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 I DESC o RiPTl ON 
 
 I Cathedral of Canterbury, 1 
 
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 Lives of the ArehbilW 
 
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 ~y 
 
Ulrich Middeldorf 
 
AN HISTORICAL 
 
 DESCRIPTION 
 
 OF THE 
 CATHEDRAL and METRGPOLITICAL 
 
 CHURCH of CHRIST, 
 
 CANTERBURY 
 A NEW EDITION. 
 
AN HISTORICAL 
 
 DESCRIPTION 
 
 OF THE 
 
 METR OPOLITICAL 
 
 CHURCH of CHRIST, 
 
 CANTERBURT: 
 
 CONTAINING 
 
 AN ACCOUNT OF ITS ANTIQUITIES, 
 
 AND OF 
 
 ITS ACCIDENTS AND IMPROVEMENTS, 
 
 SINCE THE FIRST ESTABLISHMENT. 
 WITH 
 
 AN ENGLISH TRANSLATION OF THE EPITAPHS, 
 
 AND A SOUTH PROSPECT OF THE CATHEDRAU 
 
 The SECOND EDITION, GREATLY ENLARGED, 
 
 With a Preface, containing 
 Observations on the Gothic Architecture, 
 
 And an Historical Account of the 
 
 ARCHBISHOPS of CANTERBURY, 
 
 From Augustin to the Present Time. 
 Together with AN ELEGY, written 
 
 By the Rev. JOHN DUNCOMBE, M.J. 
 
 CANTERBURY: 
 PRINTED AND SOLD BY SIMMONS AND KIRKBY. 
 
.* Let my due feet never fail 
 
 To walk thejludious cloyfters pale y 
 And love the high- endowed rocf 
 With antique pillars, maffy proofs 
 And jlory'd windows richly dight, 
 Cafling a dim religious light. 
 
 Milton's II Penseroso. 
 
c I } 
 
 INTRODUCTION. 
 
 A S the cathedral, of which the following 
 little tra& may in great meafure be con* 
 fidered only as a general defcription, is of too 
 large an extent to examine with that attention 
 neceffary for the comprehending the various 
 and complicated ftrufture of its feveral parts, 
 in the fhort time flrangers ufually allow them- 
 felves, for that purpofe } and its being made 
 up, as it were, of fo many diftinft buildings, 
 each formed agreeable to the tafte of the pe- 
 riod in which that particular fpecies of archi- 
 tecture prevailed. Perfons who have not made 
 Antiquities their ftudy, will be at a lofs to re- 
 concile their appearance 5 as the ftyle here ufed 
 is not ftri&ly conformable to any order, either 
 of the Greek or Roman architecture, though 
 it may be faid to partake, in fome degree, of 
 
 them all. 
 
 a By 
 
[ a ]' 
 
 By way of preface, therefore, it is prefum- 
 ed, a few obfervations on the different modes 
 of building, adopted by the firft founders, and 
 fupporters of the chriftian religion in this 
 ifland, will not be wholly unacceptable to the 
 Reader. 
 
 PRE- 
 
PREFACE. 
 
 Obfervations on the Gothic Architecture. 
 
 WRITERS, for the moft part, when they mention our 
 ancient buildings, particularly the religious ones. not- 
 withstanding the (Inking difference in the Styles of their con- 
 struction, clafs them all under the common denomination of 
 Gothic.: a general appellation by them applied to all build- 
 ings not exactly conformable to fome one of the five orders 
 of architecture. Modern antiquaries more accurately divide 
 them into Saxon, Norman, and Saracenic ; or that fpecies, 
 vulgarly, though improperly, called Gothic. 
 
 Mr. Somner, and many others, were of opinion, that the 
 faxon churches were mottly built with timber ; and that the 
 few they had of Stone, confided only of upright walls, with- 
 out pillars or arches, the construction of which, it is pre- 
 tended, they were entirely ignorant of. Great and refpecla- 
 ble authorities might be cited to difprove this, were not the 
 fuppention improbable in a very great degree ; for can we 
 fuppofe the Saxons could be ignorant of fo ufeful a contri- 
 vance as the arch ; many of them, built by the Romans, 
 they mutt have had before their eyes : fome of which have 
 reached our days ; two particularly are now remaining in 
 Canterbury only; one in the Cattle- yard,, and the other at 
 Riding-gate : and it is not to b- believed, that once know- 
 ing them, and their convenience, they would neglect to 
 make ufe of them ; or having ufed, would relinquish them : 
 befides, as it appears from undoubted authorities, they pro- 
 cured workmen from the continent to conftru£t their capital 
 buildings according to the rornan manner. This alone would be 
 Sufficient to confute that ill grounded opinion, and at the 
 fame time proves, that what we commonly call Saxon, is in 
 reality roman architecture. This was the ftyle of bu ' >g 
 practifed all over Europe ; and it continued to be ul'ed by 
 the Normans, after their arrival here, till the introduction of 
 what is called the Gothic, which was not till about the end of 
 the reign of Henry I. fo that there feems to be little or no 
 grounds for a distinction between the faxon and norman archi- 
 tecture. Indeed, it is faid, the buildings of the latter were of 
 
 A 2 larger 
 
C * J 
 
 larger dimenfions, both in height and area ; and they were 
 conftru&ed withaftone brought from Caen in Normandy, of 
 which their workmen were peculiarly fond ; but this was 
 fimply an alteration in the feale and materials, and not in 
 the manner of the building. The antient part of moft of 
 our cathedrals are of this early norman work*. 
 
 Architecture, in all it's branches, received great improve- 
 ments in the 12th century; indeed, it may very properly be 
 called the age of architecture, in which the rage for build- 
 ing was more violent in England than at any other time. 
 
 • The characterise marks of this flyle are thefe: the wall* are very thick, 
 generally without buttreffes; the archei, both within and without, as well ai 
 thofe over the doors and windows, femicircular, and fupported by very folid, or 
 rather clumfy columns, with a kind of regular bafe and capital : in ftiort, plain, 
 nefs and folidity conftitute the ftriking features of this method of building. 
 Neverthelefs, the architects of thofe days fometimes deviated from this rule ; 
 their capitals were adorned with carvings of foliage, and even animals ; and their 
 maftive columns decorated with fmall half-columns united to them; grooves cut 
 fpirally round them, or overfpread with a kind of lozenge net-work. An inftance 
 of the fecond may be feen in the undercroft vf our cathedral ; the two laft oc- 
 cur at Durham: but the moft beautiful fpecimens of this work are to be met 
 with in the ruined choir at Orford in Suffer. Their arches too, though gene- 
 rally plain, fometimes came in for more than their mare of ornaments ; particu 
 larly thofe over the chief doors : fome of thefe were overloaded with a profufion of 
 carving. It would be iropoffible to defenbe the different ornaments there crouded 
 together ; which feem to be more the extemporaneous product of a grotefque 
 imagination, than the refult of any particular defign. On fome of thefe archei 
 is commonly, over the key-ftone, reprefented God the Father, or our Saviojr 
 Surrounded with angels, and below a melange of foliage, animals, often ludi- 
 crous, and fometimes even indecent fubjecls. Partly of this fort is the great 
 door at Barfreftone church in Kent. The idea of thefe artifts feems to have been 
 that the greater number of fmall and diflimilar fubjefts they could there affemble, 
 the more beautiful they rendered their work. It is not however to be denied, 
 that the extreme richnefs of thefe inferior parts, ferved, by their ftriking con- 
 trail, to fet off the venerable plainnefs of the reft nf the building, a circum- 
 ftance wanting in the Gothic ftruclures; which being equally ornamented all 
 over, fatigue and diftradt, rather than gratify the eye. Not that it is to be under- 
 stood, that all the Saxon ornamented arches were devoid of beauty and tafte ; on 
 the contrary, there are feveral wherein both are difplayed, particularly in the 
 church of Ely ; at the eaft end of Barfrefton church; and in the entrance into 
 what was the Stranger's Hall, in the monaftery of Chrift Church, Canterbury, 
 built by Archbifhop Lanfranc. The fmall piliars or columns were formerly 
 richly ornamented ; but, by order of one of the Deans, were chipped plain. The 
 cfcutcheons over thefe are remarkable; they not being cuftomary at the time of 
 its erection, dole's Antio,. vol. 1, pref. f. 567, 
 
 The 
 
r * i 
 
 The great and general improvements that were made in the 
 fabrics of houfes and churches in the firft years of this cen- 
 tury, are thus defcribed by a contemporary writerf. Tne 
 new cathedrals and innumerable churches that w?! e bult in 
 all parts, together with the many magnificent cldrfters and 
 monafteries, and other apartments of monks, that were 
 erected, afford a fufficient proof of the great felicity of Eng- 
 land in the reign of Henry I. The religious of every order, 
 enjoying peace and profperity, difplayed the moH: aitonifhiag 
 ardour in every thing that might increafe the fplendor of di- 
 vine worfhip. The fervent zeal of the .faithful, prompted 
 them to pull down houfes and churches every were, and re- 
 build them in a better manner. By this means the antient 
 edifices that had been railed in the days of Edgar,. Edward, 
 and other chriftian Kings, were demolifhed ; and others of 
 greater magnitude and magnificence, and of more elegant 
 workmanfhip, were erected in their room, to the glory of 
 God." 
 
 As the prodigious power of religious zeal, whatever turn 
 it happens to take, when it is thoroughly heated, is well 
 known, it may not be improper to give one example of the 
 arts employed by the clergy and monks of this period, to in- 
 flame the pious ardour of the kings, nobles, and people, for 
 building and adorning churches. When JofFred, Abbot of 
 Croyland, refolved to rebuild the church of his monaftery in 
 a moll: magnificient manner, A. D. ito6, he obtained from 
 the Archbifhop of Canterbury and York a bull difpenfing 
 with the third part of all penances for fin, to thofe who con- 
 tributed any thing towards the building of that church. This 
 bull was directed not only to the King and People of England, 
 but to the Kings of France and Scotland, and to all other 
 Kings, Earls, Barons, Archbifhops, Bifhops, Abbats, Priors, 
 Re&ors, Prefbyters, and CJerks, and to all true Believers in 
 Chrift, rich and poor, in all chriftian kingdoms. To make 
 the beft ufe of this bull, he fent two of his mod eloquent 
 monks to proclaim it all over France and Flanders, two o- 
 ther monks into Scotland, two into Denmark and Norway, 
 two into Wales, Cornwall, and Irelandj and others into 
 different parts of Engiand. By this means (fays the hifto- 
 rian) the wonderful benefits granted to all the contributors 
 tfi the building of this church were publifhed to the very endg 
 
 t Orderic. Vital, Hift, Ecclef. U 10, p. 788, 
 
 Of 
 
f vi ] 
 
 of the earth ; and great heaps of treafure ami mafles of yellow 
 metal flowed in from all countries, upon the venerable Ab- 
 botjoffrcd, ami encouraged him to lay the foundations of his 
 church." Having fpent about four years in collecting moun- 
 tains of different kinds of marble, from quarries both at 
 home and abroad, together with great quantities of lime, 
 iron, brafs, and other materials for building, he fixed a day 
 for the great ceremony of laying the foundation, which he 
 contrived to make a very effectual means of raifing the fupcr- 
 ftructuic. For, on the long expected day, the feaft of the 
 holy vii';;ins,Fclicitas and Perpetua, an immenfe multitude of 
 Earls, Baron?, and Knights, with their Ladies and Families, 
 of Abbots, Priors, Monks, Nuns, Clerks, and Peribns of all 
 Ranks, arrived at Croyland, to affift at this ceremony. This 
 pious Abbot Joffred began by faying certain prayers, and 
 fliedding a flood of tears, on the foundation. Then each of 
 the Earls, Barons, Knights, with their Ladies, Sons and 
 Daughters, the Abbots, Clerks, and others, laid a ftone, and 
 upon it depofited a fum of money, a grant of lands, tythes, 
 or patronages, or a promife of ftone, lime, wood, labour, or 
 carriages, for building the church. After this the Abbot en- 
 tertained the whole company, amounting to 5000 perfons at 
 dinner. To this entertainment they were entitled -, tor the 
 money, and grants of different kinds, which they had depo- 
 fited on the round atipn-ftones, were alone fuflicient to have 
 railed a noble fabric. Bv fuqh arts as thefe the clergy in- 
 spired Kings, Nobles, and Peopdfe of all Ranks, with to ar- 
 dent a fpir.it for thefe pious works, that in the courfc of this 
 period aimoft all the facred edifices in England were rebuilt, 
 and many hundreds of new ones raifed from the foundation. 
 The facred architecture of the Anglo-Normans in the be- 
 ginning of this period, did not differ much in its ftyie and 
 manner from that of the Anglo-Saxons : their churches be- 
 ing in general plain, low, ilrong, and dark, the arches of the 
 doors and windows femicLrcular; with few or no ornament.: 
 though in both thefe refpects there were fome exceptions, as 
 mentioned in the preceding note. By degree's, through 
 much practice, our architects, who were all monks or cler- 
 gymen, improved in their talte or ikill, and ventured to form 
 plans of more noble, light, and elevated Uruciures, with a 
 great variety of ornaments ; which led to that bold magnifi- 
 cent ft vie of building, commonly, though perhaps not very 
 properly, called the latter Gothic. It is not very improbable 
 
 thit 
 
[ vii ] 
 
 that our monkifh architeas were afiifted in attaining this ftyle 
 of buiWtng by models from foreign countries, or by inftruc- 
 tions from fuch of their own number as had vifited Italy, 
 Fiance, Spain or the Eaft. But, without entering into uncer- 
 tain difnutes about the origin of this ftyle of architecture, it is 
 fufficient to obferve, that it began to appear in England in 
 the rei^n of Henry lh% . 
 
 The" marks which conftitute the character of Ciothic or 
 Saracenical architedure, are its numerous and prominent 
 buttreffeSj its loftv fpires and pinacles, its large and ramified 
 windows, its ornamental niches or canopies, its Iculptured 
 faints', the delicate lace-work of its fretted roofs, and the 
 prorufmn of ornaments lavifhed indifcriminately over the 
 whole building : but its peculiar diftinguifhing chancers 
 are the fmall cluftered pillars and pointed arches, formed 
 by the ferments of two interfering circles ; which arches, 
 though lafl; brought into ufe, are evidently of a more fimple 
 and obvious conduction than the femicircular ones ; two 
 fiat ftones, with their tops inclined to each other, and touch- 
 ing form its rudiments, a number of boughs ftuck in the 
 croand oppofite each other, and tied together at the top, 
 hi order to form a bower, exactly defcribe it § : whereas a 
 femicircular arch appears the refult of deeper contrivance, as 
 confuting of more parts j and it feems lefs probable, chance, 
 
 J Henry's Hift. of Great Brit. vol. iii, p. 454 7: 
 
 § Bifliop Warburton, in hU notes on Pope's epiftles, fays, « When the Goths 
 had conquered Spain, and the genial warnth of the climate, and the religion 
 of the old inhabitants hid ripened their wits and inflamtd their miftaken p.et y> 
 (both kept in exercile by the neighbourhood of the Saracens, through emulation 
 of their fcience, and averlion to their. fuperftition) they ftruck out a new lpec.es 
 of architecture, unknown to Greece and Rome j upon original principles, and 
 ideas much nobler than what had given birth even to claflical magnificence. For 
 this northern people having been accultomed, during the gloom of Paganifm, to 
 woiihip the Deity in groves, (a practice common to all nations) when their new 
 religion required covered edifices, they ingemoufly projected to make them re- 
 femble groves, as Dearly as the diftanceof architecture would permit, at once in- 
 dulging their old prejudices, and providing for theii prefent conveniences, by a 
 c o! receptacle, in a fuitry climate t and with what /kill and fuccefs they executed 
 the projed, by the afiiitance of faracen architects, whofe exotic ftyle of building 
 very luckily fuited their purpofe, appears from hence, that no attentive obferver 
 ever viewed a regular avenue of well-grown trees, intermixing their branches 
 ever heao, but it prefently put him in mind of the long viflo through a G >thic 
 Cathedral j or ever entered one of the larger and more els&ant edifices of this kind, 
 
 from 
 
[ viii J 
 
 from whence all thefe inventions were firft derived, fhould 
 through teveral wedge -like ftones between two fet perpendi- 
 cular, fo as exactly to fit and fill up the interval||. 
 
 This mode of architecture, which with fome variations, 
 flourished more than three centuries, produced many ftupen- 
 dous edifices, which are ftill viewed with pleafure and ad- 
 miration*. 
 
 but it ieprefr.nrcd tc hii imagination an avenue of treei: and this alone is what 
 can be truly tailed the Gotnic ftyle of building. Under this idea of (a extraor- 
 dinary a foecits of architecture, all the irregular tranfgreflions againft art, all the 
 monrtrO'16 offences againft nature, difappear j and every thing ha* it's reafon, every- 
 thing is in order, and an harmonious whole anfes from the ftudious application of 
 ■Titan-, proper and proportioned to the end. For could tie arches be otberwife 
 than pointed, when the workmen were to imitate that curve which branches of 
 twooppofue tree^ make by their interfeclioa with one another; or cauld the co- 
 lumns be otherwife than fplit into dirtintt (hafts, when they were to reprefent 
 the Heme of a clump of trees, growing clofe together ? On the fame principles 
 thej f'oimed the fpreading ramification of the Hone-work, and the ftained glafs in 
 the interlaces ; the one to reprefent the branches, the other the leaves, of an 
 epening grove ; and both concurred to preferve that gloomy light which infpuet 
 religious reverence and dread. Laftly, we fee the reafon of their ftudied averfion 
 to apparent folidity in thefe ftupendous maffes, deemed abfurd by men aceuftomed 
 to the apparent, as well as realftrength of grecian architecture. Had it been on- 
 ly a wanton exercife of the artift's /kill, to {hew he could g»ve real ftrength with- 
 out the appearance, we might indeed admire his fuperior fcience ; but we muft 
 needs condemn his ill judgment. But when one confiders, that this furprizing 
 lightnefs was neceffary to compleat the execution of his idea of a f>lvan place of 
 worftnp, one cannot furficiently admire the ingenuity of the contrivance. This 
 will account for the contrary qualities in what is ealled the faxon architecture. 
 Thefe artirts copied from the churches in the Holy Land, the architecture of 
 which was Grecian, but corrupted by prevailing barbarifm ; and Aill further de- 
 praved by a religious idea. The firft places of chriftian worftiip were fepiilchref 
 and fubter arc jus caverns, low and heavy from neeefTity. When chriftianity be- 
 came the religion of the ftare, and fumptuous temples began to be erecled, tbey 
 vet in regard to the firft pious sgc», preferred the maflive ftyle, made flail more 
 venerable by the church of the holy fepulchrej where this ftyle was, on a dou- 
 ble account, followed and aggravated." 
 
 | GroflVs Anti*,. vol. I, pref. p. 75-6. 
 
 • Henrys Hift. Crcat Brit, vol. ui. p. 457" 
 
 D E S C R I P- 
 
DESCRIPTION 
 
 OF THE 
 
 CATHEDRAL of CANTERBURY. 
 
 IN the year ion the Danes having landed at Sandwich, be- 
 fieged the city of Canterbury, and on the zoth day of the 
 fiege fet it on fire. The cathedral was at the lame time con- 
 fumed, and cf all the monks and inhabitants nine parts in 
 ten were put to the fword. Alphage, the archbilhop, was carried 
 away prifoner, and after feven months confinement, was ftoned to 
 death at Greenwich. From 1020 to 1038 the repairs of the church 
 were carried on by the archbilhop Egelnothus, alhlted by King 
 Canute's munificence, who prefented to it his crown of gold, and 
 reltored to it the port of Sandwich and its liberties, which Ethei- 
 dred had given before. In 1067 the church was again confumed 
 by fire ; and in 1073 Lanfranc, being called by the Conqueror 
 from Normandy to prefide over this fee ; fet about rebuilding it, 
 and in feven years finilhed the work, erecting it on the fame ground, 
 but on a different model, viz. on arches of itone, after the Norman 
 manner. 
 
 In 1092, the choir, fo lately built, was taken down by Lanfranc's 
 immediate fucceflbr Archbilhop Anfelm. And when we confider 
 that this great work was finilhed by Lanfranc in fo fmall a fpace of 
 time as feven years, we may reafonably conclude, that Anfelm was 
 under a neceflity of taking it down, or making fome very confide- 
 rable repairs, as it could not have the {lability requifite for fo lofty 
 a building. Ernulphus, then Prior of the Convent, reared it again 
 with more fpkndor and magnificence, and after his death it was 
 
 B finifned 
 
( 2 ) 
 
 finifhed by his fucceflbr, prior Conrad, and was thence called, The 
 Glorious Choir of Conrad, from the rich paintings with which he 
 adorned it, to make it a reprefentation of heaven. Of Lanfranc's 
 choir no defcription remains. In 1 1 14 this new choir was dedi- 
 cated ; and in 1130, having been again damaged by fire, it was 
 again dedicated, with fuch folemnities, that the like were never 
 heard of fince the dedication of Solomon's Temple; the King 
 (Henry I.) the Queen, David King of Scotland, and the nobility 
 of both kingdoms being piefent. On December, 29, 1 170, arch- 
 bifhop Becket was barbaroufly murdered at the foot of the altar of 
 St. Benedict, ever fince called the Martyrdom. But notwithliand- 
 ing what fome Romanifts may believe, fo far are thefe ftones from 
 being ftained with his blood, that the (tones themfelves were re- 
 moved to Peterborough by Prior Benedict, in the year 1 177. The 
 ftones indeed which furround his fhrine and which ftill remain, are 
 vifibly worn, and probably by the knees of his votaries, Gulta ca- 
 wat lapidem, &c. 
 
 In 1 174, three fmall houfes in the City, near the Monaftery gate, 
 taking fire (Sept. 5) a ftrong fouth wind carried the flames towards 
 the church, and at length burnt down the whole choir a third time, 
 together with the prior's lodgings, &c. (1) 
 
 In 1 180 (April 19) the archbifhop, prior, and monks, entered 
 the new choir, finging Te Deum for their happy return to it, it be- 
 ing then near finifhed ; and by the end of 1 184, the whole build- 
 ing was completed, being larger in height and length, and more 
 beautiful, in every refpett, than that of Conrad. Thus this choir 
 was finifhed at the fole expence of the convent in ten years, and in 
 the prefent year (1779) is 599 years old, being above 207 years 
 older than the nave, or body. 
 
 On July 7, 1220, the reputed faint, Thomas Becket, was trans- 
 lated from his tomb in the Undercroft to his fhrine, with the great- 
 eft folemnities and rejoicings, the King (Henry III.) being prefent, 
 and Pandulph, the Pope's Legate, with the archbifhops of Canter- 
 bury and Rheims, and many bifhops and abbots carrying the cof- 
 fin on their moulders. The defcription which Erafmus gives of the 
 fhrine, is as follows: •* A coffin of wood, which covered a coffin 
 of gold, was drawn up by ropes and pullies, and then an invalua- 
 
 (1) The choir was rebuilt by William I ly repaired after the reftoration. and 
 of Sens, and in 1180 this church was in | about the year 1704 it was new pewed, 
 danger from fire again, but it does not I all which will be noticed when we ticit 
 appear that the damage it received, if I of the choir in its proper place, 
 any, was confiderable , it was elegant- * 
 
 Of 
 
( 3 ) 
 
 ble treafure was discovered ; all fhone and glittered with the rareft 
 and moft precious jewels of an extraordinary bignefs ; fome were 
 larger than a goofe's egg. When this fight was fhown, the prior 
 with a white wand touched every jewel one by one, telling the 
 name, the value, and the donor of it." *« It was built, fays Stow, 
 about a man's height, all of ftone, and then upward of timber 
 plain, &c." 
 
 In 1379, the north and fouth wings having been rebuilt, arch- 
 biihop Sudbury took down all the old nave of the church which 
 Lanfranc had built, with a defign to raife it again at his own ex- 
 pence, to a ftate and beauty proportionable to the choir : But in 
 the next year, before he had laid one ftone lor the foundation, he 
 fell into the hands of a rebellious rabble (Wat Tyler, &c.) who cut 
 oft" his head on Tower-hill. This obliged the convent to undertake 
 it at their own charge, in which they were affifted by the two iuc- 
 ceeding archbifhops, Courtney and Arundel. This building was 
 finifhed in the year 1410, being about thirty years in hand, and is 
 now 369 years old. The measurement of the whole building 
 is as under. Feet, 
 
 Length from eaft to weft, within fide, is about 514 
 
 Length of the choir - - - 180 
 
 Breadth of the choir before the new wainfcotting 40 
 
 Breadth of the choir as now contracted - 3& 
 
 Length of the body to the fteps - - 178 
 
 From the firft ftep to that at the choir door - 36 
 
 Breadth of the body and its fide ifles - 7' 
 
 Height of the body to the vaulted roof - So 
 
 Lower crofs-ifle from north to fouth - 124 
 
 Upper crofs-ifle from north to fouth - 154 
 
 Height of the Oxford fteeple - - 130 
 
 Height of the Arundel fteeple - - ico 
 
 Height of the fpire which flood on the Arundel fteeple 100 
 Height of the great tower, called Bell-Harry fteeple 235 
 Height of the great tower within, to the vaulting 1 30 
 
 Area of the great tower is about - 35 by 35 
 
 Vaulting of the choir from the pavement - 7 1 
 
 Vaulting of the chapel behind the altar - 58 
 
 Square of the cloyfters - 134 by 134 
 
 What feems peculiarly beautiful in this church, is a double 
 flight of fteps which leads from the body to the choir, and to which 
 it will be difficult perhaps to find a refemblance, except in the 
 church of St. Amand, in French Flanders. 
 
 £2 The 
 
( 4 ) 
 
 The Oxford fteeplc, built by archbifhop Chicheley, the founder 
 of All Souls College in Oxford, with that faid to have been built 
 by archbifhop Arundel, are fituate at the weft end ot the body, be- 
 tween wh<ch is the great weft window. The former of thefe tow- 
 ers is a beautiful piece of Gothic architecture, and contains a peal 
 of eight mufical bells ; and one of a larger fize for the clock, which 
 is never rung, but tolled a* a pafling bell, &c. this hangs upon the 
 top. above the leaden platform, and weighs 7,500 weight. (2) The 
 north, or Arundel lteeple is a ftruftur^ very different from any other 
 part of the building near it, and it appears to be in a ruinous con- 
 dition, being full of large cracks, and in many parts ftrengthened 
 with iron work; but whether thefe cracks were occafioned by the 
 unfkilful hanging of a heavy peal of bells, (3) which were formerly 
 in this tower, or from feme other caufe, does not now appear. 
 Upon the top flood a lofty fpire, which was fo much damaged by 
 the great florin in Nov. 1 705, it was foon after obliged to be taken 
 down as low as the platform, which with the balcony now make the 
 finifhing on the top of it. The great tower, commonly called Bell 
 Harry fteeple, is a ftrurflure in the Gothic tafte, which for its juft 
 propoition and elegance, excels moft, and is inferior to none of its 
 kind. Jts ftately height, curious parapet of embattled and pierced 
 work, the four magnificent pinnacles at the corners, and the Angu- 
 lar beauty of its ornaments, cannot fail to ftrike the attention of 
 every obferver. From its top is a moft delightful view of the fine 
 country around it, while the tower itfelf inriches the profpedt of 
 every part of that country from whence it is feen. It formerly con- 
 tained fome very large bells, (4) but one of the pillars being de- 
 fective, it is likely that was the reafon why it was never furnifhed 
 with a complete peal. The only bell at prefent hangs in a wooden 
 
 (?) This is by fome called Bell Dun- 
 flan, fr m one formerly dedicated to 
 him, and given by prior Molafch. It 
 was cracked in 1758, and an attempt 
 made to repair it by loldering. 'J he ex- 
 periment Idiiecf, and it was new caft in 
 
 1762. The tenor ot the peal being 
 
 cracked was alio recaft in 177S. 
 
 (3) This peal, according to the re 
 cords of the church, confided of five 
 bells, .nd their fcveul weigh's were: 
 The fnialieft, 1646 pounds, the fecond, 
 »*72, the third, 3646,1110 fourth, 7il>8, 
 
 and the fifth, 8105 } the whole weigh- 
 ing 22857 pound - . 
 
 (4) I ; appears by a record in the Aug- 
 mentation office, that, " on the 5th of 
 July, anno 32 Henry VIII, there was 
 fold to Htnry Crips, of Circhington, 
 and Robert St. Leger, of Feverfham, 
 certain bell metal, containing twenty- 
 four thoufand, fix hundred, one quar- 
 ter, twenty and one pounds in weight; 
 being parcel of the five bells late in the 
 ^reat belt'ra^e of Chrift church in ibe 
 city of Canterbury." 
 
 frame 
 
( 5 ) 
 
 frame upon the top of the leads, called Bell Harry; it is tolled 
 every day, but never rung out, except to announce the death of 
 the King, the Queen, or the Archbifhop. 
 
 In the eaft part of the church are two fumptuous monuments of 
 Edward the Black Prince, and of Henry IV, with Joan his fecond 
 queen. The Black Prince died June 8, 1396, Stow fays at the 
 archbifhop's palace in Canterbury ; but other hiflorians fay, at the 
 King's palace in Weftminfter. He was interred in this church on 
 the feaft of St. Michael following, the Parliament attending. It is 
 a large and noble monument; the infcription, in French verfe, is 
 by letters inlaid with brafs. The corpfe of King Henry IV. was 
 brought by water to Faveriham, and thence by land to Canterbury, 
 whei;e his funeral was performed with great folemnity, his fon, K. 
 Henry V. and the nobility being prefent. In his will, made about 
 three years before his death, are thefe words : Andnvhat tym it liketb 
 God of his mercy for to tak me to hjm, the body for to be buried in the 
 church of Canterbury. Alfo y de'vyfe and ordeyn, that there be a chaun- 
 tre perpetual of tiuey precjlis for to fing and prav for my Joul in the 
 afor e f ay d church <p/"Canterbtjr y, in Joch place and aftyr foch ordi- 
 nanfe as hit feemeth bejl to my coufin of Canterbury. 
 
 Of the archbifhops, who from Auguftine to Pole, are feventy in 
 number, forty-eight were buried in this church, and twenty-one in 
 other places, befides Cranmer, whofe body was confumed in the 
 flames. Cardinal Pole was the laft that was buried here, it being 
 remarkable, that no archbifhop has been interred in his cathedral 
 fince the reformation, which has given the papifts occafion to fay, 
 that St. Thomas Becket will not fuffer it. Under the choir is a 
 fpacious church, granted in the time of Queen Elizabeth to eighteen 
 families of French refugees, and ufed by their defcendants ever 
 fince. 
 
 The priory of Chrift Church being diffolved by a commifiion, 
 dated March 20, 31 Henry VIII; two years after, the King crea- 
 ted by letters patent a new fociety, confiding of a dean, an arch- 
 deacon, and twelve prebendaries, three of whom are in the archbi- 
 fhop's nomination, and the reft in the king's. There are, befides, 
 fix preachers (appointed by the archbTihop) fix minor canons, 
 twelve lay-clerks and ten choiriflers. King Henry VIII, in 1^30, 
 founded alfo a grammar fchooJ, confiding of two mailers, and fifty 
 fcholars. 
 
 The 
 
( 6 ) 
 
 The prefent Dean is 
 
 The Hon. and Rev. James Cornwallis, 
 
 d. l. 1775 
 
 Archdeacon, 
 
 Rev. Wm. Backdoufe, d. d. 1771 
 
 Picbe^daries, 
 •Rev. Tho. Tanner, d. d. (4) 1745 
 Wm. Tattoo, d. d. (9) 1754 
 Rich. Su:ton, d. p. (3) 1765 
 Lynford OM, r>. r. (1 ■) r 766 
 Hencav;e Dering, d.d. (8) 1766 
 *John benfon, n. d. (i) 1767 
 •Ceo. i eikJey, d. l. (6) 176S 
 Bennct Storer, d. r. (1) 1769 
 Rich. Palmer, r>. d. (5) 1769 
 Wm.Buford, d.d. (7) 1770 
 Rich. Lucas, d.d. (11)1775 
 
 E. Buckworth, d. l. (12)1775 
 
 Thofe muked * are in the gift of the 
 archfoilhop, and the others in the 
 gift of the King. 
 
 Ths figure after each prebendary fhews 
 the number of the Hail. 
 
 Aud tor, 
 Edward Benfon. 
 
 Preacher*, 
 Nominated by the Archhifhop: their 
 office is to preach in the cathedral, 
 on eleven holidajs in every year. 
 Rev. R. Gunfley Ayerft, m. a. 1763 
 George Hearne, - . 1764 
 
 John Duncombe, m. A. 1766 
 Thomas Pennington, d. n. 1771 
 Ofmund Beauvoir, m. a. 1773 
 William Strong, - - tyji 
 
 Minor Canons, 
 Appointed by the Dean and Chapter. 
 Rev. Francis Gregory, m. a. 1746 
 John Airfon, m. a. 1749 
 
 Thomas Freeman, m. a. 1763 
 Jofhua Dix, m. a. 1773 
 
 James Ford, b. a. 1777 
 
 Wm. Chafy, m. a. 1777 
 
 Matters of the King's School, appointed 
 by the Dean and Chapter, (founded 
 A. D. 1530) 
 
 Upper Mafter, 
 Rev. Ofmund Beauvoir, m. a. 1750 
 
 Second Mafter, 
 Mr. John Tucker, b. a. 1779 
 
 Organifl and Mafter of the Cboirifters 
 Mr. Samuel Porter 1757 
 
 Having fhown how often this venerable piece of architecture has 
 fuffered by fire, and its improvements fince, we mall now take a 
 fyrvey of the monuments, &c. beginning in the fouth ifle of the 
 aula or nave, on the entrance at the fouth-weft door, a few paces 
 from which is a plain, but neat piece of white oval marble, fixed 
 againft the wall, whereon is an infeription. (5) 
 
 Some little diftance from this monument, under the fifth window 
 from the fouth-weft door, is a fmall chapel, formerly the chauntry 
 of the lady Joan Brenchley, who in the year after her hufband's 
 death, viz. 1447, founded it, and eretted an altar in it to St. John 
 Baptift, with leave of the prior and convent : The revenues of it 
 were, at the reformation, feized into the king's hands ; and the 
 chapel, no longer ufed, fell into decay, was filled with rubbifh and 
 
 (5) Near this place 
 
 lies the body of JOHN PORTER, 
 
 of Wandfworth, in the county of Surry, 
 
 Efquire, 
 
 He departed this life 
 
 the szd March, 1764, aged 67. 
 
 He married CATHERINE, 
 
 Daughter of 
 
 Lieut. General GEORGE SUTTON, 
 
 by whom he left 
 
 one Son and five Daughters. 
 
 Rtjuitjiat in face. 
 
 in 
 
C 7 ) 
 
 in a manner falling ; till about the year 1600, Dean Nevil cleanfed 
 and beautified it, defigning it a burial-place for himfelf and family : 
 Everfinceit has taken its name from him, and been called Nevil'a 
 chapel : In it are the following monuments. 
 
 On the ealt fide a very handfome marble monument, with a pe- 
 diment fupported by three Corinthian pillar?, and under one arch 
 of it, is the effigy of Dr. Nevil the Dean, in his habit, kneeling 
 at a reading defk. (6) 
 
 (6) INSCRIPTION. 
 
 THOM^E NEVILLO, Sacra? Theolo- 
 gian Dodlori Prxftantiflimo : 
 
 Ortu illuftri ; pietate infigni; ingenio 
 Optimo j eruditione haud vulgari, mori- 
 bus fuaviffimis, et f,e£tatiflimo 1 heolo- 
 go: digniffirais, in flore prima? indolis 
 (Ca N-TABRiGi/tin Aula Pem- 
 brochiana ad annos fere quinde- 
 cim) omnibus iis ornamentis quibus 
 adolefcentior aetas illuflrari folet, egre- 
 gic perpolitoj Magdalensis Col- 
 legii, in eadem Academia (quod et or- 
 navit, & Audio atque induftria fua, 
 quoad potuic, locupletavit) praefedto ; 
 gratiofifiimae Reginas Elizabeth* 
 (cujus a facris fuit) excellentilTimi ju- 
 dicii Principi, ob ftngulares & veielau- 
 dabiles animi dotes, accept. flimo} Pe- 
 troburghensis Ecclefis (cui ad 
 annos o&o, haud mediocri cum laude, 
 prsefuit) Decano eminentilTimo : Sacra? 
 fc individual Tkinitatis Coilegii, 
 jam non ejus Academi.e tantum, fed 
 totius Europ.e, celeberrimi (labantis 
 non ita pridem & prope cadentis> nee 
 non ob veterem ftru£turam mala cohae- 
 rentis, ipfius confilio, aufpiciis, atque 
 aere etiam fuo liberaliffime collato, dif- 
 je£lis male pofitis aedificiis, atque in 
 elegantiorem formam redaftis $ viio 
 areifque vetenbus direftis & ampliatis, 
 novis pulcherrime conititutis, auftis, or- 
 natis ad hanc, qua nunc confpicitur, ex- 
 imiam pulchritudinem evecli) Mod^ra- 
 toii, AmpliftcatCii, Inftauratori ie!i- 
 cilFimoj hujtis denique Ecclefiae, quam 
 fumma zquitate, rura modeftia, ndc 
 fm^ulari, ad annos [l8] gubernavit, 
 
 In ENGLISH. 
 
 To the moft Excellent THOMAS 
 NEVIL, D. D. 
 Illuftrious by birth, remarkable for 
 piety, of extraordinary genius and un- 
 common learning ; ot the moll engag- 
 ing temper, and a worthy and ap- 
 proved divine. In his early youih (being 
 at Cambridge in Pe mbboke hall, 
 where he continued fifteen years) he 
 was embellifhed with ail the improve- 
 ments which decorate the younger year* 
 of life, and in that Univerlity, (which 
 he adorned and enriched to his utmofl: 
 power, by his ttudies and induftry) he 
 was afterward » mailer of Magdaldt 
 College; highly efteemed by the moS 
 gracious I^Euzabith, a Princefs of 
 moft excellent judgment, to whom he 
 was chaplain, for his fingular and wor- 
 thy endowments of mind : Dean of the 
 cathedral Church of Peter borough, 
 over which he prefided with great repu- 
 tation eight ears ; of the College of the 
 holy and undivided Tunitv, now not 
 only the moil renowned of that Univer- 
 fity, but of all Europe (which was de- 
 cayed and near falling, and through age 
 incoherent and irregular, by his advice, 
 favour, and liberal gift of money, the 
 ill-difpoled buildings being taken down 
 and rebuilt in a more elegant form ; the 
 ways, and ancient courts, made regular, 
 and enlarged by new and excellent im- 
 provements and ornaments, and brought 
 to the remarkable beauty it now bear*) 
 Governor, Enlarger, and moft happy Re- 
 storer j laftly, of this church, which he 
 governed ("18] years with ftridt juftice, 
 extraordinary naodefty, and finguhr in- 
 tegrity, 
 
( 
 
 ) 
 
 Under the other arch, that of his brother, Alexander Ncvil, 
 efq; in armour, in the fame devout pofture. (7) 
 
 Derano rnoderatiflimo, integerr'mo Am- 
 plificatori : Hoc monumentum, memo- 
 riae ergo, Virtus & Hofos, inv-ta mor- 
 te, fuii quafi manibus conftruxere.— 
 Obiit Anno Domini [1615] /Etatis 
 fuae menfis [M.ii] die [fe- 
 
 cundo.J Atque in hie capella, quam 
 (dum vixit) libi ac fuis adornavit, non 
 line ingenti fuorum mtrrore, huic tu- 
 mulo ilUtus, advenientis Domini noftri, 
 Jefu Chrifti, Gratiam & Gloriam fem- 
 piternam expectat. 
 
 £tiam veni, Damir.e Jefu, veni cito. 
 
 (7) INSCRIPTION. 
 
 Dcpofitum ALEXANDRI NEVIL, 
 Armigeri, 
 
 Quxris qui fuerim ! audi. 
 
 Alexander Nivillus, Ri- 
 chard i Nevilli, Armigeri, ex 
 nobili et pcrantiqaa Nevillorum 
 Familia oriundi Se Ann.* Man- 
 •ielii, Gualteri M antelii, Equitis 
 auriti filix, filius natu maximus. Vixi 
 dum vixi Deo: Mihi, Meis: Mufarum 
 cultor afliduus : Contemptor Mundi : 
 Candidatus Cccli : Servus Jefu Chrifti 
 indigniflimus. En qui fuerim ! Quxris 
 qui fim ? dicam Sc id quod. Dimi- 
 dium mei (mortale fcilicet & interitui 
 obnoxium) labefeci: ./Etas, dejecit Mor- 
 bus, abripuit Mors, et in hunc quern 
 vidcs carcerem, pr-idx veluti fuss me- 
 tuens, abftrufit. Pars autem ilia mei 
 melior, atque fuperftes Chrifto la:ta- 
 bunda adhxret, furentique jam morti, 
 & mortalitaiis men exuvias (ut cernis) 
 clanculum devoranti Chrifto vindice 
 mortem intentat; utraque l'ummae Ma- 
 jeftatis fccundum adventum expectat : 
 Utraque (quum juftitiae Sol ille mag- 
 nus mort.ios ac vivos judicaturus toti 
 Teirarum orbi dcnuo illuxcrit) refur- 
 
 tegrity, a moft difcreetDean and upright 
 improver: This monument, Virtue and 
 Honour, in fpite of death, have, as it 
 were, with their own hands, erecled to 
 hismemoi). He died in the year 1615, 
 aged on the fecond day of 
 
 May, and in this chapel, which, while 
 he lived, he embelliihed for himfelf and 
 his family, he (not without being much 
 lamented by all that knew him) wai 
 buried under this tomb, and expecls, at 
 the coming of our Lord Jefus Chnrt, 
 Favour and eternal Glory. 
 
 Come, Lord Jefus, come quickly. 
 
 In ENGLISH. 
 Here lies the Body of ALEXANDER 
 
 NEVIL, Elq; 
 If you would learn what I was! know. 
 Alexander NEViL,e)deft fon of 
 Richard Nevil, efq; of the noble 
 and ancient family of the Nevus, and 
 Ann Man tel, daughter of Sir Walter 
 Mantel, Knt. While living I lived to 
 God, myfelf, and my friends An un- 
 wearied and conftant follower of learn- 
 ing ; a Defpiier of the World, a Candi- 
 date of Heaven, an unworthy Servant of 
 Jefus Chrift. Behold what I was! If 
 you would learn what I am, that I will 
 inform ycu likewife. The one part of 
 me (that which was mortal and fubjeft 
 toperifh) Agedecayed,nifeafe oppreifed, 
 and Death at length feized ; and being 
 fearful of lofir.g his prey, thruft it into 
 this prifon which you fee; but my other 
 and better part, being immortal, is 
 joined in happinefs to Chrift, and de- 
 fies death (through Chrift's power) tho' 
 he rages and (as you may perceive) 
 wafles and tears in pieces the remains 
 of my mortality. And both expecl the 
 fecond coming of his heavenly Majefty, 
 and botn (when that great Sunof Rieht- 
 eoufnefs (hall enlighten the Earth, and 
 come at leng'h to judge both the quick 
 and the dead) ihall be partakers cf a 
 glorious 
 
( 9 ) 
 
 In the fame chapel is a monument for Richard Nevil, efq; and 
 Anne his wife, father and mother of Dean Nevil, and for Thomas 
 Nevil, their fon. (8) 
 
 redtionis & imm"rtalitatis Gloria, quam, 
 mihi, miferritrio peccatori, redemptor 
 humani generis Deus pretiociffimo fuo 
 fanguine acquifit, sternum pr<eferve- 
 tnr: In hac fpe Vixi ; in hac fpe & 
 fide, invita Carne, Mundo, Morte, Di- 
 abolo, Obii Anno JEiaUs meae, In- 
 carnati Chrifti 1614, Mends, Oclcb.4. 
 Sat. eft, habeas (O bone) qua me 
 dicere te fciie par ell. Vale. 
 
 O Deus ! In Te falutis fpem pofui mes ; 
 fac, me perennis ne pudor obruat. 
 
 Ubi tua, o Mors, Victoria! 
 
 Ubi tuus, oSepuIchrum, Stimulus! 
 
 INSCRIPTION 
 
 On the fide of the tabic, whereon his 
 book lies, 
 Depodtum Alex and r i Ne villi,&c. 
 Cur furis incaffum Mors! 
 
 Cur premis invidia, 
 Quem mox reftituet Chriflus ; 
 
 Quo red",ir.;f, peris. 
 Ecce, venio cito, et merces mea mecum 
 
 eft. 
 
 (S) INSCRIPTION. 
 Votum /Eternit3s. 
 Augusti 3, 1599, RlCHARDO 
 Nevjllo, Armigero, Ann.*, -pe 
 t'xori ejus Th om a s Nev 1 l l us, hu- 
 jus Ecc'eda Decanus, Flius, tarn Fa- 
 tri optiirro, quam Matri duiciiiimas om- 
 n.bus amotis atque obfervantix nex'bus 
 divindtiflimus ; nee non Thom^ Ne- 
 vil lo fratri, qui in eodem tumulo con- 
 qmefcit, chariiTimo, hoc pietads atque 
 obfequii Monumeiiturn, perpetus Me- 
 moriae ergo, pofuit. 
 
 .Richareus Niviilus, D. 
 Ojrtns fui fedem bab'iit Con.ita.'urri 
 Not tin cram in w; Patrem Fratrem- 
 
 glorious refurredtion and immortality, 
 which God, the Redeemer of mankind, 
 purchafed with his moft precious blood, 
 for me a moll miferable finner: In this 
 hope I lived, and in it (in fpite of the 
 Fleih, the World, Death, and the Devil) 
 I die, in the Year of my Age — in the 
 year of Chrift's Incarnation, 16 14, the 
 4th of Odober. 'Tis fufficient (good 
 fpedtator) to know what I inform you. 
 Farewell. 
 
 O God ! in thee have I put my truft, 
 fufl'er not eternal fhame to cover me. 
 
 O Death, where is thy vidtory ? 
 O Grave, where is thy fting ? 
 
 In ENGLISH. 
 
 The body of AlexanderNkvil, tec. 
 
 Death, wherefore do you rage ! 
 Why opprefs with your malice 
 
 Whom Chrift will fhortly reftore ; 
 At whofe return you are deftroy'd. 
 
 Behold, I come quickly, and my re- 
 ward is with me. 
 
 (2) In ENGLISH. 
 Eternity is my Wifli. 
 
 August 3, 1599, Thomas Nevil, 
 Dean of this Church, ejected this Mo- 
 nument ot hi: duty and love, to theptr» 
 pettial Memory of the heft of Fathers, 
 and moft indulgent Mother, Richard 
 Nevil, efq; and Anne his Wife, 
 bound thereto by firidt love and regard, 
 as likewife to his dear Brother Tho- 
 ma.s Nevil, who refts in tbe fame 
 tomb with them. 
 
 Richard Nevil, 
 Wis born in Nottinghamshire ; 
 bis Father VlA eider Brother were Sir 
 
 que 
 
( io ) 
 
 Very near die door of Dr. Nevil's chapel, againfl the wall, is aa 
 elegmt monument in white marble, executed by Ryforack, repre- 
 fenting two Boys, one of whom is leaning on a broken pillar, and 
 holding a ferpent with its tail in its mouth, the emblem of eter- 
 nity. The other has in his hand a flaming heart. (9) 
 
 qtie natu maximum Alexandrum & 
 Anthokidm, auratos Milites. Ani- 
 mo fuit geneiofo & vere Chriftuno : 
 Jjvenis aulae vixit; Senior factus, ul- 
 timam provedtioris actatis partem C/N- 
 Tvarije perhonefie ac laudabiliter 
 tranfegit. Uxorem duxit An nam Dn. 
 Gualteri Mantilli Equitis au- 
 Nti et Dn Ma«ca«it* Matrons 
 eximiac (quae primum defun£io eodem 
 
 CUALT ERO, Dn. G U L I E L M O 
 
 H a v l t, dein Dn. Jacodo Hut- 
 tio Equiti denupfit) filiam, Mulirren 
 boni aemulam nrwli refciam, vanitatum 
 contemtricem, fincerae charitatis rffi- 
 eiis mirifice intentam ; MARi.*inftar 
 id Jefu pedes jueiter fedentem ; rarum 
 denique tarn invita quam in morte Fi- 
 dci, Pudoris, Innocent iae, Pietatis, ex- 
 emplum. 
 
 (9) INSCRIPTION. 
 
 H. S. E. Joannes Sympson, 
 
 Armiger, 
 
 Quern unicum pater Joannes, Juridi- 
 
 <us, NicoLni prin;ogenitus 
 
 Superllitem reliqutt: 
 
 Cuijuveni, indoles optima, folertiaque 
 
 indefefia 
 
 Bonartim artium, praifertim Medicine, 
 
 In Acailemia Oxon. Coiiegio Merton. 
 
 Audits facilem aperuere viam : 
 
 A vita? inftltuto feliciter inito, 
 
 Privatae fcilicet if.rifque praecipue oc- 
 
 cupatae, 
 
 Lapfa nunquam Viro confuetudo 
 
 clericxtr, 
 
 Non ita tamen ut qui f;bi foli vixerit, 
 
 Homo enim perpaucornm hominum nul- 
 
 lifque Officiis impar 
 
 Mariti, Patris, Amici, Civis, 
 
 Alexander and Sir Anthony 
 NrviL, Knights. He had a generous 
 and truly ChriAian Soul ; his Youth he 
 fpenl at court, and when grown old, 
 the decline of life at Canter bur y , 
 with honour and efteem. He married 
 Ann, daughter of Sir Walter Man- 
 tel, Knight, and the Lady Marga- 
 ret an excellent Matron, (who, after 
 Sir Walter's death, married Sir 
 Wm.Havlt; and laftly, Sir James 
 Hales, Kn'ght) a Woman emulous of 
 good, ignorant of evil, a defpifer of va- 
 nity, very intent on offices of fincere 
 charity, fitting like Mary constantly »t 
 Jefus's feet; laftly, both in life and 
 death, a fingular inftance of Faith, Mo- 
 defty, Innocence and Piety. 
 
 (9) In E N G L I S H. 
 
 Here lies the body of John Sympson, 
 
 Efquire, 
 
 The only furviving Ion of John, 
 
 a Lawyer, 
 
 Thefirft born of Ni chol asSympson , 
 
 A rood fertile genius, and indefatigable 
 
 quicknefs of parts, 
 
 Opened to him, when a youth, 
 
 An eafy path to the ftudy of the liberal 
 
 art«, and particularly Phyfic, 
 
 At Merton Col. Oxford. 
 
 When a man, 
 
 He never deviated from thecourfeof 
 
 Life he had (0 happily begun, 
 
 That is, a private one. 
 
 And chiefly addicled to letters, 
 
 Yet he did not live for himfelf alone; 
 
 For he was equalled by few, 
 
 and equal to every Duty of 
 
 A Hufijand, Father, Friend and Citizen, 
 
 Pietatc 
 
( II ) 
 
 A little diftance from this monument, againft the wall, is one 
 with an inscription (o), the letters of which are much defaced by 
 age, and are fcarce legible. 
 
 Having furveyed the monuments in the fouth ifle of the nave, we 
 return to thofe in the north ifle. 
 
 Oppofite the monument of John Porter, efq; againft the north 
 wall, is a monument for Thomas Sturman, who died the 15th of 
 January, 1632(1), 
 
 Pietatefingulari ; moribus antiquis,dig- 
 
 nitare quudf.m infita, 
 
 Nee non fermonu affabilitate fuaviflima, 
 
 Pro re nata partes primas fuftinere 
 
 calluit. 
 
 Conjugi benemerenti 3 Junii 5748, 
 
 JEt. 63. 
 
 Defun&o Maria P. C. 
 
 Such were his lingular piety, 
 
 Priftine manners, natural dignity, and 
 
 fweet affability of fpeech. 
 
 To her moll wort'iy hufhand, 
 
 Deceafed the 3d of June, 174S, aged 6-, 
 
 His Wife Mar y 
 
 Kas confecrated this Monument. 
 
 (o) He that's imprifon'd in this narrow room, 
 Wcr't not for cuftom, needs nor verfe nor tomb j 
 Nor ran from thefe a memory be lent 
 To him who muft be his tomb's monument. 
 And by the virtue of his lafting fame, 
 Muft make his tomb live long, not it his name ; 
 For when this gaudy Monument is gone, 
 Children of ih' unborn world fhall fpy the ftone 
 That covers him, and to their fellows cry, 
 'Tis here, 'tis hereabout, Berkeley does lie. 
 To build his tomb then is not thought fa fafe, 
 Whofe virtue muft outlive his epitaph. 
 
 (1) Thomas Sturman 
 Reverendis Dri Johan Boys & Dri 
 Isaac Bargr age hujus Cathaedralis 
 Ecclefue Decanis, aRationibus, Fidelis 
 Oeconomi Exemplar, hie (Prope) jacet. 
 Obiit 15 Jan. Anno Salutis 1632. 
 
 Probi hominis (optime fibi noti) 
 Epitaphium Saxeum fere obliteratum 
 D. Johan Bargr ave Vice Decanus, 
 diftorum Decanorum Nepos, Tranfcri- 
 bendum fuper aurichaleum et reponen- 
 dum curavit Anno Salutis 1679. 
 
 Thomas Sturman 
 Auditor to the Reverend Dr. Joh* 
 Boys, and Dr. I^ac Bargr avf, 
 Deans of this Cathedral Church, and 
 a pattern of fidelity and Oeconomy, lies 
 near this place. He died January 15, 
 1632. 
 
 Dr. John Bar crave, Vice-Dean, 
 grandfon of the above-mentioned Deans, 
 caufed the Epitaph on ftone of this 
 worthy man (well known to him) be- 
 ing almoft obliterated, to be replaced 
 and new gilt, 1679. 
 
 C a 
 
 At 
 
( 12 ) 
 
 At a fmall diftance from this monument lies buried Orlando Gib- 
 tons, who was born at Cambridge, and educated in the Univerfity 
 of Oxford; where, in 1622, he fupplicated for his degree at 
 Doctor of Mufic, but whether he was admitted does not appear. 
 He was an excellent muiician, c!reemed in that time, and compo- 
 sed feveral church fervices and anthems, and other mufical pieces. 
 He was made Organift of the King's chapel, and being commanded 
 to attend the King's nuptials at Canterbury, he died here of the 
 fmall-pox, being then about 43 years old. TJiere is a monument 
 againft the wall for him. (2). 
 
 At a little diftance, againft the wall, is a ftone table, for Ad p i a n 
 Saravia, D. D. (3). 
 
 (*) INSCRIPTION. 
 
 Or lando Gibbons Cantabri- 
 PIJB inter Mufas He Mulicam, furae 
 R. Capellae Organiftae, Sphaerarum har- 
 monix digicorum, pulfu aemi:lo Can- 
 tionum compluriu!ii quxque cum non 
 canerit minus quam eanuntur c?nditori ; 
 Viro integerrimo Sc cujus vita cum arte 
 fuaviiTirais rruribus concordifTime cer- 
 tavitj ad nupt. C. R. cum M. B. Do- 
 robern, accito idtuque heu fmguinis 
 erudo & crudli iato extinclo, choroque 
 calefii tianfcripto die Pentecostes 
 A. C. N. M i) ex xv. Eilzabzhta con- 
 jux, feptemque ex eo liberorum parens, 
 tanti >ix doloris luperfics, mcrentillimo 
 mcer-'ntiflima P. vixit A. M. D.* 
 
 * Sc. — Annos— Me.-.fes — Dies 
 
 (3) INSCRIPTION. 
 
 Dileclo Conjugi Hadr UNO & Sa- 
 ■ AYIA Marcareta Wiits, ad- 
 hue luperftes, qua cum ille nuptias fe- 
 cundo iniit, Annofque fex pic & fcli- 
 rker vixit, Memoriale hoc fincerum 
 licet ex guum amoris fui quafi pignus 
 ponendum curavit : Fuit is dum vixit 
 Theolr e/Cgjus, C.itbedralis 
 
 hujus Fcclei as Prebendarius, meritifli- 
 mus vir, in omni liter arum genere ex:r»i- 
 us, uictatc, gravitate, fuavitate morum in ■ 
 
 (z) In ENGLISH. 
 To Orlando Gibbons of Cam- 
 bridge, born among the Mules and 
 Mufir k ; Organift of the Ro al Chapel, 
 emuldtii g by the touch of his fingers 
 ihe harmony of ti.e Spheres ; Compofer 
 of many Hyinns, which found his 
 praile no Jefs than that c( his Maker : 
 A man of integrity, who/it manner of 
 life, and fwectocfi of temper, vicu with 
 that of h'u art j being lent for to Can- 
 terbury, to attend the nuptuls of King 
 Charles and his Queen, he cied of the 
 fmall pcx, and was conveyed to the 
 heavenly t. hoir on Whitfunaay, in the 
 year 1C23,. Elizabeth, his «it"e, 
 who bore him feven children, little able 
 to furvivc fuch a loA, to her moft iie- 
 feiviut hufhand hath, with tesrs, erec- 
 ted this monument. He lived — \( >:> 
 — montht —days. 
 
 (3) In ENGLISH. 
 
 To her beloved hufbanj, Adrian 
 de Saravia Margaret Wurs, 
 llill livine, his fecond wife, with whom 
 he lived pioufly and happily fix years, 
 placed this fincere though fmall memo- 
 rial as a pledge of her love. He was 
 in his life time an excellent Doelor of 
 Divinity, a Prebendary of this Cathe- 
 dral Church, a molt worthy man, emi- 
 nent in all kinds of learning, icmarka. 
 fele for piety, gravity, fwcetnefs of man- 
 figrut > 
 
( <3 ) 
 
 On his graveftonc was an infcription, (4) now in great meafure 
 defaced. 
 
 Of this learned and remarkable perfon, it will be neceflary to 
 give fome particular account. After he was invited to the Univer- 
 fity of Leyden, and incorporated Doctor in Divinity, about the 
 year 1582 he became preacher to the French church there; and 
 about five or fix years after came into England, and taught fchool 
 in feveral places, particularly the free-fchool at Southampton ; but 
 growing in eiteem for his learning, he was preferred to be Preben- 
 dary of Gloucefter, then to a Prebend in this church ; and upon 
 Dr. Andrews's preferment to the Deanry of Wellminlter, he fuc- 
 ceeded him as Prebendary of that church. While he lived at Can- 
 terbury, he was well known to Mr. Hooker, author of the Eccle- 
 fiaftical Polity ; he was in efteem with Archbifhop Whirgift, and 
 no fmall oppofer of Theodore Beza, and the Minifters of the Low 
 Countries. He wrote againft Beza in defence of Epifcopacy, when 
 that perfon onicioufly interfered with our church affairs, by advifing 
 the Chancellor of Scotland to abrogate it ; he took much pains in 
 translating the Bible, in the beginning of the reign of King James, 
 and wrote feveral treatifes, as, De di<verfes miniftrorum E-vangelii 
 gradibus. — In Englifh ; Of the divers Degrees of the Minifters 
 of the Go/pel. — Of the Honour which is due to the Priefts and Prelates 
 of the Church — Of Sacrilege and the Punijhment thereof — Of Chrif- 
 tian Obedience to Princes. His works were collected together, and 
 printed at London, in the year 161 1. 
 
 /ignis ; fcriptis clarus, fide planus, & 
 bsiiis Opcribus dives vilde, iiatio,'- i. - 
 ga, natus Hedins Auefiai P-exit 
 quondam Lug dun 1 Batavorwn, An- 
 gli am petiit primo fub initium Rcgni 
 beatx Memoriae El i z a z eth«, Doe- 
 tor (Lugduni ante creams) Ox jn ijsl 
 poft incorporatus cit. 
 
 In meraoria sterna erit Juftus, 16 12. 
 
 (4) INSCRIPTION. 
 Hie inhumata jacent corpora Adri- 
 ani Saravia, eique prius nuptje Ca- 
 therine D'alles ; obiit il!e phcide 
 in Domino, Anno /Etatis fue 81. fa- 
 lutis noftiae 1612, Jan. 25. Hxc 2 
 Feb. 1605, Anno a nuptiis 15. 
 
 ners; diftinguifhed by his writings, or- 
 thodox in his faith, and rich in good 
 works; a native of the Low Coun- 
 tries, born at Hedin, in Artois. 
 He was formerly regent at Leyden 5 he 
 ritft came to England at the beginning 
 of the reign of Elirabcth of bleffed 
 Memory. Having before been created 
 Do£lor at Leyden ; he was afterwards 
 incorporated at Oxford. The right- 
 eous fhall be had in everlafting remem- 
 brance, 1 61 2. 
 
 (4) In ENGLISH. 
 Here He interred the bodies of Apr i- 
 an Saravia, and his firft wife Ca- 
 therine D'allez. He calmly died 
 in the Lord, in the 82d year of his age, 
 Tan. 25, 1612; fhe Feb. 2, 1605, hav- 
 ing been married 15 years. 
 
 A few 
 
c m ) 
 
 A few paces from the ftone table of Dr. Saravia, on an handfome 
 marble monument adjoining to the wall, is the following inferip- 
 tion for Sir John Boys, knt. ($) 
 
 This monument was abufed in the grand rebellion, but was af- 
 terwards repaired by Grotius Boys as appeared by the infeription 
 upon a table behind a child's cradle, which was broken away. (6) 
 
 Next to this monument of Sir John Boys. knt. is one for Dr. 
 Turner, Prebendary of this church, and Vicar of Greenwich. (7) 
 
 (5) INSCRIPTION. 
 
 Tohanni Boys e familia de Fred- 
 vile, Equiti Aurato, juris Angli- 
 can- 1 confuliiffimo, quinque ArcHe 
 pifcopis Cantuarije in ternporalibus 
 Senefchalio, tribus quinque portuum 
 curtodibus in eorum Canceliaria Affef- 
 fori, Civitatis Cantuarije Tlecorda- 
 tori, Hospitalis Jesu in Suburbio 
 Fundatori, viro pietate, gravitate, & 
 manfuetudine iir.gulari : Quiduas duxit 
 Uxorcs, Dorotheam Pawley, & 
 Janam Walker, fed nulla prole re- 
 litfu, Chrillo Servatori devotam Ani- 
 mim reddidit Hie xxviii Augusti, 
 Anno falutii 1612, aetatis Tux 77. 
 
 (6) INSCRIPTION. 
 
 Digniffimi viri MNHMO^rNHN 
 inftaoravit Ds. Grotius Boys, qui 
 maluit hoc fore parentis fui quam belli 
 piulquam civilis (quod nee morfuis pe- 
 percit) Monumentum ; is apud Bets- 
 anger iu m fuum fepultus cum avir, 
 proavifque, & Patre Galf rido Boys, 
 Arm. hie non oblivifccndo. Qui* defi- 
 derio fit pudor aut modus tarn chari 
 dofUque capitis ? Dubium fane, utrum 
 magis fuavitate morum, an Uteris poli- 
 tioribus eniteret: Amicorum deliciae & 
 dolor : Caeteras laudes filet quas non 
 eapit nimis anguflum marmor. 
 
 ( 7 ) INSCRIPTION. 
 
 Prope hoc marmor quod mortale ha- 
 boit reliquit Vir pieute, do&rir.a, fc 
 morum fuavitate infignij, Johannes 
 Turner, S. T. P. Qui in defeaden- 
 
 (5) U ENGLISH. 
 
 To Sir John Boys, of the family 
 ofFHEDViLE, Knight, a learned Law- 
 yer; Steward of the temporalities to 
 rive Archbi/hop* of Canterbury ; 
 Affeffor in this Court to three Wardeni 
 cf the Cirque Pons, Recorder of the 
 City of Canterbury ; Founder of 
 Jesus HosriTAL in the Suburbs} a 
 man of Angular piety, gravity and mild- 
 nefs: He married two Wives, Doro- 
 thy Pawley, and Jane Walker, 
 but leaving no child, he reftored his de- 
 voted Soul to Chriit his Saviour, Au- 
 gust 28, 1612, aged 77. 
 
 (6) In ENGLISH. 
 Grotius Boys renewed the Me- 
 morial of this moft worthy Man, 
 chufing that this fhonld rather be the 
 Monument of his relation than cf that 
 more than civil war which fpared not 
 even the dead : He was buried at his 
 feat of Betshanger, with his ancef- 
 tors and his Father Geoffry Boys, 
 Efq; here, not to be forgotten. Can we 
 ever blufh or ceafe to mourn for one fo 
 beloved and learned ? It is indeed doubt- 
 ful whether he moft excelled in fweet- 
 nefs of manners, or in polite literature; 
 the delight and grief of his friends. As 
 to his other praife the too fcanty mar- 
 ble is filent and cannot contain them. 
 
 (7) In ENGLISH. 
 
 Near this marble refts all that is mor- 
 tal of John Turner, D. D. a man 
 for piety, learning, and fweetnefs of 
 manners remaikable; an indefatigable 
 
 dii 
 
( is ) 
 
 At a Utile diilance from this monument is a tomb-ftone for 
 Doftor Boys, of Fredville, and his fecond daughter, Elizabeth 
 Bays. (8) 
 
 dis Ecdefiae Anclicanx Juribus ftre- 
 nuum fe geiTit Athletam, in alferenda 
 Doitrina Redemptionis ^alvatoris nortri 
 Myftam pium, in debito Regi obfequio 
 prsei'tando fubditum fidelem. Utox- 
 iter in Com. Stafford, eum naf- 
 centem cunis excopit Anno Domini 
 mdclx Die xvi Novembris, Schola 
 Patria in primis Doftrinae Elementis 
 erudivit ; Collegium S. S. Trinit. Can- 
 tab, ad penitiora fcientiarum adita in- 
 veftigandaadmiffum Brabeis & Honori- 
 bus auxit : Quern Schola in E r ica Ni- 
 gra Ludimagiftrum Doctiflimusn, Ec- 
 clefia ad Orphano (rophium aedis Chrif- 
 ti Lond : Praeconem difertiHimum,GRE- 
 uovicum Paf;orem fidtdi'Tirr.um, ha- 
 buit ; cui Canonicatum in Ecclefia Ca- 
 thedrali Lincoln. Gratia Epifcop:, 
 ia Metropolitica Cantuarif.nsi, Re- 
 gia afiignavit. Uxortm duxerat Saram 
 Tucker, Clerici in agro Suffolci- 
 ensi filiam. Ex qua filium & filias 
 duas genuit : Tandsm cum nihil in re- 
 bus humanis firmum &z ftabile, Febri 
 correptus in d.<mo fua Cantuarien- 
 si, fexagenzria major, ex'icrr.um obii: 
 Diem, Anno Repa.atje Sal till a 1720. 
 7 Decemb. Vidua hoc Pietatis Monu- 
 mentum pofuit. 
 
 (8) INSCRIPTION. 
 
 Hie requieicit Corpus Ds. Thomx 
 Boys de Fredeville, qui Uxorerci 
 duxit Filiam Richardi Rogers, S. 
 T. P. hojjs Ecclefise Decani & Archi- 
 epifcopi Cantuarisnsis Saffraganij 
 Vir fui fea.H Sc Antiqu;e Famil'ae De- 
 cus ; caereris obliterate, hoc tantum ex 
 Epiiaphio commemorandum reftat : In 
 memoria asterna erit Juftus. Sub ecdera 
 tumulo conditur quod morta!e elt Do- 
 rr.ina? Elizabeths Boys, Filias na- 
 tu fe^undae Dni. Gulsei-mi Boys, 
 Eq. Aurati, M. D. Vin prscdicti !'ro- 
 nepotis. Ob. anr.o aaluus MDCCXXif, 
 set. xkiii. 
 
 afi"ertor of the Rights of the Church of 
 England, the Doctrine of the Re- 
 demption of our Blelled Savi 
 faithful fubjeft and truly loyal to his 
 Prince; to whom Utoxeter, in the 
 County of Stafford ea.e birth, 
 Nov. 16, 1660, whom a country fchool 
 inftrutted in the firft Rudiments of 
 Learning; and Trinity College, Cam- 
 bridge, admitting him to the inmoit 
 recedes of fcience, adorned him with; 
 Rewards and Honours. He was the 
 learned Mafter of a School at Black- 
 heath, an eloquent Preacher atChrift 
 Church, London, and a faithful Pallor 
 at Greenwich. By favour of the 
 Biiliop of L 1 n c o l n he was Ca- 
 non of Lincoln; and, by the King'* 
 favour, of this Metropolitan Church of 
 Canterbury. He manied Sarah 
 Tucker, a Clergyman's daughter ia 
 Suffolk, who bore him one fon and 
 two daughters. At length, nothing here 
 being fir«n and ftabie, he died of a fever 
 in his houfe at Canterbury', the 7th 
 of December, 1720, aged 61 years. 
 His Widow, in p.ous regard, erected 
 this Monument. 
 
 (3) In ENGLISH. 
 
 Here refts the Body of Dr. Thom.u 
 Boys, of Fredeville, who took to 
 Wife the Daughter of Richard Ro- 
 gers, D. D. Dean of this Church, and 
 Suffragan of the Archhilhop of Can- 
 terbury; a Man, the ornament of 
 an ancient Family, and of the age he 
 lived in; this only iiis Epitaph preferves 
 in memory : The juft /hall be had in 
 eternal remembrance. Under the fame 
 tomb is interred the mortal part of Mrt. 
 Elizabeth Boys, fecond Daughter 
 of Sir William Boys, Knt M. D. 
 p.reat grand fon of the aforefaid ; fnc 
 died in the year 1722, aged 23 years. 
 N'txt 
 
( x6 ) 
 
 Next to Dr. Turner's monument, againfl the wall, is a hand- 
 some monument for Dr. Coif, born in France, and educated at 
 Chrilc-church in Oxford ; afterwards Prebendary and Vice-dean 
 of this church; he died in 1643, aged 6 2 years, as appears by the 
 inscription. (9) 
 
 Having furveyed the Side Isles of the Body, we now proceed 
 to the 
 
 SOUTH CROSS. 
 
 ^TOT far from the entrance of this, is buried the famous and 
 ^1 learned Meric Caiaubon, fon of the learned Ifaac Cafauhon. 
 He was bom in the city of Geneva, in September 1599, was 
 brought when young into England by his father, and mllrudled 
 till his fifteenth year at a private fchool ; at that age he was fent to 
 Chriil-church in Oxford, and foon after eledled fludent of that col- 
 lege, and took his degrees in Arts, that of Mafler in 1621 ; at 
 which time King James took notice of him for a defence of his fa- 
 ther, publifhed againfl the calumnies of a Roman Catholic, and 
 fbon after he was beneficed at Bledon in Somerfetfhire, by Bifhop 
 Andrews of Winchefler; about which time he defigned to have 
 gone on againlt Baronius's Annales, where his father had left off; 
 but the troubles arifing in England, he was prevented from pro- 
 fecuting hisdefign, and was forced to fell molt part of his books ; 
 and after twenty years, for fo long thefe troubles continued, he 
 was grown fo old and infirm, that he was obliged to defill. In the 
 beginning of the Grand Rebellion he was much efteemed by Arch- 
 
 (9) INSCRIPTION. 
 
 Hi-c, quarrt vides, Leclcr, Memoria- 
 la in Gr. ilium Revcrendi Viri Richar- 
 di Colte, Sacra; Theologix Ds. hu- 
 jus Ecclefiae PiKbendarii, pofita hie eft. 
 Natui is Caleti, Angliam petiit 
 adhuc parvulus, Auduit Oxcnii in 
 JEAe Xii ; loneum gravis morbi tae- 
 dium patientifiimc ferens atq; in ea 
 quam veibo et v!ta profeclus eft fide 
 ufcj; ad finem perfeverans anno yEtatis 
 circiter lxiii et Incarnat. mdcxiii 
 die Octob. vii cum adhuc ejufJem 
 Anni in hac Metropohlica Ecclefia 
 Vice-dccanus eflet, piacidiiume in Deo 
 obdormivir. 
 
 (9) /;; ENGLISH. 
 
 This Monument, Re.ider, was placed 
 for the Reverend Richarp Cotr, D. 
 D. Prebendary ol this Church ; he was 
 born at Calais, whence, vthen young, 
 he came into England, and fludied 
 at Christ-church in Oxford; af- 
 ter patiently enduring a grievous diftem- 
 per, and perfeveiing to the !aft in that 
 faith he taught, and in which he lived, 
 in the 63d Year of hs age, he fweetly 
 flept in the Lord, on the 7th day of 
 Octpjeh, 1613, being then Vice- 
 j Dean o* thi: Me:ropclitical Church. 
 
 I 
 
 bifhop 
 
( '7 ) 
 
 bifhop Lsud, who prefented him to the Re&ory of Ickham, four 
 miles from Canterbury, and to a prebendal ftall in this church. 
 And in 1636, he was created Doctor in Divinity by the command 
 of King Charles and his Queen, then at Oxford. In the begin- 
 ning of the civil war he loll his preferments, and lived retired. 
 After the King's martyrdom in 1649, Cromwell fent feveral times 
 to prevail with him to write the hiftory of the Civil War ; but he 
 declined it, as being unfit for that employment, and could not fo 
 impartially engage in it, but that his fubjett would force him to 
 make fuch reflections as would be ungrateful, if not injurious to 
 Cromwell ; however, tho' Cromwe'l failed in this project, to wit- 
 nefs his value for him, he tendered three or four hundred pounds 
 to be lodged in a bockfeiler's hands for him, which he likewife re- 
 fufed. About that time Chriitina, Queen of Sweden, invited him 
 to take the government of one or more of her Univerfities ; but he 
 refolved to end his days in England : And after the rcftoration, be- 
 ing reftored to his ipiritualities, he died in 1671 (o). 
 
 (o) INSCRIPTION. 
 
 Sta & Venerare, Viator. 
 
 Hie Morales Immortalis Spiritus exu- 
 vias depofuit Mericus Casau- 
 bonus. 
 
 Maeni Nominis 
 £rudi:iq.:e Generis 
 
 par ha;res. 
 
 Quippe q>ii habuit, 
 Patrcm Isaacum Casaubokvi 
 Avum Hekricum Stephai.-um 
 Proavum Robertvm Stephanvm. 
 
 Heu quos Viros ! Qua? iiterarum lu- j 
 mina ! Quse /Evi fui decora I, Ipfe Eru- 
 ditionem per tor erudita capi'.a tradvjc- ! 
 tam excepit, exceluit, & ad Pietatis I 
 (ous in ejus peftore R.egina fedebat) 1 
 Ornamentum & Iscrementum felictter J 
 conlccravit : Rempublicamque litera- ; 
 riam multiplici jerum & linguarum 
 pellcilile locttplet&vit, Vir, incertum, 
 do£tio>* an imlior, ir, pauperes Libera- 
 litate, in amitos Utiiitate, in o: 
 Ilumanitat?, in acutiflimis longiffimi 
 roorbi torment s Chriftiana Patienti* ■ 
 infiguiffimul, G*ud-'ac piirna-.ia hxc \ 
 
 D 
 
 (0) In ENGLISH. 
 
 Stay, Traveller, and Reverence ! 
 
 Here Meric Casaubon diverted hirrl- 
 
 felf of the mortal Remains of his ion 
 
 mortal Spirit : 
 Of a v-reat Name and ? thewcrtl Heir , 
 
 a learned Race \ ' 
 
 Having for his 
 Father Isaac Casauuov, 
 Grandfather Henry Stephens, 
 Great Grandfather Rob. Stipdens, 
 
 Alas, what Men ! What Piodigiesof 
 Learni; g ! What Ornaments of tl cir 
 Age ! He having received ills Learning, 
 as by inheritasce, defcending from fo 
 many learr.ed anceflors, improved it j 
 and to the Ornament and Ir.creafe 
 of Piety (which ever fat as Queen in 
 his breaft) happily confecrated it. He 
 alfo enriched the Republic of Letters 
 with a manifold treafurs of things and 
 languages.' It is hard to fay whether 
 he was mors rfiftinguifhed for lean ing 
 or piety, for his Liberality to the poor, 
 hiscommunicativeTemper to his friends, 
 his Humanity ard tendernefs to all, of 
 for his enduring the moft e.tquiute tor- 
 tvires of a lingering diftemper with a 
 t'nriftian Patience. This fuft of Churches 
 Eeclcfia 
 
f 
 
 .) 
 
 In a compartment againft the fouth-weft pillar of the great tower, 
 is a handfome monument for Mrs. Frances Holcombe, wife of the 
 late Dr. Samuel Holcombe, Prebendary of this church (i). 
 
 Againft the fame pillar is a white marble monument for Samuel 
 Holcombe, D. D. {2) 
 
 Ecclefia Primariis Canonicis Casau- 
 bonis ambobus j qui eundem in i.tu- 
 ditiorte, quo Ipfa in EccleGarum Serie, 
 Ordinem obtir.ucrunt. Obiit nofter 
 pr'die Idus Julii, ANN01671. ./Eta- 
 tis Iuj; 75. Canonicaius fui 46. 
 
 (1) INSCRIPTION. 
 
 Joxta 
 
 Hoc Marmot fitum ii 
 
 C^uicquid moti potui: 
 
 Francisce Holcombe, 
 
 Rcverendi Viri S. Holcombe, S.T.P. 
 
 ei hujus Ecclefia; Canonici, Uxoris. 
 
 Fe>min«e prudsni?, pi*, pudicx, 
 
 Non folum Conjuv,i fuo dileftifiJmc, 
 
 Sed et ab omnibus plurime eftimanda: ; 
 
 Parent::; habuir. 
 
 Galfriium Hether incton, 
 
 Londinf.ksem, Generofirn, 
 
 Et Susannam ex antiqua Wjlme- 
 
 KORUM ftirpe 
 
 In Agre- EnoRACENfi oriundam. i. 
 
 quatuor quos enixa eft Liberis, 
 
 Susanha prematura morteeft abrepra, 
 
 F :. a k v- 1 5 c a , Samuel, Anna, 
 
 fuperfunt, 
 
 Pcft gnves et longoi corporis dolores, 
 
 Qm/S tamen invicla patientia 
 
 Reddirf t leviores, 
 
 Tandem xxx die menlis Martii, 
 
 Anno Dom. 1715. a'tati? 61, 
 
 Pic ac religiclc prout vixerat obiit, 
 
 Plorantibus undiq: Amicis. 
 
 (2) INSCRIPTION. 
 
 H. S. F. 
 
 Samuel Holcombe, S. T. P. 
 
 Hujufce Ecclefia Canonicus; 
 
 V;r fane integritate morum fimplex, 
 
 may boaft of having for her Prebenda- 
 ries, both the Casaubons, the firft 
 of Men, who held the fame rank among 
 the learned, that (he holds among the 
 Chuiches. Our Ca?aubi>n died on 
 July 16, 1671, in the 75th year of his 
 A^e, and the 46th of his Canonfhip. 
 
 (1) In ENGLISH. 
 
 Near this Monument lie 
 
 The remains of Fr ances Holcombe, 
 
 Wife of the Reverend 
 
 Samuel Holcombp, D. D. and 
 
 Prebendary of this Church ; 
 
 A prudent, pious, and virtuous woman, 
 
 Much beloved, 
 
 Not only by her huiband, 
 
 But by all exceedingly efteemed. 
 
 She was the daughter of 
 
 Geo k fry Hetherington, of 
 
 London, Gent. 
 
 And Susan his Wife, of the ancient 
 
 Family of Wilder, 
 
 In the County of York. 
 
 Of four Children which (he bore, 
 
 Susan died in her infancy, 
 
 Frances, Samuel and Ann furvive. 
 
 After a long and painful difeaie, 
 
 Which by her unconquered patience 
 
 She rendered lighter, 
 
 ^ At lair, on the 30th day of Ma bch, 
 
 In '-if, aird 62, 
 
 As (he lived, rtie ploufly and rcligioufly 
 
 Died, 
 Amidft the general grief of her Friends. 
 
 (z) In ENGLISH. 
 
 Here lie the remains of 
 
 Samuel Holcombe, D. D. 
 
 Prebendary of this Church, 
 
 A man 
 
 Of found integrity, Ample manners, 
 
( 19 ) 
 
 Againft the wall is affixed a monument for Mif.- Jane Hardres, 
 daughter of Sir Thomas Hardres, knt. a family of ancient conti- 
 nuance in this county, ever fince the conqueft. In which time, 
 Robert de Hanlres held land at Hardres, at which place the fa- 
 mily have continued till now. A descendant of this family was a 
 great benefaflor to this convent. Philip de Hardres was a perfon 
 of note in King John's reign. William de Hardres was Member 
 of Parliament for Canterbury, in the ift, 2d, and 7th years of 
 Edward U, as was his father under Henry III. Another of this 
 family was a JutHce of the Peace, in the reign of Henry IV. and 
 Henry V. Edmund and Thomas are in the lift of Gentry in the 
 time of Henry VI. Richard Hardres was High Sheriff of this 
 county, 30 Elizabeth. Sir Ralph Hardres was living in Phili- 
 pott's time. Sir Thomas Hardres was Member of Parliament for 
 Canterbury, 31ft Charles II. With the late Sir William Hardres 
 the title of Baronet became extinft. 
 
 The Ar.ns are— Guies, a lion rampant t ermine, debrui/ea* by a 
 chevron, or. (3) 
 
 Et in facris imprimis eruditus : 
 
 Veram ftrenue coluit Retigionem, 
 
 Do&nna ec Exemplo 
 
 Chriftianus. 
 
 Ob. Apr. die imo. JEt. Anno 96. 
 
 Salutis 176 1 . 
 
 Samuel Holcombe, A. M. Eccl. 
 
 Vigorn. Canon. 
 
 Et Fiancisca, Filii ejus, 
 
 Hoc Monumentum pofuere. 
 
 (3) INSCRIPTION. 
 H. S. M. 
 
 Jan.* Hardres, Thom* Har- 
 dres Equitis aurati Servientis Dom. 
 Regis ad Legem, & Philadelphia Ux- 
 oris ejus, unicas Filiae, perantiquoftem- 
 mate oriundae. Virgo tam Naturae quam 
 Mentis Dotibus eximie decorata, omni 
 bus, praecipue Paren'.ibus, valde ohfe- 
 quiofa, precibus aflidua, indigentibus 
 larga, Moribus confpicua vere niveis, 
 placida & afrabilis, Forma & Decore 
 praeftans, cognatis chara, & ab omnibus 
 quibus nota, maxime deplorata. Ani- 
 
 8 
 
 And deeply verfed in facred literature ; 
 
 He ftrenuonfly ; radttfed true religion, 
 
 Being a Chriftian 
 
 Both in Doftrine and Example. 
 
 He died the lit day of April, in the 
 
 year 1761, aged 96 years. 
 
 Samuel Holcombe. M. A. 
 
 Prebendary of Worcefter, 
 
 And Frances his children, ereited 
 
 This Monument. 
 
 (3) Ik ENGLISH. 
 
 To Jane Hardres, only daughter 
 of v ir Thomas Hardres, Knight, 
 King's Serjeant at Law, and Phila- 
 delphia his Wife, defceoded from a 
 very ancient family ; a Virgin eminently 
 adorned with all the gifts of body and 
 of mind ; obedient and refpetlful to all, 
 but efpecially to her parents ; conftant 
 in her prayers, charitable to the poor; 
 remarkable for her unftained Manners ; 
 of a pleafing and agreeable Perfon, and 
 an extraordinary Beauty; dear to her 
 relations, and much lamented by all 
 mam 
 
( 20 ) 
 
 On one fide of the entrance into Saint Michael's chapel, againft 
 the wall, is a monument for Dr. John Battely (4). 
 
 On the other fide of the chapel is a plain marble table monument 
 for the Rev. Herbert Randolph, M. A. (5) 
 
 mam Deo libenter refignabat undecimo 
 die Martii An. Salutis 1675. ^Ecatis 
 20. 
 
 O vos felefliflimae fodales adefle, fi 
 quid Juvenilis ./Etas, fi parentum Amor 
 flagramiflimus, lratru.riq; ^TORTH, 
 ft res affl'j.ntior, fi denuo^enfa amico- 
 rum Corona, quid valuiffent, etiam 
 nunc vobis interefTem fuperftes 5 fed 
 Den aliler vifum : Hoc fultem vos cx- 
 oratos velim, Ad blandienti Mundo dif- 
 cite diflidere. 
 
 (4) INSCRIPTION. 
 
 H. S. E. 
 
 JoHA^Nts Battely, S. T. P. 
 Burije Sti. Edmuhoi in Si kiol. 
 cia natus, Collegii S. S. Trinitatis 
 Cantabr ICIJK Socius, a Sacris Do- 
 mciticis Reverendiffimo Wjllielmo 
 Sancioft, Archi-Epifcopo Cam u- 
 ariensi: A quo meritiflima accepit 
 praemia, Rccloriam de Adisham prope 
 hanc Uibem, hujus Ecdeiiae Metropo- 
 liticae Canonicaium, hujufq; Dixceleo; 
 Archi-diacouatum 5 quae omnia fumma 
 cum FideetPiudentia adminiftravit mil- 
 nia: Vir integerrima in Deum Pietate, 
 honeftiffimis et fuaviffimis moribus, 
 Excellenti Divinarum & humsnarum 
 Literarum fcientia, Singulari in Egenos 
 Beneficentia, in fuos Charitate, Candore 
 ct Benignitate in omnes. His tot prae- 
 clar'15 Dotibus hanc Bafilicam, totamq; 
 Ecclcfiam Anglican am infijiniter 
 otnavit : Obiit Octob. x. Anno Dorn. 
 WDCcvjii. >Etati» fuce lxi. 
 
 (S) INSCRIPTION, 
 H. S. E. 
 
 HE'BERTUS RANDOLPH, A.M. 
 
 Filius Herberti Randolph 
 
 that knew her. She willingly refigned 
 her foul to Con in the year 1675, in 
 the 2oih year of her Age. 
 
 Attend, O my choice Companions ! 
 If blooming youth ; if the moft tender 
 AfKclion ofpa'enti, and the Love of 
 Brothers; if affluence of wealth; if a 
 large circle of Friends, would have 
 availed any thing, I had ftill continued 
 among ycu ; but God decreed otherwifc j 
 therefore tj!;e this warning from me. 
 
 Learn to difiruft a flattering World. 
 
 (4) In ENGLISH. 
 Here lies the body of John Batte- 
 ly D.D. born at St. Epmu nd's Bur v, 
 in Suffolk, Fellow of Trinity Col- 
 lege in Cambr iocs, and one of the 
 dometiic Chaplains to his Grace, Wil- 
 liam Sancroft, Archbifhop of 
 Canterbury, by whom he was re- 
 warded, firft with the Rectory of Apis- 
 ham, ntar this pilji then with a Ca- 
 nonry in thi. MetrOfolitical Chuich ; 
 and lartly, with the Archdeaconry of 
 this Diocele; in all which preferments 
 he acquitted himfelf with the utmoft 
 Prudence and Fidelity. He was a man 
 of Ariel Piety towards God; of an ho- 
 neft and fwcet difpofition of mir.d ; of 
 Excellent knowledge in Divine and hu- 
 man Learning; of Singular Charity to 
 the Pooi ; of Munificence to his Friends, 
 and Candour and good will towards all j 
 With thefe noble endowments he great- 
 ly adorned this Cathedral, and indeed, 
 the whole Church of England. He 
 depaited this life, October 10, in the 
 Year of our Lord l"c$, and in the 6:& 
 of his Age. 
 
 (5) In ENGLISH. 
 
 Here lie the remains of 
 
 Herbfrt Randolph, M.A. 
 
 Eldeft fon of Herbert Randoiph, 
 
 Ex 
 
( 21 ) 
 
 St. MICHAEL'S CHAPEL. 
 
 THIS is ofteir called the Warrior's Chapel, from feveral me- 
 morials of military men being preferved here, whofe bodies 
 were depofjted elfewhere. In the middle of it is a (lately and mag- 
 nificent monument of marble and alabafter, having the cumbent 
 figure of a lady between two armed knights at full length. That 
 in the middle reprefents Margaret Holland, third daughter of 
 Thomas Holland, Earl of Kent, who was beheaded for treafon. 
 againft Henry IV. The efHgy on her left hand reprefents her firft 
 
 Ex hac Civitate Armigeri, 
 
 Et Mari/e, Uxoris ejus, Filiae 
 
 Ton. Castilion Decani Roft'enfis, 
 
 Natu maximus. 
 
 Uxorem duxit Catharinam Filiam 
 
 Edwardi Wake,S.T. P. 
 
 Hujus Ecclefiae Prebendarii ; 
 
 Et port hujus mortem, 
 
 Mariam Filiam Nathanielis 
 
 Denew Armigeri: 
 
 Filium cxCatharina Uxore fuper- 
 
 ftilem reliquit unicum, 
 
 Herbertum. 
 
 Filias itidemduas, Mariam, ct 
 
 Eliz A B ETHAM. 
 
 Diem obiit fupremum Sept. imo, 
 
 A.D. MDCCLV, JEuus (as LXII. 
 
 In Academia Oxoniensi enutritus, 
 
 primo^disXti Commenfalis 
 DeindjCoIl: Omn : Anim : Socius, 
 
 Mufarum cultor eximius floruit : 
 
 Omni elegantioris Literaturae genere 
 
 perpolitus, 
 
 Ad feveriora Theologiae fludia poftmo- 
 
 dum fe contulit. 
 
 Merita ejus Archiepifcopum optimum 
 
 non diu latebant : 
 
 Cujus gratia Rector de Deal ct 
 
 Woodchurch, 
 
 Et Concionator in hac Ecclefia extitit. 
 
 Vir erat egreuiis animi 
 
 Potibus ornatus, ingenio acri a 
 
 Judicio limato, 
 
 Jndultria indefeffa, 
 
 Of this City, efq; 
 
 And Mary his Wife, daughter of 
 
 John Castilion, Dean of Ilochefterj 
 
 He married Catherine, 
 Daughter of Edward Wake, D. D, 
 
 Prebendary of this church; 
 
 And after her death he married Mary, 
 
 Daughter of 
 
 Nathaniel Denew, Efq; 
 
 He left one fon, 
 
 Herbert, by Catherine his Wifc, 
 
 And two daughters, 
 
 Mary and Elizabeth. 
 
 He died the firft of September, 
 
 In the Year of our Lord 1755, and 
 
 In the 6zi of his Age. 
 
 Educated in the Univerfity of Oxford, 
 
 He was firft 
 
 A Gentleman-Commoner 
 
 Of Chrift-Church, and then 
 
 A Fellow of All - Souls College; 
 
 He was a great lover of the Mules, and 
 
 well accomplifhed 
 
 In every kind of polite Literature; 
 
 Afterwards he applied himfelf 
 
 To the more fevere ftudies of Divinity j 
 
 His merit was not long 
 Concealed from the excellent Archbifhop 
 
 By whofe favour he became 
 Retlor of Deal and Woodchurch, 
 
 And a Preacher in this Cathedral ; 
 
 He was a Man of excellent Parts, of 
 
 Quick wit, acute difcernment, and 
 
 Indefatigable induftry; 
 
 Multifile? 
 
C 22 ) 
 
 fcuiband, John Beaufort, Earl of Somerfet, eldeft. fon of John of 
 Gaunt, Duke of Lancailer, by Catherine Swinford, and half bro- 
 ther to King Henry IV. He was born before marriage, and legi- 
 timated by Aft of Parliament. He was created Earl and Marquefs 
 of Somerfet 20th Richard II. and Marquefs of Dorfa, and Lord 
 Chamberlain of England, during life. The title of Marquefs was 
 taken from him by aft of Parliament ifc Henry IV, not tn difrc- 
 fpeft of his perfon, but becaufe the title was then new, and worn 
 only by Vere, King Richard's favourite, which, when at the Par- 
 liament's requcft, it was offered to be reftored to him, he refufed. 
 He was Captain of Calais ; and died, not en the 1 6th of March, 
 1409, (as Weever fays,) but on the 2 1 It of April, being Palm Sun- 
 day, in 1410. On her rigl.t hand is the efRgy of her fecond huf- 
 band, Thomas, Duke of Clarence, nephew to her firft hufband, 
 and fecond fon of King Henry IV, Earl of Albemarle, Prefident 
 of the Council, and Lieutenant-General of the King's forces. Ha 
 being of a hot, unadvifed temper, rafhly engaged in a battle at 
 
 Moliiplici Literarumfcientia inftruftui. 
 Morum fuavis, elegan , integer, 
 
 Amicus comis, hilar. s, 
 
 Maritus Cunjugum amantifiimus, 
 
 Delcttare natus et prcaelle, 
 
 Pater in Libros non fine prudentia in- 
 
 dulgentiflimus, in omnes benigniH. 
 
 Chatitateci et Munificentiam 
 
 Univerfus bujul Diocaefeoi Clerua 
 
 tefl^bitur, 
 
 JEt Viduas et Orphani in omr.e zvum 
 
 rjus Memoriae benedicent. 
 
 In f.eculo novitatis n.mium avido 
 
 Vixr. Moribus antiquis, Fide pnUa, 
 
 Faflor bonus, diligens, fidelis, 
 
 Concionator jffiduu;, eloquent, 
 
 orthodoxus, 
 
 Ecdef,a? Anglicanae 
 
 Fii : us piemiffimus, 
 
 Minifter fidi(Timu% 
 
 Fropugnator ftrenuus. 
 
 TON ATIJNA TON KAAON 
 HTONIITAI, 
 TON AP0M1N TETEAEKE, 
 THN niETIN T2THPHKE. 
 
 AOnON, AnOKEITAI THS 
 AIK.AI02YNHS ITERANCE. 
 
 Well verfed in various Sciences J 
 
 Of a fweet Difjofition, 
 
 Elegant, blamelefa ; 
 
 An affable and agreeable Friend, and 
 
 A mod loving Hu/bandj 
 
 Born both 10 pleafe and to profit ; 
 
 A very indulgent but discreet Father, 
 
 And kind to all : 
 
 His Charity and Munificence 
 
 The whole Clergy of this Diocefe 
 
 will tertify, 
 
 And their Widows and Orphans will 
 
 For ever blefs hit memory. 
 In an age too fond of novelty, he lived 
 
 With primitive faith and manners ; 
 
 A good, dilicent, and faithful Pallor; 
 
 An a(Tiduou c , eloquent, 
 
 And orthodox Preacher ; a moft 
 
 Pious Son, a moft faithful Minifter, 
 
 And flenuous Detcndcr 
 
 Of the Church of England. 
 
 HE HATH FOUGHT A COOD 
 
 FIGHT, 
 
 HE HATH FINISHEH HISCOURSE, 
 
 HE HATH KEPT THE FAITH ; 
 
 HENCEFORTH THERE IS LAID 
 
 UP FOR HIM A CROWN 
 
 OF FJGHTEOUSNESS. 
 
 Bauge, 
 
( n ) 
 
 Bauge, where, after valiantly fighting, he loft his live, being 
 wounded in the face with a lance, and was the firft Enghihman 
 there flain. His death was followed by thofe of feveral gieat and 
 brave men. His body being feni to the Dutchefs, then in Nor- 
 mandy, me brought it into England, buiied it here, and erected 
 this monument. With him was taken prifoner the Dutchefs's fori 
 by her former hufband, viz. John, Earl of Somerfet, who was de- 
 tained in prifon fifteen years; but upon the Dutchefs's death, was 
 ranfomed with an immenfe fum of money. The middle effigy is 
 that of the Dutchefs ; fhe lived after their death, in widowhood, 
 very honourably, to a great age, and dying in 1437, was alfo bu- 
 ried here. She had iflue, by the firft Lord, Henry and Thomas, 
 Earls of Somerfet ; John and Edmund, Dukes of Somerfet ; Joan, 
 Queen of Scots, wife to the murdered King James I, and mother 
 of James II ; and Margaret Beaufort, Countefs of Devon. Mr. 
 Weever, from a book in the Cotton Library, gives the following 
 infcription to Clarence, alluding to his name ; but the brafs oa 
 the tomb is worn away. 
 
 Hie jacet in tumulo Thomas Clar. nunc quafi nullus. 
 Qui fuit in bello Clartjs, necCLARiOR ullus. 
 
 Now a mere name, here lies fam'd Thomas Clar, 
 To none inferior in the walks of war. 
 
 The pun in the original cannot be retained ; but it is no Iofs- 
 
 At the left, after we enter the chapel, again ft the wall, is an 
 handfome monument for Lieutenant-Colonel Prude, on which mo- 
 nument is his effigy kneeling (6). 
 
 (6) INSCRIPTION. 
 Sacred to the Memory of William Prude, Efq; Liefiennant Colonnell in 
 the Belgic Warres fla\ne at the Siege of Maxtkitch, the 1 2th of July, 
 
 j6j2. 
 
 Stand, Soldiers, e'er you March, by Way of Chsrdge, 
 Take arc Example here that may enlarge 
 Your Minds to r.oble Actions. Here ia Peace 
 Refts one whofe Life was Warre, whofe rich Incresfe 
 Of Fame and Honour from his Valour grew, 
 Unbegg'd, unbought; for what he wonne hs drew 
 By juft defeart: Having in Servife beene 
 A Soldier, till neer^ Sixty, from Sixteene 
 Yeares of his active Life : Continually 
 Fearlcfs of Death, yet fti'il prepar'd to die 
 In his religious Thcu;hts: For midtt all Harms 
 He bore as much of Pietie as Atms. 
 
 Now 
 
. ( 24 ) 
 
 Near the Monument of William Prude, Efq; is that of Sir Tho- 
 mas Thornhurft knt. (7). 
 
 Now Soldiers on, and fear not to intrude 
 
 The Gates of Death, by Example of this Pr ude, 
 
 He rharrkd Mary, daughter of Sir Adam Spracklir, knt. and had iffue by her 
 four fons and three daughters. To whofe memory his furviving Sonne Searlei 
 Prude huh erected this monument, 
 
 (7) INSCRIPTION. 
 
 Thomas Thornhurst, Miles, 
 Stephani Thornhurst, Equitis 
 ■urati, Filius, viribus animi corporif- 
 que pollens, poftquam in Batavinis, 
 trans-RH en anis, & Hispanicis 
 bellis gloriofam pro Patria navufiet ope- 
 ram, & Ducis officio optimc functus 
 effet, ad infulam Rh eam, 17 Julii, 
 Anno Dom. 1627, primo appulfu, non 
 fine laude fua & viftotia Anglorum, 
 interfeclus eft. Ex Barbara uxore, 
 filia & una cohaeredum Thom* Shir- 
 lEY, Armigcri, tres fufcepit liberos, 
 Barbaram, Antonium, & Ceci- 
 iiam. Chariffimi conjugis rremoris?, 
 pietatis & amoris ergo, hoc monumen 
 turn pofuit met (ViffimaUxor Barbara. 
 
 (7) In ENGLISH. 
 Sir Thom as Thornhurst, fon of 
 Sir Stephen Thobnhurst, knt. 
 one equally excelling in itrencth of body 
 and mind, after he had endured much 
 glorious toil in the Dutch, German, 
 and Spanish Wars, and had bravely 
 discharged the duty of a General, was 
 (lain at the fuft onfet againft the ifle of 
 Rhee, on the 17th of July, in 1627, 
 but fell not without acquiring glory to 
 himfelf, and victory to the English. 
 By Barbara, his wife, one of the 
 coheirtffes of Thomas Shir ley, efq; 
 he had three children, Barbara, An- 
 thony, and Cecilia. From her love 
 an' tender attention for the memory of 
 herdear hufband, hismoft forrowfulwife, 
 Barbara, has erecled this moment. 
 
 Stay, gentle Reader, pafs not (lightly by, 
 
 This tomb is facred to the memory 
 
 Of noble Thornhurft j what he was, and who, 
 
 There is not ronm enough for me to (how, 
 
 Nor his brave ftory out at length t'explain. 
 
 Both Germ.mies, the new-found World and Spain, 
 
 Oftend's 1 >ng fic^e, aid Newport Battle try'd 
 
 His worth ; at laft warring with France he dy'd ; 
 
 His blood fcai'd that laft Cunqueft, for black Rhee 
 
 Gave hirn at once a Death and Victory. 
 
 His Death as well as Life victorious Wat, 
 
 Fearing left Rhee (as might be brought to pafs) 
 
 l3y others might be loft in Time to come, 
 
 He took Poffcfiion till the Day of Doom, 
 
 
( 2 5 ) 
 
 Next to Sir Thomas Thornhurft's monument, ic an elegant one 
 for Lady Thornhurft (8). 
 
 On one fide of the bafe is the figure of Lady Grifogone Lennard. 
 On the other, that of the Lady Cicely Blunt. 
 
 The next monument is to the memory of Lady Dorothy Thorn- 
 hurit, (9). and near it 
 
 (8) INSCRIPTION. 
 
 Here lyeth the Lady Thornhurst 
 who was fometime the Wife cf Sir Ri- 
 card Baker of Sissikgherst in 
 the Connty or" Kent, and had iffue by 
 the Cud Sir Richard two Daughters} 
 
 the L dy Grifogone Lennard and the 
 Lady Cicely Blunt. She departed this 
 prelcnt World in the Month of May. 
 in ihe Year of our Lord God 1609. She 
 then being of the age of 60 Years. 
 
 (9) INSCRIPTION. 
 
 Dom. Doroth. Thornhurst, Ro- 
 geri Drew, de Dentsworthi in 
 agro SussExtENsi, Armigeri, filis, 
 poll fata Do&oris Hippocratis de 
 Otten prioris mariti, ex illuftri Fa- 
 milia Otteniana in Holsatia 
 Medici infignis, fecundis nuptiis Ste- 
 phano Thornhurst, Militi, fccia- 
 tae j poft ejus feceflum, ejufdem cine- 
 ribus hoc ipfo in loco xii Jun. Anno 
 yEtatis fuas lv, Jcfu fui cisidcxx, 
 redditae. Monumentum hoc pie ac 
 mcerens pofuit (ex Patre Neptis) Mar- 
 tha Norton. 
 
 (9) In ENGLISH. 
 
 To Lady Dorothy Thornhurst, 
 q3ui hi -r ;o Roger Crew, of Dents- 
 worth, efq; who after the deceafe of 
 Dr. Hippocrates D'Otten, a ce- 
 lebra;ed Phyfician of the illulirious Fa- 
 mily of Otten, in Holsatia, mar- 
 ried a fecond time to Sir Stephen 
 Thornhurst, knt. and furvived him ; 
 her aihes were mingled with his in this 
 place, on the 12th of June, in the 
 55th year of her Age, and in the Year 
 of our Lord 1620. In pious memory 
 of her, her forrowful niece (by the Fa- 
 ther) Martha Norton, hath erettcd 
 this Monument. 
 
 Inscription csnt'mued. 
 
 Si hud-ta Venus, Juno, fi facra Miner va, 
 
 Qmis tecollaudet, fcemina ? talis eras : 
 
 Te te magnanimam, pulchrarn, do&amq; cadentem 
 
 Et talem tantis dotibus urna tegat ? 
 
 Spiritus aftra ferit, fie inter fidera lidus, 
 
 Ccelico'am recipit ccelicolumque domus. 
 
 In Englijl'. 
 
 Had Juno, Venus, and Minerva praife ? 
 Such thou wert once, yet who thy fame will raife? 
 Shall wit and beauty meet fuperior foes ? 
 And muft this urn thy fundry gifts enclofe ? 
 H^re lies thy dtift, thy foul to heaven-ward flies, 
 And claims her feat above the ftarry fkics. 
 
 A hand- 
 
( 26 ) 
 
 A handfome one of white marble for Mil's Anne Milles, called 
 the Beauty of Kent (o) ; then a very remarkable one for Archbi- 
 fhop Langton, appearing as a ltone cothn above the ground, part 
 of it being in the thickneis of the wall, by which probably the li- 
 mits of this chapel were formerly of larger extent than at prefent. 
 
 (o) INSCRIPTION. 
 H. S. E. 
 
 Anna Millis, Samuilii, Ar- 
 
 migeri, Anns^Ei iu'ii, Parenibus, 
 quibus ufa eft, dignifiima Filia ; quam 
 cum virginem vixiffe int. Uexeris, & 
 virgincm mortuam efi'e, mireiis forfan 
 quanti pretii fit Virgo, aut qua:nam 
 Virgo fuerit Anna; Hinc difcas licet, 
 Quodcunq; pukhri fit, ut adametur ! 
 Quodcur.que pudici, ut colatur ? Id 
 omne (Quantum quantum fit) id Vir- 
 gine nolha coaluifft ; at enim Quaenam 
 Forma ? Quinam Fudor ? Non ilia, 
 quam fuis manibus fibi inducunt calli- 
 dx nonnullas Colorum Artifices Vefperi 
 perlturam ; non Fudor, qui pro libitu 
 a quibufdam evoca'.ur, aut invitis non- 
 Jiunquam extnrquetur, fed Forma Na- 
 turae maau inlita, et Fudor Religionis 
 norma oriundj?. Hujus conccrdiie 
 Formam inter & Pudicitiam teftes oni- 
 nes ii funt quibus aut Forma ert curas 
 aut Pudor cordi. Ipfa fibi bene conl'cia 
 quam fragilis fit Forma, quam inipar 
 Militix Chriltianae per fe Pudiciti-, 
 omi.em Virtutum Chorum fibi in pedus 
 accepit, & Chrilianam ur.iverfam ar- 
 maturam teneris humeris induit: In 
 hac Ecclefia apud facrum Fontem No- 
 men Chriftodedit, hinc Chrirti Nomen 
 alTumens Signumq; gerens ; in hac Ec- 
 clefia quotidianis precibus adfuit pura 
 Cul;nxj Sacrae Ccenae interfuit Chrirti 
 Conviva frcquens i at nee publici- Ec- 
 cleii - Onaciis quam Cubic. ili privatis 
 frequenuor ; hominum oculos pariter 
 ac laudem tugiens; cum folummodoad- 
 hibuit Pietans Teihm quern expedavit 
 Rciiiuneratorum. Ad Agni Nuptias 
 
 (o) In ENGLISH. 
 Here lies Anne Mille', daughter 
 of Samuel Milles, efq; and Anns 
 his wile; a daughter veil deferving 
 fuch parents ; whom when ycu (hall 
 ur.dcrltand to have lived and died a Vir- 
 pin, you may perhaps wonder of what 
 worth a Virgin is, or what (ort of a 
 Virgin this Anna was ; here then you 
 may know, whatever is fo fair as to be 
 loved ? Whatever is fo chafte as to be 
 erteemed ? That all (how great or va- 
 luable foever) concentered in cur Vir- 
 gin : But you may fay, what is beauty ? 
 or, w'lat is chaftity ? Her beauty had 
 not that adulterate paint, which fome 
 crafty artificers in colours make up, 
 which perifties in the evening. Nor 
 was her chaltity, that which is willing* 
 ly parted with by fome, and is fome- 
 times forced from others. But her 
 beauty was beftowed by Nature's hand. 
 Of this harmony between her beauty 
 and chaftity, all are witnefles whole 
 beauty is their care, or whofe chaftjty 
 their pride. She, confeious to herfelf, 
 how frail beauty is and liow unequal 
 crnftity alone is to a Chrif'ian warfare, 
 received into her heatt the whole choir 
 of Chriftian virtues, and armed her ten- 
 der fhoulders with the whole arm ur of 
 Christ. In this church, at the fa - 
 cred Font, fhe pave her name to Cr.rift, 
 and hence Cue aluimcd Chrirt, and bore 
 his enfign. In this Church, this pure 
 worlhipperof God wasconiiant in daily 
 prayers, and a frequent partaker of the 
 Holy Supper of C hrilt. But ihe was not 
 more conflant in the public cflices of 
 the Church than fhe was in private pray, 
 er in her clofet j thereby fnunning both 
 the fight and praile of men, and regard- 
 ing him only as the witnefs, whom (he 
 cxpeded to be the rew aider ot her piety, 
 invitatur 
 
C v ) 
 
 The next monument is that of Sir George Rooke, (i), who wns 
 defcended of an ancient and honourable family, featcd at Monks 
 Hoi ton, in Kent. And of the fame family very probably was 
 George Rookes, a perfon in the fervice of King James I, who was 
 fent by him upon fome fpecial affairs in Sicily, in the year 1604. 
 Sir William, this brave Admiral's father, was Sheriff of Kent and 
 Mayor of Canterbury, in 1684. 
 
 invitatur Innupta, & prudentium ad in- 
 ftar Vi'ginum, ardente Lampade cxiit 
 ad Sponfi occurfum Dec, die 23. An. 
 Dom. 1714. JEui. 20. 
 
 (1) INSCRIPTION. 
 I. M. S. 
 
 Ceorgii R.ookf, Militis, Gun- 
 elmi Rooke, Milius, Filii; Ak- 
 gli/s Vice- Admiralii. O quantum eft 
 Hiftoria; in ifto Nomine ! At quantil- 
 lum hie Titulus potis eft enarrare ? Pro- 
 fugientibus ex acie Gall is, Anno 
 mdcxcii, ipfeaperta CymbulS immif. 
 tus tormentorum Globi?, imbribufque 
 Glandium (tot Gallis teflibus, cre- 
 dite Poller)) ultrices primus Flammas 
 3'ptans, Naves Bellicas 13 juxta La 
 Hocue combufiit : Compofitis dehinc 
 inter Sue vum & Dan um. fummoCon- 
 lilio et Juftitia, Difcordiis, a pacato 
 Septer.trione ad MeriaieKi fe converlit, 
 iterumque exufta aut cap'a ad Vigo- 
 kem tola praefidiatrice Hoftium Claffe, 
 atq; oneraiiis immenfk molis Arge.nto 
 fcetis in patriam feliciter addaclis, opi- 
 mam Frsdam, fide integerrima, in 
 yfErariura Publicum depoitavit. Gi- 
 braltar: am copiis Navalibus pau- 
 c oribus Hoiis cepit quam pofiea Men- 
 fibus irrito Conatu juftus obfide)~at Ex- 
 eicitus. Et tadem fere Impreffione in- 
 ftruftiffimam Gallorum ClafTtm, in- 
 ferior multo viribus, Confiho & forti- 
 tudine lon*e fuperior, non denuo in 
 aciem prodituram, profligavit. 
 
 Though unmarried, fhe was invited to 
 the marriage of the Lamb, and like the 
 wife Virgins, went with her lamp burn- 
 ing to meet the Bridegroom on Dec. 23, 
 I7i4r aged 20. 
 
 (1) hi ENG LIS H. 
 
 Sacred to the memory of Sir Geor ce 
 Rooke, knt. (fon of Sir William 
 Rooke, knt.) Vice-Adi-niral of Et-.g- 
 lasHi O how much Hiftcry is in 
 I that N.ime ! And how Ikt'e is this In- 
 I fcription able to relate it ! The Fr ench 
 I t'.ing from the fight, in the Year 1692, 
 he, in an open Boat, amidft the fhow- 
 1 ers of great and fmal! Shot, (in the pre- 
 fence of fo many French, a deed 
 fcarce credible by Pofterity !) having firft 
 prepared the Fire-lT.ips, burnt thirteen 
 Ships of War near La Heour. After- 
 wards, the • difference between the 
 Swedes ar.d Danes being happily 
 and juftiy corrpofed by his advice, he 
 left the* Noith in peace, and returned 
 Southward ; where a whole Fleet of the 
 Enemies convoying Ships being either 
 burnt or taken at Vigo, he fsfely 
 brought to England the Galleons, 
 fliip- of immenfe burden, luaden with 
 Treafure, and with the utmoft integrity 
 lodged the rich fpoils in the public Trea- 
 fury. He took Gi era lt ar with the 
 Fleet, in fewer Hours, than a regular 
 Armv afterwards in Vain befiesed it 
 Months. And with the fame Career 
 of Succefs, his Navy being as much in- 
 ferior in firength as it was fuperior in 
 C induct and Courage, he put to flight 
 the whole French fleet; which, tho* 
 well provided, dared not again to hazaid 
 a battle. 
 
 Ea 
 
 Caroxo 
 
( 28 ) 
 
 On the right hand of the entrance into the chipel is affixed 4 
 mural monument for Sir James Hales, knt. who died in the year 
 1589, Lady Alice, his widow, who died in 1592, and their only 
 fon Cheney Hiles, who died in 1596. (2) 
 
 p-viamaperuit. 
 
 Carolo III. ad Solium 
 HisPANisad Libertatem 
 Eur or.* ad Pacem 
 
 His atq; aliis exantlatis Lafcoribus, He- 
 roi Christians ob cgregiam in Ecclcfiam 
 Pieatem, ob fidem Guliilm 
 no & Anna: optima: fanctiffime Temper 
 prjeftitam ; ob nomen Britannicum 
 per tcrrarum irbcm amplificatum & de- 
 coratum, non titulos fuperbos, non opes 
 invidiofas, nee inanes Vulgi plaufus, 
 fed optimx mentis Confcieniiam, bono- 
 rum Amorem omnium, ot.um in pater- 
 nis fedib' s, & nv em in Cbrifto con- 
 ceffit Den?. Obii' 4 die Jar.u.irii, An- 
 no astatis l"u<e L v 1 1 1, Chsisti 
 M d c c v 1 1 1 . 
 
 Uxores habuit tres, 
 
 Mariam Howe, de Cold -Berwick, in 
 
 Acm Wil 
 Mariam LuttereH, de Duniter-C3ftle, 
 
 in Agio Someifet, 
 Chatharinam Knatchbull, di Merfliam- 
 
 Hatch, ir. A-ro Cantiano. 
 
 C^iarum ex Secunda Gzorgium, Fi- 
 
 lium unicum, rcliquit. 
 
 H. M. 
 
 Cul. Br op k a x, 
 
 ii. S .\ M . M I L L E 
 
 ' I Armigeri, T.C.P. 
 
 (*) INSCRIPTION. 
 
 Memoriae & Po.leritati iacrum. Ja- 
 cobo Hales, Militi, Yirtutibus & 
 Muneiibus civillbus intigni & patrix 
 « :,_r •, in expeditione PoxTUGALbl- 
 . hefaurarios, in qui patriam re- 
 ft, Ann. Dom. 1519, ol 
 
 D. Ai. ici/E, ejufcem Jacob J re- 
 liCfi:c, Kamin.c fummis Naturx & I i- 
 e'atis dolibua ornate : Qua Ann. Dom. 
 1 jo,z, mottus cu. 
 
 He openeJ the way for 
 Charles III. to afcend the Throne, 
 The Spaniards to recover their li- 
 berty, and 
 Europe to enjoy Peace. 
 Forthefe and other toils undergone by 
 (his Chriltian H^ro, for his lingular pi- 
 ety to the Church, his fidelity to Wil- 
 liam the Great, and Anne the Good, 
 ever mod rehgionlly obf-.rved, for his 
 caufini! the name ot Ba it a in to be ho- 
 noured and revered through the whole 
 world, God did not grant him fuelling 
 titles, nor invidious wealth, nor thr emp- 
 ty applaufe ot" 'he Vulgar ; but the de- 
 lights of a yood Confcience, the Love of 
 all good men, retirement in his patim.'.l 
 feat, and death at laft in Christ. He 
 died on the 4th of Januaty, 1708, in 
 the 5S.I1 Year of i.is Age. 
 
 He married three wives, 
 Mary H >we, of Cold-Berwick, in the 
 
 County of Wilts, 
 Mary LuttereH, ot Danfter-caflle, in the 
 
 county of Somerf-t, 
 Catherine Kna'chbull, of Merftum- 
 
 Hatch, in the county of Kent. 
 By thefecond of whom he left George 
 his only l^n. This monum.-n; was 
 creeled by 
 
 Wm. Pp.opnax, and 
 Sam. Mil lis, 
 
 \x. and 7 1 • 
 > his 
 h Efqre. \ 
 
 Executon. 
 
 (2 ) U ENGLISH. 
 
 Sacred to Bofterity. To the memory 
 of Sir James Hales, Knt. renowned 
 for military Atchievemcms arid public 
 Employments, and dear to his countiy, 
 who being appointed, TreafjrL' 
 expedition to Portugal, returning 
 from thence to his native country, died 
 in the year 15^9. ToAixci, his re- 
 lict, a WW.an adorned with a. I (he gifts 
 of Nature and Piety, who died in 15^2. 
 C h r n 1 1 
 
( 2 9 ) 
 
 Next to Sir James Hales's, is a handfome Monument, in the 
 corner of the chapel, with military trophie?, on a pediment hip- 
 ported by four Corinthian pillars, for Brigadier Francis Godfrey, 
 Groom of the Bed-chamber to Prince George of Denmark (3). 
 
 From Saint Michael's chapel v,e proceed through an arch under 
 the afcent to the choir into the 
 
 NORTH-CROSS, or MARTYRDOM. 
 
 THIS was the place where Becket fell into the hands of thofe 
 who murdered him ; that part therefore was feparatcd from 
 the way to the choir by a Hone partition, on the door of which was 
 written, 
 
 Eft facer hicce locur, venerabilis atque beatus 
 Preful ubifanclus Thomas eft marcyrizatus. 
 
 Which is thus tranflated : 
 The place within as facrcd we revere, 
 BleiTed St. Thomas died a martyr there. 
 A grave being dug here in 1734, fo near this partition, that the 
 foundation of it gave way ; to prevent mifchief it was taken down, 
 and the way laid open to it. Againft the north wall of this ifle are 
 two handfome monuments, one of Archbifhop Peckham under an 
 
 And to Cheney Hai.es, only fori 
 of the above-mentioned James, and 
 Alice, who was (hatched a -ay by aa 
 untimely death ; Richard LtE,Efq; 
 the furviving and forrowful hufband of 
 the laid Alice, has ereded this mo- 
 nument. 
 
 (5) In ENGLISH, 
 
 Sacred to the memory of Francis 
 Godfrey, Efq; who htuif, a Groom 
 of the Bed chamber to his Mod Serene 
 Highnefs Prince George of Den- 
 mark, &c. and alfo a Colonel in the 
 army, acqukted himfelf with honour; 
 being advanced to a higher port, he gave 
 fo many proofs of a military genius, that 
 it might eafily have been prefumed, how 
 much he would havedifringuifhed him- 
 felf, if hehadlived longer. Hedied of 
 a Fever, October 6, 171 z, aged 32. 
 To their deferving Son his forrowful 
 Parents placed this Monument. 
 
 arch> 
 
 Cheneio Hales, unico eorundem 
 Jacobi & Alici.i Filio, qui Anno 
 Domini 1596 immaturo fatoperiit. Ri- 
 ch ardus Lee, Armiger, ejufdem 
 AdicIjE Maritus fuperftes, marens po- 
 fuit. 
 
 (3) INSCRIPTION. 
 M. S. 
 
 Francisci Godfrey, Armigeri, 
 qui Sereniffimo Principi ac Domino 
 Georgio, Piincipi Hssreditario Da- 
 nise, &c. a Cubiculo; etiam Tribunus 
 Militant, cum laude meruit; ad fupe- 
 riorem gradum evedus, tot dedit virtu- 
 tis militari/ fyecimina, ut facile liceat 
 augurari quantus olim futurus effet, fi 
 vixiiTct diulius. Febre correptus, obiit 
 V!, Octob. mdccxii. iEtaiis XXXII. 
 P^rer.tes mxitufuni Filio benemerenti 
 pofusrunt. 
 
( 30 ) 
 
 arch, which, as well as the piers which fupport it, has been ador- 
 ned with carving and gilding ; thefe are of rtone, but the figure is 
 of oak, on a ilab of the iarne, very found, tho' almoft 500 years 
 old. At the feet of this is that of Archbiihop Warham, which is 
 larger and more lofty than that of Archbiihop Peckham ; both thefe 
 monuments are much admired, one for its r.ge, the other for its 
 beautiful Gothic work. Above thefe is a very large window, once 
 remarkably rich in coloured glafs ; on which was the pidhire of 
 God the Father and of Chrilt, befides a large crucifix, and of the 
 Holy Ghofl in the form of a Dove, and of the 12 Apoftles ; alfo 
 feven large pi&iucs of the Virgin Mary, in as many glorious ap- 
 pearances, and many others of 1'opifh faints ; but particularly Abp. 
 Becket was moft finely pictured, in full proportion, with cope, 
 rocket, mitre, croficr, and his pontifkalibus ; and at the foot was 
 In lauactn & hanorem beatjjlwx Firgixis Maria, Matris Dei, {£?<■• 
 intimating that window to be dedicated to the Virgin Mary ; all 
 which were deftroyed by Richard Culmer, and other religious zea- 
 lot?, in the civil wars. h\ its prefent fbte it is in the Gothic tafle, 
 with a multitude of lights or pannels of glazing ; the three lower 
 rows of which are coniiderably large, and feven in a rcw. The 
 middle pannel the arms of the church under a canopy, though pro- 
 bably had once a crucifix, as all the figures on each fide are kneel- 
 ing towards it. Thefe are fuppofed to be of King Edward IV, 
 and his family; the King ia next the centre pannel to the weft, in 
 thofe behind him are Prince Edward and Richard, Duke of 
 York. On the eaft fide is the Queen, in the next three Princcilos, 
 and in the Iaft. two others ; all have crowns or coronets except thefe 
 two. The figures and inferiptions under them have been defaced 
 and ill repaired. Above thefe large lights are feveral ranges of 
 fmall ones capable of holding one figure only, their height and 
 iize have prclerved them from being broken, but the figures are 
 not very diftinguifhable. Archbifhops Uftord and Dean, and fe- 
 veral of the Priors lie buried here. And againft the corner of the 
 Virgin Mary's chapel, and between that and the paffage to the 
 Undercroft where was Becket's altar, is a monument of blue and 
 white marble, with a bult, in an alcove between two Corinthian 
 pillars, for Dr. Chapman, Archdeacon of Stow, and Prebendary 
 of this cathedral (4). 
 
 (4) INSCRIPTION. I (4) In ENGLISH. 
 
 Ai.ex anpro Chat-man, Norfol- | To Ai.exandfr Chapman, of 
 CIENSl, Sacrx Theologize Doclori in I Norfolk, D. D. in the I'nivtrfity of 
 Acidemia CanTABRIGIENSI : Sc«e- | Cambridge, Chaplain to her Moft 
 • r minima: 
 
( 3i J 
 
 Where this monument now (lands was formerly the altar of St. 
 Benedict, at which Becket was murdered, in his way from his pa- 
 lace to the choir, whither he was forced by thofe who attended 
 him, thinking the facrednefs of the church would protect him 
 againlc his aflalfins. 
 
 Near the door which opens into the cloifter, is a table monument 
 againft the wall, for the Rev. Mr. Clerke, fometime Rector of St. 
 Mary Bothaw and St. Swithin's, in London. (5) 
 
 niflims Elizabeths, FuEDtr.ici 
 Ele<floi is Palatini Conforti, a Sacel- 
 lis, Dominie fure ClementitTimse : Ar- 
 chidiacono de Stow in Comitatu Lin- 
 colniensi, & Metropoiiticae hujus 
 EccleJi e Prebendario : Viro multiplici 
 Lin^uarum ut et Literarum fcientia in- 
 ftructiirimo, Concionatori mire rlexani- 
 mo, dumque per vires licuit & valetu- 
 dinem, non fedulo minus quam folido : 
 Pietate erga Deum, charitare erga prox- 
 imum, & morum fuavitate erga omnes, 
 eximio : 
 
 ChariiTimo Fratri fuo optimequj de 
 fe merito (qualem qualem) gratam erga 
 defundtum animi Memorialam pofuit 
 H. C. 
 
 Sabbatho Morta'.itatis \n /EternitatiB 
 
 mutato, Spiritum Deo reddidit 6 Sep- 
 tembris, Anno Salutis 1629, x'Eu- 
 tis 52. 
 
 (5) INSCRIPTION. 
 
 Beatam RefurreifHonem hie expeflat 
 quod erat Mottale Viri Reverendi Jo- 
 H a Mm is Clerk f, qui W:tnei£ 
 in agro Oxoniensi natus, ex Acade- 
 nva Oxoniensi Artium Mag:fter, & 
 demum Lokdini, Parochiarum unita- 
 rum Sta;. Maris Bothaw, & Sti 
 Swithini, Reftor, in aedibus hie De- 
 canalibus, quo, valetudinis caufa, fe 
 contulerat, poft brevem moram deceffit 
 (| Octoesis, Anno Domini mdcc. 
 /Ei&t xlv. Marito defideratiflimo Re- 
 becca Clkrkk, Georgii Hooper 
 ex Agro Wigcrn: Gcnerofi, Filia, 
 moerens jiofuit. 
 
 Serene Hi^hnefs Elizabeth, Confort 
 ^'Frederick, Eleftor Palatine, 
 his moft gracious Miftrefs ; Archdeacon 
 of Stow in the County of Lincoln, 
 and Piebendary of this Metropolitical 
 Church ; a Man as well (killed in the 
 knowledge of Languages as Science*!, a 
 moft perfuafive Preacher, and while his 
 ftrcngth and health permitted, no left 
 aiiicuuus than folid : Remarkable for 
 his piety towards God, his charity to- 
 wards his neighbours, and the fweet- 
 nefs of his manners towards all. 
 
 In gratitude to his deareft and moil 
 deferving Brother deceafed, this fmall 
 Memorial was erected by H. C. 
 
 His Mortal being changed into art 
 eternal Sabbath, he refigned his Soul 
 to God, September 6, in the Year 
 of our Loid 1629 ; of his Age 52* 
 
 (5) In ENGLISH. 
 
 Here lies, expecting a blefled re(V- 
 reftion, all that was mortal of the Re- 
 verend Joh n Cler k e, born at Wit- 
 ney in Oxfordshire, Mailer of 
 Arts in the Univerlity of Oxfor n, and 
 laftly, Reclor of the united pari/hes of 
 St. Mary Bothaw and St. Swi* 
 thin's, London, who (after a fijort 
 ftay at the Deanery here, whither he 
 had retired on account of his health,) 
 departed this life, Oct. 9, 1700, a^ed 
 45. To her moft lamented Hufbaml, 
 Rebecca Clerk f, Daughter of 
 George Hooper, Gentleman, of the 
 County of Worcester, erected thi« 
 Monument, 
 
 At 
 
( 32 ) 
 
 At a little diftance from Mr. Cierkc's Monument is another for 
 Prifulla, the daughter of Thomas Fothcrby, efq; (6) 
 
 A fcreen of Hone. work divides the Martyrdom from a fine 
 
 CHAPEL of the VIRGIN MARY, 
 
 Now called the Deans Chapel, as fever al of our Deans are 
 burled there. 
 
 TINS chapel, much admired for the elegance of its ftrudlure, 
 was built by Prior Goldftene, who died in 146S, and was 
 buried here, but the Infcription on his tomb has been long fince 
 torn away. It is an elegant piece of work, with much carved fo- 
 liage at the eaft window ; the fide walls are divided by a pilafter 
 in the middle of each, from whence fome of the ribs of the roof 
 fpring, fo that each fide is as two arches. Both the pilafters have 
 bad niches on each fide fir ftatues, correfpondent to others at the 
 corner of the chapel. Out of this is a patfage into the Chapter- 
 houfe, through which Grangers are ufually led to have a fight of it. 
 On opening the grave for Dean Potter in 1770, fome bone 
 found which probably were thofe of this Prior. Since the refor- 
 mation, Gxofthe Deans have been interred here. The firft was 
 Dr. Rogers, the third Dean of this cathedral, and Suffragan Bi- 
 
 (6) INSCRIPTION. 
 
 In proximo hie fira eft Priscilla, 
 Thom.e Pother by, Armigeri, Filia, 
 Uxor Cul if. 1. mi Kincslsy Cene- 
 lofi, cui peperi" omnino liberos unde- 
 cim, quorum e numero eodem loco cm- 
 diti quatuor, fuperftites funt iVptcm, 
 Gu Li elm us, Ann a, Thomas, A»- 
 
 TONIUS, l'H.T.RE, El.IIABf.TiiA, 
 
 &Ede. Fuit iila divini Cultus, pu- 
 raeque Religionis Studio femper 
 mata : Fuit pia in Parente?, comis eiga 
 omnes & humana, conjux amantiihma, 
 mater optima, denique antique fcemma 
 virtutis atque fidei. Port annuum e 
 phthifi lantuorem, obiit poltridie nc- 
 nas Augusti, Anno icpa' \<x Salutis 
 16S3, ataiis fox- 33. Hoc et Monu- 
 tnentum pofuit in a fti (Tim us Conjux, 
 
 (6) In ENGLISH. 
 Near this place lies interred Pbii- 
 cilla, the Daughter of Thomas Fo- 
 therby, Efq; Wife of Wm. Kikc- 
 sley, gent, to whom (he bore eleven 
 Children, four of whom are buried 
 here, and feveu furvive, viz. Wi tLlA .-:, 
 Anne, Thomas, Anthony, I';:.i> 
 be, El iz abeth, and lii> r. She was 
 always earncflly enflamed wi'.'n zeal for 
 divine Vv'orftiip and pure Is. i .She 
 
 was dutiful to her Parent;, cuur:eoua 
 and civil to all, a loving wife, an in- 
 dulgent Mother, and, in a word, a Wo- 
 man of primitive faith and virtue. After 
 (he had languiflied a year in a c^nfump- 
 tion, /he died on August 6, in the 
 Year of our Lord 16S3, aged 33. In 
 memory of his beloved wife, her for- 
 rowful Hulband hath erefled this Mo- 
 nument. 
 
 ihop 
 
( 33 ) 
 
 iliop of Dover. He lies buried under a handfome table monument(6) : 
 Near the entrance, on a flat marble is a Latin Epitaph (7) for Dr. 
 James Wedderburn, Prebendary of Wells. 
 
 On the fouth fide is the tomb of Dean Fotherby, the fides of 
 which are adorned with fome curious fculpture reprefenting fculls, 
 bones, and other emblems of mortality ; but at the ends many of 
 the firft ornaments have been cut away, to make room for fome- 
 thing that required more than the tombs take up both in length 
 and height, whether monuments or altars does not appear ; in the 
 midft of the ornaments is the infcription (8). 
 
 (6) INSCRIPTION. 
 A. D. 1597, Maii 19, Richardus 
 Rogers, button- Wallenfis, Vir anti- 
 qua Familia et antiquorum virtute, ar- 
 chiepifcopi Cantu ar iensis Annos 
 18 Suffraganus, ejufdemque Eccleliae 
 Decanus Annos 13, ./Ecatis fuae Anno 
 64, hie fepultus, juitiffimae fibi vitae 
 memoriam reliquit, Exempluin fuit. 
 
 (7) INSCRIPTION. 
 
 Reverendiffimus in Chriiio Pater 
 Jacobus Wedderbur nus, Tao- 
 duni in Scotia natus, Sacelli regii 
 ibidem Cecanus; denique Dunbla- 
 nensis fedis per annos iv. Epifcopus; 
 vir antiquae probitstis & fidei magnumq; 
 ob excellentem dodlrinam patriae fuae 
 ornamentum H. S. E. obiit An. Dom 
 mdcxxxjx 23 die Sept. .^EiatisLiv. 
 
 (8) INSCRIPTION. 
 Charifiimo 1'atri fuo Carolo Fo- 
 therby, de Grimsby Magna in 
 Comitatu Lincolniensi ; dim Col- 
 legii San£tae & Individu.e Trinitatis 
 apud Cantabrigiense; Socio ; Sa- 
 
 crae ibidem Theolo^iae Baccalaureo 
 
 9 
 Cantuar 1 e n s 1 s Diaecefios Annos 
 
 ciiciter 24 Archidiacono ; Metropo- 
 
 liticae in ea Ecclefiae 20 Prebendario, 
 
 ejufdem Decano 4 ; fedulo & fincero 
 
 Verbi Piaeconi enrdatoque divinae Ve- 
 
 ritatis Propugnatori, ?:ro, pietate, t,ra- 
 
 (6) 1^ ENGLISH. 
 On May 19, 1597, Richard Ro- 
 gers, of Sutton-Valence. aMari 
 of an ancient Family and primitive vir- 
 tues, eighteen Years Suffragan to the 
 Archbifhop of Canterbui y, and 
 thirteen Years Dean cf this Church, in 
 the 64th Year of Ins age, was buried here. 
 He was heExampleof a moft righteous 
 life, of which he left the remembrance. 
 
 (7) In E N G L I S H. 
 Here lies tlieRt. Rev. Father in God, 
 James Wedderburn, born at Dun- 
 dee, in Scotland, Dean of the royal 
 chapel there j laftly Bp. of the See of 
 DumblaIN, for 4 years ; a man of 
 primitive probity and honour, and a 
 great ornament to his country for his 
 excellent learning. He died Sept. 
 23, 1639. Aged 54. 
 
 (S) hi ENGLISH. 
 To his dear Father Charles Fo» 
 thekby, of Great Grimsby, in 
 the County of Lincoln, fome time Fel- 
 low of Trinity College in Cambridge, 
 and Batchelor of Divinity in that Uni- 
 verfity, Archdeacon of the Diocefe of 
 C a n T e R b urt for about 24 Years, 
 Prebendary ofthat Metropolitical Church 
 2oYears, and 4Years Dean of the fame ; 
 a diligent and fincere Preacher of God's 
 Word, and a cordial Afferter of divine 
 Tru'h, diftinguifhedior his piety, gra- 
 " ' vi;.ts. 
 
( 34 ) 
 
 Next to this is the effigy of Dean Boys, in his ftucly, with a ta- 
 ble and reading-defk before him, fitting in his chair, and leaning 
 his head on his hand. The pillars and entablature, on which are 
 four efcutcheons of his arms and thofe of the Deanry, are of the 
 Ionic Order, all of white marble. Dr. Boys died fuddenly in his 
 ftudy in the year 1625, and was interred here, September 30. 
 Among the books which form the back-ground of the monument 
 is the infeription (9). 
 
 vitate, hofpitalitate perquam infigni : 
 29 M a r t 1 1, Anno humanae falutis 
 1619, /Etatis fuae 70, Vitae mortalis 
 fortem cum immortali gloria commu- 
 lanti. 
 
 Johannes Fotherbeius Filius& 
 Haeres devotiffime pofuit. Habuit Ux- 
 orem imam & unicam, Annos 31, 
 Csci l i am Wa l k e r, Can ta- 
 Brigiensem. Ex qua fufcepit decern 
 liberos ; corum quinqwe tantum mori- 
 ens reliquit fuperftites, Johann i m 
 Elizabeths, ex Antonio Coco 
 MiliteEssEXCiE>isi,maritum; Ph«- 
 ben Henrico, Henrici Palm eri 
 Milit.s Cantiani, filio, nuptam ; & 
 Robertum Priscills, Johannis 
 Moyle de Buckwell, in eodem Co- 
 mitatu, Armigero j innuptas reliquit 
 du3sELI2ABETHAM& MaBellam. 
 
 Quae toro prius, tumulonunc adjacet 
 fociata dileclo conj'.igi fuo, Cecilia 
 Fotherby, Cantab rig i e n s i s 
 ratu, eximium pix (dum vixit) vitx 
 exemplum & morum ; matrona vitam 
 finivit cumfabbato 19, Octobr. 1634, 
 Annos fupra ftxagenaria, nobilis ac nu 
 
 vity.and hofpitality ; who changing this 
 mortal fabbath for an immortal one in 
 the heavens, on the 29th ef March, 
 in the year 16 19, and in the 70th year 
 of his Age. 
 
 John Fotherby, his Ton and heir, 
 pioufly erected this Monument. He 
 married C/rciLiAWALKER,ofCAM- 
 BRinr.E, who was his only wife, and 
 continued fo 3 1 years. She bore him 'en 
 children, five of whom only furvived 
 him; John married to Elizabeth, 
 daughter of Sir Anthony Coke, of 
 Essex; Ph.ebe, married to He nr y, 
 fonof Sir Henry Palmer, of Kent, 
 knt. and Robert to Priscilla, 
 daughter of John Moyle, of Buck- 
 well, in Kent, Efq; and two daugh- 
 ters unmarried, Elizabeth and 
 
 Ma BE LL. 
 
 Cacilia Fotherby, once partner 
 of his bed, now of his tomb, was bcrn 
 at Cambridge, and while living, was 
 an example of holy life and manners ; fhe 
 clofed it with the fabbath, on the 19th 
 of October, 1634, aged upwards of 
 60 years, and mother and grandmother 
 
 merofae prolis mater & ava, placide in of a noble and numerous race, fweetly 
 Deo dorniiens & fabbatum mutansmor- < flecpine in the Lord, and changing this 
 
 tale hoc cum immortali in Cxlis, defi- 
 ckratum fidelibus refurreflionem per 
 Jefum Chriitum, primitias refurgenti- 
 um, hie expectat. 
 
 (9) INSCRIPTION. 
 Bonorum Lachrymis ! 
 Johannes Boisius, S. T. P.hujus 
 
 mortal fabbath for an immortal one in 
 Heaven, expects here the refurreflion of 
 the juft, by Chrift Jefus, the firft fruits 
 of them that fleep. 
 
 (9) In ENGLISH. 
 
 Amidft the tears of good men ! 
 
 John Boys, D. D. Dean of this 
 
 Ecclefiae Chrifli Cantuar i en s 1 s Church of Chrifr.CANTERBUR y, lately 
 Dec^nuB, nuper diligenti Chrittianae, a pattern of Chriftian diligence, then of 
 m ox mortalitatis humanse, nunc gra- human .mortality, and now of divine 
 tixdivinx exempluoi ; Ecdejjam ore, 1 grace. He taught, raifed, adorned the 
 
 vita 
 
( 35 ) 
 
 At the eaft end under the window is an handfome mural monu- 
 ment for Dean Turner, and on the north fide this infcription (o). 
 
 In a beautiful frame of white marble is a very good picture of 
 Dean Bargrave, painted on copper, and copied from one by Co- 
 rnelius Janfen, at the Deanery (1). 
 
 vita, fcriptis, docuir, a?dificavit, illuf- 
 travit ; et opus quo non extat Clero 
 Anclicano gratius aut utilius, Li- 
 turgias uiiiverfa; prreclaram Elucidatio- 
 nem, fui perpetuum Monumentum re- 
 liquit. Hoc minus & indignius, fed 
 tamen dcbitum felicibus manibus tanti 
 viri, mariti amantiflimi am .ntifiima 
 mcenifiimaqueuxor. Angela pofuit. 
 
 (o) INSCRIPTION. 
 
 H. S. E. 
 Thomas Turner, S. T. P. Ec- 
 clefiae 1 ecanus Beati Pauli apud Lon- 
 dinenses Canonicus Refidentiarius, 
 deinde Roffenfis Anno tisrcxxxi, 
 tandem hujusChriftiCANTU a r ien sis 
 cidecxliii. Quern Carolus Pri- 
 mus & Archiepifcopus Laud, gloriofj 
 & fan&itiimi Martyres, Sacellanum 
 habuerunt & una cum iliis fortifiimum 
 ConfefTorem j quern Rex in ultimis 
 fere agonibus, ia Curia Hampto- 
 niensi & Insula Vectis, unum e 
 paucis lidiiTimum afcivit fibi; generofa 
 profapia Redingi.k natus (ft quis 
 alter) pro bono publico; fortuna mag- 
 jiaque rerum copia, reverenter ufus eft ; 
 ingens exemplar humilitatis profttndif- 
 f;m •- , fimplicitatis Clinftianiflimae, ze- 
 li pro Ecclefiaferventiffimi. Calamitates 
 
 Church by his preachine, life, and wri* 
 tings ; and in particular left behind him 
 as his perpetual Monument, an excellent 
 Explanation of the whole Liturgy ; a 
 work of the utmoft ufe and benefit to the 
 Englifti Clergy. This monument, tho' 
 fmall and unworthy fo great a man, and 
 fo loving a hulband, a debt due to his 
 remains, Angela his tender and for- 
 rowful wife hath eredled. 
 
 (o) In E N G LIS H. 
 
 Here lies Thomas Turner, D. D. 
 Canon Refidentiary af St. Paul's 
 London, then Dean of Rcchefter in 
 the year 1631, and laftly, Dean of this 
 Church of Chrift, Canterbury, in 
 1643; whom thole glorious and holy 
 Martyrs, Charles the Fir ft and Arch - 
 bifliop Laud, retained as Chapbin, and 
 with whom he was a brave ConfeiTor. 
 Him the King, in almoft his laft trouble, 
 at Hampton Cour t and the Isle of 
 Wight, felefled from the few faithful 
 to attend him. Ho was defcended from 
 a genteel family at Reading, and born 
 fif ever man was) for the public good. 
 His fortune and affluence of wealth he 
 wifely ufed ; a great example of pro- 
 found humility, Chiiflian fimplicity, 
 and mod fervent zeal for the Church. 
 He bore the calamities under the tyran- 
 
 fub tyrannide Perduellium animo zequif- ny of the Rebels with an even temper 
 
 fimo toleravit ; & utiiufque fortunae ex- 
 pertus, utrique par exftitit. Juxta fe- 
 licem Caroli Secundi Reditum novas 
 dignitates minime ambiebat, & oitoge- 
 narius fenex adhuc in concionibus do- 
 minabatur ; jamque maturus Ccelo, poft 
 multa immortalia fafta, nihil optavit 
 mortale nifi mori in Domino, et obiit 
 Anno Domini CI3DCLXXII. ./Eiatis 
 iuae lxxxi, 
 
 Fz 
 
 of mind ; and having tatted of both for- 
 tunes, was unihaken in both. At the 
 happy Restoration of KingCHARLR sll. 
 he by no means folicued new dignities ; 
 and continued to preach to his eightieth 
 year. At length being mature for Hea- 
 ven, after many immortal anions, he 
 defired nothing mortal, but to die in the 
 Lord. He died in the year i6jz, aged 
 Si years. 
 
 (1) IL' SCRIP- 
 
C 36 ) 
 
 About the middle of the chapel is a black marble, for Dean 
 Potter, his wife and fon, on which is infcribed (2). 
 
 (1) In ENGLISH. 
 
 (1) INSCRIPTION. 
 Isaac Rargrave, Cantianus; 
 S. T. P. hujus Ecclefi* Decanus tc 
 ingens decusj amcno ingenio p etatem 
 & cruditionem ornavit ; in fcculo novi- 
 tatUnimium avido fide vixit ac mori- 
 bus antiquis ; Geniibu; exteris domiq, 
 Nobilibus gratiffimus hofpes, hofpitio 
 genercfiffimo repofuit ; Bello civili ex 
 Partibus Kegiis Caroli Martyris ftetit 
 ac cecidit ; poft vaiia per Europam 
 itinera hie tandem fixus. Obiit falutis 
 reparat. 1642. Abatis 56. 
 
 Johannes Bargrave, S. T. D. 
 Cantianus, pofterum expends po- 
 nendumcuravit,Aa.Dom.MDCCLxxix. 
 
 Hie (wltra mortem etiam) conjuncla 
 Elizaeetha Derino, fuprapofiti 
 Isaaci uxorchariflima, contumulatur. 
 Vivos amor conjuealis tc mores utrinq; 
 placidi ; mortuos liberorum pietas ; 
 poft mortem divina mifericordia, in 
 Ccelo Sc in terra, voluit infeparabiles. 
 Obiit Anno Chrilli 1687. /Etatis 74. 
 
 (2) INSCRIPTION. 
 
 Sub hoc MArmore 
 
 In Chrifto placide obdormit infans 
 
 Suavitfimus, Joannes Potter 
 
 Reverendi Joannis Potter, S.T.P. 
 
 Hujus Ecdetix Prebendarii, 
 
 Ex Martha uxore. 
 
 Filius alter. 
 
 Natus B 1, a c k b v r n 1 .t in Com. 
 
 Lancast. Ap. 2, 1-742. 
 DeiutusCantuariaejAN.dU 17, 1 74S"^« 
 
 Joannes Potter, S.T.P. 
 Cat bedralis Ecclefix Cantuariensis 
 
 Decanus, Obiit 20 Septembris. 
 
 Anno poft natum Chriftum mdcclxx. 
 
 /Etaii« lu e 1. vii. 
 
 !.' ■ riiA, Uxor ejus obiit. 
 
 Maktii, *< A n- Dom. mdcclxxv 
 
 VEutisfu<r, lxxv. 
 
 Isaac Bargrave, or Kt.nt, Dr. 
 of Divinity, Dean of this Church, and 
 its great ornament, by his polifhed genim 
 promoied piety ana learning. In an age 
 too fond of novelty, be lived conforma- 
 bly to the prim live faith and manners. 
 To foreign nations, and to Noblemen 
 at heme, he was a welcome gueft, 
 and he repaid them with a generous 
 hofpitality. In the Civil W^rs, on the 
 fide of King Char l es the Martyr he 
 ftood and fell. After many journeys 
 thro' Europe here fixed at laft. He 
 died in the Year oi Chrift, 1642, and 
 of his age 56. 
 
 John Bargrave, of Kent, Dr. 
 of Divinity, by his laft wi.l ordered this 
 monument to be erected, in 1679. 
 
 Here (even after dea.h) united, Eli- 
 zabeth Diking, the moft beloved 
 wi fe of the aforefaid Isaac Bargrave, 
 lies entombed. In life, conjuval love 
 and mutual agreeablenefs of manners, in 
 death, the piety of their children, and 
 after death, divine mercy, made them, 
 in heaven and on earth, inseparable. She 
 died in 1667, aged 74. 
 
 (2) I,: ENGLISH. 
 
 Beneath this Marble 
 
 C.-un-,lv flceps in Chrift a moft 
 
 Amiable infant, Ji-hn Potter, 
 
 Second Ion of 
 
 John Potter, D.D. 
 
 Prebei'daiy of ibis Church, 
 
 By Martha his wife. 
 
 BornatfttACKBURN inLANCASHiRt, 
 
 April 2, 1742. D»ed at 
 
 Canterbury, Jan. 17, 1745 6. 
 
 John Potter, D.D. 
 
 Desn of the Cathedral Church of 
 
 Canter bur v, 
 
 Died Sept. 20, 1770, 
 
 Aged 57. 
 
 Martha, his Wife, Died on the 
 
 Second of March, 1775, in the 
 
 Seventieth Year of her Age. 
 
 The 
 
( 27 ) 
 
 The eaft window is filled with memorials of Archdeacon Bourg- 
 chier, who died in 149;, and was buried here. 
 
 From the Dean's Chapel, after afcending fome /lone fteps, we 
 proceed into the north ifle of the choir ; a few yards from the en- 
 trance, to the left, is a door which leads to the organ-loft As in 
 this part of the church the flamed glafs is in good pi^f rvation, we 
 beg to trefpafs on the reader's patience by faying a ft w words on an 
 art which the moderns feem to have in a great part loit Sir William 
 Dugdale fays, «« Painted glafs wasfirft brought into England in the 
 reign of King John ;" but the art itfelf muft be of much greater 
 antiquity, as fome beautiful inftances of coloured glafs are to be 
 found among the beads of the ancient Druids ; therefore we muft 
 fuppofe he fpeaks only of the ufe of it in windows. Many parts of 
 this cathedral, afterwards embellifhed in this coit'y and beautiful 
 manner, were erected before that period ; but when this art was 
 known, we may fuppofe the monks, who fpared no expence in 
 adorning their church, while offerings at the fhrine of Becket were 
 continually flowing in, very foon embraced the opportunity of 
 making it appear more glorious than ever ; the chapel erected in 
 honour of the Holy Trinity, by what ftill remains, feems to have 
 been particularly diftinguifhed in this "manner; but the defies 
 fhew that it was fo diftinguifhed in honour of St. Thomas Becket, 
 whole fhrine was placed there, and whofe hiftory might have been 
 compleated from the windows of it. This is not the cafe now, tho» 
 the windows on the north fide have, in fome meafure, been pre- 
 ferved, by the buildings adjacent, from that destruction which thofe 
 on thefouth have fuftered. The defigner of thefe windows, to fhew 
 the luxuriance of his fancy, formed his hiitorical pieces in fmall pan- 
 nels, fitted to the iron framing, of fuch various patterns that no 
 two windows were alike ; but the variety and elegance of the mo- 
 faic grounds and borders, and the richnefs of the colouring, are 
 more admired by the curious, and make the lofs of what has been 
 deftroyed the more regretted. 
 
 According to Mr. Somner, the principal remains of twelve other 
 windows have been collected and put together in two near the door 
 of the organ loft. Tiiefe appear to have been in the fame ftyle of 
 painting with thofe in Becket's chapel. The figures in both have 
 been thought worth obferving, on account of the refemblance the 
 drapery of the figures bear to that in the famous hangings faid to 
 have been embroidered by the fifter of William the Conqueror, ftill 
 prefer ved at Baieux in Normandy. Thefe probably were the habits 
 
 of 
 
( 3S ) 
 
 of the times, and perhaps not very different from thofe of the 
 Romans. 
 
 The window next the organ loft is divided into feven l.a?ps, each 
 containing three pictures. i. Balaam riding on an aft ; the three 
 Wife men riding ; the prophet Ifaiah fiandmg near a gate leading into 
 the city. 2. Pharaoh leading the people out of Egspt ; Herod and 
 the wife men; the converfton . •/' the heathen . - Solomon ana the 
 queen of Flu-la ; the wife men offering \ Jqfeph and his brethren, 
 4. Lot and Sodom ; the wife men warned in a dream ; Jeroboam and 
 the prophet. 5. Samuel prefcutci ; drift prehnled\ the Pha 
 rejecting Chrijl. 6. Virginity, Continence and Matrimony ; the three 
 jiijl men, Daniel, Job, and Noah ; the church, and Noah's three 
 Jons. j. The So veer ; the rich men of this world ; the Sower and the 
 fowls of the <?;'?. Almuit all which have inferiptions annexed to 
 them. 
 
 The paintings preferved in the next window confifl: of large circles 
 and l'emicircles alternately. *I. J 'ejus among the Doclors. 2. Jethro 
 feeing Mofes judging the people. 3. Daniel among the Elders. \.The 
 aculous draught offjhes. 5. Noah receives the Dove bringing the 
 olive branch into the ark. 6. Ihefx ages of man. VII. The Mar- 
 riage in C ana. 8. The fix ages of the church. 9. St. Peter with 
 the Jewifb converts. X. The calling of Kathauael. 1 1. The Pha- 
 r'fecs rejecting the gofpcl. 12. The Gentiles fee king the gofpcl. All 
 thefe compartments, except one, have their inferiptions. 
 
 In the head of the building of the north crofs ifle is a beautiful 
 
 circular window, which has fome paintings in its compartments> 
 
 , which are worthy of examination. It contains in the centre two 
 
 principal figures, furrounded by the four great prophets, and the 
 
 four cardinal virtues. 
 
 The next windows worthy of notice are in that additional height 
 which was given to the building after the fire in 1174, which are 
 in a different flyle from thofe already mentioned ; thefe contain 
 each two figures, which are fmall, and the compartments numerous ; 
 the range of thefe begins over the north fide of the choir, and runs 
 from the north-eaft corners of ;he great tower round the crofs illes 
 and the Trinity chapel, and back again to the great tower on its 
 fouth-eallern corner. The fubject of them appears to have been the 
 genealogy of our bleffed Saviour. The upper half of the firft win- 
 dow is quite deficed, and probably for its having been a defign to 
 reprefent the Almighty ; the lower has the figure of Adam at his 
 
 * Titje -uitb a numeral circular, tl -•« feni circular. 
 
 husbandry 
 
( 39 ) 
 
 hufbandry work, with his name. Several of the reft are without 
 figures; but where any are remaining, the ftyle in which they are 
 drawn, and the thrones on which they are placed, much refemble 
 thofe of the Kings on the obverfe of our earlieft royal feals. To at- 
 tempt a defcription of each in this place, would not be entertaining 
 to the generality of readers, and take up more room than the limits 
 of this little tract will admit ; but thofe who wifli for a more minute 
 account of the antiquities of this church, we refer to Goftling's 
 Walk in and about the City of Canterbury, which will be found a 
 ufeful companion to the curious enquirer. N 
 
 Clofe by the north door of the choir is a magnificent monument 
 for Archbifhop Chicheley, who fucceeded Archbifhop Arundel in 
 this fee, March 12, 141 3. 
 
 On it is his effigy at full length in his pontificalia, and under it 
 another of a fkeleton in its fhroud, and round the fide pillars, which 
 are gilt and painted, are fmall elegant ftatues of white marble, in 
 niches, of the Apoftles, Death, Time, &c. which monument (carved 
 it is fuppofed, in Italy) the Archbifhop erected in his life-time. 
 Upon it is this infeription, in the old text characters (5). 
 
 (3) INSCRIPTION. 
 
 Hie jacet Hen. Chicheley, L. L. 
 Dcclor, quondam Cancellarius Sarum, 
 qui Anno 7 Hen. iv, Regis ad Gre- 
 g o n 1 u m Papam xu, in ambaffiata 
 tiani'miiTus, in civitate Senensi per 
 manus ejufdera Papas in Epifcopum 
 Menevensem confecratus eft. Hie 
 ' et'um HtNRicus, anno 11. Hen. 
 v. Regis, in hac fane"ta Ecclefia in 
 Archiepifcopum poftulatus, & a Jo- 
 hakne Papa xxni. ad eandem tran- 
 flatu-, qui obiit anno 1443- Menf. 
 Apr. Die xu. 
 
 (3) In ENGLISH. 
 
 Hers lies Henry Chicheley, Dr# 
 of Laws, formerly Chancellor of Sal :s» 
 eur y, who in the 7th year of K. Ken- 
 r y iv, being ferat on an embaffy to Pope 
 Gregory xu. was confecratcdEp. of 
 St. David's by the hands of that Pope 
 in the city of Sienna. The fame 
 Hinry alfo in the ad year of K.. Hen. 
 v. was in this holy Church elected Abp, 
 and trr.nfl.ned to it by Pope I h n 
 xxi i! ; he died in the year of our Lcrd 
 1443, on the 12th day of Ai>:-<.jl, 
 
 Ir.fcriftlon continued. 
 Ccetus fa^&orum concorditer ifte precetur, 
 Ut Deus ipforum mentis fibi propicietur ! 
 
 In EngRJb. 
 That for his fins, ycur merits m2>* atone, 
 O fupplicate, ye Saints, th' Almighty's throne ! 
 
 Biafii 
 
( 40 ) 
 
 This beautiful monument of their founder was formerly kept in 
 conftant repair and prtrfcrvation attheexpence of all Souls College, 
 Oxford ; but the allowance made for that purpofe was withdrawn 
 on account of this tomb's being left out of the choir when it was 
 wainfeotted and incloled. 
 
 Near Archbifhop Chicheley's monument is a marble one for 
 Archbiihop Boutgchier, with an infeription in the old text cha- 
 racters, engraved round the verge of the monument which is of 
 grey marble, very curioufly finifhed, and once adorned with ftatues ; 
 it was erecled at his own expence in his life time (4). 
 
 Oppofne this monument is a door which opens into a fpacious 
 room, where the Dean and Prebendaries hold their Chapters, called 
 the Audit-room. Adjoining to it is the treafury, formerly called 
 the great Armary. And near it is the veftry, which, in the Popifh 
 times, glittered with gold and precious lrones. Erafmus, who 
 faw it in the year 1 5 10, mentions it in the following terms ; " After 
 this we are led into the veftry, Good God ! What a profufion 
 is there of embroidered veftments of filk and velvet ; what a number 
 of golden candlefticks ! There we faw the paftoral ilafF of St. 
 Thomas. It feemed to be a cane, covered over with a thin plate 
 of filver, very light, unadorned, and reached no higher than the 
 girdle, &c. 
 
 The Church records are kept partly in the loft over the veftry, 
 and partly over the treafury. 
 
 Round the verge, at the bottom of the monument, 
 Quifquis cris qui tranfieris rogo memoreris, 
 Tu quod eris mihi confimilis qui port mcrieris, 
 Omnibus horribilis, pulvis, vermis, caro vilis. 
 
 In Er.glijh. 
 
 Tike, paffenger, this moral in thy way. 
 
 Whoe'er thou art, on fome not diftant day, 
 
 Like me thou (halt be duft, to worms a losthfome prey. 
 
 (4) INSCRIPTION. 
 
 Hie jacet Reverendiffimus in Chrifto 
 Pater & Dominus D. ThomuI)ou«6- 
 ch ier , quondam facro fanftse Roma- 
 ttx. Ecclefije &Ciriaci in Tiier- 
 IIII Prefbyt. Cardinalis Archiepifcopu^ 
 hujus Ecclefix, qui oliit xxx die men- 
 CsMartii, anno Domini milleiimo 
 mcccclxxxvi. Cujus animae propiti- 
 etur Alullimus ! Amen. 
 
 (4) In ENGLISH. 
 
 Here lies the mofl Reverend Father 
 in Chrift and Lord T110. Bourgch i f r , 
 fometimc Cardinal-pried of St.Cy » 1 ac 
 in T h e r m 1 s, in the holy Church of 
 Romf, Abp. of this Church, who died 
 the 30th day of March, in the year (■{ 
 our Lord, 14S6. On whofe foul the 
 Moft High have mercy I AmCO, 
 
 The 
 
( 4i ) 
 
 From hence we afcend a flight of fteps into that part of the 
 church behind the altar which is called 
 
 B E C K E T 's CHAPEL, 
 
 OR THE 
 CHAPEL of the HOLT TR1NITT. 
 
 THIS appears to have been built by the monks after the 
 fire in 1 174, inftead of a fmall one, which was at the eaft 
 end of Lanfrar.c's church, and* dedicated to the Holy Trinity, but 
 after Becket's murder, it was for many years, as well as the whole 
 church, better known by the chapel and church of St. Thomas 
 Becket. It is built in a different ltyle from the reft of the church, 
 though by no means inferior to it in elegance and grandeur, and 
 railed over a moft ftately under-croft, of about twenty-four feet 
 pitch. The dei'cent into this vault is by eleven or twelve fteps from 
 without ; in which at the eaft end is a crucifix, with a perfon 
 ftanding on each fide of it over an arch, which opens into the place 
 called Becket's tomb. Its form is a circle, about thirty feet dia- 
 meter, and the roof arched with ribs meeting in the centre. The 
 groyns between the ribs cf the arch are adorned with the ca- 
 pital letters I and M femce, the former crowned. The under- 
 croft is fupnqrted by four pair of remarkable ftrong pillars on each 
 fide, with two more /lender in the middle. The pillars in the 
 chapel itfelf are alfoin pairs, ftanding in contact two on one plinth, 
 and their capitals blended together and fupporting one impoft or 
 cornice, from whence the arches are fprung ; their lhafts as well as 
 bafes and capitals are cf marble, and the arches are fome circular 
 others mitred. The pavement, which is raifed a fmall itep higher 
 than that of the iide iiles, has many circular ftones laid in it, with 
 feveral fancied figures, though but rudely defigned and executed ; 
 but there is a curious and beautiful piece of Mofaic, which has fuf- 
 fered much by the fuperftition of fome, and curiofity of others. 
 The middle of this floor, where the fhrine of Becket ftood, lhews 
 evident marks of having been vifited by multitudes of people, and 
 the direction of the iron-work which was carried round it is very 
 diitincuy pointed out by them. A large arch at the eaft end opens 
 into the place called Becket's crown, which is a chapel over the 
 vault called his tomb. The building is circular, the ribs of the 
 arched roof meeting in the centre. At the time of the reformation, 
 
 G fome 
 
( 4* ) 
 
 fome addition was making to it, which that event put a flop to ; 
 and it remained unfinifhed, and in ruins, till about the year 1755, 
 when Capt. Humphrey Pudner, an inhabitant of Canterbury, and 
 in divers other inftances a benefactor to this church, gave 100I. to- 
 wards completing it ; and it was accordingly finifhed in its prefent 
 form. The whole of the infide feems to have been plentifully 
 adorned with paintings ; which as well as many remains of the 
 fame kind of ornament in other parts of this church, have been in- 
 judicioufly covered with white wafh. At the weft end of this chapel 
 Hands the patriarchal or metropolitical chair, in which the arch- 
 bifhops are enthroned. It confifts of three pieces of grey marble, 
 carved in pannels ; the feat is folid from the pavement. Oppofite 
 to this chair is the old altar-piece, now the lining of that to which 
 it gave place about 1730, which is handfomely adorned with 
 painting and gilding. The enthufiafts in the grand rebellion did 
 not deface this part of the church, nor were the monuments here 
 defaced by them ; a great part of the painted glafs is ftill remaining. 
 The figures and pannels which contain them are fmall ; but the 
 patterns are various, and feem to fhew that the defigners ftudioufly 
 avoided having two windows ornamented alike. Mr. Somner 
 thought that, if the legend of Becket's miracles were utterly loft, it 
 might be repaired from the windows of this chapel ; this is not the 
 cafe now; but in one window, a pretty regular feries of tranfa&i- 
 ons concerning the martyrdom and burial of Becket may be traced. 
 From an opening in the center window of this chapel, is a very fair 
 and diltinft view of the ruins of the monaftery of St. Auguftine, which 
 is fituated nearly in a direct line without the wall of the city. 
 
 On the north fide is an elegant monument of marble, on which, 
 at full length, are the effigies of Henry IV, King of England, and 
 Joan his fecond queen, under a canopy painted with three fhields 
 of arms, the devices and mottos of which enrich the cornice of the 
 canopy; he was fon of John of Gaunt, Duke of Lancafter, (fon of 
 Edward III, and was, firft, Duke of Hereford in his father's life 
 time, from whom he (very probably) imbibed the ambition of fuc- 
 ceeding to the crown, and, it is as probable, had made fecret at- 
 tempts againft his nephew Richard II ; who, on a difpute between 
 this Duke and the Duke of Norfolk, banifhed them both ; but 
 Henry took an opportunity of invading the kingdom, while the 
 king was in Ireland ; his treafon was fuccefsful, and by a falfe and 
 romantic claim, he aflumed the crown, and confining his prince in 
 Pontefraft, or Pomfret Caftle, gave directions to have him murdered, 
 
 which 
 
( 43 ) 
 which was done accordingly. This king (as has been before men- 
 tioned) defired in his will to be buried in this cathedral, at the dif- 
 cretion of the archbifhop. Being feized with an apopledic fit, 
 while he was at his devotions at Edward the Confeflbr's fhrine, in 
 Weftminfter abbey, he was carried to the Abbot's houfe, and died 
 in the room, called the Jerufalem-chamber, on the 20th day of 
 March, 1413. At the End of Clement Maidftone's Treatife on 
 the Martyrdom of Richard Scroope, Archbifhop of York, (who 
 was executed for treafon againft this prince) he tells us, that " one 
 of the perfons who was in the barge with this king's corpfe, going 
 to Canterbury, afTerted with an oath, in his prefence, that on a 
 florm arifing between Berkyng and Gravefend, to appeafe it, 
 they threw the corpfe into the Thames, and carried the empty 
 coffin, covered with cloth of gold, to be (as it was) folemnly buried 
 in this church, on Trinity Sunday following his death." 
 
 With King Henry IV. lies buried his fecond Queen, Joan, 
 daughter to the King of Navarre, and relic! of John, Duke of 
 Bretagne, whom the King married at Wiccheiler, in the year 
 1403. She was crowned in Weftminfter- Abbey, on the 26th day 
 of January, in the fame year ; and after furviving the king many 
 years, fhe died on the iothday of July, in the year 1437, at Ha- 
 vering-Bower, in EfTex. In the fame tomb is faid to be buried 
 Mary de Bohun, daughter of Humphrey, Earl of Hereford, Coun- 
 tefs of Derby, and firft wife of King Henry IV; but falfely, for 
 fhe dying in the year 1394, was buried hi the College of Leicefter. 
 On the north fide of the tomb, (in a fmall chapel) was a chauntry, 
 founded by that prince, for the repofe of his foul ; and at the head 
 of it, againft a pillar, is an old painting of Becket's murder, much 
 defaced by time. This monument has fufiered much in its orna- 
 ments by the carelefTnefs of thofe who have been entrufted to 
 clean it. 
 
 On the other fide of this chapel is a noble monument for Edward 
 the Black Prince, fon of king Edward III, very entire and beautiful, 
 his figure in gilt brafs lies on it, completely armed, except the 
 head, on which is a cap with a coronet round it, once fet with 
 ftones, the fockets of which only remain, and from hence hangs a 
 hood of mail, confifting of rings curioufly linked together, down 
 to his breaft and fhoulders ; the head refts on a cafque or helmet, 
 joined to the cap which fupports his creft, formed after the trophies 
 above the monument, where are his gauntlets curioufly finifhed and 
 gilt, his coat of arms quilted with fine cotton, and embroidered 
 
 with 
 
( 44 ) 
 
 with gold thread, though much disfigured by time and duft, and 
 the fcabbard of his fword, which appears to have been but imall ; 
 the fword itfelf is laid to have been taken away by Oliver Cromwell. 
 His fhield hangs on a pillar near the head of his tomb, and has 
 handles to it. The tomb has a long infcription (6) in old French 
 
 (6) In F R E N C ft. 
 
 Cy gift le Noble Prince Mon c , F.n- 
 uasp, aifnez lilz r^u tres Noble Roy 
 Edward Tier;: Prince d'Ao_ui- 
 tani & de Gal lib Due de Corn- 
 waue, & Conte de Cestre, qui 
 moru'ft, en la fefte de la Trinite, qu' 
 eftoit levin, jour de Jvin, Fan de 
 grace mil trois centz feptante filieme, 
 Palme de qui Dieu ait mercy. Amen. 
 
 Tu qui paficz one bouche clofe 
 Par la on ce corps repofe, 
 Entent cc q: te dirai, 
 Sycome te dire le (ay. 
 Tiel crmt tu es tiel fu, 
 Tu feras tie) come je fu. 
 
 De la mort ne penfai je mye, 
 
 Tant come j'avoi la vie ; 
 
 En terre avoi grand richeffe; • 
 
 Dont j y fis grand nobl<.(T= ; 
 
 Terre, mefons, grand trefor, 
 
 Draps, chivauz, argent, & or. 
 
 Mcs ere fu je a pouvres & chetiffs 
 Perfond en la tre gis. 
 Ma grande beau'e eft toute alee j 
 Ma char eft toute gaftee. 
 
 Moule eft eftroit ma mefon ; 
 
 En moy na fi vente non ; 
 
 El ft ore me veifltj 
 
 Je ne quide pas qc vous deiffez, 
 
 Qe j'enffe onqv.es home elk-, 
 Si fu je ore de tant changee. 
 
 Pour Dieu priez an celeflien Roy, 
 Qe mercy ait de 1'ame de moy ; 
 Tousceulx qi pur moy prieront, 
 Ou a Dieu macorderont, 
 Dieu les mette en fan Pataditj 
 Ou nul ne poet eft,-e chetift". 
 
 (6) In ENGLISH. 
 
 Here lieth the noble Prince P r ma p D, 
 eldeft fan of the moft noble King Ed- 
 ward III. PiinCe of AyiTAl.v and 
 Wales, Duke of Cornwall and 
 Earl of Ch ester, who died on Trinity 
 Sunday, which was on the 8th of Tun i, 
 in the year of grace i 376. To the foul 
 of whom God grant mercy. Amen. 
 
 Whoe'er tl.ou be that paffeft by, 
 Where this corps interr d doth lie* 
 Underftand what 1 fliall fay, 
 As, at this time, fpe.ik I may j 
 Such as thou art, fuch was I, 
 Such as I am, fhalt thou be. 
 
 Little did I think on death, 
 Long as I enjoy'd my breath. 
 Grct riches here I did poffefs, 
 Whvreof I made great noblenefs. 
 I had gold, filver, wardrobes, land, 
 Great treai'aies, horfes, houics gianj. 
 
 But now a caitiff poor am I, 
 Deep in the ground, lo ! here I lie; 
 My beauty great is all quite gone, 
 My flcfh is walled to the bone. 
 
 My houfe is narrow now andthrT". 
 
 I but truth comes from my tongue. 
 And if ye ihould ice me this day, 
 1 do not think, but ye would fay, 
 'I hat 1 had never been a man, 
 So much alter'd now I am. 
 
 For God's Lke pray to the heaven!) King, 
 That he my foul to heaven would bring. 
 All they that pray, and make accord 
 For me, unto my God and Lord, 
 God place them in his Paradife, 
 Wherein no wretched caitiff lie?. 
 
 profe 
 
( 45 ) 
 
 profe and verfe, on brafs plates and fillets, round the borders of die 
 ftone on which the figure is laid. The fides and ends of ic are ador- 
 ned with efcutcheons alternately placed ; one bearing the arms of 
 France and England quarterly, with the file of three points for his 
 diftinttion, and a label above it, on which is written ksumount, 
 (haughty /pirit) ; the other his own arms, viz. three oflrich fea- 
 thers, the quill end of each in a focket, with a label croffing, and 
 his motto, Ich-dien, (lferve). The canopy over it is painted with 
 the figure of our Saviour, now defaced, and the four Evangelifb, 
 with their fymbols, in fmall compartments at the four corners of it. 
 A ftone ftep, very much worn, remains under the window oppofite 
 this tomb, which probably belonged to an altar, where malTes 
 might be faid for the foul of the Prince. On the glafs were painted 
 his arras, with thofe of France and England, as on the monument; 
 but the former being broken, the latter were taken away a few 
 years fince to repair a window in another part of the church. 
 
 A few paces from the Black Prince's monument is a very elegant 
 one faid to be in part, if not the whole, executed at Rome, erected 
 in memory of Dr. Nicholas Wotton, who lies entombed here ; on 
 which he is reprefented kneeling at his devotions. Over his figure 
 is this infcription.(7) He was uefcended of a noble family in this 
 
 (7) INSCRIPTION. 
 
 Nicolaus Wotton us, Robert 1 
 Wottoni Equitis Aurati ex Anna 
 Belknappa Filius, utriufque juris 
 Doctor, Ecclefias hujus primus, itemq; 
 Metropolitans Eccleiiae D. Petii 
 JEboracensis Decanus; Henrico 
 viii. Edoasdo vi. Maris & Eli- 
 zabeths, Anglis Regibus, a fe- 
 cretis Conliliis. Ad Carolum V. 
 Cjefarem bis, et ad Philippum His- 
 paniarum Regem feme], ad Fran- 
 ciscu.m Primum Francor vm P.e^em 
 ferae], adKENRicuM II. ejus Filium 
 ter, ad Masiam Hunga«;.e Regi- 
 nam, Belgarum Pra:f:dem, ferr.el, ad 
 Guliklmum Cli vf; vsium Ducem 
 bis, legatione fun&iis. Renovatse pa- 
 c ; s inter Anglos, Francos, e'tSco- 
 tos, inter Guinas et Arderam, 
 Anno 1546; fimilier et ad Caftrum 
 Cameraksense, Anno I Si9 5 deni- 
 queEDiNBURGi Scot is, Anno 1560, 
 Qratorum unus. Hie tandem fere fep- 
 tuageniiius reqniefcit. 
 
 (7) In ENGLISH. 
 Nicholas Wotton, fon of Sir 
 Rober t Wotton, knt. by Anne 
 Belknapp, Doctor of Lav,?, firit Dean 
 of this Church, and alfo Dean of ths 
 Metropoiitioal Church of St. Peter's, 
 York; a Privy Counfellor to Henry 
 VJII, Edward VI, Q^Mary, and Q^ 
 Elizabeth; twice fent Ambailador 
 to the Emperor Ckari.es V, once to 
 I Philip K. of Spain, once to Fran- 
 cis I, K. of France, thrice to Hen- 
 ry II, his fon, once to Mary Q^ of 
 Hungary, and Governefs of the Ne- 
 therlands, and twice to Wil- 
 li a m Duke of Cl eves. He was one 
 of the Plenipotentiaries at the renewal 
 of the Peace between the English, 
 French, and Scotch; between Gui- 
 nes and Ardrf.S, in the year 1546; 
 and alio at Ch ateau-Cambeesis in 
 1559 ; and laftly, at Edinburgh in 
 Scotland, in 1560. And here, at 
 length, beirg alma ft feven^y years of 
 age, he reils in peace. 
 
 H*c 
 
( 46 ) 
 
 county, an eminent ftatefman an 
 he continued in favour and acted 
 Princes, and as many changes of 
 terbury and York. 
 
 Hax ilie ante mortem et ante mor- 
 bum, quad fatslem diem preferment, 
 et ctgneam c^mionem prophetkc ca- 
 nens, fua manu in Mufaeo fcripu reli- 
 quit. 
 
 Qui apud tales Principes, Divina 
 Providentia guhernante, laudabilitc, 
 ct in tot, et in tantis caufis (quarum 
 magnitude graviffima utilitas publica 
 fnit) feliciter bonam vitje fux partem 
 confumpiit ; cum Viruni fapientem et 
 experientiffimum ipfa invidia judicare 
 debet. Quam Temper ab omui tcnten- 
 tione Honorum fuerit alunus, illud de- 
 clarat, quod ad hanc Ecclefiafticam Dig- 
 nitatem non ambhione ulia lua infla- 
 tes, nee amicorum opera ul'us afpiravit, 
 fed earn utraroque Hf.nricu* viii. 
 (haminis merito et virtute provocatus) 
 ultro detulit. Cumque idem Rex illuf- 
 triffimus inorbum lethalem ingravcltere 
 perfsntifcerer, et Edoakdi Prindpil 
 fane exctllentiffirr.i, adhuctnmen pnerii 
 ct Reipublicx adminiftrand e imparl*, 
 imbeciliam sctatem fenili prudentia fe- 
 crctioris foi confilii regendam efle exift- 
 imaret, illis ex fedecim, quos fuprem;e 
 voluntatis fua? Teftes et Vindices Tefta- 
 menti inftituit, hunc Nicolaum (ab- 
 /entem tunc in Fkancia Legatum) 
 unum effe voluit. Edoa r do Rege jam 
 medio Regni curticulo prope confeclo, 
 tanus e primariis Secretariis fuit; quern 
 locum diutiux tenere potuifict, nifi et 
 fuis et afiiduis amicorum precibus abdi- 
 candi remain impetraffet. 
 
 Corpus ills erat gracile quidem et par- 
 vum, fed rectum} habitudo fana, vultus 
 liberalis, vidlus exquifitus, quern femel 
 tantum in die carpere confueverat. Va- 
 letudo adeo firma, ut raro morbum ali- 
 quem fenferit. Animus vero lotus, li- 
 bris et Uteris dicatus, Artium, Medici- 
 
 d an accompliflied courtfer ; for 
 in a public character under four 
 religion, and died Dean of Can- 
 
 Pefore his deith, and even before his 
 lart ficknefs, as being forewarned of the 
 fatal day, he prophetically fung his 
 fwan-like fong, and left the above in 
 his fludy, written with his own hand. 
 
 He who fpent a great part of his Ufa 
 in the fcrvice of fuch E'rinces, by the 
 will of Providence, happily and lauda- 
 bly, in fuch great and various employ- 
 ments (the extraordinary importance of 
 which redounded to the public benefit) 
 rnufl be allowed by Envy heifclf to have 
 been a wife and experienced Statefman. 
 How far he was from leeking honour* 
 appeals from hence ; that it was not by 
 any ambitious de!';gn of his own, nor 
 intereft of his friends, that he alpired to 
 thefe ecckfiaftical Dignities; but Henry 
 VIII (induced to it by his merit and vir- 
 tues) bellowed them on him unfolicited. 
 And when the fame mofk excellent Mo- 
 narch found himfelf at thepoint of death, 
 confidering that the fender age of Prince 
 Edward, (who, tho* of excellent en- 
 dowments, was then a child, and no: 
 equal to the weighty affairs of Govern- 
 ment) required the hie advice of his 
 Privy-Council, of the fixtcen witoeffea 
 and executors of his laft will and lefla- 
 ment, he appointed this Nicholas 
 (then abfent on an embaffy in France) 
 one. About the middle of the reign of 
 Etv.ard VI he was made one of the 
 principal Secretaries of State ; which 
 poft he might have held much longer 
 than he did, had not he himfelf and all 
 his friends earneftly begged leave for 
 
 him to refign it. He was flender and 
 
 low in flature, but flrait and well fhaped, 
 his conltitation was firm, his counte- 
 nance open, his diet fparing, which he 
 never took above once a day ; his health 
 fo ftrong that he was feldom affected 
 with any dil'eafe ; his mind was wholly 
 devou J to books and learning, intent on 
 
 DC, 
 
C 47 ) 
 
 On the north-fide, near the eaft window, is a plain brick monu. 
 ment plaiftered over, for Cardinal Pole, the laft Popifli Archbilhop 
 of Canterbury, and the laft Archbilhop that was buried in this ca- 
 thedral. Me being of the blood royal was buried in the highell 
 and molt honourable part of the church. On the wall above it was 
 formerly a beautiful painting in frefco, reprefenting two angels, 
 fupporting on e3ch fide an efcutcheon of the Cardinal's aims in eio-ht 
 compartments, and between them tvvo.cherubims holdino- a Cardi- 
 nal's hat ; but thefe are fadly gone to decay, and but little re- 
 mains to be feen of them. The whole infcription on the tomb 
 was (8) 
 
 Over this tomb is an old painting of St. Chryfoftom carrying our 
 Saviour over a river. 
 
 At the feet of the Black Prince is an elegant altar-tomb of ala- 
 baller, in the Gothic tafte, for Archbilhop Courtney, with his fi- 
 gure lying at full length upon it in his robes, with his mitre and 
 crofier. This prelate, by a codicil to his will, ordered his body to 
 be intered in the church-yard of Maidftone college, of which he 
 was founder, in the place defigned for his efquire, John Butler, 
 
 Use, Jurifprjdentiae, et Theologize ftu- 
 diis intentus; Linguarum Romans, 
 Italics, Gallic*, et Germani- 
 cs infer ioRiscogmtionepulchreex- 
 ornatus. Ita vir ifte genere clarus, le- 
 gationibus clarior, domi ac foris clarif- 
 fimus, honore florens, • labore fraftus, 
 state confeclus, poftquam Decanus hu- 
 jus Ecclefise anncs 25 dies 293 prcefu- 
 iflet, Lonpini, Januabii 26, An- 
 no noitra; Salutis 1566, pic et fuaviter 
 in Domino obdormivit, Tkoma Wot- 
 tono, Nepote, Haerede reli&o; qui ei 
 hoc Monumentum, non Honoris ergo, 
 quo abundavit vivus et rloreicet mor- 
 tuus; fed Amoris caufa, quem Memo- 
 ria colet, ut debet, fempiterna, conle- 
 cravit. 
 
 (S) INSCRIPTION. 
 
 Depofirum Cardinalis Poli. 
 
 A d vi '/" it 
 
 Beaii mortui qui in Damino moriuntur< 
 
 the itudies of Arts, Pliyfic, Laws and 
 Divinity, and richly ftored with the 
 knowledge of the Latin, Italian, 
 French, and Low-Dutch Langua- 
 ges. Thus this man who was famous by 
 birth, but more famous by his honour- 
 able embaffies, and mofi of all by his 
 employments, both foreign and domef- 
 tic, flourifliing in honours, worn out 
 with coils, wafted with age, after he 
 had been Dean of this church £5 yi t 
 and 293 days, pioufly and calm!) .: 
 in the Lord at London, J a?:. s6, in 
 1566, leaving for his heir Tho. Wot- 
 to n, his nephew, who has erefted this 
 Monument to him, not to do him ho- 
 nour, for that ho abundantly enjoyed 
 while living, and will inherit after 
 death, but out of true love and due re- 
 verence to his immortal memory." 
 
 (8) In ENGLISH. 
 
 The Body of Cardinal Pole. 
 
 A r.d ever it 
 
 BUffed are the dsad who die in the Lord. 
 
 not 
 
( 48 ) 
 
 not thinking himfelf worthy to be buried in his own metropolitan, 
 ■or any other cathedral or collegiate church ; but King Richard II. 
 being at Canterbury when he was to be interred, over-ruled the 
 will, and at the earncit requefl of the monks he was entombed in 
 this chapel of the Holy Trinity. 
 
 At the feet of Archbiihop Courtney, between two of the pillars, 
 bending circularly, is a plain tomb made like a round lidded cheft, 
 or not much unlike a turf-grave, but higher, and compofed of 
 bricks plailtcred ever, in which, on the pavement of the church, 
 lie the remains of Odo Colligny, Bifhop eledl of Beauvais, and 
 Cardinal Chaftillon; he fled into England in 1568, and was gra- 
 cioufly received by Queen Elizabeth, who had a great efleem for 
 him, not only on account of his honourable defcent, but his me- 
 rit and virtue, which Thuanus highly commends. He was a fa- 
 vourer (if not a member) of the Proteltant Church ; and going to 
 wait on the Queen at Hampton Court, he died fuddenly of poifon, 
 given him, it is faid, by one of his fervants in an apple, on the 
 14th of February 1571. 
 
 On the fouth-fide of the monument of the Black Prince is a 
 tomb of a Angular form, which was thought by Bifliop Godwin 
 and others, to be that of Archbiihop Theobald, who died in 1 161 : 
 But this is a miftake, his remains being removed (as Gervafc, a 
 monk of this convent, informs us) after the fire in 1 1 74, and re-in- 
 terred near the ancient Lady Chapel, on the north fide of the body 
 of the church. It is more likely to be the monument of Archbiihop 
 Lanfranc who died in 10S9, and was buried here. It might per- 
 haps be replaced after the fire, and its conftru&ion (hows it to be 
 Norman, at lead, if not Saxon. 
 
 Mr. Goftling fays, " Theobald was Becket's immediate prede- 
 ceflbr ; there was no marble ufed in the church until this rebuilding 
 it after Becket's death, and this monument is made of the fame 
 Petworth marble, of which fuch a profufion is to be feen in the 
 pillars and other parts of this church. It was evidently made for 
 the place where it ftands and was not removed from any other, and 
 if it is Theobald's, muft have been made for the removal of his 
 body. It is very Angular in its Aruclure, and from the quaterfoils 
 in which the four heads are placed, feems to be of a later time." 
 
 It is to be obferved that all the bodies buried in this part of the 
 church are not, properly fpcaking, interred, the Undercroft being 
 beneath it, and confequently this chanel built on arches. 
 
 In the middle of this chapel, between the tombs of Henry IV 
 and the Black Prince, Hood formerly the celebrated fhrir.e of Arch- 
 
 bifhop 
 
( 49 ) 
 
 bifhop Eecket, as before mentioned. The Shrine was raifed above 
 fix feet high, all of ilone, then upward of timber, plain, within 
 which was an iron cheft, containing Becket's bone?, fkull, &c. 1 lie 
 timber-work on the out-fide was covered with plates of gold, de- 
 corated and unboned with gold wires, garnifhed with broches, an- 
 gels, chains, precious itpnes, and great orient pearls. On the top 
 was placed in the year 13 14 a golden ornament, which coft feven 
 pounds ten millings, equivalent, at leaft, to feventy pounds now. 
 The crown of his head, which was cut ofF by the affaffins, was pre- 
 ferved by irfelf in an altar adjoining to the Eaft-end of the Church, 
 which ftill retains the name of Becket's crown. This was richly 
 adorned with filver, gold, and jewels, to the value of one hundred 
 and fifteen pounds twelve millings, in the year 13 16 ; a large car- 
 pet of filk was thrown over it. When the fhrine was demoliihed at 
 the reformaron, the treaiure of it filled two large chefts, which fix 
 or eight men could fcarce carry ; and at the fame time the bones 
 were burnt en the pavement of the church. 
 
 From Becket'j Chapel, after defcenoing a few fteps, we proceed 
 into the fouth-ifle of the choir, in which firft, on the left, is the old 
 chapel of Saint Peter and Saint Paul, or Saint Anfelm's chapel 
 (which is now divided into two rooms, one a veftry for the |hii or- 
 canons, the other for the Uy-clerks) fo called from its being the place 
 of his interment. He died in 1107, was firit buried in Tiinity 
 Chapel and was removed hither when the church was rebuilt after 
 the fire. Of his tomb. there is now no appearance. Formerly a 
 lamp was kept perpetually burning there, tor the maintenance of 
 which King Stephen left fome land. Anfelm being a native of 
 Piedmont, fome years ago, the Sardinian Ambaffador, by order cf 
 the King his matter, (a great devotee) obtained leave of King George 
 II. to fearch here for the relicks of this Saint, that they might be 
 conveyed to his own country. The perfon employed to make this 
 fearch, on confulting a member of the church, whom he thought bell 
 qualified to affift him in it, was fo well convinced that no traces of 
 fuch remains were to be found, and that probably this fhrine had 
 undergone the fame fate with that of Saint Thomas Becket, that 
 the defign was laid afide. 
 
 • A newel flair-cafe leads to a room over this chapel, a clofet of 
 which has a window looking into the choir with an iron grate. 
 This has been fhewn as the phec where John II. King of France, 
 was confined, when taken prifoner and brought into England by 
 Edward the Black Prince ; but with more probability it was a prifon 
 for fuch of the monks as had deferred confinement by their irregu- 
 
 H larities 
 
( 50 ) 
 
 larities ; and the grated window towards the choir was made, that 
 they might be witnefles to the performance of the facred folemnities 
 at the altar, and have a fair view of the elevation of the hoft. 
 
 In this chapel lies buried Archbilhop Mepham. His tomb is of 
 black marble, and ftands almoft within the grating and makes part 
 of a very elegant fcreen of Hone- work, between this fide-ifle and St. 
 Anfelm's chapel, but has no infeription. Archbilhop Bradwardin 
 is alfo buried in this chapel, under an ordinary ftone, near the fouth 
 window, but without any infeription or ornament. 
 
 Almofl oppofite Anfelm's chapel, is a monument for Archbifhop 
 Sudbury, on which there is no infeription. This Archbifhop built 
 the Weft-gate of the city and the greateft part of the wall between 
 it and the North-gate ; for which reafon the Mayor and Aldermen 
 ufed, once a year, to go folemnly to his tomb, to pray for his foul. 
 
 Next to this is a magnificent monument for Archbifhop Stratford, 
 but without an infeription. 
 
 Adjoining to this is a monument of curious conflruttion for Arch- 
 bifhop Kemp. (9) 
 
 In the upper fouth crofs, were formerly the altars of Saint Gre- 
 gory and Saint John, the tomb or fhrine of Saint Alfric, and the 
 tomb of Archbifhop Winchelfey which was near Saint Gregory's 
 altar, by the fouth wall, but was defaced at the reformation, as the 
 common people deemed him a faint, and paid adoration there. 
 
 Beyond this crofs ifle, on the left, lies buried Archbifhop Hubert 
 Walter, who was elected to this fee in 1193. His tomb is ftill 
 vifible, with his efligy upon it in ftone, which was originally pain- 
 ted. It is much defaced and a few years ago was unaccountably 
 white- wafned. Giraldus Cambrenfis charges him with want both 
 of learning and religion. King John (who hated Hubert extremely) 
 when he heard of the death of Geoffrey Fitz- Peter, Earl of Eflex, 
 Bird Chief Judiciary of England, laughed, and faid, " When he 
 gets to hell, he'll falute Hubert, Archbilhop of Canterbury ; for 
 doubtlefs he'll rind him there." 
 
 (9) INSCRIPTION. 
 Hie jacet Revcrendiffimus in Chrifto 
 Pater & Dominus Duminus Joa n n es 
 KiMr, Titulo fanifr Ruftina; facro- 
 fanfla: Romanx Ecclefne Epifcopir. 
 Cardinalis, Archiepifcopus Cantuaii- 
 enfis. Qui obi:t vicefimo fecundo die 
 Martii, A. D. mccccliii. Cujusanim* 
 prop'uietur Deus, Amen. 
 
 (9) In ENGLISH. 
 Here lies the moll Reverend Father 
 in Chrift. and Lord John Kemp, Car- 
 dinal-Bifliop of the Holy Roman 
 Church, by the title of St. Rufina, 
 Archbilhop of Canterbury, who died 
 on the ad d^y of May, A. D. 14.53. 
 On whofe Soul Cod have Mercy I 
 Amen. 
 
 A little 
 
( 5i ) 
 
 A little farther in the fame wall is the tomb of Archbifhop Walter 
 Pveynoids, on it is his effigy cut in ftone ; on which was formerly 
 an infcription, (o) which has been fcarce legible for many years, 
 and is now almoft invifible 
 
 This effigy was alfo once painted, but is now white-wafhed ; a 
 kind of improvement which has juft the fame eflecl on thefe 
 venerable tombs, that fcowering has on an ancient lhield or coin, 
 and is equally unpardonable by antiquarians. It is obfervable, 
 that, in old churches, the moll ancient monuments are placed in 
 or near the walls. 
 
 A little beyond Archbifhop Reynold's monument is the flaircafe 
 leading to a beautiful chapel over that of St. Michael, and in the 
 the fame flyle, being part of Abp. Sudbury's repairs; in which 
 Mr. Goitling fuppofes flood the altar of Ail Saints. The roof is 
 of ribbed arches, and at the key-ftones, where the ribs meet arc 
 the faces of three members of the monaftery, whofe names and 
 degrees were written beflde them, but are now partly obliterated. It 
 is now the choiriflers fchool, of which the organift is the prefent 
 mailer : and was formerly the armory, where the arms belonging to 
 the monaflery were kept. The ftands en which the pikes hung were 
 remaining within thefe few years. The armory (Armarium) be- 
 forementioned, adjoining to the veflry, was the treafury of the 
 relicks. 
 
 Before we quit this ifle, it may be neceffary to obferve that 
 above the large windows is a walk, which Mr. Battely calls a 
 Triforium, between the fame number of fmaller windows on one 
 hand, and the fpringing of the arches and ibme little pillars on the 
 other; the way into it being by a door on the flaircafe tower. This 
 as weil as the north ifle is adorned with four rows of fmall pillars 
 of grey marble, behind the uppermoff. of which are two of thefe 
 Trlforia, which run quite round this part of the church, except 
 where it is joined to the great tower; where they come over the 
 vaulting of the flde ifles, there is their whole breadth to wa!k in ; 
 but in other parts they are fo narrow, and at fuch a heigh* 
 from the pavement, that many find them difagreeable ; if not 
 
 (o) INSCRIPTION. 
 
 Hie requiefcic DominusWALTERUS 
 Reynolds, prius Epifcopus Wir.oR - 
 niensis et Angli.e Cancellarius, 
 deinde ArchiepifcOpus iflius Ecclefia?, 
 qui obiic 16 Die Menf. Novimbri s, 
 Anno gratis 1517. 
 
 (o) In E N G LI S H. 
 Here refts Walter Reynolds 
 ftrft Bifhop of Worc ester; and Chan- 
 cellor or England, and afterward* 
 Archbifhop of this Church, who died 
 N .vembes :v. in the year of grace 
 1327. 
 
 H 2 dangerous 
 
 V 
 
( 52 ) 
 
 dangerous, efpecially the upper range. It is alfo continued round 
 the middle part of the chapel of the Holy Trinity, but not on the 
 fides, they having a walk raifed from the level of the pavement:, 
 where the pillows are detached from the walls, fo as to leave a way 
 br< ad enough for the priells to pafs on each iidc and round the 
 chapel of the Virgin Mary, wi thout difturbance by any number 
 of St. Thomas's votaries, who might be crouding about his fhrine. 
 The whole, or great part of it was fecured by an iron fence, the 
 remains of which are itill vilible on feveral of the pillars on the 
 no th fide. 
 
 Over the entrnnce into St. Michael's chapel, in the fouth crofs, 
 is a very ancient painting of Pope Gregory commillioning Saint 
 A uguftine to convert the Eiglifh ; the print of which, in the 
 del riptinn of the cathedrals of Canterbury and Yoik (publifhed 
 in 1755) 1S by miitake milplaccd in the latter, p. 8c. An 
 organ was formerly fixed there, as mentioned by Gervafe, of 
 which the foundation Hill remains, and this picture was the orna- 
 ment of it. This crofs ifle. therefore, was only new cafed, not 
 wholly rebuilt, by Abp. Sudbury. Befides, Abp. Peckham's tomb 
 in the martyrdom, and alfo the walls of this ifle, are of much 
 older date ; the latter there is every reafon to believe were built by 
 Lanfranc, on the vaults and pillars of as early a date as that of 
 King Alfred about the year 900; from thence eahVard, the llruc- 
 ture has the appearance of very great antiquity, greater, indeed 
 than is geneialjy allowed to it, and perhaps not eafily to be 
 afcertaineJ. 
 
 We fhall now return to the fouth-weft door, which kuJs 
 into the 
 
 A U L A ? or N A V E, 
 
 CkN the entrance into which, the beholder is ftruck in an awful 
 * and folemn manner with its grandeur and ipaciculnefs, and 
 if he has a talle for architectural harmony and proportion, lie can- 
 not but admire how flrength and beauty are combined in this 
 magnificent Gothic flrudure, and lament that the memory of fo 
 exalted a -en: 'is as the defigner ih >j!d be forgotten. 
 
 At the weft end is the confiuory court, and near it is an elegant 
 font, ere ted at the expence of Dr John Warner, Biihop of Ro- 
 cheftrr, and confecrated by John Biihop of Oxon in 1636; it is 
 adorned with the figutes of our Saviour, the apoftles, and evan- 
 gelifts, which has been, new painted and gilt within thefe few 
 years. In the great rebellion it was pulled down, and the materials 
 
 carried 
 
c 53 ; 
 
 carried away by the rabble; but Mr. Somner enquired with 
 great diligence for all the fcatrered pieces, bought them at his own 
 expence, kept them fafe till the king's return, and delivered them 
 to the donor, who re-edified it, in its prefent elegant form. 
 
 On the fouth fide of the nave, between two pillars, is a large 
 raifed tomb faid to be for Abp. Wittlefey ; but this mull be an er- 
 ror, for the figures on it were plainly thoie of a man and his wife; 
 though at prefent only the indentions in the ftone appear, the 
 figures, and the infcription being entirely gone. 
 
 Near it is another ancient raifed monument for William Love- 
 lace, ferjeant at law, and high (reward of the liberties of this 
 church, who died in 1576, and Anne his wife, with the brafs of 
 two figures torn from it. 
 
 Oa the north fide of the nave, between two pillars, oppofite 
 Lovelace's, is a large railed table monument, once inlaid with 
 brafs, but now defaced, as is alfo the epitaph, for Archbifhop 
 Iilip.(i) He died at Mayfield. in Sufiex, April 26, 1 366, of a palfy, 
 occasioned by a fall from his horfe into a miry place, between Se- 
 venoak and Tunbridge, and then fleeping in a ftone chamber, 
 above three years before, and was buried by his own defire very 
 privately before the great crofs in this church, May 2. 
 
 From the aula, or nave, after afcending a double flight of ftone 
 fteps, we have an opportunity of viewing the great window at the 
 well end, built about the year 1400; it is the fame ftyle as that 
 in the martyrdom, and divided by ftone work into llages and com- 
 partments. The uppermoft, which is dole under the point of the 
 mitred arch, contains the arms of K. Richard II, empaling thofe of 
 Edward theConfefibr, whom that king had chofen for his patron: The 
 fecond range contains fix fmall figures between the arms of his firft 
 wife on the north, and thofe of his fecond on the fouth. The 
 third range has ten Saints. The fourth the twelve apoftles 
 with a youth kneeling and cenfing on the fouth fide, and another 
 kneeling figure on the north, Eelow thefe, in the upper range of the 
 large compartments, are feven large figures of our kings, (landing 
 under gcthic niches very highly wrought. They are bearded, have 
 open crowns on their heads, and fwords or fceptres in their rio-ht 
 hands, and each had his name under him in the old black letter • 
 of which very little remains. They are, Canute, Edward the 
 ConfeiTor, Harold, William I. William II. Henry I. and Stephen. 
 
 (1) Simon Iflipwasthe firft Arch- , common. The antiert cuftojn was to 
 
 biihop who had an Epitaph upon his put a rlate of lead, with the interred 
 
 tomb in the wnole church ; but fuon j party's name inferibed on it, into the 
 
 after his time they became frequent and | iepuichre with t!.e corps. 
 
 The 
 
( 54 ) 
 
 The tops of thecajiopies are all that are left of the fourteen nichei 
 of which the two next ftages confilt. The workmanihip of this 
 window is inferior to what has been already mentioned; the co- 
 lours not being near fo rich and beautiful. — From hence we have 
 alfo a fine view of the dazzling height of the infide of Bell Harry- 
 fteeple and of the well proportioned ornaments with which it is 
 adorned ; and of the rich fcreen of Hone work, under which we 
 enter 
 
 The CHOIR, 
 
 WHICH is thought to be the mofl fpacious in the kingdom. 
 The fklls for the Dean and Prebendaries are fix on each 
 fide of the entrance; they are of wainfcot divided by neat pillars 
 andpilaflers fluted, with capitals of the Corinthian order, fupport- 
 jng arched canopies, and a front elegantly carved with crowns, 
 fceptres, and rich foliage, with fuitable frieze and cornice ; the 
 arms of the kingdom, the archbifhopric, and the dean and chap- 
 ter, fhew this to be part of the repairs, after the refloration of 
 the damages done by the enemies of royalty and epifcopacy. The 
 carving is fuppofed to be the work of Gibbons. The wainlcotting 
 on each fide, as far as the Archbifhop's thorne, in the fame tafte, 
 though not quite fo rich in its ornaments, appears to have been 
 done about the fame time. It confifls of panncls with fluted 
 pilalters. Between the capitals, alternately, are feltoons of flowers, 
 and under them are crowns, and mitres. Above the entablature, 
 is an arched coping, adorned with cherubims and volutes. 
 
 In 1704, three ranges of pews were ere&ed on each fide, when 
 the old monkifh flails were removed ; and to complete the work, 
 and render the whole uniform, Abp. Tenifoo, on this occafion, 
 gave the prefent throne ; and on the right hand of which is the feat 
 or pew for the Archdeacon. It is of wainfcot; the canopy and its 
 ornaments raifed very high on fix fluted pillars of the Corinthian 
 order, with proper impofts ; and on the top is a mitre between two 
 flaming urns. It is faid by Mr. Walpole, in his anecdotes of 
 painting, to have coft 70I. but in the Biographic Britannica, the 
 expence is laid at 244I. Ss. 2d. and whoever examines the flrudure, 
 will be inclined to conclude the latter fum was the real charge, 
 when thefe alterations and improvements were made in the choir, 
 two fleps which dillinguifh the weft end of it from the chancel, 
 were taken up and placed three or four feet more towards the 
 when a quantity of melted lead was difcovered in the joints of the 
 
 pavement* 
 
( 55 ) 
 
 pavement, probably occafioned by the fire in 1 174, when the roof 
 of Conrad's glorious choir was deftroyed. Thefe fteps extend the 
 whole width of the pavement, and the middle ftone of the lower 
 one has a femicircular projection, with a fquare hole in it, now 
 filled up, which feems defigned for the reception of the foot of a 
 large crucifix. Weft from hence the pavement is of grey marble, 
 in fmall fquares ; and eaftward to the altar rail it is laid with large 
 flabs of a very different kind of ftone, the grain of which fo much 
 refembles that of wood, as to be by fome miftaken for a petrifac- 
 tion : they receive a moft exquifite polifh ; the edges are in 
 curious firata, and the tops beautifully clouded. Dr. Peacock 
 called them, the flowered Jafper, and others, the Egyptian, the 
 Sicilian, and the antique alabafter, agate. From the rail to the 
 fteps, the flour is paved with white and black marble, in a fancied 
 pattern, and the fteps fix in number, are of veined white marble. 
 
 On the rifer of the uppermoft is an infcription (2) (hewing that 
 the pavement from thence to the altar, was the bequeft of Mrs 
 Dorothy Nixon. It is i:i a iuitable pattern to that below, and 
 continues to the doors leading to the chapel of the Holy Trinity, 
 in length near 20 feet, and the whole breadth of the place. 
 
 The Altar-piece was erected about the year 1730, towards the 
 expence of which 500I. given by Dr. John Grandorge (3) for 
 making improvements in the church, was applied. It was de- 
 figned by Mr. (afterwards Sir James) Burrough Fellow and Mafter 
 of Caius College, Cambridge. The whole is built alfo of wainfcot, 
 agreeable to the reft of the choir, of the Corinthian order, very 
 grand and lofty, fupported by fluted pillars and pilafters, and ex- 
 ceedingly well executed. It has no ornamental paintings, the 
 center fpace being covered with plain crimfon velvet, furrounded 
 with a gold margin. 
 
 The organ is placed on the north fide of the choir, oppofite the 
 pulpit, which is moveable. The organ was new built in 1753, 
 but the front of the old one is flill preferved; half the expence of 
 
 (2) In honorem DEI, hoc pavimen- 
 tum legavit DOR.OTHEA NIXON, 
 1732. To the honour of God, Doro 
 thy Nixon bequeathed this 'pavement. 
 She was the widow of Dr. Thomas 
 Nixon, one of the Prebendaries of this 
 church, and died in 1732. Her legacy 
 
 for this work was 200I. which being 
 infii...c:crit to complete it, Mr. Herbert 
 Randolph, her nephew and executor, 
 contributed 30!. more for that parpofe. 
 (3) He was one of the Prebendaries 
 of this cathedral, and died in 1729. 
 
 /hich 
 
( 5^ ; 
 
 which was defrayed by Capt. Humphry Pudner, (4) who was in 
 various other inftances a great benefactor to this church. (5) 
 
 During the winter months the choir is partly illuminated by 
 twobrafs branches fufpended from the vaulting over head; they 
 each confifl of 24 lights, and were the gift of Sir Anthony Aucher, 
 of Bifnopfbourn, bart. who died in 1692, and Dr. Edward Teni- 
 fon, then, (in 1726) Prebendary here, and Archdeacon of Carmar. 
 then ; and oppolite the choir door, in the north crofs ifle, is another 
 branch of eight lights, given by Dr. Samuel Shuckford in 1747. 
 He was alfo a Prebendary of this church. 
 
 The plate belonging to the communion table is very elegant ; one 
 pieceof which ii remarkably fo, which was the votive gift of Tho- 
 mas Howard, Amb'aiTador from King Charles I. to the Emperor, 
 in hia paflage through Canterbury, April 7, 1636. Philip Bof- 
 tock Weflon, of P.oftock, in Berks, Efq. by his will, dated June 
 26, 1727, left 40 marcs (26I. 3s. 4d.) to be laid out in com- 
 munion plate, with which two handfome patens filver gilt, were 
 bought; at the fame time all the reft of the pla<e, except the two 
 great candlellicks, was new gilt. 
 
 From the choir, after defcending the ftone fleps into the north 
 crofs or manrvdom, we pafs through a door which there opens 
 into the 
 
 U N D E R - C R O F T, and 
 
 FRENCH -CHURCH. 
 
 THE weft part of this crypt or vault, under the choir, was 
 grar.ted by Qneen Elizabeth to eighteen families of Wal- 
 loons, who fled from the perfecution of the Duke of Alva, and 
 has been uied by their dclcendants as a church ever fincc. The 
 congregation at this time is faid to confift of upwards of 500 fami- 
 lies. Two door-ways are cut through the fouth wall of the cathe- 
 
 (4) He was a fea commander in the 
 reign of Q. Anne, but 'af'tcrv 
 tiring, fpent the latter part of his life 
 in Cantebury, and being fond of cathe- 
 dral fervice attended it as conftantly as 
 his health permitted. He did not live 
 to hear the new organ, ai it was no: 
 opened till December 9, 1753, the day 
 
 (5) He pave two handfome feats, 
 which are placed at the weft end of the 
 body, and fe eral glaft lanterns to light 
 the way from thence to the weft door 
 of the choir. If the organ could have 
 been placed over the fcrcen at the en- 
 trance, he p'irpofed contributing a much 
 larger fum towards it. He gave 100I. 
 
 after hit funeral, I for fii.iftiing Beckct's crown, which has 
 
 been already mentioned. 
 
 dral 
 
( 57 ) 
 drai from this place into the church-yard, through which they pafs 
 to and from their devotions. In the Couth part of it under the 
 Couth croCs ifle was the chantry of Edward the Black Prince; 
 founded by him in 1363, and fuppreffed at the reformation. The 
 roof of this is newer and of more curious conftruclion than the reft 
 of the vaults, being in the gofhic tafte, with ribs curioufly moulded, 
 and having carved ornaments at their interfe&ions. Not far front 
 hence, in the place now ufed for a vellry-room, is a paflage be- 
 hind the wainfcot through a hole in the wall into a dark vault, 
 where by the help of a candle, may be diftinguifned the remains of 
 fome ancient painting, and the appearance of a chapel, formerly 
 in great eileem. On each fide the door is painted on the wall 
 a figure of a cherubim, full of eyes, (landing on a wheel, &c. 
 as defcribed in the prophecy oC Eiekiel. Thefe figures Mr. Dart 
 has miftaken for Saint Catherine. On the roof is painted God the 
 Father, fitting with his feet on a wheel, in the appearance of a 
 man, (as defcribed alfo in Ezekiel) and holding a book inCcribed 
 Egofum quifuju, [I am that I Ai.']. Round it are Come broken 
 Centences, intimating that many people (jPIeis multa) were at 
 the houCe of Zacharias. There is alfo the name Elizabeth, and 
 this exprefiion Johannes eft nomen ejus ; and again, IJie puer ?nagnv.s 
 toram Domino ct Xpiritu Sanfto rcplebitur ; referring to the hiltory 
 in two compartments, of John the Baptift. 
 
 Under thefe paintings, on a cornice, was this infeription, in 
 old text, now much defaced, reaching to the ealt end, where pro- 
 bably, was an altar facred to the Archangel Gabriel : 
 
 Hoc All are fuit dedkatum in Honor ern Saiifti GABRIEL 
 Archangcli, 
 
 Of this altar there are now no traces, except that the arch under 
 which it may be fuppofed to have flood is painted in nine pannels, 
 the middlemoft with feven flars, and the others with the feven 
 angels, the churches and candlellicks, and Saint John writing his 
 Apocalypfe. — Mr. Dart imagines this chapel was at the rebuilding 
 of the church called Saint John Baptift's, and was piaced where 
 the old one, buile by Archbifhop Cuthbert, formerly Hood ; but from 
 the defcription of it here given, it feems rauch more likely that 
 this chapel has been dedicated to the Artels. 
 
 Proceeding farther in the Under-croft, we come to the Virgin 
 Mary's chapel, a place of great refort in the Popiih times. Eraf- 
 mus, who law it by the Cavour of Archbilhop Warham, thus de- 
 fcribesit: "The Virgin-Mother has there an habitation, but 
 " Comewhat dark, incloCed with a double iron rail, for fear of 
 
 I thieves ; 
 
( 53 ) 
 
 '* thieves; for indeed I never faw any thing more loaded with 
 " riches. Lights being brought, we faw a more than royal 
 «' rpettacle. In beauty it far furpafTes that of Walfingham. This 
 " chapel (he adds) is not fhown but to noblemen and particular 
 " friends." The iron fences are now gone, as well as the riches 
 they were to fecure^ but the (tone walls of it, of open gothic work, 
 are remarkably neat and delicate. 
 
 In it fo long ago as the year i 242, was an altar dedicated to the 
 Virgin Mary, and called, Altarc bcatee Maria in Crypt is. — This 
 chapel was not rebuilt (as has been fuppofed) by Archbilhop Mor- 
 ton, though he is laid in the obituals to be one of her votaries, and 
 though he chofe in his will to be buried obfeurely Coram imagine 
 leatijjinus p'irginis Mar'ue in Cryptis, where his tomb is adorned with 
 Ills effigy : and here he founded a chauntry of two monks to fing 
 daily mafs, with Placebo and Dirige, for twepty years, and left 
 them for their pay three millings and four-pence weekly — This 
 prelate was a benefactor to the new work of the great tower, called 
 Bell-Harry Iteeple, as appears by his device, MOR, and a ton, in the 
 ftone work. About the fame time, the devotees were in a manner 
 prevented from reforting to this chapel by feveral fprings of water 
 which flowed in there. Prior Goldltone therefore made a famous 
 aqueduct, or drain, which goes from the church-yard to the 
 church, and under the foundation of it. The aqueduft which 
 Supplied all the offices of the convent, was made by Prior Wybert, 
 who died in 1 167. 
 
 In the middle of this chapel is a large flat (tone, on which is 
 the effigy of an Archbifhop in his pontificalia; and, as it is laid, 
 that the monks, the night after Becket was murdered, buried him 
 privately here, in order to afcertain the fpot, Archdeacon Battely, 
 about the beginning of this century, had the curiofity to have this 
 ftone taken up, and difcovered a grave, which had no appearance 
 of any remains of a corpfe or coffin. This therefore may reafon- 
 ably be fuppofed to have been the place in which Becket's remains 
 were depofued till they were tranflated to his fhrine. 
 
 There were two altars in this place; on the iouth fide, one de- 
 dedicated to Saint Auguftine; and on the north fide, one dedi- 
 cated to Saint John Baptift. 
 
 Clofe to the fouth wall was buried Archbifhop Ethelred, who 
 died in 880, and to the north wall Archbifhop Eadfine, who died 
 in 1050. Here the bull of Becket's canonization was read ; and 
 here was a great concourfe of princes and others to pav their de- 
 votion* to him. "Here," fays Gervaife the monk, " GOD through 
 
 41 his 
 
( 59 ) 
 
 ** his merits wrought many miracles ; here rich and poor, kings 
 •* and princes have worfhipped him." 
 
 Hither in 1 174 king Henry H. came barefoot, and continued a 
 day and a night in prayer, making rich offerings, and giving jol. 
 yearly to find lights round the tomb. Hither alfo came king 
 Lewis VII. of France, in 1 179, and offered an hundred muids (or 
 tons) of wine, and a cup, or chalice of gold, Sec. When the 
 church was burnt, this tomb lay among the ruins, till the chapel 
 at the eaft end of the church was finifhed. Here was a (6) Thuri- 
 bule formerly, in Prior Eilria's time ; and one Paganus, a noble- 
 man, gave a carpet of filk to lay over it, and there were two 
 keepers of it, of which number were R. de Rowe and Thomas de 
 Greenwich, Here alfo ftood an altar dedicated to Becket, called 
 Altare Tumbee bcati Thomae Martyris. 
 
 On one fide of the Virgin Mary's chapel is a marble monument, 
 with gothic arches and fpires, and the effigy of Lady Mohun, of 
 Dunfter caftle, in Somerfetfhire, who in the year 1395, 19 Richard 
 II. purchafed for 350 marcs, and amortifed the manor of Selgrave 
 to the Prior and Convent for a perpetual chauntry. This tomb fhe 
 erefted in her life time, near the altar of the Virgin, and fettled 
 five millings a year on the clerk of the chapel to keep it clean. (7) 
 In the undercroft is alfo the monument (with an effigy) of 
 Ifabel, Counters of Athol, the wife of David Strogboly. 
 
 Before we leave the undercroft it may not be amifs to notice, 
 that as this is the foundation from which Lanfranc railed his choir, 
 it fhews that the eaft end of his church was circular, agreeable to the 
 f jrra given to ftruftures of this kind by the Saxons, and at the fame 
 time proves the great antiquity of this part of the building ; for ad- 
 mitting the upper walls to be of no earlier a date than Lanfranc'3 
 days, thefe vaults, or at leaft part of them, mutt have been built long 
 before the conqueft, probably prior to Auguftine's arrival in Bri- 
 tain, anno Dom. 597, when we findEthelbert, King of Kent, granted 
 him two churches ; ufed and perhaps built by the Chriltian Soldiers 
 of the Roman legions while they kept garrifons in this ifland ; one 
 lefs than half a mile out of the city, the other within it, and at the 
 «aftern part. The former, St. Martin's, was at that time in ufe, 
 
 (6) A cenfor to burn incenfe in. 
 
 (7) INSCRIPTION. 
 
 Por dien prier por l'arme Johane de 
 Borwaschs qe feut Daaie de Mo- 
 
 HUN. 
 
 (7) In E NGLIS H. 
 Pray to God for the foul of Joan 
 de Borwasch*, who was Lady Mo- 
 hun. 
 I z bsing 
 
( fco ) 
 
 being the chapel of Q^ Bertha, who was a Chriftian; and there Fore 
 we may believe it was kept in a condition fuitable to the fervice and 
 the congregation ; and there firfl Augullin and his companions per- 
 formed their devotions ; but it was too finall to receive the num- 
 ber of followers after thefe monks, who foon found encouragement 
 to fit up that within the city, which mofr. likely had been negle&ed 
 while Ethelbert and his people continued heathens, and might take 
 them up fome time to repair and enlarge. When this was finiihed, 
 Augullin after having converted Ethelbert, and been himfelf confe- 
 crated a blffiop in France, made it his cathedral, and dedicated it to 
 Chrift our Saviour. And Mr. Battely, in hisadditions to Somner, fays, 
 «« In the firfl 200 years after Augullin this church flourifhed, with- 
 out meeting with any confiderable moleflations." 
 
 From the undercroft we return into the north crofs or martyrdom, 
 ^nd proceed over the fame through the door which opens into 
 
 THE 
 
 CLOYSTER. 
 
 THE firft building of a Cloyfter to this convent was about the 
 tiiKe of Archbifhop Wilfred ; who encouraged the monks to 
 build lodgings, and confined them to monadic order in the dormito- 
 ry, refectory, &c. but from his time the changes of this place do not 
 appear, till Dunftan ejecting the fecular prielb, whom Edwyn had 
 encouraged and introduced, fixed monks in their room, and built 
 them ceils, a cloyfte--, 8tc. which being deltroyed bv the Danifh fury 
 in the time of Elphege, lay in ruins ; and were neglected till Lan- 
 franc came to the fee, and he built the cloyfter, the cellar, refe&ory, 
 dormitory, and other conventual offices ; nor did they fuffer in the 
 great conflagration. It appears in the relation of Becket's murder, 
 that they were then fituated as they now are, and were not altered 
 or repaired till the year 1:95, w ' ien Henry d'Eftria, then piior of 
 this church, new paved them, and built a new goal, which coft 42I. 
 os. 2d. When the body of the church was new-built, Archbifhop 
 Courtney began the work of the prefent cloyfter at his own charge. 
 Tne fouth-fide that leads direftly from the martyrdom into the Arch- 
 bifhop's palace he re-bui!t, and prior Chillenden completed the 
 other three fides, together with the chapter-houfe and great dormi- 
 tory. — In building the cloyfter he was affifted by Archbifhop Arun- 
 del, and by the contributions and affiftance of many other perfons, 
 whofe arms, according to the cuftom of thofe tiroes, are vilible on 
 the roof of them. Archbifhop Courtney's arms are at the entrance 
 st the welt end. There 
 
( 6i ) 
 
 Tliere are about 683 efcutcheons in the whole, which were origi- 
 nally painted in their proper colours, but a few years ago were all 
 white-wafhed. 
 
 This cloylter is a very beautiful fquare building, curioufly arched 
 with (tone ; all the arches are of the fame breadth, and are fupported 
 by fmall pillars three in one, with one capital and 15 ribs fpring- 
 ing from each, at the interferons' of which the efcutcheons of arms 
 are placed. 
 
 About the year 1480, prior Sellyng, for the greater privacy and 
 warmth, glazed the fouth pane, or ambulatory, that the monks 
 might there ftudy and meditate. He likewife beautified it with 
 carols, or texts, painted and written upon the walls. This fide was 
 thought molt private, as adjoining to the church, for the other 
 walks were not fo retired, feveral offices communicating with them. 
 In the north-walk which feems to have more remains of antiquity 
 than any of the other, was the refettory. On the weft fide was the 
 way to the cellerer's lodgings; and on the eaft fide is the opening 
 of the Chapter-Houfe ; being a large door, having on each fide 
 three beautiful arches, like windows, fupported by pillars of a cu- 
 rious kind of (tone, but their polifh and beauty are loft. 
 
 The Cloylter, with the inclofure in the middle, is now the ufual 
 burying place for the inhabitants of the church precincts. 
 
 There are only three monuments in the cloyfter, two of which 
 are about the middle of the weft walk, and in the north walk is a 
 very fmall table monument, all placed againft the wall (8). 
 
 There are a great number of inferiptions on grave-Hones in the 
 cloyfter, as well as in the adjoining inclofure ; an attempt to notice 
 
 1. Near this place lies the body of Tho- 
 snas Knowler, Gent, late Alderman of 
 Canterbury. He had two wives Mar- 
 tha Twyman and Jane Parker, by them 
 15 Children, by his ift Wife 3; Henry, 
 Thoroas, and Sofan, by his 2d — 12. 
 Anne, Gregory, Thomas, Jane, George, 
 tlizabeth, Jane, Hefter, Thomas, Mar- 
 
 (8) With thefe Inferiptions. 
 
 tha, Danl. and Elizabeth ; he was an 
 Alderman above 30 years, and feveral 
 year. Chamberlain, twice Mayor of 
 Canterbury, once in the Raigne of 
 King Charles II. in the year 1673 and 
 in the Raigne of K. James II. in the 
 . year 1687. He died the 20th March 
 ! 1705, aged 67 years 
 
 2. Near this place, in hopes of a joyful 
 Refurredtion,reileththebodyof Hester 
 Pembrook, late of the Precincts, 
 of this church, who died 5, January 
 1774, aged So years. 
 
 3. Near vnto this lieth interred the 
 Body of Simon Man, who was one of 
 the Veftrys [" Velturers] of this church, 
 who died the 16th of November 1673, 
 aged 71. 
 
 all 
 
f 62 ; 
 
 all would be unnecefTary, and far exceed the limits of this little 
 book (9). 
 
 (9) On four floncs in the north walk are the following 
 
 INSCRIPTIONS. 
 H. S. E. 
 
 I. Revdu'.JoiiANNEsFR ANCF5, A. 
 
 M . Scholx hie regia? Archididas : et Ec- 
 clefiae, deHarblertown Reclor. Vir lane 
 fi per faxi hujulce fpatium liceiet, omni 
 laude cumulandus, Ludimagiller fiqui- 
 dem gnavus &.- afliJuus, Qui alutnntt, 
 ■quos cdocuit panter et deleclavit, turn 
 ipforum parentibus mcrito habitus eft 
 Carifiimws. " 
 
 •• Vir erat intfr paucos propofiti te 
 " nax, Qucdque recium cenfuit in eo 
 u Conftanter perftitit." 
 
 Aft vero ! ouanlii in cognatos quibus 
 folummodo vixifle videtur, Etat muni- 
 ficentia, non hujus eft loci enairare. 
 JVloitem obiit Calebs ^Etatis Anno 
 XXXXI, poft natum Xtum Anno 
 MDCCXXXIII. Hie jacet Tho. 
 Francis. Obiit 23 Jan. 1736. x 40* 
 Jane Francis, Mater J. & Tho. 
 Ob. 23 Ap. 1752. a: 91. 
 
 This Epitaph was drawn up by the 
 Rev. Mr. James Evans, Second Mafter, 
 who died in Oclober 1740, and is buried 
 in the fame Cloyfter. 
 
 z. Quam lubrica res et caduca fit 
 vi;a, Hinc difcire, Impuberes, et fapite, 
 Hie jacet Giokcius Shorey, Lon. 
 dinenlis, tantum fexennis ; Flofculus, 
 Eheu ! quam Lbito. Fleb.lis occidit 
 Anno Xti 1740-1. Menlis Martii die 
 undevicefimo. 
 
 3. M.S. 
 Merens 
 Poiuit 
 Edvvardus Hafted, Armiger, 
 
 Filiolae Suae Maria, | 
 
 Quam ex Anna uxore rjus fufcepit 
 
 Parvula Haec, 
 
 Cum 9 t3ntum menfes pullulaflet, 
 
 Abrepta eft 
 
 Ad Cbrifti Cfcula 
 
 15 die Septembris, A. D. 1774* 
 
 Talis 
 
 Giiim eft Regnvm Ctelorum. 
 
 Vale, 
 
 Maiia, 
 
 Vale. 
 
 In ENGLISH. 
 1. Here lies the Reverend John Fran- 
 cesM. A. Head-Maiter of theK'ng's 
 School here, and Rtdor of Harbkdown. 
 A man, who, if the limits of thu ftone 
 would permit, might juftly be men- 
 tioned with the higheft applaufe, as a 
 learned and diligent fchoolmatler, as 
 iniirudting and at the fame time de- 
 lighting his fcholars, and as being de- 
 fei ved'y much efteemed by their parents. 
 " He was a man among few tena- 
 '* cious of what he relblved. And, 
 " what he thought right, in that he 
 ' refulutely peif.fted." 
 
 • Tefe words were erafed by order of 
 the Dean. 
 
 Cut the extent cf his munificence to 
 his relations, for whom alone he 
 feems to have lived, cannot with pro- 
 priety here be related. He died, unuiar, 
 ried, in the XXXXI year of his age, of 
 our Lord 1736. Here lies Tho. Fran- 
 ces, who died Jan. 23d, 1736, aged 40. 
 Jane Frances, the mother of John and 
 Thomas, oied April 23, 1752, aged 91. 
 
 2. How briliant and tranfient is life, 
 hence learn, ye young, and be wife.' 
 Here lies George Shore), of London, 
 only fix years old; a tender flower, a- 
 las ! how foon cut down, he died, much 
 lamented, in the year of our Lord 
 1740-1, on the 1 ith day of March, 
 3. To the 
 Sacred Memory 
 of his infant daughter Mary, 
 
 born of Anne his wife, 
 
 this is forrowfully inferibtd 
 
 by Edward Hafled, Efq. 
 
 This little one, 
 
 after blooming only nine month*, 
 
 was fnatched to the arms of Chrift 
 
 Sept. 15, 1774- 
 
 For of fuch 
 
 is the kingdom of Heaven. 
 
 Farewell, 
 
 Maria, 
 
 Farewsll. 4. STE« 
 
( 63 ) 
 
 CHAPTER-HOUSE, 
 
 Now commonly called 
 
 The SERMON-HOUSE. 
 
 THIS building was begun and compleated at the charge of 
 Prior Thomas Chillenden, about the year 1400, in which 
 undertaking he was ailiited and encouraged by Archbifhops Court- 
 ney and Arundel. It is very lofty and fpacious; the roof is efteemed 
 very curious ; it is faid to be of Irilh oak, or Spanifh chefnut, com- 
 pofed of large fquares, 12 of which reach the whole length of the 
 building, and feven, joined with proper angles, form the breadth 
 almoft like an arch. Thefe fquares are filled with frhall pannels 
 framed in a well-fancied pattern, with efcutcheonsand flower-work, 
 painted, carved and gilt; and the whole is entirely free from gir- 
 ders or other incumbrances, which might prevent a fair and open 
 view of it. The room is almoft furrounded with arches or flails, di- 
 vided by pillars of Suflex marble, thirteen of which take up the whole 
 breadth of the eaft end, and have gothic pyramids of ftone above 
 
 4. STEPHEN HALL, 
 only fon of Crifp Stephen Hall, Efq. 
 died April 9, 1742, 
 aged 7 years. 
 Though infant years no'pompous honours claim, 
 The vain parade of monumental fame, 
 To better praife the laft great day (hall rear 
 The fpotleis innocence tnat (lumbers here. 
 The above lines are by Mrs. E. Carter of Dealt 
 
 On a large headftone in the centre of 
 the inclofure, are the following lines : 
 
 Here lie the remains of Mr. Charles 
 Perronet, who chearfully refi?ned his 
 foul to God on the 12th day of Auguft, 
 1776, in the 54th year of his 3ge. Di- 
 vine grace had eariy taken poffefnon of 
 ills heart, and early infpircd him with 
 a deep fenfeof religion. A triune God 
 was the delightful oLjeft of his devout 
 meditations. He gave proof whofe 
 difciple he was, by a holy exemplary 
 life, fpeat in ail godly fimplicity 3 an: 
 
 labouring, through much affliction, to 
 bring many fouls to heaven. Thofe, 
 who received the glad tidings, he rejoiced 
 over; thole who did not, he deeply 
 mourned tor; and in behalf of both, he 
 poured out in»eirant prayers to God. 
 Thus he learned Chrift, and thus he 
 :n h,m. Reader, go thou and 
 ( ife ; then fhalt thou be enabled 
 to pour out thy foul, as he did, in thole 
 glorious v\ords of lis dear dying Loidi 
 
 " Father, into ihy bunds 
 
 I commend a»;- i; irit", 
 
 them, 
 
( <4 ) 
 
 them, adorned with pinnacles, carving and gilding. The (tails are 
 35 o-i each fide, five of which, next to the call corner, have had the 
 capitals of their pillars, and the fpandrils between their archesgilt; 
 therelt in other refpe&s are much the fame, the fpandrils being fil- 
 led with a carved kind of quaterfoils, then a fort of architrave and 
 cornice, and above them a little battlement 14 or 15 feet from the 
 floor. The name of Chillenden was formerly at the bottom of the 
 weft window over the door. And in c«e of the fouth windows are 
 the arms of Arundel. In all the windows, which are nearly in the 
 fame tafte as thole in the body of the church, are fome remains of 
 coloured glafs, and in the upper lights of the weft one are feveral 
 handfome emblematical figures, with the nimbus or circle about 
 their he.ids, and iymbols In their hands, reprcfenting the orders of 
 the hierarchy, with their titles underneath. 
 
 Prayers are read here every morning in fummer atfeven o'clock, in 
 winter at eight. The vifitation of the church by the Archbifhop 
 is always held here, and the Dean and Chapter meet here and open 
 their chapters in June and November, from whence they adjourn to 
 the Audit-Room in the church. 
 
 Richard Clifford, Archdeacon of Canterbury, was a benefactor to 
 this building, as appeared by his pifture and name once vifible in it. 
 
 From the Cliaprcr- Houfe we alcend into the upper north crofsof 
 the church, and proceed to the 
 
 LIBRARY. 
 
 THIS place is a neat and handfome gallery, well furnifhed 
 with books. It was formerly the Prior's chapel, fo called 
 from its fituation in the priory, and to diftinguifh it from that in 
 the church; it was dedicated to the Virgin Mary, and was there- 
 fore called her ciiapel. Mr. Somner, miflead by the pidures of 
 Becket the Virgin Mary, King Lewis VII, and Pope Alexander III. 
 painted on the walls, towards the call end, and llained in the glafs 
 windows, niftakea ihe name, and calls it Saint Thomas's chapel. 
 
 This chapel was of no fmall elleem formerly, as appears by the 1 
 account of the riches and furniture of it. It was probably built 
 in the time of Archbifhop Winchelfey, who, to raife money for 
 the expence, granted forty days indulgence to all fuch as fhould vifit 
 this cliapel and repeat the Pater Noiler at the Virgin's altar. This 
 was cuftomary on building or repairing any church, and by fuch 
 means, the offerings of votaries re- im burled the ex-pence. 
 
 Prior Sellyng beautified it, at which time it was called theLibrary 
 over the Prior's Chapel. He alfo gave many books to it. 
 
 The 
 
( 65 ) 
 
 The Archbifhops Siricius, Lanfranc, Winchelfey, Stratford, 
 Courtney, and Arundel, and Priors Hathbrand and Chillenden, 
 were benefactors to it. 
 
 This Library, Mr Somner fays, was {hamefully robbed ; but it 
 is now well replenished. 
 
 In Dart's appendix is an account of books anciently in it. 
 In this place is a curious cftagon table of black marble, inlaid 
 with figures in white, reprefenting, in the centre, Orpheus playing 
 to the beads, and round it are various kinds of hunting, the whole 
 well executed. 
 ' A large brafs eagle, which lately flood in the choir, 2nd on 
 which the leffons ufed to be read, is now removed into the library ; 
 round it is engraved, OVLIELMVS BVRROVGHES LONDI- 
 NI ME FECIT ANNO D. 1663. Its feet are three brafs lyons. 
 In this place is a colle&ion of antique coins and medals, made 
 abroad, and given to this library by Dean Bargrave and Dr. Meric 
 Cafaubon. Alfo, a collection of manufcripts given by Doctor 
 Cafaubon : among which are the annals of his life. 
 
 On the ftair cafe leading to the library is a very ancient piclure^ 
 reprefenting Queen Edyve, in her robes, with her crown and 
 fceptre. In the back-ground is a view of Birchington, in the ifle 
 of Thanet, which probably is not of the fame antiquity, and at 
 the bottom are the following lines in old characters: 
 Edyve the good i^ueen, and noble mother 
 To Ethel/lane, Edmund, and Eldred, 
 Kings of England ; every each after other, 
 To Chrifs Church of Canterbury, did give indeed 
 Monkton, and Thorndenn, the Monies there to feed, 
 Teynham, Clceve, Coivlinge, Oft er land, 
 Eajl-farleugh ; and Lenbam, as ive believe, 
 The year Domino MLXI of ChrijVs Incarnation. 
 
 7. P. F. 
 On the flair-cafe alfo is a drawing reprefenting on a large fcale, 
 " the Ichnography, or platform, of the Precin&s of Chrift Church, 
 *' Canterbury, together with the Bifhop's palace and the houfes 
 '* circumjacent, &c. and the vaults and water works; meafured 
 " and delineated by Thomas Hill, A. D. 1680, 
 
 K From 
 
( 66 ) 
 
 From the Library we proceed into the 
 
 GREEN-COURT. 
 
 IN which are feveral good houfes belonging to the Dean, Pre- 
 bendaries, Zee. The Deanery is a fpaciou* building, with ma- 
 ny good rooms. In che great room called the guard room, are 
 pictures of all the Deans (Dean Eglionby alone excepted.) The 
 old hall was in 1771 inclofed and converted into a dining parlour, 
 and a new door opened in the centre of the houie by Dean North, 
 the prefent Difhop of Worceller. 
 
 The pafTage which leads to the north door cf the church, was 
 part of the monks Porter, or Dormitory, therefore, like all their 
 other offices, is raifed on vaults. Under it is a dark paflage lead- 
 ing to the Cloylter. 
 
 At the north-weft corner ftood the old Aula et Camera Hofpitum, 
 for the entertainment of pilgrims and travellers, now the houfes of two 
 of ihedix Preachers, and theAuditor ; they alfo Hand on arches ; the 
 Jatier of them is now ufed as che fpiritual court or regifter's office, 
 and there is a very ancient and graceful aicent to it by itone fteps, 
 with imall marble pillars on e^/.h fide. (<?) 
 
 Under part of this building a paffage leads into the MINT- 
 YARD, fo called from K. Henry YlII's eftablifiiing a mint there for 
 the coinage of money during his war with France, foon after the 
 general difiblution of the monaliery, and converting to that ufe the 
 almonry which had been reftured, together with the reft of the fciteof 
 the priory, except che cellerar's hall and lodging, which were annex- 
 ed to the Archbifhop's palace. In this place is the KING'* 
 SCHOOL, founded by K. Henry VIII. for a Matter, Ulher, and 
 fifty Scholars ; who were to eat at the common table, which the 
 provifion made by him for it could not long maintain. The fifty 
 Scholars areelecled only at the November chapter, as many as may 
 fupply the vacancies of the eniuing year ; they mull be between the 
 ages of nine and fifteen ; they receive each a llipend of 4I. a year, and 
 hold their fchoJarfhips for five years. Befides the royal foundation 
 there are two fcholarfhips for relations of the family of Hey- 
 man, and many charitable legacies and endowments for fcholars at 
 the different univerfities, which have been bequeathed from time 
 
 (o) Mr. Grofe, in his antiquities, I plate of this piece of ancient archi- 
 vol. 1, preface, p. 67, has given a | teclurc. 
 
C 6 7 ) 
 
 to time by different perfons. Dr. William Harvey the firft difco- 
 verer of the circulation of the blood, and the Right Hon. Edward 
 Thurlow, the prefent Lord Chancellor of England, received the 
 early part of their education at this fchool, as have many others, 
 whofe learning and induflry, as well as birth and fortune, have 
 raifed them from hence to high pofts in church and ftate. 
 
 The original fchool houfe was in the Oaks juil within the ceme- 
 tery-gate, where the plumbery now ilands. 
 
 The Hortv.s Con-vcntus, or, garden of the Convent, which flood 
 fouth of the eait end of the church, is now called 
 
 The OAKS. 
 
 THE origin or antiquity of this name is not knov/n. The 
 trees there at prefent are chiefly limes, one walk of which 
 is much frequented. Here alfo are feveral houfes belonging to the 
 Prebendaries. At one end of the public walk is a door leading in^ 
 to a bowling-green, which is bounded to the eaft by the city wall 
 and one of the ancient towers of it, in the beft prefervation of any 
 part now remaining. Near the bowling-green is a poflern in the 
 Wall oppcfite the great gate of Saint Augufline'j monauery. 
 
 From the Oaks we pafs through a very ancient gateway, which 
 is efteemed a curiofity, called the Gementery-gate, into 
 
 The G H U R C H -Y A R D. 
 
 THIS was formerly the outer burying-ground of the convent; 
 the ruins of a large table monument were cleared away here 
 Tome few years ago, but no account of it can be traced ; by the 
 remains of brafs Muds on it, it appeared to have had figures inlaid. 
 The inner burying ground, where many of the monks were bu- 
 ried, is adjoining to Beckct's chapel, on the wall of which many 
 memorials of them are ftill vifible. 
 
 The Gate which leads from the Church-yard into the city, ii 
 a magnificent ftrudture, and formerly was extremly beautiful; the 
 architecture is curious and well worth obfervation. In a niche over 
 the gate flood formerly a large flone image of Christ, to whom 
 the church was dedicated, over which was the image of the Holy 
 Ghost, in the form of a Dove. This ftatue was pulled down with 
 ropes in the year 1643. 
 
 Kz Op. 
 
( 68 ) 
 
 On the outfule front is the following Inscription, in large let- 
 ter* : HOC OPUS CONSTRUCTUM EST MELLESIMO 
 QUINGENTESIMO DECIMO SEPTIMO. It was built by 
 Prior Thomas Goldftone, the fecond of that name, who alfo new. 
 built the great tower of the church, and who may be traced in 
 different parts of the church and convent by the three gold ftones> 
 the two firft letters of his name and furname, and the mitre and 
 paltoral ftaff. But this, like many of the curioufly ornamented 
 parts of the cathedral, has fuffered much by time ; the figures and 
 rich carvings of the ftone work being nearly ail gone. A plate of 
 it was engraved, from an accurate drawing by a lady of Can- 
 terbury, and given in the firft edition of Gollling's Walk; which 
 will give the reader a much better idea of its former grandeur than 
 the gate itlfelf will at this time. 
 
 We cannot better clofe this account of the cathedral, than with 
 the following extract from Mr. Walpole : On confidering and 
 •' comparing the progrefs of Gothic architecture, the delicacy, 
 f< lightnefs, and tafte of its ornaments, it feems to have been at 
 *' its perfection about the reign of Henry IV, as may be ken 
 " particularly by the tombs of the Archbifbops at Canterbury. 
 " That cathedral I mould recommend preferably to Weftminfter to 
 '* thofe who would borrow ornaments in that ltyle." (i) 
 
 The tomb of Archbilliop Warham in the martyrdom, though fo 
 late as Henry VlII's reign, and, confequently, one of the mod 
 modern in the church, has ferved as a model for one of the 
 chimney-pieces at Mr. Walpole's elegant and truely Gothic villa, 
 Strawberry-hill. 
 
 Adjoining to the precinfts of the cathedral, on the weft of the 
 Cloyiler and Green Court, are the precincts and remains of 
 
 The ARCHBISHOP'S PALACE. 
 
 THIS is now only magni noviinis tnnbra, a mere fhadow of 
 what it was, having been demolifhed in Cromwell's time, 
 and ever fince leafed out, and turned into tenements. In the mid- 
 dle is a large piece of ground, which about ninety years ago was 
 a bowling-green, fince that has been a garden, and is now, in 
 great meafure, converted to a timber-yard. 
 
 On the weft, the old gate-houfe (formerly ufed for the Lollards 
 tower, or prifon, and fo called) llill remains. 
 
 The Archbifhop's way to the church was through the fouth 
 cloyiler to the door of the martyrdom, which Beckct, we are told, 
 
 had 
 
 (1} Anecdotes of Painting, vol. i, p. 113. 
 
( 69 ) 
 
 had juft entered when he was attacked and murdered. Several re- 
 mains of Gothic grandeur in pillars, arches, &c. may ftill be feen 
 in a garden, which was probably part of the great hall, fo 
 famous in hiftory, begun by Archbilhop Hubert about the yfar 
 1 200, finifhed by his immediate fucceflbr Archbilhop Langton, 
 and rebuilt by Archbilhop Parker in 1572. The expences of its 
 erection, together with thofe of the feafting, &c. at the tranflation 
 of St. Thomas Becket, laid a very heavy debt on the fee, which 
 was not cleared till the time of Abp. Boniface, the fourth in fuc- 
 ceflion from Langton. The fum was 22,000 marcs. The pay- 
 ment of this debt, according to Somner, drew from Boniface the 
 following reflexion ; " My predeceflbrs built this hall at great ex- 
 "' expences ; they did well indeed ; but they laid out no money 
 " about this building, except what they borrowed : I feem indeed 
 " to be the builder of this hall, becaufe I paid their debts" (2). 
 In this hall King Edward I. (after being married in the cathedral) 
 kept his nuptial fealt in 1299 ; Archbilhop Warham in 1520 en- 
 tertained the Emperor Charles V. and his mother the Queen of 
 Arragon, together with King Henry VIII. and his Queen, &c. 
 And laftly, Archbilhop Parker entertained Queen Elizabeth, the 
 Count de Retz, &c. in 1573. 
 
 In fome of the houfes, Archbilhop Parker's arms, and te 1572" 
 flill remain carved or painted on the chimney pieces and windows. 
 The palace was originally builtand added to the fee by Archbilhop 
 Lanfranc. At prefent the Archbifhops have no place of refidence 
 in their diocefe, their only two remaining palaces, Lambeth and 
 Croydon, being both in the diocefe of Winchefter. 
 
 (1) la July 1777, the fcite of this 
 part of the palace was purchafed of Mr. 
 Quail, of the Ifle of Man, by Mr. Edw. 
 Smith, of the city of Canterbury, and 
 he in 1781 conveyed that portion of it 
 whereon ftood the ancient remains 
 abovementioned to John Monins, efqj 
 
 who has pulled the whole down, except 
 the fquare tower or porch of the great 
 hall, (a plate of which, as it ftood in 
 1769, was published by Mr. Grofe, in 
 his Antiquities) and built an elegant 
 houfe with fuitable offices, upon the 
 premifes and rcfidea in it. 
 
 AN 
 
( 7° ) 
 
 An Historical Catalogue 
 
 OF THE 
 
 ARCHBISHOPS of CANTERBURY. 
 
 From Aucustin to the prefcnt Time ; 
 
 With the refpettive Dates of their Nomination, 
 
 AUGUSTI 
 
 JJE was a monk, fome fay Prior of 
 theconvent of St. Andrew at Rome, 
 and brought op under S,t. Gregorv, who 
 wa6 advanced to the papal chair A. D. 
 590. This St. Gregory, prompted by his 
 teal for religion, and having his com- 
 paffion excited by the fight of fome 
 beautiful Englifh youth expofed tofale in 
 the ftreets of Rome, refolved to attempt 
 the converfion of their countrymen, 
 who, he was told, were ftill heathens. 
 What might bean additional encourage- 
 ment to him \a this undertaking was, 
 that the long and bloody contelts be- 
 tween the Saxons, and Britons who 
 were Chriftians, had greatly abated, and 
 they began to make treaties of peace, 
 and form alliances ; and the marriage 
 pfEthelbert, King of Kent, with Bir- 
 tha, daughter of Chertbert, King of 
 France, a Chriftian Princefs of great 
 virtue and merit, contributed not a lit- 
 tle to abate the prejudices of that princ e 
 and his fubjedts againft her religion ; 
 for the free exercifes of which fhe had 
 made Imputations in the marriage con- 
 tract. For this purpofe, (he was allowed 
 *he ufe of St. Martin's church without 
 the walls of Canterbury, where Luid- 
 hart, a French bifhop, who came over 
 in her retinue, with other clergymen^ 
 publicly performed all the rites of the 
 Chriftian worfhip. By thefe and other 
 means, many of the Anglo Saxons, 
 particularly in the kingdom cf Kent, 
 ivere brought to entertain fo favourable 
 an opinion of the Chriftian religion, 
 
 N, A.D. 597. 
 
 that they were very defirous of bring 
 better inltruclcd in its principles. With 
 this view, Gregory appointed >tuguftin 
 and 40 other monks to go into England, 
 and endeavour to bring the people of 
 that country to the knowledge and pro- 
 feflion of Chrillianity. After exhorting 
 them to dtfpile all difficulties and 
 dangers, and proceed boldly in their 
 glorious undertaking, for which they 
 would obtain an immortal reward in 
 heaven, he furnifhed them with lexers 
 of recommendation to the king, queen, 
 and feveral bifhops of France, who fur- 
 nifhed them with neceflaries, and inter- 
 preters who understood the language of 
 the Anglo Saxons, then neatl) the lame 
 with that of the Franks. Thus en- 
 couraged and provided, Auguflin, with 
 his companions, failed from France, 
 A. D. 596, and landed in the Irte of 
 Thanet \ from whence they immediately 
 difpatched one of their interpreters, to 
 acquaint King Ethelbert with the news 
 and defign of their coming. He fooa 
 after gave them an audience in the open 
 air. and allowed them leave to ufe their 
 beft endeavours to convert his fubjecls. 
 The miflionaries having thus obtained 
 the royal licence, entered the city of 
 Canterbury in folemn procefTion ; car- 
 rying before them the picture of Chrift, 
 and a filver crofs, and finging the fol- 
 lowing hymn ; •• We befeech thee, O 
 Lord ! of thy mercy let thy wrath and 
 anger be turned away from this city, 
 and from thy holy place j for we have 
 finned 
 
( 7* ) 
 
 Tinned. Hallelujah!" In this manner 
 they proceeded to the place of their re- 
 fidence, and immediately entered on the 
 labours of their million $ which were 
 crowned with fuch fucccfs, that in a 
 very fhorttime the king, and great mul- 
 titudes of his fubjeas, were converted; 
 of whom Auguftin baptized no lefsthan 
 10,000 onChriftmas-day. Gregory re- 
 ceived the news of Auguftin's fuccefs in 
 England with great joy ; and refolving 
 to neglect nothing in his power to rea- 
 der it (till greater, he fent new miffio- 
 naries, and with them a model for the 
 future government of the church ; by 
 which he directs Auguftin to appoint 
 li bifhops in his own province ot Can- 
 terbury j to fend a biftiop to York ; and 
 as foon as the English in the north were 
 convened, to oidain 12 other bifliop-. in 
 thofe parts as fufFragans to the fee of 
 York ; and that as long as Auguftin 
 lived he fliould enjoy the primacy over 
 all the bifhops of bi>th provinces, as well 
 as overall the britifh bifhops; but that 
 after his dea'li, the meiropolitical fee 
 fliould be removed from Cantetbuiy to 
 London ; and that from thenceforward 
 the archbithop? of London and Yoik 
 fliould have precedency, according to the 
 i'eniortty of th-ir confecrations. But 
 though thefe directions might have great 
 influence on Auguftin and his clergy 
 who had come from Rome, they were 
 (o little regarded by the Englilh, and 
 lb refolutely oppofed by the Britons, that 
 they were never executed. Auguftin, 
 who feems to hav? been naturally vain 
 enough, was much elated by thefe 
 marks of diftinction which he leceived 
 from Rome, and laboured with great 
 earneftnefs to eftablifh his metropolis 
 eal authority over the britifli churches. 
 With this view, he held two councils 
 with the britifli bifhops and clergy ; in 
 
 which he popofed to them, that if they 
 would acknowledge him for their me- 
 tropolitan, conform to the church of 
 Rome in the time of keeping Et.ftcr, and, 
 the manner of adminiilering baptifm» 
 and join with the roman clergy in 
 preaching to the Englilh, he would bear 
 with them in other things. But the 
 Britons, ftrongly attached to their own 
 antient cuiioms, and greatly irritated at 
 the pride of Auguftin, who did not to 
 much as rife from his feat to receive them 
 at their coming into council, rejected 
 ali his propofals, which put this meek 
 apoftle into fo violent a paflion, that he 
 threatened them with the wrath of hea- 
 ven, and the hofrihties of the Englilh, 
 What influence this good man had in 
 drawing down the wrath of heaven or. 
 the unhappy Britons, it is not ealy to 
 oetermine ; but we have good reafon 
 to fufpedr, that he had but too much 
 hand in kindling the flames of war, 
 which foon after broke out between 
 ;hem and their antient enemies the 
 Englilh, and involved them in very 
 great calamities. Auguftin, after he had 
 failed in his attempts of reducing the 
 britifh churches under his authority, 
 applies himfelf to enlarge and regulate 
 the church of England, fie confecrated 
 Juitus to be bifliojs of Rochefter, Mel- 
 litus to be bifhop of the Eal* Saxons, 
 and Laurentius to be his own fuccefTor 
 in the fee of Canterbury. Thefe con- 
 fecrations were performed A.D. 604; 
 and Auguftin died either that year or 
 the year after, leaving the knowledge 
 and profeflicn of Chriftiauity among 
 the Eneliih confined within the nar- 
 row limits of the litrlekingdom of Kent. 
 He was buried near the church of St. 
 Peter and St. Paul, in the monaflry now 
 called St. Auguftin's, which the king 
 founded at his inftance. 
 
 LAURENCE, A.D. 604. 
 
 A native of Rome, and one of the | a new effort to bring the britifli Chrif- 
 miffionaries fent over with Auguftin, and j tians to adopt the ufages ofthechuich 
 byhim appointed his fucceflbr. He made { of Rome, by writing paftoral letters to 
 
 their). 
 
( n ) 
 
 them, and to the Scots and Irirti ; but it 
 does not appeal that his endeavours were 
 altogether fuccefsful. In his time Eth- 
 clbert d'ed, whofe fon Eadbald was at 
 firft a favourer of PagJtiilm; but at lalt 
 
 renouncing it was baptized ir.tothe faith 
 ol Chiift by Laurentius, who died a'^out 
 the year 619, and was buried near las 
 predeceffor. 
 
 MELLITUS, A. D. 619. 
 
 A Roman Abbot of noble ex- 
 traction and lingular merit. He was 
 ■very fucc'efiful in his endeavours to con- 
 vert the Ejft Saxons, who inhabited the 
 counties of FiTcx and Middlcfex, and 
 were un.ler the immediate government 
 of Seber, filler's fon to Echelbert King 
 
 of Kent, to whom hr was tributary. 
 This prince at his requeft built the 
 church of St. Paul. He died, anno 624 
 of the gout, with which he was much 
 afflicted, and was buried near his pre- 
 decetfor in St. Auguftin's monaftcry. 
 
 JUSTUS, A.D. 624. 
 
 One of the miffionaries fent overf Auguftin appointed the firft bifhop of 
 by Pope Gregory to affift Auguftin in I Rochefler. He died anno 633, and was 
 the converfion of the Englifh, and by ' buried at St. Auguftin's. 
 
 HO NOR I US, A.D. 634 
 
 A Roman by birth, and a difciple 
 of St. Ciegory, was conl'ecrated by 
 Paulinus at Lincoln. This prelate was 
 the rirft in England who begun to divide 
 bis diocefe into f arifhes, and fix a re- 
 fidmg clergyman in each j as before his 
 time the cleigy redded either in mo- 
 Batteries or biiliops houfeg, and made 
 
 occafional journies into other parti?, 
 preaching and administering the lacra- 
 ments, During his time Eadbald died 
 and was fucceeded by Ercombert, who 
 for the better fecuring (. hriftianity, 
 made Paganifm penal. He died anno 
 654 and was buried with li.s prede- 
 ccflors. 
 
 DEUS-DEDIT, A.D. 654 
 
 The firft Archbifhop that was a I vernment of his church, in which he 
 native of this nation ; a man of I acquitted bimfcrf with honour and re- 
 learning, and of lingular piety; which pu'ation. He died about the year 664, 
 quaities recommended him for the go- J and wa» buried at St. Auguftin's. 
 
 THEODORE, A.D. 668. 
 
 Born at Tarfus in Cilicia, a man i Egbert King of Kent, and the other 
 of courage, learning, and good fenfe. j Englifh Princes. Soon after his arrival, 
 He was confecrated at R.me, and hav- I he vifited all the Englifh churches, con- 
 ing received t e clerical tonfure after I fecrated bifhops where they werewant- 
 the Roman manner, fct out for England, ling, and reduced every thing to a per- 
 where he was favourably received by J feci conformity to the church of Rome. 
 
 He 
 
( 73 ) 
 
 He brought with him a confiderable li- | 
 brary of Greek and Latin books ; and 
 the time he prefided over the church, 
 being 21 years, is elteemed by lome a 
 moll hapDv period to the Englifh na- 
 tion. He introduced feveral new doc- 
 trines and practices into the church ; 
 cne of the moft important was, that of 
 auricular confeflion to a prieft, as necef- 
 fary to abfoiution ; and having by his 
 own addrefs, and the favourable dil" 
 pofition of the Englifh princes of that 
 time, obtained a tacit recognition cf 
 his own metropolitical power over 
 all the Englifh churches, he exercif- 
 ed it with no little feverity. Though 
 it muft be allowed, Theodore was cer- 
 tainly one of the greateft men that ever 
 filled the chnir of Canterbury ; by his 
 influence, all the Englifh churches were 
 united, and brought to a perfect uni- 
 
 formity in difcipline and wor/bip; b>- 
 fhopricks too large were divided, and 
 many new oticg erected; great men 
 were encouraged to build parifh 
 churches, by declaring them and their 
 fucceffors patrons of thofe chinches; a 
 regular provifion was made for the cler. 
 gy in all the kingdoms of the heptarchy 
 by theimpofition of a certain tax upon 
 every village, from which the molt ob- 
 fcure ones were not exempted. Bythefe 
 and other wife regulations introduced by 
 this great prelate, the church of Eng- 
 land became a regular compact body, 
 furnifhed with a competent number of 
 bifhops and inferior clergy, under their 
 metropolitan the Archbifhop of Can- 
 terbury. He died in the 80th yesr of 
 his age, anno 690, and wa» buried in 
 St. Auguftin's porch. 
 
 BRITHWALD, A. D, 6gi, 
 
 An Englishman and Abbot of 
 Reculver. He fucceded to this fee after 
 it had remained vacant two years, go- 
 verned it 38 years and fix months, and 
 dying anno 731, was buried in the 
 abbey church of St. Auguftin. In the 
 courfe of the 7th century many mo- 
 aafteries were founded in all parts of 
 England ; and the fondnefs for the mir 
 naftic life was very much increafed by 
 an impious doctrine, which began to be 
 broached about the end of this century. 
 «* That as foon as any perfon put on the 
 " habit of a monk, all the fins of his 
 « c former life were forgiven." This 
 engaged many princes and great men 
 (who have often as many fins as their 
 inferiors) to put on the monaftic habit, 
 and end their days in monafteries. Su- 
 perftition, in various forms, made great 
 
 progrefs alfoin this period; particularly 
 an extravagant veneration for relics, in 
 which the Romifh priefts drove a very 
 gainful trade, as few good chriftians 
 thought themfelves fafe from the ma- 
 chinations of the devil, unlefs they 
 carried the relics of fome faint about 
 their perfons; and no church cculd bs 
 dedicated without a decent quantity of 
 this facred trumpery. Stories of dreams, 
 vifions and miracles, were propagated 
 without a blufh by the clergy, and be- 
 lieved without a doubt by the laity. Ex- 
 traordinary watchings, failings, and other 
 arts of tormenting the body, in order to 
 lave the foul, became frequent and 
 falhionable ; and it began to be believed 
 that a journey to Rome was the moft 
 direct road to heaven. 
 
 T A T W I N E, A.D. 731. 
 
 A monk of Boardney monafiery, 
 and a native of Mercia. He is much 
 commended for his love of religious 
 
 learning and his fkill in the Holy Scrip- 
 tures, and dying anno 734, was buried 
 at St, Auguftin's. 
 
 NO- 
 
( 74 
 
 N O T H E L M, A. D: 735, 
 
 A native of London, and Arch- 
 prieft of the church of St, F'au! ; a pre- 
 late of great piety and learning. He 
 
 was author of feveral trafls, and dyinj 
 anno 741, was buried in the Abby 
 church of St. Auguftin. 
 
 C U T H B E it T, A. D. 742, 
 
 Translated from the fee of He- 
 reford to the archiepifcopal dignity ; an 
 Englifhman and defcended of an illuf- 
 The times in which be 
 lived vvere infamous for l«<vd;. 
 debauchery; to rcmcoy which in [bone 
 ipeafure lie affembkd a council of the ; 
 bifhops and chief cleijy at Cloteily M 
 (Cliff) in Kent ; in which 3c c rj 
 were made for the icformaiion 01 the 
 lives of the clergy of all ranks, and | 
 the regulation of c!l the affairs of the ; 
 Church of England, He built a church ! 
 near the cathedral, and dedicated it to ( 
 St. John Raptift. When he found his ; 
 end approaching, l.e diiedted his do- 1 
 
 mjcflics fo bury his remains in his own 
 cathedra), and to put his body into the 
 pr.ve ?i 1 00 n as he expired, and before 
 they pubhflied his death j which they 
 accordingly performed. The monks of 
 St, luguftin't, who now cor.tidered the 
 corpfes 11. heir departed prelates as t 
 perquifite to v ' ich they had a 
 right| on ring f tV>e Archbifhop't 
 de a> . foltmn proci.fli nt;ic':.;m 
 
 his rem'if.s; and wh-n the; were told, 
 he was ahreadj buried, it fo provoked 
 thefe faints, that they called him a 
 rogue, a fox, a viper, ana .11 the op- 
 probrious epithets they coub invent.— 
 He died anno 758. 
 
 BREOWINE, A. D. 759, 
 
 A native of Saxony, but edu | the fame place, and in the fame preci- 
 cated in England. He died anno 762, I pitate manner with his predeceilbr. 
 by his own direction, was buikd in 1 
 
 JAENBERT, or LAMBERT. A. D. 763. 
 
 He was abbot of St. Auguftine's, 
 and came twice to the convent of 
 Chrift Church to demaid the bodies of 
 the two preceding Atchbifhops; once 
 attended with armed men, but was 
 obliged to return without them. While 
 Lambert filled the aichiepifcopal chair, 
 a confiderable event happened in the go- 
 vernment of the church. OfTa,King 
 of Mercia, refolved to erect the fee of 
 Litchfield, his capital, into an archbi- 
 fhopric ; and the fees of Worceder, Here- 
 ford, I.eiceiler, Sydracefter, Heltnham, 
 and Dunwich were difmembered from 
 
 the province of Canterbury, and put 
 under the jurifdidtion of thenew Arch- 
 biftiop. Hope Adrian I. approving, or 
 perhaps propofing this difmemberment, 
 fent legate"; into England ; they by their 
 influence C3ufcd two great council; or 
 fynods to be afTembled j the one at the 
 court of OfAald, King of Northumber- 
 land, and the other at a place named 
 Calewith in Mercia. From the latter 
 originated thofe canons and regulations 
 commonly called the canons of the 
 council of Calewith, which are 24 in 
 number, and contain a kind of fyftem of 
 
 the 
 
( 75 ) 
 
 t eecclenaftical politics of thofc times, 
 in which we may difcern the clergy be- 
 ginning to advance feveral new claims, 
 fuch as, a divine right to the tenth of all 
 the pofTefiions of the laity, and an ex- 
 empli >n from being ttied and punirtied 
 by the civil magiltrates. To fupport 
 this laft claim, feveral texts of fcrip- 
 ture were moll lhamefully mifinterpre- 
 ted. The fale of relics was now be- 
 come a very gainful trade to the clergy, 
 and efpecialiy to the monks, who were 
 fortunate in making daily difcoveries of 
 
 the precious remains of feme departed 
 Saint, and in thb traffic they had every 
 opportunity t')c-y could dsfire of ira- 
 pofing counterfeit wares upon their 
 Oiitomers j as it was no eafy matter for 
 the laity to aatinguiih the great toe of 
 a jaint from thit of a (inner, after it 
 had been fome centuries in t!ie grave 
 Lambert, after being vexed many years 
 w.th continual troubles from the dif- 
 pleafure of King OrTi, died anno 790, 
 and was buried in the chapter-houfe 
 of Saint Augmtin's. 
 
 A T H E L A R D, A .D. 795, 
 
 Abbot of Malm/bury and Bi/hop 
 of Winchefter. He was a prelate of 
 great abilities, and is faid by his ad- 
 drefs v. ith King Kinulph to have effected 
 the reunion of the province of Litch- 
 field to that of Canurbury ; but he did 
 not long furvive the reftontion ot his 
 fee to its antient fplendor, and dying 
 anno 807, was buried in his own ca- 
 thedral, in the chapel of St. John Bap- 
 tift. Ignorance and fuperftition increafed 
 
 greatly in the church of England, aa 
 well as in other parts of the chriftian 
 world, in the courfe of the Sth century. 
 Pilgrimages to Rome, the rage of re- 
 tiring to monafteries, knaviihnefs, and 
 rapacity among the clergy, and abjeft- 
 nefs and ftupidity among the laity, were 
 moie frequent, and attended with more 
 deflructive effects, than in any former 
 period. 
 
 W U L F R E D, A. D. 803. 
 
 A MONK of the monaftery, and 
 Archdeacon of Chri^tChurch. He con- 
 vened a council of all the Bifhops, anJ 
 many of the Abbots, and Prelbvt^rs of 
 his piovince, at Ceale-hythe, joly 27, 
 816 ; in which many canons and re- 
 gulations were formed for the promotion 
 
 of religion and good government of the 
 church. Ha recovered many lands l 1- 
 juitly detained from his fee, endowed it 
 with additional ones of his own, and 
 by his example induced others to do the 
 fame. He died anno 830, and was 
 buried in his own cathedral. 
 
 F L E O G I L D, A. D. 830. 
 
 He furvived his predecefTor only I he took polTeflion of [the chair, anno 
 about three months, and died before | S30. 
 
 C E O L N O T H, A. D. 830; 
 
 In the time of this prelate, the 
 heptarchy ended, and the Englifh mo- 
 narchy was sftabli/hed by the Uluftrious 
 
 and victorious Egbert, King of the 
 Weft Saxons. This union of the feve- 
 ral Englilh itates into one potent king- 
 •am, 
 
 Lz 
 
( 76 ) 
 
 dom, was in many refpefls a happy 
 event, particularly to the church ; be- 
 caufe the clergy were thereby delivered 
 irom the great inconveniency of being 
 fubjeft to different, and often contending 
 Sovereigns. But the invafions of the 
 Danes, which about this time became 
 more frequent and formidable than they 
 hadbcen hefcie, more than overbalanced 
 this advantage, and involved the En- 
 Kiiflj clergy in the moil deplorable ca- 
 lamities. Great numbers were put to 
 the fword, or buried in the ruins of 
 their monafterifs, and the mildeft fate 
 they could expert when they fell into 
 
 the hands of the Danes was to be fold 
 
 for flaves. Thus England was a fcene 
 
 of much mifery and con.'ufion for more 
 
 th«j 20 years. But after the glorious 
 
 victory which Alfred the Great obtained 
 
 over the Danes A. D. 878, fom.e fh.p 
 
 was put to the horrid cruelties of thofe 
 
 barbarians, and to the intolerable fuff- 
 
 erings of the Englifti clergy. Ceolnoth 
 
 purchafed at his own expencethe village 
 
 of Chert, and gave it to this church, 
 
 which in thofe times was efteemed a 
 
 great benefaction. He died anno S70, 
 
 and was buried in his own cathedral. 
 
 A T H E L R E D, A. D. 871, 
 
 A monk of the convent of Chrift 
 Church. His time like that of his 
 predeceffor, was full of ftorms and perils 
 
 from thofe cruel invaders the Danes. 
 He died anno 888. 
 
 PLEGMUND, A. D. 891, 
 
 A native of Mercia, and faid to 
 be eminent for his wifdom, jufticc, pru- 
 dence, temperance, and fortitude, and 
 to have been Prec-ptor to King Alfred. 
 IJe purchafed at Rome, with a vafl fum 
 
 of money, the relics of St. Blafius 
 which he gave to his church, and dying 
 anno 923, was buried in Chrilr Church, 
 in the chapel of St. John Baptin. 
 
 A T H E L M, A. D. 923, 
 
 Bishop of Wells, when tranflated | 927, and was buried in Chrift Church, 
 to the fee of Canterbury. He died anno | in the chapel ef St. John. 
 
 W L F H E L M, A. D. 928, 
 
 Also Biftiop of Wells. In thetime 
 of this primate feveral fynods, for tie 
 payment of tythes, and other matters 
 relating to the church and its rights, 
 
 were held, in which he prefided, and 
 governed with much applaufe. He died 
 anno 941, and was buried in St. John's 
 chapel. 
 
 O D O, (canoniftd) A. D. 941. 
 
 Hi was of Danifti extraction, his i ing much nffefled with the precepts he 
 parents being among thofe ravagers I learned there, he gladly repeated them 
 w ho came over with Inguar and Hubba. J to his parents j who being Pagans, were 
 While he was young he applied him- highly incenfed, and having in vain 
 lelf to fomeihriilian affembiies and hi- | endeavoured to prevent his adhering to 
 
 Chri'Wanity, 
 
( 77 ) 
 
 Chriftianity, difmherited him, and 
 turned him unprovided into the world. 
 Thus expofed he applied to Athelm, a 
 Nobleman and Chriftian, in the court 
 of Alfred; who, pleal'ed with t,he lad's 
 appearance, fent him to fchool, and 
 educated him in the Latin and Greek 
 tongues. Having entered into holy 
 orders, by his own me-rit, and the in- 
 terert of his patron Athelm, he palled 
 rapidly through the inferior ftations in 
 the church, and was crdained a prieft 
 before the age prefcribed by the canons, 
 and not long after confecrated Cimop 
 of Shereburn: and on the death of 
 Wlfelm, the world turned their eyes 
 towards this learned, pious and valiant 
 bimop, as the fitteft perfon to fill the 
 vacant chair j of which he at length, 
 after many frivolous objections ac- 
 cepted. Though Odo's zeal for religion 
 feems ftill to have been fincere and fer- 
 vent, his bold afpiring fpirit, no longer 
 under any reftraint, made him aft the 
 primate with a very high hand. This 
 appears not only from his aftions, efpe- 
 cially in his old age, but alfo from his 
 famous paftoral letter to the clergy and 
 
 people of his province, (commonly 
 called the constitutions of Odo) which 
 was publi/hed in 943 ; in which he 
 fays, " I ftriftly command and charge 
 that no man preftime to lay any tax on 
 the poffeffions of the clergy, who are 
 the fons of God, and the fons of God 
 ought to be free from all taxes in every 
 kingdom. If any man dares to difobey 
 the difcipline of thechurch in this par- 
 ticular, he is more wicked and impu- 
 dent, than the foldiers who crucified 
 Cnriit. — I command the King, the 
 Princes, and all in Authority, to obey 
 with great humility, theArchbi/hops and 
 Bifhops; for they have the keys of the 
 kingdom of heaven, &c." Befides thefe. 
 canftitutions, there were feveral ecclefi- 
 aftical canons made in a great council, 
 both of the clergy and laity which was 
 held atLondon the year following by king 
 Edmund. From thefe we learn, that 
 befides tythes, there were feveral 01 her 
 dues claimed by the clergy, and penal- 
 ties exafted for committing of certain 
 crimes. He died anno 958, and was 
 buried in Canterbury cathedral. 
 
 Bishop of Winchefter, when tranf- 
 lated to this fee, of the blood Royal by 
 affinity, and a prelate of very extra- 
 o;dinary learning. Inpaffingthe Alps, 
 on his iourney to Rome for his pall, he 
 perifhed with cold, and before his death, 
 
 I N E, 
 
 w2s reduced to the extremity of cutting 
 open his horfe to warm his feet in its 
 entrails. He died anno 958 or 9, and 
 was brought into England by his atten- 
 dants, and buried at Winchefter. 
 
 BRITHELM, 
 
 Bishop of Wells. He was elefted 
 to this fee by the influence of Kin^ 
 Edwi; but that prince dying foon after, 
 and his brother Edgar fucceeding to his 
 dominions, the new Archbifnop (who 
 was of a foft and gentlg diipofnion) was 
 
 obliged to relinquilh his high ftation, 
 and return ta his former bi/hopric. This 
 violence was praftifed by King Edgar, 
 to make way for his favourite Dunftan. 
 Brithelm died anno 973, and was buried 
 in his cathedral at Wells. 
 
 DUNSTAN. 
 
( 73 ) 
 
 D U N S T A N. (canomfed) A. D. 954, 
 
 DtsCKHDXD from a noble family in 
 Somcifetfhire, and educated in the ab- 
 bey of GUflonbury. I his extraordinary 
 perfon was recalled to court l>* King Ed- 
 mund A. D. 941 j who bcfriwcd upon 
 him the rich abbey of Glaftonbury, 
 which, for hii fake, he honoured with 
 many peculiar previLJ^t;. 7Tr enjoyed 
 a very h ; gh degree oi thr favour of this 
 prince during his fru.rt leign of fix 
 years ; but he flood much higher in the 
 favour of his brother and fucceffor 
 King Edred, to whom he was confeiTor^ 
 chief confident, and prime minifter. 
 He employed all his influence curing 
 this period of court- favour in promo- 
 ting the intereft of the monks of th^ 
 benedicline order, to which he be- 
 louged, and of which he was I mod 
 atuveand Bealous patron. Having the 
 treafures of thefe two princes, efpecially 
 of the lad, very much at his command he 
 lavifhed them away in building and en- 
 dow ing pnonalleries for thefe monkv, he- 
 caul'e almoft all the old monafteries were 
 in polTctTion of fecular canons. Not con- 
 tented with this, he perfuaded Edred, 
 who was a bigolted Valetudinary to 
 bellow fuch immenfe treafures on the 
 churches aid monafteries by his lafl 
 will, that ihe crown was ftripped of its 
 moft valuable poffeffions, and left in a 
 ftate of indigence. This conduct of 
 Dunitan, while he was in power, ren 
 dered him very odious to Edwi, who 
 fucceeded his uncle Edred A.D. 955; 
 and his rude behaviour to himfelf, and 
 his beloved queen Elgiva, railed the 
 refentment 1 ( that prince fo I; ' gh , that 
 he deprived !;im ot all his preferments. 
 and drove him into exile. The 
 banifhment of Dunftan, the great pa- 
 tron, or (as Malmfomy call > him) the 
 prince of the monks, was a feverc 
 blow to that order, who were expelled 
 from feveral men-He; its ; which were 
 
 made the impure ftablcs (aocording to 
 t!ie fame author) of the married | I ■ y 
 But their fufferings were not of long 
 continuance for Eogar, tie younger 
 brother cf Edwi, having raifed a fuc- 
 cel'sful rebellion againft his unl .ppy 
 brother, and nfurped all his dominions 
 Oil the north liJe of the liver Thames, 
 recalled Dunftan, ar.r! gave him the 
 bifhopric of Worrrller, A. D. 957 • 
 From this moment i,-was the c'lief con- 
 fident and prin rini let of K'ng Ed- 
 gar, who became fole monarch of Eng- 
 land A. D. 950, by ihe death 01 his 
 elder brother Edwi; and prefeu, 1 if- 
 terwards advanced E>nnllan to the archie- 
 p fc ■ I chair. B'firig now polVtiTed of 
 the primacy, and allured of 'he royal 
 fupport and affira ice, he, Saint Oi'wald, 
 and Ssint Etlielwald, the three great 
 ehanij ions of 1 - monkSj began the 
 execution of the defign he had long 
 meditated, by endeavouring to perfuade 
 the fecutar canons ii\ their cathedral, and 
 other monafteries, to put away their 
 wjves, and take the mena/tic vows and 
 habits. But finding that thefe perfua- 
 fions produced little or no effccl, they 
 proceeded to the mod fhameful ac"ts of 
 fraud and violence. Though Edgar the 
 Peaceable was a very profligate prince, 
 and liuck at nothing to gratify h.s own 
 paffiens, he was, if pofrible, a greater 
 perfecutor of the married clerg) than the 
 three clerical tyrants above-mentioned, 
 to give them a formal cemmiffion to 
 expel the married canons out of all the 
 cathedrals and larger mouaf!erie>, and 
 promifir.g to affifl them in the execution 
 of it wi:h ail his power. As this princa 
 was very much under the influence of 
 thefe three favourite prehtcs, he paid 
 great attention to the ecclefuftical af- 
 fairs, and held feveral councils for the 
 regulation of them ; in one of which, 
 thole 67 canons, called '.he canons of K. 
 Edgar, 
 
C 79 ) 
 
 'Edgar, were enaSed. To thefe is fub- 
 joined a penitentiary fiippofed to be the 
 compofirion of St. Dunftan; which re- 
 quires penitents to be very particular in 
 confefling all their fins which they have 
 committed by their bodies, their ikin, 
 their flefn, thtir bones, their fine s. 
 their reins, their grifties, their tongues, 
 their lips, their palates, their teeth, 
 their hair, their marrow, by every thing 
 foft or had, wet or dry. ConfViTora are 
 then directed what kind of penances te 
 prefcribe in a great variety of cafes. 
 Among the moil fatisfoclory penances, 
 faftings of feveral years a:e prefcribed j 
 but thefe were far from being fo for- 
 midable »i they appear at firft fight. A 
 rich man, who had many friends and 
 dependents, might difpatch a leven- 
 yeuri fail in tnree days, by procuring 
 S4.0 men «.o faft for him thiee oiys on 
 bread water, and vegetables, or by pay- 
 ing a fum of money ?.5 a redemption : 
 to much was the difcipline of the 
 church relaxed fince the council of 
 Clovefhoe, A. D. 747. The commif- 
 fions for expelling the fecular canons 
 were execu ed with great vigou--, and no 
 little fuccefs, during the reign of Edgar • 
 but on his death, A. D. 975, they re- 
 ceived a check. The fufFerings of the 
 peifecuted canons had excited much 
 
 compr.fTion, and many of the nobility 
 now efpoufed their caufe, and promifed 
 their refloration, which was at length 
 effected. In the reign of Ethelred the 
 Unready, who fucceeded his brother 
 Edward the Martyr, A. D. 979, the 
 Englifti were engaged in fo many wart 
 with the Danes, and involved in \o ma- 
 ny calamities, that they had little letfure 
 to attend to ecclefiaftical affairs ; which 
 renders the church hiftory in the end 
 of the ioth and beginning of the 11th 
 century as barren as that of the Mate is 
 melancholy. As Dunftan was the great 
 reftorer and promoter of the monaflic 
 inftitutions the grateful monks, who 
 were aim 3ft the only hiftorians of thofe 
 da;K ages, have loaded him with the 
 moft extravagant praifcs, and reprefented 
 him as the greatelt wonder-worker, and 
 higbeft favourite of heaven, that ever 
 lived. He died anno 9S8, in the 64th 
 year of his age, and having held the 
 bifhopric of London, together with this 
 archbifliopric, about 27 years, was 
 buried inChtift Church} Ofborne fays, 
 near the Altar ; but Gervafe, in the Un- 
 dercroft. Five hundred yeais after his 
 death, Abp. Warham had his tomb 
 opened, and his fkull taken out and 
 delivered to the prior, to be fet in filver 
 and depofitcd among the relics. 
 
 E T H E L G A R, A. D. 988, 
 
 BiSKO? of Seo!fey,(Chichefter). Ke J months, and dying was buried in the 
 filled the chair only one year and three | chapel of St. John Baptift. 
 
 SIRICIUS, A.D. 989, 
 
 Bishop of Wilton. He and his pre- 
 decefTor had been monks of Glafton- 
 bury, and difciples of St. Dunftan 3 but 
 the fhortnefs of their pontificates, and 
 theconfufion of the times, did not per- 
 
 mit them to perform any thing memo- 
 rable. Siricius governed about four 
 years, and dying anno 994, having be- 
 queathed his books, which were many 
 and valuable, to the library of his church. 
 
 A L F R I C, A. D. 996. 
 
 Abbot of St. Albati's and Bifhop I piler of fermons and homilies, and 
 •I Wilton. He was a laborious com- | tranflated great part of the fcripture 
 
( 8o ) 
 
 into the Saxon tongue. His fcrmon tor 
 Eafter Sunday, on the factament of the 
 Lord's fupper, hath often been printed ; 
 and (hews very plainly, that the church 
 of England had not yet embraced the 
 doctrine of tranfubftantiation : in 
 •which it is hardle poffibly to exprefs the 
 prefent lentiments of thechurchof Eng- 
 land, and of other proteftant churches, 
 on this fubject in plainer terms than 
 Allric did at this period. He expelled 
 |he regular canons who would r.o: aban- 
 
 don their wives frrm his cathedral, and 
 brought m Benedictine monks in their 
 room ; and prated moft devoutly, that 
 all perfons who fhould give th;.m any 
 diflurbance might be torn by the teeth 
 of all the dogs in hell. This feems to 
 have been the laft tranfaction of this 
 prelate's life j who dying anno 1005, 
 was buried at Abingdon, but afterwards 
 removed to Canterbury and depoCted in 
 the louth crofs of the choir. 
 
 E L P H E G E, (canonifed) A. D. 100 
 
 Prior of Glaftor.bury, Abbot of 
 Bath, andBifhopof Winchcfter, whence 
 be fucceeded to Canterbury. The Eng- 
 lifTi in his time were involved in very 
 great calamities, and threatened with 
 total ruin, by a grievous famine and the 
 fwordof the victoriousDanes, fromwhom 
 they fometimes purchafed a fhort pre- 
 carious truce with great fums of money. 
 In one of thefe intervals, A. D. 1009, 
 a great council of all the chief men of 
 the clergy and laity was held at Eniham 
 in Oxfordfhire, to deliberate on the 
 moft effectual means of preferving them- 
 lelves and their country from that de- 
 struction with which they were threa- 
 tened. Elphege and Wulftan, then the 
 two primates of England, feem to have 
 convinced this wife, affembiy, that to 
 oblige the clergy to put away their 
 wives, and the laity to pay .all their 
 dues honertly and punctually to the 
 
 church, would be the beft means of 
 averting the difpleafure, and conciliat- 
 ing the favour of heaven j and there- 
 fore many ftrift laws were made for 
 thefe purpofes. But either thefe laws 
 were not well obferved, or had not the 
 defired effect ; for the miferies of the 
 Englifh ftill continued to increafe ; and 
 about four years after this, the Danes 
 having taken Canterbury, reduced it to 
 afhe?, butchered nine tenths of the in- 
 habitants, and murdered theArchbifhop, 
 who would not, or could not, pay the 
 prodigious ranfom which they demand- 
 ed. The Danes ftoned him to death at 
 Greenwich on Sunday May 13, IJ12; 
 whence his body was conveyed and bu- 
 ried in St. Paul's London j ten years af- 
 ter he was taken up and brought tc Can- 
 terbury, and re-interred with great 
 folemnity in the cathedral. 
 
 LIVING, A. D. 1013. 
 
 He WU bifhop of Wells, when called 
 to fucceed Elphege, anJ was deeply in- 
 volved in the calamities of thofe un- 
 happy times. However, he was a great 
 benefactor to his cathedral church, both 
 
 in land and' ornaments, and repaired 
 the roof, which had been burnt by the 
 Danes. He died anno ic;o, and was 
 buritd in his cathedral. 
 
 AGLE- 
 
( 8i ) 
 
 A G E L N O T H, A. D. 1020. 
 
 He had been a monk, in the monaf- 
 tery of Glaftonbury, and was of a noble 
 extraction. Writers of the time give 
 him the appellation of The Good, for 
 his excellent natural difpofition. In his 
 time, ignorance and fuperfiiuon had ar- 
 rived at a great height in the church of 
 England. 1 his prela'.e, when at Rome, 
 A. D. 1021, purchafed from the Pope 
 an arm of St. Auguitin, Bifhop of Hippo, 
 for ioo talents or €000 pounds weight 
 of fiKcr, and one talent or 60 pounds 
 weight of gold. A prodigious fum ! 
 which may enable u-- to form fome idea 
 of the unconfcionable knavery of the fel- 
 lers, and the ationiihing folly and fu- 
 perftition of the purchafen, of thofe 
 commodities. The roads between Eng- 
 land and Rome were fo crouded with 
 pilgrims, that the very tolls which they 
 paid were objects of importance to the 
 princes through whofe territories they 
 paiTed ; and very few Engliihmen ima- 
 gined they could get to heaven w Mmut 
 paying this compliment to St. Peter, 
 
 who kept the keys of the celeftial re- 
 gions. The building, endowing, and 
 adorning of monafteries had been carried 
 on with fuch mad profufion for about 
 150 years, that great part or the wealth 
 of England had been expended on thefe 
 ftru<fture9, or lay buried in their orna- 
 ments and utenfils. In this period the 
 numbers, both of the regular and fecular 
 clergy increafed very much, and their 
 pofieiTions ftill more; fo that at the 
 death of Edward the Confeflbr, more 
 than one third of all the lands in Eng- 
 lai d were in pofftfiion of the clergy, ex- 
 empted from all taxes, and for the mod 
 part even from military fervices. When 
 we reflect en thefe circumftancet, we 
 carnot be very much furprifed, that the 
 people of England were at this time fo 
 cruelly infu ted by the Dane', and foon 
 after fo eafilv conquered by the Normans. 
 Agelnoth died anno io}8, and was bu- 
 • ried in Chtilt Church, before the altar 
 of St. Benedict, in the Crypt. 
 
 E A D S I N, A. D. 1038. 
 
 A e f nevactor to the abbey of St. j Littleburn. He was much afflicted with 
 Auguftin, on which he fettled lands at | bodily infirmities, and died anno 1050. 
 
 ROBERT, A. D. 1050. 
 
 A monk of the monaftery of Ge- I that province. He died anno 1501 or 
 tnerica, in Normandy, and a native of | 1052, at Gemetica, and was there buried. 
 
 S T I G A N D, A. D. 1052. 
 
 He held with the archiepifcopal dig 
 nity, the bifhoprics of Winchefler and 
 Helmham, together with many abbeys 
 and church piefermenH; and is accufed 
 by the Monks, with whom he was no 
 favourite, of coveioufnefs, pride, am 
 bition and ignorance. By his influence 
 he got himfelf fcated in the metropoli- 
 tical chair while his predeceffcr was 
 living, and at firft made ufe of his pall j 
 
 M 
 
 but afterwards procured or purchafed 
 one from Pope Benedict, whom the 
 church of Rome had excommunicated. 
 For thefe caufes he was firft fufpended 
 by the papal inierdict, and at laft, on 
 the accefTien of William the Conqueror, 
 was deprived of his Archbirtiopric, and 
 caft into prifon, where he ended his days. 
 For after the Conqueror was feated on 
 the tbrone of England, he feems to have 
 formed 
 
( S2 ) 
 
 formed the defign of depriving themoft 
 eminent of the Englifh clergy of their 
 dignities in the church, in order to be- 
 ftow them on his own countrymen, or 
 on others, on whofe attachment he could 
 depend. To accomplifh this with the 
 greater eafe, he engaged the Pope to fend 
 
 many other Englifli bifhops and abkots, 
 and theirdignities filled with the King's 
 foreign favouiites and countrymen. 
 What might probably harten Stigand's 
 deprivation was, that by his advice, and 
 addrefs, the Kentifh Men preferved 
 their antient liberties and cuftoms, when 
 
 legates into England, for regulating the j their o untry was invaded by the Nor- 
 affairs of that church, which he preten- man conqueror ; for it feems that prince 
 
 ded were in great diforder. Thefe le- 
 gates convened two great councils of 
 the Englifh clergy; one at Winchefter, 
 
 had never a cordial afjeflion for htm- 
 However, after his death, the King af- 
 fecled to aft more favourably ; for he 
 
 >n theoclaves of Eafler, A. D. 1070, ordered his body to be interred wiih 
 and the other at Windfor, on the Whit- great folemnity in the cathedral of Win- 
 funday following. In the firft council, chefter. 
 Stigand was depofed, as were afterwards | 
 
 L A N F R A N C, A.D. 1070. 
 
 A native of Lombardy, and Ab- 
 bat of Caen in Normandy. He fuc- 
 cceded to this archbilhopnc on the de- 
 privation of Stigand, and others of his 
 countrymen wete foon after placed in 
 the feesot York, Winchefter, Dui ham, 
 Norwich* Chichefler, Litchfieid, Salif- 
 Lury and Lincoln. Thefe fortunate 
 foreigners, exalted by the fall, and en- 
 riched by the fpoils of the unhappy Eng- 
 li(h, did not long continue in a ftate of 
 harmony amonglt themffilves, but a mod 
 violent 'quarrel broke out between the 
 two Archbifhops of Canterbury and 
 York, about the piimacy. When Tho- 
 mas, e!.-c~l of York, came to Canter- 
 bury to be confecrated, Lanfranc, on 
 the day appointed for that ceremony, 
 demanded of him an oath, and written 
 profeflion of obedience to himfelt and 
 fuccciTors, as Primates ef all England, 
 which the other abfolutely refu ling, de- 
 patted in great anger, without being 
 coufecrated. But Lanfranc having con 
 vinced the King and his council of the 
 juftice of his claim, Thomas was com- 
 manded to leturn, and take the oath, 
 and make profeffion of obedience to Lan- 
 fianc, without mentioninghisfucceirors; 
 and with this command he thought pro- 
 per to comply. Shortly after, the iwo 
 new Archbiihops made a jcumey to 
 
 Rome to receive their palls ; and when 
 they were there, Thomas complained to 
 the Pope of the fubmiffion he had been 
 constrained by royal authority to make 
 at his confecration ; affirming, that the 
 fees of York ana Canterbury were of 
 equal dignity. On the other hand, Lan- 
 franc produced various evidences of the 
 fuperiority of his fee. But the Holy 
 Father, unwilling to offend either of the 
 prelates, or dil'oblige the King of Eng- 
 land, declined to judge in that matter, 
 and declared, that it ought to be deter- 
 mined by an Englifh Synod. Accord- 
 ingly two great councils were held, one 
 at Eafter, and the other at Whitfuntide, 
 A. D. 1072, in which th s important 
 queftion of the primacy was debated 
 with great warmth, in the prefence of 
 the King, Queen, and all the Court; 
 and at length determined in favour of 
 Canterbury, to the great mortification 
 of the clerical pride of the one prelate, 
 and exultation of the other. After this 
 difpute was determined, Lanfranc pre- 
 fided in feveral councils of the clergy, 
 in which many ecclefiaftical canons were 
 made. In oneof whichthecelibacy of the 
 clergy was enjoined, which had been by 
 a thoufand canons before, but as yet 
 without a full effeft. So difficult it is 
 for the laws of men to overcome the 
 
 law* 
 
( 8 3 ) 
 
 laws of nature! However, the fecular 
 clergy who had wives, were allowed to 
 keep them. A confiderable change was 
 introduced into the creed of the church 
 of England under the primacy, and 
 chiefly by the means of Lanfranc. The 
 prtfent dodrine of the church of Rome 
 concerning the corporal prefence of Chrift 
 in, the facrament, called tranfubftantia- 
 tion, was little known, and lefs regar- 
 ded, in this illand, before the Nuiman 
 conqueir. But this prelate was one of 
 the moll zealous champions for that 
 do£trine, of the age in which he flour- 
 ifhed, and difputed, wrate and preached 
 in its defence both betore and after his 
 elevation to the fee of Canterbury. This 
 elevation, however, it is highly proba- 
 ble, gave additional weight to his argu- 
 ments, and enabled him to make many 
 profelytes. William the Conqueror, 
 exercifed his fupremacy over the church 
 of England with a high hand, and made 
 lome important changes in the ftate of 
 its revenues and of its polity. Finding 
 the Englifh clergy and monafteries pof- 
 feffed of far too great a proportion of the 
 riches of the kingdom, he ftripped them 
 of many of their eftates by various 
 means, and fubjecled thofe they ftill re- 
 tained to the fame military fervices, and 
 feudal preftations of all kinds, with 
 the lands of the laity. Lanfranc died 
 May 28, A. D. 1089, having furvived 
 his royal friend and patron, William the 
 Conqueror about a year and eight 
 months, and was buried in the chapel 
 
 of the Holy Trinity in his own cathe 
 dral. This prelate is celebrated by our 
 antient hiftorians for his wifdom, learn- 
 ing, munificence, and other virtues. 
 He rebuilt from the ground both the 
 cathedrals of Canterbury and Rochefter, 
 together with all the edifices belonging 
 to their monafteries, furnifhed them 
 with many rich ornaments, endowed 
 them with feveral grants of lands, and 
 recovered fuch as were arbitrarily with- 
 held from them by G\lo, the powerful 
 Bifhop of Baieux; in fhort, he introdu- 
 ced and fixed the monaflical profeflion 
 fo firm in both thefe churches, as to 
 continue undifturbed and flounfhing till 
 the general diffolution of monafteries in 
 England. He built and endowed two 
 hofpitals near Canterbury j St. John's 
 without North- gate, and St. Nicholas's 
 Harbledown ; which remain to this 
 day lafting monuments of his charitable 
 difpolition. He alfo builtand endowed 
 the priory of St Gregory, near Canter- 
 bury, and rebuilt the church of St. Al- 
 ban's; the latter he enriched with many 
 coftly ornaments. His charity is faid 
 to have been fo great, that he beftowed 
 iu this way no lefs than 500I. a year. 
 A prodigious fum in thofe time ! equal 
 in weight to 1500I. of our money, and 
 in value to at leaft 7500I. This is a 
 fufficient proof of the great revenues of 
 the fee of Canterbury in that period, as 
 well as of the great geaerofity of this 
 prelate. 
 
 A N S E L M, (canoni/ed). A. D. 1093, 
 
 A native of the city of Aouft in 
 Piedmont, and Abbat of Bee, in Nor- 
 mandy. He was nominated after a va- 
 cancy of upwards of four years ; during 
 which William II. kept all the pofTef 
 /ions of the Archbiftiopric in his own 
 hands. Anfelm atfirft discovered great 
 reluftance to accept of this high dig- 
 nity, dreading the fierce rapacious tem- 
 per of the King, to which he was nc 
 granger. " The plough (faid he) of 
 
 Ma 
 
 the church of England fhould be drawn 
 by two oxen of equal ftrength, the King 
 and the Archbilhop of Canterbury ; but 
 if you yoke me, who am a weak, old 
 (heep, with this King, who is a mad 
 young bull, the plough will not go 
 ftraight." However, he mounted the 
 archiepifcopal throne ; and his appre- 
 henfions of having quarrels with the 
 King were not ill-founded ; but they 
 were owing to his own obftinate and 
 
 pre. 
 
f 84 ) 
 
 prefumptuous bigotry. Anfelm, afier 
 having Jantiuifhed of a c^nfumption tor 
 fomc months, died in the 66th year ot 
 his age, and 16th of his primacy, anno 
 1108, and was butied in Cante.bury 
 cathedral, near the altar of St. Peter 
 and St. Paul, and gave his name to that 
 chapel and tower. He was a man of 
 piety and learning, according to the 
 
 mode and meafure of the age in which 
 he fliuriihed; but by promoting with 
 zeal and obllinacy the ambitious viewt 
 of the fee of Rome, lie involved himfclf, 
 as well as his King and Country, in 
 many troubles, and let an example which 
 was ton well imitated by fome of hit 
 fucceffors. 
 
 RALPH, A. D. 1 1 14. 
 
 King Henry I. having fufTered fo 
 much from the opposition of the late 
 primate, was in no harte to give h.m a 
 fucceflor ; but kept the fee vacant five 
 years. At length, after a warm contefl 
 between the monks of Chrift Church, 
 and the prelates of the province, Ralph 
 or Radulphus, bifhop of Rochefter, was 
 elected primate. He died Oft. 20, A. D. 
 
 1122, and was buried in the nave of 
 this church. He is faid by William of 
 Malmfbury, wh 1 was well acquainted 
 wt'h him, to have been a man of emi- 
 nent piety and learning, of a generous 
 difp> fition, and affable deportment ; but 
 a little too much addicted to jocularity 
 for the dignity of his ftation. 
 
 WILLIAM CORBOIL, A.D. 1122. 
 
 Prior or Chiche. He was elec- 
 ted at Gloucefter after a warm conteft 
 as ufual between the bifhops and monks. 
 His time, as well as that of the two 
 preceding archbifhops, was chiefly ta- 
 ken up in difputes on the fupreme au- 
 thority of the pope in all matters of 
 church and ftate, and in compelling the 
 inferior clergy to put away their wives ; 
 and it was no fmall rcproich to his cha- 
 racter, and that of the other Englifh 
 prelates, that they Co fhamefully viola- 
 ted their moil folemn oaths to fupport 
 thefucceffion of tlie Emprefs Maud, and 
 fo tamely fubmitted to the ufurper Ste 
 phen. To this they were induced by 
 the pompous promifes made by Stephen 
 
 to the church at his coronation, and 
 foon after confirmed in a royal' charter, 
 tor in thofe times the advancement of 
 the good of the church, ;'. e . of its power 
 and riches, was efteemed a fufficient ex- 
 cufe for the moft immoral actions. He 
 did not live to fee many of the fatal ef- 
 fects of his imprudent compliance with 
 the dictates of the court of Rome, nor 
 of the countenance he had given to the 
 ufurpation of King Stephen, but dying 
 Dec. 19, anno 1127. was buried in the 
 north crofs ifle of this church. He 
 feems to have been a weak man, too 
 eafily prevailed upon to forget the dig- 
 nity of his ftation, and the obligation of 
 his oaths. 
 
 THEOBALD, A.D. 1138. 
 
 Abbot of Be c in Normandy. He 
 was chofen by the influence of the 
 Pope's legate, without confent of the 
 King, or of the Englifh bifhops and 
 clergy. This caufed a difpute between 
 Stephen and his brother the bifhop of 
 
 Winchefter, which brought the whole 
 kingdom into great confufion, and which 
 at laft terminated with the life of that 
 unfortunate and unhappy prince, A. D. 
 1154. In this period, the papacy made 
 great encroachments, both on the 
 prerogatives 
 
( 85 ) 
 
 prerogatives of the crown, and the pri- 
 vileges of the church of England . Theo- 
 bald died April iS, 1161, and was tvi- 
 rUd in the cathedral. He is faid o have 
 
 been of an affable, courteous difpofit;on # 
 and char'rable to the poor in a very ex- 
 tsnlive degree. 
 
 THOMAS BECKET, (canonlfed) A. D. 1 162. 
 
 This prelate was the occafion of 
 rrruch political contention dunng his 
 life, and the ohjea of much fuperfh- 
 tious veneration, after his de^th. Ke 
 was born in London, A D. 11 19, and 
 ftudied in the unive: ftties of Oxford, 
 Paris, and Bunonia, the mod celebra- 
 ted feats of learning in thofe time". Hi- 
 ving got into the family and favour of 
 Archbifhop Theobald, he was made 
 Archdeacon f C Titerbury and Provoff 
 of Beverley ; and, by the earneit re 
 commendation of that j relate to Henry 
 II. he was appointed Chancellor of Eng 
 land, A. D. 1 1 5S. In t ; i» ftation he paid 
 his court fo fuccefsfully to his royal maf- 
 ter, not only by hi 5 dexterity in buiir.efs, 
 but a'fo by his fplendid manner of living, 
 and agreeable conve fario.-i, that he be- 
 came his gr^accft ta.'ou itc, and hisch'ef 
 companion in hu amufernents. The 
 Kin; was in Normandy when he heard 
 of Ti.e bald's death, and immediately 
 refulv\.-d to raiie his Chancellor to the 
 primacy, in hopes of governing the 
 church of England by his means in per- 
 fect tranquility. The Emprefs Maud, 
 the King's mother, endeavoured to dif- 
 fuade her (otl from this defign, and the 
 clergy and biihops of England oppofed 
 the promotion of Becket, which retar- 
 ded it above a year. But fuch was 
 Henry's fondnefs for his favourite, that 
 he was deaf to all advice, and overcame 
 all oppofition, and the Chancellor was 
 defied Archbifliop on June 3, A. D. 
 Ii52. As foon as he found himfelf 
 feated in the archiepifcopal chair, he 
 fuddenly changed his whole deportment 
 and manner of life, and from thegayeft 
 and moft luxurious courtier, became the 
 mod: auftere and folemn monk. One 
 of his firft adtions after his promotion, 
 equally irritated and furpriled the King. 
 
 This was his refignation of the Chan- 
 cellor's office, without havingconfjl.ed 
 fie inclination of his beneficent matter, 
 by whom he had been loaded with wealth 
 and honour. Before Henry returned to 
 England, in Jan. £163. he had received 
 fo many complaints of the feverities of 
 the new primate, that he became fen- 
 fible, when it v/as too late, that he had 
 made a wrong choice. When Becket 
 therefore waited upon him at South- 
 ampton, it was ohferved liy the whole 
 court, that though he was treated with 
 refpefr, he was not received with the 
 fame marks of fiienlihip as on former 
 occafion*. The King at the fame t : me 
 gave a itill plainer proof of his diiTatis- 
 fa clin, by obliging him to refign the 
 Archdeaconry of Canterbury, which he 
 did with great relutraoce. Pone Alex- 
 ander ill. held a general council of the 
 prelates in his int reft at Tours, in April 
 1163. The Archbifliop of Canterbury 
 was prefent at this council ; and was 
 treated with every pofli'jle mark of re- 
 fpect and honour by the Pope and his 
 Cardinals, who were not ignorant that 
 vanity and the love of admiration were 
 his predominate paffiens. It is highly 
 probable, that at this interview, Becket 
 was animated by the Pope in his defign 
 of becoming the champion for the liber- 
 ties of the church, and the immunities 
 of the clergy. This much at leafl is 
 certain, that foon after his return, he 
 began to profecute this defign with lefs 
 referve than formerly, which produced 
 an open breach between him and his 
 foveieign. Nothing could be more op- 
 pofite than the fentiments of the King 
 and Primate, concerning the immuni- 
 ties and independency which began to 
 be claimed by the clergy about this time. 
 The former was determined to be fove- 
 reigri 
 
( 86 ) 
 
 fovereign of ail his fubjefts, clergy as 
 well as laity ; to oblige them to obey 
 his laws, or to anfwer tor their difobe- 
 dience in his courts of juftice: the latter 
 maii.iained that the clergy were fubjeft 
 only to the laws of the church, were to 
 be judged only in fpiritual courts, and 
 to be punifhedonly by ecclefiaftjcal cen 
 fures. This cauftd the long and trou- 
 blefome conteft tliat follow e;l ; and the 
 Kinj at Iaft obliged Becket to confine 
 himfelf within the precincts of his 
 church, where he refided about a week 
 in great folitnde, receiving daily accounts 
 of frefh infalts offered to his friends, 
 and depredations committed on his ef- 
 tates; which made f.im fay to one of 
 hisgrtateft confidents, That he was now 
 convinced, this quarrel would not end 
 without blood j hut he was determined 
 to die for the liberties of the church. 
 On Chriftmas day tie preached in the 
 cathedral j and at the end of his fermon 
 pronounced a fentence of excommuni- 
 cation againft Ranulph de Broe, (his 
 great enemy ) Robert de Broc, and almoft 
 all the King's moft familiar fervants, 
 with vifible marks of the moft violent 
 anger in his voice and countenance. 
 When the Arcbhifhop of York, with 
 the bifhops of London and Salifbury, 
 arrived in Normandy, they threw them- 
 fehes at the King's feet, and implored 
 his protection from that difgrace and 
 fuin with which they were threatened 
 by the primate, painting the violence 
 of his proceedings againft themfclves, 
 and o'hers, in fuch ftrong colours, that 
 Henry fell into one of thofe violent fits 
 of paflion to which he was liable. In 
 the height of his fury he cried out, — 
 *' Shall this fellow, who came to court 
 on a lame horfe, with all his eflatein a 
 wallet behind him, trample upon his 
 King, the royal family, and the whole 
 kingdom ? Will none of all thofe lazy 
 cowardly knights whom I maintain de- 
 liver me, from this turbulent prieft ?" 
 This paftionate exclamation made too 
 t'eep an impreflion on all thofe who 
 heard it, particularly on the four follow- 
 
 ing barons; Reginald Fitz-Urfe, Wil- 
 liam de Tracy, Hugh de Morvilc, and 
 Richard Breto, who formed a ref lution, 
 either to terrify the Archoifhnp into 
 fubmiflion, or to put him to death. 
 Having laid their plan, they left the 
 court at different times, and teak dif- 
 ferent routes, to prevent fufpicion, but 
 being conduced by the devil, as fome 
 monkifh hift rians tell us, they all ar- 
 rived at thecaftleof Ranulph de Broc, 
 about fix miles from Canterbury, on 
 the fame day, Dec. 2*, and almoft at 
 the fame hour. Here ;hey fettled the 
 w hole fchtme of their proceedings, and 
 next morning early fet out for Canter- 
 bury, accompanied by a body of refo- 
 lute men, with arms concealed under 
 their cloaths. Thefe men they placed 
 in different parts of the city to prevent 
 any interruption from the citizens. 
 The four barons above named then 
 went unarmed, with 12 of thtir com- 
 pany, to thearchiepifcopal palace, about 
 11 o'clock in the forenoon, and were 
 admitted into the apartment, where the 
 Archbifhop fat converfing with fome of 
 his clergy. After their admiffion a long 
 filenee enfued, which was at length 
 broken byReginald Fitz Urfe, who told 
 the Archbifhop, that they were fent by 
 the King to command him to abfolve the 
 prelates and others, whom he had ex- 
 communicated, and then to go to Win- 
 chefler, and make fatisfaclion to the 
 yoongKing, whom he had endeavoured 
 to dethrone. On this a very long and 
 violent altercation enfued, in the courfe 
 of which they gave feveral hints, that 
 his life was in danger if he did not conv 
 ply. But he remained undaunted in 
 his refufal. At their departure, they 
 charged his fervants not to allow him 
 to flee ; on which he cried out with 
 greatvehemer.ee, — " Flee! I will ne- 
 ver flee from any man living. I am not 
 come to flee, but to defy the rage of 
 impious afTaffins." When they were 
 gone, his friends blamed him for the 
 roughnefs of his anfwers, which had in- 
 flamed the fury of his enemies, and 
 earneflly 
 
( 8 7 ) 
 
 earneftly preffed him to mike his efcape : 
 but he only anfwered, — " I have no 
 need of your advice, — 1 know what I 
 ought to do." The barons with their 
 accomplices finding that threats were 
 ineffectual, put on their coats of maii j 
 and taking each a fword in his right 
 band, and an axe in his left, returned 
 to his palace ; but round the gate (hut. 
 When they were preparing to break it 
 open, Robert de Broc conducted them 
 up a back ltajr, and let them in at a 
 window. A cry then arofe, " They 
 are armed ! they are armed !" on which 
 the clergy hurried the Arcbbifh :>p al- 
 moft by force into the church, hoping 
 that the facrednefs of the place would 
 protect him from violence. They would 
 alfo have fhut the door, but he cried out, 
 " Begone, ye cowards ! I charge you on 
 your obedience, do nor fhut the door. 
 What will you make acaftle ofachurch ? 
 The confpirators having fearched t'te 
 palace, came to the church, and one of 
 them crying, — " Where is that traitor ? 
 where is the Archbifhop ?" Becket ad- 
 vanced boldly, and faid, «< Here T am, 
 an Archbifhop, but no traitor !" " Flee", 
 cried the confpirator," or you are a dead 
 man". *• I will never flee", replied 
 Becket, William de Tracy then took 
 hold of his robe, and laid " You are 
 my prifoner, come along with me." But 
 Becket feizinghim by the collar, fhook 
 him with (o much force, that he almolt 
 threw him down. De Tracy, enraged 
 at this refinance, aimed a blow with 
 his fword, which almoft cut off the arm 
 of one Edward Grim, a prieft, and 
 (lightly wounded the Archbifhojj on the 
 head. By three other blows given by 
 the oiher three confpirators, his /kull 
 
 was cloven almoft in two, and his brains 
 fcattered about the pavement of the 
 church. Thus fell Thomas Becket, 
 Dec. 29, A. D. 1 170, in the 53d year 
 of his age, and 9th of his pontificate. 
 He was evidently a man of great abili- 
 ties, particularly of confuinmate cun- 
 ning, undaunted courage, and inflexible 
 conltancy in the profecution of his de- 
 figns. But his fcbemes were of a moft 
 pernicious tendency, to emancipate the 
 minifters of religion from the reftraints 
 of Law, and to fubjeft his king and 
 country to a foreign power. He was 
 vain, obftinate, and implacable ; as lit- 
 tle affecled by the intreaties of his friends 
 as by the threats of his enemies; Hi* 
 ingratitude to his royal benefactor ad- 
 mits of no excufe, and hath fixed an 
 indelible ftain upon his character. 
 Though his murderers were highly cri- 
 minal, his death was very feafonable, 
 and probably prevented much milchief 
 and confufion. Few events in hiftory 
 have made a greater noife than this 
 murder ; as it was generally imj-Uted to 
 the commands of the King of England, 
 and reprefented as the moft execrable 
 deed that had ever been perpetrated. 
 And theapprehenfions of the thunders 
 of the church of Rome, in thofe days of 
 darknefs and fuperftition, is faid to have 
 had fuch an effect upon Henry, that in 
 his way from Normai.dy, after he had 
 made his peace with the Pope, he alighted 
 at Camcroury, walked barefooted to th e 
 church, and proftrated himfelfon the 
 earth before Becket's tomb, fuffered 
 himfelf to be fcourged by the priefts, 
 made rich offerings to the martyr, and 
 gave sol. yearly for lights to illuminate 
 [ the fhrine of this pretended faint. 
 
 RICHARD, A. D. 1174, 
 
 A nativk of Normandy, andPrior 
 of Dover. He was elected after a va- 
 cancy of two years. He appears to have 
 
 'ng the unreafonable immunities of the 
 
 clergy, for which his predecefTor had 
 contended with fo much violence, as 
 equally pernicious to church and flate. 
 
 been a prelate of mild temper, innocent Thismadeh ; m no great favourite of the 
 life, and moderate principles, condemn- Monks, 
 
 who reprefent him as too indo- 
 lent, timid, and complying. Richard 
 
 died? 
 
died, after a fliort illnefs, Feb. 16, 1 1S4, I cathedral. He appears to have been 
 a,;d was buried in the north i tie of this [ great benefactor to his chinch. 
 
 BALDWIN, A. D. 1184, 
 
 Henry had been fomuc'h affiftec by 
 the late primate, that he was impatient 
 to fere h.s plare fupplicd bv a perfon of 
 timilar principles ; and having fixed on 
 Baldwin, bifhop of Winchcfter, he ear- 
 nefHy laboured to bring about his elec- 
 tion. In this he met with great oppo- 
 fition from the Monks of Canterbury 
 but at length, after fcvcral meetings, 
 this oppofitiun was overcome, and Bald- 
 win elected. As he was feated in the 
 archiepifcopal chair againft the confent 
 of the monks, they conceived an im- 
 placable hatred towards him, and at 
 length a violent quarrel b;eke out be- 
 tween them, which made a mighty 
 noife and continued feveral years. The 
 Archbifhop early difcovereda dilpofition 
 to diminilh their wealth anJ abridge 
 their power. With this view he refol- 
 ved to erect a magnificent church and 
 convent at Hackington near Canterbury. 
 For this purpose he obtained not only 
 the King's confent, but alfo a bull from 
 
 Pope Urban III. authorizing his inten- 
 ded erection, and granting him a fourth 
 of all the oblations at the tomb of St. 
 Thomas Becket to aflift him in the 
 building the church. On this the work 
 was immediately begun, and carried on 
 with great rapidity ; at which t'le monks 
 of the monaftery of Chrifl Church were 
 fo exceedingly alarmed, that they applied 
 to the King, but without redrefs; then 
 they appealed to the Pope, and with no 
 better fuccefs. At laft their clamours 
 grew lb violent, and the advancement 
 of Pope Clement III. to the papal chair, 
 a pontiff who was as great a Mend to 
 the monks, as the former had been to 
 the primate j the Archbifhop, after a 
 brave ftruggle of more than thfee years, 
 was obliged to demolifh all the build- 
 ings he had erected at Hackiogton. He 
 accompanied the King to the Holy Land 
 'anno 1 191, and died at the fiegeof Pto- 
 lemais, Nov. 20, the fame year. 
 
 REGINALD F I T Z-J O C E L IN E, A. D. 1191. 
 
 A native of • ombardy, and bifhop 
 of Bath. He was chofen by the monks 
 without the King's confent ; but lived 
 
 and was never inthroned, or fo much as 
 confirmed. He died Dec. 26. 1191, 
 and was buried in the Abbey church at 
 
 only to the 29th day after his election, \ Bath, 
 
 HUBERT WALTER, A.D. 1195, 
 
 Bos n at Eaft Dereham in Norfolk. 
 He was Dean cf York and afterwards 
 bifhop of Salifbury, and attended the 
 I idthe Archbifhop into Palsflin-, 
 
 where he fignalized himfelffoi hi. great 
 (kill in military affairs. Soon al>er Lis 
 election, he raifed a confutable fum 
 of money by contrib ition, for the pur- 
 pofc of .rarifoming King Richard from 
 captivity. During the King's 2b!'ence, 
 
 he conduced the wheels of ftate, in the 
 capacities of Chief Jufticiary of Eng- 
 land, and was afterwards made Lord 
 Chancellor; in both offices he appro- 
 ved himfelf a wife, able, and faithful 
 Mipi.l.-r. He had great difputes with 
 the monks of Canterbury ab >ut the 
 erection of a new church at Lambeth, 
 which he began, and carried on forfome 
 time with great fpirit and pcrfeverancc j 
 
 but 
 
( 89 ) 
 
 but after much ftrugele, the monks pre- 
 vailed by the intcrpolition of the Pope, 
 and tho buildings were demolifhed. 
 During his pontificate the Pope im- 
 pofed a tax on the Englifh clergy with- 
 out the King's confent, tor defraying 
 the expence of another croifade, not- 
 withstanding the fatal effects produced 
 by the f jrmer one. And it may not be 
 improper to take notice, that the grea' 
 army raifed on this occafion by his 
 Holinefs, was not employed in refcuing 
 the Holy Land from the hands of Infi- 
 dels, but in dethroning the Chrifiian 
 
 Emperor of Confhntinople, in order to 
 iubjjcl that empire to tho fee of Rome. 
 On Hubert's death, which happened 
 July iS, 1205, he gave many articles 
 ot Ki-ea value to his convent; and in 
 his life time he much improved his fee 
 with buildings. He built the wall 
 and made the moat round the Tower 
 of London. He kept a fumptuous ta. 
 ble, was hofpitable to all Grangers, and 
 bountiful to the poor. He was buried 
 in the fouth ifle of this church, where 
 his tomb, with his effigy in ftone upon 
 j it, is itill vifible. 
 
 STEPHEN LANGTON, A. D. 1207. 
 
 Upon Hubert's death, three parties 
 were contending with great warmth a- 
 bout the rights of appointing a fuccef- 
 for; the King ; the Monks of Canter- 
 bury, who claimed the exclufive privi- 
 vilege of electing their Archbifliop; 
 and the Prelates of the Piovince. The 
 monks made choice of their own fupe- 
 lior, Reginald, and placed him in the 
 archiepifcopal throne; and contrived 
 fecretly to fend him to Rome for con- 
 firmation; but he no fooner arrived in 
 Flanders, than he aflfumed the ftate of 
 the A*rchbilhop-elect of Canterbury, and 
 ihewed the letters of his election. The 
 monks were fo much offended at this 
 mifconduct, that they abandoned him; 
 and in order to make peace with the 
 King they fsnt fome of their number 
 to obtain his leave to proceed to the 
 election of a new Archbifliop. Accord- 
 ingly John de Grey, Bi/hop of Nor. 
 wich, was chofen, and folemnly in- 
 throned in the King's prefence. Upon 
 this the bifliops of the province fent 
 their agents to Rome to complain of 
 their exciufion, and proteft againft both 
 thofe eleclioiis, as invalid on that ac- 
 count. The Pope abolifhed the claim 
 of the Bifliop', vacated both elections, 
 and ordered the monks to chufe Car- 
 dinal Stephen Langton, a creature of 
 
 his own, without (o much as confut- 
 ing the King of England. Langton 
 was accordingly chofen Archbifhop of 
 Canterbury by a few monks at Rome, 
 and coniecrated by the Pope himfelf at 
 Viterbo, June, 1207. This unpre- 
 cedented tranfaction produced a letter 
 from John, written in a flrain very be- 
 coming a King of England. Innocent 
 immediately returned along anfwer ; 
 in which he tells the King plainly, 
 with much haughty difpleafure and re- 
 fentment, that if he perfifted, he would 
 plunge himfelf into inextricable diffi- 
 culties, and would at length be crufhed 
 by him, " before whom every knee 
 muft bow, of things in heaven, and 
 things on earth, and things under the 
 earth." Thefe two letters might be 
 confidered as a formal declaration of 
 war between the Pope and the King of 
 England. But the contsft W3s very un- 
 equal. For the former had now attained 
 that extravagant height of power which 
 made the greateft monarchs tremble 
 upon their thrones; and the latter had 
 funk very low both in his reputation 
 and authority, having before this time 
 loft his foreign dominions by his follies. 
 Innocent without delay laid all the do- 
 minions of King John under an inter- 
 dict ; then excommunkues him, and 
 N ^1 
 
( 9° ) 
 
 all the English laity; and foon after 
 pronounces a fentence of depofition 
 againlt him, and < f cxcommurication 
 a&*\nt\ nil who ;houH odcv him, or have 
 any connections with him. He ap- 
 pointed the King of France to put this 
 Sentence in cxecuti >n, and promifrd 
 him the pardon of all his fins, and the 
 kingdom of England for his reward. 
 John, notwithlt nding he mace the moft 
 vigorous preparations for his own de 
 fence, wis lutticienily intimidated by 
 his dread of the French army, and his 
 fufpicions of his own fubjects, to in- 
 duce him to make an ignominious fur- 
 render of his ciown, and kingdom to 
 the P pe. Jn confluence of this un- 
 limited fubmiilion, Stephen Lington, 
 whofe promotion had been the caufe of 
 the lite fatal conteft, came over to 
 England, took pofieflion of his fee, and 
 abfolved the King from his fentence ».f 
 excommunication; and loon after the 
 interdict was taken off. The tools wi'h 
 which his Holinefs had wrought this 
 goodly work, difappointed of the re- 
 wards they expected, began now to 
 complain loudly of neglect ; and the 
 inferior clergy who had been very great 
 fu/fereren in the caufe, could ebtain no 
 
 redrefs. In the famous conteft that 
 raged at this time between King John 
 and his barons, about the great charter 
 of their liberties, the Hope fupported 
 the party of his new vaffal with great 
 warmth, and was nor. fparing of his 
 );jiritL'al thunders againft the barons 
 and their favourers. He was fo much 
 Hifpleafed with the political conduct of 
 his own creature the archbifhop, that 
 he fufpended him, and revetfed the 
 election of his broth:r, Simon Lang- 
 ton, who had been chofen Archbifhop 
 of York. In a general council held at 
 Rome in 121 5, the doctrire of tran- 
 fubftantination was more ftrongly en- 
 forced than heietofore; and the follow- 
 ing curious reafon was afligned for it> 
 u T.iat we might receive of Chtift's 
 nature, what he had received of ours." 
 And in the fame council a canon palled, 
 which commands Kings and Princes to 
 extirpate a,l heietics in their territories, 
 under the penalty of being excommu- 
 nicated, and deprived of their domini- 
 ons ; which gave occafion to the moft 
 horrid fcenes of cruelty and blood/hed. 
 Archbilhop L.ngt <n died July 7, 122?* 
 and was buried in St. Michael's chapel, 
 in this cathedral. 
 
 RICHARD MAGNUS or WETHERSHEAD, A.D. 1229. 
 
 Chancellor of Lincoln and Dean 
 of St. Paul's. He was a man of learn- 
 ing and eloquence, and very tenacious 
 of the rights of his church. He had a 
 great difpute with Hubert de Burgh, 
 Earl of Kent ; which being referred to 
 the decifion of the P^pe, he went to 
 
 Rome, and on his return was taken ill 
 at St. Gemma, where he died, and was 
 buried in the church of the Friar* 
 Minors atthat place. As feveral of his 
 retinue died at the fame time, it has 
 been conjectured his death was occasi- 
 oned by poifon. 
 
 EDMUND, (cannonifed) A. D. 1 234. 
 
 On the death of Richard, the monks 
 chofe their Prior, John; but the Pope 
 deemed him incapable of fo high and la- 
 cred an office. They next elected John 
 Ulundj be was fufycrfeded forlirr.oniacal 
 
 practices, and Edmund, Chancellor of 
 the church of Sarum, was feated in the 
 primate's chair. He was born at Abing- 
 don in Berklhire, and was a man of a 
 moft fcvcie and rigid monaftic life and 
 conver- 
 
( 9i ) 
 
 convention ; though he was no great [ fpend the remainder of his days in ex- 
 
 friend to the monks of his convent, yet 
 he defended the privileges of the 
 church with great earneftnefs ; but as 
 there appeared no poflibility of redreff- 
 ing the injuries and opprefiions under 
 which it laboured, he determined to 
 
 He accordingly retired to SoifTy 
 in Pontiniac, where he died of a fever,, 
 anno, 1140, and fix years after he was 
 canonized in the council of Lyons, and 
 his body enfhiined with great pomp, 
 by King Lewis of France. 
 
 BONIFACE, A. D. 1245. 
 
 Procurator ©f the church of 
 Burgundy, and fon of Peter, late Duke 
 of Savoy. He finished the archiepif- 
 copal palace, and the great hall; and 
 difcharged a debt of 22000 marks, with 
 which his three predeceffbrs hadburthen- 
 ed the fee of Canterbury ; for which he 
 prevailed with the Pope to grant him 
 one year's profitof all the vacant livings 
 in his province. He founded an hof- 
 pital or college at Maidftone, called the 
 
 Newark, and is faid to have been a 
 great lover of the poor. Contemporary 
 hiftorians fay, he was more fit for at 
 army, than a church; heing cruel, 
 haughty, and infolent, of little learning, 
 but great opprefiion : he was uoiver- 
 lally hated, and had he not fied he would 
 probably have been murdered by the 
 citizens of London. He died at the 
 caftte of St. Helena in Savoy, anno 
 127a. 
 
 ROBERT KILWARDBY, (Cardinal) A. D. 1272. 
 
 He was fuft educated in the Univer- 
 fity of Oxford, went from thence to 
 Paris, where he entered into the order 
 of Dominican Friars. On his return, he 
 was chofen Provincial of the Domini- 
 cans in England, and at length feated in 
 the Primate's chair by the Pope, anno 
 1272. As he was the friend and patron 
 of the Dominicans, he founded a mo 
 naftery for them at Salifbury; and for 
 the time in which he lived, was efteem- 
 ed a man of learning, wifdom, and piety ; 
 wrote much during the former part of 
 
 his l'fe ; but while he was Archbifhop, 
 he confined himfe'f wholly to preaching. 
 In 1277, Pope Nicholas III. made him 
 a Cardinal; thereupon he refigned the 
 Archbifhopric and fat out for Rome ; 
 taking with him 5000 marcs, which 
 he raifed by impoverishing the fee; 
 where he lived only a few months. He 
 died at Viterbo, not without fufpicion 
 of poifon, the 3d ide Sept. anno 1278, 
 and was buried there, 
 belonging to his order. 
 
 JOHN PECKHAM. A. D. 1278. 
 
 Upon the refignation of Abp. Kil- 
 wrardby, the monks made choice of 
 Robert Burnell, Bifhop of Bath and 
 
 and firft educated at Lewes in that coun- 
 ty, from thence going to Oxford, he 
 became a Francifcan, and afterwards 
 
 Wells ; but the Pope refuting to confirm went to France to compleat his Itudies, 
 
 him, the election was fet afide, and 
 John Peckham placed in the chair. He 
 was descended of a poor family in Suffex, 
 
 When he was advanced to the dignity 
 
 of an Archbifhop, he was at Rome, 
 
 and at that time Palatine Reader and 
 
 N % Audita; 
 
( 9* ) 
 
 Auditor of the Pope's palace. The ex- 
 pence! of his confuniation at the papal 
 court are faid to amount to 4x00 
 marcs and of his public entry into 
 Canterbuiy at hie return, to 2000 nvrcs 
 more j yet before the end of the firft 
 jear of his pontificate lie expended 
 2000 marcs in repairing the houfes and 
 caftles of his fee, which he found in a 
 very ruinous conciti"n. H: alio founded 
 a College for Canons, ai Winpham, 
 which was valued at the Rrppfeffion at 
 84I. per annum. Not ong after his 
 arrival, beheld a provincial f nod at 
 Jlead:;jk(j in whit!) the eanons of th* 
 gehc>:l coiuicil ci Lyons, with rr. arc 
 to plu-aiitic«, were renewed, and all 
 perfons pofftfted of ccclcliaftical pre 
 ferment obliged to take prieft's orders 
 v :t'iin a year of their inflitution Some 
 of the canons made at ihis fynod the 
 king obliged him to revoke, and wnuld 
 not permit him to decree any thing 
 againft the royal prerogative, as from lis 
 
 long refidence at Rome, he had an ex- 
 cellenfdifr-ofition to extend the liberties 
 cf the church, if he had not been 
 flopped fhort at Ins letting out. He had 
 feveral 4ifputes with the King about the 
 rights and privileges of hi* fee; which 
 he always defended with a freedom and 
 refolution, that fo much offended Ed- 
 wnd, as fome t'mes to make him in- 
 clined ro fend this prelate into exile. 
 He pofleffed the primacy however to 1 1 is 
 death, which happened <.t Mortlake in 
 Decetnber, 1292, and he was b-jtied on 
 the north fide of tin. martyrdom in this 
 calhedial, John Peck ham was a man 
 6f c infiderable learning for the age he 
 lived in, particularly in the civil and 
 canon Jaw; wrote many traces in divi- 
 nity, and on fome books of fcrpture. 
 Hr governed his province and diocefe 
 with great care and firmnefs, and may 
 be faid to have betn a very able, and 
 very ufeful primate. 
 
 ROBERT WINCHELSEA, A. D. 1294 
 
 He was born of poor parents, and 
 was educated in the Grammar fchool at 
 Canterbury ; hence he went to Paris, 
 where he commenced A. M. on his re- 
 turn he purfucd his fttidies in Merton 
 College Oxford, was made D. D. and 
 afterwards Chancellor of that Univer- 
 fitv. When he was advanced to the me- 
 tropolitical throne, he held the arch 
 deaconry of EiT x, t.-gether with a ca- 
 nonry in the church of St. Paul. He 
 was very remarkable for his prudence* 
 equity, and gold temper, in the exer- 
 cife of his iuril'difrion ; and in his re- 
 fidence on the prebend, which was 
 feldom interrupted ; he was cliligtnt in 
 preaching and expounding the holy 
 fcriptures. Had his promotion rofe no 
 higher, what an excellent character had 
 he died poffeiTed ai ! But his eloa ion 
 to the primacy, infh-ad of adding lu/he, 
 threw afhaele over hij reputation, as he | 
 
 then became refllefs and tuibulent, and 
 was engaged in continual difputes with 
 the glorious King Edward I. One 
 proof of perfidioulhefs is, in his being 
 at the head of a eonfpiracy againft that 
 prince j for which he was baniihed, and 
 fufpended, with ignominy and difgrace. 
 This is the dark fide of his character j 
 but h'J had many noble qualities to fct 
 againft it. It muft be allowed that his 
 fpirit funk under the accufation of con- 
 fpiring againft the King ; but in no 
 other inftance was the courage of his 
 mind ever deficient. He preserved at 
 court, and with King Edward, a free- 
 dom which iurprized every one, which 
 great men revetcd, and which bad men 
 trcm' Ud at. The greatnefs of his 
 mind was no lefs uncommon, tlnn the 
 courage of it j for belidcs his fupport- 
 ing young fcholars at the univerfity* 
 whofe genius let ihim ahove mechanic 
 employ- 
 
( 93 ) 
 
 employments, and whofe parents were 
 indigent, he relieved above 3000 poor 
 twice a week at his houfe, and fent 
 thofe of them afiiftance who couid not 
 come for it. Bat this was not all. 
 Where the people of a condition above 
 the common fort, were fallen to decay 
 by any accident or misfortune, and yet 
 whofe modefty prevented them &( -m !o 
 1 rciting charity, thefe he relieved in an 
 extraordinary manner, according to their 
 wants. He was very moderate in his 
 defires, temperate in his eHJoyments 5 
 and a great example of regularity in 
 every part of life : grave without mo- 
 rofenefs, chearful without levity, and 
 Jiving much in the world without lov- 
 ing it in the leaft. Free from any am- 
 bition himfelf, he had the greateft re- 
 gard to merit and learning in othermens 
 not bartering away the preferments 
 which he had to difpofe of in the 
 church, in exchange for civil .places for 
 fome relations, nor providing for others 
 with benefices as an eftate, whether or 
 no they had any merit or juft preten- 
 
 tions : not expending his riches in pomp 
 and luxury, to rivril or exceed the ftate 
 and tables of the great; nor yet hoard- 
 ing up in a groveling and fordid manner 
 the emoluments of the church, to efta- 
 blifli a name, and raife his family. In 
 fliort, it may be faid of Abp.Winchelfea, 
 that if he was not the bed and greateft 
 prelate that had filled the chair of Can- 
 terbury for many ages, yet he acted the 
 part of one that was: he had fo many 
 virtues and good qualities as a man and 
 as a bifhop, that one cannot htlp lament- 
 ing there fhould be the leaft Aain what- 
 foever upon his memory. He died at 
 Otford anno 1313, and was buried in 
 the upper fouth crofs of this church, 
 near the altar of St. Gregory; where a 
 tomb was erected to his memory; which 
 being retorted to with fo much venera- 
 tion, it feems to have excited the jea- 
 loufy of* the monks ; and on that ac- 
 count probably it was demolifhed t 
 though it is faid it remained till the 
 reformation. 
 
 WALTER REYNOLDS. A.D. 1313. 
 
 After the primacy had been vacant 
 about nine months, the convent unani- 
 moufiy concurred in the choice of Tho- 
 mas Cobham, Dean of Salifbury ; a 
 native of Kent, and a man of uncom- 
 mon learning fo*. tiie age, and of great 
 regularity and devotion ; hut the Pope, 
 at the King's requeft, annulled this 
 election, and Walter Reynolds, bi/hop 
 of Worcefter, was translated to the fee 
 of Canterbury. He was the fon of a 
 baker at Windfor, became chaplain to 
 King Edward I. and preceptor to the 
 Prince, afterwards Edward II. His firft 
 port in the church was a canonry in the 
 cathedral of St Paul's, London, and 
 the rectory of Wimbledon, and after- 
 wards he was elected bifhop of Wor- 
 cefter at the King's requeft. He was a 
 prelate more diftinguifhed by hispolite- 
 
 nefs and experience in bufinefs, than by 
 his learning and abilities ; and if he had 
 lived in times of perfect tranquility, he 
 would probably have died with a good 
 character. But in the contelt between 
 the King and the Quern's faction, he 
 forgot his gratitude and the duty he owed 
 his prir.ce, and went into all the popu- 
 lar and violent meafures againft him. 
 He did not feem to want principles of 
 honour and honctty, but he had not 
 courage of mind fufficient to ait up to 
 them, at all times ; and when he did 
 they became dangerous and unfafhiona- 
 ble. Thus virtue without fortitude in a 
 public character, becomes in a manner 
 infignificant ; and it is fcarcely pofiible 
 for a coward to be an honed man. He 
 died of grief at Mortbke, in December 
 1377, and was buried in this cathedral. 
 SIMON 
 
C 94 ) 
 
 SIMON MEPHAM. A.D. i 32 s. 
 
 He was a native of Mefham in 
 Kent, whence he took his name, and 
 vhere he founded a church for the uf: 
 of the poor. Being educated at Ox- 
 ford, he took the deere: of D. D. was 
 Prebendary of LandafT, canon of Chi- 
 clnfter, and of S:. Paul's, London, and 
 Rector of Tunflal in the county of 
 Kent. The convent defied him Arch- 
 biiliop with the King's confcnt ; and by 
 the intereft of a good prefent which 
 they fen? to Rome, he was confirmed 
 and confecrated by the Pope. He wa s 
 fcarceiy returned to England before he 
 held a provincial council ; in which a 
 rubric of the principal holidays was 
 fettled, and the manner how they 
 fhould be oblerved. In the fame year 
 he began a metropolitical vifitation, and 
 made a progrefs through the fouthern 
 
 diocefes without any oppofition; but 
 when he drew near the ueft, the bifhop 
 of Exeter appeared on the fromitrs of 
 hisdiocefe with a body of men in arms, 
 and refufed to admit him. Had the 
 Archbifhop been left to his liberty, it 
 is probable the controverfy would have 
 ended in a manner f.mewhat foreign to 
 his character; but the King, being 
 made acquainted with the difpute, re- 
 called his Grace from his vilitaion, and 
 faved him from the dishonour of being 
 vanquifhed. The difappointment how- 
 ever which he met with in this project, 
 which he was obliged to drop, it is faid, 
 threw him into a fever a fliort time af- 
 ter, of which he died, at Mayfield, in 
 October 1333, and was buried in the 
 chapel of St. Aafelm in this cathedral. 
 
 JOHN STRATFORD. A. D. 
 
 1333- 
 
 This prelate was educated at Oxford, 
 where he commenced Dodtor of Laws, 
 was canon of York, Archdeacon of 
 Lincoln, Bifhop of Wincherter, and 
 Lord Chancellor. The Pope intending 
 to fill the fee of Winchefter without the 
 King, contented to his Majefty's nomi- 
 nation of the primate ; and the con- 
 Tent of Canterbury finding the King 
 recommended Stratford, made a virtue of 
 neceffity, and elected him Archbifhop. 
 While King Edward was reaping im- 
 mortal glory with his arms in France, 
 in which Edward the Black Prince, his 
 fon, had a great fhare, this primate' 
 died afier filling the metropoliiLal c'lair 
 above 13 years, and adminiftering the 
 affiirs of the kingdom in his Majefty's 
 abfence a great part of that time, with 
 much advantage to the nation, and with 
 great honour to himfelf. In the general 
 defection from the late King Edward, 
 StrJtford, then in the fee of Win- 
 
 chefter, retained his allegiance very 
 firmly j and in the beginning of this 
 reign, whilft the King was in his mi- 
 nority, was for that reafon looked upon 
 with an evil eye at court. Bur as foon 
 as the King took the reins of [_->vern- 
 ment into his hands, and began to difcern 
 men and thing 1 *, he could not overlook 
 the fidelity and good conduct of this 
 bifhop. H'- took him immediately into 
 his confidence, gave him the great feal, 
 recommended him to the primacy when 
 it was vacant, and gave him the direc- 
 tion of all his affairs. Nor was his 
 Majefty's confidence mifplaced. The 
 Archbifhop was a mai of learning, in 
 civil law efpecially, and no lefs a faith- 
 ful, than an able fervant of the crown. 
 His difinterefkdnefs in his Hate em- 
 ployment, may put the boafted patri- 
 otifm of our days to fhame. He croffed 
 the channel two and thirty times in the 
 public fervice, befjdes feveral journeys 
 towards 
 
( 95 ) 
 
 Scotland, whilft he was biftiop, for 
 which he never received above 300I. out 
 of the Exchequer. He built a fine col- 
 legiate church at Stratford, where he 
 was born ; and during all the time of 
 his primacy, diftributed money 1040 
 people with his own hands every day j 
 befides the remains of his table to 
 oilier indigent perfons, and very large 
 affiitanccs to poor lying-in women. To 
 his exemplary charity may be added his 
 gentlenefs and good nature to his clergy ; 
 whom he rather chofe to govern by a 
 little relaxation and indulgence, than by 
 too fttict an adherence to the letter of 
 ecclefiaftical difcipline. A minifter who 
 had thus ably and thus faithfully ferved 
 his King and Country, in the highei! 
 ports of church and /rate, owed it to his 
 own character to affert his innocence 
 againft calumny in the manner he di^, 
 with fortitude and freedom. The prince 
 
 who could {o fit forget himfelf as to 
 enter into the cabals of his courtiers 
 againft fuch a minifter, defeived to be 
 treated with as little ceremony, as this 
 Archbifliop ufed in his defence. An 
 honeft man overborn by fuperior power, 
 let it be in what (ration it will, has no 
 other refource but in his own magna- 
 nimity j and he was happy in fuch a 
 fpirit. Had he funk under the weight 
 of the King's difpleafure, ftirred up by 
 the treachery of invidious courriers, his 
 innocence malt have been facriftced to 
 their craft ..nd malice ; and Archbi- 
 (hop Stratford would have defcended, 
 characterifed to pofterity, as a corrupt 
 and unfaithful minifter of ftate, where 
 he is now recorded for an able politi- 
 cian, a difinterefted patriot, and an er- 
 excellent metropolitan. He died at 
 Mayfield, anno 1348, and was buried 
 in the fouth crofs of this cathedral. 
 
 JOHN de OF FORD, A. D. 1348. 
 
 He was a ftudent in the Univerfity 
 of Cambridge, where he commenced 
 D.L. afterwards canon of Wells, Dean 
 of Lincoln, and Chancellor of England, 
 and was chofen primate by the Pope, ai 
 the King's requeft j but did not live to 
 be confecrated, or confirmed. He die.: 
 anno 1349, at Tottenham, it is faid, 
 
 inteftate, and his adrainiftrator was fued 
 by Simon Iflip, for dilapidations, to 
 the amount of noil. 5s. zd.~ which 
 was recovered, notwithftanding John 
 OfFord was Archbiihop fo ihort a time. 
 He was privately interred in the nijht 
 in this cathedral. 
 
 THOMAS BR AD WAR DIN", A.D. 1349. 
 
 Educated at Merton College, Ox- 
 ford, where he commenced D.D. and 
 had a canonry in the cathedral of Lin- 
 coln. He was efteerned the moft able 
 divine of the age in which he lived j 
 and in every refpeil a good and pious 
 man, and had been recommended by 
 Abp. Stratford, as a proper perfon to be 
 his fuccsfior, and was according!) elected 
 
 immediately after that prelate's death; 
 but the choice was negatived by the 
 Pope. The fatigues of his journey to 
 Rome fcr confirmation were fo great, 
 that he fell ill of a fever, foon after his 
 return to England, and died at Lam- 
 beth, anno 1149, an< * v,as huried in 
 the chapel of Saint Anfelm in this 
 cathedral. 
 
 SIMON 
 
( 9& ) 
 
 SIMON I S L I P, A. D. 1349. 
 
 So oiled probably from the place of 
 his bilth i:i Oxfordlhire. He is faid to 
 be educaiv^ It Merton College, Oxford, 
 where he took the degree of D. L. and 
 founded Cantcilmry College in I 
 ycrfity j he was Archdeacon of Stow, 
 Vicar General tothe B:fhop of Lincoln, 
 Canon and Official of that cathedral, 
 Canon of St. Paul's and Dean of the 
 Arches; afterwards he was made Se- 
 cretary to the King, and Keeper rf the 
 Privy Seal. The monies of Canterbury 
 elected him to the archiepifcopal dignity, 
 but he was confecrated by virtue of a 
 bull from the nope. He was of a fevere 
 and rigid monaftic life, and was very 
 ftri£t upon the inferior clergy in his 
 vifitations. Being intent upon enlarg- 
 ing and improving the revenues of his 
 Diocefe, he pulled down the ruined pa- 
 lace at Wtoiham, and applied the ma- 
 
 '■vards finishing that at Maid- 
 ftonc ; andlikewife rebuilt and enlarged 
 the Palate at Lambeth ; but finding the 
 recovery for dilapidations fall fhort of 
 the defign, he, by leave of the pope, le- 
 vied a tax of fourperce in e»ery marc 
 upon the clergy of his diocefe ; which 
 his collectors increafed to a whole tenth. 
 This together with his frugality, enabled 
 him to recover the great impoverish- 
 ment;, of the fee. At his death, which 
 happened anno, 1366, he ordered his 
 funeral to be private, and conduced 
 with the leaft expence pofliblc; and he 
 was accordingly intuied at midnight in 
 the nave of this cathedral. By his will 
 he ga.e the churches of Ealtry and 
 Monk onto hii convear, and bequeathed 
 loco flierp as a perpetual ftock, his 
 rich veitments, and a large quantity of 
 plate to Chrifl Church. 
 
 SIMON L A N G H A M, A. D. 1366. 
 
 Prior and abbat of Weftminfter, 
 afterwards Lord Treafurer and Lord 
 Chancellor of England, and when he 
 was translated to the fee of Canter- 
 bury, was Li/hop of Ely. In the 
 time of this prelate, a tranfa&ion 
 happened, which may be confidered as 
 the tuft ftep towards the decline of the 
 papal power in this kingdom. The great 
 acqiiifitions which King Edward had 
 now made in France, inclined Pope Ur- 
 "ban Vil. to thnk the prcfent juncl.-.re 
 was very proper to demand the tribute 
 which King John had bound himfelf 
 and fucceffors to pay to the holy fee, and 
 which had been difcontinued almoft nil 
 this reign. In this prefumption.he was 
 pleafed to require the payment with lb 
 much haogbtinef >, and fo little diffidence, 
 that he nominated before hand, Com- 
 miffjoners to fummen Edwaid before 
 
 him, in cafe of his refufal. However 
 pacific the King might be inclined to- 
 wards his Holinefs, that none of his 
 great deGgns abroad might be interrupted, 
 yet he could not pet up with thefc im- 
 perious proceedings. A pariiame; t was 
 therefore called, in which it was refol- 
 ved by King, Lords and Commons, af- 
 ter fome days deliberation ; that neither 
 King John, norany other King of Eng- 
 land, had power to bring his dominions 
 under fuch fervitude and fubjeelion, 
 without theennfent of parliament ; that 
 if the necelfities of that King had com- 
 pelled him to this meafure, it was null 
 in itfelf, as being contrary to the oath, 
 which he took at his coronation : and, 
 therefore if the pope fhould by any means 
 whatever attempt to fupj»ort liis unjuft 
 pretenftons, that the whole nation would 
 unite with all their pov. cr to oppof e 
 
 him. 
 
( 97 
 
 him. A rsfolutlon made with fo much 
 deliberation, and fupported with to much 
 vigour and unanimity, freed not only 
 F.dward, but all the Kings of England 
 for ever after, from this infamous tri- 
 bute. The Archbi/hop of Canterbury 
 being much oppreffed with debt, l'um- 
 hioned all the clergy of his diocefe to a 
 fynod, in which he obtained fixpence in 
 •he marc of them towards the relief Of 
 his neceflitics. Afterwards, in a vifita. 
 tion of the univerfity of Oxford, he con- 
 demned 30 erroneous articles which 
 had got footing there, and confirmed 
 .<bme hymns in honour of St. Catha- 
 rine. Anno 136S, he was made a Car- 
 dinal, refigned the Archbimopric, and 
 
 retired to Avignon ; where afterwards 
 becoming very rich, he founded a mo- 
 naftery of Carthufians, and returning 
 to England, bribed the menks of Chrift 
 Church, and got re-ele&ed. The Pope's 
 power at this time being fbaken in 
 England, he could not fupport himfelf 
 in the chair; therefore ging back to 
 Avignon, he died about eight years af- 
 ter, anno 1376. His body was buried 
 in the houfe of Carthufians which he 
 had founded, but afterward? it was ta- 
 ken up, brought over to England, and 
 interred in Weftminfter Abbey j where 
 a tomb of white marble was raifed 
 to his memory, 
 
 WILLIAM WITTLESEA* A.D. 1368. 
 
 A Native of Huntingdonfhire, and 
 nephew to Abp. Iflip, to whom he was 
 Vicar General, alfo Dtan of the Arches, 
 Archdeacon of Huutingdon, Rettor of 
 Croydon and Cliff, Bifhop of Rochefter ; 
 and afterwards of Worcefter. He was 
 educated at Cambridge, %vhere he be- 
 came Mafier of Peter Houfe, and at his 
 death, bequeathed all his books to that 
 College. Nothing very remarkable oc- 
 
 curred in church affairs during his pri- 
 macy ; except his procuring a bull front 
 the Pope, to free the Univerfity of Ox- 
 ford from the jurifdielion of the Bifhop 
 of Lincoln, and to govern themfelve* 
 by their own officers and ftatutes. He 
 died the 8th of June, anno 1374, and 
 was hutied in the body of this ca- 
 thedral. 
 
 SIMON SUDBURY, A. D. 1375. 
 
 At the death of Abp.Wittlefea, the 
 monks of Canterbury elefted Eafton, 
 an Englishman, but a Cardinal then at 
 Rome, to the chair. The King was fo 
 much difgufted with their choice of a 
 peifon, who had lived fo long out of the 
 kingdom, and fo much in the intereft 
 of that court, that he had an inclination 
 to expel the convent, and banirti them 
 for ever. But the Pope interpofing, to 
 fave the monks, and appeafe the King, 
 or rather to keep alive his own preten- 
 tion, trar.fhted Simon Sudbury to the 
 fee of Canterbury. This prelate was 
 born at Sudbury in Suffolk, whence he 
 took his name, Going abroad to finifh 
 
 his education, he commenced D. L. in 
 France, afterwards became Chaplain 
 to Pope Innocent VI. and Auditor of 
 the Rota at Rome ; on his return to 
 England, he was made Chancellor of 
 Salifbury, and then Bifhop of London. 
 The nation at this time was become 
 fo generally averfe to the pretenfions of 
 the Pope, that a complaint was exhi- 
 bited in parliament againft the provi- 
 fions in favour of Cardinals and other 
 Foreigners ; who drew out of the king- 
 dom 20,oool marcs yearly from the be- 
 nefices they enjoyed, befldes what had 
 been collected for the ufe of hii Holi- 
 nefs 1 and therefore it was refolved, that 
 
 this 
 
( 9« ) 
 
 this mifchief fhould be vigoroufly op- 
 pofed, and that thofe who infilled oh 
 the Pope's provifions fhould be banifhed 
 the Kingdom. Whilft tlie parliament 
 was thus attempting to throw off the 
 yoke or" Rome, which had galled the 
 necks of the Englifh for many ages, 
 Wickliff, a fecular divine of the uni- 
 verfity ot Oxford, arofe ; and advanced 
 jpublickly fome opinions, which not 
 only contradicted the eflablifhed doc- 
 trines of religion, but alfo cut up the 
 power of the pontificate by the roots. 
 Thefe opinions, meeting with the in- 
 clinations of the laity to check the ec- 
 clefiaflical power, were embraced and 
 propagated very greedily. The Duke of 
 Lancaller, whofe power, after the death 
 of his brother, the Black Prince, was 
 little inferior to that of the King him- 
 felf, declared openly for Wickliff; and 
 protected him personally in a fynod, to 
 which the Archbifhop of Canterbury 
 had fummoned him, in obedience to an 
 order from the Pope. The Doctor be- 
 ing thus openly countenanced and power- 
 fully fupported, it was thought pru- 
 dential to enjiin him only filence for 
 the future, and that he fhould not 
 preach or publifh any of his new opi- 
 nions. King Edward dying, after a 
 
 victorious reign of 50 years, his fuc- 
 ceflor Richard, empowered the biihops 
 to arreft and imprifon the followers of 
 Wickliff, and condemn his doctrine 
 for herefy ; however, it flew with fur- 
 prizing fwiftnefs throughout the na- 
 tion: And though the author of thefe 
 opinions was fuffered to live the re- 
 mainder of his time at large, without 
 moleflation, yet his body was taken up, 
 and burnt, many years after his death. 
 Archbifhop Sudbury was beheaded on 
 Tower hill, in the infurrection under 
 Straw and Tyler. At his death he was 
 Chancellor of England, being fo created 
 at the coronation of Richard II. which 
 ceremony he performed. He was a man 
 of a free and generous fpirit, and would 
 probably have been a greater benefaftor 
 to his fee than any of his predeceffors ; 
 having built the two lower crofs wings 
 of this church, and pulled down the 
 nave, in order to rebuild it at his own 
 coil. He repaired the walls and gates 
 of the City of Canterbury; and whilft 
 he was bifhop of London, he rebuilt 
 the eafl end of St. Gregory's church in 
 Sudbury, and founded and endowed a 
 college for fecular priefts, on the fpot 
 where his father's houfe flood. 
 
 HONOURABLE WILLIAM COURTNEY, A. D. 1381. 
 
 Fourth fon of Hugo, Earl of De 
 vonfhire, by Margaret, Daughter of 
 Humphry de Bohun, Earl of Hereford, 
 by Elizabeth, Daughter of K. Edward I. 
 He was educated at Oxford, and was 
 three years Chancellor of that Univer- 
 sity. His church preferments were, be- 
 sides other benefices, a Prebendary of 
 Wells, Exeter, and York, and was fuc- 
 cefiively Bifhop of Hereford and Lon- 
 don. From the latter he was tranflated 
 to Canterbury, by the Pope's bull of 
 provifion. He died July 31, anno 1396, 
 and Lis body was entombed, by the 
 command of King Richard, in the 
 
 chapel of the Holy Trinity, in this 
 cathe-lral. Nowithfranding the great 
 advantages of his birth and ftatioi, he 
 was a prelate of great humility and 
 moderation ; and yet he did not want 
 courage of mind to refill the opprefiions 
 of the King, as far as was in ,hii 
 power. He was a great friend to his 
 order, and afferted with vigour, what 
 he thought to be the rights and liberties 
 of the church: in fhort, confidering 
 the age he lived in, he may be allowed 
 to have been a valuable and ufeful pri- 
 mate, Mr, Battley has given the fol- 
 lowing account of his benefactions to 
 
 thi> 
 
( 59 ) 
 
 this church. u He annexed to the 
 almonry the church of Mepham, a' his 
 own proper expence. He gave toward 
 repairing of the walls of the precinfh 
 of this monaftery a6?l. 13s. 4d. He 
 Hew built the lodgings and kitchen 
 belonging to the infirmary at hie own 
 cofts of 133I. 6s. Sd. He laid out in 
 making a new glafs window in the nave 
 of the church, in honour of St. El- 
 phege, the fum of sol. He built the 
 
 fouth pane or fide of the cloyfter at the 
 expence of 300I. He gave to the high 
 altar an image of the Holy Trinity, 
 with fix of the Apoftles in nlver gilt, 
 valued at 340I. and a rich cope worth 
 300I. He obtained from King Richard, 
 and other of his friends, toward the 
 building of the nave of the church, 
 the fum of iocol. He. is recorded to 
 have given out of his own private purfe 
 1000 marcs toward the fame building." 
 
 HONOURABLE THOMAS ARUNDEL, A. D. 1396. 
 
 Second fon of Richard Fitzalan, 
 Earl of Arundel. In his 22d year he 
 was made Archdeacon of Taunton; on 
 Aug. 13, 1373, bi/hop of Ely; on 
 April- 3, 1388, Archbilhop of York; 
 from whence in October 1396, he was 
 translated to Canterbury, being then 
 Lord Chancellor of England, which of- 
 fice he refigned on accepting the pri- 
 macy. He died at Hackington near 
 Canterbury, Feb. 19, anno 1413, and 
 was buried in the nave of this church, 
 under a tomb, he had eTefted in his life 
 time. He was a confiderable benefac- 
 tor to the cathedral, as he rebnilt great 
 part of the nave, and almoft all the 
 lanthern tower, which he furnilhed with 
 a ring of bells ; and bequeathed to it 
 at his death, fundry veftments, plate, 
 jewels, books, and ornaments,; to 
 gether with the church of Godmer- 
 fham, out of which he ordered 6s, 8d. 
 to be given yearly to every monk of 
 the convent on the feaft of St. Thomas 
 Becket. This primate was a man of a 
 good natural capacity, well improved 
 by ftudy, and experience of the world : 
 neither was he wanting in courage, 
 learning, or activity to qualify him for 
 the eminent poll which he had fuf- 
 tained. By virtue of his office as 
 Chancellor, he was one of the Com- 
 mifiioners appointed to the care of pub, 
 lie affairs in the reign of Richard, and 
 executed that commiflion. But the 
 
 King having procured a houfe of com^ 
 mons afterwards at his devotion, Abp. 
 Arundel was impeached for having ex- 
 ecuted a commiflion fo prejudicial to the 
 toyal prerogative: and though the King- 
 had promifed to indemnify him in order 
 to prevent his making any defence, yet 
 he permitted him to be bani/hed. This 
 accounts for his taking up arms againft 
 his Majefty, and perfuading the Duke 
 of Lancafter to make an attempt againft 
 him : it accounts too for the great zeal 
 with which he pufhed on the dethroning 
 Richard, and for his long harangue in 
 commendation, of the ufurper. But 
 though it accounts for his conduct, it 
 does not excufe it; becaufe if we ihould. 
 be inclined to overlook his being at the 
 bottom of a confpiracy againfl the King, 
 who had unjuftly banithed him, and al- 
 moft overturned the confticution; yet 
 there is nothing can juitify his fettin" 
 the crown on the head of Henry, who 
 was not the legal heir, to the prejudice 
 of the prince who was. But even this 
 does not equal another blemifh upon 
 his character, which is of a much dee- 
 per dye, and which all the virtues of 
 Arundel can never take away: This 
 was his extreme feverity againir the 
 Lollards. Even allowing him to have 
 had all the provocation from thefe peo- 
 ple that he himfelf could urge; allow- 
 ing the abfurd and monftrous do&rine 
 O's of 
 
( ioo ) 
 
 of tranfubftantiation, which they de- 
 nied, to hae been true and fcriptural ; 
 and, which perhaps was more offenfive 
 to this prelate, that the r attack of 
 church power was utterly indefenfible 
 and deftructive of religion ; yet to put 
 men to death for ar:y fnch opinions, 
 was a practice neither warranted by 
 reafon nor by fcripture; and to a death 
 of fuch horrid torment, was a reproach 
 not only to his character as a chr.ltian 
 bilhop, but even to the feelings of hu- 
 
 manity. But character and htuatnttj 
 are weak confiderations, when oppolcd 
 to religious impulfe and the infligation 
 of divine fury. la ftiort, Arundel, 
 with many virtues to have made him a 
 good man, and many qualifications to 
 fill the primacy with honour to himfelf, 
 and advantage to the kingdom, by his 
 bigotry alone became an enemy to his 
 country; and produced oppreffions and 
 defolations repugnant to his glory, and 
 the intereft of the ftate. 
 
 ROGER WALDEN, A. D. 139 3. 
 
 On Abp. Arundel's banifhment and 
 tranflition to the fee of St. Andrew'*, 
 in Scotland, by the papal authority ; 
 Roger Walden the King's Treafurer, 
 was feated in the metropolitan chair; 
 
 but on Henry, Duke of Lancafter.gain. 
 iiiK the crown cf England, he was 
 ejected, and Arundel reinstated in hi* 
 dignity. 
 
 HENRY CHIC HE LEY, A, D. 1414. 
 
 Chancellor of the church of Sa- 
 lisbury, and Bilhop of St. Davids. This 
 prelate was born at Higham-Ferrers, in 
 Ncrthamptonfhire, where he founded 
 a college for eight fellows, four clerks, 
 and fix choiriAers ; and an alms-houfe 
 for the poor, which'was augmented by 
 liis brothers Robert and William, Al- 
 dei.-nen of the city of London. Hi 
 finifhed his education in New College, 
 Oxford, where he commenced D. L 
 and founded Bernard's (now St. John's) 
 and All Soul** Colleges in that Univer- 
 fity. He likewifc built the library be- 
 longing to this cathedal and f rrnifhed 
 it with bcoks. Finding himf<lf worn 
 out with aj;e and infi.mities, and hav- 
 ing a truer fenfe of religion, than to fill 
 a great office in the church which he 
 could not dilcharge, or to keep the re- 
 revenue: of it from thofe who did the 
 duties for him, he wrote to the Pope 
 for leave to refign his fee, and to re 
 Comrrend one to fucceed him, in Aid) 
 terms as afford a Idfon of instruction 
 and reproof to his poftcrity. Whatcvei 
 
 was the anfwer received, he was foon 
 accommodated to his wifhes, by being 
 taken out of the world, on the ii'h or 
 April, anno, 1443, an< * J onn Stafford, 
 Biftiop of Bath, appointed his fu^ceffor. 
 He was buried on the north fide of the 
 choir of this cathedral, under a magni- 
 ficent monument of his own railing, 
 during his life. Such was the glorious 
 end of Abp. Chicheley, after a life of 
 great integrity, and of eminent ftrvice 
 to the church and kingdom, 29 years 
 of which he filled the chair of Primate : 
 an end by which he did as much honour 
 to his religion, and gave as great a 
 lufhe to his character, as by the whole 
 courfe of liis life. He had humility 
 enough to ulc his clergy with refpect 
 and freedom, and yet he had fpirit 
 enough to preferve the jurifdiction of his 
 fee, and to appear openly again)! licen- 
 tioufnefs how great foever thofe might 
 be by whom it was countenanced. lie 
 mrnaged however by the exercife of 
 his authority with that prudence and 
 dexterity towards the great men of the 
 kingdom, 
 
( IOJ ) 
 
 kingdom, (o as never to forfeit the fa- 
 vour of his Sovereign. He gave many 
 proofs of his attachment to the intereft 
 of his King and Country, by fteadily 
 oppofing the papal ufurpations ; and if 
 during his primacy we meet with no 
 burning of heretics, nor any other pu- 
 niihmsnt but impiifonment, and that 
 in a few inftances only, may we not 
 impute it to the candour, good fenfe, 
 and chriftian fpirit of this prelate ? He 
 knew the true ufe of a great fortune in 
 a churchman, and he made it accord- 
 ingly. He did not amafs immenfe 
 wealth out of the church, to raife a 
 
 name in the world, or to aggrandize re- 
 lations ; hut he fpent his eftate in en- 
 couraging learning, in the intereft of 
 religion, and freeing deferving men from 
 the difficulties of a flender income. In 
 fhort, Chicheley was one of the greateft, 
 and one of the beft men of the age i 
 and hence it is that he never attained 
 to the honour of the purple, which wii 
 fo laviihly bellowed upon men of lefs 
 merit and learning : but he wanted one 
 indifpenfible qualification for a Cardi- 
 nal } he had not a greater zeal for the 
 fee of Rome, than for his native 
 country. 
 
 JOHN STAFFORD, A. D. 144.3. 
 
 Son of Sir Humphry Stafford, of 
 Hook in the parifh of Abboifbury in 
 the county of Dorfet. He was educated 
 at Oxford, commenced D. L. was Ad- 
 vocate, Vicar General to Abp. Chiche- 
 ley, Prebendary of Salilbury and Lin- 
 coln, Deau of Salisbury and Wells, Bi- 
 fliop of Salilbury, and afterwards of" 
 Bath and Walls, whence he was tranf- 
 
 lated to Canterbury, at the requeft of 
 his predeceflbr. He was Keeper of the 
 Privy Seal to King Henry V. and made 
 Lord Treafurer cf England by King 
 Henry VI. He died at Maidftone anno 
 1452, and was buried in the Martyr- 
 dom in this cathedral under a flat grave 
 ftone. 
 
 J O N H K E M P. A. D. 1452. 
 
 This prelate was born at Wye in 
 Kent, and educated at Merton College, 
 Oxford, where he commenced D. L. 
 fome time after he was made Arch-dea- 
 con of Durham, Dean of the Arches, 
 and Vicar General to Archbiihop Staf- 
 ford. In January 1419, he was elected 
 Bilhop of Rochefter 3 in Feb. 142 1 
 tranflated to Chichefter, and the fame 
 year removed to London ; and again in 
 
 1425, he was advanced to the fee of 
 York; in 1452 made a Cardinal, and 
 tranflated to the Archiepifcopal dignity 
 of Canterbury, being at that time Lord 
 Chancellor of England. He founded a 
 college of fecular priefts at Wye, which 
 at the fuppreflion was valued at 93I. 
 2s. 6d. per annum. He died in April 
 1454, and was buried in this church, 
 on the fouth fide of the prefbyterium. 
 
 HONOURABLE THOMAS BOURGCHIER, A. D. 1454. 
 
 Son of William, Earl of Ewe, and 
 theCountefs of Suffolk. He was brought 
 up at Oxford, and was three years Chan- 
 cellor of that Univerfity, afterwards 
 Dean of St. Martin's in London, fuc- 
 ceffively Bilhop of Worcefter and Ely j 
 
 from the latter he was tranflated to Can- 
 terbury, the fame year made a Cardinal, 
 and the year following Lord Chancellor 
 of England. It is remarked by a con- 
 temporary writer, that religion was at 
 this period much on the the decline ; 
 
 that 
 
( 10* ) 
 
 that a difcharfe of the functions of a 
 parifh prieft were almoft grown into 
 difufe and become impracticable. This 
 be imputes to the practice of non-refi- 
 dence, to the promoting unworthy and 
 illiterate perfons in the church, to the 
 cxcdfive indulgence of pluralities, and 
 to the bellowing degrees in the Univer- 
 sities on thofe who had neither morals, 
 nor any kind of merit to recommend 
 thetrw'i'hey were purchafed without any 
 regatd to life or learning ; and that this 
 corruption in the univerfities overfpread 
 the country with ignorance. About 
 this time we meet with the firft deifti- 
 cal writer in England, Peacock, Bifhop 
 of Chichefter ; who publifhed fevcral 
 books in favour of natural reafon above 
 the fcripture. The only thing of any 
 confequence, in which this Arch- 
 bifhop bore any part, was bringing the 
 art of printing into England, in the 
 year 1464. He being informed that a 
 prefs was fet up at Harlem, prevailed 
 on Henry VI. then on the throne, to 
 fend two men over under the titlp of 
 merchants, in order to conceal their bu- 
 finefs, with 1000 marks in their pocket, 
 of which 300 were fumifhed by the 
 Archbifliop, that they might make 
 themfelves matters of this myftery. As 
 foon as they were fettled at Harlem, 
 they cultivated an acquaintance with 
 one of the compofitors; and at length, 
 by money and promifes, perfuaded him 
 to carry off' a fet of letters, and em- 
 bark with them in the night for Eng- 
 land. When they came to England, the 
 Archbiihop, judging Oxford a more 
 convenient place for printing than Lon- 
 don, he fsnt the compofitor thither ; 
 and for fear he fhould flip away before 
 he had difcovered the whole fecert, they 
 fet a guard upon the prefs; and thus 
 the art of printing appeared fooner ai 
 this Univerfity, by the care and con 
 trivance of this Archbifliop, than a: 
 
 any other place in Europe, except 
 Mentz and Harlem. This was an aft 
 of public fpiritednefs well worthy the 
 care of a primate of England: and if 
 he had taken all the expence, fmall at 
 it was, as well as all the management 
 of it upon himfelf, it would have been 
 ftill more for his honour. But Abp. 
 Bourgchier was more like fome of thofe 
 who have followed, than like fome who 
 had gone before him, in that fee : not- 
 withstanding the noblenefs of his birth, 
 he had a mean and illiberal turn} and 
 the only public benefactions from him 
 that we can find, even in that age, 
 when public binetaftions were in high 
 repute, was izol. which he gave to the 
 Univtrlity of Cambridge. But if we 
 read of none or his virtues, we meet 
 with none o: his vices, except this of 
 avarice : which in a great eccleAaftic, 
 whofe foul can never be toe much in. 
 dined to liberality, is one of the wortl. 
 Such is the character given of this pre- 
 late by Dr. Warner, in his Ecclefiaftical 
 Hiftory. But according to Mr. Battely, 
 who has printed an extract from his 
 laft will, we find the following bequefts. 
 To the poor ipol. To this church an 
 image of the Trinity of pure gold, en- 
 riched with pearls and precious ftone», 
 divers rich vdtments of cloth, of gold, 
 &c. To the cathedral church of Wor- 
 certer an image of the bleffed Virgin* 
 valued at 69I. 5s. To the univerfities 
 of Oxford, a chefl with 100I. in it, and 
 of Cambridge a like chef}, with tool, in 
 it, to be lent gratis for the ufe of poor 
 fcholars. Befides feveral rich veft- 
 ments, books, money, &c, to feveral 
 conventual and collegiate churches, and 
 the value of 1000I. to his fuccefTor, ia 
 recompence for dilapidations. He died 
 at his palace at Knoll, on March 30, 
 anna i486, and was buried in thii 
 church on the north fide of the choir. 
 
 JOHN 
 
( i03 ) 
 
 JOHN MORTON, A. D. 1486^ 
 
 Bor n at Milbourn in Dorfetihire, and 
 educated firft at Corn Abbey, then at 
 Baliol College in Oxford, where he 
 commenced D, L. and in 1447, was 
 Vice Chancellor of that Univerfity, and 
 Moderator of the fchool of civil Law j 
 and in 1453, became Head of Peckwa- 
 ter Inn ; afterwards Advocate in the 
 Prerogative Court of Canterbury, Pre- 
 bendary of Fordington and Wuthring- 
 ton in Sarum, and Mailer of the Rolls; 
 in 1473, Rector of St. Dunitan's, in 
 the Welt, London ; in 1474, Arch- 
 deacon of Winchester $ and in 1478, 
 bifliop of Ely, whence he was translated 
 to the primacy, the year following made 
 Lord Chancellor of England, and in 
 1493 advanced to the purple. He was 
 a prelate of great natural parts, which 
 he had improved by the ftudy of the 
 law, and other branches of learning; 
 in which considering the age he lived 
 in, he was very eminent. Thefe ad- 
 vantages procured him, among his great 
 church preferments in the reign of 
 Henry VIII. a place in the privy council. 
 Notwithstanding the frequent factions 
 and disturbances in the court of that 
 unhappy Prince, Morton had the wif- 
 dom to keep clear of them, and to con- 
 tinue firm to the interest of his Sove- 
 reign. On the fucceffion of Edward, 
 and at the death of Henry, this fidelity 
 was obferved to his honour by the 
 reigning King. Whatever might be his 
 defects as an archbi/hop, he had genius, 
 learning, fecrecy, and experience, to 
 m.'ke him an able ftatefman. His great 
 power and intereft with the King, and 
 taking the faults of the King Sometimes 
 upon himfelf, had acquired him the 
 
 envy and difpleafure of the nobility and 
 the people. Thus the frequent fubfi- 
 dies ar.d oppreffions, to fill the coffers 
 of Henry, were charged to the ac- 
 count of the Archbifhop : whereas it 
 appeared after his death, that the mi- 
 niiler was fo far from advifing thefe 
 meafures, that he retrained the King's 
 avarice, and diverted his projects of 
 raifing of money. His fortune wasdif. 
 pofed of fuitably to his rank and''ie 
 largenefs of his revenue, in munificence 
 and liberality to thofe who were in 
 need; and at his death he bequeathed 
 it all to pious ufes. He was a great be- 
 nefactor to this church, befides expend- 
 ing a large fum in rebuilding the mid- 
 dle tower ; and obliged his executors, 
 by an oath before his death, that they 
 Should maintain 20 fcholars at Oxford* 
 and jo at Cambridge, for 20 years. 
 Among his other good qualities we 
 ought not to omit the confeientious 
 freedoms, which we are affined he took 
 with the King; reprefenting his mil- 
 carriages to him with that gravity, and 
 reprehenfion which became his office 
 and character. In truth this Archbi- 
 fhop was a great and good man; and if 
 learning and religion did not nourifh 
 much in his administration, it was more 
 his misfortune than his faults There 
 have been wifer and better times ; and 
 yet in chefe there have been Arch- 
 bifhops neither fo great, nor fo good as 
 Morton. He died of a quartan ague, 
 at Knoll, in the 80th year of his age, 
 October 12, 1500, and was buried in 
 the undercroft of this cathedral. 
 
 HENRY DEAN, A.D. 1501. 
 
 This prelate was fuppofedtobe edu- I commencing D. 9. wa6 afterwards made 
 cared at New-College in Oxford, where I Abbat, of Lanthony in the county of 
 
 Glouceftef 
 
( «<H ) 
 
 Clouccfter; in 1456 preferred to the 
 bifiiopric of Bangor, and thence to Sa 
 lifbury. Before his tranflation to the 
 primacy, he was mad? Chancellor of 
 the Garter, Chief Jufticlary or Ireland, 
 and laft.ly.Lord Chancellor of England; 
 which office he held at his death, 
 
 which happened on February 16, ahho 
 1503; he was buried in the martyr- 
 dom, in this church. He in gri 
 rebuilt the archiepifcopM palace at Ott- 
 ford, and gave the iron railing upon 
 Rochefter bridge. 
 
 WILLIAM WAR HAM, A. D. 1503. 
 
 Bontf at Oakly in HampfVire, and 
 defended of an ancient family in that 
 county. He was firft educated at Wick- 
 ham College, Winchctier, from whence 
 he was in 1475 admitted Perpetual Fel- 
 low of New College in Oxford, there 
 created D, L. and in 144.8 Advocate 
 and Moderator of the civil law School ; j 
 and taking orders, had the parfonage Of 
 Barley in Hertford 5 in 1493, the Chan- 
 torihip of Wells, in which year he was 
 conflituttd Mafter of the Rolls 5 in 
 1 502, made Bifhop of Lonjon and Kee- 
 per of the Great Seal, and foon after 
 Lord Chancellor of England. He re- 
 paired the Palace, and the great tower 
 of the church, at Canterbury, and ex- 
 pended 30,000!. in rebuilding and re- 
 pairing the different feats belonging to 
 the Archbifhop, and in his will delired 
 his fucceflbr not to fue for dilapidations. 
 He died at Hackington on Auguft 23, 
 1532, and was buried under the north 
 window of the martyrdom in this cathe- 
 dral. This prelate held the great feal 
 for the hrlt leven years after the ac- 
 teffion of King Henry V1I1. till Wol- 
 fty, by his ill treatment obliged him to 
 refign it; whofe power and intercft with 
 the King and the court of Rome were 
 fo much greater than the Archbilhop's, 
 that, during all the Cardinal's adminif- 
 tration, he was little more than the 
 ftadow of a metropolitan. As he was 
 a man of parts and principle, fo he 
 could not fee theinfclence and depra- 
 vity of the Cardinal without complain- 
 
 ing of it to the King; which put tho 
 prelates upon ill terms with one ano- 
 ther as long asWolfdy lived. As Hide as 
 he would ftoop to that haughty minif- 
 ter, he was fubmiffive enough to the 
 King ; and in all his public fpeeches 
 addreffed him with a fla;tery very un- 
 becoming a churchman of the highefl 
 dignity. He is faid to have underllood 
 the interelt of the nation, and the ca- 
 non law, as well as moft men of his 
 time ; and if we may judge from the 
 fevcrity with which he profecuted the 
 Lollards, he underftood them better 
 than the principles of his religion. His 
 conduct in this refpeft admits of no 
 excufe, but that of a zeal which was 
 not according to knowledge. He was a 
 friend to men of merit and learning, if 
 they were unfufpefted of herefy ; and 
 encouraged a more rational and ufefuf 
 knowledge, than was to be acquired by 
 the learning of tb-J fchools. But yet 
 we read of no j ublic benefaftions, no 
 endowments in favour of learning or 
 religion ; which, confidering he held 
 the primacy almoft 30 years, will give 
 us no great idea of his charity and be- 
 nevolence. The lengths which he went 
 to oblige the King, as Chancellor of 
 theUnivernty of Oxford, in the affair 
 of his marriage, and in fettingthe hand 
 ind leal of bifliop Fifher without that 
 prelate's confent, we muft leave to be 
 justified by thofe who found high the 
 piety of Archbifhop Warham. He was 
 certainly very open to the impreffions of 
 boft 
 
C 105 ) 
 
 nope and fear ; and with very good in- 
 tentions towards religion, his avarice aim: 
 timidity were fo predominant, as to take 
 
 off all the luftre of his example, in hid 
 own, and fucceeding ages. 
 
 THOMAS CRANMER, A. D. 153: 
 
 Born at Arflaiton in Northarhpton- 
 fhire, and educated at Jefus College in 
 Cambridge, where he became Fellow and 
 A, M. and afterwards Divinity Reader, 
 Moderator, and D.D. in that Univer- 
 llty. On the death of Warham, the 
 King faw it was of importance to the 
 defigns which he had in hand, that the 
 fee of Canterbury fhould be filled with 
 a man of learning and great abilities. 
 With this view he fent to Cranmer, 
 then in Germany, to acquaint him with 
 his intention of advancinging him to 
 the metropolitan chair, and to defire 
 him to return home in order to take 
 poiTefiion of it. But Cranmer had dif- 
 ficulties to get over, before he could em- 
 brace this great offer 5 and even at laft 
 accepted it rather in obedience to the 
 King, than to gratify any pafiion of his 
 own for power and grandeur. It ap- 
 pears from his whole conduct that he 
 had a true and primitive fenfe of the 
 great duties arifing from fuch an im- 
 portant Ration ; which in a mind like 
 his, the c'larms of itattlinef; could 
 fcarce overbalance. He muft fee the 
 ftorm which was then arifing from the 
 court of Rome ; which would add 
 greatly to the duties of a metropolitan, 
 whofe bufinefs it was to direct, it, arfd 
 which could fcarcely be dueled wiih- 
 out obloquy, envy, and danger. He 
 mult be convinced of the obflmacy with 
 which Henry perfevered in the mea 
 fures which he once approved ; and yet 
 how inconftant he was in his favour to 
 his belt and mo "t faithful fervants. 
 Though Cranmer wanted neither cou- 
 rage nor wifdom, yet he had a natural 
 fimplicity and opennefs of heart, which 
 might perhaps give him an aver fi on to 
 
 P 
 
 the courts of Princes ; where nothing 
 prevails fo little as truth and candour. 
 But thefc were not all the difficulties 
 which he had fo ftruggle with, nor per- 
 haps the rr.sft important. He had read 
 many of the books of Luther, and con- 
 vened with many of his followers whilft 
 he lived in Germany, which had given 
 him an unfavourable idea of the ufur- 
 patious of the court of Rome; whofe 
 ci-.ims he thought unfcriptural and ua- 
 juft. We may eafily conceive, that a 
 primate Co high in the efteem of his 
 King, and polTefling feniiments fo un- 
 favourable to the tyrannic power of the 
 Roman church, itujl! be capable of pro- 
 ducing great changes in a ftate where 
 rsligion was become the means of op- 
 preflion on the one hand, and fallen in- 
 to ignorance anc! indifference on the 
 other. And when we add to this, that, 
 the prince upon the throne was deter- 
 mined upon enlarging his own power, 
 to the total exclusion of the Pope's iu- 
 nfdi£Hon in hisocminions ; though the 
 nvans made ufe of are not to be juili- 
 fied in every inflance, nor the imme- 
 diate effects to be mentioned without 
 horror 5 yet the confequences that fol- 
 lowed of bringing about the glorious 
 reformation may be confidered as the 
 happy and important eftabliihment of 
 religious liberf in Britain. On the 
 acceffion of Queen Mary, who bore 
 Cranmer an implacable hatred, on ac- 
 count or his eonfenting to her mother's 
 divnrce, the Archbifhop was brought to 
 his trial, and through the extreme bi- 
 gotry of the Queen, ana the inveterate 
 malice of his enemies, he was degraded 
 excommunicated, and then conilgned 
 ever to the fecuiat power and burnt for 
 h*cfy\ 
 
( ioS ) 
 
 ivrefy- While in confinement, at Ox- 
 ford, he refitted all the arguments 
 againft eveiy engine that had been uled 
 to overturn hit conftancy : but at laft 
 the infitmitics of human nature got the 
 better, and he was, at the near approach 
 of a fiery death, prevailed on to fub- 
 fcribe an abjuration oi hit religion. The 
 Ciucen, who had made a meiit ot par- 
 doning his private offence; a^ain.l hrer- 
 felf, that flie might put him to death 
 with greater torment unr'er a pietencc 
 of religious zeal, finding her meafures 
 broke by his abjuration, pulled off the 
 mafic, and (hewed that nothing would 
 fatisly her but Lis death. Accord- 
 ingly every thing was prepared, and the 
 venerable Archbilhop led, an awful and 
 melancholy fptdtacle, to the place of 
 execution. As loon as he came to it, 
 he prayed, and undrefied himfelf, and 
 being tied to the ftake, and the fire 
 kindled, he extended his right arm into 
 the flame; nevei drawing it back, ex- 
 cept once to wipe his face, till it was 
 confumed, faiing often, "This un- 
 wonhyhand;" ttftiljing a repentance 
 for the fault he had committed in fign 
 ing his recantation. He burnt to all 
 appearance without pain or motion, and 
 feemed to repel the torture, by mere 
 flrength of mind. Thus ended the life 
 of Thomas Cranmer, Archbifhop of 
 Canterbury, in the 6;th year of his 
 age, anr the z~6 of his primacy; leav- 
 ing an only fon of his own name behind 
 him. This prelate has been generally 
 blamed by almoft all h'liorians, for too 
 great a compliance with the will of that 
 ahfurd and irreligious Prince Henry 
 VIII. There are many occafions, 
 vhere one withes the King's humour 
 bad been got the better of ; but Cranmer 
 could not do this alone. He might 
 have excluded himfelf from the coun- 
 cil, or he might have brought himfelf 
 to the block, by oppofing the King's 
 viitafuies fingly, and unfupported by all 
 the Vt'icr bifhops. Whereas by agcneial 
 
 compliance, hintinp meafures at a dtf- 
 'tance, and a: it were by accident, he 
 put the King on many occadrns on 
 and gocd defigns : and to fay 
 the tiuth, the whole that w.is d' i ne to- 
 wards the reformation, in the reign of 
 Henry, wMentirel) owing to the ad- 
 drefs of the Archbifh<>p, and his dex- 
 trous management or the King's fro- 
 ward humour. The learnin.' which he 
 had acquiicd in the canon and civil law, 
 was equal to that of the chiet of his 
 cotemporaries. His only difecl as a man 
 of letters was in hi? ftyle, which wai 
 diffufed and unconnected, evtn for that 
 age; but he was not fin^ular nor re- 
 markable in this defefr. He lived at a 
 time when an Aichbifiiop had con- 
 tinual avocations at the council table, 
 and when almoft all the bufinefi of the 
 ftate, was the bufinefs of the church and 
 of religion; in which he muft necef- 
 farily take the lead, and fhare the 
 greateft burthen. He had all the fkill 
 and learning of the church of Rome, 
 as well as the prtjudices of his country, 
 and the intereft of the clergy, to con- 
 tend againft; and he had fcarcely any 
 one of his profeflion, betides his fellow- 
 martyr, Bifhop Rid ey, that was either 
 able or willing to aflift him in the con- 
 teft. But notwithftandinj; the public 
 demands upon him, :.s the head of the 
 reformation, he found time to difcharge 
 the proper duties of an Archbifhop. 
 His clergy were overlooked with as 
 much care and afliduity as though hit 
 thoughts were wholly occupied about 
 the care of the cpifcopal office. When 
 the hofpitality of Lis table was provided 
 for, which was plentiful without luxu- 
 ry, and gieat wi hout magnificence, to 
 which I is honeft neighbours andtradef- 
 men were invited, all the reft of his 
 revenue was laid out on the poor, and 
 in pious ufes; witnefs the pei.fions 
 which he gave to many German refugees, 
 and the infirmaries which he kept in his 
 houfc for the fick and wounded feamen 
 
( io7 ) 
 
 in the tVrvice of the crown. He had 
 that thorough contempt of the world 
 which is effential to the character of an 
 ecclpfiartick ; how little foever it has 
 been p'aftifed by ecclefiaftics in la'er 
 
 tion, iliould put us all upon «ur guard 
 agair.ft the frailties of human nature. 
 His faulty as well as his virtues, arc 
 ijt before us for our fnftruclion: and if 
 he was prevailed on, through the weak* 
 
 ages : but the whole rranners of Cran- j nefs of this mortal flefh, to deny hit 
 mer were adapted to his profeflion ; af- | mafter, let us remember that he under- 
 fable, gentle, eafy to be intreated, full i went a very painful martyrdom,' in which 
 of benevolence, and condefcenfion, for- I he exprtlTed a deep refentment of his 
 
 giving, juft, and tender hearted. But 
 amidft all the honour and gratitude which 
 fhould be paid to the memory of this 
 great apoftle of the reformed church of 
 England, we muft not forget tha r . he 
 was a man, and therefore not without 
 his faults. But the lait falfe ftep he 
 made, inffead of exciting cur indigna- 
 
 former fraiity, with an heroic conftancy 
 and fortitude, which was almoft above 
 the reach of mortals. In iborr, if W C 
 look at Cranmer in all points of view, 
 we muft aliow him to h/ve been a pro- 
 digy of a man ; and that his equal ne- 
 ver was, nor' probably 'ever will be, feen 
 in the fee of Canterbury. 
 
 HONOURABLE REGINALD POLE, A. D. 155$. 
 
 Fourth fon of Sir Richard Pole, 
 Lord Montague, by Margaret Flantage- 
 net, Countefsof Saliibury, daughter of 
 George Duke of Clarence, younger bro- 
 ther 10 King Edward IV. He was born 
 at StovertonCartie in Staffordshire, and 
 brought up at the monaftery of Carthu- 
 fians at Shene'in Surry ; whence he 
 went to Magdalen College, Oxford, and 
 became fellow of Corpus Chrifti. In 
 1517, he was made a Prebend in the 
 cathedral of Sarum, and two years af- 
 ter Dean of Wimbourn Minfter in Dor- 
 fetfhire. Being fent abroad by Henry 
 VIII. he refided feven years at Padua; 
 in the mean time the King made him 
 Dean of Exeter ; and having abolifhed 
 the papal power in England fent for him 
 home; he refuting to return was di- 
 verged of his deanry, and proclaimed a 
 traitor. The Pope to make him amends 
 for the King's difpleafure, created him 
 a Cardinal, and deputed him Ambaffa- 
 dor to the Emperor, and the King of 
 France. He was afterwads made Legate, 
 and fat in the Council of Trent } was 
 twice elected Pope, but not approving 
 of the proceedings at his election, he at 
 
 P a 
 
 lift loft it. Upon this difappointment 
 he retired to Verona ; and at the accef- 
 fion of Q^Mary, he was defired by that 
 Princefs to return to England, and take 
 upon him the chief direction in church 
 affairs. Shortly after he arrived, in 
 character of Legate from Pope Julius 
 III. and was confecrated Archbifhop of 
 Canterbury the day after Cranmer' j ex- 
 execution, May 22, 1555, and died the 
 lame night with Queen Mary, Nov. 17,- 
 1558. Forty days after he was buried 
 in this cathedral on the north fide of 
 Beckei's crown. .This prelate was a 
 modeft, humble, good natured, and 
 JeJrned man. The divihons among the 
 proteitants, and their want of difci^ 
 pline, 'heir difregard of the facred or- 
 Her, and their feizing the church reve- 
 nues, together with the prejudices of 
 education, inclined him to think that 
 religion was not well fupported without' 
 a power equal to that of a Pope. But 
 he was plainly governed by motives of 
 confeience. Had intereft or ambitiorj 
 fwayed him, he would have complied 
 with Henry's meafures, and then pro- 
 bably have flood foremoft in that . 
 prince'* 
 
( io8 ) 
 
 prince'* favour t neither would lie have 
 declined the holy chair, when it* as 
 orTcied him, if wealth and grea:nef< had 
 been his object. His whole co.idiCt 
 was exemplary in a) refpe<£ts : and had 
 he lived under a i ( ope of lefs ha jghti- 
 nefs, and a Q^een of lefs cruelty, 
 his mcafures mi^ht have been fatal to 
 the reformed religion. The g eat pat- 
 tern of difinteieflednefs, regui nty, and 
 ap(.licati< n w'uch he had (hewed h m- 
 f^lf i h s care lo refc m the manner of 
 the clergy, and, the.ab.ufe} v»hich :hi-ir 
 floth and nc^li^ence had introduced; 
 and the candid and geatle treatment 
 wUh which h« dehred the Pioteftints 
 might be ufed, in all appearance would 
 have been much mire fatal to the pio 
 grefs of the refomation, than the in- 
 dulgence of the biihops to th<: vices of 
 their own party, and the inhuman fe- 
 verities experienced on the other. His 
 Oppofi'ion to fw^rJ and tire, gave his 
 enemies room to fufped him of lean- 
 jag a little towaids the hertticks ; 
 wherefore lie was never taken, or at 
 Jeaft never heard, in their councils a 
 tout religion. But they d:d net onder- 
 tfand him. Thefweetnefs of his tem- 
 per, and the folidity of his judgment, 
 both concurred in engaging him againft 
 cruelty and violence; but he had an in- 
 vincible attachment to the fee of Rome, 
 
 to a degree of fuperftition, and thought 
 it impuffible to maintain the order and 
 unny of the church without it. He 
 w s very incoafiftent in pne prrticular, 
 which w t, that at the fame time he 
 was exclaiming againft the perfecutiprj 
 q( the reformed, and would not himfelf 
 take any part in that daughter, he wai 
 giving commifTions to ethers to proceed 
 in it, and returned a certificate into the 
 Court of Chancery, of feveral who had 
 been conceited of herefy before the 
 commifTaries of his appointing. But, 
 hov»e er, it may be faid of him, that 
 he was a man of as great probity and 
 virtue as mod of the age, if not as all 
 of 'hat church, in which he lived. A 
 few hours before this Archhlhop'i 
 death it p eafed God to take away the 
 great inftrument of mifchief Queen 
 Maty, and to raife up another Queen, 
 not only to revive religious liberty there 
 with great mfs and fpiendout, but to 
 guard and protect it in other countries. 
 H=i iofs was. lamented by none but her 
 popifh c : eigy; as her reign was in every 
 relpeti calamitous to t lie nation, in which 
 noihicg was attended to but cruelty and 
 fuperftition ; and, to ufe the words of 
 an hiflonan of that time, " ought to be 
 tranfmitted down to pofterity in cha. 
 raftets of blood." 
 
 MATTHEW PARKER, A. D. 1559. 
 
 Born at Norwich, and educated at 
 Bennet Coilesie, Cambridge; Chaplain 
 to Henry VIII and tutor to the Prin- 
 cefs (afterwards Queen) Elizabeth ; 
 Dean of Lincoln, and Prebendary of 
 Coldingham in the fame church. On 
 Queen Mary's rcceffion, he was de- 
 deprived of all his preferments, be- 
 caufc he had mirri«d ; and to efcape the 
 turbulence of thofe times, he lived in 
 privacy and retirement; but in the be- 
 ginning of the reign of Queen Eliza- 
 beth he was advanced to the archiepil"- 
 
 ' copal dignity, and was confecrated in 
 the chipel at Lambeth. He was a 
 
 -great benefactor to Bennet, Caius, and 
 Trii.ity Colleges, in Cambridge; and 
 founded 13 fcholarfliips in the former, 
 
 .and one in the latter ; and alfo repaired 
 the Regent Walk in that Univeriiry. He 
 founded aCrammar School atStokeClare 
 in Suffolk, and another at Rochdale in 
 Lancafhin-j and gave 10I. per annum 
 for preaching of fix fermons at five 
 churches in Norfolk, in Rogation week. 
 
 He repaired, pewed, a,nd beautified the 
 chancel 
 
( i° 9 ) 
 
 chancel of Beak/bourn church and aug- 
 mented the Vicar's income. He gavt- 
 iool. for fetting to work the poor of 
 the city of Canterbury, and 30I. to the 
 parifhes of Lambeth and Croydon. He 
 repaired and parti; rebult the archiepif 
 copal palace at Canterbury, which he 
 found in a moil ruinous conditi n. H 
 died on May 17, 1575, and was buried 
 }n the chapel at Lambeth. There is 
 no giving a general character of this 
 prelate, which will agree to the former 
 and latter part of his life; he was. fo 
 different a man in thofe two periods 
 There was fomething fo great in 1 is 
 refufal of the primacy, as was fcarcely 
 ever heard of 'out in ancient times ; 
 refilling for a great wh.le all intreaties j 
 from his fiknds, and even a threat of 
 imprifonment from the Q^een heifelt", 
 till his compliance was unavoidable. He 
 mufl certainly have had a very primi 
 live fenfe of the epifcopal office, and 
 had neither ava: ; ce, nor ambition. But 
 when he was inverted with the dignity 
 of primate, he loft all his former hum- 
 blenels of mind, and affumed high no- 
 tions of authority both in church and 
 ftate. He became as rough and un 
 courtly in his behaviour to all about 
 him, as be was flavifh in his obedience 
 to this prerogative, and fu>remacy. For 
 whilft he was la>ir.g out all his zeal, 
 and all his time and pain*, in fupp:ef- 
 fing puritanifm, he took no fort of care, 
 that we read of, to reform the lives and 
 manners of the eflablifhed clergy ; of 
 which many complaints were made in 
 parliament, as well as in pamphlets and 
 converfation. Indeed the great biemifn 
 in the character of this prelate, was his 
 preferring the laws of the Queen to the 
 laws of God ; being rigid to a degree or 
 cruelty in procuring an obedience to the 
 former, and negledting to promote the 
 latter with an amazing indifference and 
 difregard. He had (o little concern for 
 public virtue, and the real intereils of 
 
 religion, that his entertairtmente to the 
 nobility were generally given upon Sun- 
 day; nor are we told of his diligence in 
 preaching, at a time when preaching 
 was fo much wan ed, or of his pious 
 example in his devotion. His grace was 
 naturally of a warm temper; but till 
 his heaa was turned by his exaltation, 
 he gave no imlances of ha-jghtinefs or 
 ill nature. He continued to the lait to 
 be always affable and eafy of accefs; 
 and cid many kind and benevolent 
 things to private people, as well as for 
 public ufes. Tne reguation of his fa- 
 mily was extremely laudable; he af- 
 fined all his domeftics fome bufinefs 
 or other, and kept no idle people about 
 him. Thofe who were not employed 
 in learning, in the management of his 
 revenues, or the afhirs of his houf. 
 hold, employed their time Line ether 
 way. Thus feveral were entertained, 
 for binding, banks, engraving, painting, 
 transcribing manufcripts in fine hand- 
 writing, for drawing, an! illuminating. 
 He built the library of Bennet College, 
 Cambiidge. and befides a confiderable 
 value in printed books, he depofited 
 there all his manufcript papers relating 
 to the reformation, which have been 
 of great fervice to our hiftorians. Not- 
 withstanding his public benefactions, 
 the appearance of his family, and the 
 hofpirahty of his table, were always 
 fuitable to I is dignity j nor are we to 
 imagine from the confiderable fums 
 which were thus expended, that he left 
 no children. He had two fons mar- 
 ked ; but his dace's love to his chil- 
 dren was not exerred in hoarding up an 
 heap of wealth for them out of the re- 
 venues of the church, in order to raife 
 a name, and to give his family the rank 
 of quality. Befides the Book which he 
 printed in defence of the marriage of 
 the clergy, rid published an edition of 
 thehiftories of Mat. Paris, Mat. Weft. 
 minfler, W.ilfmgharn, and the four 
 gofpcis 
 
( no ) 
 
 pofpels in the Saxon languages. A little I 
 before his de;.th, he finifhed, the An- 
 .tiquitatcs Brirannicrr, containing the j 
 lives of ait th* Archbifhops of Canter- | 
 bury ; in which he was aflifted by 
 fofctlin, one of his Chaplains. Upon the 
 whole, it be may JiaiH of Anp. Parker, ■ 
 • that if he had never been promoted to , 
 ft . • *t a ftation, he had good quali- i 
 tit ' Bi ough to have made him a very 
 wmtl.y, ufeful ecclefiaftic, which he 
 
 would perhaps have perfevered in, »mi 
 defcended tr> his grave with a great cha- 
 racter: and even in that high ftation, 
 had he been placed under a Queen of 
 another ftftmp, he would in all proba- 
 bility, have looked more after the fer- 
 vice of God, than after the fervice of 
 his Pr nee ; and might lia^e taken fome- 
 thing from the Statcfman, to add to the 
 luftre of an Archbifhop. 
 
 EDMUND GRIN DAL, A.D. 1575. 
 
 E.i«n at Pees in Cumberland, and 
 educated at Magdalen College, Cam- 
 bria;:: ; whence he removed to thrift 
 College, and laftly to Pembroke Hall, 
 where he became Fellow, and after 
 wards Pre.fident. In 1549, he was Mar- 
 garet ProfefTr; in 1550, Chaplain to 
 Nicholas Ridley, B (hop of Rocheflcr, 
 Chaunter of St. Paul'?, London, and 
 Chaplain to the King; in 1552, Pre 
 btndary of WeQminfter ; in 1559, Bi 
 fliop of London;' in 1569, Archbifhop 
 of York, and thence tranflatt-d to Can- 
 terbury. He dudon July 6, 15S3, and 
 was buried in the chancel of Croydon 
 church. He built and endowed with 
 30I. per annum, a free fchool at Bees 
 in Cumberland ; ?nd gave 47I. per an- 
 num to the two Univerfities, belides all 
 
 his books, 127 ounces of plate, and for- 
 gave a debt of 40I. alfo 50I. to the pa- 
 ri/h of Croydon, to purchafe lands for 
 the ufe of the poor ; and icol. t 1 the 
 city of Canterbury, to be kept in ftock 
 for ever for the benefit of poor dealers 
 in wool in that city. Having given away 
 the greateft part of his fortune in his 
 life time, he had no great wealth to 
 leave behind him. The Ihort character 
 of .archbifhop Grindal i<, that he was 
 a good natuied, friendly, inoffenfive 
 man, a learned, ufeful prelate, and a 
 fincere, pious Chriftian. He made a fa. 
 crafice of his eyefn;ht, and his health, 
 to the ftudy of learning and reiigiom 
 and was an amiable example of all 
 chriftian virtue. 
 
 JOHN WHIT GIFT, A.D. 1583. 
 
 Born at Great Grimfby in Lincoln 
 fhiie, and received the firft rud'ments 
 of learning in St. Anthony's fchool in 
 London ; he afterwards went to Peter- 
 bcufe, in Cambridge, where he was fel- 
 low, and commenced D. D. thence was 
 chofen Matter of Pembroke Hall, Head 
 of Trinity College, Margaret and Re- 
 gius ProftfTor, and twice Vice Chan- 
 cellor of that Univerlity ; and was af- 
 terwards Chiphin to Dr. Cox, bifhop 
 of Ely, and Reflor of Taverfham near 
 
 Cambridge. His next promotion was 
 to the Deanry of Lincoln, and from 
 thence to the fee of Worcefter, where 
 he brought over man) Roman Catholics 
 to the church. After his tranflation to 
 the Primate's chair, he was introduced 
 to the council table, and offered thecuf- 
 todyofthe Great Seal, but re fu fed to 
 accept of it. He wa^ (truck with a dead 
 palfy, and died at Lambeth on Feb. 28, 
 1603, and was buried in the fouth ille 
 of Croydon church. He was a man of 
 quick 
 
( m ) 
 
 quick abilities, of great good nature, of 
 a peaceable temper, and a general fcholar ; 
 arid if he had not lived in thofe times 
 of contention about conformity, he 
 would fcarcely have had a (ingle objec- 
 tion ma.ie 10 his characler. But being: 
 pretei red to the primacy for his zeal :n 
 that conuoverfy, and being fupported 
 and encouraged in it by the queen, who 
 knew no other merit in a churchman than 
 obeying her orders, he regarded neither 
 the intreaties of the clergy, nor the in 
 terceifion of the courtiers ; but prefTed 
 conformity with great rigoi r, even fume- 
 times beyond all other law, but chat of 
 her Alajefty's pleafute. This was tlic 
 only biemilh cf his adminitfraii'm ; and 
 towards his latter end, he grew weary 
 of the peifeculions which the factious 
 attempts of :he Puritans had made ne- 
 cetTary in fome degree. His houle was 
 a fort of academy, w! ere young gei tie 
 men were inftructed in languages, ma- 
 thematics, and other rcfpectaole foences, 
 and befides she indigent fc'iulars which 
 he entertained in his family for this 
 purpole, he exhibited to feveral in the 
 univerfitie?, and encouraged them in 
 proportion to their merit and necefiities. 
 As he lived in a time of lome public 
 disturbance, when mvafions were o.ien 
 
 tSreafened, and infutreftiens- at home 
 attempted, his domeftics were trained 
 to military exercile, his palace was well 
 furniihed with arms, and he kept a 
 (table of managed horfes. He was very 
 confiderahle for his hofpitaliiy j in whichi 
 every thing fpoke the generofity, and 
 the laigenefs of his mind: and as he 
 was a great lover of pomp, beyond what 
 perhaps ihould have bounded the temper 
 of an ecclefiaftic, befides the conftant 
 figure in his family, which was princely, 
 he ufually travelled with a grand retinue. 
 He came once to Canterbury with a traia 
 ot 500 horfe, joo of which were his own 
 domeft cks. He lived in too much fplea- 
 doui, to be able to do much good in 
 works of charity, though thtfe were 
 not overlooked. Befides his ufual be- 
 nevolence to the poor at his houfe, he 
 founded an hofpital at Croydon, which 
 affords a fettled maintenance for aS' 
 brothers and fillers; and a free fchoo!, 
 endowed with lands of 20I. a year. In 
 fhort, Archbp. Whitgift had learning, 
 courage, and greatr.efs of mind, fuitable 
 enough to the high rank he held in the 
 church ; and if his predecelfor exceeded 
 h.m as a true chriiHan prelate, his fuc- 
 ceilbr was far behind him in every aima- 
 ble, arid every ufeful virtue. 
 
 RICHARD BANCROFT, A.D. 1604: 
 
 Born at Farnworth in Lancafhire, 
 and educated fifft in Chrift, and ifter- 
 Wa.ds inj-lus College,Cambndge, wheie 
 he commenced D. D. He was after- 
 wards Rector of Taverfharn, Preben- 
 dary of Durham and Weftminlter, Trea- 
 furer of St. Paul's and Canon of 
 Chrift Church, Canterbury. On May 
 8, 1 597, he was confederated bifhop of 
 London, thence trar.flated to the pri. 
 macy, and in 160S, conftituted Chan- 
 cellor of Oxford. He died Nov. z, 1610. 
 He was naturally of a rough uncourtly 
 
 temper, which was heightened by hh 
 great authority in the high commirlion. 
 He had extreme high notions of go- 
 vernment in church and liate j and was 
 ftrongJy fnfpecltd of having cherifhed, 
 the King's difpbfi lion, to afiume a pow- 
 er above the laws and constitution of 
 his country. Ke was itioft certainly a 
 greater friend to the prerogative than to 
 liberty s and what with the want of ar» 
 hofpitaiity that becomes a bifliop, what 
 with the roughnefs of his temper, and 
 h : R high and ai binary notions, he was 
 
 ■ 
 
( "2 ) 
 
 but little regarded in his fhtion as head 
 of the church. He perfuaded the Kine 
 to found a cohege at Chelfea, for acer 
 tain number of learned divines, unrer 
 the name of the provoft and fellows of 
 the College of King James at Chelfea, 
 with an ample allowance of lands and 
 privileges. But this foundation, though 
 ftrongly coun'enanced at fi-ft, mifcir 
 ried afterward-, and came to nothing. 
 But if we read of no extraordinary vir 
 tues in this prelate, it is certain there 
 
 are no vices laid to his charge, by thofe 
 who did not efteem him, but cruelty 
 and covetoufnefs; which, when they 
 are nanowly looked into, appear not to 
 def-.rve thofe opprobious names in the 
 rtricleft acceptation. Jn ihoit, there have 
 been Archhifhops much wode than Ban- 
 croft, who by their good humour and 
 generofity, have been more eftcemed, 
 when living, and more lamented at their 
 death. 
 
 GEORGE ABBOT, A. D. 1610. 
 
 Born at Guildford, in Surry, where 
 he had the firft rudiments of his educa- 
 tion ; but afterwards going to Oxford, 
 he became Fellow of Baliol, and then 
 Mafter of Univerlity C >llege, and D D. 
 In 1599 he was prenvted to the Dean- 
 ry of Winchefier, and t. en to that of 
 Gloucefter ; in 1609 cot, fec^ated Bifhop 
 of Litchfield and Coventry: foon after 
 tranflated to London, and from thence 
 to Canteibury. He died at Croydon 
 Aug. 4, 1633, and was buried at Guild- 
 ford. Hiftorians ''n general, par.icu 
 larly Bifhop G dwin, A. Wood, Mr. 
 Coke, and Dr. Wellwoori, fpeak of this 
 prelate in very honourable term; ; but 
 Lord Clarendon fays, " hi manners 
 were morofe, his afpett four, his ignot- 
 ance of the confiitution of the church 
 and ftate, and imercft of the clergy very 
 great all through his life : he confidertd 
 the chriftian religion no otherwife than 
 as it «bhr>rred ind reviled popery, and 
 took no care of the obl'ervation of the 
 difcil line, or of a conformity to the ar- 
 ticles and canons efts') lifhed." Dr. War- 
 ner, who hjs akf-n tome pains to i'i- 
 veflig.'.e the character of Abp. Abbot, 
 concludes his account of him in the fol- 
 lowing terms: " It i-. not to be won- 
 dered at, th?t a prelate of Abbot's prin- 
 ciple, fhould have little credit in the 
 
 court of two fuch Kings, who were 
 carrying the prerogative above the law, 
 tJ the deflruction of civil and religious 
 liberty 1 neither will that rtain upon hit 
 memory remain in the leail to his dis- 
 credit, with thofe who are lovers of 
 their country, and our prefent happy 
 eAablifhment of church and ftate. The 
 good Archbifhop had a worfe misfortune 
 than that of dif;bliging the Princes he 
 lived unrier, by a firm adherence to the 
 laws and liberties of the kingdom ; 
 which was that of killing a park-keeper 
 accidentally in fhooting a", a deer. This 
 misfortune gave him a real and very 
 lenfiblc unealinefs, all his life after: 
 he kept the annivtifary of it with the 
 ftricleft fafting and humility, and fet- 
 tled a decent annuity on the man's wi- 
 dow. His Grace alfo founded an hof- 
 pital for men and women, with a plen- 
 tiful endowment, at Guildford, where 
 he was born. We may, in my opinion, 
 conclude the character of Abp. Abbot, 
 by faying, that he was a man of good 
 parts and learning, as a divine, that he 
 was a prelate of a very pious exemplary 
 converfation, and an Archbifhop who 
 undcrftood the conftituiion of his coun- 
 try in church and ftate, to which he 
 ftedfaftly adhered, without any regard 
 to the favour, or the frowns of princes." 
 
 WIL- 
 
( 113 ) 
 
 WILLIAM LAUD, A.D. 1633, 
 
 Son of a clothier at Reading in Berk- J 
 fliire, where he was born, and firft edu 
 cated at a fchool in that town; thence 
 he was fent to St. John's College.Oxfoid, 
 where he fucceflively became Fellow, 
 Divinity R.eader, and Prcfident. Ha was 
 firft Vicar of Stamford in Northamp- 
 tonfhire, and had theAdvowfon of North 
 Kilworth in Leicefteiihire, which he 
 exchanged for Weft Tilbury in Effsx 
 In 1608 he was chapl in to Dr. N.al, 
 Bifhop of Rocheficr; who gave him the 
 rectory of Cookftone in Kent; which 
 he exchanged for Norton near Sitting- 
 bourn; the Bifhop alio made him Pre- 
 bendaiy of Lincoln, and Archdeacon of 
 Huntingdon ; in 1609 he was Chap- 
 lain to King James; 1615 made. Dean 
 of Gloucefter; and about two years af- 
 ter exchanged his livings in Kent and 
 Ellex, ior the reftory of lbftook in Lei- 
 cefterihire; 1620 was inftalled Canon 
 of Weftminfter ; in 1621, made Bi- 
 fhop of St. David's, with leave to hold 
 the prefidentfhip of Sr. John's College 
 in commendam ; alfo Dean of the 
 King's Chapel and a Privy Counfellor; 
 in 1626 he was tranfhted to Bath and 
 Weils, and from thence, in j6zS, to 
 the bifhoprick of London ; fcur years af- 
 ter was chofen Chancellor of the Univer- 
 fuy of Oxford, and in 1633 fvvornChan- 
 cellor of Scotland, and of the city of 
 Dublin; in which year he became Pri 
 mate. In the beginning of the grand 
 rebellion he fell under the rage of the 
 factious commons, and was imprisoned 
 in iheTower almoft four years on an im- 
 pea.hment of high trealbn. His trial 
 was five months depending upon this ge- 
 neral charge, «« that he had endeavoured 
 to fubvert the laws, the proteflant reli- 
 gion, and the rights of Parliament.'' 
 The Archbifhop made a full and un- 
 daunted defence of himfelf for above 20 
 ddys, with great art, vivacity, oratory, 
 a«d firmed": ; and, confiderin* the ma- 
 
 lice and animofity of the managers for 
 
 the commons againil him, with more 
 patience and difcrction, than cculd be 
 expected fiom a man of his warm and 
 imperious temper. It was not without 
 difficulty that the commons could be 
 prevailed with, that the fentence of 
 hanging mould be changed into behead- 
 ing; which, as the prifoner was a Bi- 
 fftop, a Privy Counfellor, and the firft 
 peer of the realm, fhews the rancour 
 and inveteracy with which they perfe- 
 cted him to death. His Grace's beha- 
 viour on the fcaffold was truely great 
 and magnanimous ; and did him more 
 honour than all the circumilances of 
 his life. He was beheaded on Tower- 
 hill, Jan. 10, 1645, at the age of 71, 
 His body was buried in the church of 
 All-hallows, Barking; but in 1663, was 
 removed to Oxford, and reinterred in 
 St. John's College chapel. This was the 
 end of the famous Abp. Laud ; of whom 
 our hiflorians fpeak with abominable 
 partiality, either in his favour or dif- 
 praife. He was neither theSaint which 
 fome have represented him, nor the de- 
 vil which others painted him. As to 
 his temper, it muft be allowed, that with 
 great opennefs and fincerity, there v/aa 
 joined an ungovernable heat and irnpe* 
 tuofity, which put him off his guard 
 and betrayed him into indifcretions 
 which gave a handle agranft him. Kis 
 fpirit being active and uncontr 
 it was a misfortue to him to be placed in 
 the high rank of metropolitan, and 
 pr^me minifier, in which he had fo ma- 
 ny opportunities to exert it; becaufe, 
 with his high principles in chuich and 
 ftate, it made his grace no friend to the 
 laws and the confiitution of his coun- 
 try, and it railed many enemies againlt 
 him who were implacable. He was a 
 man of good parts, which had been im- 
 proved by learning, but he was more a 
 I man of bufioefs ihan of letters. Lord 
 Clarcndoi 
 
( iH ) 
 
 Ion has confelTeJ, that he re- 
 tained too keen a m:mory of thole 
 who had ufed him ill J and there was 
 fomething very beillcrous andtuibulent 
 in his dif^ulition. There is no fort or 
 doubt, let his enemies lay what they 
 will, that he was a rum and thorough 
 proteftant, without any inclination to 
 become a papilt. But as his zeal for 
 the church of England made him a mor- 
 tal enemy to all the feftaiies which di- 
 vided from it, fo, to remove himfelf as 
 far as he could from thefe, he counte- 
 nanced, and introduced ceremonies into 
 the fervice, which refemblcd ihofe in 
 the church of Rome; and which he 
 prell'ed with as much vigour as though 
 they had been the elTentials of reli- 
 gion. This was the great fo.ble of Abp 
 Laud. It muft be owned too, that he 
 had a great deal of fuperflition in his 
 compofnion, which appears in many in- 
 ftances of his diary. His virtue con- 
 fided more perhaps in the feverity of 
 his manners, and an abftinenco from 
 pleafure, than in any real affections of 
 benevolence, or a true goodnefs of heart. 
 Nothing equalled his refolution, but 
 his teal for the king and the hierarchy ; 
 and in obeying theimjmlfe of that zeal, 
 he trufted entirely to his good inten- 
 tions, without any regard to prudence 
 or polittnefs; that is, he took no care 
 to make thefe intentions appear in their 
 
 bed colours, nor paid any reference to 
 other people about them, but relied fa- 
 tisfied in his own incgrity. He was to 
 the lad degree impatient of contradic- 
 tion, even in the council; nor could 
 he debate any arguments, which wat 
 not of moncnt, with the patience and 
 temper which became his character. 
 He was a great benefactor to the col- 
 lege where he was educated, enrichirg 
 it with a variety of valuable manu- 
 fcripts, befides 500I. in money. He fet- 
 tled the impropriation of Caddefden on 
 the fee of Oxford, and annexed com- 
 mendams on feveral other bifhoprics. He 
 expended large fums in the repairs, and 
 rebuilding of the cathedral of St. Haul; 
 fettled 200). a year on an hofuinl at 
 Reading, where he was born; and left 
 feveral legacies of the like nature. But 
 with ali the virtues and accomplifh- 
 ments which his mod partial friends 
 have attributed to him, it muft be own- 
 ed he was very unfit for either of the 
 ftations which he filled in church and 
 (late; etpec ially in fuch times, and 
 under fuch a monarch as Charles I. 
 Upon the whole, we may fay of Abp, 
 Luud, that he had virtues and quali- 
 fications great enough to have made 
 him as rruch beloved and refpe&ed, in 
 private lite, and in quiet times, as he 
 was now didiked and difregarded. 
 
 WILLIAM JUXON, A.D. 1660. 
 
 Bosn at Chichefter in SufTex, and 
 educated at Merchant Taylor's fchool 
 in London; thence removed to Oxford, 
 became Fellow, and afterwards Prefi- 
 dent of St. John's College, and in 1626 
 Vice Chancellor of that Univerfity. In 
 5.609 he was Vicar of St. Gile-.'s near 
 Oxford ; afterwards clerk of the Clo 
 fct, one of the King's Chaplains, and 
 Dean of Worcefter ; in 1632 he was 
 made dean of the Chapel Royal, and 
 the year following bifhop of Hereford* 
 
 but tranflated to London before con- 
 fecration, called to the council Board, 
 and appointed Lord High Treafurer in 
 1635 ; which office he filled with pro- 
 bity and approbation, though not with- 
 out a great deal of envy en account of 
 his being a churchman very little 
 known, and that rod being the mod 
 beneficial, next the great fcal, of any 
 in the kingdom. He refigned it a lit- 
 tle before King Charles's breach with 
 the parliament, and attended quietly to 
 
 th* 
 
( H5 ) 
 
 the duties of his rtation during the war. 
 Afttr he waited on his Majefty on the 
 fcaffold at his execution, we hear no 
 moie of him till the reftoration ; and 
 he was then (o infirm and aged, that he 
 could not acquit himfelf of the duties 
 of his high Itation, to which he was 
 then advanced. He wsi a man of great 
 moderation in his temper, much be- 
 loved, and of a character unexception- 
 able. But if his abilities and learning 
 
 ing were confiderable, we have no re- 
 mains of them; and he may be faid to 
 hive been rather of the numb-.r of the 
 good, than of the great Archbifhops. 
 Before his death, he augmented the liv- 
 ings of 14 parirtics in this diocefe. He 
 died in his palace at Lambeth, at the 
 aee of 81, on June ao, 1663, and was 
 buried in the chapel of St. John'a Col- 
 lege, Oxford. 
 
 GILBERT SHELDON, A. D. 1665, 
 
 Born at Stanton in Stafford/hire ; 
 but going to Oxford, he became a Com- 
 moner in Trinity, and Fellow and War- 
 den of All Souls Col:eg€s, in that Uni- 
 verfity. He was alfo Canon of Worcef- 
 ter, Mafter of the Javoy, Dean ofVV'eft- 
 minrter, and Clerk of the Clofet to the 
 King, and duiing the urfurpation of 
 Cromwell went through many difficul- 
 ties. At the reftoration he was made 
 Biftiop of London ; and in conjunction 
 with the Earl of Clarendon, was the 
 chief promoter of all the feverities a- 
 gainft the nonconformists. He was a 
 man of very high principles in church 
 and ftate ; which his ufage in the civil 
 wars and under the commonwealth did 
 not at all abate. He was of a bufy, reftlefo 
 fpirit, and more of a ftatefman than a 
 prelate, and had little other regard to 
 religion than as it was an engir.e of the 
 fbte. We hear of nothing but his op- 
 pofing ad the meafures propofed for a 
 comprehenfion, and of his writing cir- 
 cular letter after letter to the Biftinps of 
 his province to put the laws in execu- 
 tion againft the nonconformifts. When 
 the parliament and people grew weary 
 of thefe feverities, and began to fee the 
 ill policy of thus perfecting their pro- 
 teftant brethren when popery was at the 
 door, the Archbilhop retired from all 
 
 public affairs. We do not mean by this 
 to infinuate that he favoured popery, or 
 that he was noc a thorough proteflant i 
 but his grace had certainly more ani- 
 mofity againft nonconformiffs than a- 
 gainft the papifts ; and it is probable 
 that he was not wholly without re- 
 venge againft the former, for the de- 
 ftruction they had brought upon the 
 epifcopal church. The defire of pre- 
 fervat on however might havelbme ftiare 
 in the feverities which he rained down 
 upon them ; that they might never have 
 fach another opportunity to overthrow 
 ihe church of England. What ever 
 were his motives, it muft be allowed 
 that he carried his perfecution of the 
 nonconformft beyond the bounds of 
 policy and religion. In all other re- 
 fpefts he was unblemiihed, and for his 
 public benefactions for the encourage- 
 ment of learning, and for charitable 
 ules, he was a great example. There 
 have been many much better Archbi- 
 fhops than Sheldon, it mud be granted, 
 and there have been many alfo worfe. 
 In the fpace of 17 years before his 
 death, he expended in charitable and 
 pious ufes the fum of 66,oool He died 
 on Auguft 9, 1677, and was buried ij| 
 the church at Croydpn, 
 
 Q.2 
 
 Wil- 
 
( n6 ) 
 
 WILLIAM SAN CROFT, A. D. 1677, 
 
 Bo in at Frefingfield in Suffolk, and 
 educated at Eaoanuel College, Cam- 
 bridge, wl e:e he btcame Fellow and af- 
 terwards D. D. and Dean of St. Paul's, 
 
 and fiom thence tianflated to the archic- 
 . throne. He augmented the in- 
 comes of fevcral fmall vicarages in the 
 diocefe of Canterbury, diftharged a 
 deb: of 67I cje by the hofpital of St. 
 .. n, and gave in his 
 life lime abcut jS.ocol. in charitable 
 ufcj, Whiii: he was primate the revo- 
 lution happened ; and not taking the 
 oath of allegiance he was obliged to re- 
 f-gn his dignity j up"n which he re- 
 tired to Fiefingfield, where he died on 
 
 November 24, 1693, and was buried in 
 the church yard at ih.it place, He be- 
 haved v. i • 1 lingular pi udence and inte- 
 grity in the difficult and critical times 
 in which he lived ; and it was reckoned 
 M the church of England, 
 in the furiou? attacks made upon it in 
 - years of King Charles, and 
 the whole reign cf Ki.-.g James II. that 
 fo /ready a pilot was at the heim. Hit 
 large revenues he did not profufely wafte 
 in luxury and extravagance, but decent- 
 ly bellowed them in hofpitality and cha- 
 rity : and alfo difpofed of his prefer- 
 ments with great difcretion. 
 
 JOHN TILLOTSON, A. D. 1691, 
 
 The eldift fon of Robert Tillotfon, 
 a clothier at Sawerby, in the pariih of 
 Hallifax in Yorklhire, and till he went 
 to the Un.verfity, was educated under 
 the immediate care of his father, who 
 was a very rigid Puritan and CaUi- 
 nift. In the year 1647 he went to 
 Cambridge, and was admitted Penfioner 
 of Clare Hall, where he became A. B. 
 Fellow, and A. M. in 1663 he was 
 rn'.de Rector of Ketton, or Kedington 
 in Suffolk, and Preacher to the Society 
 of Lincoln's Inn; in 1665 Lecturer of 
 St. Laurence Jewry, London; in 1666 
 commenced D. D. in 1668 Chaplain to 
 his lvlajefty, and the year following 
 Prebendary of Canterbury, but quitting 
 the lat'er in 1672 was advanced to the 
 Deanry in this cathedral ; in 1675 Pre- 
 bendary, and in 1676 Refidentiaryof St. 
 Paul's; 16S9 Citric of the Kind's. Clo- 
 fet, and Dean of St. Paul's; in 1691 
 he was advanced to the fee of Canter- 
 bur), and fooa afterwards fworn of his 
 Majefty's Privy Council. This primate, 
 after filling the chair two years, died, 
 liniverftjlj lamented, on Nov. 22, 1634, 
 
 and was buried in the church of Saint 
 Laurence Jewry. In reality Archbi- 
 fh< pTi.lotfon's character m y be trulled 
 to poflerity upon the farts related of 
 h.m, and the teftimony of his own wri- 
 tings, both private and public. Hi« 
 chariy and generality, with the ex- 
 pence of coming into the fee, and the 
 repairs and improvements of his pa- 
 lace had fo exhaufled his fortune, that 
 if his firlt fruits had not been forgiven, 
 his de'ts could hot have been paid, lie 
 left nothing to his family but the copy 
 of his pofthumoLS fermons which was 
 afterward* fold for 2500 guineas. King 
 William therefore, according to his pro. 
 mife, granted to his widow an annuity of 
 400I. for her life, which, upon fome un. 
 foref-en loflls foAaJned by her, he after- 
 wards augmen'ed with 200I. more. 
 Both which were continued till her 
 death in 1702; and his Mjjefty was fo 
 follicitom for the regular payment of 
 her penlion, without any deduction, 
 that he alwa;. s called for the money 
 quarterly, and feat it to fcerhimfclf. 
 
 THO- 
 
( H7 ) 
 
 THOMAS T E N I S O N, A. D. 1694, 
 
 Son of the Rev. Mr. John Tenifon, 
 B. D. and Re£Vor of Mnndefly in Nor- 1 
 vvich. He was fent at a proper age to the 
 free fchool in that city, thence to 
 Cambridge, and admitted a fcholar at 
 Corpus Chrifti, or Bennet College. In 
 1657 he took the degree of A B. in 
 1 66 1 A. M. and the next year was ad- 
 mired Fellow; in 1665 he was one cf 
 the Univerfity Preachers, and Curate of 
 St. Andrew the Great in Cambridge ; in 
 1667 B. D. Rector of Holywell and 
 Nerfingworth in Huntingdonlhire, and 
 Chaplain to ths Esrl of Manchefter; 
 in 1674 Upper Minifter of St. Peter's 
 of Mancroft in Norwich; in 1680 he 
 took his degree of D. D. and was pre- 
 femed to the vicarage of St. Martin in 
 the Fields by King Charles II, being 
 then one of his Majcftv's Chaplains; 
 foon after the revolution he was made 
 Archdeacon of London, and in 1692 
 confecrated Eilhop of Lincoln, ard two 
 years after promoted to the Primacy of 
 England. He died at Lambeth Palace on 
 Dec. 14, 1715, and was buried in the 
 clnncel of Lambeth church. This pre- 
 late may juftly befaid to have rivalled the 
 beft cifpofed zealots in the Roman 
 church in their much boafied grace of 
 charity; for befides his public founda- 
 tions, and the uncommon number of 
 legacies and benefactions at his death, 
 he y arly difburfed large fums in alms 
 for the relief of the poor. He founded 
 a charity fchool for 12 poor girls at 
 Lambeth, and another at Croydon; 
 built the epifcopal throne in the cathe- 
 dral, at the expence of 244I. 8s. 2d. 
 gave 256I. 17s. in books to the library 
 of St. Paul's cathedral; 70 guineas to 
 the poor Palantines in 1709; 3d. to- 
 wards beautifying the church of Cran- 
 brook; 46I. to Lambeth church for a 
 velvet paJl ; 3C00I. to Be met college, 
 
 Cambridge; col. to advance printing in 
 that univerfity; iocoI. toihefociety for 
 propagation of the gofpel ; rocol. to 
 the governors of Queen Ann's bounty, 
 for augmenting fmall livings in Kent; 
 50M. for the relief of clergymen's wi- 
 dows and children ; 5c guineas for the 
 repairs of Bromley college, and the like 
 fum to the widow? thereof; iocl. to 
 the French Proteftant refugees ; a piece 
 of ground for a burying place to the pa- 
 rim of Lambeth; iool.to Abp. Whit- 
 gift's hofpital at Croydon, with 400I. to 
 the fchool founded there in his life- 
 time; 10I. each to ten poor Rectors or 
 Vicars in the diocefe of Canterbury; 
 40I. each to the poor of Canterbury, 
 Lambeth, and Croydon; 30I. each to 
 the parifhes of St. Martin's in the Fields 
 and St. James's, Weftminfter ; 10!. each 
 to five parifhes In Norfolk, Cambridge- 
 mire, and Huntingdonlhire, and 50I. 
 to Dr. Lilly Butler, Minifter of Alder- 
 manbury, who had many children. As 
 this Archbifhop lived in times of the 
 fevereft trial, fo his character has been 
 varioufly reprefented. He was a prelate 
 who ordinarily, through the whole 
 courfeof his life, pradifed that integri- 
 ty and refolution he at firft fet out with ; 
 nor was he influerxed by the changes 
 of the age he lived in, to act contrary 
 to the pure and peaceable fpirit of the 
 gofpel. He adorned his high ftation with 
 an exemplary piety, and a munificent 
 charity, and was happily endued with 
 fuch a happinefs of temper, as enabled 
 him to fleer the church with fleadinefs 
 through thofe violent ftorms of party* 
 the rage of which ton much affected the 
 too tender fpirit of his predecefTor. His 
 character as a writer, is feen in his per- 
 formances of that kind ; which fet his 
 abilities far enough above contempt; yet 
 his ftyle is rather heavy and inelegant. 
 
 WIL- 
 
( ii8 ) 
 
 WILLIAM WAKE, A.D. 1715, 
 
 Son of Mr. William Wake, a gen 
 tlerrun of a conficierable fortune at 
 Blaudfuid in L'orfetfhire, wheie the 
 Archb'ftiop was bom in the year 1657 
 At the age of 15 he was admitted a 
 rtiH at of Chrift Cburch, Oxford; in 
 it.-!; went chaplain to the Lord V.l 
 count Pie'^on to the court of Frarce» 
 arjd ater h;s leturn home was chofen 
 preache- to the ocicty of Gray's Inn ;af 
 ter the revolution he was appointed De- 
 )iut> Clerk of the Clofct, created D D. 
 made C non, and afterwards Dean of 
 Chrift Church, Oxford; in 1693 Rector 
 of St. J.m.i'', WcftminAer ; in 1701 
 Dean of Exeter ; in 1705 Bifttop of 
 Lincoln, fiom whence upon the demife 
 cf Abp. fenifon, he was tranflated, by 
 that prelate's recommendation, to the 
 Arc 1 bilhopric of Canterbury. His grace 
 died at his palacs of Lambeth, Jin. 24, 
 1737, and was interred in a private 
 manner at Croj dan. As a writer, Abp. 
 Wake's publications beft f^eak to bit 
 charac.er: the letters written r-y him 
 
 to feveral divines of the Sorbonne, on 
 an union between the two churches of 
 England and France were fo full of 
 energy and argument as to excite the ad- 
 miration even of Pope Clement XI. 
 who declared it was |-ity the luthoi of 
 fuch profound letters was not a member 
 ot their church. As a man he was of 
 extenhve liberality and cnaiity ; which 
 were reached out to the unfortuna e and 
 diftrelTed object as well as thi induf- 
 trious and ncceflitous poor. He ex- 
 pended about IIjOOol. id repairing the 
 two palaces of Lambeth and Cro>don, 
 and about 700I. in rebuilding the vicar- 
 age houfe of the latter. By his lair will 
 he bequeathed his library of printed 
 books ani manulcripts, together with a 
 curious loiiedlion ' f coins, the whole 
 valued at ic,cool. to Chrift Church 
 College, Oxford. His grace left behind 
 him fix daughters, the youngeft. of 
 whom married Dr. John Lynch, D. D- 
 Dean cf Canterbury. 
 
 JOHN POTTER, AD. 1737, 
 
 S s of Mr.Thoma* Potrer, a linen- 
 era. :r at Wakefield in Ycrkfhire, where 
 J.e was born about the year 1674 ; and 
 being put t fchool at the fa re place, he 
 made an ui. common progreJ in a fhort 
 time, efpeciaily in the Creek Lan 
 gAj^e. At the age of 14 he was fent 
 to C'niverfity Colleg , Oxiord, where he 
 took the degree of E. A. in 1694 wa- 
 chofen Fellow of Lincoln College, and 
 A. M. in 1704 he commenced B. D. 
 and was appointed Chaplain to Abp. 
 Teniton; in J706 h^ proceeded D. D. 
 and foon after became Chaplain in or- 
 dinary to her Majefty Queen Anne ; the 
 next year Regius Protefior of Divi- 
 nity, and Canon of Chrift Church in 
 Oxford i in j 7 1 5 Bifhop of Oxford", and 
 
 on the death of Abp. Wake was tranf- 
 lated to the primacy. This arduous and 
 important poit he filled during the fpace 
 of ten years with great reputation, 
 wholly attentive to the devoirs of his 
 eccleftsftical function, without engag- 
 ing too b ili'.y in the fecular affairs inci- 
 dent to that higT office. Thus em- 
 ployed, he fell into a lingering difurder 
 which put a period to h s life in the 
 year 1747. H- left behind him the 
 character of a prelate of diilmguifhed 
 piety and learning, ftriftly orthodox in 
 refpe.it to the eftablifhed doclrines of the 
 church of Enj'and, and a zealous and 
 vigilant guard an thereof, againft ail the 
 attempts tnat were made to fubvert and 
 undermi.ie it duting hit prefiden.-y He 
 
 W3> 
 
( H9 ) 
 
 Y/as remarkably ltudious of regularity, 
 order and economy, and, in that fpiiit, 
 not unmindful to fupport the metro- 
 political dignity by a fuitable carriage 
 which was fometimes cenfured, though 
 without any good reafon, as proceeding 
 from a fpirit of pride and haughtinefs. 
 His grace left three daughters and two 
 fons ; of whom John the eldeft, taking 
 •rders, was prefented to the rettory ot 
 
 vVrotham, and the vicarage of Lydd, 
 both in Kent, by his father, who like- 
 wife gave him a handforne portion} 
 but being offended with his conduct in 
 marrying indifcretely, he conferred the 
 bulk of his fortune on his you.ger foil 
 Thomas. The Rev. John Potter wa g 
 alfo many years Prebendary and after- 
 wards Dean of Canterbury. He died 
 in 1770. 
 
 THOMAS HERRING, A. D. 1747. 
 
 Son of the Rev. Mr. John Herring, 
 Rector of Walfoken in Norfolk, where 
 he was born, in 1693. He wasfirft edu 
 cated at the fchool at Wiftech in the 
 Ifle of Ely, in 1710 admitted into Jefus 
 College, Cambridge, whete he took the 
 degree of A. B. in 1716 chofen Fellow 
 Of Bennet College, next jear cm 
 menced A M. and was fuccefiively 
 Minifter of Great Shelford, Stow cum 
 Qui, and Trinity, in Cambridge; 1722 
 Chaplain to Dr. Fleetwood, Bifhop of 
 Ely, Rector of Rettington in Effex, and 
 of Barley in Hertford/hue ; in 1724 
 took the degree of B. D. in 1726 was 
 made Preacher to the Society of Lin- 
 coln's Inn, and one of his Majefty's 
 Chaplains in Ordinary; 1728 com 
 menced D D. at Cambridge; in 1731 
 Rector of Blechingly in Surry, and 
 Dean of Rachefter ; in 1737 Biihop of 
 Bangor; in 1743 Archbifhopof York, 
 and in 1747 trandated to the See of 
 Canterbury. In this high ilation he 
 treated his friends with the fame eafe 
 and courtefy as before : he knew how 
 to condefcend, without detracting from 
 the reverence due to his character. His 
 grace died at Croydon, March 1 ■;, 1757, 
 and was buried in the vault of Croydon 
 church. He abfo.utely forbid any mo- 
 nument; however he left one of his 
 own r.iifing in his fermons, where he 
 fpeaks of true religion from what he 
 felt and praftifsd himfelf ; and another 
 
 was foon after raifed to his memory by 
 Dr. Jortio, who, in his life of Eraf- 
 mus, having quoted the excellent cha- 
 ncier which that author drew of Abp. 
 Warham, after his deceafe, takes occa- 
 lion from thence to fketch the follow- 
 ing juft piflure of his great friend and 
 patronAbp. Herring: " It is with a me- 
 lancholy kind of pleafure, (fays he) 
 that I tranferibe thefe paiTjges, and 
 /hall, in other parts of this work, infert 
 other teftimonies to the honour of the 
 Aichbifhop." « Whilit in the cha- 
 ncer of this amiable prelate, drawn by 
 fo mafierly a hand, I comtemplate that 
 of my late patron Thomas H;ning, 
 Abp of Canterbury, who, befid.s the 
 good qualities in which he refembled 
 Warham, had piety without fuperftition, 
 and moderation without meannefs; an 
 open and liberal way of thinking, and 
 a conftant attachment to the caufe of 
 fober and rational liberty, both civil 
 and religious. Thus he lived and died, 
 and few great men paffed through this 
 malevolent world better beloved and lefs 
 cenfured than he." The Archbiihoa 
 lef; another monument of his own raif- 
 ing, by two charitable and munificient 
 donations: he gave ioool. to the f - 
 cietv for the relief of widows and fons 
 of poor clergymen, and iocoI. to the 
 Mailer and Fellows for rebuilding Cor- 
 pus Chrifti CQllege.Cambridge. He im. 
 proved the gardens at Bi&op sthorp and 
 
 gave 
 
( 120 ) 
 
 gave a new clock for tlie turret; he 
 rtftored the houfe at Croydon in a nun- 
 ncr from ruins, and railed and beautified 
 
 tlie gardens, expending about 6000I. in 
 repairing ar.cl adorning it, and the 
 houfe and gardens at Lambeth. 
 
 MATTHEW HUTTON, A. D. 1 757. 
 
 D:ctor Maithew Hutton, Archbi- 
 fliop of Canterbury, was lineally dc- 
 feended from Doclor Matthew Hut:on 
 Arehbifhop of York, in the reign of 
 Queen Klizabeth, on this wife, viz. Dr. 
 Matthew Hutton, Arehbifhop of Yoik, 
 in the year i 594 ; hi* eldeft fon was Sir 
 Timothy Hutton, Knight, ofMarfkein 
 the county of York. Matthew Hut- 
 ton, Lfq. fon of Sir Timothy, John 
 Hutton, fon of Matihew; which John 
 Hutton married Dorothy, a daughter 
 of William Dyke, Efq. of Frant, in 
 SufVex, b* whom he had two fons, \iz. 
 John, and Matthew, late Arehbifhop of 
 Canterbury. Dr. Matthew Hutton, late 
 Aichbifhop of Canterbury, was bor/) 
 at Marfke in the county of York, Janu- 
 ary the 5th, in the year 1692-3. In the 
 year 1701 he was fent to fchool at Kir- 
 by-hill, near Richmond, under the care 
 of the Rev. Mr. Lloyd, who had been 
 educated at Jefus College in Cambridge. 
 At Whitfun'.ide, 1709, he removed to 
 Rjppon with Mr. Lloyd, newly elecled 
 Maflcr of the Free School in that town, 
 and continued there till Whitfuntide, 
 1710. On the 22d of June, i7io,was 
 admitted of (efus College, Cambridge, 
 took his bachelor of Arts Degree Jan. 
 J713; alfo Mafter of Arts Degree in 
 1716, and was elecled Fellow oi Chriit 
 College Cambtidge July the Sch, 1717. 
 In what year he was appointed Dorr.cf 
 tic Chaplain to his Grace Charles Duke 
 of Somerfct does not appear ; but it 
 was in the ro m of Dr. Grig*', when 
 he was maje Matter of Clare-hall, 
 Cambiid^c, U] on the death of Defter 
 
 Grigs, in the year 1726, he was pre- 
 fented by the Duke of Somerfct, to the 
 reclory of Trowbridge, in W.ltfhire ; 
 which vacated his Fellowfhip. In 1-2S 
 he was created Doctor in Divinity, at 
 the Royal Commencement, and upon 
 thedeath of Doctor Denny, in the >ear 
 1729, was prefented by the Duke of 
 Somerfet, to the valuable rectory of 
 Spofforth in Yorkfhire ; was appointed 
 Chaplain to King George the JId. in 
 the year 1730, Prebend of Langtoft in 
 the Cathedral of York in the year 1735. 
 He attended King George the lid. to 
 Hanover in the year 1736, was ap- 
 pointed Canon of Windl'or in 1737, 
 which he refigned May the 18th, 1739, 
 for a Prebend in Weftminfler. On the 
 promotion of Bifhop Herring to th« 
 Archbifhoprick of York was nomi- 
 nated to the Bifhopric of Bangor, and 
 confecrated November 13, 1743. Ad 
 upon the promotion of Abp. Herring, 
 to the See of Canterbury, fucceeded 
 him in the Archbifhopric of York, 
 was confirmed Abp. of York, the 10th 
 of December, 1747. Upon the tranf- 
 lation of Bifhop Sherlock from S.ilifbury 
 to the Bifhopric of London, in the year 
 174S, was appointed Lord High Al- 
 moner to his Majefly ; and upon the 
 death of Abpi Herring, fucceeded him, 
 and \v«s conntmed Arehbifhop of Can- 
 terbury the 29th of Ap-il, 1757. He 
 died at his houfe in Duke-flreet, Weft- 
 minfter, March 19:11, 1758, aged 65, 
 and was buried in a vault in the chan- 
 cel of Lambeth church the 27th of 
 Match, 
 
 T H O- 
 
( 121 ) 
 
 THOMAS SECKER, A. D. 1758. 
 
 This prelate was born in the yeav 
 1693, at the fmall village of Sibthorp, 
 in the county of Nottingham. His fa- 
 ther was a Proteflant Dilfenter, apiour, 
 virtuous, fenfible man, who, having a 
 fmall paternal fortune, followed no pro- 
 feflion : his mother was the daughter of 
 a fubitantial gentleman-farmer, in the 
 fame county. 
 
 He received his educaiion at feveral 
 private fchools and academies in the 
 country, being obliged by vaiious acci- 
 dents to change his imfiers frequently j 
 notwithstanding which evident difad- 
 Tantage, he had, at the age of nineteen, 
 not only made a confiderable progrels. 
 in Greek and Latin, but had acquired a 
 knowledge of French, Hebrew, Chaldee, 
 and Syriac, and had learned geography, 
 logic, algebra, and geometry, and had 
 gone through a courfe cf lectures on 
 Jewilh antiquities, and other point*, pre- 
 paratory to a critical ttudy of the Bible. 
 At the fame time, in one or other of 
 thole feminaries, he had the good for- 
 tune to form an acqaintance with fe- 
 veral perfons of great abilities. Among 
 the reft, in the academy of the learned 
 and ingenious Mr. Jones, kept firft at 
 Gloucefter, then at Tewklbury, he laid 
 the foundation of a ftritt Iriendfhip 
 with Mr. Jofeph Butler, who was af- 
 terwards Bilhop of Durham. 
 
 Mr. decker being defined by his fa- 
 ther tor the ministerial office, amongft 
 the Diffenters, his ftudies, daring the 
 laft years of his education, were chiefly 
 turned towards divinity, in which he 
 mace fuch quick advances, that by the 
 time he was twenty-three, he had read 
 over carefully a great part of the fcrip- 
 lurtts, particularly the New Teftament 
 in the Original, and the beft comments 
 upon it ; Eufebius's Ecclefiaftical Hif- 
 tory- the Apoftohcal Fathers, Whifton's 
 Piimitive Christianity, and the princi- 
 pal writers for and againft miniiterial 
 R. 
 
 and lay co formity, with many others 
 of the molt esteemed treatifes in theo- 
 logy. But th> uch the refult of thefe 
 inquiries was a well-grounded belief of 
 the Chriltian Revelation, ye. not being 
 at that time able to decide on fome ab- 
 Itrufe fpeculative di>c"lrines, nor to de- 
 termine abfoiutely what communion he 
 fhould embrace, he refolved, like a wife 
 and honeii man, to purfue fome ( ofef- 
 fion, which fhould not oblige him to 
 declare, or teach pubiickly, opiions 
 which were act yet thoroughly fettled 
 in his own mind. About the end of 
 the year 171 6, therefore, he applied 
 riimftlf to the study of phytic $ ar.o af- 
 ter gaining all the mfight into it that 
 he could, by reading the ufual prepa- 
 ratory books, and attending the b-.ft lec- 
 tures, during that and the following 
 winter, in London, he determined to 
 go to Paris, for his further improve- 
 ment. Accordingly, in Jan. 1718 jo, 
 he fet out for that city, where he lodged 
 in the fame houfe with Mr. W inflow, 
 the famous anatomift, whoie leclures 
 he attended ; as he alfo did thofeon the 
 materia medica, chemiftry and botany, 
 in the King's gardens. The operations 
 of furgery he faw at the Hotel Dku, 
 and he likewife attended a courfe of 
 lectures in midwifery, but without any 
 defign of ever praftiGng that or any 
 other branch of furgery. 
 
 During his continuance at Paris, he 
 became acquainted with Albinius, af- 
 terwaids profeffor at Leyden, Father 
 Montfaucon, and feveral other perfons 
 of note. Here likewife was his firft 
 acquaintance with Mr. Martin BenLn, 
 afterwards bifhep of Gloucester, with 
 whom he Lon became much connected. 
 From the time of his leaving England, 
 he had kept up a confiant correspon- 
 dence with Mr. Butler, who, having 
 taken occasion to mention him to his 
 friend Mr.Tiibot, ti.atexcelleni perfon 
 promised 
 
( 12* ) 
 
 promifed to engage his father, the 
 Bifhop, to provide fof him, in cafe he 
 chofe to take orders in the Church of 
 England ; which lend propolal was 
 communicated to him, in a Utter from 
 Mr. Butler, about the beginning of 
 May 1710. 
 
 Mr. Seeker had n<-t at that time come 
 to anv refolution of quirting the ft'idy 
 of rhvfic, but he becan to f refee ma- y 
 obftades to his purfuing that prrfeffion, 
 and having never dikontinued his ap- 
 plication to theology, his former diffi- 
 eulties (we are told) both with regard 
 t« conformity, and fome other doubtful 
 points, had gradually lclTened, as his 
 iuH^m'-nt hetame flron^er.and his read- 
 ing and knowledge rrvre extenfive. It 
 a, pfars alfo from two of his letters flill 
 in be ; ng, written from Paristo a friend 
 jn Englard, and prior to the date of 
 Mr Butler's, that he was greatly difTa- 
 tisrird with the divfions and difturban- 
 ces which at that particular perioi pre- 
 vailed 1 awtifft the PuTenters. In this 
 ftare of mind Mr. Cutler's unexpected 
 propofal found him ; and after having 
 carefully deliberated upon the fur-jecl, 
 for more than two months, he refolved 
 to embrace the offer ; for this purpofe 
 he quitted France, about the beginning 
 ot A.jguft 1720. 
 
 Upon his ariival in Fnghnd.. he was 
 introd reed to Mr. T lbot, with wh'>m 
 he cultivated an iniim^te acquaintance, 
 which, ho«evf,\v3Mif ftri Ihort . u- 
 ra ion ; for. in 'he month of December, 
 that yertleman caught 'he fmall-pox 
 and died, at theearly age of twenty-nine 
 ThW was a great (hoik to all his liiend*, 
 who had j'i'llv cos^eived the hiihelt 
 expectations of him, but elpecially to 
 an amiable lady whom he hid lat-ly 
 roamed, and who was very near linking 
 under the ftroke. Mr. v erker, befidei 
 Sharing n the common £'ief, liadrc^u- 
 liar reafon to lament an acciaenr that 
 feerped to p •■ r an rnd at or.ee to all his 
 1 
 
 lion, he ("etermined to perfevere ; and 
 for his enc< uraeement he found that 
 Mr. Talbot h.d, on his death bed, re- 
 c mrre^drd him, together with Mti 
 Ben f on and Mr. Bu.ler, to his fa hei'i 
 notice. 
 
 It was judged neceffarv by Mr. See- 
 ker's friend?, that he fl oule have a de- 
 gree at Oxford, and he v>as informed, 
 that if he previoLily took the degiee of 
 Doctor of Ph\iic in LeyeVn, it would 
 probably help him in obtair ing ihecher; 
 whereupon he went to that univerfity, 
 and there took his degree, in March 
 1770-1. He then returned to Lo don, 
 and on the ift of April 1721, entered 
 himfelf a Gentleman - Commoner of 
 Exet*r eolleee in Oxford ; about a year 
 alter which he obtained the decree of 
 Bachelor of Aril in that univcrlitv, in 
 conference of the Cham elior's recom- 
 mendatory letter to the Convocation. 
 
 He now fpent a confiderable part of 
 his t me in London ; and in Dec. 1722, 
 re v as orda'ned Dc-con, and foon af'er 
 Pr eft, b\ Bilhop 'I albot, in St. James's 
 church, where he alio preacl ed his firft 
 fermon, on the 28th of March j-23. 
 The Bifhop then appointed him one of 
 his domeflic Chaplains j and before the 
 end of the year he was piefented by his 
 Lorcfhip to the valuable recfery of 
 Hoogbtoa le Spring, vacnt bv theceah 
 of Sir George Whel-r, whofe Prebend 
 of Durham the Bifhop gave to Mr, 
 Cinfun. 
 
 In the courfe of thofe frequent vif-tj 
 of gratitude and frier.dfhip which Mr. 
 Seeker paid to Mr*. Talbot, the 
 of Mr. Edward Talbot, by whom fhe 
 1 ad a daughter, five months after his 
 deeesfe, ht becme acquainied with the 
 I tier of his friend Mr Benfon, »ho 
 had been "or feveral years Mrs Talbu's 
 feparable companion; and his prefer- 
 ment now puttn g it into his p. \*,r to 
 leiile himfell in ihe world, in a manner 
 i?ree<bleto r 1 is inclma ior.s, i.c made 
 ofaJ of nurriJ;.c, which be- 
 ing 
 
( "J ) 
 
 ing accept, they were married by Bp. 
 Talbot, on the iSth of Oct ber, 1725. 
 At the erneft defireof both, Mrs. Tal- 
 bot confented to live with them, and 
 the two families from that time became 
 one. 
 
 Mr. Seeker now gave up all the time 
 he poffibly could to his refidence at 
 Houghton, where he applied himfelf 
 with alacrity to the fluties of a coun'ry 
 clergyman, fupporting that ufeful and 
 refpeffable character throughout with 
 the ftricteft propriety. Though his pa- 
 rifh was in a very remote part cf the 
 world, yet the folitudeof the place fuited 
 his (hidious difpofition, and the inc me 
 of his living was equal to his defires. 
 Here he would have been content to live 
 and die; here, as he often declared, he 
 fpent fjme of the happieft hours of his 
 life; and it was no thought or choice 
 of his own that removed him to a higher 
 and more public fyhere. But Mis. 
 Seeker's health, which began now to 
 be very bad, and was thought to hai.e 
 been much i jured by the campnets of 
 the fi'.ustion, obliged him to think of 
 exchanging it for a naore healthy one j 
 and by the kind offices of Mr. Benfon, 
 he was enabled to exchange it for the 
 rectory of Ryton, and a Prebend of 
 Durham, to which he was inftituttd in 
 1727. In confequence of this exchange, 
 he lived chiefly at Durham for the two 
 following years j going over every week 
 to officiate at Ryton, and fpending two 
 or three months together at that place, 
 in the fummer. 
 
 In July 1732, Mr. Seeker was ap- 
 pointed Chaplain to the King. The 
 following month happened to be his 
 month of waiting at -St. James v , in the 
 courfe of wh'ch he preached before the 
 Queen, (the King being then abroad,) 
 and a few days after her Majefty fent for 
 him inlo the clofet, and held a long and 
 gracious converfation with him. This 
 honourable mark of her Majefty't ap- 
 probation and regard threw a luftrc on 
 
 0? 
 
 that public character by which Mr. Sec 
 ker began now to be diitinguifhed.-He 
 already flood high in the eftima:ion of 
 thofe who were a'lowed to be the beft 
 judges of merit ; and it was not long be- 
 fore an opportunity offered of placing 
 lum in an advantageous point of view, 
 as a preacher and a divine.-! )r. Tyrw hit, 
 who fucceeded Dr. Clarke as rector of 
 St. James's, found that preaching in fo 
 large a church endangered his health. 
 Bifhop Gibi'bn, therefore, his father- 
 in-law, propofed to the Crown that he 
 fhould be made Refirientiary of St, Paul's, 
 and that Mr. Seeker fhould fucceed him 
 in the rectory. This arrangement was 
 fo acceptable to thofe in power, that it 
 took place without any difficulty. Mr* 
 Seeker was inftituted retfor in May 
 I733> and in the beginning of July 
 he went to Oxford, to take his degiee 
 of Doctor of Laws, not being of fuffi- 
 cient ftanding for that of Divinity. On 
 this occafion it was, that he preached 
 his celebrated Act Seimon, on the ad- 
 vantages and duties of academical edu- 
 cation, which was allowed to be a maf- 
 ter-piece of found reafoning and juft 
 compofition. It was printed at the de- 
 fire of the Heads of Hcufes, and quickly 
 patTed through feveral editions. 
 
 At his next waiting at Hampton- 
 Court, the Queen again fent for Mr. 
 Seeker, and faid very obliging things 
 to him of this fermon; and it was 
 thought the reputation he had acquired 
 by it contributed not a little towards 
 that promotion which foon followed its 
 publication. For in Dec. 1734, he re- 
 ceived a very unexpe&eJ nctice, by let- 
 ter, from Bifhop Gibfon, that the King 
 had fixed on him to be Bifhop of Briftol; 
 and in the following month, he was 
 confecrated in Lambeth chapel. 
 
 The honours to which Dr. Seeker 
 was thus rafed, in the prime of life, did 
 not in the leaft abate his diligence and 
 attention to bufinefs ; for which indeed 
 there was now more occafion than ever. 
 
 He 
 
( "4 ) 
 
 He Immediately fet about the vifitation 
 of his diocefe, confirmed in * gr»at 
 number of places, picached in feveral 
 chuuhes, fcmer.mes twice a da}, and 
 from the informations received in his 
 progref , aid the foundation of a paro- 
 chial acc-unr of hit diocefe, for the be- 
 nefit of his fuccelTor*. Finding, a' the 
 fame time, the affairs of his parifli of 
 St. James in great diforder, lie took, the 
 trouble, in concert with a few others, 
 to put the accounts of the feveral officers 
 into a regular mtthod, drew up a fee of 
 excellent rules to direct them better for 
 the futuie, and, by the large fhare which 
 healwa^j took in the management ot 
 the co r, and the regulation of many 
 other parochial concerns, was of figna! 
 fervice to his parifhioners, even in a 
 temporal view. But it was their fpiri- 
 tual welfare which engaged, as it ought 
 to do, his chief attention ; and in order 
 to promote this, he was particularly af- 
 fiduous in giving and encouraging evety 
 kind of public inftruction. He allowed 
 out of his own income a falary for read 
 jng early and late prayers, which had 
 formerly been paid out of the offertory 
 money. He held a confirmation ence 
 every year, and examined and inffrufted 
 the candidates feveral weeks before in 
 theveftry,anH gave them religious tiacts ; 
 which he alio distributed at other times 
 ▼ery liberally, to thofe that needed them. 
 He i.rew up likewife for the ufe of his 
 parifhioners, thole admirable Lectures 
 on the Church Catechifm, which have 
 been fince publifhed, and not only read 
 them, once every week, on the ufual 
 days, but alfo every Sunday evening, 
 either at the church, or one of the cha- 
 pels belonging to it, where they were 
 attended regularly by perfons of all ages 
 and conditions, and received with uni 
 yerf.l approbation. 
 
 The S rmons which at the fame time 
 JJifhop Seeker fet himfelf to compofe> 
 were Uuly excellent and original. Hi* 
 faculties were n**w in :heir full vicour 
 and he had m audience to fpeak before. 
 
 that rendered the utmoft exertion of 
 them necefTary. He did not, however, 
 feek to gratify the higher parr by amu- 
 fingthem with refined fpeculation', un- 
 intelligible to the lower part, and un- 
 profitable to both ; but re laid before 
 them all, with equal freedom and plain* 
 nefs, the great Ciwiltian duties belong. 
 irg to their refpec.! ve Nations, and re- 
 proved the folliei and vices ot every 
 rar.k amontft them without diflinctioa 
 •r palliation. Though he neither pof* 
 fttTcd noraftected the artificial eloquence 
 of an orator, who wants only 10 amufe 
 or m dead, yet he had ;hat of an honeft 
 man who wants to convince, of a chri- 
 flian preachei who wants to reform and 
 to lave thol ■ that hear him j and the 
 difcourfes which he delivered were fo 
 enforced by his elocution, his figure, hit 
 action, and above all, by the correfpon* 
 ding fanctity of h.s example, that he 
 foon became one of the molt admired 
 and popular preachers of his time. 
 
 On the death of Archbifhop Wake, 
 Dr. Potter was appointed to iucceeo him, 
 and the fee of Oxtord (vacant by this 
 promotion) was offered to Dr. Seeker, 
 who at fir If dec ined it, but at the ear* 
 neft requelt of Biflinp Sherlock, who 
 was defirous to obtain the bifhopric of 
 Briftol for hisbro her-in-law Dr.Gooch, 
 he was at length prevailed upon to accept 
 the propol'al, and was confirmed Bifhop 
 ot Oxford in May 1737. 
 
 In the year 1743, lne ""ion began 
 t" be alarmed with the appearances of a 
 rebe lion; about the middle of February, 
 1743 4- tlie K' n g ltnt a melTage to both 
 Houles of Parliament, acquainting them 
 that Uie Pretender's Ion was meditating 
 an invafion of this kingdom from the 
 eoall ot France ; immediately after which 
 declaration, the Bifhop ot Oxford took 
 the esrlieft opportunity ot fignalizing 
 his affection to the government, and ex* 
 citing that 01 others, by computing a 
 lermonon iheoicalion, which ne preach* 
 at St. James's church, on the 26th ot the 
 fame 
 
( i*5 ) 
 
 fame month. When the rebellion ac- 
 tually broke out, in Sept. 174.5, l ^ e 
 Biihop fent a circularletter to his clergy 
 upon the Subject, and drew up and pro- 
 moted an addrefs fronvhem to his Ma 
 jefty. Upon his return to London, in 
 October, he preached the above-men- 
 tioned fermon again at his church, and 
 both h:s chapels, with fome alterations 
 and improvements, and leaving it to be 
 printed, went down to a county meet- 
 ing at Oxford, and ba:k ?gain in a few 
 days to St. James's, when he prefented 
 his fe'mon to the King. It was much 
 read and aomired, and has been ranked 
 by the belt judge?, amongft the firft of 
 the iruny excellent ones which were 
 published on that occafion. 
 
 On the nomiration of Dr. Butler* 
 Dean of St. Paul's-, the fee of Dur- 
 ham, the Lord Chancellor [Hardwickr] 
 immedia:ely wrote tothe Dukeof New- 
 castle, who was then at Hanover with 
 the King, recommending the Biihop of 
 Oxloid fur the deanry, which he was 
 to take in exchange for the rectory of 
 St. James's, and the Prebend of Dur- 
 ham. His Majefty confented, and he 
 was infl ailed in Dec. 1750. 
 
 It was no wonder that, after prefix- 
 ing over fo extenlive and populous a 
 parish, for upwards of 17 years, B.fhop 
 Seeker ihould willingly confent to be 
 leleafed from a burden which was now 
 becoming too great for his ftrength. 
 Some of his parishioners too had requited 
 him but ill for the pains he Sincerely 
 took to Serve them in all nfpects. But 
 far the krgeft and moll creditable part 
 of them were duly fenfible of what they 
 owed to him, and moft deeply regretted 
 the lofs of a paftor, whofe character they 
 reverenced, and by whofe labours and 
 instructions the) hadfogreaily profited. 
 When he preacheo his ta eweil fermon, 
 the whole audience melted into 'ears: 
 and he was followed with t*--e prayers 
 and good wifhes of thofe whom every 
 honeft man would be moil ambitious to 
 pleafe, 
 
 About two years before this exchange 
 took place, Bifbop Seeker had the mif- 
 fortune to lofe his ladv; and he had not 
 been long in poffeffion of his dignity 
 before he received sno-her heavy and 
 unexpected flrcke, in the lofs of hi« 
 three friends, the Biihops Butler, Ben- 
 fon, and Berkeley, with whom he hsd 
 been moft intimately connected, and 
 who were all cut off within the fpacc 
 of one year. 
 
 During the whole time that Dr. See- 
 ker was Dean of St. Paul's, he attended 
 divine fervice constantly in that cathe- 
 dral, twice every day, whether in refi- 
 denceor not; and, in concert with the 
 other three Refidentiaries, eftablifhed 
 the cufiom of always preaching their 
 own turns in the afternoon, or exchang- 
 ing with each other only j which, ex- 
 cepting the cafe of illnefs, orext.aor- 
 dmary accidents, was very punctually 
 obferved. In the fummer months he 
 refided conftamly at his epifcopal-houfe 
 at Cuddefden, where he regularly preach- 
 ed in the parifh church, every Sunday 
 morning, and read a lecture on the Ca- 
 techifm, in the evening; and in every 
 other refpect, within his own proper 
 department, was h mfelf that devout, 
 difcree', difinterefted, laborious, con- 
 Icientious psftor, which he wifhed and 
 exhorted every clergyman in hisdiocefe 
 to be. — In this fee he continued up- 
 wards of twenty years, going on that 
 whole time in the fame even courfe of 
 duty, and enjoying with the hightft re- 
 liSh thofe leilure hours, which his re- 
 tirement of Cuddefden afforded him, 
 for i he profecution of his favorite Studies. 
 At length, however, he was removed 
 from this Station to a more important 
 one; being promoted, in the year 1758, 
 to the See of Canteibury, vacant by the 
 death of Archbishop Hut on. 
 
 From the time that Dr. Seeker wat 
 made Dean of St. Paul's, his Majefty 
 ufed to fpeak to him occafionalh at his- 
 levee, though with no particular marks 
 of distinction} but after he became 
 Archbifhop, 
 
( «6 ) 
 
 Archbifhop, the Kint; treated him with 
 much kiminefs, and on one occafion 
 was pjrafed to allure him verj particu 
 larly. i at he was perfectly fatisfied 
 with the whole of his conduct in that 
 flatlon. 
 
 The f.rft thing that engaged the at- 
 tentioo of the Archbifhop was the care 
 ot h is new r'iocefe, which he immedi- 
 ately vifited with liis ufual regularity, 
 at .1 wiili a juit concern for the mutual 
 inttrciis ot Ms cl'-rgv and their people, 
 At the lame time- our worthy mctropo- 
 IU i nfidered himfelf as the natural 
 p.u.rriian, not only of that church over 
 v h ch he f redded, but of learning, vir- 
 tue, and religion at large ; and, from 
 the eminence on * h ch he was placed, 
 he looked round with a watchful eyeon 
 e\e;y hing tiiat concerned them, rea- 
 di.\ embracing all fit opportunitiei to 
 promote their intereft, ani oppefing, as 
 far as he WaS able, all a', empts to m- 
 juie them. Lvers celign and iiittilution 
 that tended to advance good morals and 
 true religion, he patronized with zeal 
 and g neroAty. He contributed 
 to the maintenance of ichools i r the 
 poor, and to the rebuilding or repairing 
 of parfonage bi ufes and places of wor- 
 fhi;.'. To the society for promoting 
 Chiiflian Knowhdge he was a liberal 
 bei.c'actir ; and to the Society forpio- 
 pagating the Gofpel in Foreign farts, 
 ot m hich he was the Preucent, he paid 
 much attention, being tinctieiy delirous 
 to improve to the utmoit that excellent 
 inl'tiu ton* and :o dlffufc the knowledge 
 ana b. l.ef of Chrillianity as far as the 
 revenues of tiie Society, and the ex- 
 treme difficulty of effaLlifning i'choois 
 and m flions amongft the Indians, and 
 of making any effectual and durable 
 impreffionl of religion on (heir unci- 
 vilized minds, would adn.it. 
 
 This, without doubt, was the noble 
 purpoie for which the fociety was efta- 
 blifh-d; but, in ihe year 1764,8 pam- 
 phlet was published by Dr. Maybew, of 
 Boilon in New England, therein that 
 
 public fpirited writer charged the fociety 
 w th a violation of their charter, and a 
 mifapplicatirn of the nuney thty had 
 been authorized to collect from the in- 
 habitant of Great Britain. The au- 
 thor afPrted, and endeavoured to pro* e, 
 that the greareft part of the money col- 
 lected had been applied, not to propa- 
 gate the got pel amongft unbelievers,— 
 not (as he ezpreffei it) to chriliianize 
 Infidels, but to epifcopife the Piefbyte- 
 rians and Quakeis of New England, 
 who humbly prefumed they we;e al- 
 ready Chriftia/.s, and had the gofpel 
 propagated amongft them, before the 
 Society had a being. In this pertorm- 
 ance Dr. Mayhew had alfo interfperfed. 
 fome reflections on the Church of Eng- 
 land, and on the defign oi appointing 
 Bifhops in America j for which rcafons, 
 as well as on account of the principal 
 fubject of the pufcliciiion, his Grace 
 thought himfelf called upon to confute 
 his invectives, and accordingly he print- 
 ed a fhort anonymous piece, entitled 
 " An Anfwer to Dr. Ma^hew's Obfer- 
 vations on the Charter and Conduct oi 
 the Society for propagating the Gofpel." 
 — Such was the ftiength of argument, 
 as well as fairnefs and giod temper, 
 with whii lit his" Anfwer' wai wriiten, 
 that Dr. Mayhew plainly perceived he 
 bad no common adverfary to oeal v. !th j 
 and he ingenuoufly acknowledged him 
 to be " a perfon of excellent fenfe, and 
 a happy talent at writing; apparently 
 free (rum the fordid illiberal Ipiiit of 
 bigotry ; one of a cool temper, who 
 often {hewed much candour, was well 
 acquainted with the affairs of the So- 
 ciety, and in general a fair reafoner." 
 He was therefore fo far wrought upon 
 by his " worthy anfwerer," as to abate 
 much of his f rmer warmth and acri- 
 mony, in the " Remarks" on this tract, 
 which he publ ihed without delay. But 
 as he ftiH would not allow himfelf to 
 be wrong in any material point, he was 
 again animadverted upon by Mr. Ap- 
 thorp, in a fer.nble tiact, entitled " A 
 Review 
 
( i*7 ) 
 
 Review of Dr. Mayhew's Remark', 
 &c." which clofed the difpute; for the 
 Doclor, on reading this pamphlet, de- 
 clared he fhould not anfwer it, and in 
 the following year he died. 
 
 From the time of his elevation to the 
 fee of Canterbury, Dr. Seeker refided 
 conftantly at his archiepifcopa) houfe 
 at Lambeth, as being not only mod 
 commodioiifly fituated forhis own ftudies 
 and employments, but for all thofe who 
 en various occafions were continually 
 obliged to have recourfe to him j and 
 he managed the extenfive concerns of 
 his high ftation with the utmoft care 
 and fidelity.— The welfare, the credit, 
 the good influence of the clergy he had 
 entirely at heart ; and he fuffered no- 
 thing to cfcape his notice that could in 
 any proper way promote them. He 
 earneftly rndeavoure- to prevent unwor- 
 thy mm from bringing dfgrace on the 
 proK-ffion, and contempt on religion, 
 by entering in'o oiders; with which 
 view it was, that he fo ftrongly recom- 
 mended the greateft care and caution in 
 finning testimonials. If any fuch, how- 
 ever, had unhappily found means to 
 obtain ordination, he did his utmoli to 
 prevent their further progrefs j or it 
 that could not be done, veiy openly 
 fignified h'S d flike of their conduct ; 
 nor could he ever bring himfclf to treat 
 them, however conficerabie their rank 
 might be, with any marks of elteem or 
 refpe£t. 
 
 Men of worth and eminence in the 
 thuich he chenfhed and betnenued 
 and endeavoured to bring forward into 
 {rations where i hey might be fingularly 
 ufcful. At the fame t.ne bkewife that 
 he fought cue aid encouraged men of 
 real genius, or exienfive knowledge, 
 he treated thofeof humblertalents with 
 kindnefs and condffcei.fi n, provided 
 thei' indofliy was grea r , and their in. 
 tendons were good, Bath forts he woalj 
 
 frequently employ in undertakings fuited 
 to their refpective abilities, and he re- 
 warded them in way. fuited to their re- 
 fpective wants He alTilled them with 
 books, promoted fubferiptions to their 
 works, contributed largely to them him- 
 ftlf, talked wuh them of iheir private 
 concerns, entered warmly into their in- 
 terefts, ufed his credit for thrm with 
 the great, or gave them preferments of 
 his own. But above all, he dininguifh- 
 ed, with pecul ar marks of his favor, the 
 confc entious and diligent parifh prieft; 
 for he was of opinion, that " the main 
 fupport of piety and morals confided in 
 the parochial labours of the clergy; 
 and that, if this countiy could be pre- 
 served from titter profligacy and ruin, it 
 mult be by heir means." 
 
 The conduit which his Grace the 
 Archbifhop obferved towards the fe- 
 veral divjfions and denominations of 
 ( hriftians in this kingdom, was fuch 
 a: /hewed his way of thinking to be 
 truly liberal and ca holic. The dan- 
 gerous fpirit of Popery, indeed, he 
 thought fhould always be kept under 
 proper legal relhaints, en account of 
 ts natural oppofition not only to the 
 religious, but ihe civil rights of- man- 
 kind. He therefore obferved its move- 
 ments with care, and exhorted hisclergy 
 to do the fame, efpecially thofe who 
 were fituated in the midft of Roman 
 Cathol c families, again!) whole influ- 
 ence ihey were charged to be upon their 
 guard, and were furmlhed with proper 
 broks, or inftrnctions for (h it purpofe. 
 He took ail fit opportunities of combat- 
 ing the errors of ihs Church of Rome 
 in his ow wutings-j and the belt an- 
 fwer> that were publifhed to fome bold 
 ap h-g.es tor Popery, which appeared in 
 •h -fe days, were wr ttenat his in/lance 
 and under h s diredbon. 
 
 But though he was thus prudently 
 j.aious of this corrupt church, y t to- 
 wards 
 
( 1*8 ) 
 
 «rard<; his Troteftant brethren of all per- 
 fuafions our worthy metropolitan de- 
 meaned himfelf with great mildnefs and 
 moderation. Being firmly attached to 
 the Church of England, he was ready 
 on all proper occafions to defend its dis- 
 cipline and doftrines with becoming 
 fpirir, but this attachment never in- 
 fpired him with any defire to opprrfs or 
 aggrieve thofe of a different way of 
 thinking. So far from it, thn h, was 
 fincerely defirous of cultivating a good 
 underftandingwith the DiiTenters, whom 
 he confidered in general as a confeien- 
 ticus and valuable clafs of men. With 
 fome of the mod eminent of them he 
 maintained an intercouife of friendship 
 or civility ; by the moft candid and con- 
 fiderate part of them he was highly re- 
 ferenced and efteemed ; and to fuch 
 among them as needed help, he fheved 
 no lefs kindnefs and liberality than to 
 thofe of his own communion. Nor was 
 his C race's concern for the Proteftant 
 caufe confined to his own country. He 
 was well knewn as the great patron and 
 proiettor of it in various parts of Eu- 
 rope ; whence he had frequent applica- 
 tions for afliflance, which never failed 
 of being favourably received. To feve- 
 ral foreign ProtcfUnts he allowed pen- 
 fioni, to o'hers he gave occafional re- 
 lief, and to fome of their univerfiiies 
 he was an annual benefactor. 
 
 Archbifhop Seeker had been fur 
 many years fubjeft to the gout, which 
 in the latter part of his liie returned 
 with more frequency and violence, and 
 did not go olf in a regular manner, but 
 was fucceeded by pains indifferent parts 
 of his body, About a year and a half 
 before he died, he w«s attacked, after a 
 fit of Um c.ou:, with a pain in the arm 
 near I he moulder, which having con 
 tir.ued about a twelvemonth, a fimilar 
 paia fcixed th; upper and outer part of 
 the opuuiue tb:gh, and th: arm luwn be- 
 
 came eafier. This was much mnre gri». 
 vous than the former, as it quickly dif. 
 abled him from walking, and kept him 
 almoft in continual trrment, except 
 when he was in a reclined pofition. 
 During this time he had two or three 
 fits of the gout j but neither did that 
 diforder, nor the medic nes he took, 
 alleviate thefe pains, which, with the 
 want of exercife, brought him into a 
 general bad habit of body. In this fitu- 
 at on he was feited, on Saturday July 
 30, 1768, as he fat at dinner, with a 
 ficknefs at his ftomach. He recoveied 
 himfelf, before night ; but the next 
 evening, whilft his phyficians were at- 
 tending, and his fetvants aifinghimon 
 his couch, he Hidden ly cried out that 
 his thigh-bone was broken. The fhoclc 
 was fo violent, that t. e fervants per- 
 ceived the couch to fhalce unter h m, 
 and the pain fo acute and unexpected, 
 that it overcame the firmnefs which he 
 fo remarkably polTcfTed. He lay for 
 fome time in great agonies, but whea 
 the furgeons arrived, and difcovered 
 with certainty that the bone was bro- 
 ken, he was perfectly refigned, and 
 never afteiwards afked a queftion about 
 the event. A fever foon enfued. On 
 Taefiay he became lethargic, and con- 
 tinued l'o till Wednefday evening', when 
 he expired with great calm;. el.-, in the 
 75th ye?r of his age. 
 
 Upon examination, th: thigh bone 
 was found to be carious about four 
 inches in length, and at nearly the fame 
 dirtance from its head. The diftdfe 
 took its rife from the internal part of 
 the bone, and had (o entirely dellroyed 
 its fubltance, that nothing remained at 
 the part wh-. re it was broken but a 
 portion of its outward integument j and 
 even this had many perforations, one of 
 which was large enough to admit two 
 fingers, and was filled with a fungoui 
 i'ubftance anting from within the bone. 
 There was no appeamnte of matter 
 about 
 
( 129 ) 
 
 about the caries, and the furroundins 
 parts were in a found Hate. It was ap- 
 parent, that the torture which hi s Grace 
 underwent durinj the gradual corrofion 
 ot this bone, iriuil have been inexpreiTi- 
 bly great. Out of tcndemeis to his fa- 
 mily he felciom made any complaints to 
 them, but to his ph)'f;ciaiishe frequently 
 declared hi? pains were fo excruciating, 
 that u.'ilels fome rcl.ef could be procu- 
 red, he thought it would be irnpoIUbli 
 tor human nature to fupport them long. 
 Yet he bore them for upwards of fix 
 months with aflonifhing patience and 
 fortitude. He fat up generally the moll 
 part of the day, admitted his particular 
 trier-.ds to fee him. mixed with his fa- 
 mily at the uf^al hours, fometimes with 
 his ufualchearfulntf 1 ; and, except fome 
 very flight defects of memory, retained 
 all his faculties in their full vigour till 
 within a few days of his death. 
 
 Ar'chbifnop Seeker was buried, ac- 
 cording to his own directions, in a co- 
 vered paflage, leading from a private 
 door of the palace to the north dcor of 
 Lambeth church ; and he forbade any 
 monument or epitaph to be placed over 
 him. By his will he appointed the 
 Rev. Dr. Burton, Canon of Chriil 
 Church, and Mrs. Catherine Talbot 
 above-mentioned, his executors, and 
 left lijroolj. in the 3 per cent, annui- 
 ties, to Dr. Porteus and Dr. Stinton, his 
 Chaplains, in truff, to pay the inteieft 
 
 fome ether frnajler legacies, he left bis 
 real, and the reiidue of his pcifonal 
 eftate to his nephew Mr. Thomas broil, 
 of Nottingham. 
 
 His Grace had expended, in his life- 
 time, upward* of yofj. i n arranging 
 and improving the Manufcript Library 
 at Lambeth; and having obferved with 
 concern, that the Library of printed 
 books in that Palace had received no ae- 
 ceflions fir.ee the time of Archb ihop 
 Tennifon, he made it his b ifineis to 
 collett books in all language*, f r0IT1 
 mod parts of Europe, at a very great 
 expence, with a view of fupplying that 
 chalmj which he accordingly did, by 
 leaving, at his death, out of his private 
 library, all fuch books <"S were not in 
 the archiepifcopal one before; which 
 comprehendedmuchthe largeft and mod 
 valuable part of his own colkc"lion. He 
 alfo bequeathed to the Manufcript Li- 
 brary a variety of -'earned and curious 
 pieces, writ'en by himfeif, to be pre- 
 ferved there under the fole care cf the 
 Archbifhop fsr the time being, and to 
 be infpecled by no one without his 
 Grace's exprefs permiiiinn. 
 
 Archbifhop Seeker was in his perfon 
 tall and comely ; in the early part cf 
 hie ilencler, and rather conidmptiv'e ; 
 but as he advanced in }cars, his con- 
 futation gained flrength, and his fize 
 increajed, yet never to a degree of cor- 
 pulency that was difproport.onate cr 
 thereof to Mrs. Talbot and her daughter, j troublefome. His countenance was open, 
 during their joint lives, or the -life of J ingenuous, and expreflive. It varied 
 
 the furvivor; and after the deceafe of 
 both thoie laaies, then nocol. of the 
 I30C0I, were to be transferred to vari- 
 ous charitable purpofes. Leliae liiefe 
 benefactions, he left tocol. to 1 . 
 buted amoni'll his fnvr.nts; acci. to 
 fuch indigent peifons as he hod all 
 his life-time ; 50CC). to the two daugh- 
 ters of his nej>h< w Mr,, Frofi ; 50c). to 
 Mrs. Seeker, wiJpw of his nepluw Dr. 
 Seeker, and r.ocl. to Dr. Eur- 
 Jon, . it of thefe and 
 
 eafily with his fpiriis and his feelings, 
 fo as to be a faithful interpreter of his 
 mind, which was incapable cf the leaft 
 difiimulation. The dignity of his form 
 infpired at all times refpedt and awe, 
 but peculiarly i'o when he was engaged 
 in any of the more folem.i function.-, of 
 religion, into which he entere-.i with 
 fuch devout earneflnefs and warmth, 
 with fo juft a confeioufnefs of the j.iace 
 he was in, and the bufmefs he was 
 about, as fscmed to laife him above 
 him lei i t 
 
( 13* ) 
 
 himfelf, and added new life ind fpirit 
 to the natural graeefulnefi of his ap- 
 pearance. 
 
 Hit intellectual abilitiet weae of a 
 much bighet clafs than fome, who ne- 
 ver had any opportunities of converting 
 intimately with him, and who perhaps 
 formed their opinion of his talent* from 
 the general plainnefs of his language 
 only, have been willing to allow. He 
 poffeffed that native good fenfe, which 
 is the grand mafterkey to every art and 
 fcience. He had alfo a quick appre- 
 henfion, a tlear difcernment, a found 
 judgment, and a retentive memory. He 
 compofed with great eafe and readinefs, 
 and In the early part of his life, the let- 
 ters which he wrote to fome of his moft 
 intimate friends, were full of imagina- 
 tion, vivacity, and elegance. But when 
 he became a parifh-prieft, he found the 
 graces of ftyle incon&ltent withthepur- 
 pofet of paftoral inftruction ; and he 
 willingly facrificed the reputation he 
 might eafily have acquired as a fine 
 writer to the lefs Ihowy qualifications 
 of an ufeful one. From that time he 
 made it his principal ftudy to fet every 
 thing he undertook to treat upon in the 
 cleared point of view j to bring his 
 thoughts and his arguments as dofe to- 
 gether, and to exprefs them in as few 
 and as intelligible words as poffible, 
 without ftepping out of his way for 
 needlefs embellifhmenti. 
 
 It feldom happens that men of a ftu- 
 dious turn acquire any great degree of 
 reputation for their knowledge of bufi- 
 nefs: but Dr. Seeker's talents were 
 formed no lefs for action than fpecula- 
 tion. In the feveral nations through 
 which he pafTcd, he let nothing fuffer 
 for want of attention and care. Where- 
 cver his advice and afilftance were called 
 for, he never failed to be prefent, was 
 fcrupuloufly punctual to hit appoint- 
 ments, fhewed himfelf a perfect matter 
 of the bufinefs that came before him, 
 and went through it with calmncfs 
 
 and difpatch. It was alfo very obfefv- 
 able, that though in all important tranf- 
 adtions, no one proceeded on more en- 
 larged and liberal principles, yet, where 
 it was necefTary, he could take notice 
 of the fmalleft and lecmingly nv ft trill- 
 ing eircutnftantes, and enter into the ■ 
 minuteft detais wiih uncommon pene- 
 tration and exact nefs. 
 
 His learning was very extenfive, and 
 on thofe points which he ftudied with 
 attention, profound. He was well ac- 
 quainted with the Greek and Lain lan- 
 guages ; had in the younger part of hit 
 life read with tafte the beft authors in 
 each ; and of the latter more efpecially 
 had imbibed fo ftrong a tincture, that 
 when he was near feventy, after a dif- 
 ufe of above forty years, he compofed the 
 Latin fpeech, printed at the end of hit 
 Charges, the ftyle of which is nervous, 
 manly, and correct. He alfo pofleiTed 
 a large fliare of critical penetration, ind 
 fcarcely ever read any book Of note with- 
 out making remarks upon it. Some of 
 thefe ftill remain amongft his Manu- 
 fcripts; fome he communicated at dif- 
 ferent times to the editors or tranflatori 
 of feveral claffic authors. But his chief 
 labours of this kind were beftowed on 
 the Holy Scriptures, for which he 
 came well prepared by his knowledge of 
 the original languages in which they 
 were written. In Hebrew literature 
 more efpecially, his /lei 11 was fo well 
 known and acknowledged, that few 
 works of eminence in that branch of 
 learning were publifhed, without being 
 firft fubmitted to his examination. The 
 greateft part of his leifure hours were 
 employed in ftudying the original text 
 of the Sacred Writings; in comparing 
 it with all the ancient verfinr.s ; in col- 
 lecting the remarks made upon it by 
 the moft ingenious and learned authors, 
 ancient and modern, Jewifh and Chri- 
 ftian ; in applying to the fame purpofe 
 every thing he accidentally met with in 
 the courfe of his reading, that had any 
 tendency 
 
( I3» ) 
 
 tendency to explain and illuftrate it; 
 and fuperadding to the whole, his own 
 obfervations and conjectures, fome of 
 which have been fince confirmed by the 
 heft manufcripts. But his attention 
 was not folely confined tothe Scriptures. 
 He had carefully ftudied fome of the 
 beft Chriftian writers of the primitive 
 ages, and was a great mafter of ecclefi-- 
 aftical hiftory. He conftantly read like- 
 wife the beft modern publications in 
 moft parts of ufeful learning, but more 
 efpecially thofe which related to his own 
 profeflion, or were in any degree con- 
 nected with it, and was one of the firft 
 to give a fatisfactory account of them ; 
 to commend them, if they deferved it, 
 to point out and obviate their errors, if 
 they contained any which he thought 
 material. At the fame time, he wou|d 
 take incredible pains in revifing, cor- 
 recting, and improving tha works cf 
 others. This he did, in numberless 
 jnftances : and the judgment which he 
 difcovered, upon thef? occa.fiQn?, vyaa 
 equal to his zeal, 
 
 Jt may feem furprizing, that in. a, \\fe 
 fp active, fq full of employment, and 
 avocation from ftudy, the Archbifhop 
 could find leifure tp read fp much, and 
 to leaye behind him fo many writings j 
 fome of them learned and critical; all 
 of therr. full of good fenfe and ufeful 
 knowledge. The fact is, that ip him 
 were united two things which very 
 rarely meet together, but when they do, 
 can produce wonders,-l>rong parts and 
 unwearied induftry. He rofe at fix the 
 whole year round, and had often fpent 
 a bufy day, before others began to enjoy 
 it. His whole time was marked put 
 and appropriated in the moft regular 
 manner to particular employments, and 
 he never fuffered even thofe broken por- 
 tions of it, which are feldom much re- 
 garded, to be idly thrown away. The 
 ftrength of his conftitution kept pace 
 with the aclivity of his mind, and en- 
 abled him to go on inceflantly from one 
 Sa 
 
 bufmefs to another with almoft unre- 
 mitted application. 
 
 It was not becaufe the Archbifhop 
 had lefs relifh for eafe, or lefs diilike 
 to fatigue than other men, that his di- 
 ligence and perfeverance fo far exceeded 
 theirs ; but becaufe he thought himfelf 
 bound to labour for the good of man* 
 kind, and that all indolence and felf» 
 indulgence, which interfered with this, 
 was in fome degree criminal. Even the 
 pleafures of polite literature, which were 
 highly grateful to him, he thought him? 
 felf obliged to relinquish for the pecu- 
 liar ftudies of his profeflion, and thefe 
 again for the practical duties of religion, 
 and the daily duties of common life. 
 On this principle he made it a point to 
 be at all times acceffible. Even in that 
 early part of the day, which was more; 
 peculiarly dedicated to retirement and 
 ftudy, if any one came to him on the 
 fmalleft pretence of bufinef?, he would 
 cheatfully facrifice thofe precious mo- 
 ments to dv'y> to civility, to the flight- 
 eft propriety, which he would on no 
 account have given up to relaxation oj 
 reppfe, 
 
 This indeed was pnly one inftance, 
 amongft many, of the great command 
 his Grace had obtained oyer his moft 
 favourite inclinations, and the facility 
 with which he controlled his ftrongeft 
 paffions. His temper was naturally quick 
 and impatient ; but by k- eping a watch- 
 ful eye over the movements of his own 
 mind., and prescribing to himfelf certain 
 excellent rules and precautions, to which 
 he inviolably adhered, he (o totally (ub- 
 dued this dangerous propenfity, that few 
 who knew him had any fufpioon of hi* 
 being fubject to it. In this, indeed, a* 
 in other inftances, appeared the efficacy 
 of that religious principle, which wa* 
 the fupreme guide and director of hit 
 actions and defigns. For that fervent 
 yet rational piety, which glowed in hii 
 writings, and animated his devotion*, 
 wai not, ai is fometimei the cafe, af- 
 
 fmnri 
 
( 132 ) 
 
 iVmed occpOnally.npd laid it 
 the eye of the world WM not upon him, 
 but it was the fame in private as in 
 public, to thole who obferved him at a 
 oili.mce, and ijjofe who liv.d and con- 
 verted intimately with him, v h 
 opportunities of feeing him at all 
 and under all ciro m(lanee<, in his re 
 tired and fcrious, as well as his freeft 
 arid molr chearful moments. The in- 
 (ts of reliyi n he evidently had at 
 heart ; and accordingly he was bo'h 
 anxious to promote them, upon all rt- 
 rafinn:-, and I xtiemelv careful not to.o 
 cr i..y arij thir g that mij.ht hurt them 
 in the enimation of mankind. This it 
 v as which kept up that nnifo m n*< 
 andptcpriet\ lb remarkable in hit » 
 deportment, which preferved Kim fn m 
 every unbtcomirg levity of behaviour 
 ar.d ionverfaiion, and added weight and 
 dig' it) to hh cl aradler. 
 
 red kindrefs which Dr. 
 c . ', . ■ hewed to tl.e two ladies 'hat 
 I ■ j with him frcm the time of hit 
 •'.< that rf his death, (iipv arr!< 
 of 41 'ears,) was a temarkaVle infbnce 
 of fteady friendfhip, and (hewed that his 
 foul was no Ids formed for that u 
 o< virtuous minds?, than for every orher 
 genet, vis ■ thil 
 
 r. . ■ •) I eu Lcnerous in the- fa 
 
 Even when his income was 
 but -moderate, lie lived hnfpitably, and 
 pave Irr-L-rally. A« Lis nvi . i.es increaftd, 
 •tior.inib- 
 ; romotion to the 
 . C'antcibury, hil charitable dona- 
 tions wet e conl'm- 
 
 a \ear. I meirt c f Lis ta 
 
 milv, at : "•, there was an 
 
 sir of eafc and- generofit>, v ■:'.. 
 
 • ' • 
 Rodfe -■ le" and his table plen- 
 
 r An and fimple. 1 
 
 ; thing fuitable to ia; s rank, 
 
 \r.nd it. 
 ■ tipht in one of his llation 
 and pro' - 
 
 zs he could, all luxnriotn r>?:ntie«. 
 re never give into fe- 
 '"hionablc accommodation', nor 
 a.lmit exttaor.-inary dclicacirf to hit 
 nor even accept them when of- 
 fered him. lie received his company 
 litenefs and good humour, and 
 entertained them, when he was in 
 health and fpiritl, with lively and im- 
 proving converfition. i et it muff be 
 owned, that he was not always equally 
 affable and obliging. There was forte. 
 times a tefirve and eoldnefs in 1 
 ner that threw a damp on converlation, 
 and prevented ffrangeis from being per- 
 fectly at their eafe before him. It Mas 
 renurkable that he ch.fe always rather 
 to talk of things than perfons ; was 
 • ring in giving his opinion or 
 cliar^ctcir, very candid when he did, 
 DWti gocd deeds or great attain- 
 me ts he never (poke, nor loved to hear 
 others fpeak. Comrliments were very 
 rtfibly put him 
 out of humour, and gave him actual 
 pain; and he wculri fomctimes exi refs 
 his ciflike of them in fuch pljin terms 
 as erfeclually prevented a repetition of 
 them from the (?me perfon. 
 
 To h's domcSics the Arch bi/1 
 a gentle and ir.d Icent tr.aftei. 
 "I tl m he fuffcred to continue with 
 iheir families in his ho'ife after tbey 
 were married. None of iIkiti u 
 charged on account of (icknefs 1 . 
 n;ii;/, but i with the bell ad- 
 
 vice that co-Id be had. Thofe v h-> 
 iv.d attende- 1 i. : m in illncfs, or f.rved 
 him long and I 
 to reward v. ith an unfparir. 
 wards his other dependents, bit 
 virur wis even and fric: 
 •clarions continually expeiicncrd Iris af- 
 ■;e concern for their welfare. 
 Not long after the c< 
 Archbiihop, his executors, in obedience 
 to an <>Mcr left unrc. his Gra . . 
 hand, pulliihed ,c A Letter u> the Ki,.ht 
 Hon. Huratio V. tlpolCj 
 
 Jan. 
 
( «33 ) 
 
 Jan 9j 1750-1, concerning Bifhops in 
 .America;" wherein the fcheme for 
 eftablifhing Biiho;s in that country is 
 let in a clear point of view, the Wri- 
 ter's own fentiments upon it are fully 
 exj'la ned, and an anfwrr is given to 
 the principal objections againit fuch a 
 propofal. 
 
 His Grace left his " Lectures on the 
 Catechifm," and his " Manufcript Ser- 
 monr," to be reviled *nd publifhed by 
 his two Chaplains, Dr. Stinton and Dr. 
 Porteus; who accordingly prefented the 
 public with the former in two volumes, 
 oclavo, ai.d the latter in feven. In the 
 '• Lectures," every part of chriitian faiih 
 and duty corriorchended in the Cate- 
 chifm of oji Church is explained in an 
 eafy and familiar manne>; and the 
 "Seimons" are defervecly held in very 
 high efteem. The greater part of them 
 are practical difcourfes ; and the fubject> 
 cf thefe are well chofen, and treated in 
 fuch a manner as ihewj the Author to 
 have been a petfon of jufl difcernment, 
 found juegment, and good learning. His 
 Grace'* Chaplains publilhed likewii'e a 
 correct edition, in one volume, octavo, 
 of hi* «' Eight Charges delivered to the 
 
 Clergy of the Diocefes of Oxford and 
 Canterbury: To which are added, In- 
 structions to Candidates for Orders; and 
 a Latin Speech, intended to have been 
 made at the opening of the Convocation 
 in 1 761." — Thefe Charges, which were 
 written in a plain, eaty, and natural 
 manner, contain many judicious and 
 pertinent directions to the Clergy, con- 
 sidered as Minivers of the Gofpel in 
 general, and of their refpective parifhes 
 in particular} and are highly worthy of 
 the feriaus and attentive perufal of all 
 who are engaged in, or defigned for, 
 the Clerical ProfeiTion. The "Nine 
 Sermons," on the war and rebellion* 
 publilhed in the year 175S, by the Au- 
 thor himfelf, when he was Bifhop of 
 Oxford, which were out 0/ print, and 
 much fought after, have been alfo re- 
 printed hy the booklellers, with the 
 addition of the •* Anfwer to Dr. May- 
 hew," and the u Letter to Mr. Horace 
 Walpole;" which volume, together with 
 the " Fourteen Occafional Sermons,'* 
 printed by hs Grace, in 1766, and the 
 publications enumerated abeve, com- 
 plete the works of Arcnbifh^p Seeker, 
 in twelve volumes octavo. 
 
 FREDERICK CORNWALLIS, A.D. 176S. 
 
 This Hon. and Moft Rev. Prelate 
 was the 7th fon of Charles the 4th Lore 
 C to .valiis, and was born on Feb. zz, 
 1712-13, being a twin-brother with 
 E'wxid, late Lieutenant geneial, &c. 
 Being admitted of Chrifl college. Cam- 
 bridge, he took the degrees of M . A. 
 and D. D. tanquam noii/is, and was 
 chofen a Fellow of that fociety. In 
 j 740, he was prefented b) his brother 
 to the rectory .of Chelmondeflon in the 
 county of Suffolk, with which he held 
 the reftory cf Tittlefhall St. Mary, in 
 Norfolk. He was afterwards fworn in 
 one of his (late) Majeiry's Chaplains in 
 ordinary, and promoted to a Canonry of 
 Windfcrj and on Feb. S, 1749-50, he 
 
 was confecratcd Bifhop of Lichfield and 
 Coventry , on the death of Bifhop Small- 
 broke. On Feb. 8, 17 59, he married 
 Mifs Caroline Townfhend, daughter cf 
 the Hon. William Townfhend, of Ho- 
 nington in the county of Norfolk,, (a 
 fon of the late Lcrd Vifcoufit Town. 
 (henJ,) but had no iiTue. On Nov. zt, 
 I766, upon the promotion of Bifhcp 
 Hume to the fee of Salifbury, he fuc- 
 cieded him in the Deanry of St. Paul's, 
 and in 1768, on the death of ArcBbifhop 
 Seeker, he was advanced to the rheirct- 
 political fee of Canterbury. He was 
 alfo one of the Governors of the Char- 
 ter-houfe,a Vice Prefidentof St. George's 
 Hofpital, President of the Corporation 
 X for 
 
( 134 ) 
 
 for the Sons of the Clergy, aid of the 
 Society for the Propagation of the Gof- 
 pel in Foreign Parts, a Truftee of the 
 Briti/h Mufcum, and one of his Ma- 
 jefty'i molt honourable Privy Council. 
 His Crace held his vifitations of his 
 diocefe in the years 1770, 1774. 1778, 
 and 1781, and in the fecond of thefe 
 yean confecrated the church of St. An- 
 drew, in the city of Canterbury. 
 
 His Crace died, in the 71ft year of 
 hii age, at his palace at Lambeth, on 
 Wednefday March 19, 1783, between 
 nine and ten o'clock in the evening, 
 after a few days illnefi. On the Sun- 
 day preceding his diffolution, after his 
 Grace had been at morning prayers in 
 Lambeth chapel, he found his flomach 
 out of order about noon, of a retching, 
 which went off in about half an hour, 
 when he fcemed perfectly recovered. 
 He dined and fupped as ufual, and went 
 to bed to all appearance well. On Mon- 
 day morning, abi,ut five o'clock, he 
 awaked, and complained of a violent 
 head ach, and pain in his limbs — Sii 
 George Eaker, who was immediately 
 fent for, having called Dr. Heberden 
 and Dr. Halifax to his afliftance, they 
 ordered five blirters, and he was feem- 
 ingly better on Tuefday evening, which 
 gave fome hopes of his recovery ; but 
 on Wednefday morning he became deli- 
 rious, and was fo part of that day— In 
 the afternoon his fenfes returned, he 
 was perfectly compofed and calm, and 
 in the evening expired, without the 
 leaft pain or groan, to the great grief of 
 all thole who were connected or had 
 any acquaintance with his Grace. His 
 remains were interred, in the ufual form, 
 in St. Mary's church, Lambeth, at 
 tended by Dr. Beilby Porteus, Bifliop 
 of Chefter, as chief mourner j the Rev. 
 
 Dr. V)fc, Rector of the pari ft ; th* 
 Rev.jDr. Lott ; the Chaplains, Curates, 
 Sec. By his Grace's laft will, dated 
 Jan. 11, 1766, w^en he was Bifhop of 
 Litchfield and Coventry, he bequeaths, 
 after all debu and funeral expences (hall 
 be fully paid and fatisfied, all the refi-i 
 due of his ertate, of what nature or kind 
 foever, to the Hon. Mrs. Caroline Corn- 
 wallii, his widow, and appoints her bil 
 fole executrix. 
 
 There may have been Metropolitans* 
 perhaps, who have furpalTcd this Arch" 
 bifliop in the profoundnefs of their eru- 
 dition — But he had a very competent 
 mare of human learning, and what it 
 better, to the utmoft purity and benevo- 
 lence of heart, he added the moft affable 
 and engaging deportment. No Bifliop 
 was ever more refpected and beloved in 
 his diocefe, than he was in that of 
 Litchfield and Coventry. His elevation 
 made no change in the gentlenefs and 
 humility with which he borcb'xt facult'ut : 
 the fame liberality of foul diftinguiflied 
 his Grace, that had before d'gnified hit 
 Lordfhip. At Lambeth-houfe, from 
 the inftant he entered its walls, the di- 
 stinction of a feparate table for the 
 chaplains was aboliihed. — It remained 
 for an A-chbifliop of high birth to de- 
 clare, that ihey fliould be constantly 
 feated at the fame board with himfelf. 
 His table, upon public days was 
 princely. His hofpitality was as noble, 
 as his own moderation in the enjoy- 
 ment of it was exemplary. The cour- 
 tefy with which he received thofe who 
 had occafion to approach him, was not 
 the affected politenefs of a court. — It 
 was thecourtefy of religion and mora- 
 lity. — It was the evident refult of a 
 good undt-rftanding, and a confummate- 
 ly benevolent heart. 
 
 JOHN 
 
( 135 ) 
 JOHN MOORE, A. D. 17^3. 
 
 Dr. MooRr, th« prefent Archbifhop 
 of this province, fucceeded Dr. Frederick 
 Cornwallis. He was confirmed upon 
 April 26, and on the 30th of the fame 
 month, fworn of his Majefty's moft hon. 
 Privy Council. His Grace was the fon 
 of a tradefman in the city of Gloucefter, 
 and finiftied his frudies at Oxford, 
 wh're, in May 1759, he was admitted 
 Fellow of Worceiter college, on the 
 foundation inftituted by Dr. Clarke. 
 Before leaving the univerfity, he was 
 recommended to the Duke of Marlbo- 
 rough, as a proper perfon to fuperintend 
 the education of his younger brothers, 
 Lord Charles and Lord Robert Spencer, 
 In this (Uuation he acquitted himfelf fo 
 entirely to the fatisfa&ion of the noble 
 family who honoured him with their 
 patronage, that the Duke not only made 
 him his Chaplain, but by his intereft 
 he was appointed in Dec. 1761, a Pre- 
 bendary of Durham j in May 1763, a 
 Canon of Chrift Church in Oxford ; in 
 Nov. 1769, Reftor of Ryton ; in July 
 I771, Dean of Canterbury ; and in Jan. 
 1775, Biihop of Bangor, whence he wa s 
 translated to the higheft pinnacle of 
 
 church dignity. But his noble patron^ 
 in the early flags of his advancement, 
 gave him a moft affe&ing and princely 
 mark of his prefent regard, as well as a 
 pledge of his growing favour, in enabling 
 him to poffefs the objeft of his wifties, 
 by making an ample fetdement upon his 
 firft wife. On her death he married a 
 fitter of Sir John Eden, baft, his prefent 
 lady. 
 
 The peculiar propriety of the Arch_ 
 bifhop's conduft in public life, has been 
 fuch as will ever add luftre to any cha- 
 racter, nor has it been lefs amiable in 
 private. His father failing in bufineft* 
 and falling into diftrefs, the fon gene- 
 mufly allowed him, out of his ftipend as 
 a tutor, an annual fum for his fupport ; 
 this he increafed regularly every prefer- 
 ment he obtained, till his advancement 
 to the fee of Bangor, when it amounted 
 to 5C0I. per annum, which continued 
 till the old gentleman's death. An ex- 
 ample worthy the grateful heart of a 
 true Chriftian ! May he long fill the 
 exalted ftaticn in which his merits have 
 fo juftly placed him ! 
 
 LIST of 
 
 NICHOLAS WOTTON,(i) 
 
 d. l. in — 1530 
 
 Thomas Godwyn, d.d.— -1566 
 Richard Rogers, (2) d. d.— 1584 
 
 Thomas Nevil, d. d -1597 
 
 Charles Fotherby, b. d. — 1615 
 John Boys, d.d 1619 
 
 (1) AlfoDean of York. 
 
 (2) Suffragan Bifhop of Dover. 
 
 (3) Prebendary and Dejn of St. Paul's 
 
 DEANS. 
 
 George Eglionby, d. d. — 1642 
 
 Ifaac Bargrave, d. d. 162c 
 
 Thomas Turner, d. d. 1643 
 
 John Tillotfon, (3) D . D.-1672 
 
 John Sharp, (4) D . d 1689 
 
 George Hooper, ($) d. 0.-1691 
 George Stanhope, d. 0.-1703 
 
 16S9, and Archbifhop of this fee i6 9 r. 
 
 (4) Archbifhop of York 1 69 1. 
 
 (5) Biihop of Bath and WeJls 1703. 
 
 johi* 
 
( ij6 ] 
 
 Elias Sydall, (6) d. d. 1728 Brownlow North, (8) D.L.-1770 
 
 John Lynch, d. b 1733' JohnMoore. (9) d. d 1771 
 
 William Friend, d. d 1760 James Cornwallis, (o) o. l. 1775 
 
 John Potter, (7) d. a. i766IGeorge Home, d. d 1781- 
 
 (6) Bifhop of St. Davia's and Glou 
 fler 1731. 
 
 (7) Eldeft fon of Archbifhop Potter. 
 
 (8) Second fon of Francis Earl of 
 Guildford. Bifhop of Litchfield and Co 
 vcmiy 17 7 1, Worcefler 1774, and Win- 
 chester 1781. 
 
 (9) Bifhop of Bangor 1775, prefent 
 Archbiihop of Canterbury. 
 
 (o) Second foil of Charlea EarlCorn- 
 ivallis, and nephew of the late Archbi- 
 fhop of this fee. Bifhop of Litchfield 
 ind Coventry, 1781. 
 
 ARCHDEACONS. 
 
 "^ILFRED (i)in- 
 
 Beornoth 
 
 jSithclwald -- ■ 
 
 Ealftan • 
 
 -79* 
 -844 
 
 -8,-3 
 — 804 
 
 Sigfreth ■ -866 
 
 Liaving 866 
 
 WerbeaH -890 
 
 Brinflan - 1007 
 
 Haymo 
 
 Valerius 1072 
 
 Anfchetillus --- 1075 
 
 "William 1 101 
 
 John [2) - 1 115 
 
 Ancclinus (3) 1124 
 
 Helewifcis 1 1 ty 
 
 Walter (4) ,, 4 S 
 
 Roger (5) -- --1 1 54. 
 
 Thomas Becket (6) 1 1 5 5 
 
 Geoffrey Ridel (7) 
 
 Herbert (8) II?3 
 
 Robert 1 193 
 
 Henry de Caftilton j2o£ 
 
 Henry de Stanford (9) 1207 
 
 Simon Langton (o) -1227 
 
 Stephende Vicenna 1248 
 
 Ottobon(i) 1252 
 
 Stephen de Monte Luelli-- 1257 
 
 Hugh Mortimer 127! 
 
 William Middleton (2)— -127, 
 
 Robert of Yarmouth 1278 
 
 Ricliardof Feringes(3) 1299 
 
 John Langton (4) 1299 
 
 Simon of Feveriham 1305 
 
 Bernard deEyci 1313 
 
 (I) Archbiihop of this fee go;. 
 
 (2} N'epi ew \o Archbifhop Ralph, 
 and Bifliop of Rochefrer 1125. 
 
 (3) Bifliop of Rocheftet 1142. 
 
 {«) Brother to A rchbiflmp Th 
 and Bifliop of Kochelfer 1 14^. 
 
 (5) Archbiihop of York 1160 
 
 (6) Archbifhop of this fe- 1162. 
 [7 J Bifhop of Lly 1 1 73. 
 
 (8) Bifliop of SaliflMiry 1193. 
 'p) Bifhop o: P.echelrer 1226. 
 
 (0) Brother to Arc.i'oiihop Langton, 
 
 (1) A Ccv.ol':, afterwards Tope. 
 
 (2) Billiop of Norwich 1178. 
 
 (3) Archbifhop of Dublin 1299. 
 
 (4) Lord Chancellor 1293, and Bp. 
 of Chkhclter 1305, 
 
 Cuuerdus 
 
Gutterdus Labredus 
 
 Sim. Convenius or de Comi 
 John Bruiton 
 
 Raymund de Farges (5) -- 
 
 Hugh de Ergolelme 
 
 Robert Stratford (6) 
 
 Bernard Siftre- 
 
 Peter Rogers (Cardinal) -■ 
 
 William Indicis (7) •- 
 
 Henry of Wakefield 
 
 William 'Cardinal) - 
 
 Andorrm-de Rupy--_- 
 
 William of Packington--- 
 
 Adam of Mottrum--- 
 
 Richard Clifford (S); 
 
 Robert Halam (9) 
 
 John Wakcring (o) 
 
 Henry Romworth 
 
 William Chicheley (1) — 
 Profperof Columna (2) — 
 
 ( 137 ) 
 
 Thomas Chicheley, d.l.-- 
 
 nges Thomas Wittembourae 
 
 323 John Bnurchier — 
 
 William Warham 
 
 327 Edmund Cranmer (^)--t--- 
 
 3^5 Nicholas H^rpsfkld (4) 
 
 339 Edmum'. . uclt, ( ;) b. d.-- 
 
 356 Edmund Freak (6) — - 
 
 3 — William Kidman (7) 
 
 174 Charles Fotherby. (8) c r> 
 379 William Kingfley, d. d. 
 
 George Hall (9J --- -- 
 
 381 William Sancroft, (o) D. 
 390 Samuel Parker, (1) n. d. 
 
 397 John Batteley, d.d 
 
 401 Thomas Green, (2) d. d. 
 408 Thomas Bowers, (3) d.d. 
 
 416 Samuel Lifle, (4) d. d 
 
 420 Sir John Head. bart. D. d. 
 
 426 William Backhoufe, d. d. 
 
 433 
 
 448 
 
 479 
 
 4.9S 
 
 514 
 554 
 >59 
 564 
 
 5-6 
 596 
 615 
 660 
 66% 
 670 
 685 
 709 
 721 
 724 
 748 
 769 
 
 (5) Cardinal, and nephew to Pope 
 Clement V. 
 
 (6) Bro-herto Archbfbop Stratford, 
 Loid Chance.lor, and Bifhop of Chi. 
 chefter. 
 
 (7) Cardina', and nephew to Pope 
 Clement VI. 
 
 (8) Bifhop of Worcefter 1401, and 
 London 1407, 
 
 (9) Bi/hop of Salisbury 1407, and 
 Cardinal. 
 
 (0) Bifhop of Norwich 1416. 
 
 (1) Nephew to Archbifhop Chichely. 
 
 (2) Cardinal, and nephew to Pope 
 Martin 5. 
 
 (3} Brother to Archbifhop Cranme t 
 Deprived for being married. 
 
 (4) Deprived for not taking the oathl 
 to Queen Elizabeth. 
 
 (5) Bifhop of Rochefter 1579, and 
 Saiilbury 1571. 
 
 (6) Bifhop of Rochefler 1571, Nor- 
 wich 1575, and Worcefter 1584. 
 
 (7) Bifhop of Norwich 1593. 
 
 (8) Dean of this church 1618. 
 
 (9) Bifhop of Chefter 1662. 
 
 (0) Achbifhop of this fee 1677. 
 
 (1) Bifhop of Oxford 1686 
 
 (2) Bifhop of Norwich 1721, and 
 Ely 1723. 
 
 (3) Bifhop of Chichefler 1722. 
 
 (4) Bifhop of St. Afaph. J744, and 
 Norwich 1748, 
 
( 138 } 
 MEASUREMENTS ia CHRIST-CHURCH, 
 
 With Tome Additions to tint mentioned on page 3. 
 
 Feet In. 
 
 Length from eaft to weft within fide, about - - 514 o 
 
 Length of the choir ... - 180 o 
 
 Breadth of the choir before the new wainfeotting - 40 o 
 
 Breadth of the choir as now contracted - • 38 o 
 
 Circumference of the pillars which fupport the choir - 10 4 
 
 Vaulting of the choir to the pavement - - - 71 o 
 
 Length of the body to the rtept « ■» J78 o 
 
 From the firft ftep to that at ihe choir door - - 36 o 
 
 Breadth of the body between the pillars - - - a8 o 
 
 Breadth of the body with the fide ifles - - - 71 o 
 
 Breadth of the arches of the body - - • 14 o 
 
 Circumference of the pillars which fupport the body - ao o 
 
 Height of the body to the vaulted roof - - - 80 o 
 
 Length of the lower crofi ifle from north to fouth • - 124 o 
 
 Length of the upper crofs ifle from north to fouth - - 154 o 
 
 Height of the Oxford fteeple - - - - 130 o 
 
 Height of the Arundel fleejle - 100 o 
 
 Height of the fpire which flood on the Arundel fteeple » 100 o 
 
 Circumference of pillars which fupport the Oxford & Arundel ftteples 37 o 
 
 Height of the great tower, called Bell-Harry fteeple • 235 o 
 
 Number of fteps to the top leads 284 - - - 
 
 Height of the great tower within, to the vaulting - 130 o 
 
 Area of the girat tower, about - - - 35 by 35 o 
 
 Circumference of the pillars which fupport the great tower - 42 6 
 
 Height of the chapel behind the altar, to the vaulting - 58 o 
 
 Circumference of the pillars in the chapel behind the altar 6 z 
 
 Length and breadth of St. Michael's chapel - 33 by 20 o 
 
 Length and breadth of the ccapel of the Virgin Mary - 38 by 20 o 
 
 Square of the cloifters .... 134 by 134 o 
 
 Diameter of the great bell .... 5 g 
 
 Sir.ce the frfi part of this work -was printed, the following Alterations have happened. 
 
 The prefent Dean is the Rev. George Home, o. d. who was appointed in 1781, 
 in the room of the Hon. and Rev. Dr. James Cornwallis. 
 
 In 1781, Dr. John Lynch was appointed Prebendary in the room of Dr. Pal. 
 
 mer. In 1782, Dr. Richard Farmer in the room of Dr. Tatton j and Dr. Tho, 
 
 Vy.-.er in the room of Dr. Caryl. 
 
 In 1782, the Rev. John Tucker was appointed Upper Mafter of the King's 
 School, in the room of Dr. Beauvoir, and the Rev. Chriftopher Naylor was made 
 Lower Mafter in the room of Mr, Tucker. 
 
 July 1783. A P. 
 
 
( 137 ) 
 
 APPENDIX 
 
 An Account of the Burning and Rebuilding of the 
 Church of Canterbury, in the Year 1174. 
 
 Tranjlated from the Latin <?/*Gervase (i), one of the Monks, 
 an Eye-Witnefs. 
 
 IN the Year of grace H74, by the jufl but hidden council of 
 God, the church of Chrift, Canterbury, was burnt down, 
 that is, the glorious choir magnificently finifhed by the care and 
 induftry of Prior Conrad, in the 44th year of its dedication. The 
 manner of it's being burnt and rebuilt was as follows. On the 
 5th of September, about nine o'clock, the wind blowing from the 
 South with a fury almoll beyond conception, a fire broke out 
 before the church-gate, without the walls of the church-yard, by 
 which three fmall houfes were almoft burnt down. While the 
 citizens were there afTembled, and employed in extinguifhing the 
 flames, the fparks and afnes, whirled aloft by the violence of the 
 ftorm, were lodged on the church, and by the force of the wind 
 insinuating themfelves between the joints of the lead, fettled on 
 the planks which were almoft rotten. And thus, by degrees, the 
 heat iticreafing, the decayed joiils were fet on fire. After this 
 the larger rafters with their ligatures, no one feeing or regarding, 
 took fire. Beiow, the ceiling finely painted, above, the flieets 
 of lead concealed the fire that raged within. Meantime the 
 
 (1) He was one of the molt volu- 
 
 moft considerable performances of the 
 
 minous writers of this period. His 
 Chronkle of the Kings of England, 
 from A. D. 112a, to A.D. 1200, and 
 his biftory of the Archbjfhops of Can- 
 terbury, from St. Auguftine to Abp. Hu- 
 bert, who died A. D. 13c 5, are hi» two 
 
 >■£ three 
 
 kind. A ltridt attention to chronology 
 in the difpofmon of his materials, is 
 one of the chief excellencies of this 
 Hiftorian. Henry's Hift. Great Biitt 
 vol. iii. p. 4 27. 
 
( 138 ) 
 
 three fmall hcufes which had occafioned this misfortune were 
 pulled down, and the tumult of the people ^ng appealed, all 
 
 returned home. Chrilt Church alone, no one being yet apprifed 
 of it, was opprefied, as it were, with intelline flames. For the 
 rafters and their ligatures being on fire, and the flame rifing 
 even to the top of the roof, the lheets of lead, unable any lon- 
 ger to refift fo much heat, began by degrees to melt. The tem- 
 peltuous wind, then finding a freer paflage, encreafed extremely 
 the fury of the inner flames. And lo, on a fudden, the flames 
 juft appearing, there was a great cry in the church yard, " Alas ! 
 " Alas the church is on fire." Many of the laity run together 
 with the monks, draw water, brandifh axes, mount ladders, 
 eager to fuccour Chriit Church nowjullon the point of deftruc- 
 tion. They reached the roof, and behold all was filled with a 
 horrible fmoke and a fcorching flame. In defpair therefore they 
 were obliged to confult their own fafety by retiring. And now 
 the joints of the rafters and of the pegs being confumed by the 
 fire, the half-burnt timbers fell down into the choir upon the 
 feats of the monks. The joined feats therefore by the great 
 mafs of timber are fet on fire, and thus on all fides the calamity 
 is increafed, In this conflagration a wonderful or rather a mi- 
 ferable fight appeared. For that glorious choir, confumed by 
 flamep, confumed itlelf (till worfe. For the flames, increafed by 
 fuch a heap of timber to the height of fifteen cubits (2), burnt 
 the walls and efppcially the pillars of the church. Great num- 
 bers apply themielves to the ornaments of the church, and tear 
 down the palls and hangings, fome to Ileal them, others to pre- 
 serve them. The chells of relics thrown from the lofty beam 
 upon the pavement are broken, and the relics fcattered. Never- 
 theless, lelt ihey fliould be confumed by the fire, they are collected 
 and laid up by the brethren. Some there were, who, inflamed 
 with a wicked and diabolical avarice faved the goods of the church, 
 from the fire, but did not fcruple to carry them away. Thus th e 
 houfe of God, hitherto delightful like a paradife of pleafure, then 
 lay contemptible in the allies of the lie, and, reduced as it were to 
 a folitude, was expofed to the injuries of the weather. The peo- 
 ple are altcrnilhed at this forbearance of Gen, and in a manner 
 frantic for grief and anguilh, they tear their hair, they llrike their 
 heads and hands againlt the walls and pavement of the church, and 
 
 (:) A cubit is a foot and a half. 
 
 vent 
 
( *39 ) 
 
 vent fome enormous reproaches againft the Lord and his Saints 
 namely, the patrons of the church. There were alfo fome laymen as 
 well as monks, who would rather have died in the flefh than that 
 the church of God fhould fo miferably perifh. For not only the 
 choir was confumed in thefe flames, but alfo the Infirmary, with 
 St. Mary's chapel, and fome other offices of the court (3). Several 
 rich ornaments of the church were reduced to afhes. What 
 anguilh, think you, wrung the hearts of the fons of the church 
 *n fuch a tribulation ? The calamities of Canterbury, I think, were 
 no lefs lamentable than thofe of Jerufalem of old under the tears 
 and lamentations of Jeremiah. The grief and diftrefs of the fons 
 of the church were fo great, that no one, I think, can conceive, 
 relate, or write them. But in order to relieve their miferies with 
 fome little confolation, they fixed the ahar and their ftation, fuch 
 as it was, in the nave of the church, where they howled rather 
 than fung mattins and vefpers. And as the patrons of the church 
 namely, St. Dunftan and St. Elphege, remained in that folitude, 
 left they fliould be expofed ever fo little to the injuries of rain and 
 ftorms, with incredible grief and anguifn, weeping and lamenting 
 they opened the tombs of thofe faints, and drew them with their 
 coffins out of the choir, though with the utmoft labour and diffi- 
 culty, as if the faints had refifted : they placed them therefore, as 
 decently as poffible, in the nave of the church, at the altar of the 
 Holy Crofs. Thus, the children of Krael, by the hidden but jull 
 council of God, expelled from the land of promife, yea even from 
 the paradlfe of delights, that as is the people lb might be the prieft, 
 and that the ftones of the fanctuary might be thrown into the cor- 
 ners of the ltreets, remained for five years in the nave of the church 
 feparated from the people by a flight wall, in lamentation and tears. 
 Mean while the brethren alk advice how, or by what method, 
 the ruined church may be repaired, but obtain none. For the 
 pillars, weakened by the intenfe heat of the fire, falling down 
 piece meal, and fcarce able to hold together, left even the wife ft 
 deftitute of good and falutary advice. Architects, both French 
 and Englifh, were therefore affiembled : but they difagreed in their 
 opinions. For fome undertook to repair the pillars (jull mentioned) 
 without any detriment to the upper-work. While others, on the 
 contrary, affirmed that the whole church mult be taken down, if 
 the monks wiflied to dwell in fafety. This, though it was true, 
 
 (3) Now called the Green court, 
 
 T 2 over* 
 
( »4<> ) 
 
 overwhelmed them with grief. And no wonder. For the monks 
 could not hope that (o great a work could be oompleated, in their 
 time, by any human contrivance. Among the architects there was 
 one Ifilliam of Sens, a man of great abilities, a moll curious work- 
 man in wood and Hone. Neglecting the reft, him they chofe for 
 the undertaking on account of the quicknefs of his genius and his 
 good character. To him and to the providence of God the com- 
 pletion of the work was entrufted. He, rcfirling with the monks 
 feveral days, carefully furveyed both the lower and upper parts of 
 the burnt church, but concealed for fome time what he propofed, 
 that he might hurt them the lefs, pufillaniir.ous as they were. And 
 in the mean time he did not neglect to prepare by himielf and others 
 whatever was necefTary for the undertaking. But when he faw the 
 monks in fome meafure comforted, he owned that the pillars in- 
 jured by the fire, ana all the upper works, mult be taken down, if 
 the monks wifhed to have the works fafe and inimitable. Con- 
 vinced by his arguments they at length contented, defirous of his 
 promiied work, bu: efpecially of fecurity. Patiently therefore, 
 though not willingly, they agreed to take down the ruined choir. 
 Attention was given to rhe procuring ftones from abroad. He made 
 moll ingenious machines for loading and unloading ftiips, for draw- 
 ing the mortar and ftones. He delivered alfo to the mafons, who 
 were aflembled, models for cutting the ftones, and in like manner 
 he made many other preparations. The choir therefore devoted to 
 dellru&ion was taken down, and nothing more was done for the 
 whole firft year 
 
 ... In the year enfuing, that is, after the feaft of St. Bertin 
 (Sept. $.) before winter, our architect, mailer William, erected four 
 pillars, that is, two on each fide ; winter being over he placed two 
 more, that, on either fide, there might be three in a row : upon 
 which and the other wall of the ayles he neatly turned arches and 
 a vault, that is, three keys on each fide. By the key I mean the 
 whole roof, as the key placed in the middle feems to clofe and 
 ftrengthen the parts on each fide. This was the employment of the 
 fecond year. 
 
 In the third year he placed two pillars on each fide, the two laft 
 of which he decorated with marble columns, and becaufe the choir 
 and thecrofles were there to meet, he made them the principal. On 
 'hem key-ftones being placed and an arch turned, from the great 
 tower as far as the before-mentioned pillars, that is, as far as the 
 crofs, he introduced in the lower balluftrade feveral marble columns. 
 
 Above 
 
( Hi ) 
 
 Above which he made another balluftrade of different materials 
 and upper windows After that, three keys of a great arch 
 namely, from the lower to the crofTes. All which feemed to us 
 and to every one inimitable, and, in the higheft degree, praife- 
 worthy. Cheated therefore by fuch a glorious beginning, and con- 
 ceiving good hopes of the event, we took care to haften the com- 
 pletion of the work by the molt ardent defires. Thus the third 
 year ended, and the fourth began. In the fummer of which, be- 
 ginning at the crofs, he erected ten pillars, that is, five on eich 
 fide. Adorning the two firft of which, oppofite to the two others 
 with marb.e columns he made them the principal. On thofe ten 
 he placed arches and vaults. Both the bjliuftrades and the upper 
 windows being frnihed, while he was preparing his machines for 
 turning the great arch, at the beginning of the ifth year, the fcaf- 
 fold on a fudden giving way under his feet, and falling down with 
 him between the timbers and (tones, he came to the ground from 
 the height or the crown of the upper arch, which is fifty feet Being 
 grievoufly bruiied by the wood and ttones, he wa* utterly unable to 
 attend to the work. No one but himfelf received the leaft hurt. Fi- 
 ther the vengeance of God or the envy of theDevii wreaked nfelfon 
 him alone. Mafter William being thus hurt, and under the care of 
 furgeons, for fome time kept his bed in hopes of recovering his 
 ftrength, but was difappointed in thofe hopes, and could not get 
 well ; neverthelefs, as winter approached, and it was nec-fiWto 
 finilli the upper arch, he entrulted the completion of the work to a 
 certain induftrious and ingenious monk who was overfeer of the 
 rough mafoRs, which occafi med him much envy and i 1- will he 
 who was young being thus thought wifer than thofe who had more 
 riches and authority The architect, neverrhelef?, lying i n bed 
 gave orders what was firft, and what laft to be done A roof there- 
 fore was made between the four principal piilars ; at the key of 
 which roof the choir and the crofTes feem in a manner to meet. Two 
 roofs alfo, one on each lice were made before winter. But the wea- 
 ther being extremely rainy, would r.ot fairer more ro be done. Thus 
 the fourth year ended, and the fifth began. In the fame fourth year 
 there was an eel pfe of the fun, on the oth of Sept. at fix o'clock 
 before the archiccTs accident. At length, finding no benefit from 
 • the fkill and attention of his furgeons, he gave up the work and 
 crofting the fea went home to France. 
 
 Another Willi 2m t an Rngtijhman, fucceeded him in the care of 
 ihe work, a man of a diminutive itature, but in various ways ex- 
 tremely 
 
( H2 ) 
 
 tremely ingenious and honeft. In the fummer of the fifth year he 
 finiihed both the north and the fouth crofs, and turned the roof 
 which is over the high altar, which, when every thing was pre. 
 pared, could not be done the year before, on account of the rains- 
 At the eaft end alio he laid the foundation of an addition to the 
 church, as the chapel of St. Thomas was there to be new-built. 
 This place therefore was allotted to him, namely, the chapel of the 
 Holy Trinity, where he firft folemnifed mafs, where he uied to in- 
 dulge himfelf in tears and prayers, in the undercroft of which he 
 had been fo many ) ears buried, where God, through his merits* 
 wrought many miracles, where rich and poor, kings and princes 
 worshipped him, from whence the found of his praile went 
 forth into all the world. On account of the foundation Mailer 
 Willam therefore began to dig up the buryin^-place of the monks, 
 from whence he was obliged to takeout the bones of leveral holy 
 monks. Thefe carefully collected were re-interred in a large trench, 
 in the angle between the chapel and the infirmary towards the 
 fouth. The foundation therefore of the outer wall being made ex- 
 tremely ftrong of Hone and mortar, he built the wall alfo of the 
 under-croft as high as the bafes of the windows. This was the 
 bufinefs of the fifth year, and of the beginning of the fixth; but 
 the fpring of this now approaching, a"d the feafon of working 
 being at hand, the monks inflamed with a moll eager delirc took 
 care to prepare the choir, fo that they might enter it at the next 
 Eafter. The architect obferving the defue of the monks, ufed his 
 utmoft efforts to fulfil the wifhes of the Convent. He alfo built the 
 three altars of the chancel. He carefully prepared a place of reft 
 for St. Dunjian and St. Elphege. A wooden wall too for keeping 
 out the weather was placed crofs the eall end, between the lalt pil- 
 lars but one, containing three windows. They were defirous to 
 enter the choir, (though with great labour and too much halle it 
 was fcarce prepared) on Eafter- Eve. But becaufe every tiling that 
 was to be done on that fabbath-day could not, on account of that io- 
 lemnity, be fully done in a proper decent manner, it was necefiary that 
 the holy fathers our patrons, St. Dunjian and St. Elphege, the fellow 
 exiles of the monks, fhould be removed before that day iuto the 
 new choir. Prior Alan therefore taking with him nine brethren of 
 the church on whom he could rely, left there mould be any diflur- 
 bance or inconvenience, went one night to the tombs of the Saints, 
 and locking the doors of the church, gave directions to take down 
 the (hrine which furrounded them. The monks and the tervants 
 of the church, in obedience to the commands of the Prior, took 
 
 down 
 
( 143 ) 
 
 down that ftru&ure, opened the ftone coffins of thofe faints, and 
 taking out their relics, carried them into the velhy. Taking out 
 alio the veitments in which they were wrapped, by length of time 
 in great meafure decayed, they covered them with more decent 
 palls, and bound them with linen girdles. The faints thus pre- 
 pared were carried to their altars, and placed in wooden coffins in- 
 clofed in lead. The coffins alfo ftrongly bound with iron hoops, 
 were fecured in ftone tombs ioldered with molten lead (4). Queen 
 Ediva(s), who, after the fire, was placed under the altar of the 
 Holy Crofs, was in like manner carried into the veftry. Thefe 
 things were tranfatted on the Thurfday before Eafter, namely, on 
 the 17 th day of April. 
 
 Next day, when this tranflation of the faints came to the know- 
 ledge of the whole convent, they were greatly furprifed and of- 
 fended, as this was prefumptuoufly done without the concurrence 
 of the convent, for they had propoied (as was proper) to tranflate 
 thefe fathers with great and devout folemnity. They therefore 
 fummoned the Prior, and thofe who were with him, before the ve- 
 nerable Richard, Archbilhop of Canterbury, on account of the 
 injury prefumptuoufly offered to them, and to the holy patrons of 
 the church. Matters were carried to fuch a length, that both the 
 Prior, and thofe who were with him, were very near being obliged 
 to refign their offices. But by the mediation of the Archbilhop, 
 and other perfons of confequence, a proper fatisfa&ion and fub- 
 miffion being previoufly made, the convent was prevailed upon to 
 forgive them : harmcny therefore being reitored between the Prior 
 and the convent, on the holy fabbath they faid prayers in the chap- 
 ter- houfe, becaufe the flation of the monks and the altar, which 
 were in the nave of the church, were demolifhed, on account of 
 the enfuing holy feitival of Ealler. On that day, about fix o'clock, 
 the Archbilhop, in his cope and mitre, went at the head of the 
 convent, in their furplices, according to the cuftom of the church, 
 to the new altar, and having bleffed it, he with a hymn entered 
 the new choir. Coming to that part of the church which is oppo- 
 
 (4) In Henry Vllth's reign (1508) | as Gervafe here defcribes it. His fcull 
 
 520 years afcer Dunftan's death, on a I was then fet in filver, and preferved as 
 
 pretence that he lay at Glaftonbury, J a reiic. The tomb was taken down al 
 
 Archbifhop VVarham had his tomb I the reformation, 
 
 opened, and his bidv was found, juft j (5} The mother of K.in^ Eadrid. 
 
 fits 
 
( 144 ) 
 
 fire to the Martyrdom of 5/. Thomas, he took from one of the 
 monks the pyx with the euchariil, which ufed to hang over the 
 high altar, and carried it with great reverence to the high altar of 
 the new choir. Thus our Lord Jesus Christ went before us into 
 Galilee, that is, in our removal to the new church. The other 
 offices of that feflival were, as is ufual on that day, folemnly and 
 devoutly performed This being over, the mitred Prelate (landing 
 at the altar, the bells ringing, began Te Drum ; the convent with 
 great joy of heart joining in the hymn, praifed God for the bene- 
 fits conferred, wih fhouting hearts and voices, together with grate- 
 ful tears. The convent was by the flames expelled from the choir, 
 like Adam out of paradife, in the year of God's word i i 74, in the 
 month of September, on the 5th day of the month, about nine 
 o'clock. The convent remained in the nave of the church five 
 years, feven months, thirteen days. It returned into the new choir 
 in the year of grace 1 180, in the month of April, on the 19th day 
 of the month, about nine o'clock, on Eaiter Eve. It rejoices 
 therefore and exults in the Lord, who fmites his fon with his rod, 
 and delivers his foul from death; who fmites the finful, and pi- 
 oufly comforts the penient. Our architect had built without the 
 choir four altars, where the bodies of the holy Archbifhops were 
 replaced as they were of old, as has been mentioned above. At the 
 altar of St. Martin, Living, and Wilfred; at the altar of St. Stephen, 
 Athelard and Cuthbert. In the fouth crofs, at the altar of St. John, 
 Elfric, and Ethelgar ; at the altar of St. Gregory, Bregeivin, and 
 Plegemund. Queen Ediva alfo, who before the fire had lain almofl 
 in the middle of the fouth crofs in a gilt coffin, was reinterred at 
 the altar of St. Martin, under the coffin of Living. Bcfides this, 
 in the fame fummer, that is, of the 6th year, the outer wall round 
 the chapel of St. Thomas, begun before the preceding winter, was 
 built as high as the fpring of the arch. The architect had begun a 
 tower on the eall fide, as it were without the circuit of the wall, 
 whofe lower arch was finiihed before winter. The chapel too of 
 the Holy Trinity, which was mentioned above, was pulled down 
 to the ground, having hitherto remained entire, out cf reverence 
 to St. Thomas, who lay in its undercroft. The bodies alfo of the 
 faints which had lain in the upper part of it, were translated to 
 other places ; but left the remembrance of what v. as done at their 
 
 ti.uiilal.ion 
 
( MS ) 
 
 tnmflation mould be loft, an account dill be given of it. On the 
 •Sthofjoly, the altar ofthe Holy Trinity wa, broken, and of it 
 was formed an altar of St. John the apoftle. This I mention left 
 the memory of this facred ftone fll0uId ^.^ ^^ ^ ^ 
 
 , W funghis firft maf s and afterwards frequently performed 
 divine ftrvice there. The ihrines too which were built up behind 
 
 WU A T C f d0Wn ' ^ Whkh ' " U faid ' S < O^and St. 
 Wilfred had a long time Iain. Thefe faints therefore, taken uo 
 in their leaden coffins, were carried into the choir; St. Odo was 
 placed in his coffin under that of St. Dunftan, and St. Wilfred un 
 der that of St. Elpbege. Archbifhop Lanfrartc was found in a very 
 weighty meet of lead, in which he had lain from the iirft day of 
 his interment, his limbs untouched, mitred, pinned, to that hour 
 namely, hxty-ninc years and fome months. He was carried into 
 thevefuy, and replaced in his lead, till it was generally a * ree d 
 what was proper to be done with fo confiderable a father. \Vh 
 the tomb of Archbifhop Theobald, which was conftruded of mar 
 ble, was opened, and the ftone coffin was difcovered, the monk " 
 who were prefent, thinking that he was reduced to dull, ordered 
 wine and water to be brought to waft his bones ; but the up 
 ftone of the coffin being removed, he appeared perfect and ftiiF 
 adhering together by the bones and nerves, and a fmall degree of 
 ffcin and flefti. The fpeftators were furprifed, and placing him on 
 the bier, thus carried him into the veftry to Lanf>a}-.c, that the 
 convent might determine what was proper to be done with them 
 both. Mean while the ftory was divulged abroad, and many on 
 account of his unufual prefervation, ftyled him St. Theobald. He 
 was fliown to feveral who were deiirous to fed him, by whom the 
 account was transmitted to others. He was taken out of his tomb 
 his corpfe uncorrupted, his linen garments entire, in the jgth year 
 after his death. By the order of the convent he was buried before 
 the altar of 5/. Mary (6), in the nave of the church, in a leaden 
 cheft, the place which he defired in his life- time. A marble tomb 
 as there was before, was alfo placed over him. Lanfretnc, as I 
 faid above, was taken out of his coffin in the lhc-t of lead in which 
 he had lain untouched from .he day he was firft buried to that 
 hour, namely, fixty-nine years ; on which account, even his benes 
 were much decayed, and almoft all reduced to dull; for the lenoth 
 
 (6) St. Mary's altar was at the eaft end of the north ifle. 
 
 U of 
 
( H6 ) 
 
 ©f time, the moifture of the cloaths, the natural coldnefs of the 
 lead, and, above all, the tranfitory condition of mortality, had oc- 
 eafioned this decay. However, the larger bones, colleded with 
 the other duft, were reinterred in a leaden coffin at the altar of St. 
 Martin, The two Archbifhops alfo, who lay in the undercroft, 
 on the right and left of 67. Thomas, were taken up, and placed 
 for a time in leaden coffins under the altar of St. Man, in the un- 
 dercroft. The tranflations of thefe fathers being thus performed, 
 that chapel with its undercroft was pulled down to the ground. St. 
 'Thomas alone referved his tranflation till his chapel was finifhed (7). 
 For it is fitting, and reafon teaches, that the tranflation of this 
 authentic privilege ihould be very folemn and public in the world. 
 In the mean time, a wooden chapel, proper enough for the time 
 and place, was prepared over and round his tomb, without whofe 
 walls, the foundation being laid of flone and mortar, eight 
 pillars of the new undercroft, together with their capitals, 
 were finifhed. The architect prudently opened an entrance from the 
 old undercroft into the new one. With theie works the fixth year 
 ended, and the feventh ( 1 1 8 1 ) began : but before 1 purfue the bu- 
 finefs of this feventh year, I think it not improper to recapitulate 
 lb me things that have been mentioned, which through negligence 
 were forgotten, or for the fake of brevity omitted. It was faid 
 above, that, after the fire, almoft all the old choir was taken 
 down, and that it was changed into a new and more magnificent 
 form. I will now relate what was the difference. The form of 
 the pillars, both old and new, is the fame, and the thicknefs the 
 fame, but the height different ; for the new pillars are lengthened 
 almolt twelve feet. In the old capitals the workmanfhip was plain, 
 in the new the fculpture is excellent. There, was no marble co- 
 lumn, here, arc many. There, in the circuit without the choir, 
 the vaults are plain, here, they are arched and lluddod. There, 
 the wall ranged on pillars feparated the crofles from the choir, but 
 here, without any interval, the crofles, divided from the choir, 
 feem to meet in one key fixed in the midil of the great arch which 
 
 (7) This was in 1120, when this tending. The offering* that were made 
 
 pretended faint was translated from the 
 undercroft to his fhrine with great 
 pomp, the King, Archbi/hop, Sec. at- 
 
 at his fhrine, enabled the monks to re- 
 build their church with fmh nugnifi- 
 cence. 
 
 refls 
 
( 147 ) 
 
 refts on the four principal pillars. There, was a wooden deling 
 adorned with excellent painting, here, an arch neatly con/butted of 
 light fand-flone. There, was one balluftrade, here, are t^vo in the 
 choir, and one in the ifle of the church. All which will be much 
 more eafily understood by feeing than by hearing. But it fhould 
 be known, that the new building is as much higher than the old 
 as the upper windows both of the body of the choir and of i<s fide 
 exceed in height the marble arcade. But left it fhould hereafter 
 be afked, why the great breadth of the choir near the tower is fo 
 much reduced at the top of the church, I think it not improper to 
 mention the reafons. One of which is, that the two towers 
 namely, St An/elm's and St. Andrew's, formerly placed in a cir- 
 cle on each fide of the church, prevented the breadth of the choir 
 from proceeding in a ftrait line. Another reafon is, that it was 
 judicious and ufeful to place the chapel of St. Thomas at the head 
 of the church, where was the chapel of the Holy Trinity, which 
 was much narrower than the choir. The architect, therefore not 
 willing to lofe thefe towers, but not able to remove them entire 
 formed that breadth of the choir as far as the confines of thofe 
 towers in a ftrait line ; afterwards, by degrees, avoiding the towers 
 on both fides, and yet preferving, as much as poffible, the breadth 
 of that paflage which is without the choir, on account of the procef- 
 fions which were frequently to be made there, he narrowed his 
 work with a gradual obliquity, fo as neatly to contract, it over 
 againft the altar, and from thence, as far as the third pillar, to 
 reduce it to the breadth of the chapel of the Holy Trinity. After 
 that, four pillars of the fame diameter, but of a different form, 
 were placed on both fides. After them, four others were placed 
 circularly, at which the new work met. This is the fituation of 
 the pillars ; but the outer circuit of the wall, proceeding from the 
 above-mentioned towers, firft goes in a right line, then bends in 
 a curve, and thus both walls meet at the round tower, and there 
 are finifhed. All thefe things may much more clearly and more 
 agreeably be feen by the eye, than explained by fpeaking or writ- 
 ing. But they are mentioned, that the difference of the new work 
 and the old may be diftinguifhed. Let us now obferve more atten- 
 tively, what or how much work our mafons completed in this 
 fevench year after the fire. To be brief, in the feventh year, the 
 new undercroft, elegant enough, was finifhed, and upon it the 
 outer walls of the iiles, as high as the marble capitals: but the 
 
 U 2 architect 
 
( i 4 8 ) 
 
 architect neither could nor would turn the windows, on account 
 of the approaching rains, nor place the inner pillars. With this 
 the feventh year ended, and the eighth ( 1 182) began. In this eighth 
 year the architect placed eight inner pillars, and turned arches 
 and the vault with the windows circularly. He raifed alfo the 
 tower as high as the bales of the upper windows under the arch. 
 Du ing the ninth year ( 1 1 8}). the work was fufpended for want of 
 monev. In the tenth year ( 1 184), the upper windows of the tower 
 were nnifhed with the arch : upon the pillars alfo the upper and 
 lower balluflrade, with the windows and the larger arch: The 
 upper roof too, where the crofs is raifed, and the roof of the ifles, 
 as high as the lead-wot k. The tower alfo was all covered in, and 
 many other thing;, were done this year. In the fame year Baldv;in % 
 Biihop of IVcrcfjhr , was elected to prefide over the church of 
 Canter/ ury December iS, and was enthroned at Canterbury on 
 the enfuing feftivaj of St. Duvjlan, May 17. 
 
 An Elegy, written in Canterbury Cathedral. 
 
 By JOHN DUNCOMBE, M. A. 
 
 ONE OF THE SIX PREACHERS. I 778. 
 
 TTHIN thefe long-drawn iiles, where Cynthia's light 
 
 w : 
 
 From flory'd glafs receives a chequer'd hue, 
 Scenes long forgotten and involved in night, 
 
 With all their bufv actors, ftrike my view : 
 Princes and peers, whole deeds of high renown 
 
 In youthful bieafts ftill fan the martial flame; 
 Prelates, who propp'd or undermin'd the crown, 
 
 Alternate fubjects of applaufe and blame. 
 Oh ! could thefe tombs their captive dead rcllorc, 
 
 Were life rekindled in each chief and fagc, 
 Knowledge would iiTue from the vaulted floor, 
 
 Each voice a comment on th' hiitoric page. 
 Clarence a), o'erpower'd by Scotch and Gallic foes, 
 
 New light would throw on Bauge's fatal field, 
 While St raifo </(/'), !\hrton(c\, Wetton{d) would difclofe 
 
 State-councils long with fleady faith conceal'd. 
 
 (i) See p. 22. (f) Seep, 94. (c) Sec p. 103, (</J See p. 45. 
 
 With 
 
( M9 I 
 
 With melody fcarce rivall'd by the fpheres 
 
 Gibbon: (e) would animate the vocal keys ; 
 Yet, Cajauhn (f), my un harmonious ears 
 
 Thy ftrains would more attract, thy periods pleafe t 
 Though Silence now her lonely fway maintains, 
 
 Copes, crofters, cowls my mental eye furveys, 
 And ftiil in Henry's^) and in •BrexcJbUy's {/A fanes 
 
 The votive mafs refnunds, the tapers blaze: 
 Good Conrad's choir all-glorious (;') I behold, 
 
 With fb.rs befpangle.l, like the nigh ly flties : 
 Shrines, altars, images, with relics, gold. 
 
 And gems ado r n'd, in long fucceffion rife. 
 Mark well this fpot ! Triumphant here in death, 
 
 Hark ! how p-oud BeckctlJ) every faint invokes ! 
 See ! how he falls, and with his lateft breath 
 
 Infults th' aflaiiins, and defies their ftrokes ! 
 3 Till then leiilrlefs, thus fubdu'd by Rome, 
 
 In garb a penitent, a beaten Have, 
 Great Henry{m) t d\ ending a feverer doom, 
 
 Lies weeping, failing, on a rebel's grave. 
 As on that day of horror, when the Danes (n) 
 
 O'er chu ch and city dire confuf on fpread, 
 Monks, matrons, infants flaughter'd, and in chains^ 
 
 To death devoted, holy Elphege{c) led ; 
 Thofe fhrines, thofe alt a s, and beipangled fkies 
 
 Now link, now peiiih in remorfelefs fre(/i), 
 Smoke, afh.es, flanies diftraft my dazzled eyes, 
 
 And molten lead deform'- the beauteous choir. 
 With ftrength renew'd, with added beauty bled, 
 
 A choii more glorious rifes from the fl::me;, 
 Springs, like the phcenix, from her blazing neft, 
 
 'And Hill, hm?dSfns{f)j thy wondrous fkill proclaims* 
 Thither what crowds from every clime repair, 
 
 The fick in body, the difcrefs'd in mind, 
 Peers, prelates, kings, and all their weight of care, 
 
 By weightier gold affifted, leave behind ! (r) 
 O'er this new fane deilrucHon Hill impends, 
 
 Vain is all human aid, all human trult. 
 
 (e) See p. 12. (f) See p. 16. (g) See p. 6. (b^ See p. 43. (;') See p. 2. 
 
 {J) See pp. 29,87. («J See p. 87. (njSeep.i. (o)Seep.8o. (p) Seep. 147, S« 
 
 (j) See p. 140. (r) See p. 41, 48, 9. 
 
 'Till 
 
( iso ) 
 
 Till good St. Ozuen timely fuccour lends, 
 
 The flames rcpulfing by his facred duft. 
 What pomp, what fplendor Langton (s) here difplays, 
 
 WhcD Beckett bones, for ages deem'd divine, 
 From their low tomb obfequious abbots raife, 
 
 And prelates bear them to their fumptuous fhrine ! 
 On the lame fpot where Becket bled, a fcene 
 
 Of mirth and joy now rufhes on my fight, 
 While the firft Edward and his Gallic queen, 
 
 The brave and fair, in wedlock's bands unite (/). 
 See! from tlf expanding Chequer («) gates proceeds 
 
 A jocund train of votaries, young and old, 
 And at their head, yclad in palmers weeds, 
 
 If right I ween, Dan Chancer I behold. 
 *Mu!ft nodding plumes and dirges full and flow, 
 
 What tears now ftream, what fighs aflail my ear ! 
 My heart too heaves with fympathetic woe, 
 
 My tears too ftream on fable Edward's (<v) bier. 
 Nor lefs the pomp, when, freed from royal care, 
 
 Fourth Henry for that tomb(av) exchang'd his throne^ 
 Yet more the grief, as Fa/Jloff's friend was heir, 
 
 His riots only, not his glories, known. 
 Next, Holland's boaft, of every cloifter'd band 
 
 The fcourge and dread, Erafmus (x) I furvey 
 With fmiles attending to the monkifh wand, 
 
 Which points the wealth that here fequefter'd lay. 
 Now fee that hoarded wealth, a regal prize, 
 
 Seiz'd and difpers'd by Tudcr's ftern decree^), 
 And nothing left to charm our wond'ring eyes, 
 
 But marbles worn by many a holy knee (s). 
 Nor dares old Auftin, in his mafly gates 
 
 At firft confiding, vengeful power provoke, 
 But fighing yields his keys (a), nor madly waits 
 
 The mounted battery's impetuous ftroke. 
 This chair (£), that arch (c), the memory renew 
 
 (j) See p. 2. (0 See p. 69. 
 
 (u) An inn formerly in High-ftreet, Canterbury, the houfe ftill remaining. 
 
 (■* ) See p. 43. (w)Seep. 41. (*) See pp. 2, 3, 40. ftOSeep.49. 
 
 (2:) See p. 41- 
 
 (a) Thofe monks were obl'ged to deliver up their keys, by two piices of cannon 
 
 planted againft their monaftery. 
 
 (*)Seep. 42. (c) See p. 68. 
 
 Qf 
 
( i5i ) 
 
 Of NeviWs{cc) feaft and Warham y s[d) princely ftate, 
 Langtan's fam'd hall quick rifing to my view, 
 
 Where monarchs (dj grace the board, and nobles wait. 
 Where the fifth Charles and Henry in the ball, 
 
 As in the lilts, their aftive ftrength difplay, 
 And fage Eliza {dj, at good Parker's call, 
 
 Adorns his banquet on her natal day. 
 When Calvin s fons from Artois' fruitful fields 
 
 Blind Perfecution's iron hand expells(<?), 
 This foftering church maternal {helter yields 
 
 Beneath her roof, where gofpel freedom dwells 
 Beneath her fpacious roof, in rites divine 
 
 Lo ! various feels and various tongues unite ; 
 In blif ful league French, Germans, Britons join, 
 
 While hovering angels liften with delight. 
 His palace-gates old Anfiin opening wide, 
 
 Yon orient window (f) mows a nuptial train : 
 Clofe, clofe the fcene — 'tis Charles's fatal bride (g), 
 
 A new Pandora, fraught with every bane. 
 Difcord foon founds th' alarm : with clubs and Hones 
 
 Fanatic zeal each mitred faint aiTails ; 
 " Down rattling fall proud fiecket's glaiTy bones," 
 
 O'er crofs and'erofier Cu/mer's (h) pike prevails. 
 The royal donor (h), with his blooming race, 
 
 His haplefs fons, his daughters golden hair, 
 And, fam'd in ftory, WoodvilSs beauteous face, 
 
 To pity mov'd, the fierce reformers fpare. 
 The fainted pope(/), in frefco plac'd on high, 
 
 His height alone, not fandtity reprieves : 
 Font(/), organ, altar, all in ruins lie, 
 
 Defil'd by cattle, and defpoil'd by thieves : 
 By thieves, who. meanly warring with the dead, 
 
 Purloin their little rronumental price, 
 And ev'n thy iwod, black Eci-jard, long the dread 
 
 Of hoftile thoufands, raviih from thy fide [k). 
 But fee! old Aujiin's palace gates expand 
 
 Once more, to welcome a long baniih'd lord, 
 With Monck, and Law, and Freedom, hand in hand, 
 
 A fecond Charles, to royalty reltor'd. 
 
 («) Archbifl.op of Yoik. [d) See p. 69. (e) Seep. 56. (f) See p. 42, 
 
 (&) Queen Henrietta. K.Charks kept his wedding s: it. Auguftine's, 
 
 [h) See p. 30. (i) See p. 52. (*) Sf p. 44. 
 
With him reftor'd, from that pure fountain flows 
 
 Again a bleft regenerating itrcam, 
 Again that beard its living bread beflows, 
 
 And voice and hand refume their heavenly theme. 
 Here drop the veil — no nuptial wreaths, no plumes 
 
 Funereal wave, no fplendid acls fuccecd : 
 No crofier'd primate regal ihite afiumes, 
 
 No kings now vifit, and no martyrs bleed. 
 To this fmall fane (/), whofc charms he ftill admire?, 
 
 Where many a dean in folemn filence ileeps, 
 Seen by the mufc, Grafs fpirit oft retires, 
 
 And, 'mi Jit the tombs, nocturnal vigils keeps. 
 Thee too, fage Walker o'er this hallovv'd ground («)", 
 
 Though now thy labours can no more delight, 
 She lees, an airy phantom, hover round, 
 
 Exploring, as of old, each monkish rite. 
 Thus, mufing o'er the pafl, while many a fcene 
 
 Of ancient pomp, long vanifn'd, I furvey. 
 Religion, feraph-like, with radiant mien, 
 
 Flafh'd through the roof, and faid, or feem'd to fay: 
 i* What though no pilgrims tread this vaulted floor, 
 
 «« Nor royal gueils our feflive banquets grace, 
 c< Happy the martyr's relics to adore, 
 
 •« His mould'ring Ihoe, or more than human face ; 
 tl Freed from the tortures and the toys of A': 
 
 " War<, incenfe, idols, and the painter's art, 
 " Nor Jew nor Pagan to the flames we doom, 
 
 '* Nor court the fenfes, carelefs of the heart: 
 " All lhare the cup of blcfling and of praife, 
 
 " Truths, gofpel-truths, imprel '^ar ear ; 
 
 " No mitred fage Sedition's flag difpl . 
 
 " For Faith., and Hope, and Charity arc here. 
 " And though, extoll'd by lying monks, this fhrine 
 
 " It-; wealth and legendary fame has loft, 
 " Richer in wotks Wake («), Herring (;.), Secker(//) fhine, 
 
 '" And a true martyr. we in Cranmer(j) boaft." 
 
 (/)Scep. 32. 
 
 (r:) The late Rev. William Codling, author of the " Walk in and about 
 
 the City of Canterbury." 
 
 (»••) See p. 11S. (0) See p. 119. (p) See p. 132. (j) See p. ic6. 
 
 FINIS. 
 
N 
 
 D E 
 
 X. 
 
 A. ? a g e 
 
 ABBOT, Archbiftiop, his life 112 
 Agelnoth, Abp. his life - 81 
 Alfnc, Abp. his life - - 75 
 Alphage, Abp. killed by the Danes 1 
 Altar-piece, defciiption of 55 
 
 Anlelm, Abp. his chapel defcribed 49 
 
 ■ , takes down Lanfranc's choir 1 
 r , account of his life - 83 
 Archbilhops, number of buried here 5 
 . .1 1, historical catalogue oi 70 
 Archdeacons of Canterbury, lilt of 134 
 Architecture, Angle-Norman and 
 
 Saxon compared - vi 
 
 ■ , Gothic, its charactiftic vii 
 
 ■_ , general observations on iii 
 
 Armarium, its ufe and fituation - 51 
 Arms,efcutcheons of in the Cloyfter6i 
 Arundel, Abp. his life - - 99 
 
 fteeple, defcribed - 4 
 
 Athelard, Abp. his life - - 75 
 Athelm, Abp. fome account of - 76 
 Athelred, Abp. fome account of ib. 
 Athol, Countefs of, her monument 59 
 Aucher's, Sir Anth. benefaction 56 
 Auguftin, firft Arthbiiliop, his life 70 
 
 -'1, St. monastery, view of 42 
 Aula or nave of the church, defcribed 52 
 
 B. 
 
 Baldwin, Abp. bis life - - 88 
 Bancroft, Abp. bis life 
 Bargrave, Dean, infeription for - 
 Battely, Dr. John, inferiprion for 
 Becket, Arcnbp. ftones ("aid to be 
 {rained with his blood a 
 fiction ... 
 ■' 's chapel, defcription of - 
 
 •— — — — 's crown, its prefent iiate 
 -'s fhrine, defciiption of 
 
 111 
 
 36 
 20 
 
 Bell-Harry fleeple, its juft propor- 
 tion and elegance 4 
 » ■ — — —fine view of within 54 
 
 BeLs, peals of in tfois church - 4 
 Benedict, St. 3'tar of, its fituation 31 
 Berkeley, — — , infeription for - j 1 
 
 Pa 
 
 99 
 101 
 40 
 
 37 
 34 
 
 Boniface, Abp. his life 
 Bourchier, Abp his life - 
 
 , — — infciiptjon for - 
 
 — — , Archd. memorials of - 
 Boys, Dean, infeription for 
 
 , Sir John, Grotius, and Dr. 
 
 Thomas, inferiptions for 14, 15 
 
 Bradwardin, Abp. his life - - 9? 
 
 , ■ memorial of - ijq 
 
 Bregwine, Abp. fome account of 74 
 Brenchley or Neva's chapel, defcribed 6 
 Brithelm, Abp. fome account of 77 
 Brithwald, Abp. his life - 7 . 
 
 Burroughs, Wm. his benefaction 65 
 — — — > — — defignerof the altar 55 
 
 C. 
 
 Caen ftone, in repute for building iv 
 Cafaubon, Dr. Meric, fome account of 16 
 
 , infeription for - - 17 
 
 Ceolnoth, Abp. his life - -75 
 Chair, patriarchal and mecropoli- 
 
 tical, defcribed - - 42 
 Chantry of Edward the Black Prince 57 
 Ch > pel, of the V. Mary, or Dean's 3a 
 • of th eH.Trinity,crBecket's4r 
 
 ■ of St. Peter and Paul, or 
 
 St. Anfelm - - 40 
 
 of St. Michael . . 2 * 
 
 over St. Michael's - - rj 
 
 in the Undercroft - - c.7 
 
 Chapman, Dr. Tho. infeription for 30 
 Chapter or Seimon-houfe defcribed 63 
 Chicheley, Abp. his life - _ too 
 
 monumental infeription 39 
 
 Chillenden, Prior, builder of the 
 
 Chapter- houle - 6» 
 Choir, with its ornaments, defcribed 54 
 Church, St. Martin's, antiquity of 59 
 C^urch-vard, and its Gothic gate 67 
 Cierk, Rev. John, infeription for 3r 
 CWfter, defcription of the- - 60 
 Colfe, Dr. Richard, infeription for 16 
 Colligny, Odo, lingular tomb of 4S 
 Ccnrad's giorious choir defcribed a 
 
 Cwifiitoty 
 
154 
 
 INDEX. 
 
 Con fnlorv Court, where held - 52 
 
 Corbel, Wm. Abu. his life - 84 
 
 Cornwallis, Aby- his preferments 133 
 
 Courtney, Abp hit life - - 98 
 
 —. — — infeiption for - 47 
 
 Cranmef, Abp. his life and death 105 
 
 Cuihbert, Abj). hit life - - 74 
 
 D. 
 
 Dan'F, burn the cathedral and city 1 
 
 Dt n, Abp. fome account of 103 
 
 Dean .-md Chapter, a lift of the - 6 
 
 Deanry, account of the - 66 
 
 Dean's Chapel, riclcription of the 31 
 
 D^ans of Canterbury, lift of the 134 
 
 DtUS>l edit, the firft Englifh Abp. 72 
 Dugda'e, Sir Wm. on the firft ufe 
 
 of painted gtafs in England 37 
 Duncombe'n, Rev. John, elegy J49 
 
 Dui.ftan, Abp. his life - - 78 
 
 E. 
 
 Eadfin, Abp. fome account of 81 
 Edmund, Abp. hit life - - 90 
 Edward the Black Prince, his mo- 
 nument and infeription 43 
 Edyve, Queen, her benefadlion r 65 
 
 ■ , antient pi£Vure of to. 
 
 Elizabeth, Queen, entertained by 
 
 Abp. Parker - 69 
 
 Elphege, Abp. his life - - 80 
 
 Elfine, Abp. fome account of - 77 
 Erafmus's defcription of Becket's 
 
 famous flirine 2 
 
 of the veftry - - 40 
 
 ■ oftheVirg *.'ary'*cha- 
 
 pel in the Undercroft 57 
 Ernulphus, Prior, began the choir 
 
 finifhed by Conrad - 1 
 
 Ethelgar, Abp. fome account of 79 
 
 Fit?.-Jcceline,Abp. fome account of 88 
 Flcogild, Abp. fome account of - 75 
 Font, elegant, given by Bp. Warner 52 
 Fotherby, Dean, his Angular mo- 
 nument and infeription 33 
 . Mrs.Prifc. infeription for 32 
 
 Francis, Rev. John, infeription for 62 
 French Church, defcription of - 56 
 
 G. 
 
 Cervafe, a monk, fome account of J 37 
 
 Pflgt 
 Gervafe, his account of the burn- 
 ing and rebuilding of this 
 church - - 137) 
 
 Gibbons, Orlando, infeription for 29 
 Gials, ftair.ed, a< count of the re- 
 mains ot 30. 37, 42, 53, 64 
 Godfrey, Francis, infeription for 29 
 Goldftone, Prior, drains the Un- 
 dercroft - 58 
 — — — , — —- , his tomb in the 
 
 Dean's chapel 3* 
 Goftling's, Rev. Wm. Walk in and 
 
 ab-.it Canterbury referred to 39 
 Grandorge, Dr.Jihn, his benefaction 55 
 Clrecn Court, buildings in, defcribed 66 
 Gregory, Pope, antie.it painting of 51 
 Grindal, Abp. his life - - 110 
 
 Grofe, Mr. quotation from his An~ 
 
 liquifies - - iv, yiii 
 
 H. 
 
 Hales, Sir James, infeription for 
 Hall. Stephen, infeription for - 
 Hardres, account of the family of 
 Jane, infeription for 
 
 Hafted, Ann', infeription for 
 Henry II. makes rich offerings at 
 
 Becket's ihrine - 
 — — IV. and his Queen, monu- 
 ment for 
 Herring, Abp. h s :ife 
 Holcombe, Dr. Samuel, and his 
 wife, inferiptions for - 
 HolyTrinity, chapel of, defcribed 41, 49 
 Holland, Marg.ret,afterwardsCoun- 
 tefs of Aihol,her monu- 
 ment defcribed - - 21 
 Honorius, Abp fome account of 71 
 Howard, Thomas, his benefaction 56 
 Hubert Walter, Abp. his life - 88 
 
 , remark on, by K, J-hn 50 
 
 Hutiori, Abp. ins Inc. • - 120 
 
 59 
 
 4* 
 119 
 
 iS 
 
 I. 
 
 Jaenbert, Abp. See Lambert. 
 
 Iilip, Abp. bis life - - - 96 
 
 , his tomb and manner of death 53 
 
 Juftus, Abp. fome account of - 71 
 Juxon, Abp. his life - - 1 14 
 
 K. 
 
 Kemp, Abp. hi« life - 101 
 
 , his monument and infeription 50 
 
 Kent, the firft Chiiftian county - 71 
 
 KilAaiciby, Abp. his life - - ?' 
 
 K.irg'# 
 
INDEX. 
 
 >SS 
 
 Pjgc 
 King's School, its foundation and 
 
 endowment - 66 
 Knowler, Thomas, inscription for 6 i 
 
 L. 
 
 Lambert, Abp. hit life - -84 
 Lanfranc, Abp. his life - -82 
 1 -, his monument taken for 
 
 Abp. Theobald's - 48 
 
 -, rebuilds the cathedral - 1 
 
 Langham, Abp. his life - - 96 
 
 Langcon, Abp. his life - - 89 
 
 - . , his remarkable monument 26 
 Laud, Abp. his lite - - - 113 
 Laurence, Abp. fome account of 71 
 Lewis Vll. makes an offering at 
 
 Becket's fhrine - 59 
 Library, Church, description of - 64 
 Living, Abp. fome account of - 80 
 Lovelace, Wm and his wife, tomb for 53 
 
 M. 
 
 Maidftone's, Clement, account of 
 the difpofal of the 
 
 body of Henry IV. 43 
 
 Man, Simon, infcription for - 61 
 
 MealVements of the church - 3 
 
 Meliitus, Abp. fome account of - 72 
 
 Mepham, Abp. his life - - 94 
 
 ____-, his tomb defcribed - 50 
 
 Milles, Mil's Anne, infcription for 26 
 
 Mint Yard, defcription of - - 66 
 Mohun, Lady, her monument and 
 
 infcription - - "59 
 
 Morton, Abp. his life - - 103 
 
 Mofaic, beautiful piece of - . 41 
 
 N. 
 
 Nevil, family of, infcriptions for 7 
 Nixon, Mrs.Doroihy, her benefaction 5 5 
 Norman archite£ture,itschsrar!teriiticiv 
 NorthCrefs, monuments in,defcribed 29 
 ■ , great antiquity of - 52 
 
 — Ills ot the body defcribed - II 
 . — of the choir, defcribed - 37 
 Nothelm, Abp. fome account of 74 
 
 O. 
 
 Oaks, The, of the place fo called 67 
 Odo, Abp. his life - - - 77 
 
 Offord, Abp. his life - - 95 
 
 Organ, its fituation - - "55 
 Oxford fteeple, defcription of - 4 
 
 P. 
 
 Pjge 
 Paintings in this church decayed 47 
 ' , antient, in the Undercroft 57 
 Palace, remains of the, defcribed 68 
 Parker, Abp. his life - - 10S 
 
 Peckham, Abp. his life - - 91 
 
 , his antient monument 29 
 
 Pembrook Hefter, infcription for 6i 
 Perronet, Charles, infcription for 63 
 Plegmond, Abp. fome account of 76 
 Pole, Abp. his life . 107 
 
 , his monument and infcription 47 
 
 Porter, John, infcription for - 6 
 Poiter, Ahp. his life - - 118 
 
 , Dean, infcription for - 36 
 
 Prude, Win. infcription for - 23 
 Pudner, Capt. Humphry, his be- 
 nefactions to this church 42, 56 
 
 R. 
 
 Ralph, Abp. fome account of - 84. 
 Randolph, Rev. H.infciption for 20 
 Record*, Church, where depofited 40 
 Reynolds, Abp. Walter, his life 93 
 , his tomb and infcription 51 
 Richard, Abp. fome account of 87 
 Robert, Abp. fome account of - 81 
 Rogers, Dean, infcription for - 33 
 Roman architecture, fpecimens of iii 
 Roof of the Chapter-houfe, acuriofity 63 
 Rooke, Sir Ceorge, infcription for 17 
 
 S. 
 
 Sancroft, Abp. his life - - 116 
 Seeker, Abp. particulars of his life 121 
 Sellyng, Prior, glazed and beauti- 
 fied the Cioyfter - - 6 1 
 Sens, Wm.of, architect of the new 
 
 choir - - 2, 140 
 
 Seravia, Adrian, infcription for - 1 a 
 
 , — — , fome account of 13 
 
 Sheldon, Abp. his life - - 1 1 c, 
 Shorey, George, infcription for - 6i 
 Shrine, Becket's, account- of 23, 41, 49 
 Shuckford, Dr. Samuel, his bene- 
 faction ro this church 56 
 Somner, Mr. quoted iii, 37, 42, 69 
 
 . ,—. preferves the font - - 53 
 
 South Crofs,monum;nts in defcribed 16 
 
 ■ - of the choir, defcribed 49 
 
 Ifli of the body defcribed - 6 
 
 Stafford, Abp. his life - - 101 
 
 Stigand, Abp. his life - - 8r 
 
 Stratford, Aip his life - - 94 
 
 -»,—-, his monument - 50 
 
 Stunmn, 
 
156 
 
 INDEX. 
 
 Page 
 Sturman, John, infcription for - 1 1 
 Sudbury, Abp. his life - - 97 
 -, — , his monument - 50 
 Sympfon, John, infcription for - 10 
 Syricius, «bp. fome account of - 79 
 
 Table of black marble, a curious one 65 
 Tatwine, Abp. fome account of 73 
 Tenifon, Abp. hisjife - - 117 
 Theobald, Abp. his life - - 84 
 « , doubts concerning his tomb 4S 
 
 Theodore, Abp. his life - - 72 
 Thornhurft, Sir Thomas and Lady 
 
 Dorothy, infcriptions for 24 
 Throne, the Archbifhop's, defcribed 54 
 Tillotfon, Abp. his life - - 116 
 
 Trrahire founri in Bucket's ffirine 49 
 Trijbria, two in this church d< fcribed 5 1 
 '1 urner, Dean, infcription tor - 35 
 1 , Dr. John, infcription for 14 
 
 U. 
 
 Undercroft, defcription of the, - 56 
 » ■ , its high antiquity affertsd 59 
 
 W. 
 
 Walden, Abp. fome account of - 100 
 
 Walloons, Qjieen Elizabeth afligm 
 th^m ^ church in the 
 Undercroft 
 
 Walpole, Mr. Horace, his opinion 
 of Gorhic architecture 
 
 Psgt 
 
 58 
 118 
 
 Wake, Abp. his life 
 Warburton, Bp. on the architec- 
 ture of :he Goths »ii, viii 
 Warham, Abp. his life - - 104 
 
 -, his beautiful monument 30 
 
 Warner, BiOSop his benefaction - 52 
 Weddcrburn, Dr. Jss. nlcription for 35 
 Welion, Ph.Bortock, his kntfadton 56 
 Weiherfhead, Abp. his life - 90 
 
 Wlfhelm, Abp. fome account of 76 
 Whitewafh, ns prejudice to orna- 
 mental (tone-work 51, 61 
 Whitgift, Abp. his life - - no 
 Winchelfea, Abp. hi» life - - 92 
 W;ndow>, painted, in the Chapter- 
 
 houfe - -64 
 , at the weft end 
 
 of the body - 55 
 
 ■ , in the Martyrdom 30 
 
 ' ■, in the north iflc 
 
 of the choir - 37 
 Wittltfea. Abp. his life - - 97 
 Wotton, Dean, infcription for - 45 
 Wulfied, Abp. his life - - 75 
 
 THE END. 
 
Zibfo3 
 
 THE GETTY CENTER 
 LIBRARY 
 
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