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Library 1994.THE GLORY OP NEW YORK:
A DISCOURSE
SRIiwml in th* jlonih JUfornud ^htn[th
THANKSGIVING DAY,
November 26th, 187A.
BY
REV. E. P. ROGERS, D.D
“A citizen of no mean city.”—Acts xxi. 31.
NEW YORK:
UNITED STATES PUBLISHING COMPANY,
No. 13 University Place.
1874.
To be had of all Booksellers, $2.50 per hundred. See advertisement next to Discourse.Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1874, by the
UNITED STATES PUBLISHING COMPANY,
In the Office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington.
John F. Trow & Son,
PRINTERS AND BOOKBINDERS,
205 to 213 East Twelfth Street,
New York.THANKSGIVING DISCOURSE.
“ A citizen of no mean city.”—Acts of the Apostles xxi. 39.
These words were spoken by the Apostle Paul when h6
was attacked by a mob in the city of Jerusalem, and was
about to be committed to prison by the Roman officials on
a charge of being a disturber of the public peace.
When he was asked if he were not a certain foreigner,
who on a previous occasion had headed a party of assassins
and given the government great trouble, he earnestly repu-
diated the charge, and stated who and what he was.
“I am no foreigner,55 he said, “ such as you describe ;
no disorderly and revolutionary leader of a band of cut-
throats. I am a Jew by birth, and I am a native of a city
well known to you all—a city of which I have no cause to
be ashamed. I am a man which am a Jew of Tarsus, a city
in Cilicia, a citizen of no mean city : and I beseech thee suf-
fer me to speak unto the people.55
This appeal produced the desired effect, and Paul was
permitted to address the people, and was protected by the
authorities from the popular violence until his case could
be investigated in an orderly way by the regular tribunal.
Tarsus, the city which the Apostle spoke of as his birth-
place with a pardonable pride, was the metropolis of Cilicia,
in Asia Minor, and was a place of very considerable impor-
tance.
It was a distinguished seat of Greek philosophy and lit-
erature, and from the number of its schools and its cele-
brated scholars, it ranked by the side of Athens and Alex-
andria. The Emperor Augustus made it a free city. At
the beginning of the fourteenth century it was still a city
of importance; and even now, though very insignificant in
comparison with its former greatness, it has a population ol
about thirty thousand, principally Turks.4
THANKSGIVING DISCOURSE.
Every right-thinking man will sympathize with the Apos-
tle in the noble patriotic sentiment of his heart, which
expressed itself in the eulogy which he pronounced upon
his native place. Walter Scott’s famous lines,
“ Breathes there the man with soul so dead
Who never to himself hath said,
This is my own, my native landf
have been so often quoted that they have become trite and
hackneyed, yet they only re-echo the noble sentiment of St.
Paul.
Though it may be too much to claim for patriotism that
it is purely a Christian virtue, yet surely it is a virtue on
which Christianity looks with approval, and the exercise of
which it always encourages.
The Providence of Grod arranges for each man, according
to His own inscrutable discriminations, the place and the
circumstances in which he shall enter upon life. And al-
though no man need be ashamed of his country or his an-
cestry, who has no reason to be ashamed of himself, yet it
is a legitimate subject of thanksgiving to our Heavenly
Father that He has chosen to order the circumstances of
our birth advantageously for us—and so as to surround us
with the most favorable influences for our training and de-
velopment.
I confess to you that I have often thought of the language
of St. Paul as applicable to those of us who, like myself,
are native citizens of this metropolis.
Every such person can certainly say, “I am a citizen of
no mean city”
Whatever else may be said of Hew York, it certainly can-
not be said to be ua mean cityand I feel disposed to
devote this occasion to such a sketch of its history and pro-
gress as may at least justify us in making it a subject of our
thanksgiving to-day that we are Hew Yorkers by birth or
by adoption.
There is a great deal said, with more or less justice, about
the poverty and crime, the ignorance and corruption, on one
hand, and the luxury, extravagance, and dissipation on the
other, which characterize different classes in this city ; andTHANKSGIVING DISCOURSE.
5
doubtless many good people in the rural districts, and in
remote parts of our land, may think of New York as a
dreadful place—a second Sodom—where crime1 and corrup-
tion are always rampant, and life and property always in
danger.
But there is another side to the picture.
There is a great deal about the history of this city; its
wondrous growth; its commercial progress ; its develop-
ment in all the elements of greatness—material, social, phi-
lanthropic, artistic, educational, and religious—of which we
may be pardonably proud, and for which its citizens should
be profoundly grateful.
There are a number of elements which go to make up
what may be called the glory of a city. Its site and natu-
ral resources, it's sanitary and police regulations, its pro-
gress in material wealth and power, its architectural style
and embellishments, its magnetism in drawing to itself what
may contribute—whether of bone and muscle, or brain, or
character, or capital—to its growth, progress, and influence ;
its selection and assimilation of the different races of man-
kind, each bringing its individual contribution to the com-
mon stock; its energy, enterprise, and thrift; its large and
liberal policy; its intelligence, virtue, and religion; its
patronage of the useful and ornamental arts; its philan-
thropic and benevolent institutions and agencies ;—all these
are the elements of its glory, the stars in its crown.
Jefferson was not right when he said that large cities were
the ulcers on the body politic. There must, of course, be
found there much of the dregs and the scum of society, and
forces that are potent for evil as well as potent for good.
But there is a great deal said of the superior virtue of a
rural population, which is not warranted by facts. And
there is a great deal that is good and great and glorious
about large cities, though it is fashionable to abuse them
and to represent them only as hotbeds of vice and sinks of
corruption, or luxury and extravagance.
New York itself has been one of the best-abused cities in
the world.
As a son of New York, and as a minister of the first
Christian church ever established on Manhattan Island, I6
THANKSGIVING DISCOUKSE.
feel that I shall not violate, but rather honor, the proprie-
ties of this Annual Thanksgiving Day, if I pay some grate-
ful tribute to the goodness of God’s Providence in the his-
tory of my native place, and try to show to you that every
one of its citizens may say with the great apostle, “Iam a
citizen of no mean city”
Had Capt. Henry Hudson, when he steered the good
ship the Half-Moon into the bay of Manhattan, on the 12th
of September, 1609, two hundred and sixty-five years ago,
seen as in a vision this goodly city as it stands to-day upon
this island, the metropolis of this western world, we can
scarcely imagine the astonishment which would have stirred
and overwhelmed the mind of the worthy Englishman.
Had Governor Peter Minuits been told that the island,
which in 1626 he purchased from the Indians for the sum
of $24, would, in two hundred and fifty years, be worth in
real and personal property, the astounding sum of more
than one thousand millions of dollars, he would probably
have considered it a better investment than it appeared to
be then. And yet, strange to say, such is the law of the
increase of money, that if this $24 had been invested on
compound interest at that time, and had doubled itself in
every ten years, and been subject to no losses nor deduc-
tions, it would have approximated very nearly, if it would
not have equalled, the entire value of the real and personal
property of Manhattan Island to-day.
In taking, as we propose, a bird’s-eye view of the prog-
ress of the city of Hew York in the two hundred and
sixty-five years since the discovery of this island, we begin
with noting the increase of its population.
The city now comprises Manhattan Island and a part of
Westchester County. This island is fourteen and a half
miles long, and from one to two miles wide, comprising in
all about 14,000 acres, divided into 141,486 city lots, of
which about 60,000, or less than one-half, are built upon.
In 1623, Sarah Eapelje, the first white native of this
island, was born. Twenty-three years afterwards, in 1656,
there were 120 houses and 1,000. inhabitants. The whole
population of Hew York in 1656 could have been comfort-
ably seated in this church !THANKSGIVING DISCOURSE.
1
In 1700 tlie city contained 750 houses and about 4,300 in-
habitants—so that the entire population 174 years age
could have been gathered almost within the walls of oui
Academy of Music. The following has been the increase
since then: 1656—1,000; 1756—10,381; 1800—60,489; 185C
—515,394; 1860—814,254.
The present population may be estimated at something
like one million; and if we embrace in our estimate the
Metropolitan Police District, which contains the counties
of New York, Kings, Westchester, and Richmond, with
a part of Queens, the population is not far from 1,300,000 !
Within the lifetime of a large number of our citizens,
and of several pf the members of this church, the popula-
tion has increased from sixty thousand to more than a
million of souls!
When we remember that the immense population which
lies around this city, embracing Brooklyn, Staten Island,
a large portion of New Jersey, Connecticut, and the east
and west banks of the noble Hudson, amounting to mil-
lions, owes its existence in great part to, and is more or
less tributary to, and dependent upon it, it is not too much
to say that the growth of this city is unequalled in the
history of the world, and that in this respect we are citi-
zens “of no mean city!”
The next item in the sum of our greatness to which I
direct your attention is the enormous increase in the ma-
terial wealth of the city.
I once heard a lady connected with this congregation,
and who was living within five or six years, say, that she
remembered an apple orchard in full bearing on the corner
of Broadway and Duane street. Real estate has appreci-
ated somewhat since that time.
When I was a boy, a merchant who paid more than a
thousand dollars rent for his store, or five hundred for his
residence, was considered a very extravagant man, and one
to whom it was hardly safe to give credit.
We have made some progress since that day.
When this church was built, not thirty years ago, the
ground on which it stands was purchased for $20,000. It
has since been valued at twenty times that sum! Two8
THANKSGIVING DISCOURSE.
hundred and fifty years ago this whole island was pur-
chased for $24, which was probably thought a good sale at
the Real Estate Exchange of that day. In 1805 the valua-
tion of property in the City and County of New York was
nearly $26,000,000. In 1825 it was over $100,000,000. In
1885 it was nearly $220,000,000. In 1855 it was nearly
$500,000,000. In 1865 it was more than $600,000,000. And
in 1875 it will probably exceed $1,100,000,000 !
The taxes on property in this city in 1805 were less than
$180,000. At this date they are more than $80,000,000.
-And what a splendid city in its architecture ours is
rapidly coming to be. The commercial warehouses, the
public buildings, the homes of the people, are on a scale of
grandeur, beauty, and comfort beyond any that the world
Las ever seen.
Fifty years ago the large majority of the citizens of New
York lived below Cortlandt street and Maiden lane, and in
very different dwellings from those which we now inhabit.
The most magnificent portion of our city now, was then the
open country, with farms and gardens and forests.
The old house No. 1 Broadway, was a famous mansion.
During the Revolution it was occupied by Lord Howe and
Sir Henry Clinton ; near by was Governor Jay’s stone
mansion ; while far out in the country, at the foot of what
is now Thirteenth street, Gov. George Clinton had his im-
posing residence. With what stately progress has the march
of improvement advanced up that wonderful Broadway;
establishing its headquarters of wealth and fashion at dif-
ferent points; first, just above the City Hall, then sending a
detachment over to East Broadway, thence marching up to
Bleecker and Bond streets, thence to Union Square, which
was considered the ne plus ultra of elegance, thence to
Madison Square, and now on to the Central Park and the
magnificent Boulevards which stretch beyond.
It was the boast of a Roman Emperor that he found
Rome brick, and left it marble. Such is the boast of our
days. The greater part of the population of New York are
better lodged to-day than were the monarchs and nobles of
the old world three hundred years ago !THANKSGIVING DISCOURSE.	9
The history of the commerce of this port is also remark-
able in its testimony of progress.
The first vessels which anchored in the waters of North
America were insignificant barks, scarcely as large as many
a gentleman’s pleasure yacht in our day. Yerrezano, who
was probably the first white man who ever trod the soil of
Manhattan Island, sailed hither in the Dauphin, a vessel
of not more than twenty tons. Sir Martin Frobisher, who
gave his name to the straits on the north-east portion of
North America in 1572, commanded two vessels of twenty
and fifteen tons ; and Sir Humphrey Gilbert, in 1596,
crossed the Atlantic in a vessel of ten tons. Henry Hud-
son’s shallop was of eighty tons. Compared with these the
magnificent steamers which ply on the ferries between New
York and Liverpool, Havre,‘ and Hamburg, show some
progress in the art of shipbuilding and in the demands of
commerce.	' .	'
It would take a string of such vessels as Sir Humphrey
Gilbert’s, twenty-four miles long, to equal the tonnage of
the City of Pekin alone.
It would take 50,000 vessels of the size of Henry Hudson’s
Half-Moon, to amount to the tonnage of the 8,631 vessels
of all descriptions which entered the port of New York in
1873, the whol6 amount of such tonnage being 4,087,261
tons !
Some idea of the commerce of this city may be gathered
from the fact that for the year 1872 the imports from for-
eign countries into the port of New York were $432,106,686,
being more than three times the amount imported in the
year 1851. Our exports for last year were $348,905,066.
Can any city in the world make such a showing as this %
But two hundred and fifty years ago this was a savage
island, and now, in a single year, the port of New York
gathers into its bosom more than four hundred and thirty
millions worth of the varied products of the globe !
The amount of banking capital in this city, exclusive of
private bankers, is not far from $100,000,000. Transactions
of the Clearing House, in twenty years, $389,233,678,096.42.
And the deposits in forty-four savings banks, in 1874,
amounted to $170,998,796. The number of depositors in10
THANKSGIVING DISCOURSE.
these in this city is more than 479,000—about one-half of its
entire population—and the average amount due to each de-
positor is $360.
When we remember that sayings banks are institutions
principally for the benefit of the poorer classes, these figures
are very remarkable ; and a city where this class of people
have laid up $170,000,000 is surely “no mean city”
The statistics of insurance in this city also bear their testi-
mony to its wonderful progress. The mere statement of the
figures is most impressive. The amount of premiums re-
ceived during the past year by the Marine and Fire Insur-
ance Companies in the city was more than $35,000,000.
The amount received by the various Life Insurance Com-
panies was nearly $50,000,000, exclusive of interest. Surely
a city which receives annually, for this one interest, the
sum of $90,000,000, may be called “ no mean city”
A glance at the statistics of the Post-Office in this city
will add to the testimony already presented of the glory of
New York.
There is now living near this city a man who once was ac-
customed to carry the entire Southern mail from New York
in a single bag, which he easily carried in his hand to the fer-
ry.* That mail alone at this day weighs several tons. The
number of persons employed in the postal business of the
city is now upward of 1,100. The annual receipts of the
Post-Office are $2,774,077.80. The number of city letters and
postal cards delivered yearly within the city limits is more
than 32,000,000. The number of foreign letters sent out
and received by this office in a single year is 16,078,872.
The number of letters sent to and received from different
offices in this country amounts to 100,000,000 annually.
The number of newspapers which pass annually through
this office is nearly 110,000,000. The Money Order Depart-
ment, which is comparatively in its infancy, amounts to
more than $3,000,000 annually. These astounding figures
need no comment. They declare, with emphasis, that New
York is “no mean city”
Should it be asked, what is done for the cause of Educa-
* He has died since the delivery of this discourse, set. 84.THANKSGIVING DISCOURSE.
li
lion in this city, the answer wonld only add to the illnstra
tions already given of the glory of New York.
The four great public libraries of the city contain 300,00C
volumes, and do a grand educating work for our citizens.
The Cooper Union, with its library, reading-room, lecture
halls, and various schools of science and art, for seven years
has been the monument of the illustrious citizen whose name
it bears, and educates 1,000 pupils annually.
The public-school system of this city originated in 1805.
The first school was opened with forty scholars. What won-
derful progress has been made in these seventy years ! The
number of scholars now in the public schools, including the
corporate charities, is 236,453!
The number of school-houses is 109. They average in size
50 by 100 feet, and are three and four stories high. The
ground on which they stand cost over $*3,000,000, and the
buildings have cost $5,647,000 !
There was expended last year for school education
$3,479,000, being no less than fourteen dollars, a year for
each pupil!
In addition to these, we must reckon the vast number of
private schools ; the colleges ; the schools of law, medicine,
and divinity; the schools of science and art, and we find that
the aggregate of money devoted to the purposes of educa-
tion in this city swells to the enormous amount, if we in-
clude the interest on the cost of school property, of at least
$5,000,000.
Surely a city that spends five millions a year for the edu-
cation of its youth may well be called “ no mean city ! 55
And now the question must be, What are the.records of be-
nevolence and religion in this great city ? Are they on a scale
corresponding to those which we have already described ?
And first as to the churches.
The first church ever organized in this city, in 1628, first
worshipped in the loft of a mill; but in 1642, a stone church,
72 by 50, was built within the fort on the Battery. There
the congregation worshipped till 1693, when the first Garden
Street Church was built. The corporate name of this church
is still “ The Reformed Protestant Dutch Church in Garden
Street, in the city of New York.5512
THANKSGIVING DISCOURSE.
There are records of the first church from 1639.
For more than fifty years there was no other church in
this city. In 1697 the first Episcopal church was built where
Trinity now stands. The first Presbyterian church was
built in 1719, in Wall Street, near Broadway. The first
Baptist, in 1760, in Gold Street between Fulton and John;
and the first Methodist, in John Street, in 1768.
In 1785 there where nine churches in the city, to a popu-
lation of 23,000. In 1873 there were 470 churches and mis-
sion stations, to a population of 900,000. So that the church
accommodation has kept pace with the population in a very
even and regular way.
The value of the church buildings and property is now
about $30,000,000, and the amount annually expended for
their support is about $3,000,000—about one-twelfth of what
is spent in the grog-shops of the city every year.
When we come to speak of the charities of New York,
“their name is legion.” Institutions for the relief of the
poor, the sick, the widow, the orphan, the aged, the friend-
less, and the stranger abound.
There are more than four hundred of these benevolent
and philanthropic institutions and agencies supported by
the free contributions of the Christian community, and scat-
tering blessings in the path of the poor and the lowly. We
cannot enumerate them all, but among them are 80 for the
relief of the poor ; 12 asylums for the aged; 28 dispensaries;
28 hospitals ; 31 homes for various classes of the needy ; 31
institutions for poor children; 13 orphan asylums ; 15 re-
formatory institutions ; and a vast number of other agencies
whose object is to do good to the needy, both for the body
and for the soul.
The amount of money expended by these institutions an-
nually is more than two and a half millions of dollars.
But the amount of personal labor freely given by our citi-
zens, and especially by the Christian women of our city,
cannot be computed in dollars and cents, and will never be
known till the day when all things shall be revealed.
In addition to these agencies for good, there centre in this
city many great societies, like the American Bible Society,
the American Tract Society, the various Home and ForeignTHANKSGIVING DISCOURSE.
It
Missionary Societies of tlie different Christian denomina-
tions, the American Seamen’s Friend Society, and others
whose annual income from the Ibenevolent contributions oi
their friends has amounted in one year to $6,000,000 !
Let me speak here of two of the wisest and best of the
charities of New York. The Association for Improving the
Condition of the Poor of our City, in the thirty years of its
existence has relieved more than 200,000 families and dis-
tributed nearly $1,500,000. The Children’s Aid Society,
whose important work is rescuing friendless children from
the streets, and providing comfortable homes for them al
the West,' in twenty years has gathered into such homes
more than 28,000 children, and expended for their benefit
$1,250,000!
From this brief and very imperfect sketch of the progress
of New York in two hundred and fifty years, from a hand-
ful of settlers on a savage island, to a magnificent city, dis-
tinguished for such a growth in population, commerce,
monetary power, education, benevolence, and religion, as
has never been equalled in the history of the world, may we
not say that we are citizens “of no mean city”
May we not count it a legitimate subject of thanks to-day,
that God has made our home in this metropolis of the great
western world %
How thoroughly this city of ours has been identified with
every great discovery and invention, which during the last
half century has added so much to the progress, wealth, and
comfort of the world! The names of Fulton, Morse, and
Field alone—men whose fame is cosmopolitan—will always
give lustre to her history.
Indeed, the names of the distinguished sons of New York
form a galaxy of light which brilliantly illuminates the
pages of her records.
Statesmanship and patriotism still make grateful mention
of Hamilton, Clinton, Jay, Livingston, Varick, Benson, and
Rutgers. Jurisprudence commemorates a Kent, a Hoffman,
a Griffin, an Ogden, a Lord, a Slosson, and a Noyes. Medi-
cine speaks in terms of eulogy of Bard, Hosack, Mott, Fran-
cis, and Reese. Science and art speak proudly of Hosack,
Torrey, Chilton, Renwick, Griscom. Joslyn, Fulton, Morse,14	THANKSGIVING- DISCOURSE.
Jarvis, Durand, Inman, Kensett. Theology still reveres
the memory of Livingston and Linn, Mason and Rogers,
Moore and Hobart, Asbury and Foster, Spring and Bethune,
Alexander and DeWitt. Commerce boasts her Morris and
Astor and Bayard and Boorman and Minturn and Steward
and Griswold and Grinnell. A city with such names en-
graven on her rolls, to say nothing of the distinguished men
now living, is surely “no mean city”
I have scarcely time to advert to the externals of our city.
Her position at the confluence of these noble rivers ; her
splendid harbor, affording safe anchorage for the navies of
the world; her magnificent warehouses, her fine avenues,
her houses replete with more conveniences and comforts
than the dwellings of any people in the world ; her public
libraries, her museums of science and art; her imperial
Park, unequalled by any in Europe ; her splendid churches;
her unfailing supply of pure water flowing through three
hundred miles of pipe, to pour its healthful streams into
every dwelling; her 15,000 lamps, which like twinkling
stars illuminate her 700 streets; her various railways
stretching out of the city in all directions, and carrying to
and fro four millions of passengers every year; her twenty-
five ferries, transporting daily across her two rivers, and
down the bay, nearly 200,000 persons, while her street rail-
ways carry some sixty million passengers yearly—when
we consider all these elements of greatness and power,
surely every one of us can say with truth, “Iam a citizen
of no mean city.”
But these elements of material greatness, grand though
they be, and creditable as they are to our history, are not
ill that go to make up the glory of Hew York.
The people of this country—and it is after all the people
svho make the country—were made of the richest material
n the world. The best of the best races were sifted out in
the providence of God, and reserved as the seed for the
rirgin soil of this western world.
Of the first settlers on this island, Chancellor Kent has
said that they “were grave, temperate, firm, persevering
nen, who brought with them the industry, the economy,
;he simplicity, the integrity, and the bravery of theirTHANKSGIVING DISCOURSE.
15
Belgic sires, and with, those virtues they also imported
tlie lights of the Roman civil law and the purity of the
Protestant faith.55
“To that period,55 he has said, “we are to look with
chastened awe and respect for the beginning of our city,
and the works of our primitive fathers.55 That conserva-
tive element which they early introduced into New York
society has always existed, and been a power for good
among us. To the original stock large contributions have
been made of the Anglo-Saxon, the Celtic, the Teutonic,
and Scandinavian races, each bringing its own individual
contributions to society, and making a mosaic population,
which is now in process of assimilation, and which we have
reason to hope and believe will yet result in a substantial,
harmonious, and vigorous unity.
Cosmopolitan as our city is, and must be, there is no
necessary antagonism in our varied elements, and as we
come to know each other better, each will understand and
appreciate the other, and the sharp corners of each will be
rounded by friendly attrition.
There must be mutual forbearance and consideration, and
fair dealing and concession to each other’s old habits and
prejudices, and we shall gradually fuse into a homogeneous
and united people.
We, who are the original settlers here, have already found
that there is a great deal more in our German friends than
a love for Sunday concerts and an unlimited capacity for
beer. We see in them a vast deal of solid thrift, of profound
learning, of domestic virtue, of commercial skill, of sound
good sense, and an indomitable love of freedom.
In our Irish fellow-citizens we find something more than
wit and whiskey; we find genius and cheerful hopefulness,
and patient industry, and a wonderful capacity for organi-
zation, and many fine domestic and social qualities.
The noble sons of New England are of course among us,
sharp, energetic, progressive, independent, everywhere push-
ing into the front rank of our merchants, of our scholars, of
our teachers, of our inventors, of our professional men, of
our poets, and of our artists.
New York society is indeed somewhat mixed, but the in-16
THANKSGIVING DISCOURSE.
gredients are all good of their kind, and when they have
been thoroughly stirred and have time to settle, the result
will be a grand fellowship of all true elements of generous
thought, and noble purpose, and lofty life, and great
achievement for the city, the country, and the world. It is
a great thing to be a citizen of such a city. It involves
serious duties and. responsibilities.
We need intelligence, virtue, piety, to hold us together
and make us a permanent power for good. Honors and
privileges always involve corresponding obligations. Hew
York stands on a high pinnacle before the world, and while
to be one of her sons is to be “a citizen of no mean cityf
it is also to be a man who is bound to prove himself worthy
of his native or adopted home. It is no small thing to be a
citizen of a city like this, in the nineteenth century.
When Henry Hudson dropped anchor in the beautiful
bay of Manhattan, a new page was opened in the history of
the world. The foregoing centuries had been busy with
great preparation, and from as far back as 1215, when King
John signed the Magna Charta at Runnymede, the prin-
ciples of constitutional freedom had been struggling to assert
themselves in the world, and gain a stage on which to dis-
play and illustrate their beauty and their grandeur, and
they found it here % Little as he thought of it, the captain
of the Half-Moon came to these shores in company with
the ruling spirits of the modern ages.
These were Columbus with the mariner’s compass, and
Guttenberg with the printing press, and Luther with a free
Bible, and Bacon with the Novum Organon of science, com-
ing to this virgin territory to organize a new age and recon-
struct a new state, and to found at the mouth of this noble
river a city whose progress should eclipse that of any city,
whether on the banks of the Thames, the Rhine, the Seine,
the Danube, or the Tiber—a great metropolis of commerce,
of literature, of science, and of religion. Look, then, at
her wonderful history, consider 'her matchless elements of
power, estimate properly her beauties and her deformities,
appreciate thoroughly her duties and her dangers, and
prove yourselves worthy to be u citizens of no mean city.”
Discard not the conservatism of the old while you gloryTHANKSGIVING DISCOURSE.
.17
in the progress of the new. Never change the base which
the fathers laid with faith and prayer, while you carry the
superstructure of modern civilization higher than they ever
dreamed of. Welcome all the races of the world to your
generous fellowship, but see that they learn to build with
us on the same old foundations of intelligence and Chris-
tianity, the Bible and the Sabbath, whose solid and enduring
strength we have proved so well.
Labor and pray that this great city, in the language of
another, may be “not only the capital of the world, but
the city of God ; its great park, the central ground of noble
fellowship ; its great wharves and markets, the seats of hon-
orable industry and commerce; its public halls, the head-
quarters of free and order-loving Americans ; its churches,
the shrines of that blessed faith and love that join man to
man, and give free communion with God and Heaven.” *
For myself, I count it an honor to call this city my native
place. As St. Paul felt that he was “ a citizen of no mean
city,” so do I feel; and although I know that New York is
not without her faults and her dangers, there are neverthe-
less elements of greatness and glory here that may well ex-
cite our gratitude, our admiration, and our hope.
Let us indulge in no weak despondency as to her future.
Let us not be afraid that corruption, luxury, and misrule
will triumph over the solid strength of character, the stub-
born integrity, the sound good sense, the true patriotism,
and the sincere piety which characterize so many of her
citizens.
Let us go from this service of thanksgiving to-day, feeling
that we have much, very much, to be grateful for in the
history and progress of this imperial city.
Partisan politics may change, and the names of adminis-
trations may be this or that, but the great heart of the peo-
ple will yet be true to the city and to its destiny. There is
too much that is really great and good concentrated here
not to give us every hope for the future.
Let us be true to the memory and the counsels of those
who have gone before us; true to the advantages which a
* Rev. Dr. Osgood’s Discourse before the New York Historical Society, 1865.
218
THANKSGIVING DISCOURSE.
kind Providence has given ns ; true to that God who led
our fathers here, and has always been with their children,
and no tongue can tell what this city of ours may yet be
and do as a great power for good in this western world.
Future historians may well go to Holy Writ for their
words of fit description, and call her, as ancient Tyre is
called by the prophet, “The crowning city, whose merchants
were princes, whose traffickers were the honorable of the
earth ;’ ’ or better still, apply to her the words of the Psalm-
ist, “Beautiful for situation, the joy of the whole earth, is
the city of the great king! God is known in her palaces
for a refuge ! ’ESTABLISHED IN 1833
JOHN F. TROW & SON,
Printers and Bookbinders
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THE UNITED STATES PUBLISHING COMPANY,
13 UNIVERSITY PLACE, NEW YORK.OUR
FIRST HUNDRED YEARS:
The Life of the Republic, of the United
States of America Illustrated in its
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The First-DISCOVERY-COLONIZATION. 1492-1776.
The Second.—CONSOLIDATION—STATESMANSHIP. 1776-1815.
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No such work exists, and it is needed by all classes of citizens.
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It covers the most interesting century in the history of the race, and will be
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Address. UNITED STATES PUBLISHING CO.,
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About the First of January, 1875,
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December, 1874.
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SOMETHING PLEASANT
*/TO RE£D ABOUT,	TO THINK ABOUT,
\	TO HEAR ABOUT,	TO TALK ABOUT,
\ SOMETHING PLEASANT TO KNOW AND TO DO.
Suppose that Mr. Stewart or some other
ich, reliable man should say to the reader:
‘ I have, through my lawyer and banker,
novided that whenever you die your heirs
hall receive five, ten, or twenty thousand
lollars, for which no consideration is de-
nanded, nor will any be accepted.”
Would not that be pleasant to hear, to
hinlc, to talk about f
Or if he should say: “ If you live until a
;iven date, you shall receive five, ten, or
wenty thousand dollars, ” would not that
e pleasant ?
Would not almost every man accept
ither or both propositions with satisfac-
ion % Would not his whole family unite
ieir prayers for blessings on the head of
aeir benefactor ?
There cannot, then, be any doubt about
:ie desirability of having a provision of a
3spectable sum of money made for a man’s
amily in case of his early death, nor for
imself if he lives until the years of need.
?he Question.
The question is not, then, of the desira-
ility, but solely in regard to the cost and
lie security.
In fact, these two things, to provide for
ne’s own family in the early occurrence of
le dreaded contingency of every life, and
) provide for one’s own time of need, are
le great stimulants to the chief part of the
ard work of mankind.
To earn our daily bread requires effort
id j>revision; still more work of muscle
id brain is needed to store up for old age,
id to provide for a dependent family a
source in case of the unexpected death of
leir “bread-winner.”
To store for advanced years is the work
[ time, industry and economy. But
le effect of our early taking off can be fully
provided against neither by intelligent in-
dustry nor the most scrupulous economy.
Time
is an essential element in the accumulation
which premature decease terminates.
Riches, then, must be inherited, received
by other donations, or else some tempo-
rary expedient must be invented,
which shall give to the family a correspond-
ing resource in case of the untimely decease
of the one upon whom it is dependent.
The sole questions are—Does the expe-
dient exist ? Is it not too costly ? Is it cer-
tainly secure ?
Important Consideration.
First, we argue that it should be sought
more on account of the man than on account
of his family; to give him that tone and
freedom from anxiety which makes labor
light and most productive, to reward him
with a joy above all others to the true man,
a provision for his family; and to prevent
his feeling a necessity for a parsimonious
economy lest, ere the family is provided for,
the dread contingency shall occur; for in
this case he does not expend as liberally as
will be for the good of his growing fami-
ly, or for his own welfare ; to expend judi-
ciously is quite as important as to econo-
mize judiciously; spendthrifts need the lat-
ter counsel. But the man who finds his
highest satisfaction in the most self-denying
economy, because it tends to provide for his
family, is worthy of being rewarded by the
use of an expedient which will provide for
his family in case of the necessity, and also
permit him to expend what is necessary for
their and his present and also future good
and highest enjoyment.
There is an Expedient.
It is only intended to be temporary, dur-
ing that part of the productive period of a
lNew Principles call for Improved Meth ods.
INFORMATION versus SOLICITATION.
The agent employed to distribute these documents is
NOT a Life Insurance Solicitor.
It is no part of his business to introduce the subject
even, and where it is introduced by others, he will confine
himself to brief though courteous replies, so as to avoid
the interruption of business at inopportune times.
It is his business, primarily, to distribute circulars,
which it is hoped may find attentive readers, and may
be found entertaining and instructive.
Should their perusal so far interest any, as to lead them
to wish for further information, the undersigned will wait
upon them for that purpose, at such time and place, day
or evening, as they may appoint.
Parties waited upon in answer to their request, do not
thereby incur any obligation, either to the undersigned or
to the Company which he represents. For his service he
is paid by the Company. The Company has as its mis-
sion to disseminate wliat it regards as vital truth concern-
ing Life Insurance. It must do this regardless of immedi-
ate results. This work is the seed. The harvest will ma-
ture and be gathered in due time.
Let no one hesitate, then, to send for further docu-
ments, or to command the services of the undersigned to
make explanations, or otherwise be of assistance in mak-
ing clear what is to often—by the prevailing methods of
life insurance—purposely obscured.
Address,
WM. T. PARSON,
American Popular Life Ins. Co.,
419, 421 Broadway, Cor. Canal St.man's life, while his family is growing, and
before the time has sufficed to harvest the
store which his industry and economy will
provide—or until the maturity of his family
has made them no longer dependants upon
him, but changed them into his willing sup-
porters, if need be.
What is desired. What not.
It is not desired nor intended to relieve
man from labor, but to make it easier and
more productive; not to dispense with
economy, only to relieve its stringency; it
is not a gambling nor speculative expedient,
a creative power producing wonders out of
nothing, nor emptying one man’s pocket to
fill that of another; it is no scheme; no
consolation to the lazy; no means to aid
wickedness in any form. It is desirable for
the use and the blessing of the industrious,
the economical, the worthy, and as a relief
to over-arduous labors, to over-much anx-
iety, and as a reward to noble motives.
Who can enjoy it. Why,
It can be enjoyed only in the precise ratio,
in the exact measure, which he who uses it
deserves. He who feels much for his fam-
ily enjoys much when their protection is
made certain; he who has no anxiety about
his family deserves none and can have none
of the joy the other feels; the gift of a
Stewart, realizable at his death, would send
no lightning thrill through his nerves ; there
is a difference between the wicked and the
righteous, an impassable gulf.
What is the Expedient ? IIow Used.
It is very simple. Several persons agree
to contribute a certain small amount called
a premium, to a common treasury yearly
during a given period, in consideration
that if, during that period, any person shall
die, a given large amount shall be paid from
the treasury to whomsoever the party de-
ceased has designated.
How Know the Cost.
It is evident, that if one out of a thousand
persons dies in a year, and each of the thou-
sand persons has paid one dollar, there will
be just $1,000 contributed by the brother-
hood to pay the designated recipient.
If two die, two dollars must have be<
contributed by each of the thousand, in c
der to have $1,000 in the treasury to pj
to each of the two parties designated.
For Every Heath per Thousand
the “net,” or death cost, premium mu
be $1.00. If there are five deaths the “ net
premium must be $5.00. If the deaths a
ten per thousand persons, the “net” pr
miums must be $10.00.
But the other expenses of doing the bus
ness are considerable, and for them a su:
called loading must be added to the n
premium, the two together constituting tl
entire or gross or office or table premium.
The Cost Evident.
It is evident that the cost must be depenc
ent upon the number of deaths per thoi
sand persons, and the expenses of doing tl
business. If the deaths are very few, tl
contribution of a small sum severally froi
many will yield a large sum to each of tl
deceased without burdening any, But :
the rate of deaths is large the contributioi
must be also so large that the expedient wi
be too costly to work well.
The deaths among the younger ages, u
to past the prime of life, are few; above tin
period they grow rapidly more numeim
as old age comes on.
Fortunate Circumstance.
But, as seen, the expedient is as a ru]
needed only during: tlie earlier years
when the ratio of death is small, an
when the premiums are therefore als<
small and can be well afforded by most.
Grand Question Affecting Cost.
Shall the cost be considered as that of ir
suring all in the community ? There mus
then be a law compelling all to unite in th
brotherhood: otherwise the best risks wi]
not come in, while the inferior risks will b
sure to take advantage of the provision ant
make the cost so high that it would no
work. This proves that when we are reckon
ing the cost of the expedient, it is essentia
to consider something besides age.
How Himinish Heath Rates.
It may be said that the persons admit
aid to the brotherhood should be in sound
salth. That is what is said in certain old
Ians; and those only who are sound being
ceived, the number of dying per year ought
> be somewhat diminished.
But of those sound to-day, several will
3 sick ere the year is out—some to death,
-some to get well; and of those sick to-
ay, most will be well ere six months are
ast. The question is, then, still farther—
That will prevent sickness and death?
Te find that those who are intelligent
1 regard to care of health, who have a
ood residence, good vocation, good habits,
ill promote their health, prevent untimely
eath, and reduce the cost of the desirable
spedient. But again we find that of two
ersons who are noticed, one, who is not as
ood in the respects before mentioned as
le other, lives the longer, and appears a
mtradiction to what has just been said.
mportant Treason.
Upon examination we find that the longer-
ved had a better original constitution
aan the shorter-lived one.
lost Important Question of all.
Can we determine, to any practical de-
ree, the probable endurance of the human
onstitution ? Most certainly; and thus we
gain lower the cost to those, having great
robable viability, or power of living, both
nmediately and for many years.
Ugns and Indications
f the probable length of any life are
umerous, and the observations of many
xperts are making them more numerous
very day. One of the surest sources of
ound judgment in this matter is the physi-
al measures, of the
Uze, Form, Color9 and Texture
if the observable parts of the body. But
most excellent trail is to be found in
lie ancestry and correlative branches of
, person. If poverty of blood be found
herein, it is almost certain to carry a
aint to the person observed; but, on the
»ther hand, however good the ancestry, it is
tot always true, more than of ancestral
iches, that it passes at all by inheritance,
and certainly not in equal ratio to all of
the descendants.
We must, therefore, always rely upon the
absolute conditions of the consti-
tution of each person for our judgment
upon its capabilities, and must apply our-
selves to learn what the indications of these
absolute conditions are.
Thus do we bring down the cost of use-
ing the expedient to its lowest point for the
very best risks, viz., those who show the best
Ancestry, Constitution,
Habits, Vocation, Residence,
Intelligence, Instincts, Health,
and whatever else, if else there be, which
affects the probabilities of life.
To such the cost of the expedient will be
so small that they can much better afford to
use it than to go without it. On account of
the freedom from anxiety that it induces
more additional labor will be performed by
a thousand best grade persons than will
suffice for the cost of insuring all of them.
UNTIL. NOE YEARS AGO WHEN THE
American Popular Life
WAS ORGANIZED,
there was no thorough grading of each
life risk in accordance with its own merits or
demerits, but there was a general aver-
aging together of all who, being sound,
passed a mere medical examination; some
who had some extra hazard of residence,
vocation, health, etc., being graded ur or
charged an “ extra premium,” which amounts
to the same thing. But as yet
The American Fopular
is the only Company in the world which
adopts the plan, originated by itself, to
grade do ton the best risks according
to the merits of each. Being, therefore,
THE ONLY COMPANY IN THE WORLD WHICH IS
THE BEST FOR THE BEST RISKS.
It is the sole Company which does this;
not because the idea is not allowed to be
good by other companies, but because they,
having started with the old averaging plan,
if they should adopt the method of gradingaccording to risk, as in Fire and Marine has
always been done, the best risks insured
already at average premiums would drop
out, and go in again on terms more favor-
able to them, while the inferior risks
would stay. Those old companies must
try and make the good risks stay with the in-
ferior, until at least the good risks find out
the correct idea, and will go where they are
more scientifically and equitably insured at
their proper cost.
To keep them as long as possible, it is a
strong point to pooh-pooh the idea of grad-
ing, and in every way prevent the falling
out of their best risks. Hence the reasons
why all the companies and all their agents
have been “ down ” on the
American Popular Life Plan.
Let the best risks see by that very fact
which company it is for their interest to
patronize.
This is the Whole of True, Pure,
Life Insurance.
Is it not simple % Is it not interesting ? Is
it not easily comprehended ? Is it not usable
to the advantage of those who need it ?
Those who have acquired or have inherit-
ed a sufficiency do not need it; at any cost
it is too costly for them. To those who
have too great a liability to die, it will be
too costly; the expedient is inexpedient
for them. To those having no one depend-
ing upon them it is not a need nor an advan-
tage ; at any price it is too costly for them.
To all others it is a blessing.
What to Avoid.
We may here say that this is the form of
Life Insurance which underlies every kind
that is so-called. The number of deaths per
year and the business expenses determine the
yearly cost, which must always be paid
either when due or before it is due. Never
pay for life insurance in advance. There
are many complex additions made to the
simple form mentioned above, under the
pretense of benefiting the assured, but which
are, in fact, for the purpose of benefiting
only the Company, by obtaining more pre-
mium-money or by diminishing the assur-
ance ; the assured can only be benefited by
having the premiums diminished or
the assurance increased legitimately.
Have nothing to do with any of the
gambling devices made attractive by
false deluding promises. Use in all
cases only a
“ Term-Life ” (Labor-Term) Insurance,
“ Normal or Natural Premiums ”
(with Returns).
It is the best, for the best Risks to
be Graded according to Risk.
The Grading and Hating costs nothing.
Send or call at 419-421 Broadway for
a Preliminary Blank.
It will take but a pleasant half hour
any evening to fill it; return it to the
office with postage stamp, and the grad-
ing and rating will be sent gratis. It
is of value to any party, even if not
wanting insurance. The family history
and personal description are of use to
the company sufficient to compensate
for its trouble.
If insurance is then wanted a medical and
other blanks must be filled. The whole
transaction can be satisfactorily done by
mail, as it often is.
The agents of this company are instructed
that no person should be annoyed nor im-
portuned, hence any one may call without
hesitation.
The Expedient Full and Complete.
The Object.—1. The reward of fidelity, by relieving the mind from anxiety, and in its
stead giving a light and joyous heart, and a more skilful hand.
2. The protection of dependent ones, by continuing to them, in case of his death, the
ncome enjoyed during his life. Those, therefore, who when living give their families the
argest support, should secure the most Assurance.
Should industry and economy store up the necessary reliance, the Assurance may be
liminished; or if increasing family expenses demand more ample provision, the Assurance
should be increased.
4A Word to the
Wife and Mother.
She will perceive, if she has attentively
read the preceding, that the expedient has
been wrongly named. It has nothing to do
with insuring life, nor is it related to death
in any direct way. It is simply a plain
Business Money Contract,
without any semblance of benevolence or
of sentiment about it.' The contract says
nothing about continuing the husband to
the wife, nor the father to the children. It
cannot insure affection nor care. It merely
insures the continuance of the pecuniary in-
come in case of the decease of the “ bread-
winner,” and it gives to liim freedom
from anxiety.
It is not only right that this income should
be continued to the wife in virtue of her
relationship, but certainly to the children,
which right she has no right either to dis-
claim, or to avoid enforcing.
An Important Right•
It is also right that the “bread-winner”
should do his work most easily, and
she certainly has no right, for the gratifica-
tion of some present usually unimportant
desire, to prevent the wise fruition of all
those rights—her own, her children’s, her
husband’s. It is as unwise as it is injudi-
cious and wrong.
Man a Property, Mis Value.
The “ bread-winner ” is a property in one
sense. What man, what woman, would al-
low a house to be jeopardized by fire—or a
ship by marine disasters, without using the
expedient insurance? Why jeopardize the
more important property—the income of
the labor of a husband or a father—with-
out insurance ? Insurance is as protective
and as proper in the one case as in the other.
A man who earns but $1.00 per day, oi
$300.00 per year for his family, above his
own cost of subsistence, is to them a capital
of $6,000, yielding 5 per cent. net. If he
earn $1,000 for them, he is a $20,00C
capital, yielding 5 per cent. Are suet
families poor ? If not rich, they are well-to-
do, and should hold their heads as high as ii
their capital was in stock, or houses, or ships.
The only drawback upon the property is its
liability to the contingency of life; re-
move the pecuniary effects of that by secure
Term-Life (Labor-Term) Insurance, Natural
Premiums (with Returns), upon Gradec
Risks, and the income of their property
becomes a permanency, and makes
the family independent in case of Best
Grade Bisks, which can be covered foj
so small a premium that they can af
ford to pay premiums sufficient to insure
the full amount that they yearly eari
for their dependants during that pe
riod when insurance is needed.
Additional Points.
Annual Income.—It is not usually best for the family to receive a large Assuranci
at once. It should, for their welfare, be paid in stated instalments, corresponding to thei:
previous income. A smaller amount of Assurance may thus he made to cover the years o
need. Ten thousand dollars at interest will yield but $700 annually ; but if the interest an<
principal be paid at the rate of $1,000 a year, it will usually last as long as absolutely needed
—$15,000 certainly will. Thus the Income is secured.
The money should not be held by the Company, but invested in Bond and Mortgage
under the direction of the Probate Judge. This Company will do this, when requested
without charge.
In case of Sickness.—A small additional premium may be paid—none of it to b
used by the Company—and if the person is sick more than three months of the year, hi
premium will be paid from the fund thus provided.
Income in ease of Sickness for an entire year or more, may be provided b;
the payment of an additional small premium ; when the amounts annually payable to th
family in case of his death will be paid, as long as they would have lasted to the family, i
he remain sick so long. Does not this expedient provide a full income protection ?
Is it not a good thing ?
Send for Documents explaining fully each part, to the American Popular, 419-421
"Rvna rl wair "NT V“ Life Insurance ts a humbug,
a swindle
“Life Insurance is the greatest
blessing ever invented
Can Both be True ?-----------Yes.
“ Hoiv can that be
Ordinary so-called life insurance, at best,
is very wzequitable ; usually for the most part
speculative, gambling, and deceptive, and has
no right to be called by that name, which it
has disgraced.
True, pure Life Insurance is equitable,
the best means of relieving anxiety, giving a
peaceful mind in regard to the pecuniary pro-
tection of a family, and worth much more
than the cost to the probably Long-lived.
The Insurance Journal of Hartford says,
“■In Illinois the death losses to the compa-
nies are double, Kentucky more than double,
Michigan 50 pr. ct. more than in Connecticut.”
What sense then, or equity, in . making a
Hew England best grade man pay the same
premium as a person in those states pays?
Is it not an imposition upon him ? Yet the same premium is charged to all of the same
age in every company, except in the
AMERICAN POPULAR LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY.
It alone Grades and Rates each person according to his individual
probabilities of living,—deduced from his
Ancestry, Constitution, Habits, Vocation,
Residence, Intelligence, Instincts, Health, Age, &c.
thus giving to each person the advantage or disadvantage of his own peculiar life character-
istics, greatly favoring the probably long-lived, which most of New England’s sons are.
To be graded and rated costs nothing; is very useful, even if no insurance is wanted.
cost'? Term-Life (Labor-Term) Insurance—“ Natural Premium”;
Hon. Oliver Pillsbury, K. H. Insurance Commissioner, unanimously allowed to be one of the
most discreet and discerning of men, was the first of Commissioners to plainly state in a Report the
value of Term-Life Insurance : He says,
“ A Term-life policy to tide over the uncertain results of business enterprises, or the period in which
the family is dependent upon its natural supporter, viz. : before children arrive at a suitable age to pro-
vide for themselves, is a valuable possession. This form of policy is commending itself to general favor.”
The recent Report of the Missouri Commissioner speaks equally strongly to the same point.
Other companies—for good reasons—not being able to apply these ideas, so valuable to
the probably long-lived, “ make faces ” and “call names ” at this Company, and try to show
that the more a man pays for even a poorer thing the better off he is. Let the probably long-
lived hear what they say, but also get our documents, and then judge of the facts.
Insurance can be made through the mail. If an agency is not near, send for Documents,
(enclose stamp,) to American Popular Life, 419 & 421 Broadway, N. Y.
(T. S. Lambert, M.D., President.
Moreau Morris, M.D., Surg.-in-Chief.	Remember that Insurance to
__________________ Agent-in-Chief.	the Probably long-lived costs less in
B. F. Bancroft, Treasurer.	this Company than in any other.
James Cruikshank, LL.D,, Sec’y.DOREMUS’ PATENT RUBBER SPRING CHAIRS
Are the most Comfortable and Durable that have ever been produced. These chairs are
manufactured in great variety, and sold at wholesale and retail by
PHELPS, DOREMUS & CORBETT,
near Broadway.	264- & 266 Canal Street, New York.
The PATENT RUBBER SPRINGS are manufactured exclusively by
WM, T. DOREMUS & CO., 266 Canal Street, New York, and by them
Chair Makers, and the Trade generally, will be supplied with the Springs adapted
for use on any chair.
The Easy Arm-Chair, with “ANATOMICAL BACK,” exactly fitting the
small of the back and supporting every part of it perfectly, is the most desirable
present that can be made to a gentleman, either for his office, library, or parlor. •
“Messrs. Phelps, Doremus & Corbett.
‘ ‘Gentlemen—The 1 Anatomical Back, Rubber Spring, Arm Revolving Chair1 is the most
comfortable and convenient of any chair that I have ever used. Respectfully,
T. S. Lambert,” M.D.
“ I heartily concur in Dr. Lambert’s recommendation. James Cruikshank,” LL.D.
PIANOS AND ORGANS.
S. X. BALL Sc CO.,
15 East Fourteenth Street, New York.
GRAND, SQUARE AND UPRIGHT. CHICKERING’S, STEIN-
WAY’S, S. X. BALL & CO.’S, AND OTHERS.
PARLOR ORGANS,
With and without Mechanical Attachment.
I3JDUOEMEUTS FOB G A. S ZEE _
On Installments and for Rent.
PIANOS & ORGANS REPAIRED AT REASONABLE PRICES.
HOLIDAY PRESENTS!
Nothing is more comfortable in a home than a comfortable chair. Rattan chairs are comfortable.
One of the most acceptable presents to a gentleman, is a RATTAN ARM-CHAIR.
One of the most acceptable presents to a lady, is a RATTAN SEWING-CHAIR,
I respectfully call the attention of the public to my superior
RATTAN FURNITURE.
They are of the most approved designs, and are not excelled for workmanship, durability, material and
finish, by any in the market; and for comfort, they cannot be surpassed by even the best upholstered
work. This Furniture is now universally approved, not only for the piazza, but for the sitting-room,
library, reception-room and parlor. My prices are as low as can be afforded consistent with good
q lality and workmanship. I am constantly manufacturing new designs, and feel confident that my
efforts in this branch of business will meet with due appreciation.
A LIBERAL DISCOUNT TO THE TRADE.
Orders for furnishing Hotels, Summer Residences and Private Dwellings, promptly attended to.
Rattan Chairs, Settees, &c., made to order.
Call and see our Samples, or send for a Circular showing by Cuts our Styles.
E. NT E W T O N ,
sept. 1st, 1874.	371 Pearl Street.WILLIAM WOOD & COMPANY,
PUBLISHERS,
27 GREAT JONES STREET, NEW YORK.
PRINCIPLES OF PHYSIOLOGY. Designed for
the Use of Schools, Academies, Colleges, and the General Reader. Comprising a familiar
explanation of the Structure and Functions of the Organs of Man, illustrated by comparative
reference to those of the Inferior Animals. Also, an Essay on the Preservation of Health. By
J. Comstock and B. M. Comings, M.D.
A quarto, with fourteen quarto plates, over eighty engravings on wood, in all
. nearly two hundred figures. Colored, $3.00; Uncolored, $2.25.
SYSTEMATIC HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY, ANA-
TOMY AND HYGIENE. Being an Analysis and Synthesis of
the Human System, with Practical conclusions. Many new and
complete illustrations. By T. S. Lambert, M.D., LL.D.
{For fifteen years the Professor and Lecturer upon these subjects in nwnerous
standard institutions throughout the land: Pittsfield, Claverack, etc., etc., Author
of works upon “ Longevity f also of the ‘ ‘ Science of Biometry“ Food for the
Brain f and various other Books upon kindred subjects.)
In one handsome large l2mo volume, of 450 pages, illustrated by numerous
full-page plates, and several hundred fine wood engravings. Bound in half
roan, muslin sides. Price $1.50.
This is the first instance in which an attempt has been made to produce an
Analytic and Synthetic classification of the parts of the Human Body. The attempt
has been successful, and the work is made a classic on that account; the method is
natural, rigidly correct and complete, and therefore is and must remain the standard.
This wholly new method is found to be very interesting in itself, presenting new
views of the relations of the parts of the body, while their intention and structure
are thus made much more easy to learn, to understand, and to remember.
ANALYSIS.
Chap. 1.—Of Man into Mind and Body.
Chap. 2.—Of Body into Six Natural Divisions.
Chap. 3.—Of Divisions into Two Mechanisms.
Chap. 4.—Of Mechanisms into Ten Apparatus.
Chap. 5.—Of Apparatus into Thirty-nine kinds of
Organs.
Chap. 6.—Of Organs into SixTissues ; 14 Liquids.
Chap. 7.—Of Tissues into Thirteen Elements.
Chap 8.—Review, etc.
SYNTHESIS.
Chap. 1.—Of Elements into Six Tissues.
Chap. 2.—Of Tissues into Thirty-nine kinds of
Organs.
Chap. 3.—Of Organs into Ten Apparatus.
Chap. 4.—Of Apparatus into Two Mechanisms.
Chap. 5.—Of Mechanisms into Six Divisions.
Chap. 6.—Of Divisions into the Body.
Chap. 7.—Of Body and Mind into Man.
Chap. 8.—Review, etc.
In this book there will be found a chart which synoptically presents the whole
subject under the eye at once, affording a pleasure and an instruction that can be
appreciated only by an inspection. {Enlarged for class or public use.)
“ Much of the practical value of this work and chart, and of their fascinating inter-
est, is due to the rational order of presentation. Physiology being made, as it ought,
to precede Anatomy; for as the Author justly says : ‘Functions are not performed
because certain parts exist; but conditional parts exist because (in the perfection of
the human economy) certain functions must be performed.’
“ Subjects also should be studied under divisions and sub-divisions made in accor-
dance with the purposes or uses for which the different parts of the body are designed,
and thus are clearly shown the relations of all the parts, each to the other, to the
whole body and to the mind.”
LAMBERT’S ANATOMICAL PLATES. Six in
set. Figures three feet long, handsomely colored, mounted on
rollers. Price $15.00; or in sheets,
Plate I. Anterior plane of the skeleton, showing
the ligaments on the left side and large arteries of
arm and leg.
Plate II. Lateral plane. Superficial and deep
muscles. Muscles of the os hyoides.
Plate III. Posterior plane. Studies of the
ganglions and their nerves. Studies of the fifth
and seventh cerebral pairs.
9.OO.
Plate IV. Physics of light and vision.
Plate V. Anterior plane. Subcutaneous veins,
and deep vessels.
Plate VI. Trunk, front walls removed, showing
thoracic and abdominal viscera. Diaphragm.
Horizontal and Perpendicular section of lung
and heart.SEWING MACHINE INDUSTRY.
The development of the Sewing Machine Industry has con-
tributed its share to the prosperity of New York, as illustrated
by the Wheeler & Wilson Sewing Machine Company.
At the various World Exhibitions in London, Paris, and
Vienna, the highest prizes have been awarded to them as well
as in New York.	This city has therefore the credit of leading
the world in this industry.
The growth of the Sewing Machine industry illustrates the
rapid development of useful inventions in our country, and the
especial disposition of New Yorkers to favor and accept them. The
number of Machines made by this Company now exceeds 1,000,000,
produced latterly at the rate of one a minute of the ten hours of
a working day, and they are familiarly known throughout the
civilized world as coming from New York.
The new quarters to which this Company is about removing
—No. 44, 14th Street, Union Square—are unsurpassed for beauty
and convenience, by any business house in the world. It is an
honor to them, and is in keeping with their position in the indus-
trial and commercial world.
t
Their faith in the business is illustrated not only by theii
sumptuous building on Union Square, but by their new No. 6
Sewing Machine, upon which they have already expended more
than $300,000. Of it the five judges of the American Institute
unanimously report: u A machine which, by the proof submitted.,
we are satisfied must eventually supersede all others now known
with which it comes in competition,” and they recommend for
the Wheeler & Wilson New No. 6 Machine the highest
AWARD WHICH IT IS IN THE POWER OF THE INSTITUTE TO BESTOW.PUBLICATIONS OF THE
American Popular Life Insurance Company,
SENT FREE TO ANY ADDRESS (WITH STAMP).
LATEST.
SANITARY TRACTS, for General Distribution :
No. 1.—Introduction. 1. Mottis in the Candle : Licentiousness, Intemperance. 2. Another
Moth: Gambling. 3. Tobacco.
(Thousands of this ham been already circulated and read ; catted unanimously the
most interesting and useful writing that has ever been issued from any press. A copy
should be in every family, and read by every person.)
No. 2.—Causes, etc., Typhoid Fever. {Preparing.)
No. 3.—{In Press.) Alcohol Not a Food. By the celebrated Dr. Edmunds, of England.
GENERAL CIRCULAR. With complete Tables. CONTENTS : 1.—WHY INSURE ?
2.—WHAT IS LIFE INSURANCE ?	3.—HOW INSURE ?	4.—WHERE INSURE ?
5.—WHEN INSURE ?	6.—WHO SHOULD INSURE ?
Dr. Morris’ Annual Report, and Dr. Lambert on Medical Examination.
Dr. Morris* Quarterly Report, (1874.)
Life is a Property.
Labor-Term Insurance.
Perfected Plan of the American Popular.
Biometry; or the Science and Art of Measuring Probable Lifetimes.
Anecdotes of Old People. American. 32 pages.
**	“	“	Modern European. 32 pages.
“	“	“	Ancient. 8 pages.
Causes and Indications of Longevity. By Benjamin Rush, M. D., (First published in
1783.) 12 pages.
Prize Essay:—Relations of Different Professions and Vocations to Longevity.
64 pages.
Prize Essay:—Relations of Temperance and Intemperance to Life Insurance.
16 pages.
Treatise on the Methods of Attaining a Long Life. By Lewis Comaro, a noble Vene-
tian, written when he was 83 to 96. 24 pages.
Lord Bacon on Longevity. 24 pages.
Rush, on Old Age.
Criticism on Insurance, and Reply. 16 pages.
Longevity and Compound Interest. 16 pages.
Report of Hon. A. W. Paine, Insurance Commissioner of Maine. 16 pages.
Lambert’s Chart of Physiology, Anatomy, and Hygiene.
Lambert’s Lectures on Insurance. 1st and 2d series. 12 pages.
Tendencies of Insurance Laws. How the laws may make a weak Company appear strong,
' and a strong Company weak.
Lecture to Young People. By the celebrated Dr. Waterhouse, (1804,) on Temperance and
Tobacco.
American System of Insurance. (Leaflet). 12 pages.
Plans and Methods of the American Popular. (Leaflet). 12 pages.
LONGEVITY. A New and Remarkable Work in two parts. Bound in Flexible Cloth. Sent
postpaid. $1.00. fg	TS
CONTENTS, PART I.	^
1.	An Exposition of the Laws of Life, Exhibited in Inheritance, with Personal Indications of Lon-
gevity. T. S. Lambert; M. D., New York.
2.	Physical Signs of Longevity in Man : Prize Essays by John H. Griscom, M. D., New York, and
J. V. C. Smith, M. D., Boston.
3.	Brief Remarks upon Medical Examinations. C. L. Hubbell, M. D., Troy.
CONTENTS, PART H.
i. Practical Relations of “ Biometry ” (the Measure or Span of Life—a New Philosophy) to Life
Insurance, explaining the necessity for, and origin of, the new methods of equalizing Premiums
and Insurance, and of thoroughly grading and rating the insured.
? Plain and interesting answers to the questions : What is Insurance ? What is Life Insurance ?
What are the Best Methods of Insurance ? By T. S. Lambert, M. D., Pres’t, and Fred. Shon
nard, (formerly) Sec’y.ADVERTISEMENT.
We were so much pleased with the sermon of the Rev. Doctor Rogers that we
have obtained the privilege of publishing it, with the intent of giving it a very
extended reading; and, for the puipose of enabling all those who think as we do
of the justness of his views and the eloquence with which he presents them, to
aid in this laudable work, we have arranged to furnish the discourse at so low a
price that all patriotic men, or women, can gratify their feelings of pride in our
goodly city by presenting a hundred or a thousand to friends outside as well as
within the city.
The mercantile prosperity of our great city is to a degree retarded by the
erroneous ideas impressed in various ways upon our country cousins and upon the
citizens of other cities.
If every clergyman would emulate the example so wisely set by the Rev. Dr.
Rogers, and would discourse occasionally upon the topic that he has illustrated so
well, not only our proper pride would be cultivated but our commercial values
would be increased.
If our newspapers and other journals which are not in the ranks of politics
would be careful not to “ foul their own nests,” it would be better.
After a long and more varied business-life than most men enjoy in New York,
though not native to it, we can truly say, from our extensive transactions with
men of every class, that while in enterprise (which too often is associated with a
depressed moral sense) New York is unexampled; in integrity and also in all the
manly virtues, her citizens are the peers of the citizens of any other city in the
vorld.
U. S. PUBLISHING CO.,
13 University Place.
'	MAY BE OBTAINED OF
| ROBERT GARTER fy BROTHERS, 530 BROADWAY.
E. P. BUTTON 8? CO./ 713 BROADWAY.
And of all Boohsellers.
Price,	$5.00 per hundred.
r*14	THANKSGIVING DISCOURSE.
Jarvis, Durand, Inman, Kensett. Theology still reveres
the memory of Livingston and Linn, Mason and Rogers,
Moore and Hobart, Asbury and Foster, Spring and Bethnne,
Alexander and DeWitt. Commerce boasts her Morris and
Astor and Bayard and Boorman and Minturn and Steward
and Griswold and Grinnell. A city with such names en-
graven on her rolls, to say nothing of the distinguished men
now living, is surely “no mean dtp.”
I have scarcely time to advert to the externals of our city.
Her position at the confluence of these noble rivers; her
splendid harbor, affording safe anchorage for the navies of
the world; her magnificent warehouses, her fine avenues,
her houses replete with more conveniences and comforts
than the dwellings of any people in the world ; her public
libraries, her museums of science and art; her imperial
Park, unequalled by any in Europe ; her splendid churches;
her unfailing supply of pure water flowing through three
hundred miles of pipe, to pour its healthful streams into
every dwelling; her 15,000 lamps, which like twinkling
stars illuminate her 700 streets; her various railways
stretching out of the city in all directions, and carrying to
and fro four millions of passengers every year; her twenty-
five ferries, transporting daily across her two rivers, and
down the bay, nearly 200,000 persons, while her street rail-
ways carry some sixty million passengers yearly—when
we consider all these elements of greatness and power,
surely every one of us can say with truth, “ I am a citizen
of no mean city.”
But these elements of material greatness, grand though
they be, and creditable as they are to our history, are not
all that go to make up the glory of Hew York.
The people of this country—and it is after all the people
who make the country—were made of the richest material
in the world. The best of the best races were sifted out in
the providence of God, and reserved as the seed for the
virgin soil of this western world.
Of the first settlers on this island, Chancellor Kent has
said that they “were grave, temperate, firm, persevering
men, who brought with them the industry, the economy,
the simplicity, the integrity, and the bravery of theirHOME SCIENCE:
A New Monthly,
IN POPULAR LANGUAGE AND DICTION.
About the First of January, 1875,
The United States Publishing Company
13 UNIVERSITY PLACE AND TENTH ST., N. Y. CITY,
Will issue a Quarto Miscellany, filled with short interesting and instructive
articles, in regard to Home matters, which have their foundation in science, each
page being devoted to a distinct subject:
Home, Finances, Saving, Spending, Investing.
Ventilation, Drainage, Sewerage, etc.
Food—How to Buy it, and Where.
Fducation, Literature, etc.
Clotliing— Quality, Price, Style, etc., etc.
It is intended to make a miscellany which shall be useful and welcome in
every home; pleasing, yet not trashy; sound and scientific, yet popular and
readable by every one.
All its ardeles will be reliable, and written by, or selected from those of un-
doubted authority.
The intention is to fill a place unoccupied at present by what appears to be
demanded very generally in city and in country.
We make Elegant Work, at Reasonable Prices, that will compare favorably with
anything in America or Europe.
PRICE OF OUR ELEGANT CARDS REDUCED TO $4.00 PER DOZEN.
Is the only one in New York that the Exhibition Gallery is on the First Floor.
On its walls may be seen the pictures of our most Eminent Men and Women,
taken during life, and from small photos, after death—making which is one of
our specialties.
SPECIMEN COPIES GRATIS AS SOON AS ISSUED.
SEND FOR ONE.
BROADWAY, at 27th STREET.
No connection with, any other Gallery.
We have a CARTE DE VISITE of the Reverend Author of “ The Glory
of New York,” which we will be happy to give to any gentleman or lady who
would like to see a picture of Dr. Rogers, and will call for it./ SOMETHING- PLEASANT
<v
TO RE£D ABOUT,	TO THINK ABOUT,
TO HEAR ABOUT,	TO TALK ABOUT,
SOMETHING PLEASANT TO KNOW AND TO DO.
Suppose that Mr. Stewart or some other
rich, reliable man should say to the reader:
“ I have, through my lawyer and banker,
provided that whenever you die your heirs
shall receive live, ten, or twenty thousand
dollars, for which no consideration is de-
manded, nor will any be accepted.”
Would not that be pleasant to hear, to
think, to talk about?
Or if he should say: “If you live until a
given date, you shall receive five, ten, or
twenty thousand dollars, ” would not that
be pleasant ?
Would not almost every man accept
either or both propositions with satisfac-
tion ? Would not his whole family unite
iheir prayers for blessings on the head of
:heir benefactor ?
There cannot, then, be any doubt about
die desirability of having a provision of a
respectable sum of money made for a man’s
family in case of his early death, nor for
himself if he lives until the years of need.
The Question.
The question is not, then, of the desira-
bility, but solely in regard to the cost and
Hie security.
In fact, these two things, to provide for
bne’s own family in the early occurrence of
he dreaded contingency of every life, and
o provide for one’s own time of need, are
he great stimulants to the chief part of the
lard work of mankind.
To earn our daily bread requires effort
md prevision; still more work of muscle
md brain is needed to store up for old age,
nd to provide for a dependent family a
csource in case of the unexpected death of
heir “bread-winner.”
To store for advanced years is the work
)f time, industry and economy. But
he effect of our early taking off can be fully
provided against neither by intelligent in-
dustry nor the most scrupulous economy.
Time
is an essential element in the accumulation
which premature decease terminates.
Riches, then, must be inherited, received
by other donations, or else some tempo-
rary expedient must be invented,
which shall give to the family a correspond-
ing resource in case of the untimely decease
of the one upon whom it is dependent.
The sole questions are—Does the expe-
dient exist ? Is it not too costly ? Is it cer-
tainly secure ?
Important Consideration.
First, we argue that it should be sought
more on account of the man than on account
of his family; to give him that tone and
freedom from anxiety which makes labor
light and most productive, to reward him
with a joy above all others to the true man,
a provision for his family; and to prevent
his feeling a necessity for a parsimonious
economy lest, ere the family is provided for,
the dread contingency shall occur; for in
this case he does not expend as liberally as
will be for the good of his growing fami-
ly, or for his own welfare ; to expend judi-
ciously is quite as important as to econo-
mize judiciously; spendthrifts need the lat-
ter counsel. But the man who finds his
highest satisfaction in the most self-denying
economy, because it tends to provide for his
family, is worthy of being rewarded by the
use of an expedient which will provide for
his family in case of the necessity, and also
permit him to expend what is necessary for
their and his present and also future good
and highest enjoyment.
There is an Expedient.
It is only intended to be temporary, dur-
ing that part of the productive period of a
lmans life, while his family is growing, and
before the time has sufficed to harvest the
store which his industry and economy will
provide—or until the maturity of his family
has made them no longer dependants upon
him, but changed them into his willing sup-
porters, if need be.
What is desired. What not.
It is not desired nor intended to relieve
man from labor, but to make it easier and
more productive; not to dispense with
economy, only to relieve its stringency; it
is not a gambling nor speculative expedient,
a creative power producing wonders out of
nothing, nor emptying one man’s pocket to
fill that of another; it is no scheme; no
consolation to the lazy; no means to aid
wickedness in any form. It is desirable for
the use and the blessing of the industrious,
the economical, the worthy, and as a relief
to over-arduous labors, to over-much anx-
iety, and as a reward to noble motives.
Who can enjoy it. Why,
It can be enjoyed only in the precise ratio,
in the exact measure, which he who uses it
deserves. He who feels much for his fam-
ily enjoys much when their protection is
made certain; he who has no anxiety about
his family deserves none and can have none
of the joy the other feels; the gift of a
Stewart, realizable at his death, would send
no lightning thrill through his nerves ; there
is a difference between the wicked and the
righteous, an impassable gulf.
What is the Expedient ? Mow Used.
It is very simple. Several persons agree
to contribute a certain small amount called
a premium, to a common treasury yearly
during a given period, in consideration
that if, during that period, any person shall
die, a given large amount shall be paid from
the treasury to whomsoever the party de-
ceased has designated.
Mow Enow the Cost.
It is evident, that if one out of a thousand
persons dies in a year, and each of the thou-
sand persons has paid one dollar, there will
be just $1,000 contributed by the brother-
hood to pay the designated recipient.
If two die, two dollars must have bee]
contributed by each of the thousand, in or
der to have $1,000 in the treasury to pa;
to each of the two parties designated.
For Every Death per Thousand
the “ net,” or death cost, premium mus
be $1.00. If there are five deaths the “ net ’
premium must be $5.00. If the deaths ar<
ten per thousand persons, the “net”pre
miums must be $10.00.
But the other expenses of doing the busi-
ness are considerable, and for them a sun
called loading must be added to the nei
premium, the two together constituting th<
entire or gross or office or table premium.
The Cost Evident.
It is evident that the cost must be depend
ent upon the number of deaths per thou-
sand persons, and the expenses of doing the
business. If the deaths are very few, the
contribution of a small sum severally from
many will yield a large sum to each of the
deceased without burdening any, But ij
the rate of deaths is large the contributions
must be also so large that the expedient wil.’
be too costly to work well.
The deaths among the younger ages, up
to past the prime of life, are few; above thai
period they grow rapidly more numerous
as old age comes on.
Fortunate Circumstance.
But, as seen, the expedient is as a ruk
needed only during the earlier years,
when the ratio of death is small, and
when the premiums are therefore also
small and can be well afforded by most.
Grand Question Affecting Cost.
Shall the cost be considered as that of in-
suring all in the community ? There must
then be a law compelling all to unite in the
brotherhood: otherwise the best risks will
not come in, while the inferior risks will be
sure to take advantage of the provision and
make the cost so high that it would not
work. This proves that when we are reckon-
ing the cost of the expedient, it is essential
to consider something besides age.
Mow Diminish Death Mates.
It may be said that the persons admit-eel to the brotherhood should be in sound
lealth. That is what is said in certain old
>]ans; and those only who are sound being
eceived, the number of dying per year ought
o be somewhat diminished.
But of those sound to-day, several will
>e sick ere the year is out—some to death,
—some to get well; and of those sick to-
lay, most will be well ere six months are
)ast. The question is, then, still farther—
What will prevent sickness and death?
We find that those who are intelligent
n regard to care of health, who have a
rood residence, good vocation, good habits,
vill promote their health, prevent untimely
leath, and reduce the cost of the desirable
expedient. But again we find that of two
persons who are noticed, one, who is not as
*ood in the respects before mentioned as
:he other, lives the longer, and appears a
contradiction to what has just been said.
Important 'Reason.
Upon examination we find that the longer-
.ived had a better original constitution
chan the shorter-lived one.
Most Important Question of all.
Can we determine, to any practical de-
cree, the probable endurance of the human
constitution ? Most certainly; and thus we
again lower the cost to those, having great
probable viability, or power of living, both
immediately and for many years.
Signs and Indications
of the probable length of any life are
numerous, and the observations of many
experts are making them more numerous
every day. One of the surest sources of
sound judgment in this matter is the physi-
cal measures, of the
Size, Form9 Color, and Texture
of the observable parts of the body. But
a most excellent trail is to be found in
the ancestry and correlative branches of
a person. If poverty of blood be found
therein, it is almost certain to carry a
taint to the person observed; but, on the
other hand, however good the ancestry, it is
not always true, more than of ancestral
riches, that it passes at all by inheritance,
and certainly not in equal ratio to all of
the descendants.
We must, therefore, always rely upon the
absolute conditions of the consti-
tution of each person for our judgment
upon its capabilities, and must apply our-
selves to learn what the indications of these
absolute conditions are.
Thus do we bring down the cost of use-
ing the expedient to its lowest point for the
very best risks, viz., those who show the best
Ancestry, Constitution,
Habits, Vocation, Residence,
Intelligence, Instincts, Health,
and whatever else, if else there be, which
affects the probabilities of life.
To such the cost of the expedient will be
so small that they can much better afford to
use it than to go without it. On account of
the freedom from anxiety that it induces
more additional labor will be performed by
a thousand best grade persons than will
suffice for the cost of insuring all of them.
UNTIL. NINE YEARS AGO WHEN THE
American Popular Life
WAS ORGANIZED,
there was no thorough grading of each
life risk in accordance with its own merits or
demerits, but there was a general aver-
aging together of all who, being sound,
passed a mere medical examination; some
who had some extra hazard of residence,
vocation, health, etc., being graded up or
charged an ‘1 extra premium, ’ ’ which amounts
to the same thing. But as yet
The American Fopulav
is the only Company in the world which
adopts the plan, originated by itself, to
grade down the best risks according
to the merits of each. Being, therefore,
THE ONLY COMPANY IN THE WOULD WHICH IS
THE BEST FOR THE BEST RISKS.
It is the sole Company which does this;
not because the idea is not allowed to be
good by other companies, but because they,
having started with the old averaging plan,
if they should adopt the method of gradingA Word to the
Wife and Mother,
She will perceive, if she has attentively
read the preceding, that the expedient has
been wrongly named. It has nothing to do
with insuring life, nor is it related to death
in any direct way. It is simply a plain
Business Money Contract,
without any semblance of benevolence or
of sentiment about it. ’ The contract says
nothing about continuing the liusband to
the wife, nor the father to the children. It
cannot insure affection nor care. It merely
insures the continuance of the pecuniary in-
come in case of the decease of the “ bread-
winner,” and it gives to liim freedom
from anxiety.
It is not only right that this income should
be continued to the wife in virtue of her
relationship, but certainly to the children,
which right she has no right either to dis-
claim, or to avoid enforcing.
Man a Property. His Value.
The “ bread-winner ” is a property in one
sense. What man, what woman, would al-
low a house to be jeopardized by fire—or a
ship by marine disasters, without using the
expedient insurance? Why jeopardize the
more important property—the income of
the labor of a husband or a father—with-
out insurance ? Insurance is as protective
and as proper in the one case as in the other.
A man who earns but $1.00 per day, 01
$300.00 per year for his family, above hia
own cost of subsistence, is to them a capital
of $6,000, yielding 5 per cent. net. If he
earn $1,000 for them, he is a $20,000
capital, yielding 5 per cent. Are such
families poor ? If not rich, they are well-to-
do, and should hold their heads as high as if
their capital was in stock, or houses, or ships.
The only drawback upon the property is its
liability to the contingency of life; re-
move the pecuniary effects of that by secure
Term-Life (Labor-Term) Insurance, Natural
Premiums (with Returns), upon Graded
Risks, and the income of their property
becomes a permanency, and makes
the family independent in case of Best
Grade Bisks, which can be covered for
so small a premium that they can af-
ford to pay premiums sufficient to insure
tlie full amount that they yearly earn
for their dependants during that pe-
riod when insurance is needed.
An Important Bight,
It is also right that the “bread-winner”
should do his work most easily, and
she certainly has no right, for the gratifica-
tion of some present usually unimportant
desire, to prevent the wise fruition of all
those rights—her own, her children’s, her
husband’s. It is as unwise as it is injudi-
cious and wrong.
Additional Points,
Annual Income.—It is not usually best for the family to receive a large Assurance
at once. It should, for their welfare, be paid in stated instalments, corresponding to their
previous income. A smaller amount of Assurance may thus be made to cover the years of
need. Ten thousand dollars at interest will yield but $700 annually ; but if the interest and
principal be paid at the rate of $1,000 a year, it will usually last as long as absolutely needed :
—$15,000 certainly will. Thus the Income is secured.
The money should not be held by the Company, but invested in Bond and Mortgage
under the direction of the Probate Judge. This Company will do this, when requested,
without charge.
In case of Sickness. A small additional premium may be paid—none of it to be
used by the Company—and if the person is sick more than three months of the year, his
premium will be paid from the fund thus provided.
Income in case of Sickness for an entire year or more, may be provided by
the payment of an additional small premium ; when the amounts annually payable to the
family in case of his death will be paid, as long as they would have lasted to the family, if
he remain sick so long. Does not this expedient provide a full income protection ?
Is it not a good thing ?
Send for Documents explaining fully each part, to the American Popular, 419-421,
Broadway, N. Y.
5THANKSGIVING DISCOURSE.
13
Missionary Societies of tlie different Christian denomina-
tions, the American Seamen’s Friend Society, and others
whose annual income from the benevolent contributions of
their friends has amounted in one year to $6,000,000 !
Let me speak here of two of the wisest and best of the
charities of New York. The Association for Improving the
Condition of the Poor of our City, in the thirty years of its
existence has relieved more than 200,000 families and dis-
tributed nearly $1,500,000. The Children’s Aid Society,
whose important work is rescuing friendless children from
the streets, and providing comfortable homes for them at
the West,' in twenty years has gathered into such homes
more than 28,000 children, and expended for their benefit
$1,250,000!
From this brief and very imperfect sketch of the progress
of New York in two hundred and fifty years, from a hand-
ful of settlers on a savage island, to a magnificent city, dis-
tinguished for such a growth in population, commerce,
monetary power, education, benevolence, and religion, as
has never been equalled in the history of the world, may we
not say that we are citizens “of no mean city”
May we not count it a legitimate subject of thanks to-day,
that God has made our home in this metropolis of the great
western world %
How thoroughly this city of ours has been identified with
every great discovery and invention, which during the last
half century has added so much to the progress, wealth, and
comfort of the world ! The names of Fulton, Morse, and
Field alone—men whose fame is cosmopolitan—will always
give lustre to her history.
Indeed, the names of the distinguished sons of New York
form a galaxy of light which brilliantly illuminates the
pages of her records.
Statesmanship and patriotism still make grateful mention
of Hamilton, Clinton, Jay, Livingston, Yarick, Benson, and
Rutgers. Jurisprudence commemorates a Kent, a Hoffman,
a Griffin, an Ogden, a Lord, a Slosson, and a Noyes. Medi-
cine speaks in terms of eulogy of Bard, Hosack, Mott, Fran-
cis, and Reese. Science and art speak proudly of Hosack,
Torrey, Chilton, Renwick, Griscom. Joslyn, Fulton, Morse,THANKSGIVING DISCOURSE.
11
lion in this city, the answer would only add to the illustra
tions already given of the glory of New York.
The four great public libraries of the city contain 300,000
volumes, and do a grand educating work for our citizens.
The Cooper Union, with its library, reading-room, lecture
halls, and various schools of science and art, for seven years
has been the monument of the illustrious citizen whose name
it bears, and educates 1,000 pupils annually.
The public-school system of this city originated in 1805.
The first school was opened with forty scholars. What won-
derful progress has been made in these seventy years ! The
number of scholars now in the public schools, including the
corporate charities, is 236,453 !
The number of school-houses is 109. They average in size
50 by 100 feet, and are three and four stories high. The
ground on which they stand costover $'3,000,000, and the
buildings have cost $5,647,000 !
There was expended last year for school education
$3,479,000, being no less than fourteen dollars, a year for
each pupil!
In addition to these, we must reckon the vast number of
private schools ; the colleges ; the schools of law, medicine,
and divinity; the schools of science and art, and we find that
the aggregate of money devoted to the purposes of educa-
tion in this city swells to the enormous amount, if we in-
clude the interest on the cost of school property, of at least
$5,000,000.
Surely a city that spends five millions a year for the edu-
cation of its youth may well be called “ no mean city !55
And now the question must be, What are the.records of be-
nevolence and religion in this great city % Are they on a scale
corresponding to those which we have already described %
And first as to the churches.
The first church ever organized in this city, in 1628, first
worshipped in the loft of a mill; but in 1642, a stone church,
72 by 50, was built within the fort on the Battery. There
the congregation worshipped till 1693, when the first Grarden
Street Church was built. The corporate name of this church
is still “The Reformed Protestant Dutch Church in Grarden
Street, in the city of New York.55