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M i story 
 
 OF 
 
 CMERRV VALLEY 
 
 From 17^0 to i898. 
 
 BY 
 
 JOHN SAWYEK. 
 
 CHERRY VALLEY, N. Y. 
 
 GAZETTE PRINT. 
 
 1898. 
 
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A' \ 'i ^ t :: ^- 
 
 PREFACE. 
 
 No village in the United States has had so remark- 
 able a history as Cherrj' Valley; nor has any played 
 so important a part in all the various epochs of the 
 country's history. Indeed it may be sai d that a care- 
 ful student might trace through it the life of the 
 country, with all its varied changes: the hardships 
 and struggles of the colonial times; the sufferings 
 and agonies of the revolutionary period; the trials 
 and toils of an impoverished people commencing life 
 over again in the infant republic; the beginning of 
 the emigration from New England and its gradual 
 increase until it became almost a universal exodus 
 from the older states of the east to the new territories 
 of the west; the building up of the villages on the 
 great routes of this travel until they rivalled in their 
 wealth and influence the old commercial towns of 
 New England and eastern New York; their gradual 
 decline through the building of the canals and rail- 
 roads, which diverted from them their great sources 
 of revenue; and following this the final destruction 
 of their prosperity and influence by the loss of their 
 young men, who have, in rece nt years, so generally 
 sought the growing country to the west, or the large 
 cities in the east, as offering greater opportunities 
 for advancement. It is not, however, the fact that 
 Cherry Valley played a part in all of these various 
 
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epochs that makes its history remarkable, but that 
 it played so important a part, and presents in so 
 marked a manner the importance of the country vil- 
 lage in the early life of the country and its great 
 decadence in later times. For, passing by its colon- 
 ial history, when as the home of the first English 
 church and the first classical school west of the Hud- 
 son, and by reason of the prominent part it per- 
 formed in the revolution, it was recognized as the 
 leading settlement west of Schenectady, we find it 
 for forty years after the close of that war the leading 
 commercial center and for half a century the wealth- 
 iest and most influential village in the state west of 
 the Hudson. But more remarkable still, although 
 its population during this time never exceeded one 
 thousand people, it was the home oi a greater num- 
 ber of men of prominence and ability and of more 
 skilled mechanics than any other p]ace in the state, 
 excepting only New .York. 
 
 This work was originally intended to cover only 
 the colonial and revolutionary periods, and was 
 adapted more especially for younger readers. After 
 that portion of it was in type it was concluded to 
 continue it down to the present time. The author 
 somewhat regrets that he did not write it on a broader 
 plan, with more attention to the general influence of 
 the place and less to local detail. Such a course 
 would have been likely to have attracted greater at- 
 tention, from the outside world, to the importance of 
 the Cherry Valley of the past, but it would necessar- 
 ily have detracted from its local interest. 
 
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CONTENTS, 
 
 (^HiPTER. Page. 
 
 I. The Elarly Settlement 1 
 
 II.. The Early Days of the Revolution 8 
 
 III. Cherry Valley at the time of the Massacre 14 
 
 IV. The Massacre 22 
 
 V. Various Pacts Connected -with the Massacre 31 
 
 VI. Final Destruction of the Settlement 37 
 
 VII. TheBe-settlementof Cherry Valley. "Wash- 
 ington's Visit 42 
 
 VIII. Early Church Societies 45 
 
 IX. Early Taverns 50 
 
 X. Formation of Town and County 58 
 
 XI. From 1795 to 1800 56 
 
 XII. Cherry Valley at the Beginning of the Present 
 
 Century 62 
 
 XIII. Witchcraft. Slaves. Early Customs, Sports etc.69 
 
 XIV". Incorporation of the Village 77 
 
 XV. From 1815 to 1825 81 
 
 XVI. The Men who Made Cherry Valley Famous 90 
 
 XVII. 1825 to 1835 105 
 
 XVIII. 1885to 1850 112 
 
 XIX. 1850 to 1870 120 
 
 XX. 1870 to 1898 130 
 
 Eeminiscences 140 
 
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History of Cherry Valley. 
 
 CHAPTER I. 
 
 THE EAELY SETTLEMENT. 
 
 The interest we all take in the memories, tradi- 
 tions and histories, of our ancestors, presents one of 
 the rare cases where our desires impel us in the same 
 direction as our duty. For, as it is a pleasure to 
 dwell on the deeds and lives of our ancestors, so too, 
 is it a duty we owe them to treasure up their memory 
 and to do them honor for the noble heritance they 
 have passed down to us. 
 
 The inhabitants of Cherry Valley have especial 
 cause for treasuring the memories of those who first, 
 through many trials and almost incredible hardships, 
 worked out a home for their descendants; for the 
 early settlers who laid the foundation of this historic 
 little village were not alone, like most of the frontiers- 
 men of that day, sturdy toilers and men of strictest 
 integrity, but they were also, to an unusual degree, 
 men of honorable birth and superior education. — 
 
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2 HISTORY OF CHEKRY VALLEY. 
 
 How much of the great reputation that Cherry Val- 
 ley acquired in later years, is to be traced back tu 
 the direct or indirect influence of these, as it were, 
 cultured pioneers, cannot be told. But that it was 
 the main influence np student of the history of civil- 
 ization will queston. 
 
 When John Lindesay, a Scotch gentleman of good 
 birth and some distinction, settled, in 174U, in this 
 valley, and erected his modest house on the hill where 
 now stands the residence of Edward Phelon, he was 
 on the furthermost western bounds of civilization. 
 To the east the nearest settlements were those of the 
 early Dutch colonists along the Mohawk, and of the 
 Palatines in the Schoharie Valley. History records 
 no greater act of courage than that exhibited by this 
 family, of gentle training, voluntarily seeking a home 
 in this cold and stormy wilderness, frequented by 
 bands of roving Indians upon whose fidelity they 
 could never wholly rely. That they did not miser- 
 ably perish during the first winter was, however, 
 strange to say, due to the kindness of a roving Indian, 
 who, by chance passing through the valley, stopped 
 at their log house and found them suffering from 
 hunger; their provisions having proven insufficient 
 for their sustenance during the unanticipated length 
 of the winter. The Indian on his snow shoes made 
 repeated trips to the Mohawk settlements for pro- 
 visions to carry the family through the winter. 
 
 The following year, a party of Scotch -Irish from 
 Londonderry, New Hampshire, brought hither their 
 
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HISTORY OF CHERRY VALLEY. 3 
 
 scanty goods and settled. With them came the Rev. 
 Samuel Dunlop, a graduate of Trinity College, Dub- 
 lin, a gentleman learned in the classics as well as in 
 the modern Literature of that day. As was common- 
 ly the case in those early times he was not only their 
 spiritual advisor but their temporal leader as well. 
 
 Hardly were their rude houses ready for the occu- 
 pancy of the settlers before the erection of a log 
 church and school house, combined, was begun; And 
 it is a fact, of which those who pride themselves on 
 their connection with this historic village should be 
 as proud as of its revolutionary fame, that on the 
 hill north of Mr. Lindesay's house was erected, in the 
 summer of 1742. the first church west of the Hudson 
 in which the Er%lish Language was preached, and 
 in the winter following the first classical school west 
 of Albany was started. The feeble beginning of 
 that famous institution, the Cherry Valley Academy, 
 which, at the close of the last and the beginning of 
 the present Century, rivalled in its reputation and in 
 the number of its students the more pretentious 
 Colleges of Union and Columbia. 
 
 The fewness of the settlers and the smallness of 
 their worldly goods were such that they could offer 
 little in payment for the services of the pastor and 
 teacher and he was consequently obliged to eke out 
 his humble living by husbandry. But that his pii- 
 pils might not suffer too greatly from the closing of 
 the school, during seed time and harvest, he was 
 wont to instruct them while engaged in his pastoral 
 
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4 HISTORY OF CHEKEY VALLEY. 
 
 duties, and it is related that it was a common sight to 
 see him following the plow, on the farm now owned 
 by Mrs. A B. Cox, while his little class trudged along 
 by his side, scanning their Virgil and Homer. The 
 learning acquired under such circumstances would 
 not be likely to be easily forgotten. 
 
 It is told that when Mr. DunloiJ left Ireland he 
 was engaged to a charming young lady, conditionally 
 on his returning to claim her as his wife within 
 seven years. When the seven years were nearly ex- 
 pired he made the long journey, from Cherry Valley 
 to Ireland, to bring her to his frontier home. His 
 fiancee had, however, given up all hope of ever hear- 
 ing from him again, and was to be married, on the 
 day- following his arrival, to anotfeer suitor. She- 
 however, welcomed her old love with open arms, 
 married him, and with him sought a new home in 
 the western wilds. It is a pretty romance, and few 
 will wish to be so uncharitable as to doubt its truth. 
 
 There were seven families in the original London- 
 derry party, comprising about thirty persons in all, 
 including children. The names of the heads of five 
 of these families, — David Ramsey, Willian Gault, 
 James Campbell, Patrick Davidson and William 
 Dickson, — have come down to us. 
 
 After the name of its founder the place had been 
 originally called Lindesay's Bush; a name doubtless 
 too homely to suit the somewhat refined ideas of the 
 Kev. Mr. Dunlop, for, in the year following his ar- 
 rival, it was, at his suggestion, re-christened "Cherry 
 
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HISTORY or CHEKRY VALLEY. 5 
 
 Valley." The new name being derived from the 
 fact that wild cherries were abundant in the valley. 
 
 Little has passed down, either by manuscript or 
 tradition, of the doings of the infant settlement dur- 
 ing the ten years following the arrival of the Lon- 
 donderry party. Mr. Lindesay, tired of the rough 
 life and the severity of the winters, disposed of his 
 farm, in 1744, to a Mr. John Wells; a man of rare 
 attainments and integrity, and possessed of a natur- 
 al judicial mind. He was for many years judge and 
 jury in all disputatious that arose from time to time 
 in the neighborhood, and after its formation was one 
 of the Judges of Tryon County. 
 
 A Saw Mill and Grist Mill were early erected, and 
 the cleared spaces around the cabins grew in size, 
 but the number of the settlers remained practically 
 the same; the occasional incomers about balancing 
 the losses by deaths and removals. The reputation 
 of the Rev. Mr. Dunlop's primitive but thorough 
 school had, however, extended and a number of the 
 leading settlers along the Mohawk were accustomed 
 to send their sons to him for instruction. They lived 
 with him and formed a little boarding school. 
 
 In the early fifties the little settlement received 
 an impetus from the arrival of new settlers and from 
 that time up to the beginning of the Revolution its 
 growth, if slow, was steady and constant. Thus the 
 records show that the eight families, who composed 
 the population of the place in 1752, had increased to 
 forty in 1765 and at the opening of the Revolution 
 
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'l HISTORY OF l^HEKRY VALLEV. 
 
 to over sixty. During this time a Blacksmith Shoy 
 had been opened, a little store, or trading place, 
 started, and a second Saw Mill erected. There were 
 the nsual Indian scares and at one time a preconcert- 
 ed attack of the Indians was only prevented by the 
 unusual vigilance of the inhabitants. The Indians 
 were always a source of dread and fear and the hus- 
 bandman invariably took his rifle with him when 
 going to his work. 
 
 During the last French war the danger of attacks 
 from the Indian allies of the French became so great 
 that fortifications Avere erected and a company of 
 Ranger.^, under the command of the celebrated Capt. 
 McKean, were statidned here. Despite the many 
 scares the place was fortunate in escajjing all Indian 
 attacks. Occasionally, however, an unfortunate 
 settler, living on the outskirts of the little settle- 
 ment, was found dead in the woods, or beside his 
 plow, having been ruthlessly murdered by some rov- 
 ing band of Indians ; doubtless from a distance, as 
 the neighboring Indians were on friendly terms with 
 the settlers. 
 
 During the several French and Indian wars the 
 exposed condition of the settlement and the paucity 
 of men capable of bearing arms, prevented Cherry 
 Valley from being largely represented in the conflicts 
 that took place, but we read in the old family man- 
 uscripts of volunteers from here being present in 
 several battles and it is known that at least three 
 from Cherry Valley were with Johnson on his Lake 
 Greorge expedition. 
 
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HlSTt)EY OF CHEERY VALLEY. 7 
 
 The additions to the original settlers came maiidy 
 from the New England colonies, and, after the last 
 French war. a number of French Canadians also took 
 up their residence here. The former were mainly 
 Scf^tch-Irish Presbyterians, who naturally passed by 
 the Dutch settlements along the Mohawk and 'Scho- 
 harie Valleys to seek a section whose people held 
 views more similar to theii' own. and where they 
 could worship in a church of their own denomination. 
 As a consequence the little Log Church on the hill 
 soon became too small for its steadily growing con- 
 gregation, and in 1755 a frame church was erected 
 on the spot where the village Cemetery is now.- 
 Around the (^hurch. as was then the custom, their 
 lictle burying ground was laid out, the last resting 
 place of the many generations that have lived and 
 died in the years that have intervened. 
 
 Soon after the close of the last French war. ad- 
 ditions to the settlement became more frequent but 
 the growth of the place was somewhat neutralized 
 by the branching out and forming of new settle- 
 ments by its inhabitants. Thus we find Middlefield. 
 Otego, Laurens, LTnadilla and Harpersville settled by 
 emigrants from Cherry Valley; all small but flourish- 
 ing settlements at the outbreak of the Revolution. 
 
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HISTORY OF CHERRY VALLEY. 
 
 CHAPTER 11. 
 
 THE EARLY DAYS OF THE REVOLUTION. 
 
 The Scotch-Irish, who composed the greater por- 
 tion of the population of Cherry Valley, had natural- 
 ly little love for the English, and the French Cana- 
 dians, who formed a smaller part, had even less, so 
 that it was but natural that the inhabitants of thi? 
 place should be among the first to protest against the 
 attempt of the Royalists, under the leadership of the 
 powerful Johnson family, to commit Tryon county 
 to the English cause. This influence effected to 
 some degree the not less patriotic but more phleg- 
 matic Dutch of the Mohawk Valley, but it had little 
 effect on the independent natures of the residents of 
 the Cherry Valley hills, where the very air seemed 
 to breathe of freedom. 
 
 The Church at Cherry Valley was early in 1775 
 the place appointed for one of the first meetings to 
 protest against this action on the part of the Tories, 
 and the fact that it could accommodate but a small 
 fraction of those who flocked hither from all parts of 
 the country, sho^ws how great and deep was the inter- 
 est thus early taken in the cause of freedom. 
 
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HISTORY OF CHLREY VALLEY. 9 
 
 The foremost part that Cherry Valley took in the 
 (-lelibevations of Tryon County, and the influence of 
 some of its representatives, is shown by the fact that 
 John Moore, a resident of the place, was the delegate 
 from Tryon County to the first Provincial Congress, 
 — of which body he was one of the Chaplains, — and 
 a member of the State Committee of Safety. Sam- 
 uel Clyde, of Cherry Valley, was the first Chairman 
 of the Tryon County Committee of Safety. 
 
 At the General Organization of the Tryon County 
 Militia, on August 26th, 1775, among the Officers 
 appointed from Cherry Valley were : Robert Wells, 
 First-Major ; Samuel Clyde, Adjutant and Captain, 
 and James Cannon, John Campbell, jr., and Robert 
 Campbell, Lieutenants. On Sept. 19th, Samuel 
 Campbell was appointed Lieut.-Colonel of the Min- 
 ute Men. It is worthy of mention, as showing the 
 scarcity of money in those early days, that the 
 County Committee, at the time Mr. Moore was elect- 
 ed a delegate to the Provincial Congress, passed a 
 resolution that the pay of the member of that body, 
 from Tryon County, should be "Eight Shillings in 
 New York currency and no more." 
 
 That, though Tryon County was divided nearly 
 equally for a time between tories and patriots, the 
 settlement of Cherry Valley was nearly unanimous 
 in its patriotism is clearly shown by the fact that 
 thirty-three of its inhabitants, out of a total popula- 
 tion of only three hundred, responded to the call to 
 arms in 1776. Probably no section of the country, 
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10 HISTORY OF CHERRY VALLEY. 
 
 outside of New England, sent so large a proportion 
 of its inhabitants to join the patriot armies. The 
 fact is even more remakable when we consider that 
 this settlement was the most exposed of any in the 
 country, not only because of its nearness to the 
 Tory settlement to the North, but also from its dan- 
 ger from Indian attacks on the west. 
 
 During the early days of the revolution there was 
 little danger from either of these sources. The flight 
 of the Johnsons and Butlers, to Canada, prevented 
 open hostilities on the part of the tories, and the 
 Indians had been so long on friendly terms with the 
 settlers of the region around Cherry Valley, that, 
 although they had signed an alliance with the 
 British, they hesitated to engage in hostilities 
 against them. 
 
 The battle of Oriskauy, on the 6th, of August, 
 1777, changed the friendly feeling, or at most quies- 
 cent hostility, of the redman into deadly hatred. — 
 Thenceforth they sought only to be revenged on the 
 settlers of Tryoii county, for the death of their 
 brethren, who had fallen in that fierce conflict. Es- 
 pecially were they embittered against Cherry Valley, 
 as the home of Col. Samuel Campbell and Major 
 Samuel Clyde, who had not only been ofiicers high 
 in command in that battle, but had also "been es- 
 pecially conspicuous for their bravery and deeds of 
 valor. 
 
 Up to this time no fortifications had been erected 
 in Cherry Valley since the distraction of the old 
 
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HISTORY OF CHERRY VALLEY. 11 
 
 stockade of the French and Indian wars, but the 
 oertainty that Brant, the Indian Chieftain, would 
 sooner or later incite his warriors to take vengeance 
 on the settlement, led the inhabitants, in the late 
 summer of the same year, (1777), to prepare a place 
 of refuge in case of attack. They accordingly se- 
 lected the house of Ool. Samuel Campbell, on ac- 
 count of its size and elevated position, and threw up 
 an embankment of earth and logs, enclosing the 
 house and barns. 
 
 Hither during the summer and fall of 1777, the 
 inhabitants of the surrounding country gathered for 
 safety, a sort of military discipline being maintained ; 
 no one being allowed to pass outside of the fortifica- 
 tions without a permit. This course was made 
 necessary by the fact that even in this stronghold of 
 patriotism some converts to toryism were found; 
 doubtless influenced by the British successes in the 
 campaigns of '76 and '77. Human nature was the 
 same in 1776 as now, and to some the desire to be 
 on the winning side was greater than their love of 
 country. 
 
 It is stated in the "Annals of Try on County" that 
 during the early summer of 1778 a premeditated at- 
 tack of the Indians under Brant was prevented by a 
 boyish parade of the younger inhabitants, who were 
 accustomed, in imitation of their elders, to parade in 
 front of the fortifications with paper hats and wood- 
 en guns. The Indians lying in concealment in the 
 woods to the southeast, mistook them for real soldiers 
 
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12 HISTOKY OF CHEREY VALLEY. 
 
 and, abandoning their intention of attacking the 
 place, moved off toward the Mohawk; stopping for 
 the night at a point nearly opposite the old Snlphur 
 Spring. It was here that the gallant young Lieut. 
 Matthew Wormuth met his tragic end. Lieut. 
 Wormuth, who was the son of a wealthy resident of 
 the Palatine district, had ridden up from the Mo- 
 hawk to inform the residents of Cherry Valley that 
 Col. Klock with a portion of his regiment would ar- 
 rive the following day. Toward evening he started 
 to return to his home, accomijanicd by Peter Sitz, a 
 bearer of dispatches. The Indians hearing them 
 approach, concealed themselves behind a large rock, 
 and commanded them to halt. They, however, put 
 spurs to their horses and endeavored to escape, but 
 a volley from the guns of the Indians killed the 
 horse of Sitz and wounded Lieut. Wormuth, who 
 was at once tomahawked and scalped — the "Annals" 
 says, by Brant himself, who had long been a per- 
 sonal friend, but failed to recognize him in his un- 
 iform and ever after lamented his sad mistake. — 
 Sims, a later authority, denies that Brant was him- 
 self the murderer. Sitz was captured but had the 
 presence of mind to destroy the despatches and sub- 
 stitute false ones, which he also carried. The death 
 of Lieut. Wormuth was no more tragic than that of 
 many others but his youth, fine personal apijearauce 
 and agreeable manners, attracted much attention 
 and caused his fate to be remembered when that o^ 
 others was forgotten in the excitement of those stir- 
 ring times. 
 
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HISTORY OF CHERRY VALLEY. Vi) 
 
 During the summer, stem necessity compelling' 
 the settlers to cultivate their land, it was customary 
 for tlie inhabitants to form themselves into little 
 companies and work together: a portion standing 
 guard while others labored. 
 
 In June of this year the neighboring hamlet of 
 Springfield was burned by the Indians and a number 
 of the inhabitants carried into captivity. 
 
 The inhabitants of Cherry Valley had long be- 
 sought the Provincial Government for protection 
 against Indian incursions and the matter being laitl 
 before Gen. Lafayette, on his visit to Johnstown, in 
 the Spring of 1778, he ordered that a Fort be erected 
 at Cherry Valley, and a garrison be sent for its pro- 
 tection. The Fort was accordingly built during the 
 summer. It was situated in the Cemetery, near the 
 Church, and a stockade enclosed the two buildings. 
 A regiment under the command of Col. Icihabod 
 Allen, was sent from Corniecticut and took posses- 
 sion of the Fort in the Fall, Unfortunately Col, 
 Alden had no experience in Indian warfare and 
 underestimated the courage and ferocity of the 
 Indian. The mere presence of the troops he judged 
 sufficient to intimidate the red men and refused to 
 allow the settlers to move into the stockade, even 
 after reports were brought to him that the Indians, 
 under their great Chieftain, Joseph Brant, were 
 I'endezvousing on the Susquehanna; where they had 
 been joined by a body of Tories under Capt. Walter 
 Butler, son of that Col. John Butler, who gained 
 such an infamous notoriety from his participation in 
 the Wyoming Massacre. 
 
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1.4 HISTORY OF CHERRY VALLEY, 
 
 CHAPTER III. 
 
 CHERRY VALLEY AT THE TIME OF THE MASSACRE. 
 
 At the time of the Massacre the Fort and the vil- 
 lage of Cherry Valley, if it may be called a village, 
 comprisinp; as it did only half a dozen houses and a 
 church, — was situated in and around the present 
 Cemetery at the lower end of the village and at the 
 upper end of a valley, resembling a Roman Amphi- 
 theater in shaxje: being, apparently, about six miles 
 in length by one mile in width, and surrounded on 
 all sides by gracefully sloping, wooded hills. As a 
 strict matter of fact the valley continues to the South, 
 until it joins the larger valley of the Susquehanna, 
 but it turns sharply to the right where the Westford 
 hills rise, a mile or two below the village of Rose- 
 boom, and is so hidden from view by the hills that 
 it appears to end with them. The hills to the North 
 of the village over-look the - Mohawk Valley; the 
 streams on that side seeking the Ocean by way of 
 the Mohawk, while those on the South side mingle 
 with the waters of the Susquehanna. Some older 
 geographers have contended that the latter river has 
 its source in the Cherry Valley hills instead of in 
 Otsego Lake. 
 
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HISTORY OF CHEREY VALJjEY. lo 
 
 Oil the hill at the upper end of the valley, iu a 
 direct line from the Fort stood the lo^^ house of 
 Col. Samuel Campbell, oii the site of the residence 
 now occupied as a summer home by his great-great- 
 grand-childreu; a half mile to the east and on the 
 same level was the house and shop of James Moore, 
 the blacksmith of the settlement, on the lands now 
 owned by Elisha Flint, and North of him lived a 
 Nelson family. About the same distance to the 
 North of Col. Campbell's was the home of his father- 
 in-law, Matthew Cannon, (disputed); while at an 
 equal distance to the West, was the home of John 
 Campbell, now the summer home of the writer. The 
 present Jackson Millson farm was then occupied by 
 a James Camxjbell. 
 
 On the road to the West, leading to Sijringfield. 
 lived the Kev. Samuel Dunloj) at the foot of Living- 
 ston's Glen, on the lands of Mrs A. B. Cox. There 
 is a tradition that further up the Glen there was a 
 sort of flax or carding mill, in which lived the family 
 of the owner, whose name is not given. Following 
 the Springfield road: the McClellans occupied the 
 present Chauncey Steenburgh farm; James and 
 William Camijbell the Fred Blumenstock farm : the 
 Coonrads, the farm now owned by Richard Bierman; 
 the Culleys the farm now occupied by C. W. Sherman 
 and the Shanklands the Elijah Bush farm; Cape. 
 M'Kean lived on the James Horton place and had 
 the M'Kowns as neighbors. The Wiggy Willsons, so 
 called, from the fact that the head of the family 
 
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l(i HISTORY OF CHEERY VALLEY. 
 
 wore a wig, to distinguish them from the other 
 Willson family, lived in Irish Hollow. 
 
 The Wells lived on a knoll about a third of a mile 
 South of the Fort, on the present Phelon farm, and 
 on the hill to the West, on the farm now owned by 
 a descendant, Capt. James D. Clyde, was the hom<> 
 of Major Clyde. Further on were the McKellip.T on 
 the present James Wikoff farm. Down the valley 
 to the South of the Wells lived the Gaults on the 
 Frank Campbell farm and the Dicksons on the pres- 
 ent Mrs. Geo. Head farm. On the opposite side of 
 the valley, on the farm now occupied by a des- 
 cendant, Louis G. Willson, lived John and James 
 Willson. and South of them the Scotts, on the 
 Wikoff farm. 
 
 Nearly oppo.site the Fort, on the East side of the 
 valley, lived the Thompsoiis, on the knoll near the 
 Sulphur Spring; further North, John Foster, on the 
 farm now owned by E. L. Hinskley. Near the pres- 
 ent Reservoir was the house and Saw Mill of Hugh 
 Mitchell and, beyond, on the Marks farm, lived 
 Patrick Davidson. Still further North, on the 
 Dewitt C. Campbell farm, was the house of a family 
 named Coons. John Moore, tradition says, lived on 
 the Elisha Moore farm a little over two miles East 
 of the village, but it seems mors probable that he 
 should have erected his house on the hill to the 
 West, over-looking the Mohawk Valley, now owned 
 by Wm. H. Waldron. 
 
 A further list might be given but this is sufficient 
 
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HISTORY OF CHLRRY VALLEY. 17 
 
 to show the limits of the Massacre. It will be seen 
 that the limits of what was Jsnown as the Cherry 
 Valley settlement were, on the West and South, 
 almost identical with the boundaries of the present 
 town of Cherry Valley in those directions. To the 
 East and North the boundaries were not much 
 different than at present, but the Indians either did 
 not reach the more distant houses, or the owners 
 had sufl&cient warning so that they escaped to the 
 JMohawk settlements. 
 
 At the time of the Massacre most of the male in- 
 habitants of Cherry Valley, over the age of sixteen, 
 were serving in the Continental Army, at distant 
 points. At first thought it seems strange that the 
 men who had lived all their lives among the Indians, 
 and knew all their wiles and strategems, and were 
 thoroughly acquainted with their methods of war- 
 fare, should have been sent to the maiu armies and 
 men unacquainted with the ways of the Indian be 
 sent to protect a frontier settlement. It can only be 
 explained on the theory that experience had shown 
 that when men were left to protect their home settle- 
 ments, their zeal for the cause of patriotism was 
 likely to be lost sight of in their desire to look first 
 after their own interests and the improvement of 
 their farms and material prospects. In the case of 
 Cherry Valley it was a sad mistake. Had such men 
 as Capt. MKean, Col. Campbell and Col. Clyde 
 been at home, it is safe to say, the Indians would 
 not have found the settlement so unprepared, and 
 
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18 HISTORY OF CHERRY VALLEY. 
 
 that many of the lives lost in that horrible butchery 
 would have been saved. 
 
 Among the men who, by their ability, prominence, 
 or zeal for the cause of patriotism, gave honor to 
 Cherry Valley during the Revolutionary period, the 
 first place must be given to the Rev. Samuel Dunlop. 
 by reason of his age, great learning and the position 
 he had so long occupied in the settlement. His 
 great age prevented him from taking active part in 
 the conflict but his advice was sought by all on 
 matters pertaining to the war, and the patriotism di-;- 
 played by the inhabitants of this section was largely 
 due to his influence. 
 
 John Moore was the most prominent resident of 
 the place during this period, though not distinguish- 
 ed as a soldier, owing to his lameness. Ho was a 
 delegate to the first, second, third, fourth and fifth 
 Provincial Congresses; a member of the State Com- 
 mittee of Safety, and several times a Member of 
 Assembly. 
 
 Capt. M'Kean, though not an educated man, was 
 one of the leading men of the settlement by reason 
 of his natural abilities and physical strength and 
 endurance. In such times physique and agility were 
 quite as important as mental training, and indeed 
 were likely to give the possessor greater prominence. 
 M'Kean was accounted one of the most skillful 
 Indian fighters in the country. He had command 
 of a company of Rangers in the French war, and 
 also during the Revolution. During the war he was 
 
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HISTORY OF CHERRY VALLBY.. 19 
 
 raised to the rank of Major. He was killed in the 
 battle of Durlock, near Sharon Springs, in the sum- 
 mer of 1781. 
 
 Samuel Clyde, who was raised to the rank of Col., 
 early in 1778, was one of the most prominent men 
 and active patriots of the settlement. It is claimed 
 that, after the death of Gren. Herkimer, the OfEct-rs 
 wished to elect him Brigadier General in the place 
 of Herkimer, but that he declined, on the grouiid 
 that his advancement over the heads of Otficers of 
 highsr rank, would cause jealousies which would be 
 injurious to the American cause. The failure tu ap- 
 point a successor to Gen. Herkimer is said to have 
 been due to this refusal on the part of Mr. Clyde, 
 who was then a Major. Col Clyde was a member 
 of the State Assembly in 1777-8, and Sheriff of 
 Montgomery County in 1785-9. 
 
 Col. Samuel Campbell was one of the leaders of 
 the settlement in all matters — social, religious, 
 political and military. He was a member of the 
 Tryon County Committee of Safety and a Col. of the 
 Tryon County Minute Men. His grand-son, the late 
 Judge W. W. Campbell, author of the "Annals of 
 Tryon County," states that as the highest Officer left 
 in command, he led off the troops after the Battle of 
 Oriskany. Col. Campbell was the intimate friend of 
 Gov. Clinton, and numbered among his friends most 
 of the public men of the North. As late as 1802 he 
 was a member of Assembly from Tryon County. 
 
 James and John Willson were among the leading 
 
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20 HISTORY OF CHERRY VALLEY. 
 
 and most influential residents. The Rev. Mr. Swin- 
 nerton, m his "Historical Sketch of the Presbyter- 
 ian Church of Cherry Valley," states that the former 
 was, in 1739, High Sheriff of Albany County, which 
 then included all this part of the country. He came 
 here first in that year, as a surveyor, in compauy 
 with Mr. Lindesay, and later on settled here. He- 
 was Commissary for the regiment stationed in the 
 Fort. 
 
 The Wells were the social leaders of this part of 
 the Country. John Wells, who died just previous to 
 the Revolution, was a King's Magistrate and his son 
 Robert Wells, was a Major in the Tryon County 
 Militia. The entire Wells family were killed in the 
 Massacre, except a son who was in Schenectady at 
 the time. The latter was afterwards the famous 
 New York lawyer — John Wells. 
 
 James Cannon, although a young man, was a very 
 active patriot and afterwards became a man of con- 
 siderable importance in Otsego County, holding 
 several County offices. 
 
 Hugh Mitchell and Thomas Shankland, though 
 men of inferior education and social position, were 
 nevertheless, by reason of their activity and patriot- 
 ism, men of some condsideration in the settlement. 
 The former was, in 1775, a member of the Schenec- 
 tady Committee of Safety. Thomas Spencer, the 
 Indian interpreter, was also for a time a resident of 
 Cherry Valley. He rendered valuable services to 
 the Americans during the Revolution. 
 
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HISTORY or CHEKin VALLEY. 21 
 
 There were a number of others who, by reason of 
 Uieir activity in the cause of Liberty, are worthy of 
 mention, but the above list comprises those who 
 might be termed the "leading men" in the settle- 
 ment. It is a remarkable list for a little frontier 
 settlement of three hundred people. Not alone be- 
 cause of the prominence of those mentioned, in the 
 affairs of the western ijart of the Province, but also 
 for the reason that so many of them were men of 
 excellent social standing and suijerior education.- - 
 To the latter facts the former was doubtless due. — 
 The Dutch of the Mohawk Valley though an excel- 
 lent, sturdy and honest people, were not, as a rule, 
 an educated class, and they readily yielded jirece- 
 dence to the brighter and more cultivated intellects 
 of the Cherry Valley leaders, in their councils and 
 deliberations, notwithstanding the fact that each dis- 
 trict was, in military matters, very tenacious of its 
 rights. 
 
 It is interesting in this connection to n<jte that 
 many of the men who were the most prominent, 
 during the Revolution and the years following, in 
 the affairs of the Mohawk Valley, received their 
 early education at Rev. Mr. Dunlop's school in 
 ('■herry Valley. The most notable of these was John 
 Frey, for many years the most prominent resident of 
 the Valley. 
 
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22 HISTORY OF CHEKIIY VALLEY. 
 
 CHAPTEE IV. 
 
 THE MASSACRE. 
 
 Th(^ morning of the 11th of November, 1778, 
 found the people lulled into fancied security. The 
 positive assurances of Col. Alden that no attack was 
 intended, his stationing outposts, as he asserted, not 
 in anticipation of danger but to quiet the apprehen- 
 sions of the citizens, the fact that he and several of 
 his command slept outside the Fort, had removed 
 the fears entertained, during the summer and fall, of 
 an attack upon the settlement. Who can tell the 
 shock of the awakening from this fancied security! 
 Soon after daylight a horseman from Beaverdam rode 
 in hot haste into the village, saying ho had been fir- 
 ed upon by Indians. Too late Col. Alden repented 
 of his over-confidence. His scouts and outposts had 
 shared in his confideiice of safety and in their conse- 
 quent carelessness had been captured by the ap- 
 proaching forces. 
 
 Hard upon the heels of the rider came Butler and 
 Brant with a savage army, twice the number of all 
 the men. women and children in the neighborhood. 
 
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HISToKY OF CHEKKY VALLEY. 2i) 
 
 On tliey came in that cold, drizzly, Noveiiil)er 
 morning, bringing mutilation and death, or a yet 
 more to be dreaded captivity to the peaceful, inno- 
 cent inhabitants of the little Valley. There was not 
 time either for citizens or soldiers tcj reach the Fort. 
 Col. Alden. who was at the house of Mr. Wells, and 
 whose over-confidence was the cause of theMyssacre. 
 hastened toward his command. He was hotly pur- 
 sued by an Indian, who called upon him to stop.- 
 The order not being obeyed, the savage threw his 
 tomahawk which hit the Cylonel in the head, and 
 this put him in the power of his dusky pursuer. He 
 was killed and scalped. 
 
 Meanwhile the bloody work had commenced in 
 all parts of the little settlement. Many of the sol- 
 diers were either quartered among the citizens or 
 were making them friendly visits. Sixteen of them 
 fell beneath the murderous tomahawk and fourteen 
 were taken prisoners. Men. women, and children, 
 were killed indiscriminately or were taken prisoners, 
 according to the mood of the Indians or the yet 
 more barbarous Tories. The Indian war whoop was 
 heard in every direction, mingled with the screams 
 of the affrighted and the cries and shrieks of the 
 wounded and dying. 
 
 Here a husband and father was killed while en- 
 deavoring to protect his wife and children. There a 
 mother was tomahawked while striving to guard her 
 helpless offspring. Children's brains were knocked 
 ■.)ut before the eyes of agonized parents. Wives 
 
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"24 HISTORY OF CHEKRY VALLEY. 
 
 were killed while their husbands stood bound in thr 
 hands of the captors. A few reached the Fort; some 
 tied to the woods, preferring the chances of death by 
 cold or starvation rather than certain destruction or 
 capture at the hands of their barbarous enemies.— 
 In a few hours the work of destruction and desolation 
 was complete. What was at sunrise a fair and 
 flourishing settlement, with comfortable houses, well 
 tilled barns and lowing herds, was at sunset a home- 
 less waste, with only here and there a house, while 
 amid the smouldering embers of the burned build- 
 ings were found the charred bones of the victims of 
 the unholy massacre. 
 The house of Mr. WelFs was among the first attack- 
 ed, the village having been entered at that point.— 
 The family were engaged in their morning devotions 
 when the Indians entered the house. Mr. Wells was 
 tomakawked while offering supplications at the 
 throne of Grace. The entire family, consisting of 
 Mr. and Mrs. Wells, a brother and sister, three 
 children and three domestics, were killed. One 
 daughter, especially beloved for her kindness of heart 
 and many christian graces, having escaped from the 
 house was pursued by an Indian who, as he approach- 
 ed her, raised his tomahawk. She begged him, in 
 the Indian language, to spare her life. A tory, who 
 had been a servant in her father's family, and who 
 knew her amiable qualities, stepped between her and 
 the savage, and asked him to spare her life, claiming 
 she was his sister. The Indian pushed him roughly 
 
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HISTORY OF CHLKEY VALLEY. 25 
 
 aside and buried his hatchet in the head of the in- 
 nocent and pure hearted girl. One representative 
 of the family was left, a boy, who was at school in 
 Schenectady. He ultimately became a prominent 
 lawyer in New York city One of his descendants 
 was present at the unveiling of the monument, erect- 
 ed to the memory of the victims at the Centennial of 
 the Massacre in 1878. 
 
 The home of Rev. Mr. Dunlop, the venerable and 
 beloved minister of the settlement, was attacked. — 
 His life was spared through the influence of Little 
 Aaron, an Indian Chief, who had attended Mr. 
 Wheelock's school in Lebanon. Mrs. Dunlop was 
 killed and mutiliated in his presence. He was taken 
 prisoner, but was not retained. With a daughter he 
 went to New Jersey, where he died the following 
 year; never having recovered from the eifects of the 
 awful scenes through which he passed at the 
 Massacre. 
 
 The home of Mr. Mitchell was the scene of great 
 barbarity. He was himself not in the house when 
 the attack was made, though in sight of it. Seeing 
 the impossibility of aiding his family, and hoping 
 that his wife and children would be spared, he con- 
 cealed himself until the party left the house. He 
 returned immediately upon their leaving but it was 
 to find Mrs. Mitchell and three children dead and 
 bathed in their own blood. A- fourth child was not 
 quite dead,— a little girl ten or twelve years of age. 
 Taking her up tenderly he was endeavoring to restore 
 
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26 HISTORY OF CHEEKY VALLEY. 
 
 her to consciousness when he saw another party 
 approaching the house. He again concealed him- 
 self and from his place of concealment he saw a 
 white man, Newberry by name, cleave with his hat- 
 chet the head of his little daughter Newberry was 
 hung, at Canajoharie, the following summer; Mr. 
 Mitchell's testimony having much to do with his 
 conviction. 
 
 The Dickson's lived on a knoll about two miles 
 below the Fort. Hearing the Indians approach Mrs. 
 Dickson and her children climbed the precipitous 
 hill back of their house and concealed themselves in 
 the woods. Some time after the Indians had. 
 apparently, all gone by, Mrs. Dickson, cautioning 
 her children to remain in concealment, returned to 
 the house in search of food. She was at once seized 
 and killed by a party of Indians who had remained 
 behind as an ambuscade. The children lay in hid- 
 ing all that day and the following night. The next 
 morning the eldest child crept to the brink of the 
 hill and found the Indians encamped a little below 
 their home. One of the first sights she saw was a 
 tall pole stuck in the ground, on which were hung a 
 large number of human scalps and conspicious over 
 the rest was one of long fiery red hair which she 
 knew at once had belonged to her mother. Later in 
 the day a scouting party brought the motherless 
 children into the Fort. 
 
 The first person killed in the Massacre was James 
 Grault, one of the original settlers. His house was 
 
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HISTORY OF CHERRY VALLEY. 27 
 
 half a mile North of the Dicksons and was, with that 
 exception, the first house in the settlement in that 
 direction. They had no notice of the approach of 
 the Indians and the entire family was captured. — 
 Mr. Gault was at once slain. The other members of 
 the family were only retained in captivity a day or 
 two. 
 
 Col. Samuel Campbell was from home at the time 
 of the attack. On his return he found neither 
 mother, wife nor children. Later he learned that 
 Mrs. Campbell and four children had been taken 
 prisoners. When the house was' attacked it had been 
 vigorously defended by her father, Mr. Cannon. He 
 was finally wounded and the family captured, with 
 the exception of one child, who was concealed by the 
 negro nurse. 
 
 Among those who escaped captivity was the family 
 of Col. Clyde. The Colonel was not at home,^ Mrs. 
 Clyde, having learned of the attack, fied with her 
 seven children and a negro lad, from the house be- 
 fore the arrival of the Indians and Tories. With 
 the aid of the lad she succeeded in keeping the 
 children quiet in their concealment, although the 
 savages passed within a few feet of their hiding place. 
 She was tajsen into the Fort the following morning, 
 as was also a daughter, ten years of age, who was 
 seperated from her when they fled from the house. 
 
 A story is related of the escape of a family living 
 in the Fulling mill in Livingston's Glen, which has 
 in it a touch of humor, the only break in the record 
 
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28 HISTORY OF CHERRY VALLEY. 
 
 of the sad and awful horrors of the Massacre. — 
 Hearing the Indian outcries the mother hurried her 
 children up the bank, on the side of the Glen. Tell- 
 ing them to conceal themselves in the bushes and 
 cautioning them under no circumstances to answer 
 any calls, no matter by whom given, she sought 
 another hiding place and eventually reached the 
 Fort without her children. The following morning 
 a scouting party tried to find the children, but no 
 answer was returned to their calls and shouts, and 
 finally, discouraged, they fent a party after the 
 mother. She had no better success. In vain she 
 called them again and again. There was no response. 
 Heart broken in the belief that the Indians had 
 captured them she was about to return to the Fort 
 when one of the soldiers discovered them huddled 
 together, in fear and trembling, in a dense thicket 
 of brush, cold and hungry, but unharmed. 
 
 As morning drew on, the prisoners were assembled 
 together and commenced their weary march down 
 the valley, in a pitiless November storm. They en- 
 camped about two miles from the village and, after 
 a sleepless night, upon the dismal morning of the 
 twelfth, again started on their doleful way. Mrs. 
 Cannon, on account of her age and ptherwise en- 
 feebled condition, not being able to keep up with 
 the party, was killed and left by the wayside. A sad 
 day's march and another sorrowful night, and then 
 came the joyful announcement that the women and 
 children were to be sent back, with the exception of 
 
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HISTORY or CHERRY VALLEY. 2^ 
 
 the families of John Moore and Samuel Campbell, 
 whose prominence was such that their families were 
 carried into a long and severe captivity. An ex- 
 change was not made until near the close of the war. 
 Among the captives was the late James Campbell, 
 then a boy of five or six years, who died about 1870. 
 
 The Fort was attacked upon the 11th, but the as- 
 saila!nts were repulsed. An attack was agaiu made 
 on the 12th, but wisely heeding the remonstrance of 
 the cannon of the garrison the attacking party soon 
 retired and soon after departed down the valley.— ' 
 Two hours after they had gone a company of Con- 
 tinental troops under command of Col. James 
 Gordon, accomijanied by a regiment of the Mohawk 
 Militia under Col. Klock, arrived at the Fort, having 
 been notified by some of the fugitives of the attack 
 on the settlement. They were too late to do moi-e 
 than help in collecting the fugitives hidden in tbe 
 woods and assist in burying the dead. 
 
 The charred and mutilated remains of those who 
 had perished were collected and consigned to a 
 common grave in the village cemetery. It was 
 decided to abandon the settlement in which nothing 
 was left except the Fort, the Church, and here and 
 there a house. The cattle had been killed or driven 
 away ; the grain burned, and the vegetables destroyed 
 by fire or frost. Most of those who survived the 
 Massacre wended their way to the Valley of the 
 Mokawk. where they remained until the close of the 
 war. The Fort was occupied until the following 
 
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^0 HISTORY OF CHEREY VALLEY. 
 
 summer, when the Regiment was ordered to join 
 Clinton in the Sullivan expedition. 
 
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HISTOKY OF -CHERKY VALLEY. 31 
 
 CHAPTER V. 
 
 A'AEIOUS FACETS CONNECTED WITH THE MASSACRE. 
 
 The number of the Indians and Tories engaged in 
 the Massacre at Cherry Valley has been variously 
 estimated at from seven to eight hundred. Campbell 
 in his "Annals" places the number at seven hundred, 
 composed of five hundred Indians and two hundred 
 Eangers. Another authority states that the force 
 was about equally divided between Indians and 
 Tories, while still another states that there were four 
 hundred Tories engaged in the attack. As none of 
 the authorities place the number at more than eight, 
 or less than seven hundred, it may safely be assumed 
 that the force numbered somewhat over seven 
 hundred. 
 
 The circumstances leading to the attack, as given 
 in the Annals, were as follows: Capt. Walter Butler 
 was taken prisoner while on a visit to Tryon county, 
 in the summer of 1775, and confined in the Albany 
 goal. Pretending sickness, he was transferred to a 
 private house from which he effected his escape and 
 joined his father at Niagara. Here he procured com- 
 mand of a part of the regiment known as 'Butler's 
 
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H2 HISTORY OF C'HERKY VALLEY. 
 
 Rangers,' together with permission to employ the 
 Indian forces under Brant. Burning with a desire 
 for vengeance he at once started for Cherry Valley. 
 On his way he met Brant who was returning to 
 winter quarters at Niagara. The latter reluctantly 
 consented to accompany him, Campbell states, at 
 displeasure of being placed under the command of 
 Butler. Others take the more charitable view that, 
 knowing the vindictive spirit with which Butler was 
 animated, he was fearful that the outrages which 
 would be committed would sully his reputation for 
 humanity, of which he was very tenacious. Strange 
 as it may seem to the majority of people who are 
 woefully ignorant of the true character of this 
 remarkable man, it was doubtless fortunate for the 
 inhabitants of Cherry Valley that he finally con- 
 sented to join his forces with those of Butler. His 
 whole effort during the Massacre seems to have been 
 directed to protecting the women and children so far 
 as he had the power. It is known that he endeavor- 
 ed, by taking a short cut, to reach the house of Mr. 
 Wells in advance of the Senecas, the most blood- 
 thirsty of the Indians, and to whom most of the 
 barbarities of the Massacre are to be traced, in order 
 that he might protect them. Unfortunately he 
 was delayed in crossing a large plowed field and ar- 
 rived too late to save the lives of this very estimable 
 family. Another act, showing his humanity, is 
 related in the 'Annals' : 
 
 "In a house which he entered, he found a women 
 
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HISTORY OF CHLRRY VALLEY. 33 
 
 engaged in her usual business. "Are you thus 
 engaged, while all your neighbors are murdered 
 around you?" said Brant. "We are king's people," 
 she replied. "That plea will not avail you to-day. — 
 They have murdered Mr. Wells' family, who are as 
 dear to me as my own." "There is one Joseph Brant; 
 if he is with the Indians he will save us." "I am 
 Joseph Brant; but I have not the command, and I 
 know not that I can save you; but I will do what is 
 in my power." While speaking, several Senecas 
 were observed approaching the house. "Get into 
 bed and feign yourself sick," said Brant hastily. 
 
 When the Senecas came in, he told them there 
 were no persons there, but a sick women and her 
 children, and besought them to leave the house; 
 which after a short conversation, they accordingly 
 did. As soon as they were out of sight, Brant went 
 to the end of the house, and gave a long shrill yell; 
 soon after, a small band of Mohawks were seen cross- 
 ing the adjoining field with great speed. As they 
 came up, he addressed them — "Where is your paint? 
 here, put my mark upon this woman and her children." 
 As soon as it was done, he added, "You are now 
 probably safe." She was not again molested. 
 
 Brant's greatest act of mercy was in securing the 
 return, to their homes, of the women and children 
 captured at the time of the Massacre. That he 
 did not also secure the release of the Campbell and 
 Moore families was, doubtless, owing to the fact that 
 Walter Butler insisted on retaining them in order 
 
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34 HISTORY OF CHERRY VALLEY. 
 
 to obtain the release of his wife, who was held 
 captive by the authorities of Tryon county, by effect- 
 ing an exchange. 
 
 The number killed in the Massacre is given at 
 forty-eight, of which sixteen were soldiers of the 
 garrison. The captives taken, has been variously 
 estimated at from thirty to forty. The latter were 
 all released the second day, and returned to their 
 homes, with the exception of Mrs. Samuel Campbell 
 and four children, Mrs. John Moore and three 
 daughters, Mr. Cannon, several officers and men. — 
 Among the officers captured, was Lieut. Col. Stacey, 
 against whom Molly Brant had, for some unknown 
 reason, a deadly hostility. In order to bring about 
 his death, she resorted to the Indian method of 
 dreaming. "She informed Col. Butler that she 
 dreamed she had the Yankee's head, and that she 
 and the Indians were kicking it about the Fort. — 
 Col. Butler ordered a small keg of rum to be painted 
 and given to her. This, for a short time appeased 
 her, but she dreamed the second time that she had 
 the Yankee's head, with his hat on. Col. Butler 
 ordered another keg of rum to be given her, then 
 told her, decidedly, that Col. Stacey should not be 
 given up to the Indians. Col. Stacey was afterwards 
 exchanged. 
 
 The prisoners were taken to Kanedaseago, Mrs. 
 Campbell carrying a child of eighteen months in her 
 arms, the entire distance. Here the families were 
 separated, the several members being adopted into 
 
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HISTORY OF CHERRY VALLEY. 35 
 
 different Indian families. Mrs. Campbell was de- 
 tained at Kanedaseago about a year and then re- 
 moved to Niagara. Arrangements having been com- 
 pleted for her exchange her children were again 
 gathered together, with the exception of one boy of 
 six or seven years. Later Mrs. Campbell found him 
 awaiting her at Montreal, whither she was sent with 
 her family. He had entirely forgotten his native 
 tongue but spoke the Indian language fluently. 
 
 At about the same time, Mrs. Moore and her 
 children were exchanged and returned to Cherry 
 Valley, with the exception of one daughter, Jane, 
 who had, not long after her arrival at Niagara, 
 married a Capt. Powell, an English officer of excel- 
 lent reputation, with whom she remained in Canada. 
 Sims, in his "Frontiersmen," relates the following 
 anecdote, giving Brant himself as the authority: 
 
 Among those captured at Cherry Valley was a 
 man named Vrooman, with whom Brant was ac- 
 quainted. Desiring to aid him in escaping the lat- 
 ter, when the party was a few miles from the settle- 
 ment, sent Vrooman back, about two miles, after a 
 few strips of white bark, expecting that he would 
 take advantage of the opportunity and escape to the 
 Fort. Greatly to Brant's surprise and disgust, in a 
 couple of hours, Vrooman came panting back, bring- 
 ing with him the bark. 
 
 Col. John Butler, naturally sensitive of the stigma 
 which attached to the memory of his son, by reason 
 of the inhumanities practiced at the time of the 
 
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36 HISTORY OF CHERRY VALLEY. 
 
 Massacre, claimed that Brant's exhibition of human- 
 ity was prompted by a desire to cast discredit on 
 Walter Butler's humanity. Brant always strenuous- 
 ly denied this, and pointed to his conduct at other 
 places as evidence that he warred neither on women 
 nor children. 
 
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HISTORY OF CHERRY VALLEY. ii I 
 
 CHAPTER VI. 
 
 THE FINAL DESTRUCTION OF THE SETTLEMENT. 
 
 Although the greater part of the inhabitants of 
 Cherry Valley sought more protected places of 
 residence, immediately after the Massacre, a few 
 hardy settlers still clung to their homes, doubtless 
 in th& belief that there was so little in the way of 
 plunder left to repay them that the Indians would 
 not make another attack, or perhaps, in this poverty. 
 dreading more the seeking of new homes amon^ a 
 strange people than the chance of an attack from the 
 Indians. 
 
 Only two incidents of especial moment occurred 
 during the early winter following the Massacre. — 
 The first was the killing, by the Indians, of John 
 Thompson, a son of Alexander Thompson, a resident 
 of Cherry Valley, who had fled to the Mohawk at 
 the time of the Massacre. Young Thompson, who 
 was a promising youth of about twenty, had started 
 to ride up from the Mohawk with a party of young 
 men, to visit his former home. When at almost the 
 identical spot at which Lieut. W^ormuth (the early 
 spelling of this name seems to have been Wormwood) 
 
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38 HISTORY OF CHERRY VALLEY. 
 
 was slain, they were fired upon by a party of Indians 
 and Thompson was instantly killed. The remainder 
 of the party escaped. 
 
 The other incident which occasioned considerable 
 talk at the time, was the hanging of Wiggy Willson. 
 Willson's sympathies were known to be with the 
 tories and he was suspected by the settlers of actinj^ 
 as a spy on the settlement. At about the time of 
 the killing of young Thompson, and perhaps in con- 
 sequence of that act, the garrison became suspicious 
 that the Indians contemplated another attack on the 
 settlement. It was thought that Wiggy Willson 
 might be able to give information regarding the 
 intentions of the Indians. Accordingly a party, 
 composed of settlers and soldiers, visited him and 
 demanded that he should inform them as to the 
 intentions of his red friends. Unfortunately for 
 himself he could not give the desired information; 
 doubtless for the reason that he was as ignorant of 
 the matter as his neighbors. The latter had, how- 
 ever, little faith in Wiggy's sincerity, and, believing 
 that a little "moral suasion" was needed, produced a 
 rope and in a moment he was swinging from a 
 convenient appletree. Leaving him thus suspended 
 a sufficient length of time to convince him of their 
 earnestness, and to give him a fair idea of the un- 
 pleasantness of that means of ending life, he was let 
 down to the ground. The shock had however added 
 neither to his knowledge nor imagination and he 
 was again suspended in the air. This time he was 
 
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HISTOEY OF CHEKKY VALLEY, ;]9 
 
 allowpd to hang so long that it was only after much 
 labor that his blood was started in circulation. — 
 Frightened at their narrow escape from committing 
 murder the settlers took a hasty departure, leaving 
 the rope with Wiggy alike as a warning and a 
 memento. The episode created a good deal of un- 
 favorable comment at the time but it completely 
 cured Wiggy of his tory proclivities. 
 
 Brant, when some time after he heard of n reflec- 
 tion made on his cruelty, by a resident of Cherry 
 A" alley, retorted that "he had never himself made 
 war on women or children, nor," he added with em- 
 phasis "hanged a neighbor on suspicion." 
 
 John Foster was another re,sident whose Toryism 
 was more pronounced than that of Wiggy Willson. 
 Brant himself visited him the summer preceeding 
 the Massacre and there is little doubt but that he 
 was in constant communication with the Indian and 
 Tory leaders. It seems somewhat singular but ap- 
 parently after the war all ill feeling between the 
 patriots and the tories appears to have been dropped, 
 so far at least as this settlement was concerned, 
 Foster continued to live here many years after the 
 close of war and was always well treated. In fact 
 "Old Jacky Foster" became quite popular during his 
 later years. Foster and Willson were both illiterate 
 men. 
 
 During the following summer occured the remark- 
 able defence and escape of Eobert Shankland, of 
 which all the Border Histories of New York speak. 
 
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40 HISTORY OF CHEEKY VALLEY. 
 
 Mr. Shankland, having taken his family to the 
 Mohawk after the Massacre, returned the following 
 summer with his son, a boy of about 14 years, to 
 harvest his crops. He was awakened one night by a 
 pounding on the door of his log cabin. Getting up 
 he found that the Indians were trying to chop 
 through the door with their tomahawks. Taking 
 his spear in his hand he suddenly opened the door 
 and charged on the Indians. Surprised at the 
 suddenness of the unexpected attack they retreated 
 a few feet, followed by Mr. Shankland, who, in driv- 
 ing his spear at one of them, struck it in a log so 
 hard that he broke the handle in trying to pull it 
 out. Stooping down he grasped the blade, and 
 wrenching it from the log, returned to the house 
 without a shot being fired at him. Awakening his 
 son he took his guns and began returning the fire 
 which the Indians now commenced on the house, the 
 boy loading as he fired. Despairing of accomplish- 
 ing anything by this method of warfare, the Indians 
 gathered a quantity of inflammable material, and 
 X^lacing it against the side of the cabin, fired it. — 
 
 During the excitement attendant upon this the bov 
 
 i-/uiiug tue cAuiueuieiiL rtuLeiiua.ui upuii luis tue uuy 
 attempted to escape from the house but was captured 
 by the Indians. He was some time afterwards re- 
 leased. When he grew to manhood he moved to 
 Cooperstown and became a person of considerable 
 importance, having been a National Elector in 1808. 
 Mr. Shankland kept up his firing on the Indians, 
 until the heat became too great for him to remain 
 
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HISTORY OP CHERRY VALLEY. 41 
 
 longer in the burning building, when he bethought 
 himself of a cellar door close up to which grew a 
 field of hemp. Creeping through this he was fortun- 
 ate enough to escape through the hemp unperceived 
 by the Indians, who continued dancing, yelling and 
 shooting around the house until it was burned to 
 the ground. Then they continued on their way, 
 happy in the thought that the bones of the supposed 
 victim were buried in the ashes of his dwelling. 
 
 The peace of the settlement was undisturbed dur- 
 ing the following year and confidence was beginning 
 to return to the settlers, when, without warning, on 
 the 24th. of April, 1780, a party of seventy-nine 
 Indians and two tories descended on the ill-fated 
 settlement. Eight of the settlers were killed and 
 fourteen carried into captivity, and the settlement 
 was this time completely wiped out of existance; the 
 Fort, church and the few buildings left after the first 
 incursion being burned to the ground. Thus in a 
 few hours were the results of the labors and struggles 
 of nearly forty years destroyed; the valley returned 
 again into the undisputed possession of the beasts 
 and the birds, and Cherry Valley, a few years before, 
 the largest and most prominent of the Frontier 
 settlements of New York, was but a name. 
 
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42 HISTORY OF CHEREY VALLEY. 
 
 CHAPTER VII. 
 
 THE RE-SETTLEMENT OF CHERRY VALLEY. WASH- 
 
 IN<STQN'S YISIT, 
 
 The war was not fairly ended before the inhabi- 
 tants, who had been scattered during the war, 
 began to re-seek their old homes. It was truly a 
 sad returning. No vestige of their once populous 
 and flourishing settlement was left. Even the ruin- 
 ed foundations of their buildings were concealed 
 amid the berry bushes and alders, which grew lux- 
 uriantly in the ground enriched by the ashes from 
 their burned dwellings. The fields, once cleared with 
 great labor, were covered over with sumach and 
 poplar, intermingled with cherry and maple ; while 
 the fences, marking the boundaries of their farms, 
 or forming enclosures for their cattle, had been either 
 burned by the Indians, destroyed by roving beasts, 
 or rotted by the elements. The settlers who, return- 
 ing from their grand struggle for liberty, poor in 
 worldly goods and broken in health, laid the second 
 foundations of Cherry Valley had need of even 
 braver hearts and more stern determination than 
 those who, forty years before, had laid the original 
 
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HISTORY OF CHERRY VALLEY. 43 
 
 foundations. Their trials during the Revolution had 
 fitted them for the task and they bravely faced the 
 labors and hardships which awaited them. The 
 struggle though hard was not long. Soon after peace 
 was declared that great exodus from the Eastern 
 States to the vast, and then unknown, West, which 
 has continued uninterruptedly from that day to this, 
 was begun. Lying on the main routes between the 
 two sections, Cherry Valley, alike by the beauty of 
 its scenery, its former fame, and the reputation of 
 its inhabitants, attracted many of the emigrants and 
 in a few years it was again the largest settlement 
 south and west of the Mohawk. 
 
 In October, 1783, the settlement was honored with 
 a visit from "the Father of his Country." Gen. 
 Washington, accompanied by Gens. Clinton and 
 Hand, and a number of other military officers and 
 aides, rode up from Albany, by way of the Mohawk 
 Valley, stopping to dine with Col. Samuel Clyde, 
 then in command of the Fort at Canajoharie, on the 
 12th, and arriving at Cherry Valley the same after- 
 noon. The distinguished party was entertained by 
 Col. Samuel Campbell, at his newly re-built log 
 cabin, until the following day, when they visited Ot- 
 sego Lake ; returning to the Mohawk by the old 
 Continental road. 
 
 It is related in tradition that a reception was given 
 in honor of the party, the entire settlement gather- 
 ing in the main room of the cabin, and that Wash- 
 ington and his companions sat up until well into the 
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44 HISTOKY OP CHERRY VALLEY, 
 
 morning, listening to the wild border tales vividly 
 related by the bolder among the settlers. And we 
 are told that Kobert Shankland, standing in the 
 middle of the room, "fought his great battle o'er,'" 
 with all the earnestness and zeal that characterized 
 the real fight. 
 
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HISTORY OF C'HERUY VALLEY. 45 
 
 CHAPTER VIII. 
 
 EARLY CHURCH SOCIETIES. 
 
 As their fathers, when they settled in this wilder- 
 ness, whose virgin beauty had never been marred by 
 human hands, after they had builded their hum- 
 ble homes, turned their thoughts towards the erection 
 of a House to God, so the exiles returning to the 
 settlement whose every hill and dale showed the 
 desolating marks of human barbarity, having on the 
 ruins of their former homes erected again their rude 
 dwellings, places for their temporal shelter, turned 
 their thoughts toward their spiritual welfare. On 
 the 5th of October, 1785, at a meeting of the "ancient 
 inhabitants," for so the call reads, the Presbyterian 
 Society was re-organized and Col. Samuel Clyde, 
 John Campbell, jr., and James Willson were duly 
 elected Trustees thereof. The names of the electors 
 voting were as follows : Robert Shankland, Wm. 
 Thompson, Samuel Ferguson, James Moore, jr., John 
 Campbell, jr., Hugh Mitchell, Wm. Gault, James 
 Cannon, Samuel Campbell, jr., Samuel Clyde, Sam- 
 uel Campbell, Wm. Dickson, James Dickson, Daniel 
 McCoUum, John McKellip, Israel Wilson, Luther 
 Rich, James Wilson, Thomas Whitaker, Benjamin 
 Dickson and John Dunlap. 
 
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K) HISTORY OF CHERRY VALLEY. 
 
 In this list we find but two new names. The 
 others are all those of iJie-Revolutionary settlers. — 
 The two new residents voting were Thomas Whiticar 
 and Luther Rich. The latter was a wealthy and 
 prominent citizen and represented Otsego County 
 in the Legislature for many years, both as Assembly- 
 man and Senator. The list is interesting as show-, 
 ing that the great influx from the East had just 
 commenced. It was, however, very rapid from this 
 time onward, for four years later we find the old 
 residents far outnumbered by the new comers. 
 
 Though for several years after the re-organization 
 of the Presbyterian Society no regular Pastor was 
 stationed here, we learn, in various ways, that the 
 Gospel was preached at irregular intervals by visit- 
 ing ministers, mainly of the Presbyterian faith, 
 although the inhabitants, the majority of whom were 
 of that denomination, showed their freedom from 
 bigotry, by freely attending services held by min- 
 isters of other denominations. 
 
 As early as 1787 we find the Rev. Mr. Russell, an 
 Episcopal clergyman, of Connecticut, making the 
 long journey from that State to Cherry Valley, at 
 stated intervals, and here expounding the word of 
 God alike to Episcopalian and Presbyterian. He 
 continued making these trips until 1794, and the 
 records are still extant of a number of marriages 
 solemnized by him during that time. "Whether, in 
 view of the fact that the place was not during the 
 decade from 1795 to 1805, sufficiently populous and 
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HISTORY OF CHEEKY VALLEY. 47 
 
 wealthy to support two ministers, there was a friend- 
 ly agreement between the Episcopalians and Presby- 
 terians to unite, or whether it was a case of "the 
 survival of the fitest," or in plainer English of the 
 stronger, does not appear; but that one or the other 
 was the case is apparent from the following facts: 
 During the time the Rev. Mr. Russell held Episco- 
 pal services there was no Presbyterian minister 
 stationed here. Following the discontiuueuce of 
 Mr. Russell's visit in 1794-5 the Presbyterians 
 secured the regular services of the Rev. Eliphalet 
 Nott, who continued to act as their Pastor until 
 1798; about the time that the celebrated Father 
 Nash began to hold Episcopal services here. The 
 latter continued his labors in chis field until 180(5, 
 during which time the Presbyterians were without 
 a minister, except for a brief period in 1808-4. — 
 After that time the Presbyterians evidently became 
 again the controlling factor in the religion of the 
 town for in 1806 the Episcopalian society went out 
 of corporate existance, while the Presbyterians con- 
 tinued to grow and flourish. 
 
 The Episcopalians seem to have been organized 
 into a regular society as early as 1797, but it was not 
 regularly incorporated until 1803, when it was duly 
 incorporated under the title of "Trinity Episcopal 
 Church." The Wardens and Vestrymen elected at 
 that time were as follows: Ephraim Hudson and Eli- 
 jah Holt, Wardens ; Benjamin Gilbert, James Scott, 
 John Dutcher, John Walton, John Marshall and Cy- 
 
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48 BISTORT OF CHEERY VALLEY. 
 
 renus Stoddard, Vestrymen. Regular services were 
 discontinued in 1806 but, as will appear later, it is 
 probable that the corporation did not go out of legal 
 existence until the organization of the present So- 
 ciety. 
 
 At some time between 1786 and 1790 the Presby- 
 terians erected a Meeting House to supply the place 
 of the frame Church destroyed at the time of the 
 Massacre. At just what time the erection of this 
 church edifice was begun is not known, nor when 
 it was completed, but as the early Geographical 
 Cyclopedias in speaking of Cherry Valley always 
 mention the Church as a very "commodious and 
 handsome building," the presumption is that the 
 building was begun on a more pretentious plan than 
 the means of the parish were equal to, and that 
 accordingly it was several years in building. 
 
 It is an interesting fact, reminding us somewhat 
 of the early Puritans, with their odd but necessary 
 custom of carrying their guns to church, that when 
 the Meeting called to re-organize the Presbyterian 
 Church had performed its labors, another Meeting 
 was at once held to organize a Company of Militia, 
 or rather to re-organize the old Company which had 
 been in existence prior to, and during, the Revolu- 
 tion. No difficulty was found in securing the proper 
 officers, — the number of men in early Militia Com- 
 panies seems to have been a minor consideration, — 
 except that no officer could be found of the rank of 
 Major. The company therefore proceeded to ap- 
 
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HISTORY OF CHERRY VALLEY. 49 
 
 point its own Major in the person of James Thomp- 
 son, a worthy man who had served with credit during 
 the war. Although he never received any more 
 formal commission, he lived and died "Major'' 
 Thompson, and it is related that during his later 
 years he was exceedingly proud of having been pro- 
 moted "on the field." A second Company of Militia 
 was organized in 1799, and Cherry Valley became 
 soon after quite a Military centre, and continued 
 such until the opening of the Civil War. 
 
 A recruiting oflBcer for the United States Army 
 made his head quarters here as early as 1795. — 
 Beardsley, in his "Reminiscences," states that in 
 1798 the recruiting officer for "John Adams' Army", 
 as it was called, found it necessary to punish an 
 obstreperous recruit by having him tied to a small 
 sapling, back of the Academy, and thoroughly flog- 
 ged. The tree, now a hugh elm, still stands on Mrs. 
 Olcott's land to the south-east of the old Academy 
 lot. 
 
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50 HISTORY OF CHERRY VALLEY. 
 
 CHAPTER IX. 
 
 EARLY TAVERNS. • 
 
 During the Summer of 1786 Thomas Whitaker 
 erected a Tavern on the corner of Montgomery and 
 Genesee streets — on the site of the old Tryon House. 
 This is the first hotel, in this section of the country, 
 of which we have any authenticated record. There 
 is a tradition that there was a Tavern previous to the 
 Revolution, on the present Moore property, opposite 
 the Cemetery. This is quite possible, and indeed is 
 very probable, since a settlement of three hundred 
 people would be likely to have furnished ample sup- 
 port for a Tavern, in those free drinking days, but 
 we find nothing but the presumption to attest 
 attest to the truth of the traditon regarding it. A 
 Tavern was, however, erected on this site a few years 
 after the Revolution. This house, which was at the 
 time the oldest building in the village, was torn 
 down some ten or fifteen years ago. 
 
 The story is frequently told that there was a Tav- 
 ern on the site of the present Raymond Eckerson 
 house, in which Washington slept while here. This 
 is, of course, an idle story, born in some fertile 
 
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HISTORY OF CHEREY VALLEY. 51 
 
 imagination, but it has found many believers. The 
 proof that Gen. Washington stayed at Col. Camp- 
 bell's, while here, is unquestionable, and it is a fur- 
 ther authenticated fact that there were no houses 
 within the present village limits, at the time of 
 Washington's visit. The Tavern on the Eckerson 
 lot was built, about 1793, by Benjamin Johnson and 
 was kept by him, and afterwards by Ezekiel John- 
 son, for many years. About the same time a Tavern 
 was built, on the present site of the Central Hotel, 
 by John Walton. Walton's Tavern was the most 
 popular hostelry in this part of the State until 
 William Story erected his famous Tavern, at the up- 
 per end of the village, about 1812. The latter was 
 for many years the most farrious Inn between Albany 
 and Canandaigua and was the favorite stopping place 
 of the leading men of the (then) West, on their way 
 to and from the State Capital. 
 
 On the 6th day of May, 1800, Ephraim Hudson, 
 Supervisor, and Joseph White and Elijah Holt, 
 Justices, met as a Board of Excise at the house of 
 John Walton and granted Licenses to the following 
 Inn or Tavern keepers, viz : John Walton, Thomas 
 Whitaker, Ozias Waldo, Naphtily Woodburn, Benja- 
 min Johnson, Stephen Frink and Edward Williams, 
 jun. These men are all certified to as being of good 
 moral character, and it is further certified that "it is 
 absolutely necessary for the benefit of travel that a 
 Publick Inn or Tavern be kept" at the several places 
 mentioned. Two years later licenses were again 
 
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52 HISTORY OF OHEREY VALLEY, 
 
 granted to the above, except that John R. Whitaker 
 had succeeded his father Thomas Whitaker, and to 
 the following additional Inn keepers : Wm. Dick- 
 son, jun., Moses Woodburn, Daniel Clark, Elisha 
 Flint, and Samuel Campbell, jun. Licenses were 
 also granted to John Diell, Peter Magher and Moses 
 Woodburn, store-keepers. This gives an excellent 
 idea of the growth of travel, in this part of the State,- 
 during the two first years of the present Century. — 
 There is no record that there was any charge for 
 licenses at this time. After 1812, for many years, the 
 charge for a Hotel license was f 7., and for Store- 
 keeper's license $5. 
 
 It is somewhat remarkable that nearly all of the 
 early Inn-keepers accumulated fortunes, although the 
 charge for meals or lodging was only six pence and 
 whiskey sold for three pence a glass. 
 
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HISTORY OF CHEERY VALLEY. 5:) 
 
 CHAPTER X. 
 
 FORMATION OF THE TOWN AND COUNTY. 
 
 In 1791 Otsego county was formed from Mont- 
 gomery county, and an effort was made by the resi- 
 dents to have Cherry Valley appointed the County 
 Seat. Owing to its more central location and the 
 influence of the Coopers, combined, if we are to be- 
 lieve tradition, with political manipulation whii-li 
 would cause a modern "machine politician" to blush. 
 Cooperstown, then in its infancy, secured the coveted 
 l)rize. Cooperstown did not, however, in many years 
 become a rival of Cherry Valley in general impor- 
 tance. James Cannon was appointed the first Sur- 
 rogate of the County, and it is a little remarkable 
 that he was also the first representative from this 
 County in the State Legislature ; holding at the 
 same time the office of Surrogate and Member of 
 Assembly. At the time of its formation the towns 
 of Otsego and Cherry Valley, both formed at this 
 time, constituted the entire County. Previous to 
 this all this section had been included in the town 
 of Canajoharie. 
 
 The first Supervisor of the Town of Cherry Valley 
 was the afterwards renowned Dr. Joseph White. — 
 John Bull was the first Town Clerk. The latter held 
 
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54 HISTORY OF CHERRY VALLEY. 
 
 the office of Town Clerk for a number of years, re- 
 ceiving the very modest compensation of five dollars 
 a year for his services. 
 
 It is an interesting fact, for several reasons, and 
 especially as showing that frauds in voting, and ille- 
 gal elections, are not of recent invention, that the 
 vote of Cherry Valley at the first State election, after 
 the formation of the town, was thrown out as illegal. 
 The indirect result of this was the election of George 
 Clinton as Governor, and the consequent defeat of 
 Chief Justice Jay for that office. The reasons lead- 
 ing to the throwing out of the vote of this town — 
 which necessitated the throwing out also of the vote 
 of the county, — may be briefly stated : The election 
 was held in April, 1792. Benjamin Gilbert, had been 
 appointed Sheriff on the 30th of March, but did not 
 qualify until the 11th of May. On May 3rd, Richard 
 R. Smith, whose terra of office had nominally ex- 
 pired on the 18th of February, forwarded to the Sec- 
 retary of the State Board of Canvassers the votes of 
 the Town of Cherry Valley with the proper certifi- 
 cate signed by himself as Sheriff, 
 
 The question was at once raised by the Clinton 
 party, acting under the advice of Aaron Burr, then 
 one of the foremost men in the state, that Smith was 
 not legally Sheriff — his term of office having expir- 
 ed, — and had no authority to act as such, and that 
 therefore the returns were null and void. The 
 Clintonians, being in the majority on the Board of 
 Canvassers, accordingly threw out the vote of Otsego 
 
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HISTORY or CHERRY VALLEY. 55 
 
 county. As Clinton only received 108 majority, and 
 Otsego county gave Jay about 400, it will be seen 
 that Cherry Valley at its first election, exerted a 
 very decided influence in the affairs of the state- 
 though in a negative sort of a way. 
 
 The contest over this incident, which was c(ni- 
 tinued, in and out of the Legislature, for (jver a year, 
 resulted in an attempt to impeach William Cooper, 
 father of the novelist, then first Judge of Otsego 
 county. Although the attempt at impeachment fail- 
 ed, it was shown that he had encouraged illegal vot- 
 ing in favor of Mr. Jay, and discouraged legal voting 
 against him, even to the extent of threatening t<j use 
 his authority as Judge against those expressing an 
 intention of voting for Mr. Clinton. As Judge Coop- 
 er was a man of high standing in the community it 
 shows that politics in the last Century were not as 
 pure as some suppose them to have been. 
 
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56 HISTORY OF CHEEKY VALLEY. 
 
 CHAPTER XI. 
 
 FROM 1795 TO 1800. 
 
 The decade ending with 1795 was a prosperous-- 
 one for the now flourishing village. The tide 
 of emigration was sweeping westward and the 
 country for fifty miles beyond the borders of the 
 county of Otsego was dotted with rude farm houses, 
 while here and there settlements were springing up. 
 Cherry Valley, as yet the largest village, profited by 
 the increased einigration, not only from the trade 
 that flowed to it from all the country to the west, 
 bui, also because of the benefits derived from its be- 
 ing on the main thoroughfares to the regions beyond. 
 
 During this time the Academy was re-established 
 and a commodious building, forty by sixty feet, was 
 erected. In 1795 ths Academy had about sixty 
 students, a remarkably large number for those times 
 and a proof of the extended reputation .which it 
 must already have acquired. It was during this 
 time that the Rev. Soloman Spaulding, the princi- 
 pal of the Academy, wrote the Biblical romance, 
 which afterwards fell into the hands of Joseph Smith, 
 and was adopted by him as the basis of the Mormon 
 
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HISTORY OF CHERKY VALLEY. 57 
 
 Bible. Soon after this the Trustees of the Academy 
 called for Mr. Spaulding's resignation.. 
 
 In 1795 the population of Cherry Valley, which 
 then included the present Worcester towns, Spring- 
 field and Roseboom, was little short of 3000, yet the 
 population of the village itself, although it was still 
 the most important village west of Schenectady, was 
 
 less than 350, and contained only 36 houses. From 
 this time on, the growth of the village was pro- 
 portionately more rapid than that of the surround- 
 ing country. Business men and storekeepers rushed 
 in to supply the growing trade of the country, while 
 lawyers, doctors, and other professional men, sought 
 this as a central location in which to follow their 
 professions. More hotels were needed to accom- 
 modate the ever increasing stream of travel and black- 
 smiths could hardly be found in sufficient numbers 
 to supply the demand. Shoemakers, wheel-wrights, 
 carpenters, and artisans of various kinds, made their 
 way here and added to the growth and prosperity of 
 the place. The Academy, too, increased greatly in 
 members, from 1796 to 1798, under the direction of 
 the renowned Dr. Nott, who in later years, as Pres- 
 ident of Union College, left the stamp of his indiv- 
 iduality on so many generations of "Old Union's" 
 
 sons. 
 
 An additional impetus was given to the growth of 
 the village by the building of the Great Albany Turn- 
 pike, the first of those great arteries which carried the 
 stream of travel to the west, until the building of the 
 
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58 HISTORY OF CHERRY VALLEY. 
 
 Erie Canal diverted it to the valley of the Mohawk. 
 The charter for this road was granted in 1799 and 
 authorized the building of a Turnpike, beginning 
 at the city of Albany and running through various 
 towns to a terminus at the hotel of John Walton, in 
 the village of Cherry Valle> . In 1800 a charter was 
 granted for the building of a Turnpike from Cherry 
 Valley to the foot of Skaneatles Lake. James Feni- 
 more Cooper, in his Chronicles of Cooperstown, 
 speaks of a charter being granted in 1794 for a state 
 road running from Albany, through Cherry Valley, 
 to Cooperstown, but we find no evidence of such a 
 road having been built. Cooper says that it took 
 the entire day to drive from Cooperstown to Cherry 
 Valley in 1795, a distance of thirteen miles. At this 
 time the journey from Cherry Valley to Albany took 
 about five days. Twenty-five bushels of wheat was 
 considered a load. Wheat, delivered in Albany, was 
 worth from $1.50 to $1.75 a bushel. 
 
 In 1797, the towns of Middlefield, Springfield and 
 Worcester, were formed from Cherry Valley, reduc- 
 ing its population from 3000 to 1600. This re- 
 duction in the size of the town was not, however, 
 felt by the village since it still remained the trading 
 centre of the new towns. 
 
 On the 8th of February, 1796, the Cherry Valley 
 Academy was regularly incorporated under the Ke- 
 gents of the State of New York. The Charter, which 
 is signed by John Jay, Chancellor of the University, 
 and DeWitt Clinton, Secretary, names Eli Parsons, 
 
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HISTORY OF CHERRY VALLEY. 59 
 
 Luther Rich, Benjamin Kathbone, Lester Holt, 
 Samuel Campbell, Ephraim Hudson, Ozias Waldo, 
 C. P. Yates, William White, jr., Robert Dickson, 
 Thomas Whitaker, Simeon Rich, Joseph White, Eli 
 jah Holt and Richard Edwards, as Trustees. An 
 eminently respectable Board, and one that, it is to be 
 feared, the place could not now, over a hundred years 
 later, duplicate, either in prominence, ability, wealth 
 or social standing. 
 
 At the close of the last Century, Cherry Valley 
 had already become celebrated, throughout the 
 country, as the home of many noted men, among 
 whom were the Rev. Eliphalet Nott, afterwards the 
 most famous College President of his day; Dr. 
 Joseph 'White, then a leading member of the State 
 Senate and later the leading physician of the State ; 
 Dr. William Campbell, afterwards State Engineer 
 and Surveyor and a member of the Board of Regents; 
 Judge Ephraim Hudson, a man of extended reputa- 
 tion for ability and worth; Gen. Elijah Holt, for 
 many years prominent in Military circles; Isaac 
 Seeley, one of the leading lawyers of the State; Sen- 
 ator Luther Rich, a prominent factor in the politics 
 of this section of the State ; Senator Robert Rose- 
 boom, a member of the Council of Appointment; 
 CoL Samuel Campbell, of Revolutionary fame; Col. 
 Libbeus Loomis, a prominent member of the "Cin- 
 cinnatti Society;" James Cannon, the first Surrogate 
 and first member of Assembly of the county; Benja- 
 min Gilbert who enjoyed the unusual distinction of 
 
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60 HISTOKY OF OHEKEY VALLEY. 
 
 being four times Sheriff of the county; Eli Parsons, 
 Major Lester Holt, Capt. Jerome Clark, C. P. Yates, 
 Simeon Rich, Ephraim Hudson, Jr., Ozias Waldo, 
 John Walton, Peter Magher, Robert Dickson, Hor- 
 ace Ripley, John Bull, Robert Dunlap and Thomas 
 Whitaker — all men of consideration, either because 
 of their ability, wealth, influence, or social position. 
 One of the "characters" of that day was an old 
 seaman, named William Cook, who was the "Ben 
 Pump" of Cooper's "Pioneers." All of the men 
 mentioned were residents of Cherry Valley between 
 1795 and 1800. 
 
 It is worthy of note that Cherry Valley was even at 
 this early date, a place of considerable wealth. The 
 early tax books show that there was more personal 
 property here than in any town west of Schenectady. 
 In this connection it is to be remembered that 
 wealth is always relative. As nearly as we can judge 
 the purchasing power of money was from four to five 
 times greater than it now is. Thus, as has been 
 mentioned, meals at a hotel were six pence and whis- 
 key three pence a glass; men were paid two shillings 
 a day, for ordinary labor, and boys a shilling. Some 
 things were, of course, worth proportionately more, 
 and some'less, but the average shows the purchasing 
 power of money to have been about as stated. Lux- 
 uries were generally high but the necessaries of life 
 cost practically nothing. Wood could be had for 
 the cutting, clothes were mainly home made, while 
 butter, milk and meat, were worth comparatively 
 
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HISTORY OF CHEREl VALLEY. ()1 
 
 nothing. Little money passed hands in ordinary 
 transactions, especially in the farming districts. A 
 man working for a farmer was expected to take his 
 pay in farm produce, or in orders on store-keepers, — 
 which would be paid in produce. Old contracts 
 show that the rent of a good farm, of from one to two 
 hundred acres, was from fifteen to twenty-five dol- 
 lars a year. Farms were usually rented for a term 
 of from ten to twenty-five years. Between the 
 amount of money in circulation, then and now, the 
 disproportion was much greater. Although the 
 place was noted for its wealth it is doubtful if a man 
 in it was worth ten thousand dollars in 1800. Elisha 
 Flint, who died in 1806, was considered a very well- 
 to-do business man and yet his estate inventoried 
 only $3742.38. 
 
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62 HISTORY OF CHERRY VALLEY. 
 
 CHAPTER XII. 
 
 CHERRY VALLEY AT THE BEGINNING OF THE PRESENT 
 CENTURY. 
 
 In 1800 Cherry Valley, although it contained less 
 than five hundred inhabitants, was the most impor- 
 tant village west of Schenectady. Commercially it 
 was in advance of that city. Buffalo and Rochester 
 had not yet been settled and, indeed, most of the 
 country in the western part of the State was a wilder- 
 ness. A number of villages rivalled this in the 
 number of their people, but they did not compare 
 with it in influence or traffic. The completion of 
 the first Great Western Turnpike brought a vast 
 addition to its trade, which was still further increas- 
 ed by the building of the second and third Great 
 Western Turnpikes ; the former chartered in 1801 
 and the latter in 1808 — both running through Cher- 
 ry Valley. 
 
 Among those who took up their residence here in 
 the early part of the Century were: Jabez D. Ham- 
 mond, Levi Beardslay, James O. Morse and James 
 Brackett, — all of whom became men of great in- 
 fluence in the State, and Rev. Eli F. Cooley, a dis- 
 
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HISTORY OF CHEERY VALLEY. fiS 
 
 tinguished scholar and divine. In view of the fewness 
 of College educated men, in those days, it is worthy 
 of note that four of these six men were College grad- 
 uates: Brackett from Dartmouth, Morse from Union, 
 Cooley from Princeton and Stewart from a Vermont 
 College. This fact is rendered the more noticeable 
 when we recall that at no time within the past twenty- 
 five years have there been more than half a dozen 
 College graduates nmong the residents of Cherry 
 Valley. 
 
 The influence that Cherry Valley exerted in the 
 early part of the present Century is shown by the 
 fact that the State Senator from this district was 
 usually taken from here. Thus we find Dr. Joseph 
 "White representing the district in the Senate in 
 1796-7-8-9 ; Eobert Koseboom in 18CO-1-2-8-4;- 
 Luther Rich in 1808-9-10-11; Jabez D. Hammond 
 in 1818-19-20-21. The latter was also a member of 
 Congress in 1815-1(5-17. Of these men White, 
 Eoseboom, and Hammond, were members of the 
 powerful Council of Appointment, which controlled 
 practically all the offices in the State including most 
 of the county offices. Cherry Valley was also well 
 represented in the Assembly. The early repre- 
 sentatives from this town in that body were 
 Elijah Holt, 1798, Benjamin Gilbert, 1799, Robert 
 Roseboom, 1800, Samuel Campbell, 1802, James 
 Moore and Luther Rich, (two from this town), 1808, 
 Luther Rich, 1806, Eob't. Roseboom, 1807-8, Benj, 
 Gilbert, 1810, Rob't. Roseboom, 1811-12-14, Wm. 
 
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64 HISTOKY OF CHEERY VALLEY. 
 
 Campbell and Oliver Judd, 1816, (2), Wm. Camp- 
 bell, 1817, John Moore 1818. About this time a 
 fight arose between Cherry Valley and the rest of 
 the connty and it was some years before the former 
 i-egained its old influence, so that for a number 
 of years it was unrepresented in the State Legislature. 
 
 In 1806, Trinity Lodge, No. 139, F. & A. M., was 
 organized and continued in operation until 1814, 
 when it suspended until 1817. It was finally dis- 
 banded in 1828, and was not resurrected again until 
 1854, since which time it has been in successful 
 operation. A Eoyal Arch Chapter was instituted in 
 1818. Its Charter was allowed to lapse in 1828. The 
 Lodge was very active, in 1824, in rendering as- 
 sistance to the Greeks in their struggle for freedom. 
 A considerable amount of clothing and munition was 
 collected and forwarded to Greece. Most of the 
 men prominent in the histoiy of the town, in the 
 early part of the Century, were members of the Lodge 
 and Chapter, includinc Joseph White, Delos White. 
 Elijah Holt, Lester Holt, Abraham Roseboom, Alvin 
 Stewart, Levi Beardsley, Jonathan Hall, Peter Mag- 
 her, William Campbell, John Forester, George Clyde, 
 Edwin Judd and Jabez D. Hammond. Some of 
 these men were prominent in Masonic circles, nota- 
 bly John Forester, by whom most of early Lodges in 
 this section of the State were instituted. 
 
 The first district school, of which we have any 
 knowledge, was erected at the head of the lane west 
 of the present Methodist Parsonage, early in the 
 
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HISTORY OP CHERRY VALLEY. 65 
 
 present Century . The expense of running the school, 
 including the pay of the teacher, was divided per 
 capita between the scholars, except that the trustees 
 were authorized to exempt poor pupils from the pay- 
 ment of tuition and charge same against the other 
 scholars. No public money was received by the 
 village school until after it was re-organized as a 
 Lancaster School in 1818. The School district was 
 re-organized and reduced in size in 1815. The num- 
 ber of the district was also" changed from 3 to 13. 
 John R. Whitaker, Horace Ripley and Jonathan 
 Rudd were elected Trustees of the new district. — 
 The number of scholars in attendance in that year 
 (1815) was 121. One teacher was employed. At 
 that time a teacher was compelled to pass an ex- 
 amination before the Town Inspector of Schools, be- 
 fore being permitted to teach. In 1818, the electors 
 of the district voted to purchase a new site and erect 
 a School house thereon at a cost of $1200. The build- 
 ing erected at that time is still occupied by the vil- 
 lage school. The first Trustees of the Lancaster 
 School were Joseph Clyde, Peter Magher and Oliver 
 Judd. 
 
 That the village, early in the Century, had begun 
 to assume a metropolitan air is shown by the fact 
 that in 1802 a village pound was erected for the con- 
 finement of stray horses and cattle. In 1810 a new 
 pound was erected and ordinances were passed mak- 
 ing the owner of any gelding, mare or colt, running 
 loose, subject to a fine of fifty cents a head, onie half 
 
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66 HISTORY OF CHEEKY VALLEY. 
 
 of said fine to be paid to the person driving said 
 animals to the pound, the remainder to accrue to the 
 village. A similar fine was charged for neat cattle 
 running loose. Owners of stallions, running loose, 
 were charged the large fine of twelve dollars and 
 fifty cents. Swine, rams and geese, were seized and 
 sold for the benefit of the town. 
 
 For many years all the monies belonging to the 
 town or village, were loaned out, to such of the 
 inhabitants as could furnish good sureties, at the 
 prevailing rate of interest. 
 
 The war of 1812 attracted very little attention in 
 Cherry Valley and aroused no enthusiasm. In fact 
 it was generally looked upon as a political matter; 
 the republicans favoring and the federalists opposing 
 it. The main fact of interest connected with it, so far 
 as this town is concerned, was the drawing of lots in 
 the village square. All the drafted men in 
 this section were gathered together in the square and 
 drew lots from a hat. Those drawing blanks 
 were dismissed; the others were enlisted. Wm. 
 Paddock, whom older residents will remember better 
 as "Old Billy Paddock," was then a boy of sixteen; 
 too young to be drafted, but not too young to serve. 
 It was a common custom for drafted men to pay 
 some one to "stand their chance" at the "drawing." 
 Young Paddock received ten dollars apiece from 
 seven men for "standing their chance," and in each 
 case drew a blank. Finally he received thirty dol- 
 lars to serve in the stead of someone less fortunate 
 
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HISTORY OF CHERRY VALLEY. 67 
 
 in the military lottery and went to the war, serving 
 through it with credit. The hundred dollars which 
 he received on the day of the drawing, made him the 
 envy of all his companions, and, as he often said in 
 later life, "the richest boy in the village." Poor 
 fellow ! he was far from being the "richest man" in 
 the village, having been supported for a number of 
 years previous to his death, in the seventies, by the 
 Masonic Order. 
 
 The others who served in the war of 1812, and 
 have died within the recollection of the older gen- 
 erations, were Asa Glazier, Aaron VanDyke, John 
 Dutcher, James McKellip, Samuel Davy, John 
 Boyce, Silas Hill, Wm. Graig and James Boyle. 
 
 In 1»15 Cherry Valley, for the second time, in- 
 directly exercised a deciding influence on the politics 
 of the State. Although only a coincidence, which 
 might have happened to any town, it is a matter of 
 local interest that this town should have twice turned 
 the political scales of the State. The present case 
 is one of general interest as showing how small a 
 matter may sometimes change the politics of a great 
 State. The election of 1815 was hotly contested by 
 both parties and the result was exceedingly close.— 
 There were five members of Assembly elected from 
 this county, all being republicans, with the exception 
 of Dr. Wm. Campbell, of Cherry Valley, whose ability 
 and personal popularity caused him to run ahead of 
 his ticket. He was elected by one vote. By a 
 singular coincidence his vote gave the Federalists 
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68 HISTORY OF CHEERY VALLEY, 
 
 the control of the Legislature, also by one vote, and 
 the consequent control of the State, through the 
 Council of Appointment. 
 
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HISTOKY OF CHEEKY VALLEY. OU 
 
 CHAPTER XIII. 
 
 WITCHCRAFT. SLAVES. EARLY CUSTOMS, SPORTS, ETC. 
 
 It will doubtless surprise many people to learn 
 that, early in the Century, witchcraft was quite gen- 
 erally believed in among the country people in tliis 
 section. The various ailments which effected a 
 farmer's cattle were usually laid at the door of some 
 old woman, who was accused of being a witch. - 
 Beardsley in his "Reminiscences" says: "Within 
 seven miles of Cherry Valley is a valuable farm from 
 which two acres of the best land was carved out, and 
 conveyed, to settle a claim, for having charged a 
 woman with witchcraft, and that by her witcheries 
 she had destroyed his property. She still holds the 
 property, (1852) under this witch consideration for 
 the title, having refused to sell it back although the 
 original owner has offered a high price for it. In 
 the same neighborhood lived a man who was a sev- 
 enth son, and has been sent for hundreds of times, 
 to charm away, or take off the witch spell from those 
 effected." 
 
 Slaves were common in this section prior to 1825, 
 especially household servants. Male negroes gen- 
 
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70 HISTORY OF CHEERY VALLEY. 
 
 erally succeeded in purchasing or, in other ways, 
 securing their freedom. Oftentimes male slaves 
 were promised their freedom at the end of a stated 
 period, in order to stimulate them to work more faith- 
 fully. It was necessary to record the birth of a child 
 born of slave parents in order to entitle the owner of 
 the parent, or parents, to its services when the child 
 became of age. The early town records contain a 
 copy of the certificates issued, in a number , of such 
 cases, of which the following are samples: 
 
 "Ou the 38th of August, 1803, a child of color was bom in 
 my house of my negro wench, she being a slave for life. — 
 The child is a male and is called Beii. 
 
 Joseph White. 
 
 Registered 23rd March, 1804. 
 
 I. Seelye, Town Clerk. 
 
 "On the fifth day of September, 1803, was bom in my 
 house, of my negro woman, a slave for life, a child of color. 
 The child is a male. His name is Harry. 
 
 Thomas Whitakek. 
 
 Registered 2nd June, 1804., etc. 
 
 The following is a copy of a certificate relating to 
 the freeing of slaves : 
 
 "Whereas a certain negro man named Bob, formerly the 
 slave of Capt. Peter Low, and now the slave of Abraham 
 Roseboom, whom he has served for the term of seven years, 
 at which time he has been promised his freedom, and where- 
 as he is now desirous of being legally manumitted by his 
 said master. We, the Overseers of the Poor for the Town of 
 Cherry VaUey, do hereby certify that we have received suf- 
 ficient proof that he is under the age of forty-five years and 
 of sufficient ability to provide for himself. 
 
 Dated, this 31st day of December, 1817. 
 
 James Church, ) Overseers of 
 Thos. Thompson, j the Poor. 
 
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HISTOKY OF CHERRY VALLEY, 71 
 
 The above certificate is given o'u the express condition that 
 the above named slave be manumitted to-morrovF. 
 
 Abraham Roseboom. 
 Rec'd and Recorded Jan. 5th, 1818. 
 
 Joseph B. "Walton, Town Clerk. 
 Sales of slaves were never common in Cherry Val- 
 ley. They were usually brought by families moving 
 here from other sections and were looked upon as a 
 part of the household. Sales were occasionally made 
 however, and as late as 1818 we find the publishers 
 of the Cherry Valley Gazette offering "a good 
 healthy negro girl of 18", for sale. 
 
 Lawsuits were an unending source of entertain- 
 ment in the country districts. It is perhaps un- 
 necessary to state that "the dignity of the law" was 
 very generally ignored at them. For the convenience 
 of the neighborhood the sessions of the "Court" were 
 held in the evening. Before the trial opened it was 
 considered inicumbent upon each of the contestants 
 to "treat" the crowd. After the trial commenced the 
 clients used their own judgement as to the amount 
 of treating they should do; but as public opinion 
 was likely to swing in favor of the party who was 
 most liberal in supplying liquids, few had occasion 
 to go dry. A jug of whiskey usually stood on the 
 table for the especial benefit of the Justice and the 
 lawyers. Trials generally lasted until well into the 
 nio-ht, by which time the Court, Jury and spectators 
 were usually in a condition to take little interest in 
 the proceedings. Blackguardism was a strong 
 weapon with many of the "pettifoggers" and always 
 
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72 HISTORY OF CHERRY VALLEY. 
 
 delighted the spectators. Beardsley, who was after- 
 wards President of the State Senate, relates his ex- 
 perience with one of the pettifoggers, who was 
 accustomed to wia his cases by browbeating the 
 opposing lawyer. Being prepared for the occasion, 
 at the first attempt of his opponent to cast ridicule 
 upon him, Beardsley, reaching across the table, seized 
 the bully by the collar, pulled him over the table 
 and, giving his nose a tweak, threatened him with 
 dire punishment, if he made any further disparaging 
 remarks. This summary proceeding completely 
 quelled the pettifogger and took from him his only 
 weapon of offense and defense, so that Beardsley 
 easily won his case. In the larger villages, however, 
 considerable dignity was maintained in the Justices' 
 Courts and the Justices themselves were usually men 
 of excellent judgement and some legal ability. 
 
 Some of the customs, of the early days, would 
 seem more than passing strange in this age . It >vas 
 then common to see even married women of quite 
 well-to-do families, trudging along barefoot, carrying 
 their shoes in their hands to avoid getting them 
 soiled. Children always went barefoot except to 
 church. Carriages were rarely seen, women as well 
 as men traveling on horseback. It was no un- 
 common thing for a young man to take his girl on 
 horseback with him, she riding behind, to a dance 
 or ball — frequent amusements in those days. Fourth 
 of July Balls were the great social event of the year. 
 Dancing was begun before dinner and continued 
 
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HISTORY OP CHERRY VALLEY. 73 
 
 until daybreak the following morning, cakes and 
 wine being passed around, so as not to interfere with 
 the dancing. Fiddlers were scarce and in great de- 
 mand. Bray ton Allen, of Cherry Valley, was the 
 most celebrated fiddler in this part of the country 
 and went great distances to furnish music at dances. 
 
 Drinking was freely indulged in. When a party 
 of men met, instead of each drinking from a seperate 
 glass, a large bowl was mixed, from which each of the 
 party drank in turn; the last man drinking calling 
 for another. The carousals which were indulged in, 
 by men of the highest standing, would shock a 
 country community in these days. 
 
 Quoit pitching and wrestling were the most 
 common sports indulged in by men. Every Tavern 
 had its quoit grounds, and around them were nearly 
 always congregated a crowd of players and spectators. 
 A crowd changing with every arrival or departure of 
 the almost endless string of stages, freight and emi- 
 grant wagons. Constant practice made many of the 
 drivers and teamsters remarkably expert, and wagers 
 over games were frequent. Some became semi- 
 professionals and matches were made between them 
 for large sums — sometimes as high as two or three 
 hundred dollars. All classes engaged in the sport. 
 
 Wrestling was mainly confined to teamsters, hos- 
 tlers and the rougher and lower classes, though the 
 better part of the community freely viewed the con- 
 tests, and made wagers on the results. A man named 
 Slocum, who made Cherry Valley his headquarters 
 
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74 HISTORY OF CHERRY VALLEY. 
 
 the greater part of the time, claimed to be the 
 champion wrestler of the state. He engaged only 
 in contests for money. Several thousand dollars 
 were sometimes wagered on him. 
 
 Foot races were common among the boys and 
 young men, of all classes. The famous runners, of 
 Cherry Valley, in the 'twenties, were Joseph White 
 and John K. Diell. The latter will be remembered 
 by residents of this town twenty-five years ago, as an 
 active old man of over eighty. He was the fastest 
 runner in this part of the country, but being a 
 trainer and semi-professional, he was barred out of 
 most of the races, Sims, in his "Frontiersmen,'' 
 gives the following account of a foot-race, in which 
 much interest was taken in Cherry Valley. 
 
 "The most important foot-race that ever took place 
 in the Mohawk Valley, occurred at Canajoharie in 
 August, 1824, between Joseph White of Cherry 
 Valley and David Spraker of Palatine. They were 
 both young men from the best families in the com- 
 munity and had just graduated from Union College. 
 The stakes were $1,000, and the course ten rods. — 
 The race was won by Spraker by three feet. Had 
 they run twice as far it was conceded that White 
 would have been the winner. Spraker was trained 
 by John K. Diell, then a school teacher in Sharon." 
 
 Hunting was a favorite pastime. The woods were 
 full of small game, and deer were numerous up to 
 the beginning of the second quarter of the Century. 
 Bears, which had been numerous in the earlier days. 
 
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HISTORY OF CHEERY VALLEY. 75 
 
 had been either all killed or driven to seek more 
 wild retreats. Beardsley speaks of having himself 
 shot the last bear killed in this town. Evidently 
 about 1818, although he does not give the exact date. 
 
 As early as 1804 a Hunting Club was organized. 
 The Club met once a year, — usually the day before 
 Christmas. The day was spent in hunting, and at 
 night the sportsmen met at Walton's, or Story's, 
 tavern and counted their spoils. The member hav- 
 ing scored the greatest number of points was award- 
 ed a prize. The remainder of the night, and usually 
 the greater part of Christmas day, was spent in cele- 
 brating the success of the "Hunt." All of the men 
 who were prominent in the history of the town at 
 this time were either active or honorary members of 
 this Club. The honorary members engaged only in 
 the festivities. The Club, in later years, was called 
 •'The Fox-hunters Club," and a record was kept, by 
 each member, of the game shot by himself during 
 the year. 
 
 Trout were the only fish in the brooks. According 
 to tradition they grew to enormous size and were too 
 plenty to be considered a very great delicacy. Many 
 of the prominent men of the State were accustomed 
 to make visits, of various length, at Cherry Valley to 
 enjoy the hunting, fishing and hospitalities of the 
 place— and incidently to discuss politics with Judges 
 Hammond, Morse, Levi Beardsley and Alvan Stewart, 
 then among the political leaders of the state. 
 
 Horse races were held twice a year, near the old 
 
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76 HISTOEY OP CHEEKY VALLEY. 
 
 Lewis place, on the road to Ft. Plain and Canajoharie. 
 The Maple Sugar season was not only a time of 
 money making but of pleasure as well. Nearly all the 
 sugar consumed in the country up to 1825 was home- 
 made, and a large amount was also sent to Albany 
 and New York. Col. Samuel Campbell was the 
 largest sugar maker in this part of the country in 
 the earlier years of the Century, employing from ten 
 to fifteen men regularly during the sap season. His 
 "bush" extended from the upper end of the village 
 to the present Moore farm, a distance of over a mile. 
 Most of the boiling down was done in the open air, 
 although some of the larger "bushes" had sugar huts, 
 as much for the pleasure of sugar parties as for the 
 convenience of the boilers. Pleasure parties were 
 frequently formed, by the men of the village, and 
 sometimes several days were spent by them in the 
 sugar bushes; provision and drinkables, especially 
 the latter, being taken with them. The days were 
 spent in hunting and sleeping and the nights in drink- 
 ing and story-telling. A species of forerunner of the 
 modern "camping-out" custom. 
 
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HISTORY OF CHEERY VALLEY. 77 
 
 CHAPTER XIV. 
 
 INCORPORATION OF THE VILLAGE. EARLY (iOVERN- 
 MENT, ORDINANCES, ETC. 
 
 On the 8th of June, 1812, an Act was passed by 
 the Legislature regularly incorporating the village 
 of Cherry Valley and on September 4th, of the same 
 year, the first village election was held. William 
 Campbell, Oliver Judd, Peter Magher, Jabez D. 
 Hammond and Jonathan Hall were elected the first 
 Trustees of the village. At a subsequent meeting of 
 the Board of Trustees, Peter Magher was elected 
 President and Levi Beardsley, Clerk. Jonathan 
 Rudd was appointed Treasurer; Levi Beardsley, At- 
 torney, and Horace Ripley, Overseer of Highways. 
 Two of the trustees were appointed Fire Wardens, 
 and were instructed to examine all fire-places, chim- 
 neys and stove pipe, in the village, with power to 
 condemn same if defective. Resolutions were also 
 passed requiring "each owner, or occupant, of a store, 
 house, or shop, to keep at least two fire buckets, 
 marked with the name of the owner, in a conspicu- 
 ous place." At the second Annual Meeting of the 
 Village, held on the 11th day of May, 1813, it was 
 
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78 HISTORY OF CHERRY VALLEY. 
 
 voted to raise One Hundred dollars for the purpose 
 of repairing the roads and walks, and One Hundred 
 dollars for the purpose of "Organizing a Fire Com- 
 pany." The following year a further sum of One 
 Hundred and Fifty dollars was voted for the express 
 purpose of purchasing a Fire Engine. Fire hooks 
 and ladders were also ordered to be purchased. It 
 was also "Resolved, that the Treasurer be directed 
 to loan the money now in his hands, at the lawful 
 interest, on good securities, until called for by the 
 
 Trustees of said Village." 
 
 In November, 1814, the supply of silver and copper 
 
 coins had become so scarce that Bills or Notes were 
 issued by the Village to the amount of $500. These 
 Bills were in denominations of let, Sets, Gets, 12^cts 
 and 25 cents, and were payable in current Bank Bills, 
 at the office of the President of the village. A 
 month later Bills of twenty-five and fifty cents were 
 issued to the amount of One Thousand dollars. — 
 Several business men also issued small Bills at this 
 time. Two years later the Trustees passed a Res- 
 olution prohibiting the issuing of small Bills. 
 
 In August, 1818, the first regular Fire Company 
 was organized. It was composed of 20 members.— 
 George Farley was Captain; Illustrious Remington, 
 Engineer, and Chester Judd Secretary. 
 
 Among the early ordinances was one making any 
 person, or persons, "encouraging dog-fighting in the 
 streets," punishable by a fine of not less than $5. — 
 Another prohibited the blowing of horns or beating 
 
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HISTORY OF CHEREY VALLEY. 19 
 
 of drums in the street, without a permit from the 
 Trustees. Anyone leaving wood or boxes on the side- 
 walk was liable to a fine of one dollar. 
 
 The following facts are given for their local inter- 
 est: Church street was opened in 1816. The several 
 streets in the village were named in 1818. There 
 lias been no change in the names since. A street 
 was opened, in 1821, between Main and Lancaster 
 streets. It was called "Rock Street." It is now 
 known as "Wall street." Hay Scales were erected by 
 the Village in 1818. They stood in front of the 
 Bank. In 1820 the first Reservoir was built. It 
 was "in the center of the village," wherever that may 
 have been. We are told that it was directly back of 
 the Hay Scales. It is somewhat singular that, in 
 1820, Levi Beardsley was appointed Overseer of 
 Highways. He was even at that time a man of 
 prominence and wealth. Two attributes we do not 
 now expect Village Highway Commissioners to 
 
 possess. 
 
 The advance that the Village has made in the past 
 
 eighty years is shown by the fact that the average 
 expense of running the village from 1815 to 1825 
 was a little less than $100 a year. It is now some- 
 what over $2000 a year, although the village is a 
 trifle smaller than it was then, (in population), and 
 its business interests are vastly inferior in im- 
 portance and numbers. At every village election, 
 for many years, an attempt was made to increase the 
 usual appropriation of $100 but it was invariably 
 voted down. 
 
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80 HISTORY OF CHEEBY VALLEY. 
 
 The most remarkable fact, connected with the vil- 
 lage government, was the character of the men who 
 held village offices during the first thirty years of 
 its legal existance. Thus at one time we find Dr. 
 Wm. Campbell, LL. D., Jabez D. Hammond, LL. 
 D., both, afterwards, members of the Board of 
 Regents, and Levi Beardsley, afterwards. President 
 of the State Senate, among the Village Trustees. It 
 is safe to say no village in the country ever had a 
 trio of equal ability on its Board of Trustees. And 
 this Board can scarcely be called an exception to the 
 rule. Nearly every Board contained men of ex- 
 ceptional ability and of extended reputation. 
 
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HISTORY OF CHERRY VALLEY. 81 
 
 CHAPTEE XV. 
 
 FROM 1815 TO 1825. 
 In 1815 Cherry Valley had reached its greatest 
 relative importance. It continued to grow in wealth 
 and size, but its growth, in the latter respect especial- 
 ly, was slow and it was soon left far behind by the 
 now rapidly growing villages of Syracuse, Roches- 
 ter, Buffalo, and many others. The great ability and 
 reputation of many of its citizens continued to give 
 it, for many years, a prominence far greater than 
 that of many places greatly exceeding it in popula- 
 tion. The rapid growth of the country to the west 
 also added to the business and wealth of the place, 
 as the greater part of the travel, to and from that 
 section, passed through it. How great this traffic 
 was, is shown by the fact that, at this time, there 
 were 62 Taverns between Albany and Cherry Val- 
 Valley, — a distance of 52 miles. That this place 
 must have benefitted enormously from, and been a 
 great centre for, this trade, is clearly indicated by 
 the fact that there were fifteen Taverns and ten re- 
 tail liquor stores in the town. In addition to these 
 there were four distilleries — on the present Thomas 
 
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82 HISTORY OF CHERRY VALLEY. 
 
 Wikoff farm, at Flint's, on East Hill and at Salt 
 Springville, — and one brewery; the latter being also 
 on the Wikoff farm. There were eight blacksmith 
 shops, giving employment to from four to eight 
 men each, and at one time 110 stage horses were 
 kept in the village. In addition to the through stage 
 lines from Albany and the New England States to 
 Syracuse, Rochester, Buffalo and the West, local 
 stage lines connected Cherry Valley with Albany, 
 Schenectady, Catskill, Oanajoharie, Burlington, 
 Monticello, the Worcester towns, Cooperstown and 
 Utica. Stages were usually drawn by six horses, 
 though eight, and even ten, horses were used at times. 
 Regular freight transportation lines were also run 
 between Albany and Buffalo. Huge wagons capable 
 of drawing from three to four tons, drawn by seven 
 horses, were used on these lines. They moved slow- 
 ly, the journey from Albany to Buffalo often taking 
 two weeks. These wagons had tires six inches wide 
 and were allowed to pass through the numerous toll- 
 gates free of charge, owing to the fact that their wide 
 tires were of great benefit to the roads by filling in 
 the ruts made by ordinary wagons. This enormous 
 traffic caused a great demand for horses and the price 
 of those animals, which had been from twenty-five 
 to thirty dollars, in 1800, had risen to from seventy- 
 five to one hundred and fifty dollars by 1820. Much 
 above the price which ordinary horses now command 
 in this section. It is said that the first horse in this 
 part of the country which sold for an equivalent of 
 
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HISTORY OP CHEREY VALLEY. 83 
 
 over a hundred dollars, was an unusually fine one 
 belonging to John Wilson. He sold it, about 1809, 
 to Thomas Shankland of Cooperstown ; receiving in 
 return twenty thousand feet of pine lumber. A 
 great "bee" was held and the lumber was drawn from 
 Shankland's mill, below Cooperstown, in one day. 
 
 In 1818 the Central Bank was chartered and 
 began operations on Tuesday, Oct, 8. It was, we 
 believe, the first Bank in the State west of Albany, 
 with the exception of one started the year previous, 
 at Schenectady, and was for twenty years the most 
 powerful financial institution in Central New York. 
 It was frequently asserted that its great influence 
 was used to prevent the chartering of other country 
 Banks by the Legislature. The idea of a country 
 Bank controlling the Legislature, in this age, would 
 seem little short of ridiculous. But the fact that 
 Beardsley, who was, at the same time. President of 
 the Bank, and President of the State Senate, 
 takes pains, in his "Reminiscences," to explain his 
 position on the subject of country Banks, leads to 
 the inference that there may have been some foun- 
 dation for the accusation; more especially as the 
 Bank was represented in the Legislature for many 
 years, and numbered among its Directors and Stock- 
 holders some of the most powerful men in the State. 
 The first President of the Bank was Dr. Joseph 
 White; the Cashier being Abraham M. Schemerhorn. 
 The latter afterwards moved to Eochester and was 
 for many years the leading financier of Western New 
 
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84 HISTOEY OF CHEREY VALLEY. 
 
 York. The Directors were: Joseph White, David 
 Little, Elias Brainun, Jabez D. Hammond, Barnabas 
 Eldredge, Levi Beardsley, James O. Morse, William 
 Campbell, Delos White, Peter Magher, William 
 Beekman, Henry Brown and Isaac Seelye. Several 
 of these men were residents of neighboring towns. — 
 In 1819 nearly all of the country Banks in the State 
 failed, or temporarily suspended; the Central, how- 
 ever, weathered the financial storm without trouble, 
 although the Directors deemed it advisable to per- 
 sonally guarantee the redemption of its notes. The 
 Bank since its organization has had but six Presi- 
 dents, viz: Dr. Joseph White, Dr. David Little, 
 Senator Levi Beardsley, Senator David H. Little, 
 Horatio J. Olcott and Wm. H. Baldwin. 
 
 The same year (1818) the Cherry Valley Gazette 
 was started by L. and B. Todd. Two papers had 
 previously been established here — the Otsego Re- 
 publican, in 1812, and the Watchtower, in 1813. — 
 The latter was removed to Cooperstown in 1814. — 
 How long the former was published we have no 
 means of knowing. With the exception of a short 
 break in the later sixties, the Gazette has been pub- 
 lished down to the present time. 
 
 On Monday, Dec. 7, 1818, a lime kiln, belonging 
 to David Hamilton, gave way and instantly killed 
 his son, John Hamilton, aged 14 years. This was 
 the first fatal accident known to have occurred in the 
 town. 
 
 There were at this time four companies of infantry 
 
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HISTORY OF CHEERY VALLEY. 85 
 
 in Cherry Valley, composing the greater part of the 
 112th Regiment, which had its head-quarters here. 
 There were also three companies of artillery. Of the 
 higher officers in the Militia, Levi Beardsley was 
 Judge Advocate and Delos White, Hospital Surgeon 
 of the 16th Division of Infantry; Abraham M. 
 Schemerhorn was Paymaster of the 2nd Brigade and 
 Major Lester Holt was Inspector. In this year 
 (1818) there were 4000 Militia in Otsego county, 
 divided into seven Regiments. The head-quarters 
 of the several Regiments were as follows: The 112th 
 at Story's Tavern in Cherry Valley ; 7th at Todd's, in 
 Worcester; 2nd at Munn's, in Cooperstown; 60th at 
 Craft's, in Laurens; 125th at Danielson's in Butter- 
 nuts; 54th at Sheldon's, in Burlington; 135th at 
 Loomis', in Richfield. In this year of our Lord, 
 1898, one lonely company, of less than 100 men, con- 
 stitutes the Militray force of Otsego county. 
 
 The population of the county was about the samt' 
 as now. The country, outside of the villages, was ■ 
 much more thickly settled than it now is. The in- 
 crease in the prices of farm products, in the eighteen 
 years since the Century opened, was remarkable, and 
 it is somewhat singular that prices for them were 
 practically the same as at the present time. Butter 
 was worth 18cts a pound and cheese lOcts. Cows 
 sold for from $25 to $35; and farm horses were worth 
 about $60. The estimated amount of woolen and 
 linen cloth made in families was 456,156 yards. Now 
 iior.e is made. The shipment of pine lumber was 
 
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86 HISTORY OF CHERRY VALLEY. 
 
 then an important industry. Much wheat was als:> 
 
 shipped. Both are now imported in large quantities. 
 
 In 1819 the "Bachelor's Club" was formed. It 
 was originally started as a debating Society, but 
 gradually took bu a more social form and finally be- 
 came the leading social organization in this section. 
 Its parties were attended by the young people of the 
 neighboring towns, whose social position was con- 
 sidered sufficiently high to entitle them to recogni- 
 tion, and were, what would now be termed very 
 "swell" afPairs. The Cl'ib continued in existence 
 about ten years. It was composed largely of law 
 and medical students, of whom there were many in 
 the offices of the famous lawyers and doctors then 
 resident here, and of the older students in the 
 Academy. 
 
 In this year numerous meetings were held, through- 
 out the country, to protest against the extravagance 
 in the management of public affairs, especially in 
 the payment of high salaries to officials. A meeting 
 was held at the "Bank Coffee House," on July 31, 
 1819, at which Alfred Crafts presided, and Alvan 
 Stewart acted as Secretary. The following Com- 
 mittee was appointed to draw up and circulate a 
 petition to the Legislature demanding a reduction 
 in the expenses of the State government, viz: Peter 
 Magher, James S. Campbell, Delos "White, James 
 Brackett, Oliver Judd, Levi Beardsley, James O. 
 Morse. In that year the total amount raised for 
 taxes of all kinds, — village, school, town, county and 
 
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HISTOEY OF CHEEEY VALLEY. 87 
 
 state, — in the town of Cherry Valley, (then includ- 
 ing Roseboom) was $1247.38. About $17,000 a year 
 is now raised by tax, in this town, although it has 
 declined in wealth, size, population and importance, 
 since 1819. 
 
 In 1823 an attempt was made to form a new coun- 
 ty, of which Cherry Valley was to be the "county 
 seat," to be composed of the towns of Cherry Valley, 
 Springfield, Middlefield, Westford, Dscatur, Mary- 
 land and Worcester, in Otsego county; the town of 
 Sharon in Schoharie county, and Canajoharie and 
 Minden, in Montgomery county. The ill feeling 
 which had existed between. Cherry Valley and Coop- 
 erstown, since the formation of Otsego county, was 
 the indirect cause of the attempt to form a new 
 county. There was a strong sentiment in favor of 
 the project in most of the towns, but the men in 
 Cherry Valley, who had the greatest influence refused 
 to take an active part in the matter, doubtless from 
 political motives, and the Legislature declined tu 
 erect the new county. 
 
 It was customary, after the establishment of a 
 newspaper here, to publish a list of the letters lying 
 uncalled for in the Cherry Valley post-office, — as is 
 now done in many of the larger town and cities. — 
 The lists published by J. B. Walton, P. M., in 1818, 
 and Oliver Judd, P. M., in 1824, give the names of 
 from a hundred to a hundred and thirty persons, for 
 v?hom letters were lying "uncalled for." Showing 
 that this office must have been of considerable im- 
 
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88 HISTORY OF CHEEKY VALLEY. 
 
 portance, and that it must have furnished postal 
 facilities for a large territory. 
 
 Every business carried on in Cherry Valley in 
 1898, was represented here in 1820; including Mar- 
 ble Works, Cabinet Shop, Iron Foundry, Bookstore, 
 Drug Store, Millinery Shop, Dentists, etc. Estab- 
 lishments we should not expect to have found in any 
 but the very largest places, at that time. Among 
 the industries, not here now, were Tanneries, Dis- 
 tilleries, Hat Factories, Last Factories, Truss Works, 
 a Brass Foundry, etc. Some of these were small 
 affairs. 
 
 On the 12th of September, 1824, died Col. Samuel 
 Campbell, the last survivor of the original settlers 
 of Cherry Valley, at the age of eighty-six years and 
 four months. Few men have ever passed through a 
 more eventful life than Col. Campbell. Coming, as 
 a child, to this, then, wilderness, he had seen it 
 grow into the most prominent and flourishing set- 
 tlement west of Schenectady; only to be completely 
 destroyed by the Indian and tory hordes. Return- 
 ing to the valley, once more a wilderness, he had 
 watched it grow into the most important and influen- 
 tial village west of the Hudson. As a youth he had 
 numbered among his playmates the wild and unciv- 
 ilized Indian youth, and as a man among his friends 
 Washington, the Clintons, and most of the great 
 men of the post-Revolutionary period. He may be 
 said, literally, to have lived in Colonial, Revolution- 
 ary and modern times, and to have been a companion 
 
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HISTORY OF CHERRY VALLEY. 89 
 
 and associate of representatives of the wildest and 
 most bloodthirsty races of red men that have peo- 
 pled America, and of the most cultured generations of 
 Anglo-Americans, — for whatever may have been the 
 advance in the various branches of learning, and 
 the improvement in the arts and sciences, no later 
 generation has equalled the higher classes of the 
 post-Revolutionary period in true culture and refine- 
 ment. 
 
 In the same year (May 31, 1824,) died Mrs. Cath- 
 erine Clyde, widow of Col. Samuel Clyde, whose es- 
 cape, with seven small children, at the time of the 
 Massacre, is recorded in a previous chapter. The 
 early records show her to have been a very superior 
 woman — a true type of the American woman of the 
 Revolution. 
 
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90 HISTORY OF CHEERY VALLEY. 
 
 CHAPTER XVI. 
 
 THE MEN WHO MADE CHERRY VALLEY FAMOUS. 
 
 The opening of the Erie Canal, in 1825, was a 
 serious blow to Cherry Valley. Prior to this the 
 great bulk of the travel and. traffic from the New 
 England States to the west, passed through Cherry 
 Valley and paid heavy tribute to it as one of the 
 leading commercial centers on the route. The great- 
 er part of this trade was henceforth lost to it, although 
 emigrant trains continued, for some years after, to 
 roll through the village, on their way to the great 
 west. The growth of the country, south of the 
 canal, helped, in a measure, to offset the loss caused 
 by the diversion of the general traffic to the Valley of 
 the Mohawk, but the almost continuous line of stage 
 coaches, which contributed the most liberally to the 
 business of the place, no longer passed through its 
 portals, and the literally unending caravan of horses, 
 wagons, sheep and cattle, dwindled into a broken 
 succession of teams and droves. 
 
 It was at this time, however, the home of many 
 men of great ability, and extended reputation, 
 and these gave it, for many years, a reputation great- 
 
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HISTOKY OF CHEEKY VALLEY. 91 
 
 er than any other place in the State, outside of the 
 larger cities. Especially was this true of its lawyers. 
 Among these were Jabez D. Hammond, Alvin Stew- 
 art, James O. Morse, James Brackett, Levi Beards- 
 ley and Isaac Seelye. The history of this country, 
 and probably of the whole world, presents no other 
 case in which a village of less than a thousand peo- 
 ple has possessed, at one time, so great an array of 
 legal talent, in active and successful practice. How 
 extensive the prastice of these men must have been, 
 is shown from the fact that, coming here as poor 
 young men in the early part of the Century, (Seelye 
 1797, the others from 1802 to 1810), they had, in a 
 country where money was scarce, all, with the ex- 
 ception of Brackett whose jovial habits prevented, 
 become wealthy men by 1825. At this time these 
 five were considered among the rich men in Central 
 New York. 
 
 Jabez D. Hammond, LL. D., was at various times 
 State Senator and a Member of the Council of Ap- 
 pointment, Congressman, a Member of the Board of 
 Regents, Commissioner for the State in the settle- 
 ment of claims against the National Government and 
 for the laying out of State Roads. He also held 
 many minor offices such as Member of Assembly, 
 County Judge and County Superintendent of Schools. 
 His "Political History of the State of New York," 
 was one of the famous books of his day and gave 
 him considerable literary prominence, both at home 
 and abroad, which was increased by his "Life and 
 
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92 HISTORY OF CHERBY VALLEY. 
 
 Times of Silas Wright." Both works showing- 
 marked literary ability, much research and an inti- 
 mate knowledge of, and acquaintance with, public 
 men. Beardsley says of him: "As a Member of Con- 
 gress and State Senator, and in short in all his 
 official relations, which have been many, he has ac- 
 quitted himself with distinguished tact and ability. 
 Few men in the State have been more shrewd and 
 adroit politicians than Judge Hammond. His sug- 
 gestions, in reference to public policy, and his 
 influences have frequently extended to remote parts 
 of the state, though the mover was not publicly 
 visible, as the suggestor. Devoted to Gov. Clinton 
 and one of his principal advisors for many years, he 
 probably contributed as much as any one in the state, 
 in sustaining the fortune and ascendancy of that 
 truly great man." 
 
 Alvan Stewart, became one of the most celebrated 
 and widely known of this sextette, and was said to 
 be one of the most effective men before a jury, the 
 State has ever known. His drolleries and satires of 
 wit were irresistable and always carried a jury. — 
 Lincoln was an exact prototype in manner and wit 
 but he lacked Stewart's culture and education. It 
 was characteristic of him that when he came to 
 Cherry Valley, not having a penny in his pocket, he 
 made a bargain with the stage driver to amuse him 
 with stories enough to pay for the ride. He com. 
 menced life by teaching in the Academy, at the same 
 time studying law. He accumulated a very hand- 
 
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HISTORY OF CHEERY VALLEY. yj) 
 
 some fortune in his profession. As a politician he 
 was a failure; always managing to enlist on the 
 weaker and unsuccessful side. He was a candidate 
 for Governor in 1842 and again in 1844. 
 
 James O. Morse was the most scholarly of this line 
 of great lawyers. His tastes were literary and he 
 was a frequent contributor to the leading periodicals 
 of the day. Through his pen he exerted a wide in- 
 fluence on the politics of the state. His acquaint- 
 ance with the leading men of the country was very 
 large, and he entertained many of them at his 
 hospitable mansion in this village. He was Presi- 
 dent of the Central Deaf and Dumb Asylum and held 
 the office of County Judge, then a position of consid- 
 erable importance. (Prior to the revision of the Judi- 
 cial Department by the Constitutional Convention 
 of 1846). He was a wealthy man and contributed 
 very liberally to the support of Colleges, Academies, 
 and religious and charitable institutions. Beardsley 
 says of him : "In many respects he had few superiors 
 in the state;" and in speaking of his death adds, "few 
 men have died in Otsego County, whose death was a 
 greater calamity to the community, than that of 
 James O. Morse." 
 
 Isaac Seelye was the superior of any of his com- 
 peers in legal knowledge and it is questionable 
 whether he had an equal, during his lifetime, in 
 Central New York, in this respect. He .was often 
 spoken of as the "country law library." He early 
 amassed a handsome fortune, from his extensive 
 
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94 HISTORY OP CHERRY VALLEY, 
 
 practice, and during his later years mainly confined 
 himself to office business. The Otsego County 
 History says of him: "He was one of the ablest and 
 most forcible exponents of the law the county has 
 ever had." 
 
 James Brackett, was a graduate of Dartmouth 
 College, a brilliant scholar, a learned lawyer, and, 
 perhaps unfortunately for himself, a very jovial 
 gentlemen. His love of sports and pleasure led him 
 to avoid the worries and frets of politics, and the 
 only political office held by him was that of Surro- 
 gate of Otsego county. His ability was, however, so 
 marked that he has passed down to posterity a re- 
 putation as great as that of his more prominent 
 compeers. He died possessed of a comfortable com- 
 petence. 
 
 Levi Beardsley, LL. D., was not only a distinguish- 
 ed lawyer, a politician of National importance and a 
 prominent and able financier, but he was also pos- 
 sessed of considerable literary ability; his "Reminis- 
 cinceri" being one of the most ably written books of 
 its kind. He was State Senator from 1830 to 1838, 
 and was President of the Senate during the latter 
 part of that period. He was also a Member of Assem- 
 bly, President of the Central Bank, then the leading 
 financial institution of Central New York, President 
 of the Oswego Bank, and a State Director of the 
 Farmers' Loan and Insurance Company, of New 
 York, — the largest financial concern in the State, 
 having a capital stock of $2,000,000. His large for- 
 
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HISTOEY OF CHEEKY VALLEY. 95 
 
 tune was swept away in the panic of 1837. 
 
 The other lawyers in active practice in Cherry 
 Valley at this time were Geo. Clyde and Horace 
 Lathrop — both men of very respectable ability. — 
 The former was County Clerk of Otsego County 
 1834-7, and later Judge of Columbia County, and 
 also a delegate to the Constitutional Convention of 
 1846, from that county. Lathrop was County Clerk 
 from 1831 to 1834. 
 
 The members of the Medical profession, though 
 fewer in number, were no less prominent than the 
 legal fraternity. Of these the most distinguished 
 was Doct. Joseph White, who was»not only the lead- 
 ing surgeon of the State, but whose general practice 
 covered a greater extent of territory than that of aiiy 
 other reputable physician in the State, before or 
 since. He was President of Fairfield Medical Col- 
 lege, President of the New York State Medical So- 
 ciety, and the first President of the Otsego County 
 Medical Society. Nor was it in Medicine alone that 
 he was prominent, but in social, political and busi- 
 ness life as well. Although he had no legal train- 
 ing, he was, for 23 years, First Judge of Otsego 
 County. He was also, for several years. State Sen- 
 ator and a member of the powerful Council of Ap- 
 pointment. He was the first President of the 
 Central Bank and, indeed, was prominent in all the 
 leading affairs of Central and Western New York.— 
 His vigorous and versatile intellect seemed to fit him 
 for every position to which he was called. All in all, 
 
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96 HISTORY OF CHEERY VALLEY, 
 
 he was unquestionably one of the greatest men the 
 State has produced. Beardsley, whom we quote 
 frequently, as the best authority, says, in speaking of 
 him: "As an operator in Surgery he was highly 
 distinguished, and for many years justly regarded as 
 standing at the head of his profession. * * * In his 
 politics he was a high-toned federalist, and exercised 
 much authority and influence with his party, to 
 which, from his position and standing in society, he 
 was justly entitled." Hammond's Political History 
 states that Dr. White's influence was so great with 
 the Council of Appointment, that he was able to 
 secure the appointment of Major Daniel Hall, of 
 Albany, to the vacant office of Secretary of State, 
 despite the strong opposition of Gov. Jay. (1799), 
 The following extract from the Biography of Dr. 
 Joseph White in "Williams' Memoirs of Eminent 
 Physicians," (1840), is interesting as showing the 
 great change that has taken place in the habits and 
 means of conveyance of doctors, since the early part 
 of the Century: "He filled a large space in his pro- 
 fession and his calls and rides extended from Albany 
 to Buffalo, about three hundred and fifty miles. — 
 His mode of traveling was on horseback. Few men 
 could endure so great a measure of fatigue from this 
 method of traveling. He at one time rode from Al- 
 bany to his place of residence in Cherry Valley, 
 fifty-three miles, without stopping. At another 
 time he rode from Buffalo to Batavia, forty miles, 
 before taking his breakfast." 
 
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HISTORY OF CHERRY VALLEY. 97 
 
 Dr. Delos White, although his life was cut short 
 before he had reached the age when men usually 
 attain their greatest prominence, enjoyed a reputa- 
 tion for ability, in surgery especially, little inferior 
 to that of his famous parent. Beardsley says of him : 
 "Dr. Delos White, had for several years before the 
 death of his father, acquired a reputation in his pro- 
 fession of nearly equal celebrity. He too had bsen 
 at the head of one of the departments (anatomy) in 
 the medical college, already mentioned, and on the 
 decease of his senior was looked upon as almost the 
 only man who could fill the place of his deceased but 
 distinguished ancestor, whom he survived but a few 
 years, having died in 1835." An old Ledger, of 
 Delos White's, shows an extent of practice both as 
 regards territory and remuneration, which would 
 seem almost incredeble to a country practioner in 
 these days. 
 
 Dr. Menzo White, whose active practice began 
 prior to 1830 and extended into the present half of 
 the Century, enjoyed a reputation with the medical 
 fraternity, of Central New York, nearly equal to that 
 of his distinguished father. His practice extended 
 over a radius of a hundred miles and was only con- 
 fined by his inability to attend to his calls from be- 
 yond these limits. He always had from six to ten 
 medical students in his office; young men who had 
 graduated from colleges or other institutions and 
 came to him to take a post-graduate course. Prac- 
 ticing physicians from all parts ot Central New York 
 
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98 HISTORY OF CHERRY VALLEY. 
 
 came to watch him perform surgical operations. It 
 was no uiicommoa sight to see him start out to per- 
 form an operation, at some distant point, accomp?ui- 
 ied by six or eight students and as many doc- 
 tors — all on horseback. His office days were always 
 known in the village by the concourse of people 
 that gathered to consult him. 
 
 Dr. Wm. Campbell, LL. D., a very learned man 
 in many branches of science and literature, although 
 enjoying a very respectable practice, was more 
 celebrated as a Civil Engineer and Surveyor than as 
 a physician. He surveyed several of the State Roads, 
 including the Second Great Western Turnpike, of 
 which he was for many years one of the Directors. 
 It was through his influence that this road came 
 through Cherry Valley. He was Surveyor-General 
 (now State Engineer and Surveyor) of the State; a 
 member of the Board of Regents; a life Trustee of 
 Union College, and held various minor offices. 
 
 Among the most prominent men, during this 
 period and for many years after, was Jacob Living- 
 ston, a member of the distinguished family of that 
 name, who had married the daughter of Dr. Joseph 
 White and settled here about 1830, where he spent 
 the remainder of his life; keeping up a very hand- 
 some establishment and living in a style previously 
 unknown in the town. He was a man of ability and, 
 though taking no active part, by reason of his posi- 
 tion exerted a very considerable influence on the 
 politics of this section. He was a National Elector 
 
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HISTORY OF CHEEKY VALLEY. 99 
 
 in 1840. The history of this branch of the White 
 family is sufficiently remarkable to be worthy of 
 mention, presenting as it does one of the very rare 
 instances — in this country where one generation 
 usually suffices to destroy the the reputation and 
 wealth acquired by the preceeding generation — of 
 the female line, by successive marriages, not only 
 keeping intact the wealth, and preserving the pres- 
 tige of a prominent family, but even greatly augment- 
 ing them. In 1793, Dr. Joseph White, already one 
 of the wealthiest men and a prominent social leader 
 in Central (then Western) New York, purchased the 
 handsome property now owned by his grand-daughter. 
 At his death it descended to his daughter, Mrs. Jacob 
 Livingston, and then to the latter's daughter, Mrs. 
 A. B. Cox; the family having, during the interven- 
 ing hundred and five years, continued the social 
 leaders of this section. It is now accounted one of 
 the wealthy families of the state, and is connected 
 by descent and marriage, with many of the oldest 
 and most prominent families in America. 
 
 Abraham Roseboom, a member of a family prom- 
 inent in mercantile circles in Fort Orange (later Al- 
 bany) for 150 years previous, moved to Cherry Val- 
 ley and settled, in 1806, on the farm now owned by 
 A. H. Koseboom. He was a wealthy man and his 
 property was largely increased by early investments 
 in the Mohawk & Schenectady and the Utica & 
 Schenectady railroads, and, after their consolidation, 
 in the New York Central. He was an influential 
 
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100 HISTORY OF CHEKBY VALLEY. 
 
 man in the town. It is an interesting fact that the 
 farm, now owned by his grand-son, was a part of the 
 original Patent granted, in 1688, to Jacob Roseboom 
 and others. 
 
 Joseph Clyde, son of Col. Samuel Clyde of Revo- 
 lutionary fame, was prominent in political affairs 
 and occupied an excellent social position. He was 
 a Member of the Constitutional Convention of 1821, 
 and a Member of Assembly in 1828. 
 
 The Rev. Eli F. Cooley, LL. D., during this time, 
 Ijastor of the Presbyterian Church, was a man of dis- 
 tinguished ability and scholarship, and added, by his 
 reputation for scholarly attainments, to the fame of 
 the place. (1810-20.) 
 
 Rev. John Truir followed the Rev. Dr. Cooley as 
 pastor of the Presbyterian Church. The History of 
 the Presbyterian Church speaks of him as "an edu- 
 cated man, talented and full of vim; of excessive 
 activity, of great and persuasive powers as a speaker, 
 and so successful in bringing souls to Christ as to 
 merit comparison with preachers of the type of Mr. 
 Moody." 
 
 The Academy enjoyed great prosperity during 
 the early half of the Century, and added greatly 
 to the fame of Cherry Valley. Its Principals were, 
 of necessity, men of classical education, and several 
 of them were men of great learning. Of these the 
 most noted was Cogswell, a man of rare men- 
 tal attainments, who was the Principal between 
 1825 and 1835. 
 
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HISTORY OF CHEEEY VALLEY. 101 
 
 Among the famous merchants of the very early 
 part of the Century were Cullen & Livingston and 
 the Kanes — well-known names in New York com- 
 mercial circles. Gen. Watson Webb, who died re- 
 cently at the advanced age of 90 years, was a clerk 
 in the store of the former firm. The Kanes were 
 West India merchants and their intention was to 
 make Cherry Valley a distributing point for all the 
 country west. The location of these famous firms 
 in Cherry Valley was due to the attempt, very early 
 in the Century, to make the city of Hudson the port 
 of entry for foreign goods, instead of New York. — 
 Among the locally noted merchants, who started 
 in business here previous to 1818, were A. W. & H, 
 Flint, Peter Magher, F. & P. May, and a little later 
 Alfred Crafts and Robert Dunlap. The stores run 
 by these men were to a great section of territory, es- 
 pecially to the west, what the huge Department 
 Stores of New York are to the state to-day. 
 
 In the mechanical arts were several men whose 
 exceptional skill gave them as great a reputation in 
 this line as was enjoyed by any of the professional 
 men. Notably among these was Edward Prescott, a 
 famous clock-maker of his day, whose clocks, made 
 entirely by hand and largely of wood, are still to be 
 found in various parts of the country. They are 
 much prized and when sold command high prices. 
 Prescott mainly made clock "works", which were 
 sold to New York clock-makers and by them encased. 
 Harry Smith was noted as a skilled Silversmith. He 
 
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102 HISTORY OF CHEERY VALLEY, 
 
 was also a Truss Manufacturer on quite a large scale 
 for those days. He bought the first Steam Engine 
 ever seen in this town, for use in his Foundry, which 
 stood back of the present Pearson Block. A silver 
 truss made by Mr. Smith for the Marshs', of New 
 York, for exhibition at the Crystal Palace Celebra- 
 tion, is said to have been the finest piece of work- 
 manship shown at that exhibition. John K. Forester, 
 came to this country originally to build the mantles, 
 fire-places and other marble work in "Hyde Hall", 
 in Springfield; at the time it was built the most splen- 
 did and costly mansion in the country, and on the 
 interior of which only the most skilled workmen 
 were employed. Forester settled in Cherry Valley 
 and built up a very extensive marble business. The 
 marble was dug out of the knoll back of the present 
 John Skinnion house and when polished made a very 
 handsome stone. It was known throughout the 
 State as "Cherry Valley marble." He had a shed, 
 for polishing the marble, near the present home of 
 Mrs. Burns, and another shed on the Norman Water- 
 house place in which he trimmed hearthstones, etc., 
 which were quarried on the same place. He also 
 had a mill in Livingston's Glen for sawing stone and 
 marble. He employed quite a number of excellent 
 workman and himself had the reputation of being 
 the finest workman in the country. Amasa Belknap 
 was for many years a famous gunsmith. His rifles 
 were much sought after in all parts of the country 
 and especially on the western frontier. He filled an 
 
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HISTOEY OF CHEERY VALLEY. 10J5 
 
 order, from Texas, for 1,500 rifles — then considered 
 a very large order — just previous to the Mexican 
 war. 
 
 Among the other institutions, which early con- 
 tributed to the prominence of Cherry Valley, were 
 Holts' Tannery, (started prior to 1800) a very exten- 
 sive concern for those days; North & Rudd's Brass 
 Foundry and Judd's Iron Foundry. The latter was 
 established by Oliver Judd, a very ingenious and 
 inventive Yankee, who came here from Connecticut, 
 in 1805, as a Blacksmith. He soon after started a 
 Foundry in the village, which was later moved to 
 Tekaharawa Falls, (now commonly called Judd's 
 Falls), on account of the water power. It was still 
 later removed again to the village and the Foundry 
 now owned and operated by John Judd was built. — 
 The Judds' were among the earliest manufacturers 
 of cast-iron plows, in the state, and their implements 
 gained a wide-spread reputation. Much of the vir- 
 gin soil of Western New York and Ohio was over- 
 turned with them. 
 
 The North & Eudd Brass Foundry was located on 
 the site now occupied by the Presbyterian Church 
 and occupied half a dozen one story buildings. A 
 large business was done in the manufacture of buck- 
 les, harness trimmings, saddle-irons, bells and various 
 brass articles. A number of wagons were kept on 
 the road, selling these goods, in this State and 
 Canada. 
 
 In the house, which, up to about twenty-five years 
 
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104 HISTORY OF CHEEKY VALLEY, 
 
 ago, when it was torn down, stood east of the Bank^ 
 were born in the early Century, two men, James 
 Lathrop and John May, who afterwards, by a singu- 
 lar coincidence, became famous circus Clowns. — 
 Both traveled extensively abroad and gained a great 
 reputation both in England and on the Continent. 
 
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HISTORY OP CHERRY VALLEY. 105 
 
 CHAPTER XVII. 
 
 1825 TO 1835. 
 
 The decade beginning with 1826, presents little of 
 interest, except as regards religious matters. 
 
 In 1828, the Methodist Episcopal Church was or- 
 ganized, by the Rev. Ephraim Hall, with 16 charter 
 members. Services were held in the Lancaster 
 school-house until 1835, when a Church building 
 was erected. The Church, in its existence of seventy 
 years, has had thirty-four ministers. Of these the 
 most noted was John P. Newman, now a Methodist 
 Bishop. Following is a list of the ministers who 
 have been stationed here, since the organization of 
 the Church: Ephraim Hall, James Kelsey, Isaac 
 Grant, Calvin Hawley, Lyman Sperry, Joseph Baker, 
 Leonard Bowdish, Lewis Anderson, Lyman A. Eddy, 
 H. Ereanbach, Rosman Ingalls, C Harvey, William 
 South worth, George Parsons, Barlow Gorham, John 
 M. Searles, John P. Newman, Moses L. Kern, L. D. 
 Pendell, H. S. Richardson, John T. Crippen, Joseph 
 Shank, John W. Mitchell, R. W. , Peebles, George 
 W. Foster, J. B. Sherar, Gordon Moore, Wesley F. 
 Tooke, M. G. Wadsworth, Lemuel B. Grey, Geo. H. 
 
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106 HISTORY OF CHERRY VALLEY. 
 
 VanVliet, S. W. Brown, H. B. Fritts, A. G, Mark- 
 ham. 
 
 In 1827-8 the frame Presbyterian Church erected 
 by the returning survivors of the Massacre was torn 
 down and to quote Swinnerton's History of the Pres- 
 byterian church, "a new building reared its hand- 
 some steeple to a height of a hundred feet. It was 
 in the classic style. In front was a portico with four 
 elegant Tuscan Pillars, above which rose the steeple, 
 story on story, to the summit, which was adorned 
 with a tinned ball and vane, the latter being the 
 same that surmonts the present spire." 
 
 From 1822 to 1829, services were held in Cherry 
 Valley, at stated intervals, by the Rev. Frederick T. 
 Tiffany, the Episcopal clergyman stationed at 
 Cooperstown. Whether the Episcopalians had a 
 regularly organized society here during this time is 
 not known; though in view of the fact that several 
 of the Vestry of the original church were still alive 
 it would seem probable that such was the case; 
 more especially as we find the Rev. Timothy Miner 
 stationed here in 1838 as the Rector of Trinity church 
 — the name of the original corporation. This matter 
 is interesting to Episcopalians as deciding the ques- 
 tion whether an Episcopalian organization has 
 legally existed since 1803, or only since the forma- 
 tion of the present corporation in 1846. 
 
 The Protestant Methodists established a church 
 here soon after 1830 and erected a church building 
 in 1835. The church never had a large regular 
 
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HISTORY OP CHERRY VALLEY. 107 
 
 membership, though it was a popular place of wor- 
 ship, with the younger classes, on Sunday evenings. 
 The church had an existence of only a few years. — 
 The minister was the Rev. John L. Ambler, a circuit 
 rider of this denomination. The former church 
 edifice was used as a barrack during the early part 
 of the civil war and is now a Cooper Shop. 
 
 The only murders which have ever occurred in 
 this town both took place in the year 1826. Neither 
 was premeditated. The first murder was on the 
 Western Turnpike about two miles from the village, 
 on the present Blumenstock farm. Philo Thompson, 
 a lad of about 16, in an altercation with his employer, 
 Samuel Campbell, struck the latter with a hoe, kill- 
 ing him instantly. Thompson was sentenced to 
 State Prison for seven years. A little later David 
 Darby, employed in the blacksmith shop of Smith 
 B. Reynold's, in the upper part of the village, also 
 killed his employer in a quarrel. Darby was sen- 
 tenced to be hung, but the sentence was commuted, 
 and he was finally discharged, after a brief imprison- 
 ment. Both murders were looked upon as, in a 
 measure, unintentional, and much sympathy was ex- 
 pressed tor all the parties. 
 
 In 1827, the locally famous "Cherry Valley Volun- 
 teers" were organized, with Jonathan Hall as Cap- 
 tain. The early militia companies were often un- 
 uniformed, and little regard was paid to size and ap- 
 pearance. The "Volunteers," or Capt. Hall's Com- 
 pany, as it was called, were, however, very carefully 
 
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108 HISTORY OF CHEERY VALLEY. 
 
 selected and dressed in grey coats, trimmed with 
 buff, generously besprinkled with .silver buttons, 
 white pants and high black hats, trimmed with silver 
 braid, with tall white plumes, having red tops, pre- 
 sented a very handsome appearance, and were the 
 center of attraction at all military and Fourth of 
 July celebrations in this section. The organization 
 was kept up for many years. The original officers, 
 — Jonathan Hall, captain; Edwin Judd, 1st lieuten- 
 ant, and Charles McLean, 2nd lieutenant, — continued 
 to hold their several positions until in the fifties, 
 when Edwin Judd was advanced to the captaincy. 
 
 Sometime during the thirties the Cherry Valley 
 Agricultural Society was organized and for a num- 
 ber of years Annual Fairs were held on the Academy 
 lot on the corner of Church and Montgomery streets. 
 The records have all been lost and we can learn 
 nothing regarding the officers of the association ex- 
 cept the bare fact that Levi Beardsley was president 
 of it in 1838. 
 
 A very unique arrangement existed with reference 
 to the postmastership during the thirties and forties. 
 William Mc Lean was a pronounced Whig in poli- 
 tics, while his son, Charles, was an equally strong 
 democrat. When the Whigs were in power the eld- 
 er McLean was postmaster. When the democrats 
 were victorious the office was turned over to the 
 younger McLean. The public suffered little incon- 
 venience from the change in the administration, 
 since the post-office always remained in the same 
 
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HISTORY OF CHEERY VALLEY. lOi) 
 
 place and the business of the office continued to be 
 attended to by the two McLeans, jointly. 
 
 In 1835 a Charter was obtained "for the building of 
 a railroad from a point on the Utica and Schenecta- 
 dy railroad, near Canajoharie, to Cherry Valley; 
 thence along the Cherry Valley creek and the 
 Susquehanna river to a junction with the Erie". 
 The difficulties in the way of grade were so great 
 that the project was abandoned. 
 
 This period was one of great financial prosperity 
 for the village, which continued, up to the panic of 
 '37, to be one of the wealthiest places in the State. 
 In an earlier chapter it was stated that, although, iu 
 1800, it was accounted the wealthiest place west of 
 Albany, it was doubtful if it contained a person 
 worth over ten thousand dollars. The great increase 
 in wealth, in the intervening thirty years, is shown 
 by the fact that, in 1880, there were a dozen men in 
 Cherry Valley worth upwards of fifty thousand dol- 
 lars, — a great fortune in those days. It is, of course, 
 impossible to determine the exact size of the for- 
 tunes of the wealthiest men birt the following will give 
 some idea: Dr. White at his death, in 1832, left an 
 estate valued at $100,000; Abraham Eoseboom, ac- 
 counted the wealthiest man in the town, was worth 
 somewhat in excess of that amount; Dr. David Lit- 
 tle, (lived in Springfield), president of the Central 
 Bank, and whose financial interests were in Cherry 
 Valley, was worth over $200,000; Levi Beardsley, in 
 1838, after he had' lost a portion of his property, 
 
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110 HISTORY OF CHERRY VALLEY, 
 
 valued his estate at $60,000; Alvin Stewart, Isaac 
 Seeley, Jabez Hammond, James O. Morse and Delos 
 White were worth about the same as Beardsley, as 
 was also Joseph Phelon, who came here in 1832; and 
 Jacob Livingston was worth considerably more. — 
 Howard Flint, Peter Magher, Robert Dunlap and 
 Alfred Crafts were wealthy merchants, but their for- 
 tunes fell far short of $50,000., with the possible 
 exception of Flint's. The panic of 1837 played sad 
 havoc with the wealth of nearly all of these men. — 
 Beardsley, Morse and Stewart lost heavily in western 
 lands, as in fact did nearly everyone, who had money 
 to invest, to a greater or less degree. (People now 
 speculate in Wall Street; then they speculated in 
 "western lands"). The mercantile panic nearly 
 ruined Magher, Dunlap and Crafts, and Flint went 
 west and lost his fortune speculating in "pork." 
 
 At this time skilled mechanics were paid from 
 seventy-five cents to a dollar a day and the wages of 
 common laborers was fifty cents. There are yet liv- 
 ing in the town several men who, as boys of from 
 fourteen to eighteen, were accustomed to drive cattle 
 to Albany and Catskill. They were paid twenty-five 
 cents a day while going and paid their own way back 
 — of course walking both ways. The cost of living 
 in 1835— at least for the necessaries of life — was ful- 
 ly as much as now. Loaf sugar cost 16c a pound 
 and common sugar lie; Hyson tea was 54c; ordi- 
 nary tea 42c; raisins 12^c; currants 18c; molasses 
 50; rice 6c; starch 12c; lemons 3c; nails 9c; peas 75c 
 
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HISTOEY OF CHEEKY VALLEY. Ill 
 
 a bushel; oats 40c; eggs 10c; powder 30c a pound; 
 shot 10c; thread was 9c a spool; calico 30c a yard; 
 sheeting 19c; ordinary cambric 12c; muslin 66c; 
 shirting 25c; blue jean 25c; gingham 30c; lamp oil, 
 $1.25; whisky was 40c a gallon; Malaga wine 75c; 
 rum 50c; sweet wine 60c; gin $1.00. Of course there 
 were different qualities of many of these articles but 
 these were the average prices. 
 
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112 HISTORY OP CHEEKY VALLEY. 
 
 CHAPTEE XVIII. 
 
 1835 TO 1850. 
 
 The opening of the New York Central railroad, in 
 1836, may be said to have put an end to Cherry Val- 
 ley's through trade and to have commercially isolated 
 it. The great rivers of travel had changed their 
 course, and Cherry Valley was left forsaken, on the 
 banks of the now useless "Great Turnpikes," while 
 the traffic, which once surged over them, now passed 
 through the lowlands below, by way of the great 
 canal or still greater railroad. 
 
 The great panic of 1837 was, too, a severe blow to 
 the place. Immediately following the loss of trade, 
 from the causes mentioned, its eflfect was doubly 
 severe. It lasted, so far as this town was concerned, 
 until 1844, and during that time every prominent 
 merchant either failed or went out of business. 
 
 The history of Cherry Valley, during the decade 
 beginning with 1838, is perhaps the most remarkable 
 ill its existence. Certainly no other village, of a 
 thousand people, has ever played so important a part 
 in the politics of a great State. 
 
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HISTORY OP CHEERY VALLEY. 113 
 
 During this time Cherry Valley furnished to the 
 State, two Members of the Board of Regents, (Dr. 
 Wm. Campbell, LL. D., and Jabez D. Hammond, 
 LL. D.); a President of the State Senate, (Levi 
 Beardsley); a Surveyor-General, (Wm. Campbell); 
 a Canal Commissioner, (Geo. W. Little) ; two 
 Members of Congress, (Jeremiah E. Cary, and Wm. 
 W. Campbell,); a State Senator, (David H. Little); 
 a National Elector, (Jacob Livingston): a Justice of 
 the Superior Court, (Wm. W. Campbell, LL. D.); 
 and a member of the Court for the Correction of 
 Errors, (Levi Beardsley). It also had two life Trus- 
 tees of Union College, — then the most famous edu- 
 cational institution in the country, outside of New 
 England, — and it was represented on the Boards of 
 many large institutions and corporations. 
 
 Its influence in county politics was very great, as 
 is indicated by the fact that at one time (1848) it 
 furnished three of the seven county officers — Charles 
 McLean, County Clerk; Dewitt C. Bates, District 
 Attorney; Jonas Plainer, Sheriff, — and a member 
 of Assembly, (Benjamin Davis). The important 
 part it took in county matters is further shown by 
 the fact that, upon the reorganization of the County 
 Agricultural Society, in 1841, the President, Sec- 
 retary and Treasurer were all chosen from Cherry 
 Valley. 
 
 Its activity in local matters was fully as great as 
 in county and state affairs. There were here at this 
 time three companies of infantry — commanded re- 
 
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114 HISTORY OF CHERRY VALLEY. 
 
 spectively by Capt. Wm. C. Willson, Capt. Harmon 
 Howland and Capt. Jonathan Hall — and three com- 
 panies of artillery (strictly one company of 3 guns.) 
 commanded by Capt. Sutphen. There were also two 
 Fire Companies, a Brass Band and several other or- 
 ganizations. 
 
 During this time Cherry Valley acquired consider- 
 able literary importance by the publication of Ham- 
 mond's "Political History," and "Times of Silas 
 Wright"; Beardsley's "Reminiscences", and Camp- 
 bell's "Annals of Tryon County" and "Life of 
 Judith Grant," — all of which attracted attention in 
 the literary world, — as well as by the activity of 
 several other of its residents in literary affairs. 
 
 The industries, giving employment to a number of 
 men, included Watt's Tannery, which stood on the 
 site of the stone building opposite the grounds of 
 the Episcopal church ; Judd's Iron Foundry; Luke 
 Brewer's Furniture Factory — below the corner of 
 Main and Grenesee streets; Harry Smith's Truss 
 works, and Benj. Davis' Hat-making establishment. 
 Several wagon, tailor and shoe shops also gave em- 
 ployment to quite a number of men. 
 
 At this time the Academy, of which J. Washington 
 Taylor was principal and Miss Caroline F. King 
 preceptress, was enjoying a period of great prosperity. 
 Connected with it was a Musical Department under 
 the charge of Jonathan Fowler, a music teacher of 
 reputation, which attracted hither many students of 
 music. The large number of old and wealthy 
 
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HISTORY OF CHEERY VALLEY. 115 
 
 families also gave the place great social prominence. 
 Indeed the whole history of Cherry Valley during 
 this period shows a prominence and activity that 
 would be deemed incredible in a village of a thou- 
 sand inhabitants, did not the official records testify 
 to its truth. 
 
 In 1888 President Martin VanBuren visited Cher- 
 ry Valley. He was entertained while here by Jacob 
 Livingston, Esq., (a strong Whig and an elector on 
 the Harrison ticket in 1840). A public reception 
 was tendered him at Wilkin's (formerly Story's) 
 tavern in the afternoon, and a private reception was 
 given in his honor by Mrs. Levi Beardsley, in the 
 evening. 
 
 The one hundredth anniversary of the settlement 
 of Cherry Valley was celebrated on the Fourth of 
 July, 1840. The event called together an enormous 
 crowd — estimated at 25,000 — including many dis- 
 tinguished men. The speakers were the Rev. Dr. 
 Eliphalet Nott, president of Union College, Wm. 
 H. Seward, the Governor of the State, and the Hon. 
 W. W. Campbell. The latter was one of the men 
 who, both by their ability and prominence, added to 
 the fame of Cherry Valley. He was at various times 
 Circuit Judge, Judge of the Supreme Court and 
 Member of Congress; a life Trustee of Union Col- 
 lege, and author of "Annals of Tryon County", 
 "Life of Judith Grant", and several other works, as 
 well as many magazine articles and pamphlets. He 
 had also a very considerable reputation as a speaker. 
 
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116 HISTOKY OF CHEREY VALLEY. 
 
 The greatest political celebration ever held in this 
 or adjoining counties, was in the famous "Log Cabin 
 and Hard Cider Campaign" when Harrison and 
 Tyler were the Whig candidates. Several days be- 
 fore the celebration a log cabin was erected on the 
 site of the present Francis house, next to C. B. Plat- 
 ner's. The cabin was built in a single day, all the 
 Whigs in the town who could find room to drive a 
 nail aiding in its erection. The day after it was com- 
 pleted several of the leading Whigs decided that 
 they would whitewash the interior. Accordingly 
 armed with whitewash pails and brushes they took 
 possession of the cabin. Fortunately, or unfortu- 
 nately, — for this is one of the cases in which opinions 
 might honestly differ, — a cider barrel or two was con- 
 sidered a necessary part of the furnishings of a log 
 cabin, and the builders of this particular cabin had 
 finished their labors by "rolling in" several barrels 
 of cider. The result may be easily imagined. After 
 a day spent in the sabin the company towards even- 
 ing appeared, themselves decorated from head to feet 
 with whitewash, and with unsteady steps, but with 
 happiness depicted on their faces as the result of a 
 good deed well done, sought their several homes. — 
 It is illustrative of the times that this proceeding, 
 which would now be considered "disgraceful," at- 
 tracted no special attention and was not looked upon 
 as anything especially out of the way. Among the 
 party were Judge Hammond, Judge Brackett, Coun- 
 selor H. J. Campbell and several other of the first 
 
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HISTORY OF CHERRY VALLEY. 117 
 
 men in the village. The only special comment on 
 the subject was that of a radical democrat who ex- 
 pressed the opinion that "it almost made him wish he 
 was a Whig." Which doubtless expressed the opin- 
 ion of a good many other prominent democrats. 
 
 The celebration itself was held in Kipley's Grove, 
 (now the Bates' farm). Connected with it was the 
 inevitable "Ox Roast." The sticks sustaining the 
 Ox had burned oflE during the roasting process the 
 preceding night, allowing the animal to drop into 
 the huge dripping pan and thence into the fire, so 
 that portions of the outer part were more thoroughly 
 cocked than absolutely necessary, but with the as- 
 sistance of the hard cider, which stood in barrels all 
 over the lot^free to all — this was easily over- 
 looked. A novel sight was a large number of small 
 log cabins, some used for refreshment booths and 
 others merely for show; the latter gaily decorated 
 and having, as their occupants, girls, women and 
 men, in various costumes, representing early settlers, 
 Indians, etc. Some of the smaller of these were built 
 by farmers on wagons, or ox carts, and drawn to the 
 grounds. Seth Pope, who lived on the hill back of 
 the Roseboom place, narrowly escaped a fatal acci- 
 dent by the tipping over of a log cabin he was 
 bringing down the hill on his ox cart. Fortunately 
 the bevy of girls; dressed in white, who were to oc- 
 cupy it, were walking and escaped injury, as did also, 
 by singular good fortune, the driver. 
 
 In 1844 another very large political celebration 
 
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118 HISTORY OF CHEERY VALLEY. 
 
 was held in Campbell's grove, at which the "Speech" 
 was delivered by Horace Greeley. In connection 
 with this was also an "Ox roast" — apparently a nec- 
 essary concomitant of all the early celebrations. 
 
 Cherry Valley was itself too full of life to pay 
 much attention to the Mexican war and there were 
 few volunteers from here. Several reached the 
 recruiting station at New York but the only ones 
 who took an active part in the war were Lieut. 
 Edward Gilbert, who was later the first Representa- 
 tive in Congress, from the new State of California, 
 and Capt. John Brackett, who served for many years 
 in the regular army. 
 
 The present Episcopal Society was incorporated 
 on April 18, 1846, under the name of Grace Church. 
 — The first rector was the Rev. Joseph Ransom.— 
 The vestry was composed of the following: James 
 W. Brackett and Henry Roseboom, Wardens; — 
 Benjamin Davis, George W. White, Charles Mc 
 Lean. B. B. Provost, David L. White, Joseph Calder, 
 Amos L. Swan and Wm. Owen, Vestrymen. Of the 
 charter members of the society Mrs. Henry Rose- 
 boom, Mrs. A. B. Cox and Mrs. Brayton A. Camp- 
 bell alone survive. Of the vestry not one is now 
 living. The following is a list of the Episcopalian 
 ministers and rectors who have held services here : 
 
 Russell 1787 to 1793; David Nash, 1798 to 
 
 1805; Timothy Miner, 1838 to 1841; Joseph Ran- 
 som, 1845 to 1850; J. Leander Townsend, 1850 to 
 
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HISTORY OF CHEEKY VALLEY. 119 
 
 1852; John Dowdney, 1852 to 1853; George H. 
 Nichols, 1854 to 1865; Flavel S. Mines, 1865 to 
 1867; David L. Schwartz, 1867 to 1872; Henry H. 
 Oberly, 1873 to 1874, J. H. De Mille, 1874 to 1876; 
 Beeve Hobbie, 1876 to 1884; J. E. Hall, 1885 to the 
 l)resent time. 
 
 About the year 1847, John W. Fowler established 
 a Law School here, which was very successful, for 
 some years, and attracted hither a number of young 
 men of ability who, later in life, attained prominence. 
 Fowler gave his chief attention to oratory and many 
 of the public speakers and campaign orators who 
 became noted in the west — for that section attracted 
 most of the youth of that time — received their train- 
 ing at the "Cherry Valley Law School." 
 
 About 1849 Amos L. Swan began the manufacture 
 of Melodeons, and, two years later, O. H. Eldredge 
 engaged in the manufacture of Cabinet Organs, on 
 quite an extensive scale. The former's business was 
 broken up by the civil war. The Eldredge Factory 
 was run until 1874 — during the later years by Alex. 
 Fea & Sons, — when it was also abandoned. 
 
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120 HISTORY OF CHEERY VALLEY. 
 
 CHAPTER XIX. 
 
 1850 TO 1870. 
 
 The history of Cherry Valley, so far as its general 
 influence and prominence is concerned, may be said 
 to have ended with the close of the first half of the 
 Century. Perhaps the most remarkable thing in its 
 whole history is the suddenness with which it drop- 
 ped from a place of leading importance into a 
 commonplace country village. The town, which 
 had, between 1838 and 1848, been the home of State 
 officers, members of the Board of Kegents, Senators, 
 Judges and Congressmen has, during the fifty years 
 since then, with the exception of one Congressman, 
 (Oliver A. Morse 35th Congress), never had an 
 official of any importance. Its decline in wealth 
 and social importance was more gradual, and it con- 
 tinued, for thirty years after the date mentioned, to 
 hold an enviable position in the social world, by 
 reason of the wealth and standing of many of its 
 families. 
 
 In 1854 Cherry Valley was further reduced, both 
 in size and population, by the formation from it of 
 the town of Roseboom. So named in honor of 
 
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HISTORY OF CHERRY VALLEY. 121 
 
 Abraham Roseboom, one of its oldest and most prom- 
 inent, as well as its wealthiest citizen. At this time 
 Cherry Valley was the first town in the county in 
 point of population. The village itself was, however 
 the Second in the county, Cooperstown being first. — 
 The village of Cherry Valley attained its greatest 
 numerical size during the later fifties. It at one 
 time contained over eleven hundred inhabitants. It 
 was a far less prepossessing looking village than it 
 now is, and contained many old rookeries and un- 
 painted houses. But what is somewhat remarkable, 
 it did not possess nearly as many buildings as to-day. 
 Genesee street had only four or five houses; there 
 were only a few houses on upper Main street; Upper 
 Montgomery street and its lanes had not half the 
 present number of houses, and Maple Avenue was 
 unopened. It was however not unusual to find sev- 
 eral families in a house and a dozen people in a 
 
 family. 
 
 In 1854 Lodge Rooms were built for the I. O. O. F. 
 Society; which had been established here in 1847, 
 by the addition of a third story to the building 
 known as the "Bates Block." The Odd Fellows con- 
 tinued to occupy these rooms until the building was 
 destroyed by fire in 1894. In the same year (1854) 
 an Encampment was organized in connection with 
 the Lodge. No member of the original Lodge is 
 now living and of the charter members of the En- 
 campment, we believe only two— James Young, Esq., 
 and Robert Wales. Both organizations are now in a 
 
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122 HISTORY OF CHERRY VALLEY. 
 
 flourishing condition. 
 
 The following account of the part taken by Cher- 
 ry Valley, in the late civil war, written by Rev. H. 
 U. Swinnerton, Ph. D., in 1876, is so concise and 
 complete that no later account can improve it. 
 
 "A company was raised in April, 1861, immediately 
 after Sumter, its quarters being in the school house 
 near the cemetery, on the site of the old revolution- 
 ary fort. It was offered at Albany, under the first 
 call for 75,000 men, but the call having been filled it 
 was not received. Its captain was Geo. S. Tucker- 
 man, and its lieutenants, Egbert Olcott and Cleve- 
 land J. Campbell. All or nearly all its members 
 enlisted in pther organizations. Some of them, with 
 others from the village, making ten in all, enlisted 
 as privates at Albany in the 44th ("Ellsworth Aven- 
 gers,") which went out in the Fall. Among these 
 Campbell rose from one grade to another in line and 
 staff and in different corps, becoming a colonel, and 
 brig. gen. by brevet. He died before the close of 
 the war. Olcott passed to the 12 1st of which he 
 long held command, after the promotion of Gen. 
 Upton, and becoming a colonel; and William Crafts 
 received a captain's commission on the day he died. 
 
 For years preceding there had been a fine military 
 company of which Amos L. Swan was captain, and 
 in which the people of the village took great inter- 
 est. It was attached to the old 39th militia, of which 
 Cherry Valley was the head-quarters. In Septem- 
 ber 1861, on the call for three year's men. Gen. 
 
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HISTORY OF CHERRY VALLEY. 123 
 
 Danforth, of the local militia brigade, was present 
 at a parade of this company. On his asking how 
 many from it would go, the order was given, for such 
 as were willing, to advance from the ranks when 
 nearly the whole company stepped forward. There 
 was then no bounty, and the men did not even know 
 the pay. The general at once decided that the en- 
 listment of the 89th should be proceded with at Cher- 
 ry Valley. Bates' hop-house was used for barracks, 
 and the old M. P. Church as mess room. — Over six 
 hundred men were recruited by the 1st of January 
 1862, when they were suddenly ordered to Albany, 
 and there summarily consolidated with the 76th N. 
 Y. S. V. Two of the companies, however were put 
 in the artillery under Col. Laidley. 
 
 The 39th thus lost its identity, and the interest of 
 the people here, followed the 76th through its long 
 career down to Appomattox; what was left of it 
 taking i)art there in the closing strokes of the war. — 
 For it the flag was made. The officers from Cherry 
 Valley were as follows: Capt. A. L. Swan, who was 
 brevetted lieut, col., Lieut. Robert Story, (a most 
 gallant soldier,) who became Capt., and was killed 
 at Gettysburg, Capt. John W. Young became a 
 major. James D. Clyde subsequently entered as 
 Lieut, and became a captain. Of those who entered 
 as privates in it, Edwin J. Swan became a captain, and 
 Barnard Phenis, a Lieut., (killed at Weldon, R. K.) 
 Samuel Ludlam and James George became Serjeants, 
 and Albert Gross several times declined the office, 
 
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124 HISTORY OF CHEERY VALLEY. 
 
 as did Solomon Howe, though called by Col. Swan 
 the "banner soldier" of the regiment. John Stevens 
 was made color serg't at Gettysburg, and Irving 
 Baker at South Mountain for bravery. 
 
 In the Fall of 1861, after the defeat at Bull Run, 
 a troop of cavalry was formed under Lieut. Philip 
 R. Wales (who became a Capt.) and received at In. 
 Y., into the Ira Harris Cavalry, (afterwards 6th N. 
 y.) — John Ramsay became a first lieutenant in it, 
 and James J. Fonda an ordinance serjeant. Morgan 
 Lewis went out as a private and became a captain. — 
 Also, that Fall, a squad of near a score for Berdan's 
 Sharpshooters, raised by Geo. S. Tuckerman as Capt. 
 and Lieut. Charles McLean, who was killed. Wm. 
 McLean; his brother was a serjeant, and was also 
 killed. In this corps John E. Hetherington after- 
 wards became a captain, and Oliver J. Hetherington 
 was a serjeant, William Story several times persis- 
 tently refused a commission on account of a roman- 
 tic friendship, for the sake of which he preferred 
 the ranks. He and James Kraig, his alter ego were 
 first in, and last out, of everything that was lively. — 
 James Hetherington, the third brother of the two 
 above, went in thevolunteernavy, as. did also William 
 V. S. Bastian, Jjhn Nelson, and Thomas Brien. — 
 Charles Nichols (son of the rector of Grace Church,) 
 George Engle and William Nelson lost their lives in 
 the navy. The residence of Lieut. Com. George 
 Ransom U. S. N. was here though now changed to 
 Richfield. He commanded the cruiser, Grand Gulf, 
 
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HISTORY OF CHEEKY VALLEY. 125 
 
 was Post Capt. at the Philadelphia Navy Yard, and 
 now ranks as Commander in one of the finest ves- 
 sels of the Navy. In August 1862, upon the second 
 call for three year's men, two companies were raised 
 for the 121st, whose head quarters were at Herkimer. 
 Egbert Olcott, as stated above, long held command. 
 He received some remarkable commendations for the 
 efficiency of his regiment, and his own merit as an 
 officer. It was attached to the 6th Corps, and was 
 engaged in all the battles of the army of the Potomac 
 up to Winchester. Thence under Sheridan in his 
 campaign to Richmond. It got the honorable nick- 
 name of "Upton's regulars." Other officers from 
 here were captains Edwin Clark and Douglas Camp- 
 bell, the latter brevetted major, Lieut, and Adj't. 
 Francis W. Morse who became captain on the staff, 
 and major by brevet, and Lieuts. James D. Clyde 
 and Wm. Tucker; Edward Wales and John Daniels 
 both brave fellows, became Serjeants and were killed. 
 The three Wallaces, Spencer, Benjamin, and John, 
 sons of a clergyman, (the last of whom was killed,) 
 were among the many privates, whose services were 
 as valuable as those of many an officer. And John 
 Skinnon, an old veteran of the British Army, was 
 another of the same kind. When examined for en- 
 listment the doctor pointed to a bullet scar in his 
 chest, remarking "If that had gone an inch this way 
 it would have killed you." 
 
 "Begorra," said John, "and if it had gone the wan 
 inch the other way, it wouldn't have hit me at all!" 
 
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126 HISTORY OF CHERRY VALLEY. 
 
 Besides these bodies of men, there went from the 
 place numerous individuals in other organizations; 
 including the following: 
 
 David Little, M. D. went out as Assist. Surgeon 
 of the 14th, New York, and became a Surgeon, with 
 the rank of major. Egbert Olcott (a cousin of 
 the before mentioned of the same name,) became a 
 lieut. in the Regular Army. Delos Olcott, his 
 brother, became a Capt. in the volunteers. George 
 Little became a Capt. in the 127th, Louis Campbell 
 became a lieutenant in the 152d, Charles Fry was an 
 Assist. Surgeon in the 26th. 
 
 Col. Olcott, Capt.Delos Olcott, Major Young, Capt. 
 Ed. Swan, Capt. Clyde, and Lieuts. Casler of Spring- 
 tield and L. Campbell were all prisoners and were 
 among the oflBcers placed under fire at Charleston 
 during the bombardment. Some were exchanged, 
 but others endured unspeakable horrors in the 
 prisons at Savannah, Macon and Columbia, gaining 
 their liberty, with constitutions in some cases totally 
 impaired, only at the end of the war. 
 
 I feel that this list is very imperfectly made up, 
 as almost every day adds a name or an item which 
 ought to go in. My only fear, however, is that the 
 reader a hundred years from now will not believe 
 that out of the two or three thousand people in this 
 town so many could have been sent; that the officers 
 alone so far as named should number so many as 
 thirty-seven; — embracing eleven of the rank of cap- 
 tain, ten of higher grade seven lieutenants, and at 
 
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HISTORY OF CHEERY VALLEY. 127 
 
 least nine subalterns; and that the dead whose fate 
 was ascertained should count up to forty-two." 
 
 The taking away, by the war, of so many of the 
 young men of the village, not only reduced its popu- 
 lation, but also injuriously effected its business 
 interests. It was the main cause leading to the 
 closing of the Academy and it caused the per- 
 manent abandonment of one, and the tempor- 
 ary stoppage of the other, of the melodeon factories. 
 In the midst of the depression, brought about by 
 the war, came the opening of the Albany & Susque- 
 hanna railroad, which diverted from Cherry Valley 
 the trade of the lower part of Otsego and adjoining 
 counties. The greater portion of which had, up to 
 this time, passed through it, on the way to Albany 
 or the New York Central railroad. 
 
 In the early part of June, 1866, the Tryon House, 
 a locally noted hotel, was destroyed by fire, and a 
 month later, (July 6), a still more disastrous fire 
 swept away all the remaining business portion of 
 Main street, on the north side, with the exception of 
 of the Central Hotel and the building east of it. 
 
 In 1867, the last "General Training" was held in 
 Cherry Valley. Immediately afterwards the old 39th 
 Regiment, which had long had its head-quarters 
 here, was disbanded. The Militia equipments were 
 removed and the old Arsenal abandoned to the vil- 
 lage youth and to the elements. The combined ef- 
 forts, of these two destructive agents, soon made a 
 wreck of the building, and a number of years ago it 
 
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128 HISTORY OF CHEKEY VALLEY, 
 
 was torn down and burned. 
 
 In 1868 a company was organized for the develop- 
 ment of tlie "White Sulphur Spring," two miles 
 north of the village. The existence of the spring 
 had been known since the settlement of the place, 
 and is said to have been much visited by the Indians 
 for many years previous. A commodious bath-house 
 was erected and a very considerable amount of 
 money was expended in laying out roads and de- 
 veloping the property, but the enterprise, owing 
 doubtless to its distance from any hotel, was never a 
 success. A fact much to be regretted, for there is 
 no question of the medicinal value of the water. A 
 little later a phosphate spring, know to the Indians, 
 was re-discovered. The water was thoroughly ana- 
 lyzed and found to be heavily impregnated with 
 phosphates but, in developing, it became mixed with 
 other water, and it was also finally abandoned. 
 
 The building of the New York Central and the 
 Albany & Susquehanna railroads had so completely 
 isolated Cherry Valley from the rest of the world, 
 that it was deemed almost essential for the existence 
 of the place that it should have railroad commun- 
 ication with the outside world, and, a charter having 
 been acquired, the building of a road from Cherry 
 Valley to a junction with the Albany & Susquehanna 
 at Cobleskill was begun on Dec. 1, 1868, and on June 
 15, 1870, the first train ran over the newly completed 
 Cherry Valley, Sharon & Albany railroad. The fol- 
 lowing day trains began running regularly. The 
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HISTORY OF CHEREY VALLEY. 129 
 
 officers of the road from this town were: Wm. W. 
 Campbell president; H. J. Olcott, treasurer; A. B. 
 Cox, Dewitt C. Bates and James Young, directors. 
 Mr. Bates was also the superintendent of the road. 
 The road was never a paying aflFair and after a few 
 years it was sold to the Delaware & Hudson Canal 
 Co., the present owners. The town was bonded for 
 $150,000. to build the road, the bonds drawing seven 
 per cent interest. The payment of which has been 
 a heavy burden on the town for many years, but is 
 now rapidly becoming less burdensome both by the 
 reduction in the rate of interest and the payment of 
 the greater part of the principal. 
 
 In the year 1869, James S. Campbell, the last 
 survivor of the Massacre, passed away, at the ad- 
 vanced age of 97 years. He was a child of six years, 
 when the tories and Indians descended upon the ill- 
 fated settlement, and was, with the rest of the family, 
 taken captive. He was carried to Canada and 
 adopted into an indian family. More remarkable 
 even than his great age or his connection with the 
 revolutionary period, is the fact that he was a son of 
 Col. Samuel Campbell, one of the original settlers of 
 Cherry Valley. Probably no two generations in the 
 same family ever covered a longer period in the his- 
 tory of an American village. Certainly none ever 
 witnessed greater changes nor passed through a 
 more exciting epoch. 
 
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130 HISTORY OF CHERRY VALLEY. 
 
 CHAPTER XX. 
 
 1870 TO 1898. 
 
 The history of Cherry Valley, since 1870, has been 
 but a constant record of disasters and deaths; of 
 devastating fires, of loss of population by removals, 
 and of business through these and other causes. 
 But of far more serious moment has baen the loss, by 
 death, of the men who, by their intellect, position, 
 or wealth, gave the town a character and standing 
 unequalled among the smaller villages of the state. 
 Among the men having an extended reputation for 
 literary and scholarly attainments, living here in 
 1870, and who have since died, were Judge Wm. W. 
 Campbell, Hon. Oliver A. Morse and Prof. John L. 
 Sawyer. The men of wealth and high social stand- 
 ing included A. B. Cox, Henry Roseboom, Joseph 
 Phelon, Horatio J. Olcott, G. W. B. Dakin, Horace 
 Ripley and Samuel Campbell. Of these the first 
 three were members of old and wealthy families pre- 
 viously mentioned; types of the older generation of 
 country gentlemen, now so nearly extinct. Mr. Ol- 
 cott, a member of the family, of that name, long 
 prominent in banking circles, was for over fifty years 
 
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HISTOEY OF CHEREY VALLEY. 131 
 
 connected with the Central Bank; a portion of that 
 time as President. Mr. Dakin, a very gentlemanly 
 man, of scholarly tastes, succeeded Mr. Olcott as 
 president of the Bank. (His name was inadvertent- 
 ly omitted from the list of the presidents in a pre- 
 vious chapter). Mr. Ripley, a member of an old 
 Cherry Valley family, was a retired city merchant. 
 Samuel Campbell, Esq., for many years a prominent 
 New York lawyer, having amassed a large fortune, 
 had returned to his native village to spend the rest 
 of his days. Of the lawyers Judge Greorge C. Clyde, 
 Dewitt C. Bates, Davis Bate.s and Wm. Burch, en- 
 joyed more than a local reputation. The superior 
 abilities of the latter were not fully appreciated by 
 later generations. They did justice to his ability as 
 a lawyer, but his broader scholarship and knowledge 
 — so rare among country lawyers of the present gen- 
 eration — were not appreciated at their full value. — 
 Among the medical fraternity Joseph White and 
 George Merritt held an excellent position; the lat- 
 ter especially in surgery. In local and county affairs 
 Charles McLean long occupied a leading place. — 
 There were also a nunjber of others, 'whose respect- 
 able talents and standing entitled them to consider- 
 ation. 
 
 That these men did not do more to extend ttie 
 reputation and improve the material prospects of the 
 place, was due to the fact that many of them came 
 here after the prime of life— having acquired prom- 
 inence and wealth in other fields— and preferred a 
 
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132 HISTORY OF CHEERY VALLEY. 
 
 life of retirement. They sought rather to keep it, 
 as it then was, a quiet, cultivated, country village, 
 than to make it an active, stirring, bustling town; as 
 with the wealth and influence at their command 
 they might easily have done. 
 
 On June 21, 1871, fire again visited the place and 
 destroyed the old two and a half story building stand- 
 ing on the corner opposite the Tryon House lot. — 
 Like most of the fires that have taken place in the 
 village, this proved but a temporary disaster as a 
 more modern three story block was soon erected on 
 this site. 
 
 In June 1872 the old Presbyterian church erected 
 in 1827-8, was torn down, and on October 1st, 1878, 
 the handsome stone edifice which now adds so much 
 to the beauty of the village, and attracts the at- 
 tention of all visitors, was dedicated. The church 
 was erected by the munficience of Miss Catharine 
 Koseboom and is a memorial both of her generosity 
 and her interest in the cause of Christianity. The 
 only outward show of an extended liberality and 
 deep interest in religious matters, which she has 
 evinced privately in many instances. 
 
 The Historical Account of tbe Presbyterian church 
 of Cherry Valley says: "It can probably be said of 
 few churches in this country, that there have been 
 erected for their use, so many as five suc- 
 cessive houses of worship. The edifice we now 
 occupy is the fifth building that has been raised 
 and dedicated to the use of this congregation in the 
 
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HISTORY OF CHEERY VALLEY. 138 
 
 worship of God." Following is a list of the Pastors 
 who have been stationed here since the organiza- 
 tion of the Presbyterian Society: Samuel Dunlop, 
 1741-78; EliphaletNott, 1796-98; Thos. K.Kirkham, 
 1803-04; Geo. Hall, 1806-07; Jesse Townsand, 1810; 
 Eli F. Cooley, 1810-20; John Truair, 1820-22 ; Char- 
 les Jas. Cook, 1822; Charles Fitch, 1822-24; Evans 
 Beardsley, 1825; Jas. B. Ambler, 1825-27; C. W. D. 
 Tappan, 1828-29; Alex. M. Cowan, 1830-33; Wm. 
 Lochead, 1834-38; Albert V. H. Powell, 1838-39; 
 William Lusk, 1841-46; Geo. S. Boardman, 1847- 
 49; John G. Hall, 1850-57; Jas. H. D wight, 1857-58; 
 Alex. S. Twombly, 1858-62; Edward P. Gardner, 
 1862-67; Henry U. Swinnerton, 1868 to the present 
 time. 
 
 The remarkable decline in the importance of 
 Cherry Valley, is made most strikingly evident by 
 the statement that there were seventeen lawyers in 
 active practice in 1843, but by 1873 the number had 
 declined to four. 
 
 In 1876, Miss Catharine Roseboom purchased the 
 lot at the corner of Montgomery and Church streets 
 and erected thereon a building for Academic pur- 
 poses. A Conservatory of Music was started, in 
 1878, with a competent corps of instructors, but it 
 proved a failure and was soon abandoned. In ac- 
 cordance with the original intention, an Academy 
 was established, in 1881, and was run until 1895, 
 when, through lack of support, both moral and 
 material, it too was given up. Educationally the 
 
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134 HISTORY OF CHEERY VALLEY. 
 
 Academy was always a success but it was financially 
 a failure, and was only kept up by the liberality of 
 Miss Roseboom. 
 
 The Centennial of the Massacre of Cherry Valley 
 and the unveiling of the Monument which, to quote 
 the late Roscoe Conkling, "testifies of the sorrow of 
 one generation and the appreciation of another," 
 was held on the 15th of August, 1878. The names 
 of the honorary officers, on that occasion, will be of 
 sad interest to those whose memory carries them 
 back to that date, not only as showing the class of 
 men who then formed a part of the village, but also 
 as showing the sad ravages of death in the compar- 
 atively short time that has since elapsed; for of 
 these men, most of whom were little past the prime 
 of life, but two are left — John Judd and Wm. H. 
 Waldron. The list is as follows: President: — Chas. 
 McLean. Vice Presidents: — W. W. Campbell, H. 
 J. Olcott, Samuel C. Willson, Henry Roseboom, J. 
 N. Clyde, Jacob Sharp, John Judd, William W. 
 Holt, Joseph Phelon, George Merritt, J. L. Sawyer, 
 James O. Morse, Thos. S, Wells, John C. Campbell, 
 Horace Ripley, William H. Waldron, Amos L. Swan, 
 John C. Winne, James Horton, Sen., DeWitt C. 
 Clyde, William Burch, Samuel B. Campbell, Hiram 
 Flint. 
 
 The following account is taken from the "Proceed- 
 ings of the Centennial of the Cherry Valley Mas- 
 sacre" by John L. Sawyer: "The 15th of August 
 was a marked day in the calender of Cherry Valley; 
 
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HISTOEY OF CHEEKY VALLEY. 135 
 
 — not from the number of those present, though it 
 was great; nor from the character of the guests, 
 though many of them were distinguished; but from 
 the fact that it was the day set apart for the fiaal act 
 of a duty that three generations of men had neg- 
 lected to perform. The procession was formed 
 promptly at one o'clock p. M., under the direction of 
 the Marshal, Oapt. J. E. Hetherington, and proceeded 
 to the cemetery where the following program was 
 carried out: 1. Dirge by the Band, 2. Prayer by 
 Dr. Eliphalet Nott Potter, President of Union Col- 
 lege, 8. Singing of Ode, written for the occasion by 
 John L. Sawyer. 4. Eemarks by the President of 
 the day, 5. Address of Hon. Horatio Seymour. 6. Un- 
 veiling of the Monument by Hon. Thos. L. Wells, of 
 N.J., Hon.. W. W. Campbell of Cherry Valley, N. 
 Y., DeWitt C. Clyde, Esq. of Middlefield, N. Y., 
 Hon. S. C. Willson of Indiana and J. B. Thompson, 
 M. D., of Poughkeepsie, N. Y., descendents of those 
 whose names are inscribed thereon. 7. An Idyl of 
 Cherry Valley, Poem and Chorus written for the 
 occasion, by S. E. Johnson of Boston, 8. Address by 
 Douglas Campbell, Esq., of New York, 9. Singing 
 by the Choir, 10. Address by Hon. S. C. Willson of 
 Indiana, 11. Address by Col. Snow of Oneonta, 12. 
 Address by Dr. Potter, 18. Benediction by Rev. H. 
 U. Swinnerton. 
 
 On March 29th, 1891, that part of the business 
 portion of the village known as 'Harmony Row' was 
 destroyed by fire, as was also the house and store 
 
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136 HISTORY OF CHEERY VALLEY, 
 
 occupied by Alexander Oliver. 
 
 In 1893, Messrs. Rudd and Harris, of Brooklyn, — 
 the former a native of Cherry Valley — purchased the 
 Grand Hotel property, (formerly the old Academy) 
 and spent much money in beautifying and improv- 
 ing it. The lithia water (from the lithia spring) 
 was also brought to the village, and a handsome 
 fountain erected on the hotel grounds. It was hoped 
 that through the efforts of these men Cherry Valley 
 would develope into a summer resort, rivalling its 
 neighbors, — Sharon and Richfield, — but on July 6th, 
 1894 a fire, the most disastrous in its result, that has 
 ever visited the place, destroyed the hotel. A most 
 serious loss both to the beauty of the village and its 
 material prospects, Five days previous fire had also 
 destroyed the Central Hotel, for many years the 
 most popular hotel in the town. The latter has how- 
 ever been replaced by a larger and much more 
 modern building. 
 
 Since this time nothing of moment has taken 
 place in this town, excepting the building of the 
 water works system in 1896-7, and the death of sev- 
 eral prominent men. 
 
 The only man, properly belonging to the present 
 generation, who has contributed to the fame of 
 Cherry Valley was the late Douglas Campbell, whose 
 great work "The Puritan in England, Holland and 
 America" was written in Cherry Valley, in the years 
 immediately preceding his death. A work that 
 will stand as a lasting monument to the talents of 
 
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HISTORY OP CHERRY VALLEY. 137 
 
 the author, not less than to his indomitable will, 
 which alone sustained him, wasting with disease and 
 suffering from physical pain, to complete a work 
 which required the keenest perceptions and the 
 deepest thought. As a literary- feat it is unsurpassed 
 in the annals of literature. 
 
 Of the historic buildings of the village the residence 
 of Mrs. Sarah Morse O'Connor, has been alone pre- 
 served in its original form. A house of much local 
 interest from the great number of distinguished 
 guests who have been entertained there both by 
 Mrs. O'Connor's father, Hon. Oliver A. Morse, and by 
 her talented grand-father. Judge James O. Morse; of 
 great interest, to many Collegian^, as the house 
 wherein was founded the Alpha Delta Phi fraternity; 
 and of world-wide interest as the roof under which 
 Prof. Morse, the inventor of the telegraph worked 
 out many of his theories of the system that bears his 
 name. Here too, as a young artist, the guest of his 
 cousm, James O. Morse, he painted several of his 
 pictures, which have since become famous. It has 
 an added interest as being for many years the home 
 of Mrs. Oliver A. Morse, at the time of her death, 
 at the beginning of the present year, one of the few 
 real surviving daughters of the revolution. A woman 
 of rare lovliness of character, of superior culture and 
 of unusual refinement. 
 
 The Cherry Valley of to-day differs in little from 
 other small villages. A few of the older families, 
 growing yearly less, still linger, and give to the vil- 
 
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138 HISTOEY OF CHEEKY VALLEY. 
 
 lage a certain social prestige and an unconscious air 
 of refinement, unknown to more modern country 
 places. Its clergymen hold a somewhat higher 
 social position and are possessed of greater learning, 
 if not eloquence, than the average country minister. 
 Its lawyers and doctors rank fairly well in their 
 professions, and its merchants are fully the average 
 in enterprise, honesty and respectability. Its moral 
 tone is unusually good and its churches are sup- 
 ported as well proportionately as elsewhere in the 
 country. It has the usual secret organizations, fire 
 companies, Union School, water works and other 
 concomitants of villages of its size and class. 
 
 Whether it will ever again become an active factor 
 in the doings of the world, or whether it has accom- 
 plished its part, the future only will determine. — 
 The present of the American village is epemeral, the 
 future uncertain, but the glory of such a past as 
 Cherry Valley's will last as long as this country en- 
 dures. While the younger generations, in whom the 
 fire of ambition burns, will lament that the advance 
 of civilization and the growth of the cities, those 
 great vampires which suck the life blood of the 
 smaller villages, have destroyed the prosperity of 
 this once famous village, there are many who will 
 rejoice that the same causes have preserved to the 
 place its natural beauty; that the hills still wear their 
 wooded crests; that the landscape is unmarred by 
 unsightly buildings, and the pure mountain streams 
 unpolluted by the refuse of factories and mills. 
 
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Reminiscences. 
 
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140 HISTORY OF CHERBY VALLEY. 
 
 Recollections of Cherry Valley. 
 
 By L. W. C. 
 
 "I'll nought extenuate nor set down in maUce." 
 My earliest recollections of the place began when 
 I was about four years old, when I came to live with 
 my grancftather, Dr. or he was usually called, Judge 
 White. What a lovely village it was then, and how 
 many people of position and cultivation were in it! 
 As the late Douglas Campbell said, "all the good 
 people are dead." My grandfather and his two sons, 
 Menzo and Delos, stood at the head of the medical 
 profession as physicians and surgeons. James O. 
 Morse, Levi Beardsley, Isaac Seeley, Alvin Stewart, 
 Jabez D. Hammond and James Brackett, were well- 
 known lawyers all over the state. So many men pos- 
 sessed of so much talent and culture could be found 
 in noother place of equal or superior size. A flourish- 
 ing Academy kept up the teaching of the young for 
 their future destiny, or work, I should say. Among 
 the mechanics was Amasa Belknap, whose rifle shoot- 
 ing, and rifle making was well known; also Harry 
 Smith, a scientific jeweler, and Prescott whose clocks 
 and scissors are still prized by the descendents of 
 
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HISTORY or CHEERY VALLEY. 141 
 
 the old inhabitants. Besides these villagers the sur- 
 rounding inhabitants were people who were deservini; 
 of being remembered. Down about four miles below 
 the village lived the Rosebooms, and a mile or two 
 nearer, the Dixons, a little farther on Jesse Johnson, 
 and a little farther away still, lived his son Erastus; 
 under the hill lived the widow Henn and her four 
 children, and on the hill above some of her family, 
 the descendents of her father. Judge Hudson, I think 
 Mrs. Davis and her two daughters lived there. The 
 old Presbyterian church stood in the grave yard, and 
 it was the only church here; there were a few Epis- 
 copalians, who had organized a church in 1803, but 
 it had frittered out, and only now and then had 
 visits from father Nash or Mr. Tiffany. There were 
 no Methodists here then. 
 
 In my mentioning the mechanics, I omitted the 
 Judd family, who were very prominent here and 
 most excellent citizens. 
 
 In those times people had to be very economical, 
 for there was very little money in circulation. Every 
 one had the comforts of life, but there was not the 
 ambition for elegancies in furniture and dress that 
 there is now. Consequently people had more 
 time and leisure for the cultivation of their minds. 
 Bric-a-brac was an unknown word. In those times 
 people were not conventional, but gave utterance to 
 their thoughts in an honest and original way. In 
 reading the sayings and doings of some of the old 
 English worthies I think they are no more worthy 
 
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142 HISTORY OP CHERRT VALLEY, 
 
 of being recorded than some of the witticisms of 
 "Our Village." At the head of the list stood Alvin 
 Stewart, a Green Mountaineer. He was a tall, large 
 boned man, of sallow complexion, and showed the 
 white of the eye a great deal. Like Artemus Ward 
 he could convulse people with his sayings and 
 doings, without changing his countenance. I was 
 too young to understand and remember all I have 
 heard about him. He went to Europe, about sixty 
 years ago, in the time of sailing vessels, when the 
 voyage was long enough for the passengers to be- 
 come acquainted with each other, and the Captain 
 said, he would willingly take him for nothing for 
 the amusement he afforded. He was a teacher at 
 first, in the Academy, and always kept his eyes open 
 when he made the prayer, at the opening of the 
 school. One scholar, bolder than the others, said: 
 "Mr. Stewart, why do you always keep your eyes 
 open when you pray?" He said, "we are command- 
 ed to watch as well as pray." But he was much 
 liked by his pupils. I wish I could remember all 
 the funny things I've heard of him. An old lady 
 told me that once a boy did something against the 
 rule, and he told him to go and get some withes. 
 When the boy came back he told him he thought he 
 should have to kill him; and, as he threatened, he 
 kept poking the withes in the ashes, to season them. 
 When school was dismissed he took up the bundle 
 of sticks and told the boy to run; and he whipt all 
 the benches and chairs, and the boy escaped un- 
 
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HISTOEY OF CHEERY VALLEY. 113. 
 
 scathed. He was addicted to taking too much some- 
 times, but he afterwards reformed . and became 
 a great temperance man. He was also a 
 great abolitionist and became very prominent as 
 one. He married a Miss Holt. They had three 
 beautiful little daughters, two of whom fell victims 
 to the scarlet fever; the surviving one was Mrs. 
 Marsh, who is immortalized as "Jennie Marsh of 
 Cherry Valley," by the poet Morris. I have forgot- 
 ten to mention that there was another daughter, who 
 married Judge Dean, of Poughkeepsie, and I believe 
 is still living. He had a son Alvin, who died young. 
 
 They told a story about Mr. Stewart and a young 
 lawyer, who was opposed to him in an important 
 case. The young man fully aware of the strength 
 of his opponent, made great efforts to prepare him- 
 self for the battle. He wrote a fine speech but he 
 had the misfortune to have a very weak voice. After 
 he had finished, Mr. Stewart arose, in a very delib- 
 erate manner, with a handkerchief wrapped around 
 his head, and, rising still higher on his tip-toes, said, 
 "wee! wee! wee!" Which brought down the house, 
 and totally defeated the young man in his first at- 
 tempt at eloquence. His quotations, or mis-quota- 
 tions, of Shakespeare, and other classical writers 
 were too funny for anything. In speaking of some 
 womta in court, he said, she "stood like patience at 
 a wash-tub." 
 
 Another pair of funny lawyers were Mr. Levi 
 Beardsley and James Brackett. They were mighty 
 
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144 HISTORY OF CHEEKY VALLEY. 
 
 hunters and. in those days there were no foxes in the 
 country to rob the farmers of their geese and turkeys, 
 and we could hear the hounds baying about the hills 
 very often. They used to take a bottle to refresh 
 the inner man, and one day after tasting it they 
 found it was Adam's Ale, whereupon Mr. Beardsley 
 said: "It was some of Elizabeth's work." It is said, 
 altho' I do not vouch for the truth of it, that Eliza- 
 beth once decapitated one of her husband's hounds. 
 
 Judge Morse was a very talented lawyer and one 
 of the most amiable of men. His wife was also a 
 a very gifted woman. She was a great lover of 
 flowers and her garden was one of the show places of 
 the town. 
 
 Judge Hammond was another distinguished 
 lawyer. He wrote the "Political History of New 
 York." Personally he was one of the ugliest men 
 I ever saw. He was a widfower, with one son, 
 when I first recall him. He married soon after a lady 
 who was recommended to him; one of the lovliest 
 characters I ever met with. She was dreadfully 
 scarred with the small-pox, but was so agreeable that 
 one forgot she was not beautiful. She devoted her 
 life to him, and said it was worth something to have 
 such an agreeable companion. She read all the 
 proof sheets for his history, read to him, conversed 
 with him, and did everything to make him happy. — 
 Altho' of a strong vigorous constitution, he had to be 
 indulged in all his whims; she had to make his brown 
 bread, cook his rice, and when he was judge she had 
 
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HISTORY OP CHERRY VALLEY. 145 
 
 to accompany him to court and carry his bread. He 
 must have a fresh egg for his breakfast, and one 
 lady said: "If there was but one hen in the world, 
 and that hen laid but one egg. Judge Hammond 
 must have it." Perhaps the Judge had some appre- 
 ciation of her, for after her death he wrote on her 
 bed Adam's discription of Eve: 
 
 "Grace was in all her steps, Heaven in her eye; 
 In every gesture dignity and love." 
 
 Another lawyer who was quite prominent was Mr. 
 Seeley, He had two daughters who were agreeable, 
 accomplished ladies, Mrs. Wm. Oliver of Penn Yan 
 and Mrs. David H. Little. Their house was the 
 resort of all the pleasant people of the village and 
 county. 
 
 In my time the principal of the Academy was Mr. 
 Cogswell, an excellent teacher and a man very much 
 respected. He died in the western part of the State 
 not many years ago. His successors were nearly all 
 fine scholarly men and it is a great pity such an in- 
 stitution which prepared so many young men for 
 doing good work in the world should have been 
 closed. It was endowed by a Mr. Dwight Ripley, 
 but by what means the property was ever diverted 
 from its rightful use I never could find out. There 
 were several other families that ought to be remem- 
 bered. Among these were the Clydes, who lived 
 above the village, and whose ancestor in the revolu- 
 tion was one of the principal men here. 
 
 Judge Hudson, who owned the place now occupied 
 by Edward Phelon, was an Englishman. He was 
 
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146 HISTORY OF CHERRY VALLEY, 
 
 a very fat man and a good farmer. I've heard 
 my father say the Hudson and TunniclifPe cheese 
 used to sell for fifty cents a pound on the North 
 River. He used to import his cattle from England 
 and lived in the style of an English grazier. He 
 was so fat he could not walk and used to be driven 
 about in his ox-cart. He was very fond of good eat- 
 ing and partook too freely of his home brewed. He 
 would get very ill and send for my grand-father and 
 say to him: "Dr. White, if you will only cure me 
 this time I will neither eat nor drink any more." — 
 But he broke his word and the last time my grand- 
 father said: "Judge, I can do nothing for you." A 
 short time since a person told me that her uncle had 
 a large chair, almost big enough for two persons to 
 sit in, and it was called "the Hudson Chair." I 
 asked her if she had never heard of the "Hudsons." — 
 She said. "No." "So soon do we pass away and are 
 forgotten." Some idea may be had of the size of 
 Judge Hudson: when his coffin was carried out of 
 the house, the sides of the door had to be taken off. 
 There was a family of Tuckers on the East Hill. 
 One of them, Josh, was considered a great wit. — 
 His son also named Josh was down in the village, 
 and he made the acquaintance of a young woman 
 sitting in a wagon under a shed. She was journey- 
 ing with her family in a big covered wagon out west 
 to "the Ohio" as it was then called. Josh and she 
 were mutually pleased with each other, and so they 
 were married. My grand-father said to the old 
 
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illSTOKY OF CHERRY VALLEY. 147 
 
 man: "Mr. Tucker, what kind of a wife did Josh 
 get?" "I will tell you Doctor. 
 
 The Israelites they wanted bread, 
 
 The Lord did send them manna; 
 
 Our Josh wanted a wife, 
 
 And the devil sent him Hannah." 
 There was another Tiicker, in my time, named Joe; 
 whether he was a descendent of Josh and Hannah 
 I cannot say. He one day gave Mrs. Joe a whipping, 
 and the reason he gave was this. He told his wife 
 there were two things she should not lend, one was 
 the fine comb, the other was the darning needle, but 
 she had the temerity to lend the darning needle, and 
 a little girl in crossing a bridge let it fall between 
 the planks, so she got the whipping for her dis- 
 obedience. 
 
 There used to be a beautiful farm about two miles 
 north of the village, owned by Mr. Benoni Rose. He 
 was a pleasant, jolly old man; inclined to be fat and 
 loved a good dinner. He was originally a carpenter, 
 and went to the West Indies with the Kane brothers. 
 Before he left, he was engaged to Miss Maria Betts, 
 whose father resided on this pretty retired place. — 
 She was tall, thin, ladylike, and as unlike him as 
 could be, but she was his beau ideal of all that was 
 lovely and beautiful in a woman. All his ambition 
 was to get enough to support her in comfort and 
 luxury. He went away with the understanding that 
 if he did not return in two years she could consider 
 herself free of her promise. She was not anxious to 
 
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148 HISTORY OP CHEEBY VALLEY. 
 
 marry him, but the father, a selfish old man was de- 
 termined she should, so that he could save his farm. 
 She did not hear from him, and became engaged to 
 a man after her own heart, but just before the time 
 had expired, he came. He said he had written, but 
 the letters had not reached her. Her lover was poor 
 and so she had to marry him. It was a sad case. 
 Altho' he was devoted to her she was sharp and tart 
 in her bearing towards him ; they were both to be 
 pitied. They had no children. They came down 
 and lived in the village and her brother lived with 
 them and was always at logger heads with Mr. Rose, 
 which could not have added to her happiness. Old 
 Mrs. Campbell said there were two brothers Betts, 
 and each of them had two children, but the latter 
 had no descendents. Miss Deb Hudson, whose sayings 
 have lived after her, said it was well, for the Lord 
 knew there was enough of that pattern. The Betts 
 came from Newtown, Long Island, and they brought 
 with them an old negro woman named Betty, whose 
 manners were most ladylike and finished. My mother 
 said she was a good imitation of her mistress, Mrs. 
 Betts. She had a daughter named Mary and her 
 husband's name was Prince, who was as old if not 
 older than Betty. He was in the employ of Mr. 
 iloseboom and as the Cooperstown stage was going 
 up the hill, a trunk fell off; whereupon old Prince 
 got it. A very respectable man passed over the road 
 soon after, and he was arrested and imprisoned in 
 the jail at Cooperstown for several weeks. Finally 
 
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HISTORY OF CHERKY VALLEY. 149 
 
 the theft was discovered by some silver spoons 
 Mary had in her possession. The poor old man was 
 released, but hip reason had given away, and he 
 never fully recovered. One of his daughters, I was 
 told always wept when she told of his unjust im- 
 prisonment. 
 
 We had romances and tragedies here as there are 
 everywhere, and altho' people did not make large 
 fortunes, they did not seem to do much better 
 when they went away, and some who left, returned 
 to pass their last days here. We usually had three 
 principal stores, and our hotels have been famous. 
 Before the days of canals and railroads all the trav- 
 elers were anxious to reach Story's tavern, and in 
 later times Sterns' was quite famous too. This was 
 the thoroughfare, the great Western turnpike, and 
 every morning the stage horn used to come down the 
 hill, a much more joyful sound than the shrill 
 whistle of the steam engine. 
 
 About two miles above us lived a family of Pre- 
 voosts. He was the son of the first Bishop of New 
 York. He was very unsteady in his habits and his 
 family sent him to New Jersey, where he married a 
 good woman, and they had a large family of children. 
 He had but two sons, and one of them is now an oc- 
 cupant of the asylum at Utica. The other one was 
 a civil engineer, and a most respectable man. He 
 died and left a widow and four children, one is a son; 
 the daughters are dead with one exception. I think 
 there is not one of his descendents in the Episcopal 
 
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150 HISTORY OF CHERRY VALLEY, 
 
 church. I heard Dr. J. W. Francis say he was one 
 of the most learned men of his time, and a great 
 botanist. His gardens were in the upper part of 
 New York, on the land which now belongs to Colum- 
 bia College. 
 
 My grandfather, came here in 1787, when he was 
 21 years old, and he said he had a horse, a valise, 
 and fifty dollars in his pocket. The records say he 
 was a descendant of Peregrine White. His father 
 was a surveyor under the crown, and died when my 
 grandfather was a little boy. My grandfather ran 
 away from home when only eight years old and ship- 
 ped on a man of war at Boston. He went nearly 
 around the world, he said, and was a powder monkey 
 in an engagement and a man was shot down beside 
 him. He was a very handsome man, six feet in his 
 stockings and very active and powerful. He usual- 
 ly wore a dark green coat, long stockings and 
 breeches; when riding he wore Wellington boots. — 
 Among the patients that he had here were two sons 
 of the celebrated Timothy Pickering. Both of them 
 stayed with him a long time. My grandfather died 
 when I was only nine years old. He used to go 
 sometimes a day or two without eating and then eat 
 a great deal. He went off below Cooperstown, and 
 to several other places to see patients. At one place 
 a woman asked him if he would not have something 
 to eat? He said yes for "he was very hungry." She 
 gave him some ham, which was hard and tough. It 
 distressed him greatly. He reached the house of 
 
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HISTORY OF CHERRY VALLEY. 151 
 
 Mr. Oushman, in Monticello, but lived only a few 
 days. He said he had inflammation of the dia- 
 phragm and could live but so long a time, and he 
 died as he predicted. 
 
 I have been asked if I remembered the visit of Pres- 
 ident VanBuren in the year 1838, and been told that 
 it would interest people to have an account of it by 
 somebody who was here then. I was a young 
 girl, about fourteen, at the time, and, as my father 
 was a stanch whig, I did not admire the democrats; 
 but considered them as bad as people could be. One 
 day Mr. Levi Beardsley, who was the leading demo- 
 crat here and a state Senator, informed my father, 
 that Mr. VanBuren was coming and asked him if 
 he could entertain him. He said he could if my 
 mother was willing, which of course she was. So, 
 upon the appointed day, a procession of two or three 
 carriages went down to meet him, on the old Fort 
 Plain road. When we reached Mr. Ough's, we saw 
 the front yard filled with lovely red roses. We made 
 a halt and Mr. Roseboom went into the house and 
 told Mr. Ough that we were on our way to meet the 
 president and asked him for some of his roses to pre- 
 sent to him. He said, "Who is the bresident?" Mr. 
 Roseboom answered "Mr. VanBuren." "Is he a 
 goot man?" Mr. Roseboom said yes. "Then he may 
 have my roses" he answered. A little further on we 
 met the "goot man" and pelted him with the roses. — 
 In the evening there was a reception at the Old 
 Story Tavern, and the people from the neighborhood 
 
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152 HISTORY OF CHEBET VALLET. 
 
 all came to see him and were highly pleased. One 
 man, perhaps a little overcome with something more 
 potent than patriotism, called him "Mattie" and 
 others claimed some kindred with him or some of 
 his family. It was what would be called in these 
 times "a grand ovation." 
 
 After this was over we were invited to a reception 
 at Mr. Beardley's, where we were entertained with a 
 liberal supper. Mrs. Beardsley insisted upon the 
 president partaking of a j)iece of pumpkin piej 
 which he was too polite and kind too refuse. In 
 the middle of the night the pumpkin pie was 
 heard from, and my father went up to see what was 
 the disturbance in Mr. VanBuren's room. He told 
 him, "pumpkin pie." My father hurried to get 
 something to allay the trouble, and he said to him: 
 "President, I would not have you die in my house 
 for anything;" which amused the president very 
 much. He had with him his youngest son, Smith, 
 and a colored valet. We had a very clever cook who, 
 like Caleb Balderstone, was anxious to keep up the 
 .honor of the family. The valet said ta her: '"Does 
 not Mr. Livingston keep a man?" She answered, 
 "yes, but he is away now." 
 
 Mr. VanBuren was rather a small man, of florid 
 complexion, most polite and refined in his appear- 
 ance and manners, and winning in his address. — 
 
 Altho' Cherry Valley is a small place its worth 
 talking about. You find its inhabitants in every part 
 of the Continent from New York to the Pacific and 
 
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HISTORY OF CHEEKY VALLEY. 153 
 
 some of them are people to be proud of. In all the 
 American Histories of the revolution there is an ac- 
 count of the massacres at Cherry Valley and 
 Wyoming. It was originally patented by a Mr. Lind- 
 say, a Scotchman, and an officer in the English 
 army. It is a legend that he killed his friend in a 
 duel. It was settled by a colony from down east, as 
 the saying goes, and our hills are all named after the 
 hills in the North of Ireland, Lady Hill, and several 
 others. The colonists were Scotch Irish, from the 
 North of Ireland, and consequently protestants. — 
 The farm on which we live, which was the residence 
 of my grandfather, Dr. White, was the home of the 
 dominie Mr. Dunlop, a Scotchman, and we may call 
 it classic ground for it is said that he used to teach 
 boys Latin and Greek while plowing his fields. He 
 was engaged to be married when he left Scotland, 
 and if he did not return in seven years, his lady love 
 could be at liberty to chocse another lover. The 
 time passed away and she was about to get married 
 when lo! he appeared and soshe had to marry him, 
 and come to this wilderness. When the Indians came 
 here, the old man hid in a wood pile, but she poor 
 woman was killed. They cut off her arm with a 
 omahawk, and threw it up in an apple tree; the tree 
 was standing when I was a child. I believe they 
 were the parents of Mrs. Wells, and consequently 
 the grandparents of John Wells, the celebrated law- 
 yer. The family lived on the opposite hiU, and were 
 all murdered except the young John, who was at 
 
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151: HISTORY OF OHEKRY VALLEY. 
 
 Schenectady at school. My father, Jacob Living- 
 stoa, was a stuient in his offis e. I had forgotten to 
 say that the original name of the place was Linde- 
 say's Bush. It is not neccessary to tell of the cap- 
 ture of the Campbells, as the story has been told by 
 the late Judge William Campbell'~hi his "Annals of 
 Tryon County." 1 remember the old Judge, who 
 was taken capt ive, with his mother, when quite a 
 young boy. When a very old man, over 80, he went 
 to Canada to visit the tribe of Indians with whom 
 he had lived. He was very fond of their way of liv- 
 ing. They asked him if he could remember any of 
 their language. He said only one word, and that was 
 his name, and he would like to know its meaning. 
 When he told them his name, they said it meant, 
 "big eyes." H e and his wife lived to a good old age, 
 she was about 91 if I recollect and he 97. They cel- 
 ebrated their "Diamond Wedding." Her name was 
 Elderkin, and she came from Wyndham. There is 
 a funny story told about that place: there were two 
 ponds near it and there was a great drought, and one 
 pond was nearly dry, so the frogs migrated from the 
 dry pond to the adjoining one, in hopes of getting 
 water. On their march they croaked, and an old ne- 
 gro got awfully frightened for he said, the Indians 
 were coming for he heard them say: "Col. Dyer! 
 Col. Dyer! and Elderkin too! Elderkin too!" Col. 
 Dyer was one of the principal men in Windham. — 
 The son of Jud ge Campbell, who wrote the "Annals 
 of Tryon ..Co.," has written a book or rather a history 
 
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HISTOEY OF CHEERY VALLEY. 155 
 
 of the "Puritan in England and America," which 
 has produced quite a sensation, and I 'should think 
 would be much prized by the admirers and adherents 
 of Calvin. This is a little hamlet among the hills, I 
 sometimes think of the discription of Jerusalem; as 
 the Mountains are about thee, O Jerusalem, so are 
 the hills about thee, O Cherry Valley ! It is a bright 
 pleasant place in summer, and people are glad to come 
 here, to enhale our cool fresh air. The world has mov- 
 ed on beyond us, and if we are behind in some of the 
 modern improvements and luxuries, we have escaped 
 some of the troubles and vexations attending them. 
 
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156 HISTORY OF CHEEBY VALLEY. 
 
 ERRATA. 
 
 The proof reading of some of the early portions 
 of this work was not as carefully done as the author 
 would wish, but, fortunately, the mistakes are in the 
 main mere typographical errors. There are, how- 
 ever, three mistakes to which especial attention is 
 called: In the first, Harpersfield is called Harpers- 
 ville; in the account of the first massacre, in .one 
 place Alden is spelled Allen; and on page 96, Major 
 Daniel Hale, of Albany, is called Hall. 
 
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