TWENTY - FOURTH ANNUAL REPORT OF THE COMBINED NORMAL AND INDUSTRIAL DEPARTMENT AT WILBERFORCE UNIVERSITY H : WILBERFORCE, OHIO, 1910-1911 SHORTER HALL, WILBERFORCE UNIVERSITY CARNEGIE LIBRARY, WILBERFORCE UNIVERSITY A CLASS IN MILLINERY, C. N. & I. DEPT. AT WILBERFORCE UNIVERSITY THE TWENTY-FOURTH ANNUAL REPORT OF THE COMBINED NORMAL AND INDUSTRIAL DEPARTMENT AT WILBERFORCE UNIVERSITY WILBERFORCE, OHIO 1910-1911 INDUSTRIAL STUDENT PRINTERS WlLBEBFORCE, OHIO, 1911 BOARD OF TRUSTEES On Part of State William A. Galloway, Xenia 1912 F. W. Johnson, Cincinnati 1912: E. C. Berry, Athens 191& Chase Stewart, Springfield 1910 W. M. Beacom, Cleveland 1915 On Part of Wilberforce University Charles Bundy, Cleveland 1914 Benjamin F. I^EE, Wilberforce 1912: W. A. Anderson, Wilberforce .....191?* 1 W. S. Scarborough, Wilberforce. ORGANIZATION Officers William A. Galloway, President Benjamin F. I^ee, Vice President Frank W. Johnson, Secretary Andrew S. Frazer, Treasurer Committees On Teachers : M. W. Beacom, E. C. Berry, W. A. Anderson On Discipline : W. S. Scarborough, B. F. L,ee, F. W.Johnson On Law & Contracts : B.F.Iyee, M.W.Beacom, Chase Stewart On Buildings & Grounds: E. C. Berry, B.F.L,ee, Chase Stewart On Finarice : F.W.Johnson, Charles Bundy, W.S.Scarborough On Industries : Charles Bundy, M.W-Beacom, F.W.Johnson Executive Committee: W.A.Galloway,W.A.Anderson,B.F.I,ee i Ex-Officio as President of Wilberforce University. 4 Annual Report FACULTY WilliamS. Scarborough, A.M., L,L,.D., Ph. D.,...President William A. Joiner, M.S., LJv-M., Superintendent Sarah C. Bierce Scarborough, M. Pd., Principal George T. Simpson Theory of Music and Voice Culture Charles H. Johnson Drawing and Art Work J. E« Ormes Commercial Course Charles S. Smith Shorthand and Typewriting Julia C. Gee .- Dressmaking and Plain Sewing Frederick A. McGinnis Printing Carpentry and Cabinet Work George R. Tompkins..Mechan'l Engineering and M. Draw'g Bessie v. Morris, Cooking Kathryn McRoberts Millinery William M. Hunnicutt Shoemaking and Repairing George E. Powers Blacksmithing Murray J. Marvin, Plumbing Mary A. Taylor Critic Teacher Martha E. Carter Matron, Arnett Hall Mildred Hopper Senior Hall Combined Normal & Industrial Department 5 AN ACT. S. B. No. 179. To Aid in the Establishment and maintenance of a Combined Normal & Industrial Department at Wilberforee University, Greene County, Ohio. Passed, March 19, 1887, (84, O. L. 127) amended, April 16, 1890, (87,0. L. 215), amended, April 18, 1892> ( 89 O. L. 368), also amended, April 21, 1896, (92, O. L. 275). Section 1. Be it enacted by the General Assembly of the State of Ohio, 'th^t there shall be established and maintained at Wilberforee University, in Greene County, Ohio a Combined Normal and Industrial Department. Section 2. To :arry out the purposes, of this act, there shall be and hereby Is cre¬ ated a board of nine trustees to be known as the Board of Trustees of the Combined Normal and Industrial Department at Wilberforee University, five shall be appointed by the Governor and with the consent of the Senate, and three shall be chosen by the Board of Trustees of said University. The President of the University shall be e»- officio a member of said Board. The trustees so to be appointed by the Governor as aforesaid shall be appointed on or before the first day of May, 1896, and they shall hold their offices respectively as follows: one for one year, two for two years anil two for four years, the term of such to begin to run from July r, 1896; said term shall be designated by the Governor in his message of appointment to the Senate and in the commission issued to said trustees; 11. the session of the Senate next preceding the expiration of the term of any trustee, the Governor shall appoint liis successor for tlJi! term of four years and every appointment of the Governor under this act shall be sub* mitted to the Senate for confirmation. Section 3. The three trustees to be chosen as aforesaid by the Board of trustees of said University shall be chosen at the first regular meeting of said Board in June, 1892, after the passage of this act; and the three so chosen at such meeting shall ihold their office, respectively, as follows: one for one year, one for two years and one for three years, the term of each to begin to run from the third Thursday in June, 189a. In anticipation of the expiration of term of any trustee so chosen, the said University Board shall annually thereafter it its regular meeting choose his successor; who sliall hold his office for (the) term of three years. Section 4. In case a vacancy in that portion of the Board so appointed by the Gov¬ ernor or chosen by the University Board shall occur from death, resignation or other cause, the appointment or selection to fill such vacancy shall be made in the one case by the Governor and in the other by the Executive Board of said University for the n»- expired term. Section 5. It shall be the duty of the Secretary of said University, immediately tipon choice being made by the University Board of three trustees as aforesaid, to cer¬ tify to the Governor, under the seal of said University, the names of the persons 8e chosen as trustees under this act, with their terms, respectively ; and also the name of the person chosen by the said Executive Board at any time to fill a vacancy. Section 6. The Bop.rd of Trustees created under this act shall meet in regular session at said University twice a year; the first meeting shall be on the third Thurs¬ day in June, and the second on the first Thursday in November of each year; but Other meetings may be held at such places and times as a majority of the Board may deter¬ mine. The said trustees shall receive no compensation but shall be reimbursed their traveling and other reasonable and necessary expenses out of the appropriations ma der ♦his act. 6 Annual Report y Section 7. It shall be the duty of the said Board of Trustees created und< t this act 4a take, keep and maintain exclusive authority, direction, supervision and control ov¬ er the operations and conduct of said Normal and Industrial Department, so as to as¬ sure for it the best attainable results with the aid hereby secured to it from the State. Said Board shall determine the branches of industry to be pursued, purchase, through ® suitable and disinterested agent, the necessary means and appliances, select a super¬ intendent for the industrial branch of the department fix his salary and prescribe his (duty and authority. The expenditures of all moneys appropriated under this act for ^Carrying out its purposes and provisions, shall be made only under such regulations and for such specific purposes not herein provided for, as the Hoard of Trustee.' of .said department shall establish but 110 money hereby appropriated by the State shall :be used at any time for any purpose not in direct furtherance and promotion of the objects of this department. Section 8. No sectarian influence, direction or interference in the management or conduct of the affairs or education of said department shall be permitted by its Board; £>ut its benefits shall be open to all applicants of good moral character and within the limitations of age determined by said Board. Section 9. Upon the certificate of the Board of Trustees of said Department that the necessary steps have been taken by the Board of Trustees of said University to co- •Operate with the Department Trustees in carrying out the purposes of this act by granting the use of its buildings, grounds and educational facilities, there shall be $>aid to the Treasurer of said Department, semi-annually, one-half of such amounts as may be annually appropriated by the General Assembly for the purposes therein named. The Treasurer of said Department shall give to the State of Ohio a bond to be approved by the Attorney-General in the sum of Twenty Thousand Dollars ($20000! ■■conditioned that he shall faithfully discharge his duties and account for any money -scorning into his hands from the State of Ohio. Section 10. The Board of Trustees shall cause to be made G7iOV irt nrst aay ,*}f December (1888) (and) each year thereafter, a report to the Governor of the condi- ^5,on, progress and results of said Department; with an estimate of what appropriation, asfaall be required to secure the object of this act. Section 11. Each Senator and Representative of the General Assembly of the Sitete of Ohio may designate one or more youth resident of his District who be entitled to attend the said Normal and Industrial Department free of tuition. LOCATION ««« THE COMBINED NORMAI, AND INDUSTRIAL DEPARTMENT at Wilberforce University, is situated in the village of Wilberforce, Greene County, Ohio, three m;ys northeast of the city of Xenia, and three-fourths of a mile north of Wilberforce Station ■aij the kittle Miama Division of the P. C. C. & St. I,. R. R. The grounds are among the -most picturesque in Southern Ohio, and for many years prior to the founding of the University, they were an attractive health resort, widely known because of numerous Mineral Springs, to which the Indians ga; 5 the name Ta-wa-wa, "The Sweet Waters." The location is an exceptionally beautifo? me md is free from influences which teru» to detiaci from student work. Combined Normal & Industrial Department 7 TRUSTEES' REPORT The Twenty-fourth Report of The Board of Trustees of the Combined Normal and Industrial Department at Wilberforce University, Wilberforce, Ohio. Governor Judson Harmon, Sir:—The Board of Trustees of the Combined Normal and Industrial Department, herewith submits its report of the 24th year of the Department. Two statutory meetings were held during the year, one on the 3rd Thursday in June, the other on the 1st Thursday in November. Called meetings have also been held as follows, January 12, April 21, May 19, May 26, and August 1. At the meeting in June the following- officers were elected for the ensuing year : William A. Galloway President Benjamin F. Lee .. Vice Piesident Frank W. Johnson Secretary Andrew S. Frazier Treasurer The following Standing Committees were appointed by the President: Teachers W. M. Beacom, E. C. Berry, W. A. Anderson, Discipline W- S. Scarborough. B. F. Lee, F. W. Johnson. Laws and Contracts B. F. Lee, M. W. Beacom, Chase Stewart Buildings and Grounds -E. C. Berry, B. F. Lee, Chase Stewart Finance F. W. Johnson, Charles Bundy, W. S. Scarborough Industries Charles Bundy, M. W. Beacom, F. W. Johnson. Executive W. A. Galloway, W. A. Anderson, B. F. Lee. The year ending Nov.15, 1911 has been one of gratifying results, both in the better quality of scholastic work accom- 8 Annual Report plished and in the betterment of material school conditions. Departments of the school have advanced in efficiency through careful supervision of Instructors, and by earnest work of the more advanced type of students present from secondary schools. These are attending in larger numbers than formerly, and it is desired to sustain their interest in their Department's work. By the Statute creating it, the school offers Normal and Industrial instruction to those of the youth of the State of Ohio, desiring either or both. For such students, tuition and room-rent including light and heat are provided free. Board is obtainable at a very low rate and the necessary expense of the school year is so reasonable as to place it within the reach of any young man or woman de¬ siring an education. The School is located 3 miles east of Xenia, is surrounded by educational and moral influences and all the essential elements which inspire good health, earnest scholarship and sound morals. Reports from the Superintendent, Principal and Instructors of the sub-departments are appended. These reports embrace such detail information of various courses of instruction and work as will be of service to those desiring more definite in¬ formation of the courses of instruction in the school's curric- lum. Expenditures of the funds appropriated by the last legis¬ lature for specific purposes, have been carefully made by the Superintendent under direction of Board Committees and results are apparent in the improving material condition of the building and grounds. The Board thanks you for your continuing interest in the School and its work and the Legislature for the means given, to efficiently continue the great and essential work entrusted 4x> its keeping. William A. Galloway Benjamin F. Lee Frank W. Johnson M. W. Beacom Charles Bundy E. C. Berry W. A. Anderson Chase Stewart W. S. Scarborough O'NEILL HALL, WILBERFORCE UNIVERSITY Combined Normal & Industrial Department 9 SUPERINTENDENT'S REPORT To the Board of Trustees Gentlemen : I herewith submit the Twenty - Fourth Annual Report of this department, being my second report to you, to¬ gether with reports from the various departments filed with this office. Were I to sum up the whole situation in the briefest pos¬ sible phrase, I should designate the condition as decidedly en- cour ageing. The generous response of the state through its legislators at their last session, made possible many much needed repairs, and our two principal dormitory buildings are now affording attractive and comfortable homes for an increasing student body, Advertising The office has taken up the problem of increasing our student body. To do this we have put into operation the methods recommended in our last report, viz. public advertising, personal talks and personal correspondence. In pursuance of this plan the office has sent out 1132 letters and about 400 catalogs and circulars of informaion. The effectiveness of this work is testified by the fact that out of 110 new students registered 85 had been in correspond¬ ence with this office and in a majority of the cases the office first had addressed the student. New Building This increase in the numbers would, under any circum¬ stances, have made necessary the occupation of our new Senior Dormitory. The completed two units of the building are occu¬ pied by the Senior Girls, under the care of Mrs.Hopper as matron. Work on the last unit is progressing rapidly and when com¬ plete it will no doubt make a model home. After much con- 10 Annuai, Report sideration it seems best to alter the original plan so as to locate the matron's office ( quarters ) on th£ first floor. The Architects estimate shows that such change started at this time will cost about $400.00 in addition to the original contract price; such a change will be more costly if made at later date, as there is a sufficient surplus in the appropriation, it is re¬ commended that said change be authorized. Grounds Before entering upon the general improvement of our grounds authorized by the appropriation for that purpose, it seems desirable to have a topographic survey and contour maps made with profiles to scale. Engineers have gone over the grounds and estimate that such a survey will cost about three dollars per acre. This seems a fair price and such survey and maps will be of great value to the institution. Faculty The personel of our teachers has been slightly changed by the appointment of Mr. George R. Tompkins, graduate of the school of Engineering, Cornell University, as instructor in Mechanical Drawing an/1 Engineering; Miss Mary A. Tay¬ lor, graduate of the School of Education, University of Chicago as critic teacher and Mr. G. E. Powers, instructor in Black- smithing, Permit me to renew a suggestion made some time since, that the theory of metal working, forging, temper¬ ing, etc. be taught with the machine work by the teacher of engineering, and the practice work be done in the shop under the direction of Mr. Powers. In the carpentry department we have not been able to se¬ cure the services of an instructor that we feel would be sat¬ isfactory. In order that the department might not stand -closed a temporary arrangement has been effected whereby Mr. Powers takes elementary machine work two days per week and on the same days Mr. Tompkins takes charge of the boj's in woodworking. It seems probable that such an ar¬ rangement will meet our needs temporarily or until we can secure a teacher of carpentry who shall be in line with our progressive movement. Combined Normal & Industrial Department 11 The teachers are all working diligently and seem deter¬ mined to make this year's work surpass that of previous years. How well a student does his work is often dependent upon the minimum preparation found to be acceptable to the class-room teacher; for this reason we are endeavoring to impress the fact that no student who is delinquent in his work may ex¬ pect to be certified at the close of the year. Curriculum The revised course of study is in effect as regards students entering the several courses, and will be moved forward from year to year till in full operation. We are looking hopefully forward to the time when the units of work in our school shall be so grouped that the student who can not spend the entire year in school but who is faithful and earnest, may have the accumulative value of his work and in due time accomplish the same result as his more fortunate brother who can remain in throughout the school year. Certification Because of frequent misunderstandings arising from a single class of certificates issued to all who complete an indus¬ try, regardless of their academic qualifications, the Superin¬ tendent and Faculty are of the opinion that two grades of certificates should issue; one for the simple fulfillment of the requirements of an industry and another which should show the holder competent to instruct in such industry, provided; that no one be given this second form of certificate unless he has taken certain correlated work in the teachers course; that is, no one be certified or recommended to teach who has not made professional preparation for teaching. Physical Education Lack of gymnasium facilities or an instructor in physical training leaves the student without systematic direction in this important branch of education. Volunteer sports and games supply this in part; but efforts managed wholly by the students, here as elsewhere, fail to reach those most in need of physical training either developemental or corrective. 12 Annual Report Military This organization is of great importance to the young" men, and deserves every encouragement. Besides inspiring a higher ideal of citizenship it lends much to the effectiveness of discipline by clarifying ideas of obedience, order and organ¬ ization and by developing habits of regularity. Conclusion In the annexed tables more detailed information is set forth, giving facts and statistics both educational and financial. Short reports from the several departments follow these. In conclusion permit me the acknowledgement of obliga¬ tion to the members of the Board of Trustees both individ¬ ually and collectively; also to the president and to faithful teachers and assistants without whose loyal support and co-operation, many efforts toward advancement must have proven futile. Respectfully, Wm. A. Joiner. 'Combined Normal & Industrial Department 13 PRINCIPAL'S REPORT To the Board of Trustees. Gentlemen: I herewith submit the 24th Report relating to the Nor¬ mal work of this Department for the school year. Several changes for which we have been gradually preparing, have been successfully made. For the previous Normal four year's course there is now substituted a Normal Preparatory Course of three years, followed by a Teachers' Course of two years. The former is designed to prepare the student for the latter, and to afford opportunity for the completion of studies required for entrance into and graduation from other courses in the C. N. & I. Department, The studies are nearly all pursued in the Academic part of the University. They give fourteen units of work out of the fifteen High School units which the student is required to present to enter the Teachers' Course. The remaining unit is allowed to be made up in the higher course. Manual Training in the form of some indus¬ try is required. Teachers' Course The Teachers' Course is composed chiefly of professional studies, and aims to give thorough drill in preparing the teach¬ er to meet the educational demands of the times. The Course is planned upon the lines of similar courses in other Ohio State Normal Schools and makes similar requirements for entrance and graduation—15 units of preparatory work and 98 credit hours of work in the course. The Junior students' course covers a year of work in General and Applied Psychol¬ ogy; reviews Grammar and Rhetoric and surveys the field of American and English Literature for teaching material; re¬ views Geography, and studies Home Geography with a term and a half in Physiography; reviews, studies and discusses American History material and does similar work in Arith- 14 Annual Report metic; follows a course in Music, Physical Culture and Draw¬ ing along teaching lines. Manual training is required here in both Junior or Senior year, unless three years have been pre¬ viously given to it, when Bookkeeping or Typewriting may be elected. In the Senior year, Agricultural education, as taught in public schools is given attention together with. School Hygiene and Sanitation. History of Education has been lengthened so as to afford an added term for study of educat¬ ional classics. Methods of teaching the elementary subjects are thoroughly presented, also the subject of School Organi¬ zation and Management. Blackboard drawing is made a feat¬ ure of the work. A term in public speaking has been added for our Seniors. This, with Physical Culture is under Miss Hallie Q. Brown. Practice School Our Practice work has been strengthened by obtaining the entire work of the 7th and 8th grades in English Preparatory classes. Here we have 48 pupils. These are now segregated in two school rooms under the care of both the Principal and a critic teacher. Such a teacher has been employed this year in the person of Miss Mary A. Taylor, a graduate of the School of Education of Chicago University. She also assists in method work. This arrangement for a special critic teach¬ er in the line of general enlargement of the course is already showing results, in better order, less idleness, and better scholarship, while affording the seniors increased facilities for observation and practice. The reseating of the Practice school rooms has given us better facilities for our enlargement. New maps and globes, a reflectoscope and an increased number of books in our ped¬ agogical library are needed additions to our equipment. Entrance Requirements The student who comes to us may thus get in the English work the necessary foundation for High School work, and the pupil who has passed the Boxwell-Patterson examination can enter upon such work in our Normal Preparatory. Any gra¬ duate from a High School of first grade can prepare for the Combined Normal & Industrial Department 1'5 teacher's diploma in two years, while any teacher with exper¬ ience who holds a certificate and who possesses ability may also enter the Teacher's course, but cannot graduate until the entrance requirements are fulfilled. Normal Student Body The student body this year is an exceptional one in; both quality and quantity. The number already enrolled surpass¬ es the entire enrollment of last year which was 106. We have now 113 in the two courses; 75 in the Normal Preparatory and 38 in the Teacher's Course-. An unusually large number of High School graduates entered the Junior year Teacher's Course. Under our new course, the entire number entering another year will have had such preparation. . We have also pupils enrolled in certain Normal classes who are doing literary work required in the respective indus¬ tries pursued by them. Thus both the Normal and English Preparatory serve the industrial student as well as the one pursuing literary lines as the major work. Graduates Our graduating class on last June numbered 15. Of these, eleven are now teaching and one is studying further to become a teacher of music. Our thanks are due all who have contributed assistance and support in putting into successful operation the plans for the enlarged Normal work. We feel that our students can now be more fully and properly prepared for the effective ser¬ vice upon which we expect them to enter after graduation. Respectfully submitted, S. C. B. Scarborough, Principal Normal Department. 16 Annual Report COMMERCIAL DEPARTMENT Economic and Business demands on every succeeding generation are greater than on that which preceeded it, and every generation lives on a higher plane than that of its pre¬ decessor. The young man or woman who fails to prepare for these changes in the business and economic world must be left behind. The Commercial Course was organized to enable men and women to meet these changes, and to equip students to take positions as private secretaries, law clerks, government em¬ ployes, and amanuenses in the various business houses through¬ out the land. This course covers a period of two years and is the combination of the two courses, bookeeping and shorthand with their allied branches. Students presenting diplomas from High Schools, may be admitted to the regular work in the Commercial Department upon entering school. Eight units of secondary work is the minimum entrance requirement. Before a student is graduated from either bookkeeping or shorthand, all the work of these courses must be satisfactorily done as prescribed by the school,as the department recom¬ mends only those students to the business community whose work and ability have been efficiently proven in the school room. The scope of work embraces Shorthand, Touch Type¬ writing, Business Spelling, Bookkeeping / and Accounting, Commercial Law, Commercial Correspondence, Salesmanship, Modern Advertising, Banking, Commercial Geography and History, Finance and History of Finance, Political Economy, Modern Tabulating and Office Work. Synopsis of Course of Study Shorthand & Typewriting Shorthand Typewriting Commercial Law first term First Year second term Shorthand Typewriting Commercial Law Shorthand Typewriting Salesmanship third term THE STUDENTS' BANK, C.N. & I. DEPT. AT WILBERFORCE UNIVERSITY Combined Normal & Industrial Department 17 Second Year FIRST TERM SECOND TERM , THIRD TERM Shorthand Shorthand Shorthand Typewriting Typewriting Typewriting Commercial Cor. International Law Modern Advertising Synopsis of Course of Study Accounting Business Practice First Year FIRST TERM SECOND TERM THIRD TERM Accounting * Accounting Accounting Commercial Geog. Commercial Geog. Commercial Geog. Commercial Hist. Commercial History Second Year FIRST TERM SECOND TERM THIRD TERM Accounting Accounting Accounting Political Economy History of Finance Modern Finance The department is fairly well equipped. There is needed, however a multigraph, and a more complete reference li¬ brary, and the "Arrow" Envelograph. There is a large demand for thoroughly qualified stenog¬ raphers, bookkeepers and commercial teachers, and frequent¬ ly the demand on this department is greater than the supply. The department takes great pleasure in aiding its graduates in securing good positions, and to-day graduates from this school are holding responsible positions in the Civil Service, and in some of the larger business firms, schools and banks in the southern section of the country. Among the schools which place yearly calls for graduates, Tuskegeeand Hampton are foremost. The Navy Department at Brooklyn, N. Y., the Emigrant Department at Pittsburg, the Legal Department at Washington,are branches of the Gov- erment Service in which graduates are serving at salaries as high as $1500 per aunum. Graduates, who, upon entering had no specific means of earning a livelihood, take positions ranging from $400 to$1500 per annum. Chas .S.Smith J.E. Ormbs Instructor in Shorthand Instructor in Accounting & & Typewriting Business Practice 18 Annual Report DRAWING C& NORMAL COURSE IN ART COURSE OF STUDY First Year—School of Practice: Free hand drawing from type solids, still life, ambidext¬ rous drawing from dictation, simple designing with straight lines. Second Year—School of Practice : Free hand drawing, common objects, still life, convent¬ ional work from nature, designing—with straight and curved lines. First Year—Normal Preparatory: Free hand drawing, original designing, black board de¬ signing, water-coloring, developing scales. Second Year—Normal Preparatory: Color in flat wash, applied designing, working out of practical problems as title pages, wall paper, rugs, stories il¬ lustrated. Constructive work, rattan, raffia, clay modeling. First Year—Normal: Sketch work applied designing, continued constructive work. b. Historic ornament, brief talks on History of Art, lives of great artists, c. Psychology of drawing in child training. Application of drawing in grade work. Black-board work, training in chalk and outline, teachers' needs. Advanced Work: Drawing from casts, sketching and painting from nature, portraits modeling, modeling from casts. This course is giving instruction to 173 stndents. C. H. Johnson, Instructor Combined Normal & Industrial Department 19 PRINTING DEPARTMENT The course in Printing covers three years. Three afternoons of 2% hours each, per week, during the first and third years, and two afternoons of 2 % hours each, per week, during the second year, constitutes the required time for the completion of the course; of this time, two or three one-hour periods per week are given to the study of punctuation, proofreading, est¬ imation, office management, processes, materials and equip¬ ment. At other times lectures on the allied industries are given. Second and third year students spend extra time in helping with the printing for the institution. Jobs are set from pre¬ liminary sketches and designs; the rules for correct composition, imposition and makeup, are worked out in actual practice and a knowledge of presswork is gained by the actual doing of the work under supervision. As a branch of manual training, the aim is to supplement the literary work at every possible point and give the student a sufficiently practical knowledge of the art, to enable him to operate and manage a small office. Jobs of all kinds are done; ranging in difficulty, from the simplest to the most difficult; and in size, from the visiting card to the university catalogue of nearly 200 pages also all printed matter for the institution is done at a minimum cost. The equipment consist of two Chandler and Price Gordeo job presses, one Cranston newspaper press, one wire-stitcher, paper-cutter and one hand perforator; together with a sufficient supply of body and job types and such cabinets and receptacles as are required for storing and arranging the same. Our Cranston Newspaper Press, should be replaced by a- modern two-revolution cylinder press, and we are greatly in need of a folding machine. We are also seriously in need of more working room ; our type supplies, machinery and a large part of our paper stock being crowded into less than a thousand: square feet of floor-space, with no available space that maybe utilized to advantage,for drying, folding and collating purposes. 20 Annual Report At present we are utilizing a room in the basement of Galloway Hall for recitation purposes; which is inconvenient because of its distance from the press-composing room. We are in need of a separate composing-room, a stock room and a room for recitation purposes, in addition to the room we now occupy. There are at present 14 students in the printing class ; 8 first year, 3 second-year and 3 third-year students. 11 of these are state students and 3 come from other states. First Year FALL TERM COURSE OF STUDY WINTER TERM SPRING TERM Compositors Tools Composition for Accu- Composition for and their use racy Speed Care of Presses Platen Press Feeding Parts of Cylinder Press The Simple Sentence Complex and Compound Exercises in Punctua- Sentences ation Second Year Composition from Pen and Ink Sketches Cylinder Press Feeding Pen and Ink Sketches Imposing Four&Eight Pages, Work &Turn Kinds of Type Face Proof Reading Paper Cutting Third Year Job Composition Color Press Work and half Tone Color Harmony General Imposition Estimating Cost of Small Jobs Papers Office Management Tabular Composition Cylinder Press Half tone Cuts Space Shape and Tone Harmony Imposing Sixteen Pages Work &Turn. News Paper Forms Adaptability of Type Fa¬ ces to Various Kinds of Printing Proof Reading Wire Stitching Job Composition Cylinder Press Half Tone Cuts Making Dummies Inner & Outer Forms Adaptability of Type Faces to Printing Proof Reading Book Binding Advertisement Compo¬ sition Color Press Work and Half Tone Color Harmony General Imposition Estimates on News¬ paper & Book printing Inks Essays Frederick A. McGinnts, Instructor Color Forms General Press Work Color Harmony General Imposition Cost Systems Equipments The Art of Printing Lectures Combined Normal & Industrial Department 21 MECHANICAL DEPARTMENT This course in Mechanical Engineering is an elementary course covering three years and is divided into three branches as follows, Shop work, Drawing room work and the Class room woik. The student spends his first two terms in the Carpenter shop where he is taught pattern making ; the next two terms are spent in the Blacksmith shop where he is given instruct¬ ions in forging, welding and tool-dressing the remaining five terms are spent in the Machine shop where he becomes famil¬ iar with the operation and construction of the more common machine tools used in metal working. The student is also taught here the principles of manufacture. The work in the draughting room is taken during the entire three years and is very closely related to the work in the shops. During the first year simple geometrical problems and problems in isometric projection are taken. The second year copies are made of standard shop drawings, sketching machine parts, tracing and blueprinting for the shops. The third year is spent in machine designing. Work in the class room consists of lectures and the - solu¬ tion of engineering problems of the simpler kind. Here the theory of steam, gas and electrical machinery is taught by text and demonstrations. The shops also offer a special course to students who de¬ sire to spend the major portion of their time learning a trade. This is really a three year apprenticeship under a skilled in¬ structor with class room instruction in the correlated subjects i. e. the mathematics and drawing essential to the trade selected. During the first year the trade students are given a care¬ fully graded set of exercises to perform which in their execut¬ ion will bring into use all the different clases of tools used in that trade. As soon as the student has become familiar with his tools and has attained a fair degree of skill in handling them he is given such commercial work as his skill will warrant. The second and third years are spent entirely on practical work. 22 Annual Report Course of study—Mechanical Engineering FIRST YEAR FALL TERM Mechanical Drawing Joinery Trigonometry Physics Chemistry WINTER TERM Mechanical Drawing Pattern Making Trigonometry Physics Chemistry SPRING TERM Mechanical Drawing Forging & Welding Shop Practice, Lect. Physics Chemistry SECOND YEAR Drawing, Copy & Tracings Tool Dressing Steam Engines Electricity, Static Mechanics Sketching & Blue Detail Assembly Printing Bench work, Machine Bench Work, Mach. Shop Steam Engines Steam Boilers Electric Current Electric Current Mechanics Mechanism THIRD YEAR Machine Design Machine Shop Hydraulics Heating & Ventilating Direct Current Elect¬ ric Machine Machine Design Machine Shop Hydraulics Gas Engines A. C. Electrical Mach. Machine Design Machine Shop Hydraulic Motors Gas Engines Electric Transmission Lines FIRST YEAR Chipping & Filing Mechanical Drawing Mathematics Machine Tools, Lect. Trades Mechanics Chipping & Filing, Drill Press Mechanical Drawing Mathematics St. Turning Cast Iron Mechanical Drawing Mathematics SECOND YEAR Lathe work, W. Iron Work on Shaper & Shaper & Planer & Steel Planer Shop Drawings Shop Drawing Shop Drawing Materials, Lect. THIRD YEAR Tool Room Laying out Work Laying Out Work for the Shop Combined Normal & Industrial Department 23 CARPENTRY first year Planing & Squaring Cabinet Making, Carpentry, Roof Fram- Making the Common Wood Turning ing, Stair Building Joints Mechanical Drawing Mechanical Drawing Mechanical Drawing Woods and Their Uses EQUIPMENT—The Carpenter shop occupies half of the ground floor and the entire upper floor of a two story brick building. The shop is equipped with 10 manual training ben¬ ches each containing a set of tools for general use. For mill work the shop has a 24-in. planer, one rip saw, one universal wood worker, one sander, one mortiser, one shaper, one ten¬ oning machine, one lathe and a band saw. Power for driving the machinery is furnished by electric motors. The Machine shop located in the basement of Galloway Hall is a well lighted room containing three engine lathes, a shaper, planer and power hack saw. There are also two drill presses and five vises. For sharpening the tools there is a pair of emery wheels and a grind stone- The tool room is fair¬ ly well equiped with the small tools that are usually found in such a place. The Draughting room is well equipped with adjustable desks, boards and filing cabinets. Each student is supplied with a good set of instruments. The room will accomodate a class of fifteen. NEEDS—Carpenter shop needs a new mortiser. The Machine shop needs a universal milling machine and a universal grinder. With our present equipment we can do no gear cutting nor can we make any of the more accurate tools because they all depend on the milling machine and grinder if they are to be machined. This Department needs a room in which to hold recita¬ tions and lectures. G. R. TOMPKINS, Instructor 24 Annual Report SEWING DEPARTMENT The work is divided into two parts, dress making- and plain sewing. The course in each has been planned to impress on the student the value of order, accuracy in sewing, economy in cutting, the art of buying various kinds and qualities of materials and trimmings suited to the different types of figures The aim of the department is to fit young women to meet the increasing demand for trained teachers and also prepare them to become practical dressmakers. The department offers a three year course, but it may be completed in less time if the student has the ability to do so. There are at present 119 students registered in this dep¬ artment. The equipment for the department consists of 18 sewing machines; 8 tables; 60 chairs; 2 lockers; skirt marker; drafting paper; rulers ten dress forms two mirrors; two screens; gas plates and irons. The scope of the work embraced in the 3 years course is as follow: COURSE OF STUDY First Year FIRST TERM WINTER TERM SPRING TERM Basting, Overcasting Felling, Gathering Matching Laces & Turning Hems & Hem-Blind Stitching- Embroidery ing Putting in Gussets Darning & Patching Lectures on Needles, Making Eyelets, Blind Hemstitching, Aprons Thimbles and Pins Loops, Button Holes & Fancy Handerchiefs Lect. on Buttons, Scis- Talks on Emery sors, Emery & Thread Second Year Sewing Machines & Drafting, Cutting & Drafting, Cutting & their Operation Making Fancy Under Making Plain & Fancy Drafting Cutting and Wear Corsest Covers Making Short Skirts & Darning Pillow Tops Drafting Night Dress- Drawers. Taking mea- Lect. Wool & Its Mfg es & Sleeves sures Making Night Dresses Lect. "Cotton & Jt 8 & Shirt Waists Mfg.'' Talks on Flax & Linena Plain & Fancy Aprons Combined Normal & Industrial Department 25 Third Year* Drafting & Cutting Plain F lare Skirts from Measure Making & trimming Skirts Cutting Shirt Waists Sleeves from Study Form Porportion Drafting, Cutting & in Relation to Draping Basting Waist Lining & Trimming Methods of F inishing Drafting & Cutting Seams Arranging for Plaited & Tucked Skirts Hooks & Eyes - Basting, Fitting & Boning Waists Patterns Choice of Ma-Making Skirts, Making Cutting &_Making terials for House & Dressing Jackets & Shirred Shirts Street Wear Wrappers, Practice in Suit Making the use of Colors Julia C. Gee, Instructor MILLINERY DEPARTMENT The year closed in June with 35 student enrolled in this Department ; 14 of this number were granted certificates. At present there are enrolled for this year 26, but this number is rapidly increasing. - The course had been enlarged from one year to two years thereby giving the student more thorough knowledge of the work both from a business stand point and that of a teacher. The second year students are organized and carry on bus¬ iness as if in a store; a special course is mapped out for public school work. Course of Study First Year fall term winter term Drafting Patterns on Making Wire Frames Geometrical Principles Covering Frames Making Buckram Frames Cutting Materials spring term Making Binds & Fold Shirrings & Folds Sewing Straw Hats Childrens Millinery Second Year Mounting Millinery Plaitings Ruches & Lace Trimmings Simple Bow Making Making Ribbons & Silk Array & Renovating F lowers Materials Stock Taking Starting a Millinery Careful Packing Business Special Designing Making use of Bor¬ deaux Drawing Hats Studying Color & Form- Combinations Of the students that received certificates from this depart¬ ment last year 2 are teaching in Normal Schools, 1 in public school, 4 have millineries of their own and 3 are teaching lit¬ erary subjects in public schools. K. G. McRoberts, Instructor 26 Annuax Report COOKING DEPARTMENT The Course in Cooking requires three years of work for students who have completed a High School course or its equivalent. Four and one half hours of work are required each week. Practical work in connection with the theoretical is carried out, advancing by easy stages from the simple to the complex. Each class has one lecture period per week and laboratory work. COURSE OF STUDY First Year FALL TERM WINTER TERM SPRING TERM Care of Kitchen Preparing Starchy Preparing Inexpensive Combustion and Fire Foods Cereals and and Attractive Food Building Vegetables General Classification of Food Second Year Canning Protides : Eggs, Milk Plain Cakes and its Products; Leg- Fats and Oils Cereals umes. Bread Fer- Pastry; Salads Leavening Agents mentedandUnfermen-Wheat and its Products ted. Third Year Preserving Dietary Standards Fermentation and Fancy Cakes Frozen Mixtures Sterilization Methods of Refriger- Microscopic Work Methods of Adultera- ation. Beverages tion Preparing and Serving Methods of Marketing Effect of Heat on Breakfasts, Dinners Foods and Luncheons with a Cost Limit Lectures Given Throughout the Course The Kitchen is in the basement and is fairly equipped. Fifteen desks with individual hot plates and utensils afford room for the class, Valuable books of reference are provided in the department also Government Bulletins and Magazines pertaining to the work. The Graduates of this department have found lucrative positions. Three of last years' class are teaching; one work¬ ing in an exchange and three carrying out the principles taught them in their own homes. The classes average 20 students this year. Bessie V. Morris, Instructor Combined Normal, & Industrial Department 27 PLUMBING DEPARTMENT The Plumbing Shop maintains a model six-room building wherein complete working outfits have been installed consist¬ ing of bath room, kitchen and laundry fixtures. There are also four steel top benches with twenty-four gas-heating soldering pots. These benches are used for lead work and joint wiping. There are two vise benches equipped with vises, cutters, stock and dies etc., which are used to carry on the numerous repair jobs. The tool room is under the supervision of a student who has complete charge of the issuing of all tools, The stock room contains a carefully selected line of stand¬ ard supplies such as iron, lead, and brass pipe, soil pipe and fittings, traps, valves, pumps and a complete line of the different fixtures. Course of Study" First Year Fall Term winter term spring term Names & use of Tools Making Hot & Cold Gas Connections for Stock Room Practice Water to Ranges Simple Water Pepair Connections for Domes- Gas Piping for Light Jobs tic Purposes Placing on Bibs, Well Reparing Toilet Tanks and Cistern Pumps Unstopping Sink and Toilets Second Year Lead Pipe Work and Wiping Round, Up¬ right Branch Joints in f ■ to 1£ ■ Pipe All Bench Work Repairing Valves Uses of Force Pump & "Plumbers Friend" Radiator Connections Wiping Joints in 1 £" to 2 n Pipe 1 " Boiler Connections Ferrules § n to 2 * All Joints to be Wiped on the Floor Third Year Installing Kitchen Outfit with Lead Water Pipes Waste and Vents Instailing Kitchen Outfit with Cast Iron Wastes ahd Galvan Installing Bath Room Outfis Using Crown Vent & Non Syphon Traps The Duhram System Installation Using the ^ ^ "Fruin & Walker" ized°Iron Water Pipes System of Fittings Hot Water Heaters & Laundry Traps & Heat Mixing Valve&ItsUsea Gas Piping for Boiler Gas Meters Use of Gas Proving Pump & Mercury Gauge Wiping 4 * Joints Wiping Seams in Lead Tanks Lining Tanks with sheet Lead Lead Bath Room Con¬ nections General Plumbing by All System Blue Print Work Estimating Cost & Purchasing Materials Laying Out Sewage Systems Study of the University Water, Heating & Sewage Disposal Plant 28 Annual Report Text "Starbucks Plumbing Questions & Answers" There are eleven students taking the caurse in Plumbing this year. Murray Joseph Marvin, Instructor. BLACKSMITHXNG DEPARTMENT The department was not opened till Oct. 1st, 1911, about two weeks later than the other departments of the school. Three students reported for work at once others reported later and the department is now giving instruction to eight partial course students and four in general blacksmithing., The enthusiam in the class is high and the progress made up to this time is satisfactory. The Course of Study is as follows : First Year FALL TERM Course of Study WINTER TERM SPRING TERM Care of Fires & Forge Squareing & Twisting Upsetting Tools & 1 heir Uses Bending & Twisting Welding Iron Striking with Sledge Lest. Iron Manufacture Chain Making Second Year" Workipg Mild Steel Working Tool Steel Tire Cutting Steel Welding Tool Forging Tool Tempering Iron Steel Welds Lect. Mfg. of Steel Working High Carbon Steels Self Hardening Steels Spring Making & Tempering Care and Operation of a General Blacksmith Shop Thesis Third Year Horse Shoeing Estimating Cost Anatomy of the Hoof Plow Points Wheelwrighting Wagon & Carriage Tire Setting Bodies Carriage Painting The outside work we are permitted to take gives to the student an opportunity for such practice as will be of most- advantage to him in real life. Geo, E. Powers, Instructor Combined Normal & Industrial Department 29 SHOEMAKING DEPARTMENT The school year J 910-1911 closed on the 15th of June with promise and encouragement. The Course covers three years. The students therefore have ample time and sufficient practice to gain not merely a theoretical but also a practical and thorough knowledge of the trade. All the students attended throughout the year ^nd, on a whole, the interest manifested was satisfactory. Course of Study "First Year fall term Making Waxed Ends Preparing & putting •on Patches Tools and Their Use 'Second Year Rounding Up Insoles Lasting Finishing an ordinary pegged shoe winter term Pegging or Nailing Half Soles Setting up Edges Leveling & Building up Heels Punching & Putting in Eyelets & Hooks Treeing Off Work spring term Cutting Channels by Hand Half Soling Single & Double Sole Sewed Finishing High Grade Work Preparing Work for Machines Putting Stock in Case for Work Practice on New Work Sewing on Welts Stitch- Sorts & Uses of Leath- ing on Buttons ers for Patching & Building New Heels Half Soling Setting Up Edges & Finishing off New Work Third Year Taking Measurements Care&Use of Machines General Shoemaking& Drafting & Cutting Numbers & Sizes of Repairing Patterns by Measurs- Needles & Awls ments Setting Needles and Directing & Fitting Adjusting Machines Work on Machines Lasts for Work This Department is fully equipped with power, machin¬ ery bench tools for the manufacture and the repair of shoes,. During the year, one large Fleming's Sewing machine was installed, which was a desirable addition to the machinery. vvm. hunnicutt, Instructor 30 Annual Report MUSIC The theory of music and voice culture course covers three years. The first and second years are devoted to notation, the third year is devoted to public school music methods, musical history, harmony and ear-training and special voice culture for the benefit of those who are being graduated from the teachers course. Those completing this course are enabled to super¬ vise or work under a supervisor. The following organizations exist for the development of student in this department: a chorus choir, two glee clubs, one male and the other female, a male quartette and a female sextette. The enrollment for the department is 190. Those enroll¬ ed in the first year number 104, those in the second year, 75, and those in the third year, 11. The largest class numbers 55. Two recitation periods per week of forty-five minutes each, are given to each class. George T. Simpson, Instructor Combined Normai, & Industrial Department 31 TABLE A.—ENROLLMENT BY DEPARTMENTS Teachers Course 39 Commercial 50 Sewing 117 Cooking 27. Millinery 35 Carpentry 11 Printing 14 Plumbing 11 Shoemaking 10 Machine Shop 8 Blacksmithing ( part course ) 8 General Blacksmithing ' 4 Mechanical Drawing 15 Free hand drawing 171 Music 168 Practice school 47 Total class enrollment 744 Deducting for those registered in more than one Dept 454 Net enrollment 290 Note: Literary classes are taught in Wilberfcrce Univer¬ sity and are not accounted for in this class enrollment. 32 Annual Report Dec. Nov. 9, 14, 14, 23, 23, 23, 23, 23, 23, 23, 23, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 5, 5, 5, 28, May 31, 31, 21, June 21, 21, 21, 21, 21, Jan. Feb. Apr. FINANCIAL STATEMENT Taken from Treasurer's Report RECEIPTS 1910. Balance . State Treas 1911. 5 68.48 95.00 224.30 1218.69 56.04 62.88 8.50 1085.12 521.06 183.06 1490.49 129.83 504.37 1649.81 1372 01 110.97 476.54 1549.91 364.98 115.95 2360.03 34.54 1543.70 982.98 14.05 31.37 129.28 500.00 24.92 30.10 89.79 1183.33 1778.33 1540.83 252.21 203.68 1280.95 1544.02 3511.84 6f0.15 102.8fr Combined Normal & Industrial Department 33 June 21, State Treas 1530.83 July 26, " 844.41 26, " 310.67 26, " 71.50 26, " 1991.10 26, " 1328.51 26, " 507.26 26, " 622.81 Aug. 23, " 698.60 23, " 129.33 23, " 2990.94 23, " 38.44 23, " 379.16 23, " 1145.24 Sept. 26, " 684.31 26, " 307.50 26, " 168.28 26, " 249.25 26, " 11.00 26, " 583.21 26, 11 So ft £*S Material & Labor Nov. 153.11 19.45 67.09 187.50 14.45 441.60 15.90 418.75 370.50 805.15 16.4% 1343.-33 455,89 748.53 2547.75 51.9% 482.80 . 631.87 1114.67 22.7% Dec. i 80.92 10.85 9.10 187.50 19.38 307.75 7.5 112.41 351.71 351.45 815.57 19.5% 1343.33 457.12 608.79 2409.24 56.6% 229.90 481.07 710.97 16.7% Jan. 37.62 20.55 127.75 187.50 19.38 386.68 8.79% 179.50 517.41 456.15 1153.06 26. % 1343.33 592.13 774.95 2710.41 61.19% 36.92 138.34 175.26 4. % Feb. 25.47 15.45 26.60 187.50 18.65 273.67 8.47% 16.08 331.29 383.40 730.77 22.7% 1343.33 76.24 148.09 1567.66 48.5% 24.92 129.28 154.20 4.67% 500.00 15.51% Mar. 49.95 14.90 34.45 187.50 9.87 296.67 9.4%: 13.43 347.55 395.85 756.83 23.9% 1343.33 391.77 1735.10 54.1% 217.83 162.24 380.00 12.% April Total 4907.17 4243.53 4425.41 3262.301 3168.67 3824.33 2946.33 3728.45 5676.26 5381*. 71 67.78 11.35 52.75 187.50 17.83 337.21 8.8% 121.06 391.28 432.45 944.79 24.7% 1343.33 269.16 347.17 1959.66 51.1% 333.20 249.47 582.67 15.2% May 48.40 16.70 2.95 187.50 1.85 June 257.40 8.7% 42.81 487.18 272.40 802.39 27.2% 1393.33 182.23 9.28 1584.84 53.5% 217.41 84.29 301.70 10.2% $ 127.29 22.22 109.78 187.50 21.33 468.12 12.6% 174.64 522.61 193.80 891.05 23.9% 1393.33 288.11 279.43 1960.87 52.5% 209.68 198.73 408.41 10.9% July 66.98 16.70 79.85 187.50 11.54 362.57 6.3?i 120.62 491.40 162.90 774.92 13.5% 221.66 948.88 938.71 2109.25 37.1% 918.37 381.08 1299.45 23.9% 507.26 8.9% 622.81 10.9% 50.13 36.74 32.55 187.50 8.65 315.57 5.8% 51.74 684.50 109.80 846.04 15.59 241.60 366.40 1818.73 2426.73 45.1% 243.02 976.88 1219.90 22.3% 573.47 10.5% Sept. $ 65.97 23.65 11.00 187.50 13.80 301.92 7.5% 71.28 437.40 119.85 628.53 15.6% 1336.66 266.36 51.14 1654.16 41.6% 382.89 249.25 632.14 15.7% 245.17 6.1% 545.55 13.6% 4007.47 Grand Total $50255.79 * Not included in Treasurer's Financial Statement. TABLE B—RECEIPTS Giving in classified form receipts not drawn from Treasury November 1, 1910 to Nov. 1, 1911 Totals Balance in hand November 1, 1910. 377.85 In Office of Secretary and not included in report 19.25 Total Balance Nov. 1 397.10 RECEIPTS FROM STUDENTS. 1st Term 2nd Term 3rd Term Total. Industrial Fee 27-75 24.00 42.00 93.75 Tuition 84.00 60.00 126.00 270.50 Room Rent 121.50 160.00 158.60 444.60 Totals 233.25 244.50 327.10 804.85 Total receipts from Departments, 746.50 Grand Total 1948.50 Total Expenditure (SeeTable) 1249.44 Balance 699-31 Liabilities 125.80 Net Balance 573.51 TABLE C.— CLASSIFIED RECEIPTS FROM DEPARTMENTS, IN DETAIL Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Total Blacksmithing.. Carpentry Cooking Millinery Shoemaking Tailoring Printing Farm Rent Miscellaneous .. 50.00 $17.10 5.25 7.15 3.20 10.50 5.00 $ 5,30 2.00 4.95 12.00 5.00 .50 10.40 9.15 5 43 5.00 $ 4.40 $10.55 1.10 9.15 5.90 191.80 9.68 16.05 9.00 7.28 1.25 6.16 4.00 10.00 $12.35 12.25 10.40 17.00 9.00 1.35 $8.85 $ 21.75 149.33 28.00 $5.00 6.95 $ 5.50 16.70 $ 90.80 8.12 16.56 23.93 60.85 26.00 30.81 413.63 25.00 51.10 Grand Total $746.80 >•-- - r^HSp •' ■' ' : .. " ' *?' : ■ OU&JU! V- - • * " Ay' - ' " *•' V?. - v:<^: ■ ? ■:■ -• v .; .. ■ " y' . V . . }-Av' , : ■ .'■■ .. *i * ' ' ;~:*w . ' ; > ' V * . -> - - -- %. - . >• :t~ ^'SfrMfr - - V ©5^$** • -,s . < • - • ' . ' ; ' ■ - _ ... vX: V _ ■ -. % ' V / ; ■■ • , v 'M ' * • *** ' V : .: : . •' . ~ ;n; , -i ■ ^. Ax* W - -.. , » . ;; ^y> : \VV.'' '• • --