ELEVATIONS. 
 
 SECTIONS, AND DETAILS, 
 
 
 
 
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 OF 
 
 SAINT JOHN BAPTIST CHURCH, 
 
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 AT 
 
 SHOTTESBROKE, 
 
 BERKSHIRE. 
 
 BY WILLIAM BUTTERFIELD, ESQ. 
 
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 PUBLISHED FOR THE OXFORD ARCHITECTURAL SOCIETY, 
 
 BY J. H. PARKER, OXFORD: 
 
 RIVINGTONS, ST. PAUL’S CHURCH-YARD, AND WATERLOO PLACE 
 AND T. STEVENSON, CAMBRIDGE. 
 
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SH0T7ESBROOKE CHURCH 
 
 SOUTH WEST VIEW 
 
Digitized by the Internet Archive 
 in 2020 with funding from 
 Getty Research Institute 
 
 https://archive.org/details/elevationssectio92butt 
 

ELEVATIONS, 
 
 SECTIONS, AND DETAILS, 
 
 SAINT JOHN BAPTIST CHURCH 
 
 SHOTTESBROKE, 
 
 BERKSHIRE. 
 
 BY WILLIAM BUTTERFIELD, ESQ. 
 
 THE FONT 
 
 PUBLISHED FOR THE OXFORD ARCHITECTURAL SOCIETY, 
 
 BY J. H. PARKER, OXFORD: 
 
 RIVINGTONS, ST. PAUL’S CHURCH-YARD, AND WATERLOO PLACE: 
 AND T. STEVENSON, CAMBRIDGE. 
 
 M DCCC XT.1V. 
 
hundred of barnish. 
 
 COUNTY OF BERKS. 
 
 SHOTTESBROKE. 
 
 gjofm aunpttst. 
 
 deanery of reading. 
 
 DIOCESE OF OXFORD. 
 
 PATRON, 
 
 A. VANSITTART, Esq. 
 
 Shottesbroke is about three miles from the Twyford Station on the Great Western 
 Railway. At this place was a small College, dedicated to St. John Baptist, for a 
 warden and five priests, founded in 1337, by Sir William Trussed, of Cubbleston, in Staf¬ 
 fordshire, and endowed with the Church of Shottesbroke, and a rent charge of 40s. per 
 annum, on the manor of which he was then lord. Soon after its foundation the College 
 was almost destroyed by fire, in consequence of which misfortune, the Church of Basilden, 
 and other lands, were given for its support. The revenues of this College, which was 
 suppressed in the first year of King Edward VI., were then estimated at £33. 18s. 8d., 
 cleai yeaily \alue. Its site was to the south of the Church; the entrance into the south 
 transept from it is shewn in the south elevation as blocked up. The lands belomrinsr to 
 the College were granted to the family of Weldon, and now belong to the Vansittart family. 
 
 “ Tlie Church,” says Mr. Rickman, “is a pure Decorated building, and a beautiful minia¬ 
 ture of a Cathedral, having a nave, choir, and transepts. A centre tower and spire, and a 
 north and south porch, all of good design and execution. There are no battlements, but 
 all dripping eaves, and as small a portion of stone as possible is used for the dressings. 
 The tracery of the windows is very good, and the buttresses very good, but plain. This 
 Church will well repay a careful examination.” 
 
 The Chancel has a fine east window of five lights, with flamboyant tracery, and some 
 remains of the original painted glass in it. On the south side there are three windows 
 of two lights, with flowing tracery in the head. The three sedilia and piscina are 
 under a continuous square head, which looks at first sight like Perpendicular, but the mould¬ 
 ings, and the arched heads of the recesses, shew it to be good Decorated; they are undoubt¬ 
 edly of the date of the Church, the same mouldings occurring in other parts. The piscina 
 has the basin perfect, and a very small stone bracket at the back. On the north side are 
 two windows similar to those on the south, and a doorway to the sacristry, with an ogee 
 foliated head, which is now in part blocked up, and appears like a recess in the wall only. 
 
 The tower-arches are fine, and have good mouldings. The chancel-arch and nave-arcli 
 have attached shafts, with octagon caps, with plain mouldings. The transept-arches have 
 no shafts. The arch-mouldings spring from the plain wall; the labels are not terminated 
 by heads, except those under the tower. The south transept has a good three-light south 
 
2 
 
 SHOTTESBROKE. 
 
 window, with flowing tracery. The side-windows are of two lights, with good heads and 
 portions of the painted glass remaining. 
 
 The north transept has a fine north window of three lights, wide and large, with flam¬ 
 boyant tracery; the side-windows are of two lights a . Under the north window are two rich 
 sepulchral recesses, with groined vaults, and a series of elegant ogee-arched heads, crockets, 
 and finials, with pinnacles between, and small shields hanging from pegs : there are no 
 figures remaining in these recesses, but the plain altar-tombs of the founder and his lady. 
 The founder is said to have been cousin-german of a more celebrated person of the same 
 name, prolocutor of the parliament which deposed King Edward II. 
 
 The nave has two windows on each side, and doors, north, south, and west; these are 
 plain, but the arches have good mouldings; the west window has three lights with flowing 
 tracery. The roof of the nave has tie-beams and king-posts, with springers, which appear 
 to be original. The font is good octagon, panelled, and stands in its original situation near 
 the west door. 
 
 The exterior is remarkable for the good effect produced with such very simple materials, 
 and apparently with so little effort. The walls are entirely built of flint, and the smallest 
 possible quantity of ashlar is used for the dressings. The buttresses, though very plain, have 
 a cinquefoil under the capping. There are no parapets to any part of the Church, and the 
 water has continued to drip from the eaves for five centuries without any injury to the walls. 
 
 The porches are quite plain, but from their proportions have a very good effect; and 
 are of the same age as the rest of the Church. It is worthy of remark that while these 
 have buttresses placed diagonally, the building itself has one on each side of the angles, 
 shewing that a common theory which asserts that diagonal buttresses are of a different 
 date from those not diagonal, has no real foundation. The north porch is at present 
 blocked up for a lumber closet. There are remains of crosses on the gables, but none 
 perfect; against each face of the tower above the ridge of the roof is a stone with a cross 
 cut upon it. 
 
 The tower, like the rest of the Church, is plain but well proportioned; and the stair- 
 turret at the angle, though also plain, gives it a considerable degree of elegance. The 
 parapet has a plain battlement, within which springs the octagonal spire; round the base of 
 this there was formerly a cluster of pinnacles, the bases of which remain, and shew this 
 design to have been similar to that of St. Mary’s in Oxford; the spire-lights are remarkably 
 plain and rude; the upper part of the spire has been badly rebuilt within the last seventy 
 years, having been damaged by lightning, and is now in want of immediate repairs, or some 
 serious accident may be anticipated. 
 
 At the entrance to the church-yard are two modern gate-posts, built of flint, with stone 
 dressings and capping, and the cinquefoil under it, in imitation of the buttresses : the church¬ 
 yard has been most improperly trespassed upon by the park of late years, many levelled 
 graves now existing beyond the boundary of the church-yard. 
 
 a This transept is at present incumbered with a most hideous gallery-pew, with a private entrance from the park, made through 
 one of the beautiful two-light windows. 
 

 SHOTTESBROKE. 
 
 In the Gentleman’s Magazine for February 1840, there is a valuable paper on this Church 
 signed E. J. C. (Carlos), from which the following description of the present remains of the 
 painted glass, and of the monuments, is extracted, with the permission of the writer 
 
 There still exists a considerable quantity of stained glass in the several windows of the church, though greatly 
 obscured by dirt. The east window was once resplendent with pictures of saints and the arms of benefactors; of 
 these the following are the scanty remnantsSt. John the Evangelist, St. John the Baptist, Angel with censer, a 
 Bishop, St. Katharine, Saint with dragon, another, defaced. These are in tolerable preservation. There are also 
 the following shields of arms 1. Cheque azure and or. 2. Gules, a lion rampant or. (perhaps D'Albini) 3. Gules, 
 three lions passant gardant in pale or, a bordure argent. 4. Azure, on a bend argent, coticed or, between six 
 
 leopards’ faces of the last a- [defaced], 5. Barree or and azure, an inescutcheon argent. 6. Argent, three 
 
 fusils conjoined in fesse gules. Montacute. The tracery of the choir windows contained a single shield iu each. Of 
 these there remain on the north side, ... a saltire ... it is plastered over, and the colours undistinguishable. South 
 ule.s, three cross-crosslets and a chief or. Arderne. 2. Sable, a cross engrailee or, a bend ermine. In the 
 cast window of the south transept is the bust of a knight to the breast. He has pourpoint over his armour, ou the 
 head a basinet with tlie \isor raised to sliew the face, which has large mustaches ; a gorget of mail is seen at the 
 
 chin. Hound the head are the remains of a quatrefoil, shewing a relic of the lead-work of the ancient glazing. 
 There are also various fragments in the opposite and in the south windows, including some neat and not inelegant 
 quarries. In the eastern window of the north transept are the remains of a crucifix. The lateral windows in the 
 nave, like those of the choir, each contained a single shield; of these only two remain, in windows on each side of 
 the nave, and which are repetitions of each other, viz. Quarterly, 1 and 4, Or, fretee azure; 2 and 3, Barree or and 
 azure; Penbrur/e. In the west window are three shields: 1. Or, a saltire gules. 2. Quarterly, first and fourth. 
 Azure, three fleurs-de-lis or; second and third, Gules, three lions passant gardant in pale or, a bordure azure, 
 charged with fleurs-de-lis or. 3. Argent, on a chef azure two mullets or. The above are all the remains of the 
 stained glass which once embellished the windows of this elegant church. 
 
 The Sepulchral Remains are worthy of attention. The monuments of the founder, Sir William Tressel, and his 
 lady, Maud, daughter of Sir William Butler, Lord of Wemme, occupy the entire north wall of the transept. The 
 two monuments are exactly similar; they are altar-tombs, surmounted with canopies of four arches, each of elegant 
 form, separated by pinnacles. In the spandrels are sixteen shields, which are represented as suspended by belts 
 from hooks. These shields were once emblazoned with armorial bearings, now entirely obliterated. On three of 
 the shields the remains of armorial bearings are visible, in consequence of the lines having been traced with a point 
 
 on the surface of the stone. The following may be distinguished:—1. Three lions rampant, impaling .... 2. 
 
 impaling three lions rampant. 3.a fesse engrailed . . . ., in the dexter chief is a lion rampant, which is pro¬ 
 
 bably one of three; the whole within a bordure ; but these are in all probability the remains of the arms of “ Richard 
 Powle, sometime Register of the Chancery,” and Anne Chester his wife, and Henry Powle and Katharine his wife, 
 which, with the dates 1583 and 1628, had been usurpingly substituted for the original bearings, and which remained 
 in Ashmole’s time, the Powles being buried in the same transept. The founder lies within the westernmost of 
 these tombs, and in Hearne’s days was to be seen through a defect in the wall, “wrapt up in lead,” and his wife, 
 “ in leather, at his feet.” The next in point of importance is a rather singular monument, to the memory of William 
 Throckmorton, Warden of the College. The effigy of the deceased, smaller than life, attired in a long gown, with his 
 doctor’s hood and cap, having the hands conjoined, lies within a stone coffin, against the north wall of the choir. 
 Across the middle of the effigy is a slab of stone, bearing a brass plate, with the following inscription:— 
 
 “ SFjnofemnrtoit, p’st, Doctor of lafoc, late garDen of tfjte djurcl), tofitef) DeccSStD tf)c xfj. Dag of ^anuarf, 
 
 &n’o D’nt Jttcccccxxxb ; on hdjote <soulc F&u fjnuc iHcrcg. $fme\—IE terra in btlcm regoluto corpore terrain &anctam expccto Del 
 tntecrtrorDte opem. CFxSpccto ct In fi'Du' uDtbtbc canug amictu’ &t tanDem except regna beata poll.” 
 
 The Brasses are very interesting. In the centre of the chancel, on a large slab, is one of rather unusual occurrence, 
 as it represents two male effigies. That on the dexter side is a priest in vestments, the face bearing the impress of 
 age; the hands are conjoined on the breast. The stole, maniple, and bordure of the alb are ornamented by devices 
 almost peculiar to effigies of the fourteenth century, which are squares, containing crosses-cramponee alternating with 
 quatrefoils. Tlie shoes are pointed. The other effigy represents an aged and demure-looking man, with a forked 
 beard and mustaches, having a wrinkled forehead, and the hair stiff and combed off the face. The dress is a tunic, 
 close fitting and buttoned up the front, reaching to the calves. From the middle a short sword depends from a 
 girdle; a mantle is worn over the tunic, fastened by three buttons on the right shoulder, and falling gracefully oyer 
 the left arm. On the legs are hose, with pointed shoes. The two effigies stand within a rich double niche, which 
 formerly had a slender column in the centre, and is covered with two cinquefoil arches, with sweeping canopies, 
 richly crocheted; in each is a rose. At the feet of the effigies was originally an inscription on a narrow plate of 
 brass, which has been removed. Between the canopies is a small quatrefoil, which doubtless once contained some 
 
4 
 
 SHOTTESBROKE. 
 
 religious, or, in modern phraseology, superstitious representation. With these exceptions, and a trifling mutilation 
 of the pinnacles, this hrass is in fine state of preservation. The effigies are each 4 feet and 2 inches long, and the 
 entire hrass 7 feet 7 inches long, and 2 feet 7 in breadth. It is engraved, from a most incorrect drawing by Aslimole, 
 in Bib. Top. Britannica, No. xvi., and very accurately by Waller in his “ Sepulchral Brasses.” The date of this 
 brass is late in the fourteenth century; and it may fairly be presumed to commemorate the first Master of the College, 
 with his brother. The ages appear to be equal: their lives, perhaps, were pleasant, and in their deaths they were 
 not divided. This brass, with the monument of Dr. Throckmorton, are the only two in the Church which commemorate 
 sacerdotal personages. On the floor of the north transept, at the foot of the monument of the founder and his lady, 
 lies a brass of a lady, clad in a long gown, covering the feet, and bound round the middle with a girdle, hanging down 
 in front. The head-dress is reticulated, with a veil; the neck covered with a barbe; the costume being that of a 
 widow. The head reclines on two ornamented cushions, and on a surrounding ledge, at the corners of which were 
 the symbols of four Evangelists, of which the angel and the lion only remain, there was an inscription, of which the 
 words in black letter only are preserved:—“ 3fcg gtgt Dame Margaret qui fuist Je femme Monsir F ... . pennebrggg 
 fljcua/hr priez pur luy a dieu quit de saluie eit pitie et mercy. Amen.” This slab commemorates Margaret, daughter 
 and heir of Sir William Tressell, the founder, and widow of Sir Fulke Pennebrygg. She died in 1401. This brass 
 is engraved in Gough’s Sepul. Mon., vol. ii. pi. v. p. 11. On the floor of the same transept is an effigy of a gentle¬ 
 man, in plate armour, bare-headed, with straight hair. Below is the following inscription:— 
 
 « fact!) tfic DoDg of ftlrijarD dSgll gquijcr, laic gavgeant of tbc 23aftcf)oug fo th Ifctng Ijcnrg tffjc btf. ; anti algo fogtb Ivrmg 
 Ijcmt tljc bttj.; ant) banlg of tl)c bt'f. IntnDvcDg of ©ofcam anti 43xag ; tl)c fol)tcl)c fticgjart DeccggcD g e bit. Dag of August, tl)c gere 
 of our Sort) Got) JW°b c *f, o’ fofjoge goulc $'l)u’ fjaue m’cg.” 
 
 In the same transept, another brass represents, with admirable fidelity, one of the bluff yeomen of the bluff King 
 Henry, accompanied with his three wives. He is represented in a fur gown, bearing on the left shoulder a crown, 
 as a badge of his office. His wives are represented, one on his right side, and two on his left. Below the second 
 wife are three sons and two daughters, and under the third wife one daughter. There are two inscriptions, one in 
 English, which shews, in one point of view, at least, that he was useful in his generation. The other inscription is 
 in Latin, and is remarkable as the production of a lady, Elizabeth, one of the daughters of Sir Anthony Cooke, who 
 had a taste for this kind of composition. The following are transcripts of both inscriptions :— 
 
 “ lf)crc IgctI) BurtcD 2TI)omag Note, fol)o for bte great age anD bertuoug Stef foag iUbercnccJ) of all men, anti eomenlg callcD 
 dfatljcr Kobe ; crcatcD lEgqut'cv fig l&gngc ?f?eitrg tljc but. ?i?c foag of gtature fbtgf) ant) comlg, anti for l)tg excellence tn arttlarte 
 mate goman of the crofonc of lEnglanD ; fol)tcl) l)at» tn l)te Ifef tlnce fotfcg, anD bg eberg of tfmn gome frugte anD ofgprgnge, anD 
 DeceaggcD tl)c xxt. Dag of Slugugt, 1567, tn tlje gerc of I)tg age Sxxxbu. leabtng bel)gnDe l)gm Julian, i)tg lagt fotef, tfoo of I)tg 
 brotberne, one gtgtcr, one onlg gonne, anD tj. Daugbterg Igbtng.” 
 
 “ lEpttapbta D’ne Iclbabctl) fi?obbte tn morte’ 2Tf)omc Kobe.—(D multum Dtlcctc gener pater atq? bocate bel quia granDcuug, bcl 
 quta ptobug crag, gfnnog btxtgtt nobteg Decent atq? gatelleg dftDitg crag rcgttm fi'Dug eragq? tutg. ^am fattg functug balcag, gcD tu 
 Deng alntc 5tc mt|)t conccDag btitere giq? morf.” 
 
 Father Noke has a happy contented expression in his countenance. He looks like a man who enjoyed this 
 world, and the good things thereof; and, never having heard of any theories of population, he prided himself upon 
 his “ fruyte and ofsprynge,” and without doubt his royal masters and mistresses did the same. Above the effigies 
 is the following shield of arms: ... on a fesse coticed . . . between three leopards’ faces ... a bow . . . between two 
 ducal coronets . . .; crest, on a wreath, a lion’s paw erased and erected . . . environed with a ducal coronet . . . and 
 holding an arrow . . . There are numerous modern monuments to the Cherry family, and to Dodwell the anti¬ 
 quary. The floor of the chancel has originally been covered with coloured tiles of good workmanship. The pave¬ 
 ment, when entire, formed a kind of mosaic. Several octagon tiles remain, with various devices. One appears to 
 be the symbol of St. John, with the inscription (IOljANNES); on another is a lion’s face; on a third, a man armed 
 with a sword, and at his feet a dragon. There is another monument which cannot be passed without notice. This 
 is a coffin-lid, ridged, and once ensigned with a cross, which lies in the cliurch-yard, in the angle between the south 
 tratisept and the choir. This tomb the author so often quoted, T. Iiearne, says is that of the architect, and he gives 
 the following particulars: “ They say (and it hath been a constant tradition) that this person, having either laid the 
 last stone of the spire, or else fix’d the weathercock, call’d for some wine or ale on purpose to drink the King’s 
 health, which being brought up to him, he had no sooner drunk it but he accidentally fell down, was dash’d to pieces, 
 and was afterwards buried under the spire, with this rough stone over his grave.” This is probably a mere village 
 tradition. The stone is evidently older than the church, and, in all probability, has lain in the church-yard ever 
 since the present one was built, having been preserved from the former church; for Shottesbroke possessed a church 
 at the period of the Domesday survey. The modern brick-work under this coffin-stone was set up when a modern 
 rector (Richard Clear) was buried beneath it by bis own direction, at which period no remains of a prior interment 
 were discovered. 
 
SHOTTESBROKE. 
 
 o 
 
 The accompanying remarks are at the same time so just and so interesting, that no 
 apology is required for adding them to the foregoing description. 
 
 Shottesbroke church and its localities were favourite subjects with old Tom Hearne. In a gossiping note on 
 crosses, to his edition of Hobert of Gloucester’s Chronicle, he gives many particulars of the church and adjacent 
 college j the latter structure existing at that time as a farm-house, on the south side of the church. He thus de¬ 
 scribes a curious appendage to the latter: “ Some years agoe there was a passage from this farm-house overthwart 
 the church way, and so down a pair of steps, by a door, into the south chancel or south cross of the church, where there 
 is a seat that belongs to them that live in the farm-house.” He adds, “ I know not for what reason it was pull’d down, 
 unless it were to make the church look more uniform (as indeed, destroying antiquity and committing sacrilege is too 
 commonly now-a-days call’d uniformity); but it was destroyed so lately, that I well remember people frequently talk 
 of it when I was a schoolboy, and to relate that it conducted into the church; and that those of the college house and 
 farm us’d commonly to come into the church that way.” The arch of entrance may still be traced in the wall of the 
 transept; and a gap in the garden wall opposite has evidently been filled up. This singular passage must have been 
 an humble specimen of a covered walk, like the magnificent passage in Wells Cathedral, leading from the Vicar’s 
 college to the chapter-house and cathedral. The two spacious halls, with their chimneys and the parlours, and other 
 remains of the college, existing when Hearne wrote, have long since been removed; a cottage, which probably formed 
 a part of those buildings, is the only portion which now exists; and the “ brave old orchard,” with its “ trees in forms 
 of crosses,” which in part existed in Hearne’s time, has also disappeared; and all the remains on which the good old 
 antiquary loved to dilate upon have vanished, leaving the church the sole remains of the foundation of Sir Wm. Tressell. 
 This structure, it has been shewn, is possessed of a high degree of interest. Every admirer of genuine old English 
 architecture should pay it a visit, and will be certain to leave it highly gratified. He will see in it an elegant specimen of 
 the workmanship of the fourteenth century, and a beautiful and correct model of a church; and it would be pleasing 
 if the description would end here; but the pleasure afforded by the examination of the church is damped when the 
 spectator looks to the upper part of the spire, and sees the rents which shew themselves at the angles of the stone¬ 
 work, and w'hich may at no distant period occasion the destruction of the spire, and in all probability, of the choir 
 also. That this is no fancied alarm will be seen by any one who views the openings from the interior. The ruin 
 might be arrested by rebuilding the upper part of the spire; or, at least, banding it with metal; but, as it is scarcely 
 to be supposed that the small parish will accomplish this work, we can only look to individual munificence for its 
 preservation. To one sole benefactor are we indebted for the entire church; let us hope that it will be fortunate 
 enough to ow r e the trifling repairs it now requires to a similar source. It is truly to be wished that this description 
 may be the means of calling that attention to the defect which may lead to the preservation of this beautiful example 
 of genuine church architecture; as a small expense may now effect so desirable an object,—which, if longer delayed, 
 will lead to the destruction of the entire pile. E. I. C. 
 
 HISTORICAL NOTICES. 
 
 From Tanners “ Notitia Monastic a,” page 20, 21. 
 
 Shottesbroke, —A Chantry or College, consisting of a warden, five priests, and two clerks, founded 
 A D. 1337, by Sir William Trussel, of Cubbleston, knight, to the honour ot St. John the baptist. It 
 was valued at £42. 2s. 8d. in the whole, and £33. 18s. 8d. per annum, clear, and granted 2 Ed. VI. to 
 Thomas Weldon and Edward Weldon. 
 
 Cartas autographas de fundatione et dotation hujus collegii penes Franciscum Cherry, Arm., A.D. 1711. Apo- 
 grapha istarum cartarum penes prsefatum virum summre industrire et de re antiquana bene mentnm, 
 
 Tho. Hearne, A.M., ex aula S. Edmundi, Oxon. 
 
 Rot. Pat. 10 Ed. III. p. 1. m. 21 vel 22 ; Pat. 11 Ed. III. p. 1. m. 11. de fundatione hujus cantariae; Pat. 12 Ed. Ill. 
 p 2 m 24- Rot. fact, apud Antwerp. 12 Ed. III. m. 5. et 9: Pat. 14 Ed. III. p. 1. vel 3. m. 10. de Eccl. de Bas- 
 telden approprianda; Pat. 15 Ed. III. p. 2. m. 43; Pat. 17 Ed. III. p. 1 m. . . ; Pat. 18 Ed. III. p. 1. m. 14; Ibid, 
 p. 2. m. . . ; Pat. 45 Ed. III. p. 2. m. 35; Pat. 8 Ric. II. p. 1. m. 7; Pat. 16 Itic. II. p. 1. m. 22, de mess, et terns 
 
 in Shottesbrooke et White Waltham; Pat. 22 Ric. II. p. 2. m. 23 vel 24. 
 
G 
 
 HISTORICAL NOTICES. 
 
 From lie arm's account of some Antiquities between Oxford ancl Windsor, § 2, 3, fc. printed at the end of the fifth 
 volume of Leland’s Itinerary. Oxford, 1711. 8vo. p. 104, 105, &c.; and 1744, p. 120, &c. 
 
 From these writings it appears that Sir William Trussell of Cublesdon in Staffordshire, knight, (cousin-german to 
 Sir William Trussed, knight, who pronounced the sentence of Deposition against King Edward II. a ) in the year 1037, 
 being the eleventh year of the reign of King Edward III., founded here a College and Chantry for one warden, five 
 priests or chaplains b , and two clerks, appropriating thereto the Church of Shottesbroke by virtue of Apostolical 
 Letters. This College, with the Church and Chantry, was dedicated to St. John Baptist, and Sir William took care 
 to have it sufficiently endowed; but having continued for some years, it was at length reduced to such a deplorable 
 condition by fire and other accidents, that the priests and clerks quite relinquished it, none remaining but Mr. John 
 Bradford the warden. Upon which the said King Edward, toward the latter end of his reign, taking these disasters 
 into his royal consideration, gave licence for the impropriation of the Church of Battlesden in Berks to it, which 
 accordingly Avas done in the year 1380, soon after the king’s death. Other benefactions were afterwards made to 
 it, and King Richard II., in the sixteenth year of his reign, granted licence to the Avarden and College to purchase 
 neAV lands and tenements. 
 
 When I formerly looked over some of Mr. Ashmole’s papers in his Museum at Oxford, I found that he had noted 
 that this Church Avith the College Avas founded by Sir John Trussed, knight, (elder brother to Sir William,) and 
 Maud his Avife, daughter to Sir William Butler, Lord of Wemme, and that they Avere both buried here. I suppose 
 this mistake arose from want of inspection into the Chartularies, Avhence it plainly appears, that Sir William himself 
 Avas sole founder, AA r ithout mention of his Avife as jointly concerned in it, he being at that time, I believe, unmarried. 
 And it is not Sir John and his lady, but Sir William and his lady, (sister to EdAvard Butler, brother to the abovesaid 
 Sir William,) that lie buried here, their monument, erected against the north wall of the north cross of the Church, 
 being hoav to be seen. He lies Avrapt up in lead, and she in leather at his feet, as appears from a defect in the Avail. 
 They had issue one son, named John, avIio died sine prole, and one daughter, named Margaret, Avife to Sir Fouk 
 Pembrug, knight. She died in the third year of Henry IV. (An. Dom. 1401.) and likewise lies buried here in 
 the north cross. For on the virge of a fair marble gravestone (having the figure of a lady in the habit of those 
 times, cut in brass) is the folloAving epitaph to her memory: 
 
 Icji gift dame Margaret qut fufat le femme tnongtr F . . . Pennbrigg . . . cDcbalfcr, prtc? pur lut a titeu 
 
 qutl tie salmc ett pttie, et mercy. Amen. 
 
 Now though the Church, as well as the College of Shottesbroke, Avas founded by Sir William Trussell, .... yet 
 there had been a Church, though far less decent and beautiful, long before, and therefore he is by no 
 means to be reckoned the original founder. This is clear not only from the old Valor Beneficiorum, but even 
 from Domesday-book itself c . But I could never learn when, nor by Avliom, it was first founded. In all proba- 
 
 a See Knighton’s Hist, de Eventibus Anglise, at the end of King Edward IT. Also Grafton’s Chron., Stowe’s Annals, &c. 
 
 b If the rents would bear it there were five more to he added; but they were not to exceed that number. 
 
 c By which I also find that the Church of Abbot’s Waltham, or White Waltham, itself in the time of the Conqueror, when the survey was 
 made, was very small, much less, I believe, than ’tis now, agreeable to the methods of building the most early Churches, which were nothing 
 near so magnificent and large as afterwards, as may partly appear from the first Church that was built in this isle at Glastonbury. But that 
 the reader himself may make his own remarks, I shall add the passages that concern not only Shottesbroke, but Laurence Waltham and White 
 Waltham, as I find them inserted in my Collections from Domesday Book. 
 
 Alwardus aurifaber ten. de rege in Benes Hundred Sotesbroc. Pater ejus tenuit de regina Eddid. Tunc et modo pro 7. liidis. Terra est 8. 
 car. In dominio sunt 2. car. et 24. villani, et 2. cotscez, cum 10. car. Ibi ecclesia et 2. servi 7. aerse prati. Valuit 7. lib. modo 6. lib. 
 
 Rex. ten. in dominio Waltham. Eddid regina tenuit. Tunc pro 8 liidis. Modo pro nicliolo. Terra est 16. car. In dominio sunt 2. car. 
 et 32. villani, et 4. cotscez, cum 15. car. Ibi 4. servi. Silva de 150. porcis. 
 
 T. R. E. et postea valebat 12. lib. modo 10. lib. tamen reddit 15. lib. ad pensam. 
 
 Terra Episcopi Dunelmensis. In Benes Hund. 
 
 Episcopus Dunelmensis ten. de rege Waltham in elemosina. Uluninus canonicus tenuit de Heraldo comite. Tunc et modo pro 3. liidis. 
 Terra est 6. car. In dominio sunt 2. et 8. villani, et 3. cotscez, cum 4. car. Ibi 3. servi, et 3. aerse prati. Silva de 6. porcis. 
 
 T. R. E. valebat 60. fob et post 70. fol. modo 100. solid. 
 
 Terra Ecclesi* de Certesyge. In Beners Hund. 
 
 Abbatia de Certesyg ten. Waltham de dominio victu Monachorum. T. R. E. tenuit. Tunc et modo se defend, pro 10. liidis. Terra est 
 12. car. In dominio sunt 2. car. et 18. villani, cum 10. car. Ibi unus fervus, et ecclesiola, et 9. aerse prati. Silva de 5. porcis. De ead. 
 terra ten. Turoldus. I. hidam, et unam virgatiam de abbate, et ibi lit 2. car. cum 2. cotscez. Tot. T. II. E. valebat 8. lib. modo pars abbatis 6. 
 lib. Turoldi 10. fob 
 
HISTORICAL NOTICES. 
 
 7 
 
 bility (at least it is my opinion at present) this little parish was taken out of the next parish called White, or rather 
 Abbot’s Waltham, lying on the east side of it. In the most early times parishes were of a large extent. Afterwards 
 other Churches were taken out of them by the lords of manors, and so the number of parishes increased as the 
 lords of manors were willing to erect new Churches; which liberty was so far indulged and allowed as the lord 
 took care to have a parochial minister settled, who should look after the souls of the people within such a precinct as 
 by this new foundation obtained the name of a parish. When lords of manors undertook such works of piety, 
 all the lands, houses and tenements belonging to such a particular manor, were allotted to the new Church, and made 
 a distinct parish from the old one. I take Sliottesbroke to have had its rise from such an occasion. The king having 
 granted it to one of his favourites (it being part of his demesnes, and held of the Crown by a certain knight’s 
 service;) in process of time a Church was erected, and all the lands appertaining to the manor were annexed to it, 
 and made a different parish from the parish of White Waltham to which they belonged before. Hence it is that 
 several pieces of ground, as part of the Nokes, part of Merlin pits, and some lanes in Bredcroft and other fields, lie 
 in the midst of White Waltham parish, and are surrounded by lands that are acknowledged and confessed to be of 
 the parish of White Waltham, and yet are always reckoned to be part of the parish of Sliottesbroke. These small 
 parcels of land being known at that time, when the Grant was first made from the Crown, to he part of the manor of 
 Sliottesbroke, when the lord of the manor came to found and erect a Church, the whole manor was (as usual) made 
 a parish, and so all these scattered lands have been ever since accounted as part of it. 
 
 After King Richard II. had given leave to the College to purchase new lands and tenements, I find nothing more 
 of moment about it in the Chartularies that I have seen and consulted; only I gather that it continued in a flourish¬ 
 ing state till the time of the dissolution of religious houses, and I believe the last Warden e was Dr. William Throc- 
 morton, who lies buried in the Church of Sliottesbroke f . 
 
 e But since the writing of this I find that he was not the last Warden. For I gather from a MS. that relates to the provision that was made 
 for divers religious persons, that were great sufferers upon the Dissolution, that Robert Vere was Warden after him; though it does not appear 
 whether he was his immediate successor or not. 
 
 i But before I pass out of this Church I must not forget to visit the grave which contains the sacred ashes of one of the greatest and yet one 
 of the humblest of men that the last age hath bred, I mean the celebrated Mr. Henry Dodwell; a name that will he always mentioned with 
 respect as long as there is any due regard for religion, virtue, and learning. This great man died in the threescore and tenth year of his age, 
 on Thursday, June the seventh, 1711, a little after four of the clock in the morning, and was buried on Saturday (June the ninth) immediately 
 following, in the Chancel of this Church, just over against the monument of Dr. Throcmorton above mentioned, and about a yard distant from 
 it. His universal knowledge and profound judgment in all sciences and hooks had rendered him famous among all the learned men of France, 
 Italy, [and Germany,] and the great sanctity and severity of his life had gained him a veneration very peculiar and distinguishing among all 
 sorts of people. He made it his greatest study to assert the honour and interest of religion and the Clergy ; and his writings in defence of the 
 Church of England against Papists and Presbyterians have been esteemed perfect pieces in their kind. His exactness in history, as well sacred 
 as profane, and his exquisite skill and judgment in the most intricate parts of chronology, made his assistance so necessary that his help and 
 direction was desired and courted by the most learned men of the age . .. But this was the effect of his happy retirement and of his own even 
 temper of mind; to which we are also to attribute the other learned writings with which he afterwards obliged the world. No sufferings what¬ 
 ever could make him withdraw his affection to religion and learning; hut he went on in a constant regular course of exercising the most 
 heroical acts of virtue and piety, and of consulting the honour and fame of the nation by such works as will last to all future ages. He was a 
 most strict follower of all the rules and orders of the Church of England, and was a religious observer of all her fasts and festivals. He died 
 with the same exemplary piety with which he had always lived, and during his last sickness he received the blessed Sacrament publicly in the 
 parish Church of Sliottesbroke from the hands of the minister of that place, the schism (which had commenced by virtue of the Lay Deprivation 
 of the Bishops soon after the Revolution) being according to his principles (which may be best learned from his writings) closed by the death of 
 the truly Venerable Dr. William Lloyd, Bishop of Norwich, which happened on January the first, 1709-10, in the 73rd year of his age, leaving 
 the character behind him of a very wise man, and of a godly primitive Bishop. 
 
LIST OF THE PLATES 
 
 PLATE I.—FRONTISPIECE. A PERSPECTIVE VIEW OF THE CHURCH FROM 
 
 THE SOUTH-WEST. 
 
 PLATE II.—THE GROUND PLAN. 
 
 PLATE HI.—EAST ELEVATION. 
 
 PLATE IV.—WEST ELEVATION. 
 
 PLATE V.—SOUTH ELEVATION. 
 
 PLATE VI.—LONGITUDINAL SECTION, LOOKING SOUTH. 
 
 PLATE VII.—TRANSVERSE SECTION, LOOKING EAST. 
 
 PLATE VIII.—SECTION IN NAVE, LOOKING WEST. SECTION IN CHANCEL, 
 
 LOOKING EAST. 
 
 PLATE IX.—DETAILS. —Sections of Mouldings under Eaves, one-fourth real size. 
 Jamb, Mueeion, and Sill of East Window. Jamb of Porch-entrance. Jamb of Door¬ 
 way in Porch. Jamb of Chancee-arch, with Mouldings of Cap and Base of Shafts. 
 
 PLATE X.—THE FONT, WITH SECTION. 
 
 OXFORD : PRINTED BY I. shrimpton. 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 * 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PLATE II 
 
 
 W£ utter field Esq Arch 1 del 
 
 10 
 
 fcrtrf— 
 
 0 
 
 J. Fisher Jo. 
 
 10 
 
 z±= 
 
 20 
 —f— 
 
 30 
 
 ± 
 
 40 
 
 -b 
 
 60 
 
 ± 
 
 70 
 —t- 
 
 60 FEET 
 
 d 
 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
t 
 
 & 
 \— 
 
 JO 
 
 ±= 
 
 ?d 
 
 EAST ELEVATION 
 
 J? ee £ 
 
 SHOTTESBROOKE CHURCH 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PLATE V 
 
 SOUTH ELEVATION 
 
 SHOTTESBROOKE CHURCH 
 
 
 W. StUter/iehd Arch . 1 dcL. 
 
0 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 longitudinal section, 
 shottesbrooke church 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PLATE VII 
 
 
 
 77 
 
 ! 
 
 TRANSVERSE 
 
 ON 
 
 CHURCH. 
 
 S H O.T T E S BROOK [ 
 

PLATE VIII 
 

 
 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 

PLATE IX. 
 
 Moixldings under Eive! 
 
 Base 
 
 Mouldings 
 
 to A B C 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PLATE X . 
 
 THE FONT, 
 
 SHOTTE5BROOKE CHURCH, 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 % 
 
 - 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 . 
 
 ' 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 * 
 
 sr 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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