/ Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2014 https://archive.org/details/reportonmanuscriOOgrea HISTOKICAL MANUSCKIPTS COMMISSION. REPORT ON THE MANUSCRIPTS OF THE EARL OF VERULAM, PRESERVED AT GOEHAMBUEY. ^tz&tnUb to parliament by CommatttJ of itts JHajest^. LONDON : PRINTED FOR HTS MAJESTY'S STATIONERY OFF TOE BY BEN JOHNSON & CO.. YORK. And to be purchased, either directly or through any Bookseller, from WYMAN and SONS, Ltd.. Fetter Lane, E.C.; and 32, Abingdon Street, Westminster, S.W. ; or OLIVER & BOYD, Edinburgh; or E. PONSONBY, 116, Grafton Street, Dublin. < 1906. [Cd. 2973.] Price Is. M, SALE OF GOVERNMENT PUBLICATIONS. The under-mentioned Firms have been appointed sole Agents for the sale of Government Publications, including Parliamentary Reports and Papers, Acts of Parliament, Record Office Publications, &c, &c. (excepting Ordnance Maps and Geological Maps and Memoirs, the Hydro- graphical Works of the Admiralty, the Journal of the Board of Agriculture, and Patent Office Publications), and all such works can be purchased from them either directly or through retail booksellers, who are entitled to a discount of 25 per cent, from the selling prices :— IN EM GLAND :— Messrs. Wyman and Sons, Ltd., Fetter Lane, E.G. IN SCOTLAND :— Messrs Oliver and Boyd, Edinburgh. IN IRELAND :— Mr. E. Ponsonby, 116, Grafton Street, Dublin. Hydrographical Works of the Admiralty are sold by Mr. J. D. Potter, 145, Minories, E- The Journal of the Board of Agriculture is sold by Messrs. Laughton and Co., Ltd., No, 3, Wellington Street, Strand, W.C. Patent Office Publications are sold at the Patent Office. The Publications of the Ordnance Survey and of the Geological Survey can be purchased from Agents in most of the chief towns in the United Kingdom, through any Bookseller, or from the Director General of the Ordnance Survey, Southampton, or, in the case of Ireland, from the Superintendent, Ordnance Survey, Dublin. In addition, Ordnance Survey Publications can be obtained through Head Post Offices in towns where there are no accredited Agents. The following is a list of some of the more important Parliamentary and Official Publications recently issued : — Parliamentary : Statutes— Public General Acts, 1906. In course of issue. Local and Personal Acts, 1905, published separately; 3d. per 4 pp. Arm ii Act — Consolidation — including amendments to 1906. In the press. Public General, Session 1905. With Index, Tables, &c. Cloth. Price 3*. Index to Local and Personal Acts, 1801 — 1899. Price 10s. Index to Local and Personal Acts, 1900 — 1905, Each year may be purchased separately. Second Revised Edition. 1235—1886. XVI. Vols. ' Price 7*. Gd. each. Revised Editions. Tables showing subsequent Repeals, effected by Acts of Session 2 Edward VII. 1902. Price 6d. statutes in Force. Chronological Table and Index of. 21st Edition. To the end of the Session 5 Edward VII. (1905). 2 Vols. . Price 10s. 6rf. The Statutory Uu.les and Orders revised. Statutory Rules and Orders, other than those of a Local, Personal, or Temporary character, in force on December 31, 1903. Vols. I. to XIII. Price 10s. each. Statutory Hides and Orders other than those of a Local, Personal, or Temporary character. With a List of the more important Statutory Orders of a Local character arranged in classes ; and an Index. Roy. Svo. Boards. Issued in 1890 to 1904. Price 10s. each statutory Rules and Orders in force on 31st December, 1903. Index to. Price 10s. Historical Manuscripts. Reports of the Royal Commissioners. In course of issue. Cd. 2817.] Egypt and ths Soudan. Lord Cromer's Report on Finances and Condition; 1905. Price Is. bd. Cd. 2825-2826.] Trades Disputes. Report of Royal Commission, with Evidence and Appendix. Price 4s. $d. "Cd. 2852, 2891, 2S92.] Vagrancy. Report of Departmental Committee ; with Evidence and Appendix and Index. Labour Colonies Abroad, &c. Price 10s- 3d. Cd. 2932, 2933, 2934.] Louping ill and Braxy. Report of Departmental Committee, and details of Investigation. Price 4s. 5%d. [Cd 2959, 2960 ] Railway Rates. Preferential Treatment for Foreign and Colonial Produce. Report of Departmental Committee, with Evidence, <£c. Price 3s. Ad. ( J. 2961.] Licensing Statistics, 1905. Operation and Administration of Laws for the Sale of Intoxicating Liquors. Price Is. Id. [Cd. 2963.] School Training for Home Duties for Women, in Foreign Countries. Price Is. 6d. Cd. 2978, 2979.] Agricultural Settlements in British Colonies. Report of Departmental Committee, with Evidence, &c. Price 3s. 6d. "Cd. 3040.] Ecclesiastical Discipline. Report of Royal Commission. Price 9d. Endowed Charities, England and Wales. Separate Parishes. Reports thereon; in course of issue. Minks. Reports of H.M, Inspectors for 1905, with Summaries of the Statistical portion under the provisions of the Coal Mines Regulation Act, 1887 ; Metalliferous Mines Regulation Acts, 1872-1875; Slate Mines (Gunpowder) Act, 1882, Districts Nos. 1 to 12. Price 9s. d$d. Minks in the United Kingdom and the Isle of Man. List of, for 1905. Price 3s. Id. Q carries. Ditto. ditto. ditto. 1905. Price 4s. lOd. Mines Abandoned. Plans of, List of the. Corrected to 31st December, 1905. Price Is. HISTOKICAL MANUSCRIPTS COMMISSION. REPORT ON THE MANUSCRIPTS OF THE EARL OF VERULAM, PEESERVED AT GOKHAMBUKY. presented to ^atiiixmcnt Inr Command of iHajcsty. LONDON : PRINTED FOR HIS MAJESTY'S STATIONERY OFFICE BY BEN JOHNSON & CO., YORK. And to V>e purchased, either directly or through any Bookseller, from WYMAN and SONS, Ltd., Fetter Lane, E.C.; and 32, Abingdon Street, Westminster, S.W.; or OLIVER & BOYD, Edinburgh; or E. PONSONBY, 116, Grafton Street, Dublin. 1906. [Cd. 2973.] Price Is. U. PREFACE. The manuscripts of the Earl of Verulam, preserved at Gorhambury, near St. Albans, consist for the most part of correspondence belonging to the latter half of the seven- teenth century and to the eighteenth ; there is extremely little relating either to Sir Nicholas Bacon, the Lord Keeper of the reign of Queen Elizabeth, or to his more famous son, Sir Francis Bacon, Baron Verulam and Viscount St. Albans. Gorhambury itself formed part of the possessions of St. Albans Abbey, and a hitherto unknown charter granted to the Abbey by Henry II is printed in extenso on page 1 of this report ; Archbishop Beket witnesses the charter as Chancellor. After the dissolution Gorhambury was granted to Sir Balph Rowlatt, of whom it was acquired by Sir Nicholas Bacon in 1555 (p. 185). It is probable that at least a considerable portion of the house (now 7 a ruin) in Gorhambury Park, was erected after the acquisition of the property by Sir Nicholas. Sir Francis, as is well known, was dissatisfied with the means of obtaining a supply of water for the house, and erected, some distance to the north east, and on the road from St. Albans to Dunstable, a residence which became known as Verulam House, or the Pondyards. He died there in 1626. After his death the Gorhambury estate passed to his great niece, the wife of Sir Harbottle Grimston, speaker of the House of Commons, and Master of the Polls. He appears to have resumed residence at Gorhambury itself and to have bestowed Verulam House upon his son George, who died issue- less in 1655, after marrying Sarah, a daughter and co-heir of Sir Edward Alston ; she enjoyed possession of it for life. Several letters from her, w T ritten to father-in-law, Sir Harbottle Grimston, during the year following that in which she w T as left a widow, occur in the collection (pp. 51-53), and refer to the house. It was finally pulled down in 1663, with the exception of a small portion which still stands. The building can have been of but modest dimensions as we learn from the Hearth Tax return for that year, that the demolished portion only contained eleven hearths. The old mansion at Gorhain- iv. bury remained the scat of the family for over a hundred years, and was of some magnitude as Sir Harbottle, in 1G81, paid tax upon forty-one hearths in respect of it (p. 208). A few interesting references to alterations in Gorhambury Mouse, more particularly in the chapel, occur in the calendar under the dale 1672. A portion of the stone used was taken from the adjacent nunnery of Sopwell (pp. 77-80). Sir Harbottle died in 1683, and an account of the charges for his funeral occur on p. 87. He was succeeded by his younger son, Sir Samuel Grimston, who died in 1700, and whose funeral, which was evidently attended with much solemnity, cost 106/. 65. 2d. ; many of the items in the account of the funeral charges are of interest and illustrate the pomp and grandeur with which the ceremony was conducted (pp. 112-113). On Sir Samuel's death the property passed to his great nephew, William Luckyn, who assumed the name of Grim- ston, and who, in 17.19, was created Viscount Grimston in the Kingdom of Ireland. Some slight alterations in the house at Gorhambury appear to have been made after he obtained possession of the property (p. 14). The present Gorhambury House was commenced, in 1777, by the third Viscount. There is a payment in 1775 for shoreing- up the old house and for making designs for a new one (p. 124), and under date 20th October, 1784, Viscount Grimston records : — " Took possession of our new house at Gorhambury on this day, after having been employed in building it seven years the second of last month (p. 131). Belonging to the Grimston family are some early docu- ments connected with an embassy to the King of France and the Duchess of Burgundy, on which Edward Grimston was sent in 1449, and for the conduct of which his integrity seems to have been called in question (pp. 8-11). His third wife was Philip, widow of Thomas, Lord Boos, by whose attainder she was " put from her dower and joyntoure ;" Edward Grimston and his wife thereupon petitioned the Crown for relief (p. 12). Sir Edward Grimston, a descendant, was at the time of the loss of Calais, controller of the town and its marches, and was carried prisoner, first to the French camp at Sandgate then back to Calais, then to Boulogne and Hardlow, Abbeville, Beauvais, St. Denys, and so to Paris, where he was incarcerated V. in the Bastille. The account of his confinement there, and of escape, is full of incident (pp. 13-2-2). On reaching England he was subjected to a trial for high treason, but was honour- ably acquitted ; he died on the 24th February, 1599-1600, at the age of 92. Following this narrative there come in chronological sequence certain papers connected with St. Albans election, trade with Italy, the Company of Merchant Adventurers, Baronets, Coke's Reports, the Spanish Match, John Williams, Bishop of Lincoln, the proceedings against the Five Members and the farming of the Customs; these papers are probably connected with the Bacon family. The majority of other documents here calendared evidently found their way to Gorhambury through the Grimstons. Amongst them may be noted a series of projects put forward, in 1632, for the relief of the poor in Colchester and in regard to the licensing question. These projects are most interesting from the suggestions made for dealing with what were then, and always will be, extremely difficult subjects ; the suggestions include putting down needless ale-houses and the erection and maintenance of parochially managed public-houses (pp. 31-35). Sir Harbottle Grimston's position as Master of the Bolls accounts for the presence at Gorhambury of several documents connected with the Court of Chancery, its officials, and their transaction of its business (pp. 57, and 72-74). As Master of the Rolls he was statutory keeper of the Public Records, and on the 9th of September, 1661, the famous William Prynne addressed to him, from Lincoln's Inn, a graphic account of the exertions of that painstaking antiquary in saving our national archives from destruction. "Whilst you," writes Prynne, " are sucking in the fresh country air [the letter is addressed to Sir Harbottle at Gor- hambury] I have been almost choked with the dust of neglected records .... in the White Tower, their rust eating out the tops of my gloves with their touch, and their dust rendering me, twice a day, as black as a chimney sweeper. I have art last tumbled them all over and distributed them into sundry indigested heaps, which I intend, God willing, to reduce into order by degrees." His exertions had brought to light numerous parliamentary writs and other records, plea rolls, early chancery pleadings, VI. diplomatic documents, papa] hulls " under leaden seals " and "other records which I have rescued from the grave of oblivion." The work, he adds, was " so filthy and unpleasant" that his appointed helpers would not "soil their hands or clothes, nor endanger their healths to assist me in it." Be concludes by stating that he proposed to take three weeks' holiday and then "proceed with the cleansing of my Augean stable, and reducing the records into order" (p. 58) Prynne's efforts were acknowledged by the King on the 8th of May. 1665, by the appointment, for life, to " the office of clerk and keeper " of the records in the Tower and " the custody of our tower chamber house and place where the said rolls and records used to lie." (p. 59) The keeping of the then (or at all events then recently) current records of Chancery was evidently none too good and there is, amongst Sir Ilarbottle Grimston's papers, an undated and anonymous proposal for their better preservation. It refers to the daily loss and destruction of the Chancery records, due to want of a safe and suitable place for keeping them ; the " record houses " in which they were stored being so dark that searches had to be made by candle-light, and so damp that several bundles had rotted away " to the ruin of many families." The fees of the Six Clerks "hardly countervail" to put the records in order, and their custody is committed to under-clerks. To remedy all this the proposer offered to build a Record Office over the Master of the Rolls' coach-house, and to fasten the records up in vellum- wrapped bundles, place them in presses, and index them. In recompense for this chargeable work, "of unspeakable advantage to posterity," the proposer asked for t! e fees now paid for searches and to have the making of sheriffs' patents, and to have the office for a period of three fives to be named by him (p. 96). But Sir Harbottle Grimston was evidently not only mindful of the sale keeping of our national archives; he also extended a helping hand to historians who sought to make the con- tents of those documents available to the public. John Rush worth , the laborious compiler of the "Historical Collections," writes to Sir Harbottle on the 7th of May, 1(381, and acknowledges the encouragement and financial assistance he has received from him by the hands of Dr. Burnet. In this Vll. Letter, Bush worth enters into many interesting particulars as to the compilation of his work and his intentions in regard to it. (pp. 82-83). That the Master of the Rolls enjoyed the warm friendship and regard of his immediate legal chief, is abundantly clear from the letters which passed between Lord Chancellor Clarendon and himself in the year 1666, when the loyalty and integrity of the latter were called in question by Lord Fanshaw, a neighbouring Hertfordshire land owner, and evidently irascible supporter of the restored monarch. Fanshaw had committed, as dangerous and disaffected persons, Sir John Wittewronge, of Bothamsted, and Israel Mayo, of Bay ford, and Sir Harbofcfle brought the matter to the Chancellor's notice, receiving in reply the assurance that Clarendon was " exceedingly afflicted " at Fanshaw's " unwar- rantable folly." Infuriated at the whole affair Fanshaw seems to have cast the most public reflection on Sir Harbottle's own loyalty, saying that he had " as deep a hand as any person in that horrid rebellion, or in that bloody rebellion," or words to that effect. " If," continues Sir Harbottle, " I must continually receive these provocations everywhere bespattered with these false aspersions, I am resolved to quit the country and live in some other place where I hope to meet with more kindness " (pp. 62-63) ; a sentiment which drew from Clarendon a letter in which occurs the passage: " Can you think any wild dis- course of th's rash man [Lord Fanshaw] can have any influence upon your regulation? and are you so poore spirited that his folly can make you think of leaving the country? If he doth not reforme himself he will quickly be forced to leave the country himself." (p. 72). Sir John Wittewronge's justification of his conduct is printed in full on pages 63 to 65 of the calendar, and possesses a special interest from the passage in which he deals with the charge brought against him by Fanshaw that he had enriched himself with the property of Charles L, after the outbreak of the Civil War, and that his house contained these treasures on Charles II's restoration. " I must confess," writes Witte- wronge, " I was ever a lover of pictures, and when that lamentable dispersion was made of his majesty's goods I did, in several places, buy several pictures that were his majesty's; some out of shops in London, others of some of his majesty's viii. servants that had them assigned for satisfaction of the King's debts, all of which presently alter his majesty's happy return I did voluntarily present to the King at Whitehall (and that before any order came forth for so doing), which I doubt not but his majesty may in part remember. However, I protest 1 kept not a hoof behind, nor not so much as one little piece done with a pen that cost me eight shillings ; how many pieces 1 had I do not now remember, neither I think it is material ; but I know they cost me near 300/. ; but for any other goods of his majesty L never touched one pennyworth." Apart from the interest which Clarendon's letters possess as illustrating his sentiments with regard to Fanshaw's charges, they have also an interest from the references which occur in several to the Great Plague, and the paralyzing effect which that "miserable contagion" (as he terms it) had upon all public business. "It is indeede a sadd season," he writes from Oxford, " that we are chased from one place to another to save our lyves. Wee have reason to complayne of the i'l government of the citty of London, which, for want of the shuttinge up infected houses, hath skattered the contagion over the Kingdom .... God knows how long we [at Oxford] shall continue free, many villages about us being infectedj and the promiscuous resort hither at this time, giving us too much cause of apprehension." (p. 67). Belonging to the early part of the eighteenth century there are several documents at Gorhambury which relate to election matters at St. Albans, and these include some characteristic letters from Sarah, Duchess of Marlborough, whose interest in the conduct of Parliamentary contests is well-known. Writing to the first Viscount Grimston in 1727, she says: " I had an account from St. Albans that Mr. Loniax's interest is so strong that your lordship and my grandson cannot be chose without spending and bribing to the amount of a thousand pounds I am determined to have no more to do with elections. 1 think it better to keep the money to help pay the taxes that a single member can't prevent. This, I think I ought to acquaint you with the minute I have taken my resolution, in return for your civility to me, and because I really think a man of your fortune, who inherits such a place from your ancestors, and that lives so near St. Albans, ought to be chose in that borough without bribing or doing more than is proper lor a man of birth in treating." (p. 121). ix. The notoriety which St. Albans gained for itself at a much more recent period of history emphasises the interest attaching not only to the letter here quoted, but to many other documents touching election matters preserved at Gorhambury and printed in the present report. There is not much correspondence belonging to the time of the second Viscount Grimston, who enjoyed the title from 1756 to 1773, but a considerable amount of that of the time of the third, who, in 1790, was created a peer of England as Baron Verulam, and who was subsequently, in 1809, advanced to the earldom of Verulam. This correspondence includes letters on various matters, political and social, amongst them the Corn Laws, the state of Agriculture, and the working of the Game Laws. As illustrative of the history of Hertfordshire it is also valuable, for Lord Grimston evidently took a lively interest in every- thing that concerned the county, and especially that part of it lying in the immediate neighbourhood of St. Albans. Certain letters, too, written to Lady Grimston from America, during the Civil War, will be read with interest. Many of the items in the accounts printed in this report, which are mostly of the receipts and expenditure of Sir Harbottle Grimston and of his son Sir Samuel, throw an interesting side light on domestic manners and customs. Upon the "page" (the name of this favoured individual does not appear) a considerable amount was expended. Thus in the accounts between 1682 and 1685 w T e find that 15s. was paid to his master for a month's teaching; Qd. for his spurs; 17s. for his coat ; 1/ lis. 6d. for a fiddle and case for him, and Is. for his music-book. Cutting his hair cost 6d ; his silk waistcoat cost 13s. ; his hat 8s. 6d. ; his gloves 2s. 6d. ; his shoulder-knot and hat-bands 4s. 8c/. ; lace for his hat 5s. ; his shoes 3s. Sd. ; his sword 5s. ; his belt 3s. ; his peruke 16s. ; cleaning and " blacking " his sword Is., and so forth. Turning to other items in the accounts, w T e find 10/. paid, in 1675, for " an original copy " of the Lord Keeper's picture, and 22Z. 10s., in 1694, to Sir Godfrey Kneller for "the picture;" it is, unfortunately, not stated whose portrait this was. The prices occur of various articles of dress, and amongst them may be noted 6/. 9s. paid in 1683 to a doctor " for corsets for Miss X. Mary". Drawing a tooth cost 10s. ; for " setting Miss Mary's arm " the same amount was paid ; cutting '" both the children's hair," 10$. f the " children " were presumably Sir Samuel Grimston's; a writing master for them was paid SI. 13.?.; A singing master for " Miss Grimston " received 2Z. for a month's teaching; whilst teaching " the two ladies to dance " for three months cost 12/. 9s. Teaching "Mistress Grim- ston " for three months and five times " to play and sing cost 7/. 12«. (ul. With regard to the prices of wine the accounts also furnish particulars; a hogshead of white wine obtained from the Globe Tavern in Fleet Street, cost 16/. ; and double that quantity of red wine cost 30/. 1 lb. of tobacco was obtained for 2s. , 4 lbs. of hair powder for the same sum, and 6 ounces of snuff, 6s. When the family was in mourning for Sir Harbottle Grimston we find that a " mourning coach " was hired from the coachmaker. The majority of the items appear to relate to expenditure at Gorhambury, though certain of them clearly refer to Sir Harbottle' s expenses at the Rolls House. A quarter's water- rate, paid to the New River Company, was 15s. ; and to Dr. Gilbert Burnett's salary of 20/. as chaplain of the Rolls for Hilary term 1033, Sir Harbottle added 5'. The later accounts — those after 1774 — contain sundry items of expenditure on the decoration of (gorhambury House, Lord Grimston's subscription to Almack's and various Clubs, the purchase of pictures at Christie's, the purchase of books and musical instruments, opera tickets (42/.), the purchase of Wedgewood-ware and other items of interest. At the end of the Calendar are printed three diaries. The first, " Three weeks' observations of the Low Countreys, especially Holland," shows the observer, Sir Harbottle Grim- ston, then a young man, to have been possessed of very keen powers of observation and of an exceedingly " racy " literary style (pp. 221-229). "A northern tour" taken in 1768, most probably by the third Viscount, is valuable from the details he gives of various houses and their artistic contents— such as Chatsworth, Welbeck, Clumber, Castle Howard, Studley Royal, and Wentworth Castle — and also from the description the writer supplies of the country through which he passed. The third diary records what the same writer saw on a trip through the Midlands into Wales, taken during the following XI. year (1769), and is valuable for the .same reasons. In this are included descriptions of Stow, Blenheim, Ditchley, Badmin- ton, Knowsley, Crewe Hall and Shugborough, and of various important towns such as Bristol, Liverpool and Birmingham Of the latter the writer observes that it is a "very extensive and populous town, remarkable for the iron manufactory, the japan and other wares, particularly for buttons and toys of all kinds in which they are come to so great perfection that in these articles they trade all over Europe ; " he goes on to say of the inhabitants that the increase of their wealth, and consequently of their buildings, has been manifest of late years. Nothing, he continues, is more common than for a Birmingham manufacturer who has been for a few years in business " to have his pleasant retreat a few miles from the town, and his comfortable (I might almost say) magnificent house within the walls of his estate. Mr. Bolton and Mr. Taylor are the leading men in the toys and buttons ; Mr. Bedford for japan, for an improvement in which he has received a premium from the Society. Mr. Bichards will furnish you with guns, pistols, etc., of all prices." A thriving trade in these " manufactories " was being driven with all parts of the continent, but the trade to America had been so much affected " by our late unhappy dissentions," that " the exportation thither is reduced from ten to one." The description of Wales itself furnishes a very vivid picture of the social state of the country, and the writer thus concludes an exceedingly amusing description of a play acted at Carmar- then : "In short, from what we then saw, we easily con- jectured that the peace and regularity of Carmarthen was but at low ebb, especially as an Alderman seemed to be well pleased with the proceedings, and the ladies looked on without any alarm." (p. 259). This report has been compiled for the Commission by Mr. W. J. HAKDY, F.S.A., who has throughout the work received constant assistance and hospitality at the hands of the Earl of Verulam. MANUSCRIPTS OF THE EARL OF VERULAM, PRESERVED AT GORHAMBURY, HERTFORDSHIRE, Charter of Henry II. to St. Alban's Abbey. [1154-1164]. — Henricus Rex Anglorum, Dux Normannorum et Aquitannorum, et Comes Andegavorum omnibus episcopis, comitibus, baronibus, justiciiaris, vicecomitibus, ministris, et omnibus fidelibus suis, Franciae et Angliae, in omnibus comitatibus in quibus Sanctus Albanus terras habet. Sciatis me concessisse Deo et ecclesiae Sancti Albani et Abbati et Monachis omnes terras suas, cum socha et sacha, on strande et streame, on wode et felde,toll et team, et grithbrice, hamsoche, forsteal et infangenetheaf et flemenefermthe ut habeant super omnes terras suas et omnes homines suos ubicumque sint, infra burgum et extra, in tantum et tarn pleniter, sicut mei proprii ministri exquirere deberent ad meum opus. Concessi eis prseterea hanc libertatem et consue- tudinem inperpetuum, ut nullus in ipsorum terris vel domo, minister, dapifer, scilicet vel pincerna, camerarius, dispensator, janitor, vel propositus, contra ipsorum voluntatem et assensum, tempore meo aut successorum meorum, per manum alicujus principis vel justiciarii quocumque tenore ponatur. Unde volo et firmiter praecipio ut praedictas consuetudines et libertates ita plenarie et libere habeant ut nullus hominum, Francus sive Anglus, inde se intromittere audeat praeter ipsos et ministros suos quos ipsi habere voluerint. Propterea quia ego concessi Deo et ecclesiae Sancti Albani has consuetudines et libertates pro redemptione animae meae et Alianorae Reginae uxoris meae et haeredum meorum et aliorum parentum meorum, quapropter prohibeo super forisfacturam meam ne aliquis supradictas consuetudines et liber- tates infringere ullo modo presumpsat, sicut carta Regis Henrici, avi mei, testatur. Haec supradicta omnia eis concedo et presenti carta confirmo. Testibus : Phylippo, Baiocensi episcopo ; Ernulfo, episcopo Lexoviensi ; Thoma, Cancellario ; Mansero Biset, dapifero ; Warino filio Gervasii, camerario. Apud Sanctum Albanum. Portion of the great Seal. Wt. 12756 a 2 I 1:02, March 20.— Grant by Robert, Bishop of London, with the consent of John, son of William Doreward, to Thomas Gode- ston, Thomas Fraunceys, John Foorde, John Blog, clerk, John Sumpter, John Pod, Augustin Bonefaunt, and Robert Wyght, burgesses of Colchester, and patrons of the free chapel of the Holy Cross, that the said chapel or hospital and a street commonly called Croucherchestret, and the western part of the lane called Mai don Lane, lying around the hospital, within the parish of Stanway, but distant from the church of that parish, may be a parish of itself. The then keeper of the hospital to be rector. The seals are appended of— The Bishop of London ; The Dean and Chapter of St. Paul's, London ; and The Patrons of the Hospital and the Keeper of the Hospital. The seal of the Rector of Stanway is missing. Against Usury. 1444, September 22. Windsor. — The King to John, Archbishop of Canterbury, legate of the Apostolic See and Chancellor. " For asmoche we considre that, as it is said, there ben within oure citee of London divers persones that putten theire money and dispose the same unto other uses, as by way of usure otherwise than both G odd's laws and oures wolde, the whiche is and souneth to greet sclaundre amonges oure trewe people, We therefore of oure grace especialle have graunted unto oure right trusty and right wel- beloved cousin the Marques of Suffolk al maner of forfaiteures that by inquisition, presentment, examination or other lawful meene after the laws of oure lande is or shall be found forfaited unto us by everich person that hath, is or shall be found gylty, culpable or defecti f in the matier above said within oure said citee and the suburbes of the same, from the beginnyng of oure regne unto the fest of the Nativitie of our Lord that shall be in the yere of oure Lord M L CCCC XLIIII, any grant herebefore maad by oure noble progenitours or predecessors or by us unto our said cousin, or that expresse mention is not maad herein of the verray value of the said forfaiteurs, or any other matier or cause not with- standyng. Wherfore we wol and charge you that hereupon ye doo mak aswel oure letteres patentes as also many letteres of commission for to enquere of the premisses, to be directed to such persones as our said cousin shal name unto you and as oft as he shal require you, with al maner letteres and writtes executories and of entendance under oure greet seel in due fourme. Yeven undre oure prive seel at oure manoire within our pare of Wynde- sore the xxii day of Septembre the year of oure regne xxiii." Instructions for Edward Grimston, Ambassador to France. 1449, March 30. Westminster. — " Instructions yeven by the kyng oure souverain lord unto his welbeloved squier, Edward Grymston, whom he sendeth at this tyme unto his oncle of Fraunce. 8 * "First taking his journeye to the said oncle he shall goo to the Due of Somerset, the king's lieutenaunt in the reaume of Fraunce, and deliver him the lettres which the king sendeth to him and also the copies of the lettres sent to the seid oncle by Valois, and of the lettres that he hath at this tyme, to the said oncle, and lat the seid lieutenant have knowelege of this presente instruction to thentente that he may hadde menne (?) or chaunge, as it shall be thought to him expedient. And the said Edward shall use suche direccons in the maters commytted to him as ye said lieutenant woll advise and commande him to doe. "f " Item the seid Edward shall at suche tyme as he cometh to the kinge's oncle, presente his lettres and utteryng of his seide credence, remembre the noble and goode disposicon that the king hath, and at all tymes hath had, to the weele of pees, and ever shall with Gode's grace, and wolde not that his seid oncle shulde take any other conceyte, nor thinke the contrarie. And therfore lest any thinge shulde be misconceyved, the king lateth his seid oncle have knoaelach that by unavised people, rovers and pillers on the see, the king and his subjects have and ben dailly full grevously hurte, and the cours of marchandise lett and troubled, to the uneese and undoyng of many persones. And therfore to dense the see, and rebuke suche robbers and misruled people, the king hath ordeigned to sette forth certaine shippes manned undre gouvernance of notable men, the which thinge the king signifieth to his seid oncle, to thentente that he take noo strainge conceyte therby. And over this to the same entente the king hath ordeyned all diligence possible to be doon to take certaine open pirates and rovers which have ben accustumed in late dayes to resorte into the kinges portes in Englande, Irlande, Wales, Normandie and Guyenne. { " Item the seid Edward after that he undrestandeth in what termes the matier of Sent Jaques standeth, withoute that he have direction by the seid lieutenant, shall say that he undrestandeth that the king late wroote by Valeys and semblably at this tyme, that the saide mattiere shulde mowe beste be eased at thassemble of thambassatours. and stire the kinges oncle, as it were of him self that it might so be, considering that the tyme is not longe in the seide assemblee and that noo greet hurte is like to sewe withto that tyme, and therin use suche meenes and reasons, as shall be thought to him good for that entente. §" Item if the said Edward feele that the seid oncle be not disposed to entende to the delaye of the seide demolition, he shall In the margin: — * " For asmuche as the copies of the king's letters directed to his uncle beth lefte byhinde he shal doo his diligence to gete the copies ther and make his desir by his discretion after the forme of the saide letters." In the margin : — t " As to the secunde article hit is thought good, soe that in uttering therof he shewe more planily that hit is specially the dede of the .... and continuelly used and dayly . . . . " In the margin: — J " As to the iij dt! and iiij th article of Saint Jaques de Bri . . n, he shal first solive [solve ?] tharticle committed to Maistre Johan Lenfant and Sire Johan Hanford [Hankford ?] touching the cessing of the thacquicte of the Bastille of Yauvray and demolicon of the newe tour of Grantville and other." In the margin § " And if hit soo be that the said article may not be accepted then by alle goodly moines to putte the mature in suspense to the next assemblee of the ambaissatours in May." 4 in that cas nowe say that in like manere as the seid oncle desireth the seide place without delaye to be abated in semble wyse, according to tharticle of the trewc concernyng that mattiere, he woll ordeigne for abatement of suche places and forteresses as ben fortefied and newe repaired in his obeissaunce, according to the said article, and In especiall of suche as were spoken and communed of in the laste assemble holden for reparation of attemptats, that is to say, Bauchien, Yvory [Ivry], the newe tour of Graunville and other lyke. * " Item the seid Edward shall remembre that the king hath divers tymes write and sente also to his oncle for the deliveraunce of his cousin Giles of Bretaign and also sent for that cause to the Due of Bretaigne, at which tyme he yafe.answere that he wolde be with the said oncle afore a certaine day, by the which the king consled the said Giles shulde have be eased ; wherupon Garter King of Amies hath be nowe divers tymes with the said oncle, and all this notwithstanding the seid Giles is not releved but entreted with more duresse and rygor thanne he was before, wherof the kinge merveilleth, and ye seid Edward shall mowe utter in what distress the seid Giles standeth inne after the teneure of a cedule sente to the king. "In witnesse wherof to this presente instruction the kyng oure seid soverain lord hath doo be putte his prive seel. Yeven at Westminster." Seal, broken at edge. Instructions for the Ambassadors to the Duchess of Burgundy. 1449, April 28. — " Instruccions yeven by the kyng oure soverain lord to his trusty and welbeloved Johan Marney, knyghte, Maistre Thomas Kent, doctoure of lawe, William Pyrton, Edward Grymeston and John Wodehous squyers, iiij, iij or twaine of thaim, whom he sendeth his ambassatoures at this tyme to his toune of Calais for to commune, trete, appointe and conclude with the commissaries of the Duches of Burgoigne in the maters that foloweth : — " First at suche tyme as the saide ambassatours shall assemble with the saide Duchesse's ambassatours at Calais, the which is accorded shall be the vii day of Juying ( ? ) next commynge, thei shall mowe saye that they be there by the kyngs commaundement havying full power to commune, procede and appointe diverse matters concernying the wele of bothe parties, and that the king's will is that thei shall entende effectuelly to alle suche thinges as may be thought good and^behovefull. And forthirmore proceding thai shall abide and awaite what matter the saide Duchesse's ambassatours will desire to commune of, and do thaire parte asmuch as thay may that askings and petitions growe of that other partie. In the margin:—* "And as to the 5th article to use terms generate to the king's oncle and in communication to other, as of himself he may utter the contennts of the cedule." " Item the saide ambassatours shall sai thai ben redy to entende and procede in frendly wyse, as lawe and reason woll, to the re- formation of attemptates, and therupon be redy to receyve and here the complaints of bothe sides and aunswears to thaym, and do thaire parte to understonde the trouthe of the saide complaints by due and lawfull examination ; that is to say thai shall see who it is that complayneth and whethir he be ther in his owne persone or by what auctorite he apperith, and admitte no complainte without the complaigner have sufficient power. " Item thei shall, in examyining the matters, receyve and admitte suche proves as lawe woll, not geving feith to thaffermation of the partie, nor to lettres testimoniall of citees, townes or officers, neither to private writynges, but to witnesses duely examined, confession of the parties, open instruments, open knowlache of the dede, or other proves such as the lawe woll admitte or suche as it shall be thought to theire discrecions sufficient. " Item for asmuche as it is supposed that the king's subgitts, upon whom the complaints been, and shall be made, woll not be present, the said ambassatours shall mowe saye thai ben redy, notwith- standing thabsence of the partie to hiere theire complaints, to sele(?) and receyve the proves in that partie, and so shall mowe do and commune and debate the mater as shall be thought to thaire discrecions, absteinyng thaym, in all that they, may to condescende and geve any juiement or sentence agenst the partie so absent, though it be thought mater clerely proved ; but if it so be that for the better procedyng in other maters, or to eschewe rupture or other inconveniences, it shall be thought to the saide ambassatours necessarie and behovefull to procede and geve such sentence, in that cas they shall say thai woll report it to the kyng, to that entent that execution be made as the cas shall require. " Item as touching the mattier of Crotoye sith it was accorded and concluded by the trewes taken by my lorde of York and the saide duchesse, the which have divers tymes be proroged, that thappatisementes woned to be paied to Crotoye in tyme of werre shuld ceesse, yet notwithstanding as it is saide thai of Crotoie have receyved continuelly, and yit don, the saide appatisementes, and theruppon that other partie desire to be restored of that thai have paied, the saide comissaires shall mowe saye that at such tyme as the Lorde Haburdyn was in Englande, the kyng ordeined to be paied a greet somme of money for the saide cause, of his owne fredom, withoute that any sufficient informacion was had in that behalve ; and over this, commaunded straitely that thai of Crotoie shulde absteigne thaym from thens forth from the recey- vyng of suche appatisementes, the which commaundmente the king undistandith thai have obeied and cannot thinke that thai have do any thing to the contrary. But, and it be afTermed that it be otherwise, the saide commissaires shal be redy to hiere thex- amination and receyve proves therof, and where thai fele diffi- culte therin, thay shall say thai woll report it to the kyng. " Item the saide commissaires shall mowe remembre that now late the saide due hath, agenst the tenure of the trewes, ordeigned 6 that noon Englisshe clothe wollen cloth shuld be brought into the contrees of Holland, Zeland and Brabant, to the grete hurt and damage of the king and his subgitts, agenst the trews and olde frendiship of the saide contrees, and aske in the king's name for the saide hurts and damages xx' nl li., withoute particular hurts and damages of his subgitts, or suche a somme as it shall be thought to thaire discrecion. " And in this mattier thay shall mowe calle to minde that the kyng divers tymes hath sent to the saide duchesse for revocation of the saide ordenances, wherein she hath certified by writyng, and peraventure hir ambassatours woll say the same, that the saide ordenance was made by thadvice, wille, or aggrement of the marchauntes of the staple at Calais. The king's saide ambassa- tours shall mowe say, that it cannot so be conceyved but that fully the marchauntes of the saide estaple had never knowlache therof; and so the maire and marchauntes of thestaple called before the king's counsaill answered, that thai yave never counsail ni consented to the saide ordenances, and thought it had be so that summe of the saide marchauntes for theire . . . and singular proufit wolde have desired suche a thing agenst the commune wele. The king wold not have supposed that the saide duchesse wolde have be moved thewith without the certificacion of the king. And sithen that she nowe knoweth the king is not, nor may be, content with so preiudiciall a thing as this is, aswele to himself his subgitts as other, he doubteth not the saide duchesse nor hir ambassatours woll not estraunge theym to the revocation therof ; and remembre that the duchesse certified the king by hir letters that her ambassatours shuld come fully instruct at this tyme to Calais in the saide mattier, and make request that it be so doo. " Item thai shall mow calle to mynde that aswele in thappointe- ments made afore this tyme betwix the king and thaym of Holland, Zeland, etc., as in the trewes taken by my lord of York in the king's name with the saide duchesse's commissaires at Roen divers tymes sithen proroged, it is conteined expressely that alle mer- chaundise shul frely have his cors betwix both parties withouten eny lette or distoirbaunce. " Item the same is also conteigned in the trewes taken, and yit enduring, betwix the kyng and his oncle of Fraunce, in the which the king understandeth the saide duchesse is comprised ; and therefore, not withouten cause, the king mervailleth of the saide ordenance so agenst the saide frendships appointements and also divers trewes. " Item the saide ordenance is agenst tholde frendships and custume long tyme observed ; for it cannot be remembered but at all tymes it hath ben sen and used Englissh clothe to resorte and have his utteraunce in Holland, Zeland, and Braband, where it is now forboden, like as marchaundises of thos contrees ben frely uttred here ; upon thees groundes and such other as shal be thought to the saide ambassatours may serve therto, thai shall gader as many reasons as thai canne, and God woll give thaym grace to sture and moove the duchesse's ambassatours to the revocation of the saide ordenance and prohibition. 7 " Item thai shall mowe say that the nature of the trewes woll and is thentente therof that alle marchaundise shulde have his course, and marchaunts to have theire communication eche with other ; and if so were that an ordenance mygth be made for the stopping of so maner of marchaundise, in like wise it myght be extended to another, and so to all, and by that meene alle marchaundise ceese. and the trews remayne of noon effect nor ease to the subgitts. " Item if it be saide that this mater mygth be eased at suche tyme as it shulde be spoke of the reformacon of attemptates, it may be saide that it is thought that the saide ordenance may not be called attemptates nor comprised in the nature therof, but is directly enervacon of the trewes and contrary thereto, and in no wise reformable lesse thanne it be revoked. " Item the said commissaries shall remembre that the yere of oure Lorde M' CCCCXLV, the ix day of April, in the towne of Bruges, were made and appointed betwix the kingis commissaries and the commi saries of the contrees of Holland, Zeland and Frise- land. certaine articles, the which the saide due hath approved ratified and confermed ; and amongs other things it was ordeigned and appointed that Englissh marchaunts shuld have had, in recom- pense /of theire hurtes and wronges doon to thaym by men of Holland, Zelland and Friseland, a certaine somme of money to have be paied at certain dayes, and if any defaute happed or were in paiement therof or any parte therof, thanne it shulde be lawfull to the saide Englissh marchants to arrest the saide Hollanders, Zellanders and Frises theire goodis and shippes, and kepe thaym and aliene the saide goodes til the ful contentement of the saide sommes, with costs and damages after the discretions of the king's commissaries, and over that resorte to theire hole acctiones that the saide Englissh marchants had before agenst the saide Hollanders, Zellanders and Frises ; the which things more at large appere in thappointements made tharupon. And sith it is soo that the saide daies of paiement ben not kept, but that thai ben past, and also diverse and many delayes desired by the saide duchesse, and the commissaries abovesaide shall aske and require redy contentement of the saide sommes due with damages and costes made in that behalve, to the which if that other parte woll condescende, the king is content that the saide appointements remaigne and be observed, as they were accorded ; and if it be so that other partie wol not entende therto, nor appointe the con- tentement of the saide somme, the saide commissaries shall lat thaim wite in the king's behalf, and his wille ie, that his subgitts have and receive the benefet of the saide appointementes that was made and accorded if the money were not paied at the dayes accorded, and also that thai be admitted to have hool restitution of the goodes take fro thaim after theffect of the saide appointe- ments. " Item the saide commissaries shall use tharticles abovesaide with suche direccion and circumstances as God and thaire discrecions woll geve thaym. " Item thai shall use thordre abovesaide if it shall be thought to thayme so expedient, or elles oon article before another, as it shal be thought to thaire discretion moost necessarie and behovefull. 8 " hi witncsse whereof to this present instruccion the king oure saide soverain lorde hath do be put his greet and prive seales. Yeven at Westminster the xxviii day of May, the yere of the regne of the same oure soverain lorde, xxvii." Petition of Edward Grimston. [After 1451*.] " To the king oure sovereign lord. — Moste cristien prince and our allere most high and dradde sovereign lord, I, youre humble true liegeman, the which causeles and with outen desert have lange tyme stande in grete dreede adversitee and troubles, as well by ye grete undeserved noyse that untruely I have bene disclaundred with, as for the moste untrue enditement that by the mighte and for drede of the grete tyrauneux traytor of Kente I am endited of, besech humbly your royall mageste that, of your speciall grace, the like tendrely to remembre and considre the lange and labourous suytes that I have this twellfmoneth sued by humble supplication unto your highnes as well as by all other menes that by myn imagination couth be thought possible, to myn inportable sorow charge and cost, offeringe and oblishing my pouer persone, by my writinge of myn hande and undre the pouer seale of myn armes, allwey to be redy to come to rnyn answer in declara- tion of any thing that hath bene or can be seyd or leyd unto me ; the which suyts and ofTres I have gretely desired might have commen to the generall notice and knowlege of your high court of parlement, trustinge and not dredinge, with the grete mercy of God, that, when so ever I may be rightwosly herd, to shew me youre humble true and faithfull liegeman as well by true and obident provez to every resonable man's onderstandinge as by myn hande with your noble leve upon any particulere persone that will or dare say the contrarie. Besechinge therfore mekely your moste benigne grace that of your habundant rightwosnes and pi tie the like to comaunde your chaunceller of England that, as well in myn answers as in my diclaration, I may peasibly comme and, after the cours of your lawes, patiently and rightwosly be herd undris- tande and deliverd, and after to have my true discharge and acquitall or that I have deserved, with outen any lange delaye. And youre seid suppliant shall pray to God for youre moste noble estate. — Draft. Another Petition of Edward Grimston. [After 145].] "To the kinge oure sovereign lord.— Most cristien prince and oure aller moste dradde sovereign lord, I, youre humble true liegeman Edward Grymeston, constreigned of necces- sitie at this tyme to withdrawe my pouer persone for drede of persones that bene hasty and hote, and list not to knowe nor undirstande the trouth of my deserts, and not for none offence that ever I dydd, seid, laboured or was knowinge of, in will, thought or imagination ageinst the weeles of youre moste noble persone or of youre realme in any wise, besech humbly your royall mageste * Vide Rolls of Parliament V., p. 21Gb. that for my true acquitell unto youre highnes the like to forgiffe me, allthough I enhardie me by way of meke supplication to write for my trouth and declaration unto youre grete rightwosnes, by the which, as lowly as ever didd true liegman, I besech youre grace that my meritts may truely be undirstande, knowen and so published and shewed unto the generallte of this youre high court of parlemente, to the which I crye, and besech our mercyfull Lord that all knoweth, that aftir my true mening, rightwosly undirstande, I may have that I have deserved and none othirwise. "And for as much as I am enformed that by my goings diverses tymes over the see by youre high commaundement and ordenance of you sovereign lord, and of youre full noble counceill, and specially in this my laste viage unto youre uncle and adver- saire of Fraunce, in the conceites of numeureux and mis- onderstanginge persones I am noyssed and disclaundred with grete blame and charge that I shulde receive on that partie grete and excessive sommes of goodes, and is supposed that I shulde labour, knowe and be assentinge to things that shulde be hurt and pre- judice to you sovereign lord and youre realmes, as it is seid, that God defende, in the which viagez, moste dradde sovereign lord, and in everich of theme, by the feith and liegeaunce I owe to you and ever shall, I have allway done my true parte labour and devoir after myn instructions yoffen me by thadvise of your noble and true counceill to execute and fullfille the charges and commaundes that I have hadde, and therof allwey made my feithfull and true reports to my lordes of your counceill and in especiall of this late right costageux and adventroux viage that I went unto youre seid oncle and adversarie by youre allers ordeignance and commaunde, sore ageinst my will, savinge for youre high displesaunce, and theire allers so, as of recorde, I profred grete part of my pouer goodes to haie bene discharged therof at tyme and couth not ; the which seid viage I toke upon me and fulfilled my charge to my grete coste and labour and in grete aventure and daunger of my lyffe, as it is well knowen, and all the convey of my seid viage, as well the report and declaration all allonge in what times I spake unto your seid oncle and what answers he yaffe me, as of all the demaundes, answers and communications that I hadde in any wise with him or his counceill, word for word, as ferforth as I couth thinke or imagine dayly, and incontinent I wrote theme forthwith of myn owd handes, to that end that myn other charges that by the ordenaunces and commaundements beforeseid I hadde to the Duchesse of Bourgoyne I myght the rather and more spedely send it over to my lordes of youre counceill withouten delay e than to have abyden the length of my commyng, so that by their high wisdoms thei might the mor hastely provide for the remedies of that therby might be understande was amys, and also that for my true acquitell the seid reporte so writen of myn own hande might remaigne of recorde, the which by grete parte of my seid lordes was redde over all alang and well noted and examyned, as I trowe thei bene yitt remembred. Of the which service at my commynge home my lordes yafJe me a grete laud and thanks etc. 10 " And in as much, moste gracioux sovereign lord, as 1 wote not whedir ye be remembred and have true knowlege of my seid declaration I therfore presume and emboldissh me upon your grace in benignite herewith to sende the same propre declaration so writen of my pouer hande unto your highnes, beseching humbly your moste royall persone that of your grace and pitee the like to undirstande the trouth of my true seivice and menynge, and that ve like, of your grete rightwosnes, to commaunde and ordeigne it to be showde and redde with this humble request unto the lordes and communs being now assembled in this youre high court of parlament. "And yiff ther be any erthly man, what so ever he be, that particulerly will say or charge me with the reccit of any maner of goodes on that partie, other than I have certefied unto my lordes of youre seid counceill that your seid uncle and my lord of Somersett yaffe me at my departinges, or ferthermore will sey I laboured, spake, procured or by any mene was prive or hadde communication of any mater on ye Franch partie, other than by the seid declaration I have truely written as I couthe and at all tymes, as well hereof as of mign othir charges for you, sovereign lord, in all wise made my true reporte unto my lordes of your counceill, or that, sethens J was borne in to thisworlde, in that viage, or any other, I ever was willinge, knowing and assentinge to any thinge that might right- wosly serve (?) or be taken to any manere hurt or prejudice of you, moste gracious sovereigne lord, or of youre lande, in any wise to myn understanding, than so ever I may here or have knowlege of any such particulare persone. " And that it like your highnes that I may be herde and stande in suerte of my pouer persone frome the rigeur of persones withowte cause or reson evill disposed and advised, under the protection of oure mercy full Lord and of your grete rbhtwosms I shall not faille, with youre noble leve, as well for my true liegeaunce, as for the pouer worshipp of the blode that I am commen of beringe the same name and armes that I doo mor then cccc yeres as it may be proved, to come and offre my body as youre true liegeman openly to prove and make goode the contrarie upon any such peisone that so will or dare charge me in such wise as ye will yift me leve, and as ye case shall require. " Besechinge . . . you of youre moste ample and speciall grace, and semblaby the goode willes of all that shall her this humble request, to accepte my true'feith and liegeaunce to you- wardes, that with the grete mercy of our Lord shall never faille, and that by the socour and releeft of your grete pitie and right- wosnes and your peoples true undirstandinge, I, youre true humble subgette that wyllingly never trespassed to man on lyve but entended allwey my true service, be not thus unrightwosly blamed nor withoute desert putt in drede disclaundre and noyse to myne uttermoste reproof! and undoinge. And that this myn humble and meke supplication and desire of justice, conceived and writen of myn own hande, withowten advise or counceill save of Godd and of my true menyinge for my true acquitaille may be taken after my playne and uncolured wri tinge at all tymes and so to be II undirstandc, pubblysshed and, yiff that like your grace, enacted in this present parlement, at the reverence of Godd and in the wey of charite. " And for as much as for the causes beforeseid and othir of Godde's visitation I nethir dare nor may comme to your highnes at this tyme in my persone, and that to the peoples under- standinge this shulde not be thought no feyned supplication, the more largely to verefie and to bynde me to that is before writen, I therfore feirfully have taken upon me, undir the protection of youre high magnificence, to signe this with myn hande and with the pouer scale of myn armes for the mor credence and recorde, your humble true liegeman, E. Grymeston." [Though signed, this appears to be a draft.] Seal of arms, enclosed in straw- plait ring. Another Petition of Edward Grimston. [After 1451.] " To the kinge oure sovereign lord. — Please it you, oure moste dred sovereign lord, of youre moste speciall grace piteuxly to considre the lange endured and ondeserved sorows, dredes, and troubles with the inportablez losses of goodes that, causeles, youre humble true liegeman Edward Grymeston hath suffred and borne to his uttermost undoinge and distruction, withouten the hasty releeff of oure mercyfull lord and of youre grete pitie and ryghtwosnes, that by sum mene youre hyghnes like to ordeign and commaunde that he may be herd and accept to justice to answere to any thing that hath bene or can be seid or leyde unto him, the which he hath sued and offred him selfe to, by the space of xxii monethes in as large wise as ever did your liegeman ; but he is so aloigned and delayed therfrom that nethir by your speciall ri tings nor messages to youre juges nor other wise he can atteign therto, by what menes nor for what cause it is not undirstande. Beseching therfor humbly your bennyne grace that, of youre grace's rightwosnes, and in tendre consideration of the sorowfull premisses with many other adversitez that youre seid suppliant hath lamentably suffred onely for lak of justice, that it may like your highnes to commande youre juges of your bench straitly by your mouth or by your speciall ritings to attende and hastely to procede to his deliverance ; so as after his arreigne- ment, by your speciall grace and commande, he may go at large, under baill upon suffisunt suerte to such tyme and pla^e as by your seid juges or any of them shall be lymyted and graunfced for his deliverance ; and that for the sone expedition thereoft he like hereupon to graunte and commaunde such speciall lettres from your highnes unto your seid juges as shall be thought neccessarie for the diligent spede therof. So as of your grete pite and right- wosnes your humble true liegeman be not finally distroyed by no longer delayes from justice, at the reverence of our Lord whome he shall evermore pray for your moste noble astate." 12 Forfeiture of Lord Roos. [Circa 1471*.] Petition of Edward Grimston and his wife to the king. " To the kyng oure almost dradde liegelord : — Mekely besecheth and piteously compleyneth unto youre highnesse Edward Grymeston, squire, and Philip his wyfe, late the wyfe to Thomas late Lord Roos, that, by reason of atteynder of the same Thomas, all maner londes, tenements, rents, and possessions, which were of the saide Thomas, were forfaited unto your highnesse, by the which the saide Philip was put from her dower and joyn- toure that tyme to her due, amountyng to the yerely value of m 1 marcs and more ; and youre saide highnesse — most gratiously considering the nyghnesse of blode that the saide Philip is unto youre most roiall person, that is to say, doughter unto your grete aunte the Lady Powys, that was suster unto the noble lady youre graundame, the Countesse of Cambrigge, and noothing that tyme had by joyntoure or dower whereupon to lyve, or to susteyne and fynde her and her children according to her honoure and worship — of youre most noble and habun daunt grace graunted by youre lettres patentes, bearing date the ix day of December in the first yere of your most noble reigne, unto John, late Erie of Worcester, and other to the use of the saide Philip, certein manors in divers shires, estemed to the value of vii c marcs, of the which some, in a parliament holden in the vii th yere of your victorious reigne, there was resumed unto youre handes certeyn of thoo maners to the yerely value of iii" marcs, after the which resumpcion it lyked youre highnesse of youre most speciall grace to remembr and consider the nyghnesse of blode before seide with the honoure longing therto, and that the saide Philip had nother dower nor joyntoure, nor other goode to lyf by, and therupon, by thadvise of youre noble councell, by youre lettres patentes under youre grete seale, bering date the xxx day of Juyll in the vii th yere of youre seide victorious reigne, gave and graunted unto the saide John, late Erie of Worcester, and to hir, for terme of her lyfe for sustentation of her and her children and in lieu of her joyntoure and dower beforesaide, the manors of Uppynton, Wragby and Estrington in the counte of Lincoln, the manors of Orston, Warsop and Ekering in the counte of Notyngham, the manors of Seton, with the annuite of the priore of Wartre in the counte of York, the manor of Adderley with Sponley in Shropshier, the manor of Estbourn with the hamelet of Hechington in the counte of Sussex, that some tyme were longing to Thomas, late Lord Roos, her husband, the which maners, with thappurtenances, be not to the value of cccc marc ; and semblably it lyked youre highnesse, in the viii th yere of youre reigne, by youre other lettres patentes, to graunte the same maners unto Sir Thomas Wyngfeld and her, that tyme her husband, for terme of her lyfe. Soo that iii tymes thoo maners that your saide suppliauntes clayme and occupie have passed your grete seale ; of which maners, noght exceeding to the value of cccc marc, the saide Philip in her pure wydowhode hath Vide Rolls of Parliament VI., p. 77b. 13 geven and graunted to the mariage and sustenance of her ii doughters the some of lxxx U. during her lyfe, so that the residue therof will unneth suffice to her resonable sustenance with charges requsite and incedent to the same. Please it youre highnesse the premisses considered, atte reverence of All Myghty God, by the advyce and assent of the lordes spirituall and temporall and comens in this present parliament assembled, and by auctorite of the same, to ordeyne, stablyssh, and enacte that the saide Philip from hensforth suerly for terme of her lyve have, possede, kepe, hold, and enjoye all the forsaide maners and all other the pre- misses with their appurtenances quietly and in pease, withoute interuption or eny resuming of them or eny part of them, by eny meane hereafter into youre handes, according to youre graunte last made to her therof as is afforseide, to have for her sustentation aforehersed, inasmuch as she and her children have none other thing wherupon to lyve, and youre saide suppliauntes shall ever pray to God for the good prospirite of youre most roiall persone." Holy Cross Priory, Colchester. 1537-8, March 7. — Surrender by Robert Tompson of the Priory of Holy Crocs in Colchester to Sir Thomas Audley, Knight, Lord Chancellor. Seal. St. Albans Election. 1554, May 26.— -Indenture made in full court of the mayor and chief burgesses of the borough of St. Albans, before the said mayor and burgesses, in the common hall there, on 96 May, 1 Mary, between the sheriff of Hertfordshire and Thomas Johnson, mayor, and others burgesses of the said borough, witnessing that the said mayor, etc., had elected Thomas Wendye, Esq., and Oliver Sterkey as burgesses to serve in parliament. Lands of Edward Grimston. 1558, December 4. Tower of London. — Warrant signed by the queen and addressed to the officers of the exchequer and others, to whom the custody of the lands of Edward Grimston had been committed, stating that, at the petition of Elizabeth, wife of the said Edward, the said Elizabeth, or the assigns of the said Edward and Elizabeth, may receive, to the use of the said Edward, all the issues of his lands ; that -no capiass or exigent be awarded upon the indictment of the said Edward for high treason, and that all proceedings under that indictment shall cease. Sir Edward Grimston's Escape from the Bastille. [1558]. Narrative of Sir Edward Grimston's escape from the Bastille. The document is endorsed : — " 1594. — Soli Deo honor et gloria, non nobis Domine non nobis sed nomini tuo damns gloriam. " A discourse of my father Edward Grimston, his blessed escape out of captivity, being kept prisoner in the Bastille in the city of Paris, in France, xix months. — Misericordias Domini in eternum cantabo. 1 1 " This good old man, being of the age of 92, died the xxiii of February L599, Elizabeths 42°, in the afternoon between 4 and 5 on a Saturday. Via universi carnis mors." On the back of the first sheet are these words, written in the same hand as the narrative " To my daughter Grimston at Bradfiled give these." [1558]. " At the ernest request of my friends, I am moved to call to mind and to set down in writing my being taken prisoner at the losse of Calais, my continuance in prison and my delivery by the great favor, aid, and assistance of Almighty God. " First Calais was yielded to the Duke of Guise in the Christmas, the fourth and fifth years of King Philip and Queen Mary, the Lord Went worth, being deputy, Sir Ralph Chamberlain, captain of the castle, Sir Anthony Agar, marshall, being slain, with all the rest of the councell there being taken prisoners. I, Edward Grimston, being the controler of the said town and Marches with all the garrisons and fortresses [fytrosses] of that side of the seas, after the town was yielded, was taken and carried out of the town of Calais by one Monsieur de Suasse to the French camp lying at Sangatt, and remained there two nights, and being then carried back to Calais, after two days remaining there, I was given and delivered as prisoner to Monsieur Sepyer, who committed me to the charge and custody of an Italian, being a farrier or smith, and to four Frenchmen, harquibusiers, who carried me the first day from Calais to Boulogne in my night gown, without any boots, and the next day to Hardlowe, where he and they remained until the king returned and had dissolved his camp. From thence I was carried to Abbeville where I had a new pair of boots, and from thence to Bevoyss, from thence to Saint Denis to dinner, where they procured me the sight of all the shrines and jewells of the house, and so that night to Paris to the house of one Gavaston, an Italian and captain of the watch of horsemen in Paris, where I was kept close prisoner until Ash Wednesday, and then carried from thence to the Bastille, where I remained xix months, until it pleased God to work my deliverance. " For the time of my being there I was often sollicited and moved by one Shampaynerd, a servant or solicitor to Monsieur Sepyer, to yield to the payment of ten thousand crowns for my ransome, a sum more than I was anyways able to pay, and being their prisoner I was oftentimes touched with sicknesse, especially once. I then conceived some hope to be released by the conclusion of the peace, but that hope failing, I then fell into consideration how I might escape, and presently did fall into a great sickness of a burning fever, as likewise a Spaniard being under me did fall sick, so as by means of our sickness we had leave to come together some- times, and being together we then entered into device for our escape, and discovered it to another Spaniard, then prisoner, who liked our device very well, and so agreed upon a plot how it might best be done, which was that I should desire one Mychell that carried the keys of the house and another soldier to sup with me, and being at supper I should send down the same soldier with some of my meat to the Spaniard, who should presently either bind him or kill him, and upon the noise I should do th3 like with him that remained with me, and so having the keys of the house we should go to the other Spaniard his chambers and set him at liberty, and so peruse the whole house, and take all the soldiers and put them into a vault where they might call and cry long enough before they should be heard. This device failed by taking away of the last Spaniard to another prison. " Then did the first Spaniard and I agree upon the work of files, and were agreed to send his boy into Flanders for them, and in the time of this device he was removed from me, and imme- diately the peace was talked and agreed upon between France and Spain, and I left in prison without hope of help, but by God's great goodness and mercy. I therefore, calling to God both to help and advise me, conceived that by the help of files, I might win my liberty, or else to remain there while I did live, and so having leave to see and to speak with Sir Nicholas Throckmorton I shewed him my device, and prayed his help to procure files for me, and said unto him that Hanse Bearne, lying then in Paris, might be a good mean to provide them for me, which indeed he did. And they were committed to Mr. Mydlemer, who, because Sir Nicholas Throckmorton was to attend upon the king to the coronation at Raymes, did come unto the prison to see me, and was admitted to speak with me. And sitting together upon an open bench in the court he did convey the files into the pocket of my gown, and so after a little longer talk we took leave and departed, he to his master, I to my chamber where I was somewhat troubled in mind where I might bestow the files secretly, and thinking the privy a place unlikely to be searched I did bestow them there until I did begin and enter my work of filing. " To write the manner I did begin, and discourse how it was done, would be over long and to small purpose. I was xxi days filing. I cut two bars of iron, either of them the bigness of mine arm, and one cross-bar twice cut ; to cover the cinder of the filing was somewhat troublesome, but I did it with water and ashes, and to make the bars to stand fast after the filing I did it with wet brown paper. When I had finished the work I was greatly troubled and careful for the manner of my coming out and for a mete man to receive me. My Lord Grey being then in Paris, upon his dispatch out of prison, I was driven and forced to devise to write to him to make my haste away because of my readiness to come forth, which was in danger to be discovered if I did stay long. I prayed him to have Savage, his man, to receive and conduct me at my coming forth, but he did leave Hanse to attend me, who received me very badly, as I shall note hereafter. " The day before my coming forth I prepared something in readiness, as by ripping one of my canvas curtains, putting my shirts, handkerchiefs, and books into a canvas wallet ; and in the pocket of my nightgown I did put my bags and certain moneys in it, also my boots and spurs. All which I had made in such readiness, as after I had supped, and Mychell, the keeper of the keys, who did sup with me, was departed, the night being somewhat dark, I did first take out of the window one 16 of the great bars, which weighed above forty pounds, and layed it under toy bed in the straw, and then I did put my gown, my wallet, and my boots out of the window, which made some noise in the falling so as I was in doubt to be discovered. I did then as I accustomaly had done, shut and barred in my window. About nine of the clock the said Mychell and other of the soldiers did come as they did always use to serch and to leave a soldier with me, and then to shut and lock me in. And that done I had prepared some wine wherewith I applied my soldier and my boy so as they had more lust to sleep than to watch, as appeared after by my stirring and often rising. They helped me to bed and brought me my book and candle for I did nightly use to read and put out the candle myself. And being in bed, and persuaded they were asleep, I did first rip my upper sheet, and knit it together cornerwise. and that done I did rise and fayned occasion to go to the privy, as I had formerly done upon some occasion of looseness, and then did put on my hoses, and made myself somewhat ready, and then returned to my bed and put myself under the nether sheet and did rip the same and knit it, as I had done the other, and then did knit them and the curtain all together cornerwise, which did contain together so much as did serve me, being sixteen yards to the ground. When this was done and ready I did take out the other bars of the window and laid them down softly upon the ground, and then did make fast the one end of my sheets and curtain to one other bar of the window, and so put them out of the window, and did shut it close, and stayed half an hour to try whether they did sleep soundly. " In this time (praying to God to assist and help me) I opened the window and put myself forth, and by a device that I had before made, did draw the window as close as it was before. So descending by my sheets into the ditch (after I had given God thanks) I looked for my things that I had before put out. I found my boots and wallet, but my gown taken away, which put me in great fear and agony, and the more because I did not find Hanse there to receive me, as I had formerly appointed. But, praying God to direct me, I did take up my boots and wallet and did go out of the ditch up into a place then in building to be a bulwork, and there in a heap of great free-stones I did draw on my boots and with a half handkerchief did bind up my beard after the Scottish manner then used, and did take my wallet upon my shoulder and (at a breech in the wall) I did go into the city, for I durst not go to the fields, nor woods, because I had no clothes to cover rne from cold nor weapon to defend me from the wolves, or any other thing, walking all that night up and down the city, and (by God's help) escaped divers watches, and seeking for my Lord Grey his lodging (which I did learn to be without Porte Saynte Germayne) I did give to the porter a cap which I had in my wallet to let me out at the gate, and finding my Lord Grey his lodging I did learn that he and all his people were de- parted two days before, and so returned into the city again at the same gate by means that certain reapers did come then to the city, and did call up the porter again, and then I did walk the rest of 17 the night up and down in the streets to see where I might be lodged, and rinding a door opened I entered, but because I had no horse I was refused and so in divers other houses. " But in the end being directed and guided to a widow's house in Rue Shocvalle (?) I was received and lodged, and, being both hungry and cold, I did pray to have somewhat for breakfast, which was sheep's feet and white wine, a pleasant breakfast after a cold night's travel. Clothes I could have none from the fryperge because it was holiday, neither was there any clothes to be had in the house, because there were none but women, two widows and their two daughters. " When we had dined I was desirous to sleep, and one of the widows appointed me up into her own chamber, and to lay me down upon her daughter's bed, and having lain there about half an hour, there did come into the house certain inquisitors to seach for Lutherans. One of the servants, looking into the chamber and seeing me lye upon the bed, did go downe and give them knowledge, whereupon one of them did presently come up, and walking twice or thrice up and down, he called me to rise, and being risen up he asked me what I was, my name, from whence I did come, and what I did there. I answered that I was a Scotchman, my name Robert Robertson, and that I did come from Scotland through England, and so directly into France, and the cause of my coming thither was to serve, and having both kinsmen and friends in the Scottish guards I did hope by their means to be preferred into that company ; and seeing me in my boots, and in my doublet and hose they asked me where my horse was, and I answered that because my money was well wasted, and a good price offered, I did sell him at Bevoyse(?) and did come from thence on foot. They asked if I had none other clothes, and I answered that between Saynte Denyse and Paris I had occasion to untie my points, and did deliver my sword and cloak to my boy, willing him to go before, and when I had done my business I did follow, and as it seemed did take a wrong path and so for long seeking of him I was benighted before I could come into Paris. "They marvelled greatly how I did escape from being robbed or killed with the thieves and brigands, and did think verily that my boy was killed, because he did not answer me when I hallowed and called loud for him. With these answers they seemed satisfied, and departed down out of the chamber and being below they enjoyned the woman of the house to be before them the next day at the concierge court in the palace. " The poor woman knowing that being there before them they would alledge such matters and crafty cases agaynst her as she should not escape with less charges than two French crowns, thereupon prayed them to take me away with them and discharge her appearance ; whereupon her daughter was sent up to call me down, and at my coming down they said I must go with them because the woman desired them to take me with them. I asked the cause, and the woman said that she should be put to great charge for my cause. I said then unto the inquisitors that IS if they did take me with them and appoint me to a good lodging, J should have cause to thank them, and if they did use me other- wise, my friends, I was sure, would give them small thanks ; and hereupon a sergeant (attending upon them) did come unto them and secretly said unto them (as the woman did say unto me after- wards) that I was none of them that they had commission to seek (or and to apprehend, and that if they should take me with them and commit me to prison, and no good cause to fall out why to do it. my friends' and kinsmen in the guard might make some quarrel, and seek means to be revenged of the injury done unto me, and thereupon they discharged the woman of her appearance, and did leave me still in the house, enjoyning me to depart the next day out of the city towards the court. • ' I was glad to be so rid of them and did the more quietly sleep all that afternoon. After I had well rested I desired the wife of the house to provide for my supper a gegott of mutton and a cappanette, and if she had any good neighbour (that would be merry) to desire his company to sup with us, which she did perform. He was a woman's physician, a pleasant companion, and offered me great courtesy either to lodge me, or to do me any other pleasure, which I think he would have done indeed. Well, I remained with my hostesse all that night, and the next morning I did send to the fryperge to furnish myself with such apparrel as was fit for me, and did buy a black cloak with sleeves, and a pair of canvas stopps to cover my scarlet hose, and a sword. I did then bind up my beard with a half hand- kerchief, and (after I had broken my fast) I did take my sword in hand and did go out at adventure into the city, unto Pon de Molyne where I did buy a girdle and did gird myself with my sword, and did walk all that day up and down in the city, but most in the University, to see if I could meet with Hanse or some other Englishman ; and travelling all the day from college to college, demanding for Scottish men, I did at length find a Frenchman (in a college) that did bring me to a tailor's house, where were lodged Marcainfeld, Mr. Doctor Cary (now of the Chancery) and one Golding, a man borne in Eye. I rewarded the Frenchman, and remained in the house until Marcainfield and Golding did come in, for Mr. Carey was gone to bring my Lord Gray to Dieppe in his way homeward. I did discover myself unto them, and after some small time of speech with them, Golding did remain with me, and Marcainfeld did go abroad to seek and find Hanse, which he did and brought him presently to me, and at his coming I saluted him as he was worthy ; but in the end we agreed, and so remained there all that night. " In the morning Golding with Hanse did go to my lodgings to fetch my wallet, with shirts and boots, and at their return (and after dinner), being Saturday, they carried me out of the city to a house where Henry Dudley was lodged, and where I found a Calais woman, Mrs. Bell, a tried woman at all things, where I was well kept for five days, and had very good entertainment and relief from the Lady Pontemarye (being then in Paris). In the time of my lying there, Hanse did prepare horses for our journey, and on 19 the Thursday we departed from Paris to St. Jermyns, the next day (as I remember) to Legyesse, and from thence (leaving Mantts) we went towards Saynte Barbara as pilgrims, and in our way to a town called Treboyrsse, which Edward Horsaye had in right of his wife, where we found a man of his, named Watson, who guided us to Caen in Normandy, where we found Edward Horsye sick, and very poor in his bed. We did come to Caen upon Saturday and departed upon the Monday to a little village near the haven, where we hired a little boat for our passage, and upon Thursday in the evening we entered the boat, hoping to have fallen upon the coast of England the next day betimes. "But the wind came contrary, and did blow so strongly as we were put out of our course, and so driven to go whither the wind would drive us, which was upon the coast of Brittany, where the seas rise very high; and being all the night and day sore tormented, and our foremast and sail blown over the board, [and] our main sail torn through. About the mid afternoon the weather began to calme and then we, with such things as we had, amended our sails, and did draw them up and put ourselves under sail, and within an hour's sailing we did discry land and so bore with it, as (being near night) we did come under the side (being a high cliff) we might discover it to be the Isle of Jersey ; and sailing a little time under the cliff, the ship's boy (being in the foreship) discovered the rocks, and cried out that we were all lost, and withall I remembered he cried to pray Saint Barbara who was then a great saint in Normandy. And so in a little time, sailing amongst the rocks, we put out an anchor, and did rest there all that night. " In the morning very early we called up our mariners, for they were lodged together in a cabin, but we did lie wet to the weather, and then did amend our sails meaning to go again to try our fortunes in the seas ; but when the day did appear we might (sic, did ?) see divers people walking upon the land. "Then I was disirous to be landed, and therefore did cause the mariners to put the boat nearer to the shore, but amongst the rocks, so as, if evil weather had risen, we must have perished there. We lay there all the day making such wrafts [rafts ?] and synges as we could, and when it did grow near night, two men, seeing us in that desperate place, did come down and ask us what we would have and what we did in that dangerous place. We answered that we would willingly come to land. They appointed us to return our boat back again to their haven, which we had missed before for lack of knowledge. I prayed them to help me and Hanse to land as they did upon the rocks from one to another, and when I was upon the dry sands I kneeled down, and made a cross, and did kiss it, giving God thanks that we were upon English ground ; and so by these two men we were conducted to the town and to a good house where I desired to have a bed made, and did go into it and did lie there until my shirts and clothes were dried and my supper made ready, and having supped, I did speedily go again to bed to rest me after so troublesome and weary a journey. 20 "The n.wt day after I had discharged the boat and paid the bire 3 I did hire a guide and horses to bring me to the castle, when I did find .Mr. Aniysse Powlette for captain, and where I remained till Wednesday, and then did take shipping and arrived at Lyme in Dorsetshire upon Thursday, and resting there a night and half a day I did take my journey directly to Sir John Thynne, his house in Wiltshire [Longleat], and I arrived there upon the Sal unlay, which was, as I remember, the xii day of October, where I continued with him until after Halammas, and then did ride with him to London, and after knowledge given of my arrival I was commanded to be lodged for the first night at the Chequer in the Strand, and the next day order taken to lodge me in the Tower; bu1 Sir John Mason, being always my good friend, moved the Council so much in my favor, as they would like that his house might be my prison until there might be time to bring me to trial and arraignment upon the indictment of high treason found against me in the time of Queen Mary's reign, which in the end of Michaelmas term (in the second year of her majesty's reign) was perfected and tried with effect in the Guildhall in London before the Lord Mayor, Justice Corbett, and others in commission whose names I do not remember. Mr. Girard [Gerrard] the attorney- genera] was there to give evidence against me, which by the attorney was done as vehemently as if I had deserved to be con- demned, notwithstanding that he did know that the Queen her majesty was fully resolved to pardon me. " I should first have shewed that the same morning of my trial I was appointed by the lieutenant to be early at the Tower gate, which I observed; and at my coming he saluted me, and, being ready with the guard and the axe of the Tower to be brought after me, he did take me by the arm, and did lead me from the Tower to the Guildhall, where we stayed some small time for the Lord Mayor and Commissioners. When they were come and set, the court began, and the jury called and sworn. " All that forenoon being spent in the giving of evidence and of my answers, and defence, and the jury charged, the Mayor with the Commissioners and the whole bench did go to their dinners. The Lord Mayor did order a mess of meat to be brought to [me by] the lieutenant, whereof I did eat but little, and that unquietly, because of the vehement evidence given by the attorney. After dinner the Mayor and Commissioners returned to the Guildhall and immediately did send to know if the jury were ready, and in short time after they did come in, and being called particularly by name, I was then called, as before, and willed to hold up my hands. The Clerk of the Peace, after their appearance and holding up my hand, asked them if they were agreed, and they answered yea. Then he asked them, who should say for bhem, they answered their foreman; then he asked, what they said to the treason whereof I was arraigned, and whether J was guilty, or not guilty, who answered, not guilty; which moved the people to make great noise of joy in the hall, and did much rejoice me, although I did weep full bitterly, as now in this writing it maketh me to yield some tears. "The judge then called unto mc, meaning to proceed to judgment, but it was long before I could call my spirits to be able to answer him, which he did very courteously bear, and did en- courage me not to be grieved with the trial, for it was appointed by God to try how I could bear and endure adversity. ! u the time of the judge his advice and persuasion, T had somewhat called my spirits unto me, and did humbly beseech him to give me leave to make some recital of my many troubles and adversities in the, loss of Calais, which he courteously granted unto me. I said first that upon the approaching of the French army T did as others did, sent away my wife and children, some one way, and some another, which did not a little trouble me, and then having the charge of the breach that they first did make, which was repaired in the night, as they had made the breach in the (Lay, whereon T was in as great peril as any in the town, but such as were killed indeed. When the town was yielded I was taken as prisoner by Monsieur de Suasse, a Provansal. I lost all my goods and lands on that side the seas, I was prisoner to Paris and remained there prisoner in the Bastile xix months, being delivered by God's great goodness and help. I did seek my best and surest way by Caen in Normandy, where taking shipping for England we fell into such, a storm and tempest, as I wished to be again in the prison. And now here I am this day arraigned as a traitor, which would be a spot on my coat while I live, and a reproach when I am dead. Praying him and all the rest to bear with me for I had a troubled and a weather- beaten witt. " And (these long words ended) he proceeded to judgment which he did pronounce with as great courtesy and comfortable speeches as I could wish or desire, and so did give commandment unto the lieutenant to discharge me, paying my fees ; and so we did humbly take our leave and departed. And the axe of the tower carried home upon his shoulder, that did before bring it upright, with the edge from me-ward ; and so the lieutenant did give me leave to go to my first prison at Sir John Mason's, where himself and all the company were very merry. But 1 could not so soon forget my trouble and travail of that day, for in truth in seeing and answering what was said and vehemently objected against me, I did sweat as if I had travelled in a hot summer day. "And here [is] an end of this tragedy, God keen us all good men from the like." Postscript : — " After the death of Queen Mary, Monsieur Sepyer sent for me to dine with him in his lodging in the Turmells, as he had divers times before, where he did discover to mc the death of Queen Mary which I did shew to take grievously, lie then entered into device and discourse with me for a marriage between the Queen's Majesty and the Duke de M .... and he sa id unto me, that if I would agree to his demand for ransome, he would not doubt (if I would shew myself diligent and willing to serve him in the cause) to draw the King to pay it for me, and offered bo give me leave to go into England upon my faith to make, proof what I could do, and to return by a day. I made him answer that (being <22 uncertain of my good estate and credit in this great charge T durst not presume nor enterprize into so weighty a cause, and, as I did hear, my Lord Gray did enter into this cause, and did spede as well as I was like to do. " Other accidents not needful to be noted or inserted in this simple tragedy. " As of the King's death (at the tilt) by a blow given by Mont- gomery. Of the escape of Mondragon out of my chamber. Of five of the parliament sent to the Bastille by the King's own commandment (being there in persone) whereof Deborgg was one, whom I did leave in a cage within a chamber, and was after burned for religion."* St. Albans Election. 1572, April 21. — Indenture made in full court of the mayor and chief burgesses of the borough of St. Albans before the said mayor and burgesses in the common hall there, on Thursday, 21 April, 14 Elizabeth [a.d. 1572], between the sheriff of Herts and Robert Wolley, mayor, John Lockey, John Sibley and many other inhabi- tants of the said borough and the commonalty of the same, witnessing that the said mayor, etc., have elected Henry Cock, esq., and Charles Smith, gentleman, as burgesses to serve in parlia- ment. Copy. Trade with Italy. 1588, April 26.— Order to the Lord Treasurer :— " My lords of the council having considered of the great disorder and hindrance that groweth to the Company of Merchants Adventurers by certain of their own company and others, that traffic between this realm and Italy, breaking the bulk of the commodities they carry between these countries in the midway, in Germany or some other places where the said Adventurers are priviledged, I am willed to signify unto your lordship that, for the avoiding of the said disorder, their lordships pray you to send for such persons, either of the Company of Adventurers or others as this company will give the names of to your lordships to be traffickers in this disorderly manner, and to take such order with them as they enter into sufficient bonds before the said Company of Adventurers, to her Majesty's use, that from thenceforth they do not, in their trade between England, Italy or other foreign countries, deal as inter- lopers or break any their bulks in any place of Germany or else- where where the said Company are privileged, or contrary to the good constitutions of this Company, which they have amongst themselves established by virtue of their charter from her Majesty and her progenitors. For it is by their lordships, for many good respects, thought requisite that this Company of Adventurers, in their trade and privileges, should receive all the best comfort and assistance that may be against such persons, especially of their own freedom, as by interloping do annoy them." * The narrative is in parts extremely difficult to decipher, and use has been made of two transcripts. 23 Trade in Cloth and Wool. 1608, October 29. Whitehall.— The Lord Treasurer to the officers and farmers of the Custom House, London : — " Whereas it hath been of long time conceived necessary for the state of this realm that the cloths and other woollen commodities herein made to be vented in foreign parts should be holden in credit and good estimation, which can, by no means, be better done than by the maintenance and support of a governed trade beyond the seas, and by letting, stopping and prohibiting such as are not especially privileged to trade, from transporting any sorts of cloths or other woollen commodities into the Low Countries or Germany, for that they usually prevent the markets and beat down prices of the cloths and woollen commodities soe transported by them, not only to the great loss and hindrance of the merchants priviliged, but especially to the hurt of all sorts of people that depend upon wool and clothing ; " Now forasmuch as this indirect and unorderly trading may by your diligent circumspection and careful assistance given to the Company of Merchants Adventurers be discovered and prevented, these are to require you and every of you that, soe often as the governour of the said company or his deputy shall come or send their officer unto you, requiring to know what ships or goods are entered or bound to foreign parts, that you forthwith show unto them your books of entries and warrants thereof, and that you be aiding and assisting unto them in whatsoever concerns your places, but chiefly in the discovering, letting and hindering of all indirect practices in that kingdom according to such command- ment and order as you have formerly received from the lords of the council in his Majesty's name in his behalf. "And further for the better effecting hereof I do appoint and assign you, the customers, for the time being, to take sufficient bonds, to his- Majesty's use, of all such merchants, masters and owners of the ship or ships which the governour of the said company of Merchants Adventurers, his deputy, or any of you, the king's officers or farmers, shall know or suspect to enter or ship cloths or any other woollen commodities, indirectly, for any the places where the said company are privileged by the King's Majesty's charters. And that you nor any of you suffer any such ship or woollen commodities to pass away, till they have entered into bonds accordingly, the tenor of which bonds shall be as followeth : — Noverint universi per presentes, etc. The condition of this obligation is such, that where the above bound T.S., the day of the date hereof, hath entered in the M. of London, Mr. S.B., for Danzig in Prussia two F's and one H's content fifty short white Wiltshire cloths, with intent to transport the said cloths in the same ship for Danzig in Prussia and not elsewhere, if the said T.S. shall accordingly ship the said cloths to the place aforesaid and land them there, and shall also cause a true sufficient and lawful certificate hereof, under the hands and seals of the customers of the place where the goods shall be landed, to be returned from thence, and delivered unto you the customers of that said port, and the governour of the Merchants Adven- 24 turcrs or his deputy, within six months after the arrival of the said ships at Danzig aforesaid, certifying that the cloths were unladen there accordingly without fraud or cover, then this obligation to be void and of none effect, or else to stand in full power, force and virtue. " And because those bonds so taken may not seem only a matter of formality and of little purpose and power to restrain the abuses above mentioned, you shall take order that the said bonds may be put into some chest remaining in the Custom House under two several locks, whereof one key to be kept by you, the customers for 1 he time being, and the other by the governour of the company or his deputy, or some other of their officers, to the end that whensoever it shall appear that any of those bonds are forfeited through non-performance of covenants you may repair to his Majesty's Remembrancer, for process to be issued forth against the parties that stand bound to his Majesty's use. " Furthermore you and every of you in your several places shall be aiding and assisting (if need be) to make stay, unlade and take up all such cloths and other woollen commodities as shall be suspected to be sent disorderly, either by brethren of the said company or by interlopers to the place aforesaid. And that such goods as are left out, or pretended to be left out. of any ship on which they were first entered by brethren of the said company, and shall afterwards be shipped by certificate, may not be laden, but only upon such shipps as are appointed by the said company of Merchants Adventurers and bound to the same place for which they were first entered, that they may proceed orderly together, and that one may not prevent another, to the confusion of the trade. " Also I require and charge you that neither you nor any of your clerks do permit any of the company to enter any cloths, or other woollen commodities, upon their promise or pawnes that they will bring the deputy's bill for the same, unless they first bring the said bills or warrants from the deputy or secretary ; neither yet to allow of the said deputy's or secretary's bill, if the same be cither raysed or interlyned. Whereof let due care be had as appertaineth, that I may commend your dutifulness therein." Baronets. [1611]. — "Motives to induce the knights, citizens and burgesses of the Commons' House of Parliament to petition his Majesty for the revoking and abolishing of the degree of baronets, lately erected by his Highness' letters patent. " First because this newe degree is offensive unto the nobility of this realme, whose descendaunts, in all reason, ought to have prime eminence amongest the gentry of this kingdome ; yet barronets by these letters patente are to have precedence before the des- cendaunts from the younger children of barons, earles, dukes, etc. " And to the order of knighthood, because that degree, beinge a personall dignity and springing out of vertue and deserte, ought to be ranged next and immediatly unto barrony. Nevertheless, •25 the degree of barronets is interposed betwene barrony and knighthood. " And unto the gentry of this kingdome, because manie of the barronets and their descendants beinge meanely descended must have precedence before gentlemen of auntient familyes, whoe, by this innovation, wilbe much vilified and of small reckoninge in the commonwealth. " And unto the magistrates of the kingdome, whoe, in respect of their offices and places wherein they serve, and alsoe of the gravity and wisedome of their persons in publique services and assemblyes, have used to have precedence before others ; but no we they must geve place unto barronetts and their descendants, albeit some of them are, and manie of them in tyme to come may be, meane in birth, poore in estate, and of small worth and deserte. " And unto the whole commonalty whose descendants by their vertues and good fortunes may hereafter attaine unto credit and reputation in the comonwealth. " Inconveniencyes that will arise unto his Majestie and this estate by reason of this newe institution. " There will be allwaies dislike, envy and hartburning betweene the gentry of the kingdome and the barronets. "The honour of knighthood which was wont to encourage generous myndes unto highe cxployts, will nowe come into con- tempt, for [knights], be they of never soe great prowesse and valour, must, by this institution, be inferior unto barronets of smallest worth. Knighthood hath bene held a competent reward for forraine and home imployments, but nowe his majestie must be driven to seeke newe wayes for the recompence and satisfaction of such services. "Gentlemen of great livelyhood and estimation will refraine his Majesties service in publique assemblyes for the administration of justice and otherwise, because they scorne to geve place unto manie of the barronets whome they account their inferiors. " The reputation of knighthood and antiquity of discent hath in former tymes much advanced the gentry soe qualified in prefer- ment to marriadges whoe are very much prejudiced by this hereditory title. " Great noblemen of this kingdome have bene degraded from their tituler dignityes for want of meanes to support their honour. But these barronets, albeyt they shall happen to be of noe worth, neither in estate or deserte, must have precedence before knights and gentlemen of greatest reputation. " Nothing is more comendable than honor springing out of vertue and deserte ; but to purchase honor with money (as barronets have done) is a temporall symony and dishonorable to the state. " The comonalty of the kingdome, ever since the first institution thereof, hath consisted of certeine degrees knowne by legall additions without chandge or alteration by anie of his majesties progenitors ; but this innovation may, by way of president, alter the whole frame, of the commonwealth. " His Majestie by his prerogative royail may create barons, vicounts, earles and anie other degrees of nobility as others his 20 auncestors and progenitors have done ; but the erection of this or anie other in the comonalty is not warranted by anie former precedent, usage or custom." Baronets. [1611]. — "A collection of the chief things belonging unto baronets. " Baronet is a meane or middle degree created by the free power of an hereditary monarch ; conferred of his grace on certen gentle- men to be a personall title of honor and degree inherited in ther houses. " In as much as it is a degree hereditarie of necessarie conse- quence it falleth under the common rules of other hereditary degrees and accordingly to be judged in cases not expressed. "The privilidges granted unto it are of title of ranck ; of title unto the proprieter the name of baronet followinge with the adition before his name, and to his wife the stile of dame, madame, or lady. Of ranck comon or speciall the common precedent unto the baronetts, ther wives, ther sonnes and ther daughters, and the wives of ther sons, before certen knights of the order of Banneret, before the knights of the Order of the Bathe and before the knights batchelor and ther wives, sons, daughters and wives of ther sonnes, in a regular respecte ; that is to say, the baronet and his wife before the knight and his wife; the eldest sonne of the baronet and his wife and the daughters of the baronet, before the eldest sonne and his wife of such knight, the youngest before the youngest and soe in order. For the wife of the eldest son, by the common rule of hereditary degrees, and the daughters, take one place, but the daughters foil owe next after the said wife. " The speciall are anexed to persons or to the degree to the persons of the baronetts and ther heires or of the baronetts alone. " For the first his majesty is pleased to knight the present baron- etts that are noe knights, and doth also, etc., promisse and grant, for him, his heires and successors, that such barronetts, and the heires males of ther bodies, as hereafter shalbe noe knights when they shall attaine or bee of the age of 21 yeares uppon knowledge herof given, etc., shall be knighted by his majesty, his heires and successors ; by which words his majesty granteth to knight the baronetts present and future which may be by creation or suc- cession, and the heires males of ther bodies havinge attained the age of 21 yeares, which touchinge the baronetts is not doubted of ther heires. A queston is raised whether the heier by this ought to be knighted, the father lyvinge, which I affirme ; for one man cannot be at the same tyme baronet and heir. Therefore two are intended. Again baronet and heir are relatives which cannot stand asunder, but in nature must be at one time ; againe the limitation of 21 yeares is to the baronetts and the heires males of ther bodies, which may stand together. Therefore the grant is equall to both and together. " Lastlie by the worde heir somewhat is ment, is confounded nothing, which worde I thinek cannot be idle in a grant, wherfore the heir oughte to be knighted the father lyvinge. 27 " To the baronetts (sic) alone is granted a place neere the royall standard in the kinges armes. Also two assistants of the bodie to supporte the palle, a principalle mourner and fower assistants to him at the funeralls; which meane proportion argueth the degree to be the middle betwene baron and knight as the like dofch marquesse and viscount. " That anexed to the degree is that nether his majesty nor his heires, etc,, shall hereafter erecte, etc., anie other degree, etc., or give place to anie person, etc., before the degree of baronett under or beneath the degree of a baron of our parliament, which accordeth with the former ; for if the baronet be a middle degree then can ther be noe other betwene baron and it, nor betwene it and knight. " Theise things of inheritance granted under the great seale of England and proceedinge from the unseparable and never ques- tioned prerogative of our free monarch, must have ther protec- tion and maintenance from and by the lawes of this realme, as other titularie degrees at this day have which are built on the same foundations as duke, marquesse, earle, etc." Coke's Reports. [1616, after November 18].— Warrant by James I. : — "Trusted and right well beloved, we greet you well. As we are by our Imperial crown the protector of our laws, and as we have showed to all the world since we came to the crown of this realm, by many visible demonstrations, how far we are from seeking or suffering any change or novelty in the administration of our laws, so it doth much more concern us in our royal office that nothing be received or authorized for law, but upon good ground and warrant, and that our crown and people be not secretly snared by conceit (?) of laws when no such are, and the office of us and our parliament usurped under colour and pretext of reporting judgements and resolutions of law. " Whereas, therefore, upon due and grounded information, we have discovered that there are contained in the books of reports of Sir Edward Cooke, knight, late chief justice of our bench, divers cases that have been since controlled by later judgements, others that have been published whereof there are writs of error depending, other that do vary in substance from the record itself, and a great number of by-cases which are set down under the authority of resolutions, which were but opinions put, by the way, in arguments, together with many digressions and expatiations of his own from the point in question, some of them being very dangerous, and tending to perturbation and novelty in things well settled ; We, reposing special trust in your wisdoms, learning and integrity, will and require you to make a substantial and careful review of the books of reports of the said Sir Edward Cooke, and to expunge and reform the same as well in the points above mentioned, as in any other, which in your wisdoms and discretions shall seem fit, helping yourselves therein as well by the search and sight of the records themselves, when you shall think meet, as by other true and narrative reports which may yet be extant and remain in 28 (livers mens' hands ; to the end the said work of reports may be of sound use and instruction, and not of abuse and misleading in time to come. And though we know this must be the work of some good while, yet we do require you to advance the same with all convenient diligence, for which this shall be your warrant. Given, etc. Examinatur per Francis Bacon. "This containeth your most excellent Majesty's warrant to Sir Henry Montague, lord chief justice of your bench. Sir Henry Hubbard, chief justice of the common pleas, Sir Laurence Tanfield, knight, lord chief baron of the exchequer, Sir James Althom, knight, one of the barons of the exchequer, Sir John Dodderidge, knight, one of the justices of your bench, and Sir Richard Hutton, knight, one of the justices of the common pleas, for the reforming of Sir Edward Cooke's reports, signified to be your Majesty's pleasure by word of your royal mouth in the presence of the council. Fra. Bacon." The Spanish Match. 1623-4, March 5. Petition to the King. — "May it please your most excellent Majesty, we are come to you from your most faithful subjects and servants, the lords and commons in this parliament assembled ; and first they and we do give most humble and hearty thanks unto Almighty God that out of His gracious goodness He has been pleased now at last to dispell that cloud and mist which for so many years hath dimmed the eyes of a great part of Christendom in that business whereof we do now consult ; and secondly we acknowledge ourselves bound unto your Majesty, that you have been pleased to require the humble advice of us, your obedient subjects, in a cause so important as this which hitherto dependeth between your Majesty and the King of Spain, which we jointly offer from both Houses (no one person therein disagreeing or dissenting from the rest), and in that upon mature consideration and weighing many particulars of sundry natures, finding so much want of sincerity in all their proceedings, we super totam materiam present this our humble advice unto your Majesty that the treaties both of the match and the Pall atin ate may not any longer be continued with the honour of your Majesty, the safety of your peace, the welfare of your children and posterity, as also the assurance of your ancient allies and confederates." Copy or Draft. Petition of John Williams, Bishop of Lincoln. [1026]. John, bishop of Lincoln, to the King. — "Most mighty and dread sovereigne I have now, these 4 monthes, by the strength of those gratious speeches your Majesty used when I took my leave with your Majestie att Salisbury, and the conscience of mine owne innocency from having ever wilfully or malitiously offended your Majesty, comforted myself e in this great affliction to be thus enjoyned from your Majesties presence, the onely haven wherin my soule delighted. I have endured, I hope dutifully and patiently, 29 my discharge from that great office for the execution whereof I was altogether unworthy, my required absence from the councell table, my sequestration from attending your Majesties coronation, and your Majestie's favourable pleasure for such esteeme that to spare my presence all this next parliament, and I trust in God I shall more readily obey any other command that beares the image and superscription of your Majestie without any designe of searching after the hand that helpes to presse or ingrave itt ; yet because I suffer in some more particulars than, peradventure, is explicitely knowne unto your Majesty, and if I have no freind left about your Majesty that dares, for feare of displeasure, relate unto your Majesty my greifes and necessityes, I humbly crave your gracious pardon to make some representations and some few petitions unto your most excellent Majesty. " First I humbly represent unto your Majestie that, besides my former calamities, I am not paid that part of my pension that should pay the creditours who lent me money to buy the same, notwithstanding your Majesty hath bene gratiously pleased to direct otherwise. ■ ' Secondly, I have not yett received my writt of summons in the parliament, denied to no prisoners or condemned peeres in the late raigne of your blessed father, that I might accordingly make my prayr, which I cannott doo (my writt reteyned), and retire my self into the countrey, as I had done long since, had not the expectation of this writt together with the speciall service of my lord duke, and no other occasion whatsoever, detained me " These two particulars and representations, with all submission unto your majesty, shall make therein these petitions that follow : I most earnestly begg att your Majesties hands, for God's sake and your blessed father's sake, whose creature and most painful servant I late was, first that your Majesty would be pleased to mittigate and allay the councell's displeasure and my lord duke's against me, who is so little satisfied with any thing I can doe or suffer that I have no meanes left to appease his anger, but my prayers to God and your sacred Majesty ; secondly I beseech your Majesty, for Christ Jesus his sake, not to believe news or accusations against mee concerning my carriage, past, present or to come, while I stay thus enjoyned [sic] from your royall presence, before you shall have heard my answers and defence unto the particulars. They that informe your Majesty (God Hee knoweth) bee oftentimes misinformed. " My last supplication unto your Majesty is that in my absence in this parliament no use may be made of your Majestie's sacred name to wound the reputation of a poore bishop, who, besides his religion and duty to that divine character, yea more heere have even affectionately honoured your very person above all the objects in this world, as hee desires the salvation of the world to come. " But [as] I crave no protection against any other accusor or accusation whatsoever, so shall I never cease to pray to the Almighty God to make your Majesty the happiest and greatest that ever was crowned and anointed." Copy. 30 A Note, signed by Sib Cr. Croke, of the proceedings in the King's Bench against Sir John Eliott, Mr. Hollis, Mr. Valentine ano others. 1629. — " That for the grauntinge a habeas for any of them I was allwaies willinge and ready, but never denied my voice for anie of them and did not nor would delay it for anie pretence. "For the bailinge of them I was allwaies desirous and willinge soe as they would finde sureties for the good behaviour which (with the rest of the judges) I conceived fitt to be required; the cause of their committment beinge certified under his Majesties owne hand to be for notable contempts done to himselfe and his governmente, and for stirringe upp his people to sedition against him. And the Lord Chief Justice Hide likewise enformed that his Majestie had declared himselfe that he was fearefull these gentlemen would stirr upp a rebellion in his kingdome if some course were not taken to prevent, whereuppon we weare all of opinion that, to put his Majestie out of feare of that danger, we might take order in that respecte to bynde them to the good behaviour, with good sureties, for a convenient tyme, that the Kinge might be secure. Therefore I never denied baile soe as they would finde sureties which we allwaies intended, which should be noe longe tyme, they shewinge theire obedience to the Kinge and court in that behalfe. And this I told often to Mr. Valentine and Mr. Strowde. " Concerninge the information, I conceived at the first that it could not lie in the King's Bench but uppon penall statutes, but the other judges affirmed, and Mr. Keelinge, that there were informations for manie other causes, and that informations had bene preferred in the Kinge's Bench for thinges acted and done in parliament ; and my brother Jones said that he could shewe divers to that purpose, and then were mentioned two, one in 3 Edward III, against the Bishopp of Winchester departinge from the parliament without licence ; and another 1 and 2 Philip and Mary, likewise against parliament gentlemen, much more breaches of the peace in the parliament house, and not punished in the parliament, might be punished in the Kinge's Bench or noewhere. And therefore I consented with them that the court had juris- diction, and that the informations if it were proved would lie. And so I informed Mr. Strode and Mr. Valentine and Mr. Sergeant Ashley, and wished them by any meanes they should pleade and not suffer a judgment by nihil dicit, for in my opinion if they pleaded they could receave noe hurte." Richard Weston to the Farmer and Officers of His Majesty's Customs in the Port of London. 1630, October 21. Roehampton. — "Whereas the lords of his Majesty's privy council have, by their order of the 10th present, given strict charge that no broad cloth, whether whites or colours, and also that no kerseyes or bayes shall be transported into any town or place within Germany or the Low Countries, other than wherever the Company of Merchant 3] Adventurers shall have their residences and staples, by which order also the care is committed unto me to give direcctions unto the officers of the several ports for the effectual execution of the same, as by the coppy of the same order which you shall receive herewith may appeare ; these are therefore to will and require you that, for all such broad cloths, kerseys and bayes, as shall be from time to time passed in your ports for any parts of Germany or the Low Countries, other than such only as shall have the seal of the said Company to their entry, you take bond of the several pro- prieters to his Majesty's use, in a good sum, according as the value of the goods entered shall require, that they shall, within six months after the lading thereof, return unto you due certificate of the landing and discharging of the same in one of the places where the said Company of Merchants Adventurers hold their residence and staple, for the time being, unless by casualty of the sea or other misfortune the goods cannot be there landed ; and such certificates to be under the seal of the said Company residing in such staple towns respectively and subscribed by the deputy or other public officer of the same Company there residing. And lest such cloths, kerseys or bayes shall be colourably entered for some other parts and yet conveyed into Germany or the Low Countries, you shall, for all broad cloth, kerseys and bayes entered in your ports for other places not being of Germany or the Low Countries, take like bonds as aforesaid to bring you authentic certificate within the like term of six months of the real discharge thereof, at such places as they are designed unto by the entries and cocketts, excepting only the case of like casualty as is before mentioned ; upon return of which certificates, in manner aforesaid, you are to deliver up the bonds of the several parties ; otherwise you are to keep the bonds until you receive further order touching the same." Enclosing the order of Council referred to. Projects for the Relief of the Poor in Colchester. 1631-2, February 28. Whitehall— Warrant to the Lord Keeper to grant a commission for putting into execution the laws for the relief of the poor, etc., in the town of Colchester. Copy. Appended are : — (1) " An essay tending to the training up of the idle poor in the town of Colchester, so as not a beggar be permitted there to wander ; and also for the nursing and training up of poor orphans in that town until they be fit to be put to service, that they may not be chargeable to the parishes where they were born, and likewise for the abating of that loathsome sin of drunkenness, with many other enormous vices committed in alehouses, the rendezvous of idle persons ; and for a more plentiful relieving of the poor by a way not hitherto practised, without any other charge than the ordinary collection. Where come to be considered : — " First the intolerable mischiefs occasioned by the alehouses as they now stand : — 1. They cause a great quantity of corn to be spent, lewdly in drunkenness. 32 2. Poor men do spend their time and money by long sittings, without regard of wife and children. :\. They are the rendezvous for all lewd persons to invent mischief to hurt others. 4. They outbrave the excellent wisdom of the high court of parliament. 5. They outface the zealous pains of learned and godly ministers. 6. They make scorn at the vigillant care and authority of the magistrate. 7. They leave a scar of infamy upon this land. 8. The keepers of these houses do use all the means possible to the justices for the continuing in the places, either by their best friends or sending of presents or plying them with gratuities. " Next the remedies for these mischiefs to be applied in the town of Colchester, that is to get the houses altered, transformed or shapen into another course than heretofore, namely to have the beer or ale drawn and served out for and to the use of the poor by persons thereunto appointed. " This transformation is to be effected : — (1.) By inquiries : For the officers thereunto appointed shall take a general view of all the alehouses in the parish, inns and taverns excepted, and certify all the names and ages of the householders ; how many there be in every parish ; how many of those do use to lodge travellers ; how many travellers each house can lodge ; how long they have used that trade ; what trade they used before ; also to take notice of the place ; and whether there be too many or too few for that place. (2.) By order, the former being known it will be requisite, To pull down so many in every parish as shall seem expedient. To admit of none but such as shall draw for the poor, that is to their use. " To the ordering hereof three things are needful : — A convenient dwellinghouse to be provided for the executing of this business, which must be in the nature of an office, where accounts are to be kept for beer laid in and moneys received In which house the orphans shall be kept and trained up to work. A sufficient honest man or woman appointed by four of the chief of the parish to draw the beer and ale to the use aforesaid ; those may be such as receive collection. The money to be preserved by paying it to the overseer every week or every day, and the overseer to pay it to one of the commissioners, and he to pay it into the office every fortnight. ' ' If this will not afford sufficient maintenance, then there may be errected one or more brew-houses for the laying in of beer to the victuallers or to private householders. 33 " My desire is to make choice, by his Majesty's authority, of some persons thereunto well affected for the bringing of these things into a due form. " Lastly the benefits which are like to grow from this trans- formation of alehouses will be apparent— 1. A great spare of corn yearly that nowe is ill spent. 2. A preventing of poor men's time and money spent there. 3. The destroying of idle meetings, with all disorder there committed. 4. The profit accruing may abate the collection in every parish. 5. That which before was drawn to private uses will now be for a public good. It will be a great ease to all officers, for the drawers, being servants to the parishes, must be obedient to their masters. " To the right honourable the lords and others of his Majesty's council. The humble petition of William Mott. Showeth — " That whereas this King's most excellent Majesty hath been pleased of late to commend unto your honourable care, the state of the poor within the kingdom, to be conveniently provided for, together with the preventing of the exhorbitant abuses of ale- houses, the common receptacles of all disorders, which at this time are grown to this height as that they outbrave the excellent wisdom of the high courts of parliament, outface the zealous pains of faithful ministers, scorn at the vigilant authority of magistrates and leave a scar of infamy upon this righteous land ; "So it is, that your most humble petitioner hath bethought himself of a way how to relieve the poor of the town of Colchester without any further charge than the ordinary contribution in a more comfortable manner than heretofore, so as not one shall be permitted to beg or wander, viz., by setting the able on work and by raising a competent stock from the alehouses, which may be ordered by his Majesty's authority henceforth to draw their beer not to any private man's use, but to the use of the poor, for which end a convenient house is to be provided, fit persons to be chosen for the drawing of the beer, and the monies preserved for the use of the poor. " May it therefore please your honours to appoint some of this honourable board to examine these annexed papers, and if your honours shall find it fitting to be put in practice, it might" please you to intercede with the King's most excellent Majesty for his royal authority to be given to the petitioner for the due execution of the business aforesaid in his Majesty's name. " For the avoiding and preventing of wandering beggars in the city, town or village, and for the more plentiful relieving of the poor in every parish, by a way not hitherto practised, without any further charge than the ordinary collection ; tendered to graver consideration by a wellwishing friend to the city. " The doleful and disconsolate face of our ancient mother city even now mourning for the heavy loss of many thousands of her dear children and as yet over blurred with the disgrace of a swarm of nasty beggars (being partly a remainder of the fatal stroke of c 34 God's visitation, partly the hateful brood of idleness and un- thrifty ness), could not but pierce the heart of every true zealot with horror and compassion, and likewise stir up all the faculties of his understanding, toward the finding out of a convenient remedy for the rectifying of so mayne a disorder, which hath remained as an eyesore and blemish to that righteous city, and to this renowned kingdom. And this is it that hath set my thoughts on work to try what speedy and effectual means might be pro- pounded for the removing of this reproach, and for the restoring of that noble city to the former native comeliness and beauty, assuring myself that the like care and zeal hath already touched the hearts of many worthy citizens to bend their best cogitations towards the curing of this foul disease. " That which I have conceived at this present for this purpose, stands chiefly in two things : — "(1). The severing and shoaling out of this confused crew whereby each sort may be ranked within his own residence. " (2). The due providing for them in their several places. For the severing and shoaling two things must be done : — " (1). The country beggars discerned from those of the city. " (2). Those of one parish to be known from those of another. "For the effecting of both these premises it will be needful that fit persons be appointed, who are like to be most eager, watchful and industrious about the discovery of all sorts of this vagrant colony, which otherwise will be hardly spied out without a special sleight of indagation. The persons that are most like to have the gift of discovery, besides the officers now in place, are certain new beadles, qualified with a good report and a good courage, for as this good report will make them prove conscionable, so their courage will arm them with boldness. And they may be chosen out of such a number in every parish as receive collection ; for nothing will make them more vigillant than the receiving of collection, seeing the daily encroachings of vagrants doth merely [nearly?] concern them. And therefore the continual jealousy against those who come for no other purpose than to eat the meat out of their mouths will ever animate them with an indefatigable eagerness of discovery. Neither would it be but useful to have in every parish (besides such beadles) one woman or two, who receive collection and qualify as before is said, which would be a means to espy and discover the tricks and fraud ordinarily used among vagrant women. " The executing of their charge must be to apprehend those foreign beggars ranging out of their places, and to bring them to the office to be examined, and if they be found to dwell within the liberty of the city and to receive collection, then they shall carrry them to the place of their dwelling and deliver them to the over- seers, who shall consider whether the collection hath been sufficient to take away the pretence of wandering. If it have been sufficient, they shall keep the collection back until the party will obey good orders. If it be not, then to augment it to a competent proportion. If they be such as dwell in the country, then they are to be dealt with according to the statute or else punished by authority. 35 "The providing for them must be done by raising some extra- ordinary means for a more plentiful maintenance, so to cut off all just excuse or colour of ranging out of their proper place. " The raising up of this stock is to be done by the benefit of the alehouses transformed or shapen into another course than thereto- fore, namely to have the beer or ale drawn and served out, for and to the use of the poor, by persons hereunto appointed. This transformation is to be effected, &c." [The suggestions for reform are similar to those above], Francis Tilney to Sir Harbottle Grimston. [After 1642]. — " May it please your patience and clemency to give me leave, knowing you to be a man of singular note for wisdom and piety, to open my heart unto you in a case of conscience. First, for the truth of what I write I take God to record upon my soul, which I know to be as much as any corporal oath, 1 have had many night visions, the chief of which I have here punctually expressed. I conceived them to be premonitory and of higher consequence then merely to concern myself. Whereupon I had much putting on my spirit to tender them to the consideration of some worthy member of the right honourable and high court of Parliament, yet I confess with some reluctation and suspicion, lest I should be made an instrument of delusion and a means of hindering the happy works of reformation ; than the perfecting of which, with, peace (if it may be), there is nothing in the world that I desire more. And because of this suspicion of myself I besought God, with fasting and prayer, that I might be no such instrument, and that he would, by lot, make known unto me what lie would have me to do. And the lot fell that I should tender them to consideration as aforesaid. If there shall be thought to be nothing in them, let them vanish. I have discharged my conscience, for I presume not upon any spirit of interpretation ; yet in my con- jectural thoughts some of the first seem already to be accomplished, which made me to heed the others so much the more. As for divulging of them, lest there should seem to be something in them which might encourage malignents, my real intentions are to be as far from it as if my right hand were cut off and my tongue cut out." Enclosure " Night visions which a poor minister of God's word in the county of Suffolk hath of late seen in his sleep." Commences " First while the Scottish army was in England and the Earl of Strafford's case in agitation and the main endeavouring to extirpate episcopacy, he seemed to be in a wide cornfield," etc. An Inventory of the Goods of the Countess-Dowager Rivers, at some house not named. 1644, June 28. — "A true inventory of all the goods and chattels of the Right Honorable, Mary Countesse-Dowager Rivers, deceased, made and apprised by John Lakyn, Alexander Bradshaw, Grosse, and Jeremy Preeme. 30 In the Great Chamber. Old tapistrye hangings, five peeces, and a peece of imagerye work, all old and worne ... ... 03 . 00 . 00 A travers of greene cotton layd with oringe tawney lace 00 . 12 . 00 An other like travers before the dore, and curteyn rods ... 00 . 08 . 00 Two curtens of greene saye against the window next the foregate, and two curtens of greene saye at the north window, and two against the street, and the curten rods 00 . 14 . 00 One long cushion of red cloth of gold, one of greene cloth of silver, one of blue cloth of gold, one of watchett cloth of silver 06 . 00 . 00 A Turkie carpett to lye on the ground under the cushions 00 . 12 . 00 A chayer of red cloth of gold, another of greene stripes with red, a back chayer, and ii low stooles of orange tawney and white, a back chayer of needleworke 07 . 02 . 0G Two back chayers of greene cloth with yellow nailes 00 . 06 . 08 Twelve old stooles with greene cloth ... ... 00 . 12 . 00 Ten other stooles fringed with popingay greene ... 00 . 12 . 00 Three round tables and three old greene carpetts upon them 02 . 10 . 00 One little table and frame with leaves and a carpett to it 00 . 10 . 00 One square table and an old carpett ... ... 00 . 08 . 00 Three long cushions, willow coloured, a foote cloth, and a forme covered with greene ... ... 01 . 10 . 00 One cupbord to sett plate on, with a carpett ... 00 . 10 . 00 One broad wainscott stoole, and 2 leaden cisternes to sett the beere in 00 . 10 . 00 A box for a wax candle, an extinguisher, a fier pan, ) and tongs, 2 iron dogs, bellowes > 00 . 03 . 00 Snuffers, a pepper box ) A bandora and a case... ... ... 00 . 10 . 00 A pair of playing tables ... ... ... ... 00 . 03 . 04 A glass shelf e and some glasses ... ... ... 00 . 05 . 00 A brasse braich for a candle, and two brasse plate candlesticks 00 . 05 . 00 A little frame and a payer of playing tables, with red and white men 00 . 05 . 00 Ascreene 00 . 01 . 06 In the New Gallery. A long foote carpett of Turkie work 02 . 00 . 00 Another Turkie carpett 02 . 00 . 00 A couch, a great chayer and iii stooles with flowers 01 . 10 . 00 A little Turkie carpett, old, of yellow and red ... 00 . 01 . 06 A great chayer, a back chayer, and ii stooles of greene and white tuftaffata 00 . 12 . 00 87 A voyder and trensher knife 00 . 02 . 06 Agreatdosse 00 . 01 . 00 A long old foot carpett 00 . 02 . 00 Two stooles of tissue, fringed with silke, and ii lowe ones 01 . 08 . 00 Two high stooles of old crimson velvett ... ... 00 . 08 . 00 High stooles, three of cloth of silver, and ii of cloth of gold, all old, and worne almost in peeces ... 00 . 10 . 00 Two little stooles of sattin imbroderes ... ... 00 . 06 . 08 Two little stooles of needleworke 00 . 03 . 00 An old couch with two leanings (?) of red and gold damaske, two cushions and carpett of the same 04 . 00 . 00 A low chayer of cloth of gold and two great chayers of damaske ... ... ... ... 00 . 12 . 00 A frame to lay cushions upon and three square cushions 01 . 00 . 00 Ten window curteyns of greene saye, and curteyne rods to them 02 . 00 . 00 A liverye cupbord and another hanging cupbord, wherin small books lye .. . ... ... ... 00 . 05 . 00 A small table with leaves 00 . 03 . 00 A joyned stoole to sett a lead cesterne, an old Duch chayer, a brasse pan to sett before the fier, fower brasse brauches for candles, fier pan, tongs and irons bellowes, extinguisher ... 01 . 05 . 00 A looking glasse, a cover for the couch and trifles of no value 00 . 03 . 00 Fower curteyns or travers of old greene saye, crosse the gallery e, with the curteyne rods ... ... 00 . 10 . 00 A sedan of black leather lyned with green plush with a greene cover ... ... 16 . 00 . 00 A wicker litter with the furniture ... ... ... 02 . 00 . 00 A needle worke chayer and cushion... ... ... 00 . 13 . 04 Two standerds for basons and hanging shelves colore greene ... ... 00 . 03 . 04 In the Best Chamber. A tester of black velvett, imbrodered, and five old sarcenett curtens, and a halfe headed bedsted 03 . 10 . 00 Five yallow saye curtens with black lace ... ... 01 . 01 . 00 A canvas strawbed ... ... ... ... ... 00 . 02 . 06 A large fetherbed and two bolsters, two woll quilts, a pair of blanketts, an old bleu rugg, a quilt of changeable taffata, a peece of imagerie for a covering, an old wrought pillow, and a travers of greene cotton ... ... ... ... ... 16 . 00 . 00 A travers at the dore and the curteyns and rodds ... 00 . 07 . 00 A wainscott screene ... ... ... ... ... 00 . 01 . 06 A livery cupbord, and cloth of red cloth, old ... 00 . 05 . 00 An old table and red carpett 00 . 05 . 00 An old carpett lying on the ground, a frame stand- ing on it with a buckrom cover, a longe needle 38 worke cushion, a little square greene cushion, an old chayer of crimson velvett, an old yallow stoole, a chayer of red and white stuffe, and two little stooles, two old stooles, Irish stitch, an old red leather chayer, a back chayer of purple coloured cloth ... ... ... ... 04 . 00 . 00 Fier pan, tongs, a screen, bellowes, a deske, a looking glasse, broken, and trifles, a chamber pott ... 01 . 07 . 00 A feather bed and bolster, a downe pillow, a matterice, a red rug, a blankett 06 . 00 . 00 In the Inner Little Chamber next the Best. A livery bedsted {sic), a straw bed, a feather bed, a feather bolster, a pillow, a payer of blanketts, an old tapstry coverlett, a greave and tester, green curtens to it and curten rods, two curtens for the windowes ... ... ... 04 . 00 . 00 A livery cupbord and an old rotten blue covering on it, an old greene chayer, a white gaily bason, a great cipresse chest, a bleu gaily pot... 01 . 13 . 04 A large sattin quill (sic) ... ... ... ... 05 . 00 . 00 A little joyned table, with an old rotten red cloth on it 00 . 05 . 00 A joyned stoole, a looking glasse, an extinguisher, 4 andirons, fier pan and tongs, an iron for the back of the chimney, a pewter chamber pott, an old brush, bedstafTes, a wastcoat screene... 00 . 10 . 00 Apeeceof anoldcarpett and an oldsumpter cloth... 00 . 10 . 00 In the Little Matted Gallery Chamber. A halfe headed bedsted, a feather bed and bolster to it, two pillowes striped with bleu, a payer of blanketts, a red silk quilt, worne almost to peeces, lynsey wolsey curtens, and all above [about ?] the bed 05 . 00 . 00 A chayer, one high and ii low stooles, a pewter chamber pott, iii window curtens worne and naught, an old curten besid the bed, a table and frame, and an old cloth on it, a joyned stoole, andirons, fier pan, tongs, bellowes, an iron at the back of the chimney ... ... ... 00 . 16 . 00 A settle bed, a feather bed and bolster, two blanketts, a peece of an old quilt, a looking glasse, a stone pott and pan ... ... ... 01 . 11 . 06 Two old Dornix curtens and rods in the entrye, a greene close stoole and a frame to sett it upon, a great bason, a joyned stoole, a pewter chamber pott, three shelves, a perke table, a low table and frame, a close stoole going downe the backstayers, and a pewter pan to it ... 01 . 00 . 00 In the Entrie going into the Great Chamber. One great black leather chayer, and iii greene Duch chayers, a square table, cutt with eight corners 39 and a box in it, a perke table with a deske, covered with greene, standing on it ... ... 01 . 00 . 00 A walnutt tree cupbord to lay writings in, and the frame on which it stands ... ... ... 00 . 10 . 00 A cabinett with draw boxes standing in the other cupbord 00 . 10 . 00 Two glasse cupboards and a shelfe ... ... ... 00 . 06 . 08 Two bells, an iron to hold open the dore, an old map of the world, a lanthorne, glassed, at [the] staires head ... ... ... ... ... 00 . 05 . 00 At the stayer head a screene of deale bords and a dore 00 . 08 . 00 In the High Gallery beyond the Black and White Chamber. A halfe headed beds ted, covered with yellow cotton, old, one feather bed, on it one bolster, a payer of blanketts, a tapistrie coverlett, a pair of pillowes, a Darnix curten at the head, a matt 09 . 00 . 00 A close stoole and a pan, a chamber pott and an old Darnix curten ... 00 . 05 . 00 Another halfe headed beds ted, removed into the black and white chamber, with a tester, a featherbed; and iii pillowes, iii old strawmatts, a red rug coverlett, a white blankett, and a greene rug, an old taffata curten, worne ... 09 . 10 . 00 Two old greene curtens to part the chamber, with the curten rods 00 . 03 . 04 Three great trunks, old 00 . 10 . 00 A payer of andirons, a fier pan and tongs, bellows, and an iron at the back of the chimney ... 00 . 06 . 08 A forme of wainscott and an old greene chayer ... 00 . 02 . 00 A great black standard and two old side sadles ... 00 . 10 . 00 In the Black and White Gallery Chamber, A halfe headed bedsted, a course woll quilt, a feather bed and bolster, two finer woll quilts, a pair of woollen ( ? ) blanketts, a payer of downe pillowes, a purple taffata coverlett, lyned with fustian, a rug, old curtens of black and white saye with curten rods, an old tester of black and white stuff e 07 . 00 . 00 Two joyned stooles covered with black and white saye, a great chayer, two little stooles, fower longe cushions, black and white, and buckrome covers to them ... ... ... ... ... 02 . 18 . 06 The Ordinary Lynnen. Gentlemen's sheets marked CK. with 3 breadth one payer 00 . 12 . 00 Lockram sheets, 4 payer, one payer marked H H H MR, another payer marked 1 MR, the third 88 C thus MR, the fourth payer marked ... 03 . 00 . 00 40 Yeomans' sheets, xviii payer ... Of) . no . 00 An old payer of the porter's sheets, nothing worth... (><) . 00 . 00 The kitchin mayd's sheets, 2 payer, old and naught 00 . 03 . 04 Pillowbeeres of the finest sort, 3 payer, worne through, fine 00 , . 03 , . 04 Pillowbeeres of the courser sort, 4 payer 00 . 10 . 00 Board Lynnen. Six square clothes, 3 marked EK and three MR 04 . 05 . 00 Square clothes marked MD, came from St. Oseths / three ... ... ... ... .... 00 . 15 . 00 Old table clothes and cupbord clothes, 6, 4, 12, in all xxii, 2 of them with seams, much overworne ... 03 . 00 . 00 Hall bord clothes, course and old, most of them 2 yards and half e longe ... ... 04 . 00 . 00 Fower long hall bord clothes 01 . 00 . 00 Finer towels marked at the length, ten, some of them old .' 01 . 06 . 08 Hall towels with strings marked T, ten, old great cloth, torne 01 . 01 . 06 Dresser clothes, old, twelve ... ... ... ... 00 . 13 . 00 Pudding cloths 00 . 00 . 09 Awallett 00 . 01 . 04 The scrape trencher's aprons ... ... ... 00 . 00 . 00 A bucking cloth 00 . 02 . 06 Wipers for the pantrie, 3 dozen, 1 dozen of them good for nothing but dishclows ... ... 00 . 03 . 00 Wipers for the nurserye 00 . 00 . 06 Napkins. Lockram napkins marked MR, one dozen ... ... 00 . 10 . 00 Marked FK, 3 dozen and 11 01 . 10 . 00 Napkins, fine, marked MR, 3 dozen and viii ... 00 . 16 . 08 In the Best Coffer with drawers in the Nurserie. Two long clothes of diaper, 5 yards long, one square cloth, two yards, two towels, iiii yards and halfe longe. Napkins marked TD, ten. Two dozen of other napkins. Fowerteen napkins over- cast, eight napkins more ... 06 . 00 . 00 Long clothes of diaper, seven, and iiii cupbord clothes 05 . 00 . 00 Towels of diaper, five in all, one very longe... ... 02 . 00 . 00 Sheets, ii payer of fine Holland of 2 breadths and a halfe, and a payer of pillowbeeres, courser ... 04 . 00 . 00 One payer of sheets and a single sheet without a seame, another payer of three breadths in the payer, pillowbeeres as fine, two payer ... ... 05 . 00 . 00 More three payer and an odd pillowbeere ... ... 01 . 10 . 00 Pillowbeeres, fine and old, one payer ... ... 00 . 01 . 00 Ten old napkins for clouts 00 . 01 . 00 All theis several things lye in the top of the coffer. 41 08 . OG . 00 04 . 06 . 08 In the Highest Coffer of the same best Coffer. Two playne clothes, square, 2 yards and halfe longc 01 . 04 . 00 A dozen of napkins marked FR ... ... ... 00 . 14 . 00 One long cloth of very fine diaper, 5 yards longe and more. Two square clothes to the same, very fine. Two arme towels and a drinking napkin. Five long towels .. . A table cloth of 4 yards, stitched, one square cloth, two small clothes, a towelk 2 yards and halfe longe, all marked EK, except the to well which hath no marke ... All theis in the upper drawer. Napkins marked MC, old, xviii 00 . 06 . 00 Napkins marked X, very old, 3 dozen and 4 ... 00 . 03 . 04 Napkins marked R, 4 dozen and ii ... ... ... 01 . 04 . 00 Nakpins marked 40 iii dozen and 4 ... ... ... 00 . 13 . 04 Napkins marked 18, a dozen and halfe ... ... 00 . 09 . 00 Weights in the folding roome : a flatt lead weight with a handle above 401b., another flatt weight 771b., 2 of 561b. weight 00 . 18 . 08 Smoothing irons 2, two flasketts, a frame to hang lynnen on, a great presse to lay lynnen in with lock and key, a bin for fowle lynnen with lock and key, a wooden chayer, a great black standard, with lockes and keyes, a folding table, a forme, and a frame whereon the presse stands, and trifles ... ... ... ... 01 . 13 . 04 In the Apple Chamber. Hopps, about 201b. weight, in a bagg, a payer of scales, 2 basketts, a ... of iron, an old drying pott 00 . 17 . 00 In the Virginall Coffer in the Nurserye, whereof my Lady herself kept the keys. Nine payer of sheets, 6 payer of 3 breadths and 3 payer of two breadths and a halfe, pillowbeeres, six payer, five spitting sheets ... ... ... 18 Two imbrodered baggs ... ... ... ... 00 One taffaty bag and one of sarcenett ... ... 00 More vi other table clothes, not very good ... ... 00 Fower side bord clothes ... ... ... ... 00 A dozen and halfe of new diaper napkins ... ... 01 More a dozen of old napkins ... ... ... ... 00 More iii payer of old sheets, course and odd sheets, and two new hall bord clothes, and thirteene new wipers ... ... ... ... ... 01 . 08 . 00 A box, with laces and purles and such things not apprised. Two old fashioned beavers, the heads cut and the hatbands 00 . 05 . 00 19 . 00 13 . 04 02 . 06 06 . 08 16 . 00 06 . 00 01 . 00 42 A box with a payer of velvett pantables, and other odd ends 00 . 05 . 00 A box with gloves and pins 01 . 00 . 00 A brushing perke, a brasse pan and tacks for clothes in the wardrobe 00 . 10 . 00 To Note of the Pictures. The first Lord Darcie, his picture, at length, in a frame with a greene curteyne. The picture of Sir Thomas Kitson, my ladye's grandfather. Of Sir Thomas Kitson, my ladie's father. Of the Lady Kitson, her honor's mother. Of the Ladye Lumley. Of the Lady Penelope. Of Mistris Susan Darcie. Of Mr. Roger Manwood and Lady Mary his wife. Of old Mr. Pyrton, grandfather to Mr. William Pirton now living. Of "Mr. William Pyrton's father. Of old Sir William Woldegrave of Smalbridge. Of Sir John Raynsford. Two pictures of the Veres. Three naked pictures. In the Wett Larder. A great powdring tub with a cover for beefe, old, a brawne tub, fower sowce firkins, 2 old grease firkins, a keeler with a cover for neats tongues, 2 salting troughs for bacon, trayes 4, fower sowcing pans for fish, divers other pans of red earth, bowles, 1 whole and one broke, three wood platters, an old keepe with haire ( % ) for cold meate, a baskett, a tankerd, a broyler, a milke payle, and some trifles of no value ... 00 . 16 . 00 In the Backhowse. A great bolting coffer and iii old boulters, a soppar with a cover and things belonging to it, two meale cofers with locks and keyes, a boulting •: cupbord, two flower tubbs, two other old flower tubs, two keelers for a tub for barley, pork measares 4, 2 flower shovels, pye peeles of wood, iii bread old peeles, an iron peele, old sives, a kneading bord and a bord at the back, meale basketts, 6 old iron candlesticks, two shelfes, a bread brake and a planke under it, mincing bords and a knife, 2 iron oven lids, 2 of wood, old sacks 5, i weight of 51b., i 28 lb., [i] of 101b., one ii lb., one 41b., one 31b., one 21b., and a lb. weight, a payer of musterd quarres ( ? ) and stands, a mill ( ? ) shovell 03 . 00 . 00 43 In the Kitchen. Two great brasse potts and ii lesser, 2 brasse fish pans, a old copper kettle, bayling small pans or kettles iii, a narrow iron kettle, 2 iron potts, a brasse kettle to boyle fresh fish, another brasse kettle to wash dishes in, 8 skilletts small and great, 3 ladles of brasse, skimmers small and great 4, frying pans 3, three old gridirons ... 06 . 12 . 00 More in Susan Cooper's charge. Two great leads for water for fowles, six little troughs of lead 00 . 02 . 00 A little iron spade to make cleane the house, an oat boxe, shelfes in the stowring house, two sto wring keelers, an iron candlestick and other trifles 00 . 04 . 00 The Kitchin Wench. A rake and 2 shovells to make cleane the house ... 00 . 00 . 06 In the Great and Little Hall. A long table upon 3 feet 00 . 10 . 00 Two oister tables, two square tables, five formes, three joyne stooles, two chayers and an old livery bord 01 . 06 . 00 An iron to burne coales in a fier pan, a sifter for coales and an iron stirrer ... ... ... 00 . 12 . 00 The clock and ladder 00 . 15 . 00 A Dornix curten and rodds ... ... ... ... 00 . 03 . 00 Three formes, a table, a great old saddle chest, a liveriye bord, a chayer, a dresserbord ... ... 00 . 13 . 00 The ordinary Pewter in Susan Cooper's charge. Of the biggest sort ... ... ... ... iiii Of the second sort ... ... iiii Of the third sort ... ... ... ... iiii Of the fowerth sort ... ... iiii Of the 5th sort ... ... iiii Sawcers ... ... ... ... ... vi All marked MR. Chargers of the biggest sort ... ... ii Second sort ... ... ... ... ... iii Chargers with narrow verges with the unicorne ... ... ... ... ... ii Biggest mutton dishes with the unicorne . . . iiii Mutton poridge dishes with the unicorne, 3 with MR xii One single dishe, with a unicorne ... ... i A lesser sort with the unicorne ... ... iiii Another sort lesse ... ... ii A lesser sort ... ... ... ... ... xi Another sort ... ... ... ... ... iiii -14 Flatt butter dishes viii Lest of all ... ... ... ... ... v Pye plates of the greater sort ... ... ii Second sort ... ... ... ... ... ii Third sort ii Dishes to dreine fish iiii Saucers ..." ... viii Poringers ... ... ... ... ... vi Spoones ... ... ... ... ... xii Cullinders ... ... ... ... ... iii All the pewter in Susan Cooper's charge weigheth eight stone and six pounds which at 9d. the pound amounteth to . . . vi/. iiiis. vid. Besides Elizabeth Reyner had 53lbs. weight for 40s. given her in pewter by my ladye. [Pewter in Elizabeth Rayner's charge.] Porringers with eares iii Porringers old ones ... ... ... ... iii Porringers great ones ... ... ... ii Two candlesticks made like men ... ... 10s. A bason of ewer ... ... ... ... i Sallett dishes, kept in the closett, with an unicorne and an R ... ... ... viii Lesser ones marked with an unicorne ... vi Great chargers, 2 marked FSB and one marked with a unicorne ... ... ... iii Small plates lay in the closett ii Pewter basons out of the closett ... ... iii A pewter tonnell ... ... i An old bason and a chamber pott out of my ladye's chamber ... ... ... ... 2 Pewter dishes, silver fashion, of 7 sorts, 2 of each sort ... ... ... xiiii Stue pans with covers ii A great bason... ... ... ... ... i Pewter pints ... ... ii Half e pints, with covers ... ... ... ii Drinking potts for sick people ... ... iii 4 brasse boylers, 2 to preserve in and 2 brasse ladles ... 9s. A pewter candle pott ... ... ... i Sawcers with armes and TDM ... ... xii 2 broad sawcers, TDM and armes ... ... ii A little old bason and an old porringer ... ii A pewter pasty pye plate ... ... ... i A pewter ladle with a wooden steale ... 2d. All the pewter in Elizabeth Reyner's custodye amounted in weight to fowerten score pounds apprised at nine- pence per pound comes to ... ... 10 . 10 . 00 [Continuation of the contents of the Kitchen.] Two iron potts and a ladder ... ... ... ... 00 . 04 . 06 Eight skillets (?), most of them worne and old ... 00 . 10 . 00 45 Three still and a brass chaffer ... ... ... 01 . 00 . 00 Spitts great and small vii, irons to set before the fier 3, iron racks one great and one small, too iron dripping pans, pothooks, 3 payer, brass covers 5, irons to set dishes on 6, a beefe forke, a drawing hooke for capons, a little slice, a brasse chafer, 4 trammels, two iron hookes, irons with ribs to hold up the seacole fier in all iii, an iron sifter, an iron forke to hang up the trammels, a fier pan and tongs, a stirrer, an old payer of belowes, a choping knife, a chopping bord for herbs, a little oatmeale barrel, 2 salt boxes, a salt tub, old tubs and keelers, old shelves, 3 dresser bords and trifles of no value 02 . 16 . 00 In the Sellar. 5 beerstalls, keelers 3, two towells, 2 tilters, broken, a gimlett, a trough, two great stone jugs and a little one, two old lether jacks, old rundletts and a caske of little worth ... ... ... 01 . 00 . 00 Ten old hogsheads 01 . 00 . 00 In the Millhouse. The mill and stones with the appertinences... ... 01 . 10 . 00 In another little house a little copper and old lumber 00 . 13 . 04 Three shotes 01 . 03 . 04 2 hogstroues and 2 swiltubs 00 . 03 . 00 In the Stillhouses. A presse, and divers earthen dishes, candlesticks and other trifles 00 . 13 . 04 Three great tables on tressles, a dresser bord, wooden windowes, a coope, two binnes, and a trunke, three wood trayes, 2 wooden dishes and some wooden platters ... ... ... ... 01 . 02 . 06 A great butter cupboard, 2 egge basketts, another cupbord to keepe pewter in, another playne small old cupbord, two other old cupbords and a keepe 01 . 03 . 00 All in the little still house and old. A smooth bord to raise past upon, a wooden chayer and divers old shelves and other trifles ... 00 . 07 . 00 A leaden bowle with a candlestick in it ... ... 00 . 02 . 06 Three greene dishes for strawberyes, a bread grate and some small trifles ... ... ... ... 00 . 02 . 00 In pewter in Elizabeth Reyner's charge. Chargers with broad verges ... ... iii Great platters of the best sort with armes... vi Of a second sort ... ... ... ... vi 4G Of a third sort ... Of a 4th sort ... ... ... All marked TDM Another sort Another sort, marked with armes and an M, great dishes... A second sort with armes and a D ... A third sort marked as before A 4th sort so marked .. . Sallett dishes so marked Saucers marked with a unicorne Sand dishes, 1 of them melted Pye plates of the biggest sort with armes and TDM Pye plates of the same sort marked MR Pye plates of a third sort, one with armes and 2 MR Pye plates of a 4th sort, 2 with armes and 2 TDM Pye plates of the best sort, 2 with armes and TDM the other with TD In the mayds* chamber. Three halfe-headed bedsteds, 2 feather beds, a flockbed, 2 feather bolsters, 2 flock bolsters, a tapistry coverlett, 2 other old coverletts, 3 payers of old blanketts ... 06 : 00 : 00 An old Dornix curteyne and a canvas one with rods and shelves 00 : 05 : 00 In the pantrie. A broad bin with iii roomes, with 2 locks and a key, two chopping knives, a file for manchelt, two great knives to scrape trenchers, twelve oister knives, a case with vi knives, a payer of taylor's sheeres, a candle cupbord, a bord on 2 tressles, a bord with a staye to the window, a whetting bord, a whetstone, a presse with a drawer and a bord to press lynnen, a wayn- scott box to set salt in, with a pan in it for salt, a basket, a table baskett, a basket with par- titions for glasses, a basket for bread and basket for candlesticks, a case with voyding knives of wood, two voyders, two lesser voyders, a salt with a cover for the hall, an old bell salt, a box for candle-ends, 2 joyned stooles, a board for oisters, a perke to hang lynnen on, a box for cards with lock and key, f ower white potts, a box to lay lynnen in, a white stone salt, an extinguisher, six pewter candle- sticks, one brasse candlestick, and xx pewter candlesticks, two old pewter basons and an v v iiii iiii iiii iiii vi vi vi ii ii iii iiii iii 47 ewer, round trenchers iii dozen, square trenchers 2 dozen, a case with thin trenchers to cover glasses, eight old shelves ... ... 02 : 15 : 00 A wood cofer with drawers at the beds feete ... 00 : 15 : 00 A fierpan and tongs, bellowes, and andirons, a little chafing dish upon an iron at the chimneys back, a pott, a looking glasse, a little bell, 5 little shelves, a slice and a ladle, and an iron to hang a sheete before the fier ... ... ... 00 : 10 : 00 A box with 30 silver compters ... ... ... 00 : 15 : 00 A box with a set of brasse compters ... ... 00 : 01 : 00 A little bedsted, a straw matt, a little bed and 2 bolsters with 2 blanketts, a greene coverlett and 2 bed staffs (?) and an old red blankett 01 : 06 : 08 A little trundle bedsted and a matt and line ( ? ), and a painted box where comfits laye, a payer of curling irons 00 : 05 : 00 The old hangings about the chamber ... ... 03 : 00 : 00 A little cupbord with boxes 00 : 02 : 00 In the close- stoole chamber. A greene close stoole and a bason to cover it and iii basons to putt in it, a shoo cupbord, 2 shelves, and old shooes in the cubpord ... ... ... 00 : 08 : 00 In the cofer chamber. A great presse, a broad box, a flatt lether box, an old standerd, two old trunkes, 3 flatt band- boxes, lether, 1 broad square box, a high round lether box, another box where hatts lye, and another long leather box with a lock and key, 16 other old little boxes 02 : 00 : 00 In Mary Tendrincfs chamber. A halfe-headed bedsted, a fetherbed, a bolster, a pillow, 2 old blanketts, 2 old coverletts, a straw bolster, a warming pan, an old trunke, two old chayers and a shelf e ... ... ... 01 : 16 : 00 A wafer-iron, old small trivetts, and a little payer of racks 00 : 03 : 04 An iron for a chimney back ... ... ... ... 00 : 01 : 06 A cup with 3 feet, gilt, a porrenger, and 8 oveies of china earth, eleven glasses with feet and xii plates of glasse, some broken, two glasse bottles and 2 little juggs 00 : 10 : 00 In the entry going into my ladyes chamber a spice cupbord and a sugar box : 06 : 08 In my lady J s chamber. A high bedsted and 5 curtens of greene cotton, a great coverlett, two low stooles, a footstoole, iiii carpetts, a false tester, all of a suit, a carpet 48 upon a cofer, a grogram cushion, a straw mat, a featherbed and ii bolsters, two woll beds, a payer of blanketts, 3 downe pillowes, a greene cotton 2 yards in length, a high stoole and a travers of 5 breadths suitable to the bed, an old coverlett 18 : 00 : 00 Old window curtens 2, an old little footstoole covered with embrodery, old carpets on the little table and cupbord, a round table, a lesser table by the fier side, one glasse cupbord nailed to the wall, 2 small chayers, a high joyned stoole, a cupbord for her honour's nightlynnen, a little box with a drawer, a joyned stoole with a little old baskett on it ... 00 : 14 : 00 Fower footstooles, a forme covered with rushes, a wainscott before the fier, a wainscott to slide before the window, a red chayer, ii little old cushions, six other old cushions ... ... 00 : 13 : 04 An old coffer where the common purse laye ... 00 : 03 : 04 A long tapistry cushion, a bedstoole covered with greene, 5 other bedpans, a little red trunk, a quill standish ( ? ), a wainscott standish, a box for silke, another for thrid, a caskett, a little trunke, black, a glove box, a feather box, a firre box, two little cupbords for glasses with curteynes, a black leather and a velvett cabinet, a black standerd by the bedside, a red standerd with 2 partitions and a frame whereon it stands, a black stone morter in the window, 2 little downe pillowes, 2 low chayers for the nurses ( ? ), a seller for glasses and some small bone boxes 00 : 06 : 08 A ladder, a close stoole with ii pans and two pewter chamber potts 00 : 06 : 08 A cofer for fruit 00 : 01 : 06 A deale wainscott, greene ... ... ... ... 00 : 12 : 00 In the closett. White pans of earth, 8, white earth saucers, 17, wooden dishes, earthen basons, 2, fruit pans of earth, 5, white nooked saucers, 6, earth basens with feete 2, earth butter dishes, 2, a little bason and ewer ... ... ... ... ... 00 : 10 : 00 Divers potts and pans of ordinary earth ... ... 00 : 02 : 00 An oatmeal tub, wood trayes, 4, a brasse morter ( ? ) and a cover of wood, potlids, 4, wood platters, 2, sives, great and small, old, 10, old ridlers 2, and an old baskett and sallett barrells ... 00 : 16 : 08 3 old chayers, little old glas, 2 shelves, boxes 12, nests of boxes, 3 01 : 00 : 00 A payer of brasse scales, a livery bord, 3 little tables 1 greater and two lessor cupbords ... ... 01 : 05 : 00 10 A barrell of about half a 100 weight of powderfd] sago 01 : 13 : 04 Small brass chafing dish, dishes for sweetmeats 8, with a case black and guilt, another red and guilt with its , trenchers 9 dozen, and 6 boxes of small red trenchers, a payer of bcllowes and a small fierpan and tongs... 01 : 06 : 08 In the nurserie. A greene rug to putt about my ladye's knees when shee rode in the coach ... ... ... ... 00 : 01 : 06 A great black leather chayer, a red old velvet chayer, an old red leather chayer ... ... 00 : 06 : 00 Five old cushion stooles of Turkey worke, three joyned stooles, a square table and frame ... 01 : 00 : 00 Two old overworne curtens of Dornix, a virginall box with lock and keys, a little black trunke, a cof er with lock and key ... ... ... 00 : 04 : 00 Two narrow wainscot fc presses with locks and keyes, a playne little presse of deale bords ... ... 00 : 12 : 00 One high cupbord over the mantle-tree to sett glasses in, two sellers for glassers ... ... 00 : 10 : 00 A lower glasse, a broad grate, a little salt of pewter, a pepper box, two low stooles, snuffers, tier pan and tongs, bellowes, a payer of cobirons ... 00 : 06 : 00 Five little boxes and a wood morter, a stone morter, a marble morter, a brasse pan to put fierin 00 : 11 : 00 7 or 8 old chayers, shelves, a warming pan, two wood boxes with iiii holes for sugar, a little pewter bason, a cake box, and 2 little foot- stooles of deale bords 00 : 10 : 00 Two old worne cushions, a great black standerd, a greene carpett ... ... ... ... 00 : 07 : 00 A cabinett with drawers for lynnen with iiii locks andkeyes 02 : 00 : 00 In the daye chamber. A bedsted, a matt, fetherbed, bolster, a payer of blanketts, an old coverlett ... ... ... 01 : 10 : 00 An old table and shelves, an iron preserving pan, two baking pans and a cover ... ... ... 00 : 12 : 00 In the parlor under Mr. Wilbye's chamber. A trundle bedsted and a flock bed, a halfe headed bedsted, small feather bed and bolster, a straw bolster, a payer of blanketts, a yarne coverlett, a little old table 02 : 05 : 00 In the chamber where William Payne used to lye. A halfe-headed bedsted, a fetherbed, an old flock- bed, a fether bolster, a flock bolster, a downe 50 pillow, a payer of white blauketts, a red \ coverlett, a cliayer and a shelfe ... ... 02 : 10 : 00 In the chamber where James Stowers laye. A halfe headed bedsted, a matt, a featherbed, a feather bolster, a straw bolster, a payer of old blanketts and an old coverlett ... 01 : 10 : 00 In the stable chamber. A livery bedsted, a matt, a fetherbed and bolster, a straw bolster, a flock bolster, a red coverlett and an old trunke ... 02 : 00 : 00 In the chamber within it. A halfe-headed bedsted, a fetherbed and bolster, a payer of blanketts, white, and a red blankett 01 : 15 : 00 In and about the coach-house and stables. The coach, being old, an old canvas cover with the bed seats and other things belonging to it ... 06 : 13 : 04 Harnesse for ii horses, with peeces of old broken reynes, bitts and bridles, an old yallow saddle, two oat-hutches with locks and keyes, and other trifles of little or no worth ... ... 01 : 10 : 00 4 partitions, the racks and mangers ... ... 01 : 00 : 00 In a cofer by my ladyes bedside. Two cushion clothes, one with silver lace and wrought with black silke, and a payer of pillow beeres wrought with black silk and a square cushion cloth wrought round with black silkes 06 : 00 : 00 Fower quaifes and forhead clothes and two quaifes wrought with silke and gold ... ... ... 01 : 10 : 00 A scarf e of greene silke with gold lace and em- broderye, another scarfe of black silke, and silver and two black scarries 02 : 00 : 00 Three girdles embrothe red with gold ... ... 02 : 00 : 00 Fower crests of the unicorne imbrothered with gold 00 : 10 : 00 Two purses, 1 silke and silver, another silk and gold 01 : 00 : 00 A . . . wrought with meremayds, with a gold edging lace 00 : 10 : 00 A ... of silver ribband, part of it edged with gold lace, with divers parcells of black ribband, edged with silver lace, and other trifles in the box 01 : 00 : 00 Two peeces of sattin ribband and a little cabinett to put in one's pockett, of greene velvett with silver about it 00 : 05 : 00 A bracelet of pomander ... ... ... ... 00 : 12 : 00 A little box with feathers, 4 black feathers, 3 coloured feathers, five feather fanns, 3 black and 2 coloured, and 2 other fanns ... ... 01 : 00 : 00 In a drawer at the bottom of the coffer, black and white hoods, scarries and trifles 02 : 00 : 00 53 In the coffer with drawers at my ladye's bed's feet. Handkerchifes, 9 playne and 2 laces for pockets, and in a drawer peeces of ribband, knotts and trifles, in another drawer a cap of furr, 2 purses wrought with silver and gold, one of them not made up, an ash coloured hood edged with silver lace, in another drawer old ends of little or no value, three payer of ... , and an old one 09 : 00 : 00 In the chamber called JoeTs chamber and the entry going to the leads. A brushing table and cloth, and two sumpter trunks and a sumpter sadle ... ... ... ... 00 : 12 : 00 A halfe-headed bedsted, a fetherbed and bolster, a payer of old blanketts, a pewter pott, an old co verlett of list and old trash ... ... ... 02 : 10 : 00 In the Parlor under the fainted chamber. A bolster marked t m , an old downe pillow, a straw matt, a featherbed and bolster, a large trundle- bed, a table with a frame of girths, an old window curten of rodds, a wooden chayer with iiifeete 02 : 00 : 00 All the other things in the parlor given to Mary Tendring. Sarah Grimston to her father-in-law, Sir Harbottle GRIMSTON, at GORHAMBURY. 1656, April 5th. — " I return you my humble thanks for that trouble the looking out of my divinity books put you to ; and when I sent you down the catalogue of those books which I had taken notice of more than others, I knew my husband had lent out to some of his friends, both in the country and here in the city, several books, which whether they were Latin or English I could not tell, and therefore writ them down at the venture. I am sure they were friends my husband loved well that he lent them to ; therefore I desire you would please not to demand them back for me. And having heard of Bishop Davenant's Analysis in English upon the Ten Commandments you may easily attribute it to my un- acquaintedness with his works, if I thought that treatise might be the same mentioned in my husband's catalogue. Sir, as to that money you are pleased to declare your intention to order Mr. Lowe to pay me the next term, as I have no title to it but from your love and free promise, so, as it becomes me, I shall thankfully receive it, without remembering what the blacks ( ? ) came to. I have not heard from Mr. Tudway nor any of my tenants since Mr. Lowe was with me, and therefore do desire that Mr. Lowe, when he goes there, would quicken them for the sooner payments of me, and especially Baker, who hath failed me both of his rent and of the shipwrecks due to me." 52 Sarah Grimston to Sir Harbottle Grimston, at GORHAMBURY. 1656, May 14. — Thanks him for the 100L he has given her for ' mournings." As for the vault under Verulam House, " I am willing there should be made a convenience for the water, but for the repairs of the house, to which Mr. Bigg was bound, if he be of so sordid a spirit as to deny the repairing of a house which he lived in above three years, rent free, surely it is but just if he be forced to do that which, were he of a generous disposition, he would scorn to decline." Sarah Grimston to Sir Harbottle Grimston, at GORHAMBURY. 1656, May 21. — " As for the valt to carry away the water from Verulam House, the charges of it will bee far greater than I con- ceived it to bee. I am sure a much les expence, by the emptying of it, would keepe the house from receiving any prejudise for the time of my life in it, and the advantage of this new valte will be to you and your heires ; and my father thinks it very much that I should be required to it, which will advance nothing the rent, and I haveing no other then an estate for life, and the inheritance to you and your heires, yet (you doeing what you mention in your letter, and allso upon condition that I bee at no charge for the puting of Verulam House in good repaire, which you promised my father in your letter dated the 25th of February, that if Mr. Bigg should reefuse to enter into bond to stand to the award of sume indiferent person you should both pitch upon, then you would, in Easter terme which is now past, give order to put his covenants in suite), I shall be content to beare the 18 pounds which you designed me as my part ; for I am sure ther is no reason that I should bee charged with the repaires of that house, from which I have received no profitt, and for the leaving of which in good repaire you bound Mr. Bigg. And if your many imployments will not give you the leasure to deale with Mr. Bigg, if you shall pleas, by my servant the bearer hereof, to send me up his lease, I shall take here that order with him which you intended, and with it, that you would pleas to send up all my other leases, save those two which Mr. Lowe is to make new ones by." Sarah Grimston to Sir Harbottle Grimston. 1656, May 29. — " I received by my servant your letter with those leases that I desired as to Verulam House. I perceive by my man it is so much out of repair as that I may question whether Mr. Bigg found it in that condition which may bar him from pleading that those slight repaires hee hath bin at, have bin sufficient to keep the house in as good a case as it was when hee entred into it ; and understanding by your letter with what disadvantage you apprehend a sute would be prosecuted in your name against him, hee being intresed (sic) in these times, I am very willing rather to forbear it than to doe anythinge for my own gain which may be 53 to your prejudice. But yet I thinke it very hard that I should bee required both to put the house in repair and keep it so, when, should it bee refered to indifferent persons, nothing would bee injoyned me more than to take care that it fall not into a worse condition then I found it ; for the estate being to returne, after my death, to you and your heires, ther is not the same reason for my doing that now, which I should most willingly have done, had God spared to me my son, who after my life should have received it, as now my brother Samuel is to do. As for the vault, it may lay open as it dooth for the present, and ere long I shall take care for the emptying of it, or, if that cannot be done, I shall be content that what part of the 18 pounds you designed me for that work shall be left, after the repaire of Verulam House, go towards the makeing of the vault. For the paleing that you mentioned to be necessary, I am willing it should be done, according as you expressed in your letter." Sarah Grimston to Sir Harbottle Grimston. 1656, June 12. — As to Verulam House I shall do what is necessary to be done to it, which you may judge to be little more than some tiling about the outhousing ; and for the vault, I am content to be at the third part of the charge which, by your agreement with the workmen, appears will be ten pounds, if you think fit to bestow timber ready fitted upon it. That I think Verulam House worth the keeping in repair, my willingness to do what you think to be necessary and to bear my part for making the vault, will prove ; and although I have no use of it for the present, yet because it was one of those provisions, made for me upon my marriage to my most dear husband, I shall keep it in memory of him. And it is also some content to me that I have a house to go to when either my mind or my condition shall require me." Sarah Grimston to Sir Harbottle Grimston. 1656, August 14. — " The character you give of Mr. Bigg is, I believe, but answerable to his deserts, which gives me little reason to hope that he will do anything to the repair of Verulam House, as is desired. Should he bafhl and refuse to refer it, yet I shall, for those reasons you formerly mentioned, forbear using extremity with him, and shall myself, as to the repairs thereof, doe what is fit by me to be done. I have sent down a workman to view the house, and shall accordingly give order for the doing of it." Sir Harbottle Grimston to Alban Cox. 1656, December 11. Gorhambury. — "My harte is with you> though not my selfe : to visite now were to trouble, not to ease. I know you cannot at present but bee a man of sorrows. I have 51 troden in the same steppes, and it is some ease in sorrow to have liberty to sorrow. God hath now put you upon your tryall, wheither, with Abraham, you can be contented to part with a deare and a hopefull childe, as he was with the sonne of his blessinge. I confesse it is one of the greatest tryalls, but consider it is voluntas Dei, and therefore submission therein is better than sacrifize. It is the portion of the saynts to sufferr much here because they must enjoy soe much hereafter. Let that be your quietus est, to knowe where hee is, and that theither you are travel- linge, though, with Eljah, it bee in a fiery chariott. Vale in Christo." Signed — Seal of Arms. Monument in Culford Church. 1657, August 26. — Articles agreed upon between Thomas Stanton, of the parish of St. Andrew, Holborn, free-mason, and Dame Jane Bacon, of Culford Hall, Suffolk, widow. Stanton undertakes before the first of August following to " well and artificially make, cut out, and carve, according to the best skill of a stone cutter, alle in whit and blacke marble, and touch fine policht, without the addition of any other ston whatsoever, one monument and tombe for the sayd Dame Jane, to be of the height of tenn foote from toppe to bottom, and in bredth seaven foote and an halfe over, as it is nowe drawne and depicted in a paper drafte demonstrating the same, to which the sayd Dame Jane, for avoyding mistakes, hath sett to hir hand, with such alterations onely as were agreed one before the makinge of these articles, and shall also erect, build, and according to arte, sett up and finish the same in the parish church of Culford aforsayd, at or before the sayd first day of August, whole safe and unde- faced, the sayd Dame Jane onely fetching the several peeces and meterialls thereof from Ipswich and delivering of it att the same church, and alloweing bricke and morter for the doweing therof. " Item the sayd Dame Jane, for hirselfe, hir executors and ad- ministrators, doth covenant, and by these presents grant to and with the sayd Thomas Stanton, his executors and administrators, that from and after the feast day of the birth of Our Lord God, next ensueing, upon reasonable demand, she, the said Dame Jane, hir executors or administrators, shall pay unto the said Thomas, his executors or administrators, the full summe of one hundred pounds of lawefull money towards the goeing on with the makeing of the sayd monument, and that immediately upon the perfecting and finishing of the sayd tombe in the church aforesayd, and compareing the draft with the monument aforesayd, and agreeing with the same in every particular according to the true instruction therof, other two hundred pounds of like money, she, the said Dame Jane not beinge putt unto any other or more costs or charges about the worke aforesayd then before in these articles are sett forth. In witness wherof the sayd parties to these presents inter- changably have sett there hands and seales the day and yeare first above written." 55 Nathan Donbavand to [Peter Heylyn]. 1G58, September 29. Hartwell, Bucks. — " What multitudes of bookes this soe pregnant age hath delivered into the world, all men see, and the most judicious labour with sorrowe in consideration thereof. Amongst them I finde one without any knowne father or midwife to give it either a being or a birth, onely some more charitable godfather had given it a name and called it " A short viewe of the Life and Raigne of King Charles, the second monarle of Great Brittaine, from his Birth to his Buriall" yet some freinds have assured mee that non but yourselfe can bee owned as its legitimate and undoubted father ; and the weightinesse of the matter composed with so much brevity, drawn with soe much clearnesse, easily persuades mee that non could have taken the pen or pencil and formed the lines except yourselfe, whose elabo- rate works speake you to be that which your modesty (I know) desires not to heare from mee. " Having perused the booke (I acknowledg), there is nothing unworthy of yourselfe, one onely passage therein excepted, which relating unto the late reverend judge, Sir George Crooke, hath given a just offence to all that are either honourers of, or inquisitive after, naked truth. This honourable person you accuse (p. 71) as one dissenting openly from that opinion to which he had formerly subscribed, than which nothing could have bin published more effectually to cloud the reputation of that judge upon whom his majesty did constantly cast the beames of his royal! favours, and thereby made him glorious in the hearts and affections of his fellow subjects ; and if you peruse his life and death, drawn with an able and knowing hand, you'le easily bee convinced that this reverend judge both lived and dyed honourable in the apprehensions of his prince ; and therefore, should that accusation bee true, it darkens the brightnesse of his princely wisdome whom as a man, as a christian, as a prince and as a saint, you represent and most beleive to bee all-glorious ; the constancy of whose pious judgment would never have com- mended an eccbolicus, nor the stability of his royall prudence soe much favoured (a weather-cocke especially) a judge of so in- constant and unfixed a judgment. " Sir, rather then I will in the least manner ecclips the glory of that royall sunne A pardon me if I say the light, whereby you writt this particular passage, was a very false light, handed unto you by some either prejudiced or envious persons who, by the bleeding veines of this honourable judge's reputation, would suck blood and (as one saith) put colour into their owne cheekes thereby. Though the estimate and love of his royall Majesty bee demonstration enough (had you observed it) to have vindicated the judge from such an inconsiderate action, yet, having made a more strict inquisition, I am confident that in this particular you laboured under a most grosse and palpable mistake, almost inconsistant with so generally an acquainted historian ; and that the judge never assented unto that which he openly after denyed, I am able to prove (viva voce) by those that 66 were spectators of, and intimatly acquainted with the whole transaction of that business. 11 Sir, if to disquiet the cold ashes of the dead bee an unmanly temper, then surely to blast their reputation (whereby the dead onely survive themselves) may well be called an ingrateful, odious kinde of cruelty, and if you will beleive me, the friends of this honourable judge, whose honour and reputation you have endeavoured to bury and blast, either expect that recantation, upon the better and well grounded information, or resolve openly to publish your selfe no faire historiographer ; which, the way of your studies being considered, will be no small reflection to yourself e and former works. For if you bee knowne to miscarry in the relation of things but of yesterday, will it not lessen men's belief of the historicall passages that bare a more antient date. " Sir, I should much more wonder at your error therein, had I not observed that Polydore Vergil, Robert (?) Foxe, Walsham [Thomas Walsingham ?], and many other great historians, not verst in law, antiquities or legal proceeding, have unworthily abused both themselves and their readers with false and ground - lesse relation, and it may bee the not thorough acquaintance with the proceedings of judges gave the occasion to this your ground- less relation ; and therefore 'tis the grave advice of that great lawyer to beware of chronicle law or legall proceedings reported in our annals. " What judges doe as judges appears upon (most unquestionable records), and is not either to bee trusted with the ignorance of the hearer or committed unto the slippery memory of the reporter, and the slander of a judge in point of his judgment (bee it true or false), our lawyers will informe you can bee nowayes justifiable; but to render a judge who was honorable both in his life and death, even after both, to be the subject thereof, is a crime of a trans- cendent nature, and if our law inflicts no punishment (bee you confident), the reason is the same with that of the Romans who for (I thinke) six hundred yeares had no law against parricide because they thought there could bee non of so barbarous and cruell a nature to attempt [it] ; and therefore I stand amazed that you, whose principles, learning and parts, so universally knowne and admired, should run into an error of that nature. "Sir, it is from the respect and honour which I beare unto yourselfe and your reputation that these lines are represented unto you, which, if received with the candor and consideration in which they are sent, I doubt not but you will acknowledge yourselfe in some measure thankfull to him who in the admiration of your great universal abilities can delight to subscribe himselfe," etc. Endorsed: — "Mr. Dunbavant's letter touching ye Doctor Heylyn's aspersion of Judge Croke and the Doctor's answer." An Inventory. 1659, June 28. — Inventory of the hangings, carpets, pictures, etc. in Culford Hall, late of Dame Jane Bacon of Culford, one part being in the custody of Nicholas Bacon, Esq., signed, etc., by Sir Harbottle Grimston and other executors of 57 Dame Jane's will, and the other part signed, etc., by the said Nicholas Bacon ; all which hangings, carpets, pictures, etc., are not to be removed but " remain as heirlooms" in the said house." Commences " The chief chamber, one suit of hangings con- taining five pieces, four of Arras and one of tapestry work over the chimney." Usher of the Court of Chancery. 1660[-1]. January 12. — Agreement between Sir Harbottle Grimston, bart., Master of the Rolls, and Joseph Heme of Lin- coln's Inn, esquire : — Recites that John, Lord Culpepper, late Master of the Rolls, had appointed the said Joseph Heme to be usher of the Court of Chancery, and that all sums of money brought into the said court by virtue of any order of that court had been at all times paid into the hands of the usher of that court, and that the sums of money specified in a schedule annexed were, by several orders of the said court, brought therein and remained in the hands of the said Joseph. It is agreed by the said Joseph that he will pay all such sums of money to such persons as it shall be ordered by the said court ; that he will pay any sums which shall in future be brought into court to such persons as the court shall decree to receive them ; and that he, his heirs, executors or assigns, will, within the space of twenty days after the end of every term of Hilary and Michaelmas, bring in a true and perfect list and particular of all sums of money remaining in court, or which have been paid out. The Schedule : — Edwards and Blechenden, 100?. Ellis and Whiting, 50?. Merchant and Wigan, 17?. Moore and Slocombe, 18Z. Norwood and Barnes, 33?. Powell and Guibon, 30?. Roberts and Cole, 6?. Rawson and Farrington, 11. 10s. Waterman, Wayte, and Paine, 60?. Smith and Badger, 1?. Carry er and Carry er, 180?. Clagett and Larest, 52?. Pagett and Gouldsmith, 30?. Panton and Mardan, 4?. Parrott and Austin, 25?. Boney and Hadnett, 8?. Total ... 621?. 10s. Od. Gift to the King from Colchester. 1661, July, 15. — Receipt for 200?. received of Sir Harbottle Grimston, one of the burgesses for Colchester "as a free and voluntary gift to his Majesty." 58 William Prynne to Sir Harbottle Grimston, Master of the Bolls, " at Verulam." 16G1, September 9. Lincoln's Inn.—" The opportunity of this bearer gives me occasion to inform your honour that, whilst you are sucking in the fresh country air, I have been almost choked with the dust of neglected records (interred in their own rubbish for sundry years) in the White Tower, their rust eating out the tops of my gloves with their touch, and their dust rendering me, twice a day, as black as a chimney sweeper. I have at last tumbled them all over and distributed them into sundry indegested heaps, which I intend, God willing, to reduce into order by degrees. " I have discovered about 94 severall parcels of parliament writs sommons broken and scattered asunder from each other, which I have reduced into bundles, and filed in an alphabeticall maner according to the counties, wherein are sundry rareties. I have likewise as many bundels of procurations of the clergy, and bills in parliament (of which there was [not] much known or extant before)., and as many, or more, bundles of petitions, and other writts and records relating to parliament, whereof there were no memorials in the office before. " Besides these there are sundry plea rolls, essoyne rolls, and insorted bundels of originell and judicial writs in all the courts of Westminster, which I have thrown together. Many hundreds of bills, answers, replications and proceedings and pleas in chancery in English and Latin in the raynes of Richard II, Henry IV, V, and VI, and Edward IV, (thought to be lost) ; many treatises with furregn kings and cortes ; many originall popes' bulls, some under leaden seales, and other rarities, which I have raised from the grave of oblivion. " The work was so filthy and unpleasant that Mr. Riley and others would not soil their hands or clothes, nor indanger their healths to assist me in it. " Having dispatched the difficultest and filthiest part thereof, and severed all these neglected records into heapes till I can particularly peruse them, I am now resolved to tak the ayre of my aine cuntry (where I have not been these 2 years) for 3 weekes space, and then resolve to proceed with the cleansing of my augean stable and reducing the records into order. If your honour please to order your clerks of the rolls to file the writs of parliament and their returnes into an alphabeticall manner according to the counties, and to mak a kalender to them this vacation (they being not a quarter so many as I have handled and digested into order in 3 weekes space) it wilbe a useful work and the best means to preserve them, they now lying in confused heapes, and the clarkes and others being enforced to search over the whole bundle for every particular indenture and return the clarks inquire or search after. " I intend, God willing, on Thursday morning next, to tak coach for the cuntry, and, if I live till the terme, shall give you a further account of my proceedings in the premises." 59 E. Layfield, incumbent of Colne Wake, to Sir Harbottle Grimston, at the Rolls. 1661-2, February 18. Colne Wake. — A great storm has wrecked this parsonage house, barn, and the chancel of the church. " I desire not ought out of your purse, but my humble suit is that, when any donation of charity in the city (whereof there is a yearly plenty) falls so within your knowledge or cognizance, that one smile or word of your mouth can direct the streams thereof to run in what channel you please, you will, as the noble patron, not be unmindful to accommodate the present and so the future incum- bent, and engage both as a benefactor. Mariners in a storm catch at any plank whereon they may swim on shore and save them- selves from drowning, the consideration whereof may assure me of a candid interpretation of this either presumption or inter- ruption." William Prynne's Appointment as Keeper of the Records. 1665, May 6. Whitehall. — Warrant, signed by the King, to Sir Harbottle Grimston, Master of the Rolls, directing him to grant to William Prynne, of Lincoln's Inn, the office of clerk or keeper of our rolls or records within the Tower of London, and the custody of our Tower chamber house and place where the said rolls and records used to lie ; to hold the said office for term of life, in as ample a manner as the late Master of the Rolls granted it to John Burroughs and Nicholas Parker. The Earl of Clarendon, Lord Chancellor, to Sir Harbottle Grimston. [1666], January 15. Oxford.—" Dear Master of the Roles, What shall wee say of this miserable contagion ? Are wee alwayes to be seperated and never meete agayne ? I sweare'I am at my witt's end, as well upon the consideration of private interests as upon a prospecte to the publique. I had not the least appre- hension of puttinge off the tearme to any other place, and I am still in my owne private judgement cleere that those few dayes, which [we] are to holde, might very well have bene at London ; but it is so nice an argument that, when the safety of the Kinge seems to be most consulted by the most cautious councells, a man knoweth not how to differ from them. " The King forsees that if our hopes be taken away of a totall suppression of the sicknesse, so that wee are not like to stay longe when wee goe thither, it will be then necessary for his Majesty to repayre thither, or very neere it, for a month, to provyde for the better ordringe his affayres, and you will easily believe that the Generall going to sea, ther will be an importante post to be provyded for, with reference to the Citty of London ; and this is the reason that the Kinge (believinge the tearme at London would contribute to the propagation of the sicknesse) chooses to adjourne it to Windsor, knowinge that it will be but 60 a morning's work to bringe it backe to London ; but then if we could foresee that would be the case, wee should have reserved the businesses to be hearde as they are sett downe. Whcras because wee cannot presume upon that, the old procla- mation is thought fitted to be observed, and so no decrees or judgments to be made. God send us well out of that arreare. " I know not whether I shall be at Windsor, ther beinge upon the matter so little to be done, but if the Kinge moves that way, I shall look in upon them for 2 or 3 days, to confere with the judges, ther beinge not one of them heare, nor do I know whether I should wish you to put your selfe to such a trouble ; ther will be judges enough to heare our motions. I pray lett me know how you and my lady doe, and what you resolve to do, and since, if the sicknesse continue, it is very probable nether of the two next termes will be held at Westminster, I pray thinke what place may be con- venient for them ; ther was a proposition now for St. Albans, but I cannot imagyne ther can be convenience ther, and that if wee cannot be at Westminster, wee shall be counselled to go farther off. God keepe you and yours." Hemel Hempstead Market. 1666, May 17. — Order made upon the petition of the bailiffs and inhabitants of Hemel Hempsted. The petition sets forth that King Henry VIII, by his letters patent, granted to them "to be a village incorporate of one bailif and inhabitants for ever, and did thereby grant to them one market to be held there on Thursday in every week, and one fair on the feast of Corpus Christi every year, together with all liberties, free customs, profits, commodities, advantages, and emoluments whatsoever to the said market and fair belonging or in any wise appertaining." "That by virtue thereof the said inhabitants have constantly kept a market and fair upon your Majesty's waste ground there, and have, from time to time, set up and maintained moveable shambles and stalls for the selling of commodities, and have received the rents and profits arising by the said shambles and stalls without interuption. ' ' That Francis Oxley (an innkeeper of the said towne) by untrue suggestion did, in the fourteenth year of your Majesty's reign, obtain a grant by your majesty's letters patent, under your exchequer seal, of the said shambles and standings for thirty-one years, paying twenty shillings per annum rent to your Majesty. " That by colour of the said grant the said Oxley claimeth the said shambles and stalls, and hath endeavoured, by all means, to recover the same from your petitioners, and to that end did cause an information to be exhibited in your Majesty's Court of Exche- quer against your petitioners, to which your petitioners appeared and answered ; and the cause coming to an hearing, upon solemn debate, the information was dismissed and the court delivered their opinion, that by virtue of the aforesaid grant of King Henry VIII the shambles and stalls do belong to your petitioners. After which the said Oxley did bring an action of trespass in the Gl same matter in your Majesty's Court of King's Bench, which was tried at the assizes at Hertford, where the said Oxley, after full evidence, was non suited, and the judge declared his opinion that the said shambles and stalls did belong to your petitioners. e< That the said Oxley, perceiving your petitioners of right ought to enjoy the said shambles and stalls, hath of malice to your petitioners, who are all your majesty's copyhold tennants, pro- cured a writ of quo warranto to be sued forth in your majesty's name against them, on purpose to take away and destroy the said market and fair, which, if once effected, will certainly tend to the undoing of your petitioners, the prejudice of all the country thereabouts, and the great damage of the city of London, it being the principal market that taketh the corn from the country and supplieth the city therewith. " Wherefore your petitioners humbly pray that your Majesty would be graciously pleased to give order to your Attorney General to cease all further prosecution upon the said writ, and to cause a non fross. to be entered upon record, whereby both city and county may receive the same benefit and advantage of the said market and fair as formerly, and that they may retain the same privileges which they have constantly enjoyed for above 120 years." Signatures follow. "His Majesty out of his princely favour and goodness to the •petitioners is pleased to grant their suit, and directs that a stop be put to any further proceedings." The Commitment op Israel Mayo. 1666, August 6. Hertford. — Warrant from [Lord Fanshaw] to John Cross, of Ware, marshal. "Whereas Israel Mayo, of Bayford, in this countie of Hertford, gentleman, was this day brought before me, and hath refused to put in sufficient secure tie for his liveing peaceable under his Majesty's government, as also for not frequenting conventicles ; thesse are therefore to will and require you to recieve the said Israel Mayo into youre custodie and him there safly to keape untill he shall conforme thereunto and be delivered by me. Hereof faile not as you will answer the contrarie." The Earl op Clarendon to Sir Harbottle Grimston. [1666], August 9. Worcester House. — " My good Master : Yours of the 8th hath exceedingly afflicted me, in lettinge me see so much unwarrantable folly in the . . . *of my old friende [Lord Fanshaw]. I know not by what authority he actes as Lord W . . . , nor can imagyne ; I will enquyre when I see the secretary, and will shew the Kinge your letter. You and Sir H[enry] Caesar have done him a greate courtesy in puttinge such an end to the businesse. If Sir Jo[hn Witteronge] had appeald to the Kinge I believe he would have receaved justice. I perceive the rash man will lose all his friends. I assure you I * The letter is torn in several places. 62 will not loose my bucke, but will give you seasonable notice when to send it. I am in a . . . payne of my shoulder, which keepes [me] from sleepe. God blesse you and the good lady." Postscript : — " The King and Councell sate hear yesterday, when your officer, Mr. Payton, appeard, charged with speakinge the fowlest words against the courte and government you ever heard. I thinke he was drunke, for which he is like to pay deare." Sir Henry Cesar to Sir Harbottle Grimston. 1666, August 14. Benington. — " Thankes was the only errand intended for this messenger, but you have been pleased soe con- stantly to favour myselfe and friendes, that I am bold to request your advice on behalfe of Mr. Mayo, who is committed to the custody of the marshall by the Lord Fanshawe's order. He is a person who never was in armes, and hath noe other crime objected against him (as I am informed) than that he was convicted for being at a conventicle with Mr. Calamy, and it is believed by some that the Lord Fanshawe's and Sir John Gore's adjudication of that offence was unduely made. His father had a considerable estate, noe lesse than five hundred poundes per annum in the parish where he lives ; one who was soe loyall that he suffered a long imprison- ment for refusing the taking the engagement. Sir, if you please to direct his moving my Lord Chauncellor for a habeas corpus, and in what manner to move, or any other manner of proceeding, he will not thinke much of any charge to vindicate his Sonne's right, and restore him to his liberty." Sir Harbottle Grimston to the Earl of Clarendon. 1666, August 14. Gorhambury. — " There is not one particular in both my last letters which will not bee proved by persons of the best quality and fortune in this county ; but it is my Lord Fanshawe's reformation, not his reprehension, which I desire. I know not how I am fallen under his hard opinion. The other day he sent for a gentleman as a dangerous person, who I formerly knew, but had not seen these sixteen yeares last past till now of late, and asked him for sureties for his peacable living. He [the gentleman] told him that the gentlemen on that side of the country where his habitation was, hee hoped, did not take him to be such a person. Asking who those gentlemen were, he named my Lord Bridgwater, myselfe, Mr. Smith and other justices, whereupon his lordship bad him, more than once or twice, to tell mee that I had as deep a hand as any person in that horrid rebellion, or in that bloody rebellion, or [words] most directly to that effect, and that if the Master of the Rolls came within his power hee would make him know this, or would make him find this to be true. ' ' I know not what my Lord Fanshaw can do ; I am sure he cannot make me know myself guilty. I suppose you yourselfe can well remember in what condition I stood in the House of Commons for opposing their violent procedings before you went to York, and I can easily evidence that I stayed there by command, doing the 63 King then [there ?] all the service that lay in my power, and under the perril of as great dangers as my Lord Fanshaw was ever exposed unto. " But if I must continually receive those provocations, every- where bespattered with these false aspersions, I am resolved to quit the country and live in some other place where I hope to meet with more kindness. And all this, I am confident, proceeds from giving my voice for Sir Henry Caesar, for I have always expressed a great civillity to him as possible I could ; and his father, were he living, I know would owne mee for his friend, for having his bond of a thousand pounds for the payment of five hundred after his returne from Oxford, and had compounded for his estate in fifty-two, I then forgave him all the interest and gave him four years tyme to pay the bare principle. And the young lord does know, when he hath had occasion to desire my help in business that concerned his neerest friends, I was not wanting to serve him as far as I was able. " But it is high time to give your lordship an accquitance and to assure you it is the greatest pleasure I meet with, whenever you command, to shew my utmost dexterity. Your buck, I hope, will come very cool. As for my wife's part I pretend to noe power; for where there is but a bit of a knock you must imagine how so great a quantity may be missed, but seeing it is likely to prove so great an expression shee is resolved to try this week, whether it bee possible to spare the humbles and shoulders which shee presents to my lady with all in her power else that may be servicable." Postscript : — " My Lord Fanshaw have (sic) committed many gentlemen of quality to goal, some to his marshall, and taken great security of others, and now, as I was making up my letter, I have received this from Sir Henry Cesar ; one word of advise would infinitely oblige us both." Draft. Sir H. C^sar to Sir Harbottle Grimston. 1666, August 16. — "I cannot repeate my thankes soe often as you are pleased to bestowe your favours. I shall endeavour to pro- cure a copy of Mr. Mayo's mittimus, and too-morrow shall meete severall persons who heard the expressions of the Act of Indemp- nity, and very suddainly will attend you with an accompt thereof." Sir John Wittewronge to [Sir Harbottle Grimston]. 1666, August 17. Rothamsted. — "I cannot (without extreme ingratitude) but lay hold on all occasions to express my deep sense of the many favours received from you ; amongst which the late one, in your interposing between me and the Lord Fanshawe, his fury, and in so generous a way undertaking for my peacable deportment and loyalty towards his sacred Majesty, is one of the first magnitude, whereunto you were pleased to make an addition by acquainting my noble lord, the Chancellor, with all the pro- ceedings in that business. But it seems the Lord Fanshawe hath 64 since endeavoured to justify his severity towards me by re- proaching me to my Lord Chancellor, and, to prove me to be (what he would needs have me) a dangerous person, hath informed his lordship that I was a committee man, a decimator, a persecutor of all the King's friends, and one who had the King's goods in my house, when his Majesty returned. " Sir, as it is my security that all those imputed crimes (if they were true) are long since past and pardoned, so it is my comfort that no new thing is 'objected against me ; but that I may give you clear satisfaction how far T was guilty, and wherein I am innocent in the particulars before mentioned, I shall make a true reply to each of them. " For the first that I was a committee man, I must confess it is true that I was named during the long parliament one of the com- mittee for this county, and did act upon several of their ordinances ; but (God knows) without any by-ends or interest of my own, and I can safely say it (in His presence who knows my secret thoughts) without the least intention to be anyways instrumental to the horrid consequences of that unhappy war. " For the second, that I was a decimator, it is utterly false. I do not know that I was so much as named to be one ; but do assure you if I had, I should have abhored to have acted in a business wherein I was then convinced the royal party was most injuriously oppressed. "For the third, that I was a persecutor of all the King's friends, I humbly conceive my reply to the former may in part answer. But the charge being general and no instance given, I know not how to clear myself otherwise than lay an absolute denial, and do believe the Lord Fanshawe cannot produce any one of his Majesty's friends to make good his information. " For the last (that I had the King's goods in my house at his Majesty's return) I must confess I was ever a lover of pictures, and when that lamentable dispersion was made of his Majesty's goods I did, in several places, buy several pictures that were his Majesty's ; some out of shops in London, others of some of his Majesty's servants that had them assigned for satisfaction of the King's debts, all of which presently after his Majesty's happy return I did voluntarily present to the King at Whitehall (and that before any order came forth for so doing), which I doubt not but his Majesty may in part remember. However, I protest I kept not a hoof behind, nor not so much as one little piece done with a pen that cost me eight shillings ; how many pieces I had I do not now remember, neither I think it is material ; but I know they cost me near 300Z. ; but for any other goods of his Majesty I never touched one pennyworth. c( I have now given you a true account how far I am guilty of the crimes objected to me, as a person who had much rather in- geniously and humbly confess my faults than impudently deny or excuse them. How far my answer may tend to my advantage I must submit to better judgment; but if there should yet remain the least scruple against me, I am ready to attend, whensoever and where I shall be required, to give all the satisfaction I am able, 65 and if I must be so unfortunate as still to lie under any suspicion of disaffection to his Majesty (which by God's grace I am resolved to disprove by my future deportment), I shall cheerfully submit myself to his Majesty's pleasure and disposal, to whom, from my heart, I wish a long and prosperous reign here, and a never fading crown of glory hereafter, which is and shall be the daily prayer of, Honoured Sir, your most humble and faithful servant." Sir H. C^sar to Sir Harbottle Grimston. 1666, August 23. — "My wife and I had waited on you and my lady at Gorhambery, had not a violent deflexion of rhewme setling in one side of my face deteined me most part of this weeke in my chamber, and the feare of a further inconvenience without its removall, occasioned my takeing a journey to London for advice. Sir, I have here inclosed sent a copy of Mr. Mayo's mittimus. His father intendes to apply himself e to the. Lord Fanshawe for his Sonne's discharge, which if he grants not, he will take his remedy, as he shall be directed by his councill. The last Fryday proved soe wett a day that I mett with very fewe who were present at the Lord Fanshawe's discourse of the Act of Tndempnity, and have been since prevented by my distemper." Sir Harbottle Grimston to the Earl of Clarendon. 1666, August 25. — " I am very much ashamed of that imper- tinency and trouble I gave you in my last. It was noe sooner out of my power but I wish't it punishet with fyre. The suddaine surprise of my Lord Fanshaw's unkind message, sent by a mes- senger as badd as the message, put me into such a disorder as deserved a sharper reprehension then you pleased to give me. I have had experience of your readyness to forgive, I feare your memory is too good to forgett ; but if the good starrs favour mee, that I never fall into the like error againe, I hope tyme may weare it out. "As for those phanaticall spirritts who walke in confusis vestigiis, I never had theire favours, and when they have mine let mee bee markt carbone nigro. I know contenance or connivance easily sette them on fyre, and my buckett shall ever bee as ready as any man's to quench it. And I hope you do not believe my opposinge the late violent and partiall actings of my Lord Fanshaw had any thinge in ayme or end but his Majesty's service, whose honour and happiness is dearer to mee than life. What authority he had I doe not yet know, and whatever it was, I suppose his Majesty's intention was not to superseede the legal authority vested in the lord lieutenant and his deputys, but I am sure the using it to take a private revenge was the worst way of abusing it. And for my own part, if I were as bad as he would have me, and as guilty of the late horrid rebellion as the worst . . . , *me with it, contrary to the act of oblivion wherin it is guarded that nothing should ... in judgment against any of his Majesty's subjects for anything then done, and ... to the least * The letter is torn in several places. E on endamagement of them in their lives, liberties, or to the prejudice of their reputations by any reproach or term of ... , and I am sure he does not find my name there amongst the accepted persons. " I have likewise here inclosed sent you Sir John Witte- wrong's defence as to some of those particulars objected against him, and a modest extenuation of the rest, wherein hee shewes his ingenuity, which I am confident will not lessen your favour towards him, havinge given such testimonyes of his repentance and loyal affections since his Majestie's happie restitution. " If I know when it might come most opportunely I would faine send you another buck, with the appurtenances, and, I hope, a better than the last. My wife is now very willing to spare her vayles once more, though wee pinch hard, and fare the worse for it a yeare after ; and shee wonderfully thankes you for the great refreshment you give her in the close of your letter. If your creditt bee as good with Mrs. Sympson as shee hopes it is, shee intends to make great use of it and to have a mighty merry doe there, and drinke your and my ladye's healthes with great delight, and threatens you with a large reckeninge. I should have a heeart of adamant if I did not pity my poore lord that is fallen into the hands of such a crewell lady. I have nothing more to doe but to acknowledg you for the good angell that guides mee, whom I adore without flattery, [and] pray for with the greatest affection." Draft. The Earl of Clarendon to Sir Harbotle Grimston, at " Godamburie." [1666], Tuesday, September 13. Worcester House. — " My good Master of the Rolls, That you may [not] be out of hope of shapinge the trouble you have bene longe threatned with, I must now tell you, you shall not be withoute many days. I have made one progresse already into your owne county, and resolve not to be quyatt till I have stopt at Gorambury ; and though I have mett with many disappointments hitherto from your busynesse of Ireland [Freeland ?], I thinke all thinges will be now so adjusted that I shall finde no more obstructions. And because you shall not have a meale by me, I resolve (God willinge) to dyne with you on Frydaynext, since wee never supp; if you treate me kindly, as a frende, without ceremony, or . . . cource ( ? ), I will stay a day or two with you, but if you make a pudder ( ? ) and exceede, I will goe away the next day, though I stay with my old hostesse of St. Albans. Remember my service to my lady and be sure wee have oysters enough on Fryday by 12 of the clocke, for I suppose beinge in a coach by 8 will bringe us to you by that howre. God keepe you." The Earl of Clarendon to the Master of the Rolls. [1666], Saturday, 24 September. Worcester House. — " My good Master of the Rolls, Was it not enough to feede me 67 and my whole family a full week, but that you must furnish us with new victuall before wee have digested our old excesses ? My Lord Cornewallis and the children would have better dyeted heare for the sheriff's feast if they had supped three or four nights with my children, who have supped every night since wee left Gor- embury without caudle. Well, my wife will call at the Roles on Monday, soone after 11, to attende my lady to the . . . , and at the same howre sende away halfe a dozen cookes to provyde the feast at Twickenham for Tuesday, and if ther be any of the do 3 eaten then it will still magnify Gorambury. This town is full of your good fellowshipp, that I believe poore Mr. Simpson will have no more quarter, but all will to Gorambury. I do kisse my lady's handes very humbly, and am with my whole hearte." The Earl of Clarendon to the Master of the Rolls. [1666], October 3. Oxford. — " It is a greate happynesse to friends to heare frequently of one another's health in this sadd season, when so many every day dropp away. I have bene long without that happynesse of hearinge of you, in whose wellfare I am very much concerned, as I am very heartily in my judges and all who relate to you. But it is some cordiall to me that I heare nothinge a misse, which wee should be sur to do if all were not well. I have required this officer of ours, who tells me he is to be within 20 myles of you, that he make a journey on purpose to lett you know the state of your frends here, and to bringe me worde wether you will be heare at the Parliament, that I may provyde a lodginge for you. Of the tearme wee have yett taken no resolution that it ought to be adjourned ; to the two last returnes all men consent. The question only is where those returns shall be kept. As soone as I know that, it shall be quickly communicated to you. God keepe you and my good lady, and bringe us well togither agayne." The Earl of Clarendon to the Master of the Rolls. [1666], October 6. Oxford.—" My good Master : I have receaved yours of the 2nd, and" if Mr. How ( ? ) makes as much hast to you as he seemes to intende this is like to be sooner with you then another I writt to you three dayes since, by one of the ushers of the courte, whom I obliged to deliver it, not knowinge but that you were at Gorembury, and how that letter will finde you I know not. It is indeede a sadd season that wee are chased from one place to another to save our lyves. Wee have reason to complayne of the ill government of the citty of London, which, for want of shuttinge up infected houses, hath skattered the contagion over the ldngdom. I am glad you are gott into a healthy corner, and I love you too well to persuade you to quitt it, and to expose yourself e to such a jouney as it would be to this place, where God knowes how longe we shall continue free, many villages aboute us beinge infected, and the promiscuous resort hither at this tyme, givinge us too much cause of apprehension. 68 I shall excuse your absence to the Kinge, and I hope your friends in the Parliament will do the like, which I feare they must indulge to many of their members. I told you in my last that there is no resolution yett concerninge the tearme ; that which is most like to be is that the tearme will be adjourned to the two first returns (?) and those to be kept heare, which, though it may be necessary for the courts of law, will, I believe, make little worke in chancery, for I will suffer no man to be surprysed, nor will heare any businesse that both sydes are not consentinge to, so that I thinke you will not putt yourself e to the journy. If you resolve to do soe, lett me know it, and I will provyde the best accommodacon I can for you. I thanke God I and my company are in good health, and very true servants to you and my lady and to the good lord and his lady wher you are ; and though I thinke my Lord Cornwallis much fitter for this jorney than you, yett I do advise him rather to send his proxy then adventure himself e. God of Heaven bringe us all well together agayne." Lord Fanshaw and the Master of the Rolls. [1666]. "A narrative of the public affronts and personal reflections which Lord Fanshaw has put upon [Sir Harbottle Grimston], Master of the Rolls : — (1) . " The Lord Fanshaw sent for one Mr. Jenkins, a non- conformist, to finde suretyes for his peaceable deportment under his Majesties government, the penalty of the bond was 2000/., which hee offered to enter into himselfe, but, beinge a poore man, sayd hee had not creditt enough to procure any to ingage with him, whereupon his lordshipp gave him a weeke's tyme to bringe him suretyes, or to stand committed, or quitt the country. Mr. Jenkins, being in this streight, and desyreous to satisfie his lordshipp, tould him that the gentilemen in that part of the country where hee dwelt, hee thought, did not apprehend him to be soe dan- gerous a person as his lordshipp took him for. Askinge who those gentilemen were, hee named the Earle of Bridgwater, the Master of the Rolls and others on that side of the country. His lordshipp replyed that the Master of the Rolls had as deepe a hand in the late horridd and bloody rebellion as any man, and that hee would make him knowe it and finde it, and comanded Mr. Jenkyns to tell him soe. Such a message by such a messenger, whom his lordshipp apprehended to bee a dangerous person, the Master of the Rolls humbly conceives a designe to mine him in his reputation, and to render him obnoxious to his Majestie and unworthy of his favoure or service. (2) . " The Lord Fanshawe haveinge received a letter from the Kinge for raysinge the militia for the securety of the county of Hertford, appointed one Lawrance to give notice to the deputy leiutenants to meet him at Hertford, the 4th of September, at twelve of the clocke that day. The messenger came not to the Master of the Rolls, whose house is at least twelve myles off, and soe [it was] impossible for him to give his attendance, as was desyred. 69 " The next morninge, very earely, the Master of the Rolls had a letter from his lordshipp to the effect above sayd, who immediately made out his warrantes to Sir John Watts, captaine of a troope of horse, and Sir Richard Coombes and Mr. Sadler, captaines of foote, forthwith to drawe the horse and foote, under theire severall and respective commandes, to St. Albones, where the Master of the Rolls mett them, at his owne charge, entertained them and all theire officers, and see them all mustered himselfe, takeinge par- ticular notice of all defaulters, which were not many, and those such, for the most part, who were then gone with theire horses, cartes, and servantes to helpe the citty, then on fyre. " The first day the horse and foote mett at St. Albanes, after the musters were dispatcht and the officers and soldiers quartered, and a gaurd of horse and foote sett for that night, the Master of the Rolls went home to his owne house, and about eleaven of the clocke that night Sir John Watts received a letter from the Lord Fanshawe, directed to himselfe onely, wherein hee had order from his lordshipp to send one of the companys of foote, with two days' provision, to Kingsland, wherewith hee acquainted Captaine Sadler, his company beinge fittest to bee sent, haveinge not beene upon duty that night and lyinge neerest London. Captaine Sadler, haveinge noe order from his Colonell nor from his lordshipp, thought it not safe to march out of the county upon a verball order onely, from a captaine of horse, to whom hee had noe relation. They made theire addresses to the Master of the Rolls for his advice, who, to remove all impediments that might hinder his Majestie's service, advised Sir John Watts to write his letter to his lordshipp for his expresse order to Captain Sadler, who carryed it himselfe, and in the meane tyme the Master of the Rolls and Sir John Watts provided victualles, ammunition, and cartes to to carry the same, upon theire owne creditt. and imediately upon Captaine Sadler's retourne (which was in lesse then six houres), all things being ready, hee march' t away with all his company. " The Sunday folio winge, in the forenoone, as the Master of the Rolls was goinge to church, he received a verball message from his lordshipp to be at Hertford by nine of the clocke the next day, where hee was at the tyme appointed, and there beinge severall deputy leiutenantes, justices of the peace and others, his lordshipp tould the Master of the Rolls, soe soone as ever hee came into the roome where they were, that his orders were disputed and that the Master of the Rolls was the cause of it, and the onely obstructor of the King's service. " The Master of the Rolls answere was that he ever had beene, and ever should bee, as ready to advance the King's service as himselfe or any of his family, whereupon his lordshipp replyed ' Yoa as ready as I or my family to advance the King's services ! You were all alonge active in the late horride rebellion,' and hee would make me knowe it." Sir Harbottle Grimston to the Earl of Clarendon. [1666]. — I have receivd your letter and read it with a greate deale of pleasure and transport, and over and over agayne, as I am 70 wont tcfdoe your letters, not being content with a single pleasure, nor thinkeing I can espy all your kyndnesse at once that .... there, and I am happyer in it then all the world (besydes the favoure of my royal! master) can make me. In my last I gave you an account onely of that particular passage of my Lord Fanshaw's with Sir John Wittewronge. I wish all his other publick actinge did not discover as much passion and animosity, which, I am sure, is not for the King's honoure and service, for 'tis justice that does establish his throne and makes him amiable in the eyes of God and all good men. We have three troupes in this county, and foure and forty being to be drawne out and sent into Suffolk, he pickt out none but such as had given theire voyces for Sir Henry CaBsar. He says he will make all those gentilemen sheriffs succes- sively, that gave theire voyces for Sir Henry Caesar, and that he will begin the next yeare with one Mr. Ellys, a draper, in Paule's Church Yard, who hath an estate of two hundred pounds per annum or thereabouts in this county. He sayd it openly that the Act of oblivion was the worst thing was done since the King cam home, and that the Parliament at Oxfoord had it in consideration, and doubted not but at theire next meeting it would be repealed, which starttles the people much, that the greate securety of the nation should be shaken, being the foundation of theire peace, and so long as that stands firmely established I am confident will readily assist his Majesty to the utmost of theire powers. I have no cause to suspect his lordshipp's affection or zeale in his Majesty's service, but feare he fayles much in the manageing of it. Younge men thinke themselves wise, that they stand in need of none but themselves. In tyme he will fynd his error, and some advise to moderation and a grave deportment I thinke were well bestowed upon him. I wish I could as easily deliver you from the payne of the goute as I can from the further trouble of his lynes (? ), who desyres to live no longer then you please to believe him." Draft. f Sir Harbottle Grimston to the Earl of Clarendon. [1666].- — " So soon as I came home, news was brought me of Sir John Wittronge's being conveyed away from his own house with a party of horse, by vertu of a warrant from my Lord Fanshawe, in his own name, as now lord-lieutenant of Hertfordshire, who, upon his appearance, told him he conceived him a dangerous man and therefore required surety of him for his peaceable and good behaviour, and with it gave him liberty upon his parole, and further day to bring his sureties with him to Hertford where Sir Henry Cesar and myself waited upon his lordship, offering our- selves to advise with him and be advised by him in all things tending to the advancement of his majesty's service and the peace of the country ; and therefore, if anything were laid to the charge of Sir John Wittronge that gave any just cause of suspicion or jealousy, we should be ready to join with his lordship in the securing his person, or requiring what caution should be thought fit for his peaceable deportment. " My Lord Fanshawe returned us this answer, that he proceeded in this business by a sole and absolute authority he had from 71 his Majesty, and therefore needed not any conjunction, and that it was his judgment that Sir John Wittronge should stand committed unless he would engage his eldest son with him. We told my Lord Fanshawe, if such were his authority and his will so to do, we had then nothing to do ; but as humble petitioners on behalf of a neighbour, that he would be pleased to take his own security, having a plentiful fortune, which alone was as enough to make a wise man honest. "My Lord Fanshawe told us he desired no favour for that he had shewed no tokens of his repentance since the King came home, which gave Sir John Wittronge occasion to say what he could to evidence his loyal affection to the King. The sum of it was this; that it is true he went out to Alsbury (Aylesbury?) with a county regiment of foot in April, 1643, where he continued till August following, and then returned home and immediately laid down his commission, and never afterwards was in arms again. But after the King's happy restitution there were several Acts passed for raising of moneys, and, by way of subsidy, and to give a good example to others, he set himself forty pounds in the King's books. Another Act was for the raising of a royal present, wherein he acted as a commissioner with all the vigour he could amongst his neighbours, which appeared by the fruits thereof, for that hundred gave more than all the county besides ; and to show his forwardness in that service, he himself gave the King 100 pounds so soon as the last act for raising of moneys was propounded ; to him he presently subscribed 100 pounds and forthwith payed it into the exchequer. He was, last year, sheriff of a county in Wales where a considerable part of his estate lies. "He is at this present a commissioner for the royal aid for the borough of St. Albans in this county. That he constantly keeps his parish church, attending there diligently from the beginning of divine service to the end. That all this time he was all alone in his own house and no arms were found there but such as he stands charged with all for the service of the country, that no dangerous ill-principled people had ever been observed to resort to his house or [be] entertained by him, and never known or suspected to be at any unlawful schismatical meeting. That he lives very kindly amongst his neighbours and is very charitable and hospitable as all about him are ready to attest. "And my Lord Fanshawe himself, confessing he had nothing against him since the Act of Oblivion, and now three and twenty years since he was in arms, and then a very young man, Sir Henry Cesar and myself, conceiving it no ways seasonable at this time to alarm the people with fears when there is so much occasion to use their purses, did adventure to undertake for him the rendering himself whenever his Majesty or the council or the lord lieutenant of the county shall please to summon him, his own security being refused ; and after as many protestations and declarations of his loyalty and sincere affection to the King's person and government as ever I heard from any man, I hope we have not done amiss in our engagement. I am sure we intend 72 well. But if your lordship thinks anything more fit to be done, Sir John Wittronge will forthwith attend his majesty's council and humbly submit himself to give the utmost satisfaction possible, and within his power, that shall be required of him. I beg your pardon for this long narrative. I could not well abridge it without injury to myself and the right intelligence to the business." Draft. The Earl of Clarendon to the Master of the Rolls. [1666], Wednesday morning, 8 o'clock. Worcester House. — " My good Master : When you send such letters you had neede send such brybes. I assure you if the last had not allayed my choler the first would have made me very angry. Can you thinke any wild discource of this rash man can have any influence upon your regulation ? and are you so poore spirited that his folly can make you thinke of leavinge the country ? If he doth not reforme himself e, he will quickly be forced to leave the country himself. If you will have under demande justice upon him from the King for the injuryes done you, I will doe it very willingly, and if any gentlemen complayne of this treatment, if he can nothinge against them that makes them guilty, they will have justice. He was with me yesterday and, I believe, I angered him more than he hath any of his neighbours. He would (fayne) have Sir John Wittwronge thought a dangerous man, a committee man, a decimator, a prosequtor of all the Kinge's servants, one who had the King's goods in his house when his Majesty returned. I pray say somewhat to me of these particulars. He denyed with wondorful confidence any such discource of the Act of Indemnity, of his making shrieves, for he is aweake, vayne man. I know not what to say to Sir H. Caesar's letter. I would not have him or you appeare on the behalf e of any conventicles [conventiclers ?] "My Lord Fanshaw's greatest reputation is for his zeale against those people, and he would have it believed that the prejudice to him is all upon that accounte. When you see the mittimus you will judge whether he hath proceeded regularly, and leave the partyes to take ther owne remedy. You cannot do him more creditt then to compleyne of him for any thinge of that nature. Your lady is a very bountifull woman, and if you will both goe one day and dyne with Mr. Sympson on my accounte this last excesse will be the lesse felte. God keepe you." Officials of the Court of Chancery. 1667. — Brief for the Examiners against the Masters in the Court of Chancery. The Lord Chancellor and the Master of the Rolls, upon hearing the Masters and Clerks and Examiners of this court, declared that the Masters, upon references to them upon hearings, for the ease of this court, have, of late, been armed with commissions to examine witnesses, and with power to direct commissions into the country if they saw cause ; that such commissions and examinations ought not to be returned, 73 taken or kept by the masters ; because, whilst in their hands, the same are not records to ground their reports and the judgment of the court upon, in case the cause should afterwards come to hearing upon exceptions to such reports, or be otherwise re-heard ; and that the client cannot have authentic copies at any such hearing, nor exemplify or otherwise make use of the same, at any trial-at-law to be directed by this court otherwise. Such examinations are in danger of being lost on the death or removal of the Master who keeps the same, and clients will be encouraged to neglect making full proof, though they ought and might do it before publication, purposely to take advantage of such late proofs, which may occasion the lengthening out of causes to the charge and delay of suitors. The Chancellor, with the advice of the Master of the Rolls, therefore ordered : — (1) That full proof be made before publication. (2) If Masters find information on any particular point needful for making their reports, they may direct the parties to draw interrogatories on those points only, and to examine by the Examiner if the witnesses shall reside within ten miles of London ; if further off, the Masters are to direct a commission to be made by the Six Clerks. (3) All examinations not taken and kept on record by the Six Clerks or Examiners were declared null and void. The order was duly published and has since been pursued till lately, after a motion made by Sergeant Fountaine, the now Lord Keeper, it was ordered that the Master should examine as formerly ; whereupon the Examiners protested as being contrary to the order of 7th February before set out ; whereupon his lordship appointed this day for a hearing. - The antiquity of the office of Examiner is set out ; the Examiners are charged with the safe keeping and copying of all depositions ; evidence will be produced by examination of witnesses by the Examiners on reference to the masters ; witnesses will prove that the masters took no examinations in writing but only made " short notes of slight matters." It will be shown that examinations taken before the Masters are mostly penned and worded by their clerks " who are men of little understanding in the law or course or practice of the court." The depositions taken by the Examiners or their clerks are done with much care and by men upon oath and expert in their way. It is very inconvenient that copies of depositions should come from the Examiners and some from the Masters, but " it is absolu- tely mischievous, as the now practice is, for that, as soon as the Master hath made one report, such depositions are used but as waste paper, or at least upon the death or removal of the Master the same are conveyed quite away and fall into the hands of his executors or other strangers." The Masters for examining take, in fees, ten times more than the Examiners. The Examiners' fees are : for every sheet 12d. ; for examining every witness 2s., and 6d. to his (the Examiner's) clerk for " swearing, showing him to the clerk of the other side. 74 and leaving a note of his name " ; for every exhibit 2s., and 6d. to the clerk ; and for every certificate 2s., and 6d. to the clerk. For a certificate the Master takes 25s. " because they call it a report." In the case of Csesar against Bateman, in Easter term last, Sir Mountford Bramston " for making only a certificate that the defendant had not brought in writings, which by order he was to do by a certain day," the Master demanded and took 20s. for himself and 5s. for his clerk. The Examiner never demands above 2s. 6d. for such a certificate. In the case of Hale against Tisly, though the parties were so poor they were suing in forma pauperis, Sir Thomas Bird [Byde ?] made them pay I2d. a sheet and other fees proportionable, which they are forced to pay rather than displease him. There is an incumbent charge or fine upon the clients in every cause to pay for the commission to examine wherewith the Master is armed; this is: to the prosecutor 13s. 10^., and to the other lis. 2d., and this, in itself, is a greater charge than the Examiners' whole fees come to. Some of the Masters take upon them to pass exemplifications of depositions taken by the Examiners by copies only, without sight of the record, to gratify clerks and solicitors, " whereby the great seal is exposed to countenance the designs (sic) who may alter or vitiate a copy as he pleases." It is the Examiner's right to exemplify, and he receives a recompense for his careful keeping of the records and making calendars for the ready finding of them. The reason why charges on clients are lately increased is, since the said order of 7th February, the Masters have devised a new way to charge, viz. : for only setting their hands to the interrogatories brought to them ready engrossed and signing a small certificate and direction to the Examiner to examine, " by them called a report," they take of the client 25s. The Hearth Tax. 1667, August 10. Treasury Chamber, Whitehall, the Com- missioners of the Treasury to : . " We have considered the queries tendered to us by you, in the name of the justices of the quarter sessions at Hertford, and we do take it very kindly that, when scruples of that nature were raised to them, and which do so much concern his Majesty's revenues, that they would not go about to resolve anything thereupon without first consulting us. And because they are points of law we did, for their better satisfaction, endeavour to have drawn together all his Majesty's counsel learned in the law for their opinions thereupon ; but we found none in town but Mr. Attorney and Mr. Sollicitor ; and Mr. Attorney, by reason of his late sad loss, not in a condition at this time to be troubled about such matters. And you having informed us that the justices are to meet again on Monday next about this business, we were not willing they should part without having something from us. And therefore we desired Mr. Sollicitor to deliver his opinion, which he hath accordingly done and signed it, and herein 75 enclosed we send it to you, and we doubt not but it will give them very full satisfaction, and that they will accordingly give their hearty encouragement and directions for the levying of his Majesty's duty. Though the case upon which this scruple may have arisen amongst you may have been small, yet we think it necessary to intimate to you that the consequence of this to the whole revenue is very great, and that an ill example in your country (sic) would not want followers in other places, when it tends to a saving men's moneys ; and therefore we earnestly desire you to be careful of his Majesty's concernment in this matter, and that you communicate this our letter to the justices at their meeting on Monday. And we assure ourselves of their clear satisfaction therewith, and that they will heartily do their duty thereupon. Enclosing : — Questions.— -1. Whether A. (who by reason of poverty and the smallness of his estate is exempted from the usual rates and contribution towards the church and poor) dwelling in a house not having above two fire hearths, and not let apart from lands belonging to it, or divided into several dwellings, although his said house be above the value of 20s. per annum, shall be charged with the hearth duty. 2. Whether B. (who by reason of poverty and the smallness of his estate is exempted from the usual rates and contributions towards the church and poor and also receives the alms of the parish) dwelling in a house not having above two fire hearths and not let apart from lands belonging to it, or divided into several dwellings, although his said house be above the value of 20s. per annum, shall be charged with the hearth duty. 3. Whether smiths shall be charged for their forges. 4. Whether a succeeding occupier shall be charged with the duty grown due in the time of the preceeding occupier, and for what time, viz., half a year, one year, or what further ?). Answers by Sir Heneage Finch, Solicitor General. — I do con- ceive the two first questions to be the same in effect, wherein must be observed: — 1. The Statute 14 Car. II, c. 10., makes a double exemption from payment of hearth money ; first of persons, secondly of things. The persons are only such who by reason of their poverty are exempted from contri- butions to the poor, but because very many persons who live in a mean condition do yet make a shift to maintain themselves by their labour without being chargeable to their parish, therefore the parliament proceeded to the exemption of some things which might give them ease, and provides that if the house or the land therewith occupied be not worth above 20*. per annum, or the inhabitant be not worth 101., then, upon certificate, such inhabitant, etc., shall not be returned by the constable, etc. 76 Now the doubt in effect is, where a person, who ought to be exempted for his poverty, take a house and land worth more than 20s. per annum and so taxable in respect of his value, whether the person shall be charged for the thing's sake, or the thing discharged for the person's sake, and I am of opinion : — 1. The person shall not be charged who is absolutely ex- empted by the provison in 14 Car. II c. 10. 2. The house shall not be discharged which is absolutely charged by the next proviso in 14 Car. 11 c. 10. 3. That because such a case can never happen without fraud apparent in the judgement of the law, therefore the duty shall be paid by the lessor, who ought to have paid it before the lease was let to the poor man. And so it is provided by the Stat, of 16 Car. II, c. 3, in the 8th paragraph, which clause was made on purpose for this case ; and the constables may lawfully, and, I conceive, ought still to return the lessor, notwith- standing this lease. 4. And though in the end of that paragraph, two fire hearths are made a sufficient ground to charge any person notwithstanding any former exemption, yet I conceive this clause must be intended of such cases, where no fraud is presumed. But where fraud is apparent, as in this case proposed, there it is clearly warranted by the law, and I think it most for the King's service to lay the charge upon the lessor. To the third question : — I do conceive smiths are to be charged for their forges as for fire hearths, for they are within the very word ; and I see no warrant to expound this statute by equity against the King. The rather because the statute itself excepts certain firehearths, viz : of almshouses. Therefore all others are included according to the rule of exceptio firmat regulam in casibus non exceptis. For the last : — I conceive it clear that where there is no tenant, the landlord is, in law, occupier and so chargeable. Mary Copinger to Sir Harbottle Grimston, Master of the Rolls. 1671, September 6. Bury.—" My mother received a letter from you, which gave her much satisfaction as to the last propose shee writ to you about. Whereupon shee writ to my Lady Harvey, and proposed such termes as shee thought fitt, which my lady sayd shee was confident should be made good by the gentleman's father. Upon this, my Lady Harvey is gone to London to meat Sir Thomas Hanmer about this busines ; but since Sir William Beversham has perswaded my mother to breake off, which we cannot handsomely doe, in case Sir Thomas Hanmer will make good the settlement which my mother desired after you had aproved of the mach. 77 " Sir, my request is, as you once countenanced the business you would still doe it, and perswad my mother and Sir William not to propose [oppose ?] it ; for it will very much reflect on my mother and all of us that are ingaged in the busines, should we brake off on our part ; for, after you approved the busines it proceeded as fast as wee'could. "I have made it my busines to perswad my neece to like it, and I hope she may bee very happy with him. The gentleman is not excepted against, only his fortune, which you and the rest are pleased with, and thinke shee may be happyer with him thin with another ; for there is nobody dislikes him but Sir William Beversham who spaks of great maches, but is not likely to bring, any to efect without moneys ; and that they cannot have with my neece. I suppose it will be very hard to mach in to a family where money is not wanted to provide for younger children. "My Lady Harvey is now at London, and I feare my mother may writ to her to brake this mach ; which, if shee doe it, will be much talked of by reason shee aproved it. I wish you would prevent her and let me know it as sone as may be, which I shall take for a very great favour." Postscript : — "My husband is out of the towne or elce he had writ, and I was loth to lose the first opportunity of the post. If you please to writ, Mr. Harvey will send your letter to my Lady Harvey. My neece and I present our servese to your selfe and lady. My husband sent your letter to Sir William as sone as he received it, which was before he cam to my mother last. My Lady Harvey ley at Sir John Duncomb's house." The Chapel at Gorhambury. 1672-3, March 20. — Agreement between Sir Harbottle Giimston and Thomas Edney. The latter is " to build a new window to the chapell, containing fourteen foot wide in transome, and eighteen foot in the clear, with a pier in the middle, and three lights in each side of the pier. The first light to be seven foot high with transome, the second six foot high, and the third five foot high, arched on the top." And the Master of the Rolls is to bring as much stone from Sopwell as is useful and necessary for doing the said work ; and what is wanting over and above is to be supplied out of the stone in the barn at Gorhambury. And the said Thomas Edney is to find lime for the said work, and to let in all the iron bars fit for the glazier, and do all other freemason's work to the finishing of the said window, which is to be done and finished, before midsummer day next ensuing, in good and workmanlike manner. And he is to have and receive for the said work the sum of 191. ; that is to say, 5L the first day he begins the work ; and 10L more when the work is half done, and il. when he has finished the said work. The Same. 1672-3, March 20. — Agreement between Sir Harbottle Grimston and Thomas Evans : — Evans is " to take down the end of the old 78 chapel and to build a new wall, twenty foot in length from the old wall, and to make the foundation as thick as it was before, and from the water table to the roof a foot and a half thick ; the hight and bredth within to be according to the old chapel." He is to "lath, tile and seal it," and to raise the roof next the chaplain's chamber even with the new building. Moreover, he is to build up a room for the gardener adjoining the said wall, which is to be seven foot high from the ground, and seven foot broad, and sixteen foot in length, to lath and tile it, and pave it in the bottome with brick. And the said Thomas Evans is to provide all materials whatsoever for doing the aforesaid work, and to have the use of the old. And for doing and finishing all the said bricklayer's work (which is to be done before midsummer's day next ensuing) he is to have and receive the sum of 60?. ; that is to say, 301. presently down, and 30/. when the work is all finished. The Chapel at Gorhambury. 1673, April 7. Joseph Carter's contract : — "To frame a new roof ye whole length and breadth of the chapel, and to put in seiling gises and brackets for a cone seiling, and to make good the gallery roof to ye chapel roof, and to find all materials belonging to ye carpenturcrs' work of new timber. " To make a pair of stairs out of the passage in the gallery into the gallery in ye chapel, and also to make a timber partition to secure ye round stairs, and two new door-cases with timber and boards. " To make a new wooden gutter the whole length of the chapel to carry ye water between ye gallery roof and chapel roof ready for the laying on the lead, and to make use of old boards. "To frame a new roof for a shed 7 foot wide and 16 foot long on the back side of the chapel, and a door and a door case, and a window, to be done of the old materials except the door case and window. " To cut off the landing place going to the chapel, and to return ye rails and ballisters straight to the dining-room door, and also to put in a new door-case into ye chapel close to the great stairs. " To make the roof going up to Mr. Tressel's chamber level and straight with the rest of the range of building with old timber. " To new joist and board with materials, which are to come from Sopwell, and boards which are already at Gorhambury, the new room under the master's own chamber ; to fill ? the old roof where the tiles are to be taken off, and to put in two purlines, and to new set up a dormer window in the garret looking into the kitchen court with old stuff which is already at Gorhambury. " To take down ye old roof which is now over the chapel and the ceiling-floor and the windows, and to frame a floor the breadth of the seats on both sides of ye chapel with old stuff, and to board with old boards. " To make a new window in the chapel according as it is designed in the draught. " And it is agreed that the Master of the Rolls do pay unto Joseph Carter the sum of 70/. in full for doing the several works 79 aforesaid, and the said Joseph Carter doth acknowledge that he hath received 30/. in hand, in part of the said 60L" Added in another hand. " Six pounds is to be abated out of this contract in regard he does not make the window." The Chapel at Gorhambury. 1673, April 15. Agreement between Sir Harbottle Grimston, Master of the Rolls, and Thomas Ednee, stone-cutter. Ednee agrees to " make and set up one window of stone in the chapel belonging to Gorhambury in form and fashion according to the draft made thereof by Capt. Ryder, for which the said Sir Har- bottle Grimston does agree to pay unto the said Thomas Ednee the sum of 101., and find stone, ironwork, and the carrier of the sand." The said Ednee further agrees " to lay the floor of the said chapel with good, strong and sound Pirbeck stone, cornerwise, and to find stone, lime, and all other materials whatsoever, except carriage of sand," for which he is to receive at the rate of 16d. a foot. A subsequent memorandum records that the window was to have been "18 foot and 20 foot " and that " now the window is to be but 14 and 16 foot." The Same. 1673, June 11. — Agreement between the same parties. Ednee agrees " to lay the floor of the chapel at Gorhambury with good strong sound and well-coloured white Pirbeck stone and black marble,, cornerwise, well polished," at the rate of 2s. a foot, which " comes upon measure 443 foot." Ednee also agrees " to lay the floor of that part of the chapel where the communion table is to stand, with black and white marble, well polished and glazed, cornerwise," for which he is to have 3s. 6d. a foot, and to find marble, lime and all other materials. He is also to work the step " with an ostrigal mould, [and] to polish, glaze, and lay the same with the marble steps that are at Sopwell, finding all other materials " for which he is to have 31. Gorhambury. 1673, October 20. — Agreement between the same parties. Ednee agrees " to take up all the defective stone of blake marable in the shell house, and new lay, in the roome thereof, blacke marble, rubbed and pollished, and to new lay the pave- inge before the shell house doore leadinge into the gravill walke, as well where the wood lyes as where the stone lyes. To take up the stone in the space at the end of the lowe gallery under the gallery chamber, and to square and rubb the best of that stone and new lay it, the one halfe with that stone, and the other half with blacke marble, well rubbed, as alsoe the steppes goinge in and out of the same. To make foundations of bricke to sett the two pillars upon that supports the gallery chamber, to make cleane and rubb over the stones that lye by the pillers on the syde of the sayd space, and to plaster all alonge 80 the syde at the foote of the pillers with Tarrice, and to lay two courses of old stone that shall bee left in the kitchin court from the bricke paveinge at the seller doore to the door goeinge up to Mr. Martine's chamber, and one course from that doore to the bricke paveinge goeinge into the brewhouse entry, and to lay whole stones in the fore court in the roome of such as are broken ; he to find all stone, marble, lyme, hayre, and all other materialls to be used about that work, for which he is to have forty and three pounds." Joseph Carter [at Gorhambury] to Mr. Martin, at the Rolls, in Chancery Lane. [1673]. — " We receive no orders for the going on with the chapel as yet. I well hoped to have heard on Saturday last at night. We desire to hear with what expedition you can. We are not yet hindered by it, by reason the old walls are not quite taken down ; if we can hear by Tuesday next, it will be seasonable enough. The bearer hereof, Mr. Edney, and I have talked about the window in the chapel, and he says he can make it of stone which he can find out at Sopwell, and I perceive the charge of wood or stone will not differ much, if you please to aquaint the master and lady with it, since he is come so great a journey. If they please, I am very willing to remit my bargain, which is §?., out of my contract, that he may have the doing of it if the maater and lady be so pleased. I hope to hear by the bearer if he return to Gorhambury, or otherwise, directly how we shall proceed." Thomas Green to Sir Harbottle Grimston, Master of the Rolls, Chancery Lane, London. 1676-7, March 8, Colchester. — " The news of the late vote of the House of Commons, touching a bill to be brought in that members should not take their wages this parliament, came to us, most welcome, to me whose trouble must be so great in doing right in levying the wages (if not taken away by an Act) that I am ready to sink under the burthen of the thoughts thereof. We under- stand the vote proceeded from your motion, and, in the name of the corporation, I return you our most humble thanks. We hear that 600,000/. is to be raised by a land tax, and if the commissioners under the last Act of Assessment be continued, this town will be very much wronged, as they were formerly ; those commissioners being mostly Sir John Shaw's creatures ; wherefore I insert a list of the aldermen of the town, with Sir Thomas Smith, deputy recorder, and some other gentlemen. I desire you to peruse this list and add in or strike out whom you think fit." The Earl of Shaftesbury's Speech. 1677, June 29. The substance of the Earl of Shaftesbury's speech in the King's Bench when brought thither by Habeas Corpus. 81 John Potter and others to the Master op the Rolls. 1680-1, January 31. Colchester. — Though we have understood, from the knights of the shire for this county, that your honour declines and desires to be excused serving this corporation in the ensueing parliament, by reason of your age and the infirmities that attend you, yet we make it our hearty desire and humble request to you, out of the deep sense of your former good service which we gratefully acknowledge, to stand again. But, if you be so fixed in your resolutions as not to do it, that you would please, by a line or two, to make known the same to us, that we may satisfy the free burgesses upon election day therewith, to save the trouble of a second election, which the said knights of the shire have declared as from you (if they would still proceed to elect you) they must be forced to. We do only, in the behalf of the rest of the free burgesses, give your honour the tender of our services. The Mayor and Commonalty of Colchester to Str Harbottle Grimston, at the Rolls. 1680-1, February 5. Colchester. — "We are extremely sorry to find your honour decline being our representative in parliament, especially when, b}^ a former letter, you have bin pleased to honour us with a declaration that you would continue so for us to the last period of your life. We are sensible of, and must always grate- fully acknowledge, the great pains and trouble you have undergone in that service, and we do, and doubt not but the Parliament will consider your years, and dispense with your attendance when it is prejudicial to your health ; but in confidence of your former promise, and experience of your faithfulness, we shall humbly take leave to elect your honour again. "We hope this may be a healing Parliament, and that your honour will yet have the pleasure of being instrumental in settling the nation ; but we shall judge ourselves very unhappy if (forsaken by your honour) those many designs, which are laid to distract us, should upon us alone have their effect, when our neighbours at Ipswich, and all other places that we hear have yet chosen, have taken in their old members, and if we (as we resolve to do) shall follow their example, we believe we do express ourselves what we really are, your honour's most humble and obliged servants." Twelve signatures. Ralph Creffeild to the Master of the Rolls. 1680-1, February 21. Colchester. — " The election of burgesses to serve in parliament for this burro ugh was last Tuesday. At night the poll was closed and the number of voters appeared to be thus : for your honour, 414 ; for Sir Walter Clarges, 218 ; for Captain Reynolds, 308 ; but in regard there were many foreigners polled, the court was adjourned to this day that the poll might be compared with the records of the free burgesses, which accord- ingly hath been done, and by ye exactest account can be taken, F 82 there were 24 foreigners voted for Capt. Reynolds and 8 for Sir Walter Clarges, and yet Capt. Reynolds had 24 more votes than Sir Walter, which I publicly declared in court this day and sealed indentures, wherein your honour and Capt. Reynolds are returned. Alderman Lawrence represented your honour in the chair here, as it is our general hopes your honour will do the corporation in the House. The whole government and free burgesses (except about 100 that gave single votes for Capt. Reynolds) we^e for your honour. My brethren join with me in our hearty prayers for your honour's health and happiness and good success in Parliament." Sir Harbottle Grimston to the Mayor of Colchester. 1680-1, February 23. The Rolls. — You know in my former letter how much it was mv desire to have been excused from serving for you in this ensuing parliament at Oxford ; my great age and weakness make me unfit for that employment anywhere, much more at Oxford, where I have no accommodation, and in my circumstances it will be hard to be put to such shifts as I easily forsee I am exposed unto. Nevertheless, I must return yourself and the rest of my friends at Colchester my hearty thanks for your love and confidence demonstrated in your election of me ; but my wishes are that your kindness at this time had not triumphed over your charity, for you cannot but think 'twas a thing very desirable by me to have had some interval between worldly affairs and the hour of death, and until then T shall remain your old and faithful servant and affectionate friend. John Rushworth to Sir Harbottle Grimston, Master of the Rolls. 1681, May 7. — " In the first place give me leave to begg your pardon in that I have not waited on your honour this long time, and secondly to returne my most humble and hearty thanks for your remembrance of mee, with five guinneas, which I received by Mr. Angus, by direction of Dr. Burnett, given by you for my encouragement to proceed with my fourth parte of Historicall Collections, in which I have made soe good a progress, as I hope to have it made publique in (if not before) Michaelmas tearme next, 1681, and to contrive 900 or 1,000 pages in folio ; beginning with Remaines of remarkable passages anno domi vi 1640, 1641, omitted in my second parte, which second parte — treating of proceedings in that parliament which mett November 3. 1640 — I hudled up of a suddaine into that parte, not intending the same att first, fearing then alsoe an interruption of the presse, and soe I was willing to confirme my 12 years' collections during 12 years inter- mission of Parliaments, by the speeches then made att the opening of that Parliament, which speeches I perceive is not unacceptable to the nation. " After I have done with Remaines, then I proceed with matter of facts, in order of time, without observation or reflection, 83 from the 12th of May, 1641, when the Earl of Strafford was beheaded, unto the monthe of January, 1646, when the King was removed from Newcastle to Holdenby in Northampton- shire, and there placed, by order of Parliament, and attended by members of both Houses ; and therewith I conclude my third parte, which, according to the materialls I have prepared, will contayne 900 or 1,000 pages as is above mentioned. "But, if God give mee life and health, I purpose to begin my fourth booke, with Agitator George Joice, his seizing upon the King, 1647, att Holdenby, without order of Generall or Parliament, and to discover the misterious proceedings of those agitators during theire dominion and reine. "Then I shall proceed to the breaking out of the second warre, 1648, and give an account of matters millitary and civill, and of the Scotts' invasion and battell att Preston, till the tryall of his late Majestic "After which I give an account of the new framed government and settlement of affairs, and of Cromwell's goeing into Ireland, 1649, and his remarkable services there against the Irish rebells in order to the reducing of that kingdome to obedience. " Then I goe on with a narrative of the armiee's marche under Cromwell to invade Scotland, a.d. 1650, and of the battell att Dunbarre where I then was, and am prepared to give a particular account thereof and of the Scotts' oversight at that time. Next thing of which I give an account is the Scotts' marche into England, 1651, and the fight att Worcester, and then Crom- well's marche upp to London, and a.d. 1653, [when he] putt an end to and dissolved, or rather turned out of doors, the first long parlaiament ; and therewith I conclude my fourth parte of Historicall Collections, which will conteyne 7 or 800 pages in folio. "Pardon my rudeness in soe long a letter, and might it not admitt of more trouble to your honour, that you would consult with my worthy freind Dr. Burnett of my designe in these two books." Holograph. Seal of Arms, broken. Office of Master of the Rolls. 1682, October 26 — December 19. — Account of money received and paid by John Bressey for Sir Harbottle Grimston. The receipts include :— 50/. of Lady Howe for half a year's board ; 80/. 19s. for your honour's fees in the Cursiter's Office for Trinity term ; 10/. for your honour's fee for examining the estreats in the Petty Bag for a year; 24/. 3s. id., (less 5/. for collection) for casual fees collected in the Hanaper ; 10/.. fee as High Steward of Col- chester ; 52/. 6s. 8d. from several officers [of the chancery] named the clerks of the Petty Bag ; and the clerk of the chapel ; and 51/. Is. lOd. of the Rolls' rents for four quarters. The payments include : — to the collector of the poor for the Rolls' liberty 1/. 19s. ; to the usher of the court for the poor of Egham 12/. 10s; to the collector of the Rolls' liberty for "trophy money" 2s. ; and to Mr. Roger Morrice towards the maintaining of schools in Wales 10/. 84 Sir Harbottle Grimston to the Mayor of Colchester. 1683, July 7. — "You cannot, nor any man ought to be ignorant of his Majestie's late proclamation, wherein he has disclosed the traitorous and detestable designs of some wicked, bloody, and ill- principled, antimonarchial persons to destroy the sacred person of his Majestie, and consequently the overturning and subverting the government in the miserable confusions and distractions they intended to involve ye whole nation in ; and I suppose, before this, you have notice of an address made by*the City of London and his Majestie's gracious acceptance thereof. I have served you many yeares in severall capacities, and I think it is my duty at this time to advise you and the aldermen, your brethren, to prepare an address and to call a common council (who are the representative body of the free burgesses of your borough), and after you have communicated it to them and have their approbation, wherein I doubt not but all will be very unanimous, declaring the utmost abhorrency of this bloody and damnable conspiracy, and your full and fixed resolutions to preserve and defend his Majesty's royal person with your lives, to the last drop of your blood, and to dispatch this address as soon as you can, and I shall be extremely glad to see you here before I go out of town, that I may have the honour and satisfaction in my owne conscience to subscribe my name likewise to ye same. Pray acquaint the rest of the aldermen, your brethren, with this my advise." Copy in Sir Harbottle's hand. Thomas Ruse to Sir Harbottle Grimston at the Rolls. 1683, July 13. Colchester. — "Our mayor received your season- able letter, and summoned his brethren and the House in general, and an address was accordingly drawn up and unanimously signed, with a great alacrity and cheerfulness, by the whole House that were in town, and I verily believe, had not your letter been so seasonably sent, it would not have been so unanimously signed. " Your honour was pleased, upon my. delivery of Mistris Smith's letter by your secretary to your selfe, to write to the mayor about it, which, in truth, as your honour therein hinted, did as much concerne the corporation in general as Mistris Smith. I do not understand that any considerable notice has beene taken of it, but your last letter sent to the mayor has taken so good and seasonable impression, that, as well the mayor as Sir John Shaw, and diverse of the aldermen are come up to waite upon your honour with an address to his Majesty ; and if they should mention nothing of your letter sent to them about Mistris Smith's con- cernes, it may be your honour may conceive it reasonable to inti- mate it to them, and they being now goeing to wait upon his grace the Duke of Albemarle, our worthy recorder and patriot, it may not be unseasonable (as your honour mentioned by letter to the mayor) to acquaint his grace withall, that he, by letter to the judge of assize, may give such hint as he thinke convenient, for I take it to be of great consequence not onely to Mistris Smith, but to the towne greater. My humble thanks for all your favour." 85 Sir William Luckyn, baronet, to his MoIther-[in-Law]. 1683-4, March 13. London. — " Honoured Madame : I was to waite on my grandfather as fer as Barnett. T understand sance, by my uncle, they are all well except my Lady Anne, whoe is under very greate affliction for the loss of her brother, the Earle of Tennett [Thanet], whoe died last Sunday. Miss Mary is married to the Earle of Essex. There is as much done as can possible be to henire [hinder ?] itt ; untill the/y come of age to give there consent. There are very greate proposalls for Miss Betty, butt nothing concluded of yett. I cann't learne any thing concerning that bussiness from my grandfather nor uncle, which I doe very much strange att. I suppose by next terme it will be made something or nothing. I do not knowe what is the reason of itt, nor I can't tell what grounds my uncle had to hasten me to write to your ladyshipp for soe speedy an answer for that which has moved soe slowely since." Postscript : — " Pray let Mr. Cane give my curbe bridle to ouyr carryer next Monday to be delivered to me." Sarah Luckyn to her Mother-in-Law, Lady Luckyn, senior. [1684*]. " Honoured Madam : I return your ladyshipp a great many thanks for the muff and your kind present of the four pound for a tippet, and must begg your pardon for disposing itt another way, which was in a wach that I hope will prove a very good one, for 'tis very handsome as to outward show and is thought very cheap ; itt cost 18 pounds. Your ladyshipp sent 101. and 3 pound was all I got for the old one, which made 13 pound, and this last four made 171. and the rings completed the whole 18 pound and some odd money, and hope your ladyshipp will not be displeased at the charge, for I was willing when I did buy to have a good one, and chose rather to be without a tippit. " I am still at my brother Grimston's, for they will not part with me yett. I have offered severell times to go, for fear of being troublesome, but they will not. Mrs. Liley and Mrs. Lee were hear to-night. They both gave there service to you. Mrs. Lire (sic) keeps her coach and lives very handsom. Her house is near Bloomsbury Square. I am very sorry your ladyshipp is so often ill, and wish I could see you. Pray give my service to my sister Betty and intreet she would not take itt ill my not wrighting, but 'tis for want of time and opportunity. I am much concerned to hear how my sister Luckyn lessens herself, and the reflection itt causes upon us all through her indiscreet actions. Pray give my duty to my mother and service to my brothers and sisters, and wish what I heard of my uncle Shevington [Sherrington] had been so. I have not seen him, but thought itt my duty to send, but his answer was he did not see company. "Since I wrought the other side, my Aunt Cowper has been dangerously ill with her old distemper, a convolsive colleck in her stomack and the pluresye in her side, which hindered me * Endorsed "1684," but apparently later. 86 sending itt till I saw how she was, and I thank God she is much better then she was. All the time of her illness I went as often as possable, and when not I heard every day bye letters. " My sister Grimston was att the birth night. She went in her weding cloths, green and gold. She has lined it with a pink coloured silk and fringed the mantow with silver and the petticote has five deep silver fringes att the bottom. Every body is now out of mourning. It obliged me to line my yellow mantow with a changable silk ; it cost me two pound 16s., and a silver stomacher to wear over my black stays and a suite of green and silver knots which is all I. bought." Addressed : — " At Messing Hall, to be left at the Angel, in Kelvedon." St. Albans' Charter. [1684-5]. — Expenses of John Lawrence in passing the charter of the town of St. Albans. The payments to "Mr. Secretary Bennett" are as follows : — £ s. d. "For the reference to Mr. Attorney upon the petition 05 : 00 : 00 To him more for the warrant to Mr. Attorney to prepare the bill 06 : 00 : 00 To his chamber keeper ... ... ... ... 00 : 05 : 00 To Mr. Attorney for signeing the bill, ten peeces in gold, which cost £1 2s. 5d. per peece 11 : 04 : 02 To Mr. Johnson for drawing the bill and in- grossing the same ... ... ... ... 15 : 00 : 00 To the under clerke there and chamber keper 01 : 05 : 00 To Mr. Secretary Bennett for getting the King's hand to the bill 20 : 00 : 00 To his chamber keeper ... ... ... ... 00 : 05 : 00 To the clerks of the signett and privy seale ... 20 : 07 : 00 To the chamber keeper there 00 : 05 : 00" There were also payments : — " To my Lord Chancellor's pursebearers clerke to put his master in mind of gettinge my lord's receipt to the bill 00 : 05 : 00" And : — " To Mr. Edward Seymour, deputy clerke of the hanaper, for the fine to the King, the 1 perpetuity, enrollment, private seale, Chancellor's and Master of the Rolls' fees, clerke of the Hanaper's fees, and other fees due to the Lord Chancellor's servants ... 37 : 19 : 06 To Mr. Beale, the deputy clerke of the patents, for the fees of that office 20 : 06 : 00 To the writinge clerke there ... ... ... 01 : 00 : 00 The two following items conclude the account : — ■ Coach hyre, and goinge by water severall tymes 00 : 11 : 06 87 For a box with a lock and key to put the charter in 00 : 04 : 00 p Sum total ,.. 139 : 17 : 02" Sir Harbottle Grimston's Funeral. 1684-5, March 3— Receipt by William Russell for the payment of his account for the funeral of Sir Harbottle Grimston. For a large double coffin, covered with velvet, and set off with the best work, with his coat of arms, all the hinges chased and silvered, with a large leaden coffin, and preserving his body, 301. For the use of a velvet hearse, 51. For the use of ten fine cloaks for gentlemen, 3/. For the use of seventeen cloaks for servants, 31. Ss. For a man and horse going into the country to hang the church, 11. For a piece of diaper, 106'. The room where Sir Harbottle lay, hung deep, and the floor covered ; 12 silver sconces, six silver candle sticks and six black stands, 11. 10s. For two latches and putting them on, 3s. For three mourning coaches, 121. For my attendance and trouble, 21. In all 64/. lis. Od. Received this third of March, 1684, of Sir Samuel Grimston, the sum of sixty-two pounds in full of this bill (signed) William Russell. St. Albans' Charter. 1684-5, March 6. Whitehall. Warrant for a charter for the borough of St. Albans. Heads given. Copy. The Case of Henry Compton, Bishop of London. 1686, August 4 to September 6. — "An account of the proceed- inges of the Lords Commissioners for Ecclesiastical affairs in the case of the Lord Bishop of London, at the councill chamber at Whitehall, Mercurii Uo die Augusti, 1686. Present: — The Lord Chancellor, Lord Threasurer, Lord President, Lord Bishop of Durham, Lord Bishop of Rochester, Lord Chief Justice Herbert. " The Lord Bishop of London appearing before their lordshipps, the Lord Chancellor spake to him to this effect — " Lord Chancel. : My Lord Bishop of London, the Lords here present have received a commission from the King to inspect all ecclesiastical affairs, persons, etc., and hath commanded us to sett you before us, and the question I have to ask you is short and plain, and I desire you would give a positive answer to it. What was the reason you did not suspend Dr. Sharp when the King commanded, and sent you an express order so to doe, and tould you it was for preaching seditiously and against the govern- ment ? 88 " Lord Bishop : I received such an order and, if what was done in that affair was done amiss and contrary to my duty, it was my ignorance and inadvertancy and not a wilfull fault ; I have been alwais ready to expresse my duty to his Majestye and, if in this particular I have not exactly complyed, it was because I was tould that I could not, I was not so shallow as to goe on my owne head but tooke the best advise I could gett ; I consulted those whose profession and buisness it is more and perfectly to onder- stand those proceedings, and all tould me I could not legally do it, but by way of process and hearing of him first. Lord Chancel. : Ignorantia juris non excusat, you ought to have known the law, and it was a wonder you did not doe it in this particular ; wee are redy to hear you. " Lord Bishop : I knew not what would be laid to my charg, and therefore came not provided to make such a defence as I might have done, but if your lordshipps shall give me a copy of your commission and a copy of my charge, and allow me some time, I will endevor to give your lordshipps satisfaction. "Lord Chancel. : I would not misinterprett your words, but shall desire you to explain their meaning ; if by desiring a copy of our commission you desire to quarrell with the jurisdiction of our court and the legality of it, I have another answer ready for you, but, till I know your meaning therein, my answer is that noe copy of the commission be granted, and it is unreasonable to desire it. It is upon record, and all coffee-houses have it, for — pence appeece, and I doubt not but your lordship hath seen it. Lord Bishop : I have never yet seen it, but your lordshipps know it is a thing altogether new to this generation, and it may be something may be found in it whereby I may be instructed and directed in my answer and behaviour in this matter. But my lord, if I may not have a copy of it, will your lordshipps please that I may read it or have it read. " Lord Chancel. : That's a thing I cannot grant neither of myself ; I must first ask my lord commissioners' judgments, and if you please to withdraw you shall hear it. " Then the Lord Bishop and company withdrew for a quarter of an hower and returned. " Lord Chancel. : My lord, all the commissioners are of opinion that your request is not to be granted, and that it is unreasonable ; mighte very one that appears here challeng a sight of our com- mission and the reading of it, all our time will be spent in reading our commission, and wee have something else to doe. " Lord Bishop : If it may not be granted I submit to it, but I hope your lordshipps will let me have a copy of my charg and time to answer it. " Lord Chancel. : The proceedings of the courts of this kind are never by libels and articles, but replica succinctive, by words of mouth only, and it is a short question, I ask you why you did not obey the King ? " Lord Bishop : It is a short question, but requires more words to answere it. I pray your lordshipps consider I am a peere, a bishop, have a publick trust though unworthy, have a public 89 character, and would behave myself as becomes one in those capacityes. " Lord Chancel : We know very well your lordship's quality and character and are willing to shew all due respect to your lordship, but yet wee must have due regard to the King and government too, and his Majesty's business must not be neglected. " Lord Bishop : My lords, I suppose there is noe appeale from this court, and when a man is to be concluded at one barr, and is in danger to be knockt down at one blow, you'le think it reasonable he should be allowed some time to prepare for his defence. " Lord Chancel. : My lord, I suppose their lordships will be willing to grant you some time. I pray what time doth your lordship desire ? "Lord Bishop : My lord, it is the assize time ; most of the councell on one occasion or other (either business or divertise- ment) are in the contry. I pray your lordshipps I may have to the beginning of the term. ''Lord Chancel. : That is unreasonable ; his Majesty's business cannot admitt of such delays ; meethinks a week should be enough. " The Lords Commissioners each being asked singly by the Lord Chancellor said all, a week is enough. "Lord Bishop : Since your lordshipps will grant me no more, I ask no more. Then their lordshipps adjourned till next Munday. " Lune 9 die Augusti sequcrC — Present, the six commissioners afforesaid. "The Lord Bishop came attended with his nephew, the Earl of Northampton, his brothers, Sir Francis Compton, Sir John Nicholas, etc. " Lord Chancel. : My lord, wee are here to hear your reasons. ' ' Lord Bishop : I have lost no time for the preparing my answere, but I am not so ready as I might have been because I could not procure a sight of the commission. Your lordshipe told me it was on record and in every coffee house, but I employed one the whole week to search for it and could not have sight of it till last night ; if your lordships doubt the truth of it, I have the person ready to make oath of it. "Lord Chancel. : My lord, you are a person of honour and quality and wee will not question the truth of what you say ; there needs no oath. But, my lord, I tell you again wee will not admitt of any quarrelling against our commission. We are well assured of the legality of it, otherwise wee would not be such foolls to sitt heare. " Lord Bishop : My lord, I have other reasons why I desired a sight of your commission ; it may be it doth not reach me being a peer and a bishop, and it may be it doth not reach my particular case. Therefore, I desired a copy of it, or a sight of it, and, in regard I could not see it till last night, I have not had time to take advise what to answere. If your lordshippes will not be otherwise satisfyed I must give such an answer as I have prepared, but it is my desire I may have longer time for itt. " Lord Chancel. : Is this all you have to say ? " Lord Bishop : This is the first thing, I do not desire to prolong 90 the time ; the necessity of the case requires it, the counciil being out of town, in whom 1 think more fitt to confide. " Lord Chancel. : If your lordshipp will be pleased to withdraw wee will give you an answer. " His lordship then withdrew for half an hower. "Lord Chancel: My lord, I formerly tould you wee will not endure any quarrelling at our commission ; t'will be an odd thing in us to give you time to pick holes in it, but we are willing to pay all due respects to your lordshipp ; what time do you require ? " Lord Bishop : I shall submitt to your lordshipps, but I hope a fortnight will not be unreasonable. "Lord Chancel. : Agreed, you shall have it till to-morrow fort- night at eleaven in the morning ; to which the Chancellor added : My Lord, when I tould you the commission was to be seen in every coffee house, I did not speak it with any design to reflect on your lordship, as if you were a haunter of coffes houses. I abhor the thoughts of it, and intended no more by it but that it was common in town. "So their lordshipps adjurned till Tuesday fortnight. When the bishop spake concerning the commission, Thomas Clergis, with aloud voyce said well putt, well putt, my lord speaks nothing but reason. There was another gentle- man, supposed to be Sir John Lowther, who, as he was coming away in the crowd, said there was some who represented mee as a Papist but the contrary shall appear ; I will not be affrayed or ashamed to vindicate my Lord Bishop's cause before your commissioners themselves. " Martis 31° Augusti sequent'. The six commissioners present afforesaid. " Lord Chancel : My lord, wee are now ready to hear your lordship's answer. "Lord Bishop : My lord, notwithstanding the time hath been very short (considering the weightiness of the business) and the absence of many of the learned counciil, I have taken what advise I could and have consulted those who are knowing in the law. I hope, my lord, there will be no misinterpretation of my words. I doe not intend anything that is derogatory to the King's supre- macy, undutifull to his Majestye, or disrespectfull to your lord- shipps. My counciil tells me the proceedings in the court are directly contrary to the statute law, and are ready to plead it if your lordshipps will admit them. "Lord Chancel. : My lord, wee will neither hear your lordship nor your conceill in that matter ; wee are sufficiently satisfyd of the legallity of our commission as we have often tould you. ' ' Lord Bishop : My lord, I am a Bishop of the Church of England, and by all the lawes in the Christian churches in all ages, and by the particular lawes of the land, I am, in case of offence, to be tryed by my metropolitane and suffragans. I hope your lordshipps will not deny me the rights and priviledges of a Christian bishop. " Lord Chancel. : My lord, you know our proceedings are accor- ding to what hath been done formerly, and that wee have an originall jurisdiction ; this is still petitioning our commission. 91 "Lord Bishop : It is partly so. "Lord Chancel : Nay, it is absolutely so. "Lord Bishop : My lord, I hope your lordshipps in your pro- ceedings will interprett everything in your commission in favour of the person that is brought before you. I humbly conceive that your commission doth not extend to the crime layd to my charge, for you are to censure faults which shall be committed. This that I am accused off was before the date of the commission. " Lord Chancel : I confess there is such a clause, but there are genera 11 clauses that take in offences that are past as well as those that are to come ; hath your lordship anything more ? " Lord Bishop : My lord, protesting in my own right to the laws of the realm, as a subject, and to the rights and privileges of the church, as a bishop, I shall, with your lordshipps leave, give you my answers in wryting, which was accepted, and his lordship withdrew, leaving Dr. Sharp's petition, which the King refused to accept. " His lordship was called in. " Lord Chancel. : My lord, wee have read your paper, and here is another paper. " Lord Bishop : My lord, it is Dr. Sharp's petition to the King. "Lord Chancel. : My lord, be pleased to take it againe ; wee are not concerned in it ; will your lordship be pleased that your answer be read ? " Lord Bishop : Yes, if your lordships please. My lord, I have this farther to say : What I did in the matter was jurisperitorum conditio. I consulted my councill, who is the judge of my court as well as others, and the law saith that what is done by advise of councill shall not be interpreted to be done maliciously or obstinately ; the law in your case directs that if a prince requires a judg to execute any order that is not agreable to law he shall rescribere et reclamare principi, and this the law calls servicia principi, a peece of service to the prince. Now, my lord, I conceive I acted in them according to my duty, for I wrote back to my Lord President in as becoming words as I could, and acquainted him that an order to suspend without citation and hearing the person is against law, and therefore expected his Majesty's farther pleasure. In the next place, I did, in effect, what the King commanded to be done, for T advised Dr. Sharp to forbear preaching till his Majesty received satisfaction concerning him. And accordingly he hath forborn in my diocesse. " Lord Chancel. : My lord, will you have your paper read ? "Lord Bishop : Yes, if your lordshipps please. "Which was done and concluded with the King's letter and his lordshipp's answere. " Lord Chancel. : Has your lordshipp anything more to say ? "Lord Bishop: My lord, I desire your lordshipp will hear my councill, by which you will have more clear and full satisfaction concerning what I have said. " Thereupon his lordshipp was desired to withdraw and after a quarter of an hower his lordship and councill was called — who were Doctors Oldish, Hedges, Brice and Newton. 92 "Oldish: My lords, the question before your lordshipps is whether the Bishop of London has been disobedient to his Majestye's commands, concerning which it must be considered : Firstly what was done ; secondly what he hath done in obedience to it ; thirdly what judgment ought to be given by him. It is apparant by your lettre that the King did not take cognizance of the cause, for the words are : being informed that Dr. Sharp, etc., so that it could not be an absolute suspension, for it supposes noe other prooff of the crime charged on him. Then let us consider the words themselves— (that you suspend him for preaching). — Now my lords, we have not such a thing in our lawes, so that the meaning must be only sylencing him. Where there is an absolute suspension there ought to be a citation form of proceedings, judgment, and decree ; to act otherwise is contrary, against the law of God, of nature, of all nations in all ages, and was never done in the world. "Lord Chancel. : Doctor, I am loath to interrupt you. but I must tell you this is an unnecessary harangue. We know that was not an absolute suspension ; but the question is whether the Bishop could suspend him from preaching. " Oldish : Then my lord I have gayned that point ; if it were only a silencing of him, the question is whether the Bishop did not execute the King's command. I think he did it in such a methed as is observed in our courts. W^hen any eminent person is accused the judg sends to him by a lettre, and if he appears and complys with the judges order the law is satisfied, juditium redditur in invitos non involentes. The Bishop did send for Dr. Sharp, shewed him the King's lettre, advised him not to preach till his Majesty had received satisfaction, in which he promised to observe his lordship's command, and has not preached to this day ; so that his Majestye's command was, in effect, fulfilled. My lord, there is the like proceedings in the common law : for if an atturny takes a man's word for his appearance and he doth appeare it is the same thing as if he had been arrested, and there he hath no action against the atturney. <£ Lord Chancel. : Cujus contrarium est lex. there lyes an action of escape against the atturney. "Dr. Hodges: My lord, the matter of fact hath been stated; the question is whether the Bishop of London hath been dis- obedient to the King's command. It appears that he hath not, because upon receipt of his Majestyes letter he required that doctor not to preach, and he hath obeyed him. That which the King commanded, (viz.), to suspend him, the Bishop could not doe. The act of suspension is a judiciall act. The King writes to him as a Bishop, to suspend as a Bishop and a judg, which could not be done before a hearing of the cause. If a prince send to a person that is not a judge, but only as a ministerial officer, that officer is to execute his commands ; but when a King commands a judge, he commands to act as a judge. This is no light matter which the Doctor is accused of ; it is for preaching sedition and rebellion, which requires severe censure, and if the Bishop, as a judge, had suspended him, he had begun at the wrong end, for this had been 93 judgment before process. In this case there ought to have been a citation ; our books give many instances which would be too tedious to your lordshipps. I will give you this one : The Emperor proceeding against the King of Sicily upon information that he had received, and giving him no citation, the King appealed to the Pope, who declared the proceedings to be voyd. and that it was against the law of nature (which is abo\ T e all positive lawes) to pass sentence before citation. This is the method of proceedings in all courts, and T humbly conceive it is and will be the method of this court, for otherwise the Bishop needed not to have been cited before you. The Bishop has done what w as his duty ; he was bound to return his reasons to the King why he could not doe that which was commanded, and to expect his farther pleasure, which was done. I affirm that, if a prince or a pope command that which is not lawt'ull, it is the duty of a judge rescribere, which is all he can doe. " Dr. Brice : The question is ut supra ; a citation is jure gentium, and can never be taken away by any positive command or law whatsoever. The Bishop hath obliged the King so far in that he did rescribere, and expecting his Majesty's farther pleasure ; if the Bishop could have suspended him, it must have been in foro, but in regard it was only silencing him which was required, it might have been in a private chamber. The advise of the Bishop is in some sence an admonition, whi-ch is a judicial act, and this was given by the Bishop and obeyed by the Doctor. "Dr. Newton: My lord, the question is ut supra; the Bishop has not been disobedient, as in nature no man can be required to do that which is impossible, so no man can be obliged to do an unlaw full act j id non fit quod non legitime fit ; that rule obliges all men m the world, in all places and at all times ; the charge against the Dr. is of very high nature, and he desired to be heard before he was condemned. My lords, the bishops are custodes cannonum, and therefore must not break them themselves. I affirm that the Bishop was so farr from being disobedient that he was obedient to the King, for when he did rescribere (and he heard not the further pleasure of the King returned) he ought to conclude the King was satisfied with what he had written according to his duty, and that the King had altered his commands. A citation (as your lordshipps have heard) is according to all lawes, in all places, and in all judicial acts there is something to be done according to law and somewhat according to the discretion of the judg, and for that reason, as well as others, the offender ought to be cited to appear before him. That which was in the Bishop's power to do he hath done, and it was, in effect, what the King commanded to be done. " Lord Bishop : If through mistakes I. have erred in any circum- stances I am ready to begg his Majesty's pardon, and shall be ready to make any reparation that I am capable of. "Then his lordship was desired to withdraw, and after half an hower was called in. " Lord Chancel. : We will be here again on Monday next and desire your lordship to be here again at ten in the forenoon. 94 "Lord Bishop : My lord, 1 desire that care may be taken con- cerning the minutes that are taken by the clerks of what is past, and that I may not be misrepresented to the King by mistakes of the penmen. " Lord Chancel. : My lord, you need not fear it. I hope you have a better opinion of us. There shall be no advantage taken by them. "Bishop of Rochester: There shall all imaginable care be taken concerning it. " Then their lordshipps adjourned till Monday next. When the councill were pleading, Dr. Pinfold, the King's advocate, stood at the Lord Chancellor's elbow, and took notes by which it was expected that he should make a reply, but said nothing, and it is supposed that he stayed with the commissioners when the Lord Bishop withdrew and gave them reasons for his systemn. "Jovis, 6° die Septembris sequent'. — Present the aforesaid six commissioners. "The Lord Bishop of London attended according to order, and Mr. Bridgman, their lordship's register, was commanded to read the sentence to the Bishop as followeth : — "Whereas Henry, Lord Bishop of London, hath been convened before us for his disobedience and other his contempts mentioned in the proceedings of the cause, and the said Lord Bishop of London being fully heard thereupon, we have thought fitt, after mature consideration of the matter, to proceed to our definitive sentence, declaring, decreeing, and pronouncing that the said Lord Bishop shall for the said disobedience and contempt be suspended during his Majesty's pleasure ; and accordingly we doe by these presents suspend him. the said Henry, Lord Bishop of London, peremptorily admonishing and requiring him hereby to abstain from the function and execution of his Episcopal office, and of and from all Episcopal and other Ecclesiastical juris- dictions during the said suspension under pain of deprivation and removal from his bishoprick. Given under our seals this 6th day of September, 1686." St. Michael's Bridge, St. Albans. 1688, October 24. — Articles of agreement between John Bressie, gentleman, on behalf of Sir Samuel Grimston, of the one part, and John Turner, of St. Michael's, Herts., miller, of the other part. Turner agrees to erect a substantial bridge at " St. Michael's river " instead of that now standing, to be finished in twelve months, in consideration of which he is to be allowed by Sir Samuel 13L and the " old stuff." He is to keep the bridge in repair at his own costs for 60 years, and in return to have a lease of the waste ground of Sir Samuel's manor of Kingsbury, whereon the cart lodge now stands, for the same term, paying to Sir Samuel 10s. a year. A[nne] Meautys to Sir Harbottle Grimston. 16 — , April 3. Culford. — " My mother continues her resolution of meeting you at London the next week . . . We shall lie 95 at my lodging in Covent Garden, where I am promised very good accomodation of room. Little Janey presents her humble love to her dear Sir Harreby and says the wedding goun shall be ready." Anonymous Letter to Sir Harbottle Grimston, Master of the Rolls. [XVII Century]. " I have a cause depending in chancery which has already beene branded with your notorious partiality, and by consequence I expect that at the hearing (which will bee ere long) it will receive as palpable tokens of your injustice. My Lord Cooke tells you that precatio as well as pretium are briberyes, and the scripture saith, a bribe blindes the eyes of the wise. I will not accuse you of being guilty of receiving the latter, neither can you excuse your selfe in the former. I have sent this as a monitor to forewarne you that you do mee justice at your peril, or expect Buckingham's fate, although I were never soe certaine of Felton's end, for I shall thinke my selfe happy enough that I liv'd to punish audacious injustice, especially when it shrouds itself e under the robes of justice and power. " It may bee asked how shall I knowe this person who demands justice under such a penalty, and yett tells me not his name ; but this answers itself e. It is justice I require, which is but my due to receive and your duty to dispence, as well to the poore as to the rich, as well to strangers as to your friends or the friends of your friends, for the judgment is not your owne, but the Lord's, and if you judge as Hee doth, uprightly, you need not feare the face of man ; but if otherwise evil, it as your dore. Sir, believe mee neither foole, madd man, nor huff, for if the case would beare it, that I could tell you my name, you would know that I both dare and will doe as I say. And now you will say, and truly too, that you have a hard taske set you, that your judgments must bee construed by a party, and they are comonly blind in their owne causes. " Every man thinketh hee hath most equity on his side ; but Sir, be pleased in this to take the advice of your monitor upon your seate of judicature ; regard not the anticipations of your freinds, nor bee prejudicated in your opinion weither you give care to the nourishes or forraigne clamours of councell which concerns not the merits of the case, and doe justice purely according to the light which God hath given you, and that great God who punishes the unjust and preserves the just will protect you, which that you may is my dayly prayers to him, and that I may say with David when hee mett Abigal upon the roade, Samuel, cap. 25, verses 32, 33, 1 for as the Lord God of Isreel liveth, except you doe me right my just revenge shall be like shades of light shut to the earth, but open to heaven's light.' " Proposals made to the Master of the Rolls " for the more regular keeping of the records of the High Court of Chancery." [XVII Century]. "That whereas there are daily clamours made and great grievances sustained by the suiters of this court in 96 respect of the too frequent miscarriages and total destruction of great numbers of records of the said court, occasioned as well for want of convenient record houses, the present ones being not only- very dark, so as most serches are made by candle light, but are damp also, insomuch that many bundles have been totally rotted and destroyed to the ruin of many families. And being now kept by six persons, their particular fees will hardly countervail their labour to put them in such method as records ought to be in ; for which reasons — the same are all now kept by underclerkes — whereas the same (being of great trust) ought to be kept by some sworn clerk of the court. And besides the now methods of keeping the same are very tedious and confused, for that upon a general search there must be above thirty books inspected ere a suitor can make a thorough search. Now for an absolute redress of all said grievances and inconviniences without the least charge to any person whatever (save the undertaker) the offers following are humbly presented to your honour, viz. : — " That the proposer will (if your honour so think fit) be at the charge of building a large record house (containing several stories of building) over your honour's coach house, reserving still the same, if not greater conveniences than there be there at present. " That all ye bundles of records of the said court shall be covered with vellum furrells and put into presses whereby they may be preserved as well as any records whatever. " That all the said records shall be entered fairly in four books only, viz. : one for single bills, the second for bills and answers, a third for commissions, and ye fourth for decrees. Whereby five parts in six of the usual labour of searching will be saved, besides the charge being reduced to one place of search. " That for ye recompense of the undertaker to perform this good and chargeable work, of unspeakable advantage to posterity, he doth only demand the usual fees now paid, and to have the making of all sheriffs' patents yearly, allowing the six clerks their usual fees thereat, the same being now made by underclerks and no sworn clerks. u That the said proposer may have the said office for three lives by him to be named. To hold the same during such time either by sufficient decree of this court, also by Act of Parliament to be procured for that purpose." Petition to the House of Commons of Sir Harbottle Grimston and many others, creditors of Oliver, Lord St. John, son and heir of Oliver, Earl of Bolling- broke. [XVII Century]. That the said Lord St. John is ; and hath been for many years, indebted unto your petitioners and others in the some of threescore thousand pounds and more, for money lent and other good considerations. "Your peticoners not having, for theis two yeares and better, received any of theire principall or interest money from ye said Lord St. John, or any his sureties, did thereupon putt divers 97 of theire bonds in suite, and proceeded soe farr as that the said Lord St. John and many of his sureties are and doe stand at this time utlawed ; and your peticoners have otherwise endeavoured to arrest theire persons and to extend theire lands and goods, but cannot have any fruite of such theire lawfull suite, by reason the said Lord St. John has, for almost two yeares, been beyond the seas, and that some of his sureties are dead, and the residue obscure themselves and have protected theire lands by extents and fraudulent conveyances. " The said Lord St. John, before his departure, as your peticoners hope to prove, settled and conveyed unto his said father, or others unknowne to your peticoners, upon secrett trustes, all the manors, lands, and heredytaments that were settled upon him at his marriage, being of the value of 6,000/. per annum ; soe as now he hath noe freehold or other estate in the said mannors, nor any goods and chattells lyable to be extended for satisfaction of his debts. "The said Lord St. John, being lately returned from beyond the seas, hath been since called by his majestie's writt to have a place as a peere in the higher house of parliament, where hee dayly sits accordingly, soe as thereby his person is priveledged from arreste, and many of his sureties are now protected by the said Earle of Bollingbrooke and other of the peeres of the higher house ; and some other of the said Lord St. John's sureties are, at this instant, members of this honourable assembly, being outlawed as aforesaid, and therefore your peticoners are, at this present, remedilesse to recover theire said debts by any legall course, either against the said Lord St. John or any of his sureties. " Your peticoners are some of them orphans, some widowes, other whose livelyhood depends upon the monyes owing them by the said Lord St. John, and therefore humbly beseech this honour- able assembly to take consideration of your peticoners' just com- playnt, and to settle and direct some such course therein as to your wisdoms shall seeme meete, whereby your peticoners, maie have a legall way to recover theire said debts against the said Lord St. John and his sureties." Petition of the mayor, aldermen and burgesses of St. Albans to James, Duke of York. [XVII Century]. " That whereas Queene Elizabeth, by her letters patents under the great seal of England, did, for the mayn- tenance of the free schoole of the towne of St. Albans and of the master and usher thereof, grant unto the then maior and burgesses of the said burrough and their successors, power and authority to license two wyne tavernes within the said towne ; and whereas Kinge James, your royall grandfather of ever blessed memory, by his letters patents, did give the said maior and burgesses power to license a third wine taverne within the said towne for the further mayntenance of the said free-schoole, schoolmaster, and usher, with a clause, in the same letters pattents conteyned, that within the said burrough, and within two miles thereof, there should for ever thereafter bee but onely those three wyne tavernes G 98 and noe more, which said priviledge hath ever since byn enioyed by your petitioners' predecessors and the said charitable use thereby wholly maynteyned ; and the said letters patents and priviledges are confirmed by the Acte of Parliament for wine licenses made in the twelfth yeare of the reigne of our Sovereigne Lord the King that now is. " Now, may it please your highnesse, the commissioners for wyne licenses have licensed and sett up a fowerth wine taverne within the said burrough which will prove the utter overthrowe of the said free schoole and of the charitable use for which the same was intended. " Your petitioners therefore humbly pray that your highnesse, out of your gratious inclination, will be pleased to take the premisses into consideration, and give such order therein for the settling of the same, soe as the said free schoole may not be overthrowne, as to your highnesse wisdome shall seeme meete." Draft Petition to the House of Commons from the free- men AND BURGESSES OF THE ANCIENT BOROUGH OF St. Albans. [XVII Century]. " That the borough has been used, for some hundred years past, and before any charter of incorporation, to send burgesses to parliament. That, though in the charter of incorporation, granted in the reign of Edward VI, notice is taken of this privilege, yet your petitioners conceive it is no other than a confirmation of that right they had before, and cannot alter or limit the ancient method of election ; and that they have sent members ever since, as well as before that charter. The same argument applies to the omission from the charter of 16 Charles II, of any reference to sending burgesses to parliament. " That the last named charter being surrendered, his majesty that now is, was pleased to grant a new charter, wherein is the same clause as to sending burgesses to parliament as is in the charter of Edward VI. " And whereas in former charters there were appointed but 13 aldermen, and they townsmen, his majesty is now pleased to appoint 19 aldermen (the mayor being one) whereof 11 are gentle- men of the county, and but 8 townsmen. That these gentlemen aldermen, pretending that in the said last charter there was a clause that did restrain the election only to freemen, and those only such as should be made free by the last charter, did summon a court to be held the day before the election ; against which day notice was given to several persons in the county, never free before, to come to St. Albans to take freedom on purpose to obtain their designs by the method before intended ; and although the mayor did then actually adjourn the court, yet the said aldermen did proceed to make free several persons in the county not inhabitants in the borough, and others not inhabitants in either [county or borough], and took bonds not to claim the benefit of their freedom ; and although the number of electors within the said borough has, 99 from time to time, been never 600, and although your petitioners and many other of the burgesses did desire that their voices might be admitted and taken for Sir Samuel Grimston and Sir Thomas Pope Blount, baronets, yet Mr. Churchill, having not above 40 inhabitants, and Mr. Dockwra not above 5 inhabitants of the said town, are returned to serve as members for the borough. " The petitioners pray that the return may be set aside and a new return made for Sir Samuel Grimston and Sir Thomas Pope Blount." Case of the borough of St. Albans, touching the election of members to serve in the present parliament. [XVII Century]. ''That St. Albanes is a very auntient borrough, whose inhabitants, before they were incorporated, sen!; there representatives to serve in parliament, as by theire peticon to King Edward the Second, anno octavo, may appeare ; wherein they sett forth that, aswell in the time of Edward the First, the King's father, and of his progenitors, as in the time of the sayd King Edward the Second, alwayes before that instant parliament, they and theire predecessors were alwayes accustomed to send two burgesses to every parliament, and that the names of such bur- gesses comeing to parliament were alwayes inrolled in the rolles of the Chancery. " Notwithstanding all which the sherriffe of Hertford, att the procuration and favour of the abbot of St. Albanes and his councell, refused to sumon those burgesses or to return there names according to his duty, and therefore they prayed remedy. "Whereupon order was given to search the records, and by the then parliament and judges of England and King's councell theire peticon was granted, and they allowed (as alwayes since they have done) to send burgesses as formerly in the times of Edward the First, King John, and so before Henry the Third, when this burrough was not incorporated. "It is manifest that the inhabitants did elect there owne burgesses as sithence theire being incorporated, even time out of mind, they have ben elected by every freeman, though he lived out of the borrough, and housekeepers within the same, and not lesse then 600 voices att every election. Many of those auntient records are wanting ; but sithence the raign of Edward the Sixt the records in the rolls all along are extant, and demon- strate that the members for this burrough were alwayes elected and returned by the freemen and inhabitants. " That John Selliock, a vintener, being mayor, he and three more of the aldermen, without the consent or knowledg of the gentlemen, burgesses, or cominalty of the sayd burrough, some short time before the death of our late soveraign, King Charles the Second of blessed memory, surrendered the charier of the sayd burrough, which was by him granted in the 16th yeare of his raign, wherein there are but thirteen aldermen appointed, and not any mention of members of parliament, nor any manner prescribed how, or by whom, they should be elected, the then King's councell well knowing that the same was by prescription. 100 "His majestie's writtfor election of knights and burgesses [for] the bur roughes and county of Hertfordshire, beares date . . . , when St. Albanes was no corporation, the charter being sur- rendered ; so that it may be presumed that his majestie and councell well knew that the inhabitants and freemen of St. Albanes might elect parliament-men for the sayd burrough without the ayde of a charter, the new charter beareinge date the 16th of March, 1684. " By this new charter there are only eight of the ould aldermen, townsmen, continued aldermen, and eleaven country gentlemen are therby made aldermen, to witt, Sir Francis Leigh, Sir Thomas Fotherby, Sir Charles Cleaver, Sir William Parkins, Sir Benjamin Titchborne, Sir Robert Mersham, Henry Guy, Esq., Edward Seamour, John Wethered, Thomas Halsey, and James Willmot, all liveing above six myles distant from St. Albanes and haveing no estate nor interest therein. " Selliock, who was not mayor (the charter being surrendered), summoned the cheife of the inhabitants to meet him att the town hall, where he declared to them that the Lord Churchill would stand for burgesse ; also he, with some others, went aboute the towne to gett voices. But observing that the inhabitants were generally for Sir Samuel Grimston and Sir Thomas Pope Blunt, who had formerly served in parliament for the burrough, threat- ened the inkeepers and alehousekeepers that if they would not give there voices for the Lord Churchill there licenses should be taken from them and the Lord Churchill should bring his dra- gooners to St. Albanes, and quarter upon them, and only allow them, as he had done, eight pence per diem for man and horse untill they were ruined ; he also threatened all those who should goe aboute to make voices for Sir Samuel Grimston and Sir Thomas Pope Blunt to bind them to the sessions and indicte them for rioters, and accordingly he and some of the new aldermen, being justices of the peace, committed some to prison and bound others to the sessions. And the mayor declared himself e that he would return the Lord Churchill as duely elected, although he should not be elected. "That on the 19th of March, 1684, the Lord Churchill brought downe the new charter, and the same day all, or most, of the alder- men were sworn e att the town hall, and when so done they went to the tavern and made a bonfire, and, having gott the rabble together boasted, and sayd : ' Who dare cry a Grimston or a Blunt ? ' Whereupon some of the standers-by did ; wherefore they sent some of them to the gaole and others they bound to the sessions. " On the 20th of March the 24 assistants were sworne, and some few made free who were for the Lord Churchill ; but in all not above 45 of the townsmen, whereof the towne aldermen and assistants were part. " That on the 25th of March the mayor caused proclamation to be made, that on the last day of that [month] the election should be. "That the day before the election the mayor, with these new aldermen, went to the towne hall with there servants and others 101 whose names they had in writeing, and there called them by there names into the councell chamber, one after another, and made aboute 46 of them free to serve there designe and to outvote all that were before made free, from some whereof they tooke security that they should take no advantage as to there toll, save only in order to there election of parliament-men, and refused to make any townsmen free, telling them that in good time, if they behaved themselves well, they might be made free. " The next morning, betimes, when none of the townemen were stirring in the streetes, the mayor and these new aldermen, att the mayor's order, read the precept, and gott upp in chaires one Captain Churchill, a person never before seen or known by the townsmen, and also one Mr. Docwra, a stranger also, and were hasting unto the mayor's house to return those two elected ; but some of the townsmen, accidentally heareing of it, came and re- quired a poll which they denyed, saying they were not freemen under the new charter. But one of the assistants, who was sworn and free under the new charter, demanded a poll, whereupon they went to the towne hall, and there the towne clark called byname the 46 who, overnight, were made free and asked them who they were for. Whereunto most of them answered: ' For the Lord Churchill and Docwra,' but the new aldermen admonished them to say only Churchill and Docwra ; and there many of the gentlemen and freemen of the sayd burrough offered their voices for Grimston and Blunt, but the mayor and aldermen tould them they would not admitt of any to vote but such as were made free under the new charter, and returned Churchill and Docwra as duely elected, although there was not 100 voices in all, and above one half strangers, newly made free ; whereas, att former elections, there were not lesse than 600 voices, and when the last and former charters were renewed not a man was made free again, for once free alwayes free. "In the new charter there is a clause that the mayor and burgesses elect burgesses to serve in parliament, according to the first charter of incorporation by King Edward the Sixt, which is that the mayor and burgesses shall have pouer to elect two discreet and worthy men to be burgesses to serve in parliament for the said burrough. By ' mayor and burgesses ' is meant and intended the freemen and housekeepers of the sayd buriough and sithence so accustomed." The Parliamentary Party at St. Albans. XVII Century. ' k Thomas Cooley, the elder, mayor of St. Albans 5 when forces were raising for the parliament, put on his sword saying : ' I have not wore a sword these twenty years, but now I do it to encourage the people to fight against the King.' He hath always joined with, and shewed what countenance he could to, the fanatic party, and hath upheld one Partridge to preach, which was never called to the ministry, and hath denied others. " Mr. Edward Eames, one of the burgesses, maintained a horse and arms for the Protector at his own charge, at SI. per annum, 102 and took it as a great favour that he might be employed in the service. " Mr. Gladman, one other of the burgesses, was a committee man for the trying of ministers, always upheld and maintained the fanatical party, held and enjoyed the King's land, was summoned to the Green Clothe, since the King came in, for not delivering up the crop for the King's use, it being by the King's officer demanded. " Mr. Ivory, when he was mayor, a poor man for saying : ' God bless King Charles,' was charged with eight constables and sent to prison." " William Stow maintained a horse and arms and rode himself for the Protector, beat a poor woman and cast her into prison for saying : ' It were better Richard Cromwell were proclaimed Protector.' "Mr. Lomax, always accounted a friend and assistant to the fanatical party, and when an unlawful assembly was in St. Albans he did, in open court, affirm it to be lawful and pleaded what he could for ye maintaining of it. And when a sermon was preached by Sir Harbottle Grimston's chaplain, for the submission to and owning of government and governors, he reported it to be a railing sermon." "Mr. Charnocke in commission against the King, always privy to, and employed by, Dr. King. "Mr. Hickman and the rest of the party have lately been questioned with them for the receipt of moneys in the county received and not accounted for. " Thomas Richard, the town clerk, proclaimed the King traitor, and proclaimed both the protectors ; has always joined with, and approved of, the action of the fanatic party ; held correspondence with Major- General Parker ; drew up article against a person resident in ye town for speaking against Parker and his party ; and caused him to be sent for by constables and soldiers, and forced him to put in good bail, or else to go to prison. " There are Thomas Oxton, one of the burgesses, and Nathaniel Ewer, Godfrey Scollfield, Richard Ruth [?], and John Brown, which are assistants to ye mayor and burgesses, and always reputed and taken to be of the phanatic partie." Inhabitants of Cashio and Dacorum Hundreds. [XVII Century]. The names of such persons as are charged with finding of horses for their estates within the hundreds of Cashio and Dacorum. Sir Thomas Hide, in Longmaston, Aldebury, and North My mmes, 1,600?. per annum ... ... 3 horses. Sir John Garrards, in Wheathamsted and Sandridge, 7501., and Doctor Kelligrew, in Wheathampted and Harpenden, 250Z. per annum ... 2 horses. Sir Job Harby, in Aldenham, Theobald Street and Parke Ward, 500?. per annum 1 horse. 103 Richard Jenyris, esquire, and the Lady Alice Jenyns, 715/. per annum in St. Albans and Sandridge ... 1 horse. Mr. Joshua Lomax, in St. Albans, St. Michaells, Bovingdon, Barkhamsted, Bushey, Gadsden, Windridge Ward, and Redbourne, 600/. per annum 1 horse. Mrs. Jane Bentley, in Leavesden Hamlett, Watford, Aldenham, and Park Ward, 550/. per annum ... 1 horse. Edward Briscoe, esquire, in Aldenham, Ridge, Theo- bald Street, Park Ward, and Idlestrey, 535/. per annum ... ... ... ... ... ... 1 horse. Sir John Wittewronge, in Harpenden, 600/. per annum ... ... ... ... ... ... 1 horse. Sir Richard Coombe, in Hemelhempsted and Boving- don, 700/. per annum ... ... ... ... 1 horse. Sir Henry Blount ... ... ... ... ...Number not stated. Sir Richard Francklyn ... ... ... ... Ditto. Sir Harbottle Grimston, in St. Michaells and Red- bourne ... ... ... ... ... ... 2 horses. Sir Harry Coningesbie and his mother ... ... ... 1 horse. William Leman, esquire, in Northawe, 550/. per annum 1 horse. Mr. Pecke, in FJamsted and East Barnett, 350/., and William Marsh, gentleman, in the same parishes, 180/. per annum ... ... ... ... ... 1 horse. Henry Childe, Esquire, in Watford and Abbatt's Langley, 300/. ; Henry Laighton, esquire, in King's Langley, 200/. per annum ... ... ... 1 horse. The Lord Colerane, in Chippinge Barnett, 110/. ; Mr. George Hadley, in East Barnett, 220/. ; Mr. Pry mate, in Chippinge Barnett, 136/. ; Mr. Goodwyn, in East Barnett and Chippinge Barnett, 100/. per annum 1 horse. Robert Ashton, esquire, in Watford, 150/. ; Henry Baldwyn, of Redheath, in Watford, Bushey, Rickmersworth and Bovingdon, 170/. ; Augustine Wingfield, in Rickmersworth, 130/. ; and Mr. John Robinson, in Rickmersworth, 130/. ... ... 1 horse. Robert Hewett, esquire, in Rickmersworth, 300/. ; and John Fotherley, Esquire, 250/. per annum ... 1 horse. John Heyden, esquire, in Watford, 268/. ; and Mrs. Day, in Rickmersworth, Aldenham, Park Ward, and Saundridge, 269/. per annum 1 horse. The Lady Colt, in Rickmersworth, 190/. ; William Kingsley, esquire, or his trustees, in Sarratt, and Richard Eeve, in Rickmersworth, 130/. per annum 1 horse. Robert Lynde, esquire, in Rickmersworth, 160/. ; and John Berrisford, esquire, in Rickmersworth, 370/. per annum ... 1 horse. William Glascocke, in Bovingdon, Bushey, and Rick- mersworth, 125/. ; Mr. Norwood, in Rickmers- worth, 110/. ; Sir Thomas Engeham, 100/., in Barkhamsted, Northchurch, and Wiggington ; 104 in and Nicholas Coleborne, in Watford, 200?. per annum, and in North Mymmes and Bushey Thomas Nicholl, esquire, in Bushey and Wheatham sted, 250?. ; and Henry Cannon, in Rickmersworth 125?. ; Mr. Wake, in Watford, 125/ John Dagnall, in Tringe and Putnam, 174?. ; Mrs Elizabeth Day, in Tringe, 100?. ; John Edlyn, in Aldebury, Northchurch, and Aldenham, 109?. and Francis Kinge, in Hemelhemsted, North church, and Redbourne, 134?. per annum Mr. Brumley, in Tringe and Putnam, 190?. ; Mr Perrior, in Tringe, 120?. ; Cheyney Roe, in Tringe 190?. per annum ... ... ... Mr. Lake, in Wilsterne, 180?. ; Mr. Pyott, in Wilsterne and Tringe, 173?. ; and William Reeve, gentle man in Wilsterne, 160?. per annum. Joseph Marston, in Hemelhemsted, 175?. ; Mr. Scriven clerk, in Hemelhemsted, 100?. ; Richard Salter in Hemelhemsted, 100?. ; and Tho. Wells Gadsden, 125?. per annum ... Thomas Coppyn, esquire, in Caddington, 150?. ; and] Mr. Probie, in Caddington, 350?. per annum Joseph Bringhurst clerk, in Kensworth, 100?. ; Mr Clarke, in Caddington, 100?. ; Thomas Saunders esquire, in Flamsted, 193?. ; and Henry Belfield in Studham, 120?. per annum John Halsey, Esquire, 300?. ; and William Cotton Esquire, in Harpeden, Hamsted, and Barnett 300?. per annum Edmund Smyth, esquire, in Harpenden, 125?. ; Mr Robert Pemberton, in Harpenden, 125?. ; Mr Godman Jenkyn, in Harpenden, 125?. ; Mr Robert Jenkyn, in Harpeden, 125?. per annum Mr. Stubbins, in Wheathamsted, 160?. ; Edmund Neele, in Harpenden, 150?. ; Valentine Laurance, in Wheathamsted, 100?. ; and Thomas Kentish and his mother, in Wheathamsted, Langley, and St Stephens, 157?. per annum ... Sir John Read, in Wheathamsted, Langley, and Saundridge, 108?. ; Mr. Hunsden, in Wheatham- sted, 100?. ; Mr. James Rudston, in Harpenden, 120?. ; Mr. George Poyner, in Codicote, 100?. ; and Mr. Thomas Mitchell, in Codicote, 100?. per annum Sir John Cotton, in St. Michaells, 125?. ; and William Preston, esquire, in St. Michaells and Redborne, 375?. per annum Mr. Richard Taverner, in Hexton, 250?. ; and Robert Hale, esquire, in Newnham, 250?. per annum Mr. Edmund Noades, in Shephall, 250?. ; and Mr. Richard Cleaver, 250?. per annum Alban Coxe, esquire, in Sleape and Smalford, 166?. ; Robert Robotham, esquire, in Sleape and Smal- 1 horse. 1 horse. 1 horse. 1 horse. 1 horse. 1 horse. 1 horse. 1 horse. 1 horse. 1 horse. 1 horse. 1 horse. 1 horse. 1 horse. 1 horse. 105 ford, and St. Albanes, 132?. ; John Smyth, in Sleape and Smalford, 100/. ; Mrs. Sarah Sympson, in St. Albans, Tittenhanger, and St. Stephens, 106/. per annum ... ... ... ... ... ... 1 horse. Doctor Thomas Arris, in St. Albans, and Sleape, and Smalford, 125/. ; Phillipp Oxton, in Sleape and Smalford, 125Z. ; Christopher Kentish, in Sleape and Smalford, 125/. ; and Robert Wolley, in Sleape and Smalford, 125/. per annum ... ... 1 horse. Mr. John Pemberton, in Park Ward and Tittenhanger, 256/. ; Thomas Ayleward, in Tittenhanger, 175/. ; James Ayleward, in Tittenhanger, Sleape and Smalford, St. Albans and Saundridge, 100/. per annum ... ... ... ... ... ... 1 horse. Robert Sadleir, esquire, in Park Ward 250/. ; John Briscoe, esquire, in Sleape and Smalford, 154/. ; and Mrs. Dorothy Cole, 100/. per annum, in Sleape, and Smalford, and St. Albans... ... 1 horse. John Ellis, esquire, in St. Albans, Park Ward, Saund- ridge and Redborne, 125/. ; Edmund Colles, gentle- man, in Park Ward, 125/. ; Mr. William Kentish, in Park Ward and Windridge Ward, 125/. ; and Mr. Sparrowe for the Lady Saunders, in Park Ward, 125/. per annum ... ... ... ... ... 1 horse. Mr. Moore, in Northmymes, 350/. ; and Doctor Hixe, in Northmymes and Watford, 150/. per annum ... 1 horse. John Crew, esquire, in Shendley, 260/. ; William Cole, esquire, in Shendley, 260/. per annum ... ... 1 horse. William Jessop, in Shendley, 100/. ; Mr. Gifford, in Shendley, 120/. ; Charles Chamberlyn, gentleman, in Ridge, Shendley, and Theobald Street, 105/. ; Mr. Lawson, in Theobald Street, 100/. ; Edmond Anderson, esquire, in Shendley, 110/. per annum 1 horse. Sir Edward Turner, in Ridge and Theobald Street, 100/. ; John Smythe, in Aldenham, 150/. ; and Christopher Goodfellowe, esquire, in Theobald Street, 250/. per annum ... ... ... ... 1 horse. Henry Coghill, Esquire, in Bushey, Aldenham, and Theobald Street, 518/. per annum ... ... ... 1 horse. Sir Richard Anderson, in Aldebury, Tringe, and Wig- gington, 760/. ; Mr. Wilford Clarke, in North- church, 200/. ; and Mr. Gilpin Clarke, in Aldebury, 100/. per annum ... ... ... ... ... 2 horses. ''Newes out of Suethland ; or the coronation of the YOUNG PRINCE, GUSTAVUS AdOLPHUS, VERY HONOURABLY CELEBRATED AT UpSALIA, AN UNIVERSITY IN SUETHLAND, WRITTEN BY A GENTLEMAN AND A TRAVELLER". [XVII Century]. " To the right worthy and the true constant combiner of all worthie and honorable actions, Sir Harbottle Grimston, knight, barronett, happiness in this worlde, and, in the next, that eternity promissed. 106 " If, by this proportion of my small traveile, you valew it to bee grounded upon a welwishing which I owe you as a stranger, that thereby my expectation mighte not bee frustrated, I shalbe satisfied in the expectation I have of your complet curtesies to traveilers, which reporte applaudes to bee most generous and noble ; and in this hope, by a civil construction, to receive pardon, though I am the meanest of many, to satisfi your judgmentyes with any matter of merits. " What I have presented to your kind and laudable apprehension is mearely out of my love. If it passe but your liking, I shall doe you service in some greater measure, and rest yours in the severall offices of dutie and thankfullness. W. Portington. A copie of a letter sent from the Turke Emperour of Asia and the East unto Sigismond, King of Polland, being then at Versauia (Warsaw) in Polonia. ' Wee grette thee Sire, and doe let the knowe, by this our letter of imbassaie. that we offer mercie and safetie to thy cuntrie and person. If our imperiall salutation, inferiour to none, bee not sufficient to winne the to subjection and to acknowledg us to be archcommaunder of thie lands, provinces, territories, fortes, and castells, then must our big bond Turks and warlick Bashawes, mounted on stifle and sturdie Jannazaries, in royall armies, enter thy kingdome, to the meare depopulation and disparagment thereof, for bee assertioned, that if the least drope of our imperiall bloode be once moved to warr, or our royall commaunde vexed by violence or contradiction, we will then make havock of thy cuntrie and turne thie Pollish castels upsie turvie, the strength of thy lande, that no houlde shall keepe the from the furie of our high and mightie displeasare ; and let not our councell in this bee sleightly valewed or passed over with silence, but rather inter- tain'de with all princely acceptance, for if wee bee provockt by sterne and opprobrious defiances, our lettres canceld and wee rejected, then prepaire thyself to armes, make strong thy citie walls with rampers, bullwarks, barrickadoes, countersharfes and pallisadoes, get soldiers to save the from our warlick resolution, for we entend to throwe sulphure and balls of tier amongst thie strongest houlds and race theim do wen to the earthe ; and further, give the such a breakfast as thy mangled soldiours and theire wounded bodies, weltring in pooles of purple bloode, shall serve as festivalis for our woulves to feade upon, and wee our royall selfe will herein triumph, over thy dejected polls, sparing no infante nor any whatsoer'e that shall oppose theimselves against our high, mightie, and majestique sovereignties [Addressed to] ' Sigismondus, Rex Polonice, Magnus Imperator Russice, Suecice, Magnus Dux Lauannice et Levannice, Pommoranice, Velahinice, et Valatice? " After that the Pollande Kinge* had recommended the gover- mente of Suethlande, Leifelande, and Finnlande, and some parte of Laplande to Duke Carolus, his unnckle, hee takes his princely farwell of his dearest subjects, leaving behinde him many murnifull In the margin : * The King of Pollande leaves Suethlande and Lieflande and goes into Polonia. 107 hartes for his soden departure towards Cracouia, in Pooland, being cald thither upon urgent affaires touching the state publique, fearing that the Hungarians and ther neighbouring forces would invade his cuntrie, as by lettres hee received from the lordes of his highnes privie councell to that effecte, and therefore not to bee delayed for feare of invasion. " The King thus departed out of Suethlande. Hee landes with all safetie in Pooland, whose presence gave such greate content- ment to his subjects as the Turks bravadoes were but sleightly valored, and his sterne menaces litle esteemd. " The Duke, a man of ingenious apprehension for hostillitie and warr, pollitick and verie providente in the mannaginge of any warlick enterprises, being stronglie guarded with advice and ammunition, plotted how hee myghte advance himselfe from his peculiar dignitie, unto the state royall of a kinge, nether vallewing his afhnitie with his royall nephewe, the Kinge, nor the fidelitie of his chardge touching the administration of thes pro- vinces so princelie delivered to his protection. " He beginnes therefore, with severitie and bloodie stratagies (?), to enter into these businesses, his foundations being suerly ground upon pollicie and resolution, and therefore, by a private con- sultation of his dearest assistantes, hee calls a parliamente, and in the publique assemblie of all spectators, proclaimes himself Kinge of Suethlande, great Duke of Finnlande, Leiflande, and some parte of Laplande. "And such as did maligne his pretended resolution, collected from the censures of the greatest, ethor by waie of secret murmur- ring, or otherwise by open and scandalous reportes, should, according to the penaltie inacted, receive deathe, according to the mannor of Suethlande, first to be had to the racke benche and then to bee beheaded. " But some of the nobles, not willing to imbrace his usurpation, in respecte of the open scandalls that might for ever be imposed upon them, yeelded rather theire heades to the blocke then to bee the witnesses of soe barbarous an action, contrarie to all pietie and principalletie, and therefore not to bee tollerated without infamie and disparagmente. "The Duke, therefore, fearing that some soden insurrection mighte happen throughe theire stubborne disobedience, calls to memorie this French proverbe. Tue ta chamyse ne sacche na guise, let not thie sherte knowe thie secrett. Hee observes therefore the opinion of Valerius' secrecie, the surest meanes to prevent all prejudices, for by that course matters of greate weight mighte bee wroughte and without it, greate designments easilie croste. He committs therefore nine nobles to the Castle of Stockholme* to bee deteined close prisoneors, till ether they became conformed or otherwise, to receive deathe, but they, skorninge subjection, received death upon a scaffould, erected in the said castle, and that privatlie, which was sodenlie performed. In the margin : * The castle of Stockholme being the king's courte, a most famous hoald for uniformitie and strength, is all covered with copper : and likewise all the churches in the citie. 108 " Which doone, and once bruited abroade, drave into the eares of many thousands a terrour to the rest, that everie one were willing not onelie to take the othe of allegiaunce, but also readie, both in theire goods, landes, and lives, to answere all alaramme or desperate assaltes, which mighte disturbe the Duke's proceedinges, and the rather because the Polls* had formallie burnte many Dorpes and states in Leiflande by cruell invasion, and not only ravisht theire wives and deflowered theire virgins, but also de- populated that cuntrie, which of all others was most sumptuous, commodious and pleasante. " Thus farr, matters being effected with resolution, and verie suerlie combin'd with pollicie, hee was to bee invested in the throne of Majestie at Upsalia, t an Universitie in Suethlande, to which citie hee was accompained with many grave senatours and noble martiallists ; his coronation was princely celebrated and greate triumphes performed. "He mannagde many notable battells against the Polls in Lief- land, against the Rnssies in the Empire of Russia, and the people of Muscovia, being cald Muscaviters. In his warrs hee was fortunate, in apparell plaine, yet for many yeares hee governd thes provinces with greate happines to his subjects, and in the same chappellj where hee received his crowen, hee lieth now interred in a most princelie tombe of marble, jeat and brasse, where 25 Swedon Kings are likewise to bee seene, entombed in theire severall places, and monuments worthie of observation. " Gustavus Adolphus§ succeeded his father ; a prince of most seemelie personage, young and affable, armed with Ulisses', sheeld and Caesar's govermente, and as valiant in his interprises as the Carthegian Hanniball when hee wunne the battle at Cannas. As appearede the last sommer, in the warrs twixte Denmarke and Suethland, where hee behav'd himselfe with greate honor against all opposars, saving that the 2 castells,|| Ellsingborowe and Gould- burie, lyng in the outmost nookes of his cuntrie amongst the rockes, were surprised by the enemie when hee and his armie were otherwise imployed at sea, in burninge up certen villages and dorpes, border- ing upon the coast of Denmark and Norweigh. It were troublesome to relate the manner of the surprising of theim, being but weakely mand, when they were besieged, or to prescribe the order of the marche which the Dannish armie and our English voluntaries underwente from thence to Yin Kippin, being two hundred miles, with a resolution to beseeige it, but whether it was the extremitie of the marche, the bitternes of the aire, the nature of the climbe, or the imbicillitie of provision fitt for men at armes, I know not, but this is evidente and two probable, that most of our English soldiers died, many gentlemen of good In the margin : * The Polls have burnte much of Leiflande. In the margin : f Duke Carolas the usuper, late Kinge of Suethland, lies entombed in the chappell of Upsalia. In the margin : % In the chappie in Upsalia are twenty-five kinges interred. Upsalia an universitie. In the margin : § Gustavus Adolphus now Kinge of Suethlande. In the margin : || Gouldbarie and Ellsingburgho, two castells lying in Suethlande taken in by the Daines. 109 rancke and qualletie, troubled with extreme burning fevers, giddines in the braine, and strange sicknesses which, in pitie, was to be lamented, though, but litle valewed or regarded. " The Denmark Kinge, a princely martiallist and but too forward in hazard in the fielde, perceivinge his voluntaries to fainte, and seeing what had accidentallie hapn'ed, hee drawes out of the whole armie, consisting of 25 thousand or thereaboute, horse and foote, 16 muscateers and pikes such as were experienced for sea service, the rest were dismisst, by vertue of his patent, and conducted into Denmark to theire severall garrisonns ; the sicke, mangled and wounded soldiers to bee transported, some to Ellsinaure, and some to Copenshauen, and a nomber constraind to bee billeted amongst the Boores in Norweighe, which came for Englande. '•His navie being rigd and stronglie manned, hee bendes his course for Stockholme, the,, metropolitaine citie in Suethlande, with an intention to beseege it, and sailing thorowe the sounde of Norweighe hee comes by evenninge up the sheares, and veers ankar neare unto a forte called Vauxholms,* standing betweene 2 Ilandes, and 3 leagues from the citie, but the river, being there bridged over, intercepted his passage and therefore hee was constrained to attempte the forte with his greate shotte. " All that night hee ride at ankar, because of the pitchie darkenes of it ; but as soone as aurora beganne to peep, hee beganne to place stoutlie against the walls of the castle. " The forte manfullie, thoughe at that time but weakely manded, returnes him shott againe, and that with greate defiance as appearde by theire flagges flourishing upon the tope of the same hould. " This bickering con tine wed thundering for the space of 3 howers or thereabouts, till the reporte of the greate shott gave sommance to the Ilandes and the citie, who came trouping dowen in all hast, making good both the Ilandes and the river with strength of soldiers, that eyerie man was upp in armes to answere the enemie, and to defend the safetie of Suethland. "Notwithstanding the King of Denmark makes carrante his pretended resolution, and pursewes it verie hotelie, dreading no danger at all, loseing likewise no occasion nor advantage that might .... the encounter, hee was so fierie in revenge and so bente to atchive that which hee desirde. " Hee commaundes, therefore, upon equall consultations had betweene him and his noble captaines, to land 50 muscaters upon the east Ilande, which was performed in certen shalloupes for the better disco verie of the Ilande ; but an ambuscade of the enemye fell upon theim, and put the best parte of them to the sworde ; the rest retreated backe to theire shalloupes againe, and gave intelligence that the enemie were com'd dowen in multitudes, in so muche as there was no hope of honor to be expected, by reason of theire strengthe, and forcible powers, which were everie waie well appointed. In the margin : * Vauxholme, a castle standing upon the river for the defence of the citie, man'd by the Suedons. 110 " The King of Denmark, being advertised, held it not incon- venient, considering what had accidentallie happened, his purposes fnllie discovered, to take advantage of winde and weather, and fearing a worse accident then the former, hoysteth upp saile and heades his course backe againe to Elsineure and Copenshauen, and soe loeseth his expectation for sea service. " Seneca saith that the onely inexpugnable force of a prince is the loyaltie and love of his subjects ; for it is not the multitude of his commaunde, nor the abundance of his coigne and treasure, that supports his safetie and sovereignetie, but the true alleigance and faithfull obedience of his subjects, that defends both his person and cuntrie from all forreigne invasions and secret domesticke disturbances. " For where a soldier is compeld by servitude to folio we his leader or used with violence and contumelie, the captaine there standes in hazarde to loose both honor and life ; but when love com- maundes, or vertue persuaides, ether in the towen beseiged or in the feeld against the towen, to purchace victorie, resolution there wantes seldome tymes good successe ; for as the subjecte is the safetie of his prince at home, soe the soldier in the fielde is the honor of his captaine, both to defend and atchive any attempte answerable to honor or warr. " After this conflicte, the King of Suethlande comes upp the river accompanied with a most honorable crewe of valiante captaines and experienced navigators, and cominge under the skirtes of Stockholme hee was most princely entertained by the burgours of the citie, whereat the cannons mounted on the walls soundeth forth victorie on all sides. " Shortly after hee was to be crowned Kinge at Upsalia, the universitie for Suethlande, by vertue of a parliament which continewed three wekes, which coronation was most princelie celebrated, to his never dyinge memorie and memorable honor. The order of his progression to the coronation. " First wente on the gentlemen pentioners, 2 and 2 togeather, all clade in crimson velvit, stripte with gould lace, everie man having his cheaine of gould aboute his necke, theire halberds verie curiouslie fashioned, and neare unto the pointe of each halbard a crowen, exquisitely proportioned and fixte to the woode. " Then wente on the gentrief of the severall landes, such as were appointed to attende his highnes in theire severall habitts according to the order of the provinces, keeping the like observation in theire gate. " In the thirde rancke the lordes of his majesties privie councell proceeded on in theire robes of parliamente, lined with ritch Mascovia furr, theire names thus heighte : — Hans Grisson Lord Stathoulder. Severinn Ribbinn Lord High Treasurer. Oxel Oxelsterne Lord Chancelor. In the margin : * The castle of Stockholme is covered with copper, and likewise all the churches in the citio and most of the noblemen's houses. In the margin : f Sixty gentlemen pentioners. Ill Neeles Clayson Lord High Admirall. Edwarde Eversthorne Lord Stallmaster. Gilliam Gilliamsterne Lord Controuler. " After theim the young Duke wente on attired verie honorabely in his parliamente robes, attended with eighte pages, cladd in watchet velvit, stripte with silver lace, blacke hatts and yelowe feathers. " After Duke Carolus, the Queene sett forwarde attired like Phebe Flora or the huntriss, a ladie most beautifull and the quint-essence of nature's perfection, sister to the great Duke Vanholst in the cuntrie of Denmark ; she had supported over her a most ritch cannopie. "To attend hir majestie, followed after many worthie laidies of Suethlande and the other two provinces, butt so dillicatlie attirde, and answereable to the true fashion of thes cuntries, as was full of all elegancie and neatenes. "Before his majestie came the two bushopps of Scara and Vastena, supporting the crowen. " Then came on his majestie, with greate pompe and dignitie, like Marcus Aurelius, the Romaine emperoar, attended with many honorable gentlemen, colonells, captaines, burgomasters, and other of greate rancke and quallitie ; he had supported over him a most ritch cannopie whereon was his armes most artificiallie pourtraied in goulde and silver garnished with pretious stones of severall objects. " In the reare came on the captaine of his majestie's guarde, with a foote companie of gallant muscateers, attired all in Watchet cloth, guarded with silver lace,readie to give his majestie a volley of shott at his entrance out of the monasterie. " The Prince being set in the monasterie, the Queene, the young Duke, and all theire noble traine, there was delivered a most learned sermon, and after that an oration in latin, greeke, and hebrewe ; which finished, his highnes was ushered upp by his nobles to the cheaire of state and there crowened by the two bus- hoppes ; whereat all lowdly cried Vive la Roy, live longe Gustavus the First, our most royall and happie Kinge.' "His majestie thus princelie crowned, hee riseth of his cheaire, wishing no longer to live than hee mighte mainteine his owen sovereignetie and the publick weale of his subjectes, and so departes to dinner. " At his entrance out of the chappie hee received a most honor- able volley of shott, whereat the drummes beate, the trompitts sounde, and all triumphe for honor of this newe coronation. "The same daie at nighte there was performed strange and artificiall fier workes upon the river calde Zannie. " The next daie at nighte a lyon and a dragon were seene fight- ing on a rope artificiallie composde of certen mixtures as roson, pitch, brimston, gunpouder, wildfier, and such like, and after much bickering, they both vanquished [sic] in red to nothing by reason of the squibbes that flewe out on both theire sides. " On the thirde daie there was performed greate tilting and tournamentes with the barriours, but one amongst the rest having his beaver unbuckled received a hurte in the heade. 112 " On the 4th, 5th, and 6th daies, greate banquitting, feasting, and revelling, the Duke Van Saxee, being there a stranger, daunced with the Queene. " A maske performed on the 7th daie at nighte, by the Skotts, Frenche, and Swedons, being in nomber 24. The order of it : — " A Tartar was sente into the presence representing the majestick state of a kinge, who, presenting a crowen and a scepter to his majestie delivered this embassie : that there were certen Tar- tarians that craved accesse into the presence, which was graunted with all honorable sufferance. " The messenger returned, delivered to the maskers the King's pleasure. " The maskers were mounted, furnished with complet acutri- mentes, all cladd in red and white tinssell, hattes and fethers suitable, everie horse carving in his frounte a plume of white fethers. "Betweene the maskeers, two and two in rancke, rid a Tartar carving a burninge taper or a torche. Dismounting theimselves within the courte, they came upp into he presence, and instantly, upon a stande made, after theire severail homages doone to the King ; the first two drewe the rest into the forme of a ringe, and then doubling theire files, and ranckes answereable to the true decorum of the warrs, they singled theimselves out gaine, standing 24 in the forme of a file ; that doone some fell to dancinge and some to dicing. " After many exquisite and dilicate dances performed and much money wounne and lost, the maskeers departed. "After them came in certen ragged satyrs, playing verie musicallie upon severail instrumentes, and standing aloofe before his majestie in a rancke. Then appeared 22 Laplanders, all clade in the skinnges of wilde deare, with the heaire outwards according to the true habite and wearing of that cuntrie. They danc'd before his majestie, but in such admirable fashion, like so many antiques, and soe variable as caused the Kinge and all the honorable spectators to laughe hartilie. " This doone the Kinge breakes of and soe departes to his bed chamber. The next daie order was geven to make readie his barge to go dowen the river to Stockholme, where nowe, at this daie, hee lives in greate royaltie, happines, and tranquilitie, to the perpetuall comforte of his subjectes." Sir Samuel Grimston's Funeral. 1700, October 29. — Account for the funeral of Sir Samuel Grimston, performed by the Company of Upholsterers, over Exeter Exchange [in the Strand]. 2,000 large bullion nayles for Sir Samuel's coffin ; 8 pair large embossed handles ; a coat of arms and inscription, all gilt with gold : 3:0:0 For the hire of 330 yards bayse for mourning for the rooms, hall and passage, at Qd. per yard ... 8: 5: 40 yards narrow bayse for the church, at 12d. ... 2:0:0 113 2 setts of horses, 3 days at 35s. per day ... ... 10: 10: For a mourning coach for Sir Samuel's horses, 3 days : 10 : Coverings for ye herse, and housings for the horses of velvet, and 17 plumes of feathers for the herse and horses ... ... ... ... ... 4 : 10 : A velvet lid, and plumes [of] feathers on the body, and a rayle covered with velvet and plumes of feathers round the body 1 : 10 : A velvet pall the whole time ... ... 1:10:0 20 silk escucheons for the pall and state room, at 5s. 5:0:0 2 dozen buckram escucheons, verged with silver, at 2s. U 3:0:0 2 dozen ditto, un verged, at 2s. ... ... ... 2:8:0 12 shields and 6 shafferoons for the herse and horses 2:5:0 6 dozen paper escucheons for the house and church, at 12s. 3 : 12 : 2 achievements for both houses, with frames covered in mourning, and putting up ... ... 8: 0: For ye use of candlesticks and sconces ... 1:0:0 22 lbs. wax lights and tapers, at 2s. per lb. ... ... 2:4:0 6 scarfes for pall bearers, 36 inch wide, at 12s. ... 3 : 12 : 2 ditto for ministers, at 12s. ... ... ... ... 1:4: 46 best hatbands for mourners, ministers, and gentlemen at 4s. ... ... ... ... ... 9:4:0 65 hatbands for tenants and servants, at 3s. ... 4 : 15 : 21 pair men's shamy gloves for mourners, pall bearers, and ministers, at 3s. 6d. ... ... 3 : 13 : 6 47 pair Norway doe, pricksiam (?), drawn, topt, at 2s. 2d 7 pairs, lblack glazed, topt, for servants, at 20d. ... 1 5 pairs women's black j essamy , at 20d. 5 dozen, 10 pair Cordivant, at 24s. per dozen ... 23 cloacks the whole time, at 3s. each 2 porter's gowns and staves 3 postillion's coats 8 bearers' gowns and staves 2 men to hang the house in mourning, etc., 9 days at 2s. 6d. per day each ... ... ... ... ... 2:5:0 A saddle horse for one of them, 5 days ... ... ... : 15 : 2 men more to attend the funeral, 3 days ... ... 0:15: 126 printed tickets for company 0:7:0 For Mr. Freeman's attendance, his horse hire, and expenses ... ... ... ... 1:0:0 1:10 8: 4 4: 6 0: 9: 7: 9: 0: 0:12: Total ... 106: 6: 2 Receipt on the back, dated 15 August, 1702 ; the money being paid by Sir William Luckyn by the hand of Mr. John Cowper. 114 V Staircase at Gorhambury. [1700 circa]. — Estimate for a stair-case to be erected at the manor house of Gorhambury for William Grimston, Esquire. The stair- case to be erected will rise out of the south side of the hall at the upper end, next the chapel, to the floor of the dining room above, as it now lies, viz,, two flights of stairs of eight steps each and two half paces, one at the end of the first flight and the other level with the dining room floor, where the dining room door is to be made ; all to be made of good oaken wainscoat, viz., treads, risings, rails, ballisters, and brackets, and also to be wainscoated rail height with oak and pilliasters answerable to the columns on the rail worke ; the under part to be wainscoated down to the floor, as also that part of the ceiling under the upper halfe pale with the same oaken wainscoat, viz., bead worke and the pannells raised, the dining room door to be the same with architrave on both sides carved, and shutters and linings to the two windows on the stairhead, all oaken wainscoat. The ballisters, braketts, rails, and cappings of the wall worke and architraves under the stairs with the columns are to be carved. " The chappell door is to be sashed with 2 inch and half stuff, from the middle rail upwards ; bottom to be bead worke and pannells raised, with a deal door next the hall to slide up in the partition, and those pair of doors that are now in the chappell to be putt into the parlor partition underneath the stairs, and the steps to be made from the hall floor down to, the parlor with old treds that are now at Gorrhambury." St. Albans' Election. 1710. — Bundle endorsed " Noats for money borrowed of Mr. Grimston by the freemen at St. Albans' first election." There is a similar bundle for the third election in 1714. The Duke of Marlborough to Mr. Grimston, at Gorhambury. 1713, August 6. Frankfort. — "I have received the favour of your letter, and I am sorry to find there shou'd bee any struggle to chuse a stranger for St. Albans, rather then so honest a gentleman as your self, and who will have so considerable estate from your ancesters, that for so many yeares spent so much money, and did so much good in that town. I hope still that you will have a majority in the next ellection, and I have inclos'd a letter to Charles Middelton to go to every body that he thinkes may bee influenced by my earnest desires, and, if I were upon the place, I should take all occations to shew my great concern upon your account." W[illiam] G[rimston] to Mr. Bothomley. 1717, November 5. — " The friendship I have received from you during our long acquaintance deserves a more than ordinary 115 regard, and I have so just a diffidence of my own judgement that I am easily influenced by the opinion of those who are not imposed upon by false representations. I ought not to immagine my interest at St. Albans of any consequence to Mr. Jennens's [Jennings'] election, after the Duke sent me word, in a letter wrote by Mr. Jennens, that he took a great deale of paines to chuse me, when my interest was very little. I am extreamely at a loss to know when that time was. All the favour and support I have ever received was only promises, which I shall not easily forgett, as long as my election bills, upwards of 2,000?., are fresh in my thoughts ; as to future elections I take no imediate care of them. "To gain esteem and friendship in the world is always to act honourable and pursue the true interest of the publick, which I have hitherto done, and resolving to persevere will, I doubt not, strengthen my interest and increase my friends, besides living constantly amongst them, and my incumbrancess wearing off I shall be able to defend my self for the future without putting my Lord Marlborough to the paines of chusing me. "Sir, lam sattisfied the mayor and aldermen have promised their interest for Mr. Jennens ; if they alone can bring him in, they deserve to be rewarded with something more than promisess, but I doubt theire expectations will not be easily satisfied. I freely and readily declare there is no gentleman I have a greater value for than Mr. Jennens, nor I cannot offer my assistance where it could be so well deserved. But when I reflect on the treatment I have mett with from Winsor Lodge it raisess a spiritt and indignation in me, as I have not been used with that regard that is due to me. "I am not so tame nor inconsiderable to pass by what the Duchess was pleased to declare very lately in writing, viz. : that my first letter to Mr. Jennens was an insolent, saucy, foolish letter, which I am free the world should judge of if they think proper to shew it. You mention in yours the capacity and inclination the Duke has of serving me, but from either I must expect nothing ; for the Dutchess, in a letter dated the 3rd of August last, declared that it was not in her power to doe me any service, and Mr. Jennens sent me word very lately that the Duke and Dutchess think any prior promise from them would look like extortion and^not becomeing there honor to give. " But this is not in any degree the cause of my present resent- ment, for I shall ever prefer the publick interest to my own private affaires ; but while they continue to think me insolent and sausy I can't, in common justice to myself, think of joining in the Duke's interest. Therefore I see no likelihood of uniting and bringing things right in order to establish a firme interest in the burrough, unless Mr. Jennens will give himself the trouble of removeing these unjust reflections ; when that worck is over I will then freely and readily declare for Mr. Jennens." St. Alban's Election. 1720. — The case of Viscount Grimston and Joshua Lomax, petitioners, against William Clayton and William Gore, the sitting members. Printed. 110 J. Pembroke to Viscount Grimston. 1721, August 29. St. Albans.— " In my letter of the 9th inst. I acquainted you with the progress made towards obtaining a commission for Charitable Uses for this place, and have now to tell you that yesterday I received the commission, by my brother, under the broad seal, directed to the Duke of Marlborough, Earl Cooper, Lord Viscount Grimston, Sir Thomas Pengelly, Sir John Austen, and about forty-eight gentlemen, more in the commission of the peace for the liberty and county, all of them very agreeable, in which is included your lordship's whole list. Some enquiry was made at my Lord Chancellor's, it is thought, to have had some addition of, or alteration of names, but to no purpose. "Last week my Lord Chancellor, by his secretary, sent my brother word he had a complaint against me, and would see him thereupon. As last Monday was sennight I thought it proper to be in town on the occasion, having before been acquainted that Lomax had given himself the awkward air, the Saturday before, of saying he had been with [the] Lord Chancellor and his power was superior ; he had told him I had abused him and hanged his dog ; but at last owned my Lord Chancellor would first talk with your lordship. " This day sennight my Lord Chancellor did my brother and self the honour to send for us up into his closet, and delivered himself to me to this effect : ' Sir, I have received a complaint against you from Mr. Lomax, but have forgot the purpose thereof, having mislaid the paper, and therefore must ask you in what you may have disobliged him.' " I told his lordship I was at a very great loss to think what I had done to occasion that gentleman to break in upon his lordship's important minutes by any complaint against me, which I was assured had no manner of foundation, but in ye malicious and wicked disposition of his own mind, who had pursued me in my private, and now in my public station with ye most unjustifiable revenge ; that I was ready to guess Mr. Lomax was vile enough to approach his lordship with so great an untruth as to say I had pinned out my waistcoat and hanged his dog. ' Yes,' my lord said, ' that was the effect of his complaints.' After I had my lord's leave, he condescended to hear me relate ye whole fact, and was astonished to hear, it was not my warrant, that I did not award execution, and that there was reason to think it was not Lomax's dog, for my Lord Chancellor repeated the question over : ' And pray, Sir, was it my Lord Grimston's warrant by virtue of which this dog was seized, and the course of his lordship's administration thereupon by which he was hanged ? To which I replied : ' Yes.' My lord said little more excepting that I had acted very honourable in the affair ... I after- wards, with Mr. Brooke, supped with my lord's secretary . . . My unfayned thanks for your present of venison which was extraordinary good, and my prayers for your complete restoration by the Bath." 117 St. Albans' Charities. [1721]. Petition to the Lord Chancellor by Nicholas Bradwin, Samuel Timmes, Michael Turpin, John Livinstone, William Ruth, Thomas Hollis, James Hill, John Sparling, John Rudd, and Daniel Baxter. The petitioners state that divers messuages, lands, tenements, and herediments, rents, revenues and sums of money have been formerly granted by several pious (sic) disposed persons unto the mayor and aldermen of St. Albans and to divers other persons upon several charitable uses, to be employed and disposed of within the said town and the liberty of Saint Albans and the county of Hertford. They have great reason to believe that the rents of the said several lands, tenements, and hereditaments, and the said revenues and sums of money have not been employed according to the several charitable purposes and designs for which the same were given, but have been con- cealed and misapplied. They therefore pray that his lordship will be pleased to award a commission of Charitable Uses to enquire of the said charities and the management thereof, directed to John, Bishop of London, William, Viscount Grimston, Sir John Austen, bart., William Bucknal, Thomas Arris ( ? ), James Cooke, Lewis Newnham, William Briscoe, Molineux Robinson, Thomas Pembroke, Jacob Whitewronge, Joshua Pembroke, and Charles Strahan, esquires, Christopher Packe, doctor of phisic, Edward Strong, gent., Joseph Eccles, gent., and James Handley, gent. St. Albans' Election. 1721. Case for Viscount Grimston and Joshua Lomax, petitioners, against William Clayton and William Gore, the sitting members. Commences : " St. Albans is an ancient borough and by prescription hath a right to send two burgesses to parliament," etc. The history of the town, its charters, etc., is set out, and the document continues " At the last election for this borough, the 21st day of March last, Viscount Grimston, Joshua Lomax, esquire, William Clayton, esquire, and William Gore, esquire, being candidates, Mr. William Carr, being mayor, early promised his friendship to Lord Grimston, one of the petitioners, and in public declared that no consideration should influence his conduct to act an unfair or illegal part ; that it was his judgment [that] he that made an honorary freeman ought to be hanged ; and that he was resolved to die with a fair character. And yet, a few days before the said election, he was prevailed upon to enter in the most arbitrary and illegal measures, with his brethren, against the rights of the town and the interest of the petitioners, and yet, at the same time, the said mayor publicly owned he knew he acted an unfair part, but they were resolved to distress the court. A great duchess had sent him word it would be a Tory parliament, which, with her interest, would bring him off. "The said mayor with his brethren, knowing the behaviour of the petitioners in the last parliament was such as recom- ii8 mended them again to the affections of the inhabitants, and that their near residence to, and great interest in, the borough (their estates lying near the town) had caused a considerable influence on tradesmen. The petitioners being gentlemen that deal much in the town and pay well, they despaired of putting up two strangers with any success against the petitioners, unless some considerable number could be raised for their service. Accor- dingly, at midnight, the mayor and his brethren, in concert with others and enemies to the constitution, held a court a few days before the election, and at the result thereof the mayor, being post-master, sent post-horses into the adjacent counties and towns to give notice that all persons that had a mind to serve the sitting members, if they would repaire to the town hall in the said borough, they should be made free gratis. Recruits coming in a great pace, a court of the said mayor and aldermen was called the same day, against the express words of the constitution and, by adjournment, continued to hold the said illegal court till they had registered about 200 auxiliaries, consisting of about 40 persons, some gentlemen, divers servants and persons from unknown places, who never before saw the town, and only on the election day since, when men that had no votes were armed with clubs and staves by the said mayor directly out of his house, and did assault and knock down good subjects. The word was given out ' Down with the Rumps ! Down with the Roundheads ! No King 'George's Justices!' ['The King shall enjoy his own again.'*] " The said mayor, being judge of the poll, admitted more false votes than there are inhabitants in the town for the sitting members, and refused to admit legal votes for the petitioners that demanded their poll. The said sitting members had a majority on the poll." Following this, is a note of various facts which different witnesses will prove. Amongst them, that the present set of aldermen have declared that the inhabitants of the town should no more have the liberty of electing burgesses ; they having made about three hundred honourary freemen, and would make a thousand more on occasion ; and that those they had already made were not to tread or inhabit, but only to out-vote the inhabitants at elections. To prove the partiality and unfairness of the court of the mayor and aldermen in relation to several friends of the petitioners who, though they had a right and came to the said court and demanded their freedom, yet were denied to be admitted because they would not promise to vote for the sitting members, and, at the same time, admitted others and recorded them as made free by copy or indenture, whereas they had no pretence to either. To prove that William Carr, mayor, returning officer, owned that his making great numbers of foreign freemen on purpose to vote for the sitting members was both unjust and unlawfull, but that he was under the command of the Duchess of Malborough, who would bear him out. [This to be proved by Mr. Bradwin]. * This sentence is added in another hand. 110 To ptove the riotous behaviour of the agents of the sitting members before and at the election. That the cry was " Down with the Roundheads ! No King George's justices ! " That the petitioners' persons were assaulted out of the houses of the late mayor and present mayor ; the windows of several of the inhabi- tants were broken, and the mob was encouraged by Mr. Gape, junior, who, with his drawn sword, begun the riot on the election day, and caused the music to play " The King shall enjoy his own again," and the meeting-houses were threatened to be pulled down, and many outrages committed. [Eleven witnesses are to prove these things]. [Details as to the poll here follow, which show a majority of legal votes in favour of the petitioners]. " There being so considerable a majority already proved for the petitioners, the said petitioners are willing to decline at present any further disqualification of votes which they can prove by threats, and bribes were procured against them ; but if the sitting members' councel refuse to confine their defence to the before- mentioned list, then the case as to bribery is as follows, viz. : — " The sitting members, or their agents, perceiving they had very much disobliged the inhabitants by making foreign freemen and threatening them that they should never more have votes, and apprehending the parliament would set aside their pretended freemen, came to a resolution of bribing every inhabitant and legal freeman that would receive the same and promise to vote for the sitting members, and a public office of bribery was fixed at the town clerk's house, and as agents abroad fixed the prices, the party agreeing went to the said office and received the same, signing a note in the following or like words : — ' Received, March 14th, 1721, of Thomas Gape, esquire, ten pounds ten shillings, upon the consideration that I am to vote for William Gore and William Clayton, esquires, at the next election of burgesses in parliament for the burrough of St. Albans, and I do promise to repay the same again if I do not vote as aforesaid. Witness my hand.' Which notes were usually witnessed by the town clerk and his servant. The number of notes so given and electors who thereupon were influenced and did vote for the sitting members were upwards of 150, as the said town clerk hath acknowledged ; which being deducted from their poll reduced them to less than 100, and, indeed, so notorious and public was the bribery which the agents of the sitting members carried on that the particular sums the electors received, and at whose hands, was matter of public conversation, insomuch that the bribed made no scruple to give as a reason why they could not vote for the petitioners, viz. : That they were listed by such an one for such a sum to vote for the sitting members. " George Watts will prove that he received by himself and wife fifteen guineas : five of her Grace the Duchess-Dowager of Marlbro' and ten of her servant, Charles Middleton. "Walter Kent, senior, will prove that he and his two sons received eighteen guineas and an old bill of the said Mr. Middleton for their votes." 1-20 A Canal. 1722. Map of a new cut from the river Colne, near St. Albans, to Hanover Square. The " explanation " sets out that the Colne from St. Albans, the Gade and Bulborne from Hempsted, and the Chesham water from Chesham, all join above Rickmansworth, and after having driven 36 mills " make there a vast river called the Colne." The proposed canal is to " take in Gultchwell springs before they run into that great river, the level of which springs is about 35 fott above the surface of Hanover Square." It is stated that the Colne would receive more water than Gultchwell springs afford, if the other springs which run into that river were opened and cleansed. 2 copies. Tax on Papists. 1723, August 13. At the White Lion., Bishop's Hatfield.— Minutes of a meeting of the commissioners for putting into execution the Act for granting an aid to the King by laying a tax upon Papists, etc. — Present, Joshua Lomax, William Prestley, and Joshua Pembroke, esquires. The said commissioners, being sworn, received the several presentments of the high constables of the several hundreds of the county aforesaid, made upon oath as under, of the several estates of Papists, viz., per annum in : — £ s. d. Braughing hundred — Lord Aston's estate ... 1250 : 06 : 02 Broadwater hundred — Rookewood and Standford 0041 : 00 : 00 Edwinistree hundred — John Francis New- port, esquire 0374 : 08 : 00 Dacorum hundred— Walter Bagnal 0050 : 00 : 00 Besides which, from the register of the clerk of the peace for the said county, the following estates appear to be in the possession of Papists : — £ s. d. Edwinistree hundred — Dorothy Brand's estate 0070 : 09 : 11 Odsey hundred— Handford's estate ... 0027 : 00 : 00 1813 : 04 : 01 Proportions settled by the said commissioners at the same time for the raising the sum of £0342 : 07 : 06, being ye sum fixed on ye said county by the said Act. £ s. d. Braughing hundred 0236 : 14 : 6 Broadwater hundred Edwinstree hundred Dacorum hundred Odsey hundred 0007 : 15 : 0083 : 07 : 0009 : 09 : 0005 : 02 : 0342 : 07 : 06 121 Ordered that warrants be made out pursuant to the said pro- portions for the assessors to bring ir their assessments accordingly, and to make a return of them on the 24th instant, at Charles Cole's, at the Duke of Marlboro's Head, in St. Albans, in the county aforesaid. Sarah, Duchess of Marlborough to Viscount Grimston. 1727, August 4. — " My Lord, I have had an account from St. Albans that Mr. Lomax's interest is so strong that your lordship and my grandson cannot be chose without spending and bribing to the amount of a thousand pounds. It is said that your lordship is willing to come into any proper messures. I suppose that means to bear half the expense. But when I was told that it would not cost about three or four hundred between Mr. Gower and me, I know it cost near five times the biggest sum to us alone, tho' I am satisfy'd there were several abuses in that by different people, And I have reason to believe that, should I consent to this, the same proposal would be increas'd in proportion. And therefore I am determined to have no more to do with this election. I think it better to keep the money to help pay the taxes that a single member can't prevent. This I think I ought to acquaint you with the minute I have taken my resolution, in return of your civility to me, and because I really think a man of your fortune, who inherits such a place from your ancestors, and that live so near St. Albans, ought to be chose in that borough without bribing or doing more than is proper for a man of birth in treating. And since I give it up entirely, if you manage it right, I should think you must be chose without trouble. All I fear is that some of the town may encourage somebody else to oppose you, to get money, upon its being known that I won't set up my grandson. However, I can do no more to serve you than to give you this notice and to assure you that I wish you success in the right way." Signed, S. Marlborough. Sarah, Duchess of Marlborough to Mr. Gape. 1729-30. February 27. — "The occasion of my troubling you with this letter is upon hearing by my Lord Grimston that Mr. Lomax is dying. His lordship seem'd to be disirous to serve me, which I thinke I might well expect from his lordship, but I found before he went away that he onely came with those professions to feel my pulse, and that his design is to set up his son, which I thinke would be very hard usage in St. Albans to my family. I design to set up the onely grandson I have now that is a commoner, John Spencer, who has a very considerable fortune for a younger brother, and I will make it as good as most elder brothers. I believe nobody more capable of giving me advice in that matter than yourself, and I have reason to believe that it will be sincere from what I know of your character and remember very well of your father's, and I hope you have no ingagement that will hinder m you from assisting me in this matter, which I shall always acknow- ledge as a great obligation. I can assure you upon my certain knowledge that my Lord Grimston has never failed in contributing his vote in all those grievous things which this nation is now oppressed with. Pray do me the favour to let me hear from you soon upon this affair." Endorsed : — " A true copy of the Duchess of Marlborough's letter sent to Mr. Gape, on the death of Mr. Lomax." Ed. Seabrook, Mayor, and the Aldermen, etc., of St. Albans to Viscount Grimston. 1729-30. March 12, St. Albans.—" Mr. Lomax's death occasions our want of a member to assist your lordship in the honourable House of Commons. Wee, having a great regard to your lordship's recommendation, and Mr. Gape's merritt, have unanimously agreed upon him to be our representative, therefore beg your lordship to forward the writt as soon as possible." Sarah, Duchess of Marlborough to Viscount Grimston. 1733, March. — " Marlborough House [St. Albans]. — It was a very unnecessary step in your lordship to make an apology for your standing at St. Albans. You have an undoubted right to offer your service to that or any other burrough, but I cannot imagine how you come to think to impose upon me by saying that you do not intend any opposition to the gentleman I recommend, when the fact is plainly contrary and stands thuc. Two gentle- men have long ago declared themselves candidates for that town ; great numbers of the electors have engaged one of their voices ; some to the one, some to the other of these gentlemen, reserving one voice for my recommendation. All this while your lordship did not declare yourself a candidate ; nay, you went farther and declared you would not stand ; but as soon as I recommended Sir Thomas Aston to the town, you then declared, and your lordship may assure yourself that I will support the gentleman I have recommended, which, I can with more truth say, is not in opposition to you, because I had no reason to believe you would stand when I declar'd for him. As to your saying you do it in compliance with the request of the electors, I am very well assured that no great number have asked it of you ; nay, I know further, that several, even of them who wish you well, think you have been ill advised to declare such a particular opposition to me at a time when the town of St. Albans hath great inclinations as well as some reason to oblige me." Endorsed — " A copy of the Duchess of Marlborough's letter in March, 1733, in relation to Sir Thomas Aston." R. Coningsby to Viscount Grimston. [1749]. — As to Egham fee-farm rent, I have procured for Mr. Humberston's perusal the old Land Tax Act in 1693, together with several determinations upon that Act by many of the great 123 lawyers of that time, all of which are unanimous in favour of allowing the land tax by the charity, to which he seems inclinable to comply, but has hitherto thought fit to put it off. Viscount Grimston to Mr. Barnby. 1769, November 11. — Offers to help him in any way possible, and to use his influence with [Mr. Pitt ? ], adding " I have always acted in parliament as an independent member, and therefore could not expect to be first attended to in my applications for favours for friends." L. Hudleston to Edward Walter, Bury Hill, near Dorking. 1773, October 20. — Apologises for the delay in making Miss Walter's watch. " The watch is ready and packed up for delivery to your order. If you choose to have it sent to Eury Hill, I will take particular care in regard to any mode of conveyance you shall think proper. I hope Miss Walter will not be displeased with its figure and outside. If it is not so fashionably flat as a French watch, it is as flat as is consistent with mechanical pro- priety in a repeating watch, which contains nearly three times the work of another. As to the inside, I can speak of it with more confidence, as there is not a single article but what is in part or altogether the work of my own hands ; and this is one reason why I cannot dispatch a watch as expeditiously as others who trust to the work of other men's hands without making use of their own. " If the young lady will not think me officious, I will, for her sake as well as my own, beg leave to offer a few general directions relative to the management of the watch. Though there can be no objection to winding it up regularly at one stated hour, there is no necessity for it respecting the going of the watch, only it may suit the lady's convenience. As to the placing it by night it may be either hung up or laid down, but, whichever position is fixed on, it should be constantly adhered to, as no watch whatever goes exactly alike in different positions. To set the watch the minute hand may be moved either backward or forward, it is indifferent which. To alter its going the silver plate in the inside should be moved by the little end of the key, bringing a higher figure towards the index in the cap to make it go faster, and vice versa. Moving the plate from one division to another will alter the watch's going about 2 minutes per day. This article every wearer of a watch should understand, as it is not uncommon to hear a watch's going complained of, when the fault lies in the wearer's altering the regulating plate at random. Miss Walter will find that it requires a pretty strong pressure to make it repeat, but this is necessary in a dumb repeater to make the blow the louder. I have made it strike rather quick because, as the cold weather comes on, it has an effect on the oil that will make it strike much slower. It may not be amiss to caution Miss Walter against the use of steel keys for they generally ruin the part they are applied to in winding up 124 the watch. Part of these directions may be superfluous, but I had rather that should be the case than omit anything essential. " The price of the watch (including enamelling, gold hands, and shagreen cases) is 80 guineas ; it may seem a large price, but I have the mortification to know that the makers of watches at 40 shillings get more per cent, than I do ; so little encouragement we have to make good watches. After thanking you for the generous advancement of £60, by my uncle, I hope it will be no indelicacy in me to add what I am sure Mr. Walter's goodwill would not wish me to suppress, that the remainder will be at present of great service to me. I have therefore taken the liberty to subjoin the following state of the account : — £ s. d. For the watch, 84 For the enamelled buttons, at 18 shillings each, ... 8 2 92 2 Please to direct to me at Mr. Keats, surgeon, in Parliament Street." The Earl of Salisbury to Viscount Grimston. 1774, June 8. Quickswood. — I have just received your favour in which you desire my interest at the ensuing election, but as I have long resolved not to interfere upon any account I cannot comply with your request. I have returned the same answer to three gentlemen who have before applied to me, and as my determination is invariable I thought proper to inform you of it. GORHAMBURY. 1775, September. — Account of Joseph Saunders, 252, Oxford Street, London : — £ s. d. To making working drawings for a summer house at Gorhambury, going down there and setting out ditto, etc 10 10 To surveying the house, giving instructions for shering (sic) it, taking the plans of it, etc. ... 15 15 To making designs for a new house at Gorhambury, making four drawmgs of ditto, etc. ... ... 52 10 £78 15 Thomas be Grey to Viscount Grimston. 1777, June 23. Chandos Street, Cavendish Square. — Lord Clarendon undertook to apprize you of a proposed meeting to be held at Norwich, on Wednesday, to set on foot a subscription for adding 21. per man to the bounty money already given for re- 125 cruiting the army in Norfolk. It is presumed this is perfectly constitutional and the best possible method to complete your strength to its full complement. The general subscription amongst the gentlemen is for 20 men 40?., some of superior rank and fortune give more ; some, but not many, have given less. May the county have the honour of adding your name to such a subscription ? If they may you may either send your commands by your steward, ordering him to appear there on your behalf, or by any of those gentlemen who will be present on the occasion, amongst whom your humble servant is one. Viscount Grimston to Thomas de Grey. 1778, 24 January. — It concerns me, however well I may wish the object (which I presume is peace upon proper terms with America) for which a subscription in Norfolk may be proposed, that I cannot immediately shew my approbation of the means of attaining it by attending a meeting in a county in which I am so little concerned. Such a measure might be of infinite prejudice to me in another county where I am more interested, and can give no weight to a subscription with you. Being of no consequence myself in Norfolk, no step that I can take either for or against the proposal can have any. When this is properly considered, and the situation in which I stand in Hertfordshire, your opinion will coincide with mine, that I do right in keeping myself independent of any engagement foreign to that county, and free to act there as occasion may offer consistent with the duty of one who is not only an Englishman but who is a sincere well wisher to the best interests of his country. Draft. W. Windham to Viscount Grimston. 1778, February 4. Melton. — I take the liberty of writing to you at the request of Mr. Edward Astley, Mr. Coke, Sir Harbord Harbord, and several other gentlemen, to express our hopes that we may have your name to a paper intended to express our dissent of the proceedings lately begun in this county, for the purpose of raising men for the service of the government. A copy of the paper is in the hands of Mr. Coke, in Hill Street, and I will have the pleasure of showing it to you as soon as I get to town. I am likewise to request your support to a petition now circulating through the county and addressed to the House of Commons, praying that they would go seriously into an enquiry into the causes of our present calamitous situation. I wish very much that we may think alike on these matters. Viscount Grimston to W. Windham. 1778, February 8. Grosvenor Square. — On my return to London yesterday evening I received your letter, and, as I should be always happy to acquisce in every desire of yours, it concerns me much that in the present instance my situation in another 126 county which has not as yet adopted any decisive measures, in which I am much more concerned than with you, prevents me taking any part in the business of Norfolk. I have had application from your opponents to add my name to their subscription, which I have answered in the same manner as I now am obliged to do yours ; that whatever my opinions may be of the present mode of management of our public affairs, Norfolk, in which I am comparatively so little concerned, is not the county for me to show them in. Lady Forrester to Viscount Grimston. 1778, March 3. Grosvenor Square. — I was very glad to find this morning you had altered your mind and was gone to attend the county business at Hertford, as I trust this step is a proof you mean to adopt the plan of consequence in preference to a more humble line of life. I must confess my pride would be much flattered to see a friend I am so nearly connected with taking an active part at a time when all men of property should, for their own country's sake, stand forth in support of government. I feel quite a womanish anxiety and curiosity to know whether you will stand for the county. Unite with Lord Salisbury and nothing can shake your interest. 'Tis for your mature advantage, and what he very much wishes, and I am certain will cordially give you his support. I must confess I think the loss will be yours if you decline this offer, as every man's consequence in private or public life depends on the connections he forms, for no man is powerful enough to be of weight unconnected. As to Lord S., he seems already to be in a very good line for establishing himself as an independent man who belongs to no party, but who means to have some influence in a country where he has so much at stake. Forgive me if you think I take too active a part on a subject I have nothing to do with, and believe it is my friendship for both parties that makes me wish for this union ; and as I know it too often happens in life that people decide in haste and repent at leisure, I must confess I wish you well to consider before you totally reject what can never again be in your power. Adieu, pray write me a line directed to Portland Street (where I return to-morrow) as I am impatient to know your measures, and should you return again immediately to town you may be too much occupied to call on me. Viscount Grimston to Viscountess Grimston, at Bury Hill, Dorking. 1778, December 6. Gorhambury. — I have not been in the house five minutes without hearing twenty complaints of the soldiers we have quartered at St. Albans. Some of them have beat Clark and all his family ; others have robbed two or three women on the road ; some have been . . . , and four for sheepstealing ; and I much fear they are not ignorant of the art of poaching. They are destined to America in the spring, and therefore they mean to prey upon old England till that time. 1-27 Mr. Coke to Viscount Grimston. [1778]. Hill Street. — Mr. Coke presents his compliments to Lord Grimston. He had the honour to wait on his lordship intending to acquaint him that there is a petition to be presented from the county of Norfolk to the House of Commons, and that there is a protest which met with the unanimous approbation of the gentlemen assembled at the Swan at Norwich, on the 25th of last month, to both of which papers it is hoped that Lord Grimston will give the sanction of his lordship's name. [J. Mervin Nooth] to Viscountess Grimston. 1779, November 23. New York. — " Taking it for granted that your ladyship has already received an account of our safe arrival at New York, I shall not repeat the tediousness of our voyage or the hair-breadth escapes which our fleet experienced before we reached the American coast. Since our arrival nothing has happened sufficiently important to deserve your attention, and (entre nous) we expect nothing great under our present commander. Nothing, surely, can be more shameful than our perfect inactivity through the whole summer and autumn. Not a single attempt has been made to annoy the enemy, although, exclusive of our sick, we have had full twenty thousand men in arms in the environs of this city ever since the arrival of the fleet from Europe. But it is unfortunately our fate to be commanded by a person that has no abilities to plan, nor firmness to execute, the most trivial military operation. " I don't by any means pretend to have the second sight, but I believe you must recollect that last spring I foretold the inglorious campaign we ought to expect under our adventurous knight. The campaign before Charles Town, some years since, was such a series of misconduct that it was not to be expected by [the] administration that this army would be better conducted by the same commander. For God's sake let us have a man of resolution or abilities ! It would, without doubt, be better to have those qualities united in the same person ; but to have an ignorant, capricious, irresolute commander is the excess of madness in administration, and will prwe, I am much afraid, the ruin of our cause on this side the Atlantic. As this will be sent by a private hand I shall enclose the late papers from New York, in which you will find some indirect accounts of a defeat of the French and rebel forces before Savannah in Georgia. "We are, as you may suppose, wishing with the utmost impatience for the particulars of the affair at Savannah, and likewise for the confirmation of the capture of some ships of the line by Admiral Parker's fleet in the West Indies. By the report of deserters from the enemy and refugees this signal overthrow of the French and rebels in Georgia has thrown the Congress into the greatest confusion, and the name of a Frenchman is execrated both by friend and foe throughout the Continent. May the divisions in Congress increase, and may 128 the poor deluded inhabitants of the country once more turn their thoughts seriously towards a reconciliation with our country. I believe you will think me sincere in this ejaculation. It is indeed my earnest wish to see an end to this ruinous and un- natural war. " When I last had the honour of writing to you I boldly promised to add to your collection of birds by sending some in the invalids' ships this autumn to London, but my arrival was too late in the year to procure young birds, which are the only ones that will bear confinement and the transportation to Europe. I have had many caught for the purpose, but they have all unfortunately died within a few days from confinement. I have, however, still a person on Long Island looking out for birds that have been accustomed to a cage from their nests, and if he is successful I will still try to transmit some to Grosvenor Square by the present fleet. " The last packet from Europe brought me a letter from my lord which, I confess, gave me spirits. It breathed a spirit of resolution and confidence in our own internal strength in Britain, and dis- pelled those melancholy ideas which our own inactivity in this part of the world and the certainty of a war with Spain had too much encouraged. Nothing certainly but domestic treachery can hurt us at home, and nothing but activity and vigour can ensure success abroad. "We earnestly hope that the next packet will bring us an account of the defeat of the combined fleets of Spain and France. Should Sir Charles Hardy be successful we shall soon see a reconciliation between Great Britain and her Colonies, and I own I still expect to see the arms of this country directed against France before the expiration of the year '80. It is with the utmost horror and detestation that the lower class of people on this continent speak of the French, and even the most inveterate rebels amongst them cannot help confessing their satisfaction on account of their total defeat at Savannah. "A day or two since, the brother of Mr. Cumming, in Bond Street, came within our lines from Albany where he has been imprisoned for these three years, and it is confidently asserted by him that it is the universal wish of the people to shake off all alliance with France. It must be said that the French have been truly un- fortunate in the attemp s on this country, and, excepting our late gallant defence in Georgia, we are more indebted to winds and weather for our safety than to our own activity." Viscount Grimston to Mr. Claridge. 1780, 24 December. Grosvenor Square. — The house to be let or sold, which you enquire after, was the residence of my father, is situated on the left in Upper Grosvenor Street going towards the park, next door to the Duke of Montrose's. It consists of three rooms on a floor, exclusive of the hall in which the staircase stands, one of which rooms makes a good bed-chamber ; over there are four good bedrooms, and the garrets are perfectly con- venient, and sufficiently large for the servants of any family that 129 such a house would suit. The kitchen and its contingencies are out of the house, connected, however, with it by the advantage of a covered way. There is stabling for seven horses, coach house contiguous, and I think every office that can be desired in good order. As your friend does not wish to purchase, I shall confine myself to the rent per annum, which will be 200Z., clear of all deduction. I have to say that the taxes are not exorbitant, the ground rent being only 13£., paid to Lord Grosvenor. There is some damask furniture, which may be had at a reasonable appraise* ment or left, as the person who takes the house shall prefer. The woman who lives in the house will shew it whenever your friend has leisure and inclination to see it. J. Mervin Nooth to Viscountess Grimston. 1781, July 18. New York. — "An extra packet sailing for Europe, I have seized the opportunity of writing to acquaint you that I this day met with an old acquaintance that was extremely happy to hear of your welfare. You must undoubtedly recollect Mr. Gale, whom the fate of war has this day brought in a cartel ship from Havannah. Pensacola is, we find, with its dependencies, in the hands of the Spaniards, and all our troops and friends prisoners, to be exchanged as soon as Spaniards or the allies of Spain can be delivered up for them. "The Americans, however, by the capitulation, are not to be considered as the allies of Spain, and are therefore not to be exchanged for the garrison of Pensacola. (i I have already offered my good offices to Mr. and Mrs. Gale, and shall be happy to be of use to them whilst they remain at New York. How long they propose staying here I know not, but it is to be supposed that they will take the opportunity of going to Britain by the first ship. New York, for many reasons, being by no means an eligible situation at present. As the last effort of an expiring congress, we are closely blockaded by the French and Americans and hourly threatened with a siege. We are, however, I believe, too strong to apprehend any serious consequences from the joint attempt of the rascals. By a vessel arrived from Virginia we hear that Lord Cornwallis has again defeated the rebel army under the Marquis de la Fayette. The victory was complete ; but what avail our victories in that part of the world ? We are not even now possessed of a single inch of ground more than is occupied by our troops. For my own part I never expect to see rebellion quenched by our present method of making war against the inhabitants of this country. We should depend on our navy for the destruction of their trade, and our troops, instead of running a wild goose chase after the rascals in the country, should be employed in occupying the most essential ports on the coasts to co-operate with the fleet in one intention. But alas ! it will not be an easy matter to prevail on the navy to destroy the American trade altogether ; a few, as in the smuggling trade, i 130 must be allowed to encourage others to risk their property on the ocean. " Our late naval commander, Admiral Arbuthnot, left us a few- days since in disgrace, his behaviour having exasperated all ranks of people against him. His departure was, of course, kept secret, and he had the mortification to leave this country without a single line of that fulsome flattery which generally appears on such occasions. He is succeeded in command by Admiral Graves, whose activity, we hope, will make amends for Arbuthnot's misdeeds. As we have hitherto been greatly disappointed in our commanders, our hopes are not at present very sanguine; bub we know this for certain, that, unless our ships are better employed than they have for some time been, the trade between New York and Britain will soon be annihilated, and, of course, the whole American trade with the mother country destroyed. " By a Mr. West, a Dorsetshire gentleman that some weeks since left New York, I had the honour of writing to Mrs. Walter, and encouraged by her former kindness, I took the liberty of desiring her to get some garden seeds sent out to me either from Bury Hill or Gorhambury. Shall I beg the favour of your ladyship to favour her endeavours, as it is the most difficult thing in nature to prevail on the seedsmen in London to send new and good seeds ? The probability of the seeds being spoilt on the passage is always a sufficient excuse for the seeds not growing, altho' they had really passed their vegetating state before they were shipped for America. The best way to obviate the ill effects of the voyage is to pick the seeds in dry bottles well corked and packed in the dry est manner. " As I find by a letter from Mr. Turner that the trees and shrubs arrived safe, which I sent in the winter, you will oblige me much by giving me an account of their present state. It is with pleasure I anticipate the meeting of my old acquaintance at Bury Hill and Gorhambury, and propose to myself some satisfaction in con- gratulating them on having left the most capricious climate under heaven. In the fall I shall send another cargo of shrubs, having lately formed an acquaintance at the east end of Long [Island] that will furnish me with a greater variety that I could before procure." Hertfordshire Election. 1784, April. — Account of James Wood, of Hertford, for favours or ribbons, " distributed on behalf of Lord Grimston's election." A considerable quantity was also had by Lady Grimston and the party of ladies with her, " which was sent for by her ladyship and thrown out of the windows to the populace." Viscount Grimston to F. C. Searanke. 1784, July 12. Gorhambury. — The hardship in making a difference between the London and country brewer in the payment of the duty as mentioned by your letter, I believe, has been taken into consideration by the House on some former occasion. What arguments were used at that time to prevail upon the legislature 18.1 to continue that distinction, I know not. I shall endeavour to make myself acquainted with them, however, and if I find any possibility of procuring the relief which you wish, and which appears reasonable to me should be held out to you, I shall be very happy in being instrumental in the smallest degree in attaining it. Draft. Viscount Grimston to Sir John Sebright. 1784, September 27. — Mr. Hutchinson desired me to communi- cate to you an idea of his, of which he is very sanguine, namely the practicability of making a navigable cut from the Hertford river towards Hatfield, and of the importance such a means of convey- ance would be to the county on this side of it. The natural ques- tion which arose on this subject was, where the money would be found. In answer to which he vows that, for the most part, he, with the assistance of his friends, can make that easy, provided his scheme shall be complied with. I find that Mr. Hutchinson has made this business much the subject of conversation, having pro- posed it to many gentlemen that he thinks will be naturally interested in it and, as he says, give encouragement to it. What- ever may be the event of such an undertaking I fear that the present expense of the Hertford river, with the increased one from thence to Hatfield, and the distance of the land carriage to us to be added to it, will prevent our receiving much benefit from it, and still less to your part of the county in proportion to your greater distance. GORHAMBURY. 1784, October 20. — " Took possession of our new house at Gorhambury on this day, after having been employed in building it seven years the second of last month. — Grimston." John Kent to Viscount Grimston. 1785, January 5. St. Albans. — "Monday evening both Mr. Gapes attended the club, and when the motion was made opposed it as far as related to the Lords. Mr. Cowper was proposed with them ; against him no one objected. The reasons that was (sic) urged was very satisfactory to Mr. Osborn, who desired that a minute might be entered in the order book, where we inserted the following order : — This night the Earl of Salisbury and Lord Viscount Fairford, with Alderman Cowper, were proposed by John Osborn, esquire, as members of this society ; the objection made in the committee was, as this society was established upon true constitu- tional principles, that formerly Lord Spencer was proposed and many of the society upon that left it, and therefore the committee think it is foreign from their constitution to admit any peer of the realm into it. This was agreed on unanimous in the committee. There was a large club and very thankful for their half crowns they received ; drank your lordship's good health with many huzzas." 132 Viscount Mountmorres to Viscount Grimston. 1785, August 4. Dublin. — After my best acknowledgements for the pleasant day I spent at Gorhambury, the recollection of which alleviated the unpleasantness of a solitary journey, I obey your commands by troubling you with a line upon the present disposition of the country. I find all ranks of men indisposed to the adoption of the twenty propositions though, for reasons not as yet apprehended in England or discussed in parliament, an omission of Mr. Grattan's amend- ment to the original 11th proposition for equalizing the revenue and establishment, which, you know, never was so much as men- tioned in the House of Commons of England, seems to be the leading feature in the debates of the House of Commons. As for ours in the Lords I refer you to a newspapers in which they are accurately taken, and which I enclose. As public matters will subside for some time in England I cannot expect much information from you, but if you have a leisure moment I shall beg the honour of a line as below on private intelligence, such as about Lord Salisbury's next public day ; whether the northern star, the angelic countess, has yet made her appearance in Hertfordshire ; who is the now talked of as the happy ; and how Lady Grimston and Lady Forrester and the ladies at Gorhambury are. They expressed a desire to know how I appeared in the House — conjecturing my party from my dress. A trivial incident is worth marking when honoured by their comments, and I request your lordship to lay me at their feet in a volunteer uniform. On the 11th of August the two Houses meet again. I shall trouble you with a line upon the event. My address is at the House of Lords, Dublin. Sunday Schools at St. Albans. 1785, December 19. — At a meeting held this day in the Town Hall, St. Albans, to consider the expediency of establishing Sunday schools in the town, presided over by Lord Grimston, it was resolved that the establishment of such schools, supported by voluntary contributions, in the several parishes of this town, distinct and independent from each other, would be " highly proper," and might " serve to promote an early habit, among the lower class of inhabitants, of attending church ; " give them " additional opportunities of learning the duties of religion ; " and so tend to the suppression of " idleness, ignorance, and immorality." At a meeting of the subscribers to the charity schools at St. Albans, it was intended to move a resolution to the effect that these schools have had a most beneficial effect, and that it be recommended to the collector or collectors of subscriptions for their maintenance that they exert themselves to procure the discharge of the arrears due on such subscriptions and endeavour to gain an increase to the funds. 133 Ware. [1786, February 26]. — Memorandum by Viscount Grimston of his letter to Mr. Byde, " informing him that I had mentioned to Mr. Pitt the circumstance of the acquittal of the Ware people as a confirmation of the truth of our declaration that they had been extremely ill used." Viscount Grimston to Edmund Malone. 1786, June 19. Gorhambury. — I shall be very happy in having it in my power to contribute in the slightest degree to the embellish- ment of the work which you have in hand by offering an engraving to be made of my picture of the Earl of Southampton, and I should be still more so, could I permit it for that purpose to be removed from Gorhambury, but having, from motives of prudence, frequently refused similar applications, you will excuse me in requesting that you would rather send an artist hither to take the drawing than to subject me to the charge of granting a favour to one which I have so often denied to others. Addressed : Queen Anne's Gate, London. . I Robert Barnby to Viscount Grimston. 1786, July 10. Baldock. — " With all possible respect permit me to address a few lines to you, to inform you, in part, of what I have suffered in your lordship's cause at and since the last election. I will endeavour to do it in as concise a manner as possible, not to take up too much of your time. Capt. Taylor waited upon me for my vote and interest in your favour ; I immediately promised both and actually carried four or five votes besides my own. " This being known, the principal inhabitants of the town and gentlemen in the neighbourhood repeatedly called upon, and endeavoured to persuade me to recede from my promise, but in vain. They threatened to take away their business and, to use their own expressions, to dye my white ribbands black. I answered, ' I would live upon barley bread before I would break my word.' However, I suffered pretty severely for it. They imme- diately encouraged a young apothecary who had just set up in the town, by which means he was able to stay in it, and I should have absolutely been ruined had they not had a good opinion of my abilities in my profession, and [had I not had] a little money to build me an house, as I was turned out of the house I had lived in fifteen years, very soon after the election, and have reason to think it was in consequence of it. ' ' You may possibly ask me, why I did not write before. I answer I waited a reasonable time after the election, supposing you might have a deal of business upon your hands, and until I had a son sufficiently educated to plant out in life. I now beg the favour of your interest for him in any place or department where you have interest. He is now fifteen years of age and has had a good education." 134 G. R. Minshall, deputy-clerk of the peace for Bucks, to James Payne, clerk of the turnpike meeting. 1786, October 6. Aylesbury. — The bridge of Great Marlow having been presented by the grand jury, and application having been made to the court of quarter sessions for a contribution from the county for the repair of it, the bench have directed the neces- sary steps to be taken for enquiring into the nature of the claim on the county, but, having observed a notice of an intended application to parliament for enlarging the term under which the toll is levied at the Marlow and Bisham gates, and conceiving that parliament may think it reasonable that some proportion of this should be assigned towards the repair of the bridge [the magis- trates] have directed me to apply through you to the trustees, in order that no time may be lost in settling this business in case the county should appear to be legally charged with any part of the burthen. The gentlemen, therefore, who act as trustees, are desired to apprize the bench whether they mean to propose any and what contribution to this object in the new bill which they offer to parliament. Copy. Appended are (1) Draft of a bill to renew the term and enlarge the powers of the present Act of Parliament, having been prepared and read by the clerk agreeably to the order made on the 26th day of August last, together with a letter from Mr. Minshall, deputy-clerk of the peace for the county of Bucks ; and (2) an order that the further consideration thereof be adjourned to the next general meeting to be held on Saturday, the 11th day of November next, at the Upper Crown Inn at Great Marlow, at 11 o'clock in the forenoon. Nathaniel Hall to Viscount Grimston. 1788, June 27. Mount Pleasant, Exuma. — It is with pleasure I can acquaint you that the culture of cotton increases rapidly in these islands, and that this year upwards of eighty tons has been made on Exuma, where we have also not less than 80,000 bushels of large grained salt ready for exportation ; notwithstanding which we are hitherto without a port of entry, to the great detriment of the revenue, navigation, and individuals, as the expense of going to Providence to enter and clear vessels has in more instances than one exceeded the price of a cargo of salt. I presume this evil requires only to be known to be remedied. Having received repeated assurances from home that something shall be done for me, I hope it will not be long ere I am honouied with an appointment ; in the meantime I am exerting my best endeavours to repair my past losses, by cultivating cotton, having purchased land for that purpose on this island, where I am now fixed, and shall be very happy to meet with opportunities of rendering you every acceptable service in my power, by furnishing you with any of the productions of those islands. J. Page to Viscount Grimston. 1788, December 2. King's Arms, Berkhampstead. — Acquaints him that he has been elected a member of the Berkhampstead Club. 135 Viscount Grimston to John Osborne, St. Albans. 1788, December 19. Grosvenor Square. — You know that I am anxious that my own and my brother's conduct in parliament should meet with the approbation of those to whom we are so much indebted for our seats in that assembly as we are to the gentlemen of St. Albans in conjunction with my other friends in the county ; it is natural therefore for us to feel a wish to be acquainted with the general sentiments of the town on the late great question of the right which has been agitated, and sincerely hope that they coincide with those which influenced us to vote for the resolutions which were carried by a majority of 64. You have much friendly intercourse with the inhabitants of the place, and consequently are not unacquainted with their opinions on this subject, which I should be much obliged to you if you would communicate together with your own. Viscount Grimston to William Hall. 1788, December 19. — As I am anxious that you should approve of my conduct, and consequently feel a desire to know that you do so, I take the liberty of requesting that you would, in a few words only, send me your opinion respecting the great question, of right that has been agitated in parliament. You are not unacquainted that I am a wellwisher of Mr. Pitt and his adminis- tration, and I hope you are equally convinced that I would not upon any terms give any support to a grand constitutional question which I thought subversive of our commmon rights in compliance to any party whatever. Having asserted this, I shall add that my brother and self were in the majority the other night, and, the more I have thought on the subject, the more happy I am that I was so. If I may be permitted to guess your opinion on this subject I think, had you been in parliament, you would have added one more to our number. John Osborne to Viscount Grimston. 1788, December 20. St. Albans. — I believe you may depend that most of the inhabitants of this town is pleased with your lordship and Mr. Grimston voting, as they wish the present administration may continue, and that public affairs may not be left to a few artful and designing men. Viscount Grimston to the Right Hon. William Pitt. 1788, December 20. Grosvenor Square. — I have had the honour of receiving your letter requesting my attendance in the House of Commons on Monday next, when the debate on the third resolu- tion is to be renewed, and you may depend on my paying proper attention to it. I have also taken care to forward another letter from you to my brother, which I imagine to be on the same subject, and can make myself answerable for his appearance on that day. 136 Riot at Ware. 1788.— Abstract of the state of facts presented to William Plumer, esquire, and Lord Grimston on the oppressions of the excise officers at Ware. — At Ware there are 33 maltings which, communibus annis, make 1370 quarters of malt per week ; 70 men are employed in them. In October, 1787, Robt. Grand was appointed supervisor of excise in the town of Ware and the neighbourhood, and soon after, in concert with Samuel Veal, laid divers information against several maltsters in order to recover penalties, which appears by their complaint being so frivolous (sic.) the crown not having been injured ; nor has the maltsters gained any illegal profit. True it is that in the early stage of these informations two persons were convicted from the obligations the justices thought themselves under of adhering strictly to the letter of the statute, but not from the culpability of the maltsters, as appears from the penalty of 300L each being mitigated to thirty shillings. All the informations which followed were quashed by the justices at the county sessions. This conduct of the excise officers made them obnoxious to the people, who have hallooed and hooted them but never assaulted or obstructed them in the execution of their duty. On the 24th of September last the supervisor Grand, with the exciseman Veal and another officer, went to examine the stock of Worrall, a tallow chandler, and in so doing were hooted at. They pretended to be alarmed and insisted on having a guard home, and in so going home met with no other obstruction than in having a little street dirt thrown at them. On the 25th of September the supervisor and Veal made complaint to the commissioners of excise, on which, before any affidavits were made, the commissioners applied to the War Office for a military force. On the 26th Robt. Grand and Veal made affidavit in the King's Bench that they were obstructed in the execution of their office, which they followed by several other affidavits to the same import. The 26th of September a troop of horse entered the town of Ware, merely on the verbal report of the excise officers. In consequence of these affidavits judge's warrants were issued against many inhabitants of the town of Ware, which were executed by tipstaves alone, without making any application to constables, who escorted the prisoners to a magistrate by a detach- ment of the troops ; several of the prisoners were bailed, but one now lies in gaol in default of bail. Next follow the letters to and from the inhabitants of Ware and the justices in quarter sessions assembled together, with Mr. (sic) G. Yonge's letter and the justices' letter and resolution to them. These letters and memorials have produced no redress, the tipstaves having left a number of warrants unexecuted with the supervisor Grand. On the 4th of November, Grand, with a constable, whom he had appointed to attend him in order to execute these warrants, were at the Bull Inn at Ware, when he required a party of the military to assist him, on which the constable refused such assistance, declaring that there was 137 no necessity for it ; nevertheless the military did attend the supervisor in the execution of such warrants, which induced the inhabitants to apply to the commanding officer to know by whose orders such unconstitutional interference of the military was directed, who answered, by his order at the requisition of the supervisor Grand. Thus the inhabitants have been alarmed in so much that out of 33 maltings only 4 have been employed to this day. The petitioners assert that the Crown has received no injury, and therefore claim of their representatives their assistance in procuring redress. Signed by the principal inhabitants of the town of Ware, 2nd December, 1788. Mr. Plumer and I waited on Mr. Pitt with the above on the 18th of January, 1789, and requested on the part of the town of Ware that he would apply to the commissioners of excise to remove their officers, and to the War Office for the removal of the troops, and that there may be a speedy trial of the persons who have been held to bail under the judge's warrants. Correspondence, etc., as to placing armed troops at Hertford and Ware. 1788, October 6-10. — (1) Charles de Laet, chairman of sessions, to Sir George Young. The magistrates of the county of Hertford assembled this day at their general quarter session, having received information that a large body of armed troops have been introduced and stationed in the towns of Ware and Hertford, under pretence of preserving the peace of the said town of Ware, and having made every enquiry in their power on the subject of the said representa- tion, which they have the honour to enclose, together with the copy of the resolution which they have thought it necessary to come to thereon, desire to be informed by you at whose requisition and upon what grounds this measure so derogatory to the magistrates and so alarming to the inhabitants of this county has been adopted. Copy. (2) Resolution of the magistrates assembled in quarter sessions at" Hertford, 6th October, 1788, in consequence of a memorial presented to them from the inhabitants and parishioners of Ware : On reading a memorial from a numerous body of inhabitants and parishioners of the town of Ware to the magistrates of this county in quarter sessions assembled : Resolved that the intro- duction of a military force into the town of Ware, on Friday the 26th day of September last, under pretence of a riot having existed there, no such riot having in fact existed sufficient to justify such a proceeding, and this without any previous application to, or authority given by any justice of the peace or other civil officer of this county, was a measure highly unconstitutional and deroga- tary to the magistracy of this county and of the most dangerous tendency to the rights and liberties of the inhabitants of this county and of the subjects of this kingdom. (3) Letter from Mr. de Laet to the gentlemen of Ware, enclosing a letter from the Secretary at War ; answer to the 138 representation from the quarter sessions on the introduction of troops into the town of Ware. In consequence of your representa- tions to the justices of this county in quarter sessions assembled relative to a military force being sent to the town of Ware, I am directed to inform you that a letter was sent from the sessions to the Secretary at War requesting information from him on what grounds such military force was ordered to Ware. The Secretary at War's answer has been sent to me, which I have this day laid before the adjourned quarter sessions, and I herewith transmit to you his answer to me as chairman of the quarter sessions, as also the Commissioners' of Excise letter to him requesting the assistance of the military. And I am further desired to acquaint you that it is the opinion of the justices of the peace now assembled that, as it does not now appear from the letter written by the Commissioners of Excise that any application was made to any magistrate or civil officer of the county previous to the complaint of the Board of Excise, or that the same, if applied to, were insufficient to have quelled the riot alleged to have existed, such unconstitutional interference of the military requires the serious attention of all good citizens, and may well deserve the cognizance of parliament to whom the examination and censure of such proceedings properly belongs. Copy. (4) Letter from the Secretary at War to Mr. de Laet, dated War Office, 10th October, 1788. — I have received your letter of the 6th inst. transmitting the copy of a resolution of the magis- trates of the county of Hertford relative to the troops lately sent to the town of Ware. The enclosed copy of a letter from the Commissioners of Excise will show the grounds on which my orders were given on that occasion, to which I have only to add that it has been the uniform practice of my office to grant military assistance when required by the Commissioners of Excise or Customs for the aid and protection of the officers of the revenue in the lawful execution of their duty. Copy. (5) Letter from the Commissioners of Excise to the Secre- tary at War requesting troops to be sent to the town of Ware. The officers of this revenue station at Ware, in Hertfordshire, having been violently attacked by a riotous mob of people who assembled there and have driven the officers entirely away from the place, so that they are no longer able to do their duty or secure the revenue under our management in that town without the assistance of the military, we are therefore under the necessity of requesting, in the most earnest manner, that an immediate order may be issued for sending a strong detachment of soldiers to Ware to be ready to assist and protect our officers there in the execution of their duty. Copy. Petition from the Justices for Hertfordshire. 1789, February 10. — Petition from the justices of Hertfordshire to the House of Commons. They have observed that an Act was passed last session, entitled " an Act for the better securing the 139 rights of persons qualified to vote at county elections," and upon perusal thereof they are greatly alarmed at the heavy expense which will be brought upon the county should the Act be carried into execution, and they conceive that it cannot be carried into execution according to the strict letter without the greatest difficulty and inconvenience. They therefore pray for a repeal or amendment of the Act. John Cowper to Viscount Grimston. 1789, February 11. St. Albans. — Those justices to whom I showed the County Election Act were of opinion that our liberty, as well as all other liberties which had distinct commissions from the county at large, had nothing to do in the business directed by that Act to be pursued respecting the registering of freeholds, and therefore no return of the different parishes within the said liberty was made by me as clerk of the peace at the last Michaelmas sessions, which must and would have been done had they been of another way of thinking. I do not know what steps have been taken at the county sessions, but suppose that the same line of conduct should be pursued as in Essex, and that, if it should appear that all liberties are bound by the Act, that the liberty of St. Albans will have no objection of joining in the same measure. John Cowper to Viscount Grimston. 1789, March 15. St. Albans. — Asks his support of a measure which he hears is about to be brought forward for extending the Loughborough Canal to Leicester. Thomas Steele to Viscount Grimston. 1789, March 19. Treasury Chambers. — The Treasury have given directions to the Board of Excise to take the necessary measures for removing, without loss of time, the supervisor who has been lately stationed at Ware, and relying upon the assurances given by the gentlemen of that neighbourhood that the inhabitants are willing to suffer the revenue to be duly and peaceably collected in the mode prescribed by law and observed in all other parts of the kingdom, their lordships have ordered the troops to be immediately withdrawn from the town of Ware. But if there should "be any appearance of the like tumultuous disposition in the traders of that place, which has shewn itself on a former occasion, they will feel them- selves under the necessity of giving the officers of the revenue every assistance in their power in order to enable them to do their duty in security. The Quakers of Hitchin to Viscount Grimston. 1789, " 4mo, 7 " Hitchin.— " Esteemed friend : Being in- formed that the 23rd of this month is fixed on by the House of 140 Commons for considering the circumstances of the slave trade complained of in the late numerous petitions presented to that House, we respectfully intreat thee as a friend to the cause of humanity to use thy earnest endeavours towards the abolition of a trade wherein the natural rights of mankind are so deeply concerned. We are with due regard and esteem thy friends : — Wm. Lucas, Isaac Sharpies, Rudd Wheeler, Thos. Marsh, Joshua Wheeler, John Ransom, F. Dimsdale." Viscount Grimston to William Lucas and others of Hitchin. 1789, May 13. — I have the pleasure to inform you, and by your means, with your permission, the gentlemen who lately signed a letter to me on the subject of the proposed abolition of the slave trade, that Mr. Wilberforce opened the business last night in the House of Commons ; that his proposition was very favourably received ; and that the subject is to be again agitated on Monday next by considering several resolutions on which the above gentleman proposes to introduce a bill for the abolition of the trade. Richard Toller to Viscount Grimston's Steward. 1789, June 23. South Petherton, Somerset. — A young woman of the name of Bowditel, who lives in this neighbourhood, con- ceives that she is entitled to the reversion of an estate called Downside and Wakes, in the parish of Midsummer Norton, in the county of Somerset. The premises were granted to John Rose alias Jackett in the reign of James the First, by one Francis Lawley for a term of 200 years, which term is now almost expired. The present claimant cannot find the counterpart of the lease, and she is informed that probably it may be in the hands of Lord Grimston, as his lordship married a descendant of the grantor. The young woman appears to me to be able to make out her pedigree, and, as her right to the estate in question seems to be very apparent, I trust that from a regard to justice you will excuse the liberty I take in addressing this letter to you, tho' we are perfectly unknown to each other. I beg leave to request that you will be so good as to search among those deeds of Lord Grimston's which are most likely to include the counterpart of the lease in question, and that you will be pleased to inform me of the result of the inquiry. I understand that you are his lordship's steward, and therefore you are the proper person to apply to for access to his deeds. If in the course of your search you should happen to see any estates called Wick and Clifton, in the parishes of Bradford and Sherborne, I beg the favour of you to mention it to me. John Hickman to Viscount Grimston. f 1789, August 11. Hertford. — Reconsidering the conversation you yesterday honoured me with, respecting the attention you 141 had paid to the inhabitants of the town of Ware, to obtain relief for them from the oppression they laboured under from the excise, brings strongly to my recollection a circumstance I think necessary you should be acquainted with, of which the following is nearly the heads : In consequence of the many riots the misunderstanding between the maltsters of Ware and the excisemen occasioned, it was thought necessary by the Board of Excise to procure military aid to protect their officers, and accordingly a party of the Blues was stationed at Ware and another at Hertford. When the disturbances had a little subsided, Mr. Calvert was applied to to get the soldiers removed, in consequence of which Mr. Calvert applied to the Secretary at War, Sir George Young, from whom he received a letter saying that on his application Sir George had removed the Blues from Hertford and Ware, which letter Mr. Calvert sent to Hertford for the inspection of his friends, that they might know to whom they were obligated. Mr. Plumer, not expecting such a letter to appear, had at Ware taken upon himself the credit of removing the soldiers, but, Sir George Young's letter being shown to several of his friends, a general murmur ensued on Mr. Plumer having taken the credit of rendering the inhabitants of Ware a service, for which the obligation was due to Mr. Calvert. Mr. Plumer still insisting it was him (sic) that removed the soldiers, his friends, to convince him they was not to be so misled, accompanied him to the person with whom Sir George Young's letter to Mr. Calvert was left, when Mr. Plumer read the contents, and after a short pause carried it off with saying it was a mistake ; he had applied to Sir George for the purpose. My lord, what has induced me to inform you of this circumstance is (to make use of a military phrase) to prevent Mr. Plumer stealing a march of you, as at Ware Mr. Plumer's visits are so frequent, he may have taken credit of removing the excise wholly to himself, to prevent which your taking an opportunity of informing some of the principals they are equally obligated to you for the establishment of harmony between them and the excise, may be productive of much good, if gratitude has any influence on their minds, when your lordship finds it necessary to try your interest on that side the county. Am informed by a friend of mine in the Treasury the House is intended to be adjourned this day by comnrssion, and it's the opinion of some, from the many enquiries after interest in different parts of the kingdom, a general election is not far distant ; should that be the case, which, if not immediately, must of course happen soon, I beg leave not only to offer your lordship every assistance in my power as a freeholder of Hertfordshire, but also that of my brother, who is a freeholder likewise, and the disposal of several votes in the city of Westminster, which some premises of mine there give me an opportunity of commanding. Robert Barnby to Viscount Grimston. 1789, October 27. Baldock. — Relates the loss of practice which he has suffered for supporting Lord Grimston's interest at the last election. " A young man who has set up in opposition against me by the great interest of Mr. W has made good his establishment . . . When I was told at Hertford by a very respectable clergyman, my patient, he was sorry to see me with these colours on my hat, my answer was : I would sooner eat barley bread than recede from my promise." R. B. Harcourt to Viscount Grimston. 1789, December 1. Pendley. — I shall with great pleasure obey your commands on Thursday next by acquainting the society with the honour you do it by offering to receive the archers at Gorhambury next summer, and hope some of the gentlemen will open their nouses on the occasion, as it is the wish, I believe, of all the women of fashion that the meetings should be held at private houses and not at inns. Thomas Fuller to Viscdunt Grimston. 1790, February 5 ( ? ). Bishop's Stortford.— The committee of the protestant dissenters of this county respectfully express their regret that the late application to parliament was not favoured with the concurrence which they expected from your liberality and candour. Conscious that they solicit nothing but what the noble constitution of their country authorizes, they request me to desire your support on a similar motion, which is expected to be brought forward very early in the present session. And they natter themselves that on this occasion the religious and civil liberties of the subject will receive your countenance and generous exertions. Viscount Grimston to Thomas Fuller. 1790, February 25. Grosvenor Square. — Mr. Howard, accom- panied by Dr. Baker, delivered to me yesterday your letter expressing the wishes of the committee of protestant dissenters of the county of Herts, that I would support an intended appli- cation to parliament to repeal certain Acts. You will give me leave to assure you that no person can entertain a higher esteem and respect for the entire body of dissenters of this kingdom, nor a greater regard for many individuals in it, than I do. Yet I think it may be more constitutional to pause there, and rather reserve myself to act as my judgment may lead me to do at the time I have an opportunity of hearing the arguments that may be brought forward in support of the motion in question, than previously to give a decisive answer on the subject. Draft. William Grimston to Thomas Fuller. 1790, February 25. — I had yesterday the honour of receiving your letter by the hands of Dr. Baker, requesting my support to an application to parliament for the repeal of the Corporation and Test Acts, and desiring my answer for the purpose of reporting 143 it to the committee of protestant dissenters at Hertford. As this intended motion has been repeatedly agitated in former sessions, I presume some new argument may possibly be advanced in support of it ; I should therefore be anxious not to involve myself in any engagement on either side of the question till I have had the advantage of hearing them, to enable myself the better to form my judgment on the merits of it, which will be on this as well as on every other subject the constant rule of my conduct in parliament. Draft. The Corn Laws. 1790 [May 25]. Petition from Hitchin. — It having been represented to us that, by a bill now before the House of Commons for regulating the exportation of corn, every buyer of corn in the markets of Hertford, Hitchin, Royston, and Bishop's Stortford in this county, is required to deliver an account on oath of the quantity and price of all the corn purchased by him in those markets ; we beg leave to state to you that we apprehend such a law would be attended with very serious effects to this and tho other towns to which its operation is proposed to extend, and that the necessity the buyers would be put under of exposing their tran- sactions in those markets would divert the course of the trade to other places where the same declaration is not required. It appears to us an intolerable hardship to be compelled to give a public account of our dealings. We take the liberty therefore of intreating that if such a clause is, or shall be before the House, that you will be pleased to oppose its passing into a law. We shall think ourselves much indebted to you for your attention to this request. Viscount Grimston to Mr. Robert Ralphs, Hitchin. 1790, May 27. House of Commons. — Notes of answer : — To thank him and the other gentlemen who subscribed a letter to me from Hitchin expressive of their disapprobation of a certain clause in the Corn Bill. That I attended the progress of that bill which passed the committee on Friday last, and that I do not find in it that the town of Hitchin is mentioned in the clause which their letter alludes to ; added to which they will see that the clause in question is only a repetition of one in a former Act of the 18th . . . of the King, and was inserted for the purpose of ascer- taining the prices of corn at different periods in different parts of the kingdom. I shall be always happy in receiving the ideas of my friends in Herts on any parliamentary subject, and shall be particularly so if I can make use of them to their advantage and benefit. I beg the favour of Mr. Ralphs to communicate the contents of this letter to the gentlemen who feel themselves concerned. Viscount Grimston to Mr. Ralphs. 1790, May 28. — Note of further answer : To inform him that since my last I had conferred with several gentlemen on the 144 subject of the Corn Bill, and that I should heartily unite with them who proposed to oppose the furtherance of the bill as it now stands, with the objectionable clause, which appoints inspectors who are to receive accounts of the quantity as well as the price of corn after every market day on oath and under a penalty of ten pounds. Viscount Grimston to Mr. Ralphs. 1790, May 31. — Note of further answer: To inform him that, in consequence of a representation to Lord Hawksbury and the framers of the Corn Bill on the subject of the objectionable clause, they had agreed to give it up for this session. The Marchioness of Salisbury to Lord Verulam.* [1791, February 2.] Hatfield. — " As you have been so good as to allow me to hunt your covers and have preserved foxes for me, J must beg leave to acquaint you with what I dare say you do not know, that your harriers have lately made a practice of hunting fox, and are very assiduous in getting bag foxes ; they turned out one yesterday that was dug out at New Barnes, and have now two more. I have this information from Mr. Smith, of New House, and should be much obliged to you if you would put a stop to it. If you should find any difficulty in so doing, I can't doubt that your mentioning the real fact, that you have promised to protect foxes for me, would effectually prevent their hunting anything but hare." Postscript: — "It is really very essential that you should interfere without loss of time, as digging foxes at this season would be annihilation of sport next year." Lord Verulam to the Marchioness op Salisbury. 1791, February 3. Gorhambury. — Independent of the practice of harriers hunting foxes being, I well know, high treason against the laws of sporting, the intimation of your wish on such a subject was perfectly sufficient to induce me to endeavour to put a stop to so unfair a procedure. I was extremely happy in receiving your letter before I left Gorhambury, as it gave me an immediate opportunity of personally hinting to the manager of the St. Albans hounds the impropriety of such a conduct. I have done so this morning, and they assure me they will leave the foxes to be hand- somely killed by your ladyship's hounds. C. de Laet to Lord Verulam. 1791, August 6. — I should have answered your letter the day it should have come, but it was mis-sent to Hatfield, Yorkshire. If the week "after next is convenient to you, I shall then have some friends with me to partake of your bounty. The Red Lion is * Viscount Grimston in the kingdom of Ireland, created Baron Verulam of Gorhambury, 8th July, 1790. 145 bought at St. Albans for the use of the road and a great deal is to be re-sold. I heard some remarks on the extreme generosity of Earl Spencer about the market house, and some few on what others might do, which I imagined was pointed at you, and what oppor- tunity now offered for you to secure a share in the borough. I thought it my duty to give you this hint, as whatever can tend towards the happiness or consequence of your lordship or your family will ever be interesting to me. Edwaed Jones to Lord Verulam. 1791, August 17. 5, Inner Temple Lane. — Inclosed I send you proposals for publishing an index to records of very extensive contents. The manuscripts -are all ready and may now be con- sulted for any references. They have been laid before my Lord Chief Baron and several others of the present subscribers, who highly approve of the work. Alexander Raby to Lord Verulam. 1792, August 16. Cobham. — Although the proposers of the canal from the Thames to Dorking were not fortunate enough to have you on their side at the meeting held for that purpose, yet I could not help thinking you were well inclined to assist so public and so good an undertaking, but that you felt for gentlemen whose imaginary fears pointed to themselves the destruction of their pleasure, and which can only be imagination. Many advantages would accrue from continuing the canal from Dorking to Horsham to all the landholders in that district, as lime, the only article that will easily improve that poor land, will then be within the reach of every tenant at an easy expense, the consequence of which must be its improvement and consequently its rise in value. Timber would likewise increase more than the difference of carriage between land and water on account of its certain and ready conveyance. Add to all these remarks, that when complete to Arundel, it might be of great use to government to convey stores to any fleet fitting at Portsmouth, when they might be wind-bound by sea from London. These I enumerate as public advantages, but there must be private ones arise to you and some other gentlemen possessed of chalk nearest the line of the canal, which must be in great demand, and, if you choose to let a few acres of yours when you have con- sidered its probable value, I shall be very happy to treat with you for it. Some gentlemen at the meeting gave hints that the money would not be raised, nor would it pay when done. These are matters for the subscribers' consideration only, although I could venture to undertake both for the one and the other, if put upon a proper plan ; and to doubt the public utility of canals would be an impeachment upon the good sons of all the parliaments this 30 years past, who have so constantly granted them. To canals may be placed in a great measure the present prosperity of the manufactories of this kingdom, as what is now done on them could never have been executed by land. j 146 Agreement with a Cook. 1792, October 18. — Memorandum of the terrrB of agreement with a cook, in the handwriting of Lord Verulam : — " Marchi came into my service this day at the rate of 55 guineas per annum for wages for the first year, and, if approved of after that time, to have 60 guineas per annum. To be allowed no kitchen stuff or any other sort of perquisite whatever. Not to market or interfere in the family except as far as his business in the kitchen requires ; nor to engage himself to dress dinners out of the house without my knowledge and consent. Marchi's last service was with Mr. Broadhead, of Portland Place, from whence he has a very good character." New Canal. 1792, October 20. — Printed report of a meeting held at the Essex Arms, Watford, approving of the line of canal through Rickmers- worth (sic) and Uxbridge to New Brentford, with a collateral cut to the town of Watford. The Earl of Clarendon to Lord Verulam. 1792, November 16. The Grove. — " I will endeavour to tell you shortly what I know about the canal business. Our meeting at Watford proceeded from an apprehension in the minds of the inhabitants of that place that they should be sufferers if the canal went to Rickmansworth without passing by Watford. A letter was written to William Praed, esquire, at Tyringham, near Newport Pagnal, as chairman of the committee appointed to conduct the business of the Grand Junction Canal, and signed by most of the inhabitants of Watford, stating their apprehensions, etc., etc. After that letter had been sent, in consequence of some conver- sation which I had with several of the principal people concerned in the canal, who called upon me out of the county, by which I found that we might obtain a collateral cut, there was another meeting at Watford, and at that meeting we came to the resolu- tions as mentioned in the printed paper enclosed." Lord Verulam to William Praed. [1792, November 24?]. — " My neighbours at St. Albans are extremely apprehensive that the intended line of canal from Braunton to the Thames at or near Brentford, may eventually be very injurious to the interests of their town and vicinity, unless they can participate in the advantages of it by procuring an extension of the collateral cut from Watford to some convenient spot near St. Albans. We have had a meeting at the Town Hall this morning to take this subject into consideration ; the result of which you will receive by letter from the mayor. I shall be extremely obliged to you if you will communicate to me what steps will be most expedient for me to pursue to procure an extension of the cut from Watford to St. Albans, which from the 147 circumstances of the county will certainly be highly advan- tageous to the proprietors of the Grand Junction Canal as well as to the neighbourhood. Give me leave to request that you would inform me when you are to have the next general meeting on the business of the canal, and whether sending any deputy from hence to represent our anxiety on this subject, and our wishes with respect to the extension of the collateral cut from Watford would serve to promote the attainment of the above object." William Praed to Lord Verulam. # [1792], November 26. Tyringham. — " With regard to the canal business which you say has excited such alarms in your neighbours of St. Albans (and of which I have been apprized by a letter from Mr. Kingston, the mayor), I can myself see no reason why the collateral cut to Watford should not be extended to some spot nearer to them, but yet I can point out no steps to be pursued in this stage of the business, which can procure them perfect satisfaction on that head. A meeting of the committee will be held at Buckingham on Thursday next, but I know of no good which can arise from sending a deputation thither, as I will most readily take it upon myself to represent to the meeting the wishes of the inhabitants of St. Albans and see that proper attention be paid to their anxiety upon this subject. You will easily conceive that even the main line of the canal must, from its very nature, be extremely slow in its progress to completion. As I shall natter myself with having in that interval frequent opportunities of personal conference with you, so will I likewise beg you to believe that any information or any hints, which I think may further wishes in this matter, shall be readily communicated and most cordially promoted." Sir Abraham Hume to Lord Verulam. 1792, December 3. Worrnleybury. — I take the liberty of communicating to you the wish of several persons in this county to join in a requisition to the sheriff for the purpose of speedily convening a public meeting of the county, to consider of the propriety of an association in principles similar to those of a meeting lately established in London for the preservation of our constitution and for maintaining the laws of the land. Those persons who wish their names should appear to the above requi- sition are desired speedily to signify their consent by a line directed to Mr. H. Alington at Hertford. Lord Verulam to Sir Abraham Hume. 1792, December 9. — I shall most cordially concur in any measure which may be thought proper to be adopted to strengthen the hands of government for the purpose of enforcing due obedience to the laws and of preserving the peace and happiness of the county, in which I trust every honest man of common-sense will most heartily co-operate. 148 John Calvert, Junior, to Lord Verulam. [1792.] — I shall always think it my duty, as it is my inclination, to attend every measure in parliament wherein the interest or wishes of the borough of St. Albans are concerned. The Grand Junction Canal (as far as I am acquainted with it) seems to be of of general public utility, and as you inform me that it will be beneficial to the inhabitants and neighbourhood of St. Albans it shall certainly have my constant support in every stage of the bill, as also the collateral cut from Watford, if ever it should be the intention of the town of St. Albans to bring a bill of that sort into Parliament. Stephen Pellet to Lord Verulam. 1793, May 23. St. Albans.— " Mr. Florentin Prier was second lieutenant to the Palme when it was captured. I hear it is rumoured that the captains and first lieutenants are now intended to be released from prison ; so I hope your lordship's recom- mendation may, without much difficulty, have this indulgence extended to my friend. Stephen Pellet to Lord Verulam. 1793, May 26. St. Albans. — A relation of mine from Havre, whose father is a man of character and property there, (the grand- father having been a merchant in the said place above seventy years back), is now a prisoner at Gosport. His name is Florentin Prier ; he was bred to a seafaring life, and imprudently engaged himself as lieutenant to the Palme privateer, which had not been above five days at sea when it was captured by the Juno frigate and carried into Portsmouth, and my young friend [who was] allowed to save nothing but the clothes on his back, has been ever since confined in Forton prison. Through the channel of Messrs. Lindegreen and other respectable persons in that neighbourhood I find that, besides having an excellent character from the captain of the privateer, the agent for the prisoners speaks very handsomely of his behaviour since his confinement, during which he has submitted with great patience and good humour to the hardships of his situation. His father is exceedingly anxious about him, and has written to me on the subject. He is particularly desirous he could be removed from his present companions and allowed to reside near me and under my care. May I solicit the favour of your influence with govern- ment in procuring my young friend this indulgence ? It could, I think, be attended with no inconveniency. Postscript : — If a borough anecdote is not an impertinent intrusion upon your time, I will mention that on Wednesday the 29th, being St. Michael's fair, a gallows is to be erected for the execution (in effigy) of such persons as are thought guilty of attempting to establish in this country a Bastille alias an House of Industry supported by the union of some neighbouring parishes. The very first mention of this scheme has been most violently 149 opposed by Mr. Kingston, and Messrs. Marston and Archer have grossly abused every person they suspect to favour it. Insolent handbills have been publicly read by the crier, and next Wednesday is said to be fixed for displaying the abhorrence of the public against such tyranny. The magistrates, informed of the laudable designs of these defenders of liberty, have agreed to attend personally and swear an additional number of constables to prevent the confusion that may be apprehended on this occasion. Stephen Pellet to Lord Verulam. 1793, June 13. St. Albans. — I am exceedingly concerned to have given your lordship so much trouble. I do not think myself the less obliged to the kindness of your intentions, though my application has failed of the desired success ; on the contrary, I feel less from my own disappointment, than I am hurt that I should have been the occasion of the uncivility shewn your lordship, by the refusal of so reasonable a request that could cost nothing but the waiving, in one instance, an arbitrary etiquette to serve a useful as well as a benevolent purpose. On the 4th of this month Mr. Prier and five of his companions, were removed on parole to Alresford, where they continue, and they are treated with civility by the inhabitants as well as by the commissary appointed to superintend their conduct. Many English families are distressed by the eonfinement of some of their friends in France. Among others I hear of a son of the late Dr. Petit, of Great Marlborough Street, who was a man of considerable fortune. The general distress has made its way into this country, and if new measures are not very soon adopted we must be all bankrupts. Timothy Hall to Lord Verulam. 1793, June 23. Dorking. — Encloses resolutions " entered into by the gentlemen at the meeting of the Dorking canal business," Sir William Burrell, bart., presiding : Resolved, 20 June, 1793, that a navigable canal, proposed to be made from Thames Ditton to Dorking, " will not be productive of emolument to the town of Dorking and the neighbourhood sufficient to compensate the disadvantages likely to arise therefrom." P. Batson to Lord Verulam. 1793, July 3. Sherborne. — On my return from town I found your favour of the 21st ult. I immediately applied to one of the persons here concerned in the cloth manufactory, about which I was speaking to you when in town, for a sample of the cloth. They are very shy at present of showing samples or of saying much of the undertaking. However, one of them gave me the enclosed bit, which is the remains of a larger piece, but it has been roughly handled. No price is as yet fixed on for any of the cloths ; 'tis not the home consumption they look to, they wish all to go to a 150 foreign market. It will be some time before any of the cloth will be made here, the works are but now preparing. Lord Kinnaird, T think it is, takes a very active part in the undertaking and is a proprietor they say ; he is a Scotch nobleman, and the patentee lives in the North. Lord Bathurst to Lord Verulam. [1793,] July 12. Cirencester. — I am much obliged for the favour of your letter with the specimen of the new patent cloth, which I have happiness to believe will not succeed, as it would totally ruin the poor in case it should. I had, some months since, a letter from a person engaged in the Polygraphic Company, who was a superintendent of a work of this cloth manufacture near town. He refused my request of seeing them at work, but said that it was made from combed wool without spinning ; it must be made somewhat in the manner of hats, and will wear accordingly. The introduction of spinning mills and other machines will add to the distress of the working men, if amends be not made by the great extension of foreign trade. By-the-bye, if you have not seen the machine, it will be worth your while to go to St. James' Workhouse to see it work. A boy of twelve years old will, in two months, learn to weave as much, or more, than the ablest weaver with a common loom and, they say, make better sailcloth than the Dutch. Doctor Parker (the rector) or any of the gentlemen of the select committee will show it to you. I was pleased with hearing from my daughters, who were at Oxford, that, among other things with which they were enter- tained, [was] the hearing your young man, who is so lately become a member of the University, acquits himself so well ; it is what must give a parent much pleasure. The Grand Junction Canal. 1793, July 17. — Memorandum of a meeting of the general committee of the Grand Junction Canal, held at the Cobham Arms Inn, Buckingham. Application having been made from the inhabitants of Aylesbury, Wendover, St. Albans, Buckingham, Hemel Hempstead, Dunstable, Chesham and Newport Pagnell for collateral cuts to be made from the canal to their places, it was resolved that a survey be made of the localities named, as it is the intention of the committee to apply to Parliament for power to construct such of the cuts as shall be approved. Sir John Sinclair to Lord Verulam. 1793, August 31. Board of Agriculture. — Announces the constitution of the board by the King " for promoting the internal improvement of the kingdom," and enclosing list of members. Above fifty persons of intelligence and ability will be employed in making reports. Asks Lord Grimston's assistance on behalf of those employed. [Lord Grimston was subsequently (April 1794), elected an honorary member of the board.] 151 The Grand Junction Canal. [1793,] August 31. — Copy of resolution passed at the Town Hall, St. Albans, as to the Grand Junction Canal business : — "To request the canal committee to reconsider that part of the intended cut from Sopwell Mill to the town of St. Albans, so as to avoid injuring the property belonging to Holywell," with comments thereon. Thomas Lashley to Lord Verulam. 1793, October 20. No. 3, Steyne, Brighton.—" I have been in business for many years, and am well acquainted with America and the West Indies, where I have lived seventeen years. I know Martinique, and in 1783 went all over the strongest fortification in that island. Being educated to physic and perfectly ac- quainted with diseases peculiar to warm climates, I might perhaps be not unuseful to the Duke of York or General Grey now going with troops to the West Indies, if Mr. Pitt would give me any destination to the army of either of them." The writer states that his present distress arises partly from inability to obtain a con- siderable property adjudged to Mrs. Lashley and himself by the House of Lords in May, 1792. Enclosing : — Mr. Lashley' s Narrative — From the time of my arrival in Barbados my utmost exertions were employed in the promotion of the interests of government, and in the advancement of the cause of my King and country. These dispositions drew on me much malevolence and enmity. In the year 1777 / went from the West Indies with a large cargo of old rum and sugar to supply his Majesty's army and navy at New York, with strong recommendations to Lord Howe and General Howe, from Mr. Hay, Governor of Barbados, and Mr. Clark, collector there. I was well received by the King's officers at New York, but was convinced by them that, being limited in price by an order just then received from government, they could not pay me an adequate value or even the prime cost of the cargo I had brought, which was of superior quality. I had leave, however, for my ship to accompany the fleet and army to the head of Elk. There I had an offer, not disadvantageous for the whole of it, but I would not dispose of it without the appro- bation of Lord Howe, who, through Captain Curtis, discouraged my selling it, and was of opinion I should do better with it at Philadelphia. I went to Philadelphia, where by the arbitrary conduct of Mr. Joseph Galloway, then superintendent of the port, I was prevented from selling it until there was so great a glut, that I lost considerably by the adventure, at least seven thousand pounds sterling. I hoped to reimburse myself by a second voyage, and made one. But I had the misfortune to be captured by the French fleet at Sandy Hook, on board of which I was kept a prisoner a great while. I was afterwards sent to Providence and Boston and there also long detained. At length I got back to New York and attended the Commissioners with such information for his 152 majesttfs service as I had collected, which I have been since informed by Sir Henry Clinton turned out so, and it was of that consequence which merited some notice and mark of favour from my most gracious Sovereign. Governor Johnstone was disposed to serve me. Colonel Maitland consulted me about the proper season for sending the troops to the West Indies, and wished to procure me an appointment on that expedition, but General Grant would have none but his own people. Thus disappointed, I came to London and informed Lord Sackville of what would infallibly happen in the West Indies. But being disregarded, and finding no measures taken to counteract the operations of the French in the West Indies, I returned to Barbados, where I was agent to many of my friends in the British navy and army, to whom my house was open and all my time and services dedicated, of which I have many, many, written documents under their hands in my possession. This, in those days of civil feuds, increased the malice of the American party towards me. My house was assaulted, and the safety of my family and myself endangered. I have lived to see several of the persons engaged in these hostilities against the govern- ment and its friends and supporters in the possession of con- fidential and profitable appointments. Added to these losses and disasters, I was a great sufferer by the dreadful hurricane in 1780, and the sudden manner in which the peace happened to be made occasioned so great a fall in the prices of all the goods I dealt in, and was then selling, as com- pleted my misfortunes. I accordingly left the West Indies with all my family and came to London, where I have been obliged to support and educate them out of the wreck of my fortune, not having been able to obtain any mark whatever of favour. John Hill to John Rose, M.P. 1794, February 2. St. Albans. — " As a matter of consequence to the revenue, I beg leave to state a business to you that, upon recollection, you are not a stranger to in part. About a year ago a Mr. John Johnson, supervisor of excise at Guildford, was dis- charged, at the instance of Mr. John Night (sic), of Farnham for speaking against government. The evidence to substantiate the charge was principally myself. Soon after the commissioners removed me to this place. There has ever since been a combina- tion against me by the collectors and supervisors. I had not been at St. Albans little more than three months when I was suspended, then restored, after, admonished and twice reprimanded and now discharged, from the persecuting conduct of my collector and supervisor, stating that which I never was guilty of, i.e., that is conducting myself in a very improper manner towards my superiors. l. 3s. Od. per annum. The above idea would therefore be more palatable to them on that account. Not being on the spot, I cannot judge, but I should think the bill may pass our House. I much doubt whether it will pass yours. Postscript. — Notwithstanding all I have said, I have not so entirely made up my mind on the subject as not to be open to conviction, and shall be very glad to hear anything you may have to offer on the other side the question. T. Estcourt to Lord Verulam. 1796, March 25. Estcourt. — Since I wrote to you last I have received the bill of Mr. Curwen and, having read it with some attention, I reahy think it justly entitled a Bill for the Better Preservation of the Game, etc. As I have had no opportunity of comparing notes with anyone else on it, I am perhaps not aware of the many objections that may be found in it. But it appears to me that the penalty on poaching will be increased, the tempta- 167 tion to it wiU be less, and the means of detection easier than by the present law. I also observe that the rights of lords of manors will not be diminished. Indeed, it gives also privileges to small freeholders and occupiers of land which they had not before, with this burden attached to it of taking out a certificate at the expense of 31. 3s. Od. annually. Now I think that if a man will go to that expense for the sake of either killing or eating game, he will take some pains to gratify these passions by preserving the game upon his farm ; he may also do it with a view of profit by selling it at market. If from either of these motives the occupier does preserve the game, the lord of the manor, being possessed of the same privileges he now enjoys, will partake of the benefit of it, not only in killing it himself, but by having his manor better stocked. At present the only place where the lord has great plenty is probably round his own or his keeper's house, but then he will have keepers in every part of his manors, and such as probably are not to be bribed to betray their trust. A gentleman's estate is his own, and his rack-rented tenants' lands will probably always find him in sufficient game for his table, and if he has a mind to extend his days' sport over the land of his copyhold tenants, or of the freeholders of the manors, I think he would do wisely to give them all the game he should kill upon their respective lands, and to let this be known to be his invariable rule, and also never to suffer, on any account, his gamekeeper to kill game on their lands, unless at their desire and for their use, except when he is in company with his master. This would effectually interest the free or copyholder in its preservation. You see by the bill that although the occupier is empowered to kill on his own land, yet the landlord has a power of restraining him in any manner he likes by his lease. Besides which, a landlord has so many other ties over a tenant that I think he may be sufficiently restrained from an abuse of the privilege now intended him. For my own part I am decidedly of opinion that the most effectual means of preventing his making an improper use of his privilege is to interest him in the preservation of the game by giving him a share of it in some way that will be most palatable to his own feelings. If profit is his object, which it would be, I suppose, with most of them, say to him : ' I do not care how much game you kill to carry to market; provided I find plenty for my sport when I am upon your farm ; ' if amusement or eating be his object, say the same. There is I see also a very proper and very severe punishment on game- keepers who shall be guilty of disposing of game without consent of the lord of the manor. These are the principal observations [which] happen to strike my mind on the perusal of the bill ; and, such as it is, I confess I have no objection to it. Men of abilities may perhaps strike out objections to it and amendments. If you see any objections to it or have heard of any, I should be much obliged to you to let me know what they are, as I wish to 108 give the subject full and fair consideration before I pledge myself either to support or oppose it. John Cowper to Lord Verulam. 1796, April 14, St. Albans.— As Mrs. Butler, of the Angel Inn, has withstood several powerful offers for the assembly room and house made her by Mr. W , it has been thought right by Mr. Joseph Gape, and many others of our friends, to compliment her with a dinner on Monday next for about thirty or forty of our principal voters and wellwishers, and it would add much happiness to the day if your lordship and Mr. Grimston would honour us with your company. I am happy to inform you that my un- remitting endeavours with the county voters have proved very successful indeed, but there are still a few of those voters who must be waited upon by Mr. Grimston in person, otherwise they will consider themselves as slighted and of no consequence. T. S. Dyott Bucknall to Lord Verulam. 1796, April 28. Baker Street. — Upon the conversation which has passed between your lordship and me, I should be much con- cerned for a disciple of Tom Paine to secure a seat in the ancient borough of St, Albans. If I can be of any service I shall readily come forwaid, exactly as your lordship may direct, and the reason for my writing is to express my own ideas that there may be no mistake. If I am wanted, I will hold for one session and do nothing that may in the least hurt your lordship's interest or counteract your politics ; also [I] will accept the Chiltern Hundreds whenever called upon ; but were I asked to be in Parliament for seven years I should certainly decline the offer, for the precariousness of my health is such I would not accept it. And I am ready to give such security as the learned may deem proper for bringing in the honourable person whom I am to hold for. Some men may say I promise too much with regard to politics, but as our political creeds are the same that objection amounts to nothing ; the only circumstance to be guarded is that not a syllable or thought of this must transpire to the world, for that would counteract the whole intention. T. S. Dyott Bucknall to Lord Verulam. 1796, May 14. 69, Baker Street. — I was in such a hurry yesterday to save the post, that I had not either time or paper to explain the four lines ; but if they are applied to use they must stand thus, which they could not do upon account of the name, until your lordship may think proper to bring it forward. ' Let love and harmony combin'd, Support our King, our laws, our rights ; And to prove ourselves true men of Kent, May Bucknall always meet his friends.' Electioneering is noisy ; this is a full glass in conviviality. 169 ' Man of Kent ' is a noble appellation peculiar to that county ; they are the representatives of those who were not subdued by William the Conqueror, and have privileges still remaining. They represent themselves as bold, true and resolute in what they undertake, and which they accomplish by holding together ; they are the yeomanry and in all elections ; the independent interest takes that appellation. The men of Kent have a popular song, in which they enumerate the several good qualities, according to the times, with which a human creature can be endowed, for whatever a man may become afterwards, each candidate is held by his own party a little bordering upon divinity, particularly if he feeds better than his opponent. John Calvert to Lord Verulam. 1796, May 30. The Stable Yard.— I rejoice most sincerely at the complete defeat of Mr. Waddington at St. Albans, and that you are relieved from the trouble he has so long given you and your friends. You must have had also some small degree of anxiety upon your mind, though there never was any doubt of the event. As the parliament was not to meet again and a new one of course to be chosen (before the last week in September) it is fortunate for us all that the dissolution took place immediately after the prorogation. I had, as you may have heard, a little bustle at Hertford, but, as Mr. Brand was more easily convinced than Mr. Waddington and declined the combat the day before the election, all went off quietly, as did the business at Huntingdon, which I am sure will give you pleasure to hear. Joseph Bullock to Lord Verulam. 1796, June 2. — This being the first day, according to the news- papers, that letters will pass free, I take the earliest opportunity of congratulating you upon your victory at St. Albans. I hope the newspapers speak truth which say the expenses of Mr. Wad- dington amounted to 5,000?. ; if so, it will be a complete warning to him and other intruders and save you any future interruption. I received your last favour at Eaversfield and set out the next weekday for this place, and am already so much better that I trust (favente Deo) that I shall have the perfect use of my whole frame again. I was very unequal to your late bustle and am very thankful that I was not required to engage in it. I have kept myself clear of all elections on account of my bad state of health, aliquisque malo fuit risus in Mo. I am likewise as quiet here as I can wish to be. There are but seven people in this great house. A great contest was expected in the next county, but I hear the general sense of the meeting was in favour of Mr. Wilberforce and Mr. Lascelles. Addressed : — The Great Hotel, Buxton. 170 Lady Forrester to Lord VeruLaM. 1796, June 19. Bedgebury. — It gave me great pleasure that you so entirely defeated Waddington, and that your county gave him so ill a reception. I hope, in future, your son will fill one of these places, if he represents the county. You will, I trust, have it in your power to bring in a supporter of our King and constitu- tion at less expense than it costs those disaffected republicans to overset all government. You have no doubt seen by the papers what a warm contest there has been in this county to dismiss an old servant no longer worthy ; this may be truly said of Honey wood , whose party has conducted the business with as much indecent cabal and riot as Home Tooke's party has done in town. I fear, if he insists on a scrutiny, it will nearly ruin all parties, but the supporters of a bad cause always pursue desperate measures. Your friend Ward joined Mr. Polhill's party, who lives near Lord Stanhope, and who is as disaffected and violent a man as any in the county ; 'tis a pity all three cannot be confined in a strait waistcoat for the remainder of life. If I may judge from this side of the country, I should not suppose that Honeywood had by any means the sense of the county with him ; everybody in this neighbourhood exerted themselves strongly for Geary, and many voted for him that it was supposed were attached to Honeywood. Cranbrook has the character of a disaffected place, and out of one hundred freeholders 70 went for the present members. They all from this district went decorated with oaken bows and everything emblematic of their attachment to their King and government. This has been a noble struggle to get rid of such a tool of faction as Honeywood. There has been one very handsome subscription in support of Knatchbull. I hope another will be set on foot for both K. and G. . I have not, you may suppose, been so eager in this business as if I had been in better health, but as we had daily information of what was going on, of course I could not but feel interested. A young friend of mine, Miss Mary Cartwright, is going to settle in your county in the neighbourhood of Hockley ; she is to marry Mr. Wollaston Pym. I am truly concerned that a match in high life is likely to be productive of real and serious consequences. I hope and trust God will protect our country from any great calamity. J. Leigh to Lord Verulam. 1796, June 21. No. 25, South Audley Street. — I was last night informed that Mary Pitts, one of the searchers, is dead. The appointment of a successor is with you. Mrs. Pitts was appointed by the Earl of Jersey, but was in fact too far advanced in years at the time, and scarcely able to do the duty. I understand their duty to be to attend at the sexton's office every day from 11 to 12, where they receive information of who comes to bespeak graves, and they are then to go where the body lies (if in this parish) and view it, and, if there are any reasons to suspect that the death is 171 Otherwise than natural, they are to give information to the parish officers ; they are likewise to view bodies who die in the parish, though they may be intended for burial elsewhere. You will by this perceive that they should be women who are capable of walking, as they frequently have occasion to go all over the parish in a day. As to their emoluments, the regular fee for the two searchers is eightpence, viz., fourpence each for every body they view ; and for viewing the poor who die either in the workhouse or at their own habitations, the governors of the poor, instead of fees, pay them an annual salary of il. each. Though their regular fee is eightpence only, I believe it is usual with people to give them something more. Piddington, the watchhouse keeper, has requested me to beg you to give his wife the place, for which she would undoubtedly be a very fit person, provided you have no particular old servant, etc., whom you wish to provide for. The wife of the last watchhouse keeper but one (Miller) was a searcher, and continued such until she died in the Earl of Jersey's time, when he appointed her who is now dead. As to Piddington himself, he has always been very diligent in his duty in his several progressive stations of watchman, patrol, beadle and watchhouse keeper, and has given great satisfaction to the gentlemen of the watch committee, and (being a Chelsea pensioner) he was at the beginning of the war obliged to give up his pension, as it would have quite thrown his family out of sorts if he had complied with the call of going to garrison duty and had resigned his place of watchhouse keeper. Henry Bullock to Lord Verulam. [1796]. — Recollecting your fine park at Gorhambury, I beg leave to offer you two antelopes, male and female, which I brought with me from Bengal. They are perfectly tame and in separate cages. They should not be exposed to the weather during the winter. J. A. Warde to Lord Verulam. 1797, January 10. — Knowing how much you are interested in all the improvements of agriculture, I cannot forbear sending you an account of a trenching plough, which is just now so much the subject of conversation that it hardly allows the grumblers an opportunity of lamenting over the assessed taxes. Draining is so necessary in some soils, and so expensive, that Mr. Warde has sent to Mr. Watts for one ; it will have full employment in this country for some time, and is afterwards to be sent into Kent, where it will soon earn the first cost. He paid 16 guineas to one man last year for draining about three acres. The Mr. Knightley whose name you will find on the other side has bought one, and not being in great affluence and the only man in his parish with spirit enough to buy one, he lets it out, at a guinea, to everybody that has the use of it, whether for a week or a day, by which he has already paid himself most amply. 172 We hear nothing of the Duke of Beaufort's determination of parting with his hounds ; they say Lord Worcester is so very averse to it. The packs to be given up are the Duke of Bedford's, Mr. Leigh Antony's, and Sir William Lowther's, unless the latter can get a subscription. We hope to go on, but perhaps in a more humble way. The beginning to retrench is so unpleasant that one is glad to defer it. Jane writes me word they have begun, but at present it extends only to their kitchen and a reduction of beer. Her opinion and mine do not agree on that subject ; by a fresh plan of that sort you make yourselves and servants ex- tremely uncomfortable, and at the end of the year it cannot make 20?. difference. Appended is a drawing of the patent trenching plough, invented by H. Watts, esquire, Binley, near Coventry, price 12 guineas. Lady Forrester to Lord Verulam. 1797, February 24. Bedgebury.— I have yours of the 10th, and, though you do not desire a reply, I conclude you wish for further information on what relates to the Forrester title, as your con- jectures are not quite right and I believe you will get little infor- mation from the Heralds' Office here relative to the Scotch peerage, at least I think so by the reply I have had to my enquiries in consequence of the message I received, which states that Major Haldane has no intention of claiming the peerage during my life, but applied to the office for the purpose of informing himself upon some points relative to the pedigree, which had not been registered there. From this circumstance I do suppose the Scotch peerage is only registered in Scotland. All the reference we have had occasion to make has been to the Heralds' Office there, and as all such business has gone through Sir John Inglis's hands he can give me the best account, but as this very worthy old man is 80 (though now r in health and spirits) we must not look forward for any infor- mation from him at any very distant period. I have very lately had a letter from him and he is now in Edinburgh, so that he can easily satisfy my questions ; indeed, he is so well acquainted with all our family connection that a reference to the Herald's Office will be unnecessary. But I shall now explain to you what you have not exactly understood : my grandfather left a son ; at his death some doubt arose whether my mother was to succeed to the title or whether it went to her uncle, John Forrester's son, William. There were different opinions given, but, as it seemed doubtful, my father was for giving it up, which Mrs. Walter very much disapproved of, and always insisted that my brother should have succeeded my uncle George, Lord Forrester. She, however, gave up to her cousin William, who was married but had no children, and at his death my mother took the title, being the eldest female heir, so that it has never laid dormant. My great grandfather's younger sister, as I have already mentioned, married Mr. Haldane, by whom she had a son and daughter. The son died unmarried. The daughter married and 173 her son is, I believe, the Major Haldane that seems to wish to claim the title when I am gone. But as Lord Forrester's daughters must be his heirs, in preference to his sisters, they must have a prior right to the succession. What I have stated is perfectly within my knowledge. With regard to Mr. Haldane I must apply to Sir John Tnglis for a little more information than at present I am mistress of. You see I am not particularly concerned in this business, and possibly you may not think it necessary to do anything in it but wait the event of my death. As the circumstance of Mr. Haldane having such a claim in view has come to my knowledge, I felt it necessary to mention it for you to make what use you please of it. You must not suppose my friend Sir J[ohn] Ifnglis] is super- annuated because he is eighty years old, for he is a very active man and was, in the year 1793, foreman of the grand jury for the trial of treason, and chairman of the Goldsmiths' Hall Association. He was of great service in suppressing seditious meetings, etc., so that I cannot apply to a more active man. I am surprised and pleased to see with what spirit he writes. I wish I could say it was possible to feel comfortable looking forward to our national prospects ; and individuals must certainly cruelly suffer in case of an attack on this country, but as a nation it seems to be the opinion we are so much united that we have nothing to fear. I hope this opinion is well founded, and trust we shall be, as we often have been, protected by Providence. Lord Bridport seems very much out of favour with the public, I hope without cause. Walter Williams to Lord Verulam. 1797, March 7. Pinner. — Positive sterility can be the only objection to a general inclosure. Whatever may be the issue of our pending plan, the wisdom of legislature and industry of the inhabitants will not permit 1,600 acres so near the metropolis to continue long in its present comparatively unprofitable state. The tithe commutation (which I am surprised not to find a popular measure) is not yet settled ; the only remaining difficulty is the modus on Headstone farm, which (I presume) the commissioners can equitably adjust. Then would not 30 acres of good land be more advantageous to the proprietor and more beneficial to the tenant, having it rent free during his life ? Lady Forrester to Lord Verulam. 1797, March 10. Bedgebury. — I have a letter from Sir John Inglis in which he fully explains the relationship between me and Mr. Haldane. He says : You amaze me with your account of the present Mr. Haldane, of Gleneagles, making any enquiry at the Heralds' Office in England about your family and pedigree, as he must know it is not the best place to get information, nor is he a descendant from the Forrester family, so cannot prejudice your right. He himself was first cousin to your father and to me by 174 the father's side, being son to Charles Cockburn, a younger brother of John Cockburn, of Ormistoun, your grandfather. His mother was a Miss Haldane, sister to Haldane of Gleneagles, and who, upon the death of all the heirs male of that family, became the heiress, and this gentleman, her son, has assumed the name of Haldane in place of Cockburn. An elder brother of his mother, Mr. Patrick Haldane, advocate, married Margaret, the second daughter of William, fourth Lord. Forrester, who had two children, George Haldane, governor of Jamaica, and Margaret Haldane, who married an uncle of this (sic) Lord Lauderdale, both of whom died without lawful children, and even if they had had children they could not succeed in prejudice to the offspring of George, her brother, the fifth Lord Forrester, from whom you are descended ; so that I can see no reason for Mr Haldane making any claim. The present gentle- man, our cousin, has had very bad health and went to London on some view of a settlement for his son, who, by his mother's side, is related to the Drummonds, the bankers. The reading the patent and. pedigree will put an end to all questions about the succession to the title, which should, I think, unquestionably go to your cousin's, Lady Grimston's, children. I see I was wrong : Mr. Haldane's uncle, not his grandfather, married a Forrester. I hope things in the political world are going on quieter, and though all is not as we wish it, yet I trust unanimity will do much to bring all things about again. G. Arnald to Mr. Purkis, at Gorhambury. [1798], January. No. 7, Pitfield Street, Hoxton.— When I was last at Gorhambury, I requested of Lord Grimston his permission to dedicate the print of St. Albans Abbey to him, and he intimated a desire of seeing a first proof of it, which I promised should be the case. I have now sent for his inspection a proof impression from the plate, nearly finished, and hope it will meet his approbation so far as to favour it with his name in the dedication. Thomas Estcourt to Lord Verulam. 1798, February 11. Estcourt. — I deferred answering your letter till I had weighed your proposition that we had better give a little than have the whole taken from us. Your argument is admirably supported by the Bishop of LlandafT in his late pam- phlet, and indeed the more a man reflects on the subject the more convinced he must be of the necessity of making great national exertions and great sacrifices, and the question whether we shall continue to be a great, flourishing and happy nation depends upon whether there is sufficient public virtue in the country to make voluntarily such sacrifices and exertions as the pressure of the occasion demands. I am so convinced of this that I have given a power to subscribe my name for any sum at the bank above 300Z. and under 500Z. per annum during the war, as a voluntary subscription, in addition to my assessed taxes. Next year I will do more if more is wanted. 175 We are just returned from a few days at Badminton where various very good reforms are in agitation, and as far as I can judge by what I have hitherto seen, the only effect, or the princi- pal one. which the [word illegible] of the time will have on the higher classes of society will be to introduce some very proper and much [wanted ? ] regulations into families, and to make people more masters of their own houses, by making servants more attentive and less insolent than they have been. T. S. D. Bucknall to Lord Verulam. 1798, February 22. — I yesterday, upon the application of Mr. Cooper, presented a bill to the House of Commons to enable the churchwardens and principal inhabitants of the parish of St. Peter, St. Albans, to regulate certain sums of money expended in the repair of the church and [for] other purposes, and appointed for the committee : — Lord Bingham, Mr. Baker, Mr. Bucknall, Mr. Mainwaring, Mr. Pierrepont, Sir John Frederick and Lord Hawksbury, with the members of the county and town of Hertford and the county and town of Bedford. I am as hearty as anyone for the support of the King and constitution ; have subscribed to the parishes of St. George, Bloomsbury, St. Giles, and St. Mary- le-Bone, each 201. Would 50L be a proper sum for me to give as member for St. Albans. G. Arnald to Lord Verulam. 1798, February 23. No. 7, Pitfield Street, Hoxton.— Thanks him for the praise bestowed upon his, the writer's work ; the plate has experienced some alterations for the better since I had the honour of presenting proofs to your lordship. Lord Verulam to Joseph Gape, Mayor of St. Albans. 1798, March 12. [Gorhambury]. — After leaving you this morning I could not help turning my mind to the subject which we had conversed upon, and as I have very decidedly made up my mind on the propriety and even necessity of the present subscription for the public service, you will not think me impertinent in stating to you the principles on which I found that opinion. I believe every well-disposed and enlightened Englishman is fully convinced that France has uniformly one object in view, viz., to aggrandise herself at the expense of her neighbours, and that she feels the power of Britain to be almost the only impediment in her way. She has declared her inveterate malice against that power, and has reduced us to the necessity of either continuing the war or resigning our independence as a nation. On such a question I hope we shall have no difficutly in making our decision. The mode that France pursues to level us to the standard of her wishes is by attacking our finances, and, indeed, I believe it is in that point we are the most vulnerable ; but I 176 trust that sufficient public virtue and liberality will be found among us to defeat her object in that particular, and that the measure which the minister has adopted of raising the money within the year to defray the expenses of [the war] will enable us to ward off the blow and secure the credit of the country. If this measure is thought right at the present crisis, and T believe there are but few who think otherwise, it surely becomes us individually and collectively to exert ourselves in supporting it, and endeavour, as far as lies in our power, to supply by sub- scription those deficiencies in the tax which the allowed modi- fications must necessarily produce. If the above argument is just, I should be sorry, and I am convinced you would be equally so, that St. Albans, which certainly takes the lead among the towns in Hertfordshire, did not set an early and bright example to the others of liberality and public spirit on the present occasion. I have written the above rather in vindication of my opinion than from the most distant idea that you could want any heat to raise your zeal on so in- teresting a subject. I really think your own liberal subscription should be publicly known in the town, n,ot as a matter of ostentation, but example, and that it should not sleep on Mr. Cooper's desk like an old worn-out act of parliament. St. Albans Volunteers. 1798, September 10. — Form of prayer used at the consecration of colours presented to the St. Albans volunteers by the Hon. Harriot and the Hon. Charlotte Grimston. Sarah, Duchess of Marlborough to Mr. Grimston. [XVIII Century]. — " I have just now received the favour of yours of the 27th of January, concerning Mr. Pembrooke, who I wish may succeed in what you desire for all those reasons which you give, and I have directions from the Duke of Marlborough to write about it as you propose, but I think it will be a very difficult matter to manage Mr. L[omax] as he should be in this affair by men that, in all probability, he is not very well pleased with having taken C.M.'s part against him, and by the representation which I had of Mr. L[omax] I could not persuade myself that it was reasonable for me to make any answer to his letter, being so foolish and false, which I suppose will not incline him much to comply with my desires ; but if Mr. , or anybody else more proper that you can think of, will say that the Duke of Marl- borough will take it kindly of Mr. L[omax] to do in this matter as you direct, that is all I can think of at present, besides writing to CM. to obey you in what you are pleased to order him. and I will write to the other gentleman to the same purpose. I hope before now you received my letter in answer to that you wrote in the vindication of CM." Postscript : — " I think it will be better, or as well at least, for you to send to CM. as for me to write to him, and let him read in this 177 letter that it is the Duke of Marlborough's commands that he should do in this business concerning Mr. Pembrooke just as you would have him and when there is any particular thing that I should write to anybody, you will be pleased to let me know it." Sarah, Duchess of Marlborough to [Mr. Grimston]. [XVIII Century]. — " I am confident the report you have had at St. Albans of a dissolution of the parliament, which has assisted the Queen so well to get the better of France, is only put about by the enemies to the government, but if so unlikely a thing should happen, I believe I have very little interest in St. Albans, and I can't do anything in a business of that nature without first acquainting the Duke of Marlborough. I am extremely ashamed to think that I have not yet ordered the payments of so small a sum as is due to you from Sanderidge, which has proceeded from want of time and the uneasiness of looking upon old accounts ; but I am resolved to do it when I go next to London, and I will take care to pay what is due to any person you will please to appoint to receive it." Holograph. The Hon. Miss Grimston to The Hon. Mrs. Warde, Squerryes, Westcrham, Kent. 1804, September 7. Gorhambury. — "The great event being most happily concluded, I lose no time, not having one moment to spare, to communicate the particulars to you, and I believe everything has been conducted with the greatest military decorum, as the Duke of York's aide-de-camp gave his sanction to it, and suggested, most good-humourdly, many little particulars which would not otherwise have been thought of. " At 12 o'clock the volunteers, with their officers, marched on the ground, which was at the back of the house, and they were drawn in a line facing it ; the colours were then conveyed and laid across two drums; one is the King's colour, the other is the arms of Herts, round it the motto, 'St. Albans Corps of Volunteers,' and laurels, etc., round the whole, painted most brilliant, and a great deal of gilding, upon buff silk. " We, the company, then, with the chaplain, followed Harriot, who leant on Mr. Paget's arm, and stood facing the soldiers, very near the colours ; then the music struck up ' God save the King.' The chaplain then stept forward and read his prayer remarkably well ; my brother stood on the other side of the colours. Then Harriot made her speech extremely well, most audibly ; my brother made her a reply and a very long address to the volunteers. I ought to have told you there was a manoeuvre to bring the ensigns, with a sergeant, forward between the benediction and Harriot's speech. My brother then took the King's colour and gave it to one ensign, who received it on one knee, and then the other colour to the other ensign, who received it also^on his knee. After this they, the volunteers, gave a general huzza. L 178 "Then my brother went to them, gave the word of command for a great deal of manoeuvring and firing towards the woods ; the company stood for all this ; then he marched them with the music to the front of the house where four tables were spread, making an exact square, with a small one in the middle for the music ; being a fine day you cannot imagine what a beautiful effeet it had. They gave the usual loyal toasts; Mr. Grimston's health and prosperity; Lord Grimston, the founder of the feast, when he had left them, with a great many cheers to each toast, and then the officers marched them off and hurried them awav sooner than they would have otherwise done to give them- selves time to return for their dinner with us at 6 o'clock. Mary, Cecily ( ? ), Elizabeth and Henry came for the ceremony, and they are returned to King's Walden. They are all well. Mr. P. is extremely good humoured and interested about it. I think William and Mrs. B. looking deplorably ; Sophie very beautiful and gay. There was a good deal of world ; not many of the fine people of the country. The ground was kept by the cavalry volunteers, some of Mr. Lamb's, and some of Mr. Villiers' troops, I think about eight. Harriot was immensely frightened before the thing began ; her terror fortunately subsided and she went through her speech without faltering. Tt is very singular that she should have been so much more so now than on the former occasion. I am not sure of getting this directed, as it is very late, and my brother much hurried. Adieu, yours most truly. Harriot was very well dressed ; a muslin hat, with a lace crown, her garnet ornament at the turning up of the hat, with a bow over it, and feathers, garnet earings, broaches, and cross, her beautiful cloak, coloured gloves. Cecily ( ? ) wore a veil, hat and feathers, and all her purple stones. Mrs. B. a blue bonnet and feathers. Sophia, an immense large straw obi hat, and coral ornaments On the subject of dress, I had the mis- fortune to tear my fine lace cloak. Adieu once more." The Earl of Bridgwater to Lord Verulam. 1806, September 24. Ashridge. — " I send you an account of the threshing machines, and shall be happy if it be the means of introducing so valuable an improvement on your estate. Though I have not the least intention of endeavouring to rival you in the borough of St. Albans, you need not quote me, but I think it fair to mention that I saw a threshing machine at Kens worth which I was told had been made by a man at St. Albans, and which did its work ill and in a manner of which we should be ashamed. It is not such a machine that I recommend. As I was uncertain whether you would honour the Berkhampstead ball to-morrow I send this by post. Enclosing : — "Account of Threshing Machines : Lord Bridgewater provides his tenants in Shropshire with threshing machines at the rate of 71. 10s. per cent, upon the whole cost, the shed to cover the horse wheel included. The total expense of a good machine, worked by four horses, and which will thresh from 179 fifteen to twenty bushels of ivheat per hour, comes to about eighty guineas. The tenants keep their machines in repair at their own expense. With common care it will not come to more than two or three pounds a year for each. On quittina their farms the threshing machine is left, in proper repair and in good order, for the succeeding tenant upon the same terms. The rate of 71. 10s. is too low ; but it was proposed by his lordship's agent by way of encouraging the tenants to use them, there being none in the county at that time. SI. 10$., 91., and sometimes 10?. per cent, is paid in other parts of the kingdom. As the tenants will get their corn threshed for less than one half of the expense of threshing by hand, besides an undoubted saving in the produce by cleaner threshing of from 5t. to 81. per cent., and without risk of being robbed by their servants or labourers while the work is going on, they can well afford to pay a good percentage. The straw is somewhat broken by the machine, which makes it better for cattle ; not so good for thatch, but straw may be drawn from the heap that will do for thatch. " When a tenant has a machine, one barn of three bays, the first to deposit the stack taken in to be threshed, the second for the machine to be fixed in, and the third to lay up the straw in, the whole length of the barn being from 60 to 70 feet, by 18 or 20, will be sufficient for a farm of four or five hundred acres, provided the crops are stacked in an adjoining yard, which is the universal custom in Yorkshire and the north of England, as well as in Scotland, and by which means the corn not only keeps sweeter but is more free from waste by vermin ; and when a tenant gets used to a machine he will prefer one barn to two or three, as has been proved in several counties. Mildewed or damp corn that cannot, without great difficulty, be threshed by hand, is threshed very easily and very clean by a machine. There is an incalculable advantage to the farmer by enabling him to get his crops threshed out and delivered in a few days, if the markets be high. There are machines now constructing that require two horses only, price about 4:01. ; they will thresh from 10 to 12 bushels per hour, and answer well on small farms. All threshing machines are capable of being removed at a small expense, but it will not do to shift them often, or transfer them from one farm to another, so as to serve two tenants. " Among other advantages to the landlord, the use of a threshing machine leaves the tenant and his servants at liberty to work at their fences, to winter -fallow and drain the land, and do any kind of out-door work that the weather will admit of ; and on bad days the servants and horses may be employed in threshing. "A machine requires a man or woman, or boy, to hand the sheaves from the moiv to the feeder, a steady active man to feed, a man to take away the straw as it falls from the circular rake fixed in the machine, and a man or boy to throw the corn to one side as it comes out, rough -winnowed ; but it saves time and labour to have another winnowing machine at hand to give the grain a second and final dressing, and then to bag it up for market. 180 " It has been objected that threshing machines require many hands, but unless the markets are high, or a supply of straw be wanted, the farmer has seldom occasion to thresh but in bad weather, when his people can do no out-door work and when they would be idle, perhaps, if he had not that business for them to go to. Besides, as in the common mode of threshing the sheaves must be thrown from the mow, the straw put aside and bound up, the corn shovelled into a heap, and afterwards winnowed, it is only doing by four or five persons in one day what it would take one man by himself four or five days to do. " Some threshing machines have two sets of winnowing appar- atus -fixed in them, one below the other, and deliver the grain completely dressed, but these require a greater draught, are more expensive and cumbersome, and more liable to get out of order. The small machines worked by two horses have no winnowing apparatus, but the corn comes out separated from the straw. On the whole, those worked by four horses (and three will do after they have been used a few months) with one winnowing machine, seem the most useful." Philip Cowley, Junior, to Mr. Story, Solicitor, St. Albans. 1806, October 27. Watford.— "I have been to Hayes and Ealing after Cowley Kentish and Thomas Kentish. . . . The latter I saw at Ealing, who made me a promise of giving his vote to the Hon. Mr. Grimston. He is a comical fellow and, 1 believe, a dry dog, but a few glasses of brandy and water made him alive . . . He said when the day of t election was fixed, and he acquainted with it, he would come in his own way, meaning a horse and cart." St. Albans Election. 1806, October 29. — Receipt by Gye and Balne, printers, for expenses in connection with the St. Albans elections : — " Printing and gilting (sic) 500 labels, ' Grimston for ever,' etc., 5/." St. Albans Election. 1806, November 29. — Receipt by James Godbott, of St. Albans, for 51. 165. 6d. received of the Hon. Mr. Grimston for expenditure in connection with the St. Albans election. The items include (October 31) expenses upon voters, two days, at St. Albans 65. 6d. ; and 12 new ash staves for constables, with painting ditto black and yellow, writing ditto, 11. 10s. Od. ; cleaning and painting chair Prussian blue, 11. Is. Od. Lord Verulam to John Story, St. Albans. 1807, April 15. Grosvenor Square. — "In answer to your question on the subject of Mr. Kilby, I think his expectation of the whole 20L for the opening his house at the last election, which was 181 prevented by his own neglect or absence, is not reasonable, but I shall be willing to give him a gratuity of 15?., which I hope he will consider as an ample remuneration for his friendship, and as I am sure he ought to do when he considers that he lost the benefit o the opening, whatever it might have been, by his own fault and inattention, and not by any neglect towards him by us." Petition of Major Edward Warner, on half-pay, of the 26th regiment of foot, to Earl Bathurst, minister for the Colonies. After 1817. — " That early in the year 1807 your petitioner presented a petition to the Right Honorable Lord Castlereagh, then minister of state for the Colonies, praying that in consequence of certain losses owing to the dryness of the Island of Antigua, that his lordship would be pleased to recommend your petitioner for a certain quantity of Charaib land in the Island of Saint Vincent. "That in answer thereto your petitioner received a letter from Mr. Robert Wood, then private secretary to the Right Honorable Lord Castlereagh, stating that in the unsettled state of the claims of persons for the Charaib lands, that no positive answer could be given, but that your petitioner might have a grant of land in Trinidad ; in consequence of which letter your petitioner waited upon his excellency Major General Hislop, then governor of Trinidad, and shewed his excellency Mr. Robert Wood's letter, and although Governor Hislop had at that period relinquished giving any occupancies, yet he thought your petitioner, from statements in his petition marked A, and further [in] Mr. Robert Wood's letter, that your petitioner was entitled to the grant of two hundred quarries of land. " About the year 1817 Doctor Arthur Robertson petitioned his excellency Sir Ralph Woodford for one hundred quarries of the above mentioned two hundred quarries which your petitioner occupied and had in possession, although there were other un- granted lands contiguous. "Your petitioner having been positively informed that Doctor Robertson had obtained the occupancy of one hundred quarries of the said two hundred quarries of land which your petitioner conceived were granted to him, after his introduction of five white persons and thirty negroes into the colony, and the expenses attendant thereon, addressed the enclosed petition, marked B, fco his excellency Sir Ralph Woodford, and your petitioner's agents previously wrote the enclosed letter marked C to Doctor Arthur Robertson. "Your petitioner therefore humbly prays that in consideration of the very heavy expenses incurred by him in the pur- chase of a steam engine and other implements of husbandry, and also the great expenses of the cultivation of the said two hundred quarries of land, and in consideration of his services for twenty years in his Majesty's army, that your lordship would be pleased to have your petitioner reinstated in the one hundred quarries of land now occupied by Doctor Robertson, on vour 182 petitioner's paying Doctor Robertson the expenses ho may have incurred in felling the timber and planting of provisions. "And, further, that your lordship would be pleased to grant unto Doctor Robertson one hundred quarries of ungrarted land contiguous to the above granted lands, or as your lordship may think fit." Edward Varney to [The Earl of Verulam].* 1819, September 1G. Trinidad. — "After a most terrible passage from Dominica to this island, in which I was near starved to death and left nearly without water, having been out at sea fourteen days instead of three or four, I arrived at Margarita, where I found Admiral Birou and General English, of the patriot service. Their attentions to me were very great ; the admiral most kindly and handsomely lent me one of his armed sloops to convey me hither. I am perfectly of opinion from what I have seen and heard that the liberty of the Spanish main must ultimately succeed, and if England chooses she will, in consequence, find an immense debouche for her manufactures. Consider the extent of the country, the quantity of people, and her invaluable resources. I trust you will excuse me troubling you with the enclosed papers ; nothing but the unheard of cruelty of the case, if not redressed, could induce me to intrude upon you again. Let me beg of you to read the enclosed petitions, and I think, from what I know of your kind disposition, that you will forward them to Earl Bathurst. If the 200 quarries of land are not confirmed to me, which I certainly trust will be done through your lordship's kind interference, I must be mired, after the immense expenses I have incurred. I believe no other individual has ventured so much on the uncultivated lands, that is in the improvement thereof, by embarking so large a capital, and I naturally expected that government would be inclined rather to encourage than to take away from me. I regret to say Sir Ralph Woodford has gone so far as to take from me all my land, except 65 quarries. Wiry such conduct has been adopted, I am at a loss to conjecture, as I had not the pleasure of knowing him until three days ago when I arrived here. I therefore again beg of you to interest yourself with Earl Bathurst that the 135 quarries may be returned to me. An opportunity offering immediately for England, I am induced to hurry off this letter." Viscount Melbourne to the Earl of Verulam. 1832, February 15. Whitehall. — Acknowledges the receipt of a request that "the Cassio troop may be incorporated into and form part of the Herts corps of yeomanry cavalry, and states that the King approves thereof. The above named corps will hence- forth consist of four troops, and 225 privates in all. * Lord Verulam was created Earl of Verulam 24 November, 1815. 183 J. Mervin Nooth to Lady of Verulam. [XVIII Century*]. " I have the honour of writing to you by the unfortunate Mr. Deane, who has lately been in captivity amongst the rebels, and is just returned to New York with scarce anything more than his skin on his back. The poor lad is now going home in the Janus frigate, and 1 hope will be fortunate enough to reach London without any more disasters. As I already know your good wishes for the Deane family, I think it but justice to the young man to say that I have heard a good account of him since he has been on this station. He is brave and active, and in the opinion of the world here he promises to be an able sea officer, provided his friends can push him forward in the service. " By the invalid ships I have this day had the honour of sending some American shrubs, addressed to his lordship, under the care of a Mr. Hatcher, of the general hospital. The good account which I hear of those sent last year emboldened me to make a second attempt, and I hope it will meet with your approbation. To tell the truth, I am somewhat bit at present by botany and cannot help thinking every one as fond of shrubs and trees as myself ; independent too of the present satisfaction which I have in sending these plants, I please myself with the thoughts of meeting them again in Britain, and long for the moment with the utmost impatience. Some little time ago my expectations of a speedy return to Europe were great, but our late disasters to the southward damp all my rising hopes of that nature. "You cannot at this time be a stranger to our disgrace in the Chesapeake. The Gazette has, without doubt, published our misfortunes and details as to them. I shall therefore only say on the occasion that I world in a more circumstantial manner than is in my power to hope the nation will have spirit enough to call to an account and punish the authors of our misfortunes. That there are faults somewhere is, I believe, undeniably true, but I shall not venture to give my opinion respecting the cause of our disgrace. "Had not the hurry which attends the embarkation of our invalids prevented me, I should have had the honour of writing by this opportuntiy to Mrs. Walter, but I am afraid it must be deferred till after the arrival of the next packet, there being no prospect of any other vessel going for some months to Europe." MISCELLANEOUS MSS. VOLUMES. Court Rolls. 31 Henry III to 5 Edward III. — A transcript [15th century ? ], in a vellum bound volume, of proceedings at the manorial courts [Hallmoti] of Kingsbury, St. Albans. Some of the courts were held at Childwick and some at Westwick. The names of persons and places are very numerous and interesting : among the latter occur " Watelingstrate " (p. 26) and u Salliputtes" (p. 29). The proceedings at the earlier courts are at the end of the book, on loose sheets of parchment. * This letter should have been placed on p. 177. 184 Survey of Somersetshire Manors. Survey, in two vellum-bound volumes, of manors within the eounty of Somerset, anciently annexed to the Duchy of Cornwall, and now part of the possessions of Charles, Prince of Wales, Duke of Cornwall and York, etc., perambulated by John Norden, between 1609 and 1616. The manors surveyed are : — Milton Falconbridge. Farington. Currey Mallet. Inglescombe. Shepton Mallet. Widcombe. Stratton-on-the-Foss. West Harpetre. Midsomer Norton. Laverton. Stoke under Hambdon. There is an index of tenants of each manor. Survey of Cornwall. A similar survey of Cornwall ; a number of beautifully drawn plans are at the end of the volume. Parchment-bound Volume of Legal Miscellanies. XV Century. (i) An imperfect register of writs. (ii) A register of legal cases, Michaelmas 2, Henry VI. (iii) A similar register, Easter 9, Henry V. (iv) A similar register, 1, Henry VT. On the last page but one is the following : " Memorandum delyvered unto Humfrey Blacke, servant with Mr. Cooke, one dede of gyfte of certen landes and tenements in (sic) sytuate and lying in Ippswyche, made from Fraunces Horseman, widow, unto the seyd John Coke, gentleman, berynge date xiii U) die Mali anno prima Regince Elizabethan, per me Humfridum Blake " On the cover are some 15th century drawings of figures and animals, and a prayer for John Gauge the original ( ? ) owner of the book. A Survey of Gorhambury. XVII Century. "The park is enclosed with a very fair new pale, such as is seldom seen about any other park, which pale cost at least 800/. within four years. " There is a warren of coneys well stored and the burrows in good repair, upon 72 acres within the park, which warren itself being upon the worst part of the ground is well worth 60/. per annum. " A good part of the ground is mowable and very good pasture, which may well recompence the meaner sort of ground which is amongst the same, which, nevertheless, is excellent ground for wheat, the worst of it. "For the greatest part of the ground, it is ground (document torn) and hath rested long, which if it sjiould be ploughed up would ... a very great commoditie, and though it should 185 be used for [p]leasure yeat thates all one, for it is on the grounde a richnesse, use it as one will. " Lastly, though the timber and all hedgerows be hereafter vallewed by themselves, yeat the yongar hedges, which are very manie and good, are not vallewed at all. "The demesnes of the mfanor of Gorhamjbury and Wcstwick and divers other grounds which lie without the park. " The site of the manor new house of Verulame, with courts and gardens containing 1J acres. "Meadow or rich pasture grounde lying about Verulame House being formerly divided into small closes, 20 acres. " The ponde yards, besides the ponds themselves, being very good meadow, 4J acres. "Site of the keeper's house, and the orchard and garden lying to it, with the green way, cometh to \ acre. "The tarase grounde, newly set with rows of trees, from the park gate at Windmill Hill to Verulam House, being meadow and mowable ground, which containeth 17 acres. "Sum total of the meadow and mowable ground, not reconing the site of the two houses, 91 acres, 1 rood." Bacon ( ? ) Estate Book. An entry book (17th century) of deeds relating to the Bacon (?) estates, in Essex, London* and Hertfordshire. The estates dealt with are : — Markes. Copt Hall. Roses. Woolwich Marsh. Adamers. Messengers and Arnowes. Horrells. Gorhambury. Burston. Wyndridge. Quylletts about St. Albans. Lands bought of Atkins. Lands bought of Wm. Marson. Ny colls. Bartlett Wood. Howfields. Lands bought of Mr. Cock. Childwick Mill. Eversden in Westwick. Lands bought of Maynard. Lands bought of Sir Richard Lee. Lands bought of Hawgood. Mullyfeures, bought of Mr. Wendie. Chedder. Lands bought of Wm. Hall. The Gorhambury title begins : — 1 April, 6 Edward VI. Covenant between Sir Ralph Rowlett and Edward Saunders, and others. 10 December, 2 and 3, Philip and Mary. — Indenture between Sir Ralph Rowlett and Nicholas Bacon. Sir Ralph referred to as son of Ralph Rowlett, citizen, and goldsmith ; Dorothy, wife of Sir Ralph is mentioned. London estates apparently not described. 18G Plan of Land at Stalbridge. 1760, 10 September. — A fine coloured plan of the several lease- hold and copyhold pieces or parcels of ground within the new inclosed park in Stalbridge, co. Dorset, of which leases have been granted to trustees by Edward Walter, esquire., and book of survey with it. EXTRACTS FROM NOTE BOOKS. Book of Notes of Sir Harbottle Grimston. "By the statute of 18°, H[enry] VI, it is enacted, that if any souldier, etc., which hath taken parcell of his wages of his captayne, and mustered, and is entred of record the King's souldier, doth not passe the ses or goe with his captayne, or departs without lycence, he shall be taken and executed as a felon, without benefit of clergy. "And by a braunch of a statute made 5° Eliz[abeth], is ordayned that the statute of 18°, H. VI, which was made to punish souldiers departing from theire captaynes without lycence, should extend to mariners and gunners. " But now that statute of 18°, H[enry] VI, is of no force, for the antient manner of reteyning of souldiers, to which the statute referrs, is altered ; for in former tymes, when the King was to be served with souldiers for his warrs, a knight or an esquire of the county that had revenues, farmers and tenants, would covenant with the King, by indenture inrolled in the Exchequer, to serve the King for such a terme with so many men. And now that ancient and excellent forme of military course being discontinued and antiquated, unto which [the] statute had referrence, the statute must consequently, at this present, be useless and of no force : Coke. " Later statutes have provided for that mischeife, for it is enacted by the statutes of 7°, H[enry] VII, 3°, H[enry] VIII, and 4 and 5, Philip and Mary, that if any souldier, mariner, or gunner, which hereafter shall be in wages and retayned, or taken any wrett to serve the King upon the sea or upon the land, or beyond the sea, shall depart out of the King's service without licence, that such departing shall be deemed and adjudged fellony : Coke." A Charge to the Grand Jury, 1638. " The lawes of this kingdome, though they are as good in them- selves as the will of man can invent, yet without execution they are but like cyphers without figures ; they stand for nothing, or like good apparell or garments that are layd by and never worne, and, for want of use are, with moths and wormes, destroyed and consumed. "We that sett here upon the bench, and yee that stand by and are the presenters, are by his Majesty, in our severall places, designed and appoynted to be the executioners of these lawes, and if they want the blessed effect of a happy reformation, or be .187 not profitable to the common wealth for the suppression of sinne and vice, which are the ends they were at first made and ordayned for, the fault is oures, for execution does, as it were, animare legem; it quickens, animates, and puts life into the law, wnich otherwise of it selfe is but littera mortua, a dead letter. "The very heathens, which were led meerely by the law and light of naturall reason, were exact in their morrall actions, and had, according to theire blind devotions, a via lactea, a milkey way, to theire fond, false, immaginary god ; as Saint Paull, in the second chapter of his epistle to the Romans, tells us that the Gentyles, which had not the law, did by nature the things contayned in the law, and having not the law were a law to them- selves. But wee, God be blessed for it, have another path to treade in and another rule to square and levill our selves by, and that is the perfect law of the ever living and most treue God, and man's lawes, which are but in the nature of ex- positions and commentaryes upon that devine law, from whence, as from a fountayne of justice, all human ordinances have theire derivation. "It is a shame for us that those poore, miserable, purblynde ethnicks, which satt in darkenesse and in the shadow of death, and were fayne to groope out theire way in theire black night of ignorance, should exceede and out-stripp us Christians in morallity and acts of justice. To reade in theire historyes what a hatred the Lacedimonians had to the brutish sinne of drunkennesse, might make us pitty them and loathe those, that under the tittle of Christians, practise intemperance more than heathennish. To reade of Lucretia, what a price she sett upon her chastity, that she choose to redeeme it with the losse of her life, might make us abhorre prostibulx amongst us, who setts honesty and all womanish modesty at sale. Theire hatred of bribes, theire reverence of magistrates, theire conscience of promises, and theire relegion of oathes, was admirable in them, and is worthy of oure immitation. "And besydes that devyne la we, which is lex legum et regula perfectissima, and besydes that dictamen of naturall reason, and the examples of those civill heathens, wee may yet goe one stepp lower, and from the creatures, and the very meanest of the creatures, gather and gleene instructions and helpes to the performance of oure dutyes, both in publick and in private. To behold the ante and the bee, and to contemplate and observe the rare and admir- able government, order, and unity that is amongst those simple creatures in theire little commonwealths, might inflame us with an emulation, not to be out done in our dutyes by those that are the cheapest of our servants, who, nevertheless, by reason of the sluggishnesse, pravity, and crookednesse of oure natures, are now become our tutors, teachers, and instructors, and therefore Salomen bidds us goe to the pismire and consider her wayes and be wise, who, (as that kingly preacher saves), hath neyther guide, overseere, or ruler, and yet provides her meate in summer and gatheres her foode in harvest. "Hippocrates, who is famous amongst the phisitions, as theire greate doctor and rabby, haveing searched out the secrett and 188 hidden vertues of all plants, hearbes, trees and minneralls, together with theire applications, at last concluded, that "totus mundus nil nisi silva remediorum erat" that the whole world was nothing else but a greate shopp or stoorehouse of medecynes and remedyes for deseases, and so I may say in the like kynd, upon the survaigh and view of the creatures, that totus mundus nil nisi Bens exflicatus est, et schola rudimentorum, that the whole world is nothing else but God explayned, and a greate schoole or colledge of precepts and rudiments to teach us our dutys. " But it may be yee may object that which Gallen sayth, though in another sence, that " ambus est faciendum facile est, sed quid faciendum est difficile, we know those generall notions, that things are amiss and out of order, but yet doe not tell us either what or how or which waye the worke is to be done, and indeed that's the greate difficulty to teach yee what yee are to doe, and how and in what manner yee are to deporte and demeane voure- selves in this greate busines ; for untill yee have put your selves into a right frame and temper it is impossible yee should perf orme your dutys in this service as ye ought to doe. " Therefore, to prepare and fitt yee in the way of your inquirys, I shall in the first place, earnestly entreate yee to empty your soules, that are, as Saint Paull sayth, the temples of the liveing God, and so disposses and eject out of those heavenly habbitations, the foule spirrit of mallice which lys hydden in the heart of man, like fylth and corruption in the bottome of a springe, and infectes the fountayne, or is like hott coles tackt up in embers, which, in its owne nature, is ready upon the first opportunity or occasion to sett all on fire and actuate mischiefe. Mallice, sayth one, is like an "ignis fatuus," that, with a false light, leades men in the night tyme out of theire wayes ; and therefore Saint John tells us, that he which hates his brother is in darknesse and walks in darkness and knowes not wheither he goes, because that darke- nesse hath blynded his eyes ; and in another place he tells us, that he is a manslaigher and a murderer, " quisquis odit fratrem suum homicida est," he that hates his brother is a murderer, sayes the same apostile ; that is dispositive as the schoolmen use to say, being in the high way to committ murder iff opportunety serves, a murderer affectu, in desyre, though not cffectu, for "quern quisque odit periisse expetit," a malitious man desyres the bloud and distruction of him whom he hates ; therefore, yee must be carefull to dense and purge your selves from this leaven, this bitter leaven of hatred and mallice. " Yee must also, in your inquiryes, lay assyde all base ends and private by-respects. Some, when they are of these greate juryes, the first thing the Divill bringes to theire thoughts is, that such a man presented me or caused me to be presented, and now I have opportunety, I will cry quit, and present him, wheither there be cause or not ; or such a nusance, I receive a dammage or a prejudice by it in my owne particular, and therefore I will present that, and so make revenge, and theire owne private commodityes the onely ends that they propose to themselves, in this greate work of justice. These are those that sacrifize to theire owne netts, as ISO the Appostile tells us, or like the Pharisees, that tyth mint, and commin, but neglect the wayghtier matters of the law ; the honouie of God, and the good of the commonwealth, which ought onely to be respected in this greate service, is farthest from theire thoughts, and that is the reason why this worke of justice, for the most part, is never more than halfe done. I hope there are none such upon this inquest, but if there be, they must know that there is a God above, an all-seeing God, that discovers the secretts of all men's souls, and that hates and abhorrs this halfe hearted service. "And as yee are to unrobe and dismattle your selves of these menstraous raggs of hatred and mallice, and a ] l base ends, and private by-respects, so on the other syde, yee are to put on the armoure of righteousnesse, and with courage to make true present- ments, not fearing the face of any man, and to take it seriously into your considerations, that yee have now, all of yee, taken an oath, impartially to administer justice equally, evenly, and in- differently to all men, without respecting your freinds for favoure, the poore for theire poverty, or the rich for theire wealthes. And thus, non ostentare portam sine urbe, not to r >:ri of this Abbey, which is open to the heavens, was cleared about 18 years ago by the Duke of Beauford, to whom it belongs. There is an old ruin at Cheapstow which is called Cheapstow Castle, that belongs to the same family, destroyed by Oliver Crom- well. After we had examined the Abbey we amused ourselves by surveying the iron and wire mills which are situated close by the village of Tinton. After our return to Cheapstow, and having refreshed ourselves we rode to Pearcefield [Piercefield], belonging to Mr. Morris. This place, which may boast of every beauty which the lavish hand of nature can distribute, long lay uncultivated, and by the ill taste of the late possessor, all its (now unrivalled) elegances were first unveiled and shewn to the world by the happy genius of Mr. Morris. The woods situated on the rock by the side of the river Wye are cut through by a walk, which in proper places opens to your view the opposite rock, the rivers Wye and Seven, the town of Cheapstow, and all the beauties of a most extensive prospect. If I were to endeavour to describe the variety, the natural and artificial beauties, the grandeur and extent of the prospects, etc., etc., I should either fall far short in my expressions or I should appear to be partial in my account, which, if it is excusable in any case, it must be allowed that Mr. Morris's civility would be a just apology for it in this. In justice to the place itself, in justice to its owner's good taste, to which it owes its improvements, and to the entertainments (I may add improvement we received there) gratitude obliges me, my own opinion dictates to me, to acknowledge that, if art and nature combined can form a perfectly beautiful situation, they must appear to have endeavoured at it in this. Mr. Morris's very obliging civilities induced us to accept of an invitation he made us of supping with him ; the polite reception we met with engaged us to dine with him the next day, and his usual complaisance to strangers induced him to give us letters of recommendation to his friends. I must not forget to add that Mrs. Morris joined with him in endeavouring to show us every kind of politeness. By her recollection it was we owed the pleasure we had in hearing the report of a gun as near as possible vie with the bursts of real thunder, the rocks returning the echo 23 times. "23 Aug. — In the evening we left our hospitable entertainer and travelled on to Monmouth, which has nothing to boast of but the ruins of a castle, in which Henry the Fifth first drew his breath, and a plain but convenient town hall and market place under it. "24 Aug. — From Monmouth we went to Ragland Castle to examine what was formerly a place of great strength, but now a mere heap of ruins. It was built in 900, and was destroyed by Fairfax after a long resistance in 1641. That and the farms about it are in the possession of the Beauford family. From thence we rode on to Abergavenny, which has been the resort of company to drink goat's milk (?) but has now lost its credit on that account. Near this place is a famous mountain called the Sugar Loaf from conical shape. Our curiosity induced us to ascend this precipice with great difficulty, but with the hopes of seeing the most extensive prospect, which really upon observing (I may almost say) exceeded our expectations. 253 "25 Aug. — From Abergavenny we went to Pont-y-Pool (ten miles) to see Mr. Hanbury and his iron manufactory, which is as complete as any in England. Within a mile of the town is the mine from whence it is procured. It then goes through all the stages of separating it from the dross, afterwards it goes through the rollers to reduce it into a sheet, then it is split by a forcing engine and afterwards reduced into wire, etc., etc. In this placa also it is tinned. Here is also a manufactory for japanning. In short this town, in itself not at all remarkable, is well worth seeing on account of the business that is transacted by these mills, which are all worked by water, and consequently not very ex- pensive. Mr. Hanbury's house is situated in a small park at the bottom of the town and is always open to give an hospitable reception to gentlemen of all denominations. The owner is passionately fond of all kind of country diversions, which keeps him much on this side the Seven, though in the winter season his parliamentary engagements for the county of Monmouthshire obliges him to pass some time in London. The roads, which have been much improved by the assiduity of Mr. Morris, are yet very stony and disagreeable. From Pont-y-Pool, after having dined with Mr. Hanbury, we rode to Usk, a town situated on a river of that name, over which a very noble bridge at the entrance of the town, which is not in itself at all remarkable. The roads are extremely bad and stony, although much improved by the care of Mr. Morris. " 26 Aug.— From Usk to Botholey [Bertholey], Mr. Gardner's seat, the road, considering it in Monmouthshire, rather commend- able. The situation of this house is delightful ; a rising wood behind of a great extent adds a pleasing variety to the prospect at the front, which is on a vale enlivened with beautiful meadows through which the river Usk meanders. This prospect is extended as far as the mountains of Abagavenny and that continued range of hills which terminates the view. The grounds, near the house, which, according to the custom of Wales, he pleases himself in calling his park, have been much improved, and yet have great abilities of being farther beautified. The house in itself has nothing to boast of but its hospitality, which we experienced. "27 Aug. — Mr. Gardner's civility induced him to show us the country himself, which he did by carrying us first to Monnwy Lloyed Hill, [Mynydd Llwyd] from whence you have the most extensive view, which is much enriched by the Seven often break- ing in upon the sight. On this hill are the vestiges of an ancient Druid Temple ; the only remains at present is a number of stones standing erect, nearly on the summit of the mountain. In fact it is Stone Henge in miniature. From this place we rode to another hill or mountain called Golden Hill, and indeed from the beauty of the prospect it justly deserves the epithet. In the afternoon we proceeded on our journey to Newport, and in our way ascended the hill called Kemys's Folly from a summer house built on the top. From hence you have the capital view that the country of Monmouthshire affords. On the front you look down on a most extensive vale through which the river Usk in its 254 channel forms .32 curves, beyond which, at an immense distance, are the mountains which I mentioned before. The back prospect is not without its peculiar elegances, the chief of which is the Severn. If the sun is favourable and the tide out, the effect it has is astonishing. The ships, the islands, and the water itself washing the banks of a fruitful country, all of which open themselves at one view together with the other land prospects, must be con- fessed to be a most delightful scene, and almost to equal any that fancy can paint. From hence to Newport. " 28 Aug. — Newport on the banks of the river Severn ? has nothing to recommend it but its harbour, by means of which it carries on a good trade to Ireland. The houses are scattered and ill-built. From hence we travelled to Caerfilly [Caerphilly] to see the famous ruin of a castle which even in its present remains shews its ancient strength and magnificence. The accounts they give are so confused that they are not worth inserting. They report that it was erected long before this kingdom was invaded by the Romans, and that it was destroyed by battering rams, consequently before the use of powder was known. For a better account of this building Camden may be consulted. The moat that surrounds the outside wall is a mile round, which may give some idea of the dimensions of the whole. From hence our curiosity led us seven miles farther through the worst roads that as yet I had ever seen (though we were obliged to return to lie at Caerfilly) to see a famous bridge [Pontypridd] over the river Taaffe, which is formed of one arch only, although the river in that place is 140 feet over. The dimensions of the bridge are 144 feet in length and 36 feet from the bed of the river. This bridge, which is really a very handsome and strong building, erected by Mr. Edwards, a mason, at the small expense of £500, and indeed may be said to be as famous for that as any other article. The arch is supposed to be larger than any other in Great Britain. Near this, over an arm of the same river [Rhondda], is another bridge, but not of the same dimensions. At this place we were necessitated to sit down to a very homely dinner of bread and cheese, after which we returned by the same road to Caerfilly. " 29 Aug. — From Caerfilly we followed the turnpike to Cardiff to breakfast. This place deserves not our attention, except for the remains of a castle now in the possession of Lord Windsor. Our guide was not at all acquainted with the history of the place. All we had to judge from was the appearance of the ruins, which I thought did not bespeak the same antiquity with the castle at Caerfilly. He thought that it owed its destruction to the ravages of Cromwell's army. Some parts of it are kept in repair to entertain the burgesses of Cardiff in on particular occasions. In the town of Cardiff are some copper mills lately erected. From hence we went to Llandaff to view the cathedral, which is raised on the remains of the ancient building, which was Gothic, and this being in the Ionic order creates such a confusion of Gothic and Roman architecture that it appears very ridiculous. On the west side yet remains some part of the old cathedral, in which the bells are hung, but I should suppose it is permitted to stand merely to convince strangers that the cathedral at Landaff had formerly been very considerable. The present one has nothing to recommend it. I must not omit remarking that this was one of the first bishoprics instituted in England. The honour they pay to their departed friends by planting the graves round with flowers is particular and not displeasing. We went from hence to Wenvow, belonging to Sir Edmund Thomas, who very obligingly invited us to dine with him, which we accepted, and afterwards, by way of amusement, went to what we should call a wake, but the Welsh call it a mapsant [gwylmabsant*] viz. : — a meeting of the country people to dance, which in this part of the world happens very frequently. Wenvow [Wenvos] Castle, the name of Sir Edmund's place, is not at all worth seeing ; the grounds about it by being laid out in the modern taste are rather pleasing, and show the genius of the father of the present possessor, who, fired with the zeal of electioneering and improving his place, spent here more than the income of his estate would allow ; the ill-consequences of which the son now experiences in. such a manner that he is obliged to pay off the debts his father con- tracted by parting with his inheritance. " 30 Aug. — In the morning we rode with Sir Edmund to view a prospect from a hill called the Garth, which answered every expectation we had formed of it. On the south, at a distance, we look on the Severn and the neighbouring country ; at the bottom of the hill the Taaff flows between the two inclining woods, which form a very romantic scene. On the other side the mountains and country around open to the view a most extensive prospect. From Wenvow, in the evening, we rode to Cow- bridge. The weather being rainy and disagreeable, our ride, which would otherwise have been very pleasant, turned out quite the contrary. Cowbridge is not worth the attention of the traveller. "31 Aug. — From Cowbridge to St. Danoets [Donat's] Castle, which is no otherwise worth going to except that it may be admired for its antiquity and the prospect from it over the Severn. The accommodations for travellers are so exceedingly bad that we were obliged to request a breakfast from a neighbouring farmer, which his civility induced him to comply with, and his eager desire after money to impose upon us an exorbitant demand for what we supposed had been intended as a free gift. From hence to Margan, a village situated near the sea shore, with Mr. Talbot's house and woods behind it. These grounds, or rather the produce of them, viz., the orangine, the hanging wood, the open grove of oaks and the nursery of young trees, are perhaps as well worth seeing as anything in Glamorganshire. The wood immediately at the back of the house, containing 300 acres and covering a mountain, is cut into a most pleasing walk, from whence you have a prospect of the British Channel, the opposite hills and all the neighbouring country. The orange trees surpass in size and beauty any I have as yet seen ; their situation with the laying out of the ground may be amended, and which the good taste of the owner, I don't doubt, will immediately on his arrival point out to him. * The feast of a patron saint. 256 " 1st September. — From Margan we followed the turnpike till we came to Mr. Mackworth's [the Gnoll] at Neath, to whom our letter of recommendation introduced us. His house, which is a modern one, is situated on the left of the town, and prettily protected from the east by an open grove of oak. His walks cut through the wood, the natural cascades, and the many pleasing prospects contribute to make the place agreeable ; but the hospitable entertainment a stranger meets with from the possessor I am more particularly bound to admire. If I was to consider the beauty of a place abstracted from its trade and manufactory, I should condemn the copper works, the coal mines and the different engines to get rid of the superfluous water, as being too much within view of the house, but, as from hence the riches of the place are collected, the man who owes his support to it should look with satisfaction on the source, and rather consider them as appendages on the beauty of his place than blemishes. The soil near this place is naturally bad, but has been so far improved as now to be worth £20 or £30 an acre. There is nothing remark- able in the town of Neath. "2nd Sept. — In the morning we employed ourselves by riding about the neighbourhood of Neath with Mr. Mackworth ; in the evening we pursued our journey on to Swansea, which, if the tide is in, is difficult of access, as you are obliged to ferry over the river Twy which runs on the side of the town. In the neigh- bourhood are very extensive copper works. "3rd Sept. — From Swansea through a very pleasant country to Penclaud, which is a very diminutive village by the side of the Seven. From hence it is absolutely necessary to take a guide to shew the way over the sands to Kaedwilly [Kidwelly] which are, when the tide is in, impassable, and when it is out, if you are properly directed, very pleasant to ride on. The great danger to those that are unacquainted with them is what is generally called the quick sand, which is a collection of soft sand, not sufficiently solid to bear any great weight, and will, if not care- fully avoided, so envelop the person that is on them that he will find it very difficult, if not impossible, to extricate himself. We saw enough of them in our ride to be acquainted with their nature without experiencing the danger. After we had got through the intricacies of this ride, we entered the town of Kaedwilly, which has nothing to boast of except the remains of a castle which is only to be admired for its antiquity. " 4th Sept. — From Kaedwilly in the morning we traversed part of the forementioned sands, with our landlord by way of guide, to some coal pits belonging to Mr. Pemberton, which are worked horizontally into the bottom of a mountain, and are conveyed out by means of a cart which passes backwards and forwards without turning. Great part of the produce of these pits is shipped off for Cornwall and Devonshire, which counties in return send iron and copper ores to be manufactured here. From this place we repassed the sands with our guides, and by the help of a ferryboat got at Laughern, where we were recommended to Mrs. Bevan, who furnished us with a bed. The castle at 257 Laughern is scarcely worth seeing, especially as every town in this part of the world has the like ruins to boast of. 5th. — From Laughern to Tenby part of the road over a very pleasant country and part, if the tide is out, over the sands on the sea shore. The town of Tenby is situated on a peninsula formed by the sea, and was formerly protected by a fort and castle, the remains of which are thought worth seeing. The church is neat but not remarkable. This town and all others near are supplied with great plenty of good fish. From hence to Pembroke. 6th Sept. — Pembroke town is situated on a rock near the river which gives them [the inhabitants] an advantage in trade. It is formed into a long street, which is divided by a cross one. The castle is attended to by strangers ; the only remains are a mere heap of ruins, which by their ... * bespeak their former grandeur. King Henry VII. was born in this place, within two miles in Carey [Carew] Castle as it is usually called" The Lord Littleton denies its being a castle and conjectures that it was only designed for a private mansion. We dined this day with Sir William Owen, who keeps a very hospitable house within two or three miles of the town [Drielton]. In the afternoon, with the help of Sir William's man, we travelled on to Haverford- West. This road is so intricate as to make it absolutely necessary to take a guide. 7th Sept. — From Haverford West we went to Mr. Matthews, with a letter from Sir William Owens to request the use of his boat up Mi] ford Haven, which is the pride of Pembrokeshire, and indeed for beauty or convenience to shipping it may vie with any harbour in Europe, though from particular reasons, such as its being in direct opposition to the interests of Portsmouth and Plymouth, very little traffic is carried on here. Seventy thousand pounds has been expended in raising a fort on this haven, which is now but half finished and seems likely to be no longer regarded. A rock which is generally called the Stack appears to be a much more convenient situation for a fort than that what has been fixed on. The tide and wind obliged us to take up our lodgings this night at Habbertson [Hubberston], a village situated on the banks of the haven, and in which very good beds may be met with at the King's Arms. On each side of this water many seats and villages are interspersed. 8th Sept. — From Habbertson we returned to our hospitable entertainer, and afterwards went to Mr. Keemar's, at Kobbertson [Robeston] near Habbertson, who provided us with beds. This house is not worth the attention of a traveller ; it is situated on a lawn, which, as indeed every other place in the neighbour- hood, on account of their vicinity to sea, is entirely without the beauty of trees ; the present inhabitant has a good taste for improvement. 9th Sept. — Mr. Keemar, by way of entertaining us, carried us again to the mouth of the harbour, which would have been an amusement if the rolling of the sea had not had the common effect on us, viz., if it had not made us very much out of order. We dined on the water, and had every beauty particularly pointed * Word omitted. 258 out to us ; contrary winds prevented our returning to Robbertson so soon as we intended. Here we again took up our lodging for the night, and were agreeably entertained by the company of the Miss Keemars. 10th Sept. — In the morning we went from Robbertson to St. Davids with a letter of recommendation to a clergyman in our pocket, which the very bad accommodation of this place makes absolutely necessary. The palace and cathedral are now mere ruins, but still have the remains of ancient grandeur. Part of the palace was erected by Saint Patrick (sic) for the reception of King John in his journey into Ireland ; a monument to this Saint is still shewed here. This place was once an archbishopric, but has been since translated m[to] the bishop's palace. They shew a kitchen which, by the number of fires, seems calculated to supply all the luxuries of eating. A statue of King John and Queen Mary is yet seen over one of the portals belonging to the palace. The cathedral is a most noble and sacred pile of building, though it must now boast more of its antiquity than beauty ; it is 300 feet in length. The choir part is the exact size of the tower. The bishop's throne is particularly neat and beautiful ; the Mosaic pavement round the altar piece is worth observation. St. David's shrine is to be noticed. Bishop Vaughan's chapel is immediately behind the altar and is remarkable for the beauty of its architecture. The roof yet remains unhurt by time. This is the place in which it is said the penitents confessed their sins. St. Mary's chapel, greatly esteemed by our famous antiquarian, Brown Willis, is immediately beyond the other; a relic of St. Peter's head is here presented, (sic) as are also some other monuments of the bishops of St. Davids. In the church is the tomb of Edmund, Earl of Richmond, father to Henry VII, and also of the famous Owen Tudor. Saint David was said to be the father of King Arthur, and lived to be 146 years of age ; he was bishop of this place 65 years. From hence we returned to Mr. Laugh ern's where we slept. 11th Sept. — In the morning at 5 o'clock we mounted our cavalry to go to Haverford West, and in our way saw the dreadful effects of a stormy night, viz., a ship dashed on the rocks. From Haver- ford we went to Mrs. Trevallion's to breakfast. This place has more reason to boast of the inhabitant than the inhabitant of it, although the range of wood by the side of the water adds a great beauty to it. From thence we proceeded to Helridge [Picton] Castle, belonging to Sir R. Philipps, which is more a habitable house than a house that is worth seeing. It is situated in a park which is well wooded and therefore agreeable. From thence we were again obliged to go to Haverford West for a lodging. This place has nothing curious in it except an old castle, which is so common in this country that even that is scarcely to be remarked. 12th Sept. — We left Haverford West this morning after having made it our head quarters 4 days, and made use of an invitation sent to us from Mr. Wogan, at Wiston, which is only remarkable for its antiquity and the polite behaviour of its master to strangers, who shewed us every courtesy and endeavoured as much as possible to make our time with him agreeable. We slept here. •259 13th Sept. — In the morning, accompanied by Mr. Wogan, we went to Llawhaddness [Llawhaden] Castle, which is a barony belonging to the see of St. David. The prospect from it is pleasant and rather extensive ; the place in itself now only bespeaks its former magnificence. Near this castle by the side of a rivulet is a most romantic view of a fine inclining wood, extending itself along the ridge of hills with the ruin at the summit, which has a very pleasing effect. From hence we pursued the road to Carmarthen, through Narbath [Narberth], a village in which we dined. The weather in the evening was so exceedingly rainy as to prevent any observation either on the road or country. In the evening, after having taken care of ourselves by putting on dry cloaks, we determined to see the disposition of the inhabitants by going to the play, in which we succeeded beyond our expectations. The play being for the benefit of a favourite actor had crowded the barn in such a manner that happy was the man that got the first seat. The flower of the town were present and were entertained, not as a stranger would have imagined, by the performance of the actors, but by a scene of riot and confusion which the bucks of the place chose to exhibit to us. In short, from what we then saw, we easily conjectured that the peace and regularity of Carmarthen was but at a low ebb, especially as an alderman seemed to be well pleased with the proceedings, and the ladies looked on without any alarm. The parts of the play that were performed were quite in the style of strolling players, much better to laugh at than to admire. 14th Sept. — After having examined the town and a small manu- factory of iron, both of which fell far short of our expectations, we went to Mr. Rice's, at Newton, near Lanyllo [Llandilo], through the most pleasant road I ever beheld ; the mountains, the woods, and the river Towy are the principal objects. Newton is situated in a very agreeable park, prettily interspersed with timber, which is enlivened by the river Towy, which is introduced often with great success. The house, which is very uncommon in this country, is modern and calculated equally for convenience and magnificence. Mr. Rice's civility induced him to shew us a noble prospect from Golden Grove, which belongs to Mr. Vaughan, formerly an unsuccessful candidate for Carmarthenshire in opposition to Mr. Rice. From hence we see the ruins of three castles, viz., Newton, Careg-Canon and Disland [Dynevor, Cerrig-Cennen and Drysllwyn], which add much to the romantic view. 15th Sept. — From Newton, near Landilo, we were obliged to return to Carmarthenshire in our way to Cardigan to procure our- selves lodgings for the night. Near Carmarthen the Bishop of St. Davids has his palace. The beautiful prospects on every side of us in the beginning of the evening, and the clear light of the moon in the latter end of it, made our ride so agreeable as to alleviate our regret in leaving the amiable family at Newton. 16th Sept. — Took our leave of Carmarthen and, conducted by a guide, passed over the mountains into Cardiganshire, through Newcastle ; from thence to Mr. Owen Brigstock's, at Bran-y-Pant [Blaen-pant], near Cardigan, fronting the Carmarthenshire Hills, 2G0 many of which have been lately cultivated. The variety of hills and dales if properly enriched with wood would afford from hence a pleasing prospect, but, unfortunately for the country, it is not the taste of the inhabitants to plant ; consequently what might have been beautiful appears dreary. The produce of their lands is chiefly grass, not but they have corn in sufficient quantity for their own consumption. Their soil, if in the hands of a good farmer, would be rich ; but such is the poverty of the people that they cannot afford to manure and manage it properly, conse- quently their increase is small. 17th Sept. — Went to church and heard the service performed in Welsh, but the sermon, in compliment to Mr. Bridgstock, was English. The congregation was fall and remarkably attentive ; the psalms were sung well in parts. We afterwards saw a salmon leap on the river Tivy, or otherwise a natural cascade ; the mountains on each side, and the fall of water at the bottom, made this a very romantic scene. We were so fortanate as to see a salmon caught, while we were on the bank. From thence returned home and drank tea with the ladies. 18th Sept. — The incessant rains kept us entirely within doors this whole day. The company and agreeable familiarity of the women took off the tedium of it. 19th Sept. — Tn the morning the weather permitting,we rode to the banks of the Tivy where we took boat and rowed down to Cardigan. The prospects on each side of the river are as romantic as idea can frame them. Mountains covered with shrubs in the nature of those on the side of the Wye near Pearcefield [Piercefield], flank each side of this pleasing stream, which is as famous for its salmon as for its beauty. We were accompanied down the river by a number of fishermen in small light boats made of hoops covered with leather which they call corricles. In our way we called on Mr. Loyed [Lloyd], whose place is capable of great improvement, and might be, if the possessor had any taste, very eligible. A view of an inclining wood and Kilgerran Castle, now a mere ruin, adds much to the prospect from hence. Cardigan is a mean, dirty town, not worth a traveller's curiosity. From Cardigan we returned to Bran-y-Pont on horseback, and were agreeably entertained in the evening by the company of the ladies. 20th Sept. — After returning thanks for the civilities we had received at Mr. Bridgstock's, we set out for Aberystwith, and made Aberrison [Aberayron] our half way house, where we partook of the remains of a dinner which had been prepared for the enter- tainment of a bench of justices. This entire road is by the side of sea, which shews a dreary prospect on one side, and the uncultivated mountains equally so on the other ; no tree to break the unbounded view ; no shrub to beautify the unlimited range of mountains. After being tired with this long disagree- able ride we arrived at Aberystwith and comforted ourselves with good lodgings at the inn. 21st Sept. — From Aberystwith across the country to the Devil's Bridge, which is built on a most romantic spot, across two rocks, which, at the distance of 100 feet, flows a rill of water, which, falling under from a precipice, forms a noble cataract ; the mountains near 261 this place are covered with shrubs and are well worth observation. We dined at a house called Spatty [Yspytty Cynfyn], on bread and cheese, and afterwards, with the assistance of a guide, crossed the most dreary mountains that Wales has to boast of to Machenlenth [Machynlleth]. On the right hand we left the mountain called Plynlymmon, from whence the Severn and Wye take their source. Two miles from Machenlenth we entered Montgomeryshire which is the first county in North Wales. The town of Machenlenth [Machynlleth], is mean and not worth observation. Its situation is in a vale surrounded with a circular chain of mountains. 22nd Sept. — Rested ourselves and cavalry the whole day on account of the incessant rains. Our only amusement a very indifferent harper and a few playbooks. Memorandum. — No station so disagreeable as that in which there is nothing to do. 23rd Sept. — Got up at seven o'clock, breakfasted and set out for Newton [Newtown], which we arrived at in seven hours. The first part of our ride was over the most dreary uncultivated mountains, which producs not a tree to afford any protection against the in- clemency of the weather. The latter part was much improved both in cultivation and beauty. The town of Newton, where we dined, is not remarkable. From hence, in the afternoon, we pursued what was called a turnpike road to Montgomery, which, in about two hours, after having stood the test of three or four showers, we entered, and took up our lodgings in it for this night. 24th Sept. — After church, examined the town of Montgomery, which is so far from having yet got the better of the devastations made in it by Oliver Cromwell, etc., that it is not yet capable of receiving the judge and attendants on his circuit. He is therefore obliged to do his business at Pool [Welshpool]. The castle and fortifications are entirely destroyed. The town is situated in a most pleasant and fruitful vale, surrounded with the neighbouring mountains, on one of which, Henry VII. when Earl of Richmond marshalled his troops before he defeated Richard III. From hence you may see Limose [Lymore], Lord Powys's, Vaynor, Lord Hereford's, Powys Castle, etc. On the top of two others are the remains of two beacons from which, by means of fire, the Saxons notified the arrival of the Danes their enemies. The country around is much improved of late years, and is still capable of being made much richer by proper cultivation. From Montgomery we prosecuted our journey through a very bad road to Pool. The whole length of this vale bespeaks fertility and plenty, and produces a sufficient supply for what is wanting in the neigh- bouring mountains and uncultivated country. It is at Pool that the Severn first becomes of use by navigation. 25th Sept. — In the morning, visited Powys Castle, which from its former magnificence, its situation, and the view of Pool and the river Severn, from thence, is well worth the attention of the curious. The park, which is in dimensions eighteen miles round, and the lands near this once famous building have been well wooded, but the present lord robbed it of those beauties and left it in a naked condition. Twelve busts of the heads of the Csesars, which we saw in the picture gallery, would please all admirers of antiquity. From hence we returned to Pool, which, though not the county town, is much superior to Montgomery. It contains the militia when embodied, and the judge and attendants when they go this circuit. 26th Sept. — \From Pool we pursued the road through the valley of the side of the river Severn to Llanwillin [Llanfyllin]. The contrast between this part of the country and that near Mahynlleth [Machynlleth], is charmingly pleasing ; here the hills are covered with verdure and the vales bespeak unbounded fertility. The town of Llanwillin is small and has nothing to boast of except a neat church, which is built of brick, a very remarkable circum- stance in Wales, where the whole face of the country is stone. We dined in the town, and in the evening paid our respects to Mrs. Lloyd for a bed. This house is neat and comfortable and rather beyond the common run of Welsh buildings. 27th Sept. —From Mr. Bell Lloyd's, at Bodvack [Bodfack] we crossed the country to what is commonly called Rhaiadr Pistyll, which signifies a fall of water at or near Khaiadr. The breadth of this water is about 10 feet, which falls from the summit of a very stupendous and barren rock. It descends from the mountains of Berwin and divides the counties of Montgomery and Denbeigh, and the lordships of Powys and Chirk. It is five miles above the village of Llanrhadr in Mochnant [Lanrhaiadr-yn-Mochnant], to which it gives name together with the brook Rhaiadr which runs from it. The perpendicular height of the rock from whence it falls is 240 feet ; this is reckoned as one of the seven wonders of Wales. From hence over almost unpassable mountains, and really amongst the clouds, which very well soaked us, to Bala, where we dined at seven o'clock, not having been able to procure any refreshment since breakfast. The town of Bala not remarkable except for stocking manufactory, but is visited by strangers on account of a pool of water which from its size and the clearness of its springs deserves observation. We left Montgomeryshire before we came to Bala and entered Merionethshire, which is famous for its mountains and the river Tovy. 28th Sept.— Breakfasted with Mr. Price at Rhulace [Rhiwlas], near Bala. This house is old and inconvenient ; the only beauty that belongs to it is the river Tarwarin [Tryweryn], which flows in a very rapid current at the bottom of the garden. After breakfast, returned to Bala, and from thence pursued our journey to Dolgethly [Dolgelly], the road pleasant and country romantic, especially in the neighbourhood of Dolgethly. On the left hand we passed a remarkable bridge called Pont Newidd over the river. The situation of Dolgethly is in a vale washed by the aforemen- tioned river at the foot of the mountain called Caiclr Idris, which signifies Arthur's chair. This is thought to be one of the highest mountains in Wales, and from whence, if the weather is clear, you may have a most extensive prospect, even to Chester and the neighbouring country. 29th Sept. — Rose at six, breakfasted immediately, and set out v ith a firm resolution to ascend Caidr Idris on foot. The attempt was made, but, unfortunately for a poor horse we met with on the 2(33 common, the pride of gentlemen gave way to the conveniency of riding, and up we mounted double, without saddle or bridle, and thus we kicked the poor beast up four miles of the mountains, when the ascent began to be so steep that we were obliged to leave our good natured assister and have resort again to our own abilities, by which means, with infinite trouble, in about an hour, we reached the summit of this stupendous rock that looks down upon the other hills as a tyrant upon his slaves, and even vies with the height of Snowdon. When we arrived at the pinnacle, we found ourselves so enveloped with clouds, that all our flattering expectations of beholding an extensive prospect were lost in the surrounding mist, and no reward left to us for all our labour but that very poor one of being able to say that we had been there. Our next difficulty was the manner of descending, which, by a mistake of our guide, who carried us down a precipice of near one mile, was more extreme than anything we had before met with. We at last, however, regained our Rosa Nanta and trotted him back to Dolgethly, which we entered at three o'clock very thankful for having escaped without a broken neck. We dined at Dolgethly and in the evening pursued our journey on to Llanddwywe, where we took up our lodgings for that night in the most despicable house and everything else, viz., beds, etc., etc., at too much of [a] price. 31st Sept. — Not having many inducements to keep us in bed at Llanddwywe we rose at seven and trotted on to Harlach [Harlech], where, while our cavalry were baiting, we took a view of the town and castle. The first is near, though pleasantly situated on an eminence within gunshot of the sea ; the latter, though much injured by time and more by Oliver, yet retains much of its former magnificence, and in beauty and symmetry of architecture may vie with any in Wales. From Harlack, partly over the sands and partly tluough some indifferent roads, we rode on to Festiniog, which is a mere village, not remarkable, from whence with the assistance of three ponies and a guide we amused ourselves by visiting three cataracts, viz., Thynant Cum, which signifies a waterfall, Pistylde, a black cascade, Kynant y Felin on the river Tygal, near a mill [Ceunant Cwn, Pistyll-ddu and Ceunant-y- felin on the Tegwel] ; all these fall under the denomination of cataracts, and are works of nature which rather strike with horror than please the imagination by their tremendous appearance. Besides these we saw what is called Pont Newis [Newydd], viz., a new bridge which is built from the summit of two rocks, under which a stream of water falls from cliff to cliff, and this makes its way 'till it is lost in the multitude of rocks and precipices that surrounds you on every side. The country near Festiniog is as mountainous as can be conceived ; every farm has its sheep walk on a hill, and the shepherd gives a name to it, thus the termination of one rock gives a rise to another as far as your eyes can survey, your imagination is lost in a confusion of mountains. From till even Festiniog, we went to Tan-y-Bwlch, where we found a very pleasing contrast between a hill covered with verdure and a stream meandering at the bottom, and the country we saw in the morning. Here we lodged this night very comfortably. 1st October. — Rode across a most dreary mountainous and rocky country to Snowdon, which name has been given to it for this clear reason, because the snow continues much longer upon its summit than it does on the ground below, so much so that we were told it was not sometimes free from it, even in July. The height of this mountain may be judged of by the times that we were ascending it which was 2f hours. Tt is computed to be between five and six miles from the road-side to the pinnacle, many parts of which are exceedingly difficult of ascent. We at last arrived at this seat among the clouds with the most extreme labour, and by reason of the mist met not with that prospect which might have repaid us for our difficulties. It is said that it is possible in a clear day, which seldom happen^ except in May and June, to se^ many parts of the Irish coast, Chester, etc., etc. While we were there it was scarcely possible to see ourselves, though somewhat below the prospect opened very agreeably and we saw much of the country around. This mountain is in the possession of Mr. Aston who lets it out at 3rZ. per acre, the whole at £50 per annum as sheep walks. I must quote our guide for this intelligence. In our road we passed a famous bridge called Pont aber Glaslin or the bridge at the mouth of the blue pool. It is a semicircular cascade over which the bridge. At the bottom is a famous salmon leap. From thence we returned to Tan-y-Bwlch at ten o'clock at night without having had any refreshment, except milk, since morning. 2nd Oct. — Walked from the inn at Tan-y-Bwlch to take a view of Mr. Griffith's, which has the capabilities for improvement, being situated on the rise of a hill covered with trees, with a stream running through a vale at the bottom, but unfortunately the possessor turns his mind rather to amusements of another nature than to the beauties of his place, which lay entirely unregarded. From Tan-y-Bwlch we rode over the sands through Crickaith [Criccieth], to view the castle, which is only a heap of ruins. The situation is good, and from the present appearances the fort has been of strength. From hence through a dreary country, and very disagreeable ride to Carnarvon, where we got in not before 8 o'clock, without having had any refreshment since 9 o'clock in the morning. 3rd Oct. — After breakfast made it our business to see what ever was worth our observation at Carnarvon. The first building that offered itself was the Town House built over the great gate of the castle wall ; all that can be said of it is that it is convenient. The next was the County Court, which is a modern building and calculated for convenience without expense. The ruins of this once famous castle, in which Edward I. was born and within whose walls the town of Carnarvon now stands, must strike a considerate observer with astonishment. The situation, the magnificence, and in that era the strength, of this palace of the Prince of Wales combine to make this place worthy the admiration of travellers. The Agle [Eagle] Tower, the Green Gate Tower and the Great Gate Tower yet bespeak the former grandeur of the whole. The wall that surrounds the town is h mile in circumference and 265 for the most part washed by the river Scint [Seiont], which takes its rise from the bottom of Snowdon mountain and empties itself in the sea. The ruins of Segoritium [Segontiumj, a once famous city belonging to the Romans and out of which it is said part of this castle was built, are viewed more for their antiquity than beauty. The church being half a mile beyond the present town gives room for a conjecture that Carnarvon once extended itself that way. The manufactories of this part of Wales are at a very low ebb. The only traffic from hence is slate, which is exported to London, Dublin, etc. We rode from hence to Mr. Wynne's, at Glynllison [Glynnllivon], who is a member for this county, and his brother for the town. This seat is commodious, but situation the worst that could have been fixed for it. We returned from hence and passed the evening at Carnarvon. 4th Oct. — After breakfast left Carnarvon and passed over the river Minin [Menai], which separates Carnarvon from Anglesea. The first seat that attracted our attention was Plaisnewid [Plasnewydd], belonging to Sir Nicholas Bayley, situated on the banks ot the river, and protected on each side by a small growth of trees. The house although great sums have been expended on it, is inconvenient and by no means either elegant or remarkable. From Plaisnewid we directed our course to Beaumaris where we dined, and afterwards were so fortunate as to meet with Lord Bulkeley, to whom we delivered our letter of recommendation from Mr. Owen. We accepted of his invitation to spend the evening at Bason [Baron] hill, the situation of which place, the capability it derives from the view of the Castle of Beaumaris, the river and the timber, give a fair opportunity to the present Lord to display his taste in the improvement of it. In short, nature has done so much for it that it requires nothing but art to be made by much the completest place in North Wales. The soil of Anglesea is much superior in fertility to that of Carnarvon- shire ; the surface much flatter and not so much broke in upon by the rocks and precipices we met with in North Wales, and if it was not for the bleak air that comes off the sea, might produce good timber, which it really does when it is at all protected from the sea breeze. 5th Oct. — Rode to Beaumaris with Lord Bulkeley, examined the town which, is neat and well built. The castle, which was erected by Edward I., immediately after that at Carnarvon, is large, and from the bulk of its walls may be conjectured to have been of great strength. From hence we rode to the park belonging to Bason-Hill, which I think has nothing to boast of except a monumental stone, which appears to have been covered with hieroglyphics and to have been the monument of some departed general. We returned to Bason-hill to dinner, and afterwards, with the help of Lord Bulkeley's servant as guide, re-past the ferry and sands to Bangor, where we took up our lodgings for this night. The town of Bangor is mean and inconsiderable, the cathedral without ornament, but the see is valuable, being supposed to be worth £2,000 per annum. From Bangor, leaving the mountains that were covered with snow on our left, we crossed the sands to 266 Conway. From hence crossed the river to Marl, belonging to Mr. Prendergast This place has suffered so much by fire that it is little more than the case of a house remaining. The situation is good, having a command of Conway castle, river, and some woods belonging to Lord Bulkeley. From hence to Lady Mostin [Mostyn], formerly Miss Wynne. This seat is small and situated on a rising ground surrounded with an enclosed grove. The view from hence is nearly the same with that from Marl. From hence to Geodd- worth [Gloddaeth], Sir Roger Mostyn's, which appears rather as the contingencies to a large seat than as the seat itself. The situation is beautiful, being on the brow of an hill with a small terrace in front, the sides and back well protected with wood. The prospect from hence very eligible having in many places Conway castle, water, and Lady Mostyn's in very advantageous points of view. An arm of the sea suddenly breaks in very pleasingly on the left and adds a variety to the different scenes that present themselves. From hence we trotted our Welsh ponies back to the ferry, which we crossed and returned to Con- way to dinner. Lay this night at Conway with an intention of seeing the castle in the morning. 7th Oct. — Surveyed the ruins of Conway castle with admiration at its size and former strength. The difference between this and Carnarvon seems to be that this was intended as a place rather of fortification to awe the new conquered subjects of Edward I, who raised these walls, and that of Carnarvon as his palace. The town here, as at Carnarvon, is built within the walls of the castle, which has given rise to a foolish* conjecture among the vulgar that these immense walls were raised to protect the town. We were told by our guide that in digging within the castle, many different coins had been found. The town itself is not remarkable. The wall that surrounds it is about half a mile in circumference. From Conway rode through a disagreeable road ; the country on the right, mountainous and romantic, on the left hand, fertile and pleasant, to Llanrwst, where we dined with the county justices who were met on some public occasion ; in the afternoon, to a cataract called Rhaidr y Wanol [Wennol], the situation of which, added to the extraordinary fall of water among these dark coloured rocks which extend themselves to a great distance, fills the mind with horrors and amazement. On each side of this deep and gloomy passage, shrubs of different kinds produce themselves spontaneously. From hence we crossed over the country by the side of some remarkable mountains to another cataract or cascade, known by the name of Rhaiadr y Pandy Penmachno, at which the Conway and Machno rivers receive their streams in the same tremendous cavity formed by the near approach of two equally romantic mountains, whose summits in some places hang over the rapid stream below, which makes its way through the impeding rocks and at last loses itself, after having passed some remarkable bridges in the confusion of obstructions. We returned from these wonders to Llanrwst where we took up our lodgings for the night. The toM n of Llanrwst is famous for a bridge planned by Inigo Jones, whose real name was Unner ap Jones, before his journey into Italy where he exchanged it for Inigo. This man 267 was introduced into the world by Sir Robert Wynne for whom he laid the plan of a chapel near this place. 8th Oct. — From Llanrwst by Mr. Wynne's, at Garthewyn, to St. Asaph where we dined. The cathedral, neat but small, the see valuable. This town is situated in the fertile and agreable vale of Cluid [Clwyd], which appears by some marks to have been formerly washed by the sea which may account in part for its present fertility. The prospect of the country from hence is pleasant, which is much added to by the view of Ridlan [Rhuddlan] Castle. In the evening, Mr. Lloyd, of Pengwern, very obligingly sent his carriage with an invitation to us to accept of a bed at his house, which we made use of. This seat has been made very habit- able and is rather beyond the common run of the houses in Wales, which in general rather boast of their hospitality than magnificence. 9th Oct. — After breakfast, accompanied Mr. Lloyd and Miss Morral! to Ridlan castle, once famous, not only for its strength, but its having been the place where the parliament of Edward I. settled the constitution of Wales. It is now what all the other castles in this part of the world are, being destroyed by Oliver, a mere ruin. Its situation is on the Vale of Cluid [Clwyd]. Ridlan Marsh is famous for having been the field of battle between * in which 30,000 men were left dead. Near this, formerly stood an old monastery, destroyed by Henry VIII. From hence we passed through the town of Ridlan to a mountain called Moel yr Addig on which is to be found a particular and very curious spar, some of which we carried away with us. The prospect from this hill is as delightful as the extensive vale of Cluid, covered with fertility, bounded with the sea to the right and those immense range of mountains before, can possibly make it. In short, if Wales was to reckon up its beauties this view would claim its place in the first rank. We dined at Pingwern [Pengwern], and in the evening trotted on to Celyn near Holywell town, belonging to Mr. Palmer, formerly to Miss Jones to whom he was married. This house is very small and inconvenient, but only intended by way of a retreat for a few months in the summer, their principal seat being in Berkshire. The country around is fertile considering that its bowels produce very rich and extensive mines of lead, copper, iron and coal. Passed the evening very agreeably tete a tete with Mrs. Palmer, and lodged for this night in her house. 10th Oct. — Drove Mrs. Palmer in her chaise to Holywell, leaving on our left a very beautiful and fruitful country, washed on one part by the Channel, on the other by the main sea. At Holywell my fair guide carried me to examine a spring which the Roman Catholics have given the name of St. Winifred's Well to form a very incredulous story, viz., that Winifred was a virgin of extra- ordinary sanctity, who, after having her head cut off by Prince Cradoc in the year 700, was miraculously restored to life by a priest replacing her head, and that this spring arose at that time to perpetuate the memory of this transaction. This spring arises from a mineral rock and is covered by an elegant gothic * Space left in the original. 268 building. It is resorted to much for bathing and is supposed td be a cure for many disorders. The followers of the Roman Catholic doctrine resort hither and to a chapel erected in the neighbourhood, fully persuaded of the veracity of the above fable. It is much owing to this spring that Holywell makes its present respectable appearance. Returned to dinner at Celyn, and in the evening continued our route on to Denbeigh, where we took up our lodgings for this night. 11th Oct. — The Castle at Denbeigh, built on an eminence and on a very extensive plan by Lacy, Earl of Lincoln, in Edward the First's reign, by whom the lordships of Denbeigh and other large pos- sessions were granted to the Lacys. It devolved again to the crown, and was again given with the title of Denbeigh to Dudley, afterwards Earl of Leicester, prime favourite to Queen Elizabeth, his benefactress. An handsome cathedral was intended to have been erected and absolutely begun in this place by this Robert, Earl of Leicester ; his death interrupted the completion of the plan. The lordship of Denbeigh was granted to the Earl of Portland by William III., but on a petition of the House of Commons and a Mr. Price, afterwards Baron of the Exchequer, was revoked. The town hall is plain but convenient. From hence through Ruthin to Wrexham. Ruthin is situated in the vale of Cluid, which I have before taken notice of. On one of the hills near Ruthin there yet remains the plain vestiges of a British camp. Within 5 miles of Wrexham the country opens upon a sudden and affords the most pleasant and extensive prospect, infinitely surpassing, if not in fertility, in extent, the vale of Cluid, which will nevertheless be always considered as one of the richest parts of North Wales. We dined at Wrexham and afterwards took a view of the church, which in the elegance of the architecture and particularly in the gothic ornaments of its lofty and mag- nificent spire, may vie with most churches in England. A monu- ment of one of the Middleton family of Chirck [Chirk] castle within the church is worth observation. The town of Wrexham is justly considered as the principal town in North Wales or even in the whole principality. Here is a market for flannel which is manu- factured by the poor and sent to almost every part of England. 12th Oct.— Walked to Erthrig [Erthig or Erddig], belonging to Mr. York, one mile from Wrexham, the situation good, the house elegant, and at the same time convenient ; built in Charles the First's reign and since improved. The wood and the stream give great opportunities to shew a taste in the cultivating the natural beauties of the place. Dined and lay this night where we had spent the day so agreeably. Erthig is situated in the vale of Bromfield. 13th Oct.— Rode with Mr. York to Chirck [Chirk] Castle, belong- ing to Mr. Middleton, whose family long represented this county, but now give way to the superior interest of Sir Watkins William Wynne. The approach to this castle has all the elegance and grandeur that a noble open grove of lofty oaks can give it ; at the end of which the building suddenly breaks in upon you and strikes you with awe at its strength and magnificence. This place was first erected 269 by *; has suffered some alterations, but yet retains much of its former magnificence. Mr. Middleton is now improving the grounds with much elegance under the direction of Mr. Eames, which being completed will unite in this place the grandeur of antiquity and the elegance of the present times. Hospitality knows no bounds here, and if there is an opportunity of exhibiting it in the dungeon of the castle, as is the mode of the place, T might almost say it is carried to excess. 14th Oct. — Our other ride with Mr. York was to Sir Watkin's seat called Winstay [Wynnstay], situated in a well wooded park which has all the advantages that the genius of Mr. Brown, who is coming down here to superintend his works, can call for. The house, from being built at the seven distinct times, is very irregular and not equal to the fortune that is to make a figure in it. From hence we rode to Dinas Bran Castle raised with strong fortifications on the summit of a conical hill of immense height and therefore of very difficult access. From hence you have a view as far as the eye can reach over a fertile and most extensive country, which at last appears bounded by an unlimited range of mountains which appear as if climbing up to the sky on the backs of each other. Near this castle are the Glacig [Eglwyseg] Rocks which carry with them all the appearance of an artificial wall of stone raised one above another. From hence we rode to the Abbey in the Vale of Crucis which shows (?) to what great perfection in architecture those fathers were arrived ; the strength of it, the time that it has stood will testify ; it is now but little more than a ruin except one part which is now used as a farm house. From hence returned to Erthig by moon light. 15th Oct. — Left Erthig and accompanied by our friend Mr. York, pursued our journey to Chester. In our way we passed Gresford church, which is esteemed one of the completest gothic buildings. This is of the same date with Wrexham, and some- thing in the same style though much more proportionable. We were introduced to Mr. Lloyd by Mr. York. This person is visited as one of the curiosities of the place. The ride from Wrexham is exceeding flat. When you enter Cheshire, before that, at the dis- tance of four miles a noble prospect of the country opens itself to your view and gives a great idea of the fertility and richness of the soil. Thus we left the mountains of Wales and once again entered England. 16th Oct. — Chester was formerly a colony of the Romans in which their famous Twentieth Legion was quartered. It was afterwards granted to Hugh Lupus by William the Conqueror whose nephew he was. The fortifications have been very strong and are still kept up, which affords on the top of the walls a very pleasant and dry walk. There are four churches besides a cathedral, which is supposed to be one of the oldest in England. Near this is a famous chapter house which is admired for the beauty of the gothic architecture. Under this building lie the ashes of some of the Earls Palatine of Chester. The castle, now almost a ruin, was formerly a palace to the Earls of Chester, where they assembled their parliaments * Space left in original, •270 and enacted laws independent of the Kings of England. It has yet a garrison always kept in it. Hugh Lupus it is supposed raised this building. The Exchange is a neat building. Over it is the city hall, a well contrived court of judicature. The bishop's palace is a modern building and very elegant. The see is but indifferent ; it was divided by Henry VIII. from Lichfield anno domini 1541. The bridge over the Dee, which washes the is high and strong built, which is absolutely necessary on account town of the force of the stream. The rows or piazzas, first formed in that manner the better to oppose any enemy that entered the town, run along the side of the streets before all the houses, and have a very particular appearance ; the upper story of each building projects into the street, which makes this covered way. The great use of it now is to keep those that walk free from the rain. The shops are all held under these covered ways, and do not appear to the open street. Chester is a very large and opulent town, beautified with many good buildings. At the distance of three miles is Lord Grosvenor's seat [Ealon] ; the house small, situated in a good park, which Mr. Brown has attempted to improve. Near this is Beeston Castle, built by the famous Hugh Lupus, on the edge of a precipice. The forest is noted for plenty of red deer. Danced this evening with Miss B win.* 17th Oct. — Left Chester and contrived to breakfast with my partner in our way to Warrington. The roads exceedingly sandy, the country as is generally the case in Cheshire very flat. The town of Warrington extensive, and worth remarking on account of the glass manufactory. From hence to Prescot, which is inconsider- able and supported entirely by its vicinity to Liverpool. The roads here are much improved, the country appears rich and fertile, and prettily interspersed with gentlemen's houses, viz. : — Lord Derby's, Knowsley ; Lord Molineux's, Croxworth [Croxteth], Mr. Case's ; and many of the merchants of Liverpool have thought this neighbourhood a pretty spot for their summer habitations, and have decked them out in all the little gaiety of a Chelsea villa. From Prescot we continued our route on to Liverpool, and by the favour of the moon had no disagreeable journey. The road is almost all paved and indeed deserves to be called good We took up our lodgings this evening at Liverpool. 18th Oct. — Liverpool. - - Although it rained almost incessantly yet our curiosity carried us out to take a view of this very extensive trading city. The first building that attracted our attention was the Exchange, which stands nearly in the centre of the town, built of stone round a quadrangle surrounded with piazzas over which is the sessions court, assembly and card rooms, and public offices. These are all richly ornamented, but at the same time heavy and dark, which is the grand fault of the whole building. From hence we walked to the new church, which is called St. Paul's. This was raised by an assessment on the in- habitants, which was at first intended to have paid the expense of two churches, but was afterwards determined to be employed in this one, which in neatness and elegance of architecture is * So in original. 271 worthy of so flourishing a place. The building is a square with colonades on one side ; the inside is supported with Ionic columns with a dome in the centre. The pulpit fronts the west door and is so properly situated as to be seen by the whole gallery, which is continued round three parts of the whole. It is said to have cost £14,000, and to be able to contain commodiously 2,500 people. The other churches are St. George's, St. Peters and St. Thomas's, all of which are remarkably neat and elegant. The docks, of which there are four in number, viz., the old dock, salt dock, dry dock, and new dock, which is just now completing at the expense of the corporation, who are supplied with stone at a quarry of their own near the town. Besides these I have already mentioned there are three engraving (sic) docks in which the vessels are repaired which jointly immediately demonstrate the great trade that is carried on from hence. The exportation is computed annually to exceed £1,200,000 ; the importation is in proportion. The Guinea trade, the fishery and American business have all answered well to these adventures ; 300 [0] or 4,000 vessels belong to this port ; 2.000 or 3,000 are supposed to trade to it, which is of so much consequence to the nation in general that the loss of this would be a loss to the government of £150,000 per annum, which Liverpool lemits yearly from the custom houses For enter- tainment besides the assembly room there is a theatre, which is small ; public walks, rather confined, etc., etc. The streets are narrow, consequently not grand, the houses are generally of brick and are rather calculated for convenience than magnificence. The glass manufactory is extensive, the salt works as much so as is allowed by parliament which confines it to four pans. The pan salt is brought hither by water from the rock at Northwich and is cured both for home consumption and for exportation. This place has increased lately so much in its trades that it is said to vie with Bristol in riches and opulence. The merchants are multiplying and their traffic improving. In short, they appear as if they intended to engross to themselves the business of the kingdom. The only loss they have suffered has been that of Guadalupe and Minorca. 19th Oct.. — Returned to Prescot from whence we went to Lord Derby's at Knowsley. This consists of a long front with nineteen windows built in the reign of Charles I., and one wing which was erected to entertain Henry VII. in, whose mother married an Earl of Derby. The collection of paintings has been good but is now much injured lor want of care : some of the principal are, viz. : — Jacob and flock, by Spagnoletto. Samaritan woman, Hendervorte. Madona and Saviour, Carlo Morat. Two sheep, Castiglione. Monkeys, Rembrandt. Christ taken from the cross, Vandyke. Fleaing (sic) Bartholomew, Spagnoletto. Temple of Delphos, Claude Lorraine. Christ giving keys to Peter, Vandyke. - V ■ Balshaazar^s feast, by Rembrandt. This piece represents his astonishment at seeing the writing on the wall ; in very lively colours. Landscape and Roman augurs, by Salvator Rosa. The Countess of Derby, who so bravely defended Latham Castle ; and one of her husband who suffered for his loyalty. From hence returned to Warrington where we had left our horses to be a little recruited. Lay at Warrington. 20th Oct.— Warrington we left this morning, and rode on to North- wich from which all the rock salt belonging to these kingdoms is procured. We were let down in a bucket 150 feet into one of these pits, which exhibited to us a most noble cavity supported by pillars of salt, which had been worked out and arched above with the same shining rock, which reflected to us the light of a multitude of candles and made the most magnificent appearance. The workmen are paid 2s. 4:d. per ton, and are able to clear one ton each day. The want of pure air obliges them to come up every six hours for refreshment. The possessors of these rocks are under contract with each other to work equal quantities in proportion to richness or size of their veins of salt. I have heard that the duty arising from these works annually pays the govern- ment £85,000. The church at Northwich is handsome, and that, I believe, is the only building worth observation. Near North- wich is Winnington, a seat belonging to Mr. Pennant, member for Liverpool. The house is old and in a bad situation. On the back front the river Weaver runs, from which a new dock is now forming. This river is mostly made use of for the navigation of the salt to Liverpool. From Northwich we continued our journey through some of the worst of roads to Nantwich, where we lodged this night. 21st Oct. — The town of Nantwich is large and populous. The church is a very old building and capacious. The principal com- modities of the place are salt and cheese, both of which they make in great abundance, the salt merely from the brine springs without the rock salt. From hence we rode to Crewe Hall, belonging to Mr. Crewe ; the edifice is a square of a very old date and has been in its day very superb. I think it is more to be admired now for its antiquity than elegance or conveniency. In the drawing room, which has been modernized and hung with paper, are some good paintings, viz. : — Hector and Andromache ; A scripture piece ; An histor- torical piece ; The Ascension, and one other. In the library, which is a very long room, the whole extent of one front, are the following : — Four portraits, Lely. Mr. Crewe, Sir Joshua Reynolds. Dr. Hinchcliffe, Sir Joshua Reynolds. Mrs. Hinchcliffe and Miss Crewe in one piece, Sir Joshua Reynolds. Cum multis aliis* 273 The situation of Crewe Hall is flat and has been without a park, which the present Mr. Crewe is now laying out under the direction of Mr. Eames ; his plan is already begun upon and promises to add much or rather to make a beauty, where before it was wanting, to the present situation. From Crewe Hall we went to Newcastle- under-Line, remarkable only for a cloth manufactory and some collieries near the town. From hence to Trentham, Lord Gower's. This seat is very extensive and well adapted to receive a large family. The two fronts look into a park which has been admirably laid out by Mr. Brown. The walks, the water, and the woods, from which you have some noble prospects, are all of them in their way beautiful, and render this place one of the most complete in point of situation of any in Staffordshire that we have yet seen. We rode through the woods, which are extended the length of the park four miles in circumference, in our way to Stone where we lay this night. 22nd Oct.— On oar left from Stone to Inglostree [Ingestrie], formerly belonging to Lord Chytwynnes [Chetwynd], now to Mrs. Talbot, is the foundations of a house built by Lord Archibald Hambleton [Hamilton] ; the situation, I think, disagreeable ; the present appearances are that the house will be comfortable. Inglostree is a very ancient fabric, inconvenient, and inelegant. The grounds were laid out by Mr. Brown, before he was so well known in the world as he is at present. They shew that his taste has suffered no alteration from that time. Mrs. Talbot has a plan now in agitation to lay all this pleasure ground, reserving about twenty acres, into the park. The entail of this estate was cut off by the late Lord, so that the estate and title are enjoyed by different people. From hence we went to Shucborough belonging to Mr. Anson, elder brother of the late Lord Anson, who left his fortune and some of his eastern curiosities to this gentleman. The house has had the addition of an attic storey, is very neat, elegant, and well furnished. The chief pictures are viz. : Lord Anson's engage- ments; Venus and Cupid ; Lord Macclesfield ; Mary Magdalen ; Tarquin and Lucretia ; Lord and Lady Hardwick ; Dead game ; The grounds are laid out in the very extremity of Mr. Brown's taste, are well watered and prettily interspersed with ruins and buildings, chiefly Chinese. From hence we rode on to Litchfield, formerly an archiepiscopal see which it lost together with the see of Chester. It was raised from the ruins of the Roman Etocetum, now called Chesterfield Wall, from the remains of an old fortification. It was garrisoned by Charles I., but was obliged to surrender to Cromwell, who robbed the cathedral, which is one of the best and most magnificent of many of its ornaments, and, hurried on by the zeal of the times, destroyed the brass inscriptions, monuments, tombs, and painted glass. However the succeeding bishops have much repaired these losses. The town is well built, has many good houses in it, and in every respect is the most considerable in Warwickshire or Staffordshire. We lay here this night. The cathedral was repaired by a subscription of £22,000, raised by B. Hacket, 1668, whose tomb is here shewn, as is also Langthon's. The length of the buildings is 154 yards ; breadth, R •274 54 yards. The west window was given by James II., while Duke of York. 23rd Oct. — From Litchfield we trotted on to Birmingham, which is a very extensive and populous town, remarkable for the iron manufactory, the japan and other wares, particularly for buttons, and toys of all kinds, in which they are come to so great perfection that in these articles they trade all over Europe. The increase of their riches, consequently of their buildings, has been manifest of late years ; nothing is more common than for a man who has been a few years in business to have his pleasant retreat a few miles from the town, and his comfortable (I might almost say) his magnificent, house within the walls. Their public buildings have also been improved ; an Act passed 7th of Queen Ann empowered them to build a church which has since been dedicated to St. Philip. Mr. Bolton and Mr. Taylor are the leading men in the toys and buttons ; Mr. Bedford for japan for an improvement in which he has received a premium from the Society ; Mr. Richards will furnish you with guns, pistols, etc., of all prices. Many of these manufactories (sic) are exported into France, Russia, Holland, Denmark, and so on. The trade to America has been much injured by our late unhappy dissentions, so that the ex- portation thither is reduced as from ten to one. The navigation, that is now nearly completed, will be of infinite advantage to the proprietors, as by that means the difficulty of carriage will be got the better of, and the[re will be] communication with the Severn with the greatest facility. 24th Oct. — We made an excursion from our head quarters at Birmingham to Lord Lyttelton's, at Hagley, and in our way visited Lizard, formerly belonging to the poet Shenstone, now to a Mr Powel, Liverpool merchant. The house is of no consequence ; the situation and the walks that are laid out with great taste interspersed with seats, the genius of the men on each of which stands apparent, in some poetical lines, are to be admired. Comfort and convenience, not grandeur, are consulted. Shenstone 1 loved contemplation beyond magnificence ; his fortune was suited to the one, the other he did not attempt. Lord Lyttelton's seat even in its approach declares the taste of the inhabitant ; a nearer view only adds to its beauties. The house, which has been finished about seven years, is nearly a square, built of stone in the Ionic order ; the offices removed and concealed by a plantation which is continued so as to protect a garden wall. The saloon is elegantly ornamented with stuccoe ; dining room exact pro- portion and decorated with the following paintings : — Steward (sic) family, Vandyke. Charles I, old Stone. Lord and Lady Carlisle, Vandyke, t Marriage of Neptune with Cybele, Rubens. Venus reconciling herself with Pschye, Titian. Joseph's Family, Bassano. Drawing room, equally elegant, is fitted up with tapestry and some paintings : — 275 Lord Hardwick, Ramsay. Lord Bath, Ramsay, with some others. The ceiling by Cypriani. Gallery — noble room supported as at Lord Stafford's, with two pillars at each end. This room has also its paintings by Lely, Vandyke, oM Stone, Honthorst, Greenhill, etc. Parlor-stuccoe some family paintings by Wilson, two landscapes by Zuccarelli and landscape by Wootton. Library papered, in which are : — Pope, by Richardson. Tompson, Ackman. Bed Chamber. Lord Lyttleton, by Reynolds. Lady Lyttleton, by Williams. Duchess of Portsmouth, by Le Fevere. Dressing room ornamented in all the gayeties of India paper ; in the bed chamber are : — Dead Christ and three Maries, Vandyke. These are the principal rooms. The others are convenient and neatly fitted up. If I was to say anything of ths park, it should be that nature has been lavish of her gifts in it, that Lord Lyttleton had improved those gifts, and that Hagley was as nearly perfect as is consistent with an earthly situa- tion. The woods are properly disposed according to the nature of the grounds, and the walks that are cut through, these woods shew to the greatest advantage the different points of view, which are generally smoothly termed by the hills in Wales. The temples, obelisks, and other buildings in which the memory of some departed friend lives in poetry, are properly placed. In short, nothing but water, which, among such a crowd of other beauties is scarcely missed, is wanting to complete the place. We returned to Birmingham and slept there. The harmony of the following lines which Shenstone wrote and inscribed on an urn in his walk, dedicated to his departed Maria, pleased us so much that we copied them, viz. : — Ah Maria ! puellarum eleganlissima ! I Ah flore venustalis absepta, vale! . j Quanto minus est cum religiis versari Quam tui meminisse. 25th Oct. — From Birmingham we pursued our journey on to Warwick, once famous for being the residence of Guy, Earl of Warwick, who tradition reports to have decided the fate of these kingdoms by single combat with Colbrond the Dane, whom he slew. This hero lived in the reign of Athelstane. The town of Warwick has felt its misfortunes. It was once destroyed by the Picts and Scots, afterwards by the Romans, who had a camp at the ancient Trigontium near this place, again by the Saxons, and in 1694 it was totally burnt by an accidental fire ; to this last misfortune it owes its present regularity, for it was rebuilt in the elegant manner it now appears in by Act of Parliament. The church, in which are many monuments of the Earls of Warwick and one of the Earl of Essex, favorite of Queen Elizabeth, is well worth 276 observation. The town hall is convenient and elegant. The castle is a very old building, erected more for strength than for an habitation, and considered in that light, it is really comfortable and convenient. Its situation is on the rock from which both that and the whole town is built and looks down immediately on the banks of Avon which flows under the windows. The prospect of a noble rich country is not the least of its beauties. 26th Oct.— We this morning took a more accurate view of the public buildings and castle at Warwick. After the dreadful fire, 1694, the church, which also suffered, was repaired, the present elegant and magnificent steeple was added, and the whole beautified and adorned. The county hall, a modern building in the Corinthian order, is convenient and handsome ; the architecture was Mr. Itons. The castle, the situation of which I have before mentioned, was partly (as we were told) built while Caesar was in Britain, partly in 1370 ; the appearance of the whole immediately declares it to have been a place designed [more] for strength than a resi- dentiary palace. The present Lord, by diminishing the walls, has made many that were before small closets, comfortable rooms. The grand apartments are, viz., the hall, drawing room, saloon, parlour, billiard room, etc., in which are the following good pictures : — Prince of Wales, Richardson. Princess Dowager of Wales, Philips. Robert. Lord Brooke, shot at the Siege of Litchfield in the Civil War, 1642. Lord Greville. James I., Cornelius Jon son. Charles II. Family paintings, Godfrey Kneiler [and] Lely. Peter and Paul, Manfredi. John in the wilderness, Carlo Morat. Rembrandt's daughter, Rembrandt. Christ on the mount, Bassano. Holy Family, i^ndrew Sacchi Turkish woman, Guido. Holy Family, old Palma. Earl of Pembroke, Vandyke. The present Lord Warwick, Gainsborough. Queen Elizabeth, Cornelius Jonson. Earl of Essex, the Favorite, Cornolius Jonson. An original of Sir Philip Sidney. Christ crucified, Rubens. Christ and angels, Bassano. Molten calf, Bassano. Paschal lamb, Bassano. Dutch pieces, Hemskerrk. Wise Men's offering, Albert Durer. Three small portraits, Vandyke. Some of the rooms separated from the old part of the castle have been modernized. The grounds near the castle have been laid out by Mr. Brown. The park formerly belonging to this ancient seat was the second in England, Windsor the first* It is 277 now exchanged for a piece of ground five miles in dimensions on the opposite side of the castle. The river Avon running through it enlivens the scene. From hence, through a very bad road to Daventry, and so on to Towcester, where we lodged for this night. 27th Oct. — Towcester is a mean dirty town, supported by travellers and its own manufactories of lace and silk stockings. From hence to Stony Stratford. Thence to Brickhill where we dined, and continued our journey on to Dunstable for a night. 28th Oct. — After breakfast trotted on to Gorhambury, thus concluding a tour of Wales and part of England in eleven weeks and three days. 1769. 8 Augt. 9 10 11 12 13 14 Expenditure. s. At Bulstrode 6 6 At Becclesfield, dinner and servants 8 6 Horses at Becclesfield u o o U At the paper mill 1 At Lord Despencer's 6 n O Bills at West Wicomb and servants 1 6 a Church at West Wicomb u 1 KJ At Alesbury, bill and servants 11 At Stowe, gardener and servants ... 6 6 At Buckingham, bills £1 10s. 8d. ) .. 1 15 8 Servants, 5s. r To the chaise boy ... u 1 n U Turnpikes 4 8 Bills and Bicester ... 15 10 Servants at Bicester u Q O 11 At University ... 1 At Queen's 1 All Souls U 1 U Trinity 1 u Oxford guides 2 Kadcliffe Library ^ m Bodleian Library I g .g 1 2 o Picture gallery f 1 o Theatre ... J m 1 Fruit o .. 6 New College ) 8 i ::; ' .. 1 Christ Church I g ... 3 Magdalen ... Jo 03 o> CO • * • ... 1 Museum & s ... 2 6 Pomfret's Statues ... W w ... 1 Marble antiquities ... ... 6 To our guide ... 2 6 Fruit ... 6 Oriel College ... 1 Worcester College ... ... 1 Sundries ... 2 5 Bills ... 3 19 5 Servants ... ... 11 6 Turnpike to Ditchley ... 7 278 1 7f, ( ) X D. A Q» 14- Anat At, Ditrhlpv 9 a O Ti IptiIipi 171 XJ 101x110 1111 ••• ••• • • * ••• *, • • a u T^i'lft at Wnorlstop.K atir! phamp JJlxlO OvV TT UvUO tUvlV Cl'llVl O IXCXIOO ••• ••• 1 9 'i Sprvniit.^ at Woof] stock kJO 1 V dilX VO >l IMI y • ■ g ■ • • • u 1 u 1 5 At, Mr Lpnthalls V.' 1 u Bills at Barford 14. Q Sprvants at Tiarforrl kJOl V Chi 1 UO s. d At "Rpfrlann flaQtlp /vl jrvdi'icinui ^douit; ••• ... ... ... n u 1 1 o T^illct at" A nprorn vpnn v xjiiio a \j n. wci ii t* v cull y ... ... ... o u 1 Q A u SprvQ nta at A hprfffl vpttti v A *± \Ta n n f a ptn i*v at, Print- v-Pnn ►vj ail u. ido lui y ci u x uni y x uui ... ... n u u Bills at Pont-v-Pool X X Servants at Pont-y-Pool ... o 1 X 26 Pills at Usk o 14 X^r u Servants a t TTsk o yj 27 Turnpikes ... ... ... ... o 4 n 28 Bills at Newport o 14 4 Spr^ranfc! at. ^TpwnnTt kjc j. v all Uo a u Xi c w luji u ... ... ... o \J Q O Q O At Caprfillv rPaprnhillvl Ca^tlp 1 1 n u At n nt - \t ■ t* p r Hon t"V7"r»T*i rl ri 1 X UHl - I1K 1 X Uli li V Ul 1U.U.J ... ... A 'X n Bills at Oaerfillv 1 9 l.iO (Ail V . (U.'l 1111 y ••• o X \J n Servants at Caprfillv x v ci* xx \jyj nTYiTmPT nnncp of Wl on x/nw rW r>n unn r\r kjUllllllCl 11,'JU.oC/ av Vl ell V U Vi 1 VV CllVUc Ul Wpnf oel o o Q ou Ssprva n ts a t. fti c TT.rl mil n rl Thomas's klCL V all L>? CL u KJlL LiKXllLVlllKX. JL 11A1 1 11 do O ... XV/ yj TririlPT* at AA/ pn attvxv X 1 1U.1C1 aU Vr cu v U W ... ... ... ... o yj 31 „ Pill 6 ? at, OownTMdcrp .LHJID Cl U V_> VV U. 1U t:U ... ... . » * ••• o 10 A rk Svprvants at, (Inwhrin cp o o Pills and serva.nts a,t Denoits rT)r)na.t'sl xj i l j i j kaj x l\A- u vi v Cfxj. vkj lit xy vii\/iiy*J l X/ vliWif O 1 Castle o 7 o 1 Sept. IVTr Talhot's o*a,"rrlpnpr o 2 vl To the SpYlnn i X ri 1 1 1 c of. IVr Q t» ct cx n T IVT q t rr a m T XJlllo au IVXdLydll IliXdiydlHJ ... ... ••• 1 X o 9 SpTvanfQ at, lVTaTOfan U\ i VcUHo Civ iVl .ct 1 Ji a 11 ••• ••• ••• 1 X 9 Li 10 iu At the copper works ... o 2 6 Hi tp oncrmp X^llc tJiiyiim ... ... ... ... ... o KJ i Maid at (rnnll Mr Maplrwnrt ri'<4 xUdlU all VTHUlIj ItlX . lYXdUlV W Ul U1JL 13 ... ... 9 u At Neath Vii n<5 pte o 4 1: 4 ° >> 1 U J i 1 1 M K < o ... ... ... .,, ... o 4 7 • Pdls at, Swanspa. o 13 2 Servants at Swansea o 2 10 T^errv to Swansea, o 1 o At Penrlam* XXU X Vll\-lUiU.X *•• • • « • • ■ o 2 6 (i-nide from Penela.nr rPenp.la.wrlfll to TCvd- \JI U.1VAV 11 V/lll JL VllvH* KA.-1. 1 JL Vll V7 X CX/ VV HV.I 1 V\J XX V V*. willv TTCirlwpllvl vv in y i xvivx vv oil yj ... ... ... o 4 6 4 Pill 5 ? at TCapflwillv i * i l o cc l j_ \_ cc v_ v.c vv uiy ... ... ... ... o 14 10 SioT'17'Q W ta dt T\ Q Orl 1X71 1 l\7' toclvdlj Uo ab IvdcUWUly ... ... ... 1 X Q O At tno Ttpi*ti7 tttiiyi TC q p/i a*7i iItt At l/llc I 1 oi 1 y llUlll XvdtXl W 111 V ... ... 1 X u To thp la.Tidlord at TCapdwillv o 2 Bills at Langhern rLaugharnel 16 10 Servants at Langhern 1 6 Guide over the sand 6 Bills at Tenby 8 Servants at Tenby ... 1 2 280 1769. £ s. d. Sept. Bills at Pembroke 18 Servants at Pembroke 3 9 Servants at Sir William Owen's 2 6 7 At Halbertson [Hubbertson] 8 6 Boatmen up Milford Haven 10 6 Oysters 1 At the Fort on the Haven 1 Boat from Haverford 2 6 10 Servants at Mr. Matthews... 2 At St. David's 2 11 >> Bills at Haverford West 2 16 8 Servants at Haverford West 7 Servants at Mr. Langhern's 4 A Guide from Mr. Langhern's 2 12 5) At Haverford West, bills 1 3 4 Servants at Haverford West 2 6 13 >> Narford [Narberth?], bills 14 Servants at Narford 1 6 Play at Carmarthen 4 14 >) Bills ac Carmarthen 13 9 Servants at Carmarthen 3 3 15 J> At Landilo [Llandilo] bills Servants at Landilo 10 2 2 6 Turnpikes 2 16 ?J At Carmarthen, bills 11 8 Servants at Carmarthen 3 Guide irom Carmarthen to Newcastle 1 6 Bill, etc., at Newcastle ... 2 18 >> Boat on the Twy 1 1 20 >> Bills at Aberrison > 7 6 21 J> Bills at Aberyswith 11 Servants at Aberystwith 2 6 Bilis at the Devil s Bridge 1 9 Guide from Devil's Bridge to Machenlenth [Machynlleth] 6 Turnpike at Machenlenth ... 3 22 >> Christopher's road bills 11 5 23 3 ) Bills at Machenlenth 1 5 6 Servants at Machenlenth 4 Harper at Machenlenth 6 Bills at Newton 5 10 Servants at Newton 1 2 24 ; 5 At Montgomery, bills 16 6 Servants at Montgomery 3 >i Play at Pool [Welchpool] 4 26 ? j Bills at Pool 1 3 2 Servants at Pool u O 27 >> Bills at Llanwilling [Llanfyllin] 12 3 Servants at LI anwilling 2 Paid Jacob expenses at Dolgethly and) 1 9 6 board wages at Pool, 14s. ... j 281 1769. £ s. d. 28 Sept. Bills at Bala 1 Servants at Bala ... 3 29 Guide up Caidr Idris 2 T A Ml . y\ 1 ill Bills at Dolgetnly 1G 3 Servants at Dolgetnly q 3 Harper at Dolgetnly 1 Guides from different places 3 30 Bills at Llanddywe... 7 Servants at Llanddywe 1 A i TT 111*11 1 j At Harlach, bills and servants 3 6 At Festiniog, Bill, etc., etc. 3 6 Horses and Guide from Festiniog to the cataracts ... 3 1 Oct. Guide from Tarny [Tany] Bwlcli to Snowdon 1 6 Guide up the Mountain and refreshments... 3 2 > > Bills at Tan-y-Bwlch 1 4 6 Servants at Tan-y-Bwlch 2 6 Horses from lan-y-Bwlch to Snowdon ... 10 Guide from Tan-y-Bwlch by Knihaith to Carnarvon 2 6 3 >> At the Town house, Carnarvon 6 At the county house, Carnarvon 6 At the castle in Carnarvon 1 Guide over the town 2 Paper 2 1 4 >> Bills at Carnarvon ... ... 1 7 5 Servants at Carnarvon 3 6 TT TIT * 1 i T»l • • J House Maid at Plaisnewid... 2 6 Jberry over the Mmen [MenaiJ 6 5 j> Bills at Beaumaris ... 12 10 Servants at Beaumaris 1 Turnpikes 3 TT Harper ... ... 1 6 >> Cathedral at Bangor 6 Bills at Bangor ... 9 2 CI ll T"» Servants at Bangor 2 10 Ferry from Conway 3 Harper 1 Horses from Conway 3 7 >> Bills at Conway 15 10 Servants at Conway ... 3 Guide from Llanrust [Llanrwst] to the cataracts ... 1 8 T> '11 i T 1 j Bills at Llanrust 13 1 Servants at Llanrust 2 6 Horses from Llanrust to the cataracts ... u u Bills at St. Asaph 7 9 Ostler at St. Asaph 4 6 Messenger to Mr. Lloyds 6 9 Bills at Holywell 282 1769. £ s. d. 11 Oct. Castle at Denbeigh ... 6 Bills at Denbeigh 10 6 Servants at Denbeigh 2 6 Sexton at Wrexham 1 Messenger to Erthig 6 12 > > Bills at Wrexham ... 16 9 Servants at Wrexham .3 6 14 > * Different expenses on the road to the Abbey ... 3 15 > > Christopher's bill at Chester 6 7 16 At Lord Grosvenor's 9 6 17 j » Bills at Chester 1 11 5 Servants at Chester 5 Maid at the Bishop's Palace 1 Chaise from Prescot to Liverpool 6 Boys and turnpikes 3 18 St. Paul's Church at Liverpool 1 Exchange at Liverpool 1 St. Thomas's Church 1 Saltworks, and St. George's 1 Bills and servants at Liverpool 10 6 Chaise to Prescot ... 6 Boys and turnpikes 1 6 19 Bills at Prescot 12 6 Dinner at Prescot 3 20 j > Bills at Warrington 2 10 Servants at Warrington 4 6 At the Salt Rock at Northwich 2 At Northwich, bills, etc 5 4 21 Church and salt spring at Nantwich 1 Bills at Nantwich 16 8 Servants at Nantwich ... 2 10 At Crewe Hall 2 6 Bills at Newcastle 7 11 Servants at Newcastle 1 1 At Trentham, Lord Gower 3 6 22 Bills at Stone 10 6 Servants at Stone ... 3 Servants at Ingestree 3 6 At Mr. Anson's, Shucborough 1 Bills at Wolseley Bridge 7 9 Servants at Wolseley Bridge 1 23 Cathedral and town house 1 6 Bills at Litchfield 12 7 Servants at Litchfield 3 At the different manufactories in Bir- mingham ... 3 6 24 j » At Hagley, Lord Lyttleton's , Bills at Lyttleton's Arms 5 7 5 Servants at Lyttleton's Arms 1 1 25 55 Bills at Birmingham 1 19 4 283 1769. 25 Oct. 26 27 28 Servants at Birmingham ... Church, and manufactory ... Jacob's board wages at Pool Bills at Warwick Servants at Warwick Town house, church, and castle A description of the church Bills and servants, Daventry Bills at Towcester ... Servants at Towcester Christopher's road-bills Bills at Dunstable ... Servants at Dunstable Bills at St. Albans ... Servants at St. Albans INDEX A Abberford, 235. Abbeville, 14. Aberayron (Aberrison), 260, 280. Abergavenny, 252, 253 (2), 278, 279 (2). Aberystwith, 260 (3), 280. Abbot's Langley" (Abbatt's Langley), inhabitants of, 103. Accounts, various, 208-221. - Ackman, — , 275. Adamers, 185. Adam, Mr. (architect), 239. Adderley (Salop), manor of, 12. Agar, Sir Anthony, 14. Agutter, 1, 219. Agriculture, Board of, 150, 155. Aislabie, Mr., 238 (2). Albany, 128. Albemarle : Christopher, Duke of, 84. George, Duke of, (" the General") 59. Albury Hall, letter dated at, 159. Aldchester, ancient town of, 244. Aldebury, residents in, 102, 104, 105 (2). Aldenham, residents in, 102, 103-105 passim. Alehouses, evils of, and measures to reform, 31-35. Alesbury see Aylesbury. Alfred, King, 245. Alington, H., 147. Almack's, subscription to, 216, 217. Alresford, 149. Althom, Sir James, baron of the Ex- chequer, 28. Alwen (Alyn), 267. Ambassadors, instructions to, 4. America, 126, 127, 151, 157. map of, 217. peace with, 125. trade with, 129, 130, 271, 274. war in, 127-128, 129-130. Americans the, 129 (2). American shrubs, 183. Amsterdam, 226 (2). Anderson, Edmond, 105. Sir Richard, 105. Anglesea, 265. Angus, Mr., 82, Anne, Queen, 177. statue of 245. Anson, Lord,' 242, 273. Mr., 273, 282. Anspach, Margrave of, letters from and to, 160. Margravine of, letter from, 160. Antigua, 181. Arbuthnot, Admiral, 130 (2). Archer, Mr., 149. Army, recruiting for, 124-125. regiments in, "the Blues," 141. Arnold (Arnald), G., letters from, 174, 175. Arris, Doctor Thomas, 105. Thomas, 117. Arthur, King, reference to, 258. book of poetry of, 215. Arthur's Chair, see Caidr Idris. "Arundelian Marbles," the, 247. Ashbourne, 231 (4). Ashley, Mr. Serjeant, 30. Ashmole, Elias, 246. Ashridge, letter dated at, 178. Ashton, Robert, 103. Astley, Edward, 125. Aston, Lord, 120. Mr., 264. Sir Thomas, 122 (2). Aston Hall, 240. Athelstone, King, reference to, 275. Atkins, , 185. Attorney-General, the, 20, 61, 74, 206. Audley, Sir Thomas, tiord Chancel- lor, 13. Austen, Sir John, bart., 116, 117. Aust Ferry House, 251. Avon, Mr., 214, 215. Avon, the, 250, 251, 277. Aylesbury (Alesbury), 71, 150, 244 (2), 277. letter dated at, 134. Ayleward, James, 105. Thomas, 105. B Bacon : Dame Jane, 54. , an inventory of, 56. Sir Francis, picture of, 208. , warrant signed by, 28. Nicholas, 56, 57, 185. , portrait of, 208. INDEX. Bacon Estate Book, 185. Badminton, 175, 278. Chinese bedchamber at, 249. description of, 248-249. Italian cabinet at, 249. Bagnal, Walter, 120. Bajin (Bazin?), , 219 (2), 220. Baker. Doctor, 142 (2). Mr., 175. , 51. Bakewell, 233 (2). Bala, 281. description of, 262. Baldock, letters dated at, 133, 141. Baldwyn, Henry, 103. Ball, Mrs., 251. Banbury. 251. Banbury Road, the, 244 (2). Bangor, 265 (3), 281. Bishopric of, 265. Banneret, see Knights Banneret. Baptista. See, Monnoyer. Barbados, 151, 152. Governor of, 151. Barford, 278. Barker, Mr., 209. Barnby, Mr., letter to 123. Robert, letters from, 133, 141- 142. Barnet (Barnett), 85, 104. Barnsley, 239 (3). Baronets, petition against the degree of, 24-27. Bartlett Wood, 185. Bason Hill, 265 (3). Bassa.no, pictures by, 248, 249, 274, 276 (3). Bastille, the, see Paris. Ba,stwick, Dr« John. 206. Bath, 116, 217, 248, 249, 278 (3). Circus the, 249 (2). Milsom Street, 249. Parade, the, 249. Queen Square, 249. Bath, order of the, 27. Bathurst, Earl, 182 (2), 247. letter from, 150. petition to, 181-182. servant of, 278. Batson, P., letter from, 149-150. Bauchesne (Bauchien), 4. Baxter, Daniel, 117. Bayeux, Philip, bishop of, 1. Bayford, 61. Bayley, Sir Nicholas, 265. Beaconsfield (Beacclesfield), 243, 277. Beale, Mr., deputy clerk of the pa- tents, 86. Bearne, Hanse, 15, 16, 18. Beaufort : Duke of, 172, 248, 252. Edmund (Duke of Somerset), 3. family the, 252. Beaumaris, 281. Beaumaris Castle, 265 (3). Beauvais (Bevoyse Bevoyss), 14, 17. Beckwith and France, Messrs., 209. Bedford, 175. Bedford, Duke of, 172 229. Bedford, Mr., 274. Bedgebury Park (Kent), letters dated at, 162, 170, 172, 173. Bedlam, 228. Beercroft, Mr., 218. Beeston Castle, 270. Beggars, wandering, 33. Beket, Archbishop Thomas, witnesses a charter, 1. Belfield, Henry, 104. Bell, Mrs., 18. Bengal, antelopes from, 171. Benington, letter dated at, 62. Bennet, Mr., 216. Mr. Secretary, 86. Bentley, Mrs. Jane, 103. Berkeley, Mr., 209. Berkhamsted (Barkhamsted), 103 (2), 214. ball, the, 178, 218 club, the, 134. King's Arms at, letter dated at, 134. Berkshire, 267. Berrisford, John, 103. Bertholey, 253. Berwin Mountains, the, 262. Bevan, Mrs., 256. Beversham, Sir William, 76-77. Bicester, 244 (3), 277 (2). Bigg, Mr., 52, 53. Bigot, Roger de, 251. Bingham, Lord, 175. Binley, near Coventry, 172. Bird, Sir Thomas, 74. Birmingham, 241 (3), 275 (2), 282, 283. description of, 240, 274. industries of, 240, 274. St. Philip's Church, 274. Biron, Admiral, 182, sec Byron. Biset, Manser, witnesses charter as King's dapifer, 1. Bisham Gates, 134. Bishop's Hatfield, 131 (2). ball at, 162. letters dated at, 144, 161. White Lion at, 120. Bishop's Stortford, 143. letter dated at, 142. Black, Mr., bookbinder, 220. Blacn-pant (Bran-y-pant), 259, 260. Blake, Humfrey, 184. Blenheim, 278. description of, 247. Blog, John, 2. Blount, Sir Henry, 102. Blue Club, the, 216, 217, 219, 221. Blue Coat School, the, 163. Blyth, 234. Bodicoate, Mrs., 154. Bodvack, 262. Bohemia, Henry, Prince of, 229. Queen of, 229. INDEX. 287 Boling-broke, (Bollingbroke) : Earl of, 97, 278. Oliver, son of the Earl of, 96. Bolt en, Mr., 274. Bonefaunt, Augustine, 2. Boney v. Hadnett, suit of, 57. Books, titles of, diaries, literature, papers, etc. Bishop Davenant's analysis on the Ten Commandments, 51. Body of Divinity, Bishop Uss- her's Sermons and Life, 211. Boydell's Shakespeare, 220. College's Trial, 208. Cowper's Dictionary, 215. Gazette, the, 215. Historical Collections, 82-83. Historical Collections of the four last Parliaments of Queen Elizabeth, 205. Historical Dictionary, 211. History of the Bebellion, 247. Johnson's Dictionary, subscrip- tion to, 219. Montreal Gazette, the, 157. No Protestant Plot, 208. Postboy, the, 215. Short view of the life and reign of King Charles, the second monarch of Great Britain, from his birth to his burial, 55-56. State of Denmark, 212. Three weeks' observations in the States Countries, especially Holland, 221. Boston (U.S.A.), 151. Botholey, 253. Bothomley, Mr., letter to, 114-115. Bottomly, 217. Boughton, 230. Boulogne, 14. Bounty-money, 124-125. Bovingdon, 103, passim. Bowditel, — , 140. Bowes, Mr., 215. Boys, Mr., 163. Brabant, English trade with, 6. Bradfield, 14. Bradfield Hall (Essex), 215 (2). Bradford (Dorset), the Wick estate in, 140. Bradshaw, Alexander, 35. Bradwin, Nicholas, 117, 118. Bramston, Sir Mountford, 74. Brand, Dorothy, 120. Mr., 169. Braughing Hundred, 120 (2). Braunton, 146. Braybrooke, Robert, bishop of Lon- don, seal of, 2. Brentford, 146. Brentford Bridge, repair of, 209. Bressey (Bressie), John, 83, 94, 209. Bretaigne, see Brittany. Bribery at elections, reference to, 121. Brice, Doctor, 91, 93. Brickhill, 277. Bridgman, Mr., 94. * Sir Orlando, 206. Bridge-water, Duke of, 232 passim. Earl of, 62, 68, 178. , letter from, 178-180. Bridport, Lord, 173. Bridwells, reference to, 228. Brighton, the Steine, letter dated at, 151. Bringhurst, Joseph, 104. Brigstock (Bridstock), Owen, 259, 260 (2). Briscoe, Edward, 103. John, 105. William, 117. Bristol, 271, 278. 'Change the, at, 250. description of, 249-251. spas and stones, 251. Bristol Wells, 250, 251. St. Vincent Rocks, near, 250. British [Bristol ?] Channel, the, 255. Brittany (Bretaigne), 19. Giles of, 4. Broadhead, Mr., 146. Broadwater Hundred, 120 (2). Bromley (Brumley), Mr., 104. Brooke, Mr., 116. Brown, John, 102. Mr., landscape gardener, 247, 269, 270, 273 (3), 276. Bruce, Lord, 239. Brages, articles signed at, 7. Brunias (Bruin), Augustine, an Italian painter, 234. Brumley, see Bromley. Buckingham, 147, 150, 244, 277. Cobham Arms Inn, at, 150. Buckingham, George Villiers, Duke of, fate of, 95. Buckinghamshire, 55, 134 (2). Bucknall (Bucknal), T. S. Dyott, 175. , letters from, 168-169. Mrs., 179. William, 117, 175, 179. Bulborne, the, 120. Bulkeley, Lord, 265 (2), 266. servant of, 265. Bullock, Henry, letter from, 171. Joseph, letter from, 169. Bulstrode (Bulstrade), 242, 277. "Bunny Sir Perkins" (?), 230. Burford, 247 (3). Burgnice, — , an Italian painter, 243. Burgundy (Bourgoyne), Duchess of, 4, 6, 7, 9. ambassadors to, instructions for, 4-8. Duke of, 7. Burnet, Dr. Gilbert, 82-83, 209, 211. Burrell, Sir William, 149. Burroughs, John, 59. Burston, 185. Burton-upon-Trent, 240 (3). 288 INDEX. Bury (Berry) Hill, near Dorking, 123, 130 (2). Burv St. Edmunds, letter dated at, 76. Bushey, 103-105 passim. Butler, Mrs., 168. Buxton, 218, 231, 232 (4). The Great Hotel at, letter ad- dressed to, 169. Buxton, Robert, 203. B — win (sic), Miss, 270. Byde. Mr., 133. Byron, Lord, 233, see Biron. c Caddington, 104, passim. Cade, Jack, reference to, 8. Caen, 19 21. Caerphilly, 254, passim, 279. Caesar, Sir Henry, 61, 63, 70, 71, 72. , letter from, 62, 63, 65. Mr., 215. Caidr Idris, 262 (2), 281. ascent of, 263. Calais, 6. ambassadors to, 4. loss of, 14, 21. marches of, 14. "Turmells" at, 21. Calamy, Mr., 62. Calls, Sir John, 156. Calvert, John (junior) letters from 148, 159, i69. Mr., 141 passim. Calvin, John, reference to, 190. Cambridge, Countess of, 12. Cambridge, King's College Chapel, 249. University 247. Camden, William, 254. Canals, reference to, 120, 145, 146, 148. 149, 150, 151, 153, 232, 240. Cane, Mr., 85. Cannas, battle of, 108. Cannon, Henry, 104. Canterbury, John Stafford, arch- bishop of, 2. Cardiff, 254 (3), 279. Cardigan, 259 (2). description of, 260. Cardiganshire, 259. Carlisle, Earl of, 236. Carmarthen, 209 (3), 280 (2). Carmathenshire Hills, the, 259. Carnarvon, 265 (4), 266 (3), 281. Agle Tower, 264. County Court, 264. Green Gate Tower, 264. Town House, the, 264. Caroline, Queen, statue of, 244. Carr, William, 117, 118. Carracci, Horacius, 243. Carryer v. Carryer, suit of, 57. Carter, Joseph, letter from, 80. Cartier, Mr., 162. Cartwright, Mary, 170. Cary, Doctor, 18. Cashio (Cassio) troop, the, 182. Cashio Hundred, inhabitants of, 102- 105. Cashiobury, 242. Castle Ashby, 230. Castleford, 235 (2). Roman causeway near, 235. Castle Howard, description of, 230- 237. Castlereagh, Lord, 181. Castleton (Derbyshire), 232 (2). Castiglione, painting by, 271. Cautiey, Rev. John, letter from, 154. Celyn, 268. Cerrig-Cennen (Careg-Canon), 257, 259. Chamberlain (Chamberlyn), Charles, 105. Sir Ralph, 14. Chambers, Mr., 216 (2), 220. Chancery, court of, cases in, 205- 206. officials of, disputes between, 72- 74. procedure in, 73. records of, 95-96. usher of, 57. Chancery Lane, see London. Chapman, Mr., 212. Charitable Uses, statute of, commis- sion under, 196. Charles I., 33, 83, 246, 268, 271, 273. petition to, 28. pictures and other property of, bought by Sir John Witte- wronge, 64. Charles II., 59, 61, 63, 64, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 98, 99. addresses to, on a plot against, in 1683, 84. gift to, 57. warrant signed by, 59. Charles V., the Emperor, reference to 228. Charles VII., of France, 2. Charlestown, 127. Charnocke, Mr., 102. Chatsworth, description of, 233. Chedder, 185. Chelsea pensioners, reference to, 171. Chepstow (Cheapstow), 251 (3), 252 (3), 278 (2). Castle, 252. Chequer, the, in the Strand, 20. Chert sey Bridge, repair of, 209. Chesapeak river, the 183. Chesham, 120, 150. Chesham Water, 120. Cheshire, 269, 270, INDEX. 289 Chester, 262, 270, 282. Bishop's Palace at, 27G. Castle, 269. Cathedral, 269. , Chapter House in, 269. City Hall, 270. description of, 269-270. Earl of, 269. Earls Palatine of, 260. Exchange, the, 270. reference to, 264. rows or piazzas in, 270. see of, 273. Chesterfield, 233, 24 (2). Chesterfield Wall, 273. Chetwynd (Chetwynnes), Lord, 273. Chicheley, Henry, Archbishop of Canterbury, statue of, at Ox- ford, 245. Childe, Henry, 103. Childwick Mill, 185. Chiltern Hundreds, the, 168. Chinese trophies, 273. Chipping Barnet (Chippinge Bar- net t), 103 passim. Chirk (Chirck) Castle, 262, 268 (2). Christie, W., 217. Christopher, — , 280. Churchill. Captain, 101. Lord, 100 passim, 101. Mr., 99. See Marlborough. Cirencester, 247 (2), 248, 278 (3). letter dated at, 180. Cirencester Park, 247. Cistercian Order, the, 251. Clagett v. Larest, suit of, 57. Clarendon, Earl of, 247 (2). letters from, 59. 61, 62, 66 (2), 67 (2), 72, 124, 146. letters to, 65, 69, 70. statue of, 247. Clarges (Clergis), Thomas, 90. Sir Walter, member for Colches- ter, 81-82. Claridge, Mr., 217, letter to, 128-129. Clarke (Clark), — , 126. Gilpin, 104, 105. Mr., 151. Wilford, 105. Clay, Mr., 155 (3). Clavson, Neeles, 110. Clayton, Sir Robert, 209 (2). William, 115, 117 passim, 119. Cleaver, Sir Charles, 100. Richard, 104. Clifton, 251. Clinton, Sir Henry, 152. Cloth, English, 6. industry, 149-150. trade in, 23-24, 30-31. Clumber, description of, 234. Clutterbuck, Mr., 219. Clwyd (Cluid), Vale of, 267 (2), 268. Cobham 3 letter dated at, 145* I Cock, Henry, 22. Mr., 185. : Cbokburn, John, 174. Charles, son of, 174. Codicote, 104. Coffin, cost of, 214. ; Coghill Henry, 105. Coke (Cooke), Sir Edward, 95. , warrant to expunge errors in the reports of, 27, 28. , quoted, 186. John, 184. Colbrand the Dane, 275. Colchester, 33, 82. address to Charles II. from, 84. burgesses of, 2. commonalty of, 8. election of member of Parlia- ment for 81, 82. election of mayor of, (1639), 198- 200 speeches at, 200-205. gift to, by Charles II., 57. High Steward of, 83. Holy Cross Priory, chapel and hospital at, 2. — — , surrender of, 13. letters dated at, 80, 81 (3), 84. Mayor of, 81. , letters to, 82, 84. relief of the poor in, 31-35. suggested derivation of name of, 202. Cole. Charles, 121. Dorothy, 105. Sir Michael, 213. William, 105. Coleborne, Nicholas, 104. Coleraine, Lord, 103. Colles, Edward, 105. j Colne, the, 120 passim. Colne Wake : great storm at,. 59. incumbent of, see Layfield. letter dated at, 59. Colney Chapel, 160. letter dated at, 160. Colours, presentation of, 177-178. Colt, Lady, 103. Common Pleas, chief justice of, 23. Commons, House of, 80, 122, 125, 127, 132 (2), 135, 139-140 (2), 143, 164, 166, 175, 268. letter dated at, 143. petitions to, 98, 138. I Compton, Sir Francis, 89. Henry, bishop of London, trial of, 87-94. Coningsby (Coningesbie), Sir Harry, 103. , mother of, 103. R., letter from, 122. Constantine, Lady, 208. Constat, the, 209. Converts, House of. See London, Rolls House. s 290 INDKX. Conway, 260 (4), 281. description of, 266. river, the, 266. Conway Castle, 266 (4). Cook, terms of hiring, 146. Cook (Cooke), H., 246. James, 117. Cooley, Thomas, 101. Coombes (Coombe), Sir Richard, 69, 103. Cooper, Susan, 43, 44. Copenhagen (Copenshauen), 109, 110. Copinger, Mary, letter from, 76. mother of, 76. Coppyn, Thomas, 104. Corbett, "Mr. Justice, lord mayor," 20. Corn, scarcity of, 162. Corn Bill, the, 143, 144 (2). Corn Laws, the, 143. Cornwall, 255. Duchy of, 184. survey of, 184. Cornwall and York, Duke of, 184. Cornewallis, Lord, 67, 68, 129. Corporation Act, the, 142. Corregio, paintings by, 242, 243. Cotesworth, Dr., 214. Cottin, Mr., 154. Cotton, cultivation of, 134. Cotton, Sir John, 104. William, 104. Council, Lords of the, petition to, 33. Courteenhall, Northants, 157. County Election Act, the, 139. Court rolls, 183. Courtrai (Crotoye, Crotoie), 5. Co vent Garden, see London. Coventry, 240, 241 (2). Cowbridge, 255 (3), 279. Cowley, Phillip (junior), letter from, 180. Cowper, Alderman, 131. Earl, 116. Elizabeth, wife of John, 85. John, 113. , letters from, 139 (2), 163, 168. F. W., letter from, 154. Mr., 131, 175, 176, 214. Cox (Coxe), Alban, 53, 104. — , 214. Cracovia, 107. Cradoc, Prince, 267. Cranbrook, 170. Creffield, Ralph, letter from, 81. Crew (Crewe), John, 105. Mr., 272, 273. Crewe Hall, 272, 273 (2). Cricket bat and ball, payment for, 219. Criccieth (Criokaith), 264. Croke (Crooke) : Sir George, 30, 55. , notebooks of, 205. Sir John, 205. j Cromwell, Oliver, reforence to, 83, 237, 249, 252, 254, 261, 263, 267, 273. Richard, reforence to, 102. j Crosfield, Mr., 216. Cross, John, warrant to, 61. Croxteth (Croxworth), 270. | Culford Church, monument in 54. Culford Hall, 54. letter dated at, 94. Culpepper, John, Lord, 59. Cumniing, Mr., 128. Currey Mallet, manor of, survey of, 184. Cursitors, Company of, 207. i Cursitors Office, the, 83. Curtis, Captain, 151. Curwen, Mr., 164, 165, 166. Customs, farmer of, letter to, 30. D Dacorum, hundred of, 120 (2). inhabitants of, 102-105. Dagnall, John, 104. D'Alva, Duke, 221. Danes, the, reference to, 261. Danzig, 23, 24. Darcy (Darcie) Lord, his picture, 42. Mistress Susan, her picture, 42. Dashwood, Mr., 230. Davenant, Bishop, 51. Daventry, 241 (4), 277 283. Day, Elizabeth, 103, 104.' Deane, Mr., 183. ' Deborgg, — , his incarceration in the Bastille, and execution for religion, 22. De Clare, Walter, 251. Dee, the, bridge over, 270. De Grey, Thomas, letter from, 124- 125. letter to, 125. De Laet, Charles, 137 (2), 138. letter from, 144-145. De la Font, — , 219. Del Sarto, Andrew, 276. Denbigh (Denbeigh), 262, 268, 282. title of, 268 (2). town hall, 268. Denbigh Castle, 268. Dendv, Samuel, letter from, 155. Denmark, 108, 109, 111. English in the service of, 108. King of, 109 (2), 110. trade with, 274. war with, 108. Dennis, - — , 216. Derby, 231 passim 240 (4). Assembly Rooms, 231. china manufactory at, 231. churches, 231. INDEX. 291 Derby — cant. County House, 231. silk manufactory at, 231. * Derby, Karl of, seat of, described, 271. Derbyshire marble, 231. " mountains," the, 233. Derwent (Deewen), the, 231. Dessineer. Mr., 211. Despencer, Lord, 243 (3), 277. seat of, near West Wycombe, described, 243. De Suasse, Monsieur, 14, 21. Devaynes, Mr., 159, 160, 161. Devil's Bridge, the, 260, 280. Devonshire, 256. Devonshire, Duke of, 233 passim. D'Ewes, Sir Symonds, 205. Diaries, extracts from, 221-283. Dieppe, 18. Dimsdale, F., 140. Dinas Byan Castle, 269. Disland Castle, 259. Disley, 232 (4). Ditchley, 277, 278. description of, 247. Dockwra, Mr., 99, 101. Dodderidge, Sir John, 28. Dolgelly (Dolgethly), 281. described, 262-263. Dominica, 182. Donbavand, Dr. Nathan, letter from, 55. Doncaster, 234 (2), 235 (2). Mansion House at, 234. Doreword, John, son of William, 2. Dorking, 145 (2), 154, 155. Bury Hill, near, 123, 126. Canal, 149 (3). letters dated at, 149, 155 (2). Dorsetshire, 130. Dress (ladies'), cost of, in 1684, 85. Druid Temple, ruins of, 253. Drummonds, Messrs., bankers, 174. Drunkenness, evils of and measures to reform, 31-35. Dublin, 265. House of Lords at, 132. letter dated at, 132. Dudley, Henry, 18. Dunbar, battle of, 83. Duncombe (Duncomb), Sir John, 77. Mr., 237, 238. Duncombe Park, description of, 237- 238. Dundas, Sir Lawrence, 242. Dunkirk, 226. Dunstable, 150', 229, 241, 242 (2), 277, 283. turnpike the, 218. Dunwich, Mr., 153. Durer, Albert, 276. Durham, Bishop of, 87. Dutch, the, references to, 222, 223, 224 (2), 227, see Hollanders. Dutch pictures, 249. E Ealing, 180 (2). Eames : Edward, 101. Mr., 269, 273. East Barnet, 103 passim. Eastbourne (Estbourn), Sussex, manor of, 12. East Indies, the, 224, 253. Eaton Hall, Cheshire, 270. Eccles, Joseph, 117. Ecclesiastical Affairs, court of the lords commissioners for, 87-94. Edgbaston Hall, 240. Edgware Road, 219. Edinburgh, 172. Edlyn, John, 104. Edney, Thomas, 77, 79, 80. Edward I., 99 (2), 262. 265, 266, 267, 268. Edward II., 99. Edward III., 30. Edward IV., 58. petiitoTi to, 8. Edward VI., 98 (2), 99. Edwards, Mr., 254. Edwards v. Blechenden, suit of, 57. Edwinstree Hundred, 120 (2). Eeve, Richard, 103. Egham (Surrey), 122. poor of, 83. Ekering (Notts.), manor of, 12. Eland, Lord, 212 (2). Elders Hole (Buxton), 232. Eleanor of Guienne, Queen of Henry II., 1. Elizabeth, Queen, 20, 97, 246, 268, 275. projected alliances for, 21. warrant signed by, 13. Eilk River, the, 151. Elliot, Sir John, 30. Ellis (Ellys) : John, 105. Mr., 70. Ellis v. Whiting, suit of, 57. Elsinore (Ellsinaue), 109, 110. Elstree (Idlestrey), 103. Engeham, Sir Thomas, 103. England, 109, 126, 132 (2), 159, 161, 179, 182 (2), 226, 235, 236, 242, 247 (2), 250 (2), 269. chancellor of, 1, 8. Kings of, 270. Lord Marshal of, see de Clare, Walter, Fitz Richard, ports in, 3. Scottish expedition into, 83. English, the, 223 (2), 224, 227. English, General, 182. 292 INDEX. Epitaphs, verses, etc., 82, 250. Eitheg (Eddig, Eithrig), 2G8 (2), 209 (2), 282. Essex, 139, 156. Bacon estates in, 185. Essex, Robert Devereux, Earl of, monument to, 275. Algernon Capel, Earl of, pro- jected marriage of, 85. Estcourt. letters dated at, 158, 164, 166, 174 Estcourt, Mr. , 218. Thomas, letters from, 158-159, 164-165, 166-168, 174-175. Estrington (Lincoln), manor of, 12. Europe, 128 (2), 129, 158, 183 (2), 223, 229, 257. Fleet from, 127. Eustace, Sir Maurice, 205. Evans, Thomas, 77. Eversden-in-Westwick, 185. Eversfield (Eaversfield), 169. Eversthorne, Edward, 110. Ewer, Nathaniel, 102. Exchequer, the 186. Barons of, 23, 268. Chancellor of, 152. Court of, 60. , Croke's Judgment in, 205. Lord Chief Baron of, 23. warrant to' officers of, 13. Exchequer Chamber, the, 208. Excise : Board of, 138, 139, 141. Commissioners of, 138. Exuma, cotton crops at, 134. Eye (Suffolk), 18. F Fairfax, — , 252. Fairford, Viscount, 131. Fanshaw (Fanshawe), Lord, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65 passim, 68, 69, 70 passim, 71, 72. Farinato (Farion), Paolo, 243. Farington, manor of, survey of, 184. Farnham, 152. Fawsley, 241. Fell, Mr., 155. Felton, — (Buckingham's murderer), 95 Fenny Stratford, 241 (3), 242. Festiniog, 262 (3), 281. Fettau, Mr., 210. Finch, Sir Heneage, Solicitor Gene- ral, 75. Finland, 106. Duke of, 107. Fire, the great, 69. Fireworks. 112 1 Flamstead, 103, 104. Flanders, 15. Fletcher, Mr., 214. Flushing, 229. Foorde, John, 2. Forges, to be charged for in tho Hearth Tax, 76. | Forrester : Lady, 132. , letters from, 126, 162, 170, 172-174. George, Lord, 172, 173, 174. John, 172. William, Lord, 172. , Margaret, daughter of, 174. Forrester peerage, the, 172-174. ' Forton Prison, 148. Foster, Sir Robert, 206. Fotherby : John, 103. Sir Thomas, 100. Foundling Hospital, the, 163. Fountaine, Sergeant, 73. Fountains Abbey, 238. Fowy, river, the, 266. I Fox, Robert ( ?), 56. Fox-hunting, 144. France, 15, 128 (2), 149, 158, 175 (2), 177. Ambassador to, 2. English lieutenant in, (Duke of Somerset), 3. Kings of, Charles VII., 2, 6, 9. — , Francis II., 15. Henri II., death of, 22. trade with, 274. Frankfort, letter dated at, 112. Franklin (Francklyn), Sir Richard, 103. Fraunceys, Thomas, 2. Frederick, Sir John, 175. , Freeman, Mr., 113. French, the, 127, 129, 152. French Camp, the, 14. French Fleet, 151. French Prisoners, 148-149. French watches, reference to, 123. Friseland, 7. Prises, 7. Fuller, Thomas, letter from, 142. , letters to, 142-143. Funerals, expenses in connection with, 87, 112, 113, 154-155, 217. G Gaddesden (Gadsdon), 103, 104. Gade, river, 120. Gainsborough, Thomas, 276 Gteka (p), — , 249, Index. 293 Gate, Mr., 129. Mrs., 129. Galloway, James, 151. Game Laws, the, remarks upon, 164- 168. Gape, Joseph, 168. , letter from, 163-164. , letter to, 175-176. Messrs., 131. Thomas, 119. , letter to, 121-122. Gardner, Mr., 253 (2). Garrards (Gerrard ?), Sir John, 102. Garter King of Arms, the, 4. Garth, a hill so called, 255. Garthewyn, 267. Gauge, John, 184. Gavaston, an Italian, 14. Geary, — , 170. Geneva, Capucin de, 243. George I., justices of, reference to, 118. George III., 151, 152, 175. Georgia, 127 (2), 128. German clock, reference to, 214. Germany, 22, 23, 30, 31, 190, 229. Gerrard, Sir Gilbert, attorney- general, 20' Gerrard's Cross, 242. Gibson John, 216. Gifford, Mr., 105. Gilliamsterne, Gilliam, 111. Girard, Mr., see Gerrard. Glaeig Rocks, the, 269. Gladman, Mr., 102. Glamorganshire, 255. Glascocke, William, 103. Glass-paintings by Joshua and Wil- liam Price (Price and Son), 242 245 Gleneagles, 173, 174. Gloucester, Humphrey, duke of, 246. Gloucestershire, 248. Glynllivon (Glynlisson), 265. Godbott, James, 180. Godeston, Thomas, 2. Godman, Thomas, letter from, 157. Gold, Mr., 220. Golden Grove, 259. Golden Hill, 253. Golding, — , 18. Goldsmith's Hall Association, the, 173. Goodfellowe, Christopher, 105. Godwin (Goodwyn), Mr., 103. Gore, William, 115, 117 passim, 119. Gorhambury (Gorambury, Godam- burie, Gorranibury), 65, 66, 67, 79, 130 (2), 132 (2), 133, 142, 144, 161, 171, 174, 185, (2), 208, 212, 215, 216 (3), 218, 219 passim,, 220 (3), 221 (2), 242, 277. books at, 220. chapel at, 77, 80. coach journey to, from London, 66 Gorhambury — cont. letters addressed to, 151, 152, 174. letters dated at, 53, 62, 80, 126, 130, 133, 144, 175, 177. plans for new house at, 124 (3). rebuilt, 131. resolutions of farmers at, 162- 163. staircase erected at, 114. stone for, taken from Sopwell, 77. survey of (xvii. century) 184- 185. Gorhambury House, insurance of, 217. Gore, Sir John, 62. Gosport, 148. Gough, Sir Henry, 240. Gouldbarie, Castle of, 108. Gower, Lord, 282. , seat of, 273. Mr., 121. Grace, Mr., 212. Grafton, Duke of, 241. Grand, Roebrt, 136 passim, 137. Grand Junction Canal, the, 146, 147, 148, 150, 151, 153, 154. Grant, General, 152. Grantham, Lord, seat of, near Ripon, 238. Granville (Grantville, Graunoille), new tower of, 3, 4. Grattan, Henry, 132. Graves, Admiral, 130. Gray, — , 219. Great Britain, 128 (2), 129, 158, 175, 183, 254. trade with, 130. Great Marlow Bridge, 134. Upper Crown Inn at, 134. Green, Thomas, letter from, 80. Green Cloth, the, 102. Greenhill, — , 275. Captain, 216. Grey (Gray) : General, 151. Lord, 15, 18, 22. — — , his servant, 15. — — , his lodgings, 16. Robert, 218. - Griffiths, Mr., 264. Grimston (Grymeston) : Lady Anne, second wife of Sir Samuel, 85. Charlotte, 161, 162, 176, 220. Edward, ambassador to France, 3, 4. , acquitted of high treason, 13. , instructions for, 2. , lands of, 13. , petitions of, 8-13. , signature of, 11. Sir Edward, controller of Calais, 13-22. , daughter of, 14. LVDEX. rimston (( rrymeston) — cont. Sir Edward, escape from the Bastille, 13-22. , trial of, in London, 20. , wife of, (Elizabeth) and children of, 13, 21. Elizabeth, 31, 32, 85, 209, 211. Sir Harbottle, 50, 57, 68, 09, 72, ' 73. 77, 78, 79, 85, 102, 103, 105, 205, 206, 208 passim, 209 passim, 221. , book of notes of, 186-205. , burgess of Colchester, 57. , diary of, 221, 229. , election as M.P. for Col- chester, 81, 82. , funeral of, 87. , letters from, 53, 62, 65, 69, 70, 82, 84. ■ , letters to, 35, 51, 52, 53, 59 61 62 63 65, 66, 67-72, 76^ 80', 81, 82, 84, 94, 95. , Master of the Rolls, 58. , monies paid to, 96. , petition of, 96. , proposal by, 95. , signature of, 229. , speeches, etc., by, 186-205. , warrant to, 59. , wife of, 62, 65, 66, 67, 72. Rev. Harbottle, 156 Harriot, 162' 176, 177, 178 (3). Jane, wife of the first Viscount, 86. Jane, (1797) 172. James Walter, letter from, 156. , letters to, 156-157, 162, 164 (2), 168, 178, 180 (2). Lady, 219 (2), 209 passim, 210, 211 (2). Lord funeral expenses of, 217. Mary, 85, 209. Miss, 209, 210 passim, 211. , letter from, 177. the Misses 162. Mr., 114, 135, 162, 208, 209. ; letters to 114, 176-177 (2). Mrs. letter from, 177-178. Phillip (wife of Edward), 12-13. daughters of, 13. Sir Samuel 53, 85, 87, 94, 99 (2), 100, 101 passim. , funeral of, 112-113. , Lady Anne, second wife of, 85. Sarah, letters from, 51, 53. Sophia, 177, 178. Susannah, wife of John Warde, see Warde. Viscount, 115, 116 passim, 117 passim, 127 (2), 130, 132, 133, 140 (2), 141, 174, 178. , letters from 123, 125, 126, 128, 129, 130, 131, 133, 135, 140, 142, 143 (2), 144. , letters to, 116, 122 pas- sim, 124, 125, 126, 127, 131, 132, 133, 134, 135, 136 137, 139 140 141, 142 (2). i GrimstcMi (Grymeston) — cont. Viscount, signature of, 131. , steward of, 140. Viscountess 130, 132, 174. , letter to, 126, 127-128, 129-130. Walter, 219. William, 114, 135. , letter from, 114. see Lucky n and Verulam. Grisson, Hans, 110. Grosse, — , 35. Grosvenor, Lord, 129, 282. seat of, Eaton Hall, 270. Gaudalupe, 271. Guido. See Reni, Guido. Guinea, trade with, 271. Guienne ports in, 3. Guildford, 152. Guise. Duke of, 14. General, 245. Gultchwell Springs, 120 (2). Gustavus Adolphus, 108, 110. coronation of, 105-112. Guy, Henry, 100. Gye and Balne, Messrs. (printers), 180. H Haarlem (Harlem), 226. Hacket, B., 273. Hackfall, 238. Hadham, 218. Hadley, George, 103. Hagley, 274 (2), 282. description of, 275. Haldane, George 174. Major, 172 ±73. Margaret, 174 (2). Patrick, 172, 173 passim, 174 (2). Hale, Cecily, 179. Elizabeth, 179. Henry, 179. Mary, 179. Halifax, "Lord, 229. Hall, Mr., 157, 210. Nathaniel letters from, 134, 159- 160, 161. Robert. 104. Timothy, letter from, 149. William, 185. , letter to, 135. Halsey, Thomas, 100. Hamilton (Hambledon) Lord Archi- bald, 273. Hampstead. See Hemel Hempstead. Hanaper the 83. Hanburv Mr., 230, 253 (3). Haudford's Estate, 120. Hankford P (Hanford ?), Sir John, 3. Hanley (Handley), James, 117. INDEX. Hanmer,' Sir Thomas, 76. Hannibal, reference to, 108. Harbord, Sir Harbord, 125. Harby, Sir Job, 102. Harbourdin (Harburdyn), Lord, 5. Harcourt, R. B., letter from, 142. Hardelot ' (Hardlowe), 14. Harding, — , 211. Hardwick, Lord and Lady, portraits of, 273, 275. Hardwick Hall, description of, 233. Hardy, Sir Charles, 128. Harewood Hall, 239. Harlech (Harlach), 263 (2), 281. Harpenden, 102, 103, 104 passim. Hartwell, Bucks., letter dated at, 55. Harrogate, 239 (2).. waters, 231. Harrow Enclosure Award, 173. Harrow School, 153. Harvey, Lady, 76, 77. Mr., 77. Hastings, 220 Hatcher, Mr., 183. Hatfield (Herts), see Bishop's Hat- field. Hatfield (Yorks.), 144. Havannah 129. Haverford West, 257 (2), 258 (4), 280. Havre, 148. Hawgood, — , 185. Hawksbury, Lord, 144, 175. Hay, Mr., 151. Hayes, 180. Headstone Farm 173. Hearth Tax, the, 74-76. Heath, 235 (2). Heehington (Sussex), hamlet of, 12. Hedges, Doctor, 91-92. Helmsley, see Duncombe Park. Helridge Castle, 258. Helsingborg (Ellsingborowe) Castle of, 108. Hemcl Hempstead (Hamsted), 130, 104 passim. 120, 150. market at, 60. Hemskerck, paintings by, 276. Hendervorte, painting by, 271. Henry I., charter of, to St. Alban's Abbey, reference to, 1. Henry II., charter of 1. Henry III., 99. records of the reign of, 58. Henry IV., records of the reign of, 58. Henry V., 252. records of the reign of, 58. Henry VI. records of the reign of, 58. instructions from, 2-3. letter from, 2. statue of, 245. petitions to 9, 10, 12. Henry VII., 257, 258, 261. Henry VIII., 246, 267, 270, 271. letters patent of, 60. Heralds College, the, 172 passim, 173 ! Hereford, Lord, 261. 1 Heme, Joseph, 57. Hertford, 69, 70', 126, 130, 137 pas- sim, 138. 141 passim, 142, 143 (2), 147,' 169, 175. armed troops at, 137-138. assizes at, 61. Bell Inn at, 218. dissenters' meeting house at, 220. letter dated at, 140. quarter sessions at, 74. warrant dated at, 61. ! Hertford River, the, 131 (2). i Hertfordshire, 117 125, 132 141, 143, 176, 242. arms of, 177. Bacon estates in, 185. election, 130, 218. high sheriff of, 13, 22, 99. justices of, petition from, 138. lord-lieutenant of, 70. militia of, 68, 69. writ for members of Parliament for, 100. yeomanry of, 182. j Herts, and Essex Medical Society, the, 220. i Hewett, Robert, 103. I Heyden, John, 103. 1 Hexton, 104. Heylyn, Peter, letter to, 55-56. Hickman, John, letter from, 140-141. Mr., 102. Hicks (Hixe), Doctor, 105. j Hide, see Hyde ! Hill, James, 117. John, letter from 152-153. ! Hislop, Major-General, 181 (2). Hitchin, 143 passim. Club, the, 218. letter dated at, 139. petition from, 143. quakers of, letter from 139-140. , letter to, 140. Hockley, 170. Hogath, William, 250. Holbein, Hans, 248. Holdenby, Charles I. removed to, 83. Holland, 6, 7. description of 221-229. English trade with 6, 274. Holland, Mr., 220. Hollanders, 7, see Dutch the. I Holywell Town, 267 (3), 282. ! Honey wood, — , 170 passim. Hollis, Mr., 30. Thomas, 117. Holt, Sir Leicester, 240. Honthorst, picture by 275. Horrells, 185. Horsaye, Edward, 19. wife of, 19. Horsham, 145. Horseman, Francis, 184. 296 INDEX. Horton, 229. Horton House, 229. Howard, Mr., 142, 209. Howard Family, mausoleum of, 236. Howe, General, 151. Sir George, 208. Lady, 88, 209 (2), 216. Lord, 151 (2). Mr., 67. Howfields, 185. How Hill, 238. Hoxton, Pitfield Street, letter dated at, 174. Hubbard, Sir Henry, chief justice of the Common Pleas, 28. Hubberston (Habbcrtson), 257 (4), 280. King's Arms at, 257. Huddleston, L. letter from, 123- 124. Hulton, Sir Richard, justice of the Common Pleas, 28. Humane Society, the, 220. Hume, Sir Abraham, letter from, 147. letter to, 147. Hungarians, the, 107. Humberston, Mr., 122. Hunsden, Mr., 104. Hunter, Dr., 219. Huntingdon, 169. Hutchinson, Mr., 131 (2). Hyde, Sir Nicholas, 30 Sir Thomas, 102. see Clarendon, Earl of. I Indemnity, act of, 63, 65, 72. Indian curios, 236. Indies, the, 227. Spanish, 235. Inglescombe, manor of, survey of, 184. Ingestree (Inglostree), 273, 282. Ingham, see Engeham. Inglis, Sir John, 173 (3). Inventories : Dowager Countess Rivers' 35- 51. Lady Jane Bacon's at Culford Hall, 56-57. Ipswich (Ippswyche), 54, 81, 184. Ireland, 66, 250', 245, 258, 264. chancellor of, 205. Cromwell's expedition to, 83. ports in, 3. Irish Rebels, 83. Isaack Mr., 210. Isabella, Queen, 228. Ishani Sir Edward, 230. Italy. ' 266. trade with, 22. Itoiis. Mr., 276. Ivory, Mr., 102. Ivry (Yvory), 4. J Jackett, alias Rose, John, 140. Jacob, a servant, 278, 281 283. James I., 97, 140, 246. petition to, 28. warrant of, 23. James II., 274. statue of, 245. Jamaica, 174. Japan, trade with, 274 (2). Jenkins (Jenkyn), 'Godman, 104. Mr., a nonconformist 68. Robert, 104. Jennings (Jenyns, Jennens), Lady Alice, 103. Mr., 115 passim. Richard, 103, see also under, Marlborough, Duchess of. Jersey, 19. Elizabeth Castle, 20. Jersey, Earl of, 170, 171. Jewish converts at the Rolls, 209. Jews, reference to, 224 (2), 225, 229. John (King), 99. statue of, 258 (2). Johnson, John, 152. Mj\, 86. Thomas, 13, Johnstone, General, 152. Joice, "Agitator George," 83. Jones, Inigo, his original name, 266. Edward, letter from, 145. Miss, 267. Sir William, 30. Jonkoping (Yin Kippin), 108. Jonson, Cornelius, paintings by, 276 (3). K Kammell's (Kammeli's) Concert, 217. Keats, Mr., a surgeon, 124. Kedleston, 231. Keelinge, Mr., 30. Keemars, Miss, 258. Mr., 257. Kelligrew, Doctor, 102. Kelmarsh Hall, 230. Kelvedon, the "Angel" inn at, 86. INDEX. Kemy's Folly, 253. Kensworth, 104, 178. Kent, 171, 215. "men" of, 108. traitor of, see Cade, Jack. Kent, John, 218. , letter from, 131. Dr. Thomas, 4. Walter, 119. Kentish, Christopher, 105. Cowley, 180. Thomas, 104, 180. William 105. Kidwelly (Kaedwilly), 256 (3). Kilby, Mr., 180. Kilgerran Castle, 260. King (Kinge), Doctor, 102. Francis 104. Robert, Bishop of Oxford, 246. King's Bench, the, 30, 61, 80, 136. Kingsbury, manor of, 94. Kingsland, 69. King's Langley, 103. Kingsley William, 103. Kingston, Duke of, 234. Mr., 147, 149, 163. King's Walden, 178. market, 159. Kinnaird, Lord, 150. Kitscn, Lady, portrait of, 42. Sir Thomas portrait of, 42. Knatchbull, — , 170. Kneller, Sir Godfrey, 276. payment to for a picture, 212. Knight (Night), John, 152. Knightley, Mr., 171, 241. Knights-Banneret, order of 26. Knihaith, 281. Knowsley, 270, 271. Kynant-y-Felin, 263. L La Fayette, Marquis de, 129. Laighton, Henry, 103. Lake, Mr., 104. Laky n, John 35. Lamb, Mr. 178. Lamport, 230. Lancaster, house of, 251. Land Tax, the, 80, 122. Langley, 104 (2). Langley, John, 203. Langthorn, — , 273. Lapland, 106. Duke of, 107. Laplanders, 112. Lascelles, Mr., 169. his house near Harrogate de- scribed, 239. I Lashley, Mrs., 151. Thomas, letter from, 151-152. Latham Castle, 272. Lauderdale, Lord, 174. Laughern (Laugharne), 256, 257 (2), 279, 280. Laugherns, Mr., 258. Lavannia, Duke of, 106. Laverton, manor of, survey of, 184. Lawley, Francis, 140. Lawrance (Lawrence, Laurence), 68. Alderman, 82. John, 86. Valentine, 104. I Lawson, Mr., 105. ! Layfield, E., letter from, 59. I Leavesden, hamlet of, 103. Lee (Leigh), Anthony, 172. Sir Francis, 100'. F., letter from, 170-171. Mrs., 85. Sir Richard, 185. Warner, 214. j Leeds, 239 (3). cloth industry at, 239. Le Fevere, — , 275. Legyesse, 19. Leicester, 139. | Leicester, Robert Dudley Earl of 268 (2). Lely, Sjr Peter, 248 (2), 249, 272, j 275, 276. J Leinan, William, 103. I Lenfant, M. Johan 3. Lenthal, Mr., 247,' 278. J Leslie — . letter from 155. Le Seur, Hubert, 246.' Lessop, William, 105. Lichfield. 240 (4), 274, 282. Cathedral, 273. diocese of, 270, 273. siege of, reference to, 276. Lichfield, Earl of, 247. Lilley (Lilly), races at 217. Lily, Mrs., 85. Limose, 261. Lincoln, Bishop of, see Williams. Earl of, 268. Lincolnshire, manors in, 8. Lincoln's Inn, see under London. Lindegreen, Messrs., 148. Lire, Mrs., 85. Lisieux (Lexoviensis), Ernulf, bishop of 1. Liverpool, 250, 270 (3), 272, 282. Assembly and Card Rooms at, description of, 270-271. Docks, 271. public offices, in, 270. St, George's Church, 271. St. Paul's Church described, 270-271. St. Peter's Church, 271. St. Thomas' Church, 271. Sessions Court, 270. Theatre at, 271. 298 INDEX. Livinstone, John, 117. Livonia (Livland Leifland), Duke of, 106-108. Lizard, near Birniingliani, 274. Llandaff, 254, 279. Bishop of, see Watson, Richard. bishopric of, 255. Llanddwywe, 263 (2), 281. Llandilo (Lanyllo), 259 (2), 280. Llanfyllin (Llanwillin), 262, 280. Llanrhaiadr-yn-Mochnant (Llanr'hudr-in-Morhnan), 262. i Llanwrst (Llanrist), 266 (2), 267, 281. Llawhaden (Llawhaddnen), 259. Lloyd (Loyed, Loyd), 213, 260. Bell, 262. Mr. 267 (2) 269, 281. Mrs'., 262. Lockey, John, 22. Lomax, Joshua, 102, 103, 115, 116 imssim, 117 passim, 120, 121, (2), 122 (2), 176. London, 20, 59 (2), 64, 65, 69, 76, 94, 128, 130, 145, 147, 152 (2), 174, 177 183 211, 213 217 235, 236, 241,' 250, 253, 265. Cromwell's march upon, refer- ence to, 83. dinner to St. Albans' voters, given in, 218. plague in. 67. rents in, 128-129. London, places in : Arlington street, letter dated at, 153. Audley Chapel, 218. Bacon Estates in, 185. Baker Street letters dated at, 168 (2). Bloomsbury Square, 85. Board of Agriculture, Whitehall, letter dated at 155. Bond Street, 128.' Chancery Lane 80. , Rolls in, 208. Chandos (Shandois) Street, Cav- endish Square, 124, 214. Chandos Street, Grosvenor Sq., 216. Change, the, reference to, 250. Charing Cross, 246. Chequer, the, 20. Converts, House of, see below , Rolls House. Co vent Garden, 95. Custom House, the, 23 24, 30, 213 Fleet 'Street, Globe Tavern in, 214. Fulham House letter dated at 153. Great Marlborough street, 149. Great St, Martin's Lane, 209. Grosvenor Chapel, 217. , pew rent in, 218. Grosvenor Mews, 217. >ndon, places in — coni. Grosvenor Square, letters dated at, 125, 126, 128, 135, 136, 142, 180. Great St, Martin's Lane, 209. Hanover Square, 120 (2). Hill Street, 125. , letter dated at, 127. Inner Temple Lane, letter dated at, 145. Lazaroni Club, the, 217. Lincoln's Inn, 57. , letter dated at, 58. Monmouth House, 212. Old Palace Yard, letter dated at, 153. Parliament Street, 126. Pitfeld Street, Hoxton, letter dated at, 175. Portland Place, 146. Portland Street, 126. Queen Anne Gate, 133 Ranleigh, the, 220. Rolls, the, 80,' 83, 84, 208. , letters addressed to, 59, 80. , letters dated at, 175. , stocks in, 208. , trophy money collected in, 208. , proposed Record Office at, 95-96. Rolls Chapel, the, 83. Rolls House, the, 208, 209 (2). Rolls Liberty, the, 83. St. Andrew Holborn, parish of, 39. St. George's, Bloomsbury, 175, St. Giles, 175. St, James'. 216. workhouse, 150. St, Marylebone 175. Soho, 211 (2), 246. Soho House, 213. Soho Square, 215. , purchase of a house in, 215. Somerset House, 212. South Audley Street, letter dated at, 170. Stable Yard, the, letter dated at, 169. Strand, the, Chequer in, 20. , Exeter Exchange in 112. Stratford Place Club, 218.' Temple, the, 220. See also Inner Temple Lane. Thatched House, the, 217 (2). Upper Grosvenor Street, 128. Whitehall, see under Whitehall. Worcester House, 62. , letters dated at 61, 66 (2), 72. ndon, City of, 59. address from, 84. Clerk of the Peace of, 20. Freemen of, 206. INDEX. 299 London, City of — coiit. Guildhall, the, 20. , letter dated at, 85. London Wall, 219. Lord Mayor of, 20. Lombard Street, 216. Mark Lane, 153. Mincing Lane, 153. Records of, 206. St. Paul's, Dean and Chapter of, 2. St. Paul's Churchyard, 70. London, bishops of, see Bray brook, Robert ; Compton, Henry ; Robinson, John ; and Porteus, Beilby. London, port of 30. London, Tower of, 13, 20, 59. White Tower, the records kept in, 58. Long Island, 128. Longlcat, 20. Longman, and Broaderip, Messrs., 209. Longmaston, 102. Lord Chancellor, the, 59, 62, 63, 64, 72, 73, 116 passim, 206 pas- sim. case before, 87-94. petition to, 117. of retinue, 86. Lord Chief Baron, the 145, 206. Lord Chief Justice, the, 30, 87, 206. Lord Keeper, the, warrant to, 31. Lord Mayor, the, see London, City of.' Lord President, the, 87. Lord Treasurer, the, letter from, 23. order to, 22. Lords, House of, 132, 151. Lorraine, Claude, paintings by, 271. Loughborough, 230 (3). Loughborough Canal, the, 139. Low Countries, the, 23, 30, 31, sec also under Holland. Lowe Mr., 51, 52. Lower, Dr., 210. Lowther Sir John, 90. Sir William, 172. Lucas, William, letter to, 140. Luckyn, Sir Capel, 85. Lady, letter to 85. Sarah 85. Sir William, 113. — — , letter from, 85. Lumley, Lady, portrait of, 42. Lupus, Hugh 269. Luther, Mr., 219. Lutherans, search for, in Paris, 17. Luxemburg Palace, the, 244. Lyme Regis, 20. Lynde, Robert, 103. Lyon, John, 212. Lyttleton (Littleton), Lord, 257, 274, 275, 282. M M. G., 176. Machno, river, the, 266. Machynlleth (Maclonlenth, Mahynl- leth), 261 (3), 262 280. Mack worth, Mr., 256 (2), 279. Maidwell, 230. Mailland, Colonel, 152. Mainwaring, Mr., 175. Malkis — , 226. Malone, Edward, letter to, 133. Malton, 236 (2), 237. Manchester description of, 232. Mansfield, 233 (2), 234. Manfredi, painting by, 276. Mantes (Mantts), 19. Manwoo'd, Lady Mary, portrait of, 42. Roger, portrait of, 42. Marcainfeld, — , 18. Marchi (cook to Lord Verulam), 146. Margam (Margan) 255, 256, 279. j Margarita (West Indies?), 182. | Markes, an estate so called, 185. Market Harborough, 230 (2). Markyate Street (Market Street), 242. Marl, 266 (2). Marlborough : Sarah, Duchess of, 115 passim 117, 118. , letters from, 121 (2), 122 passim, 176-177 (2). Dowager Duchess of, 119. Duke of, 115 passim, 116, 166, 176 (2), 177 (2), 247. , letter from, 114. , reference to 247. Earl of, 214. Marlow toll-gate, 134. Marney, Sir Johan, 4. Marratti, Carlo, 238. Marsh, Thomas, 140. William, 103. Marston, Joseph 104. Mr., 149. Martin (Martine), Mr., 208. — — , letter to, 80. Martinique, 151. Mary I., 14, 258, the death of, 21. Mary II. wife of William III., statue of, 245. Mason, , 250. Sir John, 20 21. William, 185.' Matlock, 233. ' Matlock Wells, 233 (4). Mathews. Mr., 257. 300 im»:..\. Maynard — , 185. Mayo, Israel, 61 62. Mr., 63, 65. Meautys, Anne, letter from, 94. Mrs. 209. Melbourne, Viscount letter from, 182. Melton, letter dated at, 125. Menai (Menin) Straits, the, 265. Merchant v. Wigan, suit of, 57. Merchant Adventurers Company of, 22, 23, 24, 31. Merionethshire, 262. Mersham, Sir Robert, 100. Messengers and Arnowes, an estate so called, 185. Messing, 220. Messing Hall, letter addressed to, 86. letter dated at, 154. Methuen, Mr., 212. Meure, Mr., see Mure. Middlesex, Commissioners of Subsi- dies for, 208. Middleton : Charles, 114, 119 (2). family, the, seat of, 268. Lord, 230. Mr., 268, 269. Midsummer Norton (Somerset), 140. Downside and Wake, estates in, 140. manor of, survey of, 184. Milford Haven, 257 (2), 280. Militia the Hertfordshire, 68. Miller, — , 171. Milton Falconbridge, manor of, sur- vey of, 184. Minis, Thomas, 214. Minorca. 271. Minshall, G. R., letter from, 134 (2). Moel yr Addig, a mountain so called, * 267. Molyneux, Lord, seat of, 270. Mondragon, — , 22. Monck, General, see Albemarle, George, Duke of. Monmouth, 252 (2), 278 (2). Monmouth Duchess of, 242. Duke of. 242. Monmouthshire, 253 (3). Monroe, Mrs., 214. Moimyer, Jean Baptista, painting by, 243. Montague, Sir Henry, chief justice of the King's Bench, 28. Montgomery, 261, 280. description of, 262. Montgomery, Count de, kills Henri II. of France at the tilt, 22. Montgomeryshire 261, 262. Montreal (Kent),' 161. Montrose, Duke of, 128. Monument, agreement for erecting, 54. Moore, Mr., 105. Moore v. Slocombe, suit of, 57. Moor Park, 242. I Morat, Carlo, 249, 271. 276. Morrall, Miss, 267. Morrice, Roger, 83. i Morris, Mr., 251, 252 passim, 253 (2). Mrs., 252. Mostyn (Mostin). Lady, 266 (2). Sir Roger, 266. Mott, Mr., 218. William, petition of, 33. Mounford, — , 214. Mountmorres, Viscount letter from 132. Mount Pleasant (Exunia), letter died at, 134. Mount Sorell, 230. Mullyfeures, 185. Mure (Meure), Mr., 212 213 (2), 215 (2), 216. Muscovy (Muscovia), 108. Mydlemer, Mr., 15. Mynnyd Llwyd Hill, 253. N Nantwich, 272 (2), 282. Napoli, Diavolini di, 216. Narberth (Narbath, Narford), 259, 280. Nassau (New Providence, U.S.A.), letters dated at, 159, 160, 161. National Anthem, the, reference to, 177. National economy, efforts in the di- rection of, 175. Neath, 256 (3), 279. Neele, Edward, 104. Netherlands, see Low Countries. New Brentford, 146, see Brentford. Newcastle-on-Tyne, 259, 280, 282. Charles I.'s removal from, 83. Newcastle-under-Line, 273. Newnham", 104. Newnham, Lewis, 117. Newport, John Francis, 120. Newport (Montgomeryshire), 253, 254 (2), 279 (2). Newport, Pagnal, 146, 150, 229. letter dated at, 153. New River water, rate for, 209. Newspapers, see Books, etc., titles of. Newstead Abbey, description of, 233- 234 Newton, 91, 93, 259 (4), 261, 280. Newton Castle, 259. New York 127 (2), 129 (2), 130, 151 (3), 183. letters dated at, 127, 129. trade with, 130. INDEX. 301 Nicholas, Sir John, 89. Nicholl, Thomas, 104. Noades. Edward. 104. Nooth, Dr. J. Mervin, 219, 220 pas- sim. , letters from, 127-128, 129, 130, 157-158, 183. Norden, John, 184. Norfolk 125 (2), 126 (2), 127, 217. Norfolk^ Duke of, 251. scat of, near Wclbeck, described, 234. Normandy, 19, 21. ports in, 3. North, Sir Francis, 208. Northampton, 230. Northampton, Earl of, 89, 230. Northamptonshire, 83. Northwich, 271. Church, 272. description of, 272. Norwich, 124. the Swan Inn at, 127. Northaw, 103. Northchurch, 103, 104 (2), 105. North Mymms (Northmymes, Mym- mes) 102, 104, 105 (2). Norway (Norweighe), 108, 109 (2). Norwood, Mr., 103. Nostell Priory, 235. Nottingham, 230 passim. Castle, 230. Road, the, 233. Nottinghamshire manors in, 8. Ny colls, — 185. Oblivion, act of, 70, 71. Odsey Hundred, 120 (2). Okeover, 231. Okeover Mr., 231. Oldham, Mr., 219. Oldish Dr., 91-92. Opera tickets, price of, 217. Orange trees, cost of, 213. Orielton, 257. Orizonte, paintings by, 243. Ormistoun, 174. Ormo-nd, Duke of, 246. Orston (Notts.), manor of, 12. Osborn, John, 131 (2). letters from, 135 (2). Ostend, 228. Owen, Mr., 265. Sir William, 257 (3), 280. Oxelsterne, Oxel, 110. Oxford Bishop of. sec King, Robert. Oxford, 63, 158, 247, 277. Angel Inn, 244. Ashmoleian Museum, 246. Bodelian Library, 244. description of, 244-247. guide to, 247. High Street, 244 (2) 245 (2), 246. letters dated at, 59, 67 (2), 156. parliament held at, 70, 82. Physio Gardens, 247. Ratcliffe Library, 246. St. Mary's Church, 246. Theatre, the, 246. Oxford, Colleges in : All Souls 245 (2). Balliol, 244. Christ Church, 156, 245. , Dean of, 156. , Peck water, 245. Magdalene, 246. New, 246. Queen's, 244. University, 244, 245. Oxford University, 150, 247. Chancellor of, see Pembroke, Phillip Earl of. Oxhey, 242. Oxley, Francis, 60. Oxton, Phillip, 102. Thomas, 105. Oysters, price of, 280. P Pacchiarotti, — 218. Packe, Doctor Christopher, 117. Paddington 153. Page, — , 242. J., letter from, 1M. Mr., 153, 213 (2). Paget, Mr., 177. Pagett v. Gouldsmith, suit, 57. Paine, — , 57. Tom, 168. Paintings, engravings, etc. : Angel letting St. Peter out of prison, 242. Anson's, Lord, engagements 273. Ascension, the, 242, 245, 272. Baptism of Christ by St. John (Ricci), 242. Belshaazar's feast (Rembrandt), 272 Boy's head (Rembrandt), 242. Cato (Capucin de Geneva), 243. Christ's burial, resurrection and ascension (Hogarth), 250. Christ and Angels (Bassano) 276. Christ crucified (Rubins), 276, 302 END E X . Paintings., engravings, etc. — cdnt. Christ disputing with the doc- tors (Gaza), 249. Christ giving the keys to St. Peter (Vandyke), 271. Christ on the Mount (Bassano), 276. Christ taken from the Cross (Vandyke), 271. Constantino's arch. 243. Cupid and Venus (Corregio), 243. Danse and Shower (Titian), 243. Dead Christ and three Marys (Vandyke), 275. Dead game, 273. , (by Snyder), 243. Dutch pieces (Hemskirk), 276. Faith and Charity (Sienna), 243. Fall of Phaeton 236. Figures (Rubens), 243. Flaying of St. Bartholomew (Spagnoletti). Flowers (Baptist a), 243. Four Evangelists (Gindo), 249. Four Generations, the, 230. Four seasons, 236. Hector and Andromache, 272. Heradites and Drogenes (Rosa), 244. Historical piece, 272. Holy Family (Del Sarto), 276. , (old Palma), 276, , (Raphael), 232. , (Rubens), 243. , (Titian), 229. Hunting of Beast (Snyder), 242. Isaac's blessing, 244. Jacob's Flock (Spagnoletti), 271. John in the Wilderness (Morat) 276. Joseph's family (Bassano), 274. Landscapes bv : Morat, 249. Orizonte (?), 243. Sal vat or Rosa, 243. Zuccarelli, 275. Wootton, 249, 275. Landscape and Roman Augurs (Sal vat or Rosa), 272. Last Judgment, the, 243. Last Supper, the, 242. , (Bassano), 248. Lazarus, raising of, (Veronisse), 243. Lot and daughters, 243. Madonna and Saviour (Morat), 271. Magdalene dispising riches, (Farion ; Farinato ?), 243. Marriage of Neptune (Rubens), 274. Mary Magdalene, 273. Monkeys (Rembrandt), 271. "Naked pictures," three, 42. Noah's first sacrifice (Pastenelli), 243. Nursing of Jupiter (Salvator Rosa), 248. Paintings, engravings, etc. — cord. Painter, a, (Lely), 249. Paschal lamb (Bassano), 276. Philosopher, a (Rosa), 249. Peter and Paul (Manfredi), 276. Piper and Boy (Bassano), 249. Purification, the (Ricci), 242. Pysagoros (Spagnoletti), 243. Roman Augurs (S. Rosa), 272. Rome, England, Holland and Spain, emblematic picture by S. Rosa 248. St, Alban's Abbey (G. Arnald), 174, 175. Samaritan woman (Hendez- vorte), 271. Scripture piece, 272. Susannah and the Elders, 243. , (Guido), 249. Tarquin and Lucretia, 273. Temple of Delphos (C. Lorain), 271. Two sheep (Castiglione), 271. Turkish Woman (Guido), 276. TJujust Steward, the, (Rubens), 232. Venus and Cupid, 243, 273. Venus and Mercury teaching Cupid to read (Correggio), 242. Venus reconciling herself to Psyche (Titian), 274. Virgin Mary, the (Vandyke), 242. Wise men's offerings (Abert Durer), 276. Palladio, Andrea, 236. Palma, old paintings by, 276. Palmer, Mr., 267. Mrs., 267 (2). Panton v. Hardan, suit of, 57. Papists, 267, 268. tax on 120. Paris, 13, 14, 15, 19, 21, 213. Bastille, the, 13-22. , keeper of, 14-16. , Sir Edward Grimston's es- cape from, 13-22. Fryperge, the, 17. Lutherans in, search for, 17. Pont de Molyne, 18. Porte St. Germain, 16. Rue Shocvalle, 17. University of, 18. Parkbury, manor of, 160. Parker, Admiral, 127. Doctor, 150. Major-General 102. Mr., 154, 214. Nicholas, 59. Richard, 216. Parkins, Sir William, 100. Park Ward, 102, 103 passim, 105 passim. Parliament, reference to proceedings in 35, 68 81 148 150, 161, 207, 243. Cromwell's, 83. petitions from, 25, 26, 28. INDEX. 303 Parrott v. Austin, suit of, 57 Partridge, — a preacher, 101. Passill, Mr., 214. Pastinelli, painting by, 243. Payne, James, letter to, 134. William, 49. Payton, Mr., 62. Peak, the, 232. Pearcefield, sea Piercefield. Pebmarsh, 156. Pecke, Mr., 103. Pellett, Stephen, letters from, 148 (2), 149 (2). Pemberton John, 105. Mr., 256. Robert, 104. Pebmroke, 257 (2), 280. Pembroke, Earls of : Walter 251 (2). William, 251. Phillip, 246. Pembroke, Joshua, 117, 120. , letter from, 116. Mr., 176, 177. Thomas, 117. Pembrokeshire, 257. Penclawdd (Penclaud), 256, 279. Pendley, letter dated at, 142. "Penelope," Lady, portrait of, 42. Pengelly, Sir Thomas, 116. Pengwern (Pingwern), 267 (2). Pennant, Mr., 272. Pensacola, 129. Perrior, Mr., 104. Petit, Dr., 149. Petty Bag Office, the, 83. Phene, Nicholas 219. Philadelphia, 151 (2). Philips, Charles, paintings by, 276. Phillip IV., King of Spain, 28. Phillips, Sir R., 258. Pianoforte, cost of, 209. Picton Castle, 258. Picts and Scots, reference to, 275. Pictures, see under Paintings and Portraits. Piddington, 171. Piercefield (Pearcefield), 252, 260. Pierrepont, Mr. 175. Pirn, Mr., 212. Pinder, Sir Paul, 208. Pinner, letter dated at, 173. Piracy, measures to suppress, in 1449, 3. Pirton (Pryton), Mr., portrait of, 42. William. 4. Pistyloe, 263. Pitfield Street, Hoxton, 174 Pitt, William, 123, 133, 135 151 153, 166. letter to 135. Pitts, Mary, 170. Plague, the, references to, 59-60, 67. Plague Water, purchase of, 214.' Plaisnewid, 265 (2). Play, at a Welsh town, description of, 259. Plumer William, 136 137, 141. Plymouth, 257. Plynlymnion, 261. Pod, John, 2. Poland, 107 (2). Charles, duke of, 106-108, 111. Sigismund, king of, 106, 107. letter to, 106. Polhill, Mr., 170. Polish Castles, 106. Polygraphic Company, the, 150. Pomerania, Sigismund, duke of, 106. Pomfret, Countess of, 247. Pont Newidd, 262. Pont Newis, 263. Pontypool, 253 (2), 279 (3). Pontypridd (Pont-y-pre), 279. Pontemarye, the lady, 18. Pool Hole (Buxton), 232. Poor, relief of, 31-35, 157, 159 162- 163. Pope, Alexander, verses by, 249. Pope-Blount Sir Thomas, bart., 99 (2), 100, 101. Porteus, Beilby (Bishop of London), letter from. 153. Portington, W., letter from, 106. Portland, Dowager-duchess of 242. Duke of, 234. Earl of, 268. family, 242. Portraits : Bacon, Lord-keeper, 208. Bath, Lord, 275. Bedford, Duchess of, presenting Lady Caroline Russell to Minerva, 230. Brooke, Robert, Lord, 276. Carlisle Lord and Lady (Van- dyke), 274. Charles I. (old Stone), 274. Charles II., 276. Crew, Mr. (Reynolds), 272. , Miss, see Hinchcliffe, Mrs. Darcy (Darcie), the first Lord 42. , Mistriss Susan, 64. Derby Countess of, 272. , Earl of, 272. Elizabeth, Queen (Johnson), 276. Erasmus (Holbein), 248. Essex, Earl of (C. Johnson), 276. France, King of 249. Greville, Lord, '276. Guido, by himself, 249. Hardwick, Lord (Ramsey), 275. , Lord and Lady, 273. Hinchcliffe, Dr. (Reynolds), 272. , Mrs., and Miss Crew (Rey- nolds), 272. James I. (Johnson), 276. Kitso'ii, Sir Thomas, 42. his son, 42. Lady, 42. Lumley, Lady, 42. 804 [NDEX. Portraits — emit. Lyttleton, Lady (Williams), 275. , Lord (Reynolds), 275. Macclesfield, Lord, 273. Man wood, Mr. Roger, 42. , Lady Mary, 42. Pembroke, Earl of (Vandyke) 276. . Philip Earl of (Rubens), 248. "Penelope," Lady, 42. Pirton, or Pyrton, Mr., and his son, 42. Pope, Alexander (Richardson), 275 . Portraits, unnamed (Lely) 272. , (Vandyke), 276. Portsmouth, Duchess of (Le Fevere), 275. Raynsford, Sir John, 42. Rembrandt (by himself), 242. Rembrandt's daughter (Rem- brandt), 276. Rubens, head of, 243. Russell, Lady Caroline, 230. Sidney, Sir Philip, 276. Stuart (Steward) family, the, (Vandyke). 274. Titian, by himself, 229. Tompson, — ■ (Ackman), 275. Vandyke, "head" of, 243. Vere family, 42. Waldegrave (Woldegrave), Sir William, 42. Wales, Prince of (Richardson), 276. ■ . Princess-Dowager of (Phillips), 276. Warwick, Lord Gainsborough), 276. Potter, John, letter from, 81. Portsmouth, 145, 148, 257. Portugal, 212. Powell v. Guibon, suit of, 57. Powel, Mr., 274. Powlette, Amysse, 20. Powys, Lady 12. Lord, 261. Powvs Castle, description of, 261- 262. Povner George, 104. Praed, 'William, 146. letters from, 147, 153. Preeme, Jeremy, 35. Prendergast, Mr., 266. Prier Florentin, 148 (2), 149. Prescot, 270 (2), 271, 282. Prestley, William, 120. Preston, battle of, 83. Preston, William, 104. Price, Joshua, glass-painter,* 242, 254. Mr., 262. Sir Robert, 268. William, glass-painter, 242. Princes Risborough, 244. Privy Couneil, tho ; order of, 30« Probie Mr., 104. Providence (U.S.A.) 134, 151. Prussia, 23. Prymate, Mr., 103. Prynne, William, 206. appointed keeper of records, 59. letter from, 58. Purbeck Stone, 79. Purkis, Mr. letter to, 174. Putnam. 104 (2). Pym. Wollaston, 170. Pyott, Mr., 104. Q Quebec, letter dated at, 157. Quickswood, letter dated at, 124. R R. (K ?), — , Sir G., 213. Raby, Alexander, letter from 145. Radcliffe, 278 . St. Mary's Church at, 250. Radcliffe Dr., 245, 246. Raglan Castle, 252, 279. Ramsey, — , portrait by, 275 (2). Ralphs, Robert, 143. , letters to, 143 (2), 144. Ransom, John, 140 Raphael, paintings by, 232, 242, 244, 249. Rawson v. Farrington, suit of, 57. Raynsford, Sir John, portrait of, 42. Read, Sir John, 104. Records, Public, in the Tower of London, chaotic condition of, 58. at the Rolls, 95-96. William Prynne, appointed keeper of, 59. Redbourn (Redbourne Redborne), 103 (2), 104 (2), 105, 219. Redhcath 103. Reeve, William, 104. Rembrandt, paintings by, 242 (2), 271, 272, 276. Reni, Guido, paintings by, 238, 249 (2), 276. Rex v. Hampden, case of, 208. Reyner, Elizabeth, 44 (2), 45. Reynolds, Captain, member for Col- chester, 81-82. Sir Joshua, paintings by, 272 (3), 275 1 INDEX. 305 Rhaidr, 262. brook, the 262. Pistyl, 262. Rhaiadry Pandy Penmachno, 266. Rhajdry Wanol, 2(56. Rheims (Raymes), coronation of Francis II. at, 15. Rhuddlan (Ridlan), 267. Castle, 267 (2). Marsh, 267. Rhulaco, 262. Ribbinn Severin, 110. Ricci, Sebastian, 242. Rice, advantages of the use of, 163. Rice, Mr., 259 (3). Richard II., records of reign of, 58. Richard III., 261. Richard, Thomas 102. Richards, Mr., 274. Richardson — , paintings by, 248, 275, 276. Richmond, Edmund, Earl of 258, 261. Rickmansworth (Rickmersworth), 103 passim, 104, 120, 146, 242. Ridge. 103, 105 (2). Rievaulx Abbey, 238. Riley, Mr., 58. Ripon, 238 passim, 239 (2). Rivala, castle of, see Rievaulx Ab- bey. Rivers, Mary, Dowager_Countess of, inventory of goods of 35-51. Robb, Mr., 212. Roberts v. Cole suit of, 57. Robertson, Dr. Arthur, 181 (4), 182 (2). Robert, 17. Robeston (Robbertson), 257 258 (2). Robin Hood, 234. Robinson, John, 103. John, bishop of London, 117. Molineux 117. Robotham, Mr., 208, Robert, 104. Rochester bishop of, 87-94. Rochester,' Lord, 249. Rockingham, Marquis of, 240. Roe, Cleyney, 184. Roehampton, letter dated from, 30. Roger, — , 212. Rolls, the, see under London. Rolls, Master of, see Grimston, Sir Harbottle. Roman Catholics see Papists. Roman Camp, reference to, 275. Empire, reference to, 248. invasions, the, 254. Rooke, Admiral, Sir George, 214 (2). Rookewood, 128. Roos, Thomas, lord, forfeiture of, 12-13. Rosa Salvator, paintings by, 243, ' 244, 248 (2), 249, 272. Rose, John, letter from, 152-153. Rose, alias ■ Jacket t, John, 140. Roses, an estate so called, 185. Rossington, Mr., 215. Rothamsted. letter dated at, 63. Rouen (Roen), 6. Rowlatt, Sir Ralph, 185. Dorothy, wife of, 185. Royalist cries, at St. Alban's elect ion', 118, 119. Royston, 143. Roundheads, reference to, 118, 119. Rubens, Peter Paul, paintings by 232, 243 (2), 246 274, 276. Rudd, John, 117. Rudston, James, 104. "Rumps," reference to, 118. Ruse, Thomas, letter from, 84. Rushworth, John, letter from, de- tailing his scheme for his Historical Collections, 82-83. Russell, Mr., 214. William, 87. Russia, 108. Sigismund, Emperor of 106. Trade with, 274. Ruth, Richard, 102. William, 117. Ruthin, 268 (3). Ryder, Captain, 79. s Sackville, Lord, 152. Sadler (Sadleir), Captain, 69. Robert, 105. St. Albans, 60, 66, 69, 100 passim, 103 (2), 10'5 passim, 117, 119, 120 (2), 135 (2), 139, 146 (3), 147 (2), 148 (2), 150, 152, 153, 154, 163, 168, 169 (2), 175, 176, 177 (2), 178 (2), 180, 212, 217 (2), 218 (2), 219, 220, 283. Angel Inn at, 168. Assembly, 219. Bell Inn at, 163. Blue Pump at, 220. burgesses of, 13, 22. charities of, 116-117. charity schools in, 132, 220. charter dated at, 1. charter of incorporation, 86, 87, 98. Childwick, 183. Club, 216. Commissioners for Royal aid in, 71. Corporation of, 117. , letter from, 122. — , petition of, 97-98. Duke of Marlborough's Head at, 121. T 30f> INDEX. St. Albans — cont. election of members of Parlia- ment for, 13, 22, 99 passim, 114*, 115 (2), 117-119, 121-122 passim, 169 (2), 180 (4). , description of, 100-101. , expenses of, 213. freemen of, 114. free school of, 97. Holy Well, 151. hounds, 144, 160, 220, 221. hunt, 160. Kingsbury, 183. letters addressed to, 180 (2). letters dated at, 116, 122, 131, 135, 139 (2), 149, 15*2, 154, 163 (2), 168. Marlborough House, letter dated at, 122. Market House at, 145. mayor of, 13, 22, 118, 175. New Barnes, 144. New House, 144. parliamentary party at, 101- 102. Paul's Head Tavern at, 163. quilettes about, 185. Red Lion Inn at, 145, 163. St. Michael's, 103 passim,, 104, 218. Church, musical instru- ments for, 218. Bridge at, 94. fair, proceedings at, 148. St. Peter's, repair of church, 175. St. Stephen's, 104, 105. , letter dated at, 157. Salliputtes, 183. sessions, charge at, 196-198. soldiers quartered at, 126. Sopwell Mill, 151. Sunday schools in, 132. Town Hall, 132, 146, 151, 154. Verulam House, 52 passim, 53 passim, 185 (3). Volunteers, 177. , presentation of colours to, 176-178. voters' dinner, 218. Watling Street (Watelingstrate), 183. Westwick Manor, 183, 185. Windmill Hill, 185. wine licenses for, 97, 98. St. Albans Abbey, abbot of, 99. bells of, 216. charter of Henry I., reference to, 1. charter to, granted by Henry II., 1. print of, reference to, 174, 175. repair of. 208. St, Asaph, 247 281. St. Barbara, 19. St, David's, 258. bishops of, 258, 259. St. David's— cont. Cathedral, Bishop Vaughan'a Chapel in, 258. , relics in, 258. , St, Mary's Chapel in, 258. , tombs in, 258. Palace and Cathedral, descrip- tion of, 258. see of, 259. shrine, 258. St, Denis, 14, 17. St. Donats (Danoets) Castle, 255, 279. . St. Germans port (Paris), 16. St. Jermyns, 19. St. John, Oliver, Lord, 97 passim. petition of, 96. St. Patrick, reference to, 258. St. Vincent, island of, 181. Charaib land in, 181. St, Wilfred's Well, legend of, 267. Salisbury, 28. Salisbury. Earl of, 126 (2), 131, 132. , letter from, 124. Marchioness of, letters from, 144, 161-162. , letter to, 144. Marquis of, 152. , letter from, 153. Salter. Richard, 104. Samuel, Peter, 208, 209. Sandal Castle, 235. Sandgate, French camp at, 14. Sandridge (Saundridge, Sanderidge), 102, 103 (2), 104, 105 (2), 177. Sandy Hook, 151. Sarratt, 103. Saunders, Lady, 105. Thomas, 104. Savage, — , servant to Lord Grey, 15. Savannah, 127, 128. Saxons reference to, 261, 275. Scarsdale, Lord, 231. Scarborough, description of, 237. Scarborough Castle, 237. Sea wen, Mr., 230. Scint river, the, 265. Scollfield, Godfrey, 102. Scotland, 172, 179. Cromwell's invasion of, refer- ence to, 83. Scots, the, 18. Scottish Army, the, 35. Scriven, Mr., 104. Seabrook, Edward, letter from, 122. Seaford, bathing at, 218 (2). Searanke, F. C, letters to, 130, 131. Sebright, Sir John, letter to, 131. Seditions Bill, the, 163. Seint Jaques. 3. Selliock, John, 99, 100. Seneca, 110. Sepyer, Monsieur, 14, 21. servant of, 14. Seton (Yorks.), manor of, 12. Severn (Seven) river, the, 250, 251, 252, 253 (2), 254 (2), 255 (2), 256, 261 (2), 262. INDEX. 307 Seymour (Seamour), Edward, 86, 100. Shaftesbury, Earl of, 80. Shampaynaud, a servant, 14. Sharp, Doctor, 87, 91 passim. Sharpies, Isaac, 140. Shaw, Sir John, 80, 84. Sheffield, 239, 240 (3), 241. industries of, 240. Shelbourne, Lord, 243 (2). Sheldon, Archbishop, 246. Shenley (Shendley), 105 passim. Shenstone, — , 274 (2), 275. Shephall, 104. Shepton Mallet, manor of, survey of, 184. Sherborne, Clifton estate in, 140. cloth industry at, 149-150. letter dated at, 149. Sherman, Mr., 220. Sherrard, Mr.. 212. Sherrington, — . 85. Sherwood Forest, 234. Ships, names of : Adventure, the, 158. Janus, the, 183. Juno, the, 148. Palme, the, 148 (2). Shropshire, 178. manors in, 8. Shughborough (Shucborough, 273, 282. Sibley, John, 22. Siena, painting by, 243. Sigismund, King of Poland, letter to, 106. Sinclair, Sir John letters from 150, 155-156. Skara (Sera), Bishop of, 111. Slave Trade, abolition of, 140. Sleape, 104 (2), 105 passim. Smallford, 104 (2), 105 passim. Smallbridge, 42. Smith (Smyth), — , 213. Chas., 22. Edmund, 104. John, 105 (2). Mr., 62, 144, 211, 213, 235. Mistriss, 84 passim. Richard (newsmonger), 216, 217. Sir Thomas, 80. Smith v. Badger, suit of, 57. Smuggling, 129. Snowdon, 262, 265, 281. ascent of, 264. price of land on, 264. Snyder, paintings by, 242, 243. Soames, Mr., 212. Soldiers, complaints against, 126. Solicitor-General, the, (Sir Heueage Finch), 74, 75. Somerset, Duke of, Edmund Beau- fort, 3, 10. Somersetshire manors, survey of, 184. Sopwell, 216. marble steps at, 79. materials from, 78, I Sopwell — cont. mill, 151. stone from, taken for Gorham- bury Chapel, 77-80. stone from, 210. Southall, 153. Southampton, Earl of, 133. South Down sheep, value of, 158, 219. South Petherton (Somerset), letter dated at, 140. Spagnoletto (Spagnol), paintings by, 243, 271 (2). Spain, 5, 15, 128, 129 (2), 225, 229. King of, 28, 225, 229. Spain and France, fleets of, 128. peace between, 15. Spaniards, 129 (2), 225, 226. Spanish main, the, 182. Spanish Match, the, 28. Sparling, John. 117. Sparrowe, Mr., 165. Spencer, Earl, 131, 145. John (grandson of Sarah, duchess of Marlborough), 121. Mr., 213. Sponley (Salop), manor of, 12. Spooner, Mr., 164. Squcrryes, near Westerham (Kent), letter addressed to, 177. Stack, the, 257. Stafford, Earl of, seat of, 275. Stafford, John, archbishop of Canter- bury, 2. Staffordshire, 273 (2). Staffordshire ware, cost of, 219. Staham, Charles, 117. Stalbridge (Dorset), 186. Stamp, Sir Thomas, 211, 213. Standford, 120. Stanford Park, 230. Stanhope, Lord, 170. Stamveye (parish of), Croucherchcs- tret in, 2. Maldon Lane in, 2. rector of, 2. Star Chamber, note of case in, 206- 207. Stanton, Thos., 54. Steele, Thomas, letter from, 139. Sterky, Oliver, M.P. for St. Albans, 13. Steukly, Mr., 213. Stiles, Benjamin Heskins, 242 (2). Stockdale, — . 218. Stockholm, 109, 110, 112. Castle of, 107. Stoke Hambledon, manor of, sur- vey of, 184. Stone, 273 (2), 282. Stone," Henry (" old Stone "), paint- ings by, 247, 275. Stonehenge, reference to, 253. Stony Stratford. 241 (2), 277. Story, John, letters addressed to, 180, 181. Stour, river the, 230. Stowe, description of, 224 (2), 227. 308 INDEX. Stow, Richard, 102. Stowors, James. 50. Strafford, Earl of, 230, 239 (2). execution of, 83. trial of, 35. Stratton-on-the-Foss, manor of, survey of, 184. Strong, Edward, 117. Strowde, Mr., 30. Stubbins, Mr., 104. Studharj, 104. Studley Park, description of, 238. Studley Royal, 238. Suasse, Mens, de, 14. Suffolk, 35. troop sent into, 70. Suffolk, Marquis of. 2. Sugar Loaf mountain, 252. Sumpter. John, 2. Sunday schools, reference to, 132, 220. Sun Fire Office, the 217 (2). Sussex, 8. Swansea, 256 (2). Sweden (Suethland), 106, 107, 109 (2), 111. Gustavus Adolphus, coronation of, 105-112. kings of, 108. queen of, 111, 112. Sigismund, Emperor of, 106, 107, 110, 111, 112 (2). University in, 108. war with, 108. Swedes (Suedons), the, 109. Sympson, Mr., 66, 72. Sarah, 105. Taaf, the, 255. Tadcaster, 235 (2). Talbot, Mr., 255, 279. Mrs., 273 (2). Tally Office, the, 209. Tanfield, Sir Lawrence, chief baron of the exchequer, 28. Tan-y-Bwlch (Bwtch), 263, 264 (3), 281. Tarwarin, the, 262. Tattersall's, reference to, 218. Taverner Richard, 104. Taylor, Captain, 133. Mr., 240, 274. Temple, Lord, 244. Tenby, 257 (2), 279. Tendring, Mary, 47, 51. Test Act, the, 142. Tetburv, 247, 248 (3), 278 (2). Tetrell (?), Mr.. 210. Thames, the, 145, 146. Thame* Ditton, 149. Thanet (Tennett), Earl of, death of, 85. Lady, portrait of, 214. Lord, 212. portrait of, 214. See Tufton. Theobald Street, residents in, 102, 103, 105 passim. Tliirsk, 238 (2). Thomas, Sir Edmund, 255 (3), 279. John, 220. Thoresby, 234. Thornhiil, Sir Janus, 245 (2). Threshing machines, account of, 178- 180. Thynant Cum, 263. Thynne, Sir John, house of (Long- leat), 20. Throckmorton, Sir Nicholas, 15. Tilney, Francis, letter from, 35. Tilting, reference to, 111. Timberlake, — , 219._ Timmes, Samuel, 177. Tintern (Tinton) Abbey, 251-252, 278. Titchbourne, Sir Benjamin, 110. Titian, paintings by, 229, 238, 243, 274. Tittenhanger, 105 passim. Tivy, the, see Towy. Toke, John Horn, 170. Toller Richard, letter from. 140. Tomkins, Mr., 220. Tompson, Robert, prior of Holy Cross, Colchester, 13. Towcester, 241 (5), 277 (2), 283. Townshencl, Heywood, 205. Towy (Twy, Tivy), the, 256, 259, 260 (2), 262. Treasurer, the Lord, 22, 87. Treasury, the, 139, 141. Commissioners of the, letter from, 74. Treasury Chambers, letter dated at, 139. Treboyrsse, 19. Trent, the, 230 (2), 240 (2). Trentham, 273, 282. Tressel, Mr., 78, Trevallion, Mrs., 258. Trinidad, 181 (2). letter dated at, 182. Tring; (Tringe), 104 passim, 105. Tudor, Owen, 258. Tudway, Mr. J 51. Tufton, Lady Anne, second wile of, Sir Samuel Grimston, 85. Richard, fifth Earl of Thanet, death of, 85. See Thanet, Turkey carpets, 153. Turks, the, 107. Emperor of, letter from, 10b. Turner. Sir Edward, 105. John, 94. Mr., 130. Turpin, Michael, 117. INDEX. 309 Turtle soup, cost of, 219. Twickenham, 67. Twy, the, see Towy. Tygal, the, 2(33. Tyringham (Newport Pagnall), 146. letter dated at, 147. u Umbrella, price of, 218. Upholsterers, Company of, 112-113. Vppvnton (Lincoln), manor of, 12. Upsala (Upsalia), 108. King crowned at, 110. University of, 105. Usk, 2,53 (3), 279 (2). Usk, the, 253. Ussner, Archbishop, 211. T T sury, measures against, 2. Uxbridge, 146. V Valatia, Duko of, 106. Valencines, Mr., 214. Valentine, Mr., 30. Valeys, 3 (2). Vanbrugh, Sir John, 247. Vandyke, paintings by, 242, 248 (2), 271 (2), 274(2), 275 (2), 276(2). Vanholst, Duke of. 111. Van Saxe. Duke of, 112. Varney, Edward, letter from, 182. Vastena, Bishop of. 111. Vaughan, Bishop of St. David's, 258. Mr., 259. Vaynor, 261. Veal, Samuel, 136 passim. Vere family, portraits of, 42. Vergil, Polydore, reference to, 56. Veronese, Paul, painting by. 243. Verula.ni, Baron, 156, 160, 177. agreement with his cook, 146. letters from, 144. 146, 147, 156, 157, 160, 175, 176, 180, 181. letters to 144, 145, 146, 147, 148, 149, 150, 151, 152, 153, 175, 178, 180. Countess of, letter to, 183. Earl of, letters to, 182 (2). see under Grimston. Verulam House, 52 passim, 53 pas- sim, 185 (3). Villiers, Mr., 178. Virginia, 129. Vision, one described. 35. Volhinia, Sigismund, duke of, 106. w Waddington, Mr. 163, 168, 169, 170. Wake, Mr., 104. Wakefield (Yorks.), 235 (4), 239 (2). Wakefield Lodge (near Towcester), 241. Waldegrave (Woldegrave), Sir Wil- liam, portrait of, 42. Walden Market, see King's Walden. Wales, 71, 253, 267. constitution of 267. industries of, refernce to, 265. maintenance of schools in, 83. mountains of, 261, 269. North, 250, 265. ports in, 3. South, 250. tour in (1769), 242-277. . expenses of, 277-283. Wales, Prince of, 184, 264. Walford, a bookseller, 219. Walsham (Walsingham ?), Thomas, 56. Walter, Edward, 186. letter to. 123-124. Miss, 123 passim . Mrs., 130. 157, 172, 183, War, the (1798), voluntary contribu- tions towards, 174[ 176. War, Secretary for, 137, 138 passim, 141. Warde (Ward), Mr., 153, 161, 171, 170. Hon. Mrs. S. A., letters from, 153-154, 160-161, 171. , letters to, 177-178. Ware, 133 (2), 136J37, 138, 139 (2). armed troops at, 137-138. Bell Inn at, 136. Excise officers of, 136. marshal of, 61. riots at, 135-137, 139, 140-141. Warin, son of Gervis, witnesses char- ter as king's chamberlain, 1. Warner. Major Edward, petition of, 181-182. War Office, the, 136, 137. Warren, Dr., 220. Warrington, 270 (2). 272 (3), 282. Warsaw (Versauia), 106. Warsop, see Worksop. Wartre Priory (Yorks.), 12. Warwick, castle and town described, 275-277, 283. Warwick, Earls of, 275, 276. Guy, Earl of, 275. Warwickshire, 273. 310 INDEX. Watch, cost and description of. 123- 124. Waterman, — , 57. Watford, 103, passim-, 104 (2), 105, 146 passim. 147 (2), 148, 154, 242. letter dated at. 180. Essex Arms at, 146. the Grove, letter dated at, 146. Watson, — , 19. Richard, Bishop of Llandaff, 174. Watts, George, 119. H., 171, 172. Sir John, 69. Waxholm (Vauxholms), castle of, 109. Wayte, — , 57. Weaver, the, 272. Wedgwood ware, bill for, 216, 217, 218. Welbeck, description of, 234. Wells, Thomas, 104. Welsh ale, 213. Welsh language, church service in the, 260. Welshpool (Pool), 261 (4), 262 (2), 280, 283. Welwyn, 219. Wembley Green, 153. Wendover, 150. Wendve (Wendie), Mr., 185. Thomas, M.P. for St, Albans, 13. Went worth, Lord, 14. Sir Peter, 235. Wentworth Castle, description of, 239-240. Wenvoe (Wenvow, Wenfoe), 255, 279. Wenvoe Castle, 255. West, Mr., 130. West Harpetre, manor of, survey of, 184. West Indies, the, 127, 151 (3), 152 passim, 250. Westminster, 4, 60, 141. Commissioners for, 208. documents dated at, 2, 8. Westminster Insurance Office, the, 217. Weston, Richard, letter from, 30. West Wycombe, 243, 277 (2). mausoleum near, 243. West Wycombe House, 243. Wethered, John, 100. Wheat, price of, 162. Wheathamsted, 102 (2), 104 passim. Wheeler, Joshua, 140. Rudd, 140. Whitbread, Mr., 220. Whitehall, 64. Council Chamber at, 87. letters dated at, 23, 31, 182. Treasury Chamber at, 74. warrants dated or signed at, 59, 87. White's ball, subscription to, 220. Whitewronge, sec Wittewronge. Widcombe, manor of, survey of, 184. Wilberforce, Mr., 169. William, 140. Wilbye, Mr., 49. William I., grant by, 269. William III., grant by, 268. Williams — , painting by, 275. John (Bishop of Lincoln), peti- tion of, 28-29. Walter, letter from, 173. Williams, the harper, 219. Willis, Browne, 250. Willmot, James, 100. Wilson, — , 275. Wilsterne, 104 passim. Wiltshire, cloth trade in, 24. Winchester (Winton), 152. Bishop of, 30, 246. Windham, W., letter from, 125. letter to, 125-126. Windridge Ward, 103, 105. Windsor (Wyndesore), 59, 60. Castle, 230. documents dated at, 2. Lodge, 115. Park, 276. Windsor, Lord, 254. Wiggington, 103. 105. Wingfield (Wyngfield), Augustine, 103. Sir Thomas, 12. Wilmington, 272. Winterton, Lord, 154. Winstay, 269. Wist on, 258. W,itteronge (Whitewronge), Jacob, 117. Sir John, 61-66, 70, 71, 72, 103. , arrest of, 70. , letter from, 63. , son of, 71. Woburn (Wooburne) Abbey described, 229. Wodehouse, John, 4. Wogan, Mr., 258, 259. Woldegrave, see Waldegrave. Wollaton Hall, 230. Wolley, Robert, 22, 105. Wolseley Bridge, 282. Wood, James, 130. Robert, 181 (3). Woodford, Sir Ralph, 181 (2), 182. Woods, — , 221. Woodstock, 247, 278. Wool trade, the, 23-25. Woolley Park, 235. Woolwich Marsh, 185. Wootton, paintings by, 248, 249, 275. Worall, — , 136. Worcester, battle of, 83. Worcester, John, Earl of, 12. Marquis of (Lord), 172. Worksop (Warsop, Workslop), 12, 234 (2). Wormleybury, letter dated at, 147. Worsley, 232. Worsley Bridge, 232. Wragbv (Lincolnshire), manor of, 12. Wreck, issues from, 51. Wren, Sir Christopher, 245 (2). 246. Wrexham, 269, 282. description of, 268. i Wright, Mr., 208, 235. INDEX. 311 Wycombe, 243 (2). derivation of name, 243. Wvcombe Abbey, 243. Wye, the, 250, 251, 252 (2), 260, 261. Wyght, Robert, 2. Wykeham, William of crosier of, 246. Wyndham see Windham. Wyngfield, sec Wingfield. Wynne, Mr., 265, 267. Sir Robert, 267. Sir Rowland, 225. Sir Watkins William, 268, 269. York, Frederick, Duke of, 151. , Aide-de-Camp of, 177. James, Duke of, 274. , petition to, 97. York, Mr., 268, 269 (3). York, house of, 251. Yorkshire, 144, 129, 239. manors in, 8. Younge (Yonge), Sir George, 136, 13', 141 passim. Yvory (Ivry), 4. z Y Yauvrav, bastille of, 3. York, 62, 161. cathedral, 235. description of, 235-236. London Street, 236. Roman remains at, 235. Zamiie, the, 111. Zeland, 6-7. English imports into, 6. Zellanders, 7. Zuccarelli, painting by, 275. i HISTORICAL MANUSCRIPTS COMMISSION. Public Record Office, Chancery Lane, London, W.C. His Majesty the King has been pleased to ratify and confirm the terms of the Commission issued by Her late Majesty, appointing certain Commissioners to ascertain what unpublished MSS. are extant in the collections of private persons and in institutions which are calculated to throw light upon subjects connected with the Civil, Ecclesiastical, Literary, or Scientific History of this country ; and to appoint certain additional Commissioners for the same purposes. The present Commissioners are : — Sir R. Hen n Collins, Master of the Rolls ; the Marquess of Ripon, K.G., the Earl of Liverpool, the Earl of Dartmouth, the Earl of Crawford, K.T., the Earl of Rosebery, K.G., Lord Fitzmaurice, Lord Alverstone, G.C.M.G., Lord Lindley, Lord Stanmore, G.C.M.G., Sir Edward Fry, Mr. John Morley, O.M., M.P., Sir H. C. Maxwell-Lyte, K.C.B., and Mr. C. H. Firth, M.A., LL.D. The Commissioners think it probable that you may feel an interest in this object, and be willing to assist in the attainment of it ; and with that view they desire to lay before you an outline of the course which they usually follow. If any nobleman or gentleman express his willingness to submit to the Commissioners any unprinted book, or collection of documents in his possession or custody, they will cause an inspection to be made by some competent person, and should the MSS. appear to come within the scope of their enquiry, the owner will be asked to consent to the publication of copies or abstracts of them in the reports of the Commission, which are presented to Parliament every Session. To avoid any possible apprehension that the examination of papers by the Commissioners may extend to title-deeds or other documents of present legal value, positive instructions are given to every person who inspects MSS. on their behalf that nothing relating to the titles of existing owners is to be divulged, and ii that if in the course of his work any modern title-deeds or papers of a private character chance to come before him, they are to be instantly put aside, and not to be examined or calendared under any pretence whatever. The object of the Commission is the discovery of unpublished historical and literary materials, and in all their proceedings the Commissioners will direct their attention to that object exclusively. In practice it has been found more satisfactory, when the collection of manuscripts is a large one, for the inspector to make a selection therefrom at the place of deposit and to obtain the owner's consent to remove the selected papers to the Public Record Office in London or in Dublin, or to the General Register House in Edinburgh, where they can be more fully dealt with, and where they will be preserved with the same care as if they formed part of the muniments of the realm, during the term of their examination. Among the numerous owners of MSS. who have allowed their papers of historical interest to be temporarily removed from their muniment rooms and lent to the Commissioners to facilitate the preparation of a report may be named : — His Majesty the King, the Duke of Rutland, the Duke of Portland, the Marquess of Salisbury, the Marquess Towns- hend, the Marquess of Ailesbury, the Marquess of Bath, the Earl of Dartmouth, the Earl of Carlisle, the Earl of Egmont, the Earl of Lindsey, the Earl of Ancaster, the Earl of Lonsdale, Lord Braye, Lord Hothfield, Lord Kenyon, Mr. Stopford Sackville, the Right Hon. F. J. Savile Foljambe, Sir George Wombwell, Mr. le Fleming, of Rydal, Mr. Leyborne Popham, of Littlecote, and Mr. Fortescue, of Dropmore. The costs of inspections, reports, and calendars, and the conveyance of documents, will be defrayed at the public expense, without any charge to the owners. The Commissioners will also, if so requested, give their advice as to the best means of repairing and preserving any interesting papers or MSS. which may be in a state of decay. The Commissioners will feel much obliged if you will communicate to them the names of any gentlemen who may be able and willing to assist in obtaining the objects for which this Commission has been issued. R. A. ROBERTS, Secretary. 111. HISTORICAL MANUSCRIPTS COMMISSION. REPORTS OF THE ROYAL COMMISSIONERS APPOINTED TO INQUIRE WHAT PAPERS AND MANUSCRIPTS BELONGING TO PRIVATE FAMILIES AND INSTITUTIONS ARE EXTANT WHICH WOULD BE OF UTILITY IN THE ILLUSTRATION OF HISTORY, CONSTITUTIONAL LAW, SCIENCE, AND GENENAL LITERATURE. Date. Size. Sessional Paper. Price. 1870 (Re- printed 1874 ) First Report, with Appendix Contents :— England. House of Loids ; Cambridge Colleges ; Abingdon, and other Cor- porations, etc. Scotland. Advocates' Library, Glas- gow Corporation, etc. Ireland. Dublin, Cork, and other Corporations, etc. f'cap. [C. 55] .9. 1 d. 6 1671 Second Report, with Appendix, and Index to the First and Second Reports - Contents : — Engiand. House of Lords ; Cam- bridge Colleges ; Oxford Colleges ; Monastery of Dominican Friars at Woodchester, Duke of Bedford, Earl Spencer, etc. Scotland. Aberdeen and St. An- drew's Universities, etc. Ireland. Marquis of Ormonde ; Dr. Lyons, etc. >> [C. 441] 3 10 1872 (Re- printed 1895.) Third Report, with Appendix and Index- - Contents : — England. House of Lords ; Cam- bridge Colleges ; Stonyhurst Col- lege ; Bridgwater and other Cor- porations ; Duke of Northumber- land, Marquis of Lansdowne, Mar- quis of Bath, etc. Scotland. University of Glasgow ; Duke of Montrose, etc. Ireland. Marquis of Ormonde ; Black Book of Limerick, etc. >> [C. 673] 6 1873 Fourth Report, with Appendix. Part I. Contents : — England. House of Lords ; West- minster Abbey ; Cambridge and Oxford Colleges ; Cinque Ports, Hythe, and other Corporations, Marquis of Bath, Earl of Denbigh, etc. Scotland. Duke of Argyll, etc. Ireland. Trinity College, Dublin ; Marquis of Ormonde. » » [C. 857] 6 8 1873 Ditto. Part II. Index >» [C.867L] 2 6 iv. Date. Size. Sessional Paper. Price. 1870 Fifth Report, with Appendix. Part I. - Contents :— England. House of Lords ; Oxford and Cambridge Colleges ; Dean and Chapter of Canterbury ; Rye, Lydd, and other Corporations, Duke of Sutherland, Marquis of Lansdowne, Reginald Cholmondeley, Esq., etc. Scotland. Earl of Aberdeen, etc. f'cap. [C.1432] s. d. 7 1870 Ditto. Part II. Index - - >> [C.1432 i-] 3 6 1877 Sixth Report, with Appendix. Part I. - Contents : — England. House of Lords ; Oxford and Cambridge Colleges ; Lambeth Palace ; Black Book of the Arch- deacon of Canterbury ; Bridport, Wallingford, and other Corporations ; Lord Leconfield, Sir Reginald Graham, Sir Henry Ingilby, etc. Scotland. Duke of Argyll, Earl of Moray, etc. Ireland. Marquis of Ormonde. j j [C.1745] 8 6 (Re- printed 1893.) Ditto. Part II. Index. i > [C.2102] 1 10 (Re- printed 1895.) Seventh Report, with Appendix. Part I. Contents : — House of Lords ; County of Somerset ; Earl of Egmont, Sir Frederick Graham, Sir Harry Verney, etc. " [C.2340] 7 6 (Re printed 1895.) Ditto. Part II. Appendix and Index - Contents : — Duke of Atholl, Marquis of Ormonde, Sir S. F. Livingstone, Esq., etc. [C. 2340 i.] 3 6 1881 Eighth Report, with Appendix and Index. Part I. Contents : — List of collections examined, 1869-1880, England. House of Lords ; Duke of Marlborough : Magdalen Col- lege, Oxford ; Royal College of Physicians ; Queen Anne's Bounty Office ; Corporations of Chester, Leicester, etc. Ireland, Marquis of Ormonde, Lord TT.w.It? Thp OTlnnnv Finn Trinitv College, Dublin, etc. > • [C.3010] [Ovt of print. ,] 1881 Ditto. Part II. Appendix and Index Contents : — The Duke of Manchester. > > |C. 3040 i.] [Out of print.] V. Date. Size. ISessional Paper. Price. 1881 Eighth Report. Part III. Appendix and Index - - Contents : — Earl of Asbburnham. f'cap. [C 3040 ii.] s. d. [Out of print.~\ 1883 (Re- printed 1895.) Ninth Report, with Appendix and TvhFV Padt T Contents : — St. Paul's and Canterbury Catbedrals ; Eton College ; Carlisle, Yarmoutb, Canterbury, and Barnstaple Corpora- tions, etc. '» r C. 3773 1 5 2 1884 (Re- printed 1895.) Ditto. Part II. Appendix and Index Contents : — England. House of Lords, Earl of Leicester ; C. Pole Gell, Alfred Mor- rison, Esqs., etc. Scotland. Lord Elpbinstone, H. C. Maxwell Stuart, Esq., etc. Ireland. Duke of Leinster, Marquis of Drogheda, etc. 5 ) [C. 3773 y 6 3 1884 1883 (Re- printed 1895.) 188S Ditto. Part III. Appendix and Index - Contents : — Mrs. Stopford Sackville [re-issued, revised and extended as [Cd. 1892] . Calendar of the Manuscripts of the Marquis of Salisbury, K.G. (or Cecil MSS.). Part I. 1306-1571. - Ditto. Part II. 1572-1582. - ) J 8vo. « [C. 3773 ■ ii.J [C.3777] [C.5463] [Out of 'print.] 3 5 3 5 1889 Ditto. Part III. 1583-1589. - 5> [C. 5889 v.] [C.6823] 2 1 1892 Ditto. Part IV. 1590-1594. - >> 2 11 1894 Ditto. Part V. 1594-1596. - > > [C.7574] 2 6 1896 Ditto. Part VI. 1596. » » [C.7884] 2 8 1899 Ditto. Part VII. 1597. [C.9246] 2 8 1899 Ditto. Part VIII. 1598. ) » [C.9467] 2 8 1902 Ditto. Part IX. 1599. [C. 928] 2 3 1904 Ditto. Part X. 1600. [C.2052] 2 3 1885 Tenth Report - - - - j Tbis is introductory to tbe following : — [C.4548] [Out of print.] 1885 (Re- printed 1695) (1.) Appendix and Index Earl of Eglinton, Sir J. S. Maxwell, Bart., and C. S. H. D. Moray, C. F. Weston Underwood, G. W. Digby, Esqs. [C.4575J 3 7 1885 (2 ) Appendix and Index The Family of Gawdy. »> ^C. 4576 iii.] 1 4 1885 (3.) Appendix and Index Wells Cathedral. 5> [C. 4576 ii.] [Out of print.'] vi. Date. Size. Sessional Paper. Price. 1885 (4.) Appendix and Index Earl of Westmorland ; Capt. Stewart ; Lord Stafford ; Sir N. W. Throck- morton ; Sir P. T. Mainwaring, Lord Muncaster, M.P. , Cjpt. J. F. Bagot, Earl of Kilmorey, Earl of Powis, and others, the Corporations of Kendal, Wenlock. Bridgnorth, Eye, Plymouth, and the County of Essex ; and Stonyhurst College. 8vo. [C.4576] s. d. [Out of print.] 1885 (Re- printed 1895). (5 ) Apfendix and Index The Marquis of Ormonde, Earl of Fingall, Corporations of Galway, Waterford, the Sees of Dublin and Ossory, the Jesuits in Ireland. > ' [C. 4576 i-] 2 10 1887 (6.) Appendix and Index Marquis of Abergavenny, Lord Braye, G. F. Luttrell, P. P. Bouverie, W. Bromley Davenport, R. T. Balfour, Esqs. > i [C.5242] 1 7 1887 Eleventh Report .... This is introductory to the following : — [C. 5060 vi.] 3 ]887 (1.) Appendix and Ind"x - H. D. Skrine, Esq,, Salvetti Corres- pondence. >> [C. 5060 1 1 1887 (2.) Appendix and Index House of Lords, 1678—1688. [C 5060 i-] 2 1887 (3.) Appendix and Index Corporations of Southampton and Lynn. [C. 5060 ii.] 1 8 1887 (4.) Appendix and Index Marquess Townshend. )i [C. 5060 iii.] 2 6 1887 (5.) Appendix and Index Earl of Dartmouth. jj [C. 5060 iv.] 2 8 1887 (6.) Appendix and Index Duke of Hamilton. 5) [C. 5060 v.] 1 6 1888 (7.) Appendix and Index Duke of Leeds, Marchioness of Waterford, Lord Hothfield, etc. ; Bridgewater Trust Office, Reading Corporation, Inner Temple Library. >» [C.5612] 2 i ftQn XOi7V Twelfth Report .... This is introductory to the fallowing : — [C.5889] 3 1888 (1.) Appendix Earl Cowper, K.G. (Coke MSS-, at Mplhnnrnp Hall Derbv) Vol. J. [C.5472] 2 7 1888 (2 ) Appendix - - - - - Ditto. Vol.11, [C.5613] 2 5 vii. Date. Size. Sessiona Paper. ' Price. Earl Cowper, K.G. (Coke MSS., at Melbourne Hall, Derby.) Vol. III. 8vo. PC 588Q i-] s. d. 1888 (4 ) Appendix ----- The Duke of Kutland, G.C.B. Vol. I. M [C.5614] {Out of print.'] 1891 (5.) Appendix and Index Ditto. Vol. II. > f [C. 5889 ii.] 2 1889 (6.) Appendix and Index House of Lords, 1689-1690. » [C. 5889 iii.] 2 1 i ft on /7 \ A ppv\ t dty *Mn TxrnvY 1 | • 1 1 fjl> X/1A All U J.IN isVj -Y S. H. le Fleming, Esq., of Bydal. iv.] i ii 1891 \ (8.) Appendix and Index The Duke of Athole, K.T., and the Earl of Home. [C.6338] 1 1891 (9.) Appendix and Index The Duke of Beaufort, K.G., the Earl of Donoughmore ; J. H. Gurney, W. W. B. Hulton, K. W. Ketton, G. A. Aitken, P. V. Smith, Esqs. ; Bishop of Ely ; Cathedrals of Ely, Glouces- ter, Lincoln, and Peterborough ; P!rivr»m*Q'finnc f\f f-rl nn^pcf^i' T-TifrViom UUl L/Ui CLLlUIlO \JlvUvCoUvl * XXlgllctlll Ferrers, and Newark ; Southwell Minster ; Lincoln District liegistry. [C. 6338 i.] 2 6 1891 (10.) Appendix .... The First Earl of Charlemont. Vol. I. [C. 6338 ii.] 1 11 1892 Thirteenth Keport - This is introductory to the following : — » [C.6827] 3 1891 (1.) Appendix .... The Duke of Portland. Vol. I. " [C 6474] 3 1893 (2.) Appendix and Index Ditto. Vol II. [C. 6827 i.] 2 1892 (3 ) Appendix ----- J. B. Fortescue, Esq., of Dropniore. Vol. I. [C.6660] 2 7 1892 (4.) Appendix and Index Corporations of Bye, Hastings, and Hereford ; Captain F. C. Loder- Symonds, E. K. Wodehouse, M.P., J. Dovaston, Esqs., Sir T. B. and Earl of Dartmouth (Supple- mentary Keport). [C.6810] 2 4 1892 (5.) Appendix and Index House of Lords, 1690-1691. [C.6822] 2 4 (0.) Appendix and Index - - , Sir W. Fitzherbert, Bart. ; the Delaval Family, of Seaton Delaval ; the Earl of Ancaster ; and General Lyttelton- Annesley. »> t». 71boJ 1 4 viii Date. Size. Sessional Paper. Price. 1893 (7.) Appendix and Index The Earl of Lonsdale. 1 8vo. [C.7241] s. 1 d. 3 1893 (8.) Appendix and Index The First Earl of Charlemont. Vol. II. »> [C.7424] 1 11 1896 Fourteenth Report .... This is introductory to the following : — [C.7983] 3 1894 (1.) Appendix and Index The Duke of Rutland, G.C.B. Vol. III. >» [C.7476] 1 11 1894 (2.) Appendix- .... The Duke of Portland. Vol. III. [C.7569] 2 8 1894 (3.) Append x and Index The Duke of Roxburghe ; Sir H. H. Campbell, Bart. ; the Earl of Strathmore ; and the Countess Dowager of Seafield. » > [C.7570] 1 2 1894 (1.) Appendix and Index Lord Kenyon. [C.7571] 2 10 1896 (5.) Appendix ..... J. B. Fortescue, Esq., of Dropmore. Vol. II. [C.7572] 2 8 1895 (6.) Appendix and Index House of Lords, 1692-93. {Manuscripts of the House of Lords, 1693-1695, Vol. I. (New Series ). See H.L, No. (5) of 1900. Price 2s. 9d. Ditto. 1695-1697. Vol. II. See H.L. No. 18. 1903. Price 2s 9d.) >> [C.7573] 1 11 1895 (7.) Appendix - The Marquis of Ormonde. [C.7678] 1 10 1895 (8.) Appendix and Index Lincoln, Bury S. Edmunds, Hertford, and Great Grimsby Corporations ; the Dean and Chapter of Wor- cester, and of Lichfield ; the Bishop's Registry of Worcester. II [C.7881] 1 5 1895 (9.) Appendix and Index Earl of Buckinghamshire ; Earl of Lindsey ; Earl of Onslow ; Lord Emly ; T. J. Hare, Esq. , and J, Round, Esq., M.P. » ' [C.7882] 2 6 1895 (10.) Appendix and Index The Earl of Dartmouth. Vol. II. American Papers. >> [C.7883] 2 9 ix. Flo f o _ . OI/jC. Sessional Paper. Price 1899 Fifteenth Report .... This is introductory to the following : — 8vo. [C.9295] s. d. 4 IS 9G (1.) Appendix and Index The Earl of Dartmouth, Vol III. [C.8156] 1 5 1897 (2.) Appendix- - J. Eliot Hodgkin, Esq. » [C.8327] 1 8 1897 (3) Appendix and Index Charles Haliday, Esq., of Dublin ; Acts of the Privy Council in Ireland, 1556-1571; Sir William Ussher's Table to the Council Book ; Table to the Red Council Book. »> [C.8364] 1 4 1897 (4.) Appendix ... The Duke of Portland. Vol. IV. [C.8497] 2 11 1897 (5.) Appendix and Index The Right Hon. F. J. Savile Foljambe. >> [C.8550] 10 1897 (6.) Appendix and Index The Earl of Carlisle, Castle Howard. [C.8551] 3 6 1697 (7.) Appendix and Index The Duke of Somerset ; the Marquis of Ailesbury ; and Sir F. G. Puleston, Bart. >> [C.8552] 1 9 1897 (8.) Appendix and Index The Duke of Buccleuch and Queens- berry, at Drumlanrig. Vol I. [C 8553] 1 4 1897 (9.) Appendix and dex J. J. Hope Johnstone, Esq., of Annan- dale. »» [C.8554] 1 1899 (10.) Shrewsbury and Coventry Corpora- tions ; Sir H. 0. Corbet, Bart., Earl of Radnor, P.T. Tillard; J R. Carr- Ellison ; Andrew Kingsmill, Esqs. [C.9472] 1 1898 Manuscripts in the Welsh Language : Vol. I.— Lord Mostyn, at Mostyn Hall. >» [C.8829] 1 4 1899 Vol. I. Part II.— W. R. M. Wynne, Esq., of Peniarth. [C.9468] 2 11 1902 Vol. II. Part 1.— Jesus College, Ox- ford ; Free Library, Cardiff ; Havod ; Wrexham ; Llanwrin ; Merthyr ; Aberdar. [C.1100] 1 9 1903 Vol. II. Part II.— Plas Llan Stephan; Free Library, Cardiff. >• [C.1692] 1 8 1899 Manuscripts of the Duke of Buccleuch and Queensberry, K.G., K.T., at Montagu House, Whitehall. Vol. I. >> [C.9244] 2 7 1903 Ditto. Vol. II. (Part I.) - [Cd.930] 1 10 X. Date. Size. Sessional Paper. Price. 1903 Manuscripts of the Duke of Buccleuch and Queensberry, K.G., K.T., at Montagu House, Whitehall. Vol. II. (Part II.) Svo. [C.930 ij s 1 a. 11 1903 Ditto at Drumlanrig Castle. Vol. II. [C.1827] 1 1 1899 Ditto Marquess of Ormonde, K.P., at Kil- kenny Castle. Vol. II. [C.9245] 2 1902 Ditto. New Series. Vol. I. [Cd.929] i i 7 1903 Ditto. Vol. II. 'C.1G91] i i i n 1904 Ditto. Vol. III. [C. 1963] o n u 1904 Ditto. Mrs. Stopford-Sackville. Vol. I. [C.1892] \ 10 1899 Ditto. Duke of Portland, K G. Vol. V. - [C.9466] 2 9 1901 Ditto. Vol. VI., with Index to Vols. III.-VI. [Cd.676] \ 9 1901 Ditto. Vol. VII. - [Cd.783] 2 3 1899 Ditto. J. M. Heathcote, Esq. [C.9469] 1 3 1899 Ditto. J. B. Fortescue, Esq. Vol. III. - [C.9470] 3 1 1899 Ditto. F. W. Leyborne-Popham, Esq. [C.9471] 1 6 1900 Ditto. Mrs. Frankland-Russell Astley. [Cd 282] 2 1900 Ditto. Lord Montagu of Beaulieu. - [Cd.283] 1 1 1900 Ditto. Beverley Corporation [Cd.284] 1 1901 Ditto. Various Collections. Vol. I. Corporations of Berwick-on-Tweed, Burford and Lostwithiel ; the Counties of Wilts and Worcester ; the Bishop of Chichester ; and the Dean and Chapters of Chichester, Canterbury, and Salisbury. [Cd.784] 2 1903 Ditto. Vol. 11. Sir Geo. Wombwell, the Duke of Norfolk, Lord Edmund r J albot (the Shrewsbury Papers), Miss Buxton, Mrs. Harford and Mrs. Wentworth of Woolley. » [Cd-932] 2 4 1904 Ditto. Vol. III. T. B. Clarke-Thornhill, Esq.; Sir T. Barrett- Lennard, Bart. ; Pelham R. Papillon, Esq. ; W. Cleverly Alexander, Esq. >> LC.19C4] 1 6 1902 Calendar of the Stuart Manuscripts at Windsor Castle, belonging to His Majesty the King. Vol. I. » [Cd.927] 2 11 1904 Ditto. Vol.11. - >> [C.2189] 2 9 1902 Manuscripts Colonel David Milne-Home, of Wedderburn Castle, N.B. >> [Cd.931] 1 4 xi. Date. Manuscripts Marquess of Bath, at Longleat, Wiltshire. Vol. I. American Manuscripts in the Royal Institu- tion of Great Britain. Vol. I. Sixteenth Report (containing a list of the owners of Manuscripts upon whose collec- tions Reports have been made to July, 1904). Manuscripts of the Earl of Mar and Kellie, at Alloa House, N.B. Ditto. J. B. Fortescue, Esq. Vol. IV. Ditto. Lady Du Cane Ditto. Marquess of Lothian, at Blickling Hall. Ditto. Earl of Egmont. Vol. I. Part I. - Ditto. Ditto. Vol. I. Part II. - Ditto. Duke of Rutland. Vol. IV. Ditto. J. B. Fortescue, Esq., of Dropmore. Vol. V. Ditto. Dean and Chapter of Wells Ditto. Marquis of Ormonde. New Series, Vol. IV. Ditto. Earl of Verulam Ditto. Earl of Ancaster Ditto — Various Collections. Vol. IV. Bishop of Salisbury; Bishop of Exeter; Dean and Chapter of Exeter ; City of Salisbury, etc. Calendar of Stuart MSS. ; belonging to H.M. the King. Vol. III. Size. Sessional Paper. [C.2048J [C.2201] [C.2209] [C.2190] [C.2233] [C.2367] [C.2319] [C.2318] [C.2570] [C.2606] [C 2811] [C.2810] [C.2973] Price. s. d. 1 9 2 3 9 2 7 2 6 2 2 2 1 8 1 9 2 9 2 4 [In the Press. ] [In the Press.] 1 4 [In the Press.] [In the Press] [In the Press,] Trade (Imports and Exports) of the United Kingdom with the Colonies and Foreign Countries ; Rates of Wages and Hours of Labour at Home and Abroad ; Customs Tariff ; Food Supply. &c., viz. : — [Cd. 2622.] Statistical Abstract of the United Kingdom. 1890-1904. Price Is. 3d. [Cd. 2679.] Do. do. Colonies. 1890-1904. Price Is. 9