OF
Alt
0
EX-GOV. AARON V. BROWN,
AT
KN0XVILLE, TESTS'.,
OCTOBER, 1854
I1 «
NASHVILLE:
J. K. MORGAN, PRINTER, No. 58, COLLEGE STREET.
ABBRE S S,
Ladies and Gentlemen ;
You do wrong in calling me to address you on
the present occasion: Wrong to me for want of previous
notice, and consequently for want of proper preparation:
Wrong to that elaborate and able address to which you have
just listened, no word of which I would obliterate from your
recollections: Wrong to*this noble occasion, when every
thing around us is speaking to you in language more
eloquent and effective than any which I can hope to utter.
The Farmer is here, speaking to you through the rich and
varied productions of his fields : The Manufacturer is here,
speaking to you through his curiously wrought and costly
fabrics: The Mechanic is here, speaking to you through
the wonderful ingenuity of his peculiar art: But, above all,
the fair Daughters and Matrons of East Tennessee are here,
speaking to you in the delicate texture of their own handi¬
work, and shedding over# the exhibitions of the day the
light of their presence and approbation. Well might we
exclaim, " The Occasion speaks for itself."
But what is the this Occasion ? To appreciate its im¬
portance, we must fully understand it. It is no isolated
and disconnected movement of the people of this part of
the State, to accomplish some local and temporary purpose,
and then to pass away, never to be repeated. No, Fellow-
citizens, we have assembled under the authority of the law,
as a duly constituted Agricultural College and Mechanic
Institute, rounding off and completing that grand and com-
4 'AGRICULTURAL ADDRESS.
prehensive system of Education which Tennessee has devi¬
sed for the advancement and improvement of her people.
This Agricultural Bureau, or College, for really it is no¬
thing else, has been located at the seat of government as
the common centre of the'State. It has been duly char¬
tered, with ample powers to locate similar Institutions in
each of the grand divisions, and indeed in every county in
the State. In pursuance * of thesg powers that one has
been established, on whose exercfe and duties *we are
this day engaged. Until the last session of your Legisla¬
ture, our system of popular Education had never been fully
and completely established. At different periods of her
history, tha State had erected Universities and Colleges,
and endow* them with all the liberality which her means
and condition would admit of. She had also diligently hus¬
banded her resources for the establishment of county Aca¬
demies and Common Schools. Individual liberality and
devotion to the cause of learning had generously come to
her aid in building up male and female Colleges and Insti¬
tutes, of the highest respectability and usefulness. These
were intended to meet the mere literary and scientific wants
of the country, whilst Law Schools, Medical Colleges, and
Theological Seminaries of high repute, had been provided,
partly by individual and partly # by State endowment, for
the benefit of those who desire to betake themselves to the
learned professions.
Still it was evident that, as yet, however creditable and
praiseworthy had been our exertions, we had done little or
nothing for the education of the millions who at no distant
day are to inhabit our State-—little or .nothing for the far¬
mers and planters, the manufacturers, the mechanics, and
artisans of every description. Where were they to go, in
order to learn and grow proficient in their respective call¬
ings ? Where, even to exhibit the products of their untu-
AGRICULTURAL ADDRESS.
5
tored industry, and by observation and comparison keep
pace with the rapid and wonderful improvements of the age?
The Legislature at its last session responded nobly to these
questions; and the people every where, from your mountains
here in the East to the shores of the Mississippi, are approv¬
ing and confirming their action—enrolling themselves as
members of Agricultural Societies—appointing times for
their frequent meetings—making arrangements for their
public Fairs—selecting men of sound practical learning to
lecture on Agriculture and the Mechanic Arts. In fact,
doing every thing to organize and arrange these new Insti¬
tutions, upon the best plan to secure the great object in¬
tended by the Legislature. In this view, how great, how
beneficent, how sublime is the present occasion!
When this degree of Education and this mode of im¬
parting it to the Agriculturist and the Mechanic was first
proposed, many doubted its success; but the spirit which
animates this large assembly — the spirit which animated
the seven or eight thousand persons assembled at Nash¬
ville and' Gallatin on a similar occasion, gives unerring evi¬
dence of a final and triumphant victory over every ^obsta¬
cle. It is a spirit not of wild disorder and destruction, but
of rational progress and improvement. It wages no war
and bodes no evil to any of the other institutions of soci¬
ety, but generously seeks to aid, to enlarge and perfect
them, until all men, of all classes and all pursuits, shall
participate in their blessings. If it be thought by any,
that the means appropriated by the Legislature are inade¬
quate to the great end designed, let it be remembered that I
this is but the beginning — a mere experiment — and if
started right and sustained with proper earnestness, larger
means will never be withheld in so good a cause. Besides, j
it is not money that can best accomplish what is so much |
desired. It requires zeal, energy, determination, more .
6
AGRICULTURAL ADDRESS.
than money. Take an Agricultural Society for an exam¬
ple. What need for money ? To build some stately edi¬
fice in which to hold their monthly or stated meetings ? —
Some neighboring church, some Odd Fellows or Masonic
Hall, or even some capacious school house, will fitly serve
for that purpose. Is it to procure standard and scientific
works, and ably conducted periodicals on agricultural sub¬
jects? A small contribution by individuals, always to be
had in a generous and liberal country like this, can easily
procure them. Is it to pay salaries to able and competent
lecturers ? Why, you are to be your own lecturers! Your
own members and others of your fellow citizens from other
societies, will be the very best orators on such occasions.
They will give you the oratory of facts, the eloquence of
experiment and observation. The exercises of the society
will consist often in discussions or debates among them¬
selves, of aty the disputed problems of agricultural science;
of critcisms on the prevailing modes of building farm¬
houses, barns, and other plantation fixtures; on planting out
orchards; the selection of fruits; making fences; on plowing
and otherwise cultivating the different varieties of crops.
Now all these things can be done and ought to be done
without any great deal of money. The great object is to
awaken enquiry, to excite emulation, to stimulate to the
highest exertion, by the distribution of premiums and me¬
dals as the rewards of merit, and the incentives to indus¬
try. An earnest and energetic people, firmly resolved to
inform and improve themselves on one of the most impor¬
tant sciences ever known to man, cannot fail of success.
In no portion of the State would the results of that suc¬
cess be more striking and gratifying than in East Tennes¬
see. For more than half a century you have been moun¬
tain bound, and consquently excluded, save at vast expense,
from the great market places of the world. Deprived by
AGRICULTURAL ADDRESS. 7
the fiat of .Nature of the usual stimulus to action, you
have put forth no great agricultural or mechanical exertion.
Your houses were not promptly and neatly repaired, your
orchards were left unpruned and neglected, your best grass
and meadow lands were unreclaimed, your fields were culti¬
vated with a slovenly indifference, both as it regards dura¬
bility and production. Indeed, the whole aspect of your
country was that of a dissatisfied and desponding people,
ready to seize the first opportunity to sell out and be off,
to some new and more favored land. But now, how chan¬
ged the scene ! The genius of Internal Improvement has
waved his magic wand over you, and house and field and
orchard, all the splendid exhibitions of this day's Fair, pro¬
claim you a contented, happy, and prosperous people. The
traveler pauses and tells you in vain of the rich prairies of
Texas, or the deep alluvion of the Arkansas. Even his
gorgeous discription of the diamond-studded and gold-glit¬
tering California, can extort from you nothing more than
the reply, " East Tennessee is good enough for me." And
so it is, my countrymen. After years of travel and obser¬
vation, I cordially endorse the sentiment, that East Ten¬
nessee is good enough for you, good enough for any body.
Where, upon this continent, can you gaze upon a more va¬
ried and lovely landscape than now spreads out before you !
Hill and dale, forest and field, torrents gushing from the
mountain side, and streamlets gently flowing through val-
- lies fragrant with flowers of perpetual bloom ! Further off
in the distance, we behold mountains in which lie imbedded,
in close proximity, the largest supply of coal and iron ore,
that the whole Appalachian chain can boast. In the oppo- j
site direction, but in full view, lies another range of moun- j
tains, from whose bosom are daily borne inexhaustible treas¬
ures of copper and other valuable minerals. Between these ]
mountains lie a succession of luxuriant vallies, irrigated by j
• ..
— j
8 AGRICULTURAL ADDRESS. i
streams of unrivalled purity, and capable of sustaining in
elegance and plenty ten fold their present population^ Into j
these vallies the iron horse is already making his resistless
way, and waking to his fiery tread the slumbering echoes j
of six thousand years. When to these mere geographical !
advantages we add the charms and attractions of a popula- ;
tion of whom it may be well said, without poetic license, j
" Where Man is brave and Wom&h true, i
And free as mountain air," j
who would exchange his own native or adopted East Ten- i
nessee for any other land on the globe! j
I pause at this point in the current of my observations, j
to submit a few remarks on the joint action and influence j
of railroads and these Agricultural Fairs. I hail their ad- j
vent into our country not for the riches they confer. They
will make you rich—rich in the increased value of your !
lands—in the annual increase of their products—in the de- j
velopement of your amazing mineral resources—in every j
way they will make you rich—but who can repress the fear j
that they may also make you a proud and luxurious peo- !
pie. Not so much, therefore, for the wealth they may be- :
stow, do I hail and welcome them, as because they are well \
calculated to make us a contented and settled people—con- j
tented with our State, with our particular region of the |
State, with our homes and our firesides. i
7 i
No people, whether ancient or modern, have made any j
striking progress in the elegant or even comfortable arts of j
life, until they have become thus contented and settled. I
Until then, there will be no elegant and costly mansions, j
no wide spread and verdant lawns, no ample and convenient j
institutions of learning, no temples of religion lifting their
lofty spires to the skies; all these are too much neglected
or postponed, in the restless enquiry about other and bet¬
ter lands, where mountains do not interpose their eternal
AGRICULTURAL ADDRESS.
barriers tp the approach to market, and whose interminable
forests will not require a whole life time to reclaim the
land and put it in a condition for successful cultivation.
The census tables exhibit an annual drain from our State,
for which no want of climate or soil can account. Illinois
and Missouri, Arkansas and Texas, have gained hundreds
and thousands from us, during the trying and unsettled
period to which which we have alluded. But those days
have passed. Our mountains are being levelled, or we are
bursting through them*, many thousand feet below their
summits. The heavy forests of the middle and western
portions of the State^have given way before the sturdy
blows of the axeman, until their fields, like yours, will soon
begin to resemble a bldjjhing and cultivated garden." Our
whole system of Internal Improvement is in the course of
rapid completion, and we shall then see the accumulated
products of our mines and our forests, of our fields and
our workshops, wending their way to the great market pla¬
ces of the world.
From the observations which we are now making, you
will perceive, that according , to my views, Tennessee is just
now in a condition to enter fairly upon a career of Agricul¬
tural, Manufacturing and Mechanical Improvement. Let
no man reproach her for supposed negligence in 'the past.
Let no man institute comparisons to her disparagement
with older and once more favored States of the Union, for
not commencing sooner. The early settlement of Tennes¬
see commenced in blood. The red man of the forest war¬
red against you at every step of your progress. Your own
end of the State is studded with battle grounds, where your
fathers signalized their valor. Nashville, and indeed all
Middle Tennessee, was one vast theater of Indian warfare
and depredation. When these were over, our early pioneers
had to contend with heavy and interminable forests, year
10
AGRICULTURAL ADDRESS.
after year reclaiming but a few acres from its inexorable
dominion. It is no over estimate of fact to say, that it
required two entire generations to open land enough and
to put it in reasonable condition for cultivation, to meet in
abundance and plenty, the current wants of the people.
During this tedious but unavoidable process, how nobly she
has sustained herself in all her social and political relations
with her sister States of the Union. She has furnished
already, before her Indian forts have disappeared or her
earliest log cabins have mouldered down, two Presidents to
the Republic, five members of the Cabinet, and many For¬
eign Ministers. In war—in every war—she has sent forth
a full proportion of her gallant sons, to sustain the violated
rights or the insulted honor of the nation.
But Tennessee can need no labored vindication from me.
Having secured her safe lodgement in the wilderness, having
felled her forests, having provided well for the literary wants
and professional demands of her people, she now enters
upon the final and noble work of advancing and improving
her Agricultural and Mechanical interests. I shall speak of
Agriculture first, as the great interest of the State. It is
the great interest of every State. It is in fact, the sub¬
stratum or foundation of all others. It spreads every sail
and drives forward every car of commerce. It gives motion
to the vast machinery of manufactures, and nerves to vig¬
orous exertion the arm of the mechanic, the artisan, and
the day laborer. There is, indeed, no subsistence to man
or to beasts that he subjects to his control, without it. In
the terse and expressive language of an old adage, " It
makes all, pays all, and supports all." It is not only the
most necessary, but it is the natural and most ancient em¬
ployment of man. Adam was created a farmer: born such,
and deeply to impress upon him the advantages of rural
life and occupation over all others, he was located on a farm
AGRICULTURAL ADDRESS. 11
or garden, surrounded with its fruits and vines and flowers.
This Divine indication of the proper and best pursuit of
man, has been faithfully preserved through all ages and
nations to the present day. The patriarchs preserved it, in
the ownership of their extensive flocks and herds: the
apostles, or at least some of" them, preserved it, by labor¬
ing in- the field whilst engaged in the sublime vocation of
regenerating the human family; among the Greeks and
Romans, the greatest Philosophers and proudest Patricians
disdained not the cultivation of the soil with their own
hands. Cincinnatus, in the hour of peril, went forth, not
from the Capitol, but from the plough handle, to shield and
save his country. And it is precisely from such situations
that the purest patriots and statesmen have been most fre¬
quently selected. Washington was called for, from his
fields, far distant from the first outbreak of the Revolution,
and Jackson sighed when he left the precincts of the Her¬
mitage "to sway the Executive sceptre of a mighty em¬
pire." There can be no other employment so well calcula¬
ted to inspire deep and undying sentiments of patriotism.
In this country a large proportion of those engaged in Agri¬
culture, are the owners of the soil. The title has been
secured to them by the laws of the land. The very fields
which they cultivate may have been moistened by the blood
of some honored ancestor, in repelling the rude invasion of
the red man. Thus consecrated by paternal valor, they will
relinquish it only with their lives. And such has been the
lesson taught us by American history. The officers and
soldiers of the Revolution were Farmers, and the sons of
Farmers. They waited not for forma' proclamations and
the slow-moving ceremonies of military organization. Like
Putnam, many of them literally left their p'oughs in the
furrow, and hastened to the tented fie d. What a lesson
to the legislators and statesmen of our 'and. What an
12 AGRICULTURAL ADDRESS.
appeal to them, loud as the thunders of the Revolution, to
make haste, by all the means in their power to identify
every freeman and citizen of America, with the broad and
fertile acres of our public domain.
"What constitutes a State ?
Not high raised battlements.- and labored mound,
Thick wall or moated gate ;
Not cities proud, with spires and turrets crowned ,
Not bays and broad-armed ports,
Where, laughing at the storm, proud natives ride ;
Not starred and spangled courtj.
Where low-brow'd baseness, wafts perfume to pride.
No, Men! high-minded men !
Men who their duties know ;
But know their rights, and knowing dare maintain."
W
This noble profession, for such in every respect it deserves
to be called, although the most anpent and useful, has, how¬
ever, been most neglected. Apprenticeship, or some spe¬
cific course of instruction, seems to have been considered
necessary in all other pursuits. How many years of hard
and laborious study have to be employed in the University
or College, with its Greek and Latin, fits Mathematics and
Philosophies, in order duly to qualify the Lawyer, Physi¬
cian, or the Theologian? Not so has it been with the
Planter and the Farmer. How to wield the axe, to hold
the plow, or to swing the scythe, has comonly been regarded
as the sum total of a Farmer's education. No wonder then,
if not knowing by instinct, the nature of the soil he had to
cultivate, the adaptation of manures to the soil and to the
crop, the natures of the plants theycultiva ed, the food they
require and the best method of administering that food, in
order to produce health and vigor and fruit—no wonder, I
repeat, if farmers, not knowing these things by instinct,
have been generally content to pursue the course their
fathers have pursued, and to rely on the earth and seasons,
good fortune and Providence, to help them out at the end
of the year!
AGRICULTURAL ADDRESS. - 13
I pause in order to point out to you another great cause
for the neglect ^nd low condition of Agricultural knowledge.
Who is it in most of our families that are set apart and
devoted t<g the business of farming ? Not the sprightly
and energetic, whose progress at school points them out as
likely to become eminent in whatever they pursue—no, not
these—the bar, the healing art, or the pulpit, take them
and leave a profession which a Washington has followed, to
the less promising members of the family. " 0, he will do
for a farmer," says many a farmer, when speaking of one
of his most unpromising boys. Well, if he will, then I
would say to that father, he will do for anything else. Give
him the same general education at school. Let him take
lessons in the College unjfer the professor of Agriculture as
the other son does under the professor of law. When he
comes out into the world, let him lecture and debate in the
Agricultural societies as the other pleads in the courts of
law, and my word for it, the accomplished lawyer will bring
no higher honor to the family than will the educated, digni¬
fied and enlightened farmer.
And why should not the planter and farmer claim equal
rank in this country, with the lawyer, the physician or the
clergyman—rank in public employment—rank in the social
circle ? Why should he stand back in any conscious in¬
feriority to either of them ? His general education is as
good—as learned in his profession as they—remunerated
by as large profits, and expending those profits in charities
as beneficient, and hospitalities as elegant, why should he
not stand forward as the compeer of all or any of them ?
Let us set our faces against unjust discriminations like
these, which have long existed and which yet exist, though
in less degree than formerly. Let us give rank and dignity
to labor in every honorable pursuit.
We would submit to you similar observations, even with
14 AGRICULTURAL ADDRESS.
more striking emphasis in relation to* our mechanics and
artisans. They too, by some strange infatuation, have failed
to acquire in some degree their just position in the social
circles of life. They do not often mingle in fu^ fellowship
at the festive board and evening parties of the rich, the
gay and the fashionable. The merchant, the extensive
manufacturer, the lawyer and the physician, the man of
science and letters is there in free and unrestrained hilari¬
ty—but by a sort of silent acquiescence by both parties,
the mechanic and tradesman but rarely is seen to mingle in
the throng. Yet, in the eloquent language of an extract
which I have seen this morning intone of your city papers,
" they are the palace builders of the world, not a stick was
hewn, not a stone was shaped, m all the lordly dwellings of
the rich, which does not owe its beauty and its fitness to
the mechanic's skill. The spires that raise their giddy
heights among the clouds, depend on the mechanic's art
for their strength and symmetry. The thousands of noble
ships that cover the seas of the world; the magnificent
steamers that plow the northern lakes and western rivers ;
the swift locomotives that traverse through the States with
the rapidity of lightning, are all the constructions of that
noblest of human beings, the mechanic. Not an edifice for
devotion, for business, for comfort, but bears the impress of
their handiwork. How exalted is their calling, how noble
their pursuits, how sublime their avocation! " A class of
our fellow-citizens deserving encomiums so high, ought not
to be neglected or slighted in any of the educational ar¬
rangements of the State. In every University and Col¬
lege, there should be professorships endowed for full and
accurate instruction in the general principles of the mechani¬
cal sciences. In our Academies and Common Schools, text
books should be introduced and all the information impart¬
ed which circumstances would allow of. But it must be
AGRICULTURAL ADDRESS. 15
lifter all, in fthchanic^|Institutes, that the highest degree
of general improvement may be expected. They should
exisfyin every city, town and village, these being the places
where most of* our njechanics reside. By private or public
contribution, small But well selected libraries should be pro¬
vided. They should meet frequently, to hear lectures and
addresses from those who may be best calculated to impart i
instruction. Each Institute should hold its own Fairs, and
come forth at the general one, in proud exhibition of its
progress and improvement. Simple as these means may
seem, a steady and energetic application of them ©annot
fail to obliterate existing distinctions in social life, and exalt
honest labor in every department to its proper dignity and
rank. If I were asked what constituted the true nobility
of manhood, I should answer ldbor—labor of the heatl—
labor of the heart—labor of the hand. By it, man has ac¬
complished all his great* achievements since the day it was j
declared "thou shalt live by the sweat of thy brow."
From that day, labor became Heaven's great ordinance for
the improvement of mankind. It has scanned the Heavens, <
and discovered all the beauties of creation. It has encom- j
passed the earth and brought forth the richness of her val-
lies and all the glittering treasures of her mountains. •
It has reared our habitations and sent forth the fairest '
flocks and herds upon the hills. It has built the ship and |
guided it in safety through distant oceans. It has opened
the bosom of the earth and given to man all its teeming
fruits essential to his subsistence. It has laid at our feet
with a provident care, the contributions of .every soil and [
climate. With magic hand it has touched the lightning j
and sent it flashing round the world, speaking the language ||
and uttering the sentiments of every people who inhabit it.
In fine, the labor of the mind, of the heart, of the hand,
has and will conquer all things. The earth, the seas, the
j 16 AGRICULTURAL ADDRESS.
I : _ Ji _
| winds will all stand subdued in itswdl-prevaifing presence^
| and power! Who, then, shall be ashamed of either intel-
| leeiual or manual labor? Ashamed to obey the highsdrdi-
nance of God—ashamed of the hard.* hand, because it be
scarred with honorable service—ashamed of "the dingy
| workshop or the dusty labor-field—ashamed of his soiled
I and weather-beaten garments—soiled by the sun whom he
| has beaten in his early risings, by the rain, whose descend¬
ing torrents he has defied, in the noble discharge of indus¬
try and duty! Say not ashamed of these. It is treason
to nature! It is impiety to Heaven!
But I honor not labor, mental or manual, if its sole or
even chief object be sordid and selfish. What honor would
Franklin deserve for snatching the lightning from the clouds,
if his object had not been the peace and safety of his fel¬
low-creatures in the hour of storm and of tempest. What
credit is due to him who invented the printing press, that
great instrument of civilization and refinement, if his pur-
, poses were only "to set mankind by the ears" and to put
money in his purse, out of the strifes and dissentions which
he himself had created. If Fulton looked not to the good,
the moral good as well as to the gains pf mankind, his sub¬
lime invention of the power and application of stean\ loses
nearly all its value, in the eyes of a sound and benevolent
philosophy. The labor of Whitney in inventing the cotton
gin, of Arkwright for spinning, and Cartwright for weaving,
did indeed lead mankind to the acquisition of great wealth;
but they also brought honorable and useful employment and
with them abundance and plenty and joy to many millions
of the human family. For this I honor them. For this I
honor all the great improvements and inventions of the age
intended to advance mankind to the highest state of moral
improvement—to make them good as well as great—happy
as well as rich. But there never has been and never can
Agricultural address. 17
be happiness without employment—that degree of employ¬
ment, intellectual or manual, which we call labor. Man may
build his palaces; he may adorn his grounds and throw
around him all the blandishments of Asiatic luxuriance; still
if he have not employment, something constantly to call
forth his energies, he becomes languid and dissatisfied.
The merchant must embark in new enterprises, even though
former success had invited to retirement and repose. The
lawyer and {he statesman engage in new encounters in the
forum and the Senate house, long after either necessity or
fame have invited them to the conflict. The great warrior
of antiquity, reposing on the laurels of an hundred con¬
quests, still sighed for more victories and more nations to
subdue. All this is by a great and fixed law of nature.
Without this law the body of individual man would sicken
and die. His mind grow trivial and effeminate. Without
it, even nations could not survive the blighting, suffocating
influence of inglorious ease. # Tyre and Sidon, Babylon and
Palmyra, even Imperial Rome, laden with the spoils of the
world, could not escape the stern and inexorable penalties of
this law.
There are no lessons in History more impressive than
these. The same law and the same penalty have been im¬
posed on our own country. I mean the great law of labor
and continued exertion. Let us all pay to it the homage of
a prompt and ready obedience. Nay, more. Let us honor
the men of toil and labor, intellectual, moral and manual,
who go forth into the field of industry, science and art—who
go with stout arms and brave hearts amid the struggling
elements, to fight the battle of human progress and im¬
provement throughout the world. And where should that
great battle be so well fought as here in our own young and
vigorous America? We have already fought the battle of
human liberty and flashed the light of our triumph over half
18 AGRICULTURAL ADDRESS. #
the habitable globe. In the fondness of hope, nay in the
confidence of a firm conviction, I maintain that America, in
the Providence of God, is destined to be the grand theater
of man's moral and intellectual advancement, to the very
highest degree of perfection. Be not startled at the bold¬
ness of this word perfection. We mean not that of angels,
but of men. The great seal of divinity stamped upon
him, stamped on his origin, on his destination, makes him
and perfection one and inseparable.
" How complicate, how wonderful is man :
Dim miniature of greatness absolute,
A worm! a God !
Extremes how wide, how wonderful! and yet as sure as
in his feebleness he is a worm, so surely in his capabilities
he is a God. Slowly it may be but certainly, step by step,
he must and will rise upward to his lofty destination. Be
not incredulous. Look backward into the dark ages of his
existence and mark how low he was on the scale of his
being; the mere savage, the barbarian:»Compared with then,
how noble, how majestic he now stands, with all his temples
dedicated to learning and piety and good government
around him! He is yet, however, only midway in his high
career; but he can now behold reflected from his native
skies, not only "the dim miniature," but the bright por¬
traiture of his future greatness.