• C isu t > ! (\ a 3 ~r) i # if $ 3*J • '- ll tm wVii Tovnt b'/dr EX tony QtiH.y jf KfarkoU 'Viv.Un i»» wi- ll, mov S^Bf Mali rary R oad £oKin^ Her chant* t’ojLusojs &» Ujj : ^ of tlie^ Pnrxoy «r ST SbruKcug Mf.vth H o i 1 I HIS EXCELLENCY CHARLES, EAE1L WHITWORTH, improvements in the City have been rigidly attend- ed to, and several new views given that have never appeared before, of buildings scarcely finished. Dublin yields in extent, but not in architectural beauties to London, and though the curiosities art* not so numerous, yet there are some scarcely equaled in any other City. The multiplicity of objects this work embrace^ renders it necessary, to treat principally of those that are most interesting ; and as it is almost im- posible to avoid some omissions and errors, in so complicated a work-Correclions and Information of every kind will be gratefully received and at* tended to, in the next edition. CHAP. I. introductory History, - 1 Origin of Dublin, and Etymology of its Name 2 Original Site of Dublin - 4 — Buildings of Dublin - 5 — Inhabitants of Dublin - - 6 Extent of Dublin in the 10 th and 12 th Centuries $ Ancient Walls, Towers and Castles - 9 — Suburbs of Dublin - 14 Nunneries, Priories, Abbies, &c. &c. 1G State of Dublin under the Danes - -21 Its State from the Arrival of the English, &c. &c. 25 Arrival of Henry II. in Dublin, &c. &e. - 29 Henry 1 1. First Charter to the City - 30 State of Dublin from Henry II. to Edward II. 31 ■ ■ - - - -- — during Edward 1 1. & Edward III. — ■■■■ ■ ■ from Edward III. to Henry V. 34 ■ from Henry IV. to Henry VIII. 35 — . ■■ during the Reign of Henry VIII. 3 $ from Henry VIII. to James II 38 i ,—— , , .. under James II. - 39 since the Revolution - 42 Its Military Government - - 44 . Ecclesiastical History - - 45 The Several Plagues - - 4G CHAP. II. General Description of Dublin Civil Government of Dublin The Lord Mayor ^Board of Aldermen Common Council Police Offices and Magistrates Caution to Strangers Population Diseases and Mortality Salubrity of Climate Consumption of Provisions Animal Food Markets .. Consumption of Coals - - 4S - 51 • ib , - 52 - 53 - 55 - 57 - 59 • fk - Cl - G2 - C3 if 6$ CONTENTS. CHAP* HE Bank of Ireland — Cash OfHce » Bullion Office - —Court of Proprietors, or late House of Lords ■Discount Office - •Directors' Room — Secretary’s and Silver Safe - ■Runners’ Office •Establishment « Dublin Castle — — Chapel Trinity College ■Museum 67 70 72 73 74 ib, 7 5 76 ib. 68 85 85 - Theatre 91 ——..Refectory -^—Library 9m m am 4 W 92 ib • — — Anatomy House - 9m mm 94 — — Park Provost’s House 99 V J 97 Number of Fellows 99 M* i( K Royal Exchange m 98 Com me rc m 1 B uild i ngs m 103 Custom House Ml •» 104 General Post Office 108 Packets 99 111 Penny Post Office - 112 Four Courts - mm 314 Dublin Society House G *» 108 i/ View of the Four Courts and Richmond Bridge - 114 View of St. George’s Church - - 156 nmir s .S'tTrf t 2 )ftmC Jir u/ru < /? yAiv/w < SKMW*< Tsunts iL W £ RrtrffS ' a» _ il 7/*/#' Jprrers S'Puhtcks /'/•ttPtJl Ch*tr the place ot the black harbour, or the lake of the sea, Dublin being frequently so called. The north side of the city has been also known by the name ot Fiugal, a district of which along the coast still bears the same appellation. It was probably called lingal, or the land of strangers , on its being first in- . vaded by the Danes. By the Fingalians, many of whom inhabited the north side, it was called Divelin, and by the Welch Dinas-Dulin , or the City of Dublin . The harbour of Dublin has also been known by several names. It was called Lean Cliath, from Lean or Learn , a harbour, and Cliath or Cliabh , a hurdle, or any thing made of wicker work. It might also have been called, to signify the esta- blishment of a fishery, as any river or bay wherein weirs formed with hurdles were fixed, had the name of Cliath or Cliabh annexed to it, to signify the establishment of a fishery. Dublin, therefore, being situated near the harbour, was also sometimes called Balla-lean-Cliath , or the town on the f thing harbour . ORIGINAL SITE OF DUBLIN. Most, if not all Antiquaries, agree, that the first site of Dublin was on the south side of the river, on the hill on which the castle is erected. ORIGINAL BUILDINGS. 5 Where Crampton Court now stands, an arm of the Liffey formed a junction. with the Poddle, which overflowing part of Bride’s-street, was bounded by the rising ground at the rere of Little Ship-street, and ran through the Castle-yard, there is no au« thentic account of the north side of the river being inhabited for a considerable time after. ORIGINAL BUILDINGS OF DUBLIN. The original buildings of Dublin, like those ca- bins that now exist in most parts of the interior of the country, were mean and contemptible. They were erected of wattles, daubed over with clay to keep out the cold, and covered with rushesor straw. The Danes who fortified the city, applied their labour to make it defensible and not ornamental, for it could not be expected that a people engaged in perpetual wars, and ready to make room for the first powerful invader, attended to the formation of either elegant or comfortable habitations. The blessings of peace and the protection of wholesome laws are alone calculated to encourage the erection of solid and beneficial settlements. In the year 1 17 2 , when Henry II. obtained the surrender of Dublin, the buildings were of such construction, that he, either of necessity, or in compliance to the fashion of the country, erected a royal palace with smooth wattles, with so much ta?ie, that it claimed general admiration. This A 3 >■* o ORIGINAL INHABITANTS* pavilion was built near the site of where St. An- drew's church once stood, and where also Castle- market, till of late, on the south side of Dame- street, between the lower Castle gate or Palace- street and George's-street. In this mansion his ma- jesty entertained several Irish princes whosubmitted to him, and he with them kept the feast of Christ- mas, in as great state as the place would allow. There was then, no other building capable of con- taining his retinue. Its form appears to have been that of a long cabin, which being well furnished with plate, household stuff and good cheer, made a better appearance than ever had been seen before in Ireland. Here Henry held a parliament in 1 173, and granted his first charter to Dublin, by which he encouraged a colony from Bristol to settle in the city. ORIGINAL INHABITANTS OF DUBLIN. Who were the original inhabitants of Dublin ap- pears as uncertain and obscure as the time in which it was built. The various accounts left on record, like most of other nations, are full of uncertainties, there being so many fables blended with truth, that it is hard to separate them ; and to attempt to reconcile the various opinions of writers on this subject would be an insuperable task. It has been stated, that the Blcinii, Eblani or JDeblani, inhabited the tract of country, now in- cluded in the county, and county of the city of ORIGINAL INHABITANTS. 7 Dublin, and a considerable part of the county of Meath. It is probable, they were the ancient na- tives. and who either gave the name of Eblana to the city, or took their name from their situation in or near it, but from what country this colony came is not clearly ascertained. The original inhabitants of Ireland are generally supposed to have come from different nations, and at different periods. The visible distinction be- tween the people of the Western coast, and those on the Northern and Eastern, with other circumstances are sufficient to confirm this opinion. But from whatever country the first inhabitants of Dublin originally came, it is likely that they were of the same race of people as the ancient Britons. The similarity of their language, and the close con- nexion and affinity we discover, between the cus- toms of both people, are arguments in favour of this supposition. It cannot, however, be denied, but other colo- nies might have arrived here, from more remote parts, at different times, as the Milesians from Spain. That the Danes, under the denomination of Ostmen or Easterlings, if they did not build, did at least fortify the city and inhabit it, is evi- dent, but at what time is not so clearly proved Some affirm that they founded it about or before the incarnation, whilst others transfer that event to the 9th century. But as the fact is left uni If. termined in history, we can only conjecture* 8 ANCIENT EXTENT, It seems, however, reasonable to suppose, that Dublin was built and inhabited, first by the Irish, as a village or small fishing town; but that the Welsh and Ostrnen, at different periods, finding its situation commodious for trade, made a settle- ment for that purpose. EXTENT OF DUBLIN IN THE TENTH AND TWELFTH CENTURIES. The extent of the city, after the Danes are said to have enclosed it with walls, was not, at the most, an Irish mile. It was bounded by a wall that extended from East to West, from near where the Castle-gate now stands, to the West of the QueeiFs-bridge ; and from North to South, by the banks of the river, to the West end of Cook- street, from whence it was continued to the lower end of Nicholas-street, along to the rear of Little Ship-street, to the Castle. Many of the ancient streets have been totally annihilated, and others changed, so that it is diffi- cult to say where some of them stood. So late as the year 1535 , there was a small harbour near Cork-hill, where Archbishop Alan embarked, with intent to sail to England; and Essex-street, Crane-lane, Temple-bar, and Fleet-street, were & strand. ANCIENT WALLS, CASTLES, &C, £> ANCIENT WALLS, CASTLES, TOWERS AND GATES. It is generally admitted that the walls and forti- fications, round Dublin, were built by the Danes ; but we cannot suppose, that such a rude and bar- barous people (as they appear then to have been) could be entitled to that merit which is frequent- ly bestowed on them. It is however evident, that if they did not build the walls they repaired them, so as to enable them to stand against several powerful attacks. These walls are, for the most part, either destroyed or built upon, so that little of them are now to he seen ; yet some remnants of them are visible in several places. In the rear of HoeyVcourt, and Little Ship-street, the greatest part of the ancient walls that now' remain together are to be seen. It is in one part more than 100 feet in length, and 20 in depth. A remnant also is yet visible in a carpenter’s yard, now belonging to a Mr. Cody, in the City-market, Blackball row, at the rear ol the site where the Roman Catholic College was erected in Back-lane, in 1629, but was closed in J 632. Near the Castle-gate, in Great Ship-street, an- ciently called Sheep-street, on the West side, stood till within a few years, an antique round tower, of w hich there are several similar ones in different parts of the kingdom, and which ar« JO ANCIENT WALLS, CASTLES, &C. peculiar to Ireland. The most complete, now standing, are at Swords, Roscieaand Kildare* The one in Ship-street was the only one in the metropolis, it remained intolerable repair till the year 1781, when it was demolished to make room for other buildings. From the best authenticated accounts left on record, it appears that the ancient walls extended East, to the North or Stone tower of the Castle, near DameVgate, which stood at the end of Pames-street, on the rising ground of Cork-hill. Dames-gate, or the Eastern-gate, took its name from a church erected near it, inside of the walls, called the Church of St. Mary les Dames. In a nich of stone work, over the gate, was an image of the Virgin Mary, which remained till the refor- mation. From this gate the present Dame-street derives its name. It was built like a tower, and was the narrowest entrance into the citv. From Dames-gate it extended to Newman’s tower, by some called Buttevant’s-tower, on the bank of the river, a little west of the present Ji-ssex- bridge. At a small distance it was annexed to another tower, called Case’s-tower, which stood at the foot of Essex-bridge ; the remains of the foun- dation of this tower were taken away when that bridge was rebuilt. At Essex- gate stood another tower, called Isod’s- iower, which was taken down in lb75, to maKC 11 ANCIENT WALLS, CASTLES, &C. room for the erection of a new gate in the wah> This being done when Arthur, Earl of Essex, was Lord Lieutenant, the gate, the street and the bridge, which was begun the following year, w r ere called after his name. Another tower stood in the mid- dle of Parliament-street, and was pulled down when that street was opened. From Cases-tower, the w r all was continued West- ward to the end of Fishamble-street, where stood a castle that in different ages was known by diffe- rent names, ProutefortVcastle and FyanVcastle ; probably from some families of both these names, who either built or inhabited it. It was some- times used as a state prison. From this castle, 'the wall extended to Wineta- Yern-street, along the South side of Cook-street to AudoeiFs-arch, yet standing, from which it was continued close to the Church-yard to the Corn- market, w here New-gate for several centuries stood. Whether New-gate was so called from its being the last built of the city gates, is uncertain, but that it was known by that name about the year ) 188 , is evident from the charter of the hospital of St John without New-gate, made by Alured le Palmer about that time, and confirmed by Pope Cle- ment III. It remained till the year 1780 , when the new prison was opened in Green-street. It w r as built in the form of a square, and had a tower at each corner. It appears to have been anciently used for the custody of criminals, 12 ANCIENT WALLS, CASTLES, kc. From New-gate the wall was continued South East along the rere of Back -lane to an aperture in it at St. Nicholas’s-gate, which stood near the lower end of Nicholas-street. In this extension were three towers on the wall, one placed near New- gate was called the Watch-tower, where a sentry was posted to guard the prisoners. Another which appears to have stood near the corner of the City- market, was built octangular, and was usually called the Hansdng-tower, from its leaning* towards the suburbs. The third of these towers was situated between the Hanging- lower and St. Nicholas’s* gate, and was sometimes called the Round-tower, from its form, and sometimes St. Francis’s -tower, from its position, it being opposite to the garden of the Franciscan friery, which is now all covered with buildings. From St. Nicholas’s-gate the bound of the city began to be contracted, and the walls were carried o North East at the back of Ross-lane, till they ex- tended to another opening at Pole-gate, or more properly Pool-gate, from a confluence of water in the hollow, which was often troublesome to pas- sengers, till a bridge was erected over it. This gate was afterwards called Werburgh’s-gate, from its situation at the South end of the street called by that name. In the centre, between Nicholas’s- gate and Pole-gate, was a tower, called Geneville’s- tower, near to a building named after the totver, Geneville’s-inn. 15 ANCIENT WALLS, CASTLES, &C. From Pool-gate the wall extended nearly in a straight line, til! it terminated with the castle at Birmingham-tower, a little beyond a small tower which stood projecting on the wall in the rere of Hoey's-court, and where much of the wall is yet to be seen. Here was a small gate called St. Aus- tin's gate, that gave entrance into the city from Ship-street to Castle-street. Before the building of the Castle, the walls of the city did not extend so far, but were carried west of the castle unto Dames-gate. Much of the foundation of the old walls have been frequently discovered, in digging for to lay the foundations of buildings in that tract. The walls of the city were frequently repaired* and their boundaries enlarged. In the year 1316, the Mayor enlarged and built a new wall from New-gate to Ormond's-gate, which stood on the West side of Bridge-street, near the end of Cook- street, and was continued in a circular form to the foot of the old bridge, or king John's bridge, so called from its being built in his reign. This bridge for a long time remained the only bridge across the LifFey, and which gave name to one of the most ancient streets in the city, called Bridge-street. On the south side of the bridge a gate was erect- ed, called Bridge-gate, from which the wall was continued along the Merchant's-quav, close to the B 14 ANCIENT SUBURBS OF DUBLIN. river. This wall was built by the citizens to for- tify themselves against Bruce’s attempt, to effect which they demolished a Dominican abbey, and with the stones of it built the wall. The gate was not coeval with the bridge, beingbuilt at the same time with the wall. It being much decayed in I56S, queen Elizabeth repaired it at a considerable expense, and in 1573 it was ornamented with a public clock. ANCIENT SUBURBS OF DUBLIN. Without the w^alls of the city, on the South, were Palrick-street, Bride-street and Ship-street ; on the West, New'-row, Francis-street, Thomas-street and .James’-street ; on the East, Dame-street, George’s- lane and Stephen-street. A small village called Hogges stood on the site of St. Andrew’s church and street, thencalled Hoggin-green,was a place for the execution of criminals. In 1327, Adam Duff O’Toale was burned on this green for a charge cf heresy and blasphemy. So late as the year 1 534, Crane-lane, Essex-street, Temple-bar and Fleet-street w r ere a strand, which was not embanked until the leign of Chailcs II. The River Anna Liffey then overflowed George’s- quay, Crampton-quay, Aston’s-quay, Sir John Ro- gerson’s-quay and Townsend-street, with all the intermediate streets. About the year 1614, passen- gers from England, &c. used to land at Townsend- ANCIENT SUBURBS OF DUBLIN. I S street, at the corner leading to the low grounds, where there was a house for the Surveyor or Custom- house officers. On the north side of the river there were only Church -street, Mary’s-lane, Hammond's-lane and Pill-lane, then built. The river was not embank- ed at any part on this side, and only a small part on the South. The ground where the Custom-house now stands. Bachelor’s walk, the two Ormond-quays, East and West of Essex-bridge, Inn’s-quay, Arran-quay* and Ellis’s-quay, an extent of ground of about two miles in lengthen which are erected so many hand- some houses, was then overflowed by the tide, ex« cept a small part which had been a monastery, on which the four courts now stand. A large tract of many acres below the Custom-house, has also been reclaimed, that then was under the dominion water. The same might be said of the South > side extending to Ring’s-end. Grange-gorman, Stony-batter and Glasmanogue, now united to the city, were then villages at some distance from it. At the latter place, the sheriffs of Dublin have held their courts in the time of the plague, as being remote from the stage of infection. B 3 16 ANCIENT NUNNERIES, PRIORIES, &C. ANCIENT NUNNERIES, PRIORIES, ABBIES, MONASTERIES & RELIGIOUS HOUSES. NUNNERY OF SAINT MARY BE HOGGES, About the year 1146, the first nunnery was erect- ed in Dublin, by Dermot M'Murrough, king of Leinster. This was built for nuns following* the rules of St. Augustin, who were not admitted un- der the age of thirty years. It was situated on the east side of the city, without the walls, in Hogge^s- village, and being dedicated to the Virgin Mary, was called the Nunnery of St. Mary de Hogges. St. Andrew's church now stands on a part of the site of it. After the suppression of religious houses, this nunnery was granted by Edward VI. to James Se- grave, and his descendants, for ever, PRIORY OF ALL SAINTS. This priory was also founded by Dermot M'Mur- rough, in 1 166, for Augustinian canons, of theorder of Aurocia. In I5S8, it was granted to the citizens of Dublin for the sum of £ 4. 4-. 0|d. per year, but on the application of Loflus, archbishop ol Dublin, to the mayor and citizens, to grant ii lor the erecti- on of a college, they complied with his request. This grant was confirmed by queen Elizabeth in 3591, and a patent passed the great seal for that purpose. ANCIENT NUNNERIES* PRIORIES, &C. IT The whole building, except the steeple, was then taken down, and on the site of this priory Trinity-college was erected, saint mary's abbey. The site of this abbey was on the West of Cape!- street, which still retains the name. It was pro- bably built by the Danes about the year 94 8, for Benedictine monks, who gave it up for the accom- modation of the Cistertian order in 1139. ABBEY OF SAIST THOMAS. Thisabbey was founded by William Fitzandelm^ butler to Henry III. for canons of St. Victor. Hen- ry VIII. granted it .with all its jurisdictions to W m, Brabazon, esq, ancestor to the present earl of Meath, It was situated in that part of the Liberty now call- ed Thomas-court, in the ear! of Meath’s Liberty, PRIORY OF KNIGHT TEMPLARS. Strongbow, earl of Pembroke, founded this Pri° *ry in 1174*. It was esteemed one of the most spacious in the kingdom. The Royal hospital of Kilmainham is erected on the site* PRIORY OF SAINT JOHN TIIE BAPTIST. This priory was erected by Alured de Palmer in 1188. It was situated on the North side ofTho- mas-str-eet, to the Westward of the Market- house, which after the insurrection of 1803 was con. verted into a barrack. A Roman Catholic chapel. 18 ANCIENT NUNNERIES, PRIORIES, &C. called St. John's chapel, is built on a part of the site of this priory, of which there are now no other remains but the ruins of the steeple. PRIORY OF SAINT SAVIOUR. About the year 1202, William Mareschal, earl of Pembroke, founded this priory for Cistertian friars, who gave it to the Dominicans in 1224. It was situated on the North side of the river, to the East of the old bridge. Queen Elizabeth granted it to the duke of Ormond forever. It was afterwards appropriated to the use of the lawyers, and called theKing’s Inns, from whence the Inn’s-quay derives its name. Part of the ruins remained till the year 3776, when they were entirely removed, and a magnificent building is now erected on the site, called the Four Courts, for the courts of law and public offices. MONASTERY OF WITESCHAN. / This monastery was erected on or near the Coombe for friars de Poenitentia, or Sac friars, who came into Ireland about the year 1268. PRIORY OF SAINT SEPULCHRE. The situation of this priory was on the North side of Kevin-street. It has not been clearly ascertain- ed who was its founder, or the time when it was first built. From the plan of Dublin taken in 1610, this priory appears to have been a large building, with a considerable tract of ground belonging to it, surrounded by a wall. In the wail were two lofty ANCIENT NUNNERIES, PRIORIES, &c. 19 portals on the North side, and two smaller ones on the South. NUNNERY OF SAINT MARY LES DAMES. This nunnery was situated near the East ^ate of the city, called Dames-gate, from which Dame- street derives its name. MONASTERY OF SAINT FRANCIS. This monastery was built about the year 1235 and dedicated to St. Francis. Its site was in Fran- cis-street, Ralph de Porter gave the ground. MONASTERY FOR CARMELITES. Sir Robert Bagot, chief justice of the King’s Bench, built this monastery for Carmelites, or White-friars, in 1273. It was a large building, and in 1333 the parliament sat in this place. Queen Elizabeth gave it to Francis Aungier, who was cre- ated baron of Longford in 1621. Whitefriar- street, Aungier-street, Longford-street, & c . are erected on its site, and the ground connected with, it. ABBEY OF SAINT OLIVE. This abbey appears to have been built by a co- lony from Bristol, principally intended for such of thuii own countrymen who should take the order of St. Augustin. From the marks of the portai to be seen in the old wall near Ship-street, called St. Austin’s gate, its site has been by some writers placed within the walls near that place. It ap- 20 ANCIENT NUNNERIES, PRIORIES, &<- pears, howev er, from the map of Dublin before alluded to, and from other documents, to hav r e been situated without the city, on the north side of Dame-street. This friary was granted to Walter Tyrrel, to hold in fee by kaight/s service, at six shillings and a penny rent, and th e heirs of Tyrrel assigned it to Nicholas, viscount Netterville. MON ASTERY OF SAINT JOHN OF JERUSALEM. Ilis Majesty's Phcenix park was once belonging to this monastery, in which it was pleasantly situ- ated* CHURCH ON PAUL, This ancient edifice, known by. this appel- lation, was situated on the South side of Kevin- street, nearly opposite the priory of St. Sepulchre, There was a considerable tract of land belonging to it, which was surrounded by a wall. MONASTERY OF THE HOLY TRINITY * Crow-street theatre is said now to stand on the site of this monastery, which was founded by the. family of Talbot, about the year 1257* * * CHURCH OF SAINT MICHAELS LE POLE. In the rere of the West side of Great Ship-street is the site on which this ancient church once stood. It was situated near the round tower before noticed, but did not survive so long. The Church yard yet remains adjoining the parochial school of St Brid- get’s parish. . STATE OF DUBLIN UNDER THE DANES. 21 saint Stephen’s church. This church, of which there are now no remains, was situated on the South side of Stephen-street* near the East corner of Aungier-street. It was standing when Mr. Speed published his plan of Dublin in 1010. saint peter’s church. The site of this ancient building was not far from St. Stephen’s church. It was on the same side of the street Westward, between Aungier-street and Great Longford-street. There are no remains of it at this time. STATE OF DUBLIN UNDER THE DANES. It is well authenticated, that Ireland never was subject to the Roman empire, but the Danes and Norwegians invaded and conquered Dublin, and several other places. It appears highly probable, that the Danes might have traded to Ireland fora considerable time prior to their obtaining possessi- ons by force. In the 9th century, about the year 838, they entered the river Liffey with a fleet of sixty sail, and took possession of Dublin. Several of their countrymen had landed in different parts of Ireland 43 years previous to this, and after com- mitting numerous cruelties made several settle- ments. Dublin now submitted to them for the first time, \vb ;n they raised strong fortifications round it, and •22 STATE OF DUBLIN UNDER THE DANES, soon made it and its vicinity, the head of the Da- nish settlements, in Leinster. The Danes and Nor- wegians were called by the Irish, Normans and Galls, or foreigners. They distinguished their par- ticular tribes by those of Duff-galls, Fin-galls, or Black- and White Foreigners.and Dan-fair orDanes, ■s he English called them collectively Ostmen or Eastmen. After the Danes had fortified the capital, they is- sued forth in every direction against their enemies. The native Irish, on the other hand, manifested the greatest opposition to these invaders, and disputed every inch of ground with them. In 845 they were driven out of Dublin, Turgesius their prin« cipal commander slain, and the greatest part fled back to Norway, but in 851 they returned^ and again took possession of it. The Irish of Leinster and Meath now attacked Dublin, when the Danes were put to flight, and the city plundered by the victors. A great num- ber of Danes escaped to their own country, from whence the year following they returned with fresh recruits, overthrew their enemies in battle, and recovered the city. Additional fortifications were now raised by them. Several severe battles were now fought between the Irish and Ostmen, who extended their conquest to different parts of the kingdom. In 890 the Danes of Dublin inarched Northward, took possession of STATE OF DUBLIN UNDER THE DANES. 23 Armagh, which after they had plundered, and set the Cathedral and other religious houses on fire, they returned wit h seven hundred and ten prison ei s. Several other towns shared the same late. History teems with little else but accounts of battles fought, and barbarous acts committed by the Danes at this time, who, about the year 1000, repaired and fortified Dublin with new works. Five years after, Melaghlin, king of Meath, march- ed towards Dublin, set fire to the suburbs, but the strength of the walls prevented him from making any impression on the city. The year 1014 is memorable for the famous bat- tle at Clontarf, that nearly proved fatal to the Da- nish settlements in Leinster. Brien Boro, king of Ireland, having made a league with several pet- ty princes, they agreed to unite their forces, and expel the Ostmen of Dublin, out of the kingdom, as public enemies. On the other hand, Sitric, who then reigned in Dublin, made peace with the king of Leinster, and obtained aid from him, as he did also from the Danes and Norwegians who inhabit- ed the Isle of Man and the Hebrides. Great preparations being made on both sides, they met on the 23d April, near Clontarf, when af- ter a long and obstinate engagement, victory is said by most writers to have been obtained by ki ng Bri- en, though he, his son and grandson, a great num- ber of the nobility of Munster and Connaught, and !'4 STATE OF DUBLIN UNDER THE DANES, 7000, or as some say, 11,000 of the Irish army fell in the battle. Many of the Ostmen, and troops of Leinster, were also slain, and among them, the son ot Sitric, with the admiral of the fleet, and kinsr ot Leinster, and many others of note. After the battle, Sifcric retreated to Dublin with the remnant ot the Ostmen army, where they con- tinued quiet for four years ; they then marched in- to Meath, wasted and plundered Kells, took a num- ber of prisoners, and slew many who had taken re- fuge in the church. In 1 08S, they marched to Waterford, which they took and set on fire. The native Irish, however, not only continued to defend themselves against the Ostmen, but made several attacks on them, and gave them several signal defeats. Indeed after the battle of Clontarf they appear never to have fully recovered their strength, and on the arrival of the English, in 117 0 they were wholly driven out of Ireland, From the time the Danes first took possession of Dublin to their expulsion, was about 333 years, during which time there were 95 Ostmen kings of Dublin. They had also kings in several other parts of Ireland. On their first landing, they made no profession of the Christian faith, being Pagans, but about the year 948, they are said to have embraced Christianity. To them is attributed the erection of several abbies and churches in the city, in the year 10 33 * Christ-church was built bv Si trie Mac- AulafFII. then king of Dublin. ARRIVAL OF THE ENGLISH. 25 ITS STATE FROM THE ARRIVAL OF THE ENGLISH IN THE REIGN OF HENRY II. TO ITS SURRENDER TO HIM. Henry II. king of England, appears from the beginning of his reign, to have been animated with a strong desire to reduce Ireland under his government. He accordingly applied to, and obtained from Pope Adrian, a bull, authorising him to invade Ireland at his pleasure. L \ In the year 1167, a favourable opportunity pre- sented itself to Henry, who, though in France and engaged in the war, availed himself of it. Der- mod MacMurrough, king of Leinster, a lustful ty- rant, being driven out of his kingdom, fled to Hen- ry to crave his protection and assistance, promising -subjection to him during his life. Henry having taken from him an oath of allegiance, granted by letter patent a general license to ail his subjects to aid kingDermod in the recovery of his kingdom. Encouraged by Henry, Dermod returned to Eng- land, and at Bristol published the king’s letter and his own overtures. Richard de Clare, earl of . irigul and Pembroke, commonly called Strong- bow, lor his skill in archery, was delighted with the prospect, and wanted nothing but the king’s approbation, for him to espouse Dermod’s cause. Strongbow being delayed sometime by Henry could not embark so early as he wished, and Der C ARRIVAL OF THE ENGLISH. 26 mod impatient, on renewing his application to England, others volunteered for Ireland. A small army under the command of Robert EitzStephen landed near Wexford, in May 1169, and being joined by Dermod, soon reduced that town. Animated by success, king Dermod and his allies pushed the conquest through different parts of the country, and proceeded towards Dub- lin, the vicinity of which they burned and de- stroyed. The citizens finding their inability to resist, sued for peace, which they obtained upon swearing fealty, and giving hostages, which done, Asculp, the Ostman king, was continued in the government of the city. These successes encouraged Dermod to aim at the monarchy of Ireland, to accomplish which he again applied to Strongbow, who sending a small party under Raymond le Gross, he cast up a slight entrenchment before Waterford, till Strongbow landed with his army, when after two repulses he made himself master of the town. Dublin had now revolted again, and it was re- solved again to attack the city. While preparati- ons were making for this purpose, Roderic O’Con- nor, king of Ireland, raised an army of 30,000 horse and foot, resolved to impede the march of the con- federates. He encamped with the main body oi his forces at Clondalkin, four miles from Dublin, and guarded all the passes through the mountains ARRIVAL Of THE ENGLISH* 27 with strong detachments. The confederate army far from being discouraged, advanced towards the city* Miles de Cogan, an officer of great courage^ led the van, with a regiment of 700 men, supported by Donald Kavenagh, natural son to kingDermod, and a strong body of Irish. Raymond le Gross led the battle with a regiment of 800 English, support- ed by king Dermod, and 1000 Irish. The rere was brought up by earl Strongbow, and a strong regi- ment of Irish. Their orderly march so appalled the enemy, that they gave way without making any opposition, and the king of Ireland, by advice of his council, dissolved his army and returned home. * Dublin was now summoned, and thirty hostages demanded. Asculph Mac-Torcail fearing the issue of a seige, was ready to submit to the terms, but the citizens disagreeing in the choice of the hostages, the time allotted for the treaty expired, when Miles de Cogan took the advantage, and without com- mand from the Eari or Dermod, took possession of the city with great slaughter. Asculph, and many ot the Ostmen, escaped by means of their shipping, and the soldiers got rich pillage. The same day, being Sept. 21, 1170, king Der- mod and earl Strongbow entered the city. A few T" 1 : ' '' > Dermod returned to Ferns, and a short ■ ■ : ' ' ' ' die earl with a part ol his forces marched C 2 *28 ARRIVAL OF THE ENGLISH. to Waterford, leaving the command of Dublin to Mil es de Cogan, who may be called the first En- glish governor of it. Dermod died soon after, and most of his friends forsook Strongbow. The next year, O’Connor, king of Ireland, levied an army of (30,000 men, and surrounded the city, supported by the kings of Ulster, Munster, and prince of Kinsellagh, Dublin, though but ill supplied with provisions, held out against the besiegers for two months, but when all necessaries had failed, and no hope was entertained of supplies from abroad, Strongbow was advised in council to treat with O’Connor, and submit to him, holding Leinster as a feudatory province. 'V O’Connor knowing the situation of the garrison, refused to treat with Strongbow, unless he not only surrendered Dublin, but Waterford and Wexford, and all his castles, and returned home with all his English forces. These terms were too high for sot* diers accustomed to conquer, and therefore, though lie was reduced to great extremity in the city, and his sovereign, jealous of his power, had by procla- mation prohibited any supply from England, yet he resolved to attack the besiegers, and, it possible, save the city. O'Connor was suddenly attacked near Finglas, when 1500 of his army -were s ain, and many prisoners taken, O’Connor escaped with much difficulty, and the seige was raised.. ARRIVAL OF HENRY THE SECOND. 29 The earl then sailed to England to appease the king, to whom he offered al! that he had acquired, either by the sword or marriage. Daring Strongbow's absence, Asculph Mac-Tor- call taking the advantage, arrived in the Harbour of Dublin, with sixty sail, and 10,000 soldiers levi- ed in the Isle of Man, resolved to recover his former grandeur. The attack commenced at the East gate, where a violent assault was made by the Ostmen, who were repulsed by Miles de Cogan in such a manner, that soon 500 were dead about the gate, and before they retreated 2000 fell. Most of those who escaped the sword of the English were slain by the Irish, so that of this great army 2000 did not escape.. Mac-Torcall was-taken prisoner, but boasting of what he would do when he obtained his liberty, he was beheaded in the sight of his fleet. Thus end- ed the power of the Ostmen in Dublin, who never aftci made aoy eiFort to recover their former pos- sessions. Many oi them had before incorporated M'ith the Irish, and by degrees became one people; it is evident, however, that some remains are yet visible. ARRIVAL OF HENRY II. IN DUBLIN, AND SURRENDER OF THE CITY TO HIM. P» in the year I 172, king Henry II. who had Jono- epar.dfor a voyage to Ireland, embarked with a C 3 30 HENRY II. FIRST CHARTER. fleet of 210 ships, 400 knights, and an army of 4,000 men, and on the 18th of October, landed at \\ aterford. Having received the investiture of the city ot Waterford, and the homage of earl Strong- bow for tae kingdom of Leinster, he proceeded to Dublin, which Strongbow, according to covenant, delivered up to him, and the king committed the government thereof to Hugh de Lacy. During Henry’s residence in Dublin, most of the Irish princes made their submission, and swore al- legiance to him. The king also granted the laws of England to Ireland, and established courts of justice, and officers for the administration of them. He also encouraged a colony from Bristol to settle in the city, and gave the citizens their first charter. Circumstances in England and Normandy, with a plague and scarcity in Ireland, caused Henry to return to England sooner than he intended. In 1 177 the pope’s legate published king Henry’s title to Ireland, and denounced excommunication against all who withdrew their allegiance from him. The same year Strongbow died. HENRY II. FIRST CHARTER TO THE CITY OF DUBLIN. i « Henricus, Dei gratia, &c. Henry, by the grace of God, king of England, lord of Ireland, duke of Normandy and Aquitain, and Earl of Anjou, to the archbishops, bishops, abbots, earls, barons, justices, ministers and sheriils, and to ad his laithlul subjects, STATE OF DUBLIN FROM HENRY II. 31 French, English and Irish, greeting. Know ye, that I have given, granted, and by my charter con- firmed to my subjects of Bristol, my city of Dublin to inhabit.” “ Wherefore I will and firmly command that they do inhabit it, and hold it of me and my heirs, well and in peace, freely and quietly, fully and amply, and honourably, with all the liberties and free customs which the men of Bristol have at Bris- tol, and through my whole land.' ’ • “ Witness, William de Brasoa, Reginald de Cur- lenav, Hugh dp Gundeville, William Fitz-Aldelm, Reginald de Gundeville,Hugh de Cressy, Reginald de Pavilly, at Dublin.” STATE OF DUBLIN FROM THE REIGN OF HENRY 1L TO EDWARD II. Henry II. dyingin the year 1189, his son Rich- ard I. succeeded him. He was too much taken up with crusades to pay much attention either to Eng- land or Ireland, and few events occurred in Dub- lin during his reign that demand particular atten- tion. In 1190 a great part of the city was consu- med by fire, and archbishop Comyri erected St. Patrick’s church, and nearly rebuilt Christ church. John, brother to Richard, succeeded to the throne in 1199 . His father Henry had given him the title of lord of Ireland, and sent him over to this coun- o r% yj Z ITS STATE FROM HENRY II. try in I 1 S5. It appears, however, that he and hi 3 giddy Norman courtiers made but ill use of their power, and rendered themselves disgusting to the people. But on his coming to the crown he made amends for his former behaviour, and onhisarrival the second time, enlarged his father's plan of in- troducing the English laws in Ireland. It was dur- ing his reign the castle of Dublin was erected, and also courts of Judicature for the more regular dis- tribution of justice. In 1210, twenty Irish princes swore allegiance to him, and engaged to establish the English laws. r,y Hen ry III the Magna Charta'was granted to Ireland, on Nov. 12 , 121(3, and the year following, Dublin to the citizens in fee farm, at 200 marks per ann. The same monarch, in 1227, confirmed the charter granted by king John, and ordained that it should be inviolably kept. In 1263 there were great commotions in the city, occasioned by a disputation between the prior of Christ church* and the people, about the tithe fish of the Liffey. Four years after, the citizens were excommunicated i>y bell, book and candle. During the reign of Henry III. the customs paid in Dublin were 3d. for every sack of wool, 6d. for every last of hides, and 2d. for every barrel ot wiue. ITS STATE UNDER EDWARD II. 33 STATE OF DUBLIN DURING 'I HE REIGN OF EDWARD II. AND EDWARD III. The beginning of the reign of Edward IT. gave much dissatisfaction, and the invasion of Ireland by Edward Bruce, brother to the king of Scotland, threatened to prove fatal to Dublin. Bruce, in 13l5> landed in the North, and being joined by a number of Irish, inarched to Dundalk, which they took and set on fire. He afterwards pro- ceeded to ravage the principal parts of the king- dom ; when returning to the North he took up his quarters in perfect security. In 1316, he went to Scotland for fresh supplies, which having obiained, he returned and was crowned king of Ireland at Dundalk. After this, he marched with all his force, intending to besiege Dublin ; took Castle-knock, and Sir Hugh Tyrrel in it, but finding the citizens resolute in opposing him, he decamped and marched westward as far as Limerick. To secure the city, the citizens burned down the suburbs, and erected an outward fortification, dose to the river, along Merchant's Quay, with the stones of a Dominican abbey, which they demolished for that purpose. Bruce was afterwards slain, with 2000 of his army, at Dundalk, by the troops under the com- mand of general Birmingham. John Maupas, a valiant officer, rushed into the battle, with a reso- 34 ITS STATE FROM EDWARD III. lutiorc to destroy the usurping prince, and was found dead after the battle, stretched on the body * of Bruce. In 1333, wheat was sold in the market for six- pe nee a bushel. The same year a parliament assembled in the Convent of the Carmelites, in * Whitefriars-street. In 1 361, the duke ofClarence, son to Edward III. having married the heiress of UJster,, was sent over to. Ireland chief governor. ITS STATE FROM EDWARD III. TO HENRY V. Richard II. who succeeded Edward III. having landed at Waterford, in 1394, afterwards marched to Dublin with an army of 30,000 foot and 4,000 horse. During his stay in Dublin, he granted to the city a penny a year from every house, to re- pair the bridge and streets. He also confirmed all former grants made to the city. On the 2.5th ot March following, he knighted four Irish princes, when having supplied the courts of justice with lawyers, he returned to England. In IS99, Richard again embarked for Ireland, and with a numerous army and train made his en- trance into the city on the 28th of June. Rul ing this visit, he received the news that Henry duke ot Lancaster had invaded England, which hastened his return, when lie was soon after deposed anu murdered. ITS STATE FROM HENRY IV. In ! 407, Henry IV. granted to the chief magi- strate of Dublin, a gilded sword, to be borne be- fore him in the same manner as the mayor of London. The title of mayor was not conferred on him till two years after. * STATE OF DUBLIN FROM IIENRY IV. TO HENRY VIII. The Ion? contests between the factions of York and Lancaster, were severely felt, not only in England, but in Ireland, and the citizens of Dub- lin were frequently exposed to difficulties on that account. Notwithstanding the fate of Richard II. the house of York had many friends in Ireland, who, on several occasions gave strong proof of their zeal and attachment. When Richard, duke of York, was appointed chief governor of Ireland, few Viceroys were more popular, and when after- wards compelled to take refuge from the rage of Henry VI. he was received with every mark of attention. But, what involved the city of Dublin most, during the contest for the crown, was their espous- ing the cause of a youth named Lambert Simnel, who had been imposed on them for Richard, the young duke of York, This youth, being .sup- ported by the lord depifty and officers of state, the English nobility and other adherents, was conducted in state to the cathedral of Christ Church, and crowned king, by the name of S G ITS STATE UNDER IIENRY VIII. fhlT’ d i V r a . Cr ° Wn Said !o be tak ™ *<>«» 1 ica< o the \ irgm. He was afterwards taken pnsoner by Henry VIL and condemned to serve W V S ; ltCl ; et1 -, An °' h0r y ° U!h> named Perkfn ^ a, beck also laid a claim to the crown of En*. ailU ’ and Was countenanced by many, but the C,UZcm of DubIi « were more cautious on this occasion. its state during the reign of henry VIII. Henry VIII. ascended the throne in the year but was too much engaged with important rdiairs in England to pay much attention to Ireland. Several Irish chieftains repeatedly mustered consi- derable forces to attack the citizens of Dublin, but who, with the lord deputy at their head, gave them several defeats. In 15 12, in consequence of an aRVay which happened in St. Patrick's church, '■Mien an arrow stuck in an image, the pope’s legate "as sent to make enquiry about it The citizens uter being charged with the crime, were at length absolved, but as a punishment for what was then called so detestable an act, and to keep up the me- mory of it forever, the mayor of Dublin was com- pelled to walk bare-footed through the city, in open procession, on Corpus C^hristi day, yearly. This was ever after done till the reformation. In 1534, the earl of Kildare, then lord deputy, being summoned by the king of England, left his ITS STATE UNDER HENRY VIII. 37 sen, lord Thomas, to supply his place. A rumour having been circulated that the earl was beheaded* caused his son to rise in open rebellion, who, col- lecting together a considerable force, besieged the city and castle of Dublin. The city was assailed at several places. Newgate-pierced, and part of the suburbs burned, when the citizens sallied out and defeated the besiegers. It was on the consider- ation of the great valour and services of the citizens upon this occasion, that king Henry gave them the dissolved monastery of All Hallows, &c. In 1541, Henry was proclaimed king of Ireland, the title being voted by the Irish parliament, who passed several statutes of rather a singular nature, among which were the following: “ That noblemen be allowed no more than twen- ty cubits, or bundles of linen, in their shirts. And that inferior persons be proportionably confined in this article of Irish magnificence.” “ That none be allowed to die their shirts with saffron, according to the custom of the old natives, on pain of twenty shillings to be levied on the of. fender.” “ 1 murder and robbery be punished with a fine, half of which should be paid to the king, and half to the chieftain of the district ; but that rape and wilful murder be punished capitally.” D ITS STATE FROM HENRY VIII. The king’s supremacy and the reformation were not eagerly embraced in Ireland, but by the zealous eflorts ol George Brown, Archbishop of Dublin, many of the clergy acknowledged Henry head of the church of Ireland, and others afterwards fol- lowed their example. STATE OF DUBLIN FROM HENRY VIII. TO JAMES II. In the reign of Edward VI. the English liturgy was first read in Christ church, in 1550, and the following year was printed in Dublin, This, it is supposed, wasthe first book ever printed in Ireland. Queen Mary suppressed the reading of it during her reign, but it was revived by queen Elizabeth, in 15 59, who ordered large bibles in English to be placed in St. Patrick's and Christ church. In 1607, in the reign of James* I. a conspiracy was formed to surprise the castle of Dublin, but frustrated. The year after, the charters of the city were renewed with additional privileges. 3n 1647, the marquis of Ormond was compelled by necessity to surrender the city to the parliament commissioners. Two years after he laid siege to it, but was defeated by colonel Jones, governor, with the loss of 4000 killed, and 2517 prisoners. In August, the same year, Oliver Cromwell landed at Dublin, with 9000 foot, and 4000 horse, and ha- ving settled the civil and military establishments ITS STATE UNDER JAMES II. S2 of the city, marched with 3 0,000 men to besiege Drogheda. After the death of Oliver Cromwell, and the re- signation of Richard, the castle was surprised and taken by a party of general officers in favour of king Charles II. It was afterwards retaken by Sir Hardress Waller for the parliament, but being besieged for five days, he surrendered. The king* after his restoration, complimented the city with a collar of S S, and granted a foot company to the mayor, on whom he conferred the honour of lord mayor. He afterwards gave 500/, per year* in lieu of the foot company. Sir Daniel Bellingham was the first lord mayor, and his Mayoralty house was built by himself, at the corner of Fishamble-street and Castie-street, now occupied by Cantrell and Revel], linen-drapers. In this house he kept his mayoralty in } 665. STATE OF DUBLIN UNDER JAMES II. On the arrival of king James II. in Dublin, in March, 1688, the Protestant citizens were exposed to extreme difficulties, James called a parliament, which passed an act to repeal the act of settlement* and another by which near 3000 Protestants were attainted of high treason. Trinity college was soon occupied by soldiers, who forcibly ejected the fellows and students, The communion plate, li- brary and furniture were all seized, the chapel con- I) 2 40 ITS STATE UNDER JAMES II. ycrted into a magazine, and chambers into prisons; Such as obtained their personal liberty, procured it only through the intercession of the bishop of Meath, upon condition that three of them should not meet together on pain of death. Christchurch, and some others, were also seized, and orders is- sued to forbid more than five Protestants to assem- ble together, either in churches, houses, streets or fields, on the same punishment. The arbitrary conduct of James and his parlia- ment was severely felt by the citizens and country in other respects. The parliament voted him 20,000/. per month, to be levied from lands, and he afterwards, by his own prerogative, added as much more on all chatties. Yet even this did not satisfy his present demands, and he seized the tools and engines of one Moore, who by virtue of a pa- tent of the late king, enjoyed the right of a cop- per coinage in Ireland, and established a mint in Dublin. The refuse of metals, such as old cannons, broken bells, old brass, household utensils of the basest kind, &c. were assiduously collected, and from every pound weight ot such vile materials, of about the value of three or four pence, pieces were coined that were made current by procla- mation to the amount of five pounds in nominal yalue. A few months after, another proclamation was issued, to raise the value of this vile curi ency, when the half-crowns were called in, and being restamp- ITS STATE UNDER JAMES II. 41 ed, made to pass for crowns, though not intrinsi- cally worth a farthing. Brass and copper becom- ing scarce, it was afterwards made of worse mate- rials, tin and pewter, and intruded on the people with many circumstances of cruelty and insolence* so that old debts of 1 00 0L were sometimes discharg- ed for pieces of vile metal not worth thirty shil- lings. James however derived an advantage, for having by proclamation set a rate on the staple articles of the kingdom, he frequently demanded them at this rate, and exported them to France. It appears from the master of the mi nt's accounts, that of this sort of money was coined 1,590,799/. Os. 6d . King James, who' had left Dublin with 6000 French troops to join his army on the banks of the Boyne, on his being defeated, fled to the city, which was soon threatened with all the evils of anarchy. James remained only one night at the castle, where he assembled his civil officers, related his disaster, and on the following day set off for Waterford, breaking down bridges to prevent being pursued, and embarked immediately for France. Dublin now was all in confusion. Most of James s civil officers fled, some of them had pro- posed to set the city on tire, the suburbs were in flames, and no detachment sent from king Willi- am to secure the town. To the conduct of a mi- D 3 42 ITS STATE SINCE THE REVOLUTION, Jitary officer of the family of Kildare, is attributed the preservation of order; to him the castle was surrendered after he was liberated from confine- ment, when sending expresses to William’s camp, assistance was obtained. To perpetuate the memory of this important event, the citizens of Dublin erected the statue of William on horseback, in brass, in College-green. STATE OF DUBLIN SINCE THE REVOLUTION. Nothing particular occurred during the reign of William, except the more permanent establish- ment of the Protestant religion. Since the revolution, t he city of Dublin has *■ been greatly enlarged, and embellished with some of the most superb edifices, that are scarcely to be equalled in Europe. The spirit of industry now manifested, is a proof of the wisdom of go- vernment in repealing the several laws that re- strained the commerce of Ireland. \*v ,r; Previous to the year 1779, the restrictions on trade were extremely prejudicial to Irish manu- facturers, and frequently occasioned much dissa- tisfaction. After several fruitless attempts had been made to remove these injudicious restraints, both houses of parliament presented an address to his Majesty for a free trade, which was favourably ITS STATE SINCE THE REVOLUTION, 43 answered. But its being suspended rather longer than was expected, occasioned a very numerous and dangerous mob to assemble in the city, before the parliament house, who insulted the members, and endeavoured to force them to swear that they would support their country, by voting for a short money bill. The Attorney General’s house was demolished, and the general cry was “ a free trade, and a short money bill.” After the tumult had subsided, the subject claimed more attention, and such bills were passed as were calculated to afford effectual commercial relief to the people of Ireland. These laws were received with much joy and exultation in Dublin. Within these few years, Dublin has undergone, from the spirit and wealth of the citizens, a multi- tude of improvements. In 1798, a rebellion which broke out in Ireland, May 23, placed Dublin in a very critical situation. Numbers were apprehended and executed. Lord Edward Fitzgerald, being arrested, died of the wounds he received on that occasion. It was not till the following year, that this rebellion was to- tally subdued. On the 1st January, 1801, the Union act be- anie an opeiative law, Ireland being united to England. The imperial united standard was on this occasion first displayed on Bed ford-tower, Dublin castle. 44 military government. I he removal of the parliament from the metro- polis has proved very injurious to the trade of the city, and the parliament house, a most elegant building, was afterwards sold to the directors of the bank of Ireland, for a national bank. On the evening of the 23d July, isos, another rebellion broke out in the city, which produced considerable alarm. Lord Kilwarden, and his nr. phew, the Rev. Mr. Wolfe, were among several tnat were murdered in Thomas-street. The insur- gents were however dispersed in a few hours, and many of them taken. Among the principal con- spirators was a Mr. Robert Emmet, of great abili- seveiai others, were afterwards ii’.ed, found guilty, and executed. In consequence o; tiiis conspiracy, tire city was proclaimed under martial law for some time, barriers were placed at tae seveiai canal bridges, and other entrances into the city, with guards, and all persons confined to their houses after nine o'clock at night. ITS MILITARY GOVERNMENT. It is probable, that during the time the Danes were in possession of Dublin, every citizen was a soldier ; and it appears, that when it became sub- ject to 1 he English, in the reign of Henry II. there was little variation in its military government in this respect, as most who settled in the city assum- ed more of the military than either the mechanical or commercial characters, ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY. 45 After the several corporations were established, the military forces of the city were principally composed of them. There were then only twenty companies, each commanded by its respective master, as captain, under whom were several subordinate officers of different ranks. The prin- cipal magistrate was the commander in chief. This military body of citizens gave many proofs of their personal valour, not only in defending the city, but also in several actions fought in different parts of the country. They were composed of both foot and horse. The foot, consisting of twenty companies, were mustered and exercised four times a year. On Easter Monday and Mid- summer eve, when the mayor and sheriffs com- manded in person ; arid on May-day and St. Peter's eve, officers, called the mayor and sheriff of the Bull -ring, commanded the unmarried men. The horse were mustered on Shrove Tuesday by the sheriffs of the city. ITS ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY. It is recorded, that in the year 448 , Alphin M'Eochaid, king of Dublin, and all his subjects, were converted to the Christian faith by the preach- ing of St. Patrick. Whether this account be cor- rect or not, it appears evident, that the inhabitants of Dublin, and the Irish in general, made a pro- fession of Christianity before the arrival of the Danes and Norwegians. A G THE SEVERAL PLAGUES. The Danes, on their first landing and taking possession ot Dublin, were Pagans, but about the year 948, they are said to have embraced the Christian faith. In, or about, the year 1038, Si- t'icus, king of the Ostmen of Dublin, built the cathedral of Christ church. Other churches and religious houses were afterwards erected by them. It does not however appear that the Roman li- turgy and forms of public worship were generally introduced till about the year 1 1 10, nor wer e they fully confirmed before the arrival of king Henry II. The city continued from that time attached to the see of Rome till the reign of Henry VII L The city of Dublin is now an archiepiscopal see* It was first erected into a bishopric in 1084, and in- to an archbishopric in 1152. Its ecclesiastical government is vested in its archbishop, archdeacon and other clergy. The archbishop is primate of Ireland, and bishop of Glendaiogh. THE SEVERAL PLAGUES. Dublin, previous to its improved state, was (re- cently visited with dreadful pestilential contagi- ons, that swept away at different tunes a considera- ble number of its inhabitants. Its unhealthy state then* might be attributed, in a considerable degree,, to the narrowness of the streets, want of wale*, no common sewer, and the vast projection of the houses that confined the putrid a if ; and exemp- THE SEVERAL PLAGUES. 47 tkm from such calamities might be ascribed to the removal of these impediments, its truly improved state, the erection of public edifices for the recep- tion of infections persons, and the attention of go- vernment in prohibiting any communication with vessels or persons from an unhealthy country, till they have performed quarantine. Baring the time that king Henry II. resided in Dublin, both pestilence and famine appeared to •threaten not only the city but the kingdom. This, with the rebellion of his son, and the danger of a •revolt in Normandy, caused the king to return sooner than he intended. In 1204, during the reign of king John, the plague again appeared in Dublin, and in 1348 it raged to that degree that the city lost by this visi- tation 14,000 of its inhabitants. In 137 0 and 1383, it again broke out, and in 1447 the same calamity, accompanied with famine, spread devastation in city and country. From 1462 to 1 470, the city was seldom free fjom the plague. In 1484 and 1525, the same con- tagion raged, which was followed, in J528, by a pestilential sickness, called the English sweat, that swe P t awa y a S reat number of citizens, among whom was the archbishop and lord chancellor. la 1575, the city lost upwards of 3,000 of its in- habitants by the pestilence, Dublin is said then to 48 GENERAL DESCRIPTION. have been so depopulated, that grass grew in the streets. It broke out on the 7th June, and conti- nued to the 17th October. During its continu- ance, the mayor and sheriffs held their courts at Glassmanogue, at that time a country village. In 1604, and the two following years, the city was again visited with a contagion, but it does not appear to have raged so violently as those before noticed. The last that seems to ciaim our attention broke out in 1650, the year following the arrival of Oliver Cromwell in Dublin. GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF DUBLIN. in the province of Leinster, in the county of Dub- lin, 60 miles W. of Holyhead, in Wales, and 830 W. of London, Lat. 53. 21. Long. 6. 15. It is the second city in his Britannic Majesty's dominions, and generally considered the fifth, but is now probably the fourth, if not the third, in Europe, and though it yields in extent, yet not in architectural beauties, to the first. It is seated at the bottom of a large and spacious bay, to which CHAP. II. , the metropolis of Ireland, is situated GENERAL DESCRIPTION 4 $ it gives name, and into which the river Anna Lifley disembogues itself. It consists of two principal divisions, the North and South, which the river divides nearly into two equal parts, both ot which are principally in the county of the city of Duohn, but some parts dre in the county. It extends front East to W est along th£ river near three utiles, aiid is about the Same breadth. A road, called the Circular-road/, nearly surrounds the whole, near which, without, is the Grand canal on the South* and the Royal canal on the North, A view of the city from ain elevated sltuatiori, such as St. Patrick's steeple, or Lord NelsonV mo- nument, is interesting. It is probably equal to any in tho united kingdom. The bay to the East below the city, the variegsited beauties of the ad- jacent county, and the neatness of the blue slating^, with which the houses are universally covered, greatly contribute to add to the grandeur of the prospect. Dublin contains 7 50 streets, lanes* cilieys, coUrtfc and quays, (3 squares or greens, and above 20.000 houses, ware-houses and other buildings. The* principal streets are wide and airy, and equal to London, and surpass all others in Europe for the accommodation of passengers of every description* inti convenience of trade. They ai*e paved in the K 6<5 CENTRAL DESCRIPTION. middle for carriages, and cm each side is a flawed foot path lor (out passengers. The shops are handsomely fitted up, with considerable taste, and so near are the resemblance of several streets to some in the metropolis of England, that a stranger from that city might imagine he was in London* The markets are well supplied with flesh, fowl, and fish, the latter in as high perfection as in any other capital in Europe. The inhabitants are principally supplied with coals from different parts of England. Water is conveyed through the city by pipes, from large reservoirs or basons at each side of the town, belonging to the Grand and Royal Canals, and to supply any defici- ency of such houses as have not leaden pipes, pub* ] :c fountains are erected in several parts of the city. Since the Union, the number of nobility who were resident have decreased, but the city has been considerably enlarged. It was supposed by many, that one of the effects of the Union would be a reduction or rents and fines, yet both have been very much raised. There are few cities or towns, where the inhabitants who possess tae universal medium of exchange, can be more free- ly supplied with every article of necessity, or uxury, M CIVIL GOVERNMENT OF DUBLIN. 5 CiVIL GOVERNMENT OF DUBLIN. The Civil government of the city is vested by several charters, from the kings of England, to the corporation of the city of Dublin. L consists ot the Lord Mayor, the board of Aldermen, and the Common Council. THE LORD MAYOR. The Lord Mayor is chosen annually, and is chief magistrate of the city during his mayoralty, lie is chosen from the board of Aldermen* gene- rally the first in seniority, and when chosen, is declared Lord Mayor elect. The election takes place at a quarter assembly in April, and on the 301 ti September following he eaters into office. THE HOARD OF ALDERMEN. 4 The Aldermen are chosen for life from anion £ the Sheriffs Peers, or those who have either served or fined for the office of High Sheriff. They are twenty. four in number. file electors are the. Lord Mayor, board of Aldermen and Common Councd. AH the Aldermen are justices of the peace for the city an l liberties. The President of the Court of Conscience i&. always an Alderman who has been Lord Mayor, who enters on that office at the expiration of his mayoralty , E 2 CIVIL GOVERNMENT OF DUBLIN. The Lord Mayor, the Recorder and the Aider- men, are judges of Oyer and Terminer, or the king’s judges to try capital offences and misde- meanors for the city. One Alderman presides at each Police office, and the Q ne at the head office is Superintendent magistrate. All Aldermen, however, are not Police magistrates. THE COMMON CQUNCiL. The Common Council, (exclusive of the Lord Mayor and Aldermen before noticed,) consists of ninety- six members, chosen by their respective guilds or companies, of which there are twentv- five in number. They are elected for three years, and the election lakes place in November, every three years. In addition to which are the Sheriffs Peers, who are perpetual members of the Com- mons, but who are not to exceed fortv-embt jn number. The Jwo Sheriffs are also members of the Commons, in which they preside for the time being. The Sheriffs, who are strictly officers of the king, are chosen annually, generally from among the Commons, but any Freeman that is qualified is eligible. They are previous to their being elected sworn to be worth £2000. over and above their just debts. The Lord Mayor and board of Aldermen do nol J &it with the Common Council, except at the end POLICE OFFICES AND MAGISTRATES, £ O of every three years, to examine into the quali- fication, returns, &c. of the persons elected to serve in the Common Council for the three ensuing years. By the late Police act, one of the three magis- trates appointed at each Police office is to be a member of the Common Council. Six are there- fore justices of the peace, who are elected by the board of Aldermen and Commons. Every Freeman of the city of Dublin, although he has no vote in the Common Council, unless a member, has a vote in the election of a member of parliament. POLICE OFFICES AND MAGISTRATES. In order that Strangers may know where to ob- tain redress, in case of injury, it may be necessary to give a list of the police offices, where magi- strates sit every day. By an act of parliament passed in the 43th of his present majesty, the police of Dublin under- went a very material change, by whicn it now is nearly similar to the police establishment of London. The cpasb and its consumption is daily encreasing. There are several very extensive breweries in Dublin. The£ price by the quart is 3\d it is the same by the hot- tie. r I he number of porter-houses in Dublin are very considerable ; in some streets there three or four jm y ' v l , adjoining each other* Porter obtained its name in England about the year 1730, from the following circumstance : prior to the above period, the malt liquors in general use were, ale, beer, and two- penny, and it was customary for the drinkers of malt liquor to call for a pint or# quart of half-and-half, i. e. half of ale and half of beer; half of ale and half of two-penny, or half of beer and half of tv it also became the of two-thirds, meaning a third of each ; thus the m-penny 1 * * y 1 ' practice to call fora pint or q Uc 4 markets. G5 publican had the trouble to go to three casks for a pint' of liquor, to avoid this trouble and waste, a brewer, of the name of Harwood, conceived the idea of making a liquor which should partake of the united flavors of ale, beer and two-penny. He did so, and succeeded, calling it entire, or entire-butt- ^ beer, meaning that it was drawn entirely from one ^ * cask or butt, and being a hearty, nourishing liquor, it was suitable for porters, and other working people. Hence it obtained the name of porter. It is a ques- tion if this can be applied to such as is now made in Dublin, * j MARKETS. r ''•'Ormond Market, Ormond -quay, is an excel- ^ient market for butcher’s meat, poultry, fish, ve- geta des, &c. &c. near to which is Pill-lane, noted for fish. Patrick’s Market, Patrick-streef, is also a very excellent gnarket, where as line meat is sold as ever ’ } vas exhibited, particularly at the stalls between Bride’s-alley and Bull-alley. One side of the street only is applied to butcher’s shambles, and the othefr poulterer’s, grocer’s, huxter’s shops, &c. &e. Casti.e Market, GeorgeVstreet, though small, is a very good market. There are two entrances • into it from William-street. CifY 3|arket, Biackhall-row, has seldom little e sc but mutton, Jamb and pork. Clarendon Market, William-street, 66 CONSUMPTION OF COALS, Norfolk Market, Great Britain-slreet. Fleet Market, Townsend-street. There are two Markets off this street, both of which have ex- cellent beef, &c. &c , The shipping are supplied much from these markets. Leinster Market, D’Olier-street. Meath Market, Hanbury-lane, in the Liberty. Smitiifield Market, where live cattle, hay and straw are sold. Kevin Street, hay and straw, butter and bacon. Corn Market, Thomas-street. Corn Exchange, Poolbeg-street. Spittlefields Market, where bacon and pota- toes are more generally soul, is near Mark s-alley. Little Brittain-street, potatoes and fruit\ MaryVlane, eggs and poultry. Canal Harbour, JamesVstreet, turf and potatoes. . CONSUMPTION OF COALS. The consumption of coals in Dublin is very con- siderable, being upwards of 200,000 tons, annually, though many thousand tons of turf are brought by the two canals to the metropolis. In general they are from 26s. to 30s. a ton. There are public coal-yards established in Dublin, where poor room-keepers are supplied with coals at reduced prices, when they are extravagantly high. BANK OF IRELAND, 67 CHAP. III- PARTICULAIi DESCRIPTION OF OBJECTS THAT SEVERALLY DESERVE NOTICE IN DUBLIN. THE BANK OF IRELAND. *ThIS truly superb building is situate on the North side of College-green, and near Trinity College* It was begun in the year 1729, during the administration of lord Carteret, was ten year building, and, exclusive of considerable additions since made, cost o£40, 000* It was originally designed for, and until the Union between Great Britain and Ireland, in 1800, was occupied as the Senatorial hall of the Irish parliament. And it must be acknowledged, that not only the British empire, but Europe, could not boast of one so spacious and stately. For archie tectural beauties it is supposed to have no rival. 63 BANK of IRELAND* It is built of Portland stone. Its grand portico in College-green extends 147 feet. It is of the Ionic order, it may be imitated, but we believe it has not yet been excelled. It is said to have been designed by Mr. Cassel, though Sir Edward Lovet Pearce was considered the architect, and un- der his inspection it was principally executed, but on hi demise it was completed by Arthur Dobbs, Esq. Its site, including court yards, covers 1A. 2R. 1 3iP. or upwards of an acre and a half of land, and on the roof, which is principally flat, a regiment of soldiers might be placed to act with considera- ble effect, in time of danger. On the 27fch February, 1792, a great part of the' House of Commons was consumed by fire, but it was soon restored to equal, if not superior gran- deur. Two new fronts are also added, elegantly executed from a design of Mr. Gandon’s. The East front opens into Westmoreland-street, and the West into Foster-place. After the removal of the Irish parliament, this stately edifice was bought for a National Bank ; when, after considerable alterations were made, it was opened for that purpose, on the 6;h June, 18 08. * «. ' . The -changes that have been made to convert jfc to its present use, are mostly internal, though the BANK OF IRELAND. 69 exterior differs in some parts. The South East end, opposite the College, has been made to correspond with the South West. Iron palisades have been also placed round the building, and lamps, which produce a good effect. There is also a very con- siderable addition erected to the West, in Foster- place, which covers the late site of parliament-row, where is the printing office, a spacious new building, in which every branch, connected with that de- partment, is conducted on an entire new principle ; and also, a guard-room, sufficient to accommodate 50 soldiers, with furnished rooms for the officers. — Over the front are trophies of war, in Portland stone, well executed. No expence has been spared, or taste wanted, to make it, for elegance, the first Bank in the world. The Bank of England is far inferior to the Bank of Ireland. The architect, under whom all the alterations and additions have been executed, to apply it to its present purpose, Francis Johnston, Esq.— A view of a very neat model, that may be seen at the Bank, may give a stranger some idea of this superb and beautiful building. r i he entrance into the Bank, is by the great front in College-green, by two doors, one at the East, and the other at the West end of the portico. The Western entrance opens into a spacious hall, 50 feet square. On the right, is the entrance into the Cash office, which being situated in the centre of the building 5 70 RANK OF IRELAND. both, doors lead to that immediately on entering of either. Near the Cash office door is the West corridore, which leads to several offices, the Accountant General’s private office, the Book- keeper’s the Damaged Note office, the Governor’s room, principal Safe, Waiting rooms, and various other apartments. The corridore is continued North and East, and is upwards of 80 feet long in every direction. To the left of the hall is the Accountant General's office, and the South corridore, which leads to the Examiner’s the Bullion, and the Runner’s offices* a large flagged yard, and to the West hall and door in Foster- place. The public Safe or Reposi- tory for plate, &c. is near this entrance, and is CO feet long, by 34 broad. Some of the offices have chimney pieces, and grates of uncommon ele- gance. Cash Office — This office exceeds, hv far, any thaig of the kind, for elegance and extent. It is 70 feet by 53 feet, which is 550 square feet larger *han the Cash office of the Bank of England, that being 70 fee t by 40 feet. It is 50 feet high. The doors, desks and offices are all mahogany, (as they are throughout the Bank,) and executed in a very neat and regular form. Every part of the office is well lighted from above, and in such a manner, that it has justly BA NK OF IRELAND. 71 claimed much adnTratior. One row of mirrot windows on one side, being made so conformable to sashes on the oth r, that few would discover the deception. — It produces a goad effect. In this office, lodgments are made, post hills issu- ed, accepted, examined, marked and paid ; notes issued and exchanged, and dralts examined, marked and paid. The offices are numbered, and on the wall is painted their separate departments for i n- foicnatiou, yet we cannot help r^m »rk ng. that notwithstanding ali the care and regularity that has been attended to, a stranger may find himself at a loss to know to what office to apply, to get his business transacted, particularly mtea exchang- ed, It therefore somet-mes Happens, that a person who wishes a note or notes exchanged, after wait- ing a considerable time for his turn, is told, that he must go up higher or lower, according to the value of the note. Thus, for instance, if a person wishes small notes for one of five pounds, and he apt ly to either of the offices where he sees small notes exchanged” and there are none marked for any other, this is their business, bur of one where “ notes are issued ” We must also remark, that sometimes one clerk refers his business to another; but in general every attention as paid io the accom- modation of the public. 72 BANK OF IRELAND. This office is open from ten to three o’clock, when the doors are closed, and only those within at that time can have their business attended to. Private bankers’ notes are received in lodgments only, till two o’clock. Bullion Office — - This office is open from ten to three o’clock, to issue bank tokens for notes, for any sum not less than ten pounds, but only untill two o’clock to receive silver. On Saturdays in particular much buisness is done in this office, on account of the number who apply for silver on that day. Persons, therefore, who want notes for tokens should carefully avoid going on that day, as the office is so crowded, that it is difficult to obtain them at that time. Having briefly taken notice of some of the most public offices that are convenient to the Western front entrance, we shall now proceed to such as are on the opposite side, and nearer the Pastern front door. This door opens into a vestibule hall, to the right of which is the Stock and Transfer offices, the lat- ter of which is 40:6 feet by 26: 7 feet. Through this hall you pass to another that is oblong, to the left of which is the Cash office door, and opposite is the Chief Cashier’s office. From this hall also is one of the entrances into the Court of Proprie- BANK OF IRELAND. 73 tors, or the lute House of Lords, and the East coi- ? ridore, which leads to several offices and apartments • Those that appear to claim more particular attention, are the Discount office, the Directors* room, Silvei Safe, Secretary and Assistant Secretary $ olfices, and principlal Safe, which lies between tae Gover- nors and Directors* rooms. The Court of Proprietors, or late House of Lords. — T his stately same fate as the late For while the site of court has not met vnth the elegant House of Commons, one can scarcely be traced. the House of Peers remains the same as woe a oc- cupied for its original purpose. It is ? J feet long, by 33 feet broad, it is neat an 1 convenient, and the bare vie vv of it, cannot but cause some re- flection to an Irishman. Here are two large pieces of tapestry, ex- ecuted by a Dutch artist. One is a representation of the memorable battle of the Boyne, aal the # other, the siege of Londonderry. Both these pieces have much merit. They remain in the same state as when the house was in possession of the peers. Lately has been erected a most beautiful full length statue of his present Majesty, in his parliamentary Robes, and the ensigns of the Order of the Both, and St. Patrick. It was cut from one soli d block of white marble, is allowed to be one of the moA correct likeness, and, probably, as elegant a G 74 BANK OF IRELAND. piece of workmanship as in Europe. It stands on a superb pedestal, on which are two emblematical figures of Religion and Justice. It was executed by J. Bacon, jon. of London, and cost about ^S‘2000. It cannot but be highly gratifying to view this most exquisite master-piece ot workmanship. Any gentleman or lady is treely admitted to view this statue. — There is also, a very line bust of the Duke of Wellington, by Tumerille. There are four entrances into this apartment. Discount Office. — The entrance into this office is the first door on the ieft, after you enter the corridore. It is 31 feet by 20 feet. The hours of business in this office are from half past nine to half past eleven, in the forenoon, for receiving ot bills, at which time it closes till one, when the bills are to be called for. There is no business done in this office on Saturdays. Directors’ Room. — This apartment, which is 20 feet by 21 feet, is also on the left hand, the door of which is near the end of the corridore. Here a certain number of Directors meet every day, and the Board every Tuesday. TRINCIPAESAFE.-This safe appears to be 'made ro defy the violent hands of robbers, and the force •/ of devouring flames. Its walls arc of immense BANK OF IRELAND. iO strength, and the two windows near the top are so secured with bars after bars as to baffle a plunder- ers design. Each window has a large thick circle shutter, which is sheathed with strong iron. It is hung on a spindle, and is worked round by pulhes.- An aperture in this wheel shutter admits light when required, but when otherwise, it is an additional protection from fire. The entrance is from the Korth corridore. It is 14 feet by 12 feet. Secretary and Assistant Secretary's Offices, and Silver Safe, — 'T he Silver Safe is on the right of the East corridore, at the corner of a new one which leads to the East door. it is 19 feet by 18. The Secretary and Assistant Secretary’s Offices are at the end on the sam side. r AST Front Eoor —This front is at the end of Westmoreland -street, opposite Coliege-street, and was built after the fire before noticed. This door is not open to the public, it being only used as a private entrance for the Directors and principal officers. The Hall is 59 feet by 20 feet, out of which is an entrance into an elegant circular vestibule of 27 feet diameter, which opens into the new corri- dore that leads to the Court of Proprietors, and several apartments. The most particular that de- serves notice is the Armory, which is to the rffiht w BANK of IRELAND. »S you enter, is bound on one side by Westmore- Jand-street, and is 32 feet by 24 feet. Here a large stand of arms is kept in perfect order, with every accoutrement necessary in case of danger, snJ the officers and clerks of the Bank form a verv respectable corps of Yeomanry, whose loyalty is unquestionable. BunneuP Office.— This is open from two to thiee o clock, and from five to six oYlock in the evening, for the payment of bills that fall due to tne Bank of Ireland on that day, and have not been paid when called for, were made payable During tne public hours of hui ness, the entrance is by the Ti’~ wi front n'O 4 a & cl. C 111 r oliege-green o o where the Runners attend to receive notice left. Post bdls, or the same, ag Private bank reeable to notes are not receivable in payment for bills in the Bank of ireiand. Bills that become due cn a Sunday are not payable til! Monday, except English bills, which are payable on the Saturday before. Establishment.— T his National Establishment was first incorporated, by Act of Parliament, in 1783, and until the present Bank was opened it was situated in Mary’s- abbey. The profits of the Bank arise from their traffic in bullion, the dis- counting of bills of exchange, and the remunera- tion they receive from government for managing the public funds, and receiving the subscriptions on loans, &c. BANK OF IRELAND. 77 The direction of the Bank is vested in a Gover- nor, Deputy Governor and fifteen Directors. The J directors are annually chosen the first week in April, under the restriction that five new Directors at least aie to be chosen every year. This build- ing was first opened in June, 1808, There is no business done in the Bank of Ire- land on Good Friday, the King’s Birth-day, and Christmas Day. The Book-keeper, the Deputy Cashier, and the Assistant Secretary, have apartments in the Bank, are obliged to sleep in it, and each in rotation have charge of it every Sunday, to be always ready in case of any accident. There is also a house-keep- or, and others, who have private apartments. i he Bank is well supplied with fire engines, and v*ater, in case of fire. In the West tank yard a large engine is fixed, with 7h0 feet of 4 inch lead- en tube, which conveys the water over every part of the roof of the building. It requires thirty men to work this engine. There are also two other large carriage ones, with leather tubes, to convey water into any room required. An engine I s al ;° fixed in a,10the r square yard, and two shall ynd ones are kept in the interior. There arc two arge tanks well supplied with water below, and one very large one on the roof. 78 CASTLE OF DUBLIN. THE CASTLE OF DUBLIN. It is generally supposed, that Dublin Castle was originally built by Henry de Londres Arch- bishop of Dublin, and Lord Justice of Ireland. It appears, however, from the following patent, granted by King John, that it was probably begun by Meiler Fitz Henry, about the year 1205, though it was principally executed by Henry de Londres, who finished it in 1213. The following patent is the first account we have of the Castle of Dub- lin. " Rex dilecto, & c. The King to his beloved and faithful subject, Meiler Fitz Henry, Lord Justice of Ireland, greeting. You have given ns to understand, that you have not a convenient place wherein our treasure may be deposited ; and for as much, as well for that use as many others, a Fortress would be necessary for us at Dublin, we command you to erect a Castle there, in such com- petent place as you shall judge most expedient, as well to curb the city, as to defend it, if occasion shall so require, and that you make it as strong as you can, with good and durable walls# e , g ut y 0U are first to finish one tower, unless afterwards a Castle and Palace, and other works, that may require greater leisure, may be more conveniently raised, and that we should command CASTLE OP DUBLIN 79 you so to do, for which you have our pleasure, ac- cording to vour desire* At present, you may take to this use three hundred marks from G. Fitz- Robert, in which he stands indebted to us/'* “ We command also, our citizens of Dublin, that they strengthen t'neir city, and that you com- pel them thereunto, if they should prove refrac- tory. It is our pleasure also, that a fair to be held at Dublin every year, to continue for eight days, and to begin on the day of the invention of the Holy Cross ; another at Drogheda, on St. Johu Baptist’s day, with toll and custom thereunto be- longing ; another at Waterford, on the festival of St* Peter, ad vincula , for eight days, and another at Limerick, on the festival of St. Martin, for eight days. And we command you, that you give public notice hereof, by proclamation, that mer- chants may resort to them. Witness, the Lord Bishop of Norwich, at Geddington, August 31 1205.” In the reign of King John it was considered a place of strength, moated and flanked with towers, but the ditch has been long filled up, and the old buildings taken down, except the Wardrobe tow- er. Birmingham tower, at the Western extremity ot the Castle, was left standing until the year 177 5, when it was taken down, and rebuilt in 17/7, and has lately undergone a complete repair^ 80 CASTLE OF DUBLIN. It appears to have derived its name from Sir Wai- ter Birmingham, and Walter his son, who suffered along imprisonment in it, about the year 1331. It was for some time a place of confinement for state prisoners, but was afterwards converted into a re- pository for preserving the ancient records of the kingdom, with an establishment for the keeper of ten pounds, afterwards encreased to five hundred pounds a year. A part of the wall of this building is 14 feet thick. It was not until the reign of Queen Elizabeth, that the Castle was established as the royal seat of government, for before that time the Cnief Gover- nors held their courts in Kilmainham, and divers places. In the year 1559, the several habitations usually occupied bv the Lord Lieutenant being out of repair, Queen Elizabeth, in the third of her reign, 1500, sent a mandate to the Lord Lieutenant and council, " to repair and enlarge the Castle of Dublin, for the Chief Governors.” From an entry in the rolls of Chancery it ap- pears, that “ when Sir Henry Sidney, Lord De- puty, landed in 1505, he slept at Monkstown, and from thence removed to the house of Thomas Fitzwilliams, at Merrion, from whence as he ap- proached the city, the Sheriffs of Dublin met him, with sixty horse and a trumpeter, and at Hoggin- green ( now College-Green) the Mayor and Alder- CASTLE OF DUBLIN, 81 men received him in their formalities. He march- ed not through the city, but rode through the ford of St Mary’s abbey, and passed along Oxmantown- green to Kilmainham, to view the house, which was then in decay, and there the Sheriffs at the outer gate took their leave of him, and went home at two o’clock, and his Lordship went to St. Se- pulchre’s and there lodged, and on the 20th Jan. he was sworn in Christ church.” Hooker adds, that <( after he was sworn, the new appointed privy council conducted him to the Castle of Dub- lin, where he swore them, according to the Queen’s instructions.” From that time the Castle became the residence of the Lord LieutenanS and has Continued so to this day. Though the Castle of Dublin may appear at first veiw to possess but little claim to grandeur, yet upon the whole it is far superior in beauty, extent and elegant apartments, to the royal Palace of St. James’s. It is divided into two large courts or squares, called the Upper and Lower Castle Yards, both of w 7 hich claim attention. Upper Castle Yard — -The grand entrance into the upper or principal square, is from the lower end of Castle-street, near the Royal Exchange. Over the gate are two handsome statues, of Justice and Fortitude. In this square are apartments for the Master of the Ceremonies, and in the open space between the Ionic columns, in the front, th* 82 CASTLE OF DUBLIN-. State musicians appear on their Majesties 5 Birth days, and other particular occasions, when the cavalry from the garrison are drawn up in the square, and the whole make a splendid appear- ance. Connected with this view, at each end, is a re- gular range of buildings, which complete the North side of the square, an. I are appropriated to the us-) of the Secretary, and other officers under the Lord Lieutenant. The opposite side is ornamented by an arcade, at each side of a grand entrance, in the Doric order, which leaJs to the apartments, be- longing to the Viceroy, the Council-room, Ball- room, &Cc &c. all spacious and superb apart, meats. By a late act of parliament the Lord Lieutenant of Ireland is entitled to 30,000/. a year salary. The present Viceroy is his Excellency the Earl oi Vv 7 hit- worth. Lower Castle Yard— In the Lower Castle Yard are the Chapel, the Treasury, Board of Ordnance, Record Tower, Quarter Master General, War Secretary, and other officers, and near them are buildings for Military stores, Royal Gun Carriage Yard, &c. There is also an Arsenal, and Armory for 80,000 men. CASTLE OF DUBLIN. The Chapel. — This new and beautiful Royal Chapel, is probably one of the most finished pieces of Gothic are hitecture, for its size, in the United kingdoms. The first stone was laid in the year 1807, by his grace the Duke of Bedford, then Lord Lieutenant, and on Christmas Day, 1814, 'it was opened for public worship. His Excellency Earl Whitworth, V iceroy. It is built of stone, and the exterior is richly ornamented with a considerable number of well executed busts, among whom are the several sovereigns of England* At the East entrance are St. Patrick’s and Brien Boro, the famous king of Ireland, who, in the year 101 4, defeated the Danes in the memorable battle at Clontarf. Above, in the center, is that of the Virgin Mary. Over the North door is St. Peter with a key, which gives it the name of St. Peter’s gate. This entrance is the principal one into the Chapel. The interior is extremely beautiful. The Pu!pit p Desk, Throne, Gallery, Organ loft, Pews, &c 3 are all of Irish oak, richly ornamented with crimson. Pound the front of the Gallery is neatly cut the arms arid names of the several Lord Deputies, and Lord Lieutenants of Ireland ; from the first, in the reign of Henry the II. to the present Earl of Whitworth, whose name and arms is carved on the Vicegerent's Throne, — Opposite this Royal seat is 84 CASTLE OF DUBLIN. that of the Archbishop of Dublin, on which is the arms oi the Episcopal See, and the name of Saint Paine k. On the front of the Organ loft is the head and name of Carolan, the famous Irish musician, with a 'note book. This, however, could only have been done to shew his knowledge of that science, as he was born blind. The Organ is at the West end of the Chapel, and is of a fine tone. O.i the East window, over the Communion table, is painted the four Evangelists, and some Scriptural representation ; Judas betraying his Master; Christ before the High Piiest, and bound before Herod; Peter smiting the servant of the High Priest, &c. On the Pulpit and Desk is carved the arms of the several Bishopricks of Ireland, and the Cushon of the Pulpit is raised or lowered, by a screw inside, to suit the height of the preaclu r. In the passage are the heads of several Irish nuns and friars. The architect was Francis Johnston, Esq. It is opened for public worship, every Sunday at 12 o’clock. The Castle is entirely surrounded with a wall and houses, and is bounded by Dame-lane, the rere of George’s-street, Ship-street, Castle-street, and a new passage lately made from Ship- street to TRINITY COLLEGE. 85 Castie street. There are three entrances into the Castle, one in Castle-street, one in Ship-street, and one in Palace-street, oil Dame-street. I hese gates are open for the Public every clay, and the passage through the Yard is considered as a public road © during the day light, but in the evening the gates are cdosed. Centinels are posted at each of these gates night and day, and a number ot soldiers, both horse and foot, are quartered in the Castle. TRINITY COLLEGE. We are informed by several Irish historians, that in the times of paganism, there were schools in Ireland for the instruction of youth. They also universally agree, that Ollamli Fodlah, who was king of Ireland in the year 3236, was so great a favourer of learning, that he erected a fair palace at Tarah, called Mur Oiiomham, i. e. “ the walls of the bards, as a College for the learned men of his kingdom to reside in, at his own charge.” We shall not presume to determine what credit may be given to these writers. But whatever was the state of Irish seminaries before the introduction of Christianity, it is evident, that they shone with considerable lustre after; particularly in the 6th, 7th and 8th centuries. Armagh, Clonard, Ross, or Ross Carbery, ancientlv called Ross Ailithri Beg-Eri, Clonlert and Bangor, are noticed among oth° v sas ancient seats oi learning. II TRINITY COLLEGE* 26 In 1311, John Lech, Archbishop of Dublin, formed the design of erecting an University in Dub- lin. lie procured a bull from Pope Clement V. to carry his plan into execution, but the Archbi- snop dying about tv\o years after, the project failed. In 1320, Alexander dc Pick nor, his successor, revived the design, and obtained from Pope John XX! L a confirmation of the bull, and ap- pointed statutes to be obseved by the University which was erected in St. Patrick’s Church, Yv m. de Hard ite, a Dominican friar, with llenry Cogry and Edmond of Karmardin, tv\o other friars, were created Doctors of Divinity. William. Kodiart, Dean of St. Patrick’s, was promoted to Doctor of the Canon Law, and first Chancellor of that University. Several years alter it appears, that Divinity, and other lectures, were maintained there, but for want of a sufficient fund to support the students, the University by degrees dwindled away. J The next attempt was in a parliament assembled at Dublin, in 15(33, but without effect. In 1585, Sir John Perrot, Lord Deputy of Ire- land, endeavoured to establish two Universities in Dublin, and to lay their foundation in the desola- tion of the Cathedral of St. Patrick. This design was zealously opposed by Loftus, Archbishop of TRINITY COLLEGE. 87 Dublin, who considering the alienation a kind oi sacrilege, gave such opposition to the scheme that it was defeated; The Archbishop, however, anxious to see such a foundation established, applied to the Mayor and Citizens, in Common Council, and in two animated speeches persuaded them to grant the Augustine Monastery of All Saints, then within the suburbs, for erecting a College. Having. obtained this grant, he sent llenrv Lsh- er, afterwards Archbishop of Armagh, to petition the Queen for her royal chatter* The Queen im- mediately granted the petition, and on the 3d of March, 1510, a patent passed the great seal for founding the College ; to be called, Collegium Sanctae ct Indie iduae Trinitalis , juxii Dublin , a Serenissima Regina Elizabetha funaatum. “ The College of the Holy and Undivided Trinity, near Dublin, founded by the most Serene Queen Elizabeth.” As soon as her Majesty’s patent was obtained, the work was begun, and proceeded on with vigour. On the 13th March, 1531, Thomas Smith, Mayor of Dublin, laid the first stone, and on the 1st Jan. 1533, the first students were admitted. The Queen appointed Adam Loftus, Archbishop of Dublin, and Lord Chancellor of Ireland, the first Provost ; Henry Usher, Luke Chaloner and Lancelot Moyne, 88 TRINITY COLLEGE* the three first fellows, and Henry Lee, William Daniel and Stephen White, the three first scholars., in the name of more. It was not, however, without considerable diffi- culties, that this seminary was established. To provide a fund for its erection, the Lord Deputy, Fitz- Williams, issued circular letters to the prin- cipal gentlemen in each barony, to raise subscrip- tions, but the sums collected were very inconsi- derable, and the rebellion in Tyrone had nearly put a final stop to it, as the Queen’s endowment lay in Ulster, and all supplies were intercepted from that quarter. In 1601, the Queen took it under her more im- mediate care, and granted a further sum ol c£20 0, per annum. But the succours it received from the bounty of James I. and Charles, his successor, and others, have contributed to make it the Athens oi the kingdom of Ireland, Its original constitution being found very im- perfect, in the year 1637, a new charter and another set of statutes were obtained, which made material alterations in its government. Soon after the arrival of James II. in Ireland the fellows and scholars were forcibly ejected, by the soldiers of a King who has promised to defend their privileges. The communion plate, binary TRINITY COLLEGE* 89 ami furniture were seized, the College concerted into a barrack, and the chapel into a magazine. The structure of this University, is certainly one of the noblest of the kind in Europe. Its form is that of a parallelogram, extending in front 300 fee*, and in depth about (3 )0 feet, divided into two near- ly equal squares. The grand front, which is oppos'te to College- green, is built of Portland stone, and ornamented with Corinthian pillars, and other decorations, in excellent taste. It was erected in the vear 17 59, * and is enclosed with iron pal : sades. In the centre of this front is the vestibule, which is an octagon, terminated with groined arches, over which is the Museum. Passing through the vestibule is the first or princpal square, built chiefty by the munificence of parliament, who gave ©£42,000. for that purpose. The Theatre, the Chapel, and the Refectory-hall, are in this square and claim particular attention. A stranger may see them, on application to one of the porters. The inner square is chiefly composed of brick buildings, containing apartments for the students. The South side is entirely taken up by the Library, i he Anatomy-house and printing office are in the Park, and the Provost’s house is on the East side of Grafton-street, adjoining the College. The Park, the Bowling Green, Fellows’ Garden, &c. contain 25 acres, I rood, 33 peiches, English. 90 TRINITY COLLEGE. Museum — The entrance into the Museum is bv J the door to the right, in the centre of the vestibule, and is open to the public every clay, (Sundays and Holidays excepted,) from one to two o clock. On entering the door, previous to ascending the stairs to the Museum, there are a few things that claim attention, the princpal of which are a lar^e mode! of a Roman Gallery, made of plaster-of-puris, an alligator, an ancient Irish sword, arrows and other weapons of war, and an old painting of the Spanish and Rebel army besieged in Kinsale, in October, 1601, by Lord Mountjoy and Lord Clanrickard. The attempts of Don Alonzo del Campo, assisted by Tyrone and O’Donncl, to raise the siege, claim some attention. The Museum is a beautiful room, 60 feet by 40, furnished with a collection of Irish fossils, and a variety of curious and exotic natural and artifical productions, among which is a very good collection of curiosities from the South Pacific ocean, and the North We st coast of North America, persented by Dr. Patten and Captain King, which make a very conspicuous figure. A chief mourner’s dress of Otaheite displays much taste mingled with barba- rity, and one of a naval warrior merits attention. There is also a quantity of the various clothes made from the bark of trees, in the different islands in the great South seas, and fishing nets well executed. The rich cloaks and leathers, with the warlike weapons and drums, and other instruments of mu- sic, will not be passed by unnoticed. TRINITY COLLEGE. 91 A Mohawk warrior in arms, two Egyptian mummies, a model of a Chinese junk, several Chinese articles of apparel, curious birds’ nests, birds, a large shark, a petrified mouse’s nest and toads, a large model of the giant’s causeway, &c. are among the various articles that attract notice. There is no charge made for seeing this Museum, though some acknowledgment is usually expected, which frequently makes it unpleasant to the feel- ings of visitors, as they are at a loss to know what compensation to make to the person who shows them. We believe, that a tenpenny piece will be considered, by the person who has the charge, perfectly sufficient to satisfy him for his trouble. The present person appears to be very civil and obliging. Theatre. — The Theatre is on the South side of the principal or parliament square, and is a very beautiful building. The front is decorated with four Corinthian columns, supporting a pediment, and the interior, exclusive of a recess 36 feet in diameter, is SO feet long, 40 feet broad, and 44 ft. high. It is elegantly ornamented with stucco work, and contains whole-length portraits of the foundress, Queen Elizabeth, Archbishop Usher, Archbishop King, Bishop Berkely, William Mo- lyneaux, Esq. Dean Swift, Dr Baldwin, Lord Clare, and the Right Hon. John Foster. In the centre of this Theatre, to the right, is a very beautiful marble monument of Dr. Baldwin 92 trinity c 0Lz.ro r. la’o Provost. Ft was executed at Rome, by a Mr, Hewitson, a native of Ireland, and cost £ 10,000. i he Provost is represented in a recumbent posture, expu big, with a scroll, refering to h:s will, by which he left his fortune, amounting to £ 80 , 000 , to the College. Chapel. — The Chapel is on the North side of the square, tiic front of which is opposite to, and corresponds with the Theatre. It is an elegant O building. In the year 1787, the Irish parliament granted £ 12 , 000 . for building this Chapel, but it cost considerably more. It is finished in a very neat style. Both the Theatre and Chapel were built from designs by Sir William Chambers, Architect to his Majesty, by Mr. Graham Myers. Refectory— l ire Refectory, or Dining half, is on the same side of the square as the Chapel, and contains a spacious room, capable of containing 300 peisons, ever which is the Historical Society room, &c. Library— The Library is on the South side of the inner square, the whole of which it occupies. It is supported by a piazza, was built in the year 373 2 , of brick and stone, and though the outside appears mouldering fast, the inside is beautiful, commodious and magnificent. The great repository room is 210 feet long, 40 wide and 40 high, it is very convenienly fitted TRINITY COLLEGE, 93 up, and contains many thousand books, and seve- ral hundred manuscripts. The galleries are adorned with busts of the fol- lowing illustrous personages, sculptured in white marble, by eminent artists’ viz, Plato, Socrates, Aristotle, Cicero, Demosthenes, Homer, Shaks- pear, Milton, Bacon, Newton, Lock, Boyle, Swift, Parnel, Arcbishop Usher, Earl of Pem- broke, Dr. Delany, Dr. Lawson, Dr. Gilbert, Dr. Baldwin, and Dr. Clements. Among the manuscripts are many that relate to Irish history and antiquities, particularly to the troubles of 164!, the depositions relative to which are to be found here, with the settlement of Ire- land, and plantation of it by James I. They are, however not confined to Irish affairs, as many of them are scarce and valuable copies of the sacred scriptures, particularly the New Testament. Here is also the Greek manuscript of the New Testa- ment which belonged to Montfortins, said to be the only genuine book extant, which read the contested passage in 1 John, v. 7. Among a variety of oilier articles are some old translations ot the Bible, by Wickliffe, Per vie, Ambrose, Usher, &c. &c. seveial on the arts and sciences, and some old English and Irish poems with five tracts of Wickliffe, the old reformer. A great part of the books on one side, were col- lected by Archbishop Usher, the remainder on 94 trintiy college* tiie same side, were the bequest of Dr. Gilbert who collected them for the purpose to which they are now applied. Dr. Palliser, Archbishop of Cashel, bequeathed above 4000 volumes, to be cal- led Bibliotheca Palliser iana, and placed next to the Bibliotheca Ussen'ana. The Library is open from eight o’clock to ten, ana from eleven o’clock to one, every day, Sun- days and Holidays excepted. Graduates and sworn members only can have the use of this Li- brary, nor can any one on any pretence whatever t.’C allowed to take any book out. Strangers may see it, if attended by a member. Anatomy House. — The Anatomy house is on the South side of the Park, and is worthy of in- spection, for although the curiosities it contains are not numerous, and they are not kept in the state they merit, yet there are some that cannot be found in any other Museum, in any country. The first that claims particular attention, is a number of human figures in wax, as large as life, representing females in almost every state of preg- nancy. They are done on real skeletons, and were executed by Monsieur de None, at Paris who was forty years compleating them. This va- luable collection was purchased by the late Earl of Shelburne, who presented them to the College, about the year 1752. They are in large glass cases, preserved in a seperate room, appropriated for the purpose, TRINITY COLLEGE* 95 la one of the corners of the Lecture-room, is one of the greatest curiosities that Nature ever pro- duced, called the ossifie i man* It is the skeleton of one Clark, a native of Cork, who was entirely ossified in his life time, and lived in that miserable condition several years. Those that knew him be- fore this surprising alteration, affirm that he had been a young man of great strength and agility, lie felt the first symptoms of this wonderful change a short time after he had lain all night in afield, after great dissipation, till bv slow degrees every part grew into a bony substance, excepting his skin, eyes and entrails. His joints settled in such a manner, that no ligiment had its proper opera- tion. He could not lie down nor rise, without as- sistance. He had no bend in his body, yet, when he was placed upright,- hke a statue, he could stand, but could not move, no more than the dead* His teeth were joined, and formed into one entire bone, therefore, a hole was broken through them to convey liquid substance for Ids nourishment, to preserve a miserable life. 11 s tongue lost, its use, and ids sight, which lie possessed for a con- siderable time, at last left him some time before he expired. It is astonishing, that there is not more care taken to preserve this truly curious skeleton. In the opposite corner to the ossified man, is the skeleton of one Magralh, of an extraordinary sta- ture. He is said to have been an orphan, who, when a child, fell into the Hands of the famous Bishop Berkley, Bishop of Cloyne, who appears 96 trinity college. to have been as inquisitive in his physical re* staid e$, as lie was whimsical in his metaphysical speculations. It is said, that the Bishop had a strange fancy to know, whether it was not in the power of art to encrease the human stature ; and this unfor- tunate orphan appeared to him a fit subject for trial. lie made the experiment according to his preconceived theory, and the consequence was, t.ie boy became seven feet high in his sixteenth year. He was carried through several parts of Europe for the last few years of his life, and ex- hibited as the Irish giant. He was, however, so disorganised, that he contracted an universal irn- bed i ty both of body and mind, and died of old age at twenty. His under jaw was monstrous, yet his scul! did not exceed the common size. When we understand. Unit the Bishop had nearly put an end to his own existence in this world, in order to experience what are the sensations of a person dying on the gallows, we are more disposed to forgive him for his treatment to this poor found- ling. Park. — To the East is the Park, for the relax- ation of the students, which exceeds in extent, and rural beauty, many public places of amuse- ment. It contains near eight acres. On the North side, opposite the Anatomy-house, is the Printing- office, a neat structure, built in the Modern taste. trinity college. 07 On the same side, has lately been erected a new range of uniform buildings, that make a handsome appearance fromCarlile-bridge and D Olier-street. Provost’s House. — The Provost’s house is erect- ed on the East side of Grafton-sfcreet, near the Col- lege. The plan is chiefly taken from a house in Great Burlington-street, London, designed by the Right Hon. Richard, Earl of Burlington and Cork, and to be seen in Campbell’s Vitruvius Tirittanicus • The front is built of freestone, and is richly em- bellished, in the first story, bv isical and rusticat- ed work, and in the second, by a range of pi- lasters, in the Doric order, with their entablature and pedestals, between each of them. Under the windows, are balustrades, and in the centre, a Venetian window of the Tuscan order. The apart- ments are judiciously disposed, and elegantly de- corated. The offices, which are detached (rom the house, and appear as wings, are neat and commodious. Before the house is a spacious court, enclosed by a high wall, with a handsome gate- way, but which almost compleatly hides the build- ing from public view, and i< no embellishment to the street. Its removal, therefore, appears high- ly desirable, as it would be an additional improve- ment to that part of the city. There are some «/ paintings of considerable merit in this mansion. Number of Fellows, &c. — The number of feL lowships fixed at present, is twenty-two, seven I 93 ROYAL EXCHANGE, Senior and fifteen Junior. There are besides, five royal professorships, viz. Divinity, Common Law, Civil Law, Physic and Greek, and three in Medi- cine, according to the will of Sir Patrick Dun, Knt. M. !>. viz. Theory and Practise of Physic, Surgery, Midwifery, Pharmacy and the Materia Medica. There are also professors in the Mathe- matieks, Oriental 'Longues, Oratory, History and Natural Philosophy. Many are the small exhibitions, &c» in this University, for the encouragement of youth in the course of their studies; for a great proportion of which, as well as for the five last noticed pro- fessorships, this royal seminary is indebted to the bounty of Erasmus Smith, Esq. of whose public spirited and humane disposition, many other mo- numents are to be found. The number of students is generally from about 600 to 700, ROYAL EXCHANGE. The Royal Exchange is situated in tne centre of the city, near the Castle, and opposite Parliament- street and Essex-bridge, of which it commands a pleasing prospective view. It is certainly a very magnificent edifice. It was began in the year 1769. The first stone was laid by his Excellency, George, Lord Viscount royal exchange. 99 Townsencl, then Lord Lieutenant of Ireland. A parliamentary grant of £\ 3,500. was obtained, five years before, through the zeal and activity of I)r. Lucas, which purchased the site, and the Duke of Northumberland, then Lord Lieutenent, furthered the grant, and procured the royal charter for in- corporating the trustees. lie also presented the statue of his present Majesty. The building was designed by Mr. Cooley, was ten years creeling, and was opened for transacting business in the be- ginning of the year 1779. The expenses, amount- ing to about cT40,000. were defrayed by lottery schemes, conducted by the merchants of Dublin, with integrity and honour. The form of this edifice is nearly a square, hav- ing three fronts of Portland stone, in the Corin- thian order, crowned by' a dome in the centre of the building. North Front.— The North front is the most perfect. A range of six columns, with their cor- respondent pilasters and entablatures, sustain a noble pediment, highly decorated. At each side on the same range are two pilasters. On account of the acclivity of the ground on which the Ex- change is built, the entrance is by a large flight c f steps, and before it is a handsome balustrade, supported by stone work. Previous to the year O, he balustrades were of massy cast iron, but being only supported by an outside wall, of four inches thickness, a great crowd of people having 100 ROYAL EXCHANGE assembled to see a chimney-sweeper whipt for cruelty to his apprentice, the whole fell, when sev- eral lives were lost and limbs broken. In this front, between the columns, are three entrances, with ele- gant iron gates, hung to Ionic pilasters. Immediately over the gates are three windows, between the columns, that assist in lighting the Coffee-room. On each side of those windows are two others, all richly ornamented by architraves, &c. The lower part, between the pilasters, is embellished with rustic work. West Front. — The West front varies but little from the North, except the want of a pediment. A regular range of Corinthian pilasters, with their entablature, are continued throughout the three fronts, and support a handsome balustrade, which is only interrupted by the pediment in the North front. In the centre of the West side is a projec- tion of the entablature, supported by four columns, between which are three glass doors, with Ionic pilasters, like those already described. In the up- per floor is a range of windows, like those in the North front. Interior. —The interior of this edifice possesses several architectural beauties. 1 he dome is spa- cious, lofty and noble, and is supported by twelve composite fluted columns, which form a circular walk, in the centre of the ambulatory, for the merchants. The entablature over the columns enriched in a splendid manner, and aoo\e that royal exchange. 101 arc twelve elegant circular windows. Tiie deling, of the dome is decorated with stucco ornaments, in the Mosaic taste, divided into small hexagonal compartments, and in the centre is a large win- dow, that illuminates most of the building. Directly opposite the North front entrance, be- tween two columns, is a statute in brass of his pre- sent Majesty, George 111. on a white marble pe- destal. His Majesty is in a Roman military habit* crowned with laurel, and holding a truncheon in his hand, It was executed by Van Most, and cost to 700 guineas. On each side of the fluted columns that support the dome, are semi-pilasters of the Ionic order, that extend to upwards of half the height of the columns. Over the pilasters is an entablature, and above that, in the space between the columns, are elegant festoons of drapery, and other ornamental decorations, with a clock over the statue of his Majesty. The floor through the whole ambulatory is handsomely inlaid, particu- larly in the central part. The columns, pilasters, arcade, floors, stair-cases, &c. are all of Portland stone, which creates a good effect. At each extremity of the North side of the Ex- change, are oval geometrical stair-case, which lead to the Coffee-room, and other apartments on the same floor. The stair-cases are enlightened by flat oval lanterns in the ceiling, which is embeD lished by handsome stucco ornaments. In some of the compartments, are represented figures found 102 ROYAL EXCHANGE. in the ruins ol Herculaneum, with the grounds co- loured. In a nich, on the West stair-case, is a beautiful pedestrian statue of the late Dr. Charles I, ticas, sculptured in white marble, by Mr. Edw. Smyth, the expense of which was defrayed by a number of gentlemen, in remembrance of the de- ceased patriot. On the body of the pedestal, in bas-relief, is a representation of Liberty, seated with rod and cap. Coffee Room. —The Coffee-room extends frons one stair-case to the other, almost the whole length o of the North front, and its breadth is from the front to the dome, and is a very magnificent room. It is lighted by windows in the front, and by oval lanterns in the flat of the ceiling, which is highly ornamented, and from which is suspended a large lustre. The other embellishments of this room arc in good taste, and convenient. On one side is & clock, surrounded with stucco ornaments. There are several other elegant rooms in thU building, that claim equal attention, w 7 here the committee of merchants, and commissioners of bankruptcies, meet from time to time, and some public bodies, on particular occasions. It has, however, not been found adapted to every branch of commercial transactions, some part of which is therefore conducted at the Commercial Buildings, in Dame-street. Many and various are the opini- ons relative to the beauties and defects ol this edi- fice,, it must be admitted; that it has its defects; COMMERCIAL BUILDINGS, 103 an d that it may not be calculated for all the pur- poses intended, but for its architectural beauties, and accommodations for the principal objects then in view, it is deserving of admiration. As a pub- lic building it claims particular attention. The Trustees of the Royal Exchange, are, the Lord Mayor, High Sheriffs, City Representatives, City Treasurer, and Senior Master of the Guild of Merchants, all for the time being, and twelve mer- chants of respectability. COMMERCIAL BUILDINGS. This edifice is on the North side of Dame-street, near College-green, It was erected by a Compa- ny of merchants, for transacting several branches of business, for which the Royal Exchange was judged inconvenient. On the 29th July, J790, the first stone was laid, and on the 1st Jan. 1798, the Company was incorporated by royal charter. This Company elect annually, in March, fifteen members, as a Committee of Directors, who con« duct the business for the ensuing year. It is a spacious and neat building, and well cal- culated for the purposes intended. The Coffee- room is extensive, and the several. Brokers* offi- ces, &c. are fitted up in the best manner. Brokers* Sales, Snip Insurances, Stock Exchange, &c are chiefly conducted in the Commercial Buildings. I he Stock Exchange is held in the great cere 104 CUSTOM HOUSE. room over the Coffee-room. ; is open a quarter fore 3, and closes a quarter after 3 o'clock. * CUSTOM HOUSE. This building*, appropriated to the receiving the Kino’s duties, called the Customs on Exports and Imports, cannot, not only for the magnitude of its business, but for the beauty of its architec- ture, be overlooked. As long as it remains, it will exhibit a beautiful monument of nationl taste and ingenuity. The Custom House stands on the North side of the river, below Carhsle-bridge. It was begun m the year 1781, and was opened for public business on the 7th Nov. 1791, being ten years building. It is 375 feet in extent, and 20b feet in depth, having the singular advantage of four fronts, va- riously designed. South Front. — The South, or the front oppo- site the river, is composed of paviilions at each end, joined to arcades, and united to the centre. The order is Doric, and is finished w ith an enta- blature, and a bold projecting cornice. The cen- tre is enriched with a group of figures, represent- ing Ireland and England embracing each other, and holding in their hands the emblems of peace and liberty. They are seated on a naval car, drawn by sea-horses, followed by a fleet of mer- chant siin s from different nations. On the r*gM of Britannia is Neptune driving away envy and , • ■ : CUSTOM HOUSE. 105 discord. On the attic story are placed four aiie- gorical statues* alluding to industry* commerce, navigation and riches. The pavillions are termi- nated with the arms ot Ireland, in a shield deco- rated with fruit and flowers, supported by the bon and unicorn, forming a group ot massive orna- ment. A magnificent dome, 125 feet high, rises in the centre, holding a female statue of commerce. The statue is 16 feet high. This dome is a con- siderable ornament to the Eastern part of the city The key-stones of the arches are decorated with Colossal heads, emblematic of the principal rivers }n Ireland, and the countries through which they flow, well executed. North Front. — Over the central columns of the North front are four statues, representing Europe, Asia, Africa and America. Opposite to this front is a handsome crescent, called Beresford-place* The South front is entirely of Portland stone, the other three, of white mountain granite. The mansisons of the two Chief Commissioners of the Revenue, the two Secretaries, the offices stores, &c. are contained in this beautiful building. Interior— The interior claims equal attention to the exterior of this edifice, and must be view- ed, to form any suitable idea of the various apart- ments, &c. ‘llie great stair-case, with its Ionic colonnade, is greatly and deservedly admired, unit- ing taste with grandeur, and possessing novelty of design. The simple arrangement of all its interior 105 CUSTOM HOUSE. parts, with the numerous offices, is judiciously made, and well adapted to their various purposes, but are to numerous to be particularly noticed in this work. The Long-room is 70 feet by 05, and is 30 leet high. This room alone, is worthy the attention of the stranger who would form an idea of Irish commerce. The estimate of this great public building was ,£163,363. to which numerous and unforeseen inci- dents must be added, with the expence of furnish- ing the offices, making the whole expense 255,0001 The architect was James Gandon, Esq. who plan- ed the design, and conducted the execution* Close to the Eastern front is a broad wharf, and a wet dock, capable of containing 40 sail of ship- ing. This was completed in 1796, and is an ex- cellent accommodation for vessels loading and un- loading. There are also large ranges of store- houses for merchandize, and in front, are quays, with cranes for loading and unloading. The Com- missioners of his Majesty*s JRevenue, have also commenced to make a large new dock and store- houses, Eastward of the present dock, and Eastern stores. The business of the Customs is managed by Com- missioners, whose jurisdiction extends over every port in Ireland ; besides which, there are a multb tilde of officers and clerks belonging to it. CUSTOM HOUSE. 107 la Jane, 1801), an act was passed in the Impe- rial parliament, which prohibited the officers from receiving any tees from merchants entering their goods, &c. Some new regulations were certainly necessary, as frequently, in some small articles imported, more than double the duty was required for fees. Some merchants, however, consider the alteration an impediment to business, as their time is frequently so much more taken up in passing their entries, through the delay occasioned by those concerned; an evil which (if true ) requires a speedy remedy. Holydays. — The only Holydays now kept at the Custom-house are, Sundays, Christmas-day, Good Friday, and any day appointed for a General Fast or Thanksgiving ; also, the 30th May, Coronation of his Majesty, and the Birth-davs of their Majes- ties, and of the Prince of Wales. The principal entrance to the Custom-house is from Eden-quay, that has lately been made to correspond with this elegant building. The Permit-office is open from sunrise to sun- set, every day throughout the year, except the days before noticed. Many have been the objections made against the site of the Custom-house, which must be ad- mitted is too near the river, tor it certainly- would have appeared to greater advantage, and would have been more convenient, if the quay had been 108 GENERAL POST OFFICE, broader. Yet, with every defect, this elegant structure is, in point of beauty and convenience equal, if not superior, to any building of the kind, in Europe. GENERAL POST OFFICE. This new, spacious, and elegant edifice, im- portant in its establishment to the nation, is a great additional architectural embellishment to the metro- polis of Ireland. It is situated on the West side of Sackville-street, near Nelson’s Pillar, and is very expensive. The front is decorated with six Corin- thian Pillars, supporting a grand portico, under which is the foot entrance to the different depart- ments and spacious court yard. in Princess-street and Henry-street are the arched passages for the Mad Coaches who receive their different hags in the ( our -yard previous to their departure. As a building, it has no equal on the same establishment in the world. The Post Office system is, certainly, one of the most perfect regulations of finance existing under anv government, and the most impoitant spot on the face of the globe. It not only supplies the go- vernment with a great revenue, but it receives in- formation from the poles, and distributes instruction to the antipodes. It connects together more nu- merous and distant collections of men than any other similar establishment ; and in it may be said t# be deposited, for circulation, almost the brains GENERAL POST OFFICE, 109 the whole earth: It has been gradually Drought to its present state of perfection, and while it en- creases the revenue of the state, it does it by means beneficial to the persons contributing. Commerce derives from it a facility of correspondence, that it could not have from any less powerful engine* The mode of conveying letters by the General Post, has been greatly improved in Ireland within these few years. The plan is now the same as in England, following Mr. Palmer's most admirable plan of conveying letters by coaches, called Mail coaches. These coaches are now equal to any in his Majesty's dominions, and the cattle are in the highest order* They are provided with a double guard, well armed, and forwarded at the rate of eight English miles an hour, including stoppages. Every year, the improvements in this establishment have been really astonishing. The rapidity of this mode of conveyance is not to be equalled in any country, England excepted, and is not ex-* ceeded there. Houses having boxes for receiving letters, before 5 o'clock, are open in several parts of the city a after that hour bell-men go about to collect letters for another hour, receiving a fee of one penny for each letter, but at the General Post Office letters are received till seven o’clock. A fee must be paid for any letter received after that hour. Letters for England should not be put into any of the receiving offices* K ilO GENERAL POST OFFICE* T he Mails for England leave Dublin every even- ing, except Sunday, and are due in Dublin every day, except Wednesday. Letters fur Ireland, and all parts of Scotland, are received until seven o’clock. Letters from Dublin to any part of the East Indies, pay the postage to London. Franks are chargeable when above one ounctf weight. Single letters to and from private soldiers, must have one penny paid at the time they are put into the Office, otherwise they are liable to the full duty. J The Postage of letters to or from any part what- soever of his Majesty's dominions in Europe or the West-Indies, (except to Gibralter and Malta,) may or may not be paid at the time of putting them in- to the Post Office, at the option of the writer. Letters from any part of Ireland, for any oi the places under the title of Foreign letters, are be- sides the said Foreign rates they are chargeable with, to pay at the Office where they are put in, the full postage to Dublin, without which they cannot be forw arded ; therefore, all persons are to take particular notice thereof, to prevent the ne- cessity of their letters being opened, and returned for the Postage. PACKETS, 111 All double, treble, and other letters and packets whatever, pay in proportion to the respective rates of single letters. Packets chargeable by weight, pay after the rate of four single letter iOt eveiy ounce weight, and so in proportion for any great- er weight, reckoning every quarter of an ounce equal to a single letter. Letters to al! parts of Europe are dispatched from London every Tuesday and Friday, except to Por- tugal, (by the Packet boats to Lisbon, on Tuesday only. Letters to the Leeward Islands arc dispatched from London the first and third Wednesday in every month. To Jamaica, and all parts of North America, on the first Wednesday in eveiy month, only. The Mails from Dublin for England are dis ed for Holyhead every day in the week, except Sunday. PACKETS BETWEEN DUBLIN AND HOLYHEAD. Spencer, Captain Western. Union, Captain Skinner. UxuiuDGE, Captain Stevens. Montrose, Captain Goddart. Pelliam, Captain Judd. CmcHi STER, Captain Rogers. Liverpool, Captain Davis. ♦ 1 1 ^ G UNREAL PENNY-POST OFFICE* Packet Wherries.— The Camden and Cook* Wherries, employed by Government, in addition to the Packets under the direction of Stephen Draper, Esq. GENERAL PENNY-POST OFFICE. This Office is situated in the Post Office yard, connected with the General Post Office. On the 21th June, 1810, this establishment very consider- ably enlarged their plan, which promises to be of much service to the city and suburbs. A number of Receiving Offices are established in the city and country limits, which extend four miles from this Office. — In the city there are four collections and deliveries daily ; and in the coum try, two, daily ; Sundays excepted. All letters, whether for town or country, may be put into the receiver, at this Office, one hour later than specified, for each dispatch* TIME FOR PUTTING IN LETTERS. II M For 1st delivery, over night, by 9 0 2d ditto Morning,.... 9 30 5d ditto Afternoon, ...... 1 30 4th ditto Evening, 4 30 TIME OF DELIVERY IN THE CITY. II M II M Morning, between 8 30 and 11 0 ISfoon, ditto 11 0 and 1 0 Evening, ditto 3 0 and 5 0 Evening, ditto 6 0 and 8 O GENERAL PENNr-POST OFFICE. US TIME OF DELIVERY IN THE COUNTRY. f H M IT M Morning, between 9 0 and 12 0 Evening, ditto 5 0 and 6 0 The Postage on each letter to and from a- 1 parts of the city, within the General Post delivery, is one-penny : beyond that delivery; two-pence, the Postage of this Cilice on each letter, passing through its country receivers, for General or Fo- reign dispatch, is two pence. The only place where letters can be Post-paid, is at this Office. No letter exceeding four ounces in weight, will pass through this Office, except such as comes by or is intended for General or Foreign disoatch. Persons sending bank notes, or drafts payable to bearer, are requested to cut them in half, re- taining one part until tiie oilier is acknowledged. Persons having occasion to complain of delay in tiie delivery of letters, are requested to send the covers, enclosed, to the Comptroller, stating the time of receipt, as the hour and dated stamp with which each letter is impressed, will immediately discover where the neglect is, if anv lies, it is also requested, that persons will not delay the carrier longer than can be avoided. The penalty for illegally conveying, or delivering, &c. &c. letters, is <£5. for every offence, and oflOO. for every week the practise is continued. The Post Masters General, wishing to place the business of tins Office on as correct a footing as that of the General Office, so as to ensure the con- K 5 114 FOUR COO RTS, fidence and encouragement of the public, for whose accommodation and convenience it has, at a great expense, been established, have requested, that persons observing any irregularity or neglec of duty in the carriers, may communicate the same to the Comptroller, as they are determined to punish every such neglect or irregularity in th$ severest manner* FOUR COURTS. The new Courts of justice, commonly called the Four Courts, are situated on the North side of the Lifley, on King’s Inns-quay, near Richmond-bridge, and are buildings that claim particular attention. The first stone was laid on the iSth March, 1786, by the Duke of Rutland, then Lord Lieutenant, attended by the Lord Chancellor, the Judges and King's Counsel, and on the 3d Nov. 17 86, it was opened for the administration of justice. The Courts and suit of Public offices, form one grand pile of excellent architecture, which, when viewed from the opposite side of the river, produces a fine effect. The extent of the building is 433 feet long, the wings are 99 feet by SO.. The principal front is opposite the river. It if composed of six columns of the Corinthian order, in the centre of which is the principal entrance into the courts. In the middle of this building is % large circular hall, 64 feet in diameter, which FOUR COURTS. 115 in Term time is crowded with lawyers and loun- gers. In this hall, during the general bustle, per- son have been sometimes deprived of their pocket books, which should teach strangers to be cautious in this place, as it is natural to suppose, that pick- pockets will avail themselves of such crowded and confused assemblies. The upper part of the dome of this hall, is or- namented with the busts of the most celebrated legislators. Ancient and Modern, adorned with sculptured devices, appropriate, and executed in a masterly manner. In this hall are the several entrances into the different Courts of justice, the King’s Bench, Exchequer, Chancery and Common Pleas, and several other apartments. The Courts are fitted up in a neat and conveni- ent form, with Jury boxes, Jury rooms, and everv convenience. The Presenting Term Grand Jury room is in the Court of King’s Bench. This Jury is generally composed of Alderman and Sheriffs Peers. The Judges go in procession to open the Courts, on the first sitting day in each Term. The wings are composed of a range of Law ofnees, finished in an elegant manner, and the whole structure has seldom been excelled, The site, however, is too near the river, a very visible delect, and supposed by some to be injurious to the building. 116 FOUR COURTS. i\o?.r this building has lately been erected & new handsome bridge, called Richmond-bridge, which cost ot’23,700. On the 5lu June, 1795, the Royal assent was gnen to an aci lor establishing the new Courts ol justice, and new Sessions-house, and constitutin'* the same to be within the county of the city of Dublin, and county of Dublin. It is worthy of remark, that in the reign of Edward III. the Courts of Common Pleas and Exchequer were held at Carlow. Previous to the opening of the Four Courts, the old Courts of justice were in Christ Church-lane, a very inconvenient situation, but the removal of which, however, has very materially injured this part of the city. To remedy the injury, an act was passed in the session of 1807, to open wide and convenient streets, and improve this part of Dublin ; to accomplish which £ 100,000. is allowed to be expended West of his Majesty’s castle, and South of the river Anna LifFey. This act, if pro- perly carried into effect, will greatly improve this ancient, and once respectable, and principal part of the city. DUBLIN SOCIETY HOUSE m DUBLIN SOCIETY HOUSE. This spacious and elegant edifice, the repository of antiquities, minerals, and various articles connect- ed with the Fine arts, and the improvement of hus- bandry, is situate in Kildare-street, and is a very commodious building. The Dublin Society was first established in the year 1731, and was incorporated by act of parlia- ment, in 1749* Among its chief promoters, the late Mr. Prior, and the Rev. Dr. Madan, must be first ranked. The house itself is a stately edifice, and the spa* clous additions, and great improvements that are now making, will considerably encrease its digni- ty. As a repository for scarce and valuable pro- ductions, &c. it claims particular attention ; it is the first in the kingdom, and may be called the Irish Museum. It was originally the town residence of his Grace the late Duke of Leinster, but was sold to the Dublin Society tor o£20,000. The form of this building is rectangle, 140 feet long, by 70 deep; with a circu- lar bow in the middle of the North end, rising tvro stories. At each end of the front are short Doric colonnades, communicating to the Chymical, La- boratory and Lecture-room, and other apartments, making, on the whole, an extent of more than 210 U8 DUBLIN SOCIETY HOUSE. ieet^ the breadth of the court yard. The court is (surrounded by a high stone wall, which, after pro- ceeding parallel to two gate- ways, opposite each other, the court being uniform, it takes a circular sweep to the entrance gate-way, directly fronting the house. From the centre of the rear, on a level with the ground floor, a double flight of steps ex- tend across the area, to a large and beautiful lawn, and shrubbery. On a part of the gardens to the North, adjoining the house, is to be erected the BustGallery, Exhibition Room, Drawing School, &c. A dwaft wall, which divides the lawn from the street, extends almost the entire side of a handsome square, called Merrion-square. The inside of this mansion, in every respect, cor- responds with the grandeur of its external appear- ance. It is not, however, possible, within the lim- its of this work, to notice ail that will attract the attention of a stranger in viewing this Museum. — • Besides, the Society having but lately^ obtained possession of this building, they have not yet been able to make their final arangement, some new apartments not being finished. We shall, however, take notice of some of the most interesting subjects, but it must be viewed by all who would forma proper idea of this Museum. The Hall.— The Hall is lofty, rising two stories, ornamented with three quarter columns oi the Doric order, and a rich entablature. The ceiling is adornea with stucco decorations, on coloured grounds, the DUBLIN SOCIETY HOUSE. 119 whole richly embellished. To the left, as you enter, is a very fine statue of Belvedere on a ped*. estal, and, on the right, a bust of the Prince Regent* The bust by no means corresponds with ths statue. Board Room. —To the left is the entrance into the Board-room, which is truly elegant. It extends the whole depth of the house, or near 70 feet by 24 , adorned with sixteen fluted Ionic columns, sup- porting a rich ceiling. In the centre is a superb circular bow. This was originally the Duke’s grand supper room. Conversation Room.— This apartment is adjoin^ ing the Board-room, from which there is an entrance, as also from the Waiting-room, which is to the left of the rear. In the Conversation-room are full length portraits of General Valiancy, and the Right Honourable John Foster. Museum. — Ascending a grand double flight of stau s 6*6000. He was now enabled to pro- ceed in his laudable undertaking, and the follow- ing sessions, a further sum of cf'6000. was granted ror finishing the Hospital, and £• 2000 . for his own use, as a reward for his service# In the year 175 3, he obtained a charter from iiis late Majesty, George II. incorporating a num- ber of noblemen and gentlemen as Guardians, and appointing himself Master of the Hospital during life. 123 LYINC-m HOSPITAL. On the 8th Dec. 1757, it was opened by his ilrace the Duke of Bedlord, then Lord Lieutenant of Ireland, and fifty-two poor women, who were near the time of their delivery, and who then at- tended for admittance, were received. From the day it was first opened to the 31st Oct. 1-815, there have been delivered 79642 women of 43535 boys, and of 38529 girls ; of whom 1267 had Iwius; 19 three, and 1 had four. Above 2600 women are now annually delivered. The expenses of the Hospital are defrayed prin- cipally by the receipts of the Kotunda, and the collections of the Chape!. The Lying-in Hospital is esteemed, by the best judges, to be an excellent piece of architecture, and is admired for the beauties of its proportions. The colonnade at each side, and the steeple, are in a good style. Interior. — The interior parts are extremely well disposed, having every convenience, and or- namented with paintings* transparencies and chan- deliers. The chapel is much admired, for the -elegance of the stucco work with which it is en- riched. The wards for the women are very con- venient. Adjoining to the East colonade is the Rotunda one of the noblest and most magnificent circular rooms in the united kingdom, The whole suit e- LYING-IN HOSPITAL. 120 apartments are spacious and grand* The Ball- room is 86 feet in length ; the Card* room, 66 feet i a Tea-room, 54 feet ; a great Supper-room, 86 feet, and a lesser one, 54 feet. I here is also a hall, 40 feet ; a Waiting-room, 36 feet ; four Dressing rooms, 20 feet each; a Chirman s hall, 40 leefc and a vestibule, 20 feet, besides an extensive range of Kitchen apartments and offices. Garden — Through the Rotunda is a passage to the Garden, at the rere of the Hospital, wherein Is a fine btoad gravel walk and shrubberies. It is kept in good order. The whole is lighted with lamps. The Garden is frequently open of an evening, during summer, in fine weather, when there is a concert of music, and a brilliant assem** bly of the first people in the city. Granby-row, Palace-row, and Cavendish-row, form a square round the Hospital, called Rutland- square, after the name of the Duke, who, when Lord Lieutenant, contributed munificently to the improvements. Since the Death of Dr. Mosse, there has been an election every seven years, for a Master of the Hospital, who has two assistants, and a number of pupils. ISO ROYAL COLLEGE OF SURGEONS, ROYAL COLLEGE OF SURGEONS, This new and stately building is situated on the W est side of Stephen’s green, t iie corner of York- street, on the site of the late Quaker’s burial ground, which was purchased for the purpose. The front is opposite to the green, and will be allowed by ail who see it, to be a fine piece of architecture* The whole edifice is perfectly new, being but just completed, and is an addition to the many beautU ful public buildings in the city of Dublin. Interior. — ' The interior is laid out in the most Regular manner, having spacious and elegant apart- ments for several purposes, and for the Secretary* who resides in the building. There is also a Li- brary and Museum, and one spacions and superb room in the front, that extends the whole length of the building; In the rere is a large square flagged yard, with burial ground, and a seperate building, in which is the Theatre, two Dissecting-rooms, &c. Theatre, — The Theatre is a neat room, well fit- ted up for the purposes intended, it has a gallery, the ascent to which is by two light flight of stone stairs without the building. One side of the The- atre is apropriated for a Museum, where several singular anatomical curiosities are preserved. Among these are some produced by nature, truly wonderful and mysterious : two children united ROYAL IRISH ACADEMY. 131 together at their breasts, who have only one heart and set of blood vessels; a child with two large heads ; two children, their bodies united as one, having four arms, four legs, but only one beau ; a child without arms, having two legs, but only one thigh ; two kittens joined together as one ; a puppy that has no eyes, ears or mouth ; and a pig, that has the trunk of an elephant. r i here is also a number of models, made of plaister of pans, of singular diseases. Anatomical and other lectures are delivered in this Theatre. The Anatomical commences on the first Monday in November, every year. The number of pupils who attend are eonsideable. Idle entrance into the Theatre is in York -street. Dublin has to beast among its numerous ad- vantages, that of possessing, perhaps, some of the first Medical men in the universe* W e have men whose reputation has been established by long practice, extensive knowledge, and whose labours have proved highly beneficial to their fellow creatures. ROYAL IRISH ACADEMY. This building is situated on the West side of Crafton-street, nearly opposite the Provost's house* It is a good edifice, with suitable apartments for the purposes intended, if the design of the insti- tution was carried into effect. IS2 ELTJE-COAT HO $ PIT A L, The Royal Irish Academy was instituted for the advancement of the studies cf Science, Polite Li» terature and Antiquities. It was incorporated the 2Sth Jan. 1786 The King is Patron. It is go- verned by a President and twenty-one members, who form three committees of seven each, viz. the committee of Science, the committee of Polite Li- terature, and the committee of Antiquities, so called. Tne committe of Science meet on the first Monday, the committee of Polite Literature on the second Monday, the committee of Antiquaries on the third Monday, and the Academy on the fourth Monday, every month, at 7 o'clock in the evening. The number of members are about two hundred. Op.lv for the name, Ireland would scarcely know of its existence. BLUE-COAT HOSPITAL; The Blue-coat Hospital was orignaily situated in Queen-street, and was the first of the kind in Ireland. It was founded in 1070, by the contri- butions of the inhabitants of Dublin, and other donations. King Charles II. gave them a charter, dated the 5th Dec. 1G70, with the ground on which the present building is erected. It was first intended for the reception and sup- port of the aged and infirm poor of the city, and their children, but the Governors finding their funds inadequate to the orig'nal design, thought proper, about the year 1050, to receive boys only. blue-goat hospital* 133 The children admitted are to be the sons of re- duced free-men, who have the preferance of all others, except ten, on the foundation of Henry Osborne, Esq.; thirty, on the foundation of Erasmus Smith, Esq. and seven, which the Lord Chief Justice Downs supports out of the fees oi his office, as Treasurer. The Minister of St. Wer- ! burgh's parish has also the privilege of appointing two, agreeable to the will of Mr. James South- well, who bequeathed c£43j. to the Hospital. The Guild of St. Ann's, two, and the Bishop of Meath, for the time being, ten. These are not the sons of free-men. > They are maintained, clothed and educated, and, when qualified, put apprentices to Protest- ant masters. With each boy is paid £5. as a fee. They are instructed in reading, writing and arith- metic. The corporation of Merchants support a Mathe- matical school in the Hospital, for the instruction of boys in navigation. These are put apprentices to merchants, or captains of ships, for the sea- sei vice. ine children attend public worship every day ; and it has been observed, that the boys o» this Hospital have generally proved sober, honest and diligent apprentices, and many of them have become respectable citizens. 1 he present building is in Oxmantown-green, at a small distance from the old one, and East of M B LU 1L-C O AT H OS PITA L. tlie Barracks. It is a truly beautiful edifice, and well calculated lot* tiie purposes intended* The first stone was laid by his Excellency the Earl of Harcourt, Lord Lieutenant of Ireland, on the I tith June, 1773, when the centre part was first immediately proceeded on, and finished. It contains apartments for the. principal officers, and their servants: a Committee- room. Record. room, and a handsome Board-room, for the Governors, to meet in. The Front is enriched in the centre by four Ionic columns, supporting a pediment, and em- bellished by Corinthian * and Composite/ pilas- ters, in the rac-st elegant style. Over the pedi- ment is intended to be erected the steeple, 130 feet from the ground. On one side of this building stands the Chapel, and on the other, the School, forming two beautiful proportioned wings. The whole front extends 360 feet. Chapel. — The Chape!, which forms the North wing, is 65 feet long ; 32 feet, 0 inches oread, and 32 feet high, The Chapel is extremely beautiful, and contains a good painting of the Ascension, by Waldron. School.— The School, which forms the South wins*, is of the same length and breadth as the Chapel, but only 20 feet high. In this room is a ine emblematical piece of the delivery ol the char- MANSION HOUSE. ter; also, whole-length portraits of King W ill*am and Queen Mary, Queen Ann, King George It. and his Queen, Alderman Pearson, Dean Dreiin- court, &c* Over the School are apartments lor the School-master, Adjoining the wings are two gate-ways, one oi which leads to the School, different offices, and hoys’-s lee ping rooms, &<:. The other leans *to the Chapel, &c. Both wings are united to the centre building, by handsome circular walls, ornament- ed with a balustrade and niches. Steeple. — The Steeple in the centre, when completed, and the turrets on the wings, must aud to the beautiful appearance of this noble ^edifice. Mr, Thomas Ivory was the architect. This Hospital is entirely supported by its own property, and receives no gram from parliament. MANSION HOUSE. The Mansion-house is situated in Dawson-street, near Stephen’s-greeu, North, and claims attention, principally, by its being the residence of the eliiet magistrate ot the city. It is a spacious, roomy building. In three parlours are whole-length portraits of Charles II. William III. the I)ake of Bolton, the Duke of Richmond, the Marquis of Jownshend, the Marquis of Buckingham, the Earl of Northumberland, the Earl of Harcourt, the 156 STAMP OFFICE. Earl of Buckingham, Alderman Henry Gore >>ankev, ano, until lateiy, the Bight lion. John Poster.* In the garden, opposite the street, stands an Bqucstrian statue ot George I. This statue was iirst placed on Essex-bridge. 1 he Lord Mayor’s day is celebrated annually, on the 30th Sept, being the day on which the new chief magistrate enters upon the duties of his office, i he procession on this occasion is worthy of the w observation of strangers, when the Lord Mayor proceeds from the Mansion-house to the Castle, in his state coach, with a band of music, attended by the Aldermen and sheriffs, in their carriages, and a train that make a long procession. His Lordship, on this occasion, is also attended by a foot company of battle-axe guards, in ancient dress, that make a very curious appearance, STAMP OFFICE. Tins building is situated on the East side of William-street, was erected by the late Lord Viscount Powerscourt, for a private edifice, but was lately sold for its present purpose. * In consequence of Mr. Foster’s bringing forward, in Parliament, the 50 per cent, additional on windows* the hand-bill tax, &c. &c. the Common Council, at their Quarter Assembly, in July 1810, voted for Mr, Foster s .portrait to be token down at the Mansion-house, ROYAL HOSPITAL. 137 The We.it front is remarkable tor the beamy of the design, and excellence of workmanship* ^ iS built of mountain stone, raised oil his Lordship s estate. The ascent of the building is by a double flight of steps, of a singular, yet convenient form that leads to a portico, supported by four columns, of the Doric order. The first story is enriched by rustic arched win- dows, and an entablature of the Doric order, which is continued throughout the front. In the centre of the second story is a Venetian window of the Ionic order, and the windows at eacli side are ornamented with pedestals, architraves, firizie> cornice and pediment. The windows in the attic stories are decorated with architraves, &c. in good taste. Above this, supported a pedestal work, is a cornice, with a pediment in the centre. A <»ua- drangu lar building is elevated above the r st of the front, in the centre, that serves for an observatory, and commands a fine prospect of the bay, and parts adjacent to Dublin. Considerable addition are now made to this build- ing, in the rere, in CopingeDs-row. R 0\ A L II 0 SPI i A L, N E A ft K I L M A I N 1 1 A M , is a very comfortable asylum for old and maimed soldiers, of the army of Ire- land. It is situated at the West of the city, ?ml 3 138 ROYAL HOSPITAL. South of the Liffey, in a charging position. The ground on which it is built anciently belonged to the Knight Templars, and contains seventy-one acres. This Hospital was founded by King Charles If. on a plan similar to Chelsea hospital, in England. It was begun in the year 1GS0, and finished in the year IGSG. It is of a quadrangular form, with a spacious area in the centre, laid out in gravelled walks. The portal is decorated with the arms of the Duke of Ormond, and several embellishments, 'J he building is three stories high, with spacious galleries, that lead to the several apartments. A handsome spire crowns the whole. The interior of this edifice is in a simple but ele- gant style. 1 he Commander in Chief, the Master and officers, have excellent apartments and gar* dens. The Chapel and great Dining-hall, are on one side, and are both worth attention. There are some good portraits of royal personages, and others, in this hall. Among the paintings are, King Charles II. Earl of Rochester, King William and Queen Mary, Queen Ann, George, Prince of Denmark, Duke of Dorset, Duke of Ormond, several Lord Chief Justices, General Hamilton, and others. The East, or principal front next the city, has a very pleasing and elegant appearance. Pefore it is an extensive enclosed area, having avenues royal hospital* 1S9 planted with large trees. T be entrance is by an iron gate, at which a centinel is placed, but stran- gers are not prevented from having admittance* There has lately been made a new road to this Hos- pital from the city, called the Military road, which leads from the quays to this gate, by the rere Ot Stephen’s hospital. This is a very pleasant ave- nue, but a pass-ticket is necessary from the Adju- tant General, logo by this way. The entrance, on the quays, is on the upper end of Usher’s-island, by a new arched gate-way, and handsome tower, just completed. To the West of the Hospital is a very spacious avenue, at the extremity of which is a gate, which leads to Kiimainham. The Infirmary is in the •j rere. This establishment is managed by Governors, consisting of some of the great officers of state, es- pecially in the War department, a Master and Deputy Master. The Commander of the Forces of Ireland is always Master. The Adjutant Gene- ral’s office is at this Hospital. It is a large new building, to the left as you enter. This Hospital was designed, and will contain 400 men, but there are at present no more than 300. These are allowed every thing necessary, and 2s. 8jd. per month, for tobacco money. The •j number ol out-pensioners is considerable. They are allowed pensions in proportion to the number of years on service, &c. CHRIST CHURCH. At one o'clock, on each day, all (ha inmate pensioners assemble in the great Dining-hall, where they receive their several proportions of food, alter which they retire to their seperate apartments. CHRIST CHURCH. Th?s ancient edifice was built by Sitricus, the son of Amlave, King of the Ostmen of Dublin, and Donat, Bishop of Dublin, about the year 1038, it was built for secular canons, but Laurence O'Toole, Archbishop of Dublin, in 1163, chang- ed them into canons regular, of the order of Arras. After the Church was finished, Donat built an Episcopal palace near it, on the site of the Jate Four Courts, Donat built also St. Michael's cha- pel, which his successor, Richard Talbot, after- wards converted into a Parochial church. He al- so erected the nave and wings of the Church and the Chapel of St. Nicholas, on the North-side of the Church. After the surrender of Dublin to the English, Richard, surnamed Strongbow, Earl of Strigu!, Laurence, Archbishop of Dublin, Robert Htz- Stephens, and Raymond le Gross, enlarged this Church, at their own expence. They also built the choir, the steeple, and two chapels; one de- dicated to St. Edmond, king and martyr, and the other to St. Mary. Another chapel was also in this Church, in the South aisle, near the choii, CHRIST CHURCH# 141 first dedicated to the Holy Ghost, but afterwards to Archbishop Laurence, after canonization, and called St. Laurence O’Toole's chapel. The Prior and convent of this Church, had an- ciently a cell of three canons in the diocese of Armagh, endowed with the churches of St. Mary of Drumsalin, where they resided and served the cure of Pniilipston. Nugent, with the chapels an- nexed. About the year 1250, they were sup- pressed by Albert, Archbishop of Armagh. The Prior of this Church while it continued a regular community, had a seat in parliament, among the Spiritual peers. In the year 154*1, while Archbishop Brown was in possession of the ,see of Dublin, King Henry VIII, converted the priory and convent of this Church into a deanery and chapter* This new foundation consisted of a Dean, Chanter, Chan- cellor, Treasurer, and six Vicars choral. In the year 15 44, Archbishop Brown, erected three prebends in this Church, viz. St. Michael’s, St. Mic han's and St. John's. From that period it hath generally borne the name of Christ Church, though before called the Church of the Blessed Trinity. In the year 1550, the parliament sat in this Cuuicn, in a room called the Common-house, as appears by a statute of 29th Ilenrv YL J CHRIST CHURCH. 142 Edward VI. added six Priests, and two Choris- ters, or singing boys, to whom he assigned a pen- sion of c£4 5. Gs. ](L per ann, English money, pay- able out of (he exchequer during pleasure. Queen Mary confirmed this pension, and granted it in perpetuity. In this foundation James I. made some alterations. There is now a Dean, Chanter, Chancellor, and three, Prebendaries, viz Sc John’s, St. Michael’s and St. Michans. There are also, six Vicars choral and four Choristers. He also or- dained, that the Archdeacon of Dublin should have a stall in the choir, and a voice and seat in the chapter, in all capitular acts relating to the said Church. Christ Church is generally called a Cathedral Church, but that is a mistake, for no Bishop ever had two Cathedral Churches in the same Diocess ; for, if so, he must have had two courts of rhe sam& kind in tiie Diocess. The Archbishop of Dublin cannot appoint to any of the prebends of Christ Church, nor does he cite the clergy of it to his visitation. Through com- pliment some of them attend him, when he visits them at the church, but they, at the same time, protest against his having any authority within the walls of the church. When Henry VIII. made it a Deanery and Chap- ter, he formed the plan on the same principle as St. Peter’s Church, Westminister Abbey, as to in- ternal regulations. He made them both Royal CHRIST CHURCH. 143 Collegiate Churches. The Bishop of Rochester is generally Dean of St. Peter’s Church, W estminister, and the Bishop of Kildare, Dean of Christ, Dublin. Neither the Archbishop of Canterbury, or the Bishop of London, have any stall in St. Peter’s Church, Westminister. The Archbishop of Dub- lin is allowed a stall in Christ Church, only, because his own Church is damp. The very appearance of this building is a eon- Yincing evidence of its antiquity. It has under- gone very few alterations since it was first built. In the vear 1562, the South side of the nave fell down, when the tomb of Earl Strong bow was bcpken by the fall of the roof. On the new wall is the following inscription, to commemorate that event. THE : RIGIHT : HONORABL ; T : ERL ; OF : SVSSEX : L : LEVTNT. THIS : WAL : FEL : DOWN : IN : AN : 1562 -f- TIIE ; BILDING ; OF : THIS WAL : WAS : IN : AN ; 1 562. ] i a rl Sr uon g now’s Mono m en t . — T h i s Monu- ment is on the South side of the great nave. It is an ancient piece of statuary, representing a man in armour, with part of a female figure at his side, both lying extended on a block of stone, about two feet high. They are said to be the statues of Strongbow and Eva, his wife. The following in- scription is over the monument. 144 CHRIST CHURCH. THIS : AVNCYENT : MONVMENT : OF : RYCHARD : STRANGBOWE : CALLED ; COMES : STRANG VLENSIS ; LORD OF i CHEPSTO : AND : • OGNY : THE : FYRST : AND : PRINCYPALL : INVADER ; OF : IRLAND : 1169 : QVI : OBIIT : 1177 : THE ; MONVMENT : WAS : BROCKEN BY : THE : FALL : OF : THE : ROFF : AND : BODYE : OF : CHRISTES : CHVRCHE : IN : AN : 1562 AND : SET VP : AGAYNE : AT : THE : CHARGYS : OF •. THE •. RIGHT : HON- ORABLE ; SR : HENIRI : SYDNEY ; KNYGIIT : OF : THE ; NOBLE : ORDER : E : PRESIDENT : OF : WAILES : L : DEPVTY : OF : IRLAND : 1570. Lord Eowes’s Monument. — John Bowes was born in England, m the year 1691, where he was bred to the law, and came over to Ireland in the reign of George I. lie served that Monarch, King * George 11. aad his present Majesty, upwards of forty years, in the different offices of his profes- sion ; and was highly esteemed for his integrity, and impartial administration of Justice. He had been King’s Council, Solicitor General, Attorney General, and Chief Baron of the Exchequer. In 1757, he was promoted to be Lord Chancellor, in 1708, he was raised to the dignity of a Baron of Ireland, by the name of Baron Bowes, of Cion- lyon, but dying unmarried, the title became ex- tinct. CHRIST CHURCH* 145 The Monument erected to his memory is in the nave of’ the Church, and is elegantly executed. It is composed of beautiful statuary marble, repre- senting Justice, large as life, in a pensive attitude, looking at a medallion, with a head of Lord Bowes in bas relief, on which she leans weeping. The attitude of Justice is exquisitely fine, and Lord Bowes’s head, in the medallion, is esteemed a great likeness. It cost £ 500 . J. Van. Nost was the sculptor. On a pedestal that supports the figures, is the following inscription : Sacred To the Memory of John Lord Bowes, Late Lord Chancellor of Ireland, Who died in the Seventy-sixth Year of his Agc ? 2£'d of July, A. D. 1767. This Monument is Erected By His Affectionate Brother, IIumsey Bowes, Esq. of B INFI ED, Berks. Earl of Kii dare’s Monument. — This beautiful Monument is on ihe North side of the Communion table, and represents the relict of the deceased, with the Earl, afterwards Duke of Leinster, and his sister, mourning over the body of their father, i he figures are elegantly sculptured in white mar- ble, by It. Cheere. On the pedestal is (he follow- ing inscripton : N CHRIST CHURCH US To the Memory of Robert, Earl of Kildare, The Nineteenth of that Title in Succession, And in Rank the first Earl in Ireland. He married the Lady Marie O’Bryen, Eldest Daughter of William, Earl of Inchi^uin; By whom Ho had Issue, hour Sons, and Eight Daughters, of which Number, only James, Lg piesent Earl, and the Lady IM ah g a it ett A , Survived Him. Together with the Titles, He inherited the Virtues of His Noble Ancestors, And adorned every Station He possessed. Truth, Honour and Justice, Directed the whole course of His Life. The Daily Devotions of His Family, And the Public Worship of the Church, Were by His Regular Attendance Cherished and Recommended. Tho possessed of a Great Estate, Pie managed it With particular Prudence and (Economy, In Order to give a fiee Course To His Many and Great Charities. He was a disinterested Lover of His Country, Without any Affectation of Popularity ; And was Beloved by all, not because Pie sought it, But because He Deserved it. He Was A Most Tender and Affectionate Husband. An Indulgent and Prudent Father, A Sincere and Steady Friend* CHRIST CHURCH. 147 His Disconsolate Relict, In Testimony of Her Gratitude and Affection, And the better to Recommend to His Descendants The Imitation of His Excellent Example, Caused this Monument to be Erected, He died the 20th Day of February, A. D. 1745, in the 09 Year of his Age. Prior's Monument. — This elegant Monument was erected at the charge of several persons who contributed to honor the memoi y of Thomas Prior^ Esq. the founder of the Dublin Society, and friend of his countrv. Mr. Prior was born at Uathdownev, j w in the Queen’s County, about the year 1G79, and was educated in Trinity College, Dublin. In 1729 be published a list of the ah sen tees of Ireland , and afterwards several tracts on our coin, linen manu- facture, &c. It was he that first recommended the use of linen scarves at funerals, which were first used at the funeral of Mr. Conolly, Speaker of the House of Commons, in October, 1729. He procured, through the recommendation of the Earl of Chesterfield, a charter of incorporation for the Dublin Society, with a grant of £500* per annum, lor its support, lie died of a decline in Dublin, October 21, 1751, and was interred ia the church of Rathdowney. To perpetuate his memory, on a neat Monument of Kilkenny Marble, ornamented with an urn and family arms, is the following epitaph : 148 CHRIST CHURCH. Every manufacture, Each Branch of Husbandry* Will declare this truth; Every useful institution will lament Its friend and benefactor. lie died, alas ! Too soon for Ireland, Oct. 21, 1751. Aged 71. The monument in this Church represents his bust, beneath which stands two boys, one ween- ing, while the other points to a has relief, repre- senting Minerva leading the arts towards Hiber- nia. On a scroll, which the boy holds in his hand, is the following inscription. This Monument was erected to Thomas Prior, Esquire, at the charge of several persons, who contributed to honour the Memory of that worthy patriot, to whom, his veracity, actions, and unwearied endeavours in the service of his country, have raised a Monument more lasting than marble. Sculptured by J. Van. Nost, 1755. [M. A.] The Latin inscription on it came from the pen of the celebrated Bishop Berkeley, a particular friend of Mr. Prior. There are some other Monuments in this Church that claim attention, among which are. Lord Lifford’s, and several others, that our limits will not permit us to notice. There are two old statues, of Charles I. and Charles II. I here are also some other ancient inscriptions, besides those before no- Sacred To the Memory of Thomas Prior, Esq. Who spent a long life In unwearied endeavours To promote The welfare of Ills Native Country. SAINT PATRICK’S CATHEDRAL. 149 ticed, capable of gratifying the curiosity of an an- tiquerian. The Church has a gallery on each side, and the organ is esteemed oi tine tone. i he Chorister perform in this Church every bun day fcienoon, and at three o’clock in St. Patrick s Cathet^iai, there being only one set o» Choristers tor eoth. Each place is usually crowded on account of the singing, &c. It was in this Church that the imposter, Lambert Simnel, was crowned King, in the year 14f>8, by the name of Edward VL The; liturgy, in the English tongue, was first read in Ireland, in to is O O' Church, on Easter Sunday, 1550* St. Mary’s Chapel, in this Church, has no- thing to claim particular attention. This Church is situated on the South side of the LiflTey, on the vising ground at the upper end of Winetavern- street. The entrances are by Chrst Church-vard, from Eishamble-street, and Christ Church-lane. SAINT PATBIOKAS CATHEDRAL. The Cathedral is situated at the lower end of St. Patrick’s-street, and is a very spacious and ancient building. It is the only Cathedral in Dublin. Cathedra, Latin, is the Bishop’s Chair of authority, in the Chapter Court, and from this Chair, the Church, adjoining the Chapter Court, becomes a Cathedral Church. N 3 J.50 saint PATRICK’S CATHEDRAL. Oil its site, John Comyn, Archbishop of Dublin, demolished an old Parochial church, which was said to have been founded by St. Patrick, and in room of it he erected and endowed the present budding. It, w as built about the year J I90. I ienr } Londres, Archbishop Corny a^s next suscessor, converted this Church, which was a ( ollegiate, in its first constitution, into a Cathe- dral, and appointed William Fitz-Guy the first Goan ol it. He also appointed a Chanter, Chan- cellor and Treasurer, to whom lie allotted lands and rectories, and made them conformable to the rules of the church of Sarum, The establishment now consists of a Chapter composed of twenty-six members, viz. the Dean, Chanter, Chancellor, Treasurer, Archdeacon of Dublin, Archdeacon of Glandelogh, Prebendaries of Cullen, Kilmatalway, Swords, Yago, St. Au- doen’s, Clonmethan, Tymothan, Castleknock, IV] ala hi th art. Tipper, Monmahanock, Howth, E at h m i c n ae 1 , W icklo \v, M ay coot h , Tassagard , Dunlavan, Tipper kevin, Donaghmore in Ornavl, and SlagonyL The Prebend of Cullen is united, to the Archbishoprick, and the revenues of’ Ty- mothan became lay fee in the time of Archbishop Lcftus, the title still continuing. St. Mary’s Chapel, in this Cathedra], is said te have been built by Fulk de Saundford, one of the successors of Archbishop Londres* In 1271, he was buried in it, and his statue set ever his mom> SAINT PATRICKS CATHEDRAL. 16 i ment. It is now s^t apart for the use of the French protestants, for the yearly rent of twelve pence* They have public service in this chapel every Suuday, according to the rites of the church of Ireland. In the year 1362, a considerable part of this Cathedral was destroyed by fire. It was how- ever, soon after rebuilt by Thomas Minot, Arch- bishop of Dublin, who also built the steeple, about the year 1370, In an ancient registry of St. Patrick's Church, commencing in the year 1367, the following was recorded ; ■ •*r ' •• • V' • * * . « Hie depositum est Corpus Jonathan Swift, S. T. D. llujus Ecclesiae C atlic drabs Decani, saint Patrick’s cathedral. Tibi saeva indignatio Ulterius Cor lacerate nequit Abi, viator, Et imitare, si poteris Strenuum (pro virili) Libertatis Vindicatorem. Obiit, 19 Die Mensis, Octobris, A. D. 1745. Anno iEt&tis 78« Here is laid the Body of Jonathan Swift, S. T. D. Dean of this Cathedral. ly he/ e angry indignation can No longer Wound the heart. Go, passenger, And imitate, if you can, This Strenuous (as far as he was able) Vindicator of Liberty. He died, 19th of October, A. D. 1745. In the 78 year of his age* Over the Monument, has since been placed, the bust of the Dean, in Marble, sculptured by Cunningham, and esteemed a good likeness, it was the gift of T. T. Faulkner, Esq. nephew and successor of the late Alderman George Faulkner, Swift's bookseller, and the original most of his works. publisher of / Near the Dean’s Monument, is one to the me- mory of Mrs. lister Johnston, better known by the name of the celebrated Stella, who died in 154 SAINT PATRICK’S CATh ED ral . e year 1727. Near the South door, is a small one m memory of a faithful servant of the Deans named Alexander Magee, who died in 1722. m g ?* C Li | rI ° f Cava "’ s ’ a nPat Military Monn- ” ' [ SeVeral othprs > with the remains of a stone pulpit, &c. are in this nave. JenotlT the gfeat WeSt C! °° r ’ is 3 vef y ancient lengtl cur.ous statue, of Michael Tregury, once lchbishop of Dublin. II e is represented full c ressed, with his crosier, and an angel hastened by rings on ins fingers. He died in the year 1471. e VV est door is never opened, except on very pai ticmar occasions, such as the instalation of the knights oi St. Patrick, &c. .st. Patrick’s well is on the South side, and al- though, it has nothing to attract attention, but its name, is frequently resorted to on account of its supposed virtue. Choir.— I n the Choir are several Monuments oi ancifcnt liate > and some inscription that will gratify the curious. On the South side of the Communion table is an enormous Monument of figures, of the family of Boyle, Earl of Cork. It js made of wood, and contains sixteen figures. It was erected in the year 1629 . On the same side Js a neat Monument, erected to the memory of Lady Elizabeth Viscountess Doneraile; and a curi- ous brass plate to the memory of Sir Edward £ ifitoii, the first President of Queen Elizabeth's SAINT PATRICK’S CATHEDRAL. 155 council. There are also other plates of this de- scription in this Choir. Here is suspended, by a chain, a 12ft. cannon ball, which is said to have killed General St. Qutb, at the battle of Aughrim, on the 12th July, 1691. He commanded the Irish forces under King James II. against the army of King William III. commanded by General Ginkle, but was killed in the engagement, with 7000 of his men. On the North side, is a Monument erected io the memory of the Duke of Schombreg, who fell at the famous battie of the Boyne, on the 1st Ju ly, 1090. This Monument was erected by Dean Swift, and Chapter of this Cathedral. There are some oilier Monuments that claim attention. On the West side of the Archbishop’s throne, is a very curious small peice of antiquity, but late- ly discovered. On the top of one of the arches of the two ancient chairs of state, is the arms of lung John, which no doubt was placed there dur- ing his reign, and probably during his stav in Ireland, as he appears to have resided here during the time this Church was building. It exactly corresponds with his coin. In this Choir is dispalyed the banners of the Knights of St. Patrick', who are knighted in this Cathedra!. The organ is said to be the finest in the Kingdom. 156 SAINT CEOUCES CHURCH, Chapter House. —The Chapter House contains the helmets, swords and banners of the deceased Knights of St. Patrick, at present twelve in num- ber. Here are aho the arms cf several of the Archbishops of Dublin, since the year 1688. In a closet is a human scull, said to be that of the Duke of Schombreg. The ball entered the upper part of his head, over the right eye. The Cathedral is open every day, at ten o’clock in the morning, and on Sundays at 1 1 and 3. The Choristers attend at three o’clock, on every Sunday. It has lately undergone very considerable repairs, and the removal of several wretched habitations in Fatrick-street and the Close, has given an entrance worthy of so ancient and venerable a building. — To the honour of the present Dean Keating, it ought to be recorded, these improvements are to be attributed. SAINT GEORGE'S CHURCH* This new and beautiful building, (of which a representation is given,) is situated in Hard wick- place, on the North side of the city. The interior corresponds with the exterior, and the view here presented is sufficient to recommend it to the notice of a stranger- 'V'JITIT (i umvfimfiniiniH HimiiHiiimiiiH l¥WFiOT ST G-eoimses Cklubch . HOSPITALS* &C. 15 ? HOSPITALS, $c. i FOUNDLING HOSPITAL. The Foundling Hospital is situated on the South, iide of the Liflev, and the West of the Metropolis* •J at Mount Brown, the end ol James’s-strect, on the road to Kil main ham. It is a neat and commo- dious structure* and well calculated for the pur* poses intended. It is almost unnecessary to observe, that the ob» jeet of this institution was to receive and maintain exposed and deserted children, to prevent the murder of poor miserable infants at their birth, or their being exposed in the streets, &c. It was founded in the year 1704, for the relief of the poor of the city of Dublin, but by an act of parliament, passed in 1728, the old corporation was dissolved, and a new one granted. By this act, the governors were empowered to receive common beggars, and children of all denomina* tions, above six years old, for which the sum of .£118. 2s. per arm. was granted from a tax on all carriages plying for hire, within the city of Dub- lin, and liberties; and from a tax of three pence in the pound, according to the valuation of Minis* ter’s money on all houses in the city. On the 25th ?vlarch, 17 30, another act was pass- ed, to receive into this Hospital all exposed and O 158 HOSPITALS* &c. deserted children, of either sex; and for further aid to support this, an additional tax of three pence in the pound was laid on all houses. This act changed the original design of the institution, it being now an Hospital for Foundlings. By ano- ther act, since passed, a tax of one shilling in the pound is now collected on all houses in the city of Dublin, for the support of this institution, with an additional duty on Inn-keepers, Porter-houses and Grocers. -Although children are brought from all parts of the kingdom, the citizens of Dublin, alone , contribute to the support of this institution, the tax being confined to them ! The sum of about oflO.OOO. is collected annually off the city and liberties, for the support of this Hospital. The preservation of exposed children is a most laudable charity, and must rescue from death many infants, and be of considerable importance to ihe state. Until! lately ail children were received at all times, without any inquiry, a cradle being placed at the gate for their reception; by which means the really deserted and exposed w r ere rescued from death, as those who could not expose their shame were not tempted to hide one crime, by committing that of murder. But the Governors have thought proper to close the doors against all children from the country, during three months in the winter, by which means, there is every reason to believe, a considerable number may not be preserr- HOSPITALS, &c. 159 ed. The average number of children admitted, is about 200 a month, of whom some months, mor° than 50 die. The number in the house is upwards of a 1000, and above 5000 are with nurses in toe country. The children, as soon as they are received, are suckled bv nurses in he house, main* tained for that purpose, under the inspection ot proper persons, and as soon as nurses in the coun- try are provided, they are sent out, where they remain for six: years. They must, however, be brought every year to Dublin, when the salary is paid. They are afterwards instructed in reading and writing, and the principles of the Protestant religion, and at a proper age apprenticed. ni 1760, Lady Arabella Denny placed a clock in the nursery, with the following inscription : u For the benefit of Infants protected by this Hospital, Lady Arabella Denny presents this clock, to mark, that as children who are fed by the spoon, must have but a small quantity of food at a time, it must be offered frequently. For which pur- pose this clock strikes every twenty minutes, at which notice, all the infants that are not asleep must be discreetly fed.' 5 STEPHEN’S HOSPITAL. Tins Hospital is situated in StephensVIane, near James’s-sireet, and is a spacious, neat aiu.1 hand- some building. 1G0 HOSPITALS, &c. In 17 10, T)r. Stephens, lute physician of Dub- lin, bequeathed his real estate, of £ 000 . a year, to his sister, Crizelda Stephens, during her life ; and after her decease, vested it in trustees, for erecting and endowing an Hospital, for the relief and main- tainance of curable poor persons. Mrs. Stephens, becoming possessed of the es- tate, was desirous to see her brother's intentions executed. She therefore purchased a piece of ground, on which the Hospital now stands. Ir* 1720, she be .ran to build on a much more extensive plan than the original fund would support, but be^ ing assisted by several considerable benefactions, she was enabled to complete two-thirds of the building, in July, 17 23, and in the following year, forty patients were admitted* In 1 729, an act of parliament was obtained, appoint- ing twenty three Governors, and their successors a body politic, and corporate forever with power to purchase land, to the amount of £ 2000 . a year. A third of the Hospital remaining unfinished, the Governors opened a subscription, by which they obtained near £ 1 4UQ. and as Mrs. Stephens continued to pay <£± 50 . a year, the building was soon completed, and capable of containing 300, persons. Or. Stearne, and Mis. Esther Johnson* left legacies to this Hospital. There are supported in this Hospital, about seventy decayed poor house* keepers, trades-men hospitals* &c. and servants or both sexes. I he numoer oi pa- tients in the house is generally about on f> hundred , and the out-patients who apply f'T advice and medicine are very considerable. I he lcceiving davs are Mondays and Fridays, at eleven oclocc, but persons under any sudden accident, aie teceiv** eJ at all times. SAINT PATRICK’S, or SWIFT yj HOSPITAL. This Hospital was founded by Dean Swift, in 1745, for Lunatics and ldeots ; and was incorpo- rated by charter the 6th Aug. 1746. It is situated in Bow-lane, near the end of James's-street, and is well calculated for the purposes intended. The Dean bequeathed <£\ 1,000. to this Hospital. The trustees purchased an estate of d 400, a year, and the funds have since been considerably en- larged by several legacies. The interior of this Hospital is laid out in the most regular order and the management of the house appears to be conducted upon a principle highly honourable to those concerned. f l he Maniacs’ rooms are ranged round the galleries, and are kept clean and well aired. T he women and men are se- parated from each other hy division in the build- ing, and every attention appears to be paid to the patients. r l here are gardens, in which the pati- ents may walk and take recreation. O 3 162 HOSPITALS, &c. ROYAL MILITARY INFIRMARY. This is situated in the Phoenix park. It was erected for the reception of sick and wounded soldiers, of his Majesty’s army, where every at- tention is paid them, until they are recovered. MERCER’S HOSPITAL. In 1734, Mrs, Mary Mercer gave a large house at the end of Stephens-street, for an Hospital, for the reception of the sick poor. It was opened, August, 1734, and has since been considerably enlarged, and is continually full. The number of patients who receive advice and medicine gratis* is also enoreasing every year. The Physicians and Surgeons who attend in their turn dailv at this Hospital, are of the first respectability, and who all serve without reward. Persons meeting with any accident, aie received at ail times in this Hospital. MEATH HOSPITAL. The present building is but newly erected, and is very extensive and suitable for the design intend- ed. It is situated in the Long-lane, mar New-street. It was built principally by the liberality of Thomas Pleasants, Ejq. who gave <£6000 towards this esta- blishment j a part of which was applied towards its erection. The institution, w ; hen first established in the year 1774, was situated on the Coombe for the relief of the poor in the Earl of Meath’s Liberty. HOSPITALS^ &c. 163 It is established upon the same principle as Mercer s Hospital, and is of infinite service to the poor manufacturers in the Liberty. HOUSE OF RECOVERY, cork street. This truly laudable institution was begun in 1801, and has, instrumentally, been the means of, preserving the lives of hundreds of the poor of Dublin. The establishment of Fever Hospitals, has been found, by experience, to be the most effectual check to the spreading of contagion among the poor, and in no city could such an in- stitution be more wanted., Previous to this House being erected, a gentleman, whose philanthropy is well known in this city,* reckoned near his ha- bitation, forty-three families ill in Fevers, in only seven houses, and in some places more. He has himself relieved upwards of five hundred persons in one month : a husband, wife and seven chil- dren, in one room, has been among the number ! In October, 1801, a subscription was opened for erecting this House, and on the 24th April, 1802, the first stone was laid. It was opened for patients on the 24th May, 1801. The only recommendation necessary; is the Fe- ver and poverty. When application is left at the House, immediately a Physican visits the patient, who having ascertained the Fever, he reports the * Mr, Samuel Iiosborougli. m HOSPITALS^ & c . sai))e, when a carriage, hung on springs, is sent vvith two men to the house, who convey the per- son to the Hospital, where every attention is paid to the patient, and the cloathes fumigated, &c. The institution not only removes the diseased from his own dwelling, but adopts measures for counteracting the spreading of the infection. The room is therefore fumigated, cleaned and white- washed, and every means used that are calculated to answer the purposes intended. Parliament voted c£lOOO. towards erecting the building, and the institution is now supported by parliamentary aid, and voluntary subscriptions, SAINT GEORGE’S DISPENSARY, AND FEVER HOSPITAL. This establishment is similar to the one before noticed, and has proved highly beneficial to the North side of the city. It is situated near the Circular road, Dorset-street, and since instituted, has afforded relief to many thousand persons. It is supported by annual subscribers, and private donations. WESTMORLAND, on LOCK HOSPITAL. Th is Hospital is situated in Townsend-street. It was opened in 1792, for the indiscriminate relief of persons labouring under those baneful disorders which results from incontinence. It generally con- tains from two to three hundred patients. At this HOSPITALS., &C. 365 Hospital the two senior Surgeons attend every Wednesday and Saturday, at eleven oT'lucx, to distribute trusses to such ruptured poor as may Lien apply for the same. HOSPITAL OF INCURABLES. In the year 1744, the Musical Society first founded this Hospital, for the support of such ot their fellow creatures as laboured under disorders deemed incurable. They confined the institution As to such as were disgusting, or offensive to the sight ; and provided for such whose infirmities had rendered them proper objects of relief, i he Hospital is situated near jJonny brook-road, and generally contains about fifty patients, The objects of this institution, must generally be considered the most helpless and miserable of the human race. In the selection of these for admis- sion, the Governors are to shew no preference, ex- cept what is grounded on the age, visible distress, and deformity of the patient. Such, when their moral character is well attested, and they have a priority of claim, are always to be preferred, and are to be admitted in rotation as vacancies occur, many however have fallen victims to poverty and hopeless disease, befoie they could be admitted. HOUSE OF INDUSTRY. This is a very spacious building, established for the reception of the poor, who are received with- out any recommendation. They are classed ao 166 HOSPITALS, &C. cording to their respective condition and deserts, and are employed in spinning, weaving, comb- making, and various occupations. The children arc in an apartment seperated from the rest. They are dieted, clothed and educated. There is an infirmary remote from the habitation of the heal- thy, where such as are sick are lodged. There are also forty-six cells for lunatics. The doors are at all times open for admission, and various articles made in this house may be purchased. The beg- gars of Dublin, in general, have a strong aversion to this house ; many of them, however, are com- pelled by force to enter, as occasionally a covered cart goes about the city, with a number of men, who take up such as they meet in the street beg- ging, &c. SIMPSON'S HOSPITAL. Tins is a comfortable asylum for poor decayed blind and £outv men. They are decently clothed, and every attention appears to be given, to make their situation as agreeable as possible. ORPHAN HOUSE. Tins is situated on the Circular-road. It was in- stituted the 1st Jan. 1791, for the reception of des« titute Female children, who have lost both their parents, and are between five and ten years of age when admitted. HOSPITALS, &C. 167 LOCK PENITENTIARY. The Lock Penitentiary and Work House was established for the reception of women leaving the Lock H ospital, and desirous of returning to industry and virtue. It has afforded relief to hundreds, who have been extricated from wretchedness and vice. Many have been restored to their families, more placed in service, and generally about fifty remain in the House. Washing, calendering, mangling, &c. is done at the House. The profit of their labour produces upwards of <£^00. a year* To this institution a neat Chapel is connected,* which is well attended. It is situated in Dorset- street. MOLYNEAUX ASYLUM. This is a new institution, established for the re- ception of Blind Females. It is situated in Peter- street, was, until converted to its present use, con- nected with the Royal Hibernian Theatre, which is now the Chapel, connected with the establish- ment, first opened on the 19th day of November 1315. MAGDALEN ASYLUM. This asylum is established for the reception of unfortuate females, who rejected by their friends or abandoned by their seducers, prefer a life of secluded employment to vice and infamy. To this establishment is also annexed a nut Chapel, in Leeson-street. 1(53 HOSPITALS, &C. GENERAL MAGDALEN ASYLUM. This is situated in Townsend-street, and is es- tablished on the same principals as the other. It has ahbrded relief to a considerable number; RICHMOND LUNATIC ASYLUM* Tins new and sDacious building is situated near I v 7 the House of Industry, Brunswickvstreet, North, and but lately opened for the reception cf pa** tients. It was beaun during the administration of the Duke of Richmond, and is designed for the re- ception of 200 lunatics. — 21 Male, and 21 female, above the rank of paupers, are allowed to be re- ceived at £30 per year. CHARTER SCHOOL, near clontarf. A large handsome building, situated on the Strand, near two miles from the Castle. One hun- dred and twenty boys are here lodged, clothed and educated in the Protestant religion. The Charter Schocd Society give a portion of £ 5 . to each person they educate, of either sex, upon their marrying a Protestant, with the previous approbation of the committee, and their producing a certificate that they have served their apprentice- ship. They must also make their claim within seven years after the expiration of their appren- ticeship, and six months after marriage. HOSPITALS, &C. OTHER HOSPITALS AND BENEVOLENT INSTITUTIONS. The Hospitals and Charitable Institutions in the city of Dublin are so numerous, that to describe them all would fill a volume. We have already noticed some of the principal, but, besides these, there are several others of considerable importance* Our limits, however, will only permit 12 s to give a list of them. Association for Discountenancing Vice , and Pro < moling the Knowledge and Practice of the Chris* tian Religion . Asylum for Aged and Infirm Female Servants, No. 07, Summer-hill, Deaf or d Asylum, Bruns wick-street. . Board of Education . - Charitable Loan Society , for lending money to in* digent Tradesmen, interest free. Charitable infirmary, Jervis- street. The first of the kind established in Dublin. Charier School Society. There are from 2 to 3000 children under the care of this Society. Cow-Pock Institution , Sackville- street. Charitable Society for Relief of Sick and Indigent Room-keepers . 'This institution has afforded re- lief to many thousands in the greatest distress— Upwards of 300 families, consisting of 11 or 12,000 persons, have been relieved in one month, by this truly uselul and benevolent Society. Dublin General Dispensary, 28, Temple-bar, Debtor's Friend Society . 170 HOSPITALS, e i \ sa ry - 1 a n e, Dorset - stre e t . Dispensary of St.Mkhan’s and St. Paul’s, Beresford* street. Sir Patrick Dunn s Hospital . Dispensary of Sick Poor , Meath-street, Freemason Female Orphan School , Fever Hospital, Cork-street, Farming Society. Goldsmith’s Jubilee Asylum . Jlibernian So ciet ty , Phoenix-park, for maintain- ing, educating and apprenticing the orphans of soldiers. Hibernian Marine Society. A Marine Nursery on a . similar plan, for the children of seamen. Hibernian School Society . Hibernian Bible Society , for the circulation of the Holy Scriptures. House of Refuge, l pper maggot-street. In . House voung women of good character, out or place, are received until provided lor. Institution for the Tuition of the Deaf and Dumb. Literary Teachers' Society, for in e relief of rc* duced Teachers, and tiieir families. North West Dispensary, Beresford street. DUBLIN LIBRARY SOCIETY. 171 /Orphan House for Destitute Boys , Prussia-street. Old Men's Asylum, llusstd-plaee, Circular-voau. Richmond Institution , for the Industrious Blind. Si. Nicholas and St. Catherine’s Hospital , Francis- street. Strangers' Friend Society. A useful institution, chiefly applied to Strangers. Society for Promoting the Comforts of the Poor. Charity Schools —Besides those already no- ticed, Schools are established in every parish in the city ; and almost every chapel and meeting- house have separate Schools. There are also seve- M. ral other general ones, conducted on very exten- sive plans. The Dublin Weekly Free School, in School- house-lane, r I homas-court, is extensive. There are generally from 11 to 1200 children on the books. There are also several Sunday Schools. To these benevolent institutions others might be added, that reflect the highest honour on the inhabitants of Dublin, There is no city ip. existance, cf the same size, where similar in- stitutions are so numerous. DUBLIN LIBRARY SOCIETY. This Society was instituted for the establishment or a Library. It was originally in Eustace-street, but is now on Burgh-quay, near Carlisle-bridge. 1 lie house is new, roomy, and conveniently fitted up for the purpose, and the collection of books extensive. It is open every day in the year, from 372 KIN G ’3 INNS TEMPLE ten o clock to five, and from seven to ten ia the evening. It is well supplied with Irish, English 1 * l ‘' li news-papers, and various periodical publications and pamphlets. MARSH’S LIBRARY. mis Library was bequeathed bv Dr. Marsh formerly Archbishop of Dublin, and is a ve^ extensive and valuable collection. It is situated ilea: St. t atrick s Cathedral, and is open every day Jiom ci even to three o’clock, Sundays and Holy- 5 ext epled. All graduates and gentlemen have free access, but no book must be taken out of its place, unless in the presence of the Librarian, and •subscribing to the rules. None are permitted to study in this Library, unless a graduate, or sretiile- man who can produce a well attested certificate, &c; It appears to have been originally intended to have been m©re open to the public, but abuses occasi- oned the present restrictions. Very few now de- rive any advantage from the Doctor's liberal insti- tution. There are several good portraits in this Library, among which are Dr. Marsh, Adam Lof- tus, Archbishop Smith, and others. KING'S INNS TEMPLE. This is situated near Henrietta* street, and is an establishment similar to the Temple, in London. The society consists of Benchers, Barristers, At- tornies and Students, who, in Term time, dine in the hall. This is called, keeping commons. The government of this society is vested solely in the LINEN IIALIo 17 $ Benchers, who have power to make rules, and an- mit members, without appeal • There is a library for the members, who pay five guineas lor the use of it. The site of this building appears ill chosen, and a considerable part on one side is not com- pleted. APOTHECARIES IIALL. This institution was established for the purpose of regulating the profession of Pharmacy in Ire- land, and for the sale of simple and compound me- dicines, prepared under the inspection of a sworn Court of Directors, chosen annually. This esta- blishment is of considerable importance to the country, as the drugs vended at this Hall are una- dulterated. We are, however, compelled to no- tice, that we think more attention should be paid to the prices the shop men some times demand for them. We have knozon different prices asked of strangers at the same time, for simple articles, con- siderable reduction made when the charge lias been questioned, and near double the price paid that the article could be obtained for at an Apothecary’s shop. If such a practice now exists, we hope the Governors will apply a remedy. This Hall is situated in MaryVstreet. linen hall. This is a spacious building, established for the reception and sale of the staple article of Ireland, Irish Linen, It is well worth the inspection of a stranger. It is situated in Linen-hall-street. r s 174 Botanic garden. STOVE TENTER DRYING HOUSE. This at the useful and extensive building was erected sole expence o( Thomas Pleasants, Esq. whose liberality is so well known in Dublin. It is situated in Brown-street, in the Liberty. Previous J o its erection the poor weavers were obliged to dry their work out in the open air, so that in the inclement season, thousands of the poor in the. liberty were out of employment. Mr. Pleasants taking this into consideration, has expended some thousands of pounds towards their relief by provid- ing so suitable a remedy for their distress. PREROGATIVE COURT. This is situated in Ilenrietta-street, near the King’s Inn Temple. The subjects of jurisdiction in this court arc the remains of the ancient power of the ecclesiastics of this country. Matrimony. Divorces, Administrations, Ac. Ac. come under the cognizance of this court. Searches for wills, kiso are here made, and copies obtained. BOTANIC GARDEN. The Botanic Carden is situated at Glassnevin, tw# miles North from the Castle of Dublin. The Gar- » den is the property of the Dublin Society, who have at a great expense, made it worthy of the attention of the curious. It is well laid out, and the hot-houses are furnished with a vast variety of scarce exotics. The whole contains 161 Irish acres. It is only open for the public from 12 to 3 o’clock’ on Tuesdays and Fridays, which frequently occasions a great disap. . • * I .■ ; i ■ I , , ; • v w i . a oy 's I’i.i, i^x.m kelson's pillar, 17 pointment to strangers. We could wish the Society were more liberal in gratifying the public, both at the Society-house arid this Garden. NELSON'S PILLAR. This Pillar, of which we have given a gooJ en- graving, is situated in the centre of Sackviiie-street, to perpetuate the memory of the hero of Trafalgar It was* built by subscription, and the hr.it stone laid on the 15th Feb. 1S08. It is a neat ar i handsome pillar, on the top of which is a gallery, and a statue of Ler i Nelson, leaning against a cap- s'an o' a s up, well executed. It is surrounded with iron pallisades and lamps. Its height is 144 it. the statue is 13 ft. high, and there are 161) steps to 'the top. From the top an excellent view of the city and bay may be obtained. It is is now opened for the public, the price of admittance is ten pence. On the pillar is the following inscription : NELSON. TRAFALGAR XXI OCTOBER MDCCCV. * , | » NORTH. THE NILE, I AUGUST MDCCXCVIII 1 W'EST . EAST . ST. VINCENT COPENHAGEN XIV II FEBRUARY APRIL MDCCXCVII MDCCCI Wl 176 STATUE OF KING WILLIAM Ur, STATUE OF KING WILLIAM III. Tins Equestrian Statue was erected by the citi- zens ot Dublin, to commemorate their deliverance from the government of James II. and the revolu- tion. It is a handsome statue of brass, represent- ing King William on horseback, on a high and neat marble pedestal, surrounded with iron palisades. On the pedestal is the following inscription : GULIELMO Tcrtio; Magnce Britanniae, Francise et Hibernia Rcgi, Ob Religionem Conservatum, Restitutas Leges, Libertatem Assertam, Gives Dublinienses hanc statuain posuere. It was finished in the year 1701, and on th& 1st of July, being the anniversary of the victory at the Boyne, that event was commemorated round this Statue, with considerable splendour and rejoicings. The same event, as is also the 4th Nov. King William's birth day, is yet ob- served, but not with the same degree of attention. The Statue is, however, always fresh painted and dressed with ribbons, and an orange mantle, the expense of which is defrayed by the Corporation of the city. It is situated in the middle of College- green, nearly opposite the National bank. PRISONS. 177 PRISONS . NEWGATE. W men the city of Dublin was enclosed by a Wall, a prison was erected at one of the gales, which stood in the corn-market. This prison was called Newgate. It remained until! the present building was erected. On the 29ih Oct. 1773, the foundation stone oi this mansion of misery was laid in Green-street, and the building carried on under the inspection of Mr. Cooley who formed the plan. The ex- pense amounted to c£Tb,OOQ. was raised oft the in- habitant of the city, except <£ 2000. granted by the Irish parliament. It is a large quadrangular pile, extending 170 ft, in front. At the external angles are lour rouiad towers, with a cavity in each, through which the D 1 tli of the goal is conveyed. On the left side of the entrance is the guard-room, over which is the chapel, and to the right is the Coaler’s apart- ments. After passing the entrance is an iron grte, that leads to the press yard, where the prisoners have, their irons put on and off. From this yard is a passage to apartments in the East front, for those who turn evidence for the Crown, adjoining which is a large room for transports, Another door from this yard communicates with the felons’ squares, 17 8 PRISONS. wherein are the cells, twelve on each floor, with . a stair-case on each side. Before the cells is a cor- ridore walk. iti the centre of the South side is the cistern, to which the water is raised and from thence convey, ed to the different cells. On each side of the cis- tern is the infirmary, divided into two parts, for iut separation of the sexes, a distinction observed throughout the building. ilie cells for taose under sentence of death are h*u!y gloomy ! They compose the cellerage of the £asi front, and are nine in number* There are two common hails to the prisoners 5 yards, where they are allowed the liberty to walk. The Gaoler has apartments to accommodate lus wealthy tenants. To enquire into everv grievance and excess to which prisoners in general are exposed, would be foreign to our work, and, alas ! too painful. We Slave reason to fear, that they are of such a nature as requires more attention than is usually paid them. The promiscuous mixture of the untried and convicted, crowded together in a cell; the fees frequently demanded, and the treatment of a prisoner on his entrance, by prisoners, for what is called garnish money, should be critically attend- ed to, with several others that should be remedied. Seme of the keepers have been accused of de- taining in their possession; the heads and bodies PRISONS, m of such as were executed for high treason, till they were putrid, in order to enhance the sums first demanded from their relatives for them. It was rumoured through the prison, that Emmet’s head sold for c£45. 10s. ! We hope, for the sake of humanity, that these charges were unfounded. — - From the known character of the present Gaoler, we hope that every attention in his power is paid to real grievances. The Grand Jury present, at every Easter and Michaelmas Terms, considerable sums for discharging prisoners without fees! not_ withstanding which they are still demanded, SHERIFFS’ PRISON. This Prison is situated near Newgate, in Green- street, and is appropriated to the use of Debtors only, some of whom appear to live in no con- temptible style, while others are the reverse ! We understand, that some material alterations have ei a made, relative to the rules and regulations of this Prison, much to the advantage of the unfortu- tenant ; and we sincerely hope that, every means will be used by those invested with autho- n -y. to prevent and redress tire grievances, that almost in every prison still exist. A gentleman of the name of Powell , feeling f or confined Debtors in Dublin, vested the sum of d >■•()(). in the Lord Mayor and Aldermen’s hands, for their relief. From the interest of this money", €aca debtor receives on Christmas-eve, a bene- faction of a quartern loaf, a piece of bee?, some coal^ and 1 $, id . in cash. ISO PRISON'S. CITY MAltSIIALSEA. i ins is a small prison adjoining the other, aft'} is occupied by persons confined for small debts. FOUR COURTS MARSHALSEA. Fins prison is also for Debtors, and is situated in Marshal-lane, near Thomas- street. The num- ber m general in this prison, is considerable. KiLMAINHAM GOAL* . This Gaol is large, and well adapted for the purposes intended. It is the County Prison, and is situated at Ivilmainham, from whence prisoners are brought to the Session-house, in Green-street, tor trial. At the front of this Gaol, as also at New* frate, criminals who suffer death are executed. SESSIONS HOUSE. This is a neat and spacious court, where pri- soners are tried for capital offences. It is well fit- ted up, and is usually crowded on such occasions. It is situated in Green-street, between Newgate and the Sheriffs Prison. The Justices and Town Clerks oihees are in this building. NEW BRIDEWELL. This is a large and new building situated on the South side of the Liffey, on the Circular- road, near New-streefc, It was began in the year 1811, and the expences of the building, which was estimated at.^28,691. is raised by presentments of TlOOO. at each Easter, arid Michaelmas Terms off the city of Dublin. v £ III SONS. ,181 RICHMOND GENERAL PENITENTARY. This is also a new and very spacious building, ‘which was begun during the administration of the Duke of Richmond, [t is situated in Grange Gorman-lane. It is for the reception of such con~ victs, from all parts of the kingdom who have been, sentenced to transportation* PENITENTARY FOR YOUNG CRIMINALS. This Penitentary is situated in Smithfield, and was first opened in November 180 !. The prison* ers are kept to constant employment. ADULT FEMALE PENITENT ARY-. This institution was begun in the year 1809, since which time a considerable number have been admitted. PENITENTARY J AMES’S-STREEL This is also a Female Penitentary for prisoners; who are sentenced to a limited confinement. ST. SEPULCHRE’S PRISON. This is a new prison for debtors, belonging t* Hie Liberty of St. Sepulchre’s. It is situated in the Long Lane, near the new Meath Hospital. a 182 bridges. BRIDGES. ESSEX BRIDGE. Bssf.x Bridge was fust erected in the year I07o but being decayed, the present one was built in I7.i l. Its length is 250 feet, and its breath 51 . ■ loin Saving the first stone to its being completed, , une yea i , fiv * months and twenty-one days. Every stone in Essex Bridge is in exact propor- i.on with those in Vv estminster Biid^e, as three to fjur in height, and as one to four in length, it has lately been repaired, and the upper part much improved. The tide rises at this Bridge 10 feet. CARLISLE BRIDGE. This is a handsome stone Bridge, which com- ymmicates from Westmorland street to Sackville- street It was begun in the year i 7 9 K Vessels, at high water, come up the Ldiey as far as this Bridge, where tiny unload. QUEEN'S BE H 8 i This Bridge was erected on the site of Arran Bridge, a mean building, erected in 3 G S 4, and destroyed by the flood in October, !7o3. With its new name it assumed a very elegant form, con* sistmgof three arches, in length 140 feet. It was about four years building, and was finished in 3 708* * *»*- I BRIDGES. RICHMOND BRIDGE, This is a new and handsome Bridge, and the broadest in the city, it is situated near the hour Courts. It was first opened lor the public, on St, Patrick’s day, 181 6 . It cost building, ^28,700. SARAH BRIDGE. On the 22d June, 1791, Sarah, Countess of Westmoreland, laid the foundation of this Bridge* which received its name on the occasion. It is 256 feet long, and 38 broad, having only one el- liptic arch, 1(H feet in diameter. The key-stone is 22 feet above high water. It is allowed to be a model of beautiful architecture. It forms a com- munication between Island-bridge to near the Phoenix park. NEW IRON BRIDGE. This Bridge, of which a representation is given, has lately been erected across the Liffey, opposite LifFey-street. It is 140 feet long, 12 feet wide in the clear, and rises 12 feet in the middle, above high water mark. It is cast in six length peices, of three rows, one on each side, and one in the centre. The whole expence of bridge, fixing, &c. was near ofSOOO. It is the property of Alderman John Claudius Beresford, and William Walsh, Esq. Passengers are charged one halfpenny each lor cross- ing. It was first opened for the public on the 19th day of May, ISIS. 184 Quays* squares* &c» WHITWORTH BRIDGE, This is now building opposite Church-streeL The first stone was laid by his Excellency Lord Whitworth, Lord Lieutenant, on the 16th day of October, 1816. From his Excellency this Bridge derives its name. GUAYS. The Quays of the city of Dublin are a very con- siderable ornament to the Metropolis, and produce a pleasing effect when viewed from any of the bridges. They have of late been much impro\cd, by the erection of the new walls, and now a complete communication being formed from the Last to the West part ot the city*.- — they exceed any that are known. SQUARE S, Sc. SAINT STEPHEN’S GREEN. This Green is considered one o! the larger squares in Europe, being neatly an English mile round. It contains about seventeen acres. In tiie centre is an equestrian statue ot George II. in brass, erected in 1758. The situation is pleasant, and the houses, though unequal, are in general handsome. This square, has lately been inclosed in a neat manner with spacious gravel walks without. 185 SQUARES* &C. MERRION SQUARE. This is near St. Stephen’s-green, and though, not so large, is laid out with ta>te. I o the West is a handsome lawn, at the rere ol the Dublin Society House. This square is much visited as a fashionable walk, particularly on ihe North side, cn a Sunday after two o’clock. A Band ol one ol the regiments in the city generally attend to play, when, if the weather is fine, the number present is considerable. RUTLAND SQUARE. This Square has already been noticed, in the description of the Lying-in-Hospital, with which it is connected, and is a very fashionable place of amusement. In the centre of Palace-row, which forms one of the squares, is the Earl of Charle- mount’s house, which claims attention, not only for the beauty of its architecture, but for its being a repository of the Fine arts. The interior parts are models of convenience. The apartments are well disposed, and embellished by a good collection of paintings. One of Rem- brandt’s finest pieces is in this collection, it repre- sents Judas repenting, and casting the silver pieces on the ground. In the same room is a portrait of Caesar Borgia, by Titian. Here is also a picture by Hogarth, from which no copy was ever taken, till lately by an artist in this city. It represents a iady sitting in a desponding air, and an officer of* Q i 186 PHCRNIX PARK* Iciing her his hat lull of money anti jewels, which he has just won irom her : eager desire is expressed in his countenance, and in hers, repentance and hesitation, I he Library is a most elegant apartment, con* taininga valuable collection of the best writers. At one end in an anti-room, is a fine copy of \ enus de Medicis, sculptured on the spot by Mr. \\ ihon, f I here are also two other small rooms, one, a cabinet of pictures and antiquaries, and the other, of medals. His Lordship has also some handsome statues, and Egyptian curiosities. MOUNT JOY SQUARE. j his is also a handsome Square, round which are neat and well built houses. It is on the North side of the Lifley, in a very genteel part of the city. lo this Square also the fashionable resort when a band plays in the evening. FITZ WILLIAM SQUARE. This is a new square, not yet completed, it is not so large as the others, but is neat. PHCENIX PARK. Th is roval and beautiful Park is seven miles in %> circumference. It is allotted chiefly to the use of the Viceroy and his Secretaries. It is neatly laid out with trees, has several good pieces of water, and is well stocked with deer. The Earl of Chesterfield, in the year 1747, erected a neat H % s •n g H pI N J £ r Vs? rh *=? N M » V C Pi AND CANAL. 187 Corinthian pillar, near the centre, with a Phoenix on the top. On his Majesty’s birth day, there is a grand review of all the military ol the city and country adjacent, in this Park, which is well worth seeing. The prospect from the Magazine or Salute Batterry, is beautiful and extensive. In this Park is to be Erected a Pillar to the memory of his grace the Duke of Wellington, GRAND CANAL, This Canal opens a direct communication from the Metropolis to the river Shannon, and might not only be beneficial to the Country, but to all interested, but for what is too prevelent in Ireland, a too expensive establishment and jobbing. Such was the prospect that presented itself a few years past, with respect to this Canal, that o£T00. of the company’s stock sold as high as nearo£l40. is has since been reduced so low as c£l5. The debt of the Company is one million , which, when the interest became due, in September 1816, the Directors anounced their inability to pay the same* and accordingly suspended payment. Two boats leaves Dublin every morning for Athy, Tullamore, and Shannon harbour, and two also from the Shannon harbour, Tullamore, and Athy, for Dublin. 183 ROYAL CANAL, I ortobello Hotel,-— From this Hotel, of which M-e have given a view, the packet boats depart anil ariive at. Similar ones have been built on the line at considerable expence, some of which are now compleatly useless. Floating Docks —Connected with this Canal are the docks near Ringsend. One is 4000 feet ^ J It t oa d , and the other is 2000 feet jtong. 1 here are three large sea locks, to admit ships from the river, and three graving docks, for such vessels as need repair. Notwithstanding the vast expence these docks cost they are generally nearly empty. ROYAL CANAL* The Royal Canal, like the Grand Canal, ex- tends from the City to ihe river Shannon, and like that has been injured by the same cause. In con- sequence of the insolvency of the Company, an act passed in the Imperial Parliament which now pro- mises to be of considerable service to the creditors, and benefit to the country. The Canal is now vested in »he Directors General of Inland ISavaga- tion, under whose management much has already been effected, and much more benefit is expected* —The Navagation of this Canal has be* n extended from Mullingar to the Shannon, a distance of near 30 miles at the sole expence of Government without one shilling from the revenue of the establishment* The accomodation to passengers who travel la the packet boats, is certainly very respectable . . . i ; ■ ' . . : " •• * , ' > * EXHIBITIONS" 189 The boats travel at the rate of about 31 miles an hour, and the ordinary on board is both reasonable and good. There are two cabins in every boat, and two seperate fares. No charge is made in either cabin for a child under two years old, and only half price for any between that age and ten. No servants in livery are to be admitted in the first cabin, and dogs, if admitted to be paid for as passengers. No compensation is to be made to servants. A boat leaves the Royal Canal House, at the Broad Stone, for Mullingar, every morning, at Six o’clock in summer, and Seven in winter, and another Boat leaves Mullingar for Dublin.— Kates of passage as follows: DUBLIN TO MULLINGAR. No. stage's. . Miles 1st Cabin. 2d Cabin. a’ d s d 1 Clonsilla, or Carhamp - 1 ton Bridge ^ 6 1 5 0 10 2 Rye Aqueduct, 9 1 11 1 3 3 Maynooth 12 2 6 1 H 4 Kilcock 15 3 2 2 l 5 Ferns, or 17th Lock... IGf 3 6 2 4 6 Newcastle 21 4 4 2 11 7 i Moyvally Hotel 24 5 0 3 4 8 i Boyne Aqueduct 2d 5 5 3 8 9 Thomastown. 33 6 10 4 2 1° | Mullingar 40i 8 4 4 10 exhibitions . The Royal Irish Institution, annually ex- hibits, in hie summer, a good collection of pictures 190 PUBLIC AMUSEMENTS, of the old masters, that are procured by a com- mittee from the several proprietors. This exhibition generally claims particular attention. —Admittance one shilling and three pence. Society of Irish Artist’s. —This Society also exhibits at the same time, such new productions as have not appeared in public before. Several pic- tures of considerable merit, have been produced at different times, but the Society being divided into two parties, their late exhibitions have not claimed much attention. Various Exhibitions occasionally appear in Dub- lin, such as Museums, Waxwork, Panorama’s, Wild Beasts, &c. &c. but being uncertain no account can be given of them. The Du blin So- ciety and College Museums are open winter and summer, at the lime before noticed. — . . * *>«•• & PUBLIC AMUSEMENTS. Among the Public Amusements of the City of Dublin may bo classed the Theatre . THEATRE ROYAL. This Theatre is situated in Crow-street, and is considered, by good judges, to be one ot the best constructed, for the advantages oi audience and actors, in the three kingdoms. It has lately u ndergone considerable repairs, and has been belbshed in a neat style. PUBLIC AMUSEMENTS. 191 The ceiling has been raised 6 feet, in the centre of which is a highly finished allegorical painting, representing Hibernia protected by Jupiter, and crowned by Mars; supported on the left by the emblems of the linen, and cn the right, by the woollen manufacture. Near Hibernia is Industry, and at a distance, Mercury. Jupiter leans on the eagle that stands upon his thunder-bolt, and is at- tended by boys, as is also Hibernia. This cti ling is esteemed well executed. On that part immedi- ately over the stage, which has also been raised^ is represented Apollo and Fame. Boxes.— 1 he painting on the pannels of the boxes are numerous, and 'executed in a neat style.' The subject of the first an i second tier is taken from Homer's Iliad, and the two others, from Telemachus . On the Lord lieutenant’s box are various representations of the battle of Troy, the women of Ilia by the persuasion of Juno setting fire to the fleet, ,&c. &c. The present, proprietors have certainly done much to gratify the public. The house, in general, is well filled, and some of the actors are often of the first rate talents. W hen the Lord and Lady Lieutenant attend, the house is crowded. There still exist, ho a ever, an evd oi which vve cannot but complain : On the King ami Queen's birth day, the boxes are announced to be “free for the Ladies! 1 ’ on which occasion no lady of character attend, as such insults have been offered to female delicacy 195 PUBLIC AMUSEMENTS. by prowling banditti of dissipated coxcombs who attend on purpose, and prowl from box to box, as would disgrace the vilest reptiles in society. If such abominable practices cannot be prevented, the Custom ol ft ec admittance on such terms, ought, for the honour ol the City to be discontinued. We hope, therefore, that the Proprietors will use their utmost influence to prevent the repetition of such disgraceful scenes. This Theatre opens about the beginning of November and closes about the end of August. NEW CIRCUS. LOWER ABBEY-STREET. Since the conversion of Astley^s Theatre into a Chapel, nothing of the kind has been permanently established in Dublin, but Mr. Cooke, (whose equestrian talents are well known,) has lately opened this Circus with the greatest incouragement. Such as are fond of seeing extraordinary feats of strength, agility and horsemanship, will attend this house, and we understand, that a succession of performers are engaged, who are likelv to attract a crowded audience. Theatre Fish amble-street. — This is small, and fitted up for an audience, but, though considered a private Theatre is often open for various performances. 19 £» public amusements. Annual Concert. — The Irish Musical Fund So- ciety have an annual Concert for the relief of dis- tressed musicians and their families at the Rotunda. This is generally attended by all the higher rank and fashionables in the Metropolis. There are, also, occasionally Concerts that are well attended. New compositions of considerable merit, and of every species are daily, issuing from the press, that £,rc performed by some of the first late talents* Rotunda Gardens. — The Rotunda. Gardens are open every evening during summer, in fine wea- ther. On this occasion the gardens are illuminated with varigated lamps, and a band of musicians at- tend till 11 o’clock. The price of admittance is only five pence, which is applied to the benefit of the Lying-in Hospital. Ronnybrook Fair.— Among the annual amuse- ments of the inhabitants of Dublin, few claim more attention (particularly among the middle ranks of Society) than Donnybrook Fair. Here, for a week crowds are constantly attending and all kind of public amusements exhibited. About 60 large tents are pitched, where entertainment of every description, may be obtained. During this Fair, little business ts done among the labouring class of Dublin. It begins the 26th day of August. Palmerstown and Rathfarnham Fairs. — Claim also much attention, but are not equal to Ponny- brook. R 194 PROCESSIONS, CUSTOMS, & c . , Grand Annual Review. — On the King’s birth <5ay there is an annual review of all the Troops iu 1‘uMm. in the Phoenix, park by his Excellency the Lord Lieutenant and all the principal military officers. On this occasion many thousands of the Citizens of Dublin attend. Graxd Balls and Suppers.— T here are frpquent- 1) amusements of this kind in Dublin, and occasion- ally masquerades. PROCESSIONS , CUSTOMS, 8?c. Lord Mayor’s Day, is celebrated on the 30th of September, annualljc, on which day the new chief magistrate enters upon the duties of his of- fice. On this occasion, the Lord Mayor, Recorder, Aid ennen, High Sheriffs, &c. proceed instate from the Mansion House to the assembly House, William- street, where being joined by the Common Coun- cil and other Corporation Officers, they proceed in procession to the Castle, accompained by music and a foot company of battle-axe guards, in ancient dress. After being sworn into office, before the Lord' Lieutenant, they proceed in like manner to the Session-House, to open the Courts, when, the High Sheriffs being sworn, the procession returns. In the evening a sumptuous dinner on this occasion is given, at the Mansion House, to the Lord Lieute- nant, and principal nobility and gentry. PROCESSIONS, CUSTOMS, &C. 195 The 2 9th of September, the day previous to the Lord Mayor’s going out of office, he proceeds in like manner to Christ Church, where a sermon is preached on the occasion. Quarter Sessions. —There are (exclusive oi the Commissions) four Quarter Sessions every year for the trial of prisoners. At the opening ot eacii the Lord Mayor and High Sheriffs proceed in state from the Mansion House to the Session House, to open the same. Preambulation of the City. — Every three * years, the Lord Mayor, High Sheriffs, City Officers, &c. preambulate the City 3 to shew the extent ut his Lordship’s jurisdiction. At Ringsend he throws a dart into the river to shew the extent oi his prerogative in that direction, and on passing through a street, called the Cross Poddie, a part of which is without his boundaries, he is always stopt by a number of persons belonging to the liberty., who resist his progress, and do not allow him to pass until he surrenders his sword, and when, having passed, is not returned without a gift and security for the liberation of a prisoner. Opening the Four Courts.— On the first sit- ting day oi every Term, the Lord Chancellor, the Master oi the Rolls, the twelve Judges, &c. pro* ceed in procession through the hall to the King’s Lench Chambers to open the Courts, 196 I ROCESSJONS, CUSTOMS, &c. K.xg’s EiRth Day. On this day, there i, * procession of all the Mail Coaches through the prin- eipal streets of the City, to the Castle, to be review- ed by !,,e LortI Lieutenant. On this occasion the Coachmen and Guards, always appear in new li- ven, and the Coaches and Horses, make a hand- some appearance. Doing Homage — This is a curious and ancient custom which although performed four times every year appears to be but little known to either the citizens of Dublin or strangers. On the third day previous to the end ol every lerm, the Choristers of Christ Church, to secure their estates an d im- munities go to the Court of Exchequer, and d@ Homage to the King, before the Barons in open Court. On this occasion Prayers are read, and an anthem sung on the Green Cloth, which being ended a certificate is handed to the Court to sign, to certify that they have duly performed the same, when they depart, With this certificate, two of them afterwards attend at the Treasury cilice and receives the sum of two Pounds. This entitles them to all their revenues. St. John’s Well . 1 — This is situated near Is- land Bridge, It is almost inconceivable what numbers, particularly of the lower rank in life, re- pair to this Well, on St. John’s Day, to drink the water on the supposition of its efficacy on this day. A Number of Tents are pitched, and the same entertainment as at a fair. 397 PROCESSIONS, CUSTOMS, &.C, Sr. J ames’sDay. On this dayan immense number of the same class resort to St. James’s Church yard, when the graves are all garnished with cut paper. Sec. It is said that the Pope always prays tor the souls of all buried in this Church-yard, on this day, which occasions this annual custom. St. Patrick’s Day.— The anniversary of this day is always observed with peculiar gratification in Ireland, a considerable number of all rank, in so- ciety, wear a shamrock in their hats, famdy and friendly parties are formed, who spend the even- ing together. There is also a Grand Ball and Supper given at the Castle. Koly I'te. — T he Custom of observing Holy Eve is very general in Ireland, and claims almost as much attention in the evening as St Patrick’* Day. Scarves at Funerals* — The wearing of Lmea Scarves at Funerals is peculiar to Ireland. It was m- v nted by Mr. Prior, to encourage the linen trade and first used at the funeral of Mr. Connolly, speak- er of the House of Commons in, October 17 2). The 1st Day of July, the Commemoration of the Battle of the Boyne; the \2'h oj July, the Battle ofAughrim; and the 4th of November, the Birth day ot King W illiamthe 111. are always ob- served with peculiar attention, by a great number of Protestants, not only in the City, bur throughout the Kingdom. 192 PRIVATE COLLECTION 01” PICTURES. CIRCULATING LIBRARIES. There are several Circulating Libraries In the City, where books are lent to read by the week, quarter, or year, on moderate terms, some of which however are very contracted. The most extensive anu general for the greatest variety of publications is Kenipstorj’s, Sackville-stiea. Villi' ATE COLLECTION OF PICTURES. It would be utterly impossible, in this work, to gtve a Catalogue o! the various Pictures of real niei it, that are scattered over the Citv of Dublin \ list therefore of some of the principal proprietors is here briefly given. Earl of Chcirlemont , Palace-row. — Besides those no- ttced in our description of Rutland- square, Judas returning the 30peices ot silver, by Ilcmbrant , a portrait of Casscr Borgio, by Titian, and the Lady’s Last Stake, by Hogarth, St. Paul, by Vandyke , Italian Musician’s, by Tintoretto, The Gate of Calais, or the Roast Beef of old England, by Hogarth, and many others of the ancient masters. Lady Harriet Haley , Ilenrietta-street. — The Assumption of the Virgin, Murillio , Magdalen, Guido , Cleopatra, by Earoccio , and others of equal merit. Earl of Farnham , Palace-row. — The Woman taken in Adultry, by Caravaggio, return of the Prodigal son, Bomanelli , a fine Gasper, Poussin, Venus taken the thorn out of her foot, by Paolo Veronese , good sketches by S. Ricei , &c. &c.. Henry Charles Sirr , Esq. Dublin Castle. — Magdalen, by Titian, Venus and Adonus, by Titian, St. Sebastin, Guido , and many ethers, by the celebrated old masters. John Dunn , Esq. Sackville-street. — Ihe Holy Family, Ruben, a Dead Christ, Avgustino, Carracci , <$r. Tc, LIST OF BARRACKS. 199 John Sweetman, Esq. Britain-street.— -The Anointing of Christ, by Annibal , Carracci. The Solitude, by Nicholas Poussin , The Virgin and Child, by Carracci , Brazen Ser- pent, by C. L. JBrun , Sec. Sec. George Hilly Esq. Buckinham-street. — A Vertumncs, and Pomona , and many specimens of the old Masters. Trinity College , Provost House, Grafum-street. Hon. Rev. John Pomroy, Merrion-square, has an extensive •ollection of the old Masters. J^ady Belvidere , Denmark-street. Bishop of Down, Great George 's-street, North. Marquis of Waterford , Marlborough- street. Bishop of Derry, Merrion-square. Do wager Rosmore , Merrion-street. Lord Lifford, Merrion-square. Sir Charles Ormsby , Bart . Ely-place. Richard Fox, Esq . Hume-street. Mrs. Talbot, Eccles-street. Thomas Potter, Esq. Cavendish-row. David Fitzgerald, Esq. Stephen’s-green, North. John Boyd, Esq. Stephen’s-green, South. Mark Byrne, Esq. Fitzwilliam-street. Rev. Mr. Seymour, Baggot-street. Fra ncis Knox, Esq. Gardiner’s-place. Dr. Take, Stepheu’s-green, West. John Graves, Esq . Fitzwilliam-square: John Latouche, Esq. Merrion-square. Thomas Maning, Esq. Gloucester-street. Henry Maning, Esq. Grenville-street. William Moore , Esq. Capel-street. John Smily , Esq. Baggot-street. The foregoing list is all that at present have came within our knowledge, we have no doubt but there are several others that possess many valuable Paintings, equally deserving of notice, we hope, therefore, on a future occasion, to be abfe to increase tne list, and will gladly receive any communication from any Lady or Gentleman, who may possess the same. LIST OF BARRACKS. ROYAL, Barrack-street, divided into four neat squares and are capable of containing 4000 Foot, and 1000 Horse. Island-bridge, Artillery George Vstreet, Infantry ’ I ortobcllo, Cavalry Kevin-street, ditto Baggot-street, ditto Coombe, ditto James Vstreet Infantry Pigeon- House, ditto Richmond, Kilmamham, ditto Townsend-street, depot. do } 200 CHURCHES. Ac. LIST OF ESTABLISHED PARISH CHURCHES. St. Andrew’s, Andrew-street St. Mary’s, Mary's-street ht. Ann s. Dawson-street St. Michael’s, High-street. St. Audoen’s, Audoen’s-arch St. Michan’s, Church-street St. Bridget’s, Bride-street St. Nicholas within, Nicholas-st St. Catherine’s, Thomas-street St. Nicholas without, in ruins St. George’s, Hardwicke-place St. Paul’s, King’s-street St, James’s, James’s-street St, Peter’s, Aungier-street St. John’s, Fishamble-street St. Thomas’s, Marlboro’-street St. Luke’s, Coombe St. Werburgh’s, Werburgh-st. St. Mark’s, Mark-street In addition there are, St. Kevin’s, Kevin-street, united to St. Peter’s; St. George’s, Temple- street, a Chapel of ease Castle Chapel, for the Viceory, &c. CHAPELS NOT UNDER TIIE ARCHBISHOP. Magdalen Asylum, Leeson-st. Sunday School, North Strand Bcthesda, Dorset-street Marine School, Rogerson’s-Q. Lying-in- Hospital, Britain-st. Hibernia School, Phoenix Park Bluecont-Hosp. I31ackhall-st. Molyneaux Asylum, Peter-st. Foundling- Hosp. Mt. Brown FOREIGN CHURCHES AND CHAPELS. German Lutheran Church, Poolbeg-street French Calvinist Church, Peter’s- street, shut St. Patrick’s French Chapel, Patrick’s Cathedral PROTESTANT DISSENTING MEETING-HOUSE Mary’s- abbey, Presbyterian, Westminister Confession * Usher’s- court, ditto, ditto Strand- street. ditto, Unitarians Eustace-strcet, ditto, ditto Mass-lane, Presbyterian, Burgher Seceders ^ Mary’s-abbey, ditto Anti-Burgher ditto 1 3 1 unket-street, I ndependant York- street, ditto Swift’s-alley, Baptist Bishop-street Moravian Mountjoy-square, Methodist (Wesley Chapel) W hitefriar-street, ditto Hendrick- street, ditto lianelagh, ditto (Cullen’s- wood Avenue) Sycamore- alley, Quakers Meath-street, ditto THE Jews have no Synagouge in Dublin, nor in Ireland, but they have a Burying-ground near Ballybough-biidge. « CHAPELS, Ac. 201 ROMAN CATHOLIC PARISH CHAPELS. Tawnsend-street Francis-street Liftey-street Arran-quay Marlboro’-street Mary’s-lane Meath- street James' s-street Bridge-street H ar d wick- stre eft Exchange-st, ( St. Michael’s and John’s) FRIARIES. Denmark-street Cook-street (Adam & Eve) Clarendon-street Church-street French-street (St. Patrick) Thomas-street ( St . John) Ash street NUNNERIES. George’s-hill James’s-street King -street Warren-Mount, (new) LIST of FIRE and LIFE Albion, 28 Westmorland- st. Globe, 37, Westmorland-st. Hope, 18, Westmorland-st. Hibernian, 42, Dame-street Dublin, 33, Dame-street Phoenix, 85, Dame-street Commercial, Commercial- Buildings British and Irish United, 40, Dame- st. Norwich, 2, Capel-street. Clontarf Harold’s-cross Ranelagh INSURANCE OFFICES, Westminster, 40, Dame-st, Eagle, 25, Dame-street London, 5, College-green Atlas, 33, Batchelors-walk Pelican, 76, Sack vill e-street London Union, 29, College-gr. Marine, Commercial Buildings Sun, 29, Daine-strcet Irish, Royal Exchange London, do. 5, College-green LIST OF BANKERS. Sir William Gleadow Newcomen & Co. Castle-street Right Hon. David Latouche & Co. Castle-street John Finlay & Co. Jervis-street Ball’s & Co. Henry-street Robert Shaw & Co. Foster-place Sir William Alexander 8c Co. Sackville-street COUNTRY BANKERS NOTES Payable in Dublin* Belfast, Gordon & Co. at Watson Sc Law’s , Abbey-street Lurgon, Brownlow 8c Co. at Messrs. Phelps’s, Capel-street Payable only from ten to two o’clock. 502 PRINCIPAL HOTELS. % LIST OP THE PRINCIPAL HOTELS. Sack ville. street Poof, Inn, Boot-lane ,? eIfas ‘. 46 , Cap el-street ominercml Commerdal Buildings c5 -’ l L New Henmark-street ° castJ e, Essex-street Charlcinount 34 , Sackville-stteet rSy!*£ i§K* ,«“ 4 « OwyerV,, — , Exchequer-street iJuiiii s, — , Mary- street pollard’s. 2, Bolton-street rZeu'l? v°r S7 ’ ^street a aueli, 41, Exchequer-street Finnegan, 45, Mary-street - an e II , ] , Dorset- stree t ’ i n n egan , 4, Damn ick- street •Gosson s, 6, Bolton-street Grand Canal, Portobello Kcai ns s, 26, Sackyillc- street Kearns’s, 58, Kildare- street Eemster, 28, Fredrick-street Leech's Royal, 41, Kildare-stteet avion ison s, iJawson-street II‘E /oy s, 5 & 6, Kildare- street Moira, 15 & 14, Sack vi lle- st reet M‘Donald’s, 59, Mary- street- M‘Cann, 65, I>ill lane M Nanwa, 4, Wormwood i r a(e Mitenell, ol, Bridge- street vdu Ram, 20, A ungier- street Prince cf Wales’s, 19, Sack ville- strew 1 ower, 109, Thomas street Royal Mail Coach, 12, Dawson-street I loyal Hibernian, 47, l>aw son-street Rylands, 45, Sackyille^street Icyan s, 154, Great Bn tain -street Robinson, 47, Mary-street Jeeling, 47, King-street Tuth ill, <51, Dawson-street Wicklow, 24, Stephen’s-green, North Watkin’s, 56, City-quay Waterford 17, Sack wile- street MAIL & STAGE COACHES, & PACKE1 S. 203 LTST OF MAIL COACHES. Cork, Royal Mail Coach Hotel, 12, Dawson-street, Cork, (Mid-Day) by Cashel, ditto Enniskillen, Royal Mail Coach Hotel, 97, Capel-street Galway, Royal Hibernian Hotel, 46, Dawson- street, Londonderry, Gosson’s Hotel, Eolton-street Limerick, Royal Hibernian Hotel, 46, Daw son-street Northern Coach, Royal Mail Coach Hotel, 97, Capel-street Sligo, Royal Hibernian Hotel, 46, Dawson-street Wexford, Wexford Hotel, 41, Harry-street, off Grafton-st. Waterford, Moira Hotel, New Sackville- street A Mail Coach attends the Packet for Holyhead, eves y Evening, from the Mail Coach Hotel, Dawson-street LIST OF STAGE COACHES. Athboy, Royal Hibernian Hotel, 46, Dawson-street A till one, ditto Ballinasloe ditto Black Rock, \o?>, Baggot- street Cork, Royal Mail Coach Hotel, 12, Dawson-street Cashel, ditto Cootehill, Royal Mail Coach Hotel, 97, Capel-street Castlcpollard, Royal Hibernian Hotel, 46, Dawson-street Cavan, (by Navan end Kells) Royal Mail Coach Hotel, No. 97, Capel-street, Drogheda, Gosson’s Hotel, 6, Bol ton-street Drogheda, Leonard s Hotel, 2, Bol ton-street Dunleary, 1 55, Eaggot-street Enniskillen and Killeshandra, Gosson’s Hotel, I3olton-st. Killeshandra, Royal Mail Coach Hotel, 97, Capel-street Kilkenny, Royal Mail Coach Hotel, 12, Dawson-street Limerick, Hibernian Hotel, 46, Dawson-street Limerick, (another route) ditto Monaghan, ditto Mullingar, ditto Newry, Gosson’s Hotel, Bolton-street Ross, Moira Hotel, New Sackville-street Wexford and Ross, Royal Mail Coach Office, 41, Harry- street, oil* Grafton -street. STEAM PACKETS. Two Steam Packets have lately been established, to sail between Dublin and Holyhead. They are commodiously fitted up for passengers, and sail from Ilowth harbour, general- ly every second day. Another is also preparing to sail from the Lilfeyto Dunleary, ever) day. NEWSPAPERS, TAXES, BATHS, & c . LIST OF NEWSPAPERS. Carnck’s Morning Post, Batchelors-walk (Daily Morning Correspondent, Dame-street (Daily Evening-) ° Chronicle, Damo-street, (Three-days Evenin’") Dublin Gazette, Parliament-street. Dublin Evening Post Trinity-street (Three-days Evening Dublin Journal, Parliament-street Fiee man s Journal, Trinity-street (Daily Morning) Hibernian Journal, Anglesea- street (Daily Mornin") Saunders’s News Letter, Dame-street (Daily Mornm") Weekly Gazette, Strand-street. LIST OF TAXES COLLECTED IN DUBLIN. Hearth and Windows Grand Jury Anna LifFey Wide Street Minister’s Money Parish Cess Watch Pipe Water Metal Main Paving and Lighting Foundling Hospital Parish Clerk’s Dues Card Tax. — This Tax is only paid for Houses that pay Twenty-shillings Minister’s Money. Quay Tax.— -Every House on the Quays, pay Two shillings per foot, in addition to other Taxes. Square Tax. — All Houses in the several Squares pay an extra Tax, for the Square in proportion to its breadth. Poddle Tax. — This Tax is paid by all Houses built over, or near the course of the River Poddle. There are, also, occasional Taxes, such as Private Still Fine, Mob Tax, &c. Sec. LIST OF PUBLIC BATHS. Temple-street Irish Town Merrion Black llock Sea Point Crane-lane North Wall Annesley Bridge SAINT PATRICK’S CATHEDRAL. Since our description of this Cathedral, the repairs noticed, have been compleated, when several curious specimens of Antiquity were discovered— the Ancient Ground Floor of the North Isle, some Stone Coffins, and other relicks worthy of notice. PLACES FREQUENTLY RESORTED, &c. 205 LIST OF PLACES Frequently TXesorted to in the V icinity of Dublin* BLACK liOCK , near four miles S. E. from the Castle. It commands a good view of the Bay and adjacent country, and is a great resort of company, for bathing and pleasure. Cars and Jingles attend constantly in Baggor-street to convey pas- sengers, d. each Sea Point , about half a mile beyond the Black Rock. Sea Point House is a fashionable Hotel and Lodging-house, in which, during summer, there is frequently a grand ball and supper. Dunleary is also situated on the Bay, a full mile from Black Rock, and five miles from the Castle, A Pier is now building to the East of Dunleary, which will afford safety to vessels of every burden. Passengers from the Holyhead Packets frequently land here. Bulloch about a mile and a half from Dunleary. Dalkey , near three miles beyond Dunleary, and near an Island called by the same name. It commands a beautiful view of the Bav. Here are the ruins of some Castles, and on the Island is a Pagan altar. Killiney , near Dalkey, and about eight miles from Dublin. Here are some curious remains of Druidic antiquities. Merrion lies on the Black Rock road, pleasantly situated, full two miles from Dublin, Boolerstoum , a little beyond Merrion, on the same road Williamstown , between Booterstown and Black Rock, Stillorgan , about four miles from Dublin, where is an obe- lisk upwards of 100 feet high. JDundrum , three miles and a half from Dublin* on the road to the Dargle and waterfall. Enniskerry, about nine miles from Dublin, much frequented Eyeing near the Dargle. On the road to this town is a very romantic glen, called the Scalp. Dargle. A romantic beautiful place, much resorted to. A stranger will be highly gratified with the grand, extensive and variegated views that exhibit themselves here. Poiverscourt Waterfall. This Demense and Cascade is inex- pressibly grand and beautiful. It is equal, if not superior to smy thing of the kind to be seen, and is visited by the first people of rank and fashion that come to Dublin. S 206 PLACES FREQUENTLY RESORTED, &e. ui-ii. uii ir)i aim kjvpi. _ it eight miles from Dublin, the North side of the Bay. I ere is a good Light-house. A lar c Pier-head lately tinbhed t bat extends some hundred yard which afford s* shellei Per vessels, and where some of the Holyhead steam packet* sail from. Oonlcrf. A favourite bathing village, memorable for the battle foosht between the Danes and Irish. It commands a O beautiful \ lew of the Bay and City. Chapclhod is situated on the banks of the Liffey, about two miles and a half West, and near the Phoenix park. Glasnevin . The Botanic garden is situated at tin's place. Lucan is about six miles and a half from the Castle, a neat town, near which is an excellent Hotel and Spa, greatly es- teemed. It is much frequented in summer. Leixli-p is a handsome town on the banks of the Liffey, eight miles from the Castle. A view from the bridge is excessively beautiful. Near this is the Salmon Leap; MciynoOih is situated about eleven miles from Dublin. Here is a large, elegant Roman Catholic College, and the Seat and Demen se of the Duke ot Leinster. It in send is about a mile and a half from the Castle, on the rvwd to the Pigeon House. The great South wall, which is two miles and a half long, begins here, and is terminated with ijoht House. The i lgeon House Harbour, Hotel and bar- racks, on this wall, are worth viewing. Cl err dal kin is five miles VV est of the C asbe, and neai the road to Naas, where is an ancient round Tower in finepreservaticn. Ixo/'ifarnhcmi is four miles South of the Castle ineie is a Pair held here on the ICtli July. rolmertUoum is four iriles West of tire Castle Fair held here on the 19th August. Donnyhrook is two * - E. ot the CasJe Fah held here on the 26th August, remarkable for the great .. „;„,, er „f the lower orders who resort to it. from tlm C.tv, and ,1 consequent scene of disorder it too f requently exmbits. ' Jslcmd ' Bridge is a mile and a hal f West of die C astle noted , % Ini A well to which, on that Saint’s day, great man- SrSi of a virtue which its water isdren sup- posed to have in curing disorders. F IN / S. There is a There is a ABBIES, Ancient - 16 Academy, Royal Irish Oft 131 Aldermen of Dublin - 51 Ale, Consumption of - 64 Ancient Walls, Towers and C i tics m- 9 — Suburbs - 14 — Nunneries mm 16 Anatomy House, Trinity College - 94 Animal Food, Consumption of - 62 Apothecaries’ Hall - 173 Arrival of Henry II. 29 John - - 51 Richard II. •m 34 — * — Richard, Duke of York - 35 Oliver Cromwell - 58 James 11. - - 39 William III. mm 42 Asylum for Aged and Infirm Female Servants 169 Association for Discountenancing Vice mm ib f Asylum, Magdalen, Leeson-street - 167 * — — General *4 168 Molyneax 167 . Richmond Lunatic rnm 168 — ■- Goldsmith’s Jubilee 170 B BANNERS of the Knights of St. Patrick ' 1.55 Bank of Ireland, particular Description of 67 Banking Houses - - - 201 Baths, List of Public - - 204 Barracks - - - 199 Beer, Consumption of 64 Benevolent Institutions - - 1C9 Blind Men’s Hospital b* - 16G Blue Coat Hospital *. % 132 203 INDEX, Bible Society 170 Botanic Garden mm 174 Bridge, Carlisle r 182 — Essex at - ib. — Queen • ib. — Richmond - 183 — Sarah •» ib — New Iron 185 — Whitworth 184 Buildings, Original - 5 Bowes, Lord, Monument - - 145 Bedford’s Asylum - 169 Board of Education Mi ib. c CASTLE, Dublin ns 73 Chapel, - - 85 Castles, Ancient am - 9 Canal, Grand - ■m 187 — — - Hotel iM 188 — — Docks em ao 188 — Royal - 188 — - — Fares - S3 189 Christ Church c&k - 140 Cathedral Patrick’s cm mm 149 Catherine’s, St. Hospital - - 171 Cow Pock Institution - mm 169 Charitable Infirmary - - ib. — — , Society - - ib. . — • Loan ■JB ib* Charter School Society Caution to Stangers Charter, Henry II s, first to Dublin Charity Schools Churches, List of - Chapels, List of Charter School, Clontarf Civil Government City Marshalsea Clark’s curious Skeleton Clerks of the Crown Ollico Coals, Consumption of Corporation of Dublin a ib . 55 50 171 200 ib, 163 51 180 95 180 6 ( 9 51 INDEX. 209 Common Council m - 52 Commercial Buildings - 105 Insurance 201 Customs, Processions, &c. - - 194 Coaches, Mail and Stage - - 205 Custom House - - 104 Charlemont, Earl of, House, Sic, - 185 Church, St. George’s - 156 200 Circus, New - 192 D D ANES, State of Dublin under - ei Dispensary, General - 169 St. George’s - 170 Infant Poor - ib St. Mary’s and St. Thomas’s ib St Bridget’s and St. Peter’s ib Dublin, General Description of - 48 Origin of - - 2 — Original Site - 4 — Buildings 5 — — Inhabitants - 6 — Extent in the 1 Oth and 12th Centuries 8 — Suburbs, Ancient — 14 — State cf from the Arrival of the English 25 — Surrender of, to Henry II. . 29 First Charter to - 50 — State from Henry II to Edward 11. 5 i — From Edward II. to Edward III 53 — Edward HI to Henry V. - 31 — Henry IV. to Henry VIII. 35 — Henry V 1 1 1. to James 1 1 - 58 — James 11= - 39 — S.nce the Revolution 42 — Military Government - 44 — Ecclesiastical History « 45 — Several Plagues m 46 « — Civil Government of 51 — Lord Mayor - ib — Board of Aldermen • | ib INDEX, — Population — Diseases and Morality — Salubrity of Climate ( onsumption of Provisoes — Castle — Society House — Library Society Docks, Ringsend Duke of Schombreg’s Monument and Scull Dean Swift’s Monument - 57 59 60 61 78 117 171 188 156 152 E ECCLESIASTICAL History Earl Strongbow’s Monument ■ — Kildare’s Monument English, Arrival of Exhibition Room of the Society of Artists 45 143 146 25 125 190 F FARES of the Canal Royal Boats 189 l airs in the Vicinity — mm 195 Farming Society _ — 170 Fever Hospital, Cork-street — • ib. — — St. George’s mm ib . Fire Insurances, List of m 201 Foreign Churches 200 Foundling Hospital mm 157 Friaries w mm 201 Four Courts C=Ji 114 G GARDEN, Botanic 174 Gates, Original - — 9 General I’ost Office %um - 108 George’s St. Church - - 156 George I. Statue mu em 156 11. Statue Km 184 . — III. Statue J» toj 101 Grand Canal, mm mm 187 Green, St. Stephen’s - - 184 INDEX. II HENRY IT Arrival of - 29 History, Introductory - 1 Hospital, Lying-in - 126 — Blue Coat - - 132 — Kilmainham • 137 — Foundling - - 157 —— Ste])hens’s - 159 — Swift’s — 161 — Royal Military im 162 — Mercer’s - ib — Meath ib — Fever, Cork-street 165 — . Westmoreland *• 16 1 — Of Incurables _ 165 • — Simpson’s - 166 — Other, and Benevolent Institutions 169 House of Industry - 165 House of Lords described, late 75 Hotels, List of mm 202 I JAMES' s, St. Church am 200 James II. Government in Dublin mm 39 Insurance Companies 201 John’s, King, Arrival in Dublin — 31 curious Arms in St. Patrick’s Ch. 155 John’s St. Church 200 Well - 196 K KING’S Bench, Court of 114 Inns Temple — 172 Knight’s of St. Patrick mm 155 Kevin’s St. Church - 200 L LE SK E A N Museum mm 120 Linen Hall «. 173 n a INDEX, Library, Trinity College Dublin Society House Society, Burgh quay Marsh’s King’s Inns Temple — Earl of Charlemont’s Lord Lieutenant Mayor’s day Lucas’s, Dr Charles, Statue Lock Penitentiary M MAIL COACHES Mansion House . M agistrates, Pol ice Markets Marslialsea Prisons INI Grath, Irish Giant, Skeleton Meeting Houses, List of Merrion Square Mount j oy Square Monuments in Christ Church St. Patrick’s Cathedral Museum, Trinity College Dublin Society — — Royal College of Surgeons N NEWGATE Newspapers Nelson’s Pillar Nunneries 92 - 117 * 171 172 ib . * 1 86 82 194 102 16 7 - 203 135 53 65 180 95 200 1 85 186 143 151 90 119 130 177 204 175 201 o OLIVER Cromwell’s Arrival in Dublin 5S Orphan House - - 166 P P RI V A TE Collection of Pictures 198 « lectures in Trinity College 91 Provost’s House 97 . , - — — Mansion House 155 Dublin Society House - 125 INDEX, Pictures in the Royal Hospital 133 Blue Coat Hospital Earl of Charlemont’s «• 135 - 186 Marsh’s Library Society of Artists’ - 172 - 190 ■ * — Theatre Royal - ib. — — — — Tapestry, Bank mm 73 Public Amusements - 190 Population of Dublin - 57 Post Office - 108 Penny Posts - 112 Prisons - 177 Police Offices and Magistrates mm 53 Prior’s Monument - 148 Phoenix Park - . 186 Packets in & 203 Prerogative Courts * ■B 174 Processions, Customs, $c. 194 Q. QUAYS SO 184 R REFUGE, House of • 170 Royal College of Surgeons mm 130 Royal Irish Academy 131 — — Exchange - 93 — — Hospital - 137 — — - Military Infirmary m 162 Canal - 188 Rutland Square - 185 Roman Catholic Chapels, &c. - - 201 Richard, King II, Arrival in Dublin - 34 S SURRENDER of Dublin to Henry II. 29 Strongbow, Earl, Account of - 25 Monument - 143 Session House - - 180 Sarah Bridge - - 183 Strangers’ Friend Society - - 171 Society of Irish Atists - - 190 INDEX. School, Female Orphan Freemason Orphans — Charity, &c. Charier, near Clontarf Societies, Charitable, various Stamp Office Smith’s, Archbishop, Monument S^nt s, Dean, Monument Statue of King William III, otove Tenter drying House T TRINITY College — — Museum — — Theatre —Chapel • Refectory * — - — Library ~ — Anatomy House —Park — — -Provost’s House *“ — N umber of F el 1 ows Temple, King’s Inns Towns and Villages near Dublin Taxes Thomas’s, St. Church Theatre Royal College of Surgeons 166 - 1 70 171 16 8 169 136 152 ib. 17 6 - 174 85 9q 91 92 - tb. ib. 94 96 97 ib. 172 - 20 5 204 200 19 © 130 \v WAX Works in Anatomy House Work House William 1 1 1. Arrival in Dublin ! - ■ 1 Statue in Colle^e-firee Well, St. John’s & S . — St. Patrick's - 94 165 42 176 196 154 - . ■V