TEHART GOMMEM0RAT1©M:^ 
 
 .WKSHEAD SGHOOt 
 
 >«.<.' ^'". 
 
 
 r^*''"^*. 
 

 D^3 y^ 
 
 if 
 )43^ 
 
 CORNELL 
 
 UNIVERSITY 
 
 LIBRARY 
 
 THE 
 WORDSWORTH COLLECTION 
 
 FOUNDED BY 
 CYNTHIA MORGAN ST. JOHN 
 
 THE GIFT OF 
 VICTOR EMANUEL 
 
 OF THE CLASS OF I919 
 
ARCHBISHOP SMDYS' ENDOWED 
 
 SCHOOL, 
 
 HAWKSHEAD, NEAR AMBLESIDE. 
 
 Thursday, September 17th, 1885. 
 
 KENDAL : 
 PRINTED BY ATKINSON AND POLLITT. 
 
 ! ('1:1 
 

 / 
 
 
 Wo^ 
 
 
 /\lj3Zofl 
 
 \\"^'^ 
 
^t^^W^lt^^p |»mlp* i«tfw# §timl 
 
 HAWKSHEAD, NEAR AMBLESIDE, 
 
 FOUNDED 1B85. 
 
 The Right Reverend The LORD BISHOP OF CARLISLE. 
 
 T. Bowman, Esq., J. P. Rev. J. Allen. 
 
 W. Alcock-Beck, Esq., J. P. V. Marshall, Esq., J. P. 
 
 W. Hopes Heelis, Esq. W. Lane, Esq. 
 
 Colonel Sandys, J. P. Rev. H. T. Baines. 
 
 The Rev. R. M. Samson, M.A., St. John's College, Camb. 
 J. C. W. Watson, Esq. 
 
TERCENTENARY COMMEMORATION OF 
 HAWKSHEAD SCHOOL. 
 
 THE Tercentenary of the Foundation of Hawkshead School 
 was celebrated on Thursday, Sept. 17th, 1885, and nothing 
 was wanting to give prestige and interest to the event, which marks 
 another epoch in the history of one of the oldest educational insti- 
 tutions in the North of England. Hawkshead Grammar School 
 was founded by Edwin Sandys, Archbishop of York, who obtained 
 letters patent from Queen Elizabeth in 1585. The Archbishop's 
 statutes are dated April ist, 1588, and they ordained amongst 
 other things " That there shall be a perpetual free school, to be 
 called ' The Free Grammar School of Edwyne Sandys,' for teaching 
 grammar and the principles of the Greek tongue, with other 
 sciences necessary to be taught in a grammar school ; the same 
 to be taught in the school freely, without taking any stipend, 
 wage, or other exactions from the scholars or any of them 
 resorting to the said school for learning : That there shall be a 
 head master and an usher ; that between the Annunciation of the 
 Virgin Mary and St. Michael the Archangel, the school shall 
 begin at six in the morning, or, at least half-past six, and continue 
 till eleven, and begin again at one, and continue till five ; and 
 that for the remainder of the year it shall begin at seven, continue 
 till eleven, be resumed at one, and continue till four, during all 
 of which time the schoolmaster and usher shall be present." 
 The master's yearly salary was originally fixed at ;^2o and the 
 usher's at ^3 6s. Sd. The pious founder endowed the school 
 with a dwelling-house and other lands for the master in the manor 
 of Hawkshead and houses near Wakefield and Doncaster, also 
 with some ground rents at Kendal. In 1675 the school was 
 rebuilt by Daniel Rawlinson, of London, and the revenue of the 
 estate in 1691 was ^34, out of which ^6 was paid to the usher. 
 In 1720 the rents had increased to ;^37 ly. \d. The Wakefield 
 
estate was afterwards sold, and the money laid out in the 
 purchase of an estate at Hawkshead. The number of boys in the 
 school has frequently been loo; pupils that lived beyond the 
 parish were expected to pay an entrance fee of two guineas, and 
 the same sum every Shrove-tide, called their " cock-penny, " which 
 was all the charge made for their education, unless they learned 
 writing and arithmetic, for which extra charges were made. In 
 later days the income of the school property amounted to ^146 
 j^s. 8)4^-, which was received by the schoolmaster who was 
 permitted to manage the school estates himself This salary was 
 exclusive of entrance money and " cock-penny." Prizes for the 
 greatest proficiency in classical learning, and to the best declaimers 
 in English, were distributed yearly out of the interest of ^100 
 left in 1816 by the Rev. W. Wilson, Vicar of Moreton. 
 
 The original constitution of Archbishop Sandys continued in 
 force until 1832, when changes had become necessary, and the 
 scheme was settled by the Master in Chancery, being finally 
 approved May 12, 1835. In 1862 an application was made to 
 the Charity Commissioners to alter this scheme, and, after 
 evidence had been taken by a commission sent down to inquire, 
 the scheme on which the school is now worked was signed 
 August 7, 1863. The school now consists of an upper and lower 
 school. The upper school has six foundation scholars, the lower 
 eight ; all other children of resident inhabitants in the parish of 
 Hawkshead to be charged not more than 5^-. a quarter in the 
 lower school, and a guinea a quarter in the higher. The school 
 still contains the rude chest, cut out of a solid block of oak, with 
 a lid fastened down by three heavy bars of iron, secured by 
 padlocks and "keys of three several fashions," which was procured 
 in the sixteenth century, according to Clause XIX. of the Arch- 
 bishop's statutes, for keeping the charter and deeds of the school. 
 Another curiosity is the ancient seal, bearing a pedagogue of the 
 period in cap, heavy Elizabethan ruff and gown, with a rod in his 
 right hand, and his left uplifted in admonition, hearing the task of a 
 scholar before him. Right and left are the arms of the See of York 
 
 1 
 
and of the Sandys' family. Above the master's head is a motto, 
 surmounted by a crescent and two stars, " Docendo Discimus ; " 
 and round the whole, "Sigillum liberse scholse grammaticae Edwyni 
 Sandes Eboracensis Archiepiscopi fundatoris." Several eminent 
 men have received their early training at this school, among others 
 Rev. George Walker; Dr. Wordsworth, late Master of Trinity 
 College, Cambridge ; Wordsworth, the poet ; Dr. King, Master of 
 Queen's College, Cambridge"] and Lofd^rougham. 
 
 The following is a list of the masters since the foundation of 
 the school, with the dates of appointment : — Peter Magson, A.M., 
 1585; Francis Magson, 1616; William Bordley, 1647; James 
 Bowness, 1669; Myles Sawrey, 1671; John Sadler, 1672; Robert 
 Myers, 1691; Robert BuUfiU, 1693; Joseph Hunter, A.M., 1717; 
 Strickland Shepherd, A.M., 17263 Richard Dixon, A.M., 1736; 
 Christopher Hall, A.M., 1745 ; Lancelot Docker, 1756 ; Richard 
 Hewitt, A.M., 1758; James Peake, A.M., 1766; Edward Christian, 
 A.M., 1781 j W. Taylor, A.M., 1781; Th. C. Bowman, A.M., 
 1786 ; Daniel Bamfield Hickie, LL.D., 1829 ; Haygarth Taylor 
 Baines, A.M., 1862 ; J. R. B. Owen, A.M., 1881. 
 
 During the three hundred years that the school has existed 
 there have been twenty-two masters, the present master being the 
 Rev. R. M. Samson, M.A., of St. John's College, Cambridge. 
 
 In 17 1 7 the Rev. Thomas Sandys, curate of St. Martin's-in- 
 the-Fields, and lecturer of St. James's Westminster, gave a good 
 collection of books to the school ; and also ;£8oo, the yearly 
 interest thereof for ever to be paid and appHed for the maintaining 
 and educating of as many poor children, belonging to the parish, 
 as the interest would bear. In 1731 George Satterthwaite, of 
 Green End, gave ^20 to be continued as a stock, and the yearly 
 interest thereof to be paid and apphed by the Governors of Hawks- 
 head school and charity towards the further maintenance and 
 education of the charity boys sent to the school. In 1756 Wm. 
 Dennison, of Roger Ground, gave to the Governors and trustees 
 ^400, to be also continued as a stock towards the further 
 maintenance and education of the said charity boys. The school 
 
library contains about i,o8o volumes, and amongst them the 
 Archbishop's own folio Bible, of date 1572, thus inscribed: — 
 " Arch. B. P. Sandys' Bible which he used in his own family, and 
 of which he was one of the translators. V. Collins's Ecclesiast. 
 Hist, vol. II, 154." (The portions of the Bible translated by 
 Archbishop Sandys were the books of Kings and Chronicles.) 
 The library also includes a quarto edition of Chaucer of 1561 ; 
 Hooker's Ecclesiastical Polity, 161 7 ; Fox's Martyrs, 1641 ; 
 Purchas, his Pilgrims, 1625 j Poole's Synopsis, 1669 ; and many 
 other books of once standard value and ancient date. It was 
 founded by the above-named Daniel Rawlinson, whose engraved 
 portrait is in the library, and who gave several books and incited 
 others to follow his example. In 1669 he gave ;^ioo to be 
 applied in divers manners to the purposes of the school. The 
 Rev. Thos. Sandys, and the Rev. William Wilson, Vicar of 
 Windermere, left certain sums to be laid out in books ; and in 
 1789 Thos. Bowman, A.M., then master, added considerably to 
 the library, and proposed that each scholar should pay to it five 
 shillings per annum, and, on leaving school, present any book or 
 books he might choose. This was carried out for a time but has 
 fallen into abeyance, the only book known to have been presented 
 to the library since Mr. Bowman's death, in 1823, being a copy in 
 sheets of Valpy's Greek Lexicon, quarto. The following books 
 have been presented to the school by several Kendal gentlemen 
 and others in the neighbourhood of North Lancashire and the 
 West Riding of Yorkshire : — Plutarch's Lives, in English, in ffol., 
 given by George Wilson, gent, of Blackball, in Kendal ; Sandys 
 (George) his TravcUs in the East, fifol, given by Mr. Miles Sandys, 
 of Graithwaite; The whole Duty of Man, in 8vo., given by 
 Edmund Gasforth, vicar of Lancaster ; Isaackson's Cronologie, in 
 ffol., given by Thomas Preston, senr., of Holker, Esq. ; Bishop 
 Andrew's Sermons in fifol., given by Daniel Fleming of Rydall, 
 Esq.; Guthrie's History of the World, 12 vols., in 8vo., the gift of 
 Henry Charles Morland, of Kendal, on their leaving the school, 
 1790; Pemberton's view of Sir Isaac Newton's Philosophy, 4to., 
 
the gift of George Millers, of Kendal, admitted at St. John's 
 College, Cambridge, from this school, 17943 Campbell's Philo- 
 sophy of Rhetoric, two vols. 8vo., the gift of Cowperthwaite Smith, 
 of Burneside, on his leaving the school, 1794 ; Mosheim's Eccle- 
 siastical History, 5 vols. 8vo., the gift of Zachary and 
 John Lodge Hubbersty, formerly of this school; Townsend's 
 Journey through Spain, 3 vols. 8vo., the gift of Mr. Thomas 
 Newton, of Ambleside, assistant in the school from the year 1791 
 to 1794; Halloran's History of Ireland, 2 vols. 4to, the gift of 
 Thomas Chambre, of Whitehaven, on leaving the school, 1791 ; 
 Smith on the Wealth of Nations, 3 vols. Svo., the gift of Gilbert 
 and James Ainslie, of Quebec, on their leaving the school, 1791 ; 
 Lady Craven's Journey through the Crimea, &c., 4to., the gift of 
 Thomas Sunderland, of Ulverston, on his leaving the school at 
 Christmas, 1791 ; Hoole's Ariosto's Orlando Furioso, 5 vols. Svo., 
 the gift of Thomas Harrison, of Kendal, John Hutchinson, of 
 Watermillock, and Godfrey Sykes, of Sheffield, admitted at 
 Cambridge from this school, 1789; Gibbon's History of the 
 Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire, 12 vols. 8vo., the gift of 
 George Preston, of Hawkshead, John Rudd, of Cockermouth, 
 Allan Chambre, of Whitehaven, Thomas Holme Maude, of 
 Kendal, Robert Balderston, of Ingleton, and Thomas Jack, of 
 Bank End, Heskett, admitted at Cambridge from this school, 
 1788; Gillies's History of Greece, 4 vols. 8vo., the gift of Robert 
 Hodgson Greenwood, of Ingleton, W. Wordsworth, of Cocker- 
 mouth, John Millar, of Presall, and Thomas Gawthorp, of 
 Sedbergh, admitted at Cambridge from this school, 1787. 
 
 The proceedings commenced on Thursday with service in the 
 Parish Church at twelve o'clock, when there was a large congrega- 
 tion. The clergy present were the Right Rev. the Bishop of 
 Carlisle, the Ven. Archdeacon Cooper, Rev. J. Allen, Hawkshead ; 
 Rev. H. Ainslie, Windermere ; Rev. T. Edge Wright, Sawrey ; 
 Rev. W, P. Dawe, Satterthwaite ; Rev. E. Stock, Ulverston ; Rev. 
 E. M. Reynolds, Ambleside j and Rev, R. M. Samson, Head 
 
10 
 
 Master of the School. The service, which was exceedingly bright 
 and hearty, was fully intoned. The prayers were said by the 
 Vicar, the Rev. J. Allen, the first hymn being "The Church's one 
 foundation." The special Psalms were the 148th, 149th, and the 
 150th. The lesson, from Proverbs xxiii., 10-26, was read by the 
 Rev. R. M. Samson. The hymn, instead of anthem, was "Praise 
 the Lord ! ye heavens adore Him," before the sermon, " All 
 people that on earth do dwell," and at the close, " Saviour blessed 
 Saviour." Mr. Wilkinson, of Kendal, presided at the organ. 
 A collection was made on behalf of the commemoration fund, 
 amounting to J[fi ts. id. 
 
 The Bishop took as his text Proverbs xxiii., 19-25: — "Hear 
 thou, my son, and be wise, and guide thine heart in the way. 
 Be not among winebibbers \ among riotous eaters of flesh : For 
 the drunkard and the glutton shall come to poverty : and drowsi- 
 ness shall clothe a man with rags. Hearken unto thy father that 
 begat thee, and despise not thy mother when she is old. Buy the 
 truth, and sell it not ; also wisdom, and instruction, and under- 
 standing. The father of the righteous shall greatly rejoice : and 
 he that begetteth a wise child shall have joy of him. Thy father 
 and thy mother shall be glad, and she that bare thee shall rejoice." 
 He said : Three hundred years ago ! It seems a long time ! If 
 we could look through these three hundred years, we should see 
 Queen Elizabeth sitting on the throne of England instead of 
 Queen Victoria. We should find men discussing the dangers of 
 the country from the enmity of the Pope, and the fleet of Spain, 
 and the secret plottings of those who wish to overthrow our 
 great Queen. We should find religious matters in a condition very 
 unsettled, and requiring all the attention and care of wise and good 
 men : we should come to the conclusion perhaps that any diffi- 
 culty which we have to deal with in these days, any questions 
 connected with rehgious controversy, and party names and divi- 
 sions, are mere trifles as compared with the giant difl3.culties and 
 the deep far-reaching questions with which Statesmen and Bishops 
 ^n4 others had to de^l in the stormy days of Queen Elizabeth, 
 
11 
 
 We should find, nevertheless, our dear old England fundamentally 
 then what she is now : the same with mighty differences such as 
 time is sure to bring about : Queen, Lords, and Commons govern- 
 ing then as they do now, but with differences : the Church of 
 England ministering to the people on the same Reformed and 
 Catholic lines, with the English Bible and the English Book of 
 Common Prayer, living in the hearts of many, thought not good 
 enough by Puritans, hated with a full and unmitigated hatred by 
 Papists, misunderstood and misrepresented by not a few, as now, 
 only of course with differences : this Church in which we are met 
 to-day standing then as now, a link between the old and the new, 
 a pledge of' the willingness of the Church of England to accept 
 the reformation of abuses and evils, while clinging to what is 
 primitive and sound and Scriptural — this very Church then what 
 it is now, only with differences, which have accumulated through 
 generations till they culminated in the restoration of the Church 
 some years ago, to the condition of beauty and fitness and con- 
 venience in which we have the happiness of seeing it to-day. 
 
 Yes ; we should be in a very different world if we could throw 
 ourselves back three hundred years into the reign of Queen 
 Elizabeth ; but I trust that, upon the whole, we should return 
 from any imaginary sojourn which we might make in that reign 
 with some satisfaction to the reign of Queen Victoria. Some 
 people have a great tendency to speak against the present and to 
 glorify the past : it is easy to find much to say in support of this 
 view. Others again have an equal tendency to glorify the present 
 at the expense of the past, and these, also, can have little difficulty 
 in finding plenty to say. But, in truth, it would seem to be the 
 right course for the wise man to look upon both sides of the 
 shield. Each age has its evils and its miseries and its sins, as 
 also it has its virtues and its joys and its excellences. Each age 
 must fight its own battles and score its own victories. I think it 
 is impossible to read the history of the days of Queen Elizabeth 
 without being proud of our ancestors, and thankful that we were 
 born Englishmen ; and if there is still an England, and an English 
 
12 
 
 character, and an English Church, and an English language, and 
 literature of which we may be proud, I believe that Englishmen 
 of the days of Queen Elizabeth had their full share in handing 
 down to us our precious inheritance ; but I am content with our 
 own days. I think the days of Queen Victoria are happier and 
 better days than those of Queen Elizabeth, as they ought to be. 
 I shall be thankful if they who worship in this Church three 
 hundred years after this date are moved to look back upon us 
 with as much reverence and respect as we may feel towards those 
 who represented English life and character three hundred years 
 ago. 
 
 There is one thing concerning which much change of opinion 
 and practice is supposed to have taken place amongst us since 
 the days of Queen EUzabeth, and specially within the last half 
 century. I mean education. This question of education neces- 
 sarily comes before our minds to-day. It is the Tercentenary 
 Festival of Hawkshead Grammar School which we are celebrating; 
 it is the foundation of a school for the boys of this village and 
 neighbourhood by Archbishop Sandys, which has caused us to 
 meet for Divine service to-day in Hawkshead Parish Church. 
 Hence it seems appropriate that I should say something about 
 education, and I think it may be possible to do so without 
 introducing controversial matter or making what I have to say 
 too dry or technical for the occasion. 
 
 This festival was to have taken place in July last, when the 
 calendar gave the daily morning lessons from the Book of 
 Proverbs. When I was asked at that time by the clergyman 
 of Hawkshead what special lesson I should wish to appoint for 
 this day's service, I replied that I thought none could be better 
 than that suggested by the calendar ; and though the day of the 
 festival has been changed, owing to unavoidable circumstances, I 
 have still held fast to a lesson from the Book of Proverbs. It 
 seemed to me that the lesson which you yourselves have now 
 heard, contained in itself the very basis of education, and, if this 
 .be so, then there is advantage in hearing a lecture on education 
 
from the Book of Proverbs, namely, that you can compare educa- 
 tional notions as they exist in these days, not merely with notions 
 which were held three hundred years ago when Hawkshead School 
 was founded, but with those which — roughly speaking — were 
 propounded on authority three thousand years ago. Archbishop 
 Sandys had his mind open, amongst other things, to the import- 
 ance of educating boys, and accordingly he gave to this village, 
 in which he was specially interested, the Grammar School which 
 has lasted from his days to our own ; therefore we look back to 
 the Archbishop not merely as a kind, but as a far-seeing, thoughtful 
 man ; he knew as well as any man of his time the dangers of his 
 country ; he believed that the best and surest cure for all its evils 
 was good education ; he believed also, no doubt, that education 
 was a good thing in itself 3 that to be able to be educated was the 
 prerogative of humanity, and that without education men could 
 not rise to that grand level of possibilities which God designed 
 for them when He breathed into the first human nostrils the 
 breath of life and made man a living soul. But I apprehend that 
 Archbishop Sandys would by no means claim to himself the credit 
 of any discovery in this matter. He would have sat in the school 
 of Solomon just as we may sit : he would say that there was 
 nothing in his views of education which you might not find in the 
 Proverbs of Solomon or in Holy Scripture generally : he would 
 have been perfectly willing to take many a passage from the 
 Proverbs of Solomon, as expressing the principles upon which, in 
 his opinion, children should be taught. 
 
 The fact is that three hundred years, or three thousand years, 
 can make no difference in the essential problem of education, 
 because they make no change in the material that is to be dealt 
 with, or in the work which has to be done. Your boy now is the 
 same creature as the boy in the days of Archbishop Sandys or the 
 boy in the days of King Solomon; the same capacity for good and 
 the same tendencies to evil ; the same danger of being petted and 
 spoilt by his parents, and the same temptation to resist the 
 commands of his father and to mock at the gentle influence of his 
 
14 
 
 mother ; the same terrible dark cave of passions in his soul, and 
 the same seeds of lust in his flesh ; the same powers of giving 
 himself to God and to hoHness, and the same possibility of 
 yielding himself body and soul to Satan and to sin. Yes ; your 
 boy, the raw material for education, is just now what he was three 
 thousand years ago ; and the work that is to be done with this 
 raw material is the same. Your machinery may have changed, 
 the things you teach and the way of teaching may be as different 
 as different can be ; codes have been revised many many times 
 since the days of Solomon, but, after all, what you want to do is to 
 make your gentle, plastic, impressionable boy into a God-fearing, 
 brother-loving, pure, honest, industrious, Christ-like man. All 
 the isms and the ologies are useful so far as they tend to this, and 
 an education which does not tend in this direction, and does not 
 on the average produce this result, is mere wind and delusion, if 
 it be not worse. 
 
 Now, I am not going to try to deduce a complete system of 
 education from the hints which Solomon gives us in the text, or 
 in the rest of the lesson which we heard to-day. I am not even 
 going to ask you to take everything that Solomon says as dictating 
 with infallible wisdom the true method of dealing with boys ; for 
 example, when he says, " Thou shalt beat him with the rod, and 
 shalt deliver his soul from hell," I would not claim that this 
 passage settles the question of corporal punishment. It recom- 
 mends no doubt a strict discipline, and to that all wise men will 
 agree, but the particular method of discipline may very well be a 
 question for circumstances and conditions which vary almost 
 indefinitely. But what I would have you to reaUse is this, that 
 in such appeals as that which we have in the text to all that is 
 highest and best in our children, in warning them against the 
 temptations of the world and the flesh, in speaking of truth as 
 the priceless possession, in pressing the value of wisdom and 
 instruction and understanding, and, lastly, in holding up as the 
 highest prize the making glad the heart of father and mother, — by 
 laying stress upon such points as these the writer of the text 
 
15 
 
 proves that he knew what ought to be the aim and what would be 
 the proof of the success of all efforts to educate our children. 
 Give me the lad who is sober, temperate, and chaste, who listens 
 to his father and does not despise his mother, who is truthful, 
 wise, and honourable, and then I care comparatively little what 
 standards he has passed, or what languages and sciences he has 
 mastered. These things will be brought forth in sufficient abund- 
 ance, according to the amount of intellectual ability with which 
 the boy has been endowed by Almighty God. These things are 
 most precious, and there are few more pardonable cases for vanity 
 than when a father or a mother rejoices in the school or college 
 triumphs of a son. But a boy may be gifted above his fellows, 
 and yet his gifts may be wasted, and his father may have none of 
 that joy of which Solomon speaks, as the lot of him who has 
 " begotten a wise child." 
 
 Some of the noblest pages in the history of England are those 
 which tell us of the efforts made by good men of old time to 
 provide for the education of their countrymen. In our own time 
 education seems to be in the air : new schools, new governing 
 bodies, constant examinations and competition for all conceivable 
 prizes and scholarships, and titles of honour, are the very substance 
 of which half English modern history is made, and I do not find 
 fault with the fact of this being so. The educational fervour of 
 our own generation may be turned to good account, and I trust 
 that it will be so : but we must never forget what we owe to the 
 pioneers of English education and the founders of schools and 
 colleges in days when education was not as accessible as it is now. 
 The founders of our colleges in Oxford and Cambridge, and in 
 their degree the founders of schools throughout the land, are 
 amongst the chief heroes and benefactors of their country; indeed 
 there are few things which a man can do which will be likely 
 to last so long and to bear such good fruit as to found some 
 educational institution upon sound and wise principles. To lay 
 house to house and field to field, to lay up riches not knowing 
 who will gather them, to found a family and estabhsh a name, 
 
1 
 
 1^ 
 
 these are things which the great majority of mankind will ever do 
 if they have an opportunity ; but to devise methods whereby they 
 who come after us shall be benefited for evermore in the highest 
 and best way conceivable, this is not a common ambition, and we 
 rightly regard with honour and affection the memory of those who 
 in days gone by have founded colleges and schools. 
 
 But it is not only as the founder of a school that I must ask you 
 to allow me to say a few words to-day concerning Archbishop 
 Sandys. 
 
 Strype tells us that the Archbishop's stock and family was from 
 St. Bees, in Cumberland, which I suspect is a mistake, and he 
 says nothing about his connection with this place, nor his being 
 born at Esthwaite, as I believe he was ; indeed the house in which 
 he was born is said to be still standing. Strype further tells us 
 that he was educated at St. John's College, Cambridge, and 
 became master of Katherine Hall. " He was, " to use Strype's 
 words, " a man of great note for his piety and sufferings under 
 Queen Mary, for his firm profession of the reformed religion, 
 narrowly escaping with his life beyond sea ; and was an exile 
 during that Queen's reign. An excellent and frequent preacher, 
 and careful Bishop of Worcester, London, and York successively, 
 not only for the maintaining of the Church, as it was established, 
 against sects, but also of its revenues, which were by greedy men 
 sought after." He seems to have been a man of strong principle 
 and calm judgment ; and there is one of his deeds which may be 
 mentioned as being very different in kind, but quite as worthy of 
 remembrance as that which we specially commemorate to-day. It 
 was to Sandys, when Bishop of London, that we are indebted for 
 the appointment of Richard Hooker to be Master of the Temple. 
 The post was vacant and there were two candidates pressed 
 upon Archbishop Whitgift, neither of whom seemed to be suitable, 
 and then Bishop Sandys intervened with the name of Richard 
 Hooker ; he had found out that great man's superlative merits ; 
 he knew his extreme modesty and humility ; and it was due to his 
 discernment that the Mastership of the Temple was held by one of 
 
17 
 
 the greatest divines that the Church of England has ever produced. 
 This good deed seems to have been done the year before the 
 foundation of Hawkshead School. 
 
 The Archbishop died in the month of July, 1588, and was 
 buried in the Collegiate Church of Southwell, which has recently 
 been made a Cathedral ; where a monument was raised to his 
 memory bearing a long inscription which gives an " account of his 
 holy, useful, painful life." I will not trouble you with this 
 inscription, but I will venture to quote two passages of the Arch- 
 bishop's writings, one from a sermon and the other from his will. 
 The words may, I think, be quoted with advantage, not only as 
 indicating the mind of our founder, but also as suggesting thoughts 
 in some measure applicable to the state of things in our own days. 
 " We have to praise God, " says the Archbishop in a sermon 
 preached before the Queen, " that in public doctrine touching the 
 substance of religion, we all agree in one truth ; we all build upon 
 one foundation, Christ Jesus, slain and offered up for our full 
 redemption, according to the doctrine of the Scriptures. So much 
 the greater pity is it, that there should be such dissent in matters 
 of small importance, rites and ceremonies, that by contentions 
 in such things, the course of the Gospel should be hindered, 
 Christ's adversaries strengthened, and His Church offended," and 
 again, " if any be slow and wretchless in doing his office, if there 
 be any idle shepherd, that feedeth himself only, and not his flock, 
 let him be reformed or removed. But for the fault of a few, that 
 the whole state should be subverted, and the patrimony of the 
 Church of Christ spoiled and devoured, this were very hard. No 
 prince nor people, christian or heathen, could ever consent to such 
 a thing without sacrilege." 
 
 So much for a passage which I promised from a sermon, now 
 for a few words from his will. 
 
 " Lord, as a great sinner, by reason of my frail flesh and 
 infirmities, I fly unto thee for mercy. Lord forgive me my sins : 
 for I acknowledge my sins. Lord, perform Thy promise, and do 
 away all mine iniquities ; and hasten the coming of Thy Christ -, 
 
1 
 
 18 
 
 and deliver me from this body of sin, Veni cito, Domine yesu ! 
 Clothe me with immortality, and give me that promised crown of 
 glory. So be it ! " 
 
 I trust that the words which I have quoted will impress you 
 with a sense of the wisdom and also of the piety of Archbishop . 
 Sandys. You may observe how plainly and boldly he speaks in 
 the presence of the Queen, how humbly he expresses himself in 
 the presence of God : as the Minister of Christ and as testifying for 
 the truth in evil times he set his face like a flint. He was equally 
 firm and prepared to contend for the Church against the Papists 
 of the days of Queen Mary, and the Puritans of the days of Queen 
 Ehzabeth : a steady well-balanced symmetrical mind, just one of 
 those wise God-given intellects which are the strength of a great 
 institution in evil days : Oh ! for such men in our own times ! 
 I trust we have them, if not, may God grant them to us, and that 
 soon ! And if we ask what it was that made Archbishop Sandys so 
 wise and good a man, the answer is to be found in that expression 
 of his inmost heart which I quoted just now from his will : he was 
 evidently a man of great natural ability, having the hard head, 
 and the able body and the fitness for affairs, with which English- 
 men of the North are so often blest, and he was happy both in his 
 family and in the place of his education : he was evidently a man 
 who was born to great things and was sure to rise, but all this 
 would not be sufficient to explain the Archbishop's life and 
 character : no, it is when we are permitted to look within, and to 
 see his heart, and to listen to his converse with God, that we 
 begin to understand the spring of his actions and the secret of his 
 character. The man who can stand before kings, and kneel before 
 God, whose public utterances are bold as a lion and whose private 
 communion with his Master and his Redeemer is full of gentleness 
 and humility and self condemnation, whose heart is pure, and yet 
 is contrite and full of shame and deeply affected by a sense of sin 
 and unworthiness, this is the man who will be useful to his 
 generation and whose memory will long be cherished. Such a 
 man was the founder of Hawkshead School, whom with his 
 
19 
 
 foundation we celebrate to-day. It was one of his minor deeds, 
 but it was a very good deed ; many a poor boy in this neigh- 
 bourhood has had cause to bless the memory of Archbishop 
 Sandys ; the school may be proud, not only of the names of 
 William Wordsworth and Joshua King and others of the like kind, 
 if such there be, but it may take its stand upon a broader ground, 
 and may boast that the three hundred years it has kept alive the 
 light of learning in this quiet rustic neighbourhood, and that 
 hundreds of boys have here had the opportunity of sound learning 
 and religious education, of whom the Universities and the wide 
 world know nothing. 
 
 Long may it continue to do its useful, quiet work, and long 
 may the name and the good deeds of Archbishop Sandys be 
 known and estimated in this his native valley, which his generous 
 foundation has proved that he loved so well. 
 
 After the service a large number of ladies and gentlemen 
 repaired to the new gymnasium, where lunch was prepared, at 
 which Colonel Sandys occupied the chair. After luncheon, 
 the Chairman said it was desirable that they should honour 
 one toast, and that was the Bishop of Carlisle. It was a plea- 
 sure to them all to see his lordship among them that day, and 
 it was very kind of him to grace their festival with his presence 
 amid his multifarious duties. (Applause.) After a few more 
 remarks, Colonel Sandys declared the gymnasium open. The 
 Bishop, in reply to the toast, which was appropriately received, 
 returned his thanks, observing that it gave him great pleasure to 
 be at Hawkshead on such an important occasion as they were 
 met to commemorate that day. It would have needed him to 
 have been exceedingly pressed with business to have prevented 
 him being there that day. (Applause.) 
 
 The distribution of prizes took place in the schoolroom, which 
 was well filled. Colonel Sandys had lent a handsomely framed 
 portrait of Archbishop Sandys and his second wife, which was 
 hung on the wall and closely inspected and admired, In the 
 
1 
 
 20 
 
 upper room the Bible used by the Archbishop was open to inspec- 
 tion, as also the valuable library, the original charter, and the 
 rules of the school in the Archbishop's own handwriting. The 
 schoolroom shews signs of age, but is apparently well cared for 
 and protected. The name of " W. Wordsworth" cut deeply into 
 one of the desks, is protected by a piece of glass and around 
 the room are painted extracts from his poems, as follows : — 
 "Small service is true service while it lasts." "We hve by 
 admiration, hope, and love." " Books we know are a substantial 
 world both pure and good ; round these with tendrils strong 
 as flesh and blood, our pastime and our happiness will grow." 
 " The child is father to the man, and I should wish my days to be 
 bound each of each by natural piety." 
 
 The Head Master (the Rev. R. M. Samson) in opening the 
 proceedings, expressed his pleasure at seeing so many present, 
 and thanked all who had so kindly helped to make the Tercen- 
 tenary successful. He also called attention to the class of 
 teaching that was given at the school, and was surprised that so 
 many of the visitors who passed through Hawkshead during the 
 summer were not aware that there was still a first-grade school 
 there in which Greek and Latin were taught, but he trusted that 
 the commemoration services that day would have the effect of 
 making the school more widely known, as it was one of the oldest 
 higher grade schools in the kingdom. 
 
 Colonel Sandys remarked that that day was an important 
 occurrence in the annals of the school. He had been asked to 
 address a few words on that occasion, and what he had to say 
 referred more to a history of his illustrious ancestor, to which the 
 school owed its foundation, than to the school itself. Although 
 there had been many men who had risen to eminence educated 
 at the school, yet there were but few names that they could trace 
 continuously from its foundation in connection with it. The school 
 was founded just three hundred years from now, by Archbishop 
 Sandys, about three years before his death. So far as one could 
 judge the Archbishop founded the school out of affection for his 
 
21 
 
 native place, and through his foresight and wisdom the youth of this 
 neighbourhood have been able from that time until the present to 
 enjoy a sound and excellent education at Hawkshead. (Applause.) 
 He had asked the Head Master what was the greatest want of the 
 school at the present time, and learned that it was a play-ground 
 for the lower school, the only place for play being on the high- 
 road, which was exceedingly dangerous and hardly suitable for 
 such a purpose. He, therefore, thought the present was a fitting 
 time to carry on the work of endowment, in continuation of 
 the original views of the Founder, and make a slight gift 
 to the school on his own part. (Applause.) He, therefore, 
 had the greatest pleasure in handing to Mr. Beck, as the senior 
 governor present, a deed of gift of a piece of ground for a play- 
 ground for Hawkshead School for ever. (Cheers.) Referring 
 to the school. Colonel Sandys remarked that it had ever been 
 associated with Esthwaite Lake, and they would all remember the 
 poem of Wordsworth which spoke of " Hissing along its polished 
 surface smooth," which, however, they would be able to appreciate 
 more fully in the month of January. (Applause.) One of the 
 things which Wordsworth did when he was a scholar — which 
 he supposed they all did when at school, for he (the speaker) 
 knew he did (laughter) — was to cut his name in the desk, 
 which could still be seen, preserved by a piece of glass over it. 
 (Applause.) Then the great Lord Brougham was educated there, 
 a fact of which they might well be proud, and also Dr. King, of 
 Queen's College, Cambridge, who was commonly known in his 
 time as " King of Queen's." (Laughter.) The school had accom- 
 plished a great deal in the past, and he trusted that it would not 
 be without its greatness in the future. (Applause.) Referring to 
 the history of his ancestor. Colonel Sandys said that Archbishop 
 Sandys was born in Furness Fells in 15 19, being the son of 
 William Sandys, Esquire, and Margaret, his wife, who was 
 descended from the ancient Barons of Kendal. The Archbishop 
 was believed to have been born (and he thought it was most 
 probable) at Esthwaite Hall, on the margin of Esthwaite Lake, 
 
22 
 
 which was settled upon the eldest surviving son of William 
 Sandys, because the eldest son, George, had been previously 
 killed while fighting against the Scotch at the battle of Mussel- 
 burgh Bridge. The position of the room belonging to the hall 
 is actually pointed out as the birthplace of the Archbishop, 
 though at the present time it is used as a barn. He treated 
 it, however, with great care and veneration, which he hoped 
 would always be the case. The same neighbourhood, and 
 almost the same year, gave birth to two other great English 
 divines, Barnard Gilpin in 1517, and Edward Grindall in 
 1 5 19, the former being nearly related to the Sandys family. 
 Grindall afterwards founded St. Bees in Cumberland, and Sandys 
 the school at Hawkshead. At this time Evangelical light had 
 beamed with a sudden and powerful lustre upon the University of 
 Cambridge, and St. John's College would appear to have been 
 especially imbued with the principles of the Reformation. Sandys 
 was placed by his father at St. John's College, Cambridge, about 
 the year 1532, his contemporaries in college being Redmayne 
 and Lever, both of whom afterwards became great lights of 
 the Reformation, and the name of Redmayne still remains 
 among us ; and as the corruption of the old religion came to 
 be better understood by the universal study of the Scriptures, 
 Protestantism became the religion of the State of England. 
 Sandys was about this time Proctor of the University of Cam- 
 bridge, and in 1547 was elected Master of Catherine Hall, which 
 took place just after his father's death. It was thought that he 
 was at this time Vicar of Haversham, in Bucks, to which was 
 added in 1548 a Prebendary Stall at Peterborough, and in 1552 
 the second stall at Carhsle. About this time he married a lady of 
 his own name, of a branch of the family unnoticed by genealogists, 
 but who was remarkable for her beauty and her piety. In 1553 
 he was Vice-Chancellor of Cambridge, and after the death of 
 Edward the Sixth was compelled by the Duke of Northumberland 
 to preach a sermon in favour of the succession to the throne of 
 Lady Jane Grey. This was against the feelings of Sandys, but 
 
 S 
 
the Duke of Northumberland was such a great power at the time 
 that his commands had to be obeyed, and the sermon was said to 
 be a very powerful one, and is said by the historian of the time 
 to have pulled the tears out of the eyes of the biggest of them. 
 In consequence of this sermon he was summoned to London and 
 confined in the Tower, and was intended by Bishop Bonner for 
 the stake, on account of his Protestant proclivities, but having 
 considerable influence at Court, his friends prevailed upon Queen 
 Mary to order his release ; which after three days Bonner was 
 enabled to cause the Queen to cancel. Meanwhile, however, 
 Sandys had escaped to the house of his wife's relatives in Essex, 
 and from thence to the sea coast, where he preached to the 
 seamen, and so impressed them that they determined to risk their 
 lives on his behalf, and took him away to Holland just before a 
 Queen's Messenger arrived for him. Sandys afterwards proceeded 
 to Augsburg, where he was joined by his wife. Here he lost a 
 child from the plague, and his wife subsequently died there from 
 consumption. During this trying period of his exile he was 
 solaced by the companionship of his friend Grindall, who 
 never deserted him. When Queen Mary died, Queen Ehzabeth 
 summoned Sandys to London, and he and Grindall entered 
 London on the day of the Queen's coronation. Sandys was 
 appointed Bishop of Worcester on the 21st December, 1559, at 
 which time Grindall was Bishop of London. Sandys married for 
 his second wife Cecily Wilford, sister of Sir Thomas Wilford. 
 In 1570 Grindall was made Archbishop of York and Sandys 
 Bishop of London, and in 1576, Grindall going to Canterbury, 
 Sandys was made Archbishop of York. He (Colonel Sandys) 
 had had placed in a room upstairs the Bible used by Archbishop 
 Sandys, where on a fly leaf was written the names of his children, 
 giving both the day and hour of their birth and the names of 
 their God-parents, which shewed how particular they were in 
 those days. Colonel Sandys concluded by expressing a wish that 
 the school might continue its good work for a long time to come. 
 (Applause.) 
 
u 
 
 The Head Master here read a report of the work in the 
 school, which was on the whole satisfactory. He intended to give 
 a tercentenary prize for the best work of the school, which, how- 
 ever, could not be awarded until after the year's examination. 
 
 Head Master's Report for Midsummer, 1885. 
 
 On account of the postponement of the Midsummer Examina- 
 tion, and in the absence of the Examiner's Report, it is not 
 possible for me to do more than give a general review of the 
 year's work. I may say, then, that the subjects in which the 
 greatest improvement has been shewn throughout the school are 
 Latin and Arithmetic. 
 
 In the First Division the Classics generally are very fair : Allen 
 and Fildes ma. are best in Greek. The Scripture and English 
 work is in most cases very good, especially the Repetitions. The 
 French is improving, but the pronunciation is not very good at 
 present. The Mathematics of this Division are very good. Heelis, 
 Rogerson, and Kendall have made the best progress in Euclid 
 and Algebra, as well as Arithmetic. 
 
 In the Second Division the most satisfactory progress has been 
 made by Bownass. Lane has done well in French, and Lew- 
 thwaite ma. and mi. have improved in Arithmetic. The Algebra 
 of this Division is much better than last year. 
 
 In the Third Division Hopper has done very well, especially in 
 Arithmetic, in which subject he works with the Second Division. 
 In Latin and English Boulton mi. and Hopper have done best. 
 In Repetitions Eskrigge and Martin are very good. The French 
 of this Division is weak at present, but the standard of Arithmetic 
 is good considering the age of the boys. 
 
 The removes for this Term will be — Bownass and Lane into 
 the First Division, Hopper into the Second Division. 
 
 Garnett and Williams have been elected to Foundation Scholar- 
 ships. 
 
 I 
 
'^5 
 
 Prize List, Midsummer, 1885. 
 
 1. Div. i. — Class Prize, "The Universe" ... Rogerson. 
 
 2. „ Greek and French, "The Vicar of 
 
 Wakefield" .,. ... ...Allen. 
 
 3. ,, Mathematics,"The English in Ireland" Heelis. 
 
 4. ,, Scripture, "Life of St. Paul" ... Rogerson. 
 
 5. Div. ii. — Class Prize, " The Broad, Broad 
 
 Ocean " ... . . ... Bownass. 
 
 6. „ Mathematics, "Wonderful Inventions" Hopper. 
 
 7. ,, French, " Richard III." ... ...Lane. 
 
 8. Div. iii. — Class Prize, " Our Summer Migrants " Hopper. 
 g. „ Latin and English, " Footprints of 
 
 Famous Men " ... ... Boulton, mi. 
 
 10. Reward in Upper part of the School, "Cook's 
 
 Voyages " ... ... ... Evennett. 
 
 11. Ditto in Lower part of the School, "Magna 
 
 Charta Stories" ... ... Barrow. 
 
 12. Special Tercentenary Prize, "Revised Version 
 
 of the Holy Bible " 
 
 This Prize was reserved, to be competed for at the Christmas 
 Examination. 
 
 The Bishop then distributed the prizes, making a few appropri- 
 ate remarks to the boys as they received the books at his hands. 
 After this pleasing part of the proceedings had been concluded, 
 Dr. Goodwin addressed the company, observing that he had been 
 asked to say a few words to the boys. He thought it was one of 
 the most difficult things to address boys, for they were such 
 shrewd critics and said such sharp things about one afterwards. 
 (Laughter.) When the boys were having a walk later on in the 
 afternoon one might say, " What a bore the old Bishop was." 
 (Laughter.) If they did say this he should be able to bear it, 
 and he had perhaps said the same thing himself when a boy. 
 (Laughter.) Their only consolation and hope rested in their 
 
26 
 
 having once been boys themselves — that was a great fact. 
 (Laughter.) Old as they might look, and even in this sceptical 
 age, they could not get rid of the fact that they were boys once, 
 and this raised a sympathy and kindly feeling for them. (Applause.) 
 Speaking to the boys, the Bishop said let them have kind, 
 honest, and pure hearts, and then there was no reason why a 
 Hawkshead boy should not rise to be Archbishop the same as 
 one had done in olden days. The Bishop observed that he would 
 above all things like to see the actual room where the Archbishop 
 was born, but he was afraid he had not time to do so. But the 
 interesting relic would be a trivial and utterly unworthy matter 
 were it not for other examples of a good iinan that had been left 
 by the Archbishop. They might cut their name in a desk, but 
 what was that to a volume of Wordsworth's poems. The thing 
 was to do their duty and endeavour to leave a good example after 
 them. The present was the seed-time for the boys attending that 
 school, and it would either bear good fruit in the future, or be a 
 time upon which they would look back with unmitigated and 
 irrecoverable regrets. Boys should love and honour and obey 
 their father, and not be ashamed of their mother, but remember 
 the tears that ran down her face as they left home for school. 
 The Bishop concluded — The boy that honours his father and 
 loves his mother, that is the boy for me. (Cheers.) 
 
 The Rev. H. T. Baines, as an old schoolboy and an old 
 master, proposed a vote of thanks to Colonel Sandys for his gift 
 of land, which was received with loud applause, after which the 
 proceedings terminated. 
 
 An organ recital was subsequently given in the church by Mr. 
 Wilkinson, when a good many attended. 
 
 ^ 
 
At the present time Boarders are received in the Head-Master's 
 House, where there is accomodation for about Sixteen ; at 50 
 guineas per annum for Boys under 14, and 55 guineas if above 
 that age. 
 
 Pupils are admitted between the ages of Eight and Sixteen. 
 Special attention is given to those who wish to enter for scholar- 
 ships at the larger schools. The subjects of instruction are : — 
 The Holy Scriptures and Catechism, Greek, Latin, and French 
 Languages, Mathematics, English Grammar, Composition, and 
 Literature. The School year is divided into Three Terms. The 
 Vacations are — At Easter Three weeks ; in the Summer Seven 
 weeks, beginning about the end of July ; at Christmas Four 
 weeks. 
 
 A Report of the progress of each Boy is sent to his Parent or 
 Guardian at the end of each Term. 
 
 Entrance Scholarships in the Head Master's House, value ;^2o 
 per annum, and tenable as long as the pupil remains at the School, 
 are given by examination. 
 
<**"■<*- 
 
 
 *;^',-<;« 
 
 w *^ -*-♦ *t» 
 
 A^ 
 
 t^< -« »*»