mm the Tt: of m expedition sent to asia kikor m k.b.weiw*eiit in tass BpIMfit AT (V »f WE anflNM MpmSX.»liWIJ IT' ASSISTED ST R. R PU LILA Jf , ESQ;. F R.f, B.A. nlUJE FROM TOMB 'ON THEATRE KILL. •- nqfi m % ®M, lUT&BeS^IEKS ‘if® THE .PTBSSt.’ tiliSOM'SaiM FIELDS. A HISTORY OF DISCOVERIES AT HALICARNASSUS, CNIDUS, & BRANCHIDiE. C. T. NEWTON, M.A. KEEPER OF THE GREEK AND ROMAN ANTIQUITIES, BRITISH MUSEUM. Assisted by R P. PULLAN, F.RI.B.A. YOL. L— PLATES. LONDON: DAY & SON, LITHOGRAPHERS TO THE QUEEN, GATE STREET, LINCOLN'S-INN FIELDS. 1862. TO VISCOUNT STRATFORD DE REDCLIFFE, UNDER WHOSE AUSPICES THE RESEARCHES WHICH LED TO THE DISCOVERY OE THE MAUSOLEUM WERE FIRST UNDERTAKEN, THIS WOBK IS RESPECTFULLY AND GRATEFULLY DEDICATED. DESCRIPTION OF PLATES Feontispiece. — View of Budrum from tlie entrance to a rock-cut tomb on the hill overlooking the Mausoleum, the site of which is marked by a mound surmounted by a flagstaff. Plate I. — Plan of Halicarnassus (Budrum), on the base of the Admiralty chart. No. 1606. Plate II. — Plan of Environs of the Site of the Mausoleum. Plate III. — Plan of the Site of the Mausoleum. Plate IV. — The same, with the positions of the Turkish houses built upon it marked in red. Plate V. — Sections of the Site of the Mausoleum. Plate VI. — Upper View. — The Staircase, leading down to the Great Stone at the Western Entrance into the Basement of the Mausoleum. Lower View. — The Peribolus Wall on the North of the Mausoleum. Plate VII. — Alabaster Vase, inscribed with the name of Xerxes in Hieroglyphics and Cuneiform characters, and in four languages, Persian, Median, Assyrian, and Egyptian. Plate VIII. — Two Views of the Great Stone found at the Foot of the Western Staircase of the Mausoleum. The upper view shews the inner fuce of this stone, and the edge of marble pavement on which it rested, below which is a drain, leading from the interior of the building into the lower gallery on the West. Plates IX. X. — Four Slabs of the Frieze of the Order, discovered on the Eastern side of the Mausoleum. Plate XI. — Upper View. The Heap of Pyramid Steps as found behind the Northern Peribolus Wall of the Mausoleum. One of the figures in this view, is leaning on the npper course of this wall. The Lower View in this Plate shows the appearanoe of the excavation on the North Side of the Mausoleum Quadrangle, before the discovery of the Peribolus Wall, on which rested the Garden Wall, seen on the right in this View. Plate XII. — Four Views of the Excavations on the East and South sides of the Mausoleum Platform. In the “View of Wall — South aide of Platform,” in this Plate, the conical hill at the foot of which the Mausoleum is built is seen in the distance beyond the flagstaff. Plate XIII. — View, Plan, and Section of Staircase on the South side of the Mausoleum. Sections and Plans of Sepulchral Chambers, ibid. Sections of Galleries in various parts of the Platform. Plate XIV. — Three Views of Sepulchral Chambers on the South side of the Mausoleum. View of Wall on the Eastern side of the Platform. Plate XV. — Two Views taken in the Courtyard of the Konak of Salik Bey, the head-quarters of the Expedition ; the Lions and other Marbles from the Mausoleum, collected for shipment, are lying on the ground. Plate XVI. — Plan of Basement. The size of the sepulchral chamber which contained the remains of Mausolus is here laid down on the evidence of a cutting in the rock, the bottom of whioh is on the same level as that of the passage closed by the great stone found in situ. The small scale of this chamber, and its somewhat irregular position in reference to the area of the basement may be accounted for, if we suppose the object to have been concealment of the exact place of sepulture. Similar small chambers occur in the Pyramids. Plan of the Peristyle and Celia. The cella may have been used as a temple, and, in that case, there would have been a door at the west end, but, ns no remains of architectural mouldings suitable for it were found, its external face is not restored, but its position merely indicated in the section. It will be seen that the dimensions of the length and breadth of the cella are taken exclusive of pilasters. Plate XVII. — Plan of Upper Part of Peristyle, showing the arrange- ment of Lacunaria. Plan of the Pyramid, showing the positions of the Ridges and Cramps. Plate XVIII. — Elevation of South Side. This shows the edifice as it would be seen from the sea, rising grandly above the surrounding buildings. Plate XIX. — Elevation of the West Front. It is presumed that, according to the general analogy of Greek temples, the entrance was on the west side, though the main approach to the platform of the peribolus was most probably by a succession of terraces and staircases from the shore of the harbour on the south side. At each of the four comers of the basement is placed an equestrian figure, similar to the torso discovered in situ. It is very possible that the podium was enriched by friezes or other sculptural decoration ; but, as no remains of figures or reliefs suitable in scale for such a position were found, it has not been thought desirable to add such features to a restoration based as far as possible on positive data. Plate XX. — Transverse Section, looking West. This plate shows how the area of the sepulchral chamber must necessarily have been determined by the cutting in the rock. This chamber was probably covered by slabs, placed transversely across it, as in the case of the chamber found by M. Spiegelthal in the mound of Halyattes, near Sardis. (See Bawlinson’s Herodotus, L p. 232.) The two domical chambers or tholi are similar in dimensions. Plate XXI. — Section through Peristyle at tlie Fronts, stowing the Lacunaria. This plate exhibits the probable construction of the pyramid and ceiling between the columns and walls of the cella on the fronts. Section through Peristyle at Sides, showing Lacunaria. Plate XXII. — Details of the Order. Drawn to 1-10 scale. Plate XXIII.— Half-Capital. On a scale of 6 inches to a foot. Plate XXIV. — Honeysuckle Ornament on Cymatium. This is of extremely elegant character. Plate XXV. — Various Stones. Fig. 1. Section through Pyramid Stones, showing how the Ridges and Grooves fit one another. Fig. 2. Upper Surface of a Course of Steps at the comer, showing the arrangement of the Kidges, and position of Cramp-holes. Fig. 3. Under Side of a Step, showing the Groove. Those parts of the grooves and ridges that were concealed by the step above are roughly worked, so that there were variations in the heights and widths, in some cases as much as an inch or more. Fig. 4. The Stone with the 9-inch Tread, from the course immediately below the platform. There has apparently been a ridgo at the back as well as at the sides of this stone, showing that it most probably belonged to the pyramid. Fig. 5. Elevation of end A. Fig. 6. Elevation of end B. Fig. 7. One of the stones from the Platform. The hollows in these stones seem to have been made to receive the rocky base upon which the horses and chariot rested, portions of which are attached to the foot of the horse. As the sinking varies in depth, and the rooky base in height, no account has been taken of the extra depth of the base in calculating the height of the pyramid and quadriga group. The extent of the rocky base beyond the horses and quadriga could not be ascertained. Fig. 8. Side Elevation of the same. Fig. 9. Similar Stone from Platform. Fig. 10. Side Elevation of the same. Figg. 11, 12. Two views of a Stone, which, probably, formed a support under the belly of one of the horses. Fig. 13. Fragment, perhaps from the base of one of the lions. Fig. 14. Side elevation of the same. Plate XXVI. — Various Stones. Fig. 1. Outer Elevation of the lower stone of Architrave. Fig. 2. Section through the same. Fig. 3. Upper Surface of the same, showing the ledges and the Recess for Trans- Fig. 4. Outer Elevation of the upper stone of Architrave. Fig. 5. Section of the same. There were two fragments of this stone found, one of which had a rough ledge at the back ; this is shown in the plate. Fig. 6. Upper surface of same, showing the recess for transverse beam. Fig. 7. Top of a Step from the Basement. Fig. 8. Top of Step of Stylobate, from the flank of the Peristyle. Fig. 9. Elevation of the same. Fig. 10. The Upper Side of Upper Lacunar Stone. Fig. 11. Elevation of the same. Fig. 12. Under side of the same. Figg. 13, 14. Elevation and Section of Stone, with twofascias, corresponding with those on the transverse beam, with which they ranged. Fig. 15. Upper surface of the same. Plate XXVII. — Various Stones. Fig. 1. Under Side of Transverse Beam. The rough part is that which was inserted in the wall of the cella. Fig. 2. Elevation of same. Fig. 3. Section through the same. The dotted line shows a slight variation in the level of the surface, and probably marks the line of junction of the lacunar stones. Fig. 4. Upper Surface of the same. Fig. 5. Upper surface of gutter stone, showing the ridges. Fig. 6. Section through the same. Fig. 7. Upper side of laounar stone. Fig. 8. Under surface of the same. Fig. 9. End elevation of the same. Figg. 10, 11. Fragments of stones not identified. Plate XXVIII. — Various Mouldings, full size. It has been thought desirable to give these mouldings to a large scale, as they afiord good examples for study. The profiles were all taken by the cymograph. It will be seen that Fig. 1 represents a section through the centre of the hollow of the capital, the ovolo moulding, and the bead of the apophyge. The others are from various parts of the building. Plate XXIX. — Various Mouldings, showing the original colours found on them. Fig. 1. Moulding, of which the position has not been ascertained. Fig. 2. Moulding from lacunar stone. Figg. 3, 4. Mouldings surmounting the frieze of the order. Fig. 5. Moulding from lacunar stone. (See Plate XXVII., fig. 8). Plate XXX. — Three Views of a Lion’s Head from the Cymatium. These lions’ heads are remarkable for the boldness and depth of the undercutting. This treatment would be suitable if the cornice were placed at a great height above the eye. Plate XXXI. — Various ancient Tombs, in which certain Features in the Design of the Mausoleum may be more or less recognized. Figg. 1, 2. Plan and section of a Nur-hag at Saut-Antine, in the island of Sardinia. Engraved, Della Marmora, Voyage en Sardaigne, Turin, 1840, P Uo II. Plate X. described ibid. pp. 73-7. Fig. 3. Elevation of a tomb of the Roman period, near Mylasa. Engraved Ionian Antiquities of Dilettanti Society, ii. Plates 24 — 30. Fig. 4. Tomb near Agrigeutnm in Sicily, called that of Theron. engraved, C.iuina, L'Architettura dei Princip. Pop. Ant. Roma, 1827, Sez. II. Tuv. LXXX. Fig. 5. Roman tomb at St. Rfimi, in the south of France, from a photograph. Fig. 6. Roman tomb called Enshfide’ Suffet, near Tripoli, in Africa. Engraved, Barth’s Travels in North and Central Africa, Loudon, 1857 (Eng. Trans.), i. p. 35. Fig. 7. Tomb, called that of Zechariah, in the valley of Jehoshaphat, Palestine. Engraved, De Saulcy, Voyage autour de la Mer Morte, Atlas, Plate XLL Fig. 8. Roman tomb, discovered by Dr. Barth near the well Taboniyeli, on the route from Tripoli to Murzuk, in Africa. Engraved, Barth’s Travels, L p. 124. Fig. 9. Roman tomb discovered by Dr. Barth at Wadi Tagije, on the route from Tripoli to Murzuk, in Africa. Engraved, Barth’s Travels, L p. 117. Figg. 10, 11. Perspective view, and plan of a tomb at Dugga, near Tunis, in Africa. Engraved and described, Transactions of the American Ethnological Society, — New York, 1845, i. p. 477, Plates IX. X. Plate XXXII. — Plan of Castle of St. Peter, Budrum. The darker tint on the walls shows what appears to be the earlier part of the Castle, and the lighter the more recent additions. Plate XXXIII. — View of the Castle, Budrum, from the Harbour. In the bastion next the sea, may be seen four heads of lions from the Mausoleum, projecting from the wall. Plate XXXIV.— Views. Budrum Castle. The upper view is taken from the westernmost of the two towers in the Inner Bayle. On the opposite side of the harbour is seen the rocky height called Caplan Calessy, the supposed site of the fortress Salmaois. The lower view shows the casemated battery by which the North Fosse, and first and second gateways are defended at the water’s edge. On the plate this is described as a view of the West Fosse, but it would be more exact to say the North Fosse, as the West Fosse may be considered to terminate at the second gateway. Plate XXXV. — Views. Budrum Castle. The upper view is taken from the easternmost of the two towers in the inner Bayle, and shews the Refectory at the south- east angle of the Castle. The lower view represents the westernmost tower in the Inner Bayle. Plate XXXVI. — Views. Budrum Castle. View of the Inner Fosse on the North Side, showing the two Towers. Interior of Refectory (see the Plan), through the broken floor of which is seen the roof of a chamber below. In the deep recesses for the windows, many names and armorial bearings of knights are carved on the walls. The third view in this plate represents a chamber at the top of the easternmost of the two central towers. Plate XXXVII. — Woodwork from the Rood-screen in the Chapel of the Castle, now a Turkish Mosque. Plate XXXVIII. — Upper View. Western Front of the Chapel. Lower View. Tessellated Pavements in Field of Hadji Captan. In the centre of the picture is represented the stage from which vertical views of the patterns on the pavemeut were obtained by photography. The figure standing nearly in the centra of the picture is Captain Towsey, R.N., commander of HALS. Oorgon. Plate XXXIX. — Plan of Roman Building, probably a Villa, in field of Hadji Captan. Budrum. Plan of Room A ibid. Plate XL. — Plans of Rooms B, C, and E ibid. Plate XLI. — Plan of Room D and passages adjoining it. Plate XLH. — Temple of Mars. Budrum. Plan and Sections. Plate XLIII. — Temple of Mars. Plan of Site. Plate XLIV. — View of Site of Temple of Mars, looking North. The old Turk represented in this view is the proprietor of the Held. View ibid, looking East. Plate XLV. — Plan of the Field of Chiaoux, showing ancient founda- tions probably on the site of a Temple of Demeter. Plate XLVI. — Terracottas from the same Site. Fig. 1. Demeter. Fig. 2. Winged figure, perhaps a Nemesis. Fig. 3. Persephone. (?) Fig. 4. Hydrophoros. Fig. 5. Cybele. Fig. 6 . Dionysos. Plate XL VII. Fig. 1. Hydrophoros. Fig. 2. Aphrodite. Fig. 3. Aphrodite. (?) Fig. 4. Persephone. Fig. 5. Demeter, or Gaia Kuurotrophos. Fig. 6. Persephone. (?) Plate XLVTII. — Foundations of an Hellenic Building, perhaps a Gymnasium, on Site of Ruined Monastery, called Hagia Marina. Plate XLIX. — Triopium Promontory, Gulf of Cos. On the base of Admiralty Chart No. 1604. Plate L. — Plan of Cnidus, on the base of Admiralty Chart No. 1553. Plate LI. — View of larger Harbour, Cnidus, showing the Ruins of the Ancient Mole at the Entrance. Another View in the same Harbour. The pier in this view was constructed for the use of the expedition. Plate LII. — View of small Harbour, Cnidus. View of Encampment of the Expedition on the North Shore of the large Harbour, ibid. See Plate L. Plate LIII. — Plan and Section of Temenos of Demeter and Per- sephone, Cnidus. Plate LIV. — View of Odeum, Cnidus. View of Temenos of Demeter, showing the three Niches marked in the Plan. Plate LV. — Seated figure of Demeter, found in Temenos of Demeter. Plate LVI. — Statue of Demeter Aclnea, from Temenos of Demeter. Plate LVII. — Statue of Persephone, from Temenos of Demeter. Plate LVIII. — Marbles, from Temenos of Demeter. Fig. 1. Term inscribed with dedication to Persephone by a priestess. Fig. 2. Pig. Fig. 3. Pig, dedicated to Persephone by Plathainis, the wife of Plato. Fig. 4. Calf. Figg. 5, 6 , 8, 9. Votive breasts. Fig. 7. Two heads of Erotes, probably a votive offering. Figg. 10, 11, 13, 15. Marble tablets, probably for the inscription of votive offerings. Fig 12. Calathus, dedicated by Xeno to Demeter and Peraephone. Fig. 14. Footstool, dedicated by Philis, a priestess, to Persephone. Fig. 17. Sculptured stone, perhaps a corbel ; on one faoe is foliage (fig. 16), on the other an ornament, apparently representing the mane of some animal. Plate LIX. — Terracottas. Fig. 1. Part of draped female figure from site of Mausoleum. Fig. 2. Part of draped female figure from Temenos of Demeter. Figg. 3, 4. Draped female figures imlulem. Plate LX. — Terracottas. Figg. 1 — 6. From the site of the Mausoleum. Fig. 7. Head of an old woman carrying a basket, kune. Fig. 9. Grotesque head of trumpeter. Fig. 10. Hydrophoros. Figg. 12, 13. Draped youthful figures, probably Persepho Fig. 8. Upper part of female figure playing on a tambour. From supposed Gymnasium, Cnidus, Fig. 11. Naked Boy crouching, holding in his right hand some square object, perhaps a mirror. From Field of Chiaoux, Budrum. Plate LXI. View of Colossal Lion, when first disoorered, on a promontory near Cnidus. View of the same after having been raised. Plate LXU. — Lion Tomb, Cnidus. Section through the Tomb. Sw" " ‘““S' r '"“ '■* at a, of a. „dj,i L, r b *“‘ “ a, ,t„„, .joe wli* it al „. a „„ d Older to diminish the weight. Fig. 2. General Plan of the Peribolus. cut awliv Mr! lmeS ln thS ,nteri ° r of the circular chamber show where the rock has been thenr,Ihah, r e t r cme • h the 1>nvement aud the rock ,lad aha >>™ channels on of . U j o r P “ ””" B “l” 1 ' 1 ™. A* oo low, ™ found in * bf o"sM ” I “ " "'HatUr -PPM, .ad Onto. l.diatod Plate LXIII. — Lion Tomb, Cnidus. West Elevation of the Tomb. The size of the stones in the walls between the probable positions of the joints are therefo South Elevation of the Tomb. i the columns could not be exactly ascertained, Jre marked by dotted lines. Plate LXIY.— Lion Tomb, Cnidus. Plan of the Tomb on the line of Stylobate. The dotted lines show the sizes and positions of the recesses for the reception of bodies. Plan of the Pyramid. It will be seen that the pyramid was of an oblong form to suit the pedestal of the ion The w,der steps were on the East and West sides; the lion faced due South, his head looking Westward towards Cnidus. Plate LXY .—Lion Tomb, Cnidus. Details of tbe Order. The flatness of the echinus of the capital and the proportion of the column indicate a period of art not inconsistent with the date of the tomb, if we suppose it to have been a little later than the Parthenon. The mouldings were most delicately worked, and were in excellent preservation, the arrises being still quite sharp. Plate LXVL— Full-sized Mouldings from tbe Order, taken by tbe Cymograph. Fig. 1. Cymatium and Corona of Cornice. The Cyma is here unusually flat. Fig. 2. Bed-mould of Cornice. Fig. 3. Echinus of Capital. Fig. 4. Ogee Base. Plate LXVII. — Panoramic View, taken from tbe Lion Tomb near Cnidus. In the distance are Cape Crio (Cnidus), Cos, Nisyros, Telos, and Rhodes. Plate LXVIII. — Plans and Sections of Temple of tbe Muses, and of supposed Gymnasium, Cnidus. Plate LXIX. — View of Entrance to Lower Theatre, from the West side. View of Tomb on Peninsula. Plate LXX. — Tomb on Peninsula. Plan. This building was in the form of a small temple of the Corinthian order, with two columns in antis. The fragments of the architectural members were so few, that no exact restoration was attempted. It seems to have had a barrel-vaulted roof. Front and End Elevation of Sarcophagus, marked C in the plan. Plate LXXI. — Tomb on Peninsula. Sarcophagus marked A in plan. This was hewn out of an immense block of marble, and was richly ornamented, but iu a late style of art. The Sarcophagus B was similar to A. Both are represented in the perspective view Plate LIX. Plate LXXII. — Odeum, Cnidus. Plan. This is an interesting example of this description of building. In front of the seats at A is the rostrum of the performer. The drum of a Doric column was found in position at ft. At the hack of the rostrum was originally a bronze railing, the sockets of which ora marked D D D on the Plan. Section of Odeum. Plan and Section of Alcove and Terrace adjoining Odeum. Plate LXXIII. — Plan of Acropolis, Cnidus. Plan and Section of Tripod Tomb, Cnidus. Plan of a Gateway, with Flanking Towers in the Western wall of Halicarnassus. Plate L X X IV ■ — View of Two of tbe Seated Figures from tbe Sacred Way, Branchidffi. The figure on the left has inscribed on the side of the chair the name of Chares, ruler of Teichioussa. Plate LXXV. — View of Four of the Seated Figures from the Sacred Way, Branchidaj. | Cnidus. Plate LXXVL — Plan, View, and Section of Sacred Way, Branchidte, showing the Position of the Seated Figures along the side of the Way. Plans and Sections of Basements of Tombs, ibid. Plate LXXVII. — Plan of Site of Temple of Hekate' Lagina. Plan and Sections of Tomb at Labranda. View of Tombs near Pasha Liman. Plate LXXVni. — View of Gateway leading into Peribolus of Temple of Hekate, Lagina. View of Ruins of Temple, ibid. Plate LXXIX. — Views of two slabs of frieze, ibid. Plate LXXX. — Views of two slabs of frieze, ibid. Plate LXXXI. — Plan of the Island of Cos. Mr. Pullan’s route is indicated by a red line. Plate LXXXH. — Plan, Section, and portion of tbe Architectural Members of tbe Charmyleion at Pyli, in Cos. Cippi from tbe bottom of a well at Cos. Plate LXXXIII. — Various Architectural Details. Cnidus. Plan of Byzantine Church, Myndus. Plan of Baths, ibid. Profile of Base of Column, ibid. Plan of Tomb at Assarlik. View of Western Vomitory of Lower Theatre. Plan and Section of Doric comic Half of Doric capital. Marble pillar on inscribed base. Temenos of Demeter. Architectural Sections and Elevations.! Temple of Two Corinthian Capitals. J Muses. Myndus, Assarlik, Cnidus. Plate LXXXTV . — Terracottas from Excavations at Cnidus. Figg. 1—3. Handles of lamp, from Temenos of Demeter. On fig. 2 is represented a head of Hades or Serapis. On fig. 3 a figure of Harpokrates. Fig. 4. Part of a seated figure in relief, perhaps Hades, indidem. Fig. 5. Lamp, in the form of Hekate, the arms supporting the spouts, indid. Fig. 6. Part of a group in relief, representing Bacchus riding on a tiger, 'j Fig. 7. Part of a group of two figures, perhaps Herakles and a robber. Supposed Fig. 8. Dog’s head. I Gymna- Fig. 9. Part of a figure of Mercury. I sium. Fig. 10. Handle of a lamp, terminating in a ram’s head. J Cnidus. Plate LXXXV. Inscription No. 1. Part of a decree of the people of Halicarnassus and Salmacis in which the names Lygdamis and Panyasis occur. Budrum. Plate LXXXVI. No. 3. Decree relating to the building of a Stoa, to be dedicated by the people of Halicarnassus to Apollo and King Ptolemy. Budrum. No. 4. Sepulchral stele inscribed with the name of Theotime, wife of Histiteos. Eastern Cemetery, Budrum. No. 5. Dedication to Demeter and Persephone, found on supposed site of their temple. Budrum. Plate LXXXVII. No. 6. Decree of the Augustan period. Budrum. Plate LXXXVni. No. 7. Dedication by tbe people of Cnidus to the physician, Servius Sulpicius Hekatteus. Cnidus. No. 8. Sepulchral inscription in Elegioo verse. Budrum. No. 9. Dedication by Aineas and Timokion. Budrum. No. 10. Sepulchral inscription to Hermokrates, son of Mosohos. Budrum. No. 1 1 . Dedication to C. J. Theopompos, son of Artomidoros, by the people of Julia Laodicma. Cnidus. No. 12. Inscription relating to a Gymnasium. Budrum. Plate LXXXIX. — Inscriptions found in Temenos of Demeter, Cnidus. No. 13. Dedication to Demeter by Diokleia, wife of Archidamos. No. 14. Dedication to Demeter, Persephone, Pluto Epimachos, and Hermes, by Sostratos, son of Laohartos. No. 15. Dedication of a temple and statue to Demeter and Persephone, by Chrysina, wife of Hippokrates, in consequence of a dream. No. 16. Dedication to Demeter and Persephone by Adinna, the wife of Polychares. No. 17. Dedication to Demeter and Persephone by Platbainis, wife of Plato. No. 18. Dedication of thank-offerings and atonements to Demeter, Persephone, and the Deities associated with them, by Platbainis, wife of Plato. No. 19. Dedication of a marble pig to Persephone by Plathainis, wife of Plato. No. 20. Fragment of dedication to Demeter. No. 21. Dedication to Demeter, Persephone, and the Deities associated with them by Nikokleia, the wife of Apollopbanes. No. 22. Dedication to Demeter and Persephone by Xeno. No. 23. Dedication to Persephone by Philis, a priestess. No. 24. Dedication to the Dioscuri by Alkimacha. No. 25. Dedication to Demeter by Agesiklea. No. 26. Dedication to Persephone by a priestess. No. 27. Fragment of a dedication, by the wife and children of some unknown person. Plate XC. — Inscriptions from Cnidus. No. 28. Dedication to Artemis Iakynthotrophos of a statue of Dion, son of Xeno- phon, by bis grandmother, Demetria. The name of the sculptor, Xenodotos, son of Meuippos of Cnidus, is inscribed below. Gymnasium, Cnidus. No. 29. Inscription in elegiac verse on the base of a statue of Hermes Pheneates, which stood in the lemenos of the hero Antigonos at Cnidus. No. 30. Dedication to (Hermes) Peisinous by Eukrates and Chryso. Gymnasium, Cnidus. No. 31. Inscription in iambic and trochaic verse, on the base of a statue of Hermes. Gymnasium, Cnidus. Plate XCI. — Inscriptions from Cnidus. No. 32. Dedication in gratitnde for medical aid by Apollonidas of Alexandria, probably from a temple of HSsculapius. No. 33. Fragment of votive inscription. Temple of the Muses. No. 34. Dedication by Theodoras to the gods ; below is part of the name of an artist from Eleutliernm in Crete. Lower Theatre. No. 35. Dedication of a statue of Epikrates to Asklepios by Philokrates. Lower Theatre. Plate XCII. — Inscriptions from Cnidus. No. 36. Decree of the people of Cnidus in reference to the worship of Dionysos. No. 37. Dedication to the Emperor Hadrian. No. 38. Dedication to the gods by Euphranor, son of Thersimachos. No. 39. Dedication to the gods of a statue of Julia Epianassa, by the people of Cnidus. No. 40. Dedication of an altar by the Demiourgos of Cnidus. No. 41. Inscription recording the contributions to a Bacchic tliiasos. No. 42. Sepulchral inscription in elegiac verse. Street of Tombs, East of Cnidus. No. 43. Dedication to the Muses of a statue of Glykinna by her family. The name of the sculptor Epikrates, son of Apollono3, is inscribed below. Plate XCIII. — Inscriptions from Cnidus. Nos. 44 — 50. Fragments of decrees made by the people of Cnidus in honour of Lykajthios, son of Aristokleides and others. No. 47 seems to be part of a decree in honour of Theopompos, son of Artemidoros. Tomb on Peninsula. No. 51. Dedication to Apollo Pythios by Kephisodoros, Demiourgos of Cnidus. Temple of Muses. No. 52. Decree of the people of Cnidus in honour of a priest of Artemis Iakyn- thotrophos, probably Artemidoros. Plate XCIY. — Inscriptions from Cnidus. No. 53. Inscription recording the name of a certain Meliton, citizen of Antioch and meioichos of Cnidus. On the same marble with No. 54. No. 54. Epitaph, by Athis on his wife, in elegiac verse. Street of Tombs, East of Cnidus. Nos. 55, 56. Inscriptions on small marble Sori, from Tripod tomb. Plate XCV. — Inscriptions from Cnidus and Brancliidaa. No. 57. Dedication to the gods of a statue of Sosibios of Alexandria, by Agatlio- boulos of Alexandria. The names of the artists Menodotos (?) and Mcnippos of Chios, are inscribed below. Lower Theatre, Cnidus. No. 58. Fragment of an epitaph in elegiac verse. Lower Theatre, Cnidus. No. 59. Dedication by the Senate and people of Brancliidaj, in honour of Leukios. son of Leukios, victor in the Didymean Games. Branchidte. No. 60. Inscription containing the names of several persons who had filled the office of Prophetes of Apollo at Branchidte. Branchidte. No. 61. Dedication by Flavius Andreas, Prophetes of Apollo at Branchidte. Plate XCVI. — Inscriptions from Lagina and Budrum. No. 62. Inscription in honour of some public benefactor of the inhabitants of Lagina. Temple of Hekate, Lagina. No. 63. Dedication to Hermes and Herakles. Budrum. No. 64. Sepulchral inscription to Melanthios, a physician, with epitaph in elegiac verse. Budrum. No. 65. Inscription on the base of a Priapic Term. Budrum. Plate XCV II. — Inscriptions from Branchidte. No. 66. Dedication of statues as a tenth to Apollo, by a number of persons, probably citizens of Miletus. Inscribed on the back of a lion found on the Sacred Way. No. 67. Dedication by the sons of Anaximander, inscribed on the base of some object mado by an artist called Terpaikles. Found on the Sacred Way. No. 68. Part of the same, repeated on the opposite side of the base. No. 69. Inscription recording the names of Ionian and Carian soldiers in the service of Psammetichus I., king of Egypt. Found at Aboo-Simbel in Nubia. The date of this inscription is, probably, about B.C. 650. No. 70. Fragment of Archaic inscription, found in wall of a modern house. Geronta (Branchidas). No. 71. Part of the name of a sculptor inscribed on the chair of one of the figures found on the Sacred Way. No. 72. Dedication to Apollo by Chares, ruler of Teichioussa, inscribed on the chair of his statue found on the Sacred Way. No. 73. Inscription recording the Victory of Glaukos, on the back of one of the figures found on the Sacred Way. ) WYMAN, PRINTERS, GREAT QUEEN STREET, LINCOLN S-INN KI ELDS, LONDON. PLATE. I. PLATE II Mosque Burial Ground Vakuf QUADRANGLE mausoleum Alunet Bej~s Fig Field I Fragments of Wheel & of Colossal Horse [adjLNalbnn’s Property Alelitncda's Proi Ahmet Bey’s Housep Saliha's Garden 'Sal ilia's Ali Bey’s Field ISalik Bey's Jhiaoux Garde: Kon ak C ourt -Yard : u cti_u_f Salik Bey's Garden ial Ground it r * Day & &m, I . i Q ff ro thr Ouasu HADJI N ALBAN'S HOUSE. 3J.TE D ? MAUSOLEUM. SBCfBDSTS. iV-srt M: r ^M fca 'H- aw ©ismeffiiML cimmjbe ■ " ■ ' . 1 A y IILIU ESI . MAKS'- IP TT.&W JPBmiSTSfXlB. HALF MAH' ®F MSSMSH. Xanclon.,Day & Son, LitK? to the Queen PLATE MI. K»&[iil!§[LE!5 W. IL&IJF FILM ©IF MBISTmS, SMEWHH© lEACTHASBIA. MAIL IP ML AH ®F IP Y®, AM IB , R.P. P. rest 1 SCALE 1-100. LandoiwDay & San, Littf? to the Queen. • ; v - . ..v HI A y S 0 IIITATIOI ®3F R..PP. rest 1 : London,Day&.Son.Ii \j} Mmmm . . tEjiATE m Milltll M eievatum m west emk . PLATE XX. PLATE XXI II A !l S 0 L E ll M . 2ECT3DST TUMTOfflE MSISfmE M MDHS MEWM© r~^i msmm anwa Miirffl m mm& sun© Momm. SCALE 1-30. RPE 1-31' lonflan., Days San, LiiK? id the Qpeen.. PLATE XXII. MAUSOLEUM. SlTiHS ©S' B..P.P. restf SCALE 1-5-10. . a; U p4 London, Day & Sait, .Lith rs to the Queen. i.Dajrfc Spn. Lith”to the Queen mmm LIONS HEADS FROM CYMATIUM a ir )ay&SaiXitlPtD the Queen.. .DEgr& Son, Li.tK s g> the Queen. VIEW OF INNER FOSSE- INTERIOR OF REFECTORY. UPPER CHAMBER OF HIGH TOWER. MOSAIC I ATEIIST. pnasa @i? is ® ® sa b. PLATE XIII. 1 ID E) IS Bg LonckiuBay & Sort Lith. rs id the Queen TERRACOTTAS PIELD OF CHIAOUX. G\M C Cuiloclv, ]itk . VIEW! OF SOUTH HARBOUR & ANCIENT MOLE, jgraphs byB.Spac!kroan] VIEW OF SOUTH HARBOUR & PIER % JgJ • V ^ . , . \ - — ;• — i- SB***--- '-^' i.-- - '- ' v - •• ■' ■• - 4 ‘c:i: ■;-*{•-■-■ ■ -•: PLATE, LTU. e n i 0 u s PiARl @F TUfflUKlBS OF iECaETER. 1 Stable . of Persephone Lamps . 2. Seated female figure Inscription. 3. Terra-cotta figures . 4. Two female heads. Inscriptions 5. Pigs, Inscriptions —Glass &c. 6. Base Icniale Ann. 7. Statue of Demeter tamps &c. 8. Lamps, Terra-cotta figures. 9. Fragments of Sculpture Hands. &c 10. Stone Spout . WcfIZMM Hard Limestone Rock . It— — Ll Brown Unstratified Rock. f3j. . ; SS Recent. Soil . Ancient Soil . ZU Wall. R. M . Smith. Lieut .RE. del 1 Day & Son,nef*t d tie Quean PLATE LV e E3 o ® uu Froc. .3. PhotegrajSs Lgodfii. D*y & Son . Iittftc the Quean. STATUE OF DEMETER. FROM TEMEN03 OF DEMETER. ft If 1 Onllorl, litli e ri a is i PLATE LVLH. Full 7 Gcodier -M st hth Lca*kay& San.Lidf?tD4eQueea MARBLES VARIOUS FROM TEMENOS OF DEMETER. fig 10 PLATE LXIII London., Day 3: Son, IitH?tothe Queen. D1MI3LS ©S' ©JEM d dd PLATE LXVI. Day & San.. loth” ro the Queen- London Day & S anLitif\o th e Queen . r ■ . . , . . era i © 53 §„ ©H FII1ISIM. SCALE OF FEET. [PHAM ©IF T®sa®0 SCALE OF FEET. RFF . ■ ! Day A Sou. die Qiiecn. i - < I . I PLATE mi: FK®N1T gILl VAT 0 ® H. C N I © U s. §AIR€©P1HIA(OT§ 2W TOM3B .©IF FTiWTTW^lTTM §0®! ELI ^7 ATQ © K0„ LandmJDay & Sczclith? to the Queen. PLATE LXXIII. Tt&IPQlS) ¥®Sa3 CNIDUS. PLAN A GATEWAY m ANCIENT TOLL ©? E&UCANNASSIlilS. R M. Smith LieutRE.dd. PLATE LXXV1I. THMIIPILl CD IF MiK&fl L A G I H A . V R M\ Smith Lieut 1 RE leR @I(gTD® M ® KI E E. f®EO AT hAmnA^WA. § g ® T J ® !8 A B. SIOTfl®®! ® M CD. T0MBS WEAK PASHA 3LIMAM SCALE. 6 Feet to the Incli . Day & Son,iiaiT? to tile Queen. rjjn ll\l irX a HEKATE from Phi ty ? opadansn R E. vVAY OF FERIBOLUS OF TEMPLE PLATE LXXXII. Day t Cl YAE lO^K A P M l-A-NO i TO r N YAT lO^HN A i 0 EAHIAI K A I iOAIPEPIPH .01 Kin. N EPIK A A T-O-E N OKTAKA ■ KaN\H(I N AP 0 T O A A 0 E ETENE NOMJTIAEKAT A p P NYN OPK-O-I i K AIKAE TA( 0 T ANOIMNH/AO , 1 A E/MIPTO Y r K APTEPONENJA A E I 1 (YET EPON E PIKAAHITOY : TOxPONOTAN OK T-H-KAIAEKA NjTNOPKOPENA 1 T jTI N E/MO/AEN-A: H rr HNHTAO 1 K AO PKON A ET A 1 K A? T A (HAM K T ONAEIA /A C TONAEOPKONEI aipapeontoe NEE T H K O TOIK AP T E POCa El NA!P : AIOIKIaNOITINEE TOT E 1 XON OTE l A-ONlAHf KAIPANA AAY H(|M N HMOi oneimhyitepo NAPEP EP A CAP noaontoyton HNXI E O E A HI X EAI H PPOO HTA Y T e ME I n AlTONNOAO NTOYTONTAEONT A yTOPEPPHIOtl KA IT-PYPOAA-n- N; einai 1 EPAKAIA YTON cf> EYPENA: H N A E A\ H H 1 AY -0-1 AT I A A E KA : T H P_n_AAY TO/V E PPH ( 0 A I E P v Pj-lPHI KAIAH /TAkAO 0 A 0 N : A 1 E E A Al KAPM HilONAA I K A UETEMAETTLE.C YAPANTjT N T YllEAEYO EPONE NAIO(ANT AY T aa PA BA 1 A/ H 1 Kato PEPTAOPKI A ETA - KA|jT ETEE PAPT A 1 ENT-O-I A P O A A I JTIEPIKAAEAI /V\ INSCRIPTION RELATING TO EYGDAMIB. IB M ® i& Ofl SB PLATE, LXXXV1 .^AAIKAHNI ;? AlA I XO| AETARiAIAOT Q ,fT^APAXPHMATO| XE PI S AHTAIXOIAEEI r>! LfONTONPAflXTON AONTAprnxAAN KOM'lXnNTAldflpPoA ANEIXTAIPO j POYI YPOKE|XQAI AYT01X TO Y XT E YP O T E OENTAX E I XTOBOYA E YTH PION ] | (c OMIXAMErkO-NOlXPROT E PpNYPE TEOH ZANYTOK Ei'/XOAIAEAY TOIXKAI I [iTOYX YPOTE 0E NT AXE I X TAXE IKON AXTHNPE NTH.WJZ TH N K Al TOPPAHr\OY X A A K I A IT H j IXTIAIOYAEPYN R | IXTIAIoXX APAIANO'X A -- - - - , i - NANNION kAAAIWEoTE PAIAEXAOHNOPPlToY KAAAIkAHX AlOXkoTPIAHX /AHTPoAnPOX AOHNOAOPOX APIXTOKAHX YPEPTHXMHTPOX AHMHTPIkAlkoPHI INSCRIPTIONS. § i ® ® W B3 . PLATE. LXXX.V1I. K 1 ? 6, /"tJ H A I A N I OZ K ArAo^T^rTT^'VD-T-rTrtfm^ir^r I O.J f ETONArAOONnPOI yhepbaaaoyx axe yeptexiai aimoJ / / - E XAPIZ ATOkAILAPATONXEBAXTONENEP AAENH T A kA0HAAX EYAAI/AONIBinmATPlAAENTHI OY n, hTHI AOX 0E AX PAPAHE Al AAEPATPOONkAIZCLTHPA - k A yOYTHN ANQPnnnNrENOYIOY TTPONOIATAX.i HN j, AIOYKEHAHPAI EAVONONAAAAKAlYnEPHIE F EPI NEY’ V l MENTAPTH k AIOAAAT TAnOAEIlAEANOOYI INEYNOMI^ : '/AONOIAITEKAIEYETHPIAlAkAHTEKAl4>OPAnANTOXEXTl\ i r AOOYE ATT I A ON PA ENXPHXTANTTPOX TOPAEAAOMEYQY AAI A )e EIZTOTT APONTONANOPnn ONENnEPAHX MENONArAs. ! HNKA MAI1NOY I lAIXTEk AlYYNOI ITHNEAYTOM | -r TO N TOY T fl N AO O EOX E-l L A : O AN - ZTAkETO / T'OYTA 4- ... A “ o I _ H - ! rrOA m \ oyaetoy4h4 at/. "E ENEITHUPflMHlkAIJ' o A IEPEQI TAIOY IOYAIOYA" IA 1 KAII APOIEN AETAIE AAAAII PP/. _ NAP XONT flN KA©IEPn©HNAI A|.Y n 1 T H I PI POE PTTA K A A A N A fl NAE^ ' P N POT E IE PEO N KA lAP.^”""" O P TAIO N TA N T A N ANY IITH H ME PANT A;' Na INAITOYI?/ H ); AOK/ O I MA ( AlTpl OTB.I ENHT : 1 4 II/.' London.. E-t. k San.LnWto’&e. Gue*&- INSCRIP TION London .Day & Son.Llth^ 3 to lie Queen. PLATE. LXXXIX. A AM AT PIAIOKAEIANI K AropAAPXlAA MOT r TNA K?I4 SnXTPATOX AAXAPTOT AAMATPItJOYRAirAOTTONIEP-iMAxm EPMAI wis KoYPAIKAiAAAAATPiO|KoNKAIArAA/AANE OHKENXPTZoroNH AAHTHPirnoKPA'rors aeaaoxoj: xpyxinaennyxianoyin IAO~r X AIEPANE PA\ H 51 ILAP MINE <|>H2: EOEAA TAONHIPPoroAEYEiN if”' 1 ' A A!NNA£ YxroAloIAIs:i E P E I A A H MHT P | K A 1 KOYPAIE YXHN KOTPAI "AT H ZI KAEA S? 2 G. A E 1 A 1' E P E l A K O Y P A 1 AAM ATP 1 s ’ 2 ‘ 1 ' A AK c I ax a A N A I "KTTAA nak aitau London. 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