O R A T I ON THE DEATH OF 0lv> ^tjomas Eetots, PRINCIPAL OF SUNBURr ACADEMY, WHO DIED ON THE 3d OF MARCH ; DELIVERED (BY PARTICULAR REgUIST) IN SUNBURr MEETING-HOUSE ON THB 3d OF APRIL, I804. t * BY JOHN ELLIOTT, Esqjjire. A Commissioner of the Academy. PRINTED BY SEYMOUR) WOOLHOPTER W STEBPINSj SAVANNAH, CX9KQ1A. 10 JOHN ELLIOTT, ESQUIRE, SIR, WE the Members of Suneury Academy, beg leave to pre* sent you our sincere thanks, for the OraTioni which you pronounced in commemoration of the Death of our beloved Preceptor, Mr. Tko- Has Lewis, and request a copy of the same, that it may be printed* [Signed by all the Members of the Academy.] The Instructors, who were assistants to the late Mr. Lewis, join in the above request ; and take this opportunity to express to you, their thamcs also, for the Oration with which you favoured them on Tuesday the 3d instant. JAMES E. MORRISS, 7 - OLIVER STEVENS, j 1 UT0RS' Sunlury dcadtnApril 9, 1804,^ &it #rattom T HAT MAN was created innocent and happy, is the language of unerring truth. Fashioned in the like¬ ness of his god, and endowed with the distinguished gift of inlelletiy he was called into life, a rational, and an accountable being ;—free to act or to refrain from aiftion, as reason urged, or inclination prompted. Thus rational, intelligent, and free> his indulgent maker op¬ posed to his willy but one restraintdeclaring that on his strifl obedience, hung suspended, the future des¬ tiny of the bumaji race I Awful responsibility ! and un¬ happy issue ! ! Forgetful of the hand that made him, apostate many tasted of the forbidden fruity and Al¬ mighty Justice thus challenged forth, pronounced the impending sentence—Dust thou arty and unto dust ■sbalt thou return / A sentence, fixed as the throne of heaven—irrevocable as yesterday's departed light—and as extendedy as the empire of Creation ! ! From the birth of nature, through the Iongtraft of almost six thousand years, have mankind in cease¬ less succession, travelled downward to the silent tomb ! None of the adventitious gifts of beauty, zvealthy or pozvery have ever successfully interposed their dazzle- ing aidy to arrest the eventful stroke ! The fair Cleopatra and her tawny maid ; the wealthy Crcesus, and the hum¬ ble beggar Lazarus ; the mighty conqueror Alexander, and his puny trembling slavesy have ally long since, indiscriminately mouldered into the elementary mass% from which they originated, Embosomed in the dank and gloomy caverns of the grave, we know them not— except where the pride or friendship of survivors, rear¬ ing the faithful monument, hath marked the lodgment of the more distinguished dust. The resty the great unknown mass of nature's, zvrccky are buried and forgotten. No tombs point "out their humble clay—their graves un¬ marked save br*tke frfinuiqit iraft of brute-beast, that [ 4 J Invited by the waving herbage of the soil, oft visit the. prolific sod! Such is the difference made by man. Nature knows no distinction in the grave.—Heirs of mortality, descended from the same frail origin, with those who have preceded us, we too, my friends, must e're long, yield to the resistless power of death ; " What art thou, O thou great mysterious terror ! " The way to thee we know, diseases, famine, " Sword, fire, and all thy ever open gates, *' That day and night stand ready to receive us. ei But what's btyond them ? Who will draw that veil *c Yet death's not there—no, 'tis the point of time, " The verge 'twixt mortal and immortal being. *' It mocks our thought! on this side all is life, " And when we've reach'd it, in that very instant* " Tis past the thinking of !"—* Death is the analysis of our nature—the gran4 divorcement of the soul and body / this, materialy slue- gisby mortal, admits of decay and suffers corruption, Ihaty immateriuly a£livet immortal, is liable to no es¬ sential change, and can never be extinguisned t What a mystery is man ! mortal and immortal I The august heir apparent of endless life—and yet dying from his birth ! In existence beyond the grave, equal to a God—i but on this side, the humble pensioner of time ! ! To dying men> to expectants of immortal life, what can be so momentous, as constant preparations for this awful, certain, change of being. Assisted by human reason on¬ ly, the virtuous philosopher of Greece,* felt such strong convictions of a fuiure state of retributiony as in¬ fluenced every action of his life. And the Athenian legislator Solon has left honorable testimony of his fote- sight and his virtuey in this memorable precept found among his writings—" Keep thine eye fixed upon the end of life.** Reflections on the frailty and imperfection oi all human attainments, are friendly to the probationary state of man, and should be habitually cherished and indulged. To hold frequent converse with the King of terrors; to visit his gloomy mansions, and view his. * Fhocyat in th# Sieg« of ijlamatciii. + Socrates, who lived about 403 year* before Chritt. [ 5 } pale and ghastly victims, dispossessed of all Earth's riches, vanities and toys, save the napkin, the shroud and the pall, is equally the duty and the privilege of man. Here, sensuality striped of all her evanescent charms, ceases to ensnare ! Ambition, humbled at che folly of his false pretensions, drops his towering crest, and stands detected ! And even all captivating wealth, before whose golden altar, millions are 'daily seen to kneel in idolatrous adoration, here, looses all her gaudy trappings—her diamonds cease to glitter, and her gold is turned to brass ! In the language of inspiration, Yea verily, it is better to go to the house of mourning, than to the house of feasting, for that is the end of all men. Come, then, my fellow mortals, and view with me the grave of Lewis!—There closed in endless night, behold those eyes which once so emphatically bespoke the virtuous feelings of his ingenuous mind ! There stiff and motionless, that tongue, which hath so often entertained the jriendly circle, with chaste, familiar and instructive converse—which hath, with such suc¬ cess taught our youth the rudiments of science, and the all important principles of virtue—which from this sa¬ cred desk, hath often plead the cause oj God with man, and vindicated his most wise and holy laws, against the scoffs and cavils of the impious and profane ! There, in more than iron fetters bound, those hands, which have so frtquently met with ours, in the fond embrace of mutual friendship ! There, never to beat againa that heart, in which gra'itude, disinterested friendships and manlv sensicilty, ever cherished, rose to their des¬ tined station ! Alas the calls of friendship, and the tears of the distressed, move him now no more ! Eve¬ ry sense is frozen up! All the functions of animation are extinct—Lewis sleeps in death ! ! . Dark, and indeed, mysterious are the ways of Providence ! His counsels and designs, like his un¬ treated essence, are impenetrably veiled from mortal Yiew. Why the youn^, the virtuous, and the usefult are cut off from society in the midst of important la¬ bours ; and the aged, the vicious, and the worse than c 6 3 useless permitted to continue :s a question which finite investigation can never solve. But is it, there¬ fore, an impeachment of the attributes of deity ? JShall he arraign the wisdom or the goodness of his ?naker, whose weak and feeble view, can trace but a bare point, in that immeasursable line, which bounds the vast majes¬ tic plan, on which the Creator conducts the government of the world ! Let him rather bow in silent acquie¬ scence—and from the countless, indubitable evidences, which hourly press upon his senses, both of the wisdom and beneficence of his god, feel the fullest coviclion ; that although " clouds and darkness areround about him —rigteousness and judgment are the habitation of his throneAnd that these solemn and mysterions visi-> tations, are intended by infinite wisdom, ultimately to subserve the highest interests of mankind/ The good, we are taugh% are taken from the evil to come, while the vicious are made to feel, in the loss of their labour, the value of such men to society ; and are constrained to res- pecft religion, and those who practice its holy injun&ions. In the estimation of the royal preacher, (< a good name is better than precious ointment, and the day of death, than the day of ones birth." In paying this last tribute of respeft to the memo¬ ry of our departed friend, propriety demands that his chara&cr be traced from early life : for the real fea¬ tures of the mind, are always better discovered, by a careful inspection of the smaller and more circum¬ scribed transactions in life, than from a view of those which from their known publicity, are expeAed to attracft general observation. Mr. Thomas Lewis was a native of Waterbury, a small village in the state of Connecticut; who with a brother and sister composed his father's family. The first fifteen years of his life were spent in his native town, where he occasionally attended a neighboring school and assisted in tilling and cultivating his father's farm. This latter employment, which many men of weak heads and narrow views, would have been ashamed to acknowledge, the mind of Lewis loved to dwell on. C 7 ] That he had, at this early age, been at all useful, and that too in providing for the comfort and support of his father's household ; was to his feeling mind a gratify¬ ing reflection. And he has been often heard to say, that he esteemed it of no inconsiderable advantage to him, that he had been taught the art of plowing. Here Inay be discovered the first buddings ot that amiable disposition for usefulness, which afterwards so amply expanded itself in this our afflicted society. About the close of this period, manifesting a strong desire for the obtainment of a liberal education, his laudable inclination was indulged—and his father placed him with a neighboring minister : under whose instruction, the necessary preparations for collegiate ad¬ mission, were completed in little more than one half of the time, usually spent in such preparatory studies. Ia September 1794, Lewis became a member of Yale Col¬ lege. In this new character he is said, to have acquit¬ ted himself with much credit-—dilligtnce, application, and improvement, distinguishing him as a scholar, and as a youth, sobriety and morality with a respectful de¬ meanor to his superiors, and an obliging engaging de¬ portment to his equals. Having gone through the usual course of Educations in September 1798, he re¬ ceived the honours of the institution ; and from the threshhold of the college, stepped upon the busy stage of aRive life j expecting now to act his part. But what part ? was indeed, a momentous question. A question, \vhose solution was to fix that all important feature of the man> his charaEier. Born without the adscititious gifts of for tune, he was necessarily led to view a profes¬ sional life as intended for him, by the Almighty Disposer of men and circumstances. And as a man of candid and impartial judgment, it is to be presumed, that he viewed each of the learned professions, when conscious¬ ly discharged, as highly useful and respectable. But having long had a predileElion for the sacred desk, as involing in its duties the most interesting relations, be¬ tween the creature and his maker, he commenced " the ambussadour of god to man, to dispense the grand concerns ofjudgtnent and of mercy." [ 8 3 During the short period, in which his health per« initted him to preach, he received three pressing invi¬ tations to a permanent settlement ; which evince the high estimation in which his professional services were held. Pleased with the prospect of usefulness which now presented itself to his anxious mind, Mr. Lewis was on the eve o$ accepting that call> to which on seri¬ ous deliberation, duty appeared to diredl his choice-— when lo ! the all righteous Governor of the world, in his sovereign pleasure, thought fit to visit hirri with disease ! And an alarming hemorrhage of his lun ospetl of that untried world which fast opened to his fearless view ! His immortal part had long basked in the all quickening radiations of that il¬ lustrious star which was first seen to rise o'er Bethle¬ hem's unhallowed manger, ridiculed and scoffed at by' ki gs and princes as a gleaming meator j but worship¬ ed and adored by shepherds and the eastern magit as'the' promijed light from Heaven—of that uncreated Sun» i: » 3 which Jeemcti to Jet a while on Calvary's mount-, but which foon rose again, with renovated Jplcndour, and mounting marked a passage to the throne of God ! To his attending friends, he said, figh not for me, Jjhalljonn be happy—and, then, with extatick emphafis exclaimed, 0 peaceful Jleep ! and funk to rejl ! ! Such was the end of him we mourn ! Such the brilliant triumph of the dying chrijlian ! Although but in the morning of his days, having numbered only twenty-feven years, yet by virtues calender, Lewis was Jar advanced in life I Hail virtue ! immortal God¬ dess hail ! Sole friend of mortal man ! His only good that never leaves him! Thou, who travellest with him through the da; k and dreary vale of death, and soarest with him to the bright abodes above ! How amiable are thy votaries ! How vafl and incalculable thy re¬ wards ! ! In estimating the consequences of our friend's de¬ cease, our sorrows must be purely felfifh. It were worse than cruel to with him back, " to tread again the pain- ~ Jul road of life.''' The loss is wholly ours—and most of all, of you,, my young friends, who were under his im¬ mediate guidance and inftruElion. IVhat fhall 1 Jay to you ? To tell you that you have lost a friend, would be but to mock your feelings. Thefe have already testi¬ fied how much you valued your instructor as a friend. Shall I,, then, press you to a remembrance cf the precepts which he gave you ? and call upon you, to emulate his bright example ? This is a theme which claims the at¬ tention of the speaker, and that well befits your ear. You are now arrived at that time of life, when na¬ tural propensities are flrongeft, when pleafures attraft with mojl Juccessy and when the world feems moft calcu¬ lated to make you happy. Untutored hope, sketches the outlines of the pifture of human life ; inexperience, pleased with the fuppofed rejemblawe conjents that fan¬ cy should throw in her brilliant colourings ! But be¬ ware ! Like the ice castle of the north,* it may bejair * Splendid Caitle reiied with ice by the Emprcis of Ruuia, « c ta 3 and beautiful to look at, but will be found utterly uni Jafe to trull in ! It may amuse through the Spring fea- Jon of youth—but will ultimately p*~ove deceptive, and vani/b before the jlrong rays of reafon and experience ! It is of vafl importance, to your future happiness, thac you now make a proper ejlimate of human life. Difap¬ pointment is the natural inheritance of man. And he is mofl of a'11 difappoin'ed, who expels uniform pr^/per- ity ! Without looking, therefore, for unusual success in mature life, let it be your first and molt assiduous care to endeavor to deserve it. Like your departed friend and tutor, be studious and tradable ; em¬ bracing and improving every opportunity of becoming be ier informed, as well in the important principles of virtue, as in those of science : recollecting that on you^ piesent improvement, depend your future characters. Tkf. man, from whom Providence, had, in youth, withheld the opportunity of acquiring an education, may be thought unfortunate; but wiU never be deemed censurable for his deficiency. While ignorance in thofe whose whole time has been expended between the school, the academy and the college, is ever highly reprehensible ; and invariably provokes ridicule and contempt. ' ; To promote improvement in the various avocations of life, nothing is of more importance than regularity, Regularity engenders habit, and habit soon renders the most trkfome and unpalatable duties, pleafant. The re-* (•ularstudert, when his necessary hours of relaxation are pastj returns with pleafure to his books; because habit has rendered the perusal oi books one of his principal grat— ificuti.-ns. The virtuous man, long habituated to with¬ stand temptations, feels no inconvenience, at abandoning the most pleajurablepurfuit, when duty becons him away. 'Man, says a celebrated writer, is a bundle of habits. A c- co' dm^ly, we find him contractihg habits, in the earli¬ est jiages (f his infancy : ' which are either good or bad in exact conformity to the treatment of his nurse. The cradle or the chair, whu h is first used to rock him to repose, becomes the object of his fond attachment, and I '3 3 which, at the approach of sleep, he uniformly experts, and impatiently claims with sobs and with tears. The hours, at which he has been accusromed to receive his; nourishment, are also recollected; and with surprising re¬ gularity, he awakes from his sleep, and by signs intelligent to his nurse demands the grateful ftreams of infant support ; Advanced to childhood, his habits increase and strengthen. But when arived at your age, my young friends, they be¬ come numerous, and still grown stronger, require the utmost care and watchfulness to have them rightly and honourably formed. You have enjoyed in the precepts and examples of your worthy instructor, invaluable advantages. And it affords the speaker, the liveliest satisfaction to say, that you have most of you diligently improved them. Your last public examination, gave flattering proofs of your advancement in science; and your orderly condudl with¬ in, together with your general deportment without the walls of the Academy ; lead to the grateful belief, that the habits already formed, are of the reputable and vir¬ tuous class. These, it now behoves you, to cultivate and strengthen. Many of you will shortly exchange the academ- ick for the collegiate life. Removed far from the par¬ tial eye of parental friendfhipt nothing will so much a- vail you, in conciliating esteem, and drawing forth res¬ pect, as a regular application to the studies of your class; a prompt and respectful compliance with the rules and regulations, established for the government of the institution j and a scrupulous attention to the choice of companions. In the first two points of attention, from the habits already formed, it is presumable, you will not be found deficient. On the third, the choice of companions, as much circumspection should be ex¬ ercised, there may be some danger of your acting pre¬ maturely and incauiiously. While, therefore, you ob¬ serve a carriage respectfully civil and polite to all with¬ in the circle of your acquaintance, avoid forming an in¬ timacy with any, whose practices and habits are not of the most reputable kind. Man, and particularly in [ H ] youth, is fond of imitation ; and you will hardly be long attached to, or intimate with, an idle and vicious character, without finding your diligence insensibly re¬ laxing, and your firft disgust at his vices daily lessen¬ ing. And it is a melancholy fact, that those whose so¬ ciety is least to be coveted, are generally the firft to invite familiarity. But the very willingness of such to make you their bosom friends, is a strong evidence of their want of prudence, and ought to inspire you with suita¬ ble distrust. For had propriety marked their conduct towards you, they would have, at first, treated you on¬ ly with the respect and civility due to ftnngers ; and not sought to cultivate an intimacy under the fa red name of frrcndfbip, until by a developement of your characters something might be supposed to have ap¬ peared, calculated to attrad: it Collegiate life is a striking miniature of that with which the world will afterwards present you. Al¬ most all the paffions of the man, are here seen a<5tive and busy in the youlb. But emulation and envy are the most conspicuous—and are the only twi which will, now, be noticed. Emulation is a noble, generous emo¬ tion, tending diredtly to the advancement of individual, worth, by the most fair and honorable means : while Envy seeking through the bye paths of falsehood and detraction to raise its subject into undeserved notice„ never acquires for him, more than an ideal and transi¬ tory reputation. At the discovery of superiority in a ri¬ val, emulation may cause the cheek to flush> the eyes to drop, and the heart to assume a brisker motion—but these are rather the expressions of virtuous shame% than the- hateful feelings of envious resentment. The emulous youth ever aims at real superiority by assiduously endea¬ vouring to augment his stock of valuable information. But the envious is contented with a supposititious char- a5ler} indulging emotions of hatred and ill nature towards all who really are, what he only seems to be ! The former is never unhappy at the fame of others. The latter, is never gratified but when genius suffers or reputation sinks ! Avoiding envy, therefore as mean% n >5 3 -disingenuous and disgraceful—embrace emulation as tut, youthful Hercules, in whose strength, you are to sur¬ mount every opposing obstacle. Emulate not only the literary attainments, but also, the shining virtues of your deceased Preceptor.— While you are not asked, my young friends, to be Christians, merely because your falhers or your instruc¬ tors, may have been so before you, without the interven¬ tion of your own choice—It is earnestly hoped, that you will not suffer yourselves to become infidels from the Jacinating writings, and ingenious sophisms of scepti- cisniy before your reason and your judgment, fhall have acquired sufficient maturity, to detect tho. fallacy of its subtle arguments, and the absurd tendency of its doc¬ trines. What can be expected /rotn a sytem, however acutely and ingeniously reared, which rests upon a false foundation f What from that philosophical hypothesis, which resolving every thing into impressions and ideas, rejects the existence of both mind and matter, and proud¬ ly disclaims the very testimony of our senses, as only fit to amuse and mislead the vulgar ! Thus presumptious¬ ly levelling, at a single stroke, all distinction between' wisdom and folly, virtue and vice, truth and er. our I In the appropriate language of Cowper, " I feel my heart " Dissolve in pity, and account the learn'd^ " If this be learning, most of all decevied. " Defend us, therefore, common sense, I say " From reveries so airy, from the toil " Of dropping buckets into tmpty wells, And growing old in drawing nothing up." Your present opportunities, if duly appreciated and faithfully improved, will conduct to much respectabi¬ lity and happiness, in this transitory life j zndjhat which awaits you beyond the grave to an immortal crown I hat joy and transport would it afford your departed friend, to mee t you all on the right hand rf the throne of heaven^ on that great and awful day when God shall judge the world in righteousness I Methinks, at your C '6 3 approach, T see his anxious eyes sparkle *with [Celestial fire, and bis eager arms outstretched, to embrace and welcome you to those peaceful mami ns &f eternal rest f Would this be happiness ? Then hasten and prepare to Jneet the approaching criiis-—when the great arch-angel% 'veiled in clouded, majesty, shall descend from heaven* and resting upon the sea and upon the land, shall lift his hand and stvear by him who Lveth for ever and ever that time shall be no longer! When the last trump shall raise its mighty voice, and bid the sleeping nations of the earth awake to jud ment ! When et rnity shall fix the date of human happiness, and of human woe ! ! i