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a _D SILVER and 
 meLD SHEFFIELD 
 PLATE 
 
 aris Guild of Silversmiths: aaHallmarks, and date letters 
 “4 used, of ees all the countries of Continental Europe, 
 
 OUBLEDAY, DORAN & COMPANY, INC. 
 RDEN CITY, NEW YORK, 1928 manana 
 
COPYRIGHT, 1928 
 BY DOUBLEDAY, DORAN & COMPANY, INC. 
 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 
 
 PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES 
 AT THE COUNTRY LIFE PRESS 
 GARDEN CITY, N. Y. 
 
 FIRST EDITION 
 
Arete: LY; 
 whose home is in Kentucky, 
 but whose duties and responsibilities have 
 made her name familiar throughout the United 
 States, years ago perceived that in no other 
 class of articles of domestic use were com- 
 bined utility and great beauty to the degree 
 in which those qualities co-exist in the silver 
 produced in England during the period that 
 began with the accession of George I and 
 ended during the Regency in the early Nine- 
 teenth Century. Her unerring taste and judg- 
 ment, as shown in her own magnificent collec- 
 tion, have made many converts to her belief. 
 As an inadequate attempt to express the ob- 
 ligation we should all feel, and as a tribute 
 of personal admiration, 
 this volume is respectfully dedicated 
 by its author 
 to 
 ete oA lo Vl N eb edb tle 
 of Lexington and Washington. 
 
FOREWORD 
 
 Tuis book has been written with the single purpose of enabling 
 the reader to establish the origin and authenticity of antique 
 silver and “Old Sheffield plate.” 
 
 If I have gone rather at length into the history of the silver- 
 smith’s art in England and the laws under which he worked, 
 it is because I deemed it necessary for the purpose in view. 
 Education in the directions indicated is essential to prevent self- 
 deception; there is no danger of wilful misrepresentation by a 
 reputable dealer. 
 
 It has not been thought necessary to go into the methods em- 
 ployed in the production of solid silver. Sheffield plate must, 
 however, be approached from a different angle. One who knows 
 just how “Old Sheffield” rolled plate was made and will apply 
 that knowledge to each piece he examines and will ask and answer 
 the question that should always arise: “Was it possible to pro- 
 duce this article without the aid of electroplating?’—will never, 
 if of average intelligence, mistake electroplate for the older 
 product. — 
 
 Dealers are deceived every day. This we must believe in view 
 of the fact that a large quantity of electroplate is being marketed 
 as “Old Sheffield.”’ If a wider knowledge is possessed by cus- 
 tomers, dealers will be compelled to educate themselves. 
 
 Mr. Frederick Bradbury, of Sheffield, has written a book de- 
 scribing in the most minute detail every process used in the older 
 art and illustrating every method and tool employed. Its writing 
 afforded Mr. Bradbury pleasure, no doubt, and certainly he 
 
 vil 
 
Vill ; FOREWORD 
 should feel proud of his work, evidencing as it does infinite labour 
 and very great ability. 
 
 But, Macaulay said no one but a commentator ever read all 
 _ of Spenser’s “‘ Faérie Queene,’’ and if the seven books of the poem 
 
 had not been destroyed in Ireland, even a commentator would 
 have baulked. 
 
 Hence, I have written just enough to show even a non-indus- 
 trious reader that the raw material of a maker of Old Sheffield 
 corresponding to the sheet of solid silver in the hands of the silver- 
 smith or of copper or nickel silver in the hands of the maker of — 
 plated ware presents a uniform colour only on the surface and 
 never at a cross-section. The copper and silver were not amalga- 
 mated. They remained distinct but not separate. Every edge of a 
 piece of Sheffield plate must at some time have shown white and 
 red, or white and red and white. That edge had to be masked. 
 How? Never by electroplating: it had not been invented. 
 
 I have compiled the tables of marks on solid silver in this book 
 from publications most of which are not readily available to the 
 reading public. The Continental hallmarks (apart from the 
 French) have hitherto only appeared in a German publica- 
 tion—Rosenberg’s. The French marks are from Boivin’s Les — 
 Ancienns Orféevres Frangais, a costly work practically unknown in 
 America. — 
 
 It is very important that the collector should be able to identify 
 British provincial silver. “Provincial” as used here includes 
 Ireland and Scotland. This book contains the name and mark of 
 every British and Irish silversmith now known, from the earliest 
 times to the middle of the last century. The value of both 
 English and American silver often depends very largely 
 upon the identity of its maker. For some reason, that is not true 
 of silver of Continental origin unless we hark back to the days of 
 Benvenuto Cellini. It has seemed well, therefore, to give hall- 
 
FOREWORD ix 
 
 marks only of the European countries other than the British 
 Isles 
 
 Our knowledge of early American silversmiths, incomplete as 
 it is, seems almost static. Some few years ago, the Walpole 
 Society published a book containing the names of a number of 
 silversmiths of the Colonies. Copies are infrequently offered at 
 book sales and bring large prices. My friend Colonel Charles 
 Rynesson has given me what we believe to be the only existing 
 copy of the book his late father, Mr. P. A. Rynesson, privately 
 published. It contains data concerning some hundreds of silver- 
 smiths not mentioned in the Walpole Society book. Mr. Stephen 
 G.C. Ensko has also published a book containing many names and 
 
 c¢ 
 
 marks of old and comparatively modern “silversmiths” of this 
 country. No doubt many of his “silversmiths” were only dealers 
 —a fault with which this work also may be charged and for which 
 a reason is given in the proper place. The curious reader will 
 find many very valuable biographical notes in Mr. Ensko’s 
 book, and I am indebted to it and to the book of American Church 
 Silver (a wonderfully accurate work) for much information I have 
 used in these pages. 
 
 That paragon of American collectors, Judge Alphonso T. 
 Clearwater, and Mr. Henry Davis Sleeper, who generously pre- 
 sented his collection of Paul Revere Silver to the Boston Museum 
 of Fine Arts, have given me authoritative decisions as to the 
 distinctions between the marks of the Reveres, father and son. 
 
 By following the British and Irish date letters as given by the 
 late Sir Charles Jackson, I have avoided the mistakes made by 
 
 Chaffers and Cripps and copied by American authors. 
 
 Howarp PItTcHER OKIE 
 
 Washington, D. C. 
 March 1, 1928. 
 
CHAPTER 
 
 I. 
 
 If. 
 Ill. 
 
 CONTENTS 
 
 Oxtp ENGLISH SILVER . 
 
 FRAUDS AND TRANSFORMATIONS 
 
 MarkKS 
 
 on Lonpon PLATE 
 
 Makers’ Marks on Lonpon PLATE 
 
 Marks 
 
 Marks 
 Marks 
 Marks 
 Marks 
 Marks 
 Marks 
 Marks 
 
 MarkKs 
 
 on YORK PLATE. 
 
 on Norwicu PLate 
 
 on EXETER PLATE 
 
 on NEWCASTLE PLATE . 
 on CHESTER PLATE . 
 on BIRMINGHAM PLATE 
 ON SHEFFIELD SILVER 
 
 on LINCOLN PLATE . 
 
 or THE Minor ENGLISH GUILDS . 
 
 UnASCRIBED BritisH Marks 
 
 MarkKs 
 
 on EDINBURGH PLATE . 
 
 Marks on GLASGOW PLATE 
 
 Marks: or THE Minor ScotcH GUILDS 
 
 UnASCRIBED ScotcH MARKS 
 
 Marks ON DUBLIN PLATE 
 
 XI 
 
 IgI 
 
Xl CONTENDS 
 
 CHAPTER PAGE 
 XX. Marks on Cork PLATE. . 3. pe 
 XXI. Marks or THE Minor IrisH GuiItps . . 208 
 
 InDEx To THE Marks oF ENGLISH, SCOTCH, 
 
 AND IRIisH SILVERSMITHS .... 9: /@eeceeeueeee 
 
 XXII; Earry AMERICAN SILVER” 3 2 3 30) ee 
 XXIII. American SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS 239 
 XXIV. Op Frencw SILVER .. 9. 4 
 XXV. Marks on Paris PLATE ~~. 2 
 
 X XVI. Marks on FREncH ProvinciAL PLATE . . 308 
 XXVII. Marks on GERMAN PLATE. 2-09 ee 
 XXVIII. Marks on OTHER CONTINENTAL PLATE . . 355 
 XXIX. Op SHEFFIELD PLATE +.) 9. 
 XXX. SuerrreLD PLaTers AND THEIR Marks . . 400 
 
 GENERAL INDEX  . «0 = 6) #6 8s =) 
 
LIST OF FULL-PAGE ILLUSTRATIONS 
 
 : A Pair of Platter Covers by Paul Lamerie, 
 Meeioenion, i729... . ... . +: . « Hrontispiece 
 
 | Early Maeisieopoons .  . LY 6s ie oe % 
 Mies. 
 : vo Examples of Bena OTiIatiOliSs* ie oe YTS 
 London Silver of the Reign of George IT . . . . . 74 
 
 | A Coffee Urn Made in London in 1765 a Parker & 
 ee Jab ov aie a age Fe 
 
 An paris George III Epergne. Made "Y Thomas Powell, 
 oe London, Mt ie ee ois. ois Bee hee ick Sa ee Loe 
 v1 ia Silver of the Period 1755-1765. . . . . =. « 194 
 a ‘Spout-Cup by John Coney (Boston, hGs Cig 22 ay te e298 
 
 ; Old Sheffield Tray Showing the Silver Inset Plate . 390 
 | Sheffield Rolled Plate of the Later (Florid) Period . 394 
 a amples of French Sheffield of the Empire Period . . 398 
 
LD SHEFFIELD PLATE 
 
 Re; ¢ a) Pe 
 7 
 
 a 
 
Cl Aer Re 
 
 Old English Silver 
 & + <ROM the year 1300, it has been compulsory in England 
 
 $e E to have an official mark impressed upon silverware be- 
 % + fore offering it for sale. In that year, a statute of 
 Edward I provided that “no manner of vessel of silver depart out 
 of the hand of the workers until it be essayed [sic] by the wardens 
 of the craft and further that it be marked with a leopard’s head.” 
 To receive that mark it must be of “‘esterling allay [szc].” From 
 this one would gather that the belief that the word “sterling” 
 was derived from the name of a North German tribe, the Ester- 
 lings, who were noted for the uniform fineness of their silver 
 coins, is based upon fact. Sixty years later, it was provided that 
 the goldsmith or silversmith should have a “mark by himself.” In 
 neither of these enactments is there any mention of the lion pas- 
 sant which later was to be the sterling mark of every assay office 
 in England, though the use of the leopard’s head was, with certain 
 exceptions, shown in the tables of marks, restricted to articles 
 made in London. 
 
 We learn, however, from an indictment of the attorney general 
 that in 1597 “Her Majesty’s lion” had a legal status as a mark 
 of sterling silver. Though that is the earliest mention of the lion 
 in legal history, it is found on silver with the date letters for 
 - 1543, and Sir Charles Jackson says it was never absent “‘after 
 1545,” a palpable error of Sir Charles, who, no doubt, intended 
 - that his statement apply only to silver produced in London. 
 
 In the earlier days, symbols, not letters, were employed by 
 ete 
 
2 Old English Silver 
 
 the English silversmiths to identify their work. In 1515, we find — 
 apostle spoons with a “radiant” (fringed) letter S, and in 1545 
 we find a monogram. Late in the reign of Elizabeth, we find an 
 initial employed with increasing frequency, and toward the end 
 of that reign the silversmith usually used the initials of both his 
 Christian and his surname. This practice continued until 1697, 
 when the statute changing the standard of silver was passed. 
 This act, which raised the standard of silverware above that of 
 the coinage, was designed to prevent the absorption of the silver 
 money in the arts. It provided that the fineness of the silver 
 employed must be 11 ounces, 10 pennyweights to the pound 
 Troy (12 oz.) instead of 11 ounces, 2 pennyweights (.925) the 
 sterling standard. It took more than twenty years for the law- 
 makers to discover that their enactment was futile, as the silver- 
 smith could meet the new requirement by simply adding a little 
 pure silver to his melting coins. While the new standard was com- 
 pulsory, silver was marked in a distinctive way. John Cox no 
 longer marked his silver J. C.: he must use the first two letters of 
 his surname—Co. The lion passant was superseded by the lion 
 erased (the head and neck only of the lion), and the leopard’s 
 head was replaced by the figure of Britannia enthroned. In 1720, 
 the old standard and the old system of marking came again into 
 use through the repeal of the statute of 1697, but the maker could, 
 if he wished, continue to use the higher standard, in which case 
 the Britannia hall marks would be affixed, though he could no 
 longer mark his wares with the commencing letters of his sur- 
 name. He must use his initials, unless it was that, prior to 1697, 
 he used some other mark (a single initial), in which case he was, 
 for a short period, allowed to use his old mark. I revert to this 
 subject in more detail hereafter. | : 
 The art of silversmithing doubtless came into England through 
 the development of Christian monastic institutions. There is no 
 
3 Old English Silver 3 
 
 evidence of the art having been established in the British Isles 
 during the four centuries of Roman occupation, though the cloth 
 of Britain became famous ‘during that period. 
 
 Prior to the Norman Conquest, the work seems to have been con- 
 fined to the churches. The patron saint of English goldsmiths was 
 the monk Dunstan, who lived in the Tenth Century. He became 
 an archbishop and the chief counsellor of the Saxon king, Edgar. 
 
 With the advent of William the Conqueror, it would seem rea- 
 sonable to suppose that a higher standard of living was brought 
 into England and that the invading nobility would bring with 
 them silver and gold utensils. If they did so, none of them sur- 
 vived the vicissitudes of the intervening centuries. Up to the time 
 af Henry VIII, practically all specimens of the silversmith’s craft 
 were in the possession of ecclesiastical bodies. 
 
 It is true that, as early as 1238, in the reign of Henry III, an 
 ordinance was passed that shows that goldsmiths were then 
 recognized as a body, but it would seem that only a negligible 
 amount of their output went into the hands of other than the 
 Church and royalty. The reason for that 1s found in the fact that 
 there was very little raw material in England. Silver has never 
 been found there in the earth in its “free”? form, and the small 
 amount that was locked up in refractory ores, such as galena, 
 was unavailable because of the ignorance of any method of sepa- 
 rating the precious metal from its base associates. 
 
 Henry VII is reported to have died possessed of £1,800,000 
 in gold and silver, but that monarch’s system of appropriating 
 his subjects’ money under the name of “benevolences’’ was so 
 thorough that it 1s more than likely that his possessions repre- 
 sented the bulk of all the money in England. His successor, 
 Henry VIII, died almost penniless, and probably for that reason 
 we do find a few silver articles of domestic use that were made 
 during the reign of that monarch. 
 
4 Old English Silver 
 
 ucite the reign of Henry VIII the silver currency was so 
 debased that the coinage contained little more than a fourth 
 of its proper content; in other words, it contained about 25 per 
 cent. of silver compared to 92} per cent., which was the sterling 
 standard. Yet at no time, from the commencement of the legal 
 regulations of the manufacture of silver plate, was it lawful to 
 make silver wares of less than the sterling standard. 
 
 When we remember that in the reigns of Henry VIII and 
 Edward VI the silversmiths found their only source of raw ma- 
 terial in this debased coinage and the very large purchasing 
 power of that currency, we can understand the scarcity of “Tu- 
 dor” silver. The reason that, prior to the disestablishment acts 
 of Henry VIII, ecclesiastical institutions (colleges fall within — 
 this group) monopolized the ownership of silver is found in the 
 relationship of local monastic institutions to the gentry of their 
 neighbourhoods. If the wealth of a rich English subject were not 
 taken from him’by the Sovereign during his life, it would be apt — 
 to pass to the Church upon the owner’s death. The terrors of hell 
 were very real, and priestly intervention alone stood between the 
 dying and eternal torments. 
 
 There was an amusing conflict between the individual and 
 collective belief. The former deemed it the part of wisdom to give 
 all that he had to save his soul. His neighbours deprecated his 
 action, though, as individuals, each would do the same. Various 
 statutes of “mortmain,” commencing in the reign of Henry III, 
 were intended to cope with this situation, but none, save the 
 last—that of Henry VIII—was effective. 
 
 The idea of the confiscation of church wealth did not originate 
 with Henry VIII; it had often been proposed before, not by 
 kings or their ministers, but by the people. Such a measure nearly 
 succeeded in the reign of Richard II. The King at first favoured 
 the measure, but withdrew his support under threats from Rome. 
 
Old English Silver 5 
 
 It is to be noted that the oldest hall-marked piece is an ec- 
 clesiastical piece, and it ts doubtful if any piece of silver that 
 could be properly termed a domestic article could be found with 
 an earlier date than 1515, although a few apostle spoons have 
 come to light that were made toward the end of the Fifteenth 
 Century. Corpus Christi College, Oxford, has a covered silver cup 
 that was presented to Catherine of Aragon by her loving husband 
 eas 15-1 516. 
 
 It is doubtful if we can explain the scarcity of even church 
 silver in the pre-Elizabethan period of English history by stat- 
 ing that the monasteries had been depleted of their silver by 
 Henry VIII. 
 
 The probabilities are that there was very little silver of any 
 kind in England until the days of Drake and Hawkins, who, with 
 their fellow buccaneers, encouraged the movement of silver from 
 the newly discovered Western world to the British Isles. 
 
 The capture of silver-laden Spanish ships, not only while they 
 were en route from Mexico, South America, and the West Indies, 
 but of ships in the English Channel which were taking supplies 
 from Spain to Holland during the reign of Elizabeth, inaugurated 
 an entirely new era. Silver domestic articles were still far from 
 common, yet we are told by the Reverend William Harrison, who 
 wrote The Description of England as it fell under his observation - 
 from 1577 to 1587, that rather late in the reign of Elizabeth 
 certain noble families sat at table with as much as two thousand 
 pounds’ value of plate spread before them. 
 
 The coinage was restored to its legal standard early in the reign 
 of Elizabeth. Apart from the fact that this was evidence of an 
 increased supply of silver within the realm, the fact itself would 
 stimulate the industries of the silversmith. 
 
 After the apostle spoons, we find with increasing frequency 
 during the Sixteenth Century spoons more clearly intended for 
 
6 : Old English § ilver 
 
 domestic use. They have fig-shaped bowls, with four-corner — 
 columnar baluster stems, and terminate in a knob which could 
 be used as a seal. The knobs, or finials, are circular or hexagonal. 
 
 So-called ‘“‘rose water” bowls appear at the beginning of the 
 Sixteenth Century, but their original purpose is not clear. At the 
 
 same time we find tall pedestal salts. They are grand affairs for 
 
 colleges and the rich “livery” corporations of London. We find a 
 few Elizabethan salts, evidently intended for domestic use. They 
 are oblong, troughlike affairs, something of the shape of the - 
 trencher salts made three centuries later, except that they are 
 without pedestals. They are very rare. 
 
 During the Sixteenth Century, much church silver was made: 
 patens, communion cups, chalices, and tazzas (small saucers or 
 flat cups with handles and mounted on a stem and base). 
 
 The first rat-tail spoon we find bears the mark of 1674. It had 
 a flat stem and a trifid end, i.e., an end divided into three sec- 
 tions like a fragment of a love leaf. | 
 
 We find an English three-prong fork—only one—made in 1678. 
 Silver snuffers appear at this time. Tankards, all of silver, had be- 
 come common in the reign of Charles II, and late in the reign of 
 that monarch toilet sets and toilet boxes were introduced, no 
 doubt a French innovation. 
 
 Some two hundred years before, horn beakers had been made 
 with silver bands. That form was preserved in the silver mugs and 
 tankards of a later period, which were ornamented with silver 
 bands, reminders, like the back buttons on a rosie coat, of a 
 period when they were of practical use. 3 
 
 In 1683, we find a large oval silver dish, no doubt intended for 
 use upon the table, and about this time silver dinner plates crept 
 into use. There are two in London, dated 1687. In the reign of 
 Queen Anne, and during’ all the subsequent years, they were 
 common. The author knows of but two or three tea kettles with 
 
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 ‘J sopreyg ‘T sowie ‘yioquzi|y JO SUSIAaI sy JO 91¥ S[MOq podvys-sy yim suoods aulu isiy ay} “Ifa, 942 3 SUIDUSUTWIO7) 
 
 SNOOdS HSITIONH ATYVA 
 
 SasayoyH yxQ ays fo Ksaunory 
 
Tf 
 
 a 
 
Old English Silver a 
 
 stands and spirit lamps, made as early as the reign of Queen Anne. 
 One sold in America recently for $5,500. This seems to be a fair 
 price, as the writer saw one in Scotland at about the same time, 
 _upon which a trade price of £700 had been set. Tea and coffee 
 pots became common in the reign of Queen Anne. Porringers 
 and caudle cups came on the scene in Elizabethan times, and 
 those of the early Eighteenth Century are very common. The 
 fashion of making complete tea or coffee services seems to have 
 occurred to American silversmiths rather earlier than it did to the 
 English members of that craft. I have never seen a complete three- 
 piece tea set of the same make and date letter and of British 
 origin that was earlier than 1790, and with one exception com- 
 plete tea and coffee sets seem not to have been made in England 
 before the early years of the Nineteenth Century. The idea of 
 making tea kettles to match the tea sets is a Victorian one. The 
 exception is an authentic three-piece tea set of the time of Queen 
 Anne (1702-1714) sold recently at Christie’s in London. No 
 doubt it expressed the idea of a silversmith or customer who 
 failed to create a fashion. No other instance is known to the 
 writer. Replicas of the Queen Anne set are now manufactured 
 and sold. 
 
 The source of privately owned silver must have been consider- 
 ably augmented during the reigns of James I and Charles I. 
 Much of this, however, was destroyed during the Civil War, and 
 it seems that, during the Commonwealth, the production of 
 articles of luxury was discouraged. With the inauguration of 
 Charles II, the trade of the silversmith and goldsmith revived 
 and has flourished ever since. In 1697, there must have been 
 three hundred master silversmiths in London alone, and when 
 one considers that each silversmith employed a number of helpers 
 and apprentices, we can understand that there must have been 
 an enormous output of silverware. 
 
8 Old English Silver 
 
 In ihe reign of Queen Anne, silver domestic utensils were in 
 common use, but, from an artistic standpoint, the silver of the 
 period of that queen leaves much to be desired. We hear much 
 praise of the simplicity of “Queen Anne” silver, but it is an un- 
 thinking chorus and rests on no more solid foundation than the 
 admiration expressed for the writings of Laurence Sterne. The 
 candlesticks gave promise of beauty, but they were so small that 
 they lacked dignity and impressiveness. 
 
 In 1697, William Hogarth was born. It is known that, in 1720, 
 after having been apprenticed to an English silversmith, he was 
 engaged in engraving silver plate. He became a very famous 
 artist, but it is certain that he never lost touch with the trade 
 with which his youth had been identified. In fact, we know that he 
 designed many pieces for London silversmiths. 
 
 In 1745, Hogarth painted that admirable portrait of himself 
 with his dog Trump which is now in the National Gallery in 
 London. In a corner of this he had drawn on a palette a serpentine 
 curve with the words “The Line of Beauty.” This was merely a 
 tangible expression of the hitherto undisclosed influence that 
 Hogarth had imposed upon the designers of the preceding 
 twenty years and which was to continue until the Adam 
 Brothers, with their meretricious neoclassicism, captured the 
 public fancy. 
 
 During the Hogarthian period—1720-1760—the most ex- 
 quisite silver the world has ever seen was produced, and in enor- 
 mous quantities. The geometric figures with straight lines and 
 acute angles of the Queen Anne period gave way to beautiful 
 curved outlines with simple but graceful ornamentation, with 
 none of the stereotyped features that marked the succeeding 
 “Adam” period. | i 
 
 Of course, Hogarth alone could not have brought about this 
 
Old English Silver 9 
 revolution. It was a happy coincidence that there were many 
 talented and artistic craftsmen in London who were his contem- 
 poraries. Some of these were of French Huguenot birth or origin 
 and brought to their trade a refinement that was tempered and 
 strengthened by rugged and less artistic styles than prevailed be- 
 fore this period. An outstanding example is supplied by Paul 
 Lamerie, who worked during the reign of Queen Anne, George I, 
 and George II. He produced pieces of wonderful beauty. He also 
 produced some very ugly pieces. This part of his output may be 
 explained by the fact that he no doubt had mandatory com- 
 missions to reproduce silver of the same type as that owned by his 
 patrons’ forbears. 
 
 Much silver bearing Paul Lamerie’s mark is now on the market, 
 and all, beautiful and ugly alike, brings high prices. 
 
 Ayme Videau was another great silversmith who was also a 
 great artist. William Fawdery, Robert Abercrombie, and Peter 
 Archambo are names distinguished in the reigns of George I and 
 George II. 
 
 The rat-tail spoon, which had originated in the reign of James 
 II and went out of fashion in the reign of Anne, was again made 
 in 1750, and these spoons are commonly found bearing the date 
 letters for the latter half of the Eighteenth Century. Because of 
 a present demand for them, a large number of authentic spoons 
 of the period of George II and early George III are now having 
 tails added to them by clever English artificers. The cost to the 
 antique dealer for each additional caudal appendage is only about 
 three shillings. 
 
 Early in the Nineteenth Century, the people of England were 
 obsessed with the desire to encrust every piece of silver they could 
 find with excessive ornamentation. It happened that even during 
 the reign of Queen Anne some beautiful, straight-sided coffee pots 
 were produced. There was also produced at the same time a much 
 
10 | Old English Silver 
 
 greater number of ugly hexagonal and even octagonal coffee pots. — 
 The beauty of the former lay in the fact that they presented an 
 unbroken curved surface. Those that survived to the period 
 1807-1815 were seized upon almost without exception and marred 
 by decoration. This decoration: was so indiscriminately applied — 
 that in many cases the hall marks, if they were on the side of the 
 vessel, were wholly or partly obliterated. The ugly, angular pieces 
 did not lend themselves to this treatment and have survived, | 
 untouched. A straight-sided George I coffee pot standing eleven 
 inches high, if in its original condition, is worth in the neighbour- 
 hood of $500. When “re-chased,” they sell in the London auction 
 rooms for about one fifth of this sum. The collector must not jump 
 to the conclusion that every piece of silver the hall marks of 
 which have been partially obliterated by chasing 1s an example 
 of ornamentation put on, out of period. It was quite common for 
 silversmiths to send their work to the “hall” to be marked and 
 then chase it afterward. | | | 
 
 There is no nicer criterion of a collector’s skill than his ability 
 to determine accurately whether or not the ornamentation upon 
 a piece of English silver is contemporary with its birth. 
 
 In the year 1300 a statute was enacted which provided that no 
 gold or silver should be sold until it had been assayed by persons 
 duly authorized so to do. Such assay was to be evidenced by im- 
 pressing upon the article tested a leopard’s head. Threescore 
 years later, it was provided by another statute that each gold- 
 smith should have “a mark by himself, which mark shall be 
 known by them assigned by the King to certify their work.” 
 This law also provided that the silversmith should not put his 
 mark upon his goods until after they had been examined by the 
 proper officials. This feature was found to be attended with in- 
 convenience, and although I have been unable to find a statute 
 that abrogated the one last quoted, we know that in 1583 the 
 
“SUIIWISIAATIS YSI]Suyy Jwos 9Y} JO 4Sa3¥] 
 1101S [Nvg JO YOM 9Y} Jo sojduiexa 918 SSYSIP P21aAod 9y T, ‘gOLI Ul SPBUT SYM jo] JY} JB UMOYS dno a[pned sy, 
 
 YHA TS HSTIONY dIO 
 
 SaiLayjoy) ayQ) ayi fo &Saj4noy) 
 
Old English Silver II 
 
 workman affixed his mark 4efore sending it to the assayer’s office, 
 and that custom prevails in Great Britain to-day. 
 
 _ The fashion of denoting the year of manufacture by impressing 
 a date letter, to be determined by the authorities, was probably 
 inaugurated in the reign of Edward IV, and we find that the oldest 
 “hall-marked” English silver pieces are a chalice paten bearing 
 the marks of a leopard’s head, the date letter “B,” and maker’s 
 mark. It has now been determined that that date letter denoted 
 the assay year 1479-1480. As the assay years have from the earli- 
 est time commenced in the month of May in each year, it is 
 always necessary to employ figures representing two years in 
 order to designate any particular twelve months represented by 
 a date letter. Up to 1544, the leopard’s head served a dual purpose. 
 It certified that the article was silver of a certain standard and 
 that it was made in London. In that year, the lion passant was 
 employed as a stamp for silver of standard (.925) fineness, and 
 thereafter the leopard’s head only designated the place of origin. 
 
 The use of the lion as a sterling mark was not restricted to 
 London, but for a long period of time, though used in various 
 parts of England, its employment was not universal. Nor was the 
 leopard’s head restricted to London, but when employed else- 
 where was accompanied by the distinctive mark of the local 
 assay office so that no confusion would ensue. 
 
 It is unnecessary now to go into greater particulars, as the 
 reader can get detailed information upon this point by the pe- 
 rusal of the tables of date letters. 
 
CHAPTER II 
 Frauds and Transformations 
 
 & & HE collector of Old English silver is confronted with 
 sie ce & two perils: 1. He may purchase a “dud” with forged hall 
 ge % + marks or a “transformation,” a term employed to desig- 
 nate an altered genuine piece of silver in which the metamorphosis 
 has been concealed; or (2) he may reject a perfectly good piece 
 
 from an excess of caution or unhealthy suspicion. The latter is the 
 
 more common error. 
 
 If he adopts the rule never to purchase an unauthenticated 
 piece in which the “antiquity” is the preponderating element of 
 value (i.e., apostle spoons, Elizabethan or Tudor silver), the 
 first danger disappears. The truth of this proposition 1s apparent 
 upon brief consideration. A forger will starve if he adds a hundred 
 dollars’ worth of labour to fifty dollars’ worth of silver and sells 
 the finished product for seventy-five dollars. Should he be guilty 
 of this folly, the purchaser will have secured an article worth 
 more than he paid. A corollary to this proposition is that Geor- 
 
 gian marks are not forged for the same reason that a bricklayer 
 
 will not work for five dollars a day when he can get twelve. It is 
 easier to put a credible Charles I mark on a piece of silver than 
 to represent the period of George II, and the Stuart piece would, 
 if genuine, be worth six times as much as the one made a century 
 later. I say “easier” because the later records of Goldsmiths’ 
 Hall are more complete than the earlier ones. 
 
 Like most rules, this has exceptions arising from peculiar 
 
 conditions. Paul Lamerie worked in the reigns of the first two 
 12 
 
 Oe ee a re 
 
Frauds and Transformations 13 
 
 Georges. Authentic pieces by this great silversmith bring such 
 high prices that a forger may be tempted to imitate his mark. 
 Fortunately, the skill required to reproduce the beauty of that 
 master’s work as shown in his best pieces is so rare that hitherto 
 the mark alone has been successfully copied and only the inex- 
 perienced have been deceived. 
 
 A year or so ago, there arose an inexplicable demand for skew- 
 ers. The price for genuine ones—even those made as late as 
 1790—rose from $1.25 an ounce to $5.50. Little silver and no 
 skill were required for their production. Thousands of fakes were 
 turned out. I received a consignment of two dozen all bearing the 
 mark of the same maker and the date letter of one year, 1797. 
 My consignor had been tricked. I sent them back. The purchaser 
 who followed the rule I have laid down, “Do not pay more than 
 the intrinsic value for an unpedigreed article,” would have been 
 amply safeguarded. 
 
 A short time ago, the tremendous demand for silver place plates 
 and their consequent scarcity prompted a forger to make a large 
 number of them bearing the mark of Paul Storr, a prominent 
 London silversmith who commenced his labours in the last 
 decade of the Eighteenth Century and lived into Victorian times 
 —or nearly so. His work is much sought and commands high 
 prices. Some of the forged plates were sold to an American dealer, 
 who became suspicious and took them to Goldsmiths’ Hall, where 
 they were pronounced spurious and the forged marks defaced. 
 If a Queen Anne mark had been counterfeited, the selling price 
 could have been doubled and the “Hall” might, probably would, 
 have refused to stamp them as forgeries. The records of the guild 
 are perfect for 1807; for the period a century earlier, their ar- 
 chives are not so complete. The marks of many makers of that 
 period who undoubtedly were duly registered are missing from 
 the records as they survive to-day. 
 
14 Frauds and Transformations 
 
 “Transformations” are taken from the rule regarding fakes with 
 forged marks for the reason that fraud is not necessarily connected 
 with their birth. Frequently, the transformation is effected with 
 
 innocent motives. One may own a silver tureen lining bearing 
 
 the mark of a famous maker and not have the tureen in which it 
 was intended to rest. A silver base is made and attached, and a 
 beautiful centrepiece is evolved from a piece of metal which, 
 because of its shape, would not retain an upright position upon 
 the table. The hall marks and maker’s mark are still plainly visible 
 when the reconstructed piece is viewed from below, and, if the 
 owner parted with it, a purchaser might think that he had 
 acquired an original piece. 
 
 The foregoing is an example of a “domestic 
 tion.” The commercial transformations are common enough; 
 desk sets from unfashionable cruet stands and salad servers from 
 
 99 66 
 
 transforma- 
 
 large spoons are examples most frequently seen. 
 
 Many hundreds of pairs of “salad servers” bearing authentic 
 marks of the George III period are sold in this country. Origi- 
 nally, they were serving spoons; their bowls have been elongated 
 and prongs cut in one of the pair. They are sold for utility pur- 
 poses and not as cabinet specimens. They are imported in such 
 numbers that the price for which they are sold is little if any more 
 than the cost would be for modern articles of corresponding weight 
 and they are hand-wrought silver, antique, and admirably 
 adapted to their new purposes. It is very doubtful if salad servers 
 as we identify them were known in Georgian times. Forks of all 
 
 kinds were scarce. Their purpose seems not to have been under- 
 
 stood either in England or her colonies until we had well ad- 
 vanced into the Nineteenth Century. It is true that Queen 
 Elizabeth used them (or exhibited them). They were exotic 
 then; of Italian origin. It is also true that we occasionally come 
 across sets rather late in the Eighteenth Century; one set was 
 
 SO yp A lr a re 
 
Frauds and Transformations 15 
 
 found in Norfolk bearing Queen Anne marks, and the author has 
 seen one or two sold in London auction rooms of that early period. 
 Yet the outstanding fact is that whereas now the average house- 
 hold has about as many forks as spoons of modern make, we are 
 offered a thousand Eighteenth Century spoons to one fork of the 
 same period. Political history of the United States teaches us that 
 when John Adams represented this country at Versailles, he and 
 his wife Abigail (the most “advanced” woman of her day) were 
 struck with the cleanliness and utility of the use of forks at the 
 table. When Adams returned to the new republic, he brought 
 forks with him and put them upon his table when guests were en- 
 tertained as well as when he dined alone. This imprudence nearly 
 cost him the presidency. It was first whispered by his friends and 
 then shouted by his enemies that he had abandoned the ways of 
 democracy. 
 
 There is a glut of Georgian spoons; the creation of “salad 
 servers” is helping to reduce the surplus. 
 
 Recently writers have exaggerated the dangers in purchasing 
 English silver. Do not believe that “if one is offered by a dealer 
 an antique silver piece much below the current price, it may be an 
 indication that something is wrong.” It may be that the dealer 
 is unwise or “hard up.” The low price rather tends to negative 
 any presumption of fraud, as it eliminates motive, always a 
 principal factor in wrongdoing. My advice is to buy at once if 
 the price is less than it would cost to produce the article and if 
 the article be one that is desirable if genuine. The matter of 
 provenance can be settled afterward. If you must trust your 
 dealer, you should remember that ability is much more import- 
 ant than honesty. Crime is always a mistake, but dishonest per- 
 sons are not always fools. A roguish dealer usually realizes that to 
 stay in business he must “ride straight,” but there is no protec- 
 tion from a fool. A short time ago, a dealer in London offered me 
 
16 Frauds and Transformations 
 
 a Queen Anne porringer for £3. I promptly bought and paid for 
 it and then asked why it was so cheap. He said “because it is 
 not marked.” It had been made by John Porter, London, 1703. 
 The marks were plain but in an obscure position. 
 
 A recent book on this subject warns us: “‘ Articles made since 
 the time of Elizabeth, with only a maker’s mark, should be 
 avoided, although the unscrupulous dealer will show you in some 
 book of reference that it is the mark of a celebrated silversmith.” 
 So will the scrupulous dealer. Nothing is more certain than that 
 the piece is not fraudulent if so marked. My advice is to buy it if 
 the price is low, measured by the intrinsic worth of the article. 
 It may be “Early American’’! No forger would bother making a 
 piece that he could not sell except without profit. The penalty for 
 simply copying the dealer’s mark and marketing a piece so marked 
 was death, if we hark back to even so late a date as 1820. At 
 the present time, obtaining money by means of “‘false token” 
 is still a felony and is punishable with a long term of penal 
 servitude. That the forgers of hall marks and makers’ marks were 
 prosecuted as violators of the statutes regulating the marking of 
 silver instead of proceeding under the common law of England, 
 is an instance of the tendency of the crown prosecutors to avoid 
 proceedings that would if successful result in the infliction of 
 barbarous penalties. When death was the punishment of crimes 
 now regarded as trivial, judges and prosecutors alike sought to 
 make its infliction as infrequent as possible. Hence the myriad 
 of “technicalities” which a defendant could once invoke, now 
 swept away as the treatment of convicted criminals has be- 
 come more consonant with an enlightened age. 
 
 The absence of the hall marks on an English piece marked only © 
 
 with the maker’s punch has two or three reasonable explanations. 
 One is illustrated thus: A tray is shown to me in Washington by 
 a travelling salesman. It bears the mark of Richard Rugg. Rugg 
 
 eS et oly a ons Fok) 
 
Frauds and Transformations 17 
 
 was a silversmith of the latter half of the Eighteenth Century, in 
 London. I have had many of his trays; he made little else. This 
 tray bore his mark in three places. It was indubitably a piece of 
 Rugg’s handiwork and of the period indicated by his name. 
 Since Elizabethan times, the maker’s mark is punched before 
 taking it to Goldsmiths’ Hall. In this case, Rugg had made a 
 trifling error in his alloy, in excess of the legally allowable varia- 
 tion, and the “Hall’’ had refused to mark it. It was still a per- 
 fectly good tray for the Rugg family. Perhaps Rugg differed from 
 the conclusions of the authorities and added two more punches to 
 emphasize that fact and put the tray in use. A century and a half 
 later, the tray reached America. The other explanation applies 
 with more force to articles made after 1784 (when the tax upon 
 silver ware was introduced) and intended for export. Hall marks 
 meant so little to our ancestors in this country that Low, Ball & 
 Company (Boston, circa 1810), who were the largest importers of 
 English silver of their time, found it necessary to stamp “Coin 
 silver,’ “Guaranteed by Low, Ball & Company,” upon fully 
 hall-marked pieces of silver, made by such well-known makers 
 as the firm of Chawner, Ely & Fearn of London. The author be- 
 lieves that one reason for the large number of pieces attributed 
 to unknown American makers is found here. Pieces made for 
 export were unmarked and, consequently, untaxed. 
 
 When one considers that there was a market in America in 
 Colonial and early post-Colonial times for the products of English 
 silversmiths, and that taxes could be evaded without diminishing 
 the sales value of the goods by exporting them without official 
 stamping (a drawback, for tax paid on goods subsequently ex- 
 ported could be successfully claimed, but its collection involved a 
 good deal of trouble), and that such action was lawful, 1t would 
 seem advisable to look through the lists of British marks wherever 
 American identification cannot be made and the mark consists 
 
18 Frauds and T; ransformations 
 
 of only two initials framed (cartouche, circle, rectangle, oval, etc.). 
 Writing upon this subject, Sir Charles Jackson says: 
 
 From 1597 until 1675 there appears very little of interest to relate concern- 
 ing the London Goldsmiths’ Company. There is not much evidence of any 
 efforts having been made to enforce the old-time laws and ordinances with 
 references to the obligation to submit all gold and silver wares to their assayer’s 
 “touch”, and it seems probable that a large number of goldsmiths in London 
 and the provinces . . . sold wrought plate without being assayed or marked, 
 other than with their own stamp. | 
 
 To pass intelligently pieces purporting or represented to be of 
 early English origin, it is necessary to have a general knowledge 
 of all British provincial as well as the London marks. 
 
 Many beautiful and very valuable pieces of British silver have 
 neither the leopard’s head nor the lion to identify them. You | 
 may come across a spoon marked on the shaft only with a scallop 
 shell and the letters IA, AA, or RS, or with the shell alone. It 
 will have been made in Poole, a town in Dorset, England, circa 
 1540, 1560, 1580, or 1620. It is well not to remember dates, but 
 one should know the shell mark and that it was not used after 
 the reign of James I (1625). 
 
 Sixteenth Century silver of the finest quality was produced in 
 Norwich; and York had an assay office and Goldsmiths’ Guild in 
 1563. The earliest known Norwich piece is a communion cup of 
 1590. It is marked with a castle with a lion beneath, both in the 
 same shield, and a sea gull also in a shield. The lion designating 
 sterling was not used there until 1610. 
 
 Some time ago, the writer purchased—not as an antique—a 
 very well-made covered silver tankard of Queen Anne design and 
 bearing on its base the lion erased, figure of Britannia, and the — 
 date letter for 1697. The maker’s mark was Rc. A hopeless com- 
 bination of letters if intended to represent the beginning of a 
 surname. The piece was a continental forgery, probably Dutch. 
 
‘uontsod yey} ul Wt ,Yyound,, 0} ayqissodu AyjeoisAyd 
 udeq dAvy PlNOm I] ‘QA00IS 9Y} JO dAIND 3y} uodn Ayjensed sivodde mou 31 faovjins vy ve uodn paoeid AyyeumSt3o sem Jaqjv{d ev sem JeyM UO 
 ylvuy[ey oy, Jou sav Ady} fpoyseuyey aq [ye ‘oulnuas jr “pynom 32a} puv ssiaynus ‘yousatpuvs ‘sdoq ‘srapjoy-ay3j0q ‘jret ayy, “Woy Jussoid $31 
 OJUI FT aYVUT YIUISJaAqTIS sty pey ajodjeaq sovsopy “PHL “uopuoyT “ia[puey poy Aq ope taq3e]d urd e Ay[euisiso “Iooy 40 aseq 94} SI J9S-ysep 
 ay} jo yaed [eursiio AjUO sy], “3 uodn yivul $s. Jayvul v Jo aduasqe ayi Aq UMOYS sv JUBWIAD¥/daI B SI a]puFY 2x4], “Peppe UOIJe1ODap pu nods 
 24} pur 3no _ paljaq,, useq sey yaed samoy s3y  “gOLt ‘uopuo’y ul JuadUIA Prempy Aq ape ..UvD,, JO prByUR. [[eI we AT[PUISIIO sem rayouid ay TL, 
 
 “ 
 
 « SNOLLVNUOASNVUL,, LO SHIdINVXH OML 
 
 Sarsayjoy argc ay? fo Ksasnoy 
 
Frauds and Transformations Ig 
 
 If the fabricator had used R followed by a vowel or the letter h 
 the fraud might have gone undiscovered. 
 
 Though the average intelligence of the successful dealer in 
 antiques is high, many, unfortunately, have not the mental 
 equipment and training necessary for the acquisition of a broad 
 general knowledge so essential to sound deduction from visible 
 facts. The average professional man, even without practical ex- 
 perience, would devote more time and thought to the provenance 
 of a piece of silver and reach a sounder conclusion. 
 
 “This is a box for postage stamps; it is over a hundred and 
 fifty years old!” The speaker made his living buying and selling 
 
 cc 
 
 antiques and sold his “expert” testimony. The hall-mark date 
 
 cc 
 
 was 1907, and everyone but an “expert” knows that adhesive 
 Stamps were first used in 1840. 
 
 A church bazaar sent one of their donations, a transparent 
 green stone, to a pawnbroker for classification and appraisal. He 
 had carried on the business for fifty years and made a specialty 
 of precious stones. He pronounced the green crystal “trash.” 
 It was therefore sold for $25. “The purchaser put it before an 
 emerald glass, through which a genuine stone will glow with a 
 dull red light and found that he had a gem. He sold it for $1,500 
 to a New York jobber, who no doubt doubled his money. The 
 pawnbroker had never heard of the emerald glass. Establish the 
 provenance of your own pieces in order to get the most fun and 
 the most profit from the game. 
 
 Though the higher (Britannia) standard of silver ceased to be 
 compulsory in 1720, it has never gone completely into disuse. 
 Once in a while you will come across a piece of silver bearing a 
 maker’s mark consisting of a single letter and a later date 
 than 1720; this marking had been comparatively common forty 
 years earlier, but of course had been discontinued during the 
 period of 1697-1720 when the two first letters of the surname 
 
20 Frauds and T; ransformations 
 
 had been used as the statute directed. The statute of 1720, 
 repealing the “Britannia” law of 1697, provided that thence- 
 forth the maker must use his initials “unless a different mark had 
 been used by him” prior to 1697. This provision was repealed in 
 the early years of George II’s reign, and the use of two initials was 
 made compulsory without exception. During the interim, however, 
 a few dealers had reverted to their ancient custom of using a single 
 initial. This proves a trap for the overcautious collector who may 
 too rashly reject a valuable piece marked with a single initial. 
 
 Every year after 1720 some dealer made Britannia stand- 
 ard silver plate; for the most part, they were presentation or 
 “legacy” pieces. Though the date letter and shields showed they 
 were not of the 1697-1720 period, the presence of the lion erased 
 and the figure of Britannia caused purchasers to deceive them- 
 selves. Shown a piece thus marked by a non-committal dealer, the 
 customer would hurriedly purchase the article in the belief that 
 the vendor was ignorant. When the modern character of the pur- 
 chase would be discovered, the dealer would be described as a 
 “crook.” The dishonesty was often solely on the side of the 
 buyer. Not always. 
 
 Of course, the presence of the King’s head on silver made dur- 
 ing the period 1784-1890, tended to preclude any such mistake, 
 but after the later date the increase of Britannia marked silver 
 was stimulated by the disappearance of the distinguishing feature 
 and the resultant market with unscrupulous dealers who lay in 
 wait for the “‘smart-Alecks.”’ 
 
 In Devonshire, last summer, an antique dealer handed me a 
 modern silver mustard pot bearing the Britannia marks. “’Ere 
 is a piece I cahn’t make ’ed or tail of. Wot do you make of 
 it?” 
 
 “You ought to be able to make head or tail of it, for when you 
 
 showed me a piece exactly like it two years ago, and made the 
 
 > OMe : : 
 Pe Pay ee 2 F a ‘ 
 ee eh ee ae ee) a oe oe eT ee oe 
 
Frauds and T; ransformations 21 
 
 same remark, I told you that it was made in London by —— 
 Brothers in 1925.” 
 
 “Ow! You’re the Banas wot was in ’ere two years ago. 
 Glad to see you again.’ 
 
 And the piece went back on the shelf. He bought them by 
 
 the dozen. 
 
 The enormous advance in the price of antique English silver 
 within the past few months has somewhat altered the conditions 
 upon which certain statements in the earlier part of this chap- 
 ter were predicated. Forgeries of the late Eighteenth Century 
 and even early Nineteenth Century are now much more common 
 than formerly. 
 
 A particular brazen example was seen by the writer while this 
 volume was in the press. The collar of the lid of a Paul Storr 
 kettle had been taken from the original piece and attached as a 
 base rim to a kettle of Continental origin which was unmarked 
 or from which the marks had been removed. An original Paul 
 Storr lamp had been found and placed in a silver stand 
 (unmarked) and the combination was offered to me—as a genu- 
 ine Paul Storr kettle, lamp, and stand! It was quite usual to omit 
 the marking from a lid collar so that the robbery of the original 
 Paul Storr kettle did not impare its value. Naturally enough, the 
 date letters of the added base-rim and the lamp did not corre- 
 spond, but that was a small matter compared with the omission 
 of all hall marks from the lid and body of the kettle itself. Never 
 before had I seen such confidence in the success of a fraud based 
 upon such an airy foundation of deceit. 
 
CHAPTER 111 
 (Marks on London Plate 
 
 EXAMPLES OF THE LEOPARD’s HEAD Mark Founp on PLATE OF 
 A Date ANTERIOR To 1478. 
 
 (THE AscriBED DaTEs ARE APPROXIMATE, ) 
 
 ARTICLE AND OWNER, 
 
 Spoon with hexagonal stem and acorn knop: in the Author’s collection. 
 ‘*dyamond poynt” at end of stem ¢ 
 lion sejant 2 is Mr. J. H, Walter. 
 
 ‘‘dyamond poynt”’_,, me : Lord Hylton, 
 
 : Mr. J. H. Walter, 
 
 DATE. MaRKS, ARTICLE AND OWNER. 
 
 ¢. 1470 SF) le: Spoon topped with seated figure of Our 
 z Lady; leopard’s head in bowl, thé} Mr. J. H. Walter 
 other mark on stem: 
 
 ¢. 1485 B) Pre-Reformation Paten: Hartshorne, Derbyshire. 
 [probably] (The B is probably the maker’s mark.) 
 
 The marks shown below have been found upon an apostle 
 spoon. The A may designate the first year of the following cycle. 
 
 1478-9? & vA @ 
 
 22 
 
Marks on London Plate 23 
 eYcCLeE, I. Creel Hwe lt: 
 
 THREE STAMPS AS BELOW. THREE STAMPS AS BELOW. 
 
 LEOPARD'S 
 CROWNED. 
 
 Tos RE 
 2 8© ~O86; 
 
 a 
 
 RICH. Ill. 
 
 1483-4 
 1484-5 
 
 HEN. Vil. 
 
 1485-6 
 
 Nee 
 
 1486-7 
 
 G2 
 Q 
 
 1487-8 
 1488-9 
 1489-90 
 1490-1 
 
 q+ 
 E 
 
 C9 
 HS 
 
 1491-2 
 | 1499-3 
 {493-4 
 1494-5 
 | 1495-6 
 {496-7 
 1491-8 
 a @ je? eS Ee ee har iad Sra are a eam aren 
 
 Goldsmith to King Richard III., and Lord Mayor in 1482. 
 On Master spoon: Mr. J. H. Walter. 
 
 t 
 eR: 
 t 
 i 
 ft 
 @ 
 sD | 
 o | 
 te 
 & | 
 ty 
 u 
 
24 Marks on London Plate 
 
 CYCLE iit: CYCLE I 
 THREE STAMPS AS BELOW. THREE STAMPS TILL 1544, FOUR STAMPS 
 THENCEFORWARD, 
 
 ai @ 
 as 
 
 goles 
 
 i 
 a 
 
 £3 > 
 © 
 
 ‘1? 
 9 
 Bi 
 0 
 “3 
 2 
 fel 
 a 
 Bi 
 
 a owsaw 
 &> SC 
 
 @ 
 
 BSS 
 
 f 
 0 
 & 
 g 
 Q . 
 u 
 9 
 
 © 
 Me 
 
 Marks on seal- wy Marks on seal-top 
 1536-7 @B cp spoon: Mr. 1544-5 @ CxQ spon: ME. 
 : fn Brand. 
 
 E, A,: Bennett, 
 
Marks on London Plate 25 
 CLs Ve CYCLE’ VI. 
 
 FOUR STAMPS AS BELOW. FOUR STAMPS AS BELOW, 
 
 Ca 
 rat} 
 
 ~GIBOREBIOaGaY =O 
 
 pt 
 un 
 @ 
 2] 
 
 . |g 
 .|@ 
 . 
 . |B 
 . |e 
 18 
 M3 
 8 
 D 
 18 
 rr 
 18 
 |© 
 tf 
 © 
 
 eee 
 a 
 es 3 
 
 ‘ Another example of the date 
 Eres @ letter for this year. 
 
26 Marks on London Plate 
 CYCLE Vilk CYCLE Vite 
 
 FOUR STAMPS AS BELOW. FOUR STAMPS AS BELOW, 
 
 GOES qa si 
 Sega: 
 
 qaqaqas eSa: 
 
 CHEIOZAas#eEeogag 
 C7} 
 > 
 
 ae gO : 
 AHRaAAMOBBASEHaAD 
 
 Be 
 HASHBOaERSA 
 
 eS) 
 4 3] 
 
 an 
 . |B 
 1G 
 1D 
 1G 
 15 
 1 
 | Q 
 10 
 1B 
 i‘ 19 
 | D 
 _1o 
 . Yl. 
 » | OL. 
 Bee 
 Sk 
 . lel. 
 1G 
 
 FB 
 
 Examples of forged 
 London marks of the 
 
 * Another example of the lion 
 fo le VIII 
 
 passant 
 tr Cycle VIII. S33 
 B os 
 
 @ |\gaqgganddqdss 
 
 Messrs. Christie. 
 
Marks on London Plate 27 
 iY CLE IX. CYCLE, 
 
 FOUR STAMPS AS BELOW. FOUR STAMPS AS BELOW. 
 
 8 
 
 a: Gae 
 
 &4OoRMEe 4 ZS 
 S&pgeaqa@aO Ge 
 
 ga & 
 
 ~|@l . 
 re 
 “1G 
 BI 
 DG. 
 PASH 
 » | By. 
 a 
 | Bl. 
 1B » 
 ie 
 “18 
 ele. 
 1 el. 
 @ 
 
 @ Gt - 
 : 
 
 |. 
 Pa) . 
 ao) | - 
 ta | 
 PG | 
 .1o| . 
 EB) | . 
 J | 
 3 
 B | - 
 te | 
 P| 
 19]. 
 gl. 
 18]. 
 * 10 
 Gg 
 U 
 
 Variations of date-letters of this cycle: 
 Variations of date letters of this cycle : 
 
 1664- 1667-8 
 1639-40 | 1643-4 ff 1652-3 1) 1657-8 [J a @ 4 8 
 1671-2 1677-2 i 
 *The lion passant is sometimes found eB i 4d 
 thus : 
 
28 Marks on London Plate 
 
 CYCLE XI. CYCLE XII. 
 
 BRIT. | DATE | HEAD 
 ~ANNIA. LETTER.ERASED. 
 
 In 1697 a law was 
 passed raising the 
 standard of silver 
 from .g25 (sterling) 
 to .958 henceforth to 
 be known as the 
 “Britannia” stand- 
 ard. The same law 
 changed the mark- 
 ings as shown in the 
 column to the right 
 and also provided 
 that the silversmiths 
 should use the first 
 two letters of their 
 surname as a mark 
 and not their initials 
 as theretofore. The 
 law was repealed in 
 1720. The standard 
 for coin of the realm 
 was not changed 
 from sterling. 
 
 Examples of 
 makers’ marks of the 
 period 1678-1716 
 are shown on pp. 58 
 et Seq. 
 
 *See notes on p. 31 
 
—— 
 ' 
 
 si ae ea 
 
 Se re oe ee pe Ee wy eT ORE ARE a ater 
 
 1716-7 
 
 117-8 
 1718 9 
 
 “1719-20 
 
 1720-1 
 
 721-2 
 
 {122-3 
 
 1723-4 
 
 1704-5 
 
 1725-6 
 
 LEOPARDS 
 CROWNED 
 
 ay 
 agddad Ga 
 
 1726-7 | Geass 
 
 GEO. I 
 1727-8 
 1728-9 
 1729-30 
 1730-1 
 
 312 | 
 
 1732:3 
 1733-4 
 
 47345 
 
 1738-6 
 
 dqaagaaea 2 
 
 Marks on London Plate 
 ey CLE, XIII: 
 
 FOUR STAMPS AS BELOW. 
 
 PASSAKT. 
 
 me 
 
 [el 
 eh SA) : & << : 
 Se ems 845880 S@eregcede.. 
 
 -, 2 
 s re, e 
 
 PEPE eS 
 eb eels 
 
 bse Gpne® "Sethe se eee: 
 
 CYCLE: XIV. 
 
 FOUR STAMPS AS BELOW. 
 
 29 
 
30 
 CYCLE XV: 
 FOUR STAMPS AS BELOW 
 
 z 
 is] 
 we 
 
 = 
 
 PE RSSHR AGS Ea. 
 
 a 
 § 
 
 = 
 
 Ba@S BE 
 
 a 
 8 
 G 
 ba) 
 B 
 J 
 G 
 i 
 a 
 a 
 J 
 a 
 Q 
 a 
 EY) 
 3 
 @ 
 @ 
 
 On articles bearing the hall- 
 marks of 1758-9-60, the 
 leopard’s head crowned is 
 
 * 1758-60 24) 
 occasionally found in a shield 
 with pointed base. 
 
 + Date-letters for 1763-4, 1768-9, and 1771-2, 
 are sometimes found to differ from those in 
 general use thus: 
 
 1763-4 36) 1768-9 Es) 1771-2 @ 
 
 Marks on London Plate 
 
 CYCLE XYVi. 
 
 FOUR STAMPS TILL 1784, FIVE STAMPS 
 THENCEFORWARD, 
 
 se} fe) GA ES le 
 EEL 
 
 28 
 
 ~4 
 oe 3 
 
 by 
 @ 
 id 
 G 
 8 
 ud 
 ik 
 0 
 m 
 n 
 0) 
 i 
 Gh 
 iT 
 Ss) 
 it 
 
 — pelewl Ge ole 
 BBE eg @E 
 
 ® The author has also noted the date-letters f of 
 k of 1785-6 in shields with rounded 
 h and i of 1782-3 
 to 1784-5, as well as in shields with pointed bases as 
 illustrated above. On the other hand, the E and 
 
 of 1782-3 and 1783-4, are sometimes found in a 
 shield with a pointed base as in the shield for © 
 
 1781-2, and the 
 bases, similar to those of the g. 
 
 of 1780-1. 
 
 +On some articles dating from 1784 to 1830, the 
 shield enclosing the date-letter has a round se, 
 and the lion passant is sometimes found in an oval 
 stamp. 
 
Marks on London Plate 
 
 CYCLE XVII. 
 
 FIVE STAMPS AS BELOW. 
 
 ca 
 
 *4798-9 
 
 4199 
 1800 
 {800-1 
 {801-2 
 
 1802-3 
 1803-4 
 +1804-6 
 1805-6 
 1806-7 
 {807-8 
 +1808-0 
 1809-10 
 1810-1 
 {811-2 
 
 1812-3 
 1813-4 
 
 ERB RGREREAEREABEES 
 
 B& 
 
 B, 
 @ 
 'D) 
 E, 
 G 
 EL 
 L 
 ‘0 
 P. 
 @) 
 R 
 S. 
 rT 
 
 18145. 
 
 Q- 
 ola] 
 
 1815-6 
 
 Notes for p. 28. 
 
 *Solid gold articles are marked with the leopard’s 
 head and lion passant as 1696 and not with the figure 
 of Britannia and lion’s head erased. 
 
 31 
 
 Variation of lion passant occasionally found on 
 plate of 1679 to 1686. 
 
 1695-6 5 355, iF 
 
 Notes for p. 29: 
 
 $33 
 
 It is very important to note the variation of the date 
 letter, leopard’s head, and lion passant for the year 1726- 
 7 of this cycle. This variation was also found by Sir Chas, 
 
 1727-8 ey iw @ § 
 
 Jackson, but the author has found the same variation for 
 the year 1730-1 on authentic specimens and he has no 
 doubt that date letters in square blocks were used alter- 
 natively with the conventional shields to the end of the 
 cycle (1735-6). When new dies were made in 1736, no 
 doubt this anomalous fashion of enclosing the date 
 letter was discontinued. 
 
 Hoo: 
 = * Variations of 
 » 3 ‘ 
 
 1738-9 & 'C) leopard’s head 
 and lion pas- 
 sant. 
 
 ~ Although a punch for 
 t 8 the leopard’s head 
 
 mark different in form 
 from that of 1739-40 was used between 1751 and 1756, its 
 use was not entirely general, because articles of the latter 
 period are frequently found stamped with the leopard’s 
 head mark as here illustrated. 
 
 {This and other date letters in this cycle are occasion- 
 ally found with somewhat broader backgrounds. 
 
 nna ED 
 
 Notes for p. 31: 
 
 *In 1798 the Stat. 38 Geo. IH, c.69, authorized a new 
 gold standard of 18 carats fine, and provided that it 
 should be marked with a crown and 18 in place of the 
 lion passant. Up to this time gold and silver of the old 
 standard had been marked alike. Gold of the old stand- 
 ard (22 carats) continued to be marked with the same 
 marks as silver of the old standard until 1844, when a 
 crown and 22 were substituted for the lion passant, for 
 the purpose of distinguishing it from silver-gilt. 
 
 rE 
 
 GM 
 
 re) carat gold, as prescribed in the year 
 1798; on gold snuff box; Mr. Harry 
 
 cb) | P} Alston. 
 
 + For 1804-5, 1808-9; and one or two other years, the 
 duty mark has been found in a trefoil-shaped stamp. It 
 has also been found in the oval stamp in the same years. 
 From 1808 to 1815 the king’s head is occasionally found 
 like that shown for 1816-17, 
 
 An example of the marks on 18 
 
 1798 
 
SE aes Marks on London Plate 
 CYCLE XVIII. CYCLE Ate 
 
 FIVE STAMPS AS BELOW. FIVE STAMPS AS BELOW, 
 
 munas | maxes tAGEAn SAS GOR, RUGS agra 
 «'|@ | le2\O loss 
 " a) (0) (ote 
 ' wg] (@I » | - 
 " 1830-40] + D) Me Nye 
 Q) aap} | ety @|.|- |BR 
 ra (841-2 | + if, Res bis BS 
 . | ES (840-3 | @ ee Gow 
 irs wos} |] ~ | » (SSSR 
 - cH 184-§ | H) ~ [oo (Ea | 
 (846-6 | +, R Pea ee aw 
 is ped. 
 : 1846-1 | +s £) ‘ (a a 
 fea | | My . z Hy 
 pee 1HB9 | ) ree 
 : woo] » [GD]. |» (eo . 
 » | (850-1 | + 33 By: (a 
 RH wit] |@i. |» (B 
 | @® wes] (EQ). |. (as 
 » | sd] « |» |» [8B 
 | is] o> [QB] > |» | 
 + | @B west » (GV) @fy 
 
 The shield enclosing the date-letters of Cycle XVIII. and preceding cycles is occasionally found with 
 its base straight, or slightly rounded. 
 4 On plate of the second quarter of the rgth century, the leopard’s head is frequently 
 1825-35 © found without whiskers, as here illustrated from an example on a pierced salt cellar: 
 Messrs. Alstons & Hallam. 
 
 The date-letter JB of 1837-8 is accompanied by the head of Wm. IV. from 29 May to 20 June, 1837. 
 
Tae ae 
 
 Marks on London Plate oe 
 iL AX. CYClry Ox. 
 
 FIVE STAMPS AS BELOW. FIVE STAMPS TILL 1890, THENCEFOR- 
 WARD FOUR ONLY. 
 
 peereees Are kK QUBEN'S WAKER'S LEOPARDS DATE LION QUEEN'S 
 MAKER'S 
 22D LEITER. PASSANT HEAD, GARR. HBAD LETTER.PASSANT. HEAD. MARK. 
 
 10861 1@| |i C we | | GY (EQ | 
 Bi 
 158-9 
 185-40 
 (8 
 i814 
 1802-8 
 “18h 
 1864-5 
 18-4 
 18867 
 
 CES pete Ay, SED (ARN, 
 
 SEs OCh & OH SAO Of SERsanse 
 
 0 
 6 
 Fagus 
 hve 
 
 9 6% 
 
 1867-8 
 {868-2 a) my) 
 
 1869-70 
 1874.1 
 
 99 
 
 1871-8 
 1873-3 
 1893-4 
 1874-5 
 
 it 
 0, 
 B) 
 OD 
 BS 
 3 
 Q 
 Q 
 ‘P 
 GQ 
 % 
 ‘oe 
 re 
 uw 
 
 18164 | 
 
 GEGAIEGAIEIAEGESEEGEaGEd 
 
 *This is merely an example of the Britannia marks as frequently employed after 1720 to denote 
 the higher standard. It is not typical of 1863-4, or of any particular year. Vde p. 20 infra. 
 
 In 1883 a law was passed decreeing that all silver plate brought into the United Kingdom from abroad should, 
 before being offered for sale, be assayed, and if found of the proper standard, marked with an F in an oval. In 
 1904, that law changed and it was directed that such silver should have its fineness indicated by a decimal stamp 
 (925 or .9584) in a long oval and have the symbol of the local assay office (usually a zodiacal sign) also impressed. 
 
34 Marks on London Plate 
 
 CYCLE XXII. 
 
 FOUR STAMPS AS BELOW. 
 
 LEOPARD'S DATE LION MAKER'S 
 HEAD LETTER. PASSANT. MARK. 
 
 1896-7 EVES CO 
 (997-8 
 
 1898-9 
 
 1899 
 1900 
 
 1900-1 
 EOW. Vil. 
 1901-2 
 {902-3 
 1903-4 
 1904-5 
 1905-6 
 1906-7 
 1907-8 
 1908-9 
 1909-10 
 1910-1 
 1911-2 
 1912-3 
 1913-4 
 (944-5 
 
 b 
 id 
 {@ 
 18 
 1 
 i 
 Kk 
 A 
 my 
 a 
 ia 
 ul 
 {@ 
 
 SHEEQSESRB EGR HBGESEESBBO 
 
 | 1915-6 
 
 CYCLE XXIT. 
 
 FOUR STAMPS AS BELOW, 
 
 1916-7 
 
 1917-3 
 
 1918-9 
 
 IgIg-20 
 
 Maker’s mark of 
 1909-10 S. B. Harman: 
 on silver-gilt snuff-box. 
 
 Mark on Church plate: 
 Tait DF) St, Kerverne, Cornwall. 
 
 i. ANS = Mark of L. A. Crichton. 
 
 Date letters of this alphabet will continue in use until 
 1936-7. 
 
CA Pi ik oleV 
 
 DATE. GOLDSMITHS’ MARKS. 
 
 A hand ? 
 Bow and arrow ? 
 
 A horse ? 
 
 Arranged 
 Chronologically 
 
 A plant ? 
 
 A cock’s head erased. 
 
 mee index, p. 211 
 
 A cross pattée. 
 
 A trellis. 
 GOLDSMITHS’ MARKS 
 
 A fleur-de-lys. 
 
 A j Ls 
 Jus A maidenhead. 
 
 A fetter lock. A fish, as 1491. 
 
 A key. An incuse cross. 
 
 A rising sun. 
 ee Bare 
 1509-10 Two links. 
 A fish. = 
 
 1510-1 A flower. 
 
 A horse shoe. 
 A lamb’s head. 
 
 A bird’s head. 
 A foot print. 
 
 W. a” 
 A barrel or tun. 
 
 Head of pastoral staff 
 
 , Orb and cross. 
 A leaf slipped.t 
 
 Gemini. 
 
 A jug, as in 1479. 
 A leaf. 
 
 A gate? 
 MW in monogram. 
 
 SW ” ” 
 
 Heart as 1516. 
 
 19Geurr TOE Ie De 
 
 o 
 4 
 @ 
 Cad 
 if 
 8 
 @ 
 i 
 % 
 8 
 = 
 of. 
 | w% 
 = 
 o 
 ie 
 Q 
 0 
 mate! 
 Q 
 9 
 tm 
 0 
 9 
 
 A fringed S. 
 
 35 
 
1519-20 
 
 0) 
 ee) 
 Bi 
 CO) 
 ey 
 35 
 3 
 © 
 yt 
 e) 
 § 
 2 
 i 
 0 
 8 
 Q 
 & 
 if 
 $< 
 LW] 
 8 
 5 
 @ 
 
 Makers’ Marks 
 
 GOLDSMITHS’ MARKS. 
 
 A heart, 
 A sheep. 
 
 Two links, 
 HK in monogram ? 
 
 D? 
 
 A fringed 5. 
 
 A bunch of grapes. 
 
 A crescent enclosing a 
 mullet. 
 
 An escallop, 
 
 Two links. 
 
 A sun, 
 
 A short sword. 
 A serpent. 
 
 A sceptre ? 
 
 A sun, as 1521. 
 
 An orb and cross. 
 
 A heart, as 1516. 
 Implements crossed. 
 
 A sceptre? see 1523. 
 
 Sc? 
 
 ia heart, see 1516, 
 ” 
 A maid's head, 
 
 A fringed S, as 1519. 
 
 An eagle displayed. 
 
 on London Plate 
 
 DATE. 
 
 GQ@ x 
 
 1533-4 
 
 @GerrOoPF>@nrnoaqaqartasa 
 
 GOLDSMITHS’ MARKS. 
 
 Double-headed arrow, 
 
 T, incuse, charged with 
 3 pellets, 
 
 Crescent enclosing 
 mullet. 
 
 Orb and cross between 
 I C.—John Carswell, 
 
 A fringed S, as 1527. 
 
 Orb and cross between 
 IC, as 1528, 
 
 A fringed S, as 1519. 
 
 A coronet. 
 
 Orb and cross between 
 IC, as 1528. 
 
 A hanap. 
 
 A hand erect, 
 
 ? 
 
 An arbalist ? 
 
 Rose and crown, 
 
 Thomas Wastell, 
 
 Double-headed arrow. 
 
 A basket. 
 
 A fringed S, as 1519. 
 
 A pair of compasses. 
 
 A negro’s head. 
 
 ? 
 
 An eagle displayed. 
 
 A-hand grasping a ham- 
 pepo et H CG 
 (Henry Colville ?) 
 
Makers’ Marks on London Plate a7 
 
 Le a 
 hae 5 Siege pe 
 
 ’ 
 
 DATE. GOLDSMITHS’ MARKS. DATE. GOLDSMITHS’ MARKS. 
 1536-7 x4 A sheaf of arrows. 1551-2 8) Crescent enclosing mul- 
 let. 
 1537-8 ) A fringed S, as 1519. pa AY) A K conjoined. 
 1538-9 ? A pheon ? 2 ” i Stag’s head:caboshed. 
 : ” 8 Swan’s head erased. 
 1539-40 Se) A fringed S, as 1519. 
 1552-3 TL! T L in monogram. 
 1540-1 8 A spray of leaves. 
 ij 1553-4 'B) Robert Danbe, as 1549. 
 ” . 
 ” 2) As 1551. 
 1541-2 Ss A fringed S, as 1519. 
 1554-5 ge As 1552. 
 1543-4 i Orb and cross incuse. 
 ” st Queen’s head as 1545. 
 ” Se) A fringed S, as 1519. 
 1555-6 'G I F (John Freeman). 
 - ba Marigold and letter E. ” T L., as 1554. 
 1556-7 4 Stag’s head, as 1551. 
 1514-5 ok A crab. e 
 A fringed S, as 1541. 
 ” & 54 z Ww § w. 
 1545-6 is A queen’s head. 
 1557-8 as H crowned. 
 ” N B in monogram 
 (Nicholas Bartlemew). 
 ” oss W over a crescent. 
 ih '$) A head 
 1558-9 & A rose (Henry Gillard). 
 1546-7 & A fleur-de-lys. eats ) 
 1547-8 | N Bin monogram as 1545. * 3 C A in monogram. 
 1548-9 3 A covered cup. 
 rsso60| fo | aw. 
 » |@® 
 @) & A lamp. 
 a i M, or W inverted 
 me 3 A bird’s claw, see 1565. 
 1549-50 FB F B. 
 os ig A mullet. 
 ” | R D in monogrant 
 (Robert Danbe). g A Aaorste-lys 
 ” i C A in monogram. 
 2 C C linked, 
 Crowned cross moline. 
 ” NE Fe SK] S K. 
 3550-3, iL A high boot. 1560 1 he 
 9 
 ‘ 8 A hand under a coronet. . g3 A bird. 
 
9 
 
 ay 
 
 GROAG+S3? AOSV SG SSAC CEGSSaGQRR 
 
 Makers’ Marks on London 
 
 GOLDSMITHS’ MARKS. 
 A spur. 
 
 P. C, 
 
 A star radiant. 
 
 Crossed compasses: with- 
 in a radiant circle, 
 
 A fleur-de-lys 
 (Wm. Dyxson). 
 
 R B. 
 
 Three mullets over a 
 crescent (R. Durrant) 
 
 SR, 
 
 Sun in splendour. 
 
 RM. 
 
 W C over a pig 
 (Wm. Cater).. : 
 
 A wallet hook palewise 
 on a cross bendwise. 
 
 N S in monogram 
 (Nicholas Sutton), 
 
 H K conjoined. 
 
 R D in monogram, see 
 1549 (Robert Danbe). 
 
 An eagle displayed 
 (Fras. Jackson). 
 
 Crescent enclosing 
 mullet. 
 
 Eagle’s (?) head between 
 IC 
 
 e 
 
 A fleur-de-lys incuse. 
 
 A hand grasping a cross, 
 see 1564. 
 
 A holly leaf incuse. 
 
 3 mullets over a crescent, 
 as 1561. 
 
 I P (John Pikenynge). 
 
 H W, as 1559. 
 
 A bird. 
 
 W in radiant circle. 
 
 DATE. 
 
 ” 
 
 7 
 
 ” 
 
 ” 
 
 ” 
 
 1566-7 
 
 ” 
 
 Plate 
 
 GOLDSMITHS’ MARKS. 
 
 2306 -QG8R20@ 
 
 GEGaqadaqerese sera 
 
 A spur, 
 
 R D (Robt. Danbe), as 
 1549- 
 
 A mullet, 
 
 A fleur-de-lys, as 1561. 
 
 1c John Cross or 
 John Clark 
 
 A horse’s head couped 
 (Robert Medley ?) 
 
 IS in monogram, 
 
 A campanula, as 1566, — 
 A. 
 
 A bird’s claw, see 1559. 
 
 I P(John Pikenynge), see 
 1563. 
 
 As 1562. 
 
 H W, as 1559. 
 
 R K, 
 
 Stars and crescent. 
 
 A. 
 
 A star radiant, as 1561. 
 
 A campanula, as 1564, 
 
 Acorns, 
 
 W H, pellet below. 
 
ph Seen 
 
 DATE. 
 
 1567-8 
 
 ” 
 
 ” 
 
 Shy seie 
 
 Makers’ Marks on London Plate 
 
 GOLDSMITHS’ MARKS. 
 
 Gong eengHpaeGs Ft enesacsert’ 
 
 A bull's head erased 
 (Affabel Partridge ?) 
 
 A wallet hook. 
 A bird. 
 
 F G in monogram. 
 
 A horse’s head couped, 
 as 1564. 
 
 R D (Robert Danbe), 
 as 1549- 
 
 A hand grasping a 
 hammer, see 1535- 
 
 E R in monogram 
 (Edward Ranklyn). 
 
 T Bin monogram 
 (Thos. Brown or Benson). 
 
 A talbot ? sejant 
 (Thos, Conell). 
 
 A cock’s comb ? 
 
 I F, see 1555 
 (Jasper Fysher ?). 
 
 M. 
 A wallet hook. 
 A bunch of grapes. 
 
 F R in monogram, 
 
 I H, see 1570. 
 
 A globe. 
 
 Two birds. 
 
 Ra. 
 
 A bunch of grapes, see 
 
 1568. 
 
 F, enclosing T, in mono- 
 gram.~ 
 
 A hand grasping ham- 
 mer, see 1567. 
 
 Animal’s head couped. 
 
 DATE. 
 
 @e@eeCOQemkhoaesprsesanaanagg 
 
 8d @ «2 CO} ED 
 
 39 
 
 GOLDSMITHS’ MARKS. 
 
 A hooded falcon 
 (Thomas Bampton). 
 
 R V, a heart beneath. 
 
 A bunch of grapes, see 
 1568. 
 
 A millrind. 
 An orb and cross. 
 A beaked bassinet. 
 
 A K conjoined, see 1551. 
 
 T Eo, in monogram 
 (Thomas Heard). 
 
 T H in monogram 
 (Thos. Harrison or 
 Hampton). J 
 
 A pair of bellows. 
 
 H B conjoined 
 (Hy. Boswell). 
 
 M in plain shield. 
 
 Covered cup 
 (John Mabbe). 
 
 I H (John Harryson).- 
 
 A campanula, see 1564. 
 
 R H conjoined. 
 F? 
 
 A heart. 
 
 Porcupine over T A. 
 
 L reversed, 
 
 A bird (John Bird ?) 
 
 A hand grasping a 
 crosslet, see 1562. 
 
 I piercing G. 
 A beaked bassinet, see 
 
 1570. 
 T G in monogram. 
 
GsGt31aHH 
 
 23 UY 
 
 QAI OCOORS ARoOSBEe 
 
 Makers’ Marks on London Plate 
 
 GOLDSMITHS’ MARKS. 
 
 TL 
 Lombardic A. 
 
 A B conjoined. 
 
 N R conjoined. 
 
 A trefoil. 
 
 A trefoil slipped. 
 
 H B conjoined, see 1570. 
 
 HR, 
 
 A cross couped. 
 
 Grotesque object and 
 bunch of grapes, 
 
 B. 
 
 I F, 
 
 N O in monogram. 
 
 I P in shaped shield, 
 
 A beaked helmet, see 
 1571. 
 
 A millrind, as 1570, 
 A pelican displayed, 
 
 H S in monogram 
 (Henry Sutton). 
 
 H R conjoined, 
 
 A bird, see 1571. 
 Escallop. 
 
 Sun in splendour, see 
 1562, 
 
 C P, an axe between. 
 
 V S, fleur-de-lys below. 
 
 Hand grasping hammer 
 between H C, see 1535. 
 
 DATE. 
 
 1575-6 
 
 a 
 
 2) 
 
 GOLDSMITHS’ MARKS, 
 
 (J 
 ee 
 ceo 
 
 'e, 
 tow. 
 < 
 
 BORED BHM EDEZOeecagcEs ag 
 
 R E in indented border. 
 A K conjoined, see 1570, 
 
 WT, 
 
 T B, 
 
 M, 
 
 ? 
 
 A mallrind, as 1570, 
 A pair of bellows, as 
 
 1570. 
 t b. 
 
 Three trefoils in a trefoil. 
 TH, bear below. 
 An arrow piercing H. 
 A fox sejant 
 (John Foxe). 
 R H in monogram. 
 
 A caltrap. 
 
 A bouget. 
 
 An arrow piercing H, 
 see above. 
 
 W C over a grasshop 
 (Wm. Cocknidge 5 
 A snail. 
 
 t b, see above, 
 
 A mullet between a pair 
 of compasses, 
 
 LR., 
 
 Do. 
 
 M. 
 
 ee eae Re oa 
 
* ‘ 
 “al 
 3 
 
 9 
 
 ih 
 
 9 
 
 1579-80 
 
 158r 2 
 
 iD] 
 
 " 
 
 Makers’ Marks on 
 
 GOLDSMITHS’ MARKS. 
 
 QBagaaaeegaeeSGab ae 
 
 aEgage:6 
 
 A branch. 
 
 S E in monogram. 
 
 AH. 
 
 W H (Wm. Holborne). 
 
 A bird in shaped shield, 
 see 1571.(John Bird ?) 
 
 R P, crescent below 
 (Robert Planckney). 
 
 t b, see 1576. 
 
 S on a cross 
 (Isaac Sutton ?) 
 
 A. windmill 
 (Robert Wright). 
 
 P G in monogram. 
 
 C B in monogram. 
 
 A rose slipped. 
 
 An escallop, see 1573. 
 
 Hand grasping hammer 
 between H C, as 1535 
 (Hugh Crook ?) 
 
 Three trefoils slipped 
 within a trefoil. 
 
 -I Hin monogram. 
 
 S B (Simon Brooke). 
 
 Sun in splendour. 
 
 A four petalled rose 
 seeded. 
 
 Tudor rose. 
 
 Fleur-de-lys. incuse. 
 
 t b, as 1576. 
 
 HW, rose below. 
 
 RW. 
 
 R B in monogram 
 (Richard Brooke). 
 
 London Plate AI 
 
 DATE. 
 
 1581-2 
 
 1582-3 
 
 ” 
 
 GOSBd@sSsasGaadegaBVBaokhsece 
 
 iS 2 é 
 
 GOLDSMITHS’ MARKS. 
 
 H W over a star. 
 
 An escallop. 
 
 A fleur-de-lys. 
 
 A bull’s head. 
 
 I F, see 1555, 1568 and 
 
 1583. 
 Small letter b? 
 
 R S, fleur-de-lys below 
 (Robert Signell). 
 
 A banner bendwise. 
 
 I F, see 1555, 1568 and 
 1582. 
 
 IH. 
 
 IC. 
 W C conjoined, 
 
 A crown. 
 
 Mullet and pellet. 
 
 Mullet and annulet. 
 
 R W, as-1581. 
 
 A caltrap, as 1576. 
 
 An escallop. 
 
 Three trefoils voided. 
 
 M (line across). 
 
 A newt on a tun (for 
 Newton). 
 
 A crescent enclosing W. 
 (Christopher Waiste ?) 
 
 T, over a crescent. 
 T, within a bordure. 
 A mullet and annulet. 
 
 Orb and cross. 
 
9 
 
 ” 
 
 ” 
 
 GHCORGUSSACORSaECHR FSE0HSanve 
 
 Makers’ Marks 
 
 GOLDSMITHS’ MARKS. 
 
 D or! D in monogram. 
 OrE D. 
 
 A chanticleer, 
 
 An escallop, 
 
 I N in monogram. 
 
 T S over a double- 
 headed eagle. 
 
 C B in monogram, see 
 1578. 
 
 I S in monogram, see 
 1578 (John Speilman). 
 
 W over a rose. 
 R F (Robert Frye). 
 
 W S over a rosette. 
 
 D, as in 1587 (Edward 
 Delves ?). 
 
 I M (John Morris). 
 
 H L conjoined. 
 P W over IN. 
 
 A crescent enclosing a 
 mullet. 
 
 A heart over two clubs 
 in saltire, 
 
 R M (Richard Matthew?). 
 
 T F (Thos, Francknall ?). 
 
 T S over a double- 
 headed eagle, as 1587. 
 
 N R conjoined. 
 
 T F (Thos, Francknall ?). 
 
 I G in monogram. 
 
 A crescent inclosing W. 
 
 RW. 
 
 PW. 
 
 on London Plate 
 
 DATE, 
 
 & 
 
 BOSCsa COM aeauaggr240q Soqg 
 
 | Mullet over annulet, see 
 
 GOLDSMITHS’ MARKS, 
 
 I G, as 1592-3. 
 
 D, as 1587, 
 
 I M over a billet 
 (John Morley ?). 
 
 An anchor, 
 
 T H, a rose above and 
 below. 
 
 W H, a rose in base 
 (Wm. Holborne ?). 
 
 A crescent enclosing a 
 mullet, see 1590. 
 
 IH. 
 
 T N in monogram. 
 
 G §S, mullet below 
 (Giles Sympson ?), 
 
 I B, rose in base 
 (John Brodg ?). 
 
 TN, rose in base 
 (T. Newton ?). 
 
 C B in monogram. 
 G A, pheon in base. 
 D. 
 
 Crescent enclosing W. 
 
 Sun in splendour. 
 
 1584. 
 T, see 1599. 
 H B conjoined. 
 
 I H over a bear passant, 
 see 1576. 
 
 I D over a doe lodged 
 (I. Doe). 
 
 I B, badge above. 
 
 R B, mullet below 
 (Richard Brooke ?). 
 
 +7 eee ag = 
 a aS ee nn 
 
DATE. 
 
 1597-8 
 
 1598-9 
 
 2) 
 
 1599- 
 1600 
 
 ” 
 
 r€00-1 
 
 99 
 
 re 
 TF 
 B 
 BS 
 ER} 
 Sy 
 HAY 
 RC 
 e) 
 1B) 
 Y 
 T) 
 WD 
 @ 
 9 
 y 
 G 
 Sy 
 [Mj 
 8 
 9 
 6) 
 Y 
 1) 
 2 
 
 Makers’ Marks on London Plate 
 
 GOLD&@MITHS’ MARKS. 
 
 I B, bow in chief. 
 
 T F, see 1591 
 (Thos. Francknall ?). 
 
 Crescent enclosing W, 
 see 1592. 
 
 Branch between R.P. 
 ER. 
 
 BW. 
 
 IA. 
 
 RC. 
 
 A squirrel. 
 
 I B, rosette below. 
 T, see 1596. 
 
 An anchor, see 1594. 
 A branch. 
 
 S O, a roundlet below. 
 
 Dove, holding olive 
 branch. 
 
 H D, rosette below. 
 
 A cock, see 1587. 
 
 C B in monogram, see 
 1595- 
 
 M in plain shield. 
 
 Three trefoils slipped, 
 see 1585. 
 
 Tau with bar acsoss. 
 
 b, see 1582, 
 Cross couped. 
 Two crescents, 
 
 A merchant's mark. 
 
 DATE. 
 
 G 
 iS) 
 Y 
 Mu 
 bg 
 3 
 & 
 be 
 Bs 
 6 
 1G 
 © 
 e 
 g 
 a 
 A 
 Ae 
 3 
 WI 
 1X, 
 IE 
 1S 
 os 
 
 43 
 
 GOLDSMITHS’ MARKS. 
 
 A wine skin tied at the 
 neck. 
 
 T S in monogram. 
 
 An animal’s head erased 
 between W I. 
 
 A harp, between L M. 
 
 D enclosing C. 
 
 M W in monogram. 
 
 T S, over an Imperial 
 eagle, see 1587. 
 
 T W in monogram. 
 Anchor. 
 
 A B conjoined, see 1571. 
 b, see 1582. 
 
 1G, annulet below. 
 
 C 1 in monogram. 
 
 A T, tun below. 
 
 Three gouttées. 
 
 1 B, fleur-de-lys belovv. 
 A bird over H I. 
 
 A triangle intersected. 
 W I, as 1602. 
 
 A B conjoined, as 1602. 
 Wi. 
 
 IA. 
 
 | 1E. 
 
 M B conjoined, a billet 
 below. 
 
 H M conjoined. 
 
” 
 
 1608-9 
 
 BOGeSRHoacn es OSSsarrBRagag 
 
 Makers’ Marks on London Plate 
 
 GOLDSMITHS’ MARKS. 
 
 A B, as 1602. 
 I A, as 1604. 
 
 Crescent circling W, see 
 1598. 
 
 G. 
 
 R W, rosette below. 
 
 F T in monogram 
 (F. Terry). 
 
 R W."’ 
 
 T R in monogram over 
 W. 
 
 Orb and cross. 
 
 L B, rosette above and 
 below. 
 
 RS. 
 F S, star below. 
 
 H B. 
 
 T H, bugle below. 
 
 W T, animal’s head, 
 erased between, see 
 1€02, ‘ 
 
 G. C. 
 
 A collar and jewel ? 
 C enclosing W. 
 
 C enclosing M. 
 
 Crescent enclosing I. 
 
 C enclosing W. 
 T W in monogram. 
 RS. 
 
 IS, crescent under line 
 in base. 
 
 Crescent enclosing sal- 
 tire. 
 
 TL, 
 
 ” 
 
 ” 
 
 SGSESSCaSMSSCHOMCGeqaoaEgssHRAeo 
 
 GOLDSMITHS’ MARKS, 
 
 & 
 
 A fruit slipped. 
 
 F W in monogram. 
 
 A B, as 1602. 
 T A, mullet below. 
 
 WR. 
 
 S$ O. 
 
 IK. 
 
 A helm, see 1573. 
 
 N R over a head couped. 
 A ship. 
 
 2 
 
 A bird over R P, 
 
 A cross within a bordure. 
 C enclosing I, see 1607. 
 
 EW. 
 
 Crescent enclosing 
 saltire, see 1607. 
 
 Staves in saltire, between 
 
 A growing plant. 
 
 F Sin pe ae 
 
 Ww. 
 
 I W in monogtam 
 (John Wardlaw ?). 
 
 Ke A 
 
 T I, star below. 
 
 T, Over crescent. 
 
 E M in monogram. 
 
 H B. 
 
Makers’ Marks on London Plate 45 
 
 - 2 DATE. GOLDSMITHS’ MARKS. DATE. GOLDSMITHS’ MARKS. 
 4 1610-11 £3 TC, Ww T C between pellets. 
 ] ” (3 T A, star above. MH M H conjoined. 
 v H §S, gerbe in base. 3 W L conjoined. 
 : ” Mi; L M in monogram. NI N. 
 ‘ : H B conjoined, star be- 
 5 si Ad ee oases: FB low (H. Babington). 
 q A; $ Trefoil slipped. RS RS. 
 oa 1611-12 fk ae Ae if I M, a bow between. 
 @ “ cfts Key between W C. RB) 
 é R B. 
 4 z 'B) T B in monogram. IRC) RC, 
 = ” d3 F W in monogram. BF, a trefoil in base 
 3 (Benjamin Francis). 
 4 . * x] Two clubs in saltire.. BY IM and F B. 
 4 is 1T, aye & S O, mullet below. 
 E ” &) Crescent enclosing W, ¢1) I D, rose below. 
 ae see 1598 and 1605, 
 Ss 1612-13 St. Catherine’s wheel. Me R M, bird over. 
 i i g A crested helmet. EM _| HM conjoined. 
 a - a | Unicorn’s head. GS C R, key between. 
 ’ - ” £3 A B conjoined, as 1602. IR _IR, bow beneath. 
 € ” RB) |RB. MH} M'H conjoined, as 1613. 
 : | 4 INR NR. HS, H §S, star below. 
 a IS in monogram. 
 : 7 wie) Key Spang wc, 
 : see 1611. 
 x : ; 8 Anchor in shaped shield, 
 a « x F 7 he monogram, see see 1594. 
 Ee 1609. 
 DE T F,a dragon between. 
 . | a |we 
 3 An escallop. 
 Fe WY T H in monogram. 
 Ry 
 Ki iN A pair of compasses, FD 
 see 1610. eR A bear. 
 
Po Wed 4 _. 
 
 46 Makers’ Marks on London Plate 
 
 s 
 DATE, GOLDSMITHS’ MARKS, DATE. GOLDSMITHS MARKS. 
 
 * A double-headed eagle, ’ AV. 
 W. F. sh 
 1A. “oolley see ae 
 RN. C enclosing I, see 1609. 
 
 I P over a bell. R C, mullet below, 
 
 1A, pellet below. R W, rose below. 
 
 An arrow between W C, 
 
 A phoenix incuse. as 1617. 
 R over W. KX 
 R C, pheon below. i 
 
 E enclosing C. T E in monogram. 
 
 A trefoil within a bordure. F M. 
 
 F G in monogram. A B, roundlet below. 
 
 .e. R K, rose below. 
 
 1617-18 RW. RG. 
 
 H B conjoined. IC, mullet below, 
 
 II, 
 I V, star below, mullet below, 
 
 IS, rose below. 
 R S, heart below. 
 
 I C, rose below. A I over W T. 
 
 R P, mullet below. E L, fleur-de-lys below. 
 
 An. arrow between W C, Small italic a, 
 
 IF. H T in monogram. , 
 T B in monogram within ie 
 T H in monogram: a bordure. “ 
 R over W. 
 A tree between C C, 
 Cc. 
 
 I P, as 1616. 
 
 R D, over crescent, 
 W R, as 1608, : 
 
 BBESEGaEGaGsgaeRgnoaega cashaega 
 GEeegGqs#esele Saegqegseesagsaeaecoge 
 
DATE. 
 
 ” 
 
 2? 
 
 ” 
 
 2h) 
 
 ” 
 
 = 
 - 
 
 1625-6 
 
 ” 
 
 99 
 
 sham edQeseoogsee evans agqeasag 
 
 Makers’ Marks on London 
 
 GOLDSMITHS’ MARKS. 
 
 tn 
 ~ 
 
 Crescent and mullet. 
 
 AH over W W, as 1626. 
 H T in monogram, as 
 
 1621. 
 I F crowned. 
 A trefoil slipped. 
 W C, mullet below. 
 
 I M, mullet below. 
 
 R C, pheon below, as 
 1616. 
 
 E H, pellet above and 
 below. 
 
 R S, a heart below. 
 
 T B, head below. 
 
 R S and anchor. 
 
 IF. 
 
 TH. 
 
 A mullet over an escallop. 
 
 A flower slipped. 
 
 A in a lozenge. 
 
 J in a wreath. 
 
 B Y, a gate below 
 (Benj. Yate). 
 
 IE, a billet below. 
 
 1 V, a star below. 
 
 H S, mullet below. 
 
 S over W. 
 
 H S, star below. 
 
 W S. 
 
 TB. 
 
 DATE. 
 1625-6 
 
 1626-7 
 
 ” 
 
 ” 
 
 ” 
 
 1627-8 
 
 ” 
 
 1629-30 
 
 Plate 
 
 BaeGaanuods BSHaeoes HESBaRs € 
 
 47 
 
 GOLDSMITHS MARKS. 
 
 CB. 
 
 P H in monogram, 
 annulet below. 
 
 A tree. 
 H S, star below. 
 
 H B conjoined, as 1613. 
 R B, mullet below. 
 
 A H over W W. 
 
 B Y, see 1624 
 (Benj. Yate). 
 
 W S. 
 
 WS. 
 S over W, see 1625. 
 
 R I, mullet below. 
 
 W S linked 
 (Walter Shute). 
 
 T B. 
 T E, fleur-de-lys in base. 
 
 ] in wreath, as 1624. 
 
 T V. star below. 
 
 R M, heart below. 
 
 An escallop, see 1615. 
 
 D crossed by a bow 
 sinister wise ? 
 
 A pegasus ? 
 
 B Y, gate in base, as 
 1626, for B. Yate. 
 
 Bow & arrow between 
 W S (Walter Shute ?) 
 
 D enclosing C. 
 
 Anchor between D G, 
 
 R B, mullet below. 
 
B 
 
 GBeaklag@ssGaeeasgetougeargse @ 
 
 Makers’ Marks 
 
 GOLDSMITHS’ MARKS. 
 
 B P, mullet below. 
 
 R C, pheon below, in 
 dotted border. 
 
 C C, as 1617. 
 W S, as 1628-9. 
 
 IT. 
 
 G G, rose above, round- 
 let below, 
 
 PG. 
 
 T D in monogram 
 (T. Dove). 
 
 W over M 
 (W. Maunday), 
 
 R S, heart below. 
 A bolt. 
 
 I M, a bear below. 
 1 A, mullet below. 
 W C, mullet below. 
 R §, star below. 
 
 R S, heart below. 
 
 T B in monogram. 
 
 H M, rose below, 
 
 W C, heart below. 
 
 DW. 
 
 Ww R, arch above, pellet 
 below (W., Rainbow). 
 
 An orb and star, 
 
 Cc Hote 
 
 V S over fleur-de-lis, 
 
 E H. 
 
 P B between crescents, 
 see 1658. 
 
 T E, mullet below. 
 
 DATE. GOLDSMITHS’ MARKS. 
 
 D enclosing C, see r602. 
 
 I M, bird below, 
 
 Owl holding mouse. 
 
 C B in monogram, 
 
 I G over a covered cup. 
 
 I H between pellets, 
 
 I B, a buckle below 
 (J. Buckle ?) 
 
 W over M(W. Maundy), 
 
 Walter Shute, as 1628, 
 
 An escallop, as 1628, 
 
 E S in dotted circle, 
 
 H B conjoined, a sun 
 above, see 1626. 
 
 RC, 
 
 R_S, mullet above and 
 below. 
 
 W over M, see 1633. 
 
 P G, rose below. 
 
 R W between mullet and 
 pellets. 
 
 D W, a mullet below. 
 
 R C, a rosette below. 
 
 P B between two cres- 
 cents. 
 
 F, 
 
 L I, flower below, 
 
 R S under sun in splen- 
 dour, 3 
 An escallop, as 1633. 
 
 R H, 
 
 | RO, 
 
 R S between a mullet 
 and a heart, 
 
DATE. 
 
 ” 
 
 iB] 
 
 ” 
 
 2 
 
 Vv 
 
 > 
 
 ASOBEaBaeaece sa BAGS eEaSSeRansaerse 
 
 R C, as 1634. 
 
 Makers’ Marks 
 
 GOLDSMITHS’ MARKS. 
 
 E C in dotted circle. 
 
 I B, buckle below, as 
 1633 
 
 E R in rayed shield. 
 H M conjoined. 
 B B crowned, six pellets 
 
 below. 
 
 Owl holding mouse, see 
 1632. 
 
 R W, mullet below. 
 
 G M, bird below, in 
 dotted border. 
 
 R W between mullets ° 
 
 in lozenge. 
 
 I over W between three 
 mullets. 
 
 R over W. 
 
 R H between pellets. 
 B F (Benj. Francis ?) 
 C Rin monogram. 
 
 E §, pellet above. 
 
 R G, heart below. 
 R §, heart below. 
 
 I intersecting C. 
 
 A star over an orb with 
 annulets. 
 
 A star over an orb, see 
 1631. 
 
 R B over an escallop. 
 
 R M, rose below. 
 
 A pillar between G S. 
 
 G D, mullet and pellets 
 below (Geo. Day ?) 
 
 W C, heart below. 
 
 on 
 
 London Plate 
 
 49 
 
 DATE. GOLDSMITHS’ MARKS. 
 
 Oa GOS SSGRSereeucasoecsouae 
 
 W M, pellets above and 
 below. 
 
 R G, heart below. 
 
 R A, quatrefoil below. 
 
 I H in circle. 
 
 W T. 
 
 T I over star and pellets. 
 
 T H conjoined. 
 H L conjoined. 
 
 S V (Stephen Venables), 
 see 1645, 1651-3. 
 
 RC. 
 
 F C in monogram, 
 
 W M, mullet and two 
 pellets below. 
 
 I G, mullet below. 
 
 F C between mullets. 
 F, as 1635. 
 
 RR, 
 
 B E crowned, 
 
 IH. 
 
 W S linked, as 1627. 
 C P, rose below. 
 
 T P in shaped shield. 
 
 H B conjoined, see 1613. 
 
 T b in monogram, bird 
 below. 
 
 B F, pellet below. 
 
 A crowned escallop. 
 
 DI. 
 
Lad 
 
 9 
 
 Makers’ Marks 
 
 GOLDSMITHS’ MARKS. 
 
 SdgeudssHqegeqageaqcaaes sae 
 
 ia 
 
 I M, bear below, as 1630. 
 I B. 
 
 R P, mullet below. 
 
 R W, mullet above. 
 
 H B conjoined, see 1639. 
 
 WW in monogram, 
 
 we, 
 W M. 
 
 T H conjoined. 
 RW. 
 
 IF, 
 
 El, 
 
 O M, pheon below. 
 T H, fleur-de-lys above 
 and below. 
 
 II, mullet below. 
 
 W C, heart below. 
 
 I T, pellet below. 
 
 T over M 
 (Thomas Maundy’ ), 
 
 I W, tun below. 
 
 : F. 
 
 R S between mullets. 
 
 R C, 3 pellets above, 
 star below. 
 
 W S, mullet below. 
 
 R K, mullet below. 
 I W, as 1642-3. 
 
 on London Plate 
 
 DATE. 'GOLDSMITHS’ MARKS. | 
 
 TT (indistinct marks). 
 
 TM, see 1641. 
 
 BB. 
 
 D W, mullet below. 
 TG. 
 
 S V (Stephen Venables). 
 
 W T, 
 
 N W, cinquefoil below 
 (Nicholas Wollaston ?) 
 
 I L, pellet below. 
 
 C O (Cardinal Orme ?) 
 
 A F (an ancestor of Ant. 
 Ficketts ?). 
 
 IA, 
 
 RV. 
 (Richard Vaughan ?) 
 
 W M, see 1641. 
 
 S A in mionogram. 
 
 A bird with branch in 
 
 te beak. 
 
 A hound sejant. 
 
 II, pellet below. 
 
 I H in monogram. 
 1G, escallop hidies 
 BE, see 1638, 
 
 Hound sejant. 
 
 M, star below. 
 
 C T, two pellets above, 
 
 A bird. 
 
 Gaenasgaenaougeacadseosaag 
 
DATE. 
 
 1651-2 
 
 ” 
 
 99 
 
 ” 
 
 & qaees&eaeeue ageagaceat saa 
 
 Makers’ Marks 
 
 GOLDSMITHS’ MARKS. 
 S A in monogram. 
 I C crowned. 
 
 A M in monogram 
 (probably A, Moore). 
 
 IW. 
 
 H G, between mullets 
 and pellets. 
 
 I G, crescent below. 
 
 Cock on reversed C. 
 
 S V, see 1638 
 (Stephen Venables ?) 
 
 I T between 3 pellets. 
 
 I R, cinquefoil below. 
 
 AF, 
 
 SV 
 (Stephen Venables). 
 
 R S between mullets. 
 
 I B, buckle below, as 
 1635. 
 
 S A in monogram, see 
 1647. 
 
 R F, muflet below. 
 AF, see 1646, 
 
 W H, star above, pel- 
 let in annulet below. 
 
 H G between mullets 
 and pellets 
 (Henry Greenway ?) 
 
 C T in monogram. 
 
 I V, pellet below. 
 
 S V, as 1651. 
 
 E D, roundlet below. 
 
 on London Plate 
 
 DATE. 
 
 q 
 
 @®@ @G8GSSEGRHEa Ra eOCeBoacae hades 
 
 51 
 
 GOLDSMITHS’ MARKS. 
 
 RR. 
 W H, as 1653-4 
 
 | H G, as 1653-4, 
 
 HN, bird between. 
 
 W C, pellets above, rose 
 and pellets belaw. 
 
 I R, crescent above. 
 
 D R, pellet above and 
 below (Daniel Rutty ?) 
 
 I L in plain shield. 
 
 R N between mullets 
 (Richard Neale ?) 
 
 T B in monogram, see 
 1631. 
 
 R F between pellets. 
 
 R over W. 
 
 F W ina circle 
 (Field Whorwood ?) 
 
 I W, tun below. 
 
 W G between pellets. 
 MG. 
 W G. 
 
 W G. 
 
 A D conjoined. 
 
 C S, a sword in pale 
 (Christopher Shaw ?) 
 
 E L, escallop below. 
 
 G D, mullet and two 
 pellets below. 
 
 | WM, as 1647. 
 
 B or J B in monogram. 
 E T, crescent below. 
 N W, as 1646-7. 
 
 T G in dotted oval. 
 
Makers’ Marks on London Plate 
 
 GOLDSMITHS’ MARKS. ° 
 K F, mullet below. 
 I G, pellet between. 
 I H in monogram 
 between three mullets. 
 A F, see 1652. 
 R W. 
 
 iH W, mullet below. 
 
 H B conjoined, mullet 
 telow, see"1640. 
 W C, rose below. 
 
 P B, see 1632-3. 
 
 I or T. 
 
 G B, flower below. 
 
 S A in monogram, mul- 
 let below, see 1652. 
 F L, bird below. 
 
 Crozier between G S. 
 
 F L over a bird. 
 
 T G in dotted circle. 
 
 | S, a bolt in pale, see 
 1658, 
 
 Ficketts ?), see 1657. 
 
 T A, mullet and pellets 
 below. 
 
 I G, crescent below. 
 M, star below. 
 
 I C, mullet below. 
 
 S V, see 1651. 
 
 R D, fleur-de-lys below. 
 
 SG8Ssqaeeou sesgoehogagcdeaeacsese 
 
 A F, a rose below (Ant. 
 
 DATE. 
 
 Sa @Gaaeeagesgagcaueasegaaae 
 
 GOLDSMITHS’ MARKS. 
 
 I G, mullet below, 
 
 G §S, as 1658. 
 
 T over M for Thomas 
 | Maundy, see 1641. 
 | 
 
 An orb and cross, 
 
 R F between pellets, 
 
 R F and rellets. 
 G D, mullet below, 
 E T, crescent below, 
 
 R A, mullet and two 
 pellets below, 
 
 1 
 | SV, see 1659. 
 
 | T B in monogram, as 
 | 1631, 
 
 | W M, mullet below, 
 S V, see 1659. 
 
 T D between pellets and 
 a rose. 
 
 R D over I B. 
 I I, mullet below. 
 
 R N between 2 mullets. 
 
 T G, 3 pellets above and 
 below. 
 
 T D between mullets 
 and pellets. 
 
 T AC in monogram. 
 
 T T; mullet below 
 
 R N, mullet and two 
 pellets below. 
 
 R L over fleur-de-lys. 
 SR - 
 
 D R, stars and pellets 
 above and below. 
 
 ss. oa 
 
DATE. 
 
 GgesedSSeoasase Sees HPasadEed & 
 
 Makers’ Marks 
 
 GOLDSMITHS’ MARKS. 
 
 on London Plate £3 
 
 DR. 
 
 C A in monogtam. 
 
 H bird with olive 
 branch below. 
 
 E T, crescent below., 
 Do. without crescent. 
 
 R F. 
 
 F P, quatrefoil below. 
 WC. 
 
 GV. 
 
 D R, as 1655. 
 
 I N, mullet below. 
 
 K S between 2 mullets. 
 
 T P between 2 pellets. 
 
 M, as 1659. 
 
 W M, pellet 
 mullet below. 
 
 I F, fleur-de-lys below. 
 
 above, 
 
 T K, fleur-de-lys below. 
 
 I N, bird below. 
 
 E T between mullets 
 and pellets. 
 
 A F, mullet and 2 pellets 
 below. 
 
 W N, 4 pellets below. 
 I G, mullet below. 
 
 T K, cinquefoil below, 
 see 1663. 
 
 I S in heart. 
 
 C H, billet below. 
 H N, as 1662. 
 
 N B, mullet and 2 pellets 
 below. 
 
 I W, woolsack below. 
 
 DATE. GOLDSMITHS’ MARKS. 
 1664-5 W H, cherub’s_ head 
 SY below. 
 = 16) I G, pellet below. 
 “ HG H G between pellets and 
 a mullet. 
 if F W, a mullet and 2 
 pellets above and below. 
 An_ escallop, a mullet 
 - above, see 1624. 
 B, 2 mullets over and r 
 ” below. 
 a H I, mullet below, see 
 1657. 
 R M, between mullets and 
 sg pellets. 
 ” Hi) H in engrailed shield. 
 7 TP T P, pellets and rosette 
 below. 
 ” Ss D R between mullets. 
 z | CrP) T P, a rosette above and 
 below, 
 ~ H B conjoined, a mullet 
 below, 
 - I K, two pellets above, a 
 mullet below. 
 ” ey, T L, a pellet above and 
 below. 
 1665-6 A) A D conjoined. 
 
 %” 
 
 QakSsae 4G 
 
 T R, crescent above. 
 
 P D, 2 pellets above, 
 cinquefoil below. 
 
 I I, as 1661. 
 
 H R, 3 pellets above and 
 3 below. 
 
 P P, star below. 
 
 I G, crescent below. 
 
 A M in monogram, see 
 1650. 
 
 C Y in monogram. 
 
 T A, mullet between. 
 
54 
 
 DATE. 
 1665-6 
 $9 
 
 Ma) 
 
 GES SOrSOhEes easeangsnd@eGen 
 
 Makers’ Marks 
 
 GOLDSMITHS’ MARKS. 
 
 P M in monogram, a 
 coronet over. 
 
 F L, bird below. 
 
 WG crowned, in a 
 dotted circle. 
 
 E M ina dotted circle, 
 see 1673 (Edmund 
 Michell). 
 
 R D crowned. 
 
 W M crowned. 
 
 M , mullet below, 
 
 A ,key between two 
 pellets, 
 
 T M in monogram. 
 
 S S crowned. 
 
 S V, pellet below, 
 R S, a fleur-de-lys below, 
 
 T S, a bird below, 
 
 J, W in monogram, 
 
 B P, escallop below. 
 
 T I, two escallops be- 
 tween. 
 
 T L in plain stamp. 
 
 B ECG in monogram, 
 star above. 
 
 I B, crescent below, 
 
 A M in monogram, 
 crowned, see 1665. 
 
 R S, mullet above, six 
 pellets below. 
 
 P P, six pellets below, 
 see 1655. 
 
 I C, mullet below. 
 
 G V in engrailed shield. 
 
 IC, pellet below, 
 
 on London Plate 
 
 DATE. 
 
 1668-9 
 
 ” 
 
 ” 
 
 GOLDSMITHS’ MARKS, 
 
 yy '| RD, mullet below, 
 
 aebeaeagereaseneeaeessesesgoeg 
 
 R_ D, mullet above, 
 crescent below, 
 
 1 A in dotted circle. 
 
 A L._ between three 
 mullets. 
 
 W G, trefoil below, 
 
 WW, fleur-de-lys 
 
 below. 
 
 T A, star below. 
 
 SN, star below, 
 
 I W, three pellets above, 
 
 RS. 
 
 F W between mullets 
 and pellets, 
 
 T C_ in monogram, 
 pellet below. 
 
 R P, pellet below. 
 
 I L, flower below. 
 
 T H crowned. 
 
 TEH (T E conjoined). 
 
 Fc, 
 T BE in monogram. 
 
 C over W. 
 
 OG, fleur-de-lys below, 
 
 ‘1S, rosette below. 
 
 T P, 3 mullets below. 
 EG. 
 
 D R, coronet over, 
 
 L C crowned. 
 (Lawrence Coles). 
 
 if I I, anchor between. 
 
Py 
 Re: 
 "2 
 ‘ 
 Y 
 DATE. 
 " 1670-1 
 ” 
 ” 
 ” 
 " v 
 ; ” 
 x 
 me 
 . 9 
 < 
 a 
 oe ” 
 Bt 
 * 
 ss “"” 
 : 
 = ” 
 2 ” 
 $s ” 
 sad ” 
 —, 
 as 
 mE 
 a 
 i 1671-2 
 ; 
 : 2) 
 ~ o 
 3 
 > iF 
 and 
 => 
 c ! 
 > 
 
 a 
 : 
 
 _ 
 
 eee ae 
 
 » 
 
 >, 
 . ‘ 
 S. 
 = 
 a 
 : 
 
 ” 
 
 G@GeaqeghaSQGaed ehesasamasaecacqa 
 
 Makers’ Marks 
 
 GOLDSMITHS’ MARKS 
 
 T M over a crown. 
 T K, rosette below. 
 
 I R between rosettes, 
 (John Ruslen ?) 
 
 RH, a cinquefoil and 
 2 pellets below. 
 
 T H, anchor between. 
 
 RN, mullet below. 
 R P between pellets. 
 
 R D, cinquefoil below. 
 
 G crowned, 3 mullets 
 below. 
 
 W H conjoined, mullet 
 below. 
 
 E R, mullet below. 
 
 I D between pellets and 
 a gerbe. 
 
 E G in oblong punch. 
 
 I L over a crescent and 
 pellet. 
 
 G W over a crescent 
 and pellets. 
 
 I L, a mullet below. 
 
 W G conjoined. 
 
 I H over a fleur-de-lys 
 and pellets. 
 
 M G over a trefoil and 
 pellets. 
 
 DC, rossette below. 
 
 I K, rose and 2 pellets 
 below. 
 
 I D, pellet below. 
 W W linked. 
 
 R S between mullets. 
 
 O S, a trefoil slipped 
 below. i 
 
 @RGEASESGHEASOaACSERHAGBSEAOE 
 
 on London Plate 
 
 55 
 
 GOLDSMITHS’ MARKS. 
 
 Ni) A flower slipped. 
 
 P D, five pellets below. 
 
 C M, three pellets below. 
 
 C M, mullet and two 
 pellets below, 
 
 E G, crescent below. 
 IS, two mullets and fleur- 
 
 de-lys above. 
 
 I P, rosette below. 
 
 R P, star below. 
 
 D L, a trefoil over and 
 mullet below. 
 
 R K, a star and pellets 
 below. 
 
 I P, a pellet above and 
 below. 
 
 A H, star above, crescent 
 below. 
 
 W G, pellet below, 
 
 S V, mullet below. 
 
 I C, a pellet below. 
 H L, a pellet below. 
 S R, cinquefoil below. 
 iH. 
 
 H E, a pellet below. 
 
 R G, star above. 
 
 I F, crescent above. 
 T R in monogram. 
 DL. 
 
 = B crowned. 
 
 S C, fleur-de-lys <:bove 
 and below. 
 
C 
 es 
 8 
 set 
 v 
 B 
 @ 
 @ 
 ee 
 9 
 @ 
 Se) 
 0 
 @ 
 9 
 9 
 @ 
 Y 
 8 
 ® 
 B 
 9 
 @ 
 
 Makers’ Marks 
 
 GOLDSMITHS’ MARKS. 
 
 I K, rosette below. 
 
 E H crowned, crescent 
 below. 
 
 S S, fleur-de-lys below. 
 
 L C, crown and crescent 
 (Lawrence Coles). 
 
 H E conjoined. 
 
 R L, rosette and pellets 
 below. 
 
 Another mark of Law- 
 rence Coles. 
 
 E M, see 1666 
 (Edmund Michell ?) 
 
 Ed. Jones ? 
 
 M W (Mathew West ?) 
 G W, crescent below. 
 E M crowned. 
 
 T G, 3 pellets above and 
 3 below. 
 
 G G, George Garthorne 
 (probably). 
 
 I S, John Sutton (prob- 
 ably), see 1683. 
 
 T L, pellet below. 
 
 R D, comet below. 
 
 G T over a mullet voided. 
 
 H _ K, pellet above and 
 below. 
 
 W W between mullets 
 and pellets. 
 
 E H, pellet above, cres- 
 cent below. 
 
 W R conjoined, coronet 
 above. 
 
 J M in monogram. 
 WS. 
 
 D W crowned 
 (David Willaume or 
 Williams ?) 
 
 DATE. 
 
 SGRSERStSSSCHEGCOCHEOSSGEHE 
 
 on London Plate 
 
 GOLDSMITHS’ MARKS. 
 
 ~ 
 
 A M in monogram, see 
 1665. 
 
 G S,a crown and fleur- 
 de-lys above. 
 
 G C, mullet below. 
 
 F C, a rosette below. 
 
 R_ A, winged figure 
 between, 
 
 N. 
 
 B. 
 
 T D, star below. 
 
 M, fleur-de-lys below. 
 T I between 2 mullets. 
 
 I S crowned 
 (Sir Jeremiah Snow). 
 
 AR, 
 
 I B, see.1684 (J. Buck ?) 
 1H. 
 
 I F, mullet below. 
 
 T L, a pellet below. 
 
 I E, a pellet between and 
 below. 
 
 S crowned. 
 
 C W, a fleur-de-lys aLove | 
 
 and below, 
 
 R M in monogram 
 (Richard Morrell ?) 
 
 FS, 
 Y I between escallops. 
 F A, fleur-de-lys below 
 
 K S between mullets. 
 
 T F, mullet below (Sir 
 Thomas Fowles or 
 ffowles). 
 
 > oa 
 a =a? 
 
 = 
 
p 
 A 
 a 
 
 Makers’ M. arks on 
 
 DATE. GOLDSMITHS’ MARKS. 
 
 TO 10 ox Ol. 
 CF W A in monogram. 
 
 T C, a cat above. 
 
 A S H in monogram 
 (Thomas Ash ?) 
 
 W W, see 1674. 
 C E, a pellet above and 
 below. 
 
 S H in dotted circle. 
 
 S R, a cinquefoil and 
 pellets below. 
 
 OS, a pellet above. 
 
 I R, a trefoil above, a 
 pellet below. 
 
 B R in monogram. 
 A castle between I C, 
 
 W S, a mullet and two 
 pellets above & below. 
 
 S G crowned. 
 
 WG, a trefoil below. 
 
 W S, a rosette below. 
 
 H H conjoined, a fleur-de- 
 lys and pellets below. 
 
 M P conjoined under a 
 crown. 
 
 1S crowned. 
 W C, fieur-de-lys below. 
 
 F G, mullet below, for 
 Fras. Garthorne ? 
 
 A K, pellets above and 
 below. 
 
 F S, a pellet above and 
 below. 
 
 D R, a coronet above. 
 
 W § linked. 
 
 London Plate 
 
 DATE. 
 
 ik] 
 
 eRe Sesfasedotesecehaegacaasd 
 
 57 
 
 GOLDSMITHS’ MARKS. 
 
 J G in monogram. 
 
 I B between pellets. 
 E M in monogram. 
 
 I B, pellet below. 
 
 S_ R, cinquefoil voided 
 
 below. 
 
 R N crowned. 
 
 N C, four pellets below. 
 WN. 
 
 T R crowned. 
 
 I A, crescent below. 
 
 A R, mullet and two 
 
 pellets below. 
 
 W over S (Wm. Sanberry 
 or W. Scarlett ?) 
 
 I B, fleur-de-lys below. 
 
 C K, pellet below. 
 I P crowned. 
 T B in monogram. 
 
 Double-seed rose. 
 
 RS. 
 
 A H, pellet above, mullet 
 below. - 
 
 S crowned, 
 N W. 
 
 I R, crescent below. 
 
 T A, three pellets above, 
 a device below. 
 
 K S between mullets. 
 
 T E in monogram, a 
 coronet above. 
 
 E C crowned. 
 
G@SEGSSOHwSSQGESStsaagedes#aea h @ 
 
 Makers’ Marks. on London Plate 
 
 GOLDSMITHS’ MARKS. 
 
 I L, a coronet above, 
 
 T H in monogram. 
 By. 
 
 I M conjoined, 
 R H crowned, 
 
 C K, mullet below. 
 T C, a fish above. 
 
 T A between pellets 
 (Thos, Allen ?) 
 
 B P, escallop below 
 (Benj. Pyne ?) 
 
 T M in monogram. 
 
 H C crowned, 
 
 T S in monogram, 
 crowned. 
 
 R H, mullet below. 
 
 IS, as 1674. 
 
 OS, between trefoils, 
 
 IS, billet below. 
 
 IN, as 1662, 
 
 D C, a pellet above and 
 elow. 
 
 B, see 1675 and 1687. 
 Mark indistinct. 
 
 FS. 
 
 A goose in dotted circle, 
 IH, fleur-de-lys below. 
 
 L C crowned 
 
 (Lawrence Coles). 
 R S, fleur-de-lys below. 
 D G and 2 fleur-de-lys 
 
 in lozenge, 
 
 F G, star below, see 1677 
 (Fras. Garthorne). 
 
 I B, see 1677, 
 
 DATE, 
 
 Sadore eOCGOGedaeaoeggageoecag 
 
 GOLDSMITHS’ MARKS. 
 
 R K, mullet below, 
 
 I S, cinquefoil below, 
 
 I H, pellets above and 
 one below. 
 
 T A in lozen mullet 
 below. ae 
 
 T I, two escallops be- 
 tween, see 1668 & 1684. 
 
 T L, an escallop and 
 pellets below. 
 
 F N, a crescent above 
 and pellets below. 
 
 R L, a trefoil below. 
 
 B over W, with trefoils, 
 
 R_H, crowned, crescent 
 below. 
 
 W F conjoined. 
 
 SE. 
 
 P B in monogram. 
 
 I C, mullet below. 
 
 R C in dotted circle, 
 P L in monogram, 
 S H linked. 
 
 F B, pellets between. 
 
 I M in dotted circle, 
 
 eH, 
 
 M K in lozenge. 
 
 T E, a coronet above, 
 
 L S crowned, 
 
 I I between pellets, 
 
 =. > ee wae 
 
DATE, 
 
 Qeaggaee saar@eascaesea2aeaggse 
 
 Makers’ Marks 
 
 GOLDSMITHS’ MARKS. 
 
 T S, an escallop above 
 and below. 
 
 N W, a star below. 
 
 E N conjoined, under a 
 crown, 
 
 T A, three pellets above, 
 one below. 
 
 . B crowned. 
 
 IH. 
 
 I S, cinquefoil below, 
 see 1680. 
 
 AD. 
 T A in monogram, 
 
 H E conjoined, crowned, 
 see 1673. 
 
 AR. 
 
 F W, cinquefoil below. 
 E G crowned. 
 
 P M, star above, fleur- 
 de-lys below. 
 
 I A in monogram. 
 T EB in monogram. 
 I H crowned. 
 
 W F, knot above, 
 rosette below. 
 
 R L (Richd. Lassels or 
 Ralph Leeke). 
 
 M H, rosette below. 
 
 P R in cypher, pellet 
 below. 
 
 L C crowned 
 (Lawrence Coles). 
 
 SH. 
 
 I P, star above, crescent 
 below. 
 
 C enclosing K. 
 
 on London Plate 
 
 59 
 
 GOLDSMITHS’ MARKS. 
 
 ) <i 
 
 G C, duplicated in re- 
 verse. 
 
 T Z, a crown above, a 
 crescent below. 
 
 I intersecting S, see 167 
 and 1684. if 
 
 T H conjoined, 
 T M (T. Mammal ?) 
 W F, knot above. 
 
 I H, 3 pellets above, 
 
 R P, pellet below, 
 
 SH, fleur-de-lys below. 
 M P conjoined, 
 
 I S crowned, 
 
 FH Bin monogram. 
 
 RI, 
 
 I W crowned. 
 W S, a bird below. 
 
 E B, a rosette below. 
 
 CK, fleur-de-lys below. 
 
 T E, fleur.de-lys above, 
 pellet below. 
 
 M K,_” between cinque- 
 foils. 
 
 I Y, a horse between. 
 
 I S crowned. 
 
 I I, fleur-de-lys below 
 (John Jackson), 
 
 C T. 
 
 I B, see 1675 (J. Buck ?) 
 
60 Makers’ Marks on London Plate - 
 
 DATE. GOLDSMITHS’ MARKS. 
 1684-5 @ W B, a mullet below, 
 v ize =| T W conjoined. 
 
 Sh 
 we 
 
 D B, a star above, an 
 annulet below. 
 
 N G, a pellet between. 
 
 R A, pellets above and 
 below. 
 
 &e-< 
 
 I intersecting S, see 
 1674 and 1683 (John 
 Sutton, probably). 
 
 II, a pellet between, a 
 fleur-de-lys below, 
 
 T I, escallop above and 
 below in quatrefcil. 
 
 CD. 
 
 T C in monogram, 
 
 A H between pellets, 
 JS in monogram with- 
 
 in a wreath. 
 
 P crowned. 
 (Benjn. Pyne). 
 
 T A between pellets. 
 
 O §, trefoil below. 
 E H, crescent below. 
 
 I G crowned: 
 
 RK, annulet below. 
 E O, pellet below. 
 I S, cinquefoil below 
 
 see 1680, 
 
 G G, pellet below, se 
 1674. 
 
 D. 
 W H, fleur-de-lys below. 
 
 P R, coronet over. 
 
 Y Z crowned, crescent 
 below, 
 
 Mt 
 ri) 
 @ 
 G 
 Ri 
 © 
 8 
 ® 
 S 
 @ 
 is) 
 g 
 FO 
 S 
 co. 
 9) 
 BY 
 B 
 y 
 
 DATE. 
 
 fae BOcagaca 
 
 ay 
 <4, 
 
 B 
 G 
 1s) 
 wy 
 etd 
 <a 
 @ 
 % 
 & 
 9 
 B 
 g 
 
 GOLDSMITHS’ MARKS. 
 
 P K, rosette below. 
 
 W K conjoined. 
 
 B B, crescent below. 
 B M, between pellets. 
 
 I S, coronet over 
 (John Shepherd ?) 
 
 T B between pellets, 
 
 T D in monogram. 
 
 G M, 2 crescents above, 
 
 1 below 
 (Geo. Middleton ?) 
 
 A F conjoined, a trefoil 
 below. 
 
 I S under a coronet, 
 RB, 
 Benj. Bathurst (ent. 1677). 
 
 H R between pellets. 
 
 S E between a crescent 
 and annulet. 
 
 Le 
 W R, mullet below.. 
 
 T M in monogram. 
 W L, annulet below. 
 
 M W between pellets. 
 
 I L, escallop above and 
 below. 
 
 W F conjoined. 
 P M between two stars, 
 
 R S, mullet below, 
 
 W M, plume and pellets 
 above, and pellet below. 
 
 C K, mullet below. 
 
DATE. 
 
 1686-7 
 
 ” 
 
 ” 
 
 9) 
 
 1687-8 
 
 a9 
 
 Makers’ Marks on 
 
 GOLPDSMITHS’ MARKS. 
 
 G T RB in monogram. 
 
 a 
 
 i 
 o 
 8 
 3 
 g 
 & 
 @ 
 9 
 @ 
 co 
 @ 
 8 
 re) 
 © 
 MH) 
 © 
 Fe 
 @ 
 S 
 @ 
 ec 
 % 
 
 T P, a trefoil above, a 
 pellet between. 
 
 1 C crowned. 
 
 C K under a mitre ? 
 IC, rosette and 2 pellets 
 
 below. 
 
 W, C, ‘cherub’s head 
 above. 
 
 Y T, 2 pellets above, 
 fleur-de-lys below. 
 
 D B, mullet above, cres- 
 cent inverted below. 
 R 1 in dotted circle. 
 
 F O in monogram. 
 
 C R, mullet below 
 (Christopher Riley ?) 
 
 RH. 
 
 C O, mullet below.- 
 
 E G between mullets. 
 
 R L, fleur-de-lys below 
 (Ralph Leeke). 
 
 1B. 
 
 N G (Nathaniel Greene ?) 
 M H. 
 
 T G in dotted circle. 
 F F, escallop below. 
 I Cin monogram. 
 
 H T crowned. 
 
 B, see 1679. 
 
 EC. 
 
 G S crowned. 
 
 London Plate 
 
 61 
 
 DATE. GOLDSM!THS’ MARKS. 
 
 SGEBOOCBE BOUSEAAGSS SB EeggAaaae 
 
 1688-9 Ha I 1S and three pellets. 
 
 E L, fleur-de-lys below. 
 
 A dagger between I D, 
 
 W M crowned. 
 
 W N crowned. 
 
 S D, pellet below 
 (Samuel Dell ?) 
 
 O S, trefoil below. 
 
 I I, a crown and cinque- 
 foil between. 
 
 M S, 
 
 A pillar between I S. 
 T V between plumes. 
 I F, crescent below. 
 I R, annulet below. 
 
 G S, mullet below. 
 TA. 
 
 H G between mullets. 
 F D in monogram. 
 
 E B. 
 T Cand fish, as 1679. 
 W B. 
 
 I I, see 1684. 
 
 M E conjoined, bird 
 above. 
 
 H H between rosettes. 
 N B under acoronet. 
 
 DA. 
 
 IE. 
 
62 Makers’ Marks on London Plate 
 
 DATE. GOLDSMITHS’ MARKS. 
 
 R L (Richard Lassels ?) 
 
 C S in dotted oval 
 (Clement Stonor), 
 
 T S in monogram in 
 dotted octagon. 
 
 A N in monogram 
 (Anthony Nelme). 
 
 R E, 
 
 W P, mullet below. 
 
 S over W. 
 
 N G (Nathaniel Green). 
 
 TS HE in monogram. 
 
 W B under a coronet. 
 S H linked as 1681. 
 
 K crowned. 
 (Jonah Kirke ?) 
 
 I D crowned. 
 
 EK. 
 
 R L in dotted circle. 
 
 RC in monogram 
 (Robt. Cooper ?) 
 
 TSOL 
 
 R Timbrell, 
 
 JS. 
 
 T L (Timothy Ley). 
 
 T A, fleur-de-lys above. 
 T S between scroll and 
 
 Star. 
 WM. 
 
 GM. 
 GN. 
 T T crowned. 
 
 'GS under a crown and 
 fleur-de-lys, 
 
 DATE, 
 
 we 
 
 SESHESSMRHAEHRSQEHRAREMES 
 
 GOLDSMITHS’ MARKS, 
 
 W B (William Bain- 
 bridge ?) 
 
 I I in dotted oval, see 
 1684 and 1689. 
 
 I D, a sexfoil above and 
 crescent below, 
 
 T H, a crescent below, 
 
 D G under crown and 
 fleur-de-lys (Daniel 
 Garnier), 
 
 A H, a crown above 
 and cinquefoil below. 
 
 M H crowned. 
 
 I C crowned 
 (Jas. Chadwick ?) 
 
 D. 
 
 Ws. 
 
 S D crowned, fleur-de- 
 lys below. 
 
 * (Henry Penstone)) 
 BS. 
 
 SI. 
 
 I E crowned. 
 
 IG. 
 
 G M between mullets, 
 
 RG, 
 
 Bird over monogram, 
 and 3 annulets, 
 
 N G (Natl. Greene ?), 
 see 1687, 
 
 M H. 
 
 A N in monogram 
 (Anthony Nelme). 
 
 1 C over star, 
 
 Three storks. 
 
4 
 
 DATE. 
 
 ” 
 
 e) 
 
 6? 
 
 SESeGbeonseassaramousrsaeel eeude 
 
 Makers’ Marks on London Plate 63 
 
 GOLDSMITHS’ MARKS. 
 
 1 W. 
 
 S C, crown and _ star 
 (Stephen Coleman). 
 
 R T (Robert Timbrell ?) 
 
 G G, as 1684 
 (Geo. Garthorne ?) 
 
 NL. 
 
 W E, mullet above and | 
 below. 
 
 I C in = monogram, 
 crowned. 
 
 G F, fleur-de-lys below. 
 
 I H crowned. 
 
 i 00. 
 B. 
 W G crowned 
 
 (Wm. Gamble ?) 
 W H crowned. 
 
 T A, 3 pellets, and a 
 trefoil. 
 
 D G crowned. 
 
 C A between cinquefoils. 
 I G crowned. 
 
 1S (John Spackman ?) 
 
 I N, star below. 
 
 D A crowned. 
 
 I L, mullet above, fleur- 
 de-lys below. 
 
 _B B, addorsed, in mono- 
 
 gram (Benj. Bathurst ?) 
 
 H C, 3 pellets, mullet and 
 2 annulets, 
 
 C C in monogram 
 (Christopher Canner ?) 
 
 D W (Dd. Willaume ?) 
 
 M E, mullet below. 
 
 DATE. GOLDSMITHS MARKS. 
 
 H P between 2 mullets. 
 
 O, enclosing R. 
 
 T K, fish above, trefoil 
 below. 
 
 E T between 2 pellets. 
 W S (William Scarlett). 
 
 RM. 
 
 I G crowned. 
 
 E M. 
 
 S L in monogram, see 
 1695. 
 
 ST. 
 
 A N in monogram 
 (Anthony Nelme). 
 
 ~ | RD linked, with 4 an- 
 | nulets, 
 
 P crowned (Benj. Pyne). 
 
 R F conjoined. 
 
 H B between 2 mullets. 
 
 H V. 
 
 S H in monogram 
 (Sam Hood). 
 
 I in dotted ellipse. 
 
 I R crowned 
 (John Ruslen ?) 
 
 T A, see 1690 
 (Thomas Allen ?) 
 
 M G, bird above, cres- 
 cent below, 
 
 W H bird below. 
 I F. 
 
 R G, two sexfoils above 
 and one below. 
 
 T H conjoined. 
 
DATE, 
 
 , 
 
 Makers’ Marks on London Plate 
 
 GOLDSMITHS’ MARKS. 
 
 aQoda aMsdecacacsaahaGs came 
 
 I intersecting S, see 
 1684. 
 
 Peter Harache. 
 John Hodson. 
 
 M B conjoined 
 (Moses Brown ?) 
 
 William Keatt, 
 S. 
 
 A G, crescent below. 
 
 M M (Mat. Madden ?) 
 
 Jonah Kirk, 
 
 Isaac Davenport. 
 Anchor between E § 
 crowned, 
 
 S L in monogram. 
 
 S over W. 
 
 M E conjoined. 
 I S, see 1692. 
 W V in monogram. 
 
 GM. 
 
 T Z, crown above, 
 mullet below, see 1683. 
 
 John Penfold (probably). 
 T B, crescent below, 
 
 H C in monogram. 
 
 T Z_ crowned, with 
 mullet below. 
 
 T B, mullet above, 
 crescent below, 
 
 Lawrence Jones 
 
 DATE. 
 
 HPAScsOassgaag 
 
 GOLDSMITHS’ MARKS, 
 
 Thomas Brydon. 
 
 Jonathan Bradley, 
 
 R W. 
 
 Fras, Garthorne, 
 
 F. 
 
 Christopher Canner. , 
 RG, 
 
 I S in monogram. 
 
 T B, crescent below, 
 
 Ga (possibly Fras, 
 Garthorne). 
 
 » 
 ves 
 : 
 — - 
 a 
 + 
 *. 
 
Makers’ Marks on London Plate 65 
 
 DATE. MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. DATE. MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. 
 
 } 
 ’ 1697 Cot Lawrence Coles ent. 1697 | . 1697 & Jas. Chadwick ent. 1697 
 
 Wm. Gibson 
 
 Thriscross.,, a: ” 
 
 ” ” 
 
 Alexr. Roode ren pape a Name not traced. 
 
 Mathew West “rae Oat ’ " Thos. Allen 
 
 Jas. Edgar Ae ae " Moses’ Brown 
 
 Andrew Moore Sher ” Danl. Garnier 
 
 Edmd. Townsend , Thos, Ash 
 
 - 
 - 
 
 Ci Williams , 
 
 - 
 - 
 - 
 
 Mathew Madden i) as 
 
 Fras. Archbold 
 Lawrence Jones Cae uy 
 
 Wm. Francis se ee Benj. Bradford "oo 
 
 John Hodson Wm. Bainbridge ,, 
 
 Smithsend ,, -, 
 Edward Ironside 
 Wimans rat 
 ? Thos. Ash ” ” 
 Benj. Pyne Gael 
 
 Geo. Garthorne ,, 5» 
 
 (probably) 
 p vf Jno. Shepherd ae ae 
 
 ; : Daniel inter ae ts Frances Hoyte 1” OO 
 : (see p. 153) 
 
 c de Hugh Roberts ya 
 ‘ 
 
 fe Isaac Dighton aie; 
 
 é (see p. 155) rm Ed. Jones Gels 
 aS 
 
 x 
 
 : + Wm. Gimber Wa sar teee a Wm. Brett rey, 
 ; ; Fe Edwd. Courthope FF $3 ** Dorothy Grant ” ” 
 a ~ Sam. Hood Fie . Stephen Coleman aaa 
 | E 
 
 Christr. Canner aes. Jno. Brassey ws 
 
 9 
 
 Fras. Garthorne ,,_ 5, Rich. Nightingale ,, 
 
 Geo. Titterton Peart es 
 
 Fee 
 
 Thos. Parr ye hie #8 
 
 ca 
 
 ro Ee eet! | Os 
 
 » 
 
 8S QSURASSAEODIDOHERESE 
 @QSGaQGseeecSecogaaescs aS se enegasgy 
 | 2 
 
 Wm. Denny & \ f 
 
 John Backe Jn’th’n Lambe ies 
 
 & i Be @ 
 
 The date in the left-hand column means that the piece of silver found was dated in that year. It is often 
 much later than the year when the mark was entered. 
 
 ae 
 . 
 a 
 re 
 
DATE. 
 
 SROGAEGERBBSEOSOHEOSORBEBeoeegeaesSe 
 
 Makers’ Marks on London Plate 
 
 MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. 
 
 Jos. Bird ent, 1697, 
 Chas, Overing os 
 Thos. Brydon baa ee 
 Thos. Issod eey' 
 Robt. Peake 
 
 ”” ” 
 
 Wm. Scarlett ape lee 
 
 Jos. Stokes Ue 
 Philip __Rolles on 
 John Fawdery . » 
 Thos, Ash on 
 James Edgar yoo” 
 
 Richard Syngin ” 49 
 
 Joseph Bird se 
 Andrew Moore Ae uceee 
 Joyce = Issod Tee 
 Isaac Dighton i = 9 
 stew Wimang) 
 
 Anthy. Nelme ees 
 Geo. Cox » 1698. 
 John Cove ” ” 
 Wm. Bull ae ghee 
 
 Geo. Garthorne ,, 1697. 
 
 Wm. Mathew ” ” 
 
 Jonath’n Bradley ge 
 
 Edwd. Yorke = 
 
 DATE, 
 
 GOABgleseae FG aGoeoe © SEHMWSIOSO SH 
 
 Henry Collins ? 
 
 Richard Nightingale ? 
 
 Isaac Dighton 
 
 (see pp. 152 and 154) 
 
 Name not traced, 
 
 Jos. Sheene, 
 Benj. Bentley 
 Wm, Matthew 
 
 Wm, - Fawdery 
 
 John Ruslen 
 Wm. Scarlett 
 Jno. Ladyman 
 Robt, Cooper 
 
 Lawrence Coles 
 
 John Sutton 
 John Hely 
 
 Job Hanks 
 Jno, Porter 
 White Walsh 
 Benj. Bentley 
 Wm. Lukin 
 Benj. Traherne 
 John Cory 
 John Diggle 
 
 MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME, 
 
 ent, 1698. 
 
 ” 
 
 ” 
 
 ” 
 
 ”» 
 
 Ad 
 
 ” 
 
 ” 
 
 ”» 
 
 ” 
 
 oe 
 
 1697. 
 
 ” 
 
 1687, 
 
 1697. 
 
 ” 
 
DATE. 
 
 BS 
 ® 
 es 
 ci 
 4 
 oy 
 ® 
 & 
 BLE 
 & 
 @ 
 s) 
 Sy 
 @ 
 0 
 g 
 FA) 
 fh 
 a 
 @ 
 ie 
 vy 
 si 
 
 Makers’ Marks on London Plate 
 
 ie] 
 bas | 
 ry 
 n 
 
 Sam. 
 
 Isaac 
 
 Jno. 
 Sam 
 
 Pierre 
 
 John 
 
 Isaac 
 
 John 
 Joseph 
 
 John 
 
 Richd. 
 
 MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. 
 
 Singleton ent. 1697. 
 
 Thorne 
 
 Davenport 
 Chartier _,, 
 Dell 
 
 Platel 
 Downes ? 
 Davenport 
 
 Gould. 
 Leach 
 
 Ward 
 
 Cory 
 
 Syngin 
 
 Andrew Raven 
 
 John 
 Alex. 
 Philip 
 John 
 
 Wm. 
 Jos. 
 Sam. 
 
 Jno. 
 
 Laughton . 
 
 Roode 
 Oyle 
 
 Broake 
 
 Fawdery  ,, 1700. 
 as 1697. 
 ent. 1701. 
 
 Stokes 
 Wastell 
 
 Jackson 1697. 
 
 Name not traced 
 
 Thos. 
 
 David 
 
 Ralph 
 
 Jenkins 
 
 Willaume 
 
 Leeke 
 
 ent. 1697. 
 
 DATE. 
 
 * 
 
 As 
 
 eeeaeQa 
 
 8 
 Mal 
 LE 
 9 
 @® 
 & 
 @ 
 B 
 a 
 © 
 SI 
 cy 
 i 
 ts 
 io 
 ie 
 S 
 LAN | 
 
 Phillip Roker 
 Mat. Madden 
 George Lewis 
 Henry Aubin 
 Rich. Biggs 
 Steph. Edmonds 
 Wm. Gossen 
 Edm. Proctor 
 John Tiffin 
 Alex. Roode ? 
 Frans. Singleton 
 156). 
 Ed. Gibson 
 Pierre Harache 
 Benj. Watts 
 Sam Hood 
 Sam Jefferys 
 Henry Green 
 Wm. Andrews 
 Thos. Brydon 
 Wm. Keatt 
 Willo’by Masham 
 
 Name not traced. 
 
 Wm, Keatt 
 
 Sam Hawkes 
 
 |F ras. Archbold 
 
 Josh. Field 
 
 MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. 
 
 ent 
 
 ” 
 
 ” 
 
 ” 
 
 ” 
 
 ” 
 
 ” 
 
 9 
 
 ent. 
 
 ” 
 
 a” 
 
 ” 
 
 oh) 
 
 ” 
 
 1701. 
 
DATE. 
 
 ” 
 
 1702-3 
 
 ” 
 
 SBeBEHe sn eoeceeoas@SeSsdsa® 
 
 Makers’ Marks on London Plate 
 
 MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. 
 
 John 
 
 Ralph 
 
 John 
 Danl. 
 
 Alexr. 
 
 Stepn. 
 
 Henry 
 
 Richd, 
 John 
 
 Wm. 
 
 Goode 
 
 Leeke 
 
 Read & \ 
 Sleamaker 
 
 Hudson 
 
 Coleman 
 
 Greene 
 
 Syngin 
 Eckfourd 
 
 Gamble 
 
 Jonath’n Crutchfield 
 
 Humph, Payne 
 
 Name not traced. 
 
 Thos, 
 
 Jos. 
 
 Jno. 
 
 Sadler 
 Ward 
 Downes 
 Cope 
 Waterhouse 
 Barnes 
 
 Russell 
 Chadwick 
 Cooper 
 
 Greene 
 
 Name not traced. 
 
 ent. 1700, 
 
 ” 
 
 ” 
 
 ” 
 
 oI 
 
 as 
 
 ” 
 
 Henry Aubin, see 1700, 
 (earliest ment. 1700), 
 
 ? 
 
 Fraillon. 
 
 Name not traced. 
 
 1697. 
 
 1701. 
 
 DATE. 
 
 1702-3 
 
 ” 
 
 ” 
 
 HSS ROvrESERBEESCHSRPaROAEBSSERSH 
 
 MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. 
 
 Jonathan Madden 
 
 Robt. 
 
 Matt, 
 
 Jno. 
 
 Thos. 
 
 Ed. 
 
 Wm. 
 
 Lovell 
 
 Cooper 
 
 Rand 
 Jenkins 
 
 Gibson 
 
 Andrews 
 
 Name not traced. 
 
 Broake. 
 
 Soane or Soame. 
 
 Jonah 
 Gabl. 
 Saml. 
 Chas. 
 Jno. 
 
 Nat. 
 
 Kirke 
 
 Player 
 
 Smith 
 
 Williams - 
 
 Snelling 
 
 Greene 
 
 Name not traced, 
 
 Wm. 
 
 Wm. 
 
 Warham 
 Charnelhouse 
 Archer 
 
 Peele 
 
 Petley 
 
 Stokes ? 
 
 Denny 
 
 Lewis 
 
 % 
 
 ” 
 
 ” 
 
 ent, 1 702. 
 
 ” 
 
 ” 
 
 bad 
 
 ” 
 
 1704. 
 
 1699. 
 
 1697. 
 
 1699. 
 
Makers’ Marks on London Plate 69 
 
 DATE. MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. DATE. MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. 
 
 Clifton ent. 
 
 am! 1704-5 Thos. Saddler ent. 1701. 
 | Corosey 
 Henry Penstone ,, 1697. 
 Wm. Warham ,, 1705. 
 Jno. Cole 1» os 
 
 + Thos. Corbet ,, 1699. 
 
 Jno. East 4a 
 
 Lock » 1698. 
 
 Z 
 i 
 
 ” & Jno. Gibbon #1700: 
 & Ba John Barnard ,, 1702. 
 ‘AD) Chas. Adam ik 7O2s 
 1706- ‘ Bagbitt 2 
 ” @ Geo. Havers Pa LOO 7s teal he ao » 1703 
 
 ; MA Wm. Middleton ,, i Eee a SELENE vr 8 700: 
 : : ” HV} Alex. Hudson 7 £704, " Wm. Juson 1 1704. 
 EL a cae 
 i ” Wm. Spring , 1701. ” Timothy Ley » 1697. 
 2 ” John Backe »» 1700. 
 Be " Cos Jno. Cooke »» 1699. 
 
 -, ” 
 
 - x 80 Bere) Gone brat Launcelot Keatt sex 7OTs 
 : " FL) Jno. Fletcher ,, 1700. x nen Fyne 9 3097) 
 i 1705-6 w Robt. Timbrell ,, 1697. rs Jacob Margas ,, 1706. 
 
 ise & Wm. Fawdery 1 9» Jno. Ladyman ,, 1697. 
 < a ” Louys Cuny ey LG RSE 
 ” Ate Samuel Pantin 4 igpie 
 PA 
 
 Jno. Abbot »» 1706. 
 
 Jon. Madden __,, 1702. 
 
 (see 1702) Wm. Spring ,, 170%. 
 
 Isaac Liger L704. ” Jno. Crutcher ,, 1706. 
 (see below) 
 
 Wm. Fordham ,,__,. 
 Matthew Pickering ,, 1703. 
 
 & 
 of 
 4 e 
 7 ‘ ie Wm. Fleming ,, 5 
 ap 
 Q 
 wal 
 ® 
 B 
 
 Name not traced. 
 
 Danl. Sleath a 1704s 
 Thos. Spackman ,, 1700. 
 
 Wm. Flemi ee L0G7- 
 Mathw. Lofthouse ,, 1705. oe ang 97 
 
 Thos. Burridge ,, 1706. 
 Saml. Wastell yy F7OI. 
 
 John Leach +» 1697. 
 
 re 
 
 Bh PUPS OS Oaaahesf SSI 
 
 Josh. Readshaw ,, 1697. 
 
 ‘Bl 
 
 Anthy. Nelme ,  » 
 Isaac Liger 1, 1704. 
 
70 Makers’ Marks on London Plate 
 
 DATE, MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME, DATE. MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. 
 
 Pierre Le Cheaube ent. 1707. Wall ent, 1708. 
 
 Richard Hutchinson ,, 1699. Jno. Clifton 
 
 Philip Roker »» 1697. Richard Clarke 
 
 Benj. _—_ Harris Bie 3 John — Chartier 
 
 Jno. W. Stocker & 
 
 Chr, Atkinson »» 1707. Edw. Peacock J” 
 
 Phil, Rainaud rite Clifton (?) 
 Thos, Fawler se eS Allen 
 Jos. Smith sty ag Turner 
 Samuel Lee Re de ce) @ 
 
 Pincking 
 Benj. Pyne » 1697, Greene 
 Saml. Wastell »» Or, Laun. Keatt 
 | John Backe ty» 1700, | Jno. Rand 
 
 Mary Matthew ‘ Simon Pantin 
 
 Jos. Bird »» 1697. Phil. Rolles 
 
 Thos.  Farren +» 1707. See 1702, 
 
 Philip Rolles, Jr. »» 1705. Wm. Francis 
 
 Andrw. Dalton 
 Wm. Warham 6 370 
 
 Ebenezr. Roe 
 
 Lawrence Jones »» 1697. 
 
 Thos. Prichard 
 
 Chris. Riley Hen. Clarke 
 
 Alice Sheene +, 1700, Jas. Wethered 
 
 Jno. Read »» 1704. Richd, Watts 
 
 Jno, Bodington ,, 1697. Thos, Folkingham 
 
 Wm, Fawdery »» 1698, Jno. (Smith 
 
 Henry Greene » 1700. Wm, =_— Hinton 
 
 @ | 
 B 
 a 
 & 
 @ 
 ci 
 ° 
 iB 
 a 
 & 
 Bey 
 R 
 fo 
 
 a 
 B 
 vB 
 & 
 & - 
 ¥ 
 @ 
 oo 
 @ 
 & 
 & 
 
 Anty. Blackford » 1702. 
 
 SSONPMOCEBMMSeseceHhehkea dSapgqes 
 
 Geo. Gillingham 
 
 G 
 
Makers’ Marks on London Plate 16: 
 
 DATE, MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. 
 
 ds 
 @ 
 mw 
 @ 
 ® 
 a 
 ro) 
 Ky 
 oo 
 @ 
 633 
 & 
 RY] 
 Ke) 
 cy 
 & 
 co 
 ow 
 PE) 
 @ 
 S 
 By 
 
 Mettayer ent, 1700. 
 
 Cornock ,, 1707. 
 
 Wisdom 1704. 
 Pearson 17Ip. 
 Twell 1709. 
 Beschefer 1704. 
 
 Margas 1706. 
 
 Rood 1710, 
 
 Keigwin 
 Gabriel Sleath 
 Name not traced. 
 Jacob Margas 
 Jas. Goodwin 
 Abm. Russell (?) 
 
 Robt. Keble 
 Jos. Sheene 
 
 Stockar 
 
 Truss 
 
 Mountfort ,, 
 
 Malyn 
 
 Flight 
 Edmd, Pearce 
 Dorothy Grant 
 
 John East 
 
 Joseph Barbitt 
 
 DATE. 
 
 SSCSSRBRSHEERESR2SE SSS ERRGSOSCHR 
 
 MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. 
 Johan Porter ent, 1698. 
 
 Richard Williams 1712, 
 Wm,  Penstone 
 Ed. Jennings 1709. 
 Jno. Read »» 1704. 
 Lewis Mettayer (probably). 
 Nich, Clausen ent. 1709. 
 
 Holaday 
 
 Courtauld 
 
 Greene 
 
 Chamberlen 
 
 Dalton 
 Matthew 
 Newton 
 Sutton 
 Rand 
 Lofthouse 
 Dalton 
 Gibson 
 Lukin 
 Richd. Bayley 
 Richd. Raine 
 John Hobson 
 Glover Johnson 
 Wm, Turbitt 
 
 Richd, Williams 
 
GSSGHOSSSecossaegeqgoange sags 
 
 Makers’ Marks on London Plate 
 
 MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME, 
 
 Thos, Bevault 
 
 Jno. M. Stockar 
 
 Samuel Margas 
 
 Ambrose Stevenson 
 
 Natl Locke 
 
 Hugh Robert 
 Gabriel Sleath 
 Mark Paillet 
 
 Henry Collins 
 
 Edw. Vincent 
 Jno. Ludlow 
 
 Gundry Roode 
 
 Thos. Mann 
 Thos. Ewesdin 
 Wm. __ Looker 
 John Bathe 
 
 Wm. Juson 
 Seth Lofthouse 
 
 Robt, Timbrell & 
 Benj. Bentley 
 
 David Tanqueray 
 
 Joseph Fainell 
 
 Thomas Bevault 
 
 Glover Johnson 
 
 Mich’! Bou't 
 
 Name not traced, 
 
 ent. 1712, 
 
 1710, 
 
 1706, 
 
 Pas H>CRSCeSeteepGerpageeQuaeage 
 
 John vane % 
 Sam Welder 
 Rich’d Green 
 Jno, Holland 
 Sam]. Hitchcock 
 Saml, Welder 
 Philip Brush 
 Josiah Daniel 
 Nathl. Bland 
 Richd. Gines 
 Henry Beesley 
 Henry Miller 
 Thos, Allen 
 David Killmaine 
 Fras. Plymley 
 John _Corporon 
 Danl, Sleamaker 
 Humph. Payne 
 ‘Petley Ley 
 Thos, Port 
 Richard Greene 
 Edward Jones 
 Josiah Daniel 
 (see 1714) 
 Jas, Goodwin — 
 Danl. Yerbury 
 Geo, Lambe 
 
 MAKERS’ MARK AND NAM&. 
 
 } ent: 
 
 $Y 
 
 9 
 
 ” 
 
 - 170%. 
 
 ” 
 
 ” 
 
 1697. 
 
 1715. 
 w 
 
 1716, 
 
 1704. 
 
 1715. 
 1713. 
 1703. 
 1697. 
 1714. 
 1710, 
 1715. 
 
 1713. 
 
Makers’ Marks on London Plate 73 
 
 DATE. MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. DATE. MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME, 
 
 1717-8 Joseph / Ward enc. 1717, 
 
 Robt. Hill ent, 1716. 
 Thos. Holland Peeve ”" Edward Barnet ay GTS 
 ohn Holland our Is 
 J ptt ” Chas. Jackson ,, 1714. 
 (see 1718 below) 
 Nat. Roe ie i ge 
 ” William Pearson ,, 1710, 
 Jos. Clare oy 2 7%3. (see 1716) 
 - Isaac Riboulau ,, 1714. 
 Thos, Mason PY 10: 
 ; ; or Edw. Barnet Set Ss 
 Paul Lamerie He 7g eS 
 5 Phil, Ropimson! ., £713; 
 : Thos. Ewesdin Ap EVs 
 4 Thos. 1 707. 
 < Jas. - Seabrook os 17%4. M beet rng ges ite 2797 
 ; ~ Jno. Harris aie 3 120, 
 Petley Ley ee yee 
 se Wm. Street peel 7 i7e 
 . Phillip Robinson eek Tide 
 2 cs Jas. Smith ye LETS 
 : Joseph Clare ws 
 (see above and 1719) A Thos. Shermer ea 7Ey, 
 4 Anty. Nelme » 1697. 
 3 : (Re Starling Wilford Se si 
 Es 
 é Geo. Lambe ay F713. Pact tinct re As 
 
 Wm. Bellassyse ae ep P Thos, Burridge ., 5, 
 
 David Green vy I7OI. Wm. Bellamy oF ” 
 
 Jno. Guerrie POR Lee Saat Welder Es st 
 
 Darl. Cunningham ,, 1716. Ambrose Stevenson ,, 1706. 
 
 Jos. Bell. ” oo» Wm. _—siPPetley 1 1717. 
 
 Richd. Edwards enue est Paul Hanet ee ah iy 
 
 Jas. | Morson Sep Ate He John Farnell <,, 1714. 
 Wm. Pearson » 1717. = Chas. Jackson 4, 15 
 Jas.(?) Fraillon A, pies ss Thos. Parr ,, 1697. 
 
 Robt. Kempton Ho ae 
 
 ” 
 
 Geo, Beale ee eRe 
 
 Wm.  Penstone ESky 
 
 PBSAESOHOSEOCSCHRKRSEYRMSG HSS, Ceee 
 BBSSeSCGOOCHPORIBEOCSOSEESHESES 
 
 Ed. Holaday ,, 1709. 
 
DATE. 
 
 ? 
 
 + 
 
 ” 
 
 SEHPohahSeesceosegasee SEORSD 
 
 Makers’ Marks on London Plate 
 
 MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. 
 
 MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. 
 
 David Tanqueray ent. 
 (see 1714) 
 Henry Clarke = 
 (see 1709) 
 Thomas Mason Pes 
 Thomas _ Tearle 
 
 (see 1719 below) 
 
 ” 
 
 ” 
 
 LE 
 
 ” 
 
 0 
 
 John Keigwin 
 John Sanders 
 Wm. Fawdery 
 {as 1705) 
 Wm. Darkeratt 
 Hugh Saunders 
 John Bignell 
 Geo, Gillingham 
 Jno. Millington 
 Jno, Lingard 
 Do, do. (for O.S.),, 
 Thos. Tearle 
 (see 1718-9) 
 Thos, Langford 
 Réné Hudell 
 Wm. Spackman 
 Geo, Boothby 
 John White 
 John le Sage 
 Benj. Blakeley 
 Wm. Paradisé 
 Lawrénce (?) Jones 
 
 1713. 
 
 1709. 
 
 1716, 
 
 1719. 
 
 1710, 
 
 1717. 
 
 1697. 
 
 DATE. 
 
 1719-20 
 
 Ge 
 & 
 e 
 &S 
 & 
 SW 
 Ly 
 i) 
 EH 
 @ 
 & 
 @ 
 
 2005 aH B G> aH 
 
 John 
 
 Gibbons ent, 1700. 
 
 Thomas Shermer 1717. 
 
 Wm. 
 
 Darkeratt 1718. 
 
 (see 1718) 
 
 Edw. 
 
 Barrett 1715. 
 
 James Smith . 1718, 
 
 Gabriel Sleath 1706, 
 
 Thos, 
 
 Allen 
 
 (2nd Mark) 
 
 Thos. 
 
 Edw. 
 
 Saml, 
 
 Thos. 
 
 Morse 
 
 Gibbon 
 Smith 
 
 Steward §. 4, <x 
 
 Clare, as 1716-7. 
 Gerrard ent. 1719. 
 Hickman ,, 
 Pea 27 
 Brydon 
 
 Gladwin 
 
 Starling Wilford 
 
 John 
 John 
 
 Paul 
 
 Lingard 
 
 Jones 
 
 Hanet 
 
 Edwd. Hall 
 
 Bowles Nash 
 
 ——— Hodgkis 
 
 Phyllis Phillip 
 
Il ADYOHD AO NOJAY AHL tO WHATS NOGNOT 
 
 SAdIpJDH al4Q—) ayi fo Ksatsnoy 
 
Makers’ Marks on London Plate ah 
 
 DATE, MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. DATE. MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. 
 
 Joseph Fainell ent, 1710, t7a0-t Bromley _—_ ent. 1720. 
 
 Phyllis Fhillip 1720, th 
 
 Richard Gines Bignell 
 
 ” ed 
 
 Wm. Scarlett 
 (O.S, as before 1697) 
 
 Mary Rood 
 
 Betts 
 
 99 ” 
 
 Boult. 
 
 ve tA} 
 
 Christr, Gerrard Hitchcoc’ 
 
 ” Ly 
 
 John Edwards 1» 1697. Sadler 
 
 Thos. Evesdon 
 (see 1721-2) 
 
 Boothby 
 
 William Looker oy . Rolles 
 ” Hopkins 
 Paul Lamerie we ATES 
 as do. 
 Paul  Crespin » 2720, 2" Welder 
 Geo. Lambe eat LP ” Penfold 
 (widow of) (probably) 
 
 Turner 
 William Fawdery »» 1720, 
 Morson 
 
 Henry Millar oe 
 
 fi Millington 
 Thomas Folkingham ,, _,, Sa Folkingham 
 Petley Ley et ep * Ludlow 
 (see 1716) 
 
 Mann 
 
 > 
 
 John Fawdery i», 1697. 
 
 Matt. Cooper VE Ed. Jennings ~ 
 
 Ann Tanqueray ,, 1720. Do. do. (0.S.) », 
 
 Chas, Jackson erty las Richd. Watts 
 
 Sarah Holaday boa Name not traced, 
 
 o 
 
 SSRPHOHoHAASARBRPSSSRRSERMPEBSSCSESE & 
 
 Hugh Arnett & J. Burridge 
 Ed, Pocock wae 
 
 no. Barnard 
 Name not traced, J 
 
 GBRBSSSso SOROS SOHMSOooeaga 
 
 ” A’brose Stevenson 
 
 Thos. Bamford he ye 
 
& 
 3 
 © 
 cm 
 & 
 cs 
 e 
 @ 
 @ 
 p 
 & 
 [BR | 
 LN | 
 me 
 8 
 ic 
 @ 
 G 
 @ 
 a 
 B 
 @ 
 tt 
 EB 
 @ 
 > 
 
 Makers’ Marks on London Plate 
 
 MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. 
 
 Feline ent, 1720, 
 
 Seabrook 
 Steward 
 Miller 
 
 Squire 
 
 Sleath re 
 Roker (N.S.) ,, 
 do. (0O,S.) ,, 
 
 Brydon 
 
 Greene 
 
 Pearce 
 Brumhall 
 Newton 
 Matthew 
 Lee 
 Clarke 
 Corosey 
 Farnell 
 
 Glover Johnson 
 
 Looker 
 
 Rainaud 
 
 Vincent 
 (probably) 
 
 Liger 
 Jay 
 Clare 
 
 Arnett & 
 Pocock 
 
 DATE. 
 
 MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. 
 
 4 
 
 Esp>Gisiser>oneade b 
 
 ne eH 6 PEE 
 
 Simon Pantin ent. r717. 
 
 John Wisdome ,, 1720, 
 (probably) 
 
 Jane Lambe 1719. 
 Turner 1720. 
 Buteux 
 
 Lee 
 
 Truss 
 do. 
 
 Name not traced. 
 
 Sarah Holaday 
 (see 1720-1) 
 
 Joseph Bell? 
 
 Thos. Evesdon 
 (see 1720-1) 
 
 Edmund Pearce 
 
 Simon Pantin 
 (see above) 
 
 Bowles Nash 
 
 Edward Feline 1720. 
 (see 1720) 
 
 Jno. le Sage 1718, 
 
 Ed, Wood = -, 2° ss 
 Benj. Pyne as 1706. 
 Name not traced. 
 
 Anth. Nelme as 1756. 
 Edw, Jennings ent. 1720, 
 
ee es ee 
 
 Makers’ Marks on London Plate ai 
 
 + 
 DATE. MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. DATE. MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. 
 
 Jno. 
 
 Bignell ent. 1720. 
 
 Richard Watts ent, 1720, 
 
 Natl. 
 
 Gulliver 1» «£722. Ed. Dymond ,, 1722. 
 
 David Willaume 1720. Jeremiah King » 1723. 
 
 Do. do. 
 
 Jno. Eckford. 
 
 | Wm. Soame es 
 
 Isaac Riboulau ” 
 
 7 Pere ‘Pilleau Do. do. ” Oo» 
 Edw. Wood John —_Jones ” oo» 
 Jas. Gould Do. do. » 9 
 Nich. Clausen Henry Dell speigaa. 
 
 | Phil. ‘Wm, Owen New eee 
 
 Robinson 
 
 Phil. Goddard = 98 ” John Gibbons ” ” 
 
 Do. Meshach Godwin _,,_ 1722. 
 
 do. 
 
 Gulliver John East x Tas. 
 
 Natl. 1723-4 
 
 Cornasseau 
 
 Isaac Thos. Farrer »» 1720. 
 
 Do. do. Thos. Morse ” o» 
 
 Michl. Nicholl Aug. Courtauld ,, 1708. 
 
 John Clarke over ® Jnthn. Madden ,, 1702. 
 
 Geo. Young Edw. Peacock ,, 1710. 
 
 Jno. Clarke Richd. Scarlett ,, 1723. 
 
 Jas. Fraillon John Chartier 4, 9» 
 
 Ed. Dymond »» 1722. Arte Dicken +» 1720. 
 
 Joseph Adause e Paul Lamerie  ,, 1712. 
 
 John le Sage John = Jones 1719. 
 
 Edw. Gibbons ,, 1723. 
 
 Philip Brush? 
 Wm. Spackman ,, 1720, 
 
 Isaac Cornasseau ,, 
 
 SPEORRSESHEMESSPHSOSBSBRPABHGBEKBBBES 
 
 Jnthn, Robinson ,, 1723. 
 
 SGRMESCSDIISHHOHSGSHDSCSHEOS 
 
78 Makers’ Marks on London Plate 
 
 ; > 
 DATE, MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. DATE, MAKERS MARK AND NAME. 
 
 John Bignell ent, 1718. 
 
 Jas. Burne ent. 1724. 
 (see 1720-and 1722) 
 
 Geo. Squire »» 1720. Do. do. » 
 
 Saml,. Hatten oa oon 
 Thos. Wall (?) » 1708, 
 
 Arte Dicken? or ,, 5 ag Do. do. ” 
 
 : John Diggle Atay Loop 
 Ed. Peacock 4 6 
 John Motherby (?),, 1718. 
 John Owing ,, ,, 
 
 Sam Hitchcock ,, 1712. : 
 Peter Simon ,, 1725, 
 Wm. Fawdery? ,, 1720. 
 John Gibbons ,, 1723. 
 Jnthn. Robinson _,,_ 1723. 
 
 Aug, Courtauld ” 1708. 
 Richd. Edwards en ieee 
 
 John cee Jaa Josiah Daniel ,, 1714. 
 
 5 ” : 
 John Edwards & Peter Simon ,, 1725+ 
 Geo. Pitches 1723 
 
 ohn Mother 1718, 
 
 Richd.. _Bigge : J by 17 
 (probably) ‘i - 
 
 Richd. Scarlett oo 37TH John ero yy 1717. 
 
 David Tanqueray ,, 1720. Jnthn. Newton ny 1718. 
 
 Abm, Buteux oo 37ST. Abm, de Oliveyra ,, 1725. 
 Meshach Godwin ~ 13722, John Eckfourd ,, ,,. | 
 Humphy. Payne »» 1720. jooh, Healy <4, iq i 
 Paul Crespin Perr 
 
 Do. do. ” ” 
 Jacob. Margas 2 ss Robt, Lucas ,, 1726. 
 Fleurant David +» 1724. 
 
 Do. do, ok 
 
 Mathw. Lofthouse » 24721. 
 
 Goober nhbeshoomsa sos searhoagde 
 
 John Edwards >9 5724; 
 Edw. Conen = “yy 
 John Jones + 57a> 
 W’'sc’mbe Drake os «3724. 
 “J ohn White ’ ” 
 
 Ge>SeoghpP>esaeneoachas@RRacoagene 
 
Makers’ Marks on London Plate 
 
 DATE. MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. 
 
 Jacob Margas ent. 1720. 
 (see 1724) 
 
 Starling Wilford (?) ” ” 
 (see 1728 and 1737). 
 
 Edward Feline Peay) ” 
 (see also 1722-1729) 
 
 John Gibbons 1723. 
 Edw. Vincent ” 
 (see 1729) 
 Thos. Mason »9 1720. 
 Jas. Gould ys 1742: 
 John Edwards ,, 1724. 
 Geo. Wickes hae yee 
 Thos, Clark. so ©1725. 
 Thos. England 1% 
 Wm. Scarlett ey) 
 Peter Tabart > 0 
 Do. do. oo 
 Mathew Cooper ere 
 
 Do. do. eo 
 
 Louis Laroche » 68 
 
 John ~—— Fiavill sy et 720, 
 
 3 Name not traced. 
 Wm.  ODarkeratt§ ,, 1724. 
 Richd. Green 5» 1726. 
 Benj. _- Pyne (as before 1697). 
 Peter Archambo ent. oe 
 
 | 
 Wm. Fawdery’ ,, 1720. 
 
 SPARSSHSBMARHBAARPSoMPcae henge 
 
 Wm. Atkinson ek 725. 
 
 DATE. 
 
 MAKERS MARK AND 
 
 asoemOBQGMeeerms iC aanabe ds OO 
 
 Robt. Lucas 
 (variant of mark ot) 
 
 Thos. Evesdon 
 
 NAME. 
 
 ent, 
 
 (see 1720 and 1721) 
 
 Fras, Nelme 
 Bern’d, Fletcher 
 Thos. Bamford 
 Robt. Williams 
 Do. do. 
 Gawen Nash 
 
 Chas,  Perier 
 
 Do. do. 
 
 Geo. Brome. 
 
 Peter le Chaube 
 
 Isaac  Ribouleau 
 
 “Jas. -Smith 
 Edw. Wood 
 Ed. Cornock 
 
 Saml. Bates 
 
 | Thomas England 
 
 Richard Pargeter 
 Matt. -Cooper 
 (see £725) 
 ?Andrew Raven 
 Jno. le Sage 
 
 Name not traced. 
 
 Sarah Holaday 
 
 | 
 
 John East 
 
 Jonah Clifton 
 
 op 
 
 oe 
 
 as 
 
 os 
 
 os 
 
 o 
 
 9 
 
 79 
 
 * 
 
 1726. 
 
 1713. 
 
 1722, 
 
 1725, 
 1720. 
 £726. 
 ” 
 
 oD, 
 
DATE. 
 
 Sd 
 
 9 
 
 te 
 
 Makers’ Marks on London Plate 
 
 MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. 
 
 Pe@Sea@GesBsOSBSORGIReosRsa@ Ovo Begs 
 
 Do. 
 
 Saml. Laundry 
 
 Edmd, Bodington 
 
 Chas. Kandler & 
 
 Jas. Murray 
 Do, do. 
 Edw. Bennett 
 
 Hester Fawdery 
 Thos, Cooke 
 Richd, Hutchinson 
 
 Chas, Kandler 
 
 Geo. Weir 
 do. 
 
 Name not traced, 
 Brokesby 
 (probably) 
 Bentley 
 Johnson 
 I. Wichaller 
 
 Hatfield 
 
 Sam, Laundry 
 Matw. Cooper 
 David Willaume 
 Danl. Cunningham 
 Richd. Gines 
 
 Geo. Gillingham 
 Chas. Hatfield 
 
 Jacob Foster 
 
 DATE. 
 
 ent, 1727. & 
 1 &® 
 » © & 
 oe 
 vo @ 
 e td @ 
 oe Lid ca 
 eo Ly EG) 
 ay oP 
 a .y 4 a 
 oe oe ® 
 { 
 | & 
 oo R 
 ee o & 
 es re 
 1727- 
 oe TRF | 
 w 1728. 
 } io 
 a» 1727. & 
 a oe | @ 
 w 1725 & 
 ow 1728. 8 
 « 1720. 
 
 LW.-F) 
 °° 08 sw 
 ww 172%. ” 
 
 | 31I 
 o» 1727. 
 ov 3726, 
 
 MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME, 
 
 Saml. Green 
 
 ent. 1721. 
 
 Wm. _— Darkeratt 
 
 eo 1720. 
 James Goodwin o 72%. 
 Tim. Ley (as before 1697) 
 
 Blanche Fraillon ent, 1727. 
 
 Isaac Callard 
 
 »» 1726. 
 Name not traced, 
 
 James Wilkes 
 Peter Archambo 
 
 Josh. 
 
 Holland 
 
 Simon Pantin 
 (see 1729) 
 
 John Millington 
 Edward Bennett 
 Ralph Frith 
 
 Do. do. 
 
 Geo. Hodges 
 Do. do, 
 John Fawdery 
 John Montgomery. 
 ? John Richardson 
 ?.Wm, Fordham 
 Starling Wilford 
 (see 1725 and 1737) 
 ‘John « Tuite 
 Thos, + Tearlé 
 
 Ed. Vincent 
 (see 1725) 
 
DATE. 
 
 TN ee ee ee ee ee eee hg ee 
 
 a ee Se ee a ee ey ee es a Ree eg ee eg Ce 
 
 Lt ee Ng Tee 
 
 Pea! 
 
 1730°t 
 
 AADhDOSHMAZSSVOSOSHOM MSE 
 
 Makers’ Marks on London Plate SI 
 
 MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. 
 
 ) AC | Anthony Nelme _ ent. 
 
 Chas, Martin ” 
 
 Edwd. Feline 
 (see 1722 and 1725) 
 
 %” 
 
 Abel Brokesby =» 
 
 (s€e 1727) 
 
 Stmon Pantin 
 (see 1728) 
 
 George Jones 
 (see 1735-6) 
 
 Name not traced. 
 Paul Lamerie 
 
 Ralph Maidman 
 
 Richd. Scarlett 
 (see 1723) 
 
 Name not traced. 
 John Jones 
 
 Saml. Margas 
 
 Chas. Alchorne 
 Sam. Welder 
 
 Benj. Goodwin 
 Name not traced. 
 Edith Fletcher 
 Eliz. Goodwin 
 
 Maitland 
 
 Aug. Courtauld ent. 1729. 
 
 Paul Lamerie 
 Sanil. Jefferys 
 
 Gabi. Sleath 
 
 ” 
 
 ” 
 
 ” 
 
 +” 
 
 ys 2728. 
 of the “Grasshopper,” Suffolk Street. 
 
 ” 
 
 ” 
 
 SD] 
 
 . 1724. 
 
 172. 
 
 1720. 
 
 1727. 
 
 1719. 
 
 bh 
 
 99 
 
 1712. 
 
 1697 
 
 I 720. 
 
 DATE. 
 
 MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. 
 
 Richd. Bayley ent, 1720. 
 Wm. Belassyse ,, 1723. 
 
 Isaac Callard ok 7 20s 
 
 Wm.  Petley wy 5720. 
 Peré _—Pilleau 
 Chas. Kandler op a 727: 
 
 John White 
 
 Anne Tanqueray ,, 1720. 
 
 ?Saml, Laundry _,,_-1727. 
 (see also 1727) 
 
 John Chapman _,, 1730. 
 (see 1737) 
 
 Samuel Hitchcock 
 Jas. Jenkins ey A AEE 
 Wm. Justus fy oth 
 Wm. Reeve 
 Aaron Bates » 1730. 
 Aug. Courtauld ,, 1708. 
 John Gamon 1° 2728. 
 
 Edwd. Yorke 99 1730. 
 
 Geo. Hindmarsh ,, 1731. 
 
 David Willaume ,, 1728. 
 Wm. Darker a BES 
 Thos. England  ,, 1725. 
 Jane Lambe a 1729 
 Mary Lofthouse ,, 1731. 
 
 T Thos. Merry » 
 Jeffrey Griffith Te) 
 
 GESSHSLAAEHSE HOS SHRBDOHRGP SAD S 
 
82 Makers’ Marks on London Plate 
 
 DATE, MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. DATE. MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. 
 Sarah Parr ent. 1720. Aug. Courtauld ent, 1729. 
 Robt. Abe by & : 
 Ba letearni Vad 473%. Jas. Slater 1732. 
 Wm. Woodward ,, 4, 
 Richd. Bayley 1720. 
 Thos. Causton 5». (2730s 
 Henry Herbert » 1734. 
 (of the “ Three Crowns ") 
 Etienne Rongent Pe ELE 
 Soame o> 1732. 
 Wm. —iDarker wo 
 (see 1731) 
 Buteux 1731. 
 Richd. Beale PP atas 
 Chapman 1729. 
 Sam Laundry &)\ . P 79 
 Jeffy Griffith fe ae 
 Pp Lewis Pantin 
 Joseph Smith. Pe ee 
 Chas. Sprage 
 Boris Sate nner Robt. Abercromby 
 (see 1734) 
 John Sanders 9, X 740. 
 
 Geo. _ Braithwaite ? 
 
 John Fawdery o 2726, earliest ment. 1728. 
 
 (see 1728) 
 Fras. Pages » 1729. Ralph .Maidman ent. 1731. | 
 ? Matt. Lofthouse ,, 1705. Caleb H ill 
 Name not traced. Lewis Mettayer 
 Wm. = Lukin, » 1725. Wm. Gould 
 
 Fras. Spilsbury » 1720. 
 (same mark found in square 
 
 Robt. Abercromby 
 
 stamp). (see 1733) 
 Thos, Parr ent. 1732. John Newton 
 Wm. Matthews ,, 1728, Pantin 
 Jas. Savage a ab Pargeter 
 h P. : 
 John ero »» 1732 Arnell 
 as. Gould Mar ee Coates & 
 Jas, “ : French 
 Geo. Smith $i hee 
 
 Taylor 
 R, W. (as 1696). 
 
 Wm. Soame ss 
 Chas. Gibbons Pri 
 Wm. Shaw Pa Se 
 
 John Eckfourd, jr. ,, 1725. 
 
 pemhammsmesaahBere@seeo ese 
 PSHPSESEGVEHSSSOSDCASPSHEREaR 
 
7 
 7 
 : 
 * 
 | 
 
 : 
 
 Makers’ Marks on London Plate 
 
 DATE. MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME.- 
 
 eal 
 
 GROMRPESES Herm RHpoehehbSBwpaeasns 
 
 French ent 
 
 Brooker 
 
 Hutton 
 Kidney 
 
 Geo. Jones 
 
 Richd. Gurney & 
 Thos. Cook } 
 
 Edw, Bennett 
 
 Fred Kandler 
 Benj. Godfrey 
 (see 1739) 
 Grif. Edwards 
 Wm, Shaw 
 
 Bennett 
 
 White 
 Wm. = Atkinson 
 
 Wm. Young 
 
 Name not traced, 
 (see 1729-30) 
 
 Francis Nelme 
 
 John Barbe 
 Geo. Hindmarsh ,, 
 
 Christn. Hilland 
 
 Name not traced. 
 
 Henry Herbert Hey 
 
 (of the ‘‘ Three Crowns”) 
 
 Lewis 
 
 Name not traced. 
 
 Wm. Garrard 
 
 Sam. Wood 
 
 Hamon ee ELE 
 
 », 1735- 
 
 s9 1733-7- 
 
 1737-8 
 
 ” 
 
 ” 
 
 B 
 
 PEGGCHRPHBPGaHMaSSEl BPR oEBee 
 
 MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. 
 
 Benj. West 
 
 Robt. Brown 
 
 Ann Hill 
 
 Thos. Mason 
 John Jones 
 
 John Fossey 
 Bennet’ Bradshaw & 
 R. Tyrill 
 Jerem. King 
 
 Thos. Mann 
 David Hennell 
 ‘Benj. West 
 Henry Herbert 
 
 ? Harvey Price 
 Joseph. Allen & Co. 
 Geo. Weekes 
 Jos. Sanders 
 Saml. Blackborrow 
 Thos. Whipham 
 Geo. Hindmarsh 
 
 (see 1735-6) 
 Starling Wilford 
 John Chapman 
 (see 1730) 
 
 Robt. Williams 
 Richd. Beale 
 ‘Simon Jouet 
 
 Thos. Jackson 
 Thos. Gladwin 
 
 83 
 
 ent. 1737. 
 ve 1736. 
 1 1734. 
 
 » 1733- 
 
 " ” 
 
 w 1737+ 
 
 » 1734. 
 
 rt 720; 
 » =1729. 
 vw 1735- 
 » 1730. 
 2» 1720. 
 ” 1737: 
 1» 1735- 
 9 1729. 
 
 » 1730. 
 
 ed 720: 
 
 SRG ERE 
 » 1736. 
 
 ” 1737: 
 
84 Makers’ Marks on London Plate 
 
 DATE. MAKERS MARK AND NAME, DATE. MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. 
 
 1739-40 dip Ilumphrey Payne 
 
 & Sarah Holaday 
 
 Benj. Godfrey 
 (see 1735) 
 
 Thos. Whipham 
 
 John Barrett ent. 
 
 Geo. Baskerville ,, 
 
 Philip Platel pa 
 Jas. Jenkins ” 
 
 Gundry Roode | sh ; 
 Chas. Hillan 
 
 John Robinson ,, 
 
 B 
 
 Kidney 
 
 Jas. Schrude: e 
 Lamerie 
 
 Wm. Soame ” 
 Blakeley 
 
 Sam. Wood + 
 Callerd 
 Denis Wilks ak 
 
 Griffith 
 Richd. Zouch F 
 Tearle 
 Thos, Whipham ,, 
 Fossy 
 Fred Kandler os 
 
 Crespin 
 Jno. Robinson _,, ' 
 
 : Harwood 
 Louis Dupont ay 
 
 ‘Thos, Rush 3 Bayley 
 
 Benj. Blakeley 3 Abercromby 
 
 Henry Bates a Dupont 
 
 2 
 
 OSs GSO RPRBASHSYHSAICAESLRSEO 
 
 | Philip Brugier _,, Hunter. 
 
 Wm. West A Gwillim 
 
 Fras. Pages = Boothby 
 Robt. Hill = 
 James Langlois __,, 
 Fred Kandler . 
 
 ? Richd. Bayler ” 
 
 John Pero 
 (see 1732) 
 
 ” 
 
 BESeseG GG BSR SSEBESOE 
 
Makers’ Marks on London Plate 85 
 
 DATE. MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. DATE. MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. 
 
 1739-40 Thos, England ent, 1739. 
 
 Benj. Sanders ent. 1739. 
 
 AS 
 
 SPERSORBRESSESSSISHOSSESAFRBRAEESSH 
 
 Robt. Lucas ae Abm. de Oliveyra aah He 
 
 Ben. Godfrey ,, Thos. Mason et 
 
 Do. do. . ‘“ ” Chas. Martin 1» 1740. 
 Gawen Nash ” i 
 
 ” 1" Jos. Steward 1» 1739. 
 John Bryans, .. 53 
 
 Geo. Smith ” rT) 
 
 Richard Beale ens 
 
 Louis Laroche snes 
 
 John Cam » 1740. 
 
 ee ae we ee ae eS ees 
 
 John Robinson ngs 
 
 if Barbitt 2» 1739. Griff. Edwards » oo» 
 
 Richd. Pargeter ,, 
 
 John Pollock ” ” 
 Marmdk, Daintry Jos Sanders 
 a ” ” 
 
 Ed. Bennetts. 3; 
 
 Benj. Sanders 9 1737. 
 
 Do. do. Wm. Garrard +» 1735. 
 
 Bennett Bradshaw ,, 
 & Co. 
 
 Pe eee ee ee ee ee 
 
 Gabl. Sleath sifotins 
 
 ) 
 
 Thos. Bamford ,,_,, Richd. Gurney & Co. ,, 1739. 
 
 John Eckfourd ,, ,, Wood »» 1740. 
 
 ih) 
 
 Wm. Shaw Bai 2 oa Chas. Bellassyse pow 
 
 John Jacobs aaaness 
 (see 1750) oe Sarah Hutton rT ” 
 John Pero ” oo» : 
 
 (see p. Igo) Ed. Lambe ” oo” 
 
 gona pv hite eR ” Thos. Mercer cel ge 
 Henry Herbert ,, ,, - John Barbe 9.789% 
 Richd. Zouch ree fi Paul _Crespin » 1740. 
 Susan’h Hatfield nf jf ” Isabel Pero ” ” 
 Lewis Ouvry Hi Seen 
 J. McFarlane ,,_,, a 
 Henry Morris Spa a Jas. Gould wm 374% 
 John Luff Edwd. Aldridge 9 2730: 
 o» ” +h} 
 
 Geese HlCeeeSCoogmoeesPanens ss 
 
 (see 1744) 
 
86 
 
 DATE. 
 
 1740-1 
 
 ” 
 
 1742-3 
 
 Makers’ Marks on London Plate 
 
 MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. 
 
 G 
 
 SeaesHesHRSSHRoahaeas BeBH” S 
 
 ? John Owing 
 Name not traced. 
 Do. do. 
 
 John Roker 
 Abm. le Francis 
 Benj. Gurdon 
 David Hennell 
 James Shruder 
 Eliza Godfrey 
 Saml. Roby 
 Geo. Wickes 
 Thos. Farren 
 Dinah Gamon 
 John Newton 
 Thos. Gilpin 
 Chas. Hillan 
 John Stewart (?) 
 Peter Archambo 
 Jas. Willmott 
 John Spackman 
 Chas, Laughton 
 Thos. Lawrence 
 Jer’mi’h King 
 Benj. Gurdon 
 Robt. $2 yrrill 
 Jno. Gould 
 
 ent, 
 
 ” 
 
 ” 
 
 ” 
 
 ” 
 
 ” 
 
 ” 
 
 ” 
 
 1724. 
 
 1740. 
 
 ” 
 
 ” 
 
 DATE. 
 
 PSBBSSSREHPBOSs GSERs OMAP Sas 
 
 Paul Crespin 
 
 Jos. Allen & 
 M’decai Fox } 
 
 Robt. Brown 
 Fras. Spilsbury 
 Eliz, Tuite 
 Anne Craig & 
 John Neville 
 
 (see 1745) 
 Saml. Wells 
 Robt. Abercromby 
 Jas. Montgomery 
 Jos. Timberlake 
 
 Phillips Garden 
 
 Paul Crespin 
 
 John Cam 
 
 Dd. Williams 
 
 Benj. Sanders 
 
 ? Robt. Abercromby 
 Wm, Hunter 
 Wm. Gould 
 
 Jas. Wilks 
 
 Ed. Feline 
 Aug. Courtauld 
 Geo. Jones 
 Jer’mi’h Ashley 
 Henry Brind 
 
 Robt. Abercromby 
 
 Pere Pilleau 
 
 MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. 
 
 ent. £739. 
 
 Aa 
 
 ” 
 
 ” 
 
 ” 
 
 ” 
 
 ” 
 
 ” 
 
 _ - 
 “i - % 
 ae -_ ie et, Cp ee 
 
Makers’ Marks on London Plate . 87 
 
 DATE. MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. DATE. MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. 
 
 1743-4 Thos. Whipham ent Jas. Morrison 
 
 Benj. 
 Name not traced. en) West 
 
 Thos. Whipham & 
 Wm, Williams 
 
 Isaac Duke 
 
 John Neville 
 (see 1742) 
 
 John Holland 
 
 Ann Craig & } 
 Ed. Malluson 
 
 Geo. Methuen 
 
 Ben. Cartwright 
 Chas. Johnson 
 
 Fred. Kandler 
 
 " 
 
 Ann _‘ Farren 
 Wm. Cripps 
 Geo. Ridout 
 
 (@, 
 Robt. Swanson Sait 
 
 Wm. Soame or 
 Wm. Shaw 
 
 Edwd., Aldridge 
 (see 1740) 
 
 Higginbotham 
 
 Baskerville 
 
 eS eee 
 
 Feline Jas. Manners, Jr. 
 
 eat ? Jer’mi’h King 
 
 ay + re 
 
 Pilkingt 
 ilkington John Swift 
 (probably, see 1754-5) 
 
 Hatfield fan Key 
 
 Archambo Robt. Andrews 
 
 uantors John Harvey 
 
 a a ee ee et ee 
 
 Videau Sam Wood 
 
 » ht al 
 
 Barbe Jas. Gould 
 
 we 
 
 Edwards Wm. Hunter 
 
 Bagnall Peaston 
 
 Gwillim “a Morrison 
 
 Castle 
 
 Smith Morris 
 
 John Neville Barker 
 
 Thos. Jackson Vincent 
 
 Nich’s Sprimont Kersill 
 
 GP 
 be) 
 & 
 3 
 G3 
 |R-S} 
 CF 
 C7) 
 @ 
 & 
 @ 
 Gp 
 & 
 Id 
 Ne 
 & 
 ys 
 
 SCOSRERSSRBSSBEOMe seas Ss eae 
 
88 Makers’ Marks on London Plate 
 
 , 
 MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. DATE. MAKERS MARK AND NAME. 
 
 Ernest Sieber ent. 1746. M’'decai Fox ent. 1746. 
 
 Young Grundy 1748. 
 
 Meriton Carman 
 
 Herbert Young 
 
 as John Barbe 
 
 Jouet Geo. Hunter 
 
 B@easagG 
 
 Cartwright 
 
 +) 
 6 
 
 Phillips Garden 
 
 Sanders Shaw 
 
 Gould Hartley 
 
 Kersill Yeoute 
 
 Williams 
 
 Oldfield 
 Saml. Courtauld reas 
 
 (see 1750). 
 Jacob Marsh 
 
 Dowdall 
 
 Danl. Shaw 
 Thos, Carlton 
 
 Walter Brind 
 
 ?John = Eckfourd 
 1749-50 
 
 ? Benj. Griffin or Wm. « Grundy 
 
 Benj. Gignac 
 
 . Piers 
 John Richardson Dan ‘ 
 
 Benj. Cartwright 
 Thos. Parr 
 
 LW SJ 
 } 
 } 
 Fo 
 @ 
 ap 
 Pe 
 &B 
 LD P) 
 RG 
 BB 
 
 Paul  Crespin 
 M’duke Daintry 
 
 = 
 = 
 
 Name not traced. 
 Solomon 
 Jerem’h King 
 
 Herbert 
 Abm. Portal 
 
 > 
 a] 
 
 BRBEOSBEE 
 
 Fray ; 
 Abm. le Francis 
 
 Cooper 
 Jabez Daniel 
 E Fe 
 
 Ths ee Wm. MacKenzie 
 John Wirgman 
 
 Wm. = Kersill 
 Hmphy. Payne 
 
 (see 1739) Andrew Killick 
 
 > 
 
 Elias -Cachart 
 
 | 
 a 
 &B 
 3g) 
 IS) 
 ant. 
 @ 
 & 
 +o, 
 FE] 
 wa 
 & 
 AD) 
 Lw-S] 
 1-F 
 |B-C) 
 FEM) 
 & 
 & 
 
 tee 
 
 Henry Haynes 
 
Makers’ Marks on London Plate 89 
 
 DATE. MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. DATE. MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. 
 
 1749-50 Geo. Bindon ent. 1749. ® John Berthelot ent 
 a Thos, Mann os 2736. 1} L’r’nce Johnson 
 * John Alderhead is) IF TSQ Ge Paillips Garden 
 q i I Jas. Tookey ee: &b Math. Brodier 
 ; : Wien. Wooler Pee & Fras. Crump 
 es Geo. Morris ee is FC) Do. do. 
 ¢. 1750-60 ESD | Name not traced. 
 * Thos. Jeannes iets 
 ° 1751-2 ? John Wetherell 
 1750-1 John Priest 1» 1748. 
 John Payne 
 * “C Chas. Chesterman ,, 1741. 
 Denis Wilks 
 a Eben. Coker Vet7s0; 
 Fred Knopfell 
 John Rowe » 1749. 
 
 Saml. Taylor 
 Richd. Gurney & Co. ,, 1750. 
 
 P. Werritzer 
 S. Herbert & Co. ,, 5, 
 
 Moore 
 Louis Guichard on A740 
 
 Woodward ,, 
 Geo. Campar ss 1749- 
 . Smith 
 Fuller White & 
 ” John’ Fray ry 750. ea 
 Morris 
 bs Henry Bayley ” oo” dates 
 Winkins _,, 
 John Jacobs “ (1739- 
 , (see 1739) Pinard 
 
 Saml. Courtauld a5 ul 7405 
 
 Doweal 
 (see 1747 and 1755) 
 
 Thos. Beere 
 Paul Lamerie eevee 
 (see 1729 and 1730) 
 
 ” 
 Phil. Bruguier 
 A. Montgomery ,, 1750. 
 
 @ 
 FC 
 @ 
 Pw} 
 cP 
 ah 
 NW 
 GO 
 BED) 
 cs 
 rea) 
 RC) 
 
 PRR RR = SSSR eSSESRBHSAH FEAR 
 
 * Robt. Cox 
 
 ” Michl. Ward Pike Fe, ree ge PE 
 
 ” Geo.  Bindon 901 1740: RC) ate Rece 
 
 " John Harvey ry 1750. wal Wm. Alexander 
 A Thos. Smith stin OP John Payne 
 
cA 
 & 
 DP) 
 TC) 
 Pcl 
 (GH 
 DP) 
 RS) 
 RH, 
 C) 
 CAS) 
 ed 
 Tr 
 73) 
 TT] 
 & 
 zs) 
 D> 
 DS) 
 a 
 E34 
 
 Makers’ Marks on London Plate 
 
 MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME, 
 
 Wm. Homer 
 
 Wm. Shaw &: 
 Wm. Priest 
 
 John Berthelot 
 John Richardson 
 Danl. Piers 
 
 Chas. Chesterman 
 John Carman 
 Richd. Goldwire 
 Phillips Garden 
 
 Geo. Hunter 
 
 Danl. Piers 
 Turner & Williams 
 
 Richd. Gosling 
 
 Robt. Hennell 
 John Cafe 
 Alex. Johnston 
 
 Fuller White 
 
 Denis Wilks & 
 John Fray } 
 
 Wm. Bond 
 Thos. Towman 
 
 John Edwards 
 
 Gabl. Sleath & 
 Fras. Crump } 
 
 D.C. Fueter 
 
 Dorothy Sarbit 
 
 Edward Aldridge 
 (see 1740 and 1744) 
 
 Edwd. Aldridge & 
 John Stamper } 
 
 DATE, 
 
 1754°5 
 
 >PDAa@BABBBSBHRERBRSBBBSOBE SB BB 
 
 < 
 <, 
 ~~ 
 
 B® 
 
 MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. 
 
 Rowe ent. 1753. 
 
 Smith o» 1754. 
 
 Le Sage 
 Corry 
 
 . Cartwright 
 
 Buttall 
 
 Wm. 
 
 John Quantock 
 
 Ed. Aldridge & 
 John . Stamper 
 
 Phillips Garden 
 John Munns 
 Do’thy Mills 
 
 John Holland 
 
 John Steward 
 
 Thos. Collier 
 
 Henry Dutton 
 
 Walter Brind 
 
 Geo. Baskerville& 
 Wm. Sampel m 
 
 Dobson Prior } 
 & Williams ” 
 
 John Delmester - ,, 
 
 ? Wm. Justus » 1739. 
 
 John Swift io 
 (see 1745 and below) 
 
 Henry Miller ent. 1740. 
 
 John Swift » 17390. 
 
eos - a ee 
 
 . Makers’ Marks on London Plate gI 
 
 , 
 DATE. MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. DATE. MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. 
 
 rrieg: Wm. Sand t. ; 
 755 3 m anden~ ent. 1755 ? Thos. Gilpin 
 
 Simon LeSage ,, 1754. Thos. Heming 
 
 Magd’n Feline » *753: Name not traced 
 
 ?Thos, Wright ,, 1754. 
 Saml. Courtauld ,, 1746. Mathew Roker 
 (see 1750) : 
 
 Paul Crespin ,, 1739. 
 (see 1749) 
 
 Paul’ Callard 
 
 Ww nara John Edwards 
 m. on 
 
 John Phipps } » 1754. 
 Wm. Gould 
 
 Wm. = Turner A Re 
 
 4 iS Devonshire es 
 Wm. Bond se TSS &W. Watkins 
 
 J } Ben. Cartwright .,, 
 as. ones 
 
 Edw. Ja 
 Peter Taylor » 1740. a 
 
 David Hennell 
 Fred Vonham _,, 1752. 
 Joseph Clare 
 
 see 1716 
 Saml. Siervent ( 770) 
 
 a ee ee ee a ON ng 
 
 Eliza Godfrey 
 John Wirgman ,, 1745. 
 
 cet 
 
 John Jacobs 
 Richd., Mills TSS: 
 
 W. & R. Peaston 
 Benj. Brewood ,, 5, 
 
 Ed. Doweal » 195%: Ed. Darvill 
 
 Robert Inne 
 Robt. Cox ee. 5155. end pie: 
 
 Soe haere ees es NS ee 
 
 Do. do. sede Stephen Ardesoif 
 
 is) 
 
 a_i 
 - 
 
 Thos. Beezley , 5, Ed. Bennett » 
 
 John Kentenber & \ 
 Albert Schurman ,, 1756. Thos. Groves , 
 
 John Robinson ,, 1739. John Frost 
 
 Do. do. 
 Saml. Wheat » 1756. 
 
 John Hyatt = 
 
 Pierre Gillois Age age © Chas, Semore 
 
 | 
 : 
 : 
 . 
 
 Arthur Annesley 
 (see 1761) 
 
 Robt. Burton 
 
 Wm. Robertson ,, 1753. 
 
 BSSeA@eseseS BHP eersSpatSEIcee 
 
 gta 
 FHC 
 te) 
 éh 
 & 
 re) 
 w 
 BD 
 BC 
 EJ) 
 D-H) 
 rR) 
 % 
 ip 
 oe 
 ED 
 Rd 
 SA 
 Bs 
 é& 
 @ 
 @ 
 iB 
 GD 
 
 Wm. Caldecott ,, 1756. 
 
” 
 
 ’ 
 
 Makers’ Marks on London Plate 
 
 MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. 
 
 aS 
 
 BEGG SE GS88 SG)boe ons Beas 
 
 John 
 
 Name not traced. 
 
 Shaw & 
 Priest 
 
 Wm. 
 Wm. 
 
 Name not traced, 
 
 Hague 
 Wm. Bell 
 Lewis Herne & 
 Francis Butty 
 Jos. Bell 
 
 Name not traced. 
 
 Ss. Herbert 
 & Co. 
 Fred. Kandler 
 John Delmester 
 John Perry 
 |Saml. Wood, 
 2nd mk. 
 Geo. Ibbott 
 John Perry 
 Simon Le Sage 
 
 ? Walter Brind 
 Wm. _— Cripps 
 
 John _—‘ Hyatt 
 
 John Schuppe ent. 
 Wm. Cafe ” 
 Fras. Nelme " 
 
 | Saml, Taylor ” 
 Wm. Cripps ” 
 
 7 
 
 ” 
 
 ? 
 
 ? 
 
 1753: 
 
 1757: 
 
 1722. 
 
 1744. 
 
 1743. 
 
 1749. 
 
 1758. 
 
 1759- 
 
 1757: 
 
 1756. 
 
 1750. 
 
 1739. 
 1755- 
 1757- 
 
 1739. 
 
 1753- 
 
 1757+ 
 
 1754. 
 
 1749. 
 
 1743. 
 
 1748. 
 
 Henry Bayley (probably). 
 
 DATE. 
 
 | 
 
 G@BSEBBBESSESHESEBSOCRBBEBGHERARBSB 
 
 * 
 
 Stephen Abdy *) 
 
 Wm, Jury 
 Alex. Barnett 
 Thos, Congreve 
 Thos. Doxsey 
 Wm. Moody 
 Wm, Day 
 Saml. Eaton 
 
 ? Jno. Kentenber 
 Robt. Rew 
 Edwd.. Wakelin 
 
 Name not traced. 
 
 Fuller White 
 Alex, Saunders 
 John Moore 
 
 C’nst’ne Teulings 
 
 Wm. = Howard 
 Geo. Methuen 
 John = Eaton 
 Name not traced, 
 Jeremy Lee 
 Richd. Rugg 
 Wm. Plummer 
 Louis Herne & 
 Fras.  Butty 
 Fras. Butty & 
 Nicks. Dumee } 
 Wm. Shaw 
 
 MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. 
 
 ?Saml. Wheat ent. 1756. 
 
 ” 
 
 ” 
 
 ” 
 
 1759. 
 o» 
 1756. 
 
 1759. 
 
 ” 
 
Makers’ Marks on London Plate 93 
 
 Thos. §Whipham & Name not traced. 
 
 Chas. Wright 1757: 
 
 ” 
 
 W. & R. Peaston (probably). 
 Geo. Ibbott ok ees. pation (prouably) 
 
 Names not traced. 
 Saml. Delamy i 
 
 John Hyatt & } 
 
 C. Semore ent. 1757. 
 
 W.&J. Deane ” oo» 
 
 Aug. Le Sage » 1767. 
 
 Jos. Bell is £759. 
 Thos. Freeman & 6 
 Edwd. Aldridge bs j Marshall vy 1704. 
 & Co. 
 
 Anthy. Calame = Aye 
 
 DATE. MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. DATE. MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. 
 1761-2 ohn Horsley. ' 1763- Danl. Smith & 
 +H J y tant Robt. Sharp 
 ” AIS] John Gorham __ ent. 1757. ” T. & W. Chawner (probably). 
 Arthur Annesley ap 1758. vs 
 
 " PAA fee tren) Ebenezer Coker Re 
 
 ” Geo. Hunter »» 1748. ” PV Phil. Vincent ent. 1757. 
 ’ " & Magdalen Feline » 1753. H Wm. King » 1761. 
 ” (TH, Thomas Heming » 1745. " John Buckett. 
 . (see 1756) 
 a ” i 
 e ® Mary Piers ert tt John Aspinshaw ,, 1763. 
 : % John. Lamfert » 1748. 
 j " Thos. Powell al 
 & . ic. 1763-4 Name not traced. 
 | 1762-3 LIS Jas. Jones Meg pict 
 ; Peery (NO tant vats cent 
 : (probably) 
 ’ 1764-5 ; 
 
 : Wm. Sanipel eae. D. & R. Hennell » 1768 
 ; ? Thos, Hannam 
 4 “ Louis —_ Black » 176t. " Rich. Mills 
 
 Wm. Day » 1759+ 
 
 - W Wao mee Watkins ii. F75O J. A. Calame ”» 
 
 ExA Paard  Aldrides 5 '1730- ” John Innocent (probably). 
 W.&R. Peaston : 
 ‘, R+P R Peaston +» 1756.) J » (see above) 
 1763-4 RT Richd, Thomas » 1755+ ” Wm. Cafe ent. T7357 
 
 Tmpsn. Davis Smt S 7: ” Name not traced. 
 
 Edward Aldridge ve 1739: ” Do. do. 
 
 o 
 
 Thos. Whipham & 
 Chas. Wright ” 
 
 SPSHRERSSCSSCaH eRe MBSR GE Sha ake 
 
 Thos. eee} » 1758 
 
 1758. » Chas, Wright 
 
 @s8OE 
 
SB8BS 
 SS gs N 
 
 4 
 Ps 
 
 t- SREP SEEBESRORRC BAF 
 
 -Do, do. 
 
 Makers’ Marks on London Plate 
 
 MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. 
 
 MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. 
 
 Names not traced. 
 
 Wm. Caldecott ent. 1756. 
 
 Eben, Coker (probably). 
 
 Name not traced. 
 
 Emick Romer 
 
 Name not traced, 
 
 ?R. Peaston. 
 
 John Allen ent. 1761. 
 Sam. Howland ,, 1760. 
 
 Geo, Hunter » 1765. 
 
 T. & W. Chawner (probably). 
 
 Name not traced. 
 
 Louisa Courtauld. 
 
 John Lampfert ent. 1748. 
 John Langford *) 
 
 John Sebille 
 
 Matthew Ferris » 1759. 
 Thos. Hannam id 
 
 John Crouch 
 
 Fras, Crump w 1756. 
 
 Geo. Andrews 99 5703, 
 
 Thos. Dealtry » 1765. 
 
 Chas, Miegg » 1767. 
 Dorothy Mills (probably). 
 Thos 
 
 Wynne ent. 1754, 
 
 Jno. Richardson ,, 1752. 
 
 Names not traced. 
 
 DATE. 
 
 1767-8 
 
 ” 
 
 hd 
 LEA 
 
 A] 
 
 ” 
 
 SSl8SOR SSRRBE G 
 
 Fy 
 we 
 
 2 
 
 J Hwee 
 
 = 
 es) 
 | Pre 
 oS 
 
 = 
 
 BGES@E 8S 
 
 Thos. Bumfries & 
 
 Orlando Jackson Jent. 1766. 
 
 Ss. Herbert& ,, 1750. 
 Co, 
 
 Name not traced. 
 
 |Wm. Abdy » 1767. 
 
 Geo. Fayle anes 
 Wm. Tuite (probably). 
 
 Name not traced. 
 
 John Parker & 
 Edwd. Wakelin 
 
 James Hunt 
 
 ent. 1760. 
 T. & W, Chawner (probably). 
 
 Dan. Smith & 
 Robt, | Sharp 
 
 Name not traced. 
 
 Fras. Spilsbury, Jr. 
 ? Eliz. Tuite ent. 1741, 
 (see 1742) 
 
 Name not traced. 
 
 Edward Capper (probably). 
 Fras. Crump ent. 1756. 
 W. & J. Priest. 
 
 John _Lamfert » 1748. 
 Benj. Blakeley w» 1739. 
 John Darwall » 1768. 
 John Neville (probably). 
 ieany ere 
 
 Fras. Crump ent, 1756. 
 Geo. Seatoun, 
 
 Chas. Woodward. 
 
ce RAIS 
 Mer S LS 7 fof 
 «@ cae A ncd FA ey 
 Oe ee 
 GREP en anrmnni Seer 
 ¥ 
 
 Courtesy of the Okie Galleries 
 
 A COFFEE URN MADE IN LONDON IN 1765 BY PARKER & WAKELIN 
 
a 
 
 Makers’ Marks on London Plate 
 
 DATE " MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. 
 
 Bek e@ 
 
 Lew 26) 
 A‘A 
 
 0 
 aA 
 
 BRESShHR ss 
 
 Q 
 = 
 
 T 
 
 > 
 eZ) 
 
 ~ 
 
 mea a B 
 sole w © 
 
 John 
 
 Thos. Jackson vy 1769. 
 ‘Louisa Courtauld 
 & Geo. Cowles. 
 
 Benj. Gignac » 1744. 
 
 Kentenber ent. 
 
 Aug. Le Sage 5» ©1767. 
 
 Edwd. Lowe Ak rye G & 
 Walter  Brind 1 1757 
 Wm. Grundy »» 1748: 
 
 Septimus 
 & James Crespell \ 
 
 Robt. Rogers 
 
 John Baker yy 1770. 
 
 Thos. Heming roy oe 
 Jas. Allen Pet GAsek 
 
 Septimus 6 
 a tives Crespell } see 1759. 
 
 ? Thos. Powell ent. 1756. 
 
 Thos. Arnold »» 1770. 
 John Baxter s 1973- 
 Chas. Wright. 
 
 ? John Buckett »» 1770. 
 
 ohn Langford & 
 John Sebille } 
 
 Name not traced. 
 
 E. Romer (probably). 
 
 Orlando Jackson ent. 1759. 
 
 San. Wheat » 1756. 
 
 ohn Gimblett & 
 tee vale dhe 
 J. Bassingwhite ,, 5, 
 
 John Crouch & 
 Thos. Hannam 
 
 DATE 
 
 1771-2 
 
 SS 
 
 SHERBCRGRBABBEHO EE SEEB 
 
 7 eS B 
 gpeese 
 
 MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. 
 
 Thos. Foster ent. 
 David Bell Ss 
 ? Robt. & 
 
 Jno, Schofield } < 
 Thos. & 
 
 Jabez Daniel \ 
 
 ?Sarah_ Buttall Pe 
 
 Jonathan Alleine. 
 
 Wm. Penstone. 
 Wm, Sheen ” 
 Thos, Chawner. 
 Saml. Howland rs 
 A. Underwood. 
 Chas. Chesterman _,, 
 
 Edwd. Jay ne 
 
 95 
 
 1769. 
 
 1756. 
 
 1776. 
 
 1754. 
 
 1755- 
 
 1760. 
 
 1771. 
 
 1757: 
 
 Thos. | Towman (probably). 
 
 Wm. Tuite ent. 1756. 
 ent. 
 
 John Romer _ before 1773. 
 
 John Carter Aen aes 
 
 Thos, Chawner a 
 Eliz. Tookey ‘ 
 
 Wm. Fearn 
 
 Burragé Davenport ,, 
 
 John Arnell A 
 John Swift rs 
 Philip Norman a 
 
 Chas. Wright ve 
 
 Peter Desergnes or 
 Peter Devese. } 
 ?>Wm, Watkins A 
 
 1756. 
 
” 
 
 1773-4 
 
 y 
 
 DB 
 
 1774-5 
 
 Makers’ Marks on London Plate 
 
 MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. 
 
 B@fOEBesO@ SR aPESEGEB 
 
 5 3 
 > 
 wD 
 
 BESEREBS 
 
 Henry Hallsworth. 
 Name not traced. 
 John Fayle ent. 1772. 
 
 Wm. Eley (probably). 
 
 Dan. Smith &) ent. before 
 Robt. Sharp 1773. 
 
 Orlando Jackson ,, 1759. 
 
 John Harvey «3 £796. 
 
 Thos. Smith +» 1750. 
 
 Name not traced. 
 
 Abr’m Barrier & 
 Lewis Ducornieu 
 
 Wm. Sheen 55 27S: 
 
 one Daniel } see 1771. 
 
 Burrage Davenport. 
 
 Saml. ‘Wood (probably). 
 re Freeman ent. 1773. 
 Mary Makemeid ,, _,, 
 Thos. Tookey te Pe 
 Louis deLisle ,,_ ,, 
 
 Wm. Le Bas Sy ee 
 
 Jas. | Stamp » 1774 
 Wm. Penstone ,,_ ;, 
 Eliz. Tookey ,, 1773. 
 
 Thos. Evaris oo 1774: 
 
 Jas. Young & 
 Orlando Jackson J” ™ 
 
 ‘John Deacon ,, 1773. 
 
 Thomas Daniel (probably). 
 
 ae) 
 
 Haas & 
 
 Be ee ak 
 Bean ak 
 
 SS) 
 SS 
 
 e 
 
 = 
 gS 
 
 — 
 
 > 7 A 
 CO ie °C Me C7) a 0? 
 
 Zz 
 
 @ 
 
 ® 
 qD 
 eo 
 @ 
 
 MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. 
 
 ~ 
 
 Wm. Fennell. 
 
 Jas. Yoang » I775. 
 
 Jas. Stamp » 1774. 
 
 ent, 
 
 Walter Tweedie before 1773. 
 
 ?Ed. Capper 
 
 2? Wm. Cox. 
 ?John Kentish 
 
 Jas. King or } ent. 1773. 
 
 Jas. Kingman 
 Wm. Sumner & 
 
 Richd. Crossley 1» 1775: 
 
 Jas. Young 
 
 Thos. Langford (probably). 
 
 ?John Easton & 
 Wm, ‘Fearn or \ 
 Wm. Fennell, etc. 
 
 Robt. Ross ent. 1774. 
 
 Mark Cripps 1767. 
 
 Chris. Woods 
 
 Richd. Rugg 
 Robt. Jones 
 
 Geo. Baskerville 
 & T. Morley 
 
 Robt. Piercy 
 
 Louis Ducomieu 
 Ben Stephenson. 
 Name not traced. 
 Henry Sardet. 
 Robt, Piercy 
 Alexr. Barnet 
 
 Nich. Dumee 
 
 Geo. Heming 
 & Wm. Chawner 
 
 Freeman ent. 1774. 
 
 (see 1776). 
 
Makers’ Marks on London Plate 97 
 
 DATE. MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. DATE. MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. 
 
 a 
 tr 
 — 
 3° 
 o 
 3 
 
 Lautier ent. 1773. Nichs. ~Hearnden 
 
 Teg a = eee! Ed.¢ Dobson > 1778: |, 
 Danl. Smith & 
 Robt. Sharp 
 
 Wm. Eley & } 
 Geo, Pierpoint 
 
 Chas, Aldridge &) 
 iB] 
 
 Rich. Carter, \ 
 Henry Green 
 
 rT) 1778. i 
 
 A. Calame 1» 1764. 
 
 John Deacon “iy Bees 
 
 Sint pepper or } 
 : k 
 wi ooke Chas. Kandler -» 1778. 
 
 Aug. Le Sage satak TOT: 
 
 ie) 
 Be 
 
 POC B@es Beet sass saeee 
 
 Lowe se 2777: 
 
 Phil. Roker os) 37705 
 
 Rodenbostel 1778. 
 
 Eliz. Roker 
 
 iB) 2) 
 
 Ww 
 
 q 
 
 Wallis ie yes 
 Henry Greenway ,, 1775. 
 
 John Schofield » 1778. 
 Jon’th’n Alleine. 
 Robt. pee Sora Edith Fennell » 1780. 
 & Richd. Carter Jf» 1777: 
 
 : F Heming & 
 Joseph Heriot EET HO: Wm. Chawner » 1774. 
 (see also 1781) 
 
 Wm. Holmes 1776, Hester Bateman a Bee 
 
 ” 
 
 Wm. Potter “loa w & Thos. Satchwell ws. 1773+ 
 
 £ Howe &) Thos. & 
 Wm, Clak fo» th Richd. Pines 8 T7714) 
 Wm. Grundy aie ” W.L. Foster 1775. | 
 Wm. Grundy & 
 Geo. Natter 30 X77) ” Ed. Fonelt } 1 1779. 
 
 Robt. Jones & 1 
 
 p Louisa & 
 John  Schofieldf » 1776 
 
 Samuel 
 
 Courtauld } i777: 
 
 Name not traced. Fras. Stamp +» 1780. 
 
 T. Daniel 1774 Wm. Garrard. (probably). 
 
 Jane Dorrell & 
 
 May ‘ent. 1771. 
 
 Name not traced, 
 
 | Jas. Sutton » 1780. 
 
 Wm. Vincent 9 1773- 
 
 | 
 Jas. Mince & 
 Wm. Hodgkins es 
 
 T.P. Boulton & 
 Arthur Humphreys 
 
 John Langlands & 
 J ” 
 
 Andrew Fogelberg. 
 
 J. Denzilow. 
 
 Z 
 
 Wm. Eley. 1780. 
 
 ” 
 
 <= 
 zc 
 
 + Bl +B] 
 
 Pe 
 coiee) 
 
 Hester Bateman. ,, 1774. 
 
 Wm. Holmes & 
 
 Nichs. Domes y> 1773 John Robertson 
 
 of Newcastle 
 
 BRREOEDOGSBCESARESERS SEPSSCHE 
 = 
 3 
 
 ols 
 
98 
 
 v? 
 
 %” 
 
 sy 
 
 » 
 
 b Rd 
 
 Makers’ Marks on London Plate 
 
 MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. 
 
 SOs: eomGeaseSQhSGaeeseampeabmegs 
 
 Name not traced. 
 
 Joseph Preedy. 
 
 TT... Pratt. 275 
 Arthur Humphreysf ”’ 
 
 Chas. Wright * 
 Robt, Cruickshank ,, 
 
 John Crouch & 
 Thos. Hannam j 
 
 Josh. Lejeune ‘ 
 
 Luke Kendall - 
 
 Geo. Heming & 
 Wm. Chawner ig 
 
 Wm. Playfair &) 
 
 Wm. Wilson f ” 
 Thos. Daniel & 
 
 John Wall } vi 
 Geo, Smith is 
 John Wren oF 
 
 George Giles (probably). 
 
 This mark is ANS A. 
 Name not traced. 
 
 Abm. Peterson & 
 Peter Podieé } 3 
 John Lamb re 
 Jas. Sutton &) 
 
 Joss. Bay 7 
 
 Wm. Tant ss 
 
 Sami. Bradley. 
 
 Name not.traced. 
 
 John Kidder ent. 
 
 Andr. Fogelberg & 
 
 Steph. Gilbert ent, 1780. 
 | Robt. Hennell PED te ee 
 
 Wm. Bayley. 
 
 1783. 
 
 1782, 
 
 1773. 
 
 Wm. Brown (probably). 
 
 Note. The interpretation given 
 by Sir Charles Jackson, in the 
 column, of the mark aj is in- 
 correct; the mark complete is NA 
 AS, and though found on a piece 
 in the Draper collection, is prob- 
 ably bogus. The author has found 
 the mark upon two fraudulent 
 pieces of silver. The fact that no 
 marks for “N A” or “AS” as in- 
 dividual silversmiths working dur- 
 ing this period have appeared is a 
 suspicious circumstance, as mem- 
 bers of a partnership usually en- 
 gage in business “on their own” 
 either before or after the partner- 
 ship. H. P. O. 
 
DATE. 
 
 A 
 
 SW) 
 @ 
 
 rT) 
 T'S) 
 
 1) 
 B-L 
 [wT 
 @ 
 ) 
 
 Makers’ Marks on London Plate 
 
 MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. 
 
 Sami. Wintle 
 Wm. Sumner 
 Name not traced. 
 
 John Townshend 
 
 Thos. Chawner 
 John Tayleur 
 John _— Schofield 
 Name not traced. 
 
 Do. do. 
 
 Chas. Hougham 
 
 | Hen. ‘Greeriway 
 Stephen Adams 
 Sia: Godbehere 
 Wm. Simmons 
 Peter Gillois 
 Robt. Jones 
 
 Wm. Abdy 
 
 Name not traced, 
 
 Do. do. 
 Ben. Laver 
 Walter Tweedie 
 Thos. Wallis 
 Thos. Daniel 
 John _—_— Kidder 
 
 Thos. Shepherd 
 
 Abm. Barrsier 
 
 Ed. Fennell ent. 
 
 DATE. 
 
 A & 
 
 ie) 
 
 BREBSBBBBBBHESBEBRBBEOSSBB 
 
 MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. 
 
 | Saml. Godbehere 
 & Edwd. Wigan 
 
 pate Pratt & ) 
 Arth. |Humphreys f" 
 
 24 
 
 \ent. 1785, 
 
 1780. 
 
 Wm. Sutton 3 1784. 
 
 wm. Reynolds 1773. 
 
 Robt. Hennell 
 Henry Chawner 
 
 Name not traced. 
 
 |Saml. Massey (probably). 
 
 Name not traced. 
 Eléy. 
 Mallison 
 
 Smith & 
 Sharp 
 
 Carter 
 
 Baskerville 
 (probably). 
 
 Henry Cowper ent 
 
 Cornls. Bland 
 
 Thos. Ollivant 
 Hester Bateman 
 Henry Greenway 
 
 John Thompson 
 
 John Edwards 
 
 as 1782. 
 
 ent. 1786. 
 
 Chas. Aldridge 1786. 
 Thos, Daniel 1774. 
 
 Danl. Denny 1782. 
 
 Wm. Pitts 1786. 
 
 ent. 1773. 
 BLT O0- 
 Jay. » 1773- 
 before ,, 
 
 Powell, probably 1770. 
 
fee) 
 DATE. 
 
 1789-90 
 1790-1 
 
 > 
 
 PESG@GBMR AS BBARB@2EBBOBERBE 
 
 = 
 
 Makers’ Marks on London Plate 
 
 MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. 
 
 Thos. Willmore ent. 1790. 
 
 Name not traced. 
 
 ‘Peter Podie 5 F985: 
 
 *; Phipps &) 
 
 E. Robinson 
 Wm. Fea 1 7786 
 Robt. Hennell » F773. 
 
 Jonsth'n Bateman } #5. 2700. 
 
 Saml: Davenport  ,,- 1786. 
 Wm. Abdy » 1784. 
 Abm.. Peterson »» 1790.] 
 pe BS ae 
 Geo. _ Baskerville 
 (probably).- 
 Geo. ‘Smith ent. 1773. 
 ‘Robt. Salmon pia as 
 Dani, Pome} » 279 
 ltu Band}, 
 John ‘Lamb on 2783. 
 Thos, Streetin » 1791. 
 Name hot traced. 
 
 Do. do. 
 
 Do. do. 
 
 Wm. Pitts& / see 
 
 Jos, Preedy seve 
 Henry Chawner ent, 1786. 
 Thos, Howell oy 70% 
 Thos, Northcote, 
 
 ny Smith & Rein h 
 Thos. Hayter > f PS 770% 
 
 DATE, 
 
 ‘Re Co f&stek 
 8A ee 
 
 bles, 
 az 
 
 @ 
 LS) 
 AB 
 iM Bd 
 
 Xa 
 
 B 
 a2 
 
 5 
 
 §G8H2 6 ae 
 
 MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. 
 
 Wm. 
 Paul. 
 
 Frisbee & 
 Storr } ont. 179%. 
 
 John _—_—‘ Fountain ves 
 
 Thos. Graham 
 
 Edwd. Jay 
 
 Wakelin & 
 
 J.. 
 Robt. Garrard 
 
 John Moore 
 
 John Schofield 36 
 
 Peter & 
 Ann 
 
 Robt, & 
 Thos. 
 
 Duncan Urquhart & 
 Naphtali Hart 
 
 John _— Fountain & 
 John _ Beadnall 
 
 Bateman 
 
 Makepeace 
 
 Wm. & . 2 
 John Fisher 
 
 Wm. ‘Frisbee 
 
 John King - 
 ? Mark Bock (see 1798). 
 ? Francis-Thurkle, 
 
 John Robins 
 
 John Wren 
 
 Michl. Plummer 
 
 W. Fountain 
 
 Thos. Northcote & 
 Geo. Bourne 
 
 Richd. 
 Robt. 
 
 Gardner or 
 Gaze 
 
 Thos. Ellis 
 
 Robt. Makepeace 
 
 — & Bateman 
 
 T. B.. Pratt & } 
 Arthur Humphreys 
 
 Wm. Eley. 
 
DATE. 
 
 BREE 
 
 IE 
 IP) 
 TB) 
 WE 
 WF 
 GS) 
 TL 
 LW Pi 
 sw B) 
 LW Fd 
 Go 
 LTH) 
 WY. 
 
 Makers’ Marks on London Plate 
 
 MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. 
 
 DATE. 
 
 Name not traced. 
 
 J. & J. Perkins ent. 
 
 Henry Nutting 
 
 Name not traced. 
 
 Robt. & 
 David Hennell 
 
 John Mewburn 
 
 Jos. B. Orme 
 
 1861-2 
 
 Wm. —iHalill 
 
 Hy. 
 Jno. 
 
 Richd. 
 
 Chawner &\ 
 Eames 
 
 Crossley 
 
 Chawner &)\ 
 Emes J 
 
 Cowles 
 
 Morley. 
 Preedy 
 
 Beldon 
 
 Eley & 
 Fearn 
 
 Smith. 
 
 Hardy & 
 Lowndes 
 
 Bock. 
 Emes. 
 Dealtry 
 Pitts 
 Bennett 
 Pitts 
 Richd. | Cooke 
 Andrew Fogelberg 
 
 John Hutson 
 
 Name mot traced. 
 
 Gs 
 % 
 t+ P) 
 £8 
 EH 
 GB 
 BL 
 & 
 3 
 IA 
 
 7 
 
 IOl 
 
 MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. 
 
 Jos. Preedy ent: 
 
 Paul Storr 
 
 = Wakelin & ) 
 Robt. Garrard f” 
 
 | Wm. Hall ” 
 
 Saml. Godbehere 
 Ed. Wigan & [,, 
 J. Bult 
 
 Thos. Hannam & 
 John Crouch }» 
 
 Robt. Garrard 
 
 John Parker. 
 
 John Emes 
 
 Peter, Ann & 
 Wm. Bateman } 
 
 Geo, 
 Thos. 
 
 Robert, 
 David 
 & Saml. 
 
 John 
 
 Smith &). 
 Hayter } 
 
 Hane} 
 
 Harris 
 
 Scott & 
 Smith 
 
 Digby 
 Benj. 
 Wm. Burwash 
 
 Peter, Ann & 
 Wm. Bateman f 
 
 Alice & 
 
 Wi 
 George Burrows 
 
 Christr. 
 
 & TW, Barker 
 
 Benj. Laver 
 
 Thos. Holland 
 
 G.&T. Burrows. 
 
 Saml. & 
 
 George Whitford 
 
 Name not traced. 
 
 John Robins (probably). 
 ? Timothy Renou. 
 
 John Austin. 
 
 Wm Purse. 
 
102 Makers’ Marks on London Plate 
 
 5 ; ’ 
 DATE. MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. DATE, MAKERS MARK AND NAME. 
 
 1804-5 
 
 WY) 
 ee 
 Z 
 rs) 
 3 
 rs 
 = 
 = 
 Fy] 
 re) 
 o 
 Oo. 
 
 ? T. W. Matthews, 
 
 ™ 
 
 ~ 
 = 
 
 Rundell, Bridge & Rundell. 
 
 — 
 G 
 
 John+ Crouch ent. 1808. 
 
 m1 
 S 
 
 E. Morley. 
 Wm. Eley, 
 } ” ” 
 
 2 
 ’ 
 
 Geo, Wintle ent. 1804. 
 
 | : | | x 
 EE EEEEEELELELEL LLL). 
 
 Robt. Garrard » oor Wm. Fearn & 
 
 Wm. Chawner 
 Henry. Nutting & 
 Robt. Hennell } as 
 
 Richard Crossley & } 
 Geo.. Smith ie: 
 
 423] 
 OMe 
 
 Jos. Hardy » 1799. 
 
 ty 
 
 Hannah Northcote ,, 1798. 1807. 
 
 Danl. Pontifex 9 1794. Wm Sumner 
 
 John Emes. 
 
 C 
 
 John Crouch 1808. 
 
 ra & Ash, Chas. Hougham 1785. 
 
 Wm.  Burwash& 
 
 Richd, Sibley i 2805. 
 
 Thos. Wallis os 2992. 
 
 Name not traced. David Windsor (probably). 
 
 - ° H ] ? = i 
 R. &S ennell 1802 Thomas Jenkinson ” 
 
 Peter & Bateman 1805, 
 
 Wm, ” Name not traced, 
 
 John Sanders (probably). Do. do 
 
 Crespin Fuller ? 
 ? Richd. Cooke ent, 1799. 
 h Salkeld re ay : 
 3 gis Benj. Smith & } 
 Thos. Robins % Jas. Smith, 
 
 % Phipps & 
 
 Wm. Fountain ent. 1794. E, Robinson 
 
 T.& J. Guest & 
 
 toh eae F806. Name not traced. 
 
 Thos. Wallis & 
 Jonath’n Hayne 
 
 John Cotton & 
 Thos, © Head. 
 
 James Beebe ” 
 
 P. & W. Bateman »» 1805. 
 
 Saml. Whitford 39, 1807. 
 
 Thos. Halford A ad A 
 
 a 
 RH 
 GS 
 
 rw-s 
 OP 
 IS J] 
 SH 
 RC) 
 Is 
 ER 
 iSB 
 JH 
 en TH 
 
 Benj. & 
 Jas. 
 
 ise) 
 n 
 
 Name not traced. 
 
 Smith. 
 
 i, 
 
 Ty: Robins Wm. Kingdon (probably). 
 
 ” ” 
 
 25 W.. Graces, Robt. Rutland ent. 1811. 
 
 John Crouch ‘Saml. Hennell ba eee 
 
 >» 31808, 
 Digby Scott, 
 Benj. Smith, } (probably). 
 Jas. Smith 
 
 Name not traced. 
 
 cole] Oi = 
 rhe aimee 
 
 re 
 69) 
 
1és 
 
 Galler 
 
 1é 
 
 yf the Ok 
 
 Courtesy o 
 
 BY THOMAS POWE 
 
 la 
 
 ORGE III E 
 
 ee 
 
 \ 
 4 
 
 RGNE. MADE 
 
 LONDON, 1765 
 
 PE 
 
 \ 
 4 
 
 x 
 4 
 
 Hol SE piers 
 
 AN E 
 
; i A J c 
 
Makers’ Marks on London Plate 103 
 
 MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. . DATE. MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. 
 TB} ra hs Barker, 1817-8 Wm. Bateman ent. 1815. 
 ii sandern ¥ Name not traced, 
 
 Thos. Jenkinson (probably). ” Wm. Chawner » 4 
 
 8 eres Hones ent. 1808. 2 T. Robins (probably). 
 
 Geo. Smith yy) 182. . a Wm. Chawner ent. 1815. 
 
 & aa © Sumner » 1809. rn Geo. _— Purse. 
 
 OF aes Serre ees \ 1812. 1818-9 Geo.  Wintle tals: 
 arr anata Paul Storr e793: ” Joseph Wilson. 
 
 IWS] Rv Stacy &} es re Robt. Garrard Pe SOls 
 
 W. Elliott fs’ 
 
 Saml. Hennell ,» X8rr. 1819-20 Name not traced. 
 
 Emes ‘& Barnard », 1808. ” Do. do. 
 
 Henry Nutting 1, 1809. 
 
 Stephen Adams, junr. 
 
 Wm. Bell (probably). ” Wm. __ Stevenson (probably). 
 
 Wm. Elliott ent, 1810. See 1812-3 above. 
 
 Name not traced. Philip Rundell ent. 1819. 
 
 SHBRBESGHBBGHBBSER EEE 
 
 r Favor (Probably) 1820-1 Wm. Bateman » 815. 
 h A 
 N q ” Gey Lias = z539- 
 ame not traced. 
 Thos. Baker »» 1815. 
 1821-2 or Thos. Balliston »» 1819. 
 
 ‘Do, do. 
 
 Dame 
 | 
 oe 
 
 ?J.E. Terry & Co. ,, 1818. 
 
 BBR EEES 
 cic) wee) lett baw fy 
 
 ? John Foligno. 
 
 bed 
 QO 
 rj 
 
 Ae Do. do. 
 ” CA An Exeter maker (probably). 
 Emes & Barnard as above. 
 “8 JA 
 : ” IA J. & J. Aldous A 
 Robt. Garrard ent. 1801. ee 
 é 822- Paul 
 CR Christ’n Reid & ano’r 181 Se tete LP S| hs Storr a 
 of Newcastle ” 5 
 * ” William Abdy ey 
 Wm. Burwash_ _,,_- 1813. 
 “e Wm. _ ‘Trayes ent. 1822. 
 IL ‘as. Lloyd, 
 Trae J y 1823-4 TS) Name not traced, 
 Ree | Name not traced, en 
 
 John Angell (probably). 
 
 ” 
 
 Lol 
 
 m 
 
 o 
 q 
 > 
 
104 Makers’ Marks on London Plate 
 
 DATE, MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME, DATE. MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME, 
 
 John Bridge cnt. 1823. 
 
 Thos. Dexter (probably). 
 
 Loe} 
 Hn 
 
 Og-cz fa) 
 o= tulle C4 @) 
 
 QO 
 
 = 
 
 >) 
 
 IB 
 RP) 
 FH] 
 LA-B-S] 
 LR) 
 BP) 
 ME 
 <p 
 CP) 
 
 Benj. Smith. 
 
 Thos, & 
 Geo. 
 
 Name not traced. 
 
 Robt. Hennell. 
 
 | Name not traced. 
 
 Do. do. 
 
 Geo, Knight 
 Wm. Edwards: ( 
 
 James Collins (  ,, 
 John Bridge 
 
 R. Peppin (probably). 
 
 Cc. Eley ( 
 
 Fras, Higgins (_ ,, 
 
 John, 
 Henry lia ent, 1823. 
 & Chas. 
 
 A.B. Savory a9 Sean 
 
 Randall Chatterton ,, 1825. 
 Name not traced. 
 T. Cox Savory on 3827. 
 
 Jacob Wintle 4) 1826, 
 
 Moses Emmanuel (probably). 
 
 Wm. Schofield ( 
 E.S. Sampson ( 
 
 Jas. Hobbs 
 Edward Edwards. 
 Robt. Garrard ent. 1801. 
 
 Chas. Plumley (probably). 
 
 Hayter » 1816, 
 
 (ptobably). 
 
 ent, 1823. 
 
 Th 
 
 a Ped KS 
 SREABSRSHA RS 
 
 Name not traced. 
 
 R, Hennell. 
 
 Paul — Storr 
 
 Adey, 
 
 Joseph } savory ‘a: ease 
 & Albert 
 
 N. Morrison (probably). 
 
 ent. 1793. 
 
 Jas. Franklin - 
 
 W. Bellchambers ,, 
 Name not traced 
 T. Eley. 
 
 Chas. Fox ent, 1822. 
 
 J. Chas, Edington + 1828, 
 
 Reily & Storer (probably). 
 
 See 1835-6. 
 Edwd, 
 
 Barnard, j 
 fan’ Bema | ent. 2809, 
 m. Barnard 
 Wm. Eaton. c 
 Richard Sibley (probably). 
 
 George Webb on 
 
 Robert Garrard ent, 1821. 
 
 Mary Chawner. 
 
 Wm. = Theobalds 
 & Robt. Atkinson f » 7838. 
 
 Rawlins & Sumner, 
 
 Wm. Bateman & 
 Danl, Ball } vy 1839. 
 
 Francis Dexter “) e 
 
 Wm. Cooper (probably). 
 Jos. Taylor ‘i 
 
Makers’ Marks on London Plate 105 
 
 DATE. MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. : DATE. MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. 
 
 foo} | Ed. Edwards (probably). 13478 | GHB {Eliz, Eaton. 
 Name not traced. 1848-9 fe E. J. & Barnard.) 
 BRE Thos, Cordin 
 ne : "s ” ARH] R. Hennel!. 
 CH | Geo. W. Adams ent, 1840. 
 . m) Jacob Wintle (probably). . 
 a Aldous, - 
 tt Ks 1849-50 CTF ua T. Fox & } 
 MC Mary Chawner & “7 shee Fox 
 GA Geo. W. Adams dete gt ; 
 ” Frans. Douglas. 
 Jos. & — gayor 
 yey | Albert y ae 8) 
 ” W. R. Smily. 
 John Lacy or 
 PJ 1 Piethetan } (probably). 
 
 John Keith. 
 
 oa 
 @) 
 iy 
 
 J. Chas. Edington ent, 1828. 
 George _ Ivory. 
 
 R. Hennell. 
 E.&J. Barnard. 
 
 Brown & Somersall (probably). 
 James Edwards (probably). 
 
 Wm. K. Reid. 
 & Foligno. 
 
 Wm, Brown (possibly). 
 ; E.& J. Barnard. 
 
 Angel see 1844. 
 W.R. — Smily. 
 
 Richd. Sibley ent, 1837. George Angell. 
 
 Chas. T. Fox & \ 
 
 Geo. F 
 R. Garrard +) . 180%. i. si 
 
 Wilkinson 
 of Sheffield. 
 
 Angel, 
 moore Joseph Angell. 
 
 R. G, Hennell. W. Mann. 
 
 Benj. Smith (probably). Roberts & Briggs. 
 
 John S. Hunt ent, 1844. 
 
 Chas. T. .Fox & 
 Geo. Fox. 
 
 George Angell. 
 
 Messrs. Eady. 
 
 1G. F. Pinnell. Rawlins & Sumner. 
 
 Hyam Hyams. Robt. Harper. 
 
 E. +e 
 fod & Barnard, Richard Hennell. 
 
 John & . 
 Henry Lias. 
 
 R. Pearce & 
 G. Burrows. 
 
 Geo. Fox. 
 
 Geo. Angell, 
 
 Ce Cy <x 
 BRRBERaRS ES SS 8HB 
 BRR Ee eas & & £5 
 
 [| 
 
 (oo) 
 
 cm 
 
 ~_ 
 
 oo 
 
 Fh) OMe) eS aS = ” 
 
 @ekBeeseehsOgesSaessBebssB 
 
 ise 
 
 ee 
 
 2 
 
 << 
 
CHAPTER V 
 Marks on York Plate 
 
 From 1411 to 1560 all silver plate made in York should have been marked 
 with the leopard’s head and fleur-de-lys, both dimidiated (cut vertically in 
 half) and joined in a single stamp. The use of date letters probably com- 
 menced in 1560 though no earlier example than the D given in Table I has 
 been found. The assay office in York was abolished in 1858. 
 
 TABLE I. TABLE II. 
 
 MAKER’S NAME, MAKER’S NAME, 
 
 ELIZ. 
 
 Wm, Rawnson. 
 
 1559-60 
 1560-1 eee ** v +9 
 1561-2 = os 
 1562-3 ? Robert Gylmyn. 
 1563-4 sae be Geo. Kitchen. 
 1564-5 
 1565-4 “ae ae 
 1566-7 Christopher Hunton. are - bes 
 1567-8 ne nd vt 
 Robert Beckwith. 
 1868-9 Thomas Symson, Wee. paints 
 oe ee Press Robt. Gylmyn, 
 4569-70 Robert Gylmyn, ? Wm. Hutchinson. 
 1670-1 Name not traced, 
 
 Geo. Kitchen. 
 1571-2 
 
 1872-3 : William —__ Foster. 
 1513-4 s of os 
 
 1574-5 3 George _ Kitchen. 
 1575-6 " vs 
 1976-7 Thomas Waddie. 
 1977-8 - Indistinguishable. 
 1578-9 
 
 1579-80 ‘be Ao 
 
 1580-1 eas sae 
 
 1681-2 re A 
 
 1582-3 Willidm | Rawnson, 
 
 John Lund. 
 
 Chris, Harrington. 
 
 106 
 
Marks on York Plate 107 
 
 TABLE III. TABLE IV. 
 
 MAKER'S 
 
 MAKER’S NAME. 
 
 Zz 
 > 
 = 
 = 
 
 qdgaeaGaar GaGagaaeE az 
 
 @exuae 
 
 a_i 
 
 woe Ret, 
 
 ? crea 
 
 “28 GBS | 
 
 o- ie 
 Bed 3 
 
 da@ R@eee@: eaac 
 
 John 
 Robt. 
 Peter 
 
 Fras. 
 
 Peter 
 ” 
 
 Chris. 
 Fras. 
 
 Peter 
 
 Chris. 
 
 Thomas 
 
 Moody ? 
 Casson. 
 Pearson. 
 
 Tempest. 
 Pearson, 
 ” 
 
 Harrington 
 Tempest, 
 Pearson. 
 
 Mangy. 
 
 Tempest. 
 
 ” 
 
 Casson. 
 Pearson. 
 Casson. 
 Pearson, 
 
 Williamson. 
 
 Harrington. 
 
 Harrington. 
 
 Plummer. 
 
 Mangy. 
 
 Waite. 
 
 (631-2 
 1632-3 
 1639-4 
 1634-5 
 1635-6 
 1636-1 
 {631-8 
 1698-9 
 1639-40 
 {640-1 
 164-2 
 {640-3 
 1643-4 
 (644-5 
 1645-6 
 {646-1 
 1641-4 
 1648-9 
 COMWTH. 
 1649-60 
 1650-1 
 1651-2 
 1669-3 
 1659-4 
 
 1604-5 
 
 1655-6 
 1656-7 
 
 Gage Ga 
 
 a 
 G 
 C 
 O 
 G 
 a 
 3) 
 A 
 j 
 kK 
 Uy 
 mn 
 nN 
 U 
 p 
 q 
 r 
 0 
 t 
 
 MAKER'S NAME. | 
 
 Robt. 
 Thos. 
 John 
 
 Robt. 
 
 Thos. 
 Robt 
 
 Casson. 
 
 Harrington. 
 
 Harrington. 
 
 f Thomason or 
 \ Thompson. 
 
 Harrington. 
 
 Harrington. 
 
 Williamson, Senr. 
 
 or Richd, Waite. 
 
 Francis 
 
 John 
 Thos. 
 
 John 
 
 Chris. 
 
 Bryce. 
 
 Thomason. 
 Harrington, 
 
 Thomason. 
 
 Mangy. 
 
 Thomas Waite. 
 
 LB) 
 
 Philemon Marsh. 
 
108 Marks on York Plate 
 
 TABLE V. TABLE VI. 
 
 eo 
 35 
 mew 
 
 ' 
 MAKER’S NAME, MAKER'S NAME, 
 
 rc 
 
 1657-8 
 1608-9 
 1699-60 
 1660-1 
 1661-2 
 1662-3 
 1663-4 
 
 1664-5 
 1665-6 
 1666-7 
 1667-8 
 
 1068-9 
 1669-70 
 1670-1 
 
 1671-2 
 1672-3 
 1673-4 
 “1614-5 
 1675-6 
 
 1676-7 
 1677-8 
 
 1678-9 
 1679-80 
 1680-1 
 1681-2 
 
 George Gibson. 
 Wm, Busfield. 
 John Camidge. 
 
 John Plummer. 
 
 % ” 
 Wm. Waite, 
 John Thomason. 
 
 John Plummer. 
 Richd. Chew. 
 John Smith, 
 
 John Plummer. 
 
 9 ” 
 
 9 ” 
 
 George Mangy. 
 
 HOG BCHS HE: : Bax: & 
 
 John Oliver. 
 
 Marmaduke Best. | Chris, Whitehill. 
 
 Robt, Williamson. Busfield, 
 
 John Plummer. Williamson, 
 
 Thos. Mangy. Rhoades. 
 
 Marmaduke Best. Whitehill. 
 
 Philemon Marsh, 
 Thomas Mangy. 
 
 Marmaduke Best. 
 
 Roland Kirby. 
 
 John Thompson, 
 
 cg 
 2 
 $ 
 RC 
 1S 
 © 
 wy) 
 th 
 Y 
 @ 
 CM] 
 ae 
 WB} 
 @ 
 WB: 
 T-S} 
 
 Marmaduke Best. 
 Robt Williamson, 
 Thos. Mangy. 
 
 Wm. Mascall. 
 
 eee, ee ON, 
 
 8868 eeSeee ea: 
 
 A 
 B 
 G 
 Wy 
 G 
 5 
 G 
 4 
 @ 
 aU 
 y) 
 NY, 
 WO 
 Ge 
 vy 
 B 
 
 Henry Lee. 
 Wm. Busfield, 
 
 * 1683-4 GQ) BI BRI «Thomas Mangy, 
 
 The missing date letter for 1676-7 was found by the author 
 
 John — Plummer. 
 
 John Thompson, 
 while this book was in the press, It is and is on the 
 
 Wm. Busfield. 
 spoon shown on plate facing page 6. 
 
 @8eaareg agg aqugeaceqaaucec 
 
 Thos. Mangy. 
 
 * omy a ae Ss 
 TE. eae 
 
= 
 > 
 : 
 
 EU eee ee eee ewes, ee eee ee 
 
 . 
 
 ee ee ee een 
 
 1700-4 
 1701-2 
 ANNE, 
 1702-3 
 1703-4 
 1704-5 
 1705-6 
 
 1706-7 
 
 1707-8 
 1708-9 
 1709-10 
 1710-11 
 1711-2 
 11128 
 1718-4 
 
 GEO. 1. 
 1714-5 | 
 
 Marks on York Plate 109 
 
 TABLE VII. 
 
 John Langwith. 
 
 Chas. Rhoades. 
 
 John Langwith. 
 
 Wm. Williamson. 
 
 John Langwith. 
 
 MAKER’S NAME. 
 
 Chas. Goldsborough 
 (probably) 
 Dan}, Turner. 
 
 John Best. 
 Wm. Busfield. 
 
 Possibly a variation of the date 
 letter for 1701-2. 
 
 The York Assay Office was closed 
 in 1716 and re-opened in 1776. 
 
 In Table VIII letters not in shields 
 are hypothetical. A new alphabet 
 was employed from 1787-8. 
 
 ? 
 
 TABLE VIII. 
 
 FIVE STAMPS UNTIL 1784-5, THENCEFORWARD SIX STAMPS AS BELOW. 
 
 1776-7 
 1777-8 
 1778-9 
 1779-80 
 1780-1 
 1781-2 
 1782-3 
 1783-4 
 1784-5 
 1785-6 
 1786-7 
 
 Leo 
 
 ard’ s 
 Town Lion Hea. a Date King’s teh MAKER'S NAME, ARTICLES AND OWNERS. 
 ar’ 
 
 Mark. Passant.Crowned. Letter. Head. 
 
 | A 
 B 
 G 
 'D) 
 E 
 1H} 
 K 
 L 
 
 Date-letter conjectured, 
 
 Hampston &) | Communion cup: Warthill. 
 Prince 8 Bowls (1783): Messrs. Crichton. 
 
 “ Date-letter conjectured. 
 Communion flagons: All Saints’, 
 North Street, York. 
 
 " Paten on foot; All Saints’, North 
 Street, York. 
 Com. cup: Huntington, nr. York. 
 (no town mark.) 
 ” ” Plate . Messrs, Crichton. 
 
 Hampston & Prince. Com. cup: Holme, nr. York, 
 
 Date-letter conjectured, 
 
 Do. do. 
 
Ilo 
 
 1793-4 rT) ap o9 o 
 
 1795-6 oo | te : ae ” 
 
 1796-7} » lw lon 1Q 
 
 1798-9 o> te 99, vt 
 
 Marks on York Plate 
 TABLE IX. 
 
 SIX STAMPS AS BELOW. 
 
 TOWN LION CEOPARD'S KIMO'S DATE MAKER'S MAKER’S NAME, ARTICLES AND OWNERS. 
 MARK, pesecgsip ste MEAD. LETTER. MARK. 
 eee 
 1787-8 ge (} &> | aaa Noted. by the Authior, 
 1788-9 wae Date-letter conjectured, 
 1789-90} °° a os. tas oa ” ” Table-spoons : Mr. Greenwood. 
 Al , dated |B ‘s, Mi 
 1790- ae ee eo dios ” ” a ee 1791: St. John’s, Mickle- 
 is eS 2 Com. flagon, dated 1792: Kirk Deighton, 
 York. 
 
 Date-letter conjectured. 
 
 Table-forks: Mr. Greenwood. 
 
 Date-letter conjectured, 
 
 Com. cup: Askham Bryan, Yorks. 
 
 Ai 
 
 Goblet: Mr. J. H. Walter, Drayton, Nor- 
 wich. 
 
 Date-letter conjectured, 
 
 ied H. Prince & Co. Com. flagon, dated 1798: Warter, Yorks, 
 
 u ‘ » ss » ” ” Table-forks ; Mr. Greenwood. 
 ” %» Plain cup: Mr. Bradford. 
 
 ee SO i dds ” % Tea-spoons: Mr. Lowe. 
 
 ” vs ae AD on 9» ” & Gravy-spoon: Do, 
 
 ap ae of as ap ) Beakers and waiter: Messrs. Crichton. 
 
 os Arps BF es ” os Trowel: Mr. Colburne. 
 
 a rr cs ag ae Yr) 9 Noted by the Author. 
 
 Date-letter conjectured, 
 
 Robt. Cattle g } 
 
 Communion cups: St. ohn’s, Micklegate, 
 -J. Barber, York. 3 J : 
 
 ry i} oe Skewer: Messrs. Crichton. 
 
 9 ” on ” + »” Salt-cellars and spoon: Mr. Williams. 
 
 Table-spoon : Messrs, Robinson & Fisher. 
 
 oe ” a” 
 
 NG8EO° 908000 @6150>58-08ne 
 
 . Date-letter conjectured. 
 
 Possibly variants of date-letters in above cycle. 
 1805-6 @Q 1807-8 @ 1809-10 3 Stamped on small brass plate from the Assay Office, 
 
 & Also example of leopard’s head, probably used from 1790 to 1836, Stamped on small brass 
 plate from the Assay: Office. 
 
 ; i ; igns’ heads 
 1787 to 1796 to 1816 to 1820 to 2) Variants of Sovereigns , 
 1796 % 1815-6 1820 i) 1830 Stamped on small brass plate 
 
 from the Assay Office. 
 
ae AS eS 
 
 Marks on York Plate III 
 TABLE X. 
 
 SIX STAMPS AS BELOW. 
 
 ARTICLES AND OWNERS. 
 
 TOWN LION LEOPARD'S DATE bd -b MAKER’S NAME. 
 
 wt 
 MARK. PAGSANT. HEAD Sad. LETTER. BARK. 
 ROWED. 
 
 1812-3 a P ‘trie tery Dessert-forks: Messrs. Crichton. 
 1813-4 
 1814-5 
 4845-6 o9 v9 99 ° 
 
 Date-letter recorded. 
 Do. do. 
 
 As , Dessert-spoons: Messrs. Crichton. 
 
 1816-1 Date-letter recorded. 
 {817-8 | 9» es ee 
 
 oS ORs Van Ae da ih 
 
 oi Salt-cellars and milk-jug: Messrs. 
 
 Crichton. 
 Com. flagon: St. Cuthbert’s, York. 
 
 1819-20 Date-letter recorded. 
 
 GEO. WW. 
 
 1820-4 $2 $9 ve ” 3 + Table-forks: Messrs. Crichton. 
 
 1821-2 es ee ” 4 is Table-forks and snuffers tray: 
 Messrs. Crichton. 
 
 1822-3 _ | Date-letter recorded. 
 
 4823-4 ees Do. do, 
 
 Reo Jas. Barber & Co. | Com. cup: St. John’s, Micklegate, York. 
 
 Jas. Barber, 
 
 gS | fo for te 
 1925-6 | 99 | ve | ve fos 
 3826-7 ye tias [oss 
 {827-8 
 
 On ren a Bc 
 (299-30 | oe | oe | oy foo 
 
 Cattle & Mustard-pot : Messrs, Crichton. 
 
 Wm. North 
 Noted by the Author. 
 
 ad 
 
 = 
 - 
 . 
 ~ 
 ~ 
 
 Date-letter recorded. 
 
 Table-forks: Mr. Maurice Freeman. 
 
 Fish-slice: Messrs. Crichton. 
 
 NsSrRr ee eagahHe@g-Ge Bz -—BMBecBam@r- Qe 
 Ba 
 Q 
 © 
 
 1830-4 Sods Corea BS a - ad Table-forks: Mr. Arthur J. Brown. 
 1831-2 7 ¥ YP 9 ie ap Communion paten: Slingsby 
 Yorks. 
 1832-3 Date-letter recorded. 
 1 {833-4 Do. do. 
 1834-5 Do. do. 
 1836-6 ; Do,’ do. 
 {836-7 Do. do. 
 
 * In examples of marks from 1812 onward, the leopard’s head is sometimes found with whiskers and 
 sometimes without. 
 Possibly variants of 
 
 1542°3 a hh | 1815-6 ti) tBrg 920 date-letters in above 
 cycle. Stamped on 
 small brass plate from 
 
 1820-1 1] 1821-2 RY 1823-4 @ 1831-2 1833-4 the Assay Office. 
 
e Gs 
 os 
 a Se 
 
 112 j Marks on York Plate 
 
 TABLE XI. 
 SIX STAMPS TILL 1848, FIVE AFTERWARD AS BELOW. 
 ARK PASSANT.CGHEAD” NEADS. LENTER “AMER | MAKER'S NAME, ARTICLES AND OWNERS, 
 TLL : 
 ViCT. 1648 | 
 9 | fal oe | FES s. Barb 
 1897-8 bape! Pacal wR ee Racer = Waiter: Messrs. Crichton, 
 
 1838-9 | +» | ee | os | ow * ” bs Noted by the Author. 
 
 roe Yb beet ames it 
 WH fs js tw [Q 
 1841-2 | +s | if 
 oe ac ee 
 1843-4 | >> | o5 | os | o» 
 TE Bed eta ieee 3 
 
 ” FA = Communion cup: Otley. 
 
 ‘ es Communion plate: Bishopthorpe. 
 9 a Ra N oted by the Author. 
 
 a9 Com. cup: St, Maurice, York, 
 Noted by the Author. 
 
 Paten: Dishforth. 
 
 Alms plate: Bishopthorpe, 
 
 F7*®AOVEUESAOEAOSHESGHES 
 
 4846-6 $Y 99 99 99 99 9 ” 
 1846-7 a : Date-letter conjectured. 
 1847-8 ” ” ” ry ‘ 7 Com. cup: St. Cuthbert’s, York. | 
 1848-9 | +> | 9s ” (JB) James Barber Paten: Scrayingham. 
 4849-60 ” a) 9 99 ” *9 Do. do. : 
 Noted by the Author: also (with 
 1850-{ | 99 | 99 ee ae ” 0» { maker’s mark IG) communion 
 paten: Snainton, Yorks. 
 185{-9 ee Date-letter conjectured. 
 1359-3 oe gs Do. do. 
 1853-4 Do. do, 
 18545 Sete te Do. do. 4 
 1856-6 ee ek a 
 2 Bn Biase ier 10% | GD | James Barber Communion cup: St. Helen’s, | 
 York.* ; See 
 
 * There is at St. Michael-le-Belfry, York, a communion paten stamped with the same marks as 
 those on.the communion cup at St. Helens, except that the town-mark is not visible. These examples 
 are understood to have been amongst the last of the plate marked at York, as the office was closed 
 
 almost immediately afterwards. ane. 
 1851- i Possibly date-letters used in the above Cycle. Stamped on small . | 
 wig B 1852-3 1) brass plate from the Assay Office. d 
 
GARTER VI 
 Marks on Norwich Plate 
 
 The marking of silver plate at an assay office was made compulsory in 
 Norwich in 1665. The office was closed not later than 1697 or 1698. 
 
 ABE J: 
 
 THREE STAMPS AS BELOW. 
 
 A8TL te 
 gotta DATE MAKER'S DESCRIPTION CF MAKER S ARTICLES AND OWNERS. 
 LION. LETTER. MARK. MARK. 
 
 isos | Gh | ON 
 
 1566-7 | 
 
 Do. do. ; Saxlingham, 
 
 ; ' (1566-7). 
 
 Sun in splendour. Mark of | Standing cup: South Kensington 
 Peter Peterson. Museum. 
 
 Communion cup: Diss, Norfolk. 
 Orb and cross in lozenge. { 
 
 IV over a heart. Communion cup: Bintry, Norfolk. 
 
 Communion cup: dated 1568: 
 Northwold, Norfolk. 
 
 | Communion cup, dated 1568: St. 
 Martin-at-Oak, Norwich. 
 
 Communion cup, undated: Beigh 
 
 ton, Norfolk. 
 
 Communion cup, dated 1570: St. 
 Stephen, Norwich. 
 
 Communion cup, inscribed ‘* Made 
 by John Stone and Robert 
 Stone ’”’: Haddiscoe, Norfolk. 
 
 Com. cup: Little Witchingham. 
 
 ' Maidenhead in shield. 
 Flat fish in oval. 
 
 Estoile of six curved rays. 
 
 Trefoil slipped. 
 
 Orb and cross in plain 
 shield. 
 
 (ea 
 | 
 GaAGOaES % > 
 
 : 
 Ce OB: 
 
 ao EL ee A ee ee oe 
 ae 
 4] 
 =—2 
 = 
 st 
 
 9 
 { G Mark of Christ’r. Tannor. | Patens at Arminghall and Burgh, 
 F acd mene Norfolk. 
 5 rb and cross in shaped | Mounts of stone-ware jug: Mr. W. 
 1571-2 v 8 shield. Boore. 
 : 1572-3 .. | Date-letter conjectured. 
 
 1573-4 9 fs) Trefoil slipped. Wine-taster: Messrs. Crichton. 
 
 G3 A flower with foliated stem | Seal-top spoon: Messrs. Christie. 
 and orb and cross as 1571-2 
 
 Date-letter conjectured. 
 
 oT Y- aw ea ese ee es 
 wont 
 ce 
 — 
 « 
 oa 
 
 Cer ae 
 
 1576-7 Do. do. 
 
 4 1577-8 Ma fist do. 
 1578-9 Do. do. 
 
 1579-80 Do. do. 
 
 osha’ das 
 
 ee Le Oh ae 
 ie 
 a1 
 — 
 ee 
 
 CROWNED, 
 
 Mounts of coco-nut cup: South 
 
 Flower of five petals. ) 
 Kensington Museum. 
 
 z 
 & 
 ® 
 
 cunk] oveozezrBaxzraaes 
 
 Date-letter conjectured. 
 
 cadded «Oe ee ee 
 : “a 
 co 
 Ss 
 [—~) 
 
 Oe Ae ee 
 
 Norwich mark, and mark of Christopher Tannor (free 1562) on 
 seal-top spoon; Mr. J. H. Walter. . 
 
 eee ee 
 2 
 hed 
 3 
 °o 
 ©) 
 
 113 
 
114 Marks on Norwich Plate 
 
 TABLE II. 
 
 STAMPS VARIOUS AS BELOW, 
 
 DESCRIPTION OF MAKER’S 
 MARK, 
 
 ARTICLES AND OWNERS, 
 
 eect 
 
 A bird, Communion cup and paten, Guest- 
 
 wick, 
 
 Orb and cross, and 
 
 Four beakers from the Old Dutch Church 
 wyvern’s head erased N 
 
 orwich, now in the possession of 
 Mr. Wm. Minet, F.S.A., Miss Col 
 man, and the Nederlandsch Museum, 
 Amsterdam, 
 
 Goblet on baluster stem: Messrs, 
 Crichton, 
 
 Orb and cross, 
 
 * Indistinguishable. Seal-top spoon: Mr. J. H. Walter, 
 
 do, 
 
 Lion rampant, 
 
 Mark of Wm. Hayden. Beakers: Mr, R. Levine. 
 
 W. is probably an As- 
 sayer’s mark, 
 
 Spoon: Mr. J. H. Walter. 
 
 T.S. 
 
 Castle struck twice at right angles, one 
 over the other, and castle (in bowl 
 maker's mark and castle on back o 
 stem; massive seal-to spoon, 
 pricked 1640: Messrs. Crichton, 
 
 de FAH Arthur Heaslewood (free } The first mark in bowl, the other 
 . 1625). three marks on stem ; seal- 
 spoon: Mr, J. H. Walter, 
 
 During the intervals when no date letters were used at Norwich the Assay Office was not functioning 
 and the local productions were sporadic and uncontrolled. 
 
 Ja 
 ° a 
 
Marks on Norwich Plate Tis 
 
 TABLE III. 
 
 FOUR STAMPS AS BELOW. 
 
 CASTLE DESCRIPTION OF 
 
 OVER (prOSE oat hte MAKER’S MARK. 
 
 e ARTICLES AND OWNERS, 
 LION. CROWNED. LETTER. MA 
 
 no 
 
 A pelican, as 1628. Seal-top spoon: Mr. J. H. Walter. 
 
 1624-5 
 1695-6 
 
 1626-7 
 1627-8 
 
 7 p Do. do.; Messrs. Crichton. 
 A pegasus, as 1632. i Mounts of-wood bowl: Mr. Theodore 
 ossi. 
 
 Timothy Skottowe. Seal-top spoon: Mr. J. H. Walter. 
 
 Orb and cross. Chalice: Attleburgh. 
 
 A ship. Soop andy spoon: Messrs, Lambert. 
 Do. do.: Mr. R. Levine. 
 
 1628-9 
 
 1629-30 
 | 1630-1 
 1631-2 
 1632-3 
 
 A pelican in her piety. | Seal-top spoon, dated 1629: Mr. A. 
 D. George. 
 
 Gat CACr EN BGS 
 
 Date-letter conjectured. 
 
 y Tall flagon: Norwich Corporation. 
 
 Nye D. genjoined, \Seal-top spoon: Mr. J. H. Walter. 
 
 Date-letter conjectured, 
 
 A pegasus. Com. cup: Great Melton, Norfolk 
 
 A lion rampant. Seal-top spoon: Mr. J, H. Walter. 
 1633-4 
 1634-5 
 "1635-6 
 
 Arthur Heaslewood. | Com. cup: Aspall, Suffolk. 
 
 A lion rampant. Com. cup: S.S. Simon & Jude, 
 Norwich. 
 
 Do. do. ‘Spoon with virgin and child finial : 
 Mr. R, Levine. 
 
 A crowing cock + Seal-top spoon: Burlington Fine 
 (Herald of the Morn.) Arts Club Exhibition, 
 
 1636-7 
 
 Timothy Skottowe. Beaker,-dated 1638, from a Congregational 
 Ch., Great Yarmouth: Pierpont 
 
 Morgan Collection. 
 | A pelican in her piety. | Seal-top spoon, pricked 1637: Mr. 
 J. H. Walter. 
 
 {637-8 
 
 Sq Gad 3 
 & €>ao 
 
 A crowing cock,+ see} Com, paten: Skeyton, Swanton- 
 ‘above. Abbot, Norfolk. 
 
 1638-9 
 1639-40 
 
 {640-1 
 
 A pelican in her piety. | Communion cup at St. Margaret’s, 
 Swanington, Norfolk. 
 
 rt 
 Ee : 
 C<2RKEEOH GE BHAA Hr Hage 
 
 Timothy Skottowe. Com. paten: Riddlesworth, Norfolk. 
 
 i Mounts of coco-nut cup: The Marquess 
 Be YWCe THCUSE of Breadalbane, K.G. 
 D. Com, paten: St. Etheldreda, Nor- 
 
 wich, 
 Timothy Skottowe. t | Seal-top spoon: Messrs. Christie. 
 
 (641-2 
 
 ee eS pe, 
 
 Qin QQ @aaSee SHAH g 
 
 1642-3 
 1643-4 
 
 Date-letter conjectured. 
 
 tehae 6 Accompanying this date-letter, are the mark of Arthur Heaslewood (maker) as 1633-4 
 1935- and Norwich town-marks as 1637-8 ; communion paten: Coston, Leicestershire. | 
 
 + Crowing cock rising from pot or skillet (old legend). 
 
116 ~ Marks on Norwich Plate 
 
 TABLES LY: 
 FROM ABOUT 1645 TO ABOUT 1685. MARKS VARIOUS AS BELOW. 
 
 DATE 
 (ABOUT). ARTICLES AND OWNERS. 
 
 Seal-top spoon: Mr. W. Boore. 
 
 * Seal-top spoon (pricked 1650): Mr. J. H. Walter. 
 
 EM 
 * Seal-top spoon; (pricked 1653: Mr. J. H. Walter. 
 SA 
 
 a & 
 & 
 & 
 
 S 
 
 ~ 
 fees: 
 
 * Trifid-spoon: Messrs. Crichton. 
 Communion cup, inscribed 1661 : Southwold, Suffolk, 
 
 * Spoon, flat stem, trifid end: Mr. J. H. Walter. 
 
 Aa @G6 eae 
 
 * Do, do. do. ; Dak do, 
 
 * Seal-top spoon, pricked Nae Do. do, 
 
 a} | 
 @eg q 2 6 a a 
 
 Gj 2 
 €} (> : 
 
 * Table-spoon: Mr. Thurlow Chamness. 
 
 + Communion paten; St. Peter Hungate, Norwich. 
 
 & 
 S 
 w 
 o 
 s 
 
 o 
 B 
 
 Fi 
 =x 
 4 
 IA 
 x 
 by 
 
 7 2 & 
 
 2 
 - 
 <= 
 na 
 
 + Flat-top tankard, dated 1676 : Messrs. Christie: 
 
 +Communion paten, dated 1679; St. Peter's, Mountergate, 
 Norwich. 
 
 Seal top spoon: Mr. A. D. George. 
 
 “ 
 ad 
 
 Communion cup, dated 1680: East Dereham, Norfolk. 
 
 + Crown, rose, and maker’s mark of Thos. Havers; cream 
 jug: Lord Hastings. 
 
 c. 1660 ro Small jug: Mr. J. H. Walter. 
 
 * This maker’s mark is probably that of Arthur Heaslewood. 
 + Maker’s name: Thomas Havers, 
 
ee ee 
 
 Marks on Norwich Plate U7 
 
 TABLE V. 
 FROM 1688 TO 1697. FOUR STAMPS AS BELOW 
 
 CASTLE : 
 cRowwep. OVER LETTER orystile MAKER'S NAME. ARTICLES AND OWNERS. 
 * LION. ; , 
 
 Beaker: Messrs, Christie. 
 
 Tankard: Major H. S. Marsham. 
 1689 a EA fs | Thomas Havers. \piecang bowl: Mr. J. H. Walter, 
 
 Date-letter conjectured, 
 
 Thomas Havers. Communion flagon, dated 1694: St. 
 Michael’s-at-Plea, Norwich. 
 (ee Nore and basin: St. Stephen’s, 
 
 James Daniel. Norwich. 
 
 99 
 1D Dome-top tankard: Mr. R. J. Colman. 
 Small mug: Messrs. Christie. 
 see ta eed f 
 
 \Salver on foot: Mr. R. J. Colman. 
 
 1601 
 
 Communion cup, dated 1694: Stock- 
 ton, Norfolk. 
 
 = 
 bad 
 ~ 
 ~~ 
 ad 
 = 
 aa 
 
 Beaker and spoon: Mr. J. H. Walter. 
 
 E Date-letter conjectured. 
 1693 F Do. do. 
 {694 G Do. do, 
 1695 H Do. do. 
 1696 “9 iT FD James Daniel. Spoon, flat stem; trifid end: Messrs. 
 Spink. 
 a e. K, Beaker, pricked 1697: Messrs, Spink. 
 
 S 
 
 ? 
 
 cd 
 - 
 ~~ 
 
 Dasent. 
 
 c. 1697 », Castle as 1688, wy os ie ..  Trifid spoon: Mr. Arthur Irwin 
 
 no date-letter. 
 
 oe a Robt. Hartsonge ? Communion paten on foot: Kirkstead, 
 ea 6) 6) 2 Norfolk. 
 
 Sis! 
 
CHAPTER VII | : 
 Marks on Exeter Plate 
 
 The Exeter Assay Office was established in 1701 and discontinued in 1883, 
 A guild of goldsmiths flourished in Exeter from a time long anterior to the 
 reign of Elizabeth. No Exeter town mark has been found of earlier date than 
 c. 1571; before that date only makers’ marks appear to have been used. 
 
 TABLE I. 
 
 FROM 1544 TO I1$92 OR THEREABOUT,. 
 
 ARTICLES AND OWNERS, 
 
 _e=--[|-—_———— 
 
 Communion cups: St. Edmund’s and 
 St. Sidwell’s, Exeter. 
 
 MAKER’S NAME, 
 
 Richard Hilliard. 
 
 Richard Osborne. Communion cups: Catteleigh. 
 
 John North, Do. cup: Curry Mallett. 
 
 Henry Hardwicke, | Chalices: Parkham and Holsworthy. 
 
 John 
 
 lons (Jones), | Communion cup: St. Petrock’s, Exeter, 
 
 Do. do do: | Cover paten: Whitstone, 
 
 | Steven More, 
 
 Communion cup: Halwell. 
 
 Do. do., dated 1571: St. Davids, 
 Exeter. 
 
 Communion cup : Messrs. Crichton. 
 
 John North. 
 
 Do, do, 
 
 Do, do., dated 1571: Trevalga. 
 
 Jons, 
 
 Withycombe. 
 
 Trencher used as paten: Berrynarbor. 
 
 Mounts of cylindrical salt (ivory drum): 
 Lord Swaythling. 
 
 Standing salt: Mr. J. Dixon. 
 
 128 John —Jons. 
 
 * & Do. do. 
 
 Com, cup, dated 1575: Lympstone, nr, 
 xeter. 
 
 Com. cup: Duloe, Cornwall. 
 
 Do. -do., dated 1576 : Tamerton, Devon. 
 
 Do. co.: Eggesford and Broadwood- 
 wiger, dated. 
 Mounts of stone-ware jug : Messrs, 
 
 Christie. 
 (ro at of stone-ware jug: Victoria and Albert 
 
 Wm. Horwood. 
 
 Museum. 
 Chalice and paten: Harpford. 
 {Der cup, dated 1582: Cadbury, Devon. 
 
 Do. do. do. 1585: Talaton, do. 
 r. A. S. Marsden Smedley. 
 
 John  Eydes, 
 
 Cc, Eston.. 
 EASTON] & Cc, Easton. 
 i= Bently, 
 R, Herman. 
 
 Lion-sejant spoon: 
 
 Com. cup, dated 1582: formerly at Fen 
 Ottery, Devon. 
 
 Mounts of stone-ware jug: Ashmolean 
 Museum. 
 
 Seal-top spoon: Messrs. Christie. 
 
 Eston, 
 
 Com. cup, dated 1590: St. Andrew's, 
 Plymouth, ? 
 
 do. Lion-sejant spoon: Victoria and Albert 
 
 Museum, 
 
 118 
 
Marks on Exeter Plate 119g 
 
 TABLE I. 
 
 FROM I600 TO 1640 OR THEREABOUT. 
 
 (The dates are approximate except where the articles are described as dated.) 
 
 DATE. MARKS, MAKER'S NAME, ARTICLES AND OWNERS. 
 
 1600 & GOLD & Richd. Osborn. | Maidenhead spoon: Mr. J. H. Walter. 
 
 ” v9 $F PRA k. Herman. | Seal-top spoon : Do. do. 
 
 ” 3 No maker’s mark. | Lion-sejant spoon: Do. do. 
 ¢. 1600 [RO Richd. Osborn. | Apostle spoon: Mr. Crichton, 
 1606 3 ” ” Lion-sejant spoon, pricked 1606 : Noted by 
 the Author. 
 
 . 1610-20 ee R @ William Bartlett. Com. cup: Crewkerne. 
 (1597-1646). Sea]-top spoons: Mr, W. Boore. 
 1620 ” ib, ” ” Lion-sejant spoon: Messrs. Christie. 
 
 9 
 +H i] Edward Anthony | Seal-top spoon: The Author’s Collection. 
 Lhd 
 (1612-67). 
 © ‘R ” ” Do. do. : Dunn-Gardner Collection. 
 
 ” @ ? Six maidenhead spoons. Mr. R. E. Brand. 
 c. 1630 © Wm. _ Bartlett | Communion cup and paten, dated 1630: 
 2 (probably). Helston. 
 
 'T “3 os Anthony Exeter mark in bowl, other marks on stem 
 
 - mark, &c.* of seal-top spoon: Mr. H. D. Ellis. 
 
 c. 16 Fe > (Crowned X repeated after second IL). 
 3 | B © John Lavers. | \ Chalice: Ashwater. 
 
 P. Apostle spoon: noted by the Author. 
 
 © 
 
 Seal-top spoon, pricked 1638: do. do. 
 fe. 2635-8 v4 11) John — Lavers. | {°° po2P “Pgor Sir Edward Marshall Hall, K.C. 
 
 Apostle spoon: Messrs. Crichton. 
 
 ” e EP} EP] H. P. Do. do : Messrs. Bruford. 
 ” TRADCLIFF| ¥ Jasper Radcliffe.| Do. do. : Messrs. Christie. 
 
 99 L. M. Snuff-box: Mr. G. Henderson. 
 
 Jasper Radcliffe. | Com. cup, dated 1640: St. Petrock’s, Exeter. 
 
 is Richd. Osborn. | Apostle spoon: Messrs. Christie. 
 
 Do. do. : Holburne Museum. 
 ” w 1 | John Lavers. Seal-top spoon, with dot at each side of X: Sir 
 E. Marshall Hall, K.C. 
 
 ” No maker’s mark. | Apostle spoon: Holburne Museum. 
 
I20 
 
 Marks on Exeter Plate 
 
 TABLE III. 
 
 John Elston 
 Anthony Tripe 
 
 R. 
 
 Thomas Bridgeman. 
 
 Edward Anthony. 
 
 Jasper Radcliffe. 
 
 M. W. 
 
 S. 
 
 No maker’s mark. 
 S. 
 John Mortimer. 
 
 Daniel Slade. 
 
 Ekins. 
 
 do. 
 
 Mortimer. 
 
 I. P. 
 
 (See Barnstaple, 
 P- 459 infra). 
 
 I, P. 
 
 Nichs. Browne. 
 
 TABLE IV, 
 
 BRIT. LIONS OAT MAKER'S 
 CASTLE. HEAD tT ARK 
 ANNIA,  -Oasep, CETTER. : 
 
 oie | Es aA RE: 
 wale) ~ | » (ttle 
 1703-4 e 
 ry lt 
 
 MAKER'S NAME, 
 
 Elston. 
 
 Thos. Foote. 
 
 Hy. Muston. 
 John = Audry. 
 
 Wm. Briant. 
 
 ) G) € @ 
 
 —_—o—_— oer - Orr --_CrWrOO-———sC —> - 
 
 1708-6 Richd, Freeman. 
 1706-7 |» Thos, Reynolds. 
 Richd, Wilcocks. 
 vast s Thos. Salter, 
 1708-9 & soies 1G Richd. Plint. 
 {TONG EF ey. Name not traced. - 
 1710-4 » ‘ Richards. — 
 
 Trowbridge. 
 1711-2 te +e ae 
 
 Sweet. 
 
 Richards. 
 
 1712:3 a ee ve 
 1713-4 Mm ee oe 
 
 Slade. 
 Tolcher, 
 
 GEO. |. 
 Wi) ie Mortimer, 
 {715-6 | + . Trowbridge. 
 
 Symonds. 
 
 . Lovell. 
 
 DBSHb 64e6 22000 & 
 
 Tn ere ec 
 
 1717-8) e sat Symonds. 
 
 Arno. 
 
 116.9 Oe ae 
 19-20) + Jose [ow 
 Teme betel 
 imi-2 | EE | Bg 
 1722-3 
 
 M34] os fo 
 
 1704-5 
 
 . Worth, 
 Blachford 
 
 Fee See ae ER, eee SE OS 
 
 Elston, 
 
 Thos. Sampson. 
 Blachford 
 
 Elston. 
 
 Williams. 
 
 SHaeaqaad dadaqdaqadcea 
 
 HERBS e 8 Oe 
 
Variant of date-letter 
 
 TABLE V. 
 
 1725-6 | ES Ols 
 mr} |e |» {OS 
 mal. |-|- | 
 mo} | |» |B 
 ra} > |» |» (Ol @ 
 mile |» | Be 
 1731-2 fon { aa 
 ms] fw | + ge 
 maf fo 1B 
 mil | | |B) e@ 
 mofo |» |» |) eae 
 ma}. |» |» (D Gp 
 mrg| |» |» | Q)) GD 
 ms} » |» |» |O| @ 
 ra} |» |» (QD 
 mijo | «|» |O)|@ 
 mato fo |» (Oe 
 m3joj»|» 18 
 msl to |» (B 
 mij» |» |» |B] » 
 mo} [ow [oo | wl 
 
 mr} «||» | 
 malo ju} |{O)@ 
 mo| |» |» |B 
 
 B 
 
 for 1748-9 
 
 Marks on Exeter Plate 
 
 MAKER'S NAME,/ . 
 
 Saml. Blachford. 
 
 Thos. Sampson. 
 
 Joseph Collier. 
 
 Philip _—_ Elliott. 
 John Elston, jr. 
 Do. do. 
 James Strang. 
 John Burdon. 
 Peter Elliott. 
 
 Joseph Collier. 
 John Elston, jr. 
 
 Sampson Bennett. 
 
 Philip Elston. 
 
 James Strang. 
 Philip Elston. 
 
 Pent. Symonds. 
 
 John Burdon. 
 Do. do. 
 Pent. Symonds. 
 
 Name not traced. 
 
 Freeman ? 
 John Babbage? 
 Do. do. 
 Pent. Sy monds. 
 Thos. Blake. 
 Jas. Strang. 
 
 LE 
 CASTLE 
 
 OPARD'S 
 HEAD pg 
 CROWNED 
 
 TABLE V1. 
 
 LION DATE MAKER'S 
 ABANT. LETTER MARR. 
 
 feos 
 
 MAKER’S NAME. 
 
 1749-00 3 @) Thomas Blake. 
 
 (750-1 
 (761-2 
 1152-3 
 1153-4 
 1154-5 
 1156-6 
 1156-1 
 1151.8 
 {158-9 
 1759-60 
 
 GED. it 
 1760-1 
 
 ‘761-2 
 {162-3 
 1763-4 
 (764-5 
 1165-6 
 {166-7 
 {161-8 
 {168-9 
 1169-70 
 {710-4 
 (711-2 
 ims 
 
 en 
 
 oo 
 
 ge 
 
 . (Bl - 
 
 NoOBhebmxr7ovezZzs 
 ABER: B 
 
 ” 
 
 Thomas 
 
 ” 
 
 Parry. 
 
 Coleman. 
 
 Parry. 
 
 Blake. 
 
 ” 
 
 Name not traced. 
 
 Mat’w 
 
 Richard 
 
 James 
 Thomas 
 
 ie 
 Richard 
 
 Skinner. 
 
 Sams, 
 Holt. 
 Coffin. 
 
 Freeman. 
 
 Sams. 
 
122 Marks on Exeter Plate 
 
 TABLE VII. TABLE VIII. 
 
 LEOPARDS ion 
 
 CASTLE. ate PASSANT, LETTER. AKER® | «=MAKER’S NAME. CASTLE. pascans. estes es “aaah MAKER'S NAME, 
 1773-4 Ha | & SATA! GD | Richd. sams. 1797-8 wi B35) ae Richd, Ferris. 
 1774-5 ee 9 A B 1798- 9 be ” ” 
 
 Thos. Eustace. : 
 1775-6 ony o o9 @ {B William West S = ae ae 
 of Plymouth. ach. 
 1776-7 ee ve 4800-1 9° ‘9 Hicks. 
 1777-8 ae Ce a 1801-2 | + .- ” 
 {718.9 a a Thos. Eustace. 1802.3 | + a s 
 1779-80 |» ‘ ” " % 4803-4 |» . Eustace, 
 1780-1 . oo 1804-5 | + | os . Ferris, 
 1781-23] +» se ey Mere 1805-6 | GE 
 1783-4 deol desne ‘5 W. Pearse. 
 WEA 
 
 1806-1} o» | + 
 1807-8} oo | oo 
 
 Thos. Eustace 
 (as 1775-6). 
 
 m5 | «+ |G . 
 
 1785-6 eS a, - Thos, Eustace. shies | i e 
 1786-7 Joseph Hicks. Pr Ron 
 M8 | oe fw | ow 0 [cea Bie die doe 
 1788-9 eas it 8 r : : 1811-2 |» % 
 W980) oa | se | as tee mest: ito 
 
 1790-4 SY. =e +9 1813-4 ry * oe 
 
 Joseph Hicks. 
 
 B 
 
 ta ie ere ees ae 
 i ee ees Meta 
 © Re aoe Cored ae 
 
 1814-5 |» ss 
 
 1815-6 |» " 
 1816-7 J ose. foe 
 
 SGQMHES EEE 
 
 1794-5 " “ . 
 1793-6 os +e 
 1796-7 “ " " 
 
 Richd. Ferris. 
 
 iIs<MZSPCr Or aAaqgaqedaeagdaradv 
 B 
 
: 
 
 1818-9 
 
 1819-20 
 
 EO. IV. 
 1820-1 
 
 1821-2 
 1822-3 
 1823-4 
 1824-5 
 1825-6 
 
 1826-7 
 
 1827-8 
 1828-9 
 1829-30 
 
 WM. IV. 
 1830-1 
 
 TABLE IX. 
 
 DATE KING S 
 
 “ LION T 
 CASTLE. passSANT LETTER. HEAD. 
 
 1817-8 iQ 
 
 ee 
 
 - 
 ~- 
 
 - 
 2 
 
 2OKc 
 
 SEB Saaecegooeed 
 
 it | | |) Q 
 
 1832-3 
 18334 
 1834-5 
 1835-6 
 
 4836-1 
 
 99 
 
 ey 
 
 TAY 
 
 GF) 
 @ 
 
 MAKER'S 
 MARK 
 
 <= 
 se 
 
 H88888 :- 6: SBE: : B 
 
 Marks on Exeter Plate 
 
 MAKER’S NAME. 
 Geo. Ferris. 
 
 Joseph Hicks. 
 
 ” 
 
 Geo. Ferris. 
 ” 
 ” ” 
 John —_ Eustacé. 
 
 Name not traced. 
 
 J. Osmont. 
 
 1” oh 
 
 Joseph Hicks, 
 
 a” 
 
 W. Sobey. 
 John — Stone. 
 Wm. _s~ Pope. 
 
 iP Osmont. 
 
 W.R.  Sobey. 
 
 ‘| Wilham Welch. 
 
 CASTLE. 
 
 1838.9 |» 
 1839-40) 99 
 40-4 |» 
 1841-2 | PES 
 1842-5 |, 
 wy | EB 
 1844-5 | >» 
 1845-6 |» 
 1846-7 | >» 
 (347-8 | >» 
 {8189 | + 
 1849-50] °° 
 1850-1 | > 
 1861-2 | +» 
 1852-3 | °° 
 1853-4 | 
 rt ee 
 1866-6 | >» 
 “4856-7 | 
 
 * LION 
 
 A 
 PASSANT. LETTER. HEAD. u 
 
 73 | | @ O 
 
 99 
 
 99 
 
 9 
 
 TABLE X. 
 
 DATE QUEENS M 
 
 QB) CG 
 
 os 
 a 
 3 
 ky = 
 wt 
 
 ee 
 & Bl ax : 
 
 SQNBOSSCOH CESS E8OES 
 
 123 
 
 MAKER’S NAME, 
 
 W. R. Sobey. “ 
 
 ne Osmont. 
 Thos. Byne. 
 J. Stone. 
 - Ramsey. 
 W..R. Sobey. 
 " ” 
 
 ” 
 
 ? Williams. 
 
 i: Stone. 
 
 W. R. Sobey. 
 99, ” 
 
 be: Osmont. 
 ” ” 
 
 Isaac Parkin. 
 
 * 
 
 i? Stone. 
 
*¢ 
 
 ~ Marks on Exeter Plate 
 
 TABLE XI. 
 
 CASTLE, ostdRhe, LETTER, SHEER MBEER® | owaxen’s ame, | 
 
 1878 | |) AO J. Stone, | 
 
 1858-9 "9 ” v9 9 
 
 P| | Name not traced. | 
 MAC | Jas. Williams. | 
 
 € 
 
 1859-60 
 1860-4 
 
 1861-2 
 1862-3 
 
 . 1863-4 
 1864-5 
 
 1865-6 
 1866-7 
 1867-8 
 
 1958-9 
 1869-70 
 1870-1 
 1871-2 
 1872-3 
 1873-4 
 1874-5 
 
 1875-6 
 1876-7 
 
 SOCG806 CeBeEGcegeee0e 
 
; 
 Marks on Exeter Plate 125 
 TABLE XII. 
 FIVE STAMPS AS BELOW. 
 caste. psclON, DATE, CHERD” «© “MARK MAKER'S NAME. ARTICLES AND OWNERS. 
 eee en ee 
 1877-8 DR ‘Al oe J. Whipple & Co. Engraved goblet: Mr. 
 Bruford. 
 {878-9 9 9 (3) ry From the Assay Office plate. 
 1879-80 9 ” C) oe as AG eee Do. do. do. 
 4880-4 a 9 (*) ny ae as Sats Do, do. do. 
 1881-2 vs E 99 “ee ne wee Do. do. do. 
 Ellis, Depree & | | Com. plate: St. Matthew’s, 
 1882-3 = Ag F » | Cae Tucker J Exeter. 
 The communion plate at St. Matthew's above-mentioned appears to have been some of the last 
 work assayed at Exeter, as the office was finally closed in 1883. 
 SUPPLEMENTARY LIST OF MARKS OF GOLDSMITHS 
 Impressed at Exeter, but not illustrated in the preceding tables. 
 | 
 NAME. Lo) DATE, MARK, NAME, 
 Daniel Slade. 1722 PS) Pentecost Symonds. 
 Peter Jouett. 1728 Ge Thomas Coffin. 
 : Thos. Sampson. 1730 LL} John Reed 
 Richard | Wilcocks. ? 1732 iT Cf Thomas _ Clarke. 
 § Pentecost. Symonds. SB John Suger 
 4 
 3 John Pike. 1741 TaNt Micon Melun. 
 } | Richd, —_Birdlake 
 Joseph Bennick. ia R BI (Plymouth). 
 
 Simon Lery. 
 John Suger. 
 1830 TP] Isaac Parkin. 
 
 Tes Pee 
 
 Anthony _ Tripe. 
 
 G. Turner & partner 
 ? 
 
 Zacariah Williams. (? Son). 
 
 | ae (= 
 
 Pot alee 
 
 Joseph Bennick. 
 
 | Henry Ellis. 
 
 1847 
 | Edward Richard. 
 Isaac Parkin & 
 Geo. Sobey. 
 
 IP 
 TTT 
 : ‘ Goldin 
 1845 : (Plymouth). 
 IP 
 GS 
 
 1850 
 
 John March. 
 
 3 
 a 
 % 
 , 
 . 
 r. 
 4 
 5 
 . 
 z 
 ia 
 * 
 : 
 
a 
 ra) 
 Go 
 Oo 
 3 
 
 CHAPTER Vili 
 Marks on Newcastle Plate 
 
 Money was minted at Newcastle in 1248 and in the reign of Henry VI 
 (1423) it was ordained that Newcastle-upon-Tyne should have a “touch” 
 (assay office). A proper assay office for marking silver plate was established 
 
 In 1702. 
 TABLE I. TABLE II. 
 @ W] 1) 0 John Wilkinson. cTUREE Brit. Jieko. LPATE, MAKER MAKER’S NAME, 
 
 63 
 3) 
 co 
 = 
 
 i |G EB] EDD lim mn 
 7034] | | (GR) ] BB frees. paty. 
 M5} |e) 1@ Shi Robt. Shrive. 
 eg Rete beter 1D) Bi Eli. “Bikon, 
 
 oF 
 oe ED John Dowthwaite. 
 
 : SR 
 c=] 
 
 2B 0@ 
 
 as WR) FR Wm. Ramsay. 
 = B is Me ” Le Hh a8 J’nath'n French. 
 ey 8 ou sin 1708-9 | + nt a By) John nee 
 3 reine 1709-10} 9 * ” 69 James Kirkup. 
 WES. BY 1110-14 
 w Roblicosts a Bi, Eli, Bilton. 
 ay eg : 1103 | SS | EB | EY) D4 GB | ricna. srob0s 
 1713-4 LA John Langwith, 
 a088:7 EB) Ry @ Eli Bilton, GEO. | @ J’nath’n French, 
 1686-8 | 3 au ee Robinson, 1714-6 iy a i ‘D) Za) Fr. Batty, jr. 
 1716-6 | & Nath]. Shaw. 
 | 
 1716-7 
 
 Robt. Shrive. 1717-8 ” ” re) ; Joseph Buckle. 
 
 @ 
 1718-0} as] sect & 
 ID) 
 
 1719-20 ” 99 9 
 
 Fras. Batty, as 
 above. 
 
 James Kirkup. 
 
 R: Make peace } 
 
 &F. Batty. J 
 
 John Carnaby. 
 Whittield.{ 
 
 Eli ___ Bilton. 
 
 S €Gé CS S day 
 
 Y SeNpeate ngiecen. 
 
 QHes 
 
 Wm. Robinson. 
 
 1720-4 Lad a 9? 
 
 Thos, Hewitson. 
 
 Ts mt iB @ & 
 
 ce oe The dates assigned in table I must be regarded as ap- 
 proximate. 
 
 ge aag 
 
 B8ESSSE e 
 
 @ 
 6 
 
 - 
 ~ 
 
 SHaHigg@a ga 
 
 a Sag ag 
 
 — 
 (455 | 
 
 S 
 @ 
 
 John Ramsay. 
 
 eB 
 © 
 
 Eli Bilton. 
 
 ES) 
 gq 
 
 126 
 
Marks on Newcastle Plate 127 
 
 TABLE III. TABLE IV. 
 
 , 
 MAKER'S NAME. THREE . LION LEOPARD'S DATE MAKER'S MAKER'S NAME. 
 
 CASTLES.PASSANT. HEAD kK. 
 CROWNED. 
 
 in40-t | 
 
 EE LION LEOPARD'S DATE MAKER'S 
 
 ee HEAD 
 CASTLES.PASSANT.. pow NED LETTER. MARK. 
 
 ra | | 3) @ | EY 
 
 = 
 & 
 
 B Gekee & 6 8 BESS EIE0r 
 
 EAS aes 
 Stephen Buckle. 
 James Kirkup. 
 
 W. Beilby & Anor. 
 
 Fras. Batty, jr. 
 
 FB 
 IR John Ramsay, jr. 
 5 
 
 Robt. Makepeace. (74-2) e. Fe Perhaps Jno. Busfield 
 1122-3 Kx as 5) Jas. Kirkup. het Peeks 
 Isaac Cookson. 
 1723-4 i ae @| @ ie en Reales Thomas Stoddart 
 hn Carnaby. een aren bak William Partis. 
 Wile fool ©| ee ee 1743-4 { illiam artis 
 =| 62 ? ec ee SE seston 
 {725-6 y ret @ Fras. Batty, jr. ~ es sad : 
 : _ tt 
 1196-1 | | Q| Be eical Pesala y om (probably) 
 j et ut Ss hn Busfield 
 GEO. IN. | gene a>, @ | i John Pe ; 1146-1 ey $k 3 Isaac Cookson. 
 % ALA v7 & Isaac Cookson. hn Wilki 
 Us SS ( Geo. Bulman. 1147-8 ee u oe J PSheffield forobabhey 
 4198-9 | > . 13) Wm. Whitfield. 
 
 Wm. Dalton. 
 Geo. Bullman, 
 
 1748-9 7 a9 ae | ? Thos. Reidof York. 
 
 R. Gillson (of Sunderland). 
 
 Robert Makepeace. 
 
 Thos. _Partis II. 
 (of Sunderland). 
 
 William Beilby. 
 
 19-30) | oe | 
 og a aed ae 
 2; [om | oe 
 m3} fo | os 
 138-4) 10 | oe | 
 M5} foe | o 
 
 1149-60) + | oo | 
 so] » | CS | EB 
 {151-2 ” 99 a) 
 
 Wm. Dalton. 
 
 S 
 
 Thos. Gamul ? 
 Jon. French. William Partis. 
 Thos. Makepeace. 
 
 John Busfield 
 of York. ? 
 
 Isaac Cookson. 
 
 William Dalton. 
 
 Perhaps John Barrett 
 (of Sunderland). 
 
 1752-3 i) 99 9 
 
 rn fa, 
 CaN 
 
 < 
 
 =) 
 
 SERe BS SF 
 
 Isaac Cookson. 
 
 (153-4) <« | oo [oe 
 
 Langlands & 
 
 Thos. Partis. Goodriche. 
 
 1 ac Pe 
 
 2OO ©ege 
 
 . Bulman. John _ Kirkup. 
 
 Pee en | 
 {36-1} | ow |e 
 nero) ete ae 
 11389,» | |» 
 
 1755-6) + | »» | 
 he Ge ee et i 
 
 1167-8 | | 
 
 O 
 1758-9 
 
 Wm. Partis.* John _—_ Langlands. 
 
 aod caequegeaeaaageae: 
 
 Isaac Cookson., 
 
 Wm. Beilby&Co.; 
 Oe Ralph __ Beilby. 
 
 a6) 
 | 
 
 Isaac Cookson. 
 
 qq @ & © 
 
 poremen 
 
 1139-40 |» tg bs Note. The letter T is presumed. No doubt the shield was 
 
 Robt. Makepeace. L 
 identical with that of the other date letters. 
 
 See EB & 8 & BERR 
 : = 
 
 *Possibly Wm. Prior. 
 
128 Marks on Newcastle Plate 
 
 TABLE V. 
 
 ton LEOPARD’S nate KINo's maKeER's : 
 castuns. PASSANT, MEAD LETTER HEAD. MARK. MAKER'S NAME, 
 
 Samuel James, 
 
 Saml. Thompson. 
 
 GEO, III. 
 1760-8 
 
 » 3 
 
 John Barrett 
 
 of Sunderland, 
 Saml. James, 
 Robt. Peat. 
 
 John Kirkup, 
 John  Fearny 
 
 of Sunderland. 
 John Langlands, 
 
 9? 
 
 1769-70 
 
 1770-1 M 
 
 1771-2 
 
 EG eG ee 
 
 James Crawford, 
 
 1772-3 
 
 John Jobson, 
 
 1773-4 Jas. Hetherington, 
 
 HiBRED> EES 
 
 1774-5 ih Stalker & Mitchison, 
 
 od 
 oa 
 ~~ 
 
 Hetherington & Edwards. 
 
 Francis Solomon of 
 Whitehaven. 
 
 Hetherington & Edwards. 
 James Hetherington, 
 David Crawford, 
 
 Langlands & } 
 
 1775-6 62 
 
 Fete Veen ete 
 
 = 
 re 
 
 al ales) £5 eo) (2) es 
 ZS Elss (Zi: QUole 
 
 1776-7 kd 
 
 1777-8 A 
 
 1778-9 wd Robertson, 
 
 1779-80 aS David Crawford. 
 
 1780-1 ‘9 Pinkney & Scott. 
 
 Langlands & 
 Robertson (as below). f 
 John — Stoddart. 
 Ben. Dryden. 
 
 John Stoddart. 
 
 1781-2 ” 
 
 1782-3 oe 
 
 Pa, 
 
 te 
 C 
 
 1783-4 ae 
 
 8 
 
 1784-5 9 Pinkney & Scott. 
 
 wa 
 no 
 
 1785-6 ra) 
 
 John = Mitchison. 
 
 1786-7 ”» 
 
 ” ” 
 
 O: @ 
 @: B 
 
 —_—" 
 al 
 ¥ 
 bo) 
 
 Name not traced, 
 
 _ Larglands & 
 Robertson, } 
 Chrstn. Reid, 
 
 1787-8 i) 
 
 1788-9 ? 
 
 +o 
 = 
 
 Bae 
 
 1789-90 ” Pinkney & Scott. 
 
 v9 : | John Mitchison, 
 
 1790-1 oe 
 
 *17933-4 @QB Samm Maker, M. Miller. 
 1805-6 2) ey Maker, Alexander Camer, 
 
 of Dundee, 
 
 on, 
 
 TABLE VI, 
 
 LION THREE LEOPARDS kings pate MAKERS 
 PASSANT.CASTLES.-pHEAD , MEAD. LETTER, “BARK 
 
 ‘17Q1-2 Gg 
 
 1792-3 
 
 MAKER'S NAME, 
 
 Langlands &) 
 Robertson, f 
 
 Robert Scott. 
 
 bad 1793-4 Anth., Hedley. 
 
 Mary Ashworth of Dur. 
 G. Weddell. 
 Robertson &) 
 Darling. J i 
 Thos. Watson. | 
 Robertson & Darling. 
 Geo. Laws & 
 John Walker. f ‘ 
 Chrstn. Reid. 
 
 John Robertson, 
 
 ” ¥Y 
 
 Sarah Crawford. 
 John Langlands, 
 
 Thos. Watson. 
 Ann, Robertson. 
 
 1794-5 
 
 1795 6 
 
 1796-7 
 
 1797-8 
 
 1798-9 
 
 1799 
 1800 
 
 1800-1 
 
 1801-2 
 
 David Darling. 
 
 Chrstn. K. Reid &). 
 David Reid. J 
 
 Alexr. Kelty. 
 
 1802-3 
 
 103-4 
 
 1804-5 J ohn Langlands, 
 
 jr. 
 
 1805-6 George Murray. 
 
 1806-7 Thos, Watson, 
 
 1807-8 
 
 1808-9 Darling & Bell. 
 
 1809-10 John Langlands.} | 
 
 Thos. Watson, 
 
 Drthy. Langlands. 
 
 Robertson & 
 Walton. 
 
 Robert Pinkney. 
 Name not traced, 
 Chrstn, Ker Reid, 
 David Reid, & 
 Chrstn. Bruce Reid 
 John Walton. 
 
 1810-1 
 
 1811-2 
 
 1812-3 
 
 Son 
 
 pa ~j  . | 
 SergBek OR: E 
 
 1813-4 
 
 SGHHESHEHBS 
 
 & 
 Z| 
 
 » 
 1814-5 
 
 Probably used by the son of John Langlands after his 
 father’s death, ; Pee 
 
Marks on Newcastle Plate 129 
 
 TABLE VII. 
 
 SIX STAMPS AS BELOW. 
 
 pate wince ction  tunee “EQPAROS waxens | MAKER'S NAME. ARTICLES AND OWNERS. 
 LETTER HEAD PASBANT CASTLE® CROWNED MAR 
 
 | @| @ 
 
 Thos. Watson. | Punch-ladle: General Meyrick. 
 
 D 
 B 
 
 1815-6 
 
 1816-7 ae . » | Chie) » a Tea-spoons: Messrs. Crichton. 
 1817-8 ” sds lypak Christ’r. Dinsdale, | Milk jug: S. & A, Mus., Dublin. 
 of Sunderland. ‘ ‘ sae 
 PBy | Robertson & rom Assay ce plate. 
 8- 9° * ee ae : 
 
 wag Tw Walton. 
 
 1819-20 vs os ‘a “9 
 GEO, lV. 
 
 1820-1 ve on oe ‘9 TW] Thos. Watson. Do. do. do. 
 
 1821-2 Q ‘ vs ” ‘9 e Marrow scoop: Submitted to the 
 
 Author. 
 
 1822-3 as 1 7 he es 1 7 Tea-spoon : Mr. E. Heron-Allen. 
 1823-4 1» ot " es ‘1 4 + Small mug: Messrs. Debenham. 
 1824-5 7 ue oe ee IT W) “a Bs Large two-handled cup: The 
 
 Earl of Yarborough. 
 1825-6 
 
 1826-7 
 1827-8 
 
 1828-9 
 
 1829-30 
 
 4 WM, Iv. 
 1830-1 
 
 1831-2 
 
 .. | Thos. Watson. | Sauce-ladle: Mr. J. B. Stansby. 
 
 © 
 
 1832-3 
 
 1833-4 
 
 1834-5 es “s vs 9 Wm. Lister. From Assay Office plate. 
 
 1835-6 
 
 1836-7 
 
 VICT. 
 
 1837-8 ro e: nf Thos. Watson. | Salt-spoons: Messrs. Crichton. 
 
 1838-9 
 
 SQ x2e 2H r7OoveZZ -BSeGe"5SGe 
 
 cn oF a ah cB Lister & Sons. From Assay Office plate. 
 
 ‘See supplementary List of Makers’ Marks on p. 131. 
 
130 Marks on Newcastle Plate 
 TABLES VIII. AND IX. 
 
 SIX STAMPS AS BELOW. LEOPARD’S HEAD UNCROWNED FROM 1846. 
 
 Fee eaglON. QTHREE MEOTAD. DATE Maxer's | MAKER’S NAME. | ARTICLES & OWNERS. cnttt, 
 HEAD. PASSANT. CASTLES: cplEAD . LETTER. MARK, 
 
 1839-40 ?) 6) ey & John Walton. | Com. cup & paten: *{864-5 
 
 Aspatria. 
 
 1840-{ = ” oy ere 'B} ae + + Do. do. do. 4865-6 
 1841-2 $) ” 9 ¥» Thos. Watson. | Small mug: Col. 1866-7 
 
 Fitzgerald. 
 
 Q 
 b 
 C 
 Me 
 é€ 
 f 
 8 
 h 
 
 19423 | oo | ov | oo» | oo» |B) 
 BBE Jef fw lw TR | 1868-9 
 os cr rr re 1 see | ee 
 1845-6 ” ” Tr) ” G 1870-4 
 “8461 | » || @ Name not | Bee-spoon 2) Mi tas 
 84-8 J oe fo fw foo | 7 1872-3 | 1 
 9] oto tow fw | J was | k 
 4980} fo» fo |» [K us | 1 
 801 | ol» |» fo TG 1875-6 | M 
 1851-2 | » | » |» | oo» IM 876-7 | N 
 1852-3 | | a fw | oo» TN 18778 | O 
 1353-4 9” 99 99 o9 O 1878-9 p 
 ABS | | oy foo foo | p 1870-80 | q 
 1855-6 98 99 ” ” Q 4880-4 T 
 1856-7 a 29 9 +h) R 1881-9 Ss 
 18 | wl» |» fos 1S 302-31 t 
 1858-9 Lad 5 a9 2% T 1883-4 u ; 
 1809-60 ad wh eee 2 U The office was 
 1860-4 - ze R & W Closed in 1884, 
 . Line As, 
 WH Lis die | pee year with hi 
 y head 
 1862-3 % oT -9? oe) Y caer ail n ed: 
 Messrs, Reid 
 MEE | ert | oo | ow | ZS & Sons. 
 
 1850-7 8 ae me © 'M] rye David Reid. Marrow scoop: Mr. A, J. Grimes, 
 1869-70 & kS yy @ f) Sh C. J. Reid. Pair of salt-spoons : Messrs, Reid 
 
 Sons, 
 * In some cases the leopard’s head has been found with.a crown, 
 
et ee is, 
 
 » 
 
 Marks on Newcastle Plate 
 
 TOT 
 
 SUPPLEMENTARY LIST OF MARKS OF GOLDSMITHS. 
 
 Impressed at Newcastle from c. 1750 to c. 1880, but not illustrated in the preceding tables. 
 
 < 
 
 BEBEBB@HBERS 
 =< Yn —~ in co eS BS 
 
 (Ke at 
 2 spa. ee. 
 
 ° 
 » 
 = 
 
 Mr. Bartlett ? 
 
 Samuel Jones. 
 
 Peter 
 
 James. 
 
 Name not traced. 
 
 Summerville, Sen., | 
 
 {5 Somerville or 
 
 and F, S. Junr. 
 | Peter Beatch. 
 Name not traced. 
 
 ” 
 
 Robt. Wilson. 
 
 | Darling & Bell. 
 Thos, Hunt- 
 ingdon. 
 
 Brechin- 
 ridge. 
 
 Peter Lambert of 
 Berwick. 
 
 Chrstn. K. Reid & 
 David Reid, 
 
 Hugh 
 
 Cameron of 
 Dundee. 
 
 Alexr. 
 
 John Robertson, 
 
 — 
 
 es 
 Ss | as & SG & 
 < a = © sat 8 & 
 
 L 
 "(les 
 
 Lister & Sons, 
 
 9? 
 Brown.. 
 99 
 
 9? 
 Sherwin, 
 
 James Dinsdale. 
 
 Name not traced. 
 
 | Chrstn. J. Reid. 
 
 Robert Rippon. 
 
 John Sutler. 
 
 John White. 
 
 David Reid. 
 
 Wm. Buxton of 
 Bishop Auckland. 
 
 John Deas? 
 
 Robt. Oswald 
 of Durham. 
 
 Oliver Young. 
 
 John Cook. 
 
 W. Wilson & Sons. 
 
 L. Pedrine of Car- 
 lisle. 
 
 Alder & Sons of 
 Blyth. 
 
 ie] 
 
 BBE 
 eo 6fe)C. 
 
 = : 
 ~ pas = Ps > & G&G 
 ie 7 eS = oe cl & 
 
 a 
 
 a 
 
 to 
 
 John. Miller. 
 
 Cuthbert Dins- 
 dale. 
 
 Geo. Sam, Lewis. 
 M. Young & Sons, 
 
 Simeon Joel. 
 
 John Cook. 
 
 R. Duncan 
 of Carlisle. 
 Joseph and Israel 
 Jacobs. 
 James . Foster. 
 
 Wm. and Jno. 
 Wilson. 
 
 Thos. Ross of 
 Carlisle ? 
 
 A. Y, Talbot of 
 Crook, Darlington. 
 
 Thos. Sewill, 
 
 Name not traced. 
 
CHAPTER IX 
 Marks on Chester Plate 
 
 The Chester Assay Office was established in 1687, though a guild of silver- 
 smiths existed as early as 1573. The assay office was suspended in 1696 but 
 re-established in 1701. It still functions. 
 
 TABLE I. 
 
 MAKER’S MARK, TOWN MARK is 
 AND DATE-LETTER, {i MAKER'S NAME. 
 
 1668 es George Oulton. 
 c. 1683 RW] Ey RW] Ralph Walley. 
 
 8} Nathanl. Bullen. 
 
 DATE, 
 
 c. 1685 
 
 8 & 
 Ei 
 
 1686-90 Alexand’r Pulford. 
 
 t690-2 
 
 aeGaeea 
 
 » | Peter Pemberton. 
 
 28,0 SB: SHAS 
 a 
 
 pl2®epm eEpeaana 
 night #@: @e8eg 
 
 Name not traced. 
 
 3 
 5 aU 
 
1701-2 
 23 
 1703-4 
 1704-5 
 1705-6 
 1706-7 
 1701-8 
 1708-9 
 1709-10 
 1710-11 
 1711-2 
 1112-3 
 {113-4 
 m4 
 1715-6 
 1716-7 
 1117-8 
 1718-9 
 1719-20 
 1720-1 
 1721-2 
 1722-3 
 1123-4 
 
 1124-5 
 1728-6 
 
 3716-7 
 
 1ON'S 
 BRIT- HEAD DAT 
 ANNIA, ERASED. LETTER. 
 
 a\o 
 
 99 
 
 99 
 
 99 
 
 e9 
 
 99 
 
 99 
 
 99 
 
 99 
 
 99 
 
 99 
 
 99 
 
 99 
 
 1 LE 
 PASSANT.|HEAD 
 
 » vw 
 
 99 
 
 9 
 
 o° 
 
 99 
 
 99 
 
 9 
 
 99 
 
 99 
 
 99 
 
 99 
 
 99 
 
 99 
 
 99 
 
 99 
 
 99 
 
 99 
 
 ee 
 
 OP"S 
 
 99 
 
 9 
 
 19 
 
 9 
 
 Cc? 
 
 SHH9aGgeo0eceee0g ecesoeeegG BSED 
 
 Marks on Chester Plate 
 TABLE II. 
 
 FIVE STAMPS AS BELOW. 
 
 TOWN MAKER'S | ~=MAKER'S NAME. 
 
 Ss ee 
 
 cle 
 By Ril Richd. Richardson. | Rat-tail spoon: Mr. G. Lambert. 
 a ‘Si John Bingley. Do. do. : Messrs. Christie. 
 ; Nath. Bullen. Table-spoon: Mr. Lowe, Chester. 
 | chas? Bird. Assay Office Plate, Chester. 
 9 Ri Richd. Richardson. Oval tobacco box, dated 1704: 
 Chester Corporation. 
 Peter Pemberton. | Large rat-tail tablespoon: Mr. Lowe. 
 D @ | Name not traced. | Assay Office Plate, Chester. 
 ys Hos ae ay Do. do. ar 
 Ad Rol Thos. Robinson. | Tumbler cup: Judge Wynne- 
 Ffoulkes. 
 9 Name not traced. | Assay Office Plate, Chester. 
 $9 @ ” ” Do. do. do. 
 ” etek Do. do. do. 
 99 99 9 Do. do. do. 
 ” — Tarleton. Do. do. do. 
 ” Ri} Richd. Richardson.| Com. cup and flagon, * given 
 1716’: St. Peter’s, Chester. 
 a’ @ iv “A Com, paten: Church of St. John 
 Baptist, Northgate, Chester. 
 ” DU Barth, Duke. Gravy spoon: Mr. Hignett. 
 Ma] Thos. Maddock. | Rat-tail spoon: Mr. Crichton. 
 vs Mia) BA Fr Assay Office Plate, Chester. 
 ” Ri Richd. Richardson. | Alms-plate, inscribed 1719: St. 
 John’s, Chester. 
 ”7 rT) ” % Com. cup: St. Bridget’s (now at 
 St, Mary’s), Chester. 
 ° Gd u " Small oar: Chester Corporation. 
 ” Thos. Maddock. | Rat-tailspoon: The Day Collection. 
 ” Rit Richd. Richardson. | Small cup with one handle : 
 Cordwainers’ Guild, Carlisle. 
 a Ri - 5 Rat-tail spoon: Chester Corpn. 
 ( Paten, on foot, dated 1723: St. 
 : Ri 1% es Michael’s, Chester. 
 : \ Gravy spoon: late Miss Farmer. 
 Ri ms my | Plate paten: St. Michael’s, Ches. 
 9° 
 Com. cup: St. John’s, Chester.” 
 
 ” ” 9 
 ” uM John Melling. 
 
 ARTICLES AND OWNERS. 
 
 a  —— 
 
 Table-spoon: Judge Wynne-Ffoulkes. 
 
 } Mark on small cup at Llanerchymedd; possibly the mark of a Richardson widow. 
 
 * Also watér-bailiff’s oar, dated 1726, badge of jurisdiction over.the river: Beaumaris, 
 
134 
 
 1726-7 
 GEO. It 
 
 1121-8 
 1728-9 
 1729-30 
 1730-4 
 1731-2 
 1782-3 
 11834 
 1134-5 
 1785-6 
 1736-1 
 (197-8 
 1738-9 
 1739-40 
 1740-4 
 1741-2 
 1142-3 
 1713-4 
 tTH4-5 
 1745-6 
 1146-1 
 ‘141-8 
 1148-9 
 (740-50 
 {160-4 
 
 Marks on Chester Plate 
 
 TABLE ITT, 
 
 FIVE STAMPS AS BELOW. 
 
 on LEOPARDS town MAKER’S NAME, 
 
 LI0 
 HEAD 
 PASSANT. CROWNED. MARK. 
 3/e| 6 
 
 9 
 
 DATE MAKER'S 
 LETTER. MARK, 
 
 Richd, Richardson. 
 
 Richd, Pike, 
 
 Wm. Richardson. 
 R.R. conjoined as 
 
 at 1728 above. 
 Richd, Richardson, 
 
 99 99 99 
 
 >-Ba& BEES 
 
 9° 
 
 SEHESESReagseeaeeass 
 
 oto lo» [@]| = = 
 
 * ” * T) ” ” 
 
 *” o o» | A RG Re “4 
 
 ee) paca! Exot [iQ | Wm. Richardson, 
 rs $8 +s _p [BP] Benj’n Pemberton. 
 or ‘ » | RR} Richd. Richardson. 
 Woe Wee ba GD | Thos. Maddock. 
 wg Weciten a & PRR} Richd. Richardson. 
 who lw 1G 
 
 mel ae eae} 
 
 ee & ny x4 Nai | Richd. Richardson. 
 
 S 
 
 tumbler: Mr. Lowe, 
 
 Benj’n Pemberton, 
 
 ARTICLES AND OWNERS, 
 
 Small salver: Messrs. Christie. 
 
 Large skewer: Messrs. G. 
 
 Com, cup, dated 1728: Kendal. 
 
 Rat-tail spoon: Mr. W. Boore. 
 
 Do. do. : Do. 
 
 Pipkin: Mr. Lowe, Chester. 
 
 Com. cup and cover, dated 1732: 
 Whitehaven, 
 
 Assay Office Plate, 
 
 Com. cup andcover: Workington. 
 
 do. : Kirkby Lonsdale. 
 do., dated 1735: Poulton 
 le-Fylde, Lancashire, 
 
 Half-pint mug: Messrs, Comyns. 
 
 Pair of alms-basins, dated 1737: 
 Chester Cathedral. 
 
 Large gravy spoon: Mr, W. Boore. 
 
 Assay Office Plate. 
 
 Table-spoon: Mr. G, Lambert. 
 
 Sauce-boat: Judge Wynne- 
 Ffoulkes., 
 
 Pap bowl: Messrs. Spink. 
 
 Do, do, : Mr, Lowe, Chester. 
 
 Sauce pan: Messrs. Crichton, 
 
 Date-letter conjectured. 
 
 Do, do. . do. 
 
 Table-spoon: Mr, Payne, 
 
 Pair of beakers: Judge Wynne- 
 Ffoulkes. 
 
 Plate: Messrs. Comyns. 
 
 Tumbler: Mr. W. Keir, Corwen. 
 
 Variant of date-letter for’ 1749-50: Assay Office Plate; and 
 
re a SS are ae 
 
 Marks on Chester Plate 
 
 TABLE IV. 
 
 “RAD TOWN 
 
 LIOn OATs 
 PASGANT. crowngD, MARK. 
 
 MAKER 
 LETTER. iy 
 
 MARK. MAKER’S NAME, 
 
 1751-z 8B. PR RY Richd. Richardson. 
 1752-3 oo oe ve Borb 
 
 Forf 
 
 lori 
 1760-1 7) ” » | Kork 
 1761-2 | o | ow | » | Lorl a9 
 Mattos >» | ED | : i ; 
 Po|.| . Re: 
 7645 | w | w | Mm]. 
 0) ote Eee 
 
 é 
 2 
 b 
 
 PRY RR] ” ” 
 
 oP ” ” 
 > Bolton & Fother- 
 
 Onn © mail, Him. vs 
 
 (Q =| Joseph Walley. 
 Geo. Walker. 
 
 V4 { James Dixon or 
 i) Jos. Duke, 
 
 +] 1D} ” ” 
 
 s3 Geo. Walker. 
 
 (09 | Richa. Richardson, 
 
 Another example of date-letter for this year: 
 Assay Office Plate. Also on a sugar basin (with 
 mark of Joseph Walley): The Goldsmiths’ Co. 
 
 1755-6 
 
 ion LEOPARDS town 
 PASSANT. cgiEAD ) MARK. 
 
 76-1 | 3 
 
 m8] | 
 m9] » | 
 119-80 | ES 
 01] | 
 ME oslo 
 118-3 | + |» 
 1183-4 | + | 
 
 {784-5 
 56] | 
 
 {186-7} + | 
 18-8} + | 
 11889] +» | 
 1189-90) | 
 
 4790-4 ” tired 
 791-2} °° " 
 1792-3 | +» ” 
 1793-4) % 
 1194-5 | + ” 
 1795-6 | + ” 
 "Y 
 196-1) + | + 
 
 tH] John 
 
 135 
 
 TABLE V. 
 
 DATE 
 
 20000802008 OpcceODO8058! 
 
 MAKER'S NAME. 
 Richd. Richardson. 
 
 George Walker. 
 
 Richd. Richardson. 
 
 ” 
 
 Joseph Walley. 
 ” ” 
 
 George Walker. 
 
 John Adamson. 
 HEAD. Richd. Richardson. 
 TN 
 a ” ” 
 
 BS) : 
 SRE ESERBE BP BB8e: @:- BoB ast 
 
 J. Clifton or 
 James Conway. 
 
 T; Pierpoint. 
 
 Robt. Boulger. 
 
 John Gilbert. 
 Robert Jones. 
 
 Wm. Hull, 
 
 Wm., Tarlton.* 
 
 James Barton. 
 E; Maddock. 
 
 Thos, Appleby. 
 
 Thos. Hilsby. 
 
 Thos. Morrow. _ 
 
 Adamson 
 
 John 
 & Son. 
 
 Hewitt. 
 
1797-8 
 
 1198-9 
 1199 
 1800 
 
 1800-4 
 
 1801-2 
 
 1802-3 
 1803-4 
 
 1804-5 
 1805-6 
 1806-7 
 1807-8 
 1808-9 
 1809-10 
 1810-1 
 1811-2 
 1812-3 
 1813-4 
 184.8 
 1815-6 
 
 1816-7 
 1817-8 
 
 LION 
 PASSANT. 
 
 Ren! 
 
 v9 
 
 LEREARD'S Zon 
 CROWNED, MARK. LETTER. HEAD 
 
 BV AIS 
 
 9 
 
 HBSOHHSOR ORR ERO ROBE aS 
 
 Marks on Chester Plate 
 
 DATE 
 
 TABLE VI. 
 
 SIX STAMPS AS BELOW. 
 
 a ‘ ’ 
 
 KING'S mest? MAKERS NAME, 
 George Lowe, 
 Robt. Jones, 
 
 Robert Green, 
 
 88 @ @ 
 
 | Nicholas Cunliffe, 
 
 “G Maker’s mark 
 indistinct, 
 
 George Walker, 
 
 g 
 
 o” ” ” 
 
 Name not traced, 
 
 BO 
 
 | Nicholas Lee, 
 
 9 ” 29 
 
 eI 
 
 a George Lowe, 
 ” Mark indistinct. . 
 Name not traced, 
 
 John Walker, 
 
 William Pugh 
 
 (of Birmingham). 
 
 Lhd 
 
 BHE® 
 
 ” Abbott & Jones. 
 
 bie ” » 
 
 ” Jas Morton, 
 ns | ” rT 
 
 “i HA Hugh Adamson. 
 | GB | John — Abbott. 
 
 een 
 
 ARTICLES AND OWNERS, 
 
 Large skewer : Judge Wynne- 
 Ffoulkes, 
 
 Extinguisher: Messrs, Crich- 
 ton, 
 
 Watch-case, noted in Man- 
 chester. 
 
 Do, do. do. 
 
 Goblet: Messrs, Welby. 
 
 Gravy-spoon : Messrs, Deben- 
 ham, 
 Table-spoon: Mr, W, Boore. 
 
 Marks noted by the Author, 
 
 Watch-case, noted in Man- 
 chester, 
 
 Do, do, do, 
 
 Skewer: Mr, Lowe, Chester. 
 
 Table-spoon: Mr. Wills, 
 Marks noted by Author. 
 
 Watch-case: Mr. Spiridion, 
 Sugar-tongs: Mr. Harris. 
 
 ‘Watch-case noted by the 
 Author, 
 do, 
 
 Do, do, 
 
 Sauce-boat: Mr, Crichton, 
 Fish-slice: Mr, Phillips, 
 
 Watch-case noted by the 
 Author, 
 
 Do. do, do, 
 
1818-9 
 
 1819-20 
 
 GEO. IV. 
 1820-1 
 
 {891-2-3 
 1893-4 
 {804-5 
 1895-6 
 1896-1 
 {821-8 
 18989 
 1829-30 
 WM. IV. 
 1830-4 
 (831-2 
 {832-3 
 1833-4 
 1834-5 
 
 18386 
 
 1836-7 
 vICT. 
 1837-8 
 
 1838-9 
 
 LION LEOPARD'S TOWN 
 
 PASSANT 
 
 HEAD. 
 
 vr 
 
 ae 
 
 9 
 
 MARK. LETTER. HEAD. 
 
 ¥ 
 
 99 
 
 Marks on Chester Plate 37 
 
 TABLE VII. 
 
 SIX STAMPS AS BELOW. 
 
 DATE KINGS MAKER'S MAKER’S NAME, SOURCE OF MARKS, 
 
 2 ee 
 
 Walker. From wax impression: Mr. 
 
 ee As Lowe, B.A. 
 Assay Office Plate and Records. 
 
 7 
 
 3S) 
 
 BRR Zz ZO RORHOBESBEBBSSBE 
 
 ’ & Vale & Co. 
 
 Jones & Reeves. Do. do. do. 
 
 Hy. Adamson. Do. do. do. 
 
 ). : 
 
 | Mary Huntingdon. Do. do, do. 
 
 John Twemlow. Do. do. do. 
 
 Small cream-jug: Mr. 
 Crichton. 
 
 Flate: Mr. Lowe, Chester. 
 
 Ji Morton. 
 Geo. Lowe. 
 
 Robt. Bowers. Assay Office Plate, Chester. 
 
 Thos. Newton. Do. do. do. 
 
 John Hilsby, L’pool. 
 
 \ Do. do. do. 
 
 Gravy spoon: Mr, Lowe, 
 Chester. 
 
 Assay Office Plate, Chester. 
 
 John Coakley. 
 
 John Parsonage. - 
 
 Thos, Walker or 
 
 Thos. Woodfield Do. do. do. 
 
 Robt. Lowe. Do. do. do. 
 
 Richd. Lucas. Do, do. do. 
 
 John Walker. Do. do, do. 
 
 Jos. L, Samuel. Do. do. do. 
 
 Large quantity of table plate, 
 
 John  Sutters. 
 Liverpool. 
 
 SSOODOEHDOCRBSEE M7 HGEEEOGHD 
 
 Pocket compass case: Cap- 
 tain Williams. 
 
 99 
 
 Henry Close. 
 
Marks on Chester Plate 
 
 FIVE STAMPS AS BELOW. 
 
 1840-4 
 1841-3 
 1842-3 
 1843-4 
 184-5 
 1846-6 
 1846-1 
 {847-8 
 1848-9 
 
 1860-{ 
 1851-2 
 1852.4 
 1859-4 
 1854-5 
 1855-6 
 
 1857-8 
 1858-9 
 1859-60 
 1860-4 
 
 1861-2 
 1862-3 
 1863-4 
 
 1849-50 
 
 1856-7. 
 
 LION 
 PASSANT. 
 
 TOWN 
 
 MARK. LETTER. “MEAD. 
 
 1090-40 | 3 | @ 
 
 SS OBSSO0SBS2S0C PB SS2SO8 08088 
 
 DATE QUEEN'S MAKERS 
 MARK, 
 
 : © 
 fH & 
 E: 
 
 x 
 S 
 
 BE@=O@BBBEBE 
 
 SB BRORA ERB OE 
 
 Oo 
 O 
 sal 
 
 TABLE VIII. 
 
 MAKER’S NAME. 
 
 a 
 
 J. & Thos, Lowe. 
 
 Henry 
 
 John F, 
 
 Christr, 
 ee 
 
 Richard 
 G. C, 
 Thos, 
 A, G. 
 John 
 Joseph 
 Edwd, 
 Elias 
 Geo, 
 
 H. 
 
 HT, 
 
 Francis 
 
 Adamson, 
 
 Leonard, 
 Smith, 
 
 Samuel, 
 
 Burgess, 
 Crofton. 
 
 Burbidge, 
 
 Wathew. 
 
 Jones, 
 
 Wilson. 
 
 Kirkman, 
 
 Ward, 
 
 Cubbin, 
 
 Adamson. 
 
 Lowe, 
 
 (Manchester), 
 
 ooley, 
 Rogers, 
 Lowe. 
 Mayer. 
 Jones, 
 Nathan, 
 
 Roberts, 
 
 Fishwick, 
 
 Stuart, 
 
 Butt. 
 
 Sauce-boat ; Mr, P, Lannon, 
 
 Assay Office Plate and Records, 
 
 Do: 
 Do, 
 Do. 
 Do. 
 
 SOURCE OF MARKS, 
 
 do. 
 
 do, 
 
 do.. 
 
 do, 
 
 do, 
 do. 
 
 do, 
 do. 
 do, 
 do, 
 do, 
 do, 
 
 do, 
 
 do, 
 do, 
 
 do, 
 do, 
 do, 
 do, 
 do, 
 do, 
 do, 
 
 do, 
 
 do. 
 do, 
 
 do, 
 do, 
 
 do. 
 
 do. 
 
 do. 
 do, 
 
 do. 
 do. 
 do, 
 do. 
 do, 
 do, 
 
 do, 
 
 do, 
 do, 
 
 do, 
 do, 
 do, 
 do, 
 do. 
 do, 
 do, 
 do, 
 
 do, 
 do, 
 
 SY ie 
 
1864-5 
 1866-6 
 1866-7 
 1867-8 
 1868-9 
 1869-70 
 1870-4 
 {871-8 
 1872°3 
 1813-4 
 1874-6 
 1876-6 
 1816-7 
 4811-8 
 1878-9 
 1879-80 
 1880-4 
 1881-2 
 1882-3 
 1888-4 
 
 Marks on Chester 
 
 TABLE IX. 
 
 FIVE STAMPS AS BELOW. 
 
 LION TOWN DATE ; . 
 PASSANT. MARK. LETTER UEKD. “aAnR. | MAKER’S NAME. 
 
 SJ 
 
 Wm. Dodge. 
 
 © 
 
 BOCBBSOREAOGE 
 
 John Richards. 
 
 Sam!. Ward, Man- 
 chester. 
 
 Geo. Lowe, junr. 
 
 Henry Tarlton, 
 Liverpool. 
 
 W. Roskell, Livee- 
 pool. 
 
 S. Quilliam. 
 Geo. Roberts. 
 Robt. Over. 
 Thos. Russell. 
 Hugh Green. 
 
 Samuel & Rogers. 
 
 Ww 
 Re 
 ES) 
 
 A. Cruickshank. 
 S. Quilliam. 
 
 Geo. F. Wright, 
 
 of os as Liverpool. 
 oseph Knight, 
 a? whe Birmingham. 
 
 T. Power & Son, 
 Liverpool. 
 
 Benge Nathan. 
 
 Wm. Smith, Liver 
 pool. 
 
 S £&pe pe & > 
 BBEtBBABB 
 
 SQ EQGeasoesb esecgqgqgoeeogcs 
 
 A. Rogers, Liver- 
 pool. 
 
 Plate 
 
 TABLE X. 
 
 139 
 
 FIVE STAMPS TILL 1890, 
 
 1884-5 712) 
 
 1885-6 
 1886-7 
 1887-8 
 1888-9 
 1889-90 
 1890-1 
 1891-2 
 1892-3 
 1893-4 
 1894-5 
 1895-6 
 1896-7 
 1897-8 
 
 1898-9 
 
 1899 
 1900 
 
 1900-1 
 
 €0W. Vil. 
 
 1901-2 
 1902-3 
 
 SSEa0 00 DBR3 820800800088 
 
 FOUR AFTERWARD. 
 
 LION TOWN DATE QUEEN'S MAKERS 
 PASSANT, MARK. LETTER. HEAD. MARK. 
 
 INBS) 
 
 B0800088 Shea 6 Qs 
 
140 Marks on Chester Plate 
 
 TABLE XI. 
 
 FOUR STAMPS, WITH MAKER’S MARK. 
 
 DATE. LION PASSANT. TOWN MARK. RS, SOURCE OF MARKS. 
 A fj] eee 
 
 1903-4 Koo 0 From Assay Office Records, 
 
 1904-5 ” ” 'D)) Do. do. do. 
 
 1905-6 a fs 8] Do, do, do, 
 
 1906-7 ‘5 "9 Do. do. do. 
 
 1907-8 A aa Do, do. do, 
 
 1908-9 . 8 a, Do. i ee 
 
 1909-10 a = baa Do, do. do. 
 
 IgI0-1 ‘ = @ Do. do. do, 
 
 IQII-2 z a £3 Do. do. do. 
 
 1QI2-3 ” ” My) 
 
 1913-4 " " N) 
 
 1914-5 as @ | 
 
 1915-6 | ” ” Ft 
 
 1916-7 ** ” b3 
 
 1917-8 oe ” IR 
 
 1918-9 ” ” Es 
 
 1919-20 be ” ih 
 
 1920-1 * ” GD 
 
 1921-2 ae 
 
1773-4 
 1774-5 
 1775-6 
 1776-7 
 {777-8 
 4178-9 
 
 1180-4 
 4781-2 
 1782-3 
 1783-4 
 1184-5 
 1786-6 
 4786-1 
 1787-8 
 1788-9 
 1189-90 
 1730-1 
 1191-2 
 1192-3 
 1193-4 
 1794-5 
 1195-6 
 1796-7 
 * 1791-8 
 
 *The King’s head is found in stamps both of oval and indented autline for the year 1797-8, and in 
 
 1119-80 
 
 GAP Bek exX 
 
 Marks on Birmingham Plate 
 
 The Birmingham Assay Office was established in 1773. 
 
 LION 
 PASBANT, ANCHOB. , BUTE 
 
 « 
 Se 
 Ss) 
 
 Bods 
 
 23. 
 
 oo 
 
 kB : 
 
 99 
 
 99 
 
 a9) A 
 
 . 90 
 99 
 ‘9 
 9 
 99 
 as 
 99 
 
 “99 
 ay 
 “9 
 9 
 9 
 on) 
 9 
 9 
 9% 
 99 
 2 
 
 oo” 
 99 
 
 a9 
 
 9% 
 
 ETTER. 
 
 KINGS 
 D 
 
 99 
 
 99 
 
 99 
 
 99 
 
 9 
 
 = 
 = 
 
 N) 
 S 
 
 gagqdaqaeeqceuecqeeaaqeaes 
 
 ALBEE a, 
 
 MAKER’S NAME. 
 
 MAKER'S 
 MARK. 
 
 FOUR STAMPS UNTIL 1784, THENCEFORWARD 
 
 FIVE, AS BELOW. 
 
 ARTICLES AND OWNERS, 
 
 Matthew Boulton 
 &John Fothergill, 
 
 > ” 
 
 Alston. 
 
 A 
 
 Alston. 
 
 = 
 @ 
 
 ” ” 
 
 Henry Holland. 
 
 8Qze 
 
 Joseph Taylor, 
 
 a 
 ~~ 
 
 99 » 
 
 Thos. Willmore. 
 Mathw. Boulton. 
 
 Samuel Pemberton. 
 
 @ BE 
 
 9 ” 
 
 <= 
 =< 
 
 Mathw. Boulton. 
 Joseph Taylor. 
 John Shaw. 
 
 Thos. Willmore. 
 
 “BBE 
 
 some instances the King’s head mark is stamped twice. 
 
 141 
 
 6 be, Willmore & 
 
 i BS Willmore & 
 
 Samuel Pemberton. 
 
 Samuel Pemberton. 
 
 } 
 
 Charles Freeth. 
 99 ” ” 
 : Richard _ Bickley, 
 IR BICF | Chics Preeti \ 
 Boulton & Fothergill. 
 
 } 
 
 ) 
 
 Pair of salts: 
 Assay Office. 
 
 Candlesticks: Mr. M. B. Huish. 
 Do. : B’m’ham Assay Office. 
 
 Birmingham 
 
 Mounts of horse-pistols. Mr. 
 F. Weekes. 
 
 Light striker: Mr. F. Weekes. 
 Mountsofpistol: Mr. Dudley Westropp. 
 Cake-basket: Mr, H. D. Ellis. 
 Candlesticks : Mr. W. Boore. 
 
 Pair of shoe buckles: B’m’ham 
 Assay Office. 
 
 Marks from B’m’ham Assay 
 Office Records. 
 
 Do. do. do. 
 
 Pair of shoe buckles: B’m’ham 
 Assay Office. 
 
 Pair of shoe buckles: Mr. 
 Dicker. 
 
 Snuff-box: Mr. Falk. 
 
 Watch-case: B’m’ham Assay 
 Office. 
 
 Snuff-box: Messrs. Robinson 
 a d Fisher, 
 
 Caddy spoon: Do. _— do. 
 
 Marrow spoon: Mr, Simmonds. 
 
 Pair of shoe buckles: The 
 Author’s Collection. 
 
 Tripod fruit stand; B’m’ham 
 Assay Office. 
 
 Patch-box: B’m’ham Assay 
 Office. 
 
 Snuff-box : Mr. Lowe, Chester. 
 
 Candelabrum : 
 Assay Office. 
 
 Caddy spoon: 
 Assay Office. 
 
 Vinaigrette: The 
 Collection. 
 
 Scent bottle case: 
 Assay Office. 
 
 Vinaigrette: B’m’ham Assay 
 Office. 
 
 Birmingham 
 Birmingham 
 Author’s 
 
 B’m’ham 
 
142 
 
 1798-9 
 
 1709 
 1800 
 
 {800-1 
 1804-2 
 {809-3 
 {803-4 
 1804-5 
 1806-6 
 1806-7 
 {807-8 
 1808-9 
 1800-10 
 1810-1 
 {841-2 
 1818-9 
 1813-4 
 1814-5 
 1815-6 
 1816-7 
 1817.8 
 1818-9 
 1819-20 
 GEO. IV. 
 1880-4 
 1891-2 
 1829-3 
 1893.4 
 
 LION ATE AKER'S 
 PASSANT, ANCHOR. POT ER MNOS ARE. 
 
 3) @ 
 
 9 
 
 ” 
 
 99 
 
 Ga daecoagqoe €eaqde 
 
 Marks on Birmingham Plate 
 TABLE II. 
 
 FIVE STAMPS AS BELOW. 
 
 MAKER’S NAME, 
 
 Willmore & Alston. 
 
 Samuel Pemberton. 
 
 Forrest & Wasdell. 
 John Turner ? 
 Thos. Willmore ? 
 
 ‘lection. 
 
 Matthew Boulton. 
 
 John Shaw, 
 Collection. 
 
 Joseph Taylor, 
 
 Matthew —_ Linwood; 
 William Pugh. 
 
 Joseph Willmore, 
 Cocks & Bettridge. 
 
 William Pugh. 
 
 4Gaaq aaa 
 
 Snuft-box : Do. 
 
 Matthew _ Boulton: 
 
 John Shaw. 
 
 Thropp & Taylor. 
 
 T. Simpson & Son. 
 
 Jeseph Taylor. 
 
 (5: 
 &): 
 
 Lyon. 
 Cocks & Bettridge. 
 
 W. Lea & Co. 
 
 Vinaigrette 
 
 7 9? 
 
 Samuel Pemberton, 
 Wardell & Kempson. 
 
 | Edward Thomason. 
 
 Joseph Willmore. | Snuff-box : Do. 
 
 ” ” 
 
 Collection. 
 
 Matthew Linwood & 
 Son. 
 
 Lea & Clark. 
 
 son & Fisher. 
 
 John Lawrence 
 & Co. 
 
 Joseph Willmore. 
 
 cD 
 Lac) 
 » | GED 
 GD 
 
 Vinaigrette: Do, 
 
 LN) 
 
 ARTICLES AND OWNERS, 
 
 Nutmeg box: Mr. Fitzhenry, 
 
 Snuff-box : Messrs. Spink. 
 
 Nutmeg grater: Messrs, Spink. 
 Vinaigrette: B’ham Assay Off. 
 Patch-box: The Author’s Col- 
 
 Toast rack: B’ham Assay Off, 
 Vinaigrette: The Author’s 
 
 Mustard spoon : Mr, Fitzhenry, 
 
 Snuff-box: The Author's Coll, 
 Caddy spoon: B’m Assay Off. 
 
 Nutmeg grater: Mr, Ballard. 
 Snuff-box: The Author’s Coll. 
 Cheest scoop: Messrs. Christie, 
 Snuff-box: Mr. Bruford, 
 
 Do. : B'ham Assay Office. 
 Snuff-box : Messrs, Spink, 
 | Do. : Btham Assay Office. 
 Salt-spoons: Messrs. M. & S. 
 
 Mustard-spoon: The Author. 
 
 | Snuff-box: Messrs. Spink, 
 
 Vinaigrette: Mr. G: Lowe. 
 Child’s coral: Miss Jackson. 
 
 .Tea-spoon: B’ham Assay Off. . 
 
 Vinaigrette: The Author's 
 Sandwich box: Messrs, Robin- 
 
 Seal : Birmingham Assay Office. 
 
 Snuff-box : Do. 
 
 do. 
 
 Do. 
 
 do. 
 
 do. 
 
 do. 
 
 On plate of 1801 to 1811 the King’s head mark is frequently found in a stamp of oval shape, and 
 on plate of 1812 to 1825 i 
 
 ¢ is sometimes found in a foliated Stamp as shown at 1797-8 and 1809-10, 
 
Plate 
 
 Marks on Birmingham 143 
 
 ek 
 
 TABLE III. 
 Babine ANCHOR. DATE, Uncs MARERS MAKER’S NAME. ARTICLES AND OWNERS, 
 Cr T. Pemberton & Son, | Salt-spoons: B’m. Assay Office. 
 1824-5 La G Q{ Charles Jones, Sugar-tongs: Do. do, 
 4995-8 8 Ledsam, Vale &Wheeler.} Snuff-box: Messrs. Spink. 
 . ny | oo ” Thomas Shaw. Do. : Mr. John Fullerton, 
 John Lawrence & Co. Do. : The Author’s Coll’n. 
 1826-7 ia a Gd 83 Nathaniel Mills. Do. : B’m’ham Assay Office. 
 : Unite and Hilliard Caddy spoon: Do. do. 
 4827-8 ” rr) Es) ” M. Boulton & Plate Co, | Taper-stand : Do. do. 
 CW) oseph Willmore. Snuff-box: The Author’s Coll’n. 
 {828-9 ” 99. @ ”s | Edward Thomason, | Cake-basket: M’s’rs. Smith & Rait. 
 talline: Fowke. ane peta B’m’ham Assay Off, 
 4990. (1B) ohn Bettridge. nuff-box : Do. do, 
 1829-30 | +s | { rau Ledsam, Vale & Wheeler. | Wine-labels : Do. do. 
 tf as. Gi i Thos, Ryland & Sons, | Pairofspurs: Do. do. 
 : {6} | M. Boulton & Plate Co,| Cake-basket: Do. do, 
 gt fo» |» | OY @R{9 | Joseph Willmore. | Handles of knife and fork : 
 . Birmingham Assay Office. 
 4930-3 | 9 | 9 Kj vie bares - A Silver-gilt knife, fork, and spoon: 
 Birmingham Assay Office. 
 3 R EJ | Edward) Smitth. Snuff-box: Messrs, Spink. 
 1833-4 ae ” 
 LVR) oe &  Ratheram, Watch-case: B’m’ham Assay Off. 
 ; T&P) aylor & Perry. Caddy-spoon: Do, do. - 
 i Da 0| William Phillips. Snuff-box : Mr, Bruford. 
 1835-6 Joo» 9 ” | Gy Gervase Wheeler. Vinaigrette: Mr. G. Lowe. 
 1836-1 Oia wee iQ re { Francis Clark. Snuff-box : The Author’s Coll’n. 
 vas Joseph Jennens & Co. | Baron’s coronet: Messrs. Crichton. 
 ‘ GS | Thomas Spicer. Watch-case: B’m’ham Assay Off. 
 {837-8 | » | ” { Roitssons’ Babine Aston: | Standish ei) Dos nS 
 1938.9 © Pe a9 1 George Unite. Wine labels: Do, do, 
 ) Nathaniel Mills; Snuff-box : Do. do. 
 4339-40 | o> | 9» » | GER | Neville & Ryland? Do. : Do. do. 
 0-1}; °* | + ” rT) ” e Do. : B’m’ham Assay Office. 
 1841-2 ” a9 §3 ” ... | From Birmingham Assay Office 
 Records. 
 : Robinson, Edkins & | Hand candlestick: Messrs, M. & 
 1842-3 yf i Cr, u Aston, ; Ss. Lyon. 
 : Boe tas LCN tov Rdward  Sniith. Snuff-box: Messrs. Spink. 
 ES 
 4844-6 ” 9 Ay ” Nathaniel Mills. Do. : B’m’ham Assay Office. 
 1845-6 ae Ga ” Wm. & Ed. Turnpenny, | Oval strainer: Mr. Peters, 
 Yapp & Woodward. | Apple scoop: B’m’ham Assay Off. 
 1846-7 ” ” ” { Nathaniel Mills. Snuff-box : Do. do, 
 4947-8 a 79) ” ”” ” ” Vinaigrette : Messrs. Spink. 
 4848-9 a ke ” From Birmingham Assay Office 
 Records, 
 
 *On plate of the early part of 1838-9 the head of King William is sometimes found stamped, 
 although Queen Victoria succeeded to the throne in 1837. 
 
144 Marks on Birmingham Plate 
 
 TABLE IV. 
 
 FIVE STAMPS AS BELOW. 
 
 D. ERENS MAKER'S ’ &. 
 PASSANT, ANCHOR. , DATE, QUEER’ eee MAKER'S NAME, ARTICLES AND OWNERS. 
 
 Pa ee 
 
 1849-50 © | Nathaniel Mills, 
 
 1850-4 9 99 'B, ” Edward Smith. 
 
 1851-2 | »» ye ” ” ” ” 
 
 1862-3 | "” ‘9 Nathl, Mills, as 
 
 1849. 
 
 4] | |B]. ; 
 
 8545 | + | ” 
 
 1856-6 | + 1 ” George Unite. 
 
 tte-7 | |» " 
 
 1857-8 9 9 0 
 
 1858-9 oe 9 "1 
 
 1859-60 | oo ” George Unite. 
 
 004 | | oe ‘ 
 
 {86-2 Jo | os “ 
 
 1362-8 9 iid ” a H. & Co., as on page 
 414. 
 
 1863-4 99 eo 0} iB) 
 
 1864-5 | v9 'P} ” Names registered after | 
 1850 not disclosed. 
 
 ‘1865-6 99 9 Q) 9 
 
 eT |» |» (PRT. ‘ 
 
 we} |» (O. | we 
 
 9 | | 1]. 
 
 won|» |. (Ol. 
 
 wn4 |» |» (QI. 
 
 1871-2 *s W]) A Crown and 18 instead 
 of lion passant. 
 
 es | |» |OQ) 
 
 1873-4 99 TY rY) a 
 
 M5 |» |» GD] » 
 
Marks on Birmingham Plate 145 
 ee, V: TABLE VI. 
 
 DATE, An- Lion Date Maker's 
 ark. 
 
 LIOW sncuor DATE QUEEN'S MAKERS chor, Passant. Letter. 
 
 PASSANT. LETTER. HEAD. 
 
 @/ 0/0 |am 
 
 99 
 
 TQ00-1 
 
 IQOI-2 
 
 S 
 
 1902-3 
 
 1903°4 
 1904-5 
 1905-6 
 1906-7 
 1907-8 
 1908-9 
 1909-10 
 IgIo-I 
 IQIi-2 
 192-3 2 
 
 1913-4 
 
 1914-5 
 
 1915-6 
 1916-7 
 1917-8 
 1918-9 
 
 1gIg-20 
 
 N&H) 
 &D 
 SWS) 
 : 
 
 1920-I 
 
 1g2I-2 
 1922-3 
 
 1923-4 
 
 n< ~«BOo803 & 
 
 1924-5 
 
 @ 
 0 
 e) 
 @ 
 g 
 ty 
 G 
 8 
 @ 
 @ 
 @ 
 ) 
 & 
 4 
 0 
 2) 
 LU 
 
 The Birmingham Assay Office will not disclose the names of silversmiths registered after 1850. 
 The twenty-year cycle for Birmingham commencing with 1925-6 and continuing to 1945-6 is distin- 
 guished by date letters in Roman capitals, in a shield resembling that for London, 1875-6. 
 
146 Marks on Birmingham Plate 
 
 ¢ 
 
 SUPPLEMENTARY LIST OF ADDITIONAL MARKS OF 
 : GOLDSMITHS. 
 
 Impressed at Birmingham, not illustrated in the preceding tables. 
 
 DATE, MARK. MAKER’S NAME, ARTICLES AND OWNERS, 
 
 1776-7 Jos, Adams & Son. 
 
 1778-9 Edward Sawyer. 
 
 Pierced sugar-tongs : Messrs, Crichton. 
 
 Do, do. $ Do, do, 
 
 1783-4 Samuel Pemberton, : 
 
 “eee ore one 
 
 1804-5 Caddy spoon: Mr. P. Phillips, 
 
 Do, 
 
 do, 
 
 do, : do, . 
 
 do, : Do. do, 
 do, : Do. do, 
 
 Musical snuff-box: Mr. A. J. Grimes, 
 Caddy spoon: Mr. P, Phillips, 
 
 do. : 
 
 1806-7 H&Co. eee ooo eee 
 
 1807-8 
 
 @&® 
 1811-2 @& 
 1814-5 JL sof See ees 
 Thos. Newbold, 
 
 1820-1 
 
 1822-3 ; Ss P eee eos oro 
 
 1826 Geo. Tye & Jas, Kilner, 
 Geo. _ Tye. 
 
 Fox-mask box: Messrs, Crichton, 
 
 Do. do. : Do, | do. 
 
 1832-3 
 
 1876-7 Church plate in several Cornish parishes, 
 
 1862-3 | Church plate: Lanlivery. 
 
 1892-3 Church plate in several Cornish parishes, 
 
 HALL MARKS ON BIRMINGHAM GOLD WARES 
 
 THE MARKS HERE GIVEN ARE FOR THE SEVERAL CLASSES OF GOLD WARES 
 ; ASSAYED AT BIRMINGHAM, 
 
 22 Carat Omen 
 8 ., » Ho» » 
 : [5 © (G3 o> 89 
 BB» » 
 90375) 
 
 The date-letter for 1920- 
 is asmall Roman V 
 as here illustrated, 
 
———' 
 
 CHAPTER XI 
 Marks on Sheffield Silver 
 
 The Sheffield Assay Office was established in 1773. 
 
 TABLE I. 
 
 LION crown, DATE KIN 
 
 KING'S 
 
 PASSANT. LETTER, HEAD MAKER'S Nida PASSANT. CcROWY. UTTER. HEAD 
 8 Rich’d. Morton & Co. | 1799 
 {773-4 =] @ | ta & ve Roberts & Co. 1800 3) iE | & 
 Mat’w. Fenton & Co, 
 1774-5 Geo. Ashforth & Co. reel ‘ Be 
 1115-6 John Winter & Co. 1801-2) » | » w{ 
 1776-7 AR | Wm. Damant. *) 1802-3] M ey 
 Tudor and Leader. 
 11-8 8 Fenton Creswick & Co. 1803-4)» i ue 
 17789 Bl | GB Jyonn smith > 80.5] » |» ; 
 {779-80 ees a", +] 1806-6] +» | oy | PBJ} 
 1780-1 @ Nath’l. Smith & Co. 1806-7 | 99. | os 
 1781-3 iD) Fenton Creswick & Co. {807-8 | 9» ve a 
 4189-3 John Winter & Co. 1808-9 v9 - | 99 Pp} e 
 : Danl. Holy & Co. 
 1783-4 MB} a John Parsons & Co. 1809-10)» eS x) 
 {184-5 @| . Ses “| isioa| @\-{ 
 (on) : re f 
 1785-6 ES «(| Richd. Morton & Co. +] 1-2 | ss Es QB 
 4786-7 John Parsons & Co, 1312-3 |» . in) . 
 {181.8 z oe waa)» |» [Ra] 
 1788-9 3 | John Younge & Sons. A Hira tas © i 
 y RS R, Sutcliffe & 
 1789-90 ) IRS) Co. (2) 8158} » | >» 1@|» 
 1790-4 John Parsons & Co, 
 @ 1816-7 | v» | + " 
 : gee |John Y & Sons. 
 1101-2 ohn Younge & Sons aes ia ae a 
 {799-3 [eXXG] | John Parsons & Co. 1818-9 | 
 4793-4 | Thos. Law. 7 { 
 1794-6 John Green & Co. *| 1819-20 | Beas 
 V 
 y x | John Y & Sons, GEO. IV. 
 1195-8 Q] GERETR | John Younge & Sons ot | |» [@|o 
 4796-1 Geo. Eadon & Co. 
 7 1821-2 | o» | " 
 1797-8 @ ae Pee B 
 : Saml. Roberts, jr. 5H Net 205 ys 
 1198-9 Geo. Cadman & Co. 
 a EDL roles Ud 
 
 * +t See notes on p. 
 147 
 
 TABLE. IL 
 
 Z 
 Ps 
 = 
 
 = 
 me ; 
 meh. & & & Re eo 
 foes "ff Bo EB Ee am 
 o rol 
 
 a 
 CS 
 
 Lon! 
 
 ER 
 og 
 
 1 oo om ER 
 BR SE 
 
 MAKER’S NAME. 
 
 John Love & Co. 
 John Green & Co. 
 Geo.  Ashforth &Co. 
 John Green & Co. 
 Thos... Watson & Co. 
 
 Thos. & Danl. Leader. 
 Richd. Morton & Co. 
 
 Nathan Smith & Co. 
 
 Jas. 
 Alexr. Goodman & Co. 
 
 jer 
 
 Ellis’ & Co. 
 
 Younge & Co. 
 
 W. Tucker & Co. 
 
 Thos. Blagden& Co. 
 John Roberts & Co. 
 Geo. Eadon & Co, 
 
 John Roberts & Co., 
 
 as 1809-10 above. 
 
 Smith, Tate & Co. 
 (Nicholson & Holt). 
 
 Kirkby, Waterhouse 
 
 & Co. 
 John Law 
 J. Ellis & Co. (?) 
 John Watson. 
 
 ; John and Thos. Settle, 
 
 S.C. 
 
 Thos. and Jas.Creswick 
 Kirkby, Waterhouse 
 & Co. 
 
 Younge & Co. 
 
 G. Cooper & Co. 
 
 Smith, Tate, Hoult & 
 Tate, 
 
 Joseph Law 
 John Green & Co. 
 Wm. Briggs. 
 
148 Marks on Sheffield Silver 
 
 TABLE III. TABLE IV. 
 
 , MAKER’S NAME, AT LION QUEEN’ ’ 
 PASSANT CROWN LettER abeG j CROWN.LETTER, PASSAT GEER? MA MARR MAKER'S NAME. 
 
 S. C, Younge & Co. 
 
 Wm. Blackwell & Co, "1844-5 ae i Eyre & 
 
 Ra ac Hodson & 1845-6 
 
 = o. 9 'B} 99 99 
 Battie, Howard & 
 Hawksworth. 4846-7 ” 99 | 9s 
 TI oe ; ick, 
 T. J. & N. Creswick us|» 1M} » |» 
 BH Battie, Howard & 
 4 ; Hawksworth, {848-9 | 9 re ier 
 John Settle & ae 
 1829.30 & Williamson. 1849-59 
 WH, WV. 5: ” * | + | + |Hawksworth, Eyre & 
 (830-4 T. J. & N. Creswick. Co. 
 800-1 |» |@l. |. 
 1831-2 ¥ JB) Jas. Burbury, 
 Stafford & Newton. 1851-2 | ov» oy fos > 
 1832-3 ” fWaxe) | Atkin & Oxley. 
 833-4 T. J. & N. Creswick. 1852-3 | * sy | . : 
 1833- 
 Wm. Allanson & Co. 1969-4 B Ps) Ee : 
 nding bee Hodson & 
 18545 | » | Ol |. sk 
 Howard & Hawksworth. 7 
 1855-6 ” ae a ° . 
 + ; be a 
 Pas Hy. Wilkinson & Co. {856-7 rT) ” 9 ary oe ene 
 ae = 18578 | +» | @] 
 Ak Samuel Harwood. 1858-9 | 4, iP) oo | op . . eee 
 » © y as {850-60 | +> | DEQ] +> | +» | BQH | Martin Hall & Co, 
 vi 1860-{ | 9» v9 | 9 ran 
 Hawksworth, Eyre & 
 ki € Co. 1861-3 ” iT 99 ” * 
 i 4862-3 ” Tr) ” H-H pe Bros. & How. 
 *Additional examples for the year 1826-7: 1888-5 |. + pack = : 
 ; Makers’ mark of J. Nowill 
 Be 3 @ 8 on re aa ag We Nowall, 1864-5 | » | ARQ] +> | o> | Guam | Fenton Bros. 
 oon oM wk » 99 1. Rodgers. 
 1865-6 | +5 aie Hy. Archer & Co, 
 1966-7 | » | o> | GRR | Martin Hall & Co., Ltd. 
 1867-8 | 9 ta oS < jee te 
 
 *BB6 & A further example of the marks for _ 
 1844-5. Candlesticks: Windsor Castle. 
 Makers’ mark of W. Allanson & Co. 
 
Marks on Sheffield Silver 149 
 
 ae. \V. TABLE VI. 
 
 : \ 
 .. LION DATE QUEEN'S ’ 4 ‘i 
 CROWNS AESANT.LETTERHEAD. MARR. MAKER S NAME. CROWN. 0 EUANT, LETTER. "MARR MAKERS NAME, 
 
 868.9 GB} | Martin Hatt & Co., Ltd, 
 ls is |B! x > 
 
 810-1 | + |» 
 1 ee ae 
 
 ww James Deakin & Sons. 
 John Round & Son, Ltd. 
 Jas. Deakin & Sons, 
 Mappin & Webb. 
 
 1872-3 J » | 
 1873-4 Oo ads 
 1874-5 | oo | ov 
 1875-6 | | » 
 1876-7 |» |» 
 187-8 |» | 
 1878-9: | +» | 9» 
 1879-80 | os | 9» 
 1880-1 | +» | 9» 
 1881-2 | *» | » 
 1803 |» | 9s 
 1883-4} °° | 
 1884-5 | os | oo 
 1885-6 | »» |» 
 1806-7 |r | os 
 1887-8 | 1» | + 
 1888-9 | 9» | 9» 
 1889-90 | »» | 
 
 Fordham & Faulkner. 
 x9 | €853 | John Harrison & Co., Ld. Lee & Wigfull. 
 Atkin Brothers. 
 Walker & Hall. 
 
 Roberts & Belk. 
 
 SEVERBREae 
 
 Harrison Bros. & Howson. 
 
 Hawksworth, Eyre & 
 Co., Ltd. 
 
 W. Briggs & Co. 
 
 4890-4 | »» ” Martin Hall & Co., Ltd. 
 
 1801-2 |v | os 
 a 
 
 Jas. Dixon & Sons. 
 
 g 
 b) 
 0) 
 Q 
 8 
 @ 
 0) 
 D) 
 G 
 6) 
 G 
 © 
 0) 
 ® 
 @ 
 G 
 
 NSeEsBSseedOQGBoO Foe sBesoececseauagae ® 
 
 BBoagé 
 
 Henry Stratford. 
 
150 Marks on Sheffield Silver 
 
 TABLE VII. 
 
 FOUR -STAMPS AS BELOW. 
 
 CROWN. pabgenriocren, aKER’s MAKER’S NAME, ARTICLES AND OWNERS, 
 
 TB Thos. Bradbury &| Various articles of plate, 
 &S Sons. 
 
 Do. co. do, 
 
 do. 
 
 Notes for p. 147. 
 
 1779-80 ey 8 John Younge & Co. Pierced cruet: Mr. H. D. Ellis. 
 
 1796-7 E33 g Makers’ mark of Henry Tudor & Thos. Leader. 
 
 *From 1780 to 1853 the crown was often impressed in the same stamp with the date letter. 
 {The King’s head for this year is an oval stamp. 
 
 {1811-12, €3@@Q@D)_ The outline of the King’s head stamp has varied in the same year, being oval 
 
 in some cases and indented in others. The marks here illustrated are very small, and occur on dessert knives and 
 forks: Messrs. Crichton. 
 
ee 
 
 ’ 
 y 
 
 Marks on Sheffield Silver 
 
 ret 
 
 SUPPLEMENTARY LIST OF MARKS OF GOLDSMITHS 
 
 Impressed at Sheffield, not illustrated in the preceding tables, from 1773 to 1905. 
 
 a 
 ow 
 
 A888 
 : 
 & 
 
 bs (= 
 212 
 eqn 
 
 ~ 
 x a x pee ue 
 
 mm KA 
 — ie ie 
 CG 
 
 ba 
 
 OG 
 
 <n 
 aeage gee 
 7 cn a 
 
 Lt 
 
 MAKER'S NAME. 
 
 W. Hancock & 
 J. Rowbotham. 
 
 W. Birks & Co. 
 
 T. Law. 
 
 W\, Birks & Co. 
 
 J. Rowbotham ? 
 
 J. Littlewood. 
 
 Name not traced. 
 John Kay & Co. 
 
 - Nowill. 
 - Nowill. 
 
 Mappin. 
 
 . Marsden & Co. 
 
 . Roberts. 
 
 Rowbotham 
 Co. 
 
 . Kippax. 
 
 Mappin & Co. 
 
 . Hoyland. 
 
 Tibbitts. 
 
 Hoyland & 
 Co. 
 
 ” ny) 
 S. Warburton. 
 
 D. Holy. 
 
 Madin & Trickett 
 
 Young, Greaves 
 & Hoyland. 
 
 N. Smith & Co. 
 
 J. Dewsnap. 
 
 S. Kirkby. 
 
 DATE, 
 
 1784 
 1788 
 1789 
 
 ee: Pe Fre 
 . Bes Ga Be 
 
 rea 
 Zz 
 
 B 
 
 H 
 SK ac) 
 
 eS 
 OQ 
 
 RF 
 we 
 
 se) 
 
 MAKER'S NAME. 
 
 T. Fox & Co. 
 
 P. Spurr. 
 W. Jervis. 
 R. Sporle. 
 
 J. Bailey, 
 
 M. Fenton & Co. 
 
 ? Luke, Proctor 
 & Co. 
 
 G. Ashforth & 
 Co. 
 
 C. Proctor. 
 E. Goodwin. 
 
 J. Creswick. 
 
 Mark of Henry 
 Tudor & Co. 
 
 Goodman, Gains- 
 , ford & Co. 
 
 S. Kirkby & Co. 
 R. Jewesson. 
 T. Poynton. 
 Name not traced. 
 
 J. Staniforth. 
 
 CED W. Tucker & Co. 
 
 J. Watson. 
 
 G. Wostenholme_ 
 
 J.  Staniforth & 
 
 Co. 
 R. Gainsford. 
 J. Rogers. 
 R. Gainsford. 
 B. Rooke & Son. 
 
 W. Wrangham 
 
 iT J &NC T.J.&N. Cres- 
 
 wick. 
 
 T. & J. Settle. 
 
 DATE, 
 
 1822 
 1824 
 1825 
 1828 
 
 1829 
 
 1833 
 1836 
 
 1840 
 
 1862 
 
 1863 
 
 1864 
 
 1866 
 
 1867 
 
 1868 
 
 1869 
 
 & 
 
 MARKS, 
 PAH) 
 CHS 
 ty M] 
 FB W-& A] 
 Ed 
 BB 
 CF & A) 
 Cw Hi) 
 eB 
 iM B) 
 GD 
 rw w Hi) 
 & 
 MER CY 
 B 
 PAB] 
 
 | 
 
 MAKER'S NAME, 
 A. Hadfield. 
 C Hammond & Co 
 
 R. Gainsford. 
 G. Hardesty 
 
 J. Dixon & Son. 
 J. Mappin & Son. 
 Kitchen & Walker. 
 Lee & Middleton. 
 
 Walker, Knowles 
 & Co. 
 
 Waterhouse & Co 
 
 Badger Worrall & 
 Co. 
 
 Roberts & Slater. 
 
 Padley, Parkins & 
 Co, 
 
 J. & N. Creswick. 
 W. & H. Stratford. 
 
 Fenton & Anderton. 
 
 W. Hutton. 
 
 W. & G. Sissons. 
 
 Mappin Bros. 
 
 Elkington Mason & 
 Co. 
 
 W W. Harrison. 
 
 Walker & Hall. 
 
 Levesley Bros. 
 
 Mappin & Webb. 
 
 W.&M. Dodge. 
 
 J. Slater & Son. 
 
 Levesley Bros. 
 
 A. Beardshaw. 
 
 Name not traced. 
 
CHAPTER XII 
 Marks on Lincoln Plate 
 
 TABLE I. 
 
 FROM ABOUT 1560 TO ABOUT 1650. 
 
 (THE DATES ARE APPROXIMATE EXCEPT TO THE EXTENT THAT THE INSCRIBED DATES 
 MAY BE RELIED ON.) 
 
 DATE MARKS, 
 
 ARTICLES AND OWNERS, 
 (ABOUT). 
 
 SS 
 
 |Apostle spoon (St. Jude). The three fleur-de-lys grouped, are 
 in the bowl: the three in line, on back of stem. 
 
 Hexagonal seal-top spoon: Messrs. Crichton, 
 
 Elizabethan seal-top spoon: Mr. J. W. Usher, Lincoln. 
 
 Com. cups, dated 1569 and 1570 (maker’s mark only visible) : 
 Osbournby, and ten other parish churches in Lincolnshire, 
 
 Seal-top spoon: — 
 
 Seal-top spoon, pricked 1617: Mr. J. H. Walter, Drayton, Norfolk. 
 
 Com. cup and paten, inscribed ‘Ex Dono Petri Harison Anno 
 1624”’: St. Audoen’s, Dublin. 
 
 1628 @ WD Wj | Seal-top spoon, pricked ‘Janu. 4, 1628”: Mr. J, H. Walter. 
 
 1633 @ pT ¢ Do. do., do. 1633: Messrs. Crichton. 
 
 1639 ~=> Doz do, 
 
 1640: Mr. W. Boore. 
 
 Puritan spoon: Mr. J. H. Walter. 
 
 Struck thrice on small porringer: Mr. R. G. Westmacott. 
 
 Communion plate: Hintlesham. 
 
 152 
 
i 
 
 Marks on Lincoln Plate 
 
 TABLE II. 
 
 FROM ABOUT 1650 TO ABOUT 1706, 
 
 (THE DATES ARE APPROXIMATE EXCEPT TO THE EXTENT THAT THE INSCRIBED DATES 
 
 OHS 
 ear 
 m+ o 
 
 MAY BE RELIED ON). 
 
 ARTICLES AND OWNERS, 
 
 Communion cup: St. Margaret’s, Ipswich. 
 
 Do. do, : Noted by Mr, J. H. Walter. 
 
 Seal-top spoon: Mr. J. H, Walter. 
 Do. do. : Mr. H. D. Ellis, 
 
 * (Timothy Skottowe ?) Beaker: Mr. Wm. Minet. F.S.A, 
 
 Mug found in Norwich: submitted by Mr. J. H. Walter. 
 Puritan spoon ; S. Ken. Museum. 
 
 Beaker: Mr. A. D. George. 
 i) (?) 5 
 Tankard: The Goldsmiths & Silversmiths & Co. 
 
 Mark stamped thrice on Com. cup: Wherwell, Hants. 
 
 »» plain flat-stemmed spoon: Messrs. 
 Christie. 
 
 * Puritan spoons: Mercers’ Company, and S. Kensington 
 Museum, 
 
 Do, do. : The Author’s Collection. 
 
 Trifid spoon, dated 1686: Mr. A, W. Stone. 
 
 Trifid spoon, pricked 1699: South Kensington Museum. 
 
 Rat-tail spoon, flat stem: Goldsmiths’ Company, London. 
 
 Do. — do., pricked 1690: Mr. E. W. Colt. 
 
 Communion paterninscribed ‘‘ Given to the Holy Trinity Church, 
 Goodramgate, 1706": Holy Trinity Church, Goodramgate, 
 York. 
 
 153 
 
CHAPTER XIII 
 Marks of the Minor English Guilds | 
 
 HULL 
 ave, 2NE MINEE® GRA gers 
 1580 ia 
 oo | 18) a 
 1621 wy 
 
 Y| @ |i) @ 
 ~ |a|e 
 
 yay 
 1635 te fe 
 « |ml@ 
 
 a} | S 
 1651 \er 1B Se 
 
 Lays 
 a Y) 
 res untTEn. 
 ro0e-70 | BY | S36 
 1670-80 rT) rr Q 
 " 19s) Ie 
 21680 90 FM 
 or) op EM} oo iD 
 ooo |e] » fig 
 * 
 Pt ae EM] 9 Wa 
 1689 99 TH o 
 
 Va4r 
 ~ |B] g 
 o |S 
 
 Wy 
 1706 Ay me os 
 
 + 1670 fo Date-letter on porringer : 
 154 
 
 MAKER’S NAME, 
 
 Peter Carlille, 
 
 James Carlille, 
 
 Chr. Watson, 
 James Birkby, 
 Edwd. Mangie 
 or Mangy. 
 Name not traced, 
 i bE 
 
 Edwd. Mangie 
 or Mangy. 
 
 Edwd. Mangy, 
 
 Thos, Hebdea, . 
 
 Kath, Mangy. 
 
 Abm. Barachin, 
 
 Messrs, Gilder & Son, 
 
oe 
 
 Marks of the Minor English Guilds 155 
 EXAMPLES OF ROCHESTER MARKS. 
 
 ARTICLES AND OWNERS. 
 
 Elizabethan communion cup: Snave Church, Kent. 
 
 Mark stamped in bowl, and thrice on stem of seal-top spoon: Mr. 
 H. D. Ellis. 
 
 EXAMPLES OF LEWES MARKS 
 
 On stems of seal-top spoons: Mr. H. D. Ellis, and Mr. 
 ID) ]. H. Walter. The town mark alone is stamped once 
 in the bowl of each spoon. 
 
 : , Seal-top spoon, engraved on the seal end with the date 1637, 
 c. 1637 and the initials D. A. and D. C.: Mr. J. E. Couchman, 
 Hurst-Pierpoint. 
 
 EXAMPLES OF LEICESTER MARKS. 
 
 ARTICLES AND OWNERS. 
 DI i a a ee 
 
 Spoon, with “-Dyamond ” point at end of stem: Mr. E. W. Colt. 
 
 Maidenhead spoon: Mr. J. H. Walter. 
 
 Seal-top spoon: Mr. H.D. Ellis. The same mark, with the addition 
 of L.R. in monogram, on a seal-top spoon: Mr. Letts. 
 
 Seal-top spoon: Mr. H. D. Ellis. 
 
 Communion cups: Thurnby, Welham, and 15 other Churches in 
 Leicestershire. 
 
 Seal-top spoon, pricked 1631: Mr. H. D. Ellis. 
 
 Do. do. - Messrs. Christie. 
 
156 Marks of the Minor English Guilds 
 
 EXAMPLES OF SHREWSBURY MARKS. 
 
 (THE DATES ARE, OF COURSE, APPROXIMATE.) 
 
 ARTICLES AND OWNERS, 
 * A En I 
 
 Maidenhead spoon: Mr. H. D, Ellis. 
 
 Apostle spoon: Mr. J. H. Walter, Drayton, Norfolk. 
 
 Communion cups at Tugby and Saxton, Leicestershire. 
 
 ARTICLES AND OWNERS, 
 
 attention nett aarti ap tetas ae 
 
 Communion cup and paten cover (inscribed: “Elizabeth Wilton errs 40s. and 
 Mary Griffin gave 10s. touered this bowle for the parrish Church of 
 Middleton in Norfolke Anno Dom. 1632"): Middleton near King’s Lynn. 
 
 Communion cup (inscribed: “ The Quest of Thomas Clarke to 
 the Church of Barmar): Bagthorpe near King’s Lynn, 
 
 Communion paten: St. Nicholas Chapel, King’s Lynn. 
 
 ag cup of slender shape on baluster stem: St, Ethel- | 
 
 dreda’s, Southgate, Norwich, 
 
 ‘DATE 
 ‘(aBouT), 
 
 MARKS, ‘ARTICLES AND OWNERS, 
 
 amen Re Dee 
 
 Apostle spoons: Mr, E. W, Colt and Dunn-Gardner Collection, 
 
 @ J 
 » ry PR Do. do. : Mr. Crichton. 
 
 Do. do. : Mr. S. Phillips. 
 1660 (o 
 
 1676-82 > fp any dated 1676: Wooton Courtney, Somerset, 
 Spoon, flat stem, foliated end, pricked “ 1682": South Kensington Museam, 
 
 1689 Ts! ES S| Apostle spoon, engraved 1689: Messrs, Crichton, 
 
 Seal-top spoon: Mr. A, Trapnell. 
 
Marks of the Minor English Guilds ey 
 
 EXAMPLES OF SHERBORNE MARKS 
 
 ARTICLE SAND OWNERS. 
 
 ‘Dp: Communion cup and paten cover (dated 1574): Gillingham; ' 
 Mark of Richard Orenge { and much other church-plate in Dorset; also on an | 
 (probably). apostle spoon (St. Matthew) noted by the Author. 
 
 Marks of Richard Orenge. RO} © on a Ser of 1603: Charlton-Horethorne, 
 n e 
 
 ARTICLES AND OWNERS. 
 
 In bowls of maidenhead spoon: Messrs. Crichton, 
 Seal-top spoon ; Messrs. Crichton. 
 
 Apostle spoon (St. Paul) 
 
 Apostle spoon (St. Mathias): Mr. F. W. Kell. 
 Seal-top spoon: Sir E, Marshall Hall, K.C, 
 
 Do. do. : Holburne Museum, Bath. 
 Do. do., and seal-top spoon : Sir E. Marshall Hall, K.C. 
 
 { "be. spoon: Mr. J. H. Walter. 
 
 ARTICLES AND OWNERS. 
 Seal-top spoon (one of seven found near Salisbury), date 1596 pricked on 
 seal end. 
 
 Two seal-top spoons (part of above seven); one pricked 1596 and £H, the 
 other 1621 and IE. 
 
 Seal-top spoon (one of above seven) ; has 1621 and ne pricked on seal end. 
 Do. do. do. do. ; has 1621 and ns pricked thereon. 
 
 Silver-gilt Vishnu-topped spoon ; pricked ‘*S,W.L.P. 1627” : Messrs. Christie. 
 
 Seal-top spoon (one of above seven) : has 1629 and. A - pricked on seal end. 
 
 do, do. ; has * AS 1629’” pricked on seal end. 
 
158 
 
 SEALS OF THE BOROUGH OF BARNSTAPLE 
 
 BARNSTAPLE MARKS. 
 
 MAKER’S NAME, ARTICLES AND OWNERS, 
 
 a 
 
 1568-1601 John Coton, Chalice: Abbotsham, 
 
 Thos. Mathew. 
 
 Communion cup, dated 1 576: St. Genny’s, 
 Bude. 
 
 Lion-sejant spoon: Messrs. Christie. 
 
 Com. cup : Stoke-Rivers, near Barnstaple. 
 
 1578 fi) J. Coton, 
 
 Mathew, 
 
 as | J. Coton. 
 
 Seal-top spoons: Mr. W. Boore, 
 
 | ‘Communion cup: Tresmere. 
 Spoon with cherub’s head: Mr. J. H. Walter. 
 
 Communion cup: Morwenstow, Bude. 
 
 John Peard Tankard: 
 
 Spoon with flat stem: From the Temple- 
 Frere Collection. 
 
 { Porringer of about 1680 but pricked 1703: 
 
 Noted by the Author, _ 
 Com. paten and flagon : St. Ewe,Cornwall. 
 
 Trifid spoon, pricked 1687: Noted by the 
 Author, 
 
 Trifid spoon, pricked 1695: Noted by the 
 h 
 
 Author, 
 
Marks of the Minor English Guilds 159 
 
 EXAMPLES OF PLYMOUTH MARKS. 
 
 MARKS. ARTICLES AND OWNERS. 
 
 re era 
 
 In bowls of two spoons with Vishnu,knops: Noted by the Author, 
 Apostle spoon: Dr. Wilfred Harris. 
 
 Spoon, flat stem, trifid end: Messrs. Crichton. 
 
 Spoon, flat stem, foliated end, embossed ornamentation, dated 1699: 
 Mr. J. H. Walter. 
 
 iD Spirally fluted mug, riband handle: Mr. J. H. Walter. 
 
 Flat stem spoon, with trifid end, pricked 1694: Messrs. Page, Keen, 
 and Page, Plymouth. 
 
 The ‘“Eddystone Lighthouse” salt belonging to Miss Rous, of 
 Cwrt-yr-Ala, Glam. 
 
 Flat-top tankard: Mr. Crichton. 
 
 ARTICLES AND OWNERS. 
 
 Straining spoon: Temple Church, Bristol. 
 ” Milk-jug : Mr. Crichton. 
 
 L : Reeded-edged gravy spoon, with oval (not pointed) 
 c. 1780-90 ae 3 ALE bow! and pointed oval end to stem: Noted by 
 
 the Author. 
 
 ARTICLE AND OWNER. 
 
 a a 
 
 Marks of R. Hutchinson, on punch ladle engraved 
 T OM 
 
 HA IM: Mr. Fredk. Bradbury 
 1723 17 
 23 
 
160 Marks of the Minor English Guilds 
 
 EXAMPLES OF TRURO MARKS, 
 
 DATE ARTICLES AND OWNERS. 
 (ABouT). 
 
 are In bowl of apostle spoon: The Author’s Collection, 
 
 f Massive seal-top spoon : Do. do. 
 Ry <a fd iT! \ Also on many spoons in other collections. 
 7 Ty ® Seal-top spoons: Mr. H. D. Ellis and others, 
 
 Gao ) Baluster-topped spoon: Messrs. Crichton. 
 
 Coo TR in monogram in bowl, the other marks on stem of spoon 
 with lion-sejant terminal; Mr. H. D. Ellis. 
 
 | An anchor (one of the Saltash bearings or devices) in bowl, the 
 "” & pig mark on stem, of spoon with baluster and seal top: 
 
 Mr. H. D. Ellis. 
 
 y R) 1) fs3 EJ | Scal-top spoon: The Author's Collection, 
 
 Spoon: Mr. Du Cane, 
 
 EXAMPLE OF DORCHESTER MARKS. 
 
 Mark of Lawrence Stratford, 1574): West Purley; and (dated 1575): 
 
 Bothenhampton ; and communion plate 
 in many other Dorset churches. 
 
 of Dorchester. x ‘ yy x 
 
 . EXAMPLES OF DEVON AND CORNWALL LOCAL MAKERS’ 
 MARKS. 
 
 penne ARTICLES AND OWNERS, 
 (ABOUT), 
 
 1576-80 Communion cups at St. Levan, Sancreed, Morvah, St. Ives, St. Hilary, 
 SS Wendron, and St. Anthony, West Cornwall, 
 
 Mark resembles a bunch of grapes. Communion cup: St. Columb 
 Minor, Cornwall. 
 
 1580 Chalice of Exeter pattern: Wembworthy, Devon. 
 
 ? ¢. 1600 | Patens: St, Anthony-in-Meneage, and several other parishes in West 
 Cornwall. 
 
 Bates ok cup and paten cover (dated | 
 
Marks of the Minor English Guilds 161 
 
 DEVON AND CORNWALL LOCAL MAKERS’ MARKS (continued). 
 
 ~ DATE. 
 
 (aout). MARKS, ARTICLES AND OWNERS. 
 
 c. 1600-30 
 
 Stamped twice on communion cup: St. Erth, Cornwall. 
 
 Communion cup and paten: St. Eval, Cornwall. 
 
 Paten: St. Hilary, Cornwall. The larger mark is on 
 the flat part of paten, and the smaller mark on foot. 
 
 Paten: Kenwyn, Cornwall. 
 
 Spirally-fluted porringer : Gerrans, Cornwall. 
 
 Embossed spoon, flat stem, trifid end: Mr. J. H. Walter. 
 Com. cup and paten: North Hill Church, Cornwall. 
 
 Do. do. do. cover: Treaeglos, Cornwall. 
 
 Wee do. : Liskeard, Cornwall. 
 Apostle spoon: Mr, J. H. Walter. 
 
 Com. cup and paten, dated 1641: St. Ives, Cornwall. 
 
 Do. do. do. do. cover: St. Wenn. 
 Do. do. : St. Erwun, Cornwall. 
 
 1675 Paten (inscribed; ‘‘ Mr. Abraham Heiman of this towne 
 gave this plate to the Church in the year ’75”’): 
 Bideford. 
 
 Walter. 
 
 1680-5 RA | ws s Spoon, flat stem, trifid end, pricked 1684: Mr. J. H. 
 
 ID conjoined, stamped thrice on paten: West Putford, 
 Devon. 
 
 Communion cup and paten, dated 1695; also on flagon, 
 dated 1712: Paul Church, Cornwall. 
 
 Struck thrice on beaker: St. Ervan, Cornwall 
 
 j 
 | The R H stamped thrice, the B once, on com. plate with engraved 
 1700 ; date 1701: Mevagissey, Cornwall. Probably mark of Richard 
 Holin of Truro, who registered his mark at Exeter in 1704, The 
 B may indicate Britannia standard. 
 | RP. 
 t | 
 
 Probably mark of Richard Plint of Truro. Com. paten (dated 1719) 
 St. Enoder Alsocom.cup and paten (dated 1728) . St. Clement, 
 Truro. 
 
 1715 
 
162 Marks of the Minor English Gutlds 
 
 EXAMPLE OF GATESHEAD MARKS. 
 
 On a tankard and a mug inscribed ‘‘ Ex dono XXX.” : 
 
 Sir Robert Mowbray, Bart. 
 
 EXAMPLES OF CARLISLE MARKS, 
 
 (THE DATES ARE APPROXIMATE. ) 
 
 ARTICLES AND OWNERS. 
 
 ED) ® Communion cups: Bolton, Ireby and Lazonby, Cumb., and Cliburn, 
 and‘ Long Marton, Westmor. 
 
 Seal-top spoon: Mr. H. D. Ellis. 
 
 Spoon, slipped in the stalk: Mr. W. Boore. 
 
 Do. flat stem, folfated end: The Goldsmiths’ Company, London. 
 
 EXAMPLES OF LEEDS MARKS. 
 
 ARTICLES AND OWNERS, 
 
 eee 
 
 Communion cup: Almondbury, Yorks, and other Yorkshire plate. 
 
 Paten, dated 1702 : Harewood, Yorks; and other Yorkshire plate. 
 
 The TS in monogram mark stamped thrice on communion cup: 
 Darrington, Yorks, 
 Maker perhaps R. Williamson of York. Maker’s mark struck once, 
 
 the fleece twice, on flat-topped tankard: Judge A. Clearwater, 
 New York, 
 
 Trifid spoon: Mr, J. H. Walter. 
 
 Do. do, made by Arthur Mangey (see above): Mr. J. H. 
 ‘Walter. | 
 
 Beaker: Mr. D. ‘T. Davis, 
 
Marks of the Minor English Guilds 163 
 
 THE CHANNEL ISLANDS, CALCUTTA AND JAMAICA. 
 
 The preceding pages contain all the known place marks used 
 in Great Britain except those employed in the Channel Islands. 
 In Guernsey, 1690-1730 a silversmith stamped his wares with GH 
 surmounted by what resembles an eye, fringed above, a harp 
 lying on its side, and the letter R (old English) in a shield. The 
 other marks, they are very few, are initials only, and do not, in 
 _ the absence of especial knowledge, enable one definitely to assign 
 them. An exception is the mark of T.DG over the letters J. LG, 
 which we know was a mark used on the Isle of Jersey circa 1830. 
 
 The British firms of ,Pillar & Co. and Hamilton & Co. made 
 silver in Calcutta in the first two decades of the last century. 
 The former’s mark was a date letter A similar to that for London, 
 1796-7, a lion passant, and the letter P over & Co. Hamilton 
 & Co. identified their products with an elephant in an oval 
 shield, a covered ewer with handles, the Jetters “H & Co.” ina 
 square block, and the letter A in a pyramid. This description 
 will enable the reader to dispense with illustrations. 
 
 One piece of silver is known to have come from Jamaica, W. I. 
 It is marked with a leopard’s head crowned, in a plain shield, 
 concave at top, J. EWAN in a rectangle, and a lion passant in 
 a shield straight at the top and rounded at the sides and base. 
 
CHAPTER XIV 
 Unascribed British Marks 
 
 The place and time of origin of the examples upon which the following 
 marks have been found cannot be determined accurately. 
 
 DATE 
 (aBour). 
 
 DATE 
 (ABOUT). 
 
 (ABOUT). 
 
 I 
 1570-7 © ie 
 ” 7° 
 
 = 
 CS 
 uw 
 @ 3 Bi ve GY] F 
 
 “: ” 
 1570-80 @ @ » : ay 
 @ 
 9” 
 
 1576 IW 
 
 » |QOUOG 
 
 ve Bg PTV ICK 
 
 29 
 "Fin @He@ eee 
 
165 
 
 Unascribed British Marks 
 
 MARKS, 
 
 = [Pp 
 2@2en 2 8B OG ana sone BeBe eo 
 
 0) x 
 00 G@uepEeDE oO Bnee@e@n2o 
 
 a: 
 & 
 
 1630-5 . 
 
 —_——~ —- - ee rr ee ee 
 EE SS —— 
 
 N 
 o) 
 — 
 
Unascribed British Marks 
 
 166 
 
 ‘8B deakep . 
 
 2250p 
 FeBApes 
 
 = ° 
 & 5 rs : : 2 2 Fy = 3 : rd é . e 
 
 |OSCnescodbDRse wiacpialcs isle lth ad ots 
 
167 
 
 Unascribed British Marks 
 
 gene 
 
 @ Seow ety e 2 D@® Dor oe 
 
 ben 
 oF 
 
 ae Pars 
 re. 
 8@ 690 
 
 MB GB ROB OB 
 
 @ 8 @®v 
 
 FEAiabD DE DB 
 
 B 
 © 
 
 aenHe 
 
 w 
 D + 
 = ic2) 
 lo 2) 
 = + a) 
 - 
 
168 Unascribed British Marks 
 
 poaint MARKS, 
 Gay 
 1730 FAT 
 + 
 ” G B C 
 
 | 8 
 mos] Oy 
 
 1730-40 
 
 | BOR 
 
 4 we 8 Y 
 ' 
 
 -| O29 
 a. 
 OOo 
 
 1740 
 
 el] 
 1750 hi & 
 
 c. 1760 (aye [A -T| 
 
et ae 
 
 CHAPTER XV 
 
 Marks on Edinburgh Plate 
 
 é& < +*ETERE were no-marks struck on Scotch silver before 
 oe T 4 1457. In that year a statute was enacted which required 
 je fe % the maker and the deacon of the guild to afhx their 
 marks to each piece before it was offered for sale. The records, of 
 Edinburgh at least, have been so well preserved that it is possible 
 to place each piece of silver made subsequent to that year within 
 a period limited by the working life of the silversmith or the 
 incumbency of the deacon. In 1681, the Edinburgh Goldsmiths’ 
 Incorporation adopted a variable annual date letter, abolished 
 the office of deacon and substituted an assay master whose mark 
 fixed his responsibility for each piece struck. In 17 59, the use of 
 the thistle as an assay master’s mark took the place of the ini- 
 tials which the assay master had used up to that time. 
 
 The “Britannia Standard” act of William and Mary was not 
 applied to Scotland and the practice of making silver of the higher 
 standard never prevailed in the northern province. : 
 
 In 1836 a British statute designated the thistle as the sterling 
 mark and the castle as the guild mark for Edinburgh. 
 
Marks on Edinburgh Plate 
 
 The date in parentheses indicates the year of the workman’s admission to 
 
 170 
 the guild. 
 TABLE I. 
 DATE, MAKER’S NAME, 
 
 1552-62 | Alex. Auchinleck 
 
 1563-4 | Henry Thompsone 
 (1561) 
 c. 1570 | (Mark indistinct.) 
 1576 | Adam Craige 
 1585-6 | John Mosman 
 (1575) 
 1590-1 | Adam _ Allane, jr. 
 (1589) 
 1591-2 | James Craufuird 
 1591-4 | David Gilbert 
 (1590) 
 Mh James Craufuird 
 on (159r) 
 ee Hugh Lindsay 
 (1587) 
 1609-10 | Gilbert Kirkwood 
 (1609) 
 1611-3 | Robert Denneistoun 
 (1597) 
 ” | George Craufuird, jr. 
 (1606) 
 1617-9 | Do. do. 
 | 
 3 ee fohin Lindsay 
 (1605) 
 » | George Robertsone 
 (1616) 
 » : Thos. Thompson 
 (1617) 
 c. 1617 | Hew. Anderson 
 
 1613-21 | Gilbert Kirkwood 
 
 '(1609) 
 1616-35 | George Robertsone 
 (1616) 
 1633 | Adame Lamb (1619) 
 » | Thos. Kirkwood 
 ; (1631) 
 1633 (?)| (Mark indistinct.) 
 
 & 282354 8 
 
 TOWN 
 
 MAKERS WARK 
 
 s 
 
 O58 5cOSeGR G3 & E 
 
 CASTLE 
 
 (=a 
 
 : ©9886 beacgbag aa i 
 
 Sia 
 i 
 
 os 
 
 DE ACONS 
 
 et 
 ey 
 
 Sat oles anon, 
 MARK. CASTLE. 
 
 3 
 
 Nic 
 
 TABLE II. 
 DATE, MAKER’S NAME. 
 1637-9 lonloae Scott a eee 
 1640-2 | thos. Clyghorne 
 | (1606 
 1642 | Patrick Borthwick 
 (1642) 
 1643 | Jon Scott (1621) 
 » | Nicoll Trotter 
 . (1635) 
 1644-6 | George Cleghorne 
 (1641) 
 a Andro Denneistoun 
 (1636) 
 we Thos, Clyghorne 
 (1606) 
 1644 John .Myln or 
 Jas. |McAulay 
 1649 | Andro Burrell (1642) 
 1648-57 | Peter Neilsone 
 (1647) 
 1650 | Thos. Scott (1649) 
 1651-9 | Robert Gibsoune 
 (1627) 
 1657 | John Wardlaw 
 (1642) 
 1660 | Edwd, Cleghorne 
 (1649) 
 1665-7 | Wm. Law (1662) 
 
 ” Andrew Law (c. 1665) 
 
 1665 | Alexr. Reid 
 
 1669-75 Alexr. Scott (1649) 
 
 James Cockburne 
 (1669) 
 
 (1649) 
 
 1674 
 
 1663-81 | Alexr. Scott’ 
 
 1675-7 George Rolland 
 l (1675) 
 
 1677 | Alexr, Reid (3rd) 
 (1677) 
 
 @@6HaQBkB@OESR aE 
 
 oe 
 
 cone 
 
 OFACONT 
 MARK 
 
 -@B: @: 
 
 Fe 8 
 
Marks on Edinburgh Plate 171 
 TABLE III. TABLE. IV. 
 
 MAKER'S wank. ASSAY DATE 
 
 ny TOWN agsay DATE 
 MAKER’S NAME, WARK. caotig, MASTER'S LETTER. | DATE, _ MAKER'S NAME, Maank. WARK MASTERS cErtem | DATE. 
 
 Thos. Cleghorne ” ” 
 in| 
 James Sympson $) 99 ” 
 
 1703-4 Patrick Graeme (1725) 1728-9 
 
 ‘CASTLE, WA 
 Adm. 
 ick 1705- 
 Aer Reid (1660)| OAS Pac | font bia tt 7) % ES @ A 1705-6 
 Edwd. Cleghorne 1681-2 James Tait (1704) 
 . (1649)| Walter Scott (1701) ws 1706-7 
 Andrew Law (c. 1665) i dd $3 1b | 1682-3 Wm. Ged (1706) WG) EP} C] 1707-8 
 Wm. Law (1662) BX af John Penman, jr. tH) 
 9? ge I 3-4 2 (1703) 
 Thos. Yorstoun hari: Heathane GD 'D) 1708-9 
 (1673) : 
 : 1684- (1704) 
 John Lawe =i A 4°5 _| John Seatoune TS! E 1709-10 
 (1661) (1688)| 
 James is ates) 9 oy Q 1685-6 James Mitchellsone 1M] F 1710-1 
 (1706) 
 
 Bey do. Ress <a Q 1686-7 | | Patrick Turnbull (1689)| G&D ovat 
 James Cockburne G "9 ” ig) 1687-8 Robert Ker (6705) RK) 1H] 1712-3 
 | (1669) 
 
 , Rob i 6 ¥719"¢ 
 George Scott (1677) & ” ” hf 1688-9 es Sree Ry 1) eng: 
 nS Mungo Yorstoun (1702) 9 ' K) S734°5 
 Wm. Scott (1686)| & ” ” a 1689-90 ra i | 
 James Cockburne RY ts eas e694) ae B eS 
 | (1669) « 8 mice Harry Beathune (1704) et IMM! 1716-7 
 Rob B ; we 9 16g1-2 John Seatoun (1685) TS} 
 Oe e, PIULE RB: Chas. Dickson (as 1721) NIN) 1717-8 
 : (1687) Chas. Blair (1707) CB) 
 Robert Inglis ae rs @ 1692-3 zu 
 (1686) ae . Wm. Ure (1715) WU) EP| IN] 
 James Sages i$ , ” 1693-4 fines eafivehclionie prot) TM) ip © 1718-9 
 Geo. Yorstoune (GY) ” ‘ 10} BOg4-5 po to ee ss eretoun 70) . 'P}R 1719-20 
 (1684) ae aah Alexr, Sympsone (1710) AS) 
 Alexr. Forbes ” #2 30 1€95-6 Ingli Py ” 
 glis (1720) xd 
 (1692) 
 ? 606- 4: : 1720-1 
 ae Dt ean & 2 @ Gi 9°71) | David Mitchell (1700) @} S| 
 : 1721-2 
 (Not identified). WwW 1) ” rT 1697-8 Chas. Dickson (1719) o RR 
 James Clarke (1710) S| 1722-3 
 Thos. Ker (1694) TK! ote ai % 1698-9 Colin Campbell (1714) @ 
 R 22g fas Ken’th McKenzie (714) | oly 1723-4 
 Alexr. Kincaid @ ” ” fg 1700 Chas. Blair = (1707) cB) woes 
 (1692) n Alexr. aarp an LAE] ee 
 : ; : ” ” 1700-1 1721) 
 Colin Bee 765) 7 Peed atine (1715) iV) 1725-6 
 Geo. Scott, jr. 9 ” 0 4701-2 4 ia | 1726-7 
 '(1697) ANNE. James Taitt (1704) W, ies of 
 , 7 1702- 
 URES angen “i ‘ v ate Harry Beathune (1704) 1727-8 
 y) 
 
 1704-5 Wm. Aytoun (1718) 
 
 o 
 HE) 
 PG) 
 a 
 LW 1] 
 
 \ 1729-30 
 
 (1687) 
 Patrick Murray @ Wm. Jameson (1729) 
 (1701) 
 James Cockburne ~ | U B bs 1682-3 Bodbwick. Colin Campbell (CC) 'G} r7ixa, Edward 
 : er Fes W ra 1717-8 » 
 7 James Penman, 19] 1687-8 rm PEP] NN] fis 
 as 1685 James Ker 1723-4 ny 
 
 : James } 
 Colin McKenzie, 1697-8 Henman. Thos, Mitchell 24: 
 as 1700-1 lg ye blag @ 3724508 
 
172 
 
 TABLE V. 
 
 MAKER’S NAME, 
 
 . Adm. 
 James Anderson (1729) 
 
 Hugh Gordon (1727) 
 George Forbes (1731) 
 John Main (1729) 
 Edw’rd Lothian (1731) 
 
 Jobn. Rollo (1731) 
 {afterwards Lord Rollo): 
 
 Hugh Penman (1734) 
 
 Alexander Farquharson (1734) 
 
 James Ker (723) 
 Dougal Ged (1734) 
 James Ker (1723) 
 
 ” (r 737) , 
 
 99 
 Ebenr. Oliphant (1737) 
 Law’ce Oliphant (1737) 
 William Aytoun (1718) 
 Robert Gordon (1741) 
 
 Edwd. Lothian (173 1) 
 
 Chas. Dickson (1 738) 
 
 Ebenr, Oliphant (1737) 
 
 | John _ Kincard (1726) 
 (Not identified.) 
 
 William Gilchrist (1736) 
 
 | Edward Lothian (1732) 
 
 Robert Lowe (1742) LLOW} 
 Ebenr. Oliphant (1737) | 
 
 James McKenzie (1747) 
 
 John ~° Edmonston (1753) 
 
 Georgg Forbes 
 
 Robt. Hope 
 
 Wm.  Aytoun 
 
 et 
 
 @ BIBS RERSBES 
 
 6886 8 @ass 
 
 James Weems (1738) 
 : 
 
 Wm. Davie (1740) WD) 
 
 TOWN A 
 Ad MARK. WA 
 M CASTLE. 
 
 Of © @ 
 
 $' 
 MARK. 
 
 ve 
 
 SAY 
 STER'S 
 
 Marks on Edinburgh Plate | 
 TABLE VI. 
 
 ubtiee| pare, 
 
 1730-1 
 B | va 
 @ 1732-3 
 1733-4 
 1734-5 
 1735-6 
 1736-7 
 | 1737-8 
 1738-9 
 £739-40 
 GB | ero 
 GQ | 1741-2 
 Buns 
 © | «743-4 
 Q | 2744-5 
 | 1745-6 
 RI 1746-7 
 8 1747-8 
 1748-9 
 1749-50 
 1750-1 
 1751-2 
 1752:3 
 ea 
 BB | 1754-5 
 
 1737-8 
 1743-4 
 
 -5 | Hugh 
 *744°5 l \Gendan: 
 
 MAKER’S NAME, 
 
 Ker & Dempster. 
 Adm. 
 Rbt. Gordon (1741) 
 
 Wm. Taylor (8753) 
 
 .| John Clark (1751). 
 
 Lothian & Robertson, 
 
 James Welsh (1746) 
 James Gilsland (1748) 
 Alexr, Aitchison (1746) 
 Jas. Somervail (1754) 
 
 John Robertson § (1758) | 
 
 Wm. Dempster (1742) 
 
 John Welsh (1742) | 
 
 John Taylor (1760) 
 
 James Hill (1746) 
 ‘Milne & Campbell ? 
 Rbt. Clark (1763) 
 
 Wm. Drummond (1760) 
 John Stirling? — (1757) 
 
 Benjn. Tait (1763) 
 Gillsland & Ker. 
 a 
 
 | Patk. Robertson = (1751) : 
 
 Danial Ren (1764) 
 
 (not identified.) 
 James Gilsland (1748) 
 
 Wm, & Jno. Taylor. 
 
 | Wm. Davie (1740) 
 
 ” ” 
 
 Alexr, Gairdner (1754) 
 James Welsh (1746) 
 
 Wm. Davie (1740) 
 James Dempster (1775) 
 Patk. Robertson (1751) 
 
 James Hewitt (1750) 
 
 ‘maxes TOWN 
 MARK. caste. 
 
 ion a 
 
 =. 
 
 { Wm. Ker, TKER) 
 Wm, Taylor? Pwr) } 
 ton ras 
 
 ~ 
 
 9” 
 
 a9 
 
 o? 
 
 8S 6 @ 
 
 ASSAY 
 
 “Rane. 
 
 Lad 
 THISTLE 
 
 a» 
 
 9 
 
 3) 
 
 2 
 
 1759-60 
 1761-2 
 1767-8 
 1771-2 
 
 LETTER 
 
 =~ 
 
 IGSOSeo0eq 
 
 c aa 
 Ss Gs 
 
 SBeeaoaerse 
 
 (ye 
 \GD 
 
 G3 & 
 
Robt. Bowman 
 
 Alex. Edmonston 
 
 David Marshall 
 
 James Dempster ” 
 Thos. Duffus (1780)) 4UD OY 
 Alex. Gairdner (1754) fe 
 James Douglas (1785) ve 
 
 W. & P. Cunningham. 
 
 W. & P, Cunningham. 
 
 Geo, Christie (1791) GC] pei ay 
 Alex, Zeigler (1782) a 
 Peter Mathie (1774) feu tt 
 Wm. Robertson (1789) add 
 Alex. Henderson (1792) pee + 
 ee 
 
 _|Thos. Duffus (1780) Apu 
 | Alex. Graham & Co. ? |AG&C’) 
 
 W. & P, Cunningham. 
 |John Zeigler (1798) ‘le 
 _|Fras. Howden (1781) go 9) 
 
 Matt. Craw. 
 
 Wm. Auld 
 
 (Not identified). 
 
 (788)/( « " 
 
 ' Simon Cunningham (1800) 
 
 F 
 j 
 1 
 
 Marks on Edinburgh Plate 
 
 TABLE VII. 
 MAKER’S NAME. MAKER'S an 
 W. & P, Cunningham. itt 
 David Downie ree > ‘9 
 Fras. Howden (1781) ‘" vy 
 
 DATE 
 THISTLE LETTER. 
 
 BB BN) ss01 
 
 DATE. | 
 
 1B) 1781-2 
 
 1782-3 | 
 
 'D 1733-4 
 1784-5 
 1785-6 
 |'1786-7-8 
 1788-9 
 TJ) '1789-90 
 LG | x700-0 
 B02 
 | 27023 
 IN} “1793-4 
 ‘0! 1794-5 
 P| 1795-6 
 ‘Q) 1796-7 
 Ri] 1997-8 
 
 1798-9 
 
 1799 
 I¢oo 
 
 1800-1 
 1801-2 
 1802-3 
 1803-4 
 
 1804-5 
 
 GQdqadadaa 
 
 1805-6 
 
 MAKER'S NAME. 
 
 | 
 
 TABLE VIII. 
 
 MAKER'S 
 WARK. 
 
 R. Green or R. Grierson. [RG] 
 Cunningham & 
 Simpson. ES 
 (Not identified). |'DsM| 
 Do. do. * UH) 
 George Fenwick, GF 
 John McDonald. a 
 Robt. Gray & Son 
 fo datas as 
 Math, Craw. MC} 
 Alexr. Henderson. | —¥Q 
 Ne McKay. : 
 Frs. Howden. 
 R. K. (a Perth maker). 
 Wm. Zeigler. 
 Js. & Wm. Marshall. | eam 
 Chas. Dalgleish. 
 J. McKay. 
 Do. do. 
 Redpath & Arnot. ER a) 
 J’n’th’n Millidge ? 
 Frs, Howden. FH 
 Do. do. 9 
 Redpath & Arnot. 
 Alexr. Zeigler, 
 Marshall & Sons, 
 J. McKenzie? : 
 J. McKay. 
 Leon’d Urquhart. 
 (Not identified). | TY 
 j. McKay. 
 Do. do. ay 
 Peter Sutherland. 
 Cunningham & 
 Simpson 
 (Not identified). 
 
 aings TOWN eave 
 MARK. 
 * CASTLE THISTLE, LETTER 
 
 oe 
 
 LD 
 
 Jd 
 
 99 
 
 NAGsggconuessvdgseserr ooagaqas 
 
 DATE, 
 
 1806-7 
 1807-8 
 1808-9 
 1809-1 
 1810-1 
 ‘1811-2 
 1812-3 | 
 1813-4 
 1814-5 
 1815-6 
 1816-7 
 1817-8 
 1818-9 
 1819-20 
 1820-1 
 1821-2 
 1822-3 
 1823-4 
 1824-5 
 1825-6 
 1826-7 
 1827-8 | 
 1828-9 
 1829-3¢ 
 
 WM. IV. 
 1830-1 
 
 1831-2 
 
 1808-9 
 
 IS2I-2 
 
174 
 
 Marks on Edinburgh Plate 
 
 TABLE IX. 
 
 MAKER'S NAME, MAR 
 
 Marshall & Sons. 
 
 Jas. Nasmyth, 
 
 (Not identified). 
 
 Elder & Co, E&C? 
 R. & R. Keay, of Perth. 
 J. McKay. IM. 
 A.D, (see the Arbroath 
 Marks). 
 Jas. Howden & Co. 
 { 
 Jas. Nasmyth & Co, 
 Geo. Jameson, of Aber- 
 deen. 
 Marshall & Sons. M&S 
 McKay. 
 
 D G as Canongate 
 Cc. 1836 (page 514). 
 
 Marshall & Sons, 
 J. Hay. on 
 Mackay & Chisholm. | 288 
 Do, do, ” 
 Chas, Robb. IC RI 
 J. Hay. | JH} 
 (Not identified), 
 
 MAKER'S KING'S TOWN 
 + HEAD. CASTLE. THISTLE. LETTER 
 
 1B © 
 
 90 ee eo 
 oe 9” oe 
 o? oe 9 
 a] $e + 
 99 ry 9 
 oe rr) 9 
 Lad 99 or 
 fens 
 
 EAD. 
 
 o9 9 9 
 a9 9 ve 
 ve ” 9 
 oe v9 9 
 or ” ” 
 ve Bd ee 
 99 iB 9 
 %» 
 
 oy es 
 o 99 9 
 i es * 
 M4 oF Tr) 
 oe ° 9 
 09 ” ve 
 09 e* ee 
 e hdd * 
 
 DATE 
 
 HSoSseOsaGoseseeSsesneeoegu eaf 
 
 1836-7 
 VICTORIA, 
 1837-8 
 1838-9 
 1839-40 
 1840-1 
 1841-2 
 1842-3 
 
 S 
 1843-4 
 1844-5. 
 1845-6 
 1846-7 
 1847-8 
 
 1848-9 
 
 1849-50 
 
 1850-1 
 1851-2 - 
 1852-3 
 1853-4 
 1854-5 
 1855-6 
 
 1856-7 
 
 MAKER'S NAME, 
 
 J. & W. Marshall. 
 
 Jonthn, Millidge? 
 
 (Not identified). 
 
 Alex. Hay. 
 
 Fs Asherheim, 
 
 R. L. Christie. 
 
 J. E. Vernon. 
 
 Wm. Crouch, 
 
 D. Blackley. 
 
 W. J. McDonald. 
 
 Wm. = Marshall. 
 
 Elder & Co, 
 
 ds Smith or Scott. 
 
 D. & J. Sanderson, 
 
 Cockburn & McDonald. 
 
 Geo. Edwards & Son, 
 3 1 fs Hamilton & Son. 
 
 George Laing. 
 Walter Neil. 
 Wm. Carstairs, 
 
 Carlisle & Watt. 
 W. Fraser. 
 Jas. Aitchison, 
 . Johnston. 
 Jas. Hamilton, 
 John = Crichton. 
 
 M. Crichton, 
 Robb & Whitte¢ 
 C. or J. Gray, 
 
 Mackay & Chisholm. 
 
 J. Crichton, 
 
 ‘Hamilton & Inches. 
 
 sae eee ooo 
 
 @ BE 
 to oe 
 
 i 
 
 lanl 
 
 i 
 o 
 2 
 = 
 cd 
 
 AH oo. # 
 
 9° 29 
 
 WwJM'D 09 $9 
 a 
 CT en 
 ee «=o 
 CE Ty 
 &S oF 
 “ Ad Ad 
 Tieeer 
 .» 
 Ly} 
 os. 
 rn 
 cm CY 
 re 
 re 
 * 
 iT) 
 mC) 
 aay oe 
 HN ,, 
 Sais 9 OT 
 Ce + yy 
 H&1 nT) 
 1 =o 
 
 iP 
 
 TOWN 
 QUEENS warn, 
 mK UEk. CASTLE. 
 
 emerus: a 
 eA) 
 » §& 
 
 02909866000 00008 0008 80898 
 
 99 
 
 ‘DATE. 
 
 1857-8 
 1858-9 
 1859-6¢ 
 1860-1 
 1861-2 
 1862-3 
 1863-4 
 1864-5 
 1865-6 
 1866-7 
 1867-8 
 1868-9 
 
 1869-70 
 ve 
 1870-1 
 
 1871-8 
 1872-3 
 1873-4 
 1874-5 , 
 1875-6 
 1876-7 
 1877-8 
 1878-9 
 1879-80 
 1880-r | 
 
 1881-2 
 
 1871-2 
 
Marks on Edinburgh Plate 
 
 MAKER'S NAME. 
 
 Wm. Knaggs. 
 
 Hamilton & Inches. 
 
 Mackay & Chisholm, 
 Jas. Duncan. 
 Milne of Aberdeen. 
 
 |W. Crouch & Sons. 
 
 Hamilton & Inches. 
 J. Crichton & Co. 
 Jas. Duncan. 
 
 Brook & Son. 
 
 J. Crichtoa, & Co. 
 
 Lewis Cohen. 
 Latimer & Sons, 
 Jas. Duncan. 
 D. Crichton. 
 
 J. Crichton & Co. 
 McDonald &. Horne. 
 J.Hardy &Co, 
 
 W. Crouch & Sons. 
 
 W. & J. Milne. 
 Hamilton & Inches. 
 
 Thos. Johnston. 
 Young & Tatton. 
 Jas. ‘Robertson, 
 
 Brook & Son, 
 
 wy 
 
 BE oe 
 a wW 
 
 Loe 
 
 68 GaBE 
 
 — 
 iad 
 © 
 Z 
 yn 
 
 Wad 
 
 ge 
 
 G OBHER GAG BF 
 
 © 
 
 TABLE XI. 
 
 Ww 
 
 TOWN 
 KER® Queen's 
 ARK. HEAD. CASTLE 
 
 Bat 
 | 
 Fe 
 
 9», 
 
 9 
 
 DATE .. 
 THISTLE. LETTER | 
 
 99 
 
 99 
 
 0GDO OG 60000 © COeG2SSoSGooOonoeasco 
 
 DATE. 
 
 1882-3 
 1883-4 
 1884-5 
 1885-6 
 1886-7 
 1887-8 
 1888-9 
 1889-90 
 1890-1 
 18gI-2 
 | 1892-3 
 1893-4 
 
 >) 
 1894-5 
 
 1896-7 
 1897-3 
 
 1898-9 
 
 1899 
 1900 
 
 1900-1 
 IQOI-2 
 
 1902-3 
 
 1903-4 
 1904-5 
 1905-6 
 
 1906-7 
 
 1895-6 ~ 
 
 EDW. VII. 
 
 175 
 
ad 
 
 Marks on Edinburgh Plate 
 
 TABLE XII. 
 
 egtee DA 
 MAKER'S NAME. castie, THISTLE. Lettin 
 
 = 
 : 
 rs 
 fe 
 ; 
 4 
 * 
 ‘ 
 “ 
 
Marks on Edinburgh Plate 177 
 
 CANONGATE GOLDSMITHS’ MARKS. 
 
 FROM ABOUT I680 TO ABOUT 1836. 
 
 (The dates are approximate, except to the extent that the inscribed dates may be relied on.) 
 
 , 
 
 DATE © MARKS. MAKER’S NAME. ARTICLES AND OWNERS. 
 
 (aBourT). 
 
 —_— 
 
 1680 GC} 8 fee) |... =.) | Spoon: Edinburgh Museum of Antiquities. 
 = (GC! ¢ . ; fo) |... Po ... | Spoon, with flat stem, dated 1689: Edinburgh 
 
 Museum of Antiquities. 
 
 a Mz] ei Mz) ue te ... | Two com. cups, carried off 168g, recovered 
 / 1697: Flisk. 
 
 1696 7” i? ... | Two com. cups, dated 1696: Bolton, Had- 
 dington. 
 
 Wine taster: Messrs. Crichton. 
 
 9 ie sate tee > | Do do. do. 
 
 1760 CM] es ds ... | Table-spoon,+t ‘ double drop ” back of bowl: 
 Glasgow Exhibition, of 1901. 
 1763 ” ee abs ... | Two com. cups, dated 1763: Auchtertool. 
 1780-90 : ae ts ... | Oil lamp, which may also have been used as 
 Ca] a candlestick :.Mr: G. Glass. Also stag’s 
 
 head over R, on fork: Mr. Clement Gadsby. 
 PC} ¥ PC] “ss ase’ ase | Table-spoon (fiddle pattern): Rev. J. Carr. 
 
 ot Bi ("4 ee “re ... | Tea-spoon (fiddle pattern): The Marquess of 
 ee Breadalbane. 
 oNS¢ Ss 
 42M > M. Hinchsliffe. | Tea-spoons (fiddle pattern): The Marquess 
 a Ei ) +4” of Breadalbane andthe Author. 
 
 fe) &} IP) ove eee eee Tea-spoon : ‘Mr. Geo. Henderson. 
 Gy Fi ay he ... | Table-spoon (fiddle pattern): Mr. Chisholm. 
 
 1836 3) Kee DG) David Greig (?)| Toddy ladle (fiddle pattern) : Mr. Dudley 
 
 1820 
 
 Westropp. 
 
the name of “hammermen” in 153 
 
 CHAPTER XVI 
 Marks on Glasgow Plate 
 
 The Glasgow goldsmiths were incorporated with other metal workers under 
 
 6. 
 
 A date letter was probably adopted in 1681, as it was in Edinburgh, but its 
 use was discontinued about 1710 and was not regularly used again until 1819. 
 The letter S which is frequently found on early pieces probably stands for 
 sterling. The assay office was established by statute of George III in Glasgow 
 in the year 1819. 
 
 TABLE I. 
 
 ES 
 
 @ 
 = 
 
 - 
 - 
 
 — 
 se 
 
 : 68 8888 S & 
 
 s 
 ~e 
 
 @ 
 
 OOo 
 °-83 8BSE & & 
 
 © 
 eK 
 
 WS RSEORBOADs Srors-BhoenGe@er 
 
 = 
 aad 
 
 : BE 
 
 TREE, % 
 FISH & MAKER'S DATE 
 BELL. MARK. LETTER 
 
 MAKER'S NAME, 
 
 Thos. Moncrur (1665) 
 
 Robt. Brook (1673) 
 
 Robert Brook (1673) 
 
 Jas. Stirling (1684) 
 
 Do. Do. 
 
 Robt. Brook 
 
 (1673) 
 
 Robert Brook (1673) 
 
 Wm. Clerk (1693) 
 
 Robert Brook (1673) 
 
 John Luke* 
 
 James Luke 
 
 (1692) 
 
 Thos, Cumming (1682) 
 John Luke, jr. (1699) 
 
 Do. do, do, 
 
 178 
 
 TABLE II. 
 @ 'B} John Luke, jr. (1699) 
 
 DATE 
 (asouT.) 
 
 MAKER'S 
 MARK, 
 
 zf ie se: 'D) Do, do. ” 
 
 WC ae: wick 1” | William Clerk 
 
 ” 
 
 ” TB} Johan Got-helf-Bilsings 
 
 (1717) 
 1728-31 9 7) 99 
 1725-35 ” 
 ves] 1 @ 
 ” GIN 
 
 Saml. 
 
 HA REE 
 = > i) & 
 
 SS 
 = 
 
 Sago: Wena 
 
 David 
 
 (No maker's mark). 
 
 John Campbell (1757) 
 
 (Not identified.) 
 
 =] PS Con oy = 
 we i" 
 ra € un) ie CG 
 
 | Bayne & Napier. 
 
Marks on Glasgow Plate 179 
 
 FABLE III, LADUE LY, 
 
 \ DATE) waker'’s TREE. wanen's 
 
 Fish & LETTER. oe DATE. KING'S MAKER'S MAKER’S NAME, 
 Leis). MARK, «FISH & MARK. MAKER’s NAME, Lio AKER 
 
 Ey 
 RAMPANT. LETTER HEAD. 
 
 B. Scott. 
 1819-20 3 ‘a (Not identified.) 
 
 GEO. IV. Luke F. Newlands (1816) 
 1820-4 Jas. Downie (1812) 
 
 * | 1824-2 
 1822-3 
 4823-4 
 1824-5 
 1825-6 
 
 4826-1 
 {827-8 
 
 1828-9 
 1829-30 
 
 WM. IV. 
 1830-1 
 * 
 1831-2 
 1832-3 
 1833-4 
 1834-5 
 
 1836-6 
 
 _ 1763-70 Ac Adam Graham (1763) 
 
 Se 
 ry 
 oe 
 
 BEBBEEBH EE BE 
 
 v9 9 99 
 
 Do. do. 
 
 Robt. Gray&Son - 
 (1819) 
 Robt. Duncan (1813) 
 
 Do. do. 
 
 James Taylor (1773) 
 
 es) 
 
 Milne & Campbell. John = Bruce (1815) 
 
 (Not identified.) 
 
 Q : 
 OROR Rae 
 
 Do. do. 
 
 Alexr, Mitchell (1822) 
 
 Robert Gray (1776) 
 Angus McDonald (1824) 
 
 @ 
 
 Do. do. 
 
 : Peter Arthur (1808) 
 Taylor & Hamilton. 
 
 Edwd. Bell (1827) 
 
 Jas. Burrell & Co, 
 (1825) 
 
 Danl. Robertson (1829) 
 
 James McEwen (1783) 
 
 < 
 ~ 
 
 1777-99 
 
 Love (1777) 
 
 1782-92 Wright (1782) 
 
 John Mitchell _ .., 
 (as 1835-6 below). 
 Robt, Gray & Son 
 (1819) 
 
 Peter Arthur (1808) 
 
 1785-95 Donald (1785) 
 
 1O} Do. ‘do. ” 
 Patrick McFarlane (1781) 
 
 Lion 
 RAMPANT. 
 
 SO :-O8SG0O0@ : 
 
 ‘BR BBEBaG 
 
 ur) 
 
 11) 
 ae RG) 
 HD 
 om 
 
 D.C. Rait ~~~ (1832) 
 John Mitchel 11834) 
 
 Na bs Archibald McFadyen (1811 = 
 i | . 1836-7 D.C. Rait (1832) 
 (Not identified.)  _ 
 The town mark is usually found between the duplicated RIT, W. Parkins (1835) 
 makers’ marks, both of which are struck with the same 
 punch, 1338-9 Robt, Gray & Son 
 
 (1819) 
 
 4889-40 Do. e 
 1840-4 
 
 1841-2 
 
 1842-3 
 1843-4 
 1844-5 
 
 John Mitchell (1834) 
 
 a . 6s eeqne ke Gea 
 BB: BEBE Es & 
 
 *Henry Muirhead (1838) 
 
 *Henry Downs (1831) 
 “D.C. Rait (1832) 
 
 NAHABSSHEBsaSTBSBsBssee89 es2008 
 
 *Chas. Bryson (1834) 
 
 1823 P'G Philip Grierson. 
 
 €. 1826 JL John Law. 
 
Re Marks on Glasgow Plate . 
 
 TABLE V. TABLE VI. 
 
 TREE, 8 MAKERS 
 vans RAKUANT. LETTER. HEAD. MARK. MAKER’S NAME, 
 
 TREE, 
 » = LION = DATE. QUEEN'S MAKE 
 Lo She RAMPART, ubtten. 9 D. “Aine 
 
 (845-6 i?) @ Walter Baird (1845) vena | Gs 3 ‘Al +) 
 1846-7 | 9» » ” Robt. Gray & Son (1819) 1872-3 as , 
 (847-8 | *» | id $4 ne 1873-4 cid 
 {848-9 | » ” ” @ John Russell (1845) 1874-5 
 1849-50] »» ” oe Peter Aitken, jr. - 1875-6 
 TS a ” jl. & W. Mitchell (1834) 1876-7 
 1851-2 | »» ” ” 1877-8 
 {859-3 |» % ” Robt. Gray & Son (1819) 1878-9 
 f (second mark) 0 
 1850-4 | 9 |» " a2 
 1880-1 
 4854-5 | 9» ry) ” A. MeMillan (1837) 
 1884-2 
 1855-6.) ” » | @ | R. Stewart (1842) 
 
 1882-3 
 (888-4 
 1884-6 
 1885-6 
 1886-1 
 18818 
 1888-0 
 1889-90 
 1800-4 
 1601-2 
 
 | 18008 
 
 | 1800-4] . 
 1804-5 
 
 1896-6 
 1896-7 
 
 Oe a 
 1867-8 | | 
 1808-9) | 
 1860-60] »» | 
 {860-1 | +» |» 
 ese a 
 19) 7 | 
 34] "| 
 80-5 | 9 |» 
 1865-6} » | 
 806-7 | | 
 18 | 2 |e 
 1368-0 | 9» |.» 
 1869-70) 9» | 
 1870-4 
 
 ” A, McDonald (1845) 
 iw A. & S|] 
 
 oy | ees | W. Alexander & Son. 
 
 FOR MAKERS’ MARKS SEE LIST ON FOLLOWING PAGES. 
 
 7) Ji Murray (1862) 
 
 NAssEeGOouU SBOE Rseacesouu0e8 
 
 NHOBSSAUOBSTOPSHseoseaggeseoe 
 
 * 
 
 tae 
 
 7 Bane 
 
 fe. ars 
 ees 
 
Marks on Glasgow Plate 
 
 1897-8 
 
 1898-9 
 
 1899 
 1900 
 
 1g00-I 
 
 EDW. VII. 
 IgOI-2 
 1902-3 
 1903-4 
 1904-5 
 1905-6 
 
 | 1906-7 
 1907-8 
 1908-9 
 1909-10 
 Ch 
 
 IQIO-1 
 IQII-2 
 1912-3 
 1913-4 
 1914-5 
 1915-6 
 
 1916-7 
 1917-8 
 1918-9 
 1919-20 
 1920-1 
 
 192I-2 
 
 TABLE VII. 
 
 TREE, 
 
 i LION 
 fish & 
 BELL. RAMPANT. 
 
 ak; 
 = 
 
 09 
 
 B 
 Q 
 i) 
 @ 
 ey 
 a 
 W) 
 
 MAKER’S 
 
 MARKS. 
 
 181 
 
CHAPTER XVII 
 Marks of the Minor Scotch Guilds 
 
 ABERDEEN 
 
 TABLE I, 
 
 IATE 
 alta MAKER’S MARK. 
 
 ’ 
 AE. 
 (ABOUT). MAKER'S NAME 
 
 1600-25 AB ym a pm 
 
 NY 
 @ © i 
 ws WG Wn, 
 AG AG 
 1690 3 
 
 1691-7 
 1703 LD Di Do. 
 
 Oe Geo. aaa a 
 
 GR aX GH 3 Do. do. ” 
 
 (Not identified.) 
 
 1670-7 Scott (1666) 
 
 1672-8 Alexr; Galloway 
 
 (1672) 
 (Not identified.) 
 
 1710-20 
 
 3 WALKER Do. do, 
 
 [GC] aX) [GC] @ George Cooper (1728) 
 
 © 8 © 
 GO B 
 
 Alexr. Forbes (1728) 
 
 George Cooper (1728) 
 ”? 
 
 Abercrombie 
 (1734) 
 
 (1748) 
 ICA) aX) Do. soe oe 
 
 me o 
 Do. do. ee 
 
 Coline Allan 
 
 James  Wildgoose 
 176 
 
 Walter Melvil (1650). 
 
 DATE 
 (ABOUT). 
 
 1760 
 
 ” 
 1766-79 
 
 1772-7 
 
 1777-8 | 
 
 1782-96 
 
 1783-90 
 
 1790 to 
 1800 
 
 TABLE II, 
 MAKER’S MARK, MAKER’S NAMR. 
 a (Not identified.) 
 
 BL} & Do. = do. 
 GP | Jas. Gordon (2766) 
 
 . TABD| | Do. do, 
 
 9 
 
 do. 
 Alexr, Thompson (1772) 
 oa Jas. Law (777) 
 or oe Do. do. 
 @ i) Do. do. 
 ity John Leslie (1782) 
 A BD Sas oa 
 @ @ Do. do. 
 Tents Do. do. 
 oe & Do. do. 
 CEFN) Jas. Smith (1783) 
 @D Do. do. 
 @® Do. do. 
 iP R| A] BID} (Not identified.) 
 Nath. Gillet (1786) 
 Do. = do. 
 
 { eth 
 
 eo eo (J £3 | Do. do, 
 A James Erskine (1796) 
 - « Do. do. 
 3 Do. do, 
 Gy | Do = do. 
 75 200 (Not identified.) 
 
Marks of the Minor Scotch Guilds 183 
 
 ABERDEEN (Continued). EXAMPLES OF 
 
 DATE 
 
 TABLE III, 
 
 MAKER’S MARK. 
 
 MAKER’S NAME. 
 
 ARBROATH MARKS 
 
 (aBouT). Bpa® MARKS. 
 (ABOUT). 
 (Not identified.) 
 DOUGLAS 00 @ | Douglas (?) ee e ¥; 
 Allan (1797) 638 ED  O 8 
 do. 1830-9 ) 
 11D) Rt | U0 Douglas (?) () 
 
 : 
 
 TD) 
 
 [nya BycByAB 
 
 Qooo 
 mm OOD cv 
 
 BAB 
 IB) 
 aa ones 
 Cay AHOD 
 ny 
 ABD 
 
 do. 
 
 (Not sdentified.) 
 Do. do. 
 Do. do. 
 Do. do. 
 do. 
 
 do. 
 do. 
 
 do. 
 
 Geo. Jamieson 
 (Not identified.) 
 
 Do. do. 
 Do. do. 
 
 STIRLING. 
 
 @ 
 
184 Marks of the Minor Scotch Guilds 
 
 ELGIN GREENOCK 
 
 DATE ’ 
 ’ ’ 
 § ME. MAKER S MARK. 
 (ABOUT). MAKER S MARK MAKERS NA 
 
 ? 
 (ABOUT). MAKER’S NAME. 
 
 wo | TA mae@ 
 
 of Glasgow. 
 
 James Humphrey. 
 
 do. 
 (E on its back and LN for as: d 
 { Elgin). i 
 
 ee 9 *e a 
 James Humphrey ¢| 5A 45: 
 : bs be ae 
 Chas Fowler. ot Cuccala 
 1780 SIGHS, 
 @ - Q 
 " Aw 
 
 Thos; Stewart 
 (see Inverness, p. 549). 1790 vw (6 
 
 » | Oa 
 1800 son 63x 
 
 ‘ 
 
 -|/ @eove 
 » | BOBS 
 
 Ars @O Bal 
 
 i So 
 
 1800 te ae oo) 6te 
 Seventeenth Century ® 
 
 te ee Lad %9 
 
 eo ef ot te | John - Meron: 
 a 1&GH BR J. & G, Heron? 
 
 1800 i re ; 
 2. Ped 
 WICK. ci @ fi + WH, Yo 
 1820 & @ Do. do. 
 
 End of the Eighteenth 
 
 bi Peterhead and 
 Century 
 
 Greenock mark. 
 
Marks of the Minor Scotch Guilds 
 
 BANFF 
 
 MAKER’S MARK. 
 
 DATE 
 (ABOUT). 
 
 - 1680 | Wm. 
 - 1698 f® | >. 
 1720 ea 0] Wm. 
 725 | eIPs Patk. 
 
 1732-41 
 
 8 Eo 
 
 MAKER’S NAME. 
 
 do. 
 
 Scott, junr. 
 
 Scott. 
 
 Patrick Gordon. 
 
 1750 BAF: Alexr. Shirras. 
 1775 | BEN John Argo. 
 1780- Do. do. 
 1785 Wm, Byres. 
 1795 | [RQ 02903 jonn Keith. 
 » |Bieé Do. do, 
 Pee@uni | « 
 i: H FIMO | Po. = do. 
 8 @ Do. do. 
 Don, do. 
 Do. do. 
 Do. do. 
 (Not identified.) 
 1820 B| Geo, _Elder.* 
 1835 John McQueen. 
 1850 Bi Wm. Simpson, 
 
 DUNDEE 
 eer MAKER’S MARK. 
 1628 
 1631 | 
 73 | GRO GY GG 
 1648 
 1667. @ 
 = | @ ae 
 1730 
 
 ws 6S o 
 mm | MR» MH 
 1764 8 
 1776 7 WS} 
 ¥ 99 9? M} 
 | ae 8 8 
 | EL} 9 fi) 9 
 | as 
 | 
 
 or 
 ” ” 
 %o (RBG OO 
 ot 8 on 
 NOR ae 
 | DMs g DI) 
 » Dw 
 
 Ni 
 mf} o § 
 
 1809 
 
 185 
 
 MAKER’S NAME. 
 
 Alexr. Lindsay (1628) 
 
 Robt. Gairdine 
 (mentioned 1683) 
 
 Do. do. 
 
 Do. do. 
 
 Thos. Lindsay (1662) 
 
 Chas. Dickson (1722) 
 
 John Steven 
 (mentioned 1764) 
 
 Alexr. Johnston — (1739) 
 
 John Steven (1764) 
 
 Wm. Scott (1776) 
 
 Do. do. 
 
 Alexr. Cameron (1818) 
 
 Edwd, Livingstone (1809) | 
 
 ] 
 Alexr. Cameron _ (1818) | 
 
 Robt. 
 
 Naughton ? 
 
 (see Inverness, p. 549) 
 
 Thos. 
 
 Stewart ? 
 
 (see Inverness, p. 549) 
 
 Wm. 
 
 Constable. (1806) 
 
 (Not identified.) 
 
 Edwd. Livingstone (1809) 
 
 Do. 
 
 Wm. 
 
 (Not identified.) 
 David Manson (809) 
 do. 
 Young (800) | 
 
186 
 
 Marks of the Minor Scotch Guilds 
 
 DATE 
 (aBouT), 
 
 1675 
 1680 
 1687_ 
 1710 
 1750 
 1772 
 1780 
 
 PERTH 
 
 MAKER’S MARK, 
 
 OSs 
 ao? & 
 a a & 
 Qo: Go» 
 CD ss, 
 
 ISHOMWEYRY) 
 R&RK Me R&R EK] 
 
 a8 
 3] 
 B 
 Be) 
 
 “i Sf 
 
 MAKER’S NAME. 
 
 Robert Gardiner (1569) 
 
 Do. do. do. 
 
 ‘William Scott, of Banff 
 
 James  Cornfuté (1772) 
 
 +; Pirie 
 
 Robert Keay (1791) 
 J. J. 
 Robert Keay (1791) 
 
 William Ritchie (1796) 
 John = Sid (1808) 
 R. & R, Keay 
 
 David Greig (c. 1810) 
 Charles Murray (1816) 
 
 (No maker's mark.) 
 
 R. McG. 
 
 LE H. 
 
 Robert Greig (1817) 
 Robert Keay, jr. (1825) 
 A. Maxie 
 
 John Pringle (1827) 
 Robert Keay, jr. (1825) 
 
 John Pringle (1827) 
 
 David Greig, jr. 
 
Marks of the Minor Scotch Guilds 187 
 
 INVERNESS 
 
 MAKER’S NAME, 
 
 DATE 
 (ABOUT). 
 
 1640 PN Pe sisuce 
 _ Ty Do. do. 
 1680 rR] M. Ry kas 
 
 7s | MR RB Mo Lise 
 
 ’ DATE 
 MAKER’S MARK. (anour: MAKER’S MARK. MAKER’S NAME, 
 
 Jameson & Naughton. 
 
 ee oF Macmas. 
 
 ” ” 99 ls do. 
 
 McR. 
 IRNGINSH ¥ PRN, 
 @ do. 
 
 Fraser. 
 
 Jamieson. 
 
 Naughton. 
 
 sil il al 
 
 ve) $B BB Pleats, 
 
 6 iS 
 
 ea (2 
 
 me a. 
 
 GEN +. EN 
 Pre Col Fa) 
 ES © 
 
 Do. do. 
 
 John Baillie 
 Thos. Baillie 
 Alexr, Stewart 
 Robert Anderson 
 Alexr. Stewart, jr. 
 (No maker’s mark.) 
 * Hamilton & Co. 
 J. A. 
 
 T. & Co. 
 
 Alexr. Stewart, jr. 
 
 Chas. Jamieson 
 
 [AM] INS OJ@) 
 LA McLJINS Krakeka) 
 
 MS os © 
 F BROS 
 
 *Alexr. 
 
 - Do. 
 
 Thos. 
 
 Donald 
 
 Alexr. 
 
 Ferguson Brothers, 
 
 Ferguson & MacBean. 
 
 ST. ANDREWS 
 
 About 1671 
 
188 Marks of the Minor Scotch Guilds 
 
 TAIN 
 
 LATE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY 
 
 MARKS. ARTICLES AND OWNERS. 
 
 SOB Table-spoon: The Marquess of Breadalbane, K.G. 
 50S Boe) Eg | Tea-pot: Mr. Willoughby Farr. 
 
 TAINEA Toddy ladle: The Marquess of Breadalbane, K.G, 
 
 99 Dinner fork : Oe 
 
 Do. do. . 
 
 W.L. ZAIN BY Tea-spoon 
 
 MONTROSE 
 
 DATE MAKER’S NAME, 
 (ABOUT). 
 
 | Wm. Lindsay 
 1670 WL) (probably). 
 iF ) Wm. Lindsay: 
 
 yet eee 7) 1 Do. do. 
 @ Soa Do. do, 
 
 8 Goo 
 
 Bi} 8) Thos. Johnston. 
 > GD CE} OD | “eatnitced r758, 
 
 do. 
 
 ARTICLES AND OWNERS, 
 
 Table-spoon, pricked 1672, Mr. A. W. 
 Stone. 
 
 Com. cups, “ gifted 1671: Forfar. 
 Spoon with flat stem Mr. W. Boore. 
 Com..cup, ‘‘ given 1688”: Laurence- 
 kirk, Montrose. 
 
 Com. cups, ‘ gifted 1680”: Bervie, 
 and (1683) Aberlemno, 
 
 Wavy-end spoon: Mr. J. H. Walter. 
 
 | f Com. cups: Marykirk, Montrose. 
 (icnkorsett Mr. H. Dawson, 
 
 Dessert-spoon: The Marquess of 
 Breadalbane, K.G. 
 
 Wm, Mill (1811) | Tea-spoon — : Do. do. 
 
 65 Ae ee ae 
 
CHAPTER XVIII 
 Unascribed Scotch Marks 
 
 THE DATES APPENDED—WHICH ARE CONJECTURED APPROXIMATELY—ARE SUCII AS 
 THE CHARACTER OF THE ARTICLE AND STYLE OF THE WORK IN EACH CASE SUGGEST. 
 
 DATE 
 
 (ABOUT). ARTICLES AND OWNERS. 
 
 Possibly an Inverness mark. Spoon with ‘‘wrythen” knop: 
 Lord Breadalbane, 
 
 Folding rat-tail spoon: Museum of Antiquities, Edinburgh. 
 Fork, with seal atend: Do. do. do. 
 Small quaich: Lord Breadalbane. 
 
 Plaid brooch: Do. do. 
 
 Taper stand, etc. : Windsor Castle. 
 (? Chas. Alchorne, ent. 1729.) 
 
 Dessert-spoons ; Lord Breadalbane. 
 Salt-box: Mr. Dudley Westropp. 
 
 Small bowl: Messrs. Crichton. 
 
 Cad) 
 O-7r I C) Chon Large soup ladle: The Marquess of Breadalbane, K.G. 
 
 D> @ Small quaich: Mr. Nyberg. 
 ; , fBonbonniére: The Marquess of Breadalbane, K.G, 
 A Me eanope! Lord Newlands. 
 
 4s) S] o Tea-spoons : The Marquess of Breadalbane, K.G. 
 
 'T.COLGAN] Tea-spoon: Do, do. 
 
 ELD Two-handled tray: Mr, A. J. Davis. 
 
 Tablespoon: The Marquess of Breadalbane, K.G, 
 
 cr GW Dessert-spoon: Messrs. Mackay & Chisholm. 
 
 * Lord Breadalbane suggests that these marks emanate from some place near Glasgow, 
 
 189 
 
190 Unascribed Scotch Marks 
 
 ARTICLES AND OWNERS, 
 
 Sugar tongs: The Marquess of Breadalbane, K.G, 
 
 Tea-spoon ; Do. do, 
 
 cs éRb) Sance ladle : do. 
 
 ~ ee 
 4 (Perhaps Dundee marks). Each mark struck twice on table- 
 spoons: Messrs. Crichton. 
 
 & Dessert-spoons: Messrs. Crichton. 
 F4G Fiddle-pattern forks: Noted by Mr. Dudley Westropp. 
 
 gos & *(Perhaps Dundee marks) Marrow scoop: Lord Breadal- 
 
 bane. 
 
 Me | - | +Shell-pattern caddy spoon: Lord Breadalbane. 
 
 m2 Small tea-spoon 
 RB Salt-spoon 
 
 CM ry Table-spoon and mounts of shell snuff-box : The Marquess 
 i of Breadalbane, K.G. 
 
 p= f") ° 
 1816 ISIG { Pepper caster: Messrs. Crichton. 
 1800-20 ro) *Perhaps John Glenn of Montrose. Half a dozen tea- 
 
 spoons: Lord Breadalbane. 
 [ray *Dozen fiddle-pattern table-spoons : Lord Breadalbane. 
 
 * f Fe : i : 
 § 8 Dozen fiddle-pattern tea-spoons : Do do 
 
 * These are believed to be the marks of travelling goldsmiths, called ‘* Tinkers ”’, 
 
 + It has been suggested that these are Leith marks. : 
 
 tIt is with considerable hesitation that this line of marks is included. The work, however, not 
 appearing to be continental, as suggested by the striking of the full date ‘* 1816,”” the marks have been 
 placed here as ‘‘ doubtful” Scotch because of the thistle. 
 
 = ls 
 
 ea + aA 3 » " wa Me " = a ee 
 ree, a eae? a ee 
 
CAREER XIX 
 Marks on Dublin Plate 
 
 Highly skilled goldsmiths worked in Ireland when Saxon kings reigned in 
 England. Names of goldsmiths of the Twelfth Century have been preserved. 
 The Dublin Goldsmiths Company was chartered in 1637. 
 
 TABLE I. TABLE II. 
 
 DATE MAKER'S -_MAKER’S NAME. 
 
 oun DATE. MAKER'S 
 CROWNED. LETTER. MARK 
 
 HARP ’ 
 GROWMBD. UBTTER. MARK. MAKER S NAME, 
 
 CHAS. 7 aad Be 
 aos 1658-9 | Qa | wey 
 1638-9 | oi | | ames Vanderbeck, 
 PAS W J hee ag ‘ Joseph Stoaker. t 
 1609-40 Rt : ie John Thornton. 1659-60 6) me = 
 Edwd, Chadsey. CHAS. II. 7 
 4640-4 iC. & John Thornton. 1660-1 Cc 
 1641-2 i) pales Win. Cooke. l6ot-2 ad 
 1849-3 E 1662-3 ep € 
 1643-4 F 1663-4 B Joseph Stoaker.+ 
 1644-5 G 04-5 | » | & belie Rates 
 1645-6 H 
 mel {005-6 h 
 1646-7 LE B | ia eebactcer) 1666-1 1 
 ier it hn 
 cOMWTH, {668-9 f 
 1649-60 M 1669-70 Mm 
 1650-4 N 1670-1 IN TL 
 eS ; 1671-2 'O) Joseph Stoaker.t 
 1653-4 Q ra P 
 1655-6 S Die Daniel Bellingham. 1674-5 v 
 : 1675-6 S$ 
 | {856-1 iy Ce eee, pre t 
 “lh My (6118 wv 
 
 0 | | @ George Gallant, 
 
 19! 
 
192 
 
 1678-9 | 
 
 1680-1 
 
 1696-9 
 
 Marks on Dublin Plate 
 
 TABLE III. 
 
 DATE MAKERS 
 
 CROWNED. LETTER, MARK 
 
 2 
 
 “ GB<E 
 GEGS SOSS: O8BE 
 
 <1 
 w Gy 
 0 
 
 @i> 
 i 
 
 @ 
 SS8EG@Q@R2Q6EEQ B 
 
 MAKER’S NAME, 
 
 (warden 1701). 
 
 Joseph 
 
 Timothy Blackwood.t 
 Samuel Marsden. 
 James Kelly. 
 Andrew Gregory. 
 Do. do, 
 
 John Phillips. 
 Wm. Lucas or 
 ‘Walter Lewis, 
 Edwd. Swan. 
 James Kelly. 
 John Farmer. 
 John _—_ Cuthbert. 
 Robert Nevill, 
 John Humphrys. 
 David King. 
 
 | Robt. Smith 
 
 Walker. 
 
 Drayton. 
 
 Myers. 
 Stanley. 
 Bolton. 
 Phillips. 
 King. 
 
 Walker. 
 
 Humphrys. 
 
 Stanley. 
 
 TABLE IV. 
 
 DATE R’ 
 crown. Lerter, “Mien? | “AKERS NAME, 
 
 1699 ‘Ant’ny Stanley _ ny Stanley 
 1700 g : ew Edward Workman 
 1700-1 *9 Alexr. Sinclair. 
 
 ma | B besa 
 
 IB Thomas Boulton. 
 ANNE, 
 - {109-3 ) 4P. GB | vo. ao. 
 99 
 
 1703-4 | >» Do. do. 
 
 | © Henry Matthews. 
 {Ti 56 9 | | SY) Joseph Walker. | 
 
 DK) David King. 
 
 @ | Edward Barrett. 
 Thomas Bolton. 
 
 {706-1 F 8 
 
 ooo) > | Gag | | 8 
 1710-1-2 eS w (Maker's mark seedistinch 
 ey Ecward Workman. 
 
 1749-3-4 @ i; @® ‘® Walter Archdall. 
 
 Do. do. 
 (Maker's mark indistinct) 
 
 David King. 
 i 
 
 ED . John Clifton. 
 GEO 1. 
 1714-5 | ” g WA Wm, Archdall. © 
 
 John Tuite,+ 
 Ta 
 
 1746-6 B @ | John acer’ 
 
 Joseph Walker. 
 David Kin 
 (as i: ee 
 
 1716-7 4 | My 
 
 | 
 3712 GS } Francis Gerard 
 
 iit alll 
 
Marks on Dublin Plate 193 
 
 TABLE V. TABLE VI. 
 
 HARP DATE = MAKER'S MAKER’S NAME, Rises pave) aubee Whkees , 
 CROWNED. LETTER. MARK. choco. eae, MIRE. mance’ MAKER’S NAME. 
 
 Joseph Walker. 
 
 > | Esther Forbes. 
 Christr. Thompson. {731-2 AL @ @® | Erasmus Cope? 
 {717-8 @ 9) Wm. aoe eo pay a9 GB Anthony Lefebure. 
 i [John Hamilton. "1a GD | james Douglas 
 © : Sa) John Savage? we Wm. Williamson. 
 9 °° | @E9 | rhos. Parker. 1733-4 | 9» 2 o 4 (8B | Charles Lemaitre. 
 1718-9 | + B Erasm’s Cope. HD | John — Taylor. 
 Wm. Townsend. 
 @) Henry Daniell. Co pie Leslie 
 ded G G ile John = Clifton, jr lets ‘D) @ én 
 Ar he} _ ‘Willi : 
 oS y g | Gb ie pe ag Thos illiamson 
 ha pate Barth Mosse, 
 1720-4 v aq | TH John Hamilton. ess 2 19 z) PAB Alexr. Brown. 
 = Do. hey Ey John Williamson. 
 {121-2 | » 33] és Thos. Sutton. John Wilme. 
 i es : €3 Andrew Goodwin. © 
 &> John = Clifton, sr. 
 i223 | + Cc) i) | Edwd. Barrett. Coy Jems o> Taylor: 
 Qi | Robert Harrison. 1737-8 | + AR] ‘ | 'D.Kj David King? 
 1793-4 |» D) 2) | Thos. Walker. Samuel Walker. 
 | = he 'S) '" } gra | Matthew Walker, 
 @ Wm. Duggan. 9 i 
 Andrew Goodwin. 
 @ Thos. Slade. 60 a 
 tT0-5 € Gg rE fokn'= Taylor, 1739-40 |» wi ae iW] Francis Williamson. 
 & Thos. Bolton. a pestle Ses: 
 NOX! Mathw. Walker. 0-1 | > @ . John Moore. 
 1735-6 |» J sin Michl. Hewitson. €GQ | Alexr. Richards. 
 Mathw. Walker. aes Ga es >» Taane D’Olier. 
 1726-7 ” 6, | ( Serafin Cag) ve John Laughlin. 
 i) ere arenes) eS Christr. Locker. 
 ae RC) Pac acre ha 1743-4 he | RYH) Robt. Holmes. 
 1121-8 1) ei ra les John Letablere. 
 Wm. Clarke. 
 fel Coe’) ieey James Whitthorne. 
 IR} John Robinson. {745 Ef 3) 
 1728-9 ” g| 3 Bolton Cormick. NY John Moore. 
 : Jas. | Whitthorne. 
 es TRU) Robert Calderwood. {746 : Z) | Wa (see 1745). | 
 1729-30 Fig fit | John Moore. 
 : @ Wm. Archdall. 
 : 1730-4 v aL { 'DK) David King. 
 
194 Marks on Dublin Plate 
 “TABLE VII. TABLE VIII. 
 
 ‘ HIBER- DATE HARP MAKER'S < y 
 MIBER- pate HARP MAKER'S MAKER'S NAME. NIA LETTER. CROWNED MARK, MAKER’S NAME. 
 SIA, LBTTER. CROWNED MARK, 
 
 " : 
 
 ; ee ef 
 0 ab a ie a A wae 
 rer i ore 
 
 ty Wm. Williainson. ID h Walker. 
 *1747 @ AY Cc, Fox. ITT3 @ A) ir - ‘ta 
 WAY | will. Walsh. i 4 
 1748 | + 'B » | GED | Will. Beates, 114 | Ly " John Craig. . 
 ai) TC) John Christie. "5 C} ; A-B} Apes Boxwell. 2 
 1749 | » C, AG | (BB | John Laughlin. 1 Y » | Ry Richd, Williams. - 
 : fG:} | Mathias Brown. 'D} Chas. Townsend, ” 
 1750 ag 'D) ee Isaac D’Olier, 1776 es aeist pew. q 
 1751-2 ‘9 E) E) v | LE) ee aie Darby Kehoe. g 4 
 William Ring. 1777 ” 9 Stephen Walsh, ‘ 
 1752-3 ” FF * | {Siz} | Mich’el Homer. 118 iy i ETT) | Michael Homer. oe 
 9 _ “ 
 [Gy | Wm. Townsend. John —_Pittar. 2 
 1753-4 G. 9 { AR) Alexr. Richards, 4779 ae 'G) ce { te Jos. Jackson. “a 
 1754-5 Christr. Skinner a oe 
 - ristr. ; 
 by = H) x ® 4180 y | S82 | Michael Walsh. 
 ve : a ii €83 [John Bolland, 
 ? TT ” A) Matt’w Alanson. 4134 HT) John Kelly. 
 Daniel Popkins. ey ** ) EGE | Jos. Jackson. 
 1758 hg K, MS (Not identified.) Thomas Jones. 
 1759 * 5 a { Saml. Walker. 1182 ” 7 | Raa Wm, Ward. 
 (8 =| J’nth’n. Pasley.. 183 i 4) John _ Laughlin, jr. 
 GEO. Il. ’ 
 1760 * M, 9 RO bets Calderwood. : a j (RW) Robert Wyke. 
 : N) Geo, - Hill. (13k | 45 ‘My = i Was. 2 Dieta 
 aint sy Thos. Johnston. Matthew Walsh. 
 ‘9 Do. do. 4185 IN] <e Christr. Haines. 
 1762 th ‘O, { 4 Matt’w Alanson, ae , Wm. = Supple. 
 Wm. Johnson. 
 est Aa bebe 'P, " { cag David Peter. 1186 | » (0) ad {i (Not identified.) | 
 ob Wm. Currie. f'» 7) John Pittar.. 
 hi iy ‘0 Ke G@3 | Wm. Homer. * 1187 9 Matthew West. 
 Francis Jones. (X53 | Michael Keating. 
 Jee i Ry Joseph Cullen, * 178 | ‘Q) " we joka’ Stoyte. 
 CXL Ge Win, Rae 
 MJ bg E = m,. ° 
 1766 ee S) ve { (FKK) French & Keating. # 4789 ” Ri ” {aD Robt. Williams, 
 ; Gi John West. pe 
 1797 ry T) CY { Richd, Williams. 1790 és 'S] rae é Art ur r 
 1768 My U) : { Richd. Tudor. ACN) Arthur O'Neill. 
 i ny? Wath YM | Benjn. Tait. 
 & GD [Jermnvote. | tos | » | QP] » temp bee gout 
 ino John Shields. Sous aes 
 7 ) W ‘IG James Graham. * 1799 ” U, 9 Wes i taba 
 1770 *” > | GD [John Locker. James _ Keating. 
 Christr. Sagi Michael Keating. 
 co Thos. insela. #* 4193 ts Wy Me : va 
 1771 a” ry’ Oy, | EEA John Lloyd. es ™ Tae eee Ai 
 1772 ar vA 9 Chas, Townsend. * 1794 rs #4 ay G é ' E Crom 
 Chas, Mullin. Kg CD . (Not identified.) ny a: 
 : 195 | » | RY] » | GBB | Joon Laughtin, je} 
 « f i: : mye James England. ha 
 This Hibernia stamp was also used 1752-3-4 * 1196 és Z + GED | Geo. tley. ia 
 Fredk. Buck, Shee: 
 *The date-letters D & G have been also found without 9 
 
 the pellet in its shield, which is occasionally rounded. 
 
"941-541 GOIWAd AHL AO UYAATIS HSTYI 
 
 $a142]]DQ) 2t4Q) 741 fo ksaanory 
 
{197 
 {798 
 1199 
 7800 
 “480 
 * 1802 
 ~ {808 
 1804 
 1805 
 ~ £806 
 1807 
 + 1808 
 + 1809 
 1810 
 1811 
 1812 
 
 € 1813 
 4814 
 
 1815 
 
 1816 
 1817 
 
 1818 
 1819 
 
 GEO. IV. 
 
 1820 
 
 TASLE, TX. 
 
 HIBER. DATE HAR 
 NIA 
 
 P 
 LETTER. CROWNED. 
 
 on 
 — 
 
 Qs 
 
 9? 
 
 99 
 
 ck) 
 
 a9 
 
 BaAaom§@aoBDUeaeS 
 
 °9 99 
 
 99 
 
 eS : 
 Og! 
 © &4 
 & : 
 
 Lhd 
 
 9? 
 
 9° 
 
 9 
 
 Gi Gt Ct Et Gt Gt Ct GI SS Gt 
 
 = 
 S| S= 
 ©8 BF 
 
 Sor "7 
 
 = 
 » 
 > 
 so 
 
 Ha) 
 
 = 
 le 
 = 
 
 AG ERESBB SE 
 
 H 
 B 
 
 = se 
 a = 
 
 ~ 
 ~ 
 
 = ~~ 
 - 2 
 
 - 
 - 
 
 e 
 = 
 
 B GEESE Be BABLBES® 
 
 < 
 2 
 
 ~~ 
 = 
 
 Ae 
 
 5 
 : 
 
 GES GEBR GES 3G 
 
 Marks on Dublin Plate 
 
 MAKER’S NAME. 
 
 John Rigby. 
 Geo. West 
 
 (as 1794.) 
 John Keene, 
 John Daly. 
 James Keating.t 
 James Scott, 
 John Kearns, 
 Walter Peter. 
 Jas. Connor. 
 John Power. 
 Richd. Sawyer. 
 Wm. § Hamey. 
 Arthur O'Neil. 
 J. Brady. 
 Robt. Breading. 
 Danl. Egan. 
 Wm. Doyle. 
 
 (Not identified.) 
 Samuel Neville. 
 Tudor & Whitford. 
 Wm. Ward. 
 Gust’v's Byrne. 
 
 Terry & Williams 
 
 (of Cork). 
 
 Saml. Neville. 
 
 Joseph Johnson. 
 
 Robt. Breading. 
 
 Jas. Le Bass. 
 
 (Not identified.) 
 
 Chas, Stewart. 
 Ww. Nowlan. 
 {rR Hamy & 
 i. Smith. 
 P. Moore, 
 Wm. Rose. 
 John  Pittar. 
 Jas. Scott. 
 Wm. Law. 
 John = Nicklin. 
 Phineas Garde (Cork). 
 Ss. Bergin. 
 Danl. Egan, 
 Randall Cashell. 
 James Moore. 
 WwW Cummins. 
 
 Sir N. W. Brady. 
 ae Read. 
 
 My Buckton, 
 Jas. Le Bass. 
 Jas. Fry.t 
 
 J. Salter (Cork). 
 Edwd. Murray. 
 
 (82 
 
 1822 
 1823 
 1824 
 r 1825-6 
 1826-7 
 1827-8 
 1828-9 
 1829-30 
 WM. IV, 
 1830-1 
 1831-2 
 
 1832-9 
 1833-4 
 {834-5 
 1835-4 
 1896-7 
 VICT. 
 1837-8 
 1838-9 
 1839-40 
 1840-4 
 1841-2 
 1842-3 
 1849-4 
 {44-5 
 {845-6 
 
 HIBER- 
 Bila, 
 
 @ 
 
 SAsses : 
 
 AUCHEASIOL SSSBgaataaos Ooo 
 
 ~~ 
 < 
 
 Soe 
 
 99 
 
 TABLE X. 
 
 DA 
 
 HA 
 
 KING'S MAKER’ 
 MARK, 
 
 TE RP 
 LETTER, CROWNED. .HEAD.: 
 
 A) 
 
 ” 
 9? 
 
 9” 
 
 ~~ 
 ~~. 
 
 ed > Wee 
 
 ~~ 
 ~ 
 
 LAW 
 
 = 
 ) 
 
 HOoowwoo : 
 
 . 
 ~ 
 
 ~~ 
 - 
 
 2 GH Fe BRGH SESREGPSeeb ae eke Baa 
 
 n 
 we 
 a 
 
 a ee A * ‘ 
 
 © : 
 
 os 
 ~~ 
 
 92 
 
 ~ 
 ~ 
 —_S oS 
 
 BA BERBER BEE & 
 
 i) 
 J 
 np 
 o 
 
 195 
 
 MAKER’S NAME, 
 
 M. West & Sons. 
 Wm Morgan. 
 
 E. Crofton. 
 
 Je Buckton, 
 Wm, Law. 
 
 Edwd. Power. 
 
 Jas. Fray. 
 
 Saml. Neville. 
 Saml. Beere. 
 
 Wm. _‘Teare.? 
 Richd. Garde (Cork). 
 Ald'm'n West (& Co.). 
 ve Smith. 
 
 Chas Marsh. 
 
 fa Read. 
 
 Edwd. Twycross. 
 Hy. Flavelle. 
 
 L. Nowlan. 
 Chas. Marsh. 
 
 D. Moulang & 
 W. Gibson, 
 Smith & Gamble, 
 Edmd. Johnson. 
 Richd, Sawyer, jr. 
 Tr; Farnett. 
 
 P. Moore. 
 
 Hy. Flavelle. 
 Thos. Meade. 
 Edmd. Johnson. 
 
 L. Nowlan? 
 Wm Sherwin. 
 
 PR. Weeks? 
 
 J. ' Moore, 
 
 Wm, = Sherwin. 
 Richd. Garde (Cork). 
 Josiah Low. 
 
 Smith & Gamble. 
 
 Hughes & Francis. 
 
 Peter Walsh, 
 
 E. & J. Johnson. 
 
 L. Nowlan, 
 Ga Alcock, 
 
 John Warren. 
 Jas, Le Bass. 
 HE Francis, 
 Geo. West? 
 
 Mich]. Nowlan, 
 aT. Gamble, 
 
 t Joseph Johnson. 
 
 {The tax on silver plate enacted in England in 1784 did not apply in Ireland until after the Act of Union (1800) and does 
 not appear to have been enforced until 1807. 
 
196 
 
 Marks on Dublin Plate 
 
 tones XI. 
 
 BIBER. DATE HARP QUEEN'S - 
 LETTER.CROWNED. HEAD. M 
 
 816- : a |/8)0 . 
 
 1847-8 
 
 MAKER’S NAME, 
 
 Joseph Johnson. 
 
 HE Mahoney. 
 Thos, Mason, 
 
 Cc. Cummins, jr. 
 4848-9 | »» ae Ae Wm. Lawson, 
 R. Samuel. 
 
 1849-50] »» 
 1850-1 |» 
 1861-2 |» 
 
 - 
 
 . 
 ~ 
 <- 
 
 Donegan & Co. 
 
 Gamble. 
 Henry Filavelle. 
 
 - 
 = 
 - 
 
 Joseph Needham, 
 Ann Cummins, 
 
 88 EG re FE ze 
 
 ~ 
 - 
 ft 
 
 GARDNER _ Gardner. 
 
 1852-38 | ” Te Smyth. 
 R. Sherwin. 
 
 1853-4) Aso Se Topham & White. 
 
 1854-5 ” Michael Keating. 
 1855-4 |» 
 1856-7 | 
 1857-8 |» 
 1858-9 | ,, 
 1860-60] +» 
 4860-4 | +» 
 1861-2 | ,, 
 1862-3 | 4» 
 4863-4 | 9 
 18845 | 
 1865-6 | +s 
 1806-7 | ., 
 1867-8 | »» 
 1868-9 | 4. 
 1369-70 
 1870-1 | + 
 
 Cummins, 
 
 foe 8 fas 
 
 WwW. Atcheson. 
 
 = 
 < 
 
 Donegan & Co. 
 Arthur Johnson, 
 
 J. R. Neill. 
 NEILL Do. do, 
 
 Ga 
 
 Samuel Le Bass, 
 
 Wm, Percival. 
 W.&I. Percival. 
 
 E. Powell, 
 
 (JK; J. } Keating. 
 EAR E, & J. Johnson, 
 John Smyth. 
 
 Nis Je Scriber. 
 
 RYAKSO Ryan & Co, 
 
 Jas. West, 
 RHUUSE Waterhouse & Co, 
 
 Francis Martin, 
 
 A, Hutton. 
 
 BrurxeR | Thos. Brunker, 
 
 iP.) Patk. Donegan. 
 WL} Wm. Lawson, 
 
 Edmd. Johnson, jr. 
 iM 1) Mars. ‘Trench. 
 
 MT 
 29 or) Wm. Lawson. 
 
 cedddssGsccesacaossnoseae 
 ae 
 
 9 oe TDB T.D. Bryce, 
 
 ‘ poy: 
 
Marks on Dublin Plate 197 
 
 4 | TABLE XII. 
 
 a, 
 
 ee _ FROM JUNE, 1871, TO JUNE, I1896—TWENTY-FIVE YEARS. 
 
 a FIVE STAMPS TILL 1890, THENCEFORWARD FOUR, AS BELOW: The date marks being plain block 
 
 letters in plain shields. 
 
 HIBER- TRE . HARP QUEENS MAKER‘ y : 
 pet BATE 9 opti ARE QUEEN’ AKER'G MAKER'S NAME AND DATE OF REGISTRATION OF MARK. 
 
 ie Wickham. (1871). 
 Weir & Rogers. 
 
 1811-2 
 1812-3 
 {813-4 
 {814-5 
 1815-6 
 (816-7 
 (871-8 
 1878-9 
 1819-80 
 1880-4 
 {881-2 
 
 1889-9 
 1883-4 
 1884-5 
 {885-6 
 {886-7 
 (887-8. 
 1888-9 
 1889-90 
 1890-4 
 1801-2 
 {892-3 
 1899-4 
 1894-5 
 4896-6 
 
 John Donegan, (1872). 
 
 Wm. Egan & Son (of Cork). 
 
 Ignatius Cummins, 
 
 McDowell | Bros. 
 Do. do. 
 & Son. (1877). 
 
 Le Redmond. (1876). 
 
 West & Son. (1879). 
 
 O’Connor & Dillon. (1880). 
 
 Edmond Johnson. (1881). 
 Do. do. (1882). 
 
 Wm. Carty. (1881). 
 Henry Hopkins. (1883). 
 
 Danl. Moulang. 
 
 Winder & Lamb. 
 
 Frengley Bros. (1885). 
 Austin & Co. (1886). 
 
 M. Anderson. (1887). 
 Jas. E. Pim. ” 
 
 Thomas Barton. (1871). 
 Fredk. Hill. (1889). 
 Wm. Quinlan. (1888). 
 Joseph Fray. ; (1889). 
 
 Henry L. Stewart (of Limerick). a 
 
 r 
 
 Sharman D. Neill (of Belfast). (1890). 
 
 Hopkins & Hopkins. (1883). 
 Jas.: Mosiey (Waterford). (1892). 
 C. Harris (Coventry). (1893). 
 Edmond Johnson. ss 
 Chas. Howard Lawson. (1894). 
 Kane & Gunning me 
 Richard Dillon (Waterford). 5, 
 Charles Lamb. (1893). 
 Chancellor & Son. (1895). 
 
 pmela = @ esaeés § 8B Gace 
 
 val 
 rg 
 a 
 
 aagqqqqqagqnoqcgcaaacacaadadadca 
 
 (?) 
 & 
 u 
 
 ) 
 A ts 
 
198 
 
 1896-7 
 1897-8 
 
 1898-9 
 rm) 
 1900 
 1900-1 
 EOW. Vil. 
 1901-2 
 
 1902-3 
 1903-4 
 1904-5 
 1905-6 
 1900-7 
 1907-8 
 1908-9 
 1909-10 
 
 £Q10-1 
 IQII-2 
 
 1912-3 
 
 1913-4 
 
 1914-5 
 
 1915-6 
 
 Marks on Dublin Plate 
 
 TABLE XIII. 
 
 — DATE HARP MAKER’S NAME AND DATE OF REGISTRATION OF MARK, 
 
 LETTER. CROWNED. 
 
 QBSOSHSOSLSSS2S ecessse 
 
 WIBER- DATE H 
 Nik, ULBTTER. CRO 
 
 Richards & Walsh, (1895). 
 John Morton. \ (1896). 
 
 Gibson, Ltd. (Belfast): (1897). 
 (1898). 
 
 Valentine. ” 
 W. J. Gethings. a4 
 Chas. Howard Lawson. (tg00), 
 
 Langley Archer West. de 
 
 Henderson & Thompson (Belfast). + 
 McCutcheon & Donaldson (Belfast), (1901). 
 
 West & Son. (1902). 
 
 es 
 226 
 
 x 
 
 1 & 
 
 x 
 
 @ ola ogeo8e a 
 
 j. E. Byrne (Belfast). (1909). 
 
 —— Jameson, 
 Russell Ltd. (Manchester). 
 A. Duffner (Tipperary). 
 Finnegans Ltd. (Manchester). 
 Elkington & Co, (Birmingham). 
 W. Egan & Sons (Cork), 
 wee Neill (Belfast). 
 Youghal Art Metal Works Co, 
 
 Faller (Galway). 
 
 McDowell. 
 
 Cromer (Limerick). 
 
 & Wheeler (London). 
 
 TABLE XIV. 
 
 FOUR STAMPS AS BELOW, 
 
 wire, “GARR MAKER'S NAME AND DATE OF REGISTRATION OF MARK. 
 Will Stokes. (tgro). 
 
 M. Waldron (Skibbereen).. 
 
 Jas. Ramsay (Dundee). 
 
 R. Sharman, 
 
 Crichtor Bros. (London). 
 
Marks on Dublin Plate 
 
 199 
 SUPPLEMENTARY MARKS. 
 DATE, MARKS, MAKER’S NAME, ARTICLES AND Birt a: 
 1663-4 Abel = Ram. Spoon, with flat stem, trefoil end: 
 
 National Museum, Dublin. 
 
 Philip Tough. | Cylindrical ftankard, domed top: 
 Mr. Nyburg. 
 
 Wm. Archdall. | Small salver: Mr, Arthur Irwin 
 Dasent. 
 
 Sutton? | Tankard: Noted by Mr. Dudley 
 Westropp. 
 
 Robert Holmes. | Table-Spoon, Hanoverian pattern: 
 Mr. Dudley Westropp. 
 
 Will. Walsh. Do. do.: Do. do. 
 Jane  Daniell.,; | Salver: Mr, Arthur Irwin Dasent. 
 
 Sauce boat, with date-letter @ as in 
 ‘Table VI.: Mr. Dudley Westropp. 
 
 ‘ee date letter (but date about 1750), Paten: Donabate. The com- 
 
 ——, 
 
 - @G@@@aese g 
 FEFO Sc OB RS 
 
 Sutton:, 
 
 munion cup pertaining to it is dated 1751 
 Also on edeh ladle with D for 1750: Noted by Mr. tie Westropp. 
 
 QS: oe 
 GD: GBS} GY GH GD 
 
 John Garrett. 
 
 Abraham Voisin. James Walker. 
 
 Robert Smith, 
 
200 Marks on Dublin Plate 
 
 Supplementary List of Dublin Silversmiths. 
 TABLE I. TABLE II. TABLE III. 
 
 MAKER'S NAME, DATE, MARK, MAKER'S NAME. DATE. MARK, NAME OF MAKER, 
 
 1706 Thos, Bolton, 
 John Woodcocke. x Mary __ Barrett. 
 
 Lal 
 
 “Nr 
 
 y 
 
 ~ 
 
 a 
 EB 
 
 1710 Henry Sherwin. 
 
 % 
 = 
 
 Francis Coffee 
 
 or Clifton. Thos. Wheeler. 
 
 1710-2, Thos. Bolton? || 
 
 Edward Swan, Peter Racine. 
 
 J. Pennyfather 
 or J. Palet? 
 
 1728-9 
 Lawrence Salmon. 
 1712-4 
 
 John Seager. 1729 Esther Forbes, 
 
 1715 Geo, Smart. 
 
 John Phillips. Thos. Sutton, 
 
 Ed. Dowdall, 
 
 John Cuthbert. 
 E 1730-1 Geor Cross. 
 1715-6 Mark Twelves, " 
 
 (Not identified.) 1716-7 Geo. Cartwright. 
 
 & 
 BBB BP BEODe Oia 
 
 W. Bell, 
 
 Stanley ? 1717-8 Dorothy Monjoy. 
 
 Thos. Iker, ; 
 1718-9 os. Walker Matthew Alanson. 
 
 16: 
 
 oo 
 @ 
 © 
 © 
 e 
 g 
 Dy 
 s 
 
 DO 
 @ 
 al 
 T-S) 
 
 ‘Mallory. 
 
 1719-20 Arthur Weldon. 
 
 Lyng. Erasmus Cope. 
 
 1720 Thos. Racine. 
 
 John Gumly. 
 Mackay, 1722-3 Ed, ‘Fitzgerald. 
 
 . Isaac  D‘Olier. 
 1723-4 
 Sumpner, 
 
 -| Thos, Maculla? 
 
 908 c6G0@-aSe: 
 
 Phillip Kinnersly. 
 ” 7 ye ; Anthony Lefebure. 
 
 ” TR: W) Ralph Woodhouse. 
 
 John Sale. 
 Barrett. 
 Robt. Pilkington. 
 
 Hartwell, 
 
 ot 
 rene ® 
 io oye? 
 oz 
 
 Matt, Copeland. 
 
 eee: 
 ~ 
 . 
 . 
 ° 
 : 
 
 1737-8 John _— Freebough. 
 
 GBKaa®O 
 
ace 
 
 win” 
 
 sre ee 
 
 ——" 
 
 ‘ 
 
 PE ee ee! he ae 
 
 & 
 
 Marks on Dublin Plate 
 
 Supplementary List of Dublin Silversmiths.—Continued. 
 
 TABLE IV. 
 
 NAME OF MAKER, 
 
 Thos. de Limarest. 
 
 | Peter Desenard. 
 
 Jas. Champion? 
 
 John Letablere. 
 Burton. 
 
 Sutton. 
 
 Cc. 1740 ? Henry Jago. 
 
 Bean @eebee 
 
 |" 
 ” & Bart’mew Stokes, 
 
 » (Cae | Ve Walsh. 
 
 c. 1750 (3) Joseph Taafe. 
 
 1751 Nathan Murray. 
 mCP 
 se WB Wm. - Betagh. 
 
 Pittar. 
 
 1743-4 | Wm. Bonynge. 
 “ay GO Robt. Calderwood. 
 1745 'G B) George Beere. 
 ” Robt. Glanville, 
 1746 Tin John Hamilton ? 
 Faucett ? 
 
 EABLE V; 
 
 @ 88 bp & @ 
 
 A 
 
 . < 
 Bee 8 eiea8 sage ag 
 
 MAKER'S NAME.- 
 
 Edward Raper. 
 
 Robt. Calderwood. 
 or Cope. 
 
 Hy. Waldron. 
 
 Michael Fowler. 
 vie 
 
 Wm. Williamson. 
 
 Christr. Skinner. 
 
 See 1754 above. 
 
 John Moore, Jr. 
 
 John Dawson. 
 
 Ralph Vizard? 
 
 Wm. French. 
 
 Wm. Townsend. 
 
 Jno. Williamson. 
 
 Benj. Wilson, 
 
 Abraham Tuppy. 
 
 George Hall. 
 
 John Karr. 
 
 John Locker ? 
 
 201 
 
 TABLE VI. 
 
 a 
 
 DATE. 
 
 1780 
 
 c. 1780 
 
 1780-5 
 
 1785 
 
 | 1792 
 
 1795 
 
 Cc. 1795 
 
 c. 1797 
 "1798 
 1800 
 
 1800-1 
 
 ” 
 
 1807 
 
 1810 
 
 1811 
 
 1812 
 
 9 
 
 1815 
 
 @zeeue 
 
 K4 
 > 
 7 
 wa 
 
 BQEE 
 
 a 
 go 
 ac) 
 = 
 
 BSEBe#Q cbs 
 
 MAKER’S NAME, 
 CO 
 
 Hugh O'Hanlon 
 or Owen Hart ? 
 
 Oweri Cassidy. 
 
 Alex. Barry ? 
 
 Barnaby Dela: 
 hoyde ? 
 
 Dan. Egan? 
 Michael Homer ? 
 
 NBR os 
 
 Thos. Tudor. 
 
 John Brooks? 
 
 Saml. Teare. 
 
 John Bolland. 
 
 John Daly? 
 Clarke & West. 
 7Eneas Ryan. 
 Richard Sawyer. 
 
 John Teare. 
 
 fe Henzell ? 
 
 Richard Whitford. 
 
202 Marks on Dublin Plate 
 
 , 
 
 The following marks of Dublin goldsmiths have been reproduced from a 
 pewter plate preserved in the Dublin Assay Office. The marks were in use 
 1765-1812. 
 
 Cy 
 ™ 
 te 
 
 Robt. Atkinson? 
 
 | Will. Stafford ? 
 
 ps 
 
 Richard & D’Olier. 
 
 Jeremiah 
 Joseph Nixon, John _Ebbs. 
 John = Austin. Robert Breading. 
 John Clarke. 
 Thos. Farley. Joshua Emerson, George Nangle. 
 
 Joseph Jackson. 
 
 GS oeeegag | 
 
 James Hadmill. 
 Geo, Alley. 
 
 James Kenzie, 
 
 Saml. _—_ Reily (Cork). 
 
 2 
 c 
 Bs 
 re 
 
 Will. Digby ? 
 
 John Keene. Geo. Thompson, Jerome Alley? 
 
 James Jones. 
 
 & John Dalrymple. 
 
 | Thos. Williamson. 
 
 Hee 6@e8e8e8 
 
 Will Beere. 
 
 A: OE 
 
 es] | Mark M’Cloughlin. 
 
 M 
 a 'eore, | Wm. Fitzgerald T Thos, Martin, 
 
 ent. M 
 (ey) | John = Coleman. fro ig Ww Will. Johnson. 
 Michael Byrne. 7 CG | Alex. Ticknell. 
 Walter Peter. Ambr'se Nicklin, IO) John Osborne, 
 Chas. Dowdall, PEN : HN Henry Nicholson. 
 Thos, Cooksey. THM) RT 
 James Jones, J. Nicolson 
 
 (Cork). 
 S’‘R |Saml. Reily (Cork). 
 
 Wm. Keene, H&H_ | Hopper & Hannay. 
 
 James Jones? 
 
 @ 2s BEGEBSERRBEREOE sBEBEE 
 
 Reegah 6 
 
 ——— 
 
 Christr, Clarke ? IG! 
 IOWg | Jacob West. Thos. Hunt? 
 T-M| La’rence Martin 
 (Kilkenny). Gy George Nangle, 
 PF 
 
Marks on Dublin Plate 203 
 
 Marks found on a pewter plate, continued, 1765-1812. 
 
 = 
 > 
 a 
 bas 
 = 
 > 
 i] 
 aw 
 
 (Cork). Will Ward. 
 
 te 
 rd 
 
 Thos. Sly. 
 
 Q 
 
 Joseph Johnson. Arthur Murphy, 
 James Campbell? 
 
 James Mills? Isaac Davis? 
 
 oe 
 oe Fredk. Buck, 
 = a’eeed | Will. Hughes? BT Benjn. Tait. Samuel Taylor. 
 4 ‘ Ga Peter Wingfield. | Randall Cashell ? 
 a FW G! Will. Gethin ? Thos. Adams. ° Wm. Hannay ? 
 - John - Tweedie? Gy 
 “a R's] Robt. O’Shaughnessy TR} Thos, Rome. John Lloyd. 
 ee (Limerick). 
 B;: James Hewitt? DP) 
 BS John West? Randall Cashell ? Will French. 
 si JR} J’n’th’n Robinson ? CIEE | Joseph Gibson 
 
 Wm. Law? Ww Matt. West & Son. 
 Will. Hamey? 5 Jas. Connor? TG 
 Thos. Baker ? 
 
 E 
 td 
 
 LWwH) 
 SINGLETON Singleton. ohn” Bolland? 
 1 Thomas Townsend, 
 
 THE FOLLOWING MARKS, WHICH ARE STAMPED, ON A COPPER-PLATE OF LATER DATE, RANGE FROM 
 ABOUT 1813 TO ABOUT 1850. 
 
 | | a 
 BOBQsBHOP 
 
 G 
 
 Henry Lazarus. John Townsend. 
 
 Wm. H. Townsend. 
 Wm. Nelson. 
 
 z SE we 
 BEBB EE 
 
 Ss. Bergin. 
 J-MOORE | James Moore. 
 
 * Moore. SGT bhlas joy 
 
 —— Boyle. 
 Edwd. Murphy. 
 
 BSG GERBES BB 
 
 BE e 
 
DATE 
 
 (ABOUT). 
 
 1662 
 
 1663 
 
 1670 
 
 1673 
 
 1679 
 
 1680 
 
 f§ 8H agG 
 i> -@ ms oa ES GB 
 
 8 
 OS 688 G6 
 
 G 
 Beg 
 
 SAR oOpmese eG 
 
 TABLE GE 
 
 MAKER’S MARK, 
 
 Be 
 
 @&: wp 
 Bhima eeag 
 
 @ : Se: 
 
 zie: 
 
 z 
 
 6 g 
 Jers be 
 
 a 
 cy 
 
 Bum & 
 
 “ea 
 
 CHAPTER XX 
 Marks on Cork Plate 
 
 No date letter was ever used at Cork. The dates are approximate. 
 
 MAKER’S NAME. 
 
 nN 
 
 James Ridge. 
 
 (Not identified). 
 
 Walter Burnett. 
 
 James Ridge. 
 
 Richard Smart. 
 
 Samuel Pantaine. 
 
 Walter Burnett. 
 
 (Both marks repeated). 
 
 John Hawkins. 
 
 Do. do. 
 
 Robert Goble. 
 
 Do. do. 
 Do. do. 
 
 Webb. 
 
 Goble. 
 Do. do. 
 Burnett. 
 
 Walter 
 
 Robert Goble. 
 
 Do. do. 
 
 Charles Bekegle. 
 
 Robert Goble. 
 Anthony Semirot. 
 
 Robert Goble. 
 
 William Clarke. 
 
 DATE 
 (ABOUT). 
 
 1709 
 
 1702-29 
 
 1709 
 
 1710 
 
 1710-20 
 1712 
 
 1715-25 
 
 ” 
 
 1720-30 
 
 ay 
 
 %” 
 ” 
 
 1720-34 
 
 “TABLE 1b 
 
 MAKER’S MARK. 
 
 ® BB 
 
 aD 
 
 wy 
 exe i ewe in 
 na @ 8 son 
 
 RO Rm 
 
 iq som 
 
 ee 
 
 AVGMISTERLING) 
 
 me 
 ci 
 verlsg 
 
 T@ . 
 CC 
 WCE 
 
 ap canaaS = 
 
 , 
 
 ED STERLING 
 
 EE 
 
 MAKER’S NAME, 
 
 Adam ___ Billon. 
 
 Brumley, 
 Wigmore.(?)* 
 
 Clarke. 
 
 Robert Goble. 
 
 John  Rickotts 
 
 Robert Goble. 
 
 Robert Goble, Junr | 
 
 William Clarke. 
 
 Caleb Rotheram. 
 
 William Clarke, { 
 
 1" ” 
 
 Bernald Baldwin. 
 
 }wm. Newenham, | 
 
 Edward Dunsterfield, 
 
 William Newenham. 
 
 Not identified—berhaps 
 
 not Cork). 
 
5 ; 1730 
 
 1730-40 
 
 ere: 
 
 ” 
 1730-40 
 1731 
 
 1740 
 
 ”» 
 
 1740-50 
 
 1745-70 
 
 ’ 
 
 TABLE III. 
 
 MAKER’S MARK. 
 
 | ISTE LTNG) 
 I H@BSTERLINGMMT Hi 
 
 & cs @ 
 
 (G-H Ms reriinc) 
 Gn 0 a 
 D> 
 
 STARLING G cH] 
 
 IGHJsTERLINc GH) 
 
 GeHIGHEGHEG#H) 
 
 Marks on Cork Plate 
 
 MAKER’S NAME. 
 
 \ Thomas Lilly. 
 
 Reuben Millard. 
 
 Wm. 
 
 William Bennett. 
 
 John Harding? 
 Caleb Rotheram. 
 John Harding? 
 Robt. Goble, jr.? 
 
 Christr. Parker. 
 William Martin. 
 
 Do. do. 
 
 Reuben Millard. 
 
 William Bennett 
 or Wm. Bentley. 
 
 Thomas Bull. 
 George Hodder. 
 Do. do. 
 
 William Bennett 
 or Wm. Bentley. 
 
 ooo See 
 } Anthony Semirot. 
 
 George Hodder. 
 
 Do. do. 
 \ Do. do 
 
 *Do. do. 
 { 
 
 Newenham, 
 
 DATE 
 (ABOUT). 
 
 TABLE IV. 
 
 MAKER’S NAME. 
 
 IR-P) 
 TTI CIRISH ME IT 
 
 Yer STERLING 
 i) 
 
 o> aa 
 i sms (1 
 
 WR 
 
 ca @F3 cme 
 ee STERLING ] 
 WR 4B 
 
 Ri) cx 
 m 
 
 FEN axxo SN 
 
 @ sama 
 
 STERLING 
 
 PSTN 
 
 PWALS H] 
 [STERLING] 
 
 205 
 
 MAKER’S NAME. 
 
 } Stephen Broughton. 
 
 Robt. Potter, 
 
 John Irish, 
 
 Do. do. (?) 
 
 Michael McDermott. 
 
 Michael McDermott. 
 
 Do. do. 
 
 Stephen Walsh, 
 
 Croker Barrington. 
 
 } Stephen Walsh. 
 
 do. 
 
 do. 
 
 do. 
 
 do. 
 
 Stephen Mackrill. 
 
DATE 
 
 (ABOUT). 
 
 1760-80 
 
 9 
 
 99 
 
 1760-85 
 1765-95 
 
 1770 
 
 ” 
 
 ” 
 
 206 
 
 TABLE V. 
 
 MAKER’S MARK. 
 
 STARLING CB. 
 CB] 
 TH ISTERLING) 
 
 Gp aw 
 TTAPerccinclT AY 
 
 EXD Storting 
 &) som 
 
 ISTER] 
 
 IN GuoTED 
 [LN SEE RLING) 
 Gy 
 
 TEN ICOLSON) 
 (59) comm (87) 
 fon 2 
 T-H STERLING) 
 
 C:B 
 
 eal cme 
 SC 
 S-* ne 
 GS » 
 sTIMeINe 
 
 Marks on 
 MAKER’S NAME. 
 } Daniel McCarthy? 
 
 Do, do. 
 Croker Barrington. 
 
 Do do. 
 John illery.* 
 Caiden Terry. 
 
 John Irish. 
 Michael McDermott. 
 Do. do, 
 Sieh (free Pleat 
 John’ Nicolson. 
 
 Do. do. 
 
 Do. do. 
 
 Do. do, 
 Peter. Wills, 
 Carden Terry. 
 
 John Humphreys, + 
 
 Do. do. 
 Joseph Kinselagh. 
 John Hillery,* 
 Carden Terry. 
 
 (Not identified.) 
 Samuel Reily. 
 
 Jno. & Sam. Nicolson. 
 
 } thomas Cumming. 
 
 C ork Plate 
 
 DATE 
 (aBouT). 
 
 1770-80 
 
 1770-99 
 
 1777 
 1810 
 
 ” 
 
 ~~ 
 
 ” 
 
 1790 
 1800 
 
 1795 
 
 TABLE VI. _ 
 
 MAKER’S MARK, 
 
 WM HESTERC] | | 
 NICOLSON STERLING | John Nicolson. | 
 
 'S.R | Samuel Reily. 
 
 S-‘R STERLING | vo. 
 , 
 REILY STEALING 
 
 i 
 GRE srenuixe GG | 
 STERL® 
 STERLING Thomas Donnall 
 &y 99 as dks . Siealaa 
 (4 sTeRLine “Gibsc 
 R:S STERLING 
 R-S 
 ms » is 
 
 gamma ~SHEEHAN 
 SHEEHAN ’. 
 
 SHEEHAN 
 STERLING 
 
 } Richard Stevens. 4 
 
 a 
 
 WT STERIL 
 Cay smn 
 * 
 
 WT sD 
 
 eo eTer.¢ 
 
sae Marks on Cork Plate 207 
 
 TABLE VII. : ASE LLL, 
 
 Gasct) MAKER’S MARK . MAKER’S NAME. Pee) MAKER’S MARK. MAKER’S NAME. 
 GIBSON MSTERLING Joseph Gibson, 
 John Supple. 
 I 
 795 HEY LAND ae William Heyland. 
 
 ve TOLEKEN John Toleken. 
 TT & W] me hate Terry & \ 
 
 John Williams. 
 
 v. STERLING William Teulon. 
 
 e WT = STERLING Do. do. SG STIRLING Samuel Green, 
 : SG 
 : (Not tdentified.) Do do. 
 SG 
 WT v9 William Teulon. Cc:T 
 iw STERLING | Terry & Williams. 
 » ‘TJ Bi (Not identified.) 
 T.MON TJOY By) Th Montjoy. 
 1791 ee John Warner. ext ene 
 8 AN ms jonn'é Nicol 
 1780-99 99 STIRLING Do. do. fcholaa f ica 
 ee 1807-21 CT. ISTERLING| Carden Terry & 
 1795 PI W 4 STERLING Joha Williams. TW Jane Willams. 
 1808-20 °C ETT. ; 
 is STER James Warner. BSTERLING Daniel Corbett, 
 . 1809-30 James Salter. 
 : TW Do do. 
 ” Richard Garde, 
 ; : . Do do. , 
 2 Iw Gagan 4 STERLING Thos, Montjoy. 
 ae sola Tolland. STERLING \ James Conway 
 TE) John Egan, 
 1796 - ‘ : 
 79 STERLING] James Heyland. PSTERI ING Peter —Willls. 
 Ll 
 7 GH) cou fa Be eT OY 
 HEYLAND I SOLOMON STERLING Isaac Solomon. 
 ” Pi) \ James Heyland. TS] ISTERLING] John Seymour. 
 STF RILING) 
 “a Isaac Solomon. 
 ” 7 y 
 LE BRSre a. ina) Jos. _—_ Kinselagh. FS ‘ (Not identified.) 
 . STERLING Phineas Garde. 
 1800 John — Toleken. ir 1 ae ne 
 _ STERLING (Not identified.) CARD EB meueeee Aidavigh The 0s 
 SEYMOUR John Seymour. 
 Ge GIBSON ‘ : yes 
 1800-20 STERLING Joseph Gibson. ie it Sai ee 
 GIBSON ee Edward Hawkesworth, 
 
 (OD:3,008.8 STERLING Francis O’Brien 
 ee 
 
 (Not identified.) 
 
 ” STERLING MEO CRSE ONO 
 
 ” Oe WHELPLY! oe se 
 . PE wie LL y a CY 
 
 Mahony... 
 
CHAPTERex x1 
 Marks of the Minor Irish Guilds 
 
 YOUGHAL. 
 
 DATE : 
 MAKER S NAME, 
 
 ray SD = 
 (ABouT). MAKER S MARK. 
 
 Lawless. 
 
 Sharpe. 
 
 Green. 
 
 do. 
 
 | Bartholomew Fallon of 
 Galway. 
 (Not identified, but poss- 
 ibly Bartholomew 
 Fallon as above.) 
 
 Edward Gillett. 
 
 Austin Beere, 
 
 BELFAST (?) 
 
 D 
 shes MAKER’S MARK. 
 
 ’ 
 (aBouT). MAKER’S NAME, 
 
 Matthew Bellew ? 
 
 GALWAY. 
 
 DATE A 
 MAKER’S MARK. 
 
 (ABOUT). 
 1648 RI 
 1666- . 
 1684 @ g g 
 
 1695 DRI: by RTs -| Richard Joyes. 
 
 do. 
 
 MAKER’S NAME. 
 
 R, Joyes, sen. (?) 
 
 Do. 
 
 Richard Joyes. 
 
 Mark Fallon. 
 
 Do. do. 
 
 208 
 
4 Marks of the Minor Irish Guilds 
 
 209 
 : LIMERICK. 
 TABLE 1. TABLE II. 
 Bou): MAKER’S MARK. MAKER’S NAME. ance MAKER’S MARK. MAKER’S NAME. 
 LB -C) Patrick Connell. 
 IO (2 
 171 ES 18) ES 1:8) Buck, senr. (?) = ¥ Fa F 
 : 8 | Ad Buck. 
 : éD iy ze ibd IM FG) Maurice Fitzgerald. 
 than Buck, 
 eas ISTERLING] eee Toke da, 
 : STE ey } SOE STERLING Do, 
 1730-62 | . ha Day . ab, 
 ross) Kal ao, 
 i ee oe fs be Do. do. 
 : STER guy do. 
 : ” Pi ISTE KLANG] Do. co. 
 ; ra 633 STERLING db do. 
 : . retin Do. do STERLING do. 
 3 i Matt, Walsh, 
 4 1730-75 gz [STERLING] rs Joseph Johns, i ; 
 3 STERLING ps “ 
 = ” T3 PSTERLIN] Do. do. 
 ‘ ~ STERLING Daniel Lysaght. 
 % ’ Do. do. 
 - 
 a . ? Joseph Johns. 
 4 1749-50 1-1] e 
 1750 | same Johns. 1798 Ww STER WW Ward. 
 : ; 1760-85 GM} STERLING} Coa eRe: 1800 STERLING Wm. Fitzgerald. 
 : GM MES TARLING cs er bine RGXE+ STERLING | Do. do. 
 e: 
 1768-80 GF G GF G} Garret Fitzgerald. IRS} <p R°S| Robt. O'Shaughnessy. 
 +s ) 
 * 1770 GM} George Moore, RS Do. do. 
 : 
 Se Ww oS WW Will, Ward. 
 4 1780 as (Not édentified.) WW WW : = 
 Y ISTERLING 
 y ~ tre Do, do. 
 | | 
 178 | Patrick Connell. 
 724 P.C] D> tP.C) [STERLING | Samuel Purdon. 
  _ (~-o ano eo vr * 
 
 1800-13 
 
 9 o> 
 iD & &) & 
 
 Do. do. 
 
 John _—‘ Purcell, 
 
SS of 0 eee 
 
 af oe: Pes, ‘ af 
 210 Marks of the Aor ion Guilds 
 Unascribed Irish Unischbed Marks English 
 Provincial Marks bye Trish 3 
 een MAKER’S MARK. Lene: MAKER’S MARK. _ 
 1574 
 1599 
 - 1660 
 ee 1680 
 
 9 
 Ww & w 
 LW H] 
 @we¢ 
 es 
 
 wa 
 1700 
 
 ” 
 
 3 
 & 
 WwW 
 8 
 
 1720 
 1720-40 M 1730 
 1726 TAN) 
 1740-50 
 WL} 
 e 
 @3 H 
 1770 
 
 wy 
 ItF 
 
 @ * ~ Boman San 
 
 1800 
 
1 ie Sie 
 ‘os ii aed 
 
 4 
 a 
 
 Index 
 
 TO THE MARKS OF ENGLISH, SCOTCH, AND 
 
 IRISH SILVERSMITHS 
 
 Marks comprising two or more letters are indexed under the first letter of the 
 pair or group. Marks composed of intertwined letters are indexed under each 
 letter appearing in the monogram... Devices accompanied by initials are in- 
 dexed under the first initial letter. Marks difficult to identify by a short 
 description must be looked for among the marks themselves. Such marks are 
 few and appear only among the very earliest. Later, initials or names were 
 
 B 
 
 always used. Marks appearing in the form of a cross, e. g., CL are indexed 
 
 under the first of the horizontal line letters (in this case under C). 
 
 GLOSSARY 
 
 Affrontée Facing the spectator. 
 
 Annulet A ring borne as a charge (see Charge). 
 
 Bendwise Lying in the direction of the bend or bends (of a shield or 
 escutcheon). 
 
 Charge Any figure borne on an escutcheon. 
 
 Couped Cut evenly across. Opposed to Erased. 
 
 Dimidiated Cut in half. 
 
 Erased Represented as having been torn across leaving ragged projec 
 tions. 
 
 Incuse Cut in. Grpdsed to “in relief.” 
 
 Moline | A description of ends of a figure divided and turned backward. 
 
 Mullet © A five- or six-pointed star. 
 
 Palewise Divided into four or more equal parts by vertical lines. 
 
 Pattée Spreading toate the extremity, e. g., the arms of a Maltese 
 cross. 
 
 Saltire A cross, both eonbets of which lie diagonally, as a St. Andrew’s 
 cross. Any bearing set obliquely to the sides of an escutcheon. 
 
 Slipped A twig or branch represented as torn from the stalk so as to 
 leave a strip of the bark still clinging to it. 
 
 A, 25, 38, 40, 47, 77, 164, 168, 170, 194, 200. AAA, 183. 
 
 A & Co., 197. AB, 46, 78, 80, 81, 92, 99, 138, 139, 151, 154, 
 
 a, 26, 46. 182. 
 
 AA (in monogram), 170. AB (conjoined), 26, 40, 43, 45, 165, 170, 182, 
 
 AA (linked), 157. 208. 
 
 AA, 91, 93- 
 
 AB (linked), 204. 
 
 2II 
 
Tried Rect Take, ae eee 
 t ns =. Page ey hs” Has 
 
 ABS, 104. 
 
 AC, 29, 81, 82, 93, 975 128, 139, 1575 170, 185, 
 194, 196. 
 
 AC (in monogram), 24, 25, 37- 
 
 AC, 86. 
 
 Acorn, an, 38, 164. 
 
 AD, 59, 69, 167, 168, 183. 
 
 AD (conjoined), 27, 51, 53) 170- 
 AD, 210. 
 
 AE, 17%, 173: 
 
 AER, 201. 
 
 AF, 50, 51, 52, 535 87, 96, 97, 101, 162, 171, 182. 
 AF (conjoined), 60, 172. 
 
 AF 
 
 SG 
 
 AG, 64, 172, 173, 179, 182, 192, 193- 
 AG (conjoined), 82. 
 
 AG, 193. 
 
 AG & CO., 147, 173. ° 
 
 AGR, 138. 
 
 AH, 27, 41, 55, 575 60, 6a, 83, 103, 114, 115, 
 
 116, 128, 147, 151, 167, 173, 174, 196. 
 AH (conjoined), 116, 193, 194, 201, 209. 
 
 wwtate 
 
 Al, 165, 167, 185. 
 A & I, 136. 
 
 AIT, 172. 
 Aitchison, 174. 
 
 Al 
 
 AJ, 101, 196. 
 
 AT, 9. 
 
 A & JZ, 145. 
 
 AJSMF, ror. 
 
 AK, 57, 87, 88, 128, 171. 
 
 AK (conjoined), 24, 25, 37» 395 40 
 AL, 54, 65, 70, 72, 74, 86, 93, 955 975 168, 170, 
 171, 185, 189, 193+ 
 
 AL (conjoined) 170. 
 
 AL, 88 
 
 AL (conjoined), 200. 
 
 ALLEY G, 202. 
 
 AL WL, 94. 
 
 AM, 86, 139, 162, 179, 180, 186, 200, 203. 
 
 “Index to British and Irish M he 
 AM (in monogram), 27, 51, 53s 5. e 
 
 AR Gin poner 170. 
 
 _ AS or SA (in oa 5 st 52 
 
 AS N, 177. 
 
 arks 
 
 A McD, 179, 180. 
 A McL, 187. a 
 A ML (the last two letters conjoined), 18 
 AN, 67, 68, 202. © 
 AN (conjoined), 62, 210, 
 AN (in monogram), 28, 62, 63. 
 AN (in monogram), 181. 
 Anchor, an, 25, 42, 43, 45, Pe 166. oe: 
 between the letters DG, 26, 47; between th 
 letters EC, 191; between the letters ES, 64; 
 between ‘the letters GO, 67; between. the 
 letters II, 64; between the letters RO, 70 
 between the letters RS, 47, 166, 167; between 
 the letters TH, 55; between the letters WA, 
 67, 68; between the letters bbe 793 in — 
 circle, 16708 
 ANe (AN are conjoined), 66, 69, re ae 
 Animal’s head, an, 39, 43, 440 
 AN ; : 
 AN SA, . . 
 AO (in monogram), 97. 
 A &O, 148. ete 
 AO, 85. ice et 
 AON, 194, 195. 
 AP, 88, 100. 
 AT (conjoined), I 3. 
 
 Arbalist, an (a cross in a shield), 24, 136. 
 
 Arrow, an, 24, 363 ‘beewesk the letters V 
 piercing the letter H, a Se 4 Sy 
 
 Arrows, a sheafof,37,. = = = = 
 
 AS, 65, 75, 915 165, 171, 1 85, 0 88,1 
 200, 204,205. ae 
 
 AS (conjoined), 170. eae "3S 
 
 A &S, 131. 
 ASH ne monogram), s 66. cities 
 Ash, 65. ne ) a atlas 
 ASH F, 201. Reet iy 
 
 AS JS AS, tag.0') eee 
 
 AS NA, 98. 7 ahd ae 
 AT, 43, 70, 81, 83, 201, 2 202. 
 
 AT, 182. f : 
 AU, 67, 68, 95, 171, 76 | 
 cates 120. 
 
Index to British and Irish Marks 
 
 AV, 120. : 
 
 AV (conjoined), 46, 199. 
 AV, 87. 
 
 AW (conjoined), 200, 210. 
 Ax, an, between the letters C P, 40. 
 AZ, 173. 
 
 B, 40, 53, 56, 59. 
 
 Bere, 61,07, 101, 162, 191, 192. 
 
 B or JB (in monogram), 51. 
 
 b, 26, 41, 43. 
 
 BA, 65, 68, 69, 71, 72, 73, 745 185. 
 
 Bal Gr75, 526. 
 
 Ba, 126. 
 
 - Ba, 69, 75. 
 
 BA IS, 92. 
 
 Barrel, a (or tun), 23, 35. 
 
 Basket, a, 24, 29. 
 
 Bassinet, a (or helmet), 25, 39. 
 
 BB, 27, 495 50, 755 80, 84, 91, 132, 139, 162, 203, 
 204. 
 
 BB, 84, 94. 
 
 BB (in monogram), 60, 63. 
 
 BB RT, 83. 
 
 BB TR, 85. 
 
 BC, 88, 90, 91, 184, 193, 202. 
 
 BC, 87, 88. 
 
 BC &N, 111. 
 
 BD, 95, 96, 128, 201. 
 
 Ht 49, 60, 00, 71, 72, 73, 76, 80, rog, 125. 
 
 mee 32, 125. 
 
 Be, 67. : 
 
 Bear, a, 45; (passant) below the letters IH, 25, 
 42; (passant) below the letters IM, 27, 48, 50. 
 
 BEGG (in monogram), 27, 54. 
 
 Bell, a, above the letters WB, 92; below the 
 
 letters IP, 26, 46. 
 
 Bellows, a pair of, 39- 
 
 BENTLY, 118. 
 
 BF, 45, 49, 79, 208. 
 
 B&F, 135. 
 
 BG, 30, 81, 83, 86, 88, 95. 
 
 BG, 84, 85. 
 
 BH & H, 148. 
 
 B I, 66, 74. 
 
 Bi, 70, 126, 133. 
 
 Bi, 133. 
 
 Bird, a mark, 25, 27, 37, 38, 39, 4°, 41, 50, 
 53, 86, 114, 156, 164, 165. (See also: Cock, 
 Dove, Eagle, Falcon, Goose, Owl, Peacock, 
 Pelican, Phoenix, Stork, Swan, Wyvern.) 
 
 Bird’s claw, a, 25, 37, 38. 
 
 Bird’s head, a, 23, 35, 210. 
 
 BL, 31, 70, 72, 74) 99, 101, 120, 182, 188. 
 
 BM, 60, 93, 94; 99, 162, 193. 
 
 BN, 29, 76, 123. 
 
 B &N, 178. 
 
 ping 
 
 BO, 69, 70, 72, 74: 
 
 Bolt, a, 48. 
 
 Bolt between letters, GS, 27, 52. 
 
 Boot, a, 24, 37. 
 
 Boots, a pair of, 166. 
 
 Bouget (small bag) or mask, 4o. 
 
 Bow and arrow, 23, 35. 
 
 Bow and arrow between WS, 47, 48. 
 
 Bow below the letters IR, 26, 45. 
 
 Bow between the letters IM, 45. 
 
 Bow over the letters 1B, 43. 
 
 BOYLE, 203. 
 
 BP, 32, 48, 54, 58, 104, 134, 203. 
 
 BR, 29, 65, 66, 74, 76, 151. : 
 
 BR (in monogram), 57. 
 
 Bry 67, 72, 120. 
 
 Br, 65, 67, 68. 
 
 Branch, a, 25, 38, 41, 43, 50; between the let- 
 ters RP, 43. 
 
 BROWN TB, 210. 
 
 BRUNKER DUBLIN, 196. 
 
 BS, 32, 62, 85, 96, 102, 104, 109, 201. 
 
 B &S, 175. 
 
 BS 
 
 Is tron. 
 
 BT, 44, 194, 203. 
 
 BT or TB (in monogram), 46. 
 BU, 69, 73, 109, 133. 
 
 Buckle below the letters IB, 26, 27, 48, 49. 
 Bugle below the letters TH, 44. 
 BULL T, 205. 
 
 Bull’s head, 25, 39, 41. 
 
 Bush in a dotted circle, 166. 
 BUXTON, 131. 
 
 BV, 66, 126. 
 
 BW, 179. 
 
 BW, 43, 75, 83, 201. 
 
 wtsss 119, 166. 
 BY, 29, 87. 
 BW & A, 151. 
 BY, 47. 
 
 C 46, 170. 
 
 C reversed; a cock above, 27, 51. 
 C & CO., 34. 
 
 CA, 63, 80, 81, 99, 182, 210. 
 
 CA or AC (in monogtam), 24, 25, 37. 
 C enclosing A, 65. 
 
 CA (in monogram), §3. 
 
 C enclosing a, 126. 
 
 CA HG, 94, 97. 
 
 Caltrap, a (insect), 25, 40, 41. 
 Cam 
 
 oreit bi 31, 185. 
 
214 
 
 Campanula, a, 38, 39- 
 
 Castle, a, between the letters IC, 27, 57. 
 Cat, a, above the letters TC, 57. 
 
 Catherine wheel, 45. 
 
 CB, 47, 48, 85, 92, 94) 99 1715 1795 204 
 CB (in monogram), 41, 42, 43, 48, 157, 165. 
 C & B, 142. 
 
 CC, 46, 89, 95, 171, 196, 202. 
 
 CC (in monogram), 63, 64. 
 
 CC (linked), 37. 
 
 CC, 90. 
 
 ee, 85, 196. 
 
 CD, 60, 92, 129, 131, 171, 172, 173, 202. 
 
 CD, 185. 
 
 CE, 57, 104. 
 
 CF, 32, 102, 104, 141, 184, 190, 194, 202. 
 
 CF or FC ve monogram), 49. 
 
 CFH, 33. 
 
 CG, 75, 82, 202. 
 
 CH, 30, 31, 53, 65, 67, 68, 70, 71, 80, 82, 83, 
 96, 99, 102, 106, 107, 194, 197. 
 
 CH (in monogram), 106. 
 
 C & H, 189. 
 
 CH, 84, 86, 87. 
 
 Chalice between 4 stars in heart-shaped shield, 
 
 165. 
 
 Cherub’s head, 166; above the letters DI, 65; 
 above the letters WC, 61; below the letters 
 WH, 27, 53: 
 
 CHL, 197. 
 
 CHS, 151. | 
 
 CI, 24, 75, 87, 168. 
 
 CI (in monogram), 26, 43. 
 
 C enclosing I, 26, 44. 
 
 CJ, 138, 143, 187. 
 
 CT, 85. 
 
 CJR, 130, 131. 
 
 CK, 34, 57, 585 59, 60, 61, 81, 97, 203, 210. 
 
 CK (in monogram), 170. 
 
 C & K, 175. 
 
 Gc enclosing K, 59. 
 
 CL, 69, 70, 71, 73s 743 77s 865 1725 193s 197. 
 
 Cc enclosing | py 
 
 cL 
 
 ARE} 
 
 CLARK, 172. 
 
 CL 
 
 TLt 15! 
 
 Clubs, two in a saltire (heart), 45. 
 
 Clubs, two in a saltire between letters BT, 44. 
 
 CM, 55, 81, 93s 94) 107; 1775 186, 190, 1945 195» 
 200, 210. 
 
 CM, 85. 
 
 C enclosing M, 44. 
 
 CO, 29, 50, 61, 65, 68, 71; 77s 79s 80, 81. 
 
 Index to British and Trish Marks 
 
 ~ LIMERICK 
 
 Crown, 24, 25, 41, 116, 209. — 
 
 Co, 68. 
 C enclosing 0, 72. “ 
 Cock or rooster, 26, 27, 42, pe ss x Tl i. 
 COCKBURN, 174. rare 
 Cock’s comb, 39. 
 Cock’s head, a, erased, 23, 35. 
 COK, 210. 
 COLGAN T, 189. ae 
 Collar and jewel, 26. At se 
 Comet below the letters RD, 56. 
 Compasses, pair of, 36, 40, 45. at: 
 Compasses, crossed in a railiane, circle, Whee 
 38. 
 CONWAY, 207. 
 CORBETT, 207. 
 Coronet, a, 24, 36; 37. 
 Coronets, three ducal in pale, 14. 
 Coronets, two count Rng) al 
 COTON, 158. 
 Cox R, g!. Rae. 
 CP, 32; 42; 49» 79, 1045 151, 205, es Re 5 
 CR, 26, 45, 61, 68, 69, 75, 108, 128, 165, 7; 
 174, 204, 205. Rae | 
 CR (in mone 495 165, 170. ers 
 CR, 85, 86 
 C enclosing R, 68. 
 Crab, a, 37. 
 CR 
 DR 
 CR DR CR, 128. : 
 Crescent enclosing raaiiee 34i; ae +36, 
 38, 42, 46, 47, 184; and three mullets, 25 
 enclosing saltire (heart), 44; enclosing 
 letter I, 26, 44; enclosing the letter W 
 41, 42, 43) 44) 453 under the letter T, 
 under the letter W, 24, 378 under the 
 RD, ‘26, 46. 
 Crescents above and below PB, 26, 2, 
 Crescent marks, 38, 168, 210, a: ig 
 
 ems 
 a, 
 
 103, 128, 131. 
 
 es oy 
 CS t 32, 104. sy ek 
 CRICHTON J,174 
 CROMER Kt oo 
 
 Cross couped, 26, 40, 43, 166; Pee 6: 
 166; grasped by a hand, 25, 38, 393 
 (intaglio), 23) 245 353 10 dotted circle bet 
 four pellets, 164; moline, crowned, 3 
 tée, 23, 353 raguly, incuse, 164; sal 
 St. Andrew’s cross), 187; in a shield 
 list), 24, 36; within a 7 26. 
 
 Crown and rose, 24, 36, 165. _ 
 Crozier between the oe es, 
 
 C 
 ws {33 10S. ee 
 CS, 27, 51, 62, 82, 175, 194 1195, * 
 
Index to British and Irish Marks 
 
 CT, 50, 59, 193, 194, 206. 
 i or TC (in eereain), Ri, G8, 00, 170,171. 
 CT, 92: 
 CTF 
 GF 32, 33, 105- 
 CT & IW, 207. 
 
 T 
 Twi 195) 207- 
 TW( 93: 
 
 Cup, a, covered, 24, 37, 39. 
 CV, 69, 73. 
 
 CW, 30, 56, 94; 9596, 98, 108, 154, 204, 210. 
 
 W 545 164. 
 
 C & W, 174, 201. 
 
 C enclosing W, 44, 79. 
 CY (in monogram), 53. 
 
 Detar, 26, 42, 47, 107, 115, a 200. 
 D, 28, 42, 60, 62, go. 
 DA, 61, 63, 67, 70, 71, 725 745 78- 
 Dagger, hand grasping, 182. 
 Dagger between the letters ID, 28, 61. 
 DB, 60, 61, 95, 174, 191. 
 D & Bei 31; 
 DC, 27, 55, 58, 80, 82, 121, 128, 165. 
 C, 33: 
 D enclosing C, 26, 43, 47, 48. 
 DC, 85. 
 DC, 175. 
 DCF, go. 
 DCR, 179. © 
 DD, 128. 
 DD (linked), 1go. 
 P5873. 
 DD (interlaced), 177. 
 DD) _ 
 TB tras. 
 DE, 67, 68, 172, 195, 201. 
 DE BA, 6s. 
 DERMOTT, 205. 
 Maes 2. <4 187. 
 
 DF 
 
 INS 187. 
 
 DG, 26,.47, 58, 62, 86, 177, 186. 
 DG (in monogram), 170. 
 
 DH, 29, 83, 91, 151. 
 
 DH (in monogram), 170. 
 
 br & Co., 147. 
 
 DH, 86. 
 
 215 
 
 DH RH, 30, 93. 
 
 DI, 49, 65, 66, 80. 
 
 DI or ID (in monogram), 165. 
 Di, 77, 78. 
 
 D & JS, 174. 
 
 DK, 75, 172, 189, 192, 193, 194. 
 D enclosing K, 200. 
 
 DL, 55; 82, 83, 128, 209. 
 
 LG 152 
 
 DM, 30, 94, 185, 195, 197, 200, 203. 
 
 DM (in monogram), 171. 
 
 D & M, 173. 
 
 DM, 9°, 173. 
 
 DMC, 206. 
 
 DmcG, 174. 
 
 DO, 67, 68. 
 
 DOLLAR, 206. 
 
 DOUGLAS, 183. 
 
 Dove, holding an olive branch, 43; holding an 
 olive branch below HN, 27, 53. 
 
 DP, 31, 88, go, 102, 194, 203. 
 
 DP in monogram, 170. 
 
 DP, 194. 
 
 DPW, 90. 
 
 DR, 27, 51, 
 79> 
 
 Dragon between letters TF, 45. 
 
 Dragons’ heads (3) each holding a crosslet in 
 its mouth, 156. 
 
 DS, 88, go, 166. 
 
 DS (in monogram), 120. 
 
 DSS, 151 
 
 DS 
 
 BS 
 
 DS BS IS, 102. 
 
 DS 
 
 RS 93+ 
 
 DS 
 
 RS 99: 
 
 DS RS, 29, 30, 94; 96. 
 
 DSK, 167. 
 
 DT, 78. 
 
 Du, 133. 
 
 DUFFNER A 
 
 TIPPERARY ae 
 
 DUN 
 
 tas. 
 
 52, 53> 54, $7, 130, 131; 164, 
 
 DEE 
 
 DU 
 
 NH ¢ 10: 
 
 DV, 164. 
 
 DF 27. 
 
 DW, 27, 48, 50, 63, 77> 81, 84, 102. 
 D&W, 196. 
 
 D enclosing W, 152. 
 
 DV, 56, 86. 
 
 DM, 85, 89. 
 
216 
 
 DW) _ 
 
 IF. t G0 
 
 DY, 77. 
 
 DY (in monogram), 26. 
 
 EF, 37, 182. 
 
 E & Co., 174. 
 
 E & Co. Ld., 145. 
 
 FA, 69, 71, 93+ 
 
 A{ 1195 120. 
 
 EA, 84, 
 
 €4, 85, 87, 90 
 
 EA EA, 93. 
 
 Eagle, an, 24, 36, 38, 46. 
 
 Eagle, double Genie: below the letters TS, 
 26, 42, 43. 
 
 Eagle’s head between letters IC, 25, 38. 
 
 EA IS, go. 
 
 EASTON, 118. 
 
 EB, 27, 55, 59, 61, 80, 82, 83, 100, 126, 179, 
 
 193, 202. 
 E & B, 203. 
 EB, 85, 91, 192, 200. 
 €B, 85. 
 
 EB ; 
 JB t 32,105, 
 
 EB," 
 & boa, 105. 
 
 JB 
 
 EC, 49, 57, 61, 68, 78, 795 93> 94s 96, 975 191; 
 193, 195, 200, 202, 210, 
 
 EC (in monogram), 170. 
 
 E enclosing C, 46. 
 
 EC, 88, 89. 
 
 EC (conjoined), 171. 
 
 ec 
 
 he 
 
 ED, 51, 65, 66, 67, 77, 78, 88, 89, 91, 116, 200, 
 204. | 
 
 ED (conjoined), 162. 
 
 ED (in monogram), ee, 
 
 ED, 97- 
 
 ER, 20, 75, 77 
 
 EE, 104, 105. 
 
 EE 
 
 JE (339 105: 
 
 EEJWB, 32, 104. 
 
 EF, 79, 81, 83, 97, 99, 193, 200. 
 
 EP, 86, 87. 
 
 EG, 54, 55, 59, 61, 77, 80, 81, 86, 91, 151, 208. 
 EG (linked), 208. 
 
 EGAN 
 
 ~ CORK §*97 
 
 Index to British and Irish Hess " 
 
 _EH, 47, 48, 56, 60, 74, 88, 117, 2c 
 
 EW, 44 7% 73s 77> 79> 139, 190. oe 2 
 
 EI, 50, 56, 75> 765 955 99 100, 204. 
 EJ, 88, 91, 138, 195, 196, 197, 
 EJ (in monogram), 197. 
 
 FJ 
 
 Bwt 32, 105. 
 EJG, 344, 
 
 E & JJ, 195. 
 
 EJ &WB, 32, 105. 
 EJWJB, 95. 
 
 EK, 62, 138. 
 
 EL, 26, 7 46, 51, 95, 975 172, 185. 
 EL, 61, 85. 
 El, 120, 
 
 mark, I 187. 
 
 a 166. See. 
 EM, 29, 31, 54, 56, 63, 88, 101, 5 102, 35, I 
 195, 203. ; 
 EM ue monogram), 44 57s I iS oan 
 EM, 203. Ree 
 EM & Co., 151. See 
 EN, 138. inane 
 EN (conjoined), 59. 
 En, 79: iS ae 
 EN 
 vas /™ 
 EO, 60, 88, 131, 172. 
 EP, 29, 76, 78, 82, 17% 195 
 EP, 196. 
 
 204. on yn 
 ER (in ene ate “iy a ce 
 ES, 48, 49, 64, 88, 104, 143s 145, 146, 
 
 200, 210. 
 
 ES or SE (in monogram), 25, ae, > 
 ES, 86. » ae 
 Escallop shell, 25, 26, 64 4, - ahs 
 53> 157+ een 
 ESTON, 118. ; 
 Etoile (star or iui II " 16 166. eee: 
 ET, 27, 51, 525 53s 635 ae 945 9%» 96, 143; 
 
 202, oer a es 
 EV, 29, 75576; 79s 80. est 
 EV, 87. 2 
 
 F in an Cal a mark designati ] 
 
 BOG cis 
 een 
 
 33: ee is 
 F, a maker’s sae 27, 395 506 
 
Index to British and Irish Marks 
 — FO, 69. 
 
 F, 26, 48, 49- 
 
 FA, 29, 56, 66, 67, 69, 70, 75, 78. 
 
 F&A, 151. 
 
 Fa, 70, 72, 73: 
 
 Falcon, a, Io1. 
 
 FALLER GALWAY, 198. 
 
 Fal me uth, 161. 
 
 FAN (in monogram), 92. 
 
 FB, 24, 37, 58, 107, 138, 167, 187, 194, 203. 
 
 SB, 127. 
 
 FB 
 
 ND{2°7- 
 
 F BROS, 188. 
 
 FBrs, 148. 
 
 FBs, 197. 
 
 FC, 54, 56, 89, 94, 143, 200. 
 
 FC (in monogram), 49. _ 
 
 PC, 87. 
 
 FC, 49. 
 
 FD, 32, 78, 105, 189. 
 
 FD (in monogram), 28, 61. 
 
 FB, 39 32, 104. 
 
 Fe, 29, 76. 
 
 FELCOX, 169. 
 
 Fetterlock, a, 23, 35. 
 
 FF, 61, 104. 
 
 FG, 57, 58, 78, 190, 192. 
 
 FG (in monogram), 39, 46 
 
 F GARTHORNE, 64. 
 
 FH, 33, 104, 167, 1735 197- 
 
 FHE (in monogram), 59. 
 
 FI, 194. 
 
 Bi,-157. 
 
 FIS, ig. 
 
 Fish, Reet ak, 11%, ce above the lotic LC: 
 58, 89; above the letters TK, 64. 
 
 FI, 201. 
 
 FK, 84, 89. 
 
 F & K, 194. 
 
 FK, 30, 84, 87, 92. 
 
 FL, 52, 54, 69, 71. 
 
 Fleur-de-lis, Boe, 24, 25, 35°97) 305 4ty P52; 
 166. 
 
 Flower, a, 23, 26, 35, 47, 55, 113, 114, 116, 118, 
 119, 165. (See also Rose, Campanula, 
 Quatrefoil, Cinquefoil.) 
 
 _ FM, 196. 
 
 & S203: 
 
 FN, 58, 83, 85. 
 
 FN (in monogram), 79, 92. 
 FO, 68, 70, 75, 120. 
 
 FO (in ‘monogram), 61. 
 
 o17 
 
 Footprint, a, 23, 35- 
 
 FOSTER H, 210. 
 
 Fox, a, 25, 40. 
 
 FP, 53, 82. 
 
 FP, 84. 
 
 FR, 65, 70, 80, 120, 125, 203. 
 
 FR (in monogram), 39. 
 
 Fr, 126. 
 
 Fr, 29, 68, 73, 80. 
 
 Fruit, slipped, 26, 44. 
 
 FS, 27, 44, 56, 57, 58, 82, 86, 94, 97, 131, 207. 
 FS (in monogram), 44, 45. 
 
 FS, 128, 131. 
 
 FSLD, 198. 
 
 FT, 75, 100, 106, 107. 
 
 FT (in monogram), 26, 44. 
 
 F enclosing T (in monogram), 25, 39. 
 FV, 120. 
 
 FY, 91. 
 
 FW, 51, 535 $45 $9 99, 193- 
 
 Ww 106. 
 
 FW (in monogram), 26, 44, 45. 
 F & W, 142. 
 
 FWP, 89. 
 
 G, 44, 55. 
 GA, 32, 33, 42, 65, 66, 68, 70, 94, 105, 195. 
 
 $27, .160. 
 
 , 64. 
 ealieas (ship in full sail), 204. 
 G ALLEY, 202. 
 GARDE, 207. 
 GARDNER, 196. 
 Gate, a, 23, 35, 182, 183. 
 Gate, a, below the letters BY, 47. 
 GB, 29, 52, 75, 76, 79, 82, 84, 87, 89, 99; 100, — 
 127, 174, 183, 184, 200, 204. 
 G & B, 202. 
 GB, 84, 127, 197. 
 
 GC, 44, 56, tot, £70, 173, 177; 182, 200. 
 GC & Co., 147. 
 
 GC, 89. 
 
 GC, duplicated in reverse, 59. 
 
 GCL ix 
 
 GD, 49, 51, 52. 
 
 GE, 83, 185. 
 
TEE kh Be te 
 ee AL ee A “ 
 
 a. uh 
 
 Gemini, the, 23, 35. 
 
 GE & S, 174. 
 
 GF, 33, 63, 94, 105, 122, 123; 167, 19725273; 
 203, 208. 
 
 GF; a swan below, 167. 
 
 GEG, 209. 
 
 GFP, 32, 105. 
 
 GFW, 139. 
 
 GG, 27, 34, 48, 56, 60, 63, 80; 98, 99, 108, 130, 
 
 166, 189, 191. 
 
 GG & Co., 119. 
 
 GH, 30, 80, 81, 83, 88, 90, 93, 94. 149, 151, 
 194, 205. 
 
 GH, 201. 
 
 Gh (in monogram), 170. 
 GH WC, 96, 97, 98. 
 GI, 29, 32, 65, 67, 68, 71, 74, 76, 81, 83, 105. 
 G enclosing I, 70. 
 GI, 86, 93. 
 63, 6s. 
 Gi, 69, 74, 133. 
 Gi, 65. 
 GIBSON, 203, 207. 
 GI 
 177. 
 Giles, Saint, a figure of, 184. 
 GS, 49. 
 
 IV 164. 
 
 GJ, 174, 183. 
 
 GF, 86. 
 
 GK, 104. 
 GK (in monogram), 5k. 170. 
 G & K, 172. 
 
 GL, 74,105, 141, 1°96, 297; 139, 166, 174 200. 
 
 GLN, 178. 
 
 Globe, a, 3 
 
 G 
 
 Ltd 
 
 ah 49, ae 62, 64, 81, 89, 108, 123, 128, oy 
 202, 209, 310. 
 
 GM, 87, 89, 92. 
 GMH (last two letters conjoined), 173. 
 
 GM 
 Hp (33: 
 
 I ides ‘to Behe bu i ae “Mares” 
 
 Grapes, a bunch of, 24, 26, - os 49, ah 
 
 GY, 77, 88, 171. 
 
 G & MLe, 189. 
 GN, 62. 
 
 RH 199 aa 
 GO, 67, 68, 71, 72, 77, 82, 13% 
 
 Goose, a, in a dotted circle, 58. 
 
 _ Goutées (drops), 3 in shield, 43+ De. oa 
 
 GP, 103. 4 
 G& PW, 201, 203. : 
 GR, 65, 67, 68, 70, 71, 76, 80, 84, 87, 97 3 
 139, 170, 182, 203. 
 GR, a mermaid and star above, 187 
 GR (conjoined), 165, 166,170. 
 G enclosing R, 72. 
 Gr, 68, 72, 73. 
 
 Grasshopper, a, above letters IM, 81; be eee 
 letters WC, 40. e a 
 
 GRAY, 174. Soe 
 
 GRAYS, 203. nee 
 
 GR 
 
 EB 33, 105. 
 
 GS, 27, 42, 49, 52, 56, ee 62, 76, 78, 81, 
 95, 100, 101, 103, 168, ze *83, 200). 
 
 GS, 30, 85, 98. aa 
 
 G & SCo. Ld, 34. 
 
 GS FC, go. 
 
 GS SS, 89. 
 
 GS 
 
 THI 100, IOI. 
 
 GS 
 
 GT, ve 122, +146, 168, 202. 
 
 GT 
 
 TEE 
 
 GU, 73> 77 oP 144. : ‘aes 
 
 GV, 535 54, 36 7: . Be 
 
 GW, 29, 31, 32, 555 56, 80, oa: 102, : ih 
 135, 136, 138, 143, 151, 182, dn, ‘ee 
 
 G Seg By 79. ie eae 
 
 125, eas, 
 
 GZ, 177. 
 
 Co 53 157, 164, 165, 186, 210, a 
 A, 55, 164. ; 
 h, 24, 37: | a 4 
 H& Co., 146, 175, 187. cae a 
 H& coe Ltd., 34. ee 
 H or FH, 164, 172. z 
 HA, 29, 66, 67, 69,79, 735 74 fo 
 149, 167, 194. = 
 HA (conjoined), 82. 
 
Index to British and Trish Marks 
 
 Ha, 73. 
 
 HAMILTON, 174. 
 
 Hammer, a, grasped by a hand, 24, 35, 36, 39, 
 40, 41. 
 
 HAMY RS (separate stamps), 195. 
 
 Hand, a, 23, 24, 35, 36, 37, 208. 
 
 Hand, grasping a branch, 25, 38; grasping a 
 cross, 35, 38, 393 grasping a dagger, 182; 
 grasping a hammer, 24, 25, 36, 39, 40, 41; 
 grasping a ragged staff, 24, 36. 
 
 Harp, a (uncrowned), 1633 between letters 
 LM, 26, 43. 
 
 Hart, a, running, above letters IB, 56. 
 
 Hart, a, running, 209. 
 
 Hawthorn, a spray of, 164. 
 
 HB, 44, 63, 84, 86, 89, 131, 171. 
 
 HB (conjoined), 255 39, 40, 42, 45, 46, 47, 48, 
 49, 50, $2, 535 1545 166, 204. 
 
 AB, 30, 92, 97; 99- 
 
 HB, 84. 
 
 HC, 24, 25, 30, 36, 40, 58, 63, 76, 90, 99, 100, 
 210. 
 
 HC (in monogram), 64, 164. 
 
 HC 
 
 IE (10! 
 
 HD, 26, 43, 77, 179- 
 
 HD, 90. 
 
 HD (conjoined), 193. 
 
 HE, 55, 66, 167. 
 
 H&E, 128. 
 
 HE & Co., 148. 
 
 HE (conjoined), 56, 59. 
 
 HE, 125. 
 
 He, 78. 
 
 Head, a, couped below letters NR, 44; erased, 
 24, 37- 
 
 Head, a human, 210. 
 
 Heart, a, 23, 24, 35, 36, 39, 167, 204; crowned, 
 185; over two clubs, in saltire, 42; pierced 
 by a dagger, 164; above letters GG, 166; 
 below letters RM, 26; below letters RS, 26. 
 
 Hearts, four concentred, 165, 166; six, 164; 
 eight within ring of pellets, 165. 
 
 Helmet or bassinet, 40, 44, 45. 
 
 HERMAN, 118, 119. 
 
 HE . 
 
 w (33: 
 
 HEYLAND, 207. 
 
 HF, 138, 195, 196. 
 
 H & F, 145, 195. 
 
 H FOSTER, 210. 
 
 HG, 27, 30, 51, 53, 61, 76, 97, 99, 139, 172. 
 
 HH, 42, 61, 82, 83, 105, 141, 148, 167, 197. 
 
 H &H, 148, 197, 202. 
 
 HH & Co: 14 
 
 HH (conjoined), 57, 88, 118. 
 
 bb, 96- 
 
 219 
 
 HH, 85, 88. 
 
 HI, 43, 70, 72, 74 
 
 H & I, 174, 175. 
 
 HI or TH (in monogram), 50, 52, 53, 164, 166. 
 Di, 73+ 
 
 High boot, a, 24, 37. 
 
 HINCHSLIFFE M, 177. 
 
 HJ, 201. 
 
 HK, 56, 139. 
 
 HK (conjoined), 38. 
 
 HK (in monogram), 24, 36. 
 
 HE, 6s; 108; 124, 202,/407. 
 
 HL (conjoined), 42, 49, 164, 170. 
 
 HLS, 197. 
 
 HM, 48, 76, 9°, 145, 179, 192, 202, 203. 
 HM (conjoined), 26, 43, 45, 49, 128. 
 HM, 85, 87. 
 
 FANS Gy. cia riot, 10%, 
 
 HN linked, see NH. 
 
 HN 
 
 HN 
 
 HO, 29; 65, 725 °73,75; 76, 60, 201; 
 HO (in monogram), 65, 71. 
 
 Ho, a 715/79) 745 Te 1200 134: 
 iho, 6 
 
 Holly Teal, j incuse, 38. (See also Leaf.) 
 Hooded falcon, 39. 
 
 HOPE, 172. 
 
 Horse, a, 23, 35; between letters IY, 24. 
 Horse’s head, couped, 38, 39. 
 Horseshoe, a, 23, 35. 
 
 HORWOOD, 118. 
 
 Hound, a, 27, 50. 
 
 HP, 63, 78, 84, 88, 98, 109, 160, 172. 
 H & P, 109. 
 
 HP 
 
 & Co, 1° 
 
 HP (conjoined), 119, 164. 
 
 HP (in monogram), 62. 
 
 AP, 78, 83. 
 
 HP (in monogram), 62. 
 
 HR, 40, 53, 60, 188. 
 
 HR (conjoined), 40, 188, 189. 
 
 HS, 45, 475 78; 96, 138, 149, 167, 200. 
 HS (in monogram), 40. 
 
 HSM, 207. 
 
 HT, 61, 139. 
 
 H & T, 145, 198. 
 
 HT & Co., 151. 
 
 HT (in monogram), 46, 47, 170. 
 
 Thy oe 
 
 HU, 29, 74, 78. 
 
 HV, 29, 63, 68, 69, 83, 99. 
 
 HV (conjoined), 70. 
 
 HW, 25, 33> 37) 38, 4!, $2, 10s, 139, 146, 149, 
 166, 201. 
 
JO AE Oey ag! Eon Bum Weta Ra Relay Ureh Me D 
 
 220 
 
 wt 156, 
 
 HW & Co., 148. 
 HW Ld., 145. 
 HX, 210. 
 
 Hy A, 137, 138. 
 
 I, 157, 164. 
 
 xe in crescent or C enclosing, 26, 44. 
 
 I in a dotted circle, 165. 
 
 fs. 
 
 DAs Ge 9 
 
 IA, 26, 27, 43, 46, 50, 54, 57s 73s 89, 93> 945 
 95, 157, 167, 172, 185, 202, 205. 
 
 IA (in monogram), 59. 
 
 IAC, 93- 
 
 IA 
 
 ME {29> 83. 
 
 IA &S, 135. . 
 
 IB, 26, 27, 29, 42, 43, 48, 49, 50, 51, 54, $6, 
 575 58, 59, 61, 64, 75, 775 785 83, 84, 87, 89, 
 93, 95, 101,904, 125,°227, 128, 331, 435, 
 143, 151, 154, 165, 167, 178, 183, 187, 189, 
 195, 201, 20%, Jog. er. 
 
 IBBOT, 92. 
 
 I 
 
 & S( 34 
 
 IC, 24, 25, 26, 27, 30, 32, eA 38, 41, 46, 51, 
 525 545 555 575 58, 61, 62, 76, 77, 79, 81, 83; 
 85, 86, 90, 95, 99, 102, 104, 108, 127, 128, 
 131, 151, 154, 158, 166, 167, 170, 171, 178, 
 186, 189, 192, 193, 194, 195, 197, 200, 201, 
 203. 
 
 IC (in monogram), 46, 61, 63, 170, 171. 
 
 I intersecting C, 49. 
 
 IC, 84, 127. 
 
 ICF, 103. 
 
 IC 
 
 THY 95, 98. 
 IC 
 WR 
 
 ID, 42, 45, 555 61, 62, 64, 78, 92, 945 96, 975 117, 
 126, 131, 135, 151, 167, 172, 173, 179, 183, 
 193, 194, 201, 202, 203, 210. 
 
 ID (conjoined), 161, 200. 
 
 ID (in monogram), 117, 142, 200. 
 
 ID or DI (in monogram), 165. 
 
 ie 
 
 IE, 26, 29, 43) 47> 56, 61, 62, 67, 755 7" 79> 81, 
 82, gO, 91, 92, 99, 120, 123, 136, 164, 166, 172, 
 194, 202, 207. 
 
 Index to British and Irish Mahe 
 
 IF, 24, 25, 27, 325 37s 39» 4% 41; Ets 4 50 $35 
 
 1H 
 F II t 31. 
 
 IE & Co., 147. 
 le, 67, 68, 71, 133. 
 
 55, 56, 61, 63, 76, 77, 795 80, 82, 83, 88, 9 
 100, 104, ‘105, 120, 121, 127, 128, Eis 3 
 192, 195, 200, 210. Tone 
 IF 
 IB¢ 10°: 
 IFW, 138. 
 IF WEST in separate stamps, 195. es 
 IG, 26, 27, 29, 43, 48, 49, 50, oo 52, 53> 60, | 
 63, 775 78, 81, 84, 85, 135, 165, 166, 167, 2, 
 178, 182, 194, 199, “< 203, 206, 208, : 
 IG & Co., 147. : 
 IG (in monogram), 26, 40 Ole 
 I piercing G, 39, 79, 152. 
 I & GH, 184. 
 
 IG WV, 95. | ) 
 IH, 25, 27, 31, 395 49 Ret 495 555 56, 58 
 59, 63, 64, 75, 78, 80, 84, 87, 92, 93, 94) | 
 IOI, 102, 126, 128, 135, 149, 161, 165, 1° 
 
 184, 186, 192, 193, ahs ae ies: 
 
 206, 207, 210. 
 IH & Cs 151. 
 TH 
 Co (15! 
 
 IH (in monogram), 27, 50, 3 53 sa 
 TH CS, 91, 93. 
 IH CS (in monogram), at | 
 
 IH oy 
 1 an 128. 
 
 IH IP, 110. 
 IH . . 
 IP pie 
 
 sy Iol. 
 
 7, 81, 82, 84, 935 153, i, 94 202, 
 
 I IRISH, 205. a 
 
 IL 6 
 
 S a 
 
 I&IW 
 
 & CO. t 48 
 
 IJK, 33. ; 
 
 IK, 27, 32; 445 53> 55> $6, 64, 77s ° 
 98, 99, 100, 105, 127, 128, 167, 1 
 186, 192, 193, 194, 202, 
 
 IK & Co., Iu hee 
 
Index to British and Irish Marks 
 
 IKIW & Co., 147. 
 
 IK 
 
 Tt gi. 
 
 IK WEST (in separate stamps), 195. 
 
 IL, 27, 29, 30, 50, 51, 54, 55, 58, 60, 63, 74, 
 75, 7, 81, 84, 97, 98, 103, 106, 119, 127, 128, 
 147, 170, 171, 178, 182, 193, 194, 195, 201. 
 
 IL & Co., 147. 
 
 ILB, 195. 
 
 IL 
 Lt 3% 103, 105. 
 
 IL ) 
 la, 104. 
 CL 
 
 IL 
 It 97, 128. 
 IL IS, 94, 95. 
 
 IL WV, 30, 94. 
 
 IM, 25, 27, 42, 455 47, 48, 50, 58, 75, 73, 80, 81, 
 Bree He, GO, 100, 101, 107, 125, 123, 131, 
 151, 171, 172, 189, 193, 195, 201, 202, 203, 
 
 CK 80. 
 IMD (last two letters conjoined), 173. 
 IMF (last two letters conjoined), 99. 
 
 IM 
 
 FB (45: 
 
 Implements crossed, 24, 36. 
 IMS, 34. 
 
 WH ( 97: 
 
 TN, 93, 63, 76, 82,118, 160, 195, 196, 202, 
 206. 
 
 IN or NI (in monogram), 25, 42. 
 
 INCE, 189. 
 
 INe, 87. 
 
 I NORTH, 118. 
 
 IN 
 
 NN f?°7- 
 
 10, 57, 71, 745 77, 108. 
 
 IO (in monogram), 78. 
 
 Io, 72, 78. 
 
 IONS, 118. 
 
 iP; 25, 26, 29, 38, 49, 46, 555 57> 595 82, 85, 
 89, 92, 98, IOI, 107, 108, 11g, 120, 123, 126, 
 158, 161, 165, 166, 177, 186, 192, 194, 200, 
 201, 202, 209. 
 
 faa a 
 
 EPS Co, 147; 
 IP, 85. 
 
 IP 
 EW 39, 94+ 
 IP 
 Gpt3t 103. 
 
 IQ, 90, 157. 
 
 IR, 26, 29, 45, 51, 555 575 61, 63, 65, 775 78; 79 
 84, 89, 95, IOI, 120, 125, 126, 128, 131, 139, 
 151, 167, 172, 195, 204. 
 
 IR, a crescent below, §7. 
 
 I & R, 137. 
 
 IR & Co., 147. 
 
 IR Co., 151. 
 
 IR (in monogram), 119. 
 
 IR 
 & bas 
 RR 
 
 IS, 29, 30, 325 445 46 535 54, 56, 575 58, 59; 60, 
 61, 63, 64, 66, 76, 79, 82, 84, 85, 86, 88, go, 
 96, 975 99, 100, 102, 103, 108, 120, 125, 128, 
 Fat, Fad, 147, 451, 160, 260) 165,390,171, 
 172, 178, 185, 186, 191, 194, 196, 200, 203, 
 206, 207, 208. 
 
 IS or SI (in monogram), 25, 38, 42, 45, 56, 64, 
 87, 171: 
 
 I intersecting S, 59, 60, 64, 164. 
 
 IS 
 
 G 145. 
 ISH, 32, 105. 
 IS 
 
 HW 148. 
 
 IS 
 
 I SOLOMON, 207. 
 ISTI, 210. 
 
 IS 
 
 TS 151. 
 
 IS 
 
 a 66 
 
 IT, 455 48, $0, $1, 58, 82, 84, 86, 89, 99, 104, 
 107, 108, 131, 141, 142, 151, 165, 167, 168, 
 172, 179, 184, 191, 193, 201, 203, 207. 
 
 I & TL, 138. 
 
 I & TS, 147. 
 
 ITY & Co., 147: 
 
 IV, 26, 46, 47, 51, 69, 72, 113, 165. 
 
222 
 
 IW, 27, 28, 50, 51, 535 545 595 63, 76, se) 81,83, 
 85, 89, 103, 120, 127, 128, 130, 135, 136, 137, 
 147, 152, 164, 167, 172, 183, 193, 195, 196, 
 199, 200, 201, 202, 203, 207. 
 
 ws + 
 
 IW & Co., 147. 
 
 IW (in monogram), 44, 161, 170. 
 IWR, 182. 
 
 IW 
 RG {3% 10, 101. 
 IWS, 102. 
 
 J & Co., 143. 
 F (in a wreath), 47. 
 
 JA, 33, 97, 103, 105, 135, 174, 182, 185, 187, 
 202. 
 
 FA, 86, 95, 101, 136. 
 Ja, 67,7 
 Aj 
 
 TA 103. 
 
 JA 
 
 JA 32, 105. 
 JAMESON, 198. 
 J4 oe, 
 
 JA &S, 146. 
 
 JB, 31, 95, 102, 112, 131, 138, 148, 172, 179s 
 189, 194, 201. 
 
 & Co. Til. 
 
 TB, 78, 85, 88, 90, 93, 121, 127. 
 FB or B (in monogram), 51. 
 
 JC, 102, 131, 135, 137, 174, 202, 203. 
 JC & Co., 175. 
 
 Index to “British oy I A Mae 
 
 FE, 85, ie 94, 120, 121, 202, 
 
 JEW & JB, 33. 
 
 JG &C, 174. 
 
 FC, 88. 
 
 FC & Co., 175. 
 
 IC, 99, 121, 127. 
 JCE, 32, 104, 105. 
 
 J CRICHTON, 174. 
 JC 
 
 Nt St ' ee 
 JD, 131, 173, 175, 179,193,197. so ae 
 FD, 88, 195, 199, 201. et ieee : 
 FD (conjoined), go. 
 
 FD (in monogram), 170. 
 ID, 97: 
 
 JD RM, 30, 97. 
 
 JD &S, 149. 
 
 JD 
 
 WD 139, 149. 
 JE, 32, 101, 102, 105, 182. 
 JE & Co., 147. 
 
 JEB, 198. 
 JE 
 
 EF 103. 
 Ew t ea 
 GW (33: | <2 eats 
 JEP, 197. ey 
 JEV, 174. 
 
 J EWAN, 163. 
 
 JF, 131, 139, 197- 
 
 F, 91. 
 IF, 84, 127. oe 
 JG, 125, 144, 190, 195, 196, 202. 
 7G, 29, 795 80, 93- eat ee) 
 JG (in monogram), 57 
 
 J. G& Co., 147. 
 IG, 29, 86, 87. . ae 
 JH, 122, 123, 128, 197, 174, os + 
 JH & ou 146, 174. : 
 JH & Son 
 
 Geo St. '7* ey 
 FH, 87, 89, 92, 96, 99, se 121 1725 ' 
 FH (conjoined), 172. Beate 
 ae 
 
 AH 139 
 
 JHS, 151. 
 JHW, 145. 
 J & IJ, 131. me 
 JJ, 174, 186, 202. tes eet 
 FF, 30, 81, 83, 85, 89, t 93 cf 
 
 J, 196. j 
 IT 20, 195. 
 JK, > 139, 195, 196, 202. 
 FK, 86, 87, 127, 206, 207. 
 
Index to British and Irish Marks 
 
 JKB, 149. 
 
 KING, 88. 
 
 JK 
 
 JL, 100, 105, 122, 138, 146, 147, 178. 
 
 TL, 85, 93» 945 1275 151, 161, 182, 194, 201, 203. 
 
 aE 
 eS 127, 
 JM, 133, 136, 137, 138, 1515 173, 174 1795 180, 
 195, 196, 198. 
 JM & Co., 144. 
 JM (conjoined), 170. 
 FM, 85, 86, 87, 92, 193- 
 $M (conjoined), 120, 159, 193: 
 4M (in monogram), 56. 
 TH, 85, 167. 
 JMB, 145. 
 JMc, 173, 1745 179: 
 
 JN, 148, 174. 
 
 J &N, 187. 
 
 JN & Co., 174. 
 
 FN, 86, 94, 202, 206. 
 
 JN 
 
 wnt I$l. 
 
 FO, 123, 184. 
 
 JO, 65, 86, 125, 184, 202. 
 
 Fo, 65, 70. 
 
 Jo CRICHTON, 174. 
 JOHNSON E., 197. 
 
 JP, 122, 137, 184, 194, 195. 
 dder 29, 85, 89. 
 
 ¥P (in monogram), 186. 
 
 ¥P (in monogram) or P, 171. 
 IP, 35, 84, 85, I7I. 
 
 FQ, 87- 
 
 JR, 131, 149, 172, 1755 180, 195, 197, 198, 
 
 203. 
 
 FR, 29, 85, 86, 88, 90, 91, 945 100, 128, 193. 
 
 JR, 127. 
 
 JRH, 33. 
 
 JRN, 197. 
 
 JS, 33, 95) 102, 123, 124, 131, 137, 1745 178, 
 182, 184, 185, 189, 194, 195, 196, 207. 
 
 JS (conjoined), 170. 
 
 JS (in monogram), 60. 
 
 FS, 30, 62, 85, 86, 87, 90, 92, 103, 121, 128, 206. 
 
 FS (conjoined), 83. 
 
 ID, 29. 
 
 Js 
 
 AS (32s 105 
 
 223 
 
 JSB, 202. 
 
 FSN, 206. 
 
 1s 
 
 ss 145: 
 
 JT, 137, 144, 203. 
 
 TT, 29, 80, 87, 192. 
 
 JT & S, 139. 
 
 JU, 174. 
 
 JUG, a, 23, 35. 
 
 Ue hide 
 
 JW, 104, 124, 131, 137, 139, 142, 143, 151, 179, 
 190, 194, 197- 
 
 8 Co. ( 175: 
 
 JW (in monogram), 54. 
 
 FW, 29, 85, 86, 88, 91, 98, 100, 105, 192, 193, 
 194, 201, 204, 206. 
 
 FW (in monogram), 192, 193. 
 
 JM, 86, 172. 
 
 J WALKER, 182. 
 
 JWD, 33. 
 
 TW FF, 89. 
 
 J & WM, 173, 174, 180. 
 
 K & D, 172. 
 
 KE, 29, 67, 69, 71, 73- 
 
 Ke, 70, 71, 74 
 
 KER, 172. 
 
 KEY, a, 23, 35, 54, 168, 189, 190. 
 
 KEY, above the letters CO, 65, 68; above the 
 letters LO, 69, 72; between the letters CR, 
 26, 45; between the letters WC, 45. 
 
 KE; 27, $2. 
 
 K & F, 203. 
 
 K &G, 197. 
 
 KI, 68, 77. 
 
 Ki, 126. 
 
 KID, 177. 
 
 Kil, 72. 
 
 KING 7, 88. 
 
 King Chas. II’s head,crowned, 167. 
 
 KM, 154, 171, 207. 
 
 KS, 53, 56; 57- 
 
 K & W, 151. 
 
 L, 23, 35- 
 
 L (reversed), 39- 
 
 L & Co, 142, 143. 
 
 L & SONS, 131, 175. . 
 
 LA, 29, 65, 725 73s 749 75s 76s 77s 815 109, 126, 
 202, 
 
dt Sa ea ag 
 
 224 Index to British and Irish Marks 
 
 LA (in monogram), 66, 67. LP, 82, 131, 164. 
 LA (linked), 66, 69. LP 
 La, 167. & Co § 15! 
 LAC, 34, 198. LP, 29, 87. 
 Lamb above the letters IL, 81; above the LR, 40, 205. 
 fetters LA, 72, 73. L&R, 128, 172. 
 Lamb and Flag, a, 186. LS, 58, 200. 
 Lamb’s head, a, 23, 35. L&S, 131. 
 Lamp, a, 25, 37. LS (in monogram), 160. 
 LAW, 151, 195, 198. LU eth. 
 LAWSON Lu, 66, 71. ; 
 DUBLIN ( 19°: LUCE or pike’s head, 210. 
 LB, 44, 63, 93, 151. : LV, 72, 96. soe 
 B, 194. SGV WY, 145. 
 LC, 54, 56, 58, 59, 945 175. 
 C, 142. ; M, 25, 27, 395 40 41, pice! 50, $2, 54s 16, on 
 L & Co, 143, 145. 166, 170, 183, 187, 208. ae 
 Le, 60. ; AO OF “W inverted, 24, 37. 
 Lob 2 M& Co, 198. 
 Gc} MA, 65, 6, 67, 68, 69, 70, 7, ™ ™ 7 , 128, 
 197- 
 SC to. 3 Ma, 73, 745 133: 
 _ LD, 84, 96. a, 109 
 LD, 84, 96. : Hila ar dee 
 Ba mee 
 DF | 168. MAC oy ee 
 LE, 67, 68, 69, 70, 73, 75+ _ MAS ad : ak 
 Le, 67, 68, 72. MA EP, 76. 
 Leaf, a (see trefoil), 23, 35.. MAHONY, 207. 
 Leaves, spray of, 24, 37. MAIDENHEAD, a,.23, 35. 
 LEE, 203. MAID’S HEAD, 24,36. 
 Lee, 92. Marigold, a, and letter E, 24, ce ve 
 Let, 193. MARTIN W, 205. . es ayy. 
 LFN, 179. Mask affrontée, a, 166. See also Bouget. 
 LSS, 187, tabi . MATHEY, 158. ‘ oe : 
 IG, 89. MB, 75, 89, 100, IOI, 141, 142, 143) 
 LH, 83, 203. 194, 200, 202, 208. . 
 LH, a cross between, 168. _M &B, 207. 
 LH, 30, 85, 94. MB (conjoined), 43> big ae e 
 1, 89. . _ MBF (in separate stamps), 141. fe 
 LH, FB, 92. MC, 75, 79, 96, 104, UGS ia 173s 1745 
 LI, 26, 30, 48, 64, 69, 74, 895 99. 200, 209, 210. abe ak ‘aes 
 LY, 74- M & C, 174, 175, 179. 
 Links, two, 23, 24, 35. : MC (conjoined), 183. 
 LILLY THO, 205. | M & C, 172. 
 LK, 98, 203. ; | Mc, 173. 
 LL, 68, 79, 167. | McCL, 202. 
 LL, 85. | McC & D, 198. 
 LM, 26, 43, 82, 119, 190, 202 McD, 205, 206. 
 L &M, 151. _ M’DB, 197. 
 LM (in monogram), 45. . ws McDB, 197. 
 LN, 195. eer 185. 
 LO, 68, 69, 72, 82, 172. M | 
 LO, 85. | GA { 32, 105. 
 LO (in monogram), 69. MD, 205. ie 
 De. 3h 72, 1208 ee MD (conjoined), 205, 206. ee 
 
 LOW, 172. ) “MD, 85. 
 
/ 
 ¥ 
 
 Index to British and Irish Marks pac 
 
 AAD, 88. 
 
 ME, 63, 71, 104. 
 
 ME (conjoined), 61, 64. 
 
 Me, 71. 
 
 Mermaid and star of 6 points above the letters 
 GR, 187. 
 
 MF, 94, 179, 201, 208. 
 
 MF & Co., 147, 151. 
 
 MF (conjoined), 179. 
 
 MP, 88, 91, 93- 
 
 MEG, 209. 
 
 MFG (the first two letters conjoined), 209. 
 
 MF 
 
 RC 147. 
 
 MG, 51, 55, 63, 78, 108, 168. 
 
 M &G, 195. 
 
 M & GS, 174. 
 
 MH, 28, 59, 61, 62, 137, 193, 194. 
 
 MH 
 
 & Co 148. 
 
 M & H, 175. 
 
 MH (conjoined), 26, 45, 116, 201. 
 
 MI, 69, 72, 745 75, 80, 167. 
 
 MILNE 
 
 A BDN § 75° 
 
 MK, 58, 59, 189, 194, 196, 210. 
 
 MK (conjoined), 171, 187. 
 
 ML, 81, 142, 208. 
 
 ML (conjoined), 78, 146, 187. 
 
 MM, 64, 96. 
 
 MM, 125. 
 
 M MILLER, 128. 
 
 MN, 195. 
 
 MO, 71, 73s 745 78. 
 
 MO (in monogram), 6%, 66. 
 
 Mo, 120. 
 
 MON, 202. 
 
 MONTYIOY T, 207. 
 
 MOORE J, 203. 
 
 MORES, 118. 
 
 MOSLEY, 197. 
 
 MP, 82, 93, 100. 
 
 MP (conjoined), 57, 59- 
 
 MR, 76, 201. 
 
 M & R, 128, 173, 179. 
 
 MR (conjoined), 166, 187. 
 
 MR, 91. 
 
 MS, 61, 103, 194, 201, 203, 204. 
 
 M & S, 173, 174, 179. 
 
 MS, 121. 
 
 MS 
 
 ES t 03. 
 
 MT, 196. 
 
 M &T, 151. 
 
 MT (conjoined), 200. 
 
 M U, 165. 
 
 Mu, 120. 
 
 Mullet, a, 37, 38; and annulet, 25, 41, 42; and 
 pellet, 25, 41; between a pair of compasses, 
 40; enclosed in a crescent, 24, 25, 42, 46, 47; 
 over a scallop, 26, 47. 
 
 Mullets, 3 over a crescent, 25, 38. 
 
 MV (conjoined), 161. 
 
 MV (in monogram), 106. 
 
 MW, 56, 60, 89, 172, 194, 210. 
 
 M & W, 149. 
 
 MW (in monogram), 23, 35, 435 149. 
 
 MW (linked), 209. 
 
 MW (in monogram), 193. 
 
 HUG & Co, 151. 
 
 MW & S, 203. 
 
 MW & SS, 195. 
 
 MY, 171. 
 
 MY & SONS, 131. 
 
 MZ, 177. 
 
 N, 45, 198. 
 
 IN, $6; 79. 
 
 NA, 74. 
 
 NB, 53, 61. 
 
 NB (conjoined), 166. 
 
 NB (in monogram), 24, 37. 
 NB (conjoined), 132. 
 NBS, 139. 
 
 DRS om 77, 130. 
 
 ND, 96. 
 NE, 78. 
 
 Ne, 66, 69, 71, 73: 
 
 Newt, on a barrel, 25, 41. 
 Negro’s head, a, 36. 
 
 NEILL, 196. 
 
 NEILL SD, 197. 
 
 NG, 29, 60, 61, 62, 77, 167, 182. 
 NG (plain and reversed), 164. 
 NH, 97, 184. 
 
 N & H, 145. 
 
 NH (conjoined), 153, 164. 
 NA, 93+ 
 
 NI, 65, 66, 77. 
 
 NI or IN (in monogram), 29, 42. 
 NICOLSON, 202, 206. 
 
 NL, 63, 137. 
 
 NM, 32, 104, 143, 144, 201. 
 NO (in monogram), 25, 40. 
 NR, 44, 45. 
 
 N &R, 143. 
 
 NR (conjoined), 40, 42. 
 
 NS, 151. 
 
 NS & CO., 147. 
 
 NS (in monogram), 38. 
 
 NS, 87. 
 
 NT (conjoined), 164, 170. 
 NV, 193. 
 
226 Index to British and Irish Marks a 
 
 NW, 27, 50, 575 59, 89. 
 B, 195. 
 
 O, 187. 
 
 Ob, 66. 
 
 O BRIEN, 207. 
 
 OC, 
 
 Oc t sor. 
 
 & D, 197. 
 
 OF or FO (in monogram), 61. 
 OG, 54. 
 
 OI, 96. 
 
 OI or IO, 57. 
 
 OJ » 95. 
 
 Olive branch, bird holding, 43. 
 OM, 50. 
 
 O enclosing R, 63. 
 
 Orange, an, 157. 
 
 Orb and Cross, 23, 24, 35, 36, 39) 41, 44) 525 
 
 113, 114, 115, 168. 
 Orb and Cross between letters IC, 36. 
 Orb and Star, 48, 49. 
 OS, 55, 57, 58, 60, 61. 
 OSBORN, 119. 
 OSWALD, 129. 
 O Enclosing V, 78. 
 @b, 66. 
 Owl holding a mouse, 48, 49. 
 OY, 67, 131. 
 
 P, 60, 63, 79, 177: 
 P & Co. (A Calcutta mark), 163. 
 Py 13%, 200. 
 PA, 65, 69, 70, 725 735 79s 179: 
 » 86, 87. 
 Pa, 68, 74. 
 Pa, 72. 
 PA JR, 180. 
 PA PM, 29, go. 
 PARMY, 164. 
 PARR, in conjunction with a peacock, 164. 
 PB, 26 i 48, $2, 7) 83, 84, 131, 170. 
 PB,8 89. 
 PS ta ‘monogram), 58. 
 
 PB 
 AB 100. 
 
 PB 
 
 AB bron 
 
 WB 
 
 PB oo, | 
 PB 
 
 PC, 38, 78, 79, 86, 100, 154, 177, 209. 
 PC, 84, 88, 91. 
 
 PC & S, 173. 
 
 PD, 53, 55, 95, 164, 166, 167, 196, 201. 
 
 PE, 28, 66, 69, 71, 73, 2, 79 
 PE. Ye pan 132. 
 
 Pe, 68, 76, 77 
 Peacock, a, 164. 
 Pegasus, a, 47, I15. 
 Pelican, a, 40, 115. 
 Pellets, in a circle, 157. 
 PF, 96, 168, 202. 
 
 PG, 48, 77> 89, 95 99, 171, 179 1, 187, 
 PG (in icomosrasnh: at: fi 
 
 PH, 58, 64, 74, 78, 184. 
 PH (in meen 26, 47. 
 
 PL, 09 7 77 131, 159, 208. 
 
 Pig and bell, a, 160. EY aes 
 Pig below the letters WC, 25, ge ah 
 Pike’s head or luce’s heat, PY fo Manage 
 Pillar, a, between the letters big 495 
 the letters IS, 61. — 
 
 PL, & 68, 72, 81, 89, 120, 13h 138 
 
 PL ‘in monogram), 58. 
 Plant, a, 23, 35. 
 Plant, a growing, Ps his 
 Plume of three feathers, 1 32, 195. 2 
 PM, 59, 60, 107, 108, 173, 19543 202. 
 PM (conjoined), 171. : 
 PM (in moncene. s+ = ees eae 
 
 95- 
 PN’ (conjoined), 170. 
 PN " noe bees 
 
 PR, 60, 67, 70, 75, 16, ™9 om Bc 
 172, 182, 200. : 
 
 PR ieee - 
 
 PS i monogram, les 
 
 BRITANNIA 
 
 FP; 53 545 755 81, 845 oe 109, 307 ee: 
 
 103. 
 
Index to British and Irish Marks 
 
 PT, 79» 91, 161, 17], 199. 
 
 PV, 93. 
 
 PW, 33; 42, 89, 195, 203, 206, 207. 
 PW 
 
 Quatrefoil, or four-petaled rose, 120, 162; 
 formed of four hearts, 165; formed of four 
 hearts each charged with 3 pellets, a pellet in 
 the centre, 166; charged with 5 pellets, 118. 
 
 Queen’s head, a, 24, 37. 
 
 QUICK with a bird, 164. 
 
 R, 155, 164, 166, 208, 210. 
 
 R, 163. 
 
 RA, 27, 39, 49, 52, 56, 60, 69, 70, 71, 82, 86, 
 87, 138, 161, 187, 202, 205. 
 
 R & A, 173. 
 
 R A, 86. 
 
 Ra, 67, 126. 
 
 Ra, 28, 68, 70, 71. 
 
 RADCLIFF, 119. 
 
 RA GH, 82. 
 
 RAM 
 
 SEY {123 
 
 Rat or a mouse, sejant, 184. 
 
 RA 
 
 Ws 104: 
 
 RB, 26, 32, 38, 42, 45, 47, 49, 60, 76, 81, 82, 
 83, 91, 106, 125, 135, 137, 171, 173, 190, 195, 
 202. 
 
 R & B, 149. 
 
 RB (in monogram), 41, 166. 
 
 RB, 29, 84, 85, 86, 334. 
 
 RB (in monogram), 178. 
 
 RB, 29, 78. 
 
 RB CF (in separate stamps), 141. 
 
 RB & R, 102. 
 
 RC, 26, 29, 31, 43, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 58, 79, 
 86, 89, 98, 101, 102, 104, 107, 108, 153, 165, 
 172, 193, 194, 195, 201, 203. 
 
 RC (in monogram), 62. 
 
 RD, 26, 27, 45, 46, 52, 54, 55, 63, 131, 179, 186, 
 197, 203, 207. 
 
 227 
 
 R & D, 121. 
 
 RD (in monogram), 24, 37, 38, 39, 170. 
 
 RD 
 
 IB (52: 
 
 RE, 40, 62, 69, 78, 120, 203. 
 
 RE or ER (in monogram), 39. 
 
 Re, 70, 71. 
 
 REA, 143. 
 
 RE 
 
 EB ¢ 103: 
 
 REILLY, 206. 
 
 RE SL, 68. 
 
 RE 
 
 ves 
 
 RF, 42, 51, 52, 53, 80, 122, 200. 
 
 RF (conjoined), 63, 157. 
 
 RG, 32, 46, 49, 55, 62, 63, 64, 75, 79, 80, 90, 
 100, IOI, 102, 103, 104, 105, 106, 127, 136, 
 151, 169, 170, 173, 179, 185, 186, 195, 204, 
 205, 207. 
 
 RG, 85, 90, 104, 172. 
 
 RG, 103. 
 
 RGH, 32, 106. 
 
 RG & S, 173, 179, 180. 
 
 RG TC, 29, 83, 89. 
 
 RG TC, 8s. 
 
 RH, 29, 32, 33, 48, 495 55, 58, 61, 80, 9°, 98, 
 100, 104, 105, 107, 109, 161, 166, 167, 185, 
 193, 199, 203. 
 
 RH (conjoined), 39, 119, 164. 
 
 RH (in monogram), 25, 40, 118. 
 
 RH, 84, 193. 
 
 R HUTCHINSON, 159. 
 
 RH 
 SH (31 102. 
 
 RI, 26, 47, 59, 61, 68, 70, 73, 80, 91, 96, 99, 
 135, 136, 171, 187, 206, 208. 
 
 RI 
 Is bo7 
 
 Ring and crescent, a, 167. 
 
 R 
 
 1595 
 
 RJ, 151. 
 
 RK, 38, 46, 50, 55, 58, 60, 88, 108, 151, 171, 
 186, 198. 
 
 RL, 52, 56, 58, 59, 61, 62, 78, 79, 137, 178, 
 202. : 
 
 RL, 85. 
 
 RLC, 174 
 
‘Ae ee Pee 
 e 4 a 
 
 oR 
 & Co. 842 
 
 ip id d ig PF, 
 : oe Bi: 
 re . ae - a gous ee i ee: 
 228 I ioe to British ee Tash as oa 
 RL™ , 198.7 : R & TW, 145. 
 
 RM, 26, 29, 38, 45, 47) 495 515 535 63, 81, 82, 
 100, 127, 147, 164, 166, 205. 
 
 EY 
 
 RM (conjoined), 42. 
 
 RM (in monogram), 27, 56. 
 RM, 127- 3 
 RMG, 174. ee 
 RMcG, 186. : 
 
 RM 
 EH (33> 148, 149. 
 RM JD, 30, 97- 
 
 RN, 26, 46, 51, 9, 55; 174, 185, 187, hss eae 
 
 RO, 48, 67, 70, 715 72s'73s 75s 76 118, 119, 131, 
 1395 157, 166. 
 
 Ro, 29, 65, 66, 735 77> 133 © 
 
 Ro, 7O- 
 
 ROE W, 206. 
 
 RPS, 200. 
 
 Rose, a, 25, 37, 41; double-seeded, 575 164; ' 
 four-petaled seeded, 41; slipped or sprig, ay 
 165. 
 
 Rose and crown, a, 24, 36. 
 
 Rowe Plmo Britan, 159. 
 
 Rowe New St Ply°, 159. 
 
 RP, 27, 41, 43, 445 46, 50, 54, 55, 59, Pe 82, 
 93, 94, 96, 104, 128, 134, 161, 166, 167, 200, 
 205. 
 
 RP (conjoined), 166. 
 
 RP 
 
 RR, ac 51, 92, 9551 102, 131, 134, 135, 154, 166, . 
 
 RR isnt cinedt) 134. 
 
 RR, 96. 
 
 R & RK, 174, 186. 
 
 RS, 25, 26, 27, 41, 44, 455° 46, 47, 48, 50, 51, 
 $4, 555 57» 58, 60, 77, 81, 87, 100, 121, 122, 
 126, 128, 138, 147, 151, 157, 165, 166, 167, 
 168, 180, 184, 192, 194, 195, 196, 198, 199, 
 203, 204, 206. 
 
 R & S, 151, 182, 190. 
 
 RS, 32, 104, 105, 201. 
 
 RS DS, 30, 96. 
 
 RT, 30, 63, 86, 93, 194, 202. 
 
 R TIMBRELL, 62. 
 
 —S with crescent (or letter oe 
 
 Se, 36. 
 
 RW, 26, 41, 42, 44s 46 > 48) ne - 2, 0. 
 77> 79, 83> 107, 108, 131, 132, 162, 164, | 
 188, 194, 200, 201,210, SF, 
 
 R& W, 174, 198. 
 
 R 
 
 WwW 46, 49, 51, 165. 
 RWS, 203. 
 
 RYAN & Co, 196. 
 RZ, 29, 84. 
 
 RZ, 85. 
 
 Sy hts 505 SI he 168, ion 200. 
 S (fringed), 24, 35, 36, a7 
 
 S (on a cross), 25, 41. 
 S (on an anchor), 177. 
 
 SA. Gi ‘ monogram), 5, sy 
 Sq, 120. 
 
 Sa, 125, 133, 193, 200 1 
 SALMON, 169. > ae 
 SA WI, 92. ae 
 
 195, 203, 205. 
 SBH, 34. 
 
 TB (102: 
 SC, 27, 29, $5, a 78, 88, e! 
 128, 173 200, 206.5 = 
 Sc, 66. or 
 
 Sceptre, a 23, 24, Sr 
 SC 
 
 1c $95" ae 
 Scorpion, a, 24, 36. 
 SCOTT. 5, a. oe 
 
 Sty: = ee 
 & Co. ba, 148,22 
 SD, 61, 62, 93, 100, 18% 
 SE, 23,60, 92.400" i 
 SE (in monogram), 4g 4 
 Se, 73- 
 SERPENT, a, a 36. 
 SEYMOUR, 207. 
 Shiai, 
 
wo. SG 
 
 Ay 
 
 SH, 29, 31, $75 59> 65, 66, 793 71) 73> 749 75> ° 
 
 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 85, 94, 95, IOI, 102, 
 103, 148, 167. 
 
 SH (in monogram), 63. 
 
 SH (linked), 58. 
 
 SH, 84, 85, 88. 
 
 SB, 29, 85. 
 
 Sh, 126. 
 
 Sheaf of arrows, a, 37. 
 
 SHEFHAN, 206. 
 
 SHEED, a, 23, 36. 
 
 SH HB, 89, 92, 94. 
 
 Ship, a, 44, 115, 205. 
 
 SHIP between two towers or castles, 204. 
 
 Ship in full sail, 184, 204. 
 
 Ship and castle, 169. 
 
 SH 
 
 SH 
 
 Hr 20, 62, 67, 78, 83, 128. 
 
 SI or IS. fin monogram), 25, 38, 425 45, 56, 64, 
 171s 
 
 Pra2tO. 
 
 SINGLETON, 203. 
 
 Bip ios, P41. 
 
 SF, 88, 209. 
 
 f SJ, 85. 
 
 i, 375 151, 165. 
 
 SK & Co., 151. 
 
 SK, 87. 
 
 _ Skull and cross bones above the letter ¥, 200. 
 
 vie 00, 70, 72, 74, 70, 80, 81, 120, 125. 
 
 SL (in monogram), 63, 64. 
 
 SL, go, 92. 
 
 hy 125) 
 
 be SL’B, 106. 
 
 SiG, $2. 
 Se 203. 
 
 ; te) SM, 39, 65, 70, 73> 745 81, 88, 995 167, see get does Te 
 
 Pry som, 68 
 TON, 68; 395. 
 
 peescn.N, 148. 
 Soe SNALL. a, 40. 
 SO, 43, 44, 45, 68, 77, 151. 
 Pee eSWOILY , 123. 
 fe SOLOMON I, 207. 
 Seri 41, 74, 70, 80, 81, 82, 101, 141, 142, 146, 
 
 204, 209. 
 
 ft -gp (in monogram), 167. 
 
 SP, 146. 
 
 i , Spray of leaves, 24, 37. 
 Spur, a, 38. 
 
 ES  $Q, 76, 139. 
 
 Bsireel, &, 20, 43- 
 
 Index to British and Irish Marks 
 
 229 
 
 SR, 38, §2, 55, 57, 86, 151, 167, 202, 206, 
 R, 139. 
 
 SR & Co, 147. 
 
 SR (conjoined), 156. 
 
 SR 
 
 GOeiCo (4L 
 
 SR 
 
 SS, 27, 33. 54, 56, 90, 91, 166, 167. 
 S405 tao. 
 
 S 
 SR bros 
 IED 
 
 m1 5.03, 06; 73, 745 179) 201, 203. 
 
 ST or TS (in monogram), 43, 58, 62, 115. 
 
 1 128. 
 
 St, 89, 92. 
 
 St, 68, 71, 72, 73: 
 
 St, 72. 
 
 Staff, a pastoral, 23, 35. 
 
 Stag above the letters RO, 7 
 
 Stag’s head, a, 24, 37. 
 
 Star, a, 164, 165, 182, 190; over an orb, 48, 493 
 a radiant, 25, 38. 
 
 Stars enclosed by a crescent, 38. 
 
 Staves or clubs, in saltire, 45; in a heart above, 
 42; between the letters BT, 44. . 
 
 SE 
 
 H& rt Ped: 
 
 de 
 
 wid & 
 
 N& uf iar 
 
 Storks, three, 62. 
 
 Sun in splendour, 25, 38, 40, 41, 42, 48, 113. 
 
 Sun, a rising, 23, 35. 
 
 Sunflower, a, 167. 
 
 SV, 27, 495 50, 51, 525 545 55, 06. 
 
 S over V with TG stamped separately, 166. 
 
 SW, 30, 74, 75, 79, 80, 81, 83, 84, 91, 92, 99, 
 162, 120,139,151, 299, 194. 
 
 wt 26, 47, 62, 64. 
 
 eae VV 20K: 
 
 SW (in monogram), 23, 35. 
 
 SW, 29, 86, 87, 95, 210. 
 
 SU, 92, 96. 
 
 Swan, a, 46, 167; below the letters GF, 167. 
 
 Swan’s head erased, 24, 37. 
 
 Sword, a, 24, 36; and ribbon, 132; in pale, be- 
 tween the letters CS, 27, 51. 
 
 SWS, 335 145- 
 
230 
 
 SW WALSH, 205. 
 SY, E25. 
 Sp, 66, 67, 68, 120, 121. 
 
 T, 41, 42, 43) 445 160, 165, 166, 170, 171, 187. 
 
 T & Co., 187. 
 
 T incuse, with three pellets, 36. 
 
 oa 
 
 TA, 39, 445 455 525 53s 54 57» 58, 59; 60, 61, 62, 
 63, 72s 74s 75s 79s 102, 1355 202, 203, 206. 
 
 TA, 95: 
 TA (in monogram), §9. 
 
 ia, 133 
 
 TAC (in monogram), 52 
 
 TAIT, 172. 
 
 TALBOT, 131. 
 
 Tau, 38, 43- 
 
 TB, 40, 47, 60, 64, 79, 89, 91, 103, 121, 123, 
 162, 187, 192, 197, 201, 203, 209. 
 
 TB & Co, 147, 167. 
 
 TB (in monogram), 26, 39, 45, 46, 120. 
 
 TB, 85, 127. 
 
 TB (conjoined), 192, 193, 200. 
 
 TB (in monogram), 26, 48, 51, 52, 57, 200, 
 210. 
 
 Tb (in monogram), 49. 
 
 ?, 
 
 T B BROWN, 210. 
 TBE (in monogram), 54. 
 TB OL, 94. 
 TB 
 & S{ 15% 
 TC, 26, 44, 45, 57, 58, 79, 80, 88, 90, 92, 95; 
 99, 105, 121, 125, 138, 139, 166, 178, 202, 206. 
 TC or CT (in ‘monogram), 51, 54, 60, 170, ve 
 TC (in monogram), 82. 
 Te, 113. 
 T COLGAN, 189. 
 TCS, 104. 
 TC WC, 94. 
 c 
 
 T 
 
 WC (94 
 
 TD, 27, 52, 56, 92, 96, og 101, 104, 156, 173, 
 184, 201, 206. 
 
 TD (Gin monogram); 48. 
 
 TD, 93 94- % 
 TD (in monogram), 60. 
 
 ~ TEo (in monogram), 39- 
 
 TE, 29, 30, 46, 48, 58, 59 14 
 104, 122, 203. we 
 TE (in monogram), si af S71 
 TE, 85, 122, 
 TEB (in monogram), 59. 
 
 TE 
 Gs : 93- 
 TEH (TE con oined), 54. 
 
 TF, 25; 26, 29, 42, 43, 455 67 % 7 95s 86, 
 
 Mm 
 
 166, 206. 
 
 TG, 86, pt 
 
 IC 
 
 102, 107, 116, 117, gs, 13h 135) 
 
 154, 165, 190, 202, — 
 T & H, 179. 
 
 TH (in ohana 395 ® se. 
 TH, 91,939 95: «aoe 
 TH (conjoined), 63. ae 
 Th (in monogram), 450 eke 
 
 Ay 
 
 Git 32, 104. 
 TH 
 
 Ic 4» Io!. 
 
 Ti Be, 72- 
 TIMBRELL R, 62. 
 
 TI 
 T& 1S, Is. . ro 
 TJ, 102,175,194. 
 TY, 67, 87,151. 
 TJB, 207. a. 
 ply ajo oe Breet 
 TJ & NC, 151. ee 
 TK, 27, 535 555 635 1715 198 
 
 r & K, 146. ; 
 TK (conjoined), 170. 
 TK, 201. 
 
Index to British and Irish Marks 
 
 TK 
 
 JF t 203. 
 TL, 40, 53, 54, 56, 58, 62, 80, 86, 96, 147, 185. 
 rL (in monogram), 24, 37. 
 
 if ROTTS 
 
 T LAW, 147. 
 
 DL ( 147: 
 
 TM, 27, 555 59s 753 77» 79s 81; 83, 85, 99, 102, 
 108, 134, 135, 168, 178, 195, 196, 200, 202, 
 204. 
 
 4% 
 
 Mt 52 52, 165. 
 
 TM (conjoined), 158, 166, 171, 182. 
 TM (in monogram), 27, 54, 58, 60. 
 TM, 89. 
 
 TM, 85, 89, 127. 
 
 T MONTYJOY, 207. 
 
 TN, 42, 100, 137, 146, 202. 
 
 TN (in monogram), 25, 42. 
 
 TN, 30. 
 
 GBt 1 
 
 TO, 99, 203. 
 
 To, 65. 
 
 To, 120. 
 
 TOLEKEN, 207. 
 
 TOLLAND, 207. 
 
 Towers, or castle mark, 27, 57. 
 
 TP, 26, 44, 495 53» 545 61, 82, 95, 99, 127, 135, 
 143, 151, 193, 202, 208. 
 
 eel; 123: 
 
 TP (conjoined), 165. 
 
 af, 08, 97. 
 
 & §{ 139: 
 
 T Pye (the first two letters conjoined), 85. 
 
 TR, 27, 325 53, 57» 715 76, 84, 90, 101, 102, 103, 
 120, 127, 131, 139, 148, 195, 203. 
 
 TR (conjoined), 157, 160. 
 
 TR (in monogram) over the letter W, 44. 
 
 TR, 85, 102, 200. 
 
 Tf, 66,125, 
 
 TRB (in monogram), 61. 
 
 Tree, a, 26, 46, 47, 168. 
 
 231 
 
 Trefoil, a, 25, 26, 40, 45, 46, 165, 209. 
 Trefoils, three, 40, 41, 43. See a/so Leaf. 
 Trellis; a, 23,35: 
 
 Triangle intersected, 43. 
 
 TR & S, 143. 
 
 TS, 25, 29, 42, 435 54s 59 62, 89, 96, 97, 99, 00, 
 102, 106, 114, 121, 131, 143, 165, 184, 185, 
 187, 193, 200, 202. 
 
 TS (in monogram), 43, 58, 62, 115, 156, 162. 
 
 T intersecting S, 153, 167. 
 
 TS, 120. 
 
 TSOI, 62. 
 
 TS HE (in monogram), 146. 
 
 TSW, 203. 
 
 od 27, 20.80.25 62,580.90, 95) 96, 201,203. 
 
 Tah tao. 
 
 TT & Co. (in separate stamps), 146. 
 
 TT, 84. 
 
 Tu, 76, 109. 
 
 Tu, 70. 
 
 TUN, or barrel, a, 23, 35. 
 
 LV, 47, O85 73s 100, 
 
 TW, 24, 36, 71, 78, 83, 94, 97, 99, 100, 106, 
 P20, 2920511905197, 898, 141, 1425/9 $3,168, 
 193, 200, 202, 209. 
 
 w{ 107: 
 
 T & W, 90, 195, 196, 207. 
 TW & Co., 147. 
 
 TW (conjoined), 107. 
 
 TW (in monogram), 43, 44- 
 TW, 84, 87, 91, 102, 129. 
 TW (conjoined), 60. 
 
 TW CW, 93. 
 
 TWD, 145. 
 
 TW 
 
 JH tr02. 
 
 TWM, 207. 
 
 TW WW, 87. 
 
 TWY +, 195. 
 
 TX, 37k 
 
 TYZ (in monogram), 26, 45. 
 TZ, 59, 64. 
 
 U & B, 143. 
 Unicorn’s head, 45. 
 
 VB (conjoined), 191. 
 
 VC, 166. 
 
 VC (in monogram), 170. 
 Viswa. 
 
 VN, 67. 
 
 VR, 143. 
 
 V & Rory. 
 
 VS, 40, 48. 
 
 VS (in monogram), 182, 185. 
 
~ 
 
 232 a Index to British 
 
 W, 23, 24, 25, 355 37s 38, 425 445 126, 146, 156, 
 160, 164, 165, 166, 193, 210. 
 
 WwW enclosed by acrescent, 24, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45- 
 
 W inverted, or M, 24, 37. 
 
 W over a crescent, 24, 37- 
 
 W & Co., 19 
 
 WA, 395 67, 68, 69, 72, 795 89, 94, 99, 100, 103, 
 139, 171, 172, 173, 193, 196, 199. 
 
 W A& Co,, 148. 
 WA 
 & Co. 148. 
 
 WA (conjoined), 68. 
 WA (in monogram), §7. 
 WA, 192. 
 Wa, 66, 67, 70, 73, 95: 
 WALDRON 
 SKIBBEREEN 
 Wallet hook, a, 25, 39; palewise, on a cross 
 bendwise, 25, 38. | 
 
 198. 
 
 WA &S, 180. 
 
 WAP (linked), 166. 
 
 WATERHOUSE, 196. 
 
 WB, 32, 60, 61, 62, 81, 87, 88, 90, 92, 95, 98, 
 IOI, 103, 104, 105, 108, 11g, 131, 147, 180, 
 183, 185, 194, 201, 202, 204, 205. 
 
 W B& Co., 148. 
 
 WB 
 
 & Co.f 157 
 
 WB (conjoined), 108, 205. 
 
 WB, 32, 90, 91, 101, 103, 127, 192, 194, 201. 
 
 WB (conjoined), 200. 
 
 WB 
 ee t 32, 104. 
 
 hen 
 Phe 
 
 B (hee 120. \ 
 WB JP, 91. 
 
 RS (102: 
 WB 
 
 wc, : = 27, 325 335 sy: 38, 40, 45, es 475 48, . 
 
 49, 50, 51, 52, 535 575 61, 87, 90, 91, 925 93, 
 94, 96, 103, 104, 138, 167, 173, 1745 77 178, 
 184, 185, 191, 194, 195, 197, 203. 
 
 WC in shield below three pellets, 51. . 
 
 WC above a pig, 25, 38. 
 
 WC (conjoined), 41. 
 
 WC, 166, 193, 204. 
 
 WC (conjoined), 167. 
 
 eo I rish M. Z 
 We (conjoined), 165. ‘ 
 
 WCR&S, 175. 
 
 _ WE, 25, 63, 65, 79 8, 96, 9 9% oc 
 
 WF (conjoined), 94, 10,13 
 
 WG (conjoined), 55. 
 
 WC 
 PC t 73. 
 WC rae : 
 
 147, 172, "192, 195, 202. 2 
 WD (conjoined), 116, 152, 210. 
 WD, 127; 172; 193- 
 
 WE Abonioiecs: 120. 
 We & SNS 
 
 WE, 104. 
 
 We, 72, 73- 
 
 WE 
 WE ba 102. 
 wc 
 
 WE, 29, 30, 32, 46, 595 75s 80, 
 100, 102, 143, 1745 Piss 201, 
 WF (conjoined), 57,60. 
 
 re 94+ 
 
 ae 149. 
 
 WF ti 
 DP 100. 
 WEG, 202, au 
 WE 
 
 WG, 27,81, $45 55) Sp 
 166, 167, 171, 172, 
 
 WG, 29, 86, 88, 91, 9S | 
 WG, 29, 85, § 88. . 
 
 WG EF, 97. 
 WG PC, 87. 
 
 ne 
 101, 104, 106, 135s 
 210. 
 W & H, 149, 150, bi e 
 WH (conjoined), 55) 114. 
 WH, 87, 9°, 194, 203- 
 
Wh, 68, 78. 
 Mh, 92, 126. 
 ‘Wheel, a, 167. 
 WHELPLEY, 207. 
 WHELPLY, 207. 
 
 WH & SS Ld., 34. 
 
 WHT, 184, 203. 
 
 WH WC, 97. 
 
 WI, 26, 43, 58, 65, 66, 67, 68, 71, 73» 74s 75 
 79, 80, 81, 90, 109, 120, 166,,171. 
 
 Wi, 125. 
 
 2 WLID, 93. 
 
 Windmill, a, 25, 41. 
 
 Wine skin, a, 43- 
 
 W & IP, 196. 
 
 WI SA, 92. 
 
 WI TAIN, 188. 
 
 WJ, 34, 136, 151, 183, 202. 
 
 WTF, 101, 194. 
 
 wy, 85. 
 
 WJG, 198. 
 
 W & JM, 175. 
 
 WJM’D, 174. 
 
 W & JW, 131. ae 
 
 WK, 83, 88, 93, 102, 175, 185. 
 
 W & K, 142. 
 
 WK 
 
 & Cost a 
 
 WK (conjoined), 60, 64. 
 
 WK, 202. 
 
 WK, 29, 84. 
 
 WER, 32, 105. 
 
 WL, 60, 755 76, 82, 92, 100, 129, 179, 184, 188, 
 192, 194, 196, 203. 
 
 W&L, 197. | 
 
 _ WL (conjoined), 45, 170, 171. 
 
 PL 129, 210. 
 
 WLB, 96. 
 
 WL 
 
 CL bray 
 
 WL 
 
 WM, 27, 33> 495 50> 51s 52s 53, 54s 60, 61, 62, 
 
 76, 82, 92, 105, 108, 174, 186, 188, 192, 195, 
 
 905, 200. ; 
 
 26, 48. 
 
 & Co. 166. 
 
 WM (conjoined), 182. 
 WM (in monogram), 88. 
 W MARTIN, 205. 
 
 MD | 
 151 
 
 WM 
 
 MD 
 
 Index to British and Irish Marks 
 
 233 
 
 WN, 53, 57, 61, 139, 148, 174, 178, 195, 203, 
 204. 
 
 WN, 204, 205. 
 
 WO, 76, 77, 120. ” 
 
 WP, 29, 31, 62, 74, 81, 87, 925 95, 995 97.99% 
 IOI, 121, 122, 123, 136, 142, 143, 179, 195» 
 196, 202. 
 
 W fb 197: 
 
 WP (conjoined), 127, 167. 
 
 WwQ, 197+ 
 
 WR, 26, 44, 455 46, 48, 60, 81, 99, 106, 126, 
 131, 139, 166, 173, 186, 195, 205. 
 
 WR (conjoined), 56, 106, 126, 134, 161, 166. 
 
 W & R, 197. 
 
 WR, 91, 1945 205- 
 
 WR (conjoined), 205. 
 
 W ROE, 206. 
 
 WRS, 32, 105, 123. 
 
 WR 
 
 S b 32, 105. 
 
 WS, 27, 32, 33s 42s 47s 48, 50, 575 59s 62, 775 79s 
 82, 83, 84, 85, 88, 91, 925 93» 95> 96s 99s 1025 
 
 103, 104, 123, 131, 138, 139, 171, 182, 184, 
 185, 186, 194, 195, 198, 200, 202, 207, 210. 
 
 W 
 
 S bs7, 63, 75: 
 
 W &S, 151, 197, 198. 
 
 WS (linked), 27, 47, 495 57- 
 WS, 84, 85. 
 
 WS (linked), 57. 
 
 WS WP, 99, 92. 
 
 WT, 39, 49, 49> 5°, 76, 785 945 955 96, 98, 995 
 103, 130, 135, 172, 193, 194, 195, 201; 206, 
 207, 210. 
 
 WT & Co., 147, 151. 
 
234 
 WT, 91, 93 
 
 IT (272 
 WT MC (in separate stamps), 201. 
 
 WV Ga. monogram), 64. 
 WV IL, 30, 93. 
 WV 
 
 bY Ws te 
 
 » 27, 54, 56, 57» 82, 88, 89, 122, 123, 127, 
 151, 167, 183, 193, 194, 195, 199, 201, 203, 
 
 209. 
 W & W, 198. 
 WW & SONS, 131. 
 WW (conjoined), 108, 166. 
 WW (in monogram), 50. 
 WW, 89. 
 WW (conjoined), 84. 
 WW (linked), 55, 209 
 WB, 32, 103, 122, 127. 
 W Wa, 93. 
 WWH,, 151. 
 Ww 
 
 WED, 85. 
 
 _ZTY (in monogram), 
 
 Wyvern, a, 164. | 
 Wyvern’s head, aaa incuse 
 WZ, 160, 173. 
 
 X, 118, 165. 
 
 YEDS, 118. 
 YG & H, 147; 18s 
 YI, 56. 
 
 ZB (the Z reversed), 1 
 
CHAPTER XXII 
 
 Early American Silver 
 
 “ % “HE earliest “American” silversmith was the Englishman, 
 te 4h # John Hull, who became the first mint master in Boston, 
 i a + in 1652. Hull, his contemporaries and successors, Dix- 
 well, Dummer, Coney, Winslow, David Jesse, and many others, 
 were all prominent in the civic life of the colonies. It is fortunate 
 for us that during most of the Colonial period very high artistic 
 standards prevailed in England, for the fashions of the new 
 country were faithfully modelled upon those prevailing in the old. 
 
 A higher standard of intelligence seemed to prevail among the 
 Colonial silversmiths, and it is generally conceded that the aver- 
 age quality of their production was higher than that in England. 
 
 In spite of the apparent temptation to fabricate early American 
 silver with forged names or marks, instances of that practice 
 must be extremely rare. Offences of that sort are very apt to 
 reach the courts and the newspapers, and the writer, though for 
 many years interested in the subject, has never heard of a case 
 or seen one instance of deliberate forgery. 
 
 Conditions of life were singularly stable in the American 
 colonies, continuing so even during the throes of the Revolution- 
 ary War. Specimens of the handiwork of New England silver- 
 smiths would only be exposed to destruction when they drifted 
 into the possession of Southern families whose personal belong- 
 ings were, in many instances, destroyed during the Civil War. 
 Consequently, a large part of the products of New England and 
 New York silversmiths has been handed down to us. 
 
 235 
 
236 Early American Silver 
 
 New York had a group of silversmiths whose work in the first 
 half of the Eighteenth Century was clearly distinguishable from 
 that of their New England contemporaries because of its Dutch 
 and French characteristics. 
 
 At the close of the Eighteenth Century, such distinctions seem 
 to have disappeared, and we can only distinguish the place of 
 origin of American silver at that period by its marks. One excep- 
 tion to this statement may be made. In 1810-1820, the silver- 
 smiths of Philadelphia had an objectionable habit of soldering 
 moulded or stamped silver strips with a stereotyped decoration 
 around the necks and bases of pieces belonging to tea and coffee 
 sets. 
 
 After spinning and stamping silver came into general use, alse 
 1840, the factory supplanted the silversmith. One or two silver- 
 smiths have continued to turn out handwrought silver up to the 
 present time, but their work is not “Early Americana.” 
 
 In the very early Colonial days our silversmiths closely 
 followed the fashion of marking employed by their English 
 fellow craftsmen; they used their initials with some symbol. 
 A little later, the use of a symbol became less frequent 
 and it became more common for the workman to impress 
 his entire name, with or without his initials. In the last quarter 
 of the Eighteenth Century that practice had become almost 
 universal, as had also the use of Roman letters, frequently all 
 capitals. Unless otherwise specified, the reader will know that 
 that type was employed. 
 
 In nearly every case, the American silvers ied Roman 
 capitals to designate their ware. In some cases, both capitals and. 
 small letters were employed: “John Brown,” for example. The 
 marks given in the following tables will show the form used, 
 without any qualifications being necessary except the word 
 “script,” where that type had been employed by the silversmiths. 
 
Early American Silver 237 
 
 The author has been enabled to give some twenty-five or thirty 
 or more marks than have hitherto been published in books on 
 this subject. | 
 
 The following list has been compiled from different sources. 
 Some of the names and the respective locations of those bearing 
 them have been gleaned from directories and the columns of old 
 newspapers. The term “silversmith” is often inaccurately 
 
 applied in both mediums and at this time it is not always pos- 
 sible to distinguish between the retailer and actual worker in 
 
 ~ silver. Many silversmiths, beginning with the Nineteenth Century, 
 ‘stamped the names of the retailer upon their wares. The custom 
 still prevails. Hence even where the name appearing here has 
 
 | been taken from a piece of silver, it may have designated a 
 dealer. Of course this caution does not apply to pieces marked 
 with initials only or a symbol (device). 
 
 I have thought it wise to make the list as comprehensive as 
 possible, and though that course excludes the possibility of strict 
 discrimination, it does enable one at least to fix the period and 
 place of production and does not present any difficulty in regard 
 to those silversmiths whose work is the most highly prized. 
 
 Abbreviations: D means that the name appeared in the local 
 directory of the year given: c. stands for circa; F for Freeman; 
 when two dates are shown (1735-1815), they represent the birth 
 and death year of the silversmith; hyphen followed by date (e.g. 
 -1815) signifies the date of the demise; one date followed by 
 hyphen (e.g., 1735—), the date of birth. A date alone, if unquali- 
 fied, means that the subject was working at that period. 
 
 Follows a key to the descriptive words used in connection with 
 the marks: 
 
KEY TO TERMS U 
 et | 'WAVY-LINED 
 CARTOUCHE eeleiter 
 
 \ 
 
 SED 
 
 CARTOUCHE 
 
 : QUATREFOIL 
 DOUBLE 
 
 | SHAPED > 
 RADIANT a CARTOUCHE 
 SUN | 
 
A SPOUT-CUP. BY” JOHN: CONEY* (BOSTON 160251722) 
 The property of Major Cortlandt Parker, U. S. A. 
 
a} 
 4 
 i 
 1 
 r 
 fim 
 te 
 
SILVERSMITHS 
 
 Aaron, Joseph 
 Abbott, John W. 
 Ackerman, David 
 Ackley, Francis W. 
 Acton, George 
 Adan, J. 
 
 Adam, John B. 
 Adams, John 
 
 Adams, Jonathan 
 Adams, Pygan 
 
 Adams, William 
 
 Adgate, William 
 Adriance, E. 
 
 Aiken, George 
 
 Ainsworth, Michael 
 Aitken, John 
 
 Aitkins, W. 
 
 Aldis, Charles 
 Alexander, A. 
 Alexander, Samuel 
 
 Alford, Samuel 
 Alford, Thomas 
 Allen, C. 
 
 Allen, James 
 Allen, Joel 
 Allen, John 
 
 Allen, John 
 Allen, Richard 
 Allen, Robert 
 Allen, Thomas 
 
 Allen & Edwards 
 
 CHAPTER XXIII 
 American Silversmiths and Their Marks 
 
 MARKS 
 
 tT 
 JABBOT in rectangle 
 F.ACKLEY in rectangle 
 
 JA (script) in oval and J Adam (script) 
 in shaped rectangle; I-ADAM in 
 shaded rectangle 
 
 J A (script) corjoined in rectangle 
 
 PA in shaped rectangle and P.A. in 
 rectangle 
 
 W.ADAMS and NEW YORK, each in 
 serrated rectangle 
 
 E.ADRIANCE, ST.LOUIS, in two 
 rectangles 
 G.Aiken in oval; G.Aiken (script) in 
 
 cartouche 
 
 I Aitkin (script) in rectangle and 
 JAIKEN in rectangle 
 
 S‘ALEXANDER in rectangle and a 
 bird in kite 
 
 C ALLEN in rectangle 
 
 IA in cartouche, IA in oval, IA in 
 shaped rectangle 
 
 {BH i 
 
 {Where no mark is given, the maker used his name or initials. 
 {I desire to express my obligation to Mr. Stephen G. C. Ensko for his courteous permission to re- 
 produce the facsimiles of American makers’ marks on this and the following pages; they have been taken 
 from American Silversmiths and Their Marks. Mr. Ensko’s book contains a very great number of such fac- 
 - similes and is on sale in his shop at 682 Lexington Avenue, New York City. 
 
 239 
 
 LOCATIONS 
 Philadelphia 
 Portsmouth, N. H. 
 New York City 
 
 Alexandria, Va. 
 New Orleans, La. 
 Alexandria, Va. 
 Dist. of Col. 
 Philadelphia 
 
 New London, Conn. 
 
 New York City 
 
 Norwich, Conn. 
 St. Louis, Mo. 
 
 Baltimore, Md. 
 Fred’k Co., Va. 
 
 Philadelphia 
 Baltimore, Md. 
 New York City 
 Philadelphia 
 
 Not traced 
 Philadelphia 
 Middletown, Conn. 
 
 Boston, Mass. 
 Philadelphia 
 
 Boston, Mass. 
 
 PERIOD 
 
 1798 
 1839 
 1818 
 
 1797 
 1795 
 
 1800 
 1822 
 
 1829 
 1783 
 
 1736 
 1830 
 1767 
 1820 
 
 1815 
 755 
 
 1785 
 1802 
 1814 
 1802 
 
 1797 
 1840 
 1762 
 
 c. 1760 
 
 1720 
 1787 
 
Pee a ae ae ye 
 N bia ave rf 
 
 ; Aa ntte™ aa ie ag 
 ? om a oe has he Ree 
 : hy bes Re ie aga an 
 240 American Silversmiths 
 SILVERSMITHS MARKS 
 
 Allison, Peter t 
 Alstyne, Jeronimus 
 Anderson, William WA in oblong 
 
 Andras, William 
 Andras & Richard 
 Andreas, Abraham 
 Andrew, John 
 
 Andrews, Abraham 
 Andrews, Henry 
 Andrews, Joseph 
 
 Andrews, Jeremiah 
 Anthony, Joseph 
 Anthony, Joseph, Jr. 
 
 Anthony, Joseph & Sons 
 Anthony, L. D. 
 Anthony, M. H. & T. 
 Anthony, Michael H. 
 Anthony, Thomas 
 Anthony, William 
 Anwy], Kenrick 
 
 Archie, John 
 Armstrong, Allen 
 
 Armstrong, John 
 Armstrong, William 
 Arnold, Thomas 
 
 Ashmead, William 
 Atherton, Nathan’ 
 Atkinson, Isaac 
 Atlee, Charles 
 Atterbury, J. 
 Austen, David 
 Austin, Benjamin 
 Austin, Ebenezer 
 
 Austin, Ebenezer J. . 
 Austin, John 
 Austin, Josiah 
 
 Austin, Nathaniel 
 Austin & Boyer 
 Avery, John 
 
 Avery, John, Jr. 
 Avery, Robert Stanton 
 Avery, Samuel 
 
 Avery, William. 
 Avery, Willis & Billis 
 Ayres, S. és 
 
 {Where no mark is given, the maker used his name or initials. 
 
 I ANDREWS in rectangle and NOR- 
 
 ANDRAS in rectangle 
 A & R in rectangle 
 
 I-ANDREW in rectangle; J.Andrews 
 (script) in cartouche 
 
 FOLK in rectangle; J] ANDREWS — : *Sckaeaaiee 
 
 in shaped rectangle Norfolk, Va. 
 
 Philadelphia — 
 
 J. Anthony (script) in shaped rec- 
 
 tangle; J A (script) in rectangle Bees 
 Protidenay ae L. ‘ : 
 
 A-Armstrong and Phia’ each in script — 
 and rectangle 
 
 TARNOLD, T A, TA, each in rec- 
 tangle 
 
 AUSTIN in cartouche, E A in rec- 
 tangle 
 
 sien ih in FIBERS 
 
 I. Aone (script) in Sten I: Aa in 
 rectangle, and I-AUSTEN in rec- 
 tangle 
 
 N-A: and AUSTIN, each in Sa 
 
 I-Austin in oblong, Boyer in cartouche 
 
 IA and JAVERY 1 in rectangle 
 
 S.AYERS-LEX.K. on riband 
 
American Silversmiths and Their Marks 
 
 SILVERSMITHS 
 
 Babcock, Samuel 
 Bacall, Thomas 
 Backus, Delucine 
 
 Baielle, Lewis 
 Bailey, Benjamin 
 
 "Bailey, E. E. & S. C. 
 
 Bailey, Edward 
 Bailey, Henry 
 
 Bailey, John 
 
 Bailey, Loring 
 Bailey, Robert H. 
 Bailey, Simon A. 
 Baily, W. 
 
 Baker, Anson 
 Baker, E. 
 
 Baker, George 
 Balch, Ebenezer 
 Balch & Fryer 
 Baldwin, Ebenezer 
 
 Baldwin, Jabez — 
 Baldwin, Jedediah 
 
 Baldwin, Stanley S. 
 
 Baldwin & Baker 
 Baldwin & Co. 
 Baldwin & Jones 
 
 Ball, Henry 
 Ba'\, John 
 
 Ball, William 
 
 Ball, Tompkins & Black 
 
 -Bancker, Adrian 
 Bangs, John 
 Barberet, Théon 
 Barbier, Peter 
 Bard, Conrad 
 Bard, J. 
 
 Bard & Hoffman 
 Bardeer, Connard 
 Bardick, George 
 Bardick, John 
 Bardon, Stephen 
 Baria, William 
 Barnes, Abraham 
 Barret, James 
 Barrett, James 
 Barrett, S. 
 
 MARKS 
 Babcock (script) in shaped rectangle 
 
 T 
 D Backus in shaped oval and 
 DBACKUS in shaped rectangle 
 
 EE & SC above BAILEY in rectangle 
 
 H-B in rectangle, anchor, sheaf of 
 wheat, and star, each in square 
 
 J-Bailey (script) in shaped rectangle, 
 NYORK in rectangle 
 
 L-B in rectangle 
 
 WBAILY in engrailed rectangle; bird 
 in cartouche 
 
 E.BAKER in rectangle 
 G.BAKER in shaped rectangle 
 E. BALCH in oval cartouche 
 
 BALDWIN in rectangle and in hol- 
 lowed letters without rectangle 
 
 BALDWIN incised 
 
 J.Baldwin in rectangle 
 
 STANLEY S.BALDWIN in rectangle 
 and NY in rectangle 
 
 BALDWIN ©& SONS in rectangle 
 BALDWIN ©& SONS in scroll 
 
 J‘BALL in rectangle and 
 JOHN)? . 
 BALL 12 cartouche 
 
 BALL in oval; W-BALL in a shaped 
 
 cartouche; WB in a box 
 
 AB in oval and AB in shaped oval 
 
 C.BARD 205 ARCH ST in rectangle 
 
 G-B in rectangle 
 
 LOCATIONS 
 
 Middletown, Conn. 
 Boston, Mass. 
 
 New York City 
 Baltimore, Md. 
 Boston, Mass. 
 Portland, Me. 
 Baltimore, Md. 
 
 Boston, Mass. 
 New York City 
 Philadelphia 
 Hingham, Mass. 
 Woodstock, Vt. 
 New York City 
 
 New York City 
 ce “ec “ee 
 «ce «< ae 
 
 Providence, R. I. 
 Hartford, Conn. 
 Albany, N. Y. 
 
 Hartford, Conn. 
 Boston, Mass. 
 
 Portsmouth, N. H. 
 
 New York City 
 Providence, R. I. 
 Newark, N. J. 
 
 Boston, Mass. 
 (79 
 
 New York City 
 
 Boston, Mass. 
 
 Philadelphia 
 New York City 
 Cincinnati, Ohio 
 New Orleans, La. 
 Philadelphia 
 
 New York City 
 Boston, Mass. 
 Norwich, Conn. 
 
 New York City 
 
 ~ Nantucket, Mass. 
 
 +Where no mark is given, the maker used his name or initials. 
 
 241 
 
 PERIOD 
 
 1812 
 1836 
 
 1792 
 1799 
 1820 
 1825 
 
 1779, 
 
 1780 
 1762 
 1785 
 1780 
 1825 
 1789 
 
 . 1810 
 
 1821 
 1761 
 1825 
 1744 
 1784 
 
 18I0O 
 1813 
 
 1793 
 
 1820 
 1817 
 1830 
 1813 
 1813 
 
 1833 
 1765 
 
 1759 
 1839 
 1731 
 1826 
 1822 
 1823 
 1825 
 1800 
 1837 
 1831 
 1790 
 1805 
 1785 
 1805 
 1716 
 1717 
 1805 
 1800 
 
242 
 
 SILVERSMITHS 
 
 MARKS 
 
 Barrington & Davenport B & D in serrated rectangle 
 
 Barrows, James M. 
 Barry, Standish 
 
 Bartholomew, Joseph 
 Bartholomew, Roswell 
 Bartholomew, Joseph 
 
 Bartlett, Edward 
 Bartlett, N. 
 Bartlett, Samuel 
 
 Barton, Erasmus 
 Bartram, William 
 Basset, Francis 
 
 Batchellor, N. 
 Bay, A. S. 
 Bayley, Alexander 
 Bayley, S. H. 
 Bayley, Simeon A. 
 
 Bayley, S. & A. 
 Bayley & Douglas 
 
 Bayly, John 
 Baysset, Joseph 
 Beach, A. 
 
 Beach, Isaac 
 Beach, Ives & Co. 
 Beach, Miles 
 
 Beach & Sanford 
 Beach & Ward 
 Beal, Caleb 
 Beam, Jacob C. 
 Beck, Thomas 
 Becker, Fredrick 
 Becker, Philip 
 Bedford, John 
 Beebe, James W. 
 Beebe, Stanton 
 Beecher, Clement 
 Beecher, C. & Co. 
 Belin, Lewis 
 Belknap, Samuel 
 Belliard, Francois 
 Belloni, Louis J. 
 
 Belloni & Durandeau 
 
 Benedict, A. C. 
 Benedict, ). 
 Benedict & Son ° 
 Benedict & Squire 
 Benjamin, Barzillai 
 
 J.M.BARROWS in rectangle 
 BARRY in shaped rectangle and 
 NO.g2 in rectangle 
 
 t 
 
 N-BARTLETT in rectangle 
 
 S.B script in rectangle and S-BART- 
 
 LETT in rectangle 
 
 BASSET in rectangle and sheaf of 
 wheat in rectangle 
 
 BAYLEY in rectangle, in shaped rec- 
 tangle, and sheaf of wheat in shaped 
 rectangle 
 
 DB & AD in rectangle, lion in rec- 
 tangle and 11? in rectangle 
 
 A:BEACH in serrated rectangle 
 
 BEACH in rectangle, M-B in rect. and 
 MB in oval 
 
 B & S, in rectangle 
 
 B & W in rectangle 
 
 BEAL in rectangle 
 
 I Bedford (script), in shaped rectangle 
 J.W.BEEBE in rectangle 
 
 A.C.BENEDICT without rectangle 
 
 BENEDICT & SQUIRE in rectangle 
 
 tWhere no mark is given, the maker used his name or initials. 
 
 American Silversmiths and Their Marks 
 
 LOCATIONS 
 
 Philadelphia 
 Tolland, Conn. 
 
 Baltimore, Md. 
 Philadelphia 
 Hartford, Conn. 
 Philadelphia 
 Philadelphia 
 Concord, Mass. 
 
 Boston, Mass. 
 New York City 
 Philadelphia 
 
 New York City 
 
 «< “ “ 
 
 Philadelphia 
 New Orleans, La. 
 Hartford, Conn. 
 
 New Milford, Conn. 
 
 New York City 
 
 Litchfield, Conn. 
 Hartford, Conn. 
 Hartford, Conn. 
 Boston, Mass. 
 Philadelphia 
 
 New York City 
 Lancaster, Pa. 
 Fishkill, N. Y. 
 New York City 
 Providence, R. I. 
 Meriden, Conn. 
 
 Philadelphia 
 Boston, Mass. 
 New Orleans, La. 
 New York City 
 
 ae ae “ 
 
 New Haven, Conn. 
 
SILVERSMITHS 
 Benjamin, Benjamin 
 
 Benjamin, Everard 
 Benjamin, John 
 Benjamin, Samuel C. 
 Benjamin, Solomon 
 Bennet, James 
 Bennett, Jacob 
 Bentley, Thomas 
 
 Bentson, Peter 
 Berard, Andrew 
 Berard, E. 
 
 Berkenbush, Charles H. 
 
 Berry, William 
 Besley, Thauvet 
 Besselievre, Thomas 
 Best, Joseph 
 Bevan, Richard 
 Bigelow, John 
 Bigelow & Bros. 
 Biggs, Joseph 
 Bigotut, S. 
 Bijotal, Silvian A. 
 Billings, A. 
 
 Billings, Daniel 
 Bingham, John 
 Binneau, Theodore 
 Bird, Conard 
 Bissbrown, Thomas 
 Black, James 
 Black, John 
 
 Black, William 
 
 Blackman, Frederick S. 
 Blackman, F. S. & Co. 
 
 Blackman, John C. 
 Blackman, John S, 
 Blakslee, William 
 Blakslee, Ziba 
 Blanchard, Asa 
 
 Blauvelt, John W. 
 Bleasom & Reed 
 
 Bliss, Jonathan 
 Blondell, Anthony 
 Blondell & Descuret 
 Blowers, John 
 
 Boehler, Andreas W. 
 
 MARKS 
 
 BB in rectangle and B. Benjamin in 
 rectangle 
 
 E: BENJAMIN in an oblong 
 
 I-B in rectangle 
 
 BENTLEY in rectangle, TB in oval, U 
 in rectangle, and sheaf of wheat in 
 vertical oval 
 
 E | Sa in shaped cartouche 
 B surmounted by a crown, both incised 
 
 JOHN BIGELOW in rectangle 
 BIGELOW & BROS. in rectangle 
 
 OG - MQxHYHZ0 ~ in long rec- 
 tangle 
 D.Billings (script) in long oval 
 
 J.B in rectangle, repeated 
 
 F.S.Blackman without rectangle 
 
 F.S.B & CO. in rectangle 
 
 J.S.B in oval 
 
 A + BLANCHARD in rectangle and 
 A: BLANCHARD in long oval 
 
 BLEASOM & REED NASSAU, with- 
 out rectangle 
 
 BLOWERS in oblong; Blowers (script) 
 
 in oval cartouche 
 
 {Where no mark is given, the maker used his name or initials. 
 
 American Silversmiths and Their Marks 
 
 LOCATIONS 
 
 New Haven, Conn. 
 «6 
 
 “e “ee 
 
 Stratford, Conn. 
 
 New Haven, Conn. 
 
 Baltimore, Md. 
 New York City 
 Philadelphia 
 
 Boston, Mass. 
 
 Philadelphia 
 New York City 
 Phila-elphia 
 Baltimore, Md. 
 Boston, Mass. 
 New York City 
 Preston, Conn. 
 
 ce «e 
 
 Newark, N. J. 
 Philadelphia 
 
 Albany, N. Y. 
 
 - Philadelphia 
 
 New York City 
 Danbury, Conn. 
 
 Newtown, Conn. 
 
 “ec «e 
 
 Lexington, Ky. 
 New York City 
 
 Nassau, N. H. 
 
 Middletown, Conn. 
 
 Philadelphia 
 
 Boston, Mass. 
 
 New York City 
 
 243 
 
 PERIOD 
 
 1826 
 1828 
 seh | 
 1819 
 1817 
 1773 
 1839 
 
 1786 
 1718 
 E79] 
 1800 
 
 1825 
 1805 
 1727 
 1831 
 1723 
 1804 
 1830 
 1840 
 1830 
 1800 
 
 1795 
 1780 
 
 1795 
 1664 
 
 1820 
 1831 
 1790 
 1795 
 1811 
 1833 
 1832 
 1840 
 1829 
 1798 
 1820 
 
 1790 
 
 1810 
 1835 
 
 1830 
 1800 
 1797 
 1798 
 
 1731 
 1784 
 
24.4 
 SILVERSMITHS 
 
 Boehme, Charles L. 
 Boelen, Henricus 
 Boelen, Jacob 
 
 Boelen, Jacob 
 Boemper, Abraham 
 Bogardus, Everadus 
 Bogert, Albert 
 Bogert, Nicholas J. 
 Bolton, James 
 Bonjean, Victor 
 Bontecou, Timothy 
 
 Bontecou, Timothy, Jr. 
 
 Boone, Jeremiah 
 Bordeaux, Augustine 
 Boss and Kindell 
 Bosworth, Samuel 
 Botsford, Gideon B. 
 Boudar, Joseph 
 Boudinot, Elias: 
 
 Boudo, Louis 
 Boullien, Mousier 
 Bourdet, Stephen 
 Boutier, John 
 Boutelle, James 
 Bouvar, Joseph 
 Bower, C. 
 Bowne, Samuel 
 Boyce, Geradus 
 Boyce, James 
 Boyce, Jared 
 Boyce, John 
 Boyce & Jones 
 
 Boyd, Joseph W. 
 Boyd, William 
 Boyd & Hoyt 
 Boyd & Mulford 
 Boyer, Daniel 
 
 Brabant, Isaac 
 Bradbury, Theophilas 
 
 Bradbury & Brother 
 Bradley, Abner 
 
 Bradley, Luther 
 Bradley, Phineas 
 Bradley, Richard 
 Bradley, Zebul 
 
 MARKS 
 CLBoehme (script) in rectangle and 
 Sterling (script) in shaped rectangle 
 HB conjoined in cartouche; HB con- 
 joined in shield 
 IB in cartouche with escalloped top, I 
 has two radiating arms, forming cross 
 
 3 
 
 E B in rectangle 
 
 N.J.BOGERT in rectangle 
 
 TB: without rectangle 
 TB in oval 
 IBOONE in serrated rectangle 
 
 BOSWORTH in rectangle 
 G. B. BOTSFORD in rectangle 
 EB; and BOUDINOT, each in rec- 
 
 tangle 
 LsBOUDO in rectangle 
 
 J.BOUTIER in ob:ong 
 
 'S:Bowne in rectangle 
 
 G:BOYCE, G.B, NY, each in rectangle 
 
 J.B & NY, each in rectangle 
 
 B & J in rectangle; N YORK in rec- 
 tangle 
 
 J.W.B. in rectangle 
 
 BRADBURY and 1825, each in rec- 
 tangle; Bradbury in rectangle; rose, 
 
 figure, B in cartouches 
 
 Cross mark in circle and AABRADLEY 
 in rectangle 
 
 PB in rectangle 
 
 Z. BRADLEY in serrated rectangle 
 
 tWhere no mark is given, the maker used -his name or initials. 
 
 American Silversmiths and Their Marks 
 
 ‘LOCATIONS 
 
 Baltimore, Md. 
 
 New York City 
 
 Bethlehem, Pa. 
 New York City 
 
 «ce “ “ae 
 
 New Orleans, La. 
 New Haven, Conn 
 « “ee 
 
 “ce ‘ 
 
 Philadelphia 
 
 New York City 
 Buffalo, N. Y. 
 Woodbury, Conn. 
 New York City 
 
 Philadelphia 
 Charleston, S. C. 
 Philadelphia 
 New York Cit 
 
 «ec “ “ec 
 
 Worcester, Mass. 
 Philadelphia 
 
 New York City 
 
 Boston, Mass. 
 Savannah, Ga. 
 
 Newburyport, Mass. 
 
 New Haven, Conn. 
 
 «“ “ce “cs 
 
 “cc “ 46 
 
 Hartford, Conn. 
 New Haven, Conn. 
 
American Silversmiths and Their Marks 
 
 SILVERSMITHS 
 Bradley & Bunce 
 Bradley & Merriman 
 Brady, E. 
 
 Brady, William V. 
 Brainerd, Charles 
 Bramhall, S. 
 Brasher, A. 
 Brasher, Ephraim 
 
 Brasher, E. & Co. 
 Brasher & Alexander 
 Bray, Henry 
 
 Breed, John 
 
 Breed, William 
 
 Brenton, Benjamin 
 Brevoort, John 
 
 Brewer, Charles 
 
 Brewer & Co. 
 Brewer & Mann 
 Brewster, Abel 
 Bridge, John 
 
 Brigden, C. 
 
 Brigden, Timothy 
 Brigden, Zachariah 
 
 Bright, Anthony 
 Brinkley, William 
 
 Brinton, Gordon & Quick 
 
 Britton, Isaac 
 Britton, Jacob 
 Broadhurst, Samuel 
 
 Brock, John 
 Brock, L. 
 
 Brookhouse, Robert 
 Brooks, Samuel 
 Brothears, Michael 
 Brower, S. D. 
 Brower, S. & B. 
 Brower & Rusher 
 Brown, Alexander 
 Brown, D. 
 
 Brown, Ebenezer 
 Brown, Henry 
 
 MARKS 
 
 t 
 
 B&M in cartouche 
 
 E-BRADY in © shaped 
 BRADY in rectangle 
 
 rectangle; 
 
 S.BRAMHALL in rectangle 
 
 ABRASHER in rectangle 
 
 EB in rectangle, EB in oval. and 
 Brasher in rectangle 
 
 E-B & CO in rectangle 
 
 WBreed (script) in rectangle; WB in 
 a heart; W B (script) in rectangle 
 
 BB in rectangle 
 
 B in trefoil, IBV in shaped rectangle, 
 IV 
 
 C BREWER in shaped rectangle; same 
 in rectangle; C Brewer (script) in 
 cartouche 
 
 I BRIDGE in wavy oblong and 
 BRIDGE in cartouche 
 
 C.B in shaped rectangle, C-B in car- 
 touche, and C-B in_ rectangle; 
 BRIGDEN in shaped rectangle 
 
 Z’B in rectangle, Z.Brigden in cartouche 
 
 I BROCK, NEW YORK, each in rec- 
 tangle 
 
 L.BROCK, in rectangle with serrated 
 ends, NEW YORK in rectangle 
 
 RB (script) in oval : 
 
 Brooks in rectangle with escalloped ends 
 
 S. & B. BROWER in rectangle 
 B&R in rectangle 
 
 D.BROWN in rough rectangle 
 
 tWhere no mark is given, the maker used his name or initials. 
 
 LOCATIONS 
 
 Hartford, Conn. 
 
 New Haven, Conn. 
 
 New York City 
 
 Hartford, Conn. 
 Plymouth, Mass. 
 New York City 
 
 Philadelphia 
 Colchester, Conn. 
 
 Boston, Mass. 
 Newport, R. I. 
 
 New York City 
 
 Middletown, Conn. 
 
 “a « 
 
 Norwich, Conn. 
 
 Boston, Mass. 
 
 “e «e 
 
 Albany, N. Y. 
 Boston, Mass. 
 
 Philadelphia 
 New York City 
 Boston, Mass. 
 Philadelphia 
 
 New York City 
 
 Salem, Mass. 
 Philadelphia 
 
 Albany, N. Y. 
 New York City 
 Philadelphia 
 
 Boston, Mass. 
 
 Philadelphia 
 
 245 
 
 PERIOD 
 1830 
 1826 
 
 1825 
 1835 
 1809 
 1863 
 
 1790 
 
 1766 
 1790 
 1800 
 1799 
 WG a 
 
 1750 
 1731 
 pe 
 T7175 
 
 1810 
 1810 
 1803 
 
 1797 
 1751 
 
 1770 
 1813 
 1734 
 1787 
 1739 
 1802 
 1780 
 1811 
 1807 
 
 1724 
 1833 
 
 1830 
 1750 
 1793 
 1772 
 1834 
 1810 
 1834 
 1840 
 1811 
 1793 
 1777 
 
27, 
 e 
 Wt 
 
 246 
 
 SILVERSMITHS 
 
 Brown, James 
 Brown, Jesse 
 Brown, John 
 Brown, Robert 
 
 Brown, Samuel C. 
 
 Brown & Houlton 
 Brown, Liberty 
 Browne & Seal 
 Bruff, Charles O. 
 Brut, Joseph 
 Brush, Edward 
 Bryan, Philip 
 Buché, Peter 
 Buchoz, I. R. 
 Buckley, J. B. 
 Buckley & Anderson 
 Buddy, Daniel 
 Buel, Abel 
 
 Buel, D. H. 
 
 Buel, John 
 
 Buel, Samuel 
 
 Buel & Greenleaf 
 Buel & Mix 
 
 Bull, Caleb 
 
 Bull, Epaphras 
 Bull, G. W. 
 
 Bull, Martin 
 
 Bull & Morrison 
 Bumn, Peter 
 Bumm & Shepper 
 Bunker, Benjamin 
 Burdick, William S. 
 Burdock, George 
 Burdock, Nicholas 
 Burgalie, J. P. 
 Burger, David I. 
 Burger, John 
 
 Burger, John 
 
 Burger, Thomas 
 Burnham, Robert 
 Burkloe, Samuel 
 Burnap, Daniel 
 Burnet, Samuel 
 Burnet & Ryder 
 
 Burnett, Charles A. 
 
 Burns, Anthony 
 
 MARKS 
 
 R.BROWN in oblong with curved ends 
 and 10 oz 13 in oval 
 
 S.BROWN in rectangle 
 
 C.O.B. in rectangle 
 
 BRYAN, rough capitals in rectangle 
 
 «e 
 
 Baltimore, Md. a \ 
 New York City ie 
 Baltimore, Md. | 
 Philadelphia te 
 New York City * 
 Philadelphia 
 New York City _ 
 Philadelphia 
 New York City 
 Philadelphia ae Site 
 
 «ce 
 
 BUEL in serrated rectangle and A.B. a 
 
 in fringed oval 
 
 S.B in square 
 
 G.W.BULL in rectangle 
 
 D-I- BURgER in a shaped cartouche 
 
 BURGER in rectangle; NEW YORK 
 in rectangle 
 
 Burger in shaded rectangle; N.York in 
 rectangle 
 
 B and R (script initials in capitals) in 
 rude rectangle 
 
 C.A.B. in rectangle and C.A. Burnett 
 in rectangle 
 
 tWhere no mark is given, the maker used his name or initials. 
 
 Famine Conn. 
 
 Hartford, Coane . 
 
 New Gene: cal 
 Hartford, Conn. 
 New Haven, Conn, — 
 
 600 on be rs haan 
 
 Haniack Came ay 
 Boston, Mass. . 
 
 Philadelphia 
 
 Providende R. L a 
 New Haven, Cor 
 
 Pua = © 
 East Windsor, Cor 
 Nene N ge 
 
 san = 
 
American Silversmiths and Their Marks 
 
 SILVERSMITHS 
 Burns, James 
 Burns, John H. 
 Burot, Andrew 
 Burr, A. C. 
 
 Burr, Christopher A. 
 
 Burr, C.A. & Co. 
 Burr, Ezekiel 
 
 Burr, E. & W. 
 Burr, William 
 Burr & Lee 
 Burrill, Joseph 
 Burrill, Samuel 
 
 Burrill, Samuel, Jr. 
 
 Burrill, Theophilus 
 Burrows, William 
 Burt, Benjamin 
 
 Burt, John 
 
 Burt, Samuel 
 Burt, William 
 
 Burton, Jacob 
 Bushnell, Phineas 
 Bussey, Benjamin 
 Bussey, Thomas 
 Buswell, Jason 
 Butler, Henry W. 
 Butler, James 
 
 Butler, John 
 Butler, N. 
 Butler, N. H. 
 Butler & Little 
 Byrne, James 
 Byrne, James 
 
 Cady, Samuel 
 Cady & Backus 
 Calder & Co. 
 Caldwell, E. 
 
 Cammon, Alexander 
 
 Camoin 
 
 Camp, Elias 
 
 MARKS 
 
 A.C.BURR in rectangle 
 
 E BURR in rectangle and E.BURR in 
 
 oval; E. Burr (script) in oval 
 
 S:Burrill in rectangle; S:Burrill in 
 shaped rectangle; S-B in oval; S-B 
 dots above in cartouche, and S-B in 
 heart 
 
 BENJAMIN in a cartouche; BURT 
 BURT and B-BURT each in a rec- 
 tangle. 
 
 JOHN italic capitals in oval; IB with . 
 
 BURT a pellet below and crown above 
 in a cartouche. I BURT in cartouche 
 SAMUEL in a cartouche; SB in a 
 BURT square. 
 W.BURT in a rude oblong; W BURT 
 in rectangle 
 
 B B in rectangle 
 
 IB crowned in shield; IB; IB crowned 
 in cartouche; J.BUTLER in rectangle 
 I B in circle and J BUTLER in oblong 
 
 7. Byrne in shaped cartouche 
 
 A:C in square 
 
 Campbell, Christopher CAMPBELL in rude rectangle — 
 
 {Where no mark is given, the maker used his name or initials. 
 
 LOCATIONS 
 
 Philadelphia 
 New York City 
 Baltimore, Md. 
 Providence, R. I. 
 
 Boston, Mass. 
 
 Boston, Mass. 
 “ec “ce 
 New London, Conn. 
 
 Philadelphia 
 
 Boston, Mass. 
 
 Philadelphia 
 Guilford, Conn. 
 Dedham, Mass. 
 Baltimore, Md. 
 Portsmouth, N, H. 
 Philadelphia 
 
 Boston, Mass. 
 Portland, Me. 
 Utica IN; Y< 
 Philadelphia 
 Portland, Me. 
 New York City 
 Philadelphia 
 
 New York City 
 
 Albany, N. Y. 
 New York City 
 Albany, N. Y. 
 Philadelphia 
 
 Bridgeport, Conn. 
 
 New York City 
 
 247 
 
 PFRIOD 
 
 1810 
 1835 
 181g 
 181s 
 1810 
 1820 
 
 1815 
 4793 
 
 a7a3 
 1815 
 
 1823 
 
 1733 
 1829 
 1736 
 1831 
 
 1750 
 
 1712 
 1746 
 
 1747 
 1839 
 1762 
 1778 
 1799 
 1839 
 1833 
 
 1734 
 1765 
 1800 
 1837 
 ¥759 
 1789 
 1780 
 
 1792 
 1792 
 1830 
 1800 
 1813 
 1797 
 18265 
 1808 
 
248 
 
 ‘SILVERSMITHS 
 
 Campbell, John W. 
 Campbell, R. 
 Campbell, Thomas 
 Campbell, W. 
 Canavillo, Antonio 
 Canavillo, S. 
 Candee, Lewis B. 
 Candell, Charles 
 Canfield, Samuel 
 Canfield & Brother 
 Canfield & Foot 
 Cann, John 
 
 Cant, Godfrey 
 Caralin, Pierce 
 Carbin, Theodore 
 Cario, Michael 
 Cario, William 
 
 Cariolle—— 
 Carlile, Abraham 
 Carman, John 
 Carman, John 
 Carman, Samuel 
 Carpenter, Joseph 
 Carrel, Daniel 
 Cartel, John & Daniel 
 Carribec, Peter 
 Carroll, James 
 Carson, Thomas 
 Carson & Hall 
 Cary, Lewis 
 
 Case, George 
 Casey, Gideon 
 
 Casey, Samuel 
 
 Cashell, Randall H. 
 Cassedy, Andrew 
 Caston, Francoise 
 Cerneau, John 
 Cerneau, Joseph 
 Cerneau & Co. 
 Chadwick, Thomas 
 Chamberlain, Wilson 
 Champlin, John 
 Chandler, Stephen 
 Chapin, Aaron 
 Chapin, Alexander 
 Chase, J. D. 
 
 Chase & Easton 
 Chat, Claudius 
 Chaudrons, Simon 
 
 MARKS 
 
 t 
 T CAMPBELL in rectangle 
 
 C C (script capitals) in rectangle 
 CANFIELD in oval 
 
 W.CARIO- in shaped oblong; 
 W.CARIO in engrailed rectangle 
 
 A. Carlile (script) in rectangle 
 
 CARREL in rectangle 
 
 L.CARY in engrailed scroll a 
 with rosettes 
 
 G:CASEY in shaped rectangle 
 
 S:Casey in rectangle 
 
 {Where no mark is given, the maker used his name or initials. 
 
 Albany, N. Y. © 
 “ i<9 . 
 
 Baltimore, Md. — 
 New York City ts 
 Philadelphia ¥ . 
 New York City 
 
 Woodbury, Conn. 
 
 New York City 
 Middletown, Conn, 
 Baltimore, Md. =>) 
 Middletown, oie iA 
 New York City af 
 
 “ “é “cc 
 
 Philadelphia 
 New York City 
 
 “ 6 2 page 
 
 New Orleans, La. ae 
 Philadelphia 
 
 New York City 
 
 Norwich: Res 2 : 
 
 Philadelphia ie 
 pert ie 
 
 “ 
 
 New York City 
 
 Boston, Mass. 
 E. Hartford, Conn. — 
 South Kingston fe 
 
 Newport, R. I. 
 South Kingston & 
 
 Newport, R. I. _ 
 Philadelphia 
 Philadelphia — 
 New York Ci 
 
 66 or Se ie = 
 Philadelphia 
 Portsmouth, N. 
 New Lanne: Con 
 New York City — 
 Hartford, Conn. — 
 Hartford, Conn. 
 New York Cig 
 Brooklyn, N. Y. 
 Poe ee. 
 
American Silversmiths and Their Marks 
 
 SILVERSMITHS 
 
 Chaudrons, S. & Co. 
 Chaudrons & Rasch 
 Chene, Daniel 
 Cherry, James 
 
 Chevalier, Clement E. 
 
 Chevalier & Tanguay 
 Childs, George H. 
 Chitrey, Peter 
 Chittenden, Beriah 
 Chitten, Ebenezer 
 
 Church, Joseph 
 Church, Ralph 
 Church & Rogers 
 Churchill, Jesse 
 
 Churchill & Treadwell 
 
 Churchwell, Charles 
 Clapp, Philip 
 Clapp & Riker 
 Clark, Andrew 
 Clark, C & G. 
 Clark, Charles 
 Clark, Curtis 
 Clark, George C. 
 Clark, George D. 
 Clark, Henry 
 Clark, I. 
 
 Clark, I. & H. 
 Clark, J. H. 
 Clark, Joseph 
 Clark, Levi 
 
 Clark, Metcalf B 
 Clark, Peter G. 
 Clark, Richard 
 -Clark, Samuel 
 Clark, Thomas 
 Clark, William 
 Clark & Anthony ~ 
 Clark & Brother 
 Clark & Coit 
 Clarke, Jonathan | 
 
 Cleveland, Aa:on 
 / 
 
 Cleveland, Benjamin 
 
 Cleveland, William 
 Cleveland & Post 
 Cline, Charles 
 
 MARKS 
 
 P. Chitrey in oval 
 
 EC in square; EC in oval; E. Chitten- 
 
 den in rectangle 
 
 CHURCHILL in - rectangle; 
 I. CHURCHILL in rectangle 
 CHURCHILL & 
 TREADWELL 
 
 in rectangle 
 
 G.C.CLARK in rectangle 
 G.D.CLARK in rectangle 
 
 [ReH-CLARK) 
 J. H. CLARK in rectangle 
 TAR 1D 
 CLARK in rectangle; 
 in rectangle 
 
 NORWALK 
 
 T.Clark in shaped cartouche 
 
 WC in oval cartouche 
 
 IC in square; J Clarke (script) in oval; 
 J.CLARKE in rectangle 
 
 AC in octagon; A CLEVELAND in 
 oblong with curved ends 
 
 B CLEVELAND in long oval pinched 
 to separate initial from name 
 
 Cleveland and WC, each in rectangle 
 
 C & P in rectangle 
 
 +Where no mark is given, the maker used his name or initials. 
 
 LOCATIONS 
 
 Philadelphia 
 
 New York City 
 Philadelphia 
 
 ac 
 e 
 
 ae 
 
 New York City 
 
 New Haven, Conan. 
 
 Buffalo, N. Y. 
 
 New Haven, Conn. 
 
 Boston, Mass. 
 
 Hartford, Conn. 
 Philadelphia 
 New York City 
 Boston, Mass. 
 
 New York City 
 Providence, R. I. 
 Baltimore, Md. 
 Philadelphia 
 Boston, Mass. 
 
 Portsmouth, N. H. 
 
 New York City 
 Danbury, Conn. 
 
 Norwalk, Conn. 
 Boston, Mass. 
 
 New Haven, Conn. 
 
 New York City 
 Boston, Mass. 
 Bridgeport, Conn. 
 New York City 
 Norwalk, Conn. 
 Norwich, Conn. 
 
 Newport, R. I. 
 
 Norwich, Conn. 
 
 Philadelphia | 
 
 249 
 PERIOD 
 
 1807 
 1812 
 1786 
 1824 
 1816 
 1816 
 1828 
 1814 
 1787 
 
 1747 
 1818 
 
 1832 
 1825 
 
 E794 
 
 1794 
 1781 
 1802 
 1802 
 1744 
 1833 
 1798 
 1823 
 1824 
 1826 
 1813 
 
 1754 
 
 1821 
 1812 
 17gI 
 
 1823 
 
 1835 
 181o 
 1795 
 1673 
 1770 
 1774 
 1790 
 1825 
 1820 
 
 1734 
 
 1820 
 
 1760 
 1815 
 1815 
 1829 
 
250 American Silversmiths and Their Marks 
 
 SILVERSMITHS 
 
 Cobb, Ephraim 
 Coburn, John 
 
 Coddington, John 
 
 Codman, Willard 
 Coe & Upton 
 Coen, Daniel B. 
 Coffman, William 
 Coggeswell, H. 
 Cohen, Barrow A. 
 Cohen, William 
 
 Coignard, Louis 
 Coit, E. 
 
 Coit, Thomas C. 
 Coit & Mansfield 
 Cole, Ebenezer 
 Cole, Jacob 
 Cole, John 
 Coleman, B. 
 Coleman, C. C. 
 
 Coleman, John 
 
 Coleman, Nathaniel 
 
 Coleman, S. 
 Coley, Simeon 
 Coley, William ~ 
 Collet, J. B. 
 Collette, Lambert 
 Collins, Arnold 
 Collins, W. & L. 
 Colner, John 
 Colonel, John 
 Colton, Levi 
 Colton, Oren 
 Colton & Baldwin 
 Colton & Collins 
 
 Coney, John 
 
 Connor, John H. 
 Conyers, Joseph 
 Conyers, Richard 
 Cook, John 
 
 Cook & Co. 
 Cooke, Joseph 
 Cooke & Co. 
 
 Coolidge, Joseph, Jr. 
 
 MARKS 
 
 E.Cobb in oval and EC in rectangle; 
 E COBB in rectangle. 
 
 I-C in square; IC in square; and J CO- 
 BURN in rectangle. 
 
 IC in a turnip- or beet-shaped car- 
 touche 
 
 , 
 
 H. COGGSWELL in rectangle 
 
 E.COIT and PURE COIN, each in 
 rectangle . 
 
 T.C.C (script) in rectangle 
 
 C & M in an oblong; same in a hexagon 
 
 B.COLEMAN in rectangle 
 
 N. COLEMAN in rectangle; NC in 
 oval 
 
 S. COLEMAN in rectangle 
 W. COLEY (script) in shaped oval 
 
 AC in heart; AC in shield; AC in square 
 
 emey § © 
 
 J H CONNOR in serrated rectangle 
 
 I COOK in rectangle; COOK in an 
 oval; JCOOK in rectangle 
 
 COOLIDGE in shaped ovalf 
 
 TWhere no mark is given, the maker used his name or initials. 
 TA shaped oval follows the upper and lower contour of letters. 
 
 LOCATIONS 
 
 Boston, Mass. 
 
 Newport, R. I. 
 Boston, Mass. 
 New York City 
 Philadelphia 
 Boston, Mass. 
 New York City 
 Alexandria, Va. 
 Dist. of Col. 
 New York City 
 
 Norwich, Conn. 
 “ce ““ 
 “ec “se 
 
 New York City 
 Philadelphia 
 Boston, Mass, 
 
 Burlington, N. J. 
 
 ° 
 oe 
 
 New York City 
 
 Burlington, N. J. 
 
 New York City 
 
 Buffalo, N. Y. 
 Newport, R. I. 
 New York Cit 
 
 “cc “ce “< 
 
 Philadelphia 
 New York City 
 
 « ‘ 
 
 sé “ “ec 
 
 Boston, Mass. 
 
 New York City 
 Boston, Mass. 
 
 New York City 
 New York City 
 Philadelphia 
 
 Boston, Mass 
 
 PERIOD 
 
 1729 
 
 1750 
 
 1711 
 1839 
 1840 
 1787 
 1839 
 1760 
 1825 
 
 1833 
 1805 
 
 1820 
 1812 
 1816 
 1818 
 1785 
 1686 
 1785 
 1835 
 1814 
 
 1786 
 1805 
 1767 
 1801 
 1805 
 1835 
 1690 
 1830 
 1818 
 1804 
 1825 
 1818 
 1819 
 1832 
 
 1676 
 
 1835 
 1708 
 1688 
 
 1795 
 E797 
 1785 
 1785 
 
 1773 
 
American Silversmiths and Their Marks 
 
 SILVERSMITHS 
 Cooper, 
 Cooper, B. 
 
 Cooper, B. & J. 
 Cooper, John 
 Cooper, Joseph 
 Copp, Joseph 
 Copp, Nathaniel P. 
 Corley, William 
 Cornelison, Cornelius 
 Cornelius, Christian 
 Cornell, Walter 
 Corrin, Josiah 
 Courcelle, Hilaire 
 Couvertie, Louis 
 Coverly, Thomas 
 Cowell, William 
 
 Cowell, William, Jr. 
 
 Cowan, William D. 
 Cox, John 
 
 Craft, Stephen 
 Craig, James 
 Crandall, Benjamin 
 Crandall, Benjamin 
 Crane, Stephen M. 
 Cranston, Samuel 
 
 Crawford, John 
 
 Crittenden, Newton E. 
 Crone, Henry 
 
 Crosby, Jonathan 
 Cummings, David B. 
 Currier & Trott 
 Currin, Joseph 
 
 Curry, John 
 
 Curry & Preston 
 Curtis, Candee & Styles 
 
 Curtis, Daniel 
 
 Curtis, Joel 
 
 Curtis, Lewis 
 
 Curtis, Thomas 
 
 Curtiss & Candee 
 Curtiss & Duning 
 Curtiss, Candee & Stiles 
 Curtiss & Stiles 
 
 -W:COWELL in 
 
 MARKS 
 
 C CORNELIUS in rectangle 
 CORNELL in rectangle 
 
 L’COUVERTIE in rectangle 
 
 T:COVERLY in rectangle 
 
 WC in oval; W.COWELL in cartouche; 
 WC surmounted by star and pellets 
 in a shaped shield; WC in scroll; WC 
 in rectangle 
 
 shaped rectangle; 
 W.COWELL in shaped oval; W 
 COWELL (script) in cartouche 
 
 W.COWAN in shaped rectangle 
 
 J.CRAWFORD in rectangle J (script) 
 Crawford (italics) in rectangle 
 
 JC in double circle 
 Currier & Trott, in rectangle 
 
 J.CURRY in rectangle; J in square 
 with rounded lower corners; and 
 PHILA in rectangle 
 
 CURRY & PRESTON in serrated rec- 
 tangle; C & P in square 
 
 CURTIS, CANDEE & STYLES IN 
 rectangle 
 
 L,Curtis in rectangle 
 
 CURTISS & DUNING in scroll 
 
 Name in capitals in rectangle 
 
 {Where no mark is given, the maker used his name or initials. 
 
 LOCATIONS 
 
 Philadelphia 
 New York City 
 
 New London, Conn, 
 
 Albany, N. Y. 
 New York City 
 
 Philadelphia 
 Providence R. I. 
 Philadelphia 
 New Orleans, La. 
 
 Newburyport, Mass. 
 
 Boston, Mass. 
 
 Boston, Mass, 
 Philadelphia 
 
 New York City 
 Williamsburg, Va. 
 Providence, R. I. 
 
 Portsmouth, N. H. 
 
 New York City 
 Newport, R. I. 
 
 New York City 
 Cleveland, Ohio 
 
 Boston, Mass. 
 Philadelphia 
 
 Boston, Mass. 
 
 Philadelphia 
 
 Woodbury, Conn. 
 
 Wolcott, Conn. 
 
 Farmington, Conn. 
 
 New York City 
 Woodbury, Conn. 
 
 oe oe 
 
 66 “e 
 
 251 
 
 PERIOD 
 
 1816 
 1814 
 18I0O 
 1814 
 1770 
 1754 
 1834 
 1811 
 1711 
 1810 
 1780 
 1823 
 1822 
 1822 
 1760 
 
 1793 
 
 1736 
 1808 
 1818 
 1811 
 1750 
 1824 
 1839 
 1813 
 1684 
 
 1815 
 1839 
 1780 
 1769 
 181I 
 1836 
 1829 
 
 1831 
 1831 
 
 1831 
 1825 
 1810 
 
 1795 
 
 1835 
 1826 
 
 1828 
 1825 
 
 1835 
 
252 
 
 SILVERSMITHS 
 
 Cushman, Isaac 
 Cutler, A. 
 
 Cutler, E. 
 Cutler, Richard 
 Cutler, Richard, Jr. 
 
 Cutler, Richard & Sons 
 Cutler, Silliman, Ward 
 
 & Co. 
 Cutler, William 
 Cutter, William 
 
 Dagget, Henry 
 Dallon, John 
 
 Dally, Philip 
 
 Dally & Halsey 
 Dane, Thomas 
 Daniels, Charles W. 
 Dargee, John 
 
 Daubayson, Victoire 
 
 Dauce, Simon 
 Davenport, Robert 
 Davenport, Samuel 
 Daverne, John 
 David, John 
 
 David, John, Jr. 
 David, Lewis A. 
 David, Peter 
 David & Dupuy 
 Davis, E. 
 
 Davis, Elias 
 Davis, Joshua G. 
 Davis, T. A. 
 Davis, William 
 Davis & Babbitt 
 Davis & Brown 
 Davis & Watson 
 
 Davison, Brazillai 
 Davison, Charles 
 Davy, Adam 
 Dawes, William 
 Dawson, John 
 Dawson, William 
 Deane, James 
 Deas, David 
 Decker, J. 
 Delagrow, Andrew 
 Delano, Jabez 
 Delarue, John 
 
 MARKS 
 
 T 
 
 A.CUTLER, BOSTON, each in rec- 
 tangle 
 
 E. CUTLER in rectangle 
 
 T.DANE in cartouche 
 
 I DAVID in rectangle; DAVID in 
 rectangle; ID in oval 
 J:D in oval; JD in square; JD in oval 
 
 P.D in cartouche; PD in oval 
 
 ED in rectangle; E DAVIS in oblong; 
 E DAVIS in oval; E D in rectangle 
 
 with a lion passant 
 
 IDAVIS in serrated rectangle 
 T.A.DAVIS in rude rectangle 
 
 DAVIS & BROWN in rectangle 
 D & W (script) in rectangle, probably 
 dealers only 
 
 C.DAVISON in serrated rectangle 
 
 {Where no mark is given, the maker used his name or initials. 
 
 American Silversmiths and Their Marks 
 
 LOCATIONS 
 Boston, Mass. 
 
 ae “ 
 
 New Haven, Conn. 
 ‘ 
 
 “cc ‘ 
 
 “ee “cc oe 
 
 Portland, Me. 
 
 New Haven, Conn. 
 
 Philadelphia 
 New York Cit 
 Boston, Mass. 
 Troy, Nit 
 New York City 
 Philadelphia 
 
 “ée 
 
 Milton, Mass. 
 Baltimore, Md. 
 
 Philadelphia 
 
 “ 
 “ce 
 
 “ 
 
 Newburyport, R. I. 
 
 Boston, Mass. 
 Boston, Mass. 
 ce “se 
 
 Providence, R. I. 
 Boston, Mass, 
 
 “cc “ 
 
 Norwich, Conn. 
 ce “cc 
 
 Philadelphia 
 Boston, Mass. 
 New York City 
 Philadelphia 
 New York City 
 Philadelphia 
 New York City 
 Philadelphia 
 
 New Bedford, Mass. 
 
 New Orleans, La: 
 
 PERIOD 
 1823 
 
 1820 
 1820 
 1760 
 1800 
 1800 
 
 1767 
 1806 
 1823 
 
 1763 
 1791 
 1780 
 1787 
 1745 
 1836 
 1810 
 1820 
 1798 
 1808 
 
 “ 1741 
 
 1799 
 
 1763 
 1785 
 1823 
 1738 
 1792 
 
 1775 
 1796 
 1824 
 1823 
 1820 
 1802 
 
 1815 
 1765 
 1805 
 1795 
 1766 
 1769 
 1793 
 1760 
 1831 
 1830 
 1795 
 1784 
 1822 
 
American Silversmiths and Their Marks 
 
 SILVERSMITHS 
 
 Delauney, Jean 
 Demilt, Andrew 
 
 Demmock, John 
 Demorsy, Jean 
 Demort, John 
 Demort, Lucien 
 Denise, J. & T. 
 Dennis, Ebenezer 
 Dennis, George Jr. 
 Dennis & Fitch . 
 De Perrizang, Otto 
 De Peyser, William 
 
 De Riemer, Cornelius B. 
 
 De Riemer, Jacob R. 
 De Riemer, Pieter 
 
 De Riemer & Mead 
 Deshon, Daniel 
 
 Desquet & Tanguy 
 Desuret, Lewis 
 Deverell, John 
 Dexter, John 
 
 MARKS 
 
 t 
 DEMILT in rectangle; N.YORK in 
 
 rectangle 
 
 J:D and JD, each in square 
 
 P D R in oval; P D R in rectangle 
 
 DEVERELL in oblong 
 
 LOCATIONS 
 New York City 
 
 New York City 
 Boston, Mass. 
 New Orleans, La. 
 New York City 
 
 ae “cc “cc 
 
 Hartford, Conn. 
 Norwich, Conn. 
 Troy, N. Y. 
 New York Cit 
 Ithaca, N. Y. 
 New York Cit 
 
 “e «“e ce 
 
 Ithaca, N. Y. 
 
 New London, Conn. 
 
 Philadelphia 
 Philadelphia 
 Boston, Mass. 
 Marlboro, Mass. 
 
 Dickerson, H. & Co. Philadelphia 
 Dickerson, John Morristown, Mass. 
 
 : Dickinson, Jonathan Philadelphia 
 Dickinson & Robinson a 
 
 Dimmock, John 
 Dimond, Isaac M 
 Dixwell, Basil 
 Dixwell, John 
 
 Doane, Joshua 
 
 ID in oval; ID (small) in oval 
 DOANE in cartouche; DOANE in 
 
 New York Cit 
 
 “6 “ec “6 
 
 Boston, Mass. 
 ae «ec 
 
 iY rectangle . ' Providence, R. I. 
 ‘g Dobbs, Adam 
 
 ; ‘Dobleman, Frederick Philadelphia 
 Doblemar, F. F. G. > 
 Dodge, Benjamin Boston, Mass. 
 Dodge, Ezekiel New York City 
 Dodge, Ezra New London, Conn. 
 Dodge, John J.DODGE in oval New York City 
 
 Dodge, Nehemiah 
 Dodge, Seril 
 
 N DODGE in serrated rectangle 
 S DODGE in serrated rectangle, pre- 
 ceded and followed by star aire eka a 
 
 Providence; R. I. 
 
 Doler, Daniel 
 Donalon, John W. 
 Donovan, William 
 Dontremei, C. 
 Doolittle, Amos 
 Doolittle, Enos 
 Doran, John 
 Dorgy, Peter 
 Dorsey, Joshua 
 Dorsey, Samuel 
 
 t{Where no mark is given, the maker used his name or initials. 
 
 A D in oval 
 
 I.DORSEY in rectangle 
 
 Boston, Mass. 
 Philadelphia . 
 
 New: Haven, Conn. 
 Hartford, Conn. 
 Cincinnati, Ohio 
 Philadelphia 
 Philadelphia _ 
 
 253 
 PERIOD 
 1805 
 
 1805 
 1798 
 1822 
 1810 
 1810 
 1798 
 1782 
 1770 
 1836 
 1786 
 1732 
 1804 
 1830 
 1769 
 1831 
 1/19 
 1805 
 1799 
 1785 
 1756 
 1815 
 1778 
 1794 
 1796 
 1801 
 1830 
 1732 
 1702 
 
 1720 
 
 1813 
 1810 
 1836 
 1792 
 1787 
 1790 
 1795 
 
 1793 
 1765 
 1823 
 1784 
 1805 
 1775 
 1781 
 1826 
 1816 
 
 1793 
 1804 
 
254 
 SILVERSMITHS 
 
 Dorsey, Simon 
 Dorson, Joshua 
 Doster, Michael 
 Douglas, Alexander 
 Douglas, Cantwell 
 Douglas, Robert 
 Douglass, James 
 
 Douglass, J. W. 
 
 Douglass, John 
 
 Douglass & Heckman 
 
 Doutiemer, Cule 
 Dowig, Christopher 
 Dowig, George 
 Downes, J. 
 
 Downing, G. R. 
 Downing, & Phelps 
 Drewry, George 
 Drinker, John 
 Drown, T. P. 
 Drowne, Benjamin 
 Drowne, Samuel 
 
 Drowne, Shem 
 Drumont, Antoine 
 Dubois, Abraham 
 
 Dubois, A., Sr. & Jr. 
 
 Dubois, Joseph 
 Dubois, Tunis 
 
 Dubois & Co, 
 Duché, Benne R. 
 Duché & Donard 
 Dudley, Benjamin 
 Duffel, James 
 Dummer, Jeremiah 
 
 Dumourier, Joseph 
 Dumoutet, John B. 
 Dundas, Pratt 
 Dunkerly, Joseph 
 Dunlevy, Robert 
 Dunn, Cary 
 
 Dunn, David 
 Dunn & Son 
 Dunscomb, Dennis 
 
 Duon, H. 
 
 MARKS 
 
 R.D in double lined square 
 
 J. Douglass (script) framed in outline 
 shaped by name 
 
 J.DOWNES in rectangle; J. Downes 
 in shaped cartouche 
 
 G R D and N.YORK, each in rectangle 
 
 D & P in rectangle 
 
 G D in rude square 
 
 T. P. DROWN in rectangle 
 
 S D, small cross between letters in 
 shaped frame and S Drowne, small 
 cross between S and Drowne, in 
 rectangle 
 
 A. DUBOIS in oblong 
 I. DUBOIS in oblong; J.DUBOIS in 
 
 rectangle 
 T.D.DUBOIS in rectangle; T.D.D. in 
 rectangle sheaf of wheat in oblong 
 
 I.DUFFEL in rectangle 
 
 J D, pellet between letters and star be- 
 low in a heart. I D, star below in a 
 heart “star” may be a fleur-de-lis. 
 
 DUMOUTET in scroll 
 
 C.DUNN in oval; eagle in kite; N. 
 YORK in rectangle 
 
 tWhere no mark is given, the maker used his name or initials. 
 
 American Silversmiths and Their Marks 
 
 LOCATIONS 
 Philadelphia 
 
 ae 
 
 New York City 
 Baltimore, Md. 
 New London, Conn 
 New York City 
 
 Philadelphia 
 «ec 
 
 “ 
 
 Baltimore, Md.» 
 
 Philadelphia 
 
 New York Cit 
 Philadelphia 
 
 New York City 
 Newburyport, Conn. 
 Portsmouth, N. H. 
 
 “c ce «“c 
 
 Boston, Mass. 
 New York City 
 
 “ € 
 
 «ce a oe 
 
 Philadelphia 
 Birmingham, Ga. 
 
 Boston, Mass. 
 Philadelphia 
 
 ae 
 
 Boston, Mass, 
 Philadelphia 
 
 New York City 
 
 Baltimore, Md. 
 
 PERIOD 
 
 1820 
 1802 
 1831 
 1792 
 1799 
 1766 
 1800 
 
 1791 
 1840 
 1837 
 1791 
 765 
 779 
 
 1770 
 1810 
 1810 
 1763 
 1835 
 1790 
 18aQ0 
 
 77° 
 1749 
 1808 
 
 1775 
 1803 
 
 1790 
 
 1797 
 1803 
 1795 
 1820 
 1768 
 1801 
 
 1680 
 1816 
 1793 
 1837 
 1787 
 1831 
 
 1764 
 1835 
 1787 
 1765 
 181g 
 
 a hoary 
 » et wa 
 
American Silversmiths and Their Marks 255 
 
 ——— 
 {Where no mark is given, the mA&ker used his name or initials. 
 
 ee SILVERSMITHS MARKS LOCATIONS PERIOD 
 7 Dupuy, Daniel D:D in rectangle; DD in double circle; 
 . DD in cartouche; D.DUPUY in rec- 
 % tangle Philadelphia 1746 
 . Dupuy, Daniel, Jr. T a 1782 
 Dupuy, John q 1770 
 Dupuy, John & Daniel, 
 r. | 1783 
 Dupuy & Sons D DD, each in apple-shaped cartouche * 1784 
 Durand, John New York City 1835 
 ¥ Durandeau, John = ! 6 1835 
 yg Dutens, Charles J. Philadelphia 1751 
 Dutens & Harper a 1755 
 q Duyckinck, Daniel New York City 1798 
 F. Dwight, Timothy T.D with six dots below, in heart Boston, Mass. 1671 
 E Eagles & Morris New York City 1799 
 a Eames, Joshua Boston, Mass. 1828 
 a Easton, James Nantucket, Mass. 1828 
 ee Easton, Nathaniel h = 1780 
 f, Easton & Sanford EASTON & SANFORD in rectangle; 
 3 7 E&S in rectangle " 5 1830 
 4 Eastwick, Thomas Boston, Mass. 1743 
 > Eaton, Timothy Philadelphia 1793 
 a Eayres, Thomas EAYRES in rectangle Boston, Mass. 1781 
 Edgar, John New York City 1807 
 Edmechat, Claude > eS aotamr aia 1790 
 Edwards, Andrew Boston, Mass. 1796 
 Edwards, Calvin Ashby, Mass. 1710 
 ; Edwards, John I E in quatrefoil; IE crowned, fleur-de- 
 E; lis below in a shaped shield Boston, Mass. 1691 
 ¢ Edwards, Joseph a me 1707-1777 
 = Edwards, Joseph, Jr. . ‘3 1761 
 me Edwards, Samuel S E, pellet between letters, small cross 
 * below and crown above, all enclosed 
 in shield (shaped) . - 1730 
 Edwards, Thomas New York City 1731 
 ; Edwards, Thomas T.Edwards (script); T.E in rectangle; 
 ah TE shaped rectangle; TE with crown 
 cr in shaped rectangle; T E, crowned in 
 a shield Boston, Mass. 1725 
 Elderkin, Alfred Killingsworth, Conn. —-1792 
 Elderkin, Elisha New Haven, Conn. 1777 
 x Elderkin & Staniford Windom, Conn. 1790 
 4 Elliott, John A. Sharon, Conn. 1815 
 a Elliott, Joseph New Castle, Del. 1768 
 4 Ellis, Lewis W. Philadelphia 1837 
 ts Ellison, Peter New York City 1792 
 a Ellsworth, David ‘Windsor, Conn. 1772 
 ae. Eltonhead, Thomas Baltimore, Md. 1835 
 ig Emery, Stephen EMERY in a cartouche; S.EMERY in 
 3 rectangle; S.EMERY in shaped oval; 
 S E in rectangle Boston, Mass. 1746 
 
256 
 
 SILVERSMITHS 
 
 Emery, Thomas K. 
 
 Emery & Co. 
 England, George 
 England, William 
 Foff, Garret 
 
 Eoff & Connor 
 Eoff & Howell 
 Eoff & Moore 
 Epps, Ellery 
 Equer & Aquimac 
 Erwin, Andrew 
 Erwin, Henry 
 
 Erwin, John 
 Esteva, Hayacinth 
 Etting, Benjamin 
 Evans, Henry 
 Evans, John 
 
 Evans, Robert 
 
 Everitt, Jesse 
 Eversten, John 
 
 Ewan, John 
 
 Faber, William 
 Faber & Hoover © 
 
 Fagaler, George M. 
 Fairchild, James L. 
 
 Fairchild, Joseph 
 Fairchild, Robert 
 
 Faris, Charles 
 Farley, Charles 
 Farnam, Henry 
 Farnam, R. & H. 
 Farnum, Rufus 
 Farnam, Thomas 
 Farnam & Ward 
 Farr, John C. 
 
 Farrington, John 
 
 MARKS 
 
 T.Emery (script) in shaped rectangle; 
 T.K.EMERY (large) in a rectangle 
 
 G.Eoff in rectangle; G Eoff in rectangle; 
 bird in circle 
 
 EOFF & HOWELL in rectangle 
 
 H.ERWIN in rectangle; same in wav 
 bordered rectangle 
 J.ERWIN in rectangle 
 
 HENRY EVANS in rectangle 
 
 EVANS in an engrailed “near” rec- 
 tangle 
 
 EVANS in engrailed rectangle; R.E in 
 rectangle; RE inrectangle; RLEVANS 
 in rectangle; R.E. in rectangle; 
 EVANS in oblong 
 
 J. EWAN in engrailed rectangle 
 
 R.FAIRCHILD in rectangle; RF in 
 oblong; R.F in cartouche; RF in oval 
 
 Chas Faris (script) in oval 
 
 C. FARLEY in rectangle 
 
 H. FARNAM in rectangle 
 
 R & H FARNAM in rectangle 
 
 R. FARNUM in rectangle 
 
 Th: Farnam in rude rectangle 
 
 FARNAM & WARD in rectangle 
 
 J.C: Farr in rectangle; JOHN C FARR 
 in shaded ribbon 
 
 Farrington & Hunnewell FARRINGTON & HUNNEWELL in 
 
 Fellows, Abraham 
 
 Fellows, John F. 
 Fellows & Storm 
 Ferguson, John 
 
 rectangle 
 FELLOWS in rectangle 
 
 FELLOWS & STORM in rectangle 
 
 {Where no mark is given, the maker used his name or initials. 
 
 American Silversmiths and Their Marks 
 
 LOCATIONS 
 New York City 
 «e “e 
 
 New York City 
 Philadelphia 
 
 New York City 
 
 ‘ 
 
 Boston, Mass. 
 New York City 
 Philadelphia 
 
 oe “ 
 New York City 
 “ «“ “ce 
 “cc «e “ce 
 
 «“e “ce “c 
 
 «ec “ «ce 
 
 Boston, Mass. 
 New York City 
 Albany, N. Y. 
 Charleston, S, C. 
 
 Philadelphia 
 
 New York City 
 
 New Haven, Conn. 
 
 Durham, Conn. 
 ce “e 
 
 Portland, Me. 
 Boston, Mass. 
 “ce “ce 
 
 Newport, R. I. & 
 Albany, N. Y. 
 Portsmouth, N,. H. 
 Albany, N. Y. 
 
 Philadelphia 
 
American Silversmiths and Their Marks 
 
 SILVERSMITHS 
 
 Ferrier, John 
 Ferris, Benjamin 
 Fielding, George 
 Fields, Samuel 
 Finch, Hiram 
 Finewell, Samuel 
 
 Fireng, J. P. 
 
 Fisher, James 
 Fisher, Thomas 
 Fitch, Allen 
 Fitch, D. M. 
 Fitch, John 
 
 Fitch & Hobart 
 Flagg, Josiah 
 Fletcher, Charles 
 Fletcher, Thomas 
 
 Fletcher & Bennett 
 Fletcher & Gardiner 
 
 Fling, George 
 Flott, Lewis 
 Folloppe, A. A. 
 Folsom, John 
 Foote, William 
 
 Forbes, Abraham G. 
 
 Forbes, Benjamin G. 
 Forbes, Collins V. G. 
 Forbes, C.V.G.& Son 
 Forbes, G. & J. W. 
 Forbes, Garret 
 
 Forbes, John W. 
 Forbes, William 
 
 Forbes, William G. 
 
 Force, Jabez W. 
 Ford, Samuel 
 Forest, Alexander 
 Forman, Benoni B. 
 Fortune, Anthony 
 Foster, Abraham 
 Foster, G. 
 
 Foster, Hiram 
 
 MARKS 
 
 T 
 G F in oval 
 
 J.P.FIRENG in rectangle; BURLING- 
 TON with N.J. below each in rec- 
 tangle 
 
 T. FISHER in shaped cartouche 
 
 J.FITCH in rectangle, followed by two 
 birds in squares 
 
 T.FLETCHER in oblong 
 
 F & G in rectangle; dog(?) in circle; 
 P in circle 
 
 A G F in crude oblong; A F in square; 
 N.YORK in rectangle 
 
 CVGF in rectangle 
 FORBES & SON in rectangle 
 
 G FORBES in rectangle; IWF over a 
 square and compass in shaped rec- 
 tangle; anchor, star, head, C, each in 
 circle 
 
 W.F. in rectangle; eagle in square and 
 NEW YORK in ribbon; W.FORBES 
 in rectangle; N.Y. in rectangle 
 
 W.G. Forbes (script) in shaped oval; 
 W G FORBES in shaded rectangle 
 
 J.W.FORCE in rectangle 
 
 tWhere no mark is given, the maker used his name or initials. 
 
 LOCATIONS 
 
 New Orleans, La. 
 New York City 
 
 Philadelphia 
 Albany, N. Y. 
 New York City 
 
 Burlington, N. J. 
 New York City 
 Philadelphia 
 
 New Haven, Conn. 
 
 it ce ce 
 
 Trenton, N. J. 
 
 New Haven, Conn. 
 
 Boston, Mass. 
 Philadelphia 
 Boston, Mass. 
 
 Philadelphia 
 
 «ec 
 
 ae 
 
 Baltimore, Md. 
 Boston, Mass. 
 
 Albany, N. Y. 
 
 Middletown and East 
 
 Haddam, Conn. 
 
 New York City 
 
 Philadelphia 
 Baltimore, Md. 
 Albany, N. Y. 
 Philadelphia 
 
 Salem, Mass. 
 Philadelphia 
 
 257 
 PERIOD 
 
 1802 
 1816 
 1731 
 1816 
 1840 
 1835 
 
 1810 
 1821 
 1797 
 1808 
 1840 
 
 1780 
 1811 
 1765 
 1817 
 1810 
 1830 
 1837 
 
 1815 
 1749 
 1817 
 1808 
 1781 
 
 1796 
 
 1769 
 1817 
 1816 
 
 1835 
 1810 
 
 1808 
 1802 
 
 1830 
 
 A773 
 1819 
 
 1797 
 1802 
 1813 
 1767 
 1816 
 1838 
 1817 
 
258 
 
 SILVERSMITHS 
 Foster, John 
 
 Foster, Joseph 
 
 Foster, Samuel 
 
 Foster, N. & T. 
 
 Foster, Thos. 
 Fourniquet, Louis 
 Fourniquet & Wheatley 
 Fowler, Gilbert 
 Fradgley, Thomas 
 Francis, Julius C. 
 Francis, Nathaniel 
 Franciscus, George 
 Frank, Jacob 
 
 Franks, William 
 Fraser, William 
 Freeman, William 
 Frinth, James 
 Frobisher, Benjamin C. 
 
 Frost & Mumford 
 
 MARKS 
 
 J.FOSTER in rectangle; bird in oval; 
 
 wheat stack in oval 
 PROSTER 
 
 T.FOSTER in rectangle 
 Fourniquet in shaped rectangie 
 
 FOSTER 
 
 N.FRANCIS in rectangle 
 
 FROBISHER in oval; B. C. Frobisher 
 in rectangle 
 F & M in wavy lined rectangle 
 
 Frotheringham, Ebenezer 
 
 Fryer, John W. 
 Fueter, Daniel C. 
 
 Fueter, Lewis 
 Fuller, Alexander 
 Furt, Peter 
 
 Gafkins, J. 
 Gaither, Greenberg 
 Gale, John L. 
 
 Gale, John S. 
 Gale, William 
 
 Gale, William, Jr. 
 Gale, William & Son 
 
 Gale, Wood & Hughes 
 Gale & Mosely 
 
 Gale & Stickler 
 
 Gale & Willis 
 
 Gallop, Christopher 
 Galt, Samuel 
 Gardiner, Baldwin 
 
 Gardiner, B. & 
 Company 
 
 Gardiner, John 
 
 Gardiner, Sidney 
 
 UG) 
 
 D C F in a shaped rectangle; and N 
 over YORK, in a shaped rectangle 
 
 J.L.G. in rectangle; J.L.GALE in rec- 
 tangle 
 
 J. GALE in rectangle 
 
 W.G, in rectangle; head in square; 
 tulips in cup-shaped cartouche 
 
 Wm.GALE JR in rectangle 
 
 W.GALE & SON, W.G.&S. in 
 oblong; diamond with 1825 in angles 
 
 G. W. & H in rectangle 
 
 G & M in serrated rectangle 
 
 G & S in rectangle 
 
 B.G in rectangle; animal in oval and 
 head in oval; B;GARDINER in rec- 
 tangle 
 
 BG & CO in rectangle 
 
 {Where no mark is given, the maker used. his name or initials. 
 
 American Silversmiths and Their Marks 
 
 LOCATIONS _ PERIOD 
 New York City 1811 
 Boston, Mass. 1798 
 
 if 1676-1702 
 
 Newburyport, R. I. 1823 
 
 ° ¢.1825 
 
 New York City 1795 
 
 “6 «6 ce I 8 I 7 
 
 «ce “ “cc I 825 
 
 ¥ “cc “< 1797 
 
 Middletown, Conn. 1807 
 
 New York City 1804 
 
 Baltimore, Md. 1776 
 
 Philadelphia 1785 
 
 “<¢ 1839 
 
 2 1735 
 
 «¢ 1839 
 
 . 1840 
 
 Boston, Mass. 1834 
 
 Providence, R. I, 1810 
 
 Boston, Mass. 1756-1814 
 
 Albany, N. Y. 1784 
 
 New York City 1756 
 
 ce a6“ “e 1775 
 
 “cc ac “c I 8 I I 
 Boston, Mass. 1720 _ 
 
 Providence, R. I. 1832 
 
 Dist. of Col. 1834 
 
 New York City 1818 
 
 «e ¢ ce 1820 
 
 ae a ““ I 821 
 
 “ce «ce “ec I 823 
 
 is 9 ae «ae I 823 
 
 «ce «e “ce I 835 
 
 «< “e «se + 830 
 
 “ec «ce «“ I 823 
 
 « “ “ 1840 
 
 Ledyard, Conn. 1790 
 
 Williamsburg, Va. 1749 
 
 New York City I 829 
 
 “ee “cc “ I 825 
 
 New London, Conn. 1734 
 
 Philadelphia 1810 
 
American Silversmiths and Their Marks 259 
 
 SILVERSMITHS MARKS LOCATIONS PERIOD 
 Gardner, John J. J:Gardner in rectangle Boston, Mass. 1730-1776 
 Garllow, Shavelier t Philadelphia 1813 
 Garner, John Cincinnati, Ohio | 1825 
 Garren, Anthony Philadelphia 1813 
 Garret, P. P. GARRET in rectangle i 1811 
 Garret, T. C. & Co. T.C.GARRET & Co. in rectangle 5 1815 
 Garrison, John New York City 1825 
 Garrow & Dorsey Baltimore, Md. 1800 
 Gaskins, W. W. W W G in rectangle Norfolk, Va. 1806 
 Gatham, William Philadelphia 1802 
 Gay, Charles Baltimore, Md. 1779 
 Gay, Nathaniel Boston, Mass. 1664 
 Gee, Joseph Philadelphia 1785 
 Geffroy, Nicholas N.GEFFROY in escalloped rectangle Newport, R. I. 1782 
 Geley, Peter Philadelphia 1793 
 Gelston, George S. G. S. GELSTON in rectangle New York City 1833 
 Gelston, Ladd & Co. GELSTON, LADD & CO. in rectangle “ bakes 1836 
 Gelston & Co. FI ab 1837 
 Gelston & Gould Baltimore, Md. 1819 
 Gelston & Treadwell New York City 1836 
 Georgion, Bernard Philadelphia 1794 
 Georgeon & Philipe 4 1794 
 German, Greenberg D. : 1814 
 German, Joseph Baltimore, Md. 1819 
 Germon, John Philadelphia 1788 
 Gero, Francis * 1818 
 
 Gerrish, Timothy GERRISH in serrated rectangle; T. 
 | Gerrish (script) Portsmouth, N. H. 1753-1813 
 Gethen, John Philadelphia 1811 
 { Gethen, William W.GETHEN in rectangle Ee 1797 
 | Getty, James Williamsburg, Va. 1772 
 ‘ Getz, Peter P.Getz in rectangle Lancaster, Pa. 1782 
 : Ghiselin, Caesar C G in heart; star; C G in rude oval; 
 C G in rude hexagon Philadelphia 1695 
 : Ghiselin, William W.G in rectangle; GHISELIN in rec- 
 : tangle %: 1751 
 : Gibbs, Daniel Boston, Mass. 1716 
 bs Gibbs, John J GIBBS in rude oval Providence, R. I. 1790 
 ¥ Gibbs, John F. * ‘) 1803 
 Giffing, Christopher C Giffing, N. Y. in rectangle New York City 1816 
 ; Gilbert, Samuel S G in square Hebron, Conn. 1798 
 : Gilbert, Wm. Gilbert (script) and N. York (script) 
 ; both in rectangles; 
 ; GILBERT in rectangle; WG in rec- 
 a tangle with N.YORK in rectangle New York City 1765 
 ; Gilbert, William W. W. Gilbert (script) in rude rectangle; 
 | W G in box ert a es 1783 
 FE Gilbert & Cunningham a se ds 1839 
 Gill, Caleb GILL in rectangle Hingham, Mass. 1790 
 Gill, Leavitt oh “ 1810 
 Gilman, John W. I.W.G. incised Exeter, N. H. 1792 
 Giquel, John B. F. New Orleans, La. 1822 
 Girard, Francis Philadelphia 1817 
 
 +Where no mark is given, the maker used his name or initials. 
 
259 
 
 SILVERSMITHS 
 
 Giraud, Henry 
 Girrad, Henry 
 Girreaun, Stephen 
 Glidden, Joseph 
 Goelet, Philip 
 Goforth, Jeremiah 
 
 Goldthwaite, Joseph 
 
 Gombach, John 
 Goodhue, John 
 Gooding, Henry 
 Gooding, Joseph 
 Goodwin, Allyn 
 Goodwin, Benjamin 
 Goodwin, H. & A. 
 Goodwin, Horace 
 Goodwin, Ralph | 
 Goodwin & Dodd 
 Gordon, A. & J. 
 Gordon, Alexander S. 
 Gordon, G. 
 
 Gordon, James 
 Gordon, James S. 
 Gorham, Jabez 
 Gorham, John 
 Gorham, Miles 
 
 Gorham, Richard 
 Gorham & Webster 
 Gough, James 
 Gould, J. 
 
 Gould, John 
 
 Gould, Stowell & Ward 
 
 Gould & Ward 
 Govert, James 
 Gowen, William 
 
 Graham, Daniel 
 Grant, Thomas 
 Grant, William, Jr. 
 
 Gravelle, René L. 
 Graves, Thomas 
 Gravier, Nicholas 
 
 Gray, G. 
 Gray, John 
 
 Gray, Robert 
 Gray, Samuel 
 
 Green, James 
 
 American Silversmiths and 
 
 MARKS 
 
 J G, crowned fleur-de-lis below in shield 
 P G in rude square; P G in oval 
 
 cd 
 
 J.GOODHUE in rectangle 
 GOODING in double-lined rectangle 
 
 ' 
 
 B:GOODWIN in rectangle 
 GOODWIN in an oblong 
 
 GORDON in escalloped rectangle 
 G.Gordon in oblong 
 
 M.G. in rectangle; M. GORHAM in 
 rectangle 
 
 Gorham & Webster (script) in rectangle 
 
 J.GOULD and 10-15 in rectangles with 
 
 curved ends 
 
 W.G. in rectangle; W.GOWEN in rec- 
 tangle | 
 
 T. GRANT in rectangle 
 W. Grant (script) in shaped rectangle 
 and WG in oval 
 
 G.GRAY in escalloped rectangle 
 
 © 
 
 R.Gray, script in rectangle 
 S:GRAY in rectangle; GRAY in rec- 
 tangle . 
 
 er 
 
 tWhere no mark is given, the maker used his name or initials. 
 
 Their Marks “2 
 
 Cincinnati, Ohio 
 
 ts 
 
 New York City 
 
 Philadelphia “42 Ge 
 Boston, Mass. —_160 
 
 New York City | 
 Philadelphia 
 
 Boston, Mass. 
 Philadelphia. 
 
 Salem, Mass. 
 Boston, Mass. 
 
 = one “ 
 
 Hartford, Conn. 
 Boston, Mass. — 
 Hartford, Conn. 
 
 ac , “ee 
 
 «ce “ P 
 New York City. 
 ac “ae “e 
 “ 66 “ 
 
 ge. es 
 
 Philadelphia 
 Providence, R. I. | 
 New Haven, Conn. _ 
 
 “  « “ 
 
 ra] des =) Sn eae 
 
 Provicence, Ry 1.2 7) 
 Boston, Mass. | 
 
 Baltimore, Md. < 
 Philadelphia 
 Baltimore _ 
 
 Philadelphia 
 
 Charlestown, Mass. i 
 West Suffield, Conn. © 
 Marblehead, Mass. — 
 
 Philadelphia 
 
 New Orleans, La. — 
 Portsmouth, N. H. — ae 
 New London, Conn. | 
 Boston, Mass. — i re 
 Portsmouth, N. H. 
 
 Boston, Mass. _ ie r 2 
 New York City 
 
American Silversmiths and Their Marks 
 
 SILVERSMITHS 
 
 Green, Benjamin 
 Green, Rufus 
 
 Greene, William & Co. 
 
 Greenleaf, David 
 
 Greenleaf, David, Jr. 
 
 Greffin, Peter 
 Griffen, P. 
 Griffen & Hoyt 
 
 Griffing, C. 
 Grifith, David 
 Grigg, William 
 
 Grignon, Benjamin 
 Grignon, René 
 
 Grimke, John P. 
 Griscom, George 
 Griselm, Caesar 
 Griswold, Gilbert 
 Guercy, Dominick 
 Guerin, Anthony 
 Guille, Noah 
 Gunn, Enos 
 Gurley, William 
 Gurnee, Benjamin 
 Gurnee, B. & S. 
 Gurnee & Co. 
 
 Hackle, William 
 Haddock, Henry 
 
 Haddock & Andrews 
 
 Hadwen, William 
 
 Haggenmacher, J. H. & 
 
 Co. 
 Haines, Abraham 
 Hall, Abijah 
 Hall, Brower & Co. 
 Hall, Charles 
 Hall, David 
 
 Hall, Drew 
 Hall, Green 
 
 Hall, Hewson & Merri- 
 
 field 
 Hall, Ivory 
 
 Hall, Joseph 
 Hall & Brower 
 
 MARKS 
 
 B:GREEN in rectangle 
 R: GREEN in rectangle; R:GREEN in 
 shaped rectangle 
 
 GREENLEAF in wavy-lined rectangle 
 
 DGreenleaf) 
 
 GRIFFEN & HOYT in shaped rec- 
 tangle; anchor, eagle, and star, each 
 in circle 
 
 GRIGG and W.GRIGG, each in 
 shaped rectangle; Grigg (script) in 
 shaped cartouche 
 
 RG, crown above and dog below in very 
 rudely drawn shield 
 
 W. GRISWOLD in rectangle 
 
 E. GUNN in rectangle 
 W.G in rectangle 
 
 D H in cartouche; D HALL in rec- 
 tangle 
 
 (HAD G27 
 
 tWhere no mark is given, the maker used his name or initials. 
 
 LOCATIONS 
 Boston, Mass. 
 
 “ce “e 
 
 Providence, R. I. 
 Bolton, Mass. 
 
 261 
 PERIOD 
 
 1712-1748 
 
 1707-1717 
 1815 
 
 1737 
 
 Norwich & Hartford, 
 
 Conn. 
 Hartford, Conn. 
 
 Philadelphia 
 Albany, N. Y. 
 
 ce «¢ 
 
 New York City 
 
 Boston, Mass. 
 
 New York City 
 Boston, Mass. 
 
 Norwich, Conn. 
 Charleston, S. C. 
 Philadelphia 
 
 Middletown, Conn. 
 New York City 
 Philadelphia 
 Boston, Mass. 
 Norwich, Conn. 
 Norwich, Conn. 
 New York City 
 
 Baltimore, Md. 
 
 Boston, Mass. 
 «ae “e 
 Nantucket, Mass. 
 
 Philadelphia 
 New York City 
 Albany, N. Y. 
 
 Lancaster, Pa. 
 
 Philadelphia 
 New York City 
 Albany, N. Y. 
 
 “e “ec 
 
 Concord, N. H. 
 Albany, N. Y. 
 
 «¢ “6 
 
 1766 
 1801 
 1825 
 
 1830 
 1825 
 1789 
 
 1765 
 1685 
 
 1690 
 1744 
 1791 
 1700 
 1825 
 1795 
 1791 
 1701 
 1792 
 1804 
 1820 
 
 1833 
 1820 
 
 1776 
 1836 
 1838 
 1816 
 
 1836 
 1801 
 1813 
 1836 
 1765 
 
 1765 
 1789 
 1813 
 
 1840 
 1801 
 1781 
 1830 
 
262 
 
 SILVERSMITHS 
 Hall & Hewson 
 
 Hallam, John 
 
 Halsey, Jabez 
 
 Halstead, Benjamin 
 Halstead & Son 
 Ham, George 
 Hamill, James 
 Hamill & Co. 
 Hamilton, James 
 Hamilton, John 
 Hamlin, Cyrus 
 Hamlin, William 
 
 Hammersley, Thomas 
 Hancock, John 
 Handle, John 
 
 Hanks, Benjamin 
 
 Hannah, W. W. 
 Hanners, George 
 
 Hansell, Robert 
 Harache, Pierre 
 
 Harding, N. & C. 
 
 Harding, Newill 
 
 Harding, N. & Co. 
 Hardwood, John 
 Hardy, Stephen 
 Harland, Thomas 
 Harland, Thomas, Jr. 
 Harpel, Thomas W. 
 Harper, Alexander 
 Harper, David 
 Harper, Thomas W. 
 Harris, George 
 Harris, H. 
 
 Harris & Stanwood 
 
 Hart, Eliphaz 
 Hart, John 
 Hart, John J. 
 Hart, Judah 
 Hart, William 
 Hart & Bliss 
 
 MARKS 
 H & Hin rectangle, head and eagle and 
 
 D in cartouches 
 
 ' 
 (RIALSEY) THALSEY! 
 
 Halstead (script) in shaped cartouche 
 
 J.HAMILL, N.Y. in rectangle 
 
 W.H. in rectangle followed by crescent 
 moon open to left; WH in rectangle 
 with crescent moon open to right 
 
 T.H in square; TH; TH (script) in 
 oval 
 
 J HANCOCK in oblong; J. HANCOCK 
 
 in rectangle 
 
 W. W. HANNAH, heavy, crude capi- 
 tals, unframed 
 
 G. HANNERS in rectangle; G H, crown 
 above and pellet below, in shield; 
 
 G.H in an oval. 
 
 N. HARDING in rectangle; N. Hard- 
 ing in rectangle 
 
 N HARDING in rectangle; N HARD- 
 ING in oblong © 
 N.H & Co in rectangle 
 
 HARDY in oblong with clipped corners 
 HARLAND in rectangle 
 
 H in circle, & in diamond; S in circle, 
 connected HARRIS & STANWOOD 
 in rectangle 
 
 E. HART in n rectangle; E H in square 
 
 Harb 
 
 tWhere no mark is given, the maker used his name or initials. 
 
 Albany, N. ee a Lee 
 New London, Conn. 
 
 New York City | 
 
 “ce “< “ 
 
 e id ae 
 
 Portsmouth, N. H. 
 New York City 
 
 Annapolis, Md. 
 New York City 
 Portland, Me. . 
 Middletown, Conn. : 
 New York City 
 Boston, Mass. 
 Philadelphia © 
 Windham, Conn. 
 New York City sf: 
 Boston, Mass. one 
 Williamsburg, Va. a 
 
 New York City 
 Boston, Mass. — 
 
 66 eae 
 
 Philadelphia 
 
 Portsmouth, N. By | 
 Norwich, Conn. j 
 
 Phitadetonies i x 
 
 New York City © yeu 
 Albany, N. Y. 
 
 Boston, Mass. 
 Norwich, Conn. 
 Philadelphia 
 New York City 
 Berlin, Conn. 
 Philadelphia 
 ages, Conn. 
 
 aie nie 
 
ee ae ee ee ee eee ae ee ee 
 
 American Silversmiths and Their Marks 
 
 SILVERSMITHS 
 
 Hart & Brewer 
 Hart & Wilcox’ 
 Hartford, George 
 Hartin & Bargi 
 Hartley, Samuel 
 Hartman, Philip 
 Haskell, Barnabus 
 
 Hastier, John 
 
 Hastier, Marquette 
 Hastings, B. B. 
 Haugh, Samuel 
 Haverstick, William 
 Hawley, Noah 
 Haws, John 
 Hayden & Gregg 
 Hayes & Colton 
 Hays, Andrew 
 Hays & Myers 
 
 Head, Joseph 
 Healy 
 
 Heath, John 
 
 Heck, Ludwig 
 Hedges, David, Jr. 
 
 Heguenburg, Charles, Jr. 
 Hempsted & Chandler 
 
 Henchman, Daniel 
 
 Hendriks, Ahasuerus 
 
 Henry, Felix 
 
 MARKS 
 
 ' | 
 HART & WILCOX in rectangle 
 
 HAW ca 
 
 M H in square 
 
 S H in square 
 
 HAYDEN & GREGG in rectangle 
 
 HAYS & MYERS in rectangle; H & M 
 
 in oblong 
 
 PHEATH 
 L H in square 
 
 HEDGES in rudely drawn rectangle 
 
 Henchman in rectangle; D.H in rec- 
 
 tangle 
 
 A H conjoined in an asymmetric circle; 
 At in oval; A.H in oval 
 
 Hequenbourg, Charles, Jr. 
 
 Herbert, Timothy B. 
 
 Herils, Francis 
 Heron, Isaac 
 Heurtin, William 
 Hews, Abrahan, Jr. 
 Hewson, John D. 
 Heyer, William B. 
 
 Heyer & Gale 
 
 Higbie & Crosby 
 Hildebur, 
 Hill, James 
 
 Hill & Waddill 
 Hilldrup, Thomas 
 Hiller, Benjamin 
 
 Hiller, Joseph 
 Hilton, William 
 Hind, John 
 
 {Where no mark is given, the maker used his name or initials. 
 
 W H in rectangle 
 
 A. HEWS Jr. in rectangle 
 
 LOCATIONS 
 
 Middletown, Conn. 
 
 Norwich, Conn. 
 
 Philadelphia 
 
 Bound Brook, N. J. 
 
 Philadelphia 
 
 Boston, Mass. 
 New York City 
 
 ce «¢ “ce 
 
 Cleveland, Ohio 
 Boston, Mass. 
 Philadelphia 
 New York City 
 Philadelphia 
 New York City 
 Newark, N. J. 
 
 Philadelphia 
 Boston, Mass.’ 
 Newark, N. J. 
 
 Lancaster, Pa. 
 
 New York City 
 
 New Haven, Conn. 
 
 New York City 
 Boston, Mass. 
 New York City 
 New Haven, Conn 
 New York City 
 Philadelphia 
 
 New York City 
 
 Boston, Mass. 
 
 Albany, N. Y. 
 
 W.B.HEYER in rectangle; W.B.HEYER 
 
 in shaped rectangle 
 W.B.HEYER in rectangle; & in rec- 
 tangle; J.GALE in an oblong 
 HIGBIE & CROSBY in oblong 
 HILDEBUR in oval 
 
 B H two crescents below, in shaped 
 rectangle; B H in cartouche 
 
 New York City 
 
 oe «ec “e 
 
 Boston, Mass. 
 Philadelphia 
 Boston, Mass. 
 Petersburg, Va. 
 Hartford, Conn. 
 
 Boston, Mass. — 
 “ae “oe 
 
 Philadelphia 
 
 263 
 
 PERIOD 
 
 1800 
 1805 
 1794 
 1766 
 1818 
 1813 
 1833 
 
 1726 
 
 1771 
 1835 
 1675 
 1781 
 1816 
 1837 
 1840 
 1831 
 1769 
 
 1770 
 1798 
 1773 
 1761 
 
 1760 
 1880 
 1809 
 1811 
 
 1751 
 
 1675 
 1815 
 
 1781 
 1816 
 1804 
 1768 
 1731 
 1838 
 1815 
 
 1798 
 
 1807 
 1820 
 1790 
 1770 
 1780 
 1774 
 
 1711 
 1745 
 1814 
 1760 
 
264 
 
 SILVERSMITHS 
 Hinsdale, Epaphras 
 Hitchborn, Daniel 
 Hitchborn, Samuel 
 Hitchcock, Eliakim 
 
 American Silversmiths and Their Marks Be 
 
 “MARKS 
 HINSDALE in crude rectangle 
 
 E H, cross between in rectangle; E H 
 
 (orHitchborn, Eliakim) in rectang 
 
 Hobarth, Joshua 
 
 Hobbs, Nathan 
 Hodge, John 
 
 Hoffman, Frederick 
 
 Hoffman, James M. 
 Holland, Littleton 
 
 Hollingshead, John 
 
 Hollingshead, William 
 
 Holmes, Adrian B. 
 Holmes, Israel 
 Holmes, J. 
 Holmes, William 
 Holton, David 
 Holton, John 
 Holyoke, Edward 
 Homes, William 
 
 Homes, William, Jr. 
 Hoover, Henry 
 Hoover, Joseph E. 
 Hopkins, Jesse 
 Hopkins, Joseph 
 Hopper, Samuel 
 Hosford, Harley 
 Hotchkiss, Hezekiah 
 Houlton, John 
 Houtzell, Jacob 
 How, David 
 Howard, Abraham . 
 Howard, John 
 Howard, Thomas 
 Howard, William 
 Howe, G. C. & Co. 
 Howe, George C, 
 
 Howe, Otis 
 Howell, G. W. 
 
 Howell, James 
 
 Howell, Paul 
 Howell, Silas W. - 
 
 J.HOBAR 
 ends 
 
 HOBBS in rectangle 
 
 J. HODGE in rectangle with HADLEY 
 
 in rectangle 
 
 in oblong with rounded 
 
 J. M. HOFFMAN in rectangle 
 
 L. HOLLAND in rectangle, STER in 
 rectangle, A, head, and a web in 
 cartouches 
 
 WH (fancy script) in shaped car 
 
 touche 
 A. Holmes in rectangle 
 
 HOLYOKE in rude rectangle © 
 
 W. HOMES in rectangle; HOMES in 
 
 rectangle, W.H in rectangle 
 W. Homes in oval 
 
 GEO. C. HOWE in oblong; anchor, 
 
 star, and eagle in separate ovals 
 
 G W Howell (script) in réctangle, 
 
 aad 
 
 I.Howell (script) in shaped cartouche 
 
 P. HOWELL in rectangle; Howell 
 (script) in shaped rectangle 
 
 S. W. Howell (script) in rectangle 
 same in shaped rectangle 
 
 ——_—_—__—_—e 
 tWhere no mark is given, the maker used his name or initials, 
 
 - Waterbury, Conn. 
 eé 6 
 
 us 
 ld 
 
 LOCATIONS 
 New York City | 
 Boston, Mass, — 
 
 4c “cc 
 
 New Haven, Conn. 
 “cc “ee «“e 
 
 Boston, Mass. 
 
 Hadley, Mass. : 
 Philadelphia 
 
 Baltimore, Md. | 
 Philadelphia 
 
 “ce 
 
 New York City 
 Waterbury, Conn. 
 New York City — 
 
 Baltimore, Md. — 
 Philadelphia 
 Boston, Mass, — 
 
 “ce “e 
 
 Philadelphia 
 
 Philadelphia 
 New York City . 
 New Haven, Conn 
 Philadelphia Ret 
 
 Boston, Mass. a 
 Salem, Masay so: soe 
 Philadelphia 
 
 Boston, Mass. ahs 
 New York City 
 
 Boston, Mass. 
 “ +“ 
 
 Philadelphia — 
 
 New York City _ 
 Albany, N. v7 aa 
 
American Silversmiths and Their Marks 
 
 . SILVERSMITHS 
 
 Howell & Arnold 
 
 Hoyt, George B. 
 
 Hoyt, Henry E. 
 
 Hoyt, S. 
 
 Hubbal, William 
 
 Hughes, Christopher & 
 a 
 
 O. 
 
 Hughes, Edmund 
 Hughes, Henry 
 Hughes, J. 
 Hughes & Bliss 
 Hughes & Francis 
 Hulbeart, Philip 
 
 Hull, John 
 
 Hull & Sanderson 
 
 Humbert, Augustus 
 Humphreys, Richard 
 
 Humphreys, Thomas 
 Hunlock, Bouman 
 Hunnewell, George W. 
 Hunt, Edward 
 
 Hunt, William 
 Huntington, Phil 
 
 Huntington, Roswell 
 Hurd, Benjemin 
 (son of Jacob Hurd) 
 
 Hurd, Isaac 
 
 Hurd, Jacob 
 Hurd, Nathaniel 
 
 Hurst, Henry 
 Husband, John 
 
 Huston, James 
 Hutchins, Jacob 
 Hutton, George 
 Hutton, Isaac 
 
 Hutton, I & G. 
 Hutton, John 
 
 Hutton, John S. 
 Hyde & Goodrich 
 
 Hyde & Nevins 
 
 MARKS 
 
 } . 
 
 GEO. B. HOYT in rectangle 
 HENRY HOYT in rectangle 
 S. HOYT in rectangle 
 
 J. HUGHES in rectangle 
 
 P H in shaped square 
 
 qy tid 
 MEH 
 
 R H (script) in shaped cartouche; R H 
 in rectangle; R.H in oval, R.HUm- 
 phreys (script) in shaped cartouche 
 
 P H in square; Huntington in shaped 
 rectangle 
 
 B H, arrow between, in a rectangle 
 
 GD Gp ta 
 Wen Bo 
 
 N.Hurd in rectangle; N. Hurd, very 
 small, in cartouche 
 
 H H in a shield 
 
 Probably the I H (script) in shaped 
 rectangle given in American Church 
 Silver, page 81 
 
 HUTCHINS in rude oblong 
 Spray or bird in circle; HUTTON in 
 
 oblong; first figure repeated and 
 ALBANY in rectangle 
 
 HYDE & GOODRICH in rectangle; 
 N.O. in rectangle 
 Hyde & Nevins in rectangle 
 
 tWhere no mark is given, the maker used his name or initials. 
 
 LOCATIONS 
 Albany, N. Y. 
 New York City 
 
 Dist. of Col. 
 
 Baltimore, Md. 
 Hampton, Conn. 
 
 Baltimore, Md. 
 
 Middletown, Conn. 
 “ce ae 
 
 “e “ce 
 
 Philadelphia 
 Boston, Mass. 
 
 “ “ec 
 
 New York City 
 
 Philadelphia 
 
 Boston, Mass. 
 “¢ 
 «ee 
 Norwich, Conn. 
 “ace cc 
 Roxbury, Mass. 
 1 «e 
 
 Boston, Mass. 
 
 Philadelphia 
 Baltimore 
 
 New York City 
 Albany, N. Y. 
 
 New Orleans, La. 
 New York City 
 
 265 
 PERIOD 
 1797 
 1840 
 1820 
 1840 
 1834 
 
 1773 
 1804 
 
 1781 
 1798 
 1806 
 1807 
 1761 
 
 1645 
 
 1652 
 1818 
 
 1771 
 1814 
 fhe? 
 1836 
 
 17h] 
 1819 
 
 1791 
 1763 
 1739 
 
 1754 
 
 1702 
 
 1729 
 1665 
 
 1796 
 1799 
 1774 
 1799 
 
 1790 
 1799 
 1720 
 1684 
 
 1830 
 1798 
 
266 
 
 SILVERSMITHS 
 Iago, Henry 
 Ingraham, Joseph 
 Inman, Benjamin 
 
 Isaacks, Michael 
 
 Jacks, James 
 Jacks, William 
 Jackson, Daniel 
 
 _ Jackson, James 
 Jackson, John 
 Jackson, Joseph 
 
 _ Jacob, Moses 
 
 Jacobs, Abel 
 
 Jacobs, George 
 
 Janvier, Louis 
 
 Jarvis, Munson 
 
 Jenckes, John C. 
 
 Jenckes & Co. 
 Jenkins, John 
 Jennings, Jacob 
 Jennings, Jacob, Jr. 
 Jesse, David 
 
 Johannes, John M. 
 John, 
 Johnson, C. 
 
 Johnson, John 
 
 Johnson, Maycock W. 
 
 Johnson, Samuel 
 Johnson & Ball 
 Johnson & Reat 
 Johonnot, William B. 
 Jones, Ball & Co. 
 Jones, Ball & Poor 
 Jones, E. 
 
 Jones, George B. 
 Jones, James 
 Jones, John 
 
 Jones, John B. 
 
 Jones, William 
 Jones, William 
 Jones & Ward 
 Jordan, Peter 
 Joubert, P. 
 Judah, 
 
 Kay, Amos 
 Keeler, A. 
 
 Keeler, Joseph 
 Keeler, Thaddeus 
 
 MARKS 
 
 D I in cartouche; DJACKSON in ob- 
 
 long 
 
 JACKSON in oblong 
 
 A JACOBS in rectangle 
 G. JACOBS in long oval 
 
 M:] in box; M.J in box 
 ue JENCKES incised; JCJENCKES i in 
 
 an oblong 
 
 G) ap 
 
 JOHN in an oblong 
 
 M.W.JOHNSON in engrailed rectangle 
 S J in oblong ~ 
 
 JOHNSON & REAT in once oval 
 
 =<t 
 
 J. JONES in oblong 
 
 J. B. JONES in oblong and PURE 
 COIN in rectangle 
 
 W.1I in square 
 
 A K in square; the K resembles H 
 KEELER in rectangle; lower line en- 
 grailed 
 
 (5 IKE 
 T KEELER in oblong 
 
 tWhere no mark is given, the maker used his name or initials. 
 
 Baltimore, Md. 
 
 - Boston, Mass. ae 
 
 Baltimore, Md. a 
 
 New York City — 
 Portland, Me. 
 Philadelphia sa 8 
 New York City .  - 196 
 
 Charleston, S. C. 
 Philadelphia 
 
 New York City 
 Baltimore, Md. 
 New York City 
 Baltimore, Md. 
 Philadelphia 
 Baltimore, Md. 
 
 Charleston, = Cy | 
 Stamford, Conn. 
 
 Providence, R. I. 
 ce “ee 
 
 - Philadelphia ap 
 New London, Conn, ‘hes 
 
 Boston, Mass. a 
 Baltimore, Md. | 
 
 Albany, N. deer 
 Pittsburgh, Pa. 
 
 Albany, N. Y. 
 New York City 
 
 Middletown, Conn. 
 
 Boston, Mass. 
 Philadelphia 
 Boston, Mass. 
 
 Marblehead, Mass. 
 New York City 
 Boston, Mass. 
 Philadelphia 
 
 New York City 7 
 Boston, Mass. 3 ise 
 
 er et Pee 
 New London, Cone: : 
 
 ““ te 
 
 Boston, Mass 
 
American Silversmiths and Their Marks 267 
 
 SILVERSMITHS MARKS LOCATIONS PERIOD 
 Keiff, Joseph t Philadelphia 1831 
 Keith, T. & W T. & W. KEITH in rectangle New York City 1805 
 Keley, Grael Boston, Mass. 1823 
 Kelly, Allen Providence, R. I. 1810 
 Kelley, E. G. & J. H. - re 1820 
 Kendle, Charles New York City 1807 
 Kendrick, William W. KENDRICK, LOUISVILLE, _in- 
 
 cised Louisville, Ky. 1840 
 Kennedy, Mathew Philadelphia 1825 
 Kenrick, Anwy] Maryland 1775 
 Ketchum, James New York City 1807 
 Kettell, Thomas T. K in rectangle Charlestown, Mass. 1781 
 
 Keyworth, Robert R. KEYWORTH in rectangle 
 Kiersteade, Cornelius © C Kincartouche; C Kin rectangle; C.K 
 
 Washington, D. C. 1830 
 
 in oval; C K, a diamond and two New York City 1753 
 pellets below in shield New Haven, Conn. 1722 
 Kimberly, William W K in rectangle; Kimberly in shaped 
 rectangle New York City 1790 
 King, Joseph Middletown, Conn. 1770 
 Kingston, John New York City 1775 
 Kinney, Thomas T K in rectangle; T K in partially en- 
 grailed rectangle Norwich, Conn. 1825 
 Kip, Benjamin New York City 1702 
 Kippen, George G.KIPPEN in rectangle Middletown, Conn. 1790 
 Bridgeport, Conn. 1825 
 Kirby, William New York City 1783 
 i (+12) i : 
 Kirk, Samuel Baltimore, Md.f 1816 
 : ; Ke ia, S a Baltimore, Md. 1818 
 Kirk & Smith pay 
 KIRK & SMITH 1820 
 Kirtland, Joseph P. Middletown, Conn. 1796 
 Kitchen, Andrew Philadelphia 1835 
 Kline, Bartholomew r4 1837 
 Kline, B. & Co. ~ 1837 
 Kneeland, I. TExiueland Boston, Mass. 1698 
 Krause, John S. Bethlehem, Pa. 1805 
 Kucher, Jacob THUCHER| Philadelphia 1806 
 Kumbel, William New York City 1780 
 Lachaise, Peter New York City 1794 
 Ladd, William F. WM F. LADD in rectangle; NEW 
 YORK in rectangle eed Mas 1830 
 
 +Where no mark is given, the maker used his name or initials. ; 
 
 {Pursuant to an act of the Maryland Legislature, the local government of Baltimore, in 1814, passed 
 a law which interdicted the use of a lower standard of silver than 11 02. troy to the pound of metal, and 
 appointed an assayer who signified his approval of pieces submitted to him by affixing a dominical letter, 
 arbitrarily chosen, and a head of the goddess of liberty. The office was abolished in 1830 and a law was 
 substituted requiring the gold or silversmith to stamp the quality of his wares. The use of the head was 
 discontinued in 1823. The letters and the years represented by each are: A, 1815; G (and F), 1816; E, 1817, 
 D, 1818, C, 1819, B (and A) 1820; G, 1821; F, 1822; E, 1823; C (and D), 1824; B, 1825; A, 1826; G, 18275 
 F (and E), 1828; D, 1829. 
 
268 
 SILVERSMITHS 
 
 Laforme, Antoine 
 Laforme, Bernard 
 
 Laforme, F. J. 
 
 Lainecourt, Stephen 
 
 Lakeman, E. K. 
 Lamar, Benjamin 
 Lamar, Mathias 
 Lamesiere, Peter 
 Lamothe, John 
 
 Lamothe, Pierre & Sons 
 
 Lampe, John 
 Lamson, J. 
 Lane, Aaron 
 Lang, Edward 
 
 Lang, Jeffery 
 
 Lang, Richard 
 Langer, Joseph 
 
 Lansing, Jacob 
 
 Laperouse, John B. 
 
 Laroussebierre, Peter 
 
 Lashing, Peter 
 Lathrop, Rufus 
 Latruit, John P 
 
 Lawrence, Josiah H. 
 
 Lawrie, Robert O. 
 Leach, Charles 
 
 Leach, John 
 Leach, Nathaniel 
 Leach, Samuel 
 Leach & Bradley 
 
 Leacock, John 
 
 Leacock, Peter 
 Le Blanc, Lewis 
 Ledell, Joseph 
 Le Dore, 
 Lee, S. W. 
 
 Lefevre, F. 
 Lefevre, John F, 
 Lefevre & Gravelle 
 Legare, Francis 
 Lemaire, Baptiste 
 Lemaire, Mathias 
 Lench, Peter 
 Lendigree, M. 
 Lent, John » 
 Leonard, Allen 
 Leret, Peter 
 
 Le Roux, Bartholomew 
 
 Le Roux, Charles 
 
 MARKS 
 
 B L in oval, LAMAR in. oblong 
 
 Lamothe (script) in shaped oblong 
 
 J. LAMSON in rectangle 
 A L in oval 
 E D in cartouche; LANG in oblong 
 
 ING) LANG 
 R LANG in rectangle 
 
 KD iy 
 
 C.L in engrailed rectangle; LEACH 
 in oblong 
 
 S.L in square 
 
 [ED ELEAcoch £2) 
 
 S.LEE in oblong; teapot in cartouche; _ 
 
 wheat stack in cartouche 
 
 P. Leret in buses 
 BR (LR conjoined) in a cartouche 
 C L in box; C L in rectangle 
 
 {Where no mark is given, the maker used his name or initials. 
 
 LOCATIONS 
 
 Boston, Mass. 
 “ (. e 
 “6 “ 
 
 New York City _ 
 Philadelphia 
 
 New Orleans, La. 
 New Orleans, La. 
 Baltimore, Md. 
 
 Elizabeth, N. J. 
 Salem, Mass. 
 
 Philadelphia 
 Albany, N. Y. 
 
 New Orleans, La. — 
 New York City ait 
 
 Norwich, Conn. | : 
 Washington, Dz. oy 
 _ Philadelphig 
 
 Boston, Mass. 
 
 “ce 
 
 Philadelphia 
 ~~: oe sat N ; 
 
 Providence, R. i . 
 Philadelphia Se 
 
 Boston, Mass. age = 
 Philadelphia : es ; 
 
 New York Ci ity 
 
 a “ ai RS, a a 
 Pepe Sun 
 New York ae 
 
“ 
 
 American Silversmiths and Their Marks 
 
 SILVERSMITHS 
 Le Roux, John 
 Lescure, Edward 
 Le Telier, John 
 
 Letourneaux, M. 
 Levely, 
 Leverett, Knight 
 
 Levis, William 
 Lewin, Gabriel 
 Lewis, Harvy 
 
 Lewis, Isaac 
 
 Lewis, Tunis 
 
 Lewis & Smith 
 
 Lightfoot, James 
 Linch, Peter 
 Lincoln, Elijah 
 Lincoln & Foss 
 Lincoln & Read 
 Lindner, George 
 Lingley, Henry 
 Link, Peter 
 Lintot 
 
 Little, Paul 
 Little, William 
 Lockwood, A. 
 Lockwood, James 
 Lofland, Purnel 
 Logan, Adam 
 Logan, James 
 Long, Andrew 
 Long, William 
 Longly, Henry 
 Lord, Benjamin 
 Lord, Jabez C. 
 Lord, Joseph 
 Lord & Smith 
 Loring, Elijah 
 
 Loring, Henry 
 Loring, Joseph ; 
 
 Loud, Asa 
 Low, Ball & Co. 
 
 Low, Francis 
 
 Low, John J. & Co. 
 
 Low, John S. 
 Lower, Joseph 
 
 MARKS 
 
 qm & 
 T 
 (LETEDIER (2S 
 
 K LEVERETT in rectangle; K L in 
 rectangle; K L in straight-topped 
 shield; K Leverett (script) in oblong 
 
 ~GL in square 
 
 H. LEWIS in rectangle 
 Lewis & Smith (script) in shaped ob- 
 long 
 
 E.LINCOLN in rectangle 
 LINCOLN & FOSS in rectangle 
 LINCOLN & READ in rectangle 
 
 W L in rectangle 
 A. LOCKWOOD in oblong 
 
 A.LOGAN in rectangle 
 H.LONGLY (script) in shaped oblong 
 J. LORD in oblong 
 
 E.Loring (last four letters in script) in 
 shaped cartouche; E.Loring in car- 
 touche 
 
 J.J.LOW & CO. in rectangle 
 
 LOWER in rectangle 
 
 +Where no mark is given, the maker used his name or initials. 
 
 LOCATIONS 
 New York City 
 Philadelphia 
 
 “6 
 
 New York City 
 Baltimore, Md. 
 
 Boston, Mass. 
 Philadelphia 
 Baltimore, Md. 
 Philadelphia 
 
 Ridgefield, Conn. 
 New York City 
 
 Philadelphia 
 New York City 
 
 Hingham, Mass. 
 
 Boston, Mass. 
 “ce “6c 
 
 Philadelphia 
 New York City 
 Philadelphia 
 New York City 
 Portland, Me. 
 
 269 
 PERIOD 
 1723 
 1822 
 1770 
 
 1797 
 1788 
 
 1724 
 1810 
 iar 
 
 I8iI 
 
 1796 
 1805 
 
 1806 
 1749 
 1805 
 1818 
 1829 
 
 1835 
 
 1837 
 I8Io 
 
 I8iI 
 1762 
 1760 
 
 Newburyport, Mass. 1775 
 
 New York City 
 Philadelphia 
 New York City 
 Philadelphia 
 
 “é 
 
 New York City 
 Pittsfield, Mass. 
 New York City 
 Philadelphia 
 
 New York City 
 
 Barnstable, Mass. 
 
 Boston, Mass. 
 Hull, Mass. 
 
 Boston, Mass. 
 Hartford, Conn. 
 
 Boston, Mass. 
 “<“ 66 
 
 “ec «ce 
 
 Salem, Mass. 
 Philadelphia 
 
 1810 
 1799 
 1810 
 1803 
 1810 
 1837 
 1807 
 1810 
 1796 
 1823 
 1815 
 1823 
 
 1773-1818 
 1794 
 
 1743 
 18Io 
 1792 
 1840 
 1827 
 1828 
 1821 
 1806 
 
270 
 
 SILVERSMITHS 
 
 Lowner, Jacob 
 Lowner, William 
 Lownes, Edward 
 
 Lownes, J. & J. H. 
 
 Lownes, Joseph 
 
 Lownes, Josiah H. 
 
 Lownes & Erwin 
 Loyer, Adrian 
 Lucet, James 
 Luls, Lambert 
 Lusada, Benjamin 
 Luscomb, John G. 
 Lussaur, John 
 
 Lyell, David 
 Lynch, John 
 Lynde, Thomas 
 Lyng, John 
 
 Lyng, John Burt 
 
 Lynn, Adam 
 
 Mabrid & Co. 
 MacFarland, John 
 
 Machon, Austin 
 Main, David 
 
 Mainwaring, Thomas 
 
 Mairot, Jean C. 
 Mann, Alexander 
 Mannerback, L. 
 Manning, Daniel 
 Manning, Joseph 
 Manning, Samuel 
 
 Mansfield, Elisha H, 
 
 Mansfield, John 
 
 Mansfield, Thomas 
 Marble, Simeon 
 
 Marchand, Evariste 
 Marquand, Frederick 
 
 Marquard, Isaac 
 
 Marquand & Brother 
 
 Marquand & Co. 
 Marshall, Joseph 
 Marshall, Thomas 
 
 ee et 
 
 MARKS 
 
 i 
 
 E.LOWNES in rectangle and tree in 
 oval; E,LOWNES in wavy rectangle 
 
 Cinna (SG 
 
 SL) UHL 
 
 J.LYNCH in oblong and [ELYNGH 
 
 T.LYNDE in oval cartouche 
 
 nd a} 
 
 I B L in rectangle; LYNG in engrailed 
 rectangle, followed by N. YORK i in 
 rectangle 
 
 J :M.: FARLAND in oblong; J M ’F 
 oblong 
 
 ‘ 
 
 S.MARBLE in oblong 
 
 F, MARQUAND in shaped rectangle; 
 F.M in rectangle; Lion in cartouche; 
 
 F and C in separate rectangles 
 
 tWhere no mark is given, the maker used his name or initials. 
 
 Bir a 
 
 Savannah, Ga. 
 New York City © 
 “ce “ce “cc 
 
 Boston, Mass, 
 New York City _ 
 
 Baltimore, Md. 
 Worcester, Mass. 
 Philadelphia 
 
 f 
 
 New York City zs 
 Alexandria, Va. 
 
 New York City = 
 
 Boston, Mass. | 
 Philadelphia 
 Stonington, Conn. — : 
 West New Jersey _ 
 New Orleans, La. | Sie 18: 
 Middletown, Chae ae 
 Reading, Pa. 
 Boston, Mass. > 
 New York re 
 oston, Mass, > 
 Norwich, Conn. 
 Charlescawn core 
 
 Philadelphia Re, 
 New Haven, Conn, te 
 New Orleans, La. i 
 
 New York City ee 
 “ “ es ie 
 
 Philadelphia 
 
 Troy, N.. Yao een 
 
SILVERSMITHS 
 
 American Silversmiths and Their Marks 
 
 MARKS 
 
 Marshall & Tempest t 
 Martin, Abraham W. 
 
 Martin, Peter 
 Mather & North 
 
 -Matlack, William 
 
 P.MARTIN in oblong 
 MATHER & NORTH in double ruled 
 rectangle 
 
 Maverick, Peter R. 
 
 Maysenhoelder, C. 
 
 McClymon, J. C. (TLCLymon) Paar 
 McConnell, Hugh McCONNELL in oblong 
 McConnelly, H. 
 
 McCormick, John 
 
 McCrea, Robert 
 McDaniel, Peter 
 
 McDonald, Daniel 
 McDonnough, Patrick 
 
 McDonough, John 
 
 McFarland, John J.M’F. in oblong; J. M’7FARLAND in 
 oblong 
 
 McFee, John 
 
 McFee, M. 
 
 McFee & Reeder M & R (& is very minute) in rectangle 
 
 McGraw, Daniel 
 
 McIntire, James 
 
 McIntosh, John 
 
 McKliment, John 
 
 McLawrence, John 
 
 McMahon, John 
 
 McMaster, John 
 
 McMullen, James 
 
 McMullen, William 
 
 MeMulin, John 7 Th) UEtal) 
 THQ TM Min) 
 
 McMullin & Black McMuLLin & BLack in rectangle 
 
 McPherson, Robert 
 
 Meade, Adriance 
 
 Mecom, John 
 Mecum, George 
 Merchant, J. 
 
 Merkler, John H. 
 
 & Co. MEADE & ADRIANCE in rectangle, 
 ST. Louis in oblong 
 
 J.MERCHANT in oblong 
 
 4) 
 
 Merrifield, Thomas V. Z. 
 
 Merriman, C. 
 
 Merriman, Marcus 
 
 +Where no mark 
 
 M.M in engrailed oval; M.M. between 
 parallel curves, convexed on upper 
 sides and closed at ends; M.M in 
 oblong; eagle, M, and wheat shock 
 each in square 
 
 is given, the maker used his name or initials. 
 
 LOCATIONS 
 
 Philadelphia 
 New York City 
 
 «¢ 
 
 New Britain, Conn. 
 
 Philadelphia 
 New York City 
 Philadelphia 
 
 New York City 
 Philadelphia 
 
 «ce 
 
 New York City 
 Philadelphia 
 
 “ce 
 
 Boston, Mass. 
 
 Philadelphia 
 
 Chester, Pa. 
 Philadelphia 
 
 Ft. Stanwix, Pa. 
 
 New York City 
 Philadelphia 
 
 «ae 
 
 ae 
 
 «e 
 
 St. Louis, Mo. 
 New York City 
 Boston, Mass. 
 New York City 
 
 Albany, N. Y. 
 New York City 
 
 Cheshire, Conn. 
 
 New Haven, Conn. 
 
 271 
 
 PERIOD 
 
 1813 
 
 1835 
 1756 
 
 1825 
 1828 
 1780 
 1824 
 
 1805 
 
 1813 
 1811 
 1837 
 1785 
 1743 
 1828 
 1811 
 
 1775 
 
 1796 
 1793 
 1769 
 1797 
 1772 
 1840 
 1761 
 1804 
 1818 
 1804 
 1805 
 1814 
 
 1791 
 
 1796 
 
 1811 
 1831 
 
 1831 
 
 1770 
 1836 
 
 1795 
 1788 
 1840 
 1825 
 
 1762. 
 1787 
 
272 
 
 SILVERSMITHS 
 
 Merriman, Reuben 
 Merriman, Samuel 
 Merriman, Silas 
 Merriman & Bradley 
 
 Merriman, Marcus & 
 
 Co. 
 Merriman & Tuttle 
 Merrow, Nathan 
 Michaels, James 
 
 Miksch, John M. 
 
 Miles, John 
 Milhe, Stephen 
 Millar, James 
 Millard, George 
 Miller, William 
 
 Miller & Son 
 Millner, Thomas 
 
 Millon, Peter 
 Milloudon, Phillippe 
 Mills, Edmund 
 Mills, Edward 
 Mills, John 
 
 Milne, Edmund 
 
 Milné, F. 
 Milne, Thomas 
 Minott, Samuel 
 
 Minott & Austin 
 (Samuel & Joseph) 
 Minott & Simpkins 
 (Samuel & William) 
 Minshall, William 
 Mitchell, Phineas 
 Mitchell, William 
 Mix, James 
 Mobbs, William 
 Moffat, Charles H. 
 Moffat, John L. 
 
 Mood, Joseph 
 
 Moore, Charles 
 Moore, John C, 
 
 Moore, John L. 
 
 oe es Ria Suteban ‘ vic Nae 
 
 American Silversmiths and Their Marks 
 
 MARKS © 
 
 tT 
 
 S.Merriman in rectangle 
 
 M & B, tree above the &, in circle on 
 rectangle; M & B, bird above the &, 
 in circle on rectangle 
 
 M M&CO in escalloped rectangle; staff 
 of wheat in circle 
 
 (CEMIKSCH) 
 
 MILLER in rectangle; Miller in script 
 capitals in oblong 
 
 T M in heavy capitals in cartouche; 
 T M in oblong 
 
 E.MILNE in oblong; E M in oval car- 
 touche; EM in a rude square 
 
 S M in box; M (script) in box; Minott. 
 in oblong; Minott (script) in rec- 
 tangle : 
 
 Minnot and I A in rectangles 
 
 Minott (script) in rectangles and WS 
 in rectangle 
 
 W. MITCHELL, rude capitals on scroll 
 
 and J MOOD in wavy- 
 
 lined oblong; J&P MOOD in engrailed 
 oblong 
 
 J.C.M. in rectangle, followed by star, 
 anchor, and M in rude circles 
 J.L.M. in rectangles; J.L. MOORE in 
 
 rectangle 
 
 fWhere no mark is given, the maker used his name or initials, 
 
 “ig ¥ 
 
 LOCATIONS ko 
 Litchfield, Conn. 
 Cheshire,Conn. 
 New Haven, Conn. Gok 
 
 «¢ ce 
 
 “ce a9 “ a 
 
 “e “ce “ce 
 
 East Hartford, Conn. 
 New York City i 
 Bethlehem, Pa. 
 Philadelphia 
 
 Boston, Mass. 
 Philadelphia 
 
 ce 
 
 “c 
 
 Boston, Mass. 
 New York City 
 Philadelphia — 
 
 oe 
 
 FT es 
 
 ac 
 
 New York City — 
 
 “ 
 Boston, Mass. 
 “ al 5 tn 
 
 Philadelphia 
 Boston, Mass. 
 
 “ce = 08. 
 
 Albany, N. Y. 
 Buffalo, Nu Yin 
 New York City | 
 
 Philadelphia | 
 
 New York City ato 
 
 “ce “e “cc a: 
 
American Silversmiths and Their Marks 
 
 SILVERSMITHS 
 
 Moore, Robert 
 Moore, Thomas 
 Moore & Brewer 
 Moore & Brown 
 Moore & Ferguson 
 Morgan, John 
 Mormagea, Michael 
 Morris, John 
 Morris, Sylvester 
 Morris, William H. 
 Morrison, Israel 
 Morse, David 
 Morse, Hazen 
 Morse, J. H. 
 Morse, Moses 
 Morse, Nathaniel 
 
 Morse, Stephen 
 Moseley, David 
 
 Moseley, Joseph 
 Moses, Jacob 
 
 Moses, M. 
 
 Moshore, John 
 
 Moss, Isaac N. 
 
 Mott, John & William 
 Mott, J. S. 
 
 Mott, W. & J. S. 
 
 Moulinar, John 
 
 Moulton, Abel 
 Moulton, Ebenezer S. 
 
 Moulton, Enoch 
 
 Moulton, Joseph, I 
 
 Moulton, Joseph, II 
 Moulton, Joseph, LI 
 Moulton, William, I 
 
 Moulton, William, IT 
 
 Moulton, William, III 
 Moulton & Bradbury 
 Moulton & Davis 
 Mulford, John H. 
 Mumford, H. G. 
 
 MARKS 
 
 J. H. MORSE in rectangle 
 
 M. MORSE in rectangle 
 
 N M crowned, bird? below in a shield; 
 N M in a rectangle 
 
 MORSE in rectangle 
 
 D Moseley, in rectangle; D M in rec- 
 tangle; D Moseley (script) in rec- 
 tangle 
 
 MOSES in oblong 
 
 MOTT?’S in wavy-lined rectangle 
 J MOTT in rectangle 
 
 (EM) (EM) dD 
 
 A.MOULTON in rectangle 
 
 E. S. Moulton (script) in oblong; 
 MOULTON incised 
 
 E. MOULTON in rectangle, straight- 
 lined on top and serrated on 3 sides 
 
 J.M. in an engrailed rectangle; 
 
 re FE MIOUr x J. MOULTON 
 EM Q@/DEMOULTON) incised 
 
 (MOULTON GO iI) 
 
 MOULTON in heavy capitals 
 
 W.MOULTON in rectangle; MOUL- 
 TON in a rectangle; MOULTON in- 
 cised 
 
 W M in rectangle; MOULTON in rec- 
 tangle 
 
 MOULTON in rectangle 
 
 +Where no mark is given, the maker used his name or initials. 
 
 LOCATIONS 
 
 Maryland 
 Philadelphia 
 New York City 
 
 Philadelphia 
 New York City 
 
 Philadelphia 
 
 Boston, Mass. 
 «ec a 
 
 New York City 
 Birmingham, Ga.{ 
 Boston, Mass. 
 New York City 
 Derby, Conn. 
 New York City 
 
 Newburyport, Mass. 
 Boston, Mass. 
 
 Portland, Me. 
 
 Newburyport, Mass. 
 
 Albany, N. Y. 
 
 Providence, R. I. 
 
 {The town is correctly located in Georgia; it now has a population of 100, 
 
 273 
 PERIOD 
 1778 
 1805 
 
 1835 
 
 1833 
 1801 
 
 1813 
 1816 
 1796 
 1797 
 1759 
 1323 
 1798 
 1815 
 1792 
 1816 
 
 F729 
 1764 
 
 1774 
 1830 
 1768 
 1830 
 1905 
 1781 
 1789 
 1790 
 1789 
 744 
 
 1815 
 
 1796 
 
 1801 
 
 1680 
 
 1740 
 1813 
 
 1710 
 
 1720 
 1772 
 1796 
 1824 
 
 1835 
 1813 
 
274 
 
 SILVERSMITHS 
 Munroe, James 
 
 Munson, Amos 
 Munson, Cornelius 
 Murdock, James 
 
 Murphy, James 
 Musgrave, James 
 Myer, H. B. 
 Myers, Albert 
 
 Myers, John 
 
 Myers & Jacob 
 Myers, Myer 
 
 Mygatt, Comfort S. 
 Mygatt, David 
 Mygatt, Eli 
 
 Mysendhender, 
 
 Nagles, John 
 Neuill, Richard 
 Neuss, Jan . 
 
 Nevill, Richard 
 Newberry, Edwin C. 
 Newhall, Dudley 
 Newkirke, Joseph 
 
 Newman, Timothy H. 
 
 Nichols, Bassett 
 Nichols, William S. 
 
 Nicherson, Baty 
 Nixon, Richard 
 Noble, Joseph 
 
 Norcross, Nehemiah 
 
 Norris, George 
 North, William B. 
 North & Co. 
 Northee, David I. 
 
 Northey, Abijah 
 Norton, Andrew 
 Norton, Benjamin 
 Norton, C. C. 
 Norton, Samuel 
 Norton, Thomas 
 Norton & Pitkin 
 
 and PURE COIN in rectangles 
 
 Cade TH 
 1 ada 
 
 J. MURPHY in oblong 
 Musgrave (script) in shaped cartouche 
 H B Myer in oblong 
 
 TEMES Gitjep 
 
 MM (script) in oval; MM in rectangle; 
 MM in cartouche; Myer (script) in 
 shaped cartouche 
 
 D.MYGATT in escalloped rectangle 
 
 IN, spray? below in a heart; the I is 
 barred 
 
 I.N in oval; I.N. in rectangle 
 
 Newman (script) in cartouche 
 
 NICHOLS in rectangle; anchor, star, 
 and Head in ovals 
 
 W.S.N in rectangle; NICHOLS in rec- 
 tangle 
 
 W.B.N in rectangle 
 D.I.NORTHEE in a rectangle; D N 
 
 in rectangle 
 A N in rectangle 
 
 C C NORTON in rectangle 
 
 T N in rectangle 
 C.C.NORTON in rectangle; & in 
 rectangle; W. PITKIN in rectangle 
 
 tWhere no mark is given, the maker used his name or initials, 
 
 Barnstable, Mass. _ 
 New Haven, Conn. 
 Wallingford, Conn. 
 
 Philadelphia 
 
 New York City | 
 
 Philadelphia 
 
 «“e 
 
 New York City | 
 Danbury, Conn. 
 
 Philadelphia 
 Philadelphia 
 Boston, Mass. 
 Philadelphia 
 Boston, Mass. 
 Mansfield, Conn. 
 Salem, Mass. 
 New York City — 
 ? 
 
 Providence, R. 1B 
 
 Newport, R. I. 
 Harwich, Mass. 
 Philadelphia _ 
 Portland, Me. 
 Boston, Mass. 
 Philadelphia 
 
 New York Ci ty 
 Salem, Mass. . 
 
 Goshen, Conn. 
 Boston, Mass. 
 Hartford, Conn. 
 Hingham, Mass. 
 Farmington, Conn, 
 
 Hartford, Conn. 
 
Tae ea ieee 
 Ba oat 
 
 American Silversmiths and Their Marks 
 
 SILVERSMITHS 
 Norwood, Richard 
 
 Noyes, John 
 
 Noyes, Samuel 
 Noyes, N. & T. F. 
 Nuttall, Joseph 
 
 Oakes, Frederick 
 
 Oakes & Spencer 
 Obrihim, Joseph 
 Odell, Lawrence 
 Oertelt, Charles E. 
 Ogier, John 
 Ogilvie, Gabriel 
 Oliver, Andrew 
 Oliver, Daniel 
 Oliver, Peter 
 Olivier, Peter 
 
 Olmstead, Nathaniel 
 
 Onclebagh, Garret 
 Osgood, J. 
 Osthoff, Andrew 
 Otis, John 
 
 Otis, Jonathan 
 
 Ott, Daniel 
 Ott, George 
 
 Overin, Richard 
 Owen, Jesse 
 Owen, John 
 
 Paddy, Samuel 
 Painter, John 
 Palmer, James 
 Palmer & Bachlader 
 Palmer & Clapp 
 
 Palmer & Hinsdale 
 
 Pancoast, Samuel 
 
 Paradice, William A. 
 
 Paraset, William 
 Parham, William © 
 Parie, Joseph 
 Parisen, Otto 
 Parisien, Otto W. 
 Parisien, O. & Son | 
 Parker, Daniel 
 
 MARKS 
 
 t 
 TH) kD 
 
 OAKES in rectangles; OAKES in 
 oblong 
 O & S in rectangle 
 
 D. OLIVER in a rectangle 
 
 P.O in heart 
 
 P.O in engrailed rectangle 
 
 N OLMSTEAD in rectangle, followed 
 by bird in cartouche and P (probably 
 
 a workman’s mark) in cartouche 
 
 GBO, letter in each leaf of trefoil 
 
 J.Ous (script) in oblong; Otis in car- 
 touche; I.O in a cartouche; Otis 
 (small script) in cartoon; Otis (large) 
 in rectangle 
 
 G. Ott (script) in oblong, Ott (script) 
 in rectangle 
 
 JSE E. OWEN in rectangle 
 I.OWEN in rectangle; OWEN in rec- 
 tangle 
 
 Parisen in rectangle 
 
 O P D P in oblong 
 D: P in rectangle ; D : PARKER in 
 rectangle 
 
 {Where no mark is given, the maker used his name or initials. 
 
 LOCATIONS 
 New York City 
 
 Boston, Mass. 
 
 Norwich, Conn. 
 > 
 
 ——, Maryland 
 
 Hartford, Conn. 
 ae “cc 
 
 Annapolis, Md. 
 New York City 
 Philadelphia 
 New York City 
 Boston, Mass. 
 Philadelphia 
 Boston, Mass. 
 
 Philadelphia 
 
 New Haven, Conn. 
 
 New York City 
 Salem, Mass. 
 Pittsburgh, Pa. 
 Barnstable, Mass. 
 
 Newport, R. I. 
 New York City 
 
 Norfolk, Va. 
 New York City 
 Philadelphia 
 
 “6 
 
 Boston, Mass. 
 Philadelphia 
 New York City 
 Boston, Mass. 
 New York City 
 
 Philadelphia 
 
 “é 
 “ce 
 
 ae 
 
 New York City 
 
 ae ‘ 
 
 ae as “6 
 
 Boston, Mass. 
 
 275 
 PERIOD 
 1774 
 1695 
 
 1779 
 
 1778 
 
 1825 
 1814 
 1784 
 1830 
 1831 
 1791 
 1791 
 1722 
 1805 
 1682-1712 
 
 1797 
 
 1826 
 1698 
 1817 
 1815 
 1706 
 
 17g! 
 1792 
 
 1806 
 1702 
 1794 
 
 1804 
 
 1659 
 
 1735 
 1815 
 
 1815 
 1823 
 1815 
 1785 
 1799 
 1811 
 1785 
 ISI 
 1763 
 I7g1 
 1789 
 
 1727-1786 
 
276 
 
 SILVERSMITHS 
 
 Parker, George 
 Parker, Isaac 
 Parker, Richard 
 Parker, William H. 
 Parkman, C. 
 Parkman, John 
 Parkman, Thomas 
 Parks, John 
 Parmele, James 
 Parmele, Samuel 
 
 Parry, Martin 
 Parry, Rowland 
 Parry & Musgrave 
 Parsons, 
 Pascal, William 
 Paterson, George 
 Pattit, Thomas 
 Patton, Thomas 
 -Paulgreen, Quam 
 - Paxson, John A. 
 Peabody, John 
 Peale, Charles W. 
 Pear, Edward 
 Pearce, W. 
 
 Pearse, Samuel 
 Pearson, John 
 
 Peck, Lawrence M. 
 Peck, Timothy 
 Pedosy, S. 
 
 Peiri, Joseph 
 Pelletreau, Elias 
 
 Pelletreau, John 
 Pelletreau, Maltby 
 Pelletreau, William S: 
 
 Pelletreau & Upson 
 Pepper, Henry I. 
 Perkins, Houghton 
 Perkins, Isaac 
 Perkins, Jacob 
 
 Perpignan, Peter 
 Perpignan & Varnier 
 Perraux, Peter 
 Perret, Augusta 
 Perret & Sandoz 
 
 BS) aa ok ee ee 
 
 one 
 
 ha 
 
 American Silene Bey Their Marks am” 
 
 MARKS 
 
 G. PARKER in rectangle 
 I PARKER in rectangle 
 
 t 
 
 C.PARKMAN in an oblong 
 PARKMAN in oblong 
 T. PARKMAN in serrated rectangle 
 
 S:Parmele (surname in script) in 
 shaped cartouche; S.P in cartouche; 
 S P in oval; S. Parmele (script) in 
 oblong 
 
 PARRY in rectangle 
 
 PARSONS in rectangle 
 
 J.PEABODY in rectangle 
 
 E P in serrated square 
 W PEARCE 
 Va 
 Norfolk 
 
 in oval 
 
 J.Pearson (script) in rectangle; I P in 
 cartouche 
 
 E P in square 
 
 W.S.P. in escalloped rectangle; W. S. 
 PELLETREAU in an oblong 
 
 H.1.PEPPER in rectangle 
 
 I P crowned in shield 
 
 P.P in cartouche; PP in square 
 
 {Where no mark is given, the maker used his name or initials. 
 
 Baltimore, Md. 
 
 ‘Philadelphia 
 
 LOCATIONS. 
 
 Deerfield, Mass. | 
 
 ~ Philadelphia oo & 
 
 New York City — 
 Boston, Mass. 
 
 «ce ae 
 
 New York City _ 3 
 Durham, Conn. 
 
 Guilford, Coane 
 Portsmouth, N. H. 
 Philadelphia 
 
 “ec 
 
 New York City ~= * & 
 Philadelphia , : 
 
 Enfield, Conn: ? 3 : 
 Philadelphia - 
 Boston, Mass. 
 
 “Norfolk, Va. 
 
 New York City i 
 
 Philadelphia ; ia Ys 
 Middletown, Conn. ee 
 
 New York City . sie 
 Southampton, L. I, 
 New York City us ae oS 
 ot ae 
 ‘e er a te ee. 
 Philadelphia 
 Boston, Mass. 
 Charlestown, Mass. 
 
 Newburyport, Mass. + 
 Phi rates 
 
 ae 
 Lis a 
 
 New York He City, 
 
 He. 
 
=. 
 
 Ee ee ee ee Pe ee ee ee ee gs ee a, 
 
 American Silversmiths and Their Marks 
 
 SILVERSMITHS 
 
 Perry, Thomas 
 Peters, James 
 Peters, R. 
 
 Petit, Matthew 
 Pettit, Thomas 
 Phelps, Jedediah 
 Philip & Yver 
 Phillips, James D. 
 Phillips, Samuel 
 
 Phyfe, William 
 Pickering, Charles 
 Pierce, Hart 
 Pierce, John 
 Pierce, O. 
 
 Pierpont, Benjamin 
 
 Pierson, Phillip 
 Pinchin, William 
 Pinto, Joseph 
 Pitkin, Henry 
 Pitkin, James F. 
 Pitkin, John O. 
 Pitkin, J. O. & W. 
 Pitkin, Walter 
 
 Pitkin, William J. 
 Pitkin, William L. 
 Pitkin & Norton 
 
 Pitman, Benjamin 
 
 Pitman, John K. 
 Pitman, Sanders 
 
 Pitman, William R. 
 Pitman & Dodge 
 Pitman & Dorrance 
 Pitts, Richard — 
 Pitts, A. 
 
 Plain, Edward 
 Planquet, Gregory 
 Platt, George W. 
 Platt, James 
 
 Platt, N.C. 
 
 Platt & Brother 
 
 Poincignon, Francis 
 Poincy, Peter 
 Pointe, James 
 
 MARKS 
 
 M.P in rectangle 
 
 JA’ D.PHILLIPS in rectangle 
 
 PIERCE in an oblong ~ 
 
 O- PIERCE in rectangle 
 
 B* PIERPONT, in a shaped oblong; 
 BP very small in rectangle; PIER- 
 PONT in an oblong; B PIERPONT 
 
 in cartouche 
 
 H P, hollow block letters in cartouche 
 
 J. O. & W. PITKIN in rectangle 
 
 W. PITKIN in rectangle, followed by 
 a star, rooster, and P, in crudely made 
 circles 
 
 WM J. PITKIN in rectangle 
 
 WM.L.PITKIN in rectangle 
 
 W.PITKIN, C C NORTON in rec- 
 tangles 
 
 B. PITMAN in rectangle; Pitman in 
 
 rectangle 
 
 PITMAN in rectangle; Pitman in rec- 
 tangle 
 
 PITTS (script) in cartouche 
 
 PLATT & BROTHER in rectangle; 
 G.W. & N.C. PLATT in rectangle 
 
 {Where no mark is given, the maker used his name or initials, - 
 
 277 
 
 LOCATIONS PERIOD 
 Westerly, R. I. 
 Philadelphia 1821 
 ? 1807 
 New York City 1811 
 * cs a ile 1791 
 Great Barrington, Vt. 1781 
 Philadelphia 1796 
 Cleveland, Ohio 1829 
 Salem, Mass. 1680 
 Boston, Mass. 1721 
 as r 1836 
 Philadelphia 1683 
 New York City 1835 
 Boston, Mass. 1810 
 « «“ 1824 
 Roxbury, Mass. — 1730-1797 
 New York City 1798 
 Philadelphia 1779 
 New York City 1758 
 Hartford, Conn. I8II 
 East Hartford, Conn. 1834 
 se . oe Els, 
 Hartford, Conn. 1826 
 e: i 1808 
 “a i "1820 
 : ~ 1825 
 «“e «ce 1825 
 Providence, R. I. 1825 
 “cc “ce 1805 
 oh oe T7521 Bod 
 New Bedford, Mass. 1835 
 Providence, R. I. 1790 
 ! = 1795 
 Philadelphia 1741 
 a 1790 
 New York City 1835 
 ge Noakes: 1797 
 oe “ “ce 1820 
 “ “cc “cc 1835 
 “cc 6é “cc 1820 
 i fn Sis 1816 
 Philadelphia 1796 
 7 1813 
 cs 1813 
 
We: hese: -—* y 
 et ore wre BRR Sy ihe; 
 
 ae 
 
 278 
 SILVERSMITHS 
 
 Pointe & Tanguv 
 Poissenot, N. J. 
 Poissonier, Francis 
 Poland, P. 
 Polgrain, Quom — 
 Polhamus, J. 
 Pollard, William 
 Poncet, Lewis- 
 Fons, Thomas 
 
 Poor, Nathaniel 
 Porter, F. W. 
 Porter, Henry C. 
 Porter, H.C. & Co. 
 
 Portram, Abraham 
 
 Post, Samuel 
 Potter, J.0;& J. R. 
 Potwine, John 
 
 Potwine & Whiting 
 Poupard, Jas. 
 Powell, C. F. 
 Powelson, Chas. 
 Pratt, Henry 
 Pratt, Nathan 
 Pratt, Phineas 
 Pratt, Seth 
 Price, Benjamin 
 Price, John 
 Prince, Job 
 Putnam, Edward 
 Putnam, Rufus 
 
 Quaritus, Frederick 
 Quincy, Daniel 
 Quintard, Peter 
 
 Rabeth, Jas. 
 Rait, David 
 Rait, Robert 
 Rasch, Anthony 
 
 Rasch & Willig 
 Ravee, Xavier 
 Reed, A. G. & Co. 
 
 vis ne Ans = teal 
 
 MARKS 
 
 + 
 
 W.P in rectangle; W.P in cartouche 
 
 PONS in rectangle; PONS in bane 
 oblong 
 
 F.W.PORTER in oblong 
 
 H. PORTER & CO. in rectangle 
 AP, fleur-de-lis below, in a heart; AP 
 
 in a heart 
 
 IP (separated by a diamond shaped pel- . 
 
 let) in a rectangle; IP with a pellet be- 
 tween the letters in a shield with 
 shaped top; I:Potwine in a shaped 
 cartouche; I-Potwine in an oblong. 
 When the name is used the initials 
 
 are in Roman capitals, the other let- 
 
 ters in script. 
 
 N.PRATT in rectangle 
 
 PQ i in cartouche; Pq in rectangle; P. Q 
 in rectangle 
 
 * 
 
 R.RAIT in rectangle | 
 ANTY RASCH in oblong; Sterling 
 above the word silver, in rectangle 
 
 {Where no mark is given, the maker used his name or initials. 
 
 LOCATIONS 
 Philadelphia 
 ae 
 
 New York Clee 
 Boston, Mass. © 
 Baltimore Md. | 
 
 Boston, Mass. 
 “c “é 
 
 New York City -2.500e 
 “ce “ce 4“ 2 
 
 “ee ae “ 
 
 «“ +6 ee 
 
 New London 
 
 Providence, R. I. 
 
 \ 
 
 Hartford, Conn. 16: 
 oe v “<e = 
 
 Mier 
 
 Boston, Mass. 
 “ (ic eee 
 
 Albany, N. Y. i ee 
 
 Philadelphia. 
 Essex, Conn. | 
 
 Lyme, Conn, 
 4 “ce eres TP eh 
 
 Boston, Mass. 
 Lancaster, Pa. 
 Milford, Conn. 
 Salem, Mass. rae 
 Albany, N. Y. 
 New Tork City, 
 Boston, Mass. ; 
 
 New York iy ah 
 
nie see = 
 
 American Silversmiths and Their Marks 279 
 SILVERSMITHS MARKS LOCATIONS PERIOD 
 Reed, Isaac 7 Stamford, Conn. 1776 
 Reed, Isaac & Son I.LREED & SON in rectangle ic is 1810 
 Reed, Lewis New York City 1810 
 Reed, Osman O.REED PHILA in rectangles Philadelphia 1840 
 Reeder, Abner A.REEDER in rectangle af 1797 
 Reeder, John o 1835 
 Reeves, Enos REEVES in rectangle Charleston, S. C. 1775 
 Reeves, Stephen S.Reeves (script) in shaped rectangle — Burlington, N. J. 1767 
 Revere, Edward Boston, Mass. 1796 
 Revere, J. W. . ‘ 1798 
 Revere, Paultf 2 ? 1735-1818 
 Revere, Paul, Sr. - : 1702-1754 
 Revere, 3d, Paul s : 1795 
 Revere, Thomas T R in rectangle o 1789 
 Revere & Son i i 1796 
 Reynolds, Theodore J. Philadelphia 1835 
 Rice, Henry P. H.P.RICE in rectangle Albany, N. Y. 1815 
 Rice, Joseph T. Rice (script )in cartouche Baltimore, Md. 1785 
 
 Rice, Joseph T. Joseph T. Rice (script) in rectangle 
 
 and Albany (script) in rectangle; 
 J.T.Rice (script) in rectangle ; cs 1835 
 
 Rich, Obadiah O.RICH and BOSTON, each in rec- 
 tangle; O.RICH * BOSTON* Boston, Mass. 1824 
 Richard, Augustus Philadelphia, Pa. 1818 
 
 Richard, Stephen SR in square; S.RICHARDS in rec- 
 
 tangle * i 1793 
 
 Richards, Samuel SRichard, in shaped oblong; S.RICH- 
 ARD in rectangle New York City 1828 
 
 +Where no mark is given, the maker used his name or initials. 
 
 {To distinguish the marks of the two Paul Reveres ‘s often a matter of difficulty unless one has some 
 extraneous evidence of the origin of the silver of which provenance is sought. 
 The following statemets should help: 
 
 Revere, Senior, alone used the mar 
 
 rectangle, and (3d) P R in a crowned shie'd. 
 
 Paul Revere, Jr., used the mark 
 
 in a rectangle, sometimes in conjunction with REVERE. 
 
 ks: P-REVERE ‘na rectangle and (2d) P. Revere, italic script, ina 
 
 REVERE in a rectangle; his fathern ever did; he a'so used P. R script 
 
 The following marks are also attributed to Paul Revere, the son: P R in a rectangle; P R incised; and 
 REVERE in a rectangle. The points of the V are joined to the two Es. 
 
 One should know that tea or coffee sets were not made in the lifetime of the elder Revere. This often 
 will prove a decisive factor, as the younger Revere made a number of tea sets. 
 
 Writing upon this subject to the author, Judge A. T. Clearwater says: “Paul Revere, the patriot, ordin- 
 arily used the mark REVERE, although there are authenticated pieces upon which he used the marks 
 of P. R. but they are rare. There are, as well, pieces made by the elder Revere which were finished, particu- 
 larly.as to the engraving, by the son. They also are “unusual.’”’ Upon such pieces it might be possible that 
 both silversmiths would place their marks. 
 
 Mr. Charles O. Cornelius, replying to an inquiry upon this subject, was kind enough to give me an opinion 
 which agrees with that of Judge Clearwater. 
 
 Another help lies in the fact that the initial mark of the father appears in a crowned shield, while that of 
 the son is in a rectangle or simply incised. Writing to the author upon this subject, Mr. Henry Davis Sleeper 
 says: 
 
 “My intensive experience for many years collecting Paul Revere silver leads me to believe that the very 
 large majority of the silver done by him or in his shop during his life, was marked REVERE with a pellet 
 before it, in a rectangle, and the father’s marked exactly as you have it, P, REVERE or P. R..... All of the 
 twenty-three pieces of silver, many of them large ones, which I gave to the Boston Museum have a pedigree 
 as I acquired pieces only of which I could get complete proof as to ownership from the first to the final 
 owner... were all under Revere, the son’s time, and were all marked REVERE with a pellet in a rectangle. 
 I have also several pieces of Revere, Senior, all of which are marked P. R. or P. REVERE.” 
 
280 
 
 SILVERSMITHS 
 
 Richards, Thos. 
 Richards, W. 
 Richards, W. & S. R. 
 Richards & Williamson 
 
 Richardson, Francis 
 Richardson, Joseph 
 
 Richardson, Joseph, Jr. 
 
 Richardson, J. & N. 
 
 Richardson, Richard 
 Richmond, Franklin 
 Richmond, G. & A. 
 Ridgeway, James 
 Ridgeway, John 
 Ridout, George 
 Ried, Johan 
 
 Rielly, Bernard 
 Riggs, Richard 
 
 Riker, Peter 
 
 Riker & Alexander 
 Ritter, Michael 
 Roath, Roswell W. 
 Robbins, Elisha 
 
 Robert, Christopher 
 
 Roberts, Frederick 
 Roberts, Michael 
 Roberts & Lee 
 Robertson, Alexander 
 Robertson, Robert 
 Robinson, Anthony W. 
 Robinson, Benjamin 
 Robinson, Israel 
 Robinson & Harwood 
 Rockwell, Edward 
 
 Rockwell, R. 
 Rockwell, Thomas 
 Rodier, Peter G. 
 Roe, W. 
 
 Roff, 
 Roe & Stollenwerck 
 Rogers, Augustus 
 Rogers, Daniel 
 Rogers, Daniel 
 Rogers, Joseph 
 Rogers Wm. 
 
 Teas BY" eerie 
 
 American Silversmiths and Their Marks 
 
 MARKS 
 
 RICHARDS & WILLIAMSON in 
 rectangle 
 
 FR in a heart 
 
 JR and IR in rectangles 
 
 J.R. in a square 
 
 I.NR (N and R conjoined) in a car- 
 touche 
 
 F.RICHMOND in rectangle 
 
 J:RIDGEWAY in rectangle 
 G R in rectangle 
 
 RIGGS in rectangle; Riggs in shaped 
 cartouche; RR in cartouche 
 P. RIKER in oblong 
 
 A ROBINSON in rectangle 
 
 ROCKWELL in rectangle; ROCK- . 
 
 WELL in engrailed rectangle 
 Rockwell in oblong 
 
 W.ROE in rectangle; W ROE in oblong 
 cartouche with a wheat sheaf (hori- 
 zontal) in an oblong 
 
 W.ROE & STOLLENWERCK 
 D.ROGERS in oblong 
 I.R in cartouche; I.R in oval 
 
 Wm. ROGERS HARTFORD in rec- 
 tangles 
 
 tWhere no mark is given, the maker used his name or initials. 
 
 Norwich, Conn. 
 
 LOCATIONS 
 
 New York City 
 Philadelphia 
 
 Providence, R. I. 
 “e “ 
 
 Boston, Mass. 
 
 New York City 
 
 Philadelphia eee 
 New York City 
 
 Boston, Mass. :¥ 
 New York City 
 
 “se sé 
 
 “ Ce ee 
 
 Philadelphia 
 
 : New York Gy Res : =: 1 i 
 
 Boston, Mass. ee 
 New York City — : 
 Boston, Mass. os 
 
 Philadelphia — 
 
 eee sd 
 
 o 
 
 New York City | = 
 
 Norwalk, Conn. 1 . 
 New York City = 1825 
 
 Kingston, N. Y. ae 
 New York City 
 Boston, Mass. ws 
 New York City 
 
 Newport, R. I. a is 
 ; 80) 2g i ee 
 
 Hartford, Conn. s 
 
American Silversmiths and Their Marks 
 
 SILVERSMITHS 
 
 Rollingson, Wm. 
 Romney, John 
 Roosevelt, Nicholas 
 
 Rose, Anthony 
 Roshore, John 
 Roshore & Prime 
 Ross, Robert 
 Round, John 
 Rouse, Anthony 
 Rouse, Michael 
 Rouse, William 
 
 Royalston, John 
 Russel, Daniel 
 
 Russel, John H. 
 
 Russel, Jonathan 
 Russelier, Peter 
 Russell, Moody 
 Ryerson, Lou 
 
 Sackett & Williard 
 Sadd, Hervey 
 
 Sadtler, Philip 
 
 Saint Martin, Anthony 
 Sanderson, Benjamin 
 Sanderson, Robert 
 
 Sanderson, Robert, Jr. 
 Sanderson, William 
 Sandford, F. S. 
 €andford, William 
 Sandoz, Philip A. 
 Sandoz & Brother 
 Sands, Stephen 
 Sanford, Isaac 
 Sardo, Michael 
 Sargeant, Ensign 
 Sargeant, Jacob 
 
 Savage, Edward 
 Savage, Thomas 
 Savage, Thomas, Jr. 
 Sawin, Silas 
 
 Sawin, Silas W. 
 Sawyer, H. L. 
 Sayre, Joel 
 
 . MARKS 
 T 
 N.R (diagonal line through R) in 
 
 rudely drawn oval N.R (diagonal 
 line through R in oblong) 
 
 WR with two pellets in shaped oval; 
 WR, star, and three pellets in car- 
 touche; WR with two crosses in car- 
 touche 
 
 DR in outlined leaf 
 
 iis} 
 
 -RUSSELL in irregular rectangle 
 
 MR in oval; MR in cartouche 
 L.Ryerson (script) in shaped rectangle 
 
 H.SADD in rectangle 
 
 P. Sadtler (script) in rectangle 
 
 B S in two rectangles 
 
 R S, with sun above; RS with moon 
 above; RS with stars above, each in 
 rectangle 
 
 E.SARGEANT in rectangle 
 
 J SARGEANT in rectangle; head in 
 circle; sheaf of wheat in rectangle; 
 HARTFORD in rectangle 
 
 T S with star below, in shield 
 SS in rectangle; SS in oval 
 
 H.L. SAWYER in rectangle 
 J.SAYRE in rectangle 
 
 +Where no mark is given, the maker used his name or initials, 
 
 LOCATIONS 
 New York City 
 «< “se “se 
 
 New York City 
 “ce “cc “ 
 ce “ce « 
 
 Federika, Del. 
 Portsmouth, N. H. 
 Philadelphia 
 Boston, Mass. 
 
 Newport, R. I. 
 New York City 
 
 Ashford, Conn. 
 New York City 
 Barnstable, Mass. 
 York, Pa. 
 
 Providence, R. I. 
 
 New Hartford, Conn. 
 
 Baltimore, Md. 
 Philadelphia 
 
 ~ Boston, Mass. 
 
 New York City 
 Nantucket, Mass. 
 
 Philadelphia 
 New York City 
 Hartford, Conn. 
 Baltimore, Md. 
 Boston, Mass. 
 
 Hartford, Conn. 
 Philadelphia 
 
 Boston, Mass. 
 ‘ ‘¢ ““c 
 
 “cc «e 
 
 New York City 
 
 281 
 
 PERIOD 
 
 1783 
 1770 
 
 1755 
 1792 
 1825 
 1789 
 1634 
 1807 
 1711 
 
 1660 
 
 1770 
 1725 
 
 1792 
 1804 
 1794 
 
 1715 
 1760 
 
 1815 
 1798 
 181g 
 1796 
 1617 
 
 1638 
 1638 
 1799 
 1828 
 1817 
 1814 
 1811 
 1774 
 1785 
 1817 
 1820 
 
 1785 
 1794 
 1689 
 1719 
 1823 
 1835 
 1840 
 1802 
 
282 
 
 SILVERSMITHS 
 Sayre, John 
 
 Sayre & Richards 
 Scarret, Joseph 
 
 Schaats, Bartholomew - 
 
 Schaffield, Jeremiah 
 Schanck, Garret 
 
 Schanck, John 
 
 Schofield, Solomon 
 Scott, John B. 
 Scrymageour, James 
 Sewind, John 
 
 Seal, William 
 
 Sears, Matthew 
 Sebastien, Jeanne L. 
 Segn, George 
 Selkirk, William 
 Sell, J. 
 
 Senemand, John B 
 Seveignes, Jacques 
 Sevrin, Lewis 
 Sexnine, Simon 
 Seymour, Joseph 
 Sharp, W 
 
 Shaw, Edward G. 
 Shaw, John A. 
 
 Shaw & Dunlevey 
 Shepherd, Robert 
 Shepherd & Boyd 
 
 Shepherd, Robt. 
 Shepper, John D. 
 
 Shethar, Samuel 
 Shethar & Gorham 
 
 Shethar & Thompson | 
 
 Shields, Caleb 
 Shields, Thomas 
 
 Shipman, Nathaniel 
 
 Shiving, Godfrey 
 Shoemaker, Charles 
 Shoemaker, Joseph 
 Shonnard, George 
 Shopshire, Robert 
 Shreve, Benjamin 
 Sibley, Clark 
 
 American Silversmiths and Their Marks — 
 
 MARKS 
 I.SAYRE in rectangle; 1.Sayre (script) 
 in shaped rectangle; spread eagle in 
 
 rectangle 
 S & R in oval; S& Ri in rectangle 
 
 B S in square; B S in heart with cross 
 below letters 
 
 t scHANCK in rectangle, m in rec- 
 tangle, sheaf of wheat in square 
 
 J.SCHANCK in rectangle; m in rec- 
 tangle; the m is workman’s mark 
 
 W. SEAL in rectangle 
 
 J. SHAW in rectangle; 1.A.SSHAW in 
 wavy-lined rectangle 
 
 R Shepherd (script) in shaped rectangle 
 S & B in rectangle; SHEPHERD & 
 BOYD in an oblong 
 
 _ R. Shepherd (script) in shaped rec- 
 
 tangle 
 
 T S in rectangle; TS in rectangle with 
 curved end 
 
 NS in rectangle; NSSHIPMAN in rec- 
 tangle 
 
 J.SHOEMAKER in rectangle 
 
 tWhere no mark is given, the maker used his name or initials. 
 
 _ New Orleans, La. — 
 
 Boston, Mass. 
 
 LOCATIONS 
 
 New Youk City | fe ae "4 rs 6 
 
 “ce “ 
 
 Philadelphia 
 
 New York City 
 Philadelphia 
 
 New York City 
 
 Albany, N. Y. 
 New York City 
 
 “é “6 i 
 
 Philadelphia 
 New York City 
 Philadelphia 
 New York City 
 
 “ce 4 
 
 Philadelphia 
 
 Philadelphia 
 New York City — | 
 
 << 
 
 Philadelphia — 
 
 Newport, R. I. 
 Philadelphia _ 
 Albany, N. Y, 
 
 Philadelphia 
 
 Litchfield, Conn. 
 New Haven, Conte 2 
 Litchfield, Conn. 
 Baldnuere: Md. 
 
 Philadelphia a7 
 
 Norwich, Conn, > 
 Philadelphia, (ae 
 New York City = 
 Philadelphia 
 New York City 
 Baltimore, Md. © = 
 
 New Flaven Conn, 2 
 
American Silversmiths and Their Marks 
 
 SILVERSMITYS 
 
 Sibley, J. 
 
 Sibley & Marble 
 Silliman, Hezekiah 
 Sime, William 
 Sime & Moses 
 Simes, William 
 
 Simmons, Andrew 
 Simmons, Anthony 
 
 Simmons, James 
 Simmons, Joseph 
 Simmons, J. & A. 
 
 Simmons, Peter 
 Simmons, S. 
 
 Simmons & Alexander 
 
 Simpkins, Thomas B. 
 
 Simpkins, William 
 
 Singleton & Young 
 Sixte, Joseph A. 
 Sixte, Vincent B. 
 Skerry, George W. 
 Skinner, Abraham 
 Skinner, Elizer 
 Skinner, Matt 
 Skinner, Thomas 
 Slidell, Joshua 
 Sloan, William 
 Smith, Christian 
 Smith, David 
 Smith, Ebenezer 
 Smith, George 
 Smith, George O. 
 Smith, I. 
 
 Smith, Jaceb 
 Smith, James 
 Smith, James 
 Smith, John 
 Smith, Joseph 
 Smith, Joseph 
 Smith, J. & T. 
 Smith, Levin H. 
 Smith, Robert 
 Smith, Samuel 
 Smith, William 
 Snyder, George 
 
 MARKS 
 
 J.SIBLEY in rectangle 
 S & M in rectangle 
 
 t 
 
 W.S in rectangle; W.SIMES in rec- 
 tangle; W.SJMES in engrailed rec- 
 tangle 
 
 A.Simmons (script) in rectangle; A.S. 
 in oblong 
 J. Simmons (script) in rectangle 
 
 J. & A. SIMMONS in rectangle; 
 J. & A. S in rectangle 
 
 S.SIMMONS in rectangle 
 
 SIMMONS & 
 
 ALEXANDER in shaped rectangle 
 
 T.B.Simpkins (script) in irregular 
 rectangle 
 
 W. Simpkins in plain cartouche; 
 W.SIMPKINS in cartouche; W S in 
 rectangle; Simpkins (script) in car- 
 touche 
 
 MATT SKINNER in oblong 
 T S in cartouche; SKINNER in oblong 
 
 D.SMITH in rectangle 
 
 I.S in rectangle 
 
 I.SMITH in rectangle 
 
 R.E.SMITH in rectangle 
 
 +Where no mark is given, the maker used his name or initials. 
 
 LOCATIONS 
 
 New Haven, Conn. 
 “ae ae 
 
 “ce 
 
 “é “ce “e 
 
 Birmingham, Ga. 
 ae ce 
 
 Portsmouth, N. H. 
 Philadelphia 
 
 “ee 
 
 New York City 
 Philadelphia 
 
 New York City 
 Philadelphia 
 
 ee 
 
 Boston, Mass. 
 
 6é 
 
 New York City 
 Philadelphia 
 
 Boston, Mass. 
 New York City 
 Hartford, Conn. 
 Philadelphia 
 New York City 
 
 Hartford, Conn. 
 Philadelphia 
 
 SAY Ae 
 Brookfield, Conn. 
 Philadelphia 
 New York City 
 Boston, Mass. 
 Philadelphia 
 New York City 
 Philadelphia 
 
 Boston, Mass. 
 Philadelphia 
 Baltimore, Md. 
 Philadelphia 
 
 46 
 
 New York City 
 Philadelphia 
 
 ) 
 23% 
 ‘PERIOD 
 
 1810 
 1801 
 1767 
 1768 
 1768 
 
 Eig 
 1796 
 
 E97 
 1815 
 
 1828 
 
 1805 
 1816 
 
 1797 
 1798 
 
 1749 
 
 1726 
 1800 
 1837 
 1837 
 1837 
 1756 
 1826 
 1752 
 1733 
 1765 
 1794 
 1820 
 1778 
 1775 
 1831 
 1825 
 1742 
 1809 
 1794 
 1807 
 1819 
 1789 
 1804 
 1817 
 1837 
 1820 
 1785 
 1770 
 1816 
 
; Seid ae pte So Sn eee 
 sts rf ect eee 
 284 American Silversmiths and Their Marks 
 SILVERSMITHS MARKS LOCATIONS 
 
 Solomon, Samuel to Philadelphia 
 Sonnier, Joseph 7 
 Souque, Michael New York City 
 Soumain, Samuel Philadelphia 
 Soumaine, Simeon S S in rectangle New York City 
 Sowerlt, Anthony Sowerlt, script in cartouche Philadelphia 
 Sparrow, Henry bat 
 Spear, Isaac . . Boston, Mass. 
 Spencer, George Essex, Conn. 
 Spencer, James Hartford, Conn. 
 Squire, S. P. S. P. SQUIRE in rectangle New York City 
 Squire & Lander SQUIRE & LANDER incised i. ee 
 Stacy, P. P. STACY in rectangle Boston, Mass. _ 
 Stall, Joseph ee Baltimore, Md. ° 
 Staniford, John J S in cartouche; Staniford (script) in 
 
 shaped oblong Windham, Conn. 
 Stanton, Daniel D. Stanton in oblong Stonington, Conn. | 
 Stanton, Enoch ‘* a 
 Stanton, Zebulon ZS in rectangle; STANTON in rec- 
 
 tangle i i 
 Stanwood, Henry B. Henry B. Stanwood in rectangle Boston, Mass. 
 Staples, John J. J.J.S in rectangle; IIS in oval New York City | 
 St: Cer 8: Lx . New Orleans, La. 
 Stebbins, E. & Co. New York City 
 Stebbins, T. E. T.STEBBINS in oval; STEBBINS . ata 
 
 in rectangle © eae 
 Stebbins & Howe STEBBINS & HOWE in rectangle ae cel, 
 Stedman, Alexander Philadelphia 
 ‘Steele, John Annapolis, Md. 
 Stephanis, Gothelf New York City 
 Stephen, Thomas H. ew | Philadelphia 
 Stephens, George G. S in cartouche New York City 
 Steven, George WS OP aa 
 Stevens & Lakeman STEVENS & LAKEMAN in rectangle Salem, Mass. — 
 Stewart, C. W. New York City 
 Stewart, John Stewart (script) in oval cartouche * 4 
 Stickler, John “ot i a ed 
 Stickney. Jonathan, Jr I.STICKNEY in rectangle _ ‘Newburyport, Mass. ee 
 Stickney, M. P. M. P. STICKNEY in rectangle os 
 Stiles, Benjamin Woodbure Conn. 
 Stillman, Alexander Philadelphia 
 Stillman, E. E.Stillman in oblong oval Stonington, Conn. 
 Stillman, Richard R.STILLMAN in rectangle Philadelphia 
 Stilman, William - Hopkinton, R. I. 
 Stinson, William New York City 
 Stockerman & Pepper STOCKERMAN & PEPPER in rece ~ hi 
 
 tangle Philadelphia 
 Stockman, Jacob ae if 
 Stodder & Frobisher STODDER & FROBISHER in rec- 
 
 tangle Boston, Mass. =f 
 Stollenwerck & Brother Stollenwerck, italics in carianhe. New York City 
 Stollenwerck & Co. Stollenwerck & Co. in shaped cartouche oe aaa 
 Stone, Adam | Baltimore, Md. 
 
 tWhere no mark is given, the maker used his name or initials. ry Rey 
 
 rz 
 
, ie a ee ee 
 
 American Silversmiths and Their Marks 
 
 SILVERSMITHS 
 
 Stone & Osborn 
 Strom, A. G. 
 Strom & Son 
 
 Storrs, N. 
 Storrs & Cooley 
 
 Stout, Samuel 
 
 Stoutenburgh, Tobias, 
 
 Stow, John 
 Strong, John 
 Strong William 
 Stuart, H. 
 Stuart, John 
 Stuckert, Isaac 
 
 Sullivan. D. & Co. 
 
 Supplee, Jacob 
 Sutherland, George 
 Sutton, Robert 
 Swan, Caleb 
 
 Swan, Robert 
 Swan, William 
 Sweetser, Henry P. 
 Symmes, John 
 Syng, Daniel 
 Syng, Philip 
 
 Syng, Philip, Jr. 
 
 Taber, William 
 Tanguy, John 
 Tanguy, J. & P. 
 Tanguy, Peter 
 Tanguy, Repiton 
 Tanner, John 
 
 Targee, John 
 Targee, J. & P. 
 
 ‘Tatgee, Peter 
 Targee, William 
 Taylor, George W. 
 Taylor, John 
 Taylor, Najah 
 Taylor, Thomas 
 Taylor, William 
 Taylor & Hinsdale 
 
 Taylor & Lawrie 
 Tempest, Robert 
 
 ¢Where no mark is given, the maker used his name or initials. 
 
 tT 
 A.G.STROM in engrailed rectangle 
 STROM & SON, script in a shaped 
 
 rectangle 
 
 N.STORRS in rectangle 
 S & C in shaped cartouche, diamond 
 
 centre 
 
 T S B in crude rectangle 
 
 Stuart (script) in oval 
 
 D. SULLIVAN & CO in wavy-lined 
 
 rectangle 
 
 R : SWAN in rectangle 
 
 Swan (script) in cartouche 
 
 P S in rectangle 
 
 P S in double circle, followed by star in 
 
 cartouche 
 
 J TANGUY in rectangle 
 
 I.T in rectangle; calyx of lily (?); 1 T 
 (script) in shaped cartouche 
 
 I & P T, a letter a and three four un- 
 recognizable objects in cartouches; 
 
 I.P.TARGEE in rectangle 
 
 T & H in rectangle; head, lion, and a 
 workman’s mark (G?) in cartouche 
 
 LOCATIONS 
 
 New York City 
 Albany, N. Y. 
 
 Albany, N. Y. 
 New York City 
 
 Princeton, N. J. 
 New York City 
 
 Wilmington, Del. 
 
 , Md. 
 Philadelphia 
 New York City 
 
 Providence, R. I. 
 
 Philadelphia 
 
 New York City 
 Philadelphia 
 Boston, Mass. 
 
 Philadelphia 
 
 Worcester, Mass. 
 “e 
 
 “ce 
 
 Boston, Mass. 
 Lancaster, Pa. 
 
 Philadelphia 
 
 Newport, R. I. 
 
 New York City 
 
 Philadelphia 
 New York City 
 
 ‘ 
 
 Providence, R. I. 
 
 Philadelphia 
 
 New York City 
 Philadelphia 
 
 285 
 
 PERIOD 
 
 1796 
 1830 
 
 1835 
 1825 
 
 1832 
 1779 
 1731 
 La72 
 1778 
 1807 
 1808 
 1720 
 1809 
 
 1820 
 1791 
 1810 
 1820 
 
 A7TS 
 1799 
 1736 
 1768 
 1766 
 +734 
 1715 
 
 1727 
 
 1835 
 1801 
 
 1808 
 1810 
 1806 
 
 1740 
 
 1794 
 
 1811 
 I181I 
 1807 
 1824 
 1801 
 
 1793 
 rie 
 i772 
 
 1801 
 
 1837 
 1814 
 
286 
 
 SILVERSMITHS 
 Ten Eyck, Jacob 
 
 Ten Eyck, Koenraet 
 
 Terry, Geer 
 
 Terry, John 
 
 Terry, L. B. 
 
 Terry, Williamt 
 
 Thaxter, Joseph B. 
 
 Theofile, William 
 
 Thibault, Felix 
 
 Thibault, Francis 
 
 Thibault, Francis 
 Felix 
 
 Thibault, Frederick 
 
 Thibault, Fred’k & Felix 
 
 Thibault Bros. 
 
 Thibault & Co. 
 Thomas, Thomas 
 Thomas, Walter 
 Thomas, William 
 Thompson, D. B. 
 Thompson, Isaac 
 Thompson, James 
 Thomson, Peter 
 Thomson, James 
 Thomison, Peter 
 Thomson, William 
 Thornton, Henry 
 Tiley, James 
 Tingley, Samuel 
 
 Tisdale, B. H. 
 
 Titcomb, Francis 
 Tompkins, Edmund 
 Touzell, John 
 Towson, Obadiah 
 Tracy, Erastus 
 Tracy, Gordon 
 Tripler, Christian 
 Troll, William 
 Troth, James 
 Trott, J. P. & Son 
 Trott, John P 
 
 Trott, Jonathan 
 
 Trott, Jonathan, Jr. 
 Trott, Thomas 
 
 American Silversmiths and Their Marks ° 
 
 MARKS 
 
 I T in cartouche (I barred); ITE 
 (TE in monogram) in box 
 
 K T E (T E in monogram) in cartouche’ 
 
 G TERRY in oblong 
 
 t 
 L.B. TERRY in rectangle 
 Wm.TERRY in an oblong 
 
 -THIBAULT in rectangle 
 
 THIBAULT 
 BROTHERS in rectangle 
 
 D.B.Thompson in rectangle 
 1. THOMPSON in rectangle 
 
 W.Thomson (script) in shaped oblong 
 
 I. TILEY in oblong cartouche 
 
 S I (script) in cartouche; N York 
 (script) in shaped cartouche; I. 
 Tingley (script) 1 in shaped cartouche 
 
 B H TISDALE in rectangle; B H Tis- 
 dale (script) in rectangle 
 
 F. TITCOMB in rectangle 
 
 JF. TOUZELL in oval cartouche 
 
 I.P.T. & Son in rectangle 
 
 J.P.T. in engrailed rectangle; 
 TROTT in oval cartouche 
 
 J. TROTT in oval; 3 Trott ees in 
 
 oval 
 
 J:P 
 
 T.T in rectangle; T:T crowned in rec- 
 tangle 
 
 tWhere no mark is given, the maker used his name or initials. 
 
 {This may be the “Wilbert” Terry referred to by Ensko. Terry silver spoons, sraight sided, A 
 
 author's collection are plainly marked as above. The period is 178 . 
 
 New York Ciepak 
 _ Enfield, Conn. 
 
 : Brooklyn, N.Y. 
 
 LOCATIONS 
 
 Albany, N. Y. 
 
 New York City 
 Enfield, Conn. 
 
 Hingham, Mass. : ; 
 New Orleans, La. 
 Philadelphia 
 
 N ew York City 
 
 Trenton, i fo 9 a 
 Litchfield, Conn, ae 
 
 Philadelphia oe 
 
 New York City: 70 og 
 Boston, Mass sits 
 New York City a 
 Providence, R. I. _ 
 Hartford, Conn. 
 
 New York City * ek -( 
 
 Providence, R. I, 
 Newburyport, ye oe 
 Waterbury, Conn. — eile 
 Salem, Mass. — 
 Philadelphia - Pee 
 Norwich, Conn. tus - f s eee 
 
 New York fai. 
 
 Philadelphia 
 Pittsburgh, Paw BO 
 New Loney Conn, eee 
 
 sé “ 
 
 Boston, Mass! 
 New London, Conn, 
 
 Boston, Mass, oe 
 
ee 
 
 American Silversmiths and Their Marks 
 
 SILVERSMITHS 
 
 Trott & Brooks 
 Trott & Cleveland 
 ‘Truax, Henry R. 
 Trumbul, Richard 
 Tucker, Daniel 
 Tucker, John W. 
 
 Turner, James 
 
 Tuthill, Christopher | 
 
 Tuttle, Bethuel 
 Tuttle, William 
 Tyler, Andrew 
 Tyler, D. M. 
 Tyler, David 
 Tyler, George 
 
 Ubelin, Frederick 
 Ufford & Burdick 
 Underhill, Andrew 
 
 Underhill, Thomas 
 Underhill & Vernon 
 Underwood, John 
 
 Vail, Elijah 
 Vaissiere, Victor 
 Valet, Peter 
 Vallee, Antoine 
 Van Bergen, John 
 Van Beuren, Peter 
 
 MARKS 
 T & B in rectangle 
 
 T & C in oblong 
 
 H R T in rectangle 
 
 t 
 
 1.T in oval 
 
 A TYLER in oblong 
 D.M.TYLER in rectangle 
 
 D T in shield; D T in cartouche 
 G T in square 
 
 U & B in rectangle 
 
 A.U in oval; A UNDERHILL 1n rec- 
 tangle 
 
 T U in square 
 
 T.V in rectangle; I.V in cartouche 
 
 VB in monogram crowned in circle 
 
 Van Beuren, William ~ W.V.B in cartouche 
 
 Vanderbrugh, Cornelius 
 
 Vanderhan, J. I V (script) capitals in cartouche 
 Vanderspiegel 
 Vanderspiegel, Johannes S S 
 
 Van Dyke, Peter 
 
 Van Dyke, Richard 
 Van Horn, David 
 
 IV in cartouche; IV in trefoil; 
 IVS in rectangle; IVS in cartouche 
 P 
 
 P V D in oblong; V D in trefoil; 
 PV D in oval; P.V.D in oval 
 R V D in cartouche 
 
 Van Ness & Waterman V & W in oblong 
 
 Van Riper, Tunis 
 Van Veghten, Henry 
 Van Vleit, B. C. 
 Van Voorhis, Daniel 
 
 Van Voorhis & Coley 
 
 BVANVLEIT incised 
 
 D.V.VOORHIS in rectangle; bird in 
 diamond; D V VOORHIS in rec- 
 tangle; D V in rectangle with a bird 
 in a kite; D V in cartouche with bird 
 in kite 
 
 Van Voorhis & Schanck V V & S in rectangle with bird in kite 
 
 {Where no mark is given, the maker used his name or initials. 
 
 LOCATIONS 
 New London, Conn. 
 ae «ae 
 
 «ec 
 
 Albany, N. Y. 
 Boston, Mass. 
 Portland, Me. 
 New York City 
 Boston, Mass. 
 Philadelphia 
 
 New Haven, Conn. 
 “ec «¢ 
 
 «ae 
 
 Boston, Mass. 
 ae “é 
 
 Philadelphia 
 New Haven, Conn. 
 New York City 
 
 Philadelphia 
 
 Vrovz Na x. 
 
 New York City 
 4 «sé “ce 
 
 New Orleans, La. 
 
 Albany, N. Y. 
 New York City 
 
 as «¢ «e 
 
 Philadelphia 
 New York City 
 
 Philadelphia 
 New York City 
 
 Albany, N. Y. 
 Poughkeepsie, N. Y. 
 
 New York City 
 
 287 
 
 PERIOD 
 
 1798 
 1792 
 1815 
 1767 
 1781 
 1803 
 1744 
 1730 
 1802 
 1821 
 1715 
 1810 
 1781 
 1761 
 
 1773 
 1812 
 
 1780 
 1787 
 1787 
 1797 
 
 1836 
 1816 
 1787 
 1822 
 1813 
 1797 
 1790 
 1677 
 1740 
 1701 
 
 1687 
 
 1705 
 1750 
 1801 
 1835 
 1813 
 1760 
 1840 
 
 1779 
 1786 
 
 1791 
 
2388 
 SILVERSMITHS 
 
 Van Voorhis & Son 
 Varney, John 
 Veazie, Joseph 
 Vergereau, Peter 
 Vernon, J. & Co. 
 Vernon, John 
 
 Vernon, N. & Co. 
 Vernon, Nathaniel 
 Vernon, Samuel 
 
 Vernon & Park 
 Vilant, William 
 Villard, R. H. L. 
 Vincent, Richard 
 Vinton, David 
 
 Wachner, F. W. 
 Waddill, Noel 
 Waglin, Thomas 
 ‘Wagstaff, Thomas 
 Wait & Wright 
 Waldron, D. 
 Walker, George 
 Walker, Hannah 
 
 Walker, John, Jr. 
 Walker, W. & G. 
 Walker, William 
 Waller, John 
 Wallis, Thomas 
 Walton, Daniel 
 Walworth, Daniel 
 Ward, Ambrose 
 Ward, Bartholomew & 
 Brainard 
 Ward, Billious 
 
 Ward, James 
 
 Ward, John 
 Ward, John 
 Ward, Richard 
 Ward, Samuel L. 
 Ward, Timothy 
 ‘Ward, William 
 
 Ward, William 
 
 MARKS ~ 
 
 P V in cartouche; P.V in cartouche 
 
 I.V in oval; I V in oval; conventional 
 battle-ax and two other figures in 
 cartouche 
 
 N.VERNON & CO in serrated rec- 
 tangle 
 
 N.VERNON in rectangle; NV_ in 
 rectangle 
 
 S V a small device below, all in a 
 heart 
 
 W V, a swallow beneath, in heart 
 Villard in rectangle 
 
 D.V in rectangle 
 
 D WALDRON in oblong 
 
 G. WALKER in oblong 
 
 H WALKER in serrated oblong; 
 PHIA in oblong 
 
 W. WALKER in oblong 
 
 B.W in. shaped cartouche; BW in 
 cartouche; BW in oval 
 WARD and HARTFORD, each in 
 rectangle; JW in oval followed by 
 » HARTFORD as above 
 WARD 67 MARKET ST 
 
 W.W. in rei des ; W.Ward in a shaped 
 ene 
 
 {Where no mark is given, the maker used his name or initials... ‘.. 
 a soni 
 
 _ Baltimore, Md. 
 
 LOCATIONS — 
 
 New York City © 
 Philadelphia 
 Providence, R. I. 
 New York City — 
 
 Charleston, S. Ce ‘ i 18 
 
 “sc “ce 
 
 Newport, R. I. — 
 Pittsburgh, Pa. 
 Philadelphia _ 172 Lome 
 Georgetown, Dist. of Col. 1833 
 
 pages. set: I an 
 
 New York ca fereee. 
 Petersburg, Va. “ 
 Philadelphia 
 New York City 
 Philadelphia 
 New York City 
 Philadelphia 
 
 “ 
 ce 
 66 
 «“ 
 «ae 
 ct, 
 << a 
 Middletown, Conn. i’ 
 New Haven, Conn. eo 
 
 be 4 
 
 Hartford, Conn. a . 
 
 Guilford, Conn. . ; a, 
 
 Hartford, Conn. — : : 
 Philadelphia 
 
 . Boston, Mass. Stem 
 
 Middletown, Conn. : 4 op 
 
 Guilford, Chae ¢ ; je 
 Litchfield, Conn. oe 
 
sf 7 
 
 American Silversmiths and Their Marks 
 
 SILVERSMITHS MARKS 
 
 ‘Ward & Bartholomew WARD & BARTHOLOMEW in rec- 
 
 tangle; Ha in rectangle W & B 
 
 in rectangle 
 
 Ward & Cox T 
 
 Ward & Gavett 
 
 Ward & Hughes W & H in rectangle; 1846'in the apexes 
 of a diamond 
 
 Ward & Miller 
 
 Ward & Rich 
 
 ‘Wardin, Daniel 
 
 Warner, Andrew E. A E WARNER in serrated rectangle, 
 followed by 11 in rectangle; AE W in 
 cartouche 
 
 Warner, Andrew E. Jr.t 
 
 Warner, A. E.& T.H. T.&A.E.WARNER in rectangle; fol- 
 lowed by STERLING in rectangle 
 
 Warner, Caleb C.WARNER in rectangle and 
 i Aetey rae in a shaped rectangle 
 Warner, D. D.WARNER in wavy-lined rectangle 
 Warner, Joseph 
 Warner, Joseph J. Warner in rectangle 
 -- Warner, Samuel SW in rectangle 
 
 Warner, Thomas H. T.WARNER in rectanglet 
 
 - Warner & Fellows 
 
 Warren, Benjamin 
 
 Waters, Samuel S.WATERS in cartouche 
 Watkins, James 
 
 Watling, James 
 
 Watson, E. E. WATSON in rectangle; E:Watson 
 (script) in oblong 
 
 Watson, J. J. WATSON in rectangle 
 
 Watson & Brown WATSON & BROWN in rectangle 
 
 Watts, J. & W. 
 
 Watts, James 
 
 Watts, John W. 
 
 ‘Waynes, Richard 
 
 Weathers, Michael 
 
 .. Weaver, Emmor T. WEAVER (script) on ribbon 
 
 Webb, Barnebus 
 
 ‘Webb, Charles 
 _Webb, Robert 
 
 Webb, James 
 
 Webb & Boon 
 
 Webster, Henry L. H.L.WEBSTER in rectangle 
 Wedge, S. 
 
 Weeden, Peleg 
 
 Welles, A. & G. A & G WELLES in rectangie 
 Welles, Andrew 
 
 Welles, George I. WELLES; BOSTON; in rectangles 
 
 +Where no mark is given, the maker used his name or initials, 
 {See footnote under Kirk. 
 
 Bue wee F 
 
 LOCATIONS 
 
 Hartford, Conn. 
 
 ae “ce 
 
 Middletown, Conn. 
 
 Philadelphia 
 
 Boston, Mass. 
 
 Bridgeport, Conn. 
 
 Baltimore, Md. 
 «¢ «“ 
 
 Portsmouth, N. H. 
 
 Ipswich, Mass. 
 Philadelphia 
 
 Wilmington, Del. 
 
 Philadelphia 
 Baltimore, Md. 
 
 Portsmouth, N. H. 
 
 Philadelphia 
 
 New York City 
 Philadelphia 
 
 Boston, Mass. 
 Philadelphia 
 
 ce 
 
 ce 
 
 New York City 
 
 ‘Philadelphia 
 
 New York City 
 Philadelphia 
 Boston, Mass. 
 Philadelphia 
 
 Baltimore, Md. 
 Philadelphia 
 Providence, R. I. 
 Baltimore, Md. 
 
 289 
 
 PERIOD 
 
 1804 
 1811 
 1813 
 
 1805 
 1822 
 1830 
 1811 
 
 1811 
 1837 
 
 1805 
 
 1805 
 1810 
 1811 
 1768 
 1797 
 1805 
 1824 
 1809 
 1790 
 1819 
 
 1837 
 
 1821 
 1820 
 1820 
 1829 
 1835 
 1794 
 1750 
 1794 
 1808 
 1762 
 1738 
 1798 
 1817 
 1785 
 1831 
 1804 
 
 North Kingstown, R. I. 1803 
 
 Boston, Mass. 
 Hebron, Conn. 
 Boston, Mass. . 
 
 1804 
 1804 
 1804 
 
290 
 
 SILVERSMITHS 
 
 Welles & Co. 
 Welles, James M. 
 Wells, L. & C. 
 Wells, L. & H. 
 Wells, Lemuel 
 Wells, William 
 Wendover, John 
 Wenman, Barnard 
 
 West, Benjamin 
 West, Charles 
 
 West, Joseph 
 Weston, Benjamin 
 Westphal, Charles W. 
 Whartenby, John 
 Whartenby, Thomas 
 Whartenby & Bunn 
 
 Wheatley, Frederick G. 
 
 Wheaton, Calvin 
 White, Alfred — 
 White, Amos 
 
 White, Edward 
 White, George L. 
 White, Peregrine 
 White, Peter 
 White, Samuel 
 White, Silas 
 White, Stephen 
 White, William 
 White, William J. 
 White, William W. 
 Whiteman, Ira 
 Whiting, B. 
 Whiting, Charles 
 
 Whiting, S. 
 Whitlock, Thomas B. 
 Whitlock, William H. 
 Whitney, Amos 
 Whitney, E. 
 
 Whitney & Hoyt 
 Whiton, Ezra 
 Whittaker & Green 
 Whittemore, William 
 Wickham, Daniel H. 
 Willcox, Alvan 
 Willcox, Cyprian 
 Williams, Alexander 
 Williams, Charles M. 
 Williams, Deodat 
 
 American Silversmiths and Their Marks 
 
 MARKS 
 WELLES & CO. in rectangle 
 T 
 
 L W in rectangle 
 
 J.W in cartouche; J W in shield 
 
 B.WENMAN in rectangle; B W in 
 rectangle followed by N YORK in 
 rectangle 
 
 B.WEST in rectangle 
 
 C. WESTPHAL in rectangle 
 
 T.W in box; WHARTENBY in oblong 
 
 C. WHEATON in engrailed rectangle 
 
 A.WHITE in rectangle; WHITE in 
 rectangle 
 E:WHITE in rectangle 
 
 P. WHITE in rectangle 
 
 S. WHITE in rectangle 
 
 Wm. W. WHITE in rectangle 
 
 B:WHITING in rectangle 
 C W in cartouche; WHITING in rec- 
 tangle 
 
 Whitlock (script) in oblong 
 Wm. H. WHITLOCK in rectangle 
 
 E. WHITNEY in rectangle; WHIT- 
 _ NEY in an oblong 
 
 WHITNEY & HOYT in rectangle 
 
 E.WHITON (script) in oval cartouche 
 
 Whittemore in oblong 
 _ New York City & 
 
 {Where no mark is given, the maker used his name or initials. 
 
 New York City — 
 
 LOCATIONS — 
 Boston, Mass. a 
 New York vert 
 
 “<< “ee 46 
 
 Hartford, Conn. ES oe 
 New York City 
 
 Boston, Mass. oe 
 
 RA) 
 
 Philadelphia | 
 
 New York City st 
 Providence, R. I. 
 Boston, Mass. — 
 
 East Hadden, Conn. ~ 
 Ulster Co... Ni Xen 
 Cincinnati, Ohio — 
 Woodstock, Conn. 
 Norwalk, Conn. 
 New York wks 
 
 “ce oe. hid 
 ° 4 ; 
 
 Philadelphia 
 
 4 te 
 
 «“ ; a rot i tac ae ve 
 2 ' ; f 
 
 Norwich, Conns< 
 
 New York iy 
 
 ale pati : 
 
 Boston, Migs eo ae 2% 
 Providence, R. ie ; 
 Portsmouth, N. H 
 
 New ae = te 
 Philadelphia _ | 
 New York Citians ave 
 Hartford, Cone ie 
 
Pee PENA ee 
 
 oe 
 
 American Silversmiths and Their Marks 
 
 SILVERSMITHS 
 
 Williams, John 
 Williams, Samuel 
 Williams, Stephen 
 Williams, W. A. 
 Williams, W. W. 
 Williamson, Samuel 
 
 Willig, George 
 Willis, J. 
 
 Willis, Stilman 
 Wills, Henry 
 Wilmot, Samuel 
 
 Wilmot, T. T. 
 Wilmot & Stilliman 
 Wilson, Albert 
 Wilson, Hosea 
 
 Wilson, James 
 Wilson, John 
 Wilson, R. & W. 
 
 Wilson, Robert 
 Wilson, S. 
 Wilson, S. & S. 
 
 Wilson, Thomas 
 Wilson, William 
 
 Wiltberger, Christian 
 
 Wiltberger & Alexander 
 
 Winslow, Edward 
 
 Winsor, William 
 Wishart, Alexander 
 Wishart, Daniel 
 Wishart, Hugh 
 
 Wishart, William 
 Wolf, Francis H. 
 Wolf, James G. 
 Wolfe & Wriggins 
 Wood, Benjamin B. 
 Woodcock, Bancroft 
 
 Woodruff, Enos 
 Woodruff & White 
 
 Woods, Freeman 
 
 Woodward, Antipas 
 
 MARKS 
 
 W. A. WILLIAMS in rectangle 
 
 S.W in rectangle; S W in oval; WIL- 
 LIAMSON in rectangle 
 
 S. WILLIS in oblong 
 
 WILMOT in engrailed 
 
 S. WILMOT in rectangle 
 T. T. Wilmot in rectangle 
 
 rectangle; 
 
 H.WILSON in rectangle 
 
 R & W W in rectangle; R & W WIL- 
 SON rectangle 
 R.W in an oval 
 
 S & Wilson in engrailed rectangle; and 
 S & Wilson, with S reversed in en- 
 grailed rectangle 
 
 CWiltberger, (script) in a shaped car- 
 
 touche 
 
 © W, a trefoil (?) below all in a car- 
 touche; E W in rectangle; E W in a 
 double circle 
 
 H.WISHART in rectangle; WISHART 
 
 in an oblong 
 
 WOLFE & WRIGGINS in oblong 
 B.WOOD in oval cartouche 
 S W in oval; .WOODCOCK in long 
 
 oval 
 
 Woods (script) in shaped cartouche 
 F.W. (script) in cartouche 
 
 A W in rectangle; Woodward in rec- 
 tangle 
 
 tWhere no mark is given, the maker used his name or initials. 
 
 LOCATIONS 
 
 Philadelphia 
 Providence, R. I. 
 Washington, D. C. 
 Philadelphia 
 Boston, Mass. 
 
 New York City 
 
 New Haven, Conn. 
 46 
 
 “cc «ec 
 
 Troy, N. Y. 
 Philadelphia 
 Baltimore, Md. 
 Trenton, N. J. 
 Philadelphia 
 
 «é 
 
 New York City 
 Philadelphia 
 
 Boston, Mass. 
 6¢ as 
 
 New York City 
 
 Philadelphia 
 
 New York City 
 
 Wilmington, Del. 
 Cincinnati, Ohio 
 
 New York City 
 
 Middletown, Conn. 
 
 291 
 
 PERIOD 
 
 1793 
 1796 
 F799 
 1829 
 
 1829 
 
 1794 
 1819 
 1820 
 1823 
 1774 
 
 1798 
 1810 
 1800 
 1834 
 1812 
 181g 
 1769 
 1770 
 
 1825 
 1805 
 1805 
 
 1805 
 
 1837 
 1829 
 
 793 
 Fao, 
 
 1702 
 1759 
 1808 
 1825 
 
 1784 
 1800 
 1829 
 1831 
 1837 
 1805 
 
 1754 
 1820 
 1829 
 
 17gI 
 
 1791 
 
292 py Da Silbcrionne uae. Their M a 
 
 SILVERSMITHS _ MARKS — 
 
 Woodward, Charles T 
 Woodward, Eli 
 Wool, Jeremiah W. 
 Wriggin & Co. 
 Wriggins, Thomas 
 Wright, Alexander ? lan 
 Wright, John F. Philadelphia ia 
 Wyatt, Joseph . BY a 
 Wyer, Eleazer, Jr. E. WYER in rectangle — Boston, Mass. ta 
 Wyer & Farley WYER & FARLEY in oblong Portland, Me. 
 Wyer & Noble ee SC Oe Oates 
 > Wynkoop, Benjamin W K ina heart 
 | B 
 
 ie Wynkoop, Cornelis a5) 
 < Wynkoop, Jacobus 
 
 bine . Yeomans, Elijah 
 es: 3 Yettons, Randell 
 
 Young, Alexander A. YOUNG in rectangle 
 Young, Ebenezer 
 
 Young, Levi 
 
 Young, William 
 
 te 
 
 - 
 we 
 
 ae 
 
 tWhere no mark is given, the maker used his name or initials. 
 
GHAR Re Xexr V 
 Old French Silver 
 
 4 4+ EFORE the Roman invasion workers in the precious 
 he B % metals were scattered throughout Gaul. Their work was 
 % « < coarse and heavy. Pliny tells us that horse trappings, 
 and even ox yokes, were decorated with silver by the inhabitants 
 of Alise in Burgundy. 
 
 Ceesar had many Italian silversmiths in his invading army and 
 their influence was immediate and widespread. In a short while 
 the Gallic artisans outstripped their teachers and, in the time of 
 Constantine, Byzantium drew her gold and silver ornaments, 1n- 
 cluding the enamels of Limoges, from France. 
 
 St. Eloi (588-659) was a brilliant silversmith before he entered 
 the priesthood. He was made a bishop when he was appointed — 
 master of the mint (maitre de monnaie royale) in the reign of 
 Dagobert, an office he continued to fill under Clovis II. St. Eloi 
 gave a great impetus to the art in France, where he now gives his 
 name to the guild of gold and silversmiths, whose patron saint he 
 is. He organized the first body of workers in gold and silver com- 
 posed of masters, companions, and apprentices, and secured for it 
 State recognition as a law-making body. 
 
 That St. Eloi was a layman silversmith before he was a priest is 
 itself remarkable. At that period the art of silversmithing was 
 practised only by the priesthood and St. Eloi restricted his associ- 
 ates to men in holy orders. Not until the commencement of the 
 Twelfth Century was the craft wholly secularized in France. 
 
 The origin of impressing the maker’s mark by means of a punch 
 
 293 
 
294 Old French Silver 
 
 upon a piece of silver is unknown, but up to the close of the Thir- 
 teenth Century that mark was the only guarantee for which the 
 purchaser could look. 
 
 In 1275 a law was enacted requiring the smith to stamp his 
 work with the mark of the town in which he worked. 
 
 The first “punch of guarantee” followed the congress of Pon- 
 toise, convened in 1313 by Philip le Bel. It was a fleur-de-lis ina 
 lozenge. 
 
 In 1416 the date letter was introduced. A letter of the alphabet, 
 
 crowned. It changed each year. 1461: A; 1462: B taking all the - 
 
 letters except J, U, and W. 
 
 Up to 1621 the letters employed were small Gothic capitals. 
 After that date large Roman capitals were used. The duties pay- 
 able to the state were constantly increased; their collection, how- 
 ever, was unsatisfactory until Louis XII created the office of 
 “Farmer of the Revenue” (or “Farmer-general’’). These farmers 
 
 had to impose their punch upon all pieces of proper alloy upon 
 
 which the duty had been paid. 
 This system was perfected by Louis XIV. 
 
 There were then four marks or punches for each piece of silver: 
 
 1. The mark of the silversmith. 
 
 2. The mark of the Guild, warranting the standaeg 
 3. The mark of the Farmer-general. 
 
 4. The mark of discharge of the Farmer-general. 
 
 The procedure was as follows: 
 
 The silversmith placed his mark upon a sheet of silver and sent 
 it to the “‘Maison Commune,” where the mark of the Guild was 
 impressed after the standard had been verified. This punch, 
 called the “‘countermark,”’ was impressed as close as possible to 
 that of the maker, who had chosen a location for his mark that 
 would bring it when completed as near as possible to the centre 
 
 SS eS - 4 
 Soy ee ie. : P 
 for >. 7 7 
 OF Toda 3 0 4 : 
 ee. hal heh) et a > eee SS etm ot vr 
 
Old French Silver 295 
 
 of the bottom of the piece and on the under side. It was then 
 taken to the Farmer-general, and he, or his representative, placed 
 the “charge” mark as near as possible to the other two. The 
 piece was then carried away and finished, the workman taking 
 care not to obliterate the marks. If the bottom of the piece was 
 “belled’” out the marks would be deformed but not effaced. 
 
 After the work was completed it was again taken to the 
 Farmer-general who placed upon it his little “punch of dis- 
 charge,” after having collected the tax computed upon its weight. 
 This mark, unlike the others, was placed upon the edge or rim of 
 the piece. The piece was now ready for the market. 
 
 Until 1784 the.date letter was the same for all of France. That 
 system was then superseded by one that gave to each town a 
 distinctive letter and provided for the use of date latters by all 
 of them but Paris. That was allotted a crowned P with the date 
 between the crown and the P. 1785 would be represented by the 
 figures 85. They are so minute that they escape notice unless one 
 exercises care or possesses extraordinary acuity of vision. 
 
 The marks of charge and discharge were employed until the 
 law of April, 1791, abolished all the taxes on silver. The law 
 November, 1797, re-imposed the duty but it was levied with the 
 imposition of the first stamp, which denotes both the standard 
 and the payment of the duty. 
 
 There are two other marks besides those mentioned above that 
 find a place in the law of November 19, 1797: 
 
 1. The punch de hasard. 
 
 2. The punch variously called recense, verification, and recogni- 
 tion. , 
 
 The punch de hasard was applied to ancient pieces that for 
 some reason (age would be one) had not been marked. 
 
 The recense mark was a confirmatory mark which testified to 
 the genuineness of the stamps already upon the piece and the 
 
206 Old French esis : 
 
 The ordinance of Louis Philippe (April, 1838), which ee the 
 recense, was a precautionary device against counterfeiting and was. 
 employed under some secret system. There were a hundred and 
 thirty-eight of these devices used. They were struck on a digorne a 
 anvil in the manner I have described elsewhere. With the head of e 
 Minerva we frequently find as an assay mark the head of a 
 woman, in full face with neck exposed; she looks to the right and | 
 there is a letter P at the left side of the neck. The P is the Paris 
 mark. Boivin says that there is a variation of this mark with a 
 figure 1 (denoting the higher standard) replacing the P. He is. 
 clearly in error. Apart from the fact that I have never seen such’ 
 a mark, we know that the assay mark never, of itself, indicated 
 the standard. It only guaranteed that the silver was of the quality. 
 represented by the standard mark. In other words, the woman’s 
 head just described would be the same on a piece bearing” the 
 Minerva head with the figure 1 as it would be « ona Piece bearing a 
 
CHAPTER XV 
 Marks on Paris Plate 
 
 DATE LETTERS 
 
 a 1461 x 1504 s 1546 p 1589 M 1632 
 b 1462 y 1505 t 1547 q 1590 N 1634 
 c 1463 z 1506 vy: 1548 r 1591 O 1635 
 d = 1464 a: 1507 x 1549 s 1592 P 1636 
 e 1465 be. 1507 y 1550 t 1593 Q 1637 
 f 1466 c 1508 z 1551 vs -1594 R 1638 
 g «1467 d 1509 a 1552 x 1595 S 1639 
 h 1468 e 1510 b =: 1553 x 1596 T 1640 
 i 1469 f 1511 ce 1554 z 1597 Vv 1641 
 k 1470 g 1512 d 1555 a 1598 X 1642 
 1 1471 h 1513 e 1556 b 1599 Y 1643 
 m 1472 i 1514 $27 £51557 c 1600 Z 1644 
 n 1473 lease 1815 g 1558 d 1601 A 1645 
 o 1474 1 1516 h 1559 e 1602 B 1646 
 p _‘:1475 m 1517 i 1560 f 1603 C 1648 
 q 1476 n 1518 k 1561 g 1604 D 1649 
 r ‘1477 o =: 1519 l 1562 h 1605 E 1650 
 s 1478 p 1520 m 1563 i 1606 F 1651 
 t 1479 q 1521 n 1564 k 1607 G 1652 
 vy: 1480 r 1522 o —-:1565 1 1608 H 1653 
 x  148t s 1523 p 1566 m 1609 1: 1654 
 y 1482 t 1524 q 1567 n 1610 K 1655 
 z 1483 yo 1525 r 1568 o. = 1611 L 1656 
 a 1484 x 1526 s 1569 p 1612 M1657 
 b =: 1485 yo? 1527 t 1570 q 1613 N 1658 
 c 1486 z 1528 vy 1574 r 1614 O 1659 
 d= 1487 a. $529 x). 1572 s 1615 P 1660 
 e 1488 b = 1530 yo 1573 t 1616 Q 1661 
 f 1489 a eT z 1574 vy -:1617 R 1662 
 g 1490 dee 1532 pp yk x 1618 S 1663 
 h 1491 e 1533 b 1576 y 1619 T 1664 
 is: 1492 f 1534 eae LY z 1620 Vs 1665 
 k 1493 g 1535 d 1578 A 1621 X 1666 
 1 1494 h =: 1536 e 1579 B 1622 Y 1667 
 m 1495 i 1537 f 1580 GC: 1623 Z 1668 
 n 1496 k 1538 g 1581 D 1624 A 1669 
 o —«- 1497 1 1539 h 1582 E 1625 B 1670 
 p 1498 m 1540 i 1583 F 1626 Cc 1671 
 q 1499 n 1541 k 1584 G 1627 D 1672 
 r 1500 0 1542 1 1585 H = 1628 | 
 
 gi. 1504 p 1543 m 1586 I 1629 19 
 
 t 1502 q 1544 n 1587 K 1630 exp 
 
 vy 1503 r 1545 o —- 1588 L 1631 
 
 297 
 
SO Soe SS 
 
 = 
 
 1680 
 1680 
 1681 
 
 1684 
 1685 
 
 Marks on Paris Plate — 
 
 VINCENT FORTIER (Louis xrv) 
 1672 — 1680 
 
 PAUL BRION pe SAUSSOY (Louis xiv) _ 
 1680 — 1684 
 
 ‘ETIENNE RIDEREAU (Louis x1v) 
 
 1684 — 1687 
 ee ® © 
 \~—/ * 
 
 JACQUES LEGER (Louis x1v) 
 1687 — 1691 
 
 a © 
 
Marks on Paris Plate 299 
 
 PIERRE POINTEAU (Louts xrtv). 
 
 1691 — 1698 
 xX 1691 B 1695 
 x 1692 SN E c 1696 
 Z 1693 D 1697 
 A 1694 E 1698 
 
 PERRINE (Louis xrv). 
 
 1698 — 1703 
 E 1698 ) H ‘1701 
 F 1699 I 1702 
 
 ie ey @ K 1703 
 
 Ew 
 ETIENNE BALIGNY (Louis xrv). 
 
 1703 — 1713 
 K 1703 Q 1709 
 L 1704 R 1710 
 M 1705 Cy Ss 1711 
 N 1706 T 1712 
 O 1707 Vv 1713 
 4 1708 
 
 FLORENT SOLLIER. 
 
 1713 — 1717 
 (Louis xiv). (REGENCE). 
 Vv 1713 Z 1716 
 
 be & & A 1717 
 
 Y 1715 
 
ae es Me asc be Ae ONS ee, Caen a? re Fae pa Be 
 : ween hb Ct an hss Ca ne 
 r; i - ; , 7 , ia 
 <1 J a Saad Dede ns aa aa ae 
 
 300 Marks on Paris Plate ji 
 
 > 
 
 ETIENNE pe BOURGES (RécENcE). 
 1717 — 1722 
 
 A 1717 
 
 B 1718 , me iS w | a 
 re 1719 7 
 
 CHARLES CORDIER. 
 1722 — 1726 
 
 (REGENCE). 7 | 
 F 1722 a ea €23 
 
 JACQUES COTTIN (Louis xv). 
 geen 1726 — 1732 
 1726 te" 
 
 rer 
 
 1727 
 
 1728 ae : @ oe 
 
 1729 
 
 HUBERT LOUVET (Louis xv). 
 ‘ 1732 — 1738 
 
 1732 Beat ieee 
 1733 F : - , : oe | is 
 mo @ & @ ©) 
 
 owt 
 
 1735 | . | See 
 
 “a 2 
 
Marks on Paris Plate 301 
 
 ROBIN (Louris xv). 
 1738 — 1744 
 
 A 1740 
 ee 1738 
 Bs S B 1742 
 | Cc 4743 
 i 
 D 1744 
 ANTOINE L’ECHAUDEL (Louis xv) 
 2 1744 — 1750 
 eD 1744 
 E 1745 1748 
 Be a a | 
 1749 
 G.. 1747 = 1750 
 
 JULIEN BERTHE (Louis xv). 
 1750 — 1756 
 
 1750 G 1754 
 VANy 
 
 = vay ep B P 1755 
 ie 1752 2 th 
 
 1756 
 
 N 1753 
 
 ELOI BRICHARD (Louis xv). 
 1756 — 1762 
 
 1756 . Vv 1760 
 x 1761 
 
 1757 
 a fA iy ys 1762 
 
 * 1759 
 
Ch 25 SA 
 
 JEAN-JACQUES PREVOST (Louis xv ). 
 1762 — 1768 
 
 1762 
 
 ” 
 4 
 
 e 
 
 1763 oN | oy 
 Eee 2 8 
 
 “ 
 D> ¢ 
 ie : 
 PPane ‘pat! 
 r a mat me 
 
 JULIEN ALATERRE (Louis xv), “ 
 1768 — 1774 ists 
 
 J.-B. FOUACHE (Lours xv1). . | Seen 
 Benpeetiork | ce 1774 — 1780 eo 
 
 1774 ‘ 
 
Marks on Paris Plate 303 
 
 HENRI CLAVEL (Louis xvi). 
 1780 — 1789 
 
 1780 1784 
 
 1781 17&5 
 
 1786 
 
 i 1782 
 C= 
 
 1787 
 
 1788 
 
 KALANDRIN (Louris xv1). 
 
 1788 & : @) C4 1789 
 
 DIsTINCTION Paris. DEPARTMENTS. 
 
 The Decree of 9 November, 1797, also 
 provided for the verification of pieces of 
 _ silver of foreign or of undetermined origin; 
 
 in the latter case the pieces were termed 
 de hasard, and the mark is so designated. 
 
 f FOREIGN. 
 ye mes ned ned 
 mM 
 5B 
 aah 
 
 = 
 
304 Marks on Paris Plate 
 
 TABLE OF PUNCHES, 
 Made in execution of the Decree of the rrth. Prairial, An XI. 
 
 (31st May 1803). 
 
 DisTINeéTION. Paris, DEPARTMENTS. | DISTINCTION. Paris. DEPARTMENTS. 
 
 GOLD STANDARDS. 
 
 Medium. 
 
 _ VERIFICATION. 
 
 a 
 a 
 oI 
 < 
 f=) 
 a 
 < 
 & 
 M 
 io-4 
 & 
 > 
 rT. 
 — 
 mM 
 
 FOREIGN. 
 
 - At this epoch there were two small assa 
 marks for gold: the first for articles wit 
 garniture; the other without. 
 
 GoLp AssAy Marks. 
 
 Note.—The use of these punches ceased on the 16th of August 1819. The same day 
 they were replaced by those of the Standard and Assay drawn in the following tables. The 
 punches of the Ingots and the Argué were not reneved. 
 
 Note.—The above table is according to Markham & Chaffers. 
 
 Tas 
 a a - 
 
Marks on Paris Plate 305 
 
 DECREE OF 9TH NOVEMBER, 1797. 
 
 Higher standard mark for silver (.950). 
 The numeral is also found on the left side 
 of the cock. 
 
 Lower standard mark 
 for silver (.800). 
 
 - The assay office 
 Peask for large pieces 
 of silver; sometimes 
 the figures are in- 
 
 verted. 
 
 Assay office mark for small pieces 
 of silver. 
 
 Confintation Agee mark of the 
 assay office on pieces of silver made dur- 
 ing the period current with the time of 
 stamping. Modern pieces. 
 
 Confirmation mark for old 
 =A pieces of silver. 
 
 DECREE OF IST SEPTEMBER, 1809 
 
 Higher standard mark for silver. 
 
 | Assay office marks 
 for large pieces of 
 silver. 
 
 Assay oiice mark for small 
 pieces of silver. 
 
 _Recense marks of the 
 assay office. 
 
 This, head often appears 
 on silver marked with the 
 head of Minerva. See table 
 of marks under the Decree 
 of 1835. 
 
 Note.—The above marks are according to Boivin. 
 
 It seems that the recense mark was originally designed to settle the question of authen- 
 ticity. It was affirmative. In England the procedure was different. There was no confir- 
 mation, but, if the marks were forged, or fraudulent (i.e. substituted) they would be erased. 
 At a later period the Paris Assay Office used the recense mark to check frauds upon the 
 revenue and compelled all silversmiths to re-submit their marked wares so that this mark 
 
 might be applied to those found genuine. 
 
306 Marks on Paris Plate 
 
 TABLE OF PUNCHES, 
 
 Made in execution of the Royal Ordinance of 22nd October 1817. 
 
 —_— 
 
 DEPARTMENTS, DISTINCTION, PakIs. DEPARTMENTS. 
 
 S 
 
 < 
 
 mn 
 
 DQ 
 
 ma ee 
 
 fa 
 
 >. P None for the 
 5 Medium. Departments. 
 
 . | See the Table 
 Small. Be of Divisional 
 Punches. 
 
 q | Large 
 7 | 
 =) 
 a 
 : | 
 = See the Table 
 ey Small of Divisional 
 2 Punches, 
 =I 
 3 
 
 | Large 
 
 | 
 
 O 
 ; eB 
 > | © | 
 < = 
 < Small 
 a 
 5 | 
 ia} See the l 
 
 Divisional 
 
 Punches. | 
 
 . REMARKS.—1. In the figure of the Jarge punch of Assay of gold and silver, and of Verifica- 
 tion, is engraved the numVer of the Department as shown in the list of Assay Offices. 2. The’ 
 
 numeral indicative of each standard is engraved in the figure of the punches which serve to 
 standard the works of gold and silver. 
 
 Note.—The above table is according to Markham & Chaffers. 
 
——— 
 
 Marks on Paris Plate 307 
 
 TABLE OF STAMPS 
 
 Of STanDarD and Assay, and of VERIFICATION of Gold and Silvery Works, for 
 
 Paris and the DEPARTMENTS, as directed by the Act of 30th June 1835. 
 Stamp for Foreign Wares. 
 
 Heap OF A GREFK PHYSICIAN. HEAD OF AN EAGLE. A WEEVIL (Small). 
 Gold. Standard No.1. 0.920. Gold Assay Mark. Guarantee of Standard. 
 Foreign Gold and Silver. 
 
 PARIS. 
 PARIS AND DEPARTMENTS. 
 HEAD OF A HORSE. D between the legs. 
 PARIS AND DEPARTMENTS, Gold Assay Mark. 
 
 D under the chin. A CHIMERA (Large). 
 ; Silver. Watches imported. 
 HEAD OF A GREEK PHYSICIAN. 
 
 Gold. Standard No. Z. 0.840. 
 
 DEPARTMENTS. 
 D on the cheek. 
 
 HEAD OF A WILD BOAR. 
 Silver Assay Mark. 
 
 PARIS AND DEPARTMENTS. 
 D behind the neck. 
 
 HFAD OF A GREEK PHYSICIAN. 
 Gold. Standard No.3. 0.750. 
 
 PARIS AND DEPARTMENTS. 
 D between the wings and back. 
 
 A CHIMERA (Small). 
 Gold. Watches imported. 
 
 Paris AND DEPARTMENTS. 
 D behind the neck. DEPARTMENTS. 
 D between the claws. 
 
 ._ HEAD OF MINERVA. PARIS AND DEPARTMENTS. 
 
 Silver. Standard No.1. 0.950. 
 
 HEAD OF spianyuinery aa D between the wings and back. 
 Re-mark or mark of repetition for 
 Gold Chains. HEAD OF A GIRAFFE. 
 
 Gold and Silver. 
 Stamp of Verification. 
 
 FA ee ts PARIS AND DEPARTMENTS. 
 : | D between the horn and forehead. 
 HEAD OF MINERVA. | 
 
 PARIS AND DEPARTMENTS. 
 D below the lower jaw. 
 
 Silver. Standard No.2. 0.800. A WEEVIL (Large). 
 Guarantee of Standard HFAD OF A BULLDOG. 
 Forcign Gold and Silver. Gold and Silver, 
 
 Stamp of Verification. 
 
 ’ 
 PaRIs AND DEPARTMEN'rs. PaRIS AND DEPARTMENTS, Panis AND DEPARTMENTS. 
 _... ... D. before the forehead. E .. D between the legs. D on the collar. 
 
 Note.—The above table is according to Markham and Chaffers. The dotted lines indicate the Paris punches. 
 
CHAPTER XXVI 
 
 Marks on French Provincial Plate 
 
 AIX 
 
 Punchof Punch of 
 
 Charge Discharge Ad 
 
 1774-1780 
 (Large articles) 
 
 1774-1780 
 (Small articles) 
 
 1780-1789 
 (Large articles) 
 
 1780-1789 
 (Small articles) 
 
 The above were state stamps; the 
 stamps of the guild which guaranteed the 
 standard (.958) during the above periods 
 was a single extended wing, the top point- 
 ing to right. 
 
 ALENCON AND CAEN 
 
 Punchof Punch of 
 
 Discharge ieee 
 
 1774-1780 
 (Large articles) 
 
 1774-1780 
 (Small articles) 
 
 1780-1789 
 (Large articles) 
 
 1780-1789 
 (Small articles) 
 
 The guild mark during the above 
 periods was a potato bug viewed from 
 above. 
 
 AMIENS AND SOISSONS 
 
 Punchof Punch of 
 
 Charge Discharge Period 
 
 1774-1780 
 (Large articles) 
 
 1774-1780 
 (Small articles) 
 
 1780-1789 
 (Large articles) 
 
 1780-1789 
 (Small articles) 
 
 The guild mark (punch of guaranty) 
 for Amiens 1784-1789 was a crossbow 
 ready for discharge. After May 1, 1838, a 
 <ix-pointed star was used for Amiens 
 silver. 
 
 ARRAS 
 
 Guild Mark Period 
 at 
 
 => 1th Century 
 
 o@ Phase: 
 
 16th Century 
 
 A chair was the guild mark for 1784- 
 1789. 
 
 i 
 ae 
 > ve 
 
Marks on French Provincial Plate 309 
 
 BAYONNE BORDEAUX 
 Guild Mark Period Punchof Punch of 
 : Charge Discharge Period 
 IL? ee 
 16g0 1774-1780 
 @ (Large articles) 
 ®) 1774-1780 
 Punakor § (Small articles) 
 Charge 
 0 1774-1780 
 (Large articles) 
 : gy ae 
 WN J 17700-1709 
 FAN (Large articles) 
 
 1774-1780 
 (Small articles) 
 
 A bird cage was the guild mark for ee 
 1774-1780. A footprint was the discharge 8 ro) 1780-1789 
 
 mark for small articles. (Small articles) 
 
 BESANCON BOURGES 
 
 Guild Mark Period Punchof Punch of 
 Charge Discharge 
 
 ay 
 774-1780 
 1430 9 feed articles) 
 
 Period 
 
 3 774-1780 
 
 (Small articles) 
 
 (Large articles) 
 
 1780-1789 
 G3 G (Small articles) 
 
 Early 16th Century 
 
 17th Century 
 
 The guild mark for 1774-1780 for small 
 articles (.843) was the head of an ape. 
 For large articles, 1774-1791, a bell de- 
 noted the higher standard (.958). 
 
 R 15th Century 
 <b 1780-1789 
 
9 age AA ame ean oh jes 
 Der eee ae Miata 3c 
 at Behe sek oS yo : 
 ? 7 iy ™ 
 310 Marks on French Provincial Plate 
 
 CH 1LONS-SUR-MARNE 
 
 Punchof Punch of 
 Charge Discharge 
 
 1774-1780 
 
 (Large articles) 
 
 1774-1780 
 Bg ° 
 
 Period 
 
 (Small articles of 
 lower standard. A 
 hand for the higher 
 standard.) 
 
 1780-1789 
 C* (Large articles) 
 
 1780-1789 
 (Small articles) 
 
 DIJON 
 
 Punchof Punch of 
 Charge Discharge 
 
 dy 
 } 1) 1774-1780 
 jee (/) (Large articles) 
 
 1774-1780 
 Dp 2 (Small articles) 
 
 Period 
 
 Cay 
 \>) S 1780-1789 
 bt (Large articles) 
 
 C7") 1780-1789 
 J a, 
 
 (Small articles) 
 
 GRENOBLE 
 Punchof Punchof aa 
 
 Charge Discharge P eriod “a 
 
 1774-1780 
 gS (Large articles) _ 
 
 Weta 
 (Small articles) — 
 
 1780-1789 ae 
 (Large articles) 
 
 ¢ 
 
 a piowiee i 
 ? (Small articles) 
 
 LA ROCHELLE 
 Punchof Punch of | 
 Charge Discharge 
 
 En ae - te ‘ 
 G 1774-1780 
 
 Period 
 
Punchof Punch of 
 
 @ 
 
 x 
 
 fj 
 
 Punchof Punch of 
 
 Charge 
 
 Ky 
 
 B 
 
 Marks on French Provincial Plate 
 
 LIMOGES 
 Discharge ee 
 1774-1780 
 => 1774-1780 
 1780-1789 
 © _ 1780-1789 
 LYON 
 
 Discharge Missed 
 &S 1774-1780 
 & = -:1774-1780 
 1780-1789 
 
 p) 1780-1789 
 
 MARSEILLES 
 Guild Mark Period 
 1760 
 1780 
 MONTPELLIER 
 Guild Mark . Period 
 
 MOP 
 oh 
 
 Cripps 
 
 OS 
 
 14th Century 
 
 15th Century 
 
 18th Century 
 
 1774-1780 
 
 1774-1780 
 
 1780-1789 
 
 1780-1789 
 
 RTT 
 
310 Marks on French Provincial Plate — 
 
 MOULINS AND ORLEANS 
 Punchof Punch of 
 
 Charge Discharge 
 
 ix oO 
 
 @ res 
 2 
 
 GB © 
 
 Period 
 
 1774-1780 
 
 1774-1780 
 
 1780-1789 
 
 1780-1789 
 
 Charge 
 
 (3) 
 
 POITIERS 
 
 Punchof Punch of 
 
 Charge Discharge 
 
 @& 
 B® « 
 Ca 
 
 Period 
 
 1774-1780 
 
 1774-1780 
 
 1780-1789, 
 
 1780-1789 
 
 Charge 
 
 RENNES 
 Punchof Punch of 
 
 Discharge 
 
 Paane - 
 
 BW ae 1780-1789 ‘e 
 
 1774-1780 
 
 Se ae 
 
 . oN 1 
 4s 
 ae 
 poe. 
 
 it 
 
 174-1780 
 
 ry8o-1789 
 
 - RIOM ae 
 
 Punchof Punchof toh 
 Discharge 
 
 w 
 
 Baal’ 
 
 Period 
 771780 
 
 Pe 
 
Marks on French Provincial Plate 313 
 
 ROUEN ST. GERMAIN 
 : Punchof Punch of 
 
 Period Charge Discharge Period 
 
 2) 1780-1789 
 a S (Large articles) 
 
 ar ‘1780-1789 
 1408 & (Small articles) 
 
 SOISSONS 
 Period 
 
 circa 1715 
 
 16th Century TOULOUSE 
 Period 
 Punch of 18th (?) Century 
 Discharge 
 
 gy is | 
 3 1774-1780 
 TOULOUSE AND MONTAUBAN 
 
 Punch of Punch of 
 R ® 1774-1780 
 
 Charge Discharge Period 
 
 > 1774-1780 
 
 Fe) 1774-1780 
 
 vi 
 @B 
 Con 
 Ome ee 
 mor. | & 
 
 1780-1789 
 
 =D 1780-1789 
 
Yt 
 
 ‘Le 
 
 > 
 yy 
 
 ee 
 
 a 
 
 Punchof Punch of 
 
 ah inet 
 45 i 
 : + 
 Pri Geet oe ie ru 
 e EA Sa bee oP dhe ay, 
 { i i by ( 
 ¥ i ae » 
 ee are 
 
 TOURS 
 
 Charge Discharge 
 
 ‘5 0 1774-1780 
 
 =) 1774-1780 
 
 Fe 1780-1789 
 
 Marks on French Provincial 
 
 Peri 
 
 marge valk sce it 
 
 Punches 
 
 Two large Roman 
 “L”s one reversed; 
 oak leaves inter- 
 twined, surmounted 
 by a crown, all in a 
 shaped cartouche ~ 
 
 P. L. in ornamented 
 script capitals in 
 monogram, all in a (8 
 shaped cartouche 
 
CHAPTER XXVII 
 
 Marks on German Plate 
 
 AIX-LA-CHAPELLE 
 
 Inspection 
 P Piod 
 
 15th and 16th Century 
 
 1$th and 16th Century 
 
 16th Century 
 
 16th Century 
 
 1573-1624 and later 
 
 Aachenes 
 
 1705 
 170§ 
 M 
 ACH at} 
 
 1808 
 (The G may be a 
 
 warden’s mark.) 
 
 AA Chi E N Second Half of the 
 AACHEN 19th Century 
 
 315 
 
 ALTENBURG 
 I. ti 
 
 ha a Period 
 Q » 
 
 17th-18th Century 
 
 The numerals 12, 13, 14, appearing 
 with German marks on silver indicate the 
 number of sixteenths of pure silver con- 
 tained in the article, 12 being equivalent 
 to .750 fine; 13, .8125, etc. 
 
 In modern times the standard of the 
 German Empire has been .800. Goods 
 destined for abroad are made of higher 
 standards and are appropriately marked: 
 925 “Sterling,” .g0, etc. 
 
316 Marks on German Plate 
 ALTONA AUGSBURG 
 Inspection ' I ti : Inspection : 
 Mark Period < oo ” Period Pm A Period 
 
 1703 
 
 1748 
 
 ty 
 oy 
 @ 
 
 1782 
 
 1797 
 
 Middle of the 19th 
 Century 
 
 ANSBACH 
 
 she rats Period 
 
 & 
 | =) 
 
 16th-17th Century 
 
 17th Century 
 
 17th-18th Century 
 
 17th-18th Century 
 
 18th Century 
 
 18th Century 
 
 *%ZARBaAaGg 
 
 Middle of the 
 16th Century 
 
 © 
 
 Middle of 17th 
 Century 
 
 16th-17th Cen- 
 
 tury 
 
 Early 18th Cen- 
 tury 
 
 16th-17th Cen- 
 tury 
 
 @DbePT © 2. © © © wW D 
 
 1735-1736 
 
 Dm»p SPD It B® © B&B &® 
 
 > a> 
 
Marks on German Plate 
 
 AUGSBURG—Continued. 
 
 sere Period ena Period ye ana 
 Q Q eo 
 1751-1753 
 e 1736-1737 Q Q 
 8 1767-1769 
 po 1753-1755 () 
 @ 1737-1739 & 
 Q Q 1755-1757 i ent 
 me. 6 
 8 1757-1759 
 & 7iH73 
 id a 
 1759-1761 & 
 
 9 v 
 Q 1743-1745 0) oe 
 a?feas, I 6 al | 6 
 
 ( ny 1777-1779 
 6) 1747-1749 & 
 1763-1765 
 1779-1780 
 1749-1751 & 
 
318 Marks on German Plate 
 
 AURICH 
 
 Inspection : 
 ee Period 
 
 W 16th Century 
 
 é 
 
 “ igth Century 
 
 BADEN-BADEN 
 
 Inspection 
 Mark 
 
 16th Century 
 
 16th-17th Century 
 \\ 17th Century 
 
 Period 
 
 BAMBERG 
 
 Inspection ; 
 Mark Period 
 
 1sth and early 16th 
 Century 
 
 1618 
 
 17th and early 18th 
 Century 
 
 Q 
 ‘Bi 
 B 
 B 
 
 BAMBERG—Continued. 
 
 Inspection ; 
 Mark Period 
 
 17th and early 18th 
 Century 
 
 18th Century 
 
 First half of 18th 
 Century 
 
 Middle of 18th Cen- 
 tury 
 
 End of 18th Century 
 
 18th and first half of 
 1gth Century 
 
 B 
 B 
 B 
 (3 
 B 
 (3 
 @ 
 E3 
 
Marks on German Plate 319 
 
 | BERLIN BIBERACH 
 
 sae Period Reha Period 
 Second half of 17th 18th and 19th Cen- 
 Century tury 
 BREMEN 
 
 First half of 18th Inspection 
 
 Century Mark Period 
 
 1gth Century 
 
 17th and 18th Cen- 
 tury 
 
 1735 or earlier 
 
 vw 17th Century 
 
 BRESLAU 
 
 Inspection 
 
 Mark Period 
 
 Second half of 18th 
 
 Century From 1539 to 1553 
 
 16th and early 17th 
 Century 
 
 Early 17th Century 
 
 Middle 17th Cen- 
 
 18th Century to its 
 tury 
 
 close 
 
 Second half 17th 
 Century and to 
 ep 
 
 19th Century 
 
 9069 O@QO90g ©2900 
 
 @s<e@@2e@ 
 
 1730-1740 —- 
 
BRESLAU-—Cen :nued. BRUCHSAY?. 
 
 Inspection (A town of Baden) 
 Period : 
 ets Inspection Pertod 
 Late 18th Century Mark =a 
 C4) and to 1842 17th and 18th Cene 
 
 — 
 
 Punch used for .8125 
 silver 1710-1795 BRUNSWICK 
 
 Inspection 
 
 Mark Period 
 
 eS ay | End of 16th Century ates * 
 © oo | Tagen 
 A 1710-1712 &3 vee enry 
 B 1712-1721 Pes 
 
 $3 1721-1727 | 
 
 ee 1727-1737 53 7th Centaurea 
 [>) 1737-1745 
 
 @ 1746-1758” | 
 
 | a 
 | ae Secon half of rth 
 
 : Century — 
 
 @ 761-1776 G3 
 
 « 1776-1791 
 
 S B93 91 Fag Ey 
 
 ay 1849-1861 €3 7 
 
Marks on German Plate 307 
 
 CASSEL | COLMAR 
 
 Inspectt ; rs it 
 ava ie e Period bie & Period 
 
 16th and 17th Cen- 
 1658 tury 
 
 17th Century COLOGNE 
 
 [ teers. Period 
 
 17th and 18th Cen- 
 
 tury 
 
 16th Century 
 18th Century GY 
 
 e 
 & 
 & 
 
 16th and 17th Cen- 
 
 SK tury 
 
 18th and igth Cen The last of these marks combined 
 tury throughout the second half of the 17th 
 Century but surmounted by date letters 
 
 A, B, ete. 
 
 Inspection 
 Mark 
 
 artad 
 
 SS 
 x 
 : 
 o 
 S 
 ? 
 
 COBLENZ 
 Latter half of 17th 
 
 Inspection Bead Century 
 
 Mark 
 
 w 
 
 18th Century 
 
322 | Marks on German Plate 
 
 COLOGNE—Continued. DAGEBULL 
 hss Period ee eda Period 
 wy 
 as 
 17th Century 
 06 
 13 
 +44 17th and 18th Cen- 
 13 First half of 18th tury 
 Century 
 w@ ; DANZIG 
 Inspection ; 
 iavt Period 
 we 16th and 17th Cen- ~ | 
 tury 
 ads 
 12 
 
 17th Century 
 
 Second half of 17th 
 Century 
 Middle of 18th Cen- 8 | | 
 
 tury 17th and early 18th 
 
 Century 
 
 m GH 
 
 DARMSTADT 
 
 Inspection , 
 Mark Period 
 
 &3 16th and 17th Cen- 
 tury | 
 
 17th and 18th Cen- 
 tury 
 
 Close of 18th Cen- 
 tury 
 
 18th and 19th Cen- 
 tury 
 
 €ai GH GB @ 
 
 The numerals indicate the number of 19th Century 
 
 _ sixteenths of pure silver, i.e., .8125 or .75. 
 
 Sin oe pe ee eee As ten ae ee ar: 
 
Marks on German Plate 308 
 
 DAVENSTADT DRESDEN 
 
 : Inspection : 
 Inspection eed sie Bead 
 
 Mark 
 
 e 0) 16th-17th Century 
 : 17th Century 
 
 * 
 
 Ey Uncertain 
 
 First quarter of 18th 
 Century 
 
 DESSAU <a 
 
 eon Period g 
 'D) 17th Century 1730 
 © 
 
 » 
 
 DD) 18th-19th Century 
 
 C2 foe CVE 
 iD 19th Century 
 3 os 
 DILLINGEN 
 ll Period 
 @ First half 18th Cen- Middle of 18th Cen- 
 tury tury 
 (() 
 
 NY Second half 18th | 
 Century 
 
 *The significance of the numerals 12, 13, 14 is explained in note on p. 315. 
 
324 Marks on German Plate 
 
 DRESDEN—Continued. 
 
 Inspection : Inspection 
 eee Period pea Period 
 
 Middle of 18th Cen- x 
 
 Inspection 
 Mark 
 
 Period 
 
 Close of 18th 
 Century 
 
 hC 
 Third quarter of eb ait 
 
 18th Century 
 
 Third quarter of 
 18th Century 
 
 19th Century 
 
 DRESDEN 
 
 Late in the 19th Century the crossed swords instead of being in relief were encised (the 
 field being in relief). The word DRESDEN also appears in some instances. 
 Date letters were also used as follows: 
 
 1702 1748 M (small Gothic) 1785 
 1708 (script) 1750 N (small Gothic) 1793 
 1714 1757 
 
 1717 1760 Note.—No doubt this alohabet was 
 1720 1761 used from 1775 to 1800. 
 1722 1762 
 
 1747 (in a form re- 1808 
 
 1726 sembling the 1818 
 
 1728 Roman G) 1822 
 
 1731 1767 (small black letter) 1823 
 1737 ; 1768 “ “ 3 ) 1826 
 1738 1771 « ) 1828 
 1739 eg. “ ) 1830 
 1741 1773 
 
 1747 1774 
 
 MOO ZZNASM AHO ZOD 
 
 i 
 is 
 
 oe... 
 ie Se eS 
 
Marks on German Plate 308 
 
 DUSSELDORF DUSSELDORF— Continued. 
 
 Letideiat Period Hepa Period 
 
 * 68 
 LF 
 12 
 
 ie 18th Century 
 DS 
 
 17th and 18th Cen- LR 
 
 tury 
 
 17th Century 
 
 ELBERFELD 
 
 Inspection 
 
 Mark Period 
 
 as 17th Century 
 iy 
 
 17th and 18th Cen- ELBING 
 
 r : 
 Sad Inspection 
 
 Mark 
 
 1643-1753 
 
 Period 
 
 18th Century 
 
 a 
 T 
 @ 
 L 
 Ly 
 ab 
 cr 
 SS 
 &3 
 & 
 
 *The significance of the numerals 12, 13 is explained in the note on p. 315 
 
326 Marks on German Plate 
 EMDEN ERFURT—Continued. 
 Inspection : Inspection ; 
 dark Period Mark Period 
 Gl 1474 (?) 
 First half of 17th 
 (24 16th Century Century 
 Fee) 1601 | 
 Ta. 
 1603 Second half 17th 
 Century 
 GD 1612 
 . 17th and 18th Cen- ~ 
 tury 
 (3 First half of 18th 
 roa Century 
 Second half 18th 
 4-4) 1645 j Century 
 ESSEN 
 hes Inspection 
 Mark Bbiocd 
 ENGEN iB Farly 17th Century 
 Inspection ; 
 Period : 
 ae o 17th and 18th Cen- 
 tury 
 17th Century 
 
 Q 
 
 EUTIN 
 : Inspection : 
 ERFURT Mark Period 
 Inspection : 
 fee b Period | 1623 
 16th Century 
 FRANKENSTEIN 
 Inspection i 
 Mark Period 
 16th-17th Century 
 
 Commencement of 
 E 18th Century 
 
Marks on German Plate 
 
 FRANKFORT-ON-MAIN 
 
 Inspection 
 
 eae Period 
 
 *f 
 4 € Up to 1614 
 
 a 
 a 
 
 17th Century 
 
 17th-18th Century 
 
 Early 18th Century 
 
 Middle of 18th Cen- 
 tury 
 
 2S oo 80 e&ces 
 
 Inspection 
 Mark 
 
 Middle of 18th Cen- 
 tury 
 
 Period 
 
 Middle of 18th Cen- 
 tury 
 
 0 O @ 
 
 End of 18th Century 
 
 327 
 
328 Marks on German Plate 
 
 FRANKFORT-ON-ODER FREIBURG—Continued. 
 
 I : Baden 
 leek Period Inspection 
 Period 
 
 ; Mark 
 t &) 17th-18th Century 2) 17th Century 
 C 1772 f.) 18th Century 
 
 FRAUSTADT | 
 : 18th Century 
 nspection ; 
 Atock Period E 
 @ 17th and 18th Cen- FREIBURG 
 tury 
 ¢t) ) (Saxony) 
 Inspection : 
 Aik _ Period 
 
 FREIBURG re 
 (Baden) 
 Inspection Period End of 16th and 
 
 Mark 
 
 beginning of 17th 
 Century 
 
 1654 
 
 1658 
 
 1660-1667 
 
 1668 
 
 16th Century 
 
 18th Century 
 
 18th-1g9th Century 
 
 & ES O20 OO © 
 
 i 
 ee 
 P 
 7a 
 > 
 a 
 - 
 if 
 P 
 
Marks on German Plate 
 
 FREISING 
 
 Inspection 
 
 Mark Period 
 
 * End of 17th Century 
 
 °" 
 
 GB 18th Century 
 
 FRIEDBERG 
 Ag aig, Period 
 
 17th Century 
 
 FULDA 
 
 Inspection 
 
 Mark Period 
 
 circa 1715 
 
 FURTH 
 
 vg Period 
 
 @ ~ 
 
 GEBWEILER 
 
 Inspection 
 Mark 
 
 Ld End of 17th Century 
 
 GEISLINGEN 
 
 - eee Races 
 
 & 17th-18th Century 
 
 Period 
 
 GLATZ 
 
 Inspection 
 
 Mark Period 
 
 >t 16th Century 
 
 GLOGAU 
 
 I i 
 ie ase Period 
 
 CG 17th Century 
 
 GMUND 
 
 fg tt 
 ped ee Period 
 
 16th and 17th Cen- 
 tury 
 
 17th Century 
 
 17th and 18th Cen- 
 tury 
 
 Middle of 18th Cen- 
 tury 
 
 tury 
 
 oO 
 6) 18th and 19th Cen- 
 O 
 
 GNOIEN 
 
 Inspection 
 Mark 
 
 ote 18th Century 
 
 Period 
 
 329 
 
330 Marks on German Plate 
 
 GORLITZ GUSTROW 
 Inspection ‘ Inspection ; 
 Mark Period fick Period 
 G End of 17th to 
 te 16th Century middle of 18th 
 Century 
 
 ‘ Second half of 18th 
 ' Century 
 
 17th Century 
 
 6 HALBERSTADT 
 Inspection 
 
 Mark Period 
 
 Middle of 17th Cen- 
 ug tury 
 
 18th Century 
 
 1697 
 GOTHA 
 Inspection 
 
 Mark Period 
 
 te 17th Century 
 cs) 1688 
 
 Early 18th Century 
 
 Early 18th Century 
 
 GRABOW . 
 Inspection ; 
 Period 
 Mark Middle 18tn Cen- 
 Three tury 
 stars above a : 
 Uncertain 
 
 crescent in a 
 
 shield. 
 
 m2 BB BS 
 
ee Ss 
 
 Inspection 
 Mark 
 
 © 
 © 
 Uy 
 NY 
 & 
 Q 
 
 Inspection 
 Mark 
 
 Marks on German Plate 
 
 HALL HAMBURG 
 (Swabia) I saat Dicigt 
 Period 
 
 End of 16th Century 
 
 Second half of 16th 
 
 Century 16th-17th Century 
 
 17th Century 
 
 17th Century 
 
 Gae eo 
 
 18th Century 
 
 ss 
 > 
 > 
 
 HALLE 
 (Saxony) 
 
 Period 
 
 16th Century 
 17th Century 
 
 ey 
 5 
 © 
 
 17th Century 
 
 17th-18th Century 
 
 18th Century 
 
 331 
 
Marks on German Plate 
 
 HAMBURG—Conitinued. 
 
 Inspection Inspection 
 
 Siour Period Period 
 
 17th and 18th Cen- 
 tury 
 
 17th Century 
 
 B- 
 
 The years continued to be represented 
 Shigge oo by date letters. 
 
 Inspection ; 
 Mark , Period 
 
 1762 
 
 (?) 
 
 c5 & 
 
 17th and 18th Cen- 
 tury 
 
 1785 
 
 « 1820 
 
 G33 6565 
 
 fi 
 {Ps 
 tn 
 HM) 
 
 1821 
 
Marks on German Tflate te at 
 
 Inspection 
 Mark 
 
 Inspection 
 Mark 
 
 HANAU 
 
 Period 
 
 17th Century 
 
 17th and early 18th 
 Century 
 
 Middle 18th Century 
 
 18th Century 
 
 HANOVER 
 
 Period 
 
 1640 
 
 1644 
 
 1663 
 
 1665 
 
 1670 
 
 1686 
 
 HANOVER— Continued. 
 
 Inspection 
 Mark 
 
 Y Early 18th Century 
 
 Middle of 18th Cen 
 tury ; 
 
 HANOVER-NEUSTADT 
 
 Inspection : 
 - Period 
 
 Period sis) 
 
 Mark 
 
 a3 17th and 18th Cen- 
 Pa tury 
 
 EF 1726 
 
 HEIDELBERG 
 
 Inspection 
 Mark 
 
 17th and 18th Cen- 
 tury / 
 
 4 18th Century 
 
 Period 
 
334 Marks on German Plate 
 
 HEILBRONN JAUER 
 
 Identification : Identification ; 
 Mark Period Mark Period 
 
 18th Century 
 Me 19th Century & 
 
 HILDESHEIM KARLSRUHE 
 
 Identification ' Tdéntificait 
 Mark Perige hr 70" ~Period 
 
 16th Century 
 e | Until 1806 
 lA 
 17th Century 
 KAUFBEUREN 
 
 G- 18th Century oe cd Period 
 nts ar 
 ey 16th Century 
 
 ILMENAU 
 Identification : 
 Period 
 cored - 7 
 Identification : 
 & ee Mark Period 
 
 INGOLSTADT & 16th—-17th Century 
 
 Identification 
 Mark 
 
 Period 
 
 1sth and 16th Cen- 
 tury 
 
 17th Century 
 
 17th Century 
 
 18th Century 
 
Marks on German Plate 335 
 
 KIEL—Continued. KONIGSBERG—Continued. 
 Identification Identification : 
 Mark Period Mark Period 
 57 17th Century 1754-1761 
 ' ¥ 1766-1772 
 ‘ 18th Century 
 + w 1760-1770 
 2 1780-1790 
 Ww 19th Century 
 KITZINGEN 4 1784-1786 
 ° . Md 
 DF Ay eet eee, 
 Q 
 4 1788-1800 
 KK; 18th-19th Century 
 KONIGSBERG 25 
 I a a yey 
 4 HB 4 1708 1830-1860 
 
 | 1704-1716 
 3 1714 and later 
 
 1gth Century 
 
 *See note on p. 315. 
 
336 Marks on German Plate 
 
 KONIGSBERG—Continued. KONSTANZ 
 
 Date Lette Identification : 
 a cg Mark Period 
 
 173 
 
 16th Century 
 
 16th and 17th Cen- 
 tury 
 
 17th Century 
 
 Early 17th Century 
 
 Middle 17th Century 
 
 End of 17th Century 
 
 @ 
 » 
 F 
 L 
 § 
 ZB 
 C 
 MI 
 88 
 B 
 A 
 A 
 
 a > 
 
Marks on German Plate 
 
 KONSTANZ—Continued. 
 
 Identification 
 
 Mark Period 
 
 18th Century 
 
 Bie 1gth Century 
 
 CULLEL 
 
 I 4 
 op 
 LANDSBERG 
 A radia Period 
 
 +: 17th and 18th Cen- 
 tury 
 ake 
 
 LANDSHUT 
 
 yf ee” Ppt 
 
 +) 16th Century 
 
 @ 
 
 *See note on p. 315. 
 
 LANDSHUT—Continued. 
 
 I ee Period 
 
 : Middle of 18th Cen- 
 tury 
 
 * 
 (2) End of 18th Century 
 
 LEER 
 
 Identi d 
 sy ie Period 
 
 LEIPZIG 
 
 Identi ] 
 eee cred Period 
 
 16th Century 
 
 End of 16th Century 
 
 17th Century and 
 early 18th Cen- 
 tury 
 
 are 
 
 | 
 
338 Marks on German Plate 
 
 LEIPZI1G—Continued. LIEGNITZ 
 
 Identification P Identification 
 Mark vihideo Mark 
 
 Period 
 
 17th and 18th Cen- 
 tury 
 
 16th and 17th Cen- 
 tury 
 
 Early 18th Century 
 End of 17th Cen- 
 tury 
 
 LISSA 
 
 Identification Period 
 
 Mark 
 18th Century ar» 
 
 LUBECK 
 
 Identification : 
 Mark Period 
 
 ’ a h Cent 
 Jax 15th Century : 
 
 1495 
 
 18th Century 
 
 1501 
 
 w 
 “- 
 Gp - 
 ie, 
 
 e 
 8 
 o 
 = 
 y 
 
 1775 Early 16th Century 
 
 & 
 
Marks on ean Plate 339 
 
 LUBECK—Continued. 
 
 Identification 
 Mark 
 
 orm, 
 
 892 80808 SSQace 
 
 Period 
 
 1540 
 
 Middle 16th Cen- 
 tury 
 
 Second half 16th 
 Century 
 
 16th and 17th Cen- 
 tury 
 
 1622 
 
 1631 
 
 Middle 17th Cen- 
 tury 
 
 18th Century 
 
 LUDWIGSBURG 
 
 I Hib ei Deiat 
 
 1gth Century 
 
 LUNEBURG 
 
 bo a Period 
 
 rs 
 Vas 
 3 15th-16th Century 
 
 First half of 16th 
 Century 
 
 Qa * 
 
340. Marks on German Plate 
 
 LUNEBURG—Continued. 
 
 Inspection P 
 ‘g Period 
 
 Second half of 16th 
 Century 
 
 16th-17th Century 
 
 OO30 e828 OB @: 
 
 ee 
 
 LUNEBURG—Continued. 
 
 Inspection 
 Mark 
 
 ® 
 ® 
 
 Period 
 
 ba Early 17th Century 
 
 Beginning of tgth 
 Century 
 
 MAGDEBURG 
 
 Inspection 
 Mark 
 
 Period 
 
 End of 17th Century 
 
 Early 18th Century 
 
 17th-18th Century 
 
Marks on German Plate 341 
 
 MAINZ 
 
 Oo” Period 
 
 16th Century 
 
 17th Century 
 
 17th Century 
 
 Wage, 
 1761 
 
 1gth Century 
 
 MANNHEIM 
 
 ee” Period 
 
 17th and 18th Cen- 
 tury 
 g ~ 
 Q » 
 * 
 1737 
 ® ... 
 
 *See note on p. 315. 
 
 MARIENBURG 
 
 hi ti 
 te pied Period 
 
 @) 17th Century 
 ny 17th-18th Century 
 
 MARIENWERDER 
 
 Inspection 
 
 hie Period 
 
 @ 18th Century 
 
 MARKDORF 
 
 sn Period 
 
 17th Century 
 
 MEMEL 
 
 Inspection 
 
 Atotk Period 
 
 18th Century 
 
 MEMMINGEN 
 of epee Period 
 
 el 16th Century 
 
 Same device but 17th Century 
 
 in circle 
 MERGENTHEIM 
 eRe Period 
 
 18th Century 
 
342 Marks on German Plate 
 
 METZ MUNICH—Continued. 
 
 Inspection Inspection : 
 Mark Period Sik Period 
 
 o» G 
 
 MULHAUSEN 
 (Alsace) 
 
 Period 
 
 L 
 t>) 
 4 
 
 2! 
 
 1’ 
 , 
 
 Inspection 
 Mark 
 
 17th Century 
 
 Kon 17th-18th Century 
 <> 18th Century 
 
 MULHAUSEN 
 (Saxony) 
 
 Period 
 
 18th Century 
 
 Inspection 
 Mark 
 
 so 1618 
 
 MUNICH 
 
 OB wee 
 
 a’ 
 . 
 
 oe iat Period 
 
 16th and 17th Cen- 
 tury 
 
 ke Second half of 17th 
 ? Century 
 
 Or gr > a Pod 
 Eo 
 eek Ny 
 
 ry ‘@ ,9 
 K 
 e) + 
 
Marks on German Plate 343 
 
 MUNICH— Continued. NAUMBURG—Continued. 
 I hi ‘ 
 . ‘ a Period eimai Pertod 
 
 t» @) 4! 
 D ¢ Se 
 JY 1760 rf) 
 
 18th Century 
 
 a? 1762 8 
 18th Century 
 
 x3 1773 
 *: fi NEISSE 
 
 ie ols Period 
 *) 1795 2) 1604 
 
 MUNSTER 
 
 oo ‘Period G2 17th and beginning 
 
 of 18th Century 
 
 LJ 6th C CP, 
 
 16th Century 
 
 Ss 
 ES 17th Century oe 1742 
 
 NAUMBURG NORDEN 
 Vistnacit Inspection Ne 
 tie Dor na Rak Period 
 xy 16th and 17th Cen- fs | 
 tury ; 18th and 1gth Cen- 
 tury 
 Xe 17th Century 
 BR 17th Century 4% 19th Century 
 
 1684 BeKey 1gth Century 
 
Marks on German Plate 
 
 OBERGLOGAU 
 Identification : 
 Mark Period 
 
 344 
 NORDLINGEN NUREMBERG—Continued. 
 I cy pares Period Date Letters 
 $f A) 1766-69 
 vy 17th Century 
 ® 179-73 
 NUREMBERG a 1773~76 
 Inspection Period 
 Mark eh, 
 17) 'D) 1776-80 
 Early 16th Century 
 @ E) 1780-83 
 N Second half of 16th F 1783-87 
 Century 
 @ 1787-90 
 Ny ©) 1790-94 
 Ny 16th and 18th Cen- j 
 ye ry 1794-97 
 ® kK) 1797-1800 
 NT) : Igth Century 
 16th and 18th Cen- & 
 ® tury 
 
 19th Century 9 18th Century 
 
 —i« — 
 ie Se ee 
 
Marks on German Plate 345 
 OCHSENFURT PADENBORN 
 a” Period lls Se Period 
 1625 17th and 18th Cen- 
 tury 
 OFFENBURG 
 ificati th Cent 
 SC a Period @> 19 entury 
 il 1516 PASSAU 
 Nena Identification : 
 Ven Period 
 roe peeks 17th and 18th Cen- 
 I "ey eta Period tury 
 
 AN vie 18th Century 
 a a 
 1700 7 
 : tgth Century 
 1716 PFORZHEIM 
 
 é ppp ues Period 
 
 OSTERODE 
 
 1 ag? 18th-19th Century 
 Identification Period W 9 
 Mark 
 
 Gold standard tgth 
 
 ® YS Century 
 
 17th Century 
 NY tgth Century 
 
 ® « 
 
 ® 17th and 18th Cen- 
 tury 
 
 Gold standard late 
 1gth Century 
 
 POSEN 
 Gs 19th Century af ee Period 
 OOTTINGEN 
 — Period 17th-18th Century 
 @ 18th Century OS 
 
 *See note on p. 315. 
 
346 Marks on German Plate 
 
 POTSDAM RAPPOLTSWEILER 
 
 Identification ; Inspection # 
 Mark Period Stamp Period 
 ret 1615 
 
 18th Century 
 
 RATIBOR 
 
 ee 
 ea Perind 
 PRUSSIA 
 
 Period 
 REGENSBURG 
 Inspection Period 
 
 16th-17th Century 
 
 Law of February 12, 
 1809 
 
 17th Century 
 
 Law of April 25, G 18th Century 
 : Z 
 
 RITZEBUTTEL 
 
 From September 10, Inspection ; 
 : Period 
 1809, this stamp 
 was used on tax- 
 free church silver 
 
 18th Century 
 
Marks on German Plate 347 
 
 ROSENHEIM SCHWEINFURT 
 
 4 “p = ae pet Peyronie Daeg 
 4S 17th Century End of 16th Century 
 
 Middle of 17th Cen- 
 tury 
 
 ROSTOCK 
 
 Inspection 
 
 ae Period 
 
 1681 
 
 1730-1740 
 
 1756 
 
 1807 
 
 First half of 17th 
 
 Century SCHWERIN 
 I she ashe Period 
 S) 
 SCHORNDORF in circle 
 
 17th and 18th Cen- 
 
 Identification area tur 
 eee Period S y 
 in shield 
 = 16th Century 
 SPEIER 
 : ati Period 
 SCHWEIDNITZ is é 
 ° . ag 
 “aie Period sae 15th Century 
 Ge) 17th Century Ses 
 . inaiee 15th-16th Century 
 Cy 
 Co) 18th Century aie 16th Century 
 eae 
 
 *See note on p. 315. 
 
348 Marks on German Plate 
 
 STADTAMHOF 
 
 oe Mtn met 
 
 STETTIN 
 
 Identification 
 
 Mark 
 
 ng 16th-17th Century 
 
 Period 
 
 STOLBERG-WERNIGERODE 
 
 Identification 
 Mark 
 
 Period 
 
 18th Century 
 
 STRALSUND 
 
 Identification 
 Mark 
 
 p 17th Century 
 
 STRASBURG 
 
 fcati 
 Ae ah Period 
 
 B 1534-1567 
 
 1567-1616 
 
 Period 
 
 *See note on p. 315. 
 
 STRASBURG—Continued. 
 Identification 
 
 Mark Period 
 ~ 
 
 \ 1567-1616 
 NI 1616-1639 
 * 53) 1639-1643 
 
 8 1643-1644 
 C 
 
 Oo ewe 
 ae a? ED os 
 
Marks on German Plate 349 
 
 STRASBURG—Continued. 
 
 Identification Identification Identification 
 
 oe Period Mark Period Merk Period Date Letiers 
 
 1655 1682 
 1656 
 
 1659 
 
 1659 
 
 is a: 
 
 % 
 é 
 S 
 6G 
 : 
 
 1672-1674 
 
 1750-1796 
 
 1674-1690 
 
 EEBG> WA BHP HS ag 
 
 EDS 6S RES 
 
 *See note on p. 315. 
 
350 Marks on German Plate 
 
 STRAUBING 
 
 Identification 
 Mark Period 
 
 Second half 16th 
 Century 
 
 (S)} se FH) 
 
 STUTTGART 
 
 Identification : 
 Mork Period 
 
 End of 16th Century 
 1600 
 
 17th Century 
 
 17th Century 
 
 1700 
 
 18th-19th Century 
 
 YY 
 S 
 o 
 @ 
 @ 
 @ 
 o 
 eS 
 
 STUTTGART—Continued. 
 
 Identification 
 
 Mark Period 
 
 18th-19th Century 
 
 19th Century 
 
 SUHL 
 
 Identification 
 Mark 
 
 17th Century t 
 
 1750 circa 
 
 THORN 
 Identification Period 
 
 Period 
 
 17th Century 
 
 18th Century 
 
 1760-1780 
 
 fe) 
 
 re 
 
Marks on German Plate axi 
 
 TILSIT 
 
 Identification : 
 fi Period 
 
 18th Century 
 
 Early 19th Century 
 
 TITTMONING 
 I oe irl sae 
 
 a 17th Century 
 
 TORGAU 
 
 I ea Period 
 
 €e 16th-17th Century 
 > 17th Century 
 
 TREBNITZ 
 
 I see, hte Period 
 
 3 17th Century 
 
 TUBINGEN 
 
 Identification 
 Mark 
 
 TUTTLINGEN 
 
 Identification 
 Mark 
 
 Period 
 
 Period 
 
 ie 1660 
 
 UBERLINGEN 
 
 Identification 
 
 py es Period 
 
 End of 16th Century 
 
 End of 16th Century 
 
 & 
 
 2963 26324 Sax 4 S 
 
 16th-17th Century 
 
 17th Century 
 
 18th Century 
 
352 
 
 Ideniification 
 Mark 
 
 OCG Be 
 
 ©) 4% 4% Es 
 
 Marks on German Plate 
 
 ULM ULM—Continued. 
 Period ee oe Period 
 
 gs 17th and 18th Cen- 
 
 CBS 
 
 16th Century © 
 
 D<] 
 Dx) 
 Se 
 
 SeGa@Eeé¢ 
 
 16th-17th Century 
 
 17th Century 
 
 tury 
 
 18th Century 
 
 VELBURG 
 
 Inspection 
 
 17th and 18th Cen- 
 tury 
 
 Inspection 
 Marr 
 
 Period 
 
 18th-1gth Century 
 
 VERDEN 
 Period 
 
 17th Century 
 
Marks on German Plate aod 
 
 VILLINGEN WERTHEIM 
 Sas 15th and 16th Cen- 6 
 tury Apee 
 V 
 ' 18th Century 
 WESEL 
 Inspection ; 
 Tce ee Pericd 
 Inspection s 
 Mark Period 16th Century 
 WwW 
 18th Century 
 in shield 
 WARTHA WISMAR 
 fatale Period a oti Period 
 ?) Ce r 
 18th (2) Century 16th Century 
 WEILHEIM 
 ff tt ; 
 eras erat Nie) 17th Century 
 
 I oth-1 8th Century 
 
 18th Century 
 
 WEIMAR 
 
 te pie _ Period 
 
 W Beginning of 17th 
 WY/) Century 
 
 End of 17th Century 
 
 WOLFENBUTTEL 
 ee Period 
 
 Re 1668 
 rel 
 
 17th Century 
 
 17th and 18th Cen- 
 tury : 
 
354 Marks on German Plate 
 
 WORMS 
 
 Inspection 
 Mark 
 
 A 16th and 17th Cen- 
 We: tury 
 
 eA 17th Century 
 ee 1730. 
 
 WURZBURG 
 
 Sipe H Period 
 
 (3) 18th Century 
 
 7 Early 19th Century 
 
 Period 
 
 WURZEN 
 vay aaa Period 
 WW) 18th Century 
 ZERBST 
 a a Period ._ 
 1696 
 1700 
 
 Ne 
 
 ZERBST—Continued. 
 
 Inspection 
 Mark 
 
 A = 
 @ 
 
 ZITTAU 
 
 Period 
 
 Inspection 
 Mark 
 
 Period 
 
 1710 
 
 1731 
 
 1750 
 
 ZWEIBRUCKEN 
 
 . Inspection : 
 Mark Period 
 
 18th Century 
 
 ZWICKAU 
 
 Inspection 
 
 Mark 
 
 16th and 17th Cen- 
 tury 
 <, 17th Century 
 
 Period 
 
CHAPTER XXVIII 
 Marks on Other Continental Plate 
 
 AUSTRIA 
 BOZEN CRACOW 
 
 Inspection 
 
 I tt. : j 
 at alah ll Period Ark Period 
 
 Mark 
 1708 1807-1809 
 
 Middle of 18th Cen- 
 tury 
 
 1824-1866 NAY. 1809-1835 
 
 1866-1872 Gold 
 1872 
 
 BRUNN 1835-1866 
 
 L 4 pili Penal 
 
 1859 
 
 * 1835-1866 etc., indicate the period. Each 
 mark is dated. One shown is 1845; the other 
 is 1859. For numerals 12 and 13 shown in 
 Briinn and Cracow marks see p. 315. 
 
 EGER 
 
 esa siins Period 
 
 17th-18th Century 
 Beginning of 18th 
 Century 
 
 C | 1868-1872 
 
356 Marks on Other Continental Plate 
 
 GRAZ 
 
 Coe Period 
 
 Late 16th Century 
 
 HALL 
 
 Ins } : 
 nspection Patt 
 
 Mark 
 
 Form used _ from 
 1824 to 1866. * 
 Each year is given. 
 See footnote under 
 
 Cracow, p. 355. 
 H 1866-1 868 
 
 HOTZENPLOTZ 
 
 Inspection 
 
 Mark 
 
 IGLAU 
 
 Inspection 
 Mark 
 
 Period 
 
 Period 
 
 1769 (-1776) 
 
 INNSBRUCK 
 
 Inspection ; 
 ‘i Period 
 
 Late 17th Century 
 
 17th and 18th Cen- 
 tury 
 
 KLAGENFURT 
 
 Inspection 
 Mark 
 
 Period 
 1806-1866 
 1866-1867 
 1868-1872 
 G2 1872 
 
 KREMSIER 
 
 Inspection : 
 Mark Period 
 
 w 1769 
 i 
 
Marks on Other Continental Plate 
 
 LAIBACH 
 
 Inspection 
 Mark 
 
 oY 18th Century 
 
 Period 
 
 us 
 1802 
 1806 
 LEMBERG 
 Inspection Period 
 
 Mark 
 
 1694 
 
 I3 
 LOW7 1787-1806 
 fa 
 
 MAHRISCH-TRUBAU 
 
 is sit Period 
 
 ¢ 16th Centurv 
 
 1736 
 
 NICOLSBURG 
 
 aa Period 
 
 OLMUTZ 
 
 Inspection 
 
 ark Period 
 
 17th Century 
 
 Q 
 
 1769-1776 
 PRAGUE 
 Inspection sy 
 
 Mark 
 
 16th Century 
 
 tury 
 
 1673 
 
 1731 
 
 1795 
 1800 
 
 1807-1813 
 
 1814-1866 
 
 Middle of 17th Cen- 
 
 a7 
 
Marks on Other Continental Plate : 
 
 RAGUSA ; TRIESTE—Continued. 
 Inspection , Inspection 
 rope Period Mark Pigg 
 * 
 17th or 18th Cen- dnp 1803 
 tury 
 =u ni 1805 
 SALZBURG 
 Inspectior 
 b 
 oe TROPPAU 
 Inspection Postar 
 
 Mark 
 
 16th Cent 
 16th-17th Century 
 
 Close of 16th | Cen- 
 
 t 
 ury io 
 1759 
 17th-18th Century 
 1789-1806 
 SCHARDING 
 1807-1866 
 Inspection Period 
 tk erio 
 » 
 VIENNA 
 \| " 17th Century 7 ; 
 nspection 
 Mark Period 
 TRIESTE 
 Inspection a 
 
 iat Period 
 
 ae 
 ky 
 * & Middle of 16th Cen- 
 ey a 
 f Ps From the end of 16th 
 3 18th Century ° WW. Century to 1674 
 ey ers for silver of .875 
 
 standard 
 
 & @ ... 
 
 *See note, p. 355- 
 
Marks on Other Continental Plate 359 
 
 VIENNA—Continued. 
 
 Inspection 
 
 ‘atk Period 
 
 z 
 
 1687 
 
 + 
 
 = 
 w 
 
 1692 for silver of 
 .8125 standard 
 
 wo = 
 RO. 
 
 1737 for silver of 
 .8125 standard 
 
 VIENNA—Continued. 
 
 Inspection 
 Mark 
 
 Period 
 
 1812-1813 
 
 1814 for silver of 
 8125 standard 
 
 1819-1866 for silver 
 of .9375 standard 
 
 pad 1737 for silver of 
 3D; 9375 standard ZNAIM 
 _ Inspection , 
 ‘APN? 1764 for silver of Mark fie 
 CB, 9375 standard 
 A I 6 
 ‘@: 1807-1812 eg 
 oNL/7 
 HUNGARY 
 BUDAPEST BUDAPEST—Continued. 
 Period poe Period 
 17th-18th Century 1818 
 1854 
 18th Century 
 GRAN 
 alent Period 
 
 18th-19th Century 
 
 *See note on p. 315. 
 
 18th-19th Century 
 
360 Marks on Other Continental Plate 
 
 LEUTSCHAU 
 
 Period ae Pie Period 
 
 KASCHAU 
 
 Inspection 
 Mark 
 
 Q3 16th Century Ea 1664 
 
 17th and 18th Cen- 63 
 turies é3 
 17th Century 
 
 @ 
 8 
 
 NEUSATZ 
 
 Inspection 5 
 ties Period 
 
 1800-1866 
 
 KECSKEMET oe 
 ee Period 
 ¢} 16th Century NEUSOHL 
 Inspection Period 
 
 Mark 
 
 & 17th Century 
 1657 j 1 be 
 3 ‘a: 1813 
 
 KLAUSENBURG PRESSBURG 
 
 Inspection . Inspection A 
 Mark Period Mark Period 
 
 16th and 17th Cen- 
 turies 
 
 16th Century 
 
 1841 
 
 1864 
 
 rf 
 i 
 
 <0 aes ri 
 
Marks on Other Continental Plate 361 
 
 SCHEMNITZ TEMESVAR 
 
 I ; 
 icine Period 
 
 88 1576 
 
 ae 17th Century 
 Ss 17th-18th Century 
 3) 18th Century 
 
 Inspection 
 
 Period 
 
 BELGIUM 
 
 Following are the State Assay Office punches, denoting 
 
 quality for modern silver and gold in Belgium under the law 
 of 1868. 
 
 For large pieces of 
 .goo fine for large Sanne : 
 & pieces of silver @ gold .800 fine 
 (19. 2K) 
 
 For large pieces of 
 @) gold | .750- fine 
 (18K) 
 
 800 fine for large 
 
 pieces of silver 
 
 For small pieces of 
 gold .800 fine 
 
 rAS .goo fine for small 
 
 pieces of silver 
 
 () For small pieces of 
 gold .750 fine 
 
 B00 fine for small @ Foreign silver 
 
 pieces of silver 
 
362 Marks on Other Continental Plate 
 
 ANTWERP 
 ; Hall ‘ Hall 
 Period Mark Period Mark 
 
 Early 16th Century 17th Century 
 
 17th Century 
 
 1619 
 
 eG Gs 
 
 16th Century 
 
 17th Century 
 
 B) 
 
 Ge 
 
 17th Century 
 
 1609 
 
 Y @ 
 
 16th-17th Century 1662 
 
 GS AGEs @ PS 
 SGaeaGQagace 
 
 17th Century 
 
 1664 
 
 Circa 1670 
 
 17th Century 
 
 1738 
 
 18th Century 
 
 1757 
 
 3772 
 
 1783 
 
Marks on Other Continental Plate 363 
 
 ANTWERP— Continued. 
 Date Letters 
 
 Early 16th Century W/ 
 
 17th Century 
 
 BA 3558-1559 
 17th Century 
 
 17th Century 
 
 16th Century 
 
 17th Century 
 
 17th Century 
 
 1565-1568 
 
 1662-1663 
 
 zs 8 @ & a@& OS B&B B 
 
 r7th Century 
 
 P 
 © 
 B 
 7 
 P| 
 S 
 i] 
 @ 
 GI 
 
 = 
 
 16th-17th Century 
 
364 
 
 Marks on Other Continental Plate 
 
 BRUGES 
 Period 
 
 17th Century 
 
 BRUSSELS 
 
 Hall Period 
 
 Mark 
 
 1618 
 
 18th Century 
 
 State-Control 
 Mark 
 
 1618 
 
 18th Centurv 
 
 Date Letter 
 
 1618 
 
 BRUSSELS—Continued. 
 
 Year Date Period 
 1751 
 GHENT 
 Hall : 
 Atak Period 
 
 2 
 
 18th Century 
 
 The helmet, crowned, was used as guild 
 mark in the early 16th Century. In the 
 latter half of that period it was uncrowned. 
 These marks were all in profile and looked 
 to the left. In the first half of the 18th 
 Century the helmet (or casque) was 
 uncrowned and full face and continued 
 so throughout the century, 
 
 Hall 
 Mark 
 
 JOURNAY 
 
 Period 
 
 16th Century 
 
 1627 
 
See 8S en! = 
 
 ; 
 , 
 P 
 r 
 i 
 
 Marks on Other Continental Plate 365 
 LIEGE LIEGE—Continued. 
 Period een Period 
 
 — 
 i 
 
 1772-1784 
 1650-1689 
 LOUVAIN 
 Phat Period 
 1744-1763 
 18th Century 
 MECHELEN 
 1764-1771 pa Period 
 
 1691 
 
366 Marks on Other Continental Plate 
 
 MONS YPRES 
 
 Hall : 
 Mark Period 
 
 & 17th Century 
 1766 Secand half of 17th 
 Century 
 
 Second half of 18th 
 Century 
 
 Period 
 
 DENMARK 
 AALBORG COPENHAGEN—Continued. 
 
 Period pha Period 
 
 1686 1645 
 
 1663 
 COPENHAGEN 
 
 Lie Period 
 
 16408 
 ii 1608 
 
 ‘@2ar- 
 
 i 
 XQ 
 
Marks on Other Continental Plate 367 
 
 COPENHAGEN—Continued. COPENHAGEN—Continued. 
 si 2 Pertwd Hall Period 
 
 ‘ 6 
 1733 a 
 
 1783 
 
 1841 
 
 1851 
 
 1743 
 
 ODENSE 
 
 pean Period 
 P14] 
 
 HOLLAND 
 
 a . 
 leided Period ae Period 
 
 Law of 1852, silver aH ies “ins less than  .833 
 For large pieces of gold .916 
 ae @ standard 
 
 Large silver pieces .934 Mark for imported silverware 
 
 standard 
 
 Mark for imported goldware 
 Large silver pieces .833 
 
 standard For small foreign pieces (gold 
 S&S and silver) 
 
 Small pieces of silver both 
 
 Export stamp for silver and 
 standards 
 
 gold 
 
368 Marks on Other Continental Plate 
 
 AMSTERDAM 
 
 Guild 
 Stamp 
 
 Period 
 
 1556 
 
 16th-17th Century 
 
 1606 
 
 1608 
 
 1655 
 
 ww) 
 
 a 
 
 18th Century with 
 date letters 
 
 y EP GRID 
 
 bd 
 Ge 
 
 BREDA 
 
 Period 
 
 15th-16th Century 
 
 16th-17th Century 
 
 DOKKUM 
 
 Guild ; 
 Stamp Period 
 
 1648 
 
 DORDRECHT 
 
 Guild 
 Stamp 
 
 € 
 a 
 
 ENKHUIZEN 
 
 Period 
 
 Period 
 
 Latter part of 17th 
 Century 
 
 GOUDA 
 
 Guild 
 Stamp 
 
 EB 16th Century 
 
 Period 
 
Marks on Other Continental Plate 369 
 
 THE HAGUE LEEUWARDEN 
 
 Guild oe Guild 
 Mark thee Mark 
 
 tec 
 17th Century 17th-18th Century 
 
 Pertod 
 
 MAESTRICHT 
 17th Century with Guild 
 date letter ‘ ea Period 
 nk Latt art of 18tl 
 17th Century state Bees i 
 
 assay mark 
 
 Tees ROTTERDAM 
 
 Guild 
 Mark 
 
 a & Of a 
 
 Period 
 
 18th Century eke 
 18th Century 
 
 & 
 
 HERZOGENBUSCH’S 
 Guild : 
 Mark Bens UTRECHT 
 
 Period 
 
 17th Century 
 
 1614 
 
 HOORN 
 
 ote Period 
 
 SS 1640 
 
 17th Century 
 
 1710 
 
Marks on Other Continental Plate 
 
 379° 
 UTRECHT—Continued. ZWOLLE 
 Guild ‘ Guild 5 
 een Period Mik Period 
 WN : 17th Century 
 18th Century 
 1721 
 VLISSENGEN 
 ea Period 
 16th-17th Century ie 1726 and later 
 ITALY 
 AQUILA FERRARA 
 Inspection 3 Inspection : 
 Mark Period Mark Pariod 
 hc 
 J gO} Early 15th Century >, shi at 
 FLORENCE 
 ie Phi gs Period 
 Early 16th Century 
 $5) 17th-18th Century 
 
 18th Century 
 
 BOLOGNA 
 
 de igs Period 
 ( 18th Century ©) 18th Century 
 
Marks on Other Continental Plate 371 
 
 GENOA MODENA 
 7 Aer : 
 6) 18th Century 
 co r6th Century 
 fi 18th Century NAPLES 
 State : 
 Stamp Period 
 EA - 
 End of 18th Century 
 EY WAP 17th Century 
 LUCCA : | ; 
 Inspection (Sa 17 (2) 
 Mark en NAP 
 TMEEY, 
 6 18th Century. 
 1702 
 MAILAND 
 | Tse Period 
 ‘ eu 1810 _ 
 NAP 1716 
 | WATS id 
 4 
 Git Control-stamp of 
 ee cS 
 A 1720 
 MANTUA NAP 
 Pee 124 
 , sate Period 
 fa 18th Century NAA 1736 
 
772 Marks on Other Continental Plate 
 
 NAPLES—Conzinued. PARMA 
 
 State State 
 
 Period Stamp Period 
 
 o>. 
 Middle of 18th Cen- @e 18th Cent 
 tury e Bd 
 ROME 
 ge State ; 
 Stamp Period 
 §> 17th Century 
 1700 (?) 
 Late 17th Century 
 QO 8 
 1716 
 7 4) 18th Century 
 ae 1790 (?) 
 1720 ; 
 Y 18th and 19th Cen- 
 turies 
 1736 
 SOLMONA 
 NSC et 
 Period 
 13 and 14th Cen- 
 PALERMO turies 
 Saad Period 
 14th Cen and to 
 44 18th Century pe wi 
 
Marks on Other Continental Plate 3 SOK 
 
 SOLMONA-— Continued. VENICE 
 State é State i 
 Stamp Period Stamp Period 
 
 St iddle of 
 ek Co . Q 17th-18th Century 
 e @ 
 
 SUl 
 
 Middle of 15th Cen- 
 tury 
 
 16th-18th Century 
 
 1th or 16th Cen- 
 UT aa | 
 1805. Stamp for 
 
 ; 8125 standard of 
 
 TURIN silver 
 State : 
 Stamp Period 
 1805. Stamp for 
 18th Century -9375 standard of 
 silver 
 (ee) 
 Aju 18th Century fic 
 Se 
 PORTUGAL 
 EVORA LISBON 
 a Period ee Period 
 
 | *] ayae | +4 17th-18th Century 
 rf 18th Century 
 
 GUIMARAES OPORTO 
 
 Inspection Inspection 
 Mork Period Mark 
 
 tel 1790 PE 17th Century 
 
 Period 
 
374 Marks on Other Continental Plate 
 
 NORWAY 
 BERGEN BERGEN—Continued. 
 
 Inspection : Inspection : 
 Mark Period Mark Period 
 
 circa 1800 
 
 circa 1815 
 
 CHRISTIANIA 
 
 Inspection : 
 P Period | 
 
 18th Century 
 
Marks on Other Continental Plate 375 
 
 RUSSIA 
 
 The marks on the following pages might lead the reader to 
 believe that. 84 in an oblong cartouche was a mark pe- 
 culiar to the city of Tula. The distinctive town mark is often 
 placed with 84 which designates the Russian standard of 
 silver .g03 fine, the unit being divided into ninety parts. 
 
 For approximately two centuries Russian silver has been 
 dated, the year being represented by numerals in a straight 
 line, e.g., 1746. 
 
 ASTRAKHAN IRKUTSK or TOBOLSK 
 
 heasiags Period sere: Period 
 
 rae | 1774 
 
 BAUSK 
 
 eneeret Period YAROSLAF 
 
 Mark 
 
 Inspection Resid 
 wor Mark 
 18th Century 
 1767 
 DORPAT 
 
 Inspection ee KALUGA 
 
 Mark ; 
 
 Inspection Period 
 Mark 
 ° 17th Century ; 
 ; — Close of 18th Cen- 
 ———— tury 
 GOLDINGEN 
 Inspection Peri KAMENETZ-PODOLSKI 
 Mark ce Inspection 
 P Period 
 
 Mark 
 
 ( Gs) 18th Century G Ve 
 
 pct 
 
376 Marks on Other Continental Plate 
 
 KAZAN 
 
 hor sie Period 
 
 Inspection 
 
 Mark 
 
 po 
 
 0 19th Century 
 
 KOSTROMA 
 
 Inspection 
 
 Mark Period 
 
 Found on 18th Cen- 
 tury silver 
 
 Inspection 
 Mark 
 
 Q. 1781 
 
 MITAU 
 
 Period 
 
 Inspection 
 
 ype Period 
 
 0 17th Century 
 
 MOSCOW 
 
 Inspection ; 
 5 Pts Period 
 
 1734-1741 
 
 Inspection 
 
 Mark 
 
 Oy 
 
 18th Century 
 
 PSKOF 
 
 ee oi Period 
 
 Unknown 
 
Inspection 
 Mark 
 
 UC 
 
 Marks on Other Continental Plate 377 
 
 REVAL 
 
 Period 
 
 16th Century 
 
 17th Century 
 
 18th Century 
 
 as 
 é> 18th Century 
 RIGA 
 oem Boeriod 
 16th Century 
 1600 
 
 17th-18th Century 
 
 18th Century 
 
 ST. PETERSBURG 
 
 Inspection ; 
 Mak Period 
 
 1736 
 1746 
 1760 
 HK 1801 
 180) 
 6 3 | 
 G2 1829-1880 
 TULA 
 Inspection Period 
 
 Mark 
 
 84k) igth Century 
 
378 Marks on Other Continental Plate 
 
 TVER 
 
 sh nos ta Period 
 
 18th Century 
 
 VILNA 
 
 Inspection : 
 Mark Period 
 
 1A! 16th-17th Century 
 
 VLADIMIR 
 
 yf ti 
 eat ie Period 
 
 18th Century 
 | | 
 | 
 
 ARBOGA or OREBRO 
 
 Inspection 
 
 Mark Period 
 
 17th and 18th Cen- 
 
 turies 
 
 VOLOGDA 
 
 Inspection 
 Mark 
 
 <4) 18th Century 
 
 Period 
 
 WALK 
 
 Inspection 
 Mark 
 
 Period 
 
 Close of 18th Cen- 
 tury 
 
 WIBORG 
 
 Inspection ; 
 Mark Period 
 
 \/ 18th Centuny 
 WW) 18th-19th Century 
 
 SWEDEN 
 
 BORAS 
 Wf nspection 
 
 Mark Period 
 
 18th Century 
 
 After 1860 
 
Marks on Other Continental Plate 379 
 
 CHRISTIANSTAD 
 “appa Period 
 1647 
 
 17th and 18th Cen- 
 
 turies 
 
 yal | 
 
 18th and 19th Cen- 
 turies 
 
 EKSJO, HEDEMORA, and 
 LINDESBERG 
 
 T . 
 fd Sa Period 
 
 17th Century 
 
 $e 18th Century 
 
 18th Century 
 
 Guild Masters’ 
 Marks 
 
 cd 
 
 ‘DH 18th Century 
 
 GEFLE 
 T . 
 Sais ti Period 
 
 G 18th Century 
 
 'G) 1810 
 
 GOTHENBURG 
 
 Meehieih Period 
 
 2 Last half of 18th 
 x Century 
 
 LINDESBERG 
 
 Inspection 
 Mark 
 
 Period 
 
 Close of the 18th 
 
 Century 
 LULEA 
 shee pdb Period 
 Ee) Middle of 18th Cen- 
 
 tury 
 
 $< Beginning of 19th 
 
 Century 
 25 
 
 NORRTELJE 
 
 wera th Period 
 
 (t) Early 19th Century 
 
380 Marks on Other Continental Plate 
 
 OREBRO STOCKHOLM—Continued. 
 
 Inspection ; Inspection 
 Period yaw Pics 
 
 18th Century 
 
 SODERHAMN 
 
 Inspection 
 Mark Period 
 
 we, 
 C23 18th Century 
 
 STOCKHOLM 
 
 Inspection 
 Mark Period 
 
 1647 
 
 1650 
 
 1650 
 
 1674 
 
 1692 
 
 Close of 17th Cen- 
 tury and first half 
 of 18th Century 
 
 = 
 
Marks on Other Continental Plate 381 
 
 TABLE OF DATE LETTERS FOR STOCKHOLM, 1689 TO 1759, 
 AND FROM THAT YEAR FOR ALL OF SWEDEN. 
 
 -* Sere 
 
 | A = 1689 | of = 1713 | a = 1737°| A = 1789 | Az = 1783 | 
 
 B = 1690 | @ = 1714} b = 1738 | B = 1760 |.B2 = 1784 | 
 C =1691 | @ =1715 | -¢ = 1739 | C = 1761 | C2 = 1785 
 
 D- = 1602 | YD = 1716 | d = 1740 D = 1762 | D2 == 1786 
 4 Mee t003|) SG = 1717) ¢ = 1741 | E = 1763 | E2 = 1787 
 
 q F = 1694 | &# = 1718 f = 1742 F = 1764 | F2 = 1788 | 
 ¥ G = 1695 | & = 1719] g = 1743 G = 1765 | G2 = 1789 
 q H = 1696 | # = 1720|/ fh = 1744 H- == 1766 | H2 = 17090 
 To 1607 | co = 1721 i = 1745 I = 1767 }}I2 = 1791 
 K = 1608 | cH = 1722 k = 1746 K = 1768 | K2 = 1792 
 be ogg | = 1723 | | = 1747 | L = 1769 | L2 = 1793 
 
 M = 1700 | eH = 1724] m= 1748 | M = 1770 | M2 = 1794 
 N = 1701 | VW = 1725 | tt = 1749 Nee 1771 | N2-s= 1705 
 j O = 1702 | G@ =1726| 9 = 1750 QO = 1772 | O2 = 1706 
 P = 1703 | # = 1727 | p—=—175t | P = 1773 -| P2 = 1797 
 2 QO = 1704 | @ = 1728 | g = 1752 Q = 1774 | Q2 = 1798 
 “ er oce) oe — 1729} rt = 1753 | R = 1775 | R2 = 1799 
 g mee 1700 | of = 1730 S = 1754 S = 1776 | S2 = 1800 
 £ T = 1707 | oy = 1731 - t = 1755 T = 1777 | T2 = r8o! 
 3 Reet 70a | 97 = 1732} w= 1756 U = 1778 | Uz. = 1802 
 . W = 1709.| W = 1733; w= 1757 | W= 1779 | W2= 1803 
 . foe I7IO | == 1734 | ¢& = 1758 X = 1780 | X2 = 1804 
 q Y=170 |. Y =.1735 Y = 1781 | Y2 = 1805 
 S Pee t7i2 | SY = 1736 Z -= 1782 | Z2 = 1806 
 
 | 
 A3=1807. A4 = 1831. A5 = 1855. AG = 1879. A7 = 1903. | 
 
382 Marks on Other Continental Plate 
 
 TORSHALLA 
 
 Inspection 
 Mark 
 
 CY 18th Century 
 
 ULRICEHAMN 
 
 Inspection 
 
 Period 
 
 Mark Period 
 @ Early 19th Century 
 VASTERAS 
 Inspection 
 Mark Period 
 if 
 18th Century 
 YSTAD 
 rf ti 
 yoRhiEy Period 
 
 18th-1g9th Century 
 
 tgth Century 
 
 16th and 17th Cen- 
 
 turies 
 
 HES ae 
 
 YSTAD—Continued. 
 
 Inspection 
 Mark 
 
  @EaEki EER 
 
 Period 
 
 18th Century 
 
 18th Century 
 
 18th Century 
 
 Close of 18th Cen- 
 tury 
 
Inspection 
 Mark 
 
 GB6@epesc CQ9DG Odae 
 
 Marks on Other Continental Plate 383 
 
 SWITZERLAND 
 BADEN BADEN—Continued. 
 Period se pitt Period 
 
 Early 17th Century 
 
 17th-18th Century 
 
 16th Century and 
 later 
 
 Middle of 17th Cen 
 tury 
 
 17th Century 
 
 1678 
 
 17th Century 
 
 17th-18th Century 
 
 18th Century 
 
 18th Century 
 
 a: 
 g 
 
 BERN 
 
 Inspection 
 Mark 
 
 ae 
 an 
 Tm 
 
 Period 
 
 16th Century 
 
 BIENNE 
 
 si 
 Leh ne Period 
 
 oy 18th Century 
 
384 _ Marks on Other Continental Plate 
 
 Inspection 
 Mark 
 
 24 
 SF 16th-17th Century 
 EINSIEDELN 
 
 Inspection P 
 Mark Period 
 
 We) 17th-18th Century 
 
 &® 18th Century 
 
 GENEVA 
 
 Inspection ; 
 Nak Period 
 
 oF 
 
 18th Century 
 
 LAUSANNE 
 
 ee Period 
 
 0 18th Century 
 
 LUZERN 
 
 Inspection 
 Mark 
 
 = 16th Century 
 =i | 18th Century 
 
 NEUCHATEL 
 
 Inspection : 
 Mark Period 
 
 Period 
 
 17th-18th Century 
 
 NEUVEVILLE 
 
 Inspection ; 
 Mark Period 
 
 e @ 
 > th Cent 
 a _ 17 entury 
 
 PAYERNE 
 
 Inspection ° ; 
 Mark Period 
 
 16th and 17th Cen- 
 
 turies 
 
Marks on Other Continental Plate 385 
 
 RAPPERSWIL SURSEE 
 
 Soar Period 3 HE pat Period 
 
 @ 16th and 17th Cen- ah 16th and 17th Cen- 
 B - turies z) turies 
 
 17th and 18th Cen- 
 
 18th Century g § foal 
 
 SCHAFFHAUSEN | acl 
 Inspection oye 
 
 Inspection Paced Sik 
 
 Mark 
 RS 17th Century 
 
 ay 16th Century 
 VEVEY 
 
 17th-18th Century 
 Inspection Period 
 
 18th Century Mark 
 
 wy | 
 om a 
 y 
 
 16th and 17th Cen- 
 turies 
 
 Inspection Period 18th Century 
 
 Mark 
 16th Century 
 
 WINTERTHUR 
 
 sie salen Period 
 
 18th Century ey 18th Century 
 N 
 
 17th Century 
 
 av 1%, 
 Ar TAT 
 
386 Marks on Other Continental Plate 
 
 ZURICH—Continued. 
 
 Inspection 
 
 Inspection Destad Mark Period 
 
 1584 
 
 Early 17th Century 
 
 INN: 
 
 1620 
 
 17th Century 
 
 18th Century 
 
 oh ZURICH 
 Inspection 
 Period 
 neh 17th and 18th Cen- 
 
 turies 
 
 1563, 1564, 1565 
 
 qaya qQTNyaqagaic @ @ 
 
Marks on Other Continental Plate 
 
 BARCELONA CORDOVA 
 
 r i : I tt 
 cee Period Sie Pertod 
 15th Century +28 1gth and 16th Cen- 
 
 turies 
 
 LA CORUNA 
 
 16th and 17th Cen- I . 
 nspection 
 tury oe aE Period 
 
 16th Century 
 
 LEON 
 
 16th Century 
 
 vs tt 
 See ae Period 
 
 BURGOS 
 
 E a” Pent 
 
 MADRID 
 
 fi 
 ss i re Period 
 
 Unknown 
 
 18th Century 
 
 CALATAYUD MUNOZ 
 
 Inspection Inspection 
 Mark ee | MM ark sald 
 
 CAL Rathi 6th Century Aarnas Unknown 
 
Inspection 
 Mark 
 
 Marks on Other Counce! Plate 
 
 SARAGOSSA 
 Period 
 
 15th Century 
 
 16th Century 
 
 ef 
 
 Inspection 
 
 Mark 
 TOL 
 
CHAPTER XXIX 
 Old Sheffield Plate 
 
  & 4N 1743, Thomas Boulsover, of Sheffield, discovered a 
 “tf I % process of plating silver on copper. This was ninety 
  % « years before electroplating was invented. 
 
 It is important that Boulsover’s method—and his method was 
 followed for nearly a century—of making silver plate should be 
 understood in order to be able to distinguish real ‘“‘Old Sheffield 
 Plate” from the imitation. 
 
 An ingot of silver and an ingot of copper were filed and scraped 
 until two smooth surfaces were obtained. The size of the ingots 
 would depend upon the size of the plate required, which would 
 constitute the raw material for the subsequent processes. The 
 two prepared surfaces, after having been made chemically clean 
 by washing them in a weak solution of nitric acid, were firmly 
 pressed together so that they fitted quite evenly. In order thor- 
 oughly to unite the two faces, they were put under a powerful 
 hydraulic press. An additional copper plate was then placed on 
 the silver side of the ingot, but before doing so, either the silver or 
 copper face was painted with a preparation of chalk to keep the 
 third piece of metal from fusing to the silver piece—the protection 
 of the latter from the fire being the object of the introduction of 
 the cover piece of copper, which, of course, would be used over 
 and over again. 
 
 If it was intended to produce a piece of plated metal with 
 silver upon both sides, the ingot of copper would be placed be- 
 
 389 
 
390 Old Sheffield Plate 
 
 tween two pieces of silver, in which case the middle piece would 
 have to be cleaned upon both faces, while the two pieces of silver 
 would only have to be prepared on their opposing faces. In that 
 
 case, two protecting pieces of copper would have to be employed, — 
 each separated from the silver plates it was designed to protect — 
 by a coating of chalk. This precaution was necessary in order to | 
 
 prevent all five plates, or in the case of “single plate,” all three 
 
 plates, from fusing together. Where two plates of silver and one 
 
 plate of copper in between were employed, the resulting product 
 would be “double plate.” Where a single ingot of copper and a 
 single ingot of silver were fused together, the product was “ single 
 plate.” The metal plates were then bound together with iron wire, 
 and the edges where the silver and copper came in contact were 
 treated with a fluxing solution, usually borax. The composite 
 ingot was now ready for the fusing process and was placed in 
 a coke furnace and subjected to great heat until the sheet of silver 
 showed its molten condition by commencing to trickle down the 
 
 sides of the ingot. It was then removed from the furnace, cooled 
 
 and cleansed. It was then placed between rollers and rolled out > 
 
 into a sheet of the thickness of the walls of the vessel for the manu- 
 facture of which it was to be used. If the finished article was in- 
 tended to be a coffee pot, a portion of which would have to be 
 
 thinned by being subjected to a belling-out process, that circum- _ 
 
 stance would have to be considered in determining the thickness 
 of the silver and copper plate. | 
 
 This plated sheet of metal would now be used in precisely 
 the same way that a sheet of solid silver, or solid copper, would be 
 employed in the production of the finished article. It is important 
 
 to note that, when it became necessary to shear off the edges of - 
 
 the metal, a uniform appearance of surface would not be exposed 
 along the cut edge. In the case of double plate, a red line of 
 copper would show between two white lines of silver. It would be 
 
SaLap]D) at4aQy ays fo Ksajinory 
 
 ALWId LHSNI YHATIS HHL ONIMOHS AVUL ATHICHAHS GIO NV 
 
Old Sheffield Plate 391 
 
 necessary to mask this cut edge, and this necessity affords us the 
 first and most important test for distinguishing genuine “Old 
 Shefheld Plate’’ from a piece of electroplate. At the present time, 
 this situation could be met by either placing the entire article in 
 a silver-plating solution and by electrical action put in a slight 
 covering of silver over the entire piece, including the exposed edge, 
 or by the process of “‘sponging” silver on the exposed edge by the 
 use of a silver anode covered with a cloth saturated with a silver 
 solution and the use of the electric current. In the days of Old 
 Sheffield, however, electroplating being unknown, the maker of 
 rolled plate had to employ another method. He met the situation 
 in the very old days by making his silver ingot a trifle larger 
 than the copper one. This would give him a projecting silver flap, 
 which could be folded over the copper edge. This method, how- 
 ever, would only be practicable where the size of the ingot cor- 
 responded with the size of the finished article, for instance, a flat 
 dish, and was soon abandoned. Where the plate had to be cut in 
 irregular forms, the exposed edges were covered by a piece of 
 silver wire, which was soldered in place. In many cases, this silver 
 edge, called the “edge of poverty,” is plainly perceptible to the 
 eye and can be felt with the fingers. 
 
 Unfortunately, this “edge of poverty,” which we now look for 
 as desirable evidence of the genuine character of the article under 
 examination, was, before the days of silver plating, regarded as an 
 objectionable feature. Remember that ‘Old Sheffield Plate” was 
 supposed to take the place of solid silver, and any feature that 
 served to distinguish the substitute from the original was deemed 
 objectionable. The result was that, in the first quarter of the 
 Nineteenth Century, a process was invented which rendered the 
 “edge of poverty” almost invisible, so that the test suggested by 
 the foregoing is rather difficult of application to pieces of genuine 
 plate when produced at that late period. The use of a reading 
 
392 Old Sheffield Plate 
 
 glass or microscope will, however, enable one to discover the point 
 of union between the edge covering and the body of the article. 
 When it is attempted to take a sheet made of two separate 
 pieces of metal and work it into a very ornate and convoluted 
 surface, or a surface with sharp edges, it will be found that the 
 outer covering, which in this case would be the silver, would be 
 apt to crack and pull away from the metal below because the 
 superficies of the outer pieces of metal, where covering the curve, 
 
 or the angle, would be greater than the piece below. The makers — 
 
 of Sheffield Plate, therefore, found it more economical to take 
 thin sheets of silver and either hammer or stamp them into the 
 shapes desired. In the case of ornamentation, these pieces could 
 be soldered immediately upon the sides of the vessel to be deco- 
 rated. When decorated handles had to be applied, a piece of Shef- 
 
 field Plate could be used for the lower, plain surface section of 
 
 the handle, while the ornamented upper portion would be made 
 of silver. When put together, the hollow between the silver and 
 
 Sheffield Plate would be filled with a composition resembling — 
 
 solder. In the case of an electroplated article, the ornamental 
 handles would be cast of a solid piece of brass and then cleo tits 
 plated after having been attached to the body. | 
 
 This provides us with a second method of distinguishing “Old 
 Sheffield Plate” from a modern plated article. The ornamentation 
 upon the electroplated article, when scratched with a file, will 
 show a hard base metal underneath, In the case of Old Sheffield, 
 the ornamentation, being of silver, will be cut through with 
 much more difficulty and a soft metal backing will be disclosed 
 instead of hard brass or copper. The handle of genuine Sheffield 
 will disclose a line of union running along the middle from one 
 
 terminal of the handle to the other, and the upper or ornamented 
 
 portion will respond to the same tests as the decoration on the 
 
 body of the article. This line of union, of course, will be absent 
 
Old Sheffield Plate 393 
 
 in the case of a piece of electroplate, and a test with the file will 
 show the same inner body on the top and bottom of the handle. 
 Everything I have said about the handle will apply to other pro- 
 jecting parts of the article, for example, the feet and the finial 
 (knob) of a coffee-pot lid. 
 
 Boulsover’s invention was first applied to such articles as 
 harness buckles, and it was not until about the commencement 
 of the reign of George III (1760) that domestic articles were 
 manufactured in any quantity. 7 
 
 It was just at this period that the beauty of English solid silver 
 had reached its zenith, and for a number of years Old Sheffield 
 tea and coffee sets, candelabra, candlesticks, and trays, showed the 
 same beautiful simplicity and grace of outline. The Adam Broth- 
 ers influenced the designs in Sheffield as they did in silver, and 
 when the “Empire” fashions came into vogue (1800), both solid 
 silver and Sheffield Plate followed the ornate fashions set in 
 furniture. The worst examples of this period were produced in 
 the reign of George IV (1820-1830). As soon as Sheffield plating 
 showed that it could be adapted to the production of articles for 
 the table and for decoration, Sheffield Plate became fashionable 
 and popular. Enormous quantities were produced in the last 
 forty years of the Eighteenth Century. This means that a great 
 number of people were engaged in the industry. The manufacture 
 soon spread beyond Sheffield; in fact, the largest single factory, 
 the Soho Works, was located in Birmingham, under the man- 
 agement of Matthew Boulton, whose work is now valued as of 
 the highest quality. 
 
 As might be expected, there were a number of black sheep 
 among the makers of Old Sheffield Plate. The obvious way for 
 them to gouge the public was to reduce the thickness of the silver 
 ingot. This was done to such an extent that some of the rolled 
 plate was no thicker in silver than is now obtained by electrical 
 
394. Old Sheffield Plate 
 
 deposition. This accounts for the number of articles on the market 
 in an almost naked condition, which undoubtedly were at one 
 time Sheffield Plate. The idea that these pieces, now denuded 
 of their silver, have any value is a mistaken one. If the basic 
 work and the design were good, they might be silver plated and 
 be made of some value as electroplated silver. 
 
 Even the best pieces of Old Sheffield may show copper where 
 they have been subjected to extraordinary wear, or the piece has 
 been battered, in which case the silver will peel off as it would 
 have done had the manufacturer attempted to turn the plain 
 surface into a highly ornate one. The exposure of the copper is 
 called “bleeding,” and if very slight, is not detrimental to the 
 article. If it is so great as to militate against the appearance of 
 the piece, it should be taken to an expert and silver sponged on 
 the bare places. The reason I say it should be taken to an expert — 
 is that the ordinary silver-plating plants employ a solution of 
 pure silver and use a pure silver anode. Old Sheffield, to be 
 sponged properly, should be treated with a solution made of 
 sterling silver (i.e., a solution containing about 8 per cent. of 
 copper to 92 per cent. of silver) and a sterling silver anode. | 
 
 The reason for employing this method is that pure silver would 
 make a glaring white patch on the gray surface of the Sheffield. 
 The ingot of silver employed in the making of the sheet metal 
 contained only about 92 per cent. of silver, and this, with the 
 repeated annealing to which it is subjected while being hammered 
 into shape, accounts for the soft gray colour of the finished prod- 
 uct. This colour is approximated when a sterling silver bath 
 and anode are used. The Sheffield process, or rolled-plate process, 
 
 as it was then called, speedily became known in France, andin 
 
 a very short time the industry was established there, entirely 
 superseding the method known as “French plating,” which had 
 
 been in use since 1700. 
 
SA149]JIDE) FLAC) PYF fo &5aj4nory 
 
 COlddd 
 
 (dIyOT) YWALVI AHL AO ALVId 
 
 WS 
 
 Se 
 
 CH T1IOd ATHIAHAaHS 
 
 dO 
 
Old Sheffield Plate 395 
 
 In England, many of the rolled-plate makers had been cutlers; 
 in France, the manufacture of rolled plate was taken up, not by 
 the ordinary manufacturer, but by silversmiths, and their prod- 
 ucts were taken cognizance of by the authorities of the Gold- 
 smiths’ Guild (St. Eloi), who threw about the product the same 
 protection that they did about solid silver. The rules of the guild 
 provided that each piece must be stamped with the mark denoting 
 its quality; for instance, if the basic sheet were composed of nine 
 kilos of copper and one kilo of silver, it would be marked dixiéme, 
 but this term was abbreviated and represented by roe, 1ome, or 
 1om. Lower grades, or inferior grades, were marked 20me, 30me, 
 and 40 me. It is very doubtful if any manufacturer took advan- 
 tage of the provisions that enabled him to make the two lower 
 grades of rolled plate. Personally, the author has never seen 
 anything but dixiéme and vigntieme. The consequence of this 
 genesis of French rolled plate was that the product was much 
 more uniformly beautiful in design than that produced in England 
 by manufacturers without the esthetic training of the French 
 silversmiths, and was of more uniform good quality. It 1s very 
 rare, indeed, to see a piece even of vingtiéme showing the copper, 
 unless it be a piece that has been badly dented. Unfortunately, 
 French Sheffield is very rare. The pieces that have most often 
 come under my observation were made by the firm of Balain, 
 whose mark is a grasshopper or locust impaled upon a pin. 
 
 There are widespread misapprehensions concerning Old Shef- 
 field. These are due in a large measure to perusal of a number of 
 books that have been written by amateurs without any proper 
 or adequate basis of knowledge. They are also held by people 
 who think that knowledge upon a subject of this sort may be a 
 matter of intuition, and it is indeed difficult to eradicate views 
 that, no matter how erroneous, are regarded as a birthright. 
 
 A flagrant error in belief is that-Old Sheffield Plate is “hall- 
 
396 Old Sheffield Plate 
 
 marked.” Of course, a “hallmark” can only be affixed to solid 
 silver. A more excusable error is that all Sheffield markers put 
 their mark upon their products. As a matter of fact, a very large 
 proportion of the very finest pieces of Old Sheffield Plate are 
 absolutely devoid of marks. On the other hand, “fakes” are 
 abundantly marked, frequently with copies of two or more old 
 marks. One woman collector told the author that in her collec- 
 tion of Old Sheffield she had a number of pieces manufactured by 
 FE. P. N. S. This is as if one had said her favourite author was 
 “Mr. Anonymous.” E. P. N. S. means electroplate on nickel 
 silver. It was and is employed by a great number of manufactur- 
 ers in order to give the public an honest and an accurate descrip- 
 tion of their wares. | 
 
 Another misconception concerns the presence or absence of the 
 silver inset plate or shield so often found on the sides of wine 
 coolers, dish covers, in the centre of trays, and on the margins of 
 platters. The popular belief is that these pure silver shields (the 
 fact that these are pure silver makes them conspicuous against 
 the darker background of Sheffield Plate) denote an extra fine 
 quality of Old Sheffield; in fact, some collectors refuse to pur- 
 chase pieces that are not so distinguished. A brief consideration 
 of the reason for this innovation (the first inset shield was about 
 1810) will lead one to a different conclusion. The earlier Sheffield 
 Plate was purposely made with a silver skin so thick that a careful 
 engraver could put on a crest, coat of arms, monogram, or in- 
 scription without cutting through to the copper. It occurred to 
 some genius that the old process was an extravagant one, as the 
 piece would be engraved only in one or two places, and in order 
 to provide for that, the silver plate was devised. The only reason 
 for its employment is that the article, except where the plate 
 appears, is too thinly covered with silver to stand engraving. 
 Fortunately, the situation is saved in some measure by the fact 
 
Old Sheffield Plate 397 
 
 that manufacturers of very fine Sheffield found that some of their 
 customers considered the inset plate decorative and followed the 
 fashion without any noticeable depreciation in the quality of 
 their output. As a rule, however, the silver inset plate must be 
 regarded as evidence of inferior quality of plating but not of 
 workmanship. People without the knowledge requisite to identify 
 Old Sheffield Plate find the inset plate a convenient signpost. 
 Those who restrict their collections to articles thus made will 
 voluntarily shut themselves out of the best market. 
 
 Very early in the history of the manufacture of rolled plate, 
 a number of manufacturers applied the process, with suitable 
 changes, to the coating of articles of steel, such as knives and 
 forks. In some cases, large spoons and skewers made of pot metal 
 or britannia ware were “‘close-plated.” 
 
 Britannia metal was an alloy, used, notably, by the great 
 Sheffield firm of Thomas Dixon & Sons. Dixon & Sons came late 
 on the scene. They were established in 1810 and thirty years later 
 were among the first to adopt the new process of electroplating. 
 They used as a base an alloy which they stamped “Britannia.” 
 Unfortunately, this was not a stable or static compound. For 
 some reason, probably galvanic action set up by the proximity 
 of different metallic elements, or perhaps merely oxidation, this 
 metal has with the effuxion of time become porous and rotten. 
 When the mutable character of the alloy became apparent, it was 
 abandoned, and bell-metal, called “nickel silver,” was,employed 
 —an alloy of nickel, copper, and tin and a very small proportion 
 of zinc or antimony; the formula is variable but always adapted 
 to produce a hard yellow metal. This makes such an admirable 
 base that in England it has almost entirely superseded copper, and 
 it is this metal, when plated, that is properly stamped E. P. N.S. 
 
 Old Sheffield is nearly always upon copper. Brass, however, 
 has sometimes been employed. Many of the pieces of so-called 
 
398 Old Sheffield Plate 
 
 ““Shefhield”’ on the market consist of a cast base electroplated. ; 
 
 The old Sheffield pieces, of course, were hammered out by hand, 
 except as to the mounts and handles, which were stamped and 
 backed as I have described. Where a casting is employed, the 
 use of a microscope will disclose a rather perous-looking sur- 
 face—a feature, of course, that is entirely absent from a piece of 
 metal that has been subjected to much hammenaes in the course 
 of manufacture. 
 
 The reader who wishes to learn every detail of the manufacture 
 of Old English Sheffield should peruse Mr. Frederick Bradbury’s 
 masterly work, History of Old Sheffield Plate. It is the only authori- 
 tative book upon that subject. Mr. Bradbury’s ancestors were 
 
 prominent makers of rolled plate in the Eighteenth Century, and 
 the firm has had a continued existence from then until the present — 
 
 day, when it still occupies the foremost position among Sheffield 
 silversmiths. 
 
 - | have said that many of the handsomest and most valle , 
 
 pieces of Old Sheffield are unmarked. That is not the result of 
 chance alone. Prior to 1773, some eighteen makers of rolled plate 
 
 in Sheffield and Birmingham—by no means all of the manufac- 
 
 turers in those cities—used marks. In that year, the law establish- 
 ing an assay office in Sheffield struck at certain manufacturers of 
 plated ware whose marks resembled hall marks, by prohibiting 
 the striking of a letter or letters on articles made of metal, plated 
 or covered with silver. Ten years later, in 1784, a law was passed 
 which enabled the platers who were engaged in trade in Sheffield, 
 or within a hundred miles thereof, to impress their goods with 
 
 their names “together with any mark, figure, or device at the end 
 of the name, such figure not being an assay office device for ster- 
 
 ling silver or in imitation thereof.” Such mark or marks must be 
 approved and registered by the assay authorities. 3 
 
 During the intervening decade, no marks had been affixed to 
 
spuejs pure sdue| UIIM SJOLUIBM G| 
 
 GOIWHd FHYIdNA AHL HO QWINHHHS HONHYH AO SH Id NV Xd 
 
 Sadayjoy) 24Q— 9y2 fo Ksa4noy 
 
 Re ahi’; 
 
Old Sheffield Plate 399 
 
 Old Sheffield Plate, and that happens to have been the most 
 prolific decade in the history of the industry. It was also the best 
 period from an artistic standpoint. 
 
 It should be noted that, under the law of 1784, it was not obliga- 
 tory for the maker to mark his wares, and he must not do so 
 without registration. There was a penalty of £100 for any viola- 
 tion of the statute. 
 
 Sixteen makers registered their marks in 1784, and many did 
 not; so that we cannot say with certainty that any unmarked 
 piece was made before 1784. However, that fact, coupled with the 
 design of the piece—fashions were closely followed by silversmiths 
 and Sheffield Plate makers—does enable one very often to fix 
 the period of manufacture with reasonable certainty. 
 
 In 1785, seven Sheffield makers registered. One or two each 
 year added their marks and names to the official list until 1807, 
 when, for some reason, eighteen Birmingham manufacturers of 
 rolled plate recorded their marks at the Sheffield assay office. 
 Between 1808 and 1836 (both years inclusive), fifty-five Birming- 
 ham and nineteen Sheffield firms or individuals recorded their 
 marks. No marks have been entered since. 
 
 It should be carefully noted that some of the marks put on old 
 Sheffield have been used upon electroplate after the rolled-plate 
 maker had changed his product as the result of the invention of 
 electroplating. The crossed arrows (T. & J. Creswick) is an 
 example. It is now used by Hutton & Company, successors to the 
 old firm, on electroplate. 3 
 
 Frequently, on a piece of Old Sheffield, one will find marks 
 other than a maker’s mark. It may be of one or more letters, 
 figures, or a symbol, such as a sun or two concentric circles. These 
 are workmen’s marks. Sometimes workmen would leave one fac- 
 tory and go to another, so that we find the identical workmen’s 
 mark upon pieces of different makers. 
 
CHAPTER XXX 
 Sheffield Platers and Their Marks 
 
 APPROXIMATE DATES OF THE MANUFACTURERS’ EARLIEST CONNECTION WITH 
 THE FUSED PLATE INDUSTRY PREVIOUS TO 1773 
 
 Name of Firm. 
 
 Bonlsover Thomas... 
 
 Hancock Joseph 
 
 Smith Nathaniel 
 
 Law Thomas 
 
 Tudor & Leader 
 
 Fenton Matthew&Co 
 
 Unidentified 
 Unidentified 
 Unidentified 
 
 Hoyland John & Co. 
 Boulton & Fothergill 
 
 Roberts Jacob’ & 
 Samuel 
 
 Winter John & Co. 
 Morton Richard 
 
 Rowbotham J. & Co. 
 Ashforth, Ellis & Co 
 
 Ryland William 
 
 Littlewood J. 
 
 Maket’s Marks. 
 
 No Mark Traced. 
 
 TOS" HANCOCK 
 SHEFFIELD. 
 
 TH 
 
 (@ TH? LAW & 
 Bi LAW Bre 
 
 KH T&EO° 
 
 SEE 
 VV 
 
 ES >) 
 TOTO Ti 
 
 G2 G2 Be GR 
 
 8 Ww oG 
 @ ki © 
 
 i Gp OG 
 
 £0 £3 £8 
 GONGoe 
 
 na @ 
 
 No Mark Traced. 
 
 > piatey 
 
 t 
 
 Date. 
 
 1743 
 
 T/55 
 
 1756 
 
 1758 
 
 1705 
 
 1765 
 
 1768 
 
 1770 
 
 1770 
 
 1772 
 
 Location. 
 
 Sheffield, 
 
 Sheffield, Union Street--| Cutler, and maker of 
 
 High Street 
 
 Sheffield, Waingate 
 
 Sheffield, Baker's Hill 
 
 Sheffield, Sycamore 
 Works 
 
 Sheffield, Mulberry St... 
 
 Sheffield 
 
 Sheffield 
 
 Sheffield 
 
 Sheffield, Union Street... 
 
 Birmingham 
 
 Sheffield, Pond Hill 
 
 Sheffield ... 
 
 Sheffield, Brinsworth 
 - Orchard 
 
 Sheffield, Norfolk Street 
 
 Sheffield, Holy Croft 
 
 Birmingham 
 
 * Marks used on plated and silver cutlery. 
 ¢ It is only presumed that these marks were used by this firm, 
 
 400 
 
 Norfolk Siveet 
 
 .| Cutler. 
 
 ...| Silver Cutler & makers 
 
 .| Plate manufacturers 
 
 .| Silver and Plated Cutlery 
 
 .| Silver and Plate manu- 
 
 .| Cutlers and Plate manu- 
 .| Plater. 
 
 Sheffield, Westbar Green 
 
 Trade Description. 
 
 Cutler, Button and Box 
 maker. 
 
 Plated Hollow-ware. 
 
 of Plated Hollow-ware 
 and Candlesticks 
 
 Silver and Plate manu- 
 facturers, 
 
 Do. 
 
 Do. 
 
 Do, 
 
 Silver and Plate manu- 
 facturers. 
 
 Do. 
 
 manufacturers 
 
 facturers. 
 
 Do. 
 
 Do. 
 
 facturers. 
 
 Plater and Silversmith. 
 
Sheffield Platers and Their Marks AOI 
 
 EXTRACTS FROM LISTS OF ee FROM “SKETCHLEY’S SHEFFIELD 
 
 DIRECTORY,” 
 
 NO MARKS LEGALISED ON PLATED ARTICLES, “ACCORDING TO THE ACT 1773 
 
 0 ee CREE 
 
 Name of Firm. 
 
 Bunbury Thomas .. 
 
 Elliott Thomas 
 Ellis Thomas 
 
 Fenton, Creswick & 
 Co. 
 
 Greaves Johanadab 
 
 Hoyland John & Co. 
 Kirk Joseph... 
 
 Margreave, Marsden 
 & Brocklesby 
 
 Marsden William ... 
 
 Morton Thomas 
 
 Morton Richard & 
 Co. 
 
 Rowbotham John & 
 Co. 
 
 Tonks William 
 
 Tudor & Leader 
 
 Wilson Joseph 
 
 Winter, Parsons & 
 Hall 
 
 Boulton Matthew ... 
 
 Ryland Wm, 
 
 Name of Firm. 
 
 Boulton Matthew ... 
 
 Ryland William . .. 
 
 No Maker’s Marks Used. 
 
 Sheffield, Norfolk Lane 
 
 No Maker's Marks Used, 
 
 Birmingham — 
 
 Location. 
 
 Do. John Lane 
 Do. Norfolk Street 
 
 Do. Mulberry Street 
 
 Do. Church Lane 
 
 Do. Union Street 
 
 Do. at the Wheat Sheaf, 
 Waingate 
 
 Do. above the Town 
 
 Head Crofts 
 Do. White Croft... 
 Do. New Church Street 
 
 Do. Fargate 
 
 Do. Norfolk Street 
 
 Do. West Bar Green 
 
 Do. Sycamore Hill 
 
 Do. Highfield 
 
 Do. High Street... 
 
 Birmingham, Soho Works 
 
 Birmingham 
 
 Location. 
 
 ae 
 
 Birmingham, Soho Works __ ... 
 
 Trade Description. 
 
 ...| Silversmith. 
 
 .| Silversmith. 
 .| Silver Plater. 
 
 | Silver & Plated manufacturers. 
 
 .| Plated Snuff Box maker. 
 
 | Platers, Refiners, Button and 
 
 Box makers. 
 
 Silversmith. 
 
 Silver and Bristol Stone Sleeve 
 Button makers. 
 
 ...| Plater. 
 
 Plater. 
 
 | Platers & Silver Manufacturers. 
 
 .| Silversmiths and Platers, 
 
 | Plated Buckle and Spur maker. | 
 
 | Silver & Plated manufacturers 
 
 of Pitchers; Coffee Pots, 
 Candlesticks, Tureens, 
 Waiters, &c. 
 
 | Silversmith, Plater, Saw maker, 
 
 Tobacco and Snuff manufac- 
 turer. 
 
 : Silversmiths and Platers. 
 
 — 
 
 | Silversmith and Plater. 
 
 .| Plater. 
 
 (FROM BIRMINGHAM DIRECTORY FOR THE YEAR 1777.) 
 
 Trade Description. 
 
 Silver and Plate manufacturer. 
 
 ves) Plater. 
 
AND eben a SOURCES, 1781 
 
 Name of Firm. No Maker's Marks Used. ; Location. 
 
 Allen Thomas Bar are ey vee eee Sheffield, Bailey Street 
 
 Ashforth, Ellis & Co.| ... mre Fea ne 
 
 Burdett John a Mee Caine ae Eee gt te Do Pea Croft 
 
 Henfrey John wel elas ok oa 3 
 
 Henfrey Samuel ...| ... Ate i in Do, Spring Street 
 
 Holy Daniel & Co. ws}. «.. mie ne as Do, Norfolk Street 
 
 Kippax & Nowill ...| ... he 5 ik ... | Sheffield, (Nowill & Siptanes 
 High Street in 1787) i 
 
 Law Thomas @ Cdiccl 0 oi ee | Shetiiel, Norfolk Street 
 
 Pittlowodd Foun) sid 2-406 Yap yaup eae Do. | Westbar Green: 
 
 Madin & Trickett ...} ... ac tee ne Do. Farfield, near | 
 Mappih Jonathan ...J) ... a. ae vee Do. Fargate 
 Roberts, Eyre: Cob - a0" aaa et eee Do, —_ Union Street... 
 
 Rowbotham John ...| ac. us sao) Des = Morfoll Steases 
 
 Sykes John & Dennis} ... wis a wee fale 2D, 
 Peo <i Sanaa Se so es oS ek ee Do. Sycamore Hitt 
 Winter, Parsons & ney a Dae oleae Do. Market Place tie 
 Hall ‘ica 
 Withers Benjamin hae, dan aaa eae Do.  Pinstone Cross Lan 
 & Co. ar ae 
 'Youtge, Greaves .@ 0" 5). 3 a ke ee Do. Union Street... | 
 Hoyland Pee | u 
 
 bpomes CYCSWIEK Qari cee ae oi ; Do. Se Street ¢ 
 oO. aes ae 
 
 Boulton & Fothergill| ... ane is Pe bowie Soho Works and 
 toa Green Lettice Lane, Cannon 
 Street. hanson: ae 
 
 Ryland William ics hi ee be aa Birmingham : 
 
 a oe ea a eet ee or, ene TO Eee ee ae a ca Og gf wet RN ey ae See cary ie en 9 eri eal sg vee nen ee an 
 
Sheffield Platers and Their Marks 
 
 403 
 
 LIST OF MAKERS AND MARKS USED BY MANUFACTURERS OF FUSED PLATED AND CLOSE 
 PLATED ARTICLES AFTER THE PASSING OF THE ACT OF 1784. 
 
 The words “close plater,”’ given in this list, signify that the makers so described made articles plated on 
 
 iron or steel. Marks struck on close plated articles can usually be identified by the splitting up or duplicating 
 
 in various ways of the makers’ names, initials, and devices, forming separate shields as BOG and 
 > ) > Pp 
 
 WISEOE Different forms of the letters s and p. s. were used to denote steel, or plated steel. The dates re- 
 
 corded are the earliest that can be traced of firms using their marks. The trade descriptions are taken from old 
 © 
 
 manuscripts, ledgers and directories. Where a § is fixed against a device it signifies that this mark was not 
 
 registered at the Sheffield Assay Office. The abbreviation “s. Mm.” (in trade description) signifies Britannia 
 
 Metal. 
 
 Name of Firm. 
 Ashforth G. & Co. 
 Fox T. & Co. 
 Green W. & Co. ... 
 Holy D., Wilkinson & Co. 
 Law T. & Co.... 
 Parsons J. & Co. ... 
 smith N. & Co: ... 
 Staniforth, Parkin & Co. 
 
 Sykes & Co. 
 
 Tudor, Leader & Nichol- 
 
 son 
 
 Boulton M. & Co. 
 
 Dixon T. & Co. . 
 
 Holland H. & Co. 
 
 Moore J. ... es oe 
 
 Smith & Co. 
 
 Maker's Marks. Date. Location. Trade Description. 
 NaN o 1784 | Sheffield, Angel Street Platers and Silversmiths 
 1784 Do. Do. do. 
 1784 Do. Eyre Street Do. do. 
 1784 Do. Mulberry Street | Do. do. 
 PTD LAW oc 1784 Do. Norfolk Street ... Do, do. 
 1784 Do. Market Place Do. do. 
 IN oniTH ace 1784 Do. Waingate Do. do. 
 1784 Do. .. Platers and Cutlers 
 noe 1784 Do. Pinstone Lane ...| Platers and Silver Cutlers 
 1784 Do. Sycamore Hill ...| Platers and Silversmiths 
 ts he 
 1784 | Birmingham, Soho Works Do. do. 
 BOULTON 2% 
 DIXON &C°3E 1784 | Birmingham Platers 
 HOLLAND &C° a 1784 Do. ae .| Platers and Silversmiths 
 R) R § 1784 Do. Plater and Silversmith 
 MOORE () 
 A ; 
 SMITH&C° a 1784- Do. rs Haters: 
 
 § Unregistered marks. 
 
404 Sheffield Platers and Their Marks 
 
 Name of Firm. Maker’s Marks. Date. Location. . Trade Description. 
 Beldon, Hoyland & Co... 1785 | Sheffield ... ... «| Platers and Silversmiths 
 Brittain, Wilkinson & BRITTAIN WILKIN'S 1785 Do. eee tee as Do. do. 
 
 Brownill IN & BROWNILL 
 
 ; : ain 
 
 | Deakin, Smith & Co, oo FR oecpee 1785 Do. Hawley Croft ...| Do. do. 
 Love J. & Co. ... pa Re Chit 1785 Do. Pea Croft whe Do. do. 
 (Love, Silverside, 
 Darby & Co.) 
 Morton R. & Co, = 1785 Do. Brinsworth ... Do. do. 
 : Orchard 
 Roberts, Cadman & Co, 8 1785 Do. Eyre Street — ...| Do. do. 
 Roberts J. & S. ... Sh 1786 Do. Union Street Do. do. 
 SutclifleR.& Co. —«. @) 1786 Do. King Street Do. do. 
 8) 
 
 Bingley W. fW.BINGLEY,~* } 1787 | Birmingham ...  ..| Plater 
 Madin F. & Co. ... 1788 | Sheffield, Far Field ...| Platers and Silversmiths 
 Jervis W. rf 1789 | Do, | White Croft ...| Plater and Silversmith 
 Colmore S, ees eis § 1790 | Birmingham ot «| Plater 
 Goodwin E. 1794 | Sheffield, The Park ...| Plater and Silversmith 
 Watson, Fenton & Brad- 
 
 bury 
 Froggatt, Coldwell & FROGGATT 1797 Do. Eyre Street, ...| Platers, Silversmiths; & 
 
 Lean COL BWECL BLES B.M. manufacturers — 
 
 Green J. & Co. ... 
 
 *) 1799 Do. MarketPlace ...| Platers and Silversmiths — 
 
 Platers, Silversmiths and 
 Factors 
 
 Close Plater 
 
 Goodman, Gainsford & 
 Fairbairn 
 
 Ellerby W. ade ses 
 
 oars 1800 Do.. 18, Hawley Croft 
 (50 Gd GES ES} §| 1803 | London .. 
 
 Garnett W. are Plater 
 
 TWAT SON&C | PERER 1795 Do. » Mulberry Street | Platers and Silversmiths 
 1803 | Sheffield, Bridge Houses... 
 
 Holy D., Parker & Co. ... 1804 Do. Mulberry Street | Platers and Silversmiths — 
 
 DAN HOLY *« 
 PARKER & CS 
 
 * Green, Roberts, Moseley & Co. This firm commenced from this date to use the mark formerly struck 
 by their predecessors J. Parsons & Co, 
 § Unregistered marks. 
 
 eee 
 
Drabble I. & Co. 
 
 gi 
 
 . eee 
 
 till D. & Co. ... 
 
 jek Son ... 
 
 see 
 
 eee 
 
 nee 
 
 eee 
 
 \ 
 
 RYLAND zs 
 
 Sheffield Platers and Their Marks 
 
 Maker’s Marks. 
 
 R.LAW. 3 
 
 1:-LIN I-LLN 
 | GED GE 
 LIN tLIN 
 WwooD ‘WwOOD 
 
 Suen 
 En 
 
 ++ 
 
 Nye 
 Bema §/ 
 
 THOMASON O& 
 
 TONKS OU 
 
 ‘ious to this date this mark was used by D. Holy, Wilkinson & Co. 
 
 . + Tudor & Co. having retired from business in 1804, this would appear to be a re-registration of their mark 
 & Son at the Sheffield Assay Office in 1807, 
 
 . 
 
 § 
 
 405 
 
 Date Location. Trade Description, 
 
 1804 Sheffield, The Moor -..| Platers 
 
 1805 Do, Eyre Street Platers and Silversmiths 
 
 1806 Do. do. _...| Plater, &c. 
 
 1806 Birmingham ay ...| Close Platers 
 
 1807 Sheffield ... ae ...| Platers 
 
 1807. | Birmingham Close Plater 
 
 1807 Do. one Do. 
 
 1807 Do. : Do. 
 
 1807 Do. me Do. 
 
 1807 Do. S Do. 
 
 1807 Do. me Do. 
 
 1807 Do. A é Do. 
 
 1807 Do. we aa Do. 
 
 1807 Do. aoe Platers, Close Platers 
 
 and Silversmiths 
 
 1807 Do. eg ...| Close Plater 
 
 1807 Do. a 3 Do. 
 
 1807 Do. wee ..-| Close Platers, &c. 
 Plater 
 
 1807 | Do. Bromsgrove Rd. 
 
Ast 2% ac : es 
 4 . . r, ee ad ie <p 
 406 Sheffield Platers and Their Marks 
 
 Name of Firm. Maker's Marks. Date. Location. 
 Waterhouse & Co... WATERHOUSE 8C}- >| 1807 | Birmingham... 
 88098 | 7 
 Wilmore Joseph ve ‘ en 3  §| 1807 Do. ae 
 ; eee 
 Gainsford R. .. ivi 1808 | Sheffield ... — i “ e 
 Hatheli Mi vay eacr oe. A000 1808 Do. Pepper Alley ...| Close P 
 : BANI pean 2 nc a 
 Banister W.__... eos 1808 | Birmingham von. +. Sepa Mean 
 a S35) | Sy 
 Gibbs G. mes ea Ta GS 1808 Do. va 
 : 7 
 Hipkiss J. ag mY HIPKISS 1808 Do. Sa 
 Horton’ D. Sean 1808 | Do. Bes 
 Lea A. on eee een EACLEA "YC" 1808 Do. . ; ete 
 Linwood M. & Sons «.. yin y 1808 Do. 
 : Nicholds J. ek ee Py 1808 Do. 13, Foredrough | Maker | 
 fRIEEES eee ie 
 Beldon G. eee eeu 1809 Sheffield eG 4 2s ze 
 Wright J. & Fairbaim G. Falneain , Hog: | Do. | 7 
 Cheston T. eee eee bdo” 1809 | Birmingham — ree 
 Harrison J. —.. cae Sones 1809 Do. as 
 Hipwood W. eee eee eopey? 1809 Do. Ni eee 
 : Horton J. erates 1809 | Do, § oe 
 : SUi Re us ce sae en B0ACO 1809 | Do. 
 Howard S. & T.... BAe Oe § 1809 | London ... asad me 
 fa ( ara\ 8 : by th Fee 
 2 ; ; Py i ae 
 | Smith, Tate, Nicholson a 1810 | Sheffield, Arundel Street. 
 & Hoult iss 
 i DunnG.B. ... oe 1810 | Birmingham... $ ee 
 : § Unregistered marks, 
 
Sheffield Platers and Their Marks 
 
 Name of Firm. | Maker's Marks. 
 
 Hanson M. awe ei ped | 
 Pimley S. BS BS 
 
 | eS 
 
 Creswick T. & J. 
 
 Watson, Pass & Co. (late 
 J. Watson) 
 
 Lees G. ... oe aS Bao 
 
 Pearson R. ees 
 
 White J. (White & All- 
 
 good) 
 
 Kirkby S.. EAE ie Fees KIRKBY = 
 
 Allgood J. : fly 
 
 Allport E. HR) 
 ( CABpS 
 
 Gilbert J. : 
 
 86 
 Hinks J. THINKS] 
 
 Johnson J. sea ale 
 
 Small T. ... SMALL * 
 Smith W. 
 
 Younge S. & C. & Co. ... 
 
 Thomas S., ae p 
 Tyndall J. TXN |@ 
 Best H. .. Boesoll 
 Cracknall J oe das CRACK 
 
 Jordan T. 
 
 zi 
 (aa G mm §* 
 
 + 
 
 1810 
 
 1810 
 
 1811 
 
 1811 
 
 1811 
 
 1811 
 
 1811 
 
 I811 
 
 1812 
 
 1812 
 
 1812 
 
 1812 
 
 1812 
 
 1812 
 
 1812 
 
 1812 
 
 1813 
 
 1813 
 
 1813 
 
 1814 
 
 1814 
 
 1814 
 
 Location. 
 
 407 
 
 Trade Description. 
 
 Birmingham 
 Do. 
 Sheffield, Porter Street 
 
 Duke St., Park 
 
 Do. 
 
 Do. Hartshead 
 Birmingham 
 
 Do. Princes Street ... 
 
 Do. 
 
 Sheffield, Carver Lane 
 
 Birmingham, Essex Street 
 
 Do. Cannon Street ... 
 Do. Legge Street 
 Do. 
 
 Do. New Inkleys 
 
 Do. 
 
 Do. 
 
 Sheffield, Union Street ... 
 
 .| Close Plater 
 
 .| Close Plater 
 
 Platers and Silversmiths 
 
 Close Plater 
 
 Platers and Silversmiths 
 
 ., Fancy Plater 
 
 Plater in general 
 
 Platers and Military 
 Ornament makers 
 
 Plater and Silversmith 
 
 ...| Jeweller 
 
 Close Plater 
 
 Do. 
 
 Do. 
 
 Plater and maker of 
 Plated articles 
 
 ..| Sword Hilt maker and 
 
 Steel worker 
 
 Plater in general and 
 Japanner 
 
 and Button 
 maker 
 
 Platers and Silversmiths 
 
 Birmingham, 45, Thorp-st. «Close Plater 
 
 Do. Moseley St. 
 Do. Great Charles-st. 
 Do. 
 Do. 
 
 Do. 
 Do. 
 
 Plate maker, Table and 
 Tea Spoons, Sugar 
 Tongs, Caddie Shells, 
 &c. 
 
 Close Plater 
 
 * Found on close plated goods, the initials are also found on silver goods 
 § Unregistered marks. 
 
 + Found on close plated goods, 
 
408 Sheffield Platers and Their Marks 
 
 Name of Firm. Maker’s Marks. . Date. 
 
 Lilly John bes oor 
 
 Woodward W. ... : 1814 
 H 
 
 LILLY Gy 18i5 
 Best & Wastidge + BEST OY 1816 
 Ashley... BA sacs Ley a 1816 
 Davis J. 1816 
 Evans S. [S-EVANS ——@4 1816 
 Freeth H. 816 
 
 lm © <on*s 
 
 Harwood T. Ba D 1) 1816 
 
 13 
 Lilly Joseph IJOSMLILLY S| 1816 
 Turley S. 's-TURLEY:(f) 1816 
 Cope C. G. . 1817 
 
 Pemberton & Mitchell ... soggy 1817 
 
 Shephard J. SHEP. @ 1817 
 
 PHARD 
 
 Markland W. ... et 
 
 Corn J. & J. Sheppard... 
 
 1819 
 ROGERS 2 1819 
 
 es 
 
 Rogers J. sia = 
 
 Hall W. ... ty « oe 
 
 eee § ”” 
 Moore F. 1820 
 TUR QY 
 Turton J. os 1820 
 
 Qa g 
 
 * These marks were probably used at a later date, 
 
 W- MARKLAND*@e 1818 — 
 
 Location, 
 
 Birmingham, Bishopgate 
 
 Street 
 
 Birmingham, St. Paul’s 
 
 Square 
 
 Sheffield 
 
 Trade Description. 
 Close Plater 
 
 Close Plater and Military 
 Ornament maker 
 
 .| Platers 
 
 ' Birmingham aa 
 
 Upper Priory ... 
 
 Edmond Street 
 
 Exeter Row 
 
 New Street 
 
 aoe eee 
 
 William Street ... 
 
 Do. 
 
 .| Japanner 
 
 .| Maker of Plated articles 
 _ Plater 
 
 es Close Plater 
 
 ..| Plater and maker of 
 
 Curbs, Spoons, &c, 
 
 .| Plater and maker of 
 
 plated articles 
 Do. do, 
 
 .| Jewellers,, Silversmiths, 
 Clock 
 
 Watch and 
 makers 
 
 .| Maker of Plated Coach 
 
 Harness, Furniture, 
 Bits, Stirrups, Knives 
 and Snuffers 
 
 .| Maker of Plated S Ss, 
 
 Torgs, Caddie Shells, 
 Tea Canisters, Soup, 
 Toddy. and Punch 
 Ladles,Teapots, Sugar 
 Basins, Cake, Fruit 
 and Bread Baskets, 
 Plated Saddle Nails, 
 
 &e. 
 .| Close Platers 
 
 .| Harness Plater 
 
 Close Plater 
 
 Fancy Plater 
 
 8, Church Street — Plater and maker 
 re) 
 
 fused Plated Tea 
 
 Spoons and Tongs 
 
 § Unregistered marks, 
 
 ist eel oY . 
 
 eee ee 
 
 vee ae 
 
 int 
 
 Pas es ee See ee ee 
 
 a ee gees oe ee 
 
 Se a? | 
 
Name of Firm. 
 
 Blagden, Hodgson & Co. 
 
 Holy D. & G. 
 Needham C, 
 Sansom T. & Sons 
 Child T. ... 
 
 South 1. 4... 
 
 Worton S. 
 
 Rodgers J. & Sons 
 
 Bradshaw ]. 
 Briggs W. 
 Harrison G. 
 Smallwood J. 
 Causer J. F. 
 Jones... 
 
 Tonks & Co. 
 Roberts, Smith & Co. .. 
 
 Smith J. & Son .. 
 Askew ’ 
 
 Hall Henry 
 aS i 
 
 Watson J. & Son 
 
 Sheffield Platers and Their Marks 
 
 Maker’s Marks. 
 
 uO 
 HOLY Sxc’ 
 SHEFFIELD )~ 
 
 C NEEDHAM 
 SH TELD 
 
 eon 
 cme 
 
 ota 
 
 Ps WORTON S 
 Boyes 
 90060 
 
 ROD + 
 GERS.. 
 
 Moegwe 
 
 cupene 
 {| Ges 
 
 &2. 
 CAUSER %& 
 
 | © 
 
 NOTTINGHAM 
 7 G3 023 ES 
 
 a © &) 
 
 § Unregistered marks, 
 
 cat 
 
 § 
 § 
 § 
 § 
 
 On 
 
 § 
 § 
 § 
 § 
 
 § 
 
 Date. 
 
 1821 
 
 1821 
 
 1821 
 
 1821 
 
 1821 
 
 1821 
 
 1821 
 
 1822 
 
 1822 
 
 1823 
 
 1823 
 
 1823 
 
 1824 
 
 1824 
 
 1824 
 
 1828 
 
 * Mark used on plated handled cutlery on steel blade is stamped 
 
 Location. 
 
 Sheffield, Nursery Street... 
 
 Do. Mulberry Street 
 
 Do. 
 Birmingham 
 Da. 
 Do. Near the. Five 
 
 Ways 
 
 Sheffield, Norfolk Street... 
 
 Birmingham, 3, Goff St.... 
 Sheffield, Carver Street .. 
 Birmingham 
 Do. 
 Do. 
 
 4, Nicholson St. 
 
 Do. Show room, New 
 
 Street 
 
 Birmingham 
 Sheffield, 5, Eyre Street ... 
 
 Do. Arundel Street... 
 Nottingham 
 
 Birmingham, 51, Shad- 
 well Street 
 
 Birmingham 
 
 Sheffield 
 
 Sheffield,’ Willey Street ... 
 
 ...| Plater and Pawnbroker 
 
 .| Close Plater and Har- 
 
 .| Close Platers 
 
 .| Maker of Plated Tan- 
 
 409 
 
 Trade .Description. 
 
 Platers and Silversmiths 
 
 Do. ‘do 
 
 Maker of. Plated Tan- 
 kards and Measures 
 
 Maker of Plated goods 
 
 ness Buckle maker 
 
 Close Plater 
 
 Cutlers, Silver Cutlers 
 and Factors 
 
 Close Plater 
 Silversmith and Plater 
 Close Plater 
 
 Do. 
 Merchant and Factor 
 
 Gold and Silversmith, 
 Medallist, &c. 
 
 Platers and Silversmiths 
 
 Cutlers and Silversmiths 
 
 kards and Measures 
 
 Close Plater 
 
 Do. 
 
 Platers and Silversmiths 
 
 “D. & G. HOLY, 
 SHEFFIELD." 
 
410 ~—«She field Platers 
 
 Name of Firm. Maker's Marks. =| _~—Datd. 
 
 Bishop Thomas... Br) ty ER} «§|_s«1830 
 
 Location. 
 
 Birmingham, 24, St. 
 ac > i aera 
 
 Hutton W. o55 Cals Sheffield’ ... 
 
 *) 1831 
 
 Atkin Henry ... §| 1833 Do. 32, Howard St....|. 
 
 Waterhouse I. & I. & Co. 1833 
 
 Sheffield... 
 
 WWATSON 
 
 Wi tea We tins MAKER §] 1833 Do. 15, Arundel Stree 
 SHEFFIELD (until 1812 part- | 
 ner in firm of 
 | DI! 8 § Watson & Brad- 
 bury) | 
 meDsS § 
 ixin') $| 
 
 Do. Cornish Place ...| M 
 
 _ Dixon J. & Sons ve 1835 
 Smith J. Ac §} 1836 | Do. 48, South Street 
 Waterhouse, Hatfield & 1836 Do. Portobello Place | 
 Co, Rook ey a) 
 Wilkinson H. & Co. ... i 1836 Do. Norfolk Str : Ps NG 
 
 Hutton W. a mes 2) 2) t 1837 Do. 
 Hutton W. ae ae tH &| | 1839 Do. 
 Boece § 
 Prime J; mes a o@ & g SS 1839 .| Birmingham ts 
 Bea § - 
 Bae 3s . 
 Walker, Knowles & Co. S| § 1840 | Sheffield, 47, Burgess St 
 Waterhouse George & Co. SCE S § 1842 
 Smith, Sissons & Co, ... @ 1848 Do, 
 Padiey, Parkin & Co. ... G 1849 Do. 
 
 ¢ This mark was originally registered by Scot in 1807; for previous marks aed b 
 1 The same firm as above, and in 1831 but with the ney mark reversed, 
 
 te amet 
 
 § Unregistered marks. 
 
Sheffield Platers and Their Marks AII 
 
 Name of Firm, Maker’s Marks. Date. | Location, Trade Description. 
 
 Hutton W. eae Ses Da sg *) 1849 Sheffield ... ae ...| Close Plater 
 
 Mappin Bros, ... @magg | 1850-| Do, Baker's Hill ...| Silver and Plated Cut- 
 lery Manufacturers 
 
 Oldham T, fees nes Genes) § 1860 | Nottingham ee ...| Maker of Plated Tan- 
 kards and Measures 
 
 Roberts & Briggs eee R pat 1860 | Sheffield, 38, Furnival Silver and Plated Ware 
 
 g 5 G Es +§ Street Manufacturers 
 
 * See note (||) on previous page. 
 
 ¢ Possibly this mark was purchased from M. Boulton & Co., of Birmingham, at their dissolution in 1848. 
 t Since 1863 Roberts & Belk. 
 
 § Unregistered marks. 
 
 MISCELLANEOUS MARKS WHICH HAVE NOT BEEN TRACED. 
 
 Approximate date of 
 
 Maker’s Marks. Description of article from which marks are taken. pena tiet ace! 
 1 24 2s | Fused Plated 1-pint Tankard a5 Ere iv a 1780-1790 
 &> BEST PLATE Do, Sugar Tongs ... “er a ree a 1790 
 Do. Sauce Boat ... met a oe FS 1790 
 1 Gee @) os Do. Pierced Fish Slice, with Plated Handle... a 1790-1800 
 Do. Do. Wine Coolers, with Lion Mask Handles sac 1790-1800 
 Rinie rowces s Do. Tankard ee a ee ate ds 1800-1810 
 
 Do. Folding Ear Trumpet, with Silver Filled Floral 1815-1825 
 
 Qa Mounts (see page 390.) 
 
 Poo Do. Salt Cellar, with Wire Supports for Glass Bit 1815 1825 
 
 omer Fused Plated 5-light Candelabra, 29 1n. high. was Bue 1815-1825 
 Beeiin Fused Plated small Telescope (see page 390) st ae, 1840 
 Sena, Fused Plated pointed end Snuffer Tray (see page 328.) ay 1840 
 FRWAW fl Ge de] Close Plated Dessert Knife... xa bet wee a 1840 
 ce) ENT Close Plated Article oe bl ue Ba ah 1840 
 OY i] 2) Snuffers, made of Argentine Metal, with Filled Silver Mounts... 1850 
 ® Close Plated Dessert Knife a ied oc o 1850 
 Do. Marrow Scoop | iat as ae ate 1850 
 
 PROOG ‘Ivory Handled Dessert Knife, Close Plated Blade ae ie 1850 
 
 : * T. Middleton, Rd. Jewesson, G. Ashford and G. Frost are registered, as a firm of silver plate workers, at the 
 Sheffield Assay Office, 2/4/1798. 
 
fed 
 
ee ay 7 = = Soa U i lS ee ae —. a aa a da Se ea nelle rane ne Ne ea ee 
 : b ‘tars ; * : : : - pene 
 
 = , 4 ‘ 
 
General Index 
 
 Makers’ marks and date letters are not indexed in the following pages. A comprehensive index 
 to the marks of English, Scotch, Irish, and British colonial silversmiths will be found at p. 211. See 
 also the alphabetical list of American silversmiths and their marks, pp. 239-292. 
 
 Aalborg, mark used at, 366. 
 
 Abercrombie, Robert, English silversmith, 9. 
 
 Aberdeen, marks used at, 182, 183. 
 
 Adam brothers, their influence upon designing 
 of English silver, 8. 
 
 Aix, marks used at, 308. 
 
 Aix-la-Chapelle, marks used at, 315. 
 
 Alencon and Caen, marks used at, 308. 
 
 Altenburg, marks used at, 315. 
 
 Altona, marks used ‘at, 316. 
 
 American silver, early, 235-292. 
 
 American silversmiths, names and marks of, 
 239-292. 
 
 Amiens and Soissons, marks used at, 308. 
 
 Amsterdam, marks used at, 368. 
 
 Anne, Queen, period of silversmithing, 8. 
 
 Ansbach, marks used at, 316. 
 
 Antwerp, marks used at, 362, 363. 
 
 Apostle spoons made in England, °. 
 
 Aquila, marks used at, 370. 
 
 Arboga or Orebro, marks used at, 378. 
 
 Arbroath, marks used at, 183. 
 
 Archambo, Peter, English silversmith, 9. 
 
 Arras, marks used at, 308. 
 
 Assaying silver, made compulsory in England, 
 10; France, 294; Baltimore, 267. 
 
 Assay Master’s mark substituted for Deacon’s 
 mark in Edinburgh, 169. 
 
 Astrakhan, mark used at, 375. 
 
 Augsburg, marks used at, 316, 317. 
 
 Aurich, marks used at, 318. 
 
 Austria, marks on silver of, 355-359. 
 
 Ayr, marks used at, 184. 
 
 Baden, marks used at, 383. 
 Baden-Baden, marks used at, 318. 
 Bamberg, marks used at, 318. 
 Banff, marks used at, 185. 
 
 Barcelona, marks used at, 387. 
 Barnstaple, marks used at, 158. 
 Bausk, mark used at, 375. 
 
 Bayonne, marks used at, 309. 
 Belfast, marks probably used at, 208. 
 
 Belgium, State stamps of, on silver, 361; marks 
 on silver of, 361-367. 
 
 Berlin, marks used at, 319. 
 
 Bern, marks used at, 383. 
 
 Besancon, marks used at, 309. 
 
 Biberach, mark used at, 319. 
 
 Bienne, mark used at, 383. 
 
 Bigorne marks in France, 296. 
 
 Birmingham, marks used at, 141-146; Sheffield 
 plate made at, 398. 
 
 Boivin, his book on old Paris marks, 296. 
 
 Bologna, mark used at, 370. 
 
 Boroas, marks used at, 378. 
 
 Bordeaux, marks used at, 309. 
 
 Boulsover, Thomas, inventor of Sheffield plate, 
 389. 
 
 Bourges, marks used at, 309. 
 
 Bozen, marks used at, 355. 
 
 Bradbury, Frederick, his 
 Sheffield Plate, 398. 
 
 Breda, marks used at, 368. 
 
 Bremen, marks used at, 319. 
 
 Breslau, marks used at, 319. 
 
 Bristol, marks used at, 159. 
 
 Britannia standard of silver, in England, 2, 
 20, 28, 33; never enforced in Scotland, 169. 
 
 Bruchsal, marks used at, 320. 
 
 Bruges, marks used at, 364. 
 
 Briinn, marks used at, 355. 
 
 Brunswick, marks used at, 320. 
 
 Brussels, marks used at, 360. 
 
 Budapest, marks used at, 359. 
 
 Burgos, marks used at, 387. 
 
 Burgundy, early silversmiths in, 293. 
 
 History of Old 
 
 Caen and Alencon, marks used at, 308. 
 
 Cesar, Julius, brings silversmiths into Gaul, 
 293 
 
 Calatayud, marks used at, 387. 
 
 Calcutta, marks used at, 163. 
 
 Canongate (Edinburgh), marks used at, 177. 
 
 Carlisle, marks used at, 162. 
 
 - Cassel, marks used at, 387. 
 
416 
 
 Castle or castles, the town mark of Bristol, 
 Cork, Edinburgh, Exeter, Limerick, Newcas- 
 tle, Norwich, and Stirling, 9.0. 
 
 Ch4lons-sur-marne, marks used at, 310. 
 
 Channel Islands, silver of the, 163. 
 
 “Charge” mark on French silver, 295. 
 
 Chester, marks used at, 132-140. 
 
 Christiania, marks used at, 374. 
 
 Christianstad, marks used at, 379. 
 
 Church silver in England, 4-6. 
 
 Coinage, debasement of in England, 3, 4. 
 
 Coire, marks used at, 384. 
 
 Colchester, marks used at, 159. 
 
 Colmar, mark used at, 321. 
 
 Cologne, marks used at, 321, 322. 
 
 Commonwealth period in England, scarcity of 
 
 silver during, 7. 
 
 Coney, John, American silversmith, 235. 
 
 Copenhagen, marks used at, 366, 367. 
 
 Cordova, mark used at, 387. 
 
 Cork, marks used at, 204-207. 
 
 Cornwall and Devon, marks used at, 160, 161. 
 
 Corufia, La, mark used at, 387. 
 
 Cracow, marks used at, 355. 
 
 Criminal prosecutions in England, 16. 
 
 Dagebiill, marks used at, 322. 
 
 Danzig, marks used at, 322. 
 
 Darmstadt, marks used at, 322. 
 
 Date letters, introduced in England, 11; in- 
 troduced in France, 294; varied for French 
 provincial towns, 295. 
 
 Davenstadt, marks used at, 323. 
 
 Decoration, added to old English sive 10; 
 applied to Philadelphia silver, 236. 
 
 Denmark, marks on silver of, 366, 367. 
 
 Description of England, by the Reverend Wil- 
 liam Harrison, 5. 
 
 Dessau, marks used at, 323. 
 
 Devon and Cornwall, marks used at, 160, 161. 
 
 Dijon, marks used at, 310. 
 
 Dillingen, marks used at, 323 
 
 “Discharge” mark on French silver, 295. 
 
 Dixwell, John, American silversmith, 235. 
 
 Dokkum, mark used at, 368. 
 
 Domestic articles of silver, use in England, 4, 8 
 
 Dorchester, marks used at, 159. 
 
 Dordrecht, marks used at, 368. 
 
 Dorpat, mark used at, 375. 
 
 “Double plate” Sheffield, its meaning, 39°. 
 
 Dresden, marks used at, 323, 324. 
 
 Dublin, marks used at, 191-203. 
 
 Dummer, Jeremiah, American silversmith, 236. 
 
 Dundee, marks used ap iss. 
 
 risa St., patron saint of English Soca, 
 
 Diisseldorf, marks used at, 325. 
 
 General Indes ae 
 
 7 ae Hedemora, ane Ln marks: 
 
 Engen, mark used at, 326. ae 
 
 : Frankfort-on-Main, marks used” “at, 3 
 
 -Freising, marks used at, 329. 
 
 Eger, marks used at, 355. 
 
 Duty marks on divas reales ma 
 20, 30, 31; France, 2 204-296; Ireland, J 
 (footnote). 
 
 Edinburgh, marks used at, 169 1 
 assaying and marking silver plate, 
 
 Einsiedeln, marks used at, pri Mees 
 
 t, 379: on 
 Blberleld, mark ei at, 326. see 
 Elbing, marks used at, 325. 
 Elgin, marks used at, 184. | 
 Elizabeth, Queen of England, imports oe 
 
 in reign of, 53 household silver used it reig 
 
 of, 6, 8. Nea Ps 
 Eloi, St., patron saint of, French 
 
 293; Guild of, 395.) ee 
 Emden, marks used at, 326. . 
 
 England, silver of, 1-163. | 
 Enkhuizen, mark ‘used at, eed inc” 3 
 Ensko, Stephen G.-C. hue: Am can S: 
 smiths and Their Marks, 239. & 
 Erfurt, marks used at, 326. . 
 Essen, marks used at, 326. 
 Eutin, mark used at, 326. 
 EByora, mark used at, 373. 
 Exeter, assay office ‘established, 8 
 used at, aia #3 
 
 F in an oval, a mark bene in : Cresta i 
 identify foreign silver, 33 (footnote). 
 Farmer of the Revenue in France, 294, 29 
 Fawdery, William, London silversmith 
 Ferrara, marks used at, 436. 
 Fish, tree, and bell, town mark ok 
 Fleur-de-lis, “punch of guarantee” 
 French silver, 294; dimidiated, : 
 town mark of York, 106. 
 Florence, marks used at, 370. — 
 Forgeries of marks on ates 
 in America, 235. 5s 
 Forks, introduced in England, ny 
 France, silver of, 293-314. ; 
 Frankenstein, mark used at, jab. 
 
 ix 
 
 Frankfort-on-Oder, mney used at, Sa 
 
 Freiburg (Baden), m 
 Freiburg (Saxony), marks oe 
 
 Friedberg, mark used at, Ke 
 Fulda, mark used at, 329. 
 Firth, mark used at, see re 
 
 i 
 
General Index 417 
 
 Gebweiler, mark used at, 329. 
 Gefle, marks used at, 379. 
 Geislingen, mark used at, 329. 
 Geneva, marks used at, 384. 
 Genoa, marks used at, 371. 
 Germany, silver of, 315-354. 
 Ghent, marks used at, 364. 
 Glasgow, marks used at, 178-181. 
 Glatz, mark used at, 329. 
 Glogau, mark used at, 329. 
 Gmund, marks used at, 329. 
 Gnoien, mark used at, 329. 
 Gold, hallmarking of in England, 31 (footnote). 
 Goldsmiths in England recognized as a corpo- 
 rate body, 3. 
 Gorlitz, marks used at, 330. 
 Gotha, marks used at, 330. 
 Gothenburg, marks used at, 379 
 Gouda, marks used at, 368. 
 Grabow, mark used at, 330. 
 Gran, mark used at, 359. 
 Graz, marks used at, 356. 
 Greenock, marks used at, 184. 
 Grenoble, marks used at, 310. 
 Guimraes, Marks used at, 373. 
 Giistrow, marks used at, 330. 
 
 Hague, The, marks used at, 369. 
 
 Halberstadt, marks used at, 330. 
 
 Hall (Austria), marks used at, 356. 
 
 Hall (Germany), marks used at, 331. 
 
 Halle (Saxony), marks used at, 331. 
 
 Hallmarks, absence from English silver no 
 proof of fraud, 16; popular misconception 
 regarding Sheffield plate, 395. 
 
 Hamburg, marks used at, 331, 332- 
 
 Hanau, marks used at, 333. 
 
 Hanover, marks used at, 333. 
 
 Hanover-Neustadt, marks used at, 333. 
 
 Harrison, the Reverend William, his Description 
 of England, 5. 
 
 Harp, crowned, sterling mark of Dublin, 191. 
 
 Hedemora, Eksjé, and Lindesberg, marks used 
 at, 379: 
 
 Heidelberg, marks used at, 333. 
 
 Heilbronn, marks used at, 334- 
 
 Henry VII, 3, 4. 
 
 Henry VIII, 4, 5. 
 
 Herzogenbusch’s, marks used at, 369. 
 
 Hibernia, figure of, duty and their town mark 
 
 of Dublin, 193. 
 
 Hildesheim, marks used at, 334. 
 
 Hogarth, William, his influence on the de- 
 signing of English silver, 8. 
 
 Holland, silver of, 367-370. 
 
 Hoorn, mark used at, 369. 
 
 Hotzenplotz, mark used at, 356. 
 
 Huguenot silversmiths in England, 9. 
 Hull, marks used at, 154. 
 
 Hull, John, “American” silversmith, 235. 
 Hungary, silver of, 359-361. 
 
 Iglau, mark used at, 356. 
 
 Ilmenau, mark used at, 334. 
 
 Index to the marks of English, Scotch, and Iris’ 
 silversmiths, 211. 
 
 Ingolstadt, marks used at, 334. 
 
 Innsbruck, marks used at, 356. 
 
 Inset plate on Old Sheffield ware, its purpose an‘ 
 the popular exaggeration of its value, 396. 
 
 Inverness, marks used at, 187. 
 
 Ireland, silver of, 191-210. 
 
 Irkutsk or Tobolsk, mark used at, 375. 
 
 Italy, silver of, 370-373. 
 
 Jamaica, mark used on the island of, 163. 
 Jauer, marks used at, 334. 
 
 Jesse, David, American silversmith, 235. 
 Journay, marks used at, 364. 
 
 Kaluga, mark used at, 375. 
 Kamenetz-Podolski, mark used at, 375. 
 Karlsruhe, marks used at, 334. 
 Kaschau, marks used at, 360. 
 Kaufbeuren, mark used at, 334. 
 Kazan, mark used at, 376. 
 Kecskemét, marks used at, 360. 
 Kiel, marks used at, 334, 335- 
 
 Kiev, marks used at, 376. 
 
 King’s Lynn, marks used at, 156. 
 Kitzingen, marks used at, 335. 
 Klagenfurt, marks used at, 356. 
 Klausenburg, marks used at, 360. 
 Konigsberg, marks used at, 335, 336. 
 Konstanz, marks used at, 336, 337. 
 Kostroma, mark used at, 376. 
 Kremsier, marks used at, 356. 
 
 La Corufia, mark used at, 387. 
 
 Laibach, marks used at, 357. 
 
 Lamerie, Paul, English silversmith, 12. 
 
 Landsberg, mark used at, 337- 
 
 Landshut, marks used at, 337. 
 
 Lausanne, mark used at, 384. 
 
 Ia Rochelle, mark used at, 310. 
 
 Leeds, marks used at, 162. 
 
 Leer, mark used at, 337. 
 
 Leeuwarden, mark used at, 369. 
 
 Leicester, marks used at, 155. 
 
 Leipzig, marks used at, 337, 338. 
 
 Lemberg, marks used at, 357. 
 
 Leon, marks used at, 387. 
 
 Leopard’s head crowned, in a measure restricted 
 to articles made in London, 1, 22, 30; used in 
 conjunction with town mark in Exeter, 1721- 
 
418 General Index 
 
 1777, 120-122; used in conjunction with 
 town mark in Newcastle, 1721-1845, 127- 
 130; used in Chester in conjunction with 
 town mark, 1720-1823, 133-137. 
 
 Leopard’s head uncrowned, town mark for 
 London after 1821-1822, 32; used in con- 
 junction with town mark of Exeter after 
 1845, 130; used in conjunction with town 
 mark of Chester after 1823-1824, 132; used 
 in conjunction with town mark of Newcastle 
 after 1845, 130. 
 
 Leutschau, marks used at, 360. 
 
 Lewes, marks used at, 155. 
 
 Liége, marks used at, 365. 
 
 Liegnitz, marks used at, 338. 
 
 Lilies, three growing in a pot, town mark for 
 Dundee, 185. 
 
 Limerick, marks used at, 209. 
 
 Limoges enamels sent to Byzantium, 293; 
 marks used at, 311. 
 
 Lincoln, marks used at 152, 153. 
 
 Lindesberg, Eksj6, and Hedemora, marks used 
 at, 379- ; 
 Lion erased, Britannia standard mark in Eng- 
 
 land, 2, 28. 
 
 Lion passant, English sterling mark, 1, 11. 
 
 Lion rampant, sterling mark for Glasgow, 179. 
 
 Lions (five) passant in a cross, town mark for 
 York after 1700-1701, 109. 
 
 Lions (three) passant in a shield, town mark 
 for Chester, 133. 
 
 Lisbon, marks used at, 373. 
 
 Lissa, marks used at, 338. 
 
 London, marks used at, 22-106. 
 
 Lomza, mark used at, 376. 
 
 Lotige, a measure of quality for silver in Ger- 
 many and Austria, 316. 
 
 Louvain, marks used at, 365. 
 
 Liibeck, marks used at, 338, 339- 
 
 Lucca, marks used at, 371. 
 
 Ludwigsburg, marks used at, 339. 
 
 Lulea, marks used at, 379. 
 
 Liineburg, marks used at, 339, 340- 
 
 Luzern, marks used at, 384. 
 
 Lyon, marks used at, 311. 
 
 Madrid, marks used at, 387. 
 
 Maestricht, marks used at, 369. 
 
 Magdeburg, marks used at, 340. 
 
 Mahrisch-Triibau, marks used at, 357. 
 
 Mailand, marks used at, 371. 
 
 Mainz, marks used at, 341. 
 
 Makers’ marks, compulsory in England, 1, 10; 
 compulsory in France, 294; form of regulated 
 by statute in England 19, 20, 28; on London 
 plate, 35-105; in England, Ireland, and Scot- 
 land, index to, 211; introduced in France, 293. 
 
 Mannheim, marks used at, 341. 
 
 Mantua, marks used at, 371. 
 
 Marienburg, marks used at, 341. 
 
 Marienwerder, mark used at, 341. 
 
 Markdorf, mark used at, 341. 
 
 Marseilles, marks used at, 311. 
 
 Mechelen, marks used at, 365. 
 
 Memel, mark used at, 341. 
 
 Memmingen, mark used at, 341. 
 
 Mergentheim, mark used at, 341. 
 
 Metz, mark used at, 342. 
 
 Minor guilds of English silversmiths, marks of, 
 164; of Irish silversmiths, marks of, 208; 
 of Scotch silversmiths, marks of, 182. 
 
 Mitau, mark used at, 376. 
 
 Modena, mark used at, 371. 
 
 Mons, marks used at, 366. 
 
 Montpellier, marks used at, 311. 
 
 Montrose, marks used at, 188. 
 
 Mortmain, statutes of, 4. 
 
 Moulins and Orleans, marks used at, 312. 
 
 Moscow, marks used at, 376. 
 
 Miilhausen (Alsace), marks used at, 342. 
 
 Miilhausen (Saxony), marks used at, 342. 
 
 Munich, marks used at, 342, 343. 
 
 Munoz, mark used at, 387. 
 
 Miinster, marks used at, 343. 
 
 Naples, marks used at, 371. 
 Naumburg, marks used at, 343. 
 Neisse, marks used at, 343. 
 Netherlands, The, silver of, 367-370. 
 Neuchatel, marks used at, 384. 
 Neusatz, marks used at, 360. 
 Neusohl, marks used at, 360. 
 Neuveville, mark used at, 384. 
 Newcastle, marks used at, 126-131. 
 Nicolsburg, marks used at, 357. 
 Norden, marks used at, 343. 
 Nordlingen, mark used at, 344. 
 Norrtélje, marks used at, 379. 
 Norway, silver of, 374. 
 
 Norwich, marks used at, 113-117. 
 Nuremberg, marks used at, 344. 
 
 Oberglogau, mark used at, 344. 
 Ochsenfurt, mark used at, 345. 
 Odense, mark used at, 367. 
 Offenburg, mark used at, 345. 
 Olmiitz, marks used at, 357. 
 
 Oporto, mark used at, 373. 
 
 Orebro, mark used at, 380. 
 
 Orebro, or Arboga, marks used at, 378. 
 Orleans and Moulins, marks used at, 312. 
 Osnabriick, marks used at, 345. 
 Osterode, marks used at, 345. 
 Ottingen, mark used at, 345. 
 
 ae = a cals Es ‘ : ; : ’ * c 
 eo Tg eo CREA OT, en, SS emt At Sea 
 
 ee 
 
 Pay. 
 
 ee 
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 had 
 
 at 
 a. 
 
 5k» 
 
 ee ss 
 
General Index 
 
 Padenborn, marks used at, 345. 
 Palermo, mark used at, 372. 
 Paris, marks used at, 297-307. 
 Parma, mark used at, 372. 
 Passau, marks used at, 345. 
 Payerne, marks used at, 384. 
 Perm, marks used at, 376. 
 Perth, marks used at, 186. 
 Pforzheim, marks used at, 345. 
 Pig and pendant bell, mark used at Truro, 
 Cornwall, 160. 
 Plates, silver dinner, introduced in England, 
 6; marks forged upon, 13. 
 Plymouth, marks used at, 159. 
 Poitiers, marks used at, 312. 
 Poole, marks used at, 157. 
 Portugal, silver of, 373. 
 Posen, marks used at, 345. 
 Potsdam, marks used at, 346. 
 Prague, marks used at, 357. 
 Pressburg, marks used at, 360. 
 Prussia, state stamps of, 346. 
 Pskof, mark used at, 442. 
 
 Queen Anne period of silversmithing, 8. 
 
 Ragusa, marks used at, 358. 
 
 Rapperswil, mark used at, 385. 
 
 Rappoltsweiler, mark used at, 346. 
 
 Ratibor, mark used at, 346. 
 
 Rat-tail spoons, 9. 
 
 Recense mark on French silver, 295. 
 
 Regensburg, marks used at, 346. 
 
 Rennes, marks used at, 312. 
 
 Reval, marks used at, 377. 
 
 Revere, Paul, his marks, 279. 
 
 Riga, marks used at, 377- 
 
 Riom, marks used at, 312. 
 
 Ritzebiittel, mark used at, 346. 
 
 Rochester, marks used at, 155. 
 
 Rome, marks used at, 372. 
 
 Rose crowned, the town mark of Norwich, 113; 
 joined with a fleur-de-lis, both dimidiated, 
 the town mark of York, 106. 
 
 Rosenheim, mark used at, 347. 
 
 Rostock, marks used at, 347. 
 
 Rotterdam, marks used at, 369. 
 
 Rouen, marks used at, 313. 
 
 Rugg, Richard, his work and marks, 16. 
 
 Russia, silver of, 375-378. 
 
 St. Andrews, marks used at, 187. 
 
 St. Eloi, patron saint of French silversmiths, 
 293. 
 
 St. Germain, marks used at, 313. 
 
 St. Petersburg, marks used at, 377. 
 
 Salad servers (transformations), 14. 
 
 419 
 
 Salisbury, marks used at, 157. 
 
 Salzburg, marks used at, 358. 
 
 Saragossa, marks used at, 388. 
 
 Scallop shell, mark of Poole, 18, 157. 
 
 Schaffhausen, marks used at, 385. 
 
 Scharding, marks used at, 358. 
 
 Schemnitz, marks used at, 361. 
 
 Schorndorf, mark used at, 347. 
 
 Schweidnitz, marks used at, 347. 
 
 Schweinfurt, marks used at, 347. 
 
 Schwerin, marks used at, 347, 413. 
 
 Scotland, silver of, 169-190; See Table of 
 Contents. 
 
 Sheffield, marks used on silver of, 147-151. 
 
 Sheffield rolled plate, history of, 389, ff; 
 identification of genuine, 391, 392; often 
 unmarked, 398; the term applied to “close 
 plated” articles of steel and britannia ware, 
 397; makers of permitted to register names 
 and marks under statute of 1784, 3995 
 peculiarities of marking, 399; silver wire 
 used to mask copper edge, 391; restoration 
 of, 394; made in France, marks upon, 395; 
 names and marks of makers, 400-411. 
 
 Sherborne, marks used at, 157. 
 
 Shrewsbury, marks used at, 156. 
 
 Single initial used as a mark by London silver- 
 smiths, 2. 
 
 “Single plate” Sheffield, the term defined, 390. 
 
 Sion, marks used at, 385. 
 
 Skewers, fraudulent, 13. 
 
 Séderhamn, 380. 
 
 Soissons, mark used at, 313. 
 
 Soissons and Amiens, mark used at, 308. 
 
 Solmona, marks used at, 372. 
 
 Spoons made in England, types of, 9. 
 
 Spain, silver of, 387, 388. 
 
 Speier, marks used at, 347. 
 
 Stadthamhof, mark used at, 348. ; 
 
 Stag’s head, town mark of Cannongate (Edin- 
 burgh), 177. 
 
 “Starling,” an equivalent of “Sterling” used 
 in Ireland, 204-209. 
 
 “Sterling,” used as a mark in England, 132. 
 
 Sterling standard in England, 2, 28, 132. 
 
 Stettin, mark used at, 348. 
 
 “Stirling,” a variation of “Sterling.” See “Star- 
 ling.” 
 
 Stirling, marks used at, 183. 
 
 Stockholm, marks used at, 380; date letters 
 used at, 381. 
 
 Stolberg-Wernigerode, marks used at, 348. 
 
 Storr, Paul, English silversmith, his mark 
 forged, 13, 20. 
 
 Sursee, marks used at, 385. 
 
 _ Stralsund, marks used at, 348. 
 
 Strasburg, marks used at, 348, 349. 
 
420 General Index 
 
 Straubing, marks used at, 350. 
 Stuttgart, marks used at, 350. 
 
 Suhl, marks used at, 350. 
 
 Sweden, silver of, 378-382. 
 Switzerland, silver of, 383-386. 
 Symbols, used as marks in England, 1. 
 
 T and a tun or barrel, the town mark of Taun- 
 ton, 156. 
 
 ’ Tain, marks used at, 188. 
 
 Taunton, marks used at, 156. 
 
 Tea and coffee sets introduced in England, 7. 
 
 Tea-kettles, with lamps, used in England, 6. 
 
 Temesvar, marks used at, 361. 
 
 The Hague, marks, used at, 369. 
 
 Thistle, the sterling mark of Edinburgh, 169. 
 
 Thorn, marks used at, 350. 
 
 Thun, marks used at, 385. 
 
 Tilsit, marks used at, 351. 
 
 Tobolsk or Irkutsk, mark used at, 375. 
 
 Tittmoning, mark used at, 351. 
 
 Toledo, marks used at, 388. 
 
 Torgau, marks used at, 351. 
 
 Torshalla, marks used at, 382. 
 
 Toulouse, mark used at, 313. 
 
 Toulouse and Montauban, marks used at, 
 313. 
 
 Tours, marks used at, 314. 
 
 Trebnitz, mark used at, 351. 
 
 Tree, fish, and bell, town mark of Glasgow, 
 178. 
 
 Trieste, marks used at, 358. 
 
 Troppau, marks used at, 358. 
 
 Truro, marks used at, 160. 
 
 Tubingen, marks used at, 351. 
 
 Tula, marks used at, 377. 
 
 Turin, marks used at, 373. 
 
 Tuttlingen, mark used at, 351. 
 
 Tver, marks used at, 378. 
 
 Uberlingen, marks used at, 351. 
 
 Ulricehamn, marks used at, 382. 
 
 Ulm, marks used at, 352. 
 
 Unascribed marks, British, 164-168; Irish, 
 189, 190; Scotch, 210. 
 
 Utrecht, marks used at, 369, 370. 
 
 Vaseteras, mark used at, 382. 
 Velburg, mark used at, 352. 
 Venice, marks used at, 373. 
 Verden, mark used at, 373. 
 Versailles, mark used at, 314. 
 Vevey, marks used at, 385. 
 Vienna, marks used at, 358, 359. 
 Villingen, marks used at, 353. 
 Vilna, marks used at, 378. 
 Vladimir, mark used at, 378. 
 Vlissingen, mark used at, 370. 
 Vologda, mark used at, 378. 
 
 Walk, mark used at, 378. 
 
 Waren, mark used at, 353. 
 
 Wartha, mark used at, 353. 
 
 Weilheim, marks used at, 353. 
 
 Weimar, marks used at, 353. 
 
 Wertheim, marks used at, 353. 
 
 Wesel, mark used at, 353. 
 
 Wheatsheaves (three), with a sword erect 
 between, town mark of Chester, 132-140. 
 
 Wiborg, marks used at, 353. 
 
 Wick, marks used at, 184. 
 
 Winterthur, marks used at, 385. 
 
 Wismar, marks used at, 353. 
 
 Wolfenbiittel, marks used at, 353. 
 
 Worms, marks used at, 354. 
 
 Wiirzburg, marks used at, 354. 
 
 Wurzen, mark used at, 354. 
 
 Yaroslaf, mark used at, 375. 
 Yawl, town mark of Youghal, 208. 
 York, marks used at, 106-112. 
 Ypres, marks used at, 366. 
 
 Ystad, marks used at, 382. 
 
 Zerbst, marks used at, 354. 
 Zittau, marks used at, 354. 
 Znaim, mark used at, 359. 
 
 Zug, marks used at, 386. 
 
 Zurich, marks used at, 452. 
 Zweirbriicken, mark used at, 354. 
 Zwickau, marks used at, 354. 
 Zwolle, marks used at, 370. 
 
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Authoritative Opinions on 
 “OLD SILVER & OLD SHEFFIELD PLATE” 
 by 
 
 HowarpD PITCHER OKIE 
 
 Of this book THE CONNOISSEUR, the premier collectors’ magazine 
 of England says: =e 
 
 “Mr. Okie’s book occupies an honorable position midway between 
 such exhaustive treatises on old silver as the monumental but unwieldy 
 works of Rosenberg and Sir Charles Jackson, and the gossipy ‘chats’ 
 and ‘guides.’ This latest addition to the literature of a gigantic sub- 
 ject—it is rather a group of subjects—is readable; it is authoritative 
 and as nearly exhaustive as such a production can be. It is scarcely 
 too much to say that it is an entire library in one volume. 
 
 “Tn a series of chapters the author takes a comprehensive survey of 
 the various fields of study under consideration—English, Continental 
 and American silver, Sheffield plate and their methods of manufacture, 
 styles of decoration and kindred maiters. He further devotes a long 
 chapter to that nightmare subject ‘Frauds and Transiormations.’ 
 
 “Primarily intended as a guide for collectors, the greater part of 
 Mr. Okie’s 436 pages is occupied by lists of makers’ marks, English, 
 Continental and American. The list of American makers, it is stated, 
 is much longer than any previously printed. The book is completed 
 by a very full index and illustrated with twelve full-page plates. The 
 printing, binding, and make-up are worthy of the subject.” 
 
 THE BOSTON TRANSCRIPT: 
 
 “Seldom in America does a writer attempt to discuss the subject of 
 old English Silver. Mr. Okie not only ventures, but because of his 
 intimate knowledge of the topic, he contributes a valuable aid to the 
 study of marks and designs used by the silversmiths of England... . 
 He then launches into a check list of American makers and their 
 marks which is the most comprehensive yet to be published anywhere. 
 _. . His discussion of Sheffield plate is most comprehensive and en- 
 lightening.” 
 
THE CHRISTIAN SCIENCE MONITOR: 
 
 “Many ponderous volumes have been printed on the subject of 
 marks found on old silver in different countries and many are the. 
 difficulties which students meet in their attempts to discover and clas- 
 sify all the available data. Rosenberg’s four volume German publica- 
 tion dealing with Continental hall-marks other than French is typical 
 of this class of reference books. 
 
 “Sir Charles Jackson has done a similar service for England and 
 Ireland. The Walpole Society published several years ago a valuable 
 volume on the silversmiths of the American colonies. A book which 
 has come to our desk is a compilation of data concerning marks which 
 is found elsewhere only perhaps in a half a dozen volumes, American, 
 English and European. This makes a highly useful book of reference, 
 more desirable for its compactness and moderate cost than the several 
 publications from which it is drawn. Its title is ‘Old Silver and Old 
 Sheffield Plate,’ and the price is $15.00. 
 
 “In looking over this book with George C. Gebelein, the widely 
 known silversmith and dealer in old silver, he found it highly commend- 
 able for the completeness and the arrangement of marks on Conti- 
 nental plate. These are arranged not only by countries, but by prov- 
 inces. He finds the list of American silversmiths here to be much 
 longer than that in any previous publication. Evidentally, Mr. Okie 
 has fresh information concerning many of these names. It brings 
 within the contents of a single volume, practically all that is known 
 concerning the marks which silversmiths have placed on their products 
 for the last 450 years in Great Britain and from the earliest dates of 
 record in France, Germany, Holland, Austria, Russia, as well as other 
 European countries. It also includes the marks of all the makers of 
 Sheffield plate. As a reference book for the collector or for any public 
 library, large or small, we believe it should be and will be heartily wel- 
 comed and highly popular.” 
 
 Ida Gilbert Myers in the WASHINGTON STAR: 
 
 “Here is a textbook for the use of the amateur of old silver, of old 
 Sheffield plate. Despite its distinction of make-up, despite its impres- 
 sive book personality, it, by virtue of its substance, meets first of all 
 the needs of the one who ‘wants to know.’ Clearly, such is the primary 
 office of the textbook. It certainly is a glorified instrument of learning, 
 however. The paper, the print, the illustrations, the binding—all de- 
 
clare this to be of the very elite of its class. A beautiful thing just 
 to look at, to leaf over, to handle. . . . The whole gives evidence 
 of the competency, and the enthusiasm, of the author in providing 
 this completed field of study for others who, possessing the interest, 
 have hitherto not known where to go for further information on what 
 looks like a most fascinating subject. Living in Washington, one has 
 the advantage of being able to objectify the contents of this book at 
 the studio of the author. And, otherwhere, is one able also to follow 
 the expert guidance of the book in a novel exploration of a field, new 
 to the commonalty, but, nevertheless, a field that offers clear delight. 
 The authoritative quality of this study in old silver, with its complete 
 inclusion of the field under consideration, with its definite instruction 
 and means of verification—these, too, seems to me, constitute the 
 distinction of this major work upon the subject of old Sheffield plate.” 
 
 THE BALTIMORE SUN: 
 
 “Tt is, of course, of great interest and profit to the collector or to 
 the owner of a single piece of early American that he possess authorita- 
 tive and undisputable knowledge as to the genuineness of his interesting 
 silver or plate. And in this comprehensive volume Mr. Okie has done 
 all such a great and lasting service. No less than sixty-odd Baltimore 
 silversmiths with their marks are mentioned, and the whole list of 
 American silversmiths and their marks, to which an entire chapter of 
 fifty pages is devoted, makes it possible to identify as genuine the work 
 of the early and Colonial silversmiths, some of whom had several ways 
 of signing the product of their craft. 
 
 ‘No less valuable is Mr. Okie’s research in the field of English and 
 European design. In an interesting and readable manner he tells 
 the story. The chapter on frauds and transformations is most enter- 
 taining. An intelligent and skillful index to the book makes it a de- 
 light to the student.” 
 
 THE PUBLIC LEDGER (Philadelphia) : 
 
 “The collector of old silver need never be fooled by bogus antiques 
 if he has access to Howard Pitcher Okie’s recently published ‘Old Sil- 
 ver and Old Sheffield Plate,’ . . . for although Mr. Okie’s handsome 
 
volume is a history of the art of the siiversmith in Great Britain: and 
 Ireland he has been most concerned with the necessary means of identi- 
 fication. Therefore he includes in Ais book upward of 13,000 marks 
 of English silversmiths, besides those of America, Paris and virtually all 
 of the countries of Continental Europe. The process of making. old 
 Sheffield is described in full and a list of names and marks of every 
 known maker is added. The volume is illustrated with twelve full 
 page plates.” 
 
 ed 
 
 ANTIQUES (Boston) : 
 
 ‘““An invaluable book.” 
 
 The book is not a mere collection of marks. The chapters on 
 “Frauds and Transformations” French Silver, Old Sheffield, e*c., em- 
 body years of commercial experience in the markets at home and 
 abroad. Itisa handsomely bound volume of 436 pages. Heavy black 
 saat binding, stamped | in gold foil and enclosed in a slip case. It is 
 
 1/4” by 10” in size and will be sent to you post-paid for $15.00. 
 és gs. in England.) 
 
 Mr. Charles Allen Smart has seid of it: “Mr. Howard Pitcher Okie, 
 the eminent authority has produced.in OLD SILVER AND OLD 
 SHEFFIELD PLATE a book comprehensive in range, authoritative 
 in information a product of vears of study and practical experience. 
 It is a work probably never to be superseded.” 
 
 Judge A. T. Clearwater—the owner of the magnificent collection of 
 silver in the Metropolitan Museum of Art, bearing his name, says that 
 this book “‘is a most invaluable, concise and accurate treatment of the 
 entire field which it covers, and furnishes to collectors an indispensable 
 guide to the making of collections of which it treats.” 
 
 Send your order (with a check, if you have no charge account) to 
 
 THE OKIE GALLERIES, 
 
 OKIE BUILDING, 1640 Conne= sticut Avenue, Washington, D. C. 
 
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