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PLANS 
 
 OF 
 
 HOT-HOUSES, GREEN-HOUSES, 
 
 fyc. cyr. 
 
PLANS, 
 
 ELEVATIONS and SECTIONS, 
 
 OF 
 
 HOT-IIOUSES, GREEN-HOUSES, 
 
 AN AQUARIUM, 
 CONSERVATORIES, 
 
 &C. 
 
 RECENTLY BUILT IN DIFFERENT PARTS OF 
 JEj JV Czr JL aA. JV JED, J 
 
 FOR VARIOUS NOBLEMEN AND GENTLEMEN. 
 
 By GEORGE TO D, 
 
 SURVEYOR AND HOT-IIOUSE BUILDER. 
 
 INCLUDING 
 
 A IIOT-IIOUSE AND GREEN-HOUSE 
 
 IN 
 
 HER MAJESTY’S GARDENS AT FROGMORE. 
 
 ENGRAVED ON 27 PLATES, WITH DESCRIPTIONS TO EACH. 
 
 LONDON: 
 
 PUBLISHED BY J. TAYLOR, AT THE ARCHITECTURAL LIBRARY, 59, HIGH 110LE0RN. 
 
 1807 - 
 
r , Hensley, 1’iinter, 
 Suit Couit, fleet itreet. 
 
PREFACE. 
 
 Botany, an elegant and interesting study, has lately become a favourite pur- 
 suit among the higher classes of the community; and the attention to forcing 
 of plants, flowers, and fruits, for the table, has increased the demand for 
 Horticultural Buildings of every description. The author therefore hopes this 
 Collection of Plans now offered to the Public, will be found an acceptable 
 production, as various specimens of the different kinds are given, suitable to 
 most situations; viz. Green-houses, Houses for forcing Flowers, Roses, &c. 
 Conservatories, Pineries, Peacheries, and Vineries; also an example of an 
 Aquarium,. the only one ever built on such a construction. This Collection 
 will be particularly acceptable, as it exhibits Plans of such Houses only as 
 have been actually built; and as they are dispersed throughout different parts 
 of the kingdom, noblemen and gentlemen in their several neighbourhoods, 
 have an opportunity of appealing to the buildings themselves, and of making 
 an examination of what merits they really possess. These buildings have 
 chiefly been executed from the author’s own designs; the others from designs 
 of W. T. Aiton, Esq. His Majesty’s Gardener at Kew and Kensington. 
 
 No speculative or experimental designs are here shewn; but such only as 
 have been actually built, and which have been found to answer the purposes 
 for which they were constructed. No stronger proof can be offered for the 
 verity of this assertion, than a desire that the buildings should be inves¬ 
 tigated. 
 
 The Plans now made public have been selected from a great number, 
 which have been executed by the author, who, in the course of a long expe¬ 
 rience, both in designing and executing buildings of this description, has been 
 enabled to make many valuable improvements in their construction ; and he 
 begs leave to appeal to the noble and respectable characters whose names are 
 
6 
 
 mentioned in this work, for a corroboration of the approbation with which 
 they have been received. 
 
 Several publications and inventions have lately been submitted to the pub¬ 
 lic, purporting to suggest new improvements on Horticultural Buildings, for 
 some of which Patents have been obtained; of these, various have been found 
 impracticable in the execution, and the principles of their construction aban¬ 
 doned; and others, which have been held forth as possessing wonderful ad¬ 
 vantages in the saving of fuel, which must ever be an important object in 
 constructing such buildings, have had no such effect; on the contrary, they 
 have been found, from the few specimens that have been tried, completely to 
 fail. The author is warranted in stating these facts, from the information he 
 has collected from gardeners, who may be presumed to be the best judges for 
 appreciating the merits or demerits of such buildings. 
 
 The improvements which he has made in the construction of Hot¬ 
 houses, have chiefly been gathered in the course of a long practice in this par¬ 
 ticular kind of employment, and have arisen from practical observations of 
 his own, aided by the suggestions of many gardeners, eminent in their pro¬ 
 fession. These improvements are founded on the most simple principles, 
 unconnected with any of those complex and unintelligible schemes which 
 generally have led gentlemen who have adopted them to a great expence, and 
 yet ultimately have failed in their purpose. 
 
 An important improvement in the construction of Flues, invariably adopted 
 by the author, is, to form a void space under those flues that are built upon the 
 ground, as it prevents the damps which rise from the ground, obstructing the 
 draught, and also gives free liberty for the air heated by the bottom of the 
 flue, to ascend by the side cavities into the house. Another improvement is, 
 to have in every case a narrow space or cavity between the wall and that side 
 of the flue which is next to it, contrary to the common practice, which is, to 
 build the flues close to such walls, without any cavity; and in many cases 
 
7 
 
 part of the flue is formed in the wall itself; this mode, it is obvious to 
 every one, is of bad consequence, as a great quantity of the heated air will 
 be absorbed by the mass of brickwork to which the flue is attached. In 
 short, every flue ought to stand unconnected with any external wall of such 
 buildings as those under discussion, except where it enters from the Are. 
 No cavity ought to be left between the flue and the wall where it immediately 
 enters the building; or if a cavity is left, the heat occasioned by the fire ought 
 to be confined in the cavity, and be conveyed some distance into the house, 
 before it is suffered to escape: were it allowed to escape from the flue by 
 cavities immediately on its entering the house, that part would be overheated, 
 and a regular diffusion of the rarefied air would not take place. 
 
 Pargeting the interior of flues is also a bad practice; grouting with lime 
 and sand is preferable. 
 
 Another improvement the author adopts is, to putty the laps of the glass 
 on the roof, this prevents the admission of external air; and the laps ought 
 not to be more than three-eights of an inch; in severe frosts great expence is 
 incurred by the glass breaking, if glazed in the common way; caused chiefly 
 by the expansion of the frozen water, which occupies the space between the 
 laps; filling up these spaces with putty, is therefore preferable, or at least of 
 equal utility with leaded laps; much less expensive, and more durable. 
 
 The light and elegant appearance given by the author to his buildings, so 
 far as regards the carpenter and joiner’s work, and more especially to the 
 roofs, he would particularly recommend. The quantity of timber used in the 
 roofs of many buildings of this sort, adds much to the expence, while it pre¬ 
 vents the admission of a considerable quantity of light, and loads unnecessarily 
 the external walls. An inspection of any of his buildings will best shew the 
 pleasant and elegant manner in which they are constructed. 
 
 King’s Road, Sloane Square, 
 London. 
 
8 
 
 In order fully to demonstrate the advantages attending on the author’s 
 mode of building flues for Hot-houses, on the proper construction of 
 which so much depends, a Plate is given, which shews at large the va¬ 
 rious kinds of flues which he has found necessary to introduce in dif¬ 
 ferent situations. Plate. I. Fig. A. is a section of a flue under a pathway; 
 a cavity or space is left between the wall and the side of the flue, which is 
 formed by three bricks laid on edge; the flue is seven inches in width: an¬ 
 other cavity is formed on the other side of the flue, bounded by a wall built 
 against the ground. The top is covered with stone paving, and at interme¬ 
 diate distances, apertures are cut through the paving, to receive the cast-iron 
 fretted gratings represented by Fig'. B. which allow the heated air in the 
 cavities to escape into the house: a stone is placed in the wall, in which is 
 cut a groove to receive the gratings that are placed over the cavity next it. 
 The bottom of the flue is formed with plain tiles laid lengthways, which rest 
 on bricks placed at a proper distance cross the bottom of the flue : the inter¬ 
 mediate space between the bricks receives the damps emitted from the ground, 
 and prevents the draught of the flue from being checked, which it otherwise 
 would be, were it formed on the ground; also the heated air from the bottom 
 of the flue passes into the side cavities, and from thence into the house. 
 
 Fig. C is the section of a double flue above the ground, the bottom of 
 which is constructed in the same manner as the one already described. The 
 sides of the flue are formed with bricks laid on edge, and the flue being 
 seven inches wide, makes the whole a convenient width to be covered with 
 foot tiles; under the joints ought to be laid a piece of sheet-iron, hoop-iron, 
 or slate, to prevent the smoke penetrating through the joints of the tiles. 
 
 Fig. D is an elevation of part of a double flue above ground, in which are 
 represented the spaces under the bottom, already mentioned. 
 
 Fig. E represents the furnace, and the flue entering the house and ascend¬ 
 ing to its proper height. The top of the furnace is formed with an iron 
 plate, and also the sides. The bottom is formed with bars in the usual way, 
 to let the ashes drop into an ash-pit underneath. 
 
 Fig. F is the section of a front flue. 
 
/'/ (I / ( I .Introducin'! I 
 
 CM 0 
 
 t er >/err,/ 
 
 MY 
 
 ttr\j 
 
 /(> rr /rr ? 
 
 c 
 
 rye 
 
 jert/e, <j/tert/t tty //reel cori.t/’ittr/to?t 
 
 Fig. C. 
 
 Section of a double flue 
 
 
 London.Published Sept r 1*1806, by J. Taylor, 59. High Holborn 
 
 t 
 

 
DESCRIPTION 
 
 OP 
 
 THE PLATES. 
 
 PLATE I. 
 
 A Green-house and Exotic-house executed for IF. LINJFOOD, Esq. 
 
 AT HACKNEY, MIDDLESEX. 
 
 This House is built adjoining the dwelling, and communicates by a door 
 with the library. The plan is of a canted form, making the front incline to 
 a concave shape. The interior of the Exotic-house is occupied by a pit for 
 plunging plants; and the Green-house has a stage for the usual purpose of 
 placing plants upon. There is a level pit in the Exotic-house, bounded by a 
 brick wall, which is filled with tan to the height of two and a half feet above 
 the surface of the door. The lights on the roof are hung by weights placed 
 in apertures in the back wall. The front sashes are made to slide, to admit 
 air when required. 
 
 B 
 
10 
 
 PLATE II. 
 
 A Green-house executed for JOHN ELLIOT, Esq. 
 
 AT PIMLICO, MIDDLESEX. 
 
 This building was constructed for the purpose of preventing the prospect 
 of some offices from the dwelling house. The architectural ornaments of 
 this building, and the roof not being of glass, are points in the construction 
 not generally to be recommended; but as it was built for the purpose above 
 mentioned, the objections were overruled. There are three circular stages to 
 this house, which are made to take out at pleasure; there is a doorway at 
 each end, and the ceiling forms part of a circle, as shewn by the section. 
 This house is heated by one fire, with a flue all round under the floor. The 
 floor is paved with rubed Yorkshire stone. The columns and entablature 
 are painted and sanded in imitation of stone. The whole is finished in a 
 superior manner. 
 
 PLATE III. 
 
 A Green-house built for J. E. LIE BE NROOD, Esq. 
 
 AT PROSPECT HILL, NEAR READING, BERKS. 
 
 A single flue is sufficient for heating this house, it goes under the floor 
 round the front and ends, rises, and continues above the floor along the back 
 wall, and terminates in a chimney in the center. This house has a span roof, 
 and the center lights, which are balanced by weights, in imitation of an 
 acorn, suspended from the ridge of the roof, are made to slide, to admit air 
 from the roof. The front and ends are formed with folding casements, hung 
 so as to be taken away at pleasure; and between each is a pilaster of treillage 
 
11 
 
 work. A cast iron column at each extremity of the upper part of the roof, 
 is placed for the purpose of keeping it from spreading, as such roofs generally 
 do, unless held together by a transverse tie, which has a less pleasant appear¬ 
 ance than a column, which answers every purpose. Over the stock-hole is 
 placed a cistern, which is supplied from the roof, and occasionally from a 
 pump adjoining, with water, which is conveyed into the green-house by a 
 lead pipe, and is found very convenient for watering the plants. 
 
 PLATE IV. 
 
 A Green-house executed for GEORGE FARRANT, Esq. 
 
 ADJOINING THE DRAWING-ROOM OF HIS HOUSE IN UPPER BROOK-STREET, 
 
 LONDON. 
 
 This Green-house is constructed eleven feet above the surface of the yard 
 behind the dwelling, that the floor may be on a level with that of the draw¬ 
 ing-room, with which it communicates. The floor is formed with strong 
 timbers, on which are laid rough boarding, and on the boarding are laid foot 
 tile paving, bedded in Roman cement, to prevent the water, when watering 
 the plants, from filtering through. It has a span roof of glass; one side is 
 formed with sashes hung with weights, to slide down ; and the other side is 
 brick-work, w'hich terminates the adjoining premises. The furnace is placed 
 underneath, and the flue ascends perpendicularly till it reaches the Green¬ 
 house, when it continues round above the floor, and returns upon itself on 
 that side which is brick-work, to a chimney placed at the north-east corner 
 to discharge the smoke. There are fancy stages placed within ; and the whole 
 has a novel and pleasant appearance from the drawing-room, particularly in 
 the evening when lighted with lamps. 
 
 B 2 
 
12 
 
 P L A T E V. 
 
 A Green-house built for THOMAS CALDECOTT, Esq. 
 
 IN HIS PLEASURE-GARDEN, DARTFORD, KENT. 
 
 There is a small enclosed building at the west end, for the purpose of 
 keeping gardener’s implements, and other necessary uses, in which the stock- 
 hole is situated. It was not found convenient to raise the back wall of this 
 Green-house; and to preserve a proper pitch for the roof, a short rafter pitches 
 against the front one, which forms a kind of span roof with the back part, 
 which is much the shortest. In this manner the roof is constructed, as the 
 back wall, as before stated, could not be conveniently raised. The entrance 
 is by folding doors in the center of the front, on each side of which are 
 sliding sashes, and also to the east end. The stage is made in parts, that it 
 may be moved into the garden at pleasure. There is a treillage fixed upon 
 the back wall and west end for the purpose of training a vine, from one which 
 has been planted on the outside. There are also vines planted in the front, 
 one opposite each upright, to be trained along under each rafter inside of the 
 Green-house. 
 
 PEA T E VI. 
 
 A Green-house built for RICHARD DICKINSON, Esq. 
 
 AS AN APPROACH TO HIS HOUSE AT GOLDER’s GREEN, NEAR HENDON, 
 
 MIDDLESEX. 
 
 This Green-house is constructed with a span roof. The flue, which con¬ 
 tinues under the pathway all round, communicates from a furnace in a cellar 
 under the drawing room. The iron columns and Gothic arch prevent the 
 building from spreading; and, while they serve as supports to the roof, they 
 also add to the beauty of the approach. The floor is paved with Portland 
 stone, except the two spaces occupied by the plants; and fretted cast iron 
 plates are let into the stone at proper distances, over the cavities of the flues, 
 to admit the heated air into the house. 
 
13 
 
 P L A T E VII. 
 
 A Green-house built for the MARQUIS of BLANDFORD, 
 
 AT WHITE-KNIGHTS, NEAR READING, BERKS. 
 
 This Green-house is covered by a span roof, which is supported by co¬ 
 lumns from the center of the stage, which is formed to fall each way similar 
 to the roof. There is also a treillage shelf all round over the top of the due, 
 for the purpose of standing plants upon. The sides and ends are formed with 
 sashes, which draw downward from the top, to admit air when necessary. 
 The approach is by folding doors on the north side, to a walk formed all 
 round the Green-house. The lights on the roof are made to slide, and are 
 balanced with a lead weight made and painted in imitation of an acorn. 
 There is only one fire to this house, which is sufficient to give that degree of 
 heat to those plants for which it was cliiedy constructed ; the due goes all 
 round the house above the door, and out near the same place it came in ; and 
 as a chimney attached to this kind of building was found inconvenient, the 
 due, when it leaves the Green-house, is continued under ground a distance of 
 thirty feet, and is there carried up in an adjoining wall, so that there is no 
 appearance of any chimney to the Green-house. The stock-hole also is con¬ 
 structed underneath an exterior gravel walk, and covered with dap doors, 
 which are painted and sanded with gravel, and is thereby totally concealed. 
 
 PLATE VIII. 
 
 Tlvo Conservatories executed for JOHN JACKSON, Esq. 
 
 AT NORTH END, HAMMERSMITH, MIDDLESEX. 
 
 This building adjoins the drawing room, with which it communicates by 
 folding doors glazed. A partition of glass divides the interior into two apart¬ 
 ments ; there is one fire to each apartment, with a single flue round each; a 
 pit or bed is formed in the middle of each apartment, the surface ot which is 
 level with the walk, for planting or plunging the plants; a cistern is placed 
 underneath the pathway of the Smaller apartment for the convenience ot 
 water; and a treillage is fixed against the back wall, and also the end walls, 
 for the purpose of training creeping plants. 
 
14 
 
 PLATE IX. 
 
 A Conservatory executed or rather altered for IV. GOSLING, Esq. 
 
 ADJOINING THE DRAWING-ROOM OF HIS VILLA AT 
 ROEHAMPTON, SURREY. 
 
 This Conservatory was originally constructed with a slated roof, which 
 is found to be injurious to the growth of plants. It is made wider than 
 originally built, and a glass roof substituted in the place of the former one. 
 The flue has also been altered; it communicates from a furnace placed in an 
 area in the front, goes round under the walks, as shewn by the dotted lines 
 on the plan, and terminates in a chimney behind. The heated air escapes 
 from the cavities upwards, by means of fretted cast-iron plates, placed in dif¬ 
 ferent parts of the floor, over the cavities, for that purpose. These alterations 
 have had the desired effect, and the conservatory may now be said to be com¬ 
 plete. There is a transverse screen of treillage work under each alternate 
 rafter, for the purpose of training creeping or running plants. There is also 
 a treillage on the back wall for the same purpose. An aviary is constructed 
 in one corner, and a fountain in the middle of the conservatory, with an ar¬ 
 bour and seat immediately behind, against the back wall. The whole is 
 finished in a manner superior to most buildings of this description. 
 
 PLATE X. 
 
 A Conservatory to be executed for LORD VISCOUNT COURTENAY, 
 
 AT POWDERHAM CASTLE, DEVON. 
 
 One fire, and a single flue goes round this house; the front part above the 
 floor, the other under the pathway. A narrow border is formed along the 
 back wall, which gives growth to plants trained upon a treillage fixed against 
 the wall for that purpose, lhe front and end sashes are made to draw down 
 from the top, tor the purpose of admitting air. The top lights on the roof 
 are made to slide, and to be taken entirely off in the summer. Plants, &c. are 
 plunged or planted in the pit, which is level with the walk, and is bounded 
 by a stone border, on which are formed small Gothic arches, with wire work. 
 A small arch is formed with treillage work under each rafter, at the angle it 
 makes with the back wall. 
 
15 
 
 PLATE XL 
 
 A Pinery built for Sir JOSEPH BANKS, Bart . 
 
 AT SPRING GROVE, SMALLBURY GREEN, 
 
 MIDDLESEX. 
 
 This Pinery is heated by two fires, one at each end; there is no pathway 
 in front of the pit, which is separated from the front flue by a cavity. The 
 flue is above ground all round. The surface of the pit forms an inclination 
 nearly similar to that of the roof. Iron columns, placed on the wall of the 
 pine pit, support each alternate rafter, and arches of iron between each co¬ 
 lumn support the intermediate ones. A fruit room is formed behind the pine- 
 house, which is fitted up with shelves, drawers, and compartments for each 
 day of the week, and for placing and keeping the fruit when gathered. This 
 Pinery was designed by W. T. Aiton, Esq. 
 
 PLATE XII. 
 
 A Succession and Fruiting Pinery, built for Sir L. DARELL, Bart. 
 
 RICHMOND HILL, SURREY. 
 
 There are two fires to this house; the flue from one of which goes round 
 under the pathway of the front and ends, and returns in the same manner; 
 the other goes along the back wall, and makes two returns upon itself. A 
 partition of glass in the middle divides the two houses, and a pit tor growing 
 the pines occupies each, leaving a walk around them. The surface of the pits 
 has an inclination towards the front. The top lights of the roof, and the 
 front sashes, are made to slide. This house is built adjoining an old green¬ 
 house, with a communication to the same. This building was designed by 
 W. T. Aiton, Esq. 
 
16 
 
 PLATE XIII. 
 
 A Vinery built for the Right Hon. the EARL of COVENTRY, 
 
 AT CROOME, WORCESTERSHIRE. 
 
 The walls and flues of this building are constructed entirely upon arches, 
 in order that the vines may not be interrupted in spreading their roots. One 
 fire heats this house; coming in at one end, it goes all round, returns upon 
 itself, and out by a chimney at the other end. There is a treillage upon the 
 front and back, and all over the inside of the roof. The vines are all planted 
 inside of the house, the interior of which consists of mould suited to the 
 growth of vines; and a boarded walk leads from one entrance doorway to the 
 other. All the lights on the roof are made to slide, and to be taken entirely 
 off at pleasure : the front sashes also slide. There is a seed room behind, 
 and an apartment adjoining, in w hich is situated the stock-hole: both are 
 lighted by sky-lights. 
 
 PLATE XIV. 
 
 A Pinery built for the Right Hon. LORD HEATHFIELD, 
 
 AT SUTWELL COURT, DEVON. 
 
 This house is forty feet long, and sixteen feet wide; there are two fires 
 and a stock-hole at each end. One flue goes all round the front and ends, 
 and returns again under the pathway, and then communicates with a flue 
 which is formed in the wall which bounds the pit, into which a register is 
 fixed, that the heat may be admitted into this flue or not, as may be found 
 necessary. The flue goes under the front and end pathways, and the bottom 
 is formed with cast-iron plates, with a cavity formed underneath, that when 
 the iron plates become heated, the heat may be diffused into the other cavities, 
 and ascend into the interior of the house. There is also a double flue along 
 the back wall above the floor, which also communicates with a flue in the 
 back wall of the pit by a register at pleasure. Built from a design of W. 
 T. Aiton, Esq. 
 
17 
 
 PLATE XV. 
 
 A Hot-house, or Flower-house, built for the DUKE of BEDFORD, 
 
 AT WOBURN ABBEY, BEDFORDSHIRE. 
 
 This house is built against the end wall of the riding-house, and is con¬ 
 structed for the purpose of forcing roses, flowers, &c. A pit for that purpose, 
 which inclines from the back to the front pathway, occupies the interior of 
 the building, with a walk all round. There are two fires, which are neces¬ 
 sary to give that degree of heat which such a house requires ; they both enter 
 the house from the same end ; one goes along the back, returns upon itself 
 twice, and out in the center by a chimney against the end of the riding-house; 
 the other goes round the front, ends, and part of the back, and out by the 
 same conveyance. 
 
 P L A T E XVI. 
 
 An Aquarium built for the MARQUIS of BLAND FORD , 
 
 AT WHITE-KNIGHTS, NEAR READING, BERKS. 
 
 This building is constructed with a span roof of glass ; the sides and ends 
 are also of glass, as low down as the top of the flue. A cistern occupies the 
 interior of the house, leaving a walk round ; it is lined with lead, and filled 
 with a mixture of mud and water, proper for the reception and growth ot 
 such plants as require aqueous nourishment. A flue goes round directly under 
 the bottom of the cistern, for the purpose ot keeping the water ot a certain 
 temperature. Another flue goes round the house above ground, and termi¬ 
 nates in a chimney at the north-west corner. The bottom of the cistern, to 
 receive the lead, is formed with slates, supported by transverse bars of cast 
 iron; a bottom of wood would have been more convenient for laying the lead 
 upon, but, as the flues are so near the bottom of the cistern, danger of fire 
 was apprehended. The cistern is supplied with water by means ot a pump 
 placed at a convenient distance for that purpose. 
 
 C 
 
1 8 
 
 PLATE XVIL 
 
 A Green-house and a Hot-house executed for the Right Hon. the 
 
 EARL of CHESTERFIELD, 
 
 AT BAYLIS, BUCKS. 
 
 A flue goes round each house, and a stock-hole at the end of each, en¬ 
 closed and covered with a roof. The Hot-house is chiefly for forcing flowers. 
 A bulb border is formed along the front of both houses, five feet in width, 
 and covered with glazed lights, hung to the bottom plate of the green-house 
 and hot-house with hinges. An iron column under every other rafter, and 
 an arch between the columns, support the roof. This building was executed 
 from the design of W. T. Aiton, Esq. 
 
 PLATE XVIII. 
 
 A complete Range executed for the late JOHN ANT. RUCKER , Esq. 
 
 WANDSWORTH HILL, SURREY. 
 
 The building is divided into six houses, each forty feet in length, making 
 the whole two hundred and forty feet. The center is occupied by a fruiting 
 and succession pinery, adjoining each of which is a vinery, and a peach-house 
 at each end terminates the building. The four center houses are constructed 
 with sashes, which come as low down as the floor, hung with weights and 
 lines; and the peach-house at each end being less in width than the center 
 houses, breaks the general line of the building, and gives a better appearance 
 to the elevation of the whole. There are two doorways in the center, leading 
 to the pineries, and doors of communication from them to the adjoining 
 houses. There are two fires to each house, and the flues are so plainly shewn 
 in the plans and sections, that they require no further explanation, and are so 
 disposed as to give that degree of heat necessary to each of the respective 
 houses. The whole of the roof is supported by cast-iron columns, one under 
 every other rafter, and a cast-iron arch from each to the intermediate rafters. 
 This range was built from the designs of W. T. Aiton, Esq. 
 
19 
 
 PLATE XIX. 
 
 A Green-house and a Hot-house built in Her MAJESTY'S Garden , 
 
 AT FROGMORE, BERKSHIRE. 
 
 The hot-house is for the purpose of forcing flowers; and a partition of 
 glass divides it from the green-house. The hot-house is formed with a pit 
 filled with tan, for plunging flowers, &c. A cistern is placed under the floor 
 of the green-house, for the convenience of having water of a proper tempe¬ 
 rature tor watering the plants. There is an iron column and arches under 
 e\ery other ratter, as before described in other buildings, to support the roof. 
 This building was erected from the design of W. T. Aiton, Esq. 
 
 PLATE XX. 
 
 A Range of Houses built for LORD IIEATHFIELD, 
 
 AT NUTWELL COURT, DEVON. 
 
 A green-house is placed in the center, and a peach-house at each end, 
 making one hundred and twenty-nine feet. The green-house is more elevated 
 than the peach-houses, and is as much wider as to admit of a doorway at each 
 end in front of the peach-houses. There are two fires to each of the houses. 
 In the center of the stage in the green-house is formed a recess or niche, 
 covered with treillage work, and also a checquered treillage on the back wall 
 wdth a border where vines are planted, to cover the treillage. There is a 
 cistern placed under the stage, lined with lead, to supply the houses with 
 water proper for the plants. There is also a treillage on the back wall of the 
 peach-houses, for the trained peaches, nectarines, &c. and in the front pits 
 the dwarf standards are trained horizontally. Behind the building is con- 
 
 C 2 
 
 « 
 
20 
 
 structed a range of offices; namely, a fruit-room in the center, conveniently 
 fitted with drawers, shelves, &c. with a communication to a pit underneath 
 for keeping roots, such as potatoes, carrots, &c. On one side of the fruit-room 
 is a gardener’s room; and on the other side a room for containing the lights 
 of the peacheries when they are taken off the houses; and adjoining them at 
 each end is an open shed, which completes the whole. These buildings were 
 also designed by W. T. Aiton, Esq. 
 
 PLATE XXI. 
 
 A Green-house in the center, and a Peach-house at each end, Vuilt for 
 
 LADY JENNINGS CLARKE, 
 
 AT HOLLY GROVE, WINDSOR FOREST, BERKS. 
 
 The green-house is circular on the front, and a three-quarter column 
 stands between each window. The roof is of a domical shape, and is covered 
 with oil cloth; one flue goes round under the floor, and there are two fires 
 to each of the peach-houses. The domical roof of the green-house, and the 
 depth of the entablature over the columns, may be objectionable to many 
 professional gardeners, as preventing the admission of a considerable quantity 
 of light to the plants; and a considerable shade upon the adjoining houses. 
 It is found from experience, that those green-houses which have glass roofs, 
 answer infinitely better than those whose roofs are covered with slates, or other 
 materials that prevent the admission of light. Lady Jennings was desirous 
 the building should assume an architectural appearance; but buildings of 
 this kind are certainly best, when divested of such ornaments, yet, as there 
 is so large a quantity of light admitted through the front of this green-house, 
 these objections may have less weight in this case. This building was also 
 designed by W. T. Aiton, Esq. 
 
21 
 
 PLATE XXII. 
 
 A Peach-house, Green-house, and Pinery, executed for the Hon. 
 
 CHAMPION DYMOKE. 
 
 AT SCRIVELSBY, LINCOLNSHIRE. 
 
 The green-house is in the center, and is two feet wider than the pinery 
 and peachery which join it. There are two fires to the pinery, and also to 
 the peachery, and one fire to the green-house. There is a treillage along the 
 whole of the back wall, except that of the pinery. The trees in the pit of 
 the peach-house are trained horizontally on a treillage formed for that pur¬ 
 pose. 
 
 PLATE XXIII. 
 
 A Green-house and Rosery built for the EARL of UPPER OSSORY, 
 
 AT AMPTHILL PARK, BEDFORDSHIRE. 
 
 The hot-house has a level pit filled with tan, for the purpose of forcing 
 roses or other flowers, and is divided from the green-house by a partition of 
 glass, and doors of communication from one to the other. This building is 
 constructed with a span roof, with sashes and glass all round as low down as 
 the top of the flues. The situation and course of the dues are sufficiently 
 explained by the plans and sections. A moveable wooden chimney, lined 
 with sheet iron, is placed over the stock-hole, to discharge the smoke from 
 the dues, which is made to be taken away in summer w hen fires are not 
 wanted. A screen of cast-iron columns and arches are placed along the cen¬ 
 ter of the house, to support the roof. 
 
PLATE XXIV. 
 
 Two Pineries, and a Peach-house in the center, built for 
 THOMAS PORTER, Esq. 
 
 AT ROCKBEAR HOUSE, DEVONSHIRE. 
 
 There is one fire to each of the three houses. The fiues of the pineries 
 are under the pathway of the front and ends, and make each two returns on 
 the back wall above the floor; that of the peach-house goes all round above 
 ground, and makes two returns on the back wall. There is a pit in this 
 house, bounded by a dwarf wall, in which the peach trees are planted and 
 trained on an inclining treillage: there is also a treillage on the back wall for 
 training nectarines, peaches, &c. The entrance from the garden to the peach- 
 house is in the center, and that to the pineries at each end. There are steps 
 up from the peach-house to the pineries, as the floor of the peach-house is 
 lower than the back part of that of the pineries, which is raised for the pur¬ 
 pose of giving an inclination to the pine pit, nearly similar to the roof. 
 
 PLATE XXV. 
 
 A Succession and Fruiting Pinery, to which has recently been added 
 an Orangery or Conservatory for J. 1FALKER, Esq. 
 
 AT TEDDINGTON GROVE, MIDDLESEX. 
 
 There are two fires to the fruiting, and one to the succession-house. The 
 flues go along underneath the pathway to the front and ends. The orangery 
 is formed with a pit in the interior, for the purpose of planting the orange 
 trees. A single flue goes round this house, which is sufficient to give that 
 degree of heat which such a house requires. 
 
PLATE XXVI. 
 
 A Peach-house and Green-house built for the Rev. PRIMATT KNAPP, 
 
 AT SHENLY END, BUCKS. 
 
 In front of the peach-house is a treillage for training the peach and nec¬ 
 tarine trees, assuming a convex form to the roof: the stage for the green-house 
 plants assumes the like shape. There is one fire to each of the houses; the 
 course of the flues is shewn by the plans and sections: along the back wall 
 of the green-house is formed a narrow pit for the growth of creeping plants, 
 which are trained upon a treillage on the wall for that purpose. 
 
 THE END. 
 
 T. Bcnsley, Printer, 
 
 Bolt Court, Fleet Street, London. 
 

/. ibrar > 
 
 London. Vulthshcd Sep r jiboO. hr J. Tor/or. 59. Httjh Hoiborn 
 
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 London, 7‘ublistird Sep !j *T / 1806. bv J Tarlcr, 59 , High Ho Worn . 
 
 

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 London, Published Sept' l* itfoo. by J Taylor 59 Ru/h Roiborn 
 
 
 
 
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 Pc-ac/r house 
 
 WaUc 
 
 Walk 
 
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 Pit far . J tandard Cherries Sc 
 
 40 beet 
 
 Pit for Standard Cherries Sec. 
 
 Vinery 
 
 — — Extreme, length - 
 
 I So \9° 
 
 zoo Feet 
 
 Scale for Plan 
 
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 Zondon. Published Scpt^lSoC, by J. Taylor 59Ttiy/ v j& u 
 

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 Scale for Sections 
 
 fZZZZl 
 
 Gardeners 
 
 room 
 
 lumber 
 
 room 
 
 Fruit room 
 
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 Fit for Feachcs Sc Fleet 
 
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Peach house 
 
 Teach house 
 
 Green house 
 
 diorder © 
 
 Tit for trau u l Teaches k Nectarines 
 
 Tit tor traind Teaches X' Nectarine* 
 
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 Executed for 
 
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 London. Published Sc/d ' r vf idoG In J Parlor, \t). ///<•/// Uolborn 
 
Plate 22. 
 
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Walk 
 
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 Tit for forcing Roses 
 
 Stage and, flue underneath 
 
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 W8BSSB! 
 
 Plate 
 
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 London 'Tublished Sept r A j boo by J .Taylor 56 Sigh Ifolbom . 
 
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V V 
 
 Piute 20. 
 
 IFiBMH OlAB©IlRTo 
 
 J7076716 IV^JL T7EM a Esq v 
 
 f / es/s// / v y7m ' 
 
 MuMr 
 
 Scale Tor Sections . 
 
 to Feet 
 
 67, 
 
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 : - — - - - finer nmlar faltnmv - 
 
 
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 London. Published Sept6ifSi8o6.bv ./. Taylor, 5 /y Uo/h fiolborn 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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PI ate 'O', 
 
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 Sucks. 
 
 
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 London , t'nhUshai Sept 1 !t** ifioO , by J. Taylor lliqh lJolbom . 
 

A LIST OF BOOKS 
 
 ON THE VARIOUS BRANCHES OF 
 
 architecture and building , 
 
 PUBLISHED BY 
 
 J. TAYLOR, at the Architectural Library, 
 
 No. 59, 
 
 HIGH HOLBORN, LONDON . 
 
 DOMESTIC and ORNAMENTAL ARCHITECTURE. 
 
 1. OKETCHES for Cottages, Rural Dwellings and Villas, com- 
 lO posed in the ancient English, the Grecian and the Roman 
 Styles, with Plans and Descriptions ; to which are prefixed some 
 critical Observations on Character, Scenery, and Situation pro¬ 
 per for such Buildings, particularly as appropriate to Castles, 
 Abbies, old English Houses, &c. with Practical Remarks on the 
 Execution of Buildings in general, and the most general Causes 
 of the Dry Rot. By W. F. Pocock, Architect. Elegantly 
 engraved on 33 Plates, Royal Quarto, Price ll. lis. 6d. in 
 Boards. 
 
 2. Sketches in Architecture, consisting of original Designs for Cot¬ 
 
 tages and Rural Dwellings, suitable to Persons of moderate For¬ 
 tune, and for convenient Retirement; with Plans and appropri¬ 
 ate Scenery to each; also some general Observations. By 
 T. D. W. Dearn, Architect to his Royal Highness the Duke of 
 Clarence. Elegantly engraved on 20 Plates, large Quarto, Price 
 ll. 7s. in Boards. 
 
 3. Plans, Elevations and Sections of Hot-IIouses, Green-Houses, 
 an Aquarium, Conservatories, &c. recently built in different 
 Parts of England, for various Noblemen and Gentlemen. By 
 G. Tod, Surveyor and Hot House Builder. Including a Hot 
 House and a Green House in her Majesty’s Gardens at Frogmore. 
 On 27 Plates, elegantly coloured, with proper Descriptions, 
 (Folio.) 2l. 12s. fid. in Boards. 
 
 4. Lugdr's Country Gentleman's Architect, containing a Variety 
 
 of Designs for Farm Houses and Farm Yards of Different Mag¬ 
 nitudes, arranged on the most approved Principles for Arable, 
 Grazing, Feeding and Dairy Farms, with Plans and Sections, 
 shewing at large the Construction, of Cottages, Barns, Stables, 
 Feeding Houses, Dairies, Brewhouse, &e. with Plans for Stables 
 and Dog-kennels, and some Designs for Labourers Cottages and 
 small Villas. The whole adapted to the Use of Country Gen¬ 
 tlemen about to build or to alter. On 2 1 Plates, with full Ex¬ 
 planations to each. Quarto, ll. 5s. in Boards. 
 
Books published by J. TAYLOR., High Holborh. 
 
 5. Lugar's Architectural Sketches, for Cottages, Rural Dwellings 
 
 and Villas; with Plans, suitable to Persons of genteel Life and 
 moderate Fortune; preceded by some Observations on Scenery 
 and Character. On 38 Plates, Quarto. Boards 11 . 1 Is. 6d.— 
 The same elegantly coloured, 2l. 12s. 6d. 
 
 6. Randall's Designs for Villas, Casinos, Mansions, Lodges, and 
 
 Cottages, in the Grecian, Gothic and Castle Styles; engraved 
 
 in Aquatinta, on 34 Plates, large Quarto, 2l. 12s. 6d.-The 
 
 same on Imperial Folio Paper, 3l. 13s. Gd. 
 
 7. Gg ford's Designator Small Picturesque Cottages, Hunting Boxes, 
 
 Park Entrances, ike. Part I. On 20 Plates, Quarto. ll. Is. 
 Boards; or elegantly coloured, 2l. 2s. 
 
 8. Gy ford's Designs for Elegant Cottages, and small Villas, in Per¬ 
 
 spective, with General Estimates. Part II. on 26 Plates, Quarto, 
 
 ll. 1 Is. 6d. Boards. 
 
 The same elegantly coloured. 2l. 12s. 6d. 
 
 9. Flaw's Sketches for Country Houses, Till as, and Rural Dwell¬ 
 
 ings; calculated for Persons of moderate Income, and for com¬ 
 fortable Retirement. Also some Designs for Cottages, which 
 may be constructed of the simplest Materials; with Plans and 
 general Estimates. On 42 Plates, Quarto, ll. I Is. 6d. in Boards. 
 The same elegantly coloured, 2l. 12s. 6d. 
 
 10. Flaw's Ferine Or nee, or Rural Improvements, a Series of De¬ 
 
 signs, suited to Parks, Plantations, Rides, Walks, Rivers, 
 Farms, &c. consisting of Fences, Paddock Flouse, a Bath, 
 Dog kennels, Pavilions, Farm yards, Fishing-houses, Sporting- 
 Boxes, Shooting-lodges, Single and Double Cottages, &c. cal¬ 
 cinated for Landscape and Picturesque F.il’ects. On 38 Plates, 
 with appropriate Scenery, Plans, and Explanations. Quarto. 
 In Boards, ll. 1 Is. 6d. 
 
 11. Flaw's Rural Architecture, or Designs from the simple Cottage 
 
 to the decorated Villa, including some which have been exe¬ 
 cuted. On 62 Plates, with Scenery, Half Bound, 2l. 2s. 
 
 12. Laing's Hints for Dwellings, consisting of Original Designs for 
 
 Cottages, Fann-houses, Villas, &c. plain and ornamental; in¬ 
 cluding some Designs for Town -ho uses. On 34 Plates, Quarto, 
 ll. 5s. in Boards. 
 
 13. Soane's Sketches for Cottages, Villas, l£c. with their Plans and 
 appropriate Scenery; to which is added six Designs tor improv¬ 
 ing and embellishing Grounds, with Explanations. On 54 
 Plates. Folio. 2l. 12s. Od. half bound. 
 
 14. Soane’s Flans, Elevations, and Sections of Buildings, executed 
 
 in the Counties of Norfolk, Suffolk, Yorkshire, Wiltshire, War¬ 
 wickshire, Staffordshire, Somersetshire, &c. On 47 Folio 
 Plates. 2l. 12s. Gd. 
 
 15. Flans, Elevations and Sections of Noblemen’s and Gentlemen’s 
 
 Houses, Stabling, Bridges, &c. By James Fame , Architect 
 2 Vols. 176 large Folio Plates. 6l. 16s. Gd. half bound. 
 
Bocks pvblisiied by j. TAYLOR , High Holbors. 
 
 • C. An Essay on British Cottage Architecture , exemplified by 
 fourteen Designs, with their Plans, &c. on 23 Plates. By James 
 Malton. Quarto, Boards, J1. Its. 6d. The same elegantly 
 coloured, 2l. 12s 6d. 
 
 17. Miller's Designs for Cottages, Farm-houses, Country-houses, 
 
 Lodges for Park Entrances, and wooden Gates, with Plans of 
 the Offices. On 32 Quarto Plates. Sewed, 10s. 6d. 
 
 18. A Series of Plans, for Cottages or Habitations for the Labourer. 
 
 To which is added, an Introduction, containing many useful 
 Observations on this Class of Building, tending to the Comfort 
 of the Poor, and Advantage of the Builder; with Calculations 
 of Expences. By the late Mr. J. Wood , of Bath. 30 Plates, 
 large Quarto, ll. Is 
 
 19. Crunden's Convenient and Ornamental Architecture Original 
 
 Designs; calculated both for Town and Country. On 70 Cop¬ 
 per-plates, 16s. Boards. 
 
 20. Middleton's Architect and Builder's Miscellany. Designs for 
 
 Country and Town Houses, 'Temples, Bridges, Lodges and 
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