and organized
March 31, 1803. The charter expired October, 1812,
when a new charter went into effect. This expired Oct. 1,
1831, and two years were allowed for closing the affairs.
The stock under the first charter was $100,000; under the
second charter, $120,000. The back building of brick,
26 by 30 feet, was erected in 1803, on a lot 34 feet front, and
60 feet deep on Main Street, and is now occupied by J. W.
Beatty & Co., at the corner of Pleasant Street. The presi-
dents were, 1803-11, Col. Thomas Cutts; 1811-24, Thos.
G. Thornton ; 1824-31, Ether Shepley ; 1831-33, Samuel
Peirson. ‘The cashiers were, 1803-25, Samuel Peirson ;
1825-31, Henry 8. Thacher; clerk, 1831-33, Samuel
Peirson. There were five directors under the first charter
and seven under the second. The directors were, 1803—
11, Col. Thomas Cutts ; 1803-9, and 1811-24, Thomas G.
Thornton; 1803-12, 1814-25, 1831-33, Jos. Leland;

 

1803-10, Capt. Seth Storer ; 1803-6, 1816, Daniel Cleaves,
Sr.; 1806-13, Jonathan Tucker; 1809-11, Jeremiah Hill ;
1810, Dominicus Cutts; 1811-14, Thomas Cutts, Jr.;
1811, 1814-33, Samuel Hartley; 1812-16, Cyrus King;
1812-25, Daniel Granger; 1812-17, William P. Preble;
1812-20, James B. Thornton, Sr.; 1813, 1817-31, Jona-
than King; 1818-31, Ether Shepley ; 1820-25, William P.
Hooper ; 1824-33, George Thacher, Jr. ; 1825-31, Robert
Rogers; 1825-31, John Chadwick ; 1825-29, James B.
Thornton ; 1829, John F. Scamman ; 1830, Daniel Cleaves ;
1831-32, Samuel Peirson, Moses Emery, Samuel Emery,
John Shepley. It was voted Nov. 2, 1830, not to petition
for renewal of charter. The original stockholders (1803)
were Thomas Cutts, Daniel Cleaves, 100 shares each ; Seth
Storer, 80 ; Jonathan Tucker, 60 ; Thomas Cutts, Jr., Cyrus
King, 50 each; Thomas G. Thornton, 45; Foxwell Cutts,
Asa Stevens, Samuel Peirson, 40 each; Aaron Porter, 34;
Jos. Leland, Jeremiah Hill, Prentiss Mellen, Geo. Thacher,
Sr., Samuel Hartley, William Freeman, 30 each ; Richard
Cutts, Dominicus Cutts, Ichabod Fairfield, Amos Gordon,
20 each ; James B. Thornton, 15 ; Daniel Granger, Phineas
Kelley, Jonathan Cleaves, John Chadwick, Edmund Coffin,
Samuel Collyer, David Warren, 10 each; Ephraim Lock,
12; Jeremiah Hill, Jr. 4. Various changes were after-
wards made. Of the stock under the second charter, Col.
Thomas Cutts held 163 shares; Daniel Cleaves, 100;
Maine Fire and Marine Insurance Company of Portland,
100; Cleaves & Tucker, 60; Richard Cutts, 50; Thomas
Cutts, Jr., 50; Aaron Porter, 47; Foxwell Cutts, 40;
Thomas G. Thornton, 40; Samuel Hartley, Asa Stevens,
Samuel Peirson, 30 each; Dominicus Cutts, Prentiss Mel-
len, Jeremiah Hill, William P. Preble, Samuel Moody,
Jeremiah Bradbury, 20 each; Samuel Abbott, 25; J. B.
Thornton, 15; Tristram Hooper, 15; Samuel Hubbard,
12; Jos. Leland, 44; Cyrus King, 43; Daniel Granger,
Jonathan Cleaves, George Thacher, William Freeman, Seth
Storer, Jonathan King, James Donnell, 10 each; Jos. Storer,
8; William H. Hutchins, '7; Edward Coffin, William P.
Hooper, Ichabod Jordan, George Scamman, Daniel Lane,
Isaac Lane, Stephen Thacher, Tobias Lord, Nathaniel Lord,
Robert Towne, 5 each ; William Moody, Jos. Savage, Jere-
miah Hill, Jr., Hannah Scamman, Aaron Burnham, 4 each ;
Daniel Townsend, Benjamin Pike, Seth Storer, Jr., Moses
Bradbury, Abner Sawyer, Edward Tucker, Samuel J. Mor-
rill, 3 each. The York Bank was. chartered April 1, 1831,
and succeeded to the business of the Saco Bank.

SACO NATIONAL BANK.

The Manufacturers’ Bank of Saco (now Saco National
Bank) was incorporated Feb. 23, 1825, and organized July
2d of the same year. The charter was renewed in 1831,
1847, and 1857. The capital is $100,000. The bank
building was erected in 1825.

The presidents have been Jonathan Tucker, 1825-32 ;
John Fairfield, 1832-35; Josiah Calef, 1835-38 and
1846-48 ; William P. Haines, 1838-46 ; Tristram J ordan,
1848-63 ; Philip Eastman, 1863-69; Rishworth Jordan,
1869 to the present time (1880).

The cashiers have been Jonathan Tucker, Jr., July to
October, 1825; Seth S. Fairfield, 1825-48; Thomas W.
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ELIZABETH CUTTER, widow, came to New Eng-
land about A.D. 1640. She was a pious and devoted
Christian woman. She died at the age of eighty-
eight. Her will was dated Feb. 16, 1662, and
recorded April 1, 1664. It is supposed that her
eldest son, William, came to this country prior to
her emigration, as he was made a freeman April 18,
1637, and became a member of the Ancient Artillery
Company of Boston in 1638 (Colonial Records).
Richard, her youngest son, is supposed to have emi-
grated with his mother. He became a freeman
June 2, 1641, and a member of the artillery com-
pany in 1643. This company, organized in 16387,
met for the improvement of tactics, and was the
first regularly organized company in America.

The descendants of Elizabeth Cutter were promi-
nent men in the early history of New England, were
soldiers and officers in the war for independence,
and have occupied eminent places in the legal profes-
sion and in Legislative bodies. They are found as
ship-builders and seafaring men, importers and mer-
chants; and as they had a record for valiant services,
from Bunker Hill to the surrender of Cornwallis, in
the Revolutionary war, so later generations have won
glory on the many battle-fields, from Fort Sumter to
the surrender of Lee, in the war of the Rebellion.

ABRAHAM CUTTER is a descendant in the sixth
generation from Elizabeth, and was born in New-
buryport, Mass., Aug. 15, 1799. He is eldest in a
family of ten children. His father, Jacob, born May
24, 1774, married, Dec. 17, 1797, Elizabeth, daugh-
ter of Barnabas Edmands, of Newburyport, Mass.
She was born Aug. 14, 1788, and died in May, 1844.
He wus a mason by trade, and went from Medford,
his native place, to Newburyport, where he lived
much respected. He died Dee. 10, 1827.

 

 

Photo. by E. UH. McKenney,

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Abraham early learned the mason’s trade with his
father. At the age of seventeen he began work for
himself in Boston, working in Newburyport a part
of the time. He married, Aug. 14, 1820, Mary,
daughter of John and Mary (Stanwood) Gibson.
She was born in Newburyport, Jan. 25,1799. ‘They
have one son living, Abram Cutter, of Boston, Mass.

In 1825 Mr. Cutter made a prospecting tour to
Saco, and in the spring of 1826 he settled there
with his family, and began work at his trade. For
sixteen years he was in business with George Top-
pan (Toppan & Cutter), and afterwards associated
with him his younger brother, Barnabas E. Cutter,
under the firm-name of A. & B. Cutter. This firm
were in business as masons from 1842 to 1860, during
which time they built the Laconia, York, and Pep-
perell mills, and many of the finest brick structures
of Saco and Biddeford. From 1860 to 1878 the
firm of A. & B. Cutter were engaged as coal dealers
in Saco and Biddeford, and were among the first in
that business here.

Mr. Cutter has been an interested citizen in the
local affairs of the city, and ranks among the sub-
stantial business men of the place. For two terms
he was alderman of the Fourth Ward of the city,
and represented Saco in the State Legislature in
1853-54. He was formerly a Whig, but is now a
Republican. For some twenty-seven years he has
been a director in the Manufacturers’ Bank, now the
Saco National, and for thirty years he has been a
trustee in the Saco and Biddeford Savings Bank.

Mr. Cutter, now in his eighty-first year of age, is
active in body and mind, and to a remarkable degree
possesses the vigor and health of middle age. He
is a Unitarian in belief, and his wife is a member
of that church.
oo Lh

Davip FERNALD, son of Nathaniel and Sarah
(Googin) Fernald, formerly of North Berwick, was
born in Saco, Me., May 20, 1792. He had three
brothers, Samuel, Nathaniel, and Mark, and one
sister, Sarah. The father died at Saco, February,
1806.

Mr. Fernald learned the blacksmith trade in early
life of his father, and successfully carried on that
business in Saco during most of his business life,
and until about 1866, when his age, and also his
official duties, prevented him prosecuting the trade
further.

His uprightness in all his dealings with men, his
manly and Christian character, and his correct habits
made him esteemed by all who knew him, and led
the citizens of Saco to place confidence in him, and
desire his promotion to places of honor and trust.

He was a director of the Mutual Fire Insurance
Company from 1836 to 1865, and president of the
same from 1865 until his death, March 11, 1876;
trustee of the Saco and Biddeford Savings Institution
from 1848 to 1867, an vice-president from 1867
to 1874; and a director of the Manufacturers’ Bank
from 1837 to 1864. He was clerk of schools for
thirty-one years ; selectman from 1857 to 1865. In
the early history of his public service he was a

 

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Photo. by A. S. McKenney, Saco.

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member of the State Legislature from Saco, in
1831-33. In all of these relations and places of
responsibility, Mr. Fernald discharged his whole
duty, which brought credit to himself and to those
whom he represented. Both he and his surviving
widow became members of the Unitarian Church
over forty years ago, and for many years Mr. Fer-
nald officiated as deacon.

He married, June 24, 1811, Sophia, daughter of
Bradbury and Rachel (Short) Johnson, who came to
Saco in 1802. She was born Feb. 26, 1796, and
died March 28, 1832. The children of this union
were Joseph 8., of Buffalo, N. Y.; Oliver (deceased) ;
Mary (deceased), wife of David Fernald ; David
(deceased) ; and Samuel (deceased).

For his second wife he married, Aug. 13, 1833,
Mary 'T., daughter of Edward 8. and Mary (Leigh-
ton) Moulton. She was born Dee. 9, 1808, and came
to Saco, with her parents, from Rochester, N. H.,
in 1814, Edward $. Moulton was for forty years
a respectable and worthy citizen of Saco, and car-
ried on business as a manufacturer of jewelry. He
died Aug. 16, 1855, aged seventy-seven.

Mr. Fernald’s children by this marriage are
Edward §., a machinist, and Abbie 8., wife of 8.
S. Richards, of Saco,
CITY OF SACO. 167

 

Shannon, 1848-51; Tristram Scamman, July 6, 1851, to
the present time (1880).

The directors have been Jonathan Tucker, 1825-34 ;
Isaac Emery, 1825-28; John Spring, 1825-27; James
B. Thornton, July, 1825, to October, 1825; Saml. White,
1825-30 and 1834-37 ; Daniel Deshon, 1825-30; Andrew
Scamman, 1825; John Fairfield, 1825-37; Samuel Peir-
son, 1826-30; Abel Hersey, 1827-41; George Scamman,
1828-35 and 1838-44; Nathaniel Burbank, 1830-38;
Jeremiah Goodwin, 1830; Amos Chase, 1830-57; Tris-
tram Jordan, 1831-47 and 1848-66; Josiah Calef, 1835—
39 and 1841-48; William P. Haines, 1837-46; Daniel
Fernald, 1837-64; Abuer Blaisdell, 1839-44; Loring
French, 1844-47 ; Nathaniel M. Towle, 1844-65; Daniel
Smith, Jr., 1846-67 ; James Smith, Jr., 1847-52; Abra-
ham Cutter, 1847 to now; Philip Eastman, 1852-69; John
A. Berry, 1857-79; Moses Lowell, 1864-78; Rishworth
Jordan, 1865; William F. Pike, 1868; Luther Bryant,
1869; Edward Eastman, 1870; J. E. L. Kimball, 1879.

Of the stockholders in 1825, Jonathan Tucker, 40 shares;
Isaac Emery, 10; John Spring, 20; John B. Thornton,
Samuel White, Rufus Banks, William Murch, Asa An-
drews, George Scamman, Daniel Granger, Andrew Scam-
man, Daniel Deshon, Ezra Dean, William Cutts, Benjamin
Hale, Ellis B. Usher, Asaph Moody, Joseph Moody, Hunice
Nye, Benjamin Jacobs, 10 shares each; Josiah Calef, 15;
Ichabod Jordan, 15; John Fairfield, 3; Samuel Peir-
son, 6.

YORK NATIONAL BANK.

York Bank, Saco, was incorporated April 1, 1831, with
the capital of $50,000. New stock was added,—$25,000
Oct. 1, 1834; $25,000 Oct. 1, 1836. It was reduced
$25,000 October, 1841, and again reduced $25,000 July 1,
1854, and has since remained $100,000. The charter was
renewed 1847 and 1857. The bank was organized Sept.
2, 1865, as the York National Bank.

The presidents have been: 1831-49, Jonathan King;
1849-65, Daniel Cleaves; 1865 to present time, Richard
F. C. Hartley.

The cashiers have been: 1831-49, Henry 8. Thacher ;
1849, October Ist, to the present time, John C. Bradbury.
Since Oct. 1, 1873, Sumner C. Parcher has been clerk.

The directors have been: 1831-33, Ether Shepley ; 1831—
49, Jonathan King; 1831-38, 1842-44, 1849-65, Daniel
Cleaves ; 1831, 1837-43, Samuel Batchelder; 1831, 1836,
John Chadwick; 1832-35, Lewis Wakefield; 1832-37,
1845-55, Joseph M. Hayes; 1833-36, 1837-39, John P.
Mellen; 1835-40, 1856, John Shepley; 1838-71, James
M. Deering; 1839-50, William Smith; 1840-42, Arch.
F. Symonds; 1843-52, Horace Bacon; 1844, Samuel
Merrill; 1850-53, 1857, 1864-68, William Lord; 1852-
56, Humphrey Pike; 1853-73, William Perkins; 1855-
57, 1858-62, John W. Fairfield; 1857-59, Jas. T. Nye;
1859-64, Thomas M. Hayes. Present board, 1862, R. F.
C. Hartley; 1865, Joseph G. Deering; 1868, Cornelius
Sweetser ; 1871, Hampden Fairfield ; 1874, John C. Brad-
bury.

The stockholders, April, 1831, were Sarah Cleaves, 85
shares; Mary Cleaves, 62; Ether Shepley, 60; Jonathan
King, 50; Joseph Leland, 50; Daniel Cleaves, 48; John

 

Chadwick, 29; Samuel Batchelder, 20; Sarah 8. Thacher,
20; Thornton Academy, 11; Samuel Merrill, 10; Fred.
Greene, 6; George Thacher, 5; Lewis Wakefield, 5; John
Shepley, John P. Mellen, Alfred Smith, 5 each; Macy
Hooper, 4. The bank building was built 1836.

The following is the report of the condition of the York
National Bank, of Saco, at the close of business Oct. 2,

| 1879:

RESOURCES.

Loans and discounts sees $142,733.05

 

   
  

   

 

 

  
 

 

Overdralts vccccicesvarccsieverntree 260.24
U.S. bonds to secure circulati 100,000.00
U.S. bonds on hand...........006 300.00
Due from approved reserve agents vee 70,671.54
Due from other national banks...........scccceeeeeee 3,126.23
Real estate, furniture, and fixtures..........cssss000 7,099.83
Checks and other cash items..........cccceeceereroees 252.85
Buby OF GUNG? DARKS ..ncccneeccwestvangonseominnerviaens 7,615.00
Fractional currency (including nickels)... 3.21
Specie (including gold treasury certificates)... 3,441.50
Legal tender motes.........s:sseesseeee cerseenen esenenees 7,200.00
Redemption fund with U.S. Treasurer (5 per
end, erreulalion } wscrremeseasanniena eiraniie 4,500.00
Due from U.S. Treasurer other than 5 per cent.
redemption fUNd.......ccsccserenerss seseeeees coneseere 2,400.00
Dotalla.c. svescasicevsaerasevedscoctenesiseeseeesoesiees $349,603.45
LIABILITIES,
Capital stock paid in... .iccccsessee cesteeereeeesse $100,000.00.
Surplus fund ......cescevececcesnresensesoes sernseenecnsees 35,000.00
Undivided profits.............04 18,884.59
National bank notes outstand 81,500.00
Dividends unpaid..........seeeeees 361.71
Individual deposits subject to chee 110,481.33
Due to other national banks.........sscevsees ceveeeees 3,375.82
WO tahiessnnawiserecenaewewessieavee seve ewees vecrevess $349,603.45

Srate or Maine, } ao
County or York.

I, John C, Bradbury, cashier of the above-named bank, do solemnly
swear that the above statement is true to the best of my knowledge
and belief.

Joan C. Brapsury, Cashier.

Subscribed and sworn to before me this 6th day of October, 1879.
Moses Emnry, Justice of the Peace.

Correct—A ttest :
Ricuarp F. C. Hartiey,
C. SWEETSER,
H. FAtrFIe.pD,
Directors.

SAVINGS INSTITUTION.

Saco and Biddeford Savings Institution, at Saco, was in-
corporated Feb. 1,1827. The persons named in the act were
Ether Shepley, Jonathan Tucker, Robert Rogers, Isaac
Emery, Geo. Thacher, Samuel Peirson. The institution was
organized and went into operation in May, 1827. The pres-
idents have been, 1827-36, Ether Shepley ; 1836-56, Josiah
Calef; 1856-67, Daniel Smith, Jr.; 1867-80, Stephen L.
Goodale. The vice-presidents have been, 1827-38, Jonathan
Tucker; 1838, Samuel Merrill; 1839-45, Tristram Jordan,
Jr.; 1845, Samuel F. Chase; 1846-56, Amos H. Boyd ;
1856-67, S. IL. Goodale; 1867-74, David Fernald; 1874—
80, Jeremiah Mason. The secretaries and treasurers have
been, 1827-43, Samuel Peirson ; 1843-45, John F. Scam-
man; 1845-53, John Skeele; April 18, 1853-80, Edward
P. Burnham. The trustees have been, 1827-33, Samuel
Peirson; 1827, also 1836-37, Isaac Emery; 1827-49,
Jonathan King; 1827-49, Samuel Hartley; 1827-31,
Reuben H. Green; 1827-32, Robert Rogers; 1827-37,
John F. Scamman; 1828-36, George Thacher; 1831—
168 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

36, Ezra Dean; 1832-36 and 1856, Josiah Calef; 1833-
44, Samuel Batchelder; 1836, James B. Thornton ; 1836
—40, Amos G. Goodwin; 1837-45, William P. Haines;
1837-45 and 1847-52, John P. Mellen; 1838, Amos
Chase; 1839-44, George Scamman; 1840-49, Jos. M.
Hayes; 1844, Seth S. Fairfield; 1844-56, Daniel Smith,
Jr.; 1845-46, Samuel Bradley; 1845-48 and 1856-65,
Nathaniel M. Towle; 1845-46, Samuel Hopkins; 1847-
56, S. L. Goodale; 1848-67, David Fernald; 1849-57,
Thomas Cutts; 1849-65, Alpheus A. Hanscom ; 1849-59,
Samuel F. Chase; 1852, Alonzo Hamilton; 1853, John
Chadwick ; 1853-63, Gideon Tucker ; 1857, Daniel Cleaves;
1858-80, . Jeremiah Mason; 1858-68, William Noyes;
1859-80, Abraham Cutter; 1863-76, Benjamin Patterson ;
1865-68, Charles G. Burleigh ; 1865-69, Chas. Twombley ;
1867-68, William Perkins; 1868, John A. Berry; 1868,
Edward P. Burnham; 1874-77, Jos. W. Burrows; 1876-
1880, John C. Bradbury; 1877-80, Charles S. Bryant.
In 1855 the institution built Calef Block, on the Island.
The first deposits were made May 30, 1827,—$13. The
first semi-annual dividend was made Jan. 16, 1828, and has
been ever since continued. Extra dividends were made 1832,
°37, 747, °52, ’57, ’62, 67. The balance due depositors,
April 1, 1853, was $139,823.61. The amount due depos-
itors, July 18, 1832, $5190.01; July 15, 1835, $15,327.76;

July 14, 1843, $27,759.69; Nov. 27, 1845, $45,159.53;

Nov. 22, 1879, $1,104,136.74. This is the oldest savings
institution in Maine.

INSURANCE.

The Mutual Fire Insurance Company of Saco was in-
corporated Feb. 22, 1827, and was organized April 19,
1827. The corporators were Robert Rogers, Geo. Thacher,
John Spring, John Shepley, John Fairfield, George Scam-
man, Reuben H. Greene, Samuel Peirson, Jona. King,
Lauriston Ward. The presidents have been, 1827-28,
Robert Rogers ; 1829-32, Samuel Moody; 1832-52, Josiah
Calef; 1852-65, Nathaniel M. Towle; 1865-76, David
Fernald; 1876-79, John A. Berry; 1879, Cornelius Sweet-
ser. The secretaries and treasurers have been, 1827-38,
Samuel Peirson; 1838-41, Nathaniel Goodwin; 1841-45,
John F. Scamman ; 1845-53, John Skeele ; April 18, 1853
-80, Edward P. Burnham. The directors have been, 1827—
36, John Fairfield; 1827-28, Samuel Hartley ; 1827-32
and 1835-38, Jonathan King; 1827-35, Jonathan Tucker;
1827-28, James B. Thornton; 1827-28, Isaac Emery ;
1827-30, Daniel Deshon ; 1829-36, Ether Shepley ; 1829-
35, George Thacher; 1829-36, Ezra Dean; 1830-55,
Edward 8. Moulton; 1832-35, Samuel Bachelder; 1835,
John F. Scamman ; 1835-52, Seth S. Fairfield ; 1836-37,
Nath’! Burbank; 1836-45, Samuel Emery; 1836-65, David
Fernald; 1836-46, George H. Adams; 1838, Jonathan
Tucker, Jr.; 1838-47, James M. Deering; 1839-50, Ab-
ner Blaisdell; 1845-52, Nathaniel M. Towle; 1846-52,
Horace Porter ; 1847-52, John P. Mellen; 1850-76, John
A. Berry; 1852-67, Daniel Smith, Jr.; 1852-70, Samuel
T. Shannon; 1852-53, 1862-63, William Lord; 1853-
64 and 1865-75, Charles Hill; 1854-61, Thomas Lord;
1855-79, Cornelius Sweetser; 1864, William Noyes;
1864-80, Henry J. Rice; 1865-78, Moses Lowell;

 

1867, Charles G. Burleigh; 1868-73, James Beatty ;
1870-80, William P. Moody; 1874-80, Alfred G. Pren-
tiss; 1875-80, Oliver Freeman; 1876-80, Roscoe L.
Bowers.

PROVIDENT ASSOCIATION.

The Saco Provident Association was organized October,
1855, and has from that time to October, 1879, received in
cash, from all sources, $6306.19 for distribution among the
poor. The value of the garments and wood received is not
estimated. The annual meeting is held on the first Monday
of October. The board of managers meet on the first Mon-
day of each month. There are twenty-one visitors, who visit
the families in their districts, search out, advise, and relieve
the poor, and collect funds for the work of the association.
A sermon is preached on the second Sunday in January, at
which time a collection is taken. The presidents have been,
1855-58, Amos H. Boyd; 1858, Philip Eastman; 1859-
62, D. T. Giveen ; 1861-65, H. Temple ; 1865-69, Philip
Eastman ; 1869-74, Charles C. Sawyer; 1874 to present
time, James W. Littlefield. Since 1875, John C. Bradbury
has been vice-president. The treasurers have been, 1855
to March, 1857, Jarvis Williams; from March 5, 1857,
Edward P. Burnham. The secretaries have been, 1855—
57, Mrs. B. F. Hamilton; from 1857, Edward P. Burn-
ham. ‘The general agents have been, 1855-68, Samuel V.
Loring ; 1868-71, F. Newell Hodsdon ; from 1871, George
A. Emery. The advisers are, the clergyman and a lady
from each society.

MASONIC LODGES.

Saco Lodge, No. 9, of Free and Accepted Masons, was
chartered June 14, 1802. The original members were
Jeremiah Hill, Joseph Leland, Thomas Cutts, Jr., William
Fairfield, Asa Stevens, John Allen, Samuel Collyer, Rich-
ard C. Shannon, Nathaniel Scamman, Jr., Samuel Nut-
ting, Jr., Michael Nason, James Murch, Alvan Bacon,
William Marshall. Owing to the stagnation of business,
growing out of the embargo and the war with England, the
lodge was closed from June 6, 1811, to Nov. 14, 1816,
and again, on account of the anti-Masonic excitement, from
Jan. 11, 1832, to May 6, 1846, since which latter date it
has been active. The Masters have been: July, 1802, to
December, 1806, and 1808 to 1809, Jeremiah Hill, of
Biddeford; 1806, Joseph Leland (who was initiated in an
army lodge); 1807-10, Daniel Granger (until closing
of lodge in 1811); 1816-19, Daniel Granger; 1819-20,
Edward 8. Moulton; 1821-22, George Thacher, Jr.;
1823, John Spring; 1824-25, John Chadwick; 1826,
Charles Hayes; 1827, Seth S. Fairfield; 1828-29, Josiah
Beard ; 1830-31, Thomas P. Tufts (until closing of lodge
in 1832); 1846, Thomas P. Tufts; 1847-53, Frederick
D. Edgerly, of Biddeford; 1853-54, Elijah Smith ; 1855,
Timothy J. Murray; 1856, Edward P. Burnham; 1857,
and 1866-67, William Hobson ; 1858, Mark Prime; 1859-
60, Andrew Hobson, Jr.; 1861-64, Joseph Milliken;
1864, Israel S. Hodsdon; 1865 and 1873, Nathaniel Scam-
man ; 1868, Moses J. Haines ; 1869-70, William G. Davis;
1871-72, Enoch Lowell; 1874-75, George F. Owen;
1876-77, Stephen G. Dorman; 1878-79, Winfield S.
Dennett. Since January, 1865, the meetings have been
 

Robert Patterson, of Irish birth and Scotch descent, born
about 1690, came to this country in the early part of the eigh-
teenth century, and settled near the mouth of Saco River,
where he was engaged for many years as ferryman prior to
bridges being built across the river at Saco. In due time his
wife and children came, and he brought them from Ports-
mouth, where they landed, and settled on the farm near the
Saco Ferry, known as the Stephen’s place, where four succes-
sive generations afterwards lived. He was succeeded by his
son Robert on the old homestead, and he in turn by his son
Benjamin, father of the subject of this narrative. Benjamin
Patterson, senior, married Elizabeth, daughter of Actor Pat-
ten, of Topsham. Their children were Actor Patten, born
Feb. 12, 1791, a shipmaster at Kennebunkport, married, Sept.
26, 1821, Lydia Hutchins. He died Jan. 11, 1869. She died
June 1, 1869, leaving two daughters,—Lydia, wife of Daniel
W. Lord, and Miss Mary Patterson. Elizabeth, born Oct.
25, 1795, married, Nov. 5, 1835, Joseph H. Davis, of Lim-
ington, who died while a resident of New Jersey. Benjamin
Patterson, born Aug. 20, 1798, married Lucinda Truesdell
Aug. 11, 1825. She was born March 7, 1800, at Hudson,
N. Y., and died in Saco Nov. 9, 1874.

Benjamin Patterson spent his boyhood at the old homestead.
At the age of seventeen, in the year 1815, he went to seain the
ship “ Victory,” Capt. Redman commanding; the vessel was
cast away, and he with five others were taken from the wreck
and carried to Halifax; but nothing deterred him from grati-
fying his desire to lead a seafaring life. Soon after reaching
his majority he became a ship-master, sailing from Saco, after-
wards from New York, to South America, East Indies, and
European ports. On one of his voyages he carried the first
steam engine to Buenos Ayres ever landed or used in South
America. For many years he was engaged in the cotton trade,
sailing from New Orleans and Mobile to Europe, and returning
laden with emigrant passengers. He commanded for several
years the sailing ship ‘‘ Hungarian,” built at Saco. His last
voyage was madein command of the ‘‘ Alameda,” sailing from
Boston to Liverpool, where he arrived on Christmas day, 1862.
While preparing for his return he was taken ill, and sailed for
home in thesteamer ‘‘Bohemian.’’ In 1864 he visited Europe
to look after the three ships,—‘ Lincoln,” “Stars and Stripes,”’
and “Harvest,” the former of which was afterwards com-
manded by his son, Capt. Alfred Patterson; and upon his
return in the spring of 1865, he retired from the sea, and
mostly from the active duties of life. Capt. Patterson was a

 

Photo, by E. H. McKenney, Biddeford,

successful, judicious, and intelligent mariner, and during his
nearly a half century’s experience on the sea, he never lost a
vessel or suffered any serious accident. He well understood his
duties as a seaman and commander of a ship, and aside from
which he was more than usually well versed and well read in
the customs of other nations and in the Jaws that govern the
commercial intercourse of the world. He was known to the
citizens of Saco as a man of gentlemanly bearing, of a soci-
able and happy disposition, and possessed of strict integrity
in all his business relations. As a member of the Democratic
party he was once selected as a candidate to represent Saco in
the State Legislature, and several times as a city officer, but
the minority of his party always barred his election, which
was no disappointment to him, as he never sought political
preferment. He was ever interested in the prosperity of mat-
ters at home, but was never officially connected with any local
institutions except to serve as trustee of the Saco and Biddeford
Savings Institution for a few years. He died at his resi-
dence in Saco Aug. 31, 1877, esteemed by all who knew him
for his moral worth, his correct habits, and general intelli-
gence.

His children are: Mary Elizabeth, died May, 1833, aged six
years; John Benjamin, for many years a sailor, was chief
officer of the ship ‘¢ International,’ and died of yellow fever
in New Orleans Sept. 28, 1856, aged twenty-five years;
Henry, died in infancy ; Margaret Rodman, wife of David T.
Giveen, Saco; Emma, wife of Albion Sands, of Saco; Maria
L., a graduate of Albany, N. Y., normal school, in the class
of 1860. She left New York (where she had spent the winter)
in the spring of 1867 to return home in the steamer ‘Old
Colony,” and has never been heard from since, although her
trunk came safely to Saco.

Capt. Alfred, youngest son of Capt. Benjamin Patterson,
went to sea with his father in the ship ‘‘ Hungarian” at the
age of thirteen. At the age of twenty-five, in 1863, he took
command of the steamer ‘‘George 8. Wright,” and was in
government service during the war. He afterwards com-
manded the steamer ‘‘ North Point.’’ For five years he com-
manded the English ship ‘‘ Waterloo,” sailing from London,
England. He sailed mostly from New York and Boston, and
has visited nearly every port on the habitable globe, and for
twenty-five years followed maritime pursuits. Upon his
retirement from the sea, in 1878, he settled in Saco, his
native city, where he opened an office and engaged in in-
surance and real-estate business.
CITY OF SACO. 169

in Calef Block, on Cutts’ Island. Degrees have been con-
ferred upon 383 persons. The present number of members
is 160. The oldest person known to be living who re-
ceived the degrees in the lodge is Stephen Hanson, of
Buxton, who was initiated in 1827.

York Chapter, No. 5, of Royal Arch Masons, at Saco,
was chartered in 1828. The charter members were Fred-
erick Clarke, Edward S. Moulton, Josiah Beard, Luke
Whitney, Rufus Nichols, Stephen Fairfield, Henry S. Smith,
Jacob Marston, John Spring, Robert Patterson, James B.
Thornton, John C. Dunlevie. The three principal officers
were Frederick Clark, James B. Thornton, Luke Whitney.
The first book of records cannot be found. The Chapter
was closed from about 1832 to 1853. The charter was
restored, May 5, 1853, to Jacob Marston, John Spring,
Stephen Fairfield, Edward S. Moulton, Seth S. Fairfield,
Thomas P. Tufts, John Chadwick, John Johnson, Nathan
Leonard, Daniel B. Emerson, Thurston Libby, Elijah Smith,
Timothy J. Murray. From 1853 the presiding officers
(High Priests) have been: 1853-54, Daniel B. Emerson ;
1855-56, Timothy J. Murray ; 1857-58, 1863-67, 1869-
70, Elijah Smith; 1859, Edward P. Burnham; 1860,
Frederick D, Edgerly; 1861, Mark Prime; 1862, An-
drew Hobson, Jr.; 1867-68, Joseph Milliken; 1871,
Gilman P. Littlefield; 1872, David Buck; 1873, William
G. Davis; 1874-75, Edwin A. Coffin; 1876-77, Tristram
Hanson ; 1878-79, John S. Derby. Since 1853, degrees
have been conferred upon 239 persons. The persons now
living who earliest received degrees are Edward P. Burn-
ham, Nathaniel T. Moulton, and Lewis B. Weeks, Aug. 19,
1853. The membership is 123.

Maine Council, No. 7, of Royal and Select Masters, at
Saco, was authorized Dec. 27, 1855, by dispensation to
Timothy J. Murray, Edward P. Burnham, Daniel B. Emer-
son, Jacob Marston, Samuel Mendum, Joshua Herrick, S.
J. Lord, D. W. Quinby, and four others. The presiding
officers have been: 1855-58, Timothy J. Murray ; 1858—
63, Edward P. Burnham ; 1863-64, Frederick D. Edgerly ;
1865-75, Elijah Smith ; 1875-78, John 8. Derby; 1878,
William S. Noyes; 1879, George H. Monroe. The de-
grees have been conferred upon about 50 persons. Mem-
bership, 45.

SACO RIVER AND WATER-POWER.

The basin or drainage district of the Saco is situated in
the southeast part of the State, covering the belt of coun-
try between the White Mountains and their southwesterly
extensions and the sea. It is therefore in comparatively
close proximity to the seaboard and to the great manufac-
turing district of New England exterior to the State. The
west and northwest portion of the basin is located in New
Hampshire. The form of this basin is that of an oblong
figure, gradually widening from its southern point interior-
ward twenty miles; thence to its northern boundary it is
of nearly uniform width, with the larger proportion of the
drainage territory on the right bank of the main stream.
The greatest length of this basin, which is on a line from
the ocean to Mount Washington, is about seventy-four
miles. Its greatest breadth, across the head of the basin,
is about thirty miles; the area being about 800 square

22

 

miles in Maine, and 600 in New Hampshire, making a
total of 1400 square miles.

The following table of elevations at different points
within this basin is given by John F. Anderson, Esq,.,
engineer of the Western Division of the Hydrographic
Survey:

 

Hall's Survey of Saco River Railroad marked H. Feet
Wadsworth’s Survey of Saco River Railroad marked W. ee
Authorities + Anderson’s Survey of Port. & Roch. Railroad marked A. hich
Grant’s Survey of Port. & Odgensburg R. R. marked Gr. 1B)
Guyot’s Paper upon the Appalachian System marked G.

 

rr

Miles. Localities. € 3
‘ BA
ns

 

Initial point, the centre of the Portland, Saco and Ports-
month Railroad track, 400 feet east of Saco Depot, assumed
and computed height (H.)...cssssscsssscssssssstesseteceesseeses

8.4 | Saco River, about 400 feet above Salmon Falls (H.).

6 Port. & Roch. Railroad crossing above Bar Mills (A.

14 Below Moderation Mills (H.)...........

aneea sens Above Moderation Mills (H)...

16.7 | Top of a “ horseback” ridge (H)...

20 Little Ossipee (H.).......scseeceeeeee

21.6 | Half mile west of Steep Falls (H.)..

27.07 | Saco River, quarter mile above Goul

30.22 | Great Ossipee (W.)......ssssccecee

34 Foot of Great Falls, Saco River (

34.25 | Head of Great Falls, Saco River, low water (W.).

sereeeres| Hoad of Great Falls, Saco River, high water (W..

35 Saco River at Hiram bridge, low water (W.)...

svetemias Saco River, 400 feet above low water (H

39 Ten-Mile Brook (H.)....csseecsseesseseeves

42 Shepard’s River, near B:

44.50 | Fryeburg, on plains (H.)..

48 Fryeburg, near village (H.)..

aieasars! South Conway post-office (G.)...

56 North Conway....ccceseceeceeee

62 Crossing of road juncti

62.75 | Saco River (Gr.)

“ “ ‘

   
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 

 
  

on of

 
 
  
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
  
   
  

65.25 | « «ow TT
BB 16s ae
67 29 TF ce “
68.89 “ 46 “
TOA is ue.

70.94 | Water in Saco River (Gr.)
« ou a

74.12 | Underpinning old Crawford House (Gr.)..

74.12 | Old Crawford House or Davis T G

75.52 | Water in Saco River (Gr.)
“ ee

78.3 “ iy oe o
79.23 “ “ “ Ty oe
9.8 “ ww
79.86 | Underpinning of Wille
seresesee| Willey House (G.).....004
81.1 Water in Saco River (G1

i “

 
  

 

  

82.2 “ « « «
The Notch (G.).....
Crawford House
Hollis Centre.......
a Wey mouth's, near
aeacaewd Hanson’s, near Waterborough Centre..

 

 

 

 

 

 

The mean elevation of the basin as a whole is below that of
the Androscoggin, but above that of any other river dis-
trict of which a proportionally large part is so near the sea.
Its upper section covers an important portion of the highest
mass of land (the White-Mountain plateau) of any consid-
erable extent east of the highlands of the Rocky Moun-
tains, with the exception of a limited tract in North Caro-
lina. The whole basin is occupied with granite, or gneiss,
scarcely distinguishable from granite, with patches of mica
schist here and there. In all parts of the district stone of
good quality for construction purposes is abundant. A
quarry of excellent granite has been worked extensively at
Biddeford. The district, in its northwestern part, is ex-
ceedingly mountainous; thence southeastward it subsides
successively into hilly, undulating, and finally quite level
surfaces near the sea. The great body of pulverized mate-
rial lying above the bed-rock is made up of sand and gravel,
with sandy and gravelly loams. The lower portion of the
basin is quite thoroughly denuded of forests; the upper
170 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

half is still heavily wooded, being cleared only upon the
intervals of the streams and the more cultivated portions.

The estimated rain-fall, from the average for the State, is
135,000,000,000 cubic feet yearly. It is probably some-
what in excess of the mean for the State, owing to the in-
fluence of the mountains and the lower latitude of the
basin ; but the amount of excess, if any, is not known, and
is accordingly not represented in the figures.

The mean direction of the Saco River is southeast. The
chief deviation from this course occurs at Fryeburg, where
it originally, and prior to a cut across an inclosed peniusula,
traversed, and to this day in part traverses, an extensive
loop or curve, and finally leaves the town only about four
miles from the point of access. Otherwise, and excepting
mere local sinuosities, it flows in nearly the shortest line
from the mountains to the sea.

The principal affluents are the following :

 

 

 

 

 
 

Name. Where Received.
2 Little Ossipee, Limington.
From the right bank .........6 { Great Ossipee, Cornish.
Upper Kezar, Fryeburg.
From the left bank...........06 { Great Cold, Siawe:
Basin. Srream.
NAME.
Length,| Breadth,| Area, | Length,| Estimated Dis-
miles. | miles. | sq. miles.| miles. |charge, cubic feet.
Little Ossipee......... 17 16 182 30 7,100,000,000
Great Ossipee......... 27 18 240 33 9,300,000,000
Upper Kezar...,...... 12 8 62 14 2,400,000,000
Great Cold..cue.] 12 7 60 12 2,340,000,000

 

The length of the streams as given above does not in-
clude their local windings.

The Saco in its upper part is drawn around the southern
slope of the White Mountains in such a manner as to carry
off a considerable part of the surplus waters which would
otherwise be discharged by the Merrimac; this contributes
largely to its annual delivery, but not to its uniformity of
volume at different seasons.

The length of the main river from its source among the
mountains to the sea, not including the minuter windings,
is about ninety-five miles, twenty-five of which, more or
less, are in New Hampshire. The main water-power sec-
tion of the river is about thirty-five miles long, from Hiram
Falls to the tide.
wide in the vicinity of Saco. The yearly discharge, esti-
mated at forty per cent. of the annual precipitation, is, from
the entire basin, both within and beyond the State, about
54,000,000,000 cubic feet.

The variation of volume is excessive in the upper part,
owing to the mountainous character of the country. The
lower portion of the river likewise fluctuates widely in its
mass of waters at different seasons, though much less than the
upper, owing, first, to the narrowness of the “‘ Gates” —the
passage at Hiram Falls—which dams back the mountain
water over extensive intervals and marshes above; owing,
secondly, to the comparative levelness of the lower portion
of the basin ; and thirdly, to the improvement of the lakes
and ponds for storage. In the drought of summer nearly
40,000 cubic feet per minute for eleven hours a day are
commanded at Saco, or 18,000 cubic feet per minute for

The stream is about six hundred feet.

 

the whole twenty-four hours. The low-run continued day
and night throughout the year would carry off over
9,000,000,000 cubic feet, or about one-sixth of the esti-
mated delivery of the river for the year. ‘The volume at
low water can be increased two or threefold by the use of
the reservoirs of the river. The discharge of the river in
ordinary freshets—eight feet on the middle dam at Saco—
is about 1,900,000 cubic feet per minute. Ten feet are
alleged to be found on the dam in extreme freshets.

The range from lowest to highest water at different points
is as follows:

    
 

Localities. Localities. Feet.
Saco Falls......0.ssccossseees Bonny Eagle Falls......... 6
Union Falls....... Great Falls, Hiram 12
Salmon Falls. Fryeburg Centre..... » 14
Bar Mills Palis...sesnssveres 6 Toll-bridge, Fryeburg..... 11.50

The range in feet above the Great Falls is not a fair ex-
pression of the volume of the river in that section in time
of flood, the water being diffused over an immense expanse
of lowland, as before noticed, and of course proportion-
ately reduced in elevation.

The descent of the river in Maine is moderately steep,
being from the State line at Fryeburg, 67 miles to the tide
at Biddeford, 450 feet, or about 7 feet to the mile, which
gives an average angular depression of 4’.3 per mile. The
current is generally moderate, the greater part of the descent
taking place in sudden breaks or falls. The level of tide is
reached about four miles from the coast, at Biddeford, and
there by a comparatively abrupt pitch of 40 feet.

The slope in the 35 miles constituting the principal
water-power portion of the river, from Biddeford to Hiram
Great Falls, is at the rate of 9.8 feet per mile, correspond-
ing to an angular descent of 6’.8 per mile. In this portion
it is a succession of rapids and falls, and offers numerous
sites for manufacturing of the highest value.

The total number of lakes in the portion of the Saco
basin situated in Maine, and represented on the State map,
is 75, or more than twice the number due to the average
for the whole State. The small ponds are undoubtedly
more fully represented on the map for the thickly-settled
than for the wilderness portions of the State. The lakes
are small compared with the average for Maine, and there
are none strictly first-class in size.

The sum total of lake surface connected with the Saco,
as computed from the State and county maps, is 55 square
miles in Maine, 29 in New Hampshire, 84 in all, or one
square mile to each 16.66 square miles of basin. The
lakes average 0.75 of a square mile each in extent.

Forty hours are required for the passage of water from ~
Ossipee Pond to Saco in an ordinary stage of the river.

POWER ON THE LOWER SECTION OF THE SACO.

If the mean volume of water that, in the present condi-
tion of its reservoirs, can be commanded on the Saco River
from Hiram Falls to the tide, be assumed to be 27,000
cubic feet per minute, for eleven hours a day, in the low
run of summer, the gross power developed in the 343 feet
of fall is 17,493 horse-power for the hours specified, or
699,720 spindles. A large proportion of this power can
be economically improved, the opportunities for dams,
canals, and mills being unusually good. The judicious use
CITY OF SACO. 171

 

of the reservoirs would undoubtedly increase this amount
of power by 200 per cent.

EARLY MILLS.

The first saw-mill at Saco was erected by Capt. Roger
Spencer, some time prior to 1654. On the 17th of Janu-
ary of that year the town granted to John Davis, of York,
“the privilege to set up a saw-mill on the great falls of the
river Saco.” According to the terms of the grant he was
to “have accommodations sufficient for that work the most
convenient that can be fixed upon next to Roger Spencer,”
and to “have timber-land and meadow sufficient for his
work.” The probability is that Mr. Davis never erected
his mill, as we hear nothing further of it. In June, 1659,
Lieut. William Phillips obtained of Richard Vines a grant
of land at Biddeford, and the year following removed to the
place from Boston. He built his house a few rods below
the falls on the Biddeford side, which was a garrison dur-
ing the first Indian war, and the scene of a fierce and
bloody encounter with the savages. Mr. Phillips owned
large estates in Boston, and came here for the purpose of
lumbering, which he carried on extensively for those times.
The year after his removal he purchased one-fourth of
Capt. Spencer’s saw-mill, and the next year employed Capt.
John Alden, his son-in-law, to build another, conveying to
him a one-fourth interest after it was completed. In 1667,
we find him conveying one-half of “the Island against the
mill (now Factory Island) to Capt. John Bonython, for the
consideration of eight hundred pine-trees suitable to make
merchantable boards.’ The spring after he made a contract
for his lumber in England, for we find him engaging to
pay Mr. Richard Hutchinson, of London, merchant, £151
sterling, “in good merchantable pine boards, at the saw-
mills, at Saco Falls.” He also had a grist-mill situated
near his saw-mill.

Maj. Phillips was an extensive owner of lands in this
section, having purchased of the sagamore Fluellen, in
1661, eight miles square, comprising nearly all of the
present towns of Sandford, Alfred, and Waterborough.
His mills were burnt by the Indians during their attack
upon the settlement in 1675. The saw-mill was probably
rebuilt, for we find in his will that he bequeathed his lands
and saw-mill at Saco in equal proportions to his wife and
sons, Samuel and William, reserving one-quarter, which
had been sold to William Taylor for Abraham Harmon, of
Fayal, and a lot near the falls, sold to William Frost.

The next mill which we find any notice of was one which
stood on the east side of the river, east of the island, at a
place known to the early inhabitants as Blackman’s Falls.
Benjamin Blackman built a saw-mill here in 1680, having
purchased 100 acres of land, which embraced all the mill-
privileges on the east side of the river. In August, 1681,
he petitioned the General Assembly for “ liberty to cut tim-
ber upon the commons for the accommodation of his saw-
mill, lying on the east side of Saco River.” Three years
after he purchased a tract on the river, containing about 640
acres, of John Bonython, and the following year 100 acres
of James Gibbins, extending three miles and a half above
the Falls. It appears from Blackman’s deed that he was
acting as agent for a company at Andover, who intended to

 

come and improve the water-power on that side; but it does
not appear that the intended movement was ever made. The
renewal of trouble with the Indians probably prevented it.

About three years later, Sampson Sheafe and Samuel
Walker, of Boston, became, by purchase from Blackman,
part owners of the estate and mills.

In 1691, Capt. George Turfrey built the mill long known
as “the lower mill.” It continued to be renewed from
time to time till 1814, when it was carried away by “ the
The Eddy mill was afterwards built upon
nearly the same site. In 1720, Samuel Cole purchased 12
acres lying above the Turfrey mill, including the “ steep-
fall” privilege, on which he soon after built the Cole mill.
In 1740, Mr. Cole sold, as part of his 12 acres, one-half of
the Gooch mill-privilege to Thomas Wheelwright, of Wells,
and the latter directly after sold 6ne-quarter to Benjamin
Gooch, of Wells. Mr. Cole, in his conveyance to Mr.
Wheelwright, speaks of his “ old mill,” referring to the one
mentioned above, built in 1720.

In the spring of 1741 the three proprietors built the
Gooch mill on the island, then called Gooch Island, sepa-
rated from the mainland by a channel formerly called Jor-
dan’s Creek. The right of Mr. Cole to convey any part of
the island (containing three or four_acres) was long a vered
question, out of which grew innumerable lawsuits.

The improvements made by Mr. Blackman and his asso-
ciates on the east side of the river, of which mention has
already been made, were abandoned during the Indian
troubles which prevailed from 1688 to 1691. A few fami-
lies only remained about the Falls. But the proprietors
had Jaid the foundation on which au enterprising company
began to build about the time of the resettlement of the
town. In 1716 Samuel Walker, of New Jersey, sold his
two-thirds of the Blackman purchase to William Pepperell,
Jy., afterwards Sir William, who was then only twenty
years of age, but was engaged in extensive business with his
father, Col. William Pepperell, of Kittery. The following

great freshet.”

' year young Pepperell purchased the remaining third part

of the tract of Thomas Goodwill, of Boston, who derived the
title from his wife, Rebecca, a daughter of Mr. Blackman.
The conveyance included a privilege for timber on 4500
acres northwest of the purchase. Directly after these
transactions, Mr. Pepperell sold half of the whole tract to
Nathaniel Weare, of Hampton, a millwright and large
speculator in mill property, and Humphrey Scamman, Jr.,
of Saco, mariner, who together, in part payment, erected a
large double saw-mill on the site of the old Blackman mill,
and a dwelling-house for the accommodation of the mill-
men, one-half of which was the property of Mr. Pepperell.
A division of the mill and of a lot of land adjoining, half
a mile square, with a small reservation to be used in com-
mon, was made by the partners, Dec. 16, 1717. Mr. Pep-
perell took a breadth of eighty rods, comprehending the
part of the city east of Main Street to the lower fence
of the burying-ground; Mr. Scamman forty rods next be-
low, and Mr. Weare forty rods to the brook near Pipe-
Stave, or Gray’s Point. They afterwards, on the 20th of
October, 1718, divided among them severally the whole
tract extending from Nichols’ Brook to the upper bounds
of Gibbins’ third division, a distance of four and a quarter
172 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

miles, and in breadth not less than two miles. The com-
pany also proceeded to lay out roads and streets. They
laid out what is now Main Street, “four rods wide,” and
the post-road as far as the house of John Foss. Also the
Buxton and Ferry road to some extent, and a road along
the river through the whole extent of the tract, ‘‘ with con-
venience for men and oxen to pass and repass.” The old
landings, known as “ Dennett's,” “ Pepperell’s,” and ‘ Pipe-
Stave Point,” were. established and reserved for public use
at this time, and many other improvements made of which
it is not our province now to speak.

The valuable island opposite the mills, since known as
Cutts’ or Factory Island, was claimed by the proprietors
under the name of Indian Island, which, however, had
been attached to the Phillips estate with the name of Bony-
thon’s Island, it having been divided between Phillips and
Bonython, as we have seen, in 1667, Bonython taking the
east half and Phillips that next his residence in Bidde-
ford.

The division of the mill was made between Pepperell,
Weare, and Scamman, as follows: ‘Pepperell takes the saw
and frame next to the land, and the piling-place next to the
land ; and the saw and frame next to the river said Weare
and said Scamman are to have, and the piling-place on the
rock next to the river. Each owner of said saw is to
maintain and keep in order his running-gear and saw, and
all that belongs to each frame. As to the house, said
Pepperell has the eastern half, and said Weare and Scam-
man the western half.” Capt. Scamman was the only one
of the proprietors resident in the town. He continued to
carry on the mill till his death, which occurred in 1734.
The estate of Capt. Scamman, soon after his decease, was
divided among his children.

Scamman’s mill was probably burnt by the Indians, July
19, 1745. We find in Parson Smith’s journal of that date
an account of the Indians burning the garrison and saw-
mill at Saco.

In 1750 we find that the settlement on the western side
of the river was the most considerable. The three saw-
mills—those of Gooch and Cole and the Lower Mill—gave
employment to many individuals who were settled in that
vicinity. A ferry had been established several years before,
just below the lower bridges. It was kept on the western
side by Elisha Allen, who traded and entertained travelers
in a small one-story house. Such were the mercantile and
hotel accommodations of Biddeford one hundred and
twenty-nine years ago.

Until 1731, Capt. Scamman, and the persons employed
in his saw-mill and their families, were all the residents on
the eastern side at the Falls, or what is now the city of Saco.
The inhabitants of the town up to that time were chiefly
located near the sea, at Old Orchard, and towards the mouth
of the river.

In 1731, Mr. Weare transferred three-fourths of his land
and mill to Richard Berry, John Elden, and John Sellea,
and soon after one-eighth to Thomas Dearborn, and the re-
mainder to Abraham Tyler and Jeremiah Moulton. Dear-
born sold a part to James Berry in 1737, and Tyler and
Moulton to William Berry, the year following. The
Berrys all lived at the Falls.

 

Up to this date few improvements had been made on the
island known as Great or Indian Island. Col. Thomas
Cutts, afterwards the eminent merchant, was the first to
perceive and appreciate the importance of the island for
manufacturing and commercial purposes, and he resolved to
make it the seat of his business. He came to Saco in 1758,
with a capital of only $100. In 1759 he purchased a small
undivided part of the island, being a fourth of Weare’s
original share, for about $90, and soon after built a small
house with conveniences for a store on the southwest end
of the island, to which he removed. A bridge had been
recently thrown across the narrow part of the stream on the
east side and a road laid out. A ferry was at the same
time established from that part of the island to Alden’s, on
the west side, thereby avoiding more than half the distance
of the old route from Pepperell’s Wharf. After the erec-
tion of the proprietor’s bridge at the same place, in 1767,
with which the inhabitants on the west side were highly
gratified, Mr. Cutts began to reap the full advantages of a
situation so judiciously chosen. Besides the business of
his store, which became greater than that of any other in
the vicinity, he entered into ship-building and navigation,
and up to the commencement of the Revolution was en-
gaged in a timber trade with the West India Islands equally
profitable and extensive. He continued to occupy his first
house about twenty years, in which were born all but one
of his eight children. In 1782 the family removed to the
elegant mansion-house on the upper part of the island,
where Col. Cutts passed the remainder of his life. The
Pepperell estate being confiscated by the government, on
account of the loyalty of the proprietor to the king in the
war for independence, Col. Cutts became the purchaser of
a large share of it. Half of Great Lot (about 1200 acres)
was purchased by him in different portions, and he also ob-
tained the title to nearly 1000 acres of the remainder of
the tract, valued by the appraisers of his estate at $20,450.
The Pepperell half of the saw-mill also became his, with
other parts of the confiscated property. Col. Cutts died
Jan. 10, 1821; his real estate at that time was estimated
at $100,000 in value.

SACO AND BIDDEFORD MANUFACTURES.

The enterprises of Col. Cutts brought the advantages of
the island, as the seat of manufacturing interests, before
the public. ~ The improvements on the island at the time
of his death were a large iron-factory, two saw-mills, double
and treble, a treble grist-mill, and various mechanics’ shops.
The iron-works were erected under the direction of Josiah
Calef, Esq., in 1811, and were owned jointly by Mr. Calef
and Col. Cutts. They comprised a rolling-mill, slitting-
mill, and 11 machines for the manufacture of nails, turning
out at least 3500 pounds of nails per day. The manufac-
ture of lumber was also a large interest here before 1800,
there being 17 saws on and about the Falls. The lumber
cut per day has been estimated at 50,000 feet. Clapboards,
staves, shooks, heading, hoops, shingles, lath, ship- and
building-timber, were manufactured for the West Indies
and points on the coast. For the year ending Sept. 30,
1827, 21,000,000 feet had been sawn,—the greater part for
the home trade.
 

Photo. by A. 8S. McKenney, Saco,

JOHN JOHNSON,

second son of Bradbury and Rachel (Short) John-
son, was born in Haverhill, Mass., Aug. 21, 1789.
His father was a contractor and builder; came to
Saco, in 1802, with his family, and was engaged
in building many of the best structures of Saco
prior to his death, Dec. 14, 1820; among which
was the old Orthodox church, which has_ since
been burned, and also the Captain Stephen’s house
at the ferry.

John Johnson learned the business of a builder
with his father, which he carried on during his life.
He erected many of the finest and most substantial
residences and public buildings in Saco and Bidde-
ford, among which is the Unitarian church edifice.

He was a member of the Calvinist Baptist Church
for many years prior to his decease, Noy. 22,
1875. He was a member of the Masonic fraternity
for many years. He was known to the people of

Saco as a man of sterling integrity in all his busi-

 

ness relations, of a very social nature, a good neigh-
bor, a man of correct habits, and one who fulfilled
the whole duty of the citizen. He first married,
June 80, 1814, Jane Chandler, who was born Oct.
18, 1796.
Mrs. Joseph Emery, of San Francisco, Cal.; Mrs.
Jotham Moulton, of Biddeford; Mrs. Samuel Tay,
of Medford, Mass. Mrs. Johnson died Oct. 18,
1831.

He married, second, Mary, daughter of Henry
and Sarah (Cleaves) Jameson, Aug. 3, 1834. She

was born March 18, 1802, and survives in 1879.

She has one son living, William T. Johnson, a

The children of this union living are

piano and music dealer in New York City. Her
maternal grandfather, John Cleaves, kept the States
tavern for forty years, prior to the use of rail-
roads. He was an active and influential citizen
of Saco, and died there at the age of about seventy

years.
CITY OF SACO. 173

 

COTTON-MILLS.

SACO MANUFACTURING COMPANY.

In the spring of 1825 the island, with the exception of
a small part, the property of Mr. D. Cutts, was purchased
by a company, principally of Boston, called the Saco Man-
ufacturing Company, for the purpose of erecting a cotton-
factory. The iron-works, with the other improvements,
were included in the purchase. The whole cost to the
company was $110,000. They bought at the same time a
considerable part of the privileges on the opposite side of
the river for $10,000. The operations were rather mod-
erate in their progress, so that preparations only were made
during the first year. In 1826 a mill was erected 210 feet
in length and 47 in width, consisting of 7 floors, and caleu-
lated to contain 12,000 spindles and 300 looms. The ex-
cavation of a canal, leading from the head of the fall to
the site of the factory, and carried in part through a bed
of solid rock, was attended with great labor and expense.
A large number of experienced and skillful workmen were
employed in the construction of the necessary machinery,
and the establishment was gradually put in operation. In
the summer of 1829 there were about 500 persons con-
nected with it, of whom more than 400 occupied the com-
pany’s tenements on the island. The goods manufactured
acquired a high reputation in the market, and notwithstand-
ing the pressure of the times, a handsome profit was realized
from the products. Early in 1829 the stock of machinery
for the whole establishment was completed, on which the
sum of $200,000 had been expended by the company.
But the fruits of all this labor (much of which was exe-
cuted with a skill and ingenuity seldom equaled) was swept
away in a disastrous conflagration, which commenced about
two o'clock P.M.,on Sunday, Feb. 21, 1830,* in the basement
story, and rapidly extended through every part of the build-
ing. In the course of three hours this fine structure, with
its complete equipments,—one of the noblest monuments of
New England enterprise—was a heap of smouldering ruins.
This lossf was so severe a blow to the Saco Manufacturing
Company that they deemed it advisable not to rebuild.
The advantages of the situation, however, were too impor-
tant to allow the site to remain long unoccupied.

YORK MANUFACTURING COMPANY.

On the 16th of March, 1831, the York Company was
incorporated with a capital of $1,200,000. The original
incorporators were Charles Bradbury, Charles W. Cart-
wright, and James Johnson, of Boston; Ether Shepley,
Jonathan King, George Thacher, and Josiah Calef, of Saco.
The company’s buildings occupy about 10 acres of ground
on Factory, formerly Indian, or Cutts’ Island. The mills
and other buildings are of brick, substantially built, with
slate roofs, and both in structure and equipments will
compare favorably with any in the manufacturing towns of
New England. The mills of the York Company are three,
as follows: No. 1 Mill proper, 488 by 46 feet, five stories ;
attached at one end is a picker-building, 85 by 55, five

 

% See Kennebunk Gazette, Feb. 27, 1830, on file in the York Insti-
tute, for full particulars of this fire.
+ Loss, $250,000; insurance, $80,000.

 

stories, and at the other a building 72 by 70, four stories,
making No. 1 Mill with an entire length of 650 feet. Nos.
2 and 3 Mills are 160 by 46 feet each, five stories high.
The picker attached to No. 3 Mill is 50 by 80 feet, and two
stories. There are two dyeing-, drying-, and finishing-houses ;
the first is 156 by 70 feet, three stories,—the first story
being used exclusively for dyeing, the second for finishing
cloth, called the finishing-room, or cloth hall. The third
story is used for skein-winding, filling-winding, twisting,
and warping. The other building is three stories, 90 by 70
feet, the lower part used for dying, and the other two
stories for drying purposes. The company make their own
gas from petroleum. The office and counting-rooms are in
a substantial brick building; the store-rooms are of large
capacity ; the machine-shops, carpenter-shops, and other
appendages being such as usually belong to first-class man-
ufacturing establishments. Besides the buildings men-
tioned there are 28 brick boarding-houses, agent's house,
stables, etc., the whole occupying about 10) acres on Factory
Island.

The York Mills have 1000 looms, 33,000 spindles, and
give employment to 1000 operatives. Their monthly pay-
roll is $25,000. They manufacture colored cotton goods
of every variety, the products amounting to 9,000,000
yards per annum. Up to February, 1878, the capital
stock of the company was $1,200,000; it was then re-
duced to $900,000. The goods of the company are all
sold by George C. Richardson & Co., Boston and New
York,

The agents of the York Company have been Mr. Samuel
Bachelder, who took charge of the manufacturing in 1831,
and remained till 1844; Amos H. Boyd, 1844-54; S. J.
Wetherell, 1854-56; Hannaniah Temple, 1856-67 ; Ira
H. Foss, 1867, and still in charge.

The following have been the treasurers: Pliny Cutler,
William Dwight, Samuel Bachelder, Hannaniah Temple,
Walter Hastings, and William G. Saltonstall.

SACO WATER-POWER COMPANY.

Before giving a sketch of the other manufacturing com-
panies it will be proper to refer to the operations of the
Saco Water-Power Company, by whose labors and enter-
prise the valuable power at the Falls has been rendered so
largely available. This company was organized in 1839,
and purchased the eastern half of Factory Island of the
York Company. In order to its control and utilization the
company also purchased all the water-power in Saco and Bid-
deford, including Spring’s and Bradbury’s dams at Spring’s
Island, about an eighth of a mile above the Falls. These
were secured in order to economize the flow of water in dry
seasons. The dams extend from the island to the main-
land on either side, and are provided with sets of gates
which are kept shut at night to retain the water for use at
the mills. The head thus gained is considerable, being suf-
ficient in twenty-four hours to cause a back-flow to Union
Falls, some eight or nine miles up the river.

As a part of their plan for increasing the value of the
power at Saco and Biddeford, the company in 1847 pur-
chased the water-powers up the river at Union Falls and
Salmon Falls, and have since, by different purchases, obtained
174 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

control of the principal reservoirs of the river-—Great Ossi-
pee, in Ossipee and Freedom, N. H.; Moose Pond, in Den-
mark; Upper Kezar, in Lovell and Stowe; Watchic Pond,
in Standish ; Horn Pond, in Limington; Little Ossipee, in
Waterborough, and others.*

The great freshet in 1843 swept away all the dams at
Saco and Biddeford. It was caused by the unusually deep
snow in April, which, melting rapidly, produced the freshet,
with its disastrous consequences, May Ist. The Water-
Power Company rebuilt the dams in such a permanent
manner that they have since remained, aud may be consid-
ered proof against the contingencies of any freshet that
may ever occur.

The engineering done by this company, in the plan and
location of the Pepperell and Laconia Mills, is one of the
most interesting features connected with these extensive
manufacturing establishments. The mills are so located
that the water brought in a canal from the head of the Falls
supplies each set alternately. The canal is 48 feet wide,
500 feet long, and excavated the whole distance through
the solid rock. It was constructed by the Water-Power
Company in 1840. A similar canal also supplies water
to the York Mills on the island, and was first constructed
by the Saco Manufacturing Company in 1826.

The Saco Water-Power Company was instrumental in
giving the first impulse to the growth of the city of Bid-
deford. In 1841, when they built their machine- and
blacksmith-shops, there were but two brick houses in the
place. These were the Tracy House and the residence of
Mr. Charles Gould, on Alfred Street. Besides the erection
of the Laconia and Pepperell Mills, Nos. 1 and 2, in 1841
and 1848, respectively, and the extensive boarding-houses of
these companies, the Water-Power Company also built the
Biddeford House block and others within the city corpora-
tion. Up to 1870 they leased the water to the Pepperell
and Laconia Companies, since which these companies have
owned the powers.

Rufus Nichols was the first superintendent. In 1841,
Mr. Thomas Quinby took charge of the engineering depart-
ment, and has been engineer and agent ever since, with the
exception of about five years’ absence.

THE LACONIA MANUFACTURING COMPANY

was incorporated Feb. 19, 1841, the incorporators being
Parker McCobb, Samuel Bachelder, Rufus Nichols, James
Montgomery, and their associates. No. 1 Mill was built
in 1844, and went into operation in July, 1845. Dimen-
sions, 260 by 50 feet, and five stories high. No. 2 Mill
was built in 1845. It is 313 by 60 feet; height, four stories
and attic. No. 3 Mill, built in 1846-47, and put in opera-
tion in 1848. Dimensions, 262 by 62 feet, four stories.
No. 4 Mill was built in 1873, and went into operation in
1874. Size, 274 by 74 feet, and five stories. The other
buildings are as follows: No. 1 Picker, 80 by 44 feet, three
stories; Nos. 2 and 3 Picker, 175 by 84 feet, three stories;
three cotton-houses, respectively, 225 by 36 feet, 200 by
40 feet, and 100 by 60 feet; repair-shop, boiler-shop, belt-

 

* The areas of these ponds are respectively: Great Ossipee, 3800
acres; Moose Pond, 1650 acres; Upper Kezar, 2065 acres; Little
Ossipee, 525 acres; Watchic, 425 acres; Horn Pond, 150 acres.

 

shop, reed-shop, and harness-shop, 275 by 36 feet, including
also on first floor, office, counting-room, and packing-hall.
There are four blocks of boarding-houses, each 150 by 36
feet, three stories; carpenter-shop, box-making, and napping-
room for canton-flannel, 150 by 30 feet; waste-house, 44
by 30 feet.

The Laconia Company operate 2000 looms, 76,000 spin-
dles, and employ 1400 operatives, with a monthly pay-roll
of from $20,000 to $25,000. They manufacture annually
19,756,000 yards, or 6,250,000 pounds, of cotton fabrics.

The agents of the Laconia have been as follows: Otis
Holmes, 1845 to March, 1848; Rufus Nichols, March,
1848, to November, 1848; Augustine Haines, November,
1848, to May, 1872; William P. Haines, May, 1872, to
July, 1879 ;¢ James G. Brackett, since July, 1879.

THE PEPPERELL MANUFACTURING COMPANY

was incorporated Feb. 16, 1844, with a capital of $1,200,-
000. The incorporators were Josiah Calef, Samuel Bach-
elder, Rufus Nichols, and Jonathan King, of Saco, and
John Anderson, Parker McCobb, and Charles 8. Daveis, of
Portland, and their associates.

This company own and operate three mills. Nos. 1 and
2 are joined by a building 76 by 75 feet, the whole structure
thus joined being 659 by 75 feet, and five stories in height.
No. 3 Mill is the same height, 332 by 75 feet, and has two
picker buildings attached at the ends,—118 by 50. One
cotton- and cloth-house is 394 by 50 feet, three stories ; the
other is 147 by 40 feet, one story and basement. Repair-
shops, 128 by 50; lumber-room, 120 by 50, three stories.
Boarding-house block, 416 by 50, containing 16 tenements.
These buildings are all of brick, substantially constructed.
No. 1 Mill is surmounted by a fine belfry and clock-tower.
The office and counting-rooms of the company occupy a
convenient building of brick 60 by 50 feet, two stories high.

The Pepperell Mills contain 2200 looms, 82,000 spindles;
1700 operators are employed; the monthly pay-roll is
$25,000, and the number of yards of shirtings, sheetings,
jeans, and drills made average about 20,000,000 per annum.

The following have been the agents of this company:

_ William P. Haines, 1851-64; Ferguson Haines, 1864-67 ;

William P. Haines, 1867-79 ;t Reuben M. Hobbs, since
July 2, 1879.

THE SACO WATER-POWER MACHINE-SHOP

was incorporated in 1867, and purchased the machine-shops
of the Saco Water-Power Company. A. D. Lockwood,
William Dwight, Benjamin E. Bates, Josiah Bardwell,
James H. MeMullan, and William P. Haines were the in-
corporators. The capital stock of the company is $300,000,
and they are engaged in the manufacture of cotton ma-
chinery, employing 500 hands, to whom they pay monthly
an aggregate sum of from $15,000 to $20,000. Mr.
James H. McMullan is the agent of the company, who
has had charge of the business from the first. ‘The officers
of the company are A. D, Lockwood, President; Spencer
W. Richardson, Treasurer; and Charles M. Moses, Clerk.
Directors, Nathaniel Walker, A. D. Lockwood, John Web-
ster, John D. Parker, and 8. W. Richardson.

} Date of his death,

 

tf Died July 2, 1879.
  

THOMAS QUINBY (Moses,’ Capt. John,? Joseph’) is a
descendant in the fourth generation from Joseph Quinby,
who was born in Wales, Great Britain; came to Portland,
Me., prior to 1740, and in that year married Mary,
daughter of Deacon Thomas Haskell, one of the early
settlers.

Capt. John Quinby, son of Joseph, was born in Port-
land, and was a merchant there. He married a daughter
of John Freeman, of Cape Cod; removed to Stroudwater
just prior to the destruction of Falmouth by the British, in
1775.

Moses, son of Capt. John Quinby, born April 19, 1786,
died April 2, 1875; he graduated in a class of six at
Bowdoin College in 1806; was a member of the Cumber-
land County bar, and during the earlier part of his life
practiced law in Portland. He married Anne, daughter of
Andrew Phillips Titcomb, a descendant of William Tit-
comb, who came from Newbury, England, and settled in
Newbury, Mass., in 1635.

Thomas Quinby, son of Moses, was born in Westbrook,
Cumberland Co., Me., Dec. 15, 1813; married, in 1835,
Jane E., daughter of Dexter Brewer, of Westbrook. She
was born in Portland in 1818, and is a descendant on the
maternal side from Nicholas Frost, who came to Piscataqua
about the year 1636, and settled at Sturgeon Creek, near
Eliot, Me., and died July 20, 1663, aged seventy-four.
Her mother, Jane E. Brewer, was a daughter of Jane
Frost, who was a daughter of Andrew Pepperell Frost,
who was son of Charles Frost, third son of Hon. John
Frost, who married Mary, sister of Sir William Pepperell.

Their children are: Lucretia Day, died at the age of
twenty-one; Henry B., M.D., a graduate of Bowdoin in
the class of ’69, and also of Columbian University, medical
department, married Octavia M., daughter of B. J. Cole,
of Lake Village, N. H.; Fred. Quinby, M.D., a graduate
of Detroit Medical College in the class of '75, married

 

     
 
   
 

     
    
     

Bs

       

   

Y

 
      

Photo, by E. H. McKenney, Biddeford,

ead
an

Carrie I., daughter of Henry Ross, of Saco, Me.; Thomas
F. Quinby, M.D., a graduate of the College of Physicians
and Surgeons, of New York in the class of 78, and sub-
sequently a student for one year at Heidelberg, Germany.

Mr. Quinby received his education in the common
school and at Parsonsfield Academy, and for some four
terms was a teacher. He learned civil engineering with
the well-known James Hall, of Portland; was with that
gentleman in reconnoitering the Atlantic and St. Lawrence
Railroad route, now the Grand Trunk; in surveying for a
canal from Moose Head Lake to the mouth of Sebasticook
River; and in the preliminary survey of the Portland,
Saco and Portsmouth Railroad, about 1840. He made a
survey of Portland in 1840, for the purpose of making a
plan of the city, and was engaged for some time near
Temiscouata Lake for a lumbering party.

In April, 1841, he came to Biddeford as engineer, book-
keeper, and paymaster of the Saco Water-Power Company,
which was incorporated in 1837, and in 1852 was elected
agent of the company. He filled these several places until
December, 1869, and in 1870 went to Portland to take
charge of the Portland and Rochester Railroad as superin-
tendent, and settled the land damages on that road from
Alfred to Rochester. After performing the duties of this
office for two years he returned to Biddeford, where he
remains in 1879, having resumed his former position in
connection with the Saco Water-Power Company.

Mr. Quinby was elected county commissioner in 1866,
which position he resigned a short time prior to his super-
intendency of the Portland, Saco and Portsmouth Railroad,
in 1870. He was a director of the Biddeford Bank from
its organization until 1870.

For many years he has been prominently connected with
various local institutions ; is a member of Dunlap Lodge of
Free and Accepted Masons, and of the York Royal Arch
Chapter.
CITY OF SACO. 175

 

BOOT AND SHOE MANUFACTURE.

Mention should be made here of the boot and shoe in-
terest of Biddeford, which is quite large. There are three
firms engaged in the manufacture, viz., S. Newcomb & Co.,
No. 11 South Street; C. P. Emery & Co., No. 227 Main
Street ; Dearborn & Day, No. 184 Main Street.

Mr. Newcomb is the oldest boot and shoe manufacturer
in the city, having begun on a capital of $28 in 1852,
then disposing only of what he could make with his own
hands of ladies’ fine work. His work gained a good re-
putation, and he enlarged his facilities as his means in-
creased, adding steam-power and machinery. In 1863 he
erected his present building, which has been several times
enlarged to meet the growing demands of trade. They
have now the capacity for making 500 pairs per day when
run to the full extent, and have made as high as 320 pairs,
employing about 100 hands.

Mr. C. P. Emery started manufacturing in Buxton about
1865, and was for a time engaged with Mr. Newcomb.
The firm of C. P. Emery & Co. employ steam-power and
machinery, and manufacture about 250 pairs per day of
ladies’ fine boots and shoes. Messrs. Dearborn & Day do
about the same amount of business in the same line of

goods.
OLD ORCHARD BEACH.

That portion of Saco lying upon the bay, between the
mouth of the river and Scarborough, is known as Old Or-
chard Beach. This famous watering-place derives its name
from an old orchard planted in the early days of the Saco
Colony, by Thomas Rogers, who settled at the mouth of
Goosefair Brook, as early as 1638. Goosefair Brook rises
in the heath in the northern part of Saco and empties into
the Atlantic Ocean (or Saco Bay, as this portion of it is
appropriately called) about midway of the beach, which ex-
tends in the form of a crescent along the curve of the bay
a distance of about nine miles from the Saco River to Scar-
borough. It is a shallow stream, and at low tide is easily
crossed. Here was an ancient ford, or wading-place, and
here, upon the marshes, it is said, flocked multitudes of
wild geese, from which, probably, the stream derived its
nane.*

Thomas Rogers settled on the east side, near the ocean,
where he had a noted farm or plantation, called by the early
geographers “ Rogers’ Garden.” He planted fruit-trees,
and cultivated the grape-vine, which was brought from
Wood Island, where an abundance of them grew when the
country was first discovered. The lands now owned by
the Old Orchard Association were a portion of this farm.
During King Philip’s war the house of Mr. Rogers was
attacked by the Indians, and after a severe struggle, in
which several of them were killed and wounded, they with-
drew, mortified at their repulse, and taking to their canoes
went to Scarborough, where, at Black Point, they burned
several houses. Rogers immediately after this removed
with his family to Kittery, leaving some goods in his

 

* It may be that the early inhabitants came here to hold their goose-
faire, The country was well adapted to the raising of geese, and Vines
made it obligatory upon the lessees to pay a portion of their annual
rents in this squawking commodity.—(See Folsom, p. 36; also history
of Biddeford in this work.)

 

house. A party of young men was sent to take them
away, when they were attacked by the Indians in ambush,
and all slain. A son of Mr. Rogers was one of the num-
ber. The house was burned by the Indians. The bodies
of the young men were afterwards found upon the beach by
the inhabitants and buried on the shore near where the house
stood. Mr. Rogers never returned to his farm, but the
apple-trees which he planted remained to mark the spot,
and to give name to a place now famous among summer re-
sorts. Some of these trees were standing in 1770, having,
without doubt, stood for more than a hundred and twenty-
five years.

At what time Old Orchard Beach first began to be a place
of resort is uncertain. A tradition has it that the first settlers
were in the habit of visiting it once every year on the
24th of June, St. John the Baptist’s day, either in com-
memoration of that day in sports upon the beautiful beach,
or because the temperature of the sea had become suffi-
ciently modified for bathing. About that time has usually
been considered the opening of the season since it became
a modern resort.

The first foreign visitors came to Old Orchard about
1840, and boarded with Mr. E. C. Staples, the present pro-
prietor of the Olid Orchard House. Mr. Staples then lived
in a plain furm-house, the home of his ancestors,—a house
which has since been remodeled into the Staples Cottage.
It stood near where it now stands, and is more than a cen-
tury old. The first boarders were charmed with the place,
and the next year brought more than the house could ac-
commodate.

Among the early patrons of Mr. Staples were gentlemen
and their ladies from Montreal, who came the whole dis-
tance in their own private carriages. The Portsmouth and
Portland Railroad was opened in 1842, and the Grand
Trunk from Montreal to Portland in 1852. These brought
passengers to Saco Station, within four miles of the Beach,
and from that time the demand for hotel accommodations
increased with great rapidity. Mr. Staples commenced to
build additions to his house, and from year to year contin-
ued to enlarge it until the Old Orchard House, accommodat-
ing 300 guests, had been erected. This was popular and
prosperous until destroyed by fire, July 21,1875. Board-
ing-houses have been increasing and enlarging for several
years, and now there are more than 25, with accommoda-
tions for 4000 guests.

The Beach presents a fine view of the ocean, there being
no islands within a considerable sweep to obstruct the pros-
pect. The waves are seen rolling in from the very horizon,
and breaking with a gentle or powerful surf according as
they are impelled by moderate or strong winds. Usually
there is a mild and delightful sea-breeze prevailing during
the summer, and little roughness to interfere with the pleas-
ure of surf-bathing. There are no dangerous undercur-
rents, and at low tide the beach is a smooth, solid driving-
course, upon which hundreds of carriages may pass and
repass without interruption. During the pleasure season
thousands here assemble to engage in sea-side sports;
nothing can exceed the gayety and joyousness of the scene.
For miles gay equipages throng this wave-washed highway,
and the surf is alive with jubilant bathers.
We copy from J. 8. Locke’s ‘Pen and Pencil Sketches |
of Old Orchard” a few of the notable features, which have
been written up with special care

FERN PARK.

The ocean and the beach are not the only attractions at
Old Orchard.
meadow, field, forest, and flourishing farms; and Fern
Park, a short distance from the hotels, is a place of great
natural beauty. It is a dense forest of hard wood and ever-
green trees, through which walks and avenues have been
laid out, and rustic arbors erected.

There is an inland scenery of marsh,

This was done under
the direction of Mr. Bull, one of the early patrons of the
Old Orchard House,—a man of great taste and refinement,
who spent much time in this charming place. The mottoes
which he erected over the arbors and along the avenues
remain memorials of his poetic genius and refinement.

In this natural park are found many of the wild-flowers
of Maine, and the botanist here has facilities for pursuing
his interesting studies. Those who gather flowers simply
because they love them find here pleasure in hunting out
and bringing to human admiration the little bright-eyed
blossoms that in the dark depths of the forest were ‘born
to blush unseen, and waste their sweetness on the desert
air.” Here, like a cluster of corals in an emerald setting,
grows the bright bunch berry, and the partridge-vine and
The
modest violet, the delicate star-flower, and the fragrant
checker-berry flourish here, and from the abundance of
lichens and ferns the place is appropriately called Fern
Park. It is about one mile from the beach, on the Saco
road, directly opposite the grounds of the Camp-Meeting
Association.

sweet tiny twin-flower twine the moss-covered logs.

FERRY BEACH.

Its name is derived from the lower ferry at the mouth
of the Saco River. It is that portion of Old Orchard west
of Goosefair Brook. At the west end of this beach is
what was early known as Bare-Knee Point; the gradual
curve of the sandy shore, having a fancied resemblance to
From this extends the
Breakwater, which was completed by government in 1876,
at a cost of $150,000. It is composed of huge granite
blocks dropped in a continuous line for more than a mile,
and was made for the purpose of extending the channel of
the river so as to remove the sand-bar at its mouth, which
at low tides obstructed shipping.

a human limb, gave it this name.

The breakwater accom-
plished the desired object, and large ships can now pass at
lowest tides without grounding.

Back of this beach, at the west end, is a pine-forest of
eight acres, which has recently been laid out in walks, ram-
bles, streets, and avenues, and called Ferry Beach Park.
This place offers many attractions for summer homes. It
was originally a favorite resort for the Indian tribes. In
winter they journeyed, on moose-hide snow-shoes, from their
inland homes to feast upon the shell-fish and sea-birds so
abundant on this shore.

The abundant shell-heaps in the vicinity are relics of the
red man’s residence.

“ Here they built their tall bark wigwams;
Ilere they danced and sang their war-songs ; |

 

HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

Here they sat and, looking westward,
Smoked the pipe of peace together,
Sang aloud to the Great Spirit,

Whose bright realms they would inherit,
Far beyond the golden sunset.

Him they saw in clouds and tempests,
Heard him talking in the thunder,

Felt he loved his brave red children,
And would bring them all together
Where the hunting-grounds were better,
In that far-off bright Forever.”

“SONG OF OLD ORCHARD.
“By EUGENE BATCHELDER.
“ Arr—My Maryland.

“Old Orchard Beach is broad and fair ;

Happy, fair Old Orchard.

Old Orchard Beach is free from care;
Happy, fair Old Orchard.

When we feel our cares increase,

When we wish to be at peace,

Then we fly where sorrows cease,
To happy, fair Old Orchard.— Repeat.

“The wit and grace of all the land

Resort to fair Old Orchard ;

They roam along the yellow strand,
At happy, fair Old Orchard.

Here the world seems bright and gay,

Here the hours fly swift away,

On the shores of Saco Bay,
At happy, fair Old Orchard.

“ Here’s a right good ringing cheer

For happy, fair Old Orchard ;

Here’s to friends, both far and near,
We’ve met at fair Old Orchard.

When we wander far away,

Still we'll think of those who stay,

And trust again to meet some day,
At happy, fair Old Orchard!

“Op OrcHARD Hovssg, August 7, 1862.”

 

Photo. by Dupee, Portland.
EBENEZER C. STAPLES

was born in Saco, March 8, 1808. He was the third son
in a family of ten children of Elisha and Elizabeth (Cole)
Staples. His grandfather, Elisha, settled the farm on
CITY OF SACO. 177

 

which he now resides, coming from Biddeford about 1790.
His ancestors were of English birth, and first settled in
Kittery on coming to this country. From eleven years of
age to sixteen Ebenezer was on the sea. He then learned
the shoe-making trade, which, with farming, he followed for
thirty years. The remainder of his life has been spent in
keeping a public-house at “ Old Orchard” for the conveni-
ence of pleasure-seekers during the summer season, a full
description of which will be found in the history of Old
Orchard.

He married, March 30, 1830, Eliza I., daughter of Israel
and Mary Buker, of Biddeford, of which town she was a
native. Of this union were born eight children, six of
whom are living,—Mary, widow of John Marston, of Par-
sonsfield; Franklin G., proprietor of the “Sea- View House,”
“Qld Orchard Beach;” Henry W. and Charles F., con-
nected with their father in the management of the “ Old
Orchard House,” which accommodates five hundred guests ;
Josephine, widow of Charles L. Moses, of Charleston, 8. C. ;
and Helena A.

Mr. Staples has been an active, enterprising business
man, known for his integrity in all his business relations,
and his name is familiar among the tourists in every State
of the Union as a hospitable and gentlemanly host.

CAMP-MEETING ASSOCIATION.

In July, 1873, an association was formed under this title,
with Rev. I. Luce president, which purchased a tract of
land, containing about 50 acres, within half a mile of the
beach. A large portion of this was covered by a dense
forest of oak, maple, and pine, in which was a valley form-
ing a natural amphitheatre. In this the association erected
commodious seats for the accommodation of 7000 worship-
ers. At the centre of this stands the speaker’s desk, and
so remarkable are the acoustic properties of the place that
throughout this vast auditorium the voice of an ordinary
speaker can be distinctly heard. It seems as if nature de-
signed this place especially for camp-meetings. Around this
auditorium are erected tents and cottages. Many families
spend the whole season there. The grounds of the associa-
tion are regularly laid out in streets and avenues. On
many of the cottage lots buildings are already erected,
and others are inviting purchasers. ‘There are no sea-side
resorts that offer more social and religious advantages than
Old Orchard. During 1879, from July 16th till Septem-
ber Ist, there were held five camp-meetings, at which were
present the best talent and highest culture of the country.

The officers of the association are, President, Rev. I. D.
Munger ; Secretary, Rev. D. B. Randall; Treasurer, J. M.
Palmer, Esq. With these gentlemen any business of the
Association may be transacted.

To accommodate the patrons of the camp-meetings, the
Boston and Maine Railroad has erected a depot (Camp-
Ground Station) a short distance from the ground, at
which all passengers for the camp-meetings should leave
the trains.

PORTLAND AND BOSTON STEAMERS.

For Bostonians and tourists passing through Boston, to
or from Old Orchard, there is no conveyance more conve-
23

 

nient and comfortable than by these steamers. They leave
India Wharf, Boston, for Portland, every evening, at seven
o'clock, and returning, leave Portland for Boston at the
same hour. Old Orchard is fifteen miles west of Portland,
from which six trains daily pass it, the earliest leaving
Portland at six a.m.

Passengers by this route can leave Boston at night; thus
they have a view of Boston harbor, see islands and distant
shores at sunset, avoid the heat, dust, and fatigue of rail-
road travel, have a night’s quiet slumber, pass the island,
and picturesque scenery of Portland at sunrise, and with a
railroad ride of only thirty minutes arrive at Old Orchard
in time for early breakfast. By taking advantage of the
generous excursion rates offered by the company, an inter-
esting tour may be made at a trifling expense.

BOSTON AND MAINE RAILROAD.

In 1878 this road, which had previously extended only
from Boston to South Berwick, on the west side of Maine,
was opened through to Portland along the coast, through
Wells, Kennebunk, Saco, and Scarborough. Thus the sea-
side resorts were accommodated with railroad facilities, and
Old Orchard, which previously could be reached only by a
stage journey of four miles, was favored with two commo-
dious depots on its shores. This brought increased patron-
age, and each summer the Boston and Maine has been a
popular thoroughfare for all guests of Old Orchard. Dur-
ing the present year (1879) the depot has been enlarged to
meet the demand of travel. Four trains daily pass between
Boston and Portland, besides local trains between Kenne-
bunk and Portland; hence the train accommodations on
this road are all that can be desired.

HOTELS.
THE BAY VIEW

is the only public-house at Ferry Beach. The proprietors,
O. F. Page & Co., have recently put it in thorough order,
and placed it under the management of KH. E. Post, Esq. This
house is nearly two miles from the thickly-settled portions
of the beach. It can be reached by stage or private con-
veyance from the Saco Station of the Boston and Maine
or Kastern Railroads, and also from the Old Orchard station
of the Boston and Maine at low tide. All that need to be
said of this house is to quote from one of Boston’s most
popular preachers: ‘This place combines all the advan-
tages of Old Orchard, with freedom from its crowds and
confusion, and the inexorable burdens and demands of
society. I regard it one of the best places for rest and
recuperation I have ever found.”*

PLEASANT HOUSE.

This house, in location, construction, and management,
is all that the name implies. The owner and manager,
Mrs. Sarah D. Moulton, by a careful and judicious control
of her household, gives it the charm of a cheerful and
pleasant home.

OCEAN HOUSE.

John Lindsey, for five years proprietor of the Fabyan

House, White Mountains, assumed the management of this

 

* M. J. Savage.
178 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

house last year, and it acquired great popularity under his
control. He is still the proprietor, and the house, which
accommodates four hundred guests, is kept with great care
and especial attention to the comfort of patrons.

LAWRENCE HOUSE.

This house stands upon the shore, within twenty feet of
the water. Bathers can step directly from the piazza to the
ocean. One hundred and fifty guests here find cheerful
rooms and satisfactory table supplies. E. W. Barton, the
gentlemanly and efficient proprietor, was formerly of Law-
rence, Mass., from which his house takes its name.

GORHAM HOUSE.

This is one of the oldest modern hotels at Old Orchard.
It stands at the terminus of the Saco road, between the
beach and the Boston and Maine depot. The proprietor,
Charles E. Gorham, gives especial attention to the enter-
tainment of pleasure-parties and transient company. Re-
freshments are served at all hours, and pleasure facilities
furnished. A good livery- and boarding-stable is under the
management of this house.

THE BLANCHARD HOUSE

has been remodeled and enlarged during the present year.
Mrs. A. B. Blanchard, proprietress, has acquired great popu-
larity in her past management. With increased facilities,
which will add to the comfort of its guests, this house
ranks among the best of sea-side hotels. Its situation is
upon the border of the sea, and its rooms overlook the
beach and the distant ocean.

THE OLD ORCHARD HOUSE.

This hotel, which was erected in 1876, stands upon the
spot where once was the residence of Rev. John Fairfield,
first minister of Saco.
a full view of the whole beach and the surrounding country.
It has accommodations for 500 guests, and is a perfect
house in all its appointments. E. C. Staples, the pioneer
in modern hotel business, is the proprietor.

It is on an eminence commanding

CENTRAL HOUSE.

From its location this house takes its name. It stands
on the beach, about half-way between Saco River and Scar-
borough. Two hundred guests can be entertained here.
The rooms on each side of the house command a full view
of the ocean. Wesley G. Smith, the proprietor, manages
this house with much satisfaction to his guests.

SEA-SHORE HOUSE.

This is new and attractive, with facilities for entertaining
150 guests. It stands upon the beach close to the ocean,—
literally “upon the sand ;” but the proprietor, F. G. Sta-
ples, with more wisdom than the foolish man in the parable,
has made his “ foundation sure.” His numerous guests
enjoy the grandeur of the situation, and bathe in the rolling
breakers that come beating at the door. The rooms are all
so located that from them there is a pleasing ocean prospect.

ST. CLOUD.

This house takes its name from the celebrated French
palace built near Paris in the sixteenth century. During

 

the present year it has been enlarged to meet the demands
of its numerous Canadian and American guests. The pro-
prietress, Mrs. HE. Manson, labors to give her patrons a
cheerful home; and should the popularity of this house
increase in years to come as it has in the six years since it
was opened, it will become as distinguished as the foreign
chateau whose name it bears.

Besides the principal hotels which are here especially
mentioned, there are more than twenty others worthy of
public patronage, and those who seek rest and recreation at
this beach can always find ample accommodations.

The mayor of the city of Saco, in his last inaugural ad-
dress, says, ‘‘ The large and continuous increase of population
at Old Orchard has brought close at hand the time when
we must consider it no longer as a scattered suburban set-
tlement, but must recognize it as a densely-populated part
of our city, having necessities similar to those of the city
proper.”

 

BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES.

JOSIAH CALEF

was born in Kingston, N. H., May 21,1782. His father
was Joseph, a Revolutionary soldier, and his grandfather
was John, a Revolutionary officer. His mother was a
daughter of Dr. Josiah Bartlett, of Kingston, one of the
memorable signers of the Declaration of Independence;

‘President of New Hampshire, 1790 to 1793 ; Governor in

1793 ; associate justice of the Superior Court, New Hamp-
shire, 1782 to 1788; and chief justice, 1788 to 1790.

Mr. Calef received a good classical education at Exeter
Academy, New Hampshire, and was afterwards a teacher,
then a clerk, and, from 1803 to 1811, favorably known as
a dry-goods merchant in Boston. While there, he became
a member of the Ancient and Honorable Artillery Company.

He came to Saco in 1811, and erected on Indian Island
the iron-works for making nails, and owned them jointly
with Col. Thomas Cutts. He carried on the business until
1836. When the Saco Manufacturing Company lost its mill
by fire, nearly all his property was consumed in a day. But,
though he had passed the meridian of life, he did not sink
down in despair, but redoubled his energies, and in a few
years, under the smiles of a kind Providence, which he
always delighted to acknowledge, he again placed himself
in a position of comfort and independence. Meanwhile, he
found time and was ever willing to give his best services
to the business institutions of Saco.

He was a director of the Manufacturers’ Bank from
1835 to 1839, and from 1841 to 1848, and president of
the same from 1835 to 1838, and from 1846 to 1848 ; pres-
ident of the Mutual Fire Insurance Company from 1832
to 1852; president of the Saco and Biddeford Savings
Institution from 1836 to 1856; director of the Portland,
Saco and Portsmouth Railroad from its organization, and
was a part of the time clerk of the company, and set-
tled the land-damages in locating the road from Scar-
borough to Wells, inclusive. He was also one of the
 

J

Oo
F Cr

G

OFLA
 
CITY OF SACO. 179

 

early directors of the Kennebec and Portland Railroad
Company. He was the first president of Laurel Hill Cem-
etery. In 1827 he purchased a farm on the Ferry road,
where he resided until his death, March 2,1863. “These
various positions which he held attest the estimation in
which he was held by the community, and it may be said
as the truth, that he brought to the discharge of his varied
duties great intelligence, integrity, patience, and a uniform
courtesy of manners which impressed itself upon all who
came in contact with him; and when it is remembered that
during his whole life he had to struggle with feeble health
and many infirmities of body, it is a wonder he did so
much, and did it so well. He was, indeed, a marvel for
diligence in business, systematic labor, and patient endur-
ance under the burden of multiplied cares. In respect to
all his other relations in life, social, domestic, and with the
Church of Christ, of which he was a member, it is unneces-
sary to speak particularly. It is sufficient to say that he
was happy in them all, and that he endeavored to discharge
the varied duties pertaining to them conscientiously and
fully.””*
‘He married, in 1812, Susan Hussey, of Nantucket. She
was born Jan. 4, 1793, and died May 10,1822. The chil-
dren of this marriage were Sarah (deceased), wife of Dr.
Ezra Bartlett; Susan Ann, wife of Dr. Albert Bartlett
(deceased), afterwards married Thomas Cutts; Mary, died
in 1845, aged twenty-five; Josiah B., a merchant in Mobile.
He married, second, in 1827, Sarah P. Gale, of Haver-
hill, N. H., who died April 24, 1878, aged eighty-six. Of
this union were born George F., an enterprising and active
business man of Saco, who resides on the old homestead,
and one of the founders and treasurer of the York Insti-
tute. He married, in June, 1866, Fannie, daughter of the
late James B. Thornton, of Scarborough, and Annie B.,
wife of Col. C. C. G. Thornton.

EDWARD P. BURNHAM.

His great-grandfather, James, born in the town of Wells,
Sept. 24, 1710, married, Dec. 25, 1736, Grace Dalzel,
who was a daughter of Walter and Elizabeth Forest, born
in Londonderry, Ireland, April 1, 1716, and came to this
country with her parents in 1722. She died July 3,
1808. He died Nov. 5,1787. Of their twelve children,
four sons—James, Samuel, Jacob, and Forest—were sol-
diers in the war for independence. James was a captain, and
was shot Aug. 8, 1782, on Goat Island, near Cape Por-
poise, during an attack upon the crew of an English brig-
of-war. Jacob was at Ticonderoga and at the capture and
surrender of Burgoyne. Seth Burnham, the eleventh
child, and grandfather of Edward P., born March 9, 1760,
in Kennebunkport (then Arundel), married, Dec. 10, 1780,
Lydia, daughter of Jeremiah and Ruth (Lovett) Lassel, of
the same town. She was born June 30, 1756, and died
May 1, 1832. He was a prominent citizen of the town
and county. For forty years, beginning with 1788, he was
a town officer; he was a surveyor of lands for many years

 

* Local papers.

 

in York and adjoining counties; deputy collector of customs
of the port of Kennebunk under Judge Clark; a justice
of the peace, conveyancer, and did considerable law busi-
ness. He was an unswerving member of the old Federal
party, and was a representative in the General Court of
Massachusetts in 1812-13. He died Nov. 7, 1846. Of
his nine children Owen was eighth, born May 22, 1796, at
Kennebunkport; married, Sept. 30, 1822, Eliza, daughter
of Robert and Lydia (Hovey) Smith, of the same town.
She was born Feb. 25, 1797, and died at Kennebunk, Dec.
18, 1847.

During the war of 1812, Owen Burnham, then a young
man of eighteen years, sailed from Portland in the privateer
“ Dash,” Capt. Porter, October, 1814. The “Dash” took
two prizes, one of which arrived in port. He went on
board the other as one of the prize crew, and was with the
vessel captured by a British man-of-war, and carried into
Halifax, where he remained in prison until the close of the
war, and reached home in 1815. He was for several years
a merchant, and spent the last years of his life as a teacher
and Congregational minister. He was a worthy and much
esteemed member of society, and died at North Bridgton,
June 2, 1836. His children were two sons.

William Smith Burnham died in 1840, at the age of
fifteen.

Edward P. Burnham, youngest son, born Dec. 3, 1827,
in Kennebunkport, Me., received his early education at
the North Bridgton Academy, and was for four years a
clerk in his uncle’s store at Kennebunk. In 1846 he
began to read law with William B. Sewall, of Kennebunk,
and afterwards was a student in the office of the late Judge
E. E. Bourne, of the same place. He was admitted to the
bar in York County, April 4, 1849, and for two years
practiced law in Bangor, Me., and Holyoke and Conway,
Mass. For the years 1851-53 he was deputy collector of
customs at Kennebunkport, under Daniel Remich, and came
to Saco, April 18, 1853, to assume the duties of secretary
and treasurer of the Saco and Biddeford Savings Institution,
and also of the Mutual Fire Insurance Company, which
positions he holds in 1879. During his residence in Saco
he has been interested in the local affairs of the city, and
for five years represented the Fifth Ward as alderman, and
was mayor in 1872 and 1873.

Mr. Burnham’s connection with various organizations
has made his name known throughout the county and State.
He has been a Mason since 1852, and a member of the
Independent Order of Odd-Fellows since 1850. In 1859 he
was Grand Master of the Independent Order of Odd-Fel-
lows, having been Grand Patriarch in 1857. From 1858
to 1867 he was a representative to the Grand Lodge of the
United States. He was Grand High Priest of the Grand
Chapter of Royal Arch Masons in 1861; Grand Master of
the Grand Council, 1867 ; and Grand Master of the Grand
Lodge, 1877 and 1878. In 1862 he took the thirty-third
degree in Masonry.

For many years he has been interested in historical re-
search ; has been a member of the New England Historic
Genealogical Society since Sept. 2, 1868, and a member of
the Maine Historical Society since July 14, 1870.

He married, Sept. 5, 1854, Mary A., daughter of James
180 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

and Lydia (Burnham) Osborn, who was born Feb. 10,
1827. Her father died Oct. 20, 1876, at the age of eighty-
three. He had been a trader at Kennebunk for sixty years,
had been postmaster, collector of customs, and State sena-
tor. Her mother died Dec. 24, 1868, aged seventy-two.
Her paternal grandfather, James Osborn, who died at Ken-
nebunk, Nov. 10, 1836, aged seventy-six, was for six years
in the Revolutionary army ; was a fifer, and closed his ser-
vice as a fife-major. He was at the battle of Saratoga.
He was afterwards on a privateer of fourteen guns, which
captured an armed vessel on the coast of Ireland. He was
put on board the prize, which was afterwards recaptured
and taken to Halifax.

GEORGE SCAMMAN,

(Nathaniel*, James’, Humphrey’, Humphrey’), born in
Saco, Aug. 19, 1787, was a lineal descendant in the fifth
generation from Humphrey Scamman, who was born in
1640, married Elizabeth, daughter of’ the first Dominicus
Jordan. He removed from Portsmouth, N. H., lived in
Kittery, in 1677, in Cape Porpoise, in 1679, and in Saco,
Me., in 1680, died in 1727, and was supposed to be.the
son of Richard, who settled in Portsmouth. James (son of
Humphrey Scamman, Jr., who was born in Kittery, May
10, 1677, married Elizabeth, daughter of Dominicus Jor-
dan, died in 1734, grandfather of George Seamman), was
born in Saco, 1721, married Hannah, daughter of Col.
Plaisted, of Berwick, about 1739, and died in 1753.

Nathaniel, his father, born July 14, 1746, and died July
29, 1820, married, in 1775, Sarah, daughter of Tristram
Jordan. She died Aug. 29, 1838.

George, son of Nathaniel and Sarah (Jordan) Scamman,
married, Dec. 6, 1809, Elizabeth, daughter of Joseph and
Anna (Lane) Atkinson. She was born Aug. 6, 1790, and
died Aug. 12,1878. He died Dec. 12, 1869.

Mr. Scamman early in life commenced the study of law
with Cyrus King, a notable lawyer of his time. After pur-
suing his studies for a time he decided to lead a mercantile
instead of a professional life, and soon after engaged in busi-
ness at Saco, and became identified with most of the enter-
prises of that locality. He was adjutant in the war of 1812,
and while on his way to the scene of action was ordered
back, a treaty of peace having been concluded with the
English. For some time after he served as judge-advocate
at Fort Preble. In early manhood he began to take an
active and influential part in local matters and State legis-
lation, and in 1819 was elected representative to the Gen-
eral Court of Massachusetts. He was representative in the
Maine Legislature in 1822-23 and 1830, and State senator
in 1825-26. He was eleven years selectman of the town
of Saco,—from 1821 to 1826, from 1831 to 1836, and in
1841. He was also the Whig candidate for Congress in
1830 and 1844. He was a director of the Manufacturers’
Bank of Saco from 1828 to 1835, and 1838 to 1844. He
was a trustee of the Saco and Biddeford Savings Institution
from 1839 to 1844. About this time he retired from active
business and spent the remainder of his days in agricultural
pursuits. He was fond of hunting and trout-fishing, and

 

was considered an adept in these sports, which were the
principal recreations of the latter part of his life.

He early developed a taste for literature, and was gifted
with a remarkably retentive memory, was a great reader,
and kept well up with the advanced ideas of his time. He
was proficient in mathematics, calculated eclipses, solved
the most difficult problems as a matter of recreation, and
was fond of scientific studies. He was a contributor of
prose and verse to the local press, wrote articles on the ab-
sorbing political questions of his time, delivered addresses
on various subjects and occasions,—the last at the dedica-
tion of the town-hall of the town of Saco. He was cour-
teous and dignified in his manner, hospitable, and genial in
his intercourse with his fellow-citizens, and in conversation
was an agreeable companion, abounding in sallies of wit and
gravity of expression as the subject demanded, commanding
the love and respect of his children, and honored by his
fellow-townsmen. He lived and died without ever having
his integrity assailed or his honor questioned.

He reared a family of nine children,—Tristram, Sarah
Ann, Elizabeth, Mary, Rebecca, George, Andrew, Henry,
and Nathaniel. Five of these died soon after reaching
adult age; four are living in 1880. Tristram occupies the
position of cashier of the Manufacturers’ Bank of Saco,
which position he has held for the last thirty years; Sarah
Ann is the wife of Capt. George V. Jordan, and resides in
Saco. Henry developed early in life a love of adventure,
and when a boy started for California, arriving there in the
spring of 1850. He immediately engaged in mining enter-
prises, and, after many vicissitudes and trials, met with
some success, and in 1866 established a banking business
at Downieville, Sierra Co., Cal. This he has successfully
conducted to the present time. Nathaniel is overseer in
the York Mills, of Saco, where he has been for many years.

OLIVER DYER

was born in Biddeford in April, 1806. His father was
drowned before Oliver was three years old. His mother,
daughter of Capt. John Foss, one of the earlier settlers in
the eastern part of Saco, was a woman of character and
energy, who succeeded in bringing up her family comfort-
ably, although left in very straitened circumstances at her
husband’s death. When about sixteen years old, Oliver
started for Boston to find employment. For one season he
attended school near the city, supporting himself by work-
ing in a gentleman’s family out of school hours. He then
went into Boston, and for two years worked as a light por-
ter, carrying bundles, etc., in a hand-eart. He then ob-
tained a situation as a clerk in the provision-store of Mr.
Follett, and, after faithful service, became a partner in the
business, in which he continued until 1851.

While residing in Boston he was at one time a member
of the Common Council, and for many years was an assistant
assessor.

Tn 1829 he married Olive L. Drew, of Kennebunk. In
1851 he retired from commercial business, and removed to
Saco, purchasing a farm on the Portland road, on which he
Cc. H. Granger,;pinx.

 

“PP
 
CITY OF SACO.

erected a substantial brick house. In 1869 he purchased
a town residence on School Street, where he afterwards re-
sided. In 1871 he was elected mayor of the city, and died
June 13, 1872.

Mr. Dyer was a man of sterling common sense, untiring
industry, and unquestioned probity. He was public-spirited,
interesting himself in all town and city affairs, and demand-
ing the same fidelity and economy in public matters which
marked his own private transactions. His one bold char-
acteristic was utter honesty. Of firm convictions, an ardent
Democrat, he sometimes ran counter to the public sentiment
of his day, but no one ever impeached his motives or his
sincerity. His domestic life was pleasant and happy, al-

 

181

though unblessed by children. At his decease he left the
bulk of his property to his widow, without any restrictions
whatever. He had, however, often expressed to her his desire
that his property should eventually be used for the benefit
of the citizens of Saco, and in accordance with this wish,
in which she cordially sympathized, Mrs. Dyer, soon after
her husband's decease, executed a will giving almost all the
estate for a free library for the city of Saco.

Mrs. Dyer died Sept. 22, 1879, and the citizens of this
place will ere long be enjoying the fruit of the labors of
those who toiled and economized that others might have
advantages for education and culture which they them-
selves could not procure.

 

 

SS

Photo. by Conant, Portland.

CORNELIUS SWEETSER.

Michael Sweetser, who came from Charlestown, or Mal-
den, was son of Samuel, of Malden, Mass., and was the first
settler in Reading by the name of Sweetser. Michael
married Mary, daughter of Isaac Smith, by whom he had
thirteen children, of whom Cornelius (grandfather of our
subject) was born in 1749, and married, in 1771, Sarah,
daughter of Thomas Smith, of Lynn, a descendant of
Deacon Francis and Ruth Smith (see early settlers).

His grandfather, Cornelius, second generation from the
emigrant ancestor, lived at South Reading, Mass., where he
reared a family of four sons,—Cornelius, William, Seth,

|
|
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George, and three daughters, Mrs. Joseph Eaton, Mrs.
Samuel Tuttle, Mrs. Newhall. He died about 1845 at the
age of ninety-six, having lived to see three generations of
his offspring old enough to cast a vote.

Cornelius, his eldest son, born in South Reading, May
7, 1778, married in 1801, Phebe, daughter of Lilley and
Sarah (Emerson) Eaton, whose ancestors were early settlers
of South Reading. During the war of 1812-14 he lost
heavily—as a shoe manufacturer—in his trade South, from
the effects of which he never fully recovered. For many
years prior to his decease, both he and his wife lived with
the subject of this sketch, their son. He died at South
182 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

Reading (now Wakefield) in 1847. His wife died in 1853,
aged seventy-six. Their children are Stephen (deceased),
Mrs. William Mansfield, Cornelius, Mrs. Rev. James W.
Poland (deceased), and Madison (deceased).

The characteristics of the Sweetser family are thus de-
scribed by the writer of the “ Genealogical History of South
Reading, Mass.”’: In speaking of one of the family he says,
“He was a man of high reputation for sincerity and good
sense; had many of the peculiar traits of his family, such
as a careful and exact observation of passing events.” Of
another he writes, “ Col. Sweetser possessed strong native
gifts, was an original thinker, well posted, an effective pub-
lic speaker, a man of firmness, courage, and probity. He
never took opinions second-hand, never admitted any prop-
osition to be true until he had thoroughly analyzed it, often
seeming to favor the side of a question which he believed
to be the wrong side, for the purpose of drawing out the
arguments of that side. He had a large organ of order,
neatness, and exactness, was ever prompt, practical, and
conscientious withal. He was very fond and proud of a
noble steed, and he never used any other than a good one.”
The love of a good horse is still a marked trait of the
family.

Cornelius Sweetser, second son of Cornelius and Phebe
(Eaton) Sweetser, was born in South Reading, Mass., April
6, 1808. His education from books was confined to the
common school. At the age of fourteen he purchased his
time, before reaching his majority, of his father for one
dollar per week and pay for his board. In this way, by
economy and industry, habits he early learned, he acquired
a small start for business, and, in December, 1829, in part-
nership with Charles H. Perry, he started the shoe busi-
ness in Boston. This continued only a short time, when he
disposed of his interest, went to Hast Cambridge, and went
into business for himself manufacturing boots and shoes.
In 1832, January 5th, he married Nancy W., youngest
daughter of Colonel Silas and Hannah (Bacon) Richardson,
of Billerica, Mass. She was born Sept. 23,1813. Sub-
sequently he was in trade at Lowell, at South Reading, and
Billerica, remaining at the latter place from 1835 to 1846,
where he also carried on farming in connection with his
shoe business.

In 1846 he removed to Saco, Me., where he opened a
shoe-store, carried on the business alone until 1853, and
took in as partner Elias Boardman. Their business rela-
tions continued until 1874, when Mr. Sweetser disposed of
his interest to Mr. Boardman. In 1868 he began the
manufacture of shoes, and associated with him in business
his nephew, John E. Sweetser, under the firm-name of
Sweetser & Co. This firm continues a successful business.
Upon first settling in Saco Mr. Sweetser began to deal in
farms and timber lots, and has been quite largely and suc-
cessfully interested in real-estate operations since. His
business ability, sound judgment, and judicious management
of affairs have added strength to all local institutions with
which he is connected. He has been for many years a
director of the York National Bank, and in May, 1879, was
elected president of the Mutual Fire Insurance Co., at
Saco, succeeding the late Dr. Berry.

He is interested in the propagation of religious, educa-

 

tional, and charitable institutions in the city, of which the
York Institute, Young Men’s Christian Association, and
the Baxter School are recipients of his liberal contributions.
Politically, he was formerly a Democrat, but. has been a
member of the Republican party since its formation.
While a resident of Billerica he was selectman for 1844—
45, aud since his residence in Saco he was selectman from
1856-61, inclusive, and chairman of the board for the last
five years, and representative to the State Legislature in
1861-62. He was assessor for eight years, alderman one
year, and county commissioner from October, 1869, to
January, 1872.

AARON McKENNY,

second son of Samuel and Lucy (Rand) McKenny, was born
in Scarborough, now Saco, Dec. 21, 1777, and in 1799
married Lucy Burnham, daughter of Thomas and Mollie
Burnham, who was born in Scarborough, now Saco, Feb.
26,1777, and died Jan. 18,1849. At the time of writing
this sketch Mr. McKenny is in the one hundred and third
year of his age, and so perfectly retains his mental faculties
as to give the concise dates and facts here written. Soon
after his marriage he settled on the farm where he now re-
sides, and on which, during this year (1879), he has erected
a commodious and elegant farm-residence, giving direc-
tions for the labor and paying the men he employed. This
is the third house he has built, the second one having been
destroyed by fire, April 15, 1879, between the hours of
nine and ten in the morning. His first farm-purchase was
eighty-two acres, and, with additions since made, now con-
tains two hundred acres. Although his business through
life has been farming, in his early days he made many shin-
gles, and shaved those which form a part of the roof of his
new house, a view of which is placed under his portrait.
He cut the first tree from the forest in settling his farm, and
has lived to watch the wilderness become fertile and culti-
vated lands, and to witness the founding of schools, churches,
and cities, in which he contributed his full share, especially
in the establishment of the Free-Will Baptist Church, near
his residence, where for many years he was a member. A
long time ago he withdrew from that church, for reasons
which he conceived an usurpation of his rights, but he did
not cease to extend his hospitality to its members. At the
age of ninety-eight he attended to his farm-work and la-
bored in the corn-field, cultivating a piece by himself; and
at the age of one hundred years he was able to stand before
a mirror and shave himself. He now takes an active interest
in controlling his own affairs, and with remarkable independ-
ence of action, when he had lived more thana century, spurned
an attempt to place a guardian over him. Mr. McKenny had
three children—two daughters and one son,—all of whom
died in infancy. He is strictly temperate in his habits, and
has never drank as a beverage any intoxicating liquors or
stimulants. He has never had a physician called to attend
him, never sued a man, or in turn was sued prior to his
one hundredth birthday. He was never desirous of hold-
ing public offices, and when at one time he was appointed
a justice of the peace by the Governor of the State, refused
 

 

 

 

 

 

      
   

‘RES. of AARON MS KENNY,
BUILT BY HIMSELF IN THE ONE HUNDREDAND SECOND YEAR OF HIS AGE,
SACO, ME.

,
 

JAMES M. DEERING.
CITY OF SACO. 183

 

to accept the honor. The family of McKenny is noted for
longevity,—one brother, Samuel, lived to the age of ninety-
six. Mr. McKenny has always been industrious and eco-
nomical ; his business life has been successful, and for many
years he has loaned money to people needing assistance, but
has never accepted more than six per cent. interest. He
has lived through every administration of the United States,
and is within one year of the age of our government. Since
he reached his majority, in 1798, he has frequently voted,
first as an anti-Federalist, and afterwards as a Democrat,
extending through a period of eighty years.

GEORGE A. CARTER,

eldest son of Daniel R.and Mehitable (Dodge) Carter, was
born in Wakefield, N. H., Dec. 12, 1830. His father was
a native of Dover, N. H., followed the business of carriage
manufacturing for many years, was sheriff of Carroll Co.,
N. H., and spent the latter part of his life in Rochester,
N. H., where he died, in 1842, aged forty-five.

 

Photo. by Webber, Saco.

Mp 1p bon

His mother was a native of Ossipee, N. H. She died
in 1868, aged sixty. The other children were Sarah, wife
of Thomas A. Pickering, of Salem, Mass., and Frank H.
Carter (deceased). George A. removed to Rochester with
his parents when only two years of age, where he spent the
remainder of his minority, and received good opportunities
for obtaining an education in the academy of that place. In
1849 the Portland, Saco and Portsmouth Railroad was put
into operation, the express business at Saco and Biddeford
being controlled by Longley & Co., with J. H. Coffin as agent.
The whole business was then done with the aid of a small

 

 

delivery wagon and one boy. In 1851, Mr. Carter came to
Saco, where for one year he delivered and gathered parcels for
the express-office. In 1852, Bigelow & Co. succeeded in the
business, and he went to Portland, where he had charge of
a part of the office, then doing business through the entire
State. In 1853 he was put in charge of the express business
at Saco and Biddeford, where he has since remained, con-
trolling its whole management, to the satisfaction of the
company and the citizens. This business has increased
with the growing demands of trade and rapid transit, and
from a small beginning of one thousand dollars to twenty-
five thousand dollars annually, and with as great care and
security delivers to distant parts the smallest and most
worthless parcel as one of the greatest value. The office
at Saco and Biddeford requires, in 1879, five competent
men and three teams to carry on its increasing business.
Since his connection with the express business he has also
had entire charge of the telegraph office of the Western
Union Telegraph Company, connected with the express-
office.

Mr. Carter is interested in local matters, and active in
measures tending to the prosperity of the city or its citi-
zens, and is officially connected with many of its institu-
tions. He is treasurer of the Second Parish (Unitarian)
Church, trustee of Saco Athenzeum, assistant librarian of
York Institute, and vice-president of the Saco and Biddeford
Fish and Game Protective Association. He was a member
of the Common Council in 1872 from the Seventh Ward,
alderman in 1873 and 1876, and mayor of the city in 1874
and 1875.

He married, Oct. 15, 1853, Rosa H., daughter of Joseph
and Lucy (Place) Otis, of Rochester, N. H. They have
two daughters, Bella O. and Mary E.

JAMES MADISON DEERING.

Ilis grandfather, William Deering, born Dec. 25, 1748,
removed from Blue Point, Scarborough, and settled in Water-
borough about 1770, and was the first settler on Deering
Ridge in that town. He married, in 1773, Sarah Rumery,
who was born Dec. 1, 1754. He died Dec. 13, 1829.
His children were four sons and three daughters, of whom
William Deering, Jr., was father of the subject of this
sketch, born March 24, 1776, married, Nov. 1, 1806, Eu-
nice Harper. He resided in Waterborough during his life,
and was a farmer. He died Feb. 7, 1860. His wife died
June 10, 1865. Their children are Orinda, James M.,
William H., Jonathan R., Eunice, Joseph G.,—for many
years a merchant in Saco,—David, and Kzekiel.

James Madison Deering, eldest son of William and Ku-
nice (Harper) Deering, was born in Waterborough, July
23,1809. At the age of nineteen he removed to Saco,
where he engaged in business, and resided up to the time
of his decease, April +, 1871. He retired from trade in
1861, after having prosecuted a successful and more than
average business for a period of thirty-one years. When
he retired from trade he was appointed postmaster of Saco,
which office he held until October, 1866. His sound judg-
ment and excellent business habits early recommended him
184 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

to his fellow-citizens as a suitable person to serve them in
offices of trust. He held various offices under the old
town government, and was chairman of the committee to
build the city hall. He was city treasurer in 1867, and
mayor in 1868.

Mr. Deering was a director of York Bank from 1838 to
1871, and was one of the originators of the Laurel Hill
Cemetery.

He was originally a Democrat, but joined the Republican
party on its organization, taking an active part in all its
affairs, and it may be justly said that no man in the county
or State contributed more to its success.

Upon the organization of the Republican State committee
in 1854 he became its first chairman, and served most of
the time for five years, showing in that responsible position
unusual good judgment and ability as a party organizer and
in conducting political campaigns. He was also a member
of the county Republican committee seven years, serving
as chairman five years, and performing the duties ably.

He was elected county commissioner, and served from
1857 to 1763. In 1867 he was appointed by Governor

Chamberlain upon the committee authorized by the Legis- ©

lature to investigate the affairs of the Insane Hospital at
Augusta; and from 1869 until his decease he was internal
revenue inspector at Portland.

Mr. Deering failed in health for about two years, but
such was the indomitable power of his will that he battled
with disease, and attended to his accustomed duties until a
short time before his death. His long residence in and
familiarity with the varied interests of Saco made him a
valuable citizen, and his death was regarded as a public
loss.

He married, in 1832, Charlotte E., daughter of John
and Elizabeth Noble, of Saco, Me. Their children living
are Capt. John W. Deering, formerly a ship-master, now a
lumber merchant, of Portland, Me.; Lucy Augusta, wife
of Eustis P. Morgan, civil engineer at the Saco Water-
Power Machine-Shops; and George A. Deering, paymaster
United States Navy.

MOSES LOWELL.

“ Percival Lowle,” as the name was originally spelled,
was a merchant; came from Bristol, England, in 1639,
bringing his wife Rebecca, sons John and Richard, and
daughter Joanna, all married. Savage, in his history of
New England, says, “ Percival was the eldest son of a
Richard Lowle, who married a Percival, and drew his de-
scent through eight generations, by the eldest son of each,
from Walter Lowle, of Yardley, in the county of Worcester.”
One branch, from the first son of Percival, has held a very
prominent place in the annals of Massachusetts to the present
time. Rev. John Lowell, of Newburyport, born in Boston,
1703, graduated at Harvard, 1721, ordained in Newbury-
port, 1729. He was father of Judge John Lowell, of
Boston, who was appointed by Washington the first judge
of the United States District Court for Massachusetts, 1780.
To Rev. John Lowell, it is said, the family is indebted for
the change in their name.

 

Francis Cabot Lowell, for whom the city of Lowell was
named, Rev. Charles, of Boston, and the poet James Rus-
sell, and several others who have shed lustre upon the name,
are of that family. Quite a colony of Lowells in Castine,
Me., are descendants of the first John. Gideon Lowell, a
descendant of the first Richard, settled in Amesbury, Mass.,
about 1720. His family was large. Five of his sons
settled in Maine. The name scattered through the State,
and offshoots have emigrated to the West and made homes
for new families. 2

Moses Lowell (Samuel,’ Samuel,’ George,’ born in New-
bury in 1712, Joseph,‘ Benjamin,’ John,’ Percival’) is a
descendant in the eighth generation from Percival the emi-
grant, and was born in Saco, Me., Dec. 25, 1814. His
grandfather, Samuel Lowell, came with his wife and
daughter, Susan Ellen, from Newbury, Mass., and settled
in Saco about the year 1763. He was a member of a com-
pany raised in Saco to march to the defense of Boston
after the battle of Bunker Hill.

Of his three sons and three daughters, Samuel was second
son, and father of the subject of this sketch; born in Saco
in 1780; married Sarah Ayer, who was born in 1786 and
died: in 1858. He was a ship-blacksmith by trade, but
after the war of 1812 moved on to a farm, where he spent
the remainder of his life. He died at the age of seventy-
four, leaving five sons and five daughters, who grew to man-
hood and womanhood.

Moses Lowell, fourth son, received a common-school edu-
cation, and during his early life learned the tinsmith’s trade.
After reaching his majority he spent several years West and
in Boston as a journeyman at his trade, and with a view to
permanently locating in business. Returning to Saco in
1842, the following year he started business for himself.
For a few years he was associated with Joseph Edwards
(Edwards & Lowell) in the stove and tin-ware business,
and afterwards with a son of that gentleman (Lowell &
Edwards). This firm dissolved business relations in 1850,
and Mr. Lowell continued the same business alone until
1870, when he retired and was succeeded in the business
by his eldest son, Enoch (Lowell & Lord), who carries on
trade at the old stand on Pepperell Square. In 1857, in
company with James and Joseph Deering, he built the Pep-
perell block, a part of which he occupied afterwards as a
place of business until his retirement from the active duties
of trade. Mr. Lowell was a man of consideration, judici-
ous management, and possessed sterling integrity in all his
relations in life. He was unassuming, possessed a well-
balanced mind, and was a man of correct habits and high
moral worth as a citizen. He had much sympathy for the
needy, and in many ways contributed to their relief. He
was a liberal supporter of church and kindred interests.

For many years he was a director of the Saco and Bidde-
ford Insurance Company, and he was a director of the Saco
National Bank at the time of his decease, March 5, 1878.

He always took an earnest interest in local and State
legislation, and as a member of the Whig and Republican
parties held various offices of trust and honor.

He was chairman of the Board of Selectmen for many
years, was a member of the Legislature from Saco in 1863
and 1864, and was mayor of Saco in 1869-70. He was
 
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Photo. by E. HW, McKenney, Biddeford,

 
CITY OF SACO. 185

 

appointed collector of customs for the district of Saco by
President Grant, July 9, 1875, and remained in office
during the remainder of his life.

He married, September, 1841, Abigail, daughter of Icha-
bod Jordan, of Biddeford, Me. She was born in May,
1816, and survives in 1879. Their children are Enoch,
Henry, a dry-goods merchant in Lewiston, Me., and Mary
Elizabeth, deceased.

SAMUEL A. MILLIKEN

was born in Buxton, Aug. 26, 1808, being the eldest son
of Nathaniel Milliken. He received only a common-school
education, and followed farming and stock-raising during
his life. He married Mary Ann, daughter of Samuel and

 

SAMUEL A. MILLIKEN.

Mary (Parcher) McKenney, of Saco. They had but one
daughter, Mary Ann, who married Sewall Woodman, of
Saco. His wife died in 1830, and for his second wife he
married her only sister, Olive P. McKenney, by whom he
had a family of three children,—Frank R., a farmer, who
resides on the old homestead bought by his father in 1832 ;
Olive Jane (deceased) ; Myra F., wife of Melville C. Ayer,
an undertaker in Biddeford. In politics, Mr. Milliken was
a Democrat.

JOHN GILPATRIC

(Joseph, John’, John’, Thomas') is a descendant in the
fifth generation from Thomas Gilpatric, who, with his
family of wife and four sons, came from Ireland, and
settled first in the town of Wells, York Co., Me. He had
three sons born in this country, and all his children reached
manhood. He moved to Biddeford, where he died, Oct.
24, 1762, aged eighty-eight. John Gilpatric, grandfather
of our subject, was a Revolutionary soldier, and captain of
a company.

24

 

Joseph, father of John Gilpatric, born in Kennebunk in
1769, married Abigail Cousens of the same place. Settled
on the farm in Biddeford in 1798, where his eldest son,
Samuel, resides in 1879. It was a wilderness tract of land
at the time of his settlement, his farm containing eighty
acres. It now contains, by additions of his son, some two
hundred acres. His children are Samuel, Joseph (deceased),
John (deceased), Mary (deceased), Lucy, and Abigail.
He died in 1837. His wife died Jan. 2, 1815, aged forty-
one. By his second marriage, with Mrs. Dolly Dyer, he
had one daughter Priscilla, wife of Leonard Rumery.

John Gilpatric was boru in Biddeford, April 30, 1812,
and died in Saco, July 20, 1872. He left home in boy-
hood, and came to Saco, where he was engaged for several
years as an employee in the York Mills. By industry and
economy, habits which he acquired in early life, he was
enabled to start business for himself; and soon after reaching
his majority he began trading in Saco, and until 1861 he
was well known as a dealer in corn, flour, ete., in that town.
In connection with this business, as his means increased,
he became interested in navigation, and for many years was
He disposed of his
interest in shipping at the breaking out of the late Rebellion.

engaged somewhat in ship-building.

For a period of thirty-five years he was an active business
man in Saco, and known as a prudent, upright tradesman.
His sterling integrity and correct habits led others to respect
him, and he had the confidence of his fellow-townsmen.
During the latter part of his life he suffered from the
effects of a stroke of paralysis, which terminated in his
death. He was three times married. His last wife was
Annie A., daughter of Capt. Stephen Shepley, and a niece

- of the late John Shepley, formerly a well-known and emi-
nent lawyer of Saco. Her father died at the old homestead,

in Groton, Mass. Hischildren are Estelle A.,Grace L., Mary,
Charles, and John Guy.
He was far-seeing in his business calculations, and

| seemed to determine future results from present business

operations.

JAMES D. PATTEN,

son of Johnson and Lucy (Towne) Patten, grandson of
James and Sally (Stone) Patten, and great-grandson of
Robert and Florence (Johnston) Patten, was born in Ken-
nebunkport, Aug. 26, 1817, and died in Saco, Oct. 7, 1865.
His great-grandfather, Robert, emigrated from Coleraine,
County Derry, Ireland, and settled in Arundel in 1737.
Mr. Patten prepared for college at Kent’s Hill Academy,
but at the age of twenty, concluding to lead a business
instead of a professional life, he came to Saco, where he did
a quite large business as contractor and builder until 1847.
During his residence in Saco he married, April 15, 1840,
Mary J., eldest daughter of Charles and Rebecca Stan-
wood (Wells) Ware, of Gardiner, Me.
more following 1847, with a view of entering the ministry,
Mr. Patten was a student at the Concord Biblical Institute,
but, on account of ill health, in 1849 returned to Saco,
and again engaged in active business as a «lumber merch-
ant, shipping largely from the eastern part of the State of
Maine. His place of business was on Pepperell Square,

For one year or
186 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

and among other buildings, he erected the present post-
office block.

Mr. Patten was known to the citizens of Saco as a man
of great energy, indefatigable perseverance, and as one who
engaged in business operations with that resolution which
overcomes difficulties and achieves success. Possessed of a

N

a

Yi

\ SN

 

Photo. by McKenney, Biddeford.

generous and kind-hearted disposition, yet frank in his
manner, he won the esteem of all who knew him. He was
never solicitous of public office, nor did he shrink in any
way from performing the whole duty of the citizen. His
reliability and integrity were special traits of his character.
For many years he was a member of the Odd-Fellows and
Freemason societies. In early manhood he interested him-
self in the study of the Scriptures, and for many years prior
to his decease he was a consistent member of the Methodist
Episcopal Church in Saco. His children are Charles Fred-
erick, drowned in Saco River, at the age of nineteen; Mel-
ville C., an accountant in Chicago, Ill., married, in 1873,
Miss Lizzie, daughter of Baron Frederick Von Kaas; Flor-
ence M., wife of Maj. Paul Chadbourne, Saco; Nellie A.,
and Fannie W.
PAUL CHADBOURNE

enlisted as a private, Sept. 19, 1861. Mustered as first
lieutenant, Co. I, Ist Maine Cavalry, October 31st, at
Augusta, Me. Promoted captain, 1863, and major, in
February, 1865. March 4th, assigned to the command
of the 2d New York Mounted Rifles. Wounded in the
right hand, Oct. 27, 1864, at Gravelly Run.
through the right shoulder, March 31, 1865, near Five
Forks. Participated in nearly all the battles of the Army
of the Potomac, from Cedar Mountain and 2d Bull Run
to the capture of Richmond and Petersburg. June 16,
1865, appointed provost-marshal of Chesterfield County.

Shot.

 

Maj. Chad-

Discharged from the service, August, 1865.

' bourne was elected mayor of the city of Saco, and served

in 1876.

DANIEL M. OWEN,

' son of William Owen, was born in the town of Buxton,

York Co., Me., Aug. 19,1814. His mother, Polly, born
Feb. 25, 1792, was a daughter of John and Rebecca (Lane)
Merrill, and was married to William Owen, May 1, 1813.

 

Photo. by McKenney, Biddeford.

ae MG, Cw

His grandmother died at his residence in Saco, Nov. 14,
1863, aged ninety-six years and eleven months. She was a
daughter of Capt. Daniel Lane and his wife, Molly Wood-
man, and was married, Jan. 28, 1790, to John, son of Lieut.
Samuel Merrill. Daniel M. Owen was thrown upon his
own resources very young in life, being left, with limited
means, an orphan when but a boy. He spent his minority
in his native town, where he learned merchant tailoring.
In early manhood he came to Saco, where he soon estab-
lished himself in business, and by his straightforward,
staunch habits became a leading merchant and prom-
inent citizen. His name was always the synonym of in-
tegrity and fair dealing. In 1842 he was married to Mary
J. Woodsum, of Saco. Mr. Owen was a man of great in-
genuity, and of a naturally mechanical turn of mind, that
enabled him (during his leisure hours) to design and con-
struct many beautiful articles, showing a superior talent. in
that direction, which, developed, would have given him a
place among the most skilled workmen. Although thor-
oughly interested in the local enterprises of the town, he
never sought publicity or the emoluments of office. Upon
the formation of the first city government of Saco, in 1867,
he was chosen alderman, which office he held until the
”

aan Nee

ELI EDGECOMB.

ELI EDGECOMB,

eighth child and sixth son of ‘James and Anna
(Burnham) Edgecomb, was born in the town of
Saco, Jan. 22, 1799.
home on the farm and attending the district school.

He spent his early life at

He has spent his life as a farmer, active, industrious,
and frugal. He married, in 1826, Betsey, daughter
of Philip Libby, of Saco.

identified with the Democratic party, and, although

He has always been

not a member of any church, a supporter of church
interests. His father served in the Revolutionary
war; was a member of the Democratic party, and
a member of the Orthodox Church of Scarborough,
Cumberland Co.

owned by his son Eli, and was a farmer by occu-

He lived upon the farm now

pation. He died in his seventy-eighth year, in
1835. His wife died in September, 1839, aged

seventy-five.

HENRY SIMPSON,
fifth child and fifth son of Benjamin and Rebecca

(Jacobs) Simpson, was born in Saco, April 18,
1827.

 

 

 

HENRY SIMPSON.

Owing to adverse circumstances of his parents,
at the age of ten years he went to live with Eli
Edgecomb, of Saco, where he remained during his
minority. He received a liberal education in early
life in the common school and at Limerick Academy.
In 1855 he purchased a farm known as the Stimpson
farm; subsequently sold it and purchased the one
where he now resides. In early manhood he began
teaching, and has taught in the district schools of
his vicinity for thirty years, although his main
business is farming. Identified with the Demo-
cratic party, he has filled various offices of trust in
He was selectman from 1860 to 1864,

during which time the nine-months’ men were called

his town.

out to serve in the army. Mr. Simpson took an
active part in filling the quota, and to him largely
is due the raising of money to pay bounties to those
who went to the front.

He married, in 1855, Harriet R., daughter of
Samuel Pennell. Of this union has been born
one daughter, Lucy M., wife of Charles Waterman.
The Simpsons were early settlers of York, as men-
tioned in Hon. Nathaniel G. Marshall’s history of

that town.
CITY OF SACO.

time of his death, Feb. 3, 1869. Mr. Owen was a man of
dignified, gentlemanly bearing, unostentatious, of sound

judgment, honest in his convictions of duty and right, and
while he was ever mindful of the happiness of those around
him, did not neglect his social and neighborly relations
with others. He was one of the original members of the
Universalist Society in Saco, and was one of its truest
friends and supporters until the sale of the church, when
he connected himself with the Unitarian congregation.
His children living are George F., his successor in business,
William H., and Isabel, wife of Weston Thompson, a law-
yer of Brunswick, Me.

IRA C. DOE,

son of John and Abigail (Giddings) Doe, was born in
Parsonsfield, June 6,1814. His grandfather, Deacon John
Doe, with a brother (Gideon), were the first two white
‘settlers in that town in 1776, and had the choice of five
hundred acres apiece on account of their early settlements.
They came from Wolfboro’, N. H., where they had resided
only two years, having originally come from New Market,
N.H. Their grandfather and his brother came from the
south of England about 1650 to Dover Neck, N. II. His
father, John Doe, was the first white male child born in
Parsonsfield, in 1778, and died Jan. 25, 1821. His mother
died, at the age of ninety-six, Feb. 9, 1879.

Mr. Doe received his preliminary education in the Lim-
erick and Parsonsfield Academies, and during the winter
seasons, while attending school, was a teacher. Having
thus fitted himself for college, he passed his examination
at Brown University, Providence, R. I.; but, for want of
means, gave up a college course, and went to New Market,
N. H., where he was a teacher for four years in succession.
Impaired health compelled him to quit teaching, and he
removed to St. Joseph, Mich., and for one year (1837) was
engaged in surveying for the government. After two years
as a teacher there he returned Hast, settled in Portland,
and was a teacher in Cape Elizabeth and Scarborough until
1847. From 1847 to 1864 he was teacher in Saco, and
during the last eight years of that time was principal of
one of the Saco grammar schools. Since 1864 he has been
engaged in farming in Saco, where he now resides.

 

 

187

He married, Aug. 24, 1844, Dorothy, daughter of Thomas
(3d) and Lydia (Jenkins) Dyer. Her father was a native
of Biddeford, and came to Saco when only five years of
age. His occupation was farming. He was a Democrat in

 

Photo. by E. H. McKenney, Biddeford.
IRA C. DOE.

politics, was a member of the State Senate in 1849-50,
and died in May, 1864. Her mother died July 13, 1877.

Mr. Doe has always been known as a man of strict fidel-
ity, having a conscientious regard for justice and right. As
a teacher he sought to impress his pupils with the necessity
of a sure educational foundation as a means of future suc-
cess, and his ability as an instructor has often received
public recognition. He is a member of the Democratic
party, but the minority of his party has always barred his
election, when a candidate, for official honors. He was a
member of the Board of Agriculture of the State for three
years, and was at one time inspector of customs for the
port of Saco. Mr. Doe is familiarly known as Capt. Doe,
he having been some twenty-five years ago captain of the
Saco Guards.
CITY OF BIDDEFORD.

 

ORIGINAL PATENTEES AND COLONISTS.
RicHarp VINES, one of the original patentees of Bidde-

ford, came to the coast of Maine from England in 1609, |
and remained here almost constantly afterwards for thirty ,
He was an enterprising and trustworthy agent of |

years.
Sir Ferdinando Gorges, who employed him in frequent

voyages to this coast, after the failure of the Popham colony —

had discouraged all further attempts to settle the country.
The severity of the winters was thought to be too great to
be endured by English people, and for many years none
could be induced to come here for the purpose of making
permanent homes. In 1616, Gorges sent out Richard
Vines, with orders to stay in this country all winter with
his companions, and thus practically test the rigor of the
climate. He spent the winter of 1616-17 in the sheltered
basin now known as Biddeford Pool, from which circum-
stance it received the name of Winter Harbor.

Mr. Vines made some sort of settlement here prior to
1623, as is proved by a statement of Gorges. In speaking
of the settlement undertaken at Agamenticus that year, he
says, “ And we found more hope of a happy success of
these affairs by reason that not far from that place there had
been settled some years before Mr. Richard Vines, a servant,
of whose care and diligence he (Gorges) had formerly made
much trial in his affairs.”

It is well known that Mr. Vines in repeated voyages sub-
sequent to 1616 made Winter Harbor his chief place of
resort. That he erected buildings here, and occupied the
place by tenants, more or less permanently, till he obtained
a grant of land in the vicinity, is highly probable.

The grant now commonly called the Biddeford patent,
coinciding nearly with the present limits of the town, was
made by the Council of Plymouth to John Oldham and
Richard Vines, Feb. 1, 1630. It extended along the sea-
coast four miles west from the mouth of Saco River, and
up into the country eight miles. Mr. Vines took legal
possession of this grant June 23, 1630, in the presence of
Isaac Allerton, Capt. Thomas Wiggin, Thomas Purchase,
Capt. Nathaniel Waters, Capt. John Wright, and Stephen
Reekes. The attorneys of the Council for the delivery of
possession were Rev. William Blackstone, of Shawmut,
now Boston, William Jeffries and Edward Hilton, of Pis-
cataqua.

The names and number of colonists present at this time
have not been recorded, but it was one of the conditions of
the grant that the patentees should transport fifty persons
to the colony, “to plant and inhabit there” within seven
years. We find within that period quite a list of names
and something of the occupation and financial standing of
the people. There is an agreement bearing date Jan. 27,
1635, between Peyton Cooke and Richard Williams, for

188

 

the furtherance of clapboard making,—an article of export
in which the settlers in the neighborhood of the pine-forests
early engaged. They were then riven out of bolts or logs,
instead of sawn, as at a later day. The principal settlers
at this early period, and their pecuniary standing, may be
learned from a rate-list for the support of the minister,
bearing date Sept. 7, 1636, which gives the names and
amounts as follows: Richard Vines, £3; Henry Boade, £2;
Thomas Williams, £2; Samuel Andrews, £1; William
Seadlock, £1; John Wadlow, £2; Robert Sankey, £1 10s. ;
Theophilus Davis, £1 10s.; George Frost, £1 10s.; John
Parker, £1; John Smith, £1; Robert Morgan, 15s.;
Richard Hitchcock, 10s.; Thomas Page, £1; Ambrose
Berry, £1. These subscriptions were probably for the
support of a minister a part of the time who was engaged
to hold religious services in different settlements, as we find
no regularly settled minister as early as this at Winter
Harbor. The oniy clergyman known to have been in the
country previous to 1636 was Rev. Richard Gibson, an
Episcopal minister at Spurwink and Richmond’s Island, and
who preached at a later period to the fishermen along the
coast and upon the Isles of Shoals. In 1636 he appears
in the court record as a party to a suit. Rev. Robert Jor-
dan, whose residence was at Spurwink, was probably the
next clergyman who came into the country, about 1640.

The first settlement was made near the sea, along the
north margin of the Pool, where Mr. Vines spent the win-
ter of 1616-17. Besides the settlers mentioned in the
rate-list, the following names have been gathered from other
sources: Francis Robinson, Arthur Macworth, Peyton
Cooke, Richard Williams, John West, Thomas Wise,
Stephen Batson, John Baylie, Thomas Cole, James Cole,
John Walton, John Bonython, Mergan Howell, Arthur
Browne, George Jewell. Some of these, Bonython at
least, were on the east side of the Saco River. Andrew
and Scadlock settled in the west part of the grant, near
Little River; John West and Thomas Williams north of
the principal settlement at Winter Harbor. Traces of for-
mer residences have been discovered at all of these places.
A point of land near the head of the Pool, long known as
Leighton’s Point, is said to have been the site of a court-
house during the period when the earliest courts were held
here. This point was the first seat of justice in Maine
when William Gorges was sent over and held the first court
in 1636. Before this the colonists had formed a ‘‘ combina-
tion” for the government of their little community, in
which Richard Vines was the organizing and leading
spirit.

The chief employments of the early colonists were agri-
culture, fishing, and trade with the natives. Some com-
bined the three pursuits, and were, by way of distinction,
 

ABEL H. JELLEsoN (Abel,’ George,* Alexander,’
Joseph,” Nicholas’) is sixth in lineal descent from
Nicholas, who came to York, Me., from England
about 1635. His father, Abel, born in the town of
Waterborough, March 1, 1790, married Polly, daugh-
ter of Joseph Bean, of Sanford, Me. Their children
are Moses, Abel H., Hannah, wife of Enoch Roberts,
Charity (deceased), Esther, and Lorenzo D. Abel
Jelleson has spent the greater part of his life asa
farmer and lumberman; he is known as a man of
sterling integrity, of correct habits, and good judg-
ment. He has always been identified with the Demo-
cratic party, and voted with the party in the fall of
1879.

His grandfather, George Jelleson, married Eliza-
beth, daughter of Deacon Moses Wadlin, of Bidde-
ford, formerly of South Berwick, by whom he had
three sons and seven daughters.

Judge Jelleson has in his possession a cast-iron
shell of about five and one-half inches in diameter,
taken from the battle-field at Louisbourg, Cape
Breton, June 16, 1745, by his great-grandfather,
Alexander Jelleson, under command of Sir William
Pepperell.

Abel H. Jelleson was born in Waterborough
Nov. 25, 1820. He received his early education in
the common school at home and at the high school
at Lyman, and for two terms was a teacher. He
first married Betsey H., daughter of Joshua Roberts,
of Parsonsfield. She died Nov. 4, 1852. Of this
union were born one daughter, Ella C., and one son,
Ansel L., a merchant in Biddeford. For his second
wife he married, July 5, 1853, Sarah E., widow of
the late James H. Staples, and daughter of Benjamin
and Clarissa (Libby) Dudley, of Kennebunkport, by

 

Photo. by E. H. McKenney.

Zt

whom he has one son, Daniel L. By her former
marriage Mrs. Jelleson has two sons,—John A. and
James Henry Staples, of Boston, Mass.

In November, 1846, Mr. Jelleson settled in Bidde-
ford. Until April 1, 1848, he worked in the Laco-
nia Cotton Mills, and was subsequently a clerk in a
store. In November, 1848, he formed a copartner-
ship with William Berry (afterwards judge of the
Municipal Court), Berry & Jelleson, and carried on
the grocery business until May 27, 1854, when he
purchased his partner’s interest and continued alone
in trade until August, 1865. He then formed a part-
nership with Ivory Goodwin, of Kennebunkport
(Goodwin & Jelleson), and the firm remained in
trade as jobbers of general produce until August,
1871. On Sept. 30, 1879, he associated with him
William H. Bragdon (Jelleson & Bragdon) in the
grocery business. Mr. Jelleson has been for many
years connected with various local societies and
prominently identified as a member.

He has been a member of the Laconia Lodge of
Odd-Fellows since 1847. He is a member of the En-
campment of Odd-Fellows, of Dunlap Lodge Free
and Accepted Masons, of York Royal Arch Chapter,
of the Maine Council, and of Bradford Commandery.

He has been a trustee for many years of the York
County Five-Cent Savings Institution.

He has been somewhat active and influential in
local politics ; was assessor in 1854; represented the
Second Ward of the city for one year as alderman.
He was a member of the State Legislature in 1863 ;
re-elected and served in 1864. In March, 1864, he
was elected judge of the Municipal Court of Bidde-
ford, and by re-election held the office for twelve
years.
CITY OF BIDDEFORD. 189

 

styled husbandmen or planters. A few were mechanics.
John Smith is mentioned as a carpenter. The inhabitants
took up tracts of 100 acres, of which Mr. Vines gave them
leases on nominal or small rents. There is in existence a
lease, given by Vines to John West, of an estate formerly
in the possession of Thomas Cole, including a dwelling-
house, for a term of one thousand years, the annual rent of
which was to be two shillings and onecapon. This lease was
dated October, 1638. Another lease from Vines required
the lessee to pay a rent-charge of five shillings, two days’
work, and one fat goose yearly. Fishing was the most lu-
crative employment, and a brisk trade sprang up at that
early time with different parts of America, the West In-
dies, and Europe. Pipe-staves and clapboards formed an
article of export, and it was not many years before saw-
mills were put in operation on the smaller streams, although
long years elapsed before the capital and the ingenuity
necessary to utilize the great water-powers were brought
into action.

Mr. John Oldham, the associate patentee with Mr. Vines,
was not among the settlers of Winter Harbor. He came
to New England with a family of ten persons, and joined
the Plymouth Colony in 1623. The next year he became
involved, together with Rev. John Lyford, in a serious
difference with the leading individuals of that colony, and
received sentence of banishment. He returned in the spring
of 1625, and being again expelled, was compelled to take
refuge with his family at Nantasket, where he was joined
by Mr. Lyford, Mr. Roger Conant, and others, with their
families, who seceded from the Pilgrims on account of their
peculiarly rigid principles. Soon after a company in Eng-
land, intending to form a colony at Cape Ann, appointed
these gentlemen to superintend it. They soon after com-
menced the settlement at Salem. Mr. Conant had the care
of the planting and fishing; Mr. Oldham the management
of the trade; and Rev. Mr. Lyford was their minister. In
1628, Mr. Oldham went to England, and was occupied with
a grant made him by Robert Gorges on the Charles River.
The Massachusetts colonists complained much of his per-
tinacity in defending his rights and title, notwithstanding
their patent embraced the tract in question. A compromise,
however, was made, and Oldham settled at Watertown,
where he resided in 1632, in which year he was one of a
committee of the eight towns of the colony of Massachu-
setts Bay, chosen by the people to confer with the Governor
and assistants on the subject of raising a public fund. This
was the first representative body in the colony of Massa-
chusetts, and the germ of the General Court, established
two years after upon the same basis of representation. Old-
ham, in 1633, was the pioneer explorer in Connecticut, and
led the way for the first settlement in that part of New
England. In 1634 he was one of the representatives from
Watertown to the General Court. His adventurous and
enterprising spirit at length brought him to a tragical end.
In the summer of 1636, while on a trading expedition to
the coast of Connecticut, he was barbarously murdered by
some of the Peguod Indians.

Richard Vines, the founder of the colony, was prominent
in all the early affairs of the province, his settlement being
made the chief seat of the government first established in

 

the country, and he himself a councilor, magistrate, and
deputy Governor for many years. He was a zealous adhe-
rent of the Gorges government during the period of its
continuance, and when it was superseded by the Rigby-
Cleaves government, or that of the province of Lygonia, he
bore an important part in the controversy till his retirement
from the country, about the close of the year 1645. Mr.
Vines removed to Barbadoes, in the West Indies. It ap-
pears from a correspondence with Governor Winthrop, of
Massachusetts, after his departure, that he had become
somewhat embarrassed in his private affairs. This circum-
stance, together with the prospect of being subjected to the
authority of his political enemy, Cleaves, probably induced
him to remove. Great numbers of English planters flocked
to the island of Barbadoes at that period, which was first
settled only twenty years before, and yet, in 1650, con-
tained a population of more than 20,000 whites, and a
much greater number of blacks and Indian slaves. The in-
habitants were chiefly royalists, many of whom left England
on account of the predominance of the Republican party.
Mr. Vines was a staunch Episcopalian, but it appears he
was not unwilling to listen to religious instruction from a
non-conformist, although offended by his covert attack
upon the rites and ceremonies of the English Church. The
last year of his abode at Winter Harbor, he held the office
of Governor by the election of the General Provincial Court.
He had previously exercised the duties of that office before
the arrival and after the departure of Thomas Gorges, by
virtue of his commission as steward-general of the prov-
ince. That his administration of affairs was acceptable to
the people in general, may be inferred from the strong dis-
approbation of the attempt made by Mr. Cleaves in Eng-
land to injure the reputation of his government, expressed
by many of the inhabitants.

TRANSFER OF THE PATENT.

Mr. Vines sold his patent before leaving the country to
Dr. Robert Child. The following certificate of the trans-
fer is annexed to the copy of the original instrument on
record :

“T, Richard Vines, of Saco, gentleman, have bargained and sold the
patent above specified unto Robert Child, Esq., Doctor of Physick,

and given him livery and seizen upon the 20th day of October, 1645,
in presence of Mr. Adam Winthrop and Mr. Benjamin Gilman.”

Dr. Child resided in Massachusetts several years, whence
he returned to England. He received his medical diploma
from the University of Padua, in Italy. He left Massachu-
setts on account of the want of religious toleration in that
colony, as did several others, whom the colony could ill
afford to spare.

After the incorporation in 1653, by the commissioners of
Massachusetts, the town made several grants within the
Child’s patent, assigning the lots to those who would im-
prove them upon their own risk, without warranting the
validity of the title. As they were left in doubt by not re-
ceiving any intelligence from the patentee, they deemed it
prudent to make the reservation in the grants,—“ except
any one can show a better title than the town hath.” In
1656 three executions were levied upon the patent in satis-
faction of judgments granted by the court of Salem to
190

HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

Joseph Armitage, of Lynn, against Messrs. John Beex & ©

Company, of London. Dr. Child probably sold the patent
to them, but at what time we are not informed. Armitage
came, and made his levies at Winter Harbor. A suit was

brought against him by Thomas Williams and his neigh- —
bors, and he was arrested for “ unjust molestation,” they -

not being aware at that time that Dr. Child had transferred
his interest in the patent. The dispute being referred to

the decision of the General Court, was decided in favor of |

the inhabitants.
the patent was sold by the London proprietors, Messrs.

But on the 11th of March, 1658-59, .

Beex & Company, to William Phillips, of Boston, for

the sum of £90, and possession given June 13, 1659, in
presence of Edward Rishworth and William White.*

The old inhabitants being well pleased with this ar-

rangement, entered into the following compact with Mr.
Phillips :

“A.D. 1659, 26 Sept. It is agreed and consented unto by Mr. W.
Phillips, of Boston, of the one party, and Mr. Thos. Williams, R.

‘

Trustram, P. Hill, N. Buly, Sen., and Christopher Hobbs, of Saco, |
of the other party, that the said parties having leases and possessions

of certain lands and meadows from Mr. Vines, in Saco, they shall
freely forever hereafter enjoy the same, with all the privileges and

profits contained in such their leases and possessions, both they and .
their heirs or assigns forever, for and in consideration of paying one |
day’s work for each lease, if it be demanded within the year, and |

yearly. And as for all mines, one-fifth part shall belong to the State

of England, and one-half of the rest to the said Mr. Phillips and his |
successors, and the other half to the possessors and their successors .
forever: To the which agreement the said Mr. Phillips doth bind .

himself, his heirs or assigns in the sum of six pounds sterling to each

man herein expressed, in case it should so happen that the right and ~
title be at any time hereafter recovered out of the hands of the said »

Mr. W. Phillips or his heirs or assigns. In witness hereto we have
interchangeably set our hands the day and date aforesaid.”
by the parties.)

(Signed .

A controversy soon after arose between the town and -
Mr. Phillips, which was referred to the General Court, |
whereupon the court appointed the following-named gentle- —

men a committee to effect a settlement, viz., Maj.-Gen.
Humphrey Atherton, Thomas Savage, and Thomas Clarke.
The committee made their award as follows :

“That the town of Saco shall have belonging to it all the land
lying within the bounds hereafter mentioned, viz., from Winter Harbor
to Saco River mouth, and from thence up along the river towards
the Falls as far as the house of Ambrose Berry, and from thence a
line to run on a square towards Cape Porpoise so far as the bounds
of said Saco go that way, and so unto the sea, and so along the sea
unto Winter Harbor, reserving out of this tract the sea-wall, begin-
ning at a pond about half a mile southward from the mill commonly
called Duck Pond, and running from the said pond to the mill, and
from thence to the rock of land on which Roger Spencer liveth, with
the marshes adjoining to the sea-wall, not exceeding forty rods broad
from said wall; and also a neck of Jand commonly called Parker’s
Neck; also sixty acres of woodland adjoining to an allotment late in
the possession of Woodman Leighton, now in the possession of Lieut.
Phillips; also sixty acres of land lying between Mr. Hitchcock’s
house and Saco River mouth, where Lieut. Phillips shall make choice
of it in any land not in lease, which aforesaid tract of land so bounded
shall be disposed of by the townsmen of Saco, either for commons or
otherwise, as they shall see cause, unto which disposal of the aforesaid
tract Lieut. W. Phillips doth consent. And all contracts made by any
of the possessors of any land within the limits of the patent in Saco,
which did belong unto Mr. Richard Vines, with Lieut. Phillips are to
stand good. And such possessors of land within the said limits as
have not yet contracted for their land that they do possess, are to pay

 

* County Records.

 

the like proportions of rent which those do who have already con-
tracted. And all other lands laid out within the limits of the patent
of Mr. Vines, excepting that neck of land where R. Spencer dwelleth,
which said neck is bounded by the sea-wall next it adjoining, to
belong unto Mr. Phillips.”

Mr. Phillips acquired soon after another title to his lands,
by an extensive purchase from the Indian sachem Mogg
Megone. The deed was executed in 1664, and recorded in
1669. The old lessees obtained a joint confirmation of
their leases from the patentee and the selectmen of the
town.

EARLY INHABITANTS.

People were admitted to be inhabitants by vote of the
town; so we find upon the town-book, March 15, 1665-66,
Thomas Harris admitted ; also at the same time an order
fining every housekeeper who absented himself from town-
meeting 5s.

The first pauper mentioned is in the proceedings of 1669,
when provision was voted for his support. In 1672 the
selectmen were ordered to procure a new book for records,
and Brian Pendleton requested to transcribe the records
into it.

We will now make further mention of the early settlers.

Henry Boade was a resident but a few years: He re-
moved to Wells, and became associated with Rev. John
Wheelwright in laying out and allotting that town, in 1643.
James Gibbins, the son-in-law of Mr. Lewis, one of the
patentees of Saco, purchased the land occupied by Boade,
and dwelt a short distance above the lower ferry.

Thomas Williams was a leading townsman for many
years, filling various positions within the gift of his fellow-
citizens. He was not successful in the acquisition of prop-
erty, and towards the close of his life was assisted in his
support by the town. No mention is made of his family,
except his wife. Richard, his brother, early engaged in
lumbering, was called the “clapboard cleaver,” and died in
1635, possessed of clapboards on hand to the value of
£164 8s. 4d.,—a large amount for those days. Peyton
Cooke was associated with him in the business.

Robert Sankey, another name on the rate-book of 1636,
was appointed provost-marshal in 1640. He died at Win-
ter Harbor soon after, and his estate passed into the hands
of Joseph Bowles, of Wells, who sold it, in 1659, to John
Boaden.

Theophilus Davis was probably constable, as he is styled
in the records of 1636 “ officer for this place.” Of Frost
and Parker there are no records to indicate what became of
them.

John Smith held a lease from Vines, dated 1642, of 100
acres, for which he was to pay an annual rent of 5s. In
1650 he assigned it to N. Buly, who was to enter upon it
in 1652, and allow Smith one room in the house for two
years after entrance. He held the office of marshal under
Cleaves’ authority, and was living in 1685, at the age of
seventy-three.

Samuel Andrews died before 1638. He took up land in
the western part of the town, near Little River, built a
house, and inclosed 4 acres. After his death, Mr. Vines
confirmed 100 acres to his widow, who afterwards married
Arthur Mackworth, of Casco. William Scadlock, a worthy
 

Photo. by Sawtelle, Biddeford.

YS E, ie

BarnaBas KE. Currer, son of Jacob and Eliza-
beth (Edmands) Cutter, was born in Newbaryport,
Mass., Feb. 11, 1813; married, in 1834, Sarah A.,
daughter of Nathaniel and Lydia (Scamman) Rid-
lon, of Saco. She is of Scotch descent, and was
born Oct. 30, 1815.

was drowned in Saco River in 1817.

Her father was a sailor, and
Her mother
lived to the ripe age of eighty-eight years and nine
months.

Mr. Cutter came to Saco at the age of thirteen to
visit his brother Abraham, and while here his
father died, on account of which he never returned
to his native place. He became a partner with his
brother in the mason’s trade in 1842 (A. & B.
Cutter), from which time until 1860 the firm was
engaged extensively in building in Saco and Bidde-

ford. From 1860 to the retirement of Abraham

 

| Cutter from the firm (1878), they were engaged in

the coal business. Mr. Cutter has now associated
with him in business Mr. John Quimby, with their
office located at the old place on the island.

Mr. Cutter enjoys the esteem of all who are
acquainted with him or have had business relations
with him. He is known as a man of sterling in-
tegrity and correct habits. He was superintendent
of the Gaslight Company of Saco and Biddeford for
eight years. He was one of the selectmen under
the old town government, and at the time of the
incorporation of Biddeford as a city held that office,
since which time he has been alderman and council-
man at different times. Of his four children Na-
thaniel died in infancy, Frank died at the age of

(For

an account of ancestry see sketch of Abraham Cutter.)

twelve, George B. and Hattie F. are living.
SIMON NEWCOMB

(Jesse Smith,? Simon,® Joshua,® An-
drew,* Simeon,’ Andrew,? Andrew!)
isa lineal descendant in the eighth
generation from Capt. Andrew New-
comb, who emigrated from the west
of England, Devonshire or Wales, to
America in the first part of the sev-
enteenth century. He is found in
Boston, Mass., in 1663, where he mar-
ried his second wife, Grace, widow of
William Rix. He was at that time a
master-mariner, and it is supposed he
had followed this occupation from his
youth. His descendants have taken
part in the settlement and progress of
New England, have been largely en-
gaged in navigation, in local and State
legislation; and many members of
this large family were found patriotic
to the country of their adoption, and
fought in the war for independence,
and in the war of 1812-14. The name
was originally spelled ‘ Newcombe.”

Simon Newcomb was born in Havy-
erhill, Mass., March 14, 1831. His
father, Jesse S. Newcomb, born in
Wellfleet, Mass., Feb. 7, 1792; mar-
ried Sarah W. Atwood, of the same
place, Sept. 20, 1815. She was born
in 1797, and died about 1854.

Jesse 8. Newcomb has spent most
of his life on the sea, first as a sailor
between America and Europe, and
subsequently as a master-mariner on
the coast of the United States. He
was at sea during the war of 1812-14;
was taken prisoner and carried to
Halifax, where he was kept in con-
finement for some three months. He
quit the sea about forty years ago,
and during the remainder of his ac-
tive business life carried on farming
in Haverhill, Mass., where he resides,
in 1879, at the advanced ago of eighty-
eight.

Simon Newcomb, subject of this no-

 

tice, was seventh in a family of seven
a a sons and five daughters; received a
s good common-school and academical
education during his minority. As
early as the age of twelve he began
learning the shoemaker’s trade, and
for several years prior to reaching his
majority worked as journeyman at his
trade. Hecame to Biddeford in 1851,
and in April, 1852, commenced inan-
ufacturing ladies’ boots by hand,
which business he continues in 1879,
having kept pace with the demands
of trade and with the latest improve-
ments known to the business. He
used the first sewing-machine in con-
nection with his business, brought to
Biddeford, and possibly used in York
County. He is the oldest shoe-manu-
facturer in York County. Mr. New-
comb isa practical shoe-manufacturer,
and from his first beginning on the
bench he has actively and successfully
followed the business. His trade
extends throughout New England,
New York, and Pennsylvania, and his
work is in popular demand wherever
known.

Since his residence in Biddeford he
has given little attention to politics,
yet interested in all local enterprises
tending to the prosperity of the city
or the welfare of its citizens. He has
officiated for two terms as a member
of the City Council, serving the last
term in 1877. He has been a director
of the First National Bank since 1871.

In 1872, Mr. Newcomb visited Eng-
land, France, Italy, Switzerland, and
Ireland, and again, in 1877, he spent
a part of the year in Paris, Switzer-
land, and Scotland with his family.
He married, Aug. 11, 1858, Mary R.,
daughter of Samuel and Eliza (Mer-
rill) Parecher. Their children are
Nellie F., Clara Maud, Angie P.,
Blanche, Gertrude, Ethel, and Arthur.
Of these children Ethel died in in-
fancy.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
 
 
 

  

 

 

 

 

RESIDENGE OF SIMON NEWCOMB,
16 SOUTH STEET, BIDDEFORD, MAINE.

 
CITY OF BIDDEFORD.

191

 

planter, took part in thé municipal affairs of the colony till
1659. When the line between this town and Cape Por-
poise was run, his house was found to be in the latter town:
Richard Hitchcock, the sergeant and officer of the train-
band, located at Winter Harbor, and a point on the north
side of the Pool bore his name for many years. He died
about 1671, leaving a wife and several children. Thomas
Page was a juror in 1640, after which his name does not
appear on the records.
Thomas—married Mary Edgecomb in 1664. He was one
of the selectmen in 1683, and afterwards. He had two
brothers, Sylvester and Christopher. Persons of this name
are still residents of the town.

Ambrose Berry is mentioned as a respectable and useful
inhabitant for many years; but where his house stood is
not precisely known, though an important boundary-line
established by the commissioners, in 1659, between Maj.
Phillips’ land and that left at the disposal of the town, ran
near it. The numerous families in this town and section
of this name are, beyond doubt, descendants of this early
settler.

John West is first mentioned in 1638, in connection with
a lease from Vines of house and lands adjoining, for the
term of one thousand years, subject to a yearly rent of 2s.
and one capon. ‘Thomas Cole is alluded to as “sometime
tenant or occupier of the premises.” West removed to
Wells about 1659, and died there in 1663. His daughter
married Thomas Haley, and to her children, Ann, Lydia,
Samuel, and Thomas, he left his estate, to be divided three
years after his death, under the direction of William Cole,
of Wells. Mr. Haley’s descendants are numerous and
highly respectable, filling useful and responsible positions
in church and town.

Deacon Benjamin Haley was a grandson of Thomas, the
old inhabitant, and an architect and builder of meeting-
houses. At the commencement of the Indian war of 1745
he removed to Marblehead, and died of fever at Cape Bre-
ton, the same year. His son John married a daughter of
Capt. John Fairfield, and he removed to Arundel, now
Kennebunkport.

Morgan Howell was among the colonists who came out
with Vines, and was a man of some force of character.
The best preserved records of him are those of the courts
of the day, in which he often appeared as a litigant. He
settled near Scadlock, and took an active part in the affairs
of Cape Porpoise, in which town he was an inhabitant in
1653. Some of the earliest. settlers on this side of the
river have thus been mentioned, and their location, as far
as known, given. Others that follow were some of the
most prominent successors.

Peter Hill was a member of Assembly of Lygonia, in
1648. His son Roger was among the freemen in 1653,
and was active in town affairs. He had eight children, of
whom the best known was Deacon Ebenezer, who was a
prominent man for many years. Soon after his marriage,
in 1705, he and his wife Abigail were captured by the In-
dians, and carried to Canada, where they remained three
years. Their eldest son, Ebenezer, was born there, or upon
their return; hence, in after-years, he was jocosely called
“the Frenchman.” Mr. Hill’s house was near the head of

George Page—probably a son of |

 

| in 1731.

Ferry Lane. He died in 1748, aged sixty-nine. His son,
Jeremiah, married Mary, daughter of Capt. Daniel Smith,
in 1746. He held a commission as justice of the peace,
and represented the town in the General Court several
years. He enlisted a company for a three-years’ term of
service in the Revolutionary war, and led it to Boston. It
joined Col. Vose’s regiment at West Point, and was at the
capture of Burgoyne, in October, 1777. After a year’s
service, Capt. Hill resigned his commission and returned
home. In 1779 he was appointed adjutant-general of the
State forces sent to the Penobscot River, but died August
12th of that year, aged fifty-six.

Thomas Emery built about 1730, near the lower meeting-
house, and married the daughter of Deacon Ebenezer Hill,
They had six sons,—James, afterwards a deacon,
Jonathan, Joshua, Ebenezer, Thomas, and Nathaniel. There

| were other families in town of this name, whose church tax
| showed them to be persons of some means.

The tax-list
of 1738 has upon it the names of Benjamin Emery, who,
in 1750, lived in the upper part of the town, near Capt.
Bradbury, Thomas Emery, Jonathan Emery, and John
Emery.

Roger Spencer was granted a privilege for a saw-mill in
1653, but it is not known that he became a resident of town
till 1658, when he and Maj. Pendleton purchased the Neck
together. He was to erect the mill before the expiration
of the year after the grant was given, which he probably
did; and his, beyond doubt, was the first mill in town. In
1658 he mortgaged one-half of it to Robert Jordan, and
the next year one-quarter of it to Thomas Spencer; the
latter afterwards became the property of Maj. Phillips. In
1669 he conveyed his remaining fourth to Capt. Thomas
Savage, of Boston.

Brian Pendleton, a prominent early settler, purchased, in
connection with Roger Spencer, property at Winter Harbor,
in 1658, of Mr. Jordan. It consisted of a tract of 200
acres, now known as Filetcher’s Neck. In 1660 Spencer
sold his interest to Pendleton, and in 1665 he removed
there, and for years it was known as Pendleton’s Neck. He

| was appointed to various civil and military trusts, particu-
| larly by the Massachusetts Commissioners, whose side he

invariably took in the disputes arising about jurisdiction.

| He died about 1680, leaving his estate—which was consid-

erable—to his wife, son, and grandchildren. His daughter

| married Rev. Seth Fletcher before 1655, and her only child,

Pendleton Fletcher, he adopted as early as 1671. To him
he gave the Neck, as far as Booth’s mill, and Wood and

| Gibbins’ Islands, with other detached pieces.

Capt. John Gray, commander of Fort Mary in 1720,
was a son of Joseph Gray, of London. He married, soon
after coming to Winter Harbor, Mrs. Elizabeth Tarbox ;
by her he had three daughters, one of whom married James
Staples, of this town, in 1755. Abner Sawyer, Sr., mar-
ried May, a daughter of James and May Staples, in 1779.

Thomas Gilpatrick,* the ancestor of a numerous family,

emigrated from the city of Coleraine, Ireland, with a family
; of five sons and one daughter, and first settled in Wells.-

About 1735 he removed to this town, where he died: in

 

* Sometimes spelled Gilpatric.
192 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

1762, aged eighty-eight. He had in all nine sons, some
of whom settled in Wells, where descendants still remain.
Six of this name entered the Revolutionary army from
this town.

In 1737, Mr. Bachelor Hussey, of Sherburne, Nantucket,
bought of Pendleton Fletcher half the Neck, Wood Island,
etc., for £1400. He was a Friend, and had descended
from Christopher Hussey, who came to New England from
Dorking, near London, in 1634, and settled at Lynn, Mass.
The year after Mr. Hussey’s purchase, he built the house
on Fletcher’s Neck occupied by his grandson, Christopher.
A number of his descendants are still residents here.

Capt. Daniel Smith came to this town from Exeter, and
married, 1719, Rebecca Emery, by whom he had ten chil-
dren. He kept public-house for a long time, and died
about 1750. His widow married Lieut. Nathaniel Ladd,
an officer of the English army, who settled in town after
his marriage, and continued the business pursued by Capt.
Smith. Madam Ladd survived her second husband ten
years, and died at the age of eighty-eight, having numbered
144 descendants, 4 of whom were great-grandchildren. The
name of Smith will never become extinct.

Pendleton Fletcher took possession of his estates, be-
queathed him by his grandfather, about 1680. Subse-
quently, in a war with the Indians, in 1698, he and his
two sous were taken prisoners, and he died in captivity.
One of the sons (Pendleton) returned from captivity, and
became a leading man in the affairs of the town. Of the
two daughters Mr. Fletcher left, one married Matthew Rob-
inson, of Winter Harbor, and the other, Samuel Hatch, of
Wells.

Pendleton Fletcher, son of the first Pendleton, was cap-
tured by the Indians four different times. He conveyed
his property, in 1746, to his sons, John, Joseph, Brian,
Pendleton, Seth, and Samuel. His son Pendleton lived
on the old estate at the Neck, and died there April 17,
1807, aged one hundred years.

Ralph Tristram was a freeman in 1655, though he may
have settled earlier. He was a worthy and useful towns-
man, and died in 1678. He left quite a family of children.
A daughter Hannah married Dominicus Jordan, son of
Rev. Robert Jordan, and settled at Spurwink, where he
was treacherously killed by the Indians, and his family
taken captives and carried to Canada. They were after-
wards restored, except the youngest, Mary Ann, who re-
mained and married a French gentleman, at Trois Rivieres.
Samuel, one of the sons, settled in this town about 1717,
and from him have descended the numerous families of that
name in town.

Capt. Samuel Jordan died Dec. 20, 1742, aged fifty-
eight. He was a man of great enterprise, and was exten-
sively engaged in business many years, and no man did
more to promote the prosperity and growth of the town
than he. His store, near the Pool, was resorted to by the
inhabitants from all about for supplies. His home was se-
cured against attacks from the Indians by a strong stone
wall that surrounded it. In times of peace it was visited
by the Indians. On one occasion, it is related, they crept
silently into the house, with hostile intentions, but the cap-
tain calmly notified a person in a distant part of the house

 

of their presence, and told him where to find a gun, upon
which his sneaking visitors left without delay. While a
young man, he was detained a captive several years by the
savages, and acquired their language so well as to act in
the capacity of an interpreter at conferences between them
and the whites. Capt. Jordan married Olive Plaisted, of
Berwick, by whom he had seven children,—three sons and
four daughters; three of his daughters married ministers,
two of whom lived in this town,—Mr. Morrill, the settled
minister, and Mr. Samuel Hill, who in 1754 was repre-
sentative of the town. His widow married Rev. Thomas
Smith, of Falmouth.

The chief magistrate in Biddeford, after 1742, for many
years, was Hon. Rishworth Jordan, who lived in the lower
part of the town, in the house afterwards occupied by his
youngest son, R. T. Jordan, Esq. arly in the Revolu-
tionary war he was placed upon the bench of the Court of
Common Pleas, of which he became chief justice. He dis-
charged his duties with ability and uprightness; was an
active and prominent man in town affairs, in which he min-
gled for more than fifty years. He was a selectman of the
town thirty-five years, and town clerk from 1741 to 1780,
—thirty-nine years. He died in 1808, aged eighty-nine.
He married Abigail, daughter of Col. Timothy Gerrish, of
Kittery, in 1742, by whom he had ten children,—six of
whom were daughters. Olive married Dr. Pierce, of Kit-
tery, 1765; Abigail, William Vaughan, of Portsmouth,
1768; Sarah, Capt. Paul Jenkins, of York, 1769, who
settled in Saco, near Pipe-Stave Point, but afterwards
known as Junkin’s Point; Mary, to Col. Joseph Morrill,
1772, afterwards a resident of Saco; Elizabeth, to Benja-
min Nason, Jr., of Saco, 1784; and Jane, to William
Shannon, of Dover, 1809.

Lieut. William Phillips, as he was styled, came to this
town in 1660. He became largely engaged in lumber-
ing. In 1661 he purchased one-quarter of Capt. Spencer's
mill, and the next year employed his son-in-law, Capt.
John Alden, a son of John Alden, of Miles Standish
fame, to build him another, one-quarter of which he con-
veyed to him after completion. In 1667 he sold half of
Factory Island to Capt. John Bonython for 800 pine-
trees, suitable to make merchantable boards. He was an
extensive landholder, buying large tracts of the Indian
sagamores, which his descendants inherited. He was a
man of much consideration in those times, and great defer-
ence was shown him by the people. It is traditional that
a man was fined for saying “ Maj. Phillips’ horse is as lean
as an Indian dog.” Before 1670, he sold several large
tracts, partly lying within his patent. The first, of 1000
acres, bounded south by Swan Pond Creek, and extending
one mile on the river, to Richard Hutchinson ; adjoining
that, 1500 acres, to Edward Tyng; north of Tyng’s, 2000
acres, to Richard Russell, of Charlestown ; and joining Rus-
sel's lots, three square miles, to Maj.-Gen. John Leverett.
He removed to Boston about the latter part of 1675, and
died there in 1683.

CIVIL AFFAIRS OF THE TOWN.

Nothing is known of the administration of town affairs
prior to 1653, the date of the submission to Massachusetts,
 

TIMOTHY SHAW, JR.,

(Timothy,* Samuel,’ Samuel’), is a descendant in the fourth
generation from Samuel Shaw, who married Thankful Garey,
and lived in York.

His son, Samuel Shaw, born in York Aug. 7, 1757, married
Patience, daughter of John Kingsbury. She was born Jan. 1,
1755, and died in Sanford Sept. 2, 1840, where they settled
in 1788, on Shaw’s Ridge, in that town. He died June 28,
1840.

Timothy Shaw, son of Samuel, and father of the subject of
this notice, born in York March 19, 1783, married Lucy Low
Nov. 26,1807. She was born in Sanford Dec. 20, 1778, and
died Jan. 21,1841. Timothy Shaw, Jr., went to Sanford with
his parents when five years of age; was liberally educated ; was
a teacher during his early manhood ; was a surveyor of lands;
began trade in Sanford in 1826, which he carried on until 1839.
He was selectman for twenty-one years; was State senator in
1839-40, and prior to that time had been a member of the
House for several terms. Politically he was identified with the
Democratic party, and took an active and influential part in
local and State legislation. He died Aug. 20, 1870.

They had two children,— Samuel Madison, born Nov. 26,
1811, a resident of Alfred; and Timothy Shaw, Jr., born in
Sanford Oct. 12, 1817.

Mr. Shaw spent his boyhood in school. At the age of seven-
teen he became a clerk in his father’s store at Sanford Corners,
where he remained until 1838. In 1839, having purchased the
stock of goods of his father, with Samuel Tripp (Tripp & Shaw),
he began trade for himself. This firm continued only one year.
He was afterwards a member of the firm of S. B. Emery & Co.,
at Sanford Corners, for about two years. In 1840 he took the

 

census of Sanford, and from 1841 to 1845 was deputy sheriff
and crier of the court for, York County.

In 1845 he was appointed, by Gov. Anderson, county com-
missioner to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of Daniel
Pierce, of Kittery, and was afterwards twice elected to the same
office, which he resigned, in 1852, to assume the duties of regis-
ter of deeds, to which office he was elected in September of the
same year, and removed to Alfred. He held this office for five
years ; was renominated in 1857, but defeated at the polls by
a small majority.

He was appointed, by Hon. Moses Macdonald, inspector of
customs for the district of Portland and Falmouth in March,
1859, and remained in this office until June, 1861, when the
administration changed by the election of Abraham Lincoln.
He spent the year 1863 in Neponset, Mass., as agent and finan-
cial manager for EH. S. Howe, an extensive lumber dealer. In
Oct. 1865 he removed to Biddeford to assume the duties of
treasurer and book-keeper of the Shaw & Clark Sewing Machine
Company, which place he retained until 1867. In 1868 he was
elected city treasurer and collector, and by re-election held the
office until 1872. In June, 1876, he was one of the delegates
from the First Congressional District of Maine to the Democratic
national convention, at St. Louis, which placed in nomination
Hon. Samuel J. Tilden for President, and Thomas A. Hen-
dricks for Vice-President. In 1875 Mr. Shaw was elected one
of the assessors for the city of Biddeford, and again elected to
that office in 1879. He married, June 14, 1837, Elizabeth,
daughter of William Emery, of Sanford. Their children are
William Greenleaf, Howard Martin, Lucy Elizabeth, Jeremiah
Goodwin, and Marcia Annie.
 

Photo. by E. H. McKenney.

poeeerT

James Aueustus Srrout, son of Moses and
Annie M. (Richardson) Strout, was born in Chat-
ham, N. H., Oct. 3, 1842.

penter by trade; removed from Chatham to Lowell,

His father is a car-

Mass., where he remained for fourteen years; then
settled in Standish, Me., and subsequently in Bux-
ton, where he now resides and carries on farming.

Mrs. Strout is a daughter of David Richardson,
a well-known stock dealer and a descendant of one
(See Richard-

Their children are James Au-

of the first settlers of Boston, Mass.
son genealogy.)
gustus, Aramantha, wife of Marritt I. Paine, of
Auburn, Me.; Moses G., George L., Jesse A., and
Mary L. James A. received his education in the
grammar school in Lowell, and in the Standish
Academy, and graduated at Eastman’s Commer-
cial College, in Poughkeepsie, N. Y. In May,
1861, he enlisted from Limington in the 5th Maine
Infantry. Was detailed as ward-master of Colum-
bia College Hospital, in Washington, D. C., which

position he retained for some time, and on account

of ill health was honorably discharged from ser-

vice and returned home. Subsequently he re-en-
listed in the 16th Maine Infantry. Was detailed
as regimental orderly, and afterwards as brigade
orderly; served one year and received an honor-
able discharge, returning home after spending some
four years in Haverhill, Mass., and one year West.
In 1870 he came to Biddeford and opened an art
store, which he carried on successfully until 1877.
In 1876 he purchased the interest of E. S. Frost
in the manufacture and business of stamped rug
patterns, associated with him as partner Mr. Gerry
G. Shaw, and, under the firm-name of E. 8. Frost
& Co., has very successfully carried on that interest,
which they continue in 1879.

Mr, Strout was a member of the board of alder-
men for two years, and was elected mayor of the
city of Biddeford, in March, 1879.

He married, May 17, 1868, Sarah F., daughter
of Marcus Wight, of Brunswick, Me. Her only
brother, Marcus, Jr., is a graduate of Bowdoin
College, in the class of 1862. They have an only

son, James Augustus Strout, Jr.
CITY OF BIDDEFORD.

193

 

and that at which the oldest existing town records begin.
The commissioners, who had full power to arrange all
matters, local as well as general, in the province, ordained
as follows:

“1, That Saco shall be a township by itself, and always shall be a
part of Yorkshire, and shall enjoy protection, equal acts of favor and
justice with the rest of the people inhabiting on the south side of the
river Piscataqua, or any other within the limits of our: jurisdiction,
and enjoy the privileges of a town as others of the jurisdiction have
and do enjoy, with all other liberties and privileges within our juris-
diction.

“2. That every inhabitant shall have and enjoy all their just prop-
erties, titles and interests in the houses and lands which they do
possess, whether by grant of the town possession or of the former
General Court.

“3, That all the present inhabitants of Saco shall be free men of
the county, and having taken the oath of freemen, shall have liberty
to give their votes for the election of governor, assistants, and other
general officers of the country.

“4, That the said town shall have three men approved by the
county courts from year to year, to end small causes, as other town-
ships in the jurisdiction have, where no magistrate is, according to
law; and for the present year Mr. Thomas Williams, Robert Booth,
and John West are appointed and authorized to end all small causes
under 40s., according to law. And further, these commissioners, or
any two of them, are and shall be empowered and invested with full
power and authority as magistrates to keep the peace, and in all
civil causes to grant attachments and executions if need require.
Any of the said commissioners have power to examine offenders, to
commit to prison, unless bail be given to according to law; and where
these, or any of these shall judge needful, they shall have power to
bind offenders to the peace on good behavior. Also any of the com-
missioners have power to administer oaths according to law. It is
further hereby ordered that, for this present year, Mr. Thomas Wil-
liams, Robert Booth, and John West shall be the selectmen to order
the prudential affairs of the town of Saco for this year. Lastly, it is
granted that the inhabitants of Saco shall be from time to time ex-
empted from all public rates, and that they shall always bear their
own charges of the courts, and arising from among themselves.
Ralph Tristram is appointed constable, and William Scadlock clerk
of the writs and grand juryman for this year. Richard Hitchcock is
appointed and authorized as a sergeant to exercise the soldiery.”

At the first business meeting of the inhabitants under
the jurisdiction of Massachusetts, July 12, 1653, they
made division of marsh-lands under the direction of the
selectmen ; the 17th the division was continued.

A grant for the first saw-mill on Saco River was made
Sept. 27, 1653, to Roger Spencer, provided it be done
within one year, and that the townsmen have boards 12d.
cheaper than strangers, and that the townsmen shall have
preference of employment when they will work as cheaply
as strangers. John Davis, of York, had a similar privi-
lege granted, Jan. 17, 1654, with addition of timber- and
meadow-land sufficient for his work, about or above the falls,
if it is to be had ungranted. He was allowed two and a half
years in which to finish the mill, and to employ towns-
people in preference to strangers; to furnish boards 10d.
per hundred under current rates; and he was to set up his
forge in Saco, and do work for current prices so long as he
is an inhabitant or had a dwelling there.

The first representative to the General Court was Robert
Booth, in 1659, and the second, the following year, Richard
Hitchcock. In 1675, Capt. Richard Waldron, of Dover,
was appointed their deputy to represent them. These were
the only times the town was represented at the Massachu-
setts General Court during that century. In 1667, under
the king’s commissioners’ government, Brian Pendleton

25

 

was elected burgess to attend the General Court of the
province.

The records of the town continued without interruption
till 1676, when they were suspended four years on account
of King Philip’s war. They were commenced again June
12, 1680, when they open with a report of important ac-
cessions to the town. “John Abbot is admitted into the
town, and to enjoy town privileges. Humphrey Scamman is
accepted into this town, and to enjoy all town liberties.
John Abbot is chosen clerk of the town, and to keep the
town book.” The next year John Abbot, Humphrey
Scamman, and Richard Peard were chosen for “townsmen ;”
John Leighton, surveyor; Pendleton Fletcher, constable ;
John Bonython, surveyor for the north side of the river ;
John Abbot, town clerk. It is impossible, with our lim-
ited space, to go entirely through the records, which are
repetitions of much the same things from year to year,
and of little interest to the general reader.

The inhabitants remained at Winter Harbor during the
first Indian war, with the exception of a temporary disper-
sion caused by Jocelyn’s capitulation of the garrison at
Black Point. Among those who removed from here and
did not return was Maj. William Phillips. His house and
mill, however, were where Biddeford now stands, and being
isolated from the rest of the settlement, except a few tene-
ment-houses in the vicinity of his mill, his house was
singled out for destruction by the Indians.

John Jocelyn, in his “‘ Voyages,” 1672, thus describes the
settlement on both sides of the mouth of the Saco River:
“ About eight or nine miles east of Cape Porpoise is Win-
ter Harbor, a noted place for fishers. Here they have
many stages. Saco adjoins to this, and both make a scat-
tering town of large extent, well stored with cattle, arable
land and marshes, and a saw-mill.”

We infer from this that the inhabitants were, to a large
.extent, engaged in fishing and agriculture. The settlement
extended from Little River, adjoining Cape Porpoise, to Old
Orchard Beach. The last record contained in the old town
book shows that a union of the town with Cape Porpoise
was ordered by Governor Andros, though for what purpose,
and how long it continued, weare not informed. The entry
is as follows:

“By a legal town-meeting for Saco and Cape Porpoise, according
to law, on Monday, 21st of May, 1688, whereat Thomas Shepherd,
Francis Bachus, John Edgecomb, and John Abbot are chosen select-
men for Saco, and Richard Peard constable for the same; and Jobn
Miller and Nicholas Mering selectmen for Cape Porpoise, and Rich-
ard Randall constable for the same; and it is ordered that if Cape
Porpoise will not accept of the selectmen and constable chosen by the
town of Saco, then the selectmen in Saco and constable for the same
shall act and do for them as selectmen and constable of the same.
Also, Edward Sargeant is chosen commissioner, William Geale town
clerk, and Thomas Doughty town treasurer.”

The “ scattering’ condition of the settlements, and their
exposure to Indian ravages, caused some of the prominent
citizens on the west side of the river, near the beginning of
the last century, to seek for a new town organization and a
more compact settlement, in accordance with the general
policy of Massachusetts at that period, to carry out which
a committee had been appointed by the General Court “ to
order and regulate the eastern settlements.”
194 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

In 1718 the last meeting of the inhabitants on both sides
of the river, under the old name of Saco, was held at the
house of John Stackpole, when Ebenezer Hill, Humphrey
Scamman, and Richard Stimpson were chosen selectmen.
On the 14th of November, of the same year, in answer to
a petition of Humphrey Scamman and others, it was “ re-
solved” by the General Court “that £40 be allowed and
paid out of the public treasury for the support of a minister
at Winter Harbor for this year; and that the petitioners
be invested with the powers of a town according to the
ancient bounds thereof; provided, that this order shall in
no measure infringe the just title of any person to lands
there, and that 50 families at the least, more than now are,
be admitted as soon as may be, and settle in a compact and
defensible manner according to the directions of Hon. John
Wheelwright and others, the committee for regulating the
eastern settlements; and that the name thereof be BIDDE-
FORD.”

This name is supposed to have been selected by some of
the inhabitants who immigrated from Biddeford, England,
which is in the county of Devonshire, near the entrance to
the Bristol Channel. ‘‘ Worcester’s Universal Gazetteer’
gives the following description of it:

“ Biddeford, or Bideford (by the ford), a seaport forty miles north
of Exeter, one hundred and eight west of London; population 3244.
It is situated near the union of Towridge and the Taw, over the former
of which there is a very long bridge of twenty-four arches. Large
quantities of coarse earthenware are made here and sent to most
parts of the kingdom. The market is large and well supplied with
provisions,”

REPRESENTATIVES TO THE GENERAL COURT.

Humphrey Scamman, 1719-20; Pendleton Fletcher, 1721; Capt.
Daniel Smith, 1747-50 ; Rev. Samuel Hill, 1754; Samuel Jordan,
1756-63 ; Jeremiah Hill, Sr., 1766-72; Abraham Chase, 1788.

SELECTMEN.

Ebenezer Hill, Humphrey Scamman, Benjamin Haley, 1719; Pen-
dleton Fletcher, Ebenezer Hill, Humphrey Scamman, 1720;
Humphrey Scamman, Abraham Townsend, Ebenezer Hill, 1721;
Abraham Townsend, Ebenezer Hill, Humphrey Scamman, 1722;
Humphrey Scamman, Ebenezer Hill, John Davis, 1723; Hum-
phrey Scamman, Ebenezer Hill, Abraham Townsend, 1724-25;
Ebenezer Hill, Abraham Townsend, Humphrey Scamman, 1726;
Samuel Jordan, Ebenezer Hill, Abraham Townsend, 1727; Ben-
jamin Haley, Abraham Townsend, John Gordon, 1728; Samuel
Jordan, John Stackpole, Humphrey Scamman, 1729; Humphrey
Scamman, Samuel Jordan, John Stackpole, 1730; Humphrey
Scamman, Ebenezer Hill, Richard Stimpson, 1731; Records de-
fective, 1732-34; Robert Patterson, Robert Edgecomb, John
Davis, 1735; Ebenezer Hill, John Davis, Robert Patterson, 1736;
John Gray, John Stackpole, Samuel Jordan, 1737-39; Samuel
Jordan, John Stackpole, Humphrey Scamman, 1740; Ebenezer
Hill, Samuel Jordan, John Stackpole, 1741; Ebenezor Hill,
Rishworth Jordan, Samuel Scamman, 1742; John Gray, Samuel
Jordan, Abraham Townsend, Robert Patterson, John Davis,
1743; John Gray, Rishworth Jordan, Ebenezer Hill, Robert
Patterson, Robert Brooks, 1744; John Gray, Ebenezer Hill,
Robert Patterson, Rishworth Jordan, Dominicus Seamman, 1745;
Rishworth Jordan, Thomas Emery, Christopher Bradbury, John
Stackpole, Jr., Samuel Scamman, Jr., 1746; John Gray, Rish-
worth Jordan, Robert Brooks, Samuel Scamman, Jr., Chris-
topher Bradbury, 1747; John Gray, Capt. Daniel Smith, Rish-
worth Jordan, Christopher Bradbury, Samuel Scamman, 1748;
John Gray, John Davis, Rishworth Jordan, Samuel Scamman,

_dr., James Scamman, 1749; Rishworth Jordan, Samuel Scam-
man, J. Scamman, Joseph Dyer, J. Stackpole, Jr., 1750; Rish-
worth Jordan, James Scamman, Samuel Scammaan, Jr., J. Stack-

 

pole, Jr., Joseph Dyer, 1751; Rishworth Jordan, Samuel Scam-
man, Jr., J. Scamman, Joseph Dyer, 1752-53 ; Rishworth Jordan,
Samuel Scamman, Jr., Tristram Jordan, Joseph Dyer, 1754; R.
Jordan, 8. Scamman, J. Dyer, T. Jordan, Ebenezer Hill, Jr.,
1755-56; Capt. T. Jordan, J. Dyer, Amos Chase, Benjamin
Hooper, Jeremiah Hill, 1757-58; J. Dyer, B. Hooper, J. Hill, A.
Chase, Ebenezer Ayers, 1759; S. Jordan, Capt. T. Jordan, A.
Chase, J. Dyer, J. Hill, 1760-62; R. Jordan, 8. Jordan, J. Hill,
1763-66; R. Jordan, J. Hill, Benjamin Nason, 1767; R. Jordan,
J. Hill, B. Hooper, 1768-70; R. Jordan, Obed Emery, EH. Hill,
1771; R. Jordan, J. Hill, B. Hooper, 1772-74; R. Jordan, Joseph
Stimpson, Allison Smith, 1775-76; R. Jordan, B. Hooper, B.
Nason, 1777; A. Smith, R. Jordan, Joseph Morrill, 1778; John
Dyer, A. Smith, B. Nason, 1780; R. Jordan, Capt. B. Hooper,
James Emery, 1781; R. Jordan, B. Hooper, A. Smith, 1782-83 ;
A. Stith, John Dyer, Robert Gilpatrick, 1784-85; R. Jordan,
B. Hooper, J. Emery, 1786-87; A. Smith, R. Gillpatrick, Josiah
Hill, 1788,
The town clerks for this period were four, viz., Hum-
phrey Scamman, 1717-34; Samuel Jordan, 1734-41 ;

Rishworth Jordan, 1741-80; Jeremiah Hill, 1780-88.

PROGRESS OF SETTLEMENTS.

The land on which the city of Biddeford is situated was
part of the original estate of Maj. William Phillips, who
made the first improvements within its limits. Maj. Phil-
lips came here from Boston, in 1660, and the year follow-
ing erected his house a few rods below the Falls, on the
western side of the river, and also built a grist- and saw-
mill at the Falls. The enterprise of Maj. Phillips, in the
manufacture of lumber, drew hither quite a little settle-
ment, chiefly composed of his employees, who occupied
tenement-houses in the vicinity of the mills. The inhab-
itants from the country around came to his grist-mill to get
their grinding done, some bringing their bags of corn on
horseback and some suspended to the yokes of their oxen,
as there were scarcely any roads which admitted of the
passage of wagons or carts. The little settlement went on
quite prosperously till the breaking out of the first Indian
war in 1675, when it was destroyed and every building in
the place reduced to ashes. Maj. Phillips had garrisoned
his house, and, with the aid of his men, defended it bravely,
beating off the assaults of the savages till they were com-
pelled to abandon the siege, he being wounded in the
shoulder. After the enemy had retired he applied for
assistance at Winter Harbor, but the settlers being so much
alarmed for their own safety, could not help him, and he
withdrew his men and family and abandoned his house,
which the Indians soon afterwards set on fire, together with
the millsand tenements. Maj. Phillips returned to Boston,
where he died in 1683.*

DIVISION OF THE PHILLIPS ESTATE.

On the resettlement of the town in 1718, the Phillips
heirs appeared and caused a division of the estate to be
made. In running the lines the surveyors began “at a
small brook below the Falls, known by the name of Davis’
Brook, and thence ran four miles up the river, and thence
backwards four miles into the country,” including Factory
and Cow Islands and the saw-mill built by Capt. Turfrey.
This estate had been devised to Mrs. Phillips and her two

 

* See full account of this war in general history ; also sketch of
Maj. Phillips, elsewhere.
IQQY

 

Mheute Matty

CuarLes Harpy was born in Tewksbury, Mass., April 22, 1819.
He went to Lowell with his father, Capt. Samuel Hardy, who was a
builder of note in the infancy of that city. Having a taste for me-
chanical pursuits, he entered the mills there in early life and soon
rose to a prominent position ; and in 1845 he was invited by the late
Otis Holmes, then agent of the Laconia Company, to come to Bidde-
ford and become an overseer in the first mill built by that company.
In 1850 he was transferred to a wider field in the new Pepperell
Mills, and became in his department overseer of all the mills of the
Pepperell Company. In this responsible position he remained until
1861.
duty, and the care and management of his department, his uniform

Ilis faithfulness to the company in the discharge of every

kindness to his employees, his resolution to carry forward to a suc-
cessful completion whatever he undertook, gave him the full con-
fidence of all with whom he was connected in business.

While Mr. Hardy was engaged in the Pepperell Mills, and after-
wards until his death, he was one of the most active and enterprising
citizens in Biddeford, taking a deep interest in all worthy local enter-
prises tending to beautify the city and benefit its citizens. He laid out
many streets, and erected a number of residences on the “ Heights” in
the city; erected a fine residence for himself on City Square; as chair-
man of the building committee, enlarged and built several school-
houses in 1862-63; purchased and laid out Greenwood Cemetery ; and
was president of the association for some time. He purchased and
laid out Central Park at Old Orchard Beach; was treasurer of the
Pavilion Church Society for four years, and chairman of the building
committee in the erection of the church edifice in 1863; president of
the Ne-plus-ultra Collar Company, soon after its organization, until
his death, Dec. 30, 1877. He was a member of the city government
in 1863 and 1870.

In the various associations with which he was connected, and in
the social circle, his presence was always welcome, and his genial
spirit infused life and gladness to all around him. He was a devout
and consistent follower of Christ, liberal in his views and feelings,
and tolerant toward those who differed from him. One of the active
members of the Pavilion Society, and an elder in its church, he was
beloved and honored by all.

He married Miss Harriet F. York, of Exeter, N. H.
children are: Hattie, wife of Jesse Gould, a lawyer of Biddeford;

The surviving

 

 

George P. Wardy, connected with the Hardy Machine Company :
and Mamie Hardy.

Charles Hardy invented the ‘“‘ Card Grinder ;”’ secured his patent for
the same Feb. 5, 1861, and began manufacturing on Gooch Island in
1862; and in connection with this business he carried on a hardware
The English Spinning Roll Com-
pany was incorporated Feb. 11, 1865

and manufacturer’s supply-store.

 

, the incorporators being James
G. Garland, Luther Bryant, Francis A. Small, James R. Clark,
George Il. Adams, and Charles A. Shaw. President, James G. Gar-
Jand; treasurer, Francis A. Small. Members of this incorporation
purchased the Weild Patent, and transferred their right to the com-
pany. On July 10, 1865, Mr. Charles Hardy, having purchased the
Parker Patent in 1860, also transferred his rights to that and the
Card Grinder Patent to the same company, and in February, 1866,
the charter of the company was amended, took the name of the
Hardy Machine Company, and increased its capital stock to seventy-
five thousand dollars.

The business of this company has been carried on on the corner
of Elm and Lincoln Streets in Biddeford, where the buildings for-
merly used for milling purposes have been enlarged and rebuilt.
After the organization of the company until 1871, a grist-mill,
planing-mill, and wood job-shop were run in connection with the
manufacture of card grinders and card-grinding machinery; sinee
With the

manufacturing interest the business of the Hardy Machine Company

which time only iron and wood job-work is carried on.

has become an important interest in Biddeford, and its manufactures
are in popular and constant demand throughout the United States
and Canada, with a limited market in other countries, and to Mr.
Hardy’s enterprise the company owes largely its great success.

The directors upon its organization were R. M. Chapman, Charles
Hardy, James G. Garland, James R. Clark, Risworth Jordan, Jr.,
Presidents of the company have been R. M,
Chapman and Risworth Jordan, Jr.; treasurers, Charles Hardy, R.
M. Chapman, and John H. Burnham ; secretaries, James G. Garland,

and George H. Adams.

R. M. Chapman, and George A. Emery. The officers of the company,
in 1879, are: president, Risworth Jordan, Jr., treasurer, John H.
Burnham; secretary, George A. Emery ; directors, Risworth Jordan,
Jv., John H. Burnham, Luther Bryant, Frederick A. Day, George A.
Emery, and Joshua A. Moore.
CITY OF BIDDEFORD. 195

 

sons, Samuel and William, with the exception of one-fourth
part previously sold to Abraham Harmon. Samuel, a few
years after the death of his father, had sold his undivided
part, being one-fourth of the whole, to Capt. George Tur-
frey. One-half of the tract only, therefore, was claimed
by the Phillips family at the time of the division, which
took place in September, 1718. In the division, six acres
about the mill were assigned to the proprietors in common
«(John Briggs and others, of Boston)* for a landing, still
known as the “ Mill Brow.”

The commissioners proceeded as follows: (1st) they laid
out to Briggs, beginning at Davis’ Brook, an extent of eight
rods on the river, running back southwest four miles to the
bounds of the patent; (2d) to the Phillips heirs, one hun-
dred and sixty rods next above on the river, and four miles
back; (8d) to the heirs and assigns of Harmon, eighty
rods; (4th) to the Phillips heirs, one mile and a half; (5th)
to Briggs, three-fourths of a mile; (6th) to Harmon, three-
fourths of a mile. Two years after the Phillips heirs sold
out in part to Edward Bromfield, Jr., Thomas Salter,
Samuel Adams, and Henry Hill, all of Boston. Briggs
also sold in part to Tristram Little, of Newbury, a few years
later. The supposed heir of Harmon, George Buck, of
Biddeford, England, did not appear till a much later date.
In 1758 he sold Harmon’s first lot (eighty rods wide) to
Benjamin Nason ; and nine years after the second lot (three-
fourths of a mile in breadth) to John McIntire, of York.
Corresponding shares in the mill long known as the “ Lower
Mill” were conveyed with the land. Nathaniel, son of Maj.
Phillips, left no lineal heirs. His nephew, William, took
out administration on the estate in 1719, and brought in a
tract of land one and a quarter miles in breadth on the
river, and extending four miles to the southwest. Adams,
Salter, and Bromfield, afterwards joined by Pepperell,
bought out the collateral heirs, and divided the tract among
themselves.

Parker’s Neck, on which Fort Mary was built, was a
portion of the property, and was sold by the heirs in 1727
to Capt. Samuel Jordan.

The proprietors began their division of the Nathaniel
Phillips tract on the southerly line of Phillips’ patent, as
the line was determined upon between him and the town,
namely, near Ambrose Berry’s house, thought to be near
Clarke’s Brook, running north by course of the river two
hundred and forty-two rods, and back three miles; and,
secondly, a tract adjoining this two hundred and twenty-
four rods wide to land of Mr. Gordon—formerly Pendle-
ton’s—four miles back.

This Pendleton lot of 600 acres devised by Maj. Pen-
dleton to his son James was conveyed by him to Nicholas
Moray, of Taunton, Mass., in 1700, and Moray took pos-
session the same year, in presence of Joseph and John Hill.
John Gordon, of Newbury, afterwards bought a part of
this land, and his two sons, Allen and Joseph, were settled
on it in 1728. Descendants of Joseph still occupy it.

The 500 acres Maj. Phillips conveyed to his sons-in-law,
Zachary Gillam and Ephraim Turner, were next above Pen-
dleton’s, and had West’s Brook as a southwest boundary.

 

* Briggs had married Katherine, a daughter of Capt. Turfrey.

 

In width it was seventy rods, and ran to the western limit
of the patent. Above that came the Hutchinson, afterwards
called the Liscomb lot, equal in acres. In 1742 the heirs,
Abigail Gillam, Widow Abigail Taylor, and Brattle Oliver,
of Boston, conveyed both lots to Capt. Samuel Jordan,
Rishworth, his son, and Joseph Poak, of Scarboro’. Poak
took one-half as his part of the purchase, on which he
afterwards resided; hence it acquired the name of Poak’s
Right.

The strip of land between Nason’s Hill and Davis’ Brook
—a small stream running through the village—was claimed
in 1718 by John Hobbs, of Boston, grandson of Christopher,
who purchased it of Maj. Phillips in 1673, and for many
years it was the property of Col. John Tyng, of Tyngsboro’,
Mass.

It will thus be seen that titles north of Clarke’s Brook
were derived from Phillips, while those south of it, after
1659, were in the main obtained from the town. In 173
it is stated there were upwards of twenty families living
north of Clarke’s Brook.

By this time there were no further apprehensions of In-
dian troubles, and the settlement began to assume a char-
acter of permanent prosperity. Capt. Thomas Bradbury,
the commander of the block-house during the war, removed
to Biddeford after its termination, having purchased a tract
of land above the Falls, of which the estate of Dominicus
Cutts formed a part. He built a house with a garrison at
that place, and a saw-mill on the brook, but removed a few
years after to Buxton. Mr. Jacob Bradbury, his brother,
settled in Biddeford about the same time. They came from
Salisbury, Mass. Mr. Christopher Bradbury, who was of
a different branch of the same family, settled in York, and
removed to this town in 1740. Capt. Jonathan Bean, of
York (son of Capt. Lewis Bean), succeeded Capt. Brad-
bury in the command of the block-house. His son was
likewise lieutenant of the company stationed there.

The establishment continued to be kept up till 1759,
when the soldiers were disbanded, and the cannon, of which
there were several small pieces, were transferred to Castle
William, in Boston harbor. The block-house was not de-
signed for the defense of the inhabitants, but as a store-
house for supplying the Indians with goods at a fair price
in time of peace; it was, however, used for the former pur-
pose. The principal building was inclosed by a strong
picket-wall with flankers, leaving sufficient space within the
inclosure for a house to contain the stores and for a paradee
ground. No remains of the building are now visible,
although part of the foundation was standing in 1830.
This was the famous “ truck-house” on Saco River, of which
Rev. Ammi R. Cutter, of North Yarmouth, had charge in
1743. There is in the town records a copy of a note from
him to the town clerk, informing him of an estray, dated
“ Biddeford, Dec. 3, 1743,” written probably from the
truck-house. He was succeeded by Capt. Daniel Smith, of
Biddeford. The predecessor of Rev. Mr. Cutter in the
office was undoubtedly Thomas Smith, father of the famous
parson, Rev. Thomas Smith, of Portland. We find in the
memoir of Rev. Mr. Smith the following: “ His father
died at Saco, Feb. 19, 1742. He was engaged there as
Indian agent, or truckmaster, and had been for many years
196 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

in the service of the government in connection with Indian
affairs in the State.”

Tn 1750 the settlement on the western side of the Falls
(Biddeford) appears to have become the most considerable
in the town. Three saw-mills were in operation at that
time, viz., Gooch’s, Cole’s, and the Lower Mill, so called,
which gave employment to many persons who were settled
in the vicinity. A ferry had been established several years
before just below the present lower bridges. It was kept
on the Biddeford side by Elisha Allen, who traded and
entertained travelers in a small one-story house. He after-
wards built at the same place the house subsequently occu-
pied by Capt. Samuel White, where he (Allen) lived till
the close of the Revolutionary war. He purchased a tract
of land in this section, beginning at the Ripples and ex-
tending “one hundred and thirty-seven poles upon the
southeast and northwest line, taking in all the coves upon
the tide-river and so to low-water mark,” and “to run four
miles in length southwest to the bounds of the patent,”
of Eliakim Hutchinson, Esq., of Boston, heir of William
Hutchinson, to whom it was conveyed by Maj. Phillips in
1673. Allen bought the tract for £1200, and immediately
conveyed forty-five rods on the southeast side to Thomas
Gilpatrick, Jr., and the same extent next above to Benja-
min Nason.* Allen conveyed the remainder of his pur-
chase several years later to Col. John Tyng, merchant of
Boston, afterwards of Tyngsboro’, Mass., who retained the
property until his death in 1797.

A few rods above Allen lived Joshua Warren, and above
him Benjamin Hooper, Esq., who subsequently built the
house where Capt. Samuel Emery lived. William Dyer
and Obed Emery were situated on the opposite side of the
road, where Jeremiah Hill, Esq., a son-in-law of Mr. Emery,
subsequently resided. Hooper and Emery were from Ber-
wick, and settled in town about 1740. In the vicinity of
the “ Mill Brow” were William Cole, son of Samuel Cole,
the original proprietor of the Cole mill; John Gray, a son
of Robert, and Theophilus Smith, son of Capt. Daniel
Smith, who were the principal millmen. Mr. William Cole
died in 1754, at the age of thirty-six, leaving four sons and
one daughter, viz., William, Jeremiah, Olive, Benjamin, and
Nathaniel. The daughter married Lemuel Foss in 1761.

Mr. John Gray possessed a valuable estate in the vicinity
of the Falls. He married a daughter of Matthew Patten
in 1743. The house in which he resided stood near the
Mill Brow. He built another for his son-in-law, Mr.
David King (brother of Richard King, Esq., of Scar-
borough) at the place called “ King’s Corners,’ a short dis-
tance above the upper meeting-house. Robert Gray had
two other sons, James and Robert. The latter purchased
the interest of James Clark, in the vicinity of the lower
meeting-house, where he afterwards lived.

A stone fort built by Maj. Converse in the summer

 

* It thus appears that the land sold by Phillips to Hobbs (1673),
which was bounded northwest by Davis’ Brook, was situated in some
other part of the patent, and that the brook so called by the Phillips
heirs (1718) was not the same mentioned in the deed to Hobbs. The
latter seems to have been the brook now called Dungeon Creek, near
which Deacon Wingate lived, who bought out one of the Hobbs heirs,
—Elizabeth Vinning, of Salem.

 

of 1693, while Sir William Phips was Governor of Mas-
sachusetts, stood on the grounds of the present Water-
Power Machine-Shops. It was made very strong, and
afforded great security to the settlers. Remains of it were
still there and were removed or graded down when the Saco
Water-Power Company erected their shops in 1840.
Maj. Hooke and Capt. Hill had charge of the erection
of this fortification. Soldiers were stationed here under
Capt. George Turfrey and Lieut. Pendleton Fletcher. In
1695 two soldiers belonging to the fort fell into the
hands of the Indians, and Sergt. Haley, venturing too
far from the fort in the latter part of the summer,
was captured. The next year five soldiers lost their lives
in the neighborhood at the hands of the cunning and
watchful savages. In 1697, Lieut. Fletcher, his two sons,
and three soldiers went upon Cow Island to procure fire-
wood for the use of the garrison. While the soldiers were
cutting it, the lieutenant and his sons started down the
river to shoot water-fowl. The Indians, ever on the watch,
took advantage of their unguarded condition and captured
the whole party.

Forces were kept in this stone fort till 1708, when the
General Court ordered their removal to Winter Harbor,
where a new fort was built on the extremity of the point
at the entrance to the Pool. Three hundred pounds were
appropriated for the object, and Maj. Joseph Hammond
and Capt. Lewis Bean were appointed to carry the order
into effect. In 1710, £100 were granted by the court
towards the completion of the fortification, which was
called Fort Mary. The remains of Fort Mary are still
visible on the point which is called Fort Hill.

SURFACE AND SOIL.

The surface of the town is rather broken and hilly, con-
siderable portions of it are rocky, and consequently unpro-
ductive; yet, where the land admits of it, good farms are
found, and much care and pains are taken in their cultiva-
tion. The labor, enterprise, and economy necessary to make
the soil yield a comfortable subsistence are well understood
by the farmers of this town, who are well up to the times in
their knowledge of fertilizers and their mode of husbandry.
Corn and hay are the leading crops, but other grains, vege-
tables, and the more hardy fruits are raised in sufficient
quantities for domestic use.

Several granite quarries have been opened in the numer-
ous ledges that abound, which yield an excellent quality of
building stone, and the enterprising owners work them with
advantage and profit, shipping them chiefly by water to dis-
tant markets. Good clay is also found, from which a fine
quality of brick is manufactured. Nearly all the edifices of
this material in the city were built of brick made in the im-
mediate neighborhood.

ROADS, BRIDGES, AND RAILROADS.

As the first planters settled near the sea-board, the readiest
mode of communication between the different settlements was
by water ; therefore, for many years, the only road was along
the shore, the great highway from Portland to Boston being
by the beach, and by ferries and fords across the streams. The
Massachusetts commissioners, in 1653, gave as their reason
 

Lope Pena

JOHN, great-grandfather of Leonard, with his
brothers, James and Elisha, born in London, Eng-
land, settled in Berwick prior to 1740, where he mar-

ried and reared a family of children. He cut three
ship-masts in Berwick, sent them to England, and
gave them in exchange for a bell, which, having
brought to this country, he placed on the meeting-
house on Blackberry Hill, in Berwick. This is said
to have been the first bell hung in the Territory of
Massachusetts Bay, now Maine.

His son, Stephen, lived in Berwick; was a farmer;
was in the Continental Army, and was in the battle
of Bunker Hill. He died about 1834, aged eighty.

James E. Andrews, father of Leonard, and son of
Stephen, born Feb. 21, 1780, married, in 1803,
Ruth, daughter of Joseph Hubbard, son of John
Hubbard, of Berwick. She was born in 1780; was
a member of the Baptist Church for over seventy
years, having united with the Blackberry Hill Bap-
tist Church, in Berwick, which was organized about
1768. She had forty-five living descendants at the
time of her death. She retained in a remarkable
degree the activity of body and mind in her old age,
and died at the residence of her son, in Biddeford, at
the age of ninety-three. James E, Andrews was by
trade a ship-carpenter, and carried on farming. For
many years he worked at his trade in Western
Massachusetts ; afterwards removed to Lyman, where
he died September, 1856.

Leonard Andrews, youngest of three sons and three
daughters of James E. and Ruth (Hubbard) Andrews,
was born in Parsonsfield, Jan. 19, 1822. When he
was six years old the family removed from Parsons-
field to Saco, and afterwards, in 1836, settled in Bidde-
ford, where he has spent the remainder of his life.
His early educational advantages were limited. At

 

Photo. by E. H. McKenney, Biddeford.

the age of seventeen he went to Lowell, Mass., and
there learned the trade of a bricklayer. After two
years he returned to Biddeford, where he began busi-
ness for himself. Many of the brick structures in
the city have been erected by him, and nearly all the
masonry work on the Grand Trunk Railroad from
Portland to the Connecticut River was done under
his supervision, in partnership with his brothers,
Ira and James. In 1856 he was engaged in build-
ing up Back Cove, in Portland harbor, quarrying
his stone on Hog Island, and superintended the build-
ing of Fort Gorges, in Portland harbor, in 1861-62.
As a stone contractor he built the wharves of
Fort McLeary and Fort Constitution, at Ports-
mouth, N. H., in 1863. Since that time he has
done the mason work for the Bangor and Piscataqua
Railroad.

Since his early manhood Mr, Andrews has taken
an interest in local and State polities. Originally a
Democrat, he became a Republican upon the organi-
zation of that party.

Tn 1855 he was a member of the State Legislature,
and obtained the charter for the city of Biddeford.
In 1861 he was a member of the State Senate, serv-
ing on the committees on banking, elections, and
reform schools, having served on the judiciary com-
mittee while a member of the House. He was known
as aready, pleasant speaker. In 1860 he was a mem-
ber of the national convention, held at Chicago, that
placed in nomination Abraham Lincoln and Hanni-
bal Hamlin.

He married, June 14, 1845, Sarah, daughter of
Elias and Ruth (Roberts) Wakefield, of Lyman.
They have two children living,—Ora, wife of How-
ama of Saco, and Pitt Andrews, of Bidde-

ord.
JAMES ANDREWS,

second son of James E. and Ruth
(Hubbard) Andrews, was born in
Parsonsfield Oct. 19, 1818. His
brothers are: Ira, James, and Hon.
Leonard Andrews, of Biddeford.
His sisters are: Lucy, wife of Thomas
Murphy; Eliza, wife of Captain
Thomas Boardman, who resided at
Ipswich, Mass., and was lost at sea;
Mary, wife of Joseph Hovey, of Ips-
wich, Mass.

As early as seven years of age
James Andrews went into the busy
world to carve out a fortune for him-
self. At the age of fourteen he be-
gan a three-years’ apprenticeship
with the firm of Toppan & Cutler,
brick-layers and masons of Saco, and
subsequently worked at his trade for
several years in Portland and Lowell
asa journeyman. In 1840 he mar-
ried Mary, daughter of Captain
Thomas Ellis, formerly of the British
army. His children are: Hon.
James Melville Andrews, ex-State
senator, Willett, Solon, and Mary
Elizabeth, wife of Albert K. Cleaves,
of Biddeford.

Following his marriage, for three
years he was employed in the Saco
Cotton Mills; and from 1843 to 1850
he followed his trade, among others,
building the Methodist Episcopal
church edifice in 1847, and the High
School building, in Biddeford, in
1848. For fourteen years following

 

iy

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c
Et
ZION

RESIDENGE OF JAMES ANDREWS,

155 HILL ST., BIDDEFORD, MAINE.

il

|

 

1850, he was engaged in Portland,
where he built one and one-half miles
of wall along the sea, making Com-
mercial Street, and rebuilding the
masonry work of the Grand Trunk
Railway.

In 1866 he furnished the stone, as
contractor, for the piers of the bridge
across the Merrimac River at New-
buryport, and from 1868 to 1874,
under contract from General J. G.
Foster, he built the sea walls on Ga-
loup Island and Long Island, in
Boston Harbor, since which time
until 1879 he has been engaged in
contracts for submarine work on the
Piscataqua, Merrimac, Penobscot,
and Back Rivers.

Mr. Andrews has spent a life of
activity and business; yet amid all
his cares, he has found time to do
his part in local matters, and is a
promoter of all worthy enterprises.

He was formerly a member of the
Whig party, and readily joined the
Republican party upon its organiza-
tion. For three years he was alder-
man, and in 1857 was mayor of the
city of Biddeford. He was one of
the incorporators of the City Bank
(now the First National), and for
many years a director.

Both he and his wife are members
of the Methodist Episcopal Church,
and liberal supporters of church and
kindred interests. For sketch of
his ancestors, see notice of Hon.
Leonard Andrews.

 

iil

 
CITY OF BIDDEFORD. 197

 

for not coming to Saco to receive the submission of the in-
habitants, that it was on account of the deficiency of roads.
By order of the court, in 1673, convenient ways from Saco
Falls to Sayward’s Mills, and from Saco Falls to Scarborough,
were required to be made forthwith. Messrs. Page and
Gibbon were appointed by the town to lay out the upper
way to Dunstan, and Maj. Phillips to mark out the way to
Henry Sayward’s Mills. For the accommodation of trav-
elers a ferry was regularly kept, called the Lower Ferry ;
afterwards a ferry was established at the Falls. The first
ferryman was Henry Waddock, who was so licensed in
1654, and perhaps earlier. He was allowed to charge 2d.
for every one set across the river. He also kept an ordinary
for the entertainment of strangers. He was the licensed
ferryman till his death, in 1673. Thomas Haley succeeded
him, and was required to provide a boat sufficient to carry
over three horses ata time. Humphrey Scamman purchased
the Waddock property in 1679, took charge of the ferry,
and entertained travelers. He died in 1727. He has nu-
merous descendants residing in the town. Small streams were
forded, and the point of crossing was called a wading-place.

As the town became settled, convenient and suitable roads
were ordered and laid out from time to time. Inhabitants
began to cluster about the Falls, finding attraction in the
employment given at the mills erected there, and the busi-
ness growing out of the lumbering interest that, from quite
a large section, found a shipping outlet here. Bridges to
connect the two villages growing upon both sides of the
river were built; the course of travel took a more northern
and direct route; the ferries fell into disuse, and the old
sea-shore roads were forsaken. The first bridge leading
from this town to Saco was built by Col. Thomas Cutts,
Deacon Amos Chase, Thomas Gilpatrick, Jr.,and Benjamin
Nason, in 1767. It bridged the west branch of the river
to Indian Island, and was made a toll-bridge by act of Gen-
eral Court in 1768. Col. Cutts bought out Chase and
Nason, after which it came to be called Cutts’ Bridge.
Previous to this a bridge had been erected by lottery, con-
necting the island with Saco side, and a ferry completed the
passage of the western branch till this bridge was built. It
was owned by Col. Tyng, who strenuously opposed the
building of the bridge. The freshet of 1785 swept away
the bridge, but another took its place, built by the enter-
prising colonel, and occupied nearly the same place where
the western free bridge now stands. With the modern
modes of travel this town is well supplied. A line of steam-
boats connects this place and Boston during the summer, and
the Portland, Saco and Portsmouth Railroad traverses the
town, crossing the river a few rods above the Falls, accom-
modating the city well with traveling and shipping facilities.
The extension of the Boston and Maine Railroad, now in
progress of construction, will much enlarge the facilities al-
ready enjoyed, while there is in contemplation an additional
road from Kittery to this place, south of those previously
mentioned, which, if completed, will make a direct and
shortened route to Boston.

SHIP-BUILDING.

This, at an early time, was a leading enterprise. The
registered tonnage in the district in 1820 was 1188 tons,

 

including 248 temporary; enrolled, 2059 ; licensed, under
20 tons, 116. In 1829 the registered tonnage was 2009
tons, 81 temporary ; enrolled, 2250 tons; licensed, under
20,112 tons. The average tonnage built yearly for the
ten years from 1819 to 1829 was about 650 tons. The
greatest amount built in any one year of that period was
1679 tons in 1825.

During the war of 1812 the British destroyed some ship-
ping at the mouth of the river. A British man-of-war,
commanded by Capt. David Millne, anchored east of Stage
Island, from which a party was sent to destroy ships on the
stocks at Capt. Thomas Cutts’ ship-yard at the Neck. The
hull of a new ship, 265 tons burden, valued at $8000, was
burnt; another on the stocks, 540 tons, was cut to pieces,
which, with loss of timber, was valued at $7000; and a
third taken. away, which Capt. Cutts afterwards ransomed
for $6000: all these vessels were his property. His store
was entered and: plundered of $2000 worth of goods. A
small schooner and a sloop of 50 or 60 tons, belonging to
Cape Cod, were likewise burnt. Capt. Cutts sought to save
the destruction of his property by negotiating for its value,
but the British captain would accept no terms.

Privateers were fitted out during the war of the Revolu-
tion, but none of them accomplished much by way of taking
prizes. The ‘Thrasher,’ under command of Capt. Ben-
jamin Cole, made two or three cruises. Elisha Ayer built
a cutter for Mr. Gray, of Salem, and she was manned here
for her first cruise; and Col. Morrill and Dr. Fairchild
fitted out others at various times.

Capt. Philip Goldthwaite, inspector of this fort under
the provincial government, was the only person in town
who opposed the war for independence, and he at its com-
mencement put himself under the protection of the British
government.

FIRST POST-OFFICE.

The first post-office established in town was in 1789.
Benjamin Hooper was appointed postmaster. Joseph
Barnard carried the mail on the route, at first on horseback,
and afterwards ina light wagon. His successor was Josiah
Paine, of Portland, who introduced into this part of the
country coaches drawn by four horses. Mr. Hooper re-
signed the office in 1798, and his son Daniel succeeded
him, who, in 1800, was succeeded by William P. Hooper.
The office was kept at Hooper’s public-house till 1802,
when it was removed to Cutts’ Island, and in 1807 to Saco
village. John Cleaves was postmaster by appointment in
1810.

POPULATION.

The population of Biddeford by the first census, 1790,
was 1018; in 1800, 1296; in 1810, 1563; in 1820,
1768; in 1850, 6095 ; in 1860, 9350; in 1870, 10,285.

INCORPORATION AS A CITY.

In 1855 an act of incorporation was granted by the
Legislature constituting Biddeford a city.

At the first charter election Daniel Somes was chosen
mayor, and held the office one year. His successors have
been James Andress, 1857 ; Cyrus Gorham, 1858-59; J.
Tuck, who died before the expiration of his term, which
198 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

was filled by Esreff H. Banks; Seth S. Fairfield, 1861-62 ;
John Q. Adams, 1863-64; Charles Shaw, 1865-66; Fer-
guson Haines, 1867-68; James R. Clark, 1869; E. W.
Wedewood, 1870-71; Francis G. Warren, 1872; James
H. McMullan, 1873; Francis G. Warren, 1874-75 ; John
H. Burnham, 1876; “Alfred Pierce, 1877; Charles M.
Moses, 1878; James A. Strout, 1879.

The city clerks have been Levi Loring, Jr., 1855-58;
Frederick D. Edgerly, 1858-60; George H. Knowlton, to
Dec. 5,1860; Frederick D. Edgerly, Dec. 5, 1860, to May,
1870;* John A. Staples, 1870-73; Cyrus P. Berry,
1873-75; Samuel Tripp, 1875-77; Cyrus P. Berry,
1877-79 ; Frank W. Roberts, 1879.

The judges of the Municipal Court have been Edward
E. Bourne, Jr., 1855; William Berry, 1856; Abel H.
Jelleson, 1864; Samuel W. Luques, 1876-80.

PROFESSIONAL MEN.
LAWYERS.

James Sullivan was born in Berwick, in 1744, and came
to Biddeford about 1769, and opened an office. He was
the first regular attorney that had settled on the river. He
soon rose into favor and acquired an extensive practice, but
in 1774 litigation ceased and his occupation for the time
being was gone. Having become early in life accustomed
to the use of the axe, saw, shovel, and plow, he could handle
them if necessity required equal, if not superior, to most
men. In 1772 the town of Limerick was located, in which
he had a share, and the proprietors named it in honor of
the town in Ireland from which his father emigrated. As
nothing better offered, he would take his axe, week’s pro-
vision, blanket, frock, and trowsers, and with other settlers
go to Limerick and commence felling trees to bring his land
there into a state of cultivation. Saturday evenings he
would return, black and begrimed, but cheerful as the sun-
niest. The business of the county soon revived, and he
found better fields for the use of his talents. He repre-
sented this town in the Provincial Congress, in session from
Oct. 7, 1774, to July 19,1775. He removed to Massachu-
setts in 1778, and occupied official stations till the close of
his life in 1808. He was a member of the Legislature,
commissary of troops, judge of the Supreme Court, attor-
ney-general, commissioner of the United States, and Gov-
ernor of Massachusetts, in which position he died during
his second term. He also wrote a history of Maine, which
is much quoted by succeeding historians. ;

Mr. Sullivan’s successor in the practice of law was Hon.
George Thacher, who was born at Yarmouth, Mass., April
12, 1754, graduated at Harvard in 1776, studied law with
8S. Bourne, entered first upon practice in York about 1780 or
1781, but in 1782 removed to this town, succeeding James
Sullivan. He was well and thoroughly read in his profes-
sion, and immediately entered upon an extended practice.
He became highly popular and successful as an advocate,
attending the courts in all the counties in the district. In
1788 he was elected by the Massachusetts Legislature a
delegate to Congress, and afterwards was successively
elected by the people till 1801, when he resigned his seat

 

* Diod May 25, 1870.

 

and was appointed associate justice of the Supreme Judicial
Court of Massachusetts, a position he retained till 1824,
when he resigned and came back to this town to spend his
days, which were ended April 6th of the same year. As
an advocate he was acute and apt; as a legislative debater
full of irony and satire, but abundant in useful information
and sound argument; as a judge just, faithful, upright, in-
dependent, and firm ; as a friend genial, kind, and benevo-
lent. Unostentatious, his humble, one-storied house stood
about a mile west of the Falls, ornamented only by a few
beautiful fir-trees, and yet here the President of the nation
and foreign noblemen have partaken of his hospitality with-
out the attendance of pomp, parade, or fashion. He
married, in 1784, Sarah, daughter of Samuel Phillips
Savage, of Weston, Mass. His children were five sons and
an equal number of daughters.

The next attorney in Biddeford was George Stacy, who
came about 1789, and getting but little professional busi-
ness, remained only two or three years.

The next attorney was the Hon. Prentiss Mellen, who
was born in Sterling, Mass., Oct. 11, 1764, graduated at
Harvard, 1784, and commenced practice in Biddeford,
1792. From 1804 to 1820 he practiced extensively in
every county in the State. He removed from town to
Portland, in 1806. In 1808-9 he was chosen member
of Executive Council of Massachusetts; in 1816 presi-
dential elector at large. In 1817, while holding office of
councilor, he was chosen senator to Congress from Massachu-
setts. When Maine was organized as a State, in 1820, he
was appointed chief justice of the Supreme Court, which
position he held till 1834, when he resigned. He died
1840.

Samuel Hubbard took the office of Judge Mellen in
1806, and practiced in town till 1810. He was born in
Boston in 1785, and graduated at Yale in 1802. He re-
turned to Boston from this town, and became judge of the
Supreme Court of Massachusetts from 1842 till his death,
Dec. 24, 1847.

Hon. Wm. P. Preble resided a short time here as the
successor of Mr. Hubbard.

Other advocates have followed whose forensic abilities
are acknowledged in the halls of legislation and courts of
justice.

EARLY PHYSICIANS.

The first physician reported to have settled in town was
Dr. Lyman, formerly of York, who was here a short time
during the ministry of Mr. Willard.

The next was Dr. Donald Cummings, a native of Scot-
land, who obtained quite a celebrity in this section. He
came in the spring of 1755, and resided for a few months
on the Saco side, but in December of the same year he
married Mrs. Elizabeth, widow of William Cole, and re-
moved to this side of the river west of the Falls soon after.
He acquired a great reputation for skill, and practiced ex-
tensively in this and neighboring towns. His manners were
prepossessing, his habits social ; and possessing cheerfulness
and a great fund of anecdotes, good nature and friendly feel-
ing accompanied him wherever he went. On his return
late one night from Winter Harbor, he was thrown from
his horse on the shore of the Pool, where his lifeless body
Photo. by E. H. McKenney, Biddeford.

 

Stueon P. McKenney was born in the town of
Limington, June 7, 1816. His father, Humphrey,
born in the same town in 1780, died there at the
age of eighty-one, and his grandfather, Humphrey,
was one of the first settlers of the town. His
mother was Eunice Robinson; survived her hus-
band, and died June 7, 1878, aged ninety-two years
and six months.

He has one brother, Freeman, a resident of Lim-
ington, for several years a selectman, and an ex-
representative of the Legislature, and an only sister,
Eunice, wife of the late James Heard, of Oxford
Co., Me.

Mr. McKenney received a liberal English and
classical education in early life, and from the age of
sixteen to twenty-six was a teacher for several
terms. During this time he fitted for college, and
took one year’s college course. Concluding not to
take a full course in college, in 1842 he entered the
law-office of Caleb R. Ayer, of Cornish, and, after
the regular course of study, was admitted to the
bar of York County in May, 1845. He was in
practice in Turner, Me., from December, 1845,
until 1851, and came to Biddeford, where he has
since resided, and a part of the time has been en-
gaged in the practice of the law.

Mr. McKenney has been considerably connected
with municipal matters since he became a resident
of Biddeford. He was a member of the Common
Council in 1858, of the board of aldermen in 1858,

 

 

city solicitor in 1858-59, in 1863-64 chairman of
the board of assessors, treasurer of the city in 1863,
and treasurer and collector in 1865. During the
latter year, by virtue of his office, he issued one
hundred thousand dollars in bonds, thereby creating
the war debt of Biddeford, a part of which remains
unpaid in 1879. Mr. McKenney was again city
solicitor and a member of the city government in
1874-75.

Along with Zopher R. Folsom, Benjamin F. Day,
and John Tuck, he was appointed by the mayor, in
May, 1876, to make a new valuation of property in
the city, and in 1879 he was again elected a member
and chairman of the board of assessors.

He has taken a somewhat active and influential
part in local polities, and as a member of the Demo-
cratie party unswervingly supported the Union
cause in the late Rebellion, and in all his official re-
lations he is known to the citizens of Biddeford as
possessing integrity, sound judgment, frankness, and
resolution to complete whatever he undertakes. In
1871 he associated with him as partner his nephew,
Carlos Heard (McKenney & Heard), and has since
carried on the hardware business. Mr. Heard was
elected to the State Legislature in the fall of 1879.

He married, in July, 1850, Octavia, daughter of
Flanders Newbegin, of Biddeford. Of this union
have been born six children,—Frank P. (deceased),
Ellen (deceased), Carrie B., Carlos H., Simeon P.,
Jr., and Frank L.
CITY OF BIDDEFORD. 199

 

was found on the morning of April 2,1774. He left three
sons,—James, Donald, and Nathaniel.

Before the death of Dr. Cummings, Dr. Abiathar Alden
came to Biddeford about 1765, but being a strong Tory he
soon lost what little practice he had acquired. Dr. John
Jackson, also about the same time, resided here a short period.
Dr. Aaron Porter settled in 1773, and secured an extensive
practice, which he retained till his removal to Portland in
1810.

BIDDEFORD POOL.

The Pool, a beautiful expanse of water, in the south-
eastern part of the town, and connected with the ocean by
a narrow strait near the mouth of the Saco, has recently so
attracted the attention of pleasure-seekers to its superior
advantages as a summer resort, that a pretty little village
of hotels and boarding-houses has sprung up to accommo-
date the watering season. Its distance from the city and
railroad station is about nine miles.

ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY.

The first minister of whom we have mention as resident
in this section was Rev. Richard Gibson, who lived at Spur-
wink previous to 1636. In that year he appears on the court
record as a party to a suit, and in 1640 he had two actions
in the same court. The Rev. Robert Jordan came from the
west of England, it is thought, in the summer of 1640;
married the daughter and only child of Mr. John Winter,
the early trader of Richmond Island, and upon his death, in
1648, administered upon his estate. It is supposed these
two clergymen performed religious services in the early
settlements of that day, and that Biddeford, or Saco as then
called, shared in them. The Rev. Thomas Jenner, a non-
conformist, was preaching here in 1641. He remained
about two years, and by some is thought to have been the
first Puritan preacher in Maine. In 1652, George Barlow,
a follower of Rev. Mr. Wheelwright, so annoyed the good
townsmen by the exercise of his gift as a preacher that he
was complained of, and the Massachusetts commissioners
forbade him under a penalty of £10 to any more publicly
preach or prophesy. When the town came under the juris-
diction of Massachusetts in 1653, they were destitute of a
minister, and the Commissioners’ Court, held at Wells,
ordered that Robert Booth, one of the principal inhabi-
tants, “have liberty to exercise his gifts for the edification
of the people there.” Under this order he officiated as
religious teacher several years, the town voting a small
stipend yearly, or the people making voluntary contribu-
tions towards his support. His education was superior to
that of many of his townsmen, and during his lifetime he
filled many useful offices in the gift of the people. The
first minister of whom record is preserved was Rev. Seth
Fletcher. The town employed him in 1666, and as far as
records speak, he continued as town minister by engage-
ment from year to year till 1675, when the Indians nearly
destroyed the settlement. The Rev. William Millburne
preached a few years about 1685, and in the following year
a parsonage was ordered built for his use. His salary was
to be paid in beef at 14d. per pound, pork 23d., wheat 4s.
6d., Indian corn 3s., butter 5d. per pound, boards 18s. per
thousand, and red-oak staves 16s. Indian hostilities were

 

renewed in 1688, and neither town nor ecclesiastical records
were kept till about 1717.

When the town was reorganized in 1717 the Rev. Matthew
Short, a graduate of Harvard in 1707, was preaching and
acted as chaplain at Fort Mary. The returned settlers were
so poor that the court was petitioned in 1722 “to allow
£40, as it had been pleased to for some time, for the support
of their minister.” Mr. Short remained in town several
years, and had a grant of 40 acres laid out to him in 1721.
In 1723 the Rev. John Eveleth, then preaching at Arundel,
was engaged to preach half the time at Winter Harbor, and
voted £26 by the town for his services. This arrangement
continued till 1726. Rev. Marston Cabot, a graduate of
Harvard in 1724, came into town in 1727, but declined to
settle, though offered £80 per annum and board; and if he
chose to alter his condition and keep house, the town
promised to build him a convenient parsonage and give
him 100 acres of land; or give him £110 and he provide
for himself. He remained about two years, boarding with
Capt. Samuel Jordan, who was paid £35 per year for his
board. The Rev. John Moody was employed to preach in
1729 and invited to settle ; but he declined ‘“ by reason he
was too young, and wanted further acquaintance of learn-
ing at some college.”

FIRST CONGREGATIONAL CHURCH.

The first Congregational Church was formed by council
April 30, 1730, and consisted of 13 members, as follows:
John Gray, Samuel Jordan, Humphrey Scamman, Ebenc-
zer Hill, John Sharpe, Pendleton Fletcher, Benjamin
Haley, Thomas Gilpatrick, Samuel Hinckley, Benjamin
Hilton, John Tarr, Robert Whipple, and Mark Shepherd,
and Mr. Samuel Willard was ordained Sept. 30,1730. His
ministry was short, but full of fruit. He was very devout,
zealous, and active as a minister and Christian. He died
suddenly of a throat disorder in October, 1741, while on a
visit to Mr. Rogers’ church in Eliot. During Mr. Wil-
lard’s pastorate 63 persons were admitted to the church,—
24 males and 39 females. The names of the males were
Samuel Scamman, Nathan Whitney, Robert Edgecomb,
Rishworth Jordan, Benjamin Hill, John Smith, John
Smith, Andrew Stackpole, Abiel Hill, Daniel Smith, Ben-
jamin Nichols, John Treworgy, James Clarke, Samuel
Scamman, Jr., Wyatt Moore, Moses Wadlin, Thomas Em-
ery, Nathaniel Whitney, Jr., John Stackpole, Jr., John
Murch, Joseph Gordon, Edward Chapman, Magnus Ridlon,
and Ephraim Stimpson. Mr. Willard was a great-grandson
of Maj. Simon Willard, one of the earliest settlers of Con-
cord, Mass., and famous in the annals of that colony. His
son Samuel was eminent as a divine, and for several years
was acting president of Harvard. John, son of Samuel,
and father of the minister of the town, was a collegiate,
but settled at Kingston, W. I., as a merchant, where his
son Samuel was born in 1705. He was educated under
the care of his uncle, Josiah Willard, of Boston, and gradu-
ated at Harvard, 1723. He married Abigail, daughter of
Samuel Wright, of Rutland, Mass., soon after his ordina-
tion, by whom he had five children, two of whom became
eminent divines, one of them president of Harvard.

Early in 1742, Mr. Moses Morrill was engaged to occupy
200 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

the pulpit. He was from Salisbury, Mass., had graduated
with the honors of Harvard quite young, as he was scarce
twenty when he came into town. He received a call to
settle, and was ordained Sept. 29, 1742. The ministry
of Mr. Morrill was a happy, useful, and peaceful one of
thirty-five years. His health began ‘to decline in autumn
of 1777, and he died in February, 1778, aged fifty-six.

The town, upon the settlement of Mr. Morrill, purchased
for a parsonage the house and land owned by Mr. Henry
Pendexter. It stood about midway between the lower
meeting-house and the Falls. During Mr. Morrill’s pastor-
ate great religious excitement prevailed in New England
as the result of Mr. Whitfield’s preaching. Some of the
clergy favored and others opposed his labors. Mr. Morrill
recognized him as a co-laborer, and invited him to preach
for him, which he did several times. The Rev. Nathaniel
Webster was employed as a candidate towards the close of
1778, and was ordained as Mr. Morrill’s successor, April
14,1779. His salary, as voted by the town, was £75, to
be paid in produce, as follows: 45 bushels corn, @ 4s.; 4
bushels rye, @ 5s.; 400 pounds pork, @ 5d.; 50 pounds
wool, @ 1s. 8d.; 50 pounds flax, @ 8d.; 100 pounds
butter, @ 8d.; 4046 pounds beef, @ 20s. per hundred-
weight ; 1 quintal fish, 21s.; 2 tons good English hay, @
£3. About this time the parish was divided.

An act of incorporation was obtained by the first parish
in 1798, and Mr. Webster was invited to continue his pas-
torate, which he consented to do. In 1825, Rev. Jonathan
Ward, Jr., was engaged as a colleague, and ordained Octo-
ber 26th of the same year, but he died early the next year.
A temporary arrangement was effected with Rev. D. D.
Tappan. In January, 1828, Rev. Christopher Marsh was
ordained, and received a united support from members of
both parishes, preaching alternately in the two churches.
After his settlement, Mr. Webster withdrew as senior pas-
tor from ministerial labors in which he had been so use-
fully engaged in this town, and went to reside with his son
in Portland, where he died, March 8, 1830, aged eighty-one.
He was born in Kingston, N. H., and graduated at Harvard,
1769. He was a cheerful, benevolent man, and through
his social virtues attached himself very much to his people.
Mr. Marsh was dismissed Oct. 5, 1831, and his successor,
Stephen Merrill, installed 25th, the same month. He was
dismissed April 10, 1839, and James Carruthers employed
as stated supply from 1839 to 1840; John Shepard, from
1840 to 1841; John Gunnison, from June, 1841, to Sep-
tember ; Charles Peabody, ordained Dee. 8, 1841, and dis-
missed May 16, 1843; Wm. Davenport, from April 30,
1844, to July 22, 1846; Joshua 8. Gay, from Aug. 22,
1846, to 1847; Samuel S. Drake, from August, 1847;
was installed pastor June 16, 1848, dismissed Oct. 30,
1850; Levi Loring, stated supply from July 9, 1851, to
May 27, 1856; Charles Peabody, from April 1, 1857, to
May 1, 1866; Nathaniel Richardson supplied from March
1, 1867, and E. M. Corey, a licentiate, began a ministry as
stated supply in 1870.

The church was supplied by Mr. Corey and others till
June 1, 1878, when Rev. Henry C. Freeman was settled,
and is the present pastor.

Ebenezer Hill and Benjamin Haley were the first dea-

 

cous. Deacon Haley died at Cape Breton, 1745, and Simon
Wingate was chosen in his place. In 1749, Moses Wadlin
was chosen in place of Deacon Hill, and in 1754 John
Stackpole, Jr., in place of Deacon Wadlin.

When the first meeting-house was built in town is un-
known, but quite early. Church Point is alluded to in the
boundary of an estate at Winter Harbor in 1642, from
which it may be inferred a church stood there. But the
services at that early period were of the Episcopal or Church
of England order. A Congregational meeting-house was
built at Winter Harbor between 1660 and 1666, and the
people seated in it according to rank or seniority. In 1719
the selectmen were empowered, by vote of the town, to ex-
change common land with Benjamin Haley for a lot for a
meeting-house and burying-place, and engaged him to build
the house 35 by 30 feet. It was not finished till a few
years after. The burying-ground was adjacent to it on the
upper side, where the old graves are now seen. In 1759
the lower meeting-house was finished by master-builder
Nathaniel Perkins. It was built by subscription of the
inhabitants. The committee to superintend its construc-
tion were Rishworth Jordan, Joseph Tarbox, Joseph Dyer,
Benjamin Hooper, and Jeremiah Hill. It was used by the
society about eighty years. It was remodeled and trans-
formed into a modern edifice, and dedicated Sept. 4, 1840.
This church is situated three miles south of the city.
Clerk, John R. Staples; Deacons, George Clark, Marcus
Staples. Membership, 77.

SECOND CONGREGATIONAL CHURCH.

Biddeford was separated into two parishes in 1797, and
a new meeting-house was built about the same time. In
March, 1805, a council was assembled, a church was organ-
ized, and the Rev. John Turner installed as pastor in No-
vember following. About 1817 the civil agreement between
him and the parish ceased, and he supplied other places.
When he was installed at Kingston, N. H., in December,
1818, his pastoral relation with the Biddeford Church was
dissolved. In 1823, Rev. Thomas Tracy, from Cambridge,
came to town and preached a few Sabbaths with so much
acceptance to the people of the society that he received and
accepted a call for five years. He was ordained Jan. 14,
1824, and remained its pastor till Nov. 21, 1827, when,
upon the formation of the Second Parish in Saco, he trans-
ferred his pastoral care toa church there. His successor
was Christopher Marsh, installed May 7, 1828, and dis-
missed Aug. 16, 1832. Stephen Morse followed by ordi-
nation Sept. 25, 1833, and remained till July 29, 1835.
The Rev. Henry A. Merrill commenced as stated supply
August, 1837, and continued to March, 1840. Caleb Kim-
ball succeeded him from August, 1840, to August, 1842.
Thomas N. Lord from Aug. 7, 1842, two years, as stated
supply; installed as pastor Oct. 9, 1844; dismissed July 9,
1851. L.8. Parker was employed from 1851 to 1852 as
stated supply, and Samuel M. Gould was ordained Jan. 6,
1853, dismissed March 4, 1857. Charles Packard began as
stated supply Oct. 31, 1857, installed pastor June 30, 1858,
and continued till his death, Feb. 17, 1864. His successor,
James M. Palmer, was installed Dec. 27,1864, and remained
till 1867, when ill health compelled him to resign, and he was
CITY OF BIDDEFORD. 201

 

followed, March 5, 1868, by Rev. John D. Emerson, who
remained till 1876.
1, 1876, and dismissed in June, 1879. The present mem-
bership is 280. Sunday-school, 258. This is a flourishing
church, with the largest membership of any in the Confer-
ence. Its members, by last report, were 250. It has an
attractive house of worship, which is being extensively re-
paired and beautified. The first house of worship was
built about 1797; repaired or rebuilt and dedicated Aug.
11, 1841.
PAVILION CHURCH.

The Pavilion Congregational Church was organized Oct.
20, 1857, and Rev. Samuel M. Gould became its pastor
from date of organization to Aug. 15,1858. He was suc-
ceeded by Charles Tenney, installed Dec. 2, 1858, and dis-
missed May 22,1871. Rev. Edward Chase was installed
Dec. 20, 1877, and is the present pastor. Membership,

161. Deacons, James G. Garland, Simon M. Blake; |

Elders, Charles Handy, J. H. Burnham.

METHODISL EPISCOPAL CHURCH.

Saco and Biddeford, from their proximity, were in early
times closely united in municipal as well as religious affairs,
and hence, when Methodism was first introduced to Saco,
its sister across the river shared a like privilege, and those
professing its doctrines joined the church in Saco, and so
remained until June, 1847, when the membership on this
side were set off by the Annual Conference and constituted
a separate society. Their numbers were about 20 males
and 50 females. Class organization had existed here for
several years before. The first Conference preacher stationed
here and his successors are as follows: 1847-48, W. F.
Farington ; 1849-50, H. M. Blake; 1851-52, William
McDonald; 1853-54, OC. F. Allen; 1855-56, B. Foster ;
1857-58, H. M. Blake; 1859-60, H. B. Abbott ; 1861,
D. B. Randall; 1862-63, P. E. Brown ; 1864-65, C. W.
Morse; 1866-68, J. McMillan ; 1869-71, 8. F. Weather-
bee; 1872-74, A. S. Ladd; 1875, J. K. Day; 1876-77,
G. F. Cobb ; 1878-79, D. W. Le Lacheur.

The following are the church officials: Recording Stew-
ard, Joseph Fairfield ; Stewards, Simon 8. Andrews, Horace
Ford, C. H. Mitchell, Israel Emons, Joseph W. Fairfield,
George N. Ward, John Murphy, Oscar F. Drew, C. H.
Roberts; Chairman of Trustees, Horace Ford and Stephen
Locke; Class-Leaders, J. B. Ricker, Edwin Woodburn,
Levi G. Hanson, Willet G. Andrews, Leonard Rumery, in
place of W. K. Fogg, deceased, Daniel Bragdon, Mark
Bryant; Local Preachers, Frank C. Allen, C. F. Parsons,
Leonard Rumery.

Immediately after the organization of the society, in 1847,
a brick meeting-house, capable of seating about 400, was
commenced on Alfred Street, and in forty-seven days after
the first brick was laid the house was dedicated, “ for the
people had a mind to work.” In April, 1869, the first
church, being somewhat out of repair, and too small for the
growing society, was sold, and measures were taken to build
a new house on a new location, and upon a larger scale.
Ground was broken July 4, 1870, and December follow-
ing the outside was finished, and the vestries, with a seating
capacity for 500, so far completed as to be opened for wor-

26

George R. Merrill was installed Sept.

 

ship, and Aug. 31, 1871, the church was dedicated. It is
a neat and attractive edifice, 96 by 62 feet, has four vestries
or class-rooms on the ground floor, and a cellar, 7 feet in
depth, under the whole. It also possesses a fine bell and
organ. Its seating room will accommodate 800. The value
of house and lot is estimated at $22,000. Present mem-
bership, 425.

The small meeting-house at South Biddeford was built
about 1836, and constituted a Conference appointment be-
fore the church at the city was formed. A revival was
experienced, and the society strengthened by additions, and
the attendance and support of the class previously formed
at Oak Ridge. During the labors of Rev. A. Turner upon
the charge, in 1852, an increased interest was awakened at
Oak Ridge through some lectures he delivered there, and
in 1853 it separated from them and became a district station,
leaving the South Biddeford society too weak to maintain
preaching continuously. This appointment now is connected
with Biddeford, and supplied by the preacher in charge there.

The Methodist Church at Oak Ridge started from an
interest awakened in 1834 by the preaching of a local
preacher, from Saco or Biddeford, in the school-house. A
revival resulted, and a class of 8 or 9 members was formed,
with Luther Benson as leader. Occasional preaching was
had during the next two years, and in 1836 a revival at
South Biddeford, and the erection of a small meeting-house
there, drew the attention and attendance of the class to that
point, where they worshiped till about 1852, when Rev.
A. Turner went to Oak Ridge, and lectured in the school-
house. A revival followed ; the class separated from South
Biddeford charge, built the meeting-house in 1853, since
which, for most of the time, preaching has been sustained
there. The first preacher was Rev. Francis Masseure, a
supernumerary, in 1854. In 1856-57 preaching was sup-
plied by a local preacher named Ham. For 1859 Mr. De
Woolfe supplied; Rev. C. Hatch, 1860; no preaching in
1861; Rev. Mr. Jebson in 1862; R. H. Stinchfield, six
months of 1863; Alva Cook, local preacher, 1864; J.
Sanborn, local preacher, 1865; Jesse Stone, 1866; J. San-
born, 1867; George Hoit, 1868 and 69; and Rev. Isaac
Lord, 1870 and ‘71. The parsonage was purchased in
1864, which, with meeting-house, is estimated at $1600.

The small Methodist Episcopal church on the Hollis road
was built about 1834, and dedicated in the winter of that
year. Fora number of years it was attached to a circuit,
and supplied by preachers from Conference, and at one time
had a fair membership, but of late years the society has be-
come weakened by death and removals, so that at present
there is no preaching there, and it has lost its place in the
Conference reports. :

FIRST BAPTIST CHURCH.

The First Baptist Church was organized July 16, 1852,
at the house of Samuel Pillsbury, No. 4 Spruce Street.
There were present sixteen persons, who united to form the
new church, namely, twelve members from the Saco Church,
two from Cornish, and two from Great Falls, N. H. The
names of the male members were Samuel Pillsbury, ©. J.
Wedgwood, Samuel Knapp, and William Cummings. Their
first pastor was Rev, Austin Robbins, from August, 1852,
202 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

to August, 1853. He was succeeded by Rev. John Hub-
bard, Jr., from November, 1853, to April, 1859. Rev. C.
F. Foster succeeded from July, 1859, to 1861. The sec-
ond pastorate of Rev. J. Hubbard, Jr., commenced Octo-
ber, 1861, and continued till closed by his very sudden and
unexpected death, May 20,1870. Rev. A. L. Lane began
his labors Sept. 2, 1870, and continued till Aug. 13, 1875,
during which time large additions were made to the church.
Sixty-five were added during the pastorate of his successor,
Rev. William C. Barrows, from Nov. 19, 1875, to Oct. 30,
1878. Rev. 8. P. Merrill, present pastor, was ordained Jan.
31, 1879. :

There have been 507 persons members of this church
since its organization, of whom 227 remain at the present
time. Deacon Pillsbury has remained clerk since the
organization in 1852. Samuel Pillsbury and William Cum-
mings were the first chosen deacons, Aug. 20, 1852. Mr.
Cummings removed to Waterborough in 1860, and died in
the army in 1864, H. P. Emery was chosen deacon, April
23,1860, and removed to Wells in the fall of 1861. Dea-
con Pillsbury still officiates. OC. J. Wedgwood, chosen
Oct. 5, 1858, J. G. Cummings, Jan. 11, 1869, and Domin-
icus Ricker, chosen Jan. 1, 1872.

The church at first met in Beethoven Hall, and then in
Central Hall, both being included in a building standing on
the site now occupied by the City Block. The house of
worship was dedicated Sept. 12,1855; sermon by Rev.
G. W. Bosworth, pastor of Free Street Church, Portland.

The two pastorates of Rev. Mr. Hubbard embraced a
period of nearly fifteen years, and were eminently blessed
tothe church. To his faithful labors the church is largely
indebted for its growth and prosperity. His funeral sermon
was preached by Rev. H. Worth, of Kennebunk, from the
very appropriate text, ‘He being dead, yet speaketh.”
His memory and influence will long remain as a valuable
legacy to the church and community. During his ministry
in 1855, 27 persons were baptized into the fellowship of
the church, and in 1858 there were 53 baptized, the largest
number admitted in any one year since the formation of the
church. This church, though one of the youngest in the
Association, has been so highly favored that it now reports
the largest membership of any one in it.

FREE BAPTIST CHURCH.

The Jefferson Street Free Baptist Church in Biddeford
was organized Feb. 6, 1851. The original members were
Rey. J. L. Sinclair, Olive E. Sinclair, Joseph Tarbox, Henry
H. McKenny, Olive McKenny, Simon M. Blake, Rhoda O.
Blake, Daniel J. Meeds, and Hlizabeth W. Pease. Jan. 30,
1853, Mr. Sinclair resigned as pastor, and was soon after
succeeded by Rev. Arthur Caverno, who remained pastor
of the church till Nov. 6,1855. During the five years the
church increased in membership both by baptism and letter,
so that the whole number of members was not far from
125. The. names of subsequent pastors, and their term of
service, are as follows: Revs. Wm. P. Merrill, three years;
A. B. Bradbury, two years; 8. Bathrick, one year; John
Stevens, three years; W. H. Yeoman, two years; James
Boyd, five years; J. Malvern, two years; N. L. Ramell,
two years; H. J. White, three years; J. J. Hall, one year.

 

The church now numbers 319 members, of whom 185
are resident members. The names of officers are J. J.
Hall, Pastor; Dan. J. Meeds, Freedom Parcher, Timothy
Elliott, Lewis L. Hill, Deacons; Chas. L. Witham, Stephen
Smith, James Gooch, Samuel F. Gibbetts, Alexander C.
Record, Official Board; L. W. Stone, Clerk.

In connection with this church is a society composed not
only of church members, but of all persons of good moral
character who are willing to aid in the promotion of the
cause of Christ.

This society was organized in 1850, during which year
it purchased the present house of worship of the Second
Congregational Society in this city. The land was given to
the society by the Saco Water-Power Company, to be used
for a place of worship. The house was moved upon the
lot and extensively repaired. During the year 1868 the
house was thoroughly repaired, inside and out, and enlarged
by an addition of 15 feet to the length, and newly seated
throughout with circular pews.

The present officers are T. P. 8. Dearing, President ;
A. L. Ayer, Vice-President; Fred. D. Wood, Clerk; J. L.
Small, Treasurer; Stephen Smith, Collector; D. J. Meeds,
W. R. Littlefield, Wellington Bean, Assessors; Joseph
Gooch, Freedom Parcher, 8. F. Smith, Prudential Com-
mittee.

The organ in this church was presented to the society by
William H. Thompson, in 1863. He also furnished the
piping and gas-fixtures throughout, by which it is lighted,
in 1868.

ST. MARY'S CATHOLIC CHURCH.

As manufacturing commenced developing and putting to
practical uses the very excellent water-power existing here,
operatives were in demand, and the supply was largely filled
by those of the Catholic faith. To minister to their wants
and religious sympathies priests were sent to them, and exer-
cises in the Catholic form of worship were commenced. The
successful cultivation of this field resulted in the erection,
in 1855, of a neat brick building on Vetromile Street for
worship. Father Kinney was active in this work, and to
him must be awarded the credit of completing the erection
of the church. His successors have been Rev. Fathers
Bacon, Vetromile, Bartley, and the present incumbent, Rev.
Father John Brady. Father Brady was ordained in Port-
land in 1855, and came from Houlton to Biddeford and
took charge of St. Mary’s, April 1, 1870. The parish
numbers about 2000 families.

Many of the operatives in the factories are French Cana-
dians, whose language has not yet been fully Anglicized.
To meet their religious wants the St. Joseph Catholic
Church was constituted about 1869, when the building for-
merly used by the Methodists, on Alfred Street, was pur-
chased for their use. They have since erected an elegant
brick church at a cost of about $60,000, which is not yet
finished, but services are held in the basement.

CHRIST CHURCH.

Christ Church (Episcopal) was organized Aug. 7, 1869.
The names of the incorporators were James H. McMul-
lan, John M. Pevey, John Leigh, James Goddard, George
Scott, William M. Scott, Samuel Hurst, Joseph Morley,
CITY OF BIDDEFORD. 203

 

Esau Wells, John Dickinson, Joseph Stopford, Robert
McKnight, John Garside, Edwin Bardsley, Wright Bards-
ley, J. Cephas Hepworth, Daniel Nield, William Bardsley,
Henry Hilton, James Hilton, Joseph Henry, William H.
Heney, John Marland, Thomas Heney, Thomas Bardsley,
Samuel Harrison, Charles Beaumont, Geo. Walker, Henry
Wylie, Robert Campbell, Aaron Kay. The first wardens
chosen were James H. McMullan and Samuel Harrison.
Vestrymen, John M. Pevey, William Bardsley, John
Garside, James Read, J. Cephas Hepworth, John Leigh,
Aaron Kay. The first wardens continued to be re-elected
till April 6, 1874, when John Garside and James Read
were chosen. Since 1875 James Read and John Leigh
have been annually chosen, and are the present wardens.
The present vestrymen are Cephas Hepworth, John Dean,
Wright Bardsley, Aaron Kay, Robert McKnight, William
M. Scott, and William Bardsley ; the latter being also clerk
and treasurer.

At its organization this church had a membership of 50.
First and present rector, Rev. William J. Alger. Present
number of communicants, 50. This society has a church
edifice not yet completed.

UNIVERSALIST CHURCH.

The First Universalist Society of Saco’ and Biddeford
was formed in April, 1827, and consisted of 31 members.
Rev. Jacob Wood was pastor one year. The society was
reorganized and incorporated Feb. 21, 1842 ; the following
are the names attached to the petition: Jeremiah H. Curtis,
Elisha Perkins, Thomas 8. Chick, Stephen Webster, Geo.
W. Nichols, John Cobb, Rufus M. Lord, Mark Watson,
Elliot R. Bowdoin, Timothy R. Staples, John Pike, Eli
Smith, Israel Clifford, Jr., Joseph Gilpatrick, M. W. Beck,
David Buckminster, Joseph Holmes, J. B. Motley, Clement
Webster, E. J. Cleaves, Joseph Stevens, Benjamin Dunn,
E. B. Knight, Robert Lincoln. Joseph Gilpatrick, Clerk ;
Israel Clifford, Jr., Treasurer.

On the 22d of September, 1842, 78 members united
with the society, —63 males and 24 females. The first church
built by the society was in Saco, and was sold in 1859 to
the Free- Will Baptists. In 1867 the society erected their
present fine church on City Square in Biddeford, at a cost
for the building alone of $14,220.39. The lot, organ, and
other items make the present value of the property not less
than $18,000.

The pastors of this society have been Rev. Jacob Wood,
Rev. George W. Quinby, Rev. G. Bailey, Rev. Mr. Bun-
ker, Rev. G. G. Strickland, Rev. 8. 8. Fletcher, Rev. Mr.
Record, Rev. Mr. McAllister, Rev. H. J. Weaver, Rev. C.
E. Tucker, Rev. B. H. Davis, and Rev. Henry A. Wales,
the present pastor. Present trustees: Charles H. Milliken,
A. A. Mason, Frank Foss, C. H. Bragdon, Jeremiah Moore.
R. G. Milliken, Clerk.

During the year 1870 a free church was opened at the
Pool, upon which occasion Dr. Post, of St. Louis, preached
in the morning, and Dr. Packard, of Lawrence, in the
evening.

There is in existence a flourishing Free-will Baptist So-
ciety, but statistics necessary to its history were not ob-

 

tained. Its pastor, in 1869, was John Malcomb; in 1871,
J. Boyd; and the register for 1872 reports a membership
of 196; its deacon, Freedom Parcher.

The church edifices in the village portion of the city are
deserving of mention. A stranger notices them at once.
Few cities in New England of its size can show so many

neat and attractive places of worship. Seating capacity,
9400.
SCHOOLS.

The first schoolmaster recorded to have been employed
by the town was John Frost, in 1730. In 1735 a vote
was passed to continue Mr. Isaac Thompson schoolmaster.
After this the records are silent as to instructors. At the
present day much time and money are expended in educa-
tion, and the schools of this city will bear a favorable com-
parison with any of its sisters in the State. The following
school statistics have been arranged from the last report of
the State superintendent: -Whole number of districts, 12 ;
parts of districts, 2; number of graded districts, 1 ; number
of school-houses, 21; estimated value, $40,000; number
between ages of 4 and 21, 3475 ; average attendance, 1190;
amount of school money expended from April 1, 1877, to
April 1, 1878, $16,838 ; amount available from town tax,
$12,605 ; from State tax, $5537 ; local funds, $153 ; total,
$18,295 ; balance unexpended, $1457.

GRADED SCHOOLS.

The graded schools of the city number as follows: First
primary, 10; second primary, 6; intermediate, 5; gram-
mar, 2; high school, 1. In these schools 30 teachers are
employed, at an aggregate salary of $12,680.

The high school building, on Washington Street, was
erected in 1848. The high school opened June 4, 1849 ;
William K. Vaill, Principal. On that day 23 pupils were
present; 1 was added July 26th, and another August 4th.
In 1852 the number was 70; in 1853, 93; in 1855, 88;
in 1858, 84. The following is the number reported for
the year ending Jan. 1, 1879: Whole number registered,
113; fall term, 79; average, 77; winter, 79; average, 75.

The principals of this school have been: William K.
Vaill, June 4, 1849, to Nov. 5, 1849; Horace Piper, Nov.
5, 1849, to Sept. 5, 1859 ; Edward A. Rand, Sept. 5, 1859,
to June 28, 1861; C. P. Parsons, Nov. 15, 1861, to Nov.
21, 1862; Frank A. Hill, Dec. 1, 1862, to May 27, 1864;
Edward Parker, Jr., Sept. 3, 1864, to Feb. 3, 1871; J. W.
Keene, February, 1871, to Oct. 14, 1871; M. R. Chase,
spring, 1872, to June, 1874; A. S. Keyes, Aug. 31, 1874,
to June, 1878; Wendall O. Fletcher, September, 1878,

-and present principal of the school.

The Summer Street grammar school is under the charge
of Thomas H. Emery, principal, and Charles Walker, as-
sistant. Of the grammar school on Spruce Street, Royal
E. Gould is principal, and Miss Lizzie Knights assistant.

The assistants in the high school are Miss Augusta Bur-
bank and Miss Olive Moulton.

A monument was erected by the teachers and pupils of
the Biddeford high school to the memory of Miss Nancy
M. Shaw, of Portland, who died Dec. 14, 1855, aged
twenty-seven years, and who had been for nearly five years
a respected teacher in the school.
204 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

We extract the following from the report of the principal
of the high school for the year ending Jan. 1, 1879:

“T found a good school, willing to work, and knowing
how to work. A fact which encourages both school-offieers
and teachers. I found excellent assistants in Miss Augusta
Burbank and Miss Olive Moulton, whose long connection
with the school is sufficient proof of their appreciation by
scholars and patrons. Hach year increases their value to
the school.

“The library, under the charge of Cornelius Horigan, is
appreciated and industriously used. In this age of many
books and learned discussion, a part of one’s education con-
sists in his ability to find information.

“ Our books of reference show that our pupils are learn-
ing how to refer and are using the material obtained.

“The ‘New American Cyclopedia,’ with index, was
added the past year. Hon. E. H. Banks donated to the
library volume 2, ‘Documentary History of Maine.’ There
is no better place to put money or books than into the high
school library. We should like to see upon the shelves a
few books upon the popular sciences (so called) and recent
works upon education, to keep abreast of the times.

“Our cabinet of woods, shells, and geological specimens
is valuable for illustration, and pupils are encouraged to add
to it, and to examine the specimens, whether they are pur-
suing the sciences or not.

“Attendance and tardiness take care of themselves,
because the pupils feel that their school work is of prime
importance. Even sickness does not diminish their enthu-
siasm. The same interest diminishes the need of discipline.
These facts leave the teachers free to devote their whole
time and energy to the work of instruction. Why should
it be otherwise? We do not expect a Utopia of ideal per-
fection, but we know that a high school is for ladies and
gentlemen, and the highest type of these characters is hon-
esty and manliness. These show themselves in considering
the teacher as a leader and director.

“The world does not lack for persons or numbers, but
character is always at a premium. The school-room tests
young ladies and gentlemen.

‘Tt also furnishes recruits for business life.
reliable will always be wanted and chosen.

“The efficiency of any school depends very much upon
its classification and standard of admission.

“These must be constantly guarded, to prevent any
weakening. A little flaw here may seriously affect the
whole structure: For the teacher’s time spent upon un-
qualified pupils, or with insufficient appliances, is often un-
profitable to the whole school.

“The nine ladies and three gentlemen who graduated in
city hall last June took the prescribed course of study.

“The ladies the classical, the gentlemen the college pre-
paratory course.”’

The most

BANKS OF BIDDEFORD.
THE FIRST NATIONAL BANK OF BIDDEFORD
was incorporated Feb. 14, 1856, as the City Bank, and was
organized May 3,1856. The original capital was $50,000,
increased in 1858 to $75,000, and since to $100,000.
The corporators were Daniel E. Somes, S. P. McKenney,

 

S. L. Hooper, E. H. C. Hooper, Leonard Andrews, Ira
Andrews, David Fales, Joshua Moore, Joseph Hobson, Jr.,
I. T. Hobson, George Clark, Elias Harmon, Charles H.
Milliken, D. 8. Hooper, John Gains, William Berry, Charles
Hill, William H. Thompson, Daniel Stimpson, Marshall
Pierce, John M. Goodwin, Luke Hill, James Andrews,
Charles C. Sawyer.

The following have been the presidents: Daniel E. Somes,
1856-58; Charles C. Sawyer, 1858-72; Thomas H. Cole,
1873-79 ; Esreff H. Banks, 1879.

Cashiers—Albert Stephenson, 1856; Shadrach A.
Boothby, 1857-67 ; George E. Small, 1867-69; Charles
A. Moody, 1869 to the present time (1880).

Directors.—D. HE. Somes, 1856-58 ; Charles C. Sawyer,
1856-72; Thomas H. Cole, 1856-79 ; Samuel W. Luques,
1856-79; James Andrews, 1856-64; Luke Hill, 1856-
64; Daniel Stimpson, 1856-61; John M. Goodwin, 1856;
Wm. H. Thompson, 1856; Marshall Pierce, 1858-72; E.
H. Banks, 1861-79; Leonard Andrews, 1864-71; Fred.
A. Day, 1868-76; James H. McMullan, 1872-79 ; James
Sawyer, 1872-79; Simon Newcomb, 1872-79.

YORK COUNTY SAVINGS BANK,

connected with the First National Bank of Biddeford, was
chartered March 9, 1860, John M. Goodwin, President ;
S. A. Boothby, Treasurer. The treasurers since have been
George E. Small, 1866, till his death, in June, 1869 ; since
then R. H. Ingersoll, present treasurer. Present trustees :
John M. Goodwin, HE. H. Banks, Horace Ford, Abel H.
Jelleson, Z. R. Folsom.

BIDDEFORD NATIONAL BANK.

The Biddeford Bank, now Biddeford National Bank,
was incorporated July 26, 1847, and organized Nov. 13,
1847, with a capital of $100,000, which was increased,
October, 1848, to $150,000. The additional powers of a
savings bank were granted June 19, 1849, and the act ac-
cepted Sept. 8, 1849; which powers were used until the
bank became a national bank, when a charter for the
savings bank was obtained from the Legislature in Feb-
ruary, 1867. The presidents have been Wm. P. Haines,
1847, until his death, July 2, 1879; Luther Bryant, July,
1879. The cashiers have been Seth S. Fairfield, 1847,
until July, 1863; Richard M. Chapman, 1863-74; Chas.
K. Goodwin since 1874. The directors have been, 1847—
79, Wm. P. Haines; 1847-49, Samuel Bradley ; 1847-
51, Otis Holmes; 1847, Rishworth Jordan, Jr.; 1847-51,
Jarvis Williams; 1847-52, Thomas G. Thornton, Jr.;
1847-71, Thomas Quinby; 1848-79, Geo. H. Adams ;
1849-61, Augustine Haines; 1851-63 and 1876-79,
Richard M. Chapman; 1851-58, Jabez Smith ; 1852-54,
James Smith, Jr.; 1854-61, Jonathan Tuck ; 1858-79,
Joshua Moore; 1861-76, Nathan O. Kendall; 1861-79,
Hugh Wallace; 1864-66, James G. Garland ; 1867-68,
Ferguson Haines; 1868-71, James R. Clark; 1879, Lu-
ther Bryant; 1879, Rishworth Jordan. Of the original
stockholders were Jonathan Chapman, Abbot Lawrence,
Marshall P. Wilder, 200 shares each ; Merchants’ Insurance
Company, 100; Joseph Balch, 49; Levi Small, 30; Saco
and Biddeford Savings Institution, Samuel Bradley, Wil-
 

Photo. by E. H. McKenney,

Hoy. Esrerr H. Banks (James,’ Joseph,’
Joseph,‘ Samuel,* Joseph,’ Richard') is a lineal de-
scendant in the seventh generation from Richard
Banks, who came to Scituate, Mass., from Kent Co.,
England, in 1640, where he registered as a freeman ;
thence to York, Me., where he married Elizabeth,
daughter of John Alcock of that town. He died
in 1692, leaving four sons, John, Samuel, Job, and
Joseph. The latter, born in 1667, died in 1774,
married Elizabeth, only daughter of John and Eliza-
beth (Cumming) Harmon, Feb. 28, 1694; lived in
York ; and by his marriage acquired the large prop-
erty of Capt. Richard Boynton. Of his eight chil-
dren, Samuel, second son, born June 25, 1697,
bought land at Old Orchard in 1722; married Sarah,
daughter of Stephen and Sarah (Clark) Webster, of
Newbury, Mass., who was born in December, 1701.
His son, Joseph, born Oct. 19, 1729, married Han-
nah Stackpole. His son, Capt. Joseph, grandfather
of Esreff H. Banks, born in 1760 and died in 1844,
married Olive Cole; she was born in 1764, and died
in 1844. Capt. Banks followed the sea, and for
many years sailed from Saco to the West Indies.
He was a man of great muscular powers, of strong
constitution, and possessed a good intellect. He
was the first settler of the family in Buxton, where
he resided until 1826, and removed to Searsmont,
Me., where he died, at the residence of his daughter,
in 1844, His wife died about the same time.

James, his son, born at Old Orchard in 1789,
married Ruth Merrill, of Buxton, in 1815. He
raised acompany and went out as lieutenant in the
war of 1812-14, and was in the battle of Plattsburgh,
N. Y. After the war, he settled in Hollis as a
trader ; soon after removed to Salmon Falls, in Bux-
ton, where he engaged in the lumber business. He
died Dec. 14, 1828. His wife died in August,
1850, aged fifty-six.

Their children are: Clara, wife of Joseph Merrill,

 

|

of Hollis, died in 1850, aged thirty-one; Esreff H. ;
Adeline, born in 1824, died in 1845; Eliza Ann,
born June 2, 1829, married Charles Heath, of
Conway, N. H. She died Jan. 3, 1877.

Esretf H. Banks was born in the town of Buxton
May 26, 1821. At the age of seventeen he went
West and remained there about six years, returning
in the fall of 1843, and again taking up his residence
in Buxton. In 1845 he entered the store of the
late Deacon J. M. Hayes, on Factory Island, Saco,
where he remained two and one-half years.

At the end of that time he commenced business
in Biddeford, with E. H. C. Hooper, under the firm-
name of Hooper & Banks. In 1856 he purchased
the interest of Mr. Hooper and carried on the busi-
ness alone until 1874. At the organization of the
first city government of Biddeford, he was chosen a
councilman. In 1856 he was chosen representative
to the Legislature, and re-elected in 1857; was
elected mayor of Biddeford, in 1860, to fill the
vacancy caused by the death of Hon. Jonathan
Tuck; was appointed draft-commissioner for York
County by the Governor in 1863. In 1863 he was
elected senator from York County, and re-elected in
1864. Was one of the electors for President in 1868.
In 1874 he was elected county treasurer of York
County, and was re-elected in 1875, and also in
1876, resiyning the last office to assume that of State
treasurer, to which he was elected by the Legislature,
Jan. 8, 1877. He has been one of the trustees of
the York County Savings Bank for ten years, and
for several years one of the investing committee.
He has been a director of the First National Bank
of Biddeford for some fourteen years, and president
since May, 1879.

He married, Nov. 8, 1847, Lucinda, daughter of
James Atkinson, of Hollis, Me. She was born Feb.
1, 1829. Their only daughter, Ada, died Dec. 27,
1858, aged nine years.
“portsmouth Feb’y 4th 1777.
“ Received from Eleaikam Beckford the Soume of tuenty
Shillings Lauful to Deliver to his wife by me.
“¢ Kben moore.”

Eben Moore was the grandfather of Messrs. Joshua and
William Moore of Biddeford. In February, 1770, he mar-
ried Jane Gray of this place, and they lived on the plains,
on aroad that ran from Mile Brook, near Harden Taylor’s,
westerly through what is now Greenwood Cemetery, thence
across the old Alfred road to Dodifer Townsend’s on the
Kennebunk road. Mr. Beckford (same name as Bickford
of the present day) lived not far from Mr. Moore's, and
both appear to have been in the Continental army. At the
time this receipt was given they were stationed at Ports-
mouth, in, we think, Capt. Prescott’s company. Mr.
Moore was to return home, and Mr. Beckford took the
opportunity to send the money to his wife. Isaac Bickford,
at the Pool, is a relative of the Mr. Beckford mentioned.
Peltiah Moore, a brother of ben, served in the army and
fought under Montgomery in Canada, and received a pen-
sion. Mr. Eben Moore died in 1787 or 1788, and his
widow deceased previous to the passage of the pension law.
They had six children, three boys and three girls. The
oldest son went South, and his descendants are now living
in South Carolina. The second son died young. Joshua,
the father of Joshua and William, now living in this city,
settled here. In 1812 Joshua Moore and Abram Bowden,
who married a daughter of Mr. Kben Moore, sailed for
Labrador to engage in the fishing business. While there a
British brig, sailing along the coast picking up fishermen to
press into their service, came across Mr. Moore’s schooner
and took it, with its whole crew, into Halifax. The British
fleet lay just outside. Mr. Moore and Mr. Bowden, to-
gether with some twenty or thirty others who had been
captured, planned for their escape, and one dark and stormy
night, between two and three o’clock in the morning, slipped
their cables, rau out between two men-of-war and escaped.
Quite a fleet of fishermen were brought into the harbor at

 

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Photo. by E. H. McKenney, Biddeford.

this time, and Mr. Moore was there some four or six weeks.
The men were kept on their own vessels, which enabled
them the better to plan their escape. A British flect was
daily expected from the West Indies, un which these Yankee
seamen were to be placed.

One of the daughters of Eben Moore married a Mr.
Stone, of Kennebunkport, and the other married a Davis,
and settled in Canterbury, N. H.

Joshua, son of Capt. Joshua HK. and Elizabeth (Staples )
Moore, was born in Kennebunkport July 24, 1821, al-
though his parents resided in Biddeford. His minority was
spent at school and on the farm. In 1842 he began
learning the stone-cutting business in Biddeford, where he
remained until November, 1848. At this time the gold
mines of California were just beginning to attract public
attention, and thousands of men going from all parts of the
country, made the then somewhat hazardous route across the
continent or reached the Pacifie coast by the long journey
around Cape Horn. Mr. Moore was the first adventurer
from Biddeford, and sailed around the Cape. Upon
reaching California he engaged in mining, and successfully
carried on this business until 1853, when he returned to
Biddeford, where, until 1877, he remained in business as a
stone contractor, quarrying stone in the vicinity of Bidde-
ford, shipping to various ports on the Atlantic coast, and
supplying railroad corporations. He furnished largely the
stone for parts of the Boston and Maine, and Eastern rail-
ways. He has been connected with local interests in Bid-
deford; has been director of the Biddeford Bank since
1859 (now Biddeford National); trustee of the Biddeford
Savings Bank for some twenty years, and was elected its
president in July, 1879. He has held various offices of
trust in the city government as alderman, councilman, and
assessor, and in 1878 was a member of the State Legislature,
serving as a member of the committee on banking. He
married, in May, 1854, Martha M., daughter of Allen
Bryant, of Derby, Vt., who was of English descent.
Mrs. Moore was born June 24, 1821.
Se ==
SSN =
Se =

 

 
CITY OF BIDDEFORD. 205

 

liam Murch, 20 each; Otis Holmes, Th. G. Thornton,
Jr., Sarah McIntire, 10 each; William H. Hutchins, 7;
Horace Bacon, 6; Wm. P. Haines, Wm. P. Hooper, Geo.
H. Adams, Jas. B. Thornton, Th. Emery, Ichabod Jordan,
5 each; Jarvis Williams, 4; Th. Quinby, John ©. Brad-
bury, Joseph W. Leland, Cyrus Gordon, 2 each; R. M.
Chapman, T. M. Hayes, C. H. Milliken, Moses P. Church,
Willis Maton, 1 each.

BIDDEFORD SAVINGS BANK.

The officers of Biddeford Savings Bank are William
P. Haines, President, until his death, July 2, 1879;
Joshua Moore, since. Treasurers, R. M. Chapman, till
his death, July 13, 1879; O. F. Page, since. Trustees,
Joshua Moore, E. W. Staple, Edwin Stone, Carlos Heard,
Ferguson Haines.

MASONIC.

Dunlap Lodge, No. 47, at Biddeford, was chartered Jan.
13, 1826, as Buxton Lodge, at Buxton. The lodge was
by dispensation of Oct. 6, 1854, removed to Biddeford,
and in May, 1855, the name was changed to Dunlap.
Since removing to Biddeford the Masters have been: Decem-
ber, 1854-57, Fred. D. Edgerly ; 1857, Francis A. Small ;
1858, John H. Burnham; 1859-62, Thomas Quinby;
1862-63, David Fales; 1864-65, 1869, Simeon P. Mc-
Kenney; 1866, John S. Locke; 1867-68, Gilman P. Lit-
tlefield ; 1870-71, Joseph Gooch; 1872, John E. Butler ;
1873-74, Tristram Hanson; 1875-76, Edwin A. Coffin ;
1877-78, Edwin Stone.

The membership is 167.

Palestine Lodge, No. 176, in Biddeford, was chartered
May 5, 1875. The charter members were Joseph Gooch,
Gilman P. Littlefield, Lyman J. Ayer, Esroff H. Banks,
John Etchells, Charles P. Emery, James A. Strout, Thomas
F. Tarbox, Daniel J. Sanders, Thomas Haley, Robert
Bonser, Charles A. Haines, Leonard Andrews, George R.
Andrews, Robert M. Stevens, Moses P. Church, Charles
Beaumont, William A. Foss, Moses Harriman, John Wil-
son, William M. Smith, George S. Watson, Henry ©. Cole.
The Masters have been: 1875, Joseph Gooch ; 1876-77,
Charles P. Emery; 1878, James F. Boardman; 1879,
William E. Andrews.

The present membership is 82.

Bradford Commandery, No. 4, Knights Templar, at
Biddeford, was chartered May 6, 1857, at Saco, and was
removed to Biddeford in May, 1862. The charter members
were Edward P. Burnham, Timothy J. Murray, Joseph
Stevens, of Saco; John R. Tufts, James A. Stafford, of
Biddeford; D. W. Quinby, of South Berwick; Stephen
Berry, Henry Cox, William A. Pearce, Harrison B. Brown,
J. Ambrose Merrill, Franklin Fox, of Portland. The
Commanders have been: 1857-58 and 1864, Timothy J.
Murray; 1859-60, Edward P. Burnham; 1861-64, An-
drew Hobson, Jr.; 1865-68, James Sawyer; 1868-71,
Edward Parker, Jr.; 1871-72, Manton Seavey; 1873,
Gilman P. Littlefield; 1874, Robert M. Stevens; 1875-76,
John Etchell; 1877, John 8. Derby; 1878-79, Charles
P. Emery.

The orders have been conferred upon about 150 persons.

The present membership is 127.

 

ODD-FELLOWS.
There are in York County twelve lodges and seven en-
campments of the Independent Order of Odd-Fellows ; also
seven lodges of the Degree of Rebekah.

 

 

 

LODGES.
Relief
paid
Name. Members. Meetings. Funds. past year.
Saco, No. 2, at Saco, instituted

AUg. 31, 1843... cccesccene cece 226 Monday. $4,784.00 $493.60 -
Moutam, No. 26, at Kennebunk.. 125 Thursday. 1,926.74 297.25
Olive Branch, No. 28, at South

Ber with visassssccssssssseroessasasie 123 Friday. 200.00 324.28
Laconia, No. 44, at Biddeford..... 243 Wednesday. 9,76430 647.20
Granite, No. 14, at Biddeford...... 129 Thursday. 1,977.96 642.25
Eagle, No. 47, at North Berwick 76 Monday. 800.00 91.00
Echo, No. 52, at Berwick........... 95 Friday. 1,439.57 133.00
Riverside, No. 72, at Kittery...... 201 Monday. 4,193.39 436.85
Saco_ Valley, No. 43, at West ‘

Buxton ...cseccsssecsseessseoeeneoens 91 Wednesday. 1,593.66 104.00
Friendship, No. 69, at Springvale 175 Thursday. 1,099.96 452.00
Highland, No. 48, at Limerick... 39 Tuesday. 386.56 55.00
Ossipee Valley, No. 54, at Cornish 65 Monday, —eresseree 45.00

1588 $33,166.14 $3621.73
ENCAMPMENTS.
Name. Members. Meetings. Funds. Relief.
Hobah, No. 5, at Saco.......... 99 1st and 3d Fridays. $519.15 $34.00
Dirigo, No. 7, at Kittery...... 52 Ist and 3d Fridays. 160.54 26.00
Columbian, No. 10, at North

Berwick.....sccsccesceeseesee 25 2d and 4th Tuesdays. ......... 15.00
Agamenticus, No. 15, at

South Berwick............. 32 1st and 3d Saturdays. ....... 26.00
York, No. 17, at Biddeford... 104 2d and 4th Mondays. .....00 35.00
Golden Gate, No, 24, at Ber-

WACK isscenasesseassanvounsiers 38 1st and 3d Mondays. 152.97 32.00
Springvale, No. 26, at Spring

Wall Oresesscsarsecsvducscessecsee 22 1st and 3d Mondays. —..sessuee tenes

389 $832.66 $168.00

REBEKAH LODGES.

Lady Franklin, No. 13, at Ber-
wick.

Prospect, No. 14, at Springvale.

Welcome, No. 17, at Cornish.

Saco, No. 2, at Saco.

livangeline, No. 7, at Biddeford.

York, No. 3, at Kittery.

Ray of Hope, No. 8, at North Ber-
wick.

—————<o>——____

BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES,

DEACON THOMAS H. COLE,

son of Captain Noah and Mary (Hooper) Cole, was born in
Biddeford, April 5, 1815. His father was a master-mari-
ner, and died at sea of yellow fever when Thomas was only
three years old. His mother, who was a devoted woman,
cared for her son and daughter as best she could, and early
learned them habits of industry, prudence, and economy.
While young, by necessity, Thomas learned self-sacrifice
and, more than that, principles of integrity and honor in all
he did. As soon as he was old enough, through the influ-
ence of kind friends, he became a clerk in the store of
Scamman & Cole, of Saco, where he was enabled not only
to support himself, but to assist his mother and sister. His
faithfulness soon won the confidence of his employers, and
he remained in this place for several years. After reach-
ing his majority he went to Texas, where he was a clerk
for some three years. In October, 1842, he married Eliza-
beth, daughter of William P. and Mary (Stone) Hooper,
of Biddeford, the former being for many years one of the
most prominent men of Biddeford. Mrs. Cole was born in
May, 1815, and survives at this writing (1879).

After his marriage Mr. Cole started in business for him-
self, on what was known as Smith's Corner, in Biddeford,
and there carried on a grocery-store until the building of
206 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

Union Block, whence he removed his business, and there
continued until about one year prior to his death, which
occurred April 6, 1879. He occupied at different times
various positions of responsibility,—was city treasurer, was
president of the First National Bank, for many years
deacon of the Second Church, and treasurer of the society
up to the time of his death. He was selectman under the
old town government, and a representative to the Legislature
in 1862. And in these and many other places of honor
and trust he showed himself above fear and beyond reproach.
Inflexible, just, and impartial, he never forgot to be a gen-
tleman, and was always courteous. What he was convinced
was right he stood by to the last, though it might be un-
popular. As he was not: hasty in his conclusions, he could
afford to abide by his convictions. He knew not how
to gloss over an uncomfortable fact. Never prolix in argu-
ment, his grasp of the truth was instinctive and tenacious.
Yet he was always willing to listen, and no one was quicker
to yield opinion to the better reason. He was most appre-
ciative of others, and his commendations were not wanting.
His presence was always pleasant, always welcome. A long
time in business where he depended on public patronage
for success, he never shut his heart or pocket to those who
in their extremity appealed to him, though their patronage
had not been given to him.

His inflexible honesty gave him a high reputation among
his associates, so that of him it was true that his word was
as good as his bond, and his bond had a gold basis.

He took a great interest in young men. He often assisted
them to his own damage,—in fact, he was ever ready by
counsel, by employing them, by signing their paper with
little or no security, and by other means, to help them, and
no small amount of his pecuniary losses, by which his last
days were disturbed, was due to this fact.

He was known as an humble Christian, and his piety
was not of the ostentatious kind. At the very beginning
of his Christian life he received a divine impulse that ever
impelled him on. A growth then commenced that never
ceased. It was of a stalwart kind. It grappled with diffi-
culties only to overcome them. Not his own doubts, if any
he had, not the unbelief of others, not all the blows aimed
at the rock on which he stood, could jar him from it. The
roots of his faith went down and were bedded in the Eter-
nal Word, and the things of the kingdom were verittes to
him as much as his daily concerns. Where others failed
his faith held on. The church was sometimes brought into
straits, but no one ever heard of his yielding to doubt.
His piety was of a sunny, cheerful, confident kind.

Mrs. Cole early in life became a member of the church,
and has remained constant in her profession for nearly half
a century.

SELEUCUS ADAMS.

The subject of this sketch is a direct descendant of the
Adamses of Quincy, Mass., two representatives of whom
have held the highest office of the government; all being
descendants of Henry Adams, a brewer by occupation, who
came from Braintree, England, in 1634, and settled in

 

Braintree, now Quincy, Mass. The family originated in
Wales more than six hundred years ago, the primitive name
being Ap Adam. Sir John Ap Adam, a distinguished
member of Parliament, was a member of the same family.

Rev. Joseph Adams, the first settled minister of the town
of Newington, N. H., was a descendant of the fourth gen-
eration from Henry Adams, and from him Seleucus Adams
is directly descended. This Rev. Joseph Adams was an
eminent clergyman of his time, and was pastor of the church
in Newington for a period of sixty-seven years. He grad-
uated at Harvard College in 1710, and was settled in the
Newington pastorate in 1715. He was an uncle to John
Adams, the second President of the United States. He
died May 26, 1784, at the age of ninety-six years. He
was one of the original proprietors of the town of Rochester,
N. H., and some of his descendants settled upon lands in
that town belonging to his estate.

Benjamin Adams, the father of Seleucus, was a Roch-
ester farmer, and one of the early settlers of that town,
and a great-grandson of Rev. Joseph Adams. He mar-
ried Elizabeth Horne, a daughter of Isaac Horne, of Dover,
but died in early life of consumption, leaving a wife and
six children,—five sons and a daughter,—viz., James, born
in 1800; he became a lawyer, went to Maine, was clerk of
the courts in Penobscot County for several years, afterwards
settled in Norridgewock, where he died in 1858. Isaac,
born in 1802, was the inventor of the printing-press known
as the Adams Press. He went to Boston in early life,
where he established himself in the manufacture of his in-
vention, and accumulated a large fortune. He is now re-
tired from active business and resides in Sandwich, N. H.
Seleucus, the third son, was born Aug. 13, 1804. Seth
was born in 1806; became associated with Isaac in the
manufacture of printing-presses and other machines ; subse-
quently sold his interest to Isaac and engaged with Seleucus
in the business of refining sugar in Boston. He accumu-
lated a large fortune, much of which he devoted to charita-
ble objects, and gave a large amount to found an asylum
near Boston. Seleucus was equal partner with him in the
extensive sugar-refinery, and had the chief business man-
agement of the establishment. Mary Ann, the sister, was
born in 1809, and remained single; she died in North
Barnstead, N. H., in 1877. Charles, the youngest of the
family, was born in 1813, went to Texas, where he served
as colonel under Gen. Houston in the Texan war, was en-
gaged largely in importing and navigation, and is now a res-
ident of Galveston, where he has been a merchant for
many years, engaged in an extensive foreign and domestic
trade.

Up to the age of sixteen Seleucus remained at home,
contributing by his labor to the support of his mother and
the younger members of the family, as, owing to the long
illness and death of his father, but little remained of the
homestead available to their use, his two older brothers,
James and Isaac, having already gone out into the world
to work and manage for themselves. At this time, upon
consultation with his mother, it was deemed best for him
to leave home and try his fortune in the world; and so,
with this in view, he tied up his worldly goods in a hand-
kerchief, and, with less than one dollar in his pocket, in
CITY OF BIDDEFORD. 207

 

the spring of 1820 bade adieu to the scene of his child-
hood, and started on foot across the country thirty-five
miles to Saco, Me., where he had an uncle, his father’s
brother, Augustus Adams, whom he hoped would assist
him in obtaining employment. In this, however, he was
disappointed ; and, after remaining in Saco a few weeks
and nothing better offering, he shipped on board a small
coasting-schooner, Capt. Thomas Farris, master, bound to
Nantucket, at which place, on their arrival, after discharging
cargo, the captain purchased another schooner, placing
Seleucus with one William Marshall, of Saco, in charge of
the same to make the return trip to Saco. While on the
way Capt. Marshall became unable to do duty, and Seleu-
cus, although left to manage the vessel alone, succeeded in
bringing her safely to Saco, her destination. He next
went to Bath with the same captain. Having an uncle
there who desired his services, he remained and worked
for him six months. Returning to Saco, he became an
apprentice to Abner Howard, a tin-plate and sheet-iron
worker, agreeing to serve him till he was twenty-one years
of age. At the expiration of his apprenticeship he went to
Portland, and engaged as a journeyman with Messrs. Wyer
& Noble, who were large stove dealers, manufacturers, and
coppersmiths, and so gained the good-will and confidence of
his employers that they proposed to furnish him with a
stock of goods and start him in business on his own ac-
count. This offer he accepted, and conducted business
very successfully one year at Bucksport. He then found,
by a visit to Saco in the fall of 1826, that it would be
advantageous to him to change his location.

Saco at that time presented a lively business aspect on
account of the erection of the first cotton-mills. Mr.
Howard had decided to remove to Portland, leaving a
favorable opening in his line of business for his successor.
Mr. Adams decided to avail himself of the opportunity, and
accordingly took the place of Mr. Howard, with whom only
two years before he had finished his apprenticeship, taking
also the cargo of goods which his Portland patrons, Messrs.
Wyer & Noble, had already on board of a vessel assigned
to Mr. Howard at Saco, the invoice being changed over to
him. This was a favorable and unexpected opportunity for
Mr. Adams, and one which he did not fail to improve.
For many years he carried on a successful business, com-
bining the stove trade with that of tinware manufacturer.

In 1836, his health becoming impaired, he sold out his
business and went West, where he soon regained his usual
vigor, and returning to Saco, in 1839, he established him-
self in mercantile business, dealing in dry goods, West
India goods, corn, and flour. This soon led to other
branches of business; and until 1848 he was extensively
engaged in shipping lumber, wood, bark, and brick, and
bringing in return corn and flour from Boston and New
York, employing in this business several of his own vessels.
During this time he built the large brick house in Saco
where he resided till 1872.

After the fire which destroyed his store and contents in
1848, he confined himself exclusively to the dry-goods
business, having two stores, one in Saco and the other in
Biddeford. In 1850 he formed an equal partnership with
his brother Seth for the purpose of refining sugar, the

 

business being carried on in the Gooch Street Sugar-House,
Boston, under the firm-name of 8. & S. Adams. Leaving
here his business in charge of his son, 8. B. Adams, he went
to Boston, and remained there about three years, when he
retired from the firm, and again took charge of his stores in
Saco and Biddeford. He continued in the business till
just previous to the war of 1861, when he closed out
here and went to Newbern, N. C., where he was largely en-
gaged in selling general merchandise, buying and shipping
naval stores and cotton, remaining there until nearly the
close of the war.

Having now been in constant business for nearly half a
century, and having, by strict integrity, industry, and per-
severance, gained an ample competency, he retired from
active business, and now resides on his farm in Biddeford,
near where the Saco River unites with the ocean, where he
has one of the finest country-seats in this vicinity.

Mr. Adams was married to Miss Olive T. Goodrich,
daughter of Simon Goodrich, of Biddeford, Nov. 1, 1829.
They have had seven children, viz., Simon B., Sarah E.,
George H., Georgianna K., Henrietta, Carrie P., Mary
Olive, who died in infaney.

The career of Mr. Adams is a remarkable illustration of
what may be accomplished by patient industry, careful and
wise management, integrity, and perseverance. He started
in life a poor boy, without education or any capital save
the fund of sound practical sense with which nature had
endowed him. His education has been obtained almost
wholly out of school, or by those means of self-study and
experience which it has been his lifelong aim and purpose
to apply. In his career through life, Mr. Adams has pre-
ferred business to politics. His first vote was cast for
Andrew Jackson for President of the United States. Since
then he has voted occasionally, when issues of more ab-
sorbing interest have arisen; but he has never sought or
desired office.

SAMUEL PEIRSON.

His grandfather, Samuel Peirson, emigrated from York-
shire, England ; settled in Philadelphia about 1699. He
belonged to the Society of Friends. He and family re-
moved to the back settlements in North Carolina, and in
the war which ended in 1763 is said to have been mur-
dered with all the family (except two children) by the
Indians.

His father, Capt. Samuel, born in Philadelphia about
1731, died at New Gloucester, Maine, July, 1791. He is
said to have commanded the first ship that made the pass-
age by way of Cape of Good Hope to China. He was sub-
sequently in business in Boston. The Boston massacre
took place very near his dwelling, and one of the wounded
soldiers fell upon his doorstep. He married Elizabeth Cox,
who was born in Boston, March, 1726, and died in Bidde-
ford, April, 1809.

His son, Samuel, subject of this notice, was born in Bos-
ton, Feb. 22, 1759, and died in Biddeford, May, 1852.
He served six months in the army of the Revolution, was
one of Gen. Washington’s private clerks, afterwards re-
208 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

sumed commercial employment, in which he was engaged
in Salem, Mass., and in Portland, Maine. About 1792 he
took up his residence in Biddeford, where he resided until
his death. He held various offices of trust, and was a
worthy and useful citizen. He was cashier of the old
Saco Bank from 1803 to 1825, and president from 1825
to 1833, director of the Manufacturers’ Bank 1826 to
1830, secretary and treasurer Saco and Biddeford Savings
Institution from 1827 to
1843, and trustee of the
same from 1827 to 1833,
secretary and _ treasurer
Mutual Fire Insurance
Company of Saco 1827
to 1838, and representa-
tive in the State Legisla-
ture in 1827. His first
wife was Sarah Page, by
whom he had four chil-
dren, who grew to matu-
rity,—Abel L., a graduate
of Harvard in 1812, anda
physician at Salem, Mass.,
from 1819 until May,
1853, when he was killed
at the Norwalk railroad
disaster ; John, lost at sea
September, 1826, was a
master-mariner ; Samuel,
died at sea; and Sarah,
widow of the late Samuel
White, of Biddeford.

His wife died in 1802.
He married for his second
wife, Nov. 10, 1803, Sarah,
daughter of Jeremiah Hill,
of Biddeford. She died
Oct. 24, 1853, aged sev-
enty-eight.

Her father was collector
of customs for the district
of Saco, 1789 to 1809,
member of the Legislature

 

for six terms, an officer in
the Revolutionary War,
and received in 1787 from
Harvard University the

 

ners, self-possessed, affable, generous, tender-hearted, and
true. An intimate of the most estimable men of his town,
all classes and all ages loved him and did him honor,—a
kind friend, a faithful husband and father, given to hos-
pitality. He wore to the last the old-fashioned small-clothes
and knee-buckles, but kept abreast with the times in activity
of thought and general information. Dissenting from the
popular theology, he joined heartily with a few of his fellow-
citizens and of Saco in
building a church upon a
pure gospel foundation, un-
fettered by human creeds.
A fearless truthfulness and
sincerity marked him in
all his words and acts. In-
teresting anecdotes might
be related of his courage,
both military and moral.
He was noted for humor
and racy wit, that gave zest
without bitterness to his
conversation. In his many
trials he was cheerfully
submissive to the good
God in whom he trusted,
and in his joys he was
devoutly thankful. To a
son at Exeter Academy
he wrote, “ First of all re-
member that God sees and
knows all your actions and
every thought of your
heart. Let strict truth
Without any equivocation
be your constant rule, and
rigid honesty in all your
dealings be your practice.
You have with you the
Bible. I recommend that
every day you read as
much as one chapter, and
that with attention, and—
a practice that I myself
have found very useful—
every night before you
sleep think over every ac-
—— tion and thought of the

 

 

honorary degree of Master
of Arts. He died in 1820.
His children by this mar-
riage were Jeremiah H.,

day past; whatever you
amiss resolve to

find
SE Povey amend in future; if any-

thing you approve, con-

 

of Biddeford; George W.,
an apothecary of Biddeford, and died in 1860; Abbie, died
in 1860; Elizabeth, wife of Samuel F. Chase, died Aug.
22, 1876, aged sixty, the mother of Judge Samuel F.
Chase, of Saco; Daniel, died in 1826; Harriet, died in
1837 ; and Thomas M., died in January, 1865.

Mr. Peirson was eminently a Christian gentleman of the
old school. He carried himself to extreme old age with
military erectness, was scrupulously courteous in his man-

tinue the practice. Ask
God’s forgiveness for the past and assistance to keep your
resolutions for doing better for the future. In the care of
the God of truth and love I leave you.” His was
“An age that melts with unperceived decay,
And glides with modest innocence away.
Whose peaceful day benevolence endeared,
Whose nights congratulating conscience cheered ;

The general favorite, as the general friend,
Such age was his; but now we mourn its end.”
 
by E, H. McKenney, Biddeford,

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Will. (Lory
CITY OF BIDDEFORD. 209

 

HON. WILLIAM BERRY,

son of John, Jr., and Sarah (Downing) Berry, was born in
Saco, Nov. 25, 1811. He was liberally educated in the
schools of his native place, was for some time a teacher, and
studied law with Moses Emery, of Saco. In 1834 he went
to Lyman and started business for himself as a grocer. In
1836, February 19th, he married Olivia, eldest daughter
of Benjamin and Clarissa (Libby) Dudley. She was born
Dec. 24,1819. Her father was in trade in Portland, sub-
sequently in Lyman for many years, and removed to Ken-
nebunkport, where he died in 1869, aged seventy-six. Soon
after his marriage Mr. Berry removed to Hollis, where he
carried on farming for about three years, and in 1840 set-
tled in Biddeford, where he remained in trade until about
1856. He was a representative in the State Legislature

from Biddeford two terms; was elected judge of the Munici- —

pal Court of the city of Biddeford in 1856,—a position
which he held for eight years, having been re-elected in
1860. He was a director in the First National Bank,
and one of the Investing Committee of the York County
Five-Cent Saving Institution. He was interested in all
matters tending to the prosperity of the city and the wel-
fare of its citizens. Being a man of strong convictions and
a strong will, Judge Berry as a politician was not calculated
to make friends of his opponents, and few men ever gained
the esteem and respect of the community to a larger extent

than he did. In the various positions of public trust which |

he occupied his sterling integrity, his sound judgment, and
his frank, outspoken, manly ways gave to all confidence who
had business or social relations with him. As a business

man he was prudent, industrious, and successful; as a.

legislator he represented the full interests of his constitu-
ency; and as a judicial officer he was careful in giving his
opinions, exact in the administration of justice, and just in
his convictions of right and wrong. He died March 18,
1868, leaving a widow, who survives in 1880. His children
living are William Franklin, general freight agent Eastern
Railway, of Boston, Mass.; John, a druggist in Biddeford;
Susan A.; and Olivia G. His children deceased are Hen-
rietta, wife of Charles D. Lincoln, who died in Florida, May
24, 1866, aged twenty-eight, leaving an only daughter,
Fannie F. Lincoln; Adaline O., died at the age of eigh-
teen, July 1, 1858; Fannie F.; and Claribelle, who died

young.

JEREMIAH GOLDSBROUGH

was born in Bradford West, county of Yorkshire, England,
March 28,1819. His father, Joseph, and his grandfather,
Jeremiah, were also natives of the same place, where they
lived and died. His mother was Nancy Butler ; his brothers
are John, Lawrence, William ; and his sisters are Mary and
Ann, who reached manhood and womanhood. Besides
himself, only his sister Mary came to America, after her
marriage, and settled in Cincinnati, Ohio, where she died in
1849, leaving no children.

Mr. Goldsbrough received limited opportunity for ob-
taining an education from books, and what he did receive

27

 

was obtained by means of the Sabbath-school and private
study while he was an apprentice.

As early as the age of seven he went to work in the
worsted mills of Bradford, where he remained seven years,
when he was apprenticed by his father to learn the tin-plate
work, and served also seven years. After working as a jour-
neyman in Liverpool for some time, and in other places, he
started business for himself in Bradford, which he continued
until 1848, when, believing that this country offered greater
inducements, he embarked for the United States, landing
in Boston, Mass., the same year in May. After visiting
Portland he came to Saco, thence to Biddeford, when he
began as a journeyman, with a capital of one dollar, but
what was of more value, good health, willing hands, and a
resolve to do something. Prior to his emigration, in 1840,
he married Hannah Lumb, daughter of Thomas Lumb, of
Bradford. In 1849 his wife came to Boston, and joined
her husband in Biddeford. In 1851 he and his wife visited
their native country, where his only daughter living, Harriet
Lumb, wife of Charles High Hill, of Biddeford, was born
in October of the same year. In 1852, Mr. Goldsbrough
and his family returned to Biddeford, where he worked as
a journeyman until 1862, and then started the tin-plate and
stove business, which he has successfully continued until
the present time. By prudence and judicious management
he has gained a competency, and ranks among the success-
ful business men of his adopted city. Mr. Goldsbrough
bas taken a deep interest in the local affairs of Biddeford
during his residence here. A Republican in politics, he has
not been much connected with office. For several years he
has served as justice of the peace, and was acting justice in
1879.

As early as eighteen years of age he became a member of
the Methodist Church, and has remained an active and in-
fluential member of that body since his residence in Bidde-
ford.

He is a member and treasurer of Palestine Lodge of F.
and A. M.; was the founder of Granite Lodge of Odd-Fel-
lows in 1864, and has reached the honorable position in the
Grand Encampment of District Deputy Grand Patriarch,
and is chairman of the board of trustees of Granite Lodge.

Mr. Goldsbrough is known to the citizens of Biddeford
as a man of strict integrity in all his business relations, un-
assuming in his ways, and of correct habits.

His wife died in 1871, and in 1872 he married Janet M.
Adams, widow of the late Thomas Emery, of Stockport,
England. She was born in Scotland, and came to this coun-
try after the death of her husband.

WILLIAM PICKERING HAINES

was the son of Stephen and Mary Pickering Haines, and
was born at Canterbury, N. H., Feb. 22, 1811. He
fitted for college at the Gilmanton Academy ; entered Dart-
mouth College in 1827, from which he graduated in 1831,
and for six months in that year taught school. In 1832 he
read law with Judge William A. Hayes and Charles N. Cogs-
well at South Berwick, and later with Governor John
Fairfield at Saco. He was a law-partner of Governor
210 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

Fairfield from 1835 to 1847, residing in Saco and practi-
cing at the York County bar. In 1847 he was a Demo-
cratic senator from York County in the Legislature of
Maine. It was this year that President Polk visited Maine,
and Mr. Haines was chairman of the Legislative committee
to receive the President. In 1847 he became agent for
the Saco Water-Power Company, and held this position till
1850. In 1850 he became agent of the Pepperell Com-
pany, then a new company just commencing business here.
The marked success of the corporation is largely due to his
business tact. This position he held for seventeen years,
and in 1866 was elected treasurer of the Pepperell and
Laconia Companies, and took up his residence temporarily
in Boston, although he did not move his family there. He
continued treasurer until 1870, when, owing to severe ill-
ness, he was obliged to return to Biddeford. From that
time until his death, July 2, 1879, he was agent for the
Pepperell and Laconia Companies.

He was ever a firm Democrat of the Jeffersonian-Jack-
sonian type, and his party delighted to honor him. He
was twice their candidate before the Legislature for United
States senator. In 1872 he was nominated for represen-
tative to Congress from the First District, running against
the Hon. John Lynch. He was a firm friend and sup-
porter of the Hon. Stephen A. Douglas, and when that
gentleman visited Maine in 1860 he was the guest of Mr.
Haines.

Mr, Haines was for many years one of the trustees of
Bowdoin College, and for several years held a similar rela-
tion to Dartmouth College. He was president of the Bid-
deford National Bank for many years. Aug. 10, 1836, he
married Harriet, daughter of Timothy Ferguson, Esq., of
South Berwick. Of the nine children who were born to
them, five died in infancy, and the rest, one son and three
daughters, survive. One of the daughters married Am-
brose Eastman, Hsq., of Boston. Mr. Haines has several
sisters living, one of whom married Judge Josiah Minot,
of Concord, N. H. The late Augustine Haines, Esq., was
his cousin.

Mr. Haines early in life united with the church, and
ever took a deep interest in whatever concerned the pros-
perity of the church, aiding by his voice and purse. In
earlier life this trait of his character was manifest, and the
old records of the Congregational Society, Saco, show that
while a resident of that city he was ready to do his share
of the church work. This spirit he brought with him to
Biddeford, and was one of the pillars of the church, which
can illy afford tolose him. He was a large-hearted, kind,
consistent Christian gentleman. Liberal in every degree,
he proved a friend in need to hundreds. He was the es-
pecial friend of the foreigner, and in his death they lost a
staunch advocate. He took a great interest in educational
matters, and lent a ready, helping hand to all enterprises
that looked towards the elevation of the community.
Among one of his latest acts was to subscribe liberally
towards the fund being raised for the York Institute, Saco,
an institution that has for its object the education of the
present and future generations. He was an able gentleman
in every sense of the term. Blessed with a fine memory,
he was thoroughly posted on all matters connected with

 

manufacturing, politics, or local history, and looked up to
by the whole community. Honored and respected by the
people, his will be a void difficult to fill.

His son, Hon. Ferguson Haines, born March 2, 1840,
prepared for college at Phillips Academy, Andover, Mass. ;
entered Dartmouth College in 1856, from which he grad-
uated in the class of ’60. After leaving college he was
in business in Portland for six years, and from 1866 to
1870 was agent for the Pepperell Manufacturing Company
in Biddeford, and mayor of the city in 1867 and 1868.
He was a member of the State Legislature for the years
1870 and 1872, and was elected city treasurer in March,

1879.

COL. JOSIAH HOBBS,

son of Jonathan, was born in Falmouth, Oct. 27, 1762;
married Polly, daughter of Floyd Patrick, March 27,1787.
She was born March 16, 1769, and died Jan. 13, 1852.
He was sergeant in the 2d Massachusetts Regiment. during
the Revolutionary war, being enlisted for three years, and
was honorably discharged at West Point, Oct. 29, 1783.
He served in the beginning of the war, and was at the
battle of Bunker Hill. Col. Hobbs, with three other non-
commissioned officers of the Continental army, petitioned
Congress, Aug. 16, 1837, by an ably-drawn article, to grant
pensions from 1825 to 1831, to those who served a long
time in the war, as many who served only a short time had
received pensions from 1818, the honorable Congress of
1832 having granted them pensions, which continued until
his decease, Oct. 29, 1849, from which time his widow
received a pension of one hundred and twenty dollars per
annum.

By invitation of the adjutant-general of Massachusetts,
on June 17, 1842, Col. Hobbs attended the anniversary
celebration of Bunker Hill, and in his diary is found a
description of the monument. He says, “ All who had
sufficient courage and strength ascended, and made such
declarations as in their opinion the occasion required.’

The Portland Argus of that date says, “A Revolu-
tionary worthy, Col. Hobbs, of Falmouth, in the vicinity
of this city, attended on Bunker Hill at the anniversary on
Friday. He ascended to the top of the monument,—two
hundred and three feet,—and is the only Revolutionary
soldier that has done so. He is now in his eighty-second
year, and was four years in the army. While on the summit
of the monument he gave the following toasts :

“Friends of freedom, swell the song ;
Young and old, the strains prolong ;

Lift your banners; let them wave
On this spot where hundreds fell their country to save!’

“As the flag was being unfurled he gave the following:

“* When Freedom, from her mountain height,
Unfurled her standard to the air,
She tore the chains of bondage off,
And set the stars of glory there!’

“His closing sentiments were, ‘The memory of those
brave heroes that fell in defense of their country’s inde-
pendence: may their fame ever be unfading, while every
 

   

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CITY OF BIDDEFORD. 211

 

-monument erected to their honor shall yield to age and
moulder in the dust.’”

The following year Col. Hobbs again attended the anni-
versary gathering in Boston of one hundred and ten vet-
erans, and listened to the masterly address of Daniel
Webster, and at the public dinner gave several toasts, one
of which we give, as follows: “ Yankee girls: exemplary
daughters, dutiful wives, faithful mothers, whose high-
toned virtues have established the exalted position of New
England.”

Col. Hobbs was appointed by the surviving soldiers of
the Revolution in Falmouth as attorney under the resolve
of the Legislature of Maine, approved March 17, 1835, to
look after their bounty claims. Col. Hobbs was appointed
lieutenant-colonel of the 1st Regiment, 2d Brigade, 12th
Division of the militia of the commonwealth of Massachu-
setts by Governor Elbridge Gerry, commission dated March
5, 1812.

Col. Hobbs was a man of good executive ability, enter-
prising, faithful, and possessed of sterling integrity. A man
of more than ordinary good judgment, he had the confi-
dence of all who knew him. He lived through the coun-
try’s great struggle with the mother-country, and to see its
recuperation from the effects of war and its growing pros-
perity, and could say truthfully, ‘‘ A part of all this I was
and am.” The old homestead settled by him in Falmouth
remains in the family in 1879, and is occupied by J. S.
Hobbs. A monument has been erected near the brick church
in Falmouth, where he lived, by his grandson, Reuben M.
Hobbs, of Biddeford, in memory of this Christian man.

His son, Josiah, Jr., born in Falmouth, July 20, 1794,
married, Oct. 16, 1820, Maranda Merrill, who was born
July 21,1801. He was a farmer most of his life, moved
with his family to New Gloucester in 1835, where he kept
hotel in connection with his farming. In 1849 he removed
to Lawrence, Mass. He went to Bristol, Ill., in 1855,
where his wife died Sept. 28, 1871. He died at the resi-
dence of his son, Samuel F., at Selma, Ala., in 1876. He
took an active part in the old militia organizations, and
was captain of a company of light infantry. He was a
man of correct habits and strict integrity. His children
were ten sons and one daughter.

REUBEN M. HOBBS,

eldest son of Josiah Hobbs, Jr., born in Falmouth, Aug.
30, 1821, spent his minority at home. He received a lib-
eral education in the common school and at Gorham Acad-
emy, and for three terms was a teacher. In 1845 he began
the study of medicine with Doctors Grant and Mulvey, of
Saco, but after a few months, disliking the study, and
having a strong desire for mechanics and manufacturing,
he entered the York Manufacturing Company as an em-
ployee, where in less than a year he was promoted, and until
1855 was an overseer in various departments. On account
of impaired health he went to Lawrence, Mass., and with
his brother, Samuel F., opened a music-store. His brother,
retiring from the firm, went to Alabama, and Mr. Hobbs,
connecting other branches of business with his music-store,
remained there until 1865, when he settled in Lewiston,
Me., and was superintendent of the Lewiston Mills for

 

‘about two years, when he became, upon the solicitation of

the late William P. Haines, then treasurer of the Pepperell
Manufacturing Company, superintendent of the company
at Biddeford. Mr. Hobbs has remained in this position
since. His close attention to the business of the company,
his thorough knowledge of the capacity of every depart-
ment of manufacturing, his introduction of new fabrics to
meet the growing demands of trade, thus making the mills

‘popular and widely known, have placed him in the full

confidence of the company, and given him rank among the
best informed in the manufacture of cotton fabrics. Dur-
ing the war he went to Alexandria, Va., where he opened
a soldiers’ furnishing-goods store, but this business he con-
tinued only a short time, and returned to Lawrence, where
his main business was then located.

In early life he had a fondness for music. This branch
of education he cultivated, and wherever he has resided
has taken a leading part in all musical entertainments and
gatherings. His favorite instrument is the cornet, and his
instructions have resulted in organizing and training many
musical bands in various places. The Congregational
Church of Saco, Unitarian Church of North Andover,
Mass., Congregational Church of Lawrence, Mass., and
the Pavilion Church of Biddeford have been recipients of
his leading and active interest in music in connection with
church, Sabbath-school, and other service. He was one of
the organizers of the Young Men’s Christian Association
of Biddeford, and its second president. He established an
evening school for factory employees, which was attended by
hundreds, and when the Young Men’s Christian Associa-
tion was laboring under a heavy debt, he assembled the
Sabbath-schools of the city in a grand concert to relieve
the burden of debt from that association.

During the winter of 1877 the “ Biddeford Charitable
Association” was organized to meet the wants at that time
of a large number of needy persons, many of whom were
employees in the mills, but receiving insufficient wages to
meet the necessary demands for food and raiment. The
city felt the need of such an association, through which
the poor who were too proud to ask relief might bridge over
the cold months of winter. A public meeting was called,
the pastors of all the churches made addresses and ap-
pealed for contributions, which resulted in a fund of eighty
dollars. Mr. Hobbs took a great interest in this organiza-
tion, and upon the invitation of the committee at once
formed a chorus and orchestra of over one hundred and
thirty of the leading singers of the two cities, and after
three weeks’ drilling gave one of the most brilliant concerts
ever given in Saco and Biddeford, which was repeated for
two evenings, netting about five hundred dollars, which
placed the association upon a solid foundation. Just as the
curtain rose at the opening of the concert, Mr. Leonard
Andrews, in behalf of the singers, presented Mr. Hobbs
with a gold-mounted baton, in appreciation of his labors in
the instruction of the club.

Mr. Hobbs married, Feb. 10, 1847, Mary Elizabeth,
daughter of Col. William Cobb, of Limerick. She was
born in Limington, Jan. 22, 1825.

Their children are Martha M., Ernest 8., Florence A.
(deceased), and Baron Stowe Hobbs.
HISTORY OF YORK

ENOCH H. McKENNEY.

His grandfather, John McKenney, who traces his an-
cestry to the first settlers of Scarborough, was of Scotch
descent, married Mary Rand, reared a family of children,
and died in Saco, Nov. 18, 1818, aged eighty-one. His
wife died Nov. 25, 1828, aged eighty-nine.

His father, Abner McKenney, married Mary, daughter
of James Edgecomb, of Saco ; reared a family of nine chil-

dren. He died Sept. 11, 1860, aged eighty-one years and

COUNTY, MAINE.

and improvements known in the business. His long expe-
rience, first as a daguerrean artist, afterwards as an ambro-
type artist, and finally as a photographer, his close attention
to and study of this business, have given him rank among
the first photographers of the State. He is interested in
all worthy local enterprises of the city, is a member of
Dunlap Lodge of Masons, and of the Second Congrega-
tional Church of Biddeford. He was a member of the city
government from Ward Five for the years 1866 and 1867.

 

Photo. by E. H. McKenney, Biddeford.

Grok Ie of He. tuney—

ten months. His wife died Nov. 11, 1845, aged sixty-one |
years. |

Enoch H. McKenney, next to the youngest in the family
of children, was born in Saco, June 25, 1825, and received
his education in the common school and in Saco and Lim- |
erick Academies. He was a teacher for five terms during
his early manhood, and in 1848 associated himself with
Mr. Horatio Macumber (a daguerrean artist of Saco), for |
the purpose of learning the business. His adeptness in |
this art soon made him acquainted with it, so thatin a |
short time he started business for himself in Portsmouth,
N. H., where he remained only a few months, and in
1849 returned and settled in Biddeford, where he opened
a gallery, and remained until 1869, when, on account of |
impaired health, he removed to the State of Delaware, and |
engaged in the lumber trade. After fifteen months he
returned to Biddeford, and resumed his business as pho-
tographer, which he had never entirely relinquished, but
for several winters afterwards carried on a lumber trade in
Delaware, in connection with his business at home.

Mr. McKenney continues his art gallery in Biddeford in
1880, and has kept pace with all the inventions, discoveries,

He married, July 9, 1854, Martha, daughter of Seth and
Hannah (Richards) Emmons, of Kennebunk. She was
born in 1834. Their children are Fred. H. and Hattie B.

 

JOHN T. SMITH.

His grandfather, Nicholas Smith, born in Biddeford,
married Lydia Banks, of Old Orchard, Saco, and reared a
family of six children. He wasa land surveyor and a large
land owner, and was prominently identified with the history
of the town. His children were John, Samuel, Nicholas,
Charles, Hannah, and Paulina. He died about 1810, aged
eighty-five.

Nicholas, father of John T., married Olive Jeffereds, of
Biddeford. He was a farmer during his life, was a mem-
ber of the Democratic party, and died July 27, 1849, aged
eighty-four. His wife died aged eighty-four, having been
born in 1774. They had twelve children, viz., Nicholas,
Edmund, Nahum T., John T., Paulina, Almira (died
young), Irene, Almira, Jane §., Clara, Amelia, and Han-
nah A.
CITY OF BIDDEFORD. 213

Of this large family only two sisters, Hannah A. and
Jane, wife of Samuel Gilpatrick, of Kennebunkport, besides
the subject of this notice, survive.

Mr. Smith spent his minority at home on the farm. In
boyhood his opportunities for an education from books
were limited, but he subsequently attended one term at the
academy.

Photo. by E. H. McKenney, Biddeford.

Jiu ee

After reaching his majority he spent some time as an
employee in the York Mill, Saco, which was the first one
built, and the only one then representing manufacturing in-
terests in Saco or Biddeford. He afterwards spent some
time in Boston, and on account of the death of his brother
returned to the old homestead in Biddeford, where he car-
ried on farming until 1866, when he moved to Biddeford
city (proper), where he resided in 1879. He married, Feb.
5, 1861, Angelia B., daughter of John and Abigail
(Smith) Roberts, of Biddeford. They have an only daugh-
ter, Clara A.

Mr. Smith has been officially connected with the city.
He was elected, on the Democratic ticket, assessor in 1854,
and served one year. He was assessor from 1863 to 1868,
inclusive, and again in 1872 and 1875, and was elected in
1876, but did not qualify for the office. During the last
six years of his term of service he was chairman of the
Board of Assessors. He has been a member of the city
government for several years.

DR. THOMAS HALEY,

born in Saco, Nov. 14, 1829, is a descendant of Thomas
Haley, one of the first settlers of Saco, who, with others,
was summoned to acknowledge himself subject to the gov-
ernment of Massachusetts, July 5, 1653. He married a

 

 

 

daughter of John West, who, upon his death, in 1663
divided his property among Mr. Haley’s four children, Ann,
Lydia, Samuel, and Thomas. Mr. Haley lived on the west-
ern side of the river, opposite Waddock, and succeeded Wad-
dock, the first ferryman near the mouth of Saco River, called
the lower ferry, and was ordered by the court of 1673, “ for

?

Photo. by E. H. McKenney, Biddeford.

[Fol

the more secure transportation of travelers, for men and
horses, to provide a good, sufficient boat, fit for carrying
persons and their horses, large enough to carry over three
A descendant of his, Benjamin Haley,
was selectman of Biddeford in 1728. Dr. Haley was the son
of Mark and Lydia (Hill) Haley. The former, born in Saco,
in December, 1799, removed to Somerset Co., Me., about
1832, where he died in 1853; the latter died in Biddeford
in 1868, aged sixty-seven. His grandfather, Thomas, mar-
ried Margery Scamman, a descendant of one of the oldest
families in York County.

Dr. Thomas Haley remained on the farm at home until

horses at one time.”

he was twenty-one years old, receiving the advantages of a
common-school education. After reaching his majority he
was a teacher for three terms, and after attending for four
years he graduated from the Kimball Union Academy, at
Meriden, N. H., in 1854. In 1855 he began the study of
dentistry with Dr. William H. Haskell, of Biddeford, and,
after completing his studies, succeeded that gentleman and
practiced until 1862, when he enlisted in the 27th Maine
Regiment, commanded by Mark F. Wentworth. He served
his time of enlistment,—nine months,—and at the close of
that term of service was one of the three hundred who vol-
unteered to defend the forts at Arlington Heights against
any attack of Gen. Lee’s army, then marching into Penn-
sylvania and to the battle of Gettysburg, and received the
In 1863 he resumed his practice

 

recognition of Congress.
214 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

of dentistry in Biddeford. Owing to the rapid progress
this important profession was making, and desiring to be at
the head of his profession, in 1868, upon the organization
of the Dental School of Harvard University, he was among
the first to enter, from which he graduated in 1869, receiv-
ing the degree of D.M.D.
proved ways of operating known to the profession Dr.
Haley has kept pace, and zealously continues his practice in
Biddeford at the present time. He was one of the charter
members of the Maine Dental Society and president for one

In all the new features and im-

year, and also a member of the ‘“ Merrimac Valley Dental
Association,” and has been one of its vice-presidents. Be-
fore these associations Dr. Haley has made many addresses,
and has presented papers upon various topics pertaining
to the profession, which have received public recognition,
among which are following subjects: ‘“ Carbolic Acid,”
“First Principles of Dentistry,” “‘ Empiricism,” and “ Pres-
ent Status of Dentistry.”
members of Palestine Lodge of Free and Accepted Masons,
and is a leading member of the Second Congregational
Church in Biddeford. He married, in 1863, Isabella,
daughter of Joseph and Lucretia (Soule) West. Their
children are Willie T., Frank A , Harry W., and Charles M.

He was one of the charter

CAPT. JOTHAM BENSON,

third child and second son of Joseph and Mary (Littlefield)
Benson, was born in Biddeford, May 15, 1810. His boy-

 

Photo. by E. Il. McKenney, Biddeford.
CAPT. JOTHAM BENSON.

hood was spent at home on the farm and in school. At the
age of fourteen he went to sea as a common seaman, and
by his faithfulness and industrious and correct habits was
promoted through the various ranks until he finally became
master of several vessels. He followed the sea for some
thirty years, sailed a part of the time up the straits from
Philadelphia, made a number of trips to South America

 

and the West Indies, and made several voyages to the
various ports of Hurope. In 1858 he was appointed super-
intendent of the Greenwood Cemetery in Biddeford, which
position he retains in 1879.

He married, June 9, 1836, Elizabeth, daughter of Benja-
min and Elizabeth (Berry) Wakefield, of Saco, Me. She
was born Nov. 30, 1810. They have had six children, five
of whom are living,—James O., Hannah H., Mary E.,
Charles, J., and William E. Charles C. died in infancy.

Mr. Benson’s father was a farmer the greater part of his
life in the towns of Biddeford and Kennebunkport, and died
in 1847, aged sixty-six. His wife survived him, and died
in 1869, aged eighty years.

Mrs. Benson’s father was a farmer in Saco and Biddeford,
and died Sept. 15, 1839, aged sixty-six. His wife died
May 15, 1820.

SIMON M. BLAKE

was born March 17, 1815, in the town of Limington, York
Co., Me. His parents’ names were Benjamin and Eliza-
beth Blake. He was the fourth in a family of six chil-
dren, three of whom are now living. His ancestors came
from England, and were among the early settlers of Gor-
ham, Me. They followed farming. His boyhood was
spent with his parents, on the farm in Limington, until he
was sixteen years of age; he then bought his time of his
father, and hired with Hon. Ebenezer Moulton, of Standish,
Me., to work on a farm, where he remained one year and a
half, then went back to Limington and learned the carpen-
ter trade of Hon. John Bradeen, remaining with him until
he was twenty-one. He attended the district school in
winter and learned the elementary branches. His educa-
tion was practical, being derived more from observation and
experience than from books. He understood human na-
ture, and interpreted motives correctly. Mr. Blake began
life with small means. In later years, when prosperity sur-
rounded him, he used to remark that he bought his time of
his father, giving him a yoke of two-year-old steers, and
that was about all he possessed.

June 30, 1835, he married Rhoda C. Guptill, of Cor-
nish, Me. Their children now living are Mrs. Etta A.
Lockhart, of Hast Cambridge, Mass.; Mrs. Rosilla ©.

Surnham, of Biddeford; and Charles A. J. Blake, of Ken-
uebunkport.

In 1836, Mr. Blake moved to Limerick, Me. In 1838
he bought a farm in Limington, to which he removed, and
remained till 1840, when he purchased a farm in Chatham,
N. H., where he lived seven years, and built a saw-mill.
He carried on the mill and lumbering business and farming,
and worked at his trade a part of the time. He was com-
missioned captain of the militia in that town, and received
an honorable discharge. June 19, 1847, he removed to
Saco, Me., and commenced working at his trade for the
Saco Water-Power Company. Jan. 10, 1848, he removed
to Biddeford, where he continued his occupation, working
by the day and upon contract, having from one to twenty
men in his employ. In 1852, his health failing, he was
obliged to change his business; he bought out a grocery-
 

SIMON M. BLAKE.

 

SSSI

HS}

 

 

 

 

 

 

FARM RES. or SIMON M.BLAKE, 250 ELM St, BIDDEFORD, ME.
TOWN OF YORK. 215

 

store on Alfred Street, Biddeford, which he carried on for
eight years; then sold out to A. L. Cleaves, in whose
employ he remained until 1865, when his health again
failing he left the store and bought the farm where
he now lives. For the last fourteen years he has been
improving his farm and gardening. On Nov. 5, 1872,
he made a visit by railway to California.

In 1875 he bought a lot at Central Park, Old Orchard,
and built him a fine summer residence, which he has occu-
pied with his family and friends during the summer seasons.
In 1879, Mr. Blake bought 35 lots of the Charles Hardy
estate at Old Orchard. Mr, Blake is liberal towards the
poor, and contributes largely to the support of the Gospel,

 

being a member of the Free Baptist Church. About
eighteen years ago, when the Pavilion Congregationalist
Church was organized in Biddeford, he was one of the first
members. At the first church-meeting he was chosen dea-
con, and has remained one of the deacons to the present
time. He never sought public office or political honors, but
has served in many of the county and city offices. Mr.
Blake has been an advocate of temperance from his youth,
strong in his friendships, of great force of character,
earnest convictions, and correct judgment. Ever indus-
trious and economical he manages his affairs prudently, and
has accumulated a handsome property. He has always
been a firm Democrat.

 

HISTORY

OF THE

TOWNS AND VILLAGES OF YORK COUNTY.

 

YORK.

 

INTRODUCTION.

AGAMENTICUS, the earliest name of York, is derived
from the river of that name, and from Agamenticus Moun-
tain, situated in the northern part of the town.

The Agamenticus River is an arm of the sea, extending
about seven miles inland from one of the finest beaches on
the coast ; in some places it expands into a broad and beauti-
ful sheet of water, bordered by rich intervale, with here and
there jutting points of rocks or headlands. The landscape
now presents a succession of cleared and productive farms,
with quiet rural scenery and substantial farm-houses; and
there is little in the modern aspect of the place to remind
the visitor that here was the seat of one of the earliest set-
tlements in New England, whose ancient relics and records
furnish the richest treasure to the antiquarian. Such, how-
ever, is the fact; and we shall proceed to tell our readers
something of the story of ancient Agamenticus, and of (or-
geana, the first incorporated English city on the continent
of North America.

It is to be regretted that the earliest records of this town
were destroyed by the Indians in the memorable massacre
and destruction of the place in 1692, so that the oldest
records of the town proper, made by the town clerk, James
Plaisted, only date back to 1695, the period of the resettle-
ment, when municipal affairs again assumed orderly form.
The place, however, being the theatre of early public affairs,
both in the province of New Somersetshire and Maine, and
for many years the seat of the local provincial government,

 

has not failed to be largely represented in public documents
and records of a more general character, from which a fair
history of the town can be obtained. The valuable miscel-
laneous collection known as the “ York Records,” which
have been the delight of many an antiquarian, have been
preserved in the archives of the county since 1635.

EARLY HISTORY.

The earliest history of this town relates to it as Agamen-
ticus,—a name by which it was known on the map of the
famous Capt. Smith, who explored the coast of Maine from
the Penobscot westward in 1614. Two years later Capt.
Smith published his description of the country under the
general name of New England. He drew up his map with
the Indian names of the rivers, islands, and principal places
along the coast, and presented it to Prince Charles, after-
wards King Charles I., who changed many of the names
upon it to English names. Agamenticus, as laid down
upon this map, was changed to “ Boston,’—a name which
many years after was adopted by the Massachusetts Bay
Colony for their principal harbor at the mouth of the Charles
River, originally known by the Indian name Shawmut,—
now the metropolis of New England. It is something to
know that the original Boston on this continent was not
the “ Hub,” but York, in York County, Me., and that
this name appears on a map of New England published in
1616, together with Plymouth, where the Pilgrims landed
four years’ later.
216 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

It is not much to be regretted that the Indian names
generally prevailed over those substituted by the prince,
for, although not always as euphonious as this ancient
name of York, they serve to keep alive the memory of the
former possessors of the soil, of whom so few vestiges re-
main. The deep feeling of interest excited by the un-
happy fate of the once powerful tribes inhabiting our
country is impressed on whatever survives the wreck of
their fortunes, if it be only a name.

The plantation at Agamenticus was established under the
auspices of Sir Ferdinando Gorges, the oldest and most promi-
nent promoter of colonization in New England. He had
procured the original New England charter in 1606, and
was president of the first council formed under it for the
promotion of settlements. He was interested in the Pop-
ham colony, and sent Capts. Smith and Vines on numerous
voyages to this coast prior to 1616. In 1620, he, with his
associates, obtained the new charter from King James, under
which the various original grants of New England were
made; and in 1622, in connection with Capt. John Mason,
obtained the grant of New Hampshire and Maine, extend-
ing from the Merrimac River to the Kennebec. Under
this grant the first settlement was made by their joint labors
at the mouth of the Piscataqua, now Portsmouth, N. H.,
in 1623, and the same year the permanent settlement was
made at Agamenticus, now York. This, together with the
settlement at Monhegan, which had been kept up from a con-
siderably earlier period, was the private interest of Gorges, in
which Mason had no share, although they continued to
operate jointly at Piscataqua till 1634.

There can be little doubt that Agamenticus was selected
by Gorges as the place for a plantation before he sent Vines
out in 1616, and that Winter Harbor was chosen as the
place for spending the winter on account of its being more
sheltered. It is believed by historians that some of the emi-
grants then sent out remained in the country, and were
engaged at various points on the coast, from Saco to Pisca-
taqua, in connection with the vessels that were constantly
engaged in commerce upon these shores.

Sir Ferdinando was not able to establish his permanent
‘colony at Agamenticus till 1623, owing to the disasters
which befell his ships. It is well known that Capt. Smith,
under his auspices, made three unsuccessful attempts to
bring out colonists for permanent settlement in 1613 and
1614, and that upon his last attempt his vessel was cap-
tured by the French.

The settlement at Agamenticus was the special object of
Sir Ferdinando’s care, and he expended his fortune freely
to promote it. He sent out his first colony under the care
of Capt. William Gorges, his nephew, and Col. Francis
Norton, a young officer in whom he had great. confidence,
and who by his own merit had risen from a common soldier
to the rank of lieutenant-colonel. The first company was
chiefly artisans and husbandmen, and were furnished with
more than an ordinary outfit to encounter successfully the
difficulties of a new settlement. They brought with them
implements and machinery for clearing the forest, manufac-
turing lumber, building mills and ships, and cultivating the
soil.

A safe and commodious harbor for vessels was found at

 

the mouth of the river, and on the eastern bank, near the
sea, the first settlers established themselves. A fertile
valley, partly intervale, extending along the banks of a
navigable river six or seven miles, and covered with a dense
growth of oak and pine timber, invited them to its solitudes,
and promised an ample reward to their industry.

In 1636, Capt. William Gorges was sent from England
with authority as Governor of the province, in which capacity
he acted between one and two years. At this time Gorges
had no power to establish a government over his province,
the council, which alone held that right from the King,
having dissolved and surrendered their charter. It is prob-
able that the discovery of this fact caused him to recall his
nephew at so early a period in his administration. At all
events, Sir Ferdinando addressed himself earnestly to the
work of securing a new charter from the king,—one that
should not only perfect his title to the soil, but convey
sovereignty also within the jurisdiction of his province.
This was granted on the 3d of April, 1639, conferring upon
him, as lord proprietor of his province, powers of govern-
ment almost absolute.

The first deputy Governor chosen and commissioned was
Sir Thomas Jocelyn, who for some reason declined the office.
Thomas Gorges was then appointed and sent out with a
commission for himself and his associates. We give below
the list of chief officers of the government, copied from the
York Records, and the accompanying oath which the coun-
cilors were required to take:

“YORK RECORDS, BOOK A.

“Sir Ferdinando Gorges by Commission appoints
“Sr Thomas Josselin, Knight,
Richard Vynes, Steward General,

Francis Champernoon,
Sepr. 2d | Baar

Henry Josselin
1639, 7 ‘

Richard Bonighton,
William Hooke, Gent.
Edward Godfrey, } ;

r Councellors.

SECOND COMMISSION.

Thomas Gorges, )
Richard Vynes, Steward General,
Henry Josselin,

Francis Champernoon,

Richard Bonithon,

William Hooke,

Edward Godfrey, Esqrs.,

“ Thomas Gorges appointed secretary.”

March 10

\
1639-40 Councellors,

 

OATH,

“T do Swear and protest before God Allmighty and by the holy
contents of this Book to be a faithfull Servant and Councellor unto
Sir Ferdinando Gorges Knight my Lord of the Province of Mayne,
and to his heirs and assigns, to do and perform to the utmost of my
power all dutifull respects to him or them belonging, concealing their
Councells, and without respect of persons to do, perform, and give my
opinion in all causes according to my conscience and best understand-
ing both as I am a Councellor for hearing of causes, and otherwise
freely to give him or them my opinion as I am a Councellor for mat-
ters of State or Commonwealths, and that I will not conceal from him
or them and their Councell any matter of conspiracy or mutinous
practice against my said Lord and his heirs but will instantly after
my knowledge thereof discover the same, and prosecute the authors
thereof with all diligence and severity according to Justice, and there-
upon do humbly kiss the Book.”

Of the deputy Governor and councilors, Thomas Gorges,
Edward Godfrey, and William Hooke were residents of
 

ee

"JR., PROPRIETOR.

WELLS

 

7 CLIFF HOUSE AND BALD HEAD CLIFF - THEO. WEARE
CAPE NEDODICK, YORK CO, ME.
TOWN OF YORK. 217

 

Agamenticus. Richard Vines lived at Winter Harbor,
Henry Jocelyn at Black Point, Francis Champernoon* at
Piscataqua, now Kittery, and Richard Bonython at Saco.
Thomas Gorges, whom Sir Ferdinando calls his “ trusty and
well-beloved cousin,” arrived in the province in 1640, and
was Governor about four years, or until the recognition of
the Plough Patent, and the establishment of the rival gov-
ernment under Alexander Rigby. He built his house at
Agamenticus, on the point of land still known as Gorges’
Point, between the confluence of a creek known as Judica-
ture Creek and the Agamenticus River, about three and a
half miles from the sea, where he resided till 1644, when
he returned finally to England. The remains of the old
cellar of his house are still pointed out to visitors.

It is said by Williamson that on the arrival of Thomas
Gorges at Agamenticus he found affairs, both public and
private, in lamentable disorder. George Burdett, the noto-
rious minister referred to in our General History, who was
brought before the first General Court for his lewd and
disorderly conduct, had assumed strong influence in poli-
tics. The lord proprietor’s buildings, which had cost him
large sums of money, were in a state of great dilapidation,
and his personal property squandered. The young Gov-
ernor went to work with energy, and soon brought order
out of confusion. In all his efforts he was heartily sec-
onded and sustained by that eminent and faithful friend
and early citizen Edward Godfrey, than whom no man in
the province was a more earnest supporter and faithful
public officer. Governor Gorges was a young man who had
received a law education at the Inns Courts of Westminster.
He entered upon his government determined to discharge
its duties with fidelity and promptitude. While exercising
the functions of his office, he was a zealous patron of trade
and commerce, a considerable amount of which had already
sprung up between Agamenticus, Piscataqua, and Saco, and
the colonies farther east as far as St. John and Nova Scotia.
On the 28th of June, 1643, he wrote a letter to Governor
Winthrop, of Massachusetts Bay, strongly urging that de-
cisive measures should be taken to destroy the power of
the French Governor d'Aulney, at St. John’s, whom he
says had been held back from “being a scourge” at the
“expense” of near £800 per month.

Edward Godfrey, the most prominent of the first prov-
ince councilors, and subsequently Governor of Maine, ap-
pears to have settled at Agamenticus as early as 1629.
There are some allusions to him in early history, which
lead us to think that he may have been one of the first col-
onists, though it is not probable that he remained at Aga-
menticus all the time. He is sometimes spoken of in con-
nection with affairs at Piscataqua, where he probably had
interests also, and resided part of the time prior to 1629.
In Hon. Nathaniel G. Marshall’s address we find the fol-
lowing: ‘‘ Previously to this he (Sir F. Gorges) had sent
from England his nephew, William Gorges, with that true,
trusty, and noble man Edward Godfrey, to assist in form-
ing and directing a settlement somewhere in his vast
domain, and nowhere between the Kennebec and Pisca-

 

* Gorges calls Champernoon, his “ loving nephew.”—See Gorges’
Genealogy, Register, Jan. 1875.
28

 

taqua did they find a spot so beautiful, in their opinion, as
this good old locality. Here, in this town, on a spot which
can be shown to this day, this man Godfrey, in whom Sir
Ferdinando implicitly trusted, and whose confidence he
never betrayed, chose to reside rather than within the rich
and sumptuous apartments of the English aristocracy. And
so well did the settlement thrive under his good manage-
ment, assisted by the younger Gorges, that Sir Ferdinando,
within the space of two years after receiving his grant trom
King Charles, conceived and executed the design of making
this place a city.”

GORGEANA.

We come now to the second important phase of the set-
tlement,—that in which corporate privileges were conferred
upon it, first as a borough, and, secondly, as a city. We
have not the date of the first charter. Williamson gives it
as April 10, 1641, and the city charter March 1, 1642.
But we are convinced this is a mistake, for we find a copy
of the original cety charter in the possession of Hon. Na-
thaniel G. Marshall, of York, and it bears date March 1,
1641, earlier by twenty days than Williamson makes the
date of the borough charter. We are convinced that Mr.
Marshall’s copy is correct in every particular.

The first charter erected Agamenticus into a “ borough.”
It embraced the territory “three miles every way from the
church, chapel, or oratory of the plantation,” and invested
the burgesses, or inhabitants, with power to elect annually
a mayor and eight aldermen, and to hold estate to any
amount. The mayor and board were authorized to make
by-laws, to erect fortifications, and to hold municipal courts
once in three weeks for the trial of all misdemeanors and
civil causes. History informs us that the citizens of Aga-
menticus, now incorporated, appreciated very highly the
privileges conferred upon their town, and were disposed to
guard them with jealous care against all supposed incroach-
ments by the General Court. Hence, when the court con-
vened at Saco in June, Edward Godfrey and three of the
alderman, with delegates from the burgesses, appeared be-
fore that body, and entered their protest against any inter-
ference with their corporate rights and privileges. They
said that while they acknowledged the authority of the
provincial charter of the Lord Proprietor, and cheerfully
rendered submission to all the requirements of the govern-
ment established under it, they did not wish that their ap-
pearance at court, then or at any other time, should be
deemed as in any way prejudical to their borough privi-
leges, and desired that their protest might be authenticated
by a notary and entered upon the records, which was ac-
cordingly done.

These “borough privileges,” however, were soon super-
seded by the more enlarged privileges of a city. Sir Fer-
dinando, who had made the place the object of his special
interest and care, conferred upon it a city charter March 1,
1641. The first election of mayor and aldermen under the
charter was held on the 25th of March, 1642, at which
Thomas Gorges was chosen mayor, and Edward Godfrey,
Roger Garde, George Puddington, Bartholomew Barnett,
Edward Johnson, Arthur Bragdon, Henry Simpson, and
John Rogers, aldermen. Thus Agamenticus became the
218 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

Jirst incorporated English city on this continent, with the
graceful name of GORGEANA.

The corporate limits of this city embraced an area of
twenty-one square miles. The whole lay, in the form of a
parallelogram, on the northern side of the river Agamenti-
cus, extending up seven miles from its mouth and a league
upon the sea-shore. The officers consisted of a mayor,
twelve aldermen, twenty-four common councilmen, and a
recorder or clerk, annually elected on the 25th of March
by the freeholders. The mayor and aldermen were ea-officio
justices, and had the appointment of four sergeants, whose
insignia of office was a white rod, and whose duty it was to
serve all judicial processes. The courts were two,—one
holden every Monday by the mayor, aldermen, and recorder,
for the trial of all offenses not extending to life, and all
civil suits, excepting titles to lands not exceeding £10;
the other was a court holden twice a year by the recorder,
for preserving the rights of the corporation’ and the pun-
ishment of the abuses of public trusts. Appeals were
allowed to the Lord Proprietor or to his deputy Governor
in person.

The population of Gorgeana at this time, according to
Williamson, was about 300 souls.

We quote again from Mr. Marshall’s address:

“Tn the difficulties which occurred about this time in
England, between King Charles and the English Parlia-
ment, which resulted in the discomfiture of the king and
the success of Cromwell, Sir Ferdinando Gorges took an
active part, espousing the cause of the king. He was taken
prisoner by Cromwell in 1645, and, after suffering impris-
onment and loss of property, died in 1647.

“On receipt of the news of his death, Mr. Godfrey
was elected Governor of the whole territory belonging to
Gorges, and ‘was acting in that capacity when commis-
sioners arrived here from Massachusetts for the purpose of
organizing a government here in the interest of the Mas-
sachusetts Bay Company, which company claimed its au-
thority to do so by virtue of certain dubious provisions of
its charter granted that company by the same English king.

“Mr. Godfrey, then Governor, and his associates re-
sisted to the utmost of their ability this encroachment upon
their rights, and appealed to the Court of England for re-
dress, but the king, his friend, was shorn of power to aid
him. Cromwell was in the ascendant, and he, probably
remembering Gorges as his active opposer in the struggle
from which he had recently come out victorious, was not
inclined to render the friends of Gorges any favor. The
result was that all the possessions of Gorges were trans-
ferred to the Massachusetts Bay Company, and Godfrey
and his associates, and all our ancestors residing here, be-
came subject to that company. This happened in the year
1652. History says ‘Godfrey yielded gracefully, and
signed the required articles of submission.” The Massa-
chusetts Bay Company then entered into full possession.
Our city charter was revoked by that cruel company in
1653, and, as if they could hardly spare us many letters of
the alphabet for a name, they gave us the short, snappish
name of YorxK, by which we are to this day known, and
the beautiful, liquid, euphonious name of Gorgeana, after
an existence of ten short years, was forever wiped out.”

 

In the place of the city the Massachusetts commission-
ers incorporated the towa of York, and erected the terri-
tory of Maine eastward of the Piscataqua into a county
by the name of Yorkshire. The limits of the town were
enlarged probably to nearly their present dimensions,
though a small portion north of the Agamenticus was
added to South Berwick in 1834, The name was probably
taken from York in England, which was surrendered by
the royalists to the Parliamentary forces in 1644, after the
most bloody battle fought in the civil wars. The remark
is made by Williamson that ‘the name was changed to
York to avoid the city charter and Gorges’ right.” The
town commissioners appointed were Edward Godfrey,
Abraham Preble, Edward Johnson, and Edward Rish-
worth. The latter was also appointed clerk of the writs
and county recorder. Henry Norton was chosen marshal,
and Nicholas Davis constable. John Davis was licensed to
keep an ordinary or tavern. The first representative to the
General Court was Edward Rishworth, in May, 1653.

The names of those who signed the articles of submis-
sion to Massachusetts at the dwelling-house of Nicholas
Davis, Nov. 22, 1652, are as follows: Philip Adams, Samp-
son Angier, John Alcock, Joseph Alcock, Samuel Alcock,
Richard Banks, Nicholas Bond, George Beanton, Arthur
Bragdon, Richard Codagon, Thomas Crockett, Thomas
Curtis, John Davis, Nicholas Davis, John Davis (2d),
William Dickson, Thomas Donnell, Henry Donnell, Robert
Edge, William Ellingham, Andrew Everett, William
Freathie, Hugh Gaile, Edward Godfrey, William Gomsey,
John Gooch, John Harker, Philip Hatch, Robert Hethers,
William Hilton, Edward Johnson, Robert Knight,
Lewis, William Moore, Henry Norton, John Parker,
George Parker, Abraham Preble, Francis Raynes, William
Rogers, Edward Rishworth, Edward Start, Sylvester Sto-
ver, Mary Tapp “ [acts only],’’ John Twisden, Sr., Edward
Wentome, Thomas Wheelwright, Peter Wyer (Weare),
Rowland Young.

“OF course, all who have read history know that at
that time the established religion of England was Episco-
palian,—more generally known as ‘the Church of Eng-
land.’ Gorges was an Episcopalian, a friend of the Church
of England. Cromwell was what at that time was called a
Puritan, a non-conformist,—a dissenter from the doctrines
and rites of the Established Church. Now, the Massachu-
setts Bay Company was composed principally of Puritans;
hence that company found less difficulty in robbing Gorges
of his rights than it would have found had the company
and Gorges both been Puritans or Episcopalians; and had
the religious views of both parties been the reverse of what
they were, I have no idea that Gorges would have been
disturbed by that company. I think this is evident from
the fact that in 1660,.on the accession of Charles II. (a
rigid Episcopalian) to the throne of England, the grandson
of Gorges, who succeeded to his grandsire’s estates, asked
of this king a restoration to him of his rights. The king
appointed commissioners, who came to this town in 1665,
and, after examining the charters and claims of both par-
ties, on the 23d of June of that year issued their procla-
mation prohibiting both parties from exercising authority,
and took the whole province under the protection of the

 
 

 

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ee ”

BARRELL’S , RESI

 
TOWN OF YORK. 219

 

crown. Without going into further detail as to what sub-
sequently occurred, suffice it to say that after twenty-two
long, weary years of waiting, the king, in 1675, confirmed
the title to the grandson of Gorges, both as to soil and
civil and religious government. History says, ‘ Thus after
a long struggle the Gorges heirs had confirmed to them the
rights for which they so long contended.’

“But the Massachusetts Bay Company, with that obsti-
nacy of purpose characteristic of Puritan stock, deter-
mined against defeat, now resorted to other means whercby
it might effect a recovery of what it had so ignobly won
and so justly lost. On hearifg of the king’s decision, it
sent an agent to England to treat with the heir of Sir Fer-
dinando for the purchase of his rights, and finally, in
March, 1677, he, the unworthy grandson of a worthy
grandsire, for a paltry sum, much less than the value of
one of many of your farms, conveyed all the vast territory
which descended to him to the Massachusetts Bay Com-
pany, which act rendered the title complete.

“ Now, I do not wish to be understood as charging any
blame upon the Puritan settlers of Massachusetts for this
course of proceeding as a reflection upon their religious
creed. But, as a business transaction, I think they, aided
by their creed, took advantage of the adversities of Gorges,
and became possessed of his rights in a manner wncredit-
able, to say the least.”

FIRST COURTS UNDER MASSACHUSETTS.

When Massachusetts took possession of the town and
county, in 1652, York was made the shire-town. The
commissioners organized a regular court here, and appointed
as associate judges four individuals, to wit., Edward God-
frey, Abraham Preble, Edward Johnson, and Edward Rish-
worth, all inhabitants of this town. The following reference
to this court by Hon. Nathaniel G. Marshall, in his popu-
lar address, will be found intensely interesting:

“The first court holden here under this order of things,
was in 1653, and was presided over by Chief Justice Right
Worshipful Richard Bellingham, assisted by our four dis-
tinguished resident judges. Now let us pause and fancy
to ourselves, if we can, Chief Justice Right Worshipful
Richard Bellingham, and his four associates, with powdered
wigs and flowing robes, always donned while in court, and
their numerous retainers, under the charge of Henry Nor-
ton, Esq., of this town, who was appointed sheriff for the
occasion. Fancy the street through our village and that
leading to the court-room as mere pathways, on either side
of which stood the stately pine, the majestic oak, and other
monarchs of the forest. Fancy, if we can, the personal
appearance of the suitors who had cases to be tried before
Chief Justice Right Worshipful Richard Bellingham and
his four worthy associates. Fancy, if we can, the form and
texture of the apparel of these suitors. Fancy, too, how
the ladies appeared on that august occasion. Form an
opinion, with the aid of fancy, as to how many yards of
gro de Nap, gro de Swiss, or moire antique their dresses
contained? What style of bonnets they wore, for they
probably did not wear hats then, as ladies do now. The
men wore hats in that age—the women did not! Fancy,
if we can, the size and architectural appearance of the

 

temple of Justice in which this august body held its session,
and by all means fix, if you can, its location.”

The first inferior court under the king’s commissioners
was held at Wells, in July of this year (1665); and one of
its orders was that every town should have erected, between
this and the next court, a pair of stocks, a cage, and a
ducking stool, on which to punish common scolds. This
stool consisted of a long beam, moving on a fulcrum, one
end of which could be extended over water, and could be
let down into it at the will of the operator, and on this a
seat was fixed for the culprit.

The first court and council under the authority of Massa-
chusetts as rightful administrator of government was held’
in this town, March 17, 1680, Thomas Danforth, presi-
dent, and Capt. John Davis, Maj. B. Pendleton, Capt.
Joshua Scottow, Capt. John Wincoll, Edward Rishworth,
Francis Hooke, 8. Wheelwright, and Capt. Charles Frost
were commissioners for the first year. Warrants for the
choice of deputies to the General Assembly, to be holden at
York, were issued, and the session commenced March 30,
1680. EK. Rishworth was chosen secretary; F. Hooke,
treasurer of the province; Maj. Brian Pendleton was ap-
pointed deputy president, and authorized, with the assistance
of other members of the Council, to hold intermediate terms
of court. John Davis, of York, was deputy president in
1682. In 1684 the Assembly was composed of presidents
deputy president, assistant, 6 justices, and 12 deputies.
To its proceedings were committed a variety of subjects;
laws were made and enforced, legal questions settled, estates
proved, and letters of administration granted, military com-
missions issued, provision made for the public safety in time
of war, roads laid out, religious affairs of towns superin-
tended, and all other matters pertaining to public interests.
At the commencement of every session an election sermon,
as it was called, was preached. In 1683 the Rev. Shubael
Dummer performed this duty. Mr. Danforth was a prudent
and popular magistrate, and under his administration the
strifes and disputes of former years were ailayed, and the
people became reconciled to the jurisdiction of the Bay
Colony. In 1685, James IT. came to the throne, and was
publicly proclaimed as king in town in April of this year.
The old scheme of a general government for the colonies
found favor with the king, the Massachusetts charter was
recalled, and a president appointed for the whole of New
England. Joseph Dudley was commissioned president early
in 1686, and a council, composed of 17 gentlemen, resi-
dent in different parts of New England, was constituted at
the same time. Danforth was removed from office, and a
court sat here in October of the same year, composed of 1
judge, 2 councilors, and a justice from each town in the
province. Dudley was superseded before the close of 1686
by Sir Edmund Andros, whose arbitrary administration
ended with the reign of the king, in the spring of 1689.
After this, President Danforth resumed the duties of his
office, which he probably continued to exercise until the new
charter of 1691. This instrument made provision that all
the territories and colonies known by the names of the Col-
ony of the Massachusetts Bay, of New Plymouth, Province
of Maine, territory called Acadia, or Nova Scotia, and the
tract lying between Nova Scotia and the Province of Maine,
220 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

be incorporated into one province by the name of the Prov-
ince of the Massachusetts Bay in New England. Maine,
as far as Nova Scotia, constituted a county under the name
York. Inall these changes of administration this town took
a lively interest, from the fact that the provincial courts
were mainly held here, and thus became for the time being
a capital of the province.

INDIAN WARS.

As this town, during the Indian wars, was a border set-
tlement, it suffered from every incursion of the savages.
Great efforts were made in each of the three first wars by
the tribes to entirely destroy the place, but without success.
The settlers erected garrison-houses, in which they bravely
defended themselves against their wily foes, and, though
some fell victims to the watchful hatred and cunning of the
red man, the settlements extended and increased. The most
disastrous descent made upon the town was Feb. 5, 1692
(25th of January, O.8.), when, early in the morning, upon
a given signal, a sudden and unexpected attack was made
by a body of two or three hundred Indians, countenanced
and directed by several Canadian Frenchmen, who had ac-
companied them over the deep snow upon snow-shoes. A
scene beggaring description ensued. In half an hour more
than 150 of the inhabitants were killed or captured. Those
living in the immediate neighborhood of Preble’s, Harmon’s,
Alcock’s, and Norton’s garrisons, the best defenses in town,
escaped to the shelter of their walls, and defended themselves
successfully, though often summoned to surrender. About
75 were killed, and nearly 100 captured. All the de-
fenseless houses on the northeast side of the river were
burned. Fearful of being overtaken by avenging pursuers,
the Indians made a hasty retreat, taking their prisoners and
what booty they could carry away with them. Severe
weather, snow, famine, abuse, and hardships such as sav-
ages delight to multiply, aggravated this march to the cap-
tives, many of whom died from its effects. Children, re-
membering the sufferings and indignities they and their
parents endured at the hands of the Indians, nursed a thirst
for revenge, and forgot in their conflicts with them their
humanity and tenderness. Many became noted Indian
fighters, and led men long distances on perilous expeditions
against them. Noted among them, and much dreaded by
the Indians, was Col. Johnson Harmon.

FIRST TOWN-HOUSE.

Mr. Marshall’s address, being at the dedication of the
new town-hall, on Feb. 23, 1874, led him to a thorough
discussion of the place where the first courts were held and
the date of the erection of the first town-house in the
village. He spoke as follows:

“T have diligently searched our early records and availed
myself of all the information in my power, and I am satis-
fied that this court was holden in the meeting-house, then
the only one in town, and that its location was on the hill
between the bouse of Mr. William Lunt and Meeting-House
Creek, so called, nearly opposite the dwelling-house of Mr.
Theodore Ramsdall.

“T am upheld in this belief by facts taken from our
early records. I will briefly refer to these records, and I

 

do this in order to ascertain the time when we first had a

town-house, and so connect that event with the event we
now celebrate.

“ As early as 1699 I find a record of a country road from
Wells through Cape Neddick and our village to Berwick,
with town ways connecting with and leading from this
‘country road,’ one of which was the town way leading
from the-village across the creek known as Meeting-House
Creek. The record says, ‘And the town way turns out of
the country road by the burying-place (our old cemetery),
and so to the meeting-house, and from thence to the creek
and over where the bridge used to be, and up that lane by
John Parker's (now Mr. Albert Bragdon’s). And so, as
the way goes, by the head of Cove Creek (now Josiah W.
Fernald’s mill-pond) to Rowland Young’s’ (now the farm
of George Goodwin.

“T also find that May 15, 1710 (eleven years afterwards),
the town voted to build a new meeting-house, on the north-
easterly side of the country road, by the burying-place, upon
the land given for the use of the ministry, and have it fin-
ished by the last day of November, 1712.

“T also find that July 15, 1713 (three years afterwards),
a parcel of land was laid out to Nicholas Sewall. This
laying out, taken in connection with the records just quoted,
so perfectly establishes the location of the meeting-house
referred to in 1699, and undoubtedly standing in 1653, that
I quote the record entire:

“York, July 15, 1713. Laid out to Nicholas Sewall half an acre
of land for a tan-yard, granted to him the 23d day of March last past
by said town of York, with the privilege of the spring of water be-
tween the new and the old meeting-house, where the said Sewall’s tan-
yards now are, and is bounded as followeth, viz. : beginning at a stake
standing at the northward corner of Mr. Moody’s little field, on
that side of the way, and runs from thence six poles to a white oak
stake marked on four sides (by Moody’s land) thence northeast thir-
teen poles to another white oak stake marked on four sides, then
northwest six poles to a stake standing by the way that leads to the old
meeting-house from the country road, and is bounded by said road to
the stake first above mentioned.’

“The parcel of land thus described is that now owned
by Mr. William Lunt, the house occupied by him being
that built by this Mr. Nicholas Sewall. The spring of
water named is well known to many present, and many
here can remember when the tannery named was in opera-
tion. So, then, as early as 1699 a meeting-house, called an
old one, stood in the field now owned by Mr. Lunt. I
have shown that a new meeting-house was built in 1710
to 1712. The old one, therefore, if of decent age (say
fifty-seven years), was standing in 1653, when this first
regular court was holden. But it may be asked, Did the
town have no town-house from the time of its settlement up
to 1713? I think I can safely say it did not. From the
earliest entry in our records up to March, 1715, no mention
is made of the place where the business of the town was
transacted ; but at a meeting holden March 8, 1715, to fix
the time of holding annual town-meetings, it was ‘ voted,
that our general town-meeting shall be holden upon the
second Tuesday in March hereafter, at our meeting-house,
beginning at nine o'clock in the forenoon.’ Also on the
19th of June, 1732, a town-meeting was holden in the
meeting-house in the First Parish. No evidence is found on
the records showing that the town transacted its business
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CAPT. CHARLES O. CLARK

was born in York Aug. 6, 1811; was the only
child of Thomas and Mary (Vowdy) Clark. His
father was a ship-master, born in Bangor, Me.,
Oct. 8, 1793. Died in York, April 8, 1855, leav-
ing several children by a second wife, Nancy, sister
of his first wife. He was engaged in the carrying
trade between Southern ports and Liverpool, Eng-
land, until the year 1850, when he engaged in farming
solely,

At the age of fourteen years, Charles went into the
office of Jeremiah Bradbury, then clerk of the courts
for this county, as a writer. Stayed there some two
years, then followed the sea with his father. In
1839 he went into trade in York as a partner with
Nathaniel G. Marshall, and continued in trade till

1848, when he sold out his interest to Mr. Marshall.

 

He shortly after took command of a steamer plying
between Bangor, Me., and Boston, Mass. Afterward
commanded one or more steamers plying between
New York and Philadelphia. About 1857 he quit
business and engaged in farming, which occupation
he followed until his death, December 13, 1874, at
which time he held the office of town clerk, having
been first elected in 1873. He was married Jan.
29, 1837, to Olive, the daughter of Timothy and
Olive (Harmon) Grow.

On the maternal side he descended from an ancient

He died without issue.

family in York. His wife is a direct descendant

on the maternal side from Col. Johnson Harmon,

» He was a man of

the famous “Indian fighter.’
good ability, and died lamented by all who fully

knew him.
TOWN OF YORK. 221

 

in any other place up to 1732. At a town-meeting holden

May 9, 1726, the first movement was made towards erect-
ing a building for the accommodation of courts of justice
and the business of the town. On that date I find this
record :

“Voted, that if the justice of the quarter sessions (county commis-
sioners) order the building of a court-house in this town, this town
shall bear one-half the charge of building said house, provided said

town may have the use of said house for holding town-meetings and
keeping the grammar school.’

“ And on the 5th of December, 1733, £100 were raised
towards building a court-house, and on the 20th day of the
same month a committee was chosen to join the ‘ Court’s
Committee’ to ‘appoint a place to set said house upon.’
And Jan. 28, 1734, it was ‘ Voted, that this town will join
with the county in the building of a court-house in this
town, which house shall be for the use of the county to
hold courts in, and for a town-house for the use of this
town to meet in on all public times.’ ‘The dimensions to
be as followeth: 35 feet long and 28 wide; 20 feet stud:
—the lower story 84 feet high; the upper story 113 feet
high ; the beams of the upper story to crown 18 inches;
to have a pitched roof; both rooms to be plastered and
whitewashed, and well glazed with sash glass, and to be
finished with joinery work, according to the direction of the
committee that are appointed by the county and the town;
and that one-half the charges arising shall be borne by the
town.’

“Tt is established, then, beyond doubt that the first build-
ing erected in this town for the direct purpose of holding
town-meetings was no earlier than 1734, and that up to that
date the meeting-house was used for that purpose. And
this will appear consistent, when it is remembered that in
those times the towns built the churches, granted lands for
their support, assessed taxes for the support of preaching,
as for any other purpose, and in all things controlled what
is now called parochial matters; but when parishes were
organized, the town made no farther provision in this re-
spect and ceased to exercise this authority, and the lands
and other parochial property passed under the control of
the parishes so formed.

“This parish was organized in 1731; consequently, the
town after that date ceased to exercise control over the
parish property within its boundaries; nor could it right-
fully or legally use it. And then it was that by necessity
measures were adopted to erect its first town-house, which
was done, as I have stated, in 1733, two years after the
parish organization.

“The house just described was probably built very soon
after, for I find a parish meeting was holden at the town-
house on the 26th of December, 1735, and another April
16,1742. The first evidence on record of its use by the
town bears date May 23, 1745, when the town-meeting was
adjourned to the meeting-house, probably because court was
in session.

“Nowhere can the words ‘town house’ be found on
the town records until this date, 1745. You will recollect
a committee were to select a place ‘to set said house upon.’
Now, where did the committee locate it? Until recently I
had supposed that it stood nearly on the same spot as this

 

house,—perhaps a little farther back from the street,—but I
am satisfied I was mistaken, for I find this entry on the in-
side of the cover of twelfth volume of our Probate Records,
in the handwriting of Judge David Sewall while register
of probate :

“4 elm trees set out between Town House and Meeting House, April
15, 1773.’

“Tf this entry be correct (and no one will doubt it), the
old town-house stood between the four elms now in front of
this house, and the house of Capt. Frank Emerson. I need
say no more as to its location, as this entry by Judge Sewall
settles the question.

“That house stood there, and was used as a town-house
from 1734 to 1811, a period of seventy-seven years.

“JT will here briefly allude to the courts and county offices
established here. Prior to 1716, from the earliest settle-
ment, this town and the town of Saco were the only places
in which courts of any importance had been held (except
that one term per year was holden in Kittery for a period
of about forty years). In 1716 (just one hundred years
from the arrival of its first settlers) this town was made the
shire-town, or ‘ place for holding all the courts and keeping
the registry of deeds.’ In 1735 its honors were divided with
Portland (then called Falmouth), that place and this each
becoming shire-towns. Up to 1760 this county embraced
the whole province. In that year the counties of Cumberland

-and Lincoln were formed, leaving York County with its pres-

ent boundaries and a portion of territory set off to assist in
forming Oxford County in 1805. This town then was the
principal place for holding the courts from its earliest settle-
ment up to 1716. It was the shire-town (by order of the
Legislature of Massachusetts) of the whole province of
Maine from 1716 to 1735; then shire-town with Portland
of the whole province from 1735 to 1760; then shire-town
of the county of York from 1760 to. 1802, when Alfred
was made a shire-town with this. About this time great
complaint was made of the unsuitable condition of the old
town-house for holding courts, and the want of accommoda-
tions for judges, suitors, jurors, and attorneys, and the result
was that the terms of the Supreme Court were holden in
that part of Wells now Kennebunk in 1800 and 1801.
Great exertions were also made to constitute Alfred and
Kennebunk the shire-towns of the county. These move-
ments stirred the people of this town and Kittery and Ber-
wick intensely. The result was that this town and Alfred
were declared the shire-towns, and measures were adopted
by which the county donated $500, this town $600, and
individuals in this town and in Kittery contributed gener-
ously for the purpose of building this house, which was
done in 1810-11. The courts were retained here until
1832, when, on account of our geographical position, all
the courts were removed to Alfred, and that place became
the shire-town of the county. The office of register of
deeds was removed to Alfred, May 3, 1816 (just two
hundred years from the arrival of our first settlers). That
of county treasurer was removed there in 1813. Prior to
1816 the office of register of deeds had been kept in this
town from its earliest settlement, two hundred years. The
last register here was William Frost, who held the office

thirty years. He was also county treasurer about the same
222 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

length of time. Both offices were kept by him in what is
now the L of the dwelling-house of Mr. Geo. F. Plaisted.

“The probate office and that of clerk of the courts
remained here until 1820 (the date when we became a
State), when ¢hey were both removed to Alfred. Both
these offices were held by Mr. Daniel Sewall at the time of
their removal, and were kept chiefly in his dwelling-house,
—that now owned by Mr. Lafayette Armstrong. Mr.
Sewall was register of probate thirty-seven years, and clerk
of the courts twenty-eight years,—was also postmaster from
1792 to 1807, a period of fifteen years,—a practical illus-
tration of the civil service system, which at this day so
much troubles our virtuous politicians.

“From 1832 to 1873, upwards of forty years, this build-
ing had been used for almost every conceivable purpose,—
town-house, school-house, hearse-house, etc., without a
friend to care for it,—a target for play-balls and harder
missiles of unruly boys and ‘children of a larger growth,’
—‘ with none so poor as to do it reverence,’ until it had
become a byword and a standing disgrace to the town.
The interest of the county in it had been purchased by the
town, and at its usual and subsequent meeting in 1873
money was raised to rebuild and remodel it, as alluded to
in the opening of this address. Would time permit, I could
speak of the causes of our decline as a place of importance,
and trace that decline from its beginning to the present day.
The subject would be an unpleasant one, and I forbear.

“Mr. President, this village, now so quiet, has been the
scene of bustle and activity. Go back to 1668, when, in
July of that year, the Massachusetts Bay Company sent
officials here, attended by a military escort, to enforce obe-
dience to its jurisdiction.

“These officials took possession of that old meeting-
house. During an adjournment at noon the villagers ob-
tained possession, and filled the meeting-house to its utmost
capacity. The officials then ordered the-arrest of some of
the leading villagers, and, after a long and acrimonious dis-
pute, the villagers left the house in a body, surrendering
possession to the officials and the military. And all this
took place in that old meeting-house, in this village, now so
peaceful and quiet ! ! !

“ As I pass from my home to the village over that his-
toric hill where that old meeting-house stood, I often think
of the bustle and hubbub that took place there two hun-
dred and five years ago last July. I look upon the old
gray rocks on the west side of the way, and fancy to myself
that on that day those old gray rocks were pressed by the
feet of anxious and excited men, counseling together, ar-
guing pro and con.,—some in favor of conciliation, and some
for war to the bitter end; and now the sun at noonday,
and the gentle moon at night, shine upon that spot as
brightly and serenely as though it had never been the
scene of strife or bitter and angry words.

“Our ancestors were men of pluck! Numerous examples
like that just stated might be given. And they were men
of ability!

“That immortal document, ‘The Declaration of Inde-
pendence,’ said to have been drafted by Thomas Jefferson,
was made July 4, 1776, and its noble language is familiar
to nearly all. It was the production of masterly minds.

 

“ Now let me read a declaration made by our ancestors
in this town,—acted upon, fully discussed, and solemnly
adopted in town-meeting assembled.

“ T will read the preamble made and adopted Dec. 28,
1772, three and a half years prior to Mr. Jefferson’s Decla-
ration. I read from our town records (vol. 2, p. 166):

“© Ata legal meeting holden in York, Dec. 28, 1772, Joseph Simp-
son, Esq., was chosen Moderator.

“CT, Resolved, That as the Inhabitants of this Town are faithful
and loyal subjects of his most Gracious Majesty, King George the
third, they are well entitled to his most gracious favor, and to be
protected and secured not only in their natural and constitutional
rights as Englishmen, Christians, and subjects, but in all and every,
the Rights and Privileges contained in the Royal Charter of this
Province.

“69, Resolved, As the opinion of this Town, that divers of those
Rights, Liberties, and Privileges have been broken in upon and much
Infringed, to the Great Grievance of this Town and Justly alarming
to the Province.

“3, Resolved, That in the opinion of this Town, It is highly neces-
sary some just and reasonable measures be adopted for the Speedy
redress for such Grievances, so burthensome and distressing to us,
which if made known to our most Gracious Sovereign, we can’t but
flatter ourselves (as our cause is so just) that he will be pleased to
remove them,

“4, Voted, That our Representative at the General Court use his
utmost Endeavors and Influence for the Speedy Redress of our Griev-
ances, in such wise, moderate, and prudent way and manner as shall
appear to him most fit and likely to take effect, and as his Wisdom
and Judgment shall dictate.

“¢5, Voted, That the Clerk give out a Copy of the Proceedings of the
Town at this meeting to the Selectmen, who are desired to Transmit
the same to the Selectmen of Boston, with the Thanks of this Town
to that Town for the Early care they have taken of our Invaluable
Rights and the Zeal they have for preserving the same.

“«DaniEL Mocrtoy, Town Cler.’

“T will also read the body of our declaration, made Jan.
20 and 21, 1774,—two years five months and fourteen
days prior to Mr. Jefferson’s Declaration. I read from vol.
2, pages 169 and 172:

“At a meeting of the freeholders and other Inhabitants of the
Town of York, regularly assembled at the Town House, on Monday,
the 20th day of January, 1774,—

“The Hon. John Bradbury, Esq., was chosen moderator. The
Town immediately proceeded to choose a committee, namely, the Hon.
John Bradbury, Esq., Thomas Bragdon, Esq., Capt. Joseph Holt,
Capt. Daniel Bragdon, Capt. Edward Grow, Capt. John Stone, and
Mr. John Kingsbury, to consider in what manner the Town Senti-
ments may be best expressed on the present Important Crisis, and
make Report to this meeting upon the adjournment. Voted, this
meeting be adjourned to to-morrow, two of the clock, afternoon. Upon
the adjournment, viz., Tuesday, Jan. 21st, two o’clock, afternoon, The
said Committee Reported, which, with the amendments, is as follows:
The Committee appointed by the Town to consider in what manner
their Sentiments may be best expressed on the present Crisis beg leave
to Report:

“*], That the People in the British American Colonies, by their
Constitution of Government have a Right to Freedom and an Exemp-
tion from every Degree of Oppression and Slavery.

“¢2, That it is an Essential Right of Freemen to have the disposal
of their own Property, and not to be Taxed by any Power, over which
they can have no Control.

“«3, That the Parliamentary Duty Laid upon Teas, Landed in Amer-
ica, for the express purpose of raising a Revenue, is in Effect a Tax
upon the Americans without their consent.

“4, That the several Colonies and Provinces in America have ever
Recognized the Protestant Kings of Great Britain as their lawful Sov-
ereigns, and it doth not appear that any Parliament have been parties
to any Contract made with the American Settlers in this howling
Wilderness.

“5, That this Town approves the Constitutional Exertions and
TOWN OF YORK. 223

 

Struggles made by the opulent Colonies through the Continent, for
preventing so fatal a Catastrophe as is implied in Taxation without
Representation, and that we are, and always will be, ready in every
constitutional way to give all assistance in our Power to prevent so
dire a Calamity.

“¢6, That a dread of being Enslaved ourselvesand of Transmitting
the Chains to our Posterity, is the Principal Inducement to these
measures,

“67, Voted, That the sincere Thanks of this Town are justly due,
and hereby are given to all such Persons in this and the several
Provinces and Colonies on the American Continent; especially to our
Brethren of the Town of Boston, so far as they have Constitutionally
exerted themselves in the support of their Just Liberties and Privi-
leges. Which was read Paragraph by Paragraph and accepted, and
thereupon, Voted, that the Town Clerk Transmit a fair copy to the
Town Clerk of Boston; and then the meeting was dissolved.

“<“DaniEL Moutton, Jown Cler,’

“ And now I have this glorious old record in hand, I will
read the concluding portion of our declaration, clearly show-
ing what kind of men our ancestors were, who lived in the
troublous times just preceding the Revolution. I read from
volume 2, page 177, dated June 5, 1776, one month, lack-
ing one day, prior to Mr. Jefferson’s Declaration :

“¢At w meeting of the Freeholders and other Inhabitants of the
Town of York qualified to vote in Town-Meetings, regularly assem-
bled on Wednesday, the 5th day of June, 1776,—the Hon. John Brad-
bury, Esq., chosen Moderator.

“¢«Unanimously Voted, that the Representative of this Town, now
at the General Court, be advised: That if the Hon’ble Congress should,
for the safety of the Colonies, declare them Independent of the King-
dom of Great Britain, they, the said Inhabitants, will solemnly
engage with their Lives and Fortunes to support them in the measure.’

“You will observe copies of these resolves and votes
were directed to be sent to the provincial authorities of
Boston, ete. Now, if Mr. Thomas Jefferson had written
his Declaration in Boston (and who can say he did not ?),
some would be so ungenerous as almost to suspect that he
might possibly have had a peep at our declaration before he
wrote Ais.

“ Suppose Mr. Jefferson’s Declaration had preceded ours
a length of time as long as ours preceded his, what would
be said at this day? Would it not be said ours was copied
substantially from his? Who gave our ancestors the idea
of ‘taxation without representation’? Was it Mr. Jeffer-
son? How many in this then ‘ howling wilderness’ knew
much about Mr. Jefferson? Who gave him the same ex-
pressed ideas? did he obtain them from our ancestors ?
who knows? In justice to the noble patriot, Thomas Jef-
ferson, and to our noble ancestors, I will presume that the
spirit of liberty dictated to him and them the same ideas,
which found utterance in exact similarity of expression.

“Mr. President, I will detain you but little longer, as
this audience must be impatient to partake of more inter-
esting fare than that furnished by these dry statements of
mine.

“ Our ancestors were a set of noble men. The careful
study of their transactions, as spread out upon our early
records, shows they were men of no mean calibre.

“They acted and put themselves upon the record fear-
lessly. With them there was no circumlocution. No fawn-
ing to secure favor or position can be charged to them.
When they learned what was right, they went straight to
the mark, and did their known duty, fearlessly disregarding
consequences.

 

“ Of their sufferings and deprivations a volume might be
written. Would time permit, I could relate to you many
of these sufferings and deprivations. I could tell you of
many instances when the peaceful inhabitants of this vil-
lage were surprised by the wily Indians and inhumanly
murdered. I could relate to you incidents of the terrible
massacre of Feb. 5, 1602, when the Indians, at early dawn
of that terrible day, made an attack on this village, and he-
fore its inhabitants had partaken of their morning meal
upwards of one hundred and fifty of them were either killed
or made prisoners and carried away into captivity. I could
tell you that all the houses on the northeast side of our
river were burned, except the garrison-houses, some four
or five in number, and the old meeting-house in Mr. Lunt’s
field, to which many fled, and which they successfully de-
fended.

“ T could tell you the spot, some two miles from our vil-
lage, where the Indians left their snow-shoes, on which
they came to town. I could tell you the story of mothers
taken prisoners and carried away into captivity, with babes
at their breasts, and make the tale more vivid by telling
you of the fiendish manner in which these innocent babes
were disposed of, that the march of the captive mothers
might not be delayed.

‘IT could tell you the story of the death, on the 25th day
of January, 1692, of the Rev. Shubael Dummer, that very
good man, and probably the first Puritan minister in this
town of any note, who was shot dead by the Indians as
he was mounting his horse to pay his pastoral visit to the
people of his charge. I could show you the spot where he
lived, and where he fell in the presence of his terror-stricken
wife, who was taken at the same time by the savages and
carried away into captivity. I could tell you of the subse-
quent ransom of some of these captives at the expense of
the town, and who went after them and paid the ransom
demanded, and could tell you the story told by these cap-
tives, on their return, in relation to the cruelties of the
Indians during their terrible march through the trackless
wilderness. I could tell you much more, but cannot now.
Innumerable deprivations and sufferings were endured by
these noble pioneers, which nothing but eternity can un-
fold. And all these they suffered that they might and
that we may enjoy freedom of thought, freedom of opinion,
and freedom of action. And they succeeded. They laid
the foundations strong and deep on which we, their pro-
geny, can safely build a structure that will, if we are as
virtuous as they were, be imperishable. Let us be grateful
for the rich inheritance left by them to us. Let us emu-
late their example, revere their character, and endeavor to
repair the places left us by them, now waste and desolate.

“ But few monuments mark the spots where these, our
‘forefathers of the hamlet, sleep.’ Let us therefore keep
their memory grecn.

“ To the young I would especially appeal—to you of the
rising generation. Never suffer this house, which we this
evening dedicate, to go to decay! Make it your purpose
and determination to keep it always in good repair! We
whose heads are whitened with the snows of many winters
will not occupy it with you long. We give it to you in
charge as a sacred trust! See to it that no ruthless vandal
224 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

hand defaces or injures it! Consider it a legacy given you
by your ancestors, and I pray you, bring no disgrace on
their memory by suffering it to go to decay.

‘‘And when we whose race is nearly run sleep with our
forefathers, think of us (as we now think of them) as look-
ing kindly, propitiously, and lovingly down on every act of
yours which has in view those improvements necessary to
render a community prosperous, respectable, and happy.”

THE TOWN IN THE REVOLUTION.

The eminently patriotic resolutions adopted by the citi-
zens of York were cheerfully and ably sustained during
the conflict of arms. The news of the battle of Lexington
Early the next morning the in-
habitants gathered, enlisted a company of more than sixty
men, furnished them with arms and ammunition and knap-
sacks full of provisions, and, under command of Johnson
Moulton, marched fifteen miles that day on the road to
Boston, besides crossing the ferry at Portsmouth. This
town, according to Williamson, had the honor of putting
the first soldiers into the field from Maine. Capt. Moulton
continued in the service, and rose to lieutenant-colonel of
Scamman’s regiment ; and besides occupying other offices of
trust in the civil service, he became sheriff of the county.
His descendants are numerous, and respected residents of
the town.

Benjamin Simpson, of this town, assisted in the destruc-
tion of the tea in Boston, Dec. 16, 1773. He was then
an apprentice to a bricklayer, and nineteen years of age.
He was out during a portion of the time as a soldier, and
about 1790 removed to Saco. Moses Banks was a lieu-
tenant in the service ; first moved to Scarborough, after to
Saco, where he was known as a skillful surveyor and
draughtsman. He died 1825, aged ninety-two.

In the Provincial Congress in session from Oct. 7, 1774,
to July 19, 1775, Daniel Bragdon was chosen delegate
from this town.

The action the town took during the war may be ascer-
tained by reference to the town records. In 1775 a mili-
tary watch was ordered kept at night at the mouth of the
harbor. In 1776 the selectmen were empowered to dis-
pose of one of the cannon belonging to the town, for mili-
tary purposes. In 1777 a bounty of £6 was offered all
the militia of the town who would enlist in the army. In
1778, the proportion of shoes, stockings, and shirts for the
soldiers was voted to be purchased. The selectmen at the
commencement of the war were Dr. John Swett, Edward
Grow, Joseph Grant, Jeremiah Weare, and Samuel Harris.

There are but two garrison-houses now standing in town,
the McIntire and Junkins. The McIntire house has been
occupied as a dwelling for years, and until quite recently
by Mr. John McIntire, one of the wealthiest men in town.
It was built by his ancestors, who were early settlers in this
part, and, as the name indicates, were emigrants from Scot-
land, as were many of their neighbors. The Junkins house
is much out of repair and fast going to decay.

The French who had colonies in Canada and Nova Scotia,
and whose claims to territory conflicted with those of the
English, were considered by the settlers as inciters of hatred,
and fanners of the flame of Indian wars, from which they

arrived in the evening.

 

suffered so much. Therefore, when the expedition against
Louisbourg was set on foot in 1745, the people entered into
it with enthusiasm, and three full companies enlisted in it
from this town. The Rev. Samuel Moody went as chaplain,
and Dr, Alexander Bullman went as surgeon, and died
there.

The war of 1812-14 was not particularly popular; many
thought it unnecessary, and hence were not free to make
voluntary sacrifices for it. Yet the requirements of the
government were all met, and some engaged in the service

‘upon the northern frontier.

In the war of the Rebellion men and money were freely
given, and every quota promptly filled. The records of
her action as a town during the late fearful struggle for
national existence bears a favorable comparison with other
towns of like resources.

TOWN OFFICERS.

When the settlement was so nearly destroyed in 1692,
the town as well as church records were swept away, and
the first preserved town record now extant is of year
1695-96, in which Samuel Donnell, James Plaisted
Thomas Trafton, John Brawne, and Joseph Weare were
the selectmen. In 1698, Matthew Austin, Nathaniel Ram-
sey, Lewis Bane, Arthur Bragdon, Sr., and Samuel John-
son were selectmen ; James Plaisted, town clerk. In 1699,
James Plaisted, Arthur Bragdon, Daniel Black, Joseph
Banks, and Richard Millbery, selectmen; Abraham Pre-
ble, lot-layer and surveyor. In 1702 the selectmen were
Abraham Preble, James Plaisted, Lewis Bane, Joseph
Banks, and Samuel Came; James Plaisted, clerk. In
1714-15, Arthur Bragdon, Samuel Came, Richard Mill-
bery, Joseph Young, and Joseph Moulton were the select-
men.

Some of the first representatives to the “Great and
General Court,” at Boston, were Lieut. Abraham Preble,
1699 and 1709; Samuel Donnell, 1700; James Plaisted,
1701; Capt. Lewis Bane, 1705 and 1711; Lieut. Samuel
Came, 1716.

DISTINGUISHED MEN.

Besides the distinguished citizens of the town already
alluded to in the course of this sketch, the following are
deserving of mention :

The first settled minister, Rev. Shubael Dummer, who
was killed by the Indians in 1692, was born in Newbury,
Mass., Feb. 13, 1636. His father, Richard Dummer, was
born in 1599, in Bishopstokes, Hants, England, and came
to Roxbury, Mass., where he settled in 1632. Shubael
Dunmer was a pupil of Rev. Thomas Parker, of Newbury,
who fitted him for college. He graduated at Harvard in
1656, when twenty years of age. At the age of twenty-four
he became a preacher, and preached in Salisbury about two
years. He then came to York about 1662, and after
preaching here about ten years was ordained Dec. 13,
1672, and preached his own ordination sermon from the
text, ‘Return, O Lord! and visit this vine,” at which time
the first Congregational Church was organized.

His successor was the Rev. Samuel Moody, known by
the world-wide name of “ Father Moody.” Father Moody
was the son of Caleb Moody of Newbury, and was born
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Hon. Epwarp CHARLES Moopy, the subject of
this sketch, was born in York, Maine, Feb. 15, 1849.

He is the ninth generation from William Moody,
the American common ancestor, who emigrated from
Wales, England, to America in 1633, and perma-
nently settled in Newbury, Mass., in 1635.

Rev. Samuel Moody, widely known as “ Father
Moody,” was the grandson of William, above named,
and came to York in 1698, and was settled as its
minister in December, 1700.

Rev. Joseph Moody, the only son of Father Moody,
known as “ Handkerchief Moody,” was a graduate
of Harvard College; a man of great learning and
piety. His biography is given in the history of the
town of York, embraced in this volume. The farm
now occupied by the subject of this sketch was pur-
chased by Joseph Moody, a son of the Rev. Joseph,
and he is the fifth generation who has successively
occupied it. It is a beautiful situation, on elevated
land, about two-thirds of a mile from the Atlantic
Ocean, “Long Sands Bay” being directly in front
to the southeast, the whole of which, extending for
miles, is in full view. In summer this bay, white
with the sails of vessels and steamers plying their

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various vocations, presents an enchanting view.

In winter, during storms, when old ocean in his
angry mood lashes the shore, the view is majestic,
sublime.

Our subject inherits from his grandfather, Capt.
Charles Moody, a grandson of the last named, named
Capt. Charles Moody died April 1, 1871;

a man of strict integrity and great moral worth.

Joseph.

Our subject received a good common-school education
in his native town, and academical instruction at an
academy in the county. His official life has only
been the responsible one of “chief accountant’ at
Kittery Navy Yard, and the honorary one, as a
member of the Executive Council in this State.
He married, Aug. 3, 1870, Juliette, daughter of
Hon. Nathaniel G. Marshall, and has three children,
viz.: Sally B., born Sept. 2, 1872; Edna, born Aug.
31, 1874; and Edward Charles, born July 4, 1876.
An ancient curiosity, an old English clock, now stands
in the family mansion, which belonged to the grand-
mother of “ Father Moody,” and true to the use for
which it was designed, still correctly marks the flight
of time, although over two hundred and fifty years

old.
TOWN OF YORK. 225

 

there Jan. 4, 1675; graduated at Harvard College in 1697 ;
came to York, May 16, 1698; was ordained as the succes-
sor of Mr. Dummer, Dec. 20, 1700; and died here Nov.
13,1747. YWather Moody married, first, Hannah, daughter
of John Sewall of Newbury. The issue of this marriage
was Joseph Moody, born May 16, 1700, Mary Moody,
born Aug. 24, 1702, and Lucy Moody, born July 6, 1705,
and died the same day. Father Moody married, for his
second wife, Mrs. Ruth Newman, of Gloucester, in 1732.
By this marriage there was no issue.

Joseph, the first child of Father Moody, is reported to
have been an excellent scholar. He graduated at Harvard
College at the age of eighteen years, studied law, and com-
menced his profession in York. His popularity was so
great that he was elected to any and every office which he
would accept. He was appointed judge of the Court of
Common Pleas July 9, 1731. All these worldly honors
did not please Father Moody. He had made up his mind
that Joseph must become a minister and preach the gospel
to the people. With Father Moody to wish a thing done,
it must be done. Accordingly, he had the town divided
into two parishes in 1731, just as Joseph was beginning to
reach the high honors which his great ability merited. The
edict went forth from Father Moody that Joseph must re-
nounce all his worldly ambition and honors, and become
pastor of this newly-formed parish. Joseph obeyed, resigned
as judge, and moved some four miles into the interior of
the town, then almost a wilderness, and preached some six
years, when, believing his vocation to be one for which he
was not fitted, and that he had committed a great sin by
assuming the sacerdotal robes, became low-spirited and
gloomy, and closed his labors as a minister.

It was during this gloomy interval that he believed him-
self unfit to look upon the face of his fellow-men, and in
order to prevent this he wore over his face a dark cloth for
a long time; hence the name “ Handkerchief Moody,” by
which he became commonly known.

There is a tradition that his gloomy state of mind was
occasioned by his accidentally shooting a friend. The bet-
ter opinion, however, has always been that the trouble arose
from the idea he entertained that he had committed a great
sin in attempting to preach the gospel. After his resigna-
tion as pastor he recovered, and was a useful man for a
period of fifteen years, until his death, March 20, 1753,
aged nearly fifty-three years.

He married Lucy, daughter of John White, of Glouces-
ter, Mass., and had six children: Samuel, born April 18,
1726 ; John, born Feb. 27, 1728 (died in infancy) ; Joseph,
born July 13, 1729 ; Hannah, born Sept. 15, 1731 ; Thomas,
born Aug. 3, 1733; Lucy, born Feb. 13, 1736. From Jo-
seph and Thomas, the third and fifth of his children, have
proceeded a numerous race of that name.

Hon. N. G. Marshall, of York, to whom we are indebted
for the above facts, has in his possession a law-book used
by “ Handkerchief Moody,” printed in London in 1627.

We learn from a letter written by Judge Sewall to Chief
Justice Parsons, dated York, June 16, 1810, that Samuel
Moody, the oldest son of Joseph Moody and grandson of
the famous preacher, Father Moody, was educated through
the benevolent interest of Jeremiah Bragdon, of York.

29

 

He graduated at Harvard College in 1746, and, after leav-
ing college, taught the York grammar school several years.
He became a preacher, and preached acceptably for several
years; but, although he received several flattering invita-
tions to become a settled minister, he declined on account
of a natural diffidence and distrust of his abilities. His
great delight and peculiar gifts seemed to be in affording
instruction to others. His knowledge of the languages was
excelled by few, and his manner of communicating them to
his pupils surpassed by none. While he taught the gram-
mar school at York his fame in this respect had drawn
pupils from various quarters for the purpose of being fitted
for college. The late President Willard, Governor Strong,
Rev. Messrs. Tompson, Caton, and Smith were among his
pupils at York. At length the trustees of the donation of
Lieutenant-Governor Dummer, for perpetuating a grammar
school in that part of Newbury called Byfield, gave him an
invitation to take charge of the institution, which he ac-
cepted, and to which he removed about 1747; and his
brother Joseph and family soon after went and occupied
the mansion-house and farm given by Governor Dummer
for the support of the school. Here it was his peculiar
genius, inclination, and usefulness were united and became
conspicuous. His great aim in that department was to
make it answer the benevolent intention of its founder ; for
this purpose he was unwearied in increasing its funds and
raising the school to celebrity. His benevolent, disinter-
ested mind disdained any personal pecuniary emolument
while in that or, indeed, in any other situation. His whole
mind seemed to be drawn to benefit others and to make
the institution useful to the community ; and a large num-
ber of literary characters in the United States who received
the rudiments of their education in the Dummer Academy
can subscribe to the truth of this position.

“ After officiating about thirty years in that department,
his constitutional or hereditary gloom attacked him in such
a manner as incapacitated him to discharge its duties satis-
factorily, and he resigned the office and removed to York,
and resided with his brother Joseph until his death, which
happened suddenly and momentarily while on a visit to
Exeter, N. H. His remains were removed to York, where
a sermon was delivered by the Rev. John Tompson, of
Berwick, one of his pupils, to a large concourse of his
affectionate friends, connections, and acquaintances.””*

Col. Jeremiah Moulton was born in this town in 1685 ;
was taken prisoner by the Indians in 1692 when the town
was destroyed, and carried to Canada; marched with Capt.
Harmon and the 200 men to Norridgewock in 1724, and
destroyed the Indian village there, killing Father Rale
and twenty-six Indians; commanded a regiment at the
siege of Louisbourg in 1745; was afterwards sheriff, coun-
cilor, judge of Common Pleas, and probate. Besides these,
he filled various offices in town. He died July 20, 1765,
aged seventy-seven. His son and grandson were sheriffs
of the county.

Henry Sewall is said to have been the first emigrant from
whom all of the Sewall name are descended in this country.
He had a son John who settled in this town, and from him

 

* See Bench and Bar and Civil List of the county.
226 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

sprang the men who became noted. David Sewall was
born in 1735, graduated at Harvard 1755, and established
himself here in 1759. He was the second liberally-educated
resident lawyer in the State at that time. He was appointed
register of probate in 1766; associate judge of the Supreme
Court of Massachusetts in 1777, which he held twelve years.
Appointed by Washington judge of the United States Court
for the district of Maine, Sept. 26, 1789, which office he
held till 1818, when he resigned on account of the in-
firmities of age. For fourteen years he was president of
board of trustees of Bowdoin College. He was register of
probate nearly seventeen years, and judge forty-one. He
died in 1825, aged ninety. He left no family.

Daniel Sewall was born March 28, 1755 ; was appointed
register of prohate by Governor Hancock, March, 1783,
and held the office until 1820. In 1792 was appointed clerk
of the Court of Common Pleas; had been assistant clerk to
Timothy Frost eleven years. His contract with Mr. Frost
at first was to work for him from sun to sun for one shilling
per day. When the law of 1797 made clerks of Common
Pleas recording clerks of the Supreme Court he received that
appointment for York County, and held it, with exception
of 1811, till 1820. He was appointed postmaster of York
by Timothy Pickering in 1792, which he retained fifteen
years. In 1815 he removed to Kennebunk, where he died.

Wn. B. Sewall, son of Daniel, was born in York, Dec.
18, 1782; assisted Judge Bourne, of Kennebunk, in
preparing the Maine Register of 1820; published the
Register several years; was secretary of the Senate in
1822; moved to Kennebunk upon the death of his wife
in 1819, and assisted his father in the duties of his office ;
removed to Portland in 1823, and took charge of the
editorial department of the Advertiser ; returned to Ken-
nebunk in 1837, where he died a few years since.

Henry Sewall, oldest brother of Daniel, was born Oct.
24, 1752; joined the army at the age of twenty-three, and
served honorably through the Revolution, rising to the
rank of captain.

Wm. P. Preble was a native of this town. His father,
Esaias, was a captain in the Revolution, and a member of
the convention to ratify the constitution of Massachusetts,
Wm. P. was born in Scotland parish, Nov. 27,1783; fitted
for college under Rev. Roswell Messenger, then settled in
town, and for many years known as the blind preacher;
graduated at Harvard in 1806. Ranking high in mathe-
matics, he was appointed a tutor in that branch in 1809,
and retained the place two years. He studied law, and
first commenced practice in this town ; removed to Alfred,
and in 1811 was appointed county attorney; in 1813 he
removed to Saco, In 1814, President Madison appointed him
United States attorney for Maine. In 1818 he removed to
Portland, and in 1820 was made judge of the Superior
Court. He sat upon the bench till 1828. He was appointed
minister plenipotentiary to the Hague by President Jackson.
In 1844 he engaged zealously in the railroad interests of
the State, and was identified with the enterprise that had for
its object the connection of the waters of the Great Lakes
and the St. Lawrence by rail with the sea and Portland.*

 

* See Bench and Bar and Civil List of the county.

 

PHYSICIANS.

Next to ministers, physicians occupy a large portion of
regard in communities. Among those remembered as first
in town were Dr. Joseph Swett, Dr. Bennet, Dr. Job
Lyman, brother of the minister, Dr. J. Gilman, Josiah and
Jeremiah §, Putnam.

SURFACE AND SOIL.

The surface is quite broken, and along the sea-shore
rocky. Some valuable salt-marsh is found about Brave
Boat Harbor and on the York River above the post-road
bridge. Agamenticus Mountain in the north, from which
the town originally took its name, has an elevation of 680
feet, and is a noted landmark to mariners approaching the
coast. The United States Coast Survey erected an ob-
servatory upon its summit, from which one of the grandest
prospects in the country is obtained. There are two head-
lands, Cape Neddick and Bald Head, both objects of in-
terest from the massive blocks of rocks against which the
waves beat furiously during storms. At the extreme end
of Cape. Neddick is a small ledgy island called ‘the Nub-
ble,”’ barely separated from the mainland by a narrow rocky
channel, through which the tide rushes like a mountain
torrent; and yet a captain not long since, to show his skill,
ran his vessel through this passage without injury. Of
“the Nubble” is a celebrated ducking-ground of sports-
men, widely known as such in several States. The soil
along the York River is clayey and fertile, and some as fine
farms as can be found in the country are successfully cul-
tivated here. The other portions of the town are more
sterile, but, notwithstanding, some valuable farms have been
won by dint of great labor from the surrounding rocky
wastes. The apple flourishes well and bears bountifully —
so much so that Cider Hill has long been a name applied
to a section of the town. Here is shown an apple-tree yet
living which is said to have been brought from England in
a little tub or box by one of the early settlers more than
two hundred and thirty years ago. The land on which the
tree stood till recently was owned by Nathaniel Masterson,
who was marshal of the county when the authorities of
Massachusetts took possession, and was imprisoned by their
posse. He was slain by the Indians, together with all his
family except one little daughter, who was adopted by the
Youngs, and married into the family. Ever since that
event there has been a Masterson Young living in York.
Since the forests have disappeared agriculture has been
the leading pursuit, and corn, potatoes, and hay the prin-
cipal crops.

Latterly this town has occupied an isolated position,
though formerly it was on the great stage-route from Bos-
ton to Portland; but since the introduction of the railroad
era through travel was diverted to that channel, the nearest
station of which was seven miles away. Late years visitors
have been attracted by its beautiful scenery, sparkling sea
views, fine beaches, fishing, sporting, and boating advan-
tages; and boarding-houses have been crowded with guests
during the summer, giving life and gayety to the village so
full of interesting reminiscences of the olden time. A
railroad in contemplation, joining Portsmouth with Saco,
and passing through the intervening shore towns, will be,
 

 

 

g : as “RIVER AND INLAN
AND RIVER VIEW = Segoe oe Reke.

VIEW LOOKING N.W.
LOOKING 8.W.FROM HO FROM HOUSE

 

 

   

OCEAN AND

   

  

HARBOR VIEW, LOOKING S.E.FROM HOUSE. BATHING BEACH, LOOKING N.E.FROM

MARSHALL HOUSE-EDWARD S.MARSHALL Proraicron. f
YORK, YORK CO, ME.
TOWN OF YORK. 227

 

if completed, of immense advantage to this town, and place
it in connection with the great traveled thoroughfares of
this part of our country.

The first bridge across York River was constructed in
1761 by Maj. Samuel Sewall, of York, and was the most
noted structure at that time in all the country. Exclu-
sive of the abutments on the shores, this bridge was 270
feet in length and 25 feet wide, resting upon thirteen piers,
consisting of piles driven a sufficient depth into the bed of the
river to make the whole structure substantial. The entire
enterprise, including the method of driving the piles, was
a result of the inventive genius of Mr. Sewall, who was a
native of York. Mr. Sewall was afterwards employed to
engineer and construct the Charlestown bridge at Boston.

Deed of Town.—In 1684, Thomas Danforth, in behalf
of the Governor and Council of Massachusetts, deeded to
Maj. John Davis, Edward Rishworth, Capt. Job Alcock,
and Lieut. Abraham Preble, trustees in behalf of the town,
all land in town granted to it by Sir F. Gorges, thus giving
the town the right to dispose of the commons or ungranted
lands as it saw fit. The consideration was that each family
was to pay two or three shillings annually to Massachusetts.

Preservation of Timber.—To preserve timber from waste,
a vote was passed in 1717-18 that no more than six trees
of oak or pine be fallen at any one time before being worked
up, on penalty of ten shillings for each tree over the ahove-
mentioned number.

CHURCHES.

FIRST CONGREGATIONAL CHURCH.

The First Congregational Church of York is presumed to
have been organized as early as 1672 by the Rev. Shubael
Dummer.* From fragmentary records it is ascertained his
ministry with the people of York began in 1662. A record
of his ordination is preserved, which took place Dec. 13,
1672. He preached his own ordination sermon from the
passage, “ Return, O Lord, and visit this vine.’ The first
prayer was by the Rev. Mr. Moody, of Portsmouth, and the
charge by Rev. Mr. Phillips, of Rowley. Mr. Dummer
was born at Newbury, Mass., Feb. 17, 1636; was well and
carefully fitted for college by Rev. Thomas Parker, of that
town, and graduated at Harvard in 1656. Four years
after he became a preacher, and was admitted a freeman of
Massachusetts colony. He first preached at Salisbury, now
Amesbury, N. H., becoming their pastor May 31, 1660.
He married a Miss Rishworth, daughter of the celebrated
Edward Rishworth. Mr. Dummer’s ministry continued till
Jan. 25, 1692, when he was killed by the Indians at his
own door as he was mounting his horse. His wife was
taken captive at this time, with many of the inhabitants,
and the settlement nearly destroyed. For the six following
years the remaining settlers had little if any preaching.
Mr. Dummer’s successor was the Rev. Samuel Moody, the
“ Father Moody” of whom so many eccentricities are related.
He was born in Newbury, Mass., Jan. 4, 1675, and gradu-

 

* The following ministers preceded Mr. Dummer at York: Rev. Mr.
Thomson, born 1597, graduated Oxford, 1619, at York, 1634-86, Dor-
chester, 1636; George Burdett, 1636-40; Richard Gibson, 1641-42;
Joseph Hull, born 1549, at Weymouth, 1635, Isle of Shoals, 1639-40,
York, 1641 or 1642-59; Joseph Emerson, 1659-62 ; Josepli Hull again,

1662-65 (his death).

 

ated at Harvard, 1697. He came to York May 16, 1698,
and preached as a candidate till his ordination, Dec. 20,
1700. The people had not recovered from their losses by
the French and Indians in 1692, and were so poor that Mr.
Moody applied to the General Court of Massachusetts “ for
such an allowance for the last year, beginning May 18, 1698,
as to your wisdom and justice shall seem fit.” That body
allowed him £12 sterling. Mr. Moody’s ministry was
marked by the perils and agitations incident to wars with
the French and Indians, but the church prospered. At the
commencement of his pastorate the membership numbered
possibly a score ; at its close, 317. He received visits from
Whitefield, the great revivalist, upon both occasions of his
coming to America. On his last visit, in October, 1744,
Father Moody welcomed him thus: “Sir, you are first wel-
come to America; secondly, to New England; thirdly, to
all the faithful ministers of New England; fourthly, to-all
the good people in New England; fifthly, to all the good
people of York ; and sixthly, and lastly, to me, dear sir, less
than the least of all.” His sympathies were quickly touched
by the distress of others, and his power to relieve only lim-
ited by the emptiness of his purse. He was fearless to re-
buke those of his people who transgressed; powerful and
pointed, even to personalities, in the application of Bible
truths; strong in his faith in God’s promises and their
adaptation to the common wants of life. Forty-nine years
he was the religious guide of this people, closing his minis-
try by death, Nov. 13, 1747, aged seventy-two. When the
parsonage was destroyed by fire, in 1742, the church records
were burned with it, so that only an imperfect account of
the church can be given during his ministry. The next
pastor following Mr. Moody was Rev. Isaac Lyman, who
was ordained Dec. 20, 1749. He was a graduate of Yale,
of the class of 1747. He died March 12, 1810, having
completed sixty years of ministerial life, fifty of which were
without a colleague. During the latter years of Mr. Ly-
man’s life an assistant was required, and accordingly Roswell
Messenger was ordained Oct. 10, 1798. As a preacher he
was at first popular, but his moral life did not prove him a
worthy successor of those who had formerly ministered here,
and after considerable difficulty he was dismissed, June, 1813.
He graduated from Harvard, 1797. The church remained
destitute of stated preaching for about two years, when Rev.
Moses Dow, a graduate of Dartmouth in 1796, was installed
Nov. 9, 1815. His relation terminated Nov. 18, 1829, and
he was followed by Rev. Eber Carpenter, a graduate of Yale
of the class of 1825. Mr. Carpenter was ordained Feb.
17, 1830, and dismissed at his own request, Sept. 16, 1835.
The Rev. John Haven, a graduate of Amherst, of class of
1834, succeeded him, and was ordained Dec. 14, 1836;
dismissed, December, 1840. John L. Ashby, a graduate
of Amherst in 1837, commenced pastoral relations July,
1841, and was dismissed February, 1849. William J. New-
man, a graduate of Bowdoin, commenced a pastorate in July,
1849, but died March 5, 1850. John Smith succeeded as
pastor October, 1850; was dismissed March, 1855. Wil-
liam A. Patten followed as stated supply in April, 1855, and
remained till April, 1858. William W. Parker, as stated
supply, commenced his relations January, 1859, and closed
them December, 1860. Rufus M. Sawyer began his labors
228 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

as stated supply June, 1861, and remained till April, 1866.
John Parsons assumed pastoral relations October, 1866, and
left May, 1869. The Rev. Benjamin W. Pond commenced
his ministry May, 1870, and closed in August, 1873. Rev.
David B. Sewall, his successor, and the present pastor, com-
menced his ministry in the parish in December, 1873.
Membership, 92.

Who the first deacons of the church were cannot be as-
certained. Deacon John Harmon is spoken of in 1731, and
Deacon Joseph Holt in 1739. When the record of mem-
bership was commenced again in 1754, Joseph Holt, Samuel
Sewall, Abiel Goodwin, and John Bradbury were elders, and
Samuel Millbury, Jeremiah Bragdon, Joseph Simpson, Jr.,
and Jonathan Sayward were deacons. This church has
parish lands, rents, and a fund, the interest of which is to
be annually expended for the support of the ministry.

PARISH AND PARISH RECORDS.

In this connection it may be proper to speak of the
parish and its relation to the church. In the early settle-
ment of the country lands were granted and laid out in
the different towns for the support of a minister. These
lands were controlled by the town till the incorporation of
a parish, when they passed under the control of a body thus
organized, called a parish society. The warrant to hold a
meeting for the purpose of organizing was issued March 5,
1731, by William Pepperell, justice of the peace, and the
first parish meeting was held March 27, 1731, at which
John Harmon was moderator, and Jeremiah Moulton parish
clerk. It now assumed the responsibility of providing for
the minister’s salary and the care of the parish property.
Some of its action in this direction from time to time may
not be uninteresting. In 1732 it voted to purchase a slave
to be employed for Rev. Samuel Moody, and appointed
Samuel Came, Esq., Richard Millbury, and Joseph Holt
agents to make such purchase. At the same time it was
voted to hire a man to live with Mr. Moody till a slave
could be purchased. In 1734 it was again voted to hire a
man or buy a slave for that year, and £120 ordered raised
for that purpose. The parish assessor was instructed to
buy the slave and deliver him into the hands of Mr. Moody,
to be employed in his service during the pleasure of the
parish. In 1735 the assessor was ordered to take care of
the negro till the next parish meeting. At that meeting,
in March, 1736, he was empowered to dispose of the negro
to the best advantage, and, as far as the records show, this
ended the dealings of the parish in slaves. In 1739 it was
voted to employ a suitable person to teach school three
months, and to assist Mr. Moody in the pulpit when he
may need. Jn 1741, Mr. Moody’s consent was asked and
given to employ Mr. Daniel Emerson Butler, of Harvard
College, to assist three months or longer, as they shall agree,
and in 1742 it was voted to pay him £3 per week for the
three months’ service in the ministry, and 25s. per week to
Daniel Moulton for his board. The parsonage was burnt
March 30,1742, and in April following £500 was voted to
be raised to build a new one on or near the spot where the
other stood, and Samuel Sewall, John Sayward, Samuel
Millbury, Benjamin Stone, and Ralph Farnom were ap-
pointed a committee to erect the building. Early in this

 

year the parish expressed their assent that a bridge might be
built across York River at or near the ferry kept by Capt.
Sewall, and a committee was chosen to take subscriptions and
prepare materials to build said bridge. This committee con-
sisted of Capt. Nathaniel Donnell, Capt. Samuel Sewall,
Joseph Holt, Samuel Bragdon, Jr., Samuel Millbury, and
Thomas Donnell. At the same meeting a request was made
that selectmen lay out a road from the bridge crossing Meet-
ing-House Creek, to or near the ferry kept by Capt. Sewall.
At a subsequent meeting it was voted to add to the bridge
committee Samuel Came, Hsq., Jeremiah Moulton, Esq.,
Alexander Bulman, Esq., and Messrs. Richard Millbury,
Joseph Swett, Abiel Goodwin, Samuel Preble, Abel Moul-
ton, Samuel Clark, James Donnell, Henry Simpson, Nathan-
iel Whitney, Norton Woodbridge, Jeremiah Bragdon, Ralph
Farnom, Abraham Nowell, Joseph Main, and William Den-
ning. In 1744 repairs sufficient to make the meeting-house
comfortable in the winter were voted. In 1745, Jeremiah
Moulton, Esq., was chosen treasurer to receive funds raised
to build a new meeting-house, and Col. Nathaniel Donnell,
Capt. Samuel Sewall, Joseph Swett, Samuel Millbury, and
Abel Moulton were appointed a committee to provide ma-
terials. In 1747, Rev. Joseph Moody was voted £37 10s.
as a present for his services in assisting his father in public
performances on the Lord’s day. The building committee
remained as last year, except that Jeremiah Moulton (3d)
took the place of his father, who resigned, and Capt.
Samuel Sewall was excused. The old meeting-house was
ordered taken down, and what materials were suitable used
in construction of a new house. The pews were to be ap-
portioned upon a valuation of £5000, old tenor. The Rev.
Samuel Moody’s funeral expenses, amounting to £105 18s.
6d., were paid also. Forty pounds to Mrs. Moody, to en-
able her to go into mourning. Fifteen pounds to Rev.
Joseph Moody, the son, and £12 to Mrs. Emerson, of Mal-
den, the daughter of Mr. Moody, in addition to what they
have been allowed, to put themselves in mourning at their
discretion. Also the physicians’ bills of Drs. John Swett,
John Whitney, and Dr. Sargeant, for medicine and atten-
dance during the last illness of Mr. Moody, amounting to
£26 '7s., were ordered paid by the parish.

In 1749 the fortifications, consisting of a board garrison,
with substantial flankers on opposite corners, built around
the parsonage in 1744, was ordered taken down. A present
of £10 was made to Mr. Lyman, from parish stock each
year, from 1756 to 1760. In this latter year permission
was given Mr. Samuel Moody to erect, with the concur-
rence of Rev. Mr. Lyman, a building for the instruction
of youth, on the parsonage lands, and a lease was given
him during his natural life. In 1761, Mr. Lyman was
granted £20 over and above his settled salary. Madam
Moody, the relict of Rev. Samuel Moody, had provision made
for her support yearly, but, in view of her advanced age, she
was allowed, from 1761 to 1764, £5 additional each year.
In 1762, it was voted that Mr. Lyman receive annually,
during the pleasure of the parish, £33 6s. 8d., over and
above his stated salary, and the collection money taken
Sundays. In 1769, singing was permitted to the lower
floor, if persons occupying the designated pews should fit
them up at their own expense. Permission, with the con-
TOWN OF YORK. 229

 

sent of Mr. Lyman, was given Moses Safford, barber, and
Eliakim Grover, tailor, to erect shops upon parsonage land
for their occupations; they must be of same size, and six
or eight feet apart. During the war prices were enhanced
and the currency much depreciated. To meet this change
in valuations, the parish made grants from year to year,
over and above the minister's stated salary, till 1790. When
or by whom the first bell was procured, the records speak
not. A lightning-rod was first recommended and ordered
put up in 1792, The vote to establish a parish fund passed
in 1797. There was in the town treasury some £40 or
£50 belonging to the parish at this time, and it was pro-
posed to place this at interest, and at the end of each year
add it to the principal, with $30 additional raised in the
parish, till such time as the yearly interest would amount
to $250, when that might be used to support a Congrega-
tional minister in the First Parish of York. When the
capital sum or amount should reach $1500 or $2000, an
application should be made to the Legislature for an act of
incorporation. In 1798, Daniel Sewall, Col. Esaias Preble,
and Edward Emerson were chosen first trustees of the
parish fund. The bounds between First and Second Parish
are first noticed in transactions of 1799. Judge Sewall,
Samuel Sewall, and Edward Emerson, Jr., chosen trustees
of fund in 1803, for five years ensuing. The parish puid
the funeral expenses of Rev. Mr. Lyman, in 1810, and set
his grave-stones. During Mr. Messenger’s ministry the
first certificates of membership in other churches or so-
cieties were served upon the society by various persons to
exempt them from paying ministerial taxes in this parish.
The difficulties with Mr. Messenger culminated by his dis-
mission in 1813. The old court-house, built and occupied
before the recollection of any of the inhabitants then living,
had fallen into decay, and was unfit for use. In 1811, ar-
rangements were made to build the new one on this propo-
sition : the county was to appropriate from its treasury
$500, and the town $600, and the land was to be leased
the county during the time the building erected should be
used as a court-house, after which it should revert to the
owners. It was built on parish land. The use of the jail,
standing on parish land, was granted to the county in 1812,
for one hundred years or longer if needed. In 1825 the
State is leased a lot for the erection of a gun-house. In
1831, it was found that the parish fund, to which had been
joined $1655, called the * additional fund,” raised by sub-
scription, amounted to $4096. Mr. Carpenter, the min-
ister at this time, donated $100 of his salary towards mak-
ing up the amount. Hereafter the income of this fund
could be used for the support of the ministry. In 1837,
the new burying-ground, as it is called, was located, and
enlarged in 1859, and again enlarged in 1870. In 1851
the parish granted permission to erect sheds on parsonage
land in rear of court-house. In 1861 the vestry was ac-
cepted, and a new parsonage built. The reversionary in-
terest in property in Hallowell, left the parish by will of
John Sewall, was sold in 1863. In 1870, by will of the
late Bulkley Donnell, of York, a legacy was bequeathed
the parish of $1508.49, the income only of which could
be used as the income of parish fund is used. This is to
constitute a fund by itself, and be called the Donnell fund.

 

SECOND CONGREGATIONAL CHURCH.

In the year 1730 a second Congregational parish was in-
corporated in the northwestern part of the town. As it
had been settled by Scotch emigrants, it was called Scot-
land. In 1732 a church was organized here, and Rev.
Joseph Moody invited to take charge of it. He was a son
of Rev. Samuel Moody, of the First Parish; was born in
1700, graduated with the honors of Harvard in 1718, and
for fourteen years was very active and useful in various
civil capacities,—as clerk of the town, register of deeds for
the county, and judge of the county court. Yielding to
the often-expressed desires of his father and the earnest
solicitations of the Second Church and society of York, he
resigned his civil offices, and was ordained pastor of it Nov.
29,1739. The importance and responsibility of this new
trust weighed so heavily upon his mind that after a short
time he became gloomy and singularly disordered in his
views, and ceased from his public labors. His people
waited patiently for his recovery, but, no prospect of it ap-
pearing, the pastoral relation was dissolved August, 1741.
Jan. 20, 1742, the Rev. Samuel Chandler was ordained,
and his pastorate continued till 1752, when he was dis-
missed by mutual consent. Their third pastor was Rev.
Samuel Lankton. He had been preaching in Connecticut,
and had received a call to settle, but his health was feeble,
and, traveling to regain it, happened to lodge at the house
of Rev. Mr. Lyman, in the First Parish. Through him he
learned of the vacancy in the Second Parish, and was urged
to visit that people and preach them a lecture. He con-
sented to do so, and the people earnestly desired him to
remain with them, and he was ordained pastor July 3,
1754, and continued with them in that relation more than
forty years. He died suddenly, December, 1794, of bleed-
ing at the lungs. He was an accurate scholar, a close
student, and a devout and exemplary Christian and a
highly-useful pastor. An interval of three years followed,
in which there was no regular occupant of the pulpit.
Aug. 22, 1798, Rev. Isaac Briggs was ordained, and re-
mained pastor till his dismission, July 4, 1805. From that
time till the ordination of Rev. Thomas W. Duncan, Nov.
9, 1825, they were destitute of a stated paster. The church
had become so feeble in numbers at this time as to count
but eleven members. Mr. Duncan was dismissed April
28, 1830, and nearly four years passed without a settled
minister, till Dec. 3, 1834, when Rev. Clement Parker was
installed. He remained about four years, being dismissed
May 11, 1838. He was followed by the installation of
Rev. Samuel Stone, Dec. 19, 1838, who was dismissed
Jan. 1, 1844. A year succeeded without a pastor, and Jan.
15, 1845, Rev. Morris Holman was ordained. He was dis-
missed July 7, 1858. From Dec. 1, 1858, to May 15,
1859, John M. C. Bartley became stated supply, followed by
Samuel H. Partridge, stated supply, from May 22, 1859, to
the fall of 1868. The Rev. Joseph Freeman, stated sup-
ply, commenced his labors there Aug. 1, 1869. The first
meeting-house stood in a field of Mr. John McIntire, near
the dwelling of Deacon Wm. Moody. The present house
was built on a new site in 1834, and dedicated December
2d of that year.
230 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

CHRISTIAN CHURCHES.

The York Christian Church was organized May 13, 1808,
by Elder Elias Smith, at the dwelling-house of John Ten-
ney, with a membership of 10 persons.

Peter Young was ordained the first pastor, September,
1808, in the open air, in the orchard of Mr. Tenney. Sept.
4, 1809, Moses Safford preached for this people, followed
by Mark Fernald, May 24, 1818. Elder Peter Young
again commenced a ministry with the church June 29,
1829. In December, 1836, Elder Robinson remained one
year, and Jan. 10, 1839, Abner Hall was ordained pastor.
Stephen R. Bickford began his ministry October, 1842.
Elder Bartlett preached from May, 1846, to May, 1849;
was absent one year, and in May, 1850, commenced his
labors, and continued till October, 1851. From the spring
of 1852 to 1853, P. L. Beverly supplied. May 4, 1853,
Elder Charles E. Goodwin began his pastorate, and was
followed by Rev. Hezekiah Short. The church has at this
time a membership of 130, and is in a flourishing condition.
By will of the late Mr. Bulkley Donnell, of York, a legacy
of $316 was left this church, the interest only of which
can be used for the support of the society. Jeremiah
Donnell, David Moulton, and Daniel B. Harris were ap-
pointed the first trustees of this legacy. Its deacons are
Jeremiah Donnell and Wm. J. Moulton.

THE CHRISTIAN SOCIETY OF YORK AND KITTERY
was organized June 9, 1866. The Rev. Joel Wilson began
labors among this people about this time, preaching to them
in the school-house. A church of 23 members was gathered,
a neat edifice for worship erected in the latter part of 1866
and forepart of 1867, costing $3200, and dedicated Feb.
21, 1867. The bell was presented the society by the Hon.
Ichabod Washburne, of Worcester, Mass., and hung Oct.
26, 1867. Mr. Wilson has continued their pastor from the
organization to the present. Their first deacon, Henry
Grover. Present membership, 29.

BAPTISTS.

The First Baptist Church of Cape Neddick was organized
Aug. 20, 1829, with 12 members,—5 males and 7 females,
—by Rev. Oliver Barron. A few members of the Baptist
Church at South Berwick had resided here for years. HEl-
der Nathaniel Lord preached one sermon here at the house
of Jeremiah Weare in 1780, but so much opposition was
manifested that efforts to introduce Baptist sentiments were
discontinued for nearly twenty-three years. After sach an
interval, Elder W. Batchelder delivered a lecture in an or-
chard owned by David Webber, which awakened attention,
and nearly 50 souls were converted in a short time, a part
of whom united with the Baptist Church at South Berwick.
While holding connection with this church they were
favored with occasional preaching by several ministers,
among whom were Elders Andrew Sherburne and Joshua
Chase. The meeting-house was erected in 1823 by union
efforts of Baptists and Methodists, and when completed
there came an unpleasant struggle as to ownership and
supply of preacher. Mr. Barron commenced preaching in
May, 1829, and continued for the space of about three
years a successful and accepted minister to this people; and

 

at his dismission the membership had increased to 24. May
29, 1830, the church joined the York Association. Its
representatives on this occasion were Rev. O. Barron, Deacon
Cotton Chase, and Daniel Norton. The Rev. John Haines
preached half the time in 1832, and Joseph Ames, a licen-
tiate, occasionally in 1833. The Rev. Clark Sibley was
installed into the pastoral office Jan. 9, 1834, and remained
three years. Noah Hooper, Jr.,.a student at Newton Theo-
logical Institution, supplied several weeks, followed by Rev.
Daniel McMaster for nearly a year, till April 15, 1838,
when Rev. Gideon Cook commenced labors as minister of
the church, and remained three years. During his min-
istry 25 members were dismissed to form a church in Wells,
Mr. Cook resigned his pastorate April 12, 1841, and was
succeeded July 4th, of the same year, by Rev. Isaac Mer-
rill. In 1842 the church voted to employ L. L. Tripp.
The membership at this time had increased to 66. Rev.
G. Cook returned Nov. 9, 1843, and was dismissed March
4, 1847. July 1, 1847, Rev. B. Pease commenced his
ministry, and remained till Oct. 2, 1851. Rev. 8. F. Ken-
dall followed, Aug. 29, 1852, and was dismissed July 2,
1854. Dec. 15, 1854, Elder John Hubbard commenced
his ministry. Rev. A. E. Edwards became pastor Oct. 28,
1858, and was dismissed April 4, 1861. B. F. Lawrence
accepted a call Jan. 5, 1862, and was ordained May 22d,
following ; resigned Jan. 8, 1865. C. P. Bartlett accepted
a call April 16, 1865, and commenced his pastorate May
6th; resigned April 28, 1866. The Rev. J. M. Mace filled
the unexpired year of 1866, and remained till 1870. The
Rev. J. A. Tooker supplied for 1871. His successor was
Rev. George M. Payne. Cotton Chase became the first
deacon, lived a long and useful life in the church, and died
May 10,1842. Other deacons have been Jonathan Talpey,
Samuel Webber, Oliver Boston, and Oliver Norton.

METHODIST CHURCHES.

Some years previous to 1829, Methodist preachers had
filled appointments in York. In November of this year a
class was formed, consisting of 73 members, by the preach-
ers on the circuit, J. Spaulding and Gershom F. Cox.
Meetings were held sometimes at school-houses, and at others
at private houses about the neighborhood. Feb. 28, 1831,
they were incorporated into a legal society. As they grew
in strength efforts were made towards building a meeting-
house. A proposition to lease a piece of ground of First
Parish for that purpose was made to that society, but re-
jected. The judicial court was removed from York in
1833, and the use of the court-house reverted to the First
Parish. Ata parish meeting in this year the use of the

-court-house was granted to the Methodists on the Sabbath

for four months, provided “they do not disturb the peace or
interrupt any other religious meetings,” the temperance
society having the privilege of holding meetings there Sab-
bath evenings whenever they may order or direct. A piece
of land was finally purchased, and the present church build-
ing raised Aug. 30 and 31, 1833. Oct. 15, 1834, it was
dedicated by Rev. G. F. Cox ; text, Daniel ii. 44. From
that time to the present Methodist services have been sus-
tained here. The Rev. D. B. Randall is their present sta-
tioned minister. Membership, 90. They have a neat church
 

 

 

ee eee TO

 

 

 

 
TOWN OF YORK. 231

building and a comfortable parsonage. The estimated value
of both is $4900.

A METHODIST SOCIETY

was formed at Cape Neddick school-house, May 18, 1822,
consisting of John Norton, Moses Brewster, Henry Tal-
pey, George Phillips, Oliver Preble, Jonathan Talpey,
Timothy Ramsdell, Richard Talpey, Obadiah Stone, Samuel
Welsh, Hannah Clark, and George Norton, and a certificate
served on clerk of First Parish of the above-named fact in
order to exempt from payment of ministerial tax to said
parish ; but there is no record that this society was ever
embodied in a church or had an existence as a distinct
society any great length of time. They united with the
Baptists in building the meeting-house in 1823, and in the
differences that arose as to the control of it they probably
went to pieces, and some of their members united with the
Baptists. Of the Baptist Church of Cape Neddick, Rev.
Henry Stetson is the present pastor.

THE METHODIST CHURCH

of Scotland was probably gathered about 1830. In this
year Conference sent Rev. George Webber to preach to the
people in this section. Meetings were held in the school-
house, and some religious interest aroused. The meeting-
house was built in 1833. Owing to the weakness of the
society, preaching has not been continuously sustained.

MANUFACTURES.

The manufactures are small and insignificant, and have
never to any great extent occupied the attention of the
people. Chase’s woolen-mill, at the outlet of Chase’s Pond
(J. Chase & Son), turns out a limited amount of flannel.
Numerous saw- and shingle-mills cut considerable quanti-
ties of lumber. Step-ladders, etc., are turned out by H.
Moulton & Co.; and the York Brick Company on the York
River make an excellent quality of brick, which find ready
sale in Boston market. D. Sewall & Co., doors, sash, and
blinds; George Roberts, J. K. Plaisted, carriages ; William
G. Moulton & Son, carriages and machinery.

SCHOOLS.

The first recorded action taken in regard to schovls was
in 1701, when Nathaniel Freeman was employed by the
selectmen for £8 per year, with 3d. per week for teaching
reading, and 4d. per week for writing and ciphering. His
year began May 5th. The next year he was engaged for
£10, with same price for other branches as he had the
previous year. In the year 1709-10 the selectmen were
instructed by vote of the town to hire a schoolmaster for
seven years, to teach all in the town to read, write, and
cipher. ‘The next year Nathaniel Freeman was engaged for
the term of years mentioned. He was to teach from eight
A.M. to twelve M., and from one to five P.M. for £30 per year,
paid quarterly, one-third in provisions and balance in money
of New England. In addition the town was to build him a
house 22 by 18, with a brick chimney.
be free to all from five years old and upwards.

The school was to
In 1717 a
vote passed for the employment of a grand schoolmaster for
one year, to instruct the children in the learned things, who

 

was to be paid and subsisted at town expense. Kindred
action was taken from time to time, showing the inhabitants
were not indifferent to the benefits of an education. The
last report of the State superintendent presents the field
and common school interests thus: Number of districts, 15;
graded school, 1; number of houses, 15, estimated value,
$5000; number of children between the ages of 4 and 21,
895 ; average attendance, 4293; average length of summer
terms, 66 days; average length of winter terms, 604 days ;
number of teachers employed, 15; amount of money voted,
$2800; amount raised per scholar, $3.10; male teachers
employed in winter, 11; average wages per month, $35;
females employed in winter, 3; summer, 15; average wages
per week, $5.

 

BIOGRAPHICAL

GEORGE DONNELL,

sixth child and fourth gon, in a family of nine children, of
John and Deborah (Dunning) Donnell, was born in the
town of York, York Co., Me., March 12, 1810.

His father, John, was the son of Nathaniel, who was
the son of Nathaniel, son of Thomas, who was the son of
Henry, the original settler of the Donnell family in Maine.

SKETCHES.

 

GEORGE DONNELL.

The farm upon which Mr. Donnell resides has been in
the family for about two hundred years, and the buildings
on it were erected by his great-grandfather.

George Donnell had limited opportunities for an educa-
tion from books; his father being a seafaring man, he spent
his early life fishing and coasting, and has spent most of his
manhood on the sea. He married, July 2, 1861, Carrie H.,
daughter of Joseph S. Simpson, of York. They have no
children. In politics he is a Republican. He has been for
many years a member of the Methodist Church. Is a man
of correct habits, and of high moral worth as a citizen.
232 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

JAMES A. BRAGDON,

of English descent, was born in York, Dec. 24, 1824,—a
descendant of Arthur Bragdon, who was an alderman in
1641, when York was a city called Gorgeana; one of the
selectmen of York in 1648, and who signed the submission
to Massachusetts in 1652. Arthur had sons Thomas,
Arthur, and Samuel, all of whom had land granted them
in 1666. Thomas had a son Arthur, born about 1668,
who married Sarah, daughter of Arthur Came, and had a
son Thomas, born Feb. 20, 1703, who married Mary,
the daughter of Samuel Came, and had a son Daniel, born
Aug. 25, 1740, who married Hannah, the daughter of
John Parsons. Daniel had a son Elihu, born May 3,
1767, who married Abigail, daughter of Cotton Bradbury,
and had a son James, born Oct. 9, 1789, who married
Maria, daughter of David Baker.

James was the father of the subject of this sketch, and
one of six children born in the following order : Catharine,
Louisa, Sophia B., James A., Abbie M., and Joseph D.

Nearly all the foregoing have been officially interested in
the affairs of the town. Arthur was selectman for several
years, besides having other important trusts. The second

 

Thomas was selectman every year from 1734 to 1773, ex-
cepting the years 1748 and 1758, and during the same
period was elected representative to the Legislature thir-
teen times. Elihu was also selectman for several years, and
several times elected as representative to the Legislature.
James, the son of Elihu, was also selectman, sheriff, jailer,
and representative elect to the Legislature at the time of
his death, Nov. 6, 1831.

The subject of this sketch was married, June 9, 1870, to
Hannah, daughter of Joseph and Hannah (Leavitt) Preble ;
is a farmer by occupation, and now lives upon the premises
occupied by Arthur, the original ancestor. He holds the
office of justice of the peace, has been elected representa-
tive to the Legislature, was elected selectman in the year
1876, and continues in office to this date (1880). He has
always sustained a high reputation for honesty, candor, and
integrity. He is of the eighth generation from Arthur, the
ancestor above named. His children are as follows:

(1) Joseph P. Bragdon, born July 5, 1811; (2) James
E. Bragdon, born Dec. 16, 1873; (3) Marion A. Bragdon,
born Dec. 2,1875; (4) Arthur E. Bragdon, born May 21,
1879.

 

KENNEHBUN K.

 

INCORPORATION AND BOUNDARIES.

THE town of Kennebunk was taken from Wells in 1820.
Its boundaries, as defined by act of the first Legislature of
Maine, are as follows:

“ Beginning at the sea at the mouth of Little River,
thence running up the middle of said river to the middle of
the Branch River, thence up the middle of said Branch
River to the line between said Wells and Sanford.” This
territory then contained 2145 inhabitants. At the first
meeting, August 14th, Benjamin Titcomb, Jr., Timothy
Frost, and James Dorrance were chosen selectmen, Timothy
Frost town clerk, and Joseph Moody treasurer.

SOIL AND PRODUCTS.

The soil of Kennebunk is of the most varied qualities
which mark the surface of the State. In some portions it is
very good; in others, sandy; in others, of little worth for
culture, But still there are but few acres of it where tem-
perance, industry, and perseverance will not cause it to yield
a comfortable support for man and beast. In the last century
farmers gave their exertions to the raising of corn, and sel-
dom failed to receive an encouraging return for their labors.
But of later years many of them have looked to the West
to supply their needs in this respect. A great deal of flax
was also raised; but these products of the land have ceased
to be relied upon for income. Hay and potatoes absorb
most of the attention of the farmers.

 

EARLY HISTORY.

The early history of this town, as well as that of Wells,
in which it was included till 1820, has been elaborately
written by the late judge, Hon. E E. Bourne, whose work
is not only our authority in the preparation of the following
sketch, but the source from which we have liberally drawn,
often using the language, as well as the facts, of the author.
The history of Wells being given in its appropriate place,
we have endeavored to sift out of Judge Bourne’s work that
which relates exclusively to Kennebunk. In some partic-
ulars the latter was not the scene of such terrible devasta-
tions in the early wars as came over the older part of the
town. Kennebunk can hardly be considered as settled till
the principal Indian wars were ended. hough mills were
erected on the Mousam River in 1670, they were then
almost the only monuments of civilization on the whole ter-
ritory ; and, as was the fate of many of the buildings in the
inhabited part of the town of Wells, these mills became a
prey to the ravages of the red men in the second war, so
that Kennebunk, with the exception of one or two houses
by the beach, was an entire wilderness. There was little
opportunity here for the firebrand or the tomahawk.

In 1718 a permanent settlement was commenced on the
banks of the Mousam. William Larrabee was the pioneer
in this enterprise. Soon he had four or five companions,
who built their houses near him. A few years afterwards
a house was built on Great Hill, and two or three houses
at what was called the Landing.
TOWN OF KENNEBUNK.

233

 

Mr, Larrabee had been one of the most energetic and
fearless defenders of the old town during the war. March
30, 1706, he married Catharine Adams. His house, which
he built in 1714, stood on the point of land about forty
rods below the Roundabout, on the castern side of the river.
It was a small tenement, built of timber. The same year
John Look built a house a short distance below Larrabee’s,
and the year following Thomas Wormwood built a house
about forty rods farther down. These two last were garri-
soned houses, surrounded by palisades of large timber as
high as the eaves, with sufficient space to carry on work
inside. The palisades were erected a few years after the
houses were built, when a renewal of Indian hostilities was
apprehended. The Harding House, which stood near the
beach, and although a one-story building, was a famous pub-
lic-house for the entertainment of travelers and seamen who
came into the river in coasters, was palisaded in the same
manner. This house was taken down more than a hundred
years ago, and nothing but the old cellar remains.

| A few years after Larrabee located on the Mousam others

{ took up land below him, near the sea, in the vicinity of

| public travel. John Webber built a small house in 1721,
and about the same time Richard Boothby built a house on
the Robert S. Smith place. A house was also built on what
has since been called Gillespie’s Point, originally Great
Neck, afterwards called Grandfather’s Neck, from Ephraim,
otherwise ‘“ Grandfather,” Poke, who married Miss Marga-
ret McLellan in 1731. He and his horse were subsequently
drowned in attempting to cross the river when the tide was
higher than he supposed. The Neck was occupied by
Nathaniel Spinney, and then by John Gillespie, from whom
it took its last name.

A saw-mill was built upon Gooch’s Creek in 1718, timber

, then being very abundant in the immediate vicinity, and

; vessels came up near the mill to take away the lumber. The
selling of timber, however, was much more lucrative, and in
about ten years the mill was abandoned. These were all
the buildings in‘what is now Kennebunk previous to the
fourth, or Lovell’s Indian war. Before 1717 no particular
designation had been given to the land lying between the
Mousam and Kennebunk Rivers; but from about that time
the name of Kennebunk was applied to it, there being upon
it a sufficient number of houses to render a distinction be-
tween it and Wells village necessary.

In 1715, when the selectmen of Wells were using their
endeavors to obtain a schoolmaster, “ Kennebunk was not
sufficiently settled to be noticed as a material part of the
town. Not more than five or six families lived within what
are its present limits.”

In addition to the Indian wars, the doubts which existed
as to the title to lands were a serious impediment to early
settlement. The part of the town lying between the Ken-
nebunk and Mousam Rivers was held by Daniel and Simon
Eppes, respectively, of Salem and Ipswich, by virtue of an
Indian deed made to John and Robert Wadley in 1659.
On receipt of the notice that the Messrs. Eppes intended
to prosecute their claims, a town-meeting was called Sept.
14, 1819, “then and there to adjutate and debate what
may be done in that matter concerning Maj. Eppes laying
claim to the land lying between Kennebunk River and

30

 

Little River.” The claim was adjusted by the people of
the town giving to the Eppes’ a grant of a mile square
between the Mousam and Kennebunk Rivers, and to John
Wadley a grant of 200 acres adjoining that of Eppes.

Tn 1720 an accession was made to the population of the
town by the immigration and settlement of several persons
from Ireland. Some of these were ancestors of valuable
citizens now living in the town. Thomas Boothby, Henry
Boothby, and William Jepson, came from Magwater; An-
drew and George Simington, from Strabarre; Thomas
Gilpatrick and Robert Page, from Donaghadee; John
Ross, from Sligo; and Bryce McLellan, from Ballymena.
They brought wives and families with them. Anne Weer
came also as one of the company. ‘These all became good
and valuable citizens.

SERGEANT LARRABEE’S GARRISON.

In Judge Bourne’s history will be found an interesting
cut of this structure. It was built by Sergt. Stephen Lar-
rabee, as a protection for the settlers in Kennebunk during
the fourth Indian war. Sergt. Larrabee was the son of
William Larrabee, a brave and resolute man, who had been
bred to danger, and when necessary could look it fairly in
the face. At the outbreak of the war he saw the necessity
of preparing for those Indian raids which so often came
suddenly and unexpectedly upon the settlements; of pro-
tecting the few who were pioneers with him in the wilder-
ness; and of providing a refuge for others who might be
driven from their homes to the eastward. He, therefore,
planned a grand fort on the Mousam River, the “ upper
road” having been laid out that way to Saco. He built a
garrison covering an acre of ground, constructing it of
timber, which was then abundant close at hand. The walls
were about 14 feet high, of large, square timber, set in the
form of a parallelogram, fronting southeast, or down the
river. On the four corners were four flankers, so project-
ing that the persons within might have a view of the ope-
rations going on without on the side and one end of the
fort. They were in an angular shape, with a kind of port-
hole in the angle, but not sufficiently large for a person to
enter. There was also on the lower side a large flanker in
the fashion of a portico, though built, as were the others,
6 feet from the ground, so that one could pass directly under
it. There were three gates, one at each end, and one on the
side of the fort flanker. Within the walls were five houses.
That of Sergt. Larrabee was very large, wide, and of one
story, and stood in the corner of the fort; in the north
corner was the house of Edward Evans; in the eastern,
that of Ebenezer Bayridge; the other two—one at the
western, the other at the southern end—were occupied by
Nathan Morrison and the soldiers stationed there under his
command, and by those who found refuge there from the
neighborhood in cases of alarm, or when Indians were
known to be in the vicinity. All the houses were of one
story, and had what were called “ block-windows,” or square
holes to let in the air and light.

At the northeastern end of the garrison was the house of
Samuel and Anthony Littlefield, built of logs, the same
house which had been erected and occupied by William
Larrabee.
234 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

It is said that in this fort, exclusive of the dwelling-
houses, there were used 13,000 cubic feet of timber,—a
great work, certainly, for the small number of men en-
gaged in it. Within its walls were frequently gathered
all the inhabitants in the early days of Kennebunk, to-
gether with refugees driven thither by the terrible exigen-
cies of Indian war,—in all, sometimes, over two hundred
souls.

For an account of the Indian troubles at this period we
must refer the reader to the chapters on that subject in our
general history. We may add here that William Worm-
wood, who was killed by the Indians in 1724, was the son
of Thomas Wormwood, who lived at the Larrabee village
on the Mousam River, and whose descendants are still
living in Kennebunk.

In 1748, during the French war, an attempt was made
to surprise Larrabee’s garrison, at a time when fears of an
invasion were somewhat allayed. A dark, stormy night
was chosen for the purpose, by Wawa, the chief, who was
acquainted with every part of the garrison and knew how to
effect an entrance. As soon as it was dark, the Indians
crept up and lay down under a cart, which stood a few
feet from the wall, intending to wait till after all had gone
to sleep, when they would scale the walls and gain posses-
sion by stealth, and then murder the unsuspecting inmates.
But the keen eye of Sergt. Larrabee discovered unusual
objects under the cart, and bringing his large gun to bear,
loaded heavily with buckshot, effected a sudden scattering
of the foe, whom the flash of the gun revealed more clearly,
and whose discomfiture was indicated by traces of blood seen
next morning about the cart, and in several places near it.

Wawa, himself, afterwards acknowledged that the effectual
admonition there received deterred him from any further
attempt to surprise the garrison.

In 1750, when Kennebunk was formed into the Second
Parish, the inhabitants were living between the site of the

~~ present village and the sea, in the vicinity of the Littlefield
Mills. The territory which the village now covers was
almost an entire wilderness. The western side of the river
had scarcely been touched by the hand of man. Fora few
~ years after the Sayward mill was built, the axe of the lum-
berman had unrestrained liberty in its vicinity, and many
of the magnificent pines, which had seen the years of a
century, fell before it, till the Indian wars stayed its de-
structive action. A new growth had sprung up along the
banks of the Mousam, so that now, apparently, the forest
had been untouched. A small house built by Thomas
Cousens was standing on the westerly corner of the home-
stead of Dr. N. EH. Smart. Another, built by Jedediah
Wakefield, stood on the northerly side of the old road, a
short distance beyond the house of John Curtis. John
Wakefield, Jr., had built a third house on the place of Miss
Elizabeth W. Hatch. The fourth house, built by Ichabod
Cousens, son of Thomas, stood in the field on the site of the
old factory barn. The last named was a rude cabin, with-
out glass windows. It had a sort of flanker attached to it,
and in time of alarm one soldier was stationed here by gov-
ernment. At this time, what was subsequently known as
the “old saw-mill,” was standing, six or eight rods above
the bridge; the privilege, having been occupied for nearly

 

“half a century, came into the hands of John Storer, by

whom it was rebuilt in 1730.

From a letter of Hon. Hugh McLellan, now in possession
of Mr. John C. Baker, of the Mousam House, it appears that
there was a tavern kept on, or not far from, the site of the
present hotel, at which troops on their way to join the
Louisbourg expedition stopped for entertainment. This was
in 1745. The hotel now on the spot is a very old building,
but probably not the one then standing, nor do we know
that any trace of the first hotel is known to any one now
living. No mention is made of it by Judge Bourne, and
we rest the fact solely upon the authority of Mr. McLellan’s
letter, which we think furnishes unquestionable evidence
that such a tavern existed here at the date referred to.

On the eastern side of the Kennebunk River stood the
house of Richard Kimball, on the site of the brick resi-
dence of Aaron Ricker. It was a two-story building, fin-
ished as a garrison-house, at which was stationed one soldier.
Kimball kept a small stock for trade, and was the first mer-
chant in Kennebunk. Next beyond this was the house of
Nathaniel Kimball, on the Edward Haney place; to the

- westward lived Thomas Kimball, on the place of the late

Isaac Peabody ; and a few rods northward was the house of
Samuel Shackley. John Gilpatrick had a house on the
eastern side of the road, near the Owen H. Burnham place.
On Kennebunk River, just below the bridge, was the Lit-
tlefield saw-mill, and below it another built by John Storer.
On the Mousam below was the Larrabee village, Littlefield’s
and Look’s houses, the latter occupied by John Butland,
Look being moved to Saco. Below was the house of
Thomas Wormwood, and forty rods farther down that of
John Freeze. Samuel Emmons lived in a house up the
river, opposite the gravel-bed. On the western side of the
river was the house of Thomas Wormwood, Jr., where the
late Abner Wormwood lived, and above, at the foot of the
pasture of the late Hon. George W. Wallingford, was the
house of Edward Evans. Samuel Sawyer had built a house
below on Great Hill, since occupied by John Burks. On
the east side of the river, a little below the Wentworth
House, was the residence of John Webber, and beyond was
a small house occupied by Richard Boothby.

On the road leading to the landing was the house of
John Wakefield, on the upper corner of Titcomb’s ship-
yard, and James Wakefield’s two-story house about. three
rods above the Lord House. Next below was the meeting-
house, and then the house of Nathaniel Wakefield, a little
below the site of the old school-house. Stephen Titcomb
had a small house, between the river and the house of
George Dresser, which he moved from the next year, hav-
ing built the Dresser house, which was garrisoned. Just

“above the Upper Falls was the house of Jesse Towne, near

the spring ; and below, towards the sea, were the houses of
John Mitchell and Stephen Harding. Mitchell’s house was
also a garrison. On the Alewife road was the house built
by Joshua Kimball, a little below the former residence of
Ezra Smith, near the junction of the roads, which was at
that time occupied by John Maddox, who married Kimball’s
widow. The house of Jonathan Taylor (late Thacher
Jones’) and that of David Thompson were the others.
These were all the residences in Kennebunk in 1750.
 

Ko

Horack Porter, son of Joseph and Olive (Beek-

ley) Porter, was born in Berlin, Conn., Nov. 25,
1788.

where he carried on tanning.

The family removed to Kennebunk in 1800,

Horace learned the tanner’s trade of his father
during his minority, but received limited oppor-
He first formed
a partnership for general trade with Timothy Kezer
(Porter & Kezer), and in 1809 with Benjamin
Smith (Smith & Porter).
large business, engaging in not only local, but a

foreign trade with the West Indies until 1839,

tunities for obtaining an education.

This firm carried on a

when the partnership was dissolved by mutual con-
sent, and Mr. Porter lived retired from active busi-
ness until his death, Oct. 13, 1864. He was a
Whig in politics; was a member of the State Senate,
and a candidate for member of Congress. In re-

ligious belief he was a Unitarian. Mr. Porter was

 

OV

a man of noble bearing, was over six feet in height,
and naturally received respect. He possessed great
decision of character, sound judgment, and a will
power to accomplish whatever he undertook. In
local affairs his influence was felt, and his opinions
heeded.

He married, June 2, 1815, Lavinia, daughter of
Dr. Jacob Fisher, a prominent physician of Kenne-
bunk, who was born at Renforth, Mass., Sept. 10,
1759, married Hannah Brown, and came to Kenne-
bunk after the close of the Revolutionary war. He
died Oct. 27, 1840. His wife died Sept. 7, 1840
Their daughter, Lavinia, was born June 3, 1791.
To Mr. and Mrs. Porter were born the following
children: Horace L., died in infancy; Clara L.,
widow of George W. Hardy; Horace Brown, died
at the age of twenty years; Olive L., wife of Wm.
F. Lord, of Kennebunk.
TOWN OF KENNEBUNK. 235

 

Some of the early settlers were enterprising and energetic
men, and all except one, men of some education. The two
Kimball brothers were largely engaged in lumbering. Na-
thaniel Kimball has been called the “ father of Kennebunk.”
Twenty, at least, of this early population were church mem-
bers, and did all in their power to give a moral and religious
character to the community. They wisely judged that a
church established among them would be the means of
drawing a better class of population, and in this they were
not disappointed. The following extracts from a tax-list of
the new parish will show the relative condition as to prop-
erty of the principal business men: Richard Kimball, £3
14s. 9d.; Nathaniel Kimball, £3 13s. 6d.; John Mitchell,
£3 10s.; John Webber, £3 7s. 3d.; Ichabod Cousens, £2
18s. ; Richard Boothby, £2 16s. ; John Gilpatrick, £2 15s.
9d.; Thomas Cousens, £2 13s. ; Stephen Larrabee, £2 10s. ;
Stephen Titcomb, £2 4s.; John Wakefield, £2 1s.; Na-
thaniel Wakefield, £2 1s.

The Second Parish, at the time of its erection, contained
about thirty families. In 1752 the saw-mill was rebuilt by
Joseph Storer, Nathaniel Wakefield, and Stephen Larra-
\bee. A grist-mill was built immediately afterwards. Pre-

vious to this time many of the inhabitants had pounded
their corn in mortars. Some had been obliged to travel to
‘York to have their grinding done. In 1754 a saw-mill was
"built by Thomas and James Cousens at Great Falls, on the
; site of the former one burnt by the Indians. In 1755, the
greatest freshet ever known carried away the mill on the
Mousam River.

Among those engaged in the French war the following
were citizens of Kennebunk: Samuel Stevens, Richard Kim-
ball, Jr., William Butland, Nathaniel Cousens, Benjamin
Cousins, John Butland, Ebenezer Dunham, Abner, John,
and William Evans, John Emmons.

During the period of the Revolution the inhabitants of
Kennebunk acted with the town of Wells, of which they
formed a constituent part. March 21, 1774, a meeting con-
vened “to take into consideration the posture of our rela-
tions with England.” Joseph Storer, John Littlefield,
Capt. Noah M. Mittlefield, James Hubbard, Deacon Benja-
min Hatch, Ebenezer Sayer, and Joshua Bragdon were ap-
pointed a committee to report resolutions, who, on the 28th
of March, made their report as follows :

“Resolved, That freedom is essential to the happiness of a State,
which no nation can give up without violating the laws of nature,
reason, and religion, ruining millions, and entailing the deepest
misery on posterity.

“Resolved, That the late act of the British Parliament, empower-
ing the East India Company to export their teas to Boston, subject to
a duty, isa daring infringement upon our individual rights and privi-
leges; isa measure replete with every evil, political and commercial.
Therefore it is incumbent on every man who values his birthright and
would support the constitution to oppose every such attempt in all
lawful and constitutional ways.

“Resolved, That we will not receive any teas whereon an unconsti-
tutional duty may be Jaid, whether shipped by the East India Com-
pany or private merchants, and will esteem every person who may or
shall receive any such teas unfriendly to the government and inimical
to the country and constitution, and will treat them with that con-
tempt which such conduct deserves.

“ Resolved, That we will bear faithful and true allegiance to our
Sovereign Lord, George the Third, and are ready at all times to sup-
port his crown and dignity, at the expense of our lives and fortunes ;

 

but by no means support the oppressive measures of Parliament,
which have and still continues to threaten the total destruction of the
liberties of all America.

“ Resolved, That the thanks of the town be given to our worthy
brethren, the patriotic inhabitants of the town of Boston, for their
early intelligence and steady perseverance in the common cause. Pos-
terity, we doubt not, will applaud their conduct, and their children
will rise up to call them blessed.

“ Resolved, That an attested copy of these proceedings be transmit-
ted to the Committee of Correspondence in Boston.”

These resolutions expressed the general sentiment of the
people. When the port of Boston was closed the people
of the Second Parish voted, in December, “ that the usual
contribution for the poor among themselves should be given
to the poor of Boston, who are sufferers by reason of the
stoppage of their port.” And they also recommended to
the congregation that they should “ make a generous collec-
tion for said poor.” Jan. 16, 1775, the committee of the
Second Parish, Stephen Larrabee and John Mitchell, sent
26% cords of wood to the sufferers in Boston, and received
in response a letter of “sincere and hearty thanks’ from the
“Committee on Donations for the Poor of the town of
Boston.” This was not the first time the people of Ken-
nebunk had come to the aid of the people of Boston,—for,
at the time of the great fire of 1760, they sent the sufferers
over $200.

In February, 1775, Ebenezer Sayer, Esq., was chosen
delegate from Wells to the Provincial Congress, and the
following gentlemen (mostly citizens of Kennebunk) were
appointed a committee “to prepare instructions to guide
the actions of the delegate in Congress,” viz., John Little-
field, John Mitchell, Samuel Hancock, Nathaniel Kimball,
and Benjamin Hatch. The following is the report of the
committee, which was adopted by the town:

“To EBENEZER SAYER:

‘‘Sir,—You being chosen by the inhabitants of the town of Wells
to represent said town in a Provincial Congress to be holden in the
town of Cambridge, or elsewhere, on the first day of February next,
your instructions are to attend said Congress, and to adjourn and
transact such matters of business as shall be judged by said Congress
to be most for the peace, order, and safety of the Province, and to
hold said Congress, by adjournment or otherwise, until the last
Wednesday in May next, and if we should not at that time have gov-
ernment restored agreeably to the charter of the Province, and it should
be judged necessary to declare the seat of government vacant and to
assume government, you are hereby authorized to join with said Con-

gress therein.
“SamugEL Hancock, Chairman.”

Of the three military companies raised in the town that
belonging to Kennebunk was enlisted for eight months’
service, and was under command of Capt. James Hubbard.
The following is the roster of officers and soldiers :

John Denny, Jr.
Joseph Dagget.

Job Emery.
Obediah Emons.
Jedediah Gooch.
Dimon Hubbard.
James Gilpatrick.
Joshua Gilpatrick.
Edmund Currier.
Samuel Chadbourne.
Bartholomew Goodwin.
Joseph Littlefield.
Jotham Littlefield.
Abraham Littlefield.

James Hubbard, Captain.
Joseph Churchill, Lieutenant.
Nathaniel Cousens, Lieutenant.
Stephen Larrabee, Sergeant.
Samuel Burnham, Sergeant.
John Butland, Sergeant.
Thomas Wormwood, Corporal.
Stephen Fairfield, Corporal.
Remick Cole, Corporal.
Richard Gilpatrick, Corporal.
Jacob Blaisdell, Fifer.

John Webber, Drummer.
Joseph Cousens.

Rowlins Colburn,
236 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

Jedediah Goodale.
John Wormwood.
Ezekiel Webber.
Jonathan Banks,
John Campbell.
John Penny.
Isaac Storer.
Benjamin Webber.
John Boothby, Jr.

Henry Maddox.

John Magner.

John Ross.

Abner Wormwood.
Samuel Waterhouse.
John Kimball.

John Webber, Jr.
Benjamin Wormwood.
Amos Storer.

This company, with that of Capt. Sawyer, of Wells,
marched to Cambridge, and was in service eight months.
Capt. Hubbard died in the service at Cambridge. He was
among the most patriotic of citizens, and ready to offer
himself upon the altar of liberty. He was one of the select-
men of the town, also one of the Committee of Correspond-
ence. In 1776 the Committee of Correspondence ana Safety
consisted of Nathaniel Kimball, John Mitchell, Joseph
Wheelwright, Benjamin Hatch, and Daniel Clark ; Joseph
Storer delegate to the Continental Congress.

In 1778, 31 of Nathaniel Cousens’ company, all living in
Kennebunk, were in the army; and large contributions of
shirts, stockings, and shoes were made this year by the
Second Parish.

In the Penobscot expedition of 1779 were Maj. Daniel
Littlefield, Capt. Samuel Sawyer, Nathaniel Cousens, Samuel
Treadwell, Joel Littlefield, and Capt. John Winn. Maj.
Littlefield and Capt. Sawyer lost their lives. Both were
brave men and useful members of society.

Upon the submission of the constitution of Massachu-
setts to the people of Wells, it was deemed advisable by the
town, before taking action upon it, to subject it to the ex-
amination of the wisest and most prudent among the citi-
zens. It was accordingly committed to Rev. Moses Hem-
menway, Rev. Daniel Little, Samuel Waterhouse, John
Mitchell, John Wheelwright, Deacon Benjamin Hatch,
Amos Storer, Jonathan Hatch, James Littlefield, Jr.,
James Littlefield (3d), Capt. John Bragdon, Jeremiah
Storer, Hans Patten, Capt. John Littlefield, Adam Clark,
and Capt. Joseph Winn,—a large proportion of whom were
residents of Kennebunk.

From 1731 to the beginning of the war of the Revo-
lution the vicinity of the Littlefield Mills, on the Kenne-
bunk River, was the theatre of the principal business in
what is now the town of Kennebunk. When these mills
were built is not known. The grants were made on both
sides of the river in 1680 and 1681, embracing the neces-
sary privileges and lands adjoining, and it is quite prob-
able the saw- and grist-mills were erected soon after. In
this part of the town were the principal business men,—
Richard and Nathaniel Kimball, Joseph and Samuel Little-
field, John Gilpatrick, John and Samuel Shackley, James
Ross and James Ross, Jr., Jedediah Wakefield, Samuel
Gilpatrick and John Gilpatrick, Jr., Thomas Kimball,
Auley McColley, Stephen Larrabee, and others.

Richard and Nathaniel Kimball and John Mitchell
built the first vessel on the Kennebunk River. Richard
opened the first grocery-store; Nathaniel, the first public-
house. The Shackleys—John and Samuel—were tanners
and shoemakers; Auley McColley was a tailor; the Little-
fields were lumbermen; Thomas Kimball, Larrabee, and
the Rosses, were agriculturists. In 1750 the main road

 

from the east to the west was located past the mills, and
the travel turned thither from the sea-board. In 1775
there was established the first regular post-office, Nathaniel
Kimball being appointed postmaster. Probate Court was
also holden here. The oldest monument of the dead
standing in Kennebunk is also at this place, near the house
of Owen Burnham, bearing the inscription * James Ross,
eet. 35, died Aug. 16, 1749.”

The war of the Revolution checked business and immi- °
gration for a while; but before it was closed people came in,
and the population again grew rapidly. Ship-building had
commenced before the war, and vessels were engaged in the i
West India trade. Commerce, of course, was now at an:
end. But peace soon revived it, and all the people returned
to their former employments with a great deal of confi-
dence and enterprise. Many vessels were built, some of
them good-sized brigs, and at the close of the century, some
ships; so that in 1798 there were owned on the Kenne-
bunk River 50 vessels. Immense quantities of lumber and
ship-timber were brought in from the neighboring towns.
Professional men and mechanics came in, and activity was
seen in all kinds of business. But the French now cap-
tured their vessels. This illegal interference with their
commerce dampened the ardor of the people, navigation |
being the leading motive-power of all the industry of the’
place. Though the government received an equivalent for
all these depredations, they never paid over to the unfortu-
nate owners the compensation which was justly due to them,
and many of them went down to their graves in poverty.
About 25 vessels were taken belonging to Kennebunk.

After these troubles were ended, the business of the
town progressed favorably until the embargo, and the war
which followed a few years afterwards, when many of those
who had been prosperous, and acquired a fair independence,
lost all they had by the destruction of their vessels lying at
the wharves, and up the river. It was many years al
the war before there was any animation in business. Ship-
building was resumed; but the West India trade was |
unprofitable, and the commerce of the town was directed |
to other channels, not productive of any employment for |;
the main body of the people. Ship-building, after several
years, began to be profitable to the owners, and was prose-—
cuted with fair success until the great Rebellion. Several .
of the inhabitants rose to independence from it. But the
Rebellion put an end to it, and it has ever since not been
worth pursuit.

During this last war, without any serious embarrassment,
the town supplied its several quotas of soldiers as demanded,
paying in the whole over $46,000. One hundred and forty-
seven were enlisted from among the townsmen, and went into
the service. Thirty died in it; a few died from disease
contracted while in the service after their return home.

INCORPORATION OF THE TOWN.

On the admission of Maine into the Union, in 1820, a
movement was first made to separate Kennebunk from
Wells. The village had become sufficiently extensive to
make it a material and important part of the town. The
people there began to feel their rising importance, and
thence to demand an increase of their privileges. It was
 

Photo. by E. H. McKenney.

SETH E. BRYANT.

The subject of this sketch was born in the town of Rochester,
Plymouth Co., Mass., March 14, 1826, from whence his parents
removed to Kennebunk in 1881.

His grandfather, Daniel Bryant, was a soldier of the Revo-
lution, born and died in Saco, Me. William M. Bryant, his
father, served for a time in the war of 1812. Having by hard
work acquired a fair education in the common schools, with a
few terms at the Saco Academy, be engaged in teaching at an
early age. He also became a minister of the gospel in the
Christian connection, preaching as an evangelist in many
places in Maine, New Hampshire, and Massachusetts, and a
few years asa settled pastor. He took an active part in public
affairs, and was for muny years an officer of the town of Kenne-
bunk, serving as treasurer, school] committee-man, selectman,
and representative to the Legislature. He died Jan. 9, 1876,
aged eighty. His wife was Mary E. Emery, a native of
Kennebunk, a descendant of the Perkins family of Kenne-
bunkport; she died Jan. 13, 1879. They had a family of
eleven children, six of whom lived to grow to maturity.

Seth E. Bryant received his education in the common schools
of Kennebunk, with a few terms at Union Academy, under
the tuition of the Jate Hall Roberts, of Concord, N. H. After
leaving school was clerk in a store, and at the age of twenty
went into business for himself as proprietor of a country store,
and afterwards as owner of a stage-line and livery-stable.
Disposing of this last business in 1854, he was engaged for
some years as book-keeper and clerk for Daniel W. Lord, ship-
builder and ship-owner of Kennebunkport.

In 1861 he was appointed deputy collector and inspector in
the custom-house, Kennebunk. This he relinquished in Sep-
tember, 1862, to enlist as a private in the 27th Maine Regi-
ment. Soon after going into camp at Portland, he was chosen
captain of Co. I. Served in the defenses of Washington until
July, 1863, when the term of the regiment expired.

In March, 1864, he again went into the army as captain of
Co. A. 32d Maine Regiment, at Augusta, Me. The demand for
troops at that time was so urgent that when six companies
were organized, they were ordered to Washington, under the
command of the major. On the arrival of the battalion at
Alexandria, it was assigned to the 9th Army Corps, then under
Gen. A. E. Burnside, and without any drill, and but little in
the way of organization, went immediately to the front. With
the 11th N. H. Regiment, it was left at Bristoe Station to
guard the Orange and Alexandria Railroad a few days ; came
up with army at the battle of the Wilderness, and was at
once ordered into action; this was toward the close of the
second day’s fight.

 

May 12th, was in the battle of Spottsylvania, where the bat-
talion was badly cut up under fire of shells and sharpshooters
until May 18th, when it again went into battle, and was under a
sharp fire of musketry, shell, grape and canister eleven hours,
losing very heavily. Capt. Bryant escaped without a scratch,
but found a bullet-hole in his coat after the battle. Was
placed in command of the battalion just before the battle at
the North Anna River. Participated in that action, and at its
close found that only 150 men were fit for duty. While across
the North Anna River, the remnaining four companies came up,
with the colonel of the regiment (Col. M. F. Wentworth) ;
recrossed the North Anna River, and resumed the race for
Richmond; when within seven miles of that city met the
enemy.

While at this place Capt. Bryant was attacked with typho-
malaria, contracted while in the swamp, but remained with
the regiment until the four days’ march to the rear of Peters-
burg. He was carried in an ambulance, and at the end of the
march was put into the field hospital until ordered to City
Point, and from thence to Washington, when a furlough
home was obtained, July 3d.

In October, having recovered, he went back to his regiment,
which was then reduced to less than one hundred men; being
senior officer, he assumed command until the lieutenant-colonel
was appointed. The regiment was so small that in December
it was consolidated with the 3lst Maine, when Capt. Bryant
resigned and came home

In November, 1865, he was again appointed deputy collec-
tor, inspector, ete., in the custom-house, which position he
now occupies.

He enjoys the confidence of his fellow-citizens, having been
selectman, assessor, and overseer of the poor of Kennebunk
for sixteen years, holding at this time those offices; he is also
a trial justice and notary public for the county of York. Has
acted as secretary of the Republican county convention for
twenty-one years past.

He has been an active Republican ever since the formation
of that party; was previously a Whig. He has always taken
a strong interest in the cause of temperance, belonging to all
organizations aiming to promote its interests; has a firm con-
fidence in the principle of prohibition, and that it will ulti-
mately prevail in every State of the Union. He has been an
active Mason for some years, and an officer of Arundel Lodge,
No. 76, Kennebunkport. He married on the 2d of November,
1850, Mary E. Wormwood, of Kennebunk. They have had
three sons, two of whom are living,—Charles E. and Walter
L. Bryant.
TOWN OF KENNEBUNK. 237

along distance for many of them to travel to attend the
town-meetings. There were in the territory of Kennebunk,
or the Second Parish, about 130 legal voters; and at the
meeting in March, 1787, they had voted that “ one-third
of the legal town-meetings shall be in future held in the
Second Parish ; and the next town-meeting, which is by law
to be held on the first Monday in April, shall be held there.”
From this time the Second Parish elected two of the select-
men of the town, who, this year, were Benjamin Titcomb
and Nathaniel Cousens. In 1819 further progress was
made towards municipal independence by a vote that one-
half of the town-meetings should be held in the Second
Parish.

In 1820 all the inhabitants of Kenncbunk joined in a
movement for division. The charter invorporating the new
town was adopted June 24, 1820. The following are the
selectmen and town clerks chosen since that period:

SELECTMEN.

Benjamin Titcomh, Jr., James Torrance, Timothy Frost, 1820; Na-
thaniel Jeffards, Joseph Hatch, Jeremiah Lord, 1821-28; Ed-
ward E. Bourne, Tobias Walker, James Titcomb, 1828-32;
Benjamin Titcomb, Edward E. Bourne, Alex. McCulloch, 1832;
Nathaniel Jetfards, Joseph Waterhouse, Alex. McCulloch, 1833 ;
Nathaniel Jeffards, Jesse Towne, Ezra Perkins, 1834-42; William
M. Bryant, Nathaniel K. Sargent, George Taylor, 1842-44; Jesse
Towne, Joseph Waterhouse, Ezra Perkins, 1844; James Hubbard,
Ezra Perkins, Joseph Waterhouse, 1845; James Hubbard, Wil-
liam Mitchell, Joseph Waterhouse, 1846-48; William B. Sewall,
William Mitchell, Joseph Waterhouse, 1848; James Hubbard, W.
M. Bryant, Israel Taylor, 1849; Joseph Waterhouse, W. M.
Bryant, Israel Taylor, 1850; Joseph Waterhouse, W. M Bryant,
Joseph Titcomb, 1851; Joseph Waterhouse, W. M. Bryant, Paul
Junkins, 1852-53; W. M. Bryant, A. M. Bryant, Theodore Thomp-
son, 1854; Stephen Perkius, George P. Titcomb, Tobias Walker,
1855; George Emmons, George P. Titeomh, Benjamin Smith,

1856; Edward W. Morton, S. E. Bryant, Theodore Thompson, -

1857-59 ; Edward W. Morton, 8. E. Bryant, Joseph A. Haley,
1859-61; Edward W. Morton, Edward E. Bourne, Jr., Joseph
A. Haley, 1861; 8. E. Bryant, Edward E. Bourne, Jr., Joseph
A. Haley, 1862-64; George W. Lord, E. E. Bourne, Jr., Joseph
A. Haley, 1864; 8. H. Bryant, John A. Lord, Theodore Thomp-
son, 1865; 8. E. Bryant, John A. Lord, Jeremiah Dutch, 1866-69 ;
Joseph A. Haley, Edmund Warren, Isaac M. Emery, 1869-71;
Seth E. Bryant, Joseph T. Nason, Benjamin F. Titcomb, 1871;
Seth E. Bryant, A. E. Haley, B. F. Titeomb, 1872; Henry Kings-
bury, A. E. Haley, B. F. Titeomb, 1873-74; William Fairfield,
Henry Kingsbury, Enoch W. Cousen, 1875-77; Seth EH. Bryant,
Edwin Walker, William Fairfield, 1877-80.

TOWN CLERKS.

Timothy Frost, 1820-33; John Lillie, 1833; John Frost, 1834-36;
Timothy Frost, 1836-45; Andrew Walker, 1845-57; George W.
Wallingford, 1857-61; George Mendum, 1861; Edward Warren,
1862-64; William Fairfield, 1864; Edward Warren, 1865-69 ,
A. Warren Mendum, 1869-73; Mark H. Ford, 1873; A. Warren
Mendum, 1874-80.

BATTALION OF ARTILLERY.

A battalion of artillery was organized Nov. 19, 1817,
and was composed of companies at York and at Kennebunk.
The officers were—Majors: November, 1817, to May, 1819,
Asa Freeman, of York; May, 1819, to December, 1824,
Barnabas Palmer, of Kennebunk; 1825 to 1840, James
Osborn, Jr., of Kennebunk; 1840 to 1842, Charles W.
Kimball, of Kennebunk. Adjutants: April, 1818, to May,
1824, Edward E. Bourne; 1824 to 1826, Israel W. Bourne ;

 

%

1826 to 1840, Samuel L. Osborn; 1840 to 1842, Oliver
Littlefield. Quartermasters: 1818 to 1820, John Frost;
1820 to 1831, Edward Greenough; 1831 to 1834, Francis
A. Lord; 1834 to 1842, Abial Kelly, Jr.

The captains of the York company were, to No-
vember, 1817, Asa Freeman ; 1817 to 1823, George Moody ;
1823 to 1828, Edward A. Emerson; 1828 to 1832, Josiah
Chase ; 1832 to 1837, John Simpson; 1837 to 1840, Jos.
Weare, Jr. ; 1840, Octavius Weare; 1841, Joseph Winn.

The Kennebunk company was organized September,
1817, on petition of Edward EK. Bourne and 40 others,
and was disbanded September, 1842, having become reduced
to about 15 privates. The captains were: 1817 to 1819,
Barnabas Palmer; 1819 to 1823, William W. Wise; 1823
to 1825, James Osborn, Jr.; 1825 to 1827, Samuel Little-
field, Jr.; 1827 to 1831, Henry Kingsbury ; 1831 to 1834,
George W. Bourne; 1834 to 1836, John G. Mayo; 1836,
Rufus W. Loud; 1837 to 1840, Chas. W. Kimball; 1840
to 1842, Albert Perkins. The lieutenants were: 1817 to
1819, Wm. W. Wise; 1817, Kdw. E. Bourne; 1818,
Clement Jefferds; 1819 to 1823, James Osborn, Jr. ; 1819
to 1822, Heard Milliken ; 1822 to 1825, Samuel Littlefield,
Jr.; 1823 to 1827, Aaron Greene; 1825 to 1827, Henry
Kingsbury ; 1827 to 1831, George W. Bourne; 1827 to
1834, John G. Mayo; 1831 to 1837, Geo. Wise; 1834 to
1837, Chas. W. Kimball; 1837 to 1840, Benj. F. Good-
win; 1840 to 1842, Ivory Goodwin, Jr.; 1841, Hercules
H. Chadbourne. The first clerk was Davenport Tucker.

About the close of the last century a cavalry company
was formed in Wells and Kennebunk. Dr. Keating was
chosen captain; John Low, lieutenant; Robert Towne, of
Kennebunkport, ensign; Joseph Moody, cornet. After
Dr. Keating, the captains were Nathaniel Frost, Joseph
Dane, Benjamin Smith, and Elisha Chadbourne. This
company was maintained more than thirty years, and much
interest taken in it by the citizens.

 

SCHOOLS.

The town of Wells was tardy about extending the bene-
fits of schools to Kennebunk, although the people of the
latter paid their regular proportion of tax.

Jn 1728 the town voted to have school kept near the
centre, in the vicinity of the meeting-house, six or seven
miles from Kennebunk, so that those living in the place
were entirely cut off from its benefits. It was not till 1740,
after Kennebunk had been settled twenty-five years, that
the privilege was granted for a separate school, or that any
material allowance was made of the funds therefor, although
the people had paid their part towards building two school-
houses, and their proportion for the support of schools in
the town.

In 1740 they determined to submit to this grievance no
longer, and, on petition, a special town-meeting was called,
at which it was voted “that there be a schoolmaster for the
remote parts of the town for the year ensuing,” and four
months were allowed to “ Kennebunk and Mousam, two at
Arrisicket, and four at Meriland.” The next. year four
months and a half were. allowed to Maryland, and four to
Kennebunk, near James Wakefield’s, who lived at the Land-

ing.
238 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

In 1753 the town voted to have a grammar school, and
also a morning school. But it does not appear that these
schools were put in operation. For many years such
schools as there were in the town were kept at private houses.
The first building occupied for school purposes was con-
structed of round logs, and stood just above the house of
Mr. Storer. It was open at the gable-ends, through which
the light came, in place of windows. Here the school was
kept a number of years by one Jasper Ellis. It was sub-
sequently kept in the shop of Edmund Currier. A con-
venient place was then selected at the corners in front of
the house of Dr. Swett, and here the ‘‘ Mousam School-
House” was erected, in 1770. After the increase of popu-
lation, it was moved up the “ Country road,” and placed a
few rods east of the church. Here it remained several
years, when it was moved to a spot just below the grave-
yard, near Daniel Iu. Hatch’s house, where it, was occupied
by Mrs. Tabitha, widow of Samuel Hancock and James
Hubbard. After her death it was sold to Mrs. Mary
Nichols, and moved to a lot on the opposite side of the road ;
after that it was sold to William Taylor, and moved to
Brown Street, where it became the residence of Mr. Frank
Fairfield.

The parish had exclusive jurisdiction over the schools
within its territory till the close of the century, during
which period several districts were set off, and supplied with
teachers more or less of the time. Prior to 1805 there
were five districts in the town,—the Lower District, Lower
Mousam, Middle, Alewife, and Upper Mousam. In 1805
the Alewife district was divided into two.

Paul Coffin, afterwards the settled master in Buxton, a
graduate of Harvard College, taught the school near Hub-
bard’s in 1759. Afterwards it was kept for several years
by Samuel Prentice, also a graduate of Harvard. Next to
him was Samuel Hancock, who graduated at the same col-
lege, and who lived permanently in Kennebunk. Among
those who taught in the Alewife district were John Fleard
and Nathaniel Adams, also educated at Cambridge. Robert
Swainson was a teacher in several districts, and continued
to teach so many years in the town as to acquire the sobri-
quet of “ Old Master Swainson.” John Donnie was also
employed in different districts many years. The master in
those days received for his services from $5 to $8 or $9
per month, and “ boarded 'round.” Jonathan Ward, said
to have been a superior teacher, taught in the village of
Kennebunk in 1795, and received the liberal wages of $2
per week. This was the largest salary paid to any teacher,
and enabled him to keep a horse. The first female teacher
engaged in the schools was Polly Honcry, who taught at
the Port in 1792, receiving $1.50 a week for her services.
James Snow taught the school in the lower Mousam dis-
trict in 1794-95 ; he was a sea-captain. Since the incor-
poration of the town in 1820 ample provision has been
made for schools within its limits.

The following is from the State superintendent's report
for 1878 : Number of graded schools, 2; number of school
districts, 11; school-houses, 14; estimated value of school
property, $8500; male teachers in summer, 3; in winter,
6; female teachers in summer, 12; in winter, 14; average
wages of male teachers per month, exclusive of board,

 

$55; average wages of female teachers per week, exclusive
of board, $4.80 ; amount of money voted in 1878, $2400 ;
excess above the amount required by law, $316; school
fund, $522.20; amount apportioned from State treasury,
$1503.44; number of scholars, 841; registered, 582; per
cent. of average attendance, 53.

HIGH SCHOOL.

For several years a respectable academy was maintained
in Kennebunk; but the interest of the curators, most of
whom lived in other towns, declined, and the institution
was abandoned. In its stead the schools in Districts Nos.
5 and 9 have been graded, and a high school and grammar
schools of the best character substituted. In the high
school of District No. 5, in the village, boys and girls may
be fitted for any of the colleges of the country.

The high school is under the charge of EH. J. Cram,
A.M., a graduate of Bowdoin College in 1873, in which
year he was chosen principal of the school. The village
district (No. 5) has two good school-houses, and employs
five teachers,—two male and three female. T. W. Robin-
son, a graduate of Harvard College, is principal of the
grammar school; Miss Luella Jordan, intermediate ; Miss
Mary Roberts, western primary; Miss Emma Fairchild,
eastern primary.

Committee, Daniel Remich, Frank Ross, M.D., and Rev.
Edmund Worth.

The attendance in this district averages as follows: High
school, 35; grammar school, 60; eastern primary, 30;
western primary, 45; total, 170.

MANUFACTURE OF IRON.

Before the Revolution, and while the fears of the people
were excited by the anticipation of the conflict, the thought
occurred to some considerate minds that there might be a
demand for iron which commerce could not supply, and
they resolved on the experiment of its manufacture at Ken-
nebunk. In 1774 a factory was erected on the Mousam
River, at the island below the present village dams. The
island was then a part of the eastern shore. The shop was
a large one-story building, supplied with two forges. It
was built by Joseph Hobbs, Ebenezer Rice, Benjamin Day,
John Maddox, Jacob Blaisdell, Moses Blaisdell, and David
Hutchings. The iron ore was obtained at different places,
—at Saco, Maryland Ridge, Sanford, Arundel, and some
on the western side of the road between Wells and Kenne-
bunk. Richard Gilpatrick afterwards built a factory on
the western end of the present dam. The iron here manu-
factured is said to have been very good for axes, plows,
chains, ete., and many relics of it are yet found in the
town. The most profitable part of the work was the man-
ufacture of salt-pans, with which they supplied many towns
in different parts of the province, at which salt was then
made. ‘The iron was made into bars of twenty-five pounds
and upwards, and was sold at five and six cents a pound.
These factories were continued in operation nearly twenty
years, when, on account of cheaper production elsewhere,
the business became unprofitable.

In 1785 a great freshet occurred in which the saw-mill,
grist-mill, the lower iron-works, the bridge, and nearly
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Photo, by E. H. McKenney, Biddeford.

JAMES G. COUSENS, ESQ.,

was born in Kennebunk July 13,1816. THis father’s name was James,
and his grandfather’s name was Samuel, who married Abigail Deering
as his second wife. His mother’s name was Hannah, the daughter of
John Webber, of Kennebunk; her brothers were Obadiah, Shapleigh,
and John; her sisters, Mary, who married Paul Huzzey, and Lydia,
who married Joshua Taylor. The old homestead of his father, James
Cousens, was a large and excellent farm of about two hundred acres,
situated in Kennebunk, divided by the Mousam River, and located
little above the Eastern Railroad Depot. The part on the west side
of the river, including the homestead buildings, has been sold to Mr.
Ephraim Allen, but the easterly part is owned by Samuel Cousens, a
brother of James G.

John Cousens, the only surviving brother of James (the father of
James G.), moved to Poland, Me., where he accumulated a large
property and reared a numerous family. His sons were: William,
Col. Humphry, of Gorham, Me.; Thomas, and others. The children
of James and Hannah Cousens were: Thomas, who married Patience
Stevens, and after whose death, Mary York; Samuel, who married
Sarah Goodwin; William, who married Mary Sawyer; Charles, who
married Abigail Pindar, and after whose death, Caroline Downing ;
John, who married Sylvia Haley ; James G., Enoch, Hannah, Mary,
Abigail, who married George Shackley, of Portsmouth, N. H.; Susan,
Elizabeth, who married Benjamin A. Browne, of Cambridgeport,
Mass.; Katharine, Lucy, and Marinda. Of the above fifteen chil-
dren there were three pairs of twins, viz.: John and James G., Kath-
arine and Elizabeth, Lucy and Marinda; the latter pair died in in-
fancy, the others are living. The family was never all together but
once, then the father placed them in line in the order of their ages.

The father, James Cousens, was born Dee. 16, 1774, and died in
1834, aged forty-nine years; the mother, Hannah Cousens, was born
Oct. 31, 1788, and died in 1845, aged fifty-six years. James G.
Cousens was educated at the common and select schools in Kenne-
bunk, and at the age of twenty-one years left his father’s home to
seek employment. After spending about two years in Massachusetts,
engaged in various pursuits, and one year in Georgia, in the lumber-
ing and milling business, finding none of these occupations congenial
to his temperament, he returned to his native town in September, 1840 ;
and having chosen the mercantile business as his occupation for life,
he formed at the lower village a copartnership with Bradford Oakes,
under the firm-name of Oakes & Cousens. While the copartnership
existed trade was prosperous, but as Mr. Cousens had peculiar views
of his own, which he wished to apply to his business, and preferring
to direct rather than to follow, at the expiration of two years he pur-
chased his partner’s interest in the concern, and assumed exclusive
management. Possessed of energy, foresight, and self-reliance to a
great degree, Mr. Cousens was unwilling to follow the well-worn ruts
of trade, but commenced to open up new channels of traffic, and
added to his establishment a well-equipped merchant-tailoring depart-
ment, giving thereby employment to quite a number of hands. Be-

 

sides this, he was largely interested in vessels, and made a practice of
purchasing quantities of lumber and wood annually, and shipping it
to Boston and other ports. Mr. Cousens has had in his employ a
number of young men as clerks, who, from the business tact and com-
mercial knowlege they received while under his tuition, have become
successful in business, and have taken respectable positions in society.
In 1867 Mr. Cousens formed a copartnership in trade with his son-
in-law, Samuel Smith, Jr., who had been employed in his store for
a number of years under the style of James G. Cousens & Co. This
connection was dissolved in 1871, and Mr. Smith opened a dry-goods
store in Biddeford, Me., where he is now commanding a flourishing
trade. In early life Mr. Cousens was appointed by the Governor a
justice of the peace and quorum, and has received a great deal of
probate and justice business to transact, gaining in his community a
commendable reputation for correctness and proficiency in the dis-
charge of the duties which the office necessarily involves.

Notwithstanding the large claims that were constantly made upon
his time by increasing business, he always from early manhood found
leisure for mental improvement; and as mathematics was a favorite
study, he devoted himself to it with energy ; and became well quali-
fied as a civil engineer and surveyor, having heen employed in that
capacity by his town for a number of years. He has always been
ardently attached to the principles of the Democratic party, and has
been an earnest and active worker. He has been prominent as a
politician, not only in his town,—having been a candidate for about
every municipal office,—but also in his county, receiving, in 1868, tha
Democratic nomination for county commissioner, and in 1871 the
nomination for county treasurer. He is a prominent Mason and Odd-
Fellow, being a member of the Commandery, Knights Templar, and
having passed through the different degrees of Odd-Fellowship from
the subordinate lodge to the grand lodge of Maine. April 13, 1842,
at the age of twenty-six years, Mr. Cousens was married to Maria
Littlefield, aged twenty-two years, daughter of David and Sarah
Littlefield, of Kennebunk. He had no children of his own, but adopted
two daughters,—Abia P., daughter of Elijah Littlefield, of Portland,
and Sarah P., daughter of David Littlefield, of Kennebunk. These
two daughters were well educated; Abia was fitted for teaching, while
Sarah graduated at the Westbrook Seminary, in the class of 1876, in
the degree of Laureate of Science.

Oct. 19, 1861, at the age of nineteen years, Abia was married to
Samuel Smith, Jr., the son of Rufus Smith, of Kennebunk; Abia has
one son, James G. Cousens Smith. Sarah wasmarried, July 15, 1878,
at the age of twenty years, to Albert M. Todd, son of Robert Todd,
of Charlestown, Mass. The successful career of the subject of this
sketch, won by strict application to business and unflinching integrity,
and that force and energy so characteristic of the American people,
is a worthy example for the imitation of all young men who must
engage in the battles of life, with no resources except their own, and
the blessing Heaven gives as the reward of all honest industry.
TOWN OF KENNEBUNK. 239

 

everything on the Mousam River was carried away. The
saw-mill on the Kennebunk River was also swept off. The
iron-works of Richard Gilpatrick remained, but were
much damaged. The lower iron-works were afterwards
rebuilt, and continued in operation many years. The dis-
asters caused by this flood were a serious hindrance to the
growth of Kennebunk village.

SHIP-BUILDING ON THE MOUSAM.

The first vessel which was built on the river was a small
one by John Butland, for a gentleman in Newburyport.
She was built a little below Sergt. Larrabee’s fort. After
this he built six or seven for men in Boston, Salem, and
Newburyport. At some time during-the Revolution he
built a large ship, as she was called in those days, designed
as a privateer, for Samuel Coffin, of Newburyport. She
was about 240 tons, and pierced for 14 guns. Before this
time vessels had been built up the stream, at the foot of the
Falls. Men of ability had come into the town,—Joseph
Storer, from Wells; Theodore Lyman, from York; Joseph
Churchill, Benjamin Brown, Tobias Lord, and Richard
Gilpatrick. More than twenty vessels, brigs, schooners,
and sloops were launched from the yards on both sides of
‘the river from this period to the time when ship-building
l ceased on the Mousam River, in the early part of the
i present century.

In 1792, in order to facilitate the navigation of the
Mousam River for larger vessels, a scheme was set on fuvt
to straighten and deepen the channel by a more direct cut
to the sea. A corporation was formed under the title of
“The Proprietors of the Mousam Canal,” consisting of
Joseph Storer, Clement Storer, Benjamin Brown, William
Jefferds, John Low, James Kimball, Richard Gilpatrick,
Joseph Barnard, John Low, Jr., Nathaniel Conant, Henry
Heart, John Butland, Nathaniel Spinney, Jesse Larrabee,
and Michael Wise. The project was popular, and many
shares were taken by men of other towns. The work was
undertaken, and, after the expenditure of a large amount
of money, proved in the end a failure. The new channel,
or canal, was so unfortunately located that not more than
seven or eight feet of water could be commanded for the
passage of vessels, on account of a ledge extending nearly
the whole distance of the required excavation. There
were no funds to overcome the obstacle, and the work was
abandoned.

Ship-building, however, still went on upon the river.
While the project of the canal was yet pending, in prospect
of its successful termination, John Butland built on the
river a large ship for Clement and Joseph Storer, which
was got to sea with great difficulty and expense. They
were obliged to build a dam and float her out by raising the
fresh water in the river above. This perplexing and costly
experiment put an end to all ship-building on the Mousam,
though a few small vessels may have been built afterwards.

WATER-POWER AND MANUFACTURES.

The most valuable privileges are found on the Mousam
River. This stream has its rise in Mousam, or Long Pond,
| in the town of Shapleigh, and is remarkable for its constant
| supply of water, and the numerous water-powers it fur-

 

 

nishes from its source to tide-water, a distance of 224

miles. The first power at head of tide has a fall of about

21 feet. The second, just below the bridge at the village,

has a fall of about 9 feet, with sash- and blind-factory,

machine-shop, saw- and shingle-mill upon it. The third,'
just above the bridge, has a fall of 17 feet, and is improved |
by the Ventilating Water-proof Shoe Company on the east

bank. The estimated power is sufficient to drive 15,000

spindles 11 hours a day through the year. The greatest

range of water from high to low, 34 feet. Brick and

granite for building purposes within easy range. Outlet

for products manufactured, the Boston and Maine Railroad,

or by water from Kennebunkport village 23 miles.

Near Kennebunk Depot village are three valuable priv-
ileges. The first has a fall of 11 feet, improved by R.
W. Lord & Co.’s cotton-twine mill. The second, just
above the railroad, has a fall of 7 feet or more, unimproved.
Half a mile farther up is Varney's Falls, with a descent of
14 feet, and improved by Dane & Perkins’ saw-mill and
box-factory. The estimated power here is equal to drive
11,000 spindles 11 hours per day throughout the year.

Near the line of Alfred is located Great, or, as called in
early times, Fluellen Falls, with a natural stone dam and
fall of 45 feet. This is one of the best powers on the
river, lies wholly unimproved, and has an estimated power
sufficient to drive 40,000 spindles 11 hours per day through
The whole fall from Great Falls to tide-water is
150 feet, giving a gross horse-power in the distance of five
miles of about 3600, or an equivalent of 144,000 spindles
11 hours per day through the year. Few towns are fa-
vored with better powers, and, as they are improved, they
will become sources of thrift to the villages and surround-
ing country.

On the Kennebunk are two powers, used in the manu-
facture of lumber, and a small saw-mill, power unimproved,
on the outlet of Alewives Pond. At the “ Branch,” near
Wells line, is a small power, employed in cutting lumber.

R. W. Lord & Co., manufacturers of fishing-twines and
warp-yarns, were established in 1860, with a capital of
$50,000. The mill is a wooden building 35 by 64 feet,
three stories high, and an L, 25 by 26 feet, two stories, with
basement under whole, filled with machinery. Raw material
used, 180,000 pounds annually, turning out 150,000 pounds
manufactured product. Number of operatives, 26.

The Union Lace Company, A. M. Read, agent, was es-
tablished 1868. The buildings were built in 1868, and
consisting of a main mill, 42 by 87, three stories high,
with attic, a store-house and batting-room and a dye-house.
They formerly did a large business in the manufacture of
worsted braids and shoe-lacings, but have recently discon-
tinued.

 

 

the year.

VENTILATING WATER-PROOF SHOE COMPANY.

The fine fall at the bridge on the east side of the river,
in the village, is now occupied by the Ventilating Water-
proof Shoe Company, of which Joseph Davis, Esq., of
Lynn, Mass., is president, and William H. Wheeler, of
Boston, treasurer. This branch of the company’s works
was formerly located at Mechanic Falls, Me., but removed
here in November, 1877, upon the completion of the mill
240 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

by a joint-stock company of the citizens, termed the Ken-
nebunk Mill Company. The building is a fine, substantial
wooden structure, 160 by 35, four stories and basement.
It was erected at a cost of $11,000 on the main dam of the
Mousam. “The company manufacture from 40 to 60 cases
of 60 pairs to the case per day ; employ 300 hands, and are
adding constantly to the number, as well as increasing the
capacity of the works. The weekly pay-roll of the com-
pany is about $22,000, and they pay about $78 per day
for royalties on various machines used in this mill alone.
The same company do a large business at Lynn, Mass.,
under the same name. And at Baltimore, Md., there is
another branch, under the firm-name of Joseph Davis & Co.
The capacity of these three establishments is not less than
110 cases per day, of 60 pairs to the case. The whole
royalty paid by Mr. Davis on machines used in this busi-
ness probably exceeds that paid by any other man in the
United States.

MOUSAM MANUFACTURING COMPANY.

This company was formed in 1876, for the manufacture
of leather-board and stiffenings. S. B. Rogers, Homer
Rogers, Stephen Moore, and EH. Andrews, incorporators.
The capital stock is $30,000. HE. Andrews, President;
Stephen Moore, Treasurer. The main factory is 150 by
35 feet, 3 stories, and was erected in 1876, at a cost of about
$5000. The other buildings are the office, stock-houses,
and packing-houses. The establishment is situated on the
lower water-power in the village, at the head of tide-water.
They employ between 60 and 70 hands, and turn out about
three tons of leather-board per day, the goods being dis-
tributed from the company’s office in Boston to all parts of
New England.

These manufacturing establishments are valuable and im-
portant adjuncts to the growth and prosperity of the vil-
lage, and reflect credit upon the citizens who have liberally
encouraged them as well as upon the enterprising members
of the companies.

NEWSPAPERS.

EASTERN STAR.

The early history of newspapers in Kennebunk will be
found in the general chapter on the press of York County.

The Eastern Star is the only paper now published in
town. This paper was started in Biddeford by W. Lester,
in September, 1877, and removed the following January to
Kennebunk. It is a weekly, independent in polities, and
devoted to local interests; W. Lester, proprietor; Marcus
Watson, editor. The paper has a good circulation and a
liberal advertising patronage.

PROMINENT EARLY MEN.

SamugEL Hancock died in 1776. He came to Kenne-
bunk in 1772, having graduated at Harvard College in
1767. He began life here by teaching school at the Land-
ing. He occasionally occupied the pulpit in the absence of
Rev. Mr. Little. After the death of his relative, Mr.
Emerson, he purchased his stock of goods and engaged for
a while in trade. At the time of his death he had partly
finished a small vessel. He was marricd, in 1774, to Tabi-
tha Champeny, of Cambridge, whom he left a widow, and

 

who married John Hubbard, by whom she had one son.
She died Dec. 19, 1816, aged seventy-seven. Her son,
John H. Hubbard, was a young man of bright prospects
and sterling character. While a boy he was clerk in the
store of Daniel Wise. In 1799 he went to sea, and died
December 12th, aged twenty.

TuHEopoRE LyMAN came to Kennebunk from York, and
was clerk in the store of Waldo Emerson. After he
became of age he built a store at Mrs. Nicholas EH. Smart’s
place, where, on the 19th of April, 1775, the day of the
memorable battle of Lexington, he set out the great elms
now standing in front of the house. He married Sarah,
daughter of Waldo Emerson, Nov. 21, 1776, whereby he
came into the possession of the property of his father-in-
law and subsequently became a man of great wealth, build-
ing and employing many vessels in the West India trade.
His wife died Jan. 21, 1784, at the age of twenty-one.
They had two children, who died in infancy. He built a
very fine house, which attracted by its magnificence many
visitors (the present Kingsbury place). One distinguished
visitor in his diary, under date July 27, 1785, says, ‘“ My
wife and I went to Kennebunk to visit Mr. Theodore Ly-
man and his sister Lucy, and to see his seat. It is fit for a
nobleman, and I have seen nothing like it in this country,
and scarcely anywhere.” A very good cut of this house
appears in Judge Bourne’s “ History of Wells and Kenne-
bunk.” On the 7th of February, 1786, he introduced to
this elegant home his second wife, whom he married about
that date. She was Miss Lydia Williams, of Salem, Mass.
But life in the country or so far away from the centres of
social fashion seemed not to please her, and Mr. Lyman, in
1790, removed to Boston, and thence to Waltham, where
he provided himself with a residence still more magnificent,
and where he continued to reside till the close of life. There
he added to his business of navigation and entered largely
into the East India trade. Many vessels were built for
him by John Bourne; the business which he set on foot in
Kennebunk was carried forward by others and added much
to the prosperity of the town.

JosEPH Moopy came from York, and was aclerk in the
store of Mr. Lyman. After a few years he commenced
mercantile business for himself in a store which is the pres-
ent post-office. It stood formerly opposite his house, now
occupied by James M. Stone. Mr. Moody soon became
interested in navigation, and raised himself to independ-
ence. His honesty in dealing and courteous demeanor won
the confidence and esteem of the people. He was chosen
a representative of the town in 1802, and at various times
afterwards. He was president of the Kennebunk Bank
during the whole time of its existence, and town treasurer
many years. He married Maria, daughter of Nathaniel
Barrell, of York, and had four children—Eliza, who mar-
ried William T. Vaughan, of Portland, Joseph Green,
George Barrell, and Theodore Lyman. Joseph and Theo-
dore he educated at Bowdoin College, and George at Har-
vard University. He died July 20, 1839, aged seventy-six.
His widow died Oct. 23, 1869, aged about ninety.

Otiver Keartine, of York, also came to Kennebunk,
under the auspices of Mr. Lyman. He had been educated
for a physician, but finding little scope for practice, turned
TOWN OF KENNEBUNK. 241

 

his attention to business. He built two or three vessels for
Mr. Lyman, and aided him otherwise in business. He
married Mr. Lyman’s sister Lucy, Oct. 8, 1785, and, after
Mr. Lyman’s removal from the town, carried on the estab-
lishment at the Landing.

After his removal the establishment was carried on by
Theodore and Honestus Plummer, who traded there a
short time. In 1806, Mr. Lyman sold the whole stand to
John Bourne, who occupied it during life. He died in 1837.
It then passed into the hands of George W. Bourne and
Henry Kingsbury, who there built many vessels for Lyman
and others.

STEPHEN LARRABEE, who built the famous garrison,
was the son of William Larrabee, who was driven here
from North Yarmouth by the Indians in 1676. The In-
dians, in the later wars, regarded Stephen Larrabee as their
most dangerous enemy. He was brave, resolute, fruitful

“in resources, yet cautious; for he knew the importance of
his own life to the safety of his companions, and also the
pressing anxiety of the Indians to get rid of him. Agga-
wam, a subtle Indian, who had been suspiciously watching
his steps, and who, he had no doubt, was waiting an oppor-
tunity to take his life, fell a victim to his well-aimed gun
one morning as he was examining his traps, and was buried
by the sergeant, with his gun, at the bottom of a valley,
where darkness and silence rested upon his grave for many
years. Larrabee did not disclose the fact till all the Indian
troubles were over. The gun was dug up by Anthony
Littlefield, and kept by him a long time.

Once, in the darkness of the night, several Indians
entered his garrison, the door being left unfastened. For
some cause, instead of going to bed, he had taken his pillow
and laid down by the fire. They supposed him asleep, but
Larrabee’s eye was upon them. They walked cautiously
around him two or three times, as if to assure themselves
that he was asleep. The sergeant made no motion what-
ever; but they delayed their work. Such was their awe
of him that no one had the courage to give the first blow.
He was prepared to ward off any attack, but he determined
to lie still long enough to be satisfied of their real object.
At last he sprang to his feet, and they were off in an
instant. They were never known to attempt his life after-
wards.

Mas. BarnaBas Paumer, of Kennebunk, was born
Jan. 25,1791, in Athens, Me. He was a merchant in
Kennebunk for many years, postmaster from 1818 to
1829, collector of customs from 1829 to 1841, and mem-
ber of the executive council in 1843-44. He was in the
33d United States Infantry in the war of 1812, as a lieu-
tenant.

PHYSICIANS.

Among the early physicians were Dr. Edward Kitchen
Turner, who graduated at Harvard in 1771, settled in
Wells, whence he removed to Kennebunk, and was lost
on a privateer during the Revolution; Dr. Gideon Frost,
who was the immediate successor of Dr. Turner; Dr. Jacob
Fisher, who had been in the service as a soldier, and came
to Kennebunk at the close of the war of the Revolution,
where he died Oct. 27, 1840; Dr. Oliver Keating, who

31

 

came from York in 1785, and established himself at the
Landing. He moved to Boston in 1799. Dr. Thatcher
Goddard was the next physician. He came from Wor-
cester, Mass., and in 1786 settled at Arundel, whence he
removed to Kennebunk in 1790. In 1802 he moved to
Portland and entered into mercantile business. He died
in Boston, leaving several children. Dr. Samuel Emerson
came from Hollis, N. H., to Kennebunk, in 1790. He
graduated at Harvard in 1785; had a long and successful
career in his profession, and died Aug. 7, 1851. His wife
was Olive Barrell, of York, who died June 13, 1844, aged
seventy-three. Of their nine children, Joseph Barrell,
George Barrell, and William Samuel were graduates of
Harvard College; Ralph engaged in mercantile business
in France, whence he removed to San Francisco ; Joseph
studied medicine, and settled in the South ; George engaged
in teaching, and became distinguished among the instructors
in Boston, receiving the degree of LL.D. from Harvard in
1859; William studied medicine, and settled in Alton, IIl.,
where he died in 1837.

MERCHANTS AND BUSINESS MEN.

Some of the early merchants and business men were Joseph
Storer, Samuel Prentice, Benjamin Brown, John Bourne,
Tobias Lord, Jonas Clark, John Low, William Jefferds,
Richard Gilpatrick, Daniel Wise, Michael Wise, Benjamin
Smith, Stephen Titcomb, John Mitchell, John Grant, John
Storer, Hugh McCulloch (father of the late Secretary of
the United States Treasury, who was a native of Kenne-
bunk), William Butland, Nathaniel Cousens, Jeremiah
Hubbard. Sketches of more or less length of these men,
together with those of other early and leading citizens of
Wells, will be found in Judge Bourne’s history.

An account of the lawyers who have practiced in the
town will be found in the history of the Bench and Bar of
the county in this work.

CHURCHES.
THE FIRST CONGREGATIONAL CHURCH (Now UNITARIAN)

was organized March 14, 1751, with 38 members, and Rev.
Daniel Little became the first ordained minister March 17,
1751. He maintained a useful pastorate of nearly fifty
years, possessed much of the missionary spirit, and was
largely instrumental in the organization of numerous
churches in the neighboring towns in this part of the
State.

In 1772 he was appointed by the “Trustees for the
Eastern Mission” for missionary services in the eastern
portion of the district of Maine. His labors under this
appointment in the new settlements were arduous. He
was obliged to travel on horseback through forests, and
much by boat among the islands and on the rivers, and
often was in great peril. In 1774 he went again, extend-
ing his labors to Belfast, Mount Desert, and Castine. He
preached and baptized in barns and private houses. The
people traveled twenty and thirty miles to hear him, and
children walked seven or eight miles to attend his services.
On his way home, there being no bridges, he was frequently
obliged to swim his horse. So frequently was he engaged
242 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

in these eastern missions that he acquired the title of
“ Apostle of the East.” He was not eminent as a preacher,
but as an earnest, devoted Christian worker, and wise and
affectionate pastor, he had few equals. His influence was,
therefore, great in his parish.

It appears from a sketch of his life in Judge Bourne’s
history that he was a member of the American Academy
of Arts and Sciences, and was encouraged by the General
Court to undertake the manufacture of steel in Kennebunk,
in aid of which £450 was voted him. He erected a build-
ing for this purpose near his house at the Landing, which
was subsequently occupied by his son, David Little, and
afterwards by William Tibbets. “A large furnace was
constructed, somewhat resembling a baker’s oven; the
utensils were all prepared agreeable to his instruction, the
material provided and the operations commenced. But,
alas, for all his calculations and the hopes of the public! . . .
There was a stubborn disposition in some of the materials
which all his philosophy could not subdue, and his fond
anticipations were blasted.”

Fifty acres of land were given to Mr. Little by John
Storer, Hsq., of Wells. For many years he resided at the
Landing, owning and occupying the house next above that
of the late George W. Bourne. The four magnificent elms
in front of that house were set out by him. Afterwards
he built and occupied the house on the Sanford road, lately
owned by Paul Stevens.

Probably the more liberal views which have since char-.

acterized the church of which he was the first pastor were
to some extent fostered by him. Judge Bourne relates
that the old covenant upon which the church was first or-
ganized, embodying the common points of the early New
England orthodoxy, was given up, and a new one, in the
handwriting of Mr. Little, substituted for it.. He had
discovered that the old doctrines “ were not sustained by
divine revelation, and all of them were stricken from it.”
This great change was made during the period of his mis-
sionary labor. The new covenant in his handwriting “has
continued to the present day.”

On Saturday, Dec. 4, 1801, Mr. Little attended meeting
in his usual health. The next day, while sitting in his
chair and conversing with his family, paralysis seized him
and terminated his life. An immense concourse gathered
at his funeral. He was interred in the burying-yard near
the store of Bourne & Kingsbury, and a monument erected
over his grave, with the following inscription :

“ Blessed are they who have turned
many to righteousness.

 

This stone
is affectionately dedicated
by the Second Parish in Wells
to the precious memory
of their first Pastor,

The Rev. Daniel Little, A.M., A.S.S.,
who was ordained March 17, 175], lab-
ored with them in peace and love for
fifty years, and died Dee. 5, 1801, H 78.

 

Memento mori, preached his ardent youth,
Memento mori, spoke maturer years,

Memento mori, sighed his latest breath,
Memento mori, now this stone declares.”

 

His successor was Nathaniel Hill Fletcher, ordained
Sept. 3, 1800, and dismissed April 1, 1828. He was fol-
lowed by George W. Wells, ordained Oct. 24, 1827, and
dismissed Oct. 21, 1839; Edward H. Edes, installed Oct.
23, 1839, died May 30, 1845; Wm. C. Tenny, ordained
Oct. 7, 1845, dismissed Jan. 17, 1848; Joshua A. Swan,
ordained Feb. 16, 1850, dismissed by reason of ill health
June 21,1869. His memory is still fresh and sweet to the
people of this parish. Outside of his professional labors
his voice and hand were given to every good work. His
successor in the pastorate to the church is Rev. Charles C.
Vinal, who commenced his ministry in May, 1870, and is
the present incumbent. The first deacons were Richard
Kimball and Stephen Larrabee. Present membership, 70.

Mr. Vinal was born in Scituate, Mass., Sept. 17, 1831;
graduated at Harvard College in 1852; Harvard Divinity
School in 1856; ordained at North Andover in May, 1857,
where he had charge of the church thirteen years, prior
to his settlement in Kennebunk.

A Sunday-school society has been in existence in con-
nection with this parish for over fifty years, and has raised
a large amount of money for various objects. It was in-
strumental in founding the Parish Library, which now con-
tains two thousand volumes. There is also a Parish Benev-
olent Association, founded about twenty years since, having
for its object the relief of the poor generally of the com-
munity.

The present membership of the church is 60, and
about the same in the Sunday-school.

Parish Commiittee.—John A. Lord, Moses Maling,
Daniel Remick; clerk, Joseph Dane; treasurer, Edward
KE. Bourne.

The first church edifice of this parish stood on a lot sub-
sequently occupied by the residence of Elizabeth Kilham,
next below the Adam McCullough homestead, and was built
by the self-sacrifice of a small band of resolute men and
women during the hard times of the French war in 1749,
when the money of the country was so depreciated as to be
of little value. “It probably,” says the historian, “ cost
them more than all the personal property which they had.”
James Hubbard was the architect. All the nails for it
were wrought at the anvil. It was a two-story house, 30
feet long. The worshipers met in it during the winter, be-
fore it was clapboarded and while the upper windows were
not glazed,—and in those days there was no such thing as
fire in a church. The zeal and joy of the good people kept
them warm; for they were glad to get a place to worship
God in near at home, and not be obliged longer, as they
had done, to go seven or eight miles to the church of the
First Parish in Wells. It was with a hard struggle that
they finally obtained the consent of the old parish to hold
separate religious services, and the meagre assistance of the
town for the support of preaching was by no means cheer-
fully rendered. Finally they obtained a vote, and the new
parish was incorporated under the name of the “Second
Congregational Society in Wells,” in June, 1750.

THE UNION EVANGELICAL CHURCH (CONGREGATIONAL)

was organized Aug. 15, 1826, and Daniel Campbell was in-
stalled over it Dec. 5, 1826, and dismissed June 10, 1828.
 

loner

His great-grandfather, John, was born at New-
ington, N. H., in 1692, removed to Kittery Point,
York Co., Me., in June, 1717, and October 21st of
the same year married Mary, daughter of John
Bickford, of Newington, N. H. They had seven
children. He died June 3, 1748. His wife died
March 26, 1765.

Gideon, his second son, born in Kittery, Oct. 12,
1719, married, Feb. 23, 1741, Miss Hannah Palmer,
He re-
moved to Kennebunkport in 1745, where his wife
died March 9, 1792. For his second wife he mar-
ried Miss Hannah Lassell, of Kennebunkport. He
died April 4, 1805.

By his first wife he had ten children, of whom

of Rowley, Mass. She was born in 1719.

Andrew, the father of Deacon Palmer Walker, was
born in Kennebunkport, April 2, 1760, and at the
age of thirteen was apprenticed to a saddle and har-
In 1782 he pur-

chased property in Kennebunkport, and commenced

ness maker at Portsmouth, N. H.

business for himself. He married, Feb. 23, 1786,
Susannah (born Noy. 25, 1765), daughter of John
Merrill, of Topsham, Me. Of this union were born
He died May 15, 1842. His wife
died Oct. 23, 1853.

eleven children.

 

Wt enw

Deacon Palmer Walker was born in Kennebunk-

port, York Co., Me., Oct. 15, 1795. He attended
school at Limerick Academy in 1812; came to the
village of Kennebunk, July 1, 1817, where he opened
a shop for the manufacture and sale of saddles, trunks,
and harness. He was one of three who, in 1840,
built the village Baptist church, and was a deacon
of this church from its organization in 1834 until
his death, Feb. 17, 1878.

bequeathed to the Kennebunk Baptist Church his

Prior to his decease he

pews in the church, all the books belonging to him,
and one thousand dollars, the interest of which was
to be used towards maintaining a regular Baptist
minister. He married, Noy. 9, 1820, Eliza, daugh-
ter of Robert Towne, Esq., of Kennebunkport, who
died Oct. 16, 1866, at the age of seventy years.
Their only daughter, Susan M., is the wife of Charles
T. Trafton, M.D., of South Berwick.

Deacon Walker was a Democrat, joined the Free-
Soil party upon its organization, and was a strong
anti-slavery man. He was a man of independent
thought and action, a worthy citizen, a good neigh-
bor, and a Christian man. He remained constant
in his profession of religion from his conversion,

April 22, 1827, until his death.
yi

TOWN OF KENNEBUNK.

243

 

Beriah Green followed, by ordination, July 31, 1829.; dis:
missed to become teacher of Oneida Institute, Whitestown,
N. Y., Sept. 28, 1830. Joseph Fuller was installed Sept.
29, 1830; dismissed July 16,1834. Josiah W. Powers,
installed Nov. 5, 1834; dismissed Aug. 17,1837. George
W. Cressey, ordained July 9, 1840; dismissed Nov. 12,
1851. William H. Wilcox, installed March 4, 1852; dis-
missed June 8, 1857. J. Evarts Pond became stated sup-
ply from June, 1857, to October of same year. Granville
Wardwell, stated supply from December, 1857, to April,
1858. Franklin EH. Fellows, ordained Dee. 15, 1858; dis-
missed Nov. 28,1865. Walter E. Darling began as stated
supply, Jan. 1, 1866; installed as pastor March 20th of
same year, and remained till Nov. 9, 1876, when he was
dismissed, and removed to Farmington, N. H. He was
succeeded by Rev. Leonard Z. Ferris, from April, 1877, to
October, 1878. In May, 1879, Rev. George A. Lockwood
was installed over the society, and is the present pastor.

Rev. Mr. Lockwood graduated at Yale College in 1866,
and studied theology at the Union Theological Seminary in
New York, graduating in 1870. Previous to his settlement
in Kennebunk he was minister nine years in Oxford, Me.

The church numbers 88 members at the present time
(1879), and 100 members in the Sunday-school.

The church edifice of this society is a neat and commo-
dious building in modern style, and occupies a pleasant
situation in the village.

BAPTIST CHURCHES.

In 1803 the first Baptist Church in Kennebunk was
formed, and consisted of 15 members, some of whom re-
sided on the eastern and some on the western side of Ken-
nebunk River, near Alewives. The Rev. Joshua Roberts
became its first pastor, and, respected and useful in the
church, remained till about 1831, when he resigned. It
then numbered 63 members, and was in a flourishing con-
dition. It was called Second Wells till 1812; from that
time till 1820, East Parish in Wells; since 1820, Kenne-
bunk. After the resignation of Elder Roberts the Rev.
Samuel Robbins succeeded in 1833. It was destitute of
preaching in 1834. Rev. Shubael Tripp began his ministry
here in 1835, which terminated by death in 1837. He
was a faithful minister, and his loss was much felt. The
church was destitute in 1837. It was supplied by Charles
Emerson in 1838, and by Elias McGregor in 1839-40, by
Rev. John Hubbard in 1841-42, and the Rev. Gideon
Cook followed. From Elder Roberts’ resignation to the
present, the church has not received additions sufficient to
keep good the losses occasioned by death and removals. It
was further weakened by dismission of members to form
a church in south part of Lyman. In 1841 its members
were reduced to 20. Owing to its feeble condition it was
deemed advisable to sell the old church building, which
was done in 1844, and an agreement made to build a new
one with the Free-Will Baptists, who had hitherto wor-
shiped in private dwellings and school-houses. The union
effort resulted in the erection of a meeting-house in 1847 ;
the minister to be supplied one year by one society, and by
the other the next. A good degree of harmony prevailed,
and the church now numbers 30. The arrangement mili-

 

tates against a settled ministry. This year, 1871, they are
supplied by Eugene Thomas, from Newton, Mass. The
first deacons were Maj. John Taylor and David Ross. Dea-
con Taylor, one of the original members of this church,
died Oct. 20, 1838, very much respected and lamented.
As age disqualified him from acting in his office he re-
signed, and Deacon George Taylor was chosen in his place.

The Baptist Church at the village was organized July
16, 1834, with a membership of 17, in Washington Hall,
where the society was accustomed to hold meetings. The
Rev. Joseph Ballard preached on the occasion. Thomas
O. Lincoln, a graduate of the Newton Theological Institu-
tion, became its first pastor soon after it was constituted,
and labored successfully about two years, the church re-
ceiving pleasing additions during his ministry. For nearly
three years succeeding Mr. Lincoln the church was without
a pastor or stated preaching, and diminished in numbers
and ability. In the summer of 1839 Mr. J. W. Harris, a
licentiate, was employed, and bis ministrations proving ac-
ceptable to the people he was ordained pastor Oct. 15, 1840.
He remained till 1842, when he resigned. It was during
his pastorate, May 14, 1840, that the corner-stone of the
meeting-house was laid, and the building was dedicated
October 15th following; sermon by Rev. Mr. Colby. Rev.
Gideon Cook succeeded in 1843; Rev. Mr. Joy, Decem-
ber, 1845; Rev. Mr. Boyd, April, 1849; from 1850 to
1854 the church was destitute of a settled pastor. Mr.
Barrows began a pastorate in May, 1854, which terminated
October, 1855. In June, 1856, the Rev. Edmund Worth,
present pastor, began his labors. Since the organization of
the church 175 have been added. Present membership, 55.
Among those worthy of mention as its firm and substantial
supporters during its early history are Capt. Ralph Curtis,
Parker Fall, Oliver Littlefield, and Deacon Palmer Walker,
who had been deacon from the organization of the church
in 1834 till his death, which occurred in 1878, a period of
forty-four years.

A chapel costing about $900 was built in 1874, and in
1877 a Female Missionary Society was organized for the
purpose of aiding foreign missions. The Sunday-school
numbers about 75 members.

The first Free-Will Baptist Church of Kennebunk and
Kennebunkport was organized Nov. 19, 1842, by Elders
Boyd, Lord, and Scott, and consisted of 10 members. Their
meetings were held in private dwellings and in the school-
house, at which Elder Boyd and others occasionally
preached. On July 9, 1843, a Bible-class and Sabbath-
school was commenced. In 1844 they were favored with
the ministry of Amaziah Dutch, but he was removed by
death, Aug. 8, 1845. The old Baptist meeting-house being
offered for sale, this society bought it at auction, Sept. 14,
1844. In 1846 they were without regular preaching. In
1847 they united their efforts with the Baptist Society of
the neighborhood and built the present meeting-house,
which was to be supplied, according to their article of agree-
ment, alternately with a Baptist and a Free-Will minister.
Elder J. H. Marston was their minister in 1848, and again
in 1850 and 1851. Elder L. H. Witham in 1852, and
likewise in 1854. In 1870, Rev. Perkins Smith occupied
the pulpit. Membership, 17.
244 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

METHODIST CHURCHES.

The West Kennebunk Methodist Society originated in a
class of 6 members, formed in 1818, by John Adams.
Isaac Dowing was the first class-leader, followed by Jere-
miah Cousens and Samuel Kimball. Of this society the
records are meagre. From 1839 to 1842 it formed part of
a mission circuit, and had Silas M. Emerson for a preacher
a portion of the time. In 1842 it was a distinct charge,
called Alewives, and a church was formed of 60 or more
members by Mr. Emerson. When the first meeting-house
was built is not known. In 1846 the house now stand-
ing was erected, and John Mitchell was first pastor. The
formation of other churches in this neighborhood has so
reduced the members of this society that it has not sus-
tained preaching for some years, and is now absorbed in the
Depot Church. Israel Downing, a local preacher in Ken-
nebunkport, and descendant of the first class-leader, did much
to keep the church alive, and was sometimes its preacher.

The Methodist Society of Kennebunk village is first
noticed on the records as a mission in 1839-40; and with
two other little societies in the neighborhood was known as
Kennebunkport Mission. In 1841-42 three preachers were
sent to labor on the mission, viz., Charles Bragdon, Francis
Masseure, and Silas M. Emerson. In 1842 and 1843 it
was a distinct charge, and called Saco Road. Moses Palmer
was the preacher in charge in 1843; John Clough in
1843-44 ; Silas Cummings in 1845-46. In 1847 and
1848 it was known as Kennebunk, and Wm. D. Jones
had charge. John Rice was preacher in charge during
1849-50. In 1850 it was known as Kennebunk Centre.
In 1851 it was separated and took the name of Kennebunk
village, and left to be supplied. In 1852 it was united with
the society on Saco Road and called Kennebunkport Centre ;
J. Stone was preacher in charge. It separated in 1853,
and was known as Kennebunk Mission, and L. A. Crafts
appointed in charge, but Ezekiel Smith supplied. The mem-
bership stood 24, and 9 probationers. In 1854, Ezekiel
Smith was appointed preacher in charge. John Cobb, in
1855-56; R. H. Stinchfield in 1857-58. While Mr.
Stinchfield was in charge the church was built, and in
1859 it took its present name,—Kennebunk. In 1859,
S. W. Hyde was preacher; A. R. Sylvester in 1860;
Thos. H. Gifford in 1861. In 1862, Charles Mason was
appointed, but after three months became chaplain of the
8th Maine Volunteers, and the remainder of the year it
was supplied by J. N. Caldwell, who was appointed for
the years 1863-64. In 1864, Miss Sarah M. Burham
died, and by will left her house and lot in the village
on Dane Street to the Methodist Society while used as
a parsonage. In 1865, 8. Roy was preacher in charge ; in
1866, Stephen Allen; John Collins in 1867-68; G. W.
Balton in 1869; John A. Strout, 1870-72; G. F. Cobb,
1872-75 ; William H. Foster, 1876; J. M. Woodbury,
1877-78 ; J. Cobb, 1879-80. Membership (including 15
probationers), 75. Sunday-school, 100. Superintendent,
William Fairfield.

As the village about the depot grew, the Methodists occu-
pied the field by preaching and religious services, and suffi-
cient encouragement warranted the erection of a meeting-
house there, which was done in 1868, and a church organ-

 

ized, consisting of 25 members. The church building was
dedicated September 23, 1868, by Rev. Joseph Colby.
Israel Downing was largely instrumental in gathering the
church and was its first pastor. He was followed by Con-
ference appointments of John H. Pillsbury and Frost 8.
Dresser, and in the spring of 1871 Charles W. Blackman
became pastor. In 1871 good site was secured for a par-
sonage, and a very comfortable one erected for the use of the
minister. Probable value of church property, $3500.

The present pastor is Rev. W. B. Bartlett.

The church of the Second Adventists first became a dis-
tinct religious body about 1846. Their first place of wor-
ship was fitted up in 1847, and is now occupied as a dwell-
ing. Their present meeting-house was erected in 1852.
They have never had a settled minister, their pulpit being
supplied by traveling preachers.

PRINCIPAL PLACES OF BUSINESS.

The principal places of business in the town are the vil-
lage, the landing, and the depot.

Kennebunk village is by far the most populous and
wealthy centre of trade in the town. It is well laid out,
and contains a large number of fine residences and stores.
It contains four churches, a high school, several large man-
ufacturing establishments, the Ocean National Bank, Jo-
seph Dane, President ; Christopher Littlefield, Cashier ; the
Kennebunk Savings Bank, Joseph Titcomb, President;
Joseph Dane, Treasurer; a weekly newspaper, the Hastern
Star, W. Lester Watson, publisher ; Marcus Watson, editor.

Among the leading merchants are W. Downing, C. L.
Dresser, M. H. Ford, J. Cousens, J. G. Littlefield, W.
Fairfield, F. P. Hall, Tobias S. Nason, dry-goods and gro-
ceries ; G. W. Wallingford, L. Richards, 8. Clark, O. Ross &
Co., drugs and medicines ; J. Getchell, stoves and hardware.

The lawyers are Joseph Dane, Edward E. Bourne, James
M. Stone, and A. E. Haley. The physicians are Orrin
Ross, Lemuel Richards, Frank M. Ross, J. B. Wentworth,
and E. W. Morton.

The Boston and Maine Railroad, whose station is at the
edge of the village, supplies all needed facility for com-
munication and travel east and west, and the merchant ma-
rine, of which about fifty vessels are owned in Kennebunk,
affords all other needed advantage for trade and commerce.
The Eastern Railroad passes through the town about two
miles north of the village, at which point quite a little vil-
lage has sprung up.

The principal hotel in the village is the Mousam House,
by John G. Baker. It is an old and well-established place
of entertainment.

The population of the town in 1870 was 2603; valua-
tion of estates, $1,577,504.

 

BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES.

DANIEL REMICH,

son and only child of James K. and Elizabeth (Twombly)
Remich, was born in Dover, N. H., April 11, 1809, and
was brought to Kennebunk when three months old. He
 

 
 
TOWN OF KENNEBUNK. 245

 

was fitted for Yale College, but was compelled by an affec-
tion of the eyes to abandon the idea of pursuing a collegiate
course, and for more than a year, by direction of his medi-
cal adviser, did not read as much as a page of a book.
Partially recovering from his trouble, he took charge of his
father’s bookstore, occasionally working in the printing-
office. Pursued the business of a bookseller about forty
years.

He was editor of the Kennebunk (Gazette fifteen years.
Was chosen by a young men’s county convention one of
the delegates to represent York County in the Young Men's
National Republican Convention held in Washington in
1832. Again, by a county convention, a delegate to rep-
resent York County in the Whig National Convention held
in Baltimore in 1840.

He was chairman of the committee of arrangements for
the Whig County celebration held in Kennebunk July 4,
1840, believed to be the largest, and, in its results, the
most important political gathering in the State up to that
time.

Mr. Remich was collector of the customs for the Dis-
trict of Kennebunk from 1841 to 1845, and again from
1849 to 1853. As agent of the War Department he had
charge of the piers at the mouth of Kennebunk River for
several years. A considerable part of the stone pier on the
eastern side of the channel was built under his superin-
tendence.

He was chairman of the supervisory school committee of
Kennebunk some thirty years, and has been chairmau of
supervisory school committee of School District No. 5, in
said town, since its incorporation.

He held the office of town agent one year, when he de-
clined a re-election. He held the office of town treasurer
in 1865; again in 1867, and continuously to this date.
He was appointed town historian, and delivered a historical
address before citizens of Kennebunk and vicinity July 4,
1876.

He has delivered temperance and lyceum lectures, has
been secretary of temperance and literary societies, and has
served on many committees appointed by town and district
to consider and report upon matters of public interest.

Mr. Remich married Ann Twombly, daughter of Capt.
James Twombly, of Durham, N. H., June 20,1854. They
have no children, but have an adopted daughter,—Carrie
Etta Remich.

JAMES KINSMAN REMICH

was born in Dover, N. H., April 30,1783. At the age
of fifteen he entered the printing-office of his uncle, Samuel
Bragg, Jr., as an apprentice, having received as good an
education as the public and private schools of the time in
that locality afforded. With good natural abilities and
studious and moral habits, this position was an excellent one
for him, inasmuch as he had access to a good library,—a
privilege he well improved,—while the every-day labors in
the office could not fail to acquaint him with passing events
in our own country and abroad and to store his mind with
other useful knowledge. Mr. Bragg was a prominent and
an influential man in the State, was proprietor and editor

 

| of the Dover Sun, and the publisher of several valuable
| works, historical and miscellaneous.

Soon after completing his apprenticeship, Mr. Remich

was employed as a journeyman in the office of the Boston

Gazette, then a semi-weekly, Russell & Cutler proprietors
and editors, where he remained two or three years. In
1808, having supplied himself with the necessary apparatus
(at the earnest request of his uncle, who frequently needed
his services), he opened a job-office, temporarily, in Dover,
while looking for a desirable place for a permanent location.
In June, of this year, he was married to Elizabeth Twombly,
daughter of Reuben Twombly, then late of Madbury, N. H.,
and well known as the former owner and operator of a
large farm in Madbury, and as a member of a mercantile

” firm in Portsmouth.

At the solicitation of several friends who had, in previous

years, removed from Dover and Berwick to Kennebunk,
’ and who were at the time among the most prominent and

influential citizens of the town, Mr. Remich concluded to
establish himself in business there, and on the 24th day of
Juue, 1809, he issued the first number of the Weekly
Visitor. At this time there were only five newspapers
published in Maine, viz., two in Portland and one in each
of the towns of Hallowell, Augusta, and Castine; the two
last named, however, were discontinued a short time subse-
quently, for want of patronage. Three times previously to
this date attempts had been made to maintain a newspaper
in Kennebunk, but in each case, after a brief trial, the
enterprise was abandoned as profitless. For three or four
years Mr. Remich was obliged to contend against many
difficulties, and at one time had determined to remove his
establishment to South Berwick, but, at the urgent request
of friends in Kennebunk, and other towns in the county,
he consented to remain another year. Unexpected occur-
rences, during the year, gave a favorable turn to his affairs;
the circulation of his paper was increased, and his business
in every department became remunerative and satisfactory.
At the commencement of its fifth volume the Visitor was
enlarged. After the incorporation of the town, in 1820,
the paper was again enlarged, and its title changed to Ken-
nelunk Gazette, and in 1831 he purchased the printing
apparatus and good-will of the Maine Palladiwm,—for
several years published in Saco,—when his paper was for
the third time enlarged, and its title changed to Kennebunk
Gazette and Maine Palladium. In June, 1842, on the
completion of the thirty-third volume of the paper, the
Gazette was discontinued, not so much in consequence of
lack of patronage as for the purpose of settling up the very
large number of outstanding accounts, which had been
suffered to remain unadjusted and uncollected until earnest
attention to them became a matter of imperative necessity ;
and this course was adopted as the only one by which the
desired end could be accomplished, inasmuch as Mr. Remich
had satisfied himself upon repeated experiments that, while
he was in any way connected with the publication of the
paper, a satisfactory adjustment of them could not be effected.
It was not designed to permanently relinquish the publica-
tion of the Guzette, but no effort was made for its resusci-
tation, for the reason that, after a year’s retirement, Mr.
Reich preferred employment on his farm to active business
246 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

pursuits, and his son, under whose editorial management
the paper had been for some fifteen years preceding its dis-
continuance, having other business, and possessing no es-
pecial fondness for the vocation of publisher and editor, did
not wish to engage in the undertaking.

Mr. Remich, as a politician, was a Federalist until the
disintegration of that party, subsequently a Whig. Al-
though popular and influential, and an earnest and inde-
fatigable worker for the success of his party, he never held
a public office. His friends frequently solicited him to
become a candidate for State senator, town representative,
selectman, etc., but he invariably and sturdily refused. A
copy of a letter to a friend in Berwick, in reply to a request
that he would consent to be nominated for State senator,
gives his reasons: “In the first place, I have no desire
for office of any kind,—town, county, State, or national;
in the second place, I would not leave my home three
months in a year for the best office in the gift of the people;
and in the third place, my business demands my constant
presence and care,—‘ united we stand,’ ete... . I thank
you sincerely for your kind letter, but no candidacy for
me, now or ever.” In religious faith, Mr. Remich’s views
accorded with those held by the Unitarian denomination.

Daniel Remich, the son (and only child) of the subject
of this memoir, in a letter to a committee of the York In-
stitute, at Saco, presenting to that institution the thirty-
three bound volumes of his father’s paper, says, “ I consider
the volumes of my father’s paper exceedingly valuable, not
only because they furnish an interesting account of gen-
eral events during the years that the paper was published,
but especially because they afford an important contribution
to the political history of the State during a most exciting
period. As it was for several years the only paper in the
county, its columns were open to all parties, and among its
correspondents were many of the most distinguished men
of the period. To myself, however, these volumes are of
inestimable value as a part of the life’s work—the toil, the
perseverance, and the unyielding firmness in defense of what
he believed the right—of my honored father, who now
‘rests from his labors.’ He was, I think, the first news-
paper editor in the State who openly and fearlessly espoused
the cause of temperance, and, notwithstanding his action
in this particular cost him the loss of personal friends, of
patronage, and of political influence, he never for a moment
faltered in the work. For a number of years his office was
a favorite resort of many of the prominent supporters of the
temperance movement in this State and elsewhere.”

James K. Remich died Sept. 3, 1863. He was an
honest, industrious, and energetic man, a reliable friend,
and his record as a citizen will show that he was among the
foremost in many movements for the public good. His
naturally strong constitution had been perceptibly breaking
down for two years previous to his death, and the pains and
infirmities of old age were visited heavily upon him. He
was confined to his chamber only three weeks, but during
this time his sufferings were very great. Still, not a mur-
mur escaped his lips, not even a sign of impatience did he
manifest. He passed away without a struggle or a groan,
and breathed his last “as gently and as peacefully as the
infant slumbers.”

 

GENEALOGICAL.

James K. Remich, the subject of the foregoing memoir,
was the son of James and Mary (Kinsman) Remich, of
Dover, N. H.

James Remich was the son of Capt. David and
(Whittier) Remich, and was born in Haverhill, Mass., Aug.
15, 1760. In 1782 he married Mary Kinsman, of Ips-
wich, who was left an orphan at an early age, and thence-
forth until her marriage was a member of the family of
“old Dr. Manning,” of Ipswich, her uncle and guardian.
In 1776, James Remich enlisted, in Haverhill, Mass., as
a member of Capt. Marsh’s company (Col. Pickering’s
regiment). His term of service having expired, he again
enlisted (August, 1777), in Captain Haton’s company (Col.
Johnson’s regiment), and remained in the service until after
the capture of Burgoyne; was a participant in the battle
of Oct. 7, 1777, and was in one of the lines of the victo-
rious army between which the surrendered British army
passed. He enlisted twice subsequently for short terms, in
response to calls for troops for special service. He removed
from Haverhill to Berwick in 1781, from thence to Dover
in 1792, and from thence, in 1795, to Barrington, where he
died July 18, 1836.

David Remich removed from Charlestown to Haverhill
in early manhood. He married Whittier, a descendant
of Col. John Whittier, one of the early settlers of Haver-
hill. They had five sons and three daughters. All the
sons were in the country’s service,—three in the army
(one of whom died while in the service) and two in the
navy (one of whom was killed in an engagement). David
was commissioned second lieutenant of Capt. Gideon Par-
ker's company, attached to Col. Willard’s regiment, by
Gov. Pownal, of ‘‘ Massachusetts Bay,” May 21, 1759 ; was
at Ticonderoga, Crown Point, etc. He distinguished himself
for bravery while in the service; was promoted to a cap-
taincy, and received a grant of a township of land in Maine.

The father of David (so says a family tradition) emi-
grated from England to this country near the middle of
the eighteenth century, landed at Boston, and made Charles-
town his place of residence; was a “decorative painter
and wonderfully skilled in his profession.” It is also a family
tradition that the last named and a brother came to this
country together ; that the brother made Kittery his place
of residence, and that the many persons bearing the name
in Kittery and Eliot are his descendants. Remich is a
German surname, and it is probable that the above-named
brothers were not more than two or three generations re-
moved from the German stock. The name properly spelled
gives h as the terminal letter, and not & as generally written.

 

 

JAMES OSBORN

was born in Kennebunk, May 24, 1793, and resided there
until his death, Oct. 25, 1876. He married, May 17,
1821, Lydia, daughter of Seth and Lydia (Lassel) Burn-
ham, of Kennebunkport. She was born May 10, 1786,
died Dec. 24, 1858. Their children are Pamelia Parsons,
born June 28, 1824, now residing at Kennebunk ; Mary
Ann, born Feb. 10, 1827, married, Sept. 5, 1854, Edward
 
TOWN OF KENNEBUNK.

P. Burnham, of Saco. Mr. Osborn married, Oct. 24, 1859,
Mrs. Hannah Gilpatrick (born Sept. 14, 1806), who sur-
vives him. Mr. Osborn was a trader for sixty years, occu-
pying the same store at the corner of Main Street, and that
leading to Alfred. He was a Jacksonian Democrat, and was
postmaster from 1829 to 1841; senator, 1845; collector
of customs for the district of Kennebunk, 1845 to 1847.
From 1847 to 1872, he was interested in navigation. For
twenty-one years he was an officer of artillery in the mi-
litia, viz., lieutenant, 1819 to 1823; captain, 1823 to
1825; major, 1825 to 1840.
dustrious man of business.

He was a careful and in-
He was a firm believer in
the doctrine of universal salvation, having a child-like trust
in his Heavenly Father's love for all. He possessed de-
cided opinions, and had a kind and benevolent nature, ever
ready to aid the poor. His father, James Osborn, born in
Charlestown, Mass., Feb. 20, 1760, was the son of John and
Mary (Kidder) Osborn. He was six years in the army of
the Revolution; was a fifer, and the close of his service,
fife-major; wasa part of the time in Capt. Jabez Lane’s com-
pany, and was under Col. Nickerson and Col. Wm. Hull ;
was at the battle of Saratoga. He was afterwards in a priva-
teer of fourteen guns, which captured an armed vessel on

247

 

the coast of Ireland. He was put on board the prize,
which was recaptured, and taken to Halifax; he escaped
and walked home through the woods in winter. From
1782 to 1784, he was a clerk in the store of Dr. Ivory
Hovey, of Berwick, and June 24, 1784, married Nancy,
daughter of Samuel and Lydia (Wallingford) Lord, of
Berwick. She was born June 7, 1762, and died Jan. 10,
1832. He came to Kennebunk, in 1784, as clerk for To-
bias Lord. In 1792 he built the house in which he resided
until his death, Nov. 10,1836. For many years he taught
school in Kennebunk and the neighboring towns. His
other children were John, born 1785, died 1861 ; married,
1850, Mrs. Paulina Ford. Mary, born 1786, died 1868.
Samuel L., born 1788, died 1857; married, 1820, Mary
Woods. James Osborn, Sr.’s, father, was John, born at
Charlestown, Sept. 25, 1737; was a chocolate-grinder, who
died in 1764, at Granada, while on a voyage to obtain
cocoa. He married, March 4, 1757, Mary, daughter of
Isaac Kidder, and who, after his death, married Paul Wy-
man, of Woburn. His other son was John, born 1758,
died in Ware, 1838. John, the chocolate-grinder, was
son of James and Mary (Lane) Osborn, and grandson of
Elkanah and Elizabeth Osborn, all of Charlestown.

 

JOSEPH HATCH.

JOSEPH HATCH

was born in Wells, York Co., Me., Oct. 10, 1766. He
was the eldest son of Joshua and Susanna (Heath ) Hatch.
They had nine children: 1, Ann, who married Joseph
Woodcock, of Boston. She died Sept. 22, 1855, aged
ninety-one. They had two children, who died in infancy ;
2, Joseph; 3, Jotham, died (unmarried) March 14, 1794;
4, Elizabeth, married Jotham Clark, of Wells. They had

four children, none of whom survive; 5, Samuel, married
Mary Gilman, of Exeter, N. H., where he settled in early
manhood, and died Feb. 22, 1861, aged eighty-seven. His
wife, though in health at his decease, survived but forty-
five hours. They had nine sons and one daughter. John-
son Hatch, Esq., of Jacksonville, Ill, alone survives; 6,
Mary, married Benjamin Bourne, of Wells. They had
nine children, none of whom survive; 7, Johnson, married
248 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

Jane Averill, of Alfred. He died at Trinidad, Dec. 21,
1805, aged twenty-six, leaving one child,—Jane Johnson,
the wife of Oliver Bourne, Esq., of Kennebunkport; 8,
Susanna, married Samuel Black Littlefield, of Wells. She
died May 3, 1806, aged twenty-four, leaving one son,—
Christopher,—now residing in Kennebunk; 9, Abigail,
died (unmarried) in Boston, Feb. 15, 1852, aged sixty-six.

Joshua, the father, was the son of Joseph and Jerusha
Hatch, and the grandson of Samuel, of whom honorable
mention is made in Judge Bourne’s “ History of Wells” as
serving on several committees chosen for important civil
and parochial purposes. He lived to a great age, attending
court at Alfred as a witness when upwards of ninety years
of age. Like one of still more ancient times, he was greatly
attached to his son Joseph. Tradition says that one day,
during the absence of the latter, the aged father sat at his
door, inquiring of every passer-by if they had seen his son
Joseph. One man, after replying in the negative, added,
“T have not been to the land of Egypt.” - Although
Samuel had five elder sons, he devised his homestead farm,
with all its appurtenances, to his son Joseph. His will was
executed Feb. 7, 1741. The farm descended through
Joshua to the subject of this sketch.

Joseph died March 9, 1752, aged forty-two.
Jerusha, died Jan. 3, 1776, aged sixty-four.
two sons,—Joshua and one who died young.

Joshua took up arms in the service of his country during
the Revolutionary war, being engaged in the battles of Ti-
conderoga and Crown Point. He died Jan.9,1807. His
wife, Susanna Heath, was born in Boston. She was the
granddaughter of Joseph and Hannah (Goff) Parsons, of
that town. She died Dec. 28, 1805.

Joseph, being the eldest son of Joshua, took upon him-
self—although only eleven years of age—the care of the
family during his father’s absence in the war. He culti-
vated to his best ability the homestead farm, securing also
all that was possible of the scanty educational advantages
of the times. When Theodore Lyman was selling corn at
two dollars per bushel, it is probable that other articles were
correspondingly exorbitant in price; so the lad, with a char-
acteristic ingenuity and skill which continued through life,
carved for his use an inkstand of wood, and, in order to fill
it, compounded from various kinds of bark an article so
excellent that the schoolmaster inquired where he obtained
such good ink.

As years passed on the young man,—born in full view
of the ocean,—wearied probably of the monotony of the
farm, and longing to see more of the world, entered upon a
seafaring life. It was asserted by his shipmates that
having never heard a profane word fall from his lips, they
determined to compel him to utter what they probably con-
sidered essential to the qualifications of a seaman. Ac-
cordingly, they one day confined him in the hold of the
vessel, where preparations had been made to smoke him
into a compliance with their wishes, but without success.
Whether this was a fact or a myth, it equally proves the
firm stand which he took at this early period of his life for
uprightness of character. We have no hesitancy in assert-
ing that no one in the course of his long life ever heard him
utter a profane oath. As a navigator he was so prosperous,

His wife,
They had

 

making swift, safe, and successful voyages, that it was play-
fully declared by other shipmasters that Captain Hatch had
a“ track of his own to the West Indies,” by which he was
enabled to go and return in safety. While master of a vessel
he never met with a disaster nor lost a man. His success
was probably owing to his acute observation of all sights
and sounds bearing on the safety of his vessel. Subse-
quently, when engaged in agricultural pursuits, the same
keen perception of the agency of nature enabled him to fore-
tell with great accuracy the changes of weather.

On the 16th day of November, 1797, Capt. Hatch was
married, by the Rev. Dr. Hemmenway, to Miss Hannah
Littlefield, of Wells, daughter of Daniel and Hannah (Low)
Littlefield. She was born July 28,1774. Her father, Maj.
Littlefield, is represented in “ Bourne’s History of Wells”
as a “‘ brave man and valiant officer ;’”’ as one of the “ most
careful and energetic men” of the town; as one of “its
most valuable citizens, whose services the country needed.”
He was killed in the battle of Bagaduce, “ his loss being
deeply felt throughout the town.” She died Dec. 15,
1846, aged seventy-two. Of this union were born nine
children: 1, Joseph, who married Mary E., daughter of
Benjamin and Sarah (Gilpatrick) Smith. He died Feb.
28, 1856, aged fifty-eight. His widow died Dec. 6, 1874,
aged seventy-four. 2, Mary P., who died Dec. 24, 1874,
aged seventy-four. 3, Charlotte, who died May 23, 1822,
aged twenty. 4, Hannah A., who died Jan. 31, 1863, aged
fifty-eight. 5, Daniel L., now living in Kennebunk, who mar-
ried Mary T., daughter of Robert and Elizabeth (Couch)
Smith. She died Jan. 5, 1855, aged forty-three. He subse-
quently married Julia A., daughter of Joshua and Hannah
(Littlefield) Thompson. 6, Susan, who died June 13, 1812,
aged four. 7, Elizabeth W., residing in Kennebunk. 8,
Emeline L., who married Edwin Manley, of North Easton,
Mass. She died in Taunton, Aug. 11,1872. 9, Susan,
who married Capt. Tobias Lord, son of Samuel and Hannah
(Jefferds) Lord. He died June 5, 1839, aged twenty-six.
In 1853 she married Hon. E. E. Bourne.

It was the intention of the father to give his eldest son a
collegiate education, and to this end sent him three years to
Phillips (Exeter) Academy, but at the close of that period
he acquiesced in the son’s preference for a business life.

In 1800, Capt. Hatch purchased forty-five acres of land of
Jacob Wakefield, in that portion of the town called Kenne-
bunk, and erected the same year the house now occupied by
his daughters. The Wakefield house, of one story, stood
between the new house and the road, which at that time was
merely wide enough for the passage of an ox-team; subse-
quently, when building a new fence on the opposite side, the
owner threw into the highway fifteen feet of land, which,
with the site of the old house, made the road its present
width. About the year 1802 he retired from a seafaring
life, but, retaining his interest in several vessels, continued
to prosecute the West India trade until the war of 1812
rendered it no longer profitable. He then entered more
fully into agricultural pursuits, adding to his farm by pur-
chasing the estate of John Chadbourne (now owned and
occupied by his son, Daniel L. Hatch), and also woodland
of Joseph Storer, now owned by the Boston and Maine
Railroad Company.
I ea

 

Photo. by Conant, Portland.

STEPHEN H. BERRY.

VEECEIEHOPHEE CECE EEE PAMELA TA Tn
AT

 

ark eans ro

 

 

RESIDENCE OF THE LATE GAPT. S. H. BERRY,
BAR MILLS, MAINE,
TOWN OF BUXTON. 249

 

In politics Capt. Hatch was a Whig, always feeling a
strong interest in the welfare of his country, and faithfully
discharging his duties as a citizen, but in no sense a dema-
gogue, and never denunciatory of those with whom he dif-
fered. The next year after the organization of the town of
Kennebunk he was elected one of the board of selectmen,
continuing in that office from 1821 to 1827, inclusive.
Political and professional eminence is often attained without
the solid foundation of integrity and uprightness. While
he never achieved the former, the latter were the corner-
stones on which he built up a character of undeviating
honesty and Christian fidelity.

Ever ready to espouse any measure having for its object
the welfare or progress of mankind, Capt. Hatch at the
inception of the temperance reform, although conforming
to the prevailing customs of the times in the use of ardent
spirits, at once abandoned them, and entered with zeal into
the new movement, contributing cheerfully to its needs as
occasion required.

Unostentatious in his charities, he never contributed to
objects designed merely for display or popularity, but never
withholding aid from the destitute and needy. As years
wore on, he gradually retired from active life, accepting with
cheerfulness the deprivations of age, happy with his books
and social intercourse. He retained an interest in the affairs
of life, inquiring frequently during his last days the news
from the European war then in progress. He had a re-
tentive memory, and was in the habit of conversing with
his family upon what he had read. Speaking one day of
the recent death of a millionaire in a distant city, he re-
counted to a friend the manifold ways in which his property
was invested, and the amount of each investment. A neigh-

 

bor entered bringing the paper containing the account.
After reading it, the friend remarked, “I thought you were
telling a large story, but I find that you stated every item
correctly.” Such accuracy in an octogenarian was unusual.
He was a member of the First Congregational (Unitarian)
Church in Kennebunk, and for several years one of its
deacons. He was strictly observant of the Lord’s day, never
absenting himself (until overtaken by sickness) from public
worship, and always ready to contribute of his substance
for the support of the ministry. Throughout his long life,
those who best knew him saw nothing in his daily walk
inconsistent with the spirit of the gospel, yet he was nat-
urally reserved in the expression of his religious feelings.
During the last year of his life a friend inquired minutely
into his religious experience. In reply, he stated that
when about six years of age he listened with great interest
to a sermon from the text, “ Be thou in the fear of the
Lord all the day long.” Not fully understanding its mean-
ing, on his return home he requested his mother—a woman ‘
of great piety—to explain it, which she did. ‘“ From that
day to this,” he added, “it has been the endeavor of my
life to walk in the fear of the Lord all the day long.”

The last year of his life brought physical weakness, the
last month great pain and suffering, but his mental facul-
ties were unimpaired to the last. Between his paroxysms
of distress he conversed cheerfully, giving wise counsel to
his children, and humbly acquiescing in the will of God
concerning himself. Thus he passed quietly away on the
13th day of January, 1854, aged eighty-seven years and
four months. Well was it to inscribe on his monument,
“ Mark the perfect man and behold the upright, for the end
of that man is peace.”

 

SS

BUXTON.

 

GENERAL DESCRIPTION.

Tux town of Buxton is bounded on the north by Stand-
ish and Gorham, on the east by Scarborough, on the south
by Saco and Dayton, and on the west by Hollis. The sur-
face is generally level, Round Hill, in the northwestern
part, being the only prominence of note in the town.

The principal streams are the Saco River, forming the
entire western boundary, the outlet of Bonny Eagle Pond,
which empties into the Saco in the northern part of the town,
and Little River, in the northeast. Bonny Eagle Pond
has an area of 190 acres. It lies in the northern part of
. the town and.partly.in Standish. The Portland and Roches-
ter Railroad passes.through the southern half of the town,
crossing the Saco River a fourth of a mile above Bar Mills.

The lands comprising the present town of Buxton were
a part of the grant made by the General Court of Massa-

32

 

chusetts, in 1728, to the 840 men belonging to that colony
who participated in the expedition against the Narraganset
Indians, in what is known as King Philip’s war, in 1675.*
Two towns were granted in 1728, and five in 1732. The
conditions were “that the grantees should meet within two
months from the date of the act to organize each proprietary
of one hundred and twenty persons, to settle at least sixty
families within seven years, to settle a learned orthodox
minister, to erect a meeting-house, to clear a certain num-
ber of acres, and to reserve a certain proportion of the town-
ship for the use of schools and the first settled minister.” ~
' The grantees of the seven townships accepting these con-

 

# The order of the government under which these troops were gath-
ered recites that “if they played the man, took the Fort, & Drove
the Enemy out of the Narragansett Country, which was their great
Seat, that they should have a gratuity in Land, besides their Wages.”
250 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

ditions held a meeting on Boston Common, June 6, 1733,
and formed themselves into seven proprietaries, or com-
panies, of 120 persons each. Three persons were then
chosen to make out a list of the grantees and assign them
to their respective townships. These seven committees met
October 17th of the same year at Luke Verdy’s, in Boston,
and assigned this, the “First Narraganset Township,” to
Philemon Dane, of Ipswich, and 119 others belonging to
Ipswich, Rowley, Newbury, Haverhill, Salisbury, Methuen,
Hampton, Greenland, and Berwick. Philemon Dane and
John Gaines, of Ipswich, and Col. Joseph Gerrish, of New-
bury, were the committee of this town. The survey of the
township was made in 1733, and reported in 1734. The
first meeting of the proprietors was held at the house of
Capt. John Hale, at Newbury Falls, Mass., Aug. 1, 1733,
at which Col. Gerrish acted as moderator, and John Hobson
clerk. Joseph Gerrish, Esq., John Hobson, and John
- Gains were chosen “a Committee to view Some of the un-
appropreated Lands of this Province in order to Pitch a
place for one Township for Said Soldiers.”
The following is the original description of the

ANCIENT BOUNDARIES.

“This Plat describes two Tracts of Land Laid out for the Narra-
gansett Soldiers, between Saco River and Presumpscott River, con-
taining the contents of Six Miles Square in each Plat, with an Allow-
ance of Seven Hundred acres formerly granted to Hill & others in
that Township, next Saco River, & Thirteen hundred acres for Ponds,
and in the Township joining to Presumpscott River there isan allow-
ance for five Hundred acres for Ponds, and the st Plans are bounded
and described as followeth: beginning at Saco River, at the Head of
Biddeford [now Saco], & run Northeast by the Needle twelve Miles,
by the Head of Biddeford [now Saco] & Scarbough & Falmouth, till
it comes to Presumpscott River, & then bounded by Presumpscott
River, & runs up the same till it makes Seven Miles and one-Quarter
of a Mile on a Straight Course North 334 West, and then rung 9 miles
and 50 Rods South W-t, by the Needle, till it comes to Saco River,
& then bounds Southwesterly by Saco River till it comes to the Head
of Biddeford, aforesaid; and the Line between the two townships be-
gins on the Line next the Head of the Township, Seven Miles and
one-Quarter of u mile to the Northeast of Saco River, and runs
North 334 West, by the needle, extending Seven Miles and one-quartre
of a mile,—and these two Townships was surveyed by Samuel Sewall
and Benjamin Stone, who were sworn for work before Justice Gray.

“Epwarp Srrove,
“Tomas TILESTON,
“Joun Hosson,
“SAMUEL CHANDLER,

Committee.

“ Dated 234 of Nove. 1833.”

This was approved by the House February 9th, and by
Governor Belcher Feb. 22, 1734.

March 19th, a committee was chosen to lay out the land
in lots, no lot to exceed twenty acres. A report of John
Hobson, Samuel Chase, Philemon Dane, and Deacon James
Chute was submitted, with the plan of lots at the pro-
prietors’ meeting, Nov. 17,1735. These lots were drawn
for November 24th ensuing. John Hobson drew lot 2,
range H, on which the meeting-house was afterwards built.
A second drawing for 60-acre lots occurred Nov. 8, 1738.
April 11, 1739, £30 were voted to Deacon Jonathan Fel-
lows to help him build a saw-mill on Stackpole’s Brook, on
“Lot 12, Range D, of First Division.” The mill was
afterwards built by Joseph Woodman, to release Thomas
Gage and Stephen Mighill, who had given bonds for its
erection, and was completed in 1750.

 

SETTLEMENT.

Appropriations were made and bounties were voted to
any one who would go on to the lands and improve them.
Deacon Amos Chase, of Newbury, Nathan Whitney, Joseph
Simpson, Mr. Bryant, and a Thomas Gage are believed to
have settled within the town as early as 1740 or 1741, and
commenced to clear and build cabins; but a petition, dated
May 26, 1742, headed “ Us, the Subscribers, being Settlers
of the Narragansett Grant, Number One,” and addressed to
the Governor, Council, and General Court of Massachusetts
Bay, recites that the grantees had been unable to comply
with the terms of the grant requiring settlement within
seven years, except the petitioners and those whom they
represent, and that they had in consequence been put to
great expense in carrying on the settlement, and been
obliged to live without any settled public worship of God,
schools for their children, public buildings, or necessary
fortifications ; whereby they were exposed to constant danger
for their lives and substance, and their children to a wilder-
ness education, which they would not have submitted to if
they had not expected others to comply with the terms of the
grant. They further petitioned that the lots of the delin-
quents might be declared forfeited, and others be admitted
in their stead and compelled to settle as soon as possible.
This petition was signed by eleven settlers: Robert Brooks,
Magnes Redlen, John Davis, Sr., Nathaniel Durel, John
Brooks, Nathan Whitney, James Sands, Jr., Joseph Wood-
man, Samuel Ingalls, Samuel Chase, and Ichabod Austen.

A notice was ordered served on the proprietors by the Gen-
eral Court, requiring them to answer at the next fall session.
A proprietors’ meeting was held October 20th, a committee
appointed, and as an earnest of their interest the following
resolution was passed :

“ Whereas, Thére was a Comt Chosen Some time Passed to build
« meeting-house at y° Township Laid to ye Narragansett Soldiers
Called no: one and by reason of ye talk of a french war it was not
yet built, it is now voted that ye Said Com* Shall forthwith go on &
fully build & Compleat said meeting-house.”’

This meeting-house,—the first in the town,—if built
according to original specifications, was “ thirty feet long,
Twenty-five feet wide, and nine feet stud of hune timber,
and the Roof to be borded and Short Shingled.”

In December, 1742, the petitioners came up for a hearing,
and were put off until May, 1743. In April preceding, a
meeting was called by the alarmed delinquents, taxes levied
to pay for the meeting-house, and a committee appointed to
agree with a learned and orthodox gentleman to preach to
the proprietors and inhabitants of the plantation, These
active measures prevented any further action by the Gen-
eral Court.

To advance their interests and encourage settlement the
proprietors had early made provision for a saw-mill. On
the 18th of June, 1740, their records show a vote of £80,
old tenor, to Mr. Samuel Chase, to enable him to build a
saw-mill on Games’ Brook.

An affidavit of Nathaniel Mighill, dated Rowley, Nov.
17, 1742,* certifies that he was in Narragansett township
No. 1, on the east side of Saco River, two weeks before,
and saw a saw-mill in that town, which the millwrights

 

* Goodwin’s Narragansett, p. 51.
TOWN OF BUXTON. 251

 

informed him they desired to start in three or four days,
and also five houses, and was informed there were sev-
eral more scattered about the town. A saw- and grist-
mill were built by John Elden, Jeremiah Hill, and Daniel
Leavitt on the site of Leavitt’s Mills, on Little River, in
1761.

INDIAN TROUBLES.

In November, 1743, the House of Representatives voted
£100 (old tenor), to build a garrison in this town; and in
December the proprietors voted to take care of the garrison
when built by the province. Hon. Cyrus Woodman thinks
this garrison was built at Salmon Falls, on lot 2 of range D,
in first division, as stated on Dennett’s map. Tradition sup-
ports this opinion, which is doubtless correct. That it was
built during the next six months is shown by a petition for
a meeting to be held May 1, 1744, “to see if the Proprie-
tors will Clear Round the Garrison according to the Great
& General Court’s Com' Desire & order.” The land on
which it was built was set apart for public use, and is the
same now occupied by Otis Dennett.

From the adjourned meeting of Nov. 6, 1744, to June
1, 1749, there was no proprietors’ meeting held; and it is
reasonable to infer that, under a dread of an attack by In-
dians, instigated by the French, and its almost certain result
in their final defeat, the settlers abandoned their homes as
winter gathered around’ them, and sought refuge in the
more populous and fortified settlements, where they re-
mained until the close of the French war. John Brooks
and Joseph Woodman are the only ones who are known to
have returned. Aug.21, 1749, these were joined by Robert
Brooks, Jacob Davis, John Redlon, Thomas Bradbury,
Joshua Woodman, and Amos Chase, at Biddeford, in a
petition for a proprietors’ meeting. A meeting was held at
Rowley, May 8, 1750. As a result a minister was settled,
and roads opened. The fort was repaired and occupied.
Water not being obtained by digging on the high ground
upon which it stood, a petition was made for its removal.
John Brooks, Benjamin Durell, David Martin, Benjamin
Dunnell, Samuel Rolfe, William Hancock (from London-
derry, Ireland), John Elden and Job Roberts (from Saco),
Joshua Woodman (of Newbury), John Wilson, Samuel
Merrill (from Salisbury), and Timothy Hazeltine (of Brad-
ford, Mass.) were residents of the town, and signed. a call
for a meeting Aug. 3, 1753. These were, doubtless, nearly
all there in the fall of 1750, at which time the resettlement
and building was vigorously begun at Salmon Falls. The
meeting-house, still standing, was repaired. May 29,1754,
it was voted that William Hancock have £8 on the com-
pletion of a fort to be built, 40 feet square, with palisades
3% feet in the ground and 10 feet above; to be set double
with a good flanker or watch-box at the two opposite corners.
This fort stood upon the highest point of lot 11, range B,
first division, at Pleasant Point. When visited by Hon.
John Elden and Hon. Cyrus Woodman in 1867, the faint
depressions of the old cellar were still plainly visible.

The dangers surrounding the first settlers may be inferred
from the following incident. Having made some clearings
and planted crops the season previous to bringing their fam-
ilies, they were in the habit of visiting their opening occa-
sionally to see if all was right. Coming up from the block-

 

house one day, they found the door of the little fort which
they had built near the dwelling of Samuel Mitchell stand-
ing open. They had left it shut. Capt. Bradbury, com-
mander of the block-house on the other side of the Saco
River, now Hollis, at Little Falls, aware of danger from the
Indians, told them they must not return by the same path.
Following this advice they struck into the woods, forded the
river, and returned in safety. After the termination of the
war, some Indians came into the settlement to trade, and
told them they were surprised in the fort when the party of
white men came into the opening, and hid themselves till
they had passed; when they left they forgot to shut the
gate. They lay in ambush all day upon the path by which
they supposed the white men would return. During the
nine years after 1750, James Thomas, Ephraim Sands, and
seven others moved into the settlement.

In the spring of 1755 war began between France and
Great Britain. The settlers, more numerous and better
prepared for assault than before, remained at their homes,
though, as they afterwards said, in an address to the Gen-
eral Court, they “ were under Continual fears of the Indian
Enemy, and were obliged to keep Watch and Ward till the
reduction of Quebec in 1759.” During this war a militia
company was formed by Joseph Woodman, who was made
captain. Samuel Merrill was lieutenant. It is not known
that they were called out of town.

THE FIRST SETTLERS.

In 1755 it was voted to settle a minister, and in Decem-
ber, 1756, £96 were voted to defray ministerial charges for
the past year. Appropriations were made until 1760, when
a committee was appointed to procure a preacher and treat
with the General Court to settle the town line. This shows
there was preaching, but there was no settled minister. In
1757 a stay of execution against Obadiah Johnson was or-
dered. Twenty pounds were expended in repairing the
meeting-house in 1758. In 1760 a new meeting-house was
begun. This was 45 feet long and 35 feet wide. It was
built on house-lot No. 8, range G, and completed the next
year. Rev. Paul Coffin, son of Col. Joseph Coffin, of New-
bury, Mass., was the first settled minister. A volume of
his manuscript sermons, still preserved, bears the following
marginal record in his own handwriting: ‘“ Narrag: No. 1.
Sept: 6,1761. Aet P.M. Ibid: Aug: 15.1762. the first
sermons that were delivered in the Meeting-House.” Of
course this refers to the new meeting-house, just completed.
At this time (1761), John Boynton, Eleazer Kimball,
Nathan Woodman, Jonathan Clay, Humphrey Atkinson,
Stephen Safford, John Cole, Richard Clay, and David
Martin had become residents and proprietors in the town.

John Hopkinson, an officer in the British service, and a
relative of one of the signers of the Declaration of Inde-
pendence, resigned at the outbreak of the Revolutionary
war and entered the Continental army. His son John (2d)
came to Buxton, and settled on the Hopkinson homestead,
near Union Falls.

Isaac Hancock settled on the right-hand side of the
road leading from the first meeting-house to Salmon Falls.
He was a good citizen, and died at the meridian of life,
leaving a number of descendants, some of whom are pres-
252 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

ent residents of the town. He took the first newspaper that
came into the town. Samuel Merrill settled within a quar-
ter of a mile of the Falls, on the “ eight-rod road.” At the
battle of Bunker Hill he was a lieutenant under Capt. Jere-
miah Hill. He died in 1822, leaving numerous descend-
ants in this and other States. Timothy Hazleton, who
settled near where the meeting-house was built, was a dea-
con and firm supporter of the church from its organization
until his death. John Elden and Job Roberts were his
nearest neighbors, and both lived to an old age. Mr. El-
den was a man of great force of character. He commanded
a company at the siege of Boston, with honor to himself
and credit to his town. Joseph Woodman settled with his
brother Joshua, near Pleasant Point. Both were leading
men in the community, and lived to respected old age.
John Wilson, who settled on the Beach Plain road, leading
from the lower corner to Saco, only remained a short time.
The early settlers located in the south part of the town
that they might be nearer the Saco market.

Deacon Amos Chase drove the first team from the plan-
tation to Saco. He was the father of Rebecca Chase, the
first white child born in the town. She was born in 1744,
married to Mr. Chase Parker, and died in Saco, May 8,
1773. The second child born was Rebecca, daughter of
Capt. Joseph Woodman, who was born Jan. 11, 1751
(O.8.), married Lieut. Moses Atkinson in 1772, died Feb.
3, 1833, and was buried in Hollis. The first male child born
in the town was Nathan, son of John Elden, an original
‘proprietor. The second was Robert Martin, of whom is re-
lated the following story: Being out of breadstuff, he arose
one morning in May, milked his cow, drank some of the
milk for his breakfast, and then started on foot with hig
bag for Saco, the nearest point from which he could obtain
a supply. Upon reaching Saco he informed Col. Cutts of
his destitute condition, and was furnished promptly with a
bushel of corn, twenty-eight pounds of fish, a gallon of
molasses, two pounds of coffee, and one of tobacco. With
this load of nearly a hundred pounds, he started back. At
Deep Brook he laid down his burden, rested a while, and
drank some water. His next halting-place was at Capt.
Bradbury's, where he again drank and rested. Resuming
his journey, he soon reached home, and took another
‘draught of milk. Dividing the corn, half of it was taken
two miles to the river, a raft built on which to cross to
Ridlon’s mill, where it was ground, and he returned home.
‘While waiting for a cake of it to be baked, he said he suf.
fered more than he had during the whole day, and felt as
though he should die of fatigue and hunger.

Among some of the trials of the early settlers were three
remarkably dry summers in succession, which shortened
‘their crops in days when they were raised for home use
only, and not for export, producing much distress, Exten-
sive fires ranged the woods, threatening destruction to
their homes and improvements. The year 1783 was re-
markable for a destructive frost on the 10th of August;
and in 1785 occurred the greatest freshet known, causing
great damage to bridges and mills.

The first mills on the Saco River, above Salmon Falls,
were built at Moderation Falls, in 1795, and those at the
bar shortly after.

 

The first post-office was established at the lower corner.
Paul Coffin, Jr., was appointed postmaster.

Joshua Kimball and Mr. Daniel Dennett, who came from
Marblehead, Mass., brought with them negro slaves. Mr.
Kimball had a man named Cesar, and the other a woman.
Ceesar was a favorite of the family, and worked for himself
making staves to keep a supply of pocket money, with
which he was quite liberal. After obtaining his liberty, in
1788, he adopted the customs of the white folks, doing a
credit business, and, like some of them, giving his notes,
which he never paid. He appears to have also speculated
in real estate, as his name is found in the records of New-
field, where he is taxed 1s. 8d., beside the names of Sip,
Duce and Eliphalet, whose assessments are respectively 2s.
8d. and 19s. 11d. A deed made by him is still held there.

In 1792 there were within the town 59 ratable polls be-
tween the ages of sixteen and twenty-one years, and 246
above that age, 29 not ratable, and 1 pauper, making 335
in all. The town also contained 91 dwellings, 156 barns,
10 shops, 2 tanneries, 3 manufactories of potash, 3 grist-
mills, and 7 saw-mills. There were 1749 acres of tilled
land. The crops at that time, in their order, were: hay,
1546 tons; 5432 bushels of corn, 1357 of wheat, 1349 of
rye, 521 of oats, 482 of peas and beans, and 45 of barley.
The live-stock consisted of 1084 oxen, cows, and neat-
cattle, 138 horses, and 307 swine.

WATER-POWER AND MANUFACTURES.

The water-powers, independent of those on the Saco, are
small. The lower fall on that river, extending about half
a mile below Union Falls, has a descent in that distance of
eight or nine feet. It is not improved. At Union Falls, or
Pleasant Point, a company, composed chiefly of residents
of Boston, Mass., commenced a dam, and expended a large
amount of money in 1831, preparing for the manufacture of
cotton and woolen fabrics, and of iron and steel. It was de-

signed to invest about half a million of dollars in the busi-

ness. Nothing further was done until the Saco Water-
Power Company, its present owners, erected a good stone dam
there, with a fall of fifteen feet at low water, in 1856. This
is unoccupied, except by a grist- and saw-mill. The power
is estimated at low water as equal to 465 horse-power for
twenty-four hours, or 1000 horse-power for eleven hours a
day,—sufficient to operate 40,000 spindles.

Salmon Falls, the next falls above, two miles distant by
the course of the river, is utilized by a log dam twenty feet
in height, over which the water flows in a narrow channel
about two hundred rods to the foot of the falls, giving an
entire fall of sixty-two feet. Here is an estimated power,
day and night, of 1860 horse-power, equal to 74,400 ..
spindles ; or 4060 horse-power for eleven hours a day, suf -
ficient to drive 162,000 spindles. On the Buxton side
there were, previous to 1870, four saw-mills, of one saw
each, and an aggregate capacity of 4,000,000 feet of lumber
per annum. The falls takes its name from having been, in
early times, the chief resort for salmon-fishing. There is
a good site for mills at the foot of the falls. Granite for
building, and clay for making brick, are accessible. One
and a third miles above are Bar Mills Falls, where, in a dis-
tance of sixty rods, there is a fall of eighteen feet, with a
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power equal to 450 horse-power for twenty-four hours, or
1178 horse-power, equal to 47,120 spindles, for eleven
hours a day. The nature of the ground furnishes excellent
sites for manufactories and mills. This valuable power is
oceupied, on the Buxton side, by a saw-mill, heading-, box-,
and grist-mill. Good granite quarries are within two miles.

Five miles above, by the course of the river, at the village
of West Buxton, are Moderation Falls. Here is a fall of
fourteen feet in thirty-six rods, with an estimated horse-
power of 450, or sufficient to drive 16,800 spindles. An
old log-dam stands at the head of the falls. There are
favorable sites for the location of mills for some distance
below the falls. This power is partially used by saw-,
woolen-, and heading-mills. Granite for building stone is
abundant within easy distance.

Bonny Eagle Falls, a mile and a quarter above, at the
north line, is embraced by Buxton and Standish on the
east and Hollis on the west side of the river. There is a
fall of forty-eight and one-half feet in a distance of one
hundred and sixty rods, twenty-five of which are obtained
in a distance of fifty rods. The water divides at the head
of the falls, forming Bonny Eagle Island, an island contain-
ing about 60 acres. The western channel is narrow and
rocky, and the water reaches the foot of the falls in a suc-
cession of leaps and rapids. The eastern channel is the
inferior one, and makes its descent in a continuous rapid.
The surrounding banks are favorable for the construction of
mills, and the cheap and éasy construction of canals and
reservoirs, particularly so the island. Here is a valuable
power, estimated at 1504 or 60,180 spindles for twenty-
four hours, or 3263 horse-power, equal to 130,320 spindles
eleven hours a day. There is here a saw-will, whose united
capacity amounts to 4,000,000 feet of umber annually.
Building stone is abundant, and good bricks are made
within half a mile of the falls. The chief manufacture is
lumber, and neither of the water-powers on Saco River is
taxed to its full extent.

VILLAGES.

SALMON FALLS

takes its name from the falls, and is in Hollis and Buxton.
The eastern half contains 32 dwellings, the post-office, the
shoe-shop of A. C. Came, and blacksmith-shop of S. Chick.
It was formerly the centre of a prosperous lumbering busi-
ness. The mills were torn down and removed in 1879.
The river at this point enters a narrow trough or channel
of solid trap-rock with steep banks, which is crossed, at its
head, by one of the strongest wooden bridges on the river.
A mile from the river, the old church and cemetery front
on a beautiful park of some two acres, surrounded by fine
dwellings, among which is the residence of Dr. A. K. P.
Meserve, one of the leading men of the town.

BAR MILLS

is so named from the bar of rock which at this point ex-
tends entirely across the river. The Buxton side contains
56 dwellings, a church, school-house, and the following
business houses and manufactories :

General merchandise: S. Meserve & Son, established in

 

1848 by Samuel Meserve ; S. H. Berry & Son, established
in 1877.

Groceries : James Towle, established in 1879.

Confectionery: W. H. Atkinson, established in 1859.

Grist-mill: Thomas Berry, since 1871; established by
Wm. Woodman in 1839.

Lumber-, box-, and heading-mills: 8. H. Berry & Son,
established by H. Berry in 1849.

Carriage-shops: B. W. Spafford, established in 1863;
Leonard McKenney, established in 1874.

Coffins: 8. J. Lake, established in 1877.

Blacksmiths: Stephen Towle, Nathan Harmon.

Painting: Horatio Harmon.

Postmaster: Isaac H. Tale; mails daily.

Physician: A. K. P. Meserve, M.D.

A quarter of a mile above is the Saco River depot on
the Portland and Rochester Railway, near the river.

WEST BUXTON.

West Buxton, in the northern part of the town, is a
manufacturing village on Saco River, comprising 140 dwell-
ings, of which 50 are in Buxton.
are as follows:

General merchandise: J. H. & H. N. Bradbury, estab-
lished by H. N. Bradbury in 1873; A. K. P. Lord, estab-
lished in 1843.

Stoves and tinware : Thomas Bradbury, Jr., since 1872;
established in 1859 by J. & G. Emerson.

Millinery: Mrs. 8. F. Hobson, established 1861; A. K.
P. Lord, established 1874, under the management of Mrs.
F. A. Clark.

Sovereigns of Industry store, a co-operative working-
men’s supply store, established about 1877, and successfully
operated while the shops continued to run.

Buxton Savings Bank: incorporated Feb. 21, 1868, the
first and only bank in the town; commenced business in
May, 1868, under the administration of the present offi-
cers,—Oliver Dow, President, and Charles E. Weld, Treas-
urer. Available capital, $129,000.

Lawyers: Weld & Brackett, established by Hon. Charles
E. Weld, 1846.

Grist- and plaster-mill: Dow & Hill, three run of stones
for each mill, erected in 1866.

Saw-, box-, and heading-mills: A. K. P. Lord, proprie-
tor; capacity of 7,000,000 feet of lumber per annum ;
employing a force of 125 men; established 1843, on old
mill-site.

Saco River Mills, Buxton Manufacturing Company:
manufacture of repellants, etc.; 14 looms, 1600 spindles ;
employs 25 operatives, and consumes 60 tons of raw wool
and 32,000 pounds of cotton annually, making about
936,000 yards of cloth; erected 1842; John Berryman,
business manager.

Clothing: John Miles, established 1869, employs 16
operatives in shop; Charles Miles, established 1879, 4
hands in shop.

Shoes: J. P. Hall, custom shop, established 1878.

Harness: M. L. Cousins, established 1878.

Blacksmith: William A. Huff, established 1874.

Carriage- and sign-painting: D. W. Libby.

Buxton business houses
254 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

BUXTON CENTRE.

This village contains the North grammar school, Baptist
church, town-house, and about 35 dwellings. The place is

finely located and has an appearance of neatness and thrift.”

The Buxton Centre depot, on the Portland and Rochester
Railway, is a mile and a quarter southeast, at which point the
Grange have six acres of land, including a fine, large grove
and building. The business of the village comprises the
general merchandise store of S. Hanson & Co., established
by Samuel Hanson in 1857, in the old “ Elden Store,” and
clothing manufactory, employing 20 to 25 operatives in the
shop, established soon after.

Boot and shoe manufactory: established by Joseph
Davis in 1831, and employing 10 to 15 hands.

Carriages: James H. Flood, P. Waterman, E. Whitney.

Smiths: Horace Emery & Son.
Postmaster: Robert A. Bradbury; mails daily by rail-
road.

SPRUCE SWAMP.

Spruce Swamp, on the old Portland road, takes its name
from the former growth of spruce in that vicinity. There
were formerly here a hotel, smith-shops, and store. The
place now comprises 18 dwellings, two churches, school-
house, and the large store of B. Soule, erected in 1871 by
A. T. Hill.

There is also a store near Hagle Pond, opened by ai ohn
T. Porter in 1876, and one at Kimball’s Gone, established
in 1875 oS E. thei

SCARBOROUGH CORNER.

Scarborough Corner, on the south line of the town,
‘contains a school-house, church, the store of J. L. Milliken,
‘and half a dozen dwellings in Buxton, with as many more
in pravoraee

PLACES OF HISTORIC INTEREST.
The old house.of Rev. Paul Coffin was built upon the

-ministerial lot, a hundred feet south of the residence of
Charles L. Coffin, the end door opening directly upon the ©
This house is believed to be the oldest two- |

‘Jawn in front.

story house in the town. It was in this house that Rev.

‘Dr. Coffin lived during most of: his sixty years’ pastorate, °

and this was the house in which he died.* His study was
in the northwest chamber. This is the room in which he
‘died. After his death the house was sold and moved to
-its present position. It is now the residence of Joseph
Garland.

The house of Deacon Timothy Hasaltine, now occupied

‘by Mrs. Tristram Woodman, was erected within a few rods ,

of the meeting-house. The lot on which it was built (home-
lot 6, range G) was conveyed to Mr. Hasaltine by James
Jewett, of Newbury, April 9, 1750. He was living here
in November, 1762, and built the house probably soon after.

Among the historic events in which it has borne a part was .
the ordination of Rev. Mr. Coffin and its festivities, which _
occurred within its walls, in 1763. The house was sold, with »

 

* Rev. Dr. Paul Coffin was married to Mary, daughter of Nathaniel
Gorham, a sea- -captain, of Charlestown, Mass., Nov. 10, 1763, and it
is reasonable to infer that his parishioners * iowided a home for him,
and the house was built in 1763 or 1764 at the latest.

making it a beautiful spot throughout the year.

 

lot 6, to Mr. Thomas Cutts, in 1783, and was for many years

after the home of Samuel Cutts, Esq., an honored citizen.
The old burying-ground, on the meeting-house lot, was

eight rods wide and thirty long, containing one and a half

acres. Jt was conveyed to the committee of the plantation

‘by Isaac Hancock, in 1761.

The Michael Hanson: house, a two-story house, opposite
the Congregational parsonage, is one of the oldest in the
town. It was built by Capt. John Lane, one of the three
brothers who served in the two wars of 1757 and 1776.
Capt. Lane was a son of Capt. John Lane, who died at
Lake George in July, 1756, and grandson of John Lane,
of Limerick, Ireland, an officer in the British service.
Capt. Lane bought this lot in June, 1755, and was then
described as “of Narragansett No. 1, Cordwainer.” It is
not known whether he built the house before or after the
war, which ended with the fall of Quebec. Im the records
of the Court of Common Pleas for York County his license
to keep “ Publick-House” in Narragansett No. 1 was recorded
in June, 1762, with Samuel Warren and Samuel Bradstreet
sureties. This house, which was then occupied by him,
was undoubtedly the first public-house in the town. It
formerly stood near the trees in front of the Nathan Wood-
mav house, which were set by him in his door-yard, and
the house since removed.

BURYING-GROUNDS.

Pleasant Point Burying-Ground is on a little knoll in the
rear of the old residence of Hon. John Woodman. It is sur-
rounded by a fine grove of evergreen and deciduous trees,
Few
burying-grounds are more venerated or oftener visited.
The ground, which descends to the southwest, overlooks a
beautiful grove and the Saco River beyond, at the foot of
one of the wildest and most romantic gorges along its course.

A Mr, Sewall first cleared this knoll while working for
Capt. Joseph Woodman. On coming to his dinner one
day, he told Capt. Woodman that he had been clearing a
good place for a burying-ground. Dying a short time after,
his words were remembered, and he was the first person
buried there. Many of the graves are unmarked, others
have rude stones, on which time has nearly effaced the
ancient letters. Among the early and most known occu-

pants are Capt. Joseph Woodman, who died in 1796;
-Mary, wife of Hon. John Woodman and daughter of Capt.
Jonathan Bean, and others of their family ; Samuel Leavitt,

died 1797, and his wife, who was the daughter of the first
settler in Gorham; Humphrey Atchinson, Samuel Cole,

.uver whose grave has grown a large pine-tree,.and members

of the Davis, Bradbury, Elden, Gardner, Sands,’ Cole,
Barnes, and Gray families.

_ The other chief burying-grounds are the old church-
yard ; the old ground east of Buxton Centre, where sleeps
Thomas Hill, who died in 1876, Rev. Jonathan Clay,
Joseph Bradbury, and others; and near the Baptist meet-
ing-house at Spruce Swany, the resting-place of Isaac

Libby, a veteran of the Revolution, Joseph Elwell, who
died in 1819, aged eighty-four, Gen. William Waterman,

who died in 1860, aged seventy-seven, and other later occu-
pants.
NG

 

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Photo. by Conant, Portland.

 

 

 

 

 

RESIDENGE OF A. L. GAME,

 
   

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WEST BUXTON, YORK CO., MAINE,
TOWN OF BUXTON. 255

 

INCORPORATION.

Twenty-two years had passed since the resettlement.
Fear of the savage foe had given place to undisturbed
industry and prosperity. Heavy forests still covered the
greater portion of the town. Passable roads led to numer-
ous clearings, and bridges spanned many of the streams.
Two saw-mills were in operation on Little River which were
furnishing the settlements with business, and with lumber
for the frame houses fast replacing the first log cabins.
Two grist-mills, one on Little River and one at Salmon
Falls, ground corn, rye, and wheat, and the settler was no
longer compelled to back his grist out of town to get it
ground. The school and the church had borne their part
in educating a second generation, who were fast becoming
bound by new family ties and a common sympathy for the
lands they could now call home. An effort had been made
to have the town incorporated as early as 1764, since when
the question had been constantly agitated. As a result
the Narragansett Plantation was incorporated the seventh
town of the district of Maine, July 17, 1772, and given the
name of Buxton at the suggestion of Rev. Paul Coffin.

Under a warrant issued to John Nason “ in the thirteenth
year of His Majestie’s Reign,” the first election was held in
the meeting-house, Monday, May 24,1773. John Hop-
kinson was chosen Moderator; John Nason, Town Clerk;
Samuel Merrill, John Kimball, John Smith, Selectmen ;
John Kimball, Treasurer; Samuel Leavitt, Constable ;
William Bradbury, Isaiah Brooks, Tithingmen ; Ephraim
Sands, Richard Palmer, Fence-Viewers; Joseph Wood-
man, Matthias Ridlon, Joseph Leavitt, Surveyors of Roads ;
Richard Palmer, Hog-Reeve. £50 were voted for roads.

CIVIL LIST.

TOWN CLERKS.

John Nason,* 1773-79; Samuel Knight, 1780-94; Samuel Cutts, 1795-
1820; Zenas Payne, 1821; Robert Wentworth, 1822-33; David
Smith, 1834; Solomon Davis, 1835-37 ; Robert Wentworth, 1838-
41; Frederick D. Edgerly, 1842; Asa McKenney, 1843; Robert
Wentworth, 1844; Frederick D. Edgerly, 1845; D. L. Palmer,
1846-48; Ansel W. Hanson, 1849-53 ; William M. Jordan, 1854;
A. H. Wilkins, 1855; William M. Jordan, 1856; A. H. Wilkins,
1857; William M. Jordan, 1858-60; Robert Wentworth, 1861-62;
A. K. P. Meserve, 1863; Robert Wentworth, 1864; A. K. P.
Meserve, 1865; Frank J. Cole, 1866-67; Joseph Davis, 1868 ;
A. K. P. Meserve, 1869; S.S. Milliken, 1870; Reuben W. Murch,
1871-72; Allen T. Hill, 1873; Charles F. Carr, 1874-75; Samuel
A. Hill, 1876-79.

SELECTMEN.

1773-74.—Samuel Merrill, John Kimball, John Smith.
1775-76.—Samuel Merrill, John Smith, Samuel Knight.
1777.—John Smith, Samuel Knight, Thomas Bradbury.
1778.—Joseph Atkinson, Samuel Knight, John Smith.
1779.—John Smith, Joseph Atkinson, Thomas Bradbury.
1780.—John Woodman, Ebenezer Wentworth, Jacob Bradbury.
1781.—John Woodman, Jacob Bradbury, John Smith.
1782-87.—Snell Wingate, Jacob Bradbury, John Woodman.
1788-92.—John Woodman, Snell Wingate, Samuel Cutts.
1793-94.—John Woodman, Samuel Merrill, Thomas Bradbury.
1795-96.—John Woodman, Samuel Merrill, Snell Wingate.
1797.—John Woodman, Jacob Bradbury, Esq., Clement Jordan.
1798:—John Woodman, Jacob Bradbury, Snell Wingate.

* Col. Joseph Coffin, Col. Tristram Jordan, Deacon Thomas Brad-
bury, and Hon. John Woodman were successively elected to fill the
office of proprietors’ clerk until the proprietors ceased to act as such,

 

1799.—John Woodman, Joseph Atkinson, Samuel Merrill.
1800.—John Woodman, Joseph Atkinson, Brice Boothby.
1801.—John Woodman, Joseph Atkinson, Brice Boothby.
1802-3.—Jacob Bradbury, Levi Elwell, Samuel Cutts.

1804.—John Woodman, Jacob Bradbury, Levi Elwell.
1805-6.—Jacob Bradbury, Levi Elwell, Thomas Bradbury.
1807-8.—John Woodman, Brice Boothby, William Merrill.
1809.—Brice Boothby, Capt. Gibeon Elden, William Merrill.
1810.—Capt. Gibeon Elden, Jacob Bradbury, James Woodman.
1811.—Capt. Gibeon Elden, Jacob Bradbury, John Woodman, Esq.
1812.—William Merrill, Benjamin Emery, Thomas Harmon.
1813-14.—John Woodman, William Merrill, Benjamin Emery.
1815.—Benjamin Leavitt, Thomas Bradbury, Isaiah Payne.
1816.—Benjamin Leavitt, William Merrill, Gibeon Elden.
1817.—Benjamin Leavitt, Brice Boothby, Gibeon Elden.
1818.—Benjamin Leavitt, Zenas Payne, Isaiah Payne.
1819.—Pelatiah Came, William Merrill, Zenas Payne.
1820.—William Merrill, Zenas Payne, Benjamin Leavitt.
1821.—Benjamin Leavitt, Zenas Payne, Capt. James Woodman.
1822.—James Woodman, Zenas Payne, Samuel Elden.
1823.—Benjamin Leavitt, Esq., William Merrill, Joseph Hobson, Jr.
1824.—Joseph Hobson, Capt. James Woodman, Maj. Samuel Hill.
1825-27.—Maj. Samuel Hill, Capt. James Woodman, Nathan Elden.
1828.—Nathan Elden, Maj. Samuel Hill, James Woodman, Jr.
1829.—Maj. Samuel Hill, James Woodman, Samuel Dunnell.
1830.—Joseph Hobson, Jr., James Woodman, Maj. Samuel Hill.
1831-33.—Joseph Hobson, Capt. Samuel Dunnell, Abraham Milliken.
1834-35,.—Capt. Sam’! Dunnell, Abra’m Milliken, Capt. John Wingate.
1836.—Capt. Samuel Dunnell, William Rice, Cyrus Fenderson,
1837.—Cyrus Fenderson, William Rice, Charles Watts.
1838.—Samuel Dunnell, Peter Emery, Jeremiah Hobson.
1839.—Charles Watts, Peter Emery, Jeremiah Hobson.
1840-41.—Peter Emery, Abram L. Came, Daniel Wentworth.
18 L2-43.—Charles Watts, Abraham Milliken, Daniel Kimball.
1844.—John S. Foss, Samuel Elden, Daniel Kimball.
1845.—John L. Foss, George W. Lord, Richard Clay.
1846-48.—George W. Lord, John Elden, Richard Clay.
1849.—John Elden, Ebenezer Hill, James Morton.
1850.—James Morton, Ebenezer Hill, William Milliken.
1851-52.—James Morton, Lemuel Merrill, William Milliken.
1853.—William Milliken, Gardner Brooks, Abram L. Came.
1854.—William Waterman, Gardner Brooks, Abram L. Came.
1855.—Gardner Brooks, Daniel Dennett, Jr., Joseph Davis.
1856.—Daniel Dennett, Albert G. Bradbury (3d), Joseph Davis.
1857.—Daniel Dennett, Albert G. Bradbury, Joseph Davis.
1858-59.—John Milliken, N. C. Watson (2d), Nath. Milliken (2d).
1860.—Henry Harmon, John D. Hill, Enoch B. Bradbury.
1861-62.—Henry Harmon, John D. Hill, Theodore Elwell.
1863.—Henry Harmon, A. W. Milliken, Theodore Elwell.
1864.—Joseph Davis, Moses G. Hill, John D. Sands.

1865.—Henry Harmon, Theodore Elwell, Aaron W. Milliken.
1866.—Charles E. Weld, Moses G. Hill, E. B. Bradbury.
1867.—Moses G. Hill, Joseph Burbank, Horatio N. Bradbury.
1868.—John Milliken, Perez Waterman, Samuel Dunn.

1869.—J. M. Marshall, Horace Harmon, Samuel T. Eaton.
1870-71.—A. K. P. Meserve, Perez Waterman, Samuel Dunn.

1872. James 0. G. Harmon, Moses G. Hill, Daniel Townsend.
1873-75.—James 0. G. Harmon, Dan’] Townsend, Sam’! W. Scribner.
1876-79.—S. S. Milliken, Moses G. Hill, Aaron McKinney.

CHURCHES.
CONGREGATIONAL CHURCH OF NARRAGANSETT.

Oct. 20, 1741, the proprietors voted to build a meeting-
house, for the accommodation of the settlers who were
already in the town, and who had addressed a petition to
the General Court the year previous. The building was
erected soon after, on the public lot. There are no records
of its being formally dedicated or occupied. The settlers,
alarmed at the outbreak of the war between France and
England, fled in 1744. The few returning in the spring
of 1749 found it still standing unmolested, but in need

of repairs. These were made, and a minister employed to
256 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

preach, in 1755, as stated by the proprietors’ records. Rev.
Joshua Tuffts, who was employed by the proprietors for
two years, is supposed to have been the first preacher. He
was succeeded by Rev. Mr. Thompson and Rev. Mr. White,
after which a second and largcr meeting-house was built on
the same ground, to be occupied by Rev. Paul Coffin, the
first settled minister. The old church was voted to Samuel
Merrill, in consideration of his having given the use of his
house for meetings before.

John Brooks and Joseph Woodman, committee, laid out
a triangular lot of 104 acres for a ministerial lot, in 1762.
This was afterwards the homestead of Rev. Mr. Coffin.
The letter of acceptance addressed to the committee is frank,
brief, and expressive, giving us an insight into his character,
and in strong contrast with the usual sermon-like letters of
his day, written on such occasions :

“To THE Proprs or NarraGAnsetr Townsuip No. 1, Gent:

“Having concidered the Invitation you Gave me to Settle in this
place in the Capacity of a minister of the Gospell, & Pastor of the
Church to be Gathered here; and having never heard of any Uneasi-
ness among the people here about my Doctrine or manner of life, I
declare myself pleased with your Invitation, & ready to Settle as
aboves’d, as soon as may be Judged Convenient.

“ From, Gentlm, Your Friend &
Serve in the Gospel,
Pau Corrin.”

“NarraAGansett No. 1,
“Janry 31, 1763.

Previous to receiving the call from this parish, Mr. Coffin
had preached to them. His first sermon, as well as the first
in the new church, was delivered March 22,1761. He
was at that time twenty-three yearsof age. His ordination
took place in the church March 9, 1763, the exercises being
conducted by Rev. Mr. Fairfield, Rev. Daniel Little, Rev.
Moses Morrill, and Rev. Mr. Hemmenway, the two latter
coming through Hollis and Lyman the day before on snow-
shoes, and, by getting lost, passing the night in the woods.
A plentiful entertainment was prepared at the expense of
the proprietors, except for the meat, which was a moose,
donated by Mr. James Emery, who used to say that he
“took his dog and went hunting, and caught a moose and
a minister.”

The first marriage recorded by him was that of Daniel
Leavitt and Abigail Bradbury, May 5,1763. The first
baptism was that of ‘“‘Abagail, daughter of Daniel Teavitt
and Abigail, his wife,” May 6, 1764. Ebenezer Bean, of
the Block-House, was married to Elizabeth Thomas, of
Narragansett No. 1, June 27, 1763.

Dr. Coffin was a learned man, a thorough master of
Latin, Hebrew, Greek, and the French languages, and
counted among his friends the most eminent men of his
day. In 1799 he delivered the annual election-sermon, in
Boston, before the Governor, Council, and House of Rep-
resentatives. He outlived all but four of his original congre-
gation. A note annexed to one of his manuscript sermons,
dated Oct. 22, 1820, reads: “ This sermon may be called
Valedictory dd:” He was born Jan. 16, 1737, O. §.,
graduated at Harvard in 1759, and died June 6, 1821.

The church which was formed March 16th, a week from
the day of his ordination, comprised 7 members,—Timothy
Hasaltine, first deacon, Rev. Paul Coffin, Thomas Atkin-
son, Jacob Bradbury, John Nason, and Thomas Bradbury,
a former member of the church at Scarborough. A third

 

meeting-house replaced the second about 1782. It was
finished outside, but had plank seats laid on blocks until
1790, when pews were added.

In the summer of 1817, Rev. Levi Loring became the
colleague of Rev. Dr. Coffin, and in November of that year
was ordained as junior pastor. He succeeded to the pastorate,
and was dismissed by his own request July 8,1835. Rev.
Benjamin Rice, his successor, remained until 1842. The
pulpit was then supplied by Rev. Mr. Baker and Rev. Mr.
Merrill until Oct. 7, 1847, when Rev. Joseph Bartlett was
ordained. Rev. Charles H. Gates supplied the pulpit from
1867 to 1872, and was succeeded by Rev. Mr. Bixby, and
in 1875 by Rev. Joseph Kite, the present pastor.

The meeting-house at Buxton Centre was dedicated Nov.
8, 1820, by Rev. Mr. Loring. They remained as one
church with two branches four miles apart, the North
Church having one-third of the preaching until June, 1852,
when Rev. George W. Cressey was ordained pastor over
the new church, remaining until his death, in February,
1867. Rev. Charles C. Parker supplied until Sept. 13,
1868, when Rev. Joseph Smith was installed pastor.
Samuel 8. Drake succeeded from 1872 to 1875, when Rev.
Mr. Kite assumed charge of both churches.

BAPTIST CHURCH.

The first Baptist ministers who preached in Buxton were
Elder John Chadbourne, of Parsonsfield, and Simeon Locke,
of Dayton. The early converts joined Mr. Locke’s church
in Lyman. In 1799 the Baptist Church of Buxton and
Saco was organized with 14 members, and Abner Flanders,
one of their number, ordained as pastor. He continued to
preach at Saco and Buxton Centre until 1825, when the
North Society was formed.

The North Society was formed June 2, 1825, and con-
tinued under the pastoral charge of Mr. Flanders until
1829, when he retired from active work in the ministry.
He died in Buxton, June 17, 1847, at the age of seventy
years. The ten years succeeding his retirement there was
no settled pastor, and the South Church, being also without
a pastor, soon ceased to exist. The North Church was sup-
plied by Rev. A. Wilson from 1830 to 1832, with an in-
crease of 75 members; Rev. Samuel Robbins, supplied in
1834; Rev. William Bailey, ordained April 1, 1840, re-
mained until 1844; Rev. H. B. Gomer, ordained July,
1848, was dismissed 1849; Rev. N. W. Williams was
pastor of the church in 1850, and was succeeded by Ivory
M. Thompson, 1852, ordained Jan. 12, 1853, and dismissed
1859 ; George E. Tucker, 1859 to 1862; H. B. Marshall,
1862 ; O. Richardson, 1865; J. M. Burt, 1871-76; L. E.
Grant, 1877-78 ; Rev. David Hill, since April, 1879. The
meeting-house was built in 1799-1800, and rebuilt after
the division in 1831. Deacons: South, Samuel Woodson,
Joseph Atkinson; North, Isaac Hancock, Rufus Emery,
Daniel Leavitt. Present officers: Joseph Davis, Clerk ;
A. J. Lombard, Joseph Davis, Deacons. Membership
about 140.

METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH.

After the visit of Rev. Jesse Lee, of Virginia, in 1793,
Elder Elias Hall continued to preach once a year in the
town. From this small beginning a class was formed in
TOWN OF BUXTON. 257

 

1799, with Hugh Moore leader.
pastor in 1802-3.

The society increased in 1802, and a meeting-house was
built. Buxton became a station in 1847, and in 1848 the
old church was torn down to build a larger one on the same
ground. In 1870 there were 127 members, with a house
of worship at Kimball’s Corner. The society own a par-
sonage near the church.

Richard Hubbard was

FREE-WILL BAPTIST CHURCH.

The First Free-Will Baptist Church was formed as a
branch of the Gorham Church, and about the year 1800
became a separate body. Among the early ministers were
Elders McCorrison, Jonathan Clay, and Rev. Mr. Hobson.
The first meeting-house was built near Meadow Brook, in
1806. This was replaced by the present one at West Bux-
ton, which was dedicated in June, 1834. This church
contained the first bell in the town. In 1847 it was en-
larged. The later ministers were Revs. A. Hobson, P.
Staples, S. F. Chaney, J. L. Sinclair, J. M. Bailey, P. S.
Burbank, J. M. L. Babcock, H. G. York, G. W. Howe,
KE. Manson, J. M. Bailey, J. Burnham Davis, 1872 to
1876, Frank K. Chase to 1879. Officers: George H. Hill,
Clerk ; Joseph Decker, Ivory Hill, Deacons.

SECOND FREE-WILL BAPTIST CHURCH.

As the result of a reformation conducted by Rev. Jona-
than Clay and Rev. Joseph White, from 1830 to 1834,
the church increased, so that it became expedient to form a
second body in the east part of the town. This church was
therefore organized April 8, 1834, by members of the
church who joined by letter. These were Elder Jonathan
Clay and his daughter, Harriet Clay, George Carll and wife,
Elijah Owen and wife, Isaac Redlon, John Cresley, Eben-
ezer Whitney, Reuben Murch, and Isaac Libby, Jr., who
were made clerk and treasurer. A Sunday-school was
opened in the school-house, where meetings were held until
the erection of the meeting-house at Spruce Swamp in
1839. The dedication sermon was preached by Rev. James
Libby, of Poland, in the fall of that year. Elder Clay
was pastor from the organization until his death, Feb. 20,
1849. He was succeeded by Elder Uriah Chase, in 1853 ;
JI. R. Cook, 1854; Josiah Keene, 1855; Charles Bean,
1861; I. M. Bedel, 1862; George W. Whitney, 1865 ;
Oliver Butler, 1867; A. G. Hill, 1869; B. P. Parker,
1872; W. J. Twort, 1873; W. T. Smith, 1875; Thomas
H. Millett, licentiate, 1878; Otis F. Russell, 1879.

The first deacons were Samuel Elden, who died Oct. 27,
1872, and Elijah Owen, died March 29, 1879; present,
Samuel Merrill, Thomas H. Smith. There is a parsonage
near the meeting-house, which is held by subscription to
shares among the members. Present Clerk, William F.
Carll; trustees of parish, W. F. Carll, Andrew Flood, L.
H. Owen. Membership, 88.

SCHOOLS.

The first public school was opened Aug. 20, 1761, by
Mr. Silas Moody, a graduate of Harvard College, who came
in May of that year with Rev. Paul Coffin. He afterwards

33

 

became a minister, and was especially eminent for his genial
qualities and true piety. The first appropriation recorded
for the maintenance of schools was that of £30 in 1777.
School was kept in the house of Mr. Ebenezer Ridlon, in
1785, by Barnabas Sawyer, who received £25 4s. for teach-
ing six months, In 1783, “ Class (district) No. 1” was
“ connected with Class No. 2, as far as Beach Plains road ex-
tends, and also Classes Nos. 3 and 4 are connected, includ-
ing only those on the way from Haines’ Meadow Bridge to ,
Hovey’s.”’ There were at this time six classes or districts.
Samuel Cutts taught school in 1787, and afterwards a Miss
Sands, and Masters Huse, Bangs, Grace, Kinsley, and Mor-
rissey to 1794, the last teaching for about fifteen years.
Gen. Irish, of Gorham, taught several terms in the Water-
man District.

In compliance with the law of 1789 establishing gram-
mar schools, two grammar schools were opened in the north
and south districts, and taught respectively by Zenas Payne
and Charles Coffin.

Through Mr. Coffin’s efforts the Buxton Academy was
chartered in 1830. This failed soon after from the near-
ness of other academies.

In 1879 there were reported by Dr. A. K. P. Meserve,
Horace Harmon, and John H. Harmon, Superintending
School Committee, 750 scholars, 401 of whom attended
school in summer and 519 in winter. There were $3968.23
available for schools in that year, of which $582.41 were
for the two grammar schools, and the balance for the fifteen
districts comprising the town. The town appropriation for
schools was $2100. The grammar schools are under the
management of Charles Moulton, agent for the north, and
George Hanson, agent for the south, district.

ASSOCIATIONS.

INDEPENDENT ORDER OF ODD-FELLOWS.

Saco Valley Lodge, No. 43, organized June 9, 1875,
with the following officers: J. B. Davis, Noble Grand; A.
H. Barnes, Vice-Grand; Thomas Bradbury, Jr., Sccretary ;
I’. H. Hill, Treasurer. Present membership, 91. Officers,
J. H. Wilson, N. G.; Marshall P. Sawyer, V. G.; Rev.
G. W. Howe, Secretary; J. H. Bradbury, Treasurer.

MASONS.

Buzton Lodge, No. 115, F. and A. M., chartered May
7, A.D. 1863, to take precedence from March 18, a.p.
1863. The charter members were Samuel Hill, Oliver
Tracy, B. F. Harmon, J. C. Bean, Wm. Butler, Emerson

Smith, D. A. Maddox, I. P. Higgins, Wm. Hobson, Peter

Hill, H. Willard Briant. Officers: B. F. Harmon, W.
M.; Samuel Hill, S. W.; J. P. Higgins, J. W.; Emerson
Smith, Treas.; Wm. Butler, Sec.; Oliver Tracy, S. D.;
D. A. Maddox, J. D.; J. C. Bean, Tyler. Present officers:
Willis Crockett, W. M.; George H. Libby, 8. W.; I. T.
Brackett, J. W.; Geo. W. Howe, Treas. ; James Meserve,
Sec.; O. D. Rand, 8. D.; Charles H. Harmon, J. D.; B.
¥. Randall, S. 8.; Geo. A. Sprague, J.8.; Abel G. Smith,
Tyler; Wm. Pierce, Chaplain. Number of members in
1879, 98.
258 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

PROFESSIONAL.

PHYSICIANS.

Dr. Sanborn, who came in 1791, but remained only a
short time, was the first physician of the town. His suc-
cessor was Dr. Royal Brewster. Dr. Bacon, the third phy-
sician, though quite deaf, continued to practice, by aid of
an ear-trumpet, until his death, in 1848.

A. K. P. Meserve, M.D., a prominent citizen of Buxton.

LAWYERS.

Barker Curtis, Esq., the lawyer who first opened an
office for practice in Buxton, remained but a short time,
and was succeeded by J. Adams and Charles Coffin. Hon.
Charles E. Weld was admitted to the bar in 1842, com-
menced practice in West Buxton in 1846, was elected to
the Legislature in 1865, to the Senate in 1866 and 1867,
and treasurer of York County in 1879.

Joel M. Marshall began practice in Buxton, became
partner of Mr. Weld, in 1865, and removed to Bar Mills
in 1871, where he is still in practice.

Caleb P. Brackett was admitted to the bar in 1875, and
became law partner of Mr. Weld in 1874.

Many citizens of Buxton who have entered the profession
of the law have become prominent outside their native
town and State. Previous to 1846 there were located at
Buxton, John Adams, 8. P. S. Thatcher, Charles Coffin,
Joseph Woodman, William T. Hillard, Samuel V. Loring,
and Edwin W. Wedgwood.

Francis Bacon began practice in Buxton, held several
positions of responsibility and trust in York County, and
died in 1871.

Joel M. Marshall began practice here in 1866.

Hon. Cyrus Woodman, of Cambridge, Mass., son of and
grandson of Rev. Paul Coffin.

Charles G. Came, editor, poet, politician.

Hon. Mark M. Dunnell, of Minnesota.

LEADING CITIZENS.

Among the more prominent citizens of Buxton have
been Jacob Bradbury, Esq., who was elected the first rep-
resentative of the town in the General Court of Massachu-
setts in 1781, and re-elected for several years afterwards.
Hon. Toh Woodman, judge of the Court of Common
Pleas, and for a number of years senator in the General
Court of Massachusetts, was a native of this town. He died

in 1827.
MILITARY.

FRENCH AND ENGLISH WAR OF 1755-59.

A company of militia, the first in the town, was organized _

previous to 1757, in which year two muster-rolls in the
State archives at Boston, Mass., were signed by Joseph
Woodman, captain. Samuel Merrill was lieutenant.

John tiene enlisted, was a lieutenant in the war, and on
his father’s death,* which occurred July 14, 1756, was
promoted captain. He was twenty-two years of age at hig

 

- * His father was Capt. John Lane, who commanded the Biddeford’

company, in Col. Joseph Dwight’s regiment, in which his three sons,
John, Daniel, and Jabez, a son between eleven and twelve years old,
and marked on the rolls, in September, 1754, as ‘under age,” ac-
companied him,

) enlistment.

 

He afterwards served as captain in the army
of the Revolution.

Daniel Lane, his brother, enlisted at the age of sixteen,
served with him through the war, and was at the capture
of Quebec. He also was a captain in the Revolution.

FIRST MILITIA COMPANY.

Under the constitution of Massachusetts, Joseph Good-
man, Jr., Samuel Merrill, Jr., and Gideon Elden were the
first commissioned officers. When the militia of the town
was divided into two companies, Capt. Hugh Moore, Mark
Rounds, and John Smith were appointed in the second
company, leaving Capt. Bradbury, who commanded the
block-house, in charge of the south division.

It is related that on one occasion, when the men were all
absent from the settlement for a day and night, an alarm
was raised that the savages were approaching. Mrs. Elden,
wife of the captain, equal to the occasion, arrayed herself
in regimentals, and, taking a rusty sword, assumed the au-
thority of her husband, bidding the other women to follow
her example. Armed with old muskets and bayonets, she
marshaled them around the premises, giving orders in as
stentorian a voice as she could command, as if to officers
and soldiers. With short intervals of rest, the parade was
kept up through the night and into the succeeding day, till
they were relieved by the appearance of their husbands
and brothers, who were very much surprised to find their
settlement a garrison of soldiers.

THE REVOLUTIONARY WAR.

At the breaking out of the war the patriotic young town
of Buxton called a meeting, which assembled June 26,
1774, and appointed Capt. John Elden, John Lane, Sam-
uel Hovey, Samuel Merrill, and John Mason a committee
to draw up resolves expressing their sense of the injustice
of the British in blockading Boston Harbor, and of other
acts which they deemed destructive to American liberty.
When the conflict came, their quota of men, provisions,
and clothing was furnished from time to time for the
army, and £30 sterling were voted for the relief of the
families of those who enlisted in 1778. Citizens of Buxton
fought at Cambridge; John Elden, Jr., and Roger Plaistead
were in the battle of Bunker Hill. Mr. Plaistead was in

| the engagement between the “ Boxer” and the “ Enterprise. x

The first military officers in the town, John E Elden, Samuel

- Merrill, and Thomas Bradbury, held their commissions

under the authority of the king. These they: resigned on
the day of rejoicing for peace, in. 1783.

Thirty men enlisted previous to Aug. 26, 1777.

In Capt. Jeremiah Hill’s Biddeford company, in the
30th Regiment of foot, under Col. James-Scamman, en-

_ listed May 3, 1775, part of whom crossed the Delaware

with Washington, and fought at Monmouth.

Lieutenant, Samuel Merrill. :

Ensign, Daniel Hill.

Sergeants, Ward Eddy, Phineas Towle.

Corporals, John Elden, Matthias Redlon.

Privates, John Cole, Nathan Woodman, Samuel Merrill,
Jr., Robert Brooks, William Andros, James Redlon, Eze.
teal Bragdon, John Sands, Michah Whitney, Jonathan
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Fields, Joseph Goodwin, Samuel Woodsum, Nehemiah
Goodwin.

Capt. Daniel Lane’s company was in Col. Ichabod Allen’s
regiment, and afterwards in the 7th Regiment, under Col.
Brooks. They were enlisted in 1777; were in the Ticon-
deroga expedition with Gen. Schuyler, and afterwards with
Gen. Gates, and participated in the campaign ending with
the surrender of Burgoyne at Saratoga, N.Y. Capt. Lane
was a prisoner at the time of the surrender.

David Lane, captain, enlisted Nov. 14,1776; discharged
Jan. 1, 1780.

John Woodman, sergeant, enlisted June 19, 1777; dis-
charged Oct. 10, 1779.

Isaac Lane, fifer (son of the captain), enlisted Jan. 18,
1777; discharged Jan. 18, 1780.

David Redlon, enlisted March 20, 1777; discharged
Dec. 31, 1780.

Ebenezer Redlon, enlisted Feb. 28, 1777; died May 5,
1777.

John Wilson, enlisted March 5, 1777; killed May 3,
1778.

Nathan Woodman, corporal, enlisted Jan. 1, 1777; dis-
charged Jan. 2, 1780.

Nathan Woodman, Jr., enlisted Jan. 20, 1777; dis-
charged Dec. 31, 1779.

Samuel Cole, enlisted March 18,1777; discharged Dec.
30, 1780.

Benjamin Elwell, enlisted Feb. 13, 1777; discharged
Feb. 13, 1780.

John Elwell (son of Benjamin Elwell), enlisted March
20,1777; discharged March 20, 1780; re-enlisted for the
war.

John Edgerly, enlisted Jan. 20, 1777; transferred to
invalid corps Dec. 30, 1779.

John Cole (2d), enlisted Feb. 9, 1777; discharged Dec.
31, 1779.

John Cole, Jr., enlisted Jan. 20, 1777; transferred to
Capt. Derby’s company, Dec. 31, 1779.

William Hancock, enlisted Jan. 20, 1777; discharged
Feb. 20, 1780.

Samuel Woodsum, on pay-roll of October, 1778.

John Woodsum, on pay-roll of October, 1778; trans-
ferred to commissary department.

John Smith, ensign, on pay-roll of October, 1778.

Capt. Jabez Lane's Company.—This company was in
the 6th Massachusetts Regiment, under Col. Thomas Nixon,
and was with the army at Boston, Cambridge, Long Island,
and with the Northern Department at Ticonderoga and
West Point, under Gen. McDougall. The following names
are from a memorandum of clothing issued, kept by the
captain; the main items charged are “ great cot’s (coats),
stokens, jaccots, shurts,” and “lather briches.” The dates
are in March, 1776.

Names: Benjamin Woodman, Phineas Tole, John Cole,
Lemuel Rounds, Robert. Broox (probably Brooks), Elijah
Bradbury, John Hancock, William Andros, Ebenezer
Redlon, John Boynton, Daniel Boynton, Ephraim Sands,
Dr. Moses Atkinson, James Woodman, Stephen Whitney,
Richard Clay, Henry Flood, Prospect Hill, John Lane.
Abiathar and Joshua Woodman, Isaac Boynton, Samuel

 

Brooks, and Benjamin Clay, whose names occur elsewhere,
should be added to this list.

Capt. John Elden’s Company.—In this company, raised
Feb. 26, 1776, for two months, were James, Joseph, Ben-
jamin, and Sergt. John Woodman. These were at Dor-
chester Heights, March 4th, and fought at Bunker Hill.
Samuel Woodman was one of Gen. Washington’s life-
guards.

Capt. John Lane’s company, raised in 1775, were in
Col. Foster’s regiment eight months, stationed at Cape
Ann, after which they joined Col. Varnum, on Long
Island. They were at Valley Forge in the winter of 1777
~78. There were in this company, from Buxton, John
Lane Hancock, Elijah Bradbury, Joshua Woodman, Samuel
Woodman, and Thomas Harmon, afterwards members of
Gen. Washington’s lifeguard, Abiathar Woodsum, and
Samuel Woodsum.

Caleb Hopkinson was one of Gen. Gates’ body-guard.

Michael Rand was under Gen. Stark at Bennington, Aug.
16, 1777 ; under Gen. Greene in the South, at the battles of
Cowpens, Guilford Court-House, Eutaw Springs, and at the
surrender of Cornwallis, at Yorktown, Va. He was dis-
charged there, Oct. 19, 1781, after five years’ service, and
returned to his home in Buxton on foot.

Roger Plaisted, who was in the navy, was taken prisoner
and confined in Mill Prison, England, whence he escaped
to France with several others, by digging under the walls
of the prison with an iron hoop. Phineas Towle and
William Andros were especially commenced for bravery.

Many of the Revolutionary soldiers sleep in unmarked
graves in the town cemeteries.

In other or unknown commands.— Ephraim Alley,
Elisha Andrews, Lieut. Thomas Bradbury, Winthrop Brad-
bury, Jacob Bradbury, Daniel Coolbroth, James Coolbroth,
William Davis, Thomas Davis, Gibeon Elden, John Elwell,
Benjamin Emery, Daniel Emery, Thomas Emery, Daniel
Fields, Elias Fogg, John Hanscomb, Joel Harmon, Peltiah
Harmon, Nathaniel Hill, John Jose, John Lane, Jr., Abi-
jal Lewis, Esdras Lewis, Joseph Leavitt, James Moody,
Hugh Moore, John Owen, Ebenezer Redlon, Jeremiah
Rolfe, James Rounds, Joseph Rounds, Samuel Rounds,
Theodore Rounds, Asa Simpson, Samuel Smith, Ebenezer
Smith, John Smith, William Smith, Jonathan Whitney,
Stephen Whitney, John Wentworth, Ephraim Woodman,
Michael Woodsum.

REPRESENTATIVES TO THE GENERAL COURT.

John Woodman, 1790-95; Jacob Bradbury, 1796;
none, 1797; John Woodman, 1798-99 ; Jacob Bradbury,
1800; John Woodman, 1801-2; Maj. Samuel Merrill,
1803-4; John Woodman, 1805; Samuel Merrill, Jr.,
Nathan Elden, 1806; Capt. Jas. Woodman, Samuel Mer-
rill, 1807 ; William Merrill, 1808 ; Lieut. William Merrill,
Maj. Samuel Merrill, 1809; Maj. Samuel Merrill, Capt.
James Woodman, 1810; Gibeon Elden, Brice Boothby,
1811; Gibeon Elden, William Merrill, Benjamin Leavitt,
1812; Benjamin Leavitt, 1813; none, 1814-15; Levi
Hubbard, 1816; none, 1817; Benjamin Leavitt, 1818;
Joseph Woodman, Samuel Merrill, Jr., William Merrill,
1819.
260 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES.

STEPHEN H. BERRY

was born in Buxton, York Co., Me., Dec. 22, 1811, the
youngest child of Thomas and Mehitable (Harmon) Berry.
His parents were natives of Buxton; after marriage settled
at Bar Mills, on the place now owned and occupied by Wm.
Sawyer, and here their three children—Sarah, Arthur, and
Stephen H.—were born. Sarah, wife of Joseph Garland,
of Buxton, is deceased ; Arthur was drowned in the Saco
River when about three years of age. His father died
when Stephen H. was seven years old, and he lived with
his mother until her death, which occurred in January,
1833. He received a common-school education, supple-
mented by upwards of a year’s attendance at the Alfred
Academy. His father was part owner of ,a saw-mill at
Bar Mills, Buxton, and thus Stephen H. became early em-
ployed in the manufacture of lumber, which occupation he
followed during his life, carrying on an extensive business
in that line. He dealt largely in timber-lands, and at his
death left a large property in them. In politics he was a
life-long Democrat, but, though often solicited, uniformly
declined to accept public position. His time was fully de-
voted to the prosecution of his business enterprises. He
was prompt and honorable in all his dealings. His word
was as good as his bond. He contributed his share of
means towards the support of the churches and other be-
nevolent enterprises of his neighborhood. Though not a
member, he was a church-going man. He was married,
Dec. 14, 1834, to Catharine Coffin, daughter of James
and Jane Coffin. Mrs. Berry was born in Porter, Oxford
Co., Me., Dec. 21, 1807. Her father was among the
earliest settlers of Porter, was justice of the peace and
selectman there many years, and occupied other offices of
trust. Mrs. Berry was educated at the Fryeburg and
Saco Academies. The children are as follows: Thomas
H., born Sept. 2, 1835; married, June 30, 1869, Anna
Woodman, daughter of Sewall Woodman, of Hollis; wife
died Aug. 19,1871. Martha H., born Sept. 24, 1839;
wife of N. F. Lord, of Buxton; died Jan. 12, 1878.
Abba C., born July 20, 1841; died March 28, 1847.
Stephen E., born July 7,1844; died Dec. 17,1866. An-
drew L., born Dec. 4, 1845; married, Feb. 6, 1878, Susan
A. Came, daughter of Abram L. Came, of Buxton. Addi-
son P., born Nov. 3, 1847; died Sept. 21,1849. Kate,
born Dee. 25, 1849.

Mr. Berry died Sept. 25, 1877.

At the present time all the surviving members of the
family are residing at the homestead, a representation of
which, with the portrait of Mr. Berry, appears on another
page of this work.

all born in Saco.

 

AARON McKENNEY

was born in the town of Saco, York Co., Me., April 4, 1806.
His grandfather, John McKenney, was an early settler in
the town of Scarborough, Cumberland Co., Me., and here
his four sons—Samuel, Aaron, Philemon, and John—were
born. He moved from Scarborough and settled in Saco,
where his sons became prominent and extensive farmers.
The family has been noted for its longevity. John Me-
Kenney lived to be nearly one hundred years old, each of
his sons upwards of ninety years, and Aaron McKenney,
from whom the subject of our sketch received his name, is
still living at the advanced age of one hundred and two.
Samuel McKenney, the eldest of the four sons, and father
of Aaron, was born in 1774 or 1775; married Mary Par-
cher, by whom he had six children,—four sons and two daugh-
ters,—viz., Alvin, Olive, Aaron, Asa, Mary Ann, and Samuel,
The daughters are deceased; the sons
are all living. The father died at the age of ninety-six.
It is said of him that he hoed one thousand hills of corn
in a day when ninety-four years of age. Aaron McKenney
spent his minority at home on his father’s farm, receiving
ouly a common-school education. He was married in Saco,
in 1828, to Lucy Milliken, daughter of Abram Milliken,
of Buxton. In 1833 he moved to Buxton and settled
on the farm where he still resides. For twenty-nine win-
ters in succession he was in the woods getting out logs and
drawing them to the river-bank, employing a large force of
men and teams, and did, perhaps, as large a business in this
line as any one on the Saco River. About the year 1849,
in company with his son Charles W. McKenney, he pur-
chased the saw-mills at Bar Mills, on the Hollis side of the
Saco River, and has carried on for years an extensive business
in the manufacture of lumber. In politics, Mr. McKenney
has been a life-long Democrat. He has filled a number of
town-offices, and for the past four years has been chairman
of the board of selectmen. In religious sentiment a Uni-
versalist. By a life of untiring industry he has secured a
handsome competency, but, what is by far better, through
strict integrity and honorable dealing, has gained the confi-
dence and esteem of the entire community in which he
lives. Strictly temperate in his habits, of a genial, social
disposition, an affectionate husband, a kind and indulgent
parent, a good neighbor, Mr. McKenney deservedly ranks
among Buxton’s best citizens. His children in order of
birth are as follows: Charles W., Maranda, Phoebe A.,
Mary, Martha, Abram, and Lucy Jane. Maranda, Martha,
and Abram are deceased. Charles W. lives in Hollis; owns
and carries on the mills at Bar Mills, doing an extensive
lumbering business. Phcebe A. is wife of J. P. Water-
house, of Portland. Mary and Lucy Jane are living at
home.
 
 

THOMAS EMERY. MRS. THOMAS EMERY,

 

 

IDENGE OF THE LATE THOMAS EMERY, BUXTON GENTRE, MAINE,
NOW THE PROPERTY OF MARK P. EMERY, PORTLAND, MAINE.

  

A.LITTLE Se

RES
TOWN OF BUXTON.

2604

 

MARK P. EMERY.

The name of Emery is of Norman origin. Was intro-
duced into England, 1066, by Gilbert D’Amory, of Tours,
in Normandy, a follower of William the Conqueror, and
with him at the battle of Hastings. In 1635, John, and
son- John, and Anthony, his brother, born in Romsey, in
Nantes, a small cathedral town, about eight miles northerly
from Southampton, embarked from the latter place for
Auerica, in the ship “ James,” Captain Cooper, and landed
in Boston, June 3d of that year. They at once proceeded
to Newbury. John there settled, and died in 1683. The
locality of his longest residence, at Oldtown Lower Green, is
still known as “ Emery’s Field.” From him sprang a numer-
ous progeny, whose representatives are scattered far and wide.
Anthony went to Kittery, where he settled, and from whom
proceeded the other branch of this numerous family.

A family reunion of the Emerys was held at “ Ould
Newberrie,” Sept. 3, 1879, some eighty persons being pres-
ent from all parts of the country. Among them were Rev.
Samuel Hopkins Emery, of Taunton, Mass.; George Emery,
of Boston; Rev. Rufus Emery, of Newburgh, N. Y.; Rev.
Dr. Emery, of West Newbury ; Representative Levi Emery,
of Lawrence ; Moses Jefferson Emery, of Haverhill; George
Edwin Emery, of Lynn; and Mark P. Emery, of Portland,
Me.

The grandfather of Mark P. Emery, Thomas Emery,
born in 1753, was a descendant of Anthony Emery, and a
native of Biddeford, York Co.,Me. He early in life settled
in the town of Buxton, and was one of the pioneers of that
town. Although a farmer by occupation, he was a man of
mark in public affairs. Besides holding many offices in his
town, he, as a member of the old Federal party, was a
member of the State Legislature. He married Hannah
Hammond, Nov. 27, 1773, and reared a family of eight
sons and five daughters. She died Oct. 31, 1827, aged
seventy-five years.

Thomas Emery, father of the subject of this narrative,
was born in the town of Buxton, at. which place he died
Oct. 20, 1856. He married Oct. 4, 1799, Mary Woodman,
of Buxton, and reared a family of six sons and four daugh-
ters,—Rufus, Mrs. Richard Steele, Mrs. John Bradbury,
James W., Horace, Thomas J., Alexander J. (deceased),
Mark P., Mrs. Joseph G. Steele, and Mrs. Joseph Dunnell.
The mother of these children died June 27, 1858, aged
seventy-nine.

Thomas Emery was a farmer and lumberman by occu-
pation, and used to raft his lumber down the Saco River
for shipment to other ports. He was prominent among
the citizens of his town and county; was selectman of
Buxton, and sheriff of York County.

Mark P. Emery was born Feb. 17, 1817, in the town of
Buxton, and spent most of his minority_on the farm. He
received his early education in the town school and Gorham
Academy. At the age of twenty, unaided pecuniarily, he
came to Portland, and for four years was a clerk with
Smith & Brown, grocers and lumber-dealers. In 1845 he
became a partner with J. B. Brown & Jedediah Jewett,
with the firm-name of J. B. Brown & Co., in the same
business, which continued three years, when the partner-

 

ship was dissolved. Mr. Emery was in business alone from
1848 to 1852 as a manufacturer and shipper of shooks, and
an importer of molasses and sugar, trading in the West
Indies. In 1855, after a rest of several years on account of
impaired health, he took in Henry Fox as partner, with the
firm-name of “ Emery & Fox,” and continued in the same
business until 1868. About the year 1860 this firm added
the lumber business to their already extensive shipping and
import trade, and continued as lumber-merchants until
1876, when the partnership was dissolved, and Mr. Emery
sought to retire from the cares of so much business, after
spending nearly forty years as a persevering, industrious,
and enterprising business man. For some years past he
has been engaged quite largely in real-estate operations in
Vermont and New Hampshire. In local matters he has
ever felt a deep interest, and has taken an active part in
the promotion of enterprises tending to the good of society.
His financial ability is recognized by business men, and his
connection with the First National Bank of Portland as
director, and with the Maine Savings Bank as trustee, for
the past three years, has added strength to these institu-
tions. He is also a director of the Maine Steamboat Com-
pany. He represented the Fifth Ward of the city as
alderman for two terms, during which time as chairman of
the committee of the fire department he purchased the first
fire-engine used in Portland. He married Jan. 1, 1846,
Mary S., daughter of Ezra Smith, of Hanover, Me.

ABRAM LORD CAME

was born in the town of Buxton, York Co., Me., April
20, 1800, the third child and only son of John A. and
Phebe (Lord) Came. The progenitor of the family in this
country was Arthur Came, who settled in York County,
town of York, as early as 1670. The line is as follows:
1st, Arthur Came; 2d, Samuel, his only son; 3d, Joseph ;
4th, Arthur; 5th, John; 6th, Abram Lord. His father
was born in the town of York, York Co., Me., Oct. 27,
1767. By occupation he was a lumberman and farmer.
He came to the town of Buxton in 1787, and after mar-
riage, which occurred Oct. 2, 1794, he settled on the place
still owned and occupied by his son. He died there Sept.
16, 1857. His wife died Sept. 10, 1835.

They left five children, viz., Polly, wife of John East-
man, born July 21, 1796, died Dec. 26, 1871; Hannah,
born March 3, 1798, wife of Aaron Leavitt, of Buxton,
died Feb. 5, 1856; Abram Lord, subject of this sketch ;
Phebe, born Oct. 6, 1803, widow of Wm. Boulter, and
resides in Saco; Kesiah, born May 12, 1808, widow of
Silas Berry, residing in Buxton.

Abram Lord Came has always lived in Buxton. His
education was limited to an attendance at the common
school. For occupation he has followed the business of
lumbering and farming. His saw-mills are situated at
Bonny Eagle, on the Saco River, in the towns of Standish
and Hollis, and for many years he has carried on an exten-
sive and successful business in lumbering. As a farmer,
none rank higher in his locality. For a number of years
2603

he has withdrawn from active employment in the conduct
of his lumber interests, and they are carried on by his son,
Isaac LL. Came.

In politics, first a Whig, and a Republican since the or-
ganization of that party. He has served his town as
selectman for a number of years, and was a member of the
Legislature in 1837, 1838, and 1847. Thorough and
efficient in the conduct of his own affairs, he was equally so
in the discharge of all public interests committed to his
care. Though Mr. Came has reached nearly fourscore
years, he is still able to supervise the conduct of his farm,
takes a lively interest in all political and public matters,
and no man enjoys in greater degree the confidence and
esteem of the community in which he lives.

He was married, Feb. 2, 1825, to Annis Greene, daughter
of John and Esther (Shaw) Greene, of Standish, Cumber-
land Co. Mrs. Came was born at Little Falls, Gorham,
June 27, 1803. Their children are as follows: Charles
G., born Sept. 25, 1828, a graduate of Yale College, and
editor of the Boston Journal for twenty years, died Jan.
16, 1879; Isaac L., born Nov. 25, 1827, carries on the
mills at Bonny Eagle; Esther, born Nov. 2, 1829, died May
23, 1863; John H., born May 12, 1832, died in infancy ;
Eliza C., born Nov. 29, 1833, living at home; John H.
(2d), born April 29, 1835, first lieutenant in Company O,
27th Regiment Maine Infantry, died in the war, of fever,
at Fairfax, Va., Jan. 16, 1863; Margaret A., born July
22, 1838, wife of Capt. J. F. Warren, of Buxton; Ann
Maria, born April 29, 1842, died April 20, 1865; Susan
A., born May 25, 1844, wife of A. L. Berry, of Buxton.

AARON CLARK

is a native of the town of Dayton, formerly a part of Hollis.
He was born April 9, 1823. His principal business
through life has been that of a clothier and manufacturer of
woolen goods. Has been a resident of York County all his
life, excepting about four years,—one year in Lawrence,
Mass., and three years in Effingham, which town he repre-
sented in the Legislature of New Hampshire in 1869. His
election was the result of the first combined political action
on the part of the friends of temperance in New Hampshire
for the enforcement of her good prohibitory liquor law,
which was adopted in 1855, but had been, by consent of
both political parties, almost entirely ignored in every county
of the State.

Mr. Clark was first a Whig, because that party favored
protection of American industry by tariff; was pext a Re-
publican, because this party in Maine opposed the extension
of rum as well as negro slavery. Is not a strong partisan,
but has invariably voted with the Republicans, when con-
sistency as a temperance man would allow of it, because, on
party issues vital to the interests of the State and nation,
he believed them to be nearest right.

He was limited to a common-school education, but in
boyhood was taught, not only by “ precept and example,”
but by experience, the valuable lessons of temperance, in-
dustry, and economy, and by their practice through life has
earned a reputation that has given him business positions of

HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

much responsibility and trust. He taught school in the
winter of 1844-45, and then commenced the manufacture
of woolen goods, in which industry twenty years of his life
have been spent,—most of this time in the capacity of agent
for others.

Among the happiest reflections of his life is the con-
sciousness of having been faithful and honest in the dis-
charge of his trusts. .

His father, Aaron Clark, son of Samuel Hill Clark, was
a native of Hollis, born in 1786, and died in the same town
in 1866, aged eighty years. He was in the marine service
in the war of 1812, and had one battle with the enemy’s
ship. Soon after the war he married Mary Dyer, daughter
of Benjamin Dyer, of Hollis. She died in May, 1836,
leaving a family of eight children,—four sons and four daugh-
ters. The two oldest sons, Samuel H. and Benjamin D.,
settled in Orangeburg, 8. C., about 1839. Both were
blacksmiths, and followed that business through life,—own-
ing and hiring slave-labor from necessity. They both mar-
ried Southern ladies, and had families of six children each.
Benjamin died in 1866, aged about forty-seven years.
Samuel died in 1876, aged sixty-one years. The youngest
brother, J. W. Clark, is a wool-carder, and lives in his
native town, Hollis. The four sisters are all married and
settled in Minnesota; each has a family of children.

Mr. Clark was married, June 21, 1846, to Susan Davis,
daughter of Capt. Moses Davis, of Hollis. Mr. Davis was
for many years a successful lumberman at Salmon Falls, and
at one time, before the advent of railroads, he was manager
and part owner of a mail-stage line, running from Portland
to Centre Harbor, N. H. He died in 1865, aged seventy-
seven years. His wife Mary survived him fourteen years,
and died in March, 1879, aged eighty-six years. She had
a family of twelve children,—seven sons and five daughters.
She was the daughter of John Elden, of Buxton, who was
in the battle of Bunker Hill.

BENJAMIN JONES PALMER

was born in the town of Buxton, York Co., Me., April 5,
1819, the youngest son of James and Betsey (Bradbury)
Palmer. There were twelve children in the family, as fol-
lows, in the order of their age: Elijah B., Sally, Abigail, .
Nancy, Richard, James, Maria, Charles H., Benjamin J.,
Elizabeth, Joanna, and Ardelia. Of these only Nancy,
Charles H., and Benjamin J. are living. Nancy, widow
of John Jose, lives with her niece, Mrs. Stephen B. Pal-
mer. Charles H. is a farmer in Hollis. His grandfather
was Andrew Palmer, a farmer, who lived and died in Hollis.
His father was also a farmer, and for many years owned
and carried on the farm now owned by Mr. Watson, situated
in Buxton, on the Saco River, one mile north of Bar Mills.
He died there when Benjamin J. was nineteen years old.
His mother died some years after. She was a sister of the
late Jabez Bradbury, and descends in direct line, as follows,
from: Ist, Capt. Thomas Bradbury, who emigrated from
England in 1634; 2d, William, married Rebecca Maverick ;
3d, Jacob, married Elizabeth Stockton; 4th, Jacob; 5th,
Elijah, who was the father of Jabez and Betsey, his mother.
tire

 

PHOTOS BY Lamson

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
TOWN OF BUXTON.

Benjamin Jones Palmer lived at home until he was
twenty years of age, having only the advantages of a com-
mon-school education. After leaving home was employed
by the month for a number of years, working for Ellis B.
Usher, Living H. Lane, and Stephen H. Berry, in the dif-
ferent departments of their lumbering interests. In 1850
commenced a grogery trade at Bar Mills, and continued
in it for nine years, when he gave it up on account of
ill health. He was married, Jan. 8, 1857, to Mary
Ann Goodwin, daughter of Nathan and Joanna Goodwin.
Nathan Goodwin, her father, was born in Buxton, and,
with the exception of five years in Limington, lived and
died in Buxton. The children were Mary Ann and Moses
B., twins, born April 6, 1820; Capt. W. F. Goodwin, born
Sept. 27, 1825; Elizabeth Jane, born July 20, 1829;
Martha R., born July 5, 1832; Sarah Frances, born Jan.
23, 1834; Moses B. Goodwin, graduated from Bowdoin
College, a lawyer by profession, and formerly editor of the
Merrimac Journal, Franklin, N. H.; Capt. W. I. Good-
win, also a graduate of Bowdoin and the law school of
Harvard College, author of the volume entitled “ Records
of the Proprietors of Narragansett Township, No. 1,” died
March 12, 1872, at Concord, N. H.; Elizabeth, wife of
Dr. J. W. Little, and Martha R., live at Concord, N. H.;
Sarah Frances died Jan. 28,1851. Mrs. Palmer’s father
died Oct. 7, 1853, aged fifty-nine years. Her mother died
Jan. 17, 1872, aged seventy-six years.

Mr. and Mrs. Palmer have lived on the place where
they now live since 1847; built his present residence in
1868; since which time has kept summer boarders and
transient guests. They have one son, Edwin Augustus;
born July 28, 1859; educated at Gorham Academy and
Westbrook Seminary,—living at home.

Mr. Palmer has been a life-long Democrat; in religious
preferences a Baptist, and a great enemy to rum and to-
bacco, regarding them the twin despoilers of the human
race, and in this sentiment Mrs. Palmer is in full accord
with her husband.

JOEL M. MARSHALL,

youngest son of Capt. Joel Marshall, who was a native of
Scarborough, Me., and Mary Marshall, whose maiden name
was Sweat, and at the time of her marriage with the above
was the widow of Richard Moulton, Esq., then late of
Freedom, N. H., was born at Buxton, May 23, 1834,
and commenced at seventeen learning the trade of black-
smith; but, at the age of twenty, having been disabled by
a severe accident, was obliged to discontinue the trade, and
attended school at Parsonsfield, Limington, and Westbrook
Academies, and fitted for college at the latter place. In
1859 he entered Bowdoin College, and graduated from
that institution in 1862. He was engaged in teaching
school winters from 1855 to 1861; was clerk in the Secre-

 

 

 

2603
tary of State’s office at Augusta in the winter of 1861.
Immediately after graduation took charge of Oswego Insti-
tute, a school of the Friends’ Society near Poughkeepsie,
N. Y., and remained there till April, 1863. In August of
that year he commenced studying law with Hon. L. D. M.
Sweat, of Portland, and continued with him and Vinton &

 

Photo. by Conant, Portland.

JOEL M. MARSHALL.

Dennett until his admission as a member of the Cumberland
County bar in May, 1865.

In November, 1865, he formed a law-partnership with
Hon. Charles E. Weld, of Buxton, and continued in prac-
tice with him until May, 1870.

In 1866 he was appointed assistant assessor of United
States Internal Revenue, and attended to the duties of
that office until his resignation in 1870. He was town
agent, selectman, and assessor of the town in 1869-70, and
was a member of the supervising school committee from
1866 to 1872, inclusive.

On June 23, 1870, he married Miss Ellen C. Meserve,
a teacher of the public schools of La Crosse, Wis., who
was also a native of Buxton.

In 1873 he was delegated to compile the historical
sketches of Buxton furnished by Hon. Cyrus Woodman
and others, and to complete the Revolutionary record of
the town, and report and publish the proceedings of its
centennial celebration of 1872.

He opened an office in 1871, at Bar Mills village, and
there and at Salmon Falls, in Buxton, attends to the prac-
tice of his profession and to the care of his farm. He has
been a Republican in politics from the formation of that
party, and has been six years a member of the county
committee.
Witu1am Emery was born
in Sanford, son of William
Emery, who was for many
years a merchant and active
business man; a descendant of
Col. Jacob Emery, one of the
first settlers of Phillipstown,
now Sanford ; educated at North
Yarmouth, Me., and Andover,
Mass. ; read law in the office of
Bradley & Haines and Bradley
& Eastman, and completed his
law studies at the Dow Law
School, Cambridge, Mass. ;
aided in raising a volunteer
company for the Mexican war,
and was elected its captain.
The service of this company was
offered to the United States
government, but the war hay-
ing been brought to a speedy
close by Gen. Scott, no com-
pany was taken from Maine.

Admitted to the bar in York
County, Me., May, 1848, and
commenced practice in the town
where he lived, doing an ex-
tensive law business till 1869.

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By reason of ill health spent
that winter South, since which
time he has had no law office,
and done but little business,
While in Lebanon, for a number
of years held various municipal
offices, and represented the
towns of Lebanon and Sanford
in the Legislature of 1854. Ill
health compelling him to retire
from active business, he re-
moved to Alfred in May, 1871.
Has for five years been one of
the municipal officers of the
town, and is now county attor-
ney. In politics a Democrat ;
an earnest supporter of the re-
form measures of 1878, and
among the foremost in advo-
cating a reduction of salaries
in York County, and in the ex-
penses of State and county.
With a view solely of promoting
these objects, and only then

at the earnest solicitation of his

fellow-citizens, Mr. Emery con-
sented again to accept an official
position.

Pa Photo, by Conant, Portland.
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RESIDENCE OF WILLIAM EMERY,

ALFRED, YORK COUNTY, MAINE,

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ALFRED,

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SITUATION AND TITLE TO LAND.

THE town of Alfred is situated nearly in the centre of
the county of York, of which it is the principal shire- town.:
It is an oblong portion of territory, lying i in a southeast and,
northwest direction, about twelve miles in length and about.
four in breadth in its widest part, tapering nearly'to a point
at each end, and bounded north by a portion, of Waterbo-
rough, east by Waterborough and Lyman, south by Kenne-
bunk, southwest by Sanford, and west by Shapleigh. It
was originally included in Sanford, but in ‘1794 was incor-
porated in a separate district, and in 1808 received an in-"
corporation as a town.

The first civilized men who penetrated the forests of San-
ford and Alfred were trappers and hunters. Beaver were
abundant, and left many marks of their labors in the beds
of streams and shores of ponds that are visible to this
day. Truck-houses were early established on the Saco and
Piscataqua Rivers and at Salmon Falls, from which hun-

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‘ters were sent among the Indians to ‘collect furs. for. the

foreign markets. ° The first civilized “owners, “of the “soil!
Obtained their riglits between 1661 and 1664* at. which
time ‘Maj. William Phillips, ‘of’ ‘Saco, procured. of ‘Fluellen;” ;
Hobinowil; and Captain’ Sunday, Indian chiéfs of Saco and’
Nusighawannok, several quit-claim . deéds of territory. of:

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about four townships of the usual size, viz. ; Phillipsburg, =
now Sanford ; “Alfred, the northern, part ‘of Phillipsburg,”

now Hollis; al part, of Limington. This’ purchase, with.
revised pounds, was confirmed by Ferdinando Gorges, grand-
son of Sir Ferdinando,t to the” grantee or his son, N, athan->

iel Phillips, of Saco, and that portion” included i in ‘Sanford :

(comprising also Alfred) was devised by the will of ‘Mrs. |

Phillips (widow of the. major),. Sept.” 29, 1696, to’ Peleg:
Sanford, her son by a former hushand, after whom’ the
town of Sanford was named. _ The title to. the town of

Alfred i is the same as that of ‘Sanford, being derived from . |:

the Phillips estate,’ ‘with the exception of about’ two miles’ -

square, including the village, which’ was claimed under thé
Governors’ right (Hutchinson : and Oliver), and was long’ in
dispute, A suit was brought, against one of the principal:
settlers, William Parsons, by, ‘the heirs, of, - Saunders} ‘in,
"1803; but before the writ was ‘served Parsons ‘hastened to
abana a4 deed from the heirs of , Hutchinson , and Oliver,
counter-claimants, by which ‘course they’ were, “made de-,
feridants at law, and finally gaified: the: suit. The, defense,
however, involved an expenditure g ora than’ ithe rocelnte
of ‘the land.

; Tv. o.  y
+ ay ’Bolvom! 8 Saco and Biddeford,-p: 164, eS oe
; Ibid.
{ Sir Ferdinand Gorges died in 1647. His grandson, Ferdinando,
inherited his title and estates in Maine.

oe’ ‘

 

-was’a‘shipwright.

take FIRST SETTLERS.
- EA Centennial History of Alfred, giving with great ac-
curacy of-detail the early settlers of the town, was prepared

“and left in- matiuscript’-by the late Dr. Usher Parsons, to

which a Supplement was. added by Samuel M. Came, Esq.,
a well-informed ‘attérney-at-law, of Alfred; and the whole
published in’ pamphlet form, with some additions and revi-
sion, in 1872. With the did of Mr. Came this work has
been again enlarged and revised, and appears in the present

: sketcli of. the: town -prepared for this work, together with

considerable matter derived from other sources. The biog-
raphy of Dr. Parsons, instead of preceding the history, as

. in the pamphlet, has been placed in connection with other

personal sketches, farther on.]

In November, 1764, Simeon Coffin, the first settler of
Massabesic, now Alfred, dwelt for a time in an Indian wig-
wam that stood a few rods south of the residence of the late
Col. Ivory Hall. There was no white man living at that
time ‘within seven miles of him. A few Indians still lin-
gered about Massabesic and. Bunganut’ Ponds, one family
being:i in a wigwam where the present ‘house. of: ae Mo

ship stands ; bait soon all the. aborigines. disappeared.: ‘

- Theré: were. three brothers snanied ‘Coffin, the sons “of
sisi Coffin, of: ‘Newbury. The eldest, named! Simeon,
After building a-vessel there,’ he lost:it
by the bankruptey of the purchaser, and,.being thus reduced
to penury, he-sought:a-shelter for himself in. the wilder-
negs, and also for-his aged father and‘two-brothers, named
Stephen ‘and’ Daniel, who arrived early in the. spring of
1765: The- father settled south: of: his..son ,-Simeon, ‘and .
the two other sons pitched their tents farther south, and’
were succeeded there. -by: David and: Moses Stevens. sBee
yond these’settled soon after Daniel McDaniels,:who was
succeeded, by David Hibbard, ‘Andrew, and: his. son John
Noble, from Somersworth, and. George D..Moulton’; next
to him was‘James Harvey and, still’ farther south, Jeremiah
Eastman, a’ shoemaker, near- the’ dwelling of :thie.late John
Emerson, - About ‘the same ‘time came his. futhér,:Daniel
Eastman, from Concord; N.. H. “swith. five other sons, and

- settled a ‘few rodg south: of:Mr. Emerson. His’ son, Ezekiel,
' gettled: half -way between Lary’s -Bridgé? (now Emerson's)

and’ the Brooks house,’ “built. by’ Rev: Mr. Turner. Daniel;
Jr.; “built on the’hill a Pont rods; south ofthe house formerly
seule by the'late Joseph-Parsous and now.by. Mr..Charles
Sayward, and was succeeded by a ‘Mr.. Alley, who, after=

wards moved to: Parsonsfield. William. Eastman. lived near
' .Nowell’s. Milli-a -mile- northeast. from Col. Daniel: Lewis ;

Jeremiah: Eastman, the shoemaker, owned’ the site of the
_ present Congregational: meeting-house and grave-yard; which
' he sold to Mr. Nathaniel Conant and Mr. Emerson, and the

lot opposite he sold to John Knight, who sold it forty years
261
262 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

after to Dr. Abiel Hall. It is now occupied by Alonzo
Leavitt. Obadiah Eastman was younger, and hired out to
labor.

Daniel Lary, a tanner by trade, built a house between
Lary’s or Emerson’s bridge and Ezekiel Hastman’s. The
cellar is now visible. It was supposed to be the first frame
dwelling-house built in Alfred. It was finally moved to the
corner where the brick hotel built by C. Griffin stood, and
was used many years as a school-house. Lary’s tan-yard
was by the brook, near his house. In felling a tree near
the late Col. Lewis’, he accidentally killed Daniel Hibbard.

In 1776 came Charles and John White, from Kenne-
bunkport, whose father, Robert White, came there from
York in 1740. Charles married Sarah Lindsey, and John
a Wakefield. They lived two or three years about 100 rods
west of the brick house built by Andrew Conant, in what
is still called the White Field. They erected half of a
double saw-mill; and one Ellenwood from Wells, Thomas
Kimball, and his brother-in-law, Seth Peabody, and Benja-
min Tripe, owned the other half. The two Whites subse-
quently sold their field and mill, or exchanged them for a
tract of land half a mile south on the Mousam road. Charles
White was succeeded by his son, Deacon Samuel, and his
grandson, Thomas, and is at present occupied by Mr. Albert
Littlefield; and John White by his son, John, who after-
wards removed farther south, having sold his lot to Daniel
Conant, who dwelt and died there. This lot of John’s was
previously owned by Dodipher Ricker, who, after a short
residence there, moved to Waterborough.

The father of Charles White was buried in the White
Field near their house, and near the Moses Swett house. In
the same ground were buried the father of Samuel Friend
and Daniel Conant, the brother of old Mr. Nathaniel. El-
lenwood, head-carpenter in building the mill, erected a one-
story house facing it on the hill; it stood opposite the pres-
ent brick house. He finally sold it to Conant, who added a
two-story front to it that faced the brick house. It was sub-
sequently moved half a mile north, and was the residence
of Rev. Mr. Douglass, Charles Paul, and the late Israel
Chadbourne.

In 1770 arrived Nathaniel and Daniel Conant, and
Samuel and John Friend, from Danvers. Samuel settled
near where Albert Webber now resides, and John, a weaver,
about half a mile north, where his son resides.

Nathaniel Conant, just named, had been adrover in Dan-
vers. He bought the field west of the brick dwelling of
the two Whites, and also their half of the saw-mill. Mr.
Conant’s residence was in the one-story building facing the
mill, which had been built and occupied by Ellenwood, the
millwright. To this one-story he employed Seth Peabody
to add a two-story house, which, on the erection by his son,
Andrew, of the brick house opposite, was, as before men-
tioned, moved north half a mile, to the lot opposite the late
William Parsons’. Andrew Conant moved eastward, and
died there. His father, Nathaniel, was an enterprising and
useful citizen, and owned the largest real estate in the town.
He died in 1807, leaving five sons and two daughters.

There were two or three Indian families on the east side
of Massabesic or Shaker Pond and on the hill when Simeon
Coffin, the pioneer, arrived. He soon after moved from the

 

wigwam near Capt. Hall’s to a cabin a little north of Far-
num’s tannery, and then to the top of Shaker Hill, to one of
the wigwams standing, as before remarked, on the site of
the present house of Shaker worship. He was soon followed
by Chase Sargent, Daniel Hibbard, and Benjamin Barnes,
with his five sons, wife, and daughters. There came, also,
Valentine Straw, near the site of the Shaker mill, and at
the south end of Shaker Hill came and settled Ebenezer
and Thomas Russell. About the same time several families
settled about Bunganut Pond at Mast Camp, who soon be-
came “ Merry Dancers,”* and united with the others above
named.

Besides the Coffins, who arrived in 1764 and 1765, there
came in the latter year Daniel Giles, a native of Plaistow,
New Hampshire, who tarried one year on his way in San-
ford, and then settled a quarter of a mile north of Coffin’s
wigwam, on the bank of the brook near the potash-factory,
subsequently established. His son, named Stephen, was the
first male child born in Alfred; a female child was born
among the Coffins a few months previous. Deacon ‘Giles’
wife died in 1774, which was the first death of an adult in
Alfred. The first two-story house was built by said Giles.
Daniel Hibbard, as before stated, succeeded Daniel McDan-
iels in the Noble house; he was accidentally killed by Daniel
Lary in felling a tree, on the hill northeast of the late Col.
Lewis’; his widow, Ruth Hibbard, taught a school in the
Ezekiel Eastman house, with her daughter, Dolly, and then
moved to the Barneses on Shaker Hill. The Barnes family
came from Berwick, first to the John Knight house, north
of the late John Sayward’s, and were succeeded by Joshua
Conant, John Knight, and Mr. Yeaton ; the Barneses moved

. from the foot of Shaker Hill to the top of it, where they

joined the Shakers.

Simon Nowell moved from York in 1770, and erected the
saw-mnill three-quarters of a mile north from Col. Lewis’;
he was succeeded by James Hill, having moved to Shaker
Hill.

John Knight came from Kittery Shore, near Portsmouth ;
he purchased land of Isaac Coffin, where Alonzo Leavitt
lives; he built a barn and resided in one portion of it, and
entertained travelers, with whom he acquired the name of
“ Barn Knight ;” at one time religious meetings were held
in it, which were much disturbed by the Merry Dancers ;
he moved to the Hill, now Yeaton’s, and was in 1801 suc-
ceeded by Dr. Hall, and since by Gen. Thomas and Alonzo-
Leavitt.

Samuel Whitten, who married a Poindexter, and Hum-
phrey Whitten, who married a Lassel, came from Cape
Porpoise and settled in Back Street, and were succeeded
by numerous children; their father came from Salisbury,
Mass.

Matthew Lassel, near George L. Came’s, was succeeded
by Benjamin Whitten.

John Kilham, a shoemaker and gardener, came from Dan-
vers ; he was brother of Dr. Daniel Kilham, a senator in the
Legislature ; his wife was a Dodge, a relative of the elder
Mrs. Nathaniel Conant.

Samuel Cluff came from Kittery Point and resided in

 

* Name applied to an emotional sect of “New Lights.”
TOWN OF ALFRED.

263

 

Back Street, near a bend in the road, and was succeeded
by his son James and Rev. James A. Ferguson; he was
promoted from a captain to a major. .

Paul Webber came from Cape Neddick, in York; he
was a soldier in the Revolution, and subsequently was hired
on the farm of the widow of Samuel Friend, who became
his wife; he built the house now occupied by George L.
Came, and about the year 1795 erected the large house at
the village occupied by the late Joseph Sayward ; for many
years he kept a hotel and grocery-store; he commanded the
militia company as successor to Maj. Cluff; he afterwards,
in 1808, returned to the present house of Mr. Came and
died there, leaving one son named Paul, who occupied the
house built by Joseph Avery.

Jotham Wilson came from Wells and resided many years
near Mr. Came’s house, recently occupied by young Mr.
Ferguson, and was succeeded by Thomas Lord.

Gideon Stone settled in Back Street and moved to the
Gore. He was succeeded by John Plummer, who came
from Somersworth. His son, John Plummer, represented
the town in the Legislature in 1834. The house is now
occupied by Charles H. Fernald.

Eastman Hutchins came from Arundel and settled at the
north end of Back Street, where he was succeeded by Abiel
and George B. Farnum. Hutchins was a sergeant in the
Revolutionary war, in the company of which Tobias Lord
was lieutenant. He served as town clerk and selectman.
He died without issue.

Levi Hutchins, cousin of Eastman, came from Cape Por-
poise and was also a soldier in the Revolutionary army.
He résided near John Plummer’s.

Joseph Avery came from Cape Porpoise. He was the
son of Joseph, who came there from Kittery in 1714, and
lost seven children out of eleven with throat distemper.
Mr. Avery was a selectman many years; a blacksmith ; and
moved to Shapleigh and died there.

Samuel Dorman, an old bachelor, came from Boxford in
1769. He was born in 1716 and died in 1804. He entered
upon a strip of land, as a squatter, extending from the
middle Mousam branch to the eastern. He sold the east-
ern portion of this strip to Goodrich, and resided himself
on the west portion, which he sold in strips to William
Parsons. The old brick school-house made the northwest
corner of Dorman’s or Goodrich’s lot, sold to Joshua
Knight, who gave the lot on which the school-house stood.
Along the north side of this lot, towards the new bridge,
ran the Pequawket road, crossing the river a little below
the new bridge, so called, which is one hundred rods from
Mr. Came’s.

Tobias Lord, son of Capt. T., was born in Wells; was
a lieutenant in the Revolutionary army under Capt. Little-
field, and was in Col. Storer’s regiment at the taking of
Burgoyne in 1777. He died in Kennebunk, 1808.

Morgan Lewis arrived in 1772. His wife was sister of
Benjamin Tripe, who helped build Conant’s Mill. He came
from the north parish of York, and settled near where his
son, Col. Daniel Lewis, lived. There came with him Joseph
Welch, Benjamin Lord, Sr., and a Mr. McIntire. After
the war several of Mr. Lewis’ old neighbors came, viz.,
William and Theodore Linscott, three Traftons,—Benjamin,

 

 

John, Jeremiah,—their mother and two sisters, Mrs. John
and Ebenezer Sayward. These settled in what is called
York Street. Mr. Lewis was lieutenant of a York company
when the war broke out, and marched to Cambridge, and
from there to Bunker Hill to cover the retreat of the ex-
hausted soldiers under Prescott. His captain never joined
the company, and he was promoted to the rank of captain
and major. He purchased a place north of Farnum’s tan-
yard and placed Col. Joel Allen upon it as tenant, who
afterwards moved to the Mast road, so called. Mr. Lewis’
son Jeremiah lived there a while, and was succeeded by John
and Joshua Conant and Roswell and Nathaniel Farnum.

Benjamin Trafton was a sergeant in the Revolutionary
army. He was in the battles of Bunker Hill and Mon-
mouth, and was in the retreat under Gen. Lee.

John Trafton, brother of Benjamin, lived near Ridley in
York Street.

Moses Swett came from New Hampshire about 1772,
and lived in a small house thirty rods east of Swett’s
Bridge. About 1795 he built a two-story house opposite,
which was moved in 1801 a mile north, and is now occupied
by James L. Emerson. Mr. Swett was a lieutenant in
Lewis’ company and marched to Bunker Hill.

John and Joshua Goodridge came in 1774 or 1775 from
South Berwick. John settled where Albert Webber lives,
and Joshua opposite Samuel Dorman’s. They both moved
to the Gore. They were blacksmiths.

Moses Williams settled near Deacon Giles, a few rods
north, and at about the same period of time. He was an
eminently pious man and good citizen. His descendants
are numerous, but scattered abroad.

Ebenezer Hall came from Concord, N. H., in 1770, and
resided where his nephew, Col. Ivory Hall, lived. The
year previous to his arrival he spent at Fryeburg with Col.
Frye. He and Deacon Giles were deacons in Mr. Turner’s
church. He kepta hotel; was a most genial and hospitable
citizen, and universally beloved. He was the second militia
captain of Alfred, Lewis being the first.

Archibald Smith, father of the elder, lived opposite
where his son lived as early as 1771, and his son, Archi-
bald, Jr., who settled one hundred rods west of him. He
married a Tripe, and his brother, the elder, a Hodgdon,
sister of the mother of John Noble. His wife’s brother,
Benjamin Tripe, Jr., resided near him.

Eliphalet Griffin was a blacksmith, from Deerfield. He
was succeeded by his son, John Griffin, Orrin Downs, and
later by Mrs. Ivory Bean. He was drowned in Shaker
Pond.

John Turner, the first settled minister, was from Ran-
dolph, Mass., graduated at Brown, and settled in Alfred.
He removed from there to Biddeford, and thence to King-
ston. He died in Roxbury.

Joseph Emerson, son of a clergyman in Topsfield, gradu-
ated at Harvard, 1775. He taught school in Kennebunk ;
married a Miss Durrel. Soon after the war he removed to
Alfred. Twice he taught school in Alfred village; was
many years a justice of the peace and a selectman, and
the first postmaster appointed in Alfred. His dwelling for
many years was the one-story part of the house his late son
Joseph resided in.
264 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

Jeremiah Clements built the house subsequently occu-
pied by Joshua Emery, a quarter of a mile south of Shaker
Bridge.

Moses Stevens, father of David and Aaron, bought the
estates of Stephen and David Coffin, the pioneers, and
resided there. It came into the possession of Tobias Lord,
Esq., the wealthy Kennebunk merchant, who built there a
handsome dwelling, which is now occupied by J. EH. Pollard.

Thomas Kimball, one of the builders of Conant’s mill,
dwelt a quarter of a mile north of it. He sold to Amos
Grandy, a seafaring man from Guernsey, and moved a
quarter of a mile east of the brick school-house.

Benjamin Tripe, another builder of Conant’s mill, lived
half-way between it and Grandy’s. He moved to Lyman,
and was succeeded by Nathaniel Conant, Jr., who erected
the fine house lately occupied by Mr. Herrick, then by
James G. Allen, and now by Luke H. Roberts.

Seth Peabody, another of the builders of Conant’s mill,
and of Mr. Conant’s two-story dwelling, resided thirty rods
west of his brother-in-law, Thomas Kimball. He left for
service in the Revolutionary war, having sold out to Wil-
liam Parsons, who, after residing in it seven years, moved
it a quarter of a mile north and used it for a potash-factory.

William Parsons, after residing in the Peabody house,
erected a two-story dwelling near the potash-factory. He
was the son of Rev. Joseph Parsons, of Bradford, Mass.,
and grandson of Rev. Joseph P., of Salisbury. He was
the first justice of the peace appointed in Alfred; was many
years town clerk and selectman. He manufactured lumber
and potash, surveyed land, kept a retail store, and carried
on farming. He was succeeded by his son Wm. P., Wm.
G. Conant, Jotham Allen, Nathan Dane, Jr., and George
Tebbetts. Joshua Knight succeeded Goodrich, nearly op-
posite Wm. Parsons’. He married the daughter of Thomas
Kimball. He was succeeded by Samuel Clark, and Clark
by B. F. Knight. Daniel Knight, brother of Joshua and
son of John, resided many years opposite the school-house
at the corner, and moved to the hill near his father.

Otis Alley, whose father lived on the hill near Bean’s,
lived a few rods southwest of Swett’s Bridge. He moved
to Kennebunk, and was a ship-carpenter. He died a soldier
in the war of 1812.

Ambrose Ridley came from Passamaquoddy, and scttled
in York Street, where his descendants live. He had five
sons and several daughters.

Jotham and Joel Allen, sons of Col. Joel, married Ga-
reys,—the daughters of Deacon Joseph Garey and James
Garey,—and both had children.

John Sayward came from York with the York Street emi-
grants, married a Trafton, sister of Benjamin and Jeremiah.
He was succeeded by his son Rufus, and Jotham Allen.

Ebenezer Sayward, brother of John, settled near him.
He was many years jail-keeper and deputy sheriff.

Daniel Lewis, son of Maj. Morgan L., resided next east
of the river, in York Street. He married Abigail, daughter
of William Parsons, and was succeeded by his son John,
who died 1861, leaving four children. Daniel Lewis com-
manded a company, and was colonel of a regiment.

Morgan Lewis, the youngest son of the major, lived near
the colonel.

 

Jedediah Jellison came from South Berwick, and settled
a mile southwest of Swett’s Bridge. His son Thomas set-
tled opposite him, and was succeeded by Deacon Alden B.
Kimball.

Samuel Jellison, brother of Jedediah, settled in Mouse
Lane, and was succeeded by a Mr. Day. He removed to
Shapleigh.

Simeon Witham, a Revolutionary soldier, resided near
the Haleys, in York Street, and also at the grist-mill that
once stood a quarter of a mile west of the late Aaron Lit-
tlefield’s, who moved it to its present site, near the resi-
dence of the late Lyman Littlefield.

William Haley lived near the west side of the Round
Pond. He moved to Shapleigh.

Elder Jonathan Powers lived half-way between the
Round Pond and the Hay Brook, where Edmund Fernald
now lives. He was an elder in the Baptist Church, and
preached in Back Street.

Evat Willard lived near Hatch’s, at the Hay Brook. He
arrived at an advanced age. He came from Sanford.

Stephen Hatch was among the early settlers, and owned
a brickyard, the second one in town. He came from York.
Samuel Usher was the last occupant of the place.

Richard Phenix lived between Powers’ and the Hay
Brook. He was a shoemaker by trade, and had his leg
amputated in 1799. He lived to a great age, and died in
1858.

Bartholomew Jones lived in Mouse Lane. He came
from Boston, and was succeeded by his son Calvin. Bar-
tholomew Jones, though a common farmer, was a most
polished gentleman in manners, address, and personal ap-
pearance. He was an exemplary and religious man.
George W. Tripp now lives on the farm.

There were two other Jones’ in Mouse Lane besides
Bartholomew, viz., Elisha, and Elisha, Jr., who were
farmers.

Joseph Knight, John Linscott, Jacob Linscott, Henry
and Wilton Day, Benjamin Estes, Joshua Goodwin, Eph-
raim and Solomon Ricker, John Shackford, Aaron and
John Wormwood, and John, Jr., all resided in Mouse Lane,
and were teamsters and farmers.

On the Gore, as it was called, there were three persons
named Bean, viz., John, and his sons, John and Jeremiah.
The first John was succeeded by John Hazletine and Edge-
comb, and Jeremiah Bean by Benjamin Bean and Stevens,
and the other John Bean by William C. Marshall and John
Yeaton.

William C. Marshall, a blacksmith, built a log house in
1790. The place is now owned by John T. Hall.

Benjamin J. Jewett, a bowl and mortar turner, came
from Stratham, N. H., in 1775. The place is now owned
by his son.

William Smith, one of the first settlers, was succeeded
by William Leavitt and John Wheelwright. David Davis
was succeeded by his son Daniel, commonly called major,
and Samuel Davis. There were also a Samuel Tweed, a
farmer, and John Scribner, who resided in or near the Gore.

The number of tax-payers in Alfred in 1799 was 122, as
shown in a list taken for “John Adams’ direct tax,” to
which the following certificate was appended :
SS

SS S
Rj#>E\EKe
RA

SSN
\

 

Photo. by Conant, Portland,

HON. SYLVESTER LITTLEFIELD

was born in the town of Wells, York Co., Me., May
27, 1820, the eighth child of Theodore and Martha
(Hobbs) Littlefield. The progenitor of the family
was Edmund Littlefield, who emigrated from South-
ampton, England, in 1637, first settling in Exeter,
N. H., and removing to Wells in 1641.

Theodore Littlefield, father of Sylvester, was
born, married, raised his family, and died in Wells.
He was a millwright by trade, and a thorough me-
chanic. There were nine children in the family,
viz.: one died in infancy, Theodore, Olive, Chris-
topher, Woodbury, Ann, William H., Sylvester,
and Enos H. Olive, Christopher, and Woodbury
are deceased. Theodore and Enos H. are residents
of Alfred. Ann is wife of Ivory Goodwin, of
Wells. The mother died at Kennebunk.

Sylvester Littlefield received his education at the
common school of his native town, and at Kenne-
bunk and Parsonsfield Academies. At the age of
sixteen he taught the district school at Wells one
term. In 1836 he went to Tyngsborough, Mass., and
learned the millwright trade of his brother Chris-
topher. He remained here four years. For about
three years following, in the employ of and accom-
panied by his brother Christopher, he was engaged
in introducing a patent water-wheel in portions of
the States of Pennsylvania, New York, and Canada.
He came to Alfred in the fall of 1842, and taught
the district school there the following winter.

 

Since 1843 he has carried on, in company with his
brothers, Theodore and Enos H., the carding, saw,
and grist-mills situated on the eastern branch of the
Mousam River, one mile southeast of the village of
Alfred. They also operated a steam saw-mill in the
town of York from 1865 to 1870. For about ten
years after coming to Alfred, Mr. Littlefield worked
at his trade, in connection with his manufacturing
interest.

In politics Mr. Littlefield was identified with the
Democratic party up to the organization of the Re-
publican party, and has since been an active sup-
porter of the latter. He has filled the office of town
clerk, and is at the present time chairman of its
board of selectmen. Has served as county treasurer
two years, and was a member of the Legislature in
1857 and 1862; was assistant assessor of internal
revenue for a number of years, and an elector in the
last Presidential electoral college. He has been a
member of the Methodist Episcopal Church at
Alfred for the last twenty-eight years.

He was married, Nov. 14, 1850, to Mrs. M.
C. Burton, widow of Isaac M. Burton, and daugh-
ter of Benjamin J. and Mary (Conant) Herrick.
Mrs. Littlefield was born in Alfred, Aug. 17,
1822. They have had three children; all died in
infancy. Mrs. Littlefield has been a member of
the Alfred Methodist Episcopal Church for about
forty years,
“ALFRED, March 25, 1799.

“The foregoing is a true copy of the General List of letter D, in
the 13th District and 2d Division of the State of Massachusetts,
agreeable to an act of Congress, passed the 9th day of July, 1798.

“Wu. Parsons, Principal Assessor.”

MILLS IN ALFRED.

The first one erected was Conant’s, already described.
The water from it flowed back to the Pequawket road, and
incommoded the emigrants to Fryeburg, who forded the
river a few rods below the bridge, near Mr. Came’s.

The second one was at the extreme south end of the
town, formerly owned by John Parsons.

The third, Moody’s mill, near the Gore.

The fourth, York’s mill, above Moody’s.

The fifth, Swett’s mill, half a mile southeast of Conant’s.

The sixth, north of the late Col. Lewis’, called Nowell’s.

The seventh, John Knight’s, north of Shaker Hill.

The eighth, Ricker’s, near Knight’s, afterwards the
Shakers’.

The ninth, Sayward’s, between John and Ebenezer Say-
wards’.

The tenth, Littlefield’s, built near the bridge.

The first grist-mills were, 1, Conant’s; 2, Shakers’; 3,
Littlefield’s, built by Morgan Lewis and William Parsons,
fifty rods west of the present one; 4 and 5, Hstes’ and
Moulton’s, at the extreme end of the town; 6, Burleigh’s,
near the Gore.

The first pottery was started by Joshua Emery, as early
as 1791; the second by Daniel Holmes, 1805, opposite
the meeting-house, which was moved north to the road in
front of Mr. Brooks’ house, and afterwards to nearly op-
posite the court-house, by Porter Lambert; fourth, by the
late Paul Webber.

The first tanners were Deacon Stevens, Daniel Lary, Maj.
Warren, and Farnum & Lindsey.

The first postmasters were Joseph Emerson, John Co-
nant, Abiel Hall, ete.

SCHOOLS.

The first school-teachers were females. Mrs. Hibbard
and her daughter taught about 1770, and were succeeded
by Dolly McDonald. The earliest schoolmaster was John
Dennie, grandson of Rev. Dr. Coleman, of Boston, who
taught one session among the Gileses. He was succeeded
by Jonas Clarke, John W. Parsons, Joseph Emerson, John
Giles, Mr. Emerson again, Rev. John Turner, Daniel
Smith, Robert Harvey, and Robert Jenkins. Until the
beginning of this century school-teaching was almost en-
tirely at the Corner, and in the old frame house first raised
in Alfred, by Daniel Lary. After 1800 the town was
divided into school districts. In 1803 a brick school-house
was erected, which was removed in 1860; the lot for the
same was given, as before observed, by Joshua Knight, and
the building erected by Joseph Parsons. The teachers
after this century commenced were Daniel Smith, John
Bucklin, Abram Peavey, Jotham Hill, Thomas Rollins,
Abiel Hall, Usher Parsons, Isaac C. Day, Joseph Brown,
John Frost, Henry Holmes, Benjamin Emerson, John P.
Hale, and Daniel Goodenow.

34

TOWN OF ALFRED.

 

265

ACADEMY.

The academy building was built by private subscription
in the year 1828. The State granted $300. W. C. Lar-
rabee was the first preceptor, and Bion Bradbury the second:
It was kept in operation a portion of the year, most of the
time until the erection of the graded school building in
1862. The building was removed from the old site and
converted into a dwelling-house in 1879.

The high, or graded, school building is a commodious
wooden structure, with bell and modern school-furniture.
The school is well conducted, and has an average attendance
of about 50 scholars. There are 7 districts in the town, with
a population, in 1870, of 1224, and a valuation of $427,-
140. The value of school property is placed in the State
superintendent’s report at $5000; number of pupils regis-
tered, 251.

The first traders were: 1, Nathaniel Conant; 2, William
Parsons, who brought a few goods with him from Berwick ;
3, Thomas Giles; +, Nathaniel Conant, Jr.; 5, Paul Web-
ber; 6, William and Daniel Holmes.

The first brickmakers were Daniel Hibbard, who was
accidentally killed by Lary, Gilbert Hasty, Nathaniel Webb,
all of them near Conant’s mill, and Stephen and Henry
Hatch, near the Hay Brook.

The first potash-makers were Deacon Giles and Andrew
Burleigh, which proved unsuccessful. William Parsons
and Thomas Giles were successful, and continued the busi-
ness several years. Parsons also carried it on at Water-
borough Corner.

The first blacksmiths were John and Joshua Goodrich,
Joseph Avery, and Eliphalet Griffin.

ROADS.

There were Indian trails leading through the forests of
York County prior to 1620, by which trappers and hunters
pursued their game. About this time, or a little earlier,
a settlement was made at Winter Harbor, at the mouth of
Saco River, and in 1624 mills were erected on the branches
of the Piscataqua, at Newichawannock and Quampegan.
Indians were numerous on the banks of these and of the
Mousam River, and on the shores of large ponds, as the
Ossipee, Massabesic, and Pequawket, or Lovel’s Ponds,
who collected furs and brought them to the truck-, or trad-
ing-house. The Indian pathways were most numerous along
the rivers by which intercourse was held between the in-
terior and the sea-board, where Indians were drawn in pur-
suit of shell-fish. Such was probably the course of travel
until the truck-houses were opened at Saco, Wells, Salmon
Falls, and Dover (Cocheco), when the hunters opened new
paths from river to river, across the intervening territory.
Thus the first road that crossed Alfred, of which we have
any knowledge, came from Salmon Falls over Oak Hill,
and south of the house of old Col. Emery, and near Mr.
Staniel’s, to the Hay Brook, and thence near and a little
east of Aaron Littlefield’s bridge, and, crossing there, as-
cended the bank and passed along near the south side of the
court-house, and onward to the new bridge, through Lyman
to Little Falls, before a single house was erected in Alfred,
and was probably the first road opened. through the town.
The road between Alfred and Kennebunk must have been
266 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

opened early for lumber to pass from Conant’s mill. It is
believed, however, to have passed through Mouse Lane.
The Pequawket road from Sanford branched off many rods
east of Littlefield’s house, and went back of Alonzo Leavett’s
house, and of the jail and Emerson’s barn, down to the brook
at Lary’s, and thence bore eastwardly to John Emerson’s
and to Shaker Bridge, giving off a branch to go by Griffin's
up to the Coffin and Giles road, whilst the Shaker branch,
after crossing at the foot of the pond, went onward to the
mills nearer to the ponds than the present road, which goes
over Shaker Hill through the village.

MILITARY.

Maj. Morgan Lewis, as before mentioned, was first lieu-
tenant in the army of the Revolution, and served twelve
months at Cambridge as acting captain, and was finally pro-
moted to major. He marched at the head of the company
from Cambridge to Bunker Hill to cover the retreat of
Prescott’s army. After his return from the war he com-
manded a company, and Ebenezer Hall was first lieutenant
and William Parsons ensign. Hall was made captain on
the promotion of Lewis, and Parsons lieutenant. They
both resigned, and Samuel Cluff, the ensign, was made cap-
tain, Benjamin Trafton lieutenant, and John Parsons en-
sign. Cluff was promoted to major, Paul Webber chosen
captain, and Parsons lieutenant, but declined the office, and
Henry Day and Jotham Jewett were chosen lieutenant and
ensign. After this Daniel Lewis was chosen captain, and
in 1814 was chosen colonel of the regiment.

THE UNITED SOCIETY OF BELIEVERS, CALLED
SHAKERS.*

Less than two miles north from the court-house is Shaker
village, situated upon an eminence that rises between the
Buoganut Pond on the east, and the Massabesic on the
west, a most delightful and romantic spot,—a location well
calculated for just such a quiet, industrious, orderly people
as inhabit there, and a history of Alfred could not be com-
plete without a limited history of this peculiar people, who
have occupied a prominent place in the community, as well
as being extensively known and respected in the county
and State at large. There are but two societies of these
law-loving, law-abiding, religious people in this State; the
other is at New Gloucester, Cumberland Co.

BRIEF HISTORY OF THE SHAKERS.

Ann Lee was the founder of this order of people. She
was born in Manchester, England, Feb. 29, 1736. In early
childhood she was remarkably devout, and her mind was
given to labor upon spiritual and divine things, and in early
life she united with James and Jane Wardly, leaders of a
branch of the Quaker order, who were greatly gifted in spirit-
ual manifestations, and noted for the clear testimony they
bore and the purity of their lives. By her exemplary life,
deeply spiritual impressions, and soul-searching testimony,
she soon became an efficient help and support to that society.
Being greatly gifted in visions, revelations, and prophecy,
and by her superior gifts and powerful ministrations she

 

%* Furnished by Elder Otis Sawyer,

 

soon became the acknowledged leader among them, and by
her followers received the endearing title of Mother, which
all her faithful followers repeat with pleasure.

Her testimony was so strong and pointed against the seat
of human depravity and sin in every form, so boldly de-
clared and so piercing as to rend the covering and expose
the deceit and hypocrisy of the corrupt human heart, that
it aroused the enmity of the wicked, and she was most
cruelly persecuted, mobbed, beaten, and abused, the marks
of which she carried with her through life, and finally she
was confined in a stone prison in Manchester, and kept
fourteen days without food or drink, except once in twenty-
four hours a youth named James Whittaker gave her a
little wine and milk, which he conveyed to her by pouring
it into the bowl of a pipe, the stem of which he inserted
in the key-hole of the prison-door. At the end of the
fourteen days the prison-door was opened with the hope
and expectation of finding her dead, but to their astonish-
ment she walked off as smart and strong as on the day she
was imprisoned.

She soon after received a revelation directing her to
repair to America; also, that the Second Christian Church
would be established in America; that the Colonies would
gain their independence, and that liberty of conscience
would be secured to all people, which declaration was re-
ceived with great joy by the members of her society.

Accordingly, on the 19th of May, 1774, she and eight of
her followers embarked in a vessel called the “ Maria,” and,
after a perilous passage of seventy-nine days, in which they
miraculously escaped foundering at sea and all on board
perishing, they landed safely in New York on the 6th day
of August, 1774. The next morning, while she and her
companions were walking up Pearl Street, she saw a woman
sitting in the door of her house, when Mother Ann was
impressed to step forward and say, “I am a stranger in a
strange land, and am directed by the spirit of the Lord to
come to your house to find shelter and a home.” The
woman and her whole family, whose names were Cunning-
ham, made her heartily welcome, and treated her with great
respect, care, and kindness, where she ever found a com-
fortable and quiet home, whenever she needed, until she
and her companions, in the month of September, 1776,
settled in the wilderness of Nisheuna, now Watervliet,
N.Y. Here they at once commenced to clear land, build
houses, raise crops, and lay in stores to supply the many
people who Mother Ann prophesied would soon flock to
them to hear the word of God and embrace her testimony.
With great patience they labored on until the spring of
1780, when, as Mother Ann predicted, the gathering com-
menced, and she then clearly set forth the principles upon
which the Second Christian Church was about to be estab-
lished, in which woman, so long downtrodden, would come
forward and take her proper place, co-equal with man in the
order and government. She taught that Deity was as much
female as male, hence we have a Mother in God as well as
Father; that Jesus was not one of the “ Triune Gods,”
but was a man born of woman, subject to all the infirmities
of his brethren, baptized with the Christ spirit, and made
perfect through suffering and obedience to the will of his
Father in heaven.
 

pupae the ate

 

 

eas ‘ Dis

 

SHAKER VHLAGE, Axrreo, Maine.
TOWN OF ALFRED. 267

 

That sin and the nature of sin separated souls from God,
therefore the heart must be purified by an honest confession
to God, in presence of His witnesses, of every known sin
and transgression of His laws, “ with the mouth confession
is made to salvation,” and “ whoso confesseth and forsaketh
his sins shall find mercy.” Those composing the completed
order of Christ’s Church must live pure virgin lives, forsake
the relation of father, mother, wife, and children, in the
natural order, as Jesus required. ‘ Blessed are the pure
in heart, for they shall see God.” In Christ there is no
selfishness nor private interest, but all property, time, and
talents, are consecrated to God; and if serving God is
worship, then may we worship Him in every act of our
lives. That Christ Jesus was the Prince of Peace, and
his true followers could not raise their hands in violence
against their fellow-man. If ‘‘ Peace-makers are the chil-
dren of God,” it was plain to discover the parentage of
war-makers. That these were some of the revelations she
received while in England, and the same spirit that revealed
them to her, directed her to repair to America, where God
would prepare a people who would co-operate with her in
establishing the Second Christian Church upon this “ Rock,”
—the revelation of God.

Her testimony was often keen and powerful against every
sinful indulgence, which aroused a spirit of opposition, and
-for proclaiming the truth above expressed she was destined
to meet the same cruel spirit of persecution that she suf-
fered while in England. Often were they interrupted in
their meetings by mobs and lawless bands of wicked men,
beaten and abused, and finally, with a hope of suppressing
her testimony and crushing the infant church, Mother Ann
and most of the principal leaders were arrested under various
pretexts and imprisoned in the jail in Albany; but this only
served to increase sympathy for those who were persecuted
on account of their religious belief, it being a violation of
one of the cardinal principles for which the American
people were then contending,—liberty of conscience,—
and hundreds flocked to the prison to hear and embrace her
testimony, as the truths of the gospel were boldly declared
to the eager multitude through the iron grates of the prison
windows.

At length Mother Ann was separated from the rest of
her companions and sent down the river to Poughkeepsie,
it being the intention of her persecutors to banish her to
the British army, which then lay in New York City, when
word was conveyed to Governor Clinton, of New York,
who at once ordered her release and that of all those con-
fined in jail at Albany. This was the last of their im-
prisonment, but persecution did not cease. In Harvard,
Mass., Elder James Whittaker was stripped to his waist,
tied to a tree, and beaten until from his neck to his waist
his flesh was cut and lacerated till his whole back was a
gore of blood.

ORIGIN OF SHAKERS IN MAINE.

The fame of Mother Ann and her peculiar testimony,
with a report of these cruel persecutions, reached Maine
and excited an interest to investigate her doctrine, and the
first person in this State to receive faith in her testimony
was John Cotton, of Alfred, which was on the 26th of

 

May, 1783. He was son of John Cotton, born in Port-
Jand, in what is now called Cotton Street, Feb. 16, 1760.
In July of that same year three disciples of Mother Ann,
called Shaker preachers, came to this place from the West,
namely, Ebenezer Cooley, of New Lebanon, Columbia Co.,
N. Y.; Eliphalet Comstock, of Pittsficld, Mass.; and
James Jewett, of Enfield, Grafton Co.,N. H. They held
their first mectings in the house of Benjamin Barnes,
whose farm was centrally situated in the present large planta-
tion now owned by thesociety. Meetings were held in sev-
eral places in this town, Waterborough, and Lyman, They
then extended their missionary labors to Gorham, where
they were well received, and they preached to large audi-
ences. Other missionaries came from the West during that
season, and before the expiration of one year from the time
of John Cotton’s conversion, many persons, old and young,
had embraced the Shaker faith. Among them were Ben-
jamin Barnes and all his numerous family, two of whose
sons, John and David, were married; Daniel Hodsdon,
Josiah and Aaron Whitney, Jonathan Nowell, Isaac Coffin,
Joshua and Stephen Emery, and others, all of whom had
families and resided in this town and vicinity, besides a
good many young, unmarried people; and, in Gorham,
Nathan Freeman, Sr., Joshua Harding, Robert McFarland,
Ezekiel Hatch, Joseph Whitney, Samuel Brown, and many
others, male and female. In 1788 they built their first
house for worship, which was 30 by 36 feet and one story
in height, situated near the house of Benjamin Barnes.

Persecution followed this testimony of Mother Ann
wherever it was received; but in this State it assumed a
different form. There was not so much open violence used
as in other places, except occasional interruptions of their
meetings and in threats and warnings to the believers to
abandon their faith; but there were those who gave full
vent to the abusive tongue of slander; wild and most in-
consistent stories were put in circulation of the impropri-
eties of these inoffensive but zealous Shakers, and the
famed historian of Alfred, Dr. U. Parsons, and others, were
deluded enough, innocently, we believe, to help perpet-
uate these disgraceful stories, which never had foundation,
only in the brain of the malicious persecutor.

The organization of the society was begun in March,
1793, under the leadership of Elders John Barnes, Robert
McFarland, and Eldresses Sarah Kendall and Lucy Pres-
cott. Trustees were then appointed, namely, Gowen Wilson
and Jonathan Nowell, to manage and superintend the secular
affairs.

Preparations were made the year previous for building a
larger and more convenient house of worship, which was
erected but not finished until the following year, when it
was completed and dedicated to the service of God, which
is now used and in good repair; the shingles put on the
roof at that time are on it now.

About this time all the members composing the society,
both male and female, convened for the purpose of entering
into a verbal covenant to consecrate their property, their
time, and talents to the service of God, for the support of
the Church of Christ, and for such other pious and char-
itable purposes as the gospel may require, and never to
bring debt or demand against the society, nor any member
268 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

thereof, for any property they might have brought in, nor
for any services they have or might render while considered
members of the community. Here, then, was formed the
first communistic society ever known in Maine, which was
after the pattern of the Apostolic Christian Church estab-
lished at Jerusalem. ‘Neither said any of them that
aught of the things which he possessed was his own, but
they had all things in common,” ete. (See Acts, chapter iv.,
verse 32, etc.) Lumber and other material was collected to
build a central dwelling for the community, and at the close
of the year 1795, a large and, for that time, commodious
dwelling was completed on the opposite side of the street,
fronting the church, and the 1st of January, 1796, as
many as could find accommodations moved into it.

Not far from this time three middle-aged men, brothers,
from Londonderry, N. H., united and became members of
the society, namely, James, John, and William Anderson.
James, the eldest, received a collegiate education, with a
design of entering the ministry of the Congregational order,
but was diverted from that purpose by receiving faith in the
Shaker doctrine. John was, in a great degree, a self-edu-
cated lawyer, and an uncommonly shrewd financier, and all
three were mechanics, and introduced the trade of wheel-
making, such as large woolen and linen wheels, clock reels,
wooden spectacles, and, it is said, were the first of these
kind of articles made in this State. All of the timber
used was rived out and turned by hand in a foot-lathe.
The society, to a limited extent, then entered into the man-
ufacture of other wooden wares, such as tubs, pails, churns,
brooms, dry measures in sets, whips, hair-sieves, oval boxes
in nests, and mortars. Tanning was carried on for many
years after the manner of such establishments in those days.
The sisterhood spun and wove cotton cloth for the market,
and, although laborious work, it was good-paying business
for those times. After cotton yarn was manufactured they
wove and whitened cloth for Portland merchants, receiving
20 cents per yard for weaving and whitening No. 30, and
2 cents more or less according to the number of yarn.
The raising and preparing garden-seeds for the market was
successfully carried on for many years. The fault was,
they carried on too many branches of manufacture, and the
income was very limited; a few of them might have been
successfully conducted with far more profit.

The society, from small beginnings, gradually increased,
and was able to erect. houses, work-shops, and mills, and
occasionally added to their real estate in this town, Lyman,
and Waterborough, and have successfully carried out the
principles of a communistic life, establishing beyond a doubt
the true method and principles by which a perfect Church
of Christ should be established. The succession of trustees
from the first have been men of good principle and true to
their trust, with one exception, although differing very
materially in their executive financial ability; and the tem-
poral success and progress of the society has been in like
proportion.

GOVERNMENT OF SHAKER SOCIETIES.

The ministry are the central executive, generally com-
posed of four persons, two of each sex, and in this state
preside over the society at New Gloucester as well as this,

 

dividing their time equally between the two. Here fol-
low the names, in regular succession, of the leaders in that
office:

Elder John Barnes, resigned July 1, 1815. Succeeded
by Elder Thomas Cushman, a man of strong mind and
great ability, who died Oct. 21, 1816, aged fifty-seven
years and eight months, much lamented by all the people.

Elisha Pote was his successor, and remained until age and
infirmity compelled him to resign, Oct. 25, 1841. He died
in 1845, aged eighty-one, succeeded by Joseph Brackett,
who resigned October, 1859.

Eldress Sarah Kendall, resigned June 1, 1818, succeeded
by Eldress Lucy Prescott, and the leadership has fallen in
regular succession upon Rebecca Hodsdon, Deborah Fuller,
and Lavina P. McIntire. Nov. 1, 1859, Elder Joseph
Brackett and Eldress Lavina McIntire were needed to fill
important places of trust in the society at New Gloucester,
and returned there from whence they came, and Otis Saw-
yer, Hester Ann Adams, and Mary Ann Gillespie were
appointed successors, and are still the presiding ministry
over the two societies in Maine. Elders stand next in the
order and government, composed of two of each sex, and
preside over the families in which they live, direct the
meetings, see that good order is maintained, attend to all
the domestic affairs of the family, like parents in a well-
regulated household, and settle all minor difficulties, if any
arise. To give the names of all who have worthily filled
this important place would occupy too much space. The
present faithful and talented elders of the church family
are John B. Vance, G. Henry Green, Harriet Goodwin,
Mary P. Vance, and at the second family, or Novitiate
order, Joshua H. Bussell and Eliza R. Smith.

Thus has woman’s rights been acknowledged, and all im-
portant places of care and trust are filled in the same dual
order, and here, right here in the Shaker Society in Alfred
(the same may be said of all Shaker communities), the zeal-
ous advocates of “ Woman’s Rights’ may find a realization
of their ideal, which has been practically and successfully
carried out since the year 1794.

SUCCESSION OF TRUSTEES.

Oct. 12, 1801, Gowen Wilson and Jonathan Nowell
were succeeded in the trusteeship by Thomas Cushman and
John Anderson, two most able and talented men, under
whose judicious management the society was very prosper-
ous. They were followed in regular succession by John
Wooley, Nathan Merrill, Ezekiel Hatch, Paul Nowell,
Nathan Freeman, Isaac Brackett,* Edward Goodrich,
Benjamin Bailey, Merrill Bailey, Hiram Tarbox, and the
present talented and judicious trustees are John B. Vance
and James H. Pender.

In the year 1870 the people in the two societies—Alfred
and New Gloucester—finding their mechanical industries
waning by the cheapness of the same kind of wares pro-
duced by large manufacturing establishments,—seed-growers
of the West had glutted the markets by their over-produc-
tions, and having learned by long years of experience the
impracticability of depending upon agriculture alone for the
support of a large community,—that is, in this, or most of

 

* Betrayed his trust..
 

JOHN B. VANCE,

eldest son of Shubael B. and Elizabeth Moshier Vance, and
grandson of the late Hon. William Vance, of Readfield, Me.,
who was a large land-holder in the eastern part of the State,
and was a member of the convention for forming the constitu-
tion of this State after its separation from Massachusetts.

John Bell Vance was born in Baileyville, Washington Co.,
Me., May 9, 1833, where his father was in trade and proprietor
of a hotel. He subsequently moved to Calais, Me., and was
there engaged in lumbering and mill business.

In the season of 1838, Shubael moved into the western part
of the State, and on the 14th of September of that year be-
came a convert to the Shaker faith, and joined the United
Society in Alfred, taking his son John with him, where he was
reared and educated. Ata very early age he evinced great tact
for learning, and was a close student of his books, improving

every leisure moment in study and storing his mind with useful

 

|
|

knowledge. At the age of sixteen years, he commenced teach-
ing in the district school of the Society, and has taught the
winter school more than half the terms since.

Possessing a deeply religious and spiritual nature, he imbibed
the faith and principles of the United Society of Believers, and
as he advanced in life, became an able debater and firm defender
of the faith in the second manifestation of Christ, as held
by these peculiar people, and expounder of their entire religious
belief. He is their principal public speaker, and is remarkable
for sound reasoning, and perspicuity in his sermons and exhor-
tation.

At the age of twenty years, he was appointed elder in the
Novitiate Order, and in January, 1872, at the reorganization of
the Society, he was appointed elder of the Church Family, and
also senior trustee of the Society, and for financial and execu-

tive ability is ranked among the best the Society has ever had.
TOWN OF ALFRED. 269

 

the New England States,—they began to earnestly discuss
the subject of disposing of their property in Maine and of
moving West to some milder climate in a more fertile
region. Two of the brothers were deputed to go West on
a prospecting tour, and find some desirable place where the
two societies combined might locate. Accordingly, in
April of that year, they started westward, and made their
first explorations in the Shenandoah Valley, Va. The
inhabitants greeted them kindly, and they were shown
many splendid plantations, but the oscillating armies in the
late civil strife had denuded the country of wood and timber,
the people were sad, and a cloud of gloom seemed to rest
over that once cheerful, lovely valley. They moved on
through Ohio and into Kentucky, in the not distant vicinity
of the very prosperous communities in those States, where
they found so many most desirable locations, that it was
difficult to decide which was best. On their return the
property of the community was advertised for sale, both
in this country and in England; but parties who came
with a view of purchasing found so many buildings in close
proximity, extending a little over half a mile, all on one
street, with more than 2000 acres of land spread out from
this village, nearly half of which lay some four miles dis-
tant, that no one offered to purchase, except two wealthy
men, Horace Woodman and Hdward Hastman, Esq., trom
Saco, Me., who made an offer for the two large tracts of
wood and timber-lands situated in the town of Water-
borough. After making a thorough survey, they made an
offer which the society through their trustees accepted, and
at the close of the year 1871 the bargain was ratified, and
a good clear title-deed was given the purchasers of that
large tract of land long known as the ‘“‘ Mast Camp” prop-
erty, comprising over 800 acres of land. The trade was
mutually satisfactory, the purchasers were satisfied they
had got all they bargained for, and willingly paid the price,
$28,000, and the society were perfectly satisfied with that,
no more and no less.

At the commencement of the year 1872 the society was
reorganized, placing members in more fitting positions;
where every talent could be developed and put to good use,
and the proceeds of sales of the land above described was
intrusted in the hands of one of the ablest financiers the
society ever had, in the person of Elder John B. Vance,
which was carefully and safely invested in Western lands,
with the income of which a line of building and improve-
ments have been carried on in the last eight years une-
qualled in the history of the society; and his associate,
James H. Pender, is a man of excellent judgment and good
business ability, and under their judicious management the
society was never more prosperous financially.

The plantation now consists of some over one thousand
acres of land, a portion of which, though contiguous, lies
in the towns of Lyman and Waterborough. Within the
limits there is an excellent mill-privilege, on the outlet of
the Bunganut Pond, as it flows into the Massabesic, which
is only partially utilized.

With propriety it may be added, that not only prosperous
financially, the moral and spiritual status of the society was
never more progressive and encouraging, and besides the
talented members named, G. H. Green, associate elder, is

 

a man of good education, a very active mechanic, and of
persevering habit; Elder J. H. Bussell is a pillar in the
society, and other conspicuous persons of high merit, both
among the brothers and sisters. The church is open for
public service from June first until the month of October,
during which time the house is filled with intelligent au-
diences, who manifest an increasing interest in the worship,
especially the instructive and eloquent discourses delivered
with great clearness and perspicuity by Elder John B.
Vance. Services commence at ten o'clock A.M.

The Shakers are a reading people. The society has a
library of select reading, consisting of some three hundred
volumes, which is yearly receiving additions from: the best
authors, and of papers take the following at the present
time: Hastern Argus, weekly, 1 copy; Portland Trans-
cript, 3 copies; Maine Democrat, 1 copy ; Boston Journal,
semi-weekly, 1 copy; New York Tribune, semi-weekly, 1
copy ; the Household Monthly, 3 copies ; also 50 copies of
the Shaker Manifesto, a monthly periodical, published by
the United Society.

The Shakers are a strictly religious people, believing in
practically following the example of Jesus Christ, the
Prince of Peace, whose teachings forbid all wars, and in
the late civil strife in our nation, when members of the
United Society were subject to draft to fill up the ranks of
the army, reasons were presented to President Lincoln and
the Secretary of War, why Shakers should be exempt from
bearing arms or performing military duty. Among the co-
gent reasons given, it was shown that, for conscience’ sake,
this society alone had refused to receive pensions to which
its members were legally entitled, for services rendered in
the war of the Revolution, which, if it had been put at six
per cent. compound interest, would, at that time, June,
1863, have amounted to the no mean fortune of $88,997.58
(and since that time this sam would have more than doubled
itself). Such an argument was strong evidence of the
Shakers’ peace principles, and convincing proof to the
“lovers of Mammon.”

To show that the Shaker virgin Christ-life is productive
of longevity, we turn to our records and find that there
have been 194 deaths in the Society, dating back to 1790,
and the average age of the whole number is sixty-two years
and five months; 82 exceeded seventy years, and of that
number 14 were from ninety to ninety-eight years old at
the time of their death. Where is the neighborhood or
community of the same population that can present a death-
rate like unto that ?

STANDARD WORKS.

The following standard works are published by the
United Society, called Shakers: The Testimony of Christ's
Second Appearing, pp. 650; The Manifesto, by John Dun-
lavy, pp. 486; A Summary View of the Millennial Church,
pp. 384; Tests of Divine Inspiration; Brief Exposition of
the Established Principles of the United Society ; A Short
Treatise on the Second Appearing of Christ; Plain Evi-
dences of the True Church of Christ; Compendium of the
Origin, Rules, and Regulations of the United Society ;
Shaker Theology, by the learned Bishop of the United
Society, South Union, Ky.
270 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

PROMINENT MEN.

Usher Parsons, M.D., youngest son of William and Abi-
gail Frost (Blunt) Parsons, was born in Alfred, Aug. 18,
1788. His boyhood was mostly spent in that town, where
he worked on his father’s farm, and attended the village
school. He went to Berwick Academy about a year. He
began the study of medicine with Dr. Abiel Hall, of Alfred,
in May, 1807. He attended anatomical lectures at Frye-
burg by Dr. Alexander Ramsey.

In the autumn of 1809, being disappointed in receiving
funds to attend a second course by Dr. Ramsey, in Port-
land, he walked about fifteen miles in the night nearly to
Saco, slept a few hours on some hay in a barn, and reached
Kennebunk the following noon, and Alfred in the evening.
During the moonlight walk he meditated on the past and
future course of his life. Though in his twenty-first year,
with but limited education, he resolved that he would put
forth all his energies for ten years to obtain the degrees of
A.M. and M.D., and to become a teacher of anatomy. That
resolution was the seed-purpose of his life.

He studied the ancient languages under Rev. Moses
Sweat, and at intervals taught school. In 1811 he went to
Boston, became a pupil of Dr. John Warren, and was
licensed to practice in February, 1812. He began practice
in Dover, N. H.

In July, 1812, he received a commission as surgeon's
mate in the newly-organized navy, the war with England
having begun. He was soon ordered to New York, and
volunteered for service on the Great Lakes. He spent the
next winter at Black Rock, near Buffalo; in June, 1813,
joined Capt. Oliver H Perry, and was medical officer on
his vessel, the ‘ Lawrence,” at the battle on Lake Erie,
September 10th. The senior surgeons were sick, and the
whole duties fell on him at that time. His diligence and
success won him the warm regard of Perry, and paved the
way to subsequent promotion. By a vote of Congress
he received a silver medal for his meritorious services.

In April, 1814, he was commissioned surgeon ; was after-
wards attached to the frigate “ Java,” under Perry ; and as
a surgeon of that vessel sailed. for the Mediterranean in
1816. In 1817 he returned to the United States, and at-
tended medical lectures in Boston. He took the degree of
M.D. there in 1818. In July, 1818, he sailed on the
“ Guerriere,” for St. Petersburg, thence went again to the
Mediterranean, and revisited many ports on that sea. He
also went to Florence, Rome, Genoa, Lyons, Paris, and
London, examining the institutions of all these cities, taking
copious notes in the hospitals, and making the acquaintance
of the most eminent surgeons and scientists.

He returned to Boston early in 1820, and was appointed
surgeon to the marine barracks in Charlestown. He resided
a good deal at Cambridge, while holding this appointment,
and there wrote the “ Sailor’s Physician.” He was, in
August, appointed professor of anatomy and surgery in
Dartmouth College. Thus he realized his youthful dream in
the moonlight walk, 1809, of becoming a teacher of anatomy.

In April, 1822, he began the practice of medicine, in
Providence, R. I., where he lived the remainder of his life.
In September he married Mary J. Holmes, daughter of
Rev. Dr. Holmes, of Cambridge.

 

He gradually rose to a very promivent position as phy-
sician, and especially as surgeon. He was widely known
as consulting physician in all the towns around Providence.
He performed repeatedly most of the capital operations of
surgery. He had 50 medical pupils in successive years.
From 1822 to 1827 he was professor of anatomy and surgery
in Brown University. In 1831 he was professor of obstet-
rics in Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia. In 1837
he was chosen president of the Rhode Island Medical So-
ciety for three years. He was also a frequent delegate to
the meetings of the American Medical Association, and was
chosen its first vice-president in 1853. He was honorary
member of several State medical societies.

In 1843 he revisited Europe, renewing old acquaintances,
and again observing surgical practice in the hospitals of
Paris and London.

Dr. Parsons was an industrious writer on medical sub-
jects. He received four Boylston premiums for medical
dissertations, 1827-36, and one Fiske premium, 1842. In
1831 he published a volume on the “ Art of Making Ana-
tomical Preparations.’ He also was author of several dis-
courses of a physiological or semi-medical character, on
temperance, etc.

He was a leader in the efforts to found a general hospital
in Providence, and when the Rhode Island Hospital was
organized, he gave $1000 to it, and was placed at the head
of its consulting board.

Dr. Parsons became prominently distinguished as a his-
torical student in three different connections: First. He
was a diligent genealogist, and traced the lineage, migra-
tion, and personal history of his ancestors with great suc-
cess. He published several papers on such subjects,
including memoirs of members of his family connection.
His most important work was the “Life of Sir William
Pepperell,” published in 1855, and reprinted in London,—
a valuable contribution to colonial history, based in part on
materials hitherto unpublished. Secondly. He was also
deeply interested in the remains, languages, and customs
‘of the aboriginal natives of New England. He collected
many Indian remains, studied their history, and published
a curious list of Indian names of places in Rhode Island.
He visited repeatedly the old haunts and burying-places of
the Narragansetts. Thirdly. He took a warm and active
part in a controversy in regard to the battle of Lake Erie,
and the merits of Commodores Perry and Elliott. He was
warmly attached to Perry, and convinced that the claims
of Elliott and his friends, and their endeavors to detract
from Perry’s fame, were unjust. He made this the subject
of a stated discourse before the Rhode Island Historical
Society in 1852. He also delivered discourses commem-
orative of the battle at the celebrations of its anniversary,
in 1858, at Put-in-Bay, and in 1860, at Cleveland, Ohio.

For several years he was mostly withdrawn from active
practice, and enjoyed leisure, travel, and study. His health
and memory were obviously impaired for some years before
his death, though he still took an active interest in passing
events. His last sickness was an acute disease of the brain,
of which he died, at his home in Providence, Dec. 19, 1868,
aged eighty years and four months.

He left one son, Dr. C. W. Parsons, who, having gradu-
TOWN OF ALFRED. 271

 

ated at Harvard College and Medical School, was, at the
time of his father’s decease, practicing medicine in Provi-
dence, and was lecturer on physiology in Brown University.
He is the author of a memoir of seventy-two pages, from
which this notice is compiled.

In the structure of Dr. Parsons’ mind the reflective
powers were largely predominant. These, with the co-op-
eration of a strong desire to excel, of a steadfast purpose,
and of a robust frame, strengthened by labor in early life,
were well adapted to secure for him a prominent position
in the physical sciences. The strength of local associations
was a marked trait. It prompted him to re-visit often the
localities of his youth, and to write the history of his na-
tive town. Another characteristic was his ready sympathies
and strong affections. They made him tenacious in friend-
ship. He would go out of his way to visit the humble
roof of an acquaintance in early life, and the honest smile
and cordial greeting revealed the delight which the inter-
view afforded him. When with the breadth of his re-
flective powers and love of the old he pondered over
time-honored institutions, his affections clung to them as a
living friend. In regard to his social intercourse, one has
written, “That his was a genial temperament, a kindly
heart, with much of the jovial spirit of the seas in his
hours of relaxation.”

Hon. William C. Allen commenced practice in Alfred
in May, 1822. Five years later he was appointed register
of probate, and held that office, with the exception of one
year, till January, 1841. In 1839, 1844, and 1845, he
was a representative, and in 1846 a senator, in the State
Legislature, and a fudge of probate from 1847 to 1854,
when he received an appointment in the post-office at
Washington, which he held till his death, Aug. 12, 1859.
He left two sons. Henry W.,a graduate of Darmouth Col-
lege, is a resident of New York City. The younger son,
Weld N., is a commander in the United States navy.
Judge Allen was a man of marked traits of character.
Singularly neat in dress and personal appearance, he was
polite, precise, and systematic, a faithful public officer, and
a respected citizen.

Jeremiah Bradbury, Esq., a native of Saco, came to
Alfred in 1820, having been appointed clerk of courts, for
which he had resigned his position of United States col-
lector, at York. He was clerk till 1841, with the excep-
tion of one year, in which the position was given to another,
on account of a political change in the State administration.
From Alfred he moved to Calais, where he resided till his
death, in 1848. In 1810 he married Mary Langdon
Storer. They had seven children, the oldest of whom,
Hon. Bion Bradbury, of Portland, formerly United States
collector at Eastport, and, in 1863, the nominee of the
Democratic party for Governor, is well known throughout
the State as a good lawyer, and a gentleman of acknowl-
edged ability. The kindly disposition of Mr. Bradbury, as
well as the refinement and culture of his wife and children,
made them a noted family in this place.

Jeremiah Goodwin, Esq., a native of Kittery, was a
resident of Alfred from 1811 to 1840. He was two years
a paymaster in the 33d Regiment of the United States
army ; register of deeds from 1816 to 1836 ; State treasurer

 

in 1839; and for more than twenty years postmaster of
this town. In all these positions Mr. Goodwin displayed
skill, accuracy, and integrity. He died in Great Falls,
N. H., July 31, 1857, aged seventy-three years.

Dr. Abiel Hall was born in Alfred, Sept. 6, 1787, and
at the age of twenty-two succeeded his father in the prac-
tice of medicine. During the sixty years of his profes-
sional duties Dr. Hall was always regarded as a discreet
and reliable physician. He was always an earnest advocate
of the temperance cause, and rarely prescribed alcoholic
liquors in his practice. In 1823 he was chosen a deacon
of the Orthodox Church, and for the last twenty years of
his life was one of its leading members. His labors and
his usefulness ended only with his life, Dec. 18, 1869.
His son, Dr. Edwin Hall, a graduate of Bowdoin and the
Medical School of Dartmouth, was a very promising physi-
cian in Saco, but died young.

George W. Came, Esq., was born in York, April 24,
1791. By perseverance he acquired a thorough common-
school education, and commenced life as a school-teacher at
the age of nineteen. With the exception of a few years
spent in mercantile business, this was his principal occupa-
tion, till he settled in Alfred in 1830. He was twice a
member of the Legislature, and many years chairman of
the Board of Selectmen. Mr. Came was a successful busi-
ness man, and an influential citizen. He died Aug. 11,
1865. He left two sons. George L. succeeds him on the
home estate; the younger, Samuel M., a graduate of Bow-
doin in 1860, having read law in the office of Hon. Ira T.
Drew, and completed his preparatory studies at the Har-
vard Law School, opened an office at Alfred, where he is
now in practice.

Maj. Benjamin J. Herrick, son of Joshua Herrick, of
Beverly, was born April 8,1791. In 1816 he came to
Alfred to engage in mercantile business. Was a deputy
sheriff soon after, jailer from 1824 to 1830, representative
in 1830, sheriff from 1831 to 1836, and register of deeds
from 1836 to 1847. He was also town clerk and select-
man, and a brigade major in the State militia. He always
took an active part in religious and educational matters,
having been for many years the leading member of the
Methodist Episcopal Church in this place, and one of the
trustees of the Maine Wesleyan Seminary. During his
long official career Mr. Herrick made many friends through-
out the county. He died May 24,1870. His son, Horatio
G., a graduate of Bowdoin, 1844, practiced law several
years at North Berwick. He now resides in Lawrence,
Mass. In 1863 he was a United States provost-marshal,
and is now sheriff of Essex County, and a commissioner of
jails.

Hon. Joshua Herrick, brother of the above, was born
at Beverly, Mass., March 18,1793. He came to Maine
1811; was agent several years at Brunswick in the first
cotton-mill in the State. In 1814 was a few months in
the military service under Gen. D. McCabe, and stationed
on the lower Kennebeck ; afterwards a number of years
deputy sheriff of Cumberland County. In 1829 he re-
moved to Kennebunkport, and was appointed by Gen.
Jackson collector of customs, which position he retained
until 1841. In 1842 he was chairman of Board of County
272

HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

Commissioners, but resigned in 1843, and was elected rep-
resentative to the Twenty-eighth Congress from York dis-
trict, serving on committee on naval affairs and accounts ;
was collector of customs again from 1847 to 1849, and from
1849 to 1855 register of probate for the county. During
his residence in Kennebunkport he was for many years
chairman of the Board of Selectmen. He is now a resident
of this town. :

— ‘The town of Alfred owes much of its growth and pros-

Ps

perity to Mr. Holmes.* No citizen contributed so much
in time and expense to transfer the courts there, or to
establish the academy. He was always ready to aid in
educational, religious, and other enterprises that could
benefit the public, and he presented a bell to the Congre-

“ gational Church. Besides his political papers, he left but

few memorials of his literary labor. A legal work called
“The Statesman” is about the only important relic of his
pen.

He was of a genial and jovial disposition, fond of in-
dulging in anecdote and repartee, and could parry and
thrust with all who might choose to measure swords with
him in sarcastic raillery. His mirthfulness was great, but
apt to run in turbid streams when his aim was to create
laughter. As a lawyer he probably had few equals in the
country, and no superior. He early made a profession of
religion, and in his last hours derived from it consolation
and support.

His career is suggestive of truth to the minds of the
rising generation. It shows what young men may accom-
plish in attaining to high and honorable distinction by per-
severing industry, guided by sound Christian principles.
It also shows the impolicy of indulging a thirst for political
life, which rarely remunerates. Had he bestowed more
time on the study and practice of his profession, he might
have attained to the first rank in New England as an emi-
nent lawyer.

Israel Chadbourne was born in North Berwick, Nov. 1,
1788, and moved to Alfred in 1831. He was jailer from
1831-37, and sheriff from 1837-54, with the exception of
two years. It was while in this office that he became so
well and favorably known throughout the county. In
October, 1864, he was elected president of the Alfred
Bank, and continued to discharge the perplexing duties of
that position with ability till his death, June 5, 1865.
Mr. Chadbourne was for many years one of the trusted
leaders of the Democratic party in this county. His sons,
Benjamin F. and William G., are prosperous business men
in Portland.

Nathan Kendall for many years was one of the deacons
of the Congregational Church. He was for a long time in
trade, and is remembered asa good.citizen. His sons, Otis,
at Biddeford, and Augustus,.at Portland, are both active
business men.

The sons of Col. David Lewis— William, a physician in
Shapleigh, Daniel, a merchant in Boston, and John, a
farmer and dealer in timber lands—were each judicious, up-
right, and prosperous men.

Hon. N.S. Littlefield was a prominent lawyer of Bridgton.

 

* For sketch of Hon. John Holmes, see Bench and Bar,

 

He was a member of the State Senate, and of the Legisla-
lature, and in 1841 was elected a representative to Congress.
His brother, Elijah Littlefield, of Alfred, was a promising
and successful business man, but died early.

Among the many other successful men who have been
residents of Alfred may be mentioned David Hall and
Alvah Conant, who left Alfred together, and were mer-
chants of long standing in Portland. Both retired from
business several years ago. Mr. Hall died April 14, 1863.

Henry Farnum, an enterprising business man in Boston.

Dr. Usher P. Leighton, now a resident of Ohio.

William, son of the late John Parsons, a furniture dealer
in New York.

Benjamin Emerson, Esq., son of Joseph Emerson, gradu-
ated at Harvard, practiced law for several years at Gilman-
ton, and is now residing at Pittsfield, N. H. His brother,
Capt. Joseph Emerson, was a quiet but energetic and
esteemed citizen. He served as captain in the militia, and
many years as one of the selectmen. He died Sept. 9,
1871, aged eighty-six.

William Parsons served about the same time as Capt.
Emerson in the militia as adjutant, and was one of the
selectmen several years. He was a retiring, obliging, and
reliable man. He lived in Kennebunk the latter part of
his life, where he died in 1864, aged eighty-four years. He
left several children. John, a graduate of Brown University
and Andover Seminary, is now settled in the ministry in
Lebanon, in this county; Edwin, having engaged in mer-
cantile business in Savannah, and then in New York, has
been steadily advancing by wisely-laid plans and energy
till he has become a millionaire. Having been married
February, 1872, in Washington, D. C., to the only daughter
of Mr. Justice Swayne, of the Supreme Court, he has gone
to Europe. He formerly resided here. George and Charles
have been successful merchants in Savannah and New York.

Among those now living in Alfred may be mentioned
Hon. Nathan Dane, for more than forty years a resident of
this town; has been a senator from this county. In 1860
he was elected State treasurer, when the embarrassed con-
dition of the State finances absolutely demanded an officer
of undoubted integrity and ability. He was annually re-
elected so long as the constitution permits,—five years.

Ira T. Drew, having received a good common-school
education, read law in his native town—Newfield—with
Hon. Nathan Clifford and at Alfred with the late Judge
Goodenow. He was admitted to the bar in 1841, and first
opened an office at Carll’s Corner, in Waterborough, where,
contrary to the experience of most young attorneys, he
very soon had numerous clients and an extensive practice.
In 1847 he was a member of the State Senate, and the
next seven years county attorney for York County. In
1854 he removed to Alfred, and four years after was the
nominee of the Democratic party for representative to Con-
gress. From 1855 to 1871, Mr. Drew devoted his time
almost exclusively to his profession, and during that time
the name of no other attorney appears more frequently on
the dockets of the Supreme Court for this county than his,
especially in contested cases, a large percentage of the ver-
dicts being in his favor. In 1871 he opened an office in
Boston, and since that time, although a resident of this
TOWN OF ALFRED. 273

 

county and engaged in many important cases here, his
principal professional engagements have been at the Suffolk
bar.

William G. Conant, for more than forty years engaged in
mercantile business at Alfred, retired from trade several
years since, but still continues one of the most active and
influential citizens of the town.

Caleb B. Lord, a native of Parsonsfield, commenced
practice in Limerick, but soon moved to Alfred to enter
upon the duties of clerk of courts, to which office he was
elected in the fall of 1858, and re-elected in 1861 and 1864.

In 1871 he represented Alfred and Kennebunk in the State -
“Legislature, and was United States assessor for the First |

District of Maine from 1871 till the office was abolished in
1873. A cautious and reliable counselor, a precise and
careful official, his public and professional duties have been
honorably discharged to the general satisfaction of his clients
and constituents.
sumed the active practice of his profession.

Amos L, Allen was born in Waterborough, Me., March
17, 1837. He left home at the age of fourteen, and, having
completed his preparatory studies at Whitestown, N. Y.,
entered the sophomore class in Bowdoin College in 1857,
and graduated with honor in 1860. From the time of
‘graduating till he was admitted to the bar, in May, 1866,
Mr. Allen taught school, read law with Messrs. Appleton
& Goodenow, attended the Columbia Law School at Wash-
ington, and was a clerk in the United States Treasury De-
partment, and was thus enabled to save enough above current

expenses to pay the small indebtedness incurred while in —

‘college, having been obliged to pay the entire expenses of
his education from his own earnings.

cepted his old position in the Treasury Department. In
April, 1869, he resigned this to accept the appointment of
messenger in the United States House of Representatives,

which position he held till his election as clerk of courts for |

this county in the fall of 1870. He has continued the suc-
cessful discharge of the duties of that responsible office to
the present time, having been re-elected in 1873, 1876, and
1879.

Moses A. Drew, having completed his preparatory studies
with his father, Hon. Ira T. Drew, was admitted to the bar
in 1869, and has since been in practice in Alfred.

Joseph M. Hawks, a graduate of the Northwestern Uni-
versity (Illinois) and the Boston University Law School,
was admitted to practice in the courts of this State in 187-,
and is now a resident of Alfred, but has not yet opened an
office.

Richard H. Goding held various town offices in his native
town,—Acton, Me.,—but devoted his time principally to
farming, till his election as sheriff of York County in 1864.
He served as sheriff six years, having received two re-
elections, and during the last two years occupied the county-
house in Alfred. In 1871 he served as chairman of the
selectmen of Alfred, and in 1872 was representative to the
Legislature. The same year he opened the Alfred House
as a public hotel. In 1877 he was appointed county treas-
urer to fill a vacancy caused by the resignation of EH. H.

35

Since leaving Limerick he has not re-

In 1867 he was the .
Republican candidate for clerk of courts for York County, —
but suffered a defeat, and soon after was offered and ac- |

 

Banks, and elected to the same office in September, 1877,
and 1878. He died Aug. 20,1879. In all his official
positions Mr. Goding was successful in gaining the respect
of those most intimately associated with him, while as a
private citizen his good practical common sense and kindly
disposition won for him many firm friends, and caused his
death to be deeply regretted throughout the county.

Benj. C. Jordan first did business in this county at Bar
Mills, in Buxton, in 1864, confining it exclusively to the
manufacture of oak lumber. Mr. Jordan was the first
lumber dealer in the State who kept oak lumber in stock
ready to fill orders immediately, having manufactured as
high as 3000 tons in a single year. In 1878 he moved
from Buxton to Alfred, having leased the Shaker mill for
a term of years; since that time the principal part of his
manufacturing business has been done at this mill. He
has recently begun the experiment of raising forest-trees by
planting acorns, pine-cones, and the seeds of other valuable
species, and by setting out large numbers of the young trees.

Dr. Frank B. Merrill, a native of Buxton, graduated at
Bowdoin in 1847, and the Medical School of Harvard in

1849. Soon after he moved to Alfred, and rapidly rose in
his profession. He now has an extended and lucrative
practice,

Amos L. Allen, clerk of the courts, graduated at Bow-
doin College in 1860; was admitted to the bar of York
County in 1864. He has been nine years clerk of the
courts, and recently re-elected for another term.

CHURCHES.

CONGREGATIONALISTS.

This town, as before stated, was originally a part of San-
ford, which was settled in 1764 and 1765, and not long
after there were religious gatherings in Waterborough and
Lyman, at Mast Camp, near Bunganut Pond. The first
settlers had enjoyed religious privileges elsewhere and de-
sired to establish them here, and were in the habit of meet-
ing together for social worship. About 1780 a church was
formed, consisting of from 12 to 20 members, under the
charge of Rev. Mr. Little, of Kennebunk, and Merriam, of
North Berwick, who administered the ordinances of baptism
and the sacrament. In 1782 this society was formed into
what was called the North Parish of Sanford, where itin-
erant preachers officiated occasionally. In 1786, Rev. Moses
Sweat settled in Sanford, and frequently preached in the
North Parish, or Massabesic, as it was then called. The
ministrations of Mr. Little and Mr. Merriam wrought
some conversions, but their zeal soon engendered extrava-
gances, and some became strangely affected and disorderly,
which gave them the name of Merry Dancers; most of
them seceded, and joined those on Shaker Hill. In 1787
the North Parish attempted to settle a minister, and invited
several preachers as candidates, among whom were Rev.
David Porter, Isaac Babbit, and Mr. White, all of whom
declined. Feb. 7, 1791, Rev. John Turner was called and
accepted, and was ordained the following September, and
remained with them twelve years, and then moved to Bid-
deford. Soon after Rev. Jabez Pond Fisher preached a few
Sabbaths, and was invited to settle, but he declined. In
1804, Rev. Joseph Brown was settled and remained four
274 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

years, when he resigned, and the society employed for a
few Sabbaths Rev. Tilly Howe; and subsequently Rev.
Mr. Coe, of Durham, and others, preached occasionally.
In 1816 the parish was reorganized, and Rev. Nathan
Douglass was settled and remained some ten or a dozen
years, and in the early part of his ministry was very suc-
cessful in reviving the church. He was followed, in 1828,
by Revs. D. D. Tappan; in 1833, A. W. Fisk; in 1846,
J. Orr. The first deacons in the Congregational Churches
were Moses Stevens, Stephen Giles, Ebenezer Hall, Joseph
Garey, John Wormwood, and Samuel White.

THE FIRST BAPTIST CHURCH.

The Baptists in Alfred formed a society, and held their
meetings in dwellings and barns, under the ministrations of
Elder Henry Smith and Jonathan Powers. They were un-
educated men, but possessed good natural abilities. An
unsuccessful attempt was made, in 1810, to build a church
on the hill between John and Samuel Friends’. Afterwards,
iu 1818, a church was built on Back Road, near Mr. Bick-
ford’s. Until the year 1822 or 1823 they were considered
a branch of the Waterborough Church. At this time 30
members organized a church on Back Road. They kept
up their organization more than thirty years under the
ministrations of Revs. N. G. Morton, N. G. Littlefield, and
others. In 1855 they joined the Baptist organization in
the south part of Sanford, and built the meeting-house at
Conant’s, now Littlefield’s, Mills. Their first preacher was
Rev. A. Dunbar, who has been succeeded by Revs. J. N.
Thompson, A. W. Boardman, 8. Powers, C. D. Sweat, and
others.

METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH.

Rev. Green G. Moore, of Buxton and Limington Circuit,
lectured in the Congregational meeting-house in Alfred, May
1, 1829, and during the following week in the Calvin Bap-
tist house on Back Street, one mile from the centre of the
village. This was the beginning of Methodism in Alfred.
In the following fall he held meetings once in two weeks
in a hall near the Corner. By perseverance a little class
was soon formed. The first permanent meeting was estab-
lished in May, 1830, by Rev. John Lord, who held a pro-
tracted meeting in the court-house. The next month Alfred
was connected with Shapleigh; Revs. Daniel Fuller and
Almon P. Hillman supplied the places alternately. In
1831, Alfred was separated from Shapleigh, and Rev.
Ezra Kellogg was appointed to Alfred. During his ser-
vice arrangements were made to commence the building of
the church edifice, which cost about $2000, and was dedi-
cated Dec. 10, 1834. The vestry was finished in the fall
of 1838, at a cost of $1600, and the basement remodeled
lately. Rev. J. W. Atkins succeeded Mr. Kellogg. From
his time to the present consecutive appointments in number
have been made and regular preaching maintained.

THE SECOND BAPTIST CHURCH.

Twelve members were dismissed from the Waterborough
Church, Aug. 29, 1844, and organized into a Second Bap-
tist Church, at the Gore. Meetings were held at the school-
house until the building of the meeting-house, at a cost of
$700, in 1847. Rev. Z. Morton, their first minister, has

 

been succeeded by Revs. N. G. Littlefield, R. Chase, F. K.
Roberts, C. Case, and 8. B. Macomber. A chapel was pre-
sented to the society in 1871 by Wm. G. Conant.

BURIAL-GROUNDS.

There was no common place of interment appropriated
in Alfred until after the first Congregational church was
built, in 1784. The first person interred was Maj. Morgan
Lewis. This ground being mostly occupied, another has
recently been appropriated. The old ground, as well as the
site of the contiguous church, was a gift from Nathaniel
Conant, Sr.

The first church was two-story and faced the west, and
had a large porch at each end. In 1834 the present house
was erected in the place of the first one, and an organ,
raised by subscription, was placed in it in 1854.

COURTS.

Alfred became a half shire-town in 1802, a full shire-
town by gaining the courts from York in 1832, and the
principal shire-town by the removal of the January term to
Saco in 1860.

COURT-HOUSE.

At the court of general session held at York, April 17,
1806, Wm. Parsons, John Holmes, and others, were ap-
pointed a committee to form a plan of the court-house and
select a proper site. At the next September term they
reported “that the spot on the southwest side of the
road leading from Alfred meeting-house to Kennebunk,
nearly opposite to Capt. Webber's, on a knoll partly on the
land of Abiel Hall and partly on the land of William Par-
sons, is the most suitable; that the building should be 50 by
40 feet, two stories high, and that the cost would be $3000.”
It was ordered that the building of the house should not be
commenced until sufficient security is given by the district
of Alfred, or subscribers, to defray the expenses of the frame
and of erecting the same on the spot. In the summer of
1807 the court-house was built ; cost, $3499.69.

FIRE-PROOF.

The fire-proof was built in the fall of 1819, on the north-
east corner of the court-house yard; cost, $3056. The
present fire-proof wings on each side of the court-house were
finished in the fall of 1854; cost, $29,171.50. In the
summer of 1854 the “ dome light” was placed on the court-
house, over the court-room ; cost, $998.50.

THE JAIL.

In 1803 John Holmes was appointed an agent to pro-
cure a good title of a lot for a jail. Oct. 3, 1803, Thomas
Hutchinson and others of the parish of Hevitoe, in the
county of Devon, England, deeded, through their agent, to
the county of York, a tract of land containing two acres,
in Alfred village, for a jail. In 1806 the log jail was
completed ; cost, about $3000.

In October, 1833, a committee of eight from different
parts of the county reported that a new stone jail was
needed. Estimated cost, $6000. It was built in 1834,
costing $7737.12. The lot for the new jail and house of
correction was purchased, and the foundation of the build-
ing laid at a cost of $6000. The Legislature subsequently
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TOWN OF ALFRED.

275

 

authorized the expenditure of $30,000, and the building
was completed in 1873.

TOWN-HOUSE.

The town-house was erected in 1854, and accidentally
took fire in 1861, and, with some adjoining buildings, was
consumed. It was rebuilt: in 1862.

OCCURRENCES WORTHY OF NOTICE.

Persons drowned in Alfred: Andrew Noble, half a mile
below Shaker Bridge, at the foot of the pond; Eliphalet
Griffin, a blacksmith, in Shaker Pond; Bradford, son of
Daniel Holmes, in Shaker Pond; John Leighton, grandson
of Gen. Samuel Leighton, in apond near Lyman Littlefield’s
mill.

A woman captive from Wells, on her way to Canada, be-
came exhausted and was tomahawked by the savages near
where the Saco road crosses the river below the bridge, near
Mr. Cam’s.

The smallpox prevailed about 1780. It was caught by
aman named Gerrish, who took it from a pair of shoes he
had bought of a peddler. Dr. Hall, then recently settled,
and others, went into a hospital, at Harmon’s, north of the
Shakers, and were inoculated. Dr. Frost, of Kennebunk,
took charge of the patients.

In 1817 an elephant was shot by a mischievous wretch
from another town, as it was leaving the village near the
Round Pond. The culprit was tried for the deed, but
escaped due punishment.

A weekly paper, called the Biches Star, was started in
Alfred, to support Mr. Crawford for the presidency of the
United States, chiefly under the auspices of Mr. Holmes.
Adams was elected, and the paper died out.

MASONIC.*

On the 10th of January, 1828, the Grand Lodge of
Free and Accepted Masons of Maine granted a charter for
a subordinate lodge to the following petitioners: John
Gowen, William H. Pillsbury, Elisha Bodwell, Edward B.
Remick, Jeremiah Goodwin, John Trafton, Charles Blanch-
ard, John T. Paine, John Nutter, Benjamin J. Herrick,
and Roswell Putnam, empowering these brethren to, con-
vene at Shapleigh, Me., and exercise there all the rights
and enjoy the privileges of the ancient craft. The name
assumed by the petitioners and conferred by their charter
was that of Fraternal Lodge, No. 55.

Ata meeting of the lodge holden Feb. 9, 1828, the fol-
lowing officers were elected: John T. Paine, W. M.; Elisha
Bodwell, 8. W. ; Charles Blanchard, J. W.; John Trafton,
Treas. ; William H. Pillsbury, See. ; “John Gowen, 8. D.;
Edward B. Remick, J. D.

The charter was signed a Samuel Fessenden, W. G. M. ;
Robert P. Dunlap, 8. G. W.; Amos Nourse, J. G.W.;
William Lord, G. S.

On the 10th of March, 1852, a eee was granted
by the Grand Lodge of Maine for the removal of Fraternal
Lodge to Alfred from Shapleigh, upon a petition therefor
made by Benjamin J. Herrick, Hiram N. Tripp, Edward
Chase, Joshua Herrick, Albert Locke, Abial Farnham, and

 

* Furnished by A. L. Ricker, Esq.

 

{

Trafton, Sec. ;

Samuel Trafton. The dispensation was signed by John C.
, Humphreys, W. G. M., and Charles B. Smith, G. S.

‘The following is a list of officers first elected after the
lodge was removed to Alfred: Joshua Herrick, W. M.;
Edward Chase, 8S. W.; Hiram N. Tripp, J. W.; William
. Albert Tales Treas. ; Benjamin i Herrick,

'§. D.; Abial ‘Farnham, J.D.; Baru Trafton, Tyler.

Front this time until 1869 the lodge seompied a hall in
the old academy building. June 9, 1869, the new Masonic

 hall—for which arrangements were made the preceding

year, occupying the third story in a new store built by

Frank H. Littlefield—was dedicated to its Masonic uses.
The Grand Lodge, under the auspices of which the cere-

"monies were performed, was represented upon this occasion
_ by Warren Phillips as G. M., A. W. Mendum as D. D. G. M.,
_ i. A. Burbank as 8. G. W., and George H. Knowlton as
-J.G.W.

Bradford Commandery, of Biddeford, furnished an escort
of Sir Knights for the occasion, and an oration was deliv-
ered by Rev. Sylvanus Hayward, of South Berwick.

The following is a list of Past Masters: John T. Paine,
Joshua Herrick, Wm. H. Miller, Jefferson Moulton, Moses
W. Emery, Hiram N. Tripp, Thomas Rogers, Thomas Hol-
land, John 8. Derby, Alonzo Leavitt.

The lodge is in a very flourishing condition, with a mem-
bership of about 100, with the following officers: Marcus
W. Towne, W. M.; Asa L. Ricker, 8. D.; Otis R. Whicher,
J. D.; Silas Derby, Treas.; William Emery, Sec.; Luke
H. Roberts, S. D.; George W. Roberts, J. D.; Washington
C. Taylor, S.S.; James H. Littlefield, J.S.; Hannibal M.
Sawtelle, Chaplain; Willis J. Linscott, Tyler.

 

BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES.

MOSES A. SAFFORD

was born in Kittery, Me., Sept. 28, 1833. Acquired his
education at the public schools, by private instruction, and
at a seminary,—a larger portion of four years being spent
at sea.

Commenced reading law in 1857. Was admitted to the
bar in 1861.

Was in the United States. naval service, on the ship
“ Constellation,” from November, 1861, to February, 1865,
since which time he has practiced law in Kittery, a portion
of the time in connection with official duties at the United
States naval station at that place. een .

Is now register of. probate. and insolvency ae York |
County, having served since Jan. 1, 1877.

 

WILSON HAMMONS

was born in the town of Lovell, Oxford Co., Me., Aug. 27,
1843, the second child of David and Martha (O'Brien)
Hammons. His father and mother were natives of York
County, the father of Parsonsfield, the mother of Cornish.
Their children were Weston, Wilson, and Everett.

Weston and Everett are attorneys-at-law, the former
276 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

living at Anoka, Minn., the latter at Clinton, Kennebunk
Co., Me. His father is a lawyer by profession, and is also
engaged extensively in the manufacture of lumber. His
residence is at Bethel, Oxford Co., Me.

Wilson Hammons received his education at Bridgton
and Gould’s Bethel Academies, Westbrook Seminary, and
Waterville College.

In 1861, went to California and remained there, and at
Virginia City, Nev., three years, engaged in mining, and as
local editor of a daily paper there.

Returning, in 1865, to Maine, took a course of study at
the Edward Little Commercial College at Auburn. In the
fall of 1866 commenced teaching at Phillips, Franklin
Co. Taught three terms. Has been twice married. By
his first wife had four children, viz., Willie P., Bessie M.,
Freddie D., and Charles. 2

In 1869 was employed as detective, in Chicago, under
Allen Pinkerton, and afterwards as assistant superintendent
of Pinkerton’s Detective Agency in New York City. For
the next four years was engaged in merchandising at An-
oka, Minn. Came to Alfred in the fall of 1873, and en-
gaged in the manufacture of oak lumber. In 1876, in
addition to this business, has carried on a general store.

Mr. Hammons is a member of the Methodist Episcopal
Church of Alfred. He is also a member of the Masonic,
Odd-Fellows, and Good Templars societies.

ASA LOW RICKER

was born in Waterborough, Me., April 13, 1841, the fourth
son of Thomas and Sarah Ann (Low) Ricker. His father
was born in Berwick, Feb. 9, 1801, and is now living in
Shapleigh, aged seventy-eight years. Gideon Ricker, father
of Thomas, was born in Berwick in 1773, and married Mary
Buzzell, about 1795. Noah Ricker, father of Gideon, was
born in Dover, N. H., in 1726, and married Margaret,
daughter of Simon Emery, of Kittery. He died in Ber-

. wick, Dec. 17, 1811.
_ uary, 1822, aged ninety-three years. Joseph Ricker, father
of Noah, lived in Somersworth, N. H. He married, first,

 

His wife died in Waterborough, Jan-

Elizabeth, daughter of Jabez and Dorcas Garland, Nov. 16,
1720, with whom he was admitted to the Dover First
Church, March 22, 1730. He married his second wife,
Mary May, in Berwick, Dec. 17, 1761. Joseph was the
second son of Maturin Ricker, who came from England to
Dover, N. H., and was taxed there in 1672. He was killed,
with his brother George, by the Indians, June 4, 1706.
He left four children,—Maturin, Joseph, Noah, who was
captured by the Indians when his father was killed; he was
carried to Canada, was educated, became a Catholic priest,
and remained there,—and Sarah, who became the second
wife of John Wingate. The mother of Asa L. Ricker was

- Sarah Ann, daughter of Jeremiah and Abigail (Ham) Low,

was born in Shapleigh, Me., Aug. 21, 1802, and died in

. Waterborough, Aug. 25, 1863.

Asa L. Ricker was brought up on his father’s farm

‘in Waterborough ; received a common-school education ;

taught school in Shapleigh in the winter of 1860, and in
Waterborough in the winter of 1861; enlisted as a private
in Co. C, 32d Regiment of Massachusetts Volunteers, Nov.

. 2,1861, and was discharged from the United States service

March 24, 1863 ; taught school in Sanford in the winter of
1864; was married to Augusta K., daughter of Richard
Shakley, of Sanford, May 19, 1864. His wife was born

_in Acton, Me., Dec. 18, 1844. They have two children,
' Elma A., born in Waterborough, July 27, 1866, and Annie
' A., born in Alfred, April 28,1874. Mr. Ricker was se-
‘ lectman of Waterborough in 1869 and 1870, was elected
"register of deeds of York County, in 1872, and again in
* 1877. Religious preferences, a Baptist, and in politics a
: Republican.
: Accepted Masons, of Murray Chapter of Royal Arch Ma-
' sons, of Maine Council of Royal and Select Masters, and

Is a member of Fraternal Lodge of Free and

of Bradford Commandery of Knights Templar.

 

KITTHEHRY.

 

GENERAL DESCRIPTION.

Tr town of Kittery comprises about fifteen square miles
of territory, at the extreme southern point of York County.
It was one of the earliest points of white settlement in the
county, and was incorporated the first town of the province
of Maine in 1647. At that time its boundaries extended
to the southern corner of Lebanon, and included the towns
of Berwick, North Berwick, most of South Berwick, and
Eliot, which were unsettled, except at Quamphegan Falls,
in South Berwick, and by some fishermen at Eliot.

The Berwicks, which were constituted a perpetual com-
mon in 1652, were taken off in 1713. The northern half
of the remaining town, which was identified with it in the

 

history of the later Indian wars and the Revolutionary

struggles, became a separate town under the name of Eliot
in 1810.

The present town of Kittery is bounded on the northwest

by Eliot, on the northeast by York, on the east by the At-
_ lantie Ocean, on the south by Portsmouth Harbor, and on
_ the southwest by the Piscataqua River.

Spruce Creek forms a large bay or harbor, extending from
its narrow entrance at Kittery Point, two and a half miles.
to the northward, with an average width of half a mile, and
an irregular broken shore. Its coast is broken and lined
with islands, among which the principal are Gerrish and

- Cutts, on the Atlantic coast, severed from the mainland by
TOWN OF KITTERY. 277

 

a narrow stream, Seavey’s, Fernald, now the United States
Navy-Yard, Badgers, Jamaica, and, nine miles off Kittery
Point, to the southward, the Isles of Shoals.

The surface is broken and rocky in the south, rising to
the northward in rolling farm-lands, mainly occupied by
workmen employed about the navy- and ship-yards. The
soil is a productive clay and granite deposit, abounding in
marine matter in the lower portions, and producing abun-
dant crops of black and tame grasses, corn, potatoes, and
vegetables.

EARLY SETTLERS.

The first settlers came to this town for traffic, and not to
make for themselves homes. One of the first and most
lucrative employments offered was that of fishing. And
as this required but a small capital, it was admirably adapted
to the circumstances of many of the first settlers, who were
men of small means. The foundations of some of the largest
fortunes of the State were laid by humble beginnings in this
business. To those who had no taste or talent for this branch
of business, lumber offered peculiar inducements. The banks
of the Piscataqua, with its tributaries, were covered with a
dense growth of oak and pine timber, excellent for ship-
building, and easily rafted to the mouth of the river, whence
it could be shipped to England or the West Indies; while
to the more adventurous the boundless forests opencd their
leafy aisles abundantly filled: with game, the skins and furs
of which were valuable articles of export.

The locality began to be familiarly known to history at
the time of the settlements at Agamenticus and Piscataqua,
now Portsmouth, early in 1623. Capt. Champernoon, in
connection with a cousin of Sir Ferdinando Gorges, had
charge of the settlement. Twelve thousand acres, included
in the Agamenticus patent, were on the south of York, or
Agamenticus, River. The southern part of Kittery was first
called Campernoon’s.* The most convenient and available
points were soon occupied by industrious fishermen, to the
head of tide at Quamphegan Falls, at Spruce Creek, on Stur-
geon Back (Eliot), and at Kittery Point, previous to the
arrival of Walter Neal in 1630. These settlements were
then known collectively as the plantation of Piscataqua, and
had been made for six years.t

Mr. Neal, who was agent for both Gorges and Mason, sold
all the lands in Kittery between the date of his arrival and
his departure in 1633. The “ townsmen,” or committee
ou prudential affairs, were afterwards authorized to grant
lands, and from them nearly all the early settlers derived
their titles.

Among the early settlers were three brothers from Wales,
John, Robert, and Richard Cutts. John settled at the
Strawberry Bank (Portsmouth), and acquired wealth in
mercantile pursuits. Richard at first carried on the fish-
cries at the Shoals, and then removed to Portsmouth.
Robert, after a short residence at Barbadoes, located on
Great Island, but afterwards removed to this town and car-
ried on ship-building.t

* Belk. N. H., pp. 48, 50; 3 Col. Mass. Hist. Soc., p. 7.

+ Williamson, i. 244.

f{ At the siege of Louisbourg, 1745, an officer from this section, by
the name of Cutts, met a kinsman from the mother-country who spelt
his name with an e as final letter, after which the same mode of spell-
ing was adopted by part of the family in this country.

- cut his cables.

 

Capt. Francis Champernoon settled in Kittery, and two
of his daughters married into the Cutts family. A third
married Humphrey Eliot, whose son, Champernoon Eliot,
was the principal heir of Capt. Champernoon.

Capt. Thomas Cammock obtained a grant in 1633 ex-
tending half-way to York River. This he sold to James
Trueworthy in 1636.

Mr. Godfrey had charge of a trading-post in Kittery in
1632. In 1633, Capt. Thomas Warnerton succeeded him.
His land was south of Capt. Cammock’s, joining. He was
the friend of whom Jocelyn said that, upon the occasion
of his return to England in 1639, he “came off to the
vessel and drank his health in a pint of rum ata draught.”

Supplies of live-stock, farming and domestic utensils,
clothing, and building materials were sent from England,
and corn for bread was raised elsewhere, and, after being
ground in mills upon the Charles River, now Boston,
Mass., was brought in slow sailing-vessels.

The trade along the coast began to manifest a spirit of
exclusiveness soon after permanent settlement began. In
May, 1634, Mr. Hoskins, sailing from Piscataqua to Cush-
enock, a later settlement to the eastward, was forbidden to
trade with the natives and ordered to depart. The magis-
trate, finding him determined to remain, sent three men to
They parted one, when Mr. Hoskins with
an oath exclaimed, “Touch the other and death is your
portion!” At the same time he seized a gun. They pro-

- ceeded to cut the cable, when he shot one of them dead, at

the same time receiving a fatal wound himself. Beaver-
skins were the chief articles for which trade was conducted
with the natives at this time, their production filling a
demand now supplied by the various modern manufactures.

It is stated by Williamson that in 1630 there were
200 souls, all told, in the Piscataqua settlements: but he
makes six to a family his base of estimates, which would
hardly be expected to be the case in a new country, where only
those with grown families or very young are accustomed
to settle. An ordinary basis in settled communities is four

_ and one-half to a family. This would give but 149, which

is a much more reasonable estimate. Forty-one persons
signed the compact in 1640 in this plantation, and there

| were some others also then living on the Isles of Shoals.

Among the other settlers were John Andrews, Philip

_ Babb, Mary Baylie, John Bursley, Humphrey Chadbourne,

William Chadbourne, Nicholas Frost, Charles Frost, Wil-
liam Everett, Nicholas Shapleigh, Thomas Withers, Capt.
F. Champernoon, Edwin Small, John Heard, John Edge-
comb, John Pickes, John Fernald, and Peter Wyer.
Among those recorded as receiving grants of land for
“home-lots” within the ancient town from the select- or
townsmen, previous to 1650, are recorded the names of
Thomas and Richard Spencer, Goodman Green, Richard
King, William Chadbourne, John White, Henry Pouning,
John Andrews, aud Thomas Witley. Previous to 1652
were Brazil Parker, Moses Lysonce, John Someoll, John
Lambert, James Emerson, Hugh Gunnison, on Goose
Creek; Dennis Downing, near Downing’s Point; John
Emeroll, Thomas Crockett, John Simons, George Rogers,
Daniel Paul; William Palmer, at Great Cove. Between
then and 1659, John Lambert, Nicholas Hodgdon, Andrew
278 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

Maxwell, William Ellingham, William Low, Joseph All-
cock, Thomas Lane, Tristram Hardison, Richard Tozer,
“joining William Piles, above Salmon Falls;” Timothy
Prout, Thomas Etherton, Reynold Jenkins, Robert Men-
dams. In 1662, Peter Grant, and in 1670, Christian
Remick, William Gowen, William Furbish, Robert Knight,
John Bray, Gabriel Selkerly, and Alexander Cooper.

Christopher Adams purchased land of Nathaniel Fryer
in 1668. It descended to John Adams, and then to his
son John, who was the father of Mark Adams. This
property has been in the Adams family two hundred and
twelve years. The land laid out in 1651 to Jeremiah
Sheres was laid out to Christopher Adams, May 28, 1674.

Maj. Nicholas Shapleigh had a land grant of 500 acres,
including Kittery Point, but a person by the name of
Billings had a grant earlier than that of Shapleigh. In
1654 the town, through their selectmen, granted Shapleigh
30 acres additional of meadow-land, or what would make
it, provided good meadow-land could not be found un-
granted.

When Edward Godfrey became Governor, Nicholas
Shapleigh and Thomas Withers were made members of
his council, and as a mark of honor to them the prefix of
Mr., when spoken to or of, was mentioned in connection
with their names.

In 1652, Thomas Withes was granted the island near
Mr. Crockett’s land, “ laying over against the Indian graves
that are on the north side of Crooked Lane.” Deeds made
in that year refer to the ‘old corn-ground” on Thompson’s
Point.

It was voted in this year that all the marsh known by
the name of the Fowling Marsh, lying above Birchen
Point, shall be and remain commons to this town forever.
This act was soon after so modified as to except two miles
along Salmon Falls River to the head of the town, and half
a mile of timbered lands on both sides of Great Works
River.

A court record of 1653 states that, “ Whereas Jon.
Towle, by a former testimony of about Oct. 14, 1651, did
blemish Geo. Nolan’s name, and Say he Stole oil,’’ ete., he
now acknowledges the injustice of the same before Ed.
Rushworth,* J. P., Jan. 18, 1652.

The first tax levied under the provincial government was
£4 11s. Of this Piscataqua paid £2 10s.; Gorgeana, £1;
Saco, 11s.; Casco, 10s.

Portsmouth, with Kittery, Dover, and Exeter, for pur-
poses of protection and government, formed a combination
or independent republic in 1641, but soon after Portsmouth
and Dover placed themselves under the protection of Massa-
chusetts.

When Massachusetts asserted her claim to jurisdiction,
commissioners were sent into the plantation, and the in-
habitants were summoned to assemble at the house of
William Everett, in Kittery, Nov. 15, 1652, and submit
themselves to the government of that colony. After a
parley of four days 41 of the principal inhabitants sub-
scribed to articles of submission, and a government was
duly organized like that in force in Massachusetts. Among

 

* Edward Rishworth,

 

those who signed the submission were Humphrey Chad-
bourne, the two Frosts (Nicholas and Charles), Heard,
Jenkins, Jones, Lord, Mason, Paul, Shapleigh, Spinney,
and Gowen Wilson. Descendants of nearly all of these
men of early times are still residents within the old
plantation limits.

In the court records of York County for 1640 there was
a presentment from Piscataqua against John Lander for
swearing two oaths. To prevent destruction by wolves,
which were quite numerous, the court ordered twelve pence
to be paid by every family between Piscataqua and Kenne-
bunk for each wolf killed within those limits, the hunter
receiving an order from the nearest councilor on which to
draw his premium.

In 1645 an action was brought by John Trelawny, of
Piscataqua, against John Winter, for services in the fishery
at Richmond’s Island, while resident there.

Nicholas Shapleigh was appointed one of Governor God-
frey’s councilors in 1646, and again in 1648. He was
made sergeant-major and commandant of the militia in
1656, on the organization of the militia of Maine. He
was required to meet with the officers of Wells, Kittery,
York, and Cape Porpoise for improvement in military tac-
tics and to see that the soldiers were all well armed,
equipped, and disciplined. The following sentence in
1674 shows that “ discipline” was not an empty word in
those days :

“Richard Gilson, for mutinous conduct toward his commander,
Capt. Chas. Frost, is appointed to receive by Jno. Parker, Sargent, 25
stripes on his bare skin; and Capt. Frost shall have warrant to call
before him Richd. Gilson ye next training-day at Kitterrie, and either
he is to order him to be layed, and tied neck and heels together, at ye
head of his company for two hours, or to ryde on ye wooden horse at
ye head of his company, for insolence of behavior.”

The children were also taught in the severe school of the
fathers. In 1675 the selectmen of the town were presented
by the grand jury for not “ taking care that the youth of
the town be taught their catechism, according to law.”

In 1665, Capt. Francis Champernoon and Richard Cutts
were appointed justices of the peace for Kittery, and John
Wincoln (Wincoll) for Newichawannock.

At the outbreak of the Indian war in 1675 there was a
force of 700 soldiers in the seven towns, comprising the
Yorkshire militia. Of these 180 were men of Kittery,
including those from all the Berwick settlements to Mr.
Tozer’s, above Quamphegan Falls. To relieve the besieged
inhabitants of Saco, Capt. Wincoln proceeded with 16 of
his company, in September, to the mouth of Winter Har-
bor, where he arrived, after a loss of three men on the
way, to be confronted by a force of 150 savages. In the
skirmish which ensued he was overpowered and compelled
to seek shelter with his men behind a pile of shingle-bolts,
where they successfully withstood the assault. In retalia-
tion for this, the assault on Tozer’s and other frontier
dwellings in Berwick was made, and Capt. Wincoln’s build-
ings, near the upper mills, were burned, together with 100
bushels of corn. In October, Major Waldron, of Dover,
N. H., and Capt. Nicholas Shapleigh were appointed a com-
mittee by the General Court to treat with the Indians for
peace. October 7th three persons were shot at Newicha-

| wannock. On the 16th, Richard Tozer was killed, and
TOWN OF KITTERY. 279

 

Lieut. Roger Plaisted, after writing a hurried appeal to
Major Waldron, at Dover, for help, was killed the same
day, while attempting to rescue the body of Mr. Tozer.

Before leaving, the Indians burned three houses, two barns
and a mill, and a dwelling on Sturgeon Creek, where they
killed two or more men, and it was only through rare presence
of mind that Capt.—afterwards Maj.—Frost, saved him-
self and family from destruction. The next day a woman
was killed on the beach opposite Portsmouth Battery, and
while plundering his house the Indians were dispersed in
terror by a cannon shot. Being followed, they abandoned
their plunder in a swamp, and fled. During this three
months of terror, 80 persons were slain between the Pis-
cataqua and Kennebec Rivers. In April, 1678, a peace
was concluded, and the inhabitants were again permitted to
devote their attention to their homes. All new houses
were strong, defensive garrisons. The northern settlements
were again plundered and destroyed after a fierce resistance,
in 1690, by the French and Indians under Lieut. Hartel.

Robert Rogers, a corpulent man, was captured, escaped,
was recaptured, and burned with most savage tortures. At
Spruce Creek they killed an old man and captured a
woman, whom they took to New Hampshire. In August,
1693, a body of 250 Indians, under Modockawando, Bo-
maseen, and Moxus, returning through the town from a
plundering expedition to Dover, killed three more at Spruce
Creek, and took a boy prisoner. Five days later they
made a bold attack on Kittery, slew eight persons, scalped
in a barbarous manner a little girl, and left her in a stunned
and bleeding condition, from which she-finally recovered.
In June, 1695, Maj. Hammond was seized near Saco Fort,
and taken prisoner to Canada. In the spring of 1696,
Maj. Hammond and about 30 others were released, and re-
turned to the province.

In 1697 a party of Indians secreted themselves, and
shot Maj. Frost as he was returning from meeting. Two
young men, who were sent to Wills garrison with the dire-
ful news, were killed on their way.

Another victim—an old man—fell at Spruce Creek, May
9, 1698, after he had surrendered, and his two sons were
taken prisoners. A few hours later his murderer shot him-
self accidentally, with his own gun, while using it to pull
his canoe ashore.

On the declaration of peace, in 1799, the town abounded
in garrisons and strongholds. They were houses of many
gables, with small doors and long narrow windows morticed
between two hewn logs. Between the upper openings or
windows the initials of the owner in large letters of wood,
or some fanciful design, were nailed fast, and from a pole
at the side a flag waved in the breeze, ready to signal to
the nearest neighbor news of approaching danger.

A wooden shoe is shown, by the descendants of Mr. Gowen
Wilson, which has been in the family a hundred and fifty
years, The story connected with it is something like this:
A mother and son, a mere boy, by name of Hutchins, were
captured by the Indians. The boy was given a pair of wooden
shoes to wear. One of them hurting him, without loosen-
ing it, he split it from his foot with a hatchet. The coolness
of the act, and the precision with which it was done, so
pleased his captors that he was accorded kind treatment

 

and allowed to keep the mate as a trophy, and, after a cap-
tivity of several months, he and his mother were permitted
to return to their friends.

The selectmen in 1692 granted the application of John
Woodman for a ferry between Kittery and Strawberry
Bank. A ferry also was employed across the mouth of
Spruce Creek to connect the two portions of the town, till
the toll-bridge was built there, about 1838.

On account of its favorable location for commerce, and
the large shipping and fishing interests developed here
during its early history, Kittery increased more rapidly
in wealth and population than any other town in Maine.
Foreign merchants, finding they could supply themselves
more cheaply with vessels here than elsewhere, flocked
hither to make their purchases, and the shipping industry
was thereby stimulated to great activity.

Rum was quite a common beverage in those times, and
was considered necessary at all ship-launchings, in the fol-
lowing measures: one barrel for the men, and a barrel of
wine for the ladies. At loggings, huskings, raisings, and
raftings its presence was thought indispensable. Into even
more solemn assemblies it was admitted, and ina bill of
expenses incurred at an ordination in the vicinity of Kit-
tery Point is a charge for eight quarts of rum and two of
brandy for the clergy and council, and at a funeral was a
charge for five gallons of rum, ten pounds of sugar, and
half a pound of allspice for the mourners.

In 1776, at a town-meeting, a bounty of £6 was voted
to able-bodied efficient men to enlist for three months in
the Continental army. The quota for the town was sixty
men. A vote also passed, 1779, regulating the price of
various articles, as well as of labor: “ And all who bought
or sold at a higher price than the fixed one were to be con-
sidered enemies to the United States of America, and to
be treated with that contempt their conduct deserves.”
Some of the articles enumerated are as follows: West
India rum, per gallon, retail, £7 ; New England rum, £5;
molasses, £4 10s.; coffee, 18s. per lb.; brown sugar, 15s. ;
Bohea tea, £6; cotton, £2; steel wire or iron work to be
reduced in proportion to the produce of the country; In-
dian corn, per bushel, £5; rye, £6; barley, £4; wheat,
£9; beef, mutton, and veal, 4s. 6d. per lb. ; butter, 12s. ;
best cheese, 8s.; hay, per ton, £30.

Tn the struggle for independence, although some of her
leading citizens were loyal to the mother-country, yet Kit-
tery voted men and means as they were required of her.
Portsmouth Harbor was an important station, and war ves-
sels and privateers were fitted out here. The harbor was
fortified and garrisoned, both on the New Hampshire and
Maine sides.

Fort McClary, situated on the western side of a promon-
tory formed by Spruce Creek and the river, was garrisoned
in 1812, and also during the Rebellion.

June 9, 1713, Berwick was incorporated from its
northern portion, and March 1, 1810, Eliot was taken off,
reducing it to its present limits.

THE ISLES OF SHOALS.

The Isles of Shoals, eight in number, are about nine
miles from the Point. The harbor is on Haley's Island,
280. HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

which opens to the southwest. The line between Maine
and New Hampshire passes through them, leaving the larger
portion on the Maine side. Hog, the largest, contains an area
of 350 acres, and its greatest elevation above high-water
mark is 57 feet. Smutty Nose has an area of about 250
acres; greatest elevation, 45 feet. Star Island contains
180 acres, and its height 55 feet. The surface is mostly
rocks, with thin soil in places. They were discovered in
1614 by Capt. John Smith, and by him named Smith’s
_ Isles. They were first visited by fishermen, and a large
business was carried on with the neighboring towns in fish
procured from the adjacent waters and dried here. The
deed given to John Wheelright and others, in 1629, by
the Indian sagamores, includes these isles.

Wm. Pepperell, father of Sir William, and a Mr. Gib-
bons, from Topsham, England, were among the earliest
settlers, and successfully prosecuted the fishing business
here. Smutty Nose and Malaga are connected by a sea-
wall 14 rods long, 13 feet high, and 20 or 30 feet in width,
built by Mr. Haley, “King of the Shoals,” to protect
Haley’s inlet and wharf from easterly storms. The gov-
ernment, some years ago, built the sea-wall connecting Star
and Smutty Nose Islands, for the purpose of forming a
safe anchorage on the northwest side for fishing vessels.
The islands are composed of ledges of gneiss, bearing un-
mistakable marks of igneous origin, being traversed by veins
of quartz, trap, and ironstone. Chasms in the rocks upon
all of them appear to have been caused by earthquakes.
The earthquake of 1633 is known to have produced some
changes on the northern islands of the group. The most
remarkable chasm is on Star Island, N. H., in which one
Betty Moody secreted herself from the Indians, who visited
the island and took away many female captives. The visi-
tor is still pointed to it as Betty Moody’s Hole.

On the Maine side of the line are Duck, Hog, Smutty
Nose or Haley's, and Cedar Islands.

Duck Island, which is two miles to the north of the group,
is ill-shaped, low, and rocky, and the most dangerous to ap-
proach. A rocky ledge extends half a mile northwest from
its shores. It is seven-eighths of a mile in length.

It was on these islands that the ‘‘dun fish” were cured
in so celebrated a manner as to become known in the ports
of Spain and the Mediterranean Sea. In 1745 a quintal
of these celebrated fish sold for a guinea, when all other
articles of food were low. They are caught in the summer,
and dried slowly upon the rocks, with but little salt. Their
curing was a trade-secret for many years among the inhab-
itants of these isles. Several thousand quintals of fish were
annually caught and cured here, which gave employment
to a number of schooners, besides numerous smaller boats.

In 1661 these islands contained about 40 families, and
were, in May, incorporated by the General Court, under
the name of Appledore, and invested with privileges as
other towns. They were then so much frequented as to
make it necessary that they should have municipal authority
for their own protection. The settlers were an industrious
people, distinguished for their intelligence and morality.
Their population was nearly 600 previous to the Revo-
lution.

Two representatives were sent to General Court when a

 

like number were sent from Kittery, York, and Wells.
There was a court-house on Haley’s Island, and at one time
a session of the General Court convened here. The name
was subsequently changed to Gosport. A meeting-house
was first built on Hog, and afterwards on Star, Island, and
at one period an able ministry sustained.

About 1642 the Rev. Richard Gibson, a minister of the
Church of England, visited the islands, and performed the
ceremonies of marriage and baptism, for which he was com-
plained of to the General Court.

Rev. Mr. Gibson was a good scholar, a popular speaker,
and highly esteemed as a minister of the gospel, especially
by the fishermen at Richmond’s Island and the Isles of
Shoals. He returned to England in 1643.

In 1647, John Renalds was complained of for taking his
wife, hogs, and goats upon the islands, contrary to the order
of court “that no women, hogs, or goats shall live there.”
In the issue the wife was allowed to remain, but the hogs
and goats were ejected.

The pious ministry of Rev. John Brock among these
islanders, from 1650 to 1662, is worthy of particular notice.
He came to New England when a youth, and graduated at
Harvard College in 1647. From early life he was dis-
tinguished for his quiet and remarkably trustful piety.

It is said of him that a fisherman of generous disposition,
whose boat had been of great use in helping the people to
and from the house of worship on the Sabbath, had the
misfortune to lose it in astorm. When regretting his loss,
Rev. Mr. Brock said to him, ‘‘Go home contented, good
sir, I'll mention the matter to the Lord,—to-morrow you
may expect to find your boat!’ It was made the subject
of prayer by the worthy pastor, and, strangely enough, it
was brought up the next day by the flukes of an anchor,
and restored to the owner.

In 1795 a woman by the name of Pulsey died in Gos-
port, aged ninety. In her earlier days she kept two cows,
cutting the hay upon which they were fed in winter from
among the rocks with a knife by hand, and yet it was said
they were always in good condition. In 1775 the British
took them from her, and they were killed, to the no small
grief of the good old lady.

Scarcely a trace of the former business and population
of the Isles of Shoals now exists. Latterly they have be-
come famous as a place of summer resort, and some large
hotels have been erected, and are yearly filled with those
seeking health and pleasure. During the summer season a
steamer plies between the Isles and Portsmouth.

VILLAGES AND HAMLETS.

There are three post-offices within the town: one at Kit-
tery, one at Kittery Point, and one at Kittery Depot.

KITTERY.

The main business centres at Kittery village, which is
separated from the United States Navy-Yard by a narrow
channel a mile southeast of the depot. The village is
finely laid out, and commands a flourishing trade with the
surrounding part of the town, and the many government
operatives employed here. The business consists of

Dry-goods and groceries: A. A. Hayes; Lewis & Brooks,
TOWN OF

KITTERY. 281

 

established 1865; John R. Wentworth, established 1877 ;
Sweat & Seaward, established 1879 (formerly D. A. Hill).

Drugs: James QO. Trefethen, established in 1863.

Groceries: E. C. Nealley & Co., established in 1876.

Boots, shoes, and clothing: H. W. Trefethen, established
in 1874.

Stoves and tinware: Henry F. Fuller, established 1874.

Fruits, confectionery, and news: Frank M. Osborn, es-
tablished in 1878.

Meats and provisions: J. E. Chase, established in 1870 ;
William A. Williams, established in 1878.

Auctioneers : George O. Chapman, A. A. Hayes.

Marine railway and ship-yard: Neal & Co., established
in 1872.

Shoemakers: I. G. Jones, Benjamin Bunker.

Painter: W. Ball.

Livery-stables: Charles W. Cottle & Son, Frank P. Shan-
non & Co.

Hotel: James HE. Chase.

Wreck commissioner: Luther P. Call.

Physicians: M. F. Wentworth, A. W. Johnson.

Lawyer: M. A. Safford.

Postmaster: James QO. Trefethen ; mails daily.

Cornet band: F. Cate, leader.

KITTERY DEPOT.

A post-office has been opened here to accommodate the
business built up with the opening of the Portland, Saco
and Portsmouth Railroad at this point, which crosses the
river from Portsmouth, N. H., and, passing northward two
miles through the town, enters Eliot on its way to Port-
land. The buildings occupy three streets, extending half a
mile, nearly continuous with the lower village. There are
some 40 dwellings and the following business interests :

Stores: H. B. Parker (established by W. G. Parker in
1858); W. H. Adams.

Carriage manufacturers: S. Frye, G. C. Spinney.

Carriage painter: E. A. Abrams.

Smith: W. H. Brown.

Carpenter: Washington Williams.

Postmaster: Horace B. Parker.

KITTERY POINT.

Kittery Point, three miles from the depot, at the south
part of the town, occupies a peninsula a mile and a quar-
ter in length, extending directly westward, and forming the
eastern shore at the outlet of Spruce Creek, which is here
spanned by a substantial bridge. The point is from a quar-
ter to half a mile wide. For a distance of more than two
miles eastward to Cutts Island a thickly-settled road-way
continues. Branching off half-way, and continuing north
around the east side of Spruce Creek, the settlement con-
tinues close for nearly a mile. Most of these dwellings
are the homes of workingmen and managers in government
employ. The business of the place consists of—

Groceries: J. E. Frisbie, John OC. Call.

Provisions: E. Hoyt.

Confectionery: Safford & Clarkson, S. Frisbee, I. D.
Phillips, John Safford, 8. B. Grace, W. H. Riley, John
H. Blake.

36

 

Millinery and ladies’ goods: Mrs. Emma Keene, Mrs.
Jane Hoyt, J. C. Safford, E. Bedell.

Carver: John Bellemy.

Carpenter: J. E. Patch.

Carriagesmith : W. Brown.

Physician : E. Q. Adams.

Hotel: Edward F. Safford, who is also postmaster. Mails
daily.

INCORPORATION.

The town of Kittery was incorporated Oct. 20, 1647, and
was the first town in Maine. The first selectmen were
Nicholas Shapleigh, John Heard, and Nicholas Frost.

At a town-meeting held at Kittery, July 16, 1648, it was
“ordered and agreed that Mr. Nicholas Shapleigh, John
Hord, and Nicholas Frost* be townsmen, and rate the mar-
ket this year, and that the townsmen shall receive all fines
made within the township by any defaults, and the towns-
men for to dispose of it for any public charge.” Any one
who failed to improve his “ Lott’ within one year was de-
clared to have forfeited his title.

The first full election recorded was in 1692, when Wil-
liam Scrivner was elected to act with the seven selectmen
for assessment; Maj. Joseph Hammond was elected Town
Clerk; Mark Adams, Capt. John Wincoll (Wincoln),
Lieut. William Fernald, James Emery, Sr., John Shap-
leigh, Joshua Downing, Benoni Hodsdon, and Humphrey
Chadbourne, Selectmen; James Emery, “ Deputy or Rep-
resentative to serve at the Great or General Court at Bos-
ton;” Elisha Gunnison, William Scrivner, Ensign Thomas
Abbott, and Christian Remick were chosen to instruct “ the
said Deputy ;” Nathaniel Lord, Richard Briar, Constables;
John Shapleigh, Humphrey Axell, Edmund Page, Nicholas
Tucker, Peter Grant, James Warren, Jr., Surveyors of
Highways and Fences; Daniel Stone, Sealer of Leather ;
Nicholas Tucker, Culler of Staves and Packer of Meat and
Mackerel; Peter Lewis, Culler of Fish; Capt. John Win-
coll, Surveyor of Lands; Richard Tozer, John Cooper,
Jabez Jenkins, Joshua Downing, and William Pepperell,
Grand Jurymen.

CIVIL LIST.
TOWN CLERKS.

Humphrey Chadbourne, 1647-66; James Heard, 1667-69; Charles
Frost, vacancy, 1669; Capt. Charles Frost, 1670; Maj. Joseph
Hammond, 1692-1722; Charles Frost, 1722;t Charles Frost,
1723-31; Tobias Leighton, 1732-45; Tobias Fernald, 1746-61;
William Leighton, 1762-75; Dennis Fernald, 1776-88;t+ P.
Fernald, 1789-90; Andrew Pepperell Fernald, 1791-1800; John
Rogers, 1828; John Wentworth, 1829-32; Josiah Haley, 1833
-34; John L. Lawrence, 1835; Joseph Dame, 1836; Daniel
Jones, 1837-39 ; Daniel Pierce, 1840-43; Richard Rogers, 1844;
Daniel Pierce, 1845; John R. Haley, 1846-47; Ephraim Otis,
1848-49; Isaac D. Phillips, 1850-51; Benning Haley, 1852-53;
Briard A. Currier, 1854-55; Isaac D. Phillips, 1856-57; Rev.
Geo. M. Payne, John Wentworth, 1858; Jefferson T. Lewis, 1859
-60; John Rogers, 1861-62; Daniel P. Hutchings, 1863-64; D.
M. Shapleigh, 1865-66; Benjamin G. Parker, 1867-68; Charles
L. Duncan, 1869; Calvin L. Hayes, 1870-72; William M. San-
born, 1873-75; Dennis M. Shapleigh, 1876-79.

 

* Nicholas Frost was appointed constable by the Provincial Court
in 1640,

+ Vacancy by death of Major Hammond.

t William Leighton declined to swear in.
282 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

SELECTMEN.*

1647.—Maj. Nicholas Shapleigh, John Heard, Nicholas Frost.

1650.—Nicholas Shapleigh, John Heard, Anthony Emery.

1651.—Thomas Withers, Humphrey Chadbourne, Abram Conley.

1652.—Thomas Withers, Nicholas Shapleigh, John Wincol, Nicholas
Frost, Anthony Emery.

1654.—Nicholas Shapleigh, John Wincol, Anthony Emery.

1659.—Maj. Nicholas Shapleigh, Thomas Withers, Richard Mason,
James Heard, John Simons, ™

1661.—Maj. Nicholas Shapleigh, Thomas Withers, John Deamens,
Nicholas Frost, James Heard, Niles Thompson, Roger
Plaisted.

1666.—Richard Mason, Thomas Withers, Robert Mendam, John
Wincoln, James Emory, Wm. Seely.

1667.—Nicholas Shapleigh, William Seely, Thomas Withers, James
Heard, Charles Frost, Richard Mason.

1668.—Nicholas Shapleigh, Thomas Withers, Charles Frost, James
Heard, Richard Mason, Roger Plaisted, Wm. Seely.

1669.—John Meredith, James Emery, Thomas Withers, Robert Men-
dam, Roger Plaisted, Capt. Charles Frost.

1670.—Capt. John Wincoln, Lieut. Roger Plaisted, Thomas Withers,
Thomas Mills, Robert Mendam, Christian Remick, Capt.
Charles Frost.

1672.—Christian Remick, Robert Mendam, Thomas Mills.

1673.—Robert Mendam, Christian Remick, Francis Cook.

1674,—Lieut. Roger Plaisted, James Emory, Wm. Spencer, Wm. Fer-
nald, Thomas Spinney, Wm. Low, Gowen Wilson.

1683.—John Wincol, James Emory, James Plaisted, Wm. Low.

1692.—Capt. John Wincol, Lieut. Wm. Fernald, James Emery, Sr.,
John Shapleigh, Joshua Downing, Benoni Hodsdon, Hum-
phrey Chadbourne.

1693.—John Shapleigh, Elihu Gunnison, Wm. Pepperell, Joshua
Downing, Lieut. Wm. Fernald, Richard King, James Emery,
Sr.

1694,—Lieut. John Shapleigh, Richard Cutt, Elihu Gunnison, Capt.
Wm. Fernald, James Emery, Sr., Ensign Thomas Abbott,
Benoni Hodsdon.

1695.—Ensign Thomas Abbott, James Emery, Jr., Daniel Goodwin,
Jr., Capt. Wm. Fernald, Lieut. John Shapleigh, Richard
Cutt, Joshua Downing.

1696.—James Emery, Daniel Goodwin, Jr., James Warren, Jr., Capt.
Wm. Fernald, Lieut. John Shapleigh, Joshua Downing,
Elihu Gunnison.

1697.—Wm. Pepperell, Lieut. John Shapleigh, Ensign John Leighton,
Richard Cutt, Daniel Goodwin, Jr., James Emery, James
Warren, Jr.

1698.—Wm. Pepperell, Lieut. John Shapleigh, Richard Cutt, Ensign
John Leighton, James Warren, James Emery, Benjamin
Nason.

1699.—Wm. Pepperell, John Shapleigh, John Leighton, Richard
Cutt, Benj. Nason, James Emery, James Warren.

1700.—Wm. Pepperell, Richard Cutt, Joshua Downing, John Leigh-
ton, Capt. John Hill, Lieut. Charles Frost, James Warren.

1701.—Wm. Pepperell, John Shapleigh, Ichabod Plaisted, Charles
Frost, John Hill, John Leighton.

1702.—Capt. John Hill, Lieut. Charles Frost, James Warren, Ensign
John Leighton, Elihu Gunnison, Joseph Hill, Joseph Wilson.

1703.—Capt. John Hill, Lieut. Charles Frost, James Warren, Lieut.
John Shapleigh, Ensign John Leighton, Wm. Pepperell,
John Wilson.

1706.—Joseph Hill, Joseph Couch, Richard Cutt, Joseph Hammond,
Jr., Lieut. Charles Frost, James Emery, Daniel Emery.

1707.—Capt. John Hill, Daniel Emery, Phil. Hubbard, Jacob Re-
mick, Henry Barter, Roger Deering, Jr., Thomas Hanscom.

1708.—Capt. John Hill, Deacon Daniel Emery, Philip Hubbard,
Capt. Wm. Pepperell, Lieut. Roger Deering, Jacob Remick,
Thomas Hanscom.

1709.—Capt. John Hill, Daniel Emery, Philip Hubbard, Samuel
Winkley, Elihu Gunnison, Jr., Jacob Remick, John Den-
nett.

1710.—Roger Deering, Jr., John Croade, Philip Hubbard, John Key,
Richard King, Henry Barter, Thomas Hanscom.

 

* Records incomplete till 1692.

 

1711.—Richard King, Roger Deering, Philip Hubbard, Henry Barter,
Thomas Hanscom, John Croade.

1712,—Daniel Emery, John Croade, John Key, Samuel Winkley, Jo-
seph Curtis, John Dennett, Richard King.

1713.—Capt. John Hill, Charles Frost, Daniel Emery, Jacob Remick,
John Dennett, Roger Deering, Jr., Ebenezer More.

1714.—Capt. Wm. Pepperell, Capt. John Leighton, Elihu Gunnison,
Jr., Nicholas Weeks, Peter Staple, Nicholas Morrell, John
Thompson.

1715.—Elihu Gunnison, Jr., Nicholas Weeks, John Dennett, Peter
Staple, John Thompson, John Adams, Nicholas Morrell.

1716.—Elihu Gunnison, Jr., John Thompson, Nicholas Weeks, Peter
Staple, John Adams, John Dennett, Nicholas Morrell.

1717.—Joseph Hammond, John Dennett, John Adams, Nicholas
Weeks, Stephen Tobey, Daniel Emery, John Gowen.

1718,—Elihu Gunnison, Capt. John Heard, Daniel Emery, John Den-

: nett, Ebenezer More, John Fernald, John Thompson.

1719.—Capt. John Heard, Elihu Gunnison, Daniel Emery, Ebenezer
More, Peter Staple, John Dennett, John Thompson.

1720.—Joseph Hammond, Elihu Gunnison, John Adams, Daniel Em-
ery, Wm. Fernald, Ebenezer More, John Thompson.

1721.—Capt. John Heard, John Dennett, John Fernald, Rich. Gowell.

1722.—Capt. William Pepperell, Henry Barter, John Adams, Maj.
Joseph Hammond, Capt. John Leighton, Capt. Nicholas
Shapleigh, James Chadbourne.

1723.—Maj. Nicholas Shapleigh, Nathan Bartlett, Richard Gowel,
John Dennett, Ebenezer More, George Frinke, Charles Frost.

1724.—Ebenezer More, John Dennett, Richard Gowel, John Thomp-
son, Capt. Nicholas Shapleigh, Nathan Bartlett, Charles
Frost.

1725.—John Dennett, John Thompson, Nathan Bartlett, Ebenezer
More, Richard Gowel, Jr.

1726.—Wm. Pepperell, Wm. Tetherly, John Thompson, Noah Emery,
John Dennett, Richard Gowel, Jr., Samuel Thorp.

1727.—Wm. Pepperell, John Dennett, Richard Gowell, Benjamin
Fernald, William Tetherly, Peter Staple, Noah Emery.

1728.—Wm. Pepperell, Noah Emery, Capt. Timothy Gerrish, Capt.
Stephen Eastwick, William Tetherly, William Leighton,
Peter Staple.

1729.—Capt. Nicholas Shapleigh, John Dennett, Richard Gowell,
Charles Frost, Withery Berry, John Rogers, Noah Emery.

1730.—Capt. Nicholas Shapleigh, John Dennett, Richard Gowell,
Withery Berry, John Rogers, Jacob Remick, Jr., Noah
Emery.

1731.—Capt. Nicholas Shapleigh, William Tethery, Withery Berry,
John More, James Chadbourne, Joseph Gunnison, Noah
Emery.

1732.—Capt. Nicholas Shapleigh, Joseph Gunnison, Noah Emery,
Richard Cutt, Jr., Joseph Weeks, James Chadbourne, John
More.

1733.—Capt. Nicholas Shapleigh, Peter Staple, Nathan Bartlett,
Richard Cutt, Jr., Noah Emery, Joseph Gunnison.

1734.—Richard Cutt, Jr., Peter Staple, Nathan Bartlett, J oseph Gun-
nison, Noah Emery, Joseph Weeks, John Shepard.

1735.—Joseph Hammond, Richard Cutt, Jr., Lieut. Nathan Bartlett,
John Rogers, Richard Gowell, John Sheperd, Tobias Leigh-
ton,

1736.—Richard Cutt, Lieut. Nathan Bartlett, Richard Gowell, John
Rogers, Joseph Gunnison, Thomas Hutchins, Tobias Leigh-
ton.

1737.—Richard Cutt, Capt. Nathan Bartlett, Lieut. Noah Emery,
Richard Gowell, John Rogers, J oseph Gunnison, Tobias
Leighton.

1738.—Richard Cutts, Capt. Nathan Bartlett, Capt. William Whipple,
Noah Emery, Joseph Gunnison, Nathaniel Leach, Tobias
Leighton.

1739.—Richard Cutt, Capt. Nathan Bartlett, Noah Emery, Richard
Gowell, Tobias Leighton, John Rogers, Capt. Samuel Mit-
chell.

1740.—Richard Cutt, Capt. Nathan Bartlett, Capt. John Shapleigh,
Richard Gowell, John Rogers, Thomas Cutt, Samuel Lunt.

1741.—Wm, Pepperell, Noah Emery, Tobias Leighton, John Rogers,
Capt. Samuel Mitchell, Robert Staple, Thomas Cutt.

1742.—Noah Emery, Tobias Leighton, John Rogers, Capt. Samuel
Mitchell, Richard Rice, John Godsoe, Benjamin Parker, Jr.
TOWN OF KITTERY. 283

1743.—Richard Cutt, Noah Emery, Tobias Leighton, John Rogers,
Joseph Hammond, Jr., Thomas Cutt, Ebenezer Fernald.

1744,—Noah Emery, Joseph Hammond, Jr., Tobias Leighton, Thomas
Cutt, Eben. Fernald, Timothy Fernald, Jr., John Dennett.

1745.—Noah Emery, Joseph Hammond, Jr., Tobias Leighton, Wil-
liam Tethery, Thomas Cutt, Timothy Gerrish, Jr., John
Dennett.

1846.—Timothy Gerrish, John Dennett, Thomas Cutt, Ebenezer Fer-
nald, Joseph Hammond, Jr., Nathaniel Remick, James
Gowen.

1747.—Joseph Hammond, Jr., John Dennett, Timothy Gerrish, James
Gowen, Benjamin Stacy, Thomas Cutt, Nathaniel Remick.

1748.—John Hammond, James Gowen, Nathaniel Remick, John
Dennett, Timothy Gerrish, Samuel Haley, Capt. William
Wentworth.

1749.—Noah Emery, Joseph Hammond, Thomas Cutt, John Dennett,
Timothy Gerrish, James Gowen, Nathaniel Remick.

1750-51.—John Dennett, Nathaniel Remick, Timothy Gerrish, Thos.
Cutt, Joseph Hammond, James Gowen, Ebenezer Fernald.

1752.—Nathaniel Remick, Tobias Fernald, Richard Cutt, Elihu Gun-
nison, Jr., Noah Emery, Joseph Hammond, John Dennett.

1753.—Simon Frost, Nathaniel Remick, Elihu Gunnison, Richard
Cutt, Capt. Wm. Wentworth, John Dennett.

1754.—Simon Frost, Richard Cutt, Capt. Wm. Wentworth, Joseph
Hammond, James Gowen, John Dennett, Elihu Gunnison,
Jr.

1755.—Simon Frost, Richard Cutt, James Gowen, John Dennett, Jo-
seph Hammond, Elihu Gunnison, John Adams.

1756.—Timothy Gerrish, Elihu Gunnison, John Dennett, Robert Cutt,
Joseph Hammond, James Gowen, John Heard Bartlett.

1757.—James Gowen, Joseph Hammond, John H. Bartlett, Elihu
Gunnison, Timothy Gerrish, Robert Cutt, Samuel Rice.

1758.—James Gowen, Joseph Hammond, Elihu Gunnison, Timothy
Gerrish, John H. Bartlett, Nathaniel Remick, Samuel Rice.

1759.—Richard Cutt, Joseph Hammond, John H. Bartlett, Capt.
James Gowen, Elihu Gunnison, Deacon Thomas Cutt, John
Dennett.

1760.—Richard Cutt, Capt. James Gowen, Capt. John H. Bartlett,
Jobn Dennett, Elihu Gunnison, Alexander Shapleigh, Dea-
con Thomas Cutt.

1761.—Capt. James Gowen, Capt. John Bartlett, Richard Cutt, Elibu
Gunnison, Alexander Shapleigh, Deacon Thomas Cutt, John
Dennett.

1762.—Richard Cutt, James Gowen, John H. Bartlett, John Dennett,
Elihu Gunnison, Thomas Cutt, Alexander Shapleigh.

1763.—James Gowen, Capt. John H. Bartlett, Maj. Nathaniel Rem-
ick, John Dennett, Elihu Gunnison.

1764.—James Gowen, John H. Bartlett, John Dennett, Elihu Gunni-

. son, Nathaniel Remick.

1765.—James Gowen, Charles Chaney, Esq., John Dennett, Elihu
Gunnison, Nathaniel Remick.

1766.—James Gowen, Richard Cutt, John Dennett, Deacon Joseph
Gunnison, Nathaniel Remick.

1767.—James Gowen, John Dennett, Nathaniel Remick, Joseph Gun-
nison, Richard Cutt.

1768.—Benj. Parker, John Dennett, Nathaniel Remick, Joseph Gun-
nison, Capt. John H. Bartlett.

1769.—Capt. John H. Bartlett, John Dennett, Nathaniel Remick,
Joseph Gunnison, Benjamin Fernald.

1770.—Nathaniel Remick, Wm, Lewis, Samuel Weeks, Joseph Goold,
Benjamin Fernald.

1771-72.—Benj. Parker, Wm. Lewis, Samuel Weeks, Joseph Goold,
William Leighton.

1773.—Capt. John’ Frost, Wm. Lewis, Samuel Weeks, Samuel Fer-
nald, Wm. Leighton.

1774-75.—Benj. Fernald, Wm. Lewis, Samuel Weeks, John Frost,
Wm. Leighton.

1776.—James Gowen, Nathaniel Remick, Joseph Gunnison, Richard
Cutt, Nicholas Spinney.

1777.—Capt. Samuel Leighton, Nath. Remick, Wm. Lewis, Joseph
Cutt, Nicholas Spinney.

1778.—Nathaniel Remick, Capt. Samuel Leighton, Wn. Lewis, Jo-
sepb Cutt, Nicholas Spinney.

1779.—Nathaniel Remick, Japhet Emery, Capt. Samuel Weeks, Jo-
seph Cutt, Wm. Remick.

 

’

1780.—Nathaniel Remick, Joseph Emery, Joseph Cutt, Wm. Lewis,
Nicholas Spinney.

1781.—Thomas Hanscom, Joseph Emery, Mark Adams, Wm. Lewis,
Joshua Hubbard.

1782.—Wm. Lewis, Nicholas Spinney, Capt. Samuel Weeks, Thomas
Hanscom, Joshua Hubbard.

1783.—Joshua Hubbard, Wm. Lewis, Nathaniel Rogers, Thomas
Hanscom, Nicholas Spinney.

1784.—Joshua Hubbard, William Lewis, Thomas Thompson, Mark
Adams, Capt. Benj. Parker.

1785.—Wm. Lewis, Thomas Hanscom, Joshua Hubbard, Mark Adams,
Nathaniel Rogers.

1786.—Mark Adams, Thomas Hanscom, Joshua Hubbard, Benjamin
Parker, Wm. Lewis.

1787.—Mark Adams, Thomas Hanscom, Elisha Shapleigh, Maj. Samuel
Leighton, Wm. Lewis.

1788.—Maj. Samuel Leighton, Mark Adams, Capt. Elisha Shapleigh,
Capt. Benj. Parker, Wm. Lewis.

1789.—Mark Adams, Maj. Samuel Leighton, Capt. Elisha Shapleigh,
Capt. Benj. Parker, John Tobey.

1790.—Capt. Benjamin Parker, Mark Adams, Maj. Samuel Leighton,
Capt. Samuel Weeks, John Tobey.

1791.—Capt. Benjamin Parker, Mark Adams, Dependent Shapleigh,
Samuel Remick, Maj. Samuel Leighton.

1792.—Mark Adams, Capt. Samuel Weeks, Capt. Benjamin Parker,
Maj. Samuel Leighton, Capt. Dependent Shapleigh.

1793.—Capt. Benjamin Parker, Maj. Samuel Leighton, Mark Adams,
Capt. Dependent Shapleigh, Col. Andrew P. Fernald.

1794.—Mark Adams, Maj. Samuel Leighton, Capt. Benj. Parker, Capt.

- Samuel Weeks, Capt. Dependent Shapleigh.

1795.—John Rogers, John Fogg, Andrew P. Fernald, Elisha Shap-
leigh, Wm. Thompson.

1796.—Maj. Wm. T. Gerrish, John Rogers, Capt. Dependent Shap-
leigh, Alexander Rice, Andrew P. Fernald.

1797.—Joshua Hubbard, Capt. Dependent Shapleigh, William T.
Gerrish, Alexander Rice, Nathaniel Staple.

1798.—Maj. Alexander Rice, William T. Gerrish, Nathaniel Staple,
John Rogers, Capt. Dependent Shapleigh.

1799.—Joshua Hubbard, Capt. Dependent Shapleigh, William Leigh-
ton, Thomas Gerrish, Maj. Alexander Rice.

1800.—William T. Gerrish, Alexander Rice, Ephraim Allen, Capt.
Dependent Shapleigh, Capt. Richard Rogers.

1801.—Maj. Wm, T. Gerrish, William Leighton, Capt. Alexander
Rice, Ephraim Allen, John Hill.

1802.—Maj. Wm. T. Gerrish, Capt. Alexander Rice, Capt. Richard
Rogers, John Hill, William Leighton.

1803.—Maj. Wm. T. Gerrish, Capt. Alexander Rice, Stephen Neal,
John Hill, John Hammond, Jr.

1804.—Maj. Alexander Rice, Wm. T. Gerrish, Joseph Hammond, John
Hill, Enoch H. Lewis.

1805.—Maj. Alexander Rice, Wm. T. Gerrish, John Hill, Joseph Ham-
mond, Jr., Stephen Neal.

1806.—Wm. T. Gerrish, Alexander Rice, John Hill, John Rogers,
Stephen Neal.

1807.—Wm. T. Gerrish, Alexander Rice, John Hill, Col. Samuel
Leighton, Joseph Hammond.

1808.—Wm. T. Gerrish, Alexander Rice, John Hill, William Cutts,
Joseph Hammond.

1809.— Wm. T. Gerrish, Alexander Rice, Col. Samuel Leighton, Daniel
Goodwin, David Libby.

1810.—William T. Gerrish, Alexander Rice, John Dennett.

1811.—Alexander Rice, William T. Gerrish, Mark Dennett.

1812.—Alexander Rice, William Cutts, Jr., William T. Gerrish.

1813.—Alexander Rice, William T. Gerrish, Mark Dennett.

1814.—Alexander Rice, William Cutts, Joshua T. Chase.

1815.—Alexander Rice, Mark Dennett, Joshua T. Chase.

1816.—Joshua T. Chase, Capt. Mark Dennett, John Dennett, Jr.

1817.—Capt. Mark Dennett, Joshua T. Chase, Benjamin Johnson.

1818.—Capt. Mark Dennett, Joshua T. Chase, Peletiah Fernald.

1819.—Capt. Mark Dennett, Joshua T, Chase, John Wentworth.

1820.—Joshua T. Chase, Capt. Mark Dennett, John Wentworth.

1821.—Joshua T. Chase, John Wentworth, Thomas Chase.

1822.—Joshua T. Chase, Capt. John Dennett, Thomas Chase.

1823.—Alexander Rice, Joshua T. Chase, Thomas Chase.

1824.—Joshua T. Chase, Thomas Chase, Capt. Thomas Cutts.
284 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

1825.—Mark Dennett, Jobn Parsons, Capt. Thomas Cutts.
1826.—Mark Dennett, Capt. Thomas Cutts, Capt. Joseph A. Spinney.
1827.—Mark Dennett, Daniel Bartlett, Thomas Chase.
1828.—Thomas Chase, Daniel Bartlett, Charles Stimson.
1829.—Capt. Charles Stimson, Charles Johnson, Mark Dennett.
1830.—Capt. Charles Stimson, Charles Johnson, Caleb Eastman.
1831.—Mark Fernald, Joseph Dame, Gowen Wilson.
1832.—Joseph Dame, Col. Gowen Wilson, John Dennett.
1833.—Col. Gowen Wilson, Mark Dennett, Joseph Dame.
1834.—Joseph Dame, Charles Stimson, Nicholas Shapleigh.
1835.—Joseph Dame, Edward Cutts, Nicholas Shapleigh.
1836.—Mark Dennett, Daniel Frisbie, Roger Deering.
1837.—Mark Dennett, David Frisbie, Daniel Pierce.
1838.—Daniel Pierce, Roger Deering, Asa Gunnison.
1839.—David Pierce, Richard Rogers, Asa Gunnison.
1840.—Richard Rogers, Jr., Asa Gunnison, Mark Dennett.
1841.—Gowen Wilson, Richard Rogers, Jr., Benning Wilson.
1842.—Benning Wilson, Richard Rogers, Jr., Thomas Frisbee.
1843.—Richard Rogers, Jr., Benning Wilson, Gowen Wilson.
1844.—Oliver Cutts, John R. Haley, Hanson H. Adams.
1845.—Gowen Wilson, Asa Gunnison, Franklin Adams.
1846.—William G. Parker, Ephraim Otis, Benning Wilson.
1847.—Ephraim Otis, Edward D. Safford, William G. Parker.
1848.—Edward D. Safford, John R. Haley, Joseph Adams.
1849.—Edward D. Safford, Ephraim Otis, Rufus Remick.
1850.—Daniel Frisbee, Bonning Wilson, Rufus Remick.
1851.—Daniel Pierce, Daniel Frisbee, Hanson H. Adams.
1852.—Ephraim Otis, Asa Gunnison, John R. Haley.
1853.—Isaac D. Phillips, Edmund Dixon, Theodore Trafton.
1854,—Edward D. Safford, Benning Haley, Rufus Remick.
1855.—Joseph E. Cox, John Wentworth, Oliver Cutts.
1856.—Luther Morton, Ephraim C. Spinney, Albion E. Parsons.
1857.—Ephraim C. Spinney, Albion E, Parsons, Luther Norton.
1858.—Albion E. Parsons, Chandler Brooks, Moses A. Safford.
1859.—Moses A. Safford, John T. Paul, Albion E. Parsons.
1860.—Daniel Pierce, Isaac D. Phillips, George B. Preble.
1861.—James Philbrick, Joshua H. Sanborn, Joseph Frisbee.
1862.—Joshua H. Sanborn, James Philbrick, Charles Duncan.
1863.—John P. Wentworth, Warrinton Paul, Charles Duncan.
1864.—John P. Wentworth, Warrinton Paul, John Williams.
1865-66.—John P. Wentworth, Albert Wilson, William W. Lock.
1867-68.—Alexander Dennett, Edward F. Safford, Dennis M. Shap-
leigh.
1869.—Alexander Dennett, Dennis M. Shapleigh, Edward F. Safford.
1870-71.—Dennis M. Shapleigh, Edward F. Safford, William W.
Locke.
1872.—William W. Locke, Joseph H. Seewards, James W. Brooks.
1873-74.—Joseph H. Sewards, Warrinton Paul, Augustus H. Adams,
1875-76.—Samuel Fernald, Jesse E. Frisbee, James A. Philbrick.
1877.—Samuel Fernald, Franklin H. Bond, James R. Philbrick.
1878-79.—James R. Philbrick, Franklin H. Bond, Thomas J. Petti-
grew.

SHIP-BUILDING.

One of the earliest ship- or boat-builders was a man
named John Bray, who came from Plymouth, England,
about 1660, bringing with him his family, among whom
was Margery, a child one year old. He settled at the
Point, near the Pepperell mansion, where he engaged in a
profitable and flourishing business of building and repairing
boats for the fishermen.

In 1714, Massachusetts made the Point a port of entry;
a breastwork was thrown up northerly of the Point, and a
platform for six guns laid; a naval officer and notary public
were appointed, and all sea captains and persons trading at
the river were required to pay imposts, powder money, and
other duties, according to law.

The vessel of most historic interest was the “ America,”
built on Badger Island. Nov. 9, 1776, the American
Congress ordered the building or purchase of three 74-cun
ships, five 36- and one 18-gun ship, and one packet.

 

Under this order the keel of the “ America” was laid soon
after. The island was then owned by John Langdon, and
came to be known as Langdon Island. At the time of the
construction she was the heaviest ship that had ever been
laid on the continent, and the first of her class built by the
confederated colonies after the rupture with the mother-
country,—the only one, of the three 74’s authorized, even
begun. The plan was changed to a double-decker and
work pushed forward upon it in the latter part of 1779,
when John Paul Jones was appointed to the command
and took charge of its construction. The utmost vigilance
was required to prevent the enemy from destroying the
“ America” before it was ready for launching; but every
attempt was baffled, and the launch successfully made, Nov.
5, 1782. The “America” was 503 feet in extreme
breadth, and 1823 feet in length on the upper gun-deck.
This ship, though the largest 74-gun vessel in the world,
had, when her lower battery was sunk, the air of a delicate
frigate, and no person, at the distance of a mile, could have
imagined that she had a second battery. The “‘ America”
had only quarter galleries and no stern one. Both stern
and bow were made very strong, so that the men at quarter
might be everywhere under cover. The plan projected for
the sculpture-work expressed dignity and simplicity. The
head was a female figure crowned with laurels. The right
arm was raised, with the forefinger pointing to heaven, as
if appealing to that high tribunal for the justice of the
American cause. On the left arm was a buckler with a
blue ground and 13 stars. The legs and feet of the figure
were covered here and there with wreaths of smoke to
represent the dangers and difficulties of war. On the
stern, under the windows of the great cabin, appeared two
large figures in bas-relief, representing tyranny and oppres-
sion, bound and biting the ground, with the cap of liberty
on a pole above their heads. On the back part of the
starboard quarter-galley was a figure of Neptune, and on
the larboard galley a large figure of Mars. Over the great
cabin, on the highest part of the stern, was a large medal-
lion, on which was a figure of Wisdom, surrounded by
Danger, with the bird of Athens over her head. The
danger surrounding Wisdom was probably emblematically
expressed by flashes of lightning. At the close of the
summer of 1782 the “ Magnifique,” a 74-gun ship belong-
ing to the Franch squadron, under the Marquis de Van-
dreuil, was lost by accident in Boston Harbor, and policy,
if not equity, rendered it expedient for Congress to present
the French with this ship-of-theline. Accordingly, a
resolution to that effect passed that body Sept. 3d, and
Jones, much to his disappointment, was deprived of the
command of the truly beautiful vessel. It was delivered
to Chevalier de Martigne, who had command of the “ Mag-
nifique,” and after various cruisings in the French navy,
was captured by the British in Lord Howe’s engagement,
June 1, 1794, and her name changed to the “ Impetueux,”
because they already had a 64-gun ship called “ America,”
and the real “ Impetueux” was burned at Portsmouth soon
after they got in there. By some it is thought this vessel
yet floats in the British navy under a different name.

So favorable for ship-building is the location that an
island next below Badger’s, called Ferald’s at one time,
 

 

i
PRN

OF PEPPERRELL HOTEL

LOOKING WEST FROM Sat 3 : i : ie - he sy
p k = =u ES oe : 2 FROM THE WEST:
PEPPER RELLHOTEL. ————— 2 : : BREN ae

 

   

HARBOR VIEW, FROM EAST OF HOTEL.
PEPPERRELL HOTEL,-A Summer Resonr, Kirrery Fons, Me.

 

OCEAN VIEW, FROM THE HOTEL,
TOWN OF KITTERY. 285

 

was purchased by the United States government of Capt.
William Dennett in 1806 for $5500, and the navy-yard
established there. It contains 60 acres, and before its pur-
chase by the government was a place for drying fish, and
had but one house upon it. Now the island is covered
with extensive shops and buildings, and from 600 to 1000
artisans are constantly employed in the repair and construc-
tion of government vessels. To give more room and greater
facilities for government works, the purchase of Trefethen’s
or Seavey’s Island was made in 1866.

The island upon which the navy-yard is situated is on
the eastern side of the river and connected with Kittery
village by a bridge. The largest vessels can be built or
repaired here with the utmost despatch. Among the con-
veniences for the purpose are the floating-balance dry-dock,
a very ingenious piece of mechanism, and three immense
ship-houses, the largest of which is 240 fect long and 131
feet wide, and has in its roof 130 tons of slate. The keel
of the frigate ‘‘ Congress” was laid in this building in 1837.
The “ Kearsarge,” which sunk the “ Alabama,” was built
here. The dock, with its appendages, cost $800,000.

PLACES OF HISTORIC INTEREST.
BIRTHPLACE OF GEN. WILLIAM WHIPPLE.

The house in which Gen. William Whipple, signer of
the Declaration of Independence, was born, and where he
spent his boyhood, now owned by Jesse Philbrick, is at the
head of a small cove, known now as Whipple’s Cove, east
from the navy-yard, and, until a few years since, bore the
external appearance of having been a garrison. Originally
it appears to have been about 34 feet square, the remainder
of the length having been since added. The structure was
of hemlock logs, and when repaired was found sound,
though supposed to have been built two hundred years ago.
At one time it was the residence of Robert Cutts, who died
in 1735, and whose daughter was the wife of the general.

THE OLD PEPPERELL HOUSE.

The name most known to fame from this town is that of
Pepperell. William Pepperell was a native of Ravistock
Parish, near Plymouth, Devon, England. When a boy he
was apprenticed to the captain of a fishing-schooner engaged
on the coast of New England and Newfoundland. At the
expiration of his term of service he came to the Isles of
Shoals at the age of twenty-two, and set up business for
himself. His education was limited, and his means barely
sufficient to start him in a business requiring but a small
investment of capital. He formed a copartnership with a
Mr. Gibbons, invested in fishing-boats and equipments,
which they let to others on shares, while they attended to
the curing and sale of the fish taken. They met with good
success, and extended their business. After three or four
years Mr. Gibbons became interested in the Waldo patent,
and their business connections were dissolved, and Pepperell
followed it alone. To repair his boats he had recourse to
a shipwright at Kittery Point by the name of John Bray,
whose daughter Margery he married after a persevering
courtship of three years. About the time of his marriage
he removed to the Point. Mr. Bray gave him the site of
the preseut Pepperell mansion, the southern portion of

 

which he built, and in which he lived and reared his
children,—two sons and six daughters.

Lady Pepperell, widow of Sir William, after the death
of her husband, built a house of more modern style than
the Pepperell mansion, near the old Congregational church,
where she lived with her daughter thirty years, till her
death, Nov. 25, 1789.

The house is now occupied by Miss Cutts, and, though
much out of repair, retains the air of having been finished
in the best style of the day. The old Pepperell house was
plain in architecture, but contained many rooms. The hall
was spacious and well furnished ; portraits adorned the walls,
a beautifully-kept lawn descended to the water, and an
avenue of trees led from it to the Sparhawk residence.
During the Revolutionary war it was used as barracks for
troops. It has been curtailed ten feet from each end, but
still presents ample proportions. It is now owned by
Charles Bellamy.

THE PEPPERELL TOMB.

Among the attractions to the visitor at the Point are the
Pepperell tomb, which contains all that is mortal of the
Pepperell family and many of their immediate descendants ;
the monument raised over it by Sir William, which he im-
ported from England, and upon which is chiseled the coat-
of-arms of his family; the Pepperell house; the mansion
of Lady Pepperell; the old Congregational church and
parsonage-house, in which is the study occupied by Dr.
Stevens from 1751 to 1791; the Sparhawk house and
Battery Hill, upon which Fort McClary stands, and from
which a charming view of ocean, island, city, and village is
obtained. :

THE SOLDIERS’ MONUMENT,
conspicuously located in Old Orchard Cemetery, shows how
the citizens respect the memory of those who fell in the
late struggle to perpetuate our national life.

THE WHIPPING-POST,

with which every town was required to be provided, stood
at Spruce Creek, near the Methodist meeting-house.

CHURCHES.
CONGREGATIONALIST.

There is but little record of the first religious work of the
town of Kittery in existence. Ata meeting held by the
town, or parish, Sept. 7, 1683, £50 were voted to be given
to Mr. John Emerson “ toward ye building of a house,” to
be paid in money, or other pay equivalent, namely, market-
able pine boards at 20s. per thousand feet; marketable
wheat at 4s. 6d. a bushel; peas at +s. a bushel; Indian
corn at 2s. 6d. a bushel; pork at 3d. per pound; boofe at
2d. a pound, to be delivered in Berwick. Tifteen acres of
land was granted the minister, to be laid out of the minis-
terial and school land by the meeting-house.

A meeting-house was built at Long Reach in 1708-9,
and a new one built in 1730. In 1712, £240 were assessed
by a general rate to support the ministry in three separate
sections of the town in equal proportions.

Previous to the year 1750 all the inhabitants living in
the lower part of Kittery towards the sea attended upon the
286 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

ministry of Mr. Newmarch. This was before the toll-
bridge across the Spruce Creek was built, its place being
occupied by a ferry, across which people were taken to and
from church without charge. But during this year a peti-
tion from sundry brethren, living at what was called Spruce
Creek, to be dismissed and formed into a new church, was
granted by the present church, and an amicable separation
effected, and on the 19th of September, 1750, a church
was organized by Rev. Ward Cotton, and the same day Rey.
Josiah Chase was ordained pastor. Mr. Chase remained
their minister twenty-eight years, till his death, which oc-
curred suddenly, Dec. 10, 1778. He was returning from
a funeral, in the evening, accompanied by neighbors, till
within sight of the light of his own dwelling, which he
struck across the fields to reach. In the morning he was
found drowned or frozen in the creek, into which it is
supposed he fell by losing his way. After his death
the church was destitute of preaching nearly four years,
when Rev. Joseph Littlefield was ordained, July, 1782.
He remained their minister till about the year 1827, when
age and infirmity disqualified him for the pulpit. He was
the last minister of this church, which lost its existence
about this time,—the house burning down, and the field
was occupied by another denomination.

Between the years 1725 and 1730 a small chapel was
erected near the Eliot line, about half a mile north of the
residence of Hon. Mark Dennett, in which service was held
for a few years. The Rev. John Eveleth, formerly of
Arundel, officiated. Prominent and influential among the
members and supporters of it were John Dennet and
Richard Gowell. Mr. Eveleth died here, Aug. 1, 1734, at
the age of sixty-five, and was buried on the farm of Samuel
Fernald, near the creek. This was an independent effort.

FIRST CONGREGATIONALIST CHURCH OF KITTERY

was formally organized Nov. 4, 1714, and the Rev. John
Newmarch was ordained pastor. Mr. Newmarch graduated
from Harvard in 1690. He came into town in 1695,
married here, and had land granted him as minister of the
town. The church at its formation consisted of 43 mem-
bers,—18 males and 25 females. The male members were
John Newmarch, William Pepperell, Elihu Gunnison, John
Dennet, Henry Barter, John Fernald, Ebenezer Emons,
Joseph Mitchell, John Ingersoll, Samuel Skillin, Samuel
Hutchins, John Adams, James Fernald, Dodavah Curtiss,
Thomas Rice, George Jackson, John Ford, and Samuel
Ford. Henry Barter and John Fernald were the first
deacons. April 2, 1731, Joseph Gunnison and Samuel
Lunt were chosen deacons. By will of Col. Wm. Pepper-
ell, the church was given £60 to be laid out in the purchase
of plate for the use of the church. Mr. Newmarch, be-
coming feeble through age, in 1750 asked assistance in the
ministry, and May 1, 1751, Benjamin Stevens was ordained
as colleague pastor. Mr. Newmarch then relinquished his
ministerial labors of more than fifty-five years in town, and
died Jan. 15, 1754, aged eighty-one, ripe and full of years
and much respected by his people. He was buried in an
oak grove near the present Methodist meeting-house.
Plain marble tombstones, erected by those who respect
his memory, mark the place of his repose.

 

Mr. Stevens maintained a pastorate of forty years, dying
suddenly May 17,1791. Sir William Pepperell left the
church a bequest of £10, which Lady Pepperell, as his
executrix, laid out in a christening basin. The Hon. Rich-
ard Cutts was appointed to receive the basin in behalf of
the church, Feb. 29,1760. Mrs. Turrell, of Medford, left
a legacy to the parish to purchase a sacramental cup, for
which Deacon Joseph Gunnison receipted Aug. 5, 1765.
The Rev. Jonas Hartwell succeeded Dr. Stevens in 1792,
but was dismissed for unchristian conduct and practices in
May, 1798. In December of the same year the Rev.
William Briggs was ordained. At his dismission, in 1814,
not a male member remained, and but few females. For
nearly five years previous to his dismission the Lord’s
Supper was seldom administered, and then females served
the table. The church was destitute two or three years
succeeding, when the Rev. John Dutton was hired for a
year and nine months, then again destitute till December,
1819, when Stephen Merrill, under a commission from the
Maine Missionary Society, preached six weeks, after which
he tarried a year or more by request. A revival attended
his labors and some were added to the church, which had
become reduced to but one resident member, Mrs. Bellamy.
Several were admitted to the church. Mr. Merrill was
ordained pastor June 20, 1821, and under his guidance
the church revived again. At his own request he was
dismissed Oct. 21, 1831. They were destitute till Oct.
29, 1837, when Mr. Tobias R. Miller was invited to
become their pastor. He was accordingly ordained Nov.
21, 1838, and preached for them two years, when he left
on a mission to solicit aid to repair the meeting-house.
Through his efforts some four or five hundred dollars were
raised, and the house repaired. The committee for this
purpose were Mr. Miller, Oliver Cutts, and Deacon Charles
Duncan. It was rededicated June, 1840; sermon by T. H.
Miller. Mr. Miller was dismissed Jan. 26, 1811, and the
following day Reuben Kimball was ordained. Mr. Kimball
remained pastor till Jan. 9, 1850, when he was dismissed,
and Albert William Fiske installed July 18,1850. He
remained till April 1, 1857, when he was dismissed at his
own request. William A. Forbes supplied ten months, fol-
lowed by Rev. Samuel H. Partridge for a time. In Sep-
tember, 1859, Rev. M. C. Bartley commenced his labors,
and remained till his death, June 2, 1860. The Rev.
William A. Forbes returned Oct. 1, 1860, and continued
till Oct. 1, 1863, when his health compelled him to resign.
The Rev. Thomas L. Ellis began a ministry November,
1863, which closed April, 1868. During the summer the
pulpit was transiently supplied by the Baptist and Metho-
dist ministers of the neighborhood. In the autumn of
1868 Rev. Samuel S. Drake began his labors as stated sup-
ply. There has been no settled minister since his departure.
Membership, 28. The present parsonage was built 1729,
and the first meeting-house, 1731. The records mention
that in July, 1669, it was voted in town-meeting to lay out
150 acres of land in each of the three divisions of the town,
which, if they were so called by settlements, were at Kit-
tery Point, Eliot (then called Sturgeon Creek), and South
Berwick (then known as Newichawanick, or Quamphe-
gan),
TOWN OF KITTERY. 287

 

FREE-WILL BAPTIST CHURCH AT KITTERY POINT

was organized at the house of Mrs. Susanna Fowler, Nov.
10, 1827, by Elder Henry Hobbs, with a membership of
12. They worshiped in Brave Boat Harbor school-house
till the erection of their meeting-house in 1828. It was
dedicated December, 1829, and Elder Nathaniel Thurston
chosen pastor. Nathaniel Milton became pastor in 1835,
and remained two years; then Luther Perry was with them
during 1837; Carlton Swan was pastor, 1839-40; J. J.
Weatherbee, 1843; Almon Libby, 1848; Francis P. New-
all, 1849 ; Seth W. Perkins, 1853; A. Libby, 1856; Chas.
Hurlen, 1858 ; James Austin, 1859 ; Lowell Parker, 1860;
Eli B. Fernald, 1861; Benj. 8. Manson to April, 1871.
F. W. Towne, present pastor. Their first Sunday-school
was held in 1829, but was not regularly organized till
1842. Now there is a flourishing school of 190 scholars.
The first deacons were Darius Frisbee and Solomon Wil-
liams. Present membership of the church, 101.

THE FIRST METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH

of this town arose from the ashes of the Congregational
Church of Spruce Creek. The Rev. Joseph Littlefield, the
last minister there, enfeebled by age, invited Paschal P.
Morrill, a preacher of the Methodist persuasion, to assist
him in his ministrations in 1827, and counseled his peo-
ple to aid in his support. Mr. Morrill labored with accept-
ance during the year, and was succeeded by John W. Atkins,
for the years 1828-29.

The first class was formed in 1827 under Mr. Morrill’s
ministry, and consisted of 14 members, viz., Gowen Wil-
son, Nancy Wilson, Wm. W. Fernald, Waite Fernald, Mary
Cutts, Julia Fernald, Thomas Manson, Alzira Johnson,
Susan Pettigrew, Hannah Caswell, Abigail Pickernale,
Susan Haley, Robert Cutts, and Hannah Cutts. Gowen
Wilson was the first class-leader,—a position he occupied
with great faithfulness for more than twenty-five years.
After him John Goodsoe was appointed leader. The first
meetings of the society were held in the old Congregational
meeting-house, till about the time of its destruction by fire.
In the summer of 1835 the present house was built under the
supervision and through the influence of Hon. Gowen Wil-
son, Wm. W. Fernald, and Samuel Fernald. It was erected
on contract by John W. Goodwin, of York. The dedica-
tion services were held Nov. 24, 1835, by Rev. Mr. Per-
kins, of Dover, N. H. Getting out of repair, it was re-
modeled and improved, 1857-58. The expense of building
was met by assessment upon the pew-holders. The parson-
age was built in 1842. nlarged and repaired in 1863,
and enlarged again in 1871. The old Congregational
meeting-house stood on the east side of Spruce Creek, at
the forks of the road next east of present meeting-house,
where its foundation may yet be seen. Present member-
ship, 74. The church property is valued at about $2500.
Pastor, supplied.

SECOND METHODIST EPISCOPAL SOCIETY.

The Second Methodist Episcopal Church of Kittery was
organized Oct. 24, 1866. The society formally organized
Nov. 20, 1866, and appointed the following-named persons
as trustees: Howard Paul, Alex. Dennett, John Goodsoe,

 

Chas. H. Bartlett, and Theodore Keen. The lot for a
meeting-house and parsonage was donated by Dr. Charles
Chase, of Boston. Membership at organization 33, who
were transferred from Spruce Creek Society. They were
supplied in 1867 by Rev. N. D. Adams. In the year 1868
a neat church edifice was erected, and dedicated December
31st. Conference sent them as pastor in charge Rev. W.
H. H. Pillsbury, who remained two years. In 1870, Rev.
A. W. Pottle became pastor. The value of church prop-
erty is $10,000. The parsonage contemplated has not
been built. Membership, 59. First and only class-leader,
John Goodsoe. Pastor, Rev. William W. Baldwin.

FIRST CHRISTIAN CHURCH OF KITTERY

called its society meetings, according to its records, in the
name of the First Baptist Society of Kittery till Jan. 19,
1842, when, by a vote of the society, it was changed to its
present name. When application was made to the General
Court to be incorporated as the First Christian Society, the
name was objected to on the ground that all religious so-
cieties were Christian. Hence their application was granted
under the name of the First Baptist.

A church organization was effected Nov. 20, 1806, under
the countenance of Elder Ephraim Stinchfield and Moses
Safford, with a membership of 14. The first church was
built in 1807, on the road leading from York to Kittery,
by way of Brave Boat Harbor. At first it was without
pews. The first mention on record of the sale of pews was
July 24, 1812, in which year an addition was made to the
meeting-house. Moses Safford became pastor soon after
the church was gathered, and was dismissed April 27, 1815.
The same year Elder Mark Fernald was chosen pastor, and
maintained that relation till his death, Dec. 30,1851. He
preached his last sermon November 2d of that year. Elder
Mark Fernald was born in town March 9, 1784, was con-
verted Dec. 6, 1807, ordained to the ministry in York,
Sept. 20,1809. During his ministry the church prospered
so that in 1842 a new church edifice was contracted for,
50 by 37 feet, to cost $929, and to be completed the 20th
of July. Benjamin Norton, of Portsmouth, was the
builder. The church lot was bought of M. B. Moore for
$50. The house was dedicated July 28, 1842, by Elder
Shaw. Burned in 1849. Rebuilt during the year, and
dedicated by Elder G. M. Payne, Jan. 26, 1850. After
the death of Elder Fernald, Elder Payne took the pastoral
care of the church, June 24, 1852. Various preachers
filled the pulpit during that year. Elder 8. S. White
preached about a year. Elder Appleton W. Reed preached
his first sermon to this people June 5, 1853. Elder J. H.
Rowell, April 22, 1855. Elder Payne, who had assumed
the pastoral care of the church in 1852, was dismissed from
this relation July 26, 1856. Elder Rowell remained till
April 26,1863. Thomas G. Moses was ordained June 24,
1863, and resigned April 10,1866. Elder G. M. Payne
supplied from Nov. 4, 1866, to Nov. 3, 1867. The next
two years there was no stated preaching. March 29, 1869,
Elder Cottle began a ministry which terminated in the fall
of 1870. Present pastor, Rev. James H. Rowell. The
first deacon of this church was Pelatiah Fernald, who died
Oct. 12, 1849, aged seventy-eight. Present membership, 147.
288 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

SECOND CHRISTIAN CHURCH OF KITTERY

was organized May 25, 1843. In 1837 the meeting-house
was built, and dedicated in the summer of that year, and
Elder George M. Payne became their first minister, and
served them in this capacity for about fourteen years.
Membership at organization, 26. May 31, 1862, Elder
Lewis Phillips commenced a pastorate, which he resigned
October, 1868. From April 4, 1869, to March 27, 1870,
Hilder John A. Goss supplied the pulpit. Elder S. A.
Hutchinson followed, April 3, 1870, to 1878. Present,
vacant. Their deacons have been Maj. Mark Dennet,
Joseph Graves, Alex. Graves, Richard Williams, and
Joseph Cox.
Present membership, about 100.

FIRST UNIVERSALIST SOCIETY OF KITTERY

was formed May 30, 1870, under the supply of Rev. Geo.
W. Bicknell, of Portsmouth. It embraces about thirty-five
families. The Sabbath-school was organized June 3d of
the same year. The church was organized Oct. 9, 1870.
A lot was donated by Dr. Robert M. Otis, and a house for
worship erected during the summer of 1871, and September
3d following it was dedicated. Membership, 15. Youngest
of the churches in town, its prospects are bright and flat-

tering. There is no settled pastor at present.

SCHOOLS.

Eugene Lynch was elected a schoolmaster in 1817. The
next year the selectmen were instructed “ to call ye town
together when ye schoolmaster comes.” John Stuart taught
the town school in 1720, and Benjamin Rolfe in 1728, at
£60 a year.

The present district system was adopted in 1820. There
are now in the town three high schools, with an average
attendance of 54 scholars. Five hundred dollars were
appropriated for their support by the town in 1878.

The town is divided into ten common-school districts,
and contains eleven school-houses, valued at $17,000, with
their grounds and apparatus.

There are within the town 1020 school children, 650 of
whom were registered at school in 1878. The town appro-
priation for that year was $2700.

KITTERY FREE LIBRARY.

In 1868, Miss Arabella Rice left by bequest a sum of
$30,000 to found a library, to be known as the Rick Free
Pustic Lisrary. The town provided rooms in the Odd-
Fellows’ Block, Kittery village, and the library, comprising
1030 volumes, was opened to the public in 1877. Trus-
tees, Daniel Austin, President; Ichabod Goodwin, Vice-
President; W. H. Y. Haskett, Treasurer; William H.
Haskett, Secretary; John Wentworth, Ephraim O. Spin-
ney, Directors. A fine catalogue has been published, and
the library is liberally patronized, though the selection of
books is not yet completed.

PROMINENT MEN.

William Pepperell, the elder, was made a justice of the
peace in 1690, and held the office till 1725. In 1715 he
was appointed one of the judges of the Court of Common

 

Pleas, and served on the bench many years, his son William
acting as his clerk. At the formation of the Congregational

‘Church he was one of the original members, and during

his life was a firm and able supporter. He died 1734. He
had command of the fort at the Point, with rank of captain,
and also of the militia, and before his death had risen to
the rank of lieutenant-colonel. His wife survived him a
few years. The old Pepperell fort was built about 1700,
and was probably a defense erected by private enterprise,
though it may have been garrisoned by soldiers in the pay
of the colony during Indian alarms.

Sir William Pepperell, second son of William, the elder,
was born June 27, 1696, and married Mary Hirst, March
16, 1723, by whom he had four children,—Elizabeth, born
Dec. 29, 1723; Andrew, born Jan. 4, 1726; William, born
May 26, 1729, died the following February; and Margery,
born Sept. 4, 1732, died in infancy. His two children who
survived were well educated. Andrew graduated with the
honors of Harvard at the age of nineteen, and became as-
sociated with his father in business. Though engaged to a
Miss Waldo, he never married, and died Feb. 1, 1751, aged
twenty-six. Elizabeth, the daughter, married Nathaniel
Sparhawk, May 1, 1742, and resided at the Point, near her
father; and the place still goes by the name of the Spar-
hawk place. Sir William was early trained to business
habits in the counting-house of his father, whose clerk he
was from a very small boy. The wealth and importance
of the firm were recognized in all the commercial circles of
the Continent, and the large and varied transactions in
which it engaged made it known in Europe. Contracts to
build vessels for foreign merchants were taken, as well as
for supplies of stores to meet government needs. They
maintained a large fishing-fleet, having sometimes as many
as a hundred on the banks taking fish for the markets of
Europe and the West Indies. Sir William was commis-
sioned justice of the peace and captain of a company of
cavalry as soon he arrived at majority. Soon he rose to
major and lieutenant-colonel, and at thirty was made colonel,
which gave him command of all the Maine militia. He
was chosen representative from Kittery 1726 and 1727,
councilor to the government at Boston, which appointment
was renewed thirty-two successive years; eighteen of them
he served as president of the board. In 1730, Governor
Belcher appointed him chief justice of the Court of Common
Pleas, which position he filled till his death, 1759.

In March, 1774, war was declared between France and
England. The works at Louisbourg had been twenty-four
years in building, had cost France six millions of dollars, and
were deemed impregnable. The project of capturing them
was conceived by the provincials, and Pepperell intrusted with
the command of the expedition. Pepperell was personally
known, highly popular, and the forces, consisting of 4300
men, were raised in eight weeks. A landing was effected
May 1, 1745, and the place capitulated June 19th follow-
ing. ‘For this success he was knighted. Visiting England,
he was received with great consideration. After his mar-
riage he built the northern portion of the Pepperell house,
at the Point, where he resided till his death. After his
return from Europe, loaded with honors and titles, his walls
were hung with costly mirrors and paintings, his sideboards
TOWN OF KITTERY. 289

 

creaked with silver, his cellars were filled with choice wines,
his park was stocked with deer, he kept a retinue of ser-
vants, and maintained a costly equipage. A splendid barge,
manned with a black crew, dressed in uniform, bore him
across the waters of the creeks and harbor, where he willed
to go, in truly baronial style. In ‘1756 he was commis-
sioned lieutenant-general, and upon Pitt’s accession to the
ministry he was commissioned lieutenant-general in the royal
army,—an honor never previously conferred upon a native
of America. In his business transactions he dealt largely
in real estate, and acquired immense landed estates. These
he mostly devised to his grandson, William Sparhawk, upon
condition he assumed the name of Pepperell when he should
arrive at the age of twenty-one. When the troubles with
the mother-country came on his heirs remained loyal to the
crown, and left the country and the vast estates acquired
by father and son, though more than fifty years of success-
ful business were swept away by the confiscation act of
1778. To Lady Pepperell and her daughter, Mrs. Spar-
hawk, the baronet had devised a life interest in the Saco
lands. In exchange for this right the State assigned them,
as absolute property, two-ninths of them. The plate be-
longing to Sir William was bequeathed to his grandson and
heir, and allowed to be taken out of the country under the
confiscation act. Col. Moulton, with six soldiers, guarded
its conveyance to Boston, whence it was shipped to England.

Andrew, the oldest son of William and Margery Pepper-
ell, was born July 1, 1681, and was taken into partnership
with his father, whose business had become very extensive.
He married, in 1707, a daughter of Robert Eliot, Esq., and
resided in New Castle, where he died in 1713. He had
two children—Sarah, who married Charles Frost, and
Margery, William Wentworth. His widow married Charles
Frost, father of the one who married the daughter.

Mary, the eldest daughter, was born Sept. 5, 1685;
married Hon. John Frost, by whom she had sixteen chil-
dren; eleven of them reached maturity. After Mr. Frost’s
death she married Rev. Benjamin Coleman, D.D., and then
Rev. Benjamin Prescott, of Danvers, Mass. She died
1766, aged eighty. Margery, the next daughter, was born
1689; married Pelatiah Whitemore for her first husband,
by whom she had four children. He was lost near the Isles
of Shoals. She afterwards married Elisha Gunnison, judge
of the Court of Common Pleas, who resided at the Point.

Joanua, the next daughter, was born June 22, 1692;
married Dr. George Jackson, had six daughters, and died
1725. Miriam was born Sept. 3, 1694, and married
Andrew Tyler, a merchant of Boston; had two sons and
three daughters. Dorothy, born July 23, 1698, married
Andrew Watkins, who commanded one of her father’s
ships, by whom she had two sons, Andrew and John. Her
second husband was Hon. John Newmarch,

Jane was born 1701; married for her husband, Benjamin
Clark, by whom she had two sons, Benjamin and William.
Her second husband was William Tyler, brother of Andrew,
of Boston. After the death of his son Andrew, the firm-
name remained the same, and William, the youngest and only
remaining son, was admitted toa partnership in the business.

William Pepperell Sparhawk, son of Hon. Nathaniel
Sparhawk, was adopted by Sir William Pepperell, as his

37

 

heir, after the death of his only son, Andrew. He was
educated in the best manner, and graduated at Cambridge,
1766. He married Elizabeth, daughter of Hon. Isaac
Rozell, of Medford. He was chosen a member of the
Governor's Council, and in October, 1774, succeeded to his
grandfather's title of baronet, as well as to a large portion
of his estates. When the council was organized by act of
Parliament under the mandamus of the king, he was con-
tinued a member, which incurred the odium resting upon
other councilors thus appointed contrary to the charter.
The people of his own county, at a public meeting held in
Wells, Nov. 16, 1774, passed resolutions of censure and
condemnation, and refused to take leases of farms or mills
of him until he resigned his seat. Denounced by neigh-
bors and friends, he retired to Boston, and sailed for Kng-
land, 1775. On his way out his wife died of smallpox,
and was buried at Halifax. In 1778 he was proscribed
and banished, and his vast inheritance confiscated. He was
kindly received in England, and allowed by the British
government an annuity of £500. This, with the wreck of
his fortune and a small plantation in Surinam, gave him a
comfortable support. He died in London, 1816. His only
son died unmarried in 1809.

Samuel Hirst Sparhawk, another son, graduated at Har-
vard, 1771. He, with his brothers, Nathaniel, William,
and Andrew, became a refugee in England. He returned,
and died in Kittery, Aug. 29, 1789, aged thirty-eight.

John Cutts was the first president of the New Hampshire
council after the separation from Massachusetts in 1679.
In 1660, he and his brother Richard were the largest land-
holders in Portsmouth. Madam Ursula Cutts, second wife
of President John Cutts, was killed by the Indians in 1694.

Robert Cutts was successful in his business projects ; was
appointed a magistrate by the king's commissioners in
1665, and at his death, in 1672, he left a fine estate to his
son Richard, father to Deacon Richard Cutts. The deacon
was born 1693, and married Eunice Curtis in 1720. They
had ten children. The youngest, Col. Thomas Cutts, removed
to Saco while a young man, about 1758, and became a
prominent and successful merchant. Mary Cutts, of Cutts’
Island, married Charles Chauncy in 1756; died in 1758,
leaving no children. In 1760, Mr. Chauncy married Joanna
Gerrish, daughter of the proprietor of Gerrish Island.

Edward Cutts and Charles Chauncy were chosen to rep-
resent the town in the Provincial Congress of 1775.

Capt. Joseph Cutts, another descendant of the honorable
Cutts family, was a patriotic and public-spirited citizen, and
engaged in an extensive business, which was ruined by the
embargo act of 1807 and the war of 1812. He died
July 5, 1861, aged ninety-seven, This family has always
maintained a respectable standing, and furnished many
prominent and useful members to the community.

James Emery, Sr., was the first representative to the Gen-
eral Court from this town.

Gen. William Whipple, a signer of the Declaration of
Independence, was born in Kittery in 1730. Before reach-
ing the age of twenty-one he was intrusted with the com-
mand of a vessel, and made successful voyages to Europe,
the West Indies, and the coast of Africa, from which he
brought dark living freight.
290 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

John Dennett was an emigrant from England between
1660 and 1670, and settled at Portsmouth. Two genera-
tions of Johns followed, the last of whom had a son Wil-
liam, who was the father of the present Hon. Mark Dennett

John Dennett was constable in 1707, and selectman in
1710. His son John was selectman of the town from 1748
to 1769, except for the years 1757 and 1758, and was repre-
sentative to General Court at Boston for 1750 and 1751.
The Hon. Mark was teacher of the first grammar school in
town, and representative to the General Court at Boston
from 1814 to 1819, and under the new State he was one
of the first representatives.

The farm now occupied by John and his son was pur-
chased by his great-great-grandfather of Isaac and Christian
Remick, in 1698. The house in which he lives was built
by his great-grandfather, and he has lived here for ninety-
three years. He still possesses a strong and vigorous mind,
and wields an important influence among his townsmen.

Mark Adams was for more than twenty years represen-
tative of Kittery to Massachusetts Legislature. He is re-
membered as sculling across the river Sundays, wearing his
three-cornered hat, to attend the ministrations of Dr. Buck-
minster, of Portsmouth. He died about 1820, leaving three
sons,—Mark, John, and Christopher.

The Hon. Gowen Wilson was a descendant of one of the
first settlers. His ancestor, whose name he bears, was one
of those who signed the articles of submission to Massachu-
setts in 1652.

Joshua T. Chase was a man of note, and enjoyed the con-
fidence and suffrages of the inhabitants for representative to
Boston for the seven successive years previous to separation,
and the nine next after it.

Master William Badger was a noted ship-builder. He
launched from a small island in the river which has taken
his name. Here he built a hundred ships during his life,
giving his name to the hundredth; and here his remains
lie buried. Samuel Badger also followed the business ;
built forty-five vessels, and died Sept. 27, 1857, aged
sixty-three.

REPRESENTATIVES IN THE GENERAL COURT.

James Emery, 1693; Benjamin Mason, William Goodden, Nicholas
Morrell, John Geer, John Spinney, Rowland Williams, 1694, at
York; Lieut. John Shapleigh, 1695-96; William Pepperell,
1696-97; Richard Cutts, 1698; Lieut. Richard Briar, 1701-2;
Samuel Winkley, 1702-3; Jobn Leighton, 1703-4; Maj. Joseph
Hammond, 1706; William Pepperell, 1708; Nicholas Gowen,
1709; Joseph Hammond, 1711-13; Capt. John Leighton, 1714;
Joseph Hammond, 1715-17; Charles Frost, 1718; Capt. William
Pepperell, 1719 ; John Dennett, 1720-21; Richard Gowell, 1723;
William Pepperell, 1724; Nicholas Shapleigh, 1725; William
Pepperell, 1726; Capt. Stephen Eastwick, 1727-28; Richard
Cutts, 1729 ; Tobias Leighton, 1730; Withery Berry, 1731; Capt.
Nicholas Shapleigh, 1732; Richard Cutts, Jr., 1734-39 ;} William
Pepperell, 1742; Tobias Leighton, 1743; Nathaniel Sparhawk,
1746; Simon Frost, 1747-49; John Dennett, 1750-51; Richard
Cutt, 1752; Nathaniel Sparhawk, 1753-55; James Gowen, 1756;
Nathaniel Sparhawk, 1757; Daniel Emery, 1758; Nathaniel
Sparhawk, 1759; Capt. James Gowen, 1760-63 ; Benjamin Parker,
1764; James Gowen, 1765-66 ; Nathaniel Sparhawk, 1767 ; James
Gowen, 1768-70 ;* Edward Cutts, 1771-76 ;f John Frost, 1777;

 

% Elected a member of the council, and not replaced by a new elec-
tion that year.
t Congress, 1775, Charles Cheney, and Edward Cutts.

 

Caleb Emery, 1778; Edward Cutts, John Frost, 1779; John Frost,
1780-81 ; Charles Cheney, 1782; John H. Bartlett, 1783-84};
Joshua Hubbard, 1785-87; Mark Adams, 1788-90; George
Thatcher, 1791; Mark Adams, 1792-98; Col. Andrew P. Fernald,
1799-1800; Mark Adams, 1801-5; Mark Adams, Nathaniel
Staples, William T. Gerrish, 1806; Alexander Rice, 1807-8;
Mark Adams, Samuel Leighton, William T. Gerrish, 1809; Mark
Adams, William T. Gerrish, 1810-12; Mark Adams, Joshua T.
Chase, 1813; Joshua T. Chase, Mark Dennett, 1814-19.

ASSOCIATIONS.
INDEPENDENT ORDER OF ODD-FELLOWS.

Riverside Lodge, No. 72, was instituted Aug. 21, 1873,
with 11 charter members. The first officers were C. Chick-
ering, N. G.; George Manent, V.G.; F. L. Bary, Sec. ;
William W. Locke, Treas.; Jacob Joy, W.; Daniel P.
Riley, C.; S. A. Jackson, R.S.S.; O. B. Moody, L.8.8.;
Richard Williams, Chaplain. The officers, November, 1879,
were OC. W. Eaton, N. G.; C. W. Gatchell, V. G.; E. L.
Hayes, Sec.; W. M. Otis, P. Sec.; Theo. Wilcox, Treas. ;
A. Jackson, W.S8.; A. Walker, C. C.; Shadrach Little-
field, Chaplain.

Dirigo Encampment, No. 7, was instituted March 17,
1874, with 10 charter members. The first officers were
George Manent, C. P.; Albert H. Purington, H. P.;
George O. Wilson, 8. W.; Augustus Stevenson, Scribe;
William W. Locke, Treas.; Daniel P. Riley, J. W.; 8. A.

- Jackson, O.8.S.; E. H. Schmidt, I.8.8.; C. L. Hayes, G.

The present officers are Henry W. Taylor, C. P.; C.
Chickering, H. P.; Theo. Wilcox, S. W.; George O. Wil-
son, Scribe; John Gottermeyer, Treas.

Daughters of Rebecca, instituted Oct. 6, 1874, with 38
members. The first officers were C. Chickering, N. G.;
Lizzie Getchell, V.G.; B. 8. Goodspeed, Sec.; Octavia
Remick, Treas.; Jane A. Patch, Chaplain. The present
officers are Martha Bowdish, N. G.; Sarah Parker, V. G.;
Annie E. Wilson, Sec.; Jennie Chickering, F'. Sec.; Clara
Otis, Treas.; Jennie Joy, W.; Jane A. Patch, Chaplain.
Membership, 121.

MASONS.

The first stated meeting of Naval Lodge, F. A. M., was
held July 20, 1879, with 25 charter members. The first
and present officers are, W. M., William W. Locke; 8S. W.,
Moses A. Safford; J. W., E. C. Nealey; Treas., Theo.
Wilcox; Sec., L. L. Goodrich; 8. D., E. A. Duncan; J.
D., Samuel Taylor; 8. 8., S. H. Williams; Tyler, John
Gottermeyer.

K. 0. T. M.

York Tent, No. 159.—This Lodge was instituted Nov.
25, 1879, with 23 charter members. Its first and present
officers are Ex. Sir Kt. Gen. Com., George O. Wilson ;
Sir Kt. Com., C. W. Gatchell; Sir Kt. Lieut.-Com., W.
8. Jackson; Sir Kt. Prelate, G. O. Chapman; Sir Kt.
R. K., D. E. Hill; Sir Kt. F. K., M. D. Moore; Sir Kt.
Sergeant, John Gottermeyer; Sir Kt. Master-at-Arms,
Walter Ball; Sir Kt. First Master of the Guard, H. R.
Paul; Sir Kt. Second Master of the Guard, John Ball;
Sentinel, HE. A. Abrams; Sir Kt. Picket, ©. 8. Hobbs.

 

{In 1820, Dennett and Chase, both Democrats, ran against each
other for the new Maine Legislature, and each received sixty-two
votes; a late voter cast his vote for Mr. Dennett, after the count, and
he was declared elected.
‘awl “09 "ho, ‘noyMvag ‘FHOOW ‘OID 70 FNFOISIY

   

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BERWICK.

 

GENERAL DESCRIPTION.

THE town of Berwick was originally the northern part
of the ancient town of Kittery, and was known prior to its
incorporation as the parish of Unity and precinct of Ber-
wick. The southern part was incorporated as the parish of
Unity in 1673.* In 1713 it was incorporated as a town,
under the name of Berwick. The whole of Berwick, North
Berwick, and South Berwick, except a small portion of
York, which was annexed in 1834, were included within
its bounds in 1720, at which time it extended eight miles
above Quampeagan to Stair Falls, the line thence running
from the river northeast by east eight miles, two hundred
and ninety-eight rods, to Bonny Beag Pond; and south-
east to Baker’s spring and rock, at the boundary between
the towns of York and Kittery. South Berwick was taken
from the south side, in 1814, and North Berwick from the
‘northwest, in 1831. The western side, which borders on
New Hampshire, was bounded by the Salmon Falls River,
upon which Stair Falls, at the northern boundary, Great
Falls, four miles below, the Falls, at the mouth of Little
and Worcester Rivers, Salmon and Quampeagan Falls, were
valuable water-powers, wholly or in part within its bounds.
The last named are a succession of ripples a mile in extent,
washed by the tide nearly to their head. Great Works
River, rising in Bonny Beag Pond, at the west of the old
town, runs through the town to the south, then turning to
the east, after a passage of thirty miles through a magnifi-
cent forest, discharges its waters into the Newichawannock
River, fourteen miles from the sea, at the head of navi-
gation.

The Boston and Maine, the Portsmouth, Saco and Port-
land Railroads, run through the southern part of the pres-
ent town; and the Portsmouth Great Falls and Conway
Railroad, and the Great Falls branch, run within a few rods
of the town line, on the western side, giving to it superior
railroad facilities.

Salmon Falls River, which constitutes the western boun-
dary, is one of the best and most reliable streams in the
county, but is chiefly used by the Great Falls and Salmon
Falls Manufacturing Companies, whose mills are on the
New Hampshire side. Little River and Worster’s River
afford a large supply of water, on which are several good
mill-sites.

The present town contains an area of 1371 acres, about
one-half of which is improved. It is bounded on the north
by Lebanon, on the east by North Berwick, on the south
by South Berwick, and on the west by the towns of Roch-
ester, Somersworth, and Rollingsford, in Strafford Co., N. H.

 

* Sullivan, pp. 243-46.

 

SETTLEMENT.

Settlement is supposed to have been commenced as early
as 1624 by Humphrey Chadbourne, Gibbins, and others, as
mention is made of them in 1631 as settled at Quampeagan
Falls seven years previous, and also of men whose sur-
names were Frost; Heard, Shapleigh, Chadbourne, Spencer,
Broughton, Leader, Plaisted, and Wincoln.t

Messrs’ Chadourne and Gibbins were, with five others,
connected with Walter Neal, agent for Mason and Gorges,
at Piscataqua, in the manufacture of salt, fishing, lumbering,
and farming.

In 1643, Humphrey Chadbourne purchased of the saga-
more Rowles a part of the land on which the village of
Berwick now stands. This was the first Indian deed re-
corded in the county. Mr. Spencer also purchased of the
same sagamore a tract on the banks of the Newichawannock,
and north of Great Works River. George Broughton the
same year obtained lands of the sagamores between Spen-
cer’s and Salmon Falls, where Broughton and Wincoll had
lands granted by the town of Kittery on condition of erecting
a mill. The lands above were held under proprietary grants.

The Indian, Rowles, was a sagamore of some celebrity,
and chief over all the Indians along the river to its mouth.
His dwelling-place was on the eastern side of Great Works
River, near the Falls. In 1670, when overcome by age and
sickness, he sent a messenger for some of the principal men
of the town, and requested that a few hundred acres of land
might be marked out for the children of his tribe, and the
act recorded in the town-book, that they might not be beg-
gars in the land of their birth when he was gone.

In 1650 the following grant of land was made to Rich-
ard Leader, who had been elected a councilor of the prov-
ince in 1646:

“ Whereas, at u court held at Kittery, on the 11th day of March,
1650, Mr. Richard Leader made certain propositions for the erection
of mills at Newichawannock, it is ordered therefore by this court and
the consent of the county, that the aforesaid Richard Leader, his heirs
and assigns, shall have the sole property and privilege of the little
river at Newichawannock, commonly called or known by that name,
to erect a mill or mills upon the river aforesaid, together with like
property and liberty of all such timber as is not yet appropriated to
any town or person.”

Mr. Leader erected a mill, which contained eighteen sep-
arate saws moved by one wheel, on Little Newhichawan-
nock River, at Assabumbadock Falls. This gave the name
of Great Works to the place, which became afterwards the
name of the river. Mills were also erected at Salmon and
Quampeagan Falls. Lumbering was carried on extensively,
but settlement and agriculture made little progress, owing
to the rigors of the winters and scarcity of provisions.

 

ft Spelled by himself in his signatures on Kittery books Wincoll,
291
292 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

In 1660 the settlement became the refuge for the perse-
cuted Friends, or “ Quakers,” and received the especial
attention of the town authorities of Kittery, who used
every effort to crush out the opposition to the established
church.

Newichawannock was organized as the parish of Unity
in 1673, but still remained a part of the town of Kittery.

Michael Rhoades was a citizen of the town as early as
1690. His grandson, Miles Rhoades, died in Kennebunk-
port during the Revolutionary war.

The oldest daughter of Nicholas Frost was born in Ber-
wick in 1632. She was married to William Leighton in
1655. Ten acres of land were granted to Daniel Goodwin,
grandfather of Thomas Goodwin, April 28, 1656. Among
the other early inhabitants of the town are the following per-
sons, who were residents at the date set opposite their names:
Anthony Emery, 1652 ; Theodius Redden, 1653; Richard
Tozer, John Tyler, Benoni Hodsdon, Andrew Searl, 1665 ;
Roger Plaisted, Thomas Weeks, 1671; Thomas Wells,
1672; Little Hill, Thomas Spencer, Christopher Mitchell,
Alexander Ferguson, 1673; James Plaisted, Christopher
Adams, Capt. William Fernald, 1682; Patrick Gowen,
Surveyor, 1685; Moses Goodwin, Daniel Furbish, Job
Emery, Nicholas Tucker, Richard King, 1694; Richard
Rogers, John Spinney, John “ Finex,” Miles Thompson,
Nicholas Morrill, Moses Goodwin, Thomas Deering, Joseph
Couch, 1699; “ Black Will, Jr.,” a negro, Philip Hubert,
Ichabod Plaisted, 1703.

In 1652 a road was laid out from the Lower Falls, now
South Berwick village, to the Great Falls, and thence
through the town to Pine Hill and Cranberry Meadow, past
the lands of John and Samuel Falls, John Connor, Ichabod
Tibbetts, Tristram Heard, John Horsman, and Benjamin
Stanton. Humphrey Chadbourne had a lodging-camp
near the north corner of the town, above the Falls, in
1659-60.

James Barnard bought land joining Richard Tozer about
1662. This land he afterwards sold to his brother, Ben-
jamin Barnard, in 1685.

KING PHILIP’S WAR.

At the outbreak of the Indian war, in 1675, Berwick
was a frontier town, whose few inhabitants were engaged in
hunting, fishing, and the manufacture of lumber. Farm-
ing was hard, and so uncertain in its products as not to be
safe as a sole dependence. From the settlements along the
river, all to the north was an unbroken wilderness, the
home and hunting-grounds of the natives, whose savage
arts easily supplied their few wants. Their sudden on-
slaught found the settlers unprepared and unsuspecting.
The first notice of war was the savage attack upon the
dwelling-house of John Tozer, Sept. 24, 1675. This house
stood a hundred and fifty rods above the mills and garrison
at Salmon Falls. Mr. Tozer had gone with sixteen other
men, under the command of Capt. Wincoln, to defend the
distressed inhabitants of Saco, and left his house with fif-
teen persons, women and children, unguarded. The attack
was led by Andrew, of Saco, and Hopehood, of Kennebec,
two of the fiercest warriors of the tribe. Their approach
was first discovered by a young girl of eighteen years, who

 

closed the door and held it fast while the rest of the occu-
pants escaped. The Indians cut the door down with their
hatchets, and entered to find only the brave girl who had
thus aided their defeat. Madly disappointed in finding the
house empty, they turned upon her, inflicting blows until
she appeared to be dying. Pursuing the family, they over-
took two children. One who was but three years old they
immediately killed. The other they took away and kept
six months. The girl revived after their departure, and
made her way to the garrison, where her wounds were
dressed, and she subsequently recovered. The next day a
large party set fire to the dwelling-house and buildings of
Capt. Wincoll, which stood near the upper mills, and
burned them with their contents. The men from the gar-
rison followed them until darkness put an end to the pur-
suit. The next morning they appeared upon the western
bank of the river, called the English cowardly dogs, and
fired several shots across at the men who were working in
the mill.

October 16th they attacked the house of Richard Tozer,*
in full view of the garrison, about one hundred and fifty
rods distant, killed him and carried his son into captivity.
Roger Plaisted, the commander of the garrison, who is
mentioned as an officer of true courage and public spirit,
sent out nine of his best men to watch their movements
and render such assistance as was in their power. Falling
into an ambush, three of these were killed, and the others
escaped with difficulty. The following letter written from
this place to two gentlemen in Dover, N. H., shows the ex-
treme distress of the settlers at that time:

“To RicuarD WaALpRon AnD Ligvut. Corrin: These are to inform
you that the Indians are just now engaging us with at least one hun-
dred men, and have already slain four of our men, Richard Tozer,
James Berry, Isaac Bottes, and Tozer’s son, and burnt Benoni Hods-
don’s house. Sirs, if ever you have any love for us, show yourselves
with men to help us, or else we shall all be in great danger of being
slain unless our God wonderfully appears for our deliverance. They
that cannot fight let them pray. Nothing else.

“Yours, to serve,
“RoGER PLAISTED,
“GrorcE Broveuton.”

Mr. Plaisted ordered a team to bring in the bodies of
the slain, and led 20 of his best men out after them.
Placing first the body of Tozer, which was most remote,
in the cart, they returned to get the others, when a party
of 150 savages, rising from behind a stone wall among the
logs and bushes, fired a well-directed volley upon the
soldiers and immediately charged upon them. The oxen,
tuking fright, ran to the garrison. In the fierce and
unequal conflict which ensued Lieut. Plaisted rallied his
men upon a more advantageous piece of ground, but being
soon overpowered by superior numbers, he disdained either
to fly or yield, though wounded, and fought with desperate
courage until cut down with the enemy’s hatchets. His
son and one soldier, unwilling to leave the intrepid leader,
sought to escape after he fell, but were slain before they
reached the garrison. Another son, who had fought heroi-
cally, died from his wounds a few weeks after. Roger

 

%* Richard Tozer’s wife is said to have been Elizabeth, daughter of
Elder William Wentworth.—Hon. John Wentworth in his family
history.
TOWN OF BERWICK. ~ 293

 

Plaisted had represented the town of Kittery four years in
the General Court, and was highly respected for his valor,
worth, and piety. He and his sons were buried on his land
near the battle-ground, near the old road from South Ber-
wick to Great Falls.

The Indians in retiring set fire to three houses, two barns,
and a mill, and burned a dwelling-house and killed two men
on Sturgeon Creek. The house of Capt. Frost, which was
unfortified and at a little distance from his neighbors, was
attacked while he was a short distance off. He immedi-
ately entered, amid a shower of bullets, from which he
escaped unhurt, and with great presence of mind shouted
the commands: “Load quick,—fire ! that’s well !” —a strat-
agem which saved him and his three boys who were in the
house.

In October, 1676, the troops of the commonwealth, under
command of Capt. William Hawthorne, arrived at Newich-
awannock, where they remained quartered the rest of the
month. The settlement had so revived by 1689 that it
contained 27 houses, some of which were strongly built for
defense, and all were of stout hewn logs.

DESTRUCTION BY THE FRENCH AND INDIANS.

March 18th a party under Hartel, a Canadian officer,
and the famous Hopehood, with 52 men, 25 of whom were
Indians, commenced an assault on the settlement at day-
break in three different places. The people, though en-
tirely surprised, flew to arms and defended themselves in
their garrison so bravely that they were applauded by their
enemies. They fought till 34 of their men were killed,
when they were forced to surrender. The assailants took
54 prisoners, the most of them women and children. They
then took all the plunder they could carry away, and set
fire to most of the houses, the mills, and barns, which were
consumed with a great number of cattle. The party, with
their prisoners and plunder, retreated on their way a mile
and a half above the village ““ where they had burned 20
houses.”’ They set fire to the house of Thomas Toogood, took
him prisoner, and murdered his wife and children. Toogood
lived on the farm now occupied by Mr. Daniel Wentworth,
who still retains the deeds and papers given by Toogood to
his descendants. Toogood’s cellar is still to be seen in Mr.
Wentworth’s field. While the Indian who captured Toogood
was preparing strings to tie him, holding his gun under his
arm, Toogood seized the gun, ran backward pointing it at his
breast, telling him he would shoot if he alarmed the others.
He crossed the river, followed some distance by the Indian,
who begged for the return of his gun. He was made a butt
of ridicule among the other Indians after for losing his
gun, and given the name of “ No-good.”” Toogood arrived
safely at Dover. The enemy were pursued by 150 men,
who had been aroused to arms by the smoke of the burn-
ing village. They came up with Hartel in the afternoon
at a narrow bridge over Worster’s River. Expecting an
attack, Hartel posted his men to great advantage on the
northerly bank of the river. A sharp engagement ensued,
which lasted until night. Four or five of the English
were taken prisoners, and several were killed; three of the
enemy were killed, and several wounded and taken pris-
oners.

 

There are not, perhaps, in the annals of Indian warfare
instances of greater cruelty than was executed towards the
prisoners taken at that time. They were compelled to
travel through pathless deserts and deep swamps, over
eraggy rocks and windfalls, in cold, rain, and snow, poorly
clad and hungry, their minds depressed by the loss of
home and friends, loaded with burdens, pushed forward by
the point of the bayonet, tortured or made the victims of
instant death. Robert Rogers, being unable to carry the
burden which they had imposed upon him, dropped it in
the path and went aside in the woods to conceal himself.
They found him, stripped him of his clothing, beat him,
pierced him with their swords, tied him to a tree, and
danced around him. Kindling a fire, they gave him time
to pray and take leave of his fellow-prisoners, who were
placed around to see him die. They would push the fire
towards him, and when he was nearly suffocated would
take it away and allow him time to breathe, and thus pro-
long his sufferings; his dying groans were drowned by
hideous singing and yelling, they all the time dancing
around the fire, cutting off pieces of his flesh and throwing
them in his face; and when he was dead they left his body
broiling on the coals. Mehitable Goodwin was taken with
a child a few months old; they dashed the child against a
tree and hung it upon one of its branches, telling the
mother she might come that way again and have the
pleasure of seeing it. This woman was a prisoner five
years, and returned home. Mary Plaisted was taken with
a child three weeks old, and made to travel through the
snow. ‘To ease her of her burden they dashed the child
against a tree, and threw it in the river. Mary Ferguson,
a girl fifteen years old, was so overburdened with plunder
laid upon her back that she burst into tears and said she
could not go another step. An Indian led her aside, cut
off her head, holding it up, exclaiming, “SoI will do with
you all if you ery or complain.”

In July, 1690, Hopehood, fired with uncommon revenge
towards Berwick, appeared with a gang of desperadoes,
and proceeded to reduce that ill-fated settlement to utter
ruin by shooting the inhabitants and burning their build-
ings. Asaspecimen of his character an instance of his
cruelty is recorded: James Keay, a boy five years old,
taken at Berwick, in March, had spells of crying to see his
parents; to still the little sufferer they stripped him, lashed
him to a tree, and whipped him until he was covered with
blood. Soon after the child had a sore eye, which Hope-
hood said was caused by crying; he turned it from its
socket with his thumb, and because the child could not
keep up in traveling, cut bis head in pieces with his
hatchet. In 1697, of four men mowing in a meadow in
Berwick, three of them were cut down with tomahawks.
This war of ten years ended Jan. 7, 1699.

To reward and encourage the settlers who had suffered
privations during this war, the General Court made them
an appropriation for the support of the ministry.

The earliest meeting recorded on the books of the town
and parish was held Oct. 22,1701. Captain John Hill
was moderator. It was then decided to abandon the old
meeting-house as not worth repairing, and build a new
one.
294 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

Sept. 26, 1'703, five men were ambushed by Indians in the
south part of Berwick ; one was killed, another wounded, and
Joseph King with two others were taken prisoners. Hlated
with their success, they attacked the garrison of Andrew
Neal, but were repulsed. In their anger at defeat, they
burned Mr. King at the stake, after inflicting many bar-
barous tortures. Maj. Mason was stationed in Berwick
with 95 men to protect the frontier. On the 25th of
April ensuing Nathaniel Meader was shot while at work in
his field. Two others were killed soon after by a scout-
ing-party while returning from meeting. The people be-
came accustomed to going by one path and returning by
another, to avoid an ambush. During this summer the
settlers themselves tried an ambush, and with such success
that the savages dropped their packs and fled in consterna-
tion to the woods.

INCORPORATION.

Berwick was incorporated the ninth town in Maine, June
9, 1713, and then included Berwick and North and South
Berwick. It was previously a parish of Kittery, and sup-
posed to be too poor and low to ever form a separate town.
A board of three selectmen was annually elected until the
incorporation of the town. The first regular election for
town officers was held in the meeting-house. Benjamin
Nason was elected moderator, and town officers were chosen
according to their needs. Humphrey Chadbourne, a young
man of twenty-two, grandson of the first settler from Straw-
berry Bank, was elected Town Clerk; Alexander Gray and
Bial Hambleton, Grand Jurymen ; Thos. Butler and William
Dyer, jurymen for trials at York County next court; John
Croude and Elisha Plaisted, Surveyors of Lumber; Roger
Plaisted and John Thompson, Viewers of Fences; Samuel
Savery and Alexander Grant, Field-Drivers ; William Wad-
ley and Josiah Goodridge, Tithingmen; Jonathan Stone
and Sylvanus Wentworth, Sealers of Leather ; John Croude,
James Warren, and William Chadbourne, Surveyors of
Land; Benjamin Nason, John Croude, Elisha Plaisted,
James Emery, and James Grant, Selectmen ; John Hooper,
Treasurer ; James Warren and James Grant, to call the
parish treasurer to account; James Gray, to protect the
timber on the ministerial lot and prosecute trespassers ; and
James Warren, to search into the matter of the pew-money.
There is no mention of collector, but Moses Gowen is
named as constable the next year.

In 1706, Capt. Ichabod Plaisted, Capt. John Hill, Lieut.
Charles Frost, Humphrey Spencer, Philip Hubbard, James
Grant, Benjamin Nason, John Key, and Daniel Goodon
were appointed a committee to build in the parish a church
36 feet square. This “ town meeting-house” was the place
of election for many years. For protection against wolves
a bounty of 20s. each, besides what the law offered, was
paid by the town as early as 1716, and for many years a
bounty was paid out of the town treasury to encourage the
keeping of many ferocious bulls. A location for stocks was
selected by the General Court in 1720, and from that date
the town may be said to have been in the enjoyment of full
municipal functions.

All public duties were filled by appointment at town-
meetings, even to ringing the church-bell, and sweeping

 

the house once in three months. Benoni Bragdon filled
that office during the existence of the first town meeting-
house. :

In 1723, Berwick was the most inland settlement towards
Canada, and the inhabitants were in a state of constant
alarm. All houses built between 1690 and 1750 were of
hewn logs, with long openings above and below, through
which to use firearms. Besides, some were built larger
and stronger, to withstand a siege. Among those nearest
the settlement at the landing, at that time, were the block-
house on the western side of Salmon Falls River; Keay’s
garrison, a mile below, on the Berwick side ; Wentworth’s
block-house, near the South Berwick line; the Tozer gar-
rison, a short distance north ; Goodwin’s; and later, a fort
on Pine Hill, north of Steep Falls, surrounded by a stock-
ade of sharpened poles, 20 fect in height, which was standing
as late as 1750.

Two men were killed in May, 1723. Soon after, a Mr.
Thompson was killed, Mr. Stone scalped, one of the settlers
taken prisoner, one of Mr. Thompson’s children wounded,
and another carried off. Twelve men were detailed to
scout from the Sanford block-house.

There were 150 men of Kittery under William Pepperell,
in his expedition against the French. In writing to Maj.
Hill, Feb. 21, 1745, Mr. Pepperell says, “ Yesterday I
heard that Capt. Busted had enlisted 50 brave soldiers at
Berwick. This news is like a cordial to me. The com-
missioned officers of Berwick are as brave and as good men
as any in the province. Please tell them all that I sincerely
value and love them. If any of them wish to go, give them
the offer, and tell them to be with me to-morrow.”

In 1734 the General Court awarded Richard Tozer 200
acres of land, in consideration of his being a great sufferer
by the savages, and others who made application also re-
ceived awards.

Flax and hemp were both raised in sufficient quantities
to need an inspector in 1730. These products were raised
on nearly every farm, and woven upon the primitive wooden
loom, to make the wearing apparel for the family.

Two miles on the river front were the property of lum-
bermen, and were known as ‘interest lands.’’ That part
of Berwick lying westward, except the Leader grant, on
Great Works River, was made “a common forever” by the
town of Kittery. Both the common and interest lands
began to be settled as early as 1700.

A portion of the town records, from 1736 to 1748, have
been lost. The first meeting recorded after was held Sept.
26, 1748, to see whether the new meeting-house in the town
of Berwick shall be for the whole town to meet in for the
worship of God.

The meeting-house was then partly built in a little ham-
let at the corner, three miles nearly east of Berwick village,
and since known as Blackberry Hill. A highway was laid
out from Salmon Falls to the meeting-house in 1755.

A vote of thanks was sent the Governor in 1754, for not
signing a Lill restricting the traffic in liquors!

Elections were held at Tilly Higgins’ inn in 1767, and
on Blackberry Hill, in the meeting-house, until 1848, when
a town-house was built on the same ground. This was
moved to the village, and afterwards abandoned.
TOWN OF BERWICK. 295

CLERKS,
ParisH.—Daniel Emery, 1706-8; Humphrey Chadbourne, 1709-12.
Town.—Humphrey Chadbourne, 1710-50,* Benjamin Chadbourne,
1751-53; Humphrey Chadbourne, 1754-58; Foxwell C. Cutte,
1759-61; Benjamin Chadbourne, 1762-69; Nahum Marshall,
1770-90; John Lord, 1791-93; Ichabod Butler, 1794-1806; Na-
thaniel Nason, 1807-13, Joseph Prime, 1814-38 ; Oliver Worster,
1839-43, Frederick A. Lord, 1844; Oliver Worster, 1845-54;
Frederick A. Lord, 1855; Oliver Worster, 1856-57; Job Harris,
1858-60; William A. Worster, 1861-63; George W. Lord, 1864—
67; Jeremiah A. Farrington, 1868; Alvin B. Spencer, 1869-70;
Alvin B. Spencer, 1871; 8. Plimpton Brackett, 1872-73; John H.
Stillings, 1874-79,
SELECTMEN.

PARISH.
1702.—Charles Frost, John Hill, James Warren.
1703.—Daniel Emery, John Hill, James Emery.
1706.—Ichabod Plaisted, John Hill, Daniel Emery.
1707.—John Hill, Philip Hobord (now spelled Hubbard).
1708.—Nathan Lord, James Emery, John Holmes.
1710.—John Hill, Thomas Hanscomb, Roger Deering, Jr.
1712.—Ichabod Plaisted, John Croude, Benjamin Nason, Philip Hub-
bard, John Key.

TOWNSHIP.

1713.—Benjamin Nason, John Croude, Elisha Plaisted, James Emery,
James Grant.

1714. James Emery, James Grant, Elisha Plaisted, John Key,
Thomas Butler.

1715.—Richard Tozer, Deacon Nathaniel Lord, William Chadbourne,
James Grant, Thomas Butler.

1716.—James Grant, Thomas Butler, John Holmes, William Chad-
bourne, John Hooper.

1717.—Capt. Elisha Plaisted, James Grant, John Holmes, Capt. Sam-
uel Plaisted, John Cooper.

1718.—Thomas Butler, John Holmes, John Cooper, John -Key, Ben-
jamin Libby.

1719.—Elisha Plaisted, James Grant, John Key, Thomas Butler, Job
Emery.

1720.—Nathan Lord, Jr., Job Emery, John Holman, Benjamin Libby,
Richard Lord.

1721.—John Holmes, Richard Lord, Joseph Pray, Benjamin Libby,
Joseph Hart.

1722.—James Grant, John Holmes, Richard Lord, Benjamin Libby,
Joseph Hart.

1723,—James Grant, Thomas Butler, John Hopper, Humphrey Chad-
bourne, Joseph Hart.

1724.—Capt. Elisha Plaisted, Ensign Grant, John Hopper,
Humphrey Chadbourne, Joseph Hart.

1725.—John Cooper, Benjamin Libby, Richard Lord, Daniel Emery,
Roger Plaisted.

1726.—John Hooper, John Holmes, John Cooper, Thomas Butler, Job
Emery.

1727.—Richard Lord, Benjamin Libby, John Hooper, Joseph Hart,
John Thompson.

1728-29.—Capt. James Grant, John Cooper, Richard Lord, Joseph
Hart, Benjamin Libby.

1730-31.—Capt. James Grant, Joseph Chadbourne, Richard Lord,
Joseph Hart, Benjamin Libby.

1732.—Capt. James Grant, Joseph Chadbourne, Richard Lord, Joseph
Hart, William Moore.

1733.—Capt. James Grant, Capt. John Hill, Moses Butler, Joseph
Hart, Roger Plaisted.

1734-35.—Capt. John Hill, Capt. James Grant, Moses Butler, Joseph
Hart, Benjamin Libby.

1736.—Capt. John Hill, Capt. James Grant, Moses Butler, Joseph
Hart, Joseph Chadbourne.

1738-47.—The records of these years were lost about 1868.

 

 

* Mr. Chadbourne was elected town clerk in 1750, but he refused to
swear he had “never taken any public Bill of the neighboring gov-
ernment since the last of March last past,” and after a long debate
the meeting adjourned. Not hearing from the General Court, they
again adjourned. There is no record of his taking the oath, although
he afterwards served as town clerk during the year.

 

 

1748.—John Hill, John Lord, John Keay, John Morrell, Capt. Moses
Butler.

1749.—Johu Hill, John Lord, Samuel Brackett, John Morrell, Capt.
Moses Butler,

1750.—John Hill, John Lord, Jr., Samuel Brackett, John Morrell,
Capt. Moses Butler.

1751.—John Lord, William Gerrish, Thomas Holmes, Jr., Jonathan
Hambleton, Benjamin Chadbourne.

1752.—William Gerrish, John Lord, Jr., James Gerrish, John Thomp-
son, Benjamin Chadbourne.

1753.—John Hill, John Lord, Jr., James Gerrish, Daniel Wadlin,
Benjamin Chadbourne.

1754.—Ichabod Goodwin, John Morrill, Jr., Humphrey Chadbourne,
Daniel Libby, Jr., Elisha Hill.

1755.—John Morrell, Capt. Moses Butler, Humphrey Chadbourne, Jr.,
Daniel Libby, Jr., John Smith, Jr.

1756-57.—John Morrell, Jr., Moses Hodsdon, Humphrey Chadbourne,
Jr., Daniel Libby, Jr., Richard Shackley, Jr.

1758-60.—John Morrell, Jr., John Smith, Jr., Capt. John Lord, Jr.,
Daniel Libby, Jr., Richard Shackley, Jr.

1761.—Capt. John Lord, Jr., William Hooper, Gideon Warren, Danie
Libby, Jr., Richard Shackley, Jr.

1762.—Capt. John Lord, James Warren, Jr., Gideon Warren, Daniel
Libby, Jr., Richard Shackley, Jr.

1763.—Daniel Libby, Jr., James Warren, Jr., Richard Shackley, Jr.,
James Brackett, Philip Hubbard.

1764-65.—Capt. John Lord, James Warren, Jr., Daniel Libby, Jr.,
Joshua Roberts, Philip Hubbard.

1766-67.—Daniel Libby, Capt. Humphrey Chadbourne, Nathan Lord.

1768.—Daniel Libby, Jr., Capt. Humphrey Chadbourne, Nathan Lord.

1769.—William Rogers, James Warren, Jr., James Brackett.

1770.—William Hooper, Elijah Jenkins, Stephen Hodsdon.

1771.—Elder Humphrey Chadbourne, Thomas Hobbs, Jr., James War-
ren, Jr., Moses Ricker, Dominicus Goodwin.

1772.—Humphrey Chadbourne, Thomas Hobbs, Jr., James Warren,
Jr., Dominicus Goodwin, Moses Ricker.

1773.—James Warren, Jr., Dominicus Goodwin, Andrew Austin,
Moses Ricker, James Fogg.

1774.—James Warren, Jr., Dominicus Goodwin, Andrew Austin,
James Roberts, James Fogg.

1775.—Dominicus Goodwin, James Warren, Jr., Andrew Austin,
James Roberts, James Brackett.

1776.—James Warren, Jr., Dominicus Goodwin, Thomas Hobbs,
Jonathan Hamilton, Jr., James Brackett.

1777.—Capt. Thomas Hobbs, Col. James Roberts, James Fogg, Capt.
Jedediah Goodwin, Deacon Jobn Hill.

1778.—James Warren, Jr., Deacon John Hill, James Brackett, Capt.
Jedediah Goodwin, Col. James Roberts.

1779.—Deacon John Hill, James Warren, Jr., Isaac Morrell, Moses
Ricker, Robert Rogers.

1780.—James Warren, Deacon John Hill, William Hupper, Jacob
Shorey, Humphrey Chadbourne.

1781.—Deacon John Hill, Elder Humphrey Chadbourne, James War-
ren, William Hupper, Moses Ricker.

1782.—William Hupper, Capt. Elijah Hayes, Capt. Jedediah Good-
win, James Warren, Joseph Fogg.

1783.—John Grant, Jr., William Hall, Thomas Downs, Richard F.
Cutts, James Warren.

1784.—Joshua Emery, H. Chadbourne, Jr., Dr. Nathaniel Low.

1785-86.—John Hill, William Hall, Richard Fox. Cutts, Peter Mor-
rill, Jr., Jacob Lord.

1787.—Humphrey Chadbourne, Jr., Joshua Emery, Capt. Thomas
Hodsdon.

1788.—Joshua Emery, Humphrey Chadbourne, Jr., Joseph Fogg.

1789-90.—Andrew Austin, Dominicus Goodwin, Richard Fox. Cutts,
Jobn Libby, Ephraim Libby.

1791-92.—Richard Fox. Cutts, Thomas Downs, Andrew Austin, Do-
minicus Goodwin, John Libby.

1793.—Dominicus Goodwin, Richard F. Cutts, John Zitlings, Thomas
Downs, John Libby.

1794.—Richard Foxwell Cutts, Andrew Austin, Thomas Downs.

1795.—Richard Fox. Cutts, Dominicus Goodwin, Thomas Downs,
James Brackett, Jr., William Hobbs.

1796-98.—Capt. Simeon Lord, Andrew Austin, Richard Fox. Cutts,
Thomas Downs, James Brackett, Jr.
296 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

1799-1800.—Richard Fox. Cutts, Andrew Austin, Dominicus Good-
win, Thomas Downs, James Brackett, Jr.
1801-2.—Simeon Lord, William Hobbs, Thomas Downs, Richard Fox.
Cutts, James Brackett, Jr.
1803-4.—Richard Fox. Cutts, William Hobbs, Timothy Wentworth,
Simeon Lord, James Brackett, Jr.
1805-6.—Simeon Lord, Richard Fox. Cutts, Timothy Wentworth,
Thomas D. Fernald, William Hobbs.
1807.—Simeon Lord, James Brackett, William Hobbs.
1808.—Simeon Lord, William Hobbs, Richard Fox. Cutts,
1809.—Simeon Lord, Richard Fox. Cutts, William Hobbs, Thomas D.
Fernald, John Hooper, Jr.
1810.—Richard Fox. Cutts, Jedediah Goodwin, Jr., John Hooper (2d),
William Hobbs, Thomas D. Fernald.
1811.—Samuel Nichols, Jedediah Goodwin, Jr., John Hooper (2d),
William Hobbs, Thomas D. Fernald.
1812.—Samuel Nichols, John Hooper (2d), William Hobbs.
1813.—William Hobbs, Samuel Nichols, Jedediah Goodwin, Jr.
1814.—William Hobbs, John Hooper, Nahum Heard.
1815.—John Hooper, Nahum Heard, William Weymouth.
1816.—Thomas Ricker, Nahum Heard, William Weymouth.
1817-18.—Nahum Heard, John Hooper, William Weymouth.
1819-20.—John Hooper, Nahum Heard, William Weymouth.
1821-22.—William Weymouth, Nahum Heard, John Hooper.
1823.—Joseph Fogg, William Weymouth, Nahum Heard.
1824-25.—John Hooper, William Weymouth, Nahum Heard.
1826-27.—Col. Love Keay, Jr., William Weymouth, Col. Moses Hub-
bard.
1828.—Col. Love Keay, Jr., William Weymouth, John Chase.
1829.—William Weymouth, Richard Shapleigh, Col. Love Keay.
1830.—William Weymouth, John Chase, James Lord.
1831.—Richard Shapleigh, Charles Tibbetts, Elijah Hayes.
1832-34.—Col. Love Keay, Richard Shapleigh, Maj. Elijah Hayes.
1835-36.—Col. Love Keay, Col. Elijah Hayes, Charles C. Bartlett.
1837.—Ool. Elijah Hayes, Timothy Wentworth, Jr., Nathaniel Mur-
ray.
1838-40.—Charles E. Bartlett, Capt. E. Hayes, Samuel Guptil.
1841.—Charles E. Bartlett, Capt. E. Hayes, John Hurd.
1842-43.—Samuel W. Fox, Hiram Varney, Jacob Wentworth.
1844.—Granvile C. Wallingford, Alexander Junkins, Frederick Hayes.
1845.—Samuel W. Fox, Hiram Varney, Jacob Wentworth.
1846-47.—Elijah Hayes, Jr., Alexander Junkins, Frederick Hayes.
1848.—Elijah Hayes, Jr., James Gowell, Samuel Stillings.
1849-53.—James Gowell, Samuel Stillings, James Clark, Jr.
1854.—Samuel Stillings, Charles Guptil, Kendall Gibbs.
1855.—James M. Tibbetts, Mark Wentworth, Gilman Stacy.
1856.—Kendall Gibbs, Charles Guptil, Luther 8. Libby.
1857.—Granvile C. Wallingford, John Gowell, Hezekiah Fall.
1858.—John Gowell, Hezekiah Fall, Edward R. McIntire.
1859.—John Gowell, Hezekiah Fall, Michael Tibbetts.
1860.—James Gowell, Edward R. McIntire, Freeman H. Gowen.
1861.—Thomas Hurd, James Clements, Joseph Brackett.
1862.—James Gowell, Freeman II. Gowen, Moses B. Page.
1863-64.—John Gowell, John Hurd, John H. Goodwin.
1865.—John Hurd, John H. Goodwin, William Emery.
1866~-67.—John Hurd, William Emery, Richard L. Goodwin.
1868.—Jeremiah A. Farrington, Edwin M. Ham, George Guptil.
1869-70.—Richard L. Goodwin, Moses I. Clark, Daniel W. Spencer.
1871.—Freeman H. Gowen, Eben R. Bradecn, James D. Cole.
1872.—Richard L. Goodwin, James D. Cole, Horace A. Hurd.
1873.—James D. Cole, Horace A. Hurd, Eben R. Bradeen.
1874-75.—Moses E. Clark, Edward R. McIntire, Daniel W. Spencer.
1876-77.— John Gowell, Joseph H. Downs, James Clark.
1878.—James Clark, Horace B. Tibbetts, Richard L. Goodwin.
1879.—Richard L. Goodwin, Daniel H. Toothacoe, Moses E. Clark.

REVOLUTIONARY WAR.

At the commencement of the war with Great Britain,
Berwick had been settled one hundred and forty years, and
had become a town of some importance and influence,
largely engaged in lumbering, fisheries, and other business,
with an increasing population which had numbered 2374
inhabitants in 1735.

 

A letter from the selectmen of Boston, inclosing a report
of the proceedings of their meetings, held “Monday and
Tuesday last past, upon the melancholy and very alarming
circumstances to which the province as well as all America
is reduced,” was received Sept. 17, 1768, and a town-meet-
ing called for September 21st. The 20th of September
was set apart as a day of humiliation, fasting, and prayer,
“looking to heaven in ye important affairs laying before the
town.” The town-meeting was opened by prayer by Rev.
Mr. Foster, and Hon. John Hill was elected moderator.
The meeting then considered the late act of Parliament
imposing duties, etc.; the intimation his excellency the
Governor had given of his expecting three regiments of
troops to be quartered in the town; and then resolved,
‘“‘the Freeholders and others, inhabitants of the town of
Berwick, do at this meeting acknowledge their firm and
unshaken allegiance to their rightful sovereign, King George
III., and will, with their lives and fortunes, do all they can
to support his Royal Family, Crown, & Dignity.

“And whereas the town of Boston did choose a com-
mittee to act in connection with others from the several
towns, to take such measures as his Majestie’s service &
the Peace & Safety of his subjects may require in the pro-
posed convention to be held at Fenuel Hall, in Boston,
Thursday the 22d day of September, at ten of the clock in
the morning. Voted, that the town will send some suitable
person to agree upon some loyal & Dutiful measure for
his Majestie’s Service, & peace & welfare of his subjects but
in nothing more than in loyal and dutiful Petitions for the
removal of these grievances the province now labors under.”

A series of resolutions was read and approved. Benjamin
Chadbourne was chosen delegate, and a vote of thanks for
their timely notice passed for the town of Boston.

In 1772 the news that the “judges of the Supreme
Court, the attorney-general, ete.,” were to be paid out of
the revenue which they held was unconstitutionally raised,
caused an alarm in which 24 of the leading citizens joined
in calling a town-meeting to take measures for the removal
of the grievance. These, who were the first to show their
loyalty to the people, were Ichabod Goodwin, Samuel Lord,
William Nason, Nahum Marshall, Joseph Hardison, James
Brackett, Joseph Shorey, John Andros, Philip Hubbard,
Joshua Andros, Isaac Brackett, Joseph Lord, William
Parsons, Humphrey Chadbourne, Jr., Samuel Brackett,
Patrick Manning, Samuel Butler, Thomas Butler, Charles
Butler, James Goodwin, Eben Libby, Thomas Abbott,
Tobias Weymouth, Samuel Shorey.

Capt. Nathan Lord, Jr., representative, was instructed
to use his utmost endeavor for the repeal of the grievances,
and unite with other members of the General Court, that
the judges of the Superior Court be made as independent
of the crown and people as possible.

In January, 1774, addresses were drawn up showing the
interest and patriotism of the people.

At a meeting of the freeholders, of which Capt. Ichabod
Goodwin was chosen moderator, Capt. Nathan Lord, Capt.
Philip Hubbard, Benjamin Chadbourne, Esq., Capt. Wil-
liam Rogers, and Capt. Humphrey Chadbourne were chosen
a committee to compose some notes and resolves for the
town to adopt, and which were accepted, as follows:
TOWN OF BERWICK. 297

“Phe melancholy state of this provinee, of whicly this town is a:
part, calls upon us the inhabitants to declare our sentiments, and
show how far they agree with those of our brethren in this and the
neighboring colonies of North America, relating to the improprieties
of the Parliament of Great Britsin in taxing North America. But
the distance we are from the metropolis of this Province, and the little
acquaintance we have with the nature of the dispute, renders it need-
Jess for us to attempt to say much upon the subject; yet, as the cause
is general, we are bound to declare our sentiments, and, so far as we
understand it, join with our brothers in opposing the operation of
those late acts of the British Parliament. subjecting any article sent
here from Great Britain to pay a duty for raising 2 revenue in North
America, more especially that relative to the East India teas, which
we apprehend is unrighteous and unconstitutional, and has a direct
tendency'to destroy this and all other colonies in North America; and
if the East. India Company are permitted to send their teas and vend
them here whilst they are subject to a.duty to be paid in this Province,
it will fully complete our ruin, and that speedily. We acknowledge
and profess true and rightful allegiance to our rightful souvereign
King George the Third, and are willing at all times to risk our lives
and fortunes in defense of his person and his family, but at the same
time must earnestly contend for those rights and liberties we are en-
titled to by the laws of God, Nature, and the Constitution of this
Province.

“ Therefore, Resolved, That no power on earth hath any just right
to impose taxes upon us but the Great and General Court of this
Province, and all others are unconstitutional, and not to be sub-
mitted to. ,

“That the East India Company sending their teas and vending
them subject to a duty to be paid here to raise a revenue is a high
infringement upon the rights of this people, and has a direct tendency
to complete our ruin.

“That we will at all times join with our brethren in all legal
methods in opposing the East India Company in sending their teas
here subject to a duty.

“That the thanks of the town be presented to the people of this
and the neighboring colonies for their steady and resolute conduct in
opposing the landing of the teas sent by the East India Company,
and that we will at all times assist to the utmest of our power in op-
posing such impositions.

“That the thanks of this town be presented to the town of Boston
for the timely notice sent to this town of their proceedings in town-
meeting relative to the East India Company sending their teas, ask-
ing the favor that upon like occasions they will again do the same,
wishing that union of sentiment may take place in this and every
colony in North America, and that the proceedings of this meeting
be recorded, and a copy sent to the Committee of Correspondence in
the town of Boston.”

July 7, 1774, a committee of six was appointed to re-
ceive donations for the poor of Boston. William Gerrish
was elected a representative to the General Court, with
specific instructions that he do nothing which will give the
least, countenance to the late acts of the British Parliament
to alter the constitution of the province, but to use every
legal method for hindering the same from taking place, and
in case the government should refuse to call in the constitu-
tional council chosen in May last, he was empowered and
directed to join with members from other towns in a Pro-
vincial Congress, provided the other members shall be so
instructed.

May 29, 1775, Maj. Ichabod Goodwin was elected dele-
gate to the Provincial Congress, to represent the town for
the six months next ensuing. The town clerk was at the
same time instructed to write to the delegates in Congress
asking that they take into consideration the dangerous sit-
uation of York and Kittery harbors, and, if they shall think
proper, allow one or two companies out of the provincial
army, already raising in this province, for the safety of the
same.

38

 

Meanwhile, the militia companies were assembled to-
gether, and an account of their arms and accoutrements
made. All new-comers to the town were put under sur-
veillance, and a list of their former homes made. Blankets
were purchased, and cloths for clothing made and stored
by the busy wives, who tended their looms between their
household duties of the day.

In a town-meeting, held at the South Parish meeting-
house, Monday, July 1, 1776, Daniel Libby was chosen
chairman, and it was voted that, “should the Hon’bl Con-
gress for the safety of the Colonys Declare them Inde-
pendent of the Kingdom of Great Britain, we, the Inhab-
itants of said town, will Solemnly engage with our Lives &
Fortunes to support them in the measure, and that Col®.
Ichabod Goodwin be served with a copy of this vote.”

A meeting was held August 5th to comply with the
order of Council of July 18th, and raise men and means for
the army. Powder, lead, and flints were distributed to the
inhabitants, meetings were frequently held, and large boun-
ties were offered out of the town stock to encourage en-
listments. One full company went out under Capt. Ebene-
zer Sullivan. An old historian writes, “To their ever-
lasting honor be it said that they furnished as many men,
according to the number of inhabitants, as any town in the
country. There are but few ancient homesteads in the
town that are not honored by the graves of some Revolu-
tionary soldier.”

Donations were brought in for the soldiers on public
fast-days, and consisted of shirts, stockings, and such useful
articles as could be readily forwarded. In 1780, 40s. were
voted to each man in the Eastern expedition from the
town, £6 to each captain, and £4 10s. to each lieutenant.
A single assessment furnished 20,240 pounds of beef.
Capt. Goodwin, one of the first to assert the rights of the
people, became a major-general in the Provincial army, and
many other citizens of Berwick became distinguished for
their patriotism and valor.

VILLAGES.
BERWICK.

The village of Berwick is the eastern or Maine side of
a prosperous manufacturing village, built quite recently
upon the broken land on both sides of the Steep Falls
River. Steep Falls village, upon the New Hampshire
side, covers a sloping hill-side overlooking a long range of
factories on both sides of the river, and is connected with
the Berwick side by a bridge of one hundred feet span.
The railroad depot, four newspapers, and most of the
churches are in New Hampshire. Before settlement be-
gan this power was utilized in the manufacture of lumber.
Timothy Wentworth settled at the lower power as early as
1702. In 1709, Moses Worster sold half the privilege of
Worster River to Mr. Wentworth, and in 1712 gave his son
Thomas 200 acres of land and one-half a saw-mill upon that
stream. Mr. Worster, Sr., was a sufferer by the Indians
in 1682. Under a privilege granted the Quamphegan Mills
in 1654-56, Humphrey Chadbourne had logging-camps in
the north-part of the town as early as 1661, where he got
out logs to be run down the river to the mills there—now
South Berwick—to be sawed at the halves.
298~

. In 1758.a grist-mill-at Stair Falls was contracted to be
built by.-Ephraim Blaisdell, Joseph Farnham, and -Paul
“Farnham. . This was built immediately-after.

In 1827 there. were within the town, then including--
Col. George -

North Berwick, the following licensed traders:
Hobbs, Capt. Sheldon Hobbs; Col. Moses Hubbard, Nathan
Butler, Ichabod Butler, James Lord, Elisha Tibbetts, and
Samuel Nesty. Innholders: Col. Nathaniel Hobbs, Capt.
William Hatch, John Butler, and John Twambly. Vie-
tualler: Oliver S. Foss. The villages were them at the
mills between the rivers in the north part of North Berwick
village and at Wentworth’s Corner, on Blackberry Hill,
three miles from the present village. It is impossible to
tell how great was the settlement at the old corner, but old
wells and cellars, revealed by the plow, as well as those still
visible, indicate quite a populous village at one time. Capt.
Jacob Wentworth closed his store there in 1848, after the
burning of the meeting-house and school-héuse, and elec-
tions were transferred to the village.

THE WAR OF 1812.

In this war the government was well supported, although
meetings were held in some parts of the town declaring it
to be an unjust and an unrighteous war.

Stephen Hobbs, Hiram Hayes, Joseph Prime, William
Hobbs, and John Shorey were chosen a committee of safety,
and the selectmen were authorized to loan $800 for the
purpose of arming the militia of Berwick, who were unable
to equip themselves. Provisions and camp-equipages were
placed in store for the speedy equipment of those who
might be called into service, and a requisition was made
on the Governor for sixty stand of arms. Many of the
citizens entered the army and performed such services as
the common defense required.

Elder Ebenezer Lord came to this place about 1750, at
the age of thirty years, and built his first cabin near the
cemetery in the east part of the village. About 1796 he
built the house now occupied by his grandson, Frederick
A. Lord. This is the oldest building in the village.

John Sullivan settled in the north part, on what is now
Sullivan Street, about 1735, and owned a farm of 70 acres
there. On this farm were born Maj.-Gen. John Sullivan,
a leader in the Revolution, afterwards Governor of New
Hampshire, and James Sullivan, a famous lawyer, orator,
patriot, and Governor of Massachusetts. ;

When, in 1835, Thomas B. Parks and Oliver Worster
kept the only stores at Great Falls Bridge, on the Maine
side, there was only the dwelling of Mr. Horne, opposite.
John Hooper lived half a mile east at the south corner,
—Mr. Nisbet and Capt. J. Lord at the north corner. On
the middle road to the northeast, Widow Lambert, Widow
Hall, John, son of Samuel Heard, Ephraim Tibbetts,
Jonathan Horsam, and Moses Fay. West of Worcester
Brook Moses Twombly lived, on the HK. T. Hayes place.

The place began to be a manufacturing centre about
1854, and by 1870 had obtained a population of over
400 inhabitants. Since then the growth has been rapid,
the population having increased to more than 1500 by
1879.

Among the public buildings are the Odd-Fellows’ Hall,

HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY,

 

MAINE.

the , high, sdhioal building, the engine-house, and- Grant’s
‘Hotel, a fine four-story wooden building ° near the bridge’, :

From here the strects radiate past busy. stores and manu-..
factories, most of which are substantially built of brick...
Beyond the business houses are streets lined with dwellings,-:
nearly all of which were built since am 0.

THE BUSINESS INTERESTS OF BERWICK.
Tannery: L. R. Hersom & Co., one of the first perma- -

-nent industries of the place, occupies two large wooden.
‘buildings, and gives employment to about 30 men, dress-.
‘ing shecp-skins for shoe-linings.
‘with the wool on, and are pulled and tanned at the rate of.

The pelts are received

about five hundred daily. The business was started ona

small scale by Mr. Hersom, in 1864. Steam-power.

Engines and machinery: Eben N. Higley, patentee of
Higley’s heel-compressing machine, manufacturer of light-
power steam-engines, jack- and press-screws, Higley’s candy-
cutters, and gencral machine work. The shops contain ten
lathes, beside the usual machinery, and were moved from
the New Hampshire side in 1872.

Saw-mills: J. R. Horne, erected in 1870, and supplied
with machinery for making all kinds of bill stuffs.

Bobbins: Connected with the power of Horne’s Mill is
the bobbin manufactory of Blood Brothers, erected in 1873,
and employing 6 hands. An additional building has been
since erected, and the force increased to 24, with an in-
creased demand for their goods, which will be met by a
third building. Their bobbins and spools find sale among
the various woolen- and cotton-factories of New England.
There are about 230 different patterns made, to suit the
different yarns and goods. This business was begun in
connection with the Great Falls Manufacturing Company.
Nearly all their work, now done by improved machinery,
was formerly done by hand.

Weaving reeds: David Scott & Son, established in 1854
by David Scott, has now a complete set of improved ma-
chinery, operated by steam-power, and employing 4 skilled
operatives and making 500 reeds annually.

Loom-harness: Chadwick & Clark, a mile above the
village, established about 1858, employ 2 operatives.

Bleachery: John S. Haynes, established in 1870, in
Horne’s Mill buildings, for cleaning cotton-waste from the
Dover, Salmon Falls, and Great Falls cotton-factories.

Pieced cotton ties, for baling cotton: Otis B. Morse,
established in 1870, employs 6 operatives remaking baling-
ties which have been once used, for sale in the cotton-
growing districts.

Soaps: O. H. Butler, established in 1867, employs 4
hands in shop and runs 3 teams. Makes all common
grades of soap; C. W. Fall, established in 1878, soft soap
only.

Sash, doors, ete.: S. P. Horne, erected in 1872. Sup-
plied with complete machinery for all kinds of wood-work,
and employs from 6 to 8 operatives.

Edge-tools: Ira Chellis, established in 1877, axes, chis-.
els, ete.

Carriages: J. H. Merrill, established in 1873; F. M.
Clark, established in 1873.

Lumbermen and builders: Hiram Horne, Leavitt &
LORENZO R. HERSOM,

son of Joseph and Betsey (Lord)
Hersom, and grandson of Joseph
Hersom, was born in the town of
Lebanon, Me., Oct. 19, 1831.
He is the third in a family of six
children, five of whom are still
living, namely,—Lydia Mitchell,
Asa, Lorenzo R., and Andrew J.,
all of Berwick, and Mrs. Eliza-
beth Perkins, of Portland.
Lorenzo spent his youth on the
farm in Lebanon till he was sey-
enteen years of age. His educa-
tion was limited to the common
schools of his native town. In
1848 he came to Berwick, and
commenced with Oliver Hill to
learn the tannery business, with
whom he remained eleven years.
In 1863 he purchased the tannery

LORENZO

R.

 

HERSOM.

property, has since rebuilt the
whole, and is still carrying on a
very successful business.

He married, Sept. 21, 1854,
Martha E., daughter of Elliot
and Polly (Chadbourne) Tibbetts,
of North Berwick. She was born
Oct. 14, 1833, and died Sept. 20,
1879. They had one child, Alton
E., born April 24, 1858. He is
a Republican in polities; was a
member of the State Legislature
in 1877, and has been town treas-
urer for the past two years. He is
also a director of the Somersworth
National Bank of Great Falls;
has been a member of the Free
Baptist Church for several years,
and superintendent of the Sab-
bath-school for a number of years.
He isa man of business capacity,
strict integrity, and uprightness
of character.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
TOWN OF BERWICK.

Horne, C. H. Horne, C. F. Mitchell, H. B. Tibbetts, John
E. Frost.

Blacksmiths : R. H. Merrill, W. H. Trull, Averill Bros.,
M. W. Libby.

Carriage-painters: S. H. Littlefield, J. M. French.

Harness and carriage trimming: David M. Howard,
established in 1876.

Harness: A. W. Stevens, established in 1878.

Shoes: Nute Brothers (N. M. & D. H. Nute), estab-
lished in 1871, and previous to 1877 manufacturing 200
cases a week ; since declined, but still in operation.

Confectionery: J. A. Fall, established in 1873, manu-
‘factures pure French and American confectionery ; 2 oper-
atives; S. P. Brackett, established in 1864, 2 operatives,
and consumes 4 to 6 barrels of sugar weekly; A. G. Brace
& Co., established in 1879, 3 operatives and 1 wagon;
makes all common brands of goods.

Undertaker: Alvin B. Spencer, also extensive manufac-
turer of coffins and caskets.

Marble-works: John Emery, came from the New Hamp-
shire side in 1873. This is a large establishment, employ-
ing skilled workmen.

Cigars: E. A. Lewis, established in 1873.

A fire department was established, and the hand-engine
“Triumph” bought of the city of Biddeford, in 1873.
.Fred. B. Stanley was Fire Warden, and George W. Mellon
Foreman, of the company in 1879. A police force, organ-
ized in 1849, now numbers 14 unsalaried officers, of whom
David Horne is Chief.

General stores: A. K. Downes, established in 1872.

Groceries: J. F. Robinson, established in 1869; Orrin
Knox, established in 1876; C. 8S. Blaisdell, established in
1842, across the river: crossed to Berwick in 1852.

Co-operative store : J. H. Stillings, agent, established
Jan. 18, 1874, by the Sovereigns of Industry; incorpo-
rated, April 1, 1878; present officers: Hiram Clark,
President ; Lewis KX. Brackett, Vice-President ; J. H. Stil-
lings, Sec. and Treas.; Directors, David Wingate, Charles
H. Horne, Charles H. Wooster.

Boots and shoes: John Martin (established by W. O.
Brackett, in 1877).

Millinery and fancy goods: Clara E. Clemens, 1879
(established by Miss I. 8. Grant in 1872), in the Grant
building.

Flour and grain: J. B. Merrill, established in 1877.

Auctioneer: Samuel Hubbard.

Meats: William F. Libby, established in 1873.

Barbers: Benjamin Lord, Ransom B. Crook.

Livery-stable : Moses Weeks.

Lawyers: Wm. J. Copeland, H. V. Moore.

‘Physicians : J. E. Lord, C. P. Gerrish, W. Wadsworth.

Postmaster: U. O. Brackett, since the first opening of
the post-office of Berwick, in July, 1871.

SOUTH BERWICK VILLAGE,

the northern part of which is within the limits of this town,
has attempted to annex the Berwick part at the last two
sessions of the Legislature. It contains within this town
44 dwellings, 4 or 5 unoccupied stores, and the following
‘business houses :

 

‘299

Carriage shops: Daniel B. Joy, established in 1872.

General stores: C. W. Butler.

Dry-goods: A. Devine.

Groceries: T. J. Driscoll, established in 1871; C. War-
ren & Co., established in 1878.

Meats: C. Warren & Co., established in 1878.

Bakery: Louis A. Daube, established in 1876.

Watches and jewelry: N. Bouthillier, established in
1877.

Barber: Franklin G. Pierre, established in 1854.

Blacksmith: John H. Earl, established in 1877.

CHURCHES.
CONGREGATIONALIST.

The old ‘‘ North Parish Congregational Church” was or-
ganized Jan. 15, 1749, when Berwick included what is now

Berwick, South and North Berwick, and the First (or

South) Parish included the whole territory except the par-
sonage grant “to the Baptist Society in Berwick,” located
at “Great Hill.”’ The South Parish meeting-house was
located at what was called “Old Fields,” near the “ Lower
Landing” below “ Quampheagan Landing.” The parish was
organized by virtue of a charter from the General Court
held in Boston, and at their first meeting voted Samuel
Brackett, Jr., clerk, and a committee of five “for calling
Parish meetings in the futer.” Subsequently it was voted
to “settel” the division linc between the parishes, and on
February 8th following, in conjunction with a committee
of the South Parish, the line was run and established. A
verbatim copy of the report reads:

““Where as we the subscribers hereof being appointed by the Com-
mittees of the two Parishes within the town of Berwick, to run the
Division Line between said Parishes, according to an order of the
General Court held in Boston on the 18th day of April, 1749, being
on oath, proseeded in the following manner, Viz.: Begun at the old
meeting house and run from thence north one mile and a half which
reached within seven feets of the Hastern corner of Mr. Joseph Hart's
land” (this on Ham’s hill), “and set a corse from thence, Southwest and
by west” (over Goodwin's bill), “ to Salmon Falls river, and then begun
within seven feets of the eastern corner of above said Hart’s land and
run northeast and by east to a white oak tree standing in Mr. Joseph
Penny’s land marked on two sides, and so extending the same north-
cast and by east corse o lettel to the southeast of Jeremiah Frost’s
dwelling house, and so extending the same corse to the northeast of
Mr. Jonathan Stens barn.’

“Cart. JOHN a Chairmen.
“Capt. JAMES Hons,

« Avex. McInting, } Surveyora.”
“ Abra. NoWELL,

This line was in November, 1773, re-run by Joshua Win-
gate, surveyor. It is very nearly the dividing line between
South Berwick, Berwick, and North Berwick at the present
time.

“On February ye 27th, 1749, Voted, that a meeting-house shall be
bult in the North Parish, and that it shall be bulé the same bigness
that the new mecting-house is in the lower Parish, and that it shall
be bult between Thomas Gubtail’s house and John Woodsoom’s, from
which vote Capt. Moses Butler and several others Decented, and paid
for entering the Decent. An offer was then made to raise a committeo
to pwrchs Land for the mecting-house at parish charge, if need be,
and past in the negative, and adjourned the meeting to Ye 28th, when
a like vote was past in the negative, and adjourned the mecting to
Elda John Smith’s house till to-morrow, at ten of the clock in tho
four noon.”
300 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

Whether the meeting was holden the records saith not.

July 16, 1750, it was voted that a minister be hired to
preach the gospel in said North Parish, and that Elder
John Smith and Mr. John Shorey call the minister, and
Voted, £20 lawful money to defray ‘‘ Parish charges,” and
at same meeting “ Voted, Patrick Gowen and others shall
take cear to get the ministry Grant Laid out,” thus appear-
ing that when the Great and General Court authorized
parishes it also made a “ Grant” for the ministry.

“On ye 21st of August Voted, that a minister shall be
hired to preach the Gospel three months.” To this “ Capt.
Moses Butler and Thomas Goodwin entered their decents.”
The minister was provided for, by voting that he should
have “£14 lawful money for preaching the Gospel three
months.” Merchantable white pine Lords, clabords, and
shingles were to be taken in Lue of money, at the town
landing-place, at the market price.

John Smith and others were “Voted a committee to
carry on the building of the meeting-house.” To this our
“ Capt. Moses’? came in and entered his “ decent against
the whole proceedings of the whole meeting.” In 1752
£30 was raised to defray parish charges, and £265 13s.
4d. to carry on the building of the meeting-house.

At this time, under territorial parish law, parishioners
were liable to be taxed to defray parish charges, unless
they became non-affiliates by attending religious worship
statedly with the Quakers; hence transfers were certified
to in this manner :

“These fue lines may certifie al whome it may concearn that ———
of Berwick, has frequented our publick meetings of worship, held by
the people called Quakers, on the Lord’s day, and we know not but
that he is conscionciously conscarned so to do. This given under our
hands and signed by us at Berwick, the 29th of the 6th month, called
August, 1751.—Jedediah Merrill, Elijah Jenkens, Eben Hussey.”

“On ye second day of March, 1752, voted youanomously
for Mr. Samuel Modey for their minister in the North
Parish in Berwick, and chose a committee to Discorse Mr.
Modey, and know if he will except the offer. Mr. Modey
declined to ‘ settel.’” ¢

It was then voted that he “should have 21s. 4d. per day
for preaching in the parish for the time past.

On the 19th of February, 1753, “ Voted, a parish-house
shall be bulded on Ministery Land, on that parcel of land
on which Thomas Gubtail now liveth.” This location is a
short distance north of the old meeting-house lot at “ Black-
berry Hill,” on the road to “ Beaverdam” and “ Cranberry
Meadow,” and on which the identical old parsonage-house
now stands, which is probably as old as any (standing)
house in the town. It was, doubtless, thought by our fore-
fathers to be “stylish,” and the finish is ancient and unique;
it was then held venerable, as being the residence of the
staid parson of the white neck-kerchief and black suit,
whom the youths were taught (under Puritanical customs)
to reverence as second to deity, and into whose august
presence every lad bowed with uncovered head and lass
courtesied when they came, a sentiment which was taught
by the dignity of a person consecrated to a sacred office.

On the ‘third day of December,” 1753, “Voted, Mr.
Nathaniel Draper preach the Gospel in This Parish for
three or four months, on probation.” Also, “ Voted, that

 

the Parish shall a dow for the loss of all the shingles [de-
preciated currency] that the parish treasurer has received
in time past.”

About this time they found themselves a little mixed in
the matter of “stiles,” for it was found necessary to call on
the “ Great and General Court” to settle matters, which
was done by petition in this style (verbatim et literatim) :

“To His Excellency William Shirley Esq., Capt. General and Gov-
ernor in and over the Province of the Massachusetts Bay, the Hon-
orable His majesty’s Council and the Honorable house of Represen-
tatives for said Province, now setting at Boston, the Humble petition
of the freeholders and other Inhabitants of the north parish in Ber-
wick Humbly sheweth that the Committee for calling Parish meetings
in the said parish through a mistake be twixt the old stile and new
stile, have neglected to call their annual meeting for Chusing Parish
offersors in the month of March but Derd it to the Eight of April
Instant where by we apprehend are not qualified to chose our parish
offerfors for the presant year to the Grate Damage of the parish.
We there fore most Humbly Pray That you will take our present Dif-
ficult cireumstances in to your Consideration and in able the parish
To meet and Choos their Parish offereors, and pass votes relateing to
the suport of the ministry and other necessary affairs of said parish
as other Parishes qualified by Law, not with standing this omission,
and Your Petitioners shall for ever pray as in Duty Bound.

“ Berwick, April the 8th 1754.”

The foregoing was signed by 38 parishioners, including
the familiar names of Smith, Hardison, Pray, Grant,
Knight, Hamilenton, Brackett, Hodsdon, Thompson,
Wentworth, Gubtail, Stone, Shorey, Frost, Clark, Libby,
Lord, Nock.

“Tn Council, April the 17th 1754 it was read and ordered that the
prayer of the petition be granted, and John Hill Esq., Directed and
impowered to issue his warrant for a Parish meeting.

“Sent down for concurrence.

“Taos. CLARK, D’ty Se’ty.

“Tn the house of Rep., April 18th, 1754,

“Read and concurred,

“Trowas Huppert, Speaker.
“ Consented to,
“Wituram SHIRLEY.”

In pursuance of the above, John Hill, “J. Peace,”
under his hand and seal at Berwick, the 22d day of April,
“and in the 27th year of His Majesty’s Reign, Anno
Domina” 1754, issued his warrant to choose all parish |
officers on the 9th day of May, for the “Jnsueing year,”
and raise money “for the support of the Gospel or setle-
ment of a Gospel Minister a moungst them,” etc. At the
meeting May 9th, 1754, “ Voted, sixty-six pounds thirteen
shillings and fourpence Lawful money for the Minister that
settels on said Parish, to be paid out of the parish treasury
yearly during the ministry therein.” Also, a “Giueft” of
same amount “ towards his setelment, if he setels himself.”
At this time Nathaniel Draper was the minister. On “fry
day,” the 16th day of August, 1754, a “ Committee was
chosen to call a minister for the Parish ;” also a committee
to “ take cear for entertainment Conveanent for the Minister
when called.” And that “Seven Shillings per week shall
be paid those men that boarded those Several ministers for
the time past.” At a parish-meeting holden Monday, Oct.
28, 1754, “Voted and made choice of Mr. John Morse
to settle in the Parish in the Gospel ministry, with the
Advice of their neighbouring ordained Ministers,” and
raised “a Committee to offer” the above vote to Mr. John
Morse, ‘and know if he will accept.” Subsequently, on No-
vember 25th, “ Voted, an Addition £66 13s. and 4d. te be
TOWN OF BERWICK. 301

 

paid in lumber and dabour at market price towards a Minis-
ter’s Settlement.” On the 25th day of February, 1755,
Mr. Morse presented through the committee his letter of
acceptance of the call.

He was ordained April 30, 1755, and died November,
1764. He was aserious and godly young divine, whose
brief ministerial life was adorned by Christian graces, and
his qualifications for a pastor endeared him to his people;
his death was greatly lamented. He was succeeded by
Matthew Merriam, who was ordained Sept. 25, 1765, a man
of piety and influence, possessing rare ministerial gifts.
He remained their pastor till his death, more than 30 years.
He was ‘succeeded by Joseph Hillard, a graduate of Har-
vard College, who was ordained Sept. 11, 1797, and re-
mained their pastor until 1825, when he relinquished his
charge by reason of failing health, About this time the
old church in Somersworth, N. H., was discontinued, and
Reuben Porter, their pastor, came to preach in Berwick, at
an unfinished dwelling-house on Bridge Street, belonging to
the Great Falls Manufacturing Company. Mr. Porter
continued his labors there until the organization of the
first Congregational Church in Great Falls, N. H., which he
supplied until Josiah Hawes, who had been supplying the
church at Blackberry Hill, received a call, and was or-
dained as their first settled minister in 1827. From this
time the church at Blackberry Hill became extinct, but a
small invested fund has served to keep up a parish organi-
zation. Oliver Butler, father of H. A. Butler, Hsq., of
North Berwick, was the last clerk in 1838.

The old meeting-house continued to be used as a town-
house until its destruction by an incendiary fire on the
night of May 4, 1848. Some years previous it had
been struck by lightning, and one of the large porches
being displaced, it was removed to the house on the corner,
and is still standing as the kitchen-part of the residence of
‘Capt. Jacob Wentworth. The grave of Rev. Mr. Merriam
occupies a part of the old church-yard with some of the
early members of his pastoral charge.

METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH.

The Methodists first began to exert an influence in Ber-
wick about 1810. Meetings were held in private dwellings
in various parts of the towm. About 1815-16 there were
several revivals under the preaching of John Lord and
others, and many were baptized. Although they continued
to increase in numbers and influence, no meeting-house was
erected exclusively for the denomination for thirty years,
when a house was built in 1839 at the location known as
Cranberry Meadow. The house took fire after it had been
completed, and was consumed a few days before it was to
have been dedicated. Another was soon after built, about
a mile from the former, and dedicated by Rev. Gershom F.
Coxe. A church was organized, and still continues in a
prosperous condition. Membership, 57.

The meeting-house was moved to the village of Berwick,
and finished January, 1876, during the pastorate of Rev.
Isaac Lord, and dedicated by Rt. Rev. Bishop Foster.

Present officers: J. H. Corey, pastor; John Cowell, John
Hurd, C. H. Horne, Moses E. Clark, J. H. Downs, Elijah
W. Hayes, James H. Clemmens, J. O. Gowell, stewards.

 

An act of the General Court of Massachusetts, passed
Dec. 11, 1816, authorized the sale of the ministerial lands
in the North Parish of Berwick, and the interest accruing
on a fund so formed to “be appropriated and uniformly
applied for the support of the Gospel Ministry in the said
North Parish of Berwick.” The town-house lot, formerly
the site of the Old Blackberry Hill meeting-house, was sold
in 1878, and the proceeds added to the fund, which yields
an annual interest of about $70. This goes to the support
of the Methodist, which is the only church in the town.

PLACES OF HISTORIC INTEREST.

Richard Tozer (so he spelled his own name) was known
as Sergt. Tozer, and was a prominent man from 1684 to
after 1723. It is said that he was captured by the Indians
twice, and his wife three times. At one time her capture
was attempted when she was boiling soap. This she threw
upon the Indians, hot from her kettle, until they abandoned
the attempt. She was one of the prisoners ransomed at .
Quebec in 1695. At her last capture her husband took
the feather-bed upon his back for protection, and telling
her that he would ransom her if he lived, retreated under
cover of the house to the frozen river, into which he fell
through the thin ice, and lost his bed. The Indians tracked
him, saw the bed, and supposed him to be drowned. While
he remained hidden upon the bank they pillaged and burned
the house, and carried away the inmates. He then crossed
the river and alarmed the inhabitants of Dover, N. H., who
pursued them without success.

After the recovery of his family, Mr. Tozer erected the
garrison which is still standing. He sold his place to Sam-
uel Lord in 1734, and moved from the town. The garrison
stands on the north side of the Boston and Maine Railroad,
a third of a mile distant, and between the road leading from
South Berwick to Great Falls. It is not greatly unlike the
other old farm-houses, having been somewhat remodeled.
The roof was blown off by a storm in 1830, and the father
of Mr. John Spencer, the present occupant, removed the
upper story. Its commanding position and solid, compact
appearance is still suggestive of its early use, though the
old stockade of upright sharpened posts has long since
disappeared.

The old Wentworth House, half a mile to the north, was
built about the year 1800, on the site of the house be-
queathed by Paul Wentworth, with his barns and store-
house, in 1747, together with six days in the upper mill on
Salmon Falls, and land at the head of Berwick, joining
Jeremiah Rawlens and Thomas “ Douns.” This was one
of the earliest occupied points to the northward, and was
the extreme settlement in the early Indian wars. It is now
occupied by Daniel Wentworth, the youngest son of Tim-
othy Wentworth, and sixth generation of the family in
America. The will referred to also gave his “ negro man
Sampson, negro man Tom, negro woman Dinah, and negro
child Tom” to his different heirs. Rev. Mr. Pike was made
executor of the will.

BURIAL-GROUNDS.

On a knoll to the southward of the business part of
Berwick village is an acre of land partly surrounded by
“802

HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

a high bank wall and tall elms. Within this inclosure are
many of the early dead of Berwick and their later descend-
ants. Some of these were soldiers in the first army of the
republic. Others were in the last, and their graves bear
throughout the year the faded flags placed there bright and |
new each decoration-day by their comrades of the Grand '
Army of the Republic.

Among the noted graves are those of Elder Ebenezer
Lord, who died in 1811, aged ninety-one; Rev. Noah
Hooper, son of Rev. William Hooper, died in 1854, aged
seventy-eight ; Richard Moody, died 1836, aged forty-six; :
Jeremiah Locke, died 1858, aged eighty; and the family
monuments of the Horne, Lawrence, Moses, Longee, and -
Gibbs families. Frank Tuttle, M.D., and John McCrillis, :
M.D., both early physicians, are also buried here. oe

The old burying-ground at Blackberry Hill and the Sul-
‘livan ground have been abandoned, and many of the more
‘honored inmates removed. Nearly every old family can
look from the windows of the old homestead upon the
graves of their ancestors near by. Many of these family
grounds are finely kept.

SCHOOLS.

A school was kept in Berwick at the expense of the town
as early as 1714. Mr. Rock was “called” to be school-
master for £40 a year,in 1716. In 1718 it was voted that
John Bradstreet shall keep school in the house by Mr.
Spencer’s till one is built for £40, in boards, at the market
price, to be delivered to him when the sloops use the river.
A school-house was built for him six rods northwest of a
brook, upon the highway, near to Humphrey Chadbourne's
new house. In 1724 there were two school-houses above
Great Works River, one of which, twenty feet square and
eight feet high, was on Baker Nagon’s land. In 1725,
James Grant, the representative to the General Court, was
authorized to hire a schoolmaster brought up at the college.
The next master was James Pike, in 1726, and Joseph
Newmarch, who taught reading, writing, and “ cyphoring”
in 1727. In 1749 school was kept in six places, two
months each, by one teacher. In 1751 it was voted that
the master teach two weeks at one point, then two at
another, returning. Rev. Mr. Moody taught one-half in
each parish. In 1858 a whole-year school was kept in the
upper parish. Fifty pounds were voted in 1761, and two
“schools” kept. A committce “to better regulate schools
for the future” was chosen in 1766, after which two schools
were regularly kept. One hundred and forty pounds were
voted for four five-months’ summer schools in 1770. In
1790 a plan for the school was laid out agreeable to the
new act, and teachers were required to have a certificate of
“ Morrell Carrictor.” The appropriations were $150 in
1800 ; $1100 in 1825; $2000 in 1862; $3000 in 1872;
and in 1878, $2500 by the town, and $4032 total expense
for 563 scholars registered. There are 896 school children
in the town, and 16 school-houses, representing an agegre-
gate value of $16,800.
Three joining districts included in Berwick village joined
to form a grammar school, and erected a fine three-story,
‘wooden building, in 1872, at an expense of $9000. This
-was dedicated by Governor Sidney Perham, and other prom-

-inent educators, on its completion.
been successful under Professors Amos W. Pike, Mr. De
‘Merret, and William S. Pierce, the present principal.

R. W. G. M., B. C. Stone.

 

Its management has

School Supervisor, Elijah H. Hayes.

ASSOCIATIONS.
INDEPENDENT ORDER OF ODD-FELLOWS.

Echo Lodge, No. 52, was instituted Jan. 14, 1876, by
The first officers were Joseph
E. Lord, N. G.; Alvin B. Spencer, V. G.; John C. Hurd,
R. §.; Charles C. Wentworth, Treas. ; Chas. R. Bragdon,
Warden ; John H. Stillings, Conductor; Charles W. Gup-
til, O. G.; Darius Blake, I. G.; Levi K. Brackett, Chap-
lain. The officers in November, 1879, were Charles M.
Guptil, N. G.; Daniel H. Toothacher, V. G.; Hiram

‘Hurd, Sec. ; Chas. C. Wentworth, Treas. ; Hezekiah Fall,

Warden ; Geo. W. Stillings, Conductor ; Walter S. Willey,
O. G.; George W. Knox, f. G.; Levi K. Brackett, Chap-
lain. The membership is 99. This association owns a fine
brick building, 32 by 55 feet floor, and 3 stories high. The
corner-stone was laid with appropriate ceremony, Oct. 9,
1878, and the building dedicated by the A. W. G. M. of
Maine, March 31, 1879. The lodge is in flourishing con-
dition.

Golden Gate Encampment, No. 24, was instituted May
29,1876. The first officers were Joseph KE. Lord, C. P.;
William H. Rich, H. P.; Frank P. Goodrich, S. W.;
Benjamin LL. Clark, J. W.; A. B. Spencer, Scribe; C. C.
Wentworth, Treas.; Darius Blake, O. 8. S.; Thomas A.
Chadwick, P. 8. 8.; John H. Stillings, Guide. The offi-
cers in 1879 were Darius Blake, C. P.; Hiram Hurd, H.
P.; Charles M. Guptil, 8. W.: Frank B. Clark, J. W.;
Levi K. Brackett, Scribe ; Charles C. Wentworth, Treas. ;
Andrew 8S. Bradeen, 0. §. 8.; Fred. V. Stanley, I. 8. 8.;
John H. Stillings, Guide.

INDEPENDENT ORDER OF GOOD TEMPLARS.

Wilson Lodge, No. 75, was organized June 14, 1878,
with 39 members. The officers were Rev. C. A. Wilson,
W. C. T.; Miss Nettie Lord, W. V. T.; Geo. S. Downs,
W. Chap.; F. H. Warren, W. Sec.; Miss Sadie Merrow,
W.A.8.; Miss Nellie Tibbetts, W. F. 8.; S. P. Brackett,
W.T.; M. A. Hatch, W. M.; D. M. Frye, P. W. C. T.
January, 1879, the lodge changed its name to Rescue.
The officers in November, 1879, were C. E. Hutchins, W.
C.T.; John W. Downs, P. W. C. T.; Daniel Hemingway,
W. RB. S.; W. S. Willey, W. T.; W. S. Fall, W. M.;
Annie Hooper, W. I. G.; Daniel Edson, W. O. G.; Alice

Curtis, R. H. 8.; Nellie Jones, L. H. S.; Eunice Cooper,

W.A.S.; Delia Hodge, W. D. M.

PROMINENT MEN.

John Sullivan sailed from Limerick, Ireland, in 1723.
The vessel was driven by stress of weather into York harbor.
Being a man of education, on the recommendation of Dr.
Moody, of New York, he was employed as a teacher. at
Berwick, where he opencd his public schools—one for
boys and one for girls. These schools were opened but a
part of the year. On his voyage out, his attention was at-
Hii

TT
| Ht NT AULA
A

 

RESIDENGE OF WILLIAM J. GOPELAND,

BERWICK, MAINE.
 

WitiiamM J. CopELAND, son of Rev. William H. Copeland, wu resi-
dent of Lebanon, Me., was born in Albion, Kennebec Co., Me., Jan.
24, 1841.

The Copeland family trace their ancestry to Sir John Copeland,
who fought at the battle of Neville’s Cross, during the reign of Edward
III., Oct. 17, 1346, and with his own hand captured King David of
Scotland, whom he bore from the field, with a company of attendants,
and, proceeding to Calais, delivered him into the hands of his royal
master, then in France. For this service he was created a banneret
(an honorable order of knighthood) by the king, and given a pen-
sion of five hundred pounds per annum. He was also made warden
of Berwick, sheriff of Northumberland, and keeper of Roxburgh
Castle. Lawrence Copeland, w lineal descendant of Sir John, from
whom sprang all the Copelands in America, came to this country and
settled at Mount Holliston, Mass., where he died Dec. 30), 1699, aged
one hundred and ten years. Hon. Moses Copeland, a great-grandson
of Lawrence, and from whom William J., the subject of our sketch,
is w direct descendant in the fifth generation, went with his brother
Joseph from Milton, Mass., to Warren, Me., in 1763, being among
the early settlers of that place.

He was a man of great activity, shrewd, and calculating, and
gained wealth and distinction, taking a prominent part in the
enterprises of the town. In early life he had served in the army,
entering at seventeen; was at Ticonderoga in 1758, and at the taking
of Quebec the following year. Soon after his settlement in Warren
he was appointed sheriff, and held the office eleven years. He also
held the office of crier of the court several years. From constant
contact with lawyers and observation of legal proceedings, he became
the principal lawyer of the place, and his advice and assistance in
legal controversies were the most valuable that could be obtained in
that region.

This Moses Copeland was u cousin of President John Adams, and
uw descendant of John Alden on the maternal side.

William J. Copeland attended the common schools in Shapleigh
and South Berwick, where his father was then preaching. In 1855
he attended the academy at South Berwick, and afterwards for a time

 

the, West Lebanon and Limerick Academies, earning the money to
defray the necessary expenses by teaching in the winter and farm
labor in the summer, teaching his first school at Shapleigh before he
was sixteen years of age. ,

He entered the office of Hon. Increase S. Kimball, of Sanford, Me.,
at an early age, where he pursued the study of the law until he was
admitted to the bar, which was before he was twenty-one years of age.
He then located in Presque Isle, Aroostook Co., where he entered
upon the practice of his profession, remaining there until April, 1868,
when he removed to Berwick, opposite Great Falls, where he has since
resided, having established his office at the latter place. During the
past ten years, it is safe to say, Mr. Copeland has attained a degree
of success in his profession seldom enjoyed by any practitioner in
the country outside the great cities; being attributable to his indomi-
table energy, intense application, and thorough devotion to his pro-
fessional work. With powers of physical endurance far greater than
those with which most men are endowed, with a keen insight into
human nature, and w strong love for the contests of the legal arena,
he has the ability to command success in cases where others would
see only failure from the start.

Mr. Copeland married, in March, 1862, Miss Ellen L. Wade,
youngest daughter of Loring and Sarah (Foster) Wade, formerly of
Machias, Me., and a granddaughter of Col. Benjamin Foster, Jr., of
Machias, prominent in the early history of that town. By this union
he has had three children, all daughters, two of whom are living,—
Mabelle, born April 10, 1864, and Kate, born Jan. 13, 1867.

In politics he has always been a Republican, but bas never held
office, or engaged in political life until during the campaign of 1878,
in Maine, when he espoused the cause of the National Greenback
party, and made several effective speeches upon the stump. In his
private and domestic life Mr. Copeland combines the attributes of
the gentleman with the nobler qualities of husband, father, and
friend. His career has been singularly free from ostentation, and it
is, perhaps, the absence of vainglorious display that lends « charm
to his character, and sustains, despite all obstacles, his ever-increasing
popularity.
TOWN OF BERWICK. - 803

 

tracted to a pretty child nine years of age, named Margery
Brown, whom he appears to have brought up as his own
child, whom he afterwards made his wife, in 1735. He
soon after purchased 70 acres of land, on the easterly side
of the Salmon Fulls River, near Great Falls, where he re-
sided for sixty years. He died in May, 1796, in his one

hundred and fifth year, and his widow died in 1801, aged

eighty-seven; they were buried upon the place which. | rish, 1753 ; Benjamin Chadbourne, 1756-58 ; John Smith,

they occupied so many years, and which is now occupied
by Winslow T. Ricker, Esq. On this farm were born
John and James Sullivan. The former was a leader in the
first overt act of the Revolution, a general in the war, and
Governor of the State of New Hampshire; the other, the
acknowledged leader at the bar, a Governor of Massa-
chusetts, and who, by his speeches and writings, contrib-
uted to the successful establishment of our national liber-
ties. They were companions in counsel with Hancock and
Adams, and in arms with Washington and Warren, and
of whom Washington said that when a spirit of insubordi-
nation or despondency prevailed in the army, all that he
needed to dispel it was the eloquence of one of the Sulli-
vans. From these men have descended some of the most
pleasing orators and eminent men of New England.

‘Nathaniel Low, Richard Foxwell Cutts, and Capt. Elijah
Hayes were delegates to the Constitutional Convention in
1787, and were all prominent men, filling public offices for
a long period of years. Mr. Cutts was elected to the
Senate in 1800.

Hon. John Hill was justice of the peace, member of the
General Court, and a major in the army.

Col. John Plaisted was a prominent man in 1716.

Among the leading military men have been Capt. Moses
Butler, Capt. Joseph Chadbourne, Capt. Philip Hubbard,
Cols. Jonathan Hamilton, Love Keay, Moses Hubbard,
Nathan Hobbs, George Hobbs, Elijah Hayes, Nathan
Murray, Capts. Sheldon Hobbs, William Hatch, and Jacob
Wentworth.

Among the present leading citizens are Alvin B. Spen-
cer, John H. Stillings, George W. and Frederick A. Lord,
Richard L. Goodwin, Moses Clark, Jolin Gowell, Darius
Blake, Charles M. Guptil, Daniel H. Toothacher, L. R.
Herson.

 

REPRESENTATIVES IN THE GENERAL COURT.
Capt. John Hall, 1711; Ichabod Plaisted, 1712; Capt.
Elisha Plaisted, 1714; Capt. Samuel Plaisted, 1716-18 ;
Capt. Elisha Plaisted, 1719-20 ; Humphrey Chadbourne,
1722; Elisha Plaisted, 1723; Capt. James Grant, 1725—

i aT. Roger Plaisted, 1730; Samuel Plaisted, 1731; Capt.

James Grant, 1732; Richard Lord, 1735; William Ger-

Jr., 1760; Benjamin Chadbourne, 1763-70; Capt. Nathan
Lord, 1772; Capt. William Gerrish, 1774; Maj. Ichabod
Goodwin, 1775-76; Col. Joseph Prime, 1778-79; John
Hill, 1780-87 ; Richard Foxwell Cutts, 1790-91; Maj.-
Gen. Ichabod Goodwin, 1792; Richard Fox. Cutts, 1793-
97; John Lord, 1798; Richard Fox. Cutts, John Lord,*
1800; Richard Fox. Cutts, 1801-3; Richard Fox. Cutts,
Capt. Stephen Prime, William Hobbs, 1805-6; Nathaniel
Nason, 1806; Richard Fox. Cutts, Joseph Prime, William
Hobbs, Micajah Currier, 1808-9 ; Richard Fox. Cutts, Jo-
seph Prime, William Hobbs, Benjamin Green, 1810-11;
Micajah Currier, Richard Fox. Cutts, Joseph Prime, Wil-
liam Hobbs, Joshua Chase, 1812; William Hobbs, Benja-
min Green, Jedediah Goodwin, Jr., Richard Fox. Cutts,
1813; William Hobbs, Joseph Prime, 1814-15; Wm.
Hobbs, 1816; none, 1817-18; Wm. Hobbs, 1819.

PROFESSIONAL.
PHYSICIANS.

Among the earliest pbysicians was Dr. John McCrellis,
who was here as early as 1730. Frank Tuttle, M.D., who
was born in 1826, died here in September, 1867. Na-
thaniel Low practiced medicine here in 1784. He was a
mewber of the Constitutional Convention, in 1787. Wil-
bur Waadworth, a graduate of the Philadelphia, Pa., Eclectic
College, commenced practice in Berwick in 1879.

LAWYERS.

Wm. J. Copeland, a son of Rev. Mr. Copeland, of Great
Hill, read law with Hon. I. 8. Kimball, entered the prac-
tice of law in 1858, at Great Falls, and has become prom-
inent since 1870. J.G. Jordan was a prominent lawyer
until his death, in 1873. H. V. Moore.

 

% In place of R. F. Cutts, elected senator.
NORTH BERWICK.

 

GENERAL DESCRIPTION.

THE town of North Berwick is the northeastern half of
what was left of Berwick after the incorporation of South
Berwick, in 1814.

In 1713, when Berwick was incorporated, it formed a
portion of that town, and was a part of Kittery, known as
“the Common,” in 1652. The town of Berwick, which con-
tained 31,650 acres, was divided, in 1831, by a southeast
line, commencing on the line of Lebanon, and intersecting
the head-waters of Frost Brook, which it followed to the
South Berwick line. That part of the town lying to the
east, including all but one range of lots of the old “ Kittery
Common,” and containing 18,579 acres, was incorporated
as the present town of North Berwick. Of this area nearly
14,000 acres are improved lands.

The town is bounded on the north by Lebanon and San-

ford, on the east by Sanford and Wells, on the south by

South Berwick, and on the west by Berwick.

The western line was continued southward to the west of
Frost Brook in 1875, so as to form a right angle with the
south line, and includes about 1300 acres formerly in Ber-
wick.

The surface is moderately uneven, lying in ridges.
Bonny Beag Hill consists of three rocky spurs in the
northeast ; nearly to the summits of which, on the north
and east, cultivated fields are found. Its name was given
it by the Indians.

From the top of this hill a fine view of the surrounding
country may be obtained.

The soil is fairly productive, though somewhat stony on
the hills and ridges. Corn, potatoes, and hay are the lead-
ing crops. Good crops of grass are produced on the inter-
vale land of the Great Works, and also on Beech Ridge.
Near the village, in the south part of the town, clay is found,
from which a good quality of brick is made.

SETTLEMENT.

The Morrills and Purintons are generally supposed to have
been the first settlers. Nicholas Morrill bought a large tract
about Doughty’s Falls, and about 1735 deeded the west
side to Thomas Hobbs, and the eastern side to Peter and
Jedediah Morrill, his two sons. Peter lived a short dis-
tance out of the village, where Morrill Sherburne now re-
sides.

Thomas Hobbs, the ancestor of the Hobbs family in this
town, came from Kittery in 1735. He first acquired a piece
of property at the mouth of the Neguntaquit, where he built
a saw-mill. J. HE. Hobbs, a descendant of Thomas, holds
deeds from the town of Kittery, of date as early as 1707.

The Hussey family were among the early settlers. Moses
Hussey, the present occupant of the Hussey place, is of the

304.

 

fourth generation from the first settler. The Buffums were
among the early settlers in this vicinity.

The earliest settlers on Beech Ridge were Capt. William

‘Hall, and Silas Hall, grandfather of Hon, John Hall.

About 1775 they cleared farms, which are still occupied by
their descendants. Benjamin, Joseph, Thomas, and Silas
Hurd took up places about the sametime. Silas Hurd, the
old surveyor, bought a part of lot 36, in September, 1777.
He came from Dover. Their descendants are worthy
citizens, and retain in the family name the old homesteads.

On the road leading from the village to Oak Woods,
above where the road crosses Great Works River, Jedediah
Morrill settled. A descendant occupies the premises. John
R. Randall settled above about 1774, and Mr. Buffum near
him the same year. The settlers advanced north, and
Daniel Quint, father of Daniel, settled on the southwest side
of Bonny Beag Hill. The Staples family came from Kittery.
They are said to have been true to the king. One was an
officer under the crown.

In the north part of the town, above Bonny Beag, Chris-
topher Hammond, grandfather of John H. Hammond, the
present occupant, settled about 1810. Christopher Ham-
mond came from Eliot, then Kittery, where numerous rela-
tives still live. Samuel Hurd, father of Peter, settled where
B. Walker now lives, and John Fall on the farm where
Peter Hurd now resides. §. Roberts settled on the east
side of the hill.

One of the earliest settlers in the northwest was John
Libby, who cleared the farm now owned by Andrew Chase,
in the northwest part of the town, joining Lebanon.

Of other families remembered as among the early settlers
may be mentioned the names of Chadbourne, one of the
earliest families in Berwick, Twombly, Weymouth, Ford,
and Fernald. Samuel Hanscom came about 1770, from
Kittery. The father of Samuel Hanscom, Sr., was made
executor of his father’s estate when but nineteen years of
age. He remained a bachelor till forty years old. He had
nine children, among them a pair of twins. Samuel, Sr.,
was the oldest son, and lived at the old homestead.

Hercules, father of Oliver Fernald, came from the old
settlement at Kittery, and settled on Beech Ridge, a half-
mile north of the present Free-Will Baptist. meeting-house.
He was a soldier of the Revolution, and assisted in building
the works on Dorchester Heights.

The early occupants of Kittery Common would come first
and chop a clearing, which they would burn and reburn
until free from the danger of woods fires, when they would
haul in logs, and, joining together, assist each other in roll-
ing up a house. Then they would move in their families,
and finish by completing doors, roof, and the broad stone
fireplace with wooden flue.
 

BRACKETT HALL,

son of John and Merriam (Brackett) Hall, natives
of North Berwick, was born Sept. 13,1815. His
father was born July 14, 1786. He (Brackett) is
of English descent, being a lineal descendant of one
of three brothers who came from England more
than two hundred years ago and settled at Dover
Neck, N. H.

Brackett Hall spent his boyhood till he was twenty
at home and in the common schools of his native
town, when he hired out to Aaron Davis Williams,
a vegetable farmer of Roxbury, Mass., with whom
he remained as foreman for seven years. In the
spring of 1843 he came to North Berwick, and set-
tled upon the farm of one hundred acres, which he
had purchased of Joshua Jenkins the year before,
to which he has added, by purchase, the adjoining
farms of Elijah Jenkins, Reuben Hayes, and Reuben
Ricker, also a large portion of the Hiram Randall
farm, making in all a farm of about five hundred
acres, He married, March 27, 1842, Abigail, daugh-
ter of Philip and Dorotha Hall, of North Berwick.
She was born in 1814, and died March 27, 1851.
The children of this union were Mary Ann, born
Jan. 1, 1844, wife of James Joyns, of Gloucester,
Mass.; Abbie M., born April 28, 1849; and John

 

B., born Jan. 38, 1851. He married, Nov. 27, 1859,
for his second and present wife, Mary A., daughter
of James and Mary A. (Getchell) Emery, of Wells,
Me. She was born Aug. 27, 1841. Of this union
were born Elmer E., March 25, 1861; Davis Wil-
liams, March 17, 1865; and Frank E., Oct. 15, 1872.

Mr. Hall has never taken a very active part in
politics, having had his time and attention well oc-
cupied in improving and bettering his farm. He
espoused the Greenback cause at the organization of
that party, and has since advocated its principles,
believing them to be the best for the general public
good. In the fall of 1879 he was nominated by his
party for the office of county commissioner. Al-
though not successful, he received a flattering recog-
nition, running ahead of his ticket, and receiving
He is, and

has ever been, a hard working, calculating, and

the entire vote of the Democratic party.

prudent farmer, whose many years’ toil has yielded
him a competence for his declining years. In re-
ligious sentiment he believes the dictates of con-
science the best guide. He is generally considered
a man of irreproachable integrity, a kind husband,
father, and friend, and a good citizen in every sense

of that term.
TOWN OF NORTH BERWICK. 305

 

Abraham, Nathaniel, and John Lord, three brothers,
came from Ipswich, about the year 1700, and were the an-
cestors of numerous families of Lords scattered throughout
the State. Elder Nathaniel Lord was a son of Abra-
ham, and grandson of Samuel and Martha Lord.

INDIAN TROUBLES.

The early settlers had severe trials, arising from the diffi-
culties to be encountered in bringing a wilderness to fruit-
fulness. Mrs. Mary Chadbourne, now in her one-hundredth
year, relates that the first summer upon the place cleared
by her husband, who was a widower with several children
when she married him, they lived many days on boiled
greens for dinner, and whortleberries and milk for the other
meals of the day; meal or flour they had none. The hus-
band must seek employment at other settlements to earn
money to make payment for the land, while the wife and
children planted and tended the crops till harvest. Wolves
prowled at night about the clearings and rude cabins of the
settlers, only prevented from entering by the bright fires
within. Many of the early settlers were Friends, and on
that account received more immunities from the Indians
than those of the settlements on the sea-coast. But one
incident of Indian depredations on the inhabitants of this
town is related. Sarah Morrill, a daughter of Peter, was
out one day gathering hemlock-boughs for a broom. She
wandered some rods from the house, unmindful of danger.
Suddenly she came upon a party of Indians lurking in am-
bush, and in her fright screamed, which so exasperated
Wawa, the leader, that he dispatched her at once. Jede-
diah Morrill is said to have brought in her lifeless and
bloody body soon after ; the Indians remaining hidden near,
but offering him no violence, because he was a Quaker.
Her scalp was taken to Canada and sold to the French.

The spot of this occurrence is marked by a young apple-
tree in the south part of the village, in a field a short dis-
tance from Mrs. Hurd’s hotel.

On a promontory of land back of Mr. Morrill’s house a
captive white woman was kept one winter by the Indians.
Late in the fall a descent was made upon the York settle-
ments by a party of savages, and she was made a prisoner ;
winter coming on suddenly, before they could return to
Canada, they spent the winter about the outlet of Bonny
Beag Pond. During the winter she gave birth to a child,
which, from scanty food and exposure of the weather, was
feeble and sickly. The Indians compelled the mother to
gather pine fagots, with which they burned the babe to
ashes. The unhappy and heart-broken woman found among
the ashes a bone unconsumed that belonged to her child;
this she concealed in her bosom for a time, but the Indians
discovering it took it from her, lest some spell of witchcraft
should be wrought by it to their injury. In the spring
she was taken to Canada and sold to the French, after
which she was ransomed and returned to her friends.

PLACES OF HISTORIC INTEREST.

Around Bonny Beag Pond many circular stone hearths
are found. They consist of a bed of stone about four feet in
circumference, upon which Indians build fires for cooking.
On the north side of the outlet, in a ravine near the west

39

 

border of the pond, was found the greatest number of these
hearths, and here probably a village stood. Near by was
the field in which they raised their maize ; now it is covered
with quite a growth of wood. The land about the outlet
is owned by Mr. Nathan Morrill, a descendant of Jedediah.
In plowing the fields many Indian implements have been
brought to the surface. He has a fine collection of them,
consisting of stone chisels, gouges, pestles, sinkers, hatchets,
arrow-heads, a scalping-knife, etc., which he kindly exhibits
to those curious in such matters.

A deep basin south of the pond is covered with a shallow
pool of water, beneath which the light quicksands cannot
be fathomed. This is known as Sunken Pond.

A one-story frame house in the northeast corner of the
town, near Little River, stands on the east side of the road,
and is occupied by John Chase, Hsq. This house was
built by Absalom Stackpole, a Revolutionary soldier, before
he entered the army, and is about one hundred and ten
years old. Mr. Stackpole was born in 1752, and lived here
until eighty-eight years of age.

WATER-POWERS AND THEIR USE.

The heavy forests of pine that originally covered this
town encouraged the erection of mills, and one of the first
was built by Peter Morrill on the Great Works at the vil-
lage, about 1722. A run of stones was connected with it,
by which gristing was done for the settlers. Afterwards
he engaged in the manufacture of iron, but it proving to
be of poor quality, its manufacture was soon abandoned.

A mill for carding wool took the place occupied by the
iron-works, which was operated as early as 1810, and per-
haps earlier. In 1832, Friend Hill bought a half-interest
in the privilege with John D. Lang, and in 1834 a wooden
building 60 feet long, two stories high, with an attic, was
put up for the purpose of doing custom-work and the manu-
facture of machine blankets. Friend Hill is reported to
have been the first in the country to establish a factory for
the manufacture of this kind of goods. Satinet likewise
formed a portion of goods produced. In 1861 the wooden
building burned down, and in 1862 the present fine mill
was put up. It is of brick, three stories high, with attic,
and 120 feet long by 42 feet wide. As a provision against
drought, the company have an engine of sufficient power
to carry the works independent of water-power. Forty
looms, 6 sets of cards, and 13 spinning-jacks are operated
here, which turn out daily 1500 yards of flannel, beside
blankets, and give employment, on an average, to about 80
hands. The company is known as the North Berwick
Company, and has a capital of $100,000.

Upon the Great Works there are reckoned eight powers,
ranging from 10 to 36 feet fall, but partially improved. At
Doughty’s Falls are 2 powers, owned by the North Berwick
Woolen Company. The Hobbs privilege, at Bonny Beag
Woolen-Mills, a mile above the village, has upon it a small
factory doing custom-work. Ebenezer Hobbs has a grist-
and saw-mill, eighty yards above. This power was first
used by Thomas Hobbs, Jr., grandfather of the present
occupant, who built a mill here at the first settlement.
Thomas Hobbs, Sr., lived at Doughty’s Falls.

The Wentworth privilege is occupied by a saw-mill.
306 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

Farther on is a good, unimproved power, owned by Nathan
Morrill, and at the foot of Bonny Beag Pond he owns and
improves a power by saw-, grist-, shingle-, and clapboard-
mills. A stave-mill was added in 1868. The area of
Bonny Beag is computed at 1600 acres. One foot of dam
gives storage to a large quantity of water. On the Negun-
taquit, a branch of the Great Works, are several powers,
only one of which is improved, and this near its mouth, by
T. B. Hussey’s agricultural works. Farther up this stream,
on land of J. E. Hobbs, is a good, unimproved power,—
dam easily and cheaply constructed, and a sufficiency of
water for many manufacturing purposes two-thirds of the

year,
NORTH BERWICK VILLAGE.

This is the only village in the town. It is located in the
southern part, and contains about 140 dwellings, about 60
of which, together with most of the business houses, were
built since 1870. The main village was formerly between
the Great Works and Neguntaquit Rivers, and bore the
name of Doughty's Falls, which are located on Great
Works River at that point. The stage-line and mail-route
extended north from this point by way of Springvale, Al-
fred, Waterborough, and Limerick to Cornish previous to
the opening of the Boston and Maine Railroad. Soon
after, F. O. Rogers, his clerk, George Snow, Sheldon Hobbs,
and Jeremiah Lord moved their business east of the rivers,
near the depot, and that side became the business centre of
the town. The place was an important wood market pre-
vious to 1875, when coal began to take its place. It is
now an important trading and manufacturing centre, and
one of the neatest little villages in the county. It contains
three churches, school-house, Odd-Fellows’ Hall, and many
fine dwellings. The business is as follows:

North Berwick Company, woolens: William Hill, pres-
ident; William Hobbs, agent; established 1831; rebuilt
1862; more fully described elsewhere.

Carding and woolen yarns: J. M. Hobbs.

Plows and agricultural implements: Timothy B. Hus-
sey, since 1855; established by William Hussey, inventor
of the Hussey plows, in 1835. Their plows, after a trial
of more than thirty years in New England, have acquired
a reputation complimentary alike to the place and the
manufacturer.

Prescott’s stove polish: J. L. Prescott & Co., since
1878, established by J. L. Prescott in 1869; steam-power,
employs 18 operatives, and puts up 1200 to 1500 gross
per month.

Box manufacturers : Samuel Buffum & Co., wood boxes,
etc., since 1864; established 1855, by William R. Tober.

Bricks: H. A. Butler.

Carriages: Picot & Day, established in 1878.

Coffins and caskets: Oliver Meader, John F. Staples,
undertakers.

Smiths: F. A. & N. C. Knight, established in 1866;
A. J. Allen; Andrew J. Sargent.

Painter: H. T. Cavanaugh.

Tailor: H. 8. Kidder.

Harness: G. 8. Mansfield, established in 1874; B. F.
Place, established in 1859.

Boots and shoes: C. HE. Snow, established in 1845, at

 

the age of twenty-one,—the oldest business house in the
village; F. Johnson.
Jeweler: Charles H. Welch, established in 1879.
Photographs: G. A. Hanson.
General stores: J. C. Barston, established in 1878;

- George H. Snow, the oldest mercantile house in the town,

established in 1846, at the age of twenty. Mr. Snow was
previously clerk for F. W. Rogers for six years.

Co-operative store: Hon. John Hall, president; John
A. Dennett, secretary; D. R. Ford, agent; established
under the auspices of North Berwick Grange, No. 103, and
opened to public investors in May, 1879.

Groceries and drugs: H. 8. Fall, established in 1869.

Drugs and stationery: J. O. McOrrison & Co., in com-
pany with Charles H. Pierce, in 1876; established by J.
R. Colby, with circulating library, in 1873.

Stationery and fancy goods: B. Albert Parker; William
H. Tibbets, fancy goods, established in 1875.

Millinery: C. H. Hicks, established in 1875; F. O.
Johnson.

Dry goods: C. H. Littlefield, established in 1879.

Stoves and tinware: Joseph A. Hanson, established in
1873; runs sale-wagon and supplies peddlers.

Meats: E. B. Johnson.

Livery-stables: Isaiah Buffum; F. O. Johnson.

Hotels: Pine-Tree, Moses Furbish, 1879, formerly J.
W. Stackpole; North Berwick, Mrs. Lydia A. Hurd, since
1876 ; erected by Charles Ricker, in 1854.

American Express: C. W. Greenleaf, agent ; succeeded
the Eastern Express Company, in 1879.

Telegraph: W. 8S. Dyer, private line; Western Union,
by railroad lines. The Atlantic and Pacific line by county
roads from Portland to Boston, via Alfred and Dover, N. H.,
passes through the town, but has no office.

North Berwick National Bank: Organized March 3,
1860, as a State bank, with a capital of $50,000. William
Hill, president; Pelatiah Hussey, cashier. Converted into
a national bank in July, 1865. Charles W. Greenleaf
succeeded Mr. Hussey as cashier in July, 1871. In No-
vember, 1870, it was entered by burglars, and $2500 of
bank and $4000 private assets abstracted.

Lawyer: Hon. Nathaniel Hobbs.

Physicians: S. A. Nash, established in 1872; J. O.
McOrrison, established in 1876.

Dentist: E. M. Sargent, since 1877.

Insurance: David 8, Austin, since 1874,

Mails: Daily by railroad; Miss Sarah F. Hobbs, post-
mistress. A post-office formerly at Bonny Beag, in the
northeast corner of the town, was closed by the department
in September, 1879.

INCORPORATION.

The town of North Berwick was incorporated by an act
of the Legislature passed March 21st, and approved March
22,1831. The inhabitants were required to pay their por-
tion of previously-assessed taxes, and received their share
of the old town stock of powder, balls, flints, and camp-
equipage.

The first election for town officers was held at Elder
Nathaniel Lord's meeting-house, two miles from Bonny
 

AW woinlag HLbON'TIIH WWITTIM 40°S3Y

 

 

 
 

NORTH BERWICK WOOLEN FACTORY.
WILLIAM HILL, PRESIDENT ANO TREASURER, NORTH BERWICK, ME.
TOWN OF NORTH BERWICK. 307

 

Beag Pond, on the Oak Wood road, April 4,1831. Daniel
Clark presided as moderator.

Sheldon Hobbs was elected Town Clerk; William Wey-
mouth, John Chase, and Jairus Came, Selectmen, Assessors,
and Overseers of the Poor; Isaac Frost for Doughty’s Falls
district, Benajah Hall, for Beech Ridge district, and John
Young, for Bonny Beag district, Constables and Collectors ;
Sheldon Hobbs, Treasurer and Clerk of the Market ; William
Weymouth, George Heard, Mark Nowell, Jr., School Com-
mittee ; 16 field-drivers and fence-viewers, 9 surveyors of
lumber, 4 lot-layers, 2 sealers of leather, a pound-keeper,
and the following-named persons, living in various parts of
the town, were elected supervisors of highways to expend
an appropriation of $1500: Benjamin Heard, Ivory Libby,
James Estes, John Young, John M. Hanson, Samuel Still-
ings, John Abbott, Jr., Peter Grant, Jr., Caleb Ford, Jr.,
Isaiah Johnson, Oliver Hill, John Hammons, Stephen
Quint, Stephen Harris, William Gubtail (24), Abram Jun-
kens, Ich’d Wentworth, William Hall, Francis Chadbourne,
William Hussey, Isaac Frost, Uriah Chadbourne, Miles
Brackett, Richard Yeaton.

The town has always been classified as the Doughty's
Falls, Beech Ridge, and Bonny Beag districts, and one
selectman, who is also assessor and overseer of the poor,
elected annually from each district. Elections were held in
the old church until 1876, when it was abandoned, and the
town business transferred to a hall in the village of South
Berwick.

CIVIL LIST.

TOWN CLERKS.

Sheldon Hobbs, 1831-36; George Hurd, 1837; Philander Hartwell,
1838-42 ; James Johnson, 1843; Sheldon Hobbs, 1844-52; Nathan
Neal, 1853-55; John Johnson, 1856-65; John Hamilton, 1866-
67; George W. Gray, 1868-71; David S. Austin, 1875; William
H. Baston, 1877-78.

SELECTMEN.

1831.—James Came, William Weymouth, John Chase.
1832-35.—William Weymouth, John Chase, Isaac Buffom.
1836.—William Weymouth, John Chase, Isaac M. Hobbs.
1837.—William Weymouth, John Chase, Samuel Hanscomb.
1838.—Joseph Weymouth, Daniel Clark, Samuel Hanscomb.
1839.—Levi Hanscomb (2d), William Weymouth, Daniel Clark.
1840.—Joseph G. Goodwin, Levi Hanscomb, William Weymouth.
184142.—Daniel Clark, Isaac M. Hobbs, William Hall.
1843.—Joseph G. Goodwin, Jacob Prescott, Ivory Libbey.
1844,—Joseph G. Goodwin, Peter Grant, Levi Hanscomb.
1845.—Joseph G. Goodwin, Peter Grant, William Hall.
1846.—Joseph G. Goodwin, William Stanley, William Hall.
1847-48.—Peter Grant, Isaac M. Hobbs, William Hall.
1849.—Samuel Hanscomb, J. Goodwin, John Johnson.
1850.—Mark Nowell, Levi Hanscomb (2d), John Johnson.
1851.—Joseph G. Goodwin, Levi Hanscomb (2d), John Johnson.
1852.—Haven A. Butler, Levi Hanscomb (2d), John Johnson.
1853-54.—Haven A. Butler, William Hall, Daniel Quint.
1855.—James G. Page, Mark Johnson (2d), Joshua Hurd.
1856-57.—Haven A. Butler, Levi Hanscomb, Peter G. Ford.
1858.—Haven A. Butler, William R. Clark, Joseph Staples.
1859.—Haven A. Butler, William R. Clark, William W. Johnson.
1860-61.—Haven A. Butler, Stephen Ford (2d), Benajah Hall. ~
1862.—Haven A. Butler, Benajah Hall, Ezra Billings.
1863.—Haven A. Butler, Ezra Billings, Andrew Chase.
1864,—Isaac Hobbs, Gilman Ham, Andrew Chase.

1865.—Haven A. Butler, Gilman Ham, Benajah Hall.
1866-67..-Haven A. Butler, George H. Wentworth, John Hall.
1868.—Haven A. Butler, Stephen Ford, Levi Hanscomb.
1869-71.—Haven A. Butler, George H. Wentworth, John G. Hall.

_ shillings for every such offense in the future.

 

1875.—George H. Wentworth, A. C. Buffam, Seth Dillingham.
1877.—George H. Wentworth, David S. Austin, Herbert L. Abbott.
1878.—David S. Austin, Hollis G. Ham, Mark W. Chase.

CHURCHES.
FRIENDS.

From what can be gathered, it appears the Friends
formed one of the earliest organizations in the town. Soon
after 1742 a society was gathered here, which has continued
in existence to the present. ‘The first meeting-house stood
on the Oak Woods road, south of Bonny Beag, where quite
a settlement of Friends existed. Removals and deaths
thinned the number, and as the house fell to decay it was
taken down and the present one built about one mile south-
west from the village. In the days of its union this society
was quite prosperous. Unfortunately, a want of harmony
on doctrinal points divides the councils of the society. In
1750 a meeting was regularly established, a meeting-house
built, and a preparative granted. In 1751 the Dover monthly
meeting commenced, holding their monthly meetings at
Berwick (as then called) for the accommodation of the
Friends in this part of Maine. This arrangement lasted
till 1802, when a separate monthly meeting was estab-
lished,—the members of Eliot and Berwick constituting
it. No quarterly meeting has ever been held here.

FIRST BAPTIST CHURCH IN BERWICK.

In 1681 several persons were baptized in Kittery by
ministers of the Baptist faith. These united to the Bap-
tist Church in Boston, Mass., this being the nearest one to
them. A house had been erected there amid much opposi-
tion in 1679, but was nailed up by the marshal, under the
law of the commonwealth, and a paper put upon the doors
forbidding their being opened without permission from the
General Court. The society, however, had continued to
exist.

William Screven, one of the’ Kittery converts, an early
emigrant from England, was selected as the leader, and he
was licensed by the church at Boston to exercise his gifts
at Kittery or elsewhere, as the providence of God might
cast him. The Kittery brethren soon gained in numbers,
and attempted to form a separate church. In this they
were violently opposed by the Congregationalists both in
Maine and Massachusetts, who considered the Baptists ‘‘ as
religious fanatics, and their doctrines and influence most
deleterious to the welfare of both society and religion.”
No sooner was the design of the few Baptists heard of in
the town than Mr. Woodbridge, the minister, and Mr.
Hucke, the magistrate, began to bestir themselves, and the

‘magistrate summoned those people who had been to the

Baptist meeting, and threatened them with a fine of five
During the
same summer the General Court for the province of Maine
summoned Rev. Mr. Screven to appear before them, sub- -
jected him to trial, and placed him under bonds for good
behavior. The court record of Aug. 17, 1682, recites that

' “refusing to submit himself to the sentence of the court

prohibiting his public preaching, the delinquent stand
committed until the judgment of this court be fulfilled.”
For the next offense he was fined £10, and forbidden
‘under any pretense to hold any private exercises at his
308

HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

own house, or elsewhere, on the Lord's day, either in Kit-
tery or any other place within this province; and in future
he is enjoined to attend worship in our public assemblies
upon the Lord’s day, according to the laws established in
this province, upon such penalties as the law requires upon
neglect of the premises.”

Though violence, fines, and imprisonment were now
threatening this little band, they continued to worship
according to their belief, and on the 25th of September,
1682, Rev. Isaac Hull, of the Boston church, assisted
them in forming a separate organization.

The determined opposition of the authorities during the
ensuing year caused the more timid members to forsake the
new church, while Rev. Mr. Screven—like the Puritans—
sought refuge in flight, and, with the remainder of his flock,
settled upon the more hospitable shores of South Carolina.

It was not until 1763, eighty-five years after, that another
effort was made to establish a church at Kittery. In 1765,
Rev. Hezekiah Smith, an evangelist, who had labored with
the people throughout Massachusetts, began to extend his
tours to the destitute regions of New Hampshire and the
province of Maine, and to “receive any persons into the
church whom they should esteem to be meet subjects, pro-
vided they live at such distance they cannot be received into
the church in the usual order.” He baptized a Congrega-
tionalist minister and two deacons in Nottingham, and also
Otis Robinson, afterwards the first settled Baptist minister
in Sanford, at Livermore, N. H.

In 1767, Rev. Mr. Smith preached at Great Hill, in
Berwick, and received his converts as members of his
church in Haverhill. July 8, 1768, “ Elder” Greenleaf,
Deacon Jacob Whittier, and Deacon Samuel Shepard dis-
missed these members and constituted them a church in
Berwick. They were called on the town records ‘‘ members
of the First Antipedo Baptist Church of Christ in Boston.”
Twelve other churches were established from the Haverhill
church about the same time.

Previous to the visits of Rev. Mr. Smith, Joshua Emery
had separated from the Congregationalist connection and
brought upon himself much ridicule, with the name of
New Light applied to him by his enemies. He was a man
of eminent talents, and had been previously highly respected.
Mr. Smith came by his invitation, and soon found in him
an able assistant.

The articles of faith were signed June 28, 1768, by
Joshua Emery, Wm. Taft, James Lord, Thomas Jelleson,
Richard Thurell, Abraham Lord, Jr., Richard Dean,
Ephraim Blaisdell, James Jackson, John Gowen, John
Knight, Adah Emery, Mary Knight, Sarah Lord, Mary
Grant, Mary Jackson, and Elizabeth Lord.

Joshua Emery was chosen elder and general moderator,

John Knight deacon and clerk. Elder Emery, though.

never ordained, was for many years the preacher of this
church.

Baptists were partially relieved from ministerial taxes on
presenting certificates of having organized for the support of
Baptist preaching. To make the organization legal it was
necessary to have the approval of three other churches,
Accordingly, Joshua Emery, “teacher,” was sent and re-
ceived in fellowship by the First and Second Baptist

 

. himself from his lands.

Churches in Boston and First Baptist Church in Haver-
hill. In August following, certificates were filed by Hben-
ezer Dennett, James Gray, John Gowen, and John Emery
in the First Parish, and Gabriel Hamilton, Richard Ricker,
George Brown, and Abraham Lord in the North Parish.
They were still taxed. Mr. Emery and Mr. Gowen were
both imprisoned, and their property sold for the support of
the Established Church.

Joshua Eaton became a teacher, and by his eloquence
and energy increased the numbers of the church. Those
living in the north part—now Berwick—joined with the
Baptists in Madbury, N. H., and organized the Berwick
and Madbury Church, over which one of their number—
William Hooper—was ordained pastor Aug. 14, 1776.
He was the first Baptist minister ordained in the State.
It is said that his cow was sold for parish taxes after he
commenced preaching. As a member of the convention
which framed the constitution of the State of New Hamp-
shire, he earnestly opposed the connection of Church and
State, in a four days’ debate.

This church was known as the Berwick Church at “ Great
Hill.”

Aug. 18, 1770, Elder Emery was chosen to go to Hayer-
hill and represent their grievances, and, at the same time,
Messrs. Knight, Frost, and Lord were sent to Lebanon “to
enquire into the state of the church there.” Elder Emery
continued to labor as pastor for twenty years, supporting
He was succeeded by Rev. Wm.

' Batchelder, in 1796. Mr. Batchelder was left an orphan

- in Boston, in 1781, at the age of thirteen years.

He was
baptized in 1793, and a month later began to travel and
preach in Maine and New Hampshire. He refused to settle
until called, Oct. 17, 1796, when he accepted the call of

' this church, because, he said, “it was the greatest field of

labor, and the least desirable in a worldly point of view.”

- He attempted the improvement of the schools of the town,

and himself became a teacher. In November, 1805, he
accepted a call to the First Baptist Church in Haverhill,
Mass. Rev. Joshua Chase became the next pastor, in 1807,
was dismissed in 1812, resumed the pastorate in 1822, and
died Feb. 6, 1825, at the age of fifty-six years. Rev. Joseph
Gilpatric was ordained in June, 1826, and removed to
Shapleigh, in 1832. Rev. Nathaniel G. Littlefield became
pastor in 1827, and the church was reorganized under the
name of South Berwick and York. He remained until
1836. Rev. J. Hubbard became pastor in 1837, and com-
menced his labors with a powerful revival, during which he
baptized 77. He was dismissed in 1841. Rev. J. M.
Wedgwood was pastor from 1844 to 1846; Rev. Gideon
Cook to 1848; Rev. W. H. Copeland six years, to 1854;
and Rev. John Hubbard, a second time, to March, 1862.
Rev. I. M. Thompson became pastor in 1864.

There have belonged to this church 400 persons. The
deacons were John Knight, Shem Emery, Benjamin Knight,
James Gray, Nathaniel Walker, Peter Knight, Oliver Bas-
ton, William Shaw, Wm. B. Emery, B. F. Swain, William
Emery, Reuben Dennett.

Joshua and Jedediah Goodwin, John Hubbard, Jr., and
B. F. Hubbard were licensed by this church as preachers.

A meeting-house was built on Great Hill, now South
TOWN OF NORTH BERWICK. 309

 

Berwick, the year the church organized. It was two stories
high, with galleries on three sides, and the pulpit nearly as
high on the fourth. After 1799 it was cut in two and
twenty-four feet added to its length. In 1842, David
Hayes, Peter Knight, and Elijah Hayes, committee, built
a new meeting-house at a cost of about $1000. It was
dedicated Aug. 31, 1843, by Rev. Oliver Barron. In
1866 it was taken down and rebuilt in the new part of the
village, a few rods north of Main Street. The dedication
sermon was preached by Rev. W. H. Shailer, D.D., of
Portland, July 9, 1868.

Since the building of the house of worship in the village
the church has been in a prosperous condition, under the
following pastors: Rev. W. C. Barrows, from 1868 to 1872;
Rev. C. Tibbetts, 1872 to 1876; and Rev. A. De F. Pal-
mer, from 1876 to the present time. The membership has
increased from 38 to 85 since 1868. William Emery and
Reuben Dennett have been deacons and most efficient co-
workers with the pastor during all this time.

FREE-WILL BAPTIST—BEECH RIDGE.

About 1825 there had been a free meeting-house erected
on Beech Ridge, opposite Mrs. Abbott’s. The Methodists
sustained preaching in it for a time, but afterwards it
passed under the control of the Free-Will Baptists through
the efforts of Rev. Mr. Task, a colored man, whose
preaching was most remarkably successful for several years.

Twenty-eight were present at a council called for the pur- |

pose, and a church was constituted. The first clerk was
Francis Hurd. David B. Cowell, of Great Falls, after-
wards preached here, a reformation was experienced, and a
request for ordination was made Feb. 1, 1840, and Mr.
Cowell was ordained the 20th. In June of that year 86
members were reported. Mr. Cowell’s ministry with this
church closed during the summer of 1841, and in August,
E. H. Hart was engaged to supply preaching for the en-
suing year. Membership reported, 79. Before the close
of the year mention is made in records that the church was
without a settled minister. During the summer.of 1842,
Mr. Cowell made a short draft of a church covenant, which
was accepted; but troubles and want of harmony began to
distract the society. The covenant not satisfactory, and a
vote to amend it passed. In November 75 members were
reported. During the winter the temperance question and
other reforms so rent the church that in January, 1843, a
vote was taken to disband, and those whose views could be
made to harmonize began the work of reorganization. Ac-
cordingly a council was convened at Beech Ridge meeting-
house, March 1, 1843. Fourteen members were found to
be united in a wish for a church organization. Their
names were Frederick Hayes and wife, Rufus Hurd and
wife, Benjamin C. Hurd, Daniel Fernald and wife, John
Fernald, John Hall, Solomon N. Hall, Hannah Staples,
Eunice Burd, Mary Chick, and Mercy Thompson. A con-
stitution as adopted by the Free-Will connection was read
and unanimously adopted. Frederick Hayes was chosen
moderator, and John Hall clerk. Mr. Hayes was also chosen
deacon. Elders David Lord and K. B. Davis were pas-
tors in 1843-44. For a few years the society was tran-
siently supplied. The old meeting-house getting out of

 

repair, John Fernald, Rufus Hurd, Deacon Hayes, John
Hall, Horace Hall, and Deacon Horace Heard, formerly of
the Bonny Beag Church, sold the old meeting-house, and
the present neat place of worship was built a mile south the
same year, and also the parsonage near by. To defray the
expenses the pews were sold to the highest bidder. Elder
Theodore Stevens, the first pastor at the new location, dedi-
cated the church in 1860. He was succeeded by Elder
James Nason, pastor, from 1860 to 1874; Rev. N. D. Jones,
1875-76; and Thomas Spooner, Jr., present pastor, ordained
Aug. 14,1877. During six months in 1876, Mrs. Vienna
Rumsey, a widow of Rev. Mr. Rumsey, supplied the pulpit.
Hon. John Hall has been clerk from the reorganization in
1843 until the present time. During his absence as a soldier
in the 27th and 32d Maine Regiments his place was supplied
by a clerk pro tem. Present deacons, Frederick Hayes and
John Hall. Membership, 128.

DOUGHTY’S FALLS.

This Free-Will Baptist Church was organized Dec. 15,
1839, under the preaching of Rev. Joseph Whittimore.
The first members were Ebenezer Hobbs and wife, David S.
Roberts and wife, Jacob Prescott and wife, Ruth Hopkins,
Mehitable Weymouth, Mary Jane Weymouth, and Sally
Johnson. Ebenezer Hobbs was chosen clerk, and David 8.
Roberts deacon. The meeting-house was built in the old part
of the village, in 1835, and dedicated by Rev. Henry Hobbs.
In May, 1842, Rev. David H. Lord was settled over the
church. Rev. Samuel T. Catlin became pastor in 1844;
Gorham P. Ramsey, in 1845; Daniel Clay, 1846; J. M.
Woodman, 1847; John F. Tarrant, 1849; Charles B.
Mills, 1852 ; John Stevens, 1855 ; Theodore Stevens, 1858 ;
Charles C. Libby, 1860; George W. Gould, 1862; Max-
well W. Burlingame, Francis Reed, 1865; A. Caverno,
1867 ; Clarion H. Kimball, 1869 ; Theodore Stevens, 1871 ;
B. P. Parker, 1873; and Rev. E. C. Cook, the present
pastor, in April, 1877.

Deacons: David 8. Roberts, Samuel Snow ; and William
H. Neal, William B. Baston, and Kdwin Junkins, chosen
in February, and ordained March 14,1877. Clerk: Wil-
liam H. Getchell, since 1875, when he succeeded Ebenezer
Hobbs, the first clerk. Mr. Hobbs is the only original
member now living. Membership in 1870 was 98. Pres-
ent, 152. «

BONNY BEAG CHURCH.

In 1841, 14 members were dismissed by letter to form a
church at Bonny Beag, under the name of the Second Free-
Will Baptist Church of North Berwick. Elder Cowell was
instrumental in the formation of this new church, and
preached for them to some extent. Hilder Reynolds was
ordained over them as pastor. In 1842, the Waterborough
Quarterly Meeting held a three days’ session at this church.
It never became strong in numbers, and after an existence
of about ten years it was lost to the connection. Thomas
Hurd was its first deacon. Their meeting-house was near
the old burying-ground, east of Bonny Beag Hill, on the
J. T. Johnson farm.

OAKS WOODS BAPTISTS.

This church is the fruit of missionary labors performed
by the early ministers, who traveled from place to place,
310 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

gathering the people together, sometimes in the open air,
at others in barns and private dwellings. Perhaps none
labored more zealously in this pioneer work than Elder
Nathaniel Lord, who was a constant laborer for years among
this people. Asa result of these labors, a church was or-
ganized May 31, 1804, consisting of 55 members. It was
constituted in what the records style “ Elder Lord’s meet-
ing-house,” afterwards known in that part of the town as
the Town Hall, and used for election purposes until 1877.
Elder Henry Smith was chosen moderator and Elder Wil-
liam Batchelder clerk of the council which met to organize
the church. Letters of dismission from other churches,
with request for a distinct organization, and articles of
faith and covenant, were submitted and read to the council,
and the new church was accepted. Elder Lord became
their first pastor, and served them as such with great faith-
fulness until Aug. 30, 1831, when age and infirmity com-
pelled his retirement. Rev. Philander Hartwell supplied
after Elder Lord’s retirement, till Jan. 25, 1832, when he
was admitted to membership by letter of dismission from
Sanford Church, and became settled pastor April 25th
following. He remained until May 1,1844. Rev. Daniel
Whitehouse and others supplied the pulpit at intervals till
June 12, 1847, when Elder Richard B. Toby became pastor
of thechurch. In 1848 a letter of complaint against him
for intemperate habits was received, and in August, 1849,
a committee of investigation was appointed, the result of
which was a dismission, August 15th of the same year.
In March, 1850, invitation was given Elder William Quint
to occupy the pulpit. By a vote of the church he was re-
ceived as a member, Oct. 8, 1851, since which he has had
pastoral charge. When organized all Baptist churches
stood upon the same articles of faith, and the claim of this
church, which now stands alone among the Baptist churches
of Maine, is that she occupies the same ground as at date
of organization. Owing to differences in doctrinal views,
this church was cut off from its connection with the York
Association of Baptist churches in 1835, since which it
has remained entirely distinct from them. Its views are
embodied in the following articles of faith :

Article 1st. We believe in one only true and living God, and that
there are three persons in the Godhead—the Father, Son, and Holy
Ghost. 1 Cor. viii. 6; Isa. xliii. 11.

2d. We believe that the Scriptures of the Old and New Testaments
are the Word of God, and that they are to the church the only rule
of faith and practice. 2 Tim. iii. 16; 2 Peter i. 21.

3d. We believe in the doctrine of original sin. Eph. ii. 1; Rom.
iii. 11-18.

4th. We believe in man’s entire impotency to recover himself from
the fallen state he is in by nature, by his own free will or human
ability. 1 Cor. ii. 14; John iii. 19; Rom. viii. 7, 8.

5th. We believe that sinners are justified in the sight of God only
by the imputed righteousness of Christ. Rom. iv. 6; 1 Cor. i. 30;
Rom. iii. 24, 25.

6th. We believe that the atonement was for the church, the sheep
and lambs of Christ, the elect or entire family of God. For He loved
the church and gave himself for it that he might sanctify and cleanse
it with the washing of water by the word. Eph. v. 25-27; also Isa.
ly. 6; Rom. viii. 32-35; Eph. i.4; Matt. i. 21.

7th. We believe that the church, the sheep and lambs, the elect or
the whole family of God, are called by grace from their state of nature
and death into the light of the gospel, as saith the Apostle, “ Who
hath saved us and called us with a holy calling, not according to our
works, but according to His own purpose and grace, which was given

 

us in Christ Jesus before the world began.” 2 Tim.i.9; Isa. li. 11;
Eph. i.4; Rom. viii. 30; xi. 5-7; 1 Peter i. 2; Isa. liv. 13.

8th. We believe that baptism and the Lord’s Supper are ordinances
of Christ,and that true believers are the subjects of those ordinances,
and that the true mode of baptism is immersion. Matt. iii, 13-16;
Acts viii. 38.

9th. We believe the saints will persevere in grace and never fall
finally away. 1 Peter i. 3-5; John x. 28; Phil. i.2; Rom. xviii.
28-39,

10th. We believe in the resurrection of the dead and a general
judgment. Acts xxiv. 15; John v. 28, 29; Acts xvii. 31.

llth. We believe that the punishment of the wicked will be ever-
lasting, and that the joy of the rightcous will be eternal.

12th. We believe that no ministers have a right to the administra-
tion, only such as are regularly called and come under imposition of
hands by the Presbytery.

13th. We believe that Christ and the Apostles had no other or-
ganization for the worship of God but the church. Matt. xv. 9; 2
John i. 10, 11.

The meeting-house spoken of in records as Elder Lord’s
was built in November, 1781, as near as can be ascertained
in absence of records bearing upon the point, and the sill
was laid by compass to correspond with an old range-line
that passed here. The present meeting-house and parson-
age were erected in April, 1852. The deacons have been

Robert Ford and Thomas D. Fernald. After them came

A. Fernald, Joseph Perkins, Samuel Staples, Ivory Libby,
Isaiah Johnson, J. C. Hatch ; the last three are serving at
the present time.

Elder Lord was born Sept. 14, 1754; was baptized near
Great Works; ordained over church in Wells, 1780; was
twice married; his second wife was Elizabeth, widow of

- Tobias Wentworth, of Rollinsford, whose maiden name was

Roberts; in the last years of his life he became nearly
blind, and to prepare him for his Sabbath labors his wife
would read the chapter in which his text was found and

. hymns suitable to the theme to be discussed, after which

his retentive memory did the rest ; he died April 8, 1832,
aged seventy-eight, over fifty years of which he spent in
the ministry. He was buried on a knoll selected by himself
back from the road on a farm owned by the Hussey brothers;
beside his grave are those of his two wives, all marked by
unlettered stones. To the credit of the town in which he
spent so much of his laborious life, an effort is being made
to raise a fund sufficient to purchase a plain monument for
his grave.

The membership of the church at the time of his death

"was 106. Present membership, 120. Deacons, Ivory Libby,

Joshua Hatch; Clerk, R. F. Staples.

ASSOCIATIONS.

MASONS.

Yorkshire Lodge, No.179, F. A. M., was organized Sept.
18, 1875, with Benjamin P. Parker, W. M.; Charles H.
Getchell, S. W.; William H. Littlefield, J. W.; Nathaniel
Hobbs, Treas.; C. W. Greenleaf, Sec.; Charles ©. Nason,
8. D.; Frank A. Knight, J. D.; W. O. Pike, 8. 8.; Hiram
G. McCrellis, J. S.; E. W. Sargent, Tyler. The officers
in November, 1879, were George 8S. Dutch, W. M.; Wes-
ley Webber, 8. W.; W. C. Pike, J. W. ; Nathaniel Hobbs,
Treas. ; C. W. Greenleaf, Sec. ; W. H. Littlefield, 8. D. J. 7
D. Austin, J.D. Membership, 40.
 

MRS. J. L. PRESCOTT.

PRESCOTT.

JAMES L.

JAMES L. PRESCOTT.

James Prescott, the progenitor of the family in
America, emigrated from England and settled in
Hampton, N. H.,in 1665. He married Mary Boul-
ter, daughter of Nathaniel and Grace Boulter, of
Hampton. He removed to Kingston, N. H. (being
one of the grantees of that town), where he died in
1728.

The genealogy of the family is traced as follows:
James Prescott, son of James Prescott above men-
tioned, born Sept. 1, 1671, married, March 1, 1695,
Maria Marston; Samuel Prescott, born March 14,
1697, married, Dec. 17, 1717, Mary Sanborn; Jer-
emiah Prescott, born Sept. 29, 1718, married, Jan.
15, 1741, Mary Hayes; Jeremiah (Col.) Prescott, born
Dec. 22, 1741, married Jane Sherburne in January,
1764; Amos Prescott, born in December, 1784,
married Anna, daughter of Theophilus Cass, of
Epsom, N. H.; Amos Prescott, the father of the
subject of our sketch, born Dec. 6, 1806, married,
Oct. 18, 1826, Lydia H., daughter of Gregory
Dugan, of Holderness, N. H.; James Lewis (of
whom we write), born in Epsom, N. H., March 8,
1828, married Dec. 22, 1847, Harriet M., daughter
of Jeremiah and Chloe Tripp, of Epsom. She was
born March 14, 1831. ‘They had issue, eight sons
and one daughter, namely,—Lewis Morrill, born
March 29, 1852, died Sept. 6, 1852; Amos Lewis,
born April 3, 1853; William Warren, born Sept.
2, 1855; Charles Henry, born Aug. 3, 1857; Har-
riet Isabel, born Aug. 16, 1861; George Morrill,
born Sept. 8, 1863, died Dec. 4, 1869 ; James Eddie,
born April 16, 1866, died Dec. 11, 1869; Frank

 

Howard, born June 19, 1868, died Dec. 15, 1869;
and Fred. Everett, born Feb. 20, 1871.

James L. Prescott spent his youth on the farm
and in the common schools of his native town. At
the age of sixteen he served a short apprenticeship
with William Swaine, a shoe manufacturer of Chi-
chester, N. H. After his marriage he followed his
trade in Epsom and other places in New Hampshire
ti]l April, 1859, when he moved to Wells, Me.
In May, 1864, he removed to North Berwick, and
continued the manufacture of shoes there until the
fall of 1867. In the spring of 1868 he engaged
as traveling salesman for C. W. Greenleaf & Co.,
who engaged about this time in the manufacture of
Clark’s Mirror Stove Polish, which position he filled
successfully for two years, when he purchased the
entire business, and originated a new style, name,
and quality in the manufacture of this polish. The
business is now conducted under the firm-name of
J. L. Prescott & Co., his partner being his son
(Amos Lewis). Their goods are extensively sold in
all the markets of the New England States, and
in the West and Southwest.

Mr. Prescott is a Republican, but never sought
political preferment. Since 1859 both he and his
wife have been consistent and exemplary members
of the Seventh Day Adventists’ Church. He is a
man of strict integrity, scrupulously honest and up-
right in all his dealings. He has always contributed
with a liberal hand to the poor and needy, and to
various benevolent enterprises. He combines in his
character the best elements of a man and a citizen.
TOWN OF NORTH BERWICK. 311

 

ODD-FELLOWS.

Eagle Lodge, No. 47, was instituted Jan. 30, 1875, with
William H. Littlefield, N. G.; Howard S. Fall, V. G.;
William B. Baston, Sec.; Edward Baston, Treas. The
officers in November, 1879, were William H. Getchell,
N. G.; William B. Baston, V. G.; D. 8. Austin, R.8.;
William B. Littlefield, F. S.; Charles Evans, Treas.

Columbian Encampment, No. 10, was organized Dee.
12, 1876. The officers were William B. Littlefield, ©. P.;
George H. Wentworth, H. P.; William H. Littlefield,
S. W.; William B. Baston, Scribe; 8. P. Boody, Treas. ;
William H. Getchell, J. W. The officers in November,
1879, were William B. Baston, C. P.; William H. Getchell,
H. P.; Lindley H. Estes, S. W.; Chester A. Hayes, J. W.;
David 8. Austin, Scribe; John F. Staples, Treas. Mem-
bership, 26.

DAUGHTERS OF REBEKAH.

Ray of Hope, No. 8, was chartered Aug. 8, 1876, after
having worked under dispensation since Dec. 25, 1875.
The officers are William H. Littlefield, N. G.; David S.
Austin, See.; Lucy Guptil, V.G.; Mary Furbish, Sec. ;
Eunice Drew, Treas. The officers in November, 1879,
were Mary A. Baston, N. G.; Eunice Drew, V.G.; Maria
Rhoades, R. Sec.; Josie G. Austin, F. Sec.; Mary Cook,
Treas. Membership, 73.

The Odd-Fellows’ Hall is a large three-story building,
erected in 1877 by a stock company composed of members
of the lodge.

PATRONS OF HUSBANDRY.

North Berwick Grange, No. 103, was established in
1875, with John A. Dennett, Master; F. O. Johnson,
Overseer; Deacon William Emery, Chaplain. Mrs. S. H.
Atwood, Mrs. Jane Dennett, and Mrs. Morrell were among
"the first officers. The present officers are N. M. Sherbourne,
Master; John E. Hobbs, Overseer; Reuben Dennett,
Chaplain; John A. Dennett, Sec. A supply-store was
opened soon after, and is now a co-operative store for the
benefit of the general public.

THE NORTH BERWICK CORNET BAND,

twenty pieces, was organized in the spring of 1879 with
Charles Neal leader and Charles Cook marshal.

SCHOOLS.

At the first town-election, in 1831, $600 were voted for
the support of the schools.

There were, in 1870, 16 school districts, 1 graded school
and 16 school-houses, with an estimated value of $4450. The
number of children between the ages of four and twenty-
one years was 540; average attendance, 253; and the
amount of money voted was $1500.

In 1878 there were 635 scholars, 452 registered, and an
appropriation of $3169, of which $2500 were raised by
town tax. There were $660 expended for instruction in
the high school at North Berwick village during the three
terms taught in that year, under the administration of
Joseph Stackpole, Esq., supervisor.

 

LAWYERS.

Sheldon Hobbs, Esq., though not a member of the bar,
was a magistrate and conveyancer for many years, an officer
of the old town and moderater of the first meeting in the
new one. He was a man of ability and influence.

Horatio G. Herrick, the first lawyer, graduate of Bow-
doin, 1844, practiced law at North Berwick from 1851 to
1855, when he removed to Massachusetts. In 1863 he
was a United States provost-marshal, and in 1870 was
sheriff of Essex Co., Mass., and a commissioner of jails.

Timothy H. Hubbard was located at South Berwick village
from 1856 to his death. A greater portion of his last years
was spent in Biddeford. He represented his town in the
State Legislature, and was otherwise prominent.

Austin Edgerly, from Biddeford, was a partner of Mr.
Hubbard, and remained in North Berwick a short time
after his decease.

8. I. Kimball, son of I. 8S. Kimball, of Sanford, now at
Washington, D. C., practiced law here a short time.

Hon. Nathaniel Hobbs, a descendant of one of the oldest
families of Berwick, has practiced law in the town since
1860. He was made judge of probate Jan. 3, 1873, and
is now filling a second term in that office. He was elected
a member of the State Senate in 1876.

PROMINENT MEN.

Israel Chadbourne was born in North Berwick, Nov. 1,
1788, and moved to Alfred in 1831. He was jailer from
1831 to 1837, and sheriff from 1837 to 1854, with the
exception of two years. It was while in this office that he
became so well and favorably known throughout the county.
In October, 1864, he was elected president of the Alfred
Bank, and continued to discharge the perplexing duties of
that position with ability till his death, June 5, 1865.
Mr. Chadbourne was for many years one of the trusted
leaders of the Democratic party in this county.

Among early prominent citizens were Isaac Varney, who
came to the place to make hats, Nicholas Morrill, the early
proprietor of the village, Moses Hussey, Capt. William
Hall, Samuel Hanscom, and Andrew Chase. These were
succeeded by Joseph G. Goodwin, William Weymouth,
John Chase, Daniel Clark, Levi Hanscom, Isaac W.
Hobbs, Jacob Prescott, George Hurd, and John Johnson.

Among the present are Timothy B. Hussey, a prominent
manufacturer and leader among the Friends, Samuel Buf
fum, George H. Wentworth, John Hall, who has been
county treasurer and member of the Senate, and a leading
man in public affairs generally, Charles W. Greenleaf,
Joshua Hurd, and H. A. Butler. Mr. Butler, who has
been justice of the peace since 1844, began his public life
as a school commissioner of Berwick, at the age of twenty-
one; has been a selectman for many years; and in the State
Legislature, as a representative of a Democratic constituency
in 1864, voted to sustain the war measures of the republic.

PHYSICIANS.

George D. Staples, M.D., a native of Limington, and a
graduate of Brunswick in 1838, practiced here; he came
from Lebanon in 1846, and resided at North Berwick until
his death, in February, 1878, at the age of seventy years.
312 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

Samuel A. Nash, M.D., a native of Raymond, graduated
at Bowdoin College in 1869, at the age of twenty-nine,
and practiced medicine in Scarborough until his removal
to North Berwick, in 1872.

QO. B. Hanson, M.D., was here a while in 1879.

J. O. McOrrison, M.D., graduated at Bowdoin in June,
1878, and succeeded to the practice of Dr. Staples on his
decease.

L. F. Buzzell has also practiced medicine at North
Berwick.

 

BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES.

ISAAC VARNEY,

son of Thomas and Huldah (Hanson) Varney, natives of
Dover, N. H., was born in Dover, Third month 24th,
1789. He was a direct descendant in the fifth generation
from Humphrey Varney, who came from England about
the year 1650, and settled at Dover, N. H.

His educational advantages were limited to the common
school. His father dying when he was quite young, he
was apprenticed to Micajah Purinton, a hat manufacturer,
of Dover, N. H., and for two years after attaining his ma-
jority he worked at his trade in Portsmouth, when he
removed to North Berwick, and formed a copartnership

with Joshua Meader, for the manufacture of hats. This:

business relation continued but a few years, when he sold
out and commenced the same business by himself, which he
successfully carried on for several years, when he discon-
tinued it and purchased an interest in the Lang Woolen-
Factory, of John D. Lang and William Hill. He remained
with them several years, when he sold to his partners.
After building what is now the “‘ Varney Block,” in Dover,
N. H., he retired from business. He married, Sixth month
2d, 1814, Miriam, daughter of Paul Rogers, of North Ber-
wick. She died Third month 28th, 1855. Of his family
of four children only two are now living, namely, Phebe
M., born First month Ist, 1821, wife of Timothy Earle, of
Valley Falls, R. I.; and Isaac H., born Fourth month 12th,
1833, now resides at North Berwick, on the old homestead.

For his second wife he married, Third month 26th, 1857,
Eliza P., daughter of Joseph and Sarah P. Tuttle, of Dover,
N. H., the former of whom was for many years a minister
of the Society of Friends at that place. In politics Mr.
Varney was originally a Whig, but afterwards a Republi-
can. He was never an office-seeker.

In religious faith he was a Friend or Quaker from birth,
his parents both being of that faith.* Mr. Varney left a
wife and two children to mourn his loss, and as inheritors
of an easy competence,—the result of his industry and
frugality ; and, what is richer still, the memory of wise pre-
cepts, good examples, and a useful, busy, and blameless life.

 

* He retained his faculties in a remarkable degree, and was capa-
ble of transacting business until within a few days of his decease.
Just before his death he said, “This has been a beautiful world to
me, and I have enjoyed much in it. If it is my Heavenly Father’s
will to take me home, I cheerfully give up all.”

 

WILLIAM HILL,

son of John and Eunice (Libby) Hill, natives of Eliot,
York Co., Me., was born in Eliot, Second month 28th, 1799.
His paternal grandfather, John Hill, was also a native of
Eliot, and descended from one of two brothers who were of
English birth, and emigrated to America during the early
settlement of the New England States, one settling in New
Hampshire and the other in Maine. His grandmother Hill
was shot by an Indian while returning from church with
her husband, both being on the back of one horse, this
being a usual mode of traveling in those days. No ex-
traordinary events mark the life of William Hill. From
boyhood to old age his career has becn one of activity,
care, and usefulness.

In early life he went into the busy world to carve out a
fortune for himself, and the principles of economy and
industry, so well learned when young, have governed his
life throughout. His educational opportunities in boyhood
were limited to the common school. From the ages of six-
teen to twenty-one he was an apprentice of Timothy Buf-
fum, a house-carpenter of North Berwick, and for two years
after reaching his majority followed his trade. He married
(First month 25th, 1823) Elizabeth, daughter of Samuel
and Hannah Buffum, of North Berwick. She was born
Ninth month 18th, 1802, and died Ninth month 26th,
1859. Of his family of thirteen children only five reached
manhood and womanhood, namely, Charles H., born Second
month 27th, 1827, of Stamford, Conn. ; William, born Sixth
month 6th, 1832, died Second month 5th, 1848; Elizabeth
A., born Fourth month 21st, 1838 (wife of Joseph D. Tay-
lor, of Cambridge, Ohio) ; Mary R., born Third month 27th,
1839 (wife of William Hobbs, of North Berwick) ; Edward,
born Fifth month 13th, 1840, of Brooklyn, N. Y. He mar-
ried for his second wife Sarah M., daughter of Thomas K.
and Sylvia R. Wilbur, of Dartmouth, Mass. She was born
First month 28th, 1824, and died Twelfth month 27th,
1872. Immediately after his first marriage he removed to
Great Falls, N. H., and resided in the first house erected
in that place. He followed the business of machine-building
until 1832, when, having purchased a half-interest in the
“Lang Woolen-Factory” at North Berwick, he removed to
that place. Since 1837, by an act of incorporation, the
business relation has been designated as the “ North Ber-
wick Company.” Mr. Hill is principal owner of the stock,
and since 1859 has controlled the business, and successfully
carried on this manufacturing interest.

Seemingly, his manufacturing interest not being sufficient
for his business capacity, he has been for many years one
of the leading agriculturists of York County, and connected
with many other enterprises of a business character. He
obtained the charter for the North Berwick Bank, now the
North Berwick National Bank, established in 1860, and
has been its president since. For several years he was
president of the Dover and Winnipiseogee Railroad, of the
Newichawannock Woolen Company, of South Berwick, and
of the Great Falls Woolen Company, of New Hampshire.
Mr. Hill’s rare financial and business ability, his sound con-
clusions of future results, and sagacity, have given stability
to these various enterprises, and retained to a full extent the
confidence of the public.
 

A221 )
VE.

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ah
 
TOWN OF NORTH BERWICK.

313

 

Tn politics he was formerly a Whig, and became a Repub-
lican upon the organization of that party. He has never
sought political preferment in any way, although often ear-
nestly solicited to accept office. Although nurtured under
the influence and teachings of the Congregational Church,
of which his parents were members, and his father a deacon
for many years, he at the age of twenty-two became a
member of the Society of Friends, and for fifty-four con-

\

ALBERT C. BUFFUM.

ALBERT C. BUFFUM,

son of Jonathan and Sally (Bassett) Buffum, was born in
North Berwick, May 25,1818. His father, also a native of
North Berwick, was born Feb. 21, 1776, and his mother, of
Lynn, Mass., was born Nov. 1, 1777. They were married
at Wolfboro’, N. H., July 22, 1812, and reared a family of
five children, two of whom are now living—Albert C.
and Joshua, born Sept. 26, 1820, a resident of New York
City. Robert and Tamizin Buffum, the emigrants, came to
America during the early settlement of the New England
States, and settled at Salem, Mass. Joshua, a lineal de-
scendant, came at an early day from Salem, and settled
in the town of Berwick, near Salmon Falls. He married
Sarah Estes, by whom he had children, Joshua, John,
Samuel, Mary, Elizabeth, Lydia, and Hannah, all of whom
but one married and reared families. Joshua, his son,
married Patience Rogers, of Newbury, Mass. Their chil-
dren were Jonathan, John, Aaron, Joshua, Jacob, Samuel,
Sarah, James, Lydia, Patience, Eunice, and Dorcas. He
settled on the farm upon which Albert C. now resides.
He was a tanner by trade. Jonathan, the father of our

40

 

secutive years attended their annual gathering at Newport,
R. I.

Asa citizen he is universally respected, possessing a strong
hold upon the affections of the people. Having passed the
age allotted to humanity by the Psalmist, he yet enjoys gen-
eral good health and the retention of all his faculties. In-
deed, his is a vigorous old age, which is the inevitable re-
ward of a temperate youth and a discreet manhood.

 

MRS. ALBERT C. BUFFUM.

subject, in addition to farming, was a tanner and shoemaker.
John Buffum, brother of Jonathan, married Lydia Estes,
by whom he had five children, two of whom are now living,
viz., Mrs. Maria Jones, of Brunswick, and John Henry
Buffum, of Lynn, Mass. Albert C. passed his youth at
home, and his education was limited to the common school,
with one term at the high school at North Berwick. From
the winter of 1839 to 1850 he taught school and worked
on the farm summers. In 1840 he bought his uncle John’s
interest in the farm which he had owned since 1808, and
took charge of the home-farm, his father residing with him
till his death, Jan. 25, 1848. His mother died March 2,
1842. He married Oct. 27,1848, Huldah S., daughter of
Joshua and Hannah Hoag, of New Hampshire. They have
no children.

In polities he was formerly a Whig, but latterly a Repub-
lican. Has been selectman of his town two years.

In religious faith he is a Quaker. Mr. Buffum enjoys
the confidence and respect of the community in which he
resides, and in business and social circles occupies a prom-
inent position as an honest and upright citizen.
SOUTH BERWICK.

 

GENERAL DESCRIPTION.

Sourn Brrwick includes the old settlement at Quamp-
hegan Landing, or the parish of Unity, which was in-
corporated in 1673, also known as Newichawannock, after
the name given by the Indians to the Piscataqua River,
from Quamphegan to the junction of the Coheco, Oyster,
Exeter, and New Market Rivers, four miles below.

The town was formed, in 1814, from that portion of Ber-
wick lying south of a line extending northeast from Salmon
Falls. A small triangular part of York, north of Aga-
menticus Mountain, extending to Baker’s Spring, on the
north, at the present angle in the east line, was added in
1834. The town is bounded on the north by Berwick and
North Berwick, on the east by Wells, on the south by
York and Eliot, and on the west by Salmon Falls River,
which separates it from the town of Rolinsford, N. H. It
contains an area of 14,856 acres of land, more than 8000
of which are improved. The surface is moderately uneven
in the north, and hilly in the southern and eastern sections.
Butler Hill, east of the village, commands a charming pros-
pect. The soil in the northern half of the town is mainly

-good. The southern half is more sterile and difficult of
culture. The apple flourishes well, and some enterprising
farmers are giving considerable attention to fruit-culture.
Among them may be named Mark I’. Goodwin, Esq., who
has over one thousand trees. Deposits of good clay for
brick are found, and granite is worked from ledges in the
east.

SETTLEMENT.

The first explorers found the lands about the Great Works
River a dense wilderness, where had been heard no sound
of the woodman’s axe. No sounds broke the stillness of
the primeval solitudes save the music of the waterfall and the
scream of wild beasts or wild, fierce cry of the native savages,
from whose wigwams, near Quamphegan Falls, unmarked
trails led through the dense forests. The woods everywhere
abounded with game, and the waters with fish, so that the
first settlers could, after becoming somewhat schooled in the
difficult art of wood-craft, provide for the necessities of
themselves and their families until the ground began to
yield a part of their support.

Quamphegan, the first point to which settlers were at-
tracted, is a ripple or rapid a mile in length, and nearly
covered by the inflowing tide. The name was given by
the Indians, and meant “ the place where fish are taken in
nets.” The Salmon Falls River was so named from the
abundance of salmon taken in its waters. It is related that
fishermen standing upon the rocks could spear them in great
numbers. They had nearly disappeared by the commence-
ment of the present century. Frost fish, alewives, and
smelts were in great abundance below the Falls.

314

 

A portion of the earliest settlers of Kittery were about
the mouth of Great Works River, as were also many tem-
porary occupants, who came for fish, and lived in rude
cabins. The first occupation appears to have been without
any regard for title, as, eight years previous to 1632, men
are spoken of—but not named—as living at this point.

Walter Neal, agent of Gorges and Mason, made grants of
all the lands in Kittery in 1632~-34,* including, of course,
the northern part of the town, which embraced the lands
of South Berwick at that time. Mr. Neal's residence was
in Kittery—the present town—and at Strawberry Bank,
Portsmouth, N. H., where he had five associates in carry-
ing on the business of lumbering, fishing, and salt-making.
Among these five were Humphrey Chadbourne and
Gibbins, who both lived at Newichawannock [or Berwick]
in 1631. Mr. Chadbourne is mentioned in his biography
as dwelling a few years after 1631 at Strawberry Bank,
Portsmouth, and removing to Newichawannock about the
year 1638-40, when he settled at Great Works, on Chad-
bourne’s River, now Great Works River, in South Berwick.

Other settlers are also mentioned as being there seven
years previous to 1631, among whom were Frost, Shapleigh,
Heard, Chadbourne, Spencer, Broughton, Leader, Plaisted,
and Wincoln. In 1643, Mr. Chadbourne purchased of
Rowles, the sagamore, a tract of land which included a
portion of the site of South Berwick village, and extended
to the river, which was familiarly known as Chadbourne
River. Mr. Thomas Spencer bought of Rowles a body of
land between the Great Works and Salmon Falls Rivers.
The title was given by the “ townsmen” (selectmen), who
were authorized to grant lands, not to exceed 200 acres
each, to the inhabitants. The grant reads,—

 

“Kittery, the 7th of October, 1651, That whereas, there is a certain
parcil of land with a fall of water at Newichawannock, called by the
name of Swamp hegon, within the township of Kittery, which was
improved by an Indian Sagamore, Mr. Rowley, and sold by him to
Thos. Spencer, of Newichawannick, and said Thomas Spencer sold
sd. parcel of land and half the fall of water unto Mr. Thos. Brough-
ton, which purchase and sale of sd. Broughton, made by Thos. Spen-
cer unto him, is approved to be legal by the whole town of Kittery
at a town-meeting there and then holden. By me.

“HouMPHREY CHADBOURNE.”

All wanting timber received a permit to cut it upon
the common lands by applying to the townsmen. In De-
cember, 1652, it was voted that all the marsh known by
the name of the fowling marsh, lying above Birchen Point,
shall be and remain common to this town forever. The
boundaries of the common were further defined in 1656 to
except the grants for mills at Great Works; and the “In-
terest line,” extending back two miles from Salmon Falls
River, was established as the western boundary.

 

* Sullivan, pp. 127, 142-43. } Williamson, i., p. 244.
 

oe
me

 

e

re Hon. J. HBURLEIGH, Sourn Beawien, Me.

 
TOWN OF SOUTH BERWICK. 315

 

Richard Leader was granted, in 1650, “all the right to
the privilege or mill-power on the little river known as
Newichawannock, with the liberty and like property” in all
timber not yet appropriated to any town or person. He
immediately erected a large mill, carrying eighteen saws,
and from the vastness of his operations gave to the river
its present name of Great Works. In 1654 there was
granted to him all the pine-trees up the little river, so far
as the town bounds went, for the accommodation of his
mill, “excepting Tom Tinker’s swamp and the next great
swamp above it on the east side.” For the privilege of
cutting all this pine timber he was to pay to the town an
annual tax or royalty of £15 currency. In 1662 he was
restricted by the town to a limit of one-half mile each side
of his river.

For protection against waste, it was ordered, in 1656,
that if any inhabitant should “ fall any pipe-stave or clap-
board timber, and let it lay unused up above one month,”
any other inhabitant might improve it as his own property.
Long roads through the swamps were bridged with fagots,
where are now dry and productive farms. A stamping-
mill, for stamping out corn, is mentioned as the boundary
in a deed drawn in 1654, and lots fenced with “ palings”
are also mentioned.

All doubtful adventurers were rigorously excluded from
the town. In 1654 it was ordered that “no person or per-
sons whatsoever shall be admitted into this town without a
license from the selectmen thereof,” and “ if any inhabitant
of this town shall receive any person into their house con-
trary to the aforesaid order, that any such inhabitant shall
give any security unto the selectmen as they shall require,
to save and keep harmless the town from any such person
so received.” Later we see a notice to leave the town “or
be dragged out, having had fifteen days previous notice !”
In 1660, Thomas Broughton agreed to erect a mill on his
lot at the Falls, and to saw for one half any logs the
inhabitants might get upon the timbered lands above. It
was to supply logs for this mill that Mr. “ Chadbourne’s
Logging Camp,” mentioned in the Capt. Sunday Ossipee
deed of 1761, was made.

The names of many who were residents within the bounds
of the present town in its earliest recorded history are
found, by reference to the still earlier records of Kittery,
to have been living upon the same lands some years before.
Among those so mentioned, the oft-occurring signature of
John Wincoll, surveyor, is found. He is the same John
“ Wincoln” referred to in published history, but the change
of spelling is not accounted for, as he writes very plainly,
and everywhere alike.

In 1650 there were within the town Thomas and William
Spencer, Tom Tinker, James Heard, Wm. Chadbourne,
James Warren, Daniel Hubbard, and Daniel Goodwin.
Richard Abbott, John Taylor, Roger- Plaisted, Daniel
Ferguson, Wm. Thompson, and George Rogers bear names
found a few years later in the Berwick records.

Wm. Gerrish was a resident in 1736 ; Thomas Abbott,
in 1709. Joseph Abbott and Bial Hambelton were drawn
ona jury in 1713. Joseph Hart is mentioned in 1716,
and John Wade, at Major Hill’s Landing, in 1699.

The names of John Hoord (Heard), Thomas Spencer,

 

and John Wincoll are found among the subscribers to the
jurisdiction of Massachusetts, Nov. 24, 1652.

Owing to dangerous incursions of the Indians, the hard-
ships of a rigorous winter in an unbroken forest, and the
prevalence of wolves and beasts of prey, there was but little
advance on the frontier for many years. Humphrey Chad-
bourne, Sr., is known to have said when seventy-five years
of age there was then no house between his own and Can-
ada. He died in 1666.

The whole attention of the few inhabitants seems to have
been given to lumbering, and the forests were stripped with
astonishing rapidity. Shingles and pine boards were legal
tender “delivered at the landing, when the sloops ran,” or
were discounted by the merchants for store orders payable
in rum, molasses, and the less-pressing necessities of life.

The settlement gradually but steadily increased in num-
bers until the outbreak of Indian hostilities in 1675, the
horrors of which are given in the history of the old town
of Berwick.

There were times in which the settlers were suffering
with hunger, cold, and the privations of frontier life, and a
less courageous and hardy race would have abandoned their
new homes for a safer and more populous district. Bears
and wolves were continually destroying the growing corn or
stealing from the sheepfold, and the settlers were compelled
to hunt those marauders for their extermination and the
protection of life, as well as for the meat furnished for the
table. Wives and daughters shared in the hardships of out-
of-doors life, and this developed that hardihood and bravery
which made them able consorts of their brave husbands
when war came, and stimulated them to deeds of daring
which will never be forgotten.

A meeting-house was erected in 1702, and a Rev. John
Wade, employed as minister of the town, preached here.
The parish was divided in 1751, and a second meeting-
house built on Blackberry Hill. ,

In 1706-7 the towns were reunited.

In 1790 a meeting was called “because the town was so
large it was inconvenient to be governed, and impossible to
be properly assessed” by one board; therefore it was voted
the south parish be incorporated into a separate town, and
a petition was addressed to the General Court. The old

"parish line was the proposed boundary. This was voted

down afterwards, and a second meeting prepared a petition,
which their committee surreptitiously held until after the
assembling of that body.

A third attempt was made in 1813, and resulted more
favorably.

INCORPORATION.

The town of South Berwick was incorporated Feb. 12,
1814. A petition of leading citizens addressed to William
Hight, Esq., justice of the peace, asking that an election
be called, was signed by the following names of leading cit-
izens: John Cushing, Micajah Currier, Ichabod Butler,
Nathaniel ©. Norton, Robinson Palmer, Thomas Leigh,
Nathan Lord, Nathan Nayson, Timothy Ferguson, J. R.
Chadbourne, Bartholomew Nayson, Edmund Higgins, Jr.
The first election was held at the South meeting-house, in
South Berwick village, March 14,1814. There were 232
votes polled.
316 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

Benjamin Greene, Esq., was chosen Moderator ; Nathan
Nayson, Town Clerk; Benjamin Greene, Samuel Nichols,
Simeon Lord (2d), Selectmen; Samuel Butler, William
Harvey, Collectors and Constables ; James Stanley, Samuel
Park, Bracket Palmer, James Grant, Jr., Tythingmen ;
Nathaniel Nayson, Jonathan Brown, John Shorey, Na-
thaniel Garland, Jonathan Chase, Joseph Emery, Ebenezer
Goodwin, Stephen Chase, Rufus Twombley, Thomas B.
Park, Asa Shorey, John Plaisted, Surveyors of Lumber ;
Josiah W. Seaver, Treasurer; Jeremiah Bradbury, Town
Agent; Samuel Nichols, Sealer of Leather; Nathaniel
Nayson, Clerk of the Market ; Jedediah Goodwin, William
Hight. Three stave-cullers, ten surveyors of wood and
bark, and ten surveyors of highways were chosen. Benja-

min Greene was elected the first representative of the town.

to the General Court. May 9th of that year a resolution
was adopted in town-meeting, asking that the town be re-
stored to its former limits as a part of the old town. A
similar resolution was passed in the old town the same year.

VISIT OF LAFAYETTE.

In 1824-25, when the Marquis de la Fayette visited this
country, he was received by a delegation of the most prom-
inent citizens of Maine on his entrance to the State through
this town. The party breakfasted at Mrs. Sarah Frost’s
inn, on the old Frost Home, in the present village, and an
address of welcome was delivered there by Judge Benjamin
Greene. Hon. William A. Hayes also participated in the
reception. The marquis also called upon Mrs. Olive Cush-
ing, whom he had known in Boston during the war. The
old Cushing mansion, which is still standing, is the resi-
dence of her descendants, the family of H. H. Hobbs, Esq.
On this occasion there was a grand parade of the school
children of the town.

WARS.

The town of Berwick, which was organized to include
this present town, records the patriotism of all her original
towns, the main settlement of which is now South Berwick.

The Indian troubles began about 1675, and the settlers
suffered untold hardships and dangers. The Berwick
sketch comprises the early history and sufferings endured
at this period, to which the reader is referred. When the
Louisbourg expedition was decided upon, large numbers vol-
unteered for the enterprise. During the Revolution two
full companies went from Berwick, under the command of
Capt. Philip Hubbard and Daniel Wood. The commission
of Capt. Hubbard, signed by Jobn Hancock, remains in
possession of descendants of the family in town. Capt.
Wood receiving promotion to major, Ebenezer Sullivan, a
brother of Gen. John, succeeded to the command. Seyv-
eral hardy sailors from this town shared in the exploits of
John Paul Jones upon the ocean. Among them now re-
membered were Ichabod Lord and Aaron Goodwin, de-
scendants of whom are worthy citizens of the town.
Goodwin and seven others at one time were captured,
taken to England, and imprisoned. They effected their
escape by digging under the wall, made their way to the
coast, seized a small boat, and crossed to France.

A committee of safety was chosen in 1814, composed of
Col. Joshua Haven, Col. Ichabod Goodwin, Hon. Benjamin

 

Greene, Hon. Jesse Bradbury, and Dr. Richard Hazeltine.
These were authorized to provide rations and munitions of
war suitable for the occasion. Application was also made
to the State for sixty stand of arms. A cannon, with car-
tridges fixed, was offered by Col. Haven and accepted by
the town. Many citizens were engaged in the coast defense.

Three soldiers went from South Berwick in the Mexican
war. Henry Readon and one other died of fever in Mexico.
William Earle returned, and was caught in the machinery
of a cotton-factory, which wrenched off an arm. A few
years later he was again caught in the machinery, and killed.

During the Rebellion the town furnished 192 men under
the different calls. To these a bounty of $40,500 was paid
from the town treasury.

THE HEROES OF THE TOZER BATTLE,

who fell with the members of the family mentioned below,
nearly all lie buried on the Wallingford farm, on the old
Great Falls road. The old tombstone, which is of large
size, is plainly inscribed with the following epitaph :

“Here lies ye body of Samuel Plaisted, Esq., son of Coll. Ichabod
Plaisted, Esq., who departed this life March ye 20, 1731-2, in ye 36
year of his age.

Near unto this place lies Interred The body of
Roger Plaisted, Esq., Grandfather to the said
Samuel Plaisted, who was killed by ye Indians October ye

16th, 1675, Aged 40 years.
Also ye body of his Eldest Son, Mr. Roger Plaisted,
who was killed at ye same time with his Father.”

VILLAGES AND HAMLETS.
SOUTH BERWICK,

the principal village, is built upon the east bank of the
river at Quamphegan Falls, and contains a population of
about 1000, some 200 of whom are within the bounds of
the town of Berwick.

A meeting of the town was held in 1762 to define the
limits of Quamphegan Landing, which extended from a
brook by Samuel Seavey’s house to Ensign Abbott’s grist-
mill and sixteen rods from the river. This was revised and
classified for spars, lumber, and goods by Ichabod Goodwin,
William Moore, and Philip Hubbard, committee. There
were then two wharf-houses, Lord’s barn and Abbott's
house and shop adjoining. By request of the owners the
mill-privilege was divided in 1768, and 20 lots laid out by
James Warren, surveyor, for Thomas Abbott, John Lord,
Samuel Lord, John Hussey, Deacon Libby, and a “ mill-
common.” Sullivan describes the landing as having a set
of saw-mills, and also a great landing-place where immense
quantities were rafted or carried in sloops. The place is on
the line of railroad connecting the Boston and Maine and
Portland, Saco and Portsmouth Railways, and has become a
thriving manufacturing centre.

MANUFACTORIES,

Quamphegan Falls, at the head of navigation, on the
Piscataqua, was used for a grist- and saw-mill, and also by
Capt. Foote for carding wool and making a coarse cloth
and blankets, for which he acquired quite a notoriety.
The Portsmouth Company, organized in 1831, purchased
this privilege; erected a substantial stone dam, 11 feet

_ higher than the old one, and 275 feet long, thus adding
 

Photos. by E, H. McKenney, Biddeford.

taf” Gd or

BensAmin Nason, son of Bartholomew and Elizabeth (Houghton)
Nason, was born in Boston, Mass., Aug. 7, 1788. He was the fifth of
When he was ten years of age his father
removed to South Berwick, Me., where, at that day, and until the
advent of railroads caused a diversion to other localities, a large part
of the business of the surrounding towns centred. There the father
opened a store, in which Benjamin was employed as clerk until his

arrival at majority, when he was admitted as a partner in the business,
under the firm-name of B. Nason & Son.

a family of ten children.

There Mr. Nason com-
menced and (with the exception of a short business engagement with
his brother, Bartholomew Nason, at Augusta, Me., in 1812) continued
a prosperous business career, pursued with energy and strict integ-
rity, for half a century; resulting in a handsome competency for
himself and advantage to the community in which he lived.

His business was not confined within the limits of the store, but
with the accumulation of means he extended it into other channels.
In connection with William D. Jewett, Esq., now president of the
South Berwick Bank, he built w saw-mill, and for a series of years
He was also
engaged in navigation twenty years or more, owning ships and
barks with his life-long friend, Capt. Theodore Jewett, and others.

Mr. Nason was a man of sound judgment and strict integrity, and
In his
early days, when intoxicating liquors were in almost universal use,

was engaged quite extensively in lumbering operations.

withal a temperate man in the strictest sense of the word.

and when their absence on certain occasions would have been re-
garded as more singular than their open use would now be, and when
to abstain from all use of them showed something more than a passive
In later years, when the
temperance question began to be more generally discussed, he not
unfrequently alluded to the fact that he was oftentimes subject to
ridicule by his intimate friends for his singular abstinence, as it was
then regarded.

Although not a professor of religion, he was a punctilious observer
of the Lord’s day, and fully appreciated the importance of sustaining
His interest was manifested not only in his con-

virtue, he was a total abstinence man.

Divine worship.
stant attendance upon the services of the Sabbath, and his regular
subscription to the support of the ministry, but in the more active
support of his personal labor in matters connected with the First
Parish of South Berwick, of which he was a member. He had sole
charge of the erection of the meeting-house, was for years a trustee
of its ministerial fund, and subsequently its treasurer.

His clear judgment and general business capacity was early recog-
nized by the leading men of the town, and at the organization of the

 

 

South Berwick Bank, in 1823, he was chosen a director, which office
he continued to fill until Oct. 4, 1858, when he was chosen president
in the place of Capt. Theodore Jewett, who declined a further elec-
tion. The latter position he held until October, 1863, when, having
arrived at the age of seventy-five years, he tendered his resignation.
From that time he withdrew from active business, and his remaining
years were passed in the quiet of his home, to which he was strongly
attached, in the settlement of his private affairs. Into this last labor
he carried the same exactness which had characterized his more active
years. And when, in obedience to the final summons, he ceased his
labors, his affairs were left in such a complete state of adjustment
that but little was required to be done by those to whom he com-
mitted the management of his estate. He died on the twenty-ninth
day of July, 1875.

Soon after establishing himself in business, on Dee. 7, 1815, Mr.
Nason was united in marriage with Olivia Sarah, daughter of the late
Dudley Hubbard, then a prominent lawyer of South Berwick, of
whom Willis, the historian, says, “ Mr. Hubbard was for many years
leader of the York bar. He was an eloquent advocate, which, united
with a very handsome person, pleasing address, and dignified man-
ners, introduced him to an extensive and lucrative practice.”

It was said by those who knew the daughter in her younger days,
that she inherited in a large measure the personal attractiveness of
her father, and the portrait which accompanies that of her husband,
taken at the advanced age of eighty-five years, shows that the repu-
tation which she enjoyed for personal beauty was not without founda-
tion. She was educated at Fryeburg (Me.) Academy, and at the
school of Madam Brown, at Newburyport, Mass.

Hight children were born to Mr. and Mrs. Nason,—five sons, viz.,
Dudley H., Benjamin, Augustus, Charles, and John F., all of whom,
with the exception of the latter, now living at Exeter, N. H., the father
survived; and three daughters, now living,—Mary R., who married
Edward E. Bourne, Jr., of Kennebunk; Sarah W., who married
Charles Holbrook, of Boston, deceased, and subsequently Charles
Horatio Gates, of Hamilton, Canada, more recently connected with
Brown University as teacher of French and Italian; and Lucia W.,
widow of Simeon P. Folsom, son of Abraham Folsom, Esq., of Boston.

Two of the sons gave their lives to the cause of the Union in the
late Rebellion. Augustus was killed in the battle of the Wilderness,
and Charles died of disease contracted while in the naval service.

Mrs. Nason, surviving her husband, still occupies the old home-
stead, her loss compensated in some measure by the society and
watchful care of her youngest daughter.
TOWN OF SOUTH BERWICK. 317

 

greatly to the power and giving a head of 19 feet above
ordinary high tide. In 1832 a four-story brick cotton-
mill, 40 by 150 feet, was put into operation. The com-
pany, under the agency of T. W. Hale, employs a capital
of $137,400; consumes over 600 bales of cotton; runs
9000 spindles and 216 looms; employs 200 operatives,
one-third males ; manufactures 2,500,000 yards of sheeting
annually, and disburses about $4600 monthly. This
privilege has a surplus power sufficient to drive 20,000
‘spindles.

Shoe-factory: David Cummins & OCo., established in
1872. This was the outgrowth of a smaller business estab-
lished first at Springvale, in Sanford. About 300 opera-
tives are employed here in the manufacture of ladies’ and
misses’ light work. The buildings comprise a brick build-
ing with a front of 100 feet, and another of 65 feet, both
35 feet deep and five stories high. The machinery is op-
erated by steam-power. The grounds include 24 acres of
land, upon which there are about 30 neat wooden tenements
and a large boarding-house.

Shoes: F. B. Smith, established in 1876, employs from
4 to 6 hands on heavy work; H. M. Butler, custom.

Harness: A. Carpenter, established in 1874, does retail
and job work; Charles D. Durgan, established in 1843.

Plows and cultivators: J. B. Varney Plow Company.

Marble-works: A. L. Goodwin, established in 1870.

Cabinet work: Leonard Colcord, established in 1850.

Lumber-dealers: John A. Hooper, John Drew, I. P.
Yeaton, John Burleigh, David Cummins & Co.

Builders: Q. E. Moulton, P. H. Fall, C. W. Murphey,
G. W. Haines.

Stoves and tinware: A. H. Ricker, established in 1876.

Saloon: B. F. Chapman, also fish-market.

Meats: Freeman C. Ham, established in 1876.

Corn and meal: I. P. Yeaton.

Barbers: William Doherty, Stephen Goodwin.

Livery-stables: John H. Plummer, 8. B. Huntress.

Job printer: F. W. George.

Hotel: Josiah Paul, formerly kept by Mrs. Frost.

Express ; Hastern, W. M. Sanborn, agent ; Boston, Good-
win & Co., agents.

Dentist: Fred. H. Lunt.

Physicians: ©. F. Trafton, C. P. Gerrish, E. D. Jaques.

Lawyers: H. H. Hobbs, C. C. Hobbs, George C. Yeaton,
A. Oakes, J. B. Neally.

Postmaster: Justin S. Clement; mails by rail daily.

At the junction of Great Works and Salmon Falls Rivers
is a fall of 17 feet, called ‘“ Yeaton Mills ;” power, 250 horse,
and occupied by the saw-, grist-, and plaster-mills of I. P.
Yeaton.

The village contains a fine cornet band, organized in 1877,
under the leadership of Fred. Adams. There are three
churches and an academy within the village limits.

South Berwick National Bank: organized as The South
Berwick Bank, under the State banking laws, in 1823, and
made a national bank in 1865. Capital, $100,000. W.
D. Jewett, president; John F. Walker, cashier.

South Berwick Savings Bank: organized in 1866, under
the present officers. Deposits and profits, $197,955.65.
William D. Jewett, president; J. H. Plummer, cashier.

 

Union Store No. 79: General goods. Established by
the New England Protective Union, with headquarters in
Boston, Mass., about 1849, as a branch union. The store
was once burned, but opened again soon after. John S.
Pike has been the agent since it first commenced business
in the place. President, George S. Goodwin.

Sovereigns of Industry store No. 41: Established’ in
1875. This became separate from the order_in 1877, and
was opened to the general public. M. R. Varney, agent.

General stores: I. L. Moore, H. A. Stone, and S. W.
Ricker & Co., established by 8S. W. Ricker, in 1846.

Groceries: John M. Goodwin, established in 1878;
Henry Willard. |

Dry goods: O. Stackpole & Co., established in 1859;
H. C. Willard, established in 1878.

Dry goods and shoes: George W. Tibbetts, established
in 1871.

Drugs: EK. C. Eastman, since 1872, established by Dr.
Trafton, Sr.

Jewelry: C. J. Taylor, established in 1865.

Furnishing goods: J. B. Whitehead & Bro., merchant
tailors, since 1877; established by Charles EH. Whitehead
in 1848.

Millinery and fancy goods: Jane Morrell, established
in 1861; J. F. Linton, Mrs. R. Smith, established in 1865;
N. A. Butler, T. 8. Linton.

Musical instruments and sewing-machines: George W.
Brookings.

Books and stationery: William Thompson, since 1872 ;
established by John G. Thompson, in 1825.

Confectionery: Frank W. Caverly.

Variety: George W. Butler.

Hardware: E. R. McIntire, established in 1859.

GREAT WORKS.

Great Works is a factory hamlet of thirty buildings, sur-
rounded by a broken but well-improved farming country.
There are here the factory of the Newichawannock Com-
pany, Ephraim Hodgdon, agent; store; and a depot on
the Eastern Railway. This place is upon Great Works
River, about a mile above its confluence with the Piscat-
aqua. The total fall is 60 feet, divided in its descent into
three pitches, by as many dams. Upon these are located
the mills of the Newichawannick Company, which was or-
ganized in March, 1854, with a capital of $100,000. At
the lower dam stands the brick mill, 40 by 80 feet, five
stories high, built in 1859; and a few rods above, at the
next dam, is the other mill, of wood, 30 by 130 feet, two
stories high, built in 1860. Ten sets of machinery are
in operation, and employment is given to 175 hands.
Large quantities of woolen goods are manufactured, con-
sisting in part of flannels, cassimeres, and blankets.

SOUTH BERWICK JUNCTION.

South Berwick Junction, a hamlet of twenty dwellings,
on Great Works River, two miles east of South Berwick
village, was made the junction of the Portland, Saco and
Portsmouth, and the Boston and Maine Railroads, in 1843,

_and a post-office established at that point. The town-house

is located here. A store was opened by Daniel Quimby,
318 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

afterwards kept by Daniel Chadbourne, who sold to Bennett
& Nason in 1866. Moses Bennett became proprietor and
postmaster in 1868.

CHURCHES.

CONGREGATIONALIST.

This parish was organized under the name of Unity, in
1693. The first church organized within the limits of
Berwick was at Quamphegan Landing, now South Berwick
village. This church was formed by the Rev. John Wade,
a native of Ipswich, Mass., and graduate of Harvard, in
1693, who had been employed as the minister of the town.
Considerable religious interest was awakened during 1701,
and June 4, 1702, an organization was effected with 17
members. The Revs. John Pike, of Dover, Samuel Em-
ery, and Samuel Moody officiated as counsel. Daniel Good-
win was one of the most active members at its organization.

The first meeting-house was built south of Great Works
River, opposite William Nason’s, near the school-house.
Rev. Mr. Wade was ordained Nov. 18, 1702, and died
Nov. 13, 1703. He received a call, but died before his
settlement. Sept. 23, 1706, Capt. Ichabod Plaisted, Capt.-
John Hill, and Deacon Emery were selected in behalf of
the church and parish to give Mr. Jeremiah Wise a call
for settlement, and £80 were voted for his yearly salary.
One hundred pounds were voted for his settlement. The
offer was accepted, and Benona Hodsdon, Nathan Lord,
and Humphrey Spencer were appointed to get the ministry
land near the meeting-house sufficiently well fenced by the
month of March next.

In March, a new meeting-house, 36 feet square, was
commenced. Rev. Jeremiah Wise, a son of John Wise,
of Ipswich, Mass., who was connected with the “ Salem
Witchcraft,” graduated at Harvard, and was ordained Nov.
26,1707. He remained pastor of this church until his
death, Jan. 20, 1756, at the age of seventy years. A man
eminent for his learning and piety, his memory is still cher-
ished in the parish. His parish was divided in 1751, and
a second parish formed with a meeting-house at Blackberry
Hill. He was succeeded by Rev. Jacob Foster, Sept. 1,
1756.

Rev. Mr. Foster, a graduate of Harvard in 1754, was a
lover of learning and pure religion, and entirely devoted to
the work of his Master, but, finding it difficult to support
his family during the Revolutionary war, he was dismissed
at his own request in 1777. Being warmly devoted to the
Whig cause, he entered as chaplain in the army. He died
in 1798. He was succeeded by Rev. John Thompson, from
May 7, 1783, to Nov. 17, 1824. Mr. Thompson was a grad-
uate of Harvard College in 1760. He died Dec. 21, 1828.
Rev. George W. Campbell was ordained at that date, and
remained to Dec. 24, 1848. During his pastorate the meet-
ing-house now used was built at South Berwick village.
Rev. Seth H. Keeler was ordained Oct. 15, 1829, and was
pastor to April 18, 1836; Rev. Andrew Rankin from
March 1, 1837, to April 14, 1840; Rev. William B.
Homer, who was ordained Nov. 11, 1840, died March 22,
1841, aged twenty-one; Rev. Benjamin R. Allen was pas-
tor from Oct. 12, 1842, to Oct. 19, 1854; Rev. Alfred
Emerson from Feb. 18, 1857, to May 12, 1858; Rev.

 

Ephraim W. Allen from Dec. 30, 1858, to May 10, 1866;
Silvanus Hayward was installed May 10, 1866, and was
succeeded by Rev. George Lewis, the present pastor, in
1876.

The deacons of this church have been as follows: Daniel
Emery, Nathan Lord, May 20, 1703; Daniel Goodwin,
1721; Job Emery, April 30, 1721; John Hupper, May
15,1721; Benjamin Libby, Sept. 16, 1725; Daniel Emery,
Feb. 25, 1735; Ichabod Goodwin, June 30, 1754; Hum-
phrey Chadbourne, Jr., June 30, 1754; Richard Shackley,
Jr., June 25, 1761; John Hill, Jr., Dec. 10, 1767; Do-
minicus Goodwin, Nov. 11, 1773; Gen. Ichabod Goodwin
and Dr. Richard Hazeltine, May 16, 1811; James S. Good-
win, April 6, 1826; Asa Hunting, Nov. 19, 1829; John
Plummer; Andrew Goodwin, June 2, 1837; Charles Ed-
ward Norton, Jan. 5, 1844; N. C. Hobbs, July 2, 1869;
Isaac P. Yeaton, Sept. 1, 1871; John H. Plummer, June
30, 1876. Messrs. Hobbs, Yeaton, and Plummer are the
present deacons.

BAPTISTS.

The second Baptist Church formed in Maine was organ-
ized within the limits of this town. In 1767 considerable
religious interest was manifested among the people at “Great
Hill,” Berwick, caused by the preaching of Rev. Hezekiah
Smith, pastor of the Baptist Church in Haverhill ; and those
who adopted his religious sentiments became united with
his church. July 8, 1768, “it was voted by the Haverhill
Church to approve and confirm proceedings of our pastor,
Deacons Whitten, Shepard, and Elder Greenleaf, in dismiss-
ing members from this church, and constituting two Bap-
tist Churches, one in Gorham and the other in Berwick.”
The proceeedings alluded to were the usual steps taken by
the Berwick members for the formation of a church of their
own, which dated June 28, 1768, and consisted of 17 mem-

| bers. Joshua Emery, though never ordained, was the teacher

and exemplary guide of this church for about twenty years.
Wm. Batchelder was ordained over this church Nov. 30,
1796. He served with great acceptance till November,
1805, when he removed to the First Church in Haverhill.
After being destitute for two years Joshua Chase became
pastor, and remained five years. In 1818, for some irregu-
larities, this church was dropped from the Association. In
1821 it was restored to its former standing, taking the
name of “ Berwick and York.” In 1822, Mr. Chase re-
sumed the pastorate for a short time, but died Feb. 6, 1825.
The rest of the pastors have been as follows: Rev. Joseph
Gilpatrick, from June 7, 1826, to 1832; Rev. Nathaniel G.
Littlefield, from 1833 to 1836, during which time the name
was changed to South Berwick and York ; Rev. John Hub-
bard, from 1837 to 1841; Rev. J. M. Wedgwood, from
1844 to 1846; Rev. Gideon Cook, one year; Rev. W. H.
Copeland, six years ; Rev. John Hubbard, five years, closing
March, 1862; Rev. J. M. Thompson, from 1834 to 1866.
In 1866 the meeting-house was taken down and removed
to North Berwick.

The first house of worship stood near John Hooper's,
south of the parsonage in South Berwick. Report says
that Joshua Emery did much towards building it. It was
afterwards enlarged by the addition of twenty-four feet to
its length. Getting old and dilapidated, it was burned down.
TOWN OF SOUTH BERWICK. 319

 

In 1842, David and Elijah Hayes and Peter Knight were
appointed a committee to erect a new house, which was lo-
cated near where Rufus Clark now lives, in Berwick. It
was dedicated Aug. 31, 1843, Oliver Barron preaching the
sermon. In the winter of 1837-38 a powerful revival was
experienced, in which it is estimated that 400 persons were
converted. Seventy-seven were baptized during the winter.

The deacons have been John Knight, Shem Emery,
Benjamin Knight, James Gray, Nathaniel Walker, Peter
Knight, Oliver Boston, William Shaw, William B. Emery,
B. F. Swain, William Emery, Reuben Dennett. Aug. 17,
1776, members in the north part of the town were dis-
missed to form the ‘* Berwick and Madbury” Church. The
ordination of William Hooper over the church was the first
Baptist ordination in the State. In 1808 a church was
gathered at South Berwick village. Rev. William Chad-
bourne labored with them several years, and after him Wil-
liam Boyd. The organization became extinct in 1824.

The Baptist Church at the village was reorganized Nov.
13, 1823, and consisted of 13 members. The Revs. Gideon
Cook and William Hooper aided by their counsel. Mr.
Hooper remained with them about one year, and was suc-
ceeded by Christopher S. Hale, a licentiate, who left in the
spring of 1825. During his service a vestry was built, but
was burned a few months after completion. July, 1825,
Duncan Dunbar commenced a prosperous pastorate. From
Oct. 4, 1827, Charles Miller was pastor till 1829; Joseph
Bullard, from July 7, 1830, to Nov. 15, 1837 ; Lewis Colby,
from Jan. 4, 1838, to July, 1843; then John Richardson
for seventeen years; A. K. Potter, from Oct. 1, 1860, to
Oct. 1, 1865; S. L. Holman, until Oct. 1, 1867,-when
George W. Gile became pastor.

The present house of worship was built in 1826. Josiah
W. Seaver and Samuel Parks were the building committee,
and used their own property so freely as to embarrass them-
selves. This society has generally been very prosperous.
The first deacons were Dr. Charles Trafton and Charles
Shorey. The meeting-house has been enlarged and beauti-
fied, and was rededicated Jan. 1, 1872, during the pastor-
ate of Rev. Mr. Gile. Present pastor, Rev. R. R. Riddell.

CHRISTIAN CHURCH.

A Christian Church, consisting of 28 members, was formed
in the south part of the town by Mark Fernald, Oct. 28,
1809. This church was dispersed about 1833.

The First Christian Church was organized June, 1818,
by 7 members dismissed from the First Baptist. Jedediah
Goodwin was the first pastor, Ebenezer Blaisdell first dea-
con. In 1834, under the care of Joshua Goodwin, a house
of worship was erected near Emery’s Bridge. Intemper-
ance and lack of interest resulted in the overthrow of the
organization. In 1865, Elder J. M. Hodgdon labored in
this field a part of the time. He was followed by J. 8.
Johnson, as an evangelist. Marked success attended his
labors, and a church of 44 members was organized as
“ New Year’s Christian Church of South Berwick.” Paul
Stone was chosen deacon; Jonathan S. Johnson became
the first regular minister ; then Z. S. Knight, who was suc-
ceeded by Rev. Joseph Graves. Membership, 75. A
Christian Church was organized at the village in 1842,

 

and one at Brock’s Crossing, consisting of 12 members in
1846 ; both are extinct.

THE CHRISTIAN CHURCH OF SOUTH BERWICK AND WELLS

was organized Dec. 12, 1864, by Elders Haley, Goodwin,
and Whitney, with a membership of 12. The first pastor
was J. M. Hodgdon; J. M. Murgridge, a licentiate, suc-
ceeded him. The meeting-house was built in 1860. The
first and only deacon, John Gray.

THE CHRISTIAN CHURCH AT SOUTH BERWICK JUNCTION

was formed in 1869 by Elders C. E. Goodwin, Osborn, and
Whitten, with a membership of 12. Zebulon Knight was
chosen first pastor, and Henry Foss deacon. This society
worship in ahall. Rev. J. B. Cottle was the pastor.

THE FREE-WILL BAPTIST CHURCH

was organized May 18, 1834, with 19 members, and Rev.
Nathaniel Trickey pastor. The succeeding pastors have
been D. P. Cilley, from 1836, one year; Z. Jordan, from
1837 to 1842; John Chaney (a bold advocate of freedom
and temperance), from 1842 to 1845; E. True, from 1845
to 1847; D. Jackson, two years, succeeded by W. D.
Johnson, Nov. 16, 1849; Mr. Johnson and his wife both
died here in 1852; F. Moulton was installed pastor April,
1853 ; Rev. Willet Vary was installed July, 1855; D. P.
Harriman, June, 1857; Joel Baker, 1860; N.C. Lathrop,
August, 1864; W. T. Smith, 1866; and Rev. J. Frank
Locke, 1868, who was succeeded by Rev. O. T. Moulton
to 1878. Membership, 120. Deacons, H. Brackett and
Abner Boston. The meeting-house in South Berwick vil-
lage was dedicated in 1838. The parsonage is a good,
convenient building near the church.

THE METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH

was formed by Rev. Paul C. Richmond, from the Maine
Conference, in 1829. Meetings were first held in the vi-
cinity of the old Congregational church. Mr. Richmond
was succeeded by appointments from the Conference of E.
C. Ewins, Joseph Gerry, A. Hatch, and W. H. Pillsbury.
In 1836, Rev. George D. Strout was sent to this charge,
and commenced to hold meetings in a hall at the village.
A meeting-house was dedicated June, 1838; sermon by G.
F. Cox. In March, 1849, it was destroyed by fire, but was
rebuilt and dedicated 1850; sermon by Thomas Carver.
In 1867 the house was enlarged by the addition of twenty
pews, raised two feet from foundation, and a convenient
vestry finished in the basement. Among the ministers who
have been appointed to this society since were L. 8. Stock-
man, H. Butler, J. W. Atkins, F. Yates, J. Cushing, P.

.Jaques, W. MacDonald, P. C. Richmond, John Moore, T.

Greenhalgh, N. Hobart, J. Armstrong, J. Hooper, U. Ride-
out, A. Green, E. Smith, P. E. Brown to 1860. Since,—
E. Martin, U. Rideout, OC: W. Moore, O. W. Scott, W. B.

- Bartlett, Roscoe L. Green, G. F.Cobb. Membership about

120.

THE SECOND ADVENT SOCIETY AT GREAT WORKS

was organized in the spring of 1871, by Revs. J. G. Smith
and T. W. Piper. Its membership was 15. During the
320 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

fall and winter of 1870 a chapel for worship was erected,
and dedicated, Jan. 8, 1871, by Elder D. M. Leavitt. Revs.
G. W. Brown and Rev. Mr. Young have been pastors.

FRIENDS.

The first meeting held by the Friends in Maine was
towards the latter part of December, 1662. Anne Coleman,
Mary Tompkins, and Alice Ambrose, the three women who,
by the order of Richard Waldren, of Dover, were made fast
to a cart’s tail, and driven from town and whipped on their
bare backs, ten stripes each, till they were beyond the juris-
diction of the colony, being set at liberty at Salisbury, came
to Newichawannock and held a meeting, at which Shubael
Dummer was present and opposed their views.

Their persecution was vigorous and unrelenting. There
was a fine of £5 exacted for their participating as officers
in the affairs of the town. In 1663 the constable of Kit-
tery was sent to Maj. Nicholas Shapleigh—who, though not
one of their number, recognized their inherent rights as
freemen—and ordered to repair to his house on two Sab-
bath days, taking sufficient witnesses with him, and to “ for-
bid all persons assembled giving countenance to any such
persons at their meetings, contrary to the laws of this
jurisdiction.” A list of the “ Quakers” within the town of
Kittery (now Berwick and South Berwick), entered on the
town book March 17, 1732, contained the names of An-
drew Neal, Sr., John Neal, Andrew Neal, Jr., Thomas Weed,
Peter Withum, James Davis, John Morrill, Sr., John Mor-
rill, Jr., Reynolds Jenkins, Peter Morrell, Jedediah Morrell,
Francis Allen, Francis Allen, Jr., Robert Allen, William
Fry, William Fry, Jr., Benjamin Fry, Samuel Hill, Jr.,
Michael Kennard, Widow Sarah Mitchell. In 1733-34 the
names of Peter Withum, Samuel Johnson, Edward White-
house, Jabez Jenkins, and Daniel Furbush, Sr., were added
to the list. A large society still exists within the limits of
the old parish of Berwick, at what is now North Berwick
village, to which point their worship was subsequently trans-
ferred.

SCHOOLS AND ACADEMIES.

The first record of schools is the call of Master Rock,
in 1716, to teach a school at £40 a year. Two years later,
John Bradstreet kept school near Mr. Chadbourne’s. Ste-
phen Emery was an early teacher, and took his pay in
“one-half boards and one-half Publick Bills.” £600,
“old tenor,’ were voted for schools in 1748. The next
year school was kept two months in a place, and moved six
times, viz., at the lower school-house, at James Goodwin's,
at John Hooper, Jr.’s, or thereabouts, at Reuben Hayes’
or John Morrell’s, at Stephen Harris’ or William Frost’s,
and at John Falls’ or Thomas Downes’. There were two
stationary schools in 1750. For five months schools were
kept in the summer of 1770. In 1790 a plan was made
‘agreeable to the new law,” and in 1791 an academy was
incorporated. There are now, besides the academy, 14
district schools maintained for the benefit of 856 resident
children, 576 of whom were registered on the school rolls
in 1878. Expense of schools for 1878, met by town tax,
$2125 ; value of school property, $6000; school supervi-
sor, Rev. W.S. Vail.

 

BERWICK ACADEMY, SOUTH BERWICK, MAINE.*

This institution was incorporated in the year 1791 by
the Legislature of Massachusetts. The Hon. Benjamin
Chadbourne is mentioned in the act of incorporation as the
donor of a very convenient “ tract of land in said Berwick
to the use of an academy.” He was the father and founder
of this school. He was chosen president of the first board
of trustees, and to his untiring zeal and exertions in its
behalf, at this early stage of its existence, is to be attributed
the fact that it has continued to this day. Col. Jonathan
Hamilton was first secretary and treasurer, and Rey. John
Tompson, Rev. James Pike, Hon. Edward Cutts, John
Rollins, Esq., Mr. John Lord, Mr. John Hale, and Dr.
Ivory Hovey were members of the first board of trustees.

The first funds of the academy were raised by subscrip-
tion, and amounted to £500, besides 200 acres of wild land
in Shapleigh, given by Benjamin Chadbourne and William
Rogers. To this the State of Massachusetts added a town-
ship of land, which is now the town of Athens, in Somerset
County. In 1815 the Hon. John Lord gave $500 by will
for the purpose of presenting each pupil who attends one
term with a Bible. Up to this date, 2297 copies of the
Scriptures have been distributed from this source. In
1856 three college scholarships were founded by Benjamin
T. Tredick, Esq., of Philadelphia, since deceased, and by
William L. Cogswell, Esq., of New York, and Hon. Francis
B. Hayes, of Boston. Mr. Cogswell has also given a fund
for the purchase of gold medals and book prizes. More re-
cently, the late Hon. John H. Burleigh procured a grant
of $2000 from the State of Maine.

There have been two school buildings previous to the
one now occupied. The first one was removed to another
part of the village, and is now the residence of Mr. Robert
Fernald. The second, which was built mainly through the
enterprise and liberality of the late Hon. William A. Hayes,
was destroyed by fire in the fall of 1851. The plan of the
present structure, which was dedicated Dec. 6, 1853, was
drawn by the late Richard Upjohn, of New York, and built
of the best material and in the most thorough manner by
Messrs. Fall & Rollins, then of Lebanon, Me. Hon.
Francis B. Hayes, the president of the present board of
trustees, following the commendable example of his father,
took great interest in the erection of this building, and
gave much of his time and money to its completion.

There have been 39 preceptors from 1793 to 1879,—a
period of eighty-six years. Of these Messrs. Ira Young,
who was principal in 1828, and Stephen Chase in 1836, were,
subsequently, both professors in Dartmouth College.

The school was at first designed for boys only, but was
afterwards thrown open to both sexes. The fortunes of the
school have fluctuated from time to time, its success de-
pending largely on the abilities of the teacher for the time
being. In 1843 the number of scholars fell to7 ; in 1855,
under the management of Messrs. William 8. Palmer and
Joseph B. M. Gray, the number rose to 129. Mr. J. D.
Berry, who was preceptor in 1838, had over 100 scholars,
and, more recently, other gentlemen have had good numbers
and taught good schools.

 

* By C. C. Hobbs, Esq.
TOWN OF SOUTH BERWICK. 321

 

The corporation has a record of the name of every boy
and girl who attended school one term since 1815. Pre-
vious to that date no record of names exists. Among the
more prominent gentlemen who have attended school at
Berwick Academy may be mentioned Hon. John Went-
worth, of Chicago; Rev. Nathan Lord, D.D., for many
years president of Dartmouth College; John Lord, LL.D,
the celebrated historical lecturer; Hon. Bion Bradbury, of
Portland ; the late Hon. Hiram R. Roberts, of Rollingsford ;
Augustine Haines, Hsq., of Biddeford, now deceased ; Rev.
Daniel Goodwin, at one time professor in Bowdoin College,
subsequently president of the University of Pennsylvania ;
John Webster, Esq., of Boston ; the late Professor John S.
Woodman, of Dartmouth College; the late Hon. John H.
Burleigh ; Hon. Micajah C. and George William Burleigh ;
Hon. John N. Goodwin, of New York; Hon. Charles Doe,
chief justice of New Hampshire ; James T. Furber, Esq.,
superintendent Boston and Maine Railroad; Rev. James
Wilson Ward, editor of the New York Independent, and
others.

While it has in no manner interfered with the efficiency
of the public schools, it has aided and supplemented their
work, and enabled many young men of moderate means to
obtain a collegiate education who would otherwise have
been deprived of that advantage.

The school is now in a very flourishing condition, with
an attendance of nearly 50 scholars, under the charge of
William O. M. Lord, a graduate of Bowdoin College, as-
sisted by Miss Etta EH. Knowlton, a graduate of the Robin-
son Female Seminary, and Miss Pichette, teacher of French.

ASSOCIATIONS.
INDEPENDENT ORDER OF ODD-FELLOWS.

Olive Branch Lodge, No. 28, was instituted June 3,
1845. The charter members were John Hubbard, Theodore
H. Jewett, E. H. Jewett, Isaac P. Yeaton, O. P. Emery,
George S. Woodman, Charles T. Trafton, John G. Thomp-
son, Caleb Sanborn, John B. Nealley.

The officers in 1879 were Edwin S. Goodwin, N. G.;
Charles H. Hubbard, V. G.; Eugene Goodwin, Sec.; HE.
R. McIntire, Treas. ; R. L. Goodwin, R.8.; Thomas Bent-
ley, Marshal; J. S. Ford, O. G.; Charles E. Dodge, Con-
ductor; Rev. W. S. Vail, Chaplain. The lodge owns a
fine hall in a three-story brick block, erected by them in
1845, at an expense of $5000. The membership is 125.

Agamenticus Encampment, No. 15, was instituted March
19, 1872. The charter members were John B. Nealley,
Charles E. and William H. Durgin, John W. Adams,
William A. McIntire, Charles W. Murphy, Jacob S. Ford,
Eben F. Nealley, Joseph A. Hanson, Charles A. Harney,
Frederick B. Smith, Oliver Stevens.

The officers in 1879 were Jacob Ford, H. P.; H. R.
McIntire, Treas.; Charles Robbins, Scribe ; Eugene Good-
win, S. W.; Jacob Ridley, J. W. The membership is 38.

MASONS.

St. John Lodge, No. 51, F. A. M., was chartered Feb.
13, 1827.

The officers in 1879 were George H. Wakefield, W. M.;

Otis E. Moulton, 8S. W.; Charles H. Cooper, J. W.; John
41

 

F. Walker, Treas.; George H. Muzzey, Sec.; Edward A.
Chesley, 8. D.; Joseph A. Lord, J. D.; William M. San-
born, 8.8.; Daniel E. McIntire, J. S.; Horace Sanderson,
Tyler.

This lodge has a fine hall, 75 feet square, erected over
the principal business block of South Berwick village, at an
expense of about $5000.

Unity Chapter, No. 32, R. A. M., was chartered May
5, 1869, and worked at first under dispensation, with the
following officers: Sylvanus Hayward, H. P.; James Ham-
ilton, K.; Alonzo Stackpole, 8.; L. B. Young, L.; G. C.
Yeaton, Scribe; Abner Oakes, P. S.; W. P. Bradford,
R. C.; I. P. Fall, Sec. The present officers are John H.
Plummer, H. P.; George Wakefield, K.; Ed. McIntire,
Scribe; Johu F. Walker, Treas.; Wm. M. Sanborn, Sec.

CIVIL LIST.
TOWN CLERKS.

Nathaniel Nason, 1814-16; Joshua Roberts, 1817-20; Nirum Nor-
ton, 1821; John Goodwin, 1823-26; Charles E. Norton, 1837-
45; John Colcord, 1846-47; Charles E. Norton, 1848-50 ; Benja-
min F. Parks, 1851-57; William A. Cromwell, 1858-59; Edward
Hayman, 1860; Joseph E. Davis, 1861; Edward Hayman, 1862-
63; Alonzo Stockpole, 1864; William Thompson, 1865-67 ; Eben-
ezer S, Hanson, 1868-69; Charles C. Hobbs, 1870-71; Abner
Oakes, 1872-76; Charles C. Hobbs, 1877-79.

SELECTMEN.

1814.—Benjamin Green, Samuel Nichols, Simeon Lord (2d).
1815.—Samuel Nichols, Benjamin Grant, Esq., Simeon Lord (2d).
1816-17.—Robinson Palmer, Daniel Page, Joseph Emery.
1818.—Robinson Palmer, Daniel Page, Andrew Goodwin.
1819-26.—Benjamin Goodwin, Andrew Goodwin, Samuel Wentworth.
1827-28.—Thomas Goodwin, John P. Lord (2d), Andrew Austin.
1829-34.—Thomas Goodwin, Andrew Austin, Wm. A. Thompson.
1835.—Thomas Goodwin, John Warren, Wm. A. Thompson.
1836.—Thomas Goodwin, John Warren, Andrew Austin.
1837-38.—Thomas Goodwin, David Boyd, William Hight.
1839-41.—Thomas Goodwin, Richard H. Walker, Richard Davis.
1842.—Thomas Goodwin (2d), Richard Davis, Rufus Thurrell.
1843-45.—John P. Lord, Augustus Goodwin, Richard H. Walker.
1846-47.—David Boyd, Job Emery, Jedediah Goodwin.
1848-57.—Bartholomew Wentworth, Mark F. Goodwin, John Hans-
com.
1858-59.—Paul Stone, Isaac P. Yeaton, David M. Goodwin.
1860.—Elisha H. Jewett, Sylvester W. Chadbourne, Ephraim Hods-
don.
1861.—Nehemiah Colby, Elisha H. Jewett, Sylvester W. Chadbourne.
1862.—Nehemiah Colby, William A. Young, Sylvester W. Chadbourne.
1863-64.—William A. Young, George Hobbs, Gideon Waldron.
1865.—Isaac P. Yeaton, William A. Young, John Gray.
1866.—John Gray, Edward 8. Goodwin, John A. Dennett.
1867.—John Gray, Edward 8. Goodwin, Isaac L. Moore.
1868-69.—Shepley W. Ricker, John A. Hooper, Horace J. Goodwin.
1870-71.—Thomas J. Goodwin, Joshua Goodwin (2d), John Blaisdell.
1871-72.—Joshua Goodwin, Nathaniel Kimball, Isaac Libby, Jr.
1873.—Joshua Goodwin, Nathaniel Kimball, Thomas J. Goodwin.
1874.—Nathaniel Kimball, Henry A. Stone, Thomas J. Goodwin.
1875.—Henry A. Stone, Thomas J. Goodwin, Isaac Hersom.
1876.—Isaac Hersom, John A. Dennett, Sewall,F. Lord.
1877-79.—John A. Dennett, Charles Bennett, Isaac Hanscom.

PROMINENT MEN.

Gen. Ichabod Goodwin was the grandson of Thomas, the
first emigrant of the Goodwin name in town, having settled
here as early as 1660. A portion of the old farm is still
in possession of a descendant of the first settler. Ichabod,
322 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

a son of Thomas, wasa member of the General Court of
Massachusetts in 1754, a captain in the Provincial army,
and at the breaking out of the French war raised a company
from among his neighbors and friends, and in 1758 was or-
dered to Lake George to join Abercrombie in the attack
upon Ticonderoga. He was wounded and returned home.
His son Ichabod, the subject of this sketch, was born May
25,1743. He early became accustomed to the bustle of
camp and din of battle. Though a boy of fifteen, he ac-
companied the captain in his Ticonderoga campaign. He
was a member of the Provincial Congress in 1775-77. In
1775 he was appointed, in connection with others, to pur-
chase arms for the troops. At the surrender of Burgoyne’s
army the York County regiment of militia was detailed to
guard the prisoners, Col. Gerrish and Lieut.-Col. I. Good-
win in command. In1780, while colonel of 2d Regiment
of York County, he was appointed superintendent of troops
to be enlisted in the county. After the Revolution he be-
came the first major-general of militia for the county of
York. In 1792 he was representative from Berwick ; was
sheriff of the county nearly twenty-seven years. His first
commission as lieutenant was issued by King George IIT.
In the war of 1812, while major-general, his division was
called out, and portions of it stationed at exposed points, as
Kittery, York, etc. He died May 25, 1829, aged eighty-
six. Two sons, Dominicus and James 8., graduated at
Dartmouth. The first studied law, but died suddenly from
exposure in the trenches at Boston. James became a
physician. The family has numerous descendants in the
county, whose names are often found upon the records as
connected with the administration of public affairs.

Dudley Hubbard was born in Ipswich, Mass., March 3,
1763; graduated from Harvard in 1786; studied law with
Daniel Davis, of Portland; admitted to the bar in 1789;
established himself at South Berwick, and became one of
the leading lawyers of the county. His tact in the man-
agement of cases, and his close attention to the business of
his profession, secured for him a large and lucrative prac-
tice. Young men sought his office as an admirable legal
school.

Edward P. Hayman was born in Boston, Feb. 22, 1771;
came to South Berwick while a young man; entered the
office of Mr. Hubbard, where he remained five years, the
term of apprenticeship then required before admission to
the bar. He was admitted November, 1796. In 1800 he
was elected clerk of the Massachusetts Senate, the same
year appointed assistant clerk of the Supreme Court, and
the next year one of the circuit clerks, which office he held
till 1820. He then returned to the practice of his pro-
fession till 1823, when he assumed the duties of cashier of
South Berwick Bank, which position he filled acceptably
till his death, Dec. 25, 1831.

Benjamin Greene was born May 5, 1764; graduated
from Harvard in 1784; took charge of Berwick Academy
in 1797; admitted to the bar in 1801; representative to
the General Court from 1809-11, 1813-17, and in 1819;
member of convention to frame State Constitution in 1819;
chief justice of Court of Common Pleas from 1811 to 1822;
Speaker of the House in 1824; marshal of United States,
by appointment of President Adams, from 1824 to 1830.

 

He left several sons, who, as doctors and lawyers, became
prominent in other towns.*

Among the leading men of a more recent period may be
mentioned William Burleigh, a representative to the Eigh-
teenth and Nineteenth Congresses.

John N. Goodwin was a representative in the Thirty-
seventh Congress, Governor of Arizona, and delegate from
that Territory to Congress. He is now a resident of New
York City. 4

Charles Greene, son of Hon. Benjamin Greene, entered
the practice of law from South Berwick.

Ebenezer Sullivan was born in Berwick, studied law, and
practiced here for a short time, a contemporary with Hub-
bard, but his habits were irregular, and his practice failed.
He possessed the Sullivan talent, and at one time com-
manded a company against the Western Indians. He died
in New York.

William A. Hayes was born in North Yarmouth, Oct. 20,
1783; graduated at Dartmouth with the highest honors
in 1805. One year he studied law with E. Whitman, a
short time with Mr. Hubbard, finishing his course with
Artemas Ward, of Charlestown. He was admitted to the
Middlesex bar in 1809, and soon opened an office in the
village, where he spent the remainder of his life. At the
death of Mr. Hubbard he succeeded to his business, as
well as to his elegant mansion and farm. He was presi-
dent of the bank more than twenty-five years; president of
York County bar about the same length of time; many
years president of the board of trustees of academy; judge
of probate from 1828 to 1847; also a representative to
the Legislature in 1822. He was a useful and public-
spirited man, and enjoyed the confidence of his fellow-
citizens.

Charles Northend Cogswell was born in Berwick, April
24, 1797, graduated from Bowdoin in 1814, studied law
in the office of Judge Hayes, and was admitted to the bar
in 1817. He was a representative and a State senator.
He died in 1843.

Charles C. Cogswell, a prominent lawyer in another
State, and a member of the Senate, was a native of this
town.

John P. Lord, son of Gen. John Lord, studied law, but
engaged in mercantile pursuits. He is popularly known
as the author of the Maine Townsman, the first edition of
which appeared in 1844, For a number of years he occu-
pied a position in the custom-house at Boston. He died
in 1878, at the age of ninety-three years. He was the
father of nineteen children ; one of these, Rev. John Lord,
LL.D., of Stamford, Conn., has made himself eminent as
a lecturer upon history. Also, Rev. Charles Lord, an au-
thor of some note.

Hiram H. Hobbs, a son of Nathaniel Hobbs, of North
Berwick, graduated at Bowdoin in 1823, and has since
been a successful lawyer of this town.

John Hubbard, a rising young lawyer and graduate of
Harvard College, died in 1838.

Hon. John B. Nealley, who has practiced law here since
1845, has been a member of the State Senate.

 

* See Bench and Bar, in General History.
TOWN OF SOUTH BERWICK. 323

 

George C. Yeaton, late county attorney of York County,
is a resident of South Berwick village and a prominent
citizen.

Charles C. Hobbs, son of Hiram C. Hobbs, graduated
at Harvard in the class of 1855, and, after a short practice in
Boston, Mass., returned and entered practice with his father.

Hon. John H. Burleigh has been in both branches of
the Legislature, and for several years has been the enter-
prising agent of the Newichawannock Company.

Elisha H. Jewett has represented his district in the State
Senate.

Jeremiah Bradley was clerk of the county court for
many years.

Richard Leader, who built the Great Works mill, was a
prominent man, and acquired wealth through his immense
lumbering operations. He was elected six times a member
of the board of associates under Governor Godfrey’s ad-
ministration previous to its termination in 1652.

Benjamin Chadbourne, a descendant of one of the first
settlers, is remembered as an extensive landholder and a
man of public spirit. He was a representative of the
town, a magistrate, and member of the Congregational
Church, and was the father of Jonathan C., Benjamin, and
Ichabod R. Chadbourne.

John Cushing, a native of Scituate, Mass., and a mer-
chant of Boston in 1776, became a citizen of South Ber-
wick after the close of the war. He was a nephew of Chief
Justice William Cushing.

Gen. John Lord was a prosperous merchant, and was a
representative and State senator. He was the father of
Nathan Lord, D.D., ex-president of Dartmouth College.
He had five children,—John P., Samuel, Nathan, Augus-
tus, and Susan. Augustus died young, Susan married
Judge Hayes; Samuel became a cashier in a bank at
Portsmouth, which position he held uninterruptedly for a
period of fifty years.

Three citizens of the town have been members of the
United States Congress: William Burleigh, 1823-25 ;
John N. Goodwin, in the Thirty-seventh Congress; John
H. Burleigh, in 1873-75. Ichabod Goodwin and William
Gerrish were members of the Provincial Congress from
Oct. 17, 1774, to July 19, 1775.

Ichabod R. Chadbourne entered the service and was
lieutenant of Col. Bartholomew Thompson’s company in
the war of 1812.

Col. Bartholomew Thompson went into that war as a cap-
tain, and became a colonel.

Capt. Horace Jewett, now brevet-major in the United
States army, entered the service as captain in the 15th In-
fantry in December, 1862, and has since remained in the
service.

Benjamin Greene was representative in the General Court
in 1714-15; none in 1716-19.

PHYSICIANS.

Among the physicians of the town have been Richard
Hazeltine, M.D., who was an active participant in town
affairs in 1812-14; T. H. Jewett, M.D., became a pro-
fessor in a medical college and an eminent practitioner ;
Nathaniel Low, M.D., member of the Legislature in 1824.

 

The more recent physicians have been C. F. Trafton,
S. H. Jewett, C. Sanborn, E. P. Gerrish, EH. D, Jacques,
Calvin H. Guptill, John L. Willis, since 1878.

 

BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH.

HON. JOHN HOLMES BURLEIGH

was born in South Berwick, Me., Oct. 22, 1822. His
father, Hon. William Burleigh, was a member of the High-
teenth and Nineteenth Congresses, and member elect of the
Twentieth Congress at the time of his death, in July, 1827.
John was the youngest of three sons, and when he was six-
teen, the property left by his father having been exhausted,
he was compelled by necessity to go to sea before the mast
at seven dollars a month. He became an able seaman, and
was successively second mate, chief mate, and captain of a
ship sailing on foreign voyages. He sailed several times
around the world. In 1850 his wife accompanied him on
a voyage around Cape Horn to Calcutta, and thence home-
ward by way of the Cape of Good Hope. Mr. Burleigh
had all the variety of adventure attendant upon seafaring
life. His ship was dismantled in a hurricane off the island
of Bermuda, and wrecked on one of the Orkney Islands.
He finally abandoned the sea in 1853, and went with his
brother into the foundry business, in which they were very
successful. Two years later he aided in forming in his
native town a wool-manufacturing corporation, afterwards
known as the ‘‘ Newichawannock Woolen-Mills,” of which,
in 1855, he became the leading owner and manager, and
remained so to the time of his death. He was for several
years president of the South Berwick National Bank, and
of the savings bank of the same town.

In politics he was a Republican from the first. He was
a member of the State Legislatures of 1862, 1864, 1866,
and 1872. He was chosen by his party in the State Legis-
lature of 1864 delegate-at-large to the Baltimore Conven-
tion that nominated Lincoln and Johnson. In 1872 he
was elected a representative from the First District of Maine
to the Forty-third Congress, by a large majority.* He served
on the Committee on Naval Affairs, and, without being
prominent in debate, was faithful in the discharge of all his
duties as a representative. Mr. Burleigh was remarkably
successful in all his undertakings. He was an active mem-
ber of the Congregational Church, and a liberal promoter
of religious, moral, and benevolent enterprises. He was a
trained business man, of strictest integrity, clear, cool-
headed, not ostentatious, and never assuming more than he
could perform. ,

He was eminently social in his nature, genial and kind-
hearted, and his home was the centre of hospitality.

He married, Oct. 28, 1850, Matilda, daughter of Tim-
othy and Anna A. Buffum, of North Berwick. She was
born Jan. 4, 1823. They had five children, namely, Charles
H., born Dec. 4, 1852, resides at Denver, Col.; John M.,
born Sept. 24, 1854; Walter A., born March 30, 1856;
Annie A., born Nov. 19, 1860; and S. Elizabeth, born
Aug. 5, 1862.

# See Members of Congress, in Civil List, chap. xxv.

 
PARSONSFIELD.

 

GENERAL DESCRIPTION.

PARSONSFIELD joins the New Hampshire line, and is the
most northerly town in York County. It includes an area
of about sixty-two square miles, or 39,387 acres of land
and water. It is bounded on the north by the towns of Por-
ter and Hiram, in Oxford County, on the east by Cornish
and Limerick, on the north by Newfield, and on the west
by the towns of Effingham, Ossipee; Wakefield, and Free-
dom, in Strafford and Carroll Counties, N. H.

Province and Lord’s Ponds are on the eastern boundary.
The Great Ossipee, which forms the northern boundary, is
fed by South River, Great Brook, and the outlet of Spruce
Pond, which divide the northern part of the town into
broad valleys and dividing ridges.

Cedar Mountain, near the centre, and Randall Mountain,
in the southeast, are the highest elevations. From these
heights the surrounding scenery is beautiful and impressive.
Far to the northward the White Mountains, in New Hamp-
shire, are seen lifting their rugged peaks above the clouds,
which, in connection with the hills and valleys between
dotted here and there with neat little villages, farm-houses,
and the quiet lakes below, give a picturesque beauty to the
scene rarely surpassed. The soil is generally fertile, pro-
ducing good crops of hay and grain when properly tilled.
The hills, where cleared, are covered with cultivated
meadows nearly to their summits. Apples are grown in
great abundance and form a chief source of income. Fine
groves of maple produce sugar and syrups sufficient for
home use. Many indications of iron, lead, silver, and gold
are found in different parts of the town, but no heavy
deposits have been discovered. Spruce, Long, and Mudget
or West Ponds, in the east, cover an area of three to five
hundred acres each, and are fed by springs.

PURCHASE AND TRANSFER OF LAND.

Francis Small, an Indian trader at Kittery, on the 28th
of November, 1668, purchased of the sagamore, Captain
Sunday, of Newichawannock, a body of land twenty miles
square for two large English blankets, two pounds of
powder, four pounds of musket-balls, twenty strings of
Indian beads, and two gallons of rum.

The General Court of Massachusetts confirmed the titles
to Mr. Small, which covered all the lands in York County
lying between the Great and Little Ossipee Rivers. Mr.
Small sold an undivided interest to Capt.—afterwards Maj.
—Nicholas Shapleigh, of Kittery, and April 30, 1711,
transferred his remaining interest to his son, Samuel Small.
There was no further transfer or occupancy until after the
discovery of the missing original deed to Francis Small, in
1770. The descendants of the two proprietors then im-
mediately took formal possession, and a partition of the land

324

 

was effected Aug. 5, 1771. The territory comprising the
township of Parsonsfield, half of Limerick, and Shapleigh,
which was afterwards found to be outside the limits of the
grant, fell to the claimants under Shapleigh, who, on the
same day, conveyed Parsonsfield to Thomas Parsons and 39
associates. The lands were soon after laid out in lots.

PREPARATIONS FOR SETTLEMENT.

In pursuance of a vote of the proprietors at a meeting
held at the dwelling-house of Deacon William Leighton,
innholder, of Kittery, Dec. 19, 1774, a charter or agree-
ment was given to Thomas Parsons, December 23d, by
James Gowen. Jotham Moulton, Esq., Alexander Scam-
mell, Philip Hubbard, and Nathaniel Remick, who were a
committee on behalf of the Shapleigh heirs, by which 80
lots in various parts of the town were reserved for Thomas
Parsons and his associates; 3 lots each reserved for the first
minister, the ministry, and the grammar school; and the
remainder open for settlement. Mr. Parsons was required
to cause 12 families to settle on his lots before the last day
of March, 1775, each having thereon a house 18 feet
square and 3 acres of land cleared fit for the plow. Within
four years from that date he was to have 40 families
settled and actually residing in the town, and within seven
years a house 30 by 40 feet boarded and shingled for public
worship. At the end of that time he was to have the gospel
continually and statedly preached ; provided, that in case a
war should fall out with the French and Indians, rendering
it hazardous to proceed with settlement during that time,
the duration of such war should be excepted.

The original plot was 6 miles square, and was laid out
with usual liberal allowance for “slack of chain,” water,
swamp, and mountain, in lots one-half mile from north to
south, and containing 220 acres each. These were num-
bered from east to west, commencing with the north range.
The nearest point on the Great Ossipee River was a quarter
of a mile north. The land between that included in the
grant and the river had been sold to Patrick Tracy, but
was joined to the plantation under the terms of this grant
or purchase. Lot 45, on Great Brook, was reserved as a
mill-privilege. Highways were allowed for in the survey
on all east-and-west lines, and between every 3 lots north
and south, as well as around the entire tract. A training-
field and burying-yard were laid out on the northeast part
of lot No. 100, now Parsonsfield Cemetery. Two lots were
also voted soon after to Rev. Mr. Spring.

SETTLEMENT.

Twelve families moved into the town as early as 1772,
and were already living there at the time of the agreement
through which settlement was to be encouraged: In 1775,
 

LUTHER SANBORN.

Mars. LutHER SANBORN

 

 

 

 

 

Me

Res. OF C.F. SANBORN, SOUTH PARSONSFIELD,
TOWN OF PARSONSFIELD. 325

 

John and Gideon Doe, of Newmarket, N. H., settled in the
western part of the town on land that has since been con-
tinuously owned and occupied by their descendants. About
this time, George Kezar, a native of Canterbury, N. H.,
moved into the town, and built a log house near his
hunting-camp at Kezar meadow. Mr. Kezar had been a
renowned hunter and trapper in his younger days, and was
probably the first white man who pitched his camp in either
of the five Ossipee towns. When he began to feel the in-
firmities of age, he moved from Francisboro' to Parsonsfield
that he might dwell among his hunting-camps. Elisha
Wadleigh, whose farm lay between Long and West Ponds,
was informed by Kezar that in that vicinity had been his
most productive hunting-grounds. The old hunter had a
desperate encounter with a bear pear Mr. Wadleigh’s. The
bear had killed a sheep on Mudget’s Hill, dragged it down
into the lowlands, and covered it with leaves. Mr. Kezar set
a spring gun at the place, which the bear discharged when
he returned for his mutton. Following the trail of blood
upon the leaves and grass, he came upon the bear lying
beside a rock. Supposing it to be dead, he approached,
when it arose upon its feet and confronted him. His only
weapon was a hatchet. In attempting to draw this from
his belt his feet tripped, and he fell upon his back. The
bear seized him by his right side. By a desperate effort he
broke its hold, when the infuriated animal caught his right
hand in its mouth. Taking the hatchet in his left, he con-
tinued to chop with it until the bear fell dead. This was
his last hunt, his hand having been so crippled as to become
useless. The village of Kezar Falls takes its name from
him. Lot Wedgewood settled at North Parsonsfield about
1775-76, and several other families soon after.

Thomas Parsons, one of the proprietors, is supposed by
many to have been the first settler, and there is no doubt
of his having been among the original twelve who came in
in 1772. He moved from Exeter, N. H., in 1771, and built
a log cabin in Effingham, which he left to occupy his farm
just over the State line in Parsonsfield, near Lord’s Pond,
and more recently owned and occupied by his grandson, J. P.
Emerson. Mr. Parsons built, upon his farm, the first frame
house in the town. He was twice married, and had twenty-
one children.

The town was large, and, owing to the diversity of its
surface, was thinly settled throughout.

Deacon Elijah Wadleigh, who was born in the garrison-
house at South Berwick, Feb. 15, 1769, was an early
settler between Long and West Ponds, where he pur-
chased 100 acres of land, now occupied by his grandson,
Elisha Shapleigh, for $300, none of which he was able to
pay down. This he paid during the next four years. He
lived to the remarkable age of one hundred and three years,
and when passed one hundred was able to converse fluently
on the events of the four generations of succeeding improve-
ment through which he had passed. He died in 1874.

The road passing from Mr. Parsons’ place to the south-
east across the town was not laid ont until 1794. At
that date the only residents along its line were David
Hobbs, near the New Hampshire line; J. Grenville,
Thomas Parsons, Levi Stone, Josiah Clark, Enoch and
Walter Neal, and, beside the church, the inn, kept by Job

 

Colcord, at Parsonsfield village. Between there and Middle
Road Crossing were Daniel Philbrick and Robert Brown.
Two miles south, on the hill, lived Deacon “Sam” Moul-
ton, and Jesse Wedgwood nearly opposite. At the foot of
the hill, a mile below, were William Leavitt and “ Zeb”
Pease. George Wickford, Elisha Piper, “the master,”
John Morrison, Joseph Pain, and the old log school-house
occupied the natural meadows at what is now South Par-
sonsfield. Mr. Moore lived near the Newfield line. The
whole route was then an unbroken wilderness, except at the
meadow and the small clearings mentioned. These per-
sons were nearly all living there in 1786. There were also
at that date the following persons resident and holding
lands, who are not mentioned above, nor in the list of the
first town officers: Nathaniel Ames, John Bartlett, Amos
Blazo, Col. James Chesley, Edward Cutts, Job Colson,
Capt. John and Gideon Frost, 8. Gilman, Capt. John Good-
win, Andrew and Dudley Hilton, John Hill, Philip Hub-
bard, David Hilton, Solomon Kinsman, William and Sam-
uel Leighton, Col. Ebenezer Moulton, Dr. Daniel Pierce,
Capt. R. 8. Rogers, Nath. Remick, Capt. John and Elisha
Staple, James Shapleigh, Jonathan Towle, Wint. Wiggin,
and Jacob Scagel.

The loss of the proprietors’ and original town record pre-
vious to 1794 prevents the publication of much of the early
history pertaining to the Revolutionary period. The records
were abandoned at that date, after copying the list of offi-
cers, acts of incorporation, and proprietary agreements only
into a new town book.

INCORPORATION.

The town of Parsonsfield was incorporated by act of the
General Court of Massachusetts, approved March 9, 1785,
and passed in response to a petition of the citizens who de-
sired a more secure government, It is very liberally de-
scribed in the act as “containing about thirty-six square
miles.” The name was given to it in honor of Thomas Par-
sons, Esq., who was highly respected by the citizens.

Under a warrant issued by Simon Frye, Esq., justice of
the peace, the first town-meeting was held, at the house of
Mr. Parsons, Aug. 29,1785. Thomas Powers, Esq., was
chosen Moderator; John Doe, Town Clerk ; Thomas Pow-
ers, John Doe, and Gilman Longee, Selectmen; Samuel
Page, Collector and Constable ; Gideon Doe, Thomas Par-
sons, Jr., Assessors ; Elisha Piper, Josiah Colcord, James
Marston, David Mudget, Tithingmen; George Bickford,
Taylor Page, Philip Paine, Gideon Doe, Samuel Longee,
Surveyors of Highways; Job Colcord, Field-driver; Wal-
ter Neal, Pound- Keeper ; Edward Chase, Surveyor of Lum-
ber; Jeremiah Avery, Sealer of Leather ; Tanner Doe, Lot-
Layer ; Samuel Pease, David Hobbs, and Edmund Chase,
Committee to Examine the Selectmen’s Accounts.

CIVIL LIST.

TOWN CLERKS.

John Doe, 1785-86; John Doe, Jr., 1787-89; Joseph Parsons, 1790;
David Hobbs, 1791-92 ; Joseph Parsons, 1793-94; James Hart,
1795; Joseph Parsons, 1796-1806; James Bradbury, 1807-14;
Rev. John Buzzell, 1815-16; Andrew Pease, 1817-24; Rufus
McIntire, 1825-27; Tristram Redman, 1828; Tobias Ricker,
1829-31; Noah Tebbetts, 1832-34; Asa Dalton, 1835; Tobias
Ricker, 1836-40; John P. Bennett, 1841-43; William E. Moul-
326 ‘ HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

ton, 1844-47 ; Silas Moulton, 1848-53; Alvah Doe, 1854; Joseph
Wedgwood, 1855; Alvah Doe, 1856-58; John T. Wedgwood,
1859-61; Samuel Merrill, 1862-63; John Bennett, 1864-66;
Otis B. Churchill, 1867-70; John Bennett, 1871-72; Luther
Neal, 1873-75; George Moulton, 1876-79.

SELECTMEN.

1785.—Thomas Parsons, John Doe, Gilman Longee.
1786.—John Kinsman, Gilman Longee, Elisha Piper.
1787. { George Bickford, Philip Paine, Samuel Page.

Thomas Parsons, John Doe, Jonathan Kinsman.*
1788.—Thomas Parsons, John Kinsman, Gideon Doe.
1789.— Jonathan Kinsman, David Hobbs, Samuel Hobbs.
1790.—Thomas Parsons, Philip Pain, Jonathan Kinsman.
1791.—David Hobbs, Jonathan Kinsman, John Doe.
1792.—Philip Paine, David Hobbs, Jonathan Kinsman,
1793.—Joseph Parsons, Samuel Longee, John Doe.
1794.—Capt. David Hobbs, Joseph Parsons, Samuel Longee.
1795 —Capt. David Hobbs, John Doe, Jr., Lieut. James Remick.
1796-98.—Joseph Parsons, Juseph Huckens, Samuel Longee.
1799-1800.—Joseph Parsons, David Marston, Samuel Longee.
1801,—Joseph Parsons, David Marston, James Remick.
1802-5.—Joseph Parsons, David Marston, John Paine.
1806.—David Marston, Samuel Garland, William Blazo.
1807-8.—David Marston, William Blazo, Simon Marston.
1809-12.—Simon Marston, William Blazo, Simon Mudget.
1813.—Simon Marston, Moses Sweat, Simon Mudget.
1814.—Simon Marston, David Marston, Simon Mudget.
1815.—Simon Marston, Thomas Parsons, Capt. Abner Kezar.
1816.—Simon Marston, Thomas Parsons, William Blazo.
1817.—Maj,. John Moore, Hardy Merrill, Ammi R. Lord.
1818.—Maj. John Moore, Hardy Merrill, Rufus McIntire.
1819.—Rufus McIntire, John Moore, Hardy Merrill.
1820.—John Moore, Abner Kezar, Hardy Merrill.
1821.—John Moore (2d), Abner Kezar, Hardy Merrill.
1822-23.—Jonathan Piper, Hardy Merrill, Abner Kezar.
1824.—Jonathan Piper, Abner Kezar, Elliot Fernald.
1825.—Jonathan Piper, Hardy Merrill, Elliot Fernald.
1826.—Jonathan Piper, Hardy Merrill, Abner Kezar.
1827-28.—Jonathan Piper, Isaac Felch, Abner Kezar.
1829-31.—Abner Kezar, John Bailey, Benjamin Weeks,
1832-34.—Tristram Redman, Harvey M. Towle, James W. Weeks.
1835-36.—Tristram Redman, John Brackett (2d), Gilman L. Bennett.
1837-38.—Jobn Brackett, Gilman L. Bennett, Jonathan Tuck.
1839-40.—Jonathan Tuck, John Mudget, James W. Weeks,
1841-42.—John Mudget, Alvah Doe, Jesse Wedgwood.
1843.—Alvah Doe, Jesse Wedgwood, John Kezar.
1844.—John P. Bennett, James Brackett, John Kezar.
1845.—John Kezar, James Brackett, Jr., John P. Bennett.
1846,—John P. Bennett, Capt. James Brackett, Robert T. Blazo.
1847-48.—James Brackett, Robert T. Blazo, Jacob Marston.
1849-50.—Daniel Piper, Enoch W. Neal, John Kezar.
1851.—Enoch W. Neal, Wm. EZ. Moulton, Thomas B. Wentworth.
1852-54.—Wm. E. Moulton, Thomas E. Wentworth, Nathan Brown.
1855.—John Brackett (2d), John M. Ames, Gilman Longee.
1856-57.—John Mudget, Ira Moore, Jacob Dearborn.
1858.—John M. Ames, Jacob Dearborn, Ivory Fenderson.
1859.—Alvah Doe, Chase Boothby, Thomas Churchill.
1860.—Chase Boothby, Thomas Churchill, Dominicus Ricker, Jr.
1861.—Chase Boothby, Thomas Churchill, Dominicus Ricker.
1862.—Chase Boothby, Dominicus Ricker, Elliot Fernald.
1863.—Dominicus Ricker, Elliot Fernald, Joseph Dearborn,
1864.—Elliot Fernald, Joseph Dearborn, Samuel Merrill.
1865.—Wm. E. Moulton, Asa A. Parsons, Jonathan W. Trueworthy.
1866-67.—Alvah Doe, Jonathan W. Trueworthy, Joseph S. Dearborn.
1868.—Joseph 8. Dearborn, Samuel Merrill, Hardy Merrill.
1869.—Joseph 8. Dearborn, Samuel Merrill, Loring T. Staples,
1870.—Hardy Merrill, Loring T. Staples, Joseph Parsons.
1871.—Loring T. Staples, Joseph Parsons, James W. Cook.
1872-73.—Joseph Parsons, John Neal, Nehemiah T. Libby.
1874.—John M. Ames, John Devereaux, Ivory Fenderson.

 

= The first elected selectmen having refused to take the oath of al-
legiance to the Jaws of the commonwealth, a second board was elected
June 30th of that year.

 

1875.—Thomas B. Wentworth, John Neal, Samuel G. Dearborn.
1876-77.— John Neal, Samuel G. Dearborn, Otis B. Churebill.
1878.—Otis B. Churchill, Eben G. Perry, Robert Merrill.
1879.—Otis B. Churchill, John Neal, Ivory Fenderson.

VILLAGES AND HAMLETS.

PARSONSFIELD VILLAGE.

Parsonsfield village, the seat of town government, is
located on the southwestern slope of Cedar Mountain, a
short distance below the old burying-ground, church-yard,
and training-field laid out by the proprietors in 1774.
The first town-house, begun in 1790 as a church, was fin-
ished for a town-house in 1794-95, and succeeded Job Col-
cord’s inn, the first house in the village, as the place of all
public gatherings. The town-house now standing on the
hill joining the burying-ground was built by Wm. Moulton,
Jr., in 1833, and decorated in the style of the times by
painting the walls red, the doors green, and the trimmings
white. The place now contains two churches, town-house,
school-house, the tannery opened by John Morrell, in 1830,
and conducted by his son, John A. Morrell, since 1867; a
general store, conducted by L. T. Staples, proprietor, since
1872 (formerly Ed. Wentworth and Benjamin Dalton);
blacksmith-shop of C. EK. Weeman; 16 dwellings, and half
a mile west Whitney & Edwards’ shingle-mill,—one of the
oldest in the town. A letter written by Hon. Rufus Mc-
Intire, in 1820, says the post-office was established in 1798.
L. T. Staples is postmaster. Mails daily by Hast Wake-
field and North Parsonsfield stage.

EAST PARSONSFIELD,

the chief business centre, is built upon a broad ridge, sur-
rounded by hills covered with cultivated farms. The
dwellings, 40 in number, are scattered over a large space,
giving to the village an unusually neat appearance. This
was a thriving business place in the early days of lumber-
ing. The present business consists of the general store of
Mrs. A. R. Ridlon, conducted by her two sons, Joseph M.
and Woodbridge G. Ridlon, since 1878 (established by
Frank Dearborn, in 1867); Moulton & Weeks’ grocery-
store (opened by Charles Newton-and Timothy Poindex-
ter); hardware, tin, and stove store, and manufactory of
D. E. Garland & Co., opened in 1877 ; the clothing manu-
factories of Nute & Co., established by Charles O. Nute,
in 1867, and employing from 8 to 12 operatives in the
shop; Benjamin Pray’s clothing manufactory, employing 2
operatives since 1879; the carriage manufactories of G.
W. Dearborn and J. §, Allen, and the blacksmith-shops of
Joseph Dearborn and Ivory Marshall. The place contains
two churches and a hotel,—the Eureka House, conducted
by C. W. Brazier, proprietor, since 1870. Mails daily by
Waterborough stage. Enoch Allen, postmaster.

NORTH PARSONSFIELD
is a prosperous village of 40 dwellings, and is the location
of the North Parsonsfield Seminary. There are here three
stores: John B. Sweat, established in 1877 ; Gardner Small,
established in 1879; and a store of the Granger Association,
Hardy Merrill, agent; carriage-shops, J. W. Hodsdon,
established in 1830; Elisha B. Wadleigh, established in
1850; custom shoemaker, Garduer Smart, established in
 

MAJ. THOMAS CHURCHILL. MRS. MARY E.CHURCHILL.

 

 

 

 

 

 

RES OF THELATE MAJOR THOMAS CHURCHILL Nartn Parsonsriéto, ME.
 

PHOTOS BY CONANT, PORTLAND

THOS. S. CHURCHILL. MRS. THOS.S.CHURCHILL.

 

    

 

 

 

a
RSONFIELD, YoRK Co.,Me.
THE OLD HOMESTEAD OF W” D.DIXON.

 
TOWN OF PARSONSFIELD. 327

 

1857. Postmaster since 1862, Gardner Smart. Mails
daily, by South Parsonsfield and East Wakefield, N. H.,
stage.

WEST PARSONSFIELD
is a post-office and store, now in New Hampshire, but for-
merly in Maine, on the opposite side of the road which
forms the dividing line.

SOUTH PARSONSFIELD

is a hamlet of several farm-houses surrounding a church
and school-house, on the site of one of the natural mead-
ows. George Hilton, postmaster, since 1835. Mails daily.

KEZAR FALLS,

a prosperous village of some 30 dwellings, on the Ossipee
River, takes its name from George Kezar, the famous
hunter, and first resident at that point. There are here a
fine water-power and the following manufactories: lumber
mills, Devereaux & Hilliott, since 1877 (formerly Stone &
Elliott) ; grist-mill, John Devereaux, established previous
to 1800; stone- and saw-mill, Charles B. Pendexter ;
shovel handles, James H. Keyon, established in 1878;
stoves, J. Merrifield; blacksmiths, A. C. Wentworth, M.
Ridlon & Son; painters, Eastman Bros.

Merchants: E. H. Newbegin & Son, established 1870;
W. G. Davis, established 1878, formerly Norton & Davis’
general store; S. Edgecomb, groceries, corn, and flour,
established 1874; John Devereaux, corn and flour, estab-
lished 1872.

William T. Sargent, postmaster. Mails daily.

In the southeast, two miles from Hast Parsonsfield, are
the old Blaisdell Mills, erected by Dr. Thomas Blaisdell
about 1790, and operated by G. H. Stanley since 1872,
and the carriage-shop of Zephaniah Seavey, opened in
1846; a stcre formerly kept here was distontinued many
years ago.

The town contained, in 1839, seven grist-mills, seven saw-
mills, a woolen-factory, and an oil-mill.

BURYING-GROUNDS.

The ground, set aside by the proprietors in 1774, is half
filled with a grove of thrifty young pines, and carpeted with
a dense growth of evergreens. The old church which stood
near has long since disappeared, but many of its worshipers
rest in this little burying-ground. Rev. Benjamin Rolfe,
the first settled minister, was buried here in 1817; Tobias
Ricker, in 1844; Rev. Wentworth Lord, in 1846, at the
age of eighty-nine ; Edmund Stackpole, Josiah Hanneford,
and Deacon Samuel Garland, early settlers, are also buried
here.

There is another large and well-filled burying-ground at
North Parsonsfield, containing nearly all the earlier pio-
neers who are not buried in some of the numerous private
grounds on their own homesteads.

Among the places of historic interest stands most promi-
nent the “ Old Emerson House.” This is a modern title
derived from Capt. Luther Emerson, a prominent citizen,
and son-in-law of Thomas Parsons, Esq. The house was
the dwelling-house of Mr. Parsons, and the first frame
house erected in the town. It was in this house that the

 

first election was held, and all public business transacted for
some years previous to the incorporation in 1785.

CHURCHES.
CONGREGATIONALIST.

At the second town-meeting, held in 1786, £90 were
voted for preaching the ensuing year. The first meeting-
house was commenced on the Middle road, after much fast-
ing and prayer and many delays, in 1790 ; but, as a Baptist
sentiment prevented unity of action, the frame stood ex-
posed to the weather for two years, when the town voted to
finish the meeting-house, and that it should be considered
a town-house. Hither society was allowed the privilege of
buying it on payment of the other society’s investment.
After two years’ further delay (in 1794), £25 were voted
to repair the frame, and it was finished by the town. Corn
was exchanged at the same time to the value of £26 for
warlike stores, and £40 for preaching. It was first voted
to organize a church in 1792, and settle Rev. Benjamin
Straw, who was employed to preach. Rev. Rufus Anderson
succeeded him in 1793, and was offered £45 a year, two-
thirds corn at 3s. a bushel. This offer was accepted by
Rev. Benjamin Rolfe in 1795, and he became the first set-
tled minister. He remained until May 31, 1815. He
was born at Newbury, Mass., graduated at Harvard in
1777, and died at Parsonsfield, Dec. 17, 1817, aged sixty-
two years.

The Congregational society was incorporated Feb. 27,
1802, on petition of Thomas Parsons and 27 others, with
a right to control all real estate granted by the proprietors
for the support of the Congregational ministry.

Rey. Mr. Rolfe’s successors have been Henry True Kel-
ley, from June 29, 1825, to June 27, 1827; Charles S.
Adams, from Sept. 17, 1828, to Dec. 27, 1831; David
Page Smith, from July 11, 1832, to Aug. 19, 1834;
Samuel Ordway, from Dec. 5, 1838, to Dec. 8, 1841;
Elias Chapman, stated supply from 1849 to 1852; Nathan
W. Shelden, stated supply for six months of 1857; Jonas
Fiske, stated supply for 1859; Edmund Burt, for 1860 ;
John H. Mordough, for 1862; George 8. Kemp, for half
of 1864; and recently, Rev. N. Lord and Rev. David L.
Jones. Other supplies have been enjoyed for shorter terms
than one year, while at various times the society has been
destitute. Membership, 14. Officers, Otis G. Smith, Clerk ;
Charles F. Sanborn, Secretary. The present church was
built in 1830.

THE FIRST FREE-WILL BAPTIST CHURCH IN PARSONSFIELD

was organized in 1790, by Elder Benjamin Randall, of New
Durham, N. H., the founder of this denomination. Elder
Samuel Weeks was the first pastor. Elder John Buzzell
took the pastoral charge in 1798, and continued in that
office for about sixty years. During the last thirty years
of his life he was assisted in his ministerial duties by the
teachers of the North Parsonsfield Seminary. The first
house of worship occcupied by this society was of rude
construction, and soon gave place to a larger and more
elegant building, erected at North Parsonsfield in 1804.
This was destroyed by fire in 1852, and a third one erected

soon after. The society was released from the support of
328 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

the Congregationalist society in 1795, but it was not until
1823 that they, with the other churches, began to draw
their share of the town fund arising from ministerial lands.
Rev. L. Brackett commenced laboring with this church as
assistant to Elder Buzzell in 1851. During his ministry
the present church was built (1863). He was succeeded
by B. S. Manson in 1854, also an assistant of Elder Buz-
zell. In 1857, C. Hurlin was made pastor, and remained
until 1860, when G. S. Bradbury was ordained, and acted
as pastor for nearly five years. In 1865, C. Hurlin was
called to a second pastorate, and remained until 1867, when
E. C. Cook was appointed, who was succeeded by L. Brack-
ett in 1871. Rev. F. F. Millett, the present pastor, suc-
ceeded Rev. Mr. Brackett in 1878.

THE EAST PARSONSFIELD FREE-WILL BAPTIST CHURCH

was organized July 3, 1822, by Elder John, Buzzell, Deacon
Samuel Moulton, John H. Rand, and Moses Banks. Chris-
topher Bullock was chosen the first pastor. He died April
18, 1824, after which the church was supplied for six
years by itinerant preachers. In 1830, J. Fernald was
chosen pastor, and remained until 1836. In 1840, John O.
Hacket became pastor, who, with J. W. Hubbard, supplied
the pulpit until 1846. Shortly after James Rand became
pastor, and remained till 1852. Uriah Chase, Z. Jordan,
and others supplied for four years. From 1856, G. W.
Whitney served as pastor five years. Commencing in
1861, P. Caverly was pastor two years, succeeded by G.
W. Gould two years. In 1865, E. Cook was chosen pastor,
and was succeeded in 1870 by H. Brewer. Present min-
ister, Rev. L. T. Staples; membership, 51.

THE FREE-WILL BAPTIST CHURCH AT SOUTH PARSONS-
FIELD

was organized by a council which met at the old meeting-
house, July 15, 1830, with 36 members.

The first meeting-house, in which the council met, had
been erected as a branch house of the North church. A
second house of worship was built at South Parsonsfield in
1839, and dedicated by Rev. Silas Curtis. Among the first
members were Deacons Samuel Moulton, Pelatiah Ricker,
James Bradbury, David Merrill, and Rev. Andrew F. Foss.
Three Samuel Moultons have been successively deacons in
this-church, father, son, and grandsou. The second deacon,
Samuel Moulton, died in 1871, at the age of ninety-three
years, and was buried on the old Moulton homestead, a
short distance from the church.

The first pastor was Andrew J. Foss, who remained until
Oct. 16,1832. The succeeding pastors have been D. Jack-
son, from July 6, 1834, to May 8, 1836; Carlton Small,
from July 7, 1836, to Aug. 24, 1837; Thomas M. Preble,
from Jan. 27, 1838, to July 15, 1838; A. R. Bradbury,
from October, 1838, to October, 1839; Z. Jordan, from
Oct. 10, 1839, to May 4, 1846; J. W. Woodman, from
June 7, 1846, to June 8, 1847; Z. Jordan, a second pas-
torate, from June, 1847, to June, 1848; William T. Smith,
from January, 1849, to Oct. 27, 1852; C. O. Libby, from
Nov. 26, 1852, to May, 1860; C. Bean, from June, 1860,
to June, 1861; G. W. Whitney, from June, 1861, to May,
1862; O. F. Russell, from May, 1862, to May, 1864; A.

 

Caverno, from May, 1864, to April, 1866; F. W. Towne,
from April 1, 1866, to April 1, 1871; C. B. Peckham,
from June 18, 1871; P. S. Burbank, supply, 1873; H. P.
Lamprey, April, 1874, to 1877; F. O. Bardeen, present
pastor since March, 1877. The church numbers 142 mem-
bers.

Deacons: Samuel Moulton, died 1838 ; Peltaiah Ricker,
died 1842; John Pease, Samuel Burbank ; Samuel Moul-
ton, died 1871. Present: David Burbank, Harvey Page,
Senior Deacons; A. 8. Hilton, George Moulton, Junior
Deacons; A. S. Hilton, Clerk. °

BAPTIST CHURCH.

The following Baptists had their tax abated in 1790:
Samuel Pease, Jr., John Lybia, Ed. and John Fox. Gil-
man, Samuel and John Longee, Jonathan Towle, Jeremiah
Mudget, John Fox, Jr., Lot Wedgewood, James Perry,
Philip Paine, Samuel Weeks, and Enoch Lybia. They
were also allowed a share in the meeting-house equal to
their part of the tax.

The Baptist Church was organized in 1792 by Rev.
Levi Chadbourne, David Marston, Caleb Marston, James
Marston, John Doe, Walter Neal, Joseph Towle, Richard
Taylor, and others. The first pastor was Rev. Levi Chad-
bourne, followed by Rev. Wentworth Lord, who was suc-
ceeded by Rev. William Slason.

This society was doing Christian work some years before
it was regularly organized, and was a source of much an-
noyance to the established or Congregational Church.
Their building still stands near the site of the old First
church at Parsonsfield village, large, solid, and well built,
but fast going to decay. The membership, which was
28 in 1870, has been reduced by deaths and removals, but
the remaining members adhere to their faith and support
worship the best they can with the means at their com-
mand. Since Rev. J. M. Coburn was pastor, in 1870-71,
the pulpit has been supplied only a part of each year.

CHRISTIAN ADVENT CHURCH.

This church is the outgrowth of a series of social prayer-
meetings held in West Parsonsfield, by D. W. Stevens
and others, in 1869. Soon after, Rev. Mark Stevens
became pastor over the society thus gathered. They
were organized as a corporate body under the State law,
Aug. 21, 1877, with 12 members, among whom were
Elder Mark Stevens, David W. Stevens and wife, John G.
Lombard and wife, George O. Davis and wife, Ephraim
Billings and wife, and Van Buren Glidden. David W.
Stevens was ordained July 4, 1876, and has since been
doing evangelist’s work as a minister of the church. The
meeting-house was erected near Province Pond, and dedi-
cated in June, 1872, by Rev. Mr. Stinchfield, of Effing-
ham, N. H., and Rev. Horace L. Hastings, of Boston,
Mass. A union meeting-house formerly stood near the
site of the present church. The present officers are Rev.
Mark Stevens, Pastor; George O. Downs, Clerk; Giles G.
Lombard, Deacon. Membership, 30.

FRIENDS.

Among the early members of this religious fraternity
who settled in the town were Pelatiah Cartland, Benjamin
TOWN OF PARSONSFIELD. 329

 

Stevens, John Sweat, David -Merrill, and Edward Cobb,
afterwards a minister.

Meetings of this society were held here as early as
1805-6. They were held at the dwellings of Mr. Cobb,
Mr. Cartland, and Mr. Sweat, about two years, until the
first meeting-house was built. It stood on the Middle road.
Edward Cobb preached here, and Friends came from Lim-
ington to join in the services. A second meeting-house
was built on Silas Cartland’s farm, a mile and a half far-
ther east, in 1844. This was occupied until 1878, when
a larger one was erected in the village of East Parsonsfield,
at an expense of $1800. Though plain in its outward ap-
pearance, it is faultless in its style of architecture, and one
of the neatest church buildings in the north of York County.
There have been new members occasionally joined by re-
quest, since 1844, who were not previously connected with
the Friends. Since 1876 there have 24 been admitted in
this manner.

The Limington and Parsonsficld preparative meetings
were set off from Windham, and became a separate monthly
meeting, March 8, 1846, under the name of the Limington
Monthly Meeting, and have since held services alternately
at Limington and Parsonsfield. Silas H. Cartland is clerk.
Though an industrious and successful farmer, both himself
and wife devote a great portion of their time to preaching
at other places.

At present there are the following-named ministers in
Parsonsfield: Silas H. Cartland and Lydia A. Cartland,
his wife, Charles C. Varney, Phoebe L. Pope, and James
Cartland. The elders are Annie Cartland, mother of Silas
H. and James Cartland, and Sarah W. Leonard. There
are now about 100 members, 50 of whom are living in
Limington and the adjoining towns. The society is gain-
ing in numbers, and is more progressive and active in its
work here than ever before. Among their prominent men
of the past were Charles and Silas Cartland, Benjamin
Dalton, and James Cram.

PARSONSFIELD MINISTERIAL FUND.

There is a fund, held by an elected trustee and treasurer,
the interest of which is devoted to the support of preaching
the gospel. This is divided pro rata among the various
denominations, as called for by their requisitions each year.
The Friends have never made application for or received
any of this money. The vote in 1850 showed the following
applicants: First Regular Baptists, 46; Second Regular
Baptists, 54; First Free-Will Baptists, 48; Second Free-
Will Baptists, 61; Third Free-Will Baptists, 28; First
Baptists (Bullock branch), 161,-—-making 398, exclusive of
Friends and Congregationalists, who had not applied. In
1879, after paying the schools their one-half, $60, the re-
mainder was distributed as follows, the figures expressing
round numbers only: Free-Will Baptist, $18; Christian
Union (west), $10; Free-Will Baptist (east), $8; First
Regular Baptist, $3; Second Regular Baptist, $1; First
Free-Will Baptist, $6; Congregationalist, $1.50; Free-
Will Baptist (north), $11; Universalist, $2.50; Free-Will
Baptist (north), $2.50. All persons who are citizens are
entitled to a share of this fund, whether organized or not.
Clerk of Fund, George Fulton.

42

 

SCHOOLS AND ACADEMIES.

The first town-meeting voted $100 in produce for the
support of schools. Masters Hlisha Piper and James Hart
are still remembered by the oldest citizens as men whose
lives were spent in the first rough school-houses of Parsons-
field, and whose influence thus exerted has given to them
a reputation rarely excelled. Master Hart was elected town
clerk in 1795, and copied the town records from the first
books into their present form. From the sale of the min-
isterial and school lands a fund was created, one-half of the
interest of which goes to the support of schools; this amounts
to about $60 a year. To this amount the town has added
a town-tax of $1520, in 1878, making, together with the
State appropriations, $2448 for their support.

The schools are managed by Dominicus Ricker, J. F.
Dearborn, and Lorenzo Moulton, committee for 1879.

NORTH PARSONSFIELD SEMINARY.

The North Parsonsfield Seminary was established under
the auspices of the Free- Will Baptist Church in 1833. The
building was burned Sept. 21, 1854, and a new one erected
at North Parsonsfield in 1855. ‘he originators and chief
leaders in this enterprise were Elder John Buzzell and Dr.
Moses Sweat. Rev. Hosea Quimby was the first principal, _
with a salary of $400 a year. A fund was formed for its
support by its founders. This institution is under the
management of M. HE. Sweat, secretary, and Rev. F. F.
Millett, principal, and is well patronized by the surrounding
country.

Elder John Buzzell, the main founder of this academy,
was born in Barrington, N. H., Sept. 16, 1768, and
taught school in his younger days. He became a min-
ister of the Free-Will Baptist Church, and was first settled
at Middleton, N.H., in 1792. He was settled at Parsons-
field, April 4, 1798, and remained until his death, in 1864,

| in the ninety-sixth year of his age, when he united with

the Free-Will Baptists; the whole body of members num-
bered but 101, including himself. He published the first
two volumes of religious magazines published by the denomi-
nation; was editor of the Morning Star for seven years
from the time of its starting; published the first hymn-
book for the denomination; was president of the Foreign
Mission Society for several years, and has done much for
the upbuilding of the cause of religion, and of the church
of which he was a member.

Dr. Moses Sweat was born in Portland in 1789; went
with his father into the country when he was twelve years
of age; commenced the study of medicine with Dr. James
W. Bradbury, of Parsonsficld; completed his course under
the celebrated surgeon and anatomist, Alexander Ramsey,
a Scotchman, who lectured in different parts of New Eng-
land; and graduated at the medical school at Brunswick,
where Ramsey was demonstrator of anatomy. He com-
menced practice in Parsonsfield in 1810, and continued
until his death, in August, 1865. He was the leading
surgeon in this part of the State, and one of the most
skillful in New England. He served in hoth houses of the
Legislature several years; was one of the Governor's Council ;
trustee of the Maine Hospital; and took a prominent interest
in the education of the youth of his town.
330

HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

PROFESSIONAL.
LAWYERS.

Hon. Rufus McIntyre was born in York, Dee. 19, 1784.
He graduated at Dartmouth College in 1809, read law with
Hon. John Holmes, of Alfred, and was admitted to the
York County bar in October, 1812. He took an active
part in the war of 1812, on the close of which he located
in Parsonsfield. Mr. McIntyre was a member of the con-
stitutional convention of the State of Maine, first repre-
sentative in the Legislature from Parsonsfield, county at-
torney, member of Congress for four terms, commencing
December, 1827, and on retiring from Congress was again
elected to the State Legislature. He was land-agent
under Governor Fairfield at the time of the “ Madawaska
War ;” marshal of Maine under President Polk, and sur-
veyor of customs under President Pierce. He died at
Parsonsfield, April 26, 1866. i

Hon. James W. Bradbury, son of Dr. James Bradbury,
graduated at Bowdoin in 1825, read law with Judge Shep-
ley, Rufus McIntyre, and William C. Allen, and was
admitted to the bar in 1830. He afterwards located in
Augusta, and became distinguished as a senator of the
United States for a term ending March 4, 1853.

Hon. L. De M. Sweat, of Portland, a son of Dr. Moses
Sweat, was born in May, 1818, graduated at Bowdoin in
1837, and at the Cambridge law-school in 1839, during
which year he was admitted to the bar. He removed to
Portland in 1841, where he afterwards became distinguished
in public life.

William B. Wedgwood, LL.D., M.M., a descendant of
Lot Wedgwood, one of the first settlers, and a native of the
town, graduated at the University of New York City, in
1836; was principal of the Dutchess County, N. Y.,
Academy in 1837 ; was made Master of Arts in 1839; was
admitted to the New York bar in 1841, and made professor
of the law-school of the University of New York City in
1858. He was made Doctor of Laws of Rutgers College,
N. J., in 1860, and elected vice-chancellor of the National
University at Washington, D. C., in 1870.

Hon. Zenas P. Wentworth, a native of Parsonsfield,
graduated at Waterville College in 1836, entered the prac-
tice of law, and removed to Houlton, Me., where he was
made county attorney, judge of probate, and died in 1864.

Robert T. Blaizo, Esq., was a member of the bar for
many years.

PHYSICIANS.

James Bradbury, M.D., a native of York County, was a
prominent physician and member of the State Medical So-
ciety of Massachusetts. He began the practice of medi-
cine in Parsonsfield previous to the year 1708, and
continued a prominent citizen and leading physician until
his death, in 1844.

Moses Sweat, M.D., was born in Portland in 1789, and
moved to Phssonsfield with his father in 1801. He com-
menced the study of medicine with Dr. Bradbury, and
completed his course under the celebrated Scotch surgeon
and anatomist, Alexander Ramsey, at the Brunswick Med-
ical School, after which he commenced practice at Parsons-
field, where he remained until his death, August, 1865.

!

 

Dr. Sweat became distinguished in his profession, served
several terms in the Legislature and Senate, and was ap-
pointed a member of the Governor’s Council.

John B. Sweat, M.D., a son of Dr. Moses Sweat, died
in 1856. Although young in the profession, he had won
a reputation which promised well for the future.

Moses B. Sweat, M.D., another son, graduated at Bruns-
wick, and commenced practice at Limington Corners, where
he remained twenty years, removing to North Parsonsfield
in 1862, where he still continues (1880) in active practice.

PROMINENT MEN.

Thomas Parsons, one of the original proprietors, was a
man of uncommon business ability, and prominent in all
public affairs of his town.

Capt. Luther Sanborn was for many years a prominent
business man of the town, and served in both houses of the
Legislature.

Hon. Alvah Doe, a descendant of one of the first settlers,
has held many offices of trust with ability, and served in
both branches of the State Legislature.

Among the leading men of the present time are Hon.
John Brackett, Ivory Fenderson, Wm. E. Moulton, Joseph
8S. Dearborn, Jno. Devereaux, Eben Foss, Rev. L. T. Staples.

REPRESENTATIVES TO THE GENERAL COURT.

David Marston, 1806-8; Noah Weeks, 1809; James
Bradbury, Simon Marston, 1810-12.

Rufus McIntyre was elected in 1820, but resigned his
seat before the house met.

MILITIA.

At a meeting to organize the militia, held Nov. 5, 1789,
Joseph Parsons was chosen Captain ; James Morrison, First
Lieutenant; and Samuel Longee, Second Lieutenant. So
much feeling was displayed at this election that the opposi-
tion procured a division of the town and the organization of
two companies of foot. The new, or south district, elected
Thomas Parsons, Esq., Captain; James Marston, Lieuten-
ant; and Joseph Pease, Ensign. The north district then
elected Jonathan Kimman, Captain ; Samuel Longee, First
Lieutenant; and David Hobbs, Ensign. Capt. Kimman
was colonel of the regiment, and David Hobbs was captain,
in 1792. Joseph Granville and Paul Burnham were cap-
tains in 1799. Joseph Parsons was colonel in 1815, and
James Thomas in 1823. Those who were drafted in 1812-
14 were paid $14 per month by the town, including their
pay from the government. The town stock of ammunition
was increased in 1790 by an outlay of $150. This was
always kept in the town-house loft, where, on subsequent
annual election-days, the boys climbed up and secured each
a few musket-balls for pocket-pieces until the supply was
exhausted. Companies C, D, and E of the 2d Regiment
were officered by Capts. Samuel R. Lord, George W. Bick-
ford, and Harvey Moore, Jr.

WAR OF 1812.

Captain—afterwards Hon.—Rufus McIntire recruited a
company in York County, and was commissioned captain in
the regular army. He marched with his company to the
 

Photo, by Conant, Portland.

of @ eee ae

SAMUEL G. DEARBORN, son of John and Sally
Dearborn, was born in Parsonsfield Feb. 4, 1830.
The other children’s names are: Ruth B., born Aug.
2, 1827; Jeremiah W., born Noy. 2, 1832; Elisha
W., born Nov. 15, 1837; and Eveline, born Nov.
8, 1839.

Samuel G. Dearborn occupies the old homestead
where his father was born in 1801, and where he
died in 1877.

His grandfather, Gen. Dearborn, first settled on
the farm in 1792; erected a dwelling, a portion of
which is standing in 1880. The subject of this
common-school education
In

1875 he was elected selectman of his town, and

notice received a fair

during his boyhood, and has followed farming.

discharged the duties of the office satisfactorily to
his constituents. He is known as a man of strict

integrity in all his business relations.
 

CHURCHILL.

pD. D.

WM.
TOWN OF PARSONSFIELD.

331

 

northern frontier, was at Plattsburgh under Gen. Macomb,
and remained with the army until the close of the war.

PATRONS OF HUSBANDRY.

Elmwood Grange was organized April 10, 1875, by C.
H. Cobb, of Poland, Me., with the following officers: Otis
B. Churchill, M.; Elisha B. Wadleigh, O.; Sherman EH.
Piper, L.; John H. Chapman, 8.; Robert Merrill, A. S.;
Mark Chapman, C.; Nehemiah 'T. Libby, Treas. ; Charles
T. Wentworth, Sec.; George R. Young, G. R.; Mrs. Susan
E. Churchill, C.; Mrs. Mary E. Chapman, P.; Mrs. Isaiah
EK. Merrill, F.; Mrs. 8. C. Merrill, L. A. S. The same
were duly installed May 7, 1875, by C. H. Cobb.

 

BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH.

MAJOR THOMAS CHURCHILL,

son of Ichabod Churchill—who was born June 21, 1764,
and died Sept. 15, 1855, in the town of Parsonsfield—was
horn Jan. 20,1798, and died Oct. 16,1878.
was spent at home.

His minority
His opportunities for an education

       
   
         
    
        

  

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were confined to the common school. In 1830 he married
Miss Mary E. Banks, of Parsonsfield. Of this union were
born six children: Thomas §., born May 6, 1831; Otis
B., born Nov. 5, 1832; John C., born Dee. 11, 1834;
Reliance B., born Feb. 12, 1837; Nathaniel H., born May
8, 1839; and Lydia F., born March 15, 1851.

Thomas S. Churchill married Mary A. Dixon, formerly
of Lebanon, but at the time of the marriage of Parsonsfield.
Their children are iva, born Dec. 19, 1856; Wm. D. D.,
born Sept. 6, 1858 ; Thomas G., born Nov. 20, 1863, died
Nov. 13, 1878. His wife died Dec. 30, 1878.

Otis B. Churchill married, Jan. 2, 1861, Susan E.,
daughter of James and Sally Woodman, of New Hamp-
shire. Their two children are Charley B., born June 2,
1863, and Sarah May, born June 14,1868. Mr. Churchill
has filled the office of town clerk for several years, select-
man for four years, since 1875, and is in trade with his
brother, John C., in the tannery and lIcather business in
New Hampshire.

The family of Churchill is Democratic in politics, and
members of the Free-Will Baptist Church. They were
among the early settlers of Parsonsfield, have always been
known for their integrity in all relations of life, and are
representative among the agriculturists of York County.

             

   
  

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Photos. by Conant, Portland

MRS: C. O. NUTE.

C. O. Nurs, son of Jesse and Hannah G. (Goldsmith)
Nute, natives of New Hampshire, was born in Wolfborough,
that State, Aug. 8, 1831, where he lived until he was four-
teen years of age, when he removed to Parsonsfield with
his mother, who had married John Pray, June 2, 1845.
He received a good common-school education, and served
an apprenticeship to the shoemaker’s trade, which he fol-
lowed successfully, employing a number of hands, until Nov.
1, 1866, when he commenced the manufacture of ready-

made clothing, which, with farming, has engaged his atten-
He was postmaster from May 7,
He

tion to the present time.
1870, to Jan. 1, 1874, when he resigned the office.
was also collector in 1878, and town treasurer in 1879.

Dee. 10, 1854, he married Sally F. Weeks, daughter of
Samuel Weeks. She was born June +, 1835. Two chil-
dren have been born to them, viz.: John A., born Aug. 6,
1857, and Charles L., born Oct. 5,1863. Mrs. Nute died
March 2, 1878.
LIMERICK.

 

GENERAL DESCRIPTION.

THE town of Limerick is the central one of the five
original Ossipee towns north of the Little Ossipee River.
It is irregular in outline, and covers an area of about
twenty-four square miles, or 15,360 acres. It is bounded
on the north by Cornish and Limington, on the east by
Limington, on the south by Waterborough and Newfield,
and on the west by Newfield and Parsonsfield. Though
less than six miles in width, it has nearly ten miles of its
southern boundary defined by the course of the Little
Ossipee River.

The surface is uneven and hilly, rising to its highest
point in Strouts Mountain, in the northeast corner, near
the Limington line. Brown’s and Cobb’s Brooks, the
principal streams, flow in a southeasterly course across the
town, and empty into the Little Ossipee. Holland Pond, on
Brown’s Brook, is a double pond, a mile and a quarter in
length by half a mile in width, joined by a narrow channel
near its centre. Half a mile to the east is a second pond
bearing the same description, but covering only about two-
thirds the area. These, like most of the ponds in the north
of the country, trend east of south, conforming to the course
of the ancient glaciers. Many of the hills are composed of
ledges of coarse granite, traversed by large irregular veins of
quartz and feldspar intermixed with schorl. Reddish-brown
quartz and blue granite are also to be found in the ledges.

The soil is good, producing the staples of corn, oats,
wheat, hay, and potatoes in abundance. The highlands
are more generally tilled, while the lower land in the val-
leys is better adapted to the production of hay and grass,
Apples, grapes, and cranberries are successfully raised,
apples being a leading product.

There are railroads on three sides of the town,—the
Portland and Ogdensburg on the east; the Portland and
Rochester on the south ; and the Portsmouth and Conway
on the west. The nearest railroad station is about ten
miles distant from Limerick village.

THE INDIANS.

The Sokokis Indians, who inhabited the country drained
by the Saco River, had their favorite hunting-grounds upon
its western shores. The main trail from the dwelling of their
great chief on Factory Island, in Saco, to their principal
village at Pequawket, now Fryeburgh, in Oxford County,
passed through the eastern part of the town, and entered
Cornish near the base of Wescott’s Hill. This route was
improved for the use of the early white settlers, and was
long known by the name of the “Old Pequawket Trail.”
The land between the Ossipee Rivers was famous for its
abundant supply of game, and was tenanted by venture-

some hunters long before any permanent settlement was
332

 

made. Some Indian implements and curiosities have been
found upon the more frequented points.

The Indians formally relinquished their title through a
deed made Nov. 28, 1668, wherein Captain Sunday, the
sagamore, conveyed to Francis Small, the trader at Kittery,
all the lands between the Great and Little Ossipee Rivers,
lying between the Saco River on the east and the New
Hampshire line, and since known as “The Five Ossipee
Towns.” For this large tract, supposed to be twenty miles
square, the sagamore received two blankets, two gallons of
rum, two pounds of powder, four pounds of musket-balls,
and twenty strings of beads.

LAND TITLES.

Francis Small, the original proprietor, neglected to get
his deed recorded, but sold to Maj. Nicholas Shapleigh, of
Kittery, an interest in his title, previous to April 30,1711,
at which date he transferred his remaining interest to his
son, Samuel Small. There is much doubt whether any great
value was attached to either of these titles at the time, ex-
cept as mere trading stock. The title having acquired value
through confirmation of similar ones, the original deed from
the sagamore, which was discovered among the papers of
Francis Small by his descendants, in 1770, was recorded,
and the heirs of Small and Shapleigh took formal posses-
sion. On partition of the lands, under the subsequent
deeds, Aug. 5, 1771, the Shapleigh heirs were awarded Par-
sonsfield, Shapleigh, which was supposed to be included in
the grant, and half of Limerick. The remainder went to
the heirs of Small, for whom Joshua Small was business
manager. Shapleigh having been found to be outside the
limits of the grant, James Sullivan was offered the half of
Limerick if he would defend all claims against it. This he
did, bringing the case before the committee on eastern lands,
who reported in favor of the proprietors, Samuel Shapleigh
and forty-three others.

FIRST POSSESSION OF LIMERICK.
Mrs. Paulina Osborne, of Kennebunk, has in her keeping
a piece of lead (8 by 10 inches) which was found by her
former husband, George Ford, of Limerick, about thirty-
three years since, near the northern bank of Little Ossipee
river. It was imbedded about eighteen inches in the ground,
near a large pine stump. Upon one side are the following

names:
“T, GILPATRICK.

“B, Nason, J. Cole,
S. Wingate, J. Gilpatrick,
E. Allen, J. Morrill,
O. Emery, J. Sullivan,
E. Bradbury, W. Cole,
J. Stimpson, J. Staple.
B. Staple,

Anno 1772, May 15th.”
TOWN OF LIMERICK. 333

 

On the reverse side:

“Daniel Ridlon, olim animo possessidendi.
Witness: D. King,
J. Wingate,
Limbrick.”

Sullivan, whose name appears on this medal, was after-
wards Governor of Massachusetts, who, with his associates
above named, in this way indicated their ownership and
possession of the territory afterwards called Limerick. The
obverse side has a smoother, brighter surface than the other,
evidently having once been long exposed to the atmosphere.

SETTLEMENT.

The first settlement was made in Limerick, about 1775,
under James Sullivan, one of the proprietors, and after-
wards Governor of Massachusetts. He appears to have
entered vigorously upon the work of settling his half-town-
ship, for Rev. John Adams, of Newfield, found 12 families
in the plantation when he visited it in 1780. Part of them
were Irishmen from Limerick, the native home of Sulli-
van, and from them the place was known at that time as
“Limerick.” Other early settlers were from Saco, Bidde-
ford, Berwick, Kittery, York, Kennebunk, Scarborough,
and Newbury, Mass.

The first settler was Isaiah Foster, father of Ezekiel
Foster. He made the first clearing on the W. B. Bangs
place, two miles south of Limerick village, towards Stim-
son’s mill. John Wingate laid the town out, and had three
100-acre lots for his services. He settled on one of them,
the Capt. A. N. Bradbury place, in a range which contained
160 acres to each lot. His three lots were all selected in
this range. Thomas and Joseph Gilpatrick settled west of
Limerick village, near District No. 1 school-house. James
Perry settled in the northwest corner of the town, and
James Miles settled near, with his house in Limerick and
barn in Parsonsfield. Joseph Miles and George Perry
joined this settlement next. Abijah Felch settled first at
Felch’s Corner, and was joined by Jacob Bradbury; his old
cellar may still be seen in the field at the corner west and
south of the roads. Pennel Clark lived near the Perrys.
A Mr. Irish settled east of the south end of East Pond on
the knoll. These were the families visited by the Rev. Mr.
Adams in 1780.

Joseph Perkins, Jeremiah Allen, Benjamin Keene, Ed-
mund Hayes, William Boothby, and Benjamin and William
Durgin were also early settlers who came previous to 1790.

The first intention of marriage recorded was that of
James Miles and Sarah Pendexter, both of Limerick, July
22, 1782.

The first record of civil government in the town of
Limerick is contained in the following order:

“To John Perry, a principal inhabitant of the plantation of Lim-
erick, in the county of York, greeting. In observance of a precept
from the Honorable Henery gardner, Esq., treasurer of the State of
Massachusetts Bay, & Pursuant to an act or Law of said State made
and passed Anno Domini 1761, intitled an act for laying & collecting
tax in Plantations not in Corporated, you are hereby commanded in
the name of the government and people of the Massachusetts Bay,
New England, to Notify and Warn the in habitants of Said Planta-
tion chusing freeholders to assemble & meet at your Dwelling house
therein, on Monday, the 22 day of May Next, att ten of the clock in
the forenoon, in order to choose a moderator & clerk, and also asses-

 

sors and collector, for assessing and collecting all such tax as the gen-
eral assembly of said State has ordered to Be collected in said Planta-
tion, since the year 1775 to the 29th day of December last, the Day
of the Date of said Precept inclusive hereof; fail Not and make a
true return of this warrant with your Doings thereon to myself on or
Before the first day of June next. Given under my Hand and Seal at
Wells, in the County aforesaid, ye 28 Day of February, Anno Domini,
1780. Nathal. Wells, one of justice of pease of said county.

“N, B.—The assessors are to Be sworn Be fore the moderator. If
no meeting is warned the Person to whom the warrant is Directed
will Be obliged to Pay all the taxes; if the inhabitants Neglect after
being notified to Chuse assessors they are to Be appointed By the
court of general sessions of the Peace.”

Under this order a meeting was held; Capt. Jacob Brad-
bury chosen Moderator; John Wingate, Clerk; Thomas
Gilpatrick, John Wingate, and Isaiah Foster, Assessors ;
and John Hodgdon, Collector. The assessors were voted
‘four shillings a day each, which is equal to a bushel of
corn,” and the collector six pence a pound for collecting.
In June another meeting was held at Capt. Jacob Brad-
bury’s inn, and it was voted that John Hodgdon, the col-
lector, was authorized to levy only the taxes from 1775 to
1779. This burdensome tax was severely felt by the young
colony, and a hundred acres of good land was set aside to
fee a lawyer who could appear in their behalf and address
the General Court. A question as to “what tenor” the
law of 1761 required payment in was debated through the
settlement in hopes of a partial relief.

A meeting, held in April, 1781, to provide one good and
able-bodied man to serve in the Continental army for three
years, was adjourned twice, when finally the committee re-
ported a man engaged for ‘‘one hundred and fifty hard
dollars,” three months’ wages paid down, and six bushels of
Indian corn per month. Bonds were given by the planta-
tion for faithful payment. The soldier’s name was Israel
Jones. The next draft, in July, was for another soldier,
and “three hundred and eighty-two pounds of beef, exclu-
sive of hide, to be delivered on the hoof.”

April 17th, William Durgin was chosen Collector; Isaiah
Foster, William Durgin, John Perry, and James Perry,
Surveyors of Highways.

The first ballot recorded for Governor was in 1788, when
there were but eight votes cast. The town’s stock of pow-
der, ball, flints, and kettles was not completed until 1794.
A circular powder-house, 8 feet in diameter and 8 feet high,
was built of brick in 1817, and continued to be supplied
with ammunition until the repeal of the old militia law
and the abolition of the annual trainings, in which it went
off in noise and smoke. The usual custom of furnishing
rum upon the highways repairs was voted down in 1828.
Town elections were changed from the Congregationalist
meeting-house to Felch’s Hall in 1833, and a town-hall
was finished in the lower story of the Baptist meeting-house
in 1834. The present town-house was built, in 1860, by
C. F. Libby, of Portland, and C. Johnson, of Hollis, at
an expense of over $10,000. It is of brick, 40 by 60
feet, three stories high, and is occupied by Masonic and
Qdd-Fellows’ lodges and for town-hall and the town offices.
It is one of the finest town buildings in the county.

In 1814 the town called meetings to raise soldiers; ap-
propriated $600 to be used by the selectmen in the pur-
chase of arms and munitions of war.. Agents were ap-
334 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

pointed to superintend the collection of beef and bread for
the militia, and to receive donations of grain. Timothy
Meder was sent through the town to solicit donations of
cheese, butter, etc., for the use of the soldiers, who were to
march to the camps along the coast, and who were supplied
with three days’ rations on starting.

THE CAVE.

Among the places of interest pointed out to strangers is
the cave, or, as it is more commonly known, the Bear’s Den.
This is located among the granite fields in the east part of
the town, where James Staples, with five brothers, and Kd-
ward Staples, his father, settled near each other previous to
1800. It was formed by the fall of a large shelving rock
at the southern extremity of Strouts Mountain, which
projected about 50 feet from the ledge and had a breadth
of about 40 feet. The rock, from 3 to 4 feet thick, ap-
pears to have fallen from its own weight, and so broken in
its fall of 25 feet as to form a triangular passage at its base.
A large bear was once found here and killed; hence its
name. Mr. Staples, who had nine careless sons, used to
gather his tools in the fall and hide them in this cave over
winter, to keep them from being lost and destroyed. Half
a mile to the east a precipice of some 40 feet, beside an un-
frequented road, is surrounded by high hills, which give to
it a picturesque appearance. The wildest scenery in the
county is between this point and Limerick village.

INCORPORATION.

March 13, 1786, John Wingate, Abijah Felch, and Jo-
seph Gilpatrick were made a committee to make application
to the General Court for the incorporation of the town.
The act of incorporation was passed March 6, 1787. The
first election was held at the inn of Capt. Jacob Bradbury,
near Felch’s Corner, the usual place of election for some
years. April 2, 1787, Capt. Bradbury was chosen Mod-
erator; Abijah Felch, Town Clerk ; Capt. Jacob Bradbury,
Joseph Gilpatrick, Thomas Gilpatrick, Selectmen and As-
sessors; Amariah Lord, Treasurer; John Wingate, William
Hodgdon, Fence-Viewers; Amariah Lord, Joseph Gilpat-
rick, Josiah Foster, Surveyors of Highways; Asher Record,
Constable; John Furnald, Jeremiah Gilpatrick, John Hodg-
don, Tithingmen ; Corriel Staples and Thomas Lord, Hog-
Reeves.

Selectmen’s charges were made payable in corn at four
and rye at five shillings per bushel.

CIVIL LIST.
PLANTATION OFFICERS,

CierKks.—Jobhn Wingate, 1780; Thomas Gilpatrick, 1781; Benjamin
Johnson, 1782; Asher Record, 1783 ; Abijah Felch, 1784; Abijah
Felch, 1784-86.

AssEssors.—1780, Thomas Gilpatrick, John Wingate, Isaiah Foster;
1781, Joseph Gilpatrick, Jacob Bradbury, John Wingate; 1782-
83, Abijah Felch, Asher Record, Peter Cushing; 1784, Joseph
Gilpatrick, Thomas Gilpatrick, Capt. Jacob Bradbury; 1785-
86, Capt. Jacob Bradbury, Joseph Gilpatrick, Amariah Lord.

TOWN CLERKS.
Abijah Felch, 1787-92; John Morrill, 1793-1800; Abijah Felch,
1801-3; Jacob Mills, 1804; John Burnham, Esq., 1805; Dr.
William Swasey, 1806-30; William Swasey, Jr., 1831-34; Joseph

 

Howard, 1835-36 ; William T. Morris, 1837-39 ; Humphrey Pike,
1840; James Fogg, 1841-43 ; Edmund E. Sanborn, 1844 ; James
Fogg, 1845-46; Nahum McKusick (2d), 1847; Caleb B. Lord,
1848-49 ; Luther S. Moore, 1850; Winboin Adams, 1851-52;
John Carr, 1853-54; James Fogg, 1855-57 ; Isaac B. Bean, 1858 ;
Ira S. Libby, 1859-61; Horace H. Burbank, 1862; James H.
Brown, 1863; Ira 8. Libby, 1864; Frederick W. Libby, 1865-66 ;
Fred. W. Swasey, 1867-68 ; Lorenzo D. Durrell, 1869; Luther B.
Roberts, 1870; James H. Brown, 1871; Joshua Holland, Jr.,
1872; Elisha F. Severance, 1873; John C. Swasey, 1874-76;
Henry E. Eastman, 1877; Frederick W. Libby, 1878-79.

SELECTMEN.

1787.— Jacob Bradbury, Joseph Gilpatrick, Thomas Gilpatrick.
1788.—John Wingate, Benjamin Johnson, George Perry.
1789.—Abijah Felch, John Wingate, Joseph Gilpatrick.
1790.—Abijah Felch, John Wingate, Benjamin Johnson.
1791.—Benjamin Johnson, John Wingate, John Hodgdon, Jr.
1792.—Capt. John Bradbury, Lieut. Penuel Clark, Ensign James
Perry.
1793-94.—Benjamin Johnson, John Hodgdon, Jr., Penuel Clark.
1795.—Benjamin Johnson, John Morrill, Penuel Clark.
1796-97.—John Morrill, Thomas Gilpatrick, Penuel Clark,
1798.—Jobhn Morrill, Jacob Mills, Penuel Clark.
1799.—John Morrill, John Hayes, Capt. John Baker.
1800-1.—John Morrill, Penuel Clark, Daniel Felch.
1802.—Penuel Clark, Daniel Felch, Nathaniel Libby.
1803.—Penuel Clark, Daniel Felch, Edmund Hayes.
1804.—Capt. Daniel Feleh, Lieut. Edmund Hayes, Lieut. Nathaniel
Leavitt. _ ,
1805.—Capt. Daniel Felch, Penuel Clark, James Small.
1806.—Capt. Daniel Felch, Edmund Hayes, Jonathan Hill.
1807-8.—Penuel Clark, Simeon Barker, Edmund Hayes.
1809.—Penuel Clark, Simeon Barker, Jonathan Hill.
1810.—Edmund Hayes, Simon Fogg, Nathaniel Libby.
1811-12.—_Edmund Hayes, Simon Fogg, Jonathan Hill.
1813.—Edmund Hayes, Simon Fogg, Jeremiah Gilpatrick.
1814.—Jonathan Hill, Simon Fogg, Jeremiah Gilpatrick.
1815-17.—Edmund Hayes, Jeremiah Gilpatrick, Joseph Stimson.
1818.—Simon Fogg, Joseph Sedgley, James Stimpson.
1819-25.—Edmund Hayes, Simon Fogg, Jeremiah Gilpatrick.
1826.—Simon Fogg, Daniel Perry, John A. Morrill.
1827.—Simon Fogg, Daniel Perry, Ira Cole.
1828-29.—Daniel Perry, Simon Fogg, Ira Cole.
1830-31.—Benjamin Ilsley, Edmund Hayes, Charles Bean.
1832.—Benjamin Isley, Ira Cole, Amzi Libby.
1833.—Benjamin Isley, Amzi Libhy, Joseph H. Gilpatrick.
1834.—Benjamin Isley, Josiah C. Johnson, Joseph H. Gilpatrick.
1835.—Aumzi Libby, Henry Dole, Stephen Libby (2d).
1836.—Henry Dole, Stephen Libby (2d), Lot Wiggin.
1837.—Abner Burbank, Joseph H. Gilpatrick, Lot Wiggin.
1838.—Abner Burbank, Samuel Harper, David Watson.
1839.—Joseph H. Gilpatrick, Samucl Harper, Abner Burbank.
1840.—Peter Fogg, James Bradbury, Sylvanus Hayes.
1841.—Peter Fogg, Abner Burbank, Nahum MeKusick.
1842.—Peter Fogg, Abner Burbank, Cyrus Fogg.
1843.—Abner Burbank, Cyrus Fogg, Simon Walker.
1844.—Abner Burbank, Samuel Harper, Cotton Bean.
1845.—Peter Fogg, Joseph H. Gilpatrick, Simon Walker.
1846.—Peter Fogg, Joseph H. Gilpatrick, Cotton Bean.
1847.—Abner Burbank, Joseph H. Gilpatrick, Cotton Bean.
1848.—Peter Fogg, Hiram Hayes, Peter D. Morrill.
1849.—Peter Fogg, Hiram Hayes, Samuel Perry.
1850-51.—Abner Burbank, Hugh M. L. Morris, Joseph W. McKenney.
1852.—Joseph H. Gilpatrick, Aaron N. Bradbury, Horace C. John-
son.
1853.—Peter Fogg, Simeon S. Hasty, Philip Gilpatrick.
1854.—Abner Burbank, Simeon S. Hasty, Philip Gilpatrick.
1855.—Joseph H. Gilpatrick, Simeon Hasty, Abner A. Libby.
1856.—Joseph H. Gilpatrick, Abner A. Libby, Aaron N. Bradbury.
1857.—Peter Fogg, Simeon S. Hasty, Isaac Dyer.
1858.—Joseph H. Gilpatrick, John T. Fellows, Oliver S. Hasty.
1859.—Abner Burbank, Isaac Dyer, John Gray.
1860.—Abner Burbank, Isaac Dyer, Ebenezer Day.
1861.—Cyrus Fogg, Abner A. Libby, Ebenezer Day.
TOWN OF LIMERICK. 335

 

1862.—Joseph H. Gilpatrick, Simeon §. Hasty, Thurston P. Mc-
Kusick.

1863.—Cyrus Fogg, Abner A. Libby, William B. Bangs.

1864.—Abner A. Libby, William B. Bangs, Joseph W. Holland.

1865.—Joseph H. Gilpatrick, Philip Gilpatrick, Ira 8. Libby.

1866.—Ira 8. Libby, Luther Dole, John C. Hayes, Jr.

1867.—Luther Dole, John OC. Hayes, Jr., Ephraim Durgin.

1868.— Jeremiah M. Mason, Horace P. Green, Benjamin A. Sawtelle.

1869.—Ira 8. Libby, Asa Libby, Edwin Isley.

1870-71.—Cyrus Fogg, Isaac Dyer, Philip Gilpatrick.

1872.—Philip Gilpatrick, Joshua C. Lane, Simeon 8S. Hasty.

1873.—Joshua C. Lane, Winburn Adams, William B. Bangs.

1874.—Horace P. Green, James Perkins, George W. Meserve.

1875.—Edwin Ilsley, George W. Meserve, John M. Purinton.

1876-77.—Jeremiah M. Mason, James Perkins, Elkanah 8, Philpot.

1878,—Joshua C. Lane, Moses L. Cobb, Wentworth Lord.

1879.—Joshua C. Lane, Wentworth Lord, Leander B. Staples.

LIMERICK VILLAGE.

The village of Limerick is built upon the top of a high
ridge, in the centre of the town, at a point where a gap,
containing some 200 acres of quite level land, breaks
through the ridge, and is bounded to the north and south
by the high close hills, while to the east and west the view
is unobstructed for miles.

The place has been visited by two severe fires, destroying
a part of the business in 1879. The present business in-
terests are as follows:

General stores: J. H. Brown, established in 1866; W.
Adams & Son, established by Winburn Adams, former clerk
of Col. Morrill, in 1849; L. D. Durell, established in 1868 ;
Perkins & Libby, since 1879; established by Edwin R.
Perkins and A. M. Davis in 1878.

Groceries, furniture, flour, and produce: T. R. Swasey
& Sons, established in 1875.

Watches and jewelry: John P. Fogg, since 1876, for-
merly Bennett Pike.

Millinery and fancy goods: Mrs. J. P. Fogg, since 1876 ;
established in 1869; Miss Hmma R. Moore, since 1875.

Hardware: E. A. Sadler, since 1873; established by
M. A. Brackett in 1866.

Blacksmiths: F. E. Townsend, established in 1876; J.
G. Harmon, established in 1840.

Painter: Frederick W. Libby.

Custom shoes: Ira Clark, established in 1832; Isaac
Emery, established in 1834.

Physicians: Wm. Swasey, EH. F. Severance, 8. O. Clark.

Dentists: G. T. Merriman, established in 1879; D. R.
Smith, established in 1877.

Lawyers: Luther S. Moore, Frank M. Higgins.

Hotel: Limerick House, C. B. Hill; erected by Robt.
Cole in 1854, on the site of the old inn of Capt. J. Brad-
bury, where the early town elections were held.

Tannery: Eastman Bros., established by D. A. Hastman.
New engines and machinery added in 1870, giving it a
capacity of 600 hides per week.

Postmaster: William Cobb; mails daily by stage from
the railroad at Waterborough Centre and Hast Parsonsfield.

Auctioneer and land-surveyor: Abner Burbank.

The place.contains, besides the business houses, 76 dwel-
lings, 3 churches, and a fine brick town-hall building, 40 by
60 feet, and two and a half stories high, with two commo-
dious halls and office-rooms for the town officers.

 

HOLLANDVILLE,

at the outlet of Holland Pond, is a manufacturing hamlet,
containing two woolen-factories with their out-buildings,
saw-mill, and shovel-handle manufactory. This business,
which consists chiefly in the manufacture of blankets, was
established by the Limerick Manufacturing Company in
1846, became the property of Joshua Holland, Esq., in
1857, and was increased from 1100 to 2700 spindles in
1870, with a capacity of 250 blankets daily. A small
newspaper was established here, in 1877, by Wormwood
& Holland, and soon after moved to Cornish village. There
are 16 dwellings at this place.

WATER-POWERS.

Of the eight water-powers wholly within the limits of
the town, the most important is that at Holland Factory,
on Brown’s Brook, which has a natural fall of 12 feet in
84, and is surmounted by a 12-foot dam. This furnishes
power sufficient to carry 2300 spindles constantly during
the entire year. The stream is the outlet of three ponds
in Parsonsfield, covering an area of 1120 acres. Good
dams might be constructed at the outlet of either. One
of these, improved in 1856 by the erection of a mill, has
been a source of great profit to its owner, who has become
one of the heaviest tax-payers within the town.

At Bradbury’s Mill, eighty rods below, there is a fall of
2 feet in 8 rods, increased to 5 feet by a dam, and used by
a saw- and shingle-mill.

The old Foster mill-privilege, a mile below, has a fall of
5 feet in 20 rods. The stream is here about 35 feet wide,
inclosed by steep banks, and surrounded by an abund-
ance of good stone for building. A power on Folsom
Brook supports a grist-mill.

On Staple Brook, the old Jackson mill-privilege has a
fall of 11 feet in 12 rods. Durgin’s Mill is another power
on the same stream.

On Fogg Brook, the site of the old Fogg Mill is a fine
location, with steep banks, and abounding in good building-
stone. There is here a fall of 16 feet in about 80 rods.
The old dam had a head of 11 feet. A mile below is a
fall of 3 feet in 10 rods, formerly utilized by the saw-mill
of Cole & Gilpatrick.

There are, besides these, several lesser powers, and on
the Little Ossipee River, near the southeast corner of the
town, an unoccupied natural fall of 4 feet in 20 rods, flow-
ing between steep banks. At Stimpson’s Mills, three miles
above, a 2-foot fall in 20 rods is controlled by a dam of 7
feet head.

CHURCHES.

CONGREGATIONALIST CHURCH.

At the annual meeting, March 13, 1786, the plantation
voted $14 a month to be raised and paid to Mr. Abraham
Cummings for preaching the gospel three months in this
place, and that the plantation pay 8s. a week for one half
the expense of his board.

Fifteen pounds were also voted for preaching the next
summer. In a vote taken in 1788, it appeared that about
three-fifths of the town were in favor of a Congregational-
ist minister, and the remainder wanted a Baptist minister.
It was then agreed that Mr. Thomas Archibald continue to
336 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

preach in the town three days more. A half-acre of land
was bought of Carroll Staples, and a frame school-house
inclosed during the same year. One half of this land was
set aside for a burying-ground. The next year a town
pound of logs, forty feet square, was built upon this lot,
by Joseph Perkins, for 20% bushels of corn, equal to
$10.123. Abraham Cummings preached in the school-house
in 1786. In 1791, £30 were voted to be divided by the
selectmen among each society. Joseph Hodgdon, Joseph
Gilpatrick, and John Morrill were a committee for this
church. <A Congregationalist meeting-house was built in
1793, and the election was held in it in September of that
year, and the Baptist society released from all further con-
tribution for the support of this church and society. A fast
was ordered, and measures taken to at once settle a minis-
ter. Rev. Edmond Eastman became settled pastor on the
organization of the church, July 5, 1795, and received as
his settlement one lot of land,—number 7, range D,—close
to the village, which had been reserved by the proprietors
for that purpose, and £60 salary, with an annual increase
until £80 was reached. The land is now a part of Lim-
erick village. A committee was appointed to build him a
house. In 1812 the meeting-house was moved on the town-
lot, with the privilege of being used for town-meetings
while it stood on the lot. From 1812 to 1820 there was
no settled pastor, but the church was supplied with preach-
ing part of the time.

Jan. 19, 1820, Charles Freeman, a graduate of Bowdoin
College, was ordained and settled as pastor. He was a
scholarly man, of deep piety, and endeared himself to the
whole community. He continued pastor of the church till
his death, September, 1853. Three months previous to his
death, Rev. Albert Cole supplied the church as colleague
pastor.

Rey. Albert Cole was installed pastor in December, 1854.
Under this pastorate the church grew in numbers and in-
fluence. He resigned March 22, 1860.

Rey. Charles Packard was settled as pastor March 6,
1860, and was dismissed in October, 1864. May 1, 1865,
Rev. Philip Titcomb commenced to supply the church,
which he did till October, 1868. Rev. Thomas N. Lord
began to preach as supply in January, 1870, and is still a
resident supply.

BAPTIST CHURCH.

The Baptist residents of Limerick were awarded their
share of tax and preaching as early as 1788. In 1796,
Abijah Felch, Amariah Lord, and Jacob Mills were ap-
pointed a committee to lay out the Baptist society’s money
raised for the support of the gospel. This sum amounted
to $60. The Baptist Church in Limerick was formerly a
branch of the church in Parsonsfield, but through the efforts
of Elder Levi Chadbourne it was organized into an inde-
pendent church, Aug. 25, 1796, with 31 members. Eb-
enezer R. Kinsman was ordained as its first pastor, Oct.
12, 1796, and preached until May 14, 1807. During his
pastorate 42 were baptized and united with the church.
After his resignation he continued to preach to the church
part of the time for some years. From 1816 to 1827 was
a season of spiritual drought, during which time no records
were kept. The church had occasional preaching by dif-

the means of greatly strengthening the church.

 

ferent individuals. In 1827 or 1828, Elder W. Glover be-
came pastor, his connection with the church continuing
about three years. Fourteen were added to its membership
under his ministry. He was succeeded in 1831 by Elder
Joshua Roberts, who remained about four years, and was
Rev.
Noah Hooper and Elder Flanders followed. In 1840, Jo-
siah H. Tilton was licensed to preach by the church, and
afterwards ordained as pastor, which office he held for more
than three years, baptizing 26 into the fellowship of the
church. He was succeeded by Elders L. Pierson, J. Strong,
and LS. Tripp. In January, 1851, Jeremiah D. Tilton
was ordained, his pastorate continuing four years. Through
his efforts a new house of worship was erected. Ten were
added to the church by baptism. Rev. A. J. Nelson suc-
ceeded him in 1855-57. Henry A. Sawtelle followed,
being ordained in July, 1858. Twenty-five were added to
the church during his ministry of one year. He then re-
signed, having accepted an appointment to go as missionary
to China. In October, 1860, C. H. Carleton was ordained
as pastor, and filled the office two years. He was followed
by Rev. A. H. Estey in 1865, who held the pastorate about
three years. In January, 1870, Rev. Asa Perkins, Jr.,
became pastor. Fourteen united with the church during
his connection. Edward Burt became pastor in 1878.
Since its organization the deacons of the church have been
Jacob Mills, James Gould, Penuel Clark, Benjamin Isley,
Jeremiah Ilsley, and Ebenezer Day, the last named hold-
ing the office at the present time. There have been licensed
by the church as Christian ministers A. Felch, J. H. Til-
ton, H. M. Sawtelle, G. B. Isley, and A. A. Watson. Be-
sides these, the church has sent out as ministers of the
gospel Thomas Paul, Benjamin Paul, Jonathan Day, Ezra
Tomb, Atherton Clark, and Obed Walker. The number
of members at the present time is 62. Thus for a period
of more than seventy years, through scenes of alternating
light and shadow, the church has been a fountain of good
to the community and the world.

FREE-WILL BAPTIST CHURCH.

The Free-Will Baptist Church was organized in 1822,
with 30 members, among whom were Eben Day, Elisha
Ayer, Samuel P. Downing, Susannah Downing, and Rev.
Hlias Libby, who was made clerk and pastor, which offices
he held till 1835, when the church was reorganized.
Messrs. Downing and Day were made deacons. In 1831
Rev. A. R. Bradbury, a graduate of Bowdoin College, was
settled as pastor. Several evangelists, among them David
Marks, visited and preached in Limerick during its early
history. The successor of Elder Bradbury was William P.
Chase, who was pastor about four years. His pastorate
was marked by an extensive revival, during which 29 were
baptized and added to the church. Succeeding the min-
istry of Hlder Chase, there was a year with no stated
preaching. Elder David Manson was pastor two years.
Then followed Elder Keen and Rev. D. H. Lord. In
1848, Rev. James Rand succeeded Elder Lord with a pas-
torate of three years. Revs. Horace Wellington, Theodore
Stevens, and Almond Libby were succeeded by Rev. John
Chaney, who, during a pastorate of four years, baptized 35
TOWN OF LIMERICK. 337

,

 

persons. Elder Porter 8. Burbank became pastor in 1859 ;
S. N. Tufts in 1863. During his pastorate of four years
the meeting-house was rebuilt. M.A. Quimby succeeded
in 1867. Rev. EH. P. Ladd became settled pastor in 1869,
and died in 1873. Winifred S. Packard, C. Bean and
David Frost, John Willis, and, since 1879, J. M. Remick,
have been pastors.’

At the beginning of the temperance, missionary, Sunday-
school, and anti-slavery work in 1832, a division of senti-
ment occurred which, in 1835, reduced this church so
that it became necessary to reorganize, which was done
with only 6 members: Samuel Gilpatrick, Samuel Harper,
Simeon S. Hasty, Elisha Ayer, Nicholas Pierce, and John
Stover, who favored the new questions. Rev. Elias Libby
did not engage with either side, but held a following of his
own. His advanced age prevented any effective separate
action on his part. A meeting-house was built about 1837,
and in 1864 rebuilt, a bell added, and rededicated by Rev.
8S. N. Tufts. There are now 50 resident and 30 non-
resident members. Deacons, Thomas P. Miles, Sylvester
Furlong. Clerk, T. P. Miles.

THE FREE-WILL BAPTIST CHURCH IN LIMINGTON AND
LIMERICK.

As the result of a petition presented to the Second Free-
Will Baptist Church in Limington, July 6, 1844, by 35
members of that church living in the east part of the town,
now Limerick, a meeting was held at the meeting-house,
July 25th, and a separate church organized by Elder
Charles Bean and James Rand. This meeting-house had
been erected in Limington, by contribution, in 1827, and
was used previously by a branch of the First Livingston

Church. The land upon which it stands was a part of the

1500 acres transferred by that town to Limerick. Among
the members in 1844 were Deacon Ebenezer Cobb, whose
name is found in the history of the Limington churches
at a previous date; Cotton Bean, George W. and Cyrus
Meserve, Stephen Merrill, Jr., Phinehas Stone, Timothy
Brackett, Joseph Emery, George W. Cole, George and
John M. Staples. Timothy Brackett was first clerk, and
Ebenezer Cobb deacon. George W. Meserve has been clerk
since 1861. James Crowley was deacon until 1864. Ivory
Walker has been deacon since 1876. There are 24 mem-
bers. Charles F. Osborne was pastor from 1845 to 1850.
Deacon Cobb was licensed to preach in 1863, and continued
to preach until his death, Nov. 19, 1868. A good citizen
and fervent Christian, he succeeded as a deacon, and was
an able speaker, but the dignity of his new position cost
him much of his former blunt frankness and somewhat
detracted from his customary influence. He died highly
respected. John Lord was licensed in 1875, and preached
here in 1876-77. The pulpit has otherwise been supplied
transiently by various ministers, and is now vacant.

BURYING-GROUNDS.

In the west part of the village, on Elm Street, an old
burying-ground, overgrown with weeds and seedling apple-
trees, contains the graves of Joseph Gilpatrick,* Esq., Jo-

 

* Unmarked. He was killed by falling timber while taking down
an old barn of Parson Eastman’s, in 1799,

43

 

siah Baker, Esq., who died in 1811, and John Morrill, Esq.,
who died in 1838, aged ninety-one, together with members
of their families.

Upon the southern hill, beside the Baptist church, is the
old village burying-ground. Here, overlooking the beauti-
ful valley to the east, the early settlers fixed the final rest-
ing-place for themselves and their descendants. Among
the white marble slabs and beautiful monuments are a few
ancient slates, cut with rigid curves and angles, and bearing
names endeared to nearly every family within the town by
family ties. Among those most known as pioneers and
leaders buried here are Maj. Simon Fogg, died 1853, aged
seventy-six; Deacons Abner Libby and Henry Dole; Elder
Elias Libby; Rev. Samuel Burbank, Rev. Richard Emery,
Rev. Zachariah Jordan, Rev. William H. Nevins, and
Rev. Charles Freeman; Capt. Nathaniel Leavitt, an officer
of the Revolution; Capts. Ezra Morris, Benjamin Gilpat-
rick, and Jeremiah Gilpatrick ; Maj.-Gen. John McDonald,
who died. in 1826, aged fifty-three; Abijah Felch, one of
the first settlers; Samuel Bradbury, Michael Hayes, Cotton
Bean, Daniel Lord, and many others equally prominent
and respected.

SCHOOLS AND ACADEMIES.

The first record of schools was the appropriation of £12
for their support in 1789, and the division of the town into
four classes was not effected until 1796, when the money
was divided among them equally. The one school was pre-
viously moved from place to place, at the discretion of the
selectmen, so as to equally accommodate all.

The appropriations have increased from $100 in 1798 to
$200 in 1802, $700 in nine districts in 1819, and $1530
in 1870, with a property of $3125 in eleven school districts,
and one graded school.

The high school was conducted in the town-hall in 1875,
76, ‘IT, and ’78, by Jeremiah M. Hill, A.B., and was
suspended for want of aid from the town in 1879.

Supervisors of schools, 1879: John C. Hayes, Rev. Asa
Perkins, Erastus Perry.

THE LIMERICK ACADEMY

was granted a charter by the State of Massachusetts in
1808. The building was erected by private contributions,
and the institution went into operation in 1810. The State
of Massachusetts granted the institution an endowment of
one-half a township of land, which was afterwards sold, and
the proceeds applied to the benefit of the institution. The
township granted the academy is now known as New Lim-
erick. The first academy building burned down April,
1851. It was rebuilt, and continued prosperous till De-
cember, 1870, when it again burned, together with appa-
ratus and cabinets. The first time it burned it was not
insured; the second time it was insured. In 1868 the
State of Maine made an appropriation to the academy of
$3000. Three thousand five hundred dollars have been
raised by private subscriptions to rebuild the academy, and
an additional appropriation has been asked from the State.
The academy has been a fountain of good to the town and
community, and they cannot afford to be deprived of it.
The present assets are about $5000.
338 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

Many eminent men have resided in Limerick in con-
nection with the academy or in the practice of their pro-
fessions. Among others may be mentioned President
Smith, of Dartmouth College, and President Harris, of
Bowdoin.

*
PROMINENT MEN.

Among the eminent men of Limerick, and identified with
its earlier and later history, are the following:

Hon. James Sullivan, one of its first proprietors, a dis-
tinguished member of York bar, ten years resident in
Biddeford, in 1778 removing to Boston. He was subse-
quently attorney-general, judge of the Supreme Court, and
Governor. He died in Boston, Dec. 10, 1808, while Gov-
ernor. He was born in Berwick, April 22, 1744.

Gen. John McDonald, for many years a merchant, a
member of the Court of Sessions (now Court of County
Commissioners), State senator from 1820 to 1825, and
major-general of State militia. He died in 1826.

Joseph Perkins, who came from Wakefield, N. H., in
1788, and whose daughter Susannah was born April 1,
1777, married Daniel Johnson, and died in Limerick Nov.
22,1878, aged one hundred and one years, seven months,
and three weeks.

Maj. Thomas Gilpatrick and Joseph Gilpatrick, Esq.,
both of whom were of the original proprietors, and early
plantation and town officers, and long identified with church
and town interests.

Rev. Edmund Eastman, the first settled Congregational
minister, and pastor from 1795 to 1812. He was repre-
sentative to the General Court in 1812, and died in Decem-
ber of the same year.

Abijah Felch, Esq., town clerk, assessor, and treasurer
for many years, and representative to the General Court in
1813.

Deacon Edmund Hayes, for twenty years an assessor,
and who first represented the town in the Legislature after
the separation.

Rev. Charles Freeman, a graduate of Bowdoin College
in 1812, settled as Congregational minister from 1820, re-
taining the same pastoral charge for a third of a century.
He died in 1853, aged sixty years, beloved alike by church-
men and citizens.

Maj. Simon Fogg, town representative for the years
1825-28 and county commissioner in 1834-35.

Col. John A. Morrill, merchant for many years, sheriff
of York County in 1838 and ’41, and town representative
two years. His first wife was a daughter of Gen. John
MeDonald, and his second a daughter of Parson Eastman.
He died in October, 1868, aged seventy-five years.

Hon. Alpheus Felch, born in Limerick in 1806, educated
at the academy and at Bowdoin College, of class of 1827 ;
he practiced law in Michigan, and became prominent in
her politics, successively serving as State representative,
bank commissioner, auditor-general, judge of Supreme
Court, Governor, and United States senator from 1847 to
1853. He was a grandson of Abijah Felch, above named.

Dr. William Swasey, father and son. (See “ Physicians.”’)

Rev. Samuel Burbank, who came from Newfield to
Limerick in 1826 and became an editor of the Morning

 

Star, a religious paper published by the Free-Will Baptists
from that year until 1832 in Limerick, and since in Dover,
N.H. He was treasurer of the county from October, 1831,
to October, 1839.

Hon. Simeon Barker, merchant and postmaster, town
representative in 1837 and 1838, and State senator in
1839 and 1840.

Daniel Perry and John Sanborn, Esqs., merchants, town
officers, and representatives in Legislature. ‘The latter was
son-in-law of Parson Eastman.

Rev. Asa D. Smith and Rev. Samuel Harris, guondam
preceptors of Limerick Academy, and afterwards presidents
of Dartmouth and Bowdoin Colleges, respectively.

Hon. Abner Burbank, merchant, land-surveyor, and con-
veyancer, town representative in 1839 and 1840, selectman
and treasurer many years, and county commissioner from
1847 to 1851. Rev. Samuel B., aforementioned, Abner,
Rev. Porter S. Burbank, of Parsonsfield, and Hon. James
M. Burbank, late of Saco, now deceased, were sons of
Samuel Burbank, Esq., of Newfield, who with his father
Abner settled in Newfield in 1792, where he lived forty
years, many of which a leading citizen and officer.

Hon. Jeremiah M. Mason, merchant, town officer, and
representative, State senator in 1866 and 1867, and in the
Governor’s council in 1874-76.

Joshua Holland, woolen manufacturer, whose energy and
enterprise have given to the town the village called “ Hol-
landville.”

In this connection the reader is referred to the “ Law-
yers” of the town.

ASSOCIATIONS.

MASONS.

Freedom Lodge, No. 42, F. A. M., was chartered Jan.
14,1823. There were fifteen petitioners, by whom the lodge
was organized at Middle road or Dalton’s Corner, Par-
sonsfield. It was afterwards moved to Limerick, the centre
of its membership, and incorporated March 7,1856. The
charter members were John Longee, Jr., Ammi R. Lord,
Tobias Ricker, Moses Sweat, Israel Piper, Ira Chad-
bourne, William Hackett, John Parker, Thomas Bond,
Simon J. Whitten, John Colby, David W. Clark, Robert
Cole, Joseph Huckings, and Gamaliel E. Smith. The
present membership is 68.

The officers in 1879 were Edwin A. Sadler, W. M.;
Joshua Holland, Jr., 8. W.; Ebenezer Cobb, J. W.; Ira
8. Libby, Treas.; Fred. W. Libby, Sec. ; Jas. McGuennis,
S. D.; Antoine Sawyer, J. D.; Asa Perkins, Chaplain ;
Charles B. Hill, Tyler.

INDEPENDENT ORDER OF ODD-FELLOWS.

Highland Lodge, No. 48, was instituted Jan. 21, 1875.
The charter members were Ira 8. Libby, R. B. Billings,
Wm. W. Mason, Joseph Dudley, John B. Gilpatrick,
Joseph J. Chadbourne, Edwin A. Sadler, George H. Ricker,
Edwin Isley, Moses R. Brackett. The membership is 58.

The present officers are William W. Mason, N. G.; Ira
8. Libby, V. G.; Joshua Holland, Jr., Sec.; Edwin A.
Sadler, Treas.; Rev. Asa Perkins, Chaplain.
TOWN OF LIMERICK. 339

FRANKLIN LIBRARY ASSOCIATION

was organized in 1868, through the exertions of the
citizens of Limerick village, Wm. P. Fessenden, and Hon.
John Linch, M.C.; maintains a good library for its mem-
bers. First President, Horace H. Burbank ; Secretary and
Librarian, Mrs. 8. O. Clark.

PHYSICIANS.

Among the earlier physicians of Limerick were Dr.
James Paine, who was living here in 1793, and Drs. Porter
and Wm. Swasey previous to 1800. Dr. Abiel Hall lived
in Limerick village previous to 1816.

William Swasey, M.D., a native of Exeter, N. H.,
studied medicine with Dr. Fulsom, of Gorham, Me., and
located at Limerick as early as 1796, where he continued
in active practice until his death, Dec. 25, 1835, at the age
of fifty-eight years. He received an honorary degree from
Bowdoin College, and was a prominent citizen, serving as
town clerk for twenty-five years.

William Swasey, Jr., M.D., his son, graduated at Bruns-
wick Medical Institution in 1821, at the age of twenty-two,
and commenced practice with his father, succeeding to his
practice at his death.

James Foge, M.D., many years town clerk, died in his
carriage in 1861, aged sixty years.

Eben T. Severance, M.D., a native of Cornish, graduated
at Ann Arbor (Mich.) Medical University, at the age of
twenty-eight, in 1861; read medicine with Moses Sweat,
M.D., at North Parsonsfield, and at once commenced prac-
tice in Limerick. He now resides at Limerick village.

Samuel O. Clark, M.D., is a graduate of the College of
Physicians and Surgeons of New York City. He graduated
in 1853, and located in Limerick in 1866, where he still
enjoys a lucrative practice.

Three sons of Dr. Swasey, Jr., have become physicians :
William B. is in Cornish, Me.; George B., at Westminster,
Mass.; and Edward is in New York City.

The present lawyers are Luther 8. Moore, Frank M.
Higgins.

SOLDIERS OF THE REVOLUTION.

Rev. Edmond Eastman, Capt. Nathaniel Leavitt, Maj.
Thomas Gilpatrick.

COLONIAL AND MILITIA OFFICERS.

Col. Humphrey Duke, 1781; Capt. Jacob Bradbury,
Lieut. Penuel Clark, Ensign James Perry, 1790; Adj.
Nathaniel Libby, 1802; Maj.-Gen. John McDonald, 1823;
Col. Samuel Gilpatrick, 1833.

MEXICAN WAR.
Joseph Hayes.

 

BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH.

HON. ABNER BURBANK

was born in Newfield, Me., Dec. 27, 1805, and is a lineal
descendant of John Burbank, who “‘ was made a freeman
at Rowley, Mass., in 1640.” His grandfather, Abner, and

 

father, Samuel, settled in Newfield in 1792.
was a carpenter, and died in 1813,

The former

Samuel Burbank, born in Rowley in 1769, married Su-
sanna Graves (a native of Brentwood, N. H.) in 1791, which
union was fruitful of seven sons and six daughters. He was
town clerk of Newfield for eleven years, and one of the select-
men for fourteen years. His further occupation was that

of land-surveyor and school-teacher, being familiarly known

 

HE: (eo CA DE

as ‘‘ Master” Burbank. He died in September, 1832, aged
sixty-three years; and his widow survived him twenty
years, deceasing at the age of seventy-seven.

Abner, who stands just midway their family roll of thir-
teen children, had the privileges of the common school in
his native town, and somewhat of an academic education in
Limerick. After eight years of school-teaching and itine-
rant ware-vending, he became a citizen of Limerick in May,
1832, which connection has been continuous for forty-eight
years.

Having first served five years as clerk for William Hackett,
Esq., trader, Mr. Burbank opened a variety-store, which he
successfully kept for about five years, meanwhile represent-
ing his town in the Legislature of 1839 and 1840, and fill-
ing other town offices. He has been of the board of select-
men and assessors for fourteen years, ten of which as
chairman, and has also served the town as treasurer, col-
lector, and school committee, and in all these to the unani-
mous approval of his townsmen. Mr. Burbank was one of
the county commissioners for four years, ending Dee. 31,
1850. Asa well-known and competent land-surveyor his
services were in frequent requisition throughout the “ Qs-
sipee towns” for a half-century. He has held a commission
as justice of the peace since 1837, in which capacity, and
as referee too, he has determined many local suits and dis-
putes. What with these varied callings, and those of con-
veyancer, adviser in probate proceedings, and auctioneer,
340 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

his life has been an active one, conducive alike to health
and competence.

In 1837, Mr. Burbank married Eliza Adams, daughter
of Daniel and Sarah G. Harmon, of Limerick, and a direct
descendant of Joseph Gilpatrick, one of the original pro-
prietors of this town. Their children, all living, are as fol-
lows: Horace Harmon, a graduate of Bowdoin College, in
1860, who was in the war of 1861-65 for two years, and
one of these as captain (spending seven months in rebel
prisons) ; in the practice of law ten years in Limerick, and
since in Saco, representing the former town in the Legis-
lature in 1866, and filling other town offices; was register
of Probate Court, from January, 1869, to January, 1877;
county attorney in 1878, filling a vacancy ; judge-advocate-
general on Governor Connor’s staff three years ; city solicitor
of Saco two years. Albion, a graduate of Bowdoin, in class
of 1862, who was admitted to York bar in 1865, but, after
a brief experience, becoming averse to this profession, he
abandoned it for teaching; was principal of Limington
Academy one year; of Kennebunk High School five years,
and of high school at Exeter, N. H. (where he now resides),
about eight years. Sarah Augusta, a graduate of Maine
State Seminary in 1868, and an assistant instructor in Bid-

 

deford High School for ten years. Ida Ellen, educated at
Limerick Academy, and now the wife of Edwin R. Per-
kins, a merchant of Limerick; and Charles Edwin, a mem-
ber of the senior class in Bowdoin College.

Thus have their parents not only appreciated the desires
of the children for an education, but, as member of the
school board, and trustee of Limerick Academy (for twenty
years), Mr. Burbank has ever been an ardent friend of this
cause.

In politics he has always been a conservative Democrat.

Of his brothers meriting public mention are Rev. Samuel
Burbank (deceased), a Free-Will Baptist minister and an
original proprietor and editor of The Morning Star, for-
merly published in Limerick, and eight years treasurer of
York County; Rev. Porter S. Burbank, now residing in
Parsonsfield, also a Free-Will Baptist clergyman, of forty
years’ service in Maine and New Hampshire, and for many
years in the editorial corps of the Star ; and Hon. James
M. Burbank, late of Saco (deceased), four years sheriff of
this county, and who has been in both branches of the
Legislature.

The subject of our sketch, now in his seventy-fifth year,
still retains vigor of mind and body.

 

CORNISH.

 

GENERAL DESCRIPTION.

CoRNISH is one of the most northerly towns in York
County. It is bounded on the north by Hiram, in Oxford
County, and Baldwin, in Cumberland County; on the east
by Limington and Limerick, on the south by Limerick, and
on the west by Parsonsfield. The Ossipee and Saco Rivers
form its northern boundary. It is inclosed within a line
established in 1772, beginning at a stone monument on the
south bank of the Saco River, at the corner of Cornish and
Limington, and running south 366 rods; south 25° west, 766
rods ; south 66° 30’ west, 1040 rods; and north 6° 30’ east,
1920 rods to the Ossipee River, down the course of which
and the Saco River it reaches the starting-point at a dis-
tance of 400 rods. The area inclosed is variously esti-
mated at 10,388, 10,412, and 10,700 acres. The principal
streams are Little River, which rises in the southern part
of the town, and flowing northward empties into the Ossi-
pee; Barker’s Brook, which follows the eastern line and
empties into the Saco in Limington; and Brown’s Brook,
which forms the outlet of Shute’s Pond, a body of pure
water in the southern part, covering an area of about 80
acres; and Long Pond, in Parsonsfield, the eastern bound-
ary of the triangular part of the town commonly known
as “the Gore.” The soil is strong and productive, and
well adapted to the culture of fruits, wheat, corn, and
grains. Maple-groves supply sugar and syrup for home

 

use. A narrow belt of plain land, formerly covered with
pine, commences about a mile and a half west of the mouth
of Little River, and extends down the Saco to the eastern
line. Between these plains and the river are intervales of
light loam, producing good crops, when properly tilled. The
uplands are also productive, and are above the line of early
frosts. Granite abounds in ledges and bowlders in all parts
of the town, except upon the plains and intervales. That
upon Hosac and Trafton or Pease Mountains is of good
quality, and well adapted to building. A quarry was opened
on Hosac Mountain in 1875, but found too strongly im-
pregnated with iron for fine work. Limestone exists on
both sides of the central valley, at the foot of Wescott’s
and Trafton’s Mountains. Brittle gneiss, containing sul-
phur and iron, crops out in the ledges near the village.
Much of the soil is in part composed of disintegrated
granite.
TOPOGRAPHY.

The surface is irregular and broken. A valley extends
through the centre of the town from north to south, on
either side of which the hills rise into mountains and iso-
lated peaks. Between this valley and the Saco River, in the
northwest, Towle’s Hill commences to rise gradually from
the banks of the Ossipee, and attains an elevation of one
thousand feet or more. Its southern slope is steep and pre-
cipitous. South is Day’s Mountain, which is not so high,
TOWN OF CORNISH. 341

 

but is steep on its eastern slope, and rises abruptly from
the valley. Farther south, Wescott’s Hill, rising to about
the height of Towle’s, has a much larger base. Its south-
ern slope is of gradual descent, and a road passes over it
from north to south, between numerous well-tilled farms.
Through the whole southern parts of the town the surface
is broken into small rounded hills whose steep sides are cov-
ered with beech and maple groves.

The ascent is gradual on the east side of the main valley,
but attains an altitude of twelve hundred feet at Clark’s
Mountain, in the south. Trafton’s Mountain rises abruptly
from the valley to the height of probably fourteen hundred
feet. Hast of this is Cole’s Mountain, sixteen hundred feet
high. Separated from Trafton’s and Cole’s Mountains by
a narrow valley, a high ridge terminates at its eastern ex-
tremity in Hosac Mountain, which is about as high as
Cole’s. Northeast of Cole’s is Gray’s Mountain, a long
ridge of land one thousand feet high, running nearly north
and south on the east side of Little River, and sloping to
the valley of the Saco.

THE INDIAN OCCUPANTS.

When white men first visited this country it was found to
be occupied by the Sokokis, a tribe of Indians whose chief
dwelt on Indian, now Factory, Island, Saco. A large village
was located at the bend of the Saco River, in Fryeburg.
In Hiram, just across the river, at the mouth of the Ossi-
pee, a high bluff, the summit of which comprised about two
acres of nearly level land, was occupied by another village.
Years after, the circular spots of grass growing upon the
sites of their wigwams gave proof of its long occupancy.
Their chief stronghold was upon the south side of the river,
in what is now Cornish. After these Indians had seen the
stout stockades and block-houses of the white men, they
employed carpenters from Biddeford to construct one for
them, where they might defend themselves against the as-
saults of their enemies, the Mohawks, upon their favorite
hunting-grounds. The exact location of this fort, which
was built somewhere between the present village and the
mouth of the Ossipee, is unknown. It was strongly built
of timbers, with bastions, or flankers, and was fourteen feet
high.

This is thought to have been the place where Capt. John
Lovell left a part of his men, and his provisions, when on
one of his first expeditions against the Pequawket Indians, to
the northward, in the winter of 1725. The old Pequawket
trail crossed the Ossipee River at the ford near the present
village, a few rods below where the covered bridge now
stands, passed up the rising ground, and wound around the
northern and western sides of Trafton’s Mountain to Cole’s
Corner, then turned to the right and passed into Limerick
near the base of Wescott’s Hill. The old wagon-road fol-
lowed nearly the same route, and the cabins of early settlers
were built convenient for its use.

Many Indian implements have been found in the vicinity
of the old fort, and near Hosac Pond in the south, indica-
ting that the places were frequented, if not permanently
occupied, for many years. Mr. Joseph Harding, son of one
of the early settlers, became familiar with many interesting
facts relating to the first occupants.

 

TRANSFER OF TITLE.

The lands of Cornish, together with all that portion of
York County lying between the Great and Little Ossipee
Rivers, was bought of Captain Sunday, a celebrated Indian
sagamore of Newichawannock, by Francis Small, an Indian
trader of Kittery. The deed, which was made at Kittery,
Nov. 28, 1668, mentions, as the consideration, two large
English blankets, two gallons of rum, two pounds of pow-
der, four pounds of musket-balls, and twenty strings of In-
dian beads. This title, with all similar ones, was confirmed
by the commission appointed by the General Court of Mas-
sachusetts. Mr. Small sold an undivided interest to Maj.
Nicholas Shapleigh, of Kittery, and April 30, 1711, trans-
ferred his remaining interest to his son, Samuel Small.
The title appears to have been lost for a number of years
subsequent, as there is no record of any transfer or occupa-
tion of this tract, which was known as the Ossipee lands,
until the discovery of the original deed to Francis Small,
in 1770, when the descendants of Small and Shapleigh
took formal possession. A partition was effected Aug. 5,
1771, and Nov. 19, 1779, Joshua Small, of Ossipee,—now
Limington,—sold that part of his estate included in the
present town to Joseph Dow, of New Market, N. H., and
Benjamin Connor, of Newburyport, Mass., for £1980 cur-
rency.

OCCUPATION AND SETTLEMENT.

For many years before any white settlers penetrated this
part of the county, George Kezar, of Canterbury, N. H.,
attracted by the abundance of game, which had so long
made it a favorite resort of the Indians, had established his
hunting-camps in various parts of this section, and spent
his falls, winters, and springs here. The plantation was an
unbroken wilderness at the time of its survey, in 1772.
Tts hills and valleys were covered with a dense growth of
maple, beech, oak, birch, and hemlock forest, and nearly
every shrub common to this latitude, affording ample sus-
tenance for an abundant supply of game.

The plantation was given the name of Francisboro’, in
honor of Francis Small, the first proprietor. All the old
plantation records, as well as those of the town of Cornish,
were lost by the fire which destroyed the store of the town
clerk, Mr. John F. Jameson, in 1865. Henry Pendexter
is believed to have been the first settler. He located on a
little meadow half a mile from Trafton’s Pond, on its outlet.
The place, now the improved farm of Mr. G. W. Briar, is
surrounded by steep hill-sides, and was an admirable location
for a pioneer whose living was to come from the natural
supply of forest and stream.

James Holmes, Jr., was eight years old when his father,
James Holmes, moved from Scarborough to this town, and
settled on the flat between the two streams, east. As he
was born Aug. 30, 1766, this would fix the settlement of
James Holmes at 1774. Stephen Gilpatrick, of Hiram, a
descendant of John Gilpatrick, whose wife is a descendant
of Mr. Holmes, states that John Durgin came to Francis-
boro’ the same year. Joseph Wilson settled near. Robert,
Henry, and Asahel Cole, brothers, came from Biddeford in
1775. Henry and Asahel Cole, Charles Trafton, and Jo-
seph Wilson, who married sisters of Edward Hammond, all
settled near together.
342

They were soon followed by Charles Trafton, Robert
Cole, Aldrich Cole, John Chute, James Wormwood, who
settled between Hosac and Clark’s Mountains, and John
Gilpatrick and John Hodgdon, who also settled in the south
part of the town. Trafton’s and Cole’s Mountains take
their names from these early settlers. John Chute opened
the Haley farm. His cabin was burned soon after with his
two children.

In 1778, Timothy Barrows settled in the north part of
the town, and built his cabin on the old Pequawket trail,
a mile south of the Ossipee. Mrs. Betsey Barrows used to
relate that she was in the woods several months without
seeing a woman, and when she did, it was at a visit to friends
in Parsonsfield, where she went the next winter, travel-
ing on snow-shoes. John Gilpatrick and Mr. Hodgdon, who
were well-known hunters, discovered Mr. Barrows’ cabin
on one of their excursions, and on their return were in
high glee over their rare good luck in having found a
woman at the north. To Mrs. Betsey Barrows is awarded
the honor of having been the first preacher in the town.
Abraham Barrows settled a mile south of his brother
Timothy the same year. The lands on being cleared
were found remarkably productive. Pumpkins attained
such a size that the early settlers familiarly called the
plantation “ Pumpkintown.” Joshua Chadbourne, who
was an early settler on the Gore, continued to follow trap-
ping until disabled by old age. A Mr. Huff is well re-
membered by the old families as a successful hunter.
Joseph Seavey was an early settler, near Mr. Chadbourne,
on the Gore. Many others entered the town at the close
of the Revolution, increasing the population to 141 in
1790.

The early settlers were men of a hardy race, accustomed
to the dangers and privations of frontier and army life,
and most of them lived to an advanced age. Possessing
but little education, they were endowed with sound prac-
tical sense and good moral sentiments. In social character
they were hospitable, jovial, fond of society, and charitable
towards the suffering and needy. A plantation government
was established ; and religious meetings were early held at
the houses of different families. At the first plantation
election, held in the month of April at the house of Asahel
Cole, 13 men attended, all coming on snow-shoes. John
Durgin was the last plantation collector, in 1792-93.

The first grist-mill was built by Asahel Cole at the out-
let of Hosac Pond near his house. It had an overshot-
wheel. The stones were hauled from Saco by ox-teams.
Soon after a grist-mill was built west of Wescott’s Hill,
at the outlet of Long Pond, by Mr. Huff. About 1784,
Joseph Thompson built a mill near his house upon Little
River, but it was carried away by high water soon after.

In 1790 a saw-mill was erected on the same stream by
Mr. Cole and John Durgin, and a saw- and grist-mill was
erected on the Ossipee River, a quarter of a mile from its
mouth. A new saw-mill was erected on the site of the
Thompson Mill, and a grist-mill and machinery to card
wool and dress cloth were added. These were swept away
by the great flood in 1829.

About 1800, Andrew Sherburne left his farm between
Clark’s and Hosac Mountains and built a potash-factory,

 

HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

and opened a store upon the Rease road, two miles south
of Cornish village. A tannery was also erected here, and
the place became the business centre of the town. Simeon
Pease also opened a store, and in 1810 a post-office was
established. 'Town-meetings were held in the old meeting-
house on Brimstone Hill until the erection of the town-
house after 1820, half a mile farther south. Courts were
held by “ Esquire” Asahel Cole, and the militia met here
to draw their annual supply of powder and rum, and the
other requisites of a general training and muster. The
learned judge who came from the north on horseback to
attend court at Saco followed the old Pequawket trail, and
usually stopped over night with Mr. Cole, for whom he
procured an appointment as magistrate. Mrs. Cole, who
was a Hammons, and highly educated, furnished the neces-
sary literary talent and kept the esquire’s books and papers.
The old town-house was removed to the poor-farm by the
selectmen in 1872, and used as a store-room and barn.

INCORPORATION.

The plantation of Francisboro’ was incorporated as a
town, under the name of Cornish, Feb. 26, 1794.

The first election was held at the house of Asahel Cole,
near the centre of the town, in 1794.

Benjamin Clark, Jr., was elected Town Clerk; Andrew
Sherburne, Ebenezer Barker, William Chadbourne, Select-
men; Benjamin Clark, Treasurer; Thomas Barker, Col-
lector and Constable.

The amount committed to the collector to be collected
was £23 17s. 6d. The valuation of the town was £151
3s. 15d.

The following tax-list is a complete list of all the settlers
previous to 1794, except Joshua Chadbourne, who had
moved to Hiram; Joseph Seavey, who had removed; and
Joseph Wilson, who was so badly frozen during a severe
storm while on his way to Saco that he had died previous
to the making of the list:

Allen, Joseph.
Adams, Thomas.

Day, Nathaniel.
Day, William.

Barker, Ebenezer.
Barker, Simeon.
Barker, Nathaniel.
Barker, Thomas.
Barker, Ezra.

Bolon, John.
Boynton, Samuel.
Barrows, Timothy W.
Barrows, Abram.
Brown, Clement.
Cole, Obadiah.

Cole, Robert.

Cole, Asahel.

Cole, Henry.

Colton, Jobn.
Chadbourne, Humphrey.
Chadbourne, William.

Chadbourne, William, Jr.

Chadbourne, Levi.
Chadbourne, John.
Chick, Isaac.

Chick, Daniel.
Clark, Benjamin.
Clark, Benjamin, Jr.
Durgin, Jobn.
Davis, Josiah.

Day, William, Jr.
Day, Stephen.
Estes, Benjamin.
Estes, Richard.
Estes, Jonathan.
Eastman, Daniel.
Eastman, Obadiah.
Eastman, Ezekiel.
Eastman, Jacob.
Ellis, John.
Fessenden, William.
Gray, Joshua.
Gray, Daniel.
Gray, Isaac.

Gray, John.

Gray, George.
Gordon, Joseph.
Groffam, Unite.
Groffam, Theodore,
Gilpatrick, John,
Guptill, Daniel.
Holmes, James.
Holmes, James, Jr.
Hubbard, Heard.
Hebbard, Joseph.
Hammons, Edmund.
TOWN OF

CORNISH. 343

 

Hamilton, James.
Hart, Aaron,
Johnson, Simon.

Johnson, Thomas A.

Jewell, David.
Jewell, John.
Kennard, John.
Linscott, Isaac.
Linscott, Isaac, Jr.
Linscott, Noah.
Linscott, Joseph.
Long, John.

Lord, Ammi.
McKusick, John.
McKusick, Francis.
Merrifield, Samuel.
Mattox, Thomas.
Neal, Andrew.
Norris, Jonathan.
Norris, Isaiah,
Pendexter, Henry.
Pease, Stephen.
Pendexter, Edward.
Pendexter, Paul.
Pendexter, Thomas,
Pendexter, Eliab.
Perry, James.
Perry, Samuel.

Perry, Joseph.
Perkins, Daniel.
Pike, John.

Pike, Noah.

Pike, Bennett.
Sargent, Chase.
Smith, Theophilus,
Smith, David.
Sherburne, Andrew.
Sherburne, Samuel.
Sherburne, George.
Stone, Paul.

Storer, Benjamin.
Storer, William.
Storer, John.

Shute, John.
Thompson, Joseph M.
Thompson, Isaac.
Trafton, Charles.
Treadwell, Mastress.
Tiney, Richard.
Weymouth, James.
Wormwood, James.
Whitten, James.
Whitten, Richard.
Wales, John.
Weeks, Samuel.
Wilson, Joseph.

CIVIL LIST.

Owing to the entire destruction of town records previ-
ous to 1864, it is possible to furnish only a partial list of
selectmen and town clerks, after a long and laborious search
for papers bearing official signatures.

TOWN CLERKS.

Benjamin Clark, Jr., 1794 ; John F. Jameson, 1865; Roscoe G. Smith,
1866-67 ; David C. Pike, 1868-70; Winfield S. McKenney, 1871
-72; Roscoe G. Smith, 1873-74; Elihu Parker, 1875-77 ; Lorain
S. Boothby, 1878; Howard Brackett, 1879.

SELECTMEN AND ASSESSORS.

1794-95.—Andrew Sherburne, Ebenezer Barker, Wm. Chadbourne.
1796-97.—Andrew Sherburne, Thomas A. Johnson, Asahel Cole.
1798.—Cyrus Snell, Noah Jewett, John Ellis.

1799.—Andrew Sherburne, Wm. Chadbourne, Ebenezer Barker.
1800.—Ebenezer Barker, Thomas A. Johnson, Asahel Cole.
1801.—Ebenezer Barker, Cyrus Snell, William Chadbourne.
1802-3.—Ebenezer Barker, Cyrus Snell, Asahel Cole.
1804—5.—Ebenezer Barker, Cyrus Snell, Thomas A. Johnson.
1806.—Ebenezer Barker, Jonah Dunn, Thomas A. Johnson.
1807.—Ebenezer Barker, Asahel Cole, Simeon Pease.
1808.—Ebenezer Barker, Jonah Dunn, Isaac Morrell.
1809.—Jonah Dunn, Henry Cole, Isaac Morrell.

1810-12.—Enoch M. Barker, Isaac Morrell, Richard Cole.
1813.—Enoch M. Barker, Simeon Pease,
1814.—Thomas A. Johnson, Simeon Pease,
1815.—Thomas A. Johnson, Jonah Dunn, Simeon Pease.
1816-19.—Thomas A. Johnson, Simeon Pease, Benjamin Dunn.
1820.—Thomas A. Johnson, Eben. Barker, John Weeks.
1821.—Simeon Pease, Benjamin Dunn, John S. Wedgewood.
1822.—Simeon Pease, Matthias Weeks, Benjamin Thompson.
1823-24.—Benjamin Dunn, Simeon Pease, John 8. Wedgewood.
1825.—Richard Cole, Benjamin Thompson, John Wedgewood.
1826-43.—No record.

1844-45.—Hiram Remick, Ebenezer Barker, T. P. McKusick.
1846.—Ebenezer Barker, T. P. McKusick, Stephen Jewett.
1847-50.—Stephen Jewett, John Stone, William Hammons.
1851.—John Stone, William Hammons, Ebenezer Barker.
1852.—Stephen Jewett, Hiram Remick, Durrell Nason.
1853.—Durrell Nason, Ebenezer Barker, William Hammons,
1854,—Samuel Pendexter, Jr., Benjamin F. Pease, Oscar Lincoln.

 

 

 

1855.—William Pease, Horace A. Pike, Jamies Stone,

 

1856.—Samuel Pendexter, Joshua D. Small,
1857-58.—Horace A. Pike, N. W. Barker, James Stone.
1859.—Ivory B. Weeks, N. W. Barker, Edwin A. O’Brien.
1860-61.—William Parker, Benjamin F. Pease, Durrell Nason.
1862.—William Parker, Benjamin F. Pease, Rufus Allen.
1863.—E. A. O’Brien, Ammi Boynton, Rufus Allen.
1864-66.—Levi W. Stone, Ammi Boynton, Thompson Lincoln.
1867.—Samuel Poindexter, Ammi Boynton, Silas West.
1868.—Ivory B. Weeks, Horace A. Pike, Charles D. Morrill.
1869.—Horace A. Pike, Silas West, Ivory B. Weeks.
1870.—Reuben Small, Horace A. Pike, Benjamin F. Haley.
1871.—Benjamin F. Haley, Benjamin F. Pease, Joshua D. Small.
1872.—Isaiah Cheney, Eben Barker, Horace A. Pike.
1873.—William H. Warren, Eben Barker, Isaiah Cheney.
1874.—Charles D. Morrill, Preston Durgin, Horace A. Pike.
1875.—Charles D. Morrill, George H. Milliken, Noah Weeks.
1876.—Noah Weeks, John M. Pease, Horace A. Pike.
1877.—John M. Pease, Isaac M. Brackett, John Bradley.
1878.—J. B. Weeks, Eben. Barker, William H. Warren.
1879.—Eben. Barker, William F. Allen, Ivory B. Weeks.

CORNISH VILLAGE.

Cornish village is the only place in the town at which
there is a post-office, and is the largest village in northern
York County. It is finely located on a narrow bench of
land between the hills and the Saco River, which spreads
out into broader plains to the east and west. On the plain
to the west is one of the finest burying-grounds in the
county, abounding in statuary and fine sculptured memen-
toes of the dead. To the east the village overlooks the
pine grove occupying the ground where stood the Indians’
fort, built by the Biddeford carpenters a century and a
half ago.

Passing westward from the centre of the village, across
Little River bridge, past the old burying-ground, until
nearly to the last of the neat dwellings upon Kezar Street,
you will find on the right a little house with green blinds,
four doors from the corner. This is the old house of Jo-
seph M. Thompson, the first frame house built in the vil-
lage. It was moved from its building-place to make room
for the fine mansion of the late Dr. B. Thompson, and in
1879 repaired by the widow of Jacob Lord, who is its
present occupant.

In the centre of the village a beautiful little park has
been laid out at the confluence of three streets, and taste-
fully planted in trees and shrubbery. The buildings are of
a higher order, indicating taste and prosperity. Few towns
present a more inviting appearance to the stranger.

The first settlement in the village of Cornish was made
by Joseph M. Thompson, who erected a log house about
the year 1782, on the south side of the main street, near the
park, where now stands the law-office of Hon. Caleb R. Ayer.
He soon afterwards built a small frame house a few rods
south. Some years later, Isaac Thompson took up the
lot upon the river, joining, and also built a frame house.
For many years these were the only houses in the vicinity.
About 1817, Cotton Lincoln, father of Thomas Lincoln,
Esq., came from Gorham and built a store near Mr. Thomp-
son’s house, where he began to sell goods and deal in lum-
ber. This was a fine location for trade, and soon began to
be frequented by the few inhabitants of the surrounding
country. The post-office was moved up from the south.
Lands lying near were soon settled, and in 1832 a church
was built in the village. The church on the hill was
344 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

moved nearer, and another one built in the village in 1842.
In 1870 the village contained 80 dwellings, with a popula-
tion of 400; 6 stores and 18 manufactories of various
kinds; with an assessed valuation of $75,000. This had
increased by 1879 to 103 dwellings, 3 churches, school,
Odd-Fellows’ hall, chapel, a printing-office issuing a 28-col-
umn weekly paper, a telegraph-office, and the following
business and manufacturing houses.

Clothing manufactories: Danforth & Allen, established
by Danforth & Milliken in 1879 ; employs 5 to 8 operatives
in shop, and A. T. Danforth, custom tailor; Cole Brothers,
established in 1879, 6 to 10 operatives in shop; T. Brack-
ett & Son, established in 1862, 12 to 17 operatives in
shop; Milliken & Durgin, since 1878, established by A,
T. Danforth and G. H. Milliken in 1870, 10 to 15 opera-
tives in shop; W. H. & R. G. Warren, established 1878,
12 to 14 operatives in shop.

Furniture: J. B. Watson & Son, established by Watson
& Colby in Eagle Building in 1865; manufactures com-
plete work and supplies finishing-shops.

Lumber, staves, and shooks: Freeman Hatch, Eagle
Mills, steam- and water-power, erected 1875.

Carriages and sleighs: B. J. Stone, established 1854;
G. F. Merrill, established 1869; Humphrey Ayer, estab-
lished 1861.

Blacksmiths and carriage-ironers: Waterhouse & Ricker,
established by A. Ricker, 1849; F. Walker, established
1879; Lorenzo D. Stackpole, established 1854; 8. B.
Knight, established 1858.

Painters: Clark Watson, established 1875; George F,
Ryan, established 1859; E. H. Newbegin.

Flouring- and grist-mill: George Adams, since 1877;
erected by T. Lincoln previous to 1800.

Marble- and granite-works : Kincaid & Copp, since 1879 ;
established by G. W. Kincaid in 1854. Fine copies of
statuary have been executed by Mr. Kincaid, including
Hope, The Recording Angel, ete.

Harness: W. W. Thompson, established in 1874; R.
G. Knight.

Tailors: H. K. Allord; E. A. Gurney.

Barber: Frederick W. Knight.

Millinery and fancy goods: Smith & Warren, established
1879; Guptill & Hall, established 1876; Mrs. F. E.
Boothby & Co., established 1873; Miss Ida Danforth, es-
tablished 1877.

General stores: T. Brackett & Son, established 1862 ;
O’Brien & Marr, dry goods, groceries, iron, and steel, es-
tablished 1854; W. H. & R. G. Warren, since 1878, es-
tablished by Freeman Hatch in 1865; Jamison & Ayer,
established by John F. Jamison in 1868.

Grain and provisions: Pike & Boothby, established 1877.

Hardware: J. W. Partridge, established 1871.

Furniture: Freeman Hatch, established 1873.

Dry goods: Milliken & Durgin, ladies’ and gents’ ready-
made, also fine boots and shoes, established 1877; Ira C.
Otis, since 1878, established by O. E. Woodbury in 1871.

Drugs: R. Blake, established 1877; O. H. Pike, es-
tablished by Dr. W. B. Pike in 1860, and conducted since
his death in 1870 by his daughter.

Watches and jewelry: W. H. Nevers, established 1866.

 

Restaurant and confectionery: J. Damsell, established
1879.

Hotels: Park House, J. B. Sanborn, opened in 1877;
Cornish House, M. B. Davis, since 1875, erected by J. D.
Small in 1857.

Physicians: W. H. Smith; J. T. Wedgwood; W. B.
Swasey, established 1872; Joshua K. Bickford, dentist,
established 1878.

Lawyers: Ayer & Clifford, established by Caleb R. Ayer ;
George W. Goodsoe, established 1879.

A telegraph line was laid from the village to connect
with the Western Union Line at Baldwin, in Cumberland
Co., by R. Blake, as a proprietary line, with customary
privileges, in January, 1878. Mails are semi-daily, by
Baldwin and Freedom stage; W. H. Nevers, postmaster.

BURYING-GROUNDS.

Just across the Little River Bridge, to the west, almost
in the centre of the beautiful village of Cornish, a single
lot on Main Street, containing about a quarter of an acre,
has been fenced and left to the occupancy of the most
honored dead. On one side is a fine school-house ; on the
other, a neat hotel. Running parallel with the street a
grove of pines shuts out the view of the river; within this
inclosure a few shrubs are scattered among the marble
slabs, which tell who lies beneath. The inscription on one
reads: “John C. O’Brien, a Soldier of the Revolution
under the Immortal Washington. He was taken prisoner
at the battle of White Plains, and carried to West Point,
where he remained a prisoner ten months. He then re-
turned home, but soon enlisted again for three years, and
remained in the service until the declaration of peace.”

Capt. Joshua ©. Thompson rests here near Joseph M.
Thompson, the first settler of Cornish village. Joseph M.
Thompson was born at Hxeter, N. H., Nov. 12,1751; en-
listed in the patriot army, fought at Bunker Hill; and
after making Cornish one of the busiest places in northern
York County, died Nov. 18, 1840.

Dr. Ben Thompson, an early physician, and son of the
first settler, is buried here. Also, Humphrey Ayer, who
died in 1828, aged fifty-three; Jotham Johnson, Daniel
Philbrick, Royal Lincoln, and William Waterman, early
settlers, who died at advanced ages, previous to 1843.

On the hill where the old church rested for twelve years,
on its way to the village, a well-kept ground contains the
graves of three of its deacons,—Col. John Pike; Capt. Noah
Bennett, an early settler, who died in 1829; Capt. Joseph
Boynton, a soldier of the Revolution, who died in 1831,
aged seventy-six. Near him lies Lieut. George E. Eastman,
a soldier of the Rebellion, who died in 1865.

Rev. Timothy Remick, who died in 1850, at the age of
seventy-five years, was buried here among the oldest of his
people.

The new burying-ground, just outside the village, on the
western roads, is one of the most beautiful in the county,
and is a source of much pride to the citizens of the town,
who take great interest in improving and beautifying its
grounds. It contains many specimens of fine workman-
ship, and is the last resting-place of some of the most hon-
ored citizens of Cornish.
TOWN OF CORNISH. 345

 

CHURCHES.
BAPTIST CHURCH.

As soon as the early settlers had obtained comfortable
homes and the necessaries of life, they banded together for
the public good. There was no law or grant enforcing it,
yet public schools were established, and they met for public
worship at such places as could be obtained until they were
able to build achurch. Elders John and Levi Chadbourne,
ministers of the old Baptist Church, preached in Cornish as
early as 1798. Dr. Hezekiah Smith held meetings in old
Mr. Chadbourne’s log house before a church was organized.
Mrs. Betsey Barrows, the first woman in the north part of
the town, was an earnest preacher, and did much to advance
the cause of religion. The old meeting-house was built
upon the rock forming the highest point near Pease Cor-
ners, two miles south of the village, in 1803, and dedicated
in 1805. The place was given the name of “ Brimstone
Hill” soon after, from the sulphate of iron, with which the
decaying rock is filled, giving out a sulphurous odor in damp
weather. The building was taken down and moved part
way to the village in 1842, by J. M. Pease, committee, and
rededicated by Rev. John Hibbard. Elder Timothy Re-
mick, who was ordained pastor in 1805, continued to preach
until his death, Nov. 29, 1850. After a long life of min-
istry, in which he was honored by the respect of all classes
of people, he was buried beside the church. Rev. George
Knapp and Rev. Amariah Joy succeeded him. In 1857
the church was again moved and rededicated. Soon after
it became the property of the Congregationalist Church.
There is still maintained an organization of the old mem-
bers, only nine of whom are now living in the town. Mrs.
Hannah Small is acting clerk.

THE FIRST FREE-WILL BAPTIST CHURCH OF CORNISH

was formed by a council which met Sept. 20, 1842, at the
old town-house, then standing on the J. Pugsley farm, in
the valley, two miles south of Cornish village. There were
51 persons, all members of the First Church in Limington,
who united in forming this church, after an examination, in
which all were found to favor temperance, Sabbath-schools,
missions, and the abolition of slavery. Among the mem-
bers were Deacon William Merrill, James Merrill, Daniel
Pugsley, wife and daughters, Joseph Parker, Noah Mc-
Kusick, wife and daughter, Cephas Gray, Stephen Guptill,
wife and son, Obadiah T. Guptill, Rufus Allen and wife.
Obadiah T. Guptill was chosen clerk, and Rufus Allen,
deacon, to serve with Deacon Merrill, who had been ordained
deacon in the old church. Elder James Rand joined also
by letter from the First Church, and was the first pastor. In
1843 he was assisted by Elder Benjamin F. Manson, who
dedicated their meeting-house in the fall of that year. An
extensive revival, which continued through the year, in-
creased the number to 90 members, and resulted in forming
a second church in the north part of the town. Fifteen
took letters, June 5th, to join the new church. Benjamin
Haley, who was a prominent member for many years,
joined that year. Rev. James Rand, James Crowley, and
Thurston P. McKusick have been clerks. Present dea-
cons, Frost Guptill and Charles F. Ridlon, ordained 1869.
Benjamin F. Haley is clerk. There are 51 members, 17
44

 

of whom are non-residents. Among the pastors have been
Rev. Zachariah Jordan, Rev. John O. Hackett, 1847-48 ;
Rev. Geo. Whitney, Ira C. Guptill, licentiate, 1866; 0.8.
Hasty, 1869-75 ; Cyrus E. Brown, 1876-78 ; and Austin
M. Guptill, son of Deacon Frost Guptill, who was baptized
May 9, 1869, licensed to preach November, 1878, and be-
came pastor in charge in March, 1879.

THE FREE-WILL BAPTIST CHURCH OF CORNISH VILLAGE.

A meeting to organize this church was held at the village
school-house, June 5, 1843. After prayer by Rev. James
Rand and Rey. Benjamin 8. Manson, the following persons
signed the covenant and articles of faith, and were organ-
ized into a church by letter from the church in Limington :
Eli Barnes, Daniel Pugsley, wife, and three daughters, one
of whom was only eight years of age, Enoch Jewell, Sam-
uel Blake, Obadiah T. Guptill and wife, Berlinda Chick,
Lucinda and Mary A. Pugsley, Abigail Ellis, and Nathaniel
Pease, who was made clerk of the church. Daniel Pugsley
was made deacon, and filled that office until his death, in
March, 1877.

The meeting adjourned to meet the next day at Mr. Lit-
tlefield’s, in Hiram, where Isaac Storer and wife, Fanny
Lord, Mrs. Pease, Mrs. Jewell, and Mary Treadwell were
admitted by letter, and ten others by baptism. The church
was admitted to the Parsonsfield quarterly meeting at its
next session, and Eli Barnes licensed to preach. Rev.
Joseph Edgcomb became first settled pastor in August,
1843, and a meeting-house was built and occupied in De-
cember. The pastors have been Revs. A. Pease, 1845-46 ;
A. Nichols, 1847; Walter Clark, 1852-53; Henry F.
Snow, 1859-62; Moses H. Tarbox, 1865; Henry F.
Snow, 1867; M. W. Burlingame, 1870-72; supplied by
Bates College, 1874-75 ; Thomas Kennison, J. T. Blades,
1876; Wm. T. Smith, 1878; Henry F. Snow, 1878-79.

Franklin Pugsley is clerk and Joshua Durgin deacon ;
membership, 39.

METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH.

A class was formed by Rev. Samuel Barnes in 1800,
but it was dissolved, and in 1831 another class was formed
at the village by Rev. George D. Strout. A meeting-house
was commenced and finished in 1832. At this time David
Copeland and George T. Strout were the preachers on the
Cornish and Baldwin Circuit. Mr. Copeland was the first
minister appointed to Cornish. In 1837, Cornish became
a station, and Rev. Gorham Greeley was preacher. In
1843 the first house and lot were sold to the school district
and the present house erected. In 1847 and 1849 the
membership was 114.

SCHOOLS.

In 1794 there were six “ classes” or districts organized,
which were provided for by the following * pa etene
and appropriations for the ensuing year :

Class No. 1, Noah Barker, 14s. to be expended in hiring
a_ teacher ; Class No. 2, William Chadbourne, $8.43;
Class No. 3, Abraham Burrows, £1 2s. 9d.; Class No. 4,
James Wilson, £1 6s. 3d.; Class No. 5, Asahel Cole, £2
Qs. 3d.; Class No. 6, Chase Sawyer, £1 8s.
346 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

There were ten districts reported in 1870, and seven in
1878. The appropriation for 1868 was $1669, of which
$1102 was raised by town appropriation.

ASSOCIATIONS.
INDEPENDENT ORDER OF ODD-FELLOWS.

Ossipee Valley Lodge, No. 54, was instituted May 16,
1877, by M. W.G. M., 8. K. Dyer. The elective officers
for the term, 1877, were S. D. Wadsworth, N. G.; J. N.
Brackett, V. G.; Geo. Bragdon, R. S.; RB. G. Knight, P.
S.; Geo. H. Milliken, Treas.

The N. G. appointments were T. B. Cole, W.; J. M.
Smith, C.; G. A. Cole, R. 8.; J.C. Libby, L. S.; Wm.
H. Sanborn, R. 8. 8.; E. D. Boynton, L. 8. 8.; W. W.
Thompson, I. G.; D. C. Harding, O. G.; and Freeman
Hatch, Chaplain.

The elective officers in 1879 were J. N. Brackett, N.
G.; G. H. Milliken, V.G.; J. M. Haley, R. S.; R. G.
Knight, P. 8.; W. W. Thompson, Treas.

The N. G. appointments were T. B. Cole, W.; J. M.
Smith, C.; Fred. Meserve, R. S.; Eben Barker, L. S.; EB.
D. Boynton, R. 8. S.; Melvin Pearl, L. S. S.; W. D.
Wadsworth, I. G.; 0. C. Wadleigh, O. G.; Maj. Edge-
comb, Chaplain.

The V. G. appointments were Ervin W. Pike, R. 8. ;. E.
D. Boynton, Jr., L. S. Number of members in 1879, 69.

PATRONS OF HUSBANDRY.

Cornish Grange, No. 163, was organized May 1, 1875,
with B. F. Pease, Master; Chester D. Small, Overseer ;
Roscoe G. Smith, Sec.; G. W. Barker, Treas.; John
M. Pease, Chaplain; George W. Steward, Steward; John
W. Pike, Asst. Steward; Daniel Pugsley,-Gate-Keeper ;
Mrs. B. F. Pease, Ceres; Mrs. Roscoe G. Smith, Pomona.
A store was opened under the auspices of the grange, by
Benj. J. Stone, in Cornish village, in 1877, and is still in

operation.
PHYSICIANS.

Benj. Thompson, M.D., son of Joseph M. Thompson,
was born in 1792, died in 1874, after a long and honored

 

life as doctor of medicine and public honor among his
fellow-townsmen. John P. Briggs practiced medicine in
Cornish, in 1812.

John T. Wedgwood, M.D., a native of Parsonsfield,
graduated at Dartmouth (N. H.) Medical Institution, Aug.
1, 1861, and commenced practice in Limington in 1862,
removing to Cornish village in 1867, where he has since
been located.

William H. Smith, M.D., a graduate of Hanover, N. H.,
in 1865, located in Cornish in 1878.

William B. Swasey, M.D., a native of Limerick, grad-
uated at Bellevue Medical College, New York City, in
1866, at the age of twenty-three years, and located in Cor-
nish village in 1872.

LEADING CITIZENS.

Asahel Cole, one of the first settlers, took a prominent
part in the affairs of the town, and became a leader of the
community. He planted the first orchard, bringing the
first two trees from Kittery, upon his back.

Ebenezer Barker was for many years selectman of the
town. Hiram Remick was re-elected to the office of town
clerk for upwards of twenty-five years.

Among the present prominent men are Roscoe G. Smith,
Eben Barker, Benjamin F. Haley.

Hon. Caleb R. Ayer, lawyer, represented the county in
the State Senate in 1848, and was chosen president of that
body. In 1856 he was elected Secretary of State. He
filled both these positions with marked ability, reflecting
credit upon the town of which he had for so long a time
been a citizen.

George F. Clifford, a native of Newfield, was born Nov.
8, 1846; read law with Hon. Caleb R. Ayer; was admitted
to the bar of York County, Jan. 24, 1868, and immediately
entered practice as the law-partner of Mr. Ayer, under the
firm-name of Ayer & Clifford.

George W. Goodsoe, a native of Kittery, graduated at
Dartmouth, N. H., in 1873, and located at Cornish village
in April, 1879.
*

NEWFIELD.

 

DESCRIPTION AND BOUNDARIES.

THE town of Newfield lies for the most part to the north
of Little Ossipee River, and joins the western line of York
County. Itis bounded on the north by Parsousfield, on the
east by Limerick and Waterborough, on the south by Shap-
leigh and Acton, and on the west by Effingham, in Strafford
Co., N. H.

The surface is varied. Picket Mountain in the east rises
to the south of Newfield village, and extending two miles
to the south, culminates in its highest point near the Shap-
leigh line. This is much the highest land in the town.
Across the Little Ossipee to the west are plains, beyond
which beautiful ponds or lakelets border the more distant
and broken lands, dotted with neat farm-houses, and ex-
hibiting various signs of prosperity and improvement.
Other hills and ridges divide the shallow valleys through
which the main streams flow towards the southeast.

Silver, iron, lead, and gold exist. Limestone occurs in
different parts of the town. Prospect mining has been con-
ducted for silver on Bald Hill, near Adams’ Pond, since
1876, and a vein 16 inches in width opened, but owing to
want of capital it has not been developed.

Balch Pond, in the southwest, lies partly in New Hamp-
shire and partly in Newfield and Acton. Its outlet is Little
Ossipee River, which also receives the waters of Drew's
Pond, flowing through Adams’ Pond in the centre of the
town, and Turner Pond in the south. The river forms the
southern boundary of the original grant, passes through the
town at the western slope of Picket Mountain, and turning
east, forms part of the boundary between this town and
Limerick. Poverty Pond in the east corner, and Simms,
near Adams’ Pond, cover an area of about 200 acres each.

LAND TITLES.

The lands comprised in the original town of Newfield
were a part of a large tract lying between the Great Ossi-
pee and Little Ossipee Rivers, and “extending from the
river Nechewannock to Saco River,” conveyed by Capt.
Sunday, Indian sagamore, to Francis Small, of Kittery, in
consideration of two large blankets, two gallons of rum, two
pounds of powder, four pounds of musket-balls, and twenty
strings of beads. The land conveyed was supposed to be
equal to twenty miles square. The deed was dated Nov.
28, 1668, and signed by the Indians’ mark of a turtle. Mr.
Small sold an undivided interest to Maj. Nicholas Shapleigh,
of Kittery, and April 30, 1711, transferred the remainder
to his son. Samuel Small removed to Cape Cod, Mass.,
and died soon after. The original deed, which had never
been recorded, was discovered among his papers in 1770.
The heirs of Shapleigh and Small had it recorded.* The

* Book 42, p. 239, record of deeds for York County.

 

title was confirmed, and a partition was effected Aug. 5,
1771. The tract was run out by James Warren, surveyor,
and to the Small heirs were assigned all included between the
Ossipee Rivers, except Parsonsfield and half of Limerick,
the Shapleigh heirs receiving a supposed title to land in-
cluded in the original plantation of Shapleigh south of the
Little Ossipee.

April 9, 1778, the proprietors claiming and holding under
Samuel Small transferred to Elisha Ayert one-half of a
tract of land between Pearsontown and Little Ossipee River,
and Limerick line and New Hampshire line, upon condition
that he “lot the whole tract into one-hundred-acre lots, and
complete a check or plan of the same;” build a saw-mill,
clear two main roads through the tract, and settle twenty
families upon his half. A survey was made during the
year by John Wingate, and the number of acres found to
be 14,543. The claim of the Smalls was contested, but
finally confirmed.

That portion lying south of the Little Ossipee, and con-
taining from 600 to 800 acres, was taken from Shapleigh,
and annexed in June, 1844. The title to all these lands was
confirmed by the committee on Kastern Claims, under the
bill passed Oct. 30, 1782, and the tract became known as
Washington Plantation.

SETTLEMENT.

In June, 1777, Paul McDonald and Zebulon Libby
began clearing land upon the two northeast corner lots in
the town. Mr. McDonald has stated that Nathaniel Doe
was already on his farm when they began clearing. This
would make Mr. Doe the first settler in the town, although
it is not known how much earlier he came. The Doe
family occupied the only house in the southwest part of
the town for some years. It was near Davis’ Corner. Mr.
McDonald and Mr. Libby cleared sufficient land in 1777
to raise a crop of rye, which they planted, built a log
house for each, and returned to their homes in Scarborough
to spend the winter. The next year they returned with
their families. Mary, daughter of Zebulon Libby, was the
first white child born in the town. She married a Mr.
Milliken. A Mr. York settled upon the southeast side of
Dunnel’s Hill previous to 1780, but removed in 1785. A
Mr. Berry, from New Durham, N. H., came in 1780, but,
being a loyalist, removed to Canada at the close of the
Revolution.

During the year 1780, William and Eben Symmes came
from Ipswich, Mass., and settled at the north of Symmes’
Pond, on the old road leading from the village to West
Newfield. George Thompson, father of Daniel and George
Thompson, came from Scarborough, and settled upon the

+ Book 45, p. 210, record of deeds.
347
348 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

farm now occupied by Benjamin Piper. Ephraim Moulton
came from Hampton, N. H., with his four grown-up sons,—
Stephen, David, Levi, and Simeon,—and settled near the
north line of the town, east of North Newfield, on the
South Parsonsfield road, all taking adjoining lots. Elijah
Drew, grandfather of Ira T. Drew, Esq., came from Dur-
ham and purchased the Cape Ann right, but did not move
his family into town until 1789... He settled at Drew's
Corner, half a mile east of the pond bearing his name.
Rev. John Adams, also from Durham, came here, one au-
thority says, in 1780, while another gives the arrival of his
family in February, 1781. There is no doubt that he
preached here on his way through to and from the more
populous settlements as soon as he could obtain a stopping-
place on his journey or an audience of half a dozen settlers
and their families. Leader Nelson came from Portsmouth,
N. H., and settled in the centre of the town on land now
occupied by the village of West Newfield. Joseph Dam,
of Madbury, N. H., moved on to his brother’s lands at
what is now Newfield village in 1784, and a few months
after removed to Dam’s Corner, a mile northeast of Drew's
Pond, where he cleared the farm afterwards occupied by his
son, Hon. Daniel Dam.

Thomas Smith, who moved Rev. Mr. Adams to Newfield
in an ox-cart, settled east of Picket Mountain in 1785.
Thomas Davis, a brother-in-law of Elijah Drew and grand-
father of Thomas M. and George W. Davis, settled near
Nathaniel Doe. James Crummett, who had opened a farm
on the Middle road, sold toa Mr. Hill in 1785-86, and
went away. All these were from Durham, N. H.

Elisha Ayer, the chief proprietor, moved to Washington
Plantation in 1790, and settled on the farm south of
Symmes’ Pond, afterwards owned by Ichabod Knox.
James McLellan, his wife’s brother, came from Saco the
next year, and settled near Horne Pond. He was the
father of the late Hon. James McLellan, of Newfield.

Valentine Langley, of Durham, settled near Mr. Davis
in 1790. Zachariah Dunnels, who came from Newbury,
Mass., in 1794-95, was the grandfather of William Dun-
nels, late deputy sheriff of York County. Benjamin Loud
came from Portsmouth, N. H.,in 1797. Stephen Piper,
from Stratham, N. H., settled on the Asa Piper place.
John Mitchell and Joseph Towne, fron Kennebunk, settled
on Mountain road. The place where Jethro Smith located
has since been known as “ Old Rye Field.” Simeon Tib-
betts was an early settler. Hosea Lord was licensed inn-
keeper, and Josiah Towle, William Durgin, David Staple,
Elijah Drew, and James Ayer merchants in 1804.

The first chaise in the town was owned by Rev. John
Dame.

CIVIL GOVERNMENT.

The plantation government was organized under a war-
rant issued by Joseph Gilpatrick, Esq., justice of the peace,
to Capt. Ebenezer Symmes, one of the principal inhabitants,
for a meeting to choose plantation officers, as the law directs,
in order to collect their share of assessed county tax for
Little Washington, Francisboro’, and Little Ossipee.

At this meeting, which was held at the house of Nathaniel
Bartlett Doe, Sept. 26, 1791, Elijah Drew presided as
moderator. Andrew Doe was elected Clerk ; Elijah Drew,

 

William Symmes, Josiah Hobbs, Assessors; Nathaniel B.
Doe, Collector and Constable; Thomas Davis, William
Symmes, Zebulon Libby, Joseph Dam, Surveyors of High-
ways. £4 1s. 6d. were voted for roads and schooling. The
assessors were empowered to lay out roads, 24 rods wide,
where they thought proper, and wages fixed at 3s. a day.
A second election was called by William Frost, Esq.,
county treasurer, in a warrant to Jeremiah Hill, Esq., jus-
tice of the peace, and a second election was held Oct. 1,
1791, over which Elisha Ayer presided, and the same
officers were again elected.*

The first town record contains the following instructions
from William Frost, Esq., county treasurer :

“Only observe to begin Right & goe on Straight agreeable to the
law, keeping fair Records as you go along and you will always be
Right. If you begin Rong and Keep no Records you will always be
Rong and in confusion. I am with Respect, Gentlemen, Your most

Obedient and Humble Servant,
“Wu. Frost.”

Hog-reeves, a deer-reeve, fence-viewers, and tithing-men
were elected in 1792, and £25 were voted for the support
of the gospel. A committee was appointed to hire a min-
ister and clear five acres for a church-yard. Taxes were
payable in corn before January 1st of the next year. A
sale of 2960 acres of land for non-payment of taxes was
followed by annual sales of like character until after the
year 1800, the lands going for a nominal price and ready ,
pay.

INCORPORATION.

Feb. 26, 1794, the plantation was incorporated by act of
the Legislature of Massachusetts, and received the name of
Newfield. The first town election was held at the house
of Nathaniel B. Doe, April 15, 1794. Elijah Drew, Esq.,
was chosen Moderator, Town Clerk, and first Selectman ;
David Staple and David Moulton were elected Selectmen ;
William Symmes was elected Treasurer; Benjamin Lane
and Nathan Nock, Commissioners; Ralph Dam, Collector

- and Constable; Capt. Ebenezer Symmes and Nathaniel B.

Doe, Wardens; and a full list of town officers, including
highway overseers and fence-viewers, were elected. A pe-
tition was presented to the Governor requesting that Mr.
Elijah Drew be appointed justice of the peace. The sum
of £15 was voted for preaching, £20 for schools, and it was
resolved “that the school money be in corn.” A pound
was ordered built, and a commission sent to the General
Court to get the back taxes released. The following order
for the payment of an expert to examine the town accounts

 

* Besides the above officers, the following were residents of the town,
as shown by the official list of inhabitants made in 1791: John Adams,
Jr., Nathaniel and Thomas Adams, Daniel Allard, Samuel Berry,
Nathaniel Balch, Ebenezer Boothby, Stephen and James Berry, Jr.,
James and Ebenezer Crummett, William and John Campernel, Wil-
liam Campernel, Jr., James Clarke, James, William, and David Chel-
lis, Andrew Drew, Theophilus Bradstreet, Simon, Nathaniel, John,
Eliphalet, and Henry Doe, Thomas Day, David Durgin, Joseph Dun-
nels, James Foy, Peter Hays, Nicholas Kenniston, William and Robt.
Libby, Benjamin I. Lane, David, Stephen, Simeon, and Levi Moultone,
James McLellan, Leader, Daniel, and Joseph Nelson, Stephen Piper,
Resvlved Richardson, Ebenezer Symmes, Benjamin and David Staples,
Thomas and Jethro Smith, Gideon Straw, Robert and George Thomp-
son, Joshua Weymouth, Thomas Whitton, Starbird Turner, Levi
Stone, James Barry.
TOWN OF NEWFIELD. 349

 

shows the rigid economy with which public affairs were
managed :

“Mr. David Moulton, Treasurer, Please to pay Elijah Drew, Esq.,
Sixty-Seven Cents, it being for his services as a commissioner to ex-
amine the Selectmen’s accoumpts for the year 1797.

“Davin STAPLES,
“SAMUEL BURBANK.
“NEWFIELD, March 31, 1798.”

\ Selectmen.

The selectmen were paid for their services one bushel of
Indian corn per day. Thistles became so numerous as to
alarm the farmers, and a law was passed in 1797 forbidding
any one to allow them to go to seed upon the road border-
ing his premises for four years, under a penalty of £40
fine. The work of building the meeting-house was for-
warded this year by making accurate surveys to find the
centre of town. A number of poor people who had come
to the town to earn their living and homes by hard labor
were ordered off because they had not the town’s consent
and were not freeholders, though the residents were buying
public lands at less than $1 an acre.

The Baptist residents were allowed their portion of the
tax for supporting the gospel in 1798. The Congregation-
alists, relieved from their dissenting influence, immediately
erected their meeting-house, the first in the town, a quarter
of a mile northwest of Adams’ Pond, on William Symmes’
farm.

Elections were held in the meeting-houses until 1845,
when the town fitted up a hall over Samuel H. Smith’s
store. A strange scene in this old hall is recorded as oc-
curring at the election of March 3, 1859. “ Proceeded to
ballot for selectmen. After the balloting seemed to be over,
the moderator called several times for ballots to be forwarded.
At length it was motioned, seconded, and voted to close the
poll, The moderator declared the ballot closed, and, while
in the act of removing the cover of the box, J. Monroe
Davis declared, with an oath, that it was not closed, at the
same time hitting the box with his hand, knocking it out
of the moderator’s hand on to the floor, and scattering the
ballots among those previously strewn over the floor.” All
was instantly confusion ; there was a close vote expected,
and this means was a last resort to evade a defeat. Men of
opposing parties clinched and rolled together over benches
and upon the floor. After some minutes order was suf-
ficiently restored to ballot again ; but the meeting was ad-
journed to a subsequent day, when guards of special police
were stationed each side of the ballot-box, and the candi-
dates of the fighting party defeated. The meeting-house
of the Free-Will Baptist society at West Newfield was
purchased by the town in 1876, and has since been occu-
pied as a town-house.

CIVIL LIST.
CLERKS.

Piantation CLERK,—Andrew Doe, 1791-93.

Town Crerxs.—Andrew Doe, 1794; Samuel Burbank, 1795-99; David
Staple, 1800-2; Samuel Burbank, 1803-5; Josiah Towle, Samuel
Burbank, 1806; Samuel Burbank, 1807-8; Capt. James Ayer,
1809-11; Thomas Smith, Jr., 1812-19; Joseph Dam, Jr., 1820-
22; Israel Piper, 1823-28; John M. Stimson, 1829; Israel Piper,
1830-31; James Ayer (2d), 1882-33; Daniel Tyler, 1834-38;
Wentworth H. Davis, 1839-40; Joseph B. Davis, 1841; Samuel
C. Adams, 1842-45; Josiah Hobbs, Jr., 1846-48; Samuel C.

 

Adams, 1849-50 ; Samuel H. Smith, 1851-53; Millet Smith, 1854;
Henry Manning, 1855; Millet Smith, 1856-57; Isaac Brackett,
1858; Stephen Adams, 1859; Francis P. Adams, 1860-62; Levi
D. Hanniford, 1862; Daniel Davis, 1863-64; Ivory S. Loud,
1865; Albert C. Davis, 1866; Darius Davis, 1867-68; Ivory S.
Loud, 1869; Clement J. Adams, 1870-73; Albert H. Davis, 1874 ;
John Garland, 1875; Albert H. Davis, 1876-78 ; Roscoe G. Holmes,
1879.

ASSESSORS OF WASHINGTON PLANTATION.

1791.—Elijah Drew, William Symmes, Josiah Hobbs.
1792.—Elijah Drew, David Staple, David Moulton.
1793.—David Moulton, Stephen Piper, David Staple.

SELECTMEN OF NEWFIELD.

1794,—Elijah Drew, David Staple, David Moulton.
1795.—David Moulton, David Staple, William Symmes.
1796-97.—Samuel Burbank, David Moulton, David Staple.
1798.—Samuel Burbank, David Moulton, William Symmes.
1799,—Elisha Drew, Samuel Burbank, Nathan Nock.
1800.—Josiah Hobbs, David Staple, Nathan Nock.
1801.—David Staple, Josiah Hobbs, David Moulton.
1802.—Samuel Burbank, David Staple, Nathan Nock.
1803.—David Moulton, David Staple, Samuel Burbank.
1804.—David Moulton, Gideon Straw, Samuel Burbank.
1805.—David Moulton, Samuel Burbank, Lieut. Gideon Straw.
1806.—David Moulton, Samuel Burbank, David Staple.
1807.—Samuel Burbank, David Staple, James Fernald.
1808.—David Moulton, Samuel Burbank, Amos Carlton.
1809.—David Moulton, Samuel Burbank, Josiah Towle.
1810.—David Moulton, Samuel Burbank, David Staple.
1811.—David Moulton, Samuel Burbank, Thomas Smith, Jr.
1812.—David Moulton, David Staple, Chesley Drew.
1813.—Daniel Smith, Amos Carlton, Maj. Josiah Towle.
1814.—David Moulton, Samuel Hill, Amos Carlton.
1815.—David Moulton, Samuel Hill, Daniel Smith (2d).
1816.—Samuel Hill, Daniel Smith (2d), Winborn A. Drew.
1817.—Daniel Smith (2d), Samuel Hill, Gamaliel E. Smith.
1818.—David Moulton, Samuel Hill, Ephraim Wentworth.
1819.—David Moulton, Samuel Hill, Gamaliel E. Smith.
1820.—David Moulton, Samuel Hill, John Garland.
1821.—Elder Samuel Burbank, Daniel Smith, Moses C. Dunnels.
1822.—Daniel Smith, Samuel Hill, Gamaliel E. Smith.
1823.—Samuel Hill, Daniel Smith, Moses C. Dunnels.
1824.—Daniel Smith, Samuel Hill, Gamaliel E. Smith,
1825.—Samuel Hill, Daniel Smith, Jr., Moses C. Dunnels.
1826.—Daniel Smith, Jr., Samuel Hill, Gamaliel E. Smith.
1827.—Joseph Dam, Daniel Smith, Jr., Asa Piper.
1828.—Daniel Smith, Samuel Hill, Joseph Dam, Jr.
1829,—Samuel Hill, Daniel Smith, Jr., Asa Piper.
1830,—Asa Piper, Joseph Dam, Joseph Town.

1831.—Joseph Dam, Jr., Asa Piper, Daniel Moulton.
1832.—Moses Ayer, Joseph Dam, Jr., Daniel Gile.
1833.—Joseph Dam, Jr., Moses Ayer, Asa Piper.
1834.—Moses Ayer, Daniel Dam, John Adams.

1835.—Daniel Dam, James McLellan, Elisha Ayer.
1836.—James McLellan, Samuel Dam, John Mitchell.
1837.—Samuel Dam, James McLellan, Daniel Challis.
1838.—James McLellan, Jr., Joseph Drew (3d), George Ham.
1839.—Joseph Drew (3d), James Ayer, Peter W. Bragg.
1840.—James Ayer, Daniel Dam, Andrew Drew, Jr.
1841.—Daniel Dam, Isaac Staples, Joseph Moore.
1842.—James McLellan, Jr., Nathan N. Loud, Daniel Dam.
1843.—Nathan N. Loud, Joseph Moore, Ebenezer Symmes.
1844,—James McLellan, Jr., Daniel Dam, David 8. Ham.
1845.—Natban N. Loud, Charles Libby, Sherburn Clifford.
1846.—Sherburn Clifford, Nathan N. Loud, Andrew Drew.
1847.—Addison R. Stevens, Sherburn Clifford, Oliver Moulton.
1848.—Mark Wood, Addison R. Stevens, William T. Langley.
1849.—Addison R. Stevens, Mark Wood, Wentworth C. Davis.
1850.—James McLellan, Nathan N. Loud, Samuel H. Smith.
1851.—Nathan N. Loud, Wentworth C. Davis, Hannibal Smith.
1852.—Wentworth C. Davis, Daniel Dam, Joseph B. Davis.
1853.—Joseph B. Davis, Wentworth C. Davis, Amos Straw.
350 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

1854.—James Thompson, Jr., Samuel C. Adams, John Towne, Jr.
1855.—James Thompson, Jr., Charles D. Staples, Samuel C, Adams.
1856.—Charles D. Staples, Samuel C. Adams, Jonathan A. Garland.
1857.—Samuel C. Adams, Joseph Moore, Horace Piper.
1858.—Mark Wood, Josiah J. Hill, Durkins Davis.

1859.—Daniel W. Mitchell, Horace Piper, Joseph Moore,
1860.—James McLellan, Jonathan A. Garland, John A. Rogers.
1861.—Micajah S. Hanscomb, Darling Ham, Daniel Wormwood.
1862.—Darling Ham, Micajah 8. Hanscomb, Chris. C. Whitehouse.
1863.—Charles 8. Wentworth, Luther Ayer, Jonathan Woodman.
1864.—Jonathan Woodman, Nathan N. Loud, Albion K. Davis.
1865.—Thomas Mitchell, Mark Wood, William A. Thompson.
1866.—William A. Thompson, Thomas Mitchell, Nathan N. Loud.
1867.—Thomas Mitchell, David Moulton, Jr., Charles R. Morris.
1868.—Charles R. Morris, Nathan N. Loud, Charles A. Goodwin.
1869.—Darius Davis, William A. Thompson, Charles R. Morris.
1870.—Charles M. Symmes, Benj. F. Whitehouse, David M. Libby.
1871.—Benj. F. Whitehouse, Charles M. Symmes, Thomas B. Stone.
1872.—Jonathan Woodman, Nathan N. Loud, William N. Chase.
1873.—Samuel C. Adams, Jonathan Woodman, Wm. A. Thompson.
1874.—Charles R. Morris, Samuel C, Adams, Benjamin Carlton.
1875.—Samuel C. Adams, Jonathan Woodman, Eben H. Symes.*
1876.—Nathan N. Loud, Charles E. Pinkham, Benj. F. Goodwin.
1877.—Nathan N. Loud, Charles E. Pinkham, Elbridge G. Berry.
1878.—James M. Moulton, Elbridge G. Berry, Charles E. Pinkham.
1879.—James M. Moulton, Elbridge G@. Berry, D. Fuller Merrow.

MANUFACTURES AND WATER-POWER.

The town is endowed by nature with splendid water-
powers. The Little Ossipee, running the entire length of
the town, furnishes a series of waterfalls of a kind easy to
build upon, and in number much greater than have been
called into use. At Balch’s Mills, at the head of the
stream, the waters of the lake are made use of as a reser-
voir to supply the mills at North Shapleigh. This site was
formerly occupied by the furnace of the iron-mining com-
pany established in 1792, and later by woolen, paper, and
other manufactories on the Shapleigh side. At the village
of Newfield the chief water-powers are strictly within the
town. The river, enlarged by several tributaries, furnishes

* water sufficient for all the manufactories at the driest sea-
son of the year. There are ample water-powers on all the
principal streams.

MINERALS.

The mineral resources of the town early attracted the at-
tention of capitalists. Aug. 17,1792, a company was formed
under the name of the Washington Mining Company, to
develop the various deposits. The company consisted of
Bradstreet Doe, Andrew Doe, Leader Nelson, Elijah Drew,
Eben Hill, Theophilus Doe, Nathaniel B. Doe, and Thomas
Davis, of Washington Plantation, and nine members from
other towns in Maine and New Hampshire. Officers were
appointed to transact business and superintend operations,
and nine 100-acre lots were set aside for the purpose of
mining. An iron-furnace was erected at the outlet of Balch
Pond. Silver was mined, but not in sufficiently paying
quantities, in connection with their available means, and the
crude machinery and methods of their day. The company
ceased operations in a time when science was unable to
master the richest mines since developed. Prospect mining

has been vigorously conducted in search of silver since
1876.

 

* Eben H. Symmes has dropped the second “m” from his name, and
spells it with but one, in accordance with the more ancient usage,

 

VILLAGES AND HAMLETS.
NEWFIELD.

The first improvements upon the site of the present vil-
lage were made by Samuel Dam, who came from Durham,
N. H., and settled about a mile south of Waterborough, old
corner, in 1780. He built a saw- and grist-mill upon the
south side of the river, between that date and 1784, and
two dwellings on the north side of the river; one at the
corner of the block, opposite the Ossipee River House, and
another, for a boarding-house for his workmen, some fifteen
rods east, on the same block. His son, Joseph Dam, lived
there, and had charge of the mills. Mr. Bennett afterwards
erected a fulling-mill south of the bridge, near the dam.
The first post-office was established here in 1804, under the
name of Dam’s Mills, but the name was afterwards changed
to Newfield.

Josiah Towle ran away from his home in Epping, N. H.,
when a boy, and hired to work for a Mr. Wadsworth in the
town of Hiram, Me. While yet a young man, he en-
gaged in the mercantile business with Capt. Baker, at
Limerick. Soon after, in 1790, he came to Newfield, bought
20 acres of land of Mr. Dam, and opened the first store in
the place. He married Hannah, daughter of Elisha Ayer,
and died in January, 1838.

William Durgin, who came from Limerick with his father
and brother about 1798, built a saw- and grist-mill at the
upper village, half a mile from Dam’s Mills ; in 1801, a store
just south of the pond; anda few years later, a larger store
where he engaged largely in the manufacture of lumber, and
general trade.

The village is built upon the rising ground on each side
of the Little Ossipee River, and is surrounded by high,
broad ridges of farming-land. There are here sixty-six
dwellings, two churches, and the following business houses :

General merchandise stores: James M. Moulton, estab-
lished in 1854; J. C. Adams; J. W. Nutten, established
in 1869.

Notions and ladies’ goods: Bela Townsend.

Foundry: Jeremiah W. Emery, manufacturer of plows,
stoves, etc.

Machine-shop: J. H. Stanley, general work.

Gunsmith: J. D. Pillsbury, established in 1876.

Coffins and carriages: A. K. P. Davis, established in
1849.

Carriages and sleighs: W. M. Tibbetts, established in
1854; Hugh Scott, established in 1874; J. W. Murphy,
established in 1874.

Axes: C. R. Morris, established in 1867.

Blacksmithing and carriage-ironing: Frank Chellis; J.
W. Murphy, established in 1854; George W. Boothby ;
Charles and William Clifford.

Light wood-work: J. H. Smith, established by Smith
& Wormwood ; A. B. Chellis, established in 1873 ; Charles
EH. Chellis; J. A. Maddox.

Wool-carding mill: Charles R. Morris, since 1867.

Marble-works : George H. Straw.

Paint-shop: W. O. Smith, established in 1860; J. &
S. Whitcher.

Fruit evaporator: George Andrews & Co., established in
TOWN OF NEWFIELD. 351

 

1879; runs night and day, giving employment to 26 opera-
tives, and dries 120 bushels of green apples daily.
Cigar-manufactory : William M. Hazleton, established in
1874. :

Grist-, flour-, and feed-mill: Daniel Wood, established in
1780.

Saw-, planing-, stave-, and feed-mills: J. H. Stanley,
since 1873, on the site of the old Dam Mills.

Hotel, Grape-Hill Cottage: J. H. Murphy, established
in 1877.

Physician: Isaac M. Trafton, M.D.

Lawyer: Henry C. Hixon, since 1878.

Mails daily by South Waterborough and Adams’ Corner,
stage; Bela Townsend, postmaster.

WEST NEWFIELD.

West Newfield contains thirty-two dwellings and business
houses, the town-house, and two churches. The business
interests are as follows:

General stores: J. Durgin, established in 1872; J. L.
Carlton, established in 1878; John Adams opened a store
here and did a large business from 1826 to 1840.

Clothing manufactories: J. Durgin, established in 1872,
two to five operatives; J. 8. Carlton, established in 1878,
three to five operatives in shop.

* Hotel: R.G. Holmes, West Newfield House, since 1872;
established by Capt. George Thompson.

Saw-, grist-, and stave-mills, one-half mile east: Charles

Moulton, built by Nath. Drew, and rebuilt by John Adams.

in 1830.

Blacksmithing: A. Goodridge, established in 1855.

Postmaster: J. Durgin; mails daily.

Silver has been mined in small quantities since 1877
from the hill eastward, the ores of which assayed about $80
to the ton. John W. Frost has been the chief mover in
the development of this mine.

North Newfield is finely situated in a broad open valley
at the north line of the town. The business is chiefly the
manufacture of Tripoli. A fine article of fuller’s earth
found here was wrought by the Washington Mining Com-
pany as early as 1792. The Mount Eagle Maaufacturing
Company began putting up their various brands of Tripoli
for cleansing and burnishing metals and glass in 1848,
with the principal depot of the company in Boston, Mass.
Charles F. Sanborn is agent and manager at the works.
There is here a general store established by L. C. Moore,
the present postmaster, in 1873. . Mails are received daily
by stage from East Wakefield, N. H. There are here
fifteen dwellings of superior appearance.

BURYING-GROUNDS.

A well-filled burying-ground beside the old church at
Newfield village contains many names intimately connected
with the town from its earliest settlement to the present
time. Among them are Elisha Ayer, who died in 1807,
aged fifty-three; Capt. David Challis, died 1819, aged
fifty; William Durgin, died 1845; James Ayer, died
1834; Simeon Towle, died 1832, aged eighty-seven ; Jo-
siah Towle, died 1838 ; Henry Dunnels, died 1846 ; James
McLellan, died 1846, aged ninety ; and Darling Ham, who

 

died in 1868. There are other principal burying-grounds
in the northern, eastern, western, and southern parts of
the town, but most of the leading men of early times were
buried on their own grounds, which are generally well kept,
and look neat and attractive. The grave of Paul McDon-
ald, one of the first three settlers, is upon the farm of Ben-
jamin Piper. His house, long since gone, was in the
present orchard of Jobn Staples, a mile north of Newfield
village. Half a mile to the northeast is the birthplace of
the first child, now the farm of J. M. Thompson, Esq.

CHURCHES.
CONGREGATIONALIST.

Rev. John Adams, of Durham, N. H., was engaged by
the proprietors as the first settled minister, in 1778, and
received of them a grant of 400 acres of land. He came
immediately and commenced his labors, and in the spring
of 1781 moved his family into the town. He preached
constantly until his death, which occurred June 4, 1792,
without organizing a church.

The first meeting-house was built by David Staples, in
1798, on the farm now owned by Eben H. Symmes. At
that time Simeon Moulton and William Symmes gave each
one and a half acres of land for a church lot. The size of
the foundation was 40 by 50 feet; it had galleries on three
sides; 20 floor and 30 side pews.

The next pastor, Rev. John Stoddard, son of a clergy-
man settled in Western New Hampshire, came in 1800,
and received an invitation to settle, but was not ordained.

He formed a society of seven members, July 1, 1801.
These were William Symmes and wife, Stephen Moulton
and wife, Simeon Moulton and wife, and their pastor.
William Symmes was made deacon. In February, 1803,
Mr. John Dame was ordained, and remained until January,
1804, when he was tried before a council for gross immor-
alities, and dismissed in disgrace by a vote of ten to one,
with one year’s salary. His place was not supplied by a
settled minister until April, 1825, when Rev. Henry T.
Kelly became pastor of both Newfield and Parsonsfield
charges. Rev. Charles S. Adams was ordained Nov. 11,
1828, and remained until December, 1831; Rev. David P.
Smith was installed July 10, 1832, resigned Aug. 19,
1839; Rev. S. B. Gilbert, installed Jan. 3, 1840, resigned
Oct. 2, 1842; Rev. Elias Chapman, ordained Nov. 25,
1845, dismissed Jan. 29, 1849; Rev. Edmund Burt was
pastor from September, 1849, to March, 1853. During
his ministry the meeting-house and parsonage were removed
to their present sites in West Newfield village. Rev. Wil-

liam Pierce was supplying pastor from 1853 to May, 1856 ;

Rev. Jonas Fisk, 1858 to 1862; Rev. George S. Kemp,
1863 to 1877; and Rev. David L. Jones in 1878. Present
pastor, Rev. Jonathan Edwards, since May, 1879.
Deacons.—William Symmes, died Dec. 16, 1825; Tim-
othy Symmes, appointed July, 1825, died July 28, 1865;
John Garland, appointed January, 1829, died Feb. 11,
1870. Present, Eben H. Symmes, son of Deacon Timothy
and grandson of Deacon William Symmes, appointed May,
1866; Jonathan A. Garland, son of Deacon John Garland,
appointed May, 1872. The deacons have acted as clerks.
352 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

Present clerk, Deacon Eben H. Symmes. Present member-
ship, 34.

The old meeting-house is described by the oldest mem-
ber as a large two-story building, with galleries on three
sides, and a porch over the main entrance, from which two
pairs of stairs ascended to the galleries. The high pulpit
was boxed in with tight doors on either side, and fitted with
deacons’ seats, and a hinged communion-table attached to
the front. The house was occupied without fires for many
years. Deacon William Symmes finally sent to Portland
and procured a stove at his own expense. This was heated
for the first time at the occasion of his funeral, in Decem-
ber, 1825. The house was sound when torn down, but
large and old-fashioned, and not in accord with the modern
notions of the people.

A FREE-WILL BAPTIST CHURCH

was formed in West Newfield previous to 1803, but not
regularly organized under the State law until April 5, 1817.
Rev. John Buzzell preached in 1803, and Nathaniel Jordan,
Tristram Hurd, and James Marsten were members. Rev.
Samuel Burbank, son of Samuel Burbank, and a native of
the town, was the first settled minister. Their meeting-
house was sold to the town for a town-house in 1876.

The second society was organized at West Newfield, Oct.
25, 1851, with 22 members, under the ministry of Rev.
Benjamin 8. Manson, of Limington, who was followed by
Rev. Aaron Ayer, Oct. 15, 1851, and afterwards by Revs.
James Marston, Walter Clark, Plummer Chesley, Rev. Mr.
Townsend, Levi Brackett, Plummer Chesley, I. B. Merrill,
A. E. Boynton, 1876-78, and C. B. Peckham, present
pastor. Among the first members were Asa Wood, M. and
H. Piper, George Chase, C. R. Morris, I. Newbegin, H.
Towne, S. Tibbetts, S. Pike, 8. D. Chase, and I. A. Hale.

The house was built in 1872, and dedicated December
6th of that year. Membership, 43. ‘The present officers
are A. V. P. Davis and H. Piper, deacons; H. Piper, clerk.

BAPTIST CHURCH.

A Baptist society of 15 members was formed in 1806.
For many years they held meetings in dwellings and barns,
at the east and west side of the town alternately. The
first settled minister was Rev. William Goodwin. He was
ordained at West Newfield, in 1810, remained six years,
and afterwards became a Free-Will Baptist, and removed
to Milton, N. H. Rev. Shubael Tripp, from Hebron, fol-
lowed Mr. Goodwin. He remained four or five years. He
occupied the house at Newfield village owned by I. Challis,
and opened the first school in town there. In 1833 the
society united with the Congregationalists and Free-Will
Baptists, and built the meeting-house at Newfield village.
The building committee were Nathan Clifford, Thomas
Smith, and Jonathan Durgin. Rev. Mr. Roberts was the
minister at that time. At one period the society numbered
60 members, but at the present is nearly extinct.

METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH.

The first Methodist preaching in the town was by Rev.
Eben Trickey, of Rochester, N. H., who organized a church
in the southwest part of the town in 1825. Rev. Isaac

 

Moore was the first regular minister sent by the Conference.
The house of worship was built by John M. Davis and
Timothy Ross, in 1834, at a cost of $900, and dedicated
by Rev. Mr. Butler. He was stationed here, and was fol-
lowed by Rev. Henry Linscott, Jesse Stone, Benj. Foster,
James Rice, C. C. Covell, Sargent Gray, Francis Ayer, J.
E. Rudden, and A. Hatch. The membership is 52,

In 1831, Rev. Thomas Green, of Springvale, N. H., began
preaching in Newfield, and the next year was assisted by
Rev. David Copeland in forming a class of six members.
This was separated from the Shapleigh Circuit, and placed
in charge of Rev. Mr. Copeland in 1838. Their meeting-
house was built in 1836, and enlarged in 1855, at a total
cost of $1000. This building was abandoned for a larger
one erected at Newfield village in 1871, and dedicated in
1872. Among the first members were Wm. Gilpatrick,
Gen. David Challis, Peter Bragg, and Isaac Staples. There
are now about 100 members. Recording Steward, Dr. I.
M. Trafton. Pastor, Rev. J. Gibson.

SCHOOLS.

The first school in the town was taught at Newfield vil-
lage, by Rev. Shubael Tripp, a Baptist minister. He was
also one of the first school committee. The other two were
Daniel Smith and Capt. John Adams. Twenty pounds,
currency, were appropriated for the support of schools in
1791.

In 1871, in the eighth district, there were 435 children,
with an average attendance of 178. $1358 voted, equaling
$3.35 a scholar. Average wages for teacher, $2.50 per
week.

ASSOCIATIONS.
MASONS.

Dayspring Lodge, No. 107, F. and A. M., was organ-
ized March 19,1861. The first officers were Charles L.
Wentworth, W. M.; John G. Lombard, S. W.; Asa G.
Wentworth, J. W.; Samuel Goodwin, Treas.; Stephen
Adams, Sec.; David Wedgwood, 8. D.; Asa Sweat, J. D.;
Aaron Allard, Tyler. Members: Thomas Bond, Josiah
Durgin, Darius Davis, N. N. Loud. The present officers
(1879) are A. I. Q. Mitchell, W. M.; John T. Wentworth,
8. W.; Stephen L. Adams, J. W.; Albion K. P. Davis,
Treas.; John P. Wood, Sec.; Thomas B. Stone, S. D.;
Geo. S. Miles, J. D.; Charles F. Goodwin, Marshal. The
membership is 50.

PROFESSIONAL.
LAWYERS.

Hon. Nathan Clifford, who was born in Grafton Co.,
N. H., in 1803, completed his education at Haverhill,
Mass., and the Hampton Literary Institution. He came
to Newfield, after having been admitted to the bar, in 1827.
In 1830 he was elected to the State Legislature, and re-
turned for three succeeding years, during the last two of
which he was Speaker of the House. In 1834 he was ap-
pointed attorney-general of the State, which office he held
for four years, and was a representative in Congress from
1839 to 1843. In 1846 he received the appointment of
attorney-general of the United States, under President
Polk, relinquishing that office in March, 1847, to become
TOWN OF NEWFIELD.

353

 

commissioner to Mexico. When peace was declared he was
appointed minister to that republic. In 1858 he was ap-
pointed by President Buchanan to the office of associate
justice of the Supreme Court of the United States.

Charles W. Tuttle, a lawyer practicing in Boston, Mass.,
is a native of this town, and previous to entering that pro-
fession became generally known through his connection
with the observatory at Harvard College.

Caleb R. Ayer and Ira T. Drew, prominent lawyers of |

York County, were both natives of this town.

Henry C. Hixon, a graduate of Ann Arbor, Mich., Law |

School, was admitted to the bar in 1874, aud practiced law
in the city of Portland until 1878, when he located at
Newfield village.

PHYSICIANS.

Rev. Dr. John Adams was a physician as well as a min-
ister. He came to minister to the earliest settlers in both
capacities, and continued to preach and practice medicine
from 1780 to his death, which occurred June 4, 1792.
Samuel C. and Winborn Adams, prominent citizens, were
his grandsons.

James Ayer, M.D., was born in Boston, in 1781, studied
medicine with Dr. Carter, in Bethel, Me., and commenced
practice in Newfield, in 1805. He died Jan. 23, 1834.

M. L. Marston, M.D., settled in West Newfield in 1824,
and practiced medicine until his death, in 1828.

Stephen Adams, M.D., was born in Limerick, March 31,
1804, studied medicine with his brother at Limington,
graduated at Brunswick in 1829, and commenced practice
at once in West Newfield, where he still follows his profes-
sion.

Dr. Dudley Fulsom and Dr. Moses L. Weston practiced
medicine here in 1828, and Levi J. Ham, M.D., in 1869.

Doctors Blaisdell, Roberts, Leighton, Winn, and 8. P.
Clark have also practiced medicine here.

LEADING CITIZENS.

Elisha Ayer was a native of Haverhill, Mass. He went
to Saco in early life, and was an extensive trader in that
place for many years. He removed to Newfield in 1790,
and as principal proprietor of Washington Plantation he
occupied a prominent position among the leading men of

the county. He died at Newfield village, Sept. 7, 1807, at _

the age of fifty-three years, leaving two sons.

James McLellan, Jr., was a son of James McLellan, one |

of the early settlers. He held the office of treasurer, sur-
veyor, selectman, justice of the peace, and in 1843 was
elected to the State Legislature.

Josiah Towle, the first merchant of the town, was the
first representative of his town in the General Court of
Massachusetts, major of the militia, and prominent in most
public and town affairs of his time. He died Jan. 17, 1838,
aged sixty-eight years.

Gamaliel E. Smith, son of Thomas Smith, was for many
years the most influential man of the town. He was the
last representative to the General Court of Massachusetts,
having been elected in 1819 and 1820, and voted against
the separation in compliance with the wishes of his constitu-
ents. He was elected to the State Legislature in 1823, and
returned in 1825, ’26, ’27, ’28, and ’29. He enjoyed the

45

 

marked friendship of Prof. 8. B. F. Morse, the inventor of
the telegraph, and was connected with building the first
line from Baltimore to Washington, in 1844.

Horace Tuttle, son of Moses Tuttle, of Newfield, has
become known to the scientific world through his long con-
nection with the observatory at Harvard College, which
position he left for the United States Navy.

SOLDIERS OF NEWFIELD.
THE REVOLUTION.

Many of the first settlers came here direct from the army,

_where they had become inured to hardships, and well

fitted for the toil and privation of pioneer life. Of these:

James Crummet served in the army a short time.

William Campernell, who enlisted from Massachusetts,
lived to a great age.

Eben Boothby enlisted from Scarborough.

William Symmes went from Ipswich, Mass., and received
a wound in the arm at the battle of Bunker Hill, for which
he was granted a pension of $96 a year.

Eben Symmes, his brother, enlisted with him, and was
at the battle of Monmouth.

Robert Thompson was at the surrender of Burgoyne.

George Thompson, his brother, was in the army a short
time.

William Libby, of Kittery, was at the surrender of Bur-
goyne.

Stephen Wood was with Gen. Benedict Arnold in his
march through the forests of Maine, scaled the walls of
Quebec, and was taken prisoner.

Nicholas Kennison was a soldier at the hanging of Major
André, and stood within thirty feet of the scaffold.

James Heard was in the Continental army.

Simeon Tibbetts was in the army, and afterwards a sea-
man on board the frigate “ Raleigh.”

Simeon Moulton served under Gen. Gates, and was taken
prisoner.

David Moulton and Josiah Hobbs were both in the army.

THE WAR OF 1812.

Under the call made for soldiers to defend the coast of
Maine, five men were drafted from each company of the
regiment of militia in the northern part of York County,
and Capt. Ayer, the senior captain of the regiment, marched
with them to Kittery. The town was at that time divided
into the eastern and western military districts, and had a
company in each. Stephen Piper, Pelatiah Piper, John
Drew, Robert Drew, and George McLellan were selected
from the eastern company; John Heard and four others
from the western company. John Hobbs and John Drew
joined them afterwards as musicians. George McLellan
died in the service.

MILITIA.

The first company of militia was organized in 1794.
Eben Symmes was chosen Captain, James Crummet, Lieu-
tenant, and David Chellis, Ensign. At the second elec-
tion Josiah Towle was chosen captain; and at the third
election, Captain Towle having been promoted to be major
of the regiment, Ensign Chellis was promoted Captain,
354

HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

Gideon Straw was elected Lieutenant, and Joseph Dunnels,
Ensign. The next year the town was divided into two dis-
tricts and reorganized into two companies.

General David Chellis, son of Capt. David, and grandson
of William Chellis, was a member of the company, and
rose through all the grades from ensign to brigadier-general
of the 2d Brigade 1st Division of Maine State Militia.
He received his commission as colonel June 11, 1841,
and general, June 4, 1842. He is still living in the old
Chellis homestead.

REPRESENTATIVES TO THE GENERAL COURT.

Maj. Josiah Towle, 1809, 1811; David Moulton, 1812,
1813, 1814; Gamaliel EH. Smith, 1819; Capt. James Ayer,
1820.

Among the prominent men of the present time are Dr.
I. M. Trafton, Dr. Stephen Adams, Roscoe G. Holmes,
James M. Moulton, Charles F. Sanborn, Nathan N. Loud,
W. D. Ham, Usher B. Thompson.

 

BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH.

SAMUEL ©. ADAMS,

second son of Thomas Adams, was born in Newfield, Oct.
11, 1807.
school and at Limerick Academy, and for four years was a
teacher. In 1829 he began trade in Acton, where he re-
mained for four years, and in 1835 removed to Newfield,
where he remained in trade until elected register of deeds
for York County, in 1857. He served in this capacity for
five years, and returned to Newfield, where he served on
the board of enrollment as commissioner for 1864 and 1865.
He was a member of the State Senate for 1851-52, and in
1857 was a member of the House.

He received his education in the common

Besides filling various

 

 

town offices, he was appointed justice of the peace in 1833,
and has held the office continuously until the present time
(1879).

In 1833 he married Miss Theodate D., daughter of

 

Photo. by Conant, Portland.

ee 4h Ad ars

Samuel P. Page, of Acton. Of this union were born two
children,—Francis P. (a graduate of Bowdoin College in
the class of 1857; he married Susan P., only daughter
of Adam Brown, of Wolfborough, N. H.) and Harriet
Narcissus (born April 30, 1838, died Sept. 9, 1850).

Mr. Adams is a member of the Congregational Church,
and a supporter of church and kindred interests.

LYMAN.

 

GENERAL DESCRIPTION.

Tue town of Lyman is included in the oldest Indian
grant of land in the north of York County, west of the
Saco River. The original boundary lines of the grant are
those of the present town. It is bounded on the northeast
by Hollis and Dayton, on the southeast by Kennebunkport
and Kennebunk, on the southwest by Alfred, and on the
northwest by Waterborough. Its form is that of a paral-
lelogram, with its acute angles to the north and south.
There are included within its bounds 14,250 acres of land,
about one-half of which is improved.

The surface is low and moderately broken in the east,
and rises gradually to the highest point at Grant’s Hill, in
the centre, between the two main ponds. To the north of

 

South and west the
surface is more broken by deep ravines and water-courses,
dividing the lands into broad, rolling farms, which are well
tilled and productive. The northwest is more broken, and
granite boulders are numerous. The soil consists of sand,
clay, and granite, producing good crops of grains and grass.
Apples are produced to some extent. Wool is a leading
product, and cultivated forests produce lumber. The town
is well watered by numerous small streams connected with
the seven ponds lying wholly within its limits. Swan
Pond has an area of 480 acres. On its outlet are two im-
proved privileges, saw- and shingle-mills.

Kennebunk Pond has an area of 544 acres. On its
southern or eastern outlet there are two good privileges,

this hill the land is mainly plains.
TOWN OF LYMAN. 355

 

with a fall of five feet each. On the other outlet there
is one privilege ; water sufficient on both outlets to operate
two-thirds of the year.* Below the junction of these out-
lets is a privilege giving a five-feet fall. On a western
branch, coming in at the head of the last-named privilege,
is another power improved by a saw-mill. Jumbering is
still a source cf considerable income to the inhabitants.

SETTLEMENT.

In 1660, John Sanders, John Bush, and Peter Turbat
purchased of an Indian sagamore named Fluellen a tract
lying north of Kennebunk and Kennebunkport, embracing
the present limits of this town. The proprietors sold their
title in 1668 to Harlackindine Symonds, who conveyed his
right to Roger Haskins and 35 others. Under their pro-
prietorship it was settled in 1767.

One of the earliest conveyances of land is by a deed from
Harlackindine Symonds to Richard Lord, from him to Samuel
Lord, and from him to William Waterhouse, the old school-
master, 100 acres of land, by a deed bearing date of 1753.
Jacob Waterhouse, grandfather of the present town clerk,
came from Kennebunk with his brother, the William above
named, and each married daughters of James Wakefield,
who lived on the Hanscomb place, near where they settled.
Peter Roberts and Joseph Dennett married two other
daughters of Mr. Wakefield, and all lived on joining farms
near Roberts’ Corner, in South Lyman. Robert Dennett
came first, and sold one-half of his lot to Jacob Water-
house, in 1781, for £27. Jacob and William were sons of
Samuel Waterhouse, who deserted from an English vessel
and swam ashore in this province. Their father settled in
Kennebunk.

Love Roberts came to Lyman about 1775, and was killed
at a barn-raising in 1780. Peter, his son, who was then
fourteen years old, became the head of the family, and car-
ried on the work of opening the farm at Roberts’ Corner.
He married at the age of twenty-one, and had seven sons,
two of whom are living,—James W. Roberts, aged ninety,
who has been county commissioner for six years, and other-
wise a prominent citizen, and Dimon Roberts, also well
known in public life.

Alexander Grant took his lot between Kennebunk and |

Swan Ponds in 1774, and Silas, his son, joining, in 1779.

Thomas Lord settled north of where the Congregational-
ist meeting-house stands, in 1776.

James Lord and Richard Shackley settled two miles
north of the Arundel line, the same year.

Thomas Murphy took: up land on the point between the
two branches of the Kennebunk River. His father, Pat-
rick Murphy, came with him. The old gentleman ran

 

% The eastern outlet, or Redwater Brook, which rises to the north,
tuwards Swan Pond, was opened by Charles Day, who cut a channel
about thirty rods in length, connecting it with the east end of the lake,
in order to control the supply of water for his mills below in Kenne-
bunkport. This was between 1830 and 1840. T. L. Lord, who then
owned the Lord saw-mill, two miles below, was much alarmed lest the
new outlet should carry away his mill and buildings when opened.
J. B. Palmer owned a mill a short distance below,—since abandoned,
—on the western outlet. A long course of litigation followed, which
for more than thirty years was unable to decide upon the natural out-

let.

 

away from his home in Ireland when a boy of twelve years,
and came to America. Both father and son were in the
same company in the Continental army, Thomas enlisting
at the age of eighteen. He was taken prisoner and sent
to Halifax, where he escaped and returned home. He had
twelve children, of whom Patrick was the father of Enoch
Murphy, and Joseph was father of Cyrus W. and Granville
W. Murphy and Nathaniel Low, whose name was changed
from Murphy to Low while a resident of Boston.

Richard Hambleton was living in Lyman as early as
1781, when he was married to Experience Hatch.

Gideon Merrill and Robert Swainson were surveyors.
Mr. Swainson came to America as a surveyor for the Brit-
ish government, but abandoned that calling at the outbreak
of the war, and settled in Lyman, where he became a school-
master and prominent citizen.

James Brock came from Somerville in 1789.

William Brock, Mark Ricker, Amaziah Goodwin, and
Sylvanus Knox were early settlers; they married four
daughters of Elijah Baker, who lived just over the line, in
Waterborough.

Among the early settlers were, also, Abram Day, Lieut.
Samuel Harris, Caleb Losdell, Joseph Burke, Benjamin
Evans, Capt. Jeremiah Roberts, Wm. Brock, Thomas
Rankens, Valentine Hill, Richard Thompson, James Ray-
mond, Wm. Quint, Gershom Downs, Capt. Joseph White,
James Sand, John Emmons, and Josiah Tibbetts, who all
came previous to 1787. :

Benjamin and Mark Goodwin were sons of John Good-
win, of Kennebunkport. They were prominent among the
early settlers.

Jacob Rhoades was an early settler. Miles Rhoades, his
father, died in Kennebunkport about the time of the Revo-
lutionary war, aged one hundred, and his wife, who was
Mary Huff, died four years after him, at the same age.

Among the earliest marriages were Moses Wentworth, of
Massabesic, to Nabbie Ricker, March 25,1781; Pendleton
Emmons to Mrs. Elizabeth Wells, of Wells; and Abel
Hamilton to Mercy Clark, of Dover, N. H., in 1781.

INCORPORATION.

The town of Lyman was incorporated under the name of
Coxhall, April 20, 1780. The first town election was held
at the house of Alexander Grant, between Swan and Ken-
nebunk Ponds, June 5th of that year. John Low was
elected Moderator of the meeting ; Paul Chadbourne, Town
Clerk; Joshua Ricker, Elisha Littlefield, and Benjamin
Goodwin, Selectmen and Assessors ; John Low, Treasurer ;
Lewis Martin, Constable; Thomas Low, Tithingman ;
Thomas Hoof, Joseph Taylor, John Low, and Simeon
Chadbourne, Surveyors of Highways; Richard Yeaton,
Field-Driver and Fence-Viewer; Joseph Roberts, Hog-
Reeve; John Low, Dcer-Reeve ;} Paul Chadbourne, Culler
of Staves; Jeremiah Roberts, Ezra Kimball, and Daniel
Kimball, Wardens ; Robert Swainson, Lot-Layer; Robert
Swainson, Alexander Grant, and Nehemiah Gray, Com-
mittee to run out the town of Coxhall.

 

+ The duty of a deer-reeve, who was in some towns called ‘‘ deer-
informer,” was to inform against persons wantonly destroying deer
or killing them out of season.
356 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

Two hundred pounds, lawful money, was voted to defray
the charges of the town. July 12th another meeting voted
£2000, lawful money, for expenses. At the fall election
John Hancock was “unanimously elected Governor,” but
there is no record that the votes were counted. The first
book for records was presented to the town by Gideon
Bachelder, Esq.

CIVIL LIST.

TOWN CLERKS.

Paul Chadbourne, 1781-89; Issachar Dam, 1790; Robert Swainson,
1791; Paul Chadbourne, 1792-95 ; Timothy Lyman, 1796; John
Carll, 1797-1808; Nathan Hanson, 1809-17; Robert Cousens,
1818-27; John Roberts, 1828; James W. Roberts, 1829; Robert
Cousens, 1830-33; John Roberts, Jr., 1834; Stephen Welch,
1835 ; John Roberts, 1836-37 ; John Grant, 1838 ; Dimon Roberts,
1839-41; Luke Ricker, 1842; James H. Staples, 1843; Eastman
H. Tripp, 1844-45; Cyrus Bock, 1846-49 ;.Hastman H. Tripp,
1850; Cyrus Bock, 1851; Simon L. Dunnett (2d), 1852-53; Jesse
Kimball, 1854; Hiram Waterhouse, 1855-56; James Nason,
1857; James B. Roberts, 1858; Hiram Waterhouse, 1859-61;
Thomas J. Murphy, 1862; John M. G. Emerson, 1863-64; John
C. Libby, 1865-68; Benjamin F. Bennett, 1869-71; Alonzo
Roberts, 1872; Samuel C. Gilpatrick, 1873-75; Hiram Water-
house, 1876-79.

SELECTMEN.

1780.—Joshua Ricker, Elisha Littlefield, Benjamin Goodwin.
1781.—John Low, Robert Swainson, Benjamin Goodwin.
1782-84.—Joshua Ricker, Ezra Kimball, James Lord.
1785.—Benjamin Cousens, Capt. John Low, Lieut. Issachar Dam.
1786-87.—Paul Chadbourne, Ezra Kimball, Valentine Hill.
1788.—Ezra Kimball, Paul Chadbourne, Benjamin Goodwin.
1789.—Lieut. Issachar Dam, John Waterhouse, Heber Kimball.
1790-91.—Heber Kimball, Joseph Roberts, Jr., Robert Swainson.
1792-94.—Paul Chadbourne, Elisha Littlefield, Joseph Roberts, Jr.
1795.—Paul Chadbourne, Heber Kimball, John Goodridge.
1796.—Paul Chadbourne, Heber Kimball, John Carll.
1797.—Hlisha Littlefield, Simeon Chadbourne, Robert Swainson.
1798.—John Carll, Heber Kimball, Joseph Roberts, Jr.
1799-1800.—John Carll, Elisha Littlefield, Stephen Smith.
1801.—John Carll, Elisha Littlefield, Robert Wells.
1802-3.—John Carll, Nathan Hanson, Robert Wells.
1804.—John Carll, Nathan Smith, John B. Hill.

1805.—John B. Hill, William Warren, Nathan Smith.
1806.—John Carll, Heber Kimball, Nathan Smith.
1807.—William Warren, Nathan Hanson, Nathan Smith.
1808.—John Carll, Nathan Hanson, Nathan Smith.
1809-10.—Lieut, Thomas Sands, Jr., Nathan Hanson, Nathan Smith.
1811-14.—William Warren, Nathan Hanson, Nathan Smith.
1815.—William Warren, Nathan Hunson, John Brock.
1816-17.—William Warren, Nathan Hanson, Nathan Smith.
1818.—Robert Cousens, John Brock, Capt. Benjamin Gould.
1819.—Nathan Hanson, Nathan Smith, William Warren.
1820.—Robert Cousens, Nathan Smith, William Warren,
1821.—Robert Cousens, Stephen Smith, Enoch Hill.

1822.—Jesse Kimball, Stephen Smith, Enoch Hill.
1823-24,—Robert Cousens, Abiel Ricker, William Warren.
1825-28.—Robert Cousens, Abiel Ricker, John Raymond.
1829.—Joseph Dennett, Jr., James Nason, John B. Porter.
1830.—Robert Cousens, James Nason, Joseph Dennett, Jr.
1831-33.—David Low, James Nason, Joseph Dennett, Jr.
1834-35.—Robert Cousens, Francis Warren, Edward Card.
1836.—Simon L. Dennett, Capt. Francis Warren, John B. Porter.
1837.—Simon L. Dennett, Capt. Francis Warren, James Nason.
1838.—Nathan Hill, George Waterhouse, James Nason.
1839-40.—Nathan W. Hanson, Daniel Low, James Nason.
1841.—Nathan W. Hanson, Daniel Low, Valentine Hill, Jr.
1842.—John Whitten, Daniel Hill, Valentine Hill, Jr.
1843,—John Whitten, Robert Cousens, Valentine Hill.
1844.—Edward Card, Magnus J. Smith, William Waterhouse.
1845-47.—Francis Warren, Magnus J. Smith, William Waterhouse.

 

1848-49.—Nathan Hanson, Robert Roberts, William Waterhouse, Jr.
1850.—Nathan W. Hanson, Robert Roberts, Leonard Weymouth.
1851.—King Smith, Edward Card, Magnus J. Smith.
1852.—William Waterhouse, Jr., Nathan W. Hanson, Magnus J.
Smith.
1853.—William Waterhouse, Jr., James Nason, King Smith.
1854.—Joseph Hanson, James Nason, King Smith.
1855.—Fred. T. Hill, William Waterhouse, Dimon Roberts.
1856-57.—Thomas Tibbetts, William Waterhouse, John Whitten.
1858.—Thomas Tibbetts, Nathan W. Hanson, Eastman H. Tripp.
1859-60.—James B. Roberts, Jacob Goodwin, Simon Pierce,
1861-62. James B, Roberts, Jacob Goodwin, Solomon Drown (2d)
1863.—Sylvester Hill, Eastman H. Tripp, Nathaniel Roberts (2d).
1864.—Joseph W. Hanson, Thomas Tibbetts, James L. Walker.
1865.—William Waterhouse, Dimon Roberts, George W. Grant.
1866.—Nathan W. Hanson, James B. Roberts, Solomon Drown (2d).
1867.—Zophar R. Folsom, James B. Roberts, Solomon Drown.
1868.—Zophar R. Folsom, James B. Roberts, James L. Walker.
1869.—Sylvester Hill, James B, Roberts, James L. Walker.
1870-72.—Sylvester Hill, Frank W. Blaisdell, Richard S. Stanley.
1873.—Richard S. Stanley, Hiram Waterhouse, James B. Roberts.
1874.—Robert S. Stanley, Solomon Welch, Leonard CO. Walker.
1875-78.—Solomon Welch, Jesse Kimball, Leonard C. Walker.
1879.—Thomas Tibbetts, Solomon Welch, James L. Walker.

THE REVOLUTION.

The town. contributed as well as it was able to the sup-
port of the army during this war, both in men and means.
A meeting was held to provide beef for the army in 1781,
and it was then voted to send instead £1900 lawful money.
September 10th it was voted to send two more soldiers when
called for. Benjamin Evans and Benjamin Grant were the
two men selected. They were voted a salary of $10 per
month, to be paid in silver, gold, or labor, at 2s. a day, and
corn at 4s. a bushel, and the town was to draw their wages
from the State. Three oxen were bought that year and sent
by Alex. Grant to Berwick Landing for shipment. These
were bought by a town vote, payable in lumber and powder.
A call for a meeting to be held April 22, 1782, says, “ We
may come under damage for not getting our soldiers for the
Continental army for the year past.” The selectmen were
empowered to procure three soldiers if they could. Ezra
Fluent went for three years for £30 in stock and $100 in
lumber “at the old way,” to be delivered at Kennebunk
Landing. (He was Capt. Fluent in 1787.) John Foster,
Asa Lasdel (Laisdel), and Ebenezer Cousens were each
sent for three years. One-third of the soldier-tax was
added to the poll-tax, and the town was divided into three
classes, each of which was to support its proportion of
soldiers.

John Burbank was a Revolutionary soldier in Capt. N.
M. Littlefield’s company in 1775 ; a sergeant in Capt. Eliph-
alet Daniels’ company at Portsmouth in 1776; entered on
board privateer “ Dalton ;” was captured and carried to Eng-
land in 1777 ; enlisted as master-at-arms in 1779 on board
the “ Bonne-Homme Richard,” and was in the action with
the “ Serapis” and “ Countess of Scarborough” in Septem-
ber of that year, under John Paul Jones. He had but one
daughter,—Sally,—who married Jos. Taylor, a resident in
the southern part of the town. Mr. Burbank spent the
last years of his life with Mr. Taylor. In 1803 he was
elected to keep the proprietors’ records.

A meeting was held in 1794 to see how much money to
invest in tin kettles, powder, lead, and flints, and £15 were
voted for that purpose.
TOWN OF LYMAN. 357

 

INCORPORATION.

A proposition was made in 1799 to divide the town and
join the eastern half to the lower part of Phillipsburgh in
forming a new town.

An act to change the name of Coxhall to Lyman was
passed by the General Court, Feb. 25, 1803. The new
name was given in honor of Theodore Lyman, Esq. The
boundaries, which had been a subject of contention with the
town of Phillipsburg on the east, now Dayton, were also de-
fined by the General Court, as follows :

‘WHEREAS, By act passed April 20, 1780, incorporating the Plan-
tation of Coxhall into a town, the boundaries thereof are vague and
uncertain, be it enacted that the town of Lyman, formerly Coxhall,
shall hereafter be bounded as follows: Beginning at the westerly side
of Mousam River, at a pitch pine stump on the edge of the bank of
said river, and on the head line of the town of Wells; from thence to
run on the head line of Aurundel six miles to the west line of the town
of Phillipsburgh ; thence north about twenty-four degrees and one half
west, joining on said Phillipsburgh six miles one hundred and twenty
rods, to a stake; thence on a southwest course parallel to the head line
of Wells and Aurundel, six miles or until it comes to the easterly side
line of the district of Alfred; from thence south about twenty-one de-
grees, east joining on the Alfred line, to the pine stump first men-
tioned.”

This caused a shifting of the lines about fifty-three rods,
and the location of a new corner on the western angle of
the town, since known as the “ Governor’s Corner.”

Elections were first held at the house of Alexander Grant,
north of Kennebunk Pond, and at the house of John Low,
now the residence of Mrs. Bradford Raymond, near the
Alfred and Biddeford road, in the southeast part of the
town, and from 1787 to 1830 at the meeting-house. They
were then held in a barn for three years, after which town-
meetings were called “to assemble around a big rock in
front of the meeting-house.” This was the Town- Meeting
Rock until 1835, when the town-house was built at the
east end of Kennebunk Pond. In 1878 the town-house
was sold, and the town records and business transferred to
Union Hall, at Goodwin’s Mills. The Town-Meeting Rock
was broken up to make the wall which surrounds the bury-
ing-ground near the church. A town farm, for the support

of the poor, was purchased in 1852.

GOODWIN’S MILLS.

This, the only village in the town, was the site of one of
the first mills, erected as early as 1782, in a heavy growth of
white pine, and since almost continuously in operation. It
is now a neat little cluster of buildings with church and store,
and surrounded by smooth, rolling farms and thin groves of
pine, oak, and maple. A part of the village is in Dayton.
The trade of the town centres here. Benjamin Dudley,
whose monument is conspicuous in the churchyard near,
was a prominent merchant and innkeeper here in 1829.
He and John and William Dow were licensed retailers of
liquors at that time. The business now consists of the
general merchandise store of Emerson & Co., established
1876; saw- and grist-mill, Sylvester Hill, and shingle- and
clapboard-mill of Simon Pierce. There are here both Ma-
sonic and Grange lodges. Mails are daily; John M. G.
Emerson, postmaster. Resident physicians: Eben Hurd, a
native of Newfield, since 1850; D. G. W. Sylvester, since
1876.

 

A second post-office, in the south part of the town, called
South Lyman, has been kept at the residence of Hiram
Waterhouse, postmaster for the past thirty years. Mails
are Wednesdays and Saturdays from Biddeford by private
conveyance, the government having discontinued the mail
contract in 1877.

Among the manufactories are the old Wadleigh mill, near
Barker Pond, at the Dayton line; M. Littlefield’s mill, on
a branch of the Kennebunk River, in the south ; shingle-
and stave-mill, Orrison Huff; shingle-mill, Lord Bros.’, on
the east outlet of Kennebunk Pond; saw-mill, Low & Mur-
phy, South Lyman, established 1869, by N. M. Low and
Cyrus W. Murphy; smiths, Hiram Waterhouse, John Dow ;
painter, C. F. Roberts; carpenters and builders, Wm. Hoff,
C. W. Hoff, W. H. Dennett.

CHURCHES.
CONGREGATIONALIST.

The first record of any religious or church action in the
town books is a vote to sell the parsonage lot, passed in
October, 1780. A second meeting reversed the action,
however, and it was not sold. In 1781, £30 were voted
“to be paid as money went in 1775” for the support of the
gospel, and John Low and Joshua Ricker were made a
committee for its disposal. A committee was appointed in
1783 to look out a place to set a meeting-house ; chose the
northwest end of lot No. 57, and marked the place by a
tree in the woods. In 1786 its erection was commenced by
a tax of £60, to be paid in timber, labor, or in marketable
lumber at Kennebunk Landing. Town officers were accord-
ingly chosen ‘‘ of every denomination that is necessary for
the peace and good order of the town.” The meeting-house
was built on lot No. 35, now occupied by the Second
Church. The pews were sold Dec. 5, 1787, by Issachar
Dam, “ vendue-master.” Rev. John Kimball preached pre-
vious to 1794, in which year it was voted to give him a call
to return.

A church was formed in 1801, and, December 2d, Rev.
Jonathan Calef was installed pastor. There were three
other candidates for the mivistry,—Revs. Daniel Merritt,
Thomas Toby, and Nymphas Hatch, who had undoubtedly
preached here before.

The first members of the church were Rev. Jonathan
Calef, Simeon Chadbourne, Jeremiah Roberts, Gideon
Batchelder, Esq., and Sylvanus Knox.

At the ordination of Mr. Calef, in 1801, the following
ministers composed the council: Rev. Paul Coffin, Na-
thaniel H. Fletcher, Isaac Hasey, Dr. Hemingway, Silas
Moody, Moses Sweat, and Mr. Thompson. The church
was constituted at the same time, and was composed of 23
members, whose names were as follows: Jonathan Calef,
Simeon Chadbourne, Jeremiah Roberts, Gideon Batchelder,
Sylvanus Knox, Josiah Goodridge, John Goodridge, Heber
Kimball, Samuel L, Raymond, Benjamin Stephens, Ezra
Kimball, Benjamin Cousens, Issachar Dam, Thomas Sands,
Jr., Anna Kimball, Esther Goodridge, Lucy Roberts, Polly
Bachelder, Elizabeth Brock, Hannah Knox, Rebecca Kim-
ball, Betsy Emmons, Eunice Sands.

Rev. Jonathan Calef, the first settled minister of Lyman,
was born in Chester, N. H., May 8, 1762; entered Dart-
358 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

mouth College, and took the degree of A.M.in 1791. He
then studied divinity with Rev. Moses Hemingway, D.D.,
at Wells, and was ordained at Canaan, where he remained
for five years, after which he came to Lyman, and supplied
the people of Lyman as pastor until his ordination over
them, in 1801. He was a man of uncommon ability, and
was honored with the respect and confidence of all classes
of people. A new meeting-house was built near the close of
his pastorate, and dedicated by him in September, 1829.
His text was “The glory of this house shall be greater than
that of the former, saith the Lord God.” The service,
which continued the whole day, was conducted in the after-

noon by Rev. Mr. Bacon, of Sanford. He closed his labors,:

May 12, 1831. He died April 24, 1845, and was buried
in the yard of his church, among the members of his first
congregation. His grave is marked by a marble slab, rising
to a height of six feet above the ground, and surrounded
by an iron railing, which incloses also the grave of his wife,
who died in Portland in 1853.

Rev. John Gunnison was his successor, being ordained
the day Mr. Calef closed his labors. He remained till Sept.
9, 1834. From’ March 12, 1836, to same date, 1837,
Joseph A. E. Long supplied. Aug. 25, 1837, Solomon B.
Gilbert was ordained an evangelist, and became stated sup-
ply to Sept. 1, 1839. Daniel Kendrick was stated supply
from Sept. 1, 1839, to Sept. 1,1844. William Pierce was
supply from Sept. 1, 1844, to Sept. 24, 1845, when he was
installed pastor, but dismissed Nov. 9, 1848. Rev. Amasa
Loring remained as stated supply from Jan. 1, 1849, to Nov.
14, 1854; Stephen Bailey, from Jan. 1, 1855, to Jan. 1,
1857. Wales Lewis was installed Oct. 25, 1857, and dis-
missed Sept. 13, 1864. He was followed by Rev. William
A. Merrill as stated supply, who began his labors Dec. 11,
1864, and remained till December, 1870. H.T. Arnold, a
licentiate, was stated supply in 1871. Rev. Samuel W.
Pearson, his successor, remained until February, 1876, and
was succeeded, June 4th of that year, by the present pastor,
Rev. George F. Tukesbury.

The first deacons were Simeon Chadbourne, Ezra Kim-
ball, and John Goodridge, chosen May, 1802. August,
1826, Isaac Currier and Issachar Kimball were chosen in
place of Deacons Kimball and Goodridge. In May, 1834,
John Currier, Robert Cousens, and Edward Card were
chosen, and in June, 1862, Isaac C. Emmons was chosen
in place of R. Cousens; July 1, 1870, Alvin Low, in place
of John Currier.

Present deacons, Edward Card, Isaac C. Emmons, Alvin
Low; clerk, since 1848, Dimon Roberts. Membership,
about 100.

In 1805 one acre was laid out to the proprietors of the
meeting-house, and deeded to them by John Safford and
Samuel Whipple.

The house occupied by Rev. Mr. Calef was burned Sept.
15, 1870. The church has a fine, comfortable parsonage,
and a good meeting-house, refitted in 1853. It has never
been six months at any one time without a pastor. The old
meeting-house was torn down to make way for the new one,
which occupies the same spot. The old one was without a
ceiling, and in its latter days was occupied by swallows.
Mrs. Dimon Roberts remembers attending meetings there

 

in her childhood, and watching the swallows fly in and out,
building their nests and feeding their young during the
long sermon.

FREE-WILL BAPTIST CHURCH.

The interest that resulted in the formation of this society
was aroused under the preaching of Elder Oliver McKen-
ney. A society was organized by him, May 29, 1839.
Reuben Roberts and wife, George Clark, John Brackett,
Sally Roberts, Oliver Nason, Rebecca Clark, Hannah
Downs, Anna Libby, Lydia Smith, and William Clark were
the first members. Elder McKenney became first pastor,
and continued his useful labors here till 1845.

Nehemiah Nason, Dorris Stone, James Nason (2d), Al-
mira Clark, Joseph Lever, Lucy Lever, Thomas Ricker,
Thomas Clark, James N. Roberts, Aaron R. Libby, Emily
Roberts, Mary Ann Clark, James H. Roberts, Olive
Roberts, and Mary Brackett joined under his preaching,
immediately after the society was formed.

The few months following Rev. Mr. McKenney’s preach-
ing were supplied by Elders Gray and Bridges. In 1846,
Elder Nathaniel Brackett assumed the relations of a pastor,
and remained till 1848. An interval of about two years
succeeded, when Elder L. H. Witham took charge, and re-
mained till 1852; no regular preaching in 1853; Hlder
Charles Hurlin followed till 1856 ; John Stevens and Oliver
Butler supplied to 1870; William J. Twort, 1871-72;
Edwin Blake, 1873-75; James W. Potter, last pastor, to
1878.

THE BAPTIST CHURCH IN WELLS
was formed by a council which met at the house of Ebenezer
Lay, Feb. 15, 1803, and at the same time ordained Elder
Joshua Roberts pastor of the new church. Elder Otis
Robinson was moderator of the council. Joshua Roberts,
John Taylor, and David Ross were among the first members.
John Taylor was made the first deacon in June, 1803.
David Smith was chosen deacon April 12,1810. Elder
Roberts continued to be both pastor and clerk until his dis-
missal, in 1831, when David Ross was chosen clerk. Elder
Chamberlain became pastor in August of that year, and
was succeeded by Elder Samuel Robins, who was installed
at the old meeting-house in Kennebunk, June 5, 1833.
Rev. Mr. Storer became pastor in 1837. Elder Emerson
in 1838. Deacon John Taylor resigned, and George and
William Taylor were both chosen deacons. In 1839, Elias
Magregory became pastor. In November a part of the
church took letters to unite with a new church forming at
North Kennebunkport, and soon after a new meeting-house
was begun in the south part of Lyman. Meetings were
held in the old church until October, 1840. The clerk,
who lived near the old meeting-house, refused to transfer
the records, claiming that the action was founding a new
church. Those who refused to join in Lyman transferred
themselves by letter soon after to the church at Kennebunk.

The new house in Lyman, since known as the Taylor
meeting-house, was occupied, and the society, numbering
24 members, named themselves the First Kennebunk and
Lyman Church, and elected John L. Taylor clerk in place
of George Taylor, resigned. In 1842, Deacon George Tay-
lor and the remainder of the south members withdrew to
TOWN OF LYMAN. 359

 

form a society of their own, but in 1844 reunited, bringing
with them their pastor, Rev. E. Cox.

James W. Roberts became clerk this year, and was
succeeded by Hiram Waterhouse, the present clerk, in
1849. In a letter to the Association in 1841, Elder Flan-
ders was reported as their preacher three-fourths of the time.
In 1842, Rev. Eleazer Robins preached three-fourths of
the time, and caused a revival which added 26 new mem-
bers to the church. Edward S. Ladd followed in February,
1842, and had increased the membership to 64. at the close
of his labors in 1844,

Rev. Albert Hill was pastor from 1848 to 1851. Bartlett
Pease became pastor in 1852; Gideon Cook, in 1854; G.
Littlefield, 1859; and W. H. Copeland, last supply, in
1867. The meeting-house is now used as a lyceum by the
young people of the neighborhood.

METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH.

Traveling Methodist preachers visited Goodwin’s Mills,
and held meetings as early as 1809. The first class was
formed by John Adams, and some of its first members were
Joseph Wadlin, who became the first class-leader, Anne
Wadlin, Betsey and Sally Wilson. For several years meet-
ings were held in school-houses. Among the earliest re-
membered preachers were Francis Newell, Mr. Bannister,
Philip Ayer, W. H. Pillsbury, Jesse Stone, Elder Blake,
Mr. Bates, Rev. Mr. Coffin, William Brown, Joseph Gerry,
Revs. Dike and Macomber, and others that in the ab-
sence of records have escaped the memory of the oldest
members. Elder Lewis is particularly remembered, as under
his ministry and through his efforts the meeting-house was
built, and dedicated in the fall of 1839. The first trustees
after the completion of the house were Jacob McDaniels,
Jeremiah Wadlin, Simon Burnham, Albert Lunt, John
Clark, Tristram Goodwin, Ebenezer Dow, Joseph Wadlin,
and William C. Brown. For a long time it belonged to a
four-weeks’ circuit, and Gorham Greely and John Rice were
preachers. In 1843 it was attached to Buxton Circuit, and
J. Clough was minister. In 1845, Silas M. Emerson was
minister. Some years it was supplied by local preachers,
as in 1849, by Jacob McDaniels. At other times Mr.
Warren occupied the pulpit. In 1850, Francis Masseure
had charge, and he was followed by Elder Greenough.
Daniel Waterhouse had charge one year, 1856; Eben
Gerry, 1857-58; F. C. Ayer, 1859-60; C. K. Philbrick,
1862 and part of 1863, till his death,in March of that
year. Balance of year filled by local preachers. William
S. Jones had charge, 1864, ’65, and ’66; N. B. Centre,
1867; C. W. Blackman, 1868-69; Marcus Wight, to
1872; and O. H. Stevens, to 1879. Present membership,
72. The value of church and parsonage is $1700. The
parsonage was bought in 1850. Jeremiah Wadlin has
been class-leader for many years.

BAPTIST CHURCH.

The first meetings were held in barns, dwellings, and
school-houses. Simon Locke, a licensed preacher, was
especially useful in gathering the church, which was or-
ganized March 5, 1782, at the house of Jacob Rhodes, and
consisted of 29 members, as follows: Simon Locke, Samuel

 

Burnham, Stephen Butler, Thomas Cluff, Wm. Waldin,
John Penny, John Ross, Jacob Burnham, Jacob Rhodes,
Daniel Kimball, Richard Thompson, Benjamin Goodwin,
Joshua Smith, Thomas Huff, Miriam Wadlin, Mary Huff,
Olive Drew, Elis Rhodes, Amy Dolliff, Frances Thompson,
Mary Rhodes, Mary Thompson, Ann Burnham, Hannah
Cluff, Esther Ross, Abigail Cleaves, Sarah Rhodes, Lydia
Locke, and Ruth Rhodes. Mr. Locke was ordained pastor
of this church Dec. 18, 1783. At the ordination the Ber-
wick Church was represented by Elder William Hooper,
and that of Sanford by Elder W. Powers. The pastorate
of Elder Locke was only terminated by his death, in 1831.
As the beloved pastor of his people, he served them faith-
fully forty-eight years. He was a devoted Christian, a plain
and practical preacher, and a sympathizing friend. During
his ministry 170 were added to the church. N. G. Little-
field, a native of the town and a member of this church,
was licensed to preach in 1822, ordained an evangelist 1827,
and became pastor of the church in 1839. During the last
years of Elder Locke’s ministry, he aided him much in his
pastoral duties. In 1830 the church divided, and Mr.
Littlefield had pastoral care of the Second Church, while
John Saunders became assistant pastor of the old church,
yet under the care of Mr. Locke. After a short trial of
divided action, they were again united in 1833. Elder S.
Tyler had care of the church in 1834; N. G. Littlefield,
from 1841 to 1844; Rev. Thomas Jameson, in 1846; N.
G. Littlefield, in 1850; Rev. Augustus Hubbard, from
1854 to 1855; Gideon Cook, half the time in 1857 to
March, 1858; N. G. Littlefield, half the time during 1858;
Rev. James Ferguson, in 1861, and until ill-health obliged
him to close his ministry, Aug. 20, 1864; he was dis-
charged from pastoral care in 1866. About two-thirds of
1868, Rev. W. H. Copeland was employed half the time.
During the summer of 1870, Rev. Warren Emerson sup-
plied the society-meeting for worship in the hall over the
school-house in district No. 7, at Goodwin’s Mills. Since
February, 1871, different ministers have supplied the pulpit.
Rev. John C. Andrews and Rev. James A. Ferguson have
each supplied three years previous to 1879. This church
was released from Congregationalist parish support in 1798,
on settling a minister. The deacons of the church have
been Joshua Smith, Stephen Butler, Lemuel Burnham,
Daniel Kimball, Wm. Waterhouse, John Grant, Joseph
Cleaves, Simeon Andrews, Jas. Nason, John W. Blaisdell,
E. H. Tripp,—for many years church clerk,—and F. War-
ren. Present membership, 49.

The first place of worship was built in 1788, about one
and a quarter miles northwest of Goodwin's Mills, at a cost
of $700, and which was occupied till 1820, when asecond
and more convenient house was erected, costing $2100.
This was burnt in 1848, and a resort to school-houses was
again had till 1855, when a house for worship was erected
between the ponds, at a cost of about $1000. In 1870
it was deemed advisable to remove this meeting-house to
Goodwin’s Mills. Accordingly it was taken down, more
material added, and a neat edifice, with tower for bell,
erected at a cost of about $3000, and dedicated Feb. 22,
1871. It was traditional among the old settlers that Mr.
Theodore Lyman, after whom the town was named, had
360 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

promised a bell to the first church that would build a tower
in which to hang one. No church had heretofore provided
such a place. Upon its completion a committee waited
upon a son of Mr. Lyman, stated the case as remembered
by the old inhabitants, and he immediately redeemed the
promise of his father by giving a check of $300 for a bell,
the first and only one in town. Present officers: James
Nason, Deacon ; E. H. Tripp, Clerk.

BURIAL-GROUNDS.

The Chadbourne Cemetery, in the north part of the
town, near the Free-Will Baptist church, is the largest and,
undoubtedly, the oldest in the town. It is upon the west
side of the highway, on a narrow ridge bordered by low-
timbered lands on either side, while to the north and south
a continuous row of farms extends along the road. The
ground contains about an acre of land, slightly sloping from
the centre, and shaded by fir-, ash-, and cedar-trees. In
the centre, a large, rough, granite rock, five feet long and
twenty inches in thickness, standing upon one edge, bears
the following inscription upon its only smoothed and pol-
ished side:

DEA.
SIMEON CHADBOURNE
1750—1846.

IN THE BATTLE OF
BUNKER HILL.

 

HIS WIVES,
ELIZABETH | CATHARINE
176241855 | 175241778.

Luke xxiv. 11.

The last named was the first person buried in this ground.
Eleven feet east from the ash-tree, on the mound upon
which the stone rests, is the grave of Josiah Tibbits, a soldier
of the last Indian and French war and an early settler, with
one of his wives on either side, each marked with a low,
rough stone bearing their initials. Near them are many
graves similarly marked. In other parts of the ground are
Nathaniel Brackett, who died in 1842, aged ninety-one;
Capt. Jeremiah Roberts, died 1846, aged ninety-three ;
Josiah Tibbitts, Jr., died 1855, aged sixty-eight; James
Nason, died 1801, aged twenty-nine; Gideon Walker, died
1807, aged fifty-seven ; Phineas Ricker, died 1836, aged
eighty-eight; Thomas D. Clark, died 1847, aged eighty-
five; Luke W. Brock, died 1848, aged seventy ; Jonathan
Hemmenway, died 1851, aged eighty-two; Maj. Jeremiah
Roberts, died 1874, aged seventy-six; Charles H. Moody,
of the 27th and 29th Maine Infantry, and Seth Cousens,
32d Massachusetts Infantry, both soldiers of the late war
against rebellion in the Southern States. The ground is
regularly laid out and neatly kept.

Another old, but smaller, public burying-ground is beside
the old Congregationalist church in the west part of the
town, near the Alfred road. Among the honored dead who
- repose here are Capt. Samuel Raymond, died 1812, aged
sixty-eight; James Sands, died 1819, aged seventy-two ;
Rev. Jonathan Calef, A.M., the first minister of the town,
died April 24, 1845, aged eighty-three; Capt. Nathan
Raymond, died 1845, aged eighty-cight; Capt. Joseph
White, a soldier of the Revolution, who fought both on

 

land and sea; Enoch Coffin, died 1843, aged fifty-three ;
Hon. Nathaniel Low, who died in 1845, aged eighty-four ;
John Low, Esq., whose epitaph reads:
“Died Nov. 23, 1827, aged 82—

An intrepid officer in his country’s cause.

A civil magistrate for more than forty years.

An active legislator & an able promoter of Justice and Peace.

An affectionate Husband & Father.

A faithful friend & counsellor &

A true soldier of the Prince of Peace.”

PLACES OF HISTORIC INTEREST.

The old Congregationalist meeting-house, erected in 1824,
occupies the site of the first meeting-house, built in 1787.
This was for many years the place of holding town elections
and all public gatherings. Beside it, the old burying-
ground contains an acre of graves overgrown with brush
and briers, and surrounded by a wall made from the famous
“Town-Meeting Rock.” The place is still surrounded on
the north, east, and west by dense groves of white pine
and oak.

SCHOOLS.

In 1785 it was voted to hire a school of four months, and
that it should be placed by the selectmen in the most con-
venient place in the town. William Waterhouse was hired
as teacher. Fifty pounds were voted for the school in
1794. In 1800 a head of each school class was chosen,
consisting of Capt. Benjamin Goodwin, Lieut. Jacob
Waterhouse, John Emmons, Nathan Smith, and Samuel
Moulton.

The districts at first were large and called classes, and a
head elected each year at annual meeting to direct about
the school in each class. In 1809 there were six districts,
and from these others were set off as the inhabitants in-
creased.

In 1870 there were 412 school children reported within
the town. In 1878 there were 280, of whom 232 were
registered on the school rolls. There are 10 school dis-
tricts, with 9 good school-houses and school property valued
at $4525, with schools supported by a town tax of $880
and other appropriations, increasing the total expense for
schools to $1381 in 1878, under the administration of
George H. Day, Erford Emmons, and Jerome Smith,
school committee.

ASSOCIATIONS.
MASONS.

Arion Lodge, F. A. M., was instituted May 9, 1872.
The first officers were R. Wayne Bradeen, M.; Wm. M.
Staples, 8S. W.; Nathan Hanson, J. W.; Nathaniel Little-
field, Treas. ; Cyrus W. Murphy, Sec. ; Dimon Roberts, Jr.,
8. D.; Enoch C. Murphy, J. D.; Geo. W. Rumery, S. S.;
Francis N. Clark, J. 8.; Alvan A. Stevens, Tyler.

The present officers are Cyrus W. Murphy, M.; Albert
V. Wakefield, S. W.; George Palmer, J. W.; Walter P.
Garden, Treas.; Francis N. Clark, Sec.; Wm. M. Staples,
8S. D.; Jesse C. Walker, J. W.; Alma Dyer, S. 8.; Howard
P. Smith, J. S.; Cyrus Littlefield, Tyler.

PROMINENT MEN.

Town-meetings were held for a number of years at the
house of John Low, who for many years was chosen modera-
TOWN OF HOLLIS. 361

 

tor and town treasurer. He was the first representative sent
to the General Court in 1787, and after that, when repre-
sented, till 1801, when Issachar Dam was chosen for one
term, after which Mr. Low represented the town through
succeeding years till 1820. No man exercised a more con-
trolling voice in town affairs, or was honored so long and
repeatedly with the suffrages of his townsmen, as Mr. Low.
His descendants are residents of town, and occupy the old
homestead in the western part, where he first settled.

“Master” Robert Swanson was several times selectman,
but more frequently lot-layer and surveyor. He is remem-
bered by the older inhabitants as Master Swauson.

Nathaniel Low was secretary of the State Senate in 1826.

Among the early leading citizens were also Nathan W.
Hanson and Robert Cousens.

Joseph Roberts, an early settler, and his descendants,
have been worthy citizens,—often honored by controlling
positions in the public business of town.

The Hills, Smiths, Warrens, Emmons, Littlefields, and
Cluffs were likewise early settlers, and influential, respected
men in their times. Descendants of all are still residents
here.

James W. Roberts was a lieutenant in the war of 1812,
captain of the militia, held important town offices for a
number of years, was a member of the State Legislature,
and was a justice of the peace for twenty-eight years.

Col. Jacob Waterhouse, a son of one of the first settlers,
was an artificer in the war of 1812, and was a prominent
citizen until his death, in 1839. He was a leader in the
formation of the Democratic party in the town, and was, in
1837, the first representative elected to the Legislature by
that party in Lyman. The “Jackson School-house” was
so named from being the rendezvous of that party in its
formation here.

Hon. Hiram Waterhouse, a son of Col. Waterhouse, was,
in 1857, the first Republican member sent by the town to

 

the Legislature. He is a prominent and respected citizen,
and has been connected with the administration of town
affairs for many years.

Hon. James Nason, deacon of the Baptist Church, was a
member of the Legislature in 1842 and 1856, and a munici-
pal officer from 1822 to 1854. He is one of the oldest
prominent citizens living.

Among the more recent prominent men were Joseph
Dennett (now blind), Francis Warren, Edward Card, East-
man H. Tripp, Dimon Roberts (the oldest living resident),
Elisha Littlefield, Hiram Waterhouse, and Deacon James
Nason.

REPRESENTATIVES IN THE GENERAL COURT.

John Low, 1787-1800; Issachar Dam, 1801; John
Low, 1802-19.

MILITARY.

Among the military men of the town have been Capt.
John Low, 1780; Lieut. Issachar Dam, 1781; Capt. Ezra
Fluent, 1787; Lieuts. John Andros, Joseph Taylor, Ben-
jamin Goodwin, 1789; Capt. Elisha Smith, 1794; Capt.
Jere. Roberts, 1796 ; Lieut. James Wakefield, 1803; Capts.
Benjamin Gould and Jedediah Taylor, 1806 ; Maj. Issachar
Kimball and Capts. James W. Roberts and John B. Porter,
1820; Col. Jesse Kimball, 1824; Capt. Edward Card,
1827; Col. Jacob Waterhouse, 1837; Capt. John Grant.

MEXICAN WAR.

Benjamin Grant enlisted in the Mexican war, and died
at Matamoras.

Charles Lewis and James Gould both served under Gen.
Scott, and were honorably discharged.

In the war of the Rebellion the action of the town was
prompt and patriotic. Its quotas of men were filled, and
the debt incurred for bounties has been liquidated.

 

BOUL Ls,

 

GENERAL DESCRIPTION.

THE town of Hollis is bounded on the north by Liming-
ton and Standish, in Cumberland County; on the east
by Buxton; on the south by Dayton; and on the west by
Lyman and Waterborough. It is ten miles in length from
north to south, and three and a ‘half miles wide, and is bor-
dered by the Saco River, which forms its eastern boundary
for a distance of ten miles. The surface is quite broken
and partly covered with sand-plains, upon which are young
forests of white and yellow pine. The chief business is
farming and fruit-growing.

The Portland and Rochester Railroad passes through the
southern part of the town. CKollock’s Pond, nearly three
miles in length, and Whale’s Ponds, two small ponds, com-

46

 

prising 20 or 40 acres each, are in the north, near the
Limington line.

SETTLEMENT.

The original plantation and town included, under the
name of Little Falls Plantation, what is now comprised in
Hollis, Dayton, and that part of Limington south of the
Little Ossipee River. The original grant comprised a part
of the tract purchased by Maj. William Phillips of Mogg
Megone, an Indian, and son of Walter Megone, sagamore
of Saco River, in May, 1664, and recorded in 1669. Fif-
teen hundred acres on the south were purchased by Edward
Tyng, and 2000 acres next north, since known as the Rus-
sell Lot, by Richard Russell, of Charlestown, Mass. Ad-
362 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

joining this Maj.-Gen. John Leverett purchased a tract three
miles square.

In 1728 a trading-post was established, by order of the
General Court, a quarter of a mile below Union Falls, now
Dayton, to protect the trade with Indians. A fort was
erected of hewn logs, mounted with a cannon, and garrisoned
by a sergeant with 10 soldiers. In 1744,13 men were
stationed here, and after the declaration of war between
France and England the force was increased to 20. John
and Andrew Gordon, of Biddeford, and others attempted to
settle in the plantation along the Saco River in 1753, but
were soon after driven away by the Indians. In 1759 the
fort was abandoned with the return of peace. John and
Edward Smith settled near the fort in 1760. Most of the
early settlers were in the vicinity of the fort and in the
south part of the town. Among the arrivals soon after the
organization of the plantation and previous to 1790 were
Caleb Cook, who gave his name to the stream which was
made the dividing line when the new town of Dayton was
formed, Joshua Warren, Capt. Joseph Dyer, Phinehas
Downs, Benjamin and Robert Haley, William Deering, John
Poak, Caleb Lock, Enoch Parker, Humphrey Dyer, Thomas
Rogers, Isaac Robinson, Isaac Drew, Lieut. Benjamin
Haley, Christie Gilpatrick, who opened a tannery soon after
his arrival, Thomas Redlon, Richard Palmer, Joseph Goo-
gins, Ichabod Cousens, Lieut. Moses Atkinson, Gideon and
Robert Edgecomb, and Ichabod Gould. Among the later
arrivals were William Wadlin, John Harvey, and Elisha
Wight. Goodwin's Mill, around which clustered most of
the early settlers, was the first and leading business place,
and at the other side of the town. Hopkinson’s Mill was
the seat of government for the town until roads were opened.
In 1799 the curious appropriation of $1 a year each for
making and keeping in repair two road-gates for fifteen
years was made for John Young. The first settlers, though
men of untiring energy, were not always successful in their
own behalf. We find that in 1802 the town voted to take
care of Andrew Gordon, and see if his children had suffi-
cient property to take care of him or render him assistance.
He was a large and powerful man in his youth. Boarding
at home in Biddeford with his parents, camping out on his
claim, or seeking refuge in the block-house across the plains
when pressed by Indians, he only left his improvement when
driven out, and entered the army in the Canada expedition,
to return on the cessation of hostilities and continue his
improvement, which became a rallying point for the first
settlers west of the block-house, and is now in the finest
part of the town back from the Saco River.

In 1814 it was “ voted” that Elliot G. Vaughn, Esq.,
may have the privilege of building a ferry-boat, to ferry
across by his house.

POLITICAL ORGANIZATION.

March 27, 1781, the first plantation meeting recorded
was held at the house of Capt. John Smith, near the old
fort, south of Union Falls. Joseph Chadbourne was elected
Moderator; Zebulon Gordon, Clerk; Joseph Chadbourne,
George Hooper, and Joseph Weller, Jr., Assessors; John
Smith, Treasurer ; Thomas Young, Collector ; Thomas Cluff,
John Smith, Moses Watkins, Jr., Jacob Hooper, Surveyors

 

of Highways. Measures were immediately taken for im-
proving and opening roads, and for the establishment of’
schools. Four shillings a day, in silver currency, were voted
a day’s wages for a man or a yoke of oxen working on the
highways, and £60 lawful money, silver currency, voted
for payment of the assessors’ salaries. The collector was
allowed 9d. on each pound collected. Yor the regulation
of commerce a price was set upon shingles, clapboards, and
staves. At a meeting held May 15th, John Smith and
George Hooper were appointed a committee to settle the
boundaries between the head of Biddeford, Arundel, and
Coxhall, for which they were allowed 4s. a day. Another
town-meeting was held Jan. 3, 1782, to consider the
boundary troubles, when it was voted to defend any persons
residing within the supposed limits of Little Falls Planta-
tion who were distressed, by the constable of Coxhall. For
many years the boundaries were in an unsettled condition,
occasioning frequent and serious disputes, which retarded
the settlements and growth of the town. After the incor-
poration of the town of Limington, in 1792, commissioners
were appointed to adjust the boundaries between the two
towns, but, they failing to agree, the General Court estab-
lished the line June 15, 1803.

By 1790 the population of the town had increased to
607. At an election held October 4th of that year, at the
house of Capt. Peter Page, in voting for member of Con-
gress, George Thacher, of Biddeford, received 13 votes,
and Nathaniel Wells, of Wells, 1 vote.

A movement was soon after started to divide the planta-
tion. A petition signed by Joseph Chadbourne and others
living in the southern part (now Dayton), asking that the
lower part of the plantation be set off and incorporated,
was presented to the General Court of Massachusetts, May
25, 1797. This petition was not granted. Jan. 27, 1798,
the town was incorporated under the name of Phillipsburg,
which name it received in honor of Maj. William Phillips.
At the same time a tract comprising about 2000 acres,
mostly plains, and joining the Little Ossipee ‘River, was
annexed to the town of Limington. At the first town-
meeting, held at the house of Stephen Hopkinson, Sept.
27,1798, Joseph Chadbourne, Esq., was chosen Moderator,
Stephen Hopkinson was elected Town Clerk, and the meet-
ting was adjourned to the dwelling-house of Isaiah Brooks,
where Eben Cleaves, Stephen Hopkinson, and John Smith
were chosen Selectmen and Assessors; James Berry, Col-
lector ; Nathaniel Whittier and Richard Palmer, Constables
and Collectors; Joseph Leland, Treasurer; Caleb Locke,
Joseph Jordan, Daniel Smith, Tithingmen; John Smith,
Elisha Smith, Benj. Haley, Surveyors of Highways ; Dan-
iel Stone, Benj. Warren, Robert Nason, Fence-Viewers ;
Jonathan Drew, Joshua Heard, J oseph Nason, Nathaniel
Smith, Hog-Reeves; Eben Cleaves, Joseph Chadbourne,
Joseph Patterson, Thomas Witson, Moses Atkinson, Sur-
veyors of Lumber; Joseph Patterson, Lot-Layer; Eben
Cleaves, Sealer of “ Wates and Masuers;” Caleb Cook,
Sealer of Leather.

Previous to its incorporation, corn was taken in part
payment of taxes of the plantation. The first vote for
State officers, in 1791, gave “ His Excellency John Han-
cock” 27 votes.
 

a EE =

Res. OrerTHELaTe Ellis B. USHER, ine MAINE.

 

 

 

ost eee os
AIA ee ann nt ‘cnr

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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Res.or THE LATE HON, NATHANIEL J. MILLER eae res KE
TOWN OF HOLLIS. 363

 

The name of the town became a new source of trouble,
because, as the record says, “It was too long to write, and
too hard for the younger ones to pronounce.” Noy. 5,
1810, a meeting of the freeholders was called, and Col.
Isaac Lane, Capt. Eben Cleaves, Maj. James Warren, Jesse
Locke, John Dennett, Elliot Vaughn, and Elisha Hight,
were elected a committee to. select “a shorter and more
appropriate name.” May 6, 1811, the name was changed
from Phillipsburg to Hollis.

On the vote for the separation of Maine from Massa-
chusetts, taken in 1816, the town of Hollis gave 162 votes
for and 6 against separation.

Improvement of highways has received great attention
from the first, and the town now rejoices in good roads.
There has been over $120,000 expended for their repair
during the present century, besides the especial appropri-
ations for building bridges.

The following notice shows the arbitrary power exercised
by freeholders in. the early days of the town:

“To Exsenr. CLEAVES, ONE OF THE CONSTABLES OF PHILLIPSBURG:

“You are, in the name of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts,
Directed to warn and give notice unto John Lane, of the town of fry-
burg, in the County of York, who has lately Come into this town for
the purpose of abiding therein, not having obtained the town Consent
therefor, that he depart the limits thereof with his children and others
under. his Care within fifteen Days; and of this precept, with your
doings thereon, you are to make returns thereon into the office of the
Clerk of the town within twenty days next coming, that such further
proceeding may be had in the premises as the Law direct. Given
under our hands and Seal at Phillipsburg aforesaid, this seventeenth
of May, a.p. 1804.

“Joon DENNET, ) Selectmen of
“Joun Smira, said town.”

Elections were first held at the house of Capt. John
Smith. In 1785 the place of meeting was changed to the
dwelling: of Capt. Peter Page, the Boiling Spring school-
house, and in 1792 to the house of James Patterson and
Stephen Hopkinson. They also were held in the upper
and lower meeting-house alternately, from 1806 to 1816,
when a town-house was built at Salmon Falls.

This was the seat of town government until the erection
of the town of Dayton, in 1854; after which the building
was moved to its present location in the east, near Roulf
Island, on the Saco River.

WATER-POWERS.

Bonny Hagle Falls, seven and three-quarter miles above
Salmon Falls, on Saco River, is a water-power of forty-eight
and one-half feet descent in a distance of half a mile, fur-
nishing 3263 horse-power eleven hours a day, and 1504
horse-power for twenty-four hours, during the most ex-
treme drouth. Good sites for mills and reservoirs exist.
There is a mill on the Hollis side which consumes annually
2,000,000 feet of lumber in the manufacture of headings,
box-shooks, and light wood-work. Moderation Falls, a
mile and a quarter below, with a continuous flow of 420
horse-power, obtained in a fall of fourteen feet in a distance
of thirty-six rods, is utilized by two woolen-factories, saw-
mills with a capacity of cutting 11,000,000 feet of lumber
annually, shingle-mills, heading-machines, a grist- and plas-
ter-mill, and the manufacture of sugar-shooks.

Five miles farther down the river Bar Mills Falls has a

 

descent of eighteen feet in sixty rods, with a total power at
low water of 450 horse, or 1178 for eleven hours. The
ground on either side is naturally favorable for the erection
of mills. There are saw-mills on both sides of the falls,
heading- and sugar-box shook-machines in Hollis, and also
a grist- and plaster-mill. The Portland and Rochester
Railroad, passing near, furnishes an outlet for goods, which
find their chief market through Portland.

The valuable water-power at Salmon Falls, owned by the
Saco Water-Power Company, and controlled by a dam
twenty feet in height at the head of the falls, has a fall of
sixty-two feet in running little more than two hundred rods.
This fall has a force of 1860 horse-power for twenty-four
hours, or 4050 horse-power, equal to 162,000 spindles, for
eleven hours a day, surrounded by good building locations
on either side of the river, and with granite and good
brick-making clay within easy distance. It is now only
occupied by a grist-mill, shingle-mill, and heading-machine.
Besides these, two saw-mills obtain their power from the
outlet of Kellick’s Pond, one on Cook’s Brook, in the
south of the town, and two near its entrance into the Saco,
on a fall of forty feet.

VILLAGES AND HAMLETS.

WEST BUXTON.

West Buxton is finely situated on both sides of the Saco
River, with the main part in Hollis, comprising 92 dwell-
ings, 13 of which have been built since 1872, a church,
school-house, 2 hotels, and the following manufactories and
trades :

Hollis Manufacturing Company: A. Little, President ;
E. Hargraves, Treasurer and Agent. This isa four-set mill,
erected in 1860, and employing 40 to 60 operatives in the
manufacture of flannels and cassimeres.

Wool-carding: J. W. Clark, erected in 1854 by David
Guston and Nathaniel Martin.

Saw- and heading-mills: A. K. P. Lord, established in
1870.

General stores: Edwin A. Hobson, since 1876, estab-
lished by James Moulton in 1870; William H. Smith,
established in 1866.

Millinery: Mrs. B. M. Sprague, established in 1877.

Jewelry: A. H. Barnes, established in 1871.

Hotels: Charles Hobson, established in 1877; Timothy
Tarbox, established in 1854.

Carpenter and builder: M. P. Sawyer, established in
1878.

Blacksmith: Willis Crockett, established in 1872.

There are also two stores unoccupied.

BONNY EAGLE.

Bonny Eagle, a mill-hamlet in the north, contains the
large gang-mills of Isaac L. Came, on the island; general
store of J. M. Hutchinson; saw-, heading-, and box-mill of
Abijah Russell; grocery-store of F. A. Usher; 12 dwell-
ings, and a meeting-house.

HOLLIS.

Hollis, opposite Salmon Falls, comprises the residences
of J. A. Fellows and William Sweat, physicians; store of
364 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

C. C. Leavitt & Son, and 12 other dwellings, half of which
are of brick, and many years old. Mails daily; J. F.

Leavitt, postmaster.
BAR MILLS.

Bar Mills contains 22 dwellings in Hollis, and the gen-
eral merchandise store of Dyer & McKenney, formerly W.
H. Dyer, and the manufactories of C. W. McKenney, lum-
ber; J. F. Warren, thin lumber and shingles; Palmer,
Maddox & Brooks, spool-factory and wood turning. Dr. E.
Bacon was located here in 1871, and Dr. James Haynes in
1877. Hollis Centre Depot, on the Portland and Rochester
Railroad, two miles westward, contains the post-office of
that name; the stores of John B. Wakefield, T. C. Mulvey,
H. B. Hooper, and 20 dwellings within a radius of half a
mile. The mercantile business has grown up since the
opening of the railroad. Postmaster, W. H. Dyer. The
post-office, at the old tavern at North Hollis, was discon-
tinued on the opening of the railroad.

There are also the stores of George E. Burnham, estab-
lished in 1876, near the west line; Horace D. Benson’s
store, established in 1875; and near the town-house is the
store of EK. 8. Guilford, established in 1878.

BURIAL-GROUNDS.

The well-laid-out cemetery on the knoll above the village
of West Buxton covers three and a half acres of land, and
was opened in 1846. Among those buried there are Rev.
Alvin Crockett, Rev. Freeman Chaney, who died in 1843,
Rev. Elery T. Eastman, Thomas Clark, Deacon Joseph
Hobson, who was for many years a prominent and highly
respected citizen of the town, Edward Peabody, M.D., and
Stephen Hill, Esq., who died in 1871, aged eighty-one
years. Bonny Eagle Burying-Ground contains the graves
of James Ridlon, died 1821, aged sixty-eight; Abijah Usher,
died 1736, aged eighty; Capt. David Nason, and the mon-
ument of the Lane family. There are many private burying-
grounds scattered through the town, most of which are on
the oldest settled farms, and many of which contain graves
marked with rough headstones and containing unknown

occupants.
CIVIL LIST.

CLERKS.

Puanration or Lirrie Fatis.—Zebulon Gordon, 1781; Joseph Chad-
bourne, 1782-88; Joseph Patterson, 1789-93; Daniel Granger,
1794; Joseph Chadbourne, 1795; Stephen Hopkinson, 1796-98.

PuiLuirsBurca.—Stephen Hopkinson, 1798; Stephen Hopkinson,
Joseph Jordan, vacancy, 1798-1810; Jesse Locke, 1811.

Houiis.—Peleg F. Groves, 1812; Joseph Jordan, 1813-15; Ellis B.
Usher, 1816-18; Moses Dunn, 1819-29; Jabez Bradbury, 1830-
31; Isaac Merrill, 1832-36; Nathaniel J. Miller, 1837-41; Isaac
Merrill, 1842-45 ; James R. Haley, 1846; Isaac Merrill, 1847-49;
John E. Davis, vacancy, 1849; John E. Davis, 1850; Henry K.
Bradbury, 1851-53; Joseph Warren, 1854; M. D. Lane, 1855;
Robert S. Usher, 1856; Robert E. Eaton, 1857-68; John C, Tib-
betts, 1869; Robert E. Eaton, 1870; Cyrenius Foss, 1871; Mel-
ville B. Smith, 1872; Cyrenius Foss, 1873-76 ; John E. Wakefield,
1877; Melville B. Smith, 1878-79.

PLANTATION ASSESSORS.
1781.—George Hooper, Joseph Weller, Jr., Joseph Chadbourne.
1782.—Zebulon Gordon, Edward Smith, John Smith.
1783.—Jonathan Bean, Edward Smith, Joseph Chadbourne,
1784.—Benjamin Haley, Edward Smith, Joseph Chadbourne.
1786.—Edward Smith, Benjamin Haley, George Hooper.
1787.—George Hooper, Joseph Chadbourne, Edward Smith.

 

1788.—Joseph Patterson, Phinehas Downs, George Hooper.
1789-90.—Joseph Patterson, Phinehas Downs, Daniel Smith.
1791.—Joseph Patterson, Joseph Leland, John Young.
1792.—Joseph Patterson, Phinehas Downs, John Young.
1793.—Joseph Patterson, Seth L. Hamlen, Daniel Granger.
1794.—Daniel Granger, John Young, John Smith.

1795.—Joseph Chadbourne, John Smith, Edward Nason.
1796.—John Smith, Edward Nason, Ebenezer Cleaves.

1797,—Jos. Chadbourne, Esq., Ebenezer Cleaver, Stephen Hopkinson.
1798.—Ebenezer Cleaves, Stephen Hopkinson, John Smith.

TOWN SELECTMEN.

1798.—Eben. Cleaves, Stephen Hopkinson, John Smith.
1799.—Eben. Cleaves, Stephen Hopkinson, John Smith, John Den-
nett.
1800-1.—Eben. Cleaves, John Dennett, Benjamin Warren,
1802.—John Smith, Ebenezer Cleaves, John Dennett. '
1803.—Capt. John Smith, Jonah Dunn, Joseph Chadbourne, Esq.
1804.—Maj. John Smith, Capt. Ebenezer Cleaves, John Dennett.
1805.—Capt. Ebenezer Cleaves, John Dennett, Capt. Abijah Usher.
1806.—Joseph Smith, John Dennett, Maj. John Smith.
1807.—Joseph Smith (2d), John Dennett, Col. John Smith.
1808,.—Joseph Smith, John Dennett, Abijah Usher.
1809.—Joseph Smith, John Dennett, John Smith.
1810.—Joseph Smith, John Dennett, Abijah Usher, Esq.
1811.—Joseph Smith, John Dennett, John Smith.
1812.—John Dennett, John Smith, Esq., Joseph Smith.
1813-15.—Nathaniel Dunn, John Dennett, Joseph Ridlon.
1816.—Jesse Locke, Esq., John Dennett, Col. John Smith.
1817.—Col. John Smith, John Dennett, Lieut. Stephen Hopkinson.
1818.—Col. John Smith, Jesse Locke, Lieut. Stephen Hopkinson.
1819.—Col. John Smith, Lieut. Stephen Hopkinson, Capt. John
Gould.
1820-24.—Benjamin Warren, Stephen Hopkinson, Joseph Smith (2d).
1825.—Dr. Samuel G. Hight, Benjamin Warren, Joseph Ridlon.
1826.—Stephen Hopkins, Benjamin Warren, Samuel Hobson.
1827.—Stephen Hopkinson, Jabez Bradbury, Samuel Hobson.
1828-29.—Joseph Smith (2d), Jabez Bradbury, Samuel Hobson.
1830.—Stephen Hopkinson, Capt. Samuel Bradbury, Moses Sweat.
1831.—Stephen Hopkinson, Benjamin Warren, Moses Sweat.
1832-33.—Stephen Hopkinson, Joshua Emery, Jr., Samuel Hobson.
1834.—Abraham Haley, Joshua Emery, Jr., Samuel Hobson.
1835-36.—Abraham Haley, Joseph Haley (3d), Moses Sweat.
1837-38.—Thomas Carll, Joseph Warren, William Hobson.
1839-40.—Jobhn S. Murch, Joseph Warren, Abijah Usher.
1841.—Nathaniel Whittier, Joseph Warren, Samuel Hobson.
1842-43,—Moses Sweat, Abraham Haley, John M. Goodwin.
1844-47.—Daniel Hill (2d), James Warren, James Ridlon.
1848.—James H. Ridlon, James Warren, Zebulon G. Staples.
1849-51.—Zebulon G. Staples, Stephen P. Lane, J oseph McDaniel.
1852.—Remick Cole, Joseph McDaniel, Stephen P. Lane.
1853.—Remick Cole, Joseph McDaniel, Abijah Usher.
1854.—Zebulon G. Staples, Stephen Warren, Abijah Usher, Joseph
Warren (vacancy).
1855.—Joseph Warren, Abijah Usher, Stephen Warren.
1856.—Thomas Carll, Samuel D. Smith, Philip Chadbourne.
1857.—Sylvanus Knights, Samuel D. Smith, Philip Chadbourne.
1858-61.—James Warren, Samuel D. Smith, John Sawyer.
1862-64.—Joseph MeDaniel, William Palmer, Henry A. Usher.
1865.—James Warren, Cyrenius Foss, John Sawyer.
1866-68.—James Warren, Cyrenius Foss, Oliver Tracy.
1869.—George Littlefield, Samuel D. Smith, James Meserve.
1870.—Calvin Roberts, Cyrenius Foss, William Jewett.
1871.—Calvin Roberts, William S. Moulton, William Jewett.
1872.—Seth Warren, Frederick P. Johnson, Jacob Townsend.
1873.—Calvin Roberts, William S. Moulton, William Jewett.
1874-75.—Calvin Roberts, William 8. Moulton, William H. Smith.
1876.—William H. Smith, F. A. Sweat, James G. Wakefield.
1877.—Calvin Roberts, Cyrenius Foss, Frank A. Sweat.
1878.—William §. Moulton, C. F. Clark, Charles E. Randall.
1879.—C. F, Clark, Charles E. Randall, A. L. Pennell.

 

* John Dennett was elected to vacancy of Stephen Hopkinson, who
moved out of town.
AxBisAH USHER was born in the town of Hollis,
York Co., Me., Feb. 2, 1813, the eldest son of
Abijah and Susan Usher. His
Dec. 22, 1788; died Feb. 11, 1841.
Susan Nason, was born Jan. 22, 1790 (now living).

They had ten children, viz.: Susan D., born Feb.
25, 1811, died Oct. 10, 1855; Abijah, born Feb. 2,
1813; Cyrus K., born March 25, 1816, died March
11, 1842; Sarah E., born March 10, 1818; Ellis
B., born Dec. 26, 1819; Mary Ann K., born Nov.
11, 1821; Emily C., born Feb. 22, 1824, died
March 20, 1852; Henry A., born Sept. 9, 1826,
died April 8, 1872; Dorcas M., born March 23,
1829; Napoleon B., born June 6, 1832, died Feb.
9, 1833.

Abijah Usher has always lived on the place where

father was born

His mother,

he was born; has carried on lumbering in connec-
tion with his farming interest. Received a common-
Has

been three times married. His first wife was Sarah

school education. In politics a Republican.

 

 

Photo. by Conant, Portland.

A. Bradley, daughter of David A. and Betsey
(Gordon) Bradley. Mrs. Usher was born in Frye-
burg, Me., Feb. 13, 1825.
9, 1845. Their children are Cyrus F., born Sept.
15, 1846, died Jan. 15, 1849; Frederick A., born
Jan. 17, 1849; Ella E., born July 2, 1851, died
Aug. 27, 1866; Edwin F., born May 27, 1854,
died Sept. 12, 1854. Mrs. Usher died Aug. 6,
1854.

His second wife was Mary S., widow of Mr.

Moody, and daughter of Asa and Abigail (Small)

They were married Oct.

Boothby, of Limington, Me., to whom he was mar-
ried Feb. 6, 1859. She was born Dec. 25, 1817,
died March 9, 1869. By her he had one child, viz. :
Preston M., born Jan. 4, 1861. His third wife was
Mrs. Abbie J. Rowell, daughter of Libbeus Bray
and Katharine Stewart, of Minot, Me. She was
born Dec, 22, 1828. They were married June 6,
1870. They have one child, Howard Stanton, born

July 8, 1871.
TOWN OF HOLLIS. 365

 

CHURCHES.

In 1802 it was voted in March town-meeting to build
two meeting-houses,—one in the north or upper part of the
town, which was built in the field back of school-house No.
4 by Joseph Jordon, Joseph Linscott, Samuel Bradbury,
Abijah Usher, Capt. John Smith, Joshua Warren, Jr., and
Daniel Smith, committee; and the other in the lower part
of the town, near Boiling Spring, now Dayton. April 18th
it was voted to have preaching, and Elder Timothy Hods-
don was hired to preach, for $200 a year, which he did,
alternating between the two houses until his death, in 1825.
The church was organized by letter from the Buxton
Church, with 25 members, Aug. 20, 1805. In 1806 the
town appropriated $500 to build a parsonage. The church
had occasional preaching until 1832, when John Hubbard,
a licentiate, began to preach, and was ordained Oct. 9th of
that year. The church continued to increase until 1835,
when he left, and it gradually declined with the death or
removal of its members. It became extinct previous to
1870.

METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH.

The first Methodist of Hollis was Daniel Mason, who
polled off to the Scarborough Church in 1809. Among
the earliest preachers was Rev. Mr. Lewis, who formed the
church in Lyman and Coxhall, now Limington. Feb. 19,
1813, the following persons “ polled off” from the parish,
and were recorded on the town records in compliance with
the law, thereby relieving themselves of the support of any
other church than their own: Caleb Locke, Jr., Simon
Plaistead, Amos Mason, Charles Clark, Robert Cleaves,
Andrew Gordon, Thomas Wadlin, Joseph Chadbourne,
Roger Edgecomb, Widow Locke, Capt. Daniel Dow, Thomas
Locke, Hezekiah Goodwin, and Silas Ward. Committee,
John Clark, Joseph and William Wadkin. A fine church
was built at West Buxton in 1840. The church had 62
members in 1871. No early records kept by the church
are known to exist, but the above is a part of the public
records of the town.

FREE-WILL BAPTIST CHURCH.

The Provisional Baptist Church, as it was first sometimes
called, existed in Waterborough in 1863, and contained
members residing in Hollis. Elisha Smith, Elisha Smith,
Jr., and Joshua Warren were certified on the town records
of that year as being members, and Elder Peliah Tingley
stated at the same time that “John Frowarthy, Danie]
Townsend, John Young, Hezekiah Young, and Dominicus
Smith had for several years belonged to our church.”

The First Free- Will Baptist Society of Hollis was formed
at a meeting held March 21,1815. John Smith, son of
Elisha Smith, was chosen Moderator; Benjamin Warren,
Clerk ; and Elder Humphrey Goodwin, Daniel Smith (3d),
and Nathaniel Kimball, Committee to attend to the legal
requirements. Elder Humphrey Goodwin was chosen pas-
tor. There were 22 members, including Canell Tarbox,
James Smith, Joseph Linscott, Amos Mason, Moses Good-
win, Nathaniel Kimball, and others.

Meetings were held in the school-house near the eastern
church until a house of worship was erected, in 1834-35,

 

Elder Goodwin continued to preach until his death,
Oct. 3, 1838. Preaching was held occasionally for several
years, when Rev. Lewis T. Witham and Elder Perkins
Smith succeeded. Elder Smith was succeeded by Rev.
Edwin Brown, the present pastor, in 1879, after a pastorate
of fifteen years. Revs. A. Hobson, James and M. Hods-
don, N. Foss, T. Kennison, and Mr. Daniels have also
preached here. Membership, 70.

BUZZELL CHURCH OF FREE-WILL BAPTISTS.

A division having occurred over doctrinal matters, a part
of the church became followers of the doctrine of Elder
Jeremiah Bullock, of Limington, in 1836, and as a result
two churches were established, and two houses of worship,
a little over a mile apart, were erected by the different fac-
tions about the same time. Rev. Mr. Goodwin preached
to this body until his death, after which Elder Bullock and
his wife preached to the society, which was also visited at
intervals by Miss Almira Wescott until Elder Benjamin
Hawkins became their pastor, and was succeeded by Revs.
Luther Berry and Samuel Boothby, to 1862. David House
has since supplied the pulpit. Membership, 85. Daniel
Hanson, Ezekiel Deering, Deacons; Melville B. Smith,
Clerk.

THE CHRISTIAN CHURCH OF HOLLIS

was organized as the Buxton and Hollis Christian Church
at West Buxton, in the spring of 1850, by Elder Alvin
Crockett, who continued to act as pastor until his death, in
1851. The first officers were Nicholas Nason and James
Moulton, Deacons; EH. T. Hastman, Clerk. Benjamin Clark
and wife and the wives of the above mentioned were among
the first members. Rev. Isaiah Haley succeeded Hlder
Crockett, and was pastor for many years. Since his death
the pulpit has been supplied by various ministers of that
church, until the church, which had diminished in num-
bers, united with the Methodist Church, in 1876, in hold-
ing joint worship in the Christian meeting-house in West
Buxton. Meetings were held in the school-house until
1860, when a fine church was erected on the high land over-
looking the village, and dedicated by Rev. Charles C.
Goodwin, pastor of the Christian Church of York.

SECOND ADVENT CHURCH.

The Advent Church of Hollis was organized in the
Bonny Eagle school-house, July 19, 1868, by Rev. Thomas
P. S. Hampton, with 14 members. Joseph Smith and
Thomas J. Rumery were chosen elders, Orin Davis and
Joseph Ridlon deacons, Susan Davis and Susan Ridlon
deaconesses. A meeting-house was immediately erected at
the end of Bonny Eagle Island bridge, and dedicated by
Rev. Messrs. Mitchell and Hampson. Mr. Hampson con-
tinued to preach for some years, and the church has since
been supplied until the present time by Revs. Peter Libby,
Alonzo Davis, who was ordained here, and Rev. Jesse Gay.

SCHOOLS.

The schools of the town have always received a liberal
share of public attention and funds. From $200 in 1799,
the appropriations have increased to $400 in 1802 ; $500
366 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

in 1806; $600 in 1813; $700 in 1820; $800 in 1825;
$1000 in 1830, with nine classes or districts; and $1500.
in 1850.

Superintendent of schools for 1879, B. F. Randall.

REPRESENTATIVES TO THE GENERAL COURT
OF MASSACHUSETTS.

Maj. John Smith, 1804-6; Joseph Atkinson, 1807; Col. John Smith,
1808; Abijah Usher, Esq., 1809-10; Col. Isaac Lane, 1811; Col.
John Smith, 1812; Rev. Timothy Hodsdon, 1813-14; Col. John
Smith, 1815; Col. John Smith, Jesse Locke, Hsq., 1816; none,
1817-18; John Dennett, Col. John Smith, 1819; John Dennett,
1820; Abijah Usher, 1821; Stephen Hopkinson, 1822; Col. John
Smith, 1824.

PHYSICIANS.
Samuel C. Knight, M.D.,1819 ; Samuel C. Knight, 1822;

William Swett, 1824-35; J.-A. Fellows, 1879; Samuel
Swett, 1879.

MILITARY.
THE WAR OF 1812.

This town responded nobly both in men and means for
the war of 1812. A number of men were sent to Kittery
and other points along the coast in that year. In 1814
the town voted to pay all men drafted enough to make up
their wages to $14 a month.

THE REVOLUTION,

George Hooper and John Smith were committee to enlist
soldiers in 1781.

 

BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES.

HON. ELLIS B. USHER

was born in Medford, Mass., Nov. 7, 1785, the eldest child
of Abijah and Mary (Wells) Usher. His progenitor was
Robert Usher, who, with his brother Hezekiah, came from
England, the former settling in Stamford, Conn., the latter
in Boston, Mass. The line of descent is as follows: Robert
Usher married Elizabeth, widow of Jeremy Jagger. Their
son Robert, of Dunstable, Mass., married Sarah, daughter
of John Blanchard; their eldest son, John, born May 31,
1696, by his wife, Hannah, had nine children; Robert,
born April 9, 1730, their second son, of Merrimack, N. H.,
married Sarah Stearns, of Bedford; nine children; he
died Oct. 13,1793. Abijah, born Feb. 15, 1757, of Med-
ford, Mass., was twice married ; by his first wife, Mary, he
had three children, viz., Ellis B., Abijah, and Mary; by his
second wife, Rebecca Kidder, he had five children, viz.,
Samuel, James Madison, Drusilla, James Madison (2d), and
Robert S. The latter is the only one of the children living
at this date (1879). At an early age Ellis B. lost his
mother, and he lived for a number of years thereafter with
his grandmother Wells in Medford. His father, failing in
business, gave to each of his sons—Ellis B. and Abijah—a
horse; and at the age of twelve and ten respectively they
came on horseback to seek their fortunes in Hollis. Ellis
B. worked by the month, at $5 per month, for Col. Isaac
Lane and the Rev. Paul Coffin, sending half of his earn-
ings to his father. Ata later date he was clerk in the

 

store of Paul Coffin, son of Rev. Paul Coffin, at Buxton.
Still later he was clerk in the office of the register of deeds,
at Alfred. At about the age of nineteen, by savings from
his earnings, he purchased a farm in North Hollis, and
gave it to his father, which is still in possession of a de-
scendant of the family. He also purchased an interest in
a saw-mill, at Buxton, of Capt. Joseph Woodman, and in
connection with that interest carried on a store. He was
prospered in his enterprises, and continued to enlarge his
business until the year 1814, when bya heavy flood in the
Saco River, besides carrying away his mills and dams,
$5000 worth of logs not paid for were swept away, which
left him to that extent worth less than nothing. But

| with that indomitable energy which was one of his promi-

nent characteristics, backed by a credit which had become
well established, he went forward, and replaced, on a larger
scale, his mills, and thereafter, to the time of his death,
continued his lumbering and mercantile interests at Hollis,
becoming, if not the largest, one of the heaviest, operators
ou the Saco River. He became largely interested in timber-
lands, chiefly in Maine and New Hampshire. During the
reverses of 1835 and ’36, Mr. Usher became embarrassed
in consequence of his connection with the ‘‘ Hastern Land
Speculation.” An extension of five years was granted
him by a vote of his creditors, and eventually, besides
paying his own debts, dollar for dollar, also paid $80,000
of endorsed paper. At the time of his death, which oc-
curred May 21, 1855, he was possessed of a large estate.
In his business career Mr. Usher furnished a marked
example of what may be accomplished by hard work,
coupled with an intelligent application of means to ends.
With the exception of attendance at the common school in
Medford, and possibly a term at an academy after coming
to Hollis, Mr. Usher may be said to have “ picked up”
his education. He was always a great reader, and became
familiar with the standard works of literature, well versed in
the Sacred Scriptures, and kept well posted in the current
news of the day. He took an active interest in political ques-
tions, hut was so occupied with the conduct of his business
enterprises as not to seek or desire public office. He was,
however, a member of the General Court of Massachusetts
at the time of the separation of Maine from the common-
wealth of that State. He was also at one time a member of
the Maine Senate. In politics he was a Whig and a Re-
publican ; in religious sentiment, liberal. As a neighbor,
he was sympathetic, kind-hearted, and liberal; in his
family, genial and indulgent. He was especially fond of
children and young people.

Mr. Usher was twice married. His first wife was Re-
becca Randall, daughter of Capt. Benjamin Randall, of
Cape Elizabeth, to whom he was married Nov. 22, 1812.
Mrs. Usher was born March 31,1792. By her he had
three children, viz., Henry E., born Feb. 14, 1814, died
April 27, 1827; Benjamin J. R., born Dec. 25, 1815,
died Dec. 23, 1816; and Sarah Ellen, born Oct. 20, 1817.
The latter was twice married. Her first husband was Hor-
ace Sands, to whom she was married Aug. 2, 1836. Mr.
Sands died Jan 24, 1837. She was again married Oct. 6,
1841, to Dr. Elbridge Bacon, of Portland. Mrs. Usher
died June 4,1819. Mr. Usher married, Nov. 26, 1820,
~

\

\

\

NY

 

es
 
TOWN OF SANFORD. 367

 

Hannah Lane, step-sister of his first wife, and daughter of
Col. Isaac Lane, of Hollis. Her grandfather was Capt.
Daniel Lane, who, with his brothers John and J abez, were
officers in the Revolutionary war, and were early settlers in
the towns of Hollisand Buxton. John Lane was one of the
party of “Indians” who threw overboard the tea in Boston
harbor. Her father, Isaac Lane, ran away from home, and
Joined his father while in service in the war of the Revolu-
tion. He was not sent back, but served during the war as
servant of his father. He was a colonel in the war of 1812.
The Lanes have not inaptly been called the military family
of Buxton.

Mrs. Usher was born Jan. 1, 1795. Their children are
Rebecca R., born Aug. 31, 1821; Martha Hooper, born
May 1, 1823, married, Sept. 27, 1848, to Dr. Joseph G.
Osgood (the latter died Feb. 28, 1849); Isaac Lane, born
May 12, 1825, living in La Crosse, Wis. ; Jane Maria, born
Dec. 1, 1828, died Aug. 5, 1832; Hannah, born Sept. 1,
1831, died Aug. 21, 1832; Mary, born July 21, 1833,
died Aug. 8, 1833; Jane Maria, born Oct. 12, 1836, mar-
ried Nathan Webb, of Portland, June 17, 1867.

With mind unimpaired, with scarcely a gray hair, taking
a lively interest in all current events, surrounded with all
the comforts of a well-furnished home, and receiving the
loving attentions of devoted daughters, Mrs. Usher has
just (Jan. 1, 1880) celebrated her eighty-fifth birthday.

HON. NATHANIEL J. MILLER

was born in the town of Cape Elizabeth, Cumberland Co.,
Me., Nov. 5, 1801, the second child of four children of
James and Rebecca (Jones) Miller. The father and mother
were natives of Cape Elizabeth. His father was a sea-cap-
tain by occupation, and died and was buried at sea at the

 

age of thirty-three. His mother was the daughter of Dr.
Nathaniel Jones, who was a surgeon in the war of the Rev-
olution, and died, while in the service, of fatigue.

Nathaniel J. Miller came, at an early period, to Bar
Mills, town of Hollis, and at the age of twenty-one en-
gaged in the manufacture of lumber, carrying on a mer-
cantile business in connection therewith. He continued in
business here up to the year 1853. He then moved to
Portland, where, up to the time of his death, which oc-
curred Nov. 5, 1869, he engaged in the lumber commission
business. In politics he was identified with the Whig and
Republican parties, and was a firm and active supporter of
their principles. While living in Hollis he was representa-
tive to the Legislature in 1838, 1839, and 1840. He also
held a number of its town offices.

During his residence in Portland he was for several
years a member of the city government, a representative to
the Legislature in 1858, member of the Senate in 1861, and
was appointed collector of internal revenue under President
Lincoln for the First District of Maine, which position he
held up to March 29, 1869, when he resigned on account
of ill health. He was one of the first officers of the First
National Bank of Portland. He was married, March 30,
1823, to Mary Woodman, daughter of Paul and Hannah
Woodman. Mrs. Miller was born in Hollis, July 12, 1802.
She survives him, and resides with two of her daughters
at the old homestead in Hollis. They have had eight
children, four of whom are living.

Prompt and energetic in the prosecution of all his busi-
ness enterprises, conscientious and efficient in the discharge
of his duties in all public positions to which he was called,
thoroughly devoted to his family, a kind and obliging neigh-
bor, a steadfast friend, Mr. Miller well deserved the respect
and esteem in which he was held in the communities where
he lived.

 

SANFORD. |

 

GENERAL DESCRIPTION.

THE town of Sanford contains an area of 17,920 acres,
16,000 of which are improved. It was incorporated in
1768 with 27,000 acres, and extended as far east as the
western line of Lyman and to the Saco River. That part
of the town remaining in 1794 to the east of Hayes Brook,
was incorporated, February 4th of that year, under the name
of Alfred, as a district, but was represented in town affairs
until it became a separate town in 1808. Sanford is
bounded on the north by Shapleigh, on the east by Alfred,
on the south by Kennebunk, Wells, and North Berwick,
and on the west by Lebanon. The surface is broken in the
north; in the south it consists mostly of plains. The soil
on the ridges is deep and fertile, producing good crops of

 

corn, oats, hay, and apples; that of the plains is sandy,
open, and less fertile. There are within the town Deering,
Curtis, Fish, Sand, Duck, Hel, and Old Ponds; and on the
western boundary, Bonny Beag Pond. The location was
formerly called by the Indians Mousam, which name still
attaches to the main stream which flows through the town,
affording seventeen fine mill powers.

The present town of Sanford is a part of the tract bought
by Maj. William Phillips from the sagamore Fluellen in
1661. This tract of land, which was equal to eight miles
square, was divided to form the towns of Sanford, Alfred,
and Waterborough. One-half, known as “the nineteen
thousand acres,” Maj. Phillips divided in 1676 among the
following persons: Samuel, his oldest, and William, his
368 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

youngest son; Mary Field, Martha Thurston, Rebecca Lord,
Elizabeth Alden, and Sarah Turner, his daughters; Zachary
Gillum, Robert Lord, of London, mariner, and Ephraim
Turner, his sons-in-law; Elephel Stratton, Peleg, John, and
Elisha Sanford, his wife’s children by a former marriage ;
John Jolliffe, John Woodman, Elisha Hutchinson, Theo-
dore Atkinson, and William Hudson, all of Boston ; to each
1000 acres. This portion of the Fluellen tract was de-
signed by Maj. Phillips to be settled as a township by his
children, but owing to the wars it was not taken up until
the following century, when it was settled under the name
of Phillipstown. The original body, which was covered by
several quit-claim deeds from Capt. Sunday, Hobinowell,
and Fluellen, Indian sagamores, extended from Salmon
Falls, on the Saco River, to Berwick and Lebanon, and
from the rear line of Wells, exclusive of Lyman, so far
back as to embrace about four townships of the usual size.
These are now Sanford, Alfred, Waterborough, and a part
of Hollis and Limington. The purchase, with revised
bounds, was confirmed in 1670 to the grantee or his son,
Nathaniel Phillips, of Saco. Mrs. Phillips devised by will,
Sept. 29, 1696, to Peleg Sanford what Maj. Phillips had
given her, and this was included in the town of Sanford
when incorporated in 1768.*

The town of Sanford was formerly a great timber coun-
try, and even now has some excellent pine and oak lumber.
Many large masts used to be hauled from here to Ports-
mouth, N. H. Masts to refit the French fleet were taken
from this town. Nowhere in the State have larger trees
grown than those cut on the lot west of Deering’s Pond.
Stumps of immense size are still to be seen. It was settled
many years before the inhabitants attached any importance
to the soil. The lands, though poor in the valleys, were
covered with a dense growth of valuable white pine, which
encouraged the first settlers to come and work in felling the
trees or working them up into shingles and staves. The
first settlers were extremely poor. Their cabins were rudely
constructed of logs, the single room floored with split pun-
cheons of short length, and roofed by laying pieces similar
to light barrel-staves, two courses at a time, and then
weighting them down with heavy poles laid upon the roof.
Here they lived, and when needy made a few bunches of
shingles, which were hauled to Kennebunk Landing, or sold
and a team from there sent after them, for they had no
teams. The only tools were an axe, a saw, an auger with-
out any “tworl” to raise the chips, an iron wedge, a drawing-
knife, and perhaps a crowbar. The main furniture consisted
of a spinning-wheel, a large chest, a few iron pots, a brass
kettle, and a crane to hang in the fireplace.

The town was surveyed in 1735, and settlement com-
menced about 1740. It is reported, traditionally, that a
Mr. Parsons, who located on Lyon Hill, was the first settler.

Samuel Willard was one of the first settlers. He bought
a tract of pine-timber land, and built a mill, where his de-
scendants still live, near South Sanford. Four of those
trees, remaining, were sold, not many years ago, for $1200
by his grandson.

 

* The heirs of William Phillips were assessed for tax on 20,000
acres of this land within the plantation of Little Falls in 1788.

 

In 1745, Capt. David Morrison, of Wells, bought the
lot containing the two mill-privileges above Springvale,
erected the first log house at Morrison Corner, and built a
saw-mill. The heaviest piece of machinery was the iron
crank. This he hired two negroes, named Czesar and Sharp,
slaves owned by Col. Wentworth, of Berwick, to haul to
the mill, on a hand-sled, a distance of seventeen miles.
There was an iron-works built in the vicinity afterwards to
smelt ores found near by, but abandoned for want of success.
With the building of mills, families came in to cut and
handle the lumber.

Among the earliest records of settlement occur the follow-
ing births, all within the town of Sanford, as then bounded:
Tabitha, daughter of William Bennett, born Sept. 18,
1761; James, son of James Gave, born July 4, 1762; James,
son of Sampson Johnson, born Aug. 25, 1762; and Olive,
daughter of Edward: Harmon, born March 21, 1762.

The first marriage recorded is that of John Giles to
Hannah Russell, by Rev. Pelatiah Tingley, April 25, 1774.

Phinehas Thompson and Samuel Willard were here
in 1765, Walter Powers in 1768, Nathaniel Bennett and
Thomas Rogers in 1771, and previous to 1774, Rev.
Pelatiah Tingley, John Linscott, Eliphalet Taylor, Stephen
Gowen, Joel Moulton, William Tripe, Eleazer Chadbourne,
Bleazer Hall, Stephen Coffin, Daniel Barston, Moses Pate,
Elisha Smith, Caleb Emery, Enoch Hall.

In 1777 there were living within the town John White,
Joseph Taylor, Benj. Norton, Samuel Friend, Jonathan
Adams, James Work, Edward Stanley, Jeremiah Kastman,
David Stevens, John Pugsley, Enoch Hall, and Thomas R.
Willard.

A large number of the first settlers were connected by
marriage previous to coming, so that by 1780 nearly all
those who had been within the town fifteen years were in
some way related,

Ezekiel Gowen, one of the earliest settlers, was a large
landholder, and an early owner of the mill-power at San-
ford Corner; his residence was half a mile to the north.
James, son of Stephen Gowen, died here in 1775. It is
reasonable to believe that the first permanent settlers came
about 1761, after the close of hostilities, which had driven
out all the first occupants spoken of as being in the town
in 1740. A lot 176 rods square, and occupying the site of
Springvale, was surveyed for William Frost, by Robert
Hussey, in 1787. Like most of the early surveys, with
the allowance for slack of chain, water, or other defects of
surface, it vastly overran the limits described. Acres were
liberally dealt out from the first survey to the final lottings.

A pile of tow or unbeaten flax was a part of the visible
effects of every mover. The bedstead stood upon one leg,
and was framed of rough poles into the corner of the single
room, or the pallet lay upon the floor of the loft, reached
by use of foot-pieces attached to the wall. Wooden hooks,
or broad antlers over the fireplace, held a gun and its accou-
trements for each male adult, to secure game for the table
or protect the occupants from the dangers of the forest.
A great portion of the lower farming-lands were flooded
by beaver-dams, and many ponds existed which have long
since disappeared. Although beavers were so plenty, they
were uncaught, and for many years a beaver-skin would
 

Photo. by Conant, Portland.

WILLIAM EMERY

was born in Sanford, York Co., Me., in 1791.
In early youth he had all the advantages of the
common school of his time, and made the best use
of his opportunities. Having a remarkable mem-

ory, and an ardent thirst for knowledge, he became

thoroughly versed in the history and biographies of

ancient and modern times; and the habits of rea-
soning and research, formed in youth, were continued
to near the close of his life.

Between the ages of eighteen and twenty-one
years, he made several voyages to sea as a common
sailor, then as first mate, in which capacity he showed
such knowledge of practical navigation that he was
appointed captain of the ship for the next voyage.
But the “embargo” of 1812 detained him on the
land and changed all his plans and prospects for life,
At this juncture, and as an inducement for his re-
maining at home, he received from his grandfather,
Col. Caleb Emery, a valuable farm in South San-
ford, on which he lived several years, an industrious
and successful farmer. During these years of active
and often severe toil he engaged very little in
public affairs, but he found leisure for much reading
and general mental improvement.

Occasionally he applied his nautical skill in cor-

recting the old boundary lines of his farm and
woodlands, and in surveying his neighbor’s fields,
and in one emergency he accepted the office of
school-master, and taught, with great success, a
district school in Sanford, which other teachers had
failed to govern.

For twelve years he was a deputy sheriff in the
county of York, and then commenced trade at San-
ford Corner and Springvale, and was for many
years an active merchant. He was a member of
the Congregational Church, and with a few others
built the old Congregational meeting- house at San-

ford Corner.

In politics he was a Whig and Republican. He
was a member of the Masonic fraternity. He died

at Sanford Nov. 27, 1877.

him, viz.: Caleb, for thirty years principal of the

Six children survive

high school at Charlestown, Mass., and still occu-
pying that position; Elizabeth, wife of Timothy
Shaw, of Biddeford; William, attorney and coun-
seller at law, and now (1879) county attorney of
York County; Titus 8., a merchant in Philadel-
phia; Edward H., a farmer in Kansas ; and Charles
O., a deputy sheriff of York County, now living on
the homestead at Sanford Corner.
TOWN OF SANFORD. 369

 

pay for a month’s work. <A scrubby breed of red cattle
were reared in the woods and upon the natural meadows
_ for their beef, which found a ready market in Boston. For
their winter food, the coarse natural grass was cut and
stacked near the dwelling, and when acorns were fallen the
whole families would go to the woods and pick them up for
their cattle and hogs. Roads were “made,” but a made
road in those days meant a passageway opened wide enough
for a cart to pass through, and “ recorded” for public pos-
session. Holes were filled with limbs and rotten wood. A
day’s drive of ten miles with a load was a doubtful journey.
Tea was enjoyed perhaps once a month, on the return from
the coast, but no family was so poor as not to have their
“daily rum.
INCORPORATION.

The town of Sanford was incorporated Feb. 23, 1768.
The record of that year was lost years ago, with the first
pages from the poorly-bound record-book.

The second annual town-meeting was held March 22,
1769. Benjamin Harmon, Esq., was elected moderator of

the meeting; Samuel Willard, Town Clerk; Jonathan

Johnson, William Bennett, Samuel Willard, Selectmen and
Assessors; James Gerry, Constable; Benjamin Harmon,
Tithingman ; Nathan Bennett, Surveyor of Highways in
the town, and Simon Coffin in that part of the town called
Massabesic ;* Moses Tibbetts, Fence-Viewer and Field-
Driver; John Thompson, Hog-Reeve; Michael Brown,
Deer-Informer ; Joshua Hazleton, Sealer of Leather ; Daniel
Gile, Nephtali Harmon, Wardens; Samuel Willard, John
Chadbourne, Surveyors of all kinds of Lumber. William
Bennett was the first constable. It was voted at this election
that “he deliver up the warrant and tax bill for 1768.”
It was also voted “that hogs go at large, except they do
mischief.” The meeting was then adjourned to the dwell-
ing-house of Samuel Willard, Esq.

Fifty pounds were assessed for town charges. The next
year it was voted to hire a minister to preach the gospel
three months. William Bennett, Ephraim Low, and Jona-
than Johnson were made a committee for that purpose.

A committee was appointed to fix the school-house com-
‘fortable. William Bennett was chosen the first grand juror
in 1773. Caleb Emery was the first justice of the peace.
In 1773, £20 were voted for school and £10 for an ortho-
dox minister. Non-resident lands were taxed to build a
meeting-house.

A 50-ton vessel was built in the south part of the town
by Paul Shackford, about 1770, and hauled to tide-water
in the winter. Brig.-Gen. Jeremiah Moulton built the first

bridge across the Mousam River, the first mill above the
Morrison mill at Sanford village, and the iron-works between
the two bridges south. He also planted the first 40 acres
of corn in Sanford. The ore for this iron-works was ob-
tained from Beaver Hill. Chadbourne’s mill was first built
by two young men, who built a hut, and lived nearly alone.
Deacon Stephen Dorman found their mill-stones in an

 

* Massabesic was afterwards incorporated as Waterborough. It
took-its name ‘from an Indian woman who lived beside the pond
which still bears her name. The jurisdiction of the town of Sanford
extended over the entire Phillips tract until the several towns in-
cluded in the grant were separately incorporated.

47

 

abandoned cellar, about 1840; they were fitted into each
other like two saucers, and could be turned by hand, by a
wooden pin fixed in the upper stone, which was quite thin.

The Province mill was built on the site of the present
grist-mill at Springvale, before the Morrison mill was built,
and was the highest mill on the stream. Previous to the
erection of the print-works Springvale was known as “ Pro-
vince Mill.”

The following document shows the manner in which those
early mills were usually managed :

“This indenture witnesseth, that John Stanyon, Simon Hobbs,
and Samuel Moody, of Sanford, in the county of York, and Thomas
Morrill, of Berwick, in the above sd county, have settled all the ac-
counts for a mill above Sanford, on the Province land, and the sd John
Stanyon owns Eight Days in twenty-and-four days, or one-third
part. Simon Hobbs owns seven Days in the twenty-four days, which
is his part of sd mill; and Samuel Moody owns one-eight part, which
is three days in twenty-four days, which is his part of sd mill; and
Thomas Morrill, above sd, owns six days in twenty-four Days, which
is his part of the above sd mill,—and, likewise, the above sd owners
all being present this day, and settled all the accounts for sd mill, and
balanced the same by a justing all our accounts.

“As witness our hands and seals this 30 day of January, 1774, in
the Eleventh year of the Reign of King George the third, a. p. 1774.

“Tuomas Morre.u. [Seal]
“Simon Hopss. [Seal]
“SAMUEL Moopy. [Seal]
“Joun STANYON. [Seal]

“Signed,—sealed in presents of us:
“JosrrH Lewis.
s “THOMAS CHASE.”

“Samuel Moody begins his turn in the above sd mill the 31 day of
January, 1774, Thomas Morrill begins his turn the Eleventh day of
February, 1774, Simon Hobbs begins his turn the twentieth day of
February, 1774.” (Signed by all, and dated Jan. 30, 1774.)

“ Agreed toward fixing the mill at three shillings four pence pr. day
and accoumpts to be settled every six months.” (Again signed.)

Two town pounds were built in 1774. Moses Tibbetts
donated the land,.and offered to be pound-keeper of one;
the other was built in that part of the town called Massa-
besic, ‘by Moses Stevens’ barn,” in Waterborough.

In 1777 the main road was laid out from the “ cart path”
past Joshua Chadbourne’s to the road leading to the iron-
works, and northeast across the Mousam River past the
farms of Joshua Batcheler, William Tripe, William Gowen,
John Waterhouse, through the undivided land to the place
of Ephraim Low, Jr. The lines were at that time so vague
and indistinct that much annoyance was felt about the
assessment and collection of taxes. A meeting was called
to adjust disputes in the fall, and Joshua Stimpson and
David Lowell, Esq., were chosen a committee on the part of
this town “to endeavor to procure an appeal or discontinu-
ance of the incorporation of Coxhall (Lyman) so far as it
interferes with Sanford,” by presenting the matter to the
General Court. The first record of general election gives
14 votes in 1780,—all for Governor Hancock. The vote
was 37 in 1795.

In 1782 it was proposed to divide the two parishes. This
resulted in the incorporation of the district of Alfred from
the North Parish, Feb. 4, 1794. Massabesic was taken off,
and incorporated as a separate town, under the name of
Waterborough, March 6, 1787. That part now included
in the town of Dayton north of Salmon Falls, the town of
Hollis, and the part of Limington south of the Little Ossi-
370 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

pee River, was incorporated as Phillipsburg, Feb. 27, 1798.
Previous to their incorporation, all the towns of the Maj.
Phillips Purchase were under the jurisdiction of Sanford.
At a meeting held in the Congregationalist meeting-house,
Dec. 14, 1807, in which Capt. Sheldon Hobbs was elected
moderator, it was voted that the district of Alfred be incor-
porated in a separate or distinct town. The Supreme Court
had been held there since 1802, and a court-house contrik-
uted much to its future prospects.
without jealousy, by the inhabitants of the South Parish.
The population at its organization is not known. Among
the votes for Governor of Massachusetts, the largest previous
to 1790 was 76 cast for John Hancock.

In January, 1809, a committee of seven was appointed
to draft an address to the Senate and House of Representa-
tives in the name of the town, praying for relief from the
several acts of the embargo, “ considering them as unneces-
sary, unequal, unjust, oppressive, and tyrannical ; laws tend-

ing to reduce us to poverty and the most abject slavery ;” -

that the law was in “open violation of the constitution,
subjecting us to unlawful seizures and detentions, and
therefore not binding upon us. Therefore, after once ap-
plying to the President of the United States while the
power was vested in him for relief, and received none, we
think it is our duty to look to you as that tribunal compe-
tent and willing to assist us in our present embarrassed
situation.” The committee comprised Caleb Emery, Elisha
Allen, William Emery, John Paul, John Powers, Jr., Caleb
Emery (3d), and Caleb Emery (4th). On the reading of
the petition a long series of resolutions was adopted, de-
claring that “any law which requires the whole manual
force of the Nation with an army of 150,000 men to enforce
it must be unjust, arbitrary, and inconsistent with every
principle which establishes and secures a republican govern-
ment.” They condemned Congress, and applied to the
State Legislature for relief. The resolutions were ordered
published in the Freeman’s Friend.

At the convention of 1819 to form the State of Maine,
Capt. Timothy Shaw and Elisha Allen were delegates from
Sanford. Fifteen men were appointed a committee by the
town to give them instructions before they went, and two
more were added to the committee at their session. The
town rejected the constitution by a vote of 85 to 10.

Two companies of volunteers were formed partly within
the town for the Mexican war, and their services tendered
to the government. Of these, Hon. Charles E. Weld, a
prominent lawyer of Hollis, was first lieutenant, and Sam-
uel S. Thing, Esq., a lawyer of New York, was second

‘Jieutenant of Company OC, organized Aug. 7, 1846, under
Capt. Moses Goodwin, of Shapleigh ; and William Emery
(3d), of Sanford, now a prominent lawyer of Alfred, was
captain of Company H, organized Dee. 12, 1846.

Elections were first held at the houses of Messrs. Willard
and Jonathan Powers. In 1788 the meeting-house in the
North Parish was used. After 1792 they were held in both
the Baptist and Congregationalist meeting-houses. After
1840 a town-house at Sanford Corner was occupied until the
erection of the present one at Springvale.

The Springvale Aqueduct Company was organized
through the exertions of John A, Dennett, Stephen E.

These were forwarded, ©

 

Hersom, and Samuel D. Tibbetts, and was incorporated in
1876. Mr. Tibbetts has been president since its organiza-
tion. The water is taken from Littlefield Pond, a deep,
pure stream covering an area of thirty-five acres a mile and
a half to the northeast, and one hundred and ninety-seven
feet above the river at the Print-Works Dam. The surface
of the main street is thirty feet higher than the river.
There have been about $6000 expended in completing this

work.
; THE REVOLUTION.

In 1776 the town stores of ammunition were increased
by half a barrel of powder, one gross of flints, and “ half a
hundred led.” John Stanyon and Nathaniel Conant were
chosen to take care of it till called for. Nearly all the fam-
ilies were represented by some member in the Continental
army before the end of the war.

~ On the offer of arms by the Boston board in 1778 it was
voted not to raise any money, as the town was already heavily
burdened to support the war, but to give liberty to any one
or more persons to buy arms from the board at Boston. A

- committee of safety was elected each year during the war.

The bounty on wolves was discontinued in 1779, that the

money might be used in the support of soldiers’ families.

Money did not go far at that time. The pay of selectmen

was increased to £4 10s. per day, and the ordinary appro-

priation for preaching was increased to £500.

In 1780 a meeting to examine the several articles in the
new form of government chose committees to make remarks
on the third and seventh articles, and to take under con-
sideration that the Governor, senators, and councilors shall
be Protestants. On the report of the committee the town
voted not to act upon the new form of government. Capt.
Morgan Lewis, Capt. Edward Harmon, and Jonathan Tib-
betts were a committee to hire soldiers for the south ward
of the town.* Six hundred and fifty pounds were raised
for six months’ soldiers’ bounty, and £450 to bire three
years’ soldiers.

A tax of 3210 pounds of beef was assessed upon the
town, and £5000 voted to buy it with. This beef was
bought from the lowest bidders and delivered to the county
agent at Kennebunk Landing. In 1781, £9248 were ex-
pended for beef and 8 more soldiers furnished. Each man
was furnished with a new pair of shoes by the town. Sol-
diers’ clothing was furnished by tax and forwarded to the
men in the field.

CIVIL LIST.
TOWN CLERKS.

Samuel Willard, 1768-69; Jobn Stanyon, 1770-73; John Moulton,
1774-79; Caleb Emery, 1780; Joel Moulton, 1781-96 ; Samuel
Nason, 1797-98; Stephen Hobbs, 1799; Samuel Nason, 1800;
Stephen Hobbs, 1801-3; Thomas Keeler, 1804-7; Ezra Thomp-
son (vacancy), 1807; Elisha Allen, 1808-9; Ebenezer Linscott,
1810; Elisha Allen, 1811-29; Timothy Shaw, 1830-41; Samuel
Tripp, 1842-45; Charles 0. Lord, 1846-49; Caleb S. Emery,
1850; Charles 0. Lord, 1851-52; Stephen Merrett, 1853-55; Asa
Low, 1856-58 ; Salter Emery, 1859-60; Moses Emery, 1861-65 ;
John A. Dennett, 1866-79.

SELECTMEN.

1768-69.—Jonathan Johnson, William Bennett, Samuel Willard.

1770-71.—Samuel Willard, William Bennett, John Stanyon.

* The south ward of the town was the present Sanford, in distinc-
tion from Alfred, the north parish.
 

GEORGE

The Frost family traces its descent to an ancestor
of English birth who resided near Sheffield. His
father, John, was a native of Milford, Mass., his
mother, Hannah Morrill, was a native of Wells,
York Co.

His father spent his entire life in mercantile
pursuits, first as a clerk in Boston, and afterwards
for many years as a general merchant in Sanford,
where he died in 1861.
the age of eighty-nine, having been born in 1790.

His wife still survives at

George A. was born in the town of Sanford,
April 2, 1813.
school and at Phillips Academy, Exeter, N. H. For

He was educated in the common

the years 1836-37 he was a partner with his father,
and for three years he was in business with H. P.

Storer (now of Portland), and, since the dissolution

 

A. FROST.

of this firm, he has carried on a general merchan-
dise trade at Sanford for thirty years.

In politics he was formerly a Whig and afterwards
a Republican. In 1861-62 he was a member of
the executive council, and was a trustee of the
Maine Insane Hospital for nine years, being a part
of the time president of the board.

He is interested in all local enterprises tending
to the education of the rising generation and the
prosperity of the people, and is a promoter of re-
ligious and kindred interests. As a business man
he is active, judicious, and possessed of sterling
integrity in all his business relations. He married,
April 14, 1835, Mary, daughter of Moses Lord, of
Sanford. They had one child, born in 1836, but

survived only six years.
B. F. HANSON,

second son of Joshua and Phil-
emina (Hobbs) Hanson, was born
July 31, 1818, on the farm where
he now resides. His grandfather
was: for mary years prior to his
death a resident of Waterbo-
rough, York Co., and his parents
were also natives of this county.
His father died in 1866; his
mother in 1865.

He learned the blacksmith’s
trade from his father, and at the
age of twenty, left home to battle
with life for himself. It is stated
as a fact that at the age of twenty-
eight, assisted by his brother George
M.., he turned four hundred horse-
shoes in eleven hours, a most
remarkable amount of labor in

those days of hard toil, and now

Sa

 

 

B.F.HANSON.

 

 

 

 

Res. of HON. BOF

   

HANSON, SANFORD,

a matter regarded almost impos-
sible.

In 1852 he returned to his na-
tive town, and gave his attention
to agricultural pursuits, excepting
four years in trade at Sanford’s
Corners. While a resident of
Somersworth, N. H., he was se-
lectman, and since his return to
York County, he was elected, on
the Republican ticket, a member
of the Legislature of 1862, and
for the years 1874-75 served in
the State Senate. He is, in 1879,
town agent. William Hanson
married, Feb. 21, 1840, Mary,
daughter of Elias Libby. They
have four sons: Luther, of Chel-
sea; Benjamin F., of Great Falls,
N. H.; Charles H., and George
William, both at Waterville Col-
lege.

 

 
TOWN OF SANFORD.

371

 

1772.—Jonathan Johnson, William Bennett, Daniel Gile.
1773.—Daniel Gile, James Gary, William Bennett.
1774-76.—Daniel Gile, Morgan Lewis, James Gary.

1777.— James Gary, Morgan Lewis, Joel Moulton.
1778.—Daniel Gile, Morgan Lewis, Phinehas Thompson.
1779.—Morgan Lewis, Walter Powers, Joel Moulton.
1780.—Caleb Emery, Nathaniel Bennett, Ebenezer Hall.
1781.—Samuel Nason, James Gove, Eleazer Chadbourne.
1782-83.—William Parson, James Gove, Eleazer Chadbourne.
1784.—William Parson, Eleazer Chadbourne, Joel Moulton.
1785.—Capt. Caleb Emery, Eleazer Chadbourne, Henry Smith.
1786.—Caleb Emery, Henry Smith, Samuel Nason.
1787.—Henry Smith, Eleazer Chadbourne, Joshua Goodwin.
1788.—Samuel Nason, Eleazer Chadbourne, Henry Smith.
1789.—Samuel Nason, Eleazer Chadbourne, William Parson.
1790.—Samuel Nason, Joel Moulton, Henry Smith.
1791.—Caleb Emery, William Parson, Henry Smith.
1792-93.—Samuel Nason, Henry Smith, Sheldon Hobbs.
1794,—Samuel Nason, Ezra Thompson, Sheldon Hobbs.
1795.—Sheldon Hobbs, Ezra Thompson, Eleazer Chadbourne.
1796-98.—Samuel Nason, Eleazer Chadbourne, Ezra Thompson.
1799.—Samuel Shaw, Stephen Gowen, Sheldon Hobbs.
1800.—Samuel Nason, Sheldon Hobbs, Ezra Thompson.
1801.—Ezra Thompson, Caleb Emery, Eleazer Chadbourne.
1802.—Ezra Thompson, Eleazer Chadbourne, Jedediah Allen.
1803.—Eleazer Chadbourne, Ezra Thompson, Jedediah Allen.
1804,—Jedediah Allen, Samuel Shaw, Ezra Thompson.
1805.—Samuel Shaw, Thomas Keeler, Jedediah Allen.
1806.—Thomas Keeler, Samuel Straw, Rufus Bennett.
1807.—Thomas Keeler, Samuel Straw, Rufus Bennett, Elisha Allen.
1808-9.—Ezra Thompson, Elisha Allen, Rufus Bennett.
1810.—Rufus Bennett, Sheldon Hobbs, Elisha Allen.
1811-12.—Sheldon Hobbs, Elisha Allen, Rufus Bennett.
1813.—Sheldon Hobbs, Rufus Bennett, Timothy Shaw.
1814.—Sheldon Hobbs, Thomas Shackley, Elisha Allen.
1815.—Sheldon Hobbs, Timothy Shaw; John Libby.
1816-17.—Sheldon Hobbs, Jr., Timothy Shaw, Enoch Lord.
1818-19.—Timothy Shaw, Enoch Lord, John Frost (2d).
1820.—Capt. Timothy Shaw, Sheldon Hobbs, Ezra Thompson.
1821.—Capt. Timothy Shaw, Sheldon Hobbs, Jr , Ezra Thompson.
1822.—Sheldon Hobbs, Timothy Shaw, John Frost.
1823-24.—Sheldon Hobbs, Timothy Shaw, John Frost (3d).
1825.—Timothy Shaw, John Powers, Jr., Sheldon Hobbs.
1826.—Sheldon Hobbs, Timothy Shaw, John Powers.
1827.—John Powers, Timothy Shaw, Nathan Goodwin.
1828.—John Powers, Daniel Gowen, John Frost.

1829.—John Powers, Daniel Gowen, Timothy Shaw.
1830-33.—John Powers, Timothy Shaw, Daniel P. Shaw.
1834-35.—Timothy Shaw, Daniel P. Shaw, William B. Merrick.
1836.—Timothy Shaw, Daniel P. Shaw, Jotham Welch.
1837.—Jotham Welch, Daniel P. Shaw, John Storer.
1838.—Timothy Shaw, Daniel P. Shaw, Jotham Welch.
1839.—Orin P. Shaw, Theodore Tripp, Nehemiah Butler.
1840.—Nehemiah Butler, Jotham Welch, Timothy Shaw.
1841.—Nehemiah Butler, Jotham Welch, Gen. Timothy Shaw.
1842.—Amos F. How, Enoch Frost, Stephen Willard.
1843.—Amos F. How, Enoch Frost, John Shaw.

1844.—Samuel B. Emery, Thomas J. Allen, Nathaniel Hobbs.
1845.—Nathaniel Hobbs, Samuel B. Emery, John Merrill.
1846.—Enoch Frost, John Shaw, Horace Bennett.
1847-48.—Samuel B. Emery, Enoch Frost, John Carroll.
1849.—Samuel B. Emery, John Carroll, Jonathan Tibbetts.
1850-51.—Theodore Willard, Daniel Cheney, Christopher Shackford.
1852.—Theodore Willard, Albert I. Smith, Theodore Tripp.
1853.—James M. Burbank, Stephen Willard, Nehemiah Butler.
1854-55.— James M. Burbank, Nehemiah Butler, Horace Bennett.
1856-58.—Jas. M. Burbank, Horace Bennett, Nath. Chadbourne, Jr.
1859.—Jonas S. Littlefield, Albert J. Smith, Gershom Ricker.
1860.—Jonas S. Littlefield, John Carrol], Nehemiah Butler.
1861-64.—Asa Low, Moses H. Libby, George Bennett,
1865-66.—Asa Low, Moses Jelleson, Jesse Furbish.
1867.—Irving A. Butler, Daniel G. Clark, George Jacobs.

 

% Elisha Allen was elected to fill vacancy of Thomas Keeler, elected
representative to the General Court.

 

1868.—Alvah W. Dam, Daniel G. Clark, George Jacobs,
1869.—Alvah W. Dam, William Russell, Lewis Butler.
1870.— Lewis Butler, William Russell, Hosea Willard.
1871.—Alvah W. Dam, Lewis Butler, William Russell.
1872.—Alvah W. Dam, Walter Cram, John B. Libby.
1873-76.—Alvah W. Dam, Lewis Butler, Enoch F. Lord.
1877.—Alvah W. Dam, George W. Gowen, Walter Cram.
1878.—Alvah W. Dam, Walter Cram, Darling H. Ross.
1879.—Darling H. Ross, Ernest M. Goodall, Ivory C. Allen.

VILLAGES AND HAMLETS.
SPRINGVALE,

Springvale is a beautiful manufacturing village in the
north part of the town, situated on both sides of the Mou-
sam River, at the outlet of a beautiful pond.

The name of the village originated from a large and beau-
tiful spring of pure water just below the grist-mill. After
the print-works were completed, they wished to have a sort
of dedication, feeling joyful at their success, and so they
gathered around the spring, where, when a prayer was
offered, a speech was called for, and a name demanded for
the place. In reply, the speaker, Rev. Thomas Greenhalgh,
agent of the company, said, ‘‘ Here is the spring at our feet,
and here is the vale,—stretching out on either hand of us;
we will call it Springvale.”

The first house built in the vicinity is directly east and
a few rods from George A. Frost’s store, and is known as
the Widow Adams’ house.

A tract of land one hundred and seventy-six rods square,
on the west side of the river, extending above the old Pro-
vincial site, and bordering on the river, was purchased by
William Frost, of Berwick, in 1787, and settled by his son
William, who, for fifteen or twenty years, was colonel of
militia, and afterwards chosen major-general. He died in
1822, and was buried with military honors.

In 1827 the Springvale Print-Works were erected on a
part of his land donated for that purpose. A corporation
was formed by J. Hayden, Ichabod Frost, Amos Boyd,
Amos Getchell, David Fall, and others, in 1840, which led
to the erection of the cotton-mill, and first operated by the
Springvale Manufacturing Company, then by Fitch & Hodg-
don.

The first trader in this place was Robert Fernald, in a
small shop owned by Mrs. Rankin.

The Portland and Rochester Railroad crosses the town
just below Springvale, and affords good facilities for travel
and transportation. There are daily stage connections with
the towns on the north.

The business of the place is comprised in the following
manufactures aud industries :

Springvale Reporter: This newspaper was first issued as
a six-column, four-page weekly newspaper, by H. Carlton
Cheever, founder of the Danvers, Mass., Mirror. The first
number was issued Jan. 1, 1876, at $1.50 a year, as an in-
dependent local newspaper. In 1877 the paper took a firm
stand for the political movement against the old parties,
The circulation has increased from 300 the first year to 800
in 1879. It was enlarged to seven columns in March,
1877, and the subscription reduced to $1 per year in Jan-
uary, 1878. Frank C. Noyes, of Saco, son of William
Noyes, of the Saco Independent, became a partner, under
the firm-style of Cheever & Noyes, in March, 1879.
372 -..

HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

_Springvale Print-Works: Incorporate stock, $100,000. .
E. W. Holbrook, president; G. K. Gibbs, agent. 10,000
spindles; manufactures sheetings; has been under the
present management since 1873.

Shoe manufactory: I. A. Butler & Co., manufacture
ladies’ and misses’ machine-sewed shoes. Employs 60 to 75
operatives, and turns out about $70,000 worth of manufac-
tured goods annually. Established by Butler & Stiles about
1869, and operated by the present firm since 1876. Irving
A. Butler, the senior member of the firm, has been manu-
facturing shoes in the village on a large scale since 1853,
and was partner with John D. Fogg from 1869 to 1876.
There were formerly the three firms of Butler & Stiles,
Butler & Fogg, and Cunaings Bros., the last of which was
removed to South Berwick, and the former absorbed by the
present firm.

Clothing manufactories: R. A. Kempton, vests, estab-
lished in 1873, employs 10 operatives in shop, and sends
work out through the surrounding towns, as far as Wells,
Alfred, and the borders of New Hampshire, turning out
90,000 garments a year; Weeks & Cheney, vests, since
1874, 6 to 10 operatives in shop, established by John Mer-
rill, about 1839; Longee & Fenderson, pants, established
in 1875, 4 to 10 operatives in shop; Hugene Fenderson,
since 1879; I. B. Stiles, 4 operatives.

Grist-mills: John H. Merrill & Co., first erected as
early as 1774; L. H. Shockley & Co.

Cigars: L. Taylor.

Sash and blinds: E. P. Ross, sale- and finishing-rooms,
established in 1877.

Coffins and caskets: John M. Pillsbury, established by
Samuel D. Tibbetts, in 1858.

Lumber-mills: F. Jordan & Co., a mile northeast of the
village, formerly Lord & Hemingway; W.S. Rice & Co.

Harness-maker: Charles E. Ham, established in 1870;
first in the place.

Carpenters and builders: Giles & Otis; Martin Shackley.

Mason: E. Earle.

Painters: H. W. Fairbanks; James Chaney.

Gunsmith: M. W. Conor, established 1879.

Blacksmiths: Hodgdon & Co.; E. C. Libby; William
I’. Hanson & Son.

Hotels: Tibbetts House, 8. D. Tibbetts, erected 1864 ;
Butler House, C. E. Butler, erected 1877.

Lawyers: Asa Low, Howard Frost, Esq.

Physicians: Ivory Brooks, Lorenzo Dow, William M.
Simpson,

Eastern Express Co.: Leroy Wentworth, agent.

Western Union Telegraph-Office: C. Marsh Howe, ope-
rator.

Drug-store: C. Marsh Howe, 1879, formerly J. R. Colby ;
town liquor agency, telegraph-office, and circulating library.

General stores: A. J. Smith & Co., established 1874 ;
E. & E. E. Goodwin, established 1877; W. A. Ricker &
Co., since 1877, established by W. A. Ricker, in 1871;
W. 4H. Dyer; Edwin J. Reed, since 1877, established in
company with Stephen M. Hersom, in 1873.

Groceries: A. M. Littlefield, established as furniture-
store, in 1876, groceries added ia 1878; H. J. Frost, es-
tablished 1878.

 

Corn, flour, and coal: L. H. Shapley & Co.; coal and
wood, 8. B. Ridley.

Stoves and tinware: William Smith, established 1858.

Dry- and fancy-goods: Charles H. Frost, since 1870, es-
tablished in company with George A. Frost, about 1850 ;
Enoch F. Lord, established 1877, commenced business here
in 1861.

Dry-goods and clothing: John A. Dennett, established
1857 ; Moses Dennett, established 1872.

Tailors: N. Hersom; S. R. Shehan, established 1879.

Furnishing goods: W. O. Hanson.

Millinery: Mrs. E. J. Andrews, since 1879, established
by Mrs. H. H. McDonald, 1877; F. H. Cousens, estab-
lished 1879.

Saloons: Benjamin Graves, established 1876; Edward
A. Wentworth. 4

Livery-stables: C. E. Butler; S. D. Tebbetts; E. G.
Murray.

Barber: C. L. Hamilton.

Sewing-machines: Singer Manufacturing Co., established
1879, M.S. Robins, agent. Mails are daily by rail. How-
ard Frost, Esq., has been postmaster since 1863.

SANFORD,

the first village, is finely located in the centre of a broad
valley of gently-rolling land, upon the west bank of Mousam
River, two miles south of Springvale. It is regularly laid
out, and contains over one hundred dwellings, nearly one-
half of which have been erected since 1870. It first be-
came a business centre about 1806. There are here a fine
school-house and two churches. The place is connected by
telegraph with the Western Union Company’s lines. Its
first traders were Thomas Keeler, Gen. Allen, John Frost,
John Storer, Moses Lord, and Gen. Shaw. A saw- and
grist-mill were built at an early period. Afterwards mills
for carding and fulling were put into operation by Gen.
Allen or Jeremiah Moulton. There was also a company
consisting of Messrs. Melvin, Hutchinson, and Sargent,
which carricd on manufacturing fora while. The business
of the place consists of the two factories and a flourishing
trade with the surrounding country.

Sanford Mills: robes and blankets, Thomas Goodall.
The factory of Shaw, Paine & Co. was destroyed by fire in
1849. This was afterwards built by Mr. Miller, for the
manufacture of woolen fabrics. Within a few years it has
been bought and greatly enlarged by Thomas Goodall, who
is now carrying on an extensive business in the manufacture
of sleigh-robes and blankets, such as are nowhere else made
in New England.

Mousam River Mills: carpets, Goodall & Garnsey,
established in 1876.

Hardware and stoves: Prescott Emery, established about
1830 by Samuel B. and William L. Emery.

Furniture: Samuel B. Emery, established in 1879.

General stores: Kimball Bros. & Co., established in
1876; Newell & Libby, established in 1877.

Drugs: Rev. 8. Estes since 1872 ; drug-store first opened
by Gen. Elisha Allen, one of the first merchants of the
town.

Eastern Express Company: EK. K. Bennett, agent.
 

GEORGE NASSON,

eldest son of Thomas and Sally
(Frast) Nasson, both natives of
York County, was born at San-
ford Corners Aug. 3, 1815. His
grandfather, Samuel Nasson, was
one of the early settlers of San-
ford.

His father died Oct. 16, 1825,
when young Nasson was obliged
to leave home, and for three
years, then a mere lad, he went
from place to place. With a
capital of twenty-five cents he
went to sea, but only remained
one year. He was a peddler, and
a clerk for a few years, and at the
age of seventeen returned to his
native town, and was employed
in the printery. Nov. 24, 1834,
his mother died, and at her re-
quest he assumed the care of his

 

GEORGE NASSON.

younger brothers, took them to
Boston and procured places for
them, where they earned their
support. {rom 1838 to 1861
he was eogaged in business in
Boston. He then returned to
Springvale, in the town of San-
ford, where he has since been
engaged quite largely in real-
estate operations. TJ] health and
a desire t see more of the world,
has led Jim to visit other parts
of it. In 1848-49 he visited
Cuba, in 1851 California, in
1859 he made the tour of Eu-
rope, and for the past ten years
he has spent his winters in Flor-
ida. He is an active member of
the Democratic party.

He married, in 1852, Abigail,
daughter of Ebenezer Dearborn,
of Sanborntown, N. H. She
died in 1861.

 

  

Bi

 

 

 

 

GEO. NASSO

  

BAG RIA IIS

 

N'S HOTEL ano RESIDENCE, SpRINGVA

 

  

(ex

fi GALA *
oer h eh IPERS Sa

LE, YORK Ca., ME.,
JEREMIAH MOULTON,

second son of Rufus and Mariam
Moulton, was born in the town
of Sanford Dec. 28, 1825. His
grandfather lived for many years
in that town, and there died, and
his father and mother were both
natives of the same town; the
former died in 1870, the latter
in 1872.

He received the advantages af-
forded by the common schools of
his time for obtaining an edu-
cation, and since early manhood
has resided on a farm. Upon the
death of his father he became
sole proprietor of the farm, then
containing one hundred and fif-

 

JEREMIAHMOULTON.

 

teen acres, to which he has made
additions, until it now contains
two hundred and fifty acres.

He is a man of strong resolution
and force of character, and pos-
sessed of sterling integrity in all
his business relations. In politics
he is a Republican, and was a
member of the State Legislature
in 1879. He first married, Jan-
uary, 1850, Sarah A., daughter
of Deacon William Chadman,
who died April 13, 1857. In
October of the same year he mar-
ried the widow of the late John
Ricker, and a daughter of Deacon
Joseph Perkins, of Wells, York
Co. His children living are
Rufus and Joseph P.

 

 

RESIDENCE OF

~ JEREMIAH MOULTON, SPRINGVALE ME.

 

   

 
TOWN OF SANFORD. 373

 

Livery-stables: Hosea Willard.

Smith: Orrin Roberts.

Milk dealers: G. W. Gowan, Charles O. Emery.

Barber: T. Hobbs.

Custom shoes: Joshua Littlefield, established in 1839.

Physicians: H. B. Huntington, established in 1879;
Frederick J. Harmon, established in 1877.

Dentist: S. B. Dorr.

Lawyers: I. 8. Kimball; Frank Wilson, established in
1877.

Mails are tri-daily from Springvale depot, and daily to
and from South Sanford. Increase S. Kimball, postmaster.

A brass band was organized in the spring of 1877, and
Nathaniel Bennett was elected leader. In 1877 a beautiful
octagon band-stand was erected and fenced by G. M. Good-
all, Esq., at an expense of $150, and presented to the band
at a formal dedication, in which the Old Sanford and Great
Falls, N. H., bands were present, Oct. 4, 1879.

SOUTH SANFORD,

three miles south, near Picture Pond, is a hamlet of some
twenty dwellings, containing, besides, a church, school-
house, the general store of J. H. Moulton, who is post-
master, smith-shops, and near by the lumber-mills of C. H.
& W. Cram, on Mousam River. Mails are daily.

Aside from the manufacturing mentioned, are Allen &
Jordan’s lumber-mill, above Springvale, and the Linscott
and Witcher mills, below the Willard. The Linscott mill is
the lowest one on the Mousam River, and is mentioned on
the early records under that name as early as 1775.

PLACES OF HISTORIC INTEREST.

The Picture Tree at Sand Pond took its name from an
act of savage butchery coupled with a singular picture cut
under the following circumstances: A little daughter of
Peter Morrill, in Berwick, was gathering cord hemlock in
the woods when she discovered a party of Indians. She
screamed, and the Indians, to prevent an alarm, cut off her
head. This they carried to Sand Pond, where they at-
tempted to cut a likeness of it upon a pine-tree. The pond
has been separated into two small ponds named Sand and
Picture Ponds by the removal of beaver-dams and clearing
away the timber so as to admit the sunlight. The picture
tree stood until near 1800.

Between Springvale and Sanford Corner is the first house
ever painted in town, known as the John Gowen house.
The material for the red paint was taken from the soil of
the farm by “ Master” Gowen. It must be more than eighty-
five years since it was done, and yet the color is quite dis-
tinct. It has not been painted since.

One of the oldest and largest frame houses is known as
the “Old Colonel Emery’ House,” South Sanford. Louis
Philippe once stopped here when on his way from Port-
land to Boston, and the bed in which he slept is still pre-
served and known as the “ king’s bed.”

The first preaching in Sanford was from the top of a
high rock, to which the traveler is pointed, on the road
from South Sanford to Alfred. This rock is still known
as ‘“‘ Preacher’s Rock’”’ by those familiar with the locality.

 

BURIAL-GROUNDS.

At Springvale, on the northeast side of the pond, above
the village, is one of the most beautiful cemeteries in the
county. It is about one-eighth of a mile in length, and
contains nearly four acres of park, drives, and open lawn,
among which are buried many of Sanford’s noblest citizens.
It is inclosed on two sides by the waters of the pond and
Mousam River, which give to it a most pleasing appearance
in summer. Besides being a choice resting-place for loved
and honored dead, its natural beauties and fine monuments
make it a location worthy of the visit of strangers.

Other lesser grounds abound in such numbers as to defy
description, many of them overgrown by a second forest,
or their headstones so worn and blackened by the elements
as to be illegible.

CHURCHES.
BAPTIST.

The first church was organized by the Baptists, Sept. 16,
1772, with 18 members. Pelatiah Tingley was ordained
the first pastor in October, 1773. He was succeeded by
Elder Richardson, and in 1798 by Rev. Otis Robinson.
His pastorate began with a revival which in two years in-
creased the number of members from 30 to 144. He left
the charge in 1810. Rev. Gideon Cook was settled in
1816, and remained until 1830, when he left to become
pastor of the church at Kennebunkport. Rev. William
Johnson was pastor in 1830-31, after which Rev. Mr. Cook
returned and remained six years. Since then H. Strong,
Joseph Gilpatrick, J. Boyd, W. H. Copeland, B. F. Hub-
bard, Thomas Jameson, W. T. Sargent, G. Cook, J. Hub-
bard, S. Estes, and A. Bryant have preached to this church.
From 1860 to 1870 its state was very low; since, signs of
life appear. The meeting-house, which stood out of the
village some distance, has been moved to a central location
and nicely fitted up. It was dedicated June, 1871.

In 1830, in the south part of the town, a small Baptist
Church was organized. At one time it numbered about 50,
and was served by Philander Hartwell, John Chadbourne,
J. Hubbard, and J. Gilpatrick. It disbanded in 1856.

On Mount Hope there was another church constituted.
It never numbered over 30. G. Cook, B. F. Hubbard (or-
dained here), and J. Boyd preached to it. It ceased to be
in 1857.

The Springvale Baptist Church was organized May 23,
1843, with 12 members. Rev. E. Robins was its first
pastor until 1843, then J. M. Wedgwood, 1844, and next
John Boyd; but it was a struggle for existence up to 1846,
when Elder Peacock came. Two hundred dollars were
then pledged by the Home Mission, and about 40 were
added. In 1847 their first house was built through the
efforts of Rev. Mr. Peacock, and dedicated Aug. .3, 1847.
His labors closed in 1849, when A. Robins became pastor
for one year. The next was A. Dunbar, for two years; 11
were baptized, and others added by letter. In 1856, H.
Stetson came and labored four years. A revival was en-
joyed, and church increased. In 1864, W. W. Boyd, a
young man of the village, united with the church, and was
licensed to preach. His labors were greatly blessed. Dur-
ing two years of his ministry 63 united by baptism and
374 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

letter, and their present beautiful house of worship was com-
pleted. He was succeeded by A. P. Roberts, A. Bryant
in 1876, and John Dame in 1879. Clerk, Darling Ross;
deacons, Loami K. Moulton, Wm. F. Hanson.

THE CONGREGATIONALIST CHURCH

was organized in 1784. A Mr. Hall was the first minister
employed, but did not settle. Rev. Moses Sweat settled in
1786, and continued many years. He was famed for his
great learning. It is said he was versed in thirteen differ-
erent languages. He possessed a Syriac Bible, which Prof.
Upham, of Bowdoin College, came and bought of his family
after his death. Christopher Marsh, Mr. Goss, E. Bacon,
George Bourne, Albert Cole, Messrs. Davenport, Bailey,
Wells, Richards, and Jordan are numbered among those
who have preached to this church. It has enjoyed various
revivals. Its highest degree of prosperity is thought to
have been when Revs. Bacon and Bourne were pastors.
Rev. Mr. Chapman, Rev. Thomas N. Lord, 1873-75, and
Rev. Henry J. Stone have been pastors since 1870. Mem-
bership, 38 or 40. The present deacons are Stephen Dorman
and George Gowen, Jr. The meeting-house was burned
July 4, 1878, and a new one since erected at Sanford
through the exertions of Rev. Mr. Stone. A town-clock
has been purchased by the enterprising manufacturers of the
village and placed in the tower.

A church was formed by some of the members living at
South Sanford about 1831. This was supplied for a num-
ber of years by Rev. Mr. Parker. Of late years it has been
comparatively weak, having preaching part of the time.
Students from Andover have supplied.

The Rev. Moses Sweat was born at Kingston, N. H., Dec.
23,1754. His youth was spent upon a farm, and in his early
manhood he taught school. His fondhess for books early
manifested itself, and the dead languages particularly inter-
ested him. Under the instruction of Parson Moody, of Dum-
mer Academy, who encouraged him to expect a tutorship
in some college, he made great progress in them. Upon
the death of Mr. Moody he devoted his time to the study
of theology under Elihu Thayer, D.D., of Kingston, N. H.
About 1788, the Congregational Society in Sanford, which
at that time embraced Alfred, invited Mr. Sweat to become
their pastor, at a salary of $300, with a parsonage lot for a
settlement. From this salary, by rigid economy, he saved
enough to purchase the large Polyglot Bible of ten volumes
folio. He then engaged ardently in the study of many of
the Oriental languages. He could read Greek and Hebrew
fluently, and he made some progress in the study of Syriac,
Arabic, and Chaldaic. In 1805 he published two dis-
courses, entitled “ A Critical Investigation of the Modes of
Baptism, as performed by the Primitive Churches.” It
consisted of about 100 pages, in which the words Bapto
and Baptizo were traced out in all the Oriental languages.
It was so highly appreciated by the learned that the late
Judge Sewall, of the United States Court, procured many
copies for circulation. His other discourse was preached
at Alfred, upon the separation of it from Sanford. Through
the recommendation of Dr. Hemmenway and others he had
conferred upon him the degree of A.B., and in 1790 that
of A.M. His health failed about teu years after his settle-

of it for one year.

 

ment, and his ministerial labors were suspended on account
The Baptists about the same time
made inroads upon his flock, and a large number became
detached, and thus enfeebled, those who remained were
compelled to ask a reduction of his salary, to which he
acceded, and for nearly thirty years continued his ministry

| on asalary of $100 per annum. His stock of sermons on

hand required no effort to produce new ones, and he de-
voted his time to agricultural pursuits. His compositions
were of the purest English. He devoted about ten hours
He died at Sanford, Aug. 30, 1822.

to writing a sermon.

THE FREE-WILL BAPTIST CHURCH IN LEBANON

dates back to 1817, when Elder Blaisdel preached in the
school-house at Springvale, which stood where Porter Cum-
ings’ house now is. His labors were blessed, and some
fifteen were baptized, and constitute a branch of the Leba-
non Church. A regular church was formed here about
1829. Samuel L. Julian became its first pastor. Their
first house of worship was built while he was settled, cost-
ing some $1200. A revival of considerable power followed,
and the church was much increased. The pastors who have
succeeded are, Samuel Burbank, David H. Lord, Alvah Rus-
sell, Theodore Stevens, G. R. Ramsey, A. R. Bradbury,
C. B. Mills, W. H. Waldron, Theodore Stevens, N. K.
George, Edwin Manson, J. Baker, A. J. Davis, and Mr.
Mason. More or less revival was enjoyed under the
preaching of most of these. The most extensive was while
Elder George was settled. Their present efficient pastor is
Rev. W. H. Yeoman. In 1867 the spacious and handsome
church edifice which they now occupy was built. The
membership is about 125. Pastor, Rev. A. H. Hanscom.

THE CHRISTIAN CHURCH.

In 1830 the Sanford and Lebanon Christian Church was
organized by Elder Paul Reynolds, who was their pastor
twelve years. Next came Thomas Bartlett, three years,
and Abram Sanborn for a short time. Aug. 3, 1844, the
church was divided, and the Second Church organized in
the Deering neighborhood. From that time the First
Church declined, and was soon discontinued, some of its
members uniting with the Second Church, which is now
known as the Sanford and Lebanon Christian Church. The
pastors of the Second Church were as follows: Levi Eldridge,
one year; Charles Goodwin, eight years; Asa Bean, two
years; Lemuel Goodwin, three years; Samuel McCan,
three years; Joseph Whitney, six years; George S. Os-
borne, and the present pastor, Rev. John H. Mugridge.
Present membership, 80.

SCHOOLS.

At a meeting in 1770, of which Naphtali Harmon was
moderator, and John Stanyon clerk, the chief business was
to appoint a committee to hire a minister and a school-
master for three months. In 1773 £20 were voted for a
school. The school money was turned to support the war
in 1776, and in that year there was no school. Fifty
pounds were voted in 1778, and £100 in 1779, and a
school provided for in each parish. In 1780 six months’
school was supported at an expense of £900, to be kept
 

DARLING H. ROSS,

eldest son of Gideon and Eliza (Huntress) Ross,
was born in the town of Shapleigh, York Co.,
Me., April 9, 1825.
home, during which time he obtained a liberal
education. He married, Sept. 20, 1847, Orpha,
daughter of Jacob Ham, of Shapleigh, and the

His minority was spent at

same year settled in the town of Sanford, on the
farm which he now owns and occupies. He early
learned habits of industry and economy, the prac-
tice of which, although he received little pecuniary
assistance in starting out for himself, has placed

him beyond the apprehension of want.

Mr. Ross has always voted with the Demo-
cratic party, and has been identified with the
best interests of his town, holding places of trust

| and responsibility. He is, in 1879, selectman of

| the town, and filled the office for the two pre-

| ceding years. He is a liberal supporter of church
and educational interests, is a member of the Bap-
tist Church, and is highly esteemed in all the busi-
ness and social relations of life.

| The family of Ross traces its ancestry back to

the first settlements in York County, and was

| among the first settlers of Berwick.
 

JOHN GAREY. JOSEPHRIDLEY.

 

 

 

 

ae

SANFORD,

OLD HOMESTEAD OF JOHN GAREY.
TOWN OF SANFORD. 375

 

where the selectmen saw fit. A school-house was erected
in the south parish (present Sanford) in 1782. The
Shakers were allowed their share of the school money in
1793, and a committee of two, acting with the selectmen,
provided good school-houses in each district or class.
Master Gowen was a noted teacher, and a man of rare
practical knowledge in the earlier days of the town. There
are now 15 school districts in the town, with an estimated
valuation of $12,000 for school property. Of the 888
children, 587 were registered as attending school in 1878,
during which year $2000 were voted by the town for their
support. The number of children in 1870 was 801. The
school property was then valued at only $10,550, though
assessments were much higher than now.

ASSOCIATIONS.

INDEPENDENT ORDER OF ODD-FELLOWS.

Friendship Lodge, No. 69, was instituted March 13,
1872. The charter members were George E. Allen, William
A. Allen, Alonzo A. Hurd, Gilbert G. Littlefield, Freeman
E. Trafton, Joseph W. Frye, William Smyth, A. K. L.
Bedell, Ivory Brooks. The officers in 1879 were J. R.
Foster, N. G.; C. H. Frost, V. G.; John A. Dennett,
Sec.; William A. Ricker, Treas.; E. F. Lord, Warden;
Ivory Brooks, Cond.; B. G. Blaisdell, Chaplain.

Springvale Encampment, No. 26, was instituted Oct. 16,
1877. The charter members were A. K. L. Bedell, John
W. Gerry, S. B. Ridley, Freeman EK. Trafton, C. L. Ham-
ilton, James H. Willey, A.S. Bird, Evens C. Libby, I. B.
Stiles, George W. Trafton, John W. Howe, Joel G. Her-
som. ‘The officers in 1879 were A. K. L. Bedell, C. P.;
A. A. Crocker, S. W.; A. S. Bird, H. P.; H. C. Libby,
Scribe; S. B. Ridley, Treas.; C. 8. Hamilton, J. W.

KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS.

Riverside Lodge, No. 12, was organized Feb. 10, 1875.
The present officers are Charles O. Emery, C. C.; C. O.
Emery (2d), B. C.; O. V. Libby, Prelate; E.S. Wright,
P. C.; S. B. Emery, K. of R. and 8.; E. M. Goodall,
M. of E.; C. F. Kimball, M. of F.; Nathaniel Bennett,
I. G.; G. F. Gowen, O. G.

PROFESSIONAL.
LAWYERS.

Among the lawyers who have lived and practiced in the
town were Jonathan Clark, Moses Butler, father of Hon.
Moses Butler, of Portland; Hon. Arthur McArthur, Jon-
athan Hubbard, H. Fairfield, John Bodwell, Samuel Thomp-
son, Samuel V. Loring, Calvin R. Hubbard, John Treat
Paine, Ichabod Butler, William H. Wiggin, William S.
Walker, Nicholas E. Paine, Charles E. Weld, Samuel S.
Thing, and the present lawyers.

Frank Wilson, admitted to the bar in 1877.

Increase 8. Kimball, admitted in 1829, and practiced
law in Lebanon until 1847, when he located at Sanford
village.

Hon. Howard Frost, son of Ichabod Frost, graduated at
Deane Law School of Harvard College, in 1859, at the age
of twenty-five, and was admitted to the York County bar
in June, 1860, and has since practiced law at Springvale.

 

He has been postmaster since 1863, trial justice since 1864,
and is a prominent man in the affairs of the town.
Asa Low is a prominent lawyer at Springvale.

PHYSICIANS,

Abial Hall, Hleazer Chadbourne, Caleb Emery, and
Ebenezer Linscott were early physicians.

The present ones are H. B. Huntington, of New York,
since 1879; Fred. J. Harmon, since 1877; Ivory Brooks,
since 1871; Lorenzo Dow, William M. Simpson, a recent
graduate of Brunswick, since September, 1879, and S. B.
Dorr, dentist.

PROMINENT CITIZENS.

Among the most noted names of early townsmen are
James Garey, Moses Tibbetts, Henry Hamilton, Naphtali
Harmon, John Stanyon, Joshua and John Chadbourne,
William Tripp, Samuel Willard, Ephraim Low, David
Morrison, Joshua Batchelder, Samuel Nason, William
Bennett, Jonathan Johnson, William Frost, Joel Moulton,
and Walter Powers.

Thomas Keeler, a merchant at Sanford Corner, was
selectman from 1805 to 1807, when he was chosen repre-
sentative to the General Court.

Caleb Emery was elected the first representative to the
General Court from the town in 1785.

Daniel Gile, son of the first settler, was a selectman and
town officer for many years, and was a delegate to the Port-
land convention to form a new State in 1786.

William Parson was an early treasurer and town officer.

Joel Moulton was town clerk from 1774 to 1796.

Gen. Elisha Allen came from Massachusetts about 1801,
and immediately became a leader. He was the first
man in the town to own a vessel. He opened a store and
conducted a prosperous business for many years, doing
much for the improvement of the place.

Maj.-Gen. William Frost, of Berwick, moved to Sanford
at an early day and located at Springvale, where he engaged
in various enterprises to develop the town. He died Dee.
20, 1819, and was buried in the Springvale cemetery with
military honors. Hon. Ichabod Frost, his son, and father
of Hon. Howard Frost, of Springvale, was a representative
to the Maine Legislature and a member of Governor Ham-
lin’s council. He died in 1867.

Many have gone forth from Sanford to other States to
act a noble and worthy part in the various pursuits of life.
Among these is Edward Emery, instructor in the United
States naval school.

Deacon Stephen Dorman, one of the oldest of the pres-
ent prominent men, now eighty-one years of age, was for
twenty-one years a justice of the peace, has been a member
of the Legislature, and for many years a leader in church
affairs.

REPRESENTATIVES IN THE GENERAL COURT.

Caleb Emery, 1785; Nathan Conant, ; John
Holmes, 1803; Thomas Keeler, 1807; Capt. Sheldon
Hobbs, 1811; Elisha Allen, 1812.

 

MILITARY RECORD.

Among the military men not otherwise mentioned have
been Lieut. Samuel Willard, Capts. Morgan Lewis, Edward
376 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

Harmon, Caleb Emery, David Bean, David Morrison, John
Cram, and John Tibbetts, previous to 1800. Capt. Mark
Prime, Capt. Sheldon Hobbs, Maj. William Frost, and Gen.
Timothy Shaw were more recent.

In the Mexican war three companies were organized in
York County for the Maine regiment, which was the first
organized in any of the New England States. Of these,
William Emery (3d), now a prominent lawyer of Alfred,
was captain of Company H, organized Dec. 12, 1846.

Hon. Charles E. Weld, now a prominent banker of Hol-
lis, was first lieutenant, and Samuel S. Thing, now a lawyer.
of New York, was second lieutenant of Company CO, organ-
ized Aug. 7, 1846. These companies were not called for,
owing to the fact that they were so far from the scene of
action, aud the war was too small an affair to give all patri-
‘otic Americans a chance to show their valor.

In the late Rebellion Sanford bore a noble war record.
The State gives it credit for only 147 soldiers; but it is
known to have sent over 160 into the army and 15 into
the navy. The highest office was that of lieutenant-colonel,
attained by John Hemingway. The bounty paid averaged
about $300 per soldier. The town’s war debt was estimated
at over $50,000, which was all paid by a tax the year after
the war.’

 

BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES.

THOMAS GOODALL

was born in Dewsbury, Yorkshire, England, in 1823, being
the youngest son of George Goodall, who died when Thomas
was six months old; and before he had attained the age of
three years his mother died.

When quite young he entered a woolen-manufacturing
establishment, where he served an apprenticeship of eleven
years. At the age of seventeen he had acquired such a
thorough knowledge of the business in all its details that
he was placed in charge of the establishment, buying all
the wool and other supplies needed for the business, and
selling all the goods. When he became of age, which
occurred on Saturday, he worked until ten o’clock at night,
and then walked some ten miles to Castle Hill, having only
two English shillings in his pocket.

He has frequently remarked that “ it was the happiest
day in his life.”

His reputation and credit were so good that he began
‘business on his own account the next week.

Believing that this country possessed many advantages
for 4 young man, he, in 1846, came here, and first located
in Connecticut, where he remained a short time. He next
went to South Hadley, Mass., where he obtained a good
situation, which he afterwards gave up to a needy country-
man, who came there with a large family in destitute cir-
cumstances. He then went to Rhode Island, where he
remained nearly two years. Returping to South Hadley,
married, April 29, 1849, Ruth, the second daughter of
Jerry Waterhouse, who was at that time a manufacturer
there. Soon after his marriage he went to West Winches-
ter, N. H., now called Ashuelot, where his first children,

 

Louis B. and George B. (twins), were born, Sept. 23,
1851.

The mill not being suited to the business he wished to
engage in, he, in 1852, moved to Troy, N. H., where his
other children were born,—Ernest M., Aug. 15, 1853;
Ida May, Aug. 15, 1858, and Lela Helen, Jan. 23, 1864.
Both daughters died at an early age. In Troy he first en-
gaged in the manufacture of satinets and beavers, his goods
finding ready sale, on account of their superior style and
quality, in a market in which there was great competition.
Shortly after he settled in Troy, he, one cold day, observed
a farmer throw a blanket over his horse, which he had con-
siderable trouble in fastening. Mr. Goodall then conceived
the idea of making a horse-blanket with fastenings attached,
so that the difficulty the farmer had experienced might be
overcome. He immediately commenced the manufacture
of them, the trimming of which was done outside the mill,
thus furnishing employment to a large number of persons.

The merchants at first were loath to take hold of this new
thing, saying “ they would not sell,” and tried to discourage
the enterprise, so that for several years Mr. Goodall was
obliged to sell his entire production himself, in Canada.
But it was not long ere it was discovered that they filled a
want long felt, and orders came in so fast he was compelled
to enlarge his works to meet the demand, and in 1857
purchased another mill. During the war of the Rebellion
he added to his business the manufacture of army blankets,
many bales of which he presented to Union soldiers and to
Confederate prisoners of war.

The town of Troy seemed to feel the thrift and energy
displayed by its largest manufacturer, and rapidly built up.
In 1865, having secured a competency, and feeling the need
of rest after twenty years’ close application to business, he
sold out his mills and other property, and went with his
family to England, resolved to take an extended vacation.

For many years, and up to the time he sold out, he was
the only manufacturer of horse-blankets in the country, but
since that time the business has grown, so that at the
present time over three thousand horse-blankets are daily
made in New England alone.

But an inactive life did not suit Mr. Goodall, who, shortly
after his arrival in England, began the exportation of lap-
robes, which were largely manufactured there, for sale in

‘the United States and Canada.

While engaged in this business he made a number of trips
to this country, and knowing that the United States, by a
wise provision of a tariff law, encouraged manufacturing of
all kinds, concluded to begin the business of making lap-
robes and plush goods, the manufacture of which had not
been previously attempted in this country.

He selected Sanford as a suitable location, where he pur-
chased the entire mill-privilege in the village, consisting of
a saw-mill, woolen-mill, and grist-mill. In October, 1867,
he moved to Sanford with his family, and at once enlarged
the woolen-mill, built a new mill on the site of the grist-
mill, and soon commenced the manufacture of lap-robes and
plush goods.

Many difficulties were at first experienced, for their produc.
tion required new and complicated machinery. The English
manufacturers, of whom he formerly bought, hearing of
 

&, aol’
 
TOWN OF SANFORD. 377

 

his project, tried in every manner to break him down, and
by representing their goods as being made of such material
as would entitle them to come in at a low rate of duty,
placed them in the market at a price that would discourage
any manufacturer, with the evident intention of driving
him out of the business. But Mr. Goodall was not to be
put down. By means of machinery of his own invention,
and by superiority of design, color, and quality of his robes,
he not only made strong competition, but succeeded in driv-
ing nearly all the foreign robes from the market, by giving
to the consumer a better article, at a lower price, than they
could obtain elsewhere.

The village of Sanford, when Mr. Goodall settled there,
was comparatively at a stand-still.

The woolen-mill was idle, and no business of any amount
carried on. Since his advent the village feels the impetus
he has infused into his business, and has rapidly built up.
The number of buildings has more than doubled in ten
years, many of the residences being very handsome ones,
and a new school-house has been built. Mr. Goodall’s
residence, one of the finest in the section, was built in
1871, on a tract of plains land that he has made bloom
like agarden. The grounds are tastefully laid out, and a con-
servatory built upon the same contains all kinds of tropical
and other rare plants. The Mousam River Mills, now em-
ploying many hands, were established in 1873, and are an
outgrowth of Mr. Goodall’s, his sons and others being in-
terested, although he takes no active part in their manage-
ment, his attention being given to the Sanford Mills, a corpo-
ration of which he is president. Mr. Goodall has, in ten
years, disbursed over a million dollars in this vicinity.

Nature has endowed him with one of the kindlicst of
dispositions, his generosity apparently having no bounds;
his acts of charity being done unostentatiously, as many
grateful hearts could testify. ;

JOHN STORER.

The Storers and Storys in this country are descended
from two brothers by the name of Storer, who came over
from England in the seventeenth century. One settled in
Boston, Mass.; the otherin Wells, Me. In process of time
the Boston branch of the family took the name of Story,
while the Wells branch retained the original name of Storer.
The celebrated Judge Story, of Massachusetts, is a de-
scendant of the Boston branch. The bravery and patriot-
ism of Joseph Storer has been recorded. He was an
ancestor of the Storers of Wells, and played a conspicuous
part in the Indian wars of the seventeenth century.

Mr. John Storer, the subject of this sketch, and a direct
descendant of this Joseph Storer, was the son of John and
Hannah Storer, and was born at Wells, Jan. 18, 1796.
He lost his father at an early age, and, although the
youngest of a family of five children, the care and support
of his widowed mother devolved upon him. He received an
education adapted to his subsequent business career, and
began life some years before he attained his majority as a
clerk in a store in Kennebunk, Me. At this early age he
developed a sound business capacity, and by close application

48

 

and strict economy he saved enough to enable him to begin
business for himself.

In 1820 he formed a partnership with Horace Porter
and Benjamin Smith, of Kennebunk, and opened a store in
Sanford, where they carried on a successful trade for eight
years. In 1828 they dissolved partnership, and in 1830
Mr. Storer built a store in Springvale, where, with his
brother-in-law, Joshua Hobbs, he carried on a mercantile
business for six years. At the end of this time he disposed
of his interest in the firm to his partner, and in 1840 went
to Portland, and for two years was a member of the firm
of Hall & Conant, wholesale grocers. In 1850 he bought
the interest of Joshua Maxwell, and entered into partner-
ship with J. R. Coxey, with whom he continued during the
remainder of his business career in Portland.

In 1852 he retired from business, and returned to his
home in Sanford, where he resided until his death, which
occurred Oct. 23, 1867.

In his quiet, retiring life, Mr. Storer was free from the
disturbances of a professional or political career, but his
clear, well-balanced mind was particularly suited to the
business of his choice. He possessed a sound, discrimi-
nating judgment, a shrewd ability, a full understanding,
and a thorough management of his business. His upright-
ness and integrity, the mainspring in all his relations in
life, were the secret of his success.

Mr. Storer was an upright Christian man in all walks of
life. Singularly high-minded in his character, his warmth
of heart and tenderness of feeling were felt by all who had
the good fortune to know him.

He could turn no one empty-handed from his door. His
generosity found ample means to indulge itself. With
William Emery and Deacon John Frost he built the first
Congregational church at Sanford. He also gave donations
to several churches and benevolent societies in Portland,
besides generously remembering missionary enterprises and
friends.

Mr. Storer had always taken a deep interest in national
affairs, and during the war of the Rebellion he was an
active and earnest supporter of the Union cause. At the
close of the war he realized the importance of educating
the recently-emancipated negro race; and, with this end in
view, he gave, in 1867, $10,000 towards the founding of a
school for negroes at Harper’s Ferry, Va. He afterwards
increased his gift by an additional $1000 for the formation
of a library, and just before his death he had the satisfac-

_ tion of seeing the school well established. This institution

was named after its founder, and Storer College is, and
always will be, a monument to his liberality and humanity.

Another example of the generosity and public spirit of
Mr. Storer is a monument erected by him at Wells in
memory of the patriotism and bravery of those who fell in
the Rebellion.

Mr. Storer married, in 1822, Meribah, daughter of Joseph
and Abigail Hobbs, of Wells. His children living are
Horace P. and Frederick Storer, of Portland, Me. ; George
L. Storer, now residing in Madison, Wis.; and Olive M.,
widow of the late Moses M. Butler, an eminent lawyer
of Portland. Two children are deceased,—George Lord
and John Lewis Storer.
378 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

JOSEPH RIDLEY,
twelfth child and fifth son of Joseph and Phebe (Getchel)
Ridley, was born in the town of Sanford, York Oo., Me.,
Dec. 2, 1842.

At the age of fifteen he left home to go into the busy
world and carve out a fortune for himself. His educational
opportunities were those afforded by the common school,
but he early learned habits of economy and industry, and
that, perseverance, and judicious management in the end
win financially.

He married, Jan. 2, 1870, Mary A., daughter of William

 

K. Lord, of Sanford. Their children are William T., John
G., Lillian A., Mabel P., Mary E.

John Garey, the original proprietor of the farm now
owned by Mr. Ridley, was born Oct. 25, 1798, and died
Nov. 6, 1872. He was among the early settlers of Sanford.
His father served in the Revolutionary war.

Mr. Garey was a farmer, and never sought political pre-
ferment. He married Mary P. Hutchins, by whom he had
six children, only one of whom is living,—Mary A., wife
of Daniel Quimby, of Acton, Me. He was identified with
the Democratic party. Mr. Ridley is a Republican.

 

DR. ALVAH DAM.

 

|

+

KENNEBUNKPORT.

 

FORMATION AND BOUNDARIES.

THs town was formed from a portion of the patent
granted to Sir Ferdinand Gorges.
grant from him to individuals in this town left on record,
and it had no known definite limits till after its submission to
Massachusetts in 1653. The western boundary was estab-
lished by commissioners chosen from Wells and this town
in 1660. Edmund Littlefield and William Hannar were
the Wells commissioners, and Wm. Scadlock and Morgan
Howell those of this town. The commissioners appointed
by the General Court for running the line between this
town and Biddeford consisted of Nicholas Shapleigh, Abra-
ham Preble, and Edward Rishworth, and they established
the present boundary in 1659. It is probable grants made
prior to 1646 were from Gorges and his agents, and be-

There is no distinctive

 

tween that and the death of Rigby, 1651, by the agent of
Rigby. Massachusetts assumed control in 1653, and granted
incorporation in 1684, Those who signed the submission
to Massachusetts were Morgan Howell, Christopher Spur-
rell, Thomas Warner Griffin Montague, John Baker, Wm.
Renalds, Stephen Batson, Gregory Jeffries, Peter Turbat,
Jno. Cole, Simon Teft, and Ambrose Berry. President
Danforth gave to John Barrett, Sr., John Purinton, and
John Batson, trustees in behalf of the town, a deed of the
tract within the township according to the bounds before

established.
SETTLEMENT AND EARLY HISTORY.

The first permanent settlement, as far as known, was
made in the southeastern part of the town, near Little
Kennebunk, his brother John being collector of
customs, and they held those offices during the
administrations of Pierce and Buchanan, until
1861. In 1864 he received the Democratic nomi-
nation for State senator, and was tendered the
same the next year, but declined. In 1866 he
was elected to the Legislature, running ahead of
his ticket.

Before entering the Legislature he drew up the
“ Act for the Assumption by the State of the Mu-
nicipal War Debts,” a measure which he intro-
duced in an able speech, which greatly facilitated
its passage by the Legislature at the following
session. He was elected to the Legislature again
in 1869, and was an active and efficient member
of that body. In 1870 he was again elected rep-
resentative. His speech, at the session in the
winter of 1871, in favor of the bill for the exten-
sion of*the Boston and Maine Railroad to Port-
land,.was noticed by one of the leading dailies as
one of the most effective speeches of the session.

Mr. Cousens has taken a prominent and active
part in all local improvements, and particularly
in the “Kennebunkport Sea Shore Company,”
which has for its object the establishment of a
summer resort upon the beach, extending from
Kennebunk to Cape Porpoise. He purchased for
this company, in 1872, about seven hundred acres
of land upon the sea shore; and as its superin-
tendent erected the Ocean Bluff Hotel in 1873,
which was enlarged by the addition of Music
Hall, and other buildings, in 1874. He has been
a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church,
and class-leader, for more than forty years, and
enjoys in the highest degree the esteem and confi-
dence of his fellow-citizens.

HON. ENOCH COUSENS,

son of James and grandson of Samuel Cousens,
was born in Kennebunk Nov. 9, 1818, and received
his education at the Kennebunk Academy. In
September, 1837, when in his twentieth year, he
started a country store at Kennebunk, lower vil-
lage, being aided pecuniarily by Hon. Barnabas
Palmer. In 1842 he moved across the river to
Kennebunkport, where he has conducted a suc-
cessful business ever since.

While in his minority Mr. Cousens took a deep
interest in public affairs, and has always been
ardently attached tothe Democratic party. When
but twenty years of age he was commissioned
captain of infantry, and four years later was chosen
lieutenant-colonel of the Ist Maine Regiment, but
declined. June 5, 1842, he married Betsey B.,
daughter of Nathaniel Low, Esq., of Lyman, by
whom there were born to him seven children, viz. :
William Fisk, born July 28, 1844, died March 25,
1849; Maria Elizabeth, born Sept. 9, 1846, died
Oct. 23, 1849; Wilbur Fisk, born July 31, 1848;
Francis Howard, born April 9, 1851. The other
daughters were Clara Elizabeth, Ella Florence,
and Lucy Maria. His wife died Aug. 11, 1861;
and Jan. 27, 1864, he married Mary E., daughter
of Andrew Luques, Esq., of Kennebunkport. He
made the education of his family a specialty,
graduating his sons, Wilbur Fisk and Francis
Howard, at the Wesleyan University, and fitting
his daughters for teaching.

In 1842 he was appointed postmaster of Kenne-
bunkport, and held the office till 1849. In 1853
he was appointed deputy collector of customs,
weigher, gauger and inspector of the district of

 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
   
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
  
  

 

 

    
  

Ae ettldscoduls cae gc

RESIDENCE or HON. ENOCH COUSENS , KENNEBUNKPORT, ME.
TOWN OF KENNEBUNKPORT. 379

 

River, by Wm. Scadlock and Morgan Howell, about 1630.
For several years Mr. Scadlock acted with the settlers at
Winter Harbor, but when the line between the two towns
became established, his house was found to be on the west
side. No doubt, for a course of years before, fishermen
had visited the islands and harbor of Cape Porpoise during
the summer months, and it is not improbable that a settle-
ment was effected here a few years prior to that of Scad-
lock’s, but there are scarcely any records left of this early
period. It is said to have been called Cape Porpoise first
by Capt. John Smith, from the fact that a school of por-
poises was seen by him off the cape in 1614.

The records of the courts from 1640 and down show
names and some doings of the earliest settlers. In Sep-
tember, 1640, Wm. Scadlock is presented by the grand in-
quest for allowing Thomas Heard to get drunk at his house,
and fined 20s., which, upon his petition, was remitted. He
also appears in 1633 as complainant against one John
Baker for “abusive and opprobious speeches against the
minister and meeting, and for countenancing private meet-
ings and prophesying to the hindrance of public assemblies.”
At the same court Griffin Montague was chosen constable ;
Gregory Jeffries a grand juryman. Commissioners were
appointed to take a census of the ratable polls and an
estimate of taxable property, and Griffin Montague was one
of the commissioners. The county tax at that time was
£91 15s., of which Cape Porpoise paid £4, and in 1662
but £3.

Aug. 26, 1663, a town-meeting was called to settle con-
flicting claims to the marshes in the eastern part of the
town. The marsh was divided between the claimants, and
their proceedings entered in the county records. The popu-
lation of the town could not have been large at that time,
as the following were the only persons that attended the
meeting: Seth Fletcher, John Sanders, John Sanders, Jr.,
Francis Littlefield, Sr., John Bush, Peter Turbat, John
Cirmihill, Griffin Montague, Wm. Kendall, Thomas Mus-
sell, Wm. Renalds, and Wm. Renalds, Jr. Some of the
earliest presentments against the town were for not laying
out roads, living without an orthodox minister, and for not
having the children taught the catechism and educated ac-
cording to law. When Sir Edmund Andros was Governor
in 1688, he annexed the town to Saco. At a legal town-
meeting held for Saco and Cape Porpoise, John Miller and
Nicholas Morey were elected selectmen, and Richard Ran-
dall constable. This union lasted but a few months.

Eight months after this assumption there is a record of
this town’s action. Jan. 24, 1689, at a legal town-meeting
were chosen Lieut. John Purinton, John Downing, John
Miller, John Davis, and Richard Randall, Selectmen ;
Immanuel Haynes, Constable; Lieut. Purinton, Town
Clerk ; Surveyors of Lots and Roads, Lieut. Purinton, Rich-
ard Randall, John Sanders, John Miller, William Barton,
and Jacob Wormwood. There are uo other records of this
town till1719. The Indian troubles wholly depopulated the
town for the most of that period. After the close of the
wars the inhabitants returned, and with the proprietors, in
1716, asked for a restoration of town privileges. June,
1719, it was re-incorporated, and its name changed to Arun-
del, in compliment to the Earl of Arundel. Its name was

 

changed to Kennebunkport by act of the Legislature,
1821. At their first meeting, held March 31, 1719, being
warned by order of John Wheelwright, one of his majesty’s
justices of the peace, Jabez Dorman was chosen moderator ;
James Mussy, Town Clerk ; Andrew Brown, Joseph Bai-
ley, and Humphrey Deerings, Selectmen ; James Tyler and
Allison Brown, Hay-Wards; Thomas Huff, Constable;
John Watson, Tithingman; and Samucl Carr, Surveyor of
Highways.

In 1719 measures were taken to settle land-titles, which
had been much confused by the destruction of the town
records. Those who could bring proper evidence, by deed
or by witnesses, were confirmed in their claims. The
first grant recorded on the new records was 100 acres to
James Mussey, the town clerk.

Grants of 50 acres were offered by the town in 1719 to
new settlers, and they began to flock in, attracted by such
inducements, and soon the town became more flourishing
and populous than it had ever been before. The ferry
across the Kennebunk River was re-established, and the
right of the town in it, with 50 acres of land, was granted
to Stephen Harding, provided he and his heirs keep and
maintain a good ferry-boat, and carry the inhabitants of
the town to and fro without charge. Many other grants
were made,

The first garrison in town is asserted to have been built
by Thomas Huff, on the lot where Clement Huff’s house
now stands.

Peace with the Indians was secured in 1727. Its good
effects were evidenced by action taken to build a meeting
house and to liquidate the town debts. In 1728 occurred
the fourth great earthquake experienced in this section
since its settlement, and many were so frightened that a
reformation resulted, and numbers joined the church in
1728, which hastened its completion, as the action taken
in 1727 had not been successful in building the house.
Thomas Perkins, Hsq., agreed to build it for £170. It
was erected on the spot where Daniel Grant’s house stood,
and, being a few feet larger than agreed upon, the propri-
etors were induced to grant him a gore of land, which was
represented to them as of small value, but which really
was worth then more than the whole house, and now it
is one of the most valuable timber-lots in town.

THE PROPRIETORS.

The increase of settlers, induced by the grants of land,
very much enhanced the value of land not taken up, so that
the older inhabitants who had inherited or purchased their
lands of Gorges or Rigby, or who inhabited the town at the
time President Danforth gave the trustee deed, or had in-
herited or purchased of those who were inhabitants at that
time, claimed all the common and individual lands in town.
Their claims were acquiesced in by the more recently-
settled inhabitants, and in February, 1726, they held a
proprietors’ meeting by virtue of a warrant from John
Wheelright, of Wells. Jabez Dorman was chosen mod-
erator, and Thomas Perkins clerk. At a meeting the
next month the following were entered proprietors: John
Watson and Jabez Dorman, in right of Morgan Howell;
Allison Brown, in right of Christopher Spurrell; Thomas
380 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

Perkins and Stephen Harding, in right of William Run-
nels; James March, in right of Edward Barton; Benjamin
Major, in that of John Davis; Thomas Perkins, Jr., in
that of John Barrett; Thomas Huff, in right of his father,
Ferdinando ; John Storer, in that of Stephen Batson ; ac-
cording to the rights their predecessors had, and in no other
way. It was also voted that every person possessing 50
acres of land in his own right, and an inhabitant of the
town, should have half a vote, and 100 acres should en-
title the possessor to one vote; 200 acres, two votes, and
so on; and it was further ordered that no person not an
inhabitant of the town should have liberty to vote in a
proprietors’ meeting. By this vote Thomas Perkins, Sr.,
Thomas Huff, Sr., John Watson, Sr., Jabez Dorman, Alli-
son Brown, Thomas Perkins, Jr., Humphrey Deering, Ben-
jamin Major, Stephen Harding, Philip Durrell, Sr., Thomas
Huff, Jr., Samuel Carr, Jesse Towne, Joshua Lassel, John
Murphy, John Burbank, John Baxter, Samuel Averill,
Philip Durrell, Jr., George March, Thomas Watson, Jere-
miah Springer, and John Downing became proprietors.
They refused to make Joseph Hill a proprietor, because an
inhabitant of Wells. Others were admitted to rights of
proprietors afterwards in the following order: In 1728,
Benjamin Downing, Jacob Wildes, John Fairfield, Joseph
Averill, Joshua Walker, Jacob Curtis, Thomas Perkins,
Jr., of Kennebunk, Nathaniel Hendricks, Robert Smith,
and John Perkins; in 1729, James March and Pendleton
Fletcher ; in 1730, Thomas Prentice; in 1731, Thomas
Bond, John Treeworgy, Samuel Robinson, Samuel Wildes,
Jeremiah Folsom, Isaac Curtis, Samuel Hutchins, and
Joshua Purinton; in 1737, Robert Cleaves, Jonathan
Stone, John Whitten, John Jellison, and John Morrill; in
1738, Benjamin Durrell, Shadrach Watson, Moses Foster,
Ebenezer Watson, Abel Merrill, James Carr, Thomas Dem-
sey, Jeremiah Miller, Samuel Hutchins, Jr., and Noah
Bailey; in 1763, Thomas Perkins, Esq., Gideon Merrill,
Israel Stone, Joseph Averill, Charles Huff, William Smith,
Humphrey Deering, Andrew Brown, Abner Perkins, Ben-
jamin Burbank, Stephen Harding, Benjamin Downing, and
Samuel Wildes; in 1783, Jabez Dorman, Asa Durrell,
Samuel Robinson, Paul March, John Fairfield, Jacob
Wildes, John Walker, Jacob Curtis, Dummer Mitchell,
John Adams, Levi Hutchins, Benjamin Meeds Lord, Jon-
athan Stone, and Tobias Lord. The last proprietors’
meeting was held July 3, 1780, and the last entry made
by their clerk was April 3, 1790.

The first settlement upon the Saco road in 1728 origi-
nated in grants of land to Stephen Averill, Edward Mel-
cher, John Staggpole, John Baxter, Ensign John Watson,
John Whitten, James Deshon, Jabez Dorman, John Morg-
ing, Samuel Perkins, John Merrill, John Alltimes, Samuel
Morging, and Benjamin Haley, 100 acres each from the
proprietors, on condition they should settle and remain
there ten years, unless some extraordinary thing should
force them to remove or they should lose their lives; they
were also to build a good garrison on lot near Card Brook.
For these lots they were to pay 10s., and draw for location.
The proprietors also laid out to themselves 40 acres to every
100 acres they were in possession of by paying 20s. towards
helping the first settlers build their garrison. These were

 

afterwards known as the draft lots. The garrison stood
where Thomas Dorman lived. Jabez Dorman kept a public-
house as early as 1738 on this road (as did also Robert
Patten in 1750), near its intersection with the Port road.
These grauts of lots were the last made by the proprietors
to induce strangers to settle in the town.

In 1731 parties laid claim to most of the land in towm
on title acquired by Maj. Phillips from an Indian sagamore,
Mogg Megone, of Saco, in 1664; but the claim was not
pressed till several years after, and then it resulted disas-
trously to the claimants, since which it has never been
revived.

In a few preserved leaves of old records is found this
entry: At a legal town-meeting, Feb. 14, 1678-79, John
Batson, John Saunders, and John Purinton were chosen
selectmen, Humphrey Scamman constable, and John Bar-
ret, Sr., grand juryman.

Feb. 7, 1678, William Frost was granted the privilege
of erecting a saw-mill at the falls on Goffe’s Creek, and
also 100 acres of upland and 20 of meadow in any place
not granted.

April 9, 1680-81, granted to Joseph and Edmund Lit-
tlefield 100 acres of upland on the east side of Kennebunk
River, as near as may be to the upper falls, near the Indian
planting-ground, for the purpose of building mills. Land
was granted to different parties, and free liberty given to
John Batson to build a saw-mill at the third falls on Middle
or Batson River, and to John Purinton, Isaac Cole, and
Samuel York to build mills on the same river, and to cut
timber anywhere on the town commons.

On what is left of the old Cape Porpoise records there
are found the following names: John Barrett, Humphrey
Scamman, John Batson, John Saunders, William Frost,
Joseph Littlefield, Edmund Littlefield, John Miller, John
Miller, Jr., William Thomas, William Batson, Richard Ran-
dall, Thomas Mussey, Isaac Cole, Samuel York, John Down-
ing, John Davis, Immanuel Haynos, Jacob Wormwood,
Nicholas Morey, John Runnells, John Loring, Richard
Blanchet, Simon Cundey, Emanuel Davis, John Purinton,
and John Purinton, Jr. Other persons dwelling in the town
in the early period are taken from other sources, They were
Ambrose Berry, John Baker, William Reynolds, William
Reynolds, Jr., Stephen Batson, Peter Turbat, Peter Turbat,
Jr., John Turbat, Nicholas Bartlett, Phanea Hall, Gilbert
Endicott, William Roberts, Richard Hix, John Bush,
Richard Young, Edward Jones, Henry Hatherly, Arthur
Wormstall, John Ellson, Samuel Oakman, James Carry,
Andrew Alger, Jonas Clay, Morgan Howell, Stephen Bat-
son (2d), Edward Clark, Gregory Jeffery, Edward Barton,
Fernando Huff, Jonathan Springer, Christopher Spurrell,
Thomas Warner, John Cole, Simon Teoft, Simon Bussy,
Jenkins, Thomas Perkins, Thomas Dorman, Thomas
Boardman, Seth Fletcher, John Dayment, Thomas Merrill,
John Sanders, Jr., Thomas Sanders, John and Samuel
Seadlock, John Jeffery, John Lux, Walter Penniwell,
Robert Cook, Barrow, Samuel Johnson, John Rose,
John Webber, Francis Beggar, Anthony Littlefield, Francis
Littlefield, Sr., John Cirmihill, William Kindall, Thomas
Mussell, John Trott, William Norman, Richard Ball, Henry
Singleman, and Roger Willine.

 

 
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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TOWN OF KENNEBUNKPORT. 381

 

INDIAN TROUBLES.

In 1688, Mr. Bussey and Mr. Barrow, with their families,
were taken prisoners by the Indians, and carried to Tecon-
net. War between France and England was declared Dee.
7, 1689. For the protection of this settlement a fort was
erected on Stage Island, and a company of men under Lieut.
Purinton stationed there. When Governor Andros returned
to Massachusetts (1690) the troops deserted, and the In-
dians made their appearance in large numbers. Those who
lived on the shore between Kennebunk and the cape, at
Turbat’s Creek, Cleaves’ Cove, and at the mouth of the
river, removed to Wells. Those at the cape retired to the
fort, and were soon besieged by the Indians. After main-
taining the siege some time, Nicholas Morey, a lame man,
proposed to take a broken canoe, the only boat in their pos-
session, and seek assistance. Accordingly, one dark night,
he embarked in his frail vessel, reached Portsmouth in
safety, procured relief, and returned with it the second day.
As they sailed into the harbor the crew discharged a small
swivel at the Indians, who fled. The inhabitants were
taken on board, and did not return for ten years. Again
war between France and England was declared in 1702,
and the settlers, who had but just returned, were exposed
to the attacks of the Indians, and in 1703 the settlement
was attacked and entirely destroyed.

Indian troubles were again threatened in 1720, and 10
soldiers from Massachusetts were sent into town and sta-
tioned here. A number of garrison-houses were erected,
and people prepared for the enemy. Kennebunkport shared
with the neighboring towns all the horrors of the Indian
troubles, and many are the thrilling incidents that are
related of these trying times, but space forbids their
mention here in this work.

REVOLUTION.

James Burnham was chosen a delegate to Boston in
1768 to deliberate upon the state of affairs. In 1773,
John Hovey, Tobias Lord, and Asa Burbank were dele-
gates to a County Congress at York, to consider what
means should be taken for the welfare and peace of the
country, and in December Benjamin Durrell, John Hovey,
Thomas Wisnell, Jonathan Stone, and James Burnham
were chosen a committee of inspection, and Thomas Per-
kins was chosen captain of the town forces. In 1774 two
companies of militia instead of one were formed,—one com-
manded by Jonathan Stone, the other by Benjamin Dur-
rell, the lieutenant of the former company. The lieuten-
ants were James Perkins, William Smith, Tobias Lord,
and Daniel Merrill. The news of the battle of Lexington
was received in town three days after it occurred, where-
upon Benjamin Durrell, John Hovey, John Whitten, and
Joshua Nason were chosen a committee to borrow money
to furnish the town with ammunition. Many citizens
flocked to Cambridge and joined the army, some of whom
took part in the battle of Bunker Hill. John Hovey was
chosen to represent the town in the Provincial Congress,
and also as representative to the General Court. In 1776,
Benjamin Durrell, John Whitten, Gideon Walker, John
Hovey, and Charles Huff were chosen committee of
safety, etc., and John Whitten was appointed to receive

 

rags for manufacture of paper for the use of the province.
The committee of safety in 1777 were John Hovey, Ben-
jamin Meeds Lord, Elisha Boyle, Jonathan Stone, and
Abner Perkins.

Committee of safety in 1778, Col. Jonathan Stone, John
Hovey, Benjamin Meeds Lord, Maj. Benjamin Durrell,
and Capt. Tobias Lord. Men and money were raised,
and no town of its means can show a better record of
patriotic action than this during the struggle for inde-
pendence.

The harbor of Cape Porpoise during the war received
but one visit from the enemy. In August, 1782, an Eng-
lish brig of 18 guns came into the harbor and took a
schooner and a sloop belonging to Newbury. Samuel
Wildes, who was partially deranged, went out to them in
a small canoe, and ordered them to give up the vessels and
leave the port; he was fired at and wounded in several
places, but escaped. The inhabitants soon collected on
Trott’s Island, and afterwards passed to Goat Island, and
a conflict ensued; a number of English'were killed, and
they were compelled to leave the harbor. Capt. James
Burnham was killed as he was about to discharge his gun,
which was the only loss or injury the Americans sustained.

LIST OF REVOLUTIONARY SOLDIERS FROM KENNEBUNK-
PORT.

Silas Abbott, William Adams, died in the army; Shad-
rach Avery; John Burbank, sergeant, settled in Lyman
after the war; Thomas L. Bickford, corporal, wounded,
afterwards killed ; Joseph Burnham, son of Isaac, removed ;
Andrew Brown, removed ; Forest Burnham; Eliakim Bick-
ford, lost at sea after the war; Thomas Boston, entered
from Wells; Shibberd Boston, Israel Burbank; John
Bragdon, entered from York ; Jacob Burnham ; Jacob Cur-
tis, ensign, cast away and died on Plum Island; Joseph
Cluff, sergeant, settled in Hollis; Enoch Clough, died at
sea before close of war; John Clough, settled in Newfield ;
Abner Crediford; Noah Clough, wounded in attack on
Quebec; William Cleaves, removed ; James Cleaves, Wil-
burn Chatman, David Clark; William Currier, entered
from Wells; David Durrell, sergeant, removed to Liming-
ton ; Josiah Dorman, sergeant, wounded and died in army;
Thomas Durell, sergeant ; John Dorman, corporal ; Elipha-
let Davis, drum-major ; Nathaniel Davis, Jr., died at Platts-
burgh, in war 1812; Daniel Davis, removed; Timothy
Davis, removed ; Joseph Dencio, Jr., died at Valley Forge,
1778; Benjamin Downing, Nicholas Downing; James
Deshon, died at Lake Champlain, 1776; Stephen Dorman,
removed; Stephen Brown, entered from Wells; Harrison
Downing, Israel Dorman, John Deshon; Ephraim Dor-
man, died in service; Abner Dassance; Joseph Denew,
died in service ; Dominicus Davis, died in service; Thomas
Dorman; George Emmons, died in army; John Fairfield,
William Fairfield, Stephen Fairfield; James Fisher, en-
tered from N. C.; John Goodwin, ensign, short term; Wil-
liam Goodrich, removed; Bartholomew Goodwin, hired by
town, died in service; Daniel Goodrich ; James Gould, re-
moved to Limerick ; Eastman Hutchins, sergeant, removed
to Alfred; Simeon Hutchins, removed to Kennebunk;
Joseph Ham, hired by town, 100 acres land; Robert Hans-
382: HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

com; Samuel Hutchins (3d), marked on roll as deserter ;
Samuel Hutchins, Daniel Huff; Asa Hutchins, prisoner at
Quebec, joined the British; Thomas Huff, removed to
Kennebunk ; Josiah Huff, Charles Huff; Amos Hutchins,
died in service at Champlain ; Levi Hutchins, Jr., removed
to Alfred; Enoch Hutchins, died in army; Roger Ham-
mond, came from Rochester, Mass.; Joseph Hutchins, re-
moved; John Jeffery; Abraham Lord, son of Benjamin ;
Benjamin Lewis; Nathaniel Lord, wounded, died in prison
at Quebec, son of Tobias; Daniel Lord, removed ; Benja-
min Lord, removed to Alewives, Kennebunk; Dominicus
Lord, removed to Kennebunk, son of Tobias; Jeremiah
Lord, son of Capt. Tobias ; Bartholomew Lassel, removed to
Biddeford; Benjamin Littlefield, stationed at Portland;
Caleb Lassel, removed to Waterborough; Joseph Lewis,
died in service ; Dummer Mitchell, ensign, short term ; Ben-
jamin Miller, sergeant ; Jacob Merrill, Abel Merrill, Dagger
Mitchell; Pierce Murphy, Jr., removed to Lyman; John
Millet, entered in Masssachusetts; Joshua Nason, Jr., en-
sign ; Benjamin Nason, removed to New Hampshire; John
Nason, hired by town, died in service ; Edward Nason, John
Patten ; Jacob Rhoades, removed to Lyman; Daniel Record;
John Rhoads; Benjamin Rhoads, lost in a privateer from
Portsmouth ; Abraham Rideout, came from Brunswick ;
Moss Rhoads, removed to Waterborough ; Moses Stevens,
sergeant ; Samuel Smith, brother to Jeremiah, died at Hali-
fax ; John Stone, died in service at Lake Champlain ; An-
drew Stone; Joseph Smith, removed to Hollis; Samuel
Smith, Dudley Stone; Jonathan Smith, removed; John
Sutton, removed; Benjamin Stone, Nehemiah Stone, Jona-
than Stone; Andrew Sherburne, Baptist minister, naval
station, removed ; Richard Thompson ; Ephraim Thomp-
son, removed to Lyman; James Thompson; Alexander
Thompson, removed ; Nathan Thompson; Joseph Towne,
died in army at Lake Champlain; Jonathan Thompson,
Benjamin Thompson ; Robert Towne, son of Lieut. Amos;
John Walker, ensign, removed ; Ephraim Wildes, sergeant;
Samuel Whitten, corporal, removed; Robert White, re-
moved ; Benjamin Wildes ; Jonathan Walker, impressed’ in
British man-of-war and died; Rufus White, killed in Pen-
obscot expedition; George Walker; Joseph Whitten, re-
moved to Lyman; Daniel Walker, Nathaniel Wakefield ;
Charles White, removed to Parsonsfield ; Samuel Whitten,
Jr., removed ; John Wildes, died in army; Daniel White,
father of Rufus; Israel Whitten; Jacob Wildes, Jr., son
of Jacob, removed.

CAPTAINS FROM THIS TOWN, PLACE OF SERVICE, ETC.

Jesse Dorman, at Cambridge, 1776; lieut. at Lake George,
1758; Tobias Lord, surrender of Burgoyne, White Plains,
Saratoga; Daniel Merrill, Cambridge, 1775-76 ; Hubbards-
town, surrender of Burgoyne ; served until the close of the
war; Joshua Nason ; James Perkins, on the North River,
1776-77. Lieutenants were James Burnham, killed at Cape
Porpoise, in 1782; John Lord, son of Tobias; Tobias Lord,
son of Tobias, removed to Kennebunk; Lemuel Miller;
Amos Towne was at Dorchester Heights in 1776; his
father was under Sir William Pepperell, at siege of Louis-
bourg.

 

SIEGE OF LOUISBOURG.

In the Louisbourg enterprise in 1745, a company of men
went from this town commanded by Capt. Thomas Perkins,
Lieut. John Burbank, and Ensign John Murphy. In the
war of 1812 a fort was built at Kennebunk Point, and a
battery erected at Butler’s Rock, commanding the entrance
of the river, to protect the shipping above. Here was sta-
tioned a company from Limington, under Capt. Small.
Notwithstanding the danger of capture, a coast-trade was
kept up during the war in small vessels, with the loss of
one. Several privateers were fitted out, some under Danish
colors, but few were fortunate, most of them being captured
by the enemy.

SOIL AND PRODUCTS.

The surface of the town is moderately uneven, having
neither high hills, mountains, nor plains. The soil in the
southern part is rocky, with some valuable salt marsh; in
other parts it is clayey, and produces fine grass, corn, and
potatoes. Rev. Thomas Prentice introduced potatoes, but
they were not extensively cultivated until many years after-
wards.

The water-powers are mostly small and located upon
brooks which supply power but a portion of the year.
Upon the Kennebunk there are three powers, improved by
Bartlett’s mill, Mason’s saw- and carding-mill, and a shingle-
and clapboard-mill in the northwestern part ; two on Goff’s
Creek, a tide-mill on Long Creek, in the village, two on
Batson River, one with twelve feet fall, and one on Smith’s
Brook. These are occupied mostly by saw-mills, at which
considerable lumber is annually prepared for market.

INDUSTRIES.

For many years fishing formed the principal branch of
industry, and some trade in vessels from Boston and other
places on the coast was carried on. There was one vessel
owned in the town in 1742 called “ Huff’s old sloop.” As
early as 1794 ship-building was commenced at Cape Por-
poise Harbor; several vessels were built, and a flourishing
West India trade sprang up, and some acquired wealth.
About 1725, Thomas Wiswall built the first wharf at the
village, and engaged in fishing, lumbering, and West India
trade. He sent out the first vessel to the West Indies from
this district, under command of Capt. James Hovey. At
the close of the Revolution there were but four houses at
the village, but ship-building, lumbering, and the West In-
dia trade, which proved very profitable, were extensively
engaged in. The wealth and business of the town, hitherto
at Cape Porpoise, soon became centered here. In 1800 a
custom-house was established at Kennebunk, but was re-
moved to this village in 1815, where it still remains. So
large was the shipping interest that, during the war between
France and England, some 30 or 40 vessels belonging to
the Kennebunk River were taken as prizes by those nations,
and in the war of 1812 the river was crowded with dis-
mantled shipping. As early as 1798 a company was incor-
porated to build piers to improve the entrance of the river,
and was allowed toll on tonnage to repay them. In 1819
the United States built wooden piers, which required fre-
quent repair. In 1834 these were replaced by stone taken
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

ce eae

RIVER AND BOATING VIEW. as PARKER - HOUSE.

 

W.C. PARKE a es OF HOUSE.

 
TOWN OF KENNEBUNKPORT. 383

 

from granite quarries opened in town, and since that time
stone has been quarried for New York and other markets.
The navigation of the river was further improved by a draw
in Durrell’s bridge in 1800, and by a lock just above the
village, which rendered it navigable for considerable vessels
to the landing in Kennebunk, where vessels of 900 tons or
more were built until recently.

The village received an act of incorporation in February,
1837, with the following limits: Beginning at mouth of
Bass Cove, on Kennebunk River; thence by the branch of
the said cove, called Rhodes’ Creek, to the town road;
thence northeast one hundred rods; thence southerly to in-
clude house of John Curtis; thence southerly to the sea,
through the middle of Great Pond; thence by seashore to
mouth of Kennebunk River; thence by said river to Bass
Cove.

The cluster of islands on the coast from Cape Porpoise
Harbor are much frequented for protection during storms.
The entrance is between Goat and Folly Islands, and is
dangerous on account of a large rock, called “ Old Prince.”
The lighthouse on Goat Island was established in 1833.

DISTINGUISHED MEN.

Morgan Howell, whose name stands first on the list of
those who signed the articles of submission to Massachu-
setts in 1653, was one of the earliest planters who came
over with Vines in 1630, and settled near Little River, but
moved not long after, and built a house on Montague’s
Neck. In 1643 he obtained a grant from Thomas Gorges
of 30 acres, where he lived, 100 on Cape Porpoise, and 60
on Little River. This grant is the oldest in town on record.
He was a member of Rigby’s court of assistants in 1646,
and one of the leading men in the province under his gov-
ernment; one of the committee for settling the line between
Wells and this town in 1660. It is probable that he had
no children, for at his death he left his property to Mrs.
Mary Bowles.

Gregory Jeffery received a grant from Cleaves, agent of
Rigby, in 1648, of 200 acres in the village of Cape Por-
poise, besides three small islands in the harbor—Folly,
Goat, and Greene—and 10 acres of marsh. Richard Moore
and John Bush assigned their grants of 400 acres each to
him in 1652. In 1658 he conveyed his three islands to
Brian Pendleton. His descendants are still numerous, and
have possession of a portion of the old grant.

Griffin Montague lived on Montague’s Neck, giving it
that name. His house stood near where that of Joseph
Hutchins stood.

Peter Turbat was an early settler, whose name appears
as a signer of the submission to Massachusetts. He lived
at Turbat’s Creek, and was interested in a large tract of
land purchased of an Indian chief in Lyman.

John Barrett, Jr., married Mary, daughter of Edmund
Littlefield, and removed to this town about 1666. He
was engaged in numerous lawsuits and in settling the es-
tates of his neighbors. In 1678 he was grand juryman,
built a new saw-mill in 1680, was called ensign in 1681,
and a town officer. He died in 1689, and in the inventory
of his property are mentioned nine sheep, the first noticed
in town. He left several children, whom the war scattered.

 

John Bush, an early settler and planter, received a grant
of 400 acres on Batson’s River in 1648 from George
Cleaves, Rigby’s agent. In 1650 he assigned the grant to
Richard Moore, who, in 1652, sold it to Gregory Jeffery.
He removed from Wells about 1655, and settled near Step-
ping-Stone Creek or Back Cove. He was one of the three
original proprietors of Lyman. He died 1670.

John Saunders, Sr., was a resident of Wells in 1645,
being on the jury that year. He was appointed ferryman
at mouth of Mousam River that same year, where he re-
sided till his removal to this town, about 1664. He was
one of the original proprietors of Lyman, and at his death,
in 1670, left 1000 acres of the tract to John, Jr. John,
Jr., was a voter in 1663, a selectman in 1678, and a lot-
layer in 1681, which office he held until the abandonment
of the town, in 1690.

John Purinton was a son of George Purinton, of York.
He married Mary Scamman, and removed to this town.
He lived, “at this time, on Kennebunk: River, above In-
terval Point.” He was grand juror in 1668, town clerk,
and one of the selectmen till the town was deserted. He
had a grant of land from the town in 1681, near his resi-
dence. He wrote a good hand, was possessed of a fair
education, and was active in the affairs of the town. He
was one of the trustees to whom Danforth gave the deed
of the town. He was a lieutenant in 1688, and com-
manded a company stationed at the fort on Stage Island.
He left town in 1690, and died two or three years after.
His children were John, James, Joshua, and possibly
others. James administered on his father’s estate, and
was required to produce the town records in the hands of
his father at the time of desertion. Joshua was a shoe-
maker, and married a daughter of Philip Durrell. In
1732 he was allowed a grant of 100 acres, and was made
a proprietor, for producing Danforth’s deeds.

Nicholas Morey is first mentioned on county records in
1680. He came from Wells to this town in 1686, had a
grant of 100 acres on Kennebunk River, next to John
Reynolds’ lot, and received a license to keep a house of
entertainment and to retail all sorts of liquors. He kept
a public-house several years, was a town commissioner for
allowing bounties on wolves in 1687, was selectman in
1688, chosen by Saco for this town, and was the lame man
that went for relief to Portsmouth in 1690, as see “ Indian
Troubles.”

Thomas Perkins had a town grant of land in 1681, and
was probably the father of Thomas “of Kennebunk,”
who removed to this place in 1720, and as the heir of the
original grantee had it renewed to him. He came from
Greenland, N. H., and purchased from the William Rey-
nolds’ heirs all the land lying between the Kennebunk River
and a line running from Bass Cove through Great Pond to
the sea. As this had been mortgaged to Francis Johnson
and purchased by Stephen Harding, a contest as to right
of soil ensued, which resulted in Capt. Perkins retaining
fourteen-fifteenths of the track. He erected a garrison
house by Butler’s Rocks, near the spot formerly occupied
by a house of William Reynolds. He died about 1741,
leaving eight, if not nine, children, viz., John, Thomas,
Lemuel, Samuel, George, Alverson, and perhaps Zacheus,
384 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

Mary, and Chasey. All were born before he came into
town.

Thomas, Jr., married Lydia Harding. He commanded
a company from this town at surrender of Louisbourg, in
1745, and was wrecked in going to Annapolis, in 1747. It
is traditional that he was king’s surveyor of trees suitable
for masts in 1749. The court passed an act in 1721
declaring all trees fit for masts the property of the king.
Governor Wentworth, of New Hampshire, was appointed
surveyor of woods in 1741, and Capt. Perkins was prob-
ably a deputy under him. The woods were inspected, and
trees suitable for masts were marked with a broad arrow,
to indicate they were not to be cut under penalty of £100
sterling for each. He died Feb. 22,1752. It is supposed
he built the house now occupied by Tristram J. Perkins,
about 1730.

Ensign Thomas Perkins came from Topfield in 1719,
and bought the land belonging to the John Barrett heirs,
and was made a proprietor in Barrett’s right. Several
years he served as town clerk, and was proprietor’s clerk
till his death, in 1761. His son Thomas was also town
clerk, and several times representative to the General Court.
He died in 1794. These two Perkins families married and
intermarried, so that now it is difficult to trace them to the
parent stock. They have ever maintained an honorable
standing in town, and had much to do in the management
of its affairs. No other name is so frequently found upon
the town records, as officers of it, as the name of Perkins.

Jacob Wormwood was a son of William of Kittery,
and came to the town before 1661. He was surveyor of
land 1689. Thomas, son of Jacob, removed to the town
from Kittery, and had charge of Harding’s garrison in
1724, when his son William was killed.

Jacob Wildes, Jr., was a soldier at Lake Champlain,
1776. Subsequently he became master of a privateer,
fitted out at Salem, called the “Grayhound.” He sailed
from Cape Porpoise, April, 1781. He took several prizes,
some of which were retaken. Afterwards the “ Grayhound”
was captured, and the crew taken to Halifax, but were soon
exchanged. A second “ Grayhound” was fitted out, com-
manded by Capt. Wildes, which captured several prizes.
He was lost at sea in 1785.

Thomas L. Bickford was sergeant in Capt. Daniel Mor-
rill's company in 1776. He was wounded at Hubbards-
town, in the retreat from Ticonderoga. He was in the
first three years’ service, and was killed in attempting to
board a prison-ship to quell an insurrection of British pris-
oners at Boston. He had distinguished himself for bravery
on several occasions, and was a young man of much promise.

Tobias and Benjamin Meeds Lord were cousins; came
into town about 1747, purchased land on Saco road of
Jeremiah Folsom, and built a garrison, which they occupied
together. They were born at Rocky Hill, South Berwick,
and were descendants of Robert Lord, who came to Ipswich,
Mass., in 1636-37, and died in 1683. He served in the
early Indian wars twenty years, and became so hardy a
soldier that when he left the service he could not endure
the luxury of a feather-bed. He was short of stature, but
nevertheless one of the most athletic men in the army.
On one occasion the Indians proposed to decide a battle by

 

single combat, and Robert was appointed champion on the
part of the colonists. It was agreed he should stand against
the strongest Indian they could select. The antagonists
were to meet each other at full speed half-way between the
two parties, close, and take what was called an Indian hug.
An immense Indian, seven feet high, was selected. Lord
being a short and comparatively a small man, the Indian
anticipated an easy victory. They closed like two lions,
and in an instant the Indian bit the dust. Not satisfied,—
amid the shouts of one party, and the reproaches and
lamentations of the other,—they agreed to rush and clinch
again. In the second encounter Lord took a hip-lock of
the giant Indian, threw him so far and so heavily as to
burst a blood-vessel, and the savages were compelled to
acknowledge themselves beaten. The Indians afterwards
reported that the little man obtained his strength from the
white devil of the English army. This Robert left four
sons,—Thomas, Samuel, Robert, and Nathaniel. The first
two removed to Charlestown ; the last remained in Ipswich,
and from them have descended the numerous’ families in
New England. About 1700 thfee of this name, said to
be brothers, came from Ipswich to South Berwick; their
names were Abraham, Nathan (perhaps Nathaniel), and
John. John was the ancestor from whom the Kennebunk-
port and Kennebunk families are descended. His sons were
John, Thomas, and Tobias; Tobias left but one son,—the one
that moved to this town, before mentioned. He married
Jane Smith, and his children were John, married to Charity
Curtis; Jane, married John Stone; Tobias, married Mehit-
able Kimball and Hepsah Conant ; Lydia ; Samuel Kimball ;
Nathaniel, died in the army; Betsey, married Benjamin
Thompson ; Daniel, married Mary Washburne ; Dominicus,
married Mary Currier; Jeremiah and David, died young;
and Thomas, married Mary Durrell.

1. John’s children were Jane, Sally, Jacob, Betsey,
Phebe, Mary, Hannah, John (who died young), and John.
2. Tobias removed to Kennebunk. Two of his sons after-
wards lived here,—Tobias and Nathaniel,—and were the
wealthiest persons in town. Tobias married Hannah Per-
kins, and Nathaniel, Phebe Walker. 3. Nathaniel was in
Arnold’s expedition against Quebec, was wounded, taken
prisoner, and died in prison. 4. Daniel removed to Penob-
scot. 5. Dominicus to Kennebunk. 6. Thomas’ children
were David, Betsey, Jane, Asa, and Mary.

CIVIL LIST.
REPRESENTATIVES.

John Hovey, of this town, was a member of the Pro-
vincial Congress. Joshua Herrick was representative to
the Twenty-eighth Congress, in 1843-45. The following
is a list of representatives from 1723 to 1835:

Allison Brown, 1723; Jabez Dorman, 1724; Capt. Thomas Perkins,
1746; Thomas Perkins, Jr., 1751-60; Capt. Thomas Perkins,
1761; Thomas Perkins, Esq., 1765-73; Thomas Wiswall, 1774;
John Hovey, 1775; Benjamin Durrell, 1776; Jacob Wildes,
1777; John Hovey, 1778-82; Thomas Perkins, 1784; John
Hovey, 1785; Thomas Perkins, 1787; John Hovey, 1789-90;
Thomas Perkins, 1791; Jacob Wildes, 1792-96; Thomas Per-
Kins, 1797-1801; Robert Towne, 1802; Thomas Perkins (3d),
1803-5; Hliphalet Perkins, 1806-7; Thomas Perkins, 1808-9;
Tobias Lord, 1810-11; Seth Burnham, Eliphalet Perkins, 1812-
 

S.H.GOULD.

 

RESIDENCE

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Sette

OF S.H.GOULD, KENNEBUNKPORT, ME

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
TOWN OF KENNEBUNKPORT. 385

 

13; Thomas Perkins, 1814-15 ; Joseph Perkins, 1816-18; Joseph
Perkins, Smith Bradbury, 1819; Simon Nowell, 1820-23; Robert
Towne, 1824; Daniel W. Lord, 1825-28; Jonathan Stone, 1829;
John G. Perkins, 1830; Ephraim Perkins, 1831-33; John G.
Perkins, 1834-35,

TOWN CLERKS.

Some of the early town clerks since the reincorporation
were the following:

James Mussey, 1719; Ensign Thomas Perkins, 1720-22; James
March, 1723-24; Thomas Perkins, Jr., 1725; Thomas Perkins,
1726-29; Thomas Perkins, Jr., 1730; Capt. Thomas Perkins,
1731-49 ; Benjamin Downing, 1750-52; Thomas Perkins, Esq.,
1753-54; Thomas Perkins, Jr., 1755-67; Benjamin Downing,
1768-92; William Smith, 17938-1815; Seth Burnham, 1816-23;
Henry Clark, 1824-27; Asaph Moody, 1828-30; Silas Moody,
1831; Joshua Herrick, 1832-35 ; Silas Moody, 1836.

CHURCHES.
FIRST CONGREGATIONAL CHURCH.

When the Massachusetts commissioners (1653) organ-
ized the government of the town, being opposed by those
who called themselves the church in Cape Porpoise, they
declared that body dissolved. From this action it would
appear that some religious form had been observed here at
that time, though no records remain to prove it. In 1719
an agreement was made with Rev. John Eveleth to preach
one-fourth of a year. The next year he was engaged for
the whole time, and was further encouraged to remain by
the town assisting him to build a house, which was also
meeting- and town-house. For about nine years he was
considered the minister. The people were poor and his sal-
ary was small. In 1726 the town voted to raise £20, to
pay Mr. Eveleth’s salary and other town expenses. Mr.
Eveleth was a graduate of Harvard. He was not only
their minister and school-teacher, but was a good black-
smith and farmer, and the best fisherman in town. In
1729 the town voted to dismiss him. He removed to Kit-
tery, where he died. In November, 1730, Thomas Pren-
tice was ordained, at which time a church was organized.
Mr. Prentice remained pastor for eight years, when, at his
earnest request, he was reluctantly dismissed. Mr. John
Hovey was engaged to preach a short time in 1740, and
in September, 1741, became pastor. By advice of a coun-
cil he was dismissed in June, 1768, and the church was
again without a minister. During Mr. Hovey’s ministry
the subject of removing the meeting-house to a more cen-
tral point, to better accommodate the enlarging settlement,
was agitated, and caused much strife and bitterness of feel-
ing. Encouraged by the wrangling, two boys set fire to the
old meeting-house on the night of April 28, 1763, and it
was consumed. Unable to agree among themselves as to a
new location, it was referred to Rishworth Jordan and
Jeremiah Hill, of Saco, and Joseph Sawyer, of Wells, and
they decided in favor of the location on Burbank Hill, and
a house was erected in 1764, where it now stands. Two
or three years passed in efforts to obtain a minister. In
1770 the town gave Mr. Silas Moody a call, which he at
length accepted, and was ordained Jan. 19,1771. He sus-
tained a pastorate of forty-four and one-quarter years, which
was dissolved by death, April 7, 1816, and his successor, Mr.
George Payson, was ordained July 3, 1816. At this time

49

 

there were but eighteen members, and the deacons were
John Hovey and Asa Burbank. Mr. Payson’s health was
feeble, which induced him to ask a dismission, which was
granted July 19, 1820. Mr. Joseph P. Fessenden, as his
successor, was ordained Oct. 25, 1820. During his minis-
try, which closed by dismissal at his request, November,
1829, a new meeting-house was built in the village, and
more or less difficulty ensued as to ministrations. After
reference to a committee it was decided, in 1828, to hold
meetings constantly at the village. Rev. Cephas H. Kent
was the successor of Mr. Fessenden, and was installed Nov.
10,1830. The stand in favor of temperance was taken by
vote and resolved in 1831. Mr. Kent was dismissed April
25, 1832, and, August 22d, Levi Smith received a call, and
was installed Dec. 20, 1832. The parish fund, which had
accumulated in 1833 to about $1400, and the income of
which had been the cause of much strife among the differ-
ent societies that had arisen since its establishment, was
this year agreed to be placed in the town treasury for the
payment of debts and current expenses of the town. The
articles of faith were abridged in August, 1835. An ami-
cable separation of the churches was effected by vote upon
communication of Rev. Mr. Smith, Jan. 10, 1838. Mr.
Smith was granted dismission by council, Jan. 10, 1838.
Rev. Silas Baker followed, Aug. 30, 1839, and was dis-
missed Oct. 17,1842. The Rev.S. B. Gilbert took charge
Oct. 1, 1842, and was dismissed April 10,1847. The Rev.
Ivory Kimball supplied during summer of 1847; Rev. Hi-
ram ©. Daniels through fall and winter till April, 1848;
Rev. Henry Eddy for a period, and then Mr. Daniels again,
closing his labors with the church April 30,1849. The
Rev. John Baker commenced second Sunday of June, 1849,
installed September 26th, and dismissed Feb. 24, 1856.
Rev. J. B. Thurston supplied the pulpit six months from
middle of December, 1856. ‘he Rev. Morris Holman be-
gan a ministry July 11, 1858, and terminated it Nov. 12,
1862; Rev. John Parsons, April 1, 1863, closed Oct. 1,
1866. J.S. Cogswell, of Bangor Seminary, supplied during
his vacation in 1867. The Rev. Thomas N. Lord com-
menced February, 1869, and the Rev. William A. Merrill
began as stated supply April 1, 1871.- Present member-
ship, 57.
SOUTH CONGREGATIONAL CHURCH

was formed Jan. 10, 1838, upon petition of 70 members of
First Church, living near and in the village. The shipping
interest had so increased the village that in 1824 the meet-
ing-house was built there and dedicated. At first the meet-
ings of the First Church were held half the time in the old
meeting-house and half the time in the new. Finally the
villagers desired the meetings to be held most, if not all, the
time there. On this rock the church divided, and an ami-
cable separation was effected. Rev. Levi Smith, pastor of
the First Church, received dismission, and became pastor of
the Second. The council for dismission officiated at his
installation the same day. The Rev. Samuel Hopkins
preached the sermon on the occasion. The next day the
church chose as their first deacon Oliver Walker, and invited
the two deacons, Seth Burnham and William Smith, of the
First Church, to officiate as such on communion days, while
the two churches should worship together. May 27th, Is-
386 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

rael Stone was chosen second deacon. June 6th a delegate
was sent to Boston to gain the church admission to the Con-
ference. Mr. Smith asked, and was granted, dismission,
April 14, 1839. April 29th of the same year, Rev. John
Baker was engaged for one year, and was continucd as stated
supply till October, 1845. Rev. S. H. Merrill supplied
most of 1846. The Rev. Henry Eddy was installed Jan.
6, 1847, and dismissed May 9, 1848. Aug. 9, 1848, Rev.
G. A. Bowman was ordained, and dismissed at-his request
by council, April 19, 1854. Philip Titeomb accepted a call
to the pastorate, Nov. 4, 1854; installed July 11, 1855, and
dismissed Dec. 21,1864. From Aug. 3, 1865, to Feb. 25,
1866, the Rev. William W. Dow supplied, and the Rev.
Edward Chase supplied from April 25, 1866, to April 5,
1868. Rev. William H. Cutler was voted a call Aug. 20,
1868. In March, 1870, Rev. John W. Savage engaged
for one year, but remained till October, 1871.

FIRST BAPTIST CHURCH.

A meeting-house was built in the upper part of the town
in 1797, and the people petitioned the town to allow Mr.
Silas Moody to preach for them one-third of the time; this
the town refused to do, and finally, unable to support Con-
gregational preaching, they allowed the Baptists, who had
been holding meetings in this section for some years, to use
the house. Mr. Timothy Remick, of Parsonsfield, preached
a few Sabbaths, and was succeeded by Rev. Andrew Sher-
burne. In 1802 the brethren agreed to consider them-
selves a Baptist society. A church of 13 members was
constituted, and Mr. Sherburne ordained Sept. 28, 1803.
The following year the church, 28 in number, joined the
New Hampshire Association. Elder Sherburne continued
a useful and successful minister in this church till 1819,
when he removed to Ohio. In 1818 its total membership
was 92. The Rev. Jonathan Day succeeded, November,
1820, but the formation of two churches about this time
in the neighborhood so diminished the membership that
he was dismissed in 1827, and in 1829 it was dropped from
the Association and became extinct. The mecting-house
stood on the old Limerick road, about one-third of a mile
above the Portland, Saco and Portsmouth Railroad, until a
few years since.

KENNEBUNKPORT VILLAGE BAPTIST CHURCH.

This church was formed May 29, 1820, of members dis-
missed from the First Church who lived in this part of the
town. They had no settled preacher the first two years of
their existence, but were supplied generally by the neigh-
boring ministers, and worshiped in the free meeting-house
built this year and occupied alternately with the Metho-
dists. Mr. Charles Blanchard, their first pastor, was or-
dained Sept. 25, 1822, and continued to preach for them till

April 25, 1823. Elder Joshua Roberts then settled at Ken- .

nebunk,—not the village,—and was employed a short time.
A period followed without a settled minister till June 19,
1825, when Rev. Gideon Cook was settled over the church.
Mr. Cook was dismissed May 29, 1828, and Rev. David
James followed July 25, 1829, and was dismissed June 13,
1830. They were again destitute of preaching for nearly
a year, when, May 28, 1831, Elder Charles Johnson was

 

employed, and uccupied the pulpit till June 8, 1833, when
Shubael Tripp was settled, and remained till May 30, 1835,
when Mr. Milnor was engaged for one year. No regular
preaching was maintained till March, 1837, when Rev.
Clark Sibly was engaged, and remained till 1840. His sue-
cessor was Rev. 8. C. Gilbert, in 1840, and left in 1843.
He was followed by Rev. Ahira Jones, who resigned in
1845. Several ministers have served this society since Mr.
Jones, as follows: John G. Nailor, Handel G. Nott, Moses
G. Prescott, E. A. Wyman, Lyman Chase, Charles W.
Flanders, D.D., Henry Q. Dexter, D.D., Nathaniel Melcher.
The loss of the records prevents definite statements as to
periods of service. Some years have passed without a
stated preacher, as none are found on the minutes of 1868
or 1871.
NORTH CHAPEL.

In 1835 a Baptist Church was constituted, consisting of
10 members, and received into the Association under the
name of Biddeford. It retained this name and a place in
the Association without increase of number till 1840, when
there was an addition by letter of 12 members, and its
name changed to North Kennebunkport. With occasional
preaching it prospered measurably, and returned a member-
ship of 28 in 1845. Year by year it has reported, through
Deacon Currier, diminished numbers, till now its member-
ship is but 5. A small meeting-house was erected, which
now goes by the name of North Chapel. No preaching at
present.

KENNEBUNKPORT METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH.

The Rev. Leonard Bennett, of the Scarborough Circuit,
first introduced Methodism into town in 1816, and a class
of 6 members was formed. Ebenezer Blake, John Adams,
James Lewis, and others lectured evenings and occasion-
ally preached Sabbaths to the Methodists here through a
term of years. In 1820 the class had increased to 20, and
Oliver Fairchild was appointed leader. A circuit was set
off from Scarborough this year by the New England Con-
ference, and called Arundel, and in it was included an
appointment at the village. The Rev. James Jaques was
preacher in charge. At first it was a four, but afterwards
it became a two, weeks’ circuit, till 1833, when it became a
station under the care of Rev. R. J. Ayer. The first meet-
ings were held in private dwellings, school-houses, work-
shops, and then alternately with the Baptists in the free
meeting-house. In 1832 a neat hall for the society, called
Wesley Hall, was finished off by Oliver Bourne, and dedi-
cated to religious worship by Rev. John Lord, presiding
elder. The meeting-house was built in 1834, and dedi-
cated in November of this year by Rev. &. T. Taylor, of
Boston. The first Sunday-school was held in 1823. John
Littlefield was appointed superintendent. It was formally
organized, and a library purchased in 1834. Nov. 25, 1841,
the Auxiliary Missionary Society was organized. From
1833 to 1855, Conference has provided ministers to this
station, whose names have been omitted. The Rev. OC.
Andrews was pastor in 1855-56 ; C. Munger, in 1857-58;
A. F. Barnard, in 1859-60; J. B. Lapham, in 1861-62;
George Wingate, in 1863-64; Asahel Moore, in 1865-66 ;
Roscoe Sanderson, in 1867 and part of 1868, J. Roscoe
TOWN OF KENNEBUNKPORT. 387

 

Day serving six months of 1868; Daniel Halleron, in
1869-70 ; and Asbury C. Trafton, in 1871. Membership:
100 in full connection and 26 probationers. Estimated
value of church property, $5000,

KENNEBUNKPORT CENTRE METHODIST EPISCOPAL
CHURCH,

as now known, consists of a mere handful of members,
reporting but 8 to last Conference. It has a meeting-house
and parsonage valued at $1700, but has been unable to
sustain preaching during last year. In 1839 and 1840 it
was the leading appointment of the Kennebunkport Mis-
sion. In 1841 three preachers labored on the mission,
viz., Charles Bragdon, Francis Masseures, and Silas M.
Emerson. It was a distinct charge in 1842 and 1843;
Moses Palmer, preacher in charge. The parsonage was
built in 1843. John Clough was in charge in 1843 and
1844 ; Silas Cummings in 1845 and 1846. It changed its
name to Kennebunk in 1847 and 1848, while in charge of
William D. Jones. John Rice was preacher in charge
during 1849 and 1850; it was known as Kennebunk Cen-
tre. In 1851 it was a distinct charge. In 1852 it was
united with the society at Kennebunk village, with J. Stone
in charge. It separated in 1853, and remained distinct till
1855, when it again joined Kennebunk village, and so re-
mained till about 1857, when it again became distinct.
John Cobb was preacher in charge in 1855 and 1856, and
R. H. Stinchfield in 1857. About this time the meeting-
house was burned, but with commendable zeal and liberality
it was promptly rebuilt, a short distance east of the old
situation, and dedicated in September, 1858, by Elder Cone.
The first house was built about 1820. The first preacher
after completion of the new meeting-house in 1858 was
George Baxter, who remained two years; John Sanborn
followed one year ; George Hoyt, two years ; Daniel Barber,
one year; Elder Turner, one year, 1870; George Hoyt,
one year. John Adams was one of the early preachers,
and held meetings in a hall or shed near Nason’s Mill pre-
vious to the erection of the first meeting-house.

CAPE PORPOISE METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH.

This society worshiped at first in the school-house. The
first preacher sent here by Conference, according to the
records, was Kinsman Atkinson, who preached to the
people in 1855 and 1856. It was during the last year of
his appointment the mecting-house was built. In 1857
John Collins was preacher, and he succeeded in the organi-
zation of a church of 29 members. The meeting-house
was dedicated in April, 1858, by William I’. Farrington.
Benj. Freeman followed Mr. Collins for the years 1858 and
1859; J. Perrin, 1860; Benj. Lufkin, 1861 and 1862;
Solomon V. Gerry, 1863 and 1864; Asbury C. Trafton,
1865 and 1866; J. E. Budden, 1867, 1868, and 1869;
A. Desbrisay, 1870; and L. S. Dresser, 1871. Estimated
value of church building, $1600. Their first class-leader
appointed after organization was Wm. H. Hutchins.

EDUCATION.

Under the government of Massachusetts, towns were
required by law to provide for the education of the youth,

 

but the poverty of this town for many years was the only
excuse to be offered for failure to meet this requirement,
and for this they were often presented to court.

The first action recorded as being taken for schools was
in 1733, when it was voted to have a school-master the
ensuing year, and the selectmen employed William Hicks.
List of school-teachers employed by the town: In 1733,
Mr. Hicks, salary $2.50; in 1736, John Williams, salary
$25 ; dismissed in 1740 for asking for increase of salary.
Samuel Wildes followed, and had his tax abated for his
services. In 1745, William Waterhouse was chosen, pay
about $1; in 1746, Mr. Wildes, pay about 50 cents; in
1747, Samuel Murphet; 1748, Samuel Robinson, did not
teach ; 1750, Master Pond, at $45; 1752, Benj. Downing,
salary, $6 per month for three months; Mr. Hickey and
Joseph Ward followed ; from 1767, three years, Adam Mc-
Culloch, Benj. Burbank, and Moses Johnson followed; in
1772, Ezra Thompson (known as “ Old Master Thompson”)
was elected, and officiated twenty years. He was a gradu-
ate of Harvard, 1756; died 1798. The first school-house
was built in meeting-house yard. In 1790 the town was
divided into 5 school districts. At present the number of
districts is 12. Parts of districts, 1; graded schools, 2;
number of school-houses, 12; estimated value, $5200;
number of scholars between ages of 4 and 21, 787; aver-
age attendance, 580 in winter; average length of summer
terms, 56 days; average length of winter terms, 60 days;
teachers employed, 15; amount of money voted, $2000 ;
excess over requirement of law, $109; male teachers in
winter schools, 6; in summer, 1 ; average wages per month,
$37. Female teachers in winter schools, 9; in summer,
14; average weekly wages, $4.84.

The first native of this town who received a collegiate
education was Jonas Burnham, who graduated at Bowdoin

College in 1223.

PROFESSIONAL MEN.

The first physician who resided in town was Dr. Thacher
Goddard, who came here in 1786, and remained two years.
The next was Dr. Langdon, in 1810.

The first lawyer was S. P. 8. Thatcher, who attempted
practice here during the war of 1812, and several years
after, John R. Adams; but neither found business suffi-
cient for a support. Saco and Kennebunk for many years
furnished the legal and medical aid the town required.

POPULATION AT DIFFERENT PERIODS.

In 1733, about 300; in 1743, about 350; in 1761, about
600; in 1764, was 858, 138 families, 127 houses, and 25
slaves (Rev. Thomas Prentice bought the first slave) ;
in 1776, about 1143; in 1790, about 1802; in 1800,
about 1900; in 1810, about 2377; in 1820, about 2498 ;
in 1830, about 2763 ; in 1850, about 2706 ; in 1860, about
2668; 1870, 2378.

TRAVELING FACILITIES.

For some years the southern part of the town has been
accommodated by stage to the Kennebunk depot, which is
about six miles from the port. Since the completion of the
Boston and Maine Railroad the station is about half that
distance.
WATEHERBOROUG H.

 

GENERAL DESCRIPTION.

WATERBOROUGH is one of the original proprietary towns,
and has never been divided. It is located in the north of
the county, joining the Little Ossipee River on the south.
It is bounded on the north by Limerick and Limington,
from which it is separated by that river; on the east by
Limington and Hollis ; on the south by Lyman and Alfred ;
and on the west by Alfred, Shapleigh, and Newfield. It
contains an area of about 26,000 acres, 1600 of which are
covered with water, and 9700 of which are improved. A
large portion of its surface consists of plains covered with
white and yellow pine, from which rise low ridges covered,
where not improved, with white, red, and yellow oak, beech,
birch, maple, white pine, and hemlock. Ossipee Mountain,
near the centre of the town, is one of the highest points of
land in the county, and was a station of the United States
Coast Survey. Large natural meadows along the principal
streams afford certain crops of hay. The chief revenue is
from the grazing-lands. The burning of charcoal in brick-
kilns on the plains, for the near city markets, furnishes an
important share of income. The Portland and Rochester
Railroad, which passes through the southern part, furnishes
a convenient outlet for shooks, staves, and shingles, and
small articles of woodwork, manufactured within the town.
Little Ossipee Pond, in the centre, is a crescent-shaped pond,
three miles in length.

The town of Waterborough is a part of the tract of land
bought of Capt. Sunday, Hobinowell, and Fluellen, Indian
sagamores, in 1661 and 1664, and which originally included
the towns of Sanford, Alfred, Waterborough, that part of
Limington south of the Little Ossipee River, and Hollis,
above Salmon Falls, on the Saco. At the death of Maj.
Phillips, in 1683, the title reverted to his wife. John
Avery, Col. Joshua Waters, and John Wheelright, of Bos-
ton, the first proprietors, held the lands included in Water-
borough, by virtue of a will of Mrs. Phillips.

SETTLEMENT.

The first settler was John Smith, who located near
Waterborough Old Corner, in 1768. During the next
two years he was joined by seven other families,—John
Scribner, Robert Harvey, Alexander Jellison, William Deer-
ing, Scamman Hodgdon, William Philpot, and William
Nason. These men came from Berwick, Scarborough, and
Somersworth, N. H., to engage in lumbering. The break-
ing out of the Revolutionary war retarded the settlement,
and prevented any vigorous action of the proprietors, whose
headquarters were in Boston, Mass., and whose meetings
were held in a public-house in that city.

In 1784 the population numbered 118 souls. These
appear to have all been either engaged in lumbering or

388

 

hunting, as the lands were not yet surveyed so as to be
safely improved for homes and farms.

Among the early settlers were also Lieut. Samuel Carll,
who lived on the county road, near the Alfred line; Eben-
ezer Nock; John Cook, grandfather of Charles N. H. Cook
and Sylvester Cook, who occupies the old homestead.

Timothy Hodgdon, John Hartford, William 8. Gile,
David Hill, John Sedgley, Nathaniel Brackett, Joseph
Russell, were living in the town in 1789, and George
Hobbs, Benjamin Sinclair, Stephen Dudley, and Peter
Avery (colored) previous to 1795.

The earlier marriages of the town will be found under

| the name of Massabesic, on the records of Lyman (formerly

Coxhall), and the surrounding towns whose records have
an earlier date than those of Waterborough, which com-
menced at the incorporation of the town in 1787. Among
these are Moses Wentworth to Nabbie Ricker, of Coxhall,
March 25, 1781; Jonathan Smith to Sarah Scribner, both
of Massabesic, in 1782; John Davis to Mary Moody and
Benjamin Jewett to Hannah Moody, in 1784; Joseph
Kimball to Mary Pike, Benjamin Coffin to Sarah Pike,
Joseph Moody to Bridget Davis, Paul Sanborn to Mary
Moody, and Samuel Giles to Mary Thing, in 1783-84.

Aaron, father of Horace Gowen, moved from Sanford in
1816, and located a mile north of Old Corner, where his
son still resides.

Noah Robinson, son of Rev. Otis Robinson, is still living,
at the age of ninety-one years. He came with his father,
at the age of eight years, and moved to Waterborough in
1815. Nathan Henderson, another old settler, is still
living in the town, at the age of ninety years. In 1787
there were four mills within the town,—Capt. John Smith’s,
John Knight’s, John Bridges’, and Lieut. Issachar Dam’s,
on Moody Pond Brook.

The town was surveyed in 1784-85 by James Warren,
who completed the plan now in the archives of York County,
at Alfred, in October, 1785. There were at this time some
log-roads leading from the nearest and most convenient
bodies of timber to the water-courses, down which logs
could be floated to the nearest mills, and two principal
roads running up the west side of Massabesic (Shaker)
Pond to the Old Corner, and thence to Waterborough
Centre, and up the west side of Ossipee Pond to Little
Ossipee ford, near the present Ossipee Mills. Another
branch ran from the Old Corner northwest, and, passing
east of Middle Branch and Northwest (Poverty) Ponds,
led by the outlet of that pond to within a mile of Little
Ossipee River, and thence northwest to Dam’s Mills, now
Newfield village.

The plantation was known by the name of Massabesic
until its incorporation as a town. In 1780, Samuel Dam,
 

Photo. by Hendee, Augusta.

bY bi

1868 to 1871 he was engaged in contracts upon the

CuarLes W. SmirH was born in the town of
Waterborough, York Co., Me, Aug. 8, 1838, the
sixth child of Jacob and Betsey E. (Andrews) Smith.
Both his father and mother were natives of Water-
borough. ‘They had ten children; three died in in-
fancy, seven are living. His father was a carpenter
and joiner by trade, and also owned and worked a
farm in Waterborough. He died April 11, 1864.
His mother is still living at the homestead with her
son, John F. Smith.

Charles W. Smith remained at home during his
minority, receiving his education in the common
school of his native town. At the age of twenty-
one he was employed by the month on the farm of
Isaiah H. Ricker, of Waterborough. In the fall of
the same year he invested his earnings in a one-fourth
interest in a small saw-mill near Waterborough
Corner. At the end of another year he had become
the owner of a three-fourths interest in the mill, and
continued to carry it on for ten years. In the mean
time he had purchased the farm at Waterborough
Old Corner, upon which he subsequently built his
present fine residence, and which he has carried on

in conjunction with his lumber enterprises. From

 

Portland and Rochester, Boston and Maine, and
In 1871 he

leased the saw-mills at the Shaker village in Alfred,

Portland and Ogdensburg Railroads.

and carried on a successful lumbering business there
for six years.

In December, 1877, he purchased the steam saw-
mill at South Waterborough, formerly owned and
run by Downs & Johnson, where he has since
done a leading business in the manufacture of ship
stock of every description, pine and hemlock ]um-
ber, and shook, employing an average of thirty
hands throughout the year.

In politics Mr. Smith has been an active Repub-
lican since the organization of that party. Has
served as selectman of his town two years, and was
a member of the Legislature in 1878. In religious
sentiment he favors the Universalist belief.

He married, Feb. 11, 1861, Clara Roberts, daugh-
ter of Samuel and Julia (Seward) Roberts. Mrs.
Smith was born April, 1840, in Waterborough.
They have three children, viz.: Fred. L., born
Jan. 22, 1865; George H., born July 12, 1867;
Edgar L., born May 12, 1872.
TOWN OF WATERBOROUGH. 389

 

of Durham, N. H., settled about a mile south of the Old
Corner, and opened a public-house for the accommodation
of lumbermen and teamsters on their way to and from the
coast. This was the first public-house opened in the town.

The first church was formed in 1782, as a general union
of Baptist, Free- Will Baptist, and Congregationalist people
to support the worship of God together, neither being
numerous and sufficiently able to sustain worship alone.
Private schools were kept as early as 1784.

INCORPORATION.

The plantation of Massabesic was incorporated as a town
under the name of Waterborough, March 6, 1787, with
boundaries defined as follows: Beginning at the northerly
corner of Coxhall, thence running north 113° west, five
and three-fourths miles to Little Ossipee River; thence
westerly by the river to the north corner of Shapleigh ;
thence southerly by Shapleigh and Sanford to the West
corner of Coxhall, and northwest by Coxhall to the bounds
first mentioned. Nathaniel Wells, Esq., justice of the
peace, was empowered to issue a warrant to the principal
inhabitants for the election of town officers.

Under a warrant issued to Andrew Burleigh, the voters
of the town assembled at the dwelling-house of Capt. John
Smith, innholder, April 5, 1787, and chose William Bean
moderator. The town officers elected were Benjamin War-
ren, Town Clerk; James Carlisle, Andrew Burley, William
Bean, Selectmen and Assessors; Nathaniel Hains, Treas-
urer; Lieut. Clement Moody, William Tibbetts, Constables ;
Samuel Scribner, William Woodward, Committee to ex-
amine the Treasurer's Accounts; Capt. John Smith, Deer
and Moose Reeve; John Smith (3d), John Carll, Samuel
Cammitt, Moses Downs, Fence- Viewers ; Capt. John Smith,
Thomas Gubtail, Surveyors of Lumber ; Valentine Straw,
Poundkeeper; Pumphrey Downs, Lieut. Benjamin Perry,
Tithingmen; Timothy Ricker, William Woodward, War-
dens ; Benjamin Warren, Sealer of Weights and Measures;
William Bean, Sealer of Leather; James Hamilton, Capt.
John Smith, Nicholas Carpenter, Clement Moody, Joseph
Sanborn, Thomas Gubtail, Lieut. Simeon Tibbetts, John
Bridges, Surveyors of Highways.

The town was named in honor of Col. Josiah Waters.
The first book of record contains on its title-page, in a large,
bold hand, the inscription : ‘ To the Inhabitants of the town
of Waterborough this book is most respectfully presented
by their Friend and very Humble Servant, Josiah Waters :
Boston, March 10, 1787.” In response, it was voted “ the
thanks of this town be returned the Hon! Josiah Waters,
Esq'., for his generous donation in that he has been pleased
to bestow on ita book for the records of said town, together
with a number of other books for the instruction of the
rising generation.” The only appropriation at the first
election was that of £75 to repair the roads, at the rate of
3s. a day in labor. The constable was an ex-officio collec-
tor, that title not occurring on the old record previous to
1793. Town taxes were made payable in produce at the
current price. A town pound thirty feet square and seven
feet high was contracted for.

A committee was chosen in October, 1787, to wait on
Col. Josiah Waters, or any agent from the Phillips pro-

 

prietors, about purchasing their land. December 26th,
Rev. Pelatiah Tingley was chosen a delegate to the conven-
tion which met in Boston the ensuing January. The
27 votes cast in the general election were all for Elbridge
Gerry, Esq., for Governor. In 1790, old Mr. John Giles,
who was an early settler, and had outlived his youth-
ful energy, was sold for support to the lowest bidder at
2s. a week. He was the sole charge of the town for
several years, Capt. John Smith filled the office of con-
stable for his taxes many years. In 1790 the Court of
Geueral Sessions, which filled the place of the present Com-
missioners’ Court, was removed to Waterborough.

A meeting of the inhabitants of the town, held Sept. 19,
1791, “voted that it was expedient to build a court-house
at ‘the crotch,’ near Phineas Colcord’s, by subscription,”
but made no mention of any subscription themselves. Soon
after the court-house was built south of the Old Corners,
in the fork of the road. In 1805 the courts were removed
to Alfred, and in September, 1806, the court-house was
sold to the highest bidder.

The Congregationalist and Baptist Churches were both
making an effort to build a separate house of worship, and
to this end the town was divided into two parishes by a line,
south 564° east, passing four rods from Joseph Sanborn’s
Inn, across the town. “ Squire” Burley and James Carlisle
were sent to Boston to get the approval of the General
Court.

The boundary, which had been disputed since the first
settlement along the line of Hollis, was temporarily ad-
justed in 1794, by a proposition to form a town, including
the disputed territory on both sides, but this failed to meet
the approval of the General Court, who themselves estab-
lished the line in 1803. In 1807, $90 were appropriated
for the purchase of 113 pounds of powder, 254 pounds of
balls, 254 flints, and 7 camp-kettles to be kept for the use
of the town soldiers, in case of need. In September, 1808,
it was voted to petition the President of the United States
against the embargo, and James Carlisle, Andrew Burley,
and Michael Boaden were authorized to draft, sign, and
forward it.

Foxes and wildcats were a source of great annoyance,
killing young stock, lambs and poultry, and alarming the
parents, lest the children should get torn to pieces. A
bounty of $2 was voted on wildeats, and half a dollar
on foxes, in 1811. A man came to Elder Hobbs, town
clerk, with a wildcat-skin to claim his bounty, for which
he received the proper certificate; soon after he appeared
before another clerk, and repeated the process. These oc-
currences were rare, for strict adherence to principles of
honor characterized the transactions of the early settlers.

A committee was appointed to inspect the town guns in
1814, and a loan of $700 was authorized until the amount
could be raised by assessment. his was invested in muni-
tions of war.

The town voted 61 to 37 in favor of separation from
Massachusetts, in 1819. Rev. Henry Hobbs and Col.
Samuel Braden were chosen by the town delegates to the
Portland Convention, which convened the second Monday
of October, 1819. The town voted 72 to 6 for the consti-
tution when adopted. The first election for representative to
390 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

the new State of Maine resulted in a vote on the first ballot
“not to send!’ After a reconsideration, Rev. Henry
Hobbs received 81 votes, Col. Henry Hamilton 59, and
Col. Samuel Bradeen 15 votes. The proposition to build a
house for the support of the town-poor was first presented
in that year, and soon after a farm was bought for their
care.

In 1823 the people voted that the soldiers should be sup-
plied with a dinner hereafter at trainings. There were
then three companies. It usually took about three days to
attend training and get well over it. Those who lived
most distant assembled the evening before and went to the
rendezvous early enough to be “ heard” on their arrival be-
fore the break of day. On all days training and parade
ensued, during which a sham battle was fought. Hach
officer was supposed to treat his men to at least a mug of
rum each. The bill of fare at the public dinner of 1823
was “ what flower bread and beef they can eat,” and one
barrel of cider to each company. The captains at that
time were William Cook, middle company, Valentine War-
ren, lower company, and John Hill, upper company. The
rations cost the town ten cents a man.

Elections were held alternately at Capt. Smith’s inn,
and at Jeremiah Brown’s, near the county road, from 1787
to 1793, when they were changed to the “ Upper Court-
House,” at the Old Corner. In 1794 they were held at the
Baptist meeting-house, in the south part of the town, near
the court-house, and at Mr. Brown’s; in 1801 at the inn
of Samuel Dame; and after 1807 at Rev. Henry Hobbs’
meeting-house, on Ossipee Hill, until it became dilapidated,
in 1852, when they alternated with “ the Scratch Bridge”
(Little Ossipee). They were transferred to the present
town-house, Sept. 14, 1857.

CIVIL LIST.
TOWN CLERKS.

Benjamin Warren, 1787-1809; Rev. Henry Hobbs, 1810-16; Daniel
Smith, 1817-18; Rev. Henry Hobbs, 1819-20; Orlando Bagley,
1821-32; Benjamin R. Hamilton (vacancy), 1832-33; Henry
Hobbs, 1834-36; John Hill, 1837-39; Robert Huntress, 1840-
41; James M. Burbank, 1842-43; Jere. Roberts, Jr., 1844; Jo-
seph Chase, 1845-46; John Whood, 1847-49; Joseph Allen,
1850-53; Jere. B. Scribner, 1854-55; Benjamin Leavitt, 1856-
57; Alonzo Leavitt, 1858; Jason Hamilton, 1859-60; Warren
C. Downs, 1861-62; Benjamin P. Hamilton, 1863-64; James
Mills, 1865-66; Horace Day, 1867-68; Horace ©. Boothby,
1869; John D. Taylor, 1870; Jason H. Hamilton, 1871; James
H. Downs, 1872-73; Horace Day, 1874-75; James H. Downs,
1876; Horace Day, 1877-79.

SELECTMEN,

1787-88.—James Carlisle, Andrew Burley, William Bean.
1789.—James Carlisle, William Bean, Benjamin Warren.
1790.— William Woodward, Nathan Hines, Andrew Burley, Esq.
1791-94.—James Carlisle, Nathan Hines, Benjamin Warren.
1795.—James Carlisle, Benjamin Warren, Michael Boaden.
1796.—Andrew Burley, Michael Boaden, James Carlisle.
1797.—William Woodward, Andrew Burley, Michael Boaden.
1798.—Andrew Burley, James Carlisle, Henry Hobbs.
1799.—Benjamin Warren, James Carlisle, Isaac Coffin.
1800.—Paul Chadbourne, Henry Hobbs, Nathan Carlisle.
1801-2.—James Carlisle, Rev. Henry Hobbs, Benjamin Warren.
1803.—James Carlisle, Benjamin Warren, Andrew Burleigh.
1804.—John Kelsey, Jacob Emery, Robert Bradeen.
1805.—Andrew Burleigh, James Carlisle, Paul Chadbourne,

 

1806.—Paul Chadbourne, James Carlisle, Andrew Burley.
1807-9.—Henry Sayward, James Carlisle, Andrew Burley.
1810-11.—Benjamin Pearce, Paul Chadbourne, Jr., Henry Sayward.
1812-14.—Benjamin Pearce, Paul Chadbourne, Jr., Gilbert Hasty.
1815.—James Hamilton, Paul Chadbourne, Jr., Gilbert Hasty.
1816.—James Hamilton, Henry Bradeen, Dennis Emery.
1817.—Daniel Smith, Samuel Bradeen, Rev. Henry Hobbs.
1818.—Daniel Smith, Samuel Bradeen, Samuel Carll.
1819.—John Scribner, Samuel Carll, Col. Samuel Bradeen,
1820-23.—Andrew Roberts, Phinehas Ricker, Col. Samuel Bradeen.
1824,—Andrew Roberts, Phinehas Ricker, Capt. John Hill.
1825.—Phinehas Ricker, Col. John Hamilton, Capt. John Hill.
1826.—Andrew Roberts, Capt. John Hill, Jr., Rev. Henry Hobbs.
1827-29.—Andrew Roberts, Orlando Bagley, Capt. John Hill, Jr.
1830,—Richard Bean, Orlando Bagley, Capt. John Hill, Jr.
1831-32.—Maj. Jeremiah Roberts, Orlando Bagley, Capt. John Hill,
Jr.
1833-34.—Maj. Jeremiah Roberts, Nathaniel Emery, Dr. John Say-
ward.
1835.—Jonathan Downing, Nathaniel Emery, Dr. John Sayward.
1836-37.—Jonathan Downing, Nathaniel Emery, Samuel Webber, Jr.
1838.—Joel Bean, Nathaniel Emery, John Sayward.
1839.—Joel Bean, Isaac Deering, John Sayward.
1840,—Joel Beal, Isaac Deering, Nathaniel Emery.
1841.—Jeremiah Roberts, Nathan Chadbourne, David Sinclair.
1842-438,—Jeremiah Roberts, Jr., John N. Chadbourne, David Sin-
clair.
1844-45.—Abraham Coffin, James M. Burbank, Andrew B. Hasty.
1846.—Abraham Coffin, Samuel Roberts, Andrew B. Hasty.
1847.—Samuel Roberts, Joseph Chase, Samuel Webber, Jr.
1848,—Elijah Thing, Joseph Chase, Samuel Webber, Jr.
1849.—Elijah Thing, Porter Hamilton, Joseph Chase.
1850.—John T. Scribner, Porter Hamilton, William H. Deering.
1851.—John T. Scribner, George Thing, William H. Deering.
1852.—George Thing, Orin Bradeen (2d), Oliver Hamilton.
1853.—John B. Roberts, Orin Bradeen (2d), Oliver Hamilton.
1854.—John B. Roberts, Benjamin R. Hamilton, John Bean.
1855.—Rufus Thing, Benjamin R. Hamilton, John Bean.
1856.—Rufus Thing, John B. Roberts, John T. Scribner.
1857.—Porter Hamilton, John Bagley, Joseph Chase.
1858.—John T. Sentnor, Mark H. Warren, Albert N. Chadbourne.
1859.—Seth S. Carll, Mark H. Warren, Albert N. Chadbourne.
1860.—Abraham Coffin, Jere. B. Scribner, Jeremiah Roberts,
1861.—Jeremiah Roberts, Jeremiah B. Scribner, William Mills.
1862.—Jeremiah Scribner, Seth T. Scribner, William Mills.
1863-64.—Bradford Bean, Benjamin Leavitt, Gilbert Hasty.
1865.—Benjamin Leavitt, George W. Frost, Col. Ivory Parcher.
1866.—Benjamin Leavitt, Col. Ivory Parcher, Charles L. Hamilton.
1867.—Joseph Chase, Charles L. Hamilton, James Mills.
1868.—James Mills, Gilbert Hasty, Benjamin P. Hamilton.
1869-70.—Asa S. Ricker, Halsey M. Littlefield, David Deering.
1871.—James Mills, Wallace Libby, Horace Day.
1872.—George L. Smith, Hiram H. Chadbourne, Ezekiel Deering.
1873.—William H. Johnson, Hiram H. Chadbourne, Ezekiel Deering.
1874.—William H. Johnson, Mark W. Warren, Charles L. Hamilton.
1875.—Charles L. Hamilton, James Miles, Nathan Cluff.
1876-77.—Benjamin F. Bennett, Charles W. Smith, Samuel H. Carll.
1878.—Benjamin F. Bennett, Samuel H. Carll, John J. Jellison.
1879.—Benjamin F. Bennett, John J. Jellison, John T. Scribner.

VILLAGES AND HAMLETS.
WATERBOROUGH VILLAGE.

Waterborough village is a station on the Portland and
Rochester Railroad, thirteen miles from Biddeford, finely
located on a smooth bench of land half a mile wide, to the
southeast of Straw-Mill Brook. There are here thirty
dwellings, a school-house, depot, and the following business
houses :

Groceries and provisions: Walter J. Downs, established
in 1874.

General stores: W. F. Warren, established in 1877;
Warren C. Downs, established in 1879.
TOWN OF WATERBOROUGH. 391

Fancy goods: Mrs. Hiram Hanson, since 1879, estab-
lished by Mrs. J. T. G. Emery.

Custom shoes: M. A. Emery.

Hoops: Levi Hobbs and John Raymond, established in
1879; John E. Taylor.

Carriages: Horace Day, established in 1860.

Steam mill: Charles W. Smith, saw-, planing-, shingle-,
and shook-mills, established in 1865.

Clothing: James H. Downs, established in 1873, runs
two teams, and employs 12 to 15 operatives in shop making
pants; Langley & Ricker, coats, employ 8 to 12 operatives.

Smiths: Orrin C. Boothby ; John Smith.

Postmaster: William F, Warren; mails daily by railroad.
Distributing post-office for Newfield, Ross Corner, North,
East, and South Parsonsfield stage-routes.

Union Hotel: W.S. Files, established 1870.
Resident lawyer: Benjamin F. Chadbourne.
Physician: Dr. J. T. G. Emery.

WATERBOROUGH CENTRE.

Waterborough Centre, at the south end of Little Ossipee
Pond, contains the town-house, J. C. Durgin’s hotel, store
of Charles Carll, established in 1873, and smith-shops of
B. F. Roberts and A. Bagley. The place is finely situated
on the open plains, and contains 18 dwellings. S. H. Carll,
postmaster; mails daily.

OSSIPEE MILLS.

Ossipee Mills, formerly the site of the Ossipee Woolen-
Mills, which were burned in 1874. F. P. Johnson, post-
master and stone-cutter; Nathan Graffam, blacksmith, on
one of the fine Ossipee River bridges formerly called ‘‘ The
Seratch.”

NORTH WATERBOROUGH.

North Waterborough, between the two above, is a lum-
bering hamlet at the outlet of Little Ossipee Pond, con-
taining some 30 dwellings, scattered over an area of a mile,
and includes the old union church; Chadbourne & Lewis’
saw-mills, power owned by the Saco Water-Power Company;
steam lumber- and shingle-mill of Dennis Johnson, estab-
lished in 1872; Charles B. Mills and Henry Robinson,

wheelwrights; Andrew Chadbourne, shook manufacturer ;°

Gilbert Hasty, insurance agent; L. Chase, postmaster.

EAST WATERBOROUGH POST-OFFICE.

East Waterborough Post-Office is a station on the Port-
land and Rochester Railroad, in the east part of the town,
opened in 1877, under the name of Centre Waterborough,
at the site of the old Capt. Smith mill, erected previous to
1787, now the mill of Horace Thing. There is a general
store here, established hy Roberts & Carll in 1877; J. B.
Abbott, postmaster.

WATER-POWERS.

The outlet of the Ossipee Pond affords the best power
in town, and runs 4 saws and 1 planer.

The Ossipee Pond Company, at the outlet, manufactured
600,000 feet of lumber annually between 1760-70, and
there are 200,000 feet annually manufactured at other mills
in town.

Johnson’s Brook runs two saws half the year. Roberts’

 

Brook, sufficient to run one saw half the year, is now occu-.
pied by a steam mill in connection with the water-power.
The Little Ossipee River, bounding the town on the north
and east, affords many fine water-powers, most of which are
occupied on the Limerick side.

The Ossipee Manufacturing Company, at Ossipee Mills
on the Little Ossipee, was incorporated in 1861, with a
capital of $17,000. It employed 25 hands, manufacturing
18,000 pairs of blankets per year. This was burned in
1874. The Steam Mill Company, at South Waterborough,
manufactured in the season of 1872 about one million feet
of lumber into boxes, shingles, ete.

There are two powers on Branch Brook capable of run-
ning three-fourths of the year. Smith’s Brook runs two
saws the whole year. Colcord Brook runs one saw half the
year. Down’s Brook affords a good mill-privilege, but is
not occupied.

BURIAL-GROUNDS.

An old burying-ground on the West road, among the
hills, comprises a half-acre and contains some 55 graves,
both old and new. Among the older and more intimately
connected with the early settlement, are Joseph Pike, died
1857, aged ninety-one years and nine months, and Joseph
Pike, died 1828, aged ninety-two, with their wives, who
sleep side by side; John Emery, died 1804; John Fish,
died 1825, aged seventy-two; Richard Bean, died 1806,
aged fifty-six ; Joseph Maddox, died 1858, aged sixty-nine.

On the Thing homestead are William Thing, died 1858,
aged eighty-three, with others of his family.

On the Hill farm, Reuben Hill, died 1821, aged fifty-
one, and his son, Deacon Jonathan Hill, died 1876, aged
ninety-two.

A burying-ground at Waterborough Centre contains a
larger number than any other beside those mentioned ; but
the custom of burying on homesteads has largely prevailed
within the town from its earliest settlement.

In the northeast part of the town, surrounded by mem-
bers of the Burrows and Lane families, is the fine granite
monument of Rev. Pelatiah Tingley.

PLACES OF HISTORIC INTEREST.

Waterborough Old Corner, a mile and a half northwest
of South Waterborough Station, is a point of interest from
the fact that it was once a half-shire village of the county,
and contained the court-house at the commencement of the
present century. It is now a neat hamlet of a church, a
school-house, and seven dwellings. The church occupies a
knoll inclosed by the triangle at the junction of three roads,
and is surrounded by a railing and row of closely-planted
sugar-maples, which tower above the eaves, and give to it
a fine appearance in summer. The land surrounding is
broken, rocky, and divided into numerous small patches of
ground by walls of stone, laid when it was the chief village
of the town, and a prospective city. Thorn, apple, haw,
butternut, and ash grow along the walls, while many of the
once-cleared fields are dotted with young white pines. Tall
elms point the location of former dwellings. The Baptist
parsonage, and the dwelling of Dr. J. H. Pierce are the
chief dwellings. The old court-house was moved away in

1806.
392 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

CHURCHES.

FREE-WILL BAPTIST CHURCH.

During the summer of 1798, a large and successful
reformation was conducted by Elder Pelatiah Tingley and
Elder John Buzzell. October 4th, a meeting of the repre-
sentatives of the different surrounding settlements and
churches was held at the house of George Bickford, in Par-
sonsfield, to consult as to the future action in regard to the
subjects of the reformation. This resulted in forming a
quarterly meeting at that time, to meet at Waterborough,
Newfield, North and South Parsonsfield alternately. Revs.
John Buzzell and Pelatiah Tingley were clerk and mode-
rator of this meeting. November 1st, ensuing, a conference
of those persons living in Waterborough met at the dwel-
ling of James Carlisle, in the north part of the town, elected
Elder Tingley moderator, and Henry Hobbs clerk, and
proceeded to organize themselves into a society. This in-
cluded Elder Pelatiah Tingley, Joshua Warren, William
Deering, Zachariah Emery, Timothy Ricker and wife, Hul-
dah Emery, Betsey Sanborn, Deborah Dudley, and soon
after Caleb Parker and Richard Emery.

Henry Hobbs, who was a native of Berwick, was after-
wards converted, baptized Oct. 4, 1799, and within a week
from that date preached his first sermon in the dwelling-
house of Timothy Ricker, on Ossipee Mountain, near his
home. Mr. Ricker was appointed deacon Jan. 2, 1800,
and Henry Hobbs and Moses Pitts were recommended to
improve “ their gift” in public. May 22,1801, Mr. Hobbs
was ordained by Revs. Tingley, Weeks, McOrrison, and
Buzzell, at the Quarterly Conference, and became successor
of Elder Tingley, and first settled pastor over this charge.
The meeting-house, long known in town affairs as “ Rev.
Henry Hobbs’ meeting-house,” was first occupied by the
church May 2, 1805. Benjamin Brown, of this church,
commenced preaching in 1806. Moses Ricker, Jonathan
Hill, David Burroughs, and Daniel Andrews, Jr., were ap-
pointed deacons. Elder Hobbs ceased active work as a
minister in 1845, and was succeeded by various supplies
until his death, which occurred March 20, 1848. The
church declined soon after. The meeting-house was used
as a town-house until after 1854, when it became so dilapi-
dated that it was abandoned for a better building, and was
soon after torn down by the proprietors.

The Lyman Church, and another at North Waterborough,
were branches of this church.

Elders James Gray and Richard Emery also entered
the ministry from this church. Both were natives of the
town.

Elder Pelatiah Tingley was educated for a Congrega-
tionalist minister, but became a Baptist, and was one of the
first ministers of that society in Waterborough, in 1791.
It is said of him, that as he was about to commence reading
a sermon, it was caught by a sudden gust of wind and car-
ried out of the open window. This so affected him that he
accepted it as a reproof from God, and changed his course to
the extemporization followed by the Free-Will Society. Be
this as it may, we find him working vigorously, and organ-
izing Free-Will Baptist Churches in 1797, and working
with them during the remainder of his life.

 

BAPTIST CHURCH.

A Baptist society was organized Oct. 27, 1791, with eight
Elder Pelatiah Tingley was one of the first
ministers. In 1794, Rev. Henry Smith became its pastor,
and continued his ministry among them until his death,
Feb, 11, 1836, at the age of eighty-four. Rev. Mr. Smith
lived in Alfred as a farmer until at the age of thirty-four,
when he left his employment, and became ordained to the
ministry in 1785. His biographer says of him, “ He pos-
sessed a feeling heart, a tender conscience, and a correct
His sermons were solemn, argumentative, and

members.

judgment.
impressive.”

The subsequent ministers and pastors have been Revs.
Abner Flanders, from 1836-44; L. S. Tripp, 1844-45 ;
William Johnson, 1846-48 ; John L. Sanborn, 1848-52 ;
Bartlett Pease, 1852-55; and William Beorins, 1855-57.
Rev. Hannibal M. Sawtelle was installed in 1859, and suc-
ceeded by Rev. J. L. Sanborn, the present pastor, in 1878.
Present membership, 98. Deacons, Archibald Smith,
Simeon Haines, Noah Ricker, William Johnson, L. An-
drews. Present deacons, Frank Blaisdell, James Peirce.
Clerk, W. B. Johnson. The meeting-house at the Old
Corner was erected in 1849, and dedicated by Rev. Mr.
Sanborn, in 1850.

The Baptist Church in North Waterborough organized
in 1804. The organization was discontinued in 1836, and
in 1842 again revived. It is now extinct. Rev. Atherton
Clark was pastor from 1826 to 1834.

Another was organized at East Waterborough; Rev.
James Gray was its pastor. After his death the church
soon ceased to exist.

The Baptist Churches at Alfred and North Alfred were
both set off from the Waterborough Baptist Church. A
chapel was built at South Waterborough village in 1873.

Waterborough has sent forth the following as clergymen :
Revs. John Haines, Stephen Webber, and Timothy Hodg-
don. Rev. Frank K. Roberts, ordained in 1864, is now
located in Covington, Ind. Edward P. Roberts, a graduate
of Colby University, in the class of 1869.

, SCHOOLS.

The first school opened in Waterborough was in a barn,
in 1784, and was taught by Samuel Robinson.

In 1789, £60 were voted in lumber for the support of
schools. Masters Denny, Rogers, and Kinsman were em-
ployed before 1795. In 1791 the appropriation was payable
in produce and due-bills at Kennebunk. In 1793 they were
payable in due-bills from merchants at Little Falls and
Kennebunk. Nathan Hanson was master. The appropri-
ation was increased to £100 in 1810. The Shakers applied
for a separate fund arising from their share in 1811, but
were refused by the town. Samuel Fellows, Charles Perry,
John Clark, and John Kelsey were teachers previous to
1820. The schools have shown a gradual increase and
liberal appropriation during the existence of the town. At
first the only branches taught were reading, writing, and
arithmetic. In 1820, Maine was separated from Massachu-
setts, and a new impulse was given to education by the re-
quirement that geography and English grammar should
be taught, which brought into the field a new class of
 

T

STROU

AMUEL

8

 

OF A. L.A STROUT,
WATERBOROUGH

Eu

AESIDENG

MAINE,

NORTH
TOWN OF WATERBOROUGH. 393

 

teachers. Among the first of these were Isaac Deering
and Benjamin R. Hamilton. Those of late date are FE. A,
Bradeen, KH. H. Hobbs, 8. K. Roberts, Ichabod Roberts,
James Hamilton, J. B. Scribner, Joseph Chase, H. M.
Littlefield, Levi Hobbs, S. T. Scribner, William H. Johnson,
O.G. Hamilton, Albert H. Roberts, and James A. Roberts.
The last of these, James A. Roberts, is a graduate of Bow-
doin College, in class of 1870, and is now principal of a
high school in Buffalo, N. Y.

The thirteen districts in the town contain 461 school
children, of whom 370 have attended school during the
past year. Twelve school-bouses reported in 1878 are
valued at $10,000. The appropriation fur schools in 1878
was $1238 by the town alone, with a total expenditure of
$2055, under the administration of Levi Hobbs, Esq.,
school commissioner, with an expense of only $50 for su-
pervision during the year.

PROMINENT MEN.

Rev. Henry Hobbs was born in North Berwick, March
3, 1768. He became the first Free-Will Baptist minister
in 1801, was elected selectman in 1798, town clerk in 1810,
and held that office at intervals until 1834; was town
treasurer, representative to the General Court of Massa-
chusetts in 1810, ‘11, 12, and ’13; first representative of
the town in the Maine Legislature, and member of the
Governor's Council in 1838. He became partially paral-
yzed in 1845, and died highly respected March 20, 1848.
He was buried on his farm, on the southern slope of Ossi-
pee Mountain.

Andrew Burley, one of the early settlers, was a leading
man. He occupied the positions of justice of the peace
and selectman for a number of years, and was clerk of the
court while it was held in Waterborough.

James M. and Joseph Deering, B. F. Hamilton, and
Benjamin Leavitt, of Saco, Alonzo Hamilton, of Boston,
Horace and Porter Ford, of Biddeford, and Abel Jellison,
judge of the Municipal Court, Biddeford, are all natives of
Waterborough, and successful business men.

LAWYERS.

John Bradeen, Esq., son of Michael Bradeen, studied
law, and practiced in the lower courts for many years. He
was justice of the peace for several years. He was some-
what eccentric, living alone, and keeping his own house.

James Avery, a colored man, son of James and grand-
son of Peter Avery, an early settler, read law with John
Treat Paine, of Springvale, Sanford, about 1825, and

afterwards for many years filled a position of trust under

the old Erie Railroad directors in New York. He dicd
in New York City in 1874. He wasa full-blooded African,
and a man of ability.

Ira T. Drew commenced the practice of law in this town
in September, 1842, and continued here until his removal
to Allred, July, 1854.

Amos F, Allen, Esq., graduated at Bowdoin College, in
the class of 1860 ;. studied law with Appleton & Goodenow
at Alfred, and graduated at Columbia Law School, Wash-
ington, D.C. He is now clerk of the courts of York
County.

50

 

Chas. F. Leavitt, Esq., son of Jonathan Leavitt, studied
law with Ira T. Drew, and is now practicing his profession
in Missouri.

B. F. Hamilton, a graduate of Cambridge Law School,
and J. K. Hamilton, a graduate of Exeter Scientific School,
both students of Mr. Drew, are law partners in Biddeford.

REPRESENTATIVES IN THE GENERAL COURT.

Samuel Scribner, 1789-91; none, 1800-7; Rev. Henry
Hobbs, 1810, °11,°12,and°13; none, 1814-17; none, 1819.

PHYSICIANS.

Dr. Chase, the first physician who settled in Water-
borough, was a skillful practitioner. Dr. Danicl Smith fol-
lowed in 1814, and continued his practice here until his
death, in 1828. Dr. James H. Pierce, a graduate of
Brunswick Medical School, opened an office in 1825, and
is still practicing, though gradually giving over his profes-
sional business to his son, Dr. James Pierce, Jr. Dr. Wil-
liam Sayward was located here in 1830-35, and also Dr.
John Sayward, who was sclectman in 1833, ’34, ’35, and’38.

The late Dr. Jefferson Smith, of Dover, N. H., Dr. Dry-
den Smith, of Biddeford, Dr. Nathaniel Brooks, of Saco,
and Dr. Avery Brooks, of Springvale, removed from Water-
borough. Benjamin F. Pierce, M.D.,son of James H. Pierce,
was a surgeon in the United States Navy, and was drowned
in the Mississippi River in 1862. He was a young man
of much promise.

Dr. Frank Rogers left the town in 1878. Dr. J. T. G.

Emery, a late physician, has become successful in practice.

Among the leading military men of the town have been’
Capt. John Hamilton, 1811, colonel in 1813; Col. Samuel
Bradeen, 1820; Capt. Samuel Carll, 1820; Maj. Jeremiah
Roberts, 1831; Col. Ivory Parcher and Paul Chadbourne,
who was a soldier in the war of 1812.

Nathaniel Carpenter was second lieutenant of a volunteer
company, organized Dec. 12, 1846, to go to Mexico, but
was not called into service.

During the Rebellion the hardy sons of Waterborough
forsook the axe and the plow, and took up the musket.
One hundred and eighty-four men cnlisted from this town.
Bounties paid to soldiers, $46,270.61 ; aid to soldiers’ fam-
ilies, $5535.74; contributions for soldiers’ relief, $906;
total, $52,706.35.

BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH.

 

THE STROUT FAMILY.

The earliest of the family of Strout of whom we can
obtain any definite information was George Strout, living
in Gorham about the middle of the last century. His son
Samuel was born in Gorham, April 13, 1767; lived in
Limington, Raymond, Casco; and died in Otisfield, Feb,
13, 1856. His wife was Jerusha Emery, of Limington,
by whom he had eleven children, all of whom reached ma-
turity. The second son, Samuel, was born in Limington,
Dec. 15, 1789. He obtained a fair education despite the
394 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

many disadvantages of his early days, learned the trade of
cooper and ship-carpenter, working at the former business
more or less during his life. He was a soldier in the war
of 1812-14, and at its close returned to his trade. He
married, in 1823, Nancy A. Chadbourne, daughter of
Deacon Joseph Chadbourne, of Hiram, and settled on a
farm in Cornish, Me. In 1834, with their family of five
children, they came to Waterborough, where the aged wife
and widow is still living, in the family of Harrison L.,
their fourth son. The father died March 22, 1878, at the
age of eighty-eight. His religious preferences were with
the Free-Will Baptists. In politics he was a Democrat
formerly, but afterwards a Republican. His family of
eight children all reached maturity.

Benjamin C. was born May 4, 1824. A strong, energetic,
whole-souled boy and young man. Spent several years of
his early manhood in the cotton-factories of Salmon Falls,
where he was universally trusted and respected. In 1851
he, with his wife, Abby N. Chadbourne, of Fryeburg, re-
moved to Illinois, where he lived until his death, in 1862.
He was a radical temperance man, a thoroughly consecrated
Christian, a tireless and self-sacrificing worker in the church
of his choice (Congregational), and held several important
and honorable offices at the time of his death. His son,
Charles E., is living at David City, Neb., and Mrs. Strout
has remarried and lives at Rising City, Neb. William H.
was born May 8, 1826. He early showed an aptness for
books, being generally far ahead of the boys of hisage. By
his own efforts he secured a liberal academic education,
read law in the offices of John Jameson, of Cornish, and
Bradley and Eastman, of Saco, and upon examination was
admitted to the bar.

He spent a year in traveling and teaching in Illinois,
Towa, and Maine, 1851-52, and returning to Maine settled
in York. In 1853 he left the practice of the law and
joined the Maine Conference of the Methodist Episcopal
Church, where he continued till 1866, when, on account of
ill health, he took a transfer to the Rock River Conference,
Ill, where he is now successfully laboring. His wife is
Elizabeth F., daughter of Capt. David Simpson, of York.
They have four sons; the eldest son is deceased.

Cyrus W., a native of Cornish, born 1828, served an
apprenticeship as house-carpenter. After following his
trade several years, he engaged in manufacturing at Bath,
Milltown, Boston, and Hallowell. At the latter place he
filled honorable and responsible positions in church and
state, and undermined his health by too severe application
to business, which was partially restored by rest and travel.
At present he finds quiet and repose in his rural home in

 

Springfield, Mass. An earnest worker in the church of
his choice (Methodist), he enjoys large confidence wherever
known. His wife, Harriet J. Storer, died early of con-
sumption. He married subsequently, and has a family of
boys growing up around him. Joseph C., born in Cornish,
1832, became interested in religion at an early age. De-
ciding to preach, he joined the Maine Conference, and
met with marked success in his different fields of labor.
His earnest devotion to his work proving stronger than
his constitution, he died of consumption in Acton, in 1862.
“ He died at his post.” His wife, Sarah Milligan, of Calais,
Mce., a lady of superior mental endowments, has won con-
siderable distinction as a writer. He left one son, Frank
Mansfield, a young man of much promise.

Erastus B., born in Waterborough, 1835, a ripe scholar
and successful teacher, early laid the foundation of disease
by undue application to books, and died in early manhood,
while brilliant prospects of success were just within his
grasp, aged thirty years.

Martha E., the only daughter, was born in Waterborough,
in 1839. She finished life’s great work early, and died in
1858. “Death loves a shining mark.”

Samuel, Jr., the youngest, born in Waterborough, 1841.
He enlisted in the United States service, and was enrolled
a private in Company I, 1st Maine Cavalry. He was
wounded and taken prisoner by the rebels, and nearly
starved in Libby prison. He was released, but died soon

| after at Annapolis, Md., Sept. 6, 1864. He left a wife and

one child. His remains were brought to Waterborough,
and interred in the family burying-ground.

Harrison L., the fourth son, was born in Cornish, in
1829. He acquired a fair education, which he turned to
some account as teacher of district schools, but has made
farming his chosen occupation. Living on the old home-
stead, ‘“‘unvexed by all the cares of gain,’ enjoying the
comforts of an enterprising and moderately successful farmer.
Always avoiding the schemes and intrigues of party poli-
ticians, though a warm friend of the Republican party, he
has given more attention to the moral and religious ques-
tions of the day. He became in youth a member of the
Methodist Episcopal Church in Hollis, where he has ever
enjoyed the respect and confidence of his associates. He
married Louisa, daughter of Hugh Milliken, of Scarbor-
ough, a woman of rare virtues, good understanding, and an
exemplary Christian.

The family comprise six children (all natives of Water-
borough), four of whom are now living, viz., Martha Ellen,
Howard Leslie, Mary Louisa, and Henry Eugene, who give
flattering promise of future excellence.
WELLS.

 

SITUATION AND BOUNDARIES.

TuIs town is situated in north latitude 43° 20’, and west
longitude 70° 35’. It is bounded on the southwest by a
line which divides it from the town of York, beginning at
the west corner of Wells Bay, and running northwest nearly
eight miles to a noted spring called Baker's Spring, at the
east corner of Berwick ; thence, by the Berwick line, about
north by west to the south corner of Sanford ; thence north-
east by Sanford about four miles to a small river commonly
called the Branch River; thence by said river, which
divides it from Kennebunk, in nearly a southeast direction
to the sea; and thence by Wells Bay in a direction nearly
southwest eight miles and a half to the bounds first men-
tioned ; containing about 40,000 acres. The original grant
included the town of Kennebunk, and was nearly double
the area above stated.

RIVERS AND HARBORS.

The town of Wells is well watered. There are nine
small rivers or brooks running through it in various direc-
tions, which have water sufficient to carry mills a part of
the year. On these streams three are now in operation.

One of these streams runs in a southwest direction into
Berwick ; the others run southeasterly, and, after falling
into the marsh, form three rivers, which run into the sea.
The principal of these rivers is near the centre of the town,
and was called by the Indians Webhannet, but it is now
generally called the Town River. At the place where it
discharges itself into the sea a considerable harbor is formed,
but a sand-bar renders the entrance to it quite difficult. In
common tides the depth on the bar at high water is about
nine feet, and at low water not more than two feet. An-
ciently all the traveling from York to Saco was on the
beach, and the bar made a convenient place for a ford.

In the southerly part of the town the Ogunquit River
forms another harbor, which can be entered by small ves-
sels only, the depth of water there being but about eight
feet. Ina sketch of this town, written in 1825 by Jere-
miah Hubbard and Jonathan Greenleaf, the following fact
about this river is noticed: ‘‘ Within the memory of men
now living the outlet of this river into the sea has shifted
nearly a mile. It formerly ran out about where it now does ;
but in a great storm the outlet became somewhat obstructed,
and the main river broke through the beach nearly a mile
to the eastward. The river having thus found vent, its
former channel was wholly filled up. However, the river
gradually wore away the beach, and with it a small island,
which lay very near to it, and in a few years regained its
former channel, where it has ever since remained.”

At the session of Congress in January, 1824, a grant
was made to the town of Wells of the sum of $5000 for

 

the purpose of improving the main harbor. This sum was
appropriated in the construction of a pier 800 feet in length
in the summer of 1824,

SOIL AND PRODUCTIONS.

Wells contains a great variety of soil, though its general
character is sandy. In 1824 the following estimate was
made of the qualities of different kinds of soil of the town,
viz. :

 
 
  
 
  

Acres,
DA EAM AIShi consis cannsaseeuntunanidivvieecasaciteervedeaus 1,800
Natural meadow........... 300
Very good land, improved.. 5,000
Clay and loam, improved... 1,200

Low and healthy land,

 

bushes, but capable of improvement 800
Barren heath.ccsccccesesses coves 600
Ledges and beaches, unimprovable.. $00
Pitch-pine plains, searce worth imp . 5,000
Sandy and gravelly land, rather poor.........-se00 9,400
Land capable of improvement, but co

present with wood and timber........csessseees

 

EARLY SETTLEMENT.

The settlement of this town began as early as 1641, the
province of Maine belonging then to Sir Ferdinando
Gorges. From any surviving record it is impossible to de-
termine to whom belongs the honor of being its founder.
Historians have generally awarded it to Rev. John Wheel-
wright. But probably Edmund Littlefield had been estab-
lished here before Wheelwright came to Wells. In conse-
quence of the usurpation of New Hampshire by the colony
of Massachusetts, Wheelwright was obliged to abandon
Exeter and move farther east. He and several others of
the combination took refuge in Wells, and Thomas Gorges,
agent for Sir Ferdinando, appointed him, Henry Boad, and
Edward Rishworth commissioners to survey and allot the
lands to persons whom they should judge suitable to initiate
and build up a township, they paying annually 5s. for every
100 acres. Whether any survey of the plantation was
made or not, no record informs us. The first volume of
the town records, probably a very small book, was burnt in
the town clerk’s house in 1667, so that we have no definite
boundaries of the original plantation. All which we can
now say is, that on the westerly side the line began at the
sea, at a noted place called White Rock, and ran north-
westerly to a great rock near Baker’s Spring, and from
White Flint by the beach to Kennebunk River, about ten
miles; then by the river about eight miles into the interior ;
then to Baker's Spring; this inclosed about 40,000 acres.

Wheelwright had a large grant himself, but he remained
in Wells not over three years. His grant was located near
and adjoining the Ogunquit River, on the east side; but
his house was erected near the eastern end of the present
Wells village. Edmund Littlefield had established himself

395
396

HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

nearer the other end of the village, having there built his
saw-mill before Wheelwright came to Wells.

During the ten succeeding years about 25 families came
into the plantation, and in 1653 it was duly incorporated
by commissioners of the colony of Massachusetts, the heads
of these families having first signed the agreement of sub-
mission to that jurisdiction. The commissioners having
brought the settlers into subjection, the principal object of
their mission, then declared “ that Wells should be a town-
ship of itself,” with the rights and privileges appurtenant
to other corporations of that character. They then ap-
pointed Henry Boad, Ezekiel Knight, John Wadley, and
John Gooch, sclectmen, to manage the prudential affairs of
the town. Tizekiel Knight was appointed a grand juror.
The selectmen were directed to appoint a meet person to
keep an ordinary for the entertainment of strangers. John
Sanders and Jonathan Thing were appointed sergeants to
exercise the military company. Henry Boad and Thomas
Wheelwright were appointed commissioners “to end small
causes under 40s., according to law.” Jonathan Thing was
also appointed constable ; Joseph Bowles, clerk of the writs,
—that is, town clerk,—with power “to grant warrants,
attachments,” ete.

The commissioners then went to work and broke up tke
church, on the plea that it had made trouble among the
people, and soon afterwards, July 1, 1661, the court which
had been established, at its meeting in York, and then sit-
ting, “ ordered, until the inhabitants could better provide
for themselves, that Mr. Ezekiel Knight and William Ham-
mon should duly attend the place of public meeting on the
Lord’s day, and improve their best abilities in speaking out
of the word of God, praying, singing of psalms, and read-
ing some good orthodox sermons, as might most tend to the
edification of them that hear, and the sanctification of the
Sabbath.”

INDIAN WARS.

The history of this town for three-quarters of a century
is full of interest. The adversities which the people were
called to meet seem to have been almost too much for
human endurance. But there were among them noble men,
who inspirited the settlers to present a bold front to and
amidst all pending terrors. The Indian wars began in
1676, and the ravages of the revengeful natives during its
continuance were enough to appall the stoutest hearts. But
the afflictions which came upon them during this short con-
flict were light in the contrast with those which befell them
in King William’s and Queen Anne’s wars, which followed
soon afterwards, devastating all the territory cast of Wells,
and thus leaving this as the frontier town, and compelling the
inhabitants to breast the fury of all the combined savage and
French forces which could be brought against it. During
the first of these wars, in 1692, was fought on its soil one
of the most remarkable battles ever fought on these shores.
Five hundred French and Indians, under French officers,
attacked the garrison of Joseph Storer, a place of refuge
which he, at his own expense, had built for all the towns-
men, and for others who had been driven from their homes
in various places at the eastward. There were but 15 sol-
dicrs stationed in it, under Capt. Convers, while about half
a mile distant were two coasters, under the command of

 

’

Capts. Gooch and Storer, having on board 14 additional
men for the garrison. Every means was applied by the
enemy to capture the garrison and destroy the vessels, but
all their machinations were ineffectual, and after two days’
unintermitted struggle they were compelled to abandon the
enterprise, with the loss of Labrocree, their commander,
though they had presented themselves before the garrison
in the full confidence of a successful attack. The battle
with the two coasters was not less fierce and determined,
but the brave men effectually resisted all their stratagems,
losing only one of their number.

During this bloody war, when all the counsel and energies
of the best men were required for the common protection,
that memorable delusion which brought so many innocent
persons under the plea of witchcraft to the scaffold, was
raging in Massachusetts. Among the number of these was
Rey. George Burrows, of Wells, who was devoting all his
powers to save the town from destruction, and its inhabitants
from the scalping-knife. Under such aggravated as well as
fearful circumstances, it is a wonder that every person did
not flee from the town, and abandon it to the ravages of
the enemy. The only reason for their perseverance was,
perhaps, that there was no place to which they could flee.

During these wars, which did not end till 1713, many
of the inhabitants were murdered, many houses burned,
farms laid waste, and cattle killed. A new war beginning
ten years after, the people had not recovered their former
position. Many of them were called into the public ser-
vice abroad, and their farms left without culture, though
no very serious damage resulted to the town from those re-
newed hostilities. But in 1745 the memorable expedition
for the capture of Louisbourg was set on foot, and at least
one-third of all the able-bodied men rushed into the enter-
prise. Believing that the French had been the instigators
of all the savage raids and cruclties of the wars which they
had gone through, they went to this new work with their
whole souls. Several of them laid down their lives in it,
but the success of the expedition, so unexpected, paralyzed
the arms of the natives, and they never afterwards made
any incursions upon the inhabitants of Wells.

During all the wars after that of 1676, John Wheel-
wright, grandson of Rev. John, inspired by a true and ar-
dent patriotism, was at work in the cause of the people, at
home and in the castern part of the province. In the
many discouragements which he experienced he never fal-
tered, but persevered in duty wherever it called him, so
that, in the words of Rev. William Allen, “he was deemed
the bulwark of Massachusetts against the assaults of- the
Indians on the east.”

WAR OF THE REVOLUTION.

During the Revolutionary war which followed, Wells con-
tributed largely to the army. At times, it is believed, at
least one-third of the able-bodicd men were ip the ser-
vice ; no other town furnished a greater number of officers.
Col. Joseph Storer, Maj. Daniel Littlefield, Capt. James
Hubbard, Capt. Daniel Wheelwright, Capt. Samuel Saw-
yer, died in the war. Gen. Noah M. Littlefield, Maj. Na-
thaniel Cousens, Maj. Isaac Pope, Capt. James Littlefield,
Ensign John Littlefield, and others, were also in active
TOWN OF WELLS. 397

 

service. Sometimes the people were driven to the utmost
extremities to provide for enlistments, the quotas required
drawing so largely on the population. The bounties de-
manded exhausted their entire pecuniary ability, so that
some were obliged to take the feathers from their beds,
send them to Boston and sell them, to meet their propor-
tion of these public burdens.

The following is a list of Revolutionary soldiers who
served in Capt. James Hubbard’s and Capt. Samuel Saw-
yer’s companies. Capt. Hubbard lived in that part of
Wells since called Kennebunk, and his men were enlisted
for eight months’ service: James Hubbard, captain; Jo-
seph Churchill, lieutenant ; Nathaniel Cousens, lieutenant ;
Stephen Larrabee, sergeant; Samuel Chadbourne, Barthol-
omew Goodwin, Jotham Littlefield; Samuel Burnham,
sergeant; John Butland, sergeant; Thomas Wormwood,
corporal; Stephen Fairfield, corporal; Remick Cole, cor-
poral; Richard Gilpatrick, corporal; Jacob Blaisdell, fifer ;
John Webber, drummer; Joseph Cousens, Rowlins Col-
burn, John Denny, Jr., Joseph Daggett, Job Emery, Obe-
diah Emmons, Jedediah Gooch, Dimon Hubbard, James
Gilpatrick, Joshua Gilpatrick, Edmund Currier, Abraham
Littlefield, Henry Maddox, John Manger, John Ross,
Abner Wormwood, Samuel Waterhouse, John Kimball,
John Webber, Jr., Benjamin Wormwood, Amos Storer,
Jedediah Goodale, John Wormwood, Ezekiel Webber, Jon-
athan Banks, Jobn Campbell, John Penny, Isaac Storer,
Benjamin Webber, John Boothby, Jr.

Capt. Samuel Sawyer’s company: Samuel Sawyer, cap-
tain; Jedediah Littlefield, lieutenant ; Samuel Stevens, en-
sign; Samuel Goodale, sergeant; George Jacobs, sergeant ;
John Littlefield, sergeant; Joel Stevens, corporal; Jon-
athan Low, corporal; Nathan Kimball, corporal; Stephen
Johnson, corporal; Joshua Taylor, drummer ; Joseph Kil-
gore, fifer; Abraham Barnes, Jonathan Banks, Timothy
Boston, Jonathan Boston, Nason Lord, Ebenezer Little-
field, Josiah Morrison, Benjamin Morrison, John Mitchell,
William Dealing, John Mcldrum, Allen Penny, Joseph
Stevens, Reuben Stuart, Ebenezer Storer, Ebenezer Tib-
betts, Eliphalet Taylor, Seth Taylor, John Trow.

The following persons belonging to Wells enlisted in the
company of Capt. Jesse Dorman, of Arundel: Ezekiel
Wakefield, sergeant; John Fisk, John Hubbard, James
Smith, Abijah Wormwood, Daniel Meader, Moses Drown,
Edmund Littlefield, Moses Blaisdell.

There was also a company under Capt. Noah M. Little-
field, which was enlisted to guard the beach from Kittery
to Portland, and was at the latter place immediately after
it was burnt; afterwards at Kittery, employed in building
the fort; and another company under the command of
Capt. Joshua Bragdon, many of whom were inhabitants of
Wells.

Capt. Hubbard’s and Capt. Sawyer’s companies marched
to Cambridge, and were there in service three months.
Capt. Hubbard died in the service at Cambridge. When
the eight months’ service at Cambridge had expired, many
of the soldiers of Capt. Sawyer’s company re-enlisted for
one year, among whom were the following: Jedediah Lit-
tlefield, lieutenant; Samuel Stevens, ensign; James Gil-
patrick, Isaac Storer, John Bourne, Elijah’ Boston, Nathan-

 

iel Butland, Paul Goodwin, Benjamin Kimball, William
Perkins, Stephen Ricker, Daniel Stuart.

This service was one of great hardship and exposure.
They marched to New York; thence to Albany, Lake
Champlain, St. John’s, Montreal; thence up the Cedars
sixty miles; thence back to St. John’s, where most of them
had the smallpox; thence to Ticonderoga and Albany,
Newton and Trenton, where they were discharged.

In the war of 1812 few or none enlisted, the feeling of
nearly all the people being in opposition to it.

In the Rebellion of 1861 most of the quotas of the
town were supplied from abroad. Bounties from $200 to
$400 were paid. In the aggregate of troops furnished for
the military service in the various wars, Wells probably fur-
nished as many soldiers as any other town in the State.

Before the Revolutionary war, a few of the people en-
gaged in navigation. Several small vessels were built;
some of these were engaged in the West India trade, others
in coasting only. After the great conflict was closed, the
enterprise in this direction was more general ; larger vessels
were built and more of the people embarked in it. A ship
of nearly 300 tons was launched in 1790. Brigs and
smaller vessels were added yearly to the navigation. Some
of these were captured by the French. Deducting the
losses which happened in this way, and others by the perils
of the sea, probably the town was not made richer by its

- navigation.

OCCUPATIONS OF THE PEOPLE.

The main body of the people are, and always have been,
farmers. A few are engaged in trade and in lumber opera-
tions, but it is believed agricultural life has been as success-
ful as any other. It was said by the late Judge Wells, in
a public document, that the lands in Wells are exceed-
ingly poor and unfertile. But it is believed that among
the varieties of the soil there is as much which may be
termed good as in other towns in the county. Being
adjacent to the sea, and embracing within its limits exten-
sive marshes, the additional value given to it by the benefits
arising from these sources make a farm of as much value to
the owner as farms in any other town which has no superior
market. During the last century the principal annual
product was corn, and several of the farmers raised between
200 and 300 bushels. As great a harvest can be had now
if equal labor and attention are bestowed for the purpose.
The people also from the early days of the settlemént up to
the latter part of the last century kept large stocks of cattle ;
some of them a dozen cows. Corn, butter, and cheese bring
a higher price than in olden times, and any farm equal to
the average in town, after the war-debt shall be removed,
will bring to the man who faithfully and judiciously tills it
a reasonable income.

At the present time W. G. Mathews, George G. Hatch,
L. E. Keyes & Son, W. Rankin & Son, 8. B. Farnsworth
& Son, and Samuel Bragdon are engaged in mercantile
business at the village; G. Getchell, L. A. Stevens & Co.,
and Samuel Emery, merchants, at Wells Depot; B. Max-
well, Charles H. Littlefield, and William Varrell, merchants,
Ogunquit; David Chick, Wells Branch, general merchan-
dise.
398 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

Manufacturers: J. N. Buffum, D. Clark, Joseph G.
Storer, lumber dealers; Bean & Littlefield, B. HE. Trip,
blacksmiths; J. R. Rankin, wheelwright; E. P. Hobbs,
John Hilling, painters. At the Depot, Theodore Wells,
West & Bragdon, lumber dealers; R. S. Hubbard, black-
smith; Jacob Storer, carpenter. At Ogunquit, J. D. Eaton,
William Maxwell, lumber dealers; David Kimball, black-
smith ; William Jacobs, carpenter.

Hotels: Atlantic House, O. A. Frost; summer boarding-
houses, Charles Perkins, Samuel 8. Perkins.

Libraries: Wells Library Association, H. N. Curtis,
librarian ; Wells Depot, Depot Library, E. J. Getchell.

SCHOOLS.

No schools existed in the town prior to 1715, nor does
it appear that the town till this date voted to employ a
schoolmaster. The Indian wars had been a serious imped-
iment to education. It does not appear that the first vote
of the town was carried into effect, for in 1716 the town
was indicted for not procuring a schoolmaster. This led to
the employment of the first teacher,— Mr. Richard Martin,
the son of a former mivister. He was a graduate of Har-
vard in 1680. In 1717 the town voted £30 to Mr. Martin
for his year's services, “to teach girls and boys to read,
write, and sifer, or Latin, according to their capacity ;”
school to be kept the first quarter at Col. John Wheel-
wright’s house; the second quarter at Mr. Daniel Little-
field’s house, near Ogunquit River ; the remaining half-year
near the meeting-house, in the middle of the town. “The
persons with whom Mr. Martin diates to be paid 6s. per
week during the term of time exprest.”

Schools went on prosperously from this time. In 1734
it was voted to build two school-houses in town, one “on
the ministerial lot, and the other near Deacon Samuel
Treadwell’s, each of one story, and 22 feet by 16.”

Among those who taught in town from 1728 to the
Revolution were Nathaniel Harrington (graduate of Har-
vard), Andrew Tyler (Harvard, 1738), John Lester, Eben-
ezer P. Kingman, Robert Swainson, Master Morse, John
Cluff, John Heard (Harvard), Nathaniel Adams (Harvard),
John Denine, Samuel Prentiss, John Coffin, Daniel F. Ayer,
Daniel Rogers (graduate), Edmund Webber, Nathaniel
Libby, Master Haile, Samuel Hancock. Those who were
graduates taught the grammar schools. After the Revo-
lution Jonathan Ward, Robert Harvey, James Snow, and
James Osborn were employed as teachers.

The number of school districts in town in 1878 was 14;
estimated value of school property, $5000; number of male
teachers employed in winter, 11; number of children be-
longing to the town between the ages of four and twenty-
one, 839 ; number registered, 536 ; percentage of attendance,
46; number of female teachers in summer, 18; number of
female teachers in winter, 10; average wages of male
teachers per month, $33.60; average wages of female
teachers per week, exclusive of board, $7.22; amount of
school money voted, $2218; amount available from State
treasury, $1500.

MILLS.
It has a great many mill-sites, though the water-power

is not great on any of the streams. The three rivers—

 

Webhannet, Little, and Ogunquit—have many mills on
them, and they offer good sites for small factories; while
all along the sea from York to Kennebunk are fine locations
for houses for summer resort.

EMINENT MEN.

Thomas Gorges, deputy Governor of Maine and mayor
of Gorgeana, was granted by Sir Ferdinando Gorges, in
1641, 5000 acres of land, which he was permitted to select
for a barony, with full power to divide the same into manors
and lordships, and to hold courts-baron and court-leets
within said lordship. He chose the tract near the Ogun-
quit, in the southwestern part of the present town of Wells.
On the 19th of April, 1643, Gorges conveyed a part to
Rev. John Wheelwright, who had been banished from
Massachusetts on account of his antinomian principles.
Mr. Wheelwright was a leading man in the early civil
affairs of the province. (See General History.) He was the
father of John Wheelwright.

Besides these whom we have mentioned as distinguished
in the wars of the country, Wells can boast of its full share
of eminent men in the other departments of life. Joseph
Hammond and John Wheelwright were councilors of the
province, and judges of the Courts of Common Pleas and
of Probate. Samucl Wheelwright was judge of the Court.
of Common Pleas and Probate. John Storer was judge of
the Court of Common Pleas, and engaged in various ways
in the service of the government. Joseph Sayer, a judge
of the Common Pleas; Nathaniel Wells, many years a
judge of said court, commissioner on eastern land, and in
many matters agent in the public service. Rev. Dr. Hem-
menway was one of the most eminent theologians of New
England. Col. John Wheelwright was town clerk forty
years, and one of the selectmen. He was judge of the
Court of Common Pleas, judge of Probate, and one of the
councilors of the province for many years. He was in the
service as an officer under Mayor Converse, went on the
eastern expedition, and was afterwards stationed at Fort
Mary, near the mouth of the Saco River. Government
relied upon him with great confidence. He died Aug. 13,
1745, aged eighty-one years.

CHURCHES.

FIRST CONGREGATIONAL CHURCH OF WELLS.

Previous to the formal gathering of a church the people
had been provided with preaching by the town, as the law
required. The celebrated John Wheelwright probably was
one of the first ministers. July 1, 1661, the court at York
appointed Kzekiel Knight and Wm. Hammond “ to conduct
worship at Wells on the Lord’s day, as the law of God and
this jurisdiction require.” This order prevailed about two
years, when the people hired their own minister at a stipu-
lated salary, so long as they saw fit to remain. Six minis-
ters, or religious teachers, were thus employed from 1664
to 1690. Accordingly, in 1664, Joseph Emerson was set-
tled for two or three years; in 1667, Jeremiah Hubbard
for a few months; soon after, Robert Payne, probably five
years. A house was built for him on the town lot, and he
had a salary of £45. Sept. 2, 1672, John Buss settled for
about eleven years, at a salary of £60, the use of the town-
TOWN OF WELLS. 399

house, and a contribution of labor each year. Of the salary
£5 should be money, and the balance in farm and mill pro-
ducts, as follows: wheat at 5s., corn 4s., beef 4d., and

boards at 4s. per hundred. Mr. Buss was a physician as.

well as minister, and from Wells removed to Durham, N.
H., where he followed both professions. In 1683, Percival
Greene settled for five or six years, salary £50, and use of
town-house. June 21, 1869, Richard Martin, school-
master in town, was employed. He had the use of the
parsonage and £50, payable as follows: wheat at 4s., rye
2s. 6d., peas 4s. per bushel, pork 23d. per lb., boards 19s.,
and staves 17s. per thousand. About this time a meeting-
house and parsonage were built, and some regular order
observed. From this time until the close of the century,
it is probable that there was little or no preaching. It
required all the energy of the settlers to sustain themselves
against the hostile Indians. The First Congregational
Church of Wells was organized Oct. 29, 1721, and at this
period the church records commence. Samuel Emery was
ordained the first pastor, and remained until his death, De-
cember, 1724. The original signers of the church cove-
nant were John Wheelwright, Wm. Sayer, Josiah Littlefield,
Jonathan Littlefield, Nathaniel Clark, Thomas Baston, Na-
thaniel Clayes, James Adams, Jeremiah Storer. On Nov.
22,1725, both town and church concurred in the settlement
of Samuel Jefferds. He was a native of Salem, a graduate
of Harvard; studied divinity at Beverly, ordained at the
age of twenty-one, and died Feb. 1, 1752, aged forty-eight.
During the early part of his ministry a lot was procured for
a parsonage, and the building erected. After the death of
Mr. Jefferds, church destitute for two years. Feb. 27,
1754, Gideon Richardson ordained; removed by death,
March 17, 1758, aged twenty-seven. Aug. 8, 1759, Moses
Hemmenway was ordained. After a long and useful pas-
torate of more than fifty years, he died April 5, 1811,
aged seventy-six. He was a native of Framingham, a
graduate of Harvard, and was distinguished for close and
patient study. He was early made a D.D. by Harvard.
Benjamin White, who had been an assistant of Dr. Hem-
menway, was ordained June 26, 1811. His health rapidly
declined, and he died at Thetford, Vt., March 23, 1814.
Jonathan Greenleaf, author of “ Greenleaf’s Sketches,” suc-
ceeded, being ordained March 8, 1815, and was dismissed
Sept. 28, 1828. He died at Brooklyn, N. Y., 1855, aged
eighty. Since his dismissal the pastors have been Wil-
liam Clark, from Feb. 18, 1829, to April 18, 1837; Jonas
Colburn, from April 18, 1837, to July 27, 1844; James
R. Cushing, from Nov. 20, 1844, to May 20,1854. Giles
Leach (stated supply), from Sept. 1, 1854, to March 7,
1868, at which time Lewis Goodrich (stated supply) com-
menced his labors. The present pastor is Rev. H. F.
Arnold. The following is a list of the earliest deacons, with
date of election and terms of service: Joseph Storer, Oct.
29,1714, fourteen years; Jonathan Hammond, Oct. 29,
1714, two years and ten months; Thomas Wells, March 3,
1717, twenty years; Samuel Treadwell, July 31, 1730,
twenty-nine years; Joseph Sayer, May 27, 1738, thirty-
five years and nine months; Nathaniel Wells, Sept. 8, 1756,
twenty years; Benjamin Hatch, April 23, 1772, thirty-six
years; Michael Wilson, April 23, 1772, three years nearly ;

 

Nathaniel Wells, July 8, 1779, thirty-nine years; Robert

Wells, Oct. 13, 1785, thirty-four years and three months.
By vote of the church, Dec. 22, 1726, Deacon Wells
was desired to purchase a book for records, and also a pew-
ter platter and tankard, and a stone jug for the use of the
church. In 1730 he was instructed to purchase two pewter
flagons, and two pewter tankards for church use. A legacy
of £10, left by Joseph Hill to the church, was expended
for half a dozen hard metal cups for communion table.
This society has a good meeting-house,.a comfortable par-
sonage, and several acres of parish or parsonage land.

SECOND CONGREGATIONAL CHURCH OF WELLS

was organized Aug. 23,1831. The following have been
its pastors, with their terms of service: Charles 8. Adams,
from Dec. 28, 1831, to January, 1834; David Oliphant,
from Sept. 24, 1834, to March 28, 1838 ; Charles Walker,
from May 8, 1839, to April 16, 1844; Benj. Howe, from
Nov. 5, 1845, to Nov. 5, 1849 ; Jacob C. Goss, from March
19, 1851, to July 16, 1855; Jonathan B. Cook (stated
supply), from Jan. 1, 1854, to July 18, 1855; dismissed
April 30, 1867; Samuel Bowker (stated supply), from
1867 to August, 1870. Benjamin Southworth (stated
supply) commenced his ministry Oct. 1, 1870. The meet-
ing-house was built in 1831, and dedicated December 28th.
This society has a good and convenient parsonage.

FIRST BAPTIST CHURCH IN WELLS.

This church had its origin in the labors of Nathaniel
Lord, a licentiate. A parish society was formed June 3,
1793, and consisted of 20 members, viz., Jeremiah Hub-
bard, Joseph Eaton, Joseph Goodwin, John Witham, Geo.
Penny, Abraham Annis, Joseph Hobbs, Nehemiah Annis,
Moses Chick, John Hatch, Elisha Perkins, Samuel Chad-
bourne, James Littlefield, Joseph Day, Richard Lord, David
Littlefield, James Speare, Stephen Annis, Jonathan Hill,
and Joshua Eaton, Jr. They petitioned the General Court
for a new parish, but an arrangement was entered into with
the old parish by which those who paid the tax could
choose to which of the two societies it should be applied.
Oct. 10, 1780, 14 persons were organized as a church at
the house of Joseph Hatch by Rev. Dr. Shepherd and Rev.
William Hooper. The first deacon was Joseph Eaton, who
became the second pastor.

The following have been the pastors: Rev. N. Lord, from
November, 1780, to Feb. 28, 1798; Joseph Eaton, from
Feb. 28, 1798, to June 27, 1821; Oliver Barron, from
June 27, 1821, to 1829; Abner Flanders, one year; Isaac
Merriam, from 1830 to 1837; Oliver Barron, from 1837
to Feb. 15, 1844; Rufus Chase, for three years; P. C.
Hine, from Jan. 10, 1847, to May 5, 1851; M. Jameson,
J. M. Wedgwood, closing March 20, 1857 ; G. E. Tucker,
closing Sept. 6, 1859; Cyrus Chase, from 1861 till May
31, 1866; J. Frank Roberts, for three years; Rev. Mr.
Gruder, one year. William H. Copeland was employed in
the autumn of 1871.

During the early part of Mr. Eaton’s pastorate the
church was much increased. In 1804, 76 were dismissed
to form North Berwick Baptist Church ; others withdrew
to form the Free- Will Baptist Church of Wells, and divi-
400 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

sions followed, so that at the close of his term but 29
members remained. Under the care of Isaac Merriam the
church increased from 30 to 156 members in about five
years. The first meeting house was built in 1791; the
present one in 1800.

WELLS CHRISTIAN CHURCH,

This church was organized March 14, 1809, by Elder
Elias Smith, with the following members: Richard Little-
field, Solomon Stevens, John Kimball, Nathan Kimball,
William Boston, Merey Witham, Betsey Kimball, Mary
Kimball, Susan Butland, and Rebecca Stuart. The follow-
ing have been its supplies: Richard Littlefield, from 1814
to 1843; Elder Mosier; George 8. Osborn, from 1861 to
middle of 1863; Joel Wilson; Elder Sawyer, for a time,
since which preaching has been maintained part of the time
by different ministers. Solomon Stevens was the first
deacon, followed by Jonathan Kimball. In 1861 the
church was reorganized, Jonathan Kimball, deacon. Two
small houses for worship were erected about 1833.

THE CHRISTIAN CHURCH OF WELLS AND YORK,

at the village of Ogunquit, was organized Aug. 16, 1830,
by Elders Mark Fernald, Peter Young, and Jedediah
Goodwin, with a membership of 21,—7 males and 14
females. Elder Payne occupies the pulpit at this present
time. The first place of worship was built about 1831, on
the joint-stock plan so common in this part of the country.
About 1857 the present church structure was erected half
a mile south of the old site. It was dedicated with ap-
propriate ceremonies by Elder Pike Daniel. The first
deacons were Israel Littlefield and Moses Perkins. In
1850, Johnson Littlefield was chosen deacon. Jedediah
Perkins was his successor. In 1869 a fine parsonage was
built. This church has flourished greatly under the care
of its pastors and preachers, and reports a membership of
182.
FREE-WILL BAPTIST.

By advice of council it was voted Aug. 16, 1843, to dis-
band the old church, and organize a new one of those mem-
bers who might be found in love and Christian union.
Twelve persons were accordingly constituted a church under
the name of the Free-Will Baptist Church of Wells, with
Nathan Clark for clerk and deacon. Hlder N. K. Sargent
became the first pastor.

 

METHODIST--MARYLAND RIDGE.

In 1851, Rev. J. C. Strout formed a class of 10 mem-
bers, with Shadrach Littleficld as leader. Their neat and
tasty house of worship was designed and erected under the
direction of Rev. James W. Sawyer, and dedicated July,
1870, by Joseph Colby, the presiding elder. The society
has a few acres of land, on which is a comfortable parsonage,
built about 1864. The succession of pastors has been as
follows: J. C. Strout, 1856 and 1857; L. Roy, 1858; H.
H. Martin, 1859 and 1860; R. C. Bailey, 1861; H. B.
Sawyer, 1862; David D. Spear, 1863; Jesse Stone, 1864 ;
J. BK. Baxter, 1865 and 1866; local supply, 1867 ; Daniel
Helleron, 1868; James W. Sawyer, 1869; James Nixon,
1870; and Rev. Charles Andrews, 1871. Estimated value

| of church property, $4000.

UNIVERSALISTS.

The first Universalist Society of Wells was formed July
13, 1861. July 5, 1861, Joshua Chick, Gustavus Q.
Clark, Joshua Clark, David Chick, Joshua C. Littlefield,
William Clark, Jomtha Day, and Daniel Day petitioned for
a warrant to authorize a meeting for incorporation. These
petitioners, with others, met July 13, 1861, and chose
Daniel Day moderator, Samuel Mildram clerk, and Joshua
Clark treasurer and collector. Sept. 2, 1861, Samuel H.
Littlefield and Daniel Storer were admitted members of the
society. Nov. 11, 1861, David Chick was chosen clerk.
Nov. 30, 1861, a vote was taken to build a meeting-house,
and a committee appointed to solicit’ subscriptions, and
during the following year it was built. July 12, 1862,
Owen B. Littlefield was admitted a member. Preaching
has never been sustained in this society except during the
summer season. The Rev. Silas Stone Fletcher, of Exeter,
supplied their pulpit for several years. The Revs. Mr.
Drew and Quinby have also preached for them. They have
a neat little chapel on a sightly location.

THE UNION HOUSE,

in District No. 6, at Plaisted Corner, was fitted for worship
about 1868. It reports a band of Christians occupying an
independent position, recognized by none of the standard
denominations of the day. The Word of God is taken as
counsel and the Spirit as guide. It is composed of 25 or
30 members, and their preacher or leader has been, and still
is, Henry Plaisted.
 

Photo. by Conant, Portland.

BARAK MAXWELL.

Gershom Maxwell, whose father emigrated from | Maxwell, was born April 5, 1816. He had one

Scotland, was born in Windham, Mass., in 1696.
He came to Wells, York Co., in 1720, and married
Mary Young, of York. They had eight children.
Barak, the fifth child, remained on the homestead,
and married Anne Littlefield in 1763, by whom he
had eight children. After the decease of his first
wife, he married widow Mary Sawyer, by whom he
had two sons, Barak and Aaron, and one daughter,
Anna. He died at the age of eighty-four years.

Aaron, the second son by his second wife, was born
Jan. 13, 1785; married Lydia, daughter of Aaron
Warren, who was an assistant surgeon in the navy
of the United States during the Revolutionary war.
In the year 1822 he opened a public-house at Cape
Neddick, in York, Me., but soon after removed to
his native village, where he successfully continued
his business for about fifty years. He was the
second, if not the first, landlord in Maine to ban-
ish all kinds of intoxicating liquors from his bar.
He died April 17, 1864. His wife died April 17,
1858.

Barak MAXWELL, son of Aaron and Lydia

|
|
|

brother, Lincoln Leer, who was born March 23,
1822, and died July 26, 1830.

Barak Maxwell received an academical education,
and at the age of sixteen entered a store as clerk.
At the age of nineteen he commenced mercantile life
for himself in his native town, and has continued
this business, with the exception of about one and a
half years, until 1879.

He married Sept. 20, 1842, Betsey Ames, the
Of this
union there have been born six children,—Elizabeth
Ames, born June 30, 1847; Warren Brown, born
Oct. 18, 1848; James Henry, born Sept. 3, 1852;
Myron Ames, born March 5, 1854; Aaron Arthur,
born June 4, 1858; Lydia Alice, born Oct. 6, 1859.

Mr. Maxwell has filled at different times the

adopted daughter of Rev. Jonas Colburn.

offices of selectman, town treasurer, superintendent
of schools, and has represented the town one session
in the State Legislature. He has from youth been
connected with the First Congregational Society,
and for twenty years in succession he has been

superintendent of the Sabbath-school.
LIMINGTON.

 

GENERAL DESCRIPTION.

THE town of Limington comprises the eastern portion
of the lands lying between the Saco and Little Ossipee
Rivers. It is slightly over nine miles long, with an average
width of five miles. It is bounded on the north by Bald-
win, and on the east by Standish, in Cumberland County,
the Saco River being the division line, on the south by
Hollis and Waterborough, and on the west by Limerick
and Cornish. The town is well watered by springs and
streams. Horne Pond, in the northeast part, is a body of
clear spring-water, two miles long and one wide, having an
outlet to the south into the Little Ossipee, two miles distant.
Near by are Ward’s and Hopkinson’s Ponds. In the south
are Boyd’s, Round, and six lesser ponds. The surface is
varied and undulating, rising, in the highest points, as
Moody Mountain in the north, Meserve, Veasie, and
Crockett Mountains in the west, and Maloy Mountain in
the south. The portion south of Little Ossipee is mostly
plains. The northern part of the town is quite broken,
with steep hill-sides and narrow valleys.

The chief source of income is from the numerous apple-
orchards. Next in importance is the product of the dairy.
Peaches are raised to some extent, and grapes are fast  be-
coming an important product.

TITLE TO THE LANDS.

A tract of land supposed to be equal to twenty miles
square, and comprising all that tract of territory lying be-
tween the Great and Little Ossipee Rivers, in York County,
was purchased from the sagamore of Newichawannock,
(Berwick), Captain Sunday, by Francis Small, an Indian
trader, November 28, 1668, for two blankets, two pounds

of powder and four pounds of musket-balls, twenty strings |

of beads, and two gallons of rum. The Indian signed the
deed with his ancestral totum,—a turtle. An undivided
half was purchased by Maj. Nicholas Shapleigh, of Kittery,
and April 30, 1711, Francis Small conveyed his interest
to his son, Samuel Small. The title was confirmed by
the Massachusetts commissioners. The original deed was
found in 1770, and the heirs of Small and Shapleigh made
a division of the estate Aug. 5, 1771, and caused it to be sur-
veyed. Elisha Small received as his share lands afterwards
known as Little Ossipee, and which included all of Lim-
ington north of the river of that name. About 2000 acres
south of the Little Ossipee were formerly a part of Little
Falls Plantation. The original Ossipee deed was delivered
by Wingate Frost to William Pillsbury, a present resident
of Limington village, and has since found its way to Vir-
ginia.
EARLY SETTLEMENT.

In 1773, Deacon Amos Chase, from Newbury, Mass., a

previous settler in the town of Buxton, settled near the
51

 

point known as Chase’s Mills, at the mouth of Little Ossi-
pee Riyer. He began to build a mill there the same year.
Jonathan Boothby came in 1774, and commenced clearing
for his farm, camping alone and continuing to improve
his farm until after the war, when he brought his family
and remained. Hzra Davis, Esq., came in 1774 with his
family. In January, 1775, John McArthur moved into
the town, and settled on Bartell Creek, half a mile west of
Limington Centre. He was a native of Perth, Scotland.
Joshua Small, the principal proprietor, moved in and
opened a tannery, which he continued to operate for many
years. This tannery was erected on a branch of Bartell
Brook, on the farm now occupied by H. Small, two miles
west of the mouth of Little Ossipee River.

Elections were held in the meeting-house from its erec-
tion until 1825, when they were held alternately in the
Free-Will Baptist meeting-house, in the south part of the
town. A town-house was erected in 1826 by Arthur
Bragdon on the site of the old pound.

The first marriage recorded in the town books was that
of Nathan Cobb and Mary Sawyer, whose banns were pub-
lished “ July 8, 1792.”

A petition was addressed to the General Court in 1793,
asking for help in the numerous public improvements which
were being made, and Ezra Davis was sent to Boston as
town agent, with an appropriation of 2s. a day for 21 days,
when he returned. Saco River Bridge required a keeper
to prevent damage from the numerous log-drives which
passed under it as early as 1799, and continued to annoy
them, through the Saco River Log-Navigation Company
and otherwise, until after 1830. Thirty-five dollars were
appropriated to supply the magazine with powder in 1805,
and the supply was constantly kept up afterwards, through
frequent indictments by the General Court, until the law
ceased to require it. Ephraim Clark was keeper of the
magazine for many years.

To assist in the care of the poor, in 1820, Dr. Foster,
an old man retired from practice, was supplied with a horse
and $12 worth of medicine.

INCORPORATION.

That portion of the Ossipee tract near Limington, after
its purchase by Mr. Small, acquired the name of Little
Ossipee, and its municipal organization was known as Little
Ossipee Plantation until its incorporation as a town by the
name of Limington, Feb. 8, 1792, with the following
boundaries: Beginning at Saco River, at the northeast
corner of the plantation of Francisborough ; thence run-
ning down said river, as it now runs, to a place where a
river called Little Ossipee flows into said Saco River ; thence
running up said Little Ossipee River to the line of the

401
402 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

town of Limerick; thence north 224 degrees west, five
and one-fourth miles to the northeasterly corner of said
town of Limerick ; thence north 25 degrees east to the
southwest corner of a lot of land containing about 600
acres, formerly granted to Theophilus Bradbury, Esq. ;
thence north to the place of beginning, at Saco River.

Feb. 27, 1798, a tract of land lying south and east of
Little Ossipee River, containing about 2000 acres (mostly
plains), was taken from Little Falls Plantation (now Hollis)
and annexed to Limington.

The first town election was held at the school-house,
Monday, April 2, 1792, under a warrant issued by Amos
Chase. Joshua Small was elected Moderator of the meeting;
Asa Edmonds, Town Clerk; Capt. Robert Boody, Capt.
Nicholas Edgecomb, Samuel Sawyer, Selectmen ;-and the
meeting was adjourned to April 9th, when John Boothby
was elected Treasurer; Jessie Libby, Constable and Col-
lector, with three per cent. for collecting ; Jesse Libby,
Thaddeus Richardson, Capt. Robert Boody, Ebenezer
Trish, Isaac Frost, Capt. Nicholas Edgecomb, Moses Me-
serve, William Johnson, Isaac Strout, Joseph Fogg, Samuel
Larrabee, and Aaron Libby, Surveyors of Highways; Asa
Edmunds, Surveyor of Land; Humphrey McKenney and
Josiah Blake, Fence-Viewers and Field-Drivers; Amos
Chase, Surveyor of Boards; Josiah Black-and William
Johnson, Wardens; Joseph Tyler and Daniel Dyer, Tith-
ingmen; Joshua Small, Leather-Sealer; Dennis Malloy
and Joseph Tyler, Hog-Reeves.

It was voted that hogs should not run at large.

Jonathan Boothby, Benjamin Small, and Amos Chase
were elected a committee to call a minister to preach out
the sum of £15, which the town voted for the support of
the gospel; £12 were voted for town charges, £30 for
schools, and £300 for highways.

At this date the following named were residents and
voters within the town: Jonathan B. Ardway, John Allis,
John Andrews, William Anderson, Joshua Adams, Josiah
Black, Jonathan and David Boothby, Joshua Abram,
Samuel and Reuben Brackett, Richard, James, and Samuel
Berry, Robert Boody, Azariah Boody, Elisha and William
Bragdon, Daniel Bradbury (near the Limerick line), Deacon
Amos Chase, Ephraim and Ebenezer Clark, Nathan and
Ephraim Chick, Andrew and Nathan Cobb, Daniel and
Isaac Dyer, John Douglass, Ezra Davis, Nicholas Davis,
Capt. Nicholas Edgecomb, Nicholas, Jr.,. Robert, and Wil-
liam Edgecomb, Elias Foss, George Foss, Job Foss, John
Foss, Charles Fogg, Joseph Fogg, George Fogg, Daniel
Fogg, Moses Frost, Wingate Frost, Isaac Frost, James
Gilkey, John Greenlaw, Isaac Hurd, Walter Hegan, David
Hasty, Robert Hasty, Daniel Hanscomb, Robert Jackson,
William Johnson, Edward Kennard, Paul and Luther
Lumber (Lombard), Samuel and Isaac Larrabee, Philemon,
Abner, Robert, Joseph, Harvey, Aaron, and Jesse Libby,
Humphrey, James, and Dominicus McKenney, John Me-
Arthur, George and Nathaniel Meserve, Ebenezer and Jo-
seph Morton, Thomas Miller, William and Mark Manson,
Daniel Mitchell, Phineas Milliken, James Marr, Isaac
Marr, Pelatiah Marr, Dennis Maloy, Joseph Meserve, Jon-
athan, John, and David Nason, Abram Parker, Thaddeus,
David, and Elisha Richardson, James Randall, Daniel

 

Ridley, Joseph Rose, Nathaniel, Joshua, Samuel, and Ebe-
nezer Sawyer, John Sutton, John Stone, George Stone,
Daniel Small, Joshua Small, Esq., Joshua Small, Jr.,
John Small, Tsaac Small, Henry Small, Lieut. Daniel
Small, William Small, Jacob Small, Benjamin Small, James
Small, Reuben Small, Samuel Strout, Simeon Strout,
Elisha Strout, Richard Strout, Enoch Strout, William
Strout, Gilbert Strout, John Strout, John Strout, Jr.,
Isaac Strout, Robert and Enoch Staples, Jonathan Spar-
row, Joseph Tyler, Abram Tyler, Obadiah and Ebenezer
Trish, Nathan Wing, William and John Wentworth, Wil-
liam Whitney, William Whitmore, David Young.

CIVIL LIST.
TOWN CLERKS.

Asa Edmunds, 1792; Abner Libby, 1793-1800; John Libby, 1801;
Isaac Mitchell, 1802-8; Ephraim Clark, 1809; Isaac Mitchell,
1810; David Boyd, 1811; Isaac Mitchell, 1812-21; Simeon
Strout, Jr., 1822-25; Isaac Mitchell, 1826-28; James Frost,
1829-37; Samuel M. Bradbury, 1838-41; Benjamin S. Man-
son, 1842-43; James Frost, 1844-47; Moses E. Sweat, 1848;
Joshua W. Frost, 1849; Joshua W. Frost and Newell Moody,
1850; Newell Moody, 1851; Isaac L. Mitchell, 1852-55; Moses
E. Sweat, 1856-60; William G. Lord, 1861; George Small, 1862;
Samuel M. Bradbury, 1863-65; Ezra Miles, Jr., 1866; Isaac L.
Mitchell, 1867; George Moulton, 1868-71; Isaac L. Mitchell,
1872; Wm. G. Lord, 1873; John T. Lord, 1874-75; Caleb P.
Brackett, 1876-77 ; J. F. Moulton, 1878; Sam. M. Bradbury, 1879.

SELECTMEN.

1792.—Capt. Robert Boody, Capt. Nicholas Edgecomb, Sam’! Sawyer.
1793.—Benjamin Small, Jacob Small, Joseph Libby.
1794.—Joseph Libby, Abner Libby, Samuel Sawyer.
1795.—Joseph Libby, Benjamin Small, Abner Libby.
1796.—Abner Libby, Nicholas Edgecomb, Jonathan Boothby.
1797.—Abner Libby, Benjamin Small, Joseph Libby.
1798.—Jacob Clark, Capt. Nicholas Edgecomb, Abner Libby.
1799.—Benjamin Small, Abner Libby, Joseph Libby.
1800.—Jacob Clark, Ephraim Clark, Joseph Moody.
1801.—Joseph Libby, Abner Libby, Ephraim Clark.
1802.—Wingate Frost, Daniel Mann, Joseph Moody.
1803.—Isaaec Mitchell, Wingate Frost, Joseph Moody.
1804.—Isaac Mitchell, Wingate Frost, Walter Hagens.
1805.— Wingate Frost, Walter Hagens, Israel Small.
1806-7.—Walter Hagens, Robert Boody, Isaac Mitchell.
1808.—Walter Hagens, David Boyd, Nathaniel Mitchell.
1809.—Walter Hagens, David Boyd, Abner Chase.
1810-11.—Walter Hagens, David Boyd, Wingate Frost.
1812.—Walter Hagens, Wingate Frost, Nathaniel Clark, Jr.
1813-14.—David Boyd, Walter Hagens, Isaac Mitchell.
1815.—Isaac Mitchell, Jedediah Allen, Nathaniel Clark.
1816-17.—Isanc Mitchell, David Boyd, Nathaniel Clark.
1818.—David Boyd, Nathaniel Clark, Solomon Strout.
1819.—Isaac Mitchell, Solomon Strout, Nathaniel Clark.
1820.--Nathaniel Clark, Solomon Strout, Benjamin Libby.
1821.—Ezekiel Small, Benjamin Libby, Isaac Mitchell.
1822.—Nathaniel Clark, James Frost, David Boyd.
1823.—Nathaniel Clark, James Frost, Benjamin Libby.
1824,—Benjamin Libby, Aaron Hagens, Nathaniel Clark.
1825.—Nathaniel Clark, Benjamin Libby, Humphrey McKenna.
1826.—Aaron Hagens, Nathaniel'Clark, Benjamin Edgecomb.
1827-28.—Nathaniel Clark, Aaron Hagens, Cephas Meeds.
1829.—Nathaniel Clark, Barzillai Small, Solomon Strout.
1830-31.—Nathaniel Clark, Barzillai Small, Col. Solomon Strout.
1832,—Nathaniel Clark, Capt. Hiram Joy, Capt. Benjamin Small.
1833.—Capt. Benjamin Small, Jr., Simeon Strout, Jr., Capt. Reviben
Gilkey.
1834,—Simeon Strout, Jr., Aaron Hagens, Chase Parker.
1835.—Simeon Strout, Jr., Aaron Hagens, Reuben Gilkey.
1836.—Aaron Hagens, Reuben Gilkey, Solomon Strout.
 

ARTHUR McARTHUR.

The subject of this sketch was born at Limington
the 14th day of January, 1790, and was the ninth
of eleven children of John* and Mary (Miller)
McArthur. After a preparatory course at Frye-
burgh Academy he entered Bowdoin College, where
he graduated in 1810. He entered, as a student-at-
law, the office of Cushman, Esq., at Newfield,
but completed his studies with the Hon. Cyrus King,
at Saco, and was admitted to the bar, at Alfred, Jan-
uary, 1815. He first opened an office at Sanford,
but in 1818 returned to his native town, and there
entered upon the practice of his profession, in which
he continued to be actively engaged for over fifty
years.

He was an able lawyer, and for many years had an
extensive practice. He filled a large place in his
town, and in all matters affecting its welfare he took
a keen interest. Largely through his efforts the
academy was established ; he was one of the builders
of the Congregational meeting-house (an individual
enterprise) ; he served with zeal and efficiency in the
school-board, and in every way rendered a strong
support to the educational and religious institutions
of the town.

Fond of antiquarian research, he had collected
much and valuable material for a history of Liming-
ton, which it was a cherished purpose of his to write.
A kind-hearted, generous man, genial, scholarly, and
gifted with rare conversational powers, he interested
all who approached him and attracted their friend-

 

 

* John McArthur was a native of Perth, Scotland, and the
third settler of the town.

 

ship. He was an honest man and true to every ob-
ligation in life. He died sincerely mourned on the
29th day of November, 1874.

He married on the 1st day of September, 1829,
Sarah Prince, daughter of Rey. William Miltimore,
of Falmouth, Me., who at this writing survives him.

Their children were:

1. Arthur McArthur, Jr., born September 15,
1830; graduated at Bowdoin College, 1850; settled
in Louisiana, and at the breaking out of the war
entered the military service of his adopted State;
was killed in battle at Winchester, Va., May, 1862,
being at the time Major of the 6th Louisiana In-
fantry.

2. Gen. William M. McArthur, born July 7,
1832 (see sketch elsewhere).

3. Catharine McArthur, born Jan. 29, 18384;
graduated at Mount Holyoke Female Seminary,
1853; died at Limington Noy. 30, 1864.

4, Duncan McArthur, born April 5, 1837; lost
at sea from on board ship “ A. B. Thompson,” in
North Latitude 48° 38’, West Longitude 11° 20’,
on the return voyage from Havre, France, March 1,
1854.

5. Charles 8. McArthur, born July 9, 1839; en-
tered Bowdoin College, 1859, but did not complete
his collegiate course ; is now a member of the bar of
Cass Co., Mo.

6. Malcolm McArthur, born June 23, 1841; grad-
uated at United States Military Academy, West
Point, N. Y., 1865; is now captain of the 17th
Infantry, United States Army.
WM. M.

Wiiuram M. McArruor, second son of Arthur
and Sarah P. McArthur, was born at Liming-
ton July 7, 1832; graduated at Bowdoin Col-
lege in 1853; admitted to the bar at the May
term of the Supreme Judicial Court, at Alfred, in

1860. He entered the military service of the

McARTHUR.

torious services during the war,” which he de-

clined; again brevetted brigadier-general to date

from March 13, 1865, “for gallant and meritorious
conduct in the battle of Drury’s Bluff, May 16,
1864, and in the action of Williamsburg road,
Oct. 27, 1864.”

 

United States Sept. 7, 1861, as captain in the
8th Maine Volunteers, in which regiment he con-
tinuously served in the successive grades of major,
lieutenant-colonel, and colonel, until mustered out,
Jan. 18, 1866; was severely wounded before Peters-
burg, Va., June 18, 1864; brevetted brigadier-gen-
eral to date from March 18, 1865, for “ meri-

 

 

In the Legislature of 1867 he was member for
Limington and Limerick of the House of Repre-
sentatives; in 1868 was delegate to the national
convention at Chicago which nominated Grant and
Colfax; and in 1869 was member of the State
Senate for York County. He was never in the

active practice of law. He is a farmer.
TOWN OF LIMINGTON. 403

 

1837.—Aaron Hagens, George A. Lord, John Purinton.
1838.—James Frost, George S Lord, John Purinton.

1852,—George 8. Lord, Timothy Brackett.

1862,—Pelatiah Carll, Robert H. Kimball, Henry C. Moore.
1863.—Robert H. Kimball, Henry C. Moore, James W. Joy.
1864.—Robert H. Kimball, Henry Wentworth, Cyrus Small.
1865.—Henry Wentworth, Cyrus Small, Gardner R. Morton.
1866.—George 8. Lord, James W. Joy, Freeman Strout.
1867.—Freeman McKenney, Edward B. Randall, Josiah E. Chase.
1868.—James W. Joy, William P. Marr, John O. Anderson,
1869.—William P. Marr, John 0. Anderson, Smith L. Sawyer.
1870.—Freeman McKenney, George Bragdon, John O. Anderson.
1871.—Freeman McKenney, George Bragdon, Charles Edgecomb.
1872.—Stephen L. Purinton, Andrew J. Hurd, Frederick C. Dimock.
1873.—Freeman McKenney, Gardiner R. Morton, John 0. Anderson.
1874.—Stephen L. Purinton, Luther Whitney, William G@. Lord.
1875.—Stephen W. Hobson, Luther Whitney, Charles A. Anderson.
1876-77.—Stephen W. Hobson, Charles A. Anderson, Abram Cousens.
1878.—Stephen W. Hobson, Frank P. Stone, James I. Larrabee.
1879.—George Bragden, John Hill, Charles Edgcomb.

WATER-POWERS.

In available water-powers Limington ranks among the
most highly favored in the State. Though abundant power
is afforded by the various streams which traverse and sur-
round its lands, they have, as yet, been but little used.
Among the principal falls are Nason’s Falls, on the Little
Ossipee, in the southeast part of the town, having a descent
of seventy-five feet in a distance of eighty rods. The river
is here one hundred and seventy feet in width, flowing
through lands especially adapted to the location of manu-
factories, and abounding in excellent granite, suitable for
building, which is easily removed from the bed of the river
at almost any point. This power is regarded by experts as
one of the best in the county. It is occupied by a stave-,
shingle-, and grist-mill. Three miles below, Chase’s Falls
descend thirty-five feet, through a channel one hundred and
sixty feet wide, within a distance of forty rods. This, the
site of the first mill in the town, is occupied by a saw-mill,
box- and shingle-mills.

At the northeast corner of Limington, Steep Falls, four
miles below the “ Rips,” on Saco River, have a fall of forty
feet in three-quarters of a mile. The river at this point is
one hundred and fifty feet wide and ten feet deep, equal to
2180 horse-power, or 87,200 spindles for eleven hours a
day. Near Steep Falls, Union Falls descend twenty-six feet
in eighty rods, affording a continuous power of 650 horse.
The river is here two hundred feet wide. A mile below, at
Limington Falls, its width increases to two hundred and
fifty feet, and it takes a further descent of sixty-five feet in
one-third of a mile. At this point there are a box-machine,
a saw-mill, and ashingle-mill. This fall is estimated at 3540
horse-power, equal to 141,600 spindles for eleven hours.
The greater portion of this fall can easily be controlled, the
lay of the land and bottom of the banks being favorable for
building. On Small’s Pond, at the outlet of Horn Pond,
a good power is improved by saw- and grist-mills, upon
Salmon Brook by a tannery and grist-mill, and an excellent
power at Kellock Pond by a saw-mill, shingle-mill, and the
manufactory of clapboards.

By a vote of the town all manufactories have been ex-
empted from taxation for ten years from their completion,
provided the cost of their buildings and machinery amounts

to $6000.

 

VILLAGES AND HAMLETS.

LIMINGTON CORNER.

Limington Corner, near the centre of the town, is situated
about twenty-four miles west of Portland, twenty miles
north from Saco, and five miles from the Ogdensburg Rail-
road at Steep Falls, with which places there is daily com-
munication by stage. It is finely locatéd on a point of land
extending into a broad valley, surrounded by broken farming-
lands to the west and timber-lands to the east. The streets
are broad, unfenced, and beautifully shaded by tall elms and
maples. There are here the Limington Academy, Masonic
building, church, 34 dwellings, and the following business
houses :

Clothing manufactories: William Dimock & Son, estab-
lished in 1877, employs 15 to 20 operatives in the shop;
8S. T. Bickford, established in 1876, 4 to 8 shop operatives.

General stores: S. T. Bickford, established in 1876, in
the Masonic building, opened by James McArthur in 1824;
William Dimock & Son, since 1864, established by Eleazer
McKinney in 1827.

Tannery: QO. P. Allen, since 1864, established by Abram
Winslow in 1832, steam-power added in 1868. A pottery
occupied the same ground previous to 1832.

Harness: E. I. Larrabee, established in 1840; John T.
Lord, established in 1875.

Blacksmith: I. Wentworth.

Carriages: Milo J. Cutler.

Physicians: S. M. Bradbury, John F. Morton.

Attorney-at-law: Hon. William M. McArthur.

Postmaster: John T. Lord; mails daily by stage wia
Steep Falls to Nason’s Falls. /

SOUTH LIMINGTON.

South Limington contains 5 dwellings, Joseph Davis’
grist-mill, A. ©. Moulton’s carriage-shops, established in
1866; general store, Walker & Hobson, established in
1872; blacksmithing and wagons, established in 1860;
custom shoes, Orrin De Shon, established in 1879. The
post-office was opened in 1875; mails daily; F. A. Hob-
son, postmaster.

NASON’S MILLS.

The main falls on the Little Ossipee River were early
known as Nason’s Falls, from the first settlers at this point,
—Jonathan and David Nason. The falls were early occu-
pied by a saw-mill, and afterwards by a grist-mill, which,
after an existence of over fifty years, was burned in 1867.
There are here a saw-mill, shingle- and stave-mill, a store
owned by A. H. Watson since 1861, and 16 dwellings.
Mails are daily; A. H. Watson, postmaster.

EAST LIMINGTON.

East Limington, at the mouth of the Little Ossipee, is
the place of first settlement, and the site of Deacon Amos
Chase’s mill, erected in 1773. There are here 20 dwell-
ings, a church, school-house, the store of George E. Mackie,
established by Henry Small as early as 1810, in connection
with a tavern which he kept open for forty years, and the
following manufactories :
404 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

Staves and lumber: John Chase, established in 1773;
Webster Bros., on Horn Pond Brook, established in 1860.

Boxes and heading: Leroy Mayo, established by John
Sawyer and Joel Burnham in 1825 at Limington Falls.

Shingle-mill: Weeman & Higgins, established by Charles
Chick in 1854.

Mails daily by Gorham stage; George M. Small, post-
master. -

SMALL’S MILLS.

Small’s Mills, a mile and a half north, contains 14
dwellings.

Carriage-manufactory and blacksmith-shop: James Nason,
established in 1805.

Carriages: Silas Hubbard, established in 1871.

Shooks: Webster Bros., established in 1867.

Saw- and grist-mill: Edmund Black, operated by him
since 1879, erected about 1806.

The South Limington post-office was moved here on the
appointment of John Hubbard postmaster in 1878.

NORTH LIMINGTON.

North Limington is a clearing including a cluster of
8 farm-houses, and one of which was formerly a hotel, but
was closed on the opening of the Portland and Ogdensburg
Railway and transfer of stage travel to that route. There
was a store opened here by Zenas Elliott during the early
settlement, and transferred to John Seavey, the present
proprietor, in 1845. A new Baptist church, on the site of
the old one destroyed by lightning in 1871, is nearly com-
pleted.

STEEP FALLS.

Steep Falls has, on this side of the river, 12 dwellings,
the frame-, moulding-, and box-works of 8. W. Wood, estab-
lished 1868, and Cousens & Banks’ sash-and-blinds manu-
factory. This has long been a lumbering centre, and was
from 1800 to 1830 a place of much energy. With the
exhaustion of the forests, this, like many other villages and
hamlets along the rivers and streams, lost its main source
of support. A large amount of small timber, since grown,
is cut by farmers from their timbered lands and sold to
be made into boxes, shooks, and various small articles of

woodwork.
CHURCHES.

THE CONGREGATIONAL CHURCH.

This church was organized Oct. 11, 1789, by Francis
Small, Isaac Robinson, Amos Chase, Jonathan Boothby,
Daniel Dyer, and Asa Edmunds. Fifteen pounds were
voted for the support of the gospel in 1792 at the first election
by the town, and a committee appointed to have it “ preached
out.”” At a meeting held in September for that purpose
£15 additional were voted; and it was also voted that Mr.
Gregg continue to preach out all the moneys raised for that
purpose. In November it was voted to give Mr. William
Gregg a call to settle, and £125 lawful money settled upon
him, besides an annual salary of £80 for his support
during his ministry. Meetings were first held at a school-
house in Limington village. A meeting-house was begun
in 1793 on the site of the present one in Limington vil-
lage. A petition of Joshua Small, Elias Foss, John Me-
Arthur, Amos Chase, Daniel Dyer, Humphrey McKenney,

 

and others, asking the settlement of Jonathan Atkinson,
was granted, and he was ordained in the new church, and
became the settled pastor Oct. 15, 1794. Amos Chase
and Daniel Dyer, the first deacons, were chosen Jan. 17,
1795. The meeting-house was enlarged and rebuilt in
1835. Rev. Caleb F. Page succeeded Rev. Mr. Atkinson
in July, 1823, and remained until 1848, when I. H. Gar-
man became pastor. Revs. John Pierson, Albion H. John-
son, and 8. W. Pierson were pastors to October, 1872, and
Rev. Reuben D. Osgood from November, 1872, to April
30, 1879. William G. Lord and Joshua Small were made
deacons in 1875; Joshua 8. Boothby is also deacon;
church clerk, Leonard J. Strout. Membership, 108.

FREE-WILL BAPTIST CHURCH.

The earliest record of the Free-Will Baptist Church is
given in the town records, where John Stone, Isaac Ward,
Asa Hubbard, and Dominicus McKenney recorded their
being members of the Parsonsfield Church, Feb. 7, 1795,
in order to be released from ministerial tax in their own
town. In 1798, John Stone became a member of the
General Provisional Anti-Pedobaptist Church, under EI-
ders John Buzzell and Pelatiah Tingley. From 1804 to
1810 a large number of persons polled off to join the Par-
sonsfield Free-Will Baptist Church. The First Church was
organized under the preaching of Elder Bullock, and so
prospered that it became necessary, as early as 1814, to
divide it into three separate branches in different parts of
the town. These had an aggregate membership of 248 in
1823; 68 belonged to the North Church alone in 1814.
Through differences of opinion arising in 1833, the First
Church declared itself independent of the Parsonsfield
Quarterly Meeting, to which it had previously belonged,
Feb. 5, 1835, and continued to maintain the simple faith
and creed to which it had always adhered. The Liming-
ton Quarterly Conference was soon after formed, and this
church became a part. Their first meeting-house was
built about 1810. The present one was built in 1852-53.
The ministers have been Christopher Bullock, John Ste-
vens, Jeremiah Bullock, Charles Bean, Joseph Storer, Silas
Moulton, and Henry Wentworth, since 1858.

Deacons: Ezra Davis, Jr., Andrew Cobb, and John
Manson, ordained June 5, 1816; Samuel Boothby, 1830 ;
Allen Hubbard and Nelson Strout, to 1872. Present:
Albert Weeman and Andrew J. Strout, ordained 1875.
Church Clerk, Freeman Strout. Membership in 1879, 147.

NORTH LIMINGTON FREE-WILL BAPTIST CHURCH
was organized by a council, which met at the house of John
Lord, Jan. 28, 1831, and completed its work at an adjourned
meeting, March 3d, of that year, at the North meeting-
house. The Baptist meeting-house was held by this society,
and used some time after the church ceased to exist, but was
in bad repair, and was allowed to rot down some years ago.
There were 42 members, who organized by letter from the
old First Church. Among them were John Stevens, George
and Stephen Meserve, Joshua McKenney, Mary Boothby,
John Lord, Humphrey McKenney, and Theodore Stevens.
North, east, and west branches were formed about this
time in the different parts of the town. Ebenezer Cobb was
TOWN OF LIMINGTON. 405

 

chosen deacon and treasurer, and Humphrey McKenney
clerk. He was succeeded by George Lord, and in 1835
by Stephen Meserve, who remained clerk until the disband-
ment of the church by letter to other churches, in 1848.
William Merrill was deacon in this church, and with Elder
S. Rand and 50 others took letters in September, 1842, and
joined in forming the Free-Will Baptist Church at Cornish.
The last record says,—

“ Oct. 30, 1848,
“Met according to ’Pointment capacity. Chose Bro. Frost Gup-
till moderator. Voted to give each brother and sister a letter to unite
with some other church. Voted to disband this church. Voted to
dissolve this meeting. Prayer by brother Boynton. Parted in good
union. SrenHeN Meserve, Clerk.”

THIRD FREE-WILL BAPTIST CHURCH,

now the Second, was formed by Elder John Stevens and
members of the First Church who lived in South Limington,
Jan. 16 and 17, 1833, because, the record says, “‘ they were
so scattered over the country that the members could not
become acquainted with each other,” and “ they could not
meet together, as they ought, once a month.” Among the
first members were Andrew Cobb, Hiram Staple, Isaac
Brackett, David Staple, Stephen Merrill, Jr., Josiah Emery,
Charles Bean, Jr., David and Elsa Watson, Stephen Gup-
till, John and Sarah Davis. Some of the members lived in
what is now Limerick. Isaac Bracket was elected clerk,
and Deacon Ebenezer Cobb was transferred from the North
Church, and “lent to them till such time as they could
make choice of a deacon.” He afterwards became a perma-
nent member. Jesse Hopkinson and wife joined this church
in 1834, Elder Charles Bean became pastor in that year.

During 1834 the temperance question assumed importance.
A part of the churches, under Elder Charles Bean and Elder

. John Stevens, espoused the temperance cause, while Elder
Bullock and the other pastors opposed their action. This
resulted ina division, which was accelerated by the mission
question, which Elder Bullock considered as an unprofit-
able enterprise as conducted.

The . First Church became known as the “ Bullock”
Church, and adopted the one version of the new questions,
while the Second and Third Churches, becoming the First
and Second, adopted the other, espousing the temperance
and missionary causes.

Samuel Edgerly was made deacon of the old Third Church
in 1837, and served nearly thirty years. He was a lead-
ing member during his connection. Elder John Stevens
was succeeded by Elder Bean in 1837, and in 1840 by
Rev. Benjamin S. Munson, who remained six years. The
present church at South Limington was built during his
pastorate, and dedicated in 1841. Elder Theodore Stevens
became pastor in 1847, and was succeeded by Revs. Uriah
Chase, Zachariah Jordon, Jeremiah Hayden, D. A. Mad-
dox, G. W. Howe, O. S. Hasty, and the present pastor, B.
S. Moody, in 1879. Isaac Brackett was clerk to 1838.
Present clerk, James M. Hopkinson.

FRIENDS.

Among the first of the Society of Friends in Limington
were Samuel Brackett, Jedediah Allen, Wingate Frost,
Nicholas Cobb, and Simeon Strout, who were residents of

 

the town previous to 1792. Joseph Boody, who came be-
tween 1805 and 1810, was the first elder. Jacob Clark and
Stephen Purinton were also elders. A meeting-house was
built by Samuel Brackett about the time Elder Moody came.
This building was rebuilt, and reduced in size in 1858, and
is still used for regular worship. The members are con-
nected with the mouthly meeting, which alternates between
Limington and Parsonsfield, and is a part of the Falmouth
quarterly meeting. Limington was formed first as a part
of the Windham Monthly Meeting. There are now but
few families in the town connected with the Friends. Of
these are the families of Joshua Cobb, Edwin Allen, Wil-
liam Pillsbury, Abram Winslow, Oliver Allen, and J. Mars-
ton. Clerk of Monthly Meeting, Silas H. Cartland, of East
Parsonsfield.
BAPTIST CHURCH.

A petition to the selectmen of the town, March 26, 1804,
signed by twenty-eight names, asks that they be permitted
to use their portion of the tax for the support of their own
public teacher, Elder Stephen Webber, for the year ensuing.
Among the names are those of Daniel Sawyer, John Small,
Nathan Chick, Enoch Nason, George Pheenix, James Lord,
William Wentworth, and Frethe Spencer. A petition
signed by fifty-five persons was presented to the General
Court of Massachusetts the same year. This petition was
opposed by a town committee, who were sent to Boston for
that purpose, but failed to prevent the organization of the
church. This committee was composed of Ab. Libby, Isaac
Mitchell, Ephraim Clark, George Fogg, and Joseph Moody,
of the Congregationalist Church. The first meeting-house
was built at North Limington, and used by the whole church
until 1871, when it was struck by lightning, and so injured
that it was taken down soon after. The question of locating
the new building resulted in a division of the society and the
erection of a house of worship at East Limington in 1872.
A second house was begun on the old site at North Liming-
ton in 1876, and is now being completed. Another portion,
known as the “ Old First Church,” of which Ezekiel Small
is deacon and Silas Small is clerk, hold meetings at Lim-
ington Centre, but have no house of worship. Rev. John
Seavey was pastor from his ordination, Nov. 20, 1816, until
his death, in 1844. Rev. Nathaniel Whittemore has been
pastor of the East Church since 1871. Clerk, Dr. Samuel
M. Bradbury; Deacon, Oscar Small.

BURIAL-GROUNDS.

The buriai-ground at North Limington is finely laid out
with shrubbery, balsam, cedar, and pine, shading its acre of
ancient graves. There are here the graves of many early
settlers, among which may be read the names of Joseph
Shackleford, died 1841, aged sixty-six; Capt. James Small,
one of the first proprietors and earliest: settlers, born 1734,
died 1812; Rev. John Seavey, ordained pastor of the
Calvin Baptist Church Nov. 20, 1816, died Sept. 2, 1844;
Isaac Marr, a pioneer who died in 1847, aged eighty;
William Allen, died 1866, aged seventy-six. The ground
is well kept, and contains many names closely connected
with the history of the town.

In the south, near the Baptist church, an old burying-
ground contains the Foss, Hobson, Sedgley, Cole, Strout,
406 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

and Deshon family dead. Among the earliest names may
be mentioned those of Stephen Purinton, who died in 1838,
aged eighty-nine, and Simeon Strout, died 1838, aged
seventy-three. There are here many unmarked graves,
which were early filled, and the names of their occupants
long since forgotten.

The chief burying-place has been at the village, where
there is a fine ground of some three acres, well kept, and
containing some fine monuments. The people of the vil-
lage point out with pride the honored graves of John McAr-
thur, the third settler; Rev. Jonathan Atkinson, the first
settled minister; and others connected with the earliest
events of the town. There are here the graves of Isaac
Mitchell; Samuel Larrabee, an early settler, who died in
1836, at the age of eighty-one; Joseph Moody, who came
in 1796, and died in 1809; William Small, who died at
the age of seventy-six, in 1835; and Abner Libby, a promi-
nent and respected citizen until his death, in 1843, at the
age of seventy-nine years.

SCHOOLS AND ACADEMIES.

The first election was called to be held in “the school-
house,” which was the only one in town, in 1792, and
an appropriation of £30 was voted for “the town school.”
The next year 7 school districts were formed. In 1799
each school was to keep “ open doors,” and the Friends’
district were allowed to use their school money as they saw
fit, provided they admitted any scholar who chose to come.
The number of districts had increased to 12, supported by
an appropriation of $800, annually, in 1815. There were
$1350 raised for the support of schools in 1878.

Among the teachers have been the following, who are
the best remembered as good teachers: Rev. Jonathan At-
kinson, Rev. David Boyd, Hon. Samuel Tappan, Isaac
Mitchell, Arthur McArthur, E'sq., James Frost, Shadrach
Boothby, Rev. Wescott Bullock, Thomas Gilpatrick, Rich-
ard Meserve, M.D., all of whom may be said to have had
a hand in founding the academy, for each in his way im-
parted a desire for greater privileges by teaching, and insist-
ing on a proper improvement of those already granted.

Commissioners were abolished by the Greenback party in
1879, and George Bragdon was elected supervisor of schools.

LIMINGTON ACADEMY.

Limington Academy took its rise from and grew out of
the wants of the immediate neighborhood. It was incor-
porated in 1848, and located at Limington Corner, the chief
village of the town. The academy owes its act of incorpo-
ration to the labor of Arthur and James McArthur, Rev.
J. H. Garmon, Dr. Samuel M. Bradbury, Gideon L. Moody,
and Isaac L. Mitchell, who were desirous of rendering per-
manent the periodical high school, which from time to
time became necessary in order to extend the advantages of
the common schools.

It went into operation in the spring of 1851, under the
instruction of J. M. Eveleth, A.M. It has had for its in-
structors since, W.G. Lord, A.M., James W. Emery, A.M.,
Isaac D. Balch, A.M., James MePerkins, Frank A. Hill,
A.M., Albion H. Burbank, A.M., Nathan P. Potter, Mel-

 

ville Hill, A.M. The school for this period has well satis-
fied the expectation of its friends and founders.

Since 1870 it has been conducted as an academy and
free high school, mostly under the management of William
G. Lord, A.M., a native of Limerick, possessed of high
natural ability as an instructor. J. H. Pillsbury, M. W.
Towne, and F. H. Crockett have each occupied one term.
The present board are, Dr. 8. M. Bradbury, President; L.
J. Strout, Secretary. Capacity, about 80.

Although started particularly to meet the wants of the
immediate vicinity, such has been its prosperity that it has
called into its patronage students not only from the neigh-
boring towns, but many from abroad, and it can now reckon

* among those who have been its supporters some of the

best and most successful teachers and business men in the
country.

PROFESSIONAL.
PHYSICIANS.

The physicians have been Henry Dunock, M.D., a grad-
uate of Hanover, N. H., College, who came from Durham
in 1800 and commenced practice at Limington village,
where he remained until his death, in 1852.

Richard Meserve, who was practicing here in 1848,
Ward Bassett, Drs. Jordan and Whitney and Dr. Thomas
Foster, an old man of dissolute habits, but great natural
ability, were early located here.

Samuel M. Bradbury, M.D., son of Dr. James Bradbury,
of Parsonsfield, graduated at Brunswick in 1831, practiced
medicine with his father for two years, and then began his
present practice at Limington Corner. .

John Moulton, M.D., of Parsonsfield, commenced prac-
tice at Limington in 1877.

LAWYERS.

Hon. Arthur McArthur, a graduate of Bowdoin in 1810,
commenced practice in Sanford, and in 1818 moved to
Limington, his native town, where he continued to his
death. His son, William M. McArthur, also a graduate of
Bowdoin College, succeeded to his practice, which he relin-
quished only to take up arms in defense of his country
during the Rebellion, receiving a brigadier-general’s com-
mission, and returning to his practice at the close of the
war.

C. P. Brackett commenced to practice law at Limington
village in 1877.

PROMINENT MEN.

Among the more honored citizens have been Deacon
Amos Chase, the first settler, one of the six who constituted
the first church in town, an energetic business man, highly
respected by all.

Joshua Small, Esq., the resident proprietor, to whose
efforts was due the early prosperity of the settlement.

David Boyd, for many years selectman, town clerk, and
representative to the General Court of Massachusetts for
several terms.

Jedediah Allen was a prominent man of Limington
village.

Gen. William M. McArthur, Leonard J. Strout, Stephen
TOWN OF ELIOT. 407

 

Hobson, Abram Winslow, William G. Lord, and J. M.
Higgktucatl aré among the present prominent men of the
town.

MILITARY.

WAR OF 1812.

Thirty-five dollars were voted to replenish the town stock
of powder in 1805.

WAR OF THE REBELLION.

In the war of 1861-65 the town furnished 73 soldiers
for three years, 53 for one year, and 27 for nine months.
In many cases those who enlisted for the shorter terms in
the early part of the war re-entered the service, and, if not
killed or disabled, remained until the end of the war.
Forty-seven enlisted before July 4, 1862. Fifty-one thou-
sand one hundred and fifty dollars were expended in pay-
ment of the war expenses of the town consequent upon the
various calls for troops.

 

REPRESENTATIVES IN THE GENERAL COURT.

Daniel Mann, 1802 ;* none, 1804-5; James Keettell,
1806-7; none, 1808; David Boyd, 1809; David Boyd,
Walter Hagens, 1810-13 ; none, 1815-19; Nathaniel Clark,
1820.

ASSOCIATIONS.
INDEPENDENT ORDER OF GOOD TEMPLARS.

Western Star Lodge, No. 135, was organized Jan. 17,
1878. The first officers were George W. Small, W.C. T.;
Mrs. M. A. Calkins, W. V. T.; George D. Lane, W. Sec. ;
Lizzie F. Clark, W. F. Sec.; Joshua Boothby, W. Treas. ;
Fred. W. Plaisted, W. M.; William H. Danielson,
P. W. C. T.

The officers in November, 1879, were Fred. W. Plaisted,
W. C. T.; Mary Christy, W. V. T.; James F. Pillsbury,
W. Chaplain; George D. Lord, W. Sec.; Nellie C. Wal-
dron, W. F. Sec.; John Black, W. Treas.; John T.
Plaisted, W. M.; William H. Danielson, P. W. C. T.

 

HLIOT.

 

GENERAL DESCRIPTION.

THE town of Eliot is in the southern extreme of York
County, bordering on the Piscataqua River, by which it is
separated from the State of New Hampshire. Its north
line was the old line between the parish of Berwick and
ancient Kittery. The town was the northern half of Kit-
tery until 1810, when it became a separate town, under the
name of Eliot.

It is bounded on the north by South Berwick, on the
east by York, on the south by Kittery, and on the west by
the Piscataqua River, which separates it from Strafford Co.,
N. H.

The Portland, Saco and Portsmouth Railroad (now the
Eastern) passes nearly through the centre of the town from
north to south. A depot near the head of Sturgeon Creek
accommodates the shipping and traveling interests in that
section, while the southern and western parts find their
nearest stations at Kittery and Portsmouth.

It contains an area of 8600 acres, about one-half of
which is improved and productive.

The surface is generally level, gently sloping to the
river. In the interior a bog or swamp of 1200 acres ex-
ists, while in the east and northeast the surface is quite
hilly. The most prominent hills are Frost’s, Third or Bart-
lett’s, and Raitt’s. In the extreme northeast corner of the
town is York Pond, from which flows the western branch
of the York River.

The soil is light and productive, producing corn, hay,
vegetables, and potatoes. Apples are receiving much atten-

 

tion, and have become an important product. Hay is sold
in large quantities.

The Piscataqua River has two arms or creeks,—Quam-
phegan in the southwest, which with the river forms a pen-
insula called the “ Neck,” and Sturgeon Creek. The river
is navigable the whole length of the town, while the Co-
checo comes in about midway, opening a water communica-
tion to Dover. The Eliot bank is thickly settled from the
Neck three or more miles north, and pleasant cottages,
blooming gardens, and fruitful orchards abound.

There is a tide-power at Sturgeon Creek, which was used
in early times. In the eastern part the west branch of
York River gives several small mill-privileges, which are
improved by one grist- and two saw-mills.

EARLY SETTLEMENT.

One of the earliest settlers of whom we have any definite
account was Nicholas Frost, who came here about 1636,
and settled at Sturgeon Creek, where he died July 20,
1663, aged seventy-four.

William Frost received a grant of 13 acres of land on
“ Crooked Lane,” in 1659.

July 25, 1643, Thomas Gorges granted to Edward
Small 100 acres of land “ between the two creeks and ex-
tending to Sturgeon Creek.” At this time Mr. Small was
living on this land, and had thereon a house and some
other improvements.

 

* Blected April 24th by vote of 23; dismissed May 10th, by “ recon-
sidering” vote of 70.
408 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

The Hill family were early settlers. Joseph Hill is sup-
posed to have come into town about 1670 or 1680. From
what place he came has not been ascertained, but it is pre-
sumed all of that name in town descended from. him. Sam-
uel is thought to have been his son, to have been born about
1680, and died about 1745. He was one of the original
members of the Congregational Church in 1721. His son,
Nelson Hill, was born in 1755, served several years as a
soldier in the Revolution, married a Miss Abbot, and settled
in Sanford. Samuel Hill, another son, born 1763, served in
the navy from 1779 to 1780 on board the ship “ Ranger”
till her capture.

Anthony Emery came to Eliot before 1652, as he was
one of the selectmen for that year, and from the records it
is learned the town granted him a traet of 100 acres of
land in 1650,

Stephen Toby, who was born about 1664, bought a tract
of land, in company with David Libby, Matthew and Dan-
iel Fogg, and Joseph Hammond, between Frank’s and
Watt's Forts, on the river, about 1695 or 1696. It was
called bog-land, and ran back to Marsh Hill. In the di-
vision he took the southeast lot, and carried on ship-building
at Mast Cove. He died about 1750. By intermarriage
the family early became connected with the Hills, Pauls,
Fernalds, Hammonds, Spinneys, Shapleighs, and Foges, all
respectable and early settlers.

James Toby, son of Thomas, settled about 1675. He
received a town-grant in 1687, near Frank’s Fort; he was
killed by the Indians in Kittery woods in 1705.

One of the early settlers was Daniel Fogg, a blacksmith,
who at first settled at Scarborough, but when that settle-
ment was broken up by the Indians in 1690, he removed
to Portsmouth, and about 1700 he purchased a farm ad-
joining the river, between Frank’s and Watt’s Forts, a por-
tion of which is still in the possession of his descendants.
He resided here till his death, in 1755, at the age of
ninety-five. He had nine children. One daughter married
John Rogers; another, William Brooks; and another,
Thomas Hanscom ; all leaving a numerous posterity. James
Fogg, the only son that settled in the town, married Eliza-
beth Fernald, of Kittery, and lived on his father’s farm, in
a house built by his brother Daniel. He died in 1787,
aged eighty-three.

John Leighton, who owned a large landed property in
Eliot, built a house there in 1690, and became a prominent
man in that part of the old town. He was for several years
sheriff of old York County.

Joseph Fogg, a son of James, was born in 1745; married
Mary Littlefield, of Wells, in 1771; settled in Berwick,
where he died suddenly in 1807, aged sixty-two.

James Fogg, born 1781, married Olive Hodgdon, lived
at his father’s in Berwick; died 1817, leaving one daugh-
ter. Isaac, born 1783, married Susannah Hayes, of Ber-
wick ; settled in Limerick, and died there, leaving several
children. Joseph, born 1772, married Phebe Hayes, of
Berwick, and settled near his father's farm. He was a
farmer and house-carpenter. He died 1827.

John Heard was an early settler and noted in his day ;
by marriage his family became connected with the Bartletts,
a highly respected family. Nathan Bartlett came into town

 

about 1713, with a brother; they were tanners; one settled
near the depot, and the other upon the hill known as Third
or Bartlett’s; they had grants from the town; a deed to
Nathan is dated 1725 ; another, signed by Mary Pepperell,
is dated 1762. John Heard Bartlett was a graduate of
Harvard in class of 1747, and was a noted school-teacher
of the period and several years clerk of Judicial Court;
he was a man of energy and much feared by the Indians,
whom on several occasions he circumvented. Daniel was
father of the present Col. G. C. Bartlett, and was an enter-
prising farmer ; his descendants occupy the original grants.

James Fogg, son of James, was born 1731, and married
Anne Remick, 1756. The incident that led to their ac-
quaintance has the charm of romance. Passing up the
river in a boat one moonlit summer evening, his attention
was arrested by sweet voices from the bank as he glided by
Eliot Neck. A group of young ladies were serenading voy-
agers on the river, and the tones of one particular voice -
riveted his attention, and caused a desire to know the pos-
sessor of it. Inquiry led to an acquaintance, and intimacy
ripened to an attachment, which resulted in a marriage with
Miss Remick, whose residence was near the margin of the
river, on the Neck. She is said to have been as attractive
in person as in song, and remarkable in mature years for
discretion, economy, and benevolence, fulfilling the vari-
ous duties of wife and mother with marked judgment and
sweetness. They settled in Berwick, where they joined
the church in 1781. She died in 1783.

The history of Kittery is also to some extent a history
of Eliot, giving detailed accounts of the stirring scenes
which occurred within its limits when all was Kittery to
the Lebanon line.

The first settlers were allowed to take up as much land
as they could fence, by paying 2s. or 23s. per acre for one
hundred years. Under this permission Nicholas Frost took
up 400 acres.

A convention was held at the house of Levi Rogers, in
Eliot, in January, 1797, to consider the removal of the
Supreme Judicial Court. Many of the earlier public meet-
ings of old Kittery were held in what is now Eliot.

A town farm for the maintenance of the poor was pro-
vided by vote of the town in 1815, and $174 appropriated
for a grammar school.

In 1819 the town passed a vote of 122 to 20 against
separation from Massachusetts.

During the Rebellion of 1861-65 the town provided
for its quota of men, paying on an average $400 bounty ;
the war debt incurred has been paid.

VILLAGES AND HAMLETS.

The town, which is only about five miles in length, con-
tains no village, and but one railroad station and two post-
offices. All its trade goes to the busy marts of the sur-
rounding towns.

SOUTH ELIOT.

South Eliot, the chief settlement, is a beautiful hamlet
on high, smooth land, just sufficiently broken to give
beauty to the landscape, extending from near the old Con-
gregationalist church, academy, and town-hall, three miles
southward, to Kittery Point, where it is most thickly settled,
SYLVESTER BARTLETT,

eldest son of Nathan and
Mehitabel (Emery) Bart-
lett, was born in the town
of Eliot, York Co., Me.,
July 4, 1822. His father
was a son of Nathan, who
was a son of Nathan who
came from Newbury, now
Newburyport, Mass., and
settled in Eliot between the
years 1650 and 1660.
Nathan Bartlett, the first
settler of the family in
Eliot, married a daughter
of John Hurd, who was

one of the first settlers of

that town, a man noted for
his bravery and courage in
his adventures with the
Indians. The farm origin-
ally settled by him is now
occupied by Sylvester Bart-
lett, subject of this notice.
The Bartlett family have
been connected favorably

 

SYLVESTER BARTLETT.

with the best interests of
Eliot, and have held many
positions of trust and honor,
and although many of them
have been liberally educated,
Sylvester received only a
common-school education.
His father being engaged
in agricultural pursuits he
early turned his attention
to that business, which, in
connection with butchering,
has been his life business.
For the past sixteen years
he has been interested in
shipping with Boston par-
ties. He married, Dec. 30,
1855, Clementine, daugh-
ter of John and Betsey
(Ferguson) Raitt, of Eliot,
where she was born May
10, 1830. Their children
are Elizabeth M., born Sept.
21, 1859; C. Edward, born
Jan. 19, 1863; Ralph S.,
born April 29, 1868 ; Rolla,
born Sept. 2, 1869.

 

 

See

is
fi

 

 
TOWN OF ELIOT.

409

 

in two parallel streets, half a mile apart. The western
street terminates on the Point, which is an oval body of
land projecting nearly a mile southward into the Piscataqua
River, and containing about 240 acres of land. Near the
meeting-house are the store of S. Liedman, smith-shops
of Albert Shapleigh and Melville Dixon, and George HE.
Treland, dealer in meats, provisions, and general produce ;
Thomas F. Staples, John Nelson, general stores; Howard
Staples, hardware, at the south end. Postmaster, Thomas
F. Staples; mails daily from Eliot Station.

ELIOT.

Eliot, a station on the Portland, Saco and Portsmouth
Railroad, near the centre of the town, is surrounded by a
more broken farming country, and contains, besides the
depot and half a dozen dwellings, the stores of William
Robinson, Jasper Shapleigh carriage-shop near by, and the
post-office in the depot. C. A. Hayden is station-agent
and postmaster. ,

PLACES OF HISTORIC INTEREST.

Garrison-houses were erected by the inhabitants for pro-
tection against the Indians; of the best preserved, if not
the only ones remaining in town, are two standing upon
the farm of Joseph Frost, Esq.; the house they were de-
signed to protect was built by his grandfather about 1733,
and so well has it been preserved that in its exterior it
resembles a modern dwelling; the garrison was built about
1735, and is now used for storing wood; the large one,
massive and strong, was built in 1740 of hewn timber dow-
eled together and the seams caulked, so as to be nearly if
not quite water-tight; loopholes for musketry were provided
in the sides, and from the loft, over which a good floor was
laid, there were draws from which watch could be kept on
an approaching enemy. It is in an excellent state of pre-
servation, and if cared for will remain a hundred years to
come as a monument of the past.

Maj. Charles Frost, who represented the old town in the
General Court in 1660, 1661, 1669, and 1674, was killed
by Indians, July 4, 1697. His grave is on the Old Ber-
wick road, between South Berwick and Portsmouth. The
place where he was killed, half-way between the grave and
South Berwick village, is still known as “ The Ambush.”
Nicholas Frost, the first settler, lived at the old garrison
down in the field,—across the road and nearly opposite the
house,—in front of the grave of Maj. Charles Frost. There
are several graves here, one of which bears the inscription,
“Eliot Frost, departed this life January 6, 1746, in the 28
year of his age.” Another reads, “ Capt. Nathaniel Frost,
died Feb. 17, 1829, x. 75.” The stone marking the
major’s grave lies flat upon the ground, and it is said that
it was made heavy to protect his body from the Indians
after it had once been dug up and raised upon a pole on
Frost’s Hill.

INCORPORATION.

The second parish of Kittery was incorporated under
the name of Eliot by act of the Legislature passed February
28th and approved March 1, 1810. The first election was
held at the Congregationalist meeting-house, March 19th of
that year; J oseph Hammond, Jr., was chosen moderator of

52

 

the meeting, and the following town officers elected for the
ensuing year:

John Neal, Town Clerk; Daniel Goodwin, Jr., David
Libby, and John Hammond, Selectmen; Joseph Ham-
mond, Treasurer; John Frost, Jr., Constable; Capt. John
Leighton, Collector; Stephen Neal, Aza Allen, Surveyors
of Land; John Leighton, John Hill, Daniel Goodwin,
Tithingmen, Field-Drivers, Hog-Reeves, Fence- Viewers, and
Surveyors of Lumber ; Capt. Charles Frost, Pound-Keeper ;
Stephen Furbish, Samuel Gould, Nehemiah Green, Joseph
Hammond, Jr., Samuel Leighton, Esq., Elisha Goodwin,
Elisha Shapleigh, Esq., Solomon Libby, Nathaniel Ham-
mond, Samuel Remick, Zebediah Simpson, and Nahum
Emery, Surveyors of Highways; Capt. John Leighton,
Sealer of Weights and Measures; and Daniel Staples, Culler
of Fish.

In 1814 a committee of safety and defense was formed
of the leading men of the town at that time: Samuel
Leighton, Esq., John Hammond, Capt. Elisha Goodwin,
Andrew P. Fernald, Hsq., Elisha Shapleigh, and Maj.
Samuel Remick. It was “ Voted, that the selectmen are
directed, after three days from the time the Troops of the
Town march to defend the sea Coast against the Enemy, to
furnish the Troops with rations until the State or General
Government may Make Provisions for them,” and that they
encourage a company of exempts to collect and organize,
and they be furnished with arms and provisions.

CIVIL LIST.
TOWN CLERKS.

Stephen Neal, 1810; John Leighton, 1811-12; Aza Allen, 1813-16;
William Fogg, 1817-27; William Hammond, 1828-36; William
Leighton, 1837-38; William J. Paul, 1839-43; Isaiah Hanscom,
1844-45; Timothy Ferguson, 1846; Moses Goodwin, Jr., 1847-
48; James G. Jenkins, 1849-52; William H. Libby, 1853; Sam-
uel A. Remick, 1854-55; William H. Libby, 1856-57; John H.

_ Staples, 1858; Samuel A. Remick, 1859-62; William Hammond,
1863; George B. Brooks, 1864-66; J. Howard Paul, 1867-69;
James G. Jenkins, 1870-71; Howard Staples, 1872-77; George
E, Ireland, 1879.

SELECTMEN.

1810-11.—Daniel Goodwin, Jr., David Libby, John Hammond.
1812.—Samuel Leighton, Aza Allen, John Hammond.
1813-15.—Samuel Leighton, Elisha Goodwin, John Hammond.
1816.—John Hammond, Elisha Goodwin, Mark Remick.
1817.—John Hammond, Elisha Goodwin, Aza Allen.
1818.—John Hammond, Alpheus Hanscom, Aza Allen.
1819.—John Hammond, Jr., Alpheus Hanscom, James Knowlton.
1820.—John Hammond, Jr., Daniel Goodwin, Samuel Hatch, Jr.
1821.—James Goodwin, Moses Hammond, John Hill.
1822-24.—James Goodwin, John Hammond, Andrew Leighton.
1825-26.—James Goodwin, John Hammond, Stephen Jenkins.
1827. James Goodwin, Elisha Shapleigh, Stephen Jenkins.
1828,—Elisha Goodwin, Ebenezer Spinney, Stephen Jenkins.
1829.— James Goodwin, Ebenezer Spinney, Stephen Jenkins.
1830.—James Goodwin, William Fogg, Enoch Remick.
1831.—James Goodwin, Stephen Goodwin, Ebenezer Spinney.
1832-33.—James Goodwin, John Hammond, Stephen Jenkins.
1834.—James Goodwin, John P. Rogers, Oliver Clark.
1835-36.—James Goodwin, William Hammond, Oliver Clark.
1837._Stephen Jenkins, Stephen Paul, Daniel Bartlett.
1838-39.—James Goodwin, Stephen Paul, Oliver Clark.
1840.—George C. Bartlett, Elias Remick, William Leighton.
1841.—Oliver Clark, James Goodwin, William Hammond.
1842-43.—Oliver Clark, James Goodwin, Stephen Paul.
1844.—Ichabod Cole, James Goodwin, William Fogg.
1845-46.—Timothy Ferguson, James Goodwin, William Fogg.
410 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

1847-48.—George A. Hammond, William Brooks, Asa Gowen.
1849-50.—James Goodwin, William Fogg, William Brooks.
1851.—Moses Goodwin, Jr., Martin P. Brooks, Robert Nason.
1852.—George C. Bartlett, Jeremiah Libby, Robert Nason.
1853.—George C. Bartlett, Thomas IF’. Brooks, William Hammond.
1854.—George A. Hammond, Moses Goodwin, Joseph Staples.
1855.—Daniel P. Spinney, James 8. Tobey, Joshua Frost.
1856.—Jeremiah Libby, James Goodwin, Jr., Robert Spinney.
1857-58.—Alexander Junkins, George A. Hammond, Robert Spinney.
1859-60.—James Shapleigh, Daniel P. Spinney, George C. Bartlett.
1861.—Jeremiah Libby, Daniel P. Spinney, George C. Bartlett.
1862.—Jonathan Worster, James Shapleigh, Timothy Dame.
1863.—Alexander Junkins, William J. Paul, Jeremiah P. Shapleigh.
1864-65.—Timothy Dame, Jonathan I’. Worster, John D. Frost.
1866.—Timothy Dame, George C. Bartlett, Augustus P. Shapleigh.
1867.—Timothy Dame, John L. Emery, Hiram Lord.
1868-69.—Moses Goodwin, Andrew P. Fernald, D. L. Brooks.
1870.—Moses Goodwin, Andrew P. Fernald, Andrew J. Dixon.
1871.—Ichabod Cole, John L. Jenks, Russell Goodwin.
1872-73.—Ichabod Cole, John L. Jenks, George H. Briggs.
1874.—Samuel Cole, John L. Jenks, Alexander Junkins.
1875.—Alexander Junkins, Charles H. Cole, Charles A. Shapleigh.
1876-77.—Moses Goodwin, Charles H. Cole, Charles A. Shapleigh.
1878.—Charles H. Cole, John L. Jenks, Alexander P. Fernald.
1879.—Samuel E. Cole, John L. Jenks, Moses Goodwin.

CHURCHES.

CONGREGATIONALIST.

That portion of that Kittery that remained after the in-
corporation of Berwick was divided into two parishes about
1713. In the North Parish, comprising what is now Eliot,
measures were taken for the settlement of a minister about
the same time as in the South Parish. In 1715, Mr. John
Rogers was employed to preach on probation, and was con-
tinued from year to year till a sufficient number had been
gathered to constitute a church. On the 22d of June,
1721, a council was convened and a church organized, con-
sisting of seven members. Their names were John Rogers,
Joseph Hammond, Samuel Hill, Nicholas Shapleigh,
Stephen Tobey, Daniel Fogg, and James Staples. The
first deacons were William Tetherly and James Staples.
October 25th following, Mr. Rogers was ordained. He
continued his ministrations about fifty-two years; becoming
enfeebled by age, his people provided him with a colleague.
Five years before his death, June 28, 1768, Rev. Alpheus
Spring was ordained. Mr. Spring endeared himself much
to his people, and his talents were highly esteemed. He
died suddenly of fever, June 14, 1791, after a pastorate
of twenty-three years. His successor was the Rev. Samuel
Chandler; was ordained Oct. 17, 1792, and continued his
ministry till his death, Aug. 9, 1829. His successor,
Josiah C. Merrill, was installed May 4, 1831, and dismissed
after one year’s labor. Jan. 2, 1836, Elisha Bacon was
installed, and remained till June 1, 1840. From 1840 to
1842, Ivory Kimball was employed as stated supply; from
1842 to 1845, Josiah B. Clark; from 1845 to, 1848, John
Baker; from 1849 to 1850, Calvin Chapman; from 1852
to 1856, Jeffries Hall. Jan. 4, 1858, Rev. Otis Holmes
was installed, and continued his pastorate till Jan. 11,1865.
In 1865, William H. Cutler was engaged as stated sup-
ply; from Oct. 21, 1866, to 1870, Rev. Charles Peabody.
Rev. Benjamin J. Sanborn and others have supplied since
1874. Upon the death of Deacon Staples, Thomas Knight
became his suecessor. Simon Emery was chosen in 1749,
and William Leighton in 1761; John Hill served a long

 

time, Alpheus Hanscom till his death, and latter Deacon
Joseph Frost and John Paul. The first meeting-house was
built about 1717, and stood near the present residence of
William Leighton, and about one mile northwest of present
site of church. It was used by the society as a place of
worship till 1838, when the location was changed and
present house built, and dedicated November 19th of that
year. The church was reorganized in 1835. arly pro-
vision was made for the support of the ministry, and 150
acres granted from the town for that purpose in 1669.
This society has a good and comfortable parsonage, recently
repaired and improved, conveniently situated near the meet-
ing-house.
FRIENDS.

The first meeting for worship was established in Eliot,
October, 1730, and was connected with Dover Monthly
Meeting. For more than ten years it was the only one in
the State. In 1732 the following names of “ Quakers”
were entered on the town book of Kittery: Robert Allen,
Francis Allen, Francis Allen, Jr., James Davis, William
Fry, William Fry, Jr., Benjamin Fry, Samuel Hill, Reyn-
old Jenkins, Michael Kennard, John Morrill, Sr., John
Morrill, Jr., Peter Morrill, Jedediah Morrill, Widow Sarah
Mitchell, Andrew Neal, John Neal, Andrew Neal, Jr., Peter
Witham, Thomas Weed. Jn 1735 were added Daniel
Furbush, Sr., Samuel Johnson, and Edward Whitehouse.
In the spring of 1742 these people were visited by John
Churchman, celebrated as a minister of the society from
Pennsylvania. In 1764 a preparative meeting was granted,
and in 1769 a meeting-house was built. No monthly or
quarterly meeting has ever been granted them. The meet-
ing-house stood on the south side of Sturgeon Creek, nearly
opposite the residence of E. R. Allen, on land owned till
quite a recent date by the descendants of Friend Jenkins.
Among those remembered as Friends were the Allens,
Frys, Neals, and Jenkins. At one time they possessed
considerable strength; now they have no existence as a dis-
tinctive body within the town.

METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH.

The first meeting of this society was held in the neigh-
borhood of Eliot Methodist Episcopal Church, by Rev.

. George Pickering, at a private house in 1826; soon after

others were held by Rev. Shepley Wilson. A church was
built the same year, and dedicated by the famous John N.
Maffit. So much interest was manifested that the presid-
ing elder sent Rev. P. Crandall to labor with the people
till Conference. A revival resulted, and he formed a class
composed of the six following-named persons: Mary Paul,
Ebenezer Bartlett, Olive Bartlett, Mary J. Bartlett, and
Sarah J. Paul, with Capt. Moses Paul as class-leader. He
was also first steward and trustee. The first Conference
minister was Charles Baker, for 1827. His successors have
been Justin Spalding, 1828-29; Aaron Sanderson, 1830-
31; Caleb Mugford, 1832; Daniel Crockett, 1833-34;
George D. Strout, 1835; Gorham Greely, 1836; James
Harrington, 1837; Horatio N. Macomber, 1838; John
Rice, 1839-41; Jesse Harriman, 1842; Francis Masseure,
1843-44; Silas M. Emerson, 1845; J. W. Atkins, 1846;
Alvra Hatch, 1847-48; J. W. True, 1849-50; John
TOWN OF ELIOT... 411

 

Mitchell, 1851-52; John Cobb, 1853-54; 8. W. Pierce,
1855-56; A. F. Barnard, 1857-58; Daniel Waterhouse,
1859-60; A. B. Lovewell, 1861-62; Sargent 8. Gray
(superannuated), 1863; A. R. Sylvester, 1864-65; Mar-
cus Wight, 1866; Ezekiel Robinson. The more recent
pastors have been O. M. Cousens, G. F. Cobb, S. F. Strout,
and George R. Wilkins, present pastor. The meeting-house
was thoroughly remodeled and repaired in 1854, and again

'in 1878. The society possesses a good, comfortable parson-
age, which was obtained between the years 1831 and 1836;
it was repaired and much improved in 1869. No marked
revival has occurred in the history of this church, but a
steady growth has characterized its progress, till now it
reports a membership of 100, with meeting-house and par-
sonage valued at $3300.

A Methodist society formed at South Eliot at first wor-
shiped in a small chapel which stood a few rods west of the
site now occupied by the meeting-house, but were too weak
to support regular preaching. Granville A. Remick was
first class-leader. Levi Remick, Washington Remick, and
Asa Brooks were among the first members. Through the
labors of a Wesleyan minister named Clarke, the meeting-
house was built about 1853, and the chapel moved east of
the church and converted into a parsonage below and a hall
or class-room above. A union of effort procured from Con-
ference a preacher for the years 1858-59, whose labors
were blessed by a revival in 1859, and the church strength-
ened by an addition of ten or twelve members. Rev. Mr.
Crafts was the preacher. His successors were Rev. Asahel
Morse, 1860; Swanton Ranks, 1861-62; supplied by Mr.
Sawyer, 1863 ; Mr. Carter, 1864; 8. Holman, 1865; James
O. Thompson, 1866; Alva Cook, 1867-69; HE. H. Mc-
Kenney, 1870-71; A. Cook, 1876-77; Benjamin Free-
man, 1878; R. H. Kimball, 1879. Membership, 48, and
12 probationers. Estimated value of meeting-house and
parsonage, $2800.

CHRISTIAN SOCIETY.

A Christian society was formed some years ago, and a
chapel for worship built on Eliot Neck. Since 1870 it has
been occupied by the Adventists, and preaching is occasion-
ally had there by traveling ministers of their denomination
and by Rev. Mr. Young, of South Berwick.

SCHOOLS AND ACADEMIES.

In early times the most celebrated teachers of the town
were John Heard Bartlett and Alpheus Hanscom, and
more recently Col. George C. Bartlett, whose labors in the
school-room are of twenty-five years’ duration. The acad-
emy was built about 1839, and enjoyed some prosperity,
but only a feeble school was maintained to 1869-70, which
has since been discontinued. The academy building was a
neat two-story wooden structure. It was kept in good re-
pair, and the upper floor was occupied as a town-hall until
it was destroyed by fire in 1875.

The following summary shows the present status: Num-
ber of districts, 8; number of school-houses, 8; number
between the ages of four and twenty-one years, 550;
average attendance, 271; amount of money voted, $1800 ;
amount raised per scholar, $3.26.

 

The school property of the town is valued at $6000.
School Supervisor for 1879, George W. Brown.

PROMINENT MEN.

Nicholas Frost, the first known settler of Eliot, was an
active and influential man; held the office of constable in
1640 and ’41, and that of selectman in 1652. He left
four children,—three sons and one daughter,—and from
them have descended the numerous families of that name.
Charles, the eldest, was born in Tiverton, England, July
30, 1631, and married Mary Bowles, daughter of Joseph,
of Wells. He also was a prominent man, and known in
history as Maj. Charles Frost. Returning from church at
Berwick, he was waylaid by the Indians, and shot from his
horse, July 4,1697. The energy and decision with which
he met their hostilities excited their hatred and dread, and
they rejoiced greatly at his fall. John, the next son, set-
tled first at the Isles of Shoals, and carried on fisheries at
Star Island. He died in 1718, leaving a widow, Sarah, and
a son, John, who inherited the York estate. This last
named John had three sons,—John, Samuel, and Ithamar.
John (3d) inherited his father’s York estate. Maj. Samuel
Leighton of the Revolution, and Gen. Samuel Leighton,
who died at Alfred, 1848, were grandsons of Nicholas
Frost. Charles Frost (3d), son of Maj. Charles Frost, was
made register of wills in 1724.

John Frost, second son of Maj. Charles, was born 1681,
and died 1732-33. In 1702 he was appointed to command
a ship-of-war. He engaged extensively in mercantile pur-
suits, and became wealthy ; was representative and coun-
cilor, and known as Hon. John Frost. John, the oldest
son of Hon. John Frost, was born in 1738, and married
Mary Nowell. He was in the expedition against the
French in Canada in 1760. He was a lieutenant in the
army at the age of twenty, and marched from Eliot to the
Isle Aux Norte, near Montreal, where he fought under
Gen. Amherst. In his diary an entry reads, “July 11,
Capt. Wentworth went with me to see wounded soldiers.”
He remained there after the departure of the army, Aug.
30th, of that year. He was a colonel and brigadier-gen-
eral in the Revolution ; a representative ; a senator in 1787,
and councilor. To fame he is known as Brig.-Gen. Frost.
He died at Eliot in 1810. He had twelve children, of
whom the most prominent was his second son, Joseph, born
1762, and died 1811. He was a major of militia and
sheriff.

John Frost, LL.D., born in 1800; graduated at Har-
vard, 1822 ; head-master of Mayhew School, Boston, 1823
to ’28; then removed to Philadelphia, and was professor
of belles-lettres in Central High School from 1838 to 1845.

Col. Samuel Leighton was first representative to Gen-
eral Court in 1810, and succeeding terms of 1812--13;
John Hammond, representative for 1814-17, 1820-21 ;
William Fogg, 1825-26 ; James Goodwin, 1828 ; Timothy
Spinney, 1829-30 ; Stephen Jenkins, 1831-32 ; William
Hammond, 1834; Andrew Leighton, 1835; Nathaniel
Hanscom, 1839-40; John P. Rogers, 1841. To the State
Senate, James Goodwin, a resident of the town, was elected
in 1830; Ichabod Cole was a member of the Senate in

1871.
412 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

Among the more recent leading men were Andrew P.
Fernald, Samuel Leighton, Moses Goodwin, William H.
Libby, Howard Staples, John L. Jenks, Charles H. and
Samuel E. Cole, Timothy Dame and John D. Frost.

REPRESENTATIVES IN THE GENERAL COURT.

Col. Samuel Leighton, 1810-11; Samuel Leighton,
John Hammond, 1813; John Hammond, 1814-17; none,
1818 ; John Hammond, 1819,

PROFESSIONAL.

LAWYERS.

Noah Emery, probably a descendant of Anthony, was
born 1699; studied law and came to the bar, 1725; is re-
garded as the first resident lawyer of the State ; was several
times appointed king’s attorney between 1741 and 1759;
he died, 1762. His brother, Caleb, learned the trade of a
cooper, and pursued it till he became too corpulent to work
with ease at his calling; then studied law with his brother,
and was admitted to the bar in 1750. In 1761 he was
appointed king’s attorney. He is represented to have been
plain and simple in his manners, and to have discouraged

 

litigation among his neighbors. He preferred agriculture
to law, and was a prosperous and intelligent farmer.
George Frost, son of Hon. John Frost, born in 1720,
married for his first wife an English lady, and for second
Widow Smith, of Durham, by whom he had four children.
He also was a man of note in his day. In early life he
commanded a merchant vessel and an armed ship. After-
wards he became a lawyer, judge, and a member of Con-
gress.
James Fogg graduated at Bowdoin in 1840; studied
law, and, after his admission to the bar, located in the city

of Boston. ;
PHYSICIANS.

Dr. Caleb Emery is remembered as the first physician of
the town; then John O. Adams, John S. H. Fogg, and
C. H. Guptill, the present one.

William, sixth son of Brig.-Gen. Frost, was a physician.
in Kittery, Demerara, Cuba, and surgeon in United States
Navy. Died in Cuba in 1823.

Dr. John S. H. Fogg, born in 1826; graduated at Bow-
doin College in 1846, and at the Boston Medical College in
1850, and the same year married Sarah Gordon, of South
Berwick, and removed to Boston.

 

SS IS+

LEBANON.

 

GENERAL DESCRIPTION.

THE town of Lebanon is bounded on the north by Acton,
on the east by Sanford, on the south by North Berwick and
Berwick, and on the west by Salmon Falls River, which
separates it from the towns of Rochester and Milton, in
Strafford Co., N. H.

Since its incorporation, in 1767, its boundaries have been
extended by the addition of Bagly’s and Chadbourne’s grants
on the northwest, and Baker’s on the east, so that the pres-
ent area of the town is about forty square miles. Nearly
all of Bagley’s and Chadbourne’s grants are now owned by
the heirs of the late Thomas M. Wentworth, whose residence
is on what was Bagly’s grant, not within the limits of the
original town.

These grants were gores left between the different angles
of Lebanon and the adjoining towns in their laying out,
consequent upon one survey being parallel with the coast
and another with the meridian.

The Portland and Rochester Railroad crosses the town
on its southeasterly part. The Great Falls and Conway
Railroad passes for a short distance through the north-
westerly part of the town, and has a depot within the town
near the Three Ponds village, in Milton. The depot of
the Portland and Rochester Road is situated in the easterly
part of the town, about a mile north of Little River Falls
village. This road accommodates the inhabitants of the

 

east side of the town, while the west side find an outlet
by the Great Falls and Conway. An express from West
Lebanon connects with every train on this road.

SURFACE, SOIL, Ere.

The southeast is comparatively level, while to the north-
west the surface is more broken. Although there are sev-
eral high hills within the limits of the town, there is but
one of them worthy the name of mountain. Near the north-
east corner of the town is the point which is known by the
name of “ Wentworth's Mountain,” because formerly owned
by Thomas M. Wentworth. This mountain is not within
the original limits of the township.

There is a strip of level land, of about two miles in width,
extending across the whole town, on its southeastern side,
adjoining the town of Berwick. About midway of this
level there is a moderate swell. On the wésterly side of the
town this rises into a ridge of hills which extends north

. through its whole length, nearly parallel to Salmon Falls

River. On the west it slopes to that river, and on the east
towards the centre of the town. At the termination of the
level, near the centre, the land rises in an even swell that
extends north, leaving a valley. An eastern slope, falling
towards Sanford, leaves a space of comparatively level land
towards the line of that town. A narrow space adjoining
Sanford is broken into small hills. A strip about half a
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

pate

 

Resipence of THELare T. M. WENTWORTH, Lesanon, York Co., MAINE.
TOWN OF LEBANON. 413

 

mile in width, extending across the whole breadth of the
town, joining the town of Acton, is composed of steep hills,
filled with broken fragments of white quartz, from which
silver is being mined in the fixed rock, a few miles north-
west. The best mica bed in the county occurs a short
distance east of Lebanon Centre.

The southwesterly part of the town is pine plains, and
worth but little for purposes of agriculture, although first
settled. On the road leading from Berwick through West
Lebanon village to Acton, after leaving the flat land, are
found many good farms and fine country residences.

The most profitable crop is hay, the soil in many sections
being well adapted to the growth of grass. Little River
furnishes water-power for several saw-mills and a grist-mill
at Little River Falls, near the southeast corner of the town.
A large brook, running southerly through the town, furnishes
water sufficient for running a saw-mill, spring and fall.
Salmon Falls River, the western boundary, furnishes several
good mill-privileges, upon which are erected, within the
limits of the town, several saw-mills, and one mill for wool
carding. Most of these privileges are under the control of
the Great Falls Manufacturing Company.

TITLE TO THE SOIL.

The General Court of Massachusetts, in 1733, passed a
resolve to open four townships for settlement, three of which
were to be located in Massachusetts, and one on the eastern
side of Salmon Falls River, at the head of Berwick, in the
county of York. These towns were limited in territory to
six miles square. In pursuance of that resolve, Sir William
Pepperell, John Alding, and Richard Milbury were ap-
pointed a committee to lay out 60 lots “in the most de-
fensible manner’ for settlers, together with the necessary
highways. Having completed their survey, taken the
bonds required of settlers, and made their return to the
General Court, together with the plan of the lots and high-
ways laid out, their doings were accepted. These lots were
ready for assignment in October.

In consequence of the frequent Indian wars, the govern-
ment required all new towns to be laid out in a compact
and defensible manner, and home-lots were located and
drawn first near some central or accessible point. In
1735 the township was confirmed to Joseph Chadbourne,
Nathan Lord, Joseph Hartt, Ichabod Goodwin, Edward
Arnold, Elisha Plaisted, and 54 others, their associates,
with the following bounds: Beginning on Berwick Head
line, at the Lower Stair Falls, in N ewichawannock River,
and running northeast by east, on Berwick line, six miles
and two hundred rods; then northwest by north six miles
and eighty rods; then southwest by west by Massachusetts
lands and lands granted to Jonathan Bagly, Esq., to Salmon
Falls River; then southerly by said river to the place of
beginning. All holding land at the present time within
the foregoing limits hold by virtue of the above grant, no
portion of the land within this township ever having been
conveyed by an Indian deed. _

The proprietors were required to make actual settlement
within two years, to each clear eight acres of land fit for
mowing and tillage, and to build each a dwelling-house at
least eighteen feet square, with seven-feet posts. They were

 

also required to build a meeting-house and settle a learned
Orthodox, or Protestant minister, and provide for his sup-
port. To this end, and for the support of schools, there
were reserved three lots,—one for the ministry, one for the
first settled minister, and one for the support of schools
within the town. A bond of £20 was exacted from each
settler.
SETTLEMENT.

The original proprietors of the town were mostly residents
of Berwick, Kittery, York and Somersworth, and Dover,
in New Hampshire. But very few, if any, of them ever
settled in this town.

By the terms of their charter the original proprietors were
required, in making the divisions of land in the township,
to consider the first minister, the ministry and schools, each,
as one of themselves,—that is, one lot should be drawn for
the first minister settled in the town, one for the support of
the ministry, and one for the support of schools in the
town at each drawing. This provision of the charter gov-
erned the action of the committee appointed by the Gen-
eral Court to lay out the lots for the first settlers.

The proprietors, under the management of William Pep-
perell, commenced their labors by laying out a highway
from Berwick Head line, at a point two hundred and thirty-
six rods northeast by east from Salmon Falls River, and
extending northwest by north into the township a distance
of three miles. Along this highway 63 “home-lots” were
laid out, varying in size from 20 to 35 acres, one of which
was allotted to each original proprietor, one to the first min-
ister, one to the ministry, and one to schools. Upon
them the first settlers located. These lots are nearly all
included within the present limits of school district No. 1.
These lots were surveyed by Joseph Chadbourne, surveyor,
and Samuel Mill Ceny (?), and Ebenezer Moulton, Sr.,
chairman, who were sworn to their duty by William Pep-
perell. The plat was accepted by the General Court,
March 24, 1735, and the lots were drawn by the following
persons: Moses Abbot, B. B. Allen, Edward Arnold,
Nathan Blodgett, Jona. Bowers, Ebenezer Blaisdell, Thomas
G. Butler, Ch. Bradbury, Capt. Caleb Blodgett, William
Buster, Nathl. Bray, Samuel Came, Zebedee Chandler,
Jos. Chadbourne, Jas. Chadbourne, Richard Cutt, Jr.,
John Curtis, Jr., Joseph Chandler, Zachariah Emery, Chas.
Frost, Jr., Ralph Farnum, James Frost, John Fry, Hleazer
Ferguson, John Fay, Elisha Gunnison, Nath. Gubtail,
William Gerrish, James Gerrish, Ichabod Goodwin, Wil-
liam Gowen, James Grant, Joseph Hartt, Elisha Hill,
Stephen Hardison, Richd. Hearl, John Hodgdon, Joseph
Junkins, Thomas Kidder, Samuel Kendall, Richard Lord,
Benjamin Libby, John Lewis, Tobias Leighton, John Lord,
Nathan Lord, Hiram Lord. The ministry, Noah Marble.
The ininister’s lot, Ebenezer Moulton, Jere. Moulton, Elisha
Plaisted, Jos. Peevey, James Parker, Daniel Smith. The
school-lot, John Stevens, Samuel Sewell, Jere. Sprague,
Joseph Sayward, Benj. Thompson, Abel Whitney.

By reference to the histories of the Berwicks, in another
part of this work, it will be seen that many of the above
names were of residents of that town at an earlier period,
and even later, as they were owners or proprietors, many
of whom never completed the settlement of their grants.
414 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

They were slow in procuring settlers, and were under the
necessity of applying to the General Court for an extension
of time. From the best information that can now be ob-
tained, it does not appear that there were any settlers
within the town previous to 1746. The names of the first
settlers were Farnham, Copp, Door, Hussey, Rines, Stevens,
Blaisdell, Tebbets, Kenney, Wallingford, McCrelis, Perkins,
Corson, Burrows, Goodwin, Yeaton, Furbush, and Cowell.
Probably there were others whose names are not known at
this day. These came from Berwick, Kittery, Somers-
worth, Dover, and York.

The best farming-lands are upon what is now called the
“ centre road,” extending northwest through the centre of
the town. Many settlers were early attracted to the lands
along its route, and others located along the road laid out
by the proprietors from the Berwick line northward through
South Lebanon and West Lebanon, on the home-lots.

PROPRIETARY GOVERNMENT.

Under a warrant issued by John Hill, Esq., justice of
the peace of Berwick, in response to a petition of himself
and eleven others, the first proprietors’ meeting was held
at the house of Samuel Lord, innholder, in Berwick,* Oct.
15, 1735.

Samuel Came was chosen moderator of the meeting, and
Joseph Hartt elected proprietors’ clerk. Hlisha Plaisted,
James Grant, and Richard Lord were elected a committee
to order the prudential affairs of the town, assessors, col-
lectors, and ‘‘agents to prosecute any persons who should
make any trespass on the common and undivided lands.”’

‘Voted, That the proprietors shall make application to
the clerk for a warrant to call proprietors’ meetings.

“ Voted, That the highways of the town shall be cleared
and made passable by the last of next November ensuing,
and that it shall be done in money by an assessment of 20s.
on each proprietor.”

The committee were ordered to clear one acre of the
minister’s lot and open the highways. Sixty pounds were
voted for roads. The town was without a name until its
incorporation, in 1767, Though the Indian name of Tow-
weh was applied to the location at an early day, it never
found place on any of the proprietors’ records, they choos-
ing the rather descriptive title of “ The-new-town-lately-
granted-by-the-General-Court-at-the-Head-of- Berwick,” and
sometimes adding to this, “ On-the-easterly-side-of-Salmon-
Falls-River!’ After the incorporation they adopted the
name of Lebanon.

Joseph Hartt became the first treasurer, in 1737, and a
committee was appointed to wait upon Col. Pepperell about
the funds of the concern, which had been at first placed in
his hands, and which were now wanted to expend upon the
meeting-house lot. Work in the township was done by
Capts. James Grant, Elisha Plaisted, and Joseph Libby.
In 1738, 8 acres were cleared on the minister's lot, and a
survey of the rivers made to find the most convenient place
for building a saw-mill. . What trees were found cut without
authority, and those cut in opening roads, were sold to the
highest bidder. The next March it was decided to prose-

 

# At Quamphegan Landing, now South Berwick village.

 

cute any person who should trespass by erecting any mill-
dam without leave of a majority of the proprietors.

In 1741 it was voted to divide all the land “from Zera
Sprague’s to the river,” including the west part of the
town, between the road and Salmon Falls River. The
agents were instructed “to address the General Court in
regard to sundry persons making a mill-dam athwart the
river Newichawannock, and damaging the timber by over-
flowing the lands.” In September, 1742, it was voted to
build a meeting-house, “ 35 by 42, two stories high, jutting
over ;” and Benjamin Libby, Ichabod Goodwin, and Capt.
Sam. Sewall were a committee to hire men to build it, and
clear a part of the minister’s lot for it.

At the next drawing, Joseph Hartt was appointed to
draw the names and numbers, and two lots were drawn for
“ Hon. Wm. Pepperell, Esq.”

A fine of 40s. was fixed about this time for cutting any
pine-tree above 12 inches through at the stump. Gar-
land’s mill was compromised with soon after, and a mill-
privilege was laid, beginning 20 rods above Garland’s mill-
dam, and including 80 acres of land.

A meeting was held Nov. 20, 1744, to agree on building
a sufficient fortification “ to defend His Majesties Subjects.”

It was voted ‘that two flankers shall be joined to the
meeting-house that is to be built.” More of the lots were
surveyed in that year, the labor being paid for in “new
tenor’ currency at 6s. a day. A committee petitioned the
General Court for “ the town’s money in the hands of Hon.
Mr. Pepperell to build the fort with.”

The lots were all surveyed in 1748, but were not equal-
ized to draw until 1750. The records are silent from 1746
to 1748. A destructive fire, supposed set by Indians, ran
through the woods in 1749, destroying much valuable
timber, and causing great distress. A warrant for a
meeting to raise money to build a garrison was sent to be
put in the public prints. In May, 1751, it was again
voted to build a meeting-house and to build a grist-mill.
Forty shillings were assessed on the rights to build the
meeting-house.

In 1753 a frame for a meeting-house was raised. The
next year it was boarded and shingled, doors made and
hung, a double floor laid, and rough seats made inside, ar-
ranged in two rows, one for the use of the men, and the
other for women, and the lot partially cleared for defense
against the approach of Indians. The dimensions of this
house were 30 by 40 feet; it was two stories in height.
It was erected upon the lot drawn for the use of the min-
istry, and stood upon an elevated spot of land on the west
side of the “old road,” about one-fourth of a mile southerly
from the house now occupied by James R. Chamberlain.

Deacon Gershom Wentworth and William Moore were
appointed to procure a minister to preach about the middle
of May, and again about the middle of June, the expense
to be defrayed by the proprietors. Forty pounds more
were assessed upon the rights to pay a minister and other
accrued charges. Benj. Chadbourne was instructed to call
upon Sir William Pepperell for the nails he promised, and
Deacon Wentworth engaged “to make doors and rough
seats for the people to sit on.” In 1755 a minister was
procured for four Sabbaths.
NONVWGIIT
‘WNOSHIH 9 7170f 10 S394

"INIVW

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
TOWN OF LEBANON. 415

 

In 1756 it was voted that a suitable fortification be built
about Capt. Benj. Tibbetts’ house and at the meeting-house.
This was built on the western side of the road leading
from Berwick to West Lebanon village, near the Ivory
Stevens place. The “ Tibbetts’ Garrison” was built with
posts and boards, extending on the fore side and east, with
flankers on the southeast corner 12 feet square and 2 stories
high, built of good square timbers.

A garrison was also built a little east or south of the old
road on William Gowen’s lot, and stood a little north of the
present dwelling of George F. Furbush. This was 4 rods
square, with two 10-feet square flankers or projecting angles,
built of heavy timbers, from which the walls of the main
inclosure could be raked by a fire of musketry. This was
all surrounded by pickets well set in the ground; these to
be large poles, set double, and rising 10 feet above the sur-
face.

In 1759 a frame house was erected on the minister’s lot, a
little to the southeast of the meeting-house, and nearer the
road, for the first minister. This frame stood only a short
time, when it was burnt down. In 1762 the proprietors
erected another frame, and so far finished the house as to
render it fit to be used as a place for keeping a school.

Rev. Isaac Hasey was settled as minister in 1765. There
was never any meeting of the proprietors held in Lebanon.
In 1742 they met at the inn of Ichabod Goodwin, in Ber-
wick, and afterwards at the houses of John Lord, Jr., and
Nahum Marshall. Their records continue until 1801.

INCORPORATION.

Previous to 1767 there was no name for the town of
Lebanon. For the thirty-four years from its charter, in
1733, it was only known on the records as “The new
township at the head of Berwick, on the east side of Little
Falls River.’ The name first occurs in the act of incorpo-
ration, which reads:

“Whereas, The erecting of the plantation called Lebanon, or Tow-
wow,* into a town will greatly contribute to the growth thereof and
remedy many inconveniences to which the Inhabitants and Proprie-
tors may be otherwise subjected. Be it enacted by the Governor,
Council, and House of Representatives, that the plantation aforesaid,
beginning at Salmon Fall River, on the north bounds of the township
of Berwick, and to run northeast and by east with that line six miles
two hundred rods, then northwest and by north six miles and eighty
rods with the Province land, then southwest and by west with the
unappropriated lands of the government and w grant made to Jona-
than Bagley, Esq., to the river aforesaid, and then with the said river
to the bounds first mentioned, be and is hereby erected into a town by
the name of LeBanon, and that the Inhabitants thereof be and are here-
by invested with all the Powers, Privileges, and immunities which the
inhabitants of the towns within this Province do enjoy. And be it en-
acted that Benjamin Chadbourne, Esq., be, and is hereby, empowered
to issue his warrant directed to some principal inhabitant in said
town requiring him to warn the inhabitants of the said town who
have an estate of freehold according to charter, to meet at such time
and place as shall be therein set forth, to choose all such officers as are
or shall be required by law to manage the affairs of the said town.

“Dated June 13th, and signed by the Governor, Fra. Bernard,
June 17, 1767.”

A warrant was accordingly issued by Benjamin Chad-
bourne, justice of the peace, to Mr. Joseph Farnham, for

 

* The words “or Tow-wow” are not a part of the original record,
but were afterwards interlined in a different hand.

 

a meeting to be held at the meeting-house, September 14th
of that year, at one o’clock in the afternoon, to choose town
officers for the remainder of the year. At this meeting
Joseph Farnham was chosen Moderator; Rev. Isaac Hasey,
Town Clerk; Tristram Copps, Joseph Farnham, Joseph
Farnham, Jr., Selectmen; Howard Burrows, Constable;
Philip Door, Sr., Joseph Farnham, Jr., Tithingmen; Philip
Door, Sr., Samuel Corson, Surveyors of Highways; Richard
Hussey, Samuel Corson, Fence- Viewers and Field-Drivers ;
Joshua Kenney, Gilbert Perkins, Hog-Reeves; Joseph
Farnham, Tristram Copps, Richard Dorr, Wardens. At
the next regular election, March, 1768, Rev. Isaac Hasey
was elected Town Clerk, but declined serving, and Joseph
Farnham, Jr., was chosen in his place.

The first election for Governor ever held in the town was
in 1787, when 53 votes were cast, all for John Hancock.

At a meeting held March 12, 1787, to erect a new meet-
ing-house near the centre of the town, the following oath
of allegiance was administered to the moderator, it being
rigorously demanded of all public officers that they should
be emphatically loyal:

“J, James Witherell, do truly and solemnly acknowledge, profess,
testify, and declare that the Common Wealth is, and of right ought
to be, a free, sovereign, and independent State, and I do swear that I
will bear true faith and allegiance to the said Commonwealth, and
that I will defend the same against treacherous Conspiracies and all
hostile attempts whatsoever, and that I do abjure and renounce all
allegiance, subjection, and obedience to the King, Queen, or govern-
ment of (treat Britain, and every other foreign power whatsoever,
and that no foreign prince, person, prelate, state, or potentate hath,
or ought to have, any jurisdiction, superiority, pre-eminence, or power
in any matter civil, ecclesiastical, or spiritual within the common-
wealth, except the authority and power which is or may be vested by
their constituents in the Congress of the United States; and I do
further testify and declare that no man or body of men hath or can
have any right to absolve or discharge me from the obligation of this
oath, declaration, or affirmation, and that I do make this acknowledg-
ment, profession, testimony, declaration, denial, denunciation, and
abjuration heartily and according to the common meaning and accep-
tation of the foregoing words without any Mental Evasion or Secret
Reservation Whatsoever, So help me God.”

A bounty to the men of the town who were at Ticonde-
roga and the surrender of Burgoyne was proposed in 1787,
and a meeting called, but it was finally decided to devote
the means to the present needs of the town.

Thomas Hall and Ezekiel Wentworth were ordered to
leave town within fourteen days under penalty of the law,
for having come into the town without a permit. Thomas
M. Wentworth was elected delegate to the Boston Conven-
tion. The selectmen of Lebanon and Shapleigh met March
24, 1790, in obedience to an act of the General Court, and
established the line between the two towns, which had been
a source of annoyance, on account of collection of taxes,
since the occupation of Shapleigh. Much of the taxes were
collected in lumber, delivered at the landing, or cattle, which
were fed on tax corn, driven to Boston, and there sold by
the town authorities. Daniel Wood and David Segro were
elected delegates to the constitutional convention in 1819.
The constitution was ratified by the people of Lebanon ina
vote of 109 for to 3 against it.

PARSON HASEY’'S DIARY.

The following extracts from the diary of Rev. Isaac
Hasey, the first settled minister, give a vivid picture of the
416

HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

home life of this frontier settlement during the Revolution-
ary period.

1765, Sept.—Noah Lord bottomed six chairs.

“16th. Daniel Roberts underpinned my barn.
gathered up y° town stalks.

“25th.—Abijah Stevens took an ox to pasture for Tristram Copps.

“30th.—Severe frost.

“ Oct. 16th.— Finished digging potatoes; 6 and a 4th bushels in all.

“ Nov. 3d.—Wet day. Ben Furbish killed a steer for me, 192 tb;
hide 374.

“Tth.—Wet day; brother John dipt 2ib candles.

“18th.—Preached at Berwick.

“27th.—Snow half leg deep in general, and more in many places ;
winter indeed!

“30th.—Clear, cool. Thanksgiving hampshire a Dea. Farnham, Esq.

“1766, Jan. lst.—Very cold; snow 3 inches deep on the ground;
got home late; froze my face.

“2d.—Snow 14 inches.

“6th.—Clear, pleasant Domini. Danl. Farnham, Dea. Blasdel &
Son, Mr. Burrows joind and haled some wood for me.

“14th.—Mr. Goodwin’s child buried here. ss

“17th.—Clear weather, moderated some; 4 peck of Pease by ye
Deacon.

“19th.—Clear, pleasant day, moderate. Bill up by Benjamin Bick-
ford for yo satisfaction of the death of their child.*

‘20th.—Mostly clear; rode with mrs. Hersey to Mr. Copps, from
thence to Mr. Kenys, from thence p.m. thro ye woods to mr. corsons,
& home by Deacon Blasdell’s; raind in y® evg.

“ 28th,—Half peck potatoes by Furbish, Sr.

“ Mar. 13th.— Extremely cold; froze my fowls on the roosts in the
barn.

23d.—Cloudy day; no bill up. Baptize 6 children of Low and
Burrows.

“27th.—Lord made about 30 rods fence on south line meeting-house
Lot. Deacon built his seat in meeting-house.

“ Apr. 20th.—Snow some; clear; read ye proclamation. Lord came
home in ye morn after fruitless search for ye horse in York, Kittery,
and Berwick.

‘23d.—Clear and pleasant; preached all day. Bill up by Richard
Door returning thanks for her safe deliverance. Mrs. Tibbets brot to
bed, and a young woman at Mrs. Copses house.

© 28th.—Rainy day. Lord making a bedstead.

1775, Jan. 17th —Clear ; women cut wood at ye door.
ague. Baby billup. Ben Hasey.

“ Apr. 20th.—Squally. Good news this morn 4 of clock, a.3t.; news
of ye regulars fighting.

“21st.—Clear and windy ; rod to Berwick and returned. Muster
day to send off ye minute men.

“22d.—Musty day; hald jog of hay from lower barn. Shocking
alarm at 1 of clock last night of regulars being landed and fighting
in Kittery.

“ 28th.—Tom burrows putting up slab fence. Mr. Cops hald 2 loads
of Slabs for me from Garland’s mill, one 25 for Garland and other of
380 for him self.

“ May 11th.—Clear and Hot; air full of Smoak; many fires around.
Capt. Hubard up to list men.

“‘13th.—Rode to Rochester to a blacksmith.

“18th.—Mose Corson sowed and harrowed } bushel of peas.

“27th.—Clear and hot; bill up by Sam Stevens for himself going
into ye army. Enoch Blaisdell and his wife owned covenant. Enoch,
son of Enoch Blaisdell, baptized.

“1776, Apr. 29th.—Thomas Goodwin moved into this town.

“ May 17th.—Air cool. Continental fast, no bill up. Lieut. Han-
son here.

“ June 11th.—Planted potatoes and corn by Gt. Brook, where Bro.
Farnham’s hog dug up. s :

“20th.—Clear, Hot; training-day. Officers opened their commis-
sions.

“ July 9th. Clear; training-day to list men.
with others.

“11th.—Cloudy$ rode fishing to ponds.

Tomas Burrows

Not well ;

Jonath. Door listed

 

* “Bill up” was a bulletin for prayers, posted on the meeting-house
door with other public notices.

 

. ©14th.— Cloudy ; bill up by Sam Copps, D. Gimby (Quimby ?), Robt.
McCellis, for y™ selves bound into ye army.
“15th.—Clear; Col. Goodwin here to muster and pay men.
“16th.—Clear; rode to York in a cart.
“18th.—Soak rain last night; rode home.
“20th.—Sowd a turnip yard.
“21st.—Clear, Hot; bill up by Theobed Cowell for himself and son

" going into ye army, by Mrs. Sam Copps for sick child. H. Fall and

wife owned covenant and had child baptized.

“22d.—Clear; rode to Berwick, to Cocheco, and Berwick, where
loged at Col. Goodwins; our men with Lieut. Cowell set out for
Canada.

“ 23d.—Rode to York, and returned home with 6 Sythes bot of Ab-

* bott for 42e.

“ Aug. let.—Clear and hot. Colony fast. Bill up by Tom. Wither-
ell for a son in y¢ army and Sam Goodwin for his wife being sick.

“I1th.—Cloudy, misty. Bill up by Mrs. Cole for her husband in ye
army, and bill by L. Ricker for his wife. Should have been a baby

: ill.

“18th.—Clear. Garland mended my wheel cart. Bill up by Mrs.

' Cole for her husband siek in y® army.

“20th.—Clear and hot. Rod to rochester.
for 7s.

“28th.—No bil up. Jo Kenison buried a child.

“ Sept. 1st.—Rainy, clearing away; Baby bill by Dan Roberts, Bill
by John Jones for son in ye army.

“ 3d.—Rode to Aurundel.

“4th.—Minister’s meeting. Present, Fairchild—Coffin—Morrill—
Lyman — Lankton — Hemingway—Gilman — Tuck—Moody— Little.

Horn shod my horse

' Moody preached.

“ 8th.—Bill up by Molly Door for her husband in ye Army.

“ Oct. 2d.—Tobias Twombly here; begin to dig potatoes,

“ 6th.—Preached at Wakefield, by mr. D**s, his son dead and one
in y°army. Bill up by Molly Mills for her husband in ye army, and
for herself in trouble.

“10th.—Rode to Rochester to fast.

“ 20th.—Clear, pleasant; Baby bill by Joshua Pray and Ben Husey,

' by Abijah Stevens for son in ye army.

peas, and planted 2 bushels potatos.

‘21st.—Finished diging potatos; 50 bushel in all.

“ 27th.—Preached at Newfield.

‘28th.—Clear and cool; Rode home, dind at Wakefield; bushel of
Rye given by Capt. Copps.

“ Nov. 9th.—Bill of thanks by E. Cole for his son returned from
ye Army.

“18th.— Clear and pleasant.
& Son one bushel undes.

“23d.—Maj. Roberts and man with him here, Capt. Fisher.

“ Dec. 17th.—No snow yet.

“1777, March 1st—Pigeons about.

“3d.—Took possession of grist-mill. Purkins help run her for me,

“1778, Jan. 20th.—Betty Stanton came here to spin for us. Got
out 6} pounds of flax.

“ March 13th.—Jacob Horson rode to Mousam.

“14th.—Bill by Mrs. Cole for her husband in-ye army.

“ Apr. 22d.—Continental State fast ; no bill up.

“ May 15th.—Clear and Hot. Sowed 5 pecks flaxseed, 6 quarts
Cole died in the Army.

“ 28th.—Grist-mill took fire by friction and burned up. Rode to
Rochester to got irons of Capt. Allen.

“ Nov, 29th.—Bill of thanks by Wingate for his son’s return from
ye army.

“ Dec. 30th.—Continental Thanksgiving.

“1779, Feb. 6th.—Clear and very pleasant.
load of wood and a quarter of Rakoon.

“Mar. 20th.—Tom Goodwin made a mash tub for us.

“ 21st,—Some veal and bear by Mrs. Kenny.

“ 24th.— Began to tend ye grist-mill.

“ June 30th.—About 30 men, with oxen, fitting my house to hal.
Pleasant day. Hald my house; 120 oxen, 200 persons.

“ Sept. 29th.—Jordan opened his school.

“1781, Jan. 28th.—Clear, cool. At Twomblys p.w., and Adam ran
som spoons at Twomblys.

“ Feb. 9th.—Brot home Ben and Hannah’s shoes. Price for making,
3 pecks of corn.

“10th.—Very cold and many people froze.

Rod to Major Tibetts. Mr. Wygate

Ben. Crates brought a
JOHN S. JONES,

second son of Hiram and Joanna
(Stevens) Jones, was born on the
farm where he now resides, in
the town of Lebanon, Aug. 29,
1830. His father was a native
of Lebanon, born on the old
homestead, and his mother was
born in Acton, Me.

John S. Jones received the op-
portunities afforded by the com-
mop school in early life, and his
whole life has been spent in farm-
ing. He married, March 6, 1858,
Lucretia I’) Reynolds, of Acton,
by whom he had one son, Hiram,
who died Oct. 20, 1863, ned

four vears.  }ur his second wife

 

HitRAM JONES

he married Sarah E. Hayes, of
Lebanon, Nov. 15, 1862.

Of this union were born six
children: James Walter, John
Leslie, Etta E., Anna M., Lizzie
M., and Wilber.

His farm was purchased by his
grandfather, Ebenezer Jones, July
d, 1786, who resided on it until
his death, April 29, 1841, and
was succeeded by his son Hiram,
who carried it on until his death,
Oct. 2, 1855, when he was suc-
ceeded by the present owner, the
subject of this notice, who has
made many improvements, and
is a representative agriculturist.
This old homestead contains some

three hundred acres of land.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
TOWN OF

LEBANON. 417

 

“ Apr. 16th.—Guppy’s mill went down stream last night.

“ May 1et.—Set out 7 locust-trees and some currant-bushes; chose
militia officers in Lebanon.

“3d.—Continental and commonwealth fast. No bill up.

“June 22d.—Some coffee by Mrs, Wheelright. Bill up by Ben
Stevens for son in y® Army.

“ Dec. 6th.—Wolves killed six sheep for me.

“ 10th.— Moderate ; fell a little snow. Three Frenchmen here after
runaways.

“ Aug. 1st.—Killing frost last night.

“1785, Oct. 22d.—Great freshet. Carried away Garland’s mill.

“23d.—Grist-mill carried off last night.

“ Nov. 29th.—Hald my cog-wheel and shaft out of the river.

“ 30th.—Sam Lord froze to death last night.”

CIVIL LIST.

PROPRIETORS’ CLERKS.

Joseph Hartt, 1735-54 ;* Benjamin Chadbourne, 1755-67; Jona. C.
Chadbourne, 3 Col. Dominicus Goodwin, ——.

 

PROPRIETORS’ COMMITTEE, OR AGENTS.

1735.—Hlisha Plaisted, James Grant, Richard Lord.

1736.—Ralph Farnum, James Gerrish, Lieut. Jacob Chadbourne,
Moses Abbott, Stephen Hardison.

1737.—Lieut. Joseph Chadbourne, Abraham Lord, Ichabod Goodwin.

1738.—Abraham Lord, Lieut. J. Chadbourne, James Frost, Tobias
Leighton, Capt. Richard Lord.

1739.—Tobias Leighton, Peter Grant, Jos. Chadbourne, Abram Lord,
Nath. Gubtail.

1740.—Tobias Leighton, Peter Grant, Capt. Jos. Chadbourne, Elisha
Hill.

1742-43.—Tobias Leighton, Peter Grant, Agents.

1744.—Tobias Leighton, Peter Grant.

1748.—Thomas Wallingford, Lieut. Peter Grant, Patrick Gowen.

1750.—William Moore, Capt. Moses Butler, John Lord.

1767.—John Lord, William Rogers, Jona. Hambelton.

TOWN CLERKS.

Rev. Isaac Hasey, 1767; Joseph Farnham, Jr., 1768-86; James
Witherell, 1787-88; Thomas M. Wentworth, 1789-1803; Elihu
Hayes, Jr., 1804-18; Capt. David Jones, 1819-20; James Lord,
1821-24; Moses Rollins, 1825-28; John Hardison, 1829-30; Eb-
enezer G. Yeaton, 1831-33; Hawley A. Keay, 1834; David B.
Rowell, 1835; Elihu Hayes, 1836-37 ; Timo. L. Kimball, 1838-39 ;
James M. Hayes, 1840-42; Gershom L. Hall, 1843-44; Alvah
Parker, 1845; Thomas Wentworth, 1846; David B. Crowell, 1847;
Ebenezer Hall, 1848; Daniel Wentworth, 1849-66; James W.
Grant, 1867; James M. Hayes, 1867 ;f William A. Ricker, 1868;
Isaac Hanscomb, 1868 ;{ James M. Hayes, 1869; John R. Cham-
berlin, 1870; James W. Grant, 1871; John R. Chamberlin, 1872-
74; Frank A. Shapleigh, 1875-79.

SELECTMEN.

1767.—Tristram Copps, Joseph Farnham, Joseph Farnham, Jr.
1768.—Paul Farnham, Richard Hussey, Joseph Farnham, Sr.
1769.—Philip Door, Sr., James Corson, Ichabod Cowell.
1770.—Jobhn Kenney, Joseph Farnham, Jr., Ichabod Cowell.
1771.—Edward Burrows, Tristram Copps, John Kenney.
1772.—John Kenney, Ebenezer Lord, Tristram Copps.
1773.—Daniel Foss, Ebenezer Lord, Ichabod Cowell.
1774.—Ichabod Cowell, Joseph Farnham, Jr., Daniel Foss.
1775-76.—Tristram Copps, Ephraim Blaisdell, John Gooding.

 

* The notices for election read, “to choose a proprietors’ clerk if
they see fit,” and if they did not “see fit,” the clerk continued to hold
over, :

+ James M. Hayes was appointed town clerk by James W. Grant,
May 22, 1867, under Section 2 of Chapter xci., Revised Statutes.
The appointment is entered by Mr. Hayes and attested by himself in
the town records.

$ Appointed by elected clerk.

 

1777-78.—Ephraim Blaisdell, Samuel Copps, Enoch Blaisdell.
1779.—Peter Keay, Ichabod Cowell, Daniel Hanson.
1780.—Peter Keay, Joseph Hardison, John Kenney.
1781-82,—Benjamin Chadbourne, Tristram Copps, John Kenney.
1783,—Ebenezer Lord, Tristram Copps, Benjamin Chadbourne.
1784.—Tristram Copps, Ebenezer Lord, Jonathan Burrows.
1785.—Ichabod Cowell, Daniel Hanson, Ebenezer Lord.
1786.—Capt. John Hayes, Jonathan Burrows, Ebenezer Lord.
1787.—Thomas Wentworth, Ebenezer Lord, Jonathan Burrows.
1788-89,.—Ebenezer Lord, Daniel Hanson, Enoch Blaisdell.
1790.—Joseph Pray, Ebenezer Lord, Enoch Blaisdell.
1791-92.—Enoch Blaisdell, Samuel Wingate, Joseph Pray.
1793.—Jeremiah Libby, Daniel Hanson, Abraham Pray.
1794-95.—Daniel Wood, Joseph Pray, Daniel Hanson.
1796.—Nathaniel Chamberlain, Ezekiel Ricker, Daniel Hanson.
1797.—Nathaniel Chamberlain, Daniel Hanson, Patrick Gowen.
1798-1802.—Nathaniel Chamberlain, Daniel Hanson, Ezekiel Ricker.
1303-6.—Jonathan Y. Wentworth, Nicholas Shapleigh, Ebenezer
Ricker.
1807-8.—Nathaniel . Chamberlain, Nicholas Shapleigh, Ebenezer
Ricker.
1809.—John Rollins, Mark W. Pray, David Legro.
1810-11.—John Rollins, Jonathan Y. Wentworth, Ezekiel Ricker.
1812.—Jonathan Y. Wentworth, John Rollins.
1813-14.—Edmund Cowell, Nathan Lord, Jr., Daniel Wood.
1815.—Mark W. Pray, James Lord, Daniel Harmon, Jr.
1816-17.—Mark W. Pray, James Lord, Edmund Cowell.
1818.—Nathaniel Chamberlain, Capt. David Jones, Benj. Libby, Jr.
1819.—Daniel Wood, Edmund Cowell, James Lord.
1820.—Nathaniel Chamberlain, James Lord, Thomas Ricker.
1821-24.—Daniel Wood, Nathan Lord, Jr., Edmund Cowell.
1825-28.—Mark W. Pray, Capt. Thomas Wentworth, Charles Courson.
1829.—Thomas Wentworth, Samuel Pray, Elisha Hayes.
1830.—Caleb Emery, Samuel Pray, Elisha Hayes.
1831-33.—Caleb Emery, George Fall, Jr., Isaac Copp.
1834.—Aaron Ricker, John Lord, Jr., James Stanton.
1835.—Nahum Goodwin, Nathaniel Lord, James Stanton.
1836.—John Lord, Jesse Furbush, Abraham Hanscom.
1837.—Nahum Goodwin, Peter Jones, Nathaniel Lord.
1838-39.—Simon F. Chick, Thos. M. Wentworth, Jr., James Brackett.
1840-41.—Oliver Hanscom, David Jones, David Furbush.
1842.—Thomas Ricker, Thomas M. Wentworth, Elisha Shapleigh, Jr.
1843.—Moses Rollins, Tristram F. Goodwin, Samuel W. Jones. .
1844.—Samuel W. Jones, Tristram F. Goodwin, Ebenezer Hall.
1845.—Ebenezer Fall, Elisha Hayes, Nathaniel M. Keay.
1846.—Nathaniel W. Keay, Elisha Hayes, Jr., James Jones, Jr.
1847.—James M. Hayes, William Wentworth, Ezra W. Ricker.
1848.—James Jones, Jr., Nathaniel Butler, Samuel W. Jones.
1849.—Thomas Wentworth, James Pray, Isaac Blaisdell.
1850.—Thomas Wentworth, James Pray, Charles Courson.
1851.—Charles Courson, Thomas M. Wentworth, Nathaniel Butler.
1852.—Thomas M. Wentworth, William Emery, Jesse Furbish.
1853.—William Emery, Jesse Furbish, John Lord.
1854.—William Emery, Thomas Wentworth, Edmund E. Cowell.
1855.—Edmund E. Cowell, William A. Ricker, John H. Lord.
1856.— William A. Ricker, John H. Lord, Giles W. Furbush.
1857.—Giles W. Furbush, John C. Lord, Benjamin H. Lord.
1858.—Benjamin H. Lord, John C. Lord, Cyrus W. Hayes.
1859.—Cyrus W. Hayes, Oliver Hanscomb, Hiram G. Chamberlain.
1860.—Oliver Hanscomb, Hiram G. Chamberlain, Isaac Blaisdell.
1861.—Isaac Blaisdell, Benjamin H. Lord, Isaac H. Fall.
1862.—Benjamin H. Lord, John Mills, Isaac H. Fall.
1863.—John Mills, Thomas M. Wentworth, Frederick A. Wood.
1864.—Thos. M. Wentworth, Fred. A. Wood, Moses L. Wentworth.
1865.—Moses L. Wentworth, Isaac H. Fall, Ivory Libby.
1866.—Isaac H. Fall, Ivory Libby, James B. Stanton.
1867. James B. Stanton, Ivory Libby, John H. Loud.
1868.—Ivory Libby, Elisha Hayes, Enoch Blaisdell.
1869.—Elisha Hayes, Enoch Blaisdell, John Q. Fernald.
1870-72.—John Q. Fernald, Hiram Lord, Levi Cowell.
1873.—Levi Cowell, Eben M. Jones, John S. Jones,
1874-76.—John S. Jones, John E. Moody, Edmund E. Cowell.
1877.—John R. Chamberlain, Estes E. Cowell, Newell Goodwin.
1878,—Jobn R. Chamberlain, Newell Goodwin, David W. Varney.
1879.—David W. Varney, Charles D. Fall, Alpheus 8. Hansen.
418 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE,

 

VILLAGES AND HAMLETS.

LEBANON CENTRE.

Lebanon Centre, the seat of town government, is built
upon high, open land, sloping to the south and west. There
are here the Congregationalist church and parsonage, the
town-house, a school-house, cemetery, fifteen dwellings, the
shoe-shop of Charles Webber, established in 1876, and the
store of Daniel Wentworth, kept by him since 1847, and
previously by Alpheus Staple. Mr. Wentworth is post-
master. Mails are daily by East Lebanon stage. The name
of the post-office is Centre Lebanon.

NORTH LEBANON.

North Lebanon, two miles to the northwest, contains the
store of Isaac Hanscom, postmaster, established by Oliver
Hanscom in 1838, Baptist meeting-house, school-house,
blacksmith-shop, and eighteen dwellings. Mails daily by
stage.

EAST LEBANON.

East Lebanon, nearly two miles south of North Lebanon,
is a station on the Portland and Rochester Railroad, at the
west of a broad body of low, timbered land. At the depot,
a stock of goods is kept by Col. J. Wentworth, and a few
rods distant a large building, erected by the Union Grange,
No. 178, in 1876, stands unoccupied. It was intended to
make this a central supply-store, in the more prosperous
days of that institution. The organization still maintains
an existence. Officers (1879): J.C. Lord, Master; Enoch
P. Sherman, Sec.

LEBANON.

Lebanon comprises eighteen dwellings, a mile south of
the station at Hast Lebanon, at the site of the old academy,
thence extending a mile and a half south, along Little
River, in an unbroken row of farm-houses and dwellings,
including two school-houses, two mills, a harness-shop, and
meeting-house. The business consists of—

Saw-mill: Ivory Libby, George Wooster, James Jones,
Aaron Hanscom, and A. H. Chick, who own shares and
work “ day about.”
proved in 1866.

Grist-mill: Fred. Pierce, since 1872, formerly the “ old
Libby mill.”

Harness: Homer A. Hanscomb, established at the south
end in 1877.

Physician: Dr. John S. Parker, since 1868.

Postmaster: H. P. Noyes. Mails daily.

A store, hotel, and academy, burned here in the winter
of 1878, have neither been replaced.

WEST LEBANON.

West Lebanon contains thirty dwellings, a church, high
school, the store of Albert Goodwin, law-office of S. W.
Jones, and store of Levi Cowell, postmaster. Mails daily
by stage.

SOUTH LEBANON.

South Lebanon, the old home-lot district, and point of
first settlement in the town, contains neither store nor post-
office. There are here a dozen dwellings, the manufac-
turing shoe-shop of Edgar Wallingford, doing work for

This mill was built in 1850, and im- |

 

Dover, N. H., factories, and near by the slate quarry of
James B. Shapleigh, where blue slate of fair quality is ob-
tained. The mill of Capt. Chamberlain, in which he was
killed, formerly stood at this point. The power was aban-
doned in 1877.

MILTON THREE PONDS.

Milton Three Ponds is in New Hampshire. At this
point the Great Falls and Conway Railroad passes a quarter
of a mile through the town, and has a passenger- and
freight-station, and a half-dozen dwellings.

MANUFACTURES.

This town has no manufactories located within its limits
worthy to be called such. A few boards, shingles, and clap-
boards are made in town, but in too small quantities to
make a business. Some shoes are made by persons living
in town, but the stock is not cut here; those making shoes
taking it from the manufactories at Dover, Rochester, Mil-
ton, and Farmington.

There are extensive manufactories in the adjoining towns
of Rochester and Sanford, and at Great Falls, in the town
of Somersworth, to which places many who were formerly
inhabitants of this town have removed, and gone into busi-
ness of different kinds. Although the town has lost in the
number of its inhabitants, it has probably had some in-
crease of wealth within the last twenty or thirty years.
The buildings in town have been much improved by all
classes of residents; and probably ‘there are but few towns
in the county where the farm-houses and mechanics’ resi-
dences are superior, either in beauty or durability and con-
venience.

BURIAL-GROUNDS.

The original site of the first meeting-house is the largest
burying-yard in town. Here the Rev. Isaac Hasey, the
first minister, together with almost all the first settlers of
the town are sleeping. This ground was laid out in the
year 1800 by Nathan Lord, Samuel Jones, and Deacon
John Moody, as a town burying-ground. Two acres more
were added in 1878 by Deacon John E. Moody, including
the site of the first meeting-house, which is marked by four
low granite posts at the original corners. Hon. Thomas
M. Wentworth is buried beside his father, Thomas M.
Wentworth, Sr., on this ground, and his grave surmounted
by a granite monument rising in the place occupied by the
old family pew.

Deacons William and Nathaniel Chamberlain are buried
near by. There are many old graves scattered among the
undergrowth of brush,

Other old burial-grounds are at Centre Lebanon, Lebanon,
and near the New Hampshire line, while many groups of
family dead are resting upon the different farms.

PLACES OF HISTORIC INTEREST.

A few articles of Indian make have been found, and ad-
joining the pond, at the extreme northwest part of the town,
it has been said by the early settlers that there were appear-
ances in a few places that at some time a few families of
them had lived there.

A little to the west of the road leading from West Leb-
anon village to Acton, and one and one-half mile northward
NEWELL GOODWIN,

second son of Thomas and Betsey
(Gliddon) Goodwin, was born in
the town of Lebanon Dec. 18,
1834.

His grandfather, Reuben Good-
win, was the original proprietor
of the homestead which has been
occupied for three generations by
the Goodwin family. He settled
there prior to the war for inde-
pendence, in which he was a sol-
dier. He died Feb. 14, 1827,
aged sixty-three, and was suc-
ceeded by his son, Thomas, who
was also a farmer during his life;

was first a Democrat and after-

 

NEWELL GOODWIN.

wards a Republican, and died
May 9, 1856, aged fifty-nine.
Mr. Newell Goodwin married
Fidelia, daughter of John Blais-
dell, of West Lebanon, by whom
he has had six children, four
of whom are living,—John H.,
Nellie D., Myra E., and Carrie E.
Mr. Newell’s life has been spent as
a farmer. In polities he is a Re-
publican. For the years 1877-78
he was one of the selectmen of
the town; was justice of the
peace for seven years, and is now
a constable. He and his wife are
rembers of the Free Will Baptist
Church, and he has been clerk of

the church for some ten years.

 

  

es

     

 

    

etm

We

     
 

oN Pek ee

  
    

 

 

 
TOWN OF LEBANON. 419

 

from the village, is a remarkable cavern in a deep ravine,
called “Gully Oven,” which is considered by many as a
great natural curiosity, and has become the resort of many
visitors. Tradition says that the Indians, when on their
war expeditions from Canada to the frontier settlements,
were in the habit of seeking shelter here. During the old
French war, at a place about six miles south of this oven,
now within the limits of the town of Rochester, N. H.,
they captured Philip Door, a boy about eleven years old,
and carried him to Canada, where he remained till grown
to manhood, when he effected his escape and returned, be-
coming one of the first settlers of this town. It used to
be related by the old people, when the writer was a small
boy, that after Door’s return he used to tell many of the
incidents of his captivity, among which was one relative to
this Gully Oven. He said that he was captured in the
forenoon, while sitting astride a fence, singing a song then
popular :
“As sure as eggs are bakin’,

Tl go to Canada, and won’t return
Till Canada is taken.”

They immediately started with him and others they had
captured on their return, and that night reached this oven,
where they tarried several days before they renewed their
march to Canada.

CHURCHES.

CONGREGATIONALIST.

The proprietors were required by law to sustain public
worship, and to that end a meeting-house was ordered by
them in 1742. Owing to lack of funds it was not built
until 1753-54. The first record of a minister is that one
was hired to preach twice in 1754,—once about the middle
of May, and again in June. The next year a minister was
engaged to preach four Sabbaths. Rev. Ezra Thompson
was employed to preach four months in 1758. One of the
committee to employ a minister in 1763 was a Rev. M.
Pike, but it is not known whether he preached there. The
first settled minister was Rev. Isaac Hasey. In his diaries,
of which a series have been preserved running from 1764
to 1810, Mr. Hasey mentions Lebanon first, July 21, 1764,
where he speaks of riding “from York to Lebanon,” and
“arrived at home.” September 2d he preached at Lebanon,
after which two of his parish attended him to Berwick,
Monday morning, and “solicited me to tarry with them.”
He was at this time preaching at Rochester, N. H., and
other surrounding settlements, as occasion offered. Their
offer was accepted Jan. 26, 1765.

The ceremony of ordination was performed at the house
of Mr. Ephraim Blaisdell, June 26, 1765, and a church
covenant signed on the same day by Rev. Isaac Hasey,
Joseph Farnham, Ephraim Blaisdell, Edward Burrows,
Richard Door, and Joseph Farnham, Jr.

By the terms of his settlement, the proprietors were to
pay him $290 during the first eight years of his ministry,
and $245 per annum after the first eight years, so long as
he should continue the minister of the town ; together with
the use of the house they had built for him, and the use of
all the ministerial land in town, and the lots drawn for the

first minister.

 

_ Rev. Mr. Hasey moved with his family into the house
provided, where he lived for several years. Afterwards
the proprietors made him a present of the house. Before
this took place, however, Mr. Hasey had acquired, by pur-
chase or otherwise, two of the home-lots lying a short dis-
tance southerly from the meeting-house, and on the easterly
side of the highway. To one of these lots Mr. Hasey
moved the house, and in time he made additions to it.
Here he lived until the time of his death, in 1812. He
was ordained at the age of twenty-four, and maintained a
pastorate in town of forty-seven years. His house was
moved to the spot now occupied by the dwelling of David
G. Legro. The first birth recorded is that of his son, Isaac
Hasey, Jr., who was born June 21, 1766.

In 1771 the town voted Mr. Hasey the privilege to build
a pew in the meeting-house on the right side of the pulpit.
During the same year they voted to repair the meeting-
house, which was done the following year. The rough
seats being mostly removed from the body of the house,
their places were supplied by pews, the galleries finished,
and pews erected across one end. The pews throughout
the house were sold at auction to private individuals, and
the avails appropriated for the payment of the repairs. The
door was in the side opposite the pulpit, a row of square
box-pews running clear around, and two more were in the
body. Two broad galleries were on either side and across
the end. In this house the inhabitants statedly worshiped
until the year 1786, when settlers having located on what
was called the new road, and in the vicinity of Little River
Falls, it ceased to be in the centre of population, and the
town voted that the meetings on Lord's day should be
holden half the time at the centre of the town.

The proprietors having failed to pay the ministers’ sal-
ary, a petition was made to the General Court in 1787,
asking for such jurisdiction over the lands as should enable
them to enforce a collection. This was granted.

The inhabitants having much increased in numbers, in
1796 the town voted to erect a new meeting-house at the
centre. In pursuance of this vote, in 1798 a frame for the
meeting-house was erected and soon finished, so as to be
used for worship, when the old house was vacated. This
house was much larger than the old one, and better finished.

Rev. Mr. Hasey continued with this people for forty-eight
years as a religious teacher, so highly respected that even
now his name is held among those most dear to all the older
families of the town. He died in October, 1812, at the
age of seventy-one years.

Rev. Paul Jewett succeeded Mr. Hasey in the ministry.
He came into the town in December, 1812, was ordained
April 13, 1814, at the house of Deacon John Moody, and
was dismissed at his own request, Oct. 5, 1819. He was
successful in the ministry, and under his labors large num-
bers were added to the church. He was a man of energy
and decision. On his removal, Nicholas Shapleigh suc-
ceeded him as society clerk. During his residence in town
a lawsuit was commenced between the town and parish rel-
ative to the ministerial lands, which proved to be long and
tedious, and the cause of much strife and ill-feeling among
the inhabitants. This suit eventually terminated in favor
of the parish, giving the ministerial land to the Orthodox
422 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

REPRESENTATIVES IN GENERAL COURT.

Samuel Copps, 1772 ; Thomas M. Wentworth, 1787-92 ;
James Witherell, 1795; Thomas M. Wentworth, 1797 to
1804; David Legro, 1805-11 ; , 1812; David Legro,
1813; David Wood, Elihu Hayes, 1814; David Legyro,
1815-16; none, 1817-19.

 

PHYSICIANS.

Moses Carr, M.D., was practicing medicine here before
the Revolution. Dr. Alexander Hatch was here previous
to 1824. Among the more recent physicians have been
John Elliott, M.D., John 8. Parker, M.D., Dr. T. L.
Kimball.

 

BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES.

MELVIN WENTWORTH,

second son of Joseph C.and Betsey (Rankin) Wentworth,
was born in the town of Lebanon, June 26,1851. He
received his early education in the common school and West
Lebanon Academy, and for twenty-four terms was a teacher,
and was one of the superintending school committee from
1874 to 1879. He married, March 10, 1878, Clara,
daughter of Hiram H. Goodwin, of Lebanon, by whom
he has one child, Lilian M., born Jan. 1, 1879.

Hiram H. Goodwin was born April 3, 1827, and fol-
lowed farming through life, succeeding his father, Nathan,
on the farm, a view of which may be seen on another page
of this work. He was a Republican in politics, was a man
of firmness in opinion, good judgment, and strength of
character, and enjoyed the confidence of all who knew him.
He was a member of the Free-Will Baptist Church, and
leading in the councils of that body. He married, Jan. 1,
1850, Dorcas, daughter of Moses R. Butler, of Lebanon.
Their children are Harriet, Clara, and Elizabeth. He died
April 10, 1876. Mrs. Goodwin survives in 1879.

THOMAS M. WENTWORTH,

eldest son of Thomas M. and Rebecca (Hasey) Went-
worth, was born in Lebanon, York Co., Me. Aug. 17,

 

1795. Mrs. Wentworth is a daughter of Isaac Hasey,
who was the first settled minister in Lebanon, and for forty-
seven years preached the gospel in that town. He died
Oct. 17,1812. Mr. Wentworth received his early educa-
tion in the common school and in the academy at South
Berwick. At the age of eighteen he settled upon the farm
now owned and occupied by his niece, Miss Rebecca H.
Weld. His main business through life was farming. He
was several times selectman of the town, and for three
terms was a member of the State Legislature. He was not
a member of any church, but attended the Congregational
Church, and contributed to its interests. He died March
21,1877. His father, Thomas M., was a representative
from Lebanon in the Massachusetts Legislature for seven-
teen years prior to Maine becoming a separate State. He
was born Feb. 19, 1753, and came to Lebanon when a
young man to manage a farm for his father. He died
Nov. 9, 1841.

JOEL G. HERSOM

was born in the town of Lebanon, York Co., Me., on the
farm where he now resides, Jan. 22, 1840, being only
child of Lucius and Theodocia (Goodwin) Hersom. The
original proprietor of this farm was John Hersom, and it
has been owned by the family for four generations (Joel
G.,* Lucius,’ Stephen,? John’).

Lucius died in 1868, aged fifty-eight. Stephen died in
1841, aged fifty-eight, both having been born on this same
farm, and followed farming during their lives. Mr. Joel
G. Hersom spent his early life on the farm, and received a
good common-school education. He married, Oct. 24, 1863,
Emily J., daughter of Daniel Prescott, of Acton, York Co,
They have an only daughter, Cora T., born May 10, 1864.
In 1869, Mr. Hersom removed to Springvale, where, until
1879, he was engaged in the manufacture of boots and
shoes, and then returned to the old homestead, where he
is making improvements on his farm and carrying on agri-
cultural pursuits.

He has spent his life as an active, industrious, and pru-
dent business man, having been little connected with politics
and sectional strife. His father was a member of the Free-
Will Baptist Church.
 

MELVIN WENTWORTH. HIRAM H.GOODWIN.

 

 

 
DAYTON.

 

GENERAL DESCRIPTION.

Twat part of the town of Hollis lying south of Cook’s
Brook was incorporated as a separate town, under the name
of Dayton, April 7, 1854, and was named in honor of Day-
ton, then a prominent leader in national politics. The
town of Dayton is bounded on the north by Hollis, on the
east by Buxton and Saco, on the south by Biddeford and
Kennebunkport, and on the west by Lyman. The surface
is undulating and varied. Talcose slate in the south gives
place to coarse granite, which rises in ledges from the plains
farther north. Numerous small springs of pure water
unite in Pot-Hook and Randall’s Brooks, the principal
streams, which flow nearly across the town, and empty into
the Saco River.

Near the centre of the town a spring of pure water, fifteen
yards across, breaks through the quicksands, forming a
basin twenty feet deep, from which the boiling motion of
the water, breaking through first in one place then another
with an unceasing motion, has given to it the name of
“The Boiling Spring.” Hill's Brook, the outlet, flows
south, and empties into the Swan Pond Creek, in Bidde-
ford. The spring was much frequented by the early set-
tlers, who used its “squeaking sand” upon their floors.
The soil is good, and yields remunerative crops of grass,
corn, and grains. Fruit, particularly the apple, flourishes
well here. Hay, oats, potatoes, apples, cattle, and products
of the dairy are the chief articles of export, for which a
ready market is found in Saco and Biddeford. Many of
the original fields of the early settlers are overgrown with
groves of straggling pines, or covered with ferns. On the
plains to the north and west are large areas covered with a
vigorous second growth of white pine, yellow pine, birch,
and poplar, from which large quantities of charcoal are
burned in brick-kilns for market in the neighboring cities.

The town of Dayton originally comprised the south part
of the lands lying between the grant made by the Plymouth
Council to Oldham and Vines in 1630 on the south, and
the tract bought of the sagamore Hobinowell by Maj. Wil-
liam Phillips on the north.

These lands were purchased from Mogg Megone, an In-
dian, by Major Phillips in May, 1664. The deed was wit-
nessed by John and Mary Wakefield and recorded in 1669.
During the year Maj. Phillips sold 1500 acres on the south
to Edward Tyng, and soon after 2000 acres to Richard
Russell, of Charlestown, Mass. A tract three miles square,
joining, was sold to Maj.-Gen. John Leverett. These three
parts of the grant comprise nearly all the present limits of
Dayton.

Under a treaty made with the Penobscot Indians, in
August, 1726, by which the government of Massachusetts
agreed to establish trading-posts at convenient points, a fort

 

of hewn logs was erected about eighty rods south of Union
Falls, on the intervale, in 1728. This fort was supplied
with cannon and a garrison of ten men, under command of
a sergeant, whose duty it was to protect the trade with the
Indians. A superintendent, or truck-master, was appointed
with a salary of £120 a year, and an act was passed direct-
ing the treasurer of the province to supply the establish-
ment with goods to the amount of £800. Capt. Thomas
Smith, a merchant of Boston, Mass., was appointed truck-
master in 1737. In July, 1739, the Governor of the prov-
ince visited this fort, remaining overnight. A freshet in
1740 overflowed the intervale, forcing Capt. Smith to aban-
don his fort and seek refuge upon the higher ground. In
1744, 13 men were stationed there. Soon after the declara-
tion of war between France and England in 1745 the gar-
rison was increased to 20 men. Capt. Thomas Bradbury
was in command for a number of years. He was succeeded
by Capt. Jonathan Bean, of York. In 1759 the garrison
was abandoned, and the cannon removed to Boston. Dur-
ing its existence it was a place of refuge for the few scattered
inhabitants of the surrounding country in times of Indian
alarms. No vestige of the fort remains, but a grave-yard
near the spot where it stood points out the location.

EARLY SETTLERS AND SETTLEMENT.

The first permanent settlement was made by Andrew
Gordon, of Biddeford, and his brother, John Gordon, in
1753. Although driven away by the Indians in the out-
break which followed soon after, they returned and continued
their improvements. Johnand Edward Smith joined them
about 1760, settling on the Russell lot.

John Smith, of Biddeford, grandfather of Noah Smith,
lived near the fort on the “ Cook right,” in 1762. Na-
thaniel Buzzell, father of Isaiah, and grandfather of
Nathaniel and Lorenzo Buzzell, came from Barrington, Vt.,
and settled on the fine farm of Nathaniel Buzzell, near Mr.
Gordon’s place.

Joseph Chadbourne, Thomas Young, George Hooper,
Moses Weller, Jr., and Zebulon Gordon were living in the
town in 1781. Rev. Simon Locke, a Baptist minister,
settled in the south part of the town in 1782, but left to
become pastor of the Limington Baptist Church, over
which he was ordained in December, 1783,

John Clark, who died in 1801, aged ninety, was an early
settler, and grandfather of the present town clerk, John W.
Clark.

Many additional settlers came about 1787. In the Gor-
don neighborhood, and about Goodwin’s mill, there were
George and Tristram Hooper, Ebenezer Cleaves, John
Young, Dominicus Smith, Benjamin Emerson, Nathaniel

423
424 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

Goodwin, who built the first “ Goodwin’s Mill,” and John
Tilleson.

Farther north, Lemuel Buzzell, William Merry, Jona-
than Rumery, John Clark, Capt. Potter Page, Zachariah
Usher, John Dennett, Benjamin Newcomb, Ezekiel Brag-
don, and Aaron Stackpole.

Abner Ellison and John Smith, of Biddeford, took up
land near the fort, at $1 per acre, where their descendants,
Mrs. Betsey J. Butland, Mrs. Oliver Bickford, and Mrs.
Clifford Buzzell, still reside with their husbands.

Robert Cleaves came from Kennebunkport in 1795, with
his family, and settled a mile south of Boiling Spring. His
uncle, Israel Cleaves, had already settled half a mile south.
Their homes, like many of those of the early settlers, were
back from the roads laid out when the country became
settled. Hezekiah Drew settled near, to the southwest,
where there was a large body of natural meadow, which has
since become absorbed in cultivated farms.

Nathaniel, son of Edward Smith, was killed by a tree.
When his son Nathaniel was eight years old, Mr. Scam-
man, whom he owed $16, came and got his gun, a queen’s
arm, over six feet in length, telling the boy that when old
enough to train, he might comeand getitagain. At the age
of sixteen young Smith claimed his gun and took his place in
the ranks. This old arm, which had seen service through
two wars of the last century, is held in the family as an
heirloom.

The burying-grounds are nearly as numerous as the first
families, each one burying upon their homestead. Dr.
Samuel C. Hight and Rev. Timothy Hodgdon are buried
upon the Meserve farm. Among the olderand earlier dead
are Nathaniel Buzzell, died 1809, aged ninety-three; the
Gould, Cleaves, and Dennett families, and those in the old
burying-ground near the Goodwin mill, with its twenty-four
graves, whose head-stones are uncut, as they were taken from
the field.

LEADING INDUSTRIES AND WATER-POWERS.

At the time of settlement the valley of the Saco was
filled with a heavy growth of magnificent timber, and for
many years lumbering was the chief employment of its
occupants. It was upon this industry the permanent set-
tlers depended for their support until years of hard labor
had been expended in clearing, chopping and stumping,
planting fruit-trees and small patches of field crops, and
making rails for the ancient worm-fence. The logs, cut
between seasons of farm work, and hauled from the most
accessible points, were sawn in a mill erected upon the bank
of the Saco River, and the lumber rafted to Saco, or hauled
by ox-teams to Portland for market. Previous to the war
of 1812, Little Falls Landing was the centre of a thriving
lumber trade, supporting four or five stores. In 1807-8
the river was dammed at Union Falls, and four or five saw-
mills erected. These were operated until 1837, when they
were all swept off by the great freshet of that year. They
were not rebuilt, and the place, in consequence, became less
in importance to the surrounding country.

The privilege was purchased by the Biddeford and Saco
Water-Power Company in 1856, and a stone dam built,
which only operates a grist- and shingle-mill. At Union

 

Rapids, half a mile below the Falls, a fall of 8 or 9 feet
might be obtained by damming, giving a power of 279
horse for twenty-four hours, or 608 horse-power, equal to
24,320 spindles, for eleven hours aday. Union Falls, eight
miles above Saco by road, and twelve by the river, has a
fall of 15 feet at low water, furnishing 465 horse-power for
twenty-four, or 1000 horse-power, equal to 40,000 spindles,
for eleven hours a day. An intervale of some 60 acres below
the dam furnishes sites for the location of mills. Good
granite for building abounds within a mile of the Falls,
and an abundance of good clay for bricks is found in the
vicinity.

On Cook’s Brook, which is the northern boundary of the
town, Kimball’s Saw-Mills are located at a 40-foot fall,
furnishing sufficient power nearly the entire year. A mile
above, Cook’s saw-, grist,- and shingle-mills have for many
years derived their power from this stream. Wells’ “ Water-
Powers of Maine” gives 7 water-privileges entirely within
the limits of this town,—4 on Hill’s Brook and 3 on
Swan's Pond Brook, at Goodwin’s Mills. At these mills
there is a fall of 33 feet. At Hanson & Pierce’s Mill, a
few rods below, there is a fall of 16 fect. The two last are
occupied by the saw-, shingle-, and clapboard-mills of Simon
Pierce, and the grist-mill of Sylvester Hill, formerly Good-
win’s Mill.

VILLAGES AND HAMLETS.

Goopwin’s Mitt, on Swan Brook, six miles from Bid-
deford, contains 20 fine dwellings, part in Limington, and
is surrounded by fine cultivated farms.

Union Fauts contains half a dozen dwellings, a store
a saw-, planing-, wood-working-, and grist-mill, and in
autumn, a cider-mill, the property of Jesse G. Harmon.
This place was settled by Stephen Hopkinson, son of John
Hopkinson (2d), of Buxton, who erected the first mill in
company with Nathaniel Dunn and Pelatiah Came, in 1806.

PLACES OF HISTORIC INTEREST.

The site of the old block-house, or fort, about sixty yards
from the bank of the Saco River, is finely located for a de-
fense ; the intervale is here a quarter of a mile wide, and
thirty feet above the river bed. The ground slopes gently
to the west and south, then rises into a ridge of flat land
thirty or forty feet above the intervale, which is continued
across the river, and confined the possible use of cannon to
close quarters, in repelling a charge upon the surrounding
plain. A grove of sumac and a burying-ground mark the
spot where the fort and its surrounding palisades stood until
the present century.* This spot is said to have never been
plowed.

Jonathan Bean, who died in 1840, aged eighty-two, is
buried here, with Thomas Davis, a soldier of the Revolution,
who died in 1834, aged seventy-five, and some thirty others,
most of whose graves are unmarked.’ Jacob Bean, his grand-
son, has a huge iron key, plowed up near by, and supposed
to be the key of the block-house.

The old house of Jonathan Bean stands beside the road
two hundred and eighty yards to the westward, its roof
falling in, but still showing the style of the best frame
buildings of one hundred years ago.

 

* The block-house was stunding on the Bean farm as late as 1810.
TOWN OF DAYTON. 425

 

The grave of John Gordon, the first settler, is on the H.
F. Moore place, on the Biddeford road, near Boiling Spring.
Mr. Gordon was a very powerful, raw-boned man, six feet
and four inches tall, and possessed of great courage and
undaunted energy. He commenced the clearing near his
grave in 1753, when about nineteen years old, living with
his father at the south, or with his brother camping in the
woods, hastening across the plains to the fort when menaced
by Indians, and leaving his opening only to take up arms
at the outbreak of hostilities. He returned at the peace of
1759, and spent the remainder of his days here. He died
at the age of ninety-four years.

INCORPORATION.

This town appears to have been designed, from the first
settlement, for a separate government. May 25, 1797, a
petition, signed by Joseph Chadbourne and others, requested
the General Court to set off that part of Hollis south of
Cook’s Brook, and erect of it a separate plantation. This
action was diverted by the incorporation of the town of
Hollis the next year. It remained a part of Hollis until
April 7, 1854, when it was incorporated by act of the
Legislature, and became the town of Dayton.

The first election was held at the brick school-house, near
the store of John M. Goodwin, at Goodwin’s Landing, on
Monday, May 1, 1854. John M. Goodwin was elected
Moderator ; John S. Murch, Town Clerk ; Daniel Hill (2d),
Benjamin C. Hight, and James R. Haley, Selectmen, Asses-
sors, and Overseers of the Poor; John Smith, Treasurer ;
John M. Goodwin, Town Agent ; and Simon Meserve, Col-
lector and Constable.

A vote of thanks to John M. Goodwin, for his exertions
in getting the town incorporated, was passed; the Gould
school-house selected as the place of future elections, and
the meeting dissolved. The highest number of votes cast
for one office was 126.

The first list of jurors was made Feb. 28, 1855, and com-
prised the names of Columbus Dyer, Elisha Cleaves, David
Meserve, Asa R. Fogg, John Whitehouse, William F.
Hight, Robert Cleaves, Aaron Buzzell, Samuel L. Smith,
James Maddox, Hezekiah Young, Edgcomb Haley, Leon-
ard Ford, Cyrus Waterhouse, and Horatio Dunn.

Jesse Locke was appointed by the selectmen to sell intox-
icating liquor according to law. There is no town-house.
Elections have continued to be held in the brick school-
house since the incorporation of the town.

CIVIL LIST.
TOWN CLERKS.

John §. Murch, 1854-56; Aaron P. Buzzell, 1857-60; John S&.
Murch, 1861; Aaron P. Buzzell, 1862-63; Enoch C. Purinton,
1864; Zebulon G. Staples, 1865-67; George W. Rumery, 1868 ;
Aaron P. Buzzell, 1869-70; Rufus H. Butterfield, 1871-73;
Francis N. Clark, 1874-76; George F. Peavey, 1877-78; John
W. Clark, 1879.

SELECTMEN.

1854-56.—Daniel Hill (2d), Benjamin C. Hight, James R. Haley.
1857-58.— James R. Haley, James Maddox, Joseph Roberts.
1859.—James R. Haley, Joseph Roberts, Joshua Clark.
1860.—James R. Haley, Daniel Dyer, Jr., Alpheus Dyer.
1861,—Daniel Hill, Jr., Benjamin C. Hight, Cyrus K. Smith.
1862-63.—James R. Haley, Edgecomb Haley, Edgecomb Hill.

54

 

1864.—Zebulon G. Staples, Joseph Roberts, James Maddox.
1865-66.—James R. Haley, Horace Woodman, Josiah H. B. Buzzell.
1867.—James R. Haley, Aaron P. Buzzell, Edgecomb Hill.
1868.—Zebulon G. Staples, Aaron P. Buzzell, Alpheus Dyer.
1869.—Zebulon G. Staples, Alpheus Dyer, Benjamin C. Hight.
1870.—William Waterhouse, George H. Moore, James R. Haley.
1871.—William Waterhouse, Asa R. Fogg, James K. Huntress.
1872-73.—William Waterhouse, Asa R. Fogg, Horace Woodman.
1874.—Horace Woodman, Benjamin Whitehouse, Wm. H. Davis.
1875-76.—Benjamin Whitehouse, Horace Woodman, Stephen Me-
serve.
1877.—Wm. H. Waterhouse, Stephen Meserve, Isaiah Hill.
1878.—William H. Waterhouse, Isaiah Hill, Albert R. Dyer.
1879.—Samuel C. Hight, Albert R. Dyer, Benjamin Whitehouse.

CHURCHES.

Early surrounded by churches in the adjoining towns,
the people soon became members and gave to these their
liberal support. The first minister in the town, Rev. Simon
Locke, came in 1782, but, owing to the sparseness of the
settlement, left to become pastor of a church in Lyman.
He lived near Goodwin’s Mill for many years.

A school-house was built for joint use of schools and
meetings, and half the seats were high, old-fashioned,
boxed-in pews. This was used for many years, and finally
replaced by Rev. Timothy Hodgdon’s lower meeting-house,
which was built near the Boiling Spring in 1802-3, by
Daniel Stone, Capt. John Gould, and Joseph Smith, com-
mittee for the town. After the death of the Rev. Mr.
Hodgdon in 1875, Rev. John Hubbard, who was ordained
in this building, and Rev. Mr. Chadbourne occupied the
church as pastors. The meeting-house was sold at auction
in 1839. Noah Smith received, as the proceeds due the
pew-right of his father, John Smith, about 75 cents. The
church members united with those of neighboring churches
and dissolved their organization.

The sale of the meeting-house was considered by many at
that time as a gross imposition, and was only accounted for
by a temporary suspension of religious services. The
building was still sound and was a good church. It was
sold on the bid of a man who hurriedly entered, ascended
into the garret, and, returning as quickly, cried his bid of
$67, much to the astonishment and chagrin of those who
believed themselves interested parties.

The town has now no church, though contributing lib-
erally to the support of religious worship, both in members
and means. The lawyers, physicians, ministers, and mer-
chants reside in adjoining towns. The town had no post-
office until the Dayton post-office was openeed in the
centre of the town, with Mrs. Fannie M. Rumery post-
mistress, in 1878.

SCHOOLS.

A school-house built on the T. M. Buck farm, south of
Pot-Hook Brook in the east part of the town, was filled
with scholars, children of the first settlers, who came from
the greater part of the present town. The building, which
was abandoned about 1810, was attended by Mrs. Daniel
Smith, daughter of Robert Cleaves, as early as 1806, and
the early members of the family before her. She distinctly
remembers its heavy pews, and large open fireplace extend-
ing across one end, and speaks of it as a frame building
and very old at that time.
426 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

PROMINENT MEN.

The leading citizens of Dayton have been Capt. John
Smith and Capt. Thomas Smith, the early trader and com-
mander of the old fort. Zebulon Gordon, who was made
clerk at the first plantation election of Little Falls planta-
tion in 1781.

Hon. Jesse Locke, son of the Rev. Simon Locke, was a
leading citizen for many years. He represented his town
in the Massachusetts Legislature from 1810 to 1816.

Andrew Gordon, who settled near the fort in 1753, and
by his early settlement, hardihood, and industry, became
prominent, was killed in 1804 by a falling tree.

Robert Cleaves, Daniel Hill, James R. Haley, Benjamin

 

C. Hight, Horace Woodman, Stephen Meserve, and John
S. Murch were leading citizens at the incorporation of the

town.
REVOLUTIONARY WAR.

This town responded from its few settlers with seven
men for the patriot army. Of these were Capt. John
Smith, who had been a lieutenant under Pepperell in the
Louisbourg expedition, Jacob Rhoades, who was living in
the town until near 1870 (?), and Thomas Davis.

The people, with commendable patriotism, furnished their
quota of men and means for the war of the Rebellion, and
in 1864 voted $400 for the support of soldiers’ families
and State aid.

 

ACTON.

 

GENERAL DESCRIPTION.

THE town of Acton was formerly the western part of the
plantation of Hubbardstown and town of Shapleigh. It
is bounded on the north by Newfield, on the east by Shap-
leigh, on the south by Lebanon, and on the west by the
towns of Milton, in Stafford County, and Wakefield, in
Carroll Co., N. H. It contains 18,127 acres of land, of
which 11,000 are improved. The surface is diversified by
hills, valleys, and plains, the hills rising highest in the cen-
tre and in the northwest, where a deep, circular valley, a
mile across, has received the appropriate name of The Hop-
per, from its resemblance to the form of the hopper in a
grist-mill.

A part of the town on the east, extending to Mousam
River, was re-annexed to Shapleigh in 1831. The town
was not at right angles with the west line of the State,
because run in accordance with the old survey from the
coast. This was remedied by purchasing a gore on the
northwest from Bridget Phillips, and dividing the south
gore with Lebanon.

Acton is well watered, containing within and upon its
borders a greater area of fresh water than any other town
in the county. Its ponds are, in order of their size, North-
east Pond, partly in New Hampshire, and extending three
miles across the north end of the town; Mousam or Long
Pond, extending for three miles along its eastern boundary ;
Square Pond, between the two former, and partly in Shap-
leigh, its waters flowing into Mousam Pond; Wilson’s or
Carvin’s Pond, a third of a mile south of Northeast Pond,
covering an area of 640 acres; and Horner’s Pond, half a
mile to the east, which receives the waters of both the last-
named ponds, and discharges into the Salmon Falls River.
Balch Pond forms two miles of the boundary on the north,
and the Little Ossipee River the remainder. Salmon Falls
River is the boundary line on the west.

The soil is poor upon the plains near the ponds, but pro-

 

duces good crops of hay and grass where improved. It
improves in quality upon the higher lands and becomes
stony, but produces good crops. Apples are a leading
product, and grapes are much grown. More interest is
taken in farming than in many of the surrounding towns.

ORIGINAL LAND TITLES.

The lands comprised in the present town were awarded
to the heirs of Nicholas Shapleigh, in 1771, as a portion of
their interest in the Ossipee tract, deeded by Capt. Sunday,
Indian sagamore, to Francis Small, the trader at Kittery,
in 1668. Mr. Small had subsequently sold an interest in
the Ossipee tract to Maj. Shapleigh. The lands included
between the Great and Little Ossipee Rivers not containing
the number of square miles deeded by the sagamore, the
original town of Shapleigh was included in the survey by
James Warren, surveyor, under the direction of Joshua
Hubbard and Dependent Shapleigh, proprietors.

The title to the lands was contested by former grantees.
James Sullivan, afterwards Governor of Massachusetts,
undertook the defense for one-half of the plantation of
Limerick. He brought the case before the committee on
Eastern lands, and it was decided in his favor in a bill
passed Oct. 30, 1782. The conditions required of the
proprietors were the payment of £400 into the State
treasury, and a reservation of all lots already appropriated
by the State in accordance with their practice in making
original grants. The proprietors effected a compromise with
those who had settled upon their land without their consent,
by obtaining from them a relinquishment of all title, in re-
turn for which they granted to each twice as much land as
he had cleared, and agreed to sell to each the balance of
his lot on the payment of two dollars an acre. Most of
the town was lotted, between 1774 and 1776, by Surveyor
Warren, and a part of the land drawn by the proprietors.
In laying out two rods were left between the north and
TOWN OF ACTON. 427

 

south lines for roads. Fifty-two 300-acre lots were included
in the first drawing.

FIRST SETTLERS.

The first settlement in the town was made at what is now
Acton Corner, in the fall of 1776, by Benjamin Kimens,
Clement Steele, and John York.

Capt. William Rodgers, a proprietor of note and first
justice of the peace, built a bridge across the narrows of
Mousam Pond, and built a house about the same time.
The bridge was built previous to 1776, but the exact date
of his moving in is not known. :

John B. Hanson, of Dover, N. H., opened a road under
the direction of the propriétors in 1776, beginning at the
Lebanon line east of Goding Brook, near the Free-Will
Baptist church, and passing north past Kimens’, Steele’s,
and York's places to the Ossipee River. This work em-
ployed 12 or 15 hands some twenty days. After this road
was opened settlers came in rapidly, but many of them
selected poor lands upon the plains, or in the hills far from
neighbors, where they became discouraged and left after a
few years. These early improvements, now marked by a
rude cellar, a pile of stones from the fallen chimney, or a
few seedling apple-trees surrounded by deep forest, are most
numerous in the north part of the town. Seven of these
may be seen along the road to the north of Acton Centre,
where there are only five families yet remaining. Among
the permanent settlers were Joshua Brackett, who came in
1778, and made the first opening at South Acton Corner;
John Hussey, who settled half a mile southwest; and Ger-
shom Ricker, of Dover, N. H., who settled half a mile be-
yond in 1779.

The first mill in the town, a grist-mill, was built on Sal-
mon Fails River, near Wakefield, in 1779, by Joseph Par-
sons. For this and other services he was awarded by the
proprietors 200 acres in the third range of rights. In
February, Paul Farnham, a Revolutionary soldier, and his
sons,—Dummer, Ralph, and Paul,—came from Lebanon,
and settled near each other in the southwest corner of the
town, where Paul Farnham, Jr., afterwards lived. In
March, John Woodman, from Farmington, N. H., settled
north of the Farnhams. The place is now held by the only
descendant, who is the wife of Joseph H. Postleton.

Daniel Hurd (or Heard, as it was then spelled) came
the same year, and located on the hill, a mile south of
South Acton, where Mark C. Hurd has for years held the
post-office of that place. ’

Benjamin Drew, whose wife was the first woman to
ride into the town on horseback, settled east of the pro-
prietors’ road, near the Lebanon line. Jonathan Young
and Joseph and Samuel Sanborn, from Brinkwood, N. H.,
were early settlers. Lands were bought for $2 per acre.
Corn was hoed in as soon as land was cleared, and with
milk, game, and fish furnished the chief food of the first
settlers. All the waters were alive with salmon, so that
people were perfectly sure of catching all they desired in
their season. Before Emery's Mill was built a rude hand-
mill, on the hill at Mr. Woodman’s, ground corn for the
few people in the settlement, who came with a bag of corn,
turned the mill, and then carried home the meal.

 

In 1791 there was great interest taken in the question of
whether one or two meeting-houses should be built, and the
election of deacons and church officers became the strongest
object of political contest or local ambition. But one meet-
ing-house was built, and in this the town elections were held
from 1794 to 1801. The office of constable and collector
was a position contested for by captains, colonels, and pro-
fessional men, and was then an office of high respectability.
In 1797, Dr. C. Powers bid off the appointment for both
parishes, paying $1 in the East, and 50 cents in the West
Parish, His time was well filled by the additional work of
enforcing the destruction of thistles, which had increased
to so alarming an extent that their destruction was enforced
by a general law. By 1802 the competition had so in-
creased that Stephen Marsh paid $25 for the office. In
1828, Luther Goding paid $40 for the privilege of collect-
ing taxes and its attendant honors, and was spoken of as
the most efficient collector the town had yet appointed.
The town afterwards paid a small sum to the lowest bidder
for the office.

In 1801, John, Joshua, Peter, J oseph, and Jonathan
Grant settled near each other in the north of the town on
the highlands still occupied by their descendants. Thomas
Grant, son of Jonathan, is still living on his father’s home-
stead at an advanced age. Another family, Elisha P.
Grant, whose sons, Nehemiah and Isaiah Grant, still live on
his homestead in the south of the town, moved into the
town previous to 1800. These are two distinct families.

In 1820 there were about twenty licenses to sell strong
drink granted in the town. The temperance reform had
not then begun, but the evils of intemperance were already
felt, and in consequence of their effects against the freedom
of elections the town board prohibited the sale of intoxi-
cating drinks on town-meeting days under a penalty of per-
manent revocation of license. The law was so evaded as
to have no effect, and therefore was repealed; afterwards
the people joined willingly in the general reform which
resulted in the steady habits of the present generation.

The surplus revenue money awarded by the general gov-
ernment in 1837 was a weight upon the people of the
town until finally invested two years afterwards in a town
farm, which was bought of Aaron Hubbard for $1800.

INCORPORATION.

In March, 1825, a proposition to divide the town was
defeated by a vote of 170 to 126. In September it was
again proposed, when the meeting passed a resolve prohib-
iting any action on the subject for the next five years. To
cement the two divisions more firmly, $5000 were devoted
to the improvement of roads. The question of division
defied their enactments, and in 1828 was again brought
up. After an exciting contest, a vote of 164 to 111 de-
clared in favor of division, and Dr. R. Buck, John Bod-
well, Elisha Bodwell, Dr. William Lewis, and J. C. Libby
were appointed a committee to petition the Legislature to
make the division on nearly the old parish line. The act
of incorporation was passed March 6, 1830, and gave to
the new town of Acton 170, the most from the total num-
ber of 2950 inhabitants. The name of Acton is derived
from the locality of one of the most important contests of
428

HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

the Revolutionary war, and was given in honor of the citi-
zens of the town who had participated in that war, and of
whom Ralph Farnham was held in high esteem by his
fellow-townsmen.

All the old town elections had been held in Acton until
1801, when the honor was shared with the Eastern Parish
until it became a separate town. The first town election
of Acton was held at the Baptist meeting-house, March 22,
1830. Aaron Hubbard, Hsq., was elected Moderator ; John
Bodwell was elected Town Clerk; John Bodwell, Joseph
Dame, Samuel 8. Wood, Selectmen ; John Brackett, Treas-
The offices of constable and collector were sold at
vendue to Jethro Goodwin, for 50 cents. Rev. Clement
Parker, Rev. Charles Emerson, and Capt. Rufus W. Brack-
ett were elected School Committee; and Samuel Heard,
agent to prosecute and defend suits at law. Two thousand
five hundred dollars were voted for roads. The support of
the poor was awarded to the lowest bidder, Col. John Gar-
vin, for the ensuing year. Town-meetings were ordered to
be held alternate years in the Congregationalist and Baptist
meeting-houses until 1842, when the town-house was built.
By the act of incorporation, all town lands within the
bounds of Acton became the property of the town. All
back taxes were collected by the old town, and all appro-
priations divided equally. The town of Shapleigh retained
the records, but any citizen of Acton should have, at all
times, free access to examine and make copies or extracts
therefrom, free of expense. In April, Reuben Buck,
Aaron Hubbard, and Samuel Stacy were appointed a com-
mittee to petition for a post-office to be established near the
Baptist meeting-house. At the fall election, 203 votes
were polled.

urer.

CIVIL LIST.

TOWN CLERKS.

John Bodwell, 1830-31; Rufus W. Brackett, 1832-33; Aaron Hub-
bard, 1834-36; Asa Brackett, 1837; Aaron Hubbard, 1838-40;
Horace Bodwell, 1841-43; Stephen Merrill, 1844-47; Daniel
Watson, 1848; Gershom Ricker, 1849; Horace Bodwell, 1850-56 ;
A. D. Morrow, 1857; A.J. Lord, 1858; Mark C. Hurd, 1859-62 ;
Ira Miller, 1863-65; David Boyd, 1866; John F. Topliff, 1867-
70; Morris B. F. Dalton, 1871; Charles W. Gross, 1872-73 ;
Samuel H, Garvin, 1874-75; William E. Pillsbury, Bodwell J.
Grant. (vacancy), 1876; Bodwell J. Grant, 1877-78; Asa F.
Horne, 1879.

SELECTMEN.

1830.—John Bodwell, Joseph Dame, Samuel §. Wood.
1831.—John Bodwell, Joseph Dame, Rufus W. Brackett.
1832-33.—John Bodwell, Rufus W. Brackett, Capt. Peter Young.
1834.—John Bodwell, Rufus W. Brackett, Maj. Samuel Stacy.
1835-37.—John Bodwell, Maj. Samuel Stacy, Rufus W. Brackett.
1838.—Rufus W. Brackett, John Hubbard, Samuel Stacy.
1839.—Kufus W. Brackett, John Hubbard, Hubbard Stevens.
1840.—Rufus W. Brackett, John Hubbard, Samuel Stacy.
1841-42.—John Bodwell, Samuel Stacy, Daniel Waldron.
1843.—John Bodwell, Daniel Waldren, Hubbard Stevens.
1844.—John Bodwell, Hubbard Stevens, John Lord.
1845.—Hubbard Stevens, John Lord, Samuel Thompson.
1846.—Hubbard Stevens, Samuel Thompson, John Hemingway.
1847-48.—Hubbard Stevens, John Hemingway, Benj. Brackett (2d).
1849.—John Hemingway, Benjamin Brackett, Ebenezer Ricker.
1850.—Rufus W. Brackett, John Lord, Ebenezer Ricker.
1851.—Rufus W. Brackett, John Lord, Nathan Brackett. 2
1852-54.—Rufus W. Brackett, Benjamin Brackett, Caleb Burbank.
1855-56.—Horace Bodwell, Ebenezer Ricker, Daniel Grant.
1857.—Horace Bodwell, Ira Miller, Daniel Grant.

 

1858-60.—Richard Goding, John F. Thompson, Samuel G. Stackpole.
1861-62.—Richard H. Goding, Samuel G. Stackpole, Ira Fox.
1863.—Richard H. Goding, Mark C. Hurd, John A. Garvin.
1864~-65.—Richard H. Goding, Mark C. Hurd, Caleb W. Burbank.
1866-67. John A. Garvin, Jacob Brackett, John C. Burch.
1868.—Horace Bodwell, Caleb W. Burbank, Oliver C. Titeomb.
1869-70.—Caleb W. Burbank, Oliver C. Titcomb, John Lord.
1871-75.—Oliver C. Titcomb, Charles N. Brackett, Wm. H. Langley.
1876-77.—Charles N. Brackett, Samuel H. Garvin, Asa F. Horne.
1878.—John Lord, Edwin 8. Lary, Ira Fox.

1879.—Bodwell J. Grant, William H. Langley, George L. Prescott.

WATER-POWERS AND MANUFACTORIES.

Little Ossipee, Salmon Falls, Hubbard, Brackett, Ricker,
and Mousam Rivers furnished sufficient power to carry
saw- and grist-mills a portion of the year. At the outlet
of the Balch Pond there is sufficient fall to run a large
saw-, shingle-, and grist-mills, now the property of Edward
Hargraves. Nathaniel Balch, the man who built. the first
mill here, was buried, by his own request, on the opposite
hill. :

A fine water-power at Milton Mills is occupied on the
Acton side of the river by a large felting-mill, erected on
the site of a smaller one in 1873, the first having been de-
stroyed by fire. The present mill was erected by K. Brierly
& Son, and was exempted from local taxation for ten years.
D. H. Buffum & Co. became the proprietors and operators
in 1879. All kinds of felting goods are manufactured here,
giving employment to about 40 skilled operatives and $250,-
000 capital.

Horne’s saw- and grist-mills, at the outlet of Horne Pond,
was erected in 1830 by Benjamin Horne, and have been in
constant operation since. They are now owned by the Great
Falls Manufacturing Company.

There is also a fine water-power at the head of Salmon
Falls River.

SILVER MINES.

Silver has long been known to exist in Acton, Newfield,
and Lebanon, but the effort to find the paying leads has
not been generally successful until the opening of the shaft
at Dirigo Mine, on Goding Brook in the south part of Acton,
in 1877-78. The Silver Wave, a quarter of a mile south,
near the Lebanon line, began to yield in paying quantities in
1879, and other shafts were also sunk during that year. The
ores are very clean, and assay about $85 to the ton. Build-
ings were erected for the accommodation of the miners in
1879.

The Acton Silver Mining Company has a capital of
$500,000. The officers elected in 1879 were Hon. Geo.
Walker, President; John S. Morris, Secretary; A. A.

Dennett, Treasurer ; George Walker, George P. Westcott,

Nathan Cleaves, F. J. Rollins, Clarence Hale, Directors.

VILLAGES AND HAMLETS.
MILTON MILLS

is mostly in New Hampshire, with the post-office in that
State. There are, in Acton, 36 dwellings, more than a
third of which were erected since 1870; a jewelry-store,
opened by William Jones in 1879; shoe-shop, James
Chauley, established 1879; carriage-shop, Ira Prescott,
established 1879; the felting-mill, erected in 1873; a fine
TOWN OF ACTON. 429

 

school-house and a church. The place is finely situated in
a deep, narrow valley surrounded by forests.

ACTON.

Acton, near the centre of the town, contains 2 churches,
the town-house, 14 dwellings; John Lord’s clothing manu-
factory, established in 1879, with 5 to 8 operatives, and his
store, opened by George Stackpole in 1857, and operated by
Mr. Lord, who is also postmaster, since 1874. There are
also two blacksmith-shops, kept by Bradford Wilson and
Elijah Horne. Dr. Wm. E. Pillsbury commenced practice
here in 1874. Amasa Copp was an early merchant here.

SoutH Acron, a mile north of the post-office of that
name, is a cross-roads, with store, church, school-house,
and half a dozen dwellings.

BURIAL-GROUNDS.

The burial-grounds are numerous and well kept. The
principal ones are at Acton and at South Acton, besides
the two oldest churches. The others chiefly noticeable
are at Milton village, at the south Free-Will Baptist church,
and south of Northeast Pond, in the Horne settlement.
Many of the oldest families bury their dead in fine walled
grounds in sight of their dwellings.

CHURCHES.

CONGREGATIONALIST CHURCH Of SHAPLEIGH AND
ACTON.

In 1778 the proprietors voted to reserve 300 acres on
the east side of the Pond for the use of the Congregational
ministry, the avails of which should be used for the Con-
gregational minister settled in that parish. Also a 100-
acre lot to be reserved for the first Congregational minister
settled in the parish. After their title was confirmed, a
committee of seven was raised, consisting of Hon. B. Chad-
bourne, John Frost, Esq., Maj. Samuel Leighton, Capt.
Robert Parker, Dependent Shapleigh, James Warren, and
Benjamin Cooper, to locate the public lots from as good
land as could be found unappropriated. Aaron Hubbard,
Samuel Willey, and John Rowe were the first deacons and
clerk. Rev. Alpheus Spring, of Kittery, preached to the
first settlers as early as 1774.

A proprietary meeting-house was built on the parsonage
lot, and Aug. 18, 1794, a meeting of the town was held to
ratify their action. ‘The east side was released from any
share in its cost, and it became the property of the West
Parish. Rev. Joseph Brown became the settled pastor in
January, 1796. Elder William Godin was settled in the
Western Parish in 1806, and Elder John Chadbourne in
the Eastern Parish in 1818.

As the land remained unsold and unimproved, no efforts
to secure preaching were made for some time. An indi-
vidual entered upon the reserved church-land and used it
as his own. Suit was commenced for ejectment, and many,
apprehending a heavy bill of costs, united with the Bap-
tists. After expensive litigation, it was decided against the
individual, but he was insolvent, and the plaintiff had to
meet a large bill of costs. A society was then incorporated,
and in 1826 a small church was organized, with Rev.
Henry A. Merrill settled pastor. A house for worship

 

was commenced at the Corner, and some additions to the
church received. Mr. Merrill received the 100-acre lot
the proprietors had reserved for the first minister of this
denomination. As the parsonage-land yielded nothing, his
support was insufficient, and he left them in 1824. An
act passed the Legislature the same year authorizing the
society to sell the parsonage lot, and a board of trustees
was incorporated to hold the proceeds as a fund. This was
done, and $1650 received and invested, the income of
which was expended in temporary supplies to neighboring
pastors; but no increase to church membership was real-
ized. From 1831 to 1836, the Rev. Clark Cornish sup-
plied them statedly half the time. Through his labors a
few were added to the church. After his engagement
closed, Revs. J. Caruthers, J. Kimball, Clement Parker,
and others supplied for short periods. Mr. Amasa Loring,
from Bangor Theological Seminary, commenced preaching
here in the autumn of 1841. He was received with
favor, and June 15, 1842, was ordained over this church.
The old meeting-house, which had never been furnished,
was taken down in 1872-73, and a neat one erected on a
better location. A meeting-house was erected at Acton
Corner in 1827, and Mr. Loring closed his labors in De-
cember, 1848, but continued to supply until 1850, when
he was succeeded by Revs. William Pierce, James Fiske,
Francis P. Smith, William 8. Thompson, the present pas-
tor, who has supplied here since Jan. 1,1869. There are
now five of the old members living,—George Harper and
wife, Mrs. George Ham, and Daniel 8. Kimball and wife.

The deacons have been Samuel Willey, John Rowe,
Samuel Sanborn, Mark Buzzell, James Hubbard, Joseph
Remick, Jesse W. Sanborn, John G. Sanborn. Clerks:
Isaiah Buxton, Thomas Grant, Rev. F. P. Smith, Rev.
William S. Thompson. Present membership, 58.

The island on Syuare Pond was reserved by the proprie-
tors for the ministry, together with a lot of land containing
300 acres. This lot was sold, March 20, 1824, and by act
of Legislature divided among the ballots cast for the Con-
gregationalist, Methodist, Baptist, Free Baptist, and Union
religious societies then incorporated within the town.

BAPTIST.

A Baptist Church was formed by Rev. Nehemiah Davis
in 1781. He became the first minister, and in 1802 dedi-
cated the first house of worship, near the old Congrega-
tionalist house, erected in 1796. This house cost $1500.
The church was reorganized by Rev. William Goding, at
a meeting held at the house of Maj. Samuel Stacy, Jan. 3,
1828, and became the Baptist Church of Shapleigh and
Milton. Maj. Stacy and Charles Swasey were chosen dea-
cons. Enoch Wood was chosen clerk. There were 45
members, including Jonathan Sanborn and wife, Benjamin
and Stephen Brackett, Mark Hurd and wife, and Abel
Morrow and wife. 11 were added by baptism during the
year. In 1834, 51 members living in Milton took letters,
and formed a separate church in their own town. The
present meeting-house at South Acton was built in 1841,
and the old one afterwards torn down.

The pastors have been Willard Glover, 1828; Charles
Emerson, 1828-34; James Jameson, N. G. Littlefield,
430

HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

1845-50; Walter T. Sargent, 1850-56; William Harlin,
1856-63; G. D. Ballentine, 1864; Rev. Samson Powers,
1867; E. P. Noyes, 1871-78; Henry A. Stetson, since
November, 1878.

Deacons, John Bodwell, Benjamin Brackett, James Ross,
Nathan Brackett, David Grant, John C. Hatch. Mark C.
Hurd, the present clerk, has filled that office since 1839.
Present membership, 55.

FREE-WILL BAPTIST CHURCH.

In 1781 the settlement was visited by Elder Tozier Lord,
of Berwick, who had left the Baptists and united with
Elder Benjamin Randall at the founding of the Free-Will
Baptist Church. Meetings were held in an unfinished
building. A revival resulted in the forming of a society,
which declined on the removal of the pastor a few years
after.

The First Free-Will Baptist Church was reorganized by
Rev. Gershom Lord in 1802, and consisted of 8 members.
Samuel Runnels and Bart. Miller were first deacons, and
Elder Lord clerk. Rev. Gershom Lord was their first
preacher, and was succeeded by Humphrey Goodwin, who
was ordained in 1807, and continued to preach until his re-
moval to Hollis, in 1804. Elder David Blaisdell supplied
from 1815 to 1830.

A house of worship was built in 1818, in the west part
of the town, near Milton Mills, and replaced by a new one,

on the same ground, in 1840. Theodore Stevens became -
pastor in 1834, left in 1836, returned in 1839, and was |

succeeded, in 1843, by Elder J. Fullerton; by Horace
Stonton in 1847; and subsequently by Z. Jordan, William
Hurlin, Seth Perkins, Aaron Ayer, Dexter Waterman,
James Potter; Rev. Mr. McLain, in 1872; Hosea Quimby,
1875; and at his death, in October, 1878, by Rev. B. F.
Sherwood, present pastor. Paul Runnels, Lewis H. Witham,
and John Runnels have entered the ministry.

The clerks have been Gershom Lord, Levi Morrill, Ralph
Farnham, Asa Merrill, Nathan Merrill, Paul Runnels, John
Farnham, K. W. Brackett. Present deacons, B. Miller,
Paul Runnels, Job Ricker. Membership, 111.

THE SECOND FREE-WILL BAPTIST CHURCH.

The Second Free-Will Baptist Church was organized, a
house of worship built by the Union Society of Acton in
the south part of the town, and a meeting-house erected in
1840, under the labors of Rev. John Brooks. Joseph
Hilton and Hubbard Stevens were the first deacons.

THE METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH.

The Methodist Episcopal Church was organized, in 1826,
by Rev. William McKoy. A meeting-house was erected
at Acton Corner in 1840. Pastors, Rev. Henry Linscott,
1837; Richard H. Ford, 1838; B. F. Foster, Jesse Stone,
James Rice, James Harrington, and A. P. Sanborn.

SCHOOLS.

“ The early proprietors, in compliance with the conditions
of the commission of land-claims, set aside two lots for
schools, one of which, in Acton, was rented for a nominal
sum until 1821, when the town-agent was authorized to

lease it for five hundred years.

 

This not meeting with
success, the time was extended to nine hundred and ninety-
nine years! This land, which was near Horne Pond, was
sold soon after, and a fund created which amounted to
$501. A superintending committee of three was elected
until 1835, with a salary of 25 cents a day each for their
services. It was then voted not to allow their accounts for
the last three years. The next committee refused to serve.
In 1837 the interest of the fund was appropriated for this
purpose. The board of three was abolished in 1879, and
Charles A. Hilton chosen supervisor of schools.

One of the first school-houses was built on the hill, near
Mark Hurd’s place. It had a large open fireplace and a
wooden chimney. The school-tax and appropriations were
about $700, annually, from the incorporation of the town
until 1860, and amounted to $1293 in 1878.

ASSOCIATIONS.

SOVEREIGNS OF INDUSTRY.

Organized in March, 1877. First officers: Ivory Good-
win, President ; Benjamin F. Dalton, Clerk; Morris B. F.
Dalton, Sec. The present officers are Mark ©. Hurd,
President ; Charles N. Brackett, Vice-President; Horace
N. Farnham, Sec. A store-building was erected near
South Acton church in 1877, and opened for the sale of
goods, with M. B. F. Dalton, store-keeper. The business
has been thus far successful.

SHAPLEIGH AND ACTON AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY.

This society, organized in 1866, was founded by John
Stover, Esq., of Sanford Corner, Me., who donated $1000
to make one-half of a permanent fund, the interest of which
is devoted to sustaining fairs held alternately in Shapleigh
and Acton. The fund, of which the second $1000 were
contributed by a membership fund, reverts to the support
of schools when the fairs cease to be sustained. Each
membership is sustained by the payment of 6 per cent. on
a $10 share. The original membership was about 30 in
each town, but has since increased to over 200 each. Hon.
Horace Bodwell, of Acton, has been a leader in the enter-
prise since its organization. First officers: Horace Bodwell,
President; Enoch Bodwell, Secretary. Present officers :
Cyrus Grant, President; Horace Bodwell, Secretary. The
Acton fair-grounds and race-course are owned by thirteen
proprietors, who are members of the society.

PROMINENT MEN.

Capt: William Rogers, the first town treasurer and justice
of the peace of Shapleigh, was a man of influence and
business ability. He built the first bridge in the town, and
did much for its early improvement. He had two sons,
Andrew and Robert, who became prominent and respected
citizens. There are none of his descendants remaining.

Joshua Brackett, first town clerk of Shapleigh.

John Bodwell was the first town clerk of Acton, and in
1831 was chosen first representative from the town to the
State Legislature.

Jeremiah Emery was a representative to the convention
which met in Boston in 1788, to ratify the Constitution of
TOWN OF SHAPLEIGH. 431

 

the United States, and one of the most enterprising public
men of the county until his death.

Among the present prominent men are Horace Bodwell,
Esq., Bodwell J. Grant, John Lord, Hon. Asa F. Horne,
Edwin S. Lary, Wm. H. Langley, and Andrew F. Hilton.

PROFESSIONAL.

LAWYERS.

Calvin R. Hubbard, son of Maj. C. Hubbard, practiced
law in Springvale until his death, in 1837. John B. Bod-
well.

PHYSICIANS.

Among the physicians have been Horace Stacy, Jere-
miah C. Buck, Richard R. Ricker, Horatio Buck, Charles
P. Hubbard, and Paul C. Garvin.

MINISTERS.
Charles Dame, John Runnels, W. H. Witham, John M.
Woodbury, Ashbury C. Trafton. Catholic, Joshua M.
Young, Jonathan E. Young.

MILITARY.

REVOLUTIONARY WAR.

Ralph Farnum, one of the first settlers in the town, was
born in 1756, and served in the Continental army one year.
In the fall of 1860 he visited Boston, to take part in des-
tivities, at the invitation of prominent citizens of Massa-
chusetts, and died soon after returning home in December,

 

his life he was highly honored by his fellow-townsmen, and
is remembered by them as one of their most distinguished
citizens.

Jethro Hurd, whose family lived in the woods of Acton,
left the army after the surrender of Cornwallis, and walked
home without waiting for discharge or pay.

Moses Hubbard was a soldier of this war.

WAR OF 1812.

The supply of “town stock” was filled in 1804 by an
appropriation of $300, and the purchase of 64 pounds of
powder, 100 pounds of balls, 100 flints, and 3 camp-kettles
for each company of 64 men enrolled. Guns and bayonets
were furnished by the town for those unable to buy to train
with. In 1808, Andrew Rogers, Thomas Drew, and Jon-
athan Young were appointed a committee to petition the
President of the United States against the embargo. The
militia, who were called out in 1814 to defend the coast
when menaced by the British fleet, were hastily equipped
and supplied with three days’ rations. The service required,
though short and not dangerous, was sufficient to evince
the patriotism of the town of Acton.

Among the soldiers of this war were Heard Brackett,
Samuel Drew, Phineas Wentworth, John Drew, and others
mentioned under the quota of the town of Shapleigh.

Ebenezer Ricker was a soldier from Acton in the Florida
war, and was discharged before the expiration of his term
of service, to take a civil position under the United States

1860, at the age of one hundred and four years. During ' Government.
tox:

 

SHA PLEIGH.

 

GENERAL DESCRIPTION.

SHAPLEIGH contained originally 32,150 acres, but was
afterwards reduced about one-half by the erection of the
town of Acton from its western half, and the annexation of
a part of the north end to Newfield. It is bounded on the
north by Newfield, on the east by Waterborough and Al-
fred, on the south by Sanford, and on the west by Acton.
Mousam Pond, nearly five miles in length, on its western
border, is the largest body of water wholly within the
county. Square Pond, the next in size, lies half a mile to
the northwest, and partly within the town of Acton. These
ponds form the head-waters of the Mousam River, which
flows southwest through Sanford and Kennebunk, and
empties into the ocean. Granny Kent, Sly Beaver, and
two lesser ponds in the north are surrounded by plains, con-
stituting nearly one-third of the town. Bump-Box Brook
and the two branches of Heath Brook are the main water-
courses. The southern and central parts are diversified by
low marshes, arable swells or light ridges, and precipitous

 

hills. The soil upon the plains is poor, but adapted to
grass, while the higher lands produce fair crops of corn,
wheat, and rye, richer grasses, and abundant crops of apples
and other hardy fruits. Cider has been a leading product
for many years. Since 1870 the foreign demand for fruit
has made apples a leading product.

The soil abounds in iron from the disintegrating rock.
Coarse granite and quartz are abundant, and many indica-
tions of mineral deposits are found. Some specimens of
galena and silver ores were obtained from rock blasted in
sinking a well at Emery’s Mills, in the southwest corner, in
1879.

LAND TITLES.

The lands included in the present towns of Acton and
Shapleigh were at first supposed to be a part of the Ossipee
purchase of Francis Small. The Ossipee lands lay between
the Great and Little Ossipee Rivers, and were bought of
the sagamore of Newichawannock, Capt. Sunday, in 1668.
Maj. Nicholas Shapleigh, of Kittery, purchased an interest
432 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

from Mr. Small, but the deed being lost and not recorded,
no attempt was made to occupy these lands until the dis-
covery of the old deed, in 1770, by the descendants of Mr.
Small, when the heirs of the two proprietors at once had it
placed upon record* and proceeded to establish their claims.

Under the direction of Joshua Hubbard and Dependent
Shapleigh, committee, the lands were run out in tracts by
James Warren, surveyor. A partition was effected Aug.
5, 1771, and the Shapleigh heirs were assigned Parsons-
field, half of Limerick, and a body of land lying south of
the Little Ossipee River, to which they gave the name of
Hubbardstown Plantation, in honor of Joshua Hubbard.
The title to this land was only sustained by a liberal inter-
pretation of the deed, which called for more than was
included within the boundaries described. The previous
grantees, heirs of Mason and Gorges, contested their title,
and the case was brought before the committee on Eastern
Lands, who, after carefully considering the matter, reported
a bill confirming their claims to the territory “ on condition
they reserve the lots already appropriated for public use,
and pay Four Hundred Pounds into the State treasury.”

The bill was passed Oct. 30, 1782, and signed by Gov-
ernor John Hancock. The proprietors afterwards purchased
from the heirs of Maj. William Phillips a piece containing
some six or eight hundred acres, in the northeast corner,—
since annexed to Newfield,—for £60. In 1774 and 1776
most of the town was surveyed and laid out in lots by Joseph
Warren, assisted by Gilbert Warren and Joseph Hasty,
chainmen, after which they were drawn for by the proprie-
tors. Lands proving to be of inferior quality were made
up to the person drawing by additional land from the unap-
propriated lots.f Strips three rods wide, running north
and south, were left between ranges for roads. The ranges
commence at the southwest corner of Acton and number
east. The lots commence numbering at the south.

Previous to the decision of the title in 1782, about 40
persons had settled in the eastern part of the town, and
made improvements. They claimed no title to their lands,
but were voted by the proprietors the opening each had
cleared, and an equal number of acres of wild land adjoin-
ing, with the privilege of buying the remaining portions of
the lots upon which they were located at $2 an acre. They
were required to sign a relinquishment of all other lands
in the plantation.

 

* York County Record of Deeds, Book 42, page 239.

ft The following is list of the proprietors, lawful heirs of Maj.
Nicholas Shapleigh, at the time of drawing, as shown by the propric-
tors’ record. The name of Rev. Mr. Foster, which appears among
those of the proprietors in their business transactions, was not re-
corded in this list: Samuel Shapleigh, John Shapleigh, Elisha Shap-
leigh, Dependent Shapleigh, James Shapleigh, Joshua Hubbard,
' Nathan Bartlett, Jr, Simon Jenness, Jonathan Sayward, Esq., Hon.
James Sullivan, Daniel Moulton, James Gowen, Hon. Edward Cutts,
Jonathan Moulton, Capt. John Frost, Deacon William Leighton, Jona-
than C. Chadbourne, Alexander Scammel, William Frost, Capt. Samuel
Stacy, Samuel Jenness, Moses Hanscomb, Dr. David Pierce, Rey.
Alpheus Spring, Capt. John H. Bartlett, Nathaniel Remick, Capt.
Philip Hubbard, Gen. Ichabod Goodwin, Capt. James Garvin, Hum-
phrey Scamman, Jr., Nicholas Scamman, William Stacy, Dennis Fer-
nald, Capt. William Rogers, Robert Rogers, Deacon John Hill, Maj.
Samuel Leighton, William Parsons, Tobias Fernald, Jr., Mark Fer-
nald, Robert Parker, Andrew P. Fernald, Hon. Benjamin Chadbourne.

 

EARLY SETTLEMENT.

The first white men who penetrated the forests of Shap-
leigh were in pursuit of game and timber. The original
growth consisted of tall pines and oaks, rising far beyond
the present growth comprising the second forests. The
large pines fit for masts and oaks suitable for ship-building
were marked with the mark of the royal navy by British
officers, to show the early settlers that they were reserved,
and could not be endangered by the necessary work of
opening the first clearings for future homes. Hence, there
was no occupation of many fine bodies of land before the
war which released these wooden sentinels of their guard,
and the hardy citizens from British rule. These forests
were teeming with game, whose subsistence was found upon
the open, low meadows, beside the lakes, and in the forests
abounding with beech-nuts, acorns, and berries. Moose,
deer, bear, and fur-bearing animals tempted the hunter,
who brought home glowing accounts of the soil, meadows,
and easily-cleared hardwood lands, and returning made their
homes in rude log cabins, where life could be sustained with
the least amount of labor, with little regard to the title of
the lands.

In 1772, Simon Emery, of Berwick, built a dam across
the Mousam River at the outlet of the lower pond, and
erected a saw-mill. Two hundred acres of land were laid
out for him on the east side of the river in September.
His was the first building in the town of which any record
is given. The place is described in a survey made in 1778
as the place “‘ where there was a saw- mill.”

Joseph Jellison and his son Joseph moved in early in
the spring of 1773, and began the first clearing below the
mill, Building a cabin of logs, they returned to Doughty's
Falls for their household goods. Roads were poor, and but
little could be brought at a load in their ox-cart. Taking
some provisions, and his daughter, eleven years old, with
the first load, Mr. Jellison left her in charge, with his dog
for company, intending to return with another load the next
day. A heavy snow-storm came on during the night, pre-
venting his return, and making all travel impossible. It
was not until she had passed two weeks alone in the woods
with her faithful dog that her friends could get through
the snow to her aid.

James Davis and William Stanley came from Kittery
with their families in the spring of 1774, and settled on:
Stanley Ridge. William Stanley, Jr., the first white child
born in the town, was born here previous to 1782.

George Ham came in 1775, bringing with him several
workmen to assist in clearing land. One of these, a Mr.
Hammond, was killed soon after his arrival by a falling
tree. This was the ‘first death in the town. John Patch
and James Sayward, neighbors of Mr. Ham in Kittery,
followed him soon after, and settled near. Mr. Sayward
was grandfather of Deacon James Sayward, a prominent
citizen of Shapleigh. Capt. Philip Hubbard, one of the
proprietors, was among the earliest settlers.

A meeting of the proprietors was held in 1778, at which
a census of the inhabitants was reported, and 150 acres of
land set aside for the support of schools. Simon Emery
was voted the lot upon which he had built his mill. Dom-
inicus and Ichabod Goodwin, who had bought out the
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EDMUND GOODWIN,

sixth son of Aaron and Sally (Hurd) Goodwin,
was born in the town of Acton (formerly Shapleigh)
Sept. 3, 1818.

County.

His parents were natives of York
His father gave his attention chiefly to
agricultural pursuits, and spent the greater part of
his lifein the town of Acton, where he died in
1851. His wife survived him some twenty years.
Mr. Goodwin in early life learned the carpenter
and joiner’s trade, and built many of the residences
about Emery’s Mills, where he now resides. In
1841, with a limited capital, he settled at Emery’s
Mills, and for ten years gave his attention to his
trade. He then commenced dealing in lumber,
which proving remunerative, he became a manu-
facturer and dealer in shooks for the Cuba market,
In 1862 he erected

In all

which business he continues.

a saw-mill, which is in operation in 1879.

 

he employs about twenty men the year round, and
carries on an enterprising and successful business.
He is thorough, industrious, and a man of good
executive ability, and manages his business judi-
ciously and systematically. He has been for sev-
eral years selectman of the town, and for eleven
years overseer of the poor.

In 1879, Mr. Goodwin was appointed trial justice,
which office he justly merits and fills with credit
to himself and to his friends. He is a member of
the Baptist Church, is one of its deacons, and is
clerk of the church. He has mostly been identi-
fied with the Democratic party. He married, March
27, 1841, Hannah P., daughter of John Webber,
of Emery’s Mills. Their children are Eben M.,
Leroy P., Orin P., Octavius A., Edmund E., John

W., Celestia A.
TOWN OF SHAPLEIGH. 433

 

Jellisons, received a large tract and one-half the Emery
mill-privilege, on the payment of £60. Capt. Joshua
Trafton and Samuel Trafton, who had lost an arm in the
Revolutionary war, were each granted 100 acres in range 1.
Nathaniel Kent, a blind man, was awarded four times as
much as he had cleared on the piece he had taken up near
the Little Ossipee. Joseph Jellison received 300 acres,
and his son, Joseph Jellison, Jr., received 200 acres of land
for being the first settlers in the town.

In 1781, 100 acres each were granted to Gilbert Warren,
Joseph Hasty, and Darling Huntress, upon which they
settled soon after.

In accordance with the vote of the proprietors, the follow-
ing persons, who had settled in the town previous to 1782,
were granted lands:

On range No. 1.—John Giles, 30 acres; John Davis,
37 acres; Joseph Giles and Joseph Giles, Jr., 50 acres;
Daniel Giles, 90 acres; Joseph Moody, 24 acres; Nathaniel
Thing, 35 acres; Ebenezer Ham, 30 acres; Wm. Thomp-
son, 40 acres; Benjamin Webber, 8 acres.

Range No. 2.—Samuel Low, 30 acres; Brazilai Low, 16
acres; William Stone, 31 acres; Stephen Pillsbury, 54
acres; Benjamin Crockett, 30 acres; James Davis, 20 acres;
Jotham Trafton, 12 acres; Deacon Jonathan Ross, 16 acres;
Benjamin Goodwin, 40 acres; Deacon Thomas Shackley,
40 acres; Charles Emery, 40 acres.

Range No. 3.—James Davis, Jr., 12 acres; David Tiney,
16 acres; Richard Tiney, 12 acres; Joseph Tiney, 30 acres;
Benjamin Abbott, 20 acres; Moses Abbott, 20 acres; Gil-
bert Warren, Jr., 6 acres; Edmund Neal, 40 acres; James
Sayward, 25 acres; Samuel Patch, 10 acres; Jos. Welch,
16 acres; John Patch, 15 acres; Daniel Wilson, 40 acres ;
George Ham, 144 acres; Nathaniel Kent, the blind man,
39 acres; Joseph Jones, 10 acres; Jethro Smith, 6 acres;
Abigail Kent, 6 acres; David Maxwell, Jr., 14 acres.

William Stanley, one of the first settlers, Simon Rich-
ards, and Saul Emery, Jr., refused to sign the relinquish-
ment, and received no land.

The census of 1778 gives the following names, which in
most cases differ from those given above as receiving land-
grants four years after: Moses Abbott, William Bean, John
Carr, Benjamin Connor, Daniel Cook, Jonathan Copp, John
Connor, Benjamin Drew, Philip Durgin, Jeremiah Emery,
Paul Farnham, Ralph Farnham, John Gelman, Joseph
Goodwin, Capt. Zebulon Gilman, Jonathan Gilman, Jere-
miah Gilman, Bartholomew Gould, Thomas Horn, John
Hussey, George Ham, Jonathan Heard, Reuben Hussey,
Capt. Philip Hubbard, David Jewitt, Elisha James, Benja-
min King, Moses Leverett, John Legrow, Jonathan Moody,
Ham Nason, John Patch, Joseph Remick, John Rowe,
John Stacy, Clement Steele, Eleazer Tibbetts, Samuel
Willey, Daniel Veazy, John York, John York, Jr.

INCORPORATION.

The town of Shapleigh was incorporated March 5, 1785,
and named in honor of its original proprietor, Maj. Nicholas
Shapleigh. It was previously known by the name of
Hubbard’s-town, having taken that name from Joshua
Hubbard, one of Maj. Shapleigh’s heirs, and a leading
proprietor. Shapleigh was the thirty-fifth town incorpo-

55

 

rated in the district of Maine. There were more than 100
ratable polls in the town at that date.

The first election for town officers was held in the West
Parish (now Acton), May 3, 1785, under a warrant issued
to Benjamin Chadbourne, Esq. John Cook was Moderator
of the meeting. Joshua Brackett was elected Town Clerk ;
John Cook, Simon Ricker, and Joshua Brackett, Select-
men; William Rodgers, Treasurer; Josiah Megoon, Con-
stable on the west side of the pond, with a salary of $28;
Ebenezer Ham, Constable on the east side, with a salary of
$11; Joseph Remick, Wm. Thompson, Simon Ricker,
Jonathan Gillman, Jethro Heard, Abraham Pugsley, Ralph
Farnham, Benjamin Goodwin, James Hubbard, and Samuel
Sanborn, Surveyors of Highways; Stephen Pillsbury, John
Murray, Hog-Reeves ; Joshua Brackett, Lot-Layer ; Stephen
Libby, Leather-Sealer.

Owing to a range of ponds and barren plains extending
through its centre, the town was divided into the eastern
and western parishes, with separate collectors of town taxes
in each. Elections were held in the West Parish at the
house of William Rogers, one of the heaviest landholders
of the town, until 1801, when the first election in the Hast
Parish was held at the house of Capt. J. H. Bartlett, and
afterwards in the town meeting-house. After 1807, elec-
tions were held alternately in each parish, and from 1812
to 1845 in the Baptist meeting-house. The town-house
was first used in 1847.

The Western Parish was incorporated as a separate town,
under the name of Acton, March 6, 1830. In June,
1844, some 600 or 800 acres joining the Little Ossipee
River, and including Picket Mountain and Poverty Pond,
were annexed to the town of Newfield. That part of the
town west of the Mousam River was returned from Acton
in 1831.

CIVIL LIST.

TOWN CLERKS.

Joshua Brackett, 1785-97; Aaron Hubbard, 1798; Joshua Brackett,
1799-1800; Andrew Rogers, Esq., 1801-2; Josiah Perkins
Woodbury, 1803; John Bodwell, Jr., 1804-19 ; William Trafton,
1820-35; Joseph Gilpatrick, 1836; Elisha Bodwell, 1837-42;
Thomas Garvin, 1843 ; Elisha Bodwell, 1844 ; Moses Goodwin, Jr.,
1845-46; Elisha Bodwell, 1847-55; Samuel Hasty, 1856-58 ;
Enoch W. Bodwell, 1859; James E. Coffin, 1860-61; Samuel
Hasty, 1862; Enoch W. Bodwell, 1863-65; Andrew B. Ross,
1866; Ivory S. Lord, 1867; Andrew B. Ross, 1868-71; Enoch
W. Bodwell, 1872-76; Edwin A. Moulton, 1877-79.

SELECTMEN.

1785-86.—John Cook, Simon Ricker, Joshua Brackett.
1787.—John Cook, Capt. Joshua Trafton, Joshua Brackett.
1788-89.—John Cook, Simon Ricker, Joshua Brackett.
1790.—Simon Ricker, Joshua Brackett, Nathan Goodwin.
1791.—John Cook, Nathaniel Coffin, Aaron Hubbard.
1792-93.—John Cook, Joshua Brackett, Simon Ricker.
1794,—Joshua Brackett, John Bartlett, Nathan Goodwin.
1795.—John Cook, Joshua Brackett, John Bartlett.
1796-98.—John Bodwell, Jeremiah Emery, Aaron Hubbard.
1799.—Aaron Hubbard, Jeremiah Emery, Nathan Goodwin.
1800.—Aaron Hubbard, Jeremiah Emery, Daniel Fox.
1801.—Jeremiah Emery, Nathan Goodwin, Darling Huntress.
1802.—Jeremiah Emery, Nathan Goodwin, Moses Folsum.
1803.—Aaron Hubbard, Andrew Rogers, Darling Huntress.
1804.—John Bodwell, Paul Garvin, Nathan Goodwin.
1805-6.—Jeremiah Emery, John Bodwell, Nathan Goodwin.
1807.—Jeremiah Emery, Nathan Goodwin, John Leighton.
434 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

1808-9.—John Bodwell, Jr., John Leighton, Moses Jellison.
1810.—John Leighton, John Bodwell, Jr., Jeremiah Emery, Esq.
1811-15.—John Bodwell, Jr., Abraham Cassell, Nathan Goodwin.
1816.—John Bodwell, John Webber, Enoch Wood.
1817-19.—John Bodwell, Simon Ross, Samuel Hurd.
1820.—Maj. Aaron Hubbard, Stephen Pillsbury, John Bodwell.
1821-22.—John Bodwell, Simon Ross, Samuel Hurd.
1823.—John Bodwell, Simon Ross, Stephen Pillsbury.
1824.—John Bodwell, Simon Ross, Samuel Hurd.

1825.—John Bodwell, Simon Ross, Stephen Pillsbury.
1826.—John Bodwell, Simon Ross, Maj. Aaron Hubbard.
1827.—Stephen Pillsbury, Moses Hemingway, William Trafton.
1828-29.—John Bodwell, Simon Ross, Enoch Wood.
1830.—Simon Ross, Elisha Bodwell, John Webber.
1831.—Simon Ross, Elisha Bodwell, Capt. John Ricker.
1832-34.—Simon Ross; Elisha Bodwell, John Ricker.
1835.—Elisha Bodwell, John Ricker, William Sayward.
1836.—Simon Ross, William Sayward, John Treat Paine, Esq.
1837.—Simon Ross, William Sayward, John Ricker.
1838.—Elisha Bodwell, John Ricker, Samuel Thing.
1839.—Elisha Bodwell, Samuel Thing, Elihu Webber.
1840.—Samuel Thing, Elihu Webber, Thomas Garvin.
1841.—Elisha Bodwell, Elihu Webber, Thomas Garvin.

1842.— Elisha Bodwell, Samuel Roberts, John Goodwin.
1843.—Samuel Roberts, John Goodwin, Thomas Garvin.
1844,—Elisha Bodwell, Stephen Garvin, John Goodwin.
1845.—Joseph Gilpatrick, Abijah Littlefield, George Hurd.
1846.—Stephen Garvin, John Goodwin, William Gilpatrick.
1847.—Elihu Webber, Levi Bragdon, Morris S. H. Stanley.
1848.—Levi Bragdon, Morris S. H. Stanley, Moses Goodwin, Jr.
1849.—Moses Goodwin, Jr., Thomas Garvin, Luther Thompson.
1850.—Moses Goodwin, Jr., Ivory Bragdon, John N. Garvin.
1851.—Ivory Bragdon, John N. Garvin, Edmund Goodwin.
1852-53.—Elisha Bodwell, Edmund Goodwin, Elias Ham.
1854-55.—John N. Garvin, Thomas Low, Ivory Hall.
1856.—Samuel Hasty, Nathaniel Ferguson, Lyman Hooper.
1857.—Samuel Hasty, Rosewell F. Abbott, Bradford Ross.
1858.—Rosewell F. Abbott, Bradford Ross, Andrew B. Ross.
1859.—Andrew B. Ross, John Goodwin, James M. Trafton.
1860.—John N. Garvin, John Hemingway, Samuel Thing.
1861.—Levi Bragdon, Thomas Low, Samuel Thing.
1862-63.—Andrew B. Ross, Bradford Ross, Lebeus Grant.
1864-65.—Andrew B. Ross, Bradford Ross, John Goodwin.
1866-68.—Andrew B. Ross, Edmund Goodwin, Isaiah Ham.
1869-70.—Edmund Goodwin, Isaiah Ham, Mareus L. Ham.
1871.—Andrew B. Ross, John Goodwin, Sewall Morrison.
1872-74.—Andrew B. Ross, Thomas Low, John N. Garvin.
1875.—Bradford Ross, Hosea S. Merrifield, John Low.
1876.—Alfred Hull, Bradford Ross, Timothy F. Pike.
1877.—Charles Staples, Howard A. Stanley, Edwin J. Plum.
1878-79.—Edmund A. Goodwin, John N. Garvin, Amaziah Littlefield.

WATER-POWERS.

This town has some good water-powers, the best of which
are Emery’s Mills, upon the Mousam River, near the foot of
Mousam Pond. The fall is fourteen feet, and is occupied
by saw-, shingle-, and planing-mills ; but a small portion of
the power is used. Good sites exist, with plenty of good
stone and lumber for building purposes. Three ponds,
Mousam, Square, and Loon, constitute natural reservoirs,
from which this power is derived. Their combined area is
2528 acres, as follows: Mousam, 1760; Square, 640; and
Loon, 128. Suitable dams erected at the outlets of each
of these ponds would give storage to a large amount. The
Portland and Rochester Railroad comes within three miles.
A short distance below, on the same stream, is another
privilege unoccupied. On the Little Ossipee are three
powers, as follows: “‘ Hargraves’ Woolen-Mills,” with a fall
of eleven feet, reckoned at 3200 spindles. Kighty rods
below is a fall of fourteen feet, called Twombly’s Privilege,

 

occupied by a shingle-mill. About fifty rods below another
fall of eighteen feet. The two last powers are owned by
the Newfield Paper Company. Balch Pond forms a natural
reservoir, with an area of 1600 acres. A dam at its outlet
gives a head of ten feet. There are a few other small powers.

VILLAGES AND HAMLETS.

The four principal settlements in the town are Emery’s
Mills and Shapleigh Corner, on the west side, near Mousam
Pond; Ross Corner, on the east line; and North Shapleigh,
on the north line, beside Little Ossipee River. There is a
post-office, having daily mail and stage lines, at each place.

SHAPLEIGH CORNER.

Shapleigh Corner, the most central village, is the seat of
town government, and contains a fine wooden town-house,
a church, high school, common school, and twenty-four
dwellings. A thriving trade is conducted with the sur-
rounding country. The business consists of the general
store and custom shoe-shop of Thomas Ricker, established
in 1865; store of Charles M. Abbott, established by Elisha.

’ Bodwell, who was a prominent citizen, and held the office

of town clerk here as early as 1837. Mr. Abbott became
the proprietor in 1878, and is present postmaster. Mails
are received by Springvale and North Shapleigh stage.
Daniel Newbegin opened a blacksmith-shop here in 1876.

EMERY’S MILLS.

Emery’s Mills received its name from the mill erected by
Simon Emery, a few rods below the church, previous to
any other improvement or permanent occupation of lands
in the town. The place contains eighteen dwellings and a
church. The business consists of the saw-mill and general
wood-working machinery of Edmund Goodwin, on the site
of the old mill; clothing manufactory of H. 8. & 0. W.
Merrifield, established by Hosea 8. Merrifield in 1873, and
employing six to eight operatives in the shop; the stores
of H. 8. & C. W. Merrifield, opened in 1875, and John
Hemingway, opened in 1878. J. Hubbard, Esq., was a
merchant here for many years previous. John Heming-
way is postmaster.

ROSS CORNER.

Ross Corner, on the western side of a long, narrow val-
ley at the east line, contains sixteen dwellings, a church,
and the stores of S. Lord, established 1868; M. J. Emery,
established 1866; and until quite recently, the store of O.
R. Ross, successor to Andrew B. Ross, from whose father
the place takes its name. A. Littlefield has a patent evap-
orator here, erected in 1879, for drying fruit. Dr. L. W.
Leighton, a prominent resident physician for some years, is
postmaster.

NORTH SHAPLEIGH.

North Shapleigh is a compact manufacturing village,
containing twenty-four neat dwellings, a church, a fine large
school-house, three factories, and two stores. It is closely
surrounded by timbered hills, except to the westward, where
the open lake extends from the factory to the hills, half a
mile distant. In the early settlement an iron-smelting fur-
 

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DD PUGAT?
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IVORY BRAGDON,

eldest son of William and Sally (Coffin) Bragdon,
was born in the town of Shapleigh May 16, 1809.
His parents were both natives of Shapleigh. Mr.
Bragdon spent his minority at home and received a
common-school education. He married, June 27,
1830, Susan Garvin, of Shapleigh. Of this union
were born five children, four of whom are living,
viz.: Eliza, wife of John Leavitt, died March 14,

1860; Caroline, wife of Samuel G. Pillsbury, of

Long Island, Kansas; William H., M.D., of North
Conway, N. H.; Mary E., and George H.

Mr. Bragdon has followed farming during his life.
He took an interest in politics in early manhood, and
at the age of thirty was elected treasurer of the town
of Shapleigh, which office he held for four years.
He was a member of the Legislature in 1843, sub-
sequently town treasurer, and for two years follow-
ing 1850 selectinan. Jor some forty years he was a
member of the Baptist Church and for several years
a deacon of the church. He was a liberal supporter
of church and educational interests, charitable and
kind, and enjoyed the confidence and esteem of all

who knew him.

LEVI BRAGDON,

second son of Arthur and Eleanor (Preble) Brag-
don, was born in the town of Shapleigh June 24,

LEVI BRAGDON.

1800. His parents were both natives of York, in
York Co., Me.

His father served in the Revolutionary war, spent
the most part of his life as a farmer, and died in
Shapleigh in September, 1833. He was a member
of the Congregational Church. Levi Bragdon spent
his early life on the farm where he now resides, and
was educated in the common school and at Limerick
Academy. He married Ann Namas, of Great Falls,
N. H. She was a daughter of James Namas, and
died in January, 1834. Second, he married Elizabeth,
daughter of Ezekiel and Ann (Pray) Worster, a
native of Berwick, Me.

Mr. Bragdon is a Republican, has held several
offices of responsibility in the town, and served in
the Legislature in 1840-41, and at an extra session
in the following spring. He is identified as an active
member of the Methodist Church, to which his wife
also belongs.

Mr. Bragdon is a genial, kind-hearted man. His
life has been spent in usefulness to his fellow-citizens,
and, whether as a teacher during his early manhood,
as the highest officer of his town, or as a legislator,
he has always discharged the duties incumbent upon
him with fidelity to those whom he represented.
Now eighty years of age, his well-preserved body
and sound mind show correct habits and a robust

constitution. His wife was born Feb, 15, 1799, and

still survives.
TOWN OF SHAPLEIGH.

435

 

nace was erected here, but abandoned soon after its comple-
tion. The business consists of the clothing manufactory
of Joseph Miller, established in 1872, and employing three
operatives in shop; grocery-store of Joseph Miller, opened
in 1872. ,

General store: J. E. Coffin, established by O. R. Ross
& Son, previous to 1848.

Hargraves’ Woolen-Mill: Blue blouse flannels and cassi-
meres, Edward Hargraves, proprietor; Thomas H. Roberts,
agent. This establishment is an outgrowth of a custom
carding- and woolen-mill, erected by John Hargraves in
1844. Two sets of spindles were added, and afterwards
the present proprietor increased the number to four sets of
1600 spindles, and employs from 60 to 75 operatives.

Leather-board manufactory: F. H. Hargraves & Co.,
for the manufacture of artificial leather from leather scraps
and other materials; employs ten operatives, making about
one and one-half tons of leather daily.

J. E. Coffin is postmaster,—mails by stage daily from
Wakefield, N. H., and Springvale.

There is here a cornet band, organized in 1877, by John
F. Reed, leader; a Good Templars’ Lodge; and there was
in 1873 a Children’s Cold Water Temple, which was very
popular and successful.

BURIAL-GROUNDS.

The Shapleigh burial-grounds are scattered about the
town on the homesteads of the early settlers, but are by no
means neglected. Nearly every old settlement has its little
walled inclosure from fifty to one hundred feet square, the
walls of which are well built to a height of three feet, and
the inclosures filled in with earth to the height of the wall,
making a lasting monument or mound, upon which are set
the customary grave-stones and monuments.

PLACES OF HISTORIC INTEREST.

Emery’s Mills, as the point of first settlement, was at that
time the extreme point in the backwoods from the coast,
and was penetrated to only on foot or by the most tedious
roads, but when once here living was comparatively easy.
As late as the commencement of the present century game
was abundant, and salmon could be caught by thousands.
In the old burying-ground may be seen the peculiarly-cut
headstones of a hundred years ago.

The Eastern Ridge has been traditionally known as Fort
Ridge, though no fort has ever been connected with its his-
tory. In the early days of mast-cutting by British marines,
an earthwork was erected here in connection with a swing
or derrick, upon which the huge long pieces of timber were
raised from the wagons, swung around a difficult bend in
the road, and the wheels again placed under them in their
new course. From this point the greater part of York
County can be seen, and also the adjoining part of New
Hampshire, the White Mountains to the north, and the
ocean to the southward. The names of Stanley, Pillsbury,
Bartlett, Norton, and Linscott are given to the points and
ridges on the west, and Fox, Hilton, Brackett, Hubbard,
Young, and Leighton are given to those on the east, to indi-
cate the earliest settlement on or near them.

 

CHURCHES.
BAPTIST CHURCH.

Baptist meetings were held in town long before any church
was organized or meeting-house built. Elder Tozier Lord
and Abraham Pugsley were the pioneers in this work,
gathering people in barns and private houses for public
worship. The Rev. Nehemiah Davis was the first Baptist
preacher. A little society of those embracing Baptist senti-
ments was formed in the Hast Parish in 1781, and about
1787 Mr. Davis was ordained in Edmund Coffin’s dwelling-
house, near Shapleigh’s Corner. He became settled pastor in
1796, and remained with the society, comprising members
in both parishes, till his removal to Ohio, in 1798. Elder
Davis is remembered as an humble, but pious man, laboring
gratuitously upon the Sabbath, and toiling hard through
the week upon a new farm he was clearing. He has been
heard to say that he had traveled three hundred miles bare-
footed to preach the gospel. This society in 1802 erected
a meeting-house at the Corner at an expense of $1500, and
a church was organized Oct. 6, 1803, containing 22 mem-
bers,—12 males and 10 females. From this time till 1818
the church prospered through the occasional labors of neigh-
boring ministers, especially by those of Elder Z. Delano, of
Lebanon, who spent a part of the Sabbath with the church,
and by the steady and devotional labors of its deacons,
Thomas Shackly, John Ross, and John Chadbourne. In
September, 1818, Mr. Chadbourne, who at first was a
deacon, then licensed to preach, was ordained as its first
pastor. He remained till 1822, when he was dismissed at
his own request. His successor was Rev. Charles Blanch-
ard, ordained April, 1823. During his ministry the church
was increased. He left in 1828, and the Rev. P. L. Fogg
followed from 1829 to 1832. The Rev. Jos. Gilpatrick
succeeded from December, 1834, to September, 1841, in-
creasing the membership to 110. From 1843 to 1848,
Rev. John Hubbard was pastor. During his ministry the
meeting-house was remodeled and much improved in ap-
pearance. The Rev. Noah Hooper followed, supplying the
pulpit two years. In 1850, Rev. Leander 8. Tripp com-
menced preaching for them, and continued his labors till
1853. The church was destitute, except occasional preach-
ing, till 1856, when Elder Wm. H. Copeland accepted a call
to the pastorate, and continued till 1863, when he resigned.
His successor, Elder J. P. Chapin, remained three and a
half years, and was followed by Rev. N. C. Everett. Elder
W. H. Copeland began a second pastorate in 1868, and re-
signed in October, 1871. Rev. Albion E. Spring became
pastor in 1872, W. H. Copeland, 1874, and Rev. Gideon
§. Smith, 1877. Revs. J. Chadbourne, Luther C. Stevens,
and Augustus Hubbard originated from this church. Other
deacons, besides those mentioned, were James Ross, chosen
about 1819 ; Ivory Bragdon, Jonathan Ross, 1819 to 1879;
James Sayward, since 1848; Charles Staples, since 1870.
Since 1841 this church has been known as the First in Shap-
leigh. Previous to the division of the town the Acton
Church was called the First, and this the Second. Mem-
bership, 60; present clerk, James Sayward. A new meet-
ing-house was built in 1847.

A second Baptist Church was organized at Emery’s Mills
436 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

in 1841, and public worship established in a hall. Among
the first members were John Ricker, Nathan Churchill,
John K. Chase, and Harriet Wedgwood. After the Metho-
dists ceased to occupy their house in 1844 it was purchased
by this society. Among the ministers have been Elder
Geo. Heard, J. M. Wedgwood, J. K. Chase, T. Jameson,
and Wm. H. Copeland. Elder G. Heard supplied in 1854,
and Hider W. H. Copeland closed his labors here in 1871.
Rev. John Libby became pastor in 1871; E. P. Noyes
1872; J. W. Porter, 1871 to 1876, and the present pastor,
Rev. J. S. Smith, became pastor of both churches in 1876.

Present deacons, Thatcher Ricker and Edmund Goodwin,
appointed 1869. Edmund Goodwin, clerk. Membership,
46. :

THE FREE-WILL BAPTIST SOCIETY

dates its origin back to 1818; its house for worship was
built in 1834, at Ross Corner. Situated so near the line
of Waterborough, many of its members are from that town.
The meeting-house is so located in reference to others that
a large congregation might be well accommodated here, but
for long periods in their history they have been destitute of
stated preaching. Elder 8. W. Perkins supplied in 1854;
S. Poindexter, 1871-73; Emery H. Butts, 1874; Rev.
Mr. Boynton, 1876; Rev. John Lord, 1877-79. Deacons,
Ira Baker, Charles Conant. Membership, 33. Bradley
Stanley, Clerk. 7

The North Shapleigh meeting-house was built in 1866,
and dedicated by Rev. F. W. Touns. Baptist meetings
were held there by Revs. H. P. Mansur, A. P. Sanborn,
Jonathan Fairbanks, and Samuel Lord, who were succeeded
by Rev. W. 8. Packard. Under his labors a church was
organized March 22, 1876. He was succeeded by Rev.
O. 8. Hasty, the present pastor, in 1879. This church has
38 members. The present officers are Asa-W. Goodwin,
Deacon, and John Lowe, Clerk.

METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH.

Some time previous to 1828 itinerant Methodist preach-
ers held meetings in this town, and some united with this
denomination. In this year a meeting-house was built at
Emery’s Mills, and regular worship held. For a time the
society was prosperous; but the business of the place de-
clined, many removed, and their membership became so
reduced that in 1844 they ceased to hold public meetings
here, and their meeting-house was sold to the Free-Will
Baptist Society. A second society exists at North Shap-
leigh as a part of the Newfield charge.

SCHOOLS.

At a meeting of the proprietors, in 1778, it was voted
that 150 acres of land be reserved for the support of com-
mon schools in the town. This was afterwards sold for
$1034.18, and forms the local school fund, the income of
which is yearly expended in support of common schools.
At the same meeting 300 acres were reserved for the bene-
fit of Harvard College. The first school committee was
Whitney Stevens, Reuben Buck, and William Trafton.

The first recorded action taken for schools by the town
was in 1790, when it was voted to raise £40—or about
$133—for the use of schools. In 1791 the town was di-

 

vided into two districts, and £50 raised. After that £60
were annually raised, on an average, up to 1802. Then,
for about twelve years, $600 annually. From 1822 to the
division, about $1000 were raised and expended annually.
New districts were constituted from time to time to meet
the wants of the people, till at the time of division of the
town, in 1830, there were 21.

The town was then reorganized, with 11 districts. The
following summary shows the school record of the town for
1871: number of districts, 11; parts of districts, 3; num-
ber of houses, 10; estimated value, $3500; number of
children between ages of four and twenty-one, 421 ; average
attendance, 202 ; average length of summer terms, 57 days;
average length of winter terms, 77 days; teachers employed,
10; amount of money voted, $1273; amount raised per
scholar, $2.95 ; male teachers in winter term, 6; average
monthly wages, $27 ; female teachers in winter schools, 3;
in summer schools, 10; average weekly wages, $3.

PROFESSIONAL.

PHYSICIANS.

The first resident physician was Dr. Charles Powers, of
Greenwich, Mass., from 1791 to 1825. Dr. Benjamin
Mace commenced practice at Emery’s Mills in 1803 or
1804, but he remained only two or three years. Dr. Whit-
ing Stevens succeeded him in 1807, and pursued his prac-
tice half a century or more, rearing a large and respectable
family.

Dr. L. O. Wood settled at Haley Corner in 1820, and
continued untill his death, in 1827. Dy. Reuben Buck
came in 1819. Dr. William Lewis commenced practice at
the same place in 1825. Dr. Horace Webber, a native of the
town, practices botanically. Several physicians have gone
forth to practice their profession in different States, who
were natives of the town. Among them may be mentioned.
Drs. James Emery, Levi J. Ham, Ezra Kimball, A. W.
Stevens, Timothy Wilson, and William Lewis.

LAWYERS.

The Hon. J. P. Rogers, son of Andrew, a distinguished
lawyer and public officer of the State, and afterwards a
resident of Boston, was born in this town.

Hon. I. 8. Kimball, of Sanford, Wm. A. Kimball, Esq.,
of Rochester, N. ¥., Saul Kimball, Esq., of Illinois, Asa
Low and Samuel Thing, Esqs., of Springvale, and Charles
Lindsey, Esq., of Lebanon, were residents of Shapleigh, and
all natives but I. 8. Kimball and C. Lindsey.

John A. Burleigh practiced law at Emery’s Mills in
1825 ; Hon. John Treat Paine, 1825 to 1836; Jonathan
Clark, Esq., 1815 to 1818.

PROMINENT MEN.

John Cook, Joshua Brackett, and William Rogers were
leading citizens at the organization of the town. Hon.
Jeremiah Emery was the first representative to the Massa-
chusetts General Court in 1788.

Two members of the Senate were residents of this town,
John Bodwell, in 1828 and 1829, and Elisha Bodwell,
1841 and 1842. William Trafton was thirteen years sec-
retary of the Senate. In the civil affairs of the State and
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TOWN OF SHAPLEIGH. 437

 

town Shapleigh has in the main been well and ably repre-
sented.

John Bodwell, Josiah P. Woodbury, Daniel Fox, Moses
Hemingway, Thomas Drew Marsh, Elder Wm. Goding,
Andrew Rogers, and Aaron Hubbard were leading citizens.

Joseph Stacy, who was educated at Waterville College
previous to 1847, has distinguished himself as an able
geologist.

The Rev. George Webber, a distinguished Methodist
minister, and Rev. Luther C. Stevens, son of Dr. Stevens,
a minister and editor of the Baptist persuasion, were natives
of the town.

REPRESENTATIVES TO THE GENERAL COURT

OF MASSACHUSETTS.

Previous to 1811, each town was required to pay its
own representative, and, therefore, if nothing important was
needed, they often voted not to send one. The first repre-
sentative from town was Jeremiah Emery, in 1788. After
that none were sent till 1802, when John Leighton was
elected. 1805, John Leighton and Josiah P. Woodbury ;
1807, John Leighton ; 1808, J. Emery and John Bodwell,
Jr.; 1809, Jeremiah Emery and John Leighton ; 1810,
Josiah P. Woodbury ; 1811, John Bodwell, Jr., and Josiah
P. Woodbury ; 1812 and 1813, Jeremiah Emery and John
Bodwell ; 1814, voted not to send; 1815 and 1816, Josiah
P. Woodbury ; 1817 and 1818, voted not to send; 1819
and 1820, John Bodwell.

MILITARY.

SOLDIERS OF THE REVOLUTION.

Samuel Patch, Jonathan Patch, Lieut. Nathaniel Coffin,
George Ham, Stephen Pillsbury, Jonathan Ross, Linwell
Trafton, who lost an arm, Capt. Joshua Trafton, Aaron
Warren, Moses Hubbard.

WAR oF 1812.

Oct. 6, 1814, a meeting was held in the old Baptist
meeting-house to supply those who could not supply them-
selves with arms and ammunition, and to furnish three days’
rations for soldiers leaving the town in obedience to the draft
made from the militia companies to defend the coast.
Among those who went were Zaccheus Trafton, Jacob
Ricker, Tobias Pillsbury, who was killed on guard at a
bridge on Lake Champlain, Arthur Bragdon, William
Weber, Heard Brackett.

 

BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH.

HENRY ROSS THING

 

was born in Waterborough, York Co., Me., Sept. 15, 1816. —

His father, William Thing, born in the same town, Nov. 26,
1775, occupied a prominent position and exerted a very
telling influence in the history of the town. He was a
man of giant frame and intellect. Although his education
was limited to a few days’ schooling, he conducted an im-
mense business and accumulated a large fortune for the
time, always managing his own business and keeping his

 

own accounts. He provided each of his boys—seven in
number—with a farm when married, and left a goodly sum
for each of his children at his death, which occurred at
the age of eighty-three.

Henry R. was the youngest, and was reared at home
on the farm, receiving only the advantages of a district-
school education. Was married at the age of twenty-three
to Amanda, oldest daughter of Nathaniel and Rachel Co-
nant, of Shapleigh, and commenced business for himself on
a farm adjoining the old homestead, where he continued
until 1851, when he secured the home-farm, partly by pur-
chase and partly by gift, and moved on to it to take care
of the old folks during their declining years. He lived
there about seven years, and after the death of his mother
sold the farm to Elijah, his oldest brother, and moved to
Ross Corner. Here he built a fine residence, exchanged
the store at Kennebunk Depot for one here, and with his
son engaged in mercantile business under the firm-name of
H. R. Thing & Son, continuing the same some two years.
Shortly after selling out the business he came into pos-
session of a small farm for debt near by, and has since
given a portion of his time to farming.

In 1872 he was elected to the State Legislature as repre-
sentative from the towns of Shapleigh, Acton, and New-
field, serving on the committees “On Bills in the Third
Reading” and “On Public Buildings.” In 1878 he was
elected, but refused to serve, as treasurer of the town of
Shapleigh.

He is a man of sterling integrity and strictest honor,
against whom the shafts of calumny were never even aimed.

RENSSELAER WORTH THING,

the only son of Henry R. and Amanda Thing, was born
Sept. 14, 1839, in the town of Shapleigh, and shortly after
returned with his parents to their house in Waterborough ;
at the age of eleven was sent to Boston, where he remained
at school about a year. Being a very apt scholar, and hav-
ing been able to read when three years old, was well ad-
vanced when he returned home, where he attended the
district school, assisting his father on the farm during
vacations until he was seventeen years old, when his father
“set him up” in a merchandising business at Kennebunk
Depot. He remained there but five months, when the
store was exchanged fur one at Ross Corner, where the
firm of H. R. Thing & Son did a large business for two
years. This was long enough for the son, whose restless
nature began to chafe under the monotony of life in a
country store, and he concluded to go to college. In pursu-
ance of this resolve, he attended school at the Parsonsfield
Seminary and Lebanon Academy, and then went to Bates
College, at Lewiston, Me. While pursuing his studies at
Lebanon he made the acquaintance of Celia Augusta Fisk,
whom he married Dec. 25, 1862, and left school to enter
the army; but, at the earnest entreaty of friends, changed
his mind and engaged in school-teaching. He had in-
herited a taste for music, and had improved opportunities
to make himself proficient as a vocalist. His wife, the
daughter of a professor of music, was a fine pianist, and
they accepted situations as teachers in Cheshire Academy,
Ohio, arriving there in February, 1863.
438 HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY, MAINE.

 

During the following summer Morgan made his famous
raid through Indiana and Ohio, and Mr. Thing, being a
member of the “1st Regiment Ohio National Guards,”
went into the field with his command. After two weeks
of rough campaigning, he assisted in capturing three thou-
sand of Morgan’s men at the battle of Coal Hill, within
two miles of the town of Cheshire, where, in a vain effort
to cross the river into Virginia, they had been overtaken.
Morgan had ransacked the town, and Mrs. Thing had been
compelled to cook and serve a fine dinner to Morgan and
his staff.

The school had been broken up for that season, and he
resolved to take his wife back home and join the army.
On his arrival he applied to the Governor of Maine for a
commission to recruit a company for the war; but soon
after he received the commission, President Lincoln called
for “three hundred thousand more,” and recruiting being
slow, he immediately volunteered as a private in the Ist
Maine Heavy Artillery. Before being sent to his regiment,
he was found to be a good scribe, and was detailed as a clerk
in the adjutant-general’s office at Camp Berry. Here he
remained some three months, until the news of the Fort
Pillow massacre of colored troops reached his ears, when he

asked for and received permission to proceed to Washington |

to be examined for a commission in the colored troops.
While there he was subjected to a delay of three weeks on
account of prior applications, and then, unwilling to wait
longer, forced himself before the “board,” received a hur-
ried examination, and was appointed a second lieutenant,
having refused the offer of influential recommendations
which would have certainly given him a captaincy. He
was then ordered to report for duty to Gen. Burbridge, at
Lexington, Ky., when he was assigned to duty in the 12th
United States Heavy Artillery (colored), with which regi-
ment he was on duty about four months of guerrilla warfare
in the State. Having been recommended for promotion
over some seniors by his regimental and department com-
manders three separate times, and been refused because it

was against the rules of the regular army, into which his |

regiment had been mustered, he was detached and placed
on staff duty. Here he was promoted successively to post
provost-marshal, post adjutant, acting commissary of sub-
sistence, brigade provost-marshal, chief ordnance officer,
department of Kentucky, superintendent of the Freedmen’s
Bureau, judge of the Freedmen’s Court, and commandant
of the southern district of Kentucky, with a lieutenant-
colonel’s command. Here he served with marked satisfac-
tion for seven months, reporting direct to Gen. Clinton B.
Fisk, commanding department of Kentucky, Tennessee, and
Alabama, Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned
Lands, until honorably mustered out at the end of almost
three years of service. Previous to his discharge he had
passed an examination, “ with special mention,” before a
“hoard” convened to examine officers for transfer into the
regular army, and was placed on the roll for future call.

At the close of his service in the army he went to Mis-
souri with his family, and in the city of Macon, with
Thomas Proctor, engaged in publishing a weekly Republi-
can newspaper called the Macon Argus. While success-
fully managing the paper he was elected city clerk, which

 

position he filled creditably. Mr. Proctor died suddenly,
and Mr. Thing decided to go South and start an agricul-
tural newspaper. While in New England visiting he
changed his mind, and went into the job-printing business
in Boston. Through his ability and taste in doing fine
work he obtained the fine specimen work of the Boston
type-foundry at a very remunerative price.

From boyhood he had given evidence of decided in-
genuity, and while in the printing business it took form,
and he invented successively an improved composing stick,
a gauge-pin for job-presses, an improved mitering and rule-
cutting machine, a supplementary horse-car seat, steamless
stove-ware, and a mechanical steam apparatus for rendering
oil and grease from refuse meat, bones, and dead animals
without stench.

Having made some money, and broken down his health
by too close application to business and neglect of natural
laws, he was compelled to sell out his business and change
climate; consequently, on the 1st day of July, 1872, he
started with his family for Colorado.

His intention was to engage in sheep-raising, but on
arriving at Colorado Springs, and making some inquiry, he
found that during the previous winter the ‘sheep men”
had experienced heavy losses on account of severe weather,
and when coupled with the fact that the purchasing price
had nearly doubled, this discouraged him and he substituted
the cattle-business, locating a ranch about half a mile from
the town. Here occurred a circumstance which showed a
trait in his character that has always been prominent, and
the only thing that has ever made him enemies, and that is
never submitting to a wrong, no matter how small, without
seeking redress of some sort. As a citizen of the United
States he had as much right to appropriate the public
domain as any man, but he found that a few of the older
settlers had clubbed together and were claiming every foot of
available land in the vicinity, and driving off with threats
and violence every one who attempted to interfere with
them, and by perjuring themselves in turn for each other
obtaining patents from the government without complying
with the law. This completely shut out bona fide settlers
from obtaining farms or valuable government lands, which
‘Mr. Thing did not propose to submit to, consequently he
selected an unoccupied quarter-section and proceeded to
build him a house. The enraged claimant, who was living
on other government land some two miles away, as soon as
he wade the discovery, interviewed the club, who, upon re-
connoitering the premises and finding the occupant working
with a double-barreled shot-gun in close proximity, concluded
that that part of their duty to each other had better be
abandoned. It was supposed by many who were cognizant
of the facts that he would be killed, but on discovering
that it only needed pluck to get what they had a right to,
many others followed his example, and soon outnumbered
the old settlers and changed the programme entirely.

The Legislature passed a law in 1873 prohibiting the
herding of more than twenty head of cattle within two
miles of any town, which compelled him to change his base,
and he traded his cattle for real estate in Colorado Springs.
He then purchased a saw-mill and removed to the southern
part of the State on the supposed line of a projected rail-
TOWN OF SHAPLEIGH. 439

 

road, where he engaged in manufacturing lumber and in mer-
chandising until the railroad changed their line and gave
him the go by, when he “ pulled up stakes” and moved to
Lake County. Here he located in a mining district, and
becoming interested in some mining ventures about the
time of the first discoveries of rich mineral at Leadville,
moved there, purchased another mill, and with two steam-
mills, running night and day, supplied the lumber with
which Leadville was gotten well under way. He had now
retrieved his losses caused by the shrinkage of value on
real estate during the panic, and accepted a large offer for
his business in Leadville, concluding to devote his entire
time to mining pursuits.

The summer of 1878 was a very sickly season in Leadville,
and the fear of losing his children with diphtheria caused
‘him to remove to Caiion City, where he remained until the
summer of 1879, when he took his family to Silver Cliff,
where he had by this time become extensively engaged in
mining. In connection with a partner, who performed the
labor while he furnished the expenses, the discovery of one

 

of the largest mines in Colorado was made near Silver Cliff.
The mine was so valuable that some disreputable parties
trumped up a conflicting claim and commenced a lawsuit
for its possession. Pluck again came to his rescue, and
after spending eighteen thousand dollars and risking his
life in a personal encounter with pistols, in which he got a
bullet through his sleeve, he came out of the contest as one-
half owner of a mine which has since been capitalized in
New York at ten million dollars. He is also half-owner of
three other valuable mines near Ruby, Gunnison Co., Col.,
which are considered to have millions in them.

Mr. Thing is now resting at the old home at Ross’
Corner, where he has located his family, and will remain
until spring, returning to Colorado in the summer to prose-
cute his mining enterprises.

The details of this sketch of a busy life will show that,
notwithstanding the oft-repeated prophecy of his people,
that he would never accumulate anything on account of his
roving and restless disposition, the “rolling stone” does
sometimes gather moss.
ADDENDA AND ERRATA TO YORK COUNTY HISTORY.

 

The following items—corrections and added matter—
were received too late to incorporate in the body of the

work.
IN GENERAL HISTORY OF THE COUNTY.

Page 87, Joseph Dane married the daughter of Jonas, not James,
Clark.

Page 99, N. D. Appleton was not “President” of the Senate, but a
member of the same in 1830, instead of 1837.

Page 101, second column, should be Lorenzo Marrett, instead of
“ Alonzo.”

Page 103, first column, read John S. Derby, instead of “Berry.”
Also (foot of second column), Richard Cutts, Representative in Con-
gress, was of Saco, not “ Kittery,” and John Fairfield served as
United States Senator, 1843-47.

Page 104, Wm. Moody was President of the Senate in 1820, and
Caleb R. Ayer, of Cornish, in 1848. Nathan Clifford was Speaker,
1833-34, and served as Attorney-General, 1834-38, and N. D. Apple-
ton, 1857-60. John Holmes was a Representative in Congress, 1817
-20, and Joseph Dane, 1820-23. ~

Page 105, read Moore instead of “Morris” (Luther 8.); Thos.
Cutts, Councilor instead of “Senator ;” Joseph Storer, of Kennebunk,
was in the Senate, 1806-7; Alex. Rice, of Kittery, 1809-13; John
Woodman, of Buxton, 1803-12; John Holmes, 1813-17; Thos. Cutts
was Councilor in 1810, and Gen. John Lord, of South Berwick, 1813
-14.

Page 106, second column (sheriffs), read Seaver for “ Leaver”
(Josiah W.), and Richard H. instead of Richard G. Goding. In
“ Registers of Probate,” Wm. C. Allen served 1828-38 ; John Skeele,
1838; Wm. C. Allen, 1839-40; John Skeele, 1841; W. Hammond,
1842-50; J. Herrick, 1850 to 1854; F. Bacon, 1854-55; J. Herrick,
1856; F. Bacon, 1857-61.

Page 118, second column, read Dr. B. C. Mulvey instead of ‘‘ Mu-
lony,” and Henry “ P.” C. Green should be Henry B. C. Green.

SACO.

Page 159, Congregational Church, second column, B. M. Fink, pas-
tor in 1870, since which time Revs. Geo. P. Blanchard, John T. Blades,
and C. E. Storer, present pastor, have officiated.

Page 161, first column (Trinity Church), Rev. W. “G.” Alger should
be W. J. Alger, who has been rector twelve years, instead of “nine;”
C. H. Webber is not the present pastor of the Free-Will Baptist Church.

‘ Since he officiated as such, Thomas Tyrie and its present pastor, James
W. Parsons, have officiated.

Page 162, Rev. H. K. Chandler is the present pastor of the Baptist
Church, instead of ‘ Rev. Holbrook.” :

Page 163, Rev. L. H. Bean is the present pastor of the Methodist
Church, instead of “Rev. Lapham ;” and A. W. Pottle was pastor in
1876-78. Rev. N. T. Ridlon has been pastor of the Christian Church
since 1872.

Page 179, in the sketch of E. P. Burnham, Grace Dalzel’s mother
(not herself) should have been “a daughter of Walter and Elizabeth
Forest.”

Page 180, Mrs. Burnham’s mother died in 1858, instead of “1868.”

The Saco Savings Bank, Saco, was organized Nov. 27, 1869,— Pres-
ident, Joseph G. Deering; Treasurer, Geo. W. Scamman; Trustees,
Joseph G. Deering, John E. L. Kimball, Edward Eastman, Sumner
8. Richards, and Rishworth Jordan. Deposits, Nov. 3, 1879,
$137,028.09.

Page 159, Cadwallader Gray, not “Caldwalader.”

KENNEBUNK.

Page 244, first column, read Isaac Downing, instead of “ Dowing ;”
Burnham, instead of “ Burham ;” Charles Nason, instead of “Mason.”
In second column, Joseph Titcomb ceased to be president of the Ken-
nebunk Savings Bank in 1878, and was succeeded by Edward E.
Bourne; Stephen Perkins had succeeded George W. Wallingford as
trader at Kennebunk.

Page 244, second column, John “G.” Baker-should be John C.

Page 238, second column (High School), should be Geo. Francis
Robinson, not “T. W.”; and Miss Emma D. Fairfield, not Fairchild.

Page 241, Drs. Burleigh and N. E. Smart are omitted from the list

 

 

of physicians, Dr. Burleigh Smart practiced in Kennebunkport from
1818 to 1826, and from 1826 in Kennebunk until his death, April 6,
1852, aged fifty-seven. Dr. N. E. Smart practiced in Kennebunkport
from 1832 to 1859, and at Kennebunk from 1859 until his death, May
19, 1869, aged sixty-seven.

KENNEBUNKPORT.

Pages 385, 386, supply the name of C. H. Gates as pastor of the
First and South Congregational Churches for several years.

Page 385, add to Town Clerks: 1837-43, Joshua Herrick; 1843-45,
Benjamin Merrill; 1845-56, Thomas Currier; 1856 and since, John
A. Wheeler, George B. Carll, Elbridge @. Moody, Silas Perkins, Joseph
A. Titecomb, William G. Perkins.

Among the Selectmen have been: John Burbank, 1750; Samuel
Robinson, 1752, 1754, 1756-59; John Merrill, 1754; Jabez Dorman,
Jr., 1758, 1763; Dixey Stone, 1758, 1760, 1763-64; Robert Patten,
1766-69 ; Nathaniel Wildes, 1767; Charles Huff, 1769-70, 1778 ; Benj.
Downing, 1751-54, 1761-65, 1766, 1770; Moses Foster, 1750~54, 1755,
1759-63, 1766-69, 1771-76; Jacob Wildes, 1750-51, 1753, 1757, 1768,
1770, 1777, 1781 ; Thomas Perkins, Jr., 1754-55, 1757-61, 1781; Benj.
Durrell, 1754-61, 1769; Benjamin Meeds Lord, 1761-62, 1779; James
Burnham, Sr., 1756, 1760, 1766, 1768; Deacon John Hovey, 1771-76,
1781, 1783; Capt. Tobias Lord, 1769, 1771-76, 1783; Thomas Wis-
wall, 1776, 1778-79; Thomas Perkins, 1780; Capt. William Smith,
1782; Benjamin Durrell, 1782; Deacon Asa Burbank, 1776-77, 1783-
86; Thomas Perkins (4th), 1786-95, 1803-6; Asa Durrell, 1780, 1788;
Seth Burnham, 1788-99, 1802, 1808, 1813-14, 1816; Ephraim Per-
kins, 1789-92; Thomas Durrell, 1792-93; Mark Barter, 1794; Robert
Patten, 1795-96; Joseph Perkins, Jr., 1795-99, 1813-24; Thomas
Perkins (3d), 1797-1805, 1806-7, 1809-12; Eliphalet Perkins, 1799-
1803, 1808-9; Col. John Mitchell, 1799-1802, 1803-8, 1809-16, 1817-
18, Robert Town, 1805-6, 1808, 1812, 1816; Tobias Lord, Jr., 1807,
1810-13; Nathaniel Thompson, 1815; Silas Moody, 1817-20, 1832;
Israel Burnham, 1819-22; Thos. W. Shannon, 1820; Henry Clark,
1821-28; Thomas Perkins, Jr., 1822-28; Deacon William Smith,
1824-28, 1852-55, 1856-57; Asaph Moody, 1828-31; John G. Perkins,
1828; Edmund Currier, Jr., 1828-35, 1838-42, 1859-60, 1865-73;
Jona. Stone, Jr., 1829-32, 1834; Joseph Burnham, 1831, 1836-37;
Joshua Herrick, 1835-35, 1836-43; Robert Smith, 1831-34; William
Currier, 1835; William Meserve, 1835; Nathaniel Mitchell, 1835-42,
1844-52, 1863-64; Lemuel Miller, 1842; William Huff, Jr., 1842-46 ;
Dixey Stone, 1843 ; Benjamin F. Mason, 1843-55; Benjamin Thomp-
son, 1846-52; Leonard Hutchins, 1852-55, 1863-69; John Tarbox,
1855, 1857-58; Andrew Luques, 1855; Moses Nason, 1855; W. F.
Moody, 1856-57, 1859-60, 1870; Daniel W. Lord, 1857-58; Joseph
Huff, 1858; Thomas Stone, 1859-60; John L. Perkins, 1861-62; War-
ren Brown, 1861-66, 1878; Seth H. Pinkham, 1861-62, 1876; An-
thony Luques, 1863-64; George B. Carll, 1865, 1874, 1876-77, 1879;
Nicholas Downing, 1865-69, 1871; Joseph Fairfield, 1868-69; Thomas
Stone, 1869-70 ; Enoch Cousens, 1871-72 ; Ivory Bickford, 1871, 1874;
Leander G. Smith, 1872; Seth Dennett, 1872-73; Sylvester Brown,
1873, 1876-77; Woodbury Smith, 1873, 1877-79; Oliver W. Down-
ing, 1874; George W. Hanscomb, 1876-77; Daniel A. Burnham,
1878-79.

ALFRED.

Page 276, first column, first line, Kennebeck instead of “Kenne-
bunk” County.

NORTH BERWICK.

Page 311, N. Hobbs, of North Berwick, Senator in 1866, instead of
“1876.”

WATERBOROUGH.

Page 393, first column, Rev. H. Hobbs was Councilor, 1837-39.

SOUTH BERWICK.

Page 322, second column, third line from bottom, John Hubbard,
died in 1848.
Page 323, first column, fourth line, should read, Chas. C., son of

Hiram H. Hobbs.
PARSONSFIELD.

Page 330, add name of Gilman L. Bennett, M.D., to the list of Par-
sonsfield physicians, omitted. Hediedin 1872. He was Senator and
Representative and County Treasurer.
SUPPLEMENT.

THE following cut and items of letter-press were received by the publishers too late for insertion with their respective

towns, and are given a place herg:

 

 

  

 

Oczan Buurr (or Cape Arundel) is situated on the
southerly coast of Maine, adjoining the pleasant villages of
Kennebunk and Kennebunkport, about three hours’ ride
from Boston by rail via Boston and Maine or Eastern Rail-
roads, The mountain and sea air combined make this one
of the most healthful places anywhere to be found. Ocean
Bluff, with its fine harbor, convenient wharves, and beauti-
ful river, possesses facilities for yachting, boating, bathing,
and fishing superior to any other resort. Abbott, in his
“ History of Maine,” speaks of the “ Blowing Cave” and
the “Spouting Rock” at this place. In fact, no sea-shore
resort in the New England States combines more natural ad-

Wintiam M. McArruur, of Limington, sends the fol-
lowing names, as “not appearing in the Report of the
Adjutant-General of our State,” to be added to the history
of Limington, viz. :

COMMISSIONED OFFICERS.

Thomas J. Sawyer, 2d lieut., Co. G, 5th Maine Vols. ; June 24, 1861;
pro. to capt., Sept. 10, 1861; resigned Dec. 3, 1861.
” Sylvester Boothby, 2d licut., Coast Guard; Oct. 28, 1861; must. out
Sept. 13, 1862.

 
 

URED BB Bg

@CEEN BLUFF HOTEL.

Cape ARUNDEL, KENNEBUNKPORT, MAINE.

 

 
  
  
 
  

il lO

DD ap

 

ne

vantages with so much variety and beauty of scenery. Good
roads lead to Old Orchard Beach, Saco Pool, Goose Rocks,
Wells and York Beaches, and the neighboring towns.

The hotel is finely situated on high grounds, with a fine
ocean view.

The “Kennebunkport Sea Shore Company” owns the
above hotel, several boarding-houses and cottages, and its
lands comprise considerable desirable property upon a water
front of more than five miles, embracing between six and
seven hundred acres adjoining the village of Kennebunk-
port. For further particulars address Enoch Cousens, Ken-
nebunkport, Maine.

ENLISTED MEN.
Stephen E. Babb, enl. 1861 in N. H. Regiment; served three years.
Robert M. Boody, served in Mass. Regiment.
William H. Estes, served in Mass. Regiment.
Robert Libby, 1st N. H. Regt.
John McArthur, enl. August, 1861, in 26th Mass. Vols.; must. out
August, 1864.
William Richardson, enl. 3d N. H. Vols.; must. out September, 1864,
John F. Small, served in Mass. Regiment.
Charles W. Stevens, N. H. Sharpshooters.
Elbridge Libby, U. 5. Navy.
441
442

CHARLES F. SANBORN.
[PARSONSFIELD. ]

Charles F. Sanborn, the son of Luther and Sarah San-
born, was born in Parsonsfield, York Co., Me., on Sept. 12,
1835. His grandfather’s name was also Luther. He set-
tled at Parsonsfield in the year 1800, on the same spot that
has been the site of the family homestead from that to the
present time. A view of this honored spot, hallowed by
the recollections of many years, and rendered sacred by
the fond and tender memories of the past, appears in this
work,—and over it can also be seen the portraits of the
father and mother of our subject.

wThe earlier years of the latter were passed on the pa-
ternal farm in the performance of the usual routine work
of a farm, and in the attainment of an education. Later
on, having enjoyed the benefits of a liberal education, he
assumed the control of the home-farm, and: tenderly cared
for his parents until their death. He still occupies the old
place, and fills a prominent and influential position in the
community in which he resides. The peaceful pursuit of
husbandry has not dimmed the esthetic culture of the
man, nor prevented his attaining to positions of honor and
responsibility in the town. He has filled the various town
offices with credit to himself and satisfaction to his friends,
and in the Legislature of the State has well and ably rep-
resented the best interests of an intelligent constituency.
He is Republican in politics, and bears a reputation for
integrity and uprightness which many of his compeers may
justly envy him.

In the year 1865, Mr. Sanborn was united in marriage
to Miss Esther A. Wiggins, of Parsonsfield. Three chil-
dren have resulted from the union, viz., Luther E., Alto
M., and Ida L., all of whom reside with their parents.

COL. JOHN SMITH.
[ HOLLIS. |

Col. John Smith, one of the first settlers of Hollis, was
born in Biddeford, of English parents, near what is now
known as the Smith school-house in the northern part of
the city. He came to this town when it was a wilderness,
and Saco was the nearest settlement from which all sup-
plies were obtained, and carried on horseback, a distance of
fourteen miles, the only guide being blazed trees. Quite a
large portion of the town along the Saco was taken up by
him and cleared, and, as the demand for lumber was then
small, the trees were thrown into the river. The town
was then called Phillipsburg, and was comprised of what is
now Hollis and Dayton. He settled here with his wife,

oe
|
|

 

SUPPLEMENT.

Betsy Banks, in a log house. To them were born four chil-
dren,—Aaron, Elias, Mary, and Nicholas. They endured
all the hardships incident to an unsettled country, and on
one occasion, when Col. Smith had gone to the settlement,
and was obliged to remain all night, his wife went out with
her babe, Aaron, in her arms to find the cow. While follow-

‘ing the sound of the bell it grew too dark for her to find

the way home, and coming upon an old camp, she went in
and stayed during the night, with wolves howling outside.
In the morning she found her home by the course of the
sun. Three weeks after the birth of Nicholas the mother
died, and a few years after, Col. Smith married her sister,
Anna Banks. To them were born two children,—John and
Elizabeth. He served during the war of the Revolution,
voluntecring when but sixteen years of age, and at the
close of the war was paid in Continental money; conse-
quently he was obliged to walk home and beg his food by
the way. He was a member of the Legislature for a num-
ber of years, when Maine was a province of Massachusetts,
and the Legislature for both assembled at Boston.

A brilliant conversationalist and a man of quick wit, his
jokes and stories of himself are wide-spread, and have been
handed down through successive generations. During life
he was one of the leading men of his town, transacting
much of its business. A very well educated man for his
time, and for many years a justice of the peace, he was well
known through a large section of country.

The family coat-of-arms, the rampant lion, which Col.
Smith obtained from England, is still in the house which
he built, the fourth generation occupying it, and in the
possession of his descendants.

The three oldest sons married and settled on portions of
the original farm, while Mary married Abel Eaton, and
settled in Buxton, but shortly after died. Aaron, the eldest
son, had several children, three of whom served in the late
war, one of them being Col. Charles H. Smith, of the Ist
Maine Cavalry, and now of the regular army. Elias had _
nine children, one of whom only remains, Samuel D. Smith,
now of Limerick, but for many years in business in Hollis.
Nicholas had a large family, three of whom served in the
late war; one of them died in a rebel hospital and another
in battle. Elizabeth died at twenty years of age. John,
the youngest son, married and lived on the homestead.
Like his father, he had a lively sense of humor, and greatly
enjoyed the society of young people, and although an in-
valid for many years, he was always well informed, and
took a keen interest in everything around him, and in the
welfare of his country and fellow-men. He had three sons,
the eldest of whom died at thirty years of age; the second,
George, is still living; the youngest, Ether Shepley, suc-
ceeded his father to the estate, but, at the age of thirty-four,
his life, one of rare purity, was closed.

As’ the last sheets of this work are going through the press, the publishers receive the sad intelligence of the death of
Aaron McKenny, of Saco, one of the oldest citizens of York County. He died Friday, Feb. 6, 1880. [See personal

sketch, and portrait, page 182.]
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