WB9 
 
 m 
 
 "A 
 
 I 
 
especially that of Andrew, is of the find 
 admirable both in drawing and colour. Th> 
 are now much sought for by collectors, and 
 high prices 
 
 Si2 MINING — Records of | 
 
 ^rlif^H Kt/ Tr»T-.r> Tairlnr F R S 
 
Digitized by the Internet Archive 
 in 2014 
 
 http://archive.org/details/antiquitiespfabbOOdavi. 
 
THE 
 
 A N T I Q^U I T I E S 
 
 OF THE 
 
 A B B 
 
 O R 
 
 Cathedral 
 
 O F 
 
 DURHAM. 
 
 ALSO 
 
 A particular Defcription of 
 
 the County Palatine of Durham, 
 
 Compiled from the beft Authorities and 
 Original Manuscripts. 
 
 To which is added, 
 
 The Succeflion of the Bishops, Deans, 
 Archdeacons, and Prebends: The 
 Bishop's Courts, and his Officers: 
 And the Castles andMANs ion-hou s e s 
 of the Nobility and Gentry : With other 
 Particulars. 
 
 Newcaflle upon Tyne : 
 
 Printed by J. WHITE and T. SAINT, for 
 P. Sanderson, at Mr Pope's Head, in Durham. 
 
 E Y 
 
 Church 
 
 MDCGLXV1L 
 
TO THE 
 
 Honourable and Reverend 
 
 SPENCER COWPER, D.D. 
 
 DEAN of DURHAM. 
 
 S I R, 
 
 HT^HE greateft Encouragement I 
 
 had in the Publication of 
 the following Sheets, which con- 
 tain a Defcription of the ancient 
 State of that renowned Cathedral in 
 which you fo worthily prefide, and 
 of that County in which you have 
 fo large an Intereft, were the Hopes 
 that you would honour them with 
 your Protection. And notwithftand- 
 ing the Subjects themfelves feem 
 naturally to point you out as their 
 
 A 2 
 
 Patron ; 
 
- ( ii ) 
 
 Patron; yet your good Nature, in 
 gratifying my Ambition in prefix- 
 ing your Name to them, will al- 
 ways be efteemed by me, as an 
 efpecial Mark of Favour, among 
 the many other Civilities I have 
 already received at your Hands. 
 
 The Hiftory of the County of Dur- 
 ham is indeed upon a new Plan, 
 and many Additions are made to 
 it, which were never before pub- 
 lilhed ; yet I have not the Vanity 
 to imagine that the Performance 
 is any Way worthy of being of- 
 fered to a Perfon of your Penetra- 
 tion } or that it can add any Thing 
 to your Information in Matters per- 
 taining thereto. My principal Aim 
 is to flicker it under your Patronage, 
 and to embrace this Opportunity of 
 paying that Tribute, which is a juft 
 
 Debt 
 
( »i ) 
 
 Debt from every honefl Heart, to one 
 whofe exalted Birth and Merit fhine 
 with equal Luftre. Your humane 
 Temper, your obliging Affability 
 and Condefcenlion, afford me a no- 
 ble and jufl Subjedl of Panegyrick ; 
 but it is not my Intention to enter 
 into a Detail of your Virtues. I 
 am too confcious of my weak A- 
 bilities to attempt it, neither dare I 
 offend your Modefty ; therefore fhall 
 not prefume further, fave only to 
 make this publick Acknowledg- 
 ment, how defirous I am of having 
 the Honour of declaring myfelf to 
 be, with all dutiful Refpedt, 
 
 S I R, 
 
 Tour mojl obliged, 
 Mojl devoted, and 
 Mojl humble Servant, 
 
 Pat- Sanderfon. 
 
ERRATA. 
 
 In the Antiquities ^Durham Abbey, fcfa 
 
 page 5. Line 18, 33. p. ** 1. «. p. if. X i«> 19. p. if.j. *. 
 
 p. 33. I. 27, *9 34; 3* P- 34. J - * x 3- P- 37 1. 23, 16. 
 
 p. 49. 1. 3$. p. SO- 1. 8, I4i *7> 35. p. It. 1. 10, 24, 26. 
 
 p. 51. 1. 6, 8, 18, 14. 27, 34- P> S3, i. 27. p. 54 1. IS. 
 
 p. 58. 1. 13, is. p. 72. 1. 2, s, 7, ip. p. 73. I 10. in all 
 
 thcfe Places for is read was* 
 -P. 4. I. 26. foi 4j read /». P. 5. 1. 18, 31. p. so. I. 3 3. 
 
 p. 51. 1. 6. in thefe Places for hath read 64/. 
 p. 18. 1. 29 iot^de read c/£^. P.zi.l.ii for 7?<?4<i read Hood. 
 p. 34. 1. 16. 18, 28. p. 49. 1. 3 2. p. 51. 1. 15, 24. p. 50. 1. 10, 
 
 14, 23, 3*, for are read 'were. P. 50 1, at", for contains 
 
 read contained. P. 5 7. 1. H- aftci . others add fay. 
 
 ^ Defcription, 
 
 P. II. 1. 22. for Saturdays read Wednefdays. P. 17. 1. 26. There 
 is no Seac at prefent at Old Durham. F. 19. 1. 3. read /u>» 
 lower Towers at the Weft End, and two Spires about the Middle 
 facing the South. P. 31. 1. 5. leave Out Sheriffs. P. 77. 1. 3. 
 for MuJicL School read Singing School. P. 5>z. 1. 3. for fourth 
 iead fecond. P. 92. laft Line but two; and p. 98, laft Line 
 but one, for was read */. P. 109. 1. 23. for to read from. 
 P. 121. laft Line, iead thirds firft, and fixth. P. 131. 1. 17. 
 for ^iskf read ^4;^, P. 137. I, p. for f/;? Hcvcrtnd read r/;f 
 Tygfo 'Kg/ trend* 
 
T H E 
 
 A N T I Q^U I T I E S 
 
 O F 
 
 DURHAM ABBEY, &c. 
 
 IN the Eaftern or higheft Part within the Church 
 were the Nine Altars, dedicated and eredted in 
 Honour of feveral Saints ; and of them taking 
 their Names, as the Infcriptions thereof will 
 declare : The Altars being placed North and 
 South, one from another, along the Front of the 
 Church, in an Alley the whole Breadth thereof. 
 
 In the Middle of which Front was the Altar of the 
 Holy Fathers, St. Cuthbcrt and St. Bede, having all 
 the aforefaid Altars equally divided on either Hand, 
 on the South four, and on the North four. 
 
 On the South were the four following : 
 
 1. The Altar of St. Ofwald, and St. Lawrence. 
 
 2. The Altar of St, Thmms of Canterbury, and St. 
 ■Catharine. 
 
 3. the Altar of St. John Baptift, and St. Margaret. 
 
 4. The Altar of St. Andrew, and St. Mary Mag- 
 dikne; being 4 the outermoft Altar towards the South. 
 
 B Before 
 
2 T'he A K T I Q. U I T I E s 
 
 Before the Place of the fecond Altar lies buried the 
 Rev. Mr. Thornton ; the following Infcription being 
 erefted to Bis Memory by Mrs. Comber, Wife to the 
 learned Dean Comber : 
 
 M. S. 
 Hie jacet 
 Robert us Thornton, 
 A. M. Fil. & Fter, Guil Thornton, 
 De Newton, in Com. Ebor. Arm, 
 Et Alio Ux. ejus, Socius Coll. D. 
 ]\fagd. Oxon; et Reftor de Boldon, 
 Qui obijt Junij IV. 
 An. Dom. MDCXCII. 
 Pos. A. C. Soror Char. Ail 
 MDCXCV. 
 
 In EngliJJj thus : 
 
 Here lieth interred, 
 The Body of Robert Thornton, M. A. 
 Son and Heir of William Thornton, of Newton, 
 In the County of Tork % Efq; 
 And of Alice his Wife. 
 He was Fellow of Migdalene College, in Oxford, 
 And Reftor of Boldon. 
 He died the fourth Day of June, 
 In the Year of our Lord, 1692. 
 His dear Sifter, Ann, 
 Erected this Monument, facred to his Memory, 
 In the Year, 1 695. 
 
 In the South Angle of the faid Nine Altars, next to 
 the Cemetery Garth, commonly called the Centry Garth, 
 and next the laid Altar there was an Almery fet, 
 wherein finging Bread and Wine were ufually placed ; 
 at which the Sacriftan caufed his Servant or Scholar 
 daily to give Attendance, from Six of the Clock in 
 
 the 
 
of D U R II A M A B B % ¥. 
 
 the Morning, till the High' Mafs was ended, out of 
 tvtiich to deliver finging Breagj and Wine to thole who 
 did affifi and help the Monks to celebrate and lay Mafs. 
 
 Richard dv Bury, BHhop of Durham, lieth buried 
 before the fourth of theie Altars, under a fair Marble 
 Stone, whereon his own Image was moll curiouOy and 
 artificially engraved in Brafs, with the Pictures of the 
 Twelve Apoftles divided and bordered on either Side, 
 and other fine 'imagery Work about it, which greatly 
 -adorn the Marble Stone. 
 
 On the North Side of St. Cuthkerfs and St. Bcdcz 
 Altar were thefe four following : 
 
 1 . The Altar of St. Martin, and St. Edmund. 
 
 2. The Altar of St. Peter, and St. Paul. 
 
 3. The Altar of St. Aidanus, and St. BtJene. 
 
 4. The Altar of the Holy Arch-angel, St. Michael, 
 being the outemnoR towards the North* 
 
 The Rev. Dean Grayham r Prebendary of this Ca- 
 thedral, placed the following ■ Infcription to the Me- 
 mory of his two young. Sons,, interred before the fe- 
 cond of thefe Altars : 
 
 Hie juxta condiintur 
 Duo Fratres innoceutiffimi- 
 Alter Richardus Graham, 
 Natu maximus U r ilhim. S. T. P. 
 Hujus Ecclefiae Canonici 
 Et tunc tcmporis Carkotcns, 
 Nunc Wcllenjh Decani, 
 Et Maria Uxoris de fi'deratiflimse. 
 ■ Natus Aug. 30, DenatusDec. 22, 16S9. 
 Alter Georgius, quern tertio partu, 
 Edidit pia Mater tcrtium iilium : 
 Amabilem, docilem, & ingeniofum. 
 Quern Deus antique Profapi^ .ihmlem, 
 Et Animo & Corpore finxerat. 
 Cui etiani unctecenni 
 
4 T'ke Antiquities 
 
 Subvenerat Memoria Confanguineorum 
 Montrcfs, Bundle, & Prefim 
 Cui, fi fmgulis immatura mors peperceiat 
 Omnes in uno videramus. 
 Natus Feb. 14, 1692-3. 
 Obijt Sept. 14, 17c jr. 
 
 la Englijh thus : 
 
 Near this Place lie interred,, 
 Two moft innocent Brethren ; 
 The one Richard, : 
 gWtft Son of William Graham, S. T. P, 
 Prebendary of this Church, 
 Formerly Dean of Carli/Ie, 
 Now Dean of Wells, 
 And of Nary, his dearly beloved Wife. 
 He was born Jug. 30, and died Dec* 22, 1689* 
 The other George, his third Son, 
 Whom his Mother brought forth at the third Birth : 
 He was amiable, docile, and ingenious. 
 Providence had formed him both in Body 
 And Mind like his Anceftors : 
 In him were remembered 
 Eleven of his Kindred 
 Of the Montrojfes, Dundees, and Prejlonsi 
 And in him, if Death had fpared them, 
 We had feen them all as one. 
 He was born February 14, 1692-3. 
 And died September 14, 1705. 
 
 Betwixt the two lafl Altars lieth buried Anthony 
 Beek, Bifhop of Durham, and Patriarch of Jerufalem, 
 in a fair Marble Tomb, underneath a large Marble 
 Stone, being the firft Bilhop that ever attempted to 
 lie fo near the facred Shrine of St. Cuthbert, the Wall 
 being broken at the End of the Alley, for bringing 
 him in with his Coffin. 
 
 AH 
 
Dun ii a m A b b e y, 
 
 All the aforefaid nine Altars had their fevcral Skreens 
 and Covers of Wainfcot over Head, in very decent 
 and comely Form ; having likewife between every Al- 
 tar a very fair and large Partition of Wainfcot, all 
 varnithed over with fine Branches and Flowers, and 
 other imagery Work, moft finely and artificially pic- 
 tured and gilded ; containing the feveral Lockers and 
 Ambryes for the fafe keeping of the Veftments and 
 Ornaments belonging to every Altar ; with three cr 
 four little Ambryes in the Wat!, pertaining to fome of 
 the faid Altars, for the fame Ufe and Purpofe. 
 
 There is in the Eaji End of the faid Church, a 
 goodly, fair, round Window, called 'St. Catharines 
 Window, the Breadth of the Quire, all of Stone, . 
 very finely and curiouQy wrought and glazed ; having. 
 In it twenty-four Lights very artificially made, as it is 
 called Geometrical; and the Picture of St. Catharine 
 is let in .Giafs on the.right Side, underneath -the £ ii 1 
 Window, in another glazed Window, as (lie was fit 
 upon the Wheel to be tormented to Death ; which 
 Wheel did burft in Pieces, and caught the Turners 
 of it, . and with the Pikes thereof rent them all to. 
 Pieces, St. Catharine being fafe .herfelf, by the Provi- 
 dence of Almighty God. 
 
 And in the laid Window there was a Frame of 
 Iron, whereon flood nine very fine Creffets of Earthen 
 Metal filled with . Tallow, which every Night were 
 lighted when the Day was gone, to give Light to the* 
 Nine Altars, and St. Cuthberfs Feretory, in that Parr, 
 and over ail the Church befides, and burned till 
 Day-break. 
 
 Jn the Swth Alley End of the Nine Altars, there U 
 a goodly, fair, great, glazed Window, which hath 
 in it .the. whole. Hiftory, Life and -Miracles of that 
 holy Man SjtJ Cut Bert, from his Birth and Infancy, 
 wnto the End ; ad<3 the Difcourfe of his holy Life mar ^ 
 
6 T7je A n t i q, u i t i e s 
 
 vcloufiy fine, and curioufly let forth in Pidtures, in 
 fine coloured Glafs, according as he went in his Habit 
 to his dying Day ; being molt goodly and fine to be- 
 hold of that holy Man St, Cuthbert. 
 
 Alfo in the North Alley End of the faid Nine Altars,, 
 there is another goodly, fak*, great Glafs Window,, 
 called Jofepfrs Window, having in it all the whole 
 Story or Jofiph, moft artificially wrought m Pictures, 
 10 fine coloured Glafs, as it is related m the Holy 
 Bible. 
 
 Sf+ CuthbertV- Feretory. 
 
 Next to thefe Nine Altars, was the goodly Monu- 
 ment of St. Ciithhert, adjoining to the Quire, having 
 the High Altar on the Weft, and reaching towards the 
 Nine Altars on the Eaft, and towards the North and 
 South, containing the Breadth of the Quire in Qua- 
 drant Form ; in the Midft whereof, his facred Shrine 
 was exalted with moft curious Workmanlhip, of fine 
 and coftly green Marble, all limned and gilt with Gold ; 
 having four Seats* or Places convenient underneath the 
 Shrine, for the Pilgrims or lame Men, fitting on their 
 Knees to lean and reft on, in the Time of their de* 
 vout Offerings and fervent Prayers to^ God and holy 
 St Cuthbert, for his miraculous Relief and Succour ; 
 which being never wanting, made the Shriae to be fo» 
 tichly invefted, that it was efteemed to be one of the 
 moft fumptuous. Monuments in alt England, fo great 
 iwere- the Offerings and Jewels beftowed upon it ; and 
 ao Ids the Miracles that were done by it, even in thefe 
 fetter Days, as is more apparent ia the Hiftory of the 
 Church at large. 
 
 At the Weft End of this Shrine of St. Cuthbert was 
 a iitde Altar adjoining to it for Mafs to be faid on, 
 oly upon the great and holy Feaft of St. CuMert y s 
 
 Day 
 
^Durham A b » i y. 7 
 
 Day in Lent : At which Solemnity the Prior and the 
 whole Convent did keep open Houfhold in the Frater- 
 houfe, and dined all together on that Day, and on no> 
 Day elfe in the Year: And at this Feaft, and certain 
 other Feftival Days, in Time of Divine Ser vice, they 
 were accuftomed to draw up the Cover of St. Cuth- 
 berfs Shrine, being of Wainfcot, wherennto was fatt- 
 ened unto every Corner of the faid Cover to a Loop 
 of Iron, a very ftrong Cord, which Cords were all 
 fattened together at the End, over the Midft of the 
 Cover, and a ttrong Rope was fattened unto the Loops 
 or Binding of the faid Cords ; which Rope did run 
 up and down in a Pulley under the Vault, over St.. 
 Cuthberfs Feretory, for the drawing up of the Cover 
 of St. Cuthberfs Shrine ; and the laid Rope was fatt- 
 ened unto a Loop of Iron, to the North Pillar of the 
 Feretory, having fix very fine founding Silver Bells 
 faften'd to the faid Rope; which, at the drawing up 
 of the Cover, made fuch a goodly Sound that it ftirred 
 all the People's Hearts that were within the Church to 
 repair unto it, and to make their Prayers to God, and 
 that holy Man St. Cnthbert ; and that the Beholders 
 might fee the Glory and Ornaments thereof. Alia 
 the faid Cover had at every Corner, two Hoops of 
 Iron, made faft to every Corner of the faid Cover r 
 which did run up and down on four round Staves of 
 Iron, when it was drawing, which were made faft in 
 every Corner of the Marble Stone that St. Cuthberfs 
 Coffin did lie upon ; which faid Cover on the Outfide 
 was very finely and artificially gilded. Aad alfo oa 
 either fide of the faid Cover were paiated four lively 
 Images, curioufly wrought, and miraculous to all Be- 
 holders thereof. And on the Eaft End was painted 
 the Pifture of our Saviour fitting on the Rainbow 
 to give Judgment, very artificially and lively to be- 
 hold ; and on the Weft End of the faid Cover was the 
 
 Pifture 
 
S "The Antiquities 
 
 Picture of our Lady, and the Pifture of Chrift on hm 
 Knee ; and on the Height of the laid Cover from End 
 to End was a moil fine Brattifhing of carved Work, 
 cut throughout with Dragons, Fowls, and Beafts, moil 
 artificially wrought and fet forth to the Beholders 
 thereof ; and the Iniide of the faid Cover was all var- 
 nulled and coloured with amoft. fine, fanguine Colour, 
 that the Beholders might fee all the. Glory and Orna- 
 ments thereof ; and at evejy Corner of the faid Cover 
 there was a Lock to lock it down, from opening and . 
 drawing it up. 
 
 Alio within the faid Feretory, both on the North 
 Side and the South, there were Almeries of Wainfcot, 
 varnifhed and finely painted, and gilt over* with J fine 
 little Images, very fecmly and beautiful to behold* 
 for the Reliques belonging to St. Cuthbert to lie in ; 
 and within the faid Almeries did lie all the holy Re- 
 liques that were offered to that holy Man St. Cuthbert % 
 and when his Shrine was drawn, the faid Almeries 
 were opened,, that every Man that came thijjier.at that: 
 Time might fee the holy Reliques therein ; fo that the. 
 ccflly Reliques and Jewels that were in the faid Alme- 
 ries, and all the other Reliques that hung about withia 
 the faid Feretory upon the Irons, were accounted the 
 moil: fumptuous and richefl Jewels in all this Land ; 
 with the Beautifulnefs of th'e fine little Images* that 
 flood in the Trench Pierre, within the faid Fere- 
 tory ; for great were the Gifts and godly Devotion of 
 Kings, Queens, and other EfUtes, at that Time, to-! 
 wards God and holy St. Cuthbert in this Church, 
 
 Within this Feretory of St. Cuthbert we re ..many fine 
 little Pictures of feveral Saints, of imagery Work, all 
 being of Alahafter, fet in the Trchch Pierre in their 
 feveral Places, the Pictures being curioufly engraved 
 and gilt; and the NeviVs Crofs and Bull's Head fet 
 upon the Height 5 and on either Side of the two Doors 
 
^Durham Abbey. 9 
 
 in the French Pierre, and alfo in divers other Places 
 of the French Pierre befides ; which Feretory and 
 French Pierre, were made at the Charges of John 
 Lord Nevil, as may appear more at large in the Hif- 
 tory of the Church. 
 
 At the Eqfl End of St. Cuthberfs Feretory were 
 wrought upon the Height of the Irons towards the 
 Nine Altars, very fine Candleflics of Iron, like unto 
 Sockets, which had Lights fet in them before Day, 
 that every Monk might have the more Light to fee to 
 read oh their Books at the faid Nine Altars, when 
 they laid Mafs ; and alfo to give Light to all others that 
 came thither to hear and fee Divine Service. 
 
 The King of Scot's Ancient and his Banner, with 
 divers other Noblemen's Ancients, were all brought to 
 St. Cnthbert's Feretory ; and there the faid Lord Nevil 
 made his Petition to God and that holy Man St, 
 Cuthbert ; and offered the Jewels and Banners to the 
 Shrine of that holy and blefled Man St. Cuthbert, 
 within the Feretory; and there the faid Banners and 
 Ancients flood and hung till the Suppreffion of the 
 Houle. The Lord Nevils Banner Staff was all wry- 
 then about with Iron, from the Midft upward, and 
 flood and was bound to the Irons on the North 
 End of the Feretory : And the King of Scot's Banner 
 was bound to the Midft of the laid Irons, and 
 hung over the Midft of the Alley of the Nine Altars, 
 and faftened with a Cord to a Loop of Iron, being 
 in a Pillar under St. Catharine's Window, in the Eaft 
 End of the Church 5 and a little after the Suppreffion 
 of the Houfe, they were all taken down, fpoiled and 
 defaced, that the Memory thereof fhould be clean 
 taken away, being both a great Honour to the Realm, 
 £nd a decent Ornament unto the Church. 
 
 The 
 
10 
 
 The A N T I Q] U I T I E s 
 
 The SiUIRE. 
 
 In the Eajl End of the Quire, joining upon $ti 
 Cuthberfs Feretory, flood the High Altar, the goad- 
 Heft in all the Church ; being a very rich Thin?, with 
 many precious and coftly Ornaments appertaining to- 
 rt, as well for every principal Day, as for every of 
 cur Lady's Days.. Betwixt the faid High Altar and 
 St. CuthbcrVs Feretory, was all of French Pierre curi- 
 ouily wrought, both on the Outfide and the Inllde, 
 with fair Images of Akbafter, and gilt ; being called 
 in the ancient Hiftory,. the Lardcafe. The faid curi- 
 ous W orkmanfhip of French Pierre or Lardofe, reach- 
 ing m Height almoft to the middle Vault, and con- 
 taining the Breadth of the Quire in Length.. In the 
 Midft whereof, right over the High Altar, were arti- 
 ficially placed,, in very fine Alabafter, the Pifture of 
 our Lady ftanding in the Midft, and the Pidhire of 
 St. Cnthbert on one Side, and the Pifture of St; Ofwa/cl- 
 on the other, all richly gilt. And at ekher End of 
 this Altar was a Wand of Iron fattened in the Wall, 
 whereon hung Curtains or Hangings of white Silk 
 daily. The daily Ornaments that were hung both 
 before the Altar and above, were of red Velvet, with 
 great Flowers of Gold, in embroider'd Work, with 
 many Pictures befides very finely gilt : But the Orna- 
 ments for the principal Feaft, the Aflumption of our 
 Lady, were all of white Damafk, befet with Pearls 
 and precious Stones, which made the Ornaments more 
 glorious to behold. 
 
 Within the laid Quire, over the High Altar 
 hung a rich and moil fumptuous Canopy, for the 
 bleffed. Sacrament to hang within it, which had two* 
 Irons faiten'd in the French Pierre, very finely gilt ; 
 which held the Canopy over the Midft of the faid High 
 
 Altar- 
 
$/ D V R 11 A M A B B E Y« II 
 
 Altar that the Pix hung in, that it could not move 
 nor ftir; whereon flood a Pelican all of Silver, 
 upon the Height of the hid Canopy, very finely gilt, 
 giving her Blood to her young Ones, in Token that 
 Chrift gave his Blood for the Sins of the World ; 
 and it was goodly to behold for the bleflTed Sacrament 
 to hang in. And the Pix wherein the blefled Sa- 
 crament hung, was of moft pure Gold, curioufly 
 wrought of Goldfmitrrs Work ; and the white Cloth 
 -that hung over the Pix was of very fine Lawn, all 
 embroidered and wrought about with Gold and red 
 Silk ; and four great round Knobs of Gold curiouOy 
 wrought, with great TafTels of Gold and red Silk 
 hung at them, and the four Corners of the white 
 Lawn Cloth ; and the Crook that hung within the 
 Cloth, that the Pix hung upon, was of Gold ; and 
 the Cord that drew it up and down was made of 
 fine ftrong white Silk. And when the Monks went 
 <o fay or fing high Mafs, they put on their Veftments 
 in the Reveftry, and both the Epiftler and Gofpeller 
 were always revefted in the fame Place : And when 
 the Office of the Mafs began to be fung the Epi flier 
 came forth of the Reveftry, and the other two Monks 
 following him, all three in a Row at the South Quire 
 Door, and there flood till the Gloria Patri or the 
 Office of the Mafs began to be fung ; and then with 
 great Reverence and Devotion, they went all up to 
 the Altar ; and one of the Vergers that kept the Re- 
 veftry did go before them, with a large Tip-ftaff in 
 his Hand, as it was his Office fo to do, bowing them- 
 felves moft reverently to the blefled Sacrament of 
 the Altar ; the one on the one Side of him that 
 faid Mafs, and the other on the other. Alfo the Gof • 
 peller carried a marvellous fair Book, which had 
 the Epiftles and Gofpels in it, and layed it on the 
 Altar ; which Book had on the Outfide of the Cover- 
 ing, 
 
r 2 *the Antiquities 
 
 ing, the Pifture of our Saviour Chrift, all of Silver, 
 of Goldfmith's Work, all Parcel-gilt, very fine to be- 
 hold ; which Book did feive for the Pax in the Mais, 
 The Epiftler, when he had jung the Epiftle, did lay 
 the Book again upon the Altar ; and afterwards when 
 the Golpel was fung, the Gofpeller did lay it down 
 upon the Altar likewife, until the Mafs was done : 
 Mafs being ended, they went all three into the Re- 
 veftry from whence they came, and carried the Book- 
 with them ; and one of the Vergers meeting them at 
 the South Quire Door, after the fame Manner they 
 came, and went before them into the Reveftry. 
 
 Alio there was pertaining to the High Altar two 
 goodly Chalices, one was of Gold, the other of Silver* 
 double gilt, and the Foot of it fet full of precious 
 Stones ; that of Gold was for principal Days, and the 
 other was to ferve every Day : Likewife there was 
 pertaining to the faid High Altar, two goodly great 
 Bafons of Silver, one for principal Days, double gilt, 
 a large great one ; and the other Bafon for every Day, 
 not lb large, being Parcel-gilt, and engraven all over ; 
 and two great Crewets of Silver, containing a Quart 
 a-piece, Parcel- gilt, and engraven all over; and two 
 lefler Crewets for every Day, all of Silver ; one Pair 
 of Silver Cenfers for every Day, and two Pair of 
 Silver Cenfers for every double Feaft, double gilt ; 
 and two Pair of Silver Cenfers, Parcel-gilt, and the 
 -Chains alfo for every principal Day ; and with two 
 Ships of Silver, Parcel-gilt, for principal Days ; 
 and other two of Silver, ungilt, for every Day, to 
 carry Frankincenfe in ; and two Silver Candleftics, 
 double gilt, for two Tapers, very finely wrought, 
 of three Quarters Height, to be taken in funder with 
 Wrefts ; and other two Silver Candleftics, for every 
 Day's Service, Parcel-gilt ; with goodly, rich, and 
 fumptuous Furniture for every Feftival Day, of change- 
 able 
 
^Durham Abbey. 13 
 
 able Suits. Divers of the Veftments were fet round 
 about with Pearls, both Stoles and Flannels. There 
 were alio other very rich Jewels and Ornaments per- 
 taining to the laid High Altar, 
 
 There were alio two CrofTes to be born, on prin- 
 cipal Days for Proceffion ; one of Gold, and the 
 Staff it flood in was of Silver, of Goldfmith's Work, 
 very curioufly and finely wrought, and double gilt. 
 The other Crofe was of Silver, double gilt, and the 
 -Staff was of Wood, of the fame Workmanfhip, and 
 double gilt. Alio there was another Crofs of Chryftal 
 that ferved for every Day in the Week. There was 
 born before the Crofs every principal Day, a Holy 
 Water Font, of Silver, very finely engraved, and 
 Parcel-gilt, which one of the Novices carried. 
 
 In the North Side of the Quire there is an Almery 
 nigh to the High Altar, fattened in the Wall, to lay 
 any Thing in, pertaining to the High Altar, 
 
 There is likewife another Almery in the South Side 
 of the Quire, nigh the High Altar, inclofed in the 
 Wall, to fet the Chalices, Bafons, and the Crewets 
 in, that they miniftered with at the High Altar, with 
 Locks and Keys for the faid Almeries. 
 
 At the North End of the High Altar there was a 
 very fine Lettern of Brafs, where they fling the 
 Epiftle and the Gofpel, with a great Pelican on the 
 Height of it, finely gilt, billing the Blood out of her 
 Breaff to feed her young ones, and her Wings fpread 
 abroad, whereon lay the Book, in which they 
 Jung the Epiftle and Gofpel; it was thought to be 
 the fineft Lettern of Brafs in this Country. It 
 was all to be taken afunder with Wrefh, every Joint 
 from the other. 
 
 Alfo there was lower down in the Quire another 
 Lettern of Brafs, not fo curioufly wrought, f landing 
 in the Midft againft the Stalls, a very beautiful one, 
 
 C with 
 
The Ant io v uitik s 
 
 with an Eagle on the Height of it, and her Wings 
 Ipread abroad, whereon the Monks laid their Books 
 when they fung their Legends, at Mattins, or other 
 Times of Service. 
 
 Before the High /Altar within the Quire above-men- 
 tioned, were three fine Silver Bafins hanging in 
 Chains of Silver, one on the South Side of the 
 <)uire, abo\ e the Steps going up to the High Altar; 
 the fecond on the Aorth Side, oppofite to the firlr ; 
 the third in the Midft between them both, juft before 
 the High Altar. Thefe three Silver Bafons had Lat- 
 ten Bafons within them, having Pricks for Serges or 
 great waxen Candles to (land on ; the Latten Bafons 
 being to receive the Drops of the three Candles, which 
 burned Day and Night, in Token that the Houie 
 was always watching to God. 
 
 There was alio another Silver Bafon hanging in 
 Silver Chains before the Sacrament of the aforeiaid 
 High Altar, but nearer to the faid Altars than the 
 others, hanging almoft over the Prieft's Back, which 
 was only lighted in Time of Mais, and that ended, 
 extinguiflied. 
 
 Alio there was a handfome Monument belonging to 
 the Church, called the Paichal, which nfed to be 
 fet up in the Quire, and there to remain from the 
 Thurjday called Mannday Thirfdny before Eafrer, till 
 the Wednejday after dfcenfion-day . It flood upon 
 a four-fquare thick Plank of Wood, againft the firft 
 Grees or Step, behind the three Bafons of Silver 
 thrt hung before the High Altar : In the Midft of the 
 {aid Grees is a Niche, wherein one of the Corners of 
 the faid Plank was placed ; and at every Corner of the 
 laid Plank was an Iron Ring, whereunto the Feet of 
 the Pafchal were adjoined, rcprefenting the Pictures 
 of the four flying Dragons ; as alio the Pictures of the 
 Jcmr Eyangelifts. above the Top of the Dragons, nn* 
 
of Durham Abbey. 15 
 
 dei neath the nethermoft Bofs, all fupporting the whole 
 Paichal ; and the four Quarters have been four Chry- 
 ftal Stones, as appear by the Holes : And on every 
 Side of the four Dragons there is curious antique W ork, 
 as Beafts, Men upon Horfeback, with Bucklers, Bows, 
 and Shafts, and Knots, with broad Leaves fpread 
 upon the Knots, very finely wrought, all being of the 
 foteft and moll curious Candlellic Metal, or La t ten 
 Metal, glittering like Gold, having iix Candleftics or 
 Flowers of CandlefVic Metal coining from it, three 
 on either Side, whereon flood in every of the faid 
 Flowers or Candleftics, a Taper of Wax: /\nd on 
 the Height of the faid Candleflic or Paichal of Lat- 
 ten, was a large pretty Flower, being the principal 
 Flower, which was the fevetith Candleltic. The 
 Paichal in Latitude contained almoft the Breadth of 
 the Quire, in Longitude it extended to the Height 
 of the lower Vault, whereon ltood a long Piece of 
 Wood reaching within a Man's Length to the upper- 
 moft Vault or Roof of the Church, upon which flood a 
 great, long iquared Taper of Wax, called the Pafchal; 
 having a fine Convenience through the laid Roof of 
 the Church to light the Taper. In Conclufion the 
 Paichal was efteemed to be one of the rarefl Mo- 
 numents in England. 
 
 The PJSS10N. 
 
 Within the Church of Durham, upon Good Friday, 
 there was a molt folemn Service ; in which Service 
 Time, after the Paffion was fung, two of the elde'ft 
 Monks took a large beautiful Crucifix, all of Gold, of 
 th^ Picture of our Saviour Chrift nailed upon the Crois, 
 laying it upon a Velvet Cumion, having St. Cutl&rfs 
 Arms upon it, all embroidered with Gold, bringing 
 it betwixt them upon the laid Cufhion, to , the lowelf 
 Steps in the Quire, and there betwixt 5 them, held 
 Cz the 
 
The A N T I Q_ U 1 T I E $ 
 
 the faid Piclnre of onr Saviour, fitting en either Side 
 of it. And there one of the raid Monks rcfe and 
 went a pretty Space from it, fitting down upon his 
 Knees, with his Shoes put off, very reverently 
 crept upon his Knees unto the faid Crofs, and moil 
 reverently kilt it ; and after him the other Monk 
 did fo likewife; and they fat down on either Side of 
 the laid Crofs, holding it betwixt them ; after that 
 the Prior came out of his Stall, and fit down 
 opon his Knees with bis Shoes off : And in like Man- 
 ner crept unto the laid Crofs, and all the Monks after 
 feioi, one after another in the fame Order; in the 
 mean Time the whole Quire finging a Hymn. The 
 Service being ended, the ftid two Monks carried the 
 Crofs to the Sepulchre with great Reverence; (which 
 was let up that Morning on the North Side of the 
 Qiiire, nigh unto the High Altar, before the Service 
 Time) and there laid it in the faid Sepulchre with 
 great Devotion, with another Picture of our Saviour 
 Chrifr, in whofe Brcaft they inclofed with great 
 Reverence, the moft holy and bieffed Sacrament of 
 the Altar, cenfmg and praying to it upon their Knees 
 a great Space; fetting two Tapers lighted before it, 
 which burned till Eqfter Day in the Morning that 
 it was taken forth. 
 
 The RESURRECTIO N. 
 
 There was in the Church of Durham, very folemn 
 Service upon Eqfter Day, between Three and Four 
 o'Clock in the Morning, in Honour of the Re- 
 furrecftion, where two of the eldeit Monks of the Quire 
 came to the Sepulchre fet up on Good Friday, after 
 the PafTion, all covered with red Velvet, and em- 
 broidered with Gold, and then cenfed it, each 
 Monk with a Pair of Silver Cenfers, fitting on their 
 Knees before the. Sepulchre. Then they both rifing 
 
 came 
 
^Durham Abbey, 17 
 
 came to the Sepulchre, out of which, with great Reve- 
 rence, they took an ex trenie beautiful Image of our Savr- 
 our, reprelenting the RefurrecHon, with a Crofs in his 
 Hand, in the Bread whereof was incloled in the 
 brighteft Chryftal, the Holy Sacrament of the Altar ; 
 through which Chryftal the blefTed Hoft was confpicuous 
 to the Beholders. Then after the Elevation of the 
 laid Picture, carried by the faid two Monks upon a 
 Velvet Culhion all embroidered, finging the Anthem 
 of Chrijlus Refurgens, they brought it to the High Al- 
 tar, iett'mg it on the Midft thereof, the two Monks 
 kneeling before the Altar, and cenling it all the /rime 
 that the Reft of the Quire were finging the afore- 
 fakl Anthem of Chrijlus Refurgens ; which Anthem 
 being ended, the two Monks took up the Cufliion and 
 the Picture from the Altar, fupporting it betwixt 
 them, and proceeding in Proceflion from the High 
 Altar to the South Quire Door, where there were four 
 Ancient Gentlemen, belongiug to the Prior, appointed 
 to attend their Coming, holding up a very rich Ca- 
 nopy ot Purple Velvet, tailed round about with red 
 Silk, and a Gold Fringe, and at every Corner of the 
 Canopy ftool one of thefe Ancient Gentlemen t6 
 bear it over the faid Image, with the holy Sacrament 
 carried by the two Monks round about the Church, 
 the whole Quire waiting" upon it with Torches and 
 a great Number of other Lights, all linging, rejoicing, 
 and praying to God . mod devoutly, till they rettii nd& 
 to the High Altar, whereon they placid the • laid 
 Image, there to remain till Jfccnfio-n Day.- i • 
 
 Ludovkut dc Bella Mente; Riihop of Durham,' lick 
 buried before the High Altar in the Quire, under a 
 moil curiuuc and fumptuous Marble Stone,, which he 
 prepared for himfelf before he died; being adorned 
 with mofl excellent Workman/hip of Brafs, whereon 
 he was maft excellently and lively pictured, as he was 
 
 C 3 ac- 
 
1 8 The Antiquities 
 
 accuftomed to fi ng or fay Mafs, with his Mitre or* 
 bis Head, and his Crofier Staff in his Hand, with 
 two Angels finely pictured, one on the one Side 
 of his Head, and the other on the other Side, 
 with Cenfers in their Hands cenfing him; and con- 
 taining alfo moft exquifire Pictures and Images of the 
 twelve Apoftles, divided and bordered on either Side 
 of him ; and next them are bordered on each Side of 
 the twelve Apoftles, in another Border, the Pictures 
 ©f his Anceftors, in their Coats of Arms, being of the 
 Blood Royal of France, he had a white Lion placed 
 upon the Breaft of his Veftmenr, underneath the Ver- 
 les of his Breaft, with Flower-de-luces about the Lion ; 
 and two Lions pictured, one under one Foot of him, 
 and the other under his other Foot, fupporting and 
 holding up his Crofier Staff, his Feet adjoining and 
 ilanding upon the faid Lions ; and two other Lions 
 beneath them, in the nethermoff. Border of all, being 
 very artificially wrought in Brafs, elegantly beauti- 
 fying the faid Through of Marble, whereon was 
 engraved in Brafs, fuch Divine Sayings of Scripture,, 
 which he had peculiarly felefted for his fpiritual Con- 
 folation, at fuch Time as it fhould pleafe God to 
 call him out of this Mortality ; as thefe following : 
 
 EPITAPHIUM. 
 
 , In Gallia natus, 
 
 De Bellamonte, jacet hie Ludovicus humatus, 
 Nobilis ex fonte Regum, cornitumque creams, 
 Praeful in hac fede Cadi laetetur in ade. 
 Praeteriens fifte, memorans quantus fuit ifte, 
 Caelo quam dignus, juftus, pius, atque benignus ! 
 Dapfilis, ac hilaris, inimicus femper avaris. 
 
 Super Caput. 
 
 Credo quod Redemptor meus vivit, qui in noviffimo 
 die me refufcitabit ad vitam seternam ; & in carne 
 mea videbo Deurn, falvatorem roeum* In 
 
^Durham Abbey. 19 
 
 In Pe&ore. 
 Repofita eft haec fpes mea, in finu meo. 
 
 Domine, miferere mei. 
 
 Ad dextram. 
 Confors fit fandtis Ludovkus in arce Tonantis. 
 
 Ad finiftram. 
 Spiritus ad Chriftum, qui fanguine liberat iftum. 
 
 In EngHJlj thus : 
 
 Here lieth interred, 
 Lewis de BellomonU, born in France 
 And defcended from an illuftrious Race of Kings and 
 Counts. 
 
 He was BLihop of this See, and is now happy in Heaven ; 
 Stop, Traveller, and recolleft how great a Man he was ; 
 How worthy of Heaven, how juft, pious, and benign ! 
 How hofpitable and cbearful, hating. Covetoufnefs. 
 
 Above his Head : 
 I know that my Redeemer liveth, and that he will 
 raife me up at the laft Day to Life eternal, and that 
 in my Flefh I fhall fee God, my Saviour. 
 
 Upon his Breafl : 
 My Hope is in my Heart, 
 Lord have Mercy upon me. 
 
 On the right Hand : 
 May Lewis be Companion of the Saints in Heaved. 
 
 On the left Hand : 
 I commend my Soul to Chrift, who redeemed it 
 with his Blood. 
 
 The ORGANS. 
 
 There Vere three Pair of Organs belonging to the 
 faid Quire, for Maintenance of God's Service, and 
 the better celebrating thereof. One of the grandeic of 
 the three flood over the Quire Door, only opened and 
 played upon on principal Feafls, the Pipes being all 
 
2 *The Ant ipniES 
 
 of the fineft Wood, and Workmanfhip, partly gilt 
 upon the Infide, and the Outiide of the Leaves and 
 Cover up to the Top, with Branches and Flowers, 
 finely gilt, with the Name of Jefus gilt with Gold. 
 There were but two Fair more of them in England 
 of the lame Make ; one Pair in York, and another in 
 St. Paul's. 
 
 Alfo there was a Letterne of Wood, like unto a 
 Pulpit, Handing and adjoining to the Wood Organs, 
 over the Quire Door, where they ufed to flag 
 the nine Leflbns in the old Time on principal Days y 
 franding with their Faces towards the High Altar. 
 
 The fecond Pair flood on the North Side of the 
 Quire, being never played upon, but when the four : 
 Doctors of the Church were read, viz. Jugtijline, 
 Ambrofe, Gregory, and Jerome, being a Pair of fair 
 large Organs, called the Cryers. 
 
 The third Pair were daily ufed at ordinary Service, 
 
 There lay on the High Altar, an excellent fine 
 Book, very richly covered with Gold and Silver, con- 
 taining the Names of all the Benefactors to St. Cuth- 
 kerfs Church, from the firft original Foundation 
 thereof: The Letters of the Book being for the 
 mofl Part gilt, as is apparent in the laid Book. 
 The laying that Book on the High Altar, lhewed 
 how highly they efteemed their Founders and Bene?- 
 factors; and the daily and quotidian Remembrance 
 they had of them, in the Time of Mafs and Divine 
 Service, argued not only their Gratitude,, but alfo 
 a moft divine and charitable Affection to the Souls of 
 their Benefactors, as well dead as living ; which Book 
 is as yet extant, declaring the laid Ufe m the Infcrip- 
 tion thereof. 
 
 There is alfo another famous Book as yet extant,, 
 containing the R.eliques, Jewels, Ornaments,, and 
 Veftments that were gwen to the Church by. all thole 
 
 Founders* 
 
^Durham Abbey. 21 
 
 Founders, for the further adorning of God's Service, 
 whofe Names were on Record in the fakl Book that 
 lay upon the High Altar ; as alfo they are recorded 
 in this Book of the aforefaid Reiiques and Jewels, to 
 the everlafting Praife and Memory of the Givers aad 
 Benefactors thereof. 
 
 The North Alley of the Quire. 
 
 At the Eqft End of the North Alley of the Quire, 
 betwixt two Pillars oppofife one to the other, was 
 the grandeft Porch, called the Anchorage ; having 
 in it a very elegant Raid, with the mod exquifite 
 Piclures of Mary and John, with an Altar for a Monk 
 to fay daily Mais, being in ancient Times inhabited 
 by an Anchorite, whe-reunto the Priors very much 
 reforted, both for the Excellency of the Place, 
 as alio to hear the Mafs, {landing fo conveniently unto 
 the High Altar, and withal fo near a Neighbour xo> 
 the {acred Shrine of St Cuthbert, whereunto the Priors 
 were moll devoutly addicted. The Entrance to this 
 Porch or Anchorage was up a good Pair of Stairs adjoin- 
 ing to the North Door of St. Cuthberf s Feretory, under 
 which Stairs the Pafchal did lie, and in the Time of 
 Lent, the Children of the Almery were enjoined to 
 come thither daily, to drefs, trim, and make it bright 
 againft the Pafchal Feaft. 
 
 In this North Alley of the Quire, betwixt two Pil- 
 lars on the South Side, before St. Blafes Altar, after- 
 wards called SkirLnvs Altar, lies buried, Walter 
 Skirlaw, Bifliop of Durham, under a fair Marble 
 Stone, very mmptuoiifly befet with muny brazen I- 
 mages, having his own Image moft artificially por- 
 tray'dan Brafs in the Mid ft: thereof, with this Saying 
 engraven upon his Bread, Credo quod Redemptor mens 
 vivit, 6* in die novijjimo de terra fur reft urns fum, 6* 
 in came mea videbo Deum, Salvatoremmeum. — In Eh?- 
 
 m 
 
22 
 
 The Antiquities 
 
 lifb thus : / know that my Redeemer liveth, and that 
 he ivill raife me up at the laji Day, and that in my 
 Flejh I J hall fee God, my Saviour. 
 
 Right over the Entrance of this North Alley, going 
 to the Song School, which was heretofore the Sacrifts 
 Exchequer, there was a Porch adjoining to the Quire 
 on the South, and St. Benedicts Altar on the North ; 
 the Porch having in it an Altar, and the Rood or 
 Picture of our Saviour, much in Devotion of Dr. 
 Swalwell, foinetime Monk of Durham : The faid Rood 
 having fumptuous Furniture for the Feftival Days be- 
 longing to it. 
 
 The South Alley of the ghtire. 
 
 At the Eafl End of the South Alley of the Quire* 
 adjoining to the Pillar next St. Cuthberfs Feretory, 
 next the South Quire Door, oppoiite to the aforeiaid 
 Porch in the North Alley, was a beautiful Rood or 
 Picture of our Saviour, called the Black Rood of Scot- 
 land, with the Pictures of Mary and John brought out 
 of Holy-rood Houfe, in Scotland, by King David Bruce, 
 and won at the Battle of Durham, with the Picture 
 of our Lady on the one Side of our Saviour, and St. 
 John on the other Side ; which Rood and Pictures 
 were all three very richly wrought in Silver, and were 
 all fmoaked black over, being large Pictures of a Yard 
 or five Quarters long, and on every one of their Heads, 
 a Crown of pure beaten Gold, of GoldfmitrTs Work ; 
 with a Device to take them off and to put them on.' 
 And on the Backfide of the faid Rood and Pictures, 
 there was a Piece of Work that they were faftened 
 unto, - all adorned with Wainfcot Work, and curious 
 Painting, well befitting Inch coftly Pictures, from the 
 Midft of the Pillar up to the Height of the Vault; 
 which Wainfcot was all Red, varnimed over very 
 finely, and all fet full of Stars of Lead, well gilt over 
 
^Durham Abbey. 23 
 
 with Cold. And alfo the faid Rood and Pictures had 
 every one of them an Iron fixed in the back Part of 
 the laid Images, and a Hole in that Part of the Irons 
 that went through the Wainfcot, to put a Pin of Iron 
 into, to make them fail: to the Wainfcot. 
 
 Thomas Hatfield, Bifhop of Durham, lies buried 
 over againft the Reveltry Door, in the South Alley of 
 the Quire, betwixt two Pillars, under the Bifhop's 
 Throne, which he made before he died : His Tomb 
 being all of Alabafter, whereunto was adjoined 
 a little Altar, which he prepared for a Monk to fay 
 Mais for his Soul after his Death ; the Altar being en- 
 vironed with an Iron Grate. 
 
 Within this South Alley of the Quire was the Re- 
 veltry, where the Bifhop, or his Suffragan had a pe- 
 culiar Altar, and ufed to fay Mafs only at fuch Times 
 as they were to confecrate Priefts, or give any holy 
 Orders. 
 
 The Crofs Alley of the Lanthorn Infer c the Quire Door, 
 going North and South. 
 
 In the former Part of the Quire, on cither Side the 
 Weft Door, or chief Entrance thereof, without the 
 Quire Door in the Lanthorn, were placed, in their 
 feveral Rooms, one above another, the moft excellent 
 Pictures, all gilt, and extremely beautiful, of the 
 Kings and Queens," as well of Scotland as England, 
 who were devout and godly Founders and Benefactors 
 of this famous Church, and facred Monuments of St. 
 Cuthbcrt, to incite their Poilerity to the like religious 
 Endeavour?, in their feveral Succeflions and King- 
 doms ; whole Names follow : 
 
 Edgar, King of Scotland. 
 Catharine, Queen of England. 
 David Bruce, King of Scotland. 
 
 Rich&rd 
 
The Antiquities 
 
 Richard II. King of England. 
 Alexander. King of Scotland. 
 Henry IV. King of England. 
 Richard II. King of England. 
 Jllexander, King of Scotland. 
 MatUda\ Queen of England. 
 
 David, King of Scotland. 
 Edward III. King of England. 
 Henry II. King of England. 
 Edward I. King of England. 
 Henry V. King of England. 
 Alexander, King of Scotland. 
 Sybil, Queen of Scotland. 
 William Rufus, King of England. 
 Richard III. King of England. 
 Wilham the Conqueror, King of England. 
 Harold, King of England. 
 John, King of England. 
 Edward II. King of England. 
 Ethel/Ion, King of England. 
 Stephen, King of England. 
 Matdda, Queen of England. 
 
 Canute, King of England. 
 Malcomb, King of Scotland. 
 Duncan, King of Scotland. 
 Henry III. King of E?igland. 
 Eleanor, Queen of England. 
 Henry I. King of England. 
 Eleanor, Queen of England. 
 Ma/comb, King of Scotland. 
 William, King of Scot/and. 
 
 In the fame Place were the Images of many more 
 Benefactors and Founders of this See, under whom, 
 as alfo under the Kings and Queens, were Infcfip- 
 tions, which fee ki the Appendix. 
 
 In 
 
of Durham A b b*e if. 
 
 25 
 
 In the Lanthorn, calbd the New Work, hung three 
 fine Bells, rung always at Twelve o'Clock at Night; 
 the Monks going to Manias at that Hour; four Men 
 were appointed to ring thefe Bells at 'Midnight, and. 
 at Inch Times of the Day as the Monks went to fervc 
 God ; two of the faid Men belonged to the Revefixy, 
 and kept the Copes, the Veftmeiits, and -five Pair of 
 Silver Cenfers, 'with the other Ornaments pertaining to 
 the High Altar, and lay in a Chamber over the Wefl 
 End of the Reveftry : The other two Men lay in 
 a Chamber in the North Alley, over againfr. the Sa- 
 crii'Vs Exchequer : They fwept and kept the Church 
 clean, and filled the Holy Water Stones every Sunday 
 Morning with clean Water before it was hallowed, and 
 locked the Church Doors every Night. 
 
 There was alfo (landing in the South Pillar of the 
 Quire Door of the Lanthorn, in a Corner of the 
 Side Pillar, a fquare Stone, which has been finely 
 wrought. On every Side was a large Image, where- 
 on flood a fquare Stone, which had twelve Crcf- 
 fets wrought therein, and were filled with Tallow, 
 and every Night one of them was lighted, to give Light 
 to the Monks at Midnight, when they came to Mattins. 
 
 John IFa/Jjirigton, Prior of Durham, lies buried 
 under a fine Marble Stone, with Verfes engraven id 
 Brafs upon it before the Porch, over the Entrance 
 o\ the North Alley, as yon gd to the Seng-fchool ad- 
 joining to St. BcnedilTs Altar. 
 
 Robert Berr'mpjon, of Wahrorth y Prior of Durld:r, 
 ftrft obtained the Ofe of the Mitre with the Staff, 
 lie lies fturied under a line Marble Stone, being pic- 
 tured from the Waiit upwards in Brafs, on the Aortf, 
 Side of Prior IVaflsington in the North Plage over a'gainfi 
 St. Bivrcdlffs Altar, being the jfifft of the three Altars 
 it! that. Phje, or I H e. 
 
 ' I> frex 
 
$3 
 
 The A K T I (i 'U I T I E s 
 
 Next to St. Benedict's Altar on the Afcr//; is St. Gre- 
 gory's Altar, being the fecond Altar. 
 
 John Foffer Was the firft Prior that ever attempted 
 to be buried within the Abbey Church, out of the 
 Centry-garth. He was buried in the North Plage be- 
 fore the Altar of St. Nicholas and St. Giles, the laft G>£ 
 the three Altars in die Plage towards the North; 
 over whom wa9 laid a curious and fumptuous Marble 
 Stone, prepared by himfelf when living, with his own 
 Image, and other imagery Work, viz. The twelve 
 Apoftles, divided and bordered on either Side of him ; 
 and three other Pictures, all in Brafs. 
 
 Jin ancient .Memorial, collccled from the heft Antiqua- 
 ries concerning the Battle c/* Durham, in Brior f 'of? 
 fer\r Time. 
 
 In the Night before the Battle of Durham was 
 begun, the 17th Day of Oc~lober y 1346, there ap- 
 peared to John FoJJer, then Prior of the Abbey of Out - 
 ham, a Vi/ion, commanding him to take "the Holy Cor? 
 porax Cloth, which was within the Corporax, where- 
 with St. Cuihkeri covered the Chalice when he ufed 
 to fay Mafs, and to .put the fame holy % clique upon a 
 Spear Point, and next Morning --to repair to a Place on 
 ihe Weft of the City of Durham, called the .'Red Ni!ls y 
 and there to remain till the End of the Battle. Which 
 Vifion the Prior taking for a "Revelation of God's Grace 
 and Mercv, through the Mediation of heiy St. Cufh- 
 bert, went early next 'Morning,, with the Monks of the 
 laid Abbey, to the laid Red Hills, and there moil de- 
 voutlyiproltrated themlelves in Prayer for Victory in 
 the Taid ^Brittle (a great Number of the Sects preffing 
 l by them,-, \vit& Intention to have fpoiled them, yet had 
 no Power to commit anyViolence upon fuch holy Per- 
 fens fo occupied in "Prayer, being protected by the 
 ffooi Providence of Almighty ' God, by the Media- 
 
(f Durham Abb e y. 27 
 
 tioti of holy St. Cuthbert, and the Prefencs of the laid 
 holy Relique) : And after many Ccnfiitts betwixt the 
 Englifo and Scots, the Battle ended, and Victory was 
 obtained, to the great Overthrow of the Scots : And 
 then the faid Prior and Monks, accompanied with 
 Ralph Lord Nevil, and John Nevil his Son, Lord 
 Piercy, and many other worthy Nobles of England, 
 • returned Home, arid went to the Abbey Church, there 
 joining in hearty Prayer and Tliankl giving to God, 
 and holy St. Cuthbert, for the Conqucft obtained that 
 Day : In which Battle a holy Crofs r taken out of Holy 
 iloul Houfe, in Scotland, by King David Bruce, was 
 taken from the {aid King : Which Grafs is recorded, 
 by moll ancient and credible Writers, to have come 
 to the laid King moil miraculoufly : Being hunting 
 the wild Hart in a Forefl near Edinburgh, upon Holy 
 Rood Day, commonly called the Exaltation of the Holy 
 . Crofs, the King feparated from' his Nobles, frc. iud- 
 denly there appeared unto him, as it feemed, a mof: beau - 
 tiful Hart, running towards him wit a full Speed, which 
 fb affrighted his Horfe, that lie violently ran away ; 
 but the Hart fb fiercely and fwlftiy followed, that he 
 forcibly threw the King and his Horfe to the Ground; 
 who berns much diimaved, call: back his Hands betwixt 
 the Tines of the Hart's Horns to Hay himfclf, w r hen the 
 laid Crofs flipped into his Haad* moft wonderfully ; 
 at the Sight of which the Hart immediately vanidied 
 away, and was never after feen, no Man knowing cer- 
 tainly what Metal or Wood the faid Crofs was made 
 ef. In the Place where this Miracle was fo wrought, 
 now Springs a Fountain, called the Rood Well, The 
 Night after the Crofs fo bechanced to him, he was- 
 warned in his Sleep, by a Vifion, to build an Abbey 
 in the fame Place ; which he diligently obferving as a 
 true Meflage from Almighty God, fent for Workmen 
 into France and Flanders ; who at their Arrival were 
 ) D 2 retained',. 
 
The Antiquities 
 
 retained, and built the laid Abbey accordingly, which 
 the King caufed to be furnifhed with regular Canons, 
 and dedicated the fame in Honour of the Crofs, and 
 placed it moft fariptuoufly in the fattt Abbey, there 
 to remain as a moll: renowned Monument ; and fo re- 
 clined, till the King coming to this Battle, brought 
 U with- him as a miraculous and moft fortunate Re- 
 Iquc : Notwithfranding that the King, the Night be- 
 fore the Battle, was in a Dream admonifhed,, that 
 in no wife he fhould attempt to violate the Church 
 ; ioods of St. Cuihbert, or any Thing pertaining to 
 that holy Saint, which he did mod prelum ptuoufly 
 difdain, deftrovina: as much as he could of the laid 
 Goods and Lands belonging to St. Cuthbert* He was 
 not only punifhed by God Almighty in his own Cap- 
 tivity, being taken in the Field of Battle, and fore 
 wounded, having firft valiantly fought ; but there was 
 ,i!fa taken with him four Earls, two Lords, the Arch- 
 bifhop of St. Andrews, one other Bifhop, one Knight, 
 ' with many others : And in the Battle were (lain 
 feven Earls of Scotland, befides many Lords, and fif- 
 teen thouland Scotfmen ; as alfo by the Lofs of the faici 
 Crofs, and many other mofl excellent Jewels and Mo- 
 numents which were brought from Scotland, and other 
 Noblemen's Banners, which were all offered to the 
 Shrine of St. Cuthbert, for the beautifying and adorn- 
 ing thereof ; together with the Black Rood of Scotland 
 (fo termed) ; with Mary and John, made of Silver, be- 
 ing as it were fmoaked all over; which was fet up 
 in the Pillar next St. Cuthberfs Shrine, in the South 
 Alley. 
 
 Shortly after the Prior caufed a very furnptu- 
 ous Banner to be made with Pipes of Silver, to be 
 put on a Staff five Yards long, with a Device to take 
 off and put on the faid Pipes at Pleafure, and to be 
 kept in a Cheft in the Feretory, when they were taken 
 
 down, 
 
of D u r ii a m- Abbe y. 
 
 29: 
 
 down, which Banner was fhewed and carried about 
 in the Abbey on Feftival and Principal Days. On the 
 Height of the uppermofl Pipe was a pretty Crofs of Sil- 
 verfand a Wand of Silver, having a fine wrought 
 Knob of Silver at either End, that went over the Ban- 
 ner Cloth, to which it was fattened, which Wand was 
 the Thicknefs of a Man's Finger, having at either 
 End a fine Silver Bell : The Wand was fattened by the 
 Middle to the Banrrer Staff under the Crofs. The 
 Banner Cloth was a Yard broad, and five Quatters- 
 deep, and the Bottom of it was indented in five Parts, 
 and fringed, and made fatt all about with Red Silk 
 and Cold. It was alfo made of Red Velvet, on both 
 Sides fumptuoufly embroider 'd and wrought with 
 Flowers of Green Silk and Gold ; and in the Midi! 
 thereof were the faid holy Relique, and Corporax 
 Cloth inclofed ; which Coporax Cloth was covered 
 over with White Velvet, Half a Yard Square every 
 Way, having a Crofs of Red Velvet on both Sides, 
 over that holy Relique, moil artificially compiled and 
 framed, being finely fringed about the Edge and Skirts 
 with Fringe of Red Silk and Gold, ? } nd three fine little 
 Silver Bells fattened to the Skirts of the faid Banner 
 Cloth, like unto Sacring Bells; and being fo fump- 
 tuoufly Sniffled, was dedicated to holy St; Cuthbert 
 to the Intent, that for the Future it mould be carried 
 ro any Battle, as Occasion fhould ferve ; and was never 
 (hewed at any Battle, but by the fpecial Grace of God 
 Almighty, and the Mediation of holy SC&thkrt, it 
 fraught Home Viftory : Which Banner Cloth, after 
 the DiiTolution of the Abbey, fell into the Poffeffion of 
 Dean Whitingham, whofe Wife, called Katharine, be- 
 ing a French Woman, (as is credibly reported by Eye- 
 witrieffes) did moft . defpitefuli? bum the ftrne in her* 
 Fire, to the open Contempt and Difgrac? ci' all ancient 
 Reliques... • V ; - • - - 
 
30 The Antiquities 
 
 On the Weft Side of the City of Durham, where 
 two Roads pafs each other, a moft famous and 
 elegant Crofs of Stone Work was erefted, to the Ho- 
 nour of God, for the Victory there obtained, known, 
 by the Name of fyeviTs Crofs, and built at the fole 
 Coil of Lord Ralph Ncvll, one of the moft excellent 
 and chief Perfcns in the faid Battle ; which Crofs had 
 feven Steps about it, every Way fqnared, to the 
 Socket wherein the Stalk of the' Crofs flood ; which 
 Socket was fattened to a large fquare Stone, the fole 
 or bottom Stone, being of a great Thickncfs, viz, 
 . a Yard and Half every Way : This Stone was the eighth 
 Step. Alfo the faid Socket was faftened with Iron and 
 Lead to the fole Stone, on every Side of the Cornes: 
 of the Socket Stone, which was three Quarters deep, 
 and a Yard and a Quarter Square about, every "Way. 
 The erected Stalk of the Crofs, was in Length three 
 Yards and a Half up to the Bofs, having eight Sides, 
 all of one Piece : From the Socket it was fixed into 
 the Bofs above, into which Bofs the Stalk was deeply 
 foddered with Lead and Sadder. In the Midft of the 
 Stalk, in every fecorrd Square, was the tfe&iH Crofs. 
 A Sal tire, in a 'Scutcheon, being Lord NeviPs Arms, 
 was finely cut out upon the faid Stalk ; and the Bot- 
 tom of the St. lk was foddered deep in the Hole of the 
 Socket, with Lead and S odder ; and at every Corner 
 of the Socket was a Piclure of one of the four Evaa- 
 gelifts, finely fet forth, and carved in Stone Mafon 
 Work. The Bofs at the Top of the Stalk was an 
 octangular Stone, finely cut and bordered, and 
 inoft curioufly wrought ; and in every Square of the 
 nether Side thereof, in the Mafon Work, was NcviF& 
 Crofs, in a 'Scutcheon, in one Square, and the Bull's 
 Head, having no 'Scutcheon, in the reixt Square • fo 
 in the lame reciprocal Older about the Bofs, On the 
 
 - Top 
 
^Durham A f b e y. 
 
 Top of the Bofs was a Stalk of Stone (being a Crofs a 
 little higher than the Reft) foddered deeply with Lead 
 and Sodder into the Hole of the Bofs above, whereon 
 was cut oat, on both Sides of the Stalk of the {aid Crofs, 
 the Pi&ure of our Saviour Chrift crucified, with his 
 Arms ftretched out, his Hands nailed to the Crofs, 
 and his Feet nailed upon the Stalk of the Crofs below, 
 almoft a Quarter of a Yard above the Bofs, the Picture 
 of the blefled Virgin Mary on one Side, and the Pic- 
 ture of St. John the Evangelift on the other Side, mod 
 pitifully lamenting, and beholding his Torments and 
 cruel Death, they both ftanding on the Top of the 
 Bofs : All which Pictures were moft artificially wrought 
 together, and finely carved out of one entire Stone y , 
 fome Parts thereof through-carved Work, both on the 
 Eajl and IVcjl Sides of the Crofs, with a Cover of Stone 
 iikewife over their Heads, being all moft finely and' 
 curiouily * wrought together out of the faid hollow 
 Stone; which Cover of Stone was covered over finely 
 with Lead. Alfo hi Remembrance of the Battle of 
 Durham, and to the perpetual Memory and Honour of 
 the laid Lord Nevil, and his Pofterity for ever, it was 
 called by the Name of NeviTs Crofs, as abovefaid ; and 
 remained conspicuous to all Paflengers, till the Year 
 1589, in the Night-time, when the fame was broken 
 down and defaced, by fome lewd,, contemptuous, and 
 Wicked Perfons, thereto encouraged. (as it feemed) by 
 fome who loved Chrift the worfe for the Crofs-Sake, 
 as utterly contemning all ancient Ceremonies and Mo- 
 numents. 
 
 And Irivcwife in the faid Red Hills, on the North 
 Side of Ncvits Crofs, a little diftant from a Piece of 
 Ground called the Fhjfs, above a Clofe lying hard by 
 North Chiltonpool, and on the North Side of the Hedge, 
 where the Maid's Bower ufed to be, where the Prior 
 and Monks ftood making their Prayers to God with 
 
 the 
 
The A N" T I Q, V I T I £ & 
 
 the holy Relique of St. Cuthbert, during the faid Bat- 
 tle, there was erected, (after the Victory was gained) 
 by the (aid Prior and Monks, a beautiful Crofs of Wood, 
 in Remembrance of that holy Relique carried to> 
 the Battle : Which being finely wrought, very, large*, 
 and of two Yards Height, flood long there. The 
 Prior and Monks, ever after, in Memory of the faid. 
 holy Reliqne, after the Vrftory, did, in their Re- 
 creations, as they went and came to and from Beau, 
 repair to theMonaftery and Abbey of 'Durham, a fid. 
 made their humble and folemn Prayers to God a/id. 
 holy St. Cuthbert,. at the Foot of the faid Crofs, in 
 perpetual Praife and Memory of the feid Victory ; till 
 it was of late (within feventy Years) fuddenly defaced, 
 and thrown down, by forne-lewd and i!l-difpofed Per- 
 fons, who defpifed the Antiquity and Worthinefs of 
 Monuments, after the Supprefiion of Abbies : And 
 the Collection of this, memorable Antiquity was, ia the 
 Year 1.593... 
 
 In the South Alley of the Lanthorm 
 
 John Hcmingbrough, Prior of Durham, lies buried 
 in the South Plage, on the right Hand as you go to 
 the Reveftry, under a fine Marble Stone, with his Pic- 
 ture xuriaufly engraven upon it, having the twelve 
 Apoftles pictured on each Side of him, fix South, and 
 fix North, in Brais, with other imagery Work abcnit; 
 his Plead ; lying before the Altar of our Lady, or Hough- 
 w//'s Altar; the firft of the three Altars in the South' 
 Plage. 
 
 William Ebchefter, Prior of Durhqrn,, lies buried Iff 
 the South Alley-plage, on the right Hand, under a fine 
 Marble Stone,'beiore the Lady of Bolton s Altar, with 
 Kis Verfes and Epitaph engraven upon the faid Stone, 
 m Brafs^ which Stone was taken thence, and laid 'be- 
 fore the Quire Door : The aforefiid Altar is thefe- 
 * ' * - cona 
 
of Durham Abbey. 
 
 33 
 
 cond in that Plage. Over that Altar was a mod lively 
 and beautiful Image of our Lady, fo called the Lady 
 of Boh on ; which was made to open with Gimmers, 
 from her Breaft downwards ; and within was painted 
 the Image of our Saviour, finely gilt, holding up his 
 Hands, and betwixt his Hands a fair and large Cruci- 
 fix of Chrift, all of Gold : Which Crucifix was to 
 be taken out every Good Friday, and every Man 
 .crept unto it that was then in the Church ; after which 
 it was hung up again within the laid Image. And 
 every principal Day the faid Image was opened, that 
 every Man might fee pictured within her, the Father, 
 the Son, and the Holy Ghoff, moft curiouflyand finely 
 gilt ; and both the Sides within her very finely var- 
 milled with Green Varnifh, and Flowers of Gold, an 
 elegant Sight for all Beholders : And underneath the 
 Stone fne flood on, was a beautiful Crofs upon a 'Scut- 
 cheon, called the Nevils Crofs, fignifying that the 
 Nevils had born the Charges thereof. 
 
 Robert Ebchefter, Prior of Durham, lies buried un- 
 der a fine Marble Stone, with his Picture and Verfes, 
 from the Wafte upwards in Brafs, before the faid Lady 
 of Bolton's Altar. 
 
 Next to the Lady of Bolton 's Altar, on the South, 
 was St. Fidcs's, and St. Thomas the Apofrte's Altar ; 
 being the third Altar in the South Plage. 
 
 There is a Library in the South Angle of the Lan- 
 thorn, which is now above the Clock, betwixt the 
 Chapter Houfe and the Te Deum Window; 'tis well 
 replenifhed with ancient and modern Books. 
 
 In the South End of the Alley of theLanthorn above 
 the Clock is a handfome Glafs Window, called the Te 
 Deum Window, finely glazed : According as every 
 Verfe of Te Deum is fung or faid, fo is it very cu- 
 rioufly wrought in fine coloured Glafs, with the nine 
 
 Orders 
 
 V 
 
: }4 The A N T I Q, U I T I E S 
 
 Ci ders of Angels, viz. Thrones, Dominations, Che- 
 rubims, <bc. with the Picture of Chrifb, as he was up- 
 on the Crofs crucify'd, and the bleffed Virgin Mary 
 with Chrift in her Arms, as he was born. 
 
 Oppose to this, in the North End of the Alley of 
 the Laathorn, is a large and beauti fa! Glafs Window, 
 having twelve long and good Lights, built of fine 
 Stone, and glazed, which in old Time was gone to 
 decay ; and the Prior at that Time, called Prior Caftell, 
 rebuilding it, called it the Window of the four Doc- 
 tors of the Church, having fix long and handfome 
 Glafs Lights in the upper Part of the laid Window ; 
 and therein is pictured our bleffed Lady, with the Pic- 
 ture of our Saviour Chrift in her Arms, and that of 
 holy St. Cuihberi on the Weft Side of her : Both which 
 Pictures are Handing in the Midft oF the faid Window, 
 in fine coloured Glafs : And on the Eaft Side of our 
 Lady are two Doctors of the Church pictured, and 
 the other two Doctors pictured on the Weft Side of 
 .St. Cutbbert ; ah 1 being large Pictures, very curioufly 
 coloured in Glafs : And the Picture of Prior Cafte ] l, 
 who bore the whole Charge of building the faid Win- 
 dow, fitting on his Knees (in fine Blue Glafs, in his 
 Habit) and holding up his Hands' to our Lady, under 
 the Feet of the faid bleffed Virgin Mary, whole Image 
 ftands above his Head, faying, Virgo Mater Dii, Mi- 
 fir ere met: Holy Virgin, Mother of God, hai>e Mercy 
 upon me. There are other fix lundlbme Lights in the 
 fame Window, underneath the above, very finely 
 glazed, with, all the Inftruments of Chrut's Death fet 
 in round Glafs, and wrought in fine Colours in the 
 faid Glafs Window, being all but one Window, which 
 has a Stone Gallery the Breadth of the Thicknefs of the 
 Wall, at the Divifion of the fuperior Lights from- the 
 inferior, affording a Paffage into the Roof of the Sa- 
 Qrilh Exchequer, and is fupported by the Partitions of 
 
Of D U R H A M A B B £ Y. 
 
 35 
 
 the Lights made ftrong, and equally broad with the 
 Gallery. 
 
 Monuments in the middle Alley, from the Lahthorn t$ 
 the Weft End, joining upon the G 'alt ley. 
 In the Body of the Church, between two of the 
 higheft Pillars iiipporting the Weft Side of the Lan- 
 fhorn, oppofite the Quire Door, was jefus' Altai* 
 where Jtfus' Mafs was lung every Friday in the Year ; 
 and on the Backfide of the laid Altar was a high Stone 
 Wall, at each End whereof was a Door, which was 
 locked every Night, and called the two Rood Doors, 
 for the Proceffion to t\o forth and return at : Betwixt 
 the two Doors wasjefus' Altar placed, as aforefaid ; and 
 each End of the Altar was doled up with fine Wain- 
 fcot, like to a Porch, adjoining to each Rood Door, 
 finely varnifhed with Red Varnifh. In the Wainfcot, 
 at the South End of the Altar, were four grand Alme- 
 Hes, to preferve the Chalices and Silver Crewets, with 
 two or three Suits of Veft merits, and other Ornaments 
 belonging to the laid Altar, for holy and principal 
 Days : And at the North End of the Altar, in the 
 Wainfcot, was a Door to come into the faid Porch, 
 which was always locked. There was alfo ftanding 
 on the Altar, againft the Wall, a moft curious fine 
 Table, with two Leaves to open and (hut, compre- 
 hending the Paffion of our Lord Jefus Chrift, richly 
 fet in fine lively Colours, all like burnifhed Gold, as 
 he was tormented on the Crofs ; a moft lamentable 
 Sight to behold : Which Table was always locked up, 
 but on principal Days. Alio the Fore-part of the laid 
 Porch, from the utmoft Corner of the Porch to the 
 other, was a Door with two broad Leaves, to open 
 from Side to Side, all of fine through-carved Work : 
 The Height was fomewhat above a Man's Breaft, and 
 the upper Part ftrlcken full of Iron Spikes, that nowc 
 
 Should 
 
36 T'he Antiquities 
 
 fhould climb over; which Door hung all inGimmers, 
 and had Clafps in the Infide to fallen them And on 
 the principal Days, when any of the Monks faid Mafs 
 at the foid Altar, then the Table (landing thereon was 
 opened, and the Door with two Leaves, which eom- 
 pofed the Fore-part of the (aid Porch, was fet opea 
 alfo, that every Man might come in and fee the Table, 
 in the Manner aforefaid, 
 
 There was alfo in the Height of the Wall, from 
 Pillar to Pillar, the whole Story and Pafiion of our 
 Lord, wrought in Stone, and curioufly gilt : And 
 alfo above the faid Story and Pafiion, there was the 
 whole Story and Pictures of the twelve Apoftles, very 
 artificially fet forth, and finely gilt, extending from 
 one Pillar to the other. And on the Top, above all 
 the aforefaid Stories, from Pillar to Pillar, was fet up 
 .a Border artificially wrought in Stone, with marvel- 
 lous fine Colours, and gilt, with Branches and Flowers, 
 tri&in&t$£ that the more a Man looked on it, the more 
 was his Defire to behold It ; and though in Stone, it 
 could not have been finer in any Kind of Metal. And 
 .Hkewife above the Top of a!!, upon the Wall, flood 
 ?.he moll famous Rood that was in all the Land, with 
 the Picture of Mary on one Side of cur Saviour, and 
 that of St. John on the other, with two glittering Arch- 
 angels ; one on the one Side of Mary, and the other 
 on the other Side of John. So that for the Beauty of 
 the Wall, Statelinefs of the Picture, and the Livelinefs 
 fVf the Painting, it was thought to be one of the 
 grandeft Monuments in the Church. 
 
 Alio on the back Side of the faid Pvood, before the 
 Qjnre Door, there was a Loft, and the Clock flood in 
 the South Efid thereof. Underneath the Loft, contigu- 
 ous to the Wall, Was a long Form, reaching from one 
 Rood Door to the other, whereon Men relied them- 
 Wti&sl to fay their Prayers, and' hear Divine Service. 
 
 Every 
 
cf D u r h am Abbe y. 37 
 
 Every Friday, after the Evening Prayer was ended in 
 the Quire, an Anthem was fung in the Body of the 
 Church, before St. John's Altar, called Jefus' Anthem, 
 which was performed by the Mafter and Choir, who 
 fang another Anthem fitting on their Knees before 
 Jefes' Altar, one cf the Galiley Bells tolling. 
 
 Thomas Cafull, Prior of Durham, lies buried under 
 a handfome Marble Stone in the Body of the Church, 
 before Jems' Altar, being piclured in Brafs from the 
 Wafte up, with his Epitaph : Oppofitc to which, be- 
 tween two Pillars, on the North Side, was a Loft, con* 
 taming a Pair of Organs for the Ufe of the Matter and 
 Quiriilers, at fmging Jefus' Mafs and Anthem every 
 Friday,, with a beautiful De£k to lay the Books on in 
 Time of Divine Service. 
 
 John Aukland, Prior, lies buried within the Abbey 
 Church of Durham. 
 
 John Burnaby, Prior of Durham, lies buried under 
 a handfome Stone, pictured in Brafs from the Wafte 
 upward, in theMidft of the Church, beneath the North 
 Door, not far difiant from the Marble Crofs, with his 
 Epitaph. 
 
 There is, betwixt the Pillar on the North Side 
 wherein the Holy Water Stone flood, and the oppofite 
 Pillar on the South Side, a Row of Blue Marble, in the 
 Midfl whereof is a Crofs of the fame coloured Marble, 
 in Token that all Women who came to hear Divine 
 Service, fhould not be fuffered to come above the faid 
 Crofs : And if it happened that any Woman came above 
 it> in the P>ody of the Church, fhe was inltantly pu- 
 niflied for certain Days, becaufe no Woman prefumcd 
 to come where the holy Man St. Cuihhcrt was, for the 
 Reverence they had to his facred Body. 
 
 Alfo if any Woman happened "o cc3me within the 
 Abbey Gates, or within me Pre< in£b of the Houfe ; 
 had fhe been but feen her Length within any Place of 
 
 E the 
 
3'3 The Antiquities 
 
 the faid Koufe, (lie was punifhed, as an Example to 
 •deter others from doing the like. 
 
 The Reafons nvhy F/orncn ought not to come to St. CuthbertV 
 Ter story, nor enter the Precintls of the Monqfiry. 
 
 Divers Books of the Life and Miracles of that holy 
 Confeflbr St. Cuthbcrt, have been written partly by 
 Jrifh, Englijb, and Scott i/b Authors, none being able 
 to comprehend the Whole in one Work : For as ve- 
 nerable Bide reports, in the Prologue to his Book of 
 the Life and Miracles of St. Cuthbert, that there were 
 many other Things nothing inferior to thofe he had 
 written, of the Life and Virtues of that bleffed Man, 
 that were related by him, and commanded to be had 
 in perpetual Memory ; which Works, though they were 
 not perfectly and deliberately finifhed, it was thought 
 inconvenient to infert, or add new Matters to them. Of 
 which Books, one is intitled, Of the Coming of St. Cuth- 
 bert into Scotland, taken out of the Scottijh Hiflories ; 
 where, among other Things, is recited the retired 
 Life of holy St. Cuthbert, as followeth : 
 
 Blefled St. Cuthbert, for a long Time, led a moft 
 reclule Life, in the Borders of the PiBs& z% which 
 Place a great Concourfe of People daily attended him, 
 and from whom, by the Providence and Grace of 
 God, none ever returned without great Comfort and 
 Confolation. This caufed both Young and Old to 
 rtfort to him, as they took great Pleafure both in fee- 
 ing and hearing him. In which Time it happened 
 that the Daughter of the King of that Province was 
 got with Child by fome young Man in her Father's 
 Houfe. The King perceiving her Pregnancy, dili- 
 gently examined her who was the Author of that 
 FacT: : Whereupon (he made this Anfwer : That fo- 
 Htary young Man who dwelleth hard by, is he who 
 hath overcome me, and by whofe Beauty I am thus 
 
tf D U K I I A M A B B £ Y. 
 
 39 
 
 deceived. Whereupon the King, furioufly enraged, 
 prefently repaired to the Hermit's Place, with his de- 
 flowered Daughter, attended by divers Knights, where 
 he inftaatly aceofted the Servant of God in this Manner? 
 What art thou -he, who, under the Colour oF Religion, 
 prophaneft the Temple and Sanctuary of God ? Art 
 thou he, who, under the Cloak and ProfeiTiou of an 
 Hermit, exercifeft thyfelf in all Filthinefs ? Behold 
 my Daughter, whom thou by thy Wiles haft corrupted,, 
 fro: fearing to deflower her : Therefore now at lad 
 confefs this thy Fault, and plainly declare here, be- 
 fore this Company in what Sort thou haft fed need her. 
 The King's Daughter marking the fierce Speeches of 
 her Father, very impudently ftepped forth, and boldly 
 . affirmed, that it was he who had done that wicked 
 Fact : At which the young Man, greatly amazed, 
 perceiving that this Calumny proceeded from the In- 
 ftlgation of the Devil, (wherewirh he w T as brought 
 into great Perplexity) applied his whole Heart unto 
 Almighty God, frying as foil owe th : My Lord, my 
 , God, who only knoweft, and art the Difcoverer of 
 all Secrets, make manifeft alfo this Work of Iniquity, 
 and by fome Token difprove the fame, which though 
 it cannot be done by Human Policy, make it known 
 by fo ne Divine Token. When the young Man, with 
 great Lamentations and Tears inutterable, had fpo- 
 ken thefe Words, even fuddenly, and in the fame 
 Place where fhe ftood, the Earth making a hilling 
 Noife, prefently opened, and fwallowed her up in the 
 Prefence of all the Spectators. This Place is called 
 Corwen, where fhe for her Corruption was conveyed 
 down into Hell. As fooa as the King perceived 
 this Miracle to happen in the Prefence of all his Com- 
 pany, he began to be greatly torment fd in his Mind, 
 fearing left for his furious Threats he mould incur the 
 iaine Puniilmieat. Whereupon he, with his Company, 
 
 E 2 humbly 
 
40. 
 
 The A N T I <£ V I T I E s 
 
 humbly craving Pardon of Almighty God, with % 
 further Petition to that good Man St. Cuthbert, that 
 by his Prayers he would crave of God to have his 
 Daughter again : Which Petition the holy Father: 
 granted, upon Condition, that from thence no Woman 
 fteuld come near him. Whence it came to pafs that 
 the King did not Suffer any Woman to enter into any 
 Church dedicated to that Saint, which to this Day is. 
 3'oly obferved in all the Churches of the Pills 9 which 
 were dedicated to that holy Man.. 
 
 fksMmtk Alley of the Body of the Gmrch. 
 
 The Ncnb Alley extends from the North Door of 
 the Church to the Crofs Alley in the Midfl of the 
 Church, called the Lanthorn Alley, where the Lan- 
 thorn (lands; at the Entrance of the North Alley into, 
 the Lanthorn was a Trellice Door, from Pillar to Pil- 
 lar, which opened and fhut with two Leaves, like a 
 folding Door. Above the Door it was likewife trelliced 
 almoft to the Height of the Vault, and on the Height 
 of the Hud Trellice Iron Pikes were ftricken, of a Quar- 
 ter of a Yard long, to the Intent that none mould climb 
 over it : It was never opened but on Holidays, and 
 at Procefiions ; and the North Rood, on the oilier 
 Side of the lame Pillar, at the North End of Jems' 
 Altar, was likewife never opened but to admit ibme 
 Proceflion. 
 
 There were two Holy Water Stones belonging to 
 the Abbey Church of Durham, of a very fine Blue 
 Marble; the better of them flood within and oppofite 
 to the North Church Door, fixed in the Corner of the 
 Pillar adjoining to the Lady of Fifties Altar, on the 
 left Hand as you turn into the Galiley, having a beau- 
 tiful Screen of Wainfcot, finely painted with Blue and 
 little gilt Stars : It was kept very clean, and frefhWater 
 always provided againft Sunday Morning, by the Bell- 
 
 ringers 
 
^Durham Abbey. ~ 41 
 
 pagers or Servitors of the Church ; wberein one of 
 the°Monks hallowed the faid Water, early ia the Morn- 
 ing, before Divine Service. 
 
 The other flood within the South Church Door, not 
 quite fo curious, yet of the fame Make, and fup- 
 plied with frefh Water every Sunday Morning, where 
 one of the Monks likewife hallowed the Water, £S 
 above. One of them, viz. that at the South Door, 
 ferved the Prior, the Convent, and the whole Houfe; 
 the other at the North Door being for the Ufe of thofe 
 who came in that Way to hear Divine Service. 
 
 There was between two Pillars, on the left Hand, 
 in the North Alley, as you -go into the Galiley from the 
 North Church Door, our Lady of Pitties Altar, in- 
 clofed on each Side with Wainfcot, with the Picture 
 cf our Lady fupporting our Saviour on her Knee, as 
 he was taken from the Crofs. 
 
 And on the right Hand of the faid North Alley, at 
 going into the Galiley, under the Belfrey, called the 
 Galiley Steeple, was St. Saviours Altar : The North 
 End of which Altar Stone was fixed into the Wall, 
 from the Foundation of the Church, for Mafs to be 
 faid at, and remains vifible, by a broken Corner, not 
 to be drawn out, without breaking the Wall. 
 
 In the Weft End of the Church, and of the North 
 Alley, over the Galiley Door, is a Belfrey, ealied the 
 Galiley Steeple, wherein hung four great Bells, which 
 were never rung but at principal Feafts, or when the 
 Bifhop came to Town. 
 
 Every Sunday a Sermon was preached in the Gali- 
 ley, from One to Three in the Afternoon ; previous 
 to which, at Twelve the great Bell of the Galiley 
 tolled three Quarters of an Hour, and rung the fourth 
 Quarter, till One o'Clock, that the People might have 
 Warning to come and hear the Word of God preached. 
 There were certain Officers of the faid HOufe, who 
 E 3 were 
 
^The Ant i quit ie & 
 
 were always charged, whenever the Bells were to be 
 tolled, to be in Readinefs to ring them, viz. Two Men 
 of the Kitchen were charged with ringing one Bell, 
 and four Men of the Church, who lay always in the 
 Chrrch, w r ere charged with the third Bell, and fi^t 
 others were to ring the great Bell, viz. Two of the 
 Bakehoufe, two of the Brewhoufe, and two of the 
 Kiln. But in the latter Days of King Henry VIII. the 
 Houfe was fuppreffed, and after that Time the Bells 
 were never rung. In Queen Elizabeth's, Reign Dean 
 V/hittingham perceiving them to have been ufelefslong 
 before his Time, intended to have them taken down 
 and broken ; when Thomas Spark, the Bifhop's Suf- 
 fragan, refiding at Durham, and keeping Houfe there. 
 Mi that Time, having Notice of the Dean's Purpofe, 
 fent dire&ly into York/hire for a Workman, and caufed 
 three of the Bells to be taken down, and hung up in 
 the New Work, called the Lanthorn, where he made 
 a fine Set of Chimes, which coft him thirty or forty 
 Pounds ; which Chimes continue to this Day,, 
 
 The South Alley of tJoe Body of the Church- 
 Robert. Nevil, Bifnop of Durham, lies buried in h\% 
 Inceflor's Porch, near to the Cloifter Door, which 
 is to the South, and Jefus' Altar to the North of the. 
 Porch, containing three Pillars; and fo much of the 
 Angle having in it an Altar, with a fine Alabafter 
 Table above it, where Mafs was daily celebrated for 
 their Souls, and therein a Pew, where the Prior ufed 
 to fit to hear Jefus' Mafs. The Eaft End of the Porch, 
 where the Altar flood, was clofed up with a little 
 Stone Wall, higher than the Altar, and wainfcotted 
 above the Wall I and the Weft End with a little Stone 
 Wall, and an Iron Grate on the Top of it, and the 
 North Side towards the Body of the Church was invi- 
 : oned with lion. 
 
^Durham Abbe y. 43 
 
 Alio on the Back-part behind NevUs' Altar, to 
 the Midfl of the Pillar behind the Church Door, in 
 Compafs from Pillar to Pillar, there was a Chamber, 
 where one that kept the Church, and rung the Bells 
 at Midnight lodged : And over the Church Door, the 
 Compafs of four Pillars, two on either Side, when one. 
 entered within the Church Door, was all covered 
 above Head with Wainfcot, very finely painted, and 
 varnifhed Azure, and fet out with Stars of Gold. And 
 m the Fore-part of the Wainfcot, from Pillar to Pillar, , 
 within the Church, over the Holy Water Stone, there 
 was a Brattifliing on the Fore-part of the Wainfcot or 
 Roof, very curioully wrought; and gilt with Gold as- 
 fine as the Angle ; and in* the Midfl of the Brattifli- 
 ing was a Star of great Compafs, like the Sun, very 
 curioufly wrought with Gold, and enamelTd ; ib there 
 could no Duft or Filth foil into the Holy Water Stone, 
 k being clofe above, as well as clofe within the Church 
 Door. 
 
 In the Wejt End of this South Alley, between the 
 two nethermoft Pillars., oppofite to our Lady of Pittie's 
 Altar, was an Altar with a Rood, reprefenting Chrift's 
 Paffion, having his Hands bound, with a Crown of 
 Thorns on his Head, being commonly called the Bonny 
 Rood, inclofed on each Side with Wainfcot, as was 
 the Altar of our Lady of Pilth* 
 
 The SanBuary.' 
 
 Near to the faid Altar, on the South Side adjoining 
 to the Galiley Door, was the Grate whereon the Coun- 
 try Men. lay, when they fled thither for Refuge 
 
 In ancient Time, before the Houfe was fupprefl, 
 the Abbey Church, the Church-yard, and all the Cir- 
 cuit thereof was a Sandtuary for all Manner of Men 
 that committed any great Offence, as killing of a Man 
 in his own Defence, or any Prifoners who had broken 
 
 out 
 
44 
 
 The Antiquities 
 
 out of Prifon, and fled to the Church Door, knocking 
 to have it opened : AKo certain Men lay in two Cham- 
 bers over the North Door for thatPurpofe, that when 
 any fuch Offenders came and knocked, they inflantly 
 let them in at any Hour of the Night; and run quickly 
 to the Galiley Bell, and tollNi it, that whofoever heard 
 it might know that fome had taken Sanctuary. When 
 the Prior had Notice thereof, he fent Orders to keep 
 themfelves within the San&uary ; that is, within the 
 Church and Church-yard, and that every one fhould 
 have a Gown of Black Cloth, with a Yellow Crofs, 
 called St. Cnthberfs Crofs, at the left Shoulder, that 
 every one might fee the Privilege granted to St. Cutb- 
 bcrt\ Shrine, for Offenders to fly unto for Succour, and 
 Safeguard of their Lives, till they could obtain their 
 Prince's Pardon : And that they fhould lie within the 
 Church or San&uary, on a Grate, made only for that 
 Purpofe, adjoining to the Galiley South Door. They 
 had iikewife Meat, Drink, Bedding, and other Nccef- 
 faries, at the Coft of the Houfe, for thir ty -feven Days, 
 being only fuch as were neceflary for fuch Offenders, 
 until the Prior and Convent could get them conveyed 
 out of the Diocefe. This Privilege was confirmed not 
 only by King Giftbrid, but by King A lured Iikewife. 
 
 In the Weji End of the Church, over the Galiley, 
 was a fine large Window, containing the whole Story 
 of the Root of Jeffe, in coloured Giafs, very lively 
 pictured and wrought in Colours, with Alary and 
 Chrift in her Arms on the Top of the faid Window, 
 in moil curioufly coloured Glafs. 
 
 The Galiley ', and ivhy this Chapel, dedicated to the Ho- 
 nour of. St. Mary, was fo called* 
 
 For the Comfort of all Women, and the Solace of 
 their Souls, there was an ancient Church in the Feme 
 Ifiand, where the Church of that Ifland now (lands, 
 
 appointed 
 
§f D u 11 h a m Abbe y. 45 
 
 appointed for Women to repair unto for hearing of 
 Mafs, making their Prayers, and receiving the Sacra- 
 ments. For which Purpofe here was a Chapel dedi- 
 cated to the bleffed Virgin Mary, now called the Ga- 
 liley. 
 
 Hugh, Bifhop of Durham y conlecrated the 21 fx of 
 December, 1154, at Rome, by Pope Pafchalis IX. on 
 the Feaft 'of St. Thomas the Apoftle, confidering the 
 Diligence of his Predeceflbrs in building the Cathedral 
 Church, finifhed but a few Years before his Time, 
 and no Chapel being then erected to the bleffed Vir- 
 gin, whereunto it fhould be lawful for Women to have 
 Accefs, began to ere ft *a New Work at the Eajl Angle 
 of the laid Cathedral , for which feveral Pillars of Mar- 
 ble were brought from beyond Sea ; and the Work 
 being advanced to a fmall Height, began, through 
 great Gifts vifible therein, to fall down ; whence it 
 mamfeftly -appeared unacceptable to God and holy St. 
 Cutkbert, especially for the Accefs Women were to 
 have fo near his Feretory : Whereupon that Work 
 was left off, and a new one begun and foon finifhed, 
 at the IVeJi End of the faid Church ; into which it 
 was lawful for Women to enter, there being before 
 no holy Place where they might have Admittance for 
 their Comfort and Confolation. 
 
 It is called the Galiiey, by Pveafon, as forre think, 
 of the Tranflation thereof ; being once begun, and 
 afterwards removed ; to which Place whofoever re- 
 ibrted, had the Benefit of fundry Pardons granted 
 them, as plainly appears by a Table there fet up, con- 
 taining a Catalogue of the faid Pardons. 
 
 Within the Galiiey, in a Chantry made of mod: ex - 
 cellent Blue Marble, flood our Lady's Altar, a fump- 
 tuous Monument, finely adorned with curious Waiit- 
 fcot Work, above the Head, at the Back, and at each 
 End of the Pillar ; the Wainfcot behind devifed and 
 
 fur- 
 
Ihe Antiquities 
 
 furnifhed with molt heavenly Pi&ures, extremely lively 
 in Colours and Gilding ; there Mafs was fung daily by 
 the Mafter of the Song-fchool, with certain Deacons 
 and: Qmrifters, the Mailers playing upon a fine Organ 
 in Time of Mafs; wherein the firft Founder of the 
 faid Chantry, Bifhop LangLy, his Soul was moft de- 
 voutly prayed for, in the Beginning and Ending 
 thereof : This Bifhop magnificently rebuilt the faid Ga- 
 
 .liley. There belonged alfo to this Altar very fump- 
 tuous Furniture, not only for principal Feafts, but for 
 
 . ordinary Service : And for preserving and fafe-keepii;g 
 thole Suits of Veftments, and other Ornaments belong- 
 ing to the faid Altar, there was at both Ends behind 
 
 ■ the Portal two clofe Almeries of Wainfcot ; wherein 
 
 . after celebrating oar Lady's Mafs, they were incloftd. 
 
 Thomas Langlcy, Bifhop of Durham, lies buried 
 under a Marble Tomb, within the faid Chantry< be- 
 fore our Lady s Altar. He founded upon the Place 
 
 . Green, a.Graiiimar-fchool and Song-fchool, with yearly 
 Stipends, whereof two Pri efts were M afters, who daily 
 in faying Mafs prayed for his Soul. 
 
 "Tis not improper to infert here a Tranflation of 
 the Charter which Bifhop Pz/^y, Founder of thrs 
 
 •Fabrick, granted to the BurgefTes of the City of 
 Durham, whereby they enjoy fuch valuable Privileges 
 at this Day. Its' Original, in Latin, deferves a Place 
 in the Appendix. 
 
 H Hugh, by the Grace of God, Bifhop of Durham, 
 i( wifhing Health to all Men in his Bifhoprkk, whe- 
 " ther Clergy or Laymen, French or Englljh, Know 
 " ye that we have granted, and by this Charter have 
 " confirmed to cur BurgefTes of Durham, that they 
 " fhali be free and exempt from the Cnftomary Du- 
 " ties of In- toll and 'Ont-toU, from Market-f lver and 
 " Heniots : And (hall enjoy all the Free Privileges 
 " which the BurgefTes of Nevjcajik do in the beff and 
 
 " moft 
 
of Durham Abbey. 4 7 
 
 moft honourable Manner pofiefs. Witnefled by 
 " Ralph Hagett, and many others. 
 
 On the Nerth Side of the Gaiiley. was an Altar, 
 called the Lady of Pittie's Altar, with her Pidhire, 
 carrying our Saviour on her Knee, as he was taken 
 from the Crofs, a very melancholy Afpeft. This 
 Altar was intended for a Chantry Prieft to fay Mais at 
 every Day, having above the Altar on the Wall, a 
 Part of our Saviour's Paffion in large Pictures, the 
 other Part being above St. Bedfs Altar, on the South 
 Side. 
 
 There was on the South Side, between two Pillar?, 
 a beautiful Monument of Blue Marble, a Yard high, 
 fnpported by five Pillars, one at every Corner, and 
 the fifth under the Middle : and above the faid Mar- 
 ! ble Stone and Pillars flood a Shrine, fecond to St. 
 Cuthbcrfs, wherein the Bones of that holy Man St. 
 ; Bcde were informed : It ufed to be taken down every 
 Feftival Day, when there was any folemn Proceflion, 
 ! and carried "by four Monks in Time of Proceffion and 
 ! Divine Service; which being ended, they conveyed it 
 again into the Gaiiley, and fet it upon the faid Tomb, 
 which had a Cover of Wainfcot, curioufly gilt, and 
 j made to draw up and down over the Shrine, when they 
 ! pleafed to (hew the Sumptioufhefs thereof. And for a 
 Confirmation of thcTruth of this Account of St. Bede's 
 Shrine, 'tis not improper to transcribe the following 
 ! Verfes from the ancient Hiftory, which difcovers both 
 I the Time of hisTranflation from St, Cuthberi y $> Tomb, 
 and the Maker and Founder of the Shrine in the Gaiiley. 
 
 Hugh, Bifhop of Durknn y having finifhed the Cha- 
 pel called the Gaiiley, caufed a Feretory of Gold and' 
 I Silver to be made, wherein were depofited the Bones 
 of venerable Bedc, translated and removed from St. 
 Cuthbert's Shrine. In the lower Part of the firft Work, 
 the following Latin Verfes were engraven : 
 
 Con- 
 
48 The A N T I Q_ U I TIES 
 
 Contact hax Theca Bedse venerabiis olta, 
 Senium fa&ori Chriilus dedit atque datori : 
 Petrus opus fecit, Praful dedit hoc Hugo donum s 
 Sic in utroqu.e fuum, veneratus utrumque Patronum. 
 
 In Englifli," thus : 
 
 This Coffin doth contain the Bones of venerable Bede, 
 Chrilt to the Maker Senfe did give, and to the Giver 
 Gold : 
 
 One Peter franvd the Work, the Coll Biihop. Hugh 
 paid : 
 
 So Peter and Hugh, Patrons both, St Bcde inclos'd in 
 Mold. 
 
 Anno Mileno ter Centum, feptugeno 
 
 Poftquam Salvator carnem de Virgine fumpfit 
 
 Tranftulit hoc Feretrmn Cuthberti de prope tumba, 
 
 TiVius Ecdefiae Prior hue, pofcente Richardo 
 
 De Caftro dicTti Barnardi, cujus & o(Ta. 
 
 Nan procul hinc lapide fub marmoreo requiefcunt. 
 
 In Englifii, thus : 
 
 In the Year of our Lord, one thoufand three hun- 
 dred and feventy, Richard of Barnard- cafile, did 
 with Engernefs procure, That the, Bones of St. Bede 7 
 lying nigh St. Cuthberfs Shrine, fnould be tranflated 
 into the Gaiiley, there to remain. This Richard, de- 
 ceafed, for the Love he-had for St. Bede, ordered his 
 own Bones to be laid near him. 
 
 It appears in the Defcription of the State of the 
 Church of Durham, that the Bones of St. Bede were 
 firft laid in the Monaftry of Jarrow, and afterwards 
 brought to Durham, and placed in a golden Coffin on 
 the right Side of the Body of St. Cuthbert. 
 
 EdiridiiS; a Prleit in that Time, viz* 1020, did 
 affirm and certainly record, That one Coffin contained 
 
 both 
 
of Durham Abbe y. 49 
 
 both the Body of St. Citthbert, and the Bones of the 
 venerable Dr. Bede. 
 
 On the Stuth Side of the Galiley was St. Bede\ 
 Altar, before which his Bones and Reliques lay in- 
 terr'd under that Place where his Shrine was exalted,; 
 to whofe Memory an elegant Epitaph fairly written on 
 Vellum hangs upon the adjoining Wall. 
 
 The Reverend and Pious Sir George fVheler, Knight, 
 one of the Prebendaries of this Cathedral, and Rector of 
 yhughton-le-fpring, in this Diocefe and Neighbourhood, 
 a true Admirer of venerable Bede, had feveral of his 
 Children buried hear him, and Ordered his own Body to 
 be interred as near Bede's Tomb as it conveniently could , 
 \vithout violating the facred Allies : For whom his only 
 furviving Son, GrdnviUelVkekr, Efq; a true Inheritor of 
 his Father's Eftate, and eminentVirtues, erected a decent 
 Marble Monument in the Body of the Church, conti- 
 guous to the Wall, behind which the Body lies buried. 
 The Infcription we referve for a Place in the Appendix, 
 
 Adjoining to the Bottom of the great Window, in 
 the Weft End of the Galiley, was a fine Iron Pulpit, 
 with Iron Rails to fupporj: the Monks in going up, 
 of whom one did preach every Holiday and Sunday* 
 at One o'clock in the Afternoon. 
 
 At the Weft End of the South Angle was a Font for 
 baptizing of Children, when the Kingdom was inter- 
 dicted by the Pope ; which Thomas Langley, Birhop 
 of Durham, procured as a Privilege, upon fpecial Fa- 
 vour a,t the Pope's Hands. 
 
 In the IVeft^ End of the Galiley are four finely cc- 
 lour'd, and fnmptuoufly glaz'd Windows. 
 
 In the firft towards the South are three Lights ; the 
 Middle having in it the Picture of Chi iff, as he' was 
 crucified on the Crofs, curioufly painted on Glafs, 
 with the Sun and Moon abore the Head thereof; 
 in the higheft Part of which Light is the Picture of 
 
 F the 
 
TLe A n t i xi v j r i e s 
 
 the Star that appeared to the three Wife- men or Kings 
 underneath depictured, directing them to the Eajl to 
 fearch out the new-horn Child, jefus, the Holy One, 
 born betwixt an Ox and an Afs, to offer unto him 
 Oblations and Sacrifices, of Gold, Myrrh, and Frank- 
 mcenfe ; together with the Picture of the Virgin Mary, 
 with Chrift naked, fitting upon her Knee. 
 
 In the Light towards the Nvrth, is pictured in co- 
 loured Glafs, God Almighty, having in his Hand a 
 Ball or Globe, figttifyhig the Earth, Air, and Sea : 
 And under that the Salutation of the Angel Cabria 
 to the blelTed Virgin Mary ; and the Fixture of the 
 Holy Ghoft appearing to her in the Likenefs of a Dove. 
 
 In the Light towards the South is the Picture of 
 our blelTed Lady, as fhc was taken up into Heaven, 
 glorified, and crowned; and underneath a very lively 
 Picture of our bleiTed Lady, with Chrift new-born, 
 naked, fitting on her Knee, and fucking her Breaft. 
 
 In the fecond, containing fix fine Lights of Glafs, 
 fever'd, three above and three below. 
 
 The middle Light above contains the Picture of St. 
 Cuthhert, veiy lively colour'd in Glals, in his ordinary 
 Epifcopal Veftrnents to fay Mafs, with his Mitre on 
 his Head, aid having a Crofier, or Paftoral Staff, in 
 his Left Hand, and the Image of St. OfvsaU'% Head 
 painted on his Breaft, fupported with his, Right Hand, 
 in fine colour'd Glafs. Under his Feet is written in 
 the Grafs, Sanctus Cuthbertus quondam Lindisfarnen- 
 fis Epifcopus, hujus Ecclefis & Patriae maximus Pa- 
 tronus. — In Englim, thus : St. Cuthbert, formerly Bi- 
 fhop of Lindisfarney the chief Patron of this Chur.h 
 and Country. 
 
 The Light on the North Side of St. Cuthbcrt, has 
 the Piftm e of St. Bede, in his Blue Habit ; under his 
 Feet is wrote on the Glafs, Sanftus Beda, qui vitam St. 
 Cuthtartl, & Multa alia, ab Ecclefia approbata con- 
 
 Jcripfit ; 
 
ef D u R h a m Abb z j. 
 
 5- 
 
 feripfit; Cujus OfTa, in hac Capella in Feretro con- 
 ten ta — In Englifh, thus : St. Bede, who wrote the 
 Life of St. Cuthbert, and many other Things approved 
 of by the Church, whole Bones- are in a Coffin in this 
 Chapel. 
 
 The Light on the South Side of St. Cuthbcrt, hath 
 the Picture otdidanus the Bifiiop, in finecolour'd Giafs, 
 as he was accuflomed to fay Mais, with his Mitre on 
 his Head, and a Crofier Staff in his Left Hand. Under 
 hi~s Feet is written, Sanftus Aidanns Epifcopus Lin- 
 disfarnenfis Ecclefise primus ; prius in: hac Sanftiflima 
 Bunelmenfi Ecclefia, fait Prioratus.. — In Englifh, 
 thus : St. AuiamSy the firft Bifnop of Lindisfarnd. He 
 was before Prior in this- moft holy Church of Durham. 
 
 Under which three Lights, by Partitions, are three 
 very curious and larger Pictures-, in line colour'd 
 Glafs, containing- the Images of Aldanus, Edmundus, 
 and Eata\ three.- Bifhops of Lindisfarm, as they were 
 accuflomed to fay Mafs> with Mitres on their Reads, 
 and Crofier Staffs in their Left Bands. Under Eata s. 
 Picture is> S-an£his Eala Liudisnirnenfis Epifcopus. — 
 j&rEngli{h> thus.: St. Eata, Bifhop of Lindisfarne. 
 
 And above, in the higheft Part of this Window, 
 are fix little ghz'd Lights, in Tower Manner, in fine 
 colour'd Glafs* containing Part of the Hiftory of 
 Chrifi's Nativity, the Marriage in ■ Galilee y and his Mi- 
 racles, done upon Earth. 
 
 In the third Window are alfo fix Lights parted as 
 before; in the higheff Part are three Pictures, in fine 
 colour'd Gtef&; the Middle being the Image of the 
 bleffed Virgin Mary, with Chrift in her Arms, under- 
 whofe Feet is written, Sancla Maria.— In Englifh, 
 Saint Alary. 
 
 On the North Side of her is the Picture of St. Of. 
 maid, King, in colour'd Clafs, with a beautiful Croft 
 La his Hand ; under whofe Feet is, Sanclus Of\vaIdi» 
 E a turn 
 
5^ 
 
 The A NTIQ^UI TIES 
 
 Fundator fedis Epifcopalis Lindisfarnenfis, 'quaer nmt 
 eft Dunelmenfis : Cujus Anima in Feretro St. Cuthberti 
 eft humata,— In Englifh, thus : St. O/wa/d, Founder of v 
 theEpifcopal See of Lindisfarne, which is now the See 
 pf Durham. He lies buried in St. Cuthkrt's Feretory, 
 
 On the South Side of her is the Picture of holy 
 King Henry, in fine colaur'd Glafs, w;th his princely 
 Sceptre in his Hand; under whofe Feet is written, 
 Rex Henricus. — tn Englifh, King Henry. 
 
 Under thofe, in three large Lights, and firft oppo- 
 site to Sr. Mary is placed the Picture of Thomas Lang- 
 ley, Biihop, in curiouny coloured Glafs, with his 
 Mitre on his Head, and his Croikr 'Staff in his Hand, 
 as he ufed to fay Mafs, having his Arms excellently 
 blazoned above his Head ; he being the principal Be- 
 nefa£V>r in rebuilding this Galiley, as is recorded in 
 the Hiilory of the Monaftical Church of Durham; 
 under whom is written, Thomas I^angley, Rector 
 Ecclefise, ad honorem Dei, Epifcopus Dunelmenfis y 
 8c duas cantarias in eadem fundavit & dotavit. — In 
 Englifh, Thomas Langley, Rector of this Church, Bifhop> 
 of Durham, to the Honour of God, founded and en-, 
 dowed two Chanteries in it. 
 
 And under St. Ofwald's, is the Pifbure of Bifhop* 
 Wifridus, in fine colour'd Glafs, as he ufed to fay Mafs, 
 with his Mitre on his Head, and a Crofier Staff in 
 his Left Hand ; under whole Feet is, Sanftus Wilfri- 
 dus primo Lindisfarnenfis Monachus, poll Abbas Ri- 
 penfis, ultimo Archiepifcopus Eboracenfis ; vino anno* 
 rexit Epifcopatum Lindisfarnenfem.— In Englifh, St. 
 Wilfrid, at firft a Monk at Lindisfarne, afterwards 
 Abbot of Ripon, and at laft Archbifhop of Tork. He 
 prefided one Year in the Bifhoprick of Lindisfarne. 
 
 And under King Henry is the Picture of Bifhop 
 Cedda, in fine colour'd Glafs, as accuftorned to fay Mafs, 
 his Mitre being en his Head,, and a Crofier Staff in 
 
 his 
 
cf D u K' jr< a m Abbey, 
 
 5*5 
 
 his Left Haad v all exquifitely adorn d : Unler hk 
 Feet, Sanftns Ceida, prinio Lindisfarnenfis- Monar- 
 ch us, poll: Abbas in Eeftinghara, tribas annis rexlt 
 Archiepifcopatum Eboracenfem, & etiam rexit Epi£ 
 copatuai Lichfeldenfem. — in Eppgiiih, St. Cedda, at 
 firft a Monk at Undisfarne, afterwai ds Abbot ot" 
 tejingharm He prefided three Years in the Arch- 
 bifhoprick of Ycrk, and alfo in the Bifhopriek of Litcb? 
 Jell 
 
 'In tins Window, above the former, are fix little 
 glaz'd Tower Windows, representing the Flight of 
 jofilh and Mary with our Saviour into Egypt, being 
 purfued by- Hercd, together with moft Part of the 
 Story thereof. 
 
 In the fourth Window alfo there are fix line 
 Lights, fever' d as before, containing in the higher 
 Part three large Pictures in three Lights, mo ft ex- 
 actly fafhioned, being the Images of three holy Kings s 
 gpat Benefactors to- the Church, and to St. Cuthbzrt, 
 viz. Alurcd, Guthred. and Elfrid, in their Royal Ap- 
 parel, with Scepters in their Hands, in fine coloured 
 Glafs ; of whole Liberality and Munificence, St. Be&'s 
 Hiftory makes Mention. 
 
 Under them are, in large Pictures, in fine coloured 
 Glafsj three Bi (hops of Lindisfanic, as they ufed to 
 fay Mafs with -Mitres on their Heads, and Crofier 
 Staffs in their Left Hands : Under their Feet is to be 
 feen, Sanftus Egfridus Lindisfarnenfis. Sanctus 
 Ethel wold us Lmdiirarnenfis; — In Engttff^ St. E^frid 
 of- Lhullsfa me . St. Ethchvold, . of Lindisf 1 mc. 
 
 Under the third, no writing to be feen, but Epifcppw. 
 
 In the higheft Part of this Window are fix - little 
 Tower Windows, finely colour'd and glazed, con- 
 taining the moll Part of the Story of Chafi's Death, 
 Burial, Refurreelion, and Alcenlion, moft excellently 
 pi-flared and defcribeJ, in fine colour'd Glafs. 
 
 J 3. ¥bt 
 
54 
 
 JThe Antiquities 
 
 The Cvjlom f the Church of Durham- in burying cf 
 Monks, 
 
 The Monk, as foon as he was feized with Sicknefs, 
 was conveyed, with all his Furniture, &c. from his 
 Chamber in the Dormitory, to another in the Far- 
 mery, or Infirmary, in order to have both Fire, and 
 more convenient Attendance ; no- Fire being allowed 
 in the Dormitory. 
 
 And when his Attendants perceived that he could 
 not live, they fent for the Prior's Chaplain, who ftaid 
 with him till he yielded up the Ghoft : Then the 
 Barber was fent for, whofe Office it was to put dawn 
 the Cloths and uncover him, and to put on his Fcet- 
 focks and Boots, and to wind him in his Cowl and 
 Habit. Thence he is immediately carried to a Cham- 
 ber, called the Dead Man*s Chamber, in the Infir- 
 mary, there to remain till Night. The Prior's Chap- 
 lain, as foon as he was conveyed to die Dead Man's- 
 Chamber, locked the Chamber Door where he died, 
 and carried the Key to the Prior. At Night he was 
 removed from the Dead Man's Chamber into St. An- 
 drew's Chapel, adjoining to the {aid Chamber and I»- 
 ^rmary, there to remain till Eight o*Clock in the Mora- 
 rag, the Chapel being a Place ordained only for folemn 
 Devotion. The Night before the Funeral two Monks, 
 at her in Kindred or Kindnefs nearefi to him, were 
 appointed by the Prior to be efpecial Mourners, and 
 ":6 fit all Night on their Knees at die dead Corpfe'a 
 feet ; and the Children of the AMrfery fitting on their 
 Knees, in Stalls on either Side of him, were to read 
 Davids Pfalms till Eight in the Morning, when the 
 Corpfe was carried to the Chapter-houfe, where the 
 Prior and the whole Convent met it, and there laid 
 their Dirge and Devotion ; none being permitted to 
 approach die Chapter-houfe during the Time of their 
 
 Devotion 
 
of D u k h a m Abbe y. 55 
 
 Devotion and Prayers for his ScuL When their 
 Devotion was ended, the Corpfe was carried by the 
 Monks from- the Chapter- houfe through the Parlour, 
 the Place, where Merchants ufed to utter their Wares, 
 ftanding betwixt the Chapter-hoiife and the Church 
 Door, and fo through the laid Parlour into theCentry- 
 garth' where he was buried, and a Chalice of Wax 
 hid upon his Breaft-, having his Blue Bed held over 
 his Grave by four Monks, during the Funeral : Which 
 Bed is due to the Barber for his Duty aforefaid, and 
 his making the Grave. • At the Time of his Burial, 
 only one Peal was rung. 
 
 The Cvftctn cf burying Priors, 
 
 The Priors of the Houfe of Durham, were accuf- 
 tomed in ancient Time, to- be buried in their Boots, 
 and wound in their Cowls by the Barber, as the 
 Monks ufed to be buried. The dead Prior was carried 
 out of his Lodgings in the Priory, to the Chamber ire 
 the Infirmary, called the Dead Man's Chamber, ther; 
 to remain a certain Time : At Night he was carried 
 into a Chapel oppofrte to that Chamber Door, called 
 St. Andrew's Chapel, and was watched all that Night 
 by the Children of the Almery, reading David's Pfalms 
 over him ; and two Monks eiiher of Kindred or Kind- 
 nefs, were appointed to fit all Night at his Feet, 
 mourning for him. In the Morning he was carried 
 into the Chapter-houfe, where the lame folemn Ser- 
 vice was performed for him, which the Monks had 
 at their Burial ; thence he was carried through the 
 Parlour into the Centry-garth to be buried, where 
 every Prior lay -under a fine Marble Stone : And the 
 Monks and Barber buried him with a little Chalice of 
 Silver, other Metal, or Wax, which was laid upoi his 
 Breaft within the Coffin, and his Blue Bed was held 
 over him by four Monks till he was buried, which 
 
 the 
 
$6 The A n t i q, u i t r e s 
 
 the Barber had for his Pains for making the Grave-, 
 and burying him, as he had for the Monks. 
 
 Afterwards the Priors were buried within the 
 Church, and not in the Gentry-garth,,, in the lame 
 Order and Habit, with the Mitre, and all other Fur- 
 niture, as their Predeceflbrs were buried' before them 
 in the Centry-gartlv in every Refpe<5b as aforelaid. 
 They were great Benefactors to the Church, both 
 during their Lives* and at their Deaths, as is fhewn 
 more at large, in the Hiftory of the Church. . 
 
 The Names cf the Priors 'Durham burled vcithin tht 
 Abbey Church. 
 
 John Fcjjvr was the firft Prior that attempted to 
 be buried within the Abbey Church, out of the 
 Centry-garth. 
 
 Robert B'erringt on de Walworth, Prior, who iirft ob- 
 tained the Ufe of the Mitre, with the Crofier Staff 
 
 John Hcmmingburgh, John IVafblngton, William Ehr 
 chejler, John Bumby, Robert Ebchejler y John Auckland, 
 and Thomas Cajlell* 
 
 Hugh Whitehead died at Lmdon, and lies buried in 
 the Church of the Minorites, near the Tower. He 
 was the laft-Prior of the Church oi Durham, and the. 
 firft Dean. 
 
 The Bifhops .of Durham ufed in ancient Times t$ 
 be buried in the Chapter-houfe, which ftands in the 
 Eajl Alley cf the CJcyfters^ they not prefuming to 
 lie nearer the holy Body of St'. Cuthbert. Their Names 
 are engraven upon the Stones under which they lie, 
 with a Crofs at the Beginning of each Name. 
 
 Aidanus Bifhop oi Lindisfarne, who died in, the Year 
 of our Lord 651. 
 
 Aldunus or Aldwinus, Bifhop. The iirft Bifhop of 
 Durham, and firft Founder , of the Abbey Church, 
 A. D. 900,. 
 
^Durham Abbey. 57 
 
 Edmund, by Chance> elecled Bifhop, when the 
 Monks disagreed among themfelves. He died at 
 &kuceftgr % and was translated thence to be buried in 
 the Chapter-houfe at Durham, A. D. 1048. 
 Eared, Bifhop, under the fame Stone. 
 Walter, Bifhop, under the lame Stone with Aldunus, 
 without his Name inscribed, was buried very private- 
 ly, being flain in Gatefbead Church by the Northum- 
 brians, A. D. 10S 1. 
 
 William I. de Karilepho. He, with Malcolm, King of 
 Scots, and Turgot, Prior of this Church, having firft 
 pulled down the Qhurch built by Aldunus, laid the 
 Foundation of the prefent Church, July 30, or, as. 
 others, Auguji 11, 1093.. 
 
 Ranulph, Bifhop* 
 
 Alfrid, Bifhop. 
 
 William, Bifhop. 
 
 Hugh, Pudfey Bifhop. 
 
 Philip, Bifhop. 
 
 Richard, of Marifco, Bifhop. 
 
 Nicholas, of Far nh am, Bifhop. 
 
 Walter, of Kir kham, Bifhop. 
 
 Robert Stkhel, Bifhop. 
 
 Robert, of the I fie, Bifhop, 1283.. 
 
 Richard, of Kellow, Bifhop, 13 16. 
 Thefe two lie buried before the Bifhop's Seat, under 
 two fine Marble Stones, with their Images in Brafs, 
 curioufly engraven, but now defaced. 
 
 Turgot, Prior of Durham, made Bifhop of St. 
 Andrews, in Scotland, by King Malcolm, 1100. He 
 wrote the Lives of Queen Margaret, and Malcolm her 
 Hufbaud, in the Scottifb Tongue. Upon his Re- 
 qaeft at his Death, his Body 'was carried to Dur- 
 ham, and lies buried among the Bifhops in the Chap- 
 ter-houfe^ 
 
 In 
 
58 
 
 The A K T I <i u r T I E s 
 
 In the faid Chapter-houfe/ at the Upper EncT, is 
 a fine Stall, or Seat of Stone, where the Bifhops have 
 always been, and continue to be inflalled \ it being 
 alfo the Place where the Bifhop fits, when he keeps 
 his Vifitation for the Cathedral Church. Next to it 
 a Chair of Wood is fattened in the Wall, where the 
 Priors did, and the Deans now fit, at that Vifitation. 
 
 In the South Side of the faid Chapter-houfe was a 
 Prifon, to which fuch Monks were committed for a 
 certain Time, who had committed any flight Offences 
 among themfelves. 
 
 In the faid Chapter-houfe, above the great Door, 
 is a fine Glafs Window, containing the Offspring of 
 the Pvoot of Jejje, la very finely coloured Glafs, arti- 
 ficially wrought and pictured : On the Top is the 
 Piftureof theblefled Virgin, with Chrift in her Arms. 
 
 The Cuftom of burying Bijlops in the Cbapter-hovji. 
 
 The Bifhops of Durham, when they died, were 
 brought to the Abbey Church of Durham to be in- 
 terred ; and the Prior Wid Monks met the Corpfe at 
 the Church-yard Gates on the Place Green, where 
 they received and carried him through the Church in- 
 to the Chapter-houfe to be buried : At which was 
 ufed great Solemnity and Devotion by the Prior and 
 Monks of the Church, according to the ancient ChP 
 torn of burying Bifhops in old- Times. The Cuftom 
 then was, to bury them with their: Albe, Stole, and 
 Phannel, and their ether Vcfhnents wherein they ufed 
 to fay Mafs, a Mitre on the Htadj aad a Crofier Staff 
 in the Hand, and fa Lak£ in the Coffin, with a little 
 Chalice of Silver, other Metal, or Wax,; which Wax 
 Chalice was giit finely about the Edge, and the Knobs 
 iii the Midft of the Shank of the Chalice, and about 
 the. Edge of the Pattea or Cover, and the Bafe of k 
 
D u r h a hi Abbey. 59 
 
 ftfib was glided; which Chalice was fet upon his Bread 
 in the Coffin, and its Cover nail'd down, and very 
 folemn Service performed at the Funeral. 
 
 Tbe Prior and Monks had the Horfcs, Chariot, 
 and all other Things that came with the deceafed Bi- 
 ihop, fuch Things being due to them by ancient Cuf- 
 tom, as appears in the Hiftory of the Church of Dur- 
 ham at large. 
 
 But afterwards the Bhliops were buried in the Ab- 
 6ey Church, and were interred as they ufecT to fay 
 Mafs, with all the Furniture belonging thereto, as' 
 their PredccefTors were in the Chapter-houfe. Thefe 
 Bifhops were great Benefactors to the laid Church, 
 both during their Lives and at their Death, as is 
 largely fet forth in the Hiftory of the Church. 
 
 The Names of the Bi/hops of Durham buried within 
 the Abbey Church, 
 
 Anthony Beek, Bifhop of Durham, and Patriarch of 
 Jervfalem, was the firft that ever attempted to be 
 buried in the Abbey Church, near to the facred Body, 
 and Shrine of St. Cuthbert. 
 
 Louis Beaumont, Bifliop. 
 
 Pachard, of Bury, Bifhop. 
 
 Thomas Hatfield, Bifhop. 
 
 Walter Sklrlavj, Bifhop. 
 
 Robert Nevil, Bifhop. 
 Cuthbert Tun/la!, Biihop, being deprived of his Bff- 
 lhoprick by Queen Elizabeth, was kept Prifoner in 
 the Archbiftiop'of Canterbury's Houfe at Lambeth, 
 where he died a profefs'd Cathohck, and lies buried 
 under a beautiful Marble Stone in the Parfth Church 
 of Lambeth, where he was confederated Biftiop forty 
 Years before. 
 
 At the EaPt End of the Chapter-houfe, and on 
 'he South Side of the Quire, there is at Yard called 
 
 the 
 
6o 
 
 The Antiquities 
 
 the Centry-garth, where all the Priors and Monks 
 were buried. In this Garth was a Vault, made with 
 Mafon Work of Free Stone on each Side ; and at 
 -either End, and over the Midft of the faid Vault, did 
 lie a fine Through, and at each Side of the Stone it 
 was open, thiongh which were call the Bones of the 
 Monks, whofe Graves were opened for other Monks 
 to lie in ; which Vault was made to be a Charnel* 
 houfe, to put dead Men's Bones in. 
 
 There were many Gentlemen of great Worth biu 
 ricd in the Centry-garth, becaufe they defired to He 
 near holy St Cuthbert ; and among others was a Gen- 
 tleman of good Repute, called Mr Racket, (who was 
 buried in the faid Centry-garth, near the Door going 
 into the Nine Altars, oppolite to the holy Man St. 
 Cuthberfs Shrine) who had a fine Tomb of White 
 Marble, whereon he w r as pictured in Brafs, in his 
 Coat of Armour, and his Sword girt about him ; and 
 at every Corner of the Marble Stone was an Evangelifl: 
 in Brail likewife. 
 
 There was another Gentleman, called Mr. Elmeden> 
 who was buried in the faid Garth, without the Nine 
 Altars Doer, with a fine Tomb-ftone upon him : And 
 xiivers other Gentlemen were buried there, whofe Me- 
 mories and Monuments are perifhed. 
 
 The Priors buried in the Centry-garth had each 
 one a Tomb-ftone, either of Marble or Free Stone* 
 which Dean iVhittingham caus'd to be pull'd down* 
 and taken away ; and broke and defaced all fuch 
 Stones as had any Pictures of Brafs, or other Imagery 
 Work, or Chalices wrought upon them ; and the Reft 
 he took away, and employed them to his own Ufe, in 
 making -a Wafhing-houfe with them at the End of 
 the Centry-garth for his LaundrefTes ; fo that it cannot 
 now be difcerned that any have been buried in the 
 Centry-garth, it being fo plain and level. That Dean 
 
 CDllld 
 
of Dure a m A b e e y. 
 
 61 
 
 could not endure any ancient Monuments ; fo (hewed 
 no RefpeQ to the Memory of his Predecefibrs. 
 
 Within the Abbey Church were two Marble Holy- 
 water Stones, bofs'd with hollow BofTes, on the Out- 
 fides thereof curioufly wrought : That at the North 
 Door was twice as capacious as the other at the South 
 Door, both of the fame Workmanmrp. Thele were 
 taken away by Dean Whltlingham, and removed into 
 his Kitchen, and employ'd to prophane Ufes. They 
 flood there during his Life : His Servants lleeped 
 their Beef and Salt Fifti in them, there being a Con- 
 veyance in the Bottoms to let out the Water, as they 
 had when in the Church. After that Dean's Death 
 the greater was removed to the lower End of the 
 Dean's Buttery, where the Water Conduit is, and 
 next unto the Wine Cellar, for the Servants to wafli 
 their Pots and Cups in, before they ferved them at 
 Table. The Bafe of the great Holy-water Stoae was 
 laid without the North Church Door, and afterwards 
 placed in the Earth, in Lamb's Shop, the Black- fmith, 
 upon Frajuvjelgat? Bridge End, where it is now to be 
 feen. 
 
 Moreover, Mrs. Whlttingham, after her Hufbancl 
 the Dean's Death, took away the lefter Holy-water 
 Stone out of the Deanry Kitchen, and had it let in 
 the Kitchen in her own Houfe, in North Bailey, op- 
 polite to the Deanry Orchard, at the Eajl End of the 
 Cathedral. She likewife carried from the Centry- 
 garth feveral Grave-itones of Blue Marble, and other 
 Tomb- f tones that lay upon the Priors and Monks, 
 when (he built her faid Houfe in the B alley. Some 
 of them were laid in the Threfliolds of the Doors, 
 and two great ones without the Doors, oppofite 
 to her Front; for which fhe was complained of: So 
 Ihe laid thofe Stones without the Door, which be- 
 fore were made Y/alhfaft within her Houfe. Thus 
 
 G thef- 
 
6z T'he A N T I Q. U I T IE s 
 
 thefe Monuments erefted to perpetuate the Memories 
 of good Men, were by her defaced, and employed in 
 prophane Ufes. 
 
 In the Centry-garth, under the South End of the 
 Nine Altars, betwixt two Pillars adjoining to the Nine 
 Altars Door, was a Song-fchool, erefted for the teach- 
 ing fix Children to fing, for the Maintenance of God's 
 Service in the Abbey Church, who had their Meat 
 and Drink among the Children of the Almery, at the 
 Expence of the Houfe : This School was built with 
 the Church, and was neatly wainfcotted within, 
 round about, two Yards high, and had a Defk from 
 one End of the School to the other to lay their Books 
 on : The Floor was boarded for Warmnefs, and round 
 about it long Forms were fattened in the Ground for the 
 Children to fit on; and the Place where the Mafter fat 
 and taught was all clofe boarded for Warmnefs. His 
 Office was to teach the fix Children to fing, and play 
 on the Organs every principal Day, when the Monks 
 fang their High Mafs, and at Even Song ; but when 
 the Monks were at Mattens, and Service at Midnight, 
 one of them played on the Organs himfelf, and none 
 elfe. The Mafter had his Chamber adjoining to the 
 Song-fchool, where he lodg'd, and his Diet in the 
 Prior's Hall, among the Prior's Gentlemen, and his 
 other Neceflaries were fuppiied at the Common Charge, 
 till the Suppreffion of the Houfe, when the School was 
 pull'd down ; fo it is' difficult to find where it 
 flood. 
 
 Of St. CuthbertV Death, and the Traiiflaticn of his 
 Body to Durham. 
 
 On the 20th of the Calends of March, in the Year 
 of Chfift, 687, St. Cuthbert ended his Life, and was 
 buried in Holy I/land, where he was Eiftiop three 
 Years, in St. Peter's Church, by the Altar, in a Grave 
 
 of 
 
/Durham Abbey. 
 
 of Stone, purpofely made for him. Eleven Years after 
 he was taken out of the Ground, on the 20 th of the Ca- 
 lends of March : His Body was found fafe, uncorrupted, 
 flexible, and only like one afleep, with all his Mafs 
 Cloaths whole and frefh, as when firft put on him : 
 At which Time they enfhrined him in a new Sepul- 
 chre, or Feretory, above the Pavement of the Churchy 
 where he flood a long Space. 
 
 He is faid to be descended from the Blood Royal of 
 the Kings of Ireland, being Son of one Muriardach, and 
 Sabina his Wife, a King's Daughter: He was educated 
 in the Abbey of Mailrofe, fu lf under Eata y and then 
 under Boifik who fucceeded Rata, After Boi/iPs Death? 
 he was made Abbot of that Monaftry, which he go- 
 verned with- great Care and Sincerity. He was An- 
 chorite thirteen Years, a Monk thirty-ieven Years, and 
 Abbot fourteen- Yearsv- 
 
 Afcerwards Bifhop Eardulpbus, and the Abbot £4- 
 drea\ about the Year 890, carried away St. CuihberCs, 
 holy Body from Holy Ijland, and fled with it South? 
 ward feven Years, from Town to Town, on Account 
 of the great Perfecutions and Devaftations of the Danes 
 and other Pagans, not only in Northumberland, but in 
 many other Parts of England. The Men of the Ifiand 
 and Shire, when they law the Body of their St, Cuih- 
 bert was gone, left their Poflefnons and. Goods,, 
 and followed him : When the Bifhop, the Abbot, and 
 the Reft, weary with travelling in fuch Dangers, en- 
 tertain'd Thoughts of carrying, the Saint into Ireland, 
 for his better Security ; and being upon thye Sea in a 
 Ship, three Waves were miraculoufly turned into 
 Blood, and the Ship was fuddenly driven back by a 
 Tempeft upon the Shore, and by the Violence of the 
 Winds and raging Waves, caft upon one Side, where- 
 by the Book of the holy Evangelifts, curiouily writ- 
 ten, and adorned with Gold and precious Stones on the' 
 <^ % Cover, 
 
$4 A N T I U I T I E S 
 
 Cover, fell out of the Ship, to the Bottom of the Sea. 
 This Difaftcr affe&ed them fore, but St. Cziihbert ap* 
 peared in a Vifioii to Hendredus, one of his Monks,, 
 and commanded them to fearch the Shore for the Book 
 loft at Sea, three Miles from Land. They did as, 
 they were admonhhed* and fyxrnd- it much more 
 beautiful than before, both within and without, being 
 no Way injured by the. Salt Water, but rather, po- 
 Bfhed by fome heavenly Hand, which did not a little 
 incrcafe their Joy. Being weary with feeking the 
 Book, and with bearing. the Saint's Body, lie presented 
 to their Eyes a Bridie hanging on a Tree, and a Red 
 I lorfe running towards them,, that offered himfelf to 
 be bridled, to eafe their Labour in Carrying the Chcft 
 wherein St. Cuthherfs Body by : Upon which Horfe 
 they carried him to Crake Minftcr, and refted there 
 four Months with the Body, which they afterwards 
 brought to Cuneagejirc, now ChJlrr-le-Jlrcet, Anno. 
 887, where they remained 113 Years, during the 
 Reft of the Dajiifij War. Towards the End thereof, 
 jdlchvinus, the Bifhop, fled with St. Cuihbcrfs Body 
 t6 Ripvn, to lay it by the Body of St. Wilfrid : But 
 fbiir Months after- their Arrival at Ripen, the Dani/Jj 
 War ceas'd, and they intended to bring him again to 
 Chefer ; and coming with him on the Eafl Side of 
 Durham, to . a Place call'd Wardenlawc, they could not 
 with all their Force remove his Body further, for it 
 Teemed faftened to the Ground'; which ftrange and. 
 unforefeen Accident produced great Aftoni foment in 
 the Hearts of the Bifhop, the Monks, and their Afi 
 fociates ; whereupon they failed and prayed three 
 Days with great Devotion, to know by Revelation, 
 from God, what to do with the holy Body, which 
 was foon granted to them, it being revealed to Ead- 
 rncr, a virtuous Man, that he fliould be carried to 
 J$mfjc£}tfj where he was . to b*e received to a Place of 
 
 , Reft. 
 
^'Durham Abbey, 
 
 *5 
 
 Reft. They were again in great Diflrefs, in not know- 
 ing where Dunhduic lay ; but as they proceeded, a 
 Woman wanting her Cow, called aloud to her Com- 
 panion, to know if (lie had feen her ? Who anfwered, 
 She was in DwMnie. This was an happy and hea- 
 venly Sound to the diftrefled Monks, who thereby had 
 Intelligence that their Journey's End was at Hand, 
 and the Saint's Body near its Refting-place ; there- 
 upon with great Joy they arrived with his Body at 
 Bunholme, in the Year 997. It was a barbarous • 
 and rude Place, covered with nothing but Thorns and 
 thick Woods, the Middle Part only excepted, where 
 the Church now Hands, which was plain and commo- 
 dious for their Purpofe. Here they erected a little 
 Church of Wan is and Branches, wherein they laid 
 .the Body, till a more fumptuous Church could be 
 fi'mihed, wherein they might inftirine him : This they 
 eflayed to do with all their Power. Utbred, King of 
 Northumberland \ affiiled them, and caufed the Coun- 
 try People to cut down the Wood and Thorn Bufties 
 which molefted them, and fc made all the Place where 
 the City now ftands, habitable, and fit to erect Build- 
 ings upon. This gave great Encouragement to AH? 
 wmus, the Bifhop, to haflen the Finifhing of this 
 Church ; which accordingly being done, he tranfiated 
 the Body of St. Cuthbert from the Wanded or Bough 
 Church, to the White Chapel which he had newly* 
 built, which was a Part of the great Church, not then. 
 fiinfliecl> where it lay four Years ; but after the great 
 Church v/as finifhed and confecrated, on the 20th of 
 September he tranfiated the Body out or the White ■ 
 Chapel into the great Church, which he made a Ca- - 
 thedra], and erected his Bi (hop's See at Durham, where 
 it continues. Bifhop Aldwinus died three Years after ' 
 he had eftabUflied * the Bilhop's See in Durham, and 
 fiaiftied his Cathedral Church" in the Year 1020. This • 
 G 3 Chuich/i 
 
66 Wm. A n t i <i u i t i k i 
 
 Church was famous for the SucceiTion of fix BHhopi. 
 ill it, viz. EdmunchiS) Eadredus, Egelric, Egehvinc,. 
 IVahhcws, and IVilliam Carilpfho, or Carilef. The laft- 
 mentioned magnificat Prelate not being content with 
 the Smaltaefs and H<imelmefs of the Edifice which 
 /ildwivAis erccled, as being too little for. fo greac a 
 Saint, pulled it down 76 Years after /Advnnus had 
 foifhed it; and inflead thereof, erected the magnifr 
 cent rind famous Structure frill remaining Himfelf, 
 ■Tvrgjt the Prior, and Malcolm King of Stotland, laid 
 the firft three Stones in the Foundation, on the 30th, 
 of jz/^i or Jigllfi ii 5 1093. This Bifhop caufed 
 the Plonks to labour daily in the holy Work, Meal- 
 times, Prayer, and Service only excepted. King Ma!-- 
 cohi was the chief Benefactor towards the Building ; - 
 rnd- before the People, conftituted Prior Target Arch- 
 deacon and Vicar General in his Diocefe. The Bifhop 
 went to Rome two Years before his Death, and ob- 
 tained Licence of Pope Gregory Y1I. to remove ths 
 Monks- of the Benediftine Order from Wearnmith and : 
 Jarroiv, to the Cathedral of Durham, where he placed/ 
 them in the F.ooms of the. Canons, expelled for their- 
 lewd and lazy Lives. He died in 1095, the fecond 
 Year after laying the Foundation. His Succefibr, Ra~ 
 mdph Flambord, favoured and vigoroufly promoted that^ 
 excellent work, and in the twenty-nine Years he con- 
 tinued Bhhop, built the fame from the Foundation al- 
 niofr. to the Covering; but it<was not fully finifhed tilt 
 Nicu'as Farnhanh Bifhop, and Thomas Melfonby, Prior, 
 two worthy Perfons, arched it over in 1242, and both ' 
 tie buried under one Stone in the Chapter-houfe, 
 However, Jong before the Church was finifhed, St, 
 CuthbcrfS Body was again tranCated by Biihop Pa- 
 iTldphj from the Cloyfter- garth, wherein Bifhop WU+ 
 Ham CfrnUph erected a farnptuous Tomb for it, at the 
 removing xt out. of Biihop Akuhwis old Church, then- 
 
 demor- 
 
Cf D V R H A M A B B E Y. 6j 
 
 temollfhed, to make Way for the Foundation of the 
 prefent Fabrick. 
 
 In this new Church was ere&ed a fine and fump- 
 tuous Shrine., called the Feretory, about three Yards 
 from the Ground, behind the High Altar, at the Ea/l 
 End of the Quire, where his Body was fciemnly placed 
 in an Iron Cheit within the laid Shrine, where it lay 
 quietly without Moleilatron, till the Suppreffion of 
 the Church And the Book of the four Evangelifts 
 which fell into the Sea, and was fo miracuioufiy landed 
 and found again, was laid on the High Altar, as a fit 
 Monument to preferve the Memory of fo great a Saint, 
 
 And becaufe thefe holy Bifhopr and Monks would 
 not be unmindful even of fmail Favours done them, 
 and for the Honour of their holy Saint, Ald-winus, and 
 Ranidpb Flamberd, as Bifhop William Carilepb intended 
 at building the new Church, on the Out fide of the 
 North Weft Turret of the Nine Altars, erected the Mo- 
 nument of a Milk-maid milking her Cow, in grateful 
 Commemoration of that Maid, who fo fortunately, in 
 their great - Perplexity, directed them to Dunbohie,. 
 where the Body of their great Saint was to reft until 
 the llefurred'tton : Which Monument, though defaced 
 by the Weather, is vilible at this Time. 
 
 The Tomb creeled in. the Chyfier -garth by Bijhop Cari- 
 lepb, till the Shrine wasjfim/hed in the nevj Churchy 
 to receive St. Cuthbert'jr Body. 
 
 William Carilepb, Bifhop cf Durham, before he took 
 down Bifhop Jldivinnfs old Fabrick, prepared a fine 
 and beautiful Tomb of Stone in the Cloyifer-gai (h, a 
 Yard above the Ground, where St. Cuthberi was depo- 
 rted, (in Expectation of a Shrine in the new Church) 
 over which was laid a large and beautiful broad Mar- 
 ble. But when his Body was tranflated tp the Fere- 
 tory, where it was inihrin'd, in liono^bf him w as 
 
 made 
 
63 
 
 The A M t i quit- r E s 
 
 made a large and curious Marble Image,, repreien'ir^ 
 St. Cuthbcrt, finely pictured with beautiful Gilding 
 and Painting, in the Form he was wont to lay Mais, 
 with his Mitre on his Head, and a Ciofier Staff in nis 
 Hand, and his Vefhnents. curioufly engraven., which, 
 was placed upon the Tomb-ftone as foon as his Body 
 was infhrined in the new Church, and round the famo 
 were, fet up wooden. Stanchels, fo clofe that a Man 
 could not put his. Hand between them, fo could onlt 
 look through it, to vitw that exquifite Picture lying 
 within. It was covered above with Lead, no: ttnlilie 
 a Chapel. This elegant Monument flood oppofite to 
 the Parlour Door through which the Monks were car- 
 ried into the Ccntry-garth to be. buried, now turn'J 
 into a Store-houfe, having Rooms above where the 
 Regifler- office is kept. Scon after the Supprcffion of 
 the Abbey, Dem.IIome demolished this fine Monu- 
 ment, venerable for its Antiquity, converting the Lead, 
 Wood, and Stones to his own Ufe ; hut the Image of 
 St. Cuthbert he left perfect, . laying it on one Sid© 
 againft the Cloyfler Wall before the laid Parlour Door. 
 But when. Dean JVMttingham hzgzn to govern, he 
 caufed this Image, as he did many other ancient Mo^ 
 numents, to be defaced and broken in Pieces, teini 
 unwilling that any Monument erected in Memory of 
 the holy St. Cuthbert, a Perfonfent hither by the Will 
 of Almighty God, to be the Occaiion of building this 
 monaflical Church and Houfe (or of others formerly 
 famous in this Church or Benefactors to it, as the ■ 
 Priors his Predeceffors had been, and from whom he 
 and his SucceiTors derived' the Conveniencies and Coin- 
 fcrts of Life) fhould remain imdefaced. . 
 
 The Eaft Alley of the Cloyjlers*. 
 
 Many Years raffed from the Foundation of the 
 Church to. the. Time of . Biihop Skirlaw and Bifhop ■ 
 
 Langley, , 
 
of Durham Abbe y. 69 
 
 famgley^ who were the Founders and Builders of the 
 {aidlcioyfters. The nrft gave two hundred Pounds 
 in, his Life-time, and by Will four hundred Pounds, 
 for that Parpofe.' The fecond gave eight hundred 
 and thirty-eight Pounds, Seventeen Shillings, and Six- 
 pence. Thefe two were at all the Charge of the 
 Building and Workmanfhip, and were the firft who 
 caufed to be printed on the Glafs in the Windows 
 frgm the Cloyfbr Door to the Church Door, the 
 whole Story and Miracles of the holy Man St. Cuthbert, 
 from the Day of his Nativity to his Death. There 
 you might have feen his Mother lying in her Child-bed, 
 and after file was delivered, the brighteft Beams (hone 
 from Heaven upon her, and upon the Child lying in 
 the Cradle, as if, to aU Appearance, the Holy Ghoft 
 had overfhadow'd them ; for whofosver faw it thought 
 the whole Houfe had been all on Fire, the Beams did 
 fo illuminate every Thing both within and without, 
 Alfo how the Bifhop baptized the Child, called his 
 Name Yullock, in the Info Language, in Englifb, Cuth- 
 bsrt. The Bifhop who baptized, and had the keeping 
 of the virtuous and godly Child, was called Etigmius ; 
 and the City where this was done was named Hardbre* 
 canb, for he was blefled of God from his Mother's Womb, 
 Every Miracle he afterwards did* from his Infancy, 
 was placed in the faid Windows by itfelf, having un- 
 derneath feveral Latin Verfes, explaining the Meaning 
 of each of them. Afterwards, in King Edward the 
 Sixth's Days, this HiTtory was taken down by Dean 
 Home, and broken to Pieces, for he could never en- 
 dure the ancient Monuments, Acts, or Deeds, that 
 gave any Light to true Religion. 
 
 Alio in the Ceiling of this Cloyfter is carved or 
 cut out in the Wainfcot, the Anns of many Bi(hbps; 
 Noblemen, Knights, and other M&1 of Renown, who 
 bad liberally bedewed Gifts on the Church. 
 
 There 
 
70 The Antiquities 
 
 There was a godly Ceremony practiced by the Prior 
 and Monks every Maundy Tkiirfday, viz. the Tburfday 
 before EaJIer. Eighteen aged poor Men were appointed 
 to come to the Cloyfter that Day, having their Feet 
 firft clean waftied, there to remain till the Prior and 
 the Convent came, which was about Nine o'Clock. 
 They fat between the Parlour Door and the Church 
 Door, on a long Form, which ftood always in the 
 Church, beyond the Veftry Door, and was only 
 brought out into the Cloyfter on Maundy Tburfday. 
 The Prior and Convent being come, after Prayers 
 one of the Prior's Servants brought a Bafon full of 
 clean Water, and the Prior waftied the poor Men's: 
 Feet, one after another, with his own Hands, and 
 dried them with a Towel, apd kifTed them. When 
 he had done this, he liberally beftowed Thirty Pence, 
 in Money, on each of them, and feven Red Herrings 
 a-piece ; and ferved them hirnfelf with Drink, three 
 Loaves of Bread, and certain Wafer-cakes. The 
 Office being over, the Form was removed to its Place 
 again, for Men to fit upon in Time of Divine Service. 
 Since the DiiTolution of the Houfe, it was placed under 
 the Te Deum Window and the Clock. 
 
 At going out of the Cloyfters, through an Entry 
 into the Deanry, at the Top of the Stairs, behind the 
 Door called the Ufher-Door, on the Right Hand, was 
 another Door going into the Regifter, wherein certain 
 old written Books of the Records and Evidences of the 
 Monaftical Houfe of Durham were laid ; as alio a Copy 
 of the Foundation of Greatham Iff capital, which was 
 alfb- regiftered in the faid Book of Records, and there 
 to be found, fhould any Misfortune happen to (he 
 faid Foundation of Grcatham Hofpital. The Keeper 
 of the faid Regifter-houfe was called George Bakes ; 
 he was alio Clerk of the Feretory at that Time. It 
 was always the Recrifter-houfe, till Tobias Mathew^ 
 
 Dean. 
 
cf Dun ii a m Abbey, 71 
 
 Dean of Durham, removed it into the Parlour lately 
 mentioned. 
 
 The South Alley cf the Cloyfieti. 
 
 On the South Side of the Cloyfters, was fafteaed 
 to the Wall at the Side of the Cloyfter Door, a Seat, 
 having four Feet and a Back of Wood, and boarded 
 under-foot for Warmth : Oil this the Porter was feat- 
 ed, to keep the Cloyfter Door. The laft Porter was 
 Edward Pattifon. From the Stool JVefiward, on the 
 South Side, was a long Bench of Stone, aim oft to the 
 Frater-houfc Door, whereon were feated certain Chil- 
 dren in a Row, the whole Length of the fame, upon 
 Maundy That flay, it being intended for that Pur- 
 j ofe. The whole Convent of Monks had each a Boy 
 affigned him, whofe Feet he was to wafli, and dry 
 with a Towel, and every Monk then kilfed the Feet 
 he had wafhed, and gave to each Child Thirty Pence 
 in Money, feven Red Herrings, three Loaves of Bread, 
 and a Wafer-cake, the Monks ferving every Child 
 with Drink themfelves ; and this godly Ceremony thus 
 ended, after certain Prayers faid by the Prior and the 
 whole Convent, they all departed in good Decorum. 
 At the End of the faid Bench adjoining to the Frater- 
 houfe Door, was a fine Almery fixed to the Wall, 
 •and another on the other Side of the Door ; the Fore- 
 part of the Almeries was through-carv'd Work, to 
 admit Air to the Towels, and three Doors in the Fore- 
 part of each Almery, and a Lock on each Door, to 
 which every Monk had a Key, to dry their Hands 
 with the Towels when they wafhed and went to Din- 
 ner. This Stool and Bench Tobias Mathew, Dean of 
 Durham, caufed to be taken down, and made as plain 
 as the Reft of the Floor of the Cloyfters. 
 
 The 
 
7 2 
 
 H*he Antiquities 
 
 The Frater-houfe, 
 
 In the South Alley of the Cloyfters, is alargeHaB, 
 called the Frater-houfe, finely wainfcotted on the Norm 
 and South Sides ; and in the Weft and -nether Part 
 thereof, is a long Bench of Stone, in Mafon-v/ork, 
 from the Cellar Door to the Pantry or Gove Door : 
 Above the Bench is Wainfcot Work two Yards an K d a 
 Half high, finely carved, and fet with imbojs'd Work 
 in Wainfcot, and gilded under the carved Work. 
 Above the Wainfcot was a large Picture of our Sa- 
 viour Chrift, the blefled Virgin Mary, and St. John, 
 in fine gilt W ork, and mod excellent Celours ; which 
 Pictures having been wafhed over with Lime, did 
 long appear through it. This Wainfcot had engraven 
 on the Top of it, Thomas Cq/iell, Prior, Anno. Domini, 
 1 5 1 8, Menfiis Julij. Whence it is manifeft that Prior 
 Cajiell wainfcotted the Frater-houfe round about. 
 
 Within the Frater-houfe Door, on the Left Hand 
 at entering, is a flrong Almtry in the Wall, wherein 
 a great Mazer, called the Grace Cup, ftood, which 
 every Day ferved the Monks after Grace, to drink 
 out of round the Table ; which Cup was finely edged 
 about with Silver, and double gilt. In the fame Place 
 were kept many large and great Mazers of the fame 
 Sort ; among which was one called Judas' s Cup, edged 
 about with Silver, and double gilt, having a Bafe to 
 fland upon, of Silver double gilt, which was never 
 in Ufe but on Maundy Thurfday, at Night, in the 
 Frater-houfe, where the Prior and whole Convent met 
 to keep their Maundy. In the feme Almery was pre* 
 ferved a goodly Cup, called St. Bedes Bowl ; the Out- 
 fide was of Black Mazer, the Infide of Silver double 
 gilt, and the Edge finely wrought about with Silver, 
 and double gilt ; and in the Midft was the Picture of the 
 holy Man St. Bede, fitting in a writing Pofture ; the 
 
The A N T I Q. U I T I E S 
 
 73 
 
 Bale thereof was of Silver, double gilt, with four 
 joints of Silver coming down, all double gilt from the 
 Edge to the Bafe, to be taken in Pieces. In that 
 Aimer y lay all the beft Plate that ferved the whole 
 Convent in the Frater-houfe on Feftival Days, and 
 there was a fine Work of carved Wainfcot before it, 
 and a ftrong Lock on the Door, fo that none could 
 perceive there was any Almery at all, the Key-hole 
 being made tinder the carved Work of the Wainfcot : 
 And there is another large Almery within the Frater- 
 houfe, on the Right Hand in going to the Cellar, of 
 Wainfcot, having feveral Almeries within, fine wrought 
 and varnifhed over with Red Varnifli, in which lay fe* 
 veral Table-cloths, Salts, Mazers, a Bafon and Ewer* 
 of Latten, with other Things pertaining to the Frater- 
 houfe, and the Loft where the Monks dined and flip- 
 ped. Every Monk had his Mafcer fever ally by himfelf 
 to drink in, and had all other Things that ferved the 
 whole Convent, and the Frater-houfe in their daily 
 Service, at their Diet, and at their Table. All the 
 Mazers were finely edged with double gilt Silver, and 
 another Baibn and Ewer of Latten. On this Ewer was 
 portray'd a Man on Horfeback, as riding a Hunting, 
 which ferved the Sub-prior to wafli his Hands in at 
 the aforefaid Table, he fitting there as Chief. 
 
 In this Frater-houfe the Prior and whole Convent of 
 the Monks, held the great Feaft of St. Cuihbert, in Lent, 
 having their Meat ferved out of the Drefier Window 
 of the great Kitchen, into the Frater-houfe, and their 
 Drink out of the great Cellar. From the Eajl End, 
 being the highefl: Part of the Frater-houfe, adjoining 
 to the Deanry, the Roof of Lead was taken down by 
 Dean IVbittingham, and than Part annexed to his own 
 Houfe, making it a flat Roof, whereby lie gained 
 twenty Pounds. 
 
 H 
 
74 A n i i q_ u i t i e s 
 
 At the Eajl End of the Frater-houfe flood a neat 
 Table, with a Screen of Wainfcot over it, being kept 
 'for the Mafter of the Novices, the Elefts, and the 
 Novices, to dine and fup at, having their Meat ferved 
 to them in at the Droller Window from the great 
 Kitchen, and their Drink out of the great Cellar. 
 
 At thefe Times' the Mafter obferved thefe wholefom 
 and godly Orders, for the continual Inftruftlon of 
 their Youth in Virtue and Learning ; that is, one of 
 the Novices appointed by the Mafter, read fome Part 
 of the Old and New Teftament in Latin, during Din- 
 ner, having a convenient Place at the South End of the 
 High Table, within a beautiful Glafs Window, encom- 
 pafs'd with Iron, and certain Stone Steps, with Iron 
 Rails to go up to an Iron Deik, whereon lay the Holy 
 Bible. When he had done reading, the Mafter rang 
 a Silver Bell, hanging over "his Head, thereby giving 
 Notice to one of the Novices .to come to the High 
 Table and iay Grace ; >and that ended, they departed 
 to their Rooks, 
 
 This Fabrick retained the Name of the Petty Ca- 
 nons' Hall, till Dr. Sudbury, Dean of this Cathedral, 
 generoufly -erecled a beautiful Library in its Place; 
 but he net living to finiih. it compleatly, did by the 
 following Claufe of his Laft Will, bind his Heir, Sir 
 John Sudbury, to the due Execution thereof. 
 
 " - item, whereas I have lately con trailed with fc- 
 fi veral Workmen for the Building of a Library in the 
 " c Place commonly called the Petty Canons' Hall, in 
 " the College of Durham, for the Ufe of the Dean and 
 " Prebendaries of the i aid Cathedral Church. And 
 ei if it fhould pleaFe God that I do not live to fmifh 
 iC the lame, my Will and Pleafure is, that my Execu- 
 6i tor, hereafter-named, fhall pay out of my perfonal 
 " Eftate, all Such Sum or Sams of Monev, as (hall 
 
 " be 
 
^/Durham Abbey. 
 
 75 
 
 " be neceftary for the Finifhing thereof, according to 
 ?* fnch Form or Model, or in fuch Manner as 1 fhail 
 " leave Directions for,, under my Hand, attefted by 
 
 two or more good and fufficienr Witnefies." This 
 Will is dated January n, 1683. 
 
 Within the Cloyfter-garth, over againft the Frater- 
 lioufe Door, was a fine Laver or Conduit, for the 
 Monks to wafn their Hands and Faces in, being in 
 Form round, covered with Lead, and all of Marble , 
 excepting the outer Wall, within which' they might 
 walk about the Laver. It had .many Spouts of Brais, 
 with 24 brazen Cocks about It, and feven Windows of 
 Stone Work in it ; and above, a Doveeoat covered with 
 Lead. The Workmanihip was both fine and coftly. 
 Adjoining to the Eaji Side, of the Conduit Door hung 
 a Bell, to call the Monks at Eleven o'clock, to come 
 and warn before Dinner. In the Clofets or Almeries 
 on each Side of the Frater-houfe Door in the Cloyfters, 
 Towels were kept white and clean to dry their Hands 
 upon. 
 
 The North Alley of the Cloyfters, 
 
 In the North Side of the Cloyfters, from the C|ff 
 nsr over-againft the Church Door, to the Corner op*- 
 pofite to the Dormitory Door, was all finely glazed, 
 from the Top to the Bottom, within a little* of the 
 Ground into the Cloyfter-garth ; and in .every Win- 
 dow were three Pews or Carrels,- where every one 
 of the Old. Monks had a Carrel iev.erally to himfelf, 
 to which, after Dinner, they reforted, ..and there ftu- 
 died their Books, every one .in .his Carrel, . till the 
 Time of Even-fong ; and thus they • exerciled them- 
 felves every Day. ThefedVws or Carrels were finely 
 wainfeocted, and very clofe, except the Fore- fide, 
 which was carved Work, and admitted Light through 
 the Carrel Doors, h\ each of which was a bed: to lay 
 
7 6 3fhe Antiquities 
 
 Books on ; and the Carrels were no wider than from 
 one Stanchel of the Window to another. 
 
 Oppofite to the Carrels againft the Church Wall,, 
 flood certain great Almeries of Wainfcot, full of 
 Books, as well the old written Doctors of the Church,, 
 as other prophane Authors, with many other holy 
 Men's Works ; fo that every one ftudied what Doctor 
 he pleafed, having the Library at all Times open to 
 refort to, and ftudy in, as well as in their Carrels,, 
 
 Yfe Well Alley of the Cloyfters.. 
 
 In the Weft Alley of the Cloyfters, a little to the 
 South of the Dormitory Door, underneath , the fame, 
 and adjoining to the Stairs that go up- to it, was a 
 ftrong Houfe, called the Treafury, where all the Trea- 
 fure of the Monaftical Houfe was depofited, having a 
 ftrong Door, and two Locks upon it. In the Midft 
 of the faid Houfe was a ftrong Grate of Iron fixed in 
 the Ground-work, and in the Roof, and fattened in 
 each Wall the Breadth of the Houfe, fo fail: as not to 
 be eafily broken. In the Midft of the Grate was an 
 Iron Door, of the fame Workmanfhip with the Grate, 
 with a ftrong Lock, and two great Slots of Iron to 
 guard it ; and within the Grate was a fquare Table 
 covered -with Green Cloth, for the telling their Money. 
 Within this Treafury alfo were kept the beft Evi- 
 dences of the Houfe, and the Chapter Seal ; as alfo 
 the Evidences of feveral Gentlemen's Lands in the 
 Country, who thought them fafer than in their own, 
 Cuftody, in three great Chefts well lock'd-in the faid 
 Treafury, but afterwards it was altered ; theirTreafure 
 and Money being kept in a ftrong Houfe over the Eaft 
 Gates of the Abbey in the South Bailey, now called 
 the Exchequer ; but in the faid old Treafury the 
 common Chapter Seal, is ftill kept. 
 
 ' Over- 
 
of D U R H A M A 3 3 E Y. 
 
 77 
 
 Over-againtl the faid Treafury-houfe Door was £ 
 fine Stall of Wainfcot, where the Novices were taught ; 
 and their Matter had a pretty Seat of Wainfcot, upon 
 the South Side of the Treafury-houfe Door, oppofite 
 to the Stall where the Novices fludied. \ There he in- 
 ftructed thcrn both Forenoon and Afternoon, no Stran- 
 gers or other Perfons being permitted to molefl: the 
 Novices, or the Monks in their Carrels, while at Study 
 in the Cloyfters ; a Porter attending for that Purpofe 
 at the Cloyfter Door. 
 
 . A little South of the- Treafury was a convenient: 
 Room, wherein was eilablifhed the Song-fchool, for 
 the Inflruftion of Boys, for the Ufe of the Quire ; 
 the Song-fchool in the South Ifle- of the Lan thorn be- 
 ing decently furnifhed with a reading Defk, convenient 
 Seats, and all other requifite Conveniencies, appro- 
 priated to the Service of God ; where Morning Prayer 
 was daily celebrated at Six in the Morning through? 
 out the. Year, except on Sundays and Holidays.' 
 
 The Dor tor, Dortoir, or Dormitory, \ 
 
 On the JVcft Side of the Cloyfter was a large Houfe, 
 allied the Dorter, where the Monks and Novices lay. 
 Every Monk.. had a little Chamber to himfslf. . Each 
 Chamber had a Window towards -the- Chapter, and 
 the Partition betwixt every Chamber, was clofe wain- 
 fcotted, and in each Window was a Defk to fupoort 
 their Books.* On the Weft Side of the faid Dorter 
 were the like .Chamber:, with their Windows and 
 Delia towards the Infirmary and the Water; the. 
 Chambers being- all well -boardcc;. 
 
 The Novices had likewife their Chambers in the 
 South End of the faid Dorter, adjoining to the afbre- 
 faid Chambers, having eight Chambers on each Side. 
 Every Novice had his Chamber to himfelf, but neither 
 11 2 io 
 
78 STft* A- N T I Q, U I T I E s 
 
 fo clofe nor fo warm as the other Chambers were ; 
 nor having any Light but what came in at the Fore- 
 fide of their Chambers, being quite clofe both above 
 and on each Side. 
 
 At each End of the Dorter was a fquare Stone, 
 wherein was a Dozen of CrefTets wrought in each 
 Stone, being always fill'd and fbpply'd by the Cooks, 
 as they needed, to afford Light to the Monks and 
 Novices, at their arifing to their Mattins at Midnight, 
 and for their other necefTary Ufes* 
 
 There was a large Houfe and moil decent Place 
 adjoining to the Weft Side of the faid Dorter, towards 
 the W ater, for the Monks and Novices to refort unto, 
 called the Privies* Two great Pillars of Stone fup- 
 ported the whole Floor thereof; and every Seat and 
 Partition was wainfcotted clofe on every Side, fo that 
 they could not fee one another when they were there- 
 in. There wereas many Seats on each Side as little 
 Windows in the Wall, to give Light to the faid Seats ; 
 which afterwards were walled up, to make the Houfe 
 more clofe. In the Weft End were three beautiful 
 Glafs Windows ; and on the South Side above the 
 Seats, another fine Glafs Window, which Windows 
 gave Light to the Whole. 
 
 In the Dorter every Night a private Search was 
 made by the Sub-prior, who called at every Monk's 
 Chamber Door, to fee good Order kept, and that 
 none Ihould be wanting. The middle Part of it was 
 pav'd with fine Tile Stones the whole Length : The 
 Sub-prior's Chamber was the firft, as he was to fee 
 Order kept. 
 
 The Sub-prior always din'd and 'fnpp'd with the 
 Convent, fitting at the upper End of the Table ; and 
 Supper being ended, which was always at Five o'Clock, 
 upon ringing a Bell to call one of the Novices to fey 
 Grace, they went to the Chapter- houfe to meet the 
 
of D u r h a m Abbey. 
 
 79 
 
 Prior, there to remain in Prayer and Devotion till Six 
 o'Ciock. Then upon ringing a Bell again they weat 
 to theSalvi, and all the Doors of the Cells, the Frater- 
 houfe, the Dorter, and- the Cloyfters, were lock'd ? 
 even at Six o'clock, and the Keys deliver'd to the 
 Sub-prior, till Seven o'clock the next Morning. 
 
 The Loft. 
 
 - There was al'fp a Door in the Weft End of the 
 Frater-houfe, jufl within the Frater-houfe Door, at 
 which the old Monks or Convent entered, and then 
 afcended up a Pair of Stairs^ having an Iron Rail to 
 fbpport themfelves by, into.a Loft which was at the 
 Weft End of the Frater-houfe, above the Cellar, where 
 the Convent and Monks dined and fupped together. 
 The Sub-prior fat at the upper End of the Table, as 
 Chief ; and they had their Meat ferved from the great 
 Kitchen, in at the DreiTer-window, and brought thro' 
 the Frater-houfe : The faid Kitchen ferved both the 
 Prior and the whole Convent, having two' Windows 
 into the Frater-houfe ; the one was large for principal 
 Days, the other not fo large for every Day. At the 
 Foot of the Stairs was another Door, leading into the 
 great Cellar or Buttery, where all the Drink flood that 
 ferved the Prior, and the whole Convent of Monks. 
 
 This Loft, fince the Difiblution of the Monailry, 
 was made the Dining-room of the fifth Prebendary's 
 Houfe. 
 
 The Monks were accuftomed every Day after Din- 
 ner, to go through the Cloyfters, in at the Ufher's 
 Door, and fo through the Entry under- the Prior's 
 Lodgings into the Cen try garth where the Monks were 
 buried, where they all .(rood bareheaded a good Space, 
 praying among the T ombs for the Souls of their Bre- 
 thren who were buried there : And when they had 
 
 don z 
 
8 c The ■ A fa t i d n r r i e Sx 
 
 done their Prayers, they returned to the Cloyfter, and* 
 {.laid till Three o'clock, that they went to Even -long* 
 This was their daily Prattice after Dinner. 
 
 The Monks were the only Writers of the Acts, and 
 Deeds of the Bifhops and Priors of the Church of 
 Durham, and of the other Chronicles and Kittories ; 
 They likewife recorded other mott valuable Things, 
 as what Afts, what Occurrences, what Miracles were 
 performed every Year, and in what Month ; being al- 
 ways viftmoafly employed, either in writing good and 
 godly Works, or ttudying, the Holy Scriptures, to 
 the letting forth the Honour of God, and the edifying 
 the People, as well in Example of good- Life and Con- 
 verfation, as by Preaching the Word of God. Such, 
 were the Labours of Monks and religious Men iaan- 
 dent Times.. 
 
 The Common Houfe* 
 
 On the Right Hand at going out of the Cloyfters 
 into the Infirmary, was the Common Houfe. It was 
 inttituted to have a Fire conttantly-by Day in Winter, 
 for the Ufe of the Monks, who were allowed no other 
 Fire; but the Matter and Officers of the Houfe had 
 their own feveral Fires. A Garden and Bowling-alley 
 belonged to the fa id Houfe, towards -the Water, for 
 the Novices fometimes to recreate themfelves, Leave be- 
 ing firtt granted ; their Matter attending to fee to their 
 good Order. In this Houfe once in the Year, between 
 Martinmas and Chriftmas y the Matter of if kept his 
 O Sapientia, a folemn. Banquet, at which the Prior 
 and Convent were entertained wkh Figs, Raifins, Ale, 
 and Cakes, but not to Superfluity or Excefs, being 
 only a moderate fcholaftical Congratulation among 
 themfelves.. • 
 
cf D u r h a m Abbey. 8 i 
 
 77. ?e Infirmary. 
 
 Within the Infirmary, underneath the Matter's 
 Lodge, was a ftrong Prifon, called the Lying- houfe, 
 . ordained for great Offenders ; as for Monks guilty of 
 Felony or Adultery, where they were imprifoned in 
 Chains a whole Year, without feeing any one, except the 
 Mafter of the Infirmary, in letting down their. Meat 
 through a Trap-door by a Cord, and that at a great 
 jDiftance from the Prisoners. But if any of the Tem- 
 poral Men belonging to the Houfe offended in the 
 'Premifes, they were punirhed by the Temporal Law. 
 
 The Gueft-hall 
 
 A famous Houfe of Hofpitality wfcs kept within the 
 Abbey-garth of Durham, called the Gueft-hall, and 
 was fituate on the Weft Side towards the Water. The 
 Terrer of the Houfe was Mafter thereof, as one ap- 
 pointed togive Entertainment to all Eftates, Noble, Gen- 
 tle, or what other Degree foever came thither as Stran- 
 gers. Their Entertainment was not inferior to that 
 of any Place in England, both for the Goodnefs of 
 their Diet, the clean and neat Furniture of their Lodg- 
 ings, and generally all Things neceffary for Travel- 
 lers ; and with all this Entertainment, no Man was 
 required to depart, while he continued honeft, and of 
 good Behaviour. 
 
 The Homes belonging to the fecond, third, fourth, 
 and tenth Prebendaries, were erefted out of the 
 Apartments and other Offices belonging to the Gueft- 
 hall, the Hall itfelf being wholly demolilhed, nothing 
 remaining except a Part of the Weftern Wall : But 
 nothing remains to let us know what was in the fixth 
 and twelfth Prebendaries Houfes. 
 
 This Hall was a ftately Place, not unlike the Body 
 of a Church, fupported on each Side by very fine Pil- 
 lars, 
 
3<2 
 
 A N T I U I T I E & 
 
 iars, and in the Midft of the Hall a large Range fcr 
 the Fire. The Chambers and Lodgings belonging to 
 it were kept very clean, and richly furnifhed. They 
 were very pleafant to lie in, efpecially one Chamber, . 
 called the King's Chamber, well deserving that Name 
 for the King himfelf might very well lie in it, fuch 
 was the Statelinefs thereof. 
 
 The Viftuals the Guefts were entertained with 
 came from the great* Kitchen of the Prior, the Bread 
 and Beer from his Pantry and Cellars. If they were 
 honourable, they were ferved as honourably as the 
 Prior himfelf, otherwife according to their Quality. 
 
 The Terrer had certain Men appointed to wait atr 
 his Table, and to attend upon His Guefts and Stran- 
 gers ; and for their better Entertainment he had al- 
 ways a Hogfhead or two of Wines kept in a Cellar 
 pertaining to the {aid Hall; 
 
 The Prior (whofe Hofpitallty was fuch as that, in. 
 Reality, there was no Need of the Gueit-hall, but that 
 the Convent was- defirous to abound in all liberal and 
 free Almfgivings) kept a mod fplendid and noble 
 Houfe, being attended by the beit- Gentlemen and 
 Yeomen in the Country, and the magnificent Service 
 of his Houfe deferved no lefs; fo great were the Li- 
 beralities and Benevolences of his Houfe-keeping, that 
 conftant Relief and Alms were dally given, not only 
 to the Poor of the City, but to thofe of the Country 
 round about. 
 
 The Lord Prior had two Porters, one at the Hall 
 Door, called Robert Smith, the other at the Ufher- 
 door, at going from the great Chamber to the Church, 
 called Robert Clark ; which two were the laft Porters 
 to the laft Prior. 
 
 There were certain poor Children, called the Chil- 
 dren of the Almery, who only were educated in Learn- 
 ing, .raid relieved with the Alms and Benevolence of 
 
 thd| 
 
jf B V R H A M A B B E V. 83 
 
 the whole Houfe, having their Meat and Drink in a 
 Loft on the North Side of the Abbey Gates, before 
 the Suppreffion of the faid Houfe. This Loft had a 
 long dated Porch over the Stair-head, and at each Side 
 of the faid Porch were Stairs to go up to the Loft, 
 with a Stable underneath it, and a Door into it, under 
 the Stair-head, to go into the faid Stable. This Edi- 
 fice, at the Suppreffion of the Houfe, became Mr 
 Stephen Marie Lodging. Soon after - the Suppreffion 
 he' alter 'd it, arid took down the Porch and Stairs 
 that went up to the Loft, and made a Kitchen where 
 the Stable was. and his Buttery above- where the Loft 
 was. The Children went to School at the Infirmary 
 School without the Abbey -gates, which was founded 
 by the Priors of the Abbey, at the Charge of the 
 Jloufe, The iaft Schoolraafter was Sir Robert HarU 
 burne y who continued Mafter till the Suppreffion of 
 the Houfe. He was bound to fay Mafs twice a Week 
 at Magdalen's Chapel, near Kepicr, and once a Week 
 at Kimblc/worth The Meat and Drink thcfe Children 
 had, was what the Monks and Novices with their Maf- 
 ter had left, it was carried in at a Door adjoining 
 the great Kitchen Window into a little Vault at the 
 tVeJl End of the Frater-houfe, like a Pantry, called 
 the Covie, kept by a Man. Within it was a Window, 
 at which forne of the Children received the Meat and 
 ; Drink of the faid Man, called the Clerk of the Covie, 
 out of the Covie or Pantry Window, and carried it to 
 the Loft. Thk Clerk waited on them at every Meal 
 to keep good Order. 
 
 There were four aged Women who lived in the 
 Infirmary, without the South Gates of the Abbey of 
 Durham, each having her feveral Chamber to lie in, 
 being fupplied and fed only with the Victuals that 
 tame from the Prior's own Table. * 
 
 In 
 
84 T'Ae Antiquities 
 
 In the Infirmary was a Chapel, where the School- 
 mafter of the Infirmary (having his Chamber and 
 School above it) or fbme other Prk-ft for him, was 
 appointed to fay Mafs to thefe aged Women every 
 Holiday and Friday. 
 
 The ancient Cuflom of Procejfion in the Abbey Church 
 of Durham, on certain Fejlivals. 
 
 Upon St. MarkV Day, 
 
 St. Mark's Day was commonly kept a Fail through 
 all the Country, and no Flefli eaten upon it : The 
 Prior with the Monks made -a folemn Proceflion, and 
 went to Bow Church, doing very folemn Service there; 
 and one of the Monks made a Sermon to the Pa~ 
 riftiioners and Town's Men who came thither. 
 
 The Procejfion on the Three Crofs Days, by the Prior 
 and Monks. 
 
 On Monday in Crofs-week they had another folemn 
 Proceffion, going to St. Ojwald's Church, in Elvet, 
 and there did a folemn Service : A Sermon was preached 
 by one of the Monks, before a numerous Audience. 
 Tuefday, the following Day, in another folemn Pro- 
 ceflion, they w r ent to St. Margaret's Church, in Crof 
 gate, with folemn Service, and a Sermon. On Wed- 
 vefday, the next Day, they had the like Proceflion to 
 St. Nicholas Church, there doing Divine Service very 
 folemnly, and a Sermon was preached before a great 
 Audience. 
 
 The Procejfion on Holy Thurfday, Whit-funday, an£ 
 Trinity Sunday, by the Prior and the Monks. 
 
 The next Morning, being Holy Thurfday, they had 
 a general Proceffion, with two Crofles bom before 
 
 them ; 
 
o/ Durham Abbey. 85 
 
 them ; one, both Crofs and Staff, all of Gold ; the 
 other, of Silver Parcel-gilt, with that holy Relique St, 
 Cuthberfs Banner, being carried fir ft in the Proceflion, 
 with all the rich Copes belonging to the Church, 
 every Monk one. The Prior had an exceedingly rich 
 one of Cloth of Gold, which was fo mafly that he 
 could not go upright with it, unlefs his Gentlemen, 
 who at other Times bore up his Train, fupported it 
 on every Side whenever he had it on. He had his 
 Crofier Staff in his Hand, which was of Silver double 
 gilt, and a rich Mitre on his Head : Alfo that holy 
 Relique St. Bedes Shrine, was carried in the Proceflion 
 by four Monks, upon their Shoulders. And other 
 Moaks carried about with them in the faid Proceflion, 
 feveral holy Reliques, as the Pi&ureof St. Ofwald, of 
 Silver-gilt, and St. Margaret's Crofs, of Silver double 
 gilt. The Proceflion came out at the North Door of 
 die Abbey Church and through the Church-yard, and 
 down Lidgate, by Bow Church End, and up the South 
 Bailey, and in at the Abbey-gates, where a great 
 Number of People flood, both Men, Women, and 
 Children, with great Reverence and Devotion, an a- 
 greeable Sight to behold, and fo proceeded through 
 the Abbey-garth, whither no Woman was permitted 
 to go ; and fo through the Cioyfters into the Church. 
 
 Upon IVhitfunday was a general Proceflion, with 
 the fame Solemnities as had been obferved on Holy 
 Tburfday, with St. Bedes Shrine, St. Cuthberfs Ban- 
 ner, and all the holy Reliques ; as the Image of St. 
 Cfwald, and the Image of St. Jidanus, and St. Mar- 
 garet's Crofs, and divers others. 
 
 On Trinity Sunday was another general Proceflion 
 as aforefaid, with all the above recited Reliques, going 
 the fame Circuit. 
 
 I ne 
 
Si The Antiquities 
 
 The Prccejjion Upon Corpus Chrifti Day, -within the 
 Church and City Durham. 
 
 There was a goodly Proceffion upon the Place-green, 
 on ThurfJdy after Trinity Sunday, in Honour of Corpus 
 Chrijii Day ; a principal Day or Feaft. The BailifFof 
 the Town flood in the Tolbooth, and called together 
 all the Occupations that were Inhabitants within the 
 Town. Every Occupation in its Degree, was to 
 bring forth its Banners, with all the Lights appertain- 
 ing to their feveral Banners, and with them to repair 
 to the Abbey Church Door : Every Banner flood in 
 Rank, in its Degree, from the Abbey Church Door 
 to Wmdifhole-gate On the Weft Side of the Way 
 flood all the Banners, and on the Eajl Side Hood all 
 the Torches pertaining to the Banners. 
 
 In St Nicholas Church was a goodly Shrine, called 
 Corpus Chrifti Shrine, appointed to be carried the faid 
 pay in Proceffion. This Shrine was finely gilt, and 
 on the Top thereof was a fquare Box of Chryflal, 
 wherein was inclofed the holy Sacrament of the Altar. 
 Tt was carried the fame Day by four Priefts up to the 
 Place-green, the whole Proceffion of all the Churches 
 in the Town going before it. And when it was 
 brought a little Space within Windiffiole-gate, it flood 
 ftill till St. Cuthbcrfs, Banner, with two goodly fine 
 Croffes, were brought out to meet it ; and the Prior 
 and Convent, with the Quire, in their beft Copes, 
 met the faid Shrine, and fell on their Knees and pray- 
 ed. The Prior fetcht it ; and they carrying it -for- 
 ward into the Abbey Church, the Prior and Convent 
 with all the Quire following, it was fet in the Quire, 
 and folemn Service fold before it, and Te Deum fo- 
 lemnly fung and play'd on the Organs, every Man 
 praifing God ; and all the Banners of the Occupations 
 followed die laid Shrine into the Church, going round 
 
 T St. 
 
of Dun h a m Abbey. 87 
 
 St. Cuthberfs Feretory, with their Torches lighted and 
 burning ail the Service Time. Thence it .was con- 
 duced with the faid Froceiiion of the Town to its 
 Place again, all the Banners of the Occupations fol- 
 lowing, and fetting it in the Church, where they 
 offered up their Prayers to God, and then departed. 
 The Shrine was carried into the Reveftry, there to 
 
 .remain till that Time Twelve-months. 
 
 .. Afterwards, in the firft Year of King Edward VI. 
 Commiilioners were appointed to deface all fuch Or- 
 naments in the Parifli Churches at Durham, as were 
 
 'left undefaced in a former Vilitation. The Names of 
 the Commiilioners were Dr Harvey and Dr Whitby : 
 Dr Harvey called for the faid Shrine, and when it was 
 brought before him, he trode upon it with his Feet, 
 and broke it into Pieces, with many Ornaments of St. 
 Nicholas Church. 
 
 St. CuthbertV Shrine defaced. 
 
 The facred Shrine of holy St. Cuthbert was de- 
 faced at the Vifitation held at Durham, for demolim- 
 ing fuch Monuments, by Dr Lee, Dr Henley, and Mr 
 BUthman, in King Henry the Eighth's Reign, at his 
 Suppreffion of religious Houles. They, found many 
 valuable and goodly Jewels, efpecially one precious 
 Stone, which by the Eftimate of thofe three vffitors, 
 and their fkilful Lapidaries, was of Value fnfficient to 
 redeem a Prince. After the Spoil of his Ornaments 
 and Jew :1s, they approached near to his Body, . ex- 
 pecting nothing but Duft and Afhes ; but perceiving 
 the CheA he lay in ftrongly bound with Iron, the 
 Goldfmith with a Smith's great Fore-hammer broke it 
 open, when they found him lying whole, uncorrupt, 
 with his Face bare, and his Ikard as of a Fortnight's 
 Growth, and all the Vcftments about him, as he was 
 . 1 2 accuf- 
 
£8 T'Ij? Antiquities 
 
 accuftomed to fay Mafs, and his Metwand of Go^d ! ( 
 lying by him. When the Goldfmith perceived he . ( 
 had broken one of his Legs, in breaking open the ( 
 Cheft, he was fore troubled at it, and cried, Alas ! I 
 have broken one of his Legs ; which Dr Henley hear- 
 ing, called to him, and bade him caft down his Bones : 
 The other anfwered he could not get them afunder, 
 for the Sinews and Skin held them fo that they would; . ' 
 not fcpanite. Then Dr Lee ftept up to fee if it 
 were fo, and turning about, fpake in Latin to Dr Hen- 
 ky, that he was intirc, though Dr Henley not believ- 
 ing his Words, called again to have his Bones caft 
 down : Dr Lee anfwered, if you will nor believe me, 
 come up yourfelf, and fee him : Then Dr Henley ftept 
 up to him, and handled him, and found he lay whole : 
 Then he commanded them to take him down ; and 
 fo it happened contrary to their Expectation, that not 
 only his Body was whole and uncorrupted, but the 
 Veftments wherein his Body lay, and wherein he was 
 accuftomed to fay Mafs, were frefh, fafe, and not 
 confumed. Whereupon the Vifitors commanded him 
 to be carried into the Reveftry, till the King's Plea- 
 fure concerning him was further known ; and upon 
 the Receipt thereof, the Prior and Monks buried him 
 in the Ground under the Place where his Shrine was 
 ctalred* 
 
 St. Bede\f Shrine defaced* 
 
 The Shrine of Holy St. Bede, before mentioned in 
 the Galiley, was defaced by the fame Vifitors, and at 
 the fame Suppreffion his Bones were interr'd under j 
 the fame Place, where before his Body was exalted. 
 
 There were two Stones, that belonged to St. Bede*s 
 Shrine in the Galiley, of Blue Marble, which, after 
 it was defaced, were brought into the Body of the 
 
 Church, 
 
^Durham Abbe y. 89 
 
 Church, and now lie oppofite to the Eafimojl Tomb 
 of the Ncvihy joined together. The uppermoft Stone 
 of the foid Shrine had three Holes in each Corner, for 
 Irons to be fattened in to guide the Covering when i% 
 was drawn up or let down, whereon St. BedSs Shrine 
 Hood. The other was a plain Marble Stone, which 
 was lowefr, and laid above a little Marble Tomb> 
 whereon the Bottoms of five fmall Pillars flood, to 
 fupport the uppermoft Stone. Thefe Stones now lie 
 between two Pillars, a little above the fecond devil's 
 Tomb. 
 
 Mnny were the rich Jewels and Reiiques appertain* 
 ing to. this Church, it being accounted the richeft 
 Church in this Land ; fo valuable were the Jewels 
 and Ornaments which were beftowed upon that holy 
 Man St. Cuihbert. King Richard gave him his Parlia- 
 ment Robe of Blue Velvet, wrought with great Lions 
 of pure Gold, an exceedingly rich Cope. There was 
 another Cope of Cloth of Gold given to the Church, 
 in Honour of that holy Man, by another Prince. So 
 good and pious were the Minds of Kings, Qu.eens, and 
 other great E Rates, for the Veneration and Love they 
 had to God, and St. CiUhbert in this Church. 
 
 The Steeple. • 
 
 The Steeple of this Cathedral, a ftately Fabrick, 
 is remarkable as well for its Height as Strength and 
 juft Architecture, having on the Infide n Gallery of 
 Stone Work around it, above the Turn of the Arches 
 'of the Pillars upon which k is founded ; above which 
 are eight long Windows, two on each Front of the 
 Steeple, divided in the Middle by a Crofs-bar of Stone, 
 and glazed handfomely with plain Glafs. Above the 
 Windows, on the Outfide, is another Gallery, and 
 above that a Superltrufture, havin3 two Windows 011 
 I 3 each 
 
9 o 
 
 Antiquities 
 
 each Front/ wherein hang eight melodious Bells. In 
 the eight Buttrefies, on the Sides of the lower Win* 
 dows, alfo in the Stone Work betwixt each Window, 
 are Niches, containing the Statues of the Founders, 
 Protestors and Benefa&ors. 
 
 Upon the Eaft Front of the Nine Altai's, in two 
 large Buttrefles on each Side of the round Window, 
 are erefted the Statues of William of Karileph, the 
 Bifhop who began the Foundation of the prefent 
 Cathedral, on the South Side ; and on the berth, Ra- 
 nulph Tlamberd, who tranllated St. Cuthbert\ Body 
 into the fame ; the firft in his Mitre and Epifeopal 
 Habit, the other having his Head uncovered. 
 
 The Names of the Monks -who were Officers within the 
 Abbey Church, at the Time of the Diffolution. 
 
 Dr Stephen Manley, Sub-prior, and Majler of the 
 Frater-hoafe. 
 
 The Sub -prior's Chamber was over the Dormitory 
 Door, that he might hear if any lttrred, or went out. 
 His Office was to go every Night, a3 a private Watch r 
 before and after Midnight, to every Monk's Chamber 
 Door, and to call upon : hum by Name, to fee if any 
 were wanting, or ftolen put in Purfuit of any unlaw* 
 fill Bufinefs. The Sub-prior alfo fat always among 
 the Monks at Meat, to fee that every Man behaved 
 himfelf according to the Order he had betaken him- 
 ielf to : He always laid Grace at Dinner and Supper ; 
 and after Five o'clock at Night was to lee all the 
 Doors lock'd ; as the Cellar Door, the Frater-houfe 
 Door, the Fawden -gates, and the Cloyfter Doors i 
 He kept the Keys of thefe Doors all Night till Five 
 in the Morning, and then return'd them to the Por- 
 ters, and other pioper Officers, 
 
Durham Abbey. 91 
 
 I Dr William Watfon, alias William Wylome, Majler 
 and Keeper of the Feretory, and Vice-prior \ 
 
 1 j > . Ivifci-ii , .'V »' fi^ V."^ 'fULifrftf \ It,') 'frit 1 *? i'H O* *. J "•'».'"{ 
 
 The Mailer of the Feretory's Chamber was in the 
 Dormitory, his Office was, when any Man of Honour 
 Or Renown was difpofed to offer their Prayers to God 
 and St. Cuthbert, or to offer any Thing at his facred 
 Shrine ; if they requefted to have it drawn, 01* to fee 
 it, then the Clerk of the Feretory (called George 
 
 j Bates) gave Notice to his Mailer, the Vice-prior, 
 Keeper of the Feretory, who brought the Keys of 
 
 ! the Shrine, and gave them to th^ Clerk to open it. 
 His Office then was to Hand by and fee it drawn- up. 
 It was always drawn up in Mattins Time, .when Tc 
 Deum was fingin-g, or in High Mafs Time, or at Even- 
 ibng Time when Magnificat was fung ; and when they 
 had made their Prayers, and offered any Thing at it, 
 if it were Gold, Silver, or Jewels, it was inflantly 
 hung on the Shrine ; and rf it were any other Thing, 
 as Unicorn's Horn, Elephant's Tooth, or iuch-like, 
 it was hung within the Feretory, at the End of the 
 Shrine ; and when their Prayers were ended, the Clerk 
 let down the Cover thereof, and locked it at every 
 Corner, returning the Keys to the Vice-prior. The 
 faid George Bates was Regiller of the Houfe, and did 
 all Things appertaining to the Regifter*s Office. 
 
 There was in the Keeping of the faid Vice-prior, a 
 Banner belonging to the faid Shrine, called St. Cnth~ 
 berfs Banner, the Staff five Yards in Length ; all the 
 Pipes of it were of Silver, to be fliden on along the 
 Banner Staff, and on the uppermoft Pipe ; on the Top 
 of it was a little Silver Crofs, and a goodly Banner 
 Cloth pertaining to it, and in the Midi! of the Banner 
 Cloth was White Velvet Haifa Yard fquare, and a Crofs 
 of Crimfon Velvet over it ; and within the faid White 
 Velvet was that holy Reliaue, die Corporax Cloth, 
 
 where- 
 
p2 tT&e A K T I Q, U I T I E' s 
 
 'wherewith the holy Man St. Cuthbcrt covered the 
 Chalice when he faid Mafs ; and the Reft of the Ban- 
 ner Cloth was of Crimfon Velvet, embroidered with 
 Gold and Green Silk moll fumptuoufly. The faid 
 Banner w r as at the Winning of Brankenjield Battle, in 
 King Henry the Eighth's Time, and brought Home 
 with it theKing o£ Scots' Banner, and many Noblemen's 
 Ancients of Scotland, loft that Day ; which were fet 
 up in St. Cutkbert's Feretory, where they remained 
 till the Suppreffion of the Houfe ; at which Time St. 
 Culhberfs Banner, and thefe Ancients of the Noble- 
 men of Scotland were wholly defaced, that the Me- 
 mory of that Victory mould be loft in the Monaflical 
 Church of Durham. St. Ciithberfs Banner had been 
 at other Places; it was thought to be one of the moft 
 magnificent Reliques of any in England, and was not 
 carried out but on principal Days, in general Procef- 
 fions, as E after Day, AJcenfion Day, IVhitfimday, Corpus 
 Chrifti Day, and St. Cutbberfs Day, and fome other 
 Feftival Days. It was very maffy, and fet up at the 
 Eqft End of the Shiine. Whenever it was carried in 
 Procefiion, it was the Clerk's Office to attend it, with 
 his Surplice on, with a fine Red painted Staffs having 
 a Fork or Cleft at the upper End thereof; which 
 Cleft was lined with foft Silk, having Down under 
 the Silk, to prevent hurting or bruifing the Pipes of 
 the banner, which were of Silver, or in taking it down 
 and railing it up again, by Reafon of its great Weight. 
 There w r ere always four Men to go along with it, be- 
 fides the Clerk, and the Man who carried it. 
 
 There was alfo a ftrong Girdle of White Leather, 
 that he who bore St. Cutbbert r $ Banner, did wear 
 whenever it was carried abroad. The Banner was made 
 faft to it with two Pieces of White Leather, and at 
 each End of the two Pieces, a Socket of Horn was 
 fafleiied, to put the End of the Banner Staff into. 
 
 The 
 
The Antiquities 93 
 
 I The Vice-prior had the Keys and Keeping of St. 
 ■ Jfofe's Shrine in the Galiiey ; and when there was a 
 il general Proceffion, he commanded his Clerk, giving 
 I him the Keys of that Shrine, to draw up the Cover 
 1 of it, and to take it down, and carry it into the Re- 
 \, vellry. Then it wa3 carried by four Monks, in Pro- 
 I! ceffion, every principal Day; and the Proceffion being 
 fi ended, it was carried into the Galiiey, and fet up 
 j there again, and the Cover let down. The Keys 
 i\ were then returned to the Vice-prior. 
 I v " * 
 
 Dr Richard Crolby, Majler <f the Novices. 
 
 There were always fix Novices, who went daily 
 to School within the Houfe, for the Space of feven 
 Years together, and one of the eldeft and moll learned 
 Monks, was conftituted their Tutor. The faid No- 
 vices had no Wages, but Meat, Drink, and Apparel 
 for that Space. The Mailer, or Tutor's Office was 
 to fee they wanted nothing ; as Cowls, Frocks, Sta- 
 myne, Bedding, Boots, Socks; and as foon as they 
 needed any of thefe NecefTaries^ the Mailer had Charge 
 : to call at the Chamberlains for fuch Things. They 
 never received Wages, nor handled Money in that 
 Time, but went daily to their Books in the Cloy- 
 Her : And if the Mailer found any of them more apt 
 to learn, and diligently profecuting his Studies, then 
 he gave Notice thereof to the Prior, and he was foon 
 fent to Oxford, there to learn and ftudy Divinity, and 
 the Reft of the Novices were kept at their Books, till 
 they could underlland their Service and the Scriptures. 
 At feven Years of Age they fung their firft Mafs, and 
 from thence the Houfe was no longer charged with 
 finding them Apparel; for then they entered into - 
 Wages, to find themfelves with Apparel, which was ' 
 Twenty Shillings a Year each, and had no more to 
 
 fupply 
 
94 5Tfo Antiquities 
 
 fupply themfelves withal. The eldeft Monk in the 
 Houie had no more, except he had an Office. His 
 Chamber wa'j in the Dorter. 
 
 Dr John Porter, alias Smith, Sacrijlan. 
 
 The Sacrift's Exchequer was wi-thin the Church, 
 in the North Alley, oppofite to Bifliop Skirlaw's Altar, 
 on the .Left Hand as you go up the Abbey to St. Cuth- 
 kerfs Feretory. . 
 
 His Office was to fee that nothing was wanting 
 within the Church, and to provide Bread and Wine 
 for the Church, and Wax andhLights in Winter. He 
 had always a Tun of Wine lying m the Exchequer, 
 for the Ufe of the Church. He had alfo Sacriftan- 
 heugh in his Keeping ; it was his Charge ; and St. 
 ■ Mary's Cupboard was his Office. He was alio to fee 
 the Glals Windows repair'd, and the Plu aimer's Work 
 of the Church done ; and mending of Bells and Bell- 
 ropes, and all other Works necefiary to be performed, 
 both within and without the Church, and to fee the 
 •Church kept clean. All thefe Things are to be called 
 for at the Sacriftan's Hands. 
 
 His Office was alfo to lock up every Night the Keys 
 of every Altar in the. Church, every Altar having its 
 feveral Almery, and fome two, tp lay the fud Keys 
 forth every Morning between Seven and Eight o'clock, 
 upon the Top of the Aimery, which was of Wainfcot, 
 wherein they were locked, which flood within the 
 North Quire Door, that every Monk might take the 
 Key, and go to what Altar he was difpofed to fay 
 Mafs at. 
 
 They alfo went to "the Chapter-houfe every Day be- 
 tween Eight and Nine o'clock, where all the Bimops 
 in the old Time were buried, and there prayed for all 
 their Beaefa&ors, and thole who had bcftowed any 
 
 Thing 
 
of Du r h a m Abbey, 95 
 
 Thing upon this Church. At Nine o'clock a Bell 
 was rung to Mafs, called the Chapter Mafs, which 
 was always fung at the High Altar ; and he that fung 
 the Mafs had always in his Memento, all tbofe wha 
 had given any Thing to this Church. One Half of the 
 Monks laid Mafs in the Chapter Mafs Time, and the 
 other Half that fung not the Chapter Mafs, faid Mais 
 in the High Mafs Time. 
 
 I There were at every Altar two Chalices, and two 
 Silver Crewets appertaining to it, both with Albs and 
 Veitments for principal Feafb ; as alio for all other 
 Days befide. Every Altai had its double Furniture 
 for adorning all Parts of the Altar, ferving both for 
 Holidays and principal Feafts. 
 
 Their Founders and Benefactors were prayed for 
 ! every Day, and had in Remembrance in the Time of 
 faying Mafs. 
 
 The Sacriftan's Chamber was in the Dorter, and he 
 had his Meat ferved from the great Kitchen to his Ex^ 
 ! chequer. 
 
 £T3v fftiK* I \ ■" ' ■ i ; . : r 1 - v- (K 1 
 
 Cihcr Offices cf the Church, 
 .tmb I u ; ..: / •" to 111. 
 Dr Robert Bennet, Boiucer cf the Houfe : He was the 
 I frjl Prebendary in the eleventh Stall. Anno. 1542. 
 
 His Exchequer was a little Stone Houfe joining 
 [ upon the Coal-garth pertaining to the great Kitchen, 
 fa little diftant from the. Dean's Hall Stairs. 
 
 His Office was to receive the Rents of the Houfe, 
 [land all other Officers of the Houfe made their. Ac- 
 I! counts to him. He difcharged all the Servants Wages, 
 and paid all the Expences, and Sums of Money laid 
 out about any Works appertaining to the Abbey, or 
 N that the Houfe was charged withal. His Chamber 
 
 was 
 
c>6 The A NTIQ.UITIES 
 
 was in the Infirmary, and his Meat was ferved from 
 the great Kitchen to his Exchequer, 
 
 Dr Roger Wright, Cellarer of the Hmifc. 
 
 His Exchequer was afterwards Dr Tod's Chamber, 
 joining to the Weft. End of the great Kitchen, having 
 a Pair of Stairs going up to it, and was the firft Pre- 
 bendary in the eleventh Stall. Anno. 1542. 
 
 His Office was to fee how much was expended 
 in the Kitchen, both for the Prior's Table, the 
 whole Convent, and for all Strangers that came. It 
 was his Office alfo to fee all Things orderly ferved, 
 and in due Time. His Chamber was in die Dorter. 
 
 Dr Roger Watfon, Terrer of the Houfe. 
 
 His Exchequer was as you go into the Gneft-hall, 
 en the Left Hand in the Entry at going into the 
 great Hall. 
 
 His Office was to fee all the Guefts' Chambers 
 cleanly kept, and all the Napery in the Chambers, 
 as Sheets and Pillows to be fweet and clean. He 
 always provided two Hogfheads of Wine, to be ready 
 for the Entertainment of Strangers, and likewife Pro- 
 vender for their Horfes, that nothing (hould be wanting 
 when Strangers came, of whatfoever Degree they were, 
 four Yeomen were allowed to attend Strangers. His 
 Chamber was in the Infirmary. 
 
 Dr William Forfler, Keeper of the Garners. 
 
 The Mafter of the Garner's Exchequer was over Mr 
 Pilkintons Hall Door, all whofe Houfe, and Mr Bun* 
 tiey's, were Garners, where their Wheat and other 
 Corn lay. 
 
 Thefc 
 
(/Durham Abbey, 97 
 
 Thefe Granaries are at prefent the Houfes of the 
 feventh and eighth Prebendaries. 
 
 His Office v/as to receive all the Wheat and Barley 
 that came, and gave Account what Malt was ufed 
 weekly ; as alio what Barley was delivered to the 
 Kiln, and what Malt received from it, and how much 
 was ufed in the Houfe. His Chamber was in the 
 Dorter. 
 
 The Kiln was where Mr Robert Bennefs Lodging 
 wa^s, beyond the Conduit. This Lodging was built 
 at his own Expence. It is at this Time the Houfe of 
 the eleventh Prebendary. 
 
 Dr Thomas Spark, Chamberlain, the Jirjl Prebendary 
 in the third Stall. Anno. 1542. 
 
 His Exchequer was near the Abbey-gates ; now the 
 Manfion- houfe of the firft Prebendary. 
 
 The Chamberlain's Office was to provide Stairryne, 
 otherwife called Linfey- wool fey, for Sheets and Shirts 
 for the Novices and the Monks, for they were not 
 permitted to wear Linen. He kept a Taylor daily at 
 Work, in making Socks of White Woollen Cloth, both 
 whole and Half Socks ; and making Shirts and Sheets 
 of Linfey-woolfey, in a Shop underneath the Exche- 
 quer. This Taylor was one of the Servants of the 
 Houfe. The Chamber where he laid was in the 
 Dorter. 
 
 Dr Henry Brown, Mafter of the Common-hcufe. 
 
 His Office was to provide all fuch Spices again ft 
 Lent, as mould be comfortable for the Monks, under 
 their great Aufterity, both of Failing and Praying ; 
 and to have a Fire conftantiv in the Common-houie 
 K Hall, 
 
98 The Anti Q.UITIES 
 
 Hall, for the Monks to warm themfelves at when they 
 pleafed ; and to provide always a Hogffiead of Wine 
 for the Monks ; and for keeping his O, called O Sa- 
 pientia, and to provide Figs and Walnuts for Lent. 
 His Chamber was in the Dorter. 
 
 Dr William Watfon, the Prior's Chaplain. 
 
 His Exchequer was over the Stairs in going up to 
 the Dean's Hall. He was the firft Prebendary, Anno. 
 1542, in the twelfth Stall. 
 
 His Office was to receive at the Bowcer's Hands, 
 all fuch Sums of Money as were payable by him to 
 the Lord Prior's Ufe for his Maintenance, the Expence 
 of his whole Houfhold, and his other NecefTaries. The 
 laid Chaplain was to provide Apparel for the Lord 
 Prior, and to fee all Things in good Order in the 
 Hall, and the Furniture for his Table to be fweet and 
 clean; and that every Man executed his Office dili- 
 gently as he ought to do; and that no Debate or 
 Strife fhould be within the Houfe. He had in his 
 Cuftody all the Lord Priori Plate and Treafure, as 
 well for delivering it out, as receiving it again. He 
 was alfo t© difcharge and pay all the Gentlemen, Yeo? 
 men, and all other the Servants and Officers of the 
 Lord Prior's Houfe their Wages, and to difcharge all 
 other Debts of the Houfe wharibever. His Chamber 
 was adjoining to the Prior's Chamber. 
 
 All thefe Monks were in thefe Offices when the 
 
 Houfe was fupprefled. 
 
 A 
 
c/ Durham Abbey. 99 
 
 A Defcription of the Glafs Windows. 
 
 The North Side of the IJle of the Body of the Church con- 
 tamed fix Windows. 
 
 1. The loweft Window towards the Lan thorn had 
 three fine Lights divided with Stone Work. The 
 Picture of Chrift crucified was in the Middle of the firft 
 Light ; and in the fecond Light was the Picture of our 
 blefTed Lady ; on the other Side the Picture of St. John 
 the Evangelift : On one Side of the Pifture of Chrift 
 was a Monk in a Blue Habit, kneeling and holding up 
 his Hands. And above were fix Turret Windows in 
 plain Glafs. 
 
 2. The fecond Window had two long Lights, di- 
 vided with Stone Work, and in White Glafs, with 
 coloured Glafs about it. 
 
 3. In the third were two fine long Lights, divided 
 with Stone Work, having in the firft Light the Pic- 
 ture of St. Catherine, and underneath her the Picture 
 of St. Ofwald, and below that St. Cuthberfs Picture. 
 In the fecond Light was pictured the blefled Virgin 
 Mary with Chrift in her Arms, and underneath her 
 the Picture of St. Bede, and below him the Picture 
 of St. Ofmondy Bifhop, and the Arms of St. Cuthbert 
 and St. Ofwald fet forth in coloured Glafs; and four 
 Turret Windows without Pictures, in colour'd Glafs. 
 
 4. The fourth Window was plain, and as the fe- 
 cond with colour'd Glafs about it. 
 
 5; In the fifth Window were two long Lights, di- 
 vided as aforefaid, in White Glafs without Pictures, 
 but having round about colour'd Glafs; and five Tur- 
 ret Windows ; fir ft four, and one at the Top. 
 
 6. The fixth Window had two long Lights, with 
 a Stone Work Partition : In the firft Light was the 
 Picture of St. Ofwald, and under him St. Pauls Pic- 
 K 2 ture ; 
 
loo T'be Antiquities 
 
 ture ; and in thf fecond Light was the Pifhire of St. 
 Peter, and underneath him the Pifture of St. James, 
 in fine colour' d Glafs : And above four Turret Lights, 
 with Bifiiop Skirlaw' s Arms on the Top. 
 
 In the End of the Church towards the IVcft, over the 
 North Caiiley Door, was a Window with two Lights, 
 divided with Stone Work, having in the South Light 
 the Picture of our blefled Lady witli Chrift in her 
 Arms, and. a Scepter in her Hand ; and the fecond or 
 North Light was in White Glafs : And above were four 
 Turret Lights, with Biihop Skirlaw's Arms on the 
 Top of all. 
 
 The South Alley cf the Body of the Church, contained 
 fvven Windows, of finely coloured Glafs, with Piclures. 
 
 1 . In the firft, over the Church Door, going into the 
 Cloyfters, were three fine Lights, divided with Stone 
 Work, having in the firft Light the Pifture of St. 
 Ofwald, in the fecond the Pi6lure of the Virgin Mary, 
 and underneath her the Picture of Bifnop Langley, in 
 his Epifcopal Attire, on his Knees praying, and hold- 
 ing up his Hands, with his Arms in a 'Scutcheon, and 
 thefe Words, Orate pro anima D. Thomae Langley 
 quondam Epifcopi hujus Ecclefiae — Pray for the Soul 
 of D. Thomas Langley, formerly Bifhop of this Church. 
 And in the third Light was piftured St. Cuthbert, all 
 in fine coloured Glafs : And above were three White 
 Turret Windows. 
 
 2 . In the fecond Window were five fine long Lights, 
 divided with Stone Work, having in the .firft Light 
 the Pifture of St. George in Armour, and a Red Lion 
 under his Feet : In the fecond Light the Pifture of 
 St. Ofwald : In the third Light the Picture of our 
 blefled Lady : In the fourth Light the Picture of St. 
 Cuthbert, in his Epifcopal Robes : And in the fifth 
 
 Light 
 
:/ Durham Abbey. ioi 
 
 | Light the Pitture of St. Chrift opher with Chrift on his 
 I Shoulders, having a Staff fiouriihing in his Hand, and 
 | a Draught of the Inftruments wherewith Chrift was 
 [ crucified, and the Manner thereof excellently fet forth. 
 If There were ten Knots in coloured Glafs, five above 
 l! and five below ; and fix Turret Windows in White 
 
 i Glafs. 
 
 ! 3. In the third Window were two long Lights, hav- 
 I ing in the firft Light the Pi&ure of God the Father, 
 I and on his Breaft Chrift hanging on the Crofs : In the 
 b fecond Light was pi&ured St. Cuthberi, with certain 
 |, Arms of the Ncvils finely done ; and four Turret 
 [{ Windows on the Top, having in them all the Ncvils* 
 I Arms, as they were joined in Matches. 
 
 4. In the fourth Window were two long Lights, di- 
 I vided with Stone Work, having in the firft Light the 
 I Pifture of ourblefTed Lady, St. John Baptift, and St. 
 ■ Paul; and in the fecond Light St. John the Evangelift 
 
 with the Chalkre in his Hand, St. Anne, and other 
 I Pittures, with the NevUs* Arms, and the Arms of 
 S thofe that were joined with them in Marriage : And 
 I * above were four Turret Windows, with the Nevih* 
 
 At ois in them all. 
 
 5. In the fifth Window were two fine long Lights, 
 having in the firft Light the Picture of the Angel Ga- 
 briel faluting the blefTed Lady : In the fecond Light 
 the Picture of the Virgin Mary, and two other Angels' 
 
 : with *Scutcheonsof the Arms of the Nevils, an d others 
 with whom they have married on their Breaffs, one 
 Angel under Gabriel, the other Angel under oi^r blefied 
 Lady, painted out in fine colour'd Glafs with Knots. 
 
 6. In the fixth Window above the Seuth great Door 
 of the Church were two Lights, having in them no Pic- 
 tures ; and above were four Tower Lights, having in* 
 them the Arms of four feveral Noblemen. 
 
 K 3 7. Cve 
 
1 02 The Ant iq^uitie s 
 
 7, Over the Galiley Door was the feventh 
 Window, having no Pittures ; but four Turret Win- 
 dows in White Glafs. 
 
 In the North Alley of the Lanthorn. 
 
 On the Wejl Side of this Alley, above the Stair-cafe 
 Door, was only oneWindow, having three long Lights : 
 In the firft Light was the Pi&ure of St. John the Bap- 
 tift, with the Lamb of God in his Hands : In thefecond 
 Light was the Picture of our bleffed Lady, with the 
 Picture of a Monk in a Blue Habit upon his Knees,, 
 holding up his Hands to her ; and above his Head 
 is written, Mater Dei, miferere mei — Mother of God 
 have Mercy upon me. And in the third Light was the 
 Picture of St. John the Evangelift, with a Reed in his 
 Hand, and underneath him the Nevils* Crofs and Bull's 
 Head ; with two Tower Windows above; and the 
 Picture of God Almighty in the higheft, in fine co- 
 loured Glafs. 
 
 And further, in this Alley were three Altars, and 
 behind every Altar one Glafs Window, having three 
 long Lights, feparated from each other by Stone Work. 
 
 1 . The firft Altar was called St. Giles's Altar ; and in 
 that Window, in the firft Light, was pi&ured St. Ni- 
 cholas, having under his Feet written, Sanftus Nicho- 
 las, Epifcopus — St. Nicholas, Bifhop. In thefecond 
 Light is pictured Nicodcmns, or, as others fay, Jofeph 
 of Arimathea, with bloody Hands and pace, taking 
 and bearing the Weight of Chrift on the Crofs in his 
 Arms : And in the third Light was pictured St. Giles in 
 a Blue Habit, with a Hind at his Feet fhot with a 
 Shaft. 
 
 2. The fccond IJght was called St. Grego?y y $ Altar, 
 and behind it a Window of three Lights, divided with 
 
 Stone 
 
5f Durham Abbey. 105 
 
 Stone Work : In the firft Light of that Window was 
 the Pifture of St. Gregory : In the fecond Light 
 the Pi&ure of our bleffed Lady, with Chrift in her 
 Arms ; and one W. teaion. Sub-prior, pictured in his 
 Blue Habit, kneeling and holding up his Hands, with 
 thefe Words underneath him, W. Seaton, Sub-prior : 
 And in the third Light was a Biftiop with a Crofs on his 
 Shoulder, called St. Ambrofe. 
 
 3. The third is called St. Benedicts Altar, having 
 the like Window : In the firft Light was the Picture of 
 St. Benedict in a Blue Habit, with a Crofier Staff in 
 his* Hand ; underneath him was the Pidture of St. Hie- 
 rome, with a Cardinal's Hat on his Head : And in the 
 fecond Light, the Picture of Chrift as he arofe from 
 the Dead, and the Pifture of a Prior in a Blue Ha- 
 bit, kneeling and holding up his Hands before the Al- 
 tar, with a Mitre fet upon it : In the third Light was 
 the Pifture of St. Catherine, with the Wheel in her 
 Hand ; underneath her the Pifture of Mary Magda- 
 len, with an Alabafter Box in her Hand, as fhe a- 
 nointed Chrift : And above were three Tower Windows 
 with Angels in fine colour'd Glafs. 
 
 The Orders of St. Benedict were fet forth in their 
 Pi&ures about the Altar in Wainfcot, with a Partition, 
 the Friars within, and the Monks without. 
 
 In the South Alley of the Lanthorn* 
 
 In this Alley were three Altars, called HoughwelPs 
 Altar, the Lady of Bolton's Altar, and St. Fides's Altar 
 towards the South, each having a Window behind it. 
 
 1. The firft Altar had a fine Glafs Window with 
 three long Lights ; In the firft Light was the Picture of 
 of St. Catherine, with the Wheel in her Hand, and 
 under her an Ax: In the fecond Light the Picture 
 of our blefled Lady, with Chrift in her Arms ; and un 
 
 der 
 
1 04 $he Antiquities 
 
 der her a Monk in Blue a Habit, kneeling and praying t 
 In the third Light was the Pi&ure of St. Margaret, 
 and under her the Pifttire of St. Chriftopher, bearing 
 Chrift on his Shoulders over the Water, having a 
 Staff flourifhing in his Hand: And three Turret Win- 
 dows, with the Picture of St. John the Baptift in 
 Prifon, having a Grate before him, and a Book in 
 one Hand, w r ith the Lamb of God upon it, point- 
 ing unto it with his other ; as when Chrift fent di- 
 vers MefTengers unto John, being then in Prifon, and 
 pointing unto the Lamb with his Finger, faying, Ecce 
 Agnus Dei — Behold the Lamb of God : Which 
 was Chrift, who was queftioned of thofe fent to him 
 to learn of him who he was. 
 
 2. The fecond Altar had a Window with three 
 like Lights, having in the firft St. John the Evangelift, 
 with a Reed in his Right Hand, and an Eagle Upon 
 his Book in his Left Hand ; and under him the Pic- 
 ture of St. Nicholas : In the fecond Light, the Pifture 
 of our Lady of Bolton, with a Golden Mace in her 
 Hand, and a Crown of Gold on her Head ; and a 
 Monk under her Feet kneeling and praying : In the 
 third Light, the Picture of St. Stephen, with Stones 
 in his Hands, wherewith he was martyr d ; and under 
 him the Pidture of St. the John Baptift, with the Lamb 
 in his Hand ; with three Towers in colour'd Glafs, 
 with Angels pictured in them. 
 
 3. The third Altar had the like Window : In the 
 firft Light was the Picture of the blefted Virgin, with 
 Chrift in her Arms ; and under her the Pifture of St. 
 Fides : In the fecond Light the Pifturc of God the 
 Father, with Chrift in his Arms, as proceeding from 
 the Father ; under him was the Piflure of St. Thomas ; 
 and under St. Tho?nas> a Monk in a Blue Habit, hold- 
 ing up his Hands and praying : In the third Light was 
 the Pidiure of St. Leonard; under him St. Laurence ;■ 
 
 and 
 
of Durham Abbey. i 05 
 
 and in the high Part of the Window, in a little Tur- 
 ret, was St. SeJe in a Blue Habit, and the other two 
 little Turrets had two Angels. 
 
 4. In the End of the laid Altar, Southward, was a 
 fine Giafs Window with three long Lights : In the 
 middle or firft Light was thePictureof Chrift crucified, 
 and underneath the Picture of a Monk in a Blue Habit, 
 kneeling and holding up his Hands, having written 
 |iWe ills Head, Clnifte Jefu Thomas des Gaudium — 
 Chrift Jefus make Thomas glad. And in the fe- 
 cond Light, the Picture of the Virgin Mary on one 
 Side of Chrift : And in the third Light, the Picture of 
 St. John the Evangelift on the other Side of Chrift : 
 And above all three Lights, with, the Picture of God 
 Almighty, with a Globe in his Hand, in the middle 
 Lights ; and the Pictures of two Angels on each Side 
 of God, in either of the other two Lights. 
 
 5. There was a Window towards the Cloyfters, 
 Weft of the Clock, which had three Lights : In the firft 
 was the Picture of our Lady ; under her, the Pic- 
 ture of St. Cuthbert, with St. OfwalcTs Head in his 
 Hand : In the fecond Light, our Saviour Chrift on 
 the Crofs, with INRI over his Head, and Angels re- 
 ceiving Blood and Water from his Side, and two An- 
 gels receiving Blood from his Feet, and the Picture of 
 the Sun and Moon wanting their Light above his 
 Head ; under the Picture of Chrift was the Picture of 
 our Lady, and under her, the Picture of a Monk in 
 alBlue Habit, kneeling and holding up his Hands, hav- 
 ing above his Head, Mater Dei miferere mei — Mother 
 of God have Mercy upon me : And in the third Light 
 was the Picture of St. John the Baptift, and St. Of w aid 
 under him, as he was King, in bis princely Attire. 
 
 In 
 
io6 The Antiquities 
 
 - In the North Alley of the §>uire were four colour' J 
 Glafs Windows. 
 
 1. The firft had four long Lights and a Cafement : 
 In the firft Light was pictured our blefTed Lady, with 
 Chrifb in her Arms, with a triple Crown of Gold on 
 her Head : In the fecond Light, St, Anne : In the 
 third Light, Mary Magdalen : In the fourth Light, 
 St. Mary, Cleophas, and Salome, being the three Ma- 
 ries : And one Tower Window. 
 
 2. In the fecond were four Lights : In the firft was 
 St. Michael the Archangel, with a Sword in one Hand, 
 and a Staff with a Crofs thereon in the other Hand, 
 killing the Dragon : The fecond Light had St. Ca- 
 therine, with the Wheel in her Hand, and a naked 
 Sword ; and had written above her Head, Sanfla Ca- 
 therina — Saint Catherine : In the third Light, our 
 Lady with Chrift in her Arms; above her Head was 
 written, San&a Maria — Saint Mary ; under her Feet 
 the Picture of a*Monk in a Blue Habit, praying, and 
 had written above his Head, Mater Dei miferere mei 
 — Mother of God have Mercy upon me ; and under 
 his Feet, Dominus Georgius Cornforth — Mr George 
 Gornforth : And in the fourth Light, St. Cuthbert, 
 with King Ofwald's Head in his Hand, and above him 
 written, Sanctus Cuthbertus : And above all were feven 
 Tower Lights of White Glafs, and below two Knots 
 of White Glafs. 
 
 3. In the third were four Lights : In the firft was the 
 Pi&ure of St. Ofwald, King, with a Crofs on his 
 Breaft : Iri the fecond Light, St. Cuthbert, with Sanc- 
 tus Cuthbertus written under him : In the third Light, 
 St. Gregory, with Sanftus Gregorius under him : 
 In the fourth Light, a Monk travelling to the Sea- 
 fide, and wafhing his Feet, who found St. Cuthbert 
 Handing in the Sea, above his Shoulders, holding up 
 
^Durham Abbey. 107 
 
 his Hands, and faying his Prayers : Alfo another Monk 
 lying on the Top of a Rock, leaning his Head on his 
 Hand, and beholding holy St. Cuthbert, where he 
 flood in the Sea at his Prayers. 
 
 Above thefe were feven Tower Windows, in fine 
 colour'd Glafs, having feveral Pictures in them. 
 
 4. In the fourth Window were four Lights, contain- 
 ing in the firft the Pidlure of Bi{hop Aidane ': In the 
 fecond, St. Cuthbert : In the third, St. Mary : And 
 in the fourth, St. Ofwald, the King, finely fet out in co- 
 lour'd Glafs. And three Turret Windows, having the 
 Pictures of two Angels offering Incenfe to the Picture 
 of Chrift in the higheft, with twelve colour'd Knots. 
 
 The South Alky of the Shnre. 
 
 1. In the firft Window were four Lights : The firft 
 had St. Cuthbert, with King Ofwald's Head in his 
 Hand : The fecond, St. Ofwald, the King, with his 
 Scepter in his Hand : The third, Mary, with Chrift in 
 her Arms : The fourth, St. George in Blue Armour, 
 killing the Dragon ; and underneath four Efcutcheons, 
 with the Arms of St. Cuthbert, St. Ofwald., our Lady, 
 and St. George : And above all three Turret Windows 
 in White Glafs, with Knots finely wrought in, co- 
 loured Glafs upon them. 
 
 2. The fecond Window had four Lights: In the 
 firft, the Picture of St. Peter with Keys in his Hand ; 
 under his Feet, Ss. Petrus ; above his Head, Credo 
 in Deum — I believe in God, In the fecond Light, St. 
 Andrew, with Ss„ Andreas under his Feet ; and above 
 his Head, Et in Jefum Chrifium — And in Jefus Chrift. 
 In the third Light, St. James, with a Staff and Crofier 
 on it in his Hand; under his Feet, Ss. Jacobus , and 
 above his Head, Qui conceptus, &c. — Who was con- 
 ceived, 6v. In the fourth Light, St. John ; under him, 
 
 Ss. 
 
io8 The Ahtiq^uities 
 
 Ss. Joannes ; and above him, Paffus fub Pontio, — 
 Suffered under Pontius, 6r. And I } Turrets, and 
 the Picture- of God Almighty, in fine coloured Glafr, 
 above all. 
 
 3. In the third Window were four Lights : In the 
 firft was St. Ihomas ; under him, Ss Th:mas .* and 
 above his Head, Defcendit ad inferos & refurrexit a 
 mortuis — He defcended into Hell, and rofe again from 
 the Dead. In the fecond Light was St. James j un- 
 der him, Ss. Jacobus, Minor ; and above, Et fedit ad 
 dextram, 6r. — And fitteth at the Right Hand, 6r. 
 In the third Light St. Philip ) under him, Ss. PM- 
 lippus ; and above, Inde v venturns, 6r.— From thence 
 he ftull come, &c. And in the fourth, the Picture 
 of Ss- Bartholomew,- and under him, St. Barthclomeus ; 
 and above, Credo in fpirkum fanctum — I believe in 
 the Holy Ghoft, &c. And four fine Knots, in coloured 
 Glafs, and fixteen Tower Windows, in White Glafs. 
 
 4. In the fourth Window were four Lights : In the 
 firft was St. Barbara, with a Caftle in her Hand : In 
 the fecond, St. Andrew : In the third, St. John the 
 Evangelift : And in the fourth, St. James, with a Pil- 
 grim's Staff in his Hand, and his Scrip about him: 
 And above three Tower Windows ; and in the higheft, 
 the Picture of Chrift crucified, with Mary and John 
 ou each Hand of him, in finely coloured Glafs. 
 
 In th* Vejlry are four VAndows. 
 
 In the firft towards the Eajl was the fineft Window, 
 containing five long Lights, divided with Stone Work, 
 having in the Middle the Picture of Chrift crucified ; 
 and above his Head a Pelican pictured, giving her 
 Blood to her young Ones, as Chrift gave his for the 
 whole World ; on one Side, the Picture of our blefled 
 Lady wringing her Hands, and moft pitifully lament- 
 
^Durham Abbe y. 109 
 
 ing his Death ; and the Picture of St. John the Evan- 
 gelift, leaning his Head upon the Ball of his Hand, 
 with Tears falling from his Eyes, on the other Side : 
 And the Picture of venerable Bedc in a fine Blue Ha- 
 bit, on the North Side of our Lady ; and St. Leonard 
 on the South Side of St. John, all finely fet out Hi 
 colour'd Glafs. 
 
 In the fecond Window were three proportionable 
 Lights : In the firft was the Picture of St. Ofwald, with 
 a Ball and a Crofs in one Hand, and a Scepter in the 
 other : In the fecond, the Picture of oar Lady, with 
 Chrift in her Arms : And in the third, the Picture 
 of St. Culhbert, with St. Of w aid's Head in his Hand, 
 and the Picture of a Monk, called Thomas Morcfcy, 
 devoutly kneeling, with Mater Dei miferere mei, (Mo- 
 ther of God have Mercy upon me) written above his 
 Head. 
 
 In the third Window were three. Lights : In the 
 firft was the Picture of the Salutation of the Angel 
 Gabriel to the bleiTed Virgin Mary. In the fecond, 
 our blcflfed Lady with a little Pot before her, and 
 underneath her the Picture of the Prior of Goldinghdih, 
 named IV. Drape, having a Crofier Staff in one Hand, 
 a Book in the other, in a Black Habit, kneeling and 
 holding up his Hands, with Mater Dei miferere mci, 
 (Mother of God have Mercy upon me) written above 
 his Head, and under him, IV. Drape, Prior de Cold- 
 vigham ? And in the third Light, the Picture of St. 
 Ebba y a Priorefs, at her Prayers, with thefe Words, 
 Ave Maria gratia plena, Dominus tecum — Hail Mary 
 full of Grace, the Lord is with thee. 
 
 In the fourth Window were three Lights : In the 
 firft, the Picture of Bifhop Jftdane, in his Epifcopal 
 Attire, with his Crofier Staff in his Hnnd. In the 
 fecond, the Picture of Bifhop William, in his Mats Ap- 
 parel, and a Staff in his Hand, with a Crofier there - 
 
 L upon; 
 
i io T he Antiquities 
 
 upon ; and under him a Monk in a Blue Habit, called 
 Thomas Rome, having written under him, Tho. Rome 
 Sacrafta, and above him, Sanfte Wilielme ora pro no- 
 bis — St. William pray for us. And in the third Light, 
 the Picture of St. Bede in a Blue Habit, all fet forth 
 in fine coloured Glafs. 
 
 The Nine Altars. 
 
 In the Midft was the Altar of St. Cuthbert and St. 
 Bede, above which was a fine long Window, with 
 Stone Work Partitions, and a crofs Divifion in the 
 Middle: In the firft Light was St. Cuthbert, with King 
 Cfwahts Head in one Hand, and his Croiier Staff in 
 the other, in his Habit as he ufed to fay Mafs, viz. 
 his Aibe and Red Veftment. In the fecond Light was 
 St. Bcde in a Blue Habit : Thefe two were in a higher 
 Light, and under their Feet were the Pictures of two 
 Bifhops, with Crofier Staves in their Hands, kneeling 
 and looking up to them in their Epifcopal Attire, with 
 Mitres on their Heads, one under St. Cuthbert, and 
 the other under St. Bede. In the lower Lights were 
 the Birth of St Cuthbert ; and the Picture of St. Of- ^ 
 ivald blowing his Horn, and St. Cuthbert appearing 
 to St. Ofwald: And the Draught of Bifhop Langley^s 
 Arms in fine coloured Glafs, and four Turret Win- 
 dows containing our blefied Lady with the Lilly he- 
 iore her, and the Salutation. 
 
 On the South Side of St. Cuthbert and St. Bede's 
 Altar, was the Altar of St. Ofwald and St. La-wrence, 
 having above it a Window of the Shape with the laft, 
 (as ail the Windows of the nine Altars were) having 
 the Picture of St. Ofwald with a Sceprre in his Hand, 
 a golden Crown on his Head, and a Crofs and Ball 
 in his Left Hand : Under him Bifhop Langley in his 
 Pontifical Habit, and above him was written, Ofancla 
 
 Mater i 
 
^Durham Abbey. hi 
 
 Mater Dei ora pro me — holy Mother of GoJ pray 
 for me : And under him, Orate pro Thoma Langley, 
 Epifcopo Dunelm — Pray for Thomas Langhy, Biihop 
 of Durham. There was alfo the Pifture of St. Lau- 
 rence and his Gridiron, with the Arms and Efcutcheon 
 of Bifbop Langley under him, viz, a Crown of Gold 
 above his Helmet, and within the Crown, the Creft, 
 being a Buftl of Oftrich Feathers finely fet forth in 
 Red and Green painted Glafs, 
 
 The lower Lights contain the Story of St. Of- 
 ivaLfs Beheading, and being on his Bier accompanied 
 by St. Cuthbert and others, and the Sun-beams fhin- 
 ing on them, when they laid him on the Bier ; to- 
 gether with the Story of St. Laurence's Death. In the 
 Crofs Divifion are four little Lights, bearing four Stars 
 or Mullets. At the Top, were four Turret Windows, 
 with our Saviour Chrift, our blefled Lady, and other 
 Figures, In moft curious Workmanfiiip. 
 
 2. The fecond Altar was the Altar of St. Thomas of 
 Canterbury and St. Catherine, above which the Win- 
 dow v/as made with the like Lights, containing the 
 Martyrdom of St Thomas in one Light : And the Story 
 of St. Catherine's being brought before the King and 
 tortured on the Wheel, with two Angels feparating 
 the Wheels that they ihould not torment or torture 
 her ; and after that her Commitment to Prifon, and. 
 then looking out at a Grate, and the Beheading her 
 afterwards in the King's Prefence; with certain Arms 
 and Efcutcheons, in the four Turret Windows, under 
 the Midft of the faid Window, divided, and the Pic- 
 tures of four Bifhops, in four little Turret Windows, 
 and the Pifture of our blefTed Lady above all, in a 
 Blue Habit. 
 
 j. The third was the Altar of St. John the Baptifr 
 and St. Margaret. The Window above had St. John 
 the Baptift on the one Side, with the Lamb and Crofs 
 L 2 ia 
 
.112 
 
 The Antiquities 
 
 in his Hand, with thefe Words written above him, Ecce 
 Agnus Dei — Behold the Lamb of God. Under him a 
 Monk, called Thomas Batterby, in a Blue Habit, and thefe^ 
 Words written above him, Adjuva me Divine Magifter 
 fancte Cuthberte — Divine St. Cuihbert help me. Alfa 
 his baptizing of Chrift in Jordan ; his being brought 
 before Herod; and after that beheaded. Then fol- 
 lows St. Margaret overcoming the Dragon, with thefe 
 Words above her, Sancta Margareta ; then being 
 brought before the King, fhe was condemned, and by 
 his Command was hanged by the Hair of her Head, 
 and drawn up by a Windlafs, and put into a Tun of 
 Oil, which would not kill her, becaufe the Fire would 
 not confume it ; and fo fhe was beheaded. And above 
 all are four Turret Windows, containing the Picture 
 of our biefTed Lady, and others finely coloured. 
 
 4. The fourth Altar was flirmounted by its Win* 
 dow, or the Window of St. Andrew and Mary Mag- 
 dalen. In the firft Light was St. Andrew with aCrofs 
 over his Body, and above his Head, Sanftus Andreas. 
 On the other Side St. Mary Magdalen, and under her 
 Sancta Maria Magdalena; and the Story of her kneel- 
 ing at her Prayers, and being brought before the King, 
 and fentenced to die ; with fome Part of the Story 
 of Chrift's anointing and vifiting the Sick. In the 
 four Turret Windows are the Pictures of tke four 
 Doctors of the Church ; St. Augitjline, St. Hierome, 
 St. Ambrofe, and St. Gregory, in fine Glafs. 
 
 On the North Side of St. Cuthbert and St. Bcde % % 
 Altar, was the Altar of St. Martin and St. Edmund. 
 
 1. In the Window above, of the fame Architecture, 
 was St. Martin in a Black Habit, with a Mitre on 
 his Head, and a Staff in his Hand, with a Crofs on 
 the Top thereof ; above him thefe Words, Sanctus 
 Martinus Archiepifcopus — St. Martin, Archbifhop. 
 In the fome Window, befides the Picture of St. Mar* 
 
 tin, 
 
^/ Durham Abbey. 113 
 
 tin, were certain Efcufcheons charged with Coats of 
 Arms ; and the Picture of a wicked Spirit, ia the 
 Likenefs of a Woman, who had got into the Cham- 
 ber and Bed of St. Edmund, intending to tempt the 
 holy Man to the abominable Sin of Fornication ; but 
 ihe by the Prayer and Devotioa of the faid holy Saint, 
 and his Contempt of that Sin, was fo abhorred and 
 detefted, that he with a Rod did fwitch and beat her 
 out of his Bed. Alfo the Picture of St. ESnimdm a Red 
 Epifcopal Attire, with a Crofs, having a Staff under 
 it—in his Hand, and' tbefe Words over hirh, Sanctus 
 Edmundus EpifcopuS — St. Edmund, Bifhop. Above 
 in the Turret Windows, was Bifhop Skirlaw's Picture 
 and an Angel finely painted on each Side. On the 
 other Side, under St. Edmund, were the Arms of Doc- 
 tors and Noblemen, perfectly drawn on the Breads of 
 four Angels in four Turret Windows. 
 
 2. The fecond was the Altar of St. Peter and St. 
 Paid, having, the like Window and Lights, contaitting 
 the Picture of St. Peter, with Crofs Keys in his Hand, 
 and underneath, Sanclus Petrus : Here was the Miracle; 
 of Peter's walking towards Chrift upon the Sea, and 
 his Danger of finking, till Chrift took him by the 
 Hand and helped him. Under the middle Stone Work 
 were the Pictures of four Efcutcheons charged with 
 Arms, Then was reprefented St. Paul persecuting 
 the Church at Damafcus, and his being firuck with 
 Blindnefs, and the Manner of his becoming an Apcf- 
 tie, having written on his Bread, Saule, Saule, quid 
 tu me perfequeris ? — Saul, Saul, why perfecutefl thon 
 me. And afterwards his being brought before Ca/ar, 
 and his being beheaded. And above were four little 
 Turret Windows with four fine Pictures, viz. St. 
 Cedda, St. Cuthbert, St. Aidane, and another Bifhop 
 unknown : And above all the Picture of God Almighty. 
 
 3 3. The 
 
i 1 4 The Antiquities 
 
 3. The third was the Picture of St. Aidane and 
 St. Helena, with the like Windows and Lights, pre- 
 senting the Picture of St. Aidane in his Epifcopal At- 
 tire, with a Crofier in his Hand ; whofe Soul after his 
 Death wasreprefented to be carried to Heaven in a Sheet 
 by two Angels. In this were fome Part of the Hiftory 
 of Chrift, and the Picture of a King and two other 
 Saints ; as alio the Picture of St. Helena in a Blue 
 Habit, Hie being a Princefs, which contained the Story 
 of the Religious of all Orders of her Sex, and her re- 
 fort in g often to their Churches ; and the Picture of 
 our Lady and the Angel Gabriel appearing to her, and 
 the Holy Ghoft overlhadowing her, with the Lilly 
 fpringing out of the Lilly Pot ; and underneath the 
 middle Stone Work were four Angels. Above were four 
 Turret Windows, with four Apoffies, and the Picture 
 of God Almighty above all, in another little Window, 
 with Chrift in his Arms. 
 
 4. The fourth was the Altar of the Archangel St. 
 Michael Its Window contained the Pictures of eight 
 ieveral Orders of Angels, in eight feveral diftinct Pic- 
 tures, viz. one Angel, and under him written, Che- 
 rubins, Seraphins. A fecond, and under him, Arch- 
 angeli — Archangels. Athird, and under him, Angeli 
 — Angels. A fourth, and under him, Principatus — 
 Principalities. A fifth, and tinder him, Dominationes 
 — Dominions. A fixth, and under him, Poteftates 
 — Powers. And above all, in four Turret Windows, 
 the Pictures of four Archangels winge l, with Wheels 
 under their Feet, and their Names written on their 
 Wings. Above all, in one little Tower Window, the 
 Picture of God Almighty. 
 
Appendix, 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 See P. 23, 24. 
 
 Scripture fub imaginihus regum, ad qftium chori ee- 
 ckjig Dunelmenjls ad auftrum. 
 
 In Englifti. 
 
 Infer ipiions under the Effigies of the Kings at the South 
 Boor of the Share, in the Church of Durham* 
 
 OCTO Reges, totius Angliae, qui antiquas pof- 
 fefliones, & libertates ecclefice Si. Cuthberti 
 confirmaverunt, & plures de novo addide- 
 
 runt. 
 
 EIGHT Kings of all England, who confirmed 
 the ancient PofTeilions and Privileges of the Church 
 of St. Cuthbert, and added more new ones. 
 
 1 . Rex Weft Saxonum Aiuredus per Danos op- 
 preffus, & per Sm. Cuthbertum in forma pauperis 
 vifitatus, & confortatus de Danis triumphans mo- 
 narchal eft effe&us; & fuo adjutori So. Cuthberto ter- 
 rain inter Teiam & Tinam, cum regalitate contulit 
 poilidendam. 
 
 I. Alured King of the Weft Saxons; being op- 
 prefled by the Danes, was vifited by St Cuthbert in 
 the Form of a poor Man, who gave him fuch Encou- 
 ragement againft the Danes, that he became a trium- 
 phant Monarch : Therefore he gave to his Afliftant, 
 
 St. 
 
x 1 6 Appendix. 
 
 St. Guthbert, fill the Lands between the Tees and 
 the Tyne, with the Royalty thereof. 
 
 2. Ilex Edwardus fenior, films Aluredi patri fuo 
 cedens, memor beneficii fuo patri per Sm. Cuthbertum 
 impenfi, eundem fanctum, & foam ecclefiam, mul- 
 tum honoravit, & privilegiavit ; plurimaque dona 
 regalia eidem conferebat. 
 
 2. King Edward the Elder, Son of Alured, fuo 
 ceeded his Father, and in Memory of the Kindnefs 
 done to him by^ St. Cuthbert, gave great Honour to 
 that Saint and his Church ; and granted many Privi- 
 leges to, and bellowed many Royal Gifts upon the fame. 
 
 3. Rex Ethelftanus filius Edwardi primi, a patre 
 monitus Sm. Cuthbertum, & ipfius ecclefiam pluribus 
 ditavifr, & pofTeffiones per Danos ablatos pro magna 
 parte reflituit, ac ecclefiam Beverl.acenfern in mul- 
 tis honoravit & privilegiavit. 
 
 3. King Ethelftan, Son of Edward the Firft, being 
 admoni£hed by his Father, enriched St. Cuthbert and- 
 his Church in many Things; and reftored, in a great 
 Meafure, the PofTefTions that were taken away by the 
 Danes; arid honoured and granted many Privileges 
 to the Church at Beverly. 
 
 4. Edmundus Rex, frater Ethelftani legem Cuth- 
 berti, ut in vulgari Saxonico dicltur, Mid, Fulloiv 
 Indon & Wreck, & Witviter, & Inner, & Sacca, & 
 Socue, cum plenis Iegibus & confuetudinibus omni: 
 terns Si. Cuthberti dedit, & fuper fepulchrurn ejus 
 obtulit. 
 
 4. King Edmund, Brother of Athelftan, gave the 
 Law of St. Cuthbert, as it is called in the Vulgar 
 Saxon, to all the Lands of St. Cuthbert, viz. Mid, 
 Fullon, Indon and Wreck, and Witviter, and Inner, 
 and Sac, and Soc, with all the Laws and Cuftoms 
 in full. He alfo made an Offering at St. Cuthbert's 
 Shrine. 
 
 5: Rex 
 
A P P E N D I X, 
 
 117 
 
 5. Rex Angliae & Danamarchiae Kahutus, ad cor- 
 i pus Si. Cutbberti Dunelmum, nudis pedibus a Gar- 
 £ muadisway venit ; ejufque lervientibus monachis 
 I Staindropam, cum appendicijs donavit, Scotos, Wan- 
 I dalos, Norwagenfes fubjugavit; & in locis quibus 
 I pugnavit ecclefias fundavit. 
 
 5. Canute, King of England and Denmark, came 
 barefooted from Gannundifway to St. Cuthberfs 
 
 I Shrine, at Durham. He gave Staindrop, with all 
 : its^ Appurtenancee, to the Monks, who officiated 
 there. He fubdued the Scots, the Vandals, and the 
 Norwegians, and built Churches in the feveral 
 Places where he fought. 
 
 6. Rex Wilielmus conqueftor omnes terras & liber- 
 tates, quas antiqui Reges Anglorum, So. Cuthberto 
 
 ! dederunt, ratlficavit ; Hovedenfhire Epifcopo, & Hem- 
 | minburgh monachis Dunelm, de novo donavit; & 
 
 Billingham, quod mali homines abftulerunt monachis 
 
 reftituit. 
 
 6. King William the Conqueror confirmed all the 
 PofTeffions and Privileges, which the ancient Kings of 
 England had granted , to St. Cuthbert. He renewed 
 the Gift of Hovedenihire to the Bifhop, and of Hem- 
 mingburgh to the Monks of Durham, and reftored 
 Billingham to the Monks, which evil-minded Men 
 had taken from them. 
 
 7. Rex Wilielmus fecundus dedit So. Cuthberto & 
 Wilielmo epifcopo & fuccefToribus fuis Alvertonfhire, 
 & monachis Dunelm ecclefias de Alverton, Siggefton, 
 & de Rimton, & plures terras in comitatu Notingham, 
 ac etiam antiques libertates eccleiiae Dunelm. confirm- 
 avit. 
 
 7. King William the Second gave to St. Cuthbert 
 and William theBifhop, and to their SuccefTors, Alver- 
 ton (hire ; and to the Monks of Durham, the Churches 
 of Alverton, Siggefton, and Runton, and many Lands 
 
 in 
 
Appendix. 
 
 in the County of Nottingham ; and confirmed the an- 
 cient Privileges of the Church of Durham. 
 
 8. Rex Henricus primus hanc legem, So. Cuth- 
 berto conftituit ; quatenus omnis terra, quse ei data, 
 five de illius pecunia empta fuerit, libera & quieta, 
 cum omnibus terris ejus, ab omnibus confuetudinibus 
 quce ad regis cor onam pertinent, i'ta ut nullum jus in 
 ea ulterius expetat, cujufcunque debiti vel fervitutis 
 ante fuifle conftiterit. 
 
 8. King Henry the Firft made this Law for St. 
 Cuthbert, viz. That all the Lands that were giveii 
 him, or were purchafed with his Money, with all his 
 other Efbtes, fhould be free and exempt from all 
 cuftomary Duties, which pertained to the King, or 
 his Crown; fo that he defired no further Right to 
 any Duty, or Service of any Kind whatever. 
 
 Script ura fum irnaginihus regum ad cfiium chori ecclefia 
 
 Dumhicnfis ad Boream. 
 Infcriptions under the Effigies of the K'mgs at the North 
 Door of the £*uire> in the Church of Durham. 
 
 SEX Reges Northumblae a .Trente & Merce, Ufq; 
 Fcorth, ubi eft mare Scoticum. Et duo Reges 
 Scotiss promotores hujus ecclefiae, fedis epifcopalis, & 
 c^tus monachalis. 
 
 SIX Kings of Northumberland, from- the Trent and 
 fheMerfey, to the Forth, or Scottifh Sea; and two. 
 Kings of Scotland, Promoters of the Intereil of this 
 Church, Epifcopal See, and Monaftry. 
 
 Cfwaidus fanftus fundator ecclefiae & fedls epifco- 
 palis, ?.c aetus monchalis, qui quondam efat in Lin- 
 disfarnia, nunc funt in Dunelmo; cujus caput cum 
 corpore Si. Cuthberti requiefcit. 
 
 St. Ofwald, the Founder of this Church, Epifcopal 
 See, and College of Monks, which were formerly at 
 
 Lin- 
 
Appendix. Up 
 
 Lindisfarne, but now at Durham. His Head lies 
 buried with the Body of St. Cuthbert. 
 
 Rex Ofwin, frater Si.Ofwaldi, Pendam regem Mer- 
 ciorum paganum Si. Ofwaldi occiforem in bello fupe- 
 ravit & occidit, & pro hac victoria, a Deo concefla, 
 plura monafteria, fundavit & dotavit, quorum fex 
 crant in -Deira & fex in Bernicia. 
 
 King Ofwin, Brother of St. Ofwald, fubdued Pen- 
 da, a Pagan King of the Mercians, who put St. Of- 
 wald to Death. In Gratitude to God for this Viftory, 
 he founded and endowed many Monafleries; fix 
 whereof are in Deira, and fix in Bernicia. 
 
 Egfridus Rex Northumbrian 3m. Cuthbertum confe- 
 crari fecit in epifcopum Lindisfarnenfem, & fibi dedit 
 civitatem Lugubham, quae nunc dicitur Carleil ; ac 
 Manerium regium de Creak cum pertinentijs. Dedit 
 etiam polTeffiones ad fimdandum monafteria de War- 
 moth & Jorrow. 
 
 Egfrid, King of Northumberland, caufed St. Cuth- 
 bert to be confecrated Bifliop of Lindisfarne, and 
 gave him the City of Lugubha, now called Carlifle, 
 and the Royal Manner of Crake, with its Appurte- 
 nances. He alfo gave Lands for founding the Mo- 
 nafteries of Wearmouth and Jarrow. 
 
 Rex Northumbriae Alfridus dedit monachis Lindis- 
 farnenfibus locum in Ripon, ubi fundatum erat mo- 
 jiafterium monachorum ; in quo Ss. Cuthbertus ad 
 receptionem hofpitum deputatas angelum domini in 
 Ipecie hominis recepit, dedit & So. Wilfrido terram 
 juxta Stanfordiam, ubi eft prioratus Si. Leonardo 
 
 Alfrid, King of Northumberland, gave the Monies 
 of Lindisfarne a Place in Ripon, wh^re they founded 
 a College of Monks ; in which St. Cuthbert, being 
 deputed to receive Strangers, entertained an Angel of 
 God, in the Likenefs of Man, He alio gave Lands 
 
 to 
 
120 
 
 Appendix. 
 
 to St. Wilfrid near Stanford, where the Priory of St. 
 Leonard ftands. 
 
 Ss. Ceolwlfus Rex Northumbrian in fcientijs divinis 
 & humanis nobiliter inftructus, in tantum quod Beda 
 Librumde geftis Anglorum I Hi miflt ad examinandum, 
 anno nono regni fui relidla corona, fa&us eft mona- 
 chus Lindisfarnenfis, cujns oiTa, ut fandtae Reliquae 
 in ecclefiam hanc funt tranilata. 
 
 St. Cleoluph, King of Northumberland, excel- 
 lently (killed in the Sciences, both Human and Divine; 
 infornuch that St. Bede fent his Book of the publick 
 Afts of England to be revifed by him. In the ninth 
 Year of his Reign he abdicated his Crown, and be- 
 came a Monk at Lindisfarne. His Bones are removed 
 to this Church as facred Reliques. 
 
 Guthredus Rex per Sin. Cuthbertum, in regem pro- 
 motes, totam terram cum jure regali inter Tine & 
 Were eidem fanfto donavit. Adverfus quern fcoti 
 apud Mungdnigdene pugnaturi, fubito terrae hiatu font 
 abforpti precibus, Si. Cuthherti. 
 
 King Guthred, advanced to the Throne by St. 
 Cuthbert, gave to the faid Saint all the Lands between 
 the Tyne and the Wear, with the Royalty thereof. 
 When the Scots were about to give him Battle at 
 Mungdnigdene, on a Sudden, at the Prayers of St. 
 Cuthbert, the Earth opened and fwallowed them up. 
 
 Edgarus Rex Scotiae dedit Deo & So. Cuthberto ac 
 monachis in ecclefia Dunelmenfi fervientibus regiam 
 nianfionem de Coldingham, ubi dedicari fecit eccle- 
 fiam. Dedit & his plures villas in Lodoneyo fecund urn 
 voluntatem eorum difpondendas. 
 
 Edgar, King of Scotland, gave to God and St. 
 Cuthbert, and to the Monks officiating in the Church 
 at Durham, the Royal Manfion at Coldingham, where 
 he ordered a Church to be dedicated. He alfo gave 
 
 them 
 
Appendix- 
 
 12 1 
 
 them many Villages in Lodoneyo, to be difpofed of 
 as they had a Mind. 
 
 David Rex Scotias confirmavit donationem regis 
 Edgari fuper Coldingham, & alijs ; cujus donationi 
 ipfe David addidit plures villas Sc terras cum magnis 
 libertatibus, & Quietudinibus ac Franchcfijs ; confir- 
 mavit etiam ecclelias & villas eidem per alios datas. 
 
 David, King of Scotland, confirmed the Gift of 
 King Edgar, of Coldingham and the other Places. To 
 this Endowment David himielf added more Villages 
 and Lands, with great Privileges, Exemptions, and 
 Franchifes. He alfo confirmed to the fame the Churches 
 and Villages given by Others. 
 
 Scripture fib imaginibus pontificum ad cjlkmi cbori ec- 
 
 ckf.ee Dunehnenjis adaujirwn. 
 •Infer iptions under the Effigies of the Bijhops, at the South 
 Door of the $hdre y in the Church of Durham. 
 
 SAnclus Cuthbertus monachus, epifcopus Lindisfar- 
 nenfis, nunc patronus ecclefiae & civitatis, ac 
 libertatis Dunelm cujus corpus, poll: 418 annos fepul- 
 ^turas fuas, incorruptum & flexible, dormienti quain 
 mortuo fimilius eft inventum ; & fic vitam inremera 
 tarn commendat corporis incorrupt io. 
 
 St. Cuthbert, a Monk, Bimop of Lindisfarne, now 
 Patron of the Church, City, and Liberties of Dur- 
 ham ; whofe Body, after it had been burled four hun- 
 dred and eighteen Years, was found uncorrupted and 
 flexible, more like one afleep than dead ; and thus 
 bodily Incorruptioii recommends a pure and chafte 
 Life. 
 
 Ss. Eadbertus monachus, feptimus epifcopus Lin- 
 disfarnenfis : Vir, fapientia divinarum fciipturarum & 
 obfervantia prseceptorum carieflium, ac maxime opera- 
 tions Eleemofynarum infignis ; corpus Si. Cuthberti, 
 
 M pofl: 
 
Appendix. 
 
 poft undecim fcpulturae fuse annos, incorruptum & 
 flexible inventum, abfque lsefionc pannorum, quibus 
 erat involutum de 'erra juflevari, & Theca recondi- 
 tum fuper pavirnentum veneratione dignum locari, in 
 •cujus iepulchro idem Eadbertus fepultus erat, fed iri 
 ultima tranflatione corporis Si. Cuthberti ejus reliquiae 
 cum fanfto corpore funt repofitae, & in hac Dunel- 
 menfi ecclefia adhuc fervatse. 
 
 St. Eadbert, a Monk, the feventh Bifhop of Lin- 
 disfarne, a Man famous for underftanding the Holy 
 Scriptures and for his Obfervance of the heavenly 
 Precepts, and more efpecially for giving Alms. He 
 ordered the Body of St. Cuthbert (which was found 
 imcorrnpted and flexible, and the Clothes in which 
 it was wrapped, quite whole, after it had been bu- 
 ried eleven Years) to be taken up, put into a 
 Coffin, and placed above the Ground, as worthy of 
 Veneration: In this 'Grave the faid Eadbert was bu- 
 ried : But in the laft Tranflation of St. Cuthbert's 
 ■Body, his Reliques are repofited with the Holy Body, 
 and are yet preferred in this Church of Durham. 
 
 Ss. Eadfridus de habitu monachali o6tavus epifcopus 
 ecclefia* Lindisfarnenfis; hujus hortatu venerabilisBeda 
 prefbyter, & monachus Girvenfis vitam Si. Cuthberti 
 tarn in metro, quam in prola compofuit ; cujus ofla 
 in area cum corpore Si. Cuthberti funt inventa, & in 
 hac ecclefia Dunelmenfi confervata. 
 
 St. Eadfrid, a Monk, the eighth Bifhop of the 
 Church at Lindisfarne. By his Perfualion the vene- 
 rable Bede, Prefbyter and Monk of Jarrow, wrote 
 the Life of St. Cuthbert both in Verfe and Profe ; 
 whole Bones are in the fame Coffin with the Body of 
 St. Cuthbert, and are preferved in this Church of 
 Durham. 
 
 Ss. Ethelwoldus de habitu monachal! norms epifco- 
 5 pus ecclefiae Lindisfarnenfis ; hie primo religiofe vit# 
 
 abbas 
 
Appendix. 
 
 I abbas & prelbyter monafterij Mailrofenfis, & quondam 
 B. Cuthberti dignus NBaifter erat, ac epifcopas cou- 
 | lecratus fanftiffimc vixit & obijt ; cujus offa cum cor- 
 | pore Si. Cuthberti, inventa, & in hac ecclefia in fcrinio 
 i font repofita. 
 
 ; St. Ethelwold, a Monk, the ninth Bimop of the 
 I Church at Lindisfarne. He was at firft a religious- 
 I Abbot and Prelbyter of the Monaftry at Mailrofs, and 
 I fometime a worthy Minifter of the bleffed St Cuth- 
 I bert, and being confederated Bifhop, he lived and died 
 ? moll pioufly. His Bones were found with the Body 
 lief St. Cuthbert, and are put into a Coffin in this 
 I Church. 
 
 Walcherus epifcopus fextus hujus loci, Dune! mi, & de 
 \ habku feculari confecratus. Hie Walcherus reperiens 
 I in alba ecclefia,. quse erat in loco, ubi nunc eft tumba 
 Si. Cuthberti in ciauftro, cum paucis rnonachis, cie- 
 ricos ifeculares infolenter viventes, & ritum monacho- 
 5 rum in officio ' divino ferventes, propofuit monachos, 
 - quibus monafterium de Wermoth & de jarrow cum 
 mis pertinentijs prius commiferat, fecundum morem 
 Lindisfarnenfis ecclefise, eos, abique fecularibus mi- 
 ruflraturos, in hunc locum introducere; fed per Nor- 
 thumbrenfes in ecclefia deGatefhead peremptus, pro- 
 pofitum fuum ad affectum non perduxit. 
 
 Walcher, of the fecular Order, was confecrated the 
 fixth Bifhop of this Church. This Walcher finding, 
 in the White CKurch, which ffood upon the Place in 
 the Cloyfter where St. Cuthbert's Tornb is, fome fe- 
 cular Clergy, with a few Monks, living difordcrly, 
 and performing Divine Service after the Manner of 
 the Monks, propofed to bring to this Place the Monks 
 to whom he had before given the Charge of the Mo- 
 nafteries of Wearmouth and Jarrow, with their Appur- 
 tenances ; and that they mould perform Divine Ser- 
 vice after, the Manner of the Church at Lindisfarne 
 M 2 withput 
 
Appendix. 
 
 without the Seculars : But, being flain by the Nor- 
 thumbrians, in the Church of Gateftiead, his Purpofe 
 was not brought to Effect. 
 
 . Willielmus de So. Karilepho feptimus epifcopus hu- 
 jus loci, & de habitu monachal confecratus. Hie 
 Wiliielmus inteliigens propofitum fui predeceflbrisWal- 
 cheri de introduclione monachorum in locum, & quod 
 quid am de clericis hujus loci caufa erant necis Wal- 
 cheri epifcopi, fultus authoritate Apoftolica, & Regia 
 authoritate diftos Clericos de hoc loco ad ecclefias de 
 Auckland, & Darlington, & de Norton tranftulit, &Mo- 
 nachos de Warmoth & Jarrow hie induxit : Ac Ho- 
 vedenfhire a Rege Willielmo I. Et Alvertonfhire a 
 Rege Willielmo II. Et plures terras monachis hujus 
 ecclefiae adquifivit. Hunc chorum a fundamentis con- 
 jftruxit. 
 
 William Carileph, a Monk, was confecrated the 
 feVenth Bifnop of this Place. This William, under- 
 ftanding the Intention of his PredecefTor Walcher, of 
 bringing the Monks to this Place, and that certain of 
 the Clergy here were the Caufe of Bifhop Walcher's 
 Death, fupported both by Apoftolical and Regal Au- 
 thority, he tranflated the faid Clergy hence to the 
 Churches of Auckland, Darlington, and Norton, and 
 brought hither the Monks of Wearmouth and Jarrow. 
 He procured Hovendenfhire of King "William the Firft, 
 and Alvertonfhire ©f King William the Second, and 
 manv more Lands, for the Monks of this Church. He 
 built this Quire from the Foundation. 
 
 Ranulphus oftavus epifcopus hujus loci, & de ha- 
 bitu feculari confecratus. Hie Navim hujus ecclefiae 
 per PredeceflbremTuum immediatum Willielmum in- 
 choatam ad teclum perduxit. Corpus Si. Cuthberti de 
 loco in alba ecclefia, ubi nunc eft Tumba in clauftro, ' 
 poft annos depofitionis ejus 418, anno gratia 1109, 
 incorruptum & flexibile inventum, in hanc ecclefiam 
 
 tran- 
 
A p h n b f x. 125 
 
 tranflulit, Inter hanc eccclefiam & caftrum, deftru&is * 
 habitaculis, in planidem redegit ; hofpitale Kepier fun- 
 davit ; vcterem pontem de Framwelgate in Dunelmo, . 
 5? caftrum de Norham confiruxit > ac plura ornamenta 
 hnic ecclefix rcliquit, & erat epifcopus 29 annos. 
 
 Ranulph, of the fecular Order, was the eighth Bi- 
 ftop of this Place. He built the Body of this Church 
 up to the Roof, which was begun by William his im- 
 mediate Predeceflbr. The Body af St Cuthbert was 
 removed by him into this Church, from its Place in 
 the White Church, where the Tomb now is in the 
 Cioyfters. After it had been buried four hundred and 
 eighteen Years, it was found in the Year of Grace one 
 thoufand one hundred and nine, uncorrupted and flex- 
 ible. He pulled down the Houfes and made the Plain 
 between this Church and the Caftle. He founded 
 Kepier's Hofpital, and built the Old Bridge of Fram- 
 welgate, in Durham, and the CaJftle of Norham. He 
 left many Ornaments to this Church, and was Biftiop 
 twenty-nine Years. 
 
 Hugo de Puteaco undecimus hujus loci epifcopus 
 Dunelm. & de habitu feculari confecratus. Hie Hugo 
 de fanguine regio natus, & thefaurarius Eborum, elec- 
 tus per capkuium hujus ecclefiae, confecratus eft epif- 
 copus ejufdem per fummum pontificem. Gallileura 
 cam Feretro S. Bedae compofuit ; hofpitale de Sher- 
 burn furrdavit & dotavit ; pontern de Elvet, & plura 
 asdificia in. Caftello Dunelm, ae turrim validam in Nor- 
 ham, & ecclefiam de Darlington a fundamentis con- 
 firuxit ; Sadbergiam, quae antiquo jure hujus erat ec~ 
 clefiae, de manu regis pro undecim millibus librarum 
 redemit; ac preciofa ornamenta huic ecclefiae reliquit. 
 Jura & libertates Si. Cuthberti prudenter defendit ; ac 
 completis in epifcopatu 41 Annis, in domino feliciter 
 obdormivrt, & obJjt apud Hoveden 
 
 M 3 Hugh 
 
126 
 
 Appendix. 
 
 Hugh Pudfey, of the fecular Order, was conlecrated 
 the eleventh Bifhop of this Place. This Hugh was 
 of Royal Blood, and Treafurer of York. He was e- 
 le&ed by the Chapter of this Church, and confecrated 
 Bifhop of the fame, by the Pope. He built the Ga- 
 liley and St. Bede's Feretory. He founded and en- 
 dowed Sherburn Hofpital. He built Elvet Bridge, and 
 erefted feveral Buildings in the Caftle of Durham. 
 He alfo built the great Tower at Norham, and the 
 Church at Darlington from the Foundation. He pur- 
 chafed Sadburgh of the King, which of ancient Right 
 belonged to the Church, for eleven thoufand Pounds, 
 and left many valuable Ornaments to it. He pru- 
 dently maintained the Rights and Liberties of St. 
 Cuthbert • and having enjoyed his Bifliopriek full 
 forty-one Years, he happily fell afleep in the Lord, 
 and died at Hoveden. 
 
 Scripture fitb maginibus pontificvm, ad oftium, chart 
 
 ecclefia Dunelmenfis ex parte boreali. 
 Infcripiims under the Effigies of the BiJJjops, at the North 
 Door of the Quire y in the Church of Durham. 
 
 SAn&csA idanus natione Scotus, monachus monafrerrj 
 de Hij, epifcopus fa£tus, per Sm. Ofwaldum vo- 
 catus, anno gratis 635, fundavit fedem epifcopalem, 
 & monachorum congregationem in infula Lindisfar- 
 nenfi ; ac Gcntem Bernkiorum, coeperante So. Of- 
 waldo, ad fidem Chrifti convertit. Hujus Aidani ani- 
 mam Ss. Cuthbertus ab angelis in caelum deferri con- 
 fpexit, ejus caput & ofTa in hac ecclefia Dunelmenfi, 
 ut finftas reliquiae funt fervata. 
 
 St. Aidatte, a Scotchman, and Monk of theMonaftry 
 of Hi, made Bifhop by St. Ofwald in the Year of 
 Grace fix hundred and thirty-five, founded the Epif- 
 copal See and Congregation of Monks in the Ifland of 
 
 Lin- 
 
Appendix. 
 
 127 
 
 Lindisfarne, and with the Afliftance of St. Ofwald 
 converted the Bernician Nation to the Chriftian Faith. 
 St. Cuthbert faw the Angels carry the Soul of this 
 Aidane into Heaven, and his Head and Bones are pre- 
 ferved in this Church as facred Reliques. 
 
 Ss. Finanus natione Scotus & monachus, fecimdus 
 erat epifcopus Lindisfarnenfis ; hk baptizavit Sige- 
 bertum regem Ofientalium Saxonum, & Pendatn me- 
 diterraneorum Anglorum principem; aeBedam prelby- 
 terem & monachum ecclefiae Lindisfarnenfis ordinavir 
 epifcopum Gentis orientaliuin Saxonum, & completes in 
 epifcopatu decern annis in Domino felicite obdormivit. 
 
 St. Finane, a Scotchman, and Monk, was the fe» 
 cond Bifhop of Lindisfarne : He baptized Sigebert 
 King of the Eafl: Saxons, and Penda a Prince of Mer- 
 cia, and ordained Bede a Prefbyter and Monk of the 
 Church at Lindisfarne, Bifhop of the Eaft Saxons ; 
 and having been Bi (hop full ten Years, he fell afieep 
 peaceably in the Lord. 
 
 St. Eata monachus & abbas Mailrofenfis, & Lindis- 
 farnenfis fecit Sm. Cuthbertum monachum, ac prcepo- 
 fitum five priorem, primo Mailrofenfem, poll Lindis- 
 farnenfem, & dato loco ab Alfrido rege, in Ripon 
 fundavit monafterium, ubi Ss. Cuthbertus hofpitio 
 fufcepit angelum Domini. Et epifcopus faclus, quin- 
 tus in ordine rexit ecclefiam Lindisfarnenfem, fimul 
 cum ecclefia de Hexham, cujus ofFa in ecclefia de Hex- 
 ham funt Canonizata. 
 
 St. Eata, a Monk and Abbot of Mailrofs and Lin- 
 disfarne, made St. Cuthbert a Monk and Prior, at 
 firfr, of Mailrofs, and afterwards of Lindisfarne, and 
 founded a College of Monks at Ripon, upon the Place 
 that was given him by King Aifrid, where St. Cuth- 
 bert entertained an Angel of the Lord. He being 
 made Bifhop, was the fifth in Order who prefided in 
 the Church of Lindisfarne, and alio in the Church of 
 
 Hexham. 
 
128 
 
 Appendix. 
 
 Hexham. His Bones are canonized in the Church of 
 Hexham. 
 
 Eardulphus de habitu monachali decimus fextus & 
 ultimus epifcopus ecclefise Lindisfarnenfis, Hie vir 
 magni meriti erat; audito adverjtu Danorum pagano- 
 rum, iile & Edredns abbas tollentes fecum corpus Si. 
 Cuthberti ecclefiam Lindisfarnenfem reliquerunt poll 
 annos 241, ex quo fedes epifcopalis cum caetu mona- 
 chali ibidem erat inftituta, A. gratiae 875, & de Joco 
 ad locum fugientes per feptennium rabiem Danorum, 
 tandem reportaverunt dictum corpus in Ceftriam in 
 ftrata, ubi percentem & tredecim annos diflum cor- 
 pus & fedes epifcopalis permanierunt. 
 
 Eardulph, the fixteenth and Jaft Bifhop of the 
 Church of Lindisfarne. He was a Man of great. 
 Merit. He and Edred the Abbot, hearing of the 
 coming of the Pagan Danes, took with them the Body 
 6f St. Cuthbert, and fled from the Church of Lindis- 
 farne, after two hundred and forty-one Years fince 
 the Epifcopal See and College of Monks had been in- 
 ftituted there, and in the Year of Grace eight hundred 
 and feventy-five ; and wandering from Place to Place 
 for feven Years, to efcape the Fury of the Danes, at 
 length brought the faid Body to Chefter in the Street, 
 where it and the Epifcopal See continued an hundred 
 and thirteen Years. 
 
 Cutheardus fecundus epifcopus Conkceftrenfis & de 
 habitu monachali. Hie Cutheardus de pecunia Si. 
 Cuthberti, ad opus ejufdem, emit Bedlington cum ap- 
 pendicijs ; & cum miles quidam regis Reynwaldi Pa- 
 gani, Onlaf bal nomine, & ipfe Paganus, qui terras Si. 
 Cuthberti ufurpavit, & eidem fanfto improperavit, ut 
 epifcopum & congregationem multis injarijs vexaret, 
 ad Oftium ecclefiae venerat, & alterum intra, alteram 
 extra, pedem pofuerat, quafi clavo confixus fletit, 
 ficque eft tortus, quod miferam Animam m eodem 
 
 loco 
 
Appendix*. 
 
 loco reddere eft compuhos Si. Guthberti meritis & 
 C'uthcardi preclbus: Quo Exemplo alij omnes con- 
 j territi, nihil quod ecclefise Si. Guthberti competebat 
 1 ulteriu6 invadere pnefumebant. 
 
 Cutheard, a Monk, the fecond Bi(hop of Chefter 
 in the Street. This Cutheard for a Supply of his Ne- 
 ceffities purchafed with St. Cuthbert's Money Bed* 
 jington, and its Appurtenances. When a certain Sol- 
 dier of the Pagan King Reynwald, called Onlafbal, 
 a Pagan alfo, who had. feized and impropriated St. 
 Cuthbert's Lands, that he might harrafs the Bifliop 
 and the Congregation with many Injuries, was come 
 to the Church Door, and had fet one Foot within and 
 the other without, flood as fixed as if he had been 
 nailed to it, and was fo tortured that, by the Merit of 
 St. Cuthbert, and the Prayers of Cutheard he was 
 forced to give up his rniierable Life. By this Exam- 
 ple all others being terrified, they durft not prefurne 
 after this to meddle with any Thing that appertained 
 to St. Cuthbert's Church. 
 
 Ecgredus de habitu monachali decimus quartus 
 cpifcopus Lindisfarnenfis ; hie vir nam Nobilis dedit 
 So. Cuthberto ecclefiam de Norham, quern cedificavit ; 
 Viilam quoque de Hedworth cum appendicijs ; eccle- 
 fiam quoque & Villam de Geynford & quicquid ad 
 earn pertinet. 
 
 Ecgred, a Monk, the fourteenth Bifhop of Lindis- 
 farne. This Man was of noble Extra&ion, and gave 
 to St. Cuthbert the Church of Norham, which he had 
 built ; alfo the Village of Hedworth ; alfo the Church 
 and Village of Gainford, and whatever pertained to it. 
 
 Aldwinus nonus & ultimus epifcopus Conkcefrrenfis 
 
 primus Dunelmenfis, & de habitu monachali, hie 
 Aldwinus epifcopus, vir eximioe rellglonis & profapise 
 nobilis, A. gratis 995, caelefti pioemonitus oraculo, 
 corpus Si. Guthberti in Dunelmum tranfportavit. 
 
 Quern 
 
Appendix. 
 
 Quem locum denfiffima undiqtie Syhl pro tunc occu- 
 puverat, mil lis habitaculis ibi conftruftis, ubi infra 
 breve ecclefiam & habitacula cum auxilio Comitis Nor- 
 thumbrorum, cui, durn neccffitatem paterentnr, ad 
 tempus preftitit, quod, Comites, qui ei fuccelferunt,. 
 per violentiam detinuerunt. 
 
 Aid win, the ninth and laft Bifhbp of Conk-chefter, 
 or Chiefter in the* Street, and the firft of Durham, of 
 the Monaftick Order. This Aid win, a Man eminent ! 
 for Religion, . and cf noble Extra&ion, warned by 
 a Voice from Heaven, in the Year of Grace nine hun- 
 bundred and ninety -five, removed the Body of St. 
 Cuthbert to Durham. This Place was at that Time 
 all grown over with Wood, and no Honfes built there ; 
 but within a little While, by the Afliftance of the Earl 
 of Northumberland, both a Church and Honfes were 
 erected, over which, for a Time in their Infant State, 
 he was made Governor, and of which the Earls, his 
 SuccefTors, kept Boffeffion by Force. 
 
 Edmundus fecundus epifcopus Dunelmenfis, de ha*- 
 biiu monachali confeoatus: Hie de Clerieali habitu 
 per vocem de Feretro Si. Cuthberri prolatam, & per 
 Sacerdotem Magnam Miriam celebrantem ter audiram 
 Bominatns eft, epifcopus eligendus; quod & factum 
 eft; fed ille Cathedfam Praedeceflbrum fuorum, qui 
 monachi fuerant, nullo modo fe po/Ie afcendere fate- 
 batur, nifi ilios & ipfe monachico habitu indutus imi- 
 taretur- Qua propter monachali habitu fufceptoa* 
 Wolftano archiepifcopo eboracenfi epifcopusDunelmen- 
 fis eft confecratus. Et in ecckfiae regimine valde ftre- 
 mium fe exhibebat ; nuilius potentia Res vel Terras 
 hujus ecclefiae partus eft violari, vel inde anferri : Pra- 
 vis multum erat metuendus, ac bonis humilis amandus. 
 
 Edmund, a Monk, was confecrated the fecond Bi- 
 fhop of Durham. This Edmund, of the fecnlar Or- 
 der, was nominated, by a Voice which came from St* 
 
 Cuth- 
 
Appendix, 
 
 Cuthbert's Shrine, and heard thrice by the Prieft who 
 was celebrating High Mais, to be elefted Bilhop of 
 Durham, which came to pafs. But he confefled he 
 could by no Means afcend the Chair of* his Predc- 
 ceflbrs, who were Monks, unlefs in Conformity to 
 them, he put on the Moaaftick Habit. Wherefore 
 being made a Monk by Wolftan Archbifhop of fork, 
 he was confecrated Bilhop of Durham. He was very 
 
 ! ihift in the Government of the Church, and would 
 not fuffer the Goods or PoflelTions of it to be vio* 
 
 Jated or embezzled by the Power of any. He was 
 a Terror to bad Men ; but humble and amiable in 
 
 .the Sight of good Men. 
 
 II. 
 
 Ecclefiae in Anglia, dedicate in honorem Dei 8c Si. 
 Cuthberti Lindisfarnenfis Epifcopi. 
 In Dunelmenii comitatu. 
 Ecclefia Cathedralis Dunelm. Sae. Mariae & So. Cuthb, 
 de Ceflria fimiliter. 
 Colleglata de Darlington Umiliter 
 de Red Marfhal So. Cuthberto. 
 In Clivelandia. 
 Ecclefiae de Letham, de Kildale, de Merton, de Wil- 
 ton, de Ormiby, omnes So. Cuthb. 
 In AgrO'Richmondienfi. 
 Ecclefix de South Couton, de Forfet, Capella Si. Cuth- 
 berti in Barton, in Parochia de Stanwix. 
 In Agro Eboracenfi. 
 Ecclefix de Overton juxta Eboracum, de Fifhiake, & 
 Ackworth. 
 In Northumbria. 
 Ipcclefiae de Northam, Carram, Bedlingron, Ellefden, 
 I^eddi$dall, Capellrede AidenbriJge&dj Iklringharn. 
 
 In 
 
Appendix, 
 
 In Curnbria. 
 
 In Civltate Carleolenfi, Ecclefia Parochialis Si. Cuth- 
 bert!-. Ecclefise de Edinghall, de Salkeld, de Plumb- 
 land, de Bewcaftle. 
 
 In Weftmorlandia. 
 Ecclefia de Cleburne, & de Dufton juxta Appleby, 
 In Lancaftrienfi Agio. 
 Ecclefios de Kirkby Perit in Fornefle, de Haxham, de 
 Aldingham, de Lethom in Andernefle, de Meller 
 Haffets, de Middleton juxta Manchefter, Capella de 
 Emmyldon, Capella de Lorton, Capella de Kellet 
 in Lonfdale, Capella Si. Cuthberti. 
 
 H, 
 
 Churches in England dedicated in Honour of God and Si. 
 Cuthberty Bijloop of Lindisfarne. 
 
 In the Cturity of Durham. 
 The Cathedral Church of Durham. Alfo the Church 
 of S't. Mary and St. Cuthbert in Chefter. The Col- 
 legiate Church of Darlington alfo, and Pved Marfhai 
 to St. Cuthbert. 
 
 In Cleveland. 
 The Churches of Letham, Kildale, Merton, Wilton, 
 and Ormfby, all to St. Cuthbert. 
 
 In Richmondflnre. 
 The Churches of South Cowton, of Forfet. The 
 Chapel of St. Cuthbert, in Barton, in the Parifli of 
 Stanwix. 
 
 In York/Jrire. 
 
 The Churches of Overton, near York, of Fifhlake, 
 and Ackworth. 
 
 In Northumberland. 
 . The Churches of Norham, Carham, Bedlington, 
 
 Ellefden f 
 
Appendix. 233 
 
 Ellefden, RiddisialL The Chapels of Aidenbridge 
 and BeWnghaxn. 
 
 In Cumberland. 
 In the City of Carlifle, the Parifh Church of St. 
 Cuthbert. The Churches of Edenhall, Salkeld, Plum- 
 land, and Bewcaftlc. 
 
 In Wejlmoriand* 
 The Churches of Clcburn, and of Dufton, near 
 Appleby. 
 
 In Lancafljire. 
 The Churches of Kirby Perit in FnmefTe, cf Hax- 
 ham, Aldingham, Lethom in Andemelfe, of Meller 
 HafTets, and of Middleton, near Manchefler. The 
 Chapel of Ernmyldon, the Chapel of Lorton, the Cha- 
 pel of Keliet in Lonfdale, the Chapel of St. Cuthbert, 
 
 III. 
 
 Before the Dean's Seat 011 the North Side of the 
 Entrance into the Chancel lies buried the Rev. Dean 
 Sudbury, under a Marble Stone adorned with the fol- 
 lowing I nfcription. 
 
 Quicquld mortale habuit 
 Flic depofuit, 
 In fpe beatae Refurreftlonis, 
 Johannes Sudbury, 
 Pietate, Erudirione, antiquis moribus, 
 Gravitate, Integritate vhdb, 8c fanftft Canitie^ 
 Vir vere venerandus: 
 Qjni in funeftiffimis magnx Rebellionis temporibtts, 
 Magno animo & inconcuflfa in Regem fidelitate, 
 Multa pcrpefTus. 
 R egnoSc Ecciefia Numinis favore reftauratis, Preben* 
 darius primum Weftmonafterienfis ; 
 Dein. 
 
 Decanus Dunelmenfis 
 Fa el us, 
 
 N Kb 
 
~34 
 
 Appendix. 
 
 Eo munere per annos viginti duos, 
 Et quod excurrerat, 
 Integra cum laude functus, 
 
 Decefit Anno ^ 
 
 Abi Lector, & iEternitatem Cogita. 
 
 Here lieth buried, in Hopes of a blefTed Refur- 
 reftion, the mortal Part of John Sudbury. He was 
 a Man highly to be admired for his Piety, Learning, 
 and primitive Morals ; for his Gravity, Integrity of 
 Life, and his venerable old Age. He underwent 
 many Sufferings in the very worft of Times in the 
 Great Rebellion, with Magnanimity and unfhaken 
 Fidelity to his King. After the Reftoration, by the 
 Divine Bleffing, in Church and State, he was firft 
 made Prebendary of Weftminfler, and afterwardsDean 
 of Durham. And having difcharged this Office for | 
 upwards of twenty-two Years, in the moft praife- 
 worthy Manner, he died in the eightieth Year of his 
 Age, and in the Year of Grace one thoufand fix hun- 
 dred and eighty-four. Go, Reader, and meditate on 
 Eternity. 
 
 IV. Ad Pag. 49. 
 Hunc poft parietem conditur 
 Quod Mortale fuit Georgij Wheler, 
 Equitis Aurati, S. T. P. 
 R.e6k>ris vigilantiflimi Ecclefi^e de Houghton, 
 
 Hujufce Ecclefise Canonici Meritiflimi. 
 E ftripe Generofa, inter Cantianos oriundus 
 Bredae tamen inter Batavos natus, 
 Parentibus ob Pvegiam caufum egregie exulantlbus. 
 Prima Literarum Tyrocinia, 
 Inter Lincolnienfes Oxonij pofuir. 
 Deinde doftiflimo Medico Sponio Comite, 
 In Itallam, Grsedam Afiamque profefhis, 
 Antiqua rerun? Mo-rimmta ChrifKana, profana, 
 
 Tantum nop exhaufit. 
 
 Pveverfus 
 
Appendix. 135 
 
 Reverfus ex illuftri Granvillorum ftirpe natam 
 Filiam Tho. Higgins, Mil. ad Venetos legati 
 Forma, Virtute, Pietate, infignem 
 Duxit ; e qua numerofam fufcepit foboiem. 
 Poft brevi a Serenifiimo Principe Carolo II. 
 Equeftri Titnlo ornatus, 
 Contranitentibus licet fuis 
 
 Sacros ambivit Ordines, 
 Maluitque in Ecclefia fcrvire 
 Quam in Aula fplendecere. 
 
 Per totum Vitx Curfum, 
 MunifTcentise in Literates, 
 Humanitatis in Hofpites, 
 Charitatis in Pauperes, 
 Singulare dedit Exemplum 
 Pietatis, divinique Amoris rariflimum. 
 Ecclefiae Chriftianae ritus, mores, 8c dogmata, 
 Hand' quifquam vel laboriofius mdagavit, 
 Vd ftudiofius fectatus eft, 
 Vel melius calluit, 
 Fidei primaevse in fcriptis Aflertor, 
 Difciplinae in Vita semulus. 
 Obijt 18. Cal. Feb. Anno Domini 1723-4. 
 Anno iEtatis 74. 
 Hoc Marmor exftrui curavit 
 Filius unicus fuperftes Granville Wheler. 
 
 Behind this Wall lies buried Sir George Wheler, 
 Knight, Doftor in Divinity, a moft diligent Rector of the 
 Church at Houghton, and a moft deferving Prebendary 
 of this Church. He was defcended from a noble Fa- 
 mily in Kent, but born at Breda, in Holland, when 
 his Parents were in Exile for the Royal Caufe. He 
 laid the firft Rudiments of his Learning at Lincoln 
 N 2 College, 
 
H 6 
 
 Appendix, 
 
 College, in Oxford, and afterwards travelled with the 
 learned PhySician, Count Sponius, into Italy, Greece, 
 and Afia, where he made himfelf Mafter of ancient 
 Learning, both Chriftian and prophane. After his 
 Returp he married the Daughter of Sir Thomas Hig- 
 gins, Knight, the Venetian Embaflador. She was. 
 defeencted from the iiluflrioijs Race of the Granville's, 
 and was eminent for her Beauty, Virtue, and Piety, 
 and by whom he had a numerous Offspring. A fhort 
 "While* after he was knighted by that Moft Serene 
 Prince King Charles the Second, and contrary to the 
 Advice of his Friends he entered into holy Orders, 
 chufing rather to ferve in the Church than mine in 
 the Court. Through the whole Courfe of his Life 
 he gave a lingular Example of Munificence to the 
 Learned, of Courtefy to Strangers, of Charity to the 
 Poor, and a moft eminent Example of Piety and divine- 
 Love. Scarce zny one ever took more Pains in 
 tracing out the Rites, Manners, and Opinions or the 
 Chriilan Church, or followed them more ftudioufly, 
 or under flood them better. He maintained the Pri- 
 mitive Faith in his Writings, and was a Ariel: Dif- 
 aplinarian in Life. He died on the 18 th of -the Ka- 
 lends of Febr uary, in the Year of our Lord one thou- 
 sand feven hundred and twenty-three or four, in the 
 Seventy- fourth Year of his Age. His only Surviving 
 Son, Granville Wheler, Efq; erected this Monument 
 to his Memory. 
 
 V. 
 
 In the Church-yard, near the North Gate of the 
 Church. 
 
 Depofiturn, 
 IS. BaSire S. T. D. 
 Archidiaconi Northumbr. hujus 
 Eccleflae Canonic], & Regibus Aug. 
 Carolo L & Carolo II. a Sacris. 
 
Appendix. 
 
 137 
 
 Qui obdormivit 12 Die O&obr. A. D. 1676. 
 Anno JStatis fuas 69. 
 I ThefT. iv. 14. 
 Deus eos qui dormierunt per Jefum adducetr 
 cum ea. 
 
 Here Heth buried If. Bafire, Doctor in Divinity, 
 Archdeacon of Northumberland, Prebendary of this 
 Church, and Chaplain to their auguft Majefties King 
 Charles the Firft, and King Charles the Second. He 
 died on the 12th Day of Oftober, in the Year 1676, 
 in the 69th Year of his Age, 
 
 1 TheflT. iv. 1-4. 
 
 Them alfo which fleep in Jefus will God- bring 
 with him. 
 
 m 
 
 M. S. 
 
 Johannls Spearman Generofi, 
 Yiri Legibus Patriae fuae non mediocrite imbuti ; Suis, 
 Bonis omnibus, defideratiffimi. 
 Qui poftquam Curiae Cancellarij Regiftrarij, 
 Per XL Annos ; 
 Et Sub-vicecomitis XXVIIL munere prseftitiffet ; Et 
 utrifque fumma cum integritate perfunftus effct 
 Publico difpendio & cornmuni luftu 
 
 Obijt XXT. Sept. A. D. MDCCIIL 
 iEtatis fuse LVIII. 
 Elizabetha ejus Relifta. 
 Monumentum hoc CharifTimo Conjugi 
 Maerens pofuit. 
 Sacred to the Memory of John Spearman, Gentle- 
 tleman, a Man exceedingly well /killed in the Laws 
 of his Country, and greatly regretted by his own 
 Family, and all good Men ; who after he had been 
 N 3 * Regifter 
 
3 8 
 
 Appendix. 
 
 Regifter of the Chancellor's Court forty Years, and 
 Under Sheriff of the County twenty-eight Years ; and 
 having difcharged both Offices with the ftricleft Inte- 
 grity, died a general Lofs and common Caufe of Con- 
 cern to the Public, on the twenty -firft Day of 
 September, in the Year of our Lord one thoufand fe- 
 vcn hundred and three. Elizabeth, his inconfolable 
 Widow, erected this Memorial of her dearly beloved 
 Huiband. 
 
 VII. Ad Pag. 46. 
 
 Carta Hvgoms Epifiopi conceffii Margerjibus de Du- 
 nelmo. 
 
 HUGO Dei Gratia Dunelmenfis Epifcopus, omni- 
 bus hominibus totiusEpifcopatus fui, Clericis & 
 Laicis, Francis & Anglicis, falutem. Sciatis nos 
 conccffiffe, & prscfenti Carta, confirmafTe Noftris Bur- 
 gerlibus de Dunelm. quod fint liberi & quieti de 
 Confuetudine, quod dicitur, In-toll & Out-toll, & de 
 Marchetis & Herietis, & ut haheant omnes liberas con- 
 fuetiidines, ficut Burgenfestle Novo Caftelio melius & 
 honorabilius habent. Telle Raph Haget & multis alijs. 
 
 The Charter granted by Hugh the Bifiop, to the Bur- 
 gejfes of Durham. 
 
 HUGH, by the Grace of God, Bifhop of Durham, 
 wifhing Health to all Men in his Bifnoprick, whether 
 Clergy or Laity, French or Englifh. Know ye, - that 
 we have granted, and by this Charter have confirmed 
 to our Burgeftes of Durham, that they (hall be free 
 and exempt from the Cuftomary Duties of In-toll and 
 Out-toll, from Market- filver, and Herriots : And (hall 
 enjoy all the free Privileges which the BurgeiTes of 
 Newcaflle do in the bell and moft honourable Manner 
 pofltfs. 
 
 WitnefTed by Ralph Haget and manv others. 
 
 ALEX- 
 
ApPENpXX. 
 
 ALEXANDER Epifcopus fervus fervorum Dei di<* 
 lecYis Filijs Burgenfibus Dunelm. Salutem & Apofto- 
 licam Benedictionem. Juftis Petentium defiderijs 
 dignum eft Nos facilem prsebere confenfum, & vota 
 qu£B a rationis tramite lion ftifcordant, cffeftu profe- 
 quente compiere. Qua propter dileftorum ia Domino 
 Filiorum Noftrorum juftis poftulationibus gratum im- 
 pertientes affenfum Libertates & Confuetudines ratio- 
 nales, quas Venerabiiis Frater Nofter Hugo Dimel- 
 menfisEpifcopusUniverfitati Veftrae de Capituli AfTenfu 
 conceffit, Authoritate noftra Apoftolica confirmamus,. 
 & prasfentis icripti patrocinio communimus. Statui- 
 mus ut nulli omnino homini Ikeat hanc paginam Nof- 
 trse Confirmation] s infringere, vel ei aufu temerario 
 contraire. Si quis autem hoc attemptare prsefump- 
 ferit, Indignationem Dei omnipotentis, & beatorum 
 Petri & Pauli Apoftolorum ejus noverit incurfuruiru 
 Datum Lnca2 19 Kalend. Aprilis* 
 
 ALEXANDER the Bifhop, Servant of the Ser- 
 vants of God, wifaeth Health and Apoftolical Bene- 
 diction to his beloved Sons, the Burgeffes of Durham. 
 It is becoming lis to give our ready Confent to the 
 juft Requefts of our Petitioners, and to compleat 
 their reafonable Wilhes with confequent Effects : We 
 therefore, willingly aflenting to the juft Demands of 
 our beloved Sons in the Lord, do by our Apoftolical 
 Authority confirm, and by this ■ prefent Writing fully 
 eftabliih, the Privileges, and reafonable Cuftoms our 
 venerable Brother Hugh, Bifhop of Durham, granted 
 to your whole Body, with the Confent of the Chap- 
 ter. We decree, that it (hall not be lawful for any 
 one to infringe this our written Confirmation, or 
 xaflily to counteract it. If any one will prtfimie to 
 attempt it, let him know, that he will incur the 
 
 Wrath 
 
140 
 
 Appendix. 
 
 Wrath of Almighty God, and of his blefled Apoftles, 
 St. Peter and St. Paul. 
 
 Dated at Luca the 1 9th of the Kalends of April. 
 
 VIII. 
 
 De advcntu Regis Henrici 6ti, ad Eccleflam Dunel- 
 ' menfam* 
 
 Illuftriffimus, benigniffimus, preciofiilimus, & om- 
 nibus Eum intuentibus amabilis Rex Nofter Henricus 
 fextus poft Conqueftum vifitavit Tumbam Si. Cuth- 
 berti Pontilicis in Dunelmo caufa peregrinationis, A. 
 D. 1448. 6 Kal. Oftob. & manfit in Caftello Domini 
 Epiicopi in Dunelmo, ufque ad ultimum diem ejuf- 
 dem Menfis, viz. Pridie Kal. O&ob. in Fefto Si. Hie- 
 ronoymi Preibyteri ; & in Dominica, in die Si. Mi- 
 chaelis Archangeli, in propria Perfona erat in primis 
 Vefperijs, in Proceflione; in Mifla, in fecundis Vef- 
 perijs. 
 
 Upon the Coming of King Henry the Sixth to the Church 
 of Durham. 
 
 The moft illuftrious, the moll benign, the mod 
 valuable, and moft amiable in the Sight of all who 
 behold him, our King Henry the Sixth, fince the 
 Conqueft, hath vifited the Tomb of St. Cuthbert, in 
 Durham, on his Pilgrimage, in the Year of our Lord 
 1448, on the fixth of the Kalends of October, and 
 abode in the Caftle of our Lord Bifhop, in Durham, 
 till the laft Day of the fame Month, viz. the Day be- 
 fore the Kalends of October, on the Feaft of St. Je- 
 rom the Prefbyter. And on Sunday, the Feaft of St. 
 Michael the Archangel, was prefent at the firft Vef- 
 pcrs, in the Proceffion ; at Mais, in the fecend Vef- 
 pers. 
 
 A 
 
'Appendix. 
 
 A Letter of our Lord King Henry the Sixth, fent to M % 
 John Somerfet, in the Tear 1448, concerning the 
 Foregoing. 
 
 Right trufty and well beloved. We greet you 
 heartily well, letting you witt, that bleffed be the 
 Lord God we have been right merry in our Pilgri- 
 mage, confidering three Caufes ; one is, how that 
 that rhe Church of the Province of York and Diocefs 
 of Durham be as Nobill in doing of divine Service, in 
 Multitude of Minifters, as in fumptuous and glorious 
 Building, as any in our Realme. And alfo how our 
 Lord has radicate in the People his Faith, and his 
 Law, and that they be as Catholicke People, as ever 
 wee came among, and all good and holy, that wee 
 dare fay the firft Commandment may be verified right 
 well in them, Diligunt Dominum Deum ipforum in 
 totis animis fuis, & tota mente fua — They love the 
 Lord their God with all their Soul, and with all 
 their Mind. Alfo they have done unto us all great 
 hearty Reverence and Wor(hip ; as ever wee had, with 
 all great Humanity and Meeknefs, with all celeftial, 
 bleffed, and honourable Speech and Hleffing as it can 
 be thought and imagined ; and all good and better 
 then wee had ever in our Life, even as they had been 
 caelitus infpirati — heavenly infpired. Wherefore wee 
 dare well fay, it mav be verifier! in them the holy 
 Saying of the Prince of the Apoftles St. Peter — Qui 
 timent Dominum & Regem honorificant cum debita 
 Reverentia — who fear the Lord and honour the King 
 wit-^ all due Reverence. Wherefore the Bleffing that 
 God give to Abraham, Ifack, and Jacob defcend upon 
 them ail &c. Wry ten in our City of Lincolne in craf- 
 tino St. Lucre Evangeliftce 1448 — On the Day after 
 St. Luke the EvangelilT, 1448, 
 
A Particular 
 
 DESCRIPTION 
 
 O F T H E 
 
 Bifhoprick, or County Pa- 
 latine, of Durham, &c. 
 
 THE Inhabitants of the Biftioprick, or County 
 Palatine of Durham, when the Romans invaded 
 i England, were called Brigantes, with the People of 
 Yorkfhire, Lancafliire, Weftmorland, and Cumber- 
 land. After the Romans had fubdued it, they called 
 it Deira, and the Inhabitants Deiri ; and it is evident 
 by the many Monuments found in various Parts of 
 it, that they had feveral Stations within its Borders. 
 When the Saxons overran this Ifle, and added this 
 County to their other Conquefts, they changed its 
 Name to Deorham, which it frill retains, with this 
 fmall Alteration, or Corruption, Durefme or Dur- 
 ham. During the Time of the Saxon Heptarchy, it 
 made a Part of the Kingdom of Northumberland. 
 
 Soon after the Saxons had embraced the ChrifKan 
 Faith, their Kings of Northumberland, out of Devo- 
 tion, gave this Part of their Territories to St. Cuth- 
 be:t and his SuccelTors, Bi&ops of Lindisfarne for 
 
 ever ; 
 
~4 Description of the 
 
 ever ; from whence the Monkifh Writers call it St* 
 Cuthbert's, Land, or Patrimony. This Donation, 
 %vith its ancient Liberties and Privileges, granted by 
 the Saxons, was confirmed by the Danes, and after- 
 wards by the Norman Conqueror, and by him feveral 
 others were added to ' the Church of St. Cuthbert-, as 
 that it mould be a Sanctuary, and the County a Pa- 
 latinate. Its Bifhop was invefted with as great a 
 Power and Prerogative within his See, as the King 
 exercifed without the Bounds of it, with Regard to 
 Forfeitures, &c. Thus it was a Kind of Royalty 
 fubordinate to the Crown. It was by Way of Emi- 
 nence Ailed, the Bijhoprkk : Of whofe Extent and 
 Privileges w r e fliall give a particular Account, 
 
 This County is bounded on the South by the 
 River Tees, and Yorkfhire ; on the Weft, by Weft- 
 morland and Cumberland ; on the North, by Nor- 
 thumberland, and the River Tyne ; and on the Eaft, 
 by the German Ocean. Its Form is triangular, and 
 is about 39 Miles in Length, 35 in Breadth, and 107 
 in Circumference, or 958 fquare Miles. 
 
 Within thisTraff of Ground are contained 610,00$ 
 Acres, and the Whole is divided into four Wards, in- 
 ftead of Hundreds : In which are one City, i\ other 
 Market Towns, 52 Parifhes, and about 20 Chapels* 
 Donatives, or Curacies ; 223 Villages, 15,985 Hou- 
 fes, and 97,000 Inhabitants, or thereabouts, who pay 
 a Third in the Proportion of 513 Parts, into which 
 the King s Tax is divided. 'It has alfo 16 Rivers, 
 21 Farks, and feveral Caftles. This Computation, 
 it is to be obferved, takes in no more than that Part 
 of the Bifhoprick between the Rivers Tees and Tyne. 
 
 The Air of this County is not uniform ; but in ge- 
 neral good and wholefbme. On the Hills it is fome- 
 what of the (harpeft, and much colder and moifter 
 in the Moorifti Parts towards the Weft, than in the 
 
 Eaft; 
 
County «/ Durham, 
 
 3 
 
 where the warm Sea Breezes mitigate the Severity 
 which generally attend? the- Winter in a Situation lb 
 far North ; and being better inhabited, the Damps 
 are corrected by large and numerous Fires, which 
 purify the Air. 
 
 The Soil is likewife very different. The Weftern 
 Parts are mountainous and barren, the Wood very 
 thin, the Hills moftly covered with Heath : But the 
 Bowels of thefe difmal Profpects make an ample A- 
 mends for the Barrennefs of the Surface, by the fe- 
 vefal Sorts of Mines of Lead, Coal, &c. with which 
 they abound. 
 
 The Parts which border upon the Sea, the Tyne, 
 the Tees, and the Wear, nearly referable the South 
 of England, are naturally fruitful, and every where 
 enamelled with beautiful Meadows, rich Paftures, 
 Corn Fields, and Wood ; are thick fet with large 
 Towns, and confiderable Villages. 
 
 And here alfo it is not the Surface only to which 
 the Inhabitants are beholden ; for the Bowels of the 
 Earth well reward their Induftry, with immenfe Quan- 
 tities of Sea Coal ; the Trade in which may properly 
 be called the Staple of the County, as they do not 
 pay much Regard to any other Manufactures ; their 
 Time being chiefly fpent in digging, carrying, and 
 loading Ships w r ith it at Sunderland, Shields, &c. 
 under the Name of Newcaftle Coal. 
 
 This County is well fupplied with Water, as may 
 be inferred from its great Number of Rivers, the 
 Chief of which are the Tees, the Wear, and the 
 Tyne. The Tees rifes out of that ftony Ground in 
 the Point towards Cumberland, find flows through 
 Rocks, which, at Eggleftone, adjoining Richmond- 
 fhire, affords good Marble, and in the Way increafes, 
 by receiving into its Channel the little Rivers of Laden 
 Ilude, Lune, Bauder, and Skern, It edges away to 
 
 O the 
 
4 
 
 A Decripti'on of the 
 
 the Southward, and makes, as was faid before, the 
 Boundary between this County and Yorkfhire. 
 
 The Wear rifes a little above Stanhope, in the 
 Weftern Part of the County, not three Miles from 
 the Head of the Tees, and runs Eaftward till it comes 
 to Biftiop-auckland, where it turns Northward ; then 
 paffing by Durham in the fame Dire&ion till it reaches 
 Lambton, it runs Eaftward till it empties itfelf into 
 the Sea at Sunderland. 
 
 The Tyne, which, on Account of the Trade car- 
 ried on at Newxaftle, and the great Quantities of Coal 
 Ihipped from its Shores, makes fo confiderable a Fi- 
 gure in our Navigation, has two Sources, diftinguifhed 
 by the Names of South and North Tyne till their Con- 
 flux near Hexham, in Northumberland. About three 
 Miles above Newcaflle it is greatly augmented by the 
 River Derwent. The Tyne abounds with delicious 
 Salmon, and Salmon Trout. 
 
 As this County was a Sort of Principality diftinft 
 from the Kingdom, as was mentioned before, it never 
 fcflt Reprefentatives to Parliament till the Reign of 
 King Charles the Second, and thefe are no more than 
 four, viz. two for th^ City, and two for the County. 
 Thofe for the County are the Honourable Frederick 
 Vane, Efq; Brother to the Right Honourable the EajS 
 or Darlington, and Robert Shaftoe, of Whitworth, in 
 this County, Efq; 
 
 Befides the City of Durham, there are eleven 
 Market Towns in this County, ylfci Darlington, Stock- 
 ton, Sunderland, Hartlepool, Biilicp-auckland, Bar- 
 nardcaflle, Starhope. Stdgfield, Staindrop, Tv olfing- 
 ham or Wiffingham, and South Shields. 
 
 hi defcribing the feveral Town and Places in this 
 County, it will be proper for Method's Sake to begin 
 at Barpardcaftle, the firft Town of any confiderable 
 Note from the Source ot the River Tees. 
 
 Barnard 
 
County ^/Durham, 
 
 5 
 
 Barnardcaftle is fo named from Barnard Baliol, the 
 Great Grandfather of John Baliol, King of Scots, who 
 built it. He left it to his faid Son, whom King Ed- 
 ward the Firft raifed to the Crown of Scotland, and 
 obliged him by Oath to hold it as a Dependance on 
 the King of England. However John fell from his 
 Allegiance, and King Edward deprived him of this, 
 and his other Poffeffions in England, which, accord- 
 ing to Cuftom, fhould have fallen to the Bifliop of 
 this See ; but the King being difpleafed with An - 
 thony Beek the then Bi£hop of Durham, gave this 
 Caftle and all its Appurtenances to Guido Beauchamp 
 Earl of Warwick, Herkes and Hertnes to Robert Clif- 
 ford, and Kewerftoa to Galfrid of Hartlepool : But 
 Lewis Beaumont, a Perfon more famous for his Pedi- 
 gree from the Royal Line of France than for his 
 Learning, (for it is ft id he was a mere Stranger to 
 Letters) being made Biihop of this See in the next 
 Reign, recovered fhofe Eftates from the FofTeflbrs 
 by due Courfe of Law, and a Verdift was given in 
 thefe Words, " That the Bifhop of Durham ought 
 f| to have the Forfeitures within the Liberties of the 
 " Biflioprick, as the King has them without it." — 
 This Town confifts of one handfome Street, about 
 the Length of Cheapfide, in London, with divers 
 Lanes or Alleys branching out from it. Here is a 
 Market every Wednefday, and a Fair on the twenty- 
 firfr of July, yearly ; and the Inhabitants carry on a 
 pretty Trade in Stockings, Bridles and Saddles, in 
 which latter Branch they are faid to excel. It was 
 formerly accounted a Place of confiderable Strength ; 
 for in the Rebellion of the Earls of Northumberland 
 and Weftmorlani againft Queen Elizabeth, Sir George 
 Bowes and his Brother Robert Bowes, Efq; of Streat- 
 lam, about two Miles diftant, maintained the Caftle 
 bravely for eleven Days againft the whole Power of 
 
 O 2 the 
 
6 
 
 ^ Description of the 
 
 the Rebels, and forced them to honourable Terms 
 before they would furrender. 
 
 King William the Third honoured this Town with 
 the Title of a Barony, which he conferred on Sir Chrii- 
 topher Vane, in the Year 1699. This Gentleman 
 was dcfcended from an ancient Family in Wales, 
 which for many Years have been fettled in Kent. We 
 find in our Hiflories one Sir Henry Vane knighted by 
 the Black Prince, for his Valour at the Battle of 
 Foi&iers, in the Year 1356, and another Sir Ralph 
 Vane knighted by King Henry VIII. at the Siege of 
 Bologne. This laft left no IfTue, and fo the Eftate 
 of the Family defcended to 
 
 John Vane, Brother to the faid Henry, who left 
 two Sons, 
 
 Henry Vane, from whom the prefent Earl of Dar- 
 lington is defcended, and Richard, the Anceftor of 
 the Earls of Weftmorland. This Henry was fucceeded 
 by his Son, 
 
 Sir Henry Vane, Great Great Grandfather to the 
 prefent Earl of Darlington. He found the Eftate of the 
 Family fmall, but being employed bylCing Charles I. 
 in divers Places of Truft, left it considerably increafed 
 to his Son, 
 
 Sir Henry Vane, who being made Treafurer of the 
 Navy, by a Patent from King Charles I. for Life, left 
 it much augmented to 
 
 Sir Chriflopher his Son, whom King William III. 
 in the tenth Year of his Reign, created a Baron of the 
 Realm, by the Stile and Title of Lord Barnard, of 
 Barnardcaftle, in the Bifhoprick of Durham. He 
 married Elizabeth Holies, Sifter to the late Duke of 
 Newcaftle, and had by her two Sons, viz. Gilbert, the 
 late Lord Barnard, and Henry Lord Vifcount Vane, 
 of the Kingdom of Ireland, fo created by his late 
 Majefty King George I. who was Fadier of the pre- 
 lent Lord Vane. About 
 
County ^Durham* 
 
 7 
 
 About five Miles N. E. from Barnardcaftle is ano- 
 I ther Market Town, Stainthorp, or Staindrop. King 
 I Canute, the Dane, gave this Town and Raby-caftle 
 I to the Church of Durham, to have and to hold them 
 I for ever. About the Year 14 10 Ralph de Nevil of 
 , I Raby-caftle built here a Collegiate Church, and lies 
 I interred in the Midft of the Choir, within a ftately 
 j Tomb, on which were engraven the Figures of him- 
 felf and his two Wives. The Nevils of Raby-caftle 
 held the Caftle and the Lands belonging to it of the 
 I Church of Durham, by the yearly Rent of four Pounds 
 and a Buck. 
 
 The Family of the Nevils is faid to be defcended 
 ti from Waltheof, Earl of Northumberland, of whofe 
 Pofterity, Robert, the Son of Malredus, Lord of Raby, 
 having married the Daughter of Galfred Nevil, the 
 Norman, whofe Grandfather, Gilbert Nevil, is faid 
 to have been Admiral to King William I. their Pof- 
 terity took the Name of Nevil, and growing up to a 
 confiderable and numerous Family, built a Caftle of no 
 fmall Compafs, and made it their principal Seat for 
 many Generations. This Caftle is now the Seat of 
 I the Right Honourable Henry Earl of Darlington. 
 
 More to the S. E. on the Tees, is Piercebridge, 
 I or Preibridge, the great Pafs between the County of 
 I Durham and Yorkfiiire, It is but a little dirty Vii- 
 I lage, but has a good Bridge over the Tees, on the 
 great North Road, fit for all Sorts of Carriages. An 
 ancient Infcription on a Roman Altar dug up here a 
 few Years fi nee, viz. Condati Attonitjs Quin^ 
 tianius Menexccimp, and at the Bottom Exivs, 
 Solia, is a good Reafon to fuppofe this Place wa$ 
 the ancient Condatum, which Camden places at Con- 
 gleton, in Chefhire. 
 
 Following the Courfe of the River about fix Miles 
 we come to the fmall River Skern, famous for Pike, 
 O X over 
 
8 *A Description of the 
 
 over which is a good Stone Bridge of eight Arches- 
 On the S. W. Bank of this River ftands Darlington, 
 cr Darnton, a pleafant and well fituated Market 
 Town, in the Center of a fine Country. It confifts 
 of feveral broad Streets, pretty well built and paved. 
 In the Middle is a fpacious Market-place, upwards of 
 two hundred Yards long, and one hundred and thirty 
 broad, well filled on Mondays, its Market Days, and 
 a much greater every other Monday from the firft of 
 March to Chriftmas, for Cattle and Sheep. There is 
 alfo a fmall Market on Fridays. The Shambles are 
 always well flocked with good Meat. There is Ibme- 
 times Mutton in the Market that weighs forty-three 
 or forty-four Pounds a Quarter. It is one of the 
 four Ward Towns in the County, and its Church, 
 which has a fine Spire one hundred and eight Feet 
 high, built of Stone, was one of the three appointed 
 to receive the fecular Priefts, when the Monks entered 
 3nto their Places in the Church of Durham. By be- 
 ing thus made collegiate, confifting of a Dean and 
 four Prebendaries, it was alienated in the Time of 
 King Edward VI. and a fmall Portion only was re- 
 ferved out of it for the Maintenance of the Minifters. 
 Here were Chauntry Lands alfo in feveral Places, 
 which were pardy afiigned for the Maintenance of 
 a Free School. It has ftill fome Remains of an 
 Epifcopal Houfe, which being rather a Burden to 
 the See than any Convenience to the BSfhops, has 
 been a long Time neglefted. 
 
 It is the Chief Town of the Hundred of its own 
 Name, a Poll Town, and a great Thorough-fare in 
 the High Road from London to Edinburgh, and a 
 very noted Place for the Linen Manufactory of that 
 Sort called Huckabacks, fo much ufed for Table- 
 cloths and Napkins, being made from an Ell to three 
 Yards wide, and the Price from Seven-pence a Yard 
 
 to 
 
County ^ Durham, 9 
 
 to Eighteen Shillings. Great Quantities of it are 
 fent yearly to London, the broad Sort being made 
 no where elfe in England. There is alfo fine plain 
 Linen Cloth made here to Seven Shillings and Six- 
 pence a Yard, and a large Woollen Manufactory car- 
 ried <3n, fo that at prefent it is a thriving Place, and 
 all the NecefTaries of Life are as cheap here as in any 
 Part of the Country. Here is alfo Plenty of Fire-fuel. 
 Two Lambs bred that Year were fold the tenth of 
 October, 1748, in this Market, for feven Pounds 
 Sterling. 
 
 Near this Town, at a Place called Oxhenhall, are 
 three Pits, called Hell kettles, becaufe the Water by 
 an Antiperiftalis, or Reverberation of the cold Water, 
 is hot in them. The common People in that Neigh- 
 bourhood tell many fabulous Stories about them, and 
 think them hottomlefs ; but wife Men feeing them to 
 be unufual in Nature, have, after fome careful En- 
 quiries, given us the following Account of them. 
 
 I. That they derive their Original from an Earth- 
 quake, which, as they do"not think it improbable in 
 itfelf, fo they take their Conjecture to be confirmed 
 by the Chronicle of Tynemouth, which tells us, 
 " That in the Year 1 179, upon Chriftmas Day, at 
 V Oxenhall, in the Out-fields of Darlington, in the 
 * i Bifhoprick of Durham, the Earth raifed itfelf to 
 " a great Height, in the Manner of a lofty Tower, 
 " and remained all Day, till the Evening, as it were 
 " fixed and immoveable in that Pofture ; but then it 
 " funk down with fuch an horrible Noife that it ter- 
 " rifled all the Neighbourhood, and the Enrth fucked 
 " it in, and made three deep Pits, which continue 
 " to this Day." But fome think them like fome old 
 wrought Coal Pits that are drowned ; but cannot 
 find that ever any Coal, or other Mineral, has been 
 dug up thereaboutr. 
 
 a. That 
 
io ^Description*/"^ 
 
 2. That they are full of Water, and that not hot, 
 as Mr Camden was mifinformed, but cold, up to the 
 very brim, and keeping much to the fame Level with 
 the Tees, which is not far from them : But as to the 
 Nature of the Water, the Curious differ. Some fay 
 it is derived by fubterraneous Paflages from that Ri- 
 ver, and endeavour to fupport this Opinion by faying 
 that Geefe and Ducks have been thrown into them, 
 and dived through thofe Paflages into the Tees, par- 
 ticularly that Bifhop Tunftal marked a * Goofe, and 
 put it into one of them, which not long after he 
 ibund in the Tees : But others aflert that the Water 
 is of a different Kind from the River Water; becaufe 
 it curdles Milk, and will not bear Soap. 
 
 3. It is pofitively faid that they are not bottomlefs, 
 but by founding the deepeft of them, it has been found 
 not to meafure above thirty Yards to the Bottom. 
 
 Heighington is a fmall Village N. of Darlington, 
 where Elizabeth Penyfon founded a School in the 
 forty- third Year of Queen Elizabeth, to which Ed- 
 ward Kirkby, a late Vicar of it, gave feventy Pounds. 
 
 To the S. E. of Darlington, and on the N; Bank 
 of the Tees, lies Sockburn, where the ancient and 
 noble Family of the Coigniers had their Seat, and 
 where there are yet remaining divers handfome Tombs 
 belonging it it. The Barons Coignier of Hornby, in 
 Yorkshire, are defcended from this Family, and have 
 been much enriched by their Marriages with the Heirs 
 of the Darcies of Menil, William Nevil Earl of Kent, 
 and Lord Falconbridge ; but above two hundered 
 Years ago their Eftate went to the Atherftons and 
 Darcies. In the Reign of King Henry VII. William 
 Coigniers, Grandfon of the fore-mentioned, v/as made 
 
 * The Story of the Goofe has no Certainty in it. 
 
 Lord 
 
County 0/* Durham. i i 
 
 Lord Coigniers, and his Pofterity enjoyed that Ho- 
 nour two Succeffions, and then his Eftate came to 
 ij the Female Heirs as above : But though this Family 
 I loft their Honour, one of the fame Blood, viz. Sir 
 , ! John Coniers of Horden was created a Baron, July 14, 
 I 1628. 
 
 In the Road from Darlington to Stockton is the 
 I Village of Sadbergh, which gives the Title of Earl to 
 I the Biihops of Durham, who, for the Time being, 
 I are Lords of the Manor, and hold it by Barony. 
 I Hugh Pudfey, Biftiop of Durham, gave the Earldom 
 sj of Northumberland for it, which he had purchafed of 
 I King Richard I. 
 
 Stockton has rifen upon the Ruins of the Trade of 
 Yarum, and from a little dirty Town near the Mouth 
 of the Tees, with a few thatched Clay Houfes, is be- 
 come a neat well-built Market Town, driving a con- 
 fiderable Trade in Lead, Butter, Cheefe, Bacon, Corn, 
 and Ale, which is very fine. It is a Corporation, and 
 is governed by a Mayor. The Market weekly is very 
 large for all Manner of Provifions, and is kept on the 
 Saturdays ; and there is a confiderable annual Fair 
 held here four Days, beginning on the feventh of 
 July. The Trade carried on here in Lead, Butter, 
 &c by the Tees with London, was formerly altoge- 
 ther at Yarum, as was faid before ; but Stockton ly- 
 ing nearer rhe Sea, and confequently more convenient, 
 has almoft engrofled the whole Trade to itfelf. The 
 Bifhop of Durham is Lord of the Manor, and for- 
 merly had a Houfe here. It is alfo one of the four 
 Ward Towns of the County. Its Increafe of Trade 
 has enabled the Inhabitants to build a handfome 
 Church, in the Place of a little old Chapel. They 
 are now building a fpacious Br idge acrofs the Tees, 
 which will open a freer Communication with the 
 County of York, and be of great Advantage to the 
 
 Town. 
 
12 ^.Description of the 
 
 Town. The Government has thought proper to 
 place here a Collector of the Cuftoms, and other 
 inferior Officers, to manage the Revenue of this Port, 
 and it is become a Member Port of Newcaftle upon 
 Tyne. 
 
 We meet with no eminent Towns on the Tees, 
 after we pals Stockton, unlefs it be Beliofyfe, which 
 gives Name to a noble and ancient Family in thofe 
 Parts; but holding on in a winding Courfe by green 
 Fields and Country Villages, it falls through a large 
 Mouth into the Ocean, which wafhes the Eaft Side 
 of this Courty, where we may obferve the following 
 Towns, viz. Greatham, where Robert Bifhop of 
 Durham built a good Hofpital, the Manor of this 
 Town being bellowed upon him by Peter de Mont- 
 fort, Lord of it, as it is related by Camden; but 
 Bifhop Goodwin gives this Account of it : That King 
 Henry HI. having flain Simon de Montfort in a Re- 
 bellion againft him, feized upon his Eftate in all 
 Parts of the Realm ; whereupon Robert Stichel, Bi- 
 Ihop of this See, alfo feized his Farms within his 
 own Jurifdittion, which the King denying him, it 
 came to be tried, and being adjudged to be the Bi- 
 fhop's Right, he founded this Hofpital, and endowed 
 ft with them, being then annually worth ninety-feven 
 Pounds, Six Shillings, and Three-pence Halfpenny. 
 Near this Place is 
 
 Claxton, which gives Name to an ancient Family 
 hereabouts, of which was Thomas Claxton, a famons 
 Antiquary, whofe Merit alone might make this Town 
 worthy of Notice. About fourTMiles North from 
 Greatham, the Shore juts out into a fmall Promon- 
 tory, on which ftands 
 
 Hartlepool, an ancient Corporation, governed by a 
 Mayor, his Brethren, and other fubordinate Officers. 
 It is encompaffed on all Sides but the Weft by the 
 
 Sea, 
 
County ^Durham. 13 
 
 Sea, has a fafe Harbour, which affords the Ships in 
 the Coal Trade a fecure Retreat in bad Weather, in 
 their Way from Blythe, NewcafHe, Sunderland, &c. 
 to the Southward. Here was formerly a famous Mar- 
 ket, but the Trade of the Town has dwindled away 
 very much of late Years, and in Confequence the Mar- 
 ket is much reduced ; and the Town depends almoft 
 entirely upon the Fifhery, and the Advantage they 
 can make of Ships driven into their Harbour by Strefs 
 of Weather. We do not find that it was ever re- 
 turned into the Exchequer as a Port Town ; but 
 the Government has thought it convenient to order 
 feveral Officers of the Cuftoms to attend it, in order 
 to prevent an illicit Trade being carried on by fuch 
 a numerous and frequent Return of Shipping, under 
 the Pretence of taking Shelter in bad Weather. 
 
 In the Year 13.15 the Scots entered this Town, 
 and carried off whatever Moveables the frighted in- 
 habitants, who fled aboard the Ships and put to Sea, 
 had in their Confirmation and Hurry left behind 
 I them. 
 
 From hence for fifteen Miles Northward is a fine 
 fertile Country, whofe green Fields and Villages ex* 
 hibit a very pleafing Profpect to the Mariners failing 
 along the Coaft, but does not contain any remarkable, 
 or Market, Town, till you arrive at 
 
 Sunderland, or the Mouth of the River - 
 Wear, called by Ptolomy, Vedra, and by Bede, 
 Wyrus. This River rifes in the fartheft Part of the 
 County, Weftward, and gives Name to the adjacent 
 Country, which from thence is called Weardale, or 
 the Valley in which the River Wear Springs, where, 
 ! being increafed by the Kellop, the Bernhop, and ie- 
 verai other fmall Brooks, or Rivulets, it runs iwiftly 
 to the Eaftward, through vaft Heaths and large Parks 
 belonging to the Bifhop of Durham, and in its Way 
 
 paffes 
 
4 ^Description of the 
 
 pafles by many Places worthy of Notice. The firlt 
 we fhall mention is 
 
 Stanhope, remarkable for a very good Park, which 
 lies near it, where King Edward III. befieging the 
 Scots in their Camp, had like to have been iiirprized 
 in his Tent, by one Douglas, an adventurous Scot, 
 had not his Chaplain defended him with the Lofs of 
 his own Life. 
 
 The Town of Stanhope is now but a very poor \ 
 finall Town, where they have the Privilege of keep- 
 ing a Market on Tuefdays ; but it is almoft difcon- 
 tinued, though it was deemed of fiifficient Note to 
 give the Title of Earl to the Right Noble and ancient 
 Family of which are the prefent Right Honourable the 
 Earls of Chefterfield and Stanhope. The Reftory of 
 the Parifh is accounted one of the beft in England, : 
 \vhofe Value arifeth chiefly from the Tithe of Pig- 
 Lead, of which great Quantities are caft in this Neigh- ' 
 bourhood, which abounds with Lead Mines. 
 
 About four Miles more Eaft, on the North Bank 
 of the fame River, ftands Wolfingham, commonly 
 called Wiffingham, a fmall Market Town, but rather 
 of more Note than that of Stanhope. The Country 
 all around is full of Lead and Coal Mines. Hence 
 the Wear increafed by the Conflux of feveral more 
 Rivulets, runs thro' Witton Park, in which it receives 
 the little River Lynburn. Witton is a Caftle which 
 belonged to the Lords D'Evers, defcended from the •• 
 Lords of Clavering and Warkworth, by the Daugh- 
 ters of the Vefcies and Attons, famous for their mar- 
 tial Exploits againft the Scots. This Caftle ftands on 
 the South Side of the Wear, at its Conflux with the 
 Lynburn. 
 
 About three Miles farther Eaft we come to Rifhop- 
 auckland, one of the beft Towns in the County, 
 pleafantly fituated on the Side of a little Hill at* the 
 
 Conflux 
 
County / Durham, 
 
 j Conflux of the Wear and the fmall River Gaun* 
 | lefs, in a .goad Air. It was formerly called North* 
 I auckland, and Market-auckland, to diftiriguifti it from 
 j Weft-auckland, about three Miles to the South Weft: 
 But now it is more properly called Bifhop-auckland, 
 from its being favoured in a fpecial Manner for many 
 i Ages by the Bifhops of Durham, who have been 
 ! long in Pofleffion of its Caftle and Lordfhip. Here 
 I are feveral fine Buildings; for.befides the Generality 
 | of the Houfes, which are pretty well built, here is 
 | a noble Palace, adorned with Turrets, belonging to 
 I the Bifliop, and a very beautiful Chapel founded and 
 ! built by Dr. Cofins, Biihop of this See, where he 
 i lies buried. He rebuilt and enlarged the Palace after 
 I the Reftoration, which had been laid in Ruins by the 
 % enthufiaftick Rage of the late Civil Wars. It hag 
 alfo been greatly repaired and beautified by its pre* 
 fent Poflefibr, the Hon. and Right Rev. Dr Trevor, 
 the prefent very worthy Bifhop of this See. There 
 is adjoining to it a very fine and fpacious Park, well 
 (locked with Deer. 
 
 From Auckland the Wear turns Northward, and 
 touches the Vinovium in Antoninus, or the Binovium 
 of Ptolomy, which we call Binchefter,. the Seat of 
 Farrer Wren, Efq; v/here have been dug up fo many 
 Roman Coins, called by the Country People, Bin- 
 chefter Pennies ; and fome Infcriptions that have a- 
 wakened the Attention, not only of the Curious, but 
 of the common People, to fearch for more, within the 
 Ruins of the large Walls, which may be J i (covered 
 to have -furrounded this Town, Roman Camp, or 
 Station. This Place was anciently Part of St. Cuth* 
 bert's Patrimony, but the Earls of Northumberland 
 tore it, with fbme other Villages belonging to the 
 Church, from it, when the Thirft of Gold fwallowed 
 Things both facred and prophanc, with equal Avi- 
 s' dity. 
 
16 
 
 ^Description cf the 
 
 dity. On the other Side of the Wear, a little to the 
 North Eaft, among the Hills we fee 
 
 Branfpeth Cattle, built by the Bulmers, a Family 
 of Reputation in thefe Parts, who had their Refidence 
 here for fome Generations, till Male Iflue failing in 
 Barnard (fays Camden, but Bertram fays Dngdale) 
 de Bulmer, GeofFry Nevil married . Emma, his only 
 Daughter, and brought this Town, with other great 
 Poffeifions, into the Family of the Nevils. Margaret 
 the Wife of Ralph de Nevil, who founded the Cathe- 
 dral Church at Staindrop, and Daughter of Hugh, 
 Earl of Stafford, lies buried in the Choir of the 
 Church of this Place. 
 
 In this Parifli lies Halreholme, commonly called 
 Hairum, whither, it is faid, fome of the Murderers 
 of Thomas Becket, Archbifhop of Canterbury, fied 
 after the Facl, and built a Chapel there to his Me*- 
 mory. The Family of the Coles had their Seat here 
 in King Charles the Firft's Days 5 for we find that 
 Sir Nicholas Cole, of Branfpatch, in this County, was 
 created a Baronet by that Prince, March 4, 1640, 
 and to him Sir Nicholas Cole, now, or late enjoying 
 that fame Title and Eftate (as is fuppofed) is his Son 
 and Heir. Alfo George Grey, Efq; Father of that 
 pious Divine, Anthony Grey, Earl of Kent, who be- 
 ing in Holy Orders before he arrived at this Honour, 
 would not take his Hand from the Plough, but ex- 
 ercifed his minifterial Function to his Death, had his 
 Habitation here. 
 
 Branfpeth Caftie is now the Seat of H. Bellafis, 
 Efq; and on the South Side of the River ftands Whit- 
 worth, the Seat of Robert Shaftoe, Efq; one of the 
 Representatives in Parliament for this County. 
 
 A little below Branfpeth, the Wear has many huge 
 Stones in its Channel, never covered but when the 
 River is overflowed by Rains : Upon thefe if you 
 
 pour 
 
County c/Durham, 
 
 17 
 
 pour Water, and it mix a little with the Stone, it be- 
 comes brackifh, a Thing which happens no where 
 elfe. Nay, at Butterby, a little Village, when the 
 Pviver h (hallow, and funk from thefe Stones in the 
 Summer Time, there burfts out of them a reddifii 
 Salt Water, which grows fo white and hard by the 
 Heat of the Sun (as hath been thought) that they 
 who live thereabouts ufe it for Salt. But that the 
 Saltnefs itfelf proceeds not from the Heat of the Sun, 
 is plain, by Experience, in that which is moft faltifh, 
 and iflues out of a Rock, in as much as if all the Wa- 
 ter be laved out of the Place, there immediately bub- 
 bles, out of the Body of the Rock, a Water as fait 
 as the former ; and belides, the Rock out of which 
 it iflues, is a Salt Rock of a fparkling Subftance. On 
 the other Side of the Wear, there rs alfo a medicinal 
 Spring of ftrong Sulphur ; and above it, towards 
 Durham, is a Mineral Water, of the vitriolick Kind, 
 upon which Dr. Wilfon wrote his Spadacrene Dunel- 
 menfis. On the fame Side of the River is Old Dur- 
 ham, from the Name of which one would conjefluira 
 either that the Monks had fir ft come thither with St. 
 Cuthbert's Body, or that there had been a Town 
 there before their coming: But .both thefe Thing? 
 are unwarranted by Hiftory. At prefent it is the 
 Seat of the Tempefts. 
 
 From Branfpeth the Wear continues its Courfe, in 
 feveral Windings, through a very rich and pleafint 
 Country to Durham City, of which Capital we (hall 
 give a particular Account hereafter. Here the River, 
 forming itfelf like a Horfe-fhoe, almoft fiarrouriHing 
 the City of Durham, directs its Courfe full North till 
 it approaches Cheftcr in the Street, fnppofed to be 
 the Concefter of the Saxons, and the Conducum of 
 the Romans, where, upon the Line of the Vallum, 
 the firft Wing of the Auftres kept Glrrifonj in the 
 P 2 Time 
 
1 8 Description of the 
 
 Time of the Romans, as Bifhop Tanner, in his Notitia, 
 talis us, for it is but Tome few Miles diftant from the 
 Vallum ; but others fuppofe that Benwell, in Nor- 
 thumberland, is more truly affigned for the Place, 
 not only from an Altar found there, but becaufe it is 
 nearer ad Lineam Valli. But be that as it may, it is 
 now a pretty large Village, with a very handfome 
 Church, and a fine Spire. 
 
 It is recorded, that the Biftiops of Lindisfarne lived 
 in Retirement here 113 Years with the Body of St. 
 Cuthbert, in the Times of the Danifh Wars, and 
 that as Egelrlc, Bifhop of Durham, was, in the Year 
 1056, founding a new Church there in Memory of it, 
 he dug up fuch a Sum of Money, fuppofed to have 
 been buried here by the Romans, when they left that 
 Station, that he thought himfelf rich enough, re- 
 figned his Bifhoprick, and returned to his Monaftry 
 at Peterborough, where he had been Abbot, which 
 he enlarged and improved. 
 
 Long after this Anthony Beek, Bifhop of Dur- 
 ham, and Patriarch of Jerufalem, founded a collegiate 
 Church here for a Dean and feven Prebendaries. In 
 this Church John Lord Lumley placed Monuments as 
 large as the Life for all his Anceftors, in their Or- 
 der, as they fucceeded one another, from Liulphus 
 down to himfelf, which he had procured either from 
 the fuppofed Monafteries, or formed anew. 
 
 Oppofite to Chefter-le-ftreet, on the South Side 
 of the River, fends Lumley, a fmall Place, but fa- 
 mous for its Caftle, with a Park quite round it, the, 
 ancient Seat of the Lumleys, who are defcended from 
 Liulphus (a Man of great Nobility in thefe Parts in 
 the Time of Edward the ConfefTor) who married 
 Aldgitha, the Daughter of Aldred, Earl of Northum- 
 berland, and by her had Roger de Lumley, whofe 
 Son Robert married the eldeft of the three Daugh- 
 ters 
 
C a u s t ' Y 'if D U K H A M 
 
 to 
 
 ttrs and Coheirs of Thomas de Thweng, of Efltori 
 Caflle, in the County of York, and had Iflue by her, 
 Marmaduke, who in her Right came into the Pof- 
 feffioa of the rich Inheritance of the Thwengs, and 
 took the Arms of the Family, which were, in a Field 
 Aigent, a Fefle Gules, between three Popinjays vert. 
 
 This Marmaduke had two Sons, Robert, who died 
 without Heirs, and .Ralph, who fucceedlng in his Fa- 
 ther's and Brother's Eftate, was made Governor of 
 Barwick, and had Licence granted him to make a 
 •Caftle of his Manor Hoitfe at Lumley. King Richard II . 
 fummoned him to Parliament, in the eighth Vear of 
 bis Reign, and fo he became a Baron ; and though he 
 joined in an Infurrection with Thomas Holland, Earl 
 of Kent, to reftore King Richard, and being attainted, 
 left his Honour and Efbte, yet his Son John was, la- 
 the thirteenth Year of the Reign of King Henry IV, 
 reftored fully in Blood, and Livery given him of all 
 his Father's Caftles, Manors, and Lands. His Pof- 
 terity enjoyed them for fix or feven Generations more; 
 and in Mr Camden's Time, John, the ninth Lord o€ 
 that Line, was living, a Perfon of accomplifhed Vir- 
 tue and Integrity, and then in his old Age moft ho- 
 nourable for all the Ornaments of true Nobility. He 
 left two Sons, Charles and Thomas, and a Daughter, 
 Mary, who all died without Iflue. 
 
 By the Death of thefe Perfons, the Honour of thle 
 Family was extin£l ; but the Eftate was given by the 
 laft of the Barons to Richard Lumley, created by King 
 Charles L Vilcount Lumley, of Water ford, in Ireland, 
 in the fourth Year of his Reign. He had a Son, 
 Henry, who being married to Mary, the Daughter of 
 Sir Henry Compton, Knight of the Bath, died before 
 his Father, but left a Sotv 
 
 Richard, who fucceeding his Grandfather, was fir flv 
 in the Year i68t, 13 Car. II. created a Baron of this 
 P 3 Realms 
 
20 kA Description of the 
 
 Realm, by the Name of Lord Lumley, of Lumley 
 Caftle, and in 1689, being the firft of King William 5 
 and Queen Mary, was made Vifcount, and in the next 
 Year had the Honour of Earl of Scarborough, in the 
 County of York, conferred upon him by the Letters 
 Patent of King William and Q^een Mary, bearing f 
 Date, April 15, 1690. He took the Duke of Mon- 
 mouth Prifoner at the Battle of Sedgmore, with the 
 Lord Grey, and a German Count, and being Lieute- \ 
 nant General to King William, and Captain of the 1 
 Firft Troop of Guards, attended his Majefty to Flan- \ i 
 ders. He had many Children by the only Daughter 
 of Colonel Henry Jones, of which 
 
 Richard fucceeded him in Honour and Eftate, who 
 had been called up to the Houfe of Peers in his Fa- 
 ther's Life-time by King George I. as a Baron of the 
 Realm, by the Title, of Lord Lumley. He was ap- 
 pointed one of the Gentlemen of the Bed-chamber 
 to his late Majefty King George II. when Prince of 
 Wales, and after his Acceffion to the Throne, was 
 made Mafter of the Horfe, Colonel of the fecond Re- 
 giment of Foot Guards, and one of the Knights Com- 
 panions of the moft Noble Order of the Garter ; but, 
 dying without Iffue, the Honour and Eftate came to 
 his next Brother, 
 
 Sir Thomas Lumley Saunderfon, Knight* of the 
 Bath, who married the Lady Frances Hamilton, one 
 x the Daughters of the late Earl of Orkney. He is 
 fucceeded by his Son, 
 
 Richard, the prefent Earl of Scarborough. 
 
 At the Town of Lumley is an Hofpital, erected by 
 Sir John Duck, Bart, for twelve poor Women and a 
 Chaplain ; to which the whole Town, being far from 
 the Parifh Church, have alfo the Convenience of re- 
 ferring.. 
 
 About 
 
County c/Durham, 21 
 
 About eight Miles Weft of Chefter-le-ftreet is an- 
 other ancient Roman Camp, called Lanchefter. Mr 
 Camden was of Opinion that it was the Roman Lon. 
 govicum, and by what Mr Hunter wrote to the Royal 
 Society, there is Reafon to reft in that Conjecture : 
 For he fays that feveral Infcriptions have been dug 
 up there, and that the Roman Street, called IVailing- 
 Jlreet, lies through it. It is a tolerable Country Vil- 
 lage, with an handfome Church, which before the 
 Reformation was collegiate, and was founded and en- 
 dowed by the afore-mentioned Anthony Beek, with a 
 Deanry and fix Prebends. Its Ruins (hew that there 
 has been formerly a much larger Traffc of Ground in- 
 clofed, and fortified with a thick ftrong Wall, con- 
 taining Temples, Palaces, Quarters for Soldiers, or 
 Barracks, &c. all which is confirmed, as was obferved 
 before, by feveral Infcriptions that have been dug 
 up ; but little can be feen now, both within and 
 without, but Ruins and Rubbifti. 
 
 On the South Side of the Wear, a little below 
 Chefter-lc-ftreet, is the Seat of the ancient Family of 
 the Lambtons. 
 
 From whence the River running due Eaft, pafTes by 
 Hilton Caftle,. formerly belonging to the Family of the 
 Hiltons, anciently Barons of this Realm, who refided 
 here ; for we find that Robert de Hilton, of Hilton, in 
 the County Palatine of Durham, had a Summons to 
 Parliament among the Barons of this Realm, in the 
 23d, 24th, and 25th Years of King Edward I. and 
 was in an Expedition againft Scotland in the fourth 
 Year of Edward II. He married one of the Coheireffes 
 of Marmaduke de Thweng, by whom he had large, 
 Pofleffions. The late John Hilton, Efq; retained the 
 Title, but the Privilege has been long difcontinued. 
 This Caftle is now the Property of Mrs Bowes, Relift 
 of George Bowes, Efq; late of Gibfide, in this County. 
 
 From 
 
22 A D E S CRIP T10N of the 
 
 From hence in lefs than three Miles the River 
 Wear difembogues itfelf into the Northern Ocean* 
 at whofe Mouth flands Sunderland on the South, 
 and Monk-wearmouth on the North Side. 
 
 Sunderland is a populous well built Sea Port and 
 Borough Town, though it fends no Reprefentatives 
 to Parliament. Either in Mr Camden's Time it was 
 not at all in Being, or elfe fo fmall and inconfiderable 
 as not to deferve his Notice. At high Water it is a 
 Peninfula, almoft furrounded by the Sea, which feem- 
 ing to pull it afunder from the main Land, may be 
 thought to give it the Name. The Market, which 
 is but fmall, is kept on Fridays, but when the Road 
 is well filled with Colliers, then Trade is more brifk 
 at the Shambles. 
 
 The Coal Trade, for which it is defervedly noted, 
 has greatly enriched it, and conduced to its prefent 
 fiourilhing Condition ; and were there an Harbour 
 deep enough to receive the Ships which are now 
 obliged to load in the Road off at Sea, or of the 
 fame Burden as enter the River Tyne, it would 
 greatly damage the Trade of Newcaftle. But the 
 Bed of the River Wear is fo rocky, that it is thought 
 neither Art nor Money is able to make it navigable, 
 as the Citizens of Durham have wiilied for many Years. 
 
 It is a Member Port of Newcaftle upon Tyne, as 
 appears by a Commiffion returned into the Exche* 
 quer in Michaelmas Term, 28 Charles II. 
 
 This Town gives Title of Earl of Sunderland to the 
 prefent Duke of Marborough, as defcended from Henry 
 Lord Spenfer, of Wormleighton, who was created 
 Earl of Sunderland by King Charles I. for his ap- 
 proved Loyalty and Adherence to him in the Civil 
 Wars, and was flain at the Battle of Newbury in the 
 fame Year of his Creation. — Charles, Father to the 
 prefent Earl of Sunderland, Marquis of Blandford, 
 
County o/Durhah, 
 
 2 3 
 
 and Duke of Marlborough, fucceeded to the Title of 
 Duke of Marlborough in Right of his Mother, one of 
 the Daughters of the ever-memorable John Churchill, 
 Duke of Marlborough. 
 
 Wearmouth, or as Bede calls it, Wiranmouth, now 
 commonly known by the Name of Monk-wearmouth, 
 becaufe it lies at the Mouth of the River Wear, and 
 before the Reformation was noted for a Convent of 
 Monks placed here by Bifhop Benedi£l, memorable 
 for his Induftry in colle&ing great Store of Books, 
 an'd as being the firft who introduced Mafons and 
 Glaziers into England. 
 
 We have an extraordinary Account of a Woman in 
 this Village, who, after being fafely delivered of a 
 fine Boy feven Weeks before, and being recovered 
 and going about her Houfhold Affairs, was again 
 taken ill in the Night of the 29th of April, 1744, 
 and fafely delivered of another Boy, who alfb, with 
 the Mother, lived and did well. 
 
 OoafHng along the Northern Ocean, which waflies 
 the Eaftern Part of this County, we pafs by feveral 
 fmall Villages in a delightful Situation and pleafant 
 Country, for the Space of nine or ten Miles, at the 
 End of which Road we come to South Shields, or 
 Sheales, as it is commonly pronounced, at the Month 
 of the River Tyne. This is a large Village, in which 
 were a great many Pan9 (fome fay two Hundred) for 
 boiling Sea Water into Salt, of which fuch large 
 Quantities were made here as not only furnifhed the 
 City of London, but all the Towns between the 
 Thames and the Tyne, where there is Water-carriage, 
 and the Meadows to the Weft and South of London. 
 But this Tra.de is much decreafed of late Years. 
 The River before this Village is generally full of 
 Ships (I have feen four Hundred, or thereabouts, at 
 one Time in the Harbour) either to load Salt, or 
 
 Coals 
 
*4 
 
 Description of the 
 
 Coals which are brought from the Staiths, or leading 
 Places on the feveral Parts and Branches of the River 
 Tyne, in Barges, Lighters, or Keels y as they are 
 called by the Inhabitants on this Coaft. All which 
 greatly contribute to the Trade and Improvement of 
 Shields ; which on thefe Accounts is well inhabited, 
 by the Manufacturers of Salt, many fubftantiah Cap- 
 tains, or Mailers of Ships, and fuch<Fradefmen, and 
 Artificers, as are neceflary, and depend on the fals 
 Works-, and the Sea Service. 
 
 About two Miles higher up the River Hands Jar- 
 row, or Girvy, according to the Ancients ; the Birth- 
 place, as fome think, of the venerable Bede, the great 
 Glory of England, for his eminent Learning arid 
 Piety. The Founder of the Monallry which here- 
 tofore flouriftied in this Place, and the Time when 
 it was erected, may be learned from an Infcripticfa 
 Hill legible and remaining on the Church Wall, viz. 
 Dedicatio Bafiiicae S. Pauli VIII. Kal. Maii Anno XV. 
 Egfridi Reg. Ceolfridi Abb. ejufdemq. Ecclef, Deo 
 auclore Conditoris Anno II1I. 
 
 In the primitive Times, the great Churches were 
 called Bafilicse, either becaufe the Bafiiicae, which were 
 flately Buildings, where the Magiftrates held then- 
 Courts, were, upon the Converfion of the Gentiles, 
 turned into Churches by the Chriftians, as Aufonius 
 fays, Bafiiica olim negotiis plena, nunc votis. i.e. The 
 Bafilica, thronged heretofore for Builnefs, is now fre- 
 quented for Prayers : Or, becaufe they were built in 
 an oblong Form like the Bafilicoc. Bede wrote many 
 Books in Divinity and Hiftory ; but after his Death, 
 fays William of Malmelbury, a Spirit of Ignorance 
 and Lazinefs invaded this Ifland, and there was a ge- 
 neral Decay of all ufeful Knowledge, and Neglect of 
 Hifbry. 
 
 Some 
 
County of Du r h a m\ a| 
 
 i Some fmall Remains of a monaftic Life were con- 
 tinued in thefe Parts, and this T9%vn was afligned by 
 |3ifliop Walcher for their Abode ; but the Danes had 
 oeen fo troublefome, that in the Beginning of the 
 Wman Times their Church or Chapel, where they 
 celebrated Divine Service, was a poor thatched Fa- 
 [prick, made up of fome old Walls, with a Roof of 
 ■ough unhewn Timber. 
 
 I The next Place of Note is Gatefhead, or Catefidc. 
 
 or it is written both Ways, though the former feems 
 |o be the more ancient, and has employed the Cri ticks 
 jo afcertain its Etymology. Of which take the fol- • 
 ti'owing. Extraft : Gatef-head, fay they, in Saxon, 
 fkvas called Gaetfheved, and by the Latin Hiftorians, 
 Caprx Caput; that is, Goatf-head ; which, they add, 
 reems the more certain, as it was a frontier Garrifon 
 hf the Romans againft the Scots and Picls, defended 
 py the Sea, and Cohorts of the Thraces ; and in the : 
 [Time of the latter Emperors called Gabrofentum ; in 
 ivvhich Name is retained the Senie of the old one, it 
 [having been in the Britifh Tongue, called Gaffr, u c. 
 [Si Goat, and Hen, put in Composition for Pen, /. c. a 
 [Irlead ; and thus they interpret Gabrofentum, Caprce 
 llCaput, or Goatf-head, corruptly Gaets, or Gatef-head. 
 BMr Camden fuppofes this Town took its Name from 
 fcjfome Inn which had the Goafs Head for its Sign, 
 l|as the Cock, in Africa, Three Sifters, in Spain, and 
 
 Pear, in Italy, did, in the Opinion of many learned 
 i Men, and Antoninus mentions them to prove it. It 
 
 is a Kind of Suburbs to Newcaftle, though it lies on 
 [ the South Bank of the Tyne, on the Side of a fteep 
 I Hill, facing the North, and at prefent is a large and 
 i fiourifhing Town, confifting of feveral good Streets, 
 I* | well built, and a fine old Gothick Church, which 
 
 ftanJs upon an Eminence overlooking the Tyne. And 
 ' ! though this Town is joined to Newcaftle by a $ue 
 
 larc^e 
 
26 %m Description of the 
 
 large Stone Bridge, it is in a different County, and !j 
 under a feparate Jurifdiction, whofe Privileges reach I 
 as far as the Blue Stone on the Middle of the laid I 
 Bridge, the Biihop of Durham being the Lord of the 
 Manor. Near this Stone, on the North Side, is built 
 a large Tower with huge Iron Gates, to prefer ve the i. 
 Bounds between the Counties. 
 
 When King Edward VI. fupprefled the Bifhoprick 
 of Durham, he annexed this Place to Newcaftle ; but \ 
 Queen Mary I. foon after reftored it to the Church. 
 It is thought to have been built before Newcaftle, 
 which yet is very ancient, for Mr Camden is of Opi- 
 nion that they were then but one Town parted by I 
 the River. We may alfo reafonably infer from the ! 
 Name of the Place, that Tolls were taken at the Toll- j 
 booth, as it is now called, and that the Ship Matters ! 
 cleared their Ships at the Place called the Anchorage, 
 adjoining to Gatefhead Church, which is now ufed as j 
 a School-houfe, w 7 hich Privileges have, many Years 
 ago, been transferred to Newcaftle. 
 
 Our Hiftorians tell us, that Walcher, Bifliop of 
 Durham (who was conftituted Earl by William the 
 Conqueror to govern Northumberland) was, for his 
 Cruelty in killing Earl Liulphus and his Family, {lain 
 here by the Furioufnefs of the Rabble, who fet Fire 
 to the Church, into which he had fled for Sanctuary. 
 The Church then flood a little to the Eaft where 
 the prefent one ftands, in a Field which from the Per- 
 petration of that Fact obtained the Name of Lawlefs 
 Clofe. The Fields and Common Lands about this 
 Village are full of Coal Works. 
 
 About three Miles higher up, at the Conflux of 
 the Derwent with the Tyne, thefe Works appear in 
 greater Perfection ; and at Swalwell, &c. are large I 
 Manufactories of almoft all Sorts of Iron Wares, ef- 
 tabliflied by the late Sir Ambrofe Crowley ; and from 
 
 hence 
 
Co U K T Y o/DuRHA Mo 
 
 2J 
 
 hence farther into the Country to the South Weft- 
 ward, about Tanfield Moor, Pontop, Butstkld, &c. 
 towards Stanhope, the Traveller, is delighted with 
 the various Machines and Contrivances, both in the 
 Management of wanning the Coals out of the Pit?, 
 *nd in conveying them to the Staiths on the River 
 Side. The laft is performed by large Waggons that 
 hold at leaft two London Chaldrons each, which with- 
 out Horfes, and by their own Poife, in fame Places, 
 are made to run on wooden Frames proportioned to 
 the Breadth of the Waggons, and to the Thicknefs of 
 their Wheels, which are called Waggon Ways ; fbme 
 of thefe Ways are from one to eight Miles in Length ; 
 and. great Hills have been cut away, Vaiiies filled up, 
 and high and diftant Mountains joined together by 
 Arches, at an immenfe Exprnce, to procure an eafy 
 Defcent from the remoteft inland Collieries, to the 
 Side of a navigable River, where thefe Automata, or 
 felf-moving Waggons, range one after another to 
 their refpe&ive Staiths, or wooden Stages inclofed 
 and made to tally exactly with the Ways, and framed 
 in the fame Manner, to receive and conducl: the Wag • 
 gons over many different Openings ; over one of which 
 when the Waggon is exactly fettled, the Man that 
 attends it knocks out the Bolt at the Bottom of the 
 Waggon, which kept it tight, and 'this Bottom open- 
 ing like a Trap Door, the Coals empty themfelves 
 into the Wharf under the Stage, or into the Keels, 
 (if any wait for Loading) by Means of Spouts faf- 
 tened under the Holes, and reaching almoft to flic 
 VeflH. Thefe Waggons are made confiderably nar- 
 rower and fhorter at the Bottom than the Top, and 
 not fo fquare as a Mill Hopper. As there is gene- 
 rally a regular Defcent from the Pit to the Staith, 
 it is much the hardeft Work for the Horfe to draw 
 the empty Waggon back to the Pit on another Way 
 
 adjoining 
 
f o yfl D E S C & I P T I o n of the 
 
 adjoining that on which the loaded Waggon was car- 
 ried down to the Staith. 
 
 Farther up the Derwent about eight Miles, where 
 .it becomes the North Welt Boundary of this County, 
 Hands Ebcbefter, & very finall Village, fo called from 
 a Saxon Saint named Ebba, defcended of the Blood 
 Royal of the Northumbrians, who flourifhed about 
 .the Year 630, and was in fiich great Repute and Ef- 
 teem for her Sanctity, that (He was folemnly canonized 
 for a Saint,' and has many Churches in this Ifiand de- 
 dicated to her, which are commonly called St. T abb's, 
 or St. Ebb's. 
 
 Having furveyed whatever we think mofl deferving 
 Notice in the Reft of this County, we come now to 
 take a View of its Metropolis, the City of Durham, or 
 as the Saxons call it, Dimholm, and the Norman 
 Conquerors, Durefme. Dunholtn, according to Bede, 
 is a Compound of Dun, an Hill, and Holme, a River 
 Ifiand, or Land farroimded with Water, as it almoft 
 is by the River Wear. It is fituated on an Hill, .as 
 its Name imports, but its Suburbs extend to the Bot- 
 tom of it, and was anciently of that Confequence, 
 and fo fiourifhing, that it gives Name to the Bi- 
 fhoprick' and County, which the ancient Kings of this 
 Nation diftinguifhed by their Favours, and the Pri- 
 vileges they granted to it, above all others in their 
 Dominions. 
 
 It is cut in two Places by the River Wear, and 
 united again by two handfome and ftrong Stone 
 Bridges; one on the South, at the Bottom of -Elver, 
 which is therefore called Elvet Bridge, with many 
 good Homes upon it : The other on the North Road, 
 joimpg the Bottom of Silver-ftreet and Framwelgate, 
 and is therefore called Framwelgate Bridge. The 
 City is large, and contains fix Parifh Churches, be- 
 fides the Cathedral or Abbey Church, which is very 
 
 noble 
 
County gf Dukha m . 29 
 
 noble and magnificent, adorned with a very high 
 Tower, which ariles from the Midft of it, and two 
 Spires at the Weft End. On the South of the Abbey, 
 or Cathedral, is a fine- Square, containing ftately 
 Houfes for the Dean, Prebendaries, &c. called the 
 College. On the Weft of the Place Green, where 
 Oliver Cromwell had given Orders to erecl an Uni- 
 verftty, are the Courts of Juftice, where the (Quarter 
 Seffions for the County and the Ailizes are kept. The 
 County Jail, which is a ftately,. ftrong, commodious, 
 and lofty Building, is at the upper End of Sadler- 
 ftreet, under which are ftrong Gates leading- to the 
 Place Green. There are other Gates at the South 
 End of Framwelgate Bridge, and at the North Ea±b 
 Corner of the Market-place, called Claypath Gates. 
 
 There is an handfome and commodious Market-' 
 houfe, or Guildhall, and a very fine Crofs, ?fA a Stone 
 Fountain, called by the Citizens, the Pant, in the Mid- 
 dle of a large Square, cr well paved Market- place. The 
 Streets are wide, well paved, and well built ; and as 
 they lie moftly upon a Defcent, are very clean ; and 
 what can fcarcely be laid of any other Town of the 
 fame Circumference, there are few Houfes, even in 
 the Heart of the City, but open backwards either to - 
 the River, or to fome adjacent pleafant Walk. It 
 meafures about a Mile and an Half from the Top of 
 Elvet in the South, to the Top of Framwelgate in 
 the North, and as much from the Little Bailey in fie 
 Weft to St. Giles's Church, or vulgarly Gilligate, in 
 the Eaft, though its Circumference muft not be com- 
 puted from thefe crofs Dimenfions, becaufe the River 
 and the interjacent Meadows fill up a great Space in 
 every Angle. Behind the Little Bailey, at the Bot- 
 tom of the Hp where the Abbey ftands, is ano- 
 ther Stone Bridge, called the New Bridge, over the 
 Wear. 
 
 Q_2 - The 
 
*d D £ S C R I P T I o n of the 
 
 The ancient Government of this City was by Bai- 
 liffs appointed by the Bifhop, who was called Baliivi 
 Burghi Durham; and in the Time of Bifhop Nevi], 
 who preiided in this See from 1 4 38 to 1457, began, 
 to be called Baliivi Civitatis Dunelm : And 'in his 
 Tims there is Mention made of an Alderman of 
 Durham, by which Name of Alderman and Burgeffes 
 of Durham Bifhop Pilkinton, in the eighteenth Year 
 of Queen Elizabeth's Reign, by Charter incorporated 
 this City, appointing Chriftopher Surtees, Gent. Al- 
 derman, and twelve "BurgefTes to affift him ; which 
 twelve were to chufe other twelve, and thefe twenty- 
 four were to chufe an Alderman, on the fourth of 
 OcTober yearly. 
 
 Bifhop Matthews changed the Name of Alderman 
 into Mayor, and of Burgeffes into Aldermen ; which 
 Privileges being furrendered to the Right Honourable 
 and Right Reverend Nathanael Lord Crew, Bifhop of 
 this Diocefe, Auguft 25, 1684, he procured them a 
 Charter, dated March 7, 1684-5, by the Name of 
 the Mayor, Aldermen, &c. of the City of Durham, 
 confirming to them their ancient Privileges and Li- 
 berties, which, be fides what are common to other 
 Corporations, are thefe that follow : 
 
 The Mayor, Aldermen, and Commonalty of this 
 City, by their Recorder and Town-clerk, can hold a 
 Court Leet and Court Baron, within their City, un- 
 der the Stile of " The Court of the Right Reverend 
 " Father in God the Lord Bifhop of Durham, and 
 " his SuccefTors, held before A. B. Mayor, and C. D*. 
 M Recorder of Durham. 1 ' 
 
 There is but one weekly Market in this City, and 
 that cn Saturdays, and its principal Fair is on the 
 20th of March, the Anniverftry of their Patron St. 
 Cuthbert, on which Occasion the Corporation has a 
 Power to keep a Court of Pyepowder. 
 
 At 
 
County of Durham. 
 
 3* 
 
 At this Time the Bifhop, as abfolute Lord of the 
 Town and County, appoints all Officers of Juftice, 
 as a Count Palatine, viz. a Judge, a Steward, Bailiff, 
 and other inferior Magiftrates, and the City is go- 
 verned by a Mayor, Aldermen, and Sheriff's, who, 
 with the Freemen, chufe two Members of Parliament, 
 and are now reprefented by General John Lambton, of 
 Lambton Hall, near this City, Efq; and John Tern- 
 peft, of Sherburn, alfo near this City, Efq; 
 
 The Foundation of this City is generally dated no 
 longer ago than the Year 667, or thereabouts; but 
 it was fo well promoted by the Intereft of the re- 
 ligious Men. who firft pitched upon it for their Re- 
 sidence, that it prefently rofe into- great Efteem, and 
 flouriihed to an Excels of Grandeur and Power, ob- 
 tained in thofe credulous Ages, by the artful Manage- 
 ment of the Monks, who pretended a Vifion for car- 
 rying the Body of St. Cuthbert into this Penmfula, 
 and depofitiug it- on that Hill quite over-run with 
 Wood and Brambles, . except juft its Summit, where 
 now the Abbey and Caftle Hands, which, as they fay, 
 was a fine even Plain covered only with Grafs. 
 
 On this Place they erected a final! Oratory, or. 
 Chapel, made of Wreathen Wands, Twigs, Branches,- 
 or Hurdles, on that Spot of Ground, as it is thought,, 
 where Bough Church- now (lands; a little Way from 
 the Eaft End of the Abbey, which was not built till 
 (bine Time after. In this Chapel the Monks of Lin- 
 disfarne depofited the Reliques of their St. Cuthbert, 
 till a more fumptuous Church could be built to his 
 Name. Arid they founded the Praife of the Saint's 
 Power fo well, that Uthred, King of Northumberland, 
 affiled them, and caufed the Country People to clear 
 away the Wood, &c. and to make a coovetnea* Plot 
 tp erect Buildings upon. 
 
 CL3 Aliwinus 
 
32 ^Description of the 
 
 Aldwine having flniihed that Part of his intended 
 Abbey called the White Ghapel, built of Stone, he 
 removed St. Cuthbert's Body from Bough Church 
 into it, where it remained four Years, and was thence 
 tranflated into the great Church afterwards called the 
 Abbey, or Cathedral, in the Year 1017, which, dif- 
 fering- the common Fate of religious Hoirfes upon the 
 Danifh Invafion, was feventy-fix Years after refettled 
 with Monks brought from Wearmouth and Jarrow 
 by Bifhop William de Careleph, who, not content 
 with the Smallnefs- and Hcmelinefs of the Edifice 
 erected by Bifhop Aldwine, as being too little for fo 
 great a Saint, refclved to pull it down, and to build 
 die prefent magnificent Structure, which he efTefted 
 by the Help of Malcolm, King of Scotland, and Tur- 
 got the Prior, who "affifted him in laying the firft 
 Stones of the new Foundation, on the 30th of July,, 
 or the nth of Augufc, in the Year 1093, having de- 
 pouted the Body of St. Cuthbert in the Cloyfter-garth. 
 The Bifhop had this new Church fo much at Heart, 
 that he obliged the Monks to labour daily upon it, at 
 fuch Times as their Duty in Prayer, and their con- 
 ventual Service, would permit them : But he died vet 
 the Year 1005, leaving this Undertaking to his Sue- 
 ceffors. 
 
 Ralph Flamberd being ele&ed in his Stead, (hewed 
 the fame Intention and Zeal for profecuting the Work, , 
 and holding this See twenty-nine Years, he got the 
 Walls almoft to the Roof; and tranflated the Saint's 
 Body into the Feretory, or Chapel behind the high 
 Altar ; but by his Death he was obliged to leave 
 * the finifhing of it to his SuccefTor,. Nicholas Fern- 
 ham, and Prior Thomas Melfonby,. who enlarged and 
 arched it over in 1242. The Shrine of St. Cuth 
 bert, placed z% above-mentioned, with great Magni- 
 ficence, 
 
Co UNTY of D U R HA M, 
 
 33 
 
 ficence, and Encomiums on his Power of Interceflion 
 with God for his Devotees, drew Multitudes of Peo- 
 ple, of all Qualities and Degrees* to pay their Devo- 
 tion before it, and to bring their choiceft Offerings. 
 
 To this Cathedral, which is inferior to none in 
 England for Beauty and rich Ornaments, as Tapeftry, 
 Plate for the Sacraments, Copes, Organs, &c. belong 
 a Dean, two Archdeacons, twelve Prebendaries (who 
 have each of them a convenient Houfe alloted them 
 in the College-yard adjoining to it) eight Minor Ca- 
 nons, eight Singing Men, and ten Singing Boys, and 
 other inferior Officers, which ferve for the decent and 
 devout Adminiflration of Divine Service. 
 
 Walter Skirhw," who was Biihop of this See eigh- 
 teen Years, and died in 1406, built the Chapel at 
 the Weft End of this Abbey, where was the Tomb of 
 the venerable Bede, who, being a Man of great Sanc- 
 tity, was another Occafion of bringing many Pilgrims 
 to his Shrine yearly, to the great Honour of this 
 Church, and Emolument of the Monks its PofTeiTors. 
 This Tomb is dill (hewn in St. Mary's Chapel, and 
 over it hangs now, or lately did hang, an old Parch- 
 ment, containing a large Colle£lion of his Virtues and 
 Graces, and among odiers this particular Encomium, 
 viz. Omni major, & Angelus in Orbis Angulo, and con- 
 cluded with this Monkifli Rhyme, according to the 
 Humour of that A^e, 
 
 Mc funt'in Foffa 
 Bcdae venerabilis offa. 
 
 After William Duke of Normandy had fubdued 
 the Englifh, and got PofTeflion of the Englifli Throne, 
 many who were uneafy under the Norman Government 
 and declared for Swenoe the Dane, looking upon this 
 City to be a Place of Strength, feized upon it, built 
 a Cattle with a Rampart, and called it Dunholm ; 
 from whence they dillurbed the neighbouring Coun- 
 ties 
 
34 *4 Description gf/fo 
 
 ties by frequent Sallies, till William marched againfi 
 them in Perfon, and, they lofing all Hopes of being 
 fupported by Swenoe, were obliged to confult their 
 own Safety by their timely Flight. Upon this the 
 Citizens opened their Gates to the Conqueror, who 
 rewarded them with many new Privileges, and con* 
 firmed the Liberties of the Church. He alfo built 
 the Caftle upon an higher Part of the Hill where it 
 now Hands, and is become the Bifhop's Palace. The 
 Keys of it formerly in a Vacancy of the See were 
 hung upon St. Cuthbert's Tomb. From this King's 
 Reign this County dates its Privilege of being Palatine,, 
 and fome of the Bifhops, as Counts Palatine, have 
 borne in their Seals a Knight armed, fitting upon an 
 Horfe with Trappings, brandifhing a Sword with* 
 one Hand, and with the other holding out the Arms, 
 of the Bilhoprick. 
 
 Its Strength after this increafed very much ; for 
 as its great Wealth and advantageous Situation, on 
 the Borders of a troublefome neighbouring King- 
 dom often created it Enemies, who would have been 
 glad of its Plunder, and powerful Addition to the 
 Scottifh Crown ; but the Englifh took Care to fortify 
 it in thofe Times with flout Walls, whofe Ruins and 
 Foundations are to be feen in feveral Places : So that 
 although the Scots, by their continual Inroads, wafted 
 the Country about it, deftroyed many Villages and 
 Towns, and, in King Edward the Third's Reign, 
 penetrated as far as Beau Park, or Beer Park, juft 
 under the City, laying every Place wafte with Fire 
 and Sword, under the Conduct and Command of 
 their King David Bruce, yet they never were able to 
 to ftorm the City, without the Ruins of whofe Walls, 
 they tell yon are buried vaft Heaps or Mountains of 
 Scotchmen's Bones. 
 
 At 
 
County Durham, 35 
 
 At the Time of this Invafion by David Bruce, 
 King Edward the Third was let down before Calais, 
 Bat William Zouch, Archbifhop of York, and Henry 
 Piercy, Earl of Northumberland, with Rich Forces as 
 the Shortnefs of the Time, and Exigencies of their 
 Affairs would admit, marched againfi: him, and com- 
 ing up with the Scottifh Army 011 the feveateenth of 
 October* 1346, and being joined by the Citizens un- 
 der the Conduct of Ralph Lord Nevil and his Son 
 John, they gave them Battle on the Plain called Crofs- 
 gate Moor, on the Weft Side of the City, and about 
 a Mile from Croflgate Church. The Engliuh charged 
 thefe Invaders with fuch Heat and Bravery, that they 
 almoft cut ofF their firft and fecond Battalions to a 
 Man, and put the third into fuch Confirmation, that 
 they difperfed, and fled Home again with the utmoft 
 Expedition, leaving behind them 15,000 flain on the 
 Field of Battle, among whom were feven Earls and 
 many Lords ; befides the Archbifhop of St. Andrews, 
 one Bifhop, four Earls, feven Lords, and the King 
 himfelf forely wounded, who were all taken Prifoners. 
 In Memory of this fignal Deliverance of this City, and 
 Viftory over its Enemies, Lord Nevil erefted a moft 
 beautiful Crofs, cut in Stone, with the Arms of his 
 Family emboffed upon it, in many Parts, in that 
 Place where two Roads interfeft each other, which 
 to this Day, though utterly defaced, is called Nevil's 
 Crofs ; and the Ancients tell the rifing Generations, 
 that here the EnglHh fought Knee deep in Blood : 
 Nor did they part with the Scottith King till he had 
 put Part of his Country, and many of his Caftles, 
 that annoyed us, into their Hands. 
 
 It is probable the Bifhops of Durham were Counts 
 Palatine before the Conqueft : However it is clear, as 
 remarked above, that they were acknowledged, or 
 ooade fuch by the Conqueror ; for it was a Maxim in 
 
 his 
 
A Desc rip t ion of the 
 
 his Rpgp, that Qucquid Rex habet extra Comf'tatum 
 Dunelmenfem, Epifcopus habet intra, nifi aliqua fit 
 Conceffio aut Praefcriptio in contrarium ; i. e. The 
 Bilhop had as large a Power in his Bifhoprick, as 
 the King had out of it. They had Power to levy 
 Taxes, make Truces with the "Scots, and to raife 
 Defenfible Men within the Bifhoprick from fix teen.' 
 to fixty Years of Age. They could call a Parlia- 
 ment, and create Barons. to fit and. vote in that grand 
 Council, of whom the Prior of Durham, Hilton of 
 Hilton, Conycrs of Sockburn, Bulmer of Branfpeth, 
 Surrefle of Dinfdale, Hanlard of Evenwood, are faid; 
 to be feme. 
 
 Although, the Ecelefiaftieal Canons forbid any Cler- 
 gyman to be prefent when Judgment of Blood is 
 given, yet the Bifhop, as a temporal Prince, could,, 
 ia that Capacity, fit in his Purple Robes to pronounce 
 Sentence of Death ; whence arofe that Saying, " So- 
 " lum Dunelmenfe judicat ftola & enfe." He could 
 coin Money, and tili the Statute of Henry VIII. he 
 could hold in his own Name thofe Courts which 
 in other Parts of the Kingdom were held in the 
 King's Name. He could make Juflices of Peace and 
 Affize, of Oyer and Terminer, and all Writs went 
 out in his- Name. He had a RegiiTer of Writs of as 
 much Authority in his Se£, as that in the King's 
 Courts. He had his Courts of Chancery, Common 
 Pleas, -and- County Courts, Copyhold or Halmot 
 Courts, held by his Stewards, who were generally 
 Perfons of diftinguifhed Worth and Merit. 
 
 Moil: of the Lands of the Palatinate belonged to 
 the Bifhop, and were held of him, as Lord Para- 
 mount, in Capite, &c. as the Lands in other Parts 
 were held of the King. All the Moors and Waftes 
 In this County, to which no other Perfon could make 
 a Title, belonged to him,, and could not be inclofed 
 
 without 
 
County ^ Durham. 
 
 without a fpecial Grant from him : Neither could 
 Freehold Lands be alienated without his Leave, and 
 if any were, they were obliged, upon Diicovery, to 
 fue to him for his Patent of Pardon, which he could 
 alfo grant for all Intrufions, TrefpafTes, &c. 
 
 Re had Villains and Bond-men whom he manumit- 
 ted when he pleafed, and made free. He claimed 
 and feized for his own Ufe all the Goods, Chattels, 
 and Lands, of thofe convicted of Treafon, Outlawries, 
 and Felonies. He had the Profits of all Tenures 
 by Wardfliips, Marriages, Liveries, primier Seizins, 
 Oufter-lemains, &c. He gave Licence to build Cha- 
 pels, found Chantries and Hofpitals : He erected Bo- 
 roughs and Corporations, granted Markets and Fairs, 
 and appointed Stewards in all Borough Courts, and 
 Clerks of the Market in the City, and all Boroughs 
 and Towns. 
 
 • He could create feveral great Officers under him 
 by Patent, either during his Pleafure (quamdiu fe 
 bene geiTerint, & quamdiu Epifcopo placuerit) or for 
 Life ; fuch as Chancellor, Conftable of the Caftle of 
 Durham, Great Chamberlain, Under Chamberlain, 
 Secretary, Steward, Treafurer, and Comptroller of the 
 Houfhold ; Prothonatories, Clerks of his Chancery, 
 Crown, and Peace, Supervifors of his Lordfhip's Caf- 
 tles, and Mines of Coal, Lead, and Iron ; Coroners, 
 Confervators of the Rivers and Waters, &c. But all 
 thefe Patents expired at the Death of the Bifhop who 
 granted them, unlefs they were confirmed by the 
 Dean and Chapter. 
 
 He had alfo feveral Forefts, Chaces, Parks, and 
 Wools, over which he appointed Forefters (who kept 
 Courts in his Manor, and determined all Things 
 relating to his Forefts and the Tenants to them) Par- 
 kers, Rangers, and Pale-keepers. As Lord Admiral 
 of the Seas and Waters, within his County Palatine, 
 
 he 
 
*A Description of the 
 
 he could commiffion and appoint Vice-admirals, 
 Courts of Admiralty, Judges, Rcgifters, Examiners, 
 OfTicers of Beaconage, and Anchorage ; and award 
 Commiffioners to regulate Waters, and PafTages of 
 Waters. 
 
 But many of thefe Privileges are fmce either taken 
 away by the Statute of the 27th of King Henry VI II. 
 Chap. 24, or were grown abfolete before ; for as to 
 the Bifhop's Liberty of Coinage, and maintaining a 
 Mint for that End, we find from our Hiftories, that 
 they coined Money in the Reign of Richard I. in the 
 Year 1196, and continued it to the Year 1540, but 
 it has been difufed ever fmce. The Statute of King 
 Henry VIII. abridged the Bifhops of feveral of their 
 chief Prerogatives, by enacting, 
 
 " That after July 1, 1536, no Perfon or Perfons, 
 *' of what Eflate or Degree foever, (hall have any 
 u Power or Authority to pardon or remit any Trea- 
 *' foils, Murders, Man- (laughters, Felonies, or Out- 
 " lawries, nor any Acceffories to the fame, commit- 
 44 ted, perpetrated, or done, by or againft any Perfon 
 u or Perfons in any Part of this Realm, Wales, cr 
 *' the Marches of the fame ; but that the King's 
 " Highnefs, his Heirs, and Succeflbrs, Kings of this 
 " Realm, mall have the whole and fole Power and 
 " Authority thereof. 
 
 *' As alfo, that no Perfon or Perfons, of what Ef- 
 " tate or Degree foever they be, fhall from the faid 
 " July the firft, have any Power or Authority to 
 " make any Juftices of Eyre, Affize, Peace, or Goal 
 " Delivery; but that all fuch Officers and Minifters 
 " (hall be made by Letters Patent under the King's 
 " Great Seal, in the Name and by the Authority of 
 " the King's Highnefs, and his SucceiTbrs, in all 
 H Shires, Counties, Counties Palatine, and other 
 " Places of the Realm, &c. 
 
 " As 
 
County cf D u p. h a m . 
 
 19 
 
 j *< As alfo, that all original Writs, and judicial 
 xc Writs, and) all Manner of Indictments of Treafon, 
 fi Felony, and TreCpafs, and all Manner of Procefs 
 " to be made upon the fame in every County Pala- 
 " tine, and other Liberties within this Realm of Eng- 
 " land, &c. be made only in the Name of our Sove- 
 M reign Lord the King, and his Heirs, the Kings of 
 xc England ; and in every fuch Indiftment for any 
 jf Thing done or committed againft the King's Peace* 
 " it fliall be made and fuppofed to be done only 
 ".againft the King*s Peace, his Heirs, and SuccefTors, 
 " and not againft the Peace of any Perfon or Perfons 
 " whatfoever; any Aft of Parliament, Grant, Cuf- 
 ff torn, or Ufage to the contrary notwithftanding.'* 
 
 By thefe Claufes the Bifhoprick of Durham is 
 ftript of three chief Branches of its ancient Power, 
 and though it retains the Name of a Palatinate, has 
 no other Prerogatives than are confiftent with the 
 general Rules of the Englifh Government 5 yet, the 
 fame Statute has annexed to the Bifhop one Privi- 
 lege above others (viz.) 
 
 " Provided always and be it enadted, That Cuth- 
 " bert now Biftiop of Durham and his SuccefTors-, 
 " and their temporal Chancellor of the County Pa- 
 " latine of Durham for the Time being, and every 
 u of them fhall from henceforth be Juftices of the 
 " Peace within the faid County Palatine of Durham, 
 " and fliall and may exercife all Manner of Things 
 " within the faid County Palatine that appertaineth 
 " or belongeth to any Juftice of the Peace within any 
 " other County of this Realm of England to do, or 
 11 exercife, any Thing, or "Things, in this Adt to the 
 " contrary notwithftanding." 
 
 In this State King Henry Vtll. left this See> which 
 fell under a more fevere Cenfure in the Reign of 
 King Edward VI. for by an Aft of Parliament (never 
 R printed) 
 
4° 
 
 A Description of the 
 
 printed) all the Lands, and the whole Rights and 
 PofTeflions of the Biftioprick of Durham, were given 
 to the Crown ; and the Town of Gateftiead being fe- 
 vered from it, was annexed to the Town of New- 
 caftle ; yet with this Provifo, that the Inhabitants of 
 Gateftiead ftiall frill enjoy their Privilege of Common 
 in the Biftioprick of Durham, and have Wood out of 
 Gateftiead Park for their Reparations. But the Bi- 
 ftioprick was not diiTolved long before Queen Mary I. 
 fucceeded to the Crown, and in her fecond Parlia- 
 ment repealed the Statute of Diflblution made in the 
 latter End of the Reign of Edward VI. and reftoring 
 Cuthbert Tunflal, the Biftiop, who had been ejefred 
 for his obftinate Refiftance to the Reformation, gave 
 him the faid Biftioprick, and ali the Lands, Poflef- 
 Jfions, and Franchifes thereunto belonging (except one 
 Capital Manfion-houfe, in Thames-ftreet, London, and 
 five Tenements thereunto adjoining) with the laid 
 Town of Gateftiead. And from this Time the faid 
 See has retained and enjoyed many of its other Pri- 
 vileges which are not taken away by the Statute of 
 King Henry VIII. and which his Daughter Queen 
 Mary did not repeal. 
 
 The Biftiop of Durham, befides being a Palatine 
 Count, is alfo Earl of Sadberg (as was laid before) 
 a Place in this County which he ftill holds by Barony. 
 It was bought of King Richard I. by Hugh Pudfey, 
 Biftiop of this See, who annexed it to it as it is now 
 enjoyed. This County has never given Title to any 
 of the Nobility befides, becaufe it is abfolutely in- 
 verted in the Bifnop, who is Sheriff Paramount, and 
 appoints his Deputy, who never accounts, as other 
 Sheriffs do, In the Exchequer, but makes up his Au- 
 dit to him. 
 
 Biftiop Tanner, in his Notitia, writes, that there 
 
 was a religious Houfe for Slack Canons, begun at 
 
 Butanes- 
 
County ^/Durham. 41 
 
 Ba&anesford by Henry, Son of BUhop Pudfey ; but 
 being difturbed in this Foundation by the Monks ot 
 Durham, he, after the Death of his Father, dropped 
 the Defign, and eftablifhed a Cell at Finchale, in the 
 Year 1 196. An Hofpital of St. John at Bernardcafile, 
 valued the 26th of Henry VIII. at five Pounds Fif- 
 teen Shillings and Eight-pence a Year, whofe Maffcr- 
 fhip is in the Gift of the Lord High Chancellor. A 
 Church, or Chapel, dedicated to St. Andrew, at Bi~ 
 ihop-auckland, by Anthony Beek, in the Year 1 191, 
 which maintained a Dean, and eleven Prebendaries. 
 In the 26th of Henry VIII. the Deanry was valued at 
 one hundred Pounds Seven Shillings and Two-pence, 
 and the eleven Prebends at feventy-nine Pounds Six- 
 teen Shillings and Eight-pence a Year. A Monaftry 
 of Monks, or fecular Canons* brought here by Bifhop 
 Eardulphus, with St. Curiibert's Body, from Lindis* 
 fame, in the Year 883. Rilhop Beek, in.the Year. 
 1286, made this Church collegiate, to confift' of a 
 Dean, feven Prebendaries, five Chaplains, three Dea- 
 cons, &c. which in the 26th of Henry VIII. were va- 
 lued at feventy-feven Pounds Twelve Shillings ami 
 Eight-pence a Year. A collegiate Church by Bifhop 
 Pudfey,. as above, which in the 26th of Henry VIII. 
 was valued at feventy-three Pounds Six Shillings and 
 Eight-pence a Year. The Abbey of Durham was firft 
 poflefted by fecular Canons fettled there by Aldwinus,. 
 995, who were expelled by William Careleph, and 
 replaced with Benedictines, who enjoyed it to its 
 Diflblution by Henry VIII. when the Bifhoprick was 
 valued at three thoufand one hundred and thirty-eight 
 Pounds Nine Shillings and Eight-pence a Year, in the 
 Whole ; and the Revenues of the Church at one thou- 
 fand three hundred and fixty-fix Pounds Ten Shillings 
 and Nine-pence a Year, according to Dugdale ; one 
 thoufand fix hundred and fifteen Pounds Fourteen* 
 
 R 2 Shillings 
 
4 2 ^Description of the 
 
 Shillings and Ten -pence, according to Speed; but 
 according to others, two thoufand two hundred and 
 fifteen Pounds. After this DifTolution of the Abbey, 
 &c. dedicated to St. Cuthbert, King Henry called it 
 the Cathedral Church of Chrift and the Blefled Vir-. 
 |fin; and in his 3 3d Year refounded and amply en- 
 dowed it for a Dean, twelve Prebends, twelve Minor 
 Canons-, fixteen Lay Singing Men, and other Officers, 
 and Minifters,. allowing them one thoufand feven hun- 
 dred and twenty-eight Pounds Three Shillings and 
 Five-pence a Year. A Nunnery at Ebchefter, on the 
 Banks of the Derwent, founded by St. Ebba before 
 the Year 660, and deftroyed by the Danes. A Houfe 
 of Benedictine Monks at Finchale, founded in the 
 Year 11 70 upon the Hermitage of St. Godric, who. 
 lived there in the Year 1128. Its Value in the 26th, 
 of Henry VIII. was one hundred and twenty-two, 
 Pounds Fifteen Shillings and Three-pence a Year, and 
 was foon after its DifTolution given to the Dean and 
 Chapter of Durham. The Church, or Abbey, as it 
 was called, and the Monaftry, are all in Ruins : Some 
 Parts of it turned into aFarm-houfe, and other meaner 
 Offices. The Land hereabouts produceth the bell 
 Muftard Seed, for which Durham was fa famous all 
 over Europe. A Monaftry of BenedicYme Monks in 
 Gate/head, where Gatefhead Houfe now Hands, found- 
 ed before the Year 653. Alfo an Hofpital, dedicated 
 to the Holy Trinity, in the Beginning of the Reign 
 of Henry III. Another dedicated to St. Edmund the 
 Bifhop, and St. Cuthbert, by Nicholas de Farneham, 
 Bifiiop of Durham, in the Year 1247, valued the 26th 
 of Henry VIII. at one hundred and nine Pounds Four 
 Shillings and Four-pence a Year. It is now in the Gift 
 of the Bifhop of Durham. A Houfe of Grey Friars 
 founded at Hartlepool before the Year 1275, and af- * 
 !er the DifTolution given/ in the 37th of Renry VIII. 
 
County / Duuhah, 
 
 43 
 
 to John Dayley and John Scudamore: And at or near 
 this Place, is the ancient Nunnery called Hiorthu, 
 founded by Hieu, or St. Bega, upon the firft Con- 
 verlion of the Northumbrians, about the Year 640 ; 
 whereof St. Hilda was afterwards Abbefs. An ancient 
 Monaftry of Benedictines at Jarrow, founded about 
 the Year 684, and dedicated to St, Paul : At Its Dif- 
 folution it was valued at thirty-eight Pounds Fourteen 
 Shillings and Four-pence a. Year, and in the 36th of 
 Kenry VIII. was granted to William Lord Eure. An. 1 
 Hqipital at Kepier, or Keeper, founded in the Year 
 1 1 1 2, in Honour of St. Giles, for a Mafter and Bre- 
 thren. In the 26th of Henry VIII. it was rated at 
 one hundred and eighty Pounds and Ten-pence a 
 Year, furrendered on the fourteenth of January, in< 
 the 36th oi Henry VIII » and granted the fame Year, 
 to Sir William Paget* A collegiate Church founded 
 by Bifhop Beek in the Year 1289, for a Dean and 
 feven Prebendaries, valued in the 26th of Henry VIII. 
 at forty-nine Pounds Three Shillings and Four-pence, 
 and granted the feventh of Edward VI. to Simon 
 Welbury and Chriftcpher Morcland. A collegiate 
 Church, dedicated to St. Mary, at Norton, near 
 Stockton, founded' in the Year 1227, for eight Pre- 
 bendaries, and valued in the 26th of Henry. VJII. at 
 thirty-four Pounds Thirteen Shillings and Fcurtpence. 
 An Hofpital for Lepers, dedicated to - Mary Magda- 
 lene, by Bilhop Pudfey, at Shirbcrji, near Durham, 
 valued in the 26th of Henry VIII. at one hundred and 
 forty-two Pounds Thirteen Shillings and Four-pence. 
 It is now in the Gift of the BHhop of Durham. A 
 College at- Staindrop, by Ralph Nevil, Earl of Weft- 
 morland in the Time of Henry IV. for a Matter or 
 Warden, fix Priefts, fix Clerks, fix decayed Gentle- 
 men, fix poor Officers, and other poor Men, dedi- 
 cated to the Virgin Mary. At the DiUblution it was 
 
 R 3 valued 
 
44 D EsciPPT.iON ^ the 
 
 valued at one hundred and feventy Pounds Four Sh: fi- 
 lings and Six- pence a Year. A Benediftine Monafrry 
 at Wearmouth, founded by the famous Abbot, Bene-* 
 dift Bifcopius, in the Year 674, and dedicated to St.. 
 Peter. It fuffered much from the Danes and Scots, 
 and at laft became a Cell to Durham Abbey. It was . 
 valued in the 26th of Henry VIII. at no more than ; 
 twenty-five Pounds Eight Shillings and Four-pence a 
 Year, and was given to one Thomas Whitehead. 
 
 The Bifhop's See now fixed at Durham was firfi? 
 fettled at Lindisfarne, a little Ifland upon the Sea r , 
 Coafl of Northumberland, upon this Occafiou ; 01- 
 wald, King of Northumberland, a virtuous and well- 
 difpofed Prince, having obtained 'that Kingdom about 
 the Year 634, was not more felicitous for the tern-, 
 poral, than the fpiritual Interefr, of his Subjefts, and 
 thereupon fent certain MefTengers to h'13 Neighbours, 
 the Scots, who had long before embraced the Gofpei 
 of Chrifr, to defire them to fend him fome fit Perions. 
 to preach the Gofpei in his Dominions. The Scots, 
 willingly conferred to his Petition, and fent a certain 
 Prieft, a good Man, but of a peevifli Difpofition,^ 
 who not meeting with the Snccefs he expe&ed imme- 
 diately, returned Home, and told them there was no > 
 Poffibility of converting fo barbarous a Nation. Ai- 
 dane, a pious and prudent Man, was prefent, with 
 others, when this Anfwer was returned, and, having 
 heard him, faid, that he had not dealt with the Peo- 
 ple with that Gentlenefs and Condefcenfion as was 
 iuitabie for Babes in Chrift ; that he ought to have 
 fed them with Milk, that is, the eafy Do61rines,of the 
 Gofpei, till they were capable of more ftrong Meat. 
 Thefe Words fo pleafed the whole AfTembly, that- 
 they all judged him the fitteft Perfon to convert that 
 People, and accordingly created him a Bifliop, and fent 
 'hi n to, preach the Gofpei to the Northumbrians. 
 
 Ofwald: 
 
County ^Durham. 
 
 45 
 
 Ofwald gladly received this Aidane, with fome other 
 Monks, into his Dominions, and having fixed his See 
 at the Ifle of Lindisfarne, or Holy Ifland, as he de- 
 fired, gave him all the Encouragement and Affiftance 
 in preaching the Gofpel, that he could defire : For 
 he not only attended diligently himfelf to his Doc- 
 trine, but having learned the Scot tifh Language in, 
 his Banifhment into that Country, he became an In- 
 terpreter of his Sermons to his Nobles and Comman- 
 ders, till the Biihop got a more perfect Knowledge 
 of the Engiifb Tongue. 
 
 Aidane prefided here fourteen Years, and took im- 
 moderate Pains to convert the Nation, going on Foot 
 into all Parts to: preach the Word, and beftowing 
 what Gifts foever were given him by the Rich, for 
 the Relief of the Poor. He died Auguff. 31, in the 
 Year 651, with Grief for the Lcfs of King Ofwald,. 
 who was treacheroufly flain by his Subjects twelve. 
 Days before,, and was- buried at Glaflenbury. 
 
 We ftiall now proceed to give an Account of the 
 Bifhops of Lindisfarne and Durham, in the Order of 
 their Succeffion,. together with fome Particulars of 
 their Lives and A6tions, as taken chiefly from the 
 Records of the Cathedral Church, and for the moft 
 Part tranflated from the Latin; 
 
 Finane, one of the Monks who came with Aidane 
 to Lindisfarne, and founded the Church there, fuc- 
 ceeded him. He baptized Penda, a Prince of the 
 Mercians, or Middle Englifh, and Sigebert, King of 
 the Eaft Saxons. He was Bifnop about ten Years. 
 
 After him Colman, another of the faid Monks, 
 fucceeded, and continued Bifliop three Years, and 
 then refigned his Bifnoprick, and returned to Scot- 
 land, his native Country, upon Occafion of a Contro- 
 verfy which, arofe about the Celebration of Eafter. 
 
 Upon 
 
46 <A Description of tht 
 
 Upon his Recefs Tuda was ordained Bifhop, and 
 in the fame Year died of the Plague, which then raged 
 in Northumberland. After his Death the See was 
 governed fourteen Years by Eata, then Abbot of Holy 
 Ifland. 
 
 After, this the faid Eata was made Bifliop of the 
 fame See, and continued fo four Years ; at the End 
 of which Holy St. Cuthbert, who had been a Monk 
 twenty-fix Years, and had lived a moft ftrict andi 
 auftere Anchoret's Life in Fame Ifland, for the Space, 
 of nine Years, was by a Synod of Bifliops elected, 
 Bifliop, and was afterwards confecrated at York, by 
 Theodore, then Archbifhop of York, King Egfrid* 
 and fevea Bifliops being prefent at his Confecration,. 
 in the Year of our Lord 68.5, upon Eafter Day, in 
 the twelfth Year of the Reign of the faid King Egfrid. 
 
 It is to be obferved, that St. Cuthbert was firfV 
 elected Bifhop of Hexham ; but as he chofe rather to- 
 live in Lindisfarne, or Holy Ifland, where he had 
 been fo long converfant, he made an Exchange with 
 the faid Bifhop Eata, and fo Eata was removed to 
 Hexham, and St. Cuthbert remained at Holy Ifland, 
 and continued Bifhop two Years ; after which he re- 
 figned his Bifhoprick, as knowing that the Time of 
 his Death approached, as St. Bede recordeth it, and 
 returned to his Anchoret's Life again at the Ifland of 
 Fame, where, after a little Time, he departed this 
 Life in the Year of our Lord 687. 
 
 It is worthy of perpetual Remembrance, that this 
 moft glorious ConfefTbr, St. Cuthbert, was an Apof- 
 tolick Man, admirable for every Kind of Virtue, plen- 
 teoufly replenifhed with the Spirit of Holinefs, an exact 
 Mirrour of Juftice, and an excellent Example of all 
 Chriftian Perfection. The a-ftonifliing Miracles which 
 Almighty God. wrought by this his glorious Saint, as- 
 
 well 
 
County ^ Durham, 
 
 47 
 
 well in his Life-time, as after he arrived at the Joys 
 of Heaven, the venerable Bede (an holy Man, famous 
 and revered throughout all Chriftendom for his iin- 
 gular Wifdom, Learning, and Sanftity) hath faith- 
 folly, fincerel)v and truly publifned to the World, as 
 well in Profe as in Verfe. Befides many other ex- 
 ceedingly great Miracles, having from Time to Time- 
 been recorded by grave and reverend Men, as done 
 by him, by Reafon of which very many and great 
 Privileges, Liberties, and Immunities, Lands and Pof- 
 feffions, by fundry magnificent Princes, Noblemen, 
 and others, were granted and given to the faid Bi- 
 fliop's See and Church ; many large Donaries lent to 
 his holy Sepulchre, as by the Records of the fame 
 Church, Reference thereunto being had, will more 
 fully appear. This holy Man was undoubtedly a 
 chofen Veflel of the Holy Ghofr, raifed up for the 
 the better Confirmation of the true Chriftian Faith 
 amonft the People of our Englifli Nation, whereunto 
 within a few Years before they had been converted 
 by St. AugufYme, a Monk, and others purpofely fent 
 from Rome, as related by St. Bede. 
 
 It is alio to be obferved, that the principal Occa- 
 fion of removing the See from one Place to another, 
 and at the laffe to Durham, as will be hereafter- 
 mentioned, was this, viz. The faid holy Father, St. 
 Cuthbert, a little before his Departure out of this 
 Life, amongft other wholefome Councils, and godly 
 Admonitions, delivered to his Brethren, uttered thefe 
 Words, or to the like EfTefl ; that is to fay, " If 
 " you, my Brethren, fhall at any Time be urged or 
 
 • conftrained unto one of thefe Extremes following, 
 " viz. Either to fubmit yourfelves to the Yoke and 
 " Servitude of wicked and ungodly Pagans, or to fly 
 " from this your Habitation and Country, I do much 
 
 * rather wiih and exhort you to chufe the latter, and 
 
 " that 
 
48 ^Description of the 
 
 u that you carry my Bones away with you, and take 
 " up your Abode and ftay wherefoever Almighty 
 " God fhall provide for you." Thefe Words he 
 then fpake by the Spirit of Prophecy, forefeekig the 
 Perils of the Times to come ; as the Sequel and Ex- 
 perience have fmce made it moft apparent, as will be 
 fhewn hereafter. Upon St. Cuthbert's Deceafe this 
 See was governed by Wilfrid, Archbifhop of York. 
 
 Arid then was chofen Eadbert, who continued ten 
 Years. In this Biftiop's Time, on the 20th Day of 
 March, eleven Years after the Deceafe of St.- Cuth- 
 bert, the Monks of this Place fuppofing that his holy 
 
 fave the Bones, which they intended to take up, and 
 place above Ground for Reverence Sake, when they 
 opened the Sepulchre found the facred Corps, with 
 all the Cloaths about it, wherein it was wrapt, whole, 
 and the Body found, fweet, and flexible, like unto a 
 Man fleeping (as St. Bede affirms.) So they took up 
 the holy Body, and placed it above Ground in a new 
 Shrine. 
 
 Eadfrid fucceeded Eadbert, and continued twenty- 
 four Years ; and to him fucceeded Ethelwold, and 
 v/as Bifliop fixteen Years. After him Cynwolfe was 
 Bifliop fourteen Years, and then, waxing feeble by 
 Reafon of old Age and much Toil, he committed the 
 Charge of his Bifhoprick to. one Higbald, and gave 
 himfelf up to Devotion. So the See was governed by 
 Higbald in Cynwolfe's Life-time almoft four Years. 
 
 After whofe Death the faid Higbald was made Bi- 
 ihop, and held the See twenty-two Years. 
 
 After him Egbert was made Bifliop, and continued 
 eighteen Years, to whom Heathrude fucceeded, and 
 v^as Bifliop nine Years. 
 
 In his Stead Egrade was elefted, and was Bifliop 
 fateen Years. He built the. Town and Church of 
 
 Norham,. 
 
 confumed and mouldered into Dufr, 
 
County of Du rha m. 
 
 49 
 
 Norham, with the Town of Gedworth, and the 
 Church and Town of Cainford, the Villages of 
 Hecliff, Wycliff, and Billingham in Hartnefs. All 
 which Villages he gave to the Church of St. Cuth- 
 bert for ever. 
 
 After him followed Eadbert, and was Bifliop eight 
 Years ; to whom fucceeded Eardulph in the Year of 
 our Lord 854, and continued Bifliop of Holy Ifland 
 about twenty -one Years, or more (viz.) to the Year 
 of our Lord 875. At that Time certain Danes and 
 Pagans, Infidels of divers other Nations, invaded and 
 deftroyed this Nation in many Parts of it, and after 
 a While Haldane, King of the Danes, with a great 
 Part of the Navy and Army of the Infidels, arrived in 
 Tynemouth Haven, intending to winter there, and in 
 the Summer following purpofed, with all his Power, 
 to invade, fpoil, and deftroy the Country of Northum- 
 berland. Of which when Bifhop Eardulph had Intel- 
 ligence, he and all his Clergy held a long Consultation 
 among themfelves, what Courfe was to be taken in 
 that Extremity, to avoid the barbarous Cruelty of the 
 favage and mercilefs Infidels : And in the End, call- 
 ing to Mind the Words and Admonition delivered by 
 St. Cuthbert to his Brethren a little before his De- 
 parture out of this Life (as before related) they took 
 the Corpfe of that Saint, and according to his Advice 
 fled with it from Holy Ifland, arid fo from Place to 
 Place, to efcape thefe wicked Pagans, without any 
 certain Place of Reft, for the Space of al moft feven 
 Years together, till at laft they came to Craike, in 
 Yorkfhire, where they abode about four Months, aad 
 then returned to Chefler-le-ftreet, where they placed 
 the holy Corpfe of St. Cuthbert. Upon which alfo 
 the See was transferred thither, where it continued 
 • joany Years, as will be related hereafter. 
 
 The 
 
50 ^Description of f}?e 
 
 The faid Eardulph was Bifhop of Chefter above 
 eighteen Years, and died in the 46th Year of his 
 Election and Confecration. 
 
 Cutheard was made Bifhop in his Room, who pur- 
 chafed much Lands and great PofTeffions, and gave 
 them to the Church of St. Cuthbert, as appears by 
 the ancient Records of the fame Church. He was Bi- 
 fliop of Chefter about fifteen Years. 
 
 After his Death Telrede fucceeded in the See, and 
 continued Bifliop fourteen Years and three Months. 
 
 Wigrede was elefted after his Deceafe> and conti- 
 . nued Bifliop feventeen Years. 
 
 After whom Whrede was Bifliop three Years. 
 
 Then one Sexhelme was ordained Bifhop, but con- 
 tinued not above fix Months : For being a covetous 
 Man, and degenerating from the viituousLife and 
 Manners of his PredecefTors, he was, by a Vifion from 
 St, Cuthbert, in the Night, divers Times admonifhed 
 to. depart' from his Office : And in the End was fo 
 terrified, and ieized with a fudden and grievous Sick- 
 nefs, that he was obliged to retreat, Neither could 
 he by any Means be cured, or have any Eafe, until he 
 went without the Limits of the Diocefe towards York. 
 After whofe Departure Aldred was ele&ed, and con- 
 tinued twelve Years. 
 
 After whom fucceeded Elflige, and was Bifliop 
 twenty-two Years. But in the Year of our Lord 990, 
 in the 1 2 th Year of the Reign of Ethelred, King of 
 England, Aldune was confecrated Bifliop, and conti* 
 nued at Chefter five Years and upwards. Though a 
 a Monk, as all his Predeceflbrs were, he is faid to 
 have been nobly defcended, and was Tutor to the 
 King's Sons, Edward and Alfred, with whom he af- 
 terwards went into Normandy, together with their 
 Mother, Emma, to vilit Richard Duke of Normandy* 
 
County vf Durh am* 
 
 5* 
 
 her Brother. In the Year 995 (being the fifth or Begin* 
 ning of the fixth Year after his Confecration, and the 
 1 1 3th after the Removal of the Bifhop's See from Lm- 
 disfarne, or Holy Ifland, to Chefter in the Street) he 
 was admonifhed by an heavenly Oracle to fly from 
 Chefter with the- holy Corpfe of St. Cuthbert, in or- 
 der to avoid the Danger and Cruelty of the Danes, 
 who now greatly infefted the Coaft, and who had 
 not long before ravaged the Country, and had taken 
 Bebbenburgh, an ancient City near Durham, by Storm, 
 and rifled it. Whereupon the Bifliop, with his Clergy 
 and People, old and young, fled with the holy Corpie 
 to Ripon, in Yorkftiire, and there remained about four 
 Months, until fuch Time as the Tumults and Trou- 
 bles were blown over, and then they returned to- 
 wards Chefter. But when they came before the Wil- 
 dernefs, then called Dunholme, on the Eaft of it, at 
 a Place called Wardlaw, the Chariot wherein the holy 
 Corpfe v/as carried miraculoufiy flood ftill, and could 
 not bs removed, neither by Man nor Beaft. Upon 
 which the Bifliop commanded a general Faft to be 
 kept for three Days, and continual Prayer to be made 
 to Almighty God to know his Divine Pleafure con- 
 cerning the Corpfe cf this glorious Confeftbr St. Cuth- 
 bert ; and it was revealed by a Vifion from Heaven to 
 one Eadmor, a virtuous Man, that the Corpfe fliould 
 be brought to Dunholme, the Place appointed for 
 the future Repofitory of their Saint. 
 
 When this was made known to the Bifliop, he and 
 all his Company did with great Facility, much Glad- 
 nefs, and Comfort, take up the faid holy Corpfe, and 
 brought it to Dunholme, a Place much more in- 
 debted to Nature for its Defence than its Fertility, it 
 being a large Hill moated almoft round by the River 
 Wear, and rendered almoft macceffible by the Woods 
 and Thickets with which it was all grown over, ex- 
 
 S cept 
 
52 k,4 Description of the 
 
 cept a fmall Plain in the Midft of it, which had been 
 cultivated. On this Plain they erected a little Ora- 
 tory (or rather Arbor) with the Boughs of Trees, in 
 which for the prefent they depofited the facred Re- 
 liques. But having cut. down the Wood, cleared the 
 Ground, and made the Place habitable, they foon 
 built a Church of Stone, called the White Church, 
 which afterwards received the Name of Bow Church, 
 quafi Bough Church, whereinto the venerable Body 
 was removed, and where it relied as in a Chapel of 
 Eafe, till Aldhune raifed a more noble and magnifi- 
 cent Structure for its Reception. In which Work he 
 had the Affiftance of Uthred, Earl of Northumberland, 
 and all the People between Coquet and Tees, who 
 thought themfelves fufRciently rewarded for their La- 
 bour, by the generous Promifes of great Rewards re- 
 ferved for them in the other World. After three 
 Years Labour bellowed upon it, the Church was with 
 great Solemnity dedicated on the fourth of Septem- 
 ber, 999, and the facred Corpie reverently depofited 
 therein, 31 2 Years after its firft Interment in Lindis- 
 farne, or Holy 1(1 and. 
 
 Slyer, the Son of Ulfi, obtained Leave cf King 
 Ethelred to. bellow upon this Church, Darlington, 
 and its Appurtenances, with other Lands. To which 
 one Sanculf, a Nobleman, added Brydbyrig, Mordun, 
 Sockburgh, Grieiby, cum facca & focca. % Nor were 
 they the only Benefactors to it at this Time : For 
 Copfi, who was Deputy Governor under Tofti, be- 
 ftowed upon it the Church of Morefham, in York- 
 (hire, dedicated by Egelrick to St. Germanus, together 
 with feveral Lands, (viz.) In Morefham, ten Plough 
 of Lands ; in Thornton, two ; in Giihrough, one ; 
 in RedclifF, the Half of one ; and in Toccotcs, ten 
 Ox Gangs. . 
 
County ^/Duuham, 53 
 
 In 10 18 the Country hereabouts was alarmed at 
 the Appearance of a Comet, which, for 30 Nights 
 together, threatened them with its fatal Influence, 
 and was fuppofed afterwards to be the fad Prefoge of 
 that terrible Deftruftion which foon followed, when 
 the Scots- invading Northumberland, made a general 
 Havock of the People from the Tweed to the Tees. 
 The good Bifhop, fenfibly affected with the univerfal 
 Slaughter of St. C'uthbert's Followers,, died the fame 
 Year r m the 29th of his Confecration, having fat up- 
 wards of five Years at Chefter, and between twenty- 
 three and twenty-four at Durham.. He was buried in 
 the Chapter-houfe. 
 
 In 1020 Edmund, a fecular Prieft of noble Ex- 
 traction, fucceeded unexpedtly, as fome fay, to this 
 See. For the Clergy difagreeing among themfelves 
 about the Election of a Bifhop, the See was vacant 
 almoft three Years, till Edmund jocofely afked them 
 " Why they did not think of him." Which Speech 
 had a very different Effect from what he either de- 
 figned or defired : For they took it for a Motion of 
 the Spirit, and elected him their Bifhop. But the 
 ancient Records of the Church of Durham fay, that 
 he was miraculoufly elected by a Voice heard from 
 the Tomb of St. Cuthbert-, ia the Time of Divine 
 Service, three fundry Times, naming the faid Ed- 
 mund to be Bifhop. As the Chair of his PredecefTors 
 had always been filled by Monks, it was thought 
 proper that he fliould take upon him that Order be- 
 fore his Confecration, which he accordingly did, and 
 in the Year following was confecrated at Wmchefter, 
 by Ulflan, Archbiffiop of York. In his Way Home 
 he vifited the Monaftry of Peterborough, where he 
 met with one Elgerick, a Monk of that Place, whofe 
 great Piety and Learning fo far 'recommended him to 
 the Bifhop, that he took him with him to be his con- 
 S z ftanr 
 
54 Description of the 
 
 ftaftt Companion and Affiftant, in the Government of 
 his Diocefe. He carried up and finiflied the Weft 
 Tower of the Church, which was the only Part left 
 unfinifiied by his PredecefTbr, Aldhu£e. He was a 
 a good Man, and in great Favour with King Canute ; 
 fo that in his Time the Church began to flourifh. 
 Nor wag it an inconfiderable Addition to the Happi- 
 nefs of it that the Danes were then converted to 
 Chriflianity, and that they who had burnt St. Cuth- 
 berths Church in Lindisfarne, and fpoiied his Patri- 
 mony, were become devout Worlhippers in that of 
 Durham, and large Contributors to the Support of it. 
 For Canute, their King, as if he Intended to make 
 Satisfaction for the Injuries his PredecefTors had done, 
 endowed it with many particular Donations, viz. Stain- 
 drop, Chapatua, Scottun, Wakerfield, Evenw r ood, 
 AclifF, Lutterington, Elden, Ingleton, Ticetea, Mid- 
 dleton, and Raby, where the Anceftors of the Nevils 
 (who lie interred in Staindrop Chtirch) built the Gaf- 
 tle, and held it of the Church of Durham, for the 
 annual Rent of four Pounds and a Buck. 
 
 The Church had now for fome Time enjoyed 
 great Tranquillity, when in the Year 1035* Duncan, 
 King of Scots, befieged Durham with a numerous 
 Army, but he was long valiantly repulfed by the Be- 
 fieged, and at laft, in the Year 1040, totally defeated,, 
 His Horfe were put to Flight, and great Part of them 
 flain. His Foot were all cut to Pieces, and he him- 
 felf the next Year was murthered in Scotland, by the 
 Treachery of Malcolm, his Coufin German, who 
 thereupon took PoiTeffion of his Throne. 
 
 In 1041 Edmund died at Glocefler, where he then 
 was with the King, from whence his Corpfe was 
 brought to Durham, and honourably buried in the 
 Chapter-houfe, 
 
 la 
 
County Durham, 55 
 
 In the Year 1042 Eadred, a fecular Prieft, and 
 AiTiftant to Edmund in the Government of his Dio- 
 cefe, having got into his Hands great Part of the 
 Church's Treafure, fimoniacally purchafed the Bi- 
 fhoprick of King Hardicanute. But he did not long 
 enjoy the Fruits of his Simony : God's juft Venge- 
 ance did not permit him to execute the Function 
 of a Bifhop ; for the firft Time he preiumed to enter 
 into the Church, he was fuddenly deprived of the Ufe 
 .of his Limbs,, and lay Bed-ridden till the tenth Month 
 ofjiis Ufurpation, when he died,, and was buried in; 
 the Chapter-houfe. 
 
 In the fame Year, (viz.) 1042, Egelrick, with the 
 Afliftance of Earl Godwin, fucceeded him. He pulled: 
 down the Church at Chefter, which being built' o£ 
 Wood, had long flood a Monument of the Churches* 
 Poverty, and in its Place erected a new one of Stone. 
 In digging the Foundation he found a great Quantity 
 of Treafure, fuppofed. to, have been concealed there 
 
 by W i Secretary to Sexhelm, and fome others, 
 
 to fecure it from the Tyranny and Avarice of his 
 Mafter, who was formerly Bifhop of that See. This, 
 with more that- he had ftolen from the Church, he 
 fent to the Monaflxy of Peterborough, where (as was; 
 before obierved) he was formerly a Monk : And hav- 
 ing firft refigned the See to his Brother Egelwin, in 
 which he had prefided fifteen Years, he himftlf fol- 
 lowed it thither not long after, and,, it is faid,- em- 
 ployed it in building Churches, making Bridges, and 
 repairing the common Roads over marfhy Place?. But 
 being afterwards accufed before King William the 
 Conqueror of having robbed the Church of fo much 
 Money, he was called up to London, and at the fame 
 Time the King feized upon his Riches, and impri- 
 soned him at Weflminfter, where he died October 15, 
 107 2. 
 
 S3 , In, 
 
>;6 if Description of tit 
 
 In the Year 1056, and the 1 5th of Edward the Con* 
 feflbr, this Egelwine, a Monk, was confirmed in the See,, 
 by thelntereltof Tofti, Earl of Northumberland, who> 
 with his Wife Judith, beautified the Church with many 
 rich and coftly Ornaments. Egelwine had been Suffra- 
 gan to his Brother Egelrick, and under him had the 
 Care of the Temporalities of the See committed ta 
 Mm ; from which he is faid to 'have raifed no inconfi- 
 derable Sum. Upon the coming in of the Normans, he 
 fuffered in common with many others of his Brethren. 
 
 In 10^96, and the third of William the Conqueror, 
 the King having created Robert Conun, or Comyn, 
 Earl- of Northumberland, fent him into that County 
 to quafh. a Rebellion that began to fhew itfelf in thofe 
 Parts. But coming ta Durham with 700 Men, fpoil- 
 ihg and cruelly killing fome of the Inhabitants, the 
 People of the Country rofe upon him in the Night, viz e . 
 
 ■ February, and flew him and all his Men in^he; 
 
 City of Durham, except one Man, who being gricv- 
 oufly wounded, very narrowly efcaped. To revenge 
 which, the King himfelf that Year marched with his 
 Army to York, fpreading Defolation through all the 
 Country as far as Durham. So that for nine Years 
 afterwards it never recovered itfelf, being inhabited 
 only by wild Beads, or Men more favage than wild 4 
 Beads, who lived upon Spoil and Rapine. 
 
 But the Bifnop, with the Clergy and People, ap~ 
 prehenfive of the Danger that threatened them from 
 this Expedition, once more took up St. Cuthbert's 
 Body, after it had refted feventy-five Years at Dur- 
 ham, and fled with it towards Holy Ifland. In this 
 Flight, being a little before Chriftmas, they refted the 
 firft Night at jarrow, the fecond at Bedlington, the 
 third at Tughiil, and on the fourth Day they came to- 
 wards Holy Ifland ; anct the Sea being then at full, they 
 thought thev fhould be confirained to, wait till the 
 
 Time 
 
County o/Durha m. 
 
 57 
 
 Time of low Water, when they might pafs over on 
 dry Ground : But the Weather being extremely cold, 
 and the Night approaching, they were in great Dif- 
 trefs and imminent Danger, till (the People lamenting 
 and earneftly praying to God for Succour) the Sea 
 fuddenly and miraculoufly opened itfelf, and afforded 
 a PalTage on dry Land to the holy Corpfe and Com- 
 pany; and when they were got to the Idand, the Sea 
 elofed again, and took its accuftonied Cotirfe. 
 
 Upon this great Miracle, the four fecnlar Men who 
 then carried the holy Body immediately renounced 
 the. World, and became Monks. 
 
 Here they continued about three Months and fome 
 few Days, till the Storm was blown over (1070) when 
 the King going Southward, they returned to Durham, 
 
 and on the of April replaced the facred Corpfe 
 
 with great Solemnity in its former Repofitory. 
 
 Egehvine, ill brooking the Weight of the Norman 
 Yoke, and fearing 1 to fhare the fame Fate which fome 
 others of his Brethren had lately met with, refolved 
 upon leaving the Kingdom. In Confequence of this 
 llefolution, having polfeiTed himfelf of a great Part 
 of die Church's Treafure,. and provided every Thing 
 necefiary for his* Voyage, he took Ship at Wearmouth,. 
 and fet Sail, intending for Cologn, but was by Strefs 
 of Weather driven into Scotland. Here he met with 
 Morcar, Siward, Hereward, and others of the difcon- 
 tented Party, with whom he joined in taking up Arms 
 for the Recovery of his Country's Liberty, prompted 
 perhaps to take this Step by Malcolm, King of Scots, 
 who might lend them his AfTifrance in Favour of Ed- 
 gar Athei'mg, whofe Sifter Margaret he had married, 
 He was however leized, and by the King's Command 
 committed to Prifon at Abingdon, where he died. 
 
 The See continued vacant one Year, and then, 
 In 1072, Walcher, a fecular PrieU:, and a Man of 
 
 ftoble 
 
58 ^Description^/ the 
 
 noble. Parentage, was confecrated at Winchefter.— - 
 This Bifhop finding that the Number of Monks was 
 inconfiderable, and that the fecular Priefts obferved 
 the Rites of the Monks, in divine Service, propofed to 
 the Monks, to whom he had before committed the 
 Monaftries of Wearmouth and Jarrow, with their Ap- 
 purtenances, after the Manner of the Church at Lin « 
 disfarne, to introduce them here, and that they fhould 
 perform divine Service without the Affiftance of the 
 iecular Clergy, but he died in the ninth Year of his 
 Confecration, before he could accomplifh his Intention; 
 For having bought the Government of North umber- : 
 land, he ruled fo arbitrarily, and opprefTed the Peo- 
 ple with fo much Extortion, that he became odious 
 to them, and upon going to Gatefheadj to fettle fome 
 Controveriies between certain. Northumbrians and his 
 Servants, the People of the Country rofe upon him, 
 and murthered him there, with fundry of his Clergy, 
 and all his Attendants, about an Hundred in Number, 
 and burnt down the Church whither they had fled for 
 Sandluary, on the fourteenth of May, 1080. 
 
 The Monks got his Body privately, and conveyed 
 it to Jarrow, in a Boat, and from thence it was car- 
 ried to Durham^, and buried with little Solemnity in 
 the Chapter-houfe there, under the fame Stone with 
 Aldwine, without having his Name infcribed upon it. 
 
 To revenge this deteftable and facrilegious Murther, 
 the Bifhop of Bath, Brother to King William the- 
 Conqueror, was fent down with an Army, and, com- 
 ing to Durham, put many to the Sword, and plun* 
 dered and almoft defolated the whole Country ; how- 
 ever, in the End, leaving a Garrifon in the Caftle, he 
 departed. 
 
 In this Bifhop's Time the faid King 'William, in 
 his Return from Scotland, came to Durham, and pre- 
 tended a Doubt whether the holy Corpfe of St. Cuth? 
 
 bert 
 
County ^/Durhim. 59 
 
 feert refted there or no, though he was fufficiently 
 informed of the Pretence and lncorruption of it by 
 •the moPi ancient, grave, and creditable Men of the 
 Country, yet he would not believe it, but intended 
 to open the holy Sepulchre, and view the Corpfe, 
 threatning that if the blefled Body was not there, in 
 fnch Manner as he was informed, he would put to 
 Death all thofe who had affirmed it to be as aforefaid* 
 Whereupon, in Time of divine Service in the Fore- 
 noon, he appointed certain Abbots, Priors, and other 
 religious Perfons to open the Sepulchre, he himfelf 
 flanding by : But he was fuddenly, before the whole 
 AfTembly, ftricken with an extreme Heat, Fury, and 
 Sicknefe, fb that he could not endure it, but was 
 conftrained forthwith to depart out of the Church, 
 and, ► with all poffible Hafte, taking his Horfe and 
 leaving a fumptuous Banquet that was prepared for 
 him, he ported away from Durham, and could not be 
 at Reft, but ftill fpurred and urged forward his Palfrey, 
 till he got to the River Tees. Some reported that the 
 faid King in his extreme Hafte took his Way down 
 the Lane, now and ever fince that Time called King's 
 Gate, in the North Bailey, in Durham. 
 
 ' After the Death of Walcher the See was vacant fix 
 Months and ten Days, and in 108 1 William de Cari- 
 leph, a Monk, was confecrated Bi(hop on the third of 
 January : Being acquainted with the Intention of his 
 Predeceflbr Walcher, concerning the Introduction of 
 Monks at Durham, and imagining that fome of the 
 fecular Clergy there were the Caufe of that Biftiop's 
 Death, transferred the Clergy from this Place to the 
 Churches of Auckland, Darlington, and Norton, and 
 introduced here the Monks of Wearmouth and Jar- 
 row ; having obtained for this Purpofe Pcrmiflion 
 from the King, relying moreover upon Apoftolical 
 Authority. He alfo obtained Hovcdenfhire of King 
 
 William 
 
6o ^Description of the 
 
 William h and Alvertonftiire of William II. He alfo 
 4 added feveral Lands to the Church for the Emolu- 
 ' ment of the Monks. This Bifhop was for a Time 
 very familiar with King William Rufus, but after- 
 wards the King conceiving fome Difpleafure againft 
 him, upon, the falfe Suggefrions of his private Enemies, 
 banifhed him the Realm, and feized the Bifhoprick, 
 and kept it in his own Hands for three Years. 
 
 The Bifhop fled into Normandy, and was honour- 
 ably entertained by the Duke of that Name. In- the 
 mean Time the See was governed by the Prior of Dur- 
 ham, at the King's efpecial Appointment. And during 
 this Period the Monks of Durham built their "Refe6iory, 
 or Dming-hall. But in the third Year of the Biftiop's 
 Banifhment ' the King had certain of his Soldiers be- 
 fieged in a Caftle in Normandy, who, at the very Point 
 of being furprized and taken by the Enemy, were ne- 
 verthelefs delivered by Means of the Bifhop, by whofc 
 Mediation and Entreaty the Siege was railed, and the 
 King's Soldiers difmifTed. 
 
 By this faithful Service the King's Wrath was paci- 
 fied, the Biihop received to Favour, and reftored to 
 his Dignity and Place,, with all their Privileges. 
 
 On his Return to England he brought with him 
 many Books and Church.- Ornaments, which he gene- 
 roufly gave to the Church of Durham-. In the fecond 
 Year of his Restoration, in 1093, this magnificent Pre- 
 late, not content with the Smallnefs and Homelinefs o£ 
 the Church built by Aldhune, pulled it down, and in- 
 Head thereof began to ereft that large Structure ftill 
 remaining. The three firft Foundation Stones were laid 
 on the nth of Auguft, 1093, or as others fay, on the . 
 1 2th of Auguft, in the next Year, by that virtuous 
 Prince Malcolm, King of Scotland, the Biftiop him- 
 felf, and Turgot, the Prior of Durham, afterwards 
 Bifhop of St. Andrews, in Scotland. But in the third. 
 
 Year 
 
County c/Durham, 
 
 61 
 
 Year after the Foundation of the Church was laid, 
 William, after he had been Biftiop about fifteen Years, 
 died at Glocefter, on the fecond of January, 1096, 
 from whence his Body was brought to Durham, and 
 there folemnly buried in the Chapter-houfe, not far 
 from Biihop Walcher, with much Lamentation of the 
 Clergy and People. The aforefaid Church was fi- 
 xiifhed in about twelve Years. 
 
 In 1099, after a Vacancy in the See for three Years, 
 Ranulph FJamberd, of the fecular Order, and com- 
 monly called the King's Chaplain, was confecrated 
 Bifhop of Durham. He was in great Credit with King 
 William Rufus, who made him his Treafurer and 
 Chancellor, being expert in fqueezing Money, right 
 or wrong, from the People, becaufe he faw that it 
 pleafed his Matter, who protected him againft all 
 Complaints. But in the Reign of Henry I. he was 
 for a certain Time banifhed the Realm, and fo fled 
 into Normandy. The King in the mean Timefeized 
 upon the See, and difmembered it of Hexham and 
 Carliile, both which, from the Days of St. Cuthbert 
 till that Time, had fever been under the JurifdifHon 
 of the Church of Lindisfarne, or Durham. He like- 
 wife vacated the Charter of King William, wherein 
 he had confirmed to that Church all its ancient Pri- 
 vileges and PofTeffions. 
 
 . In 1 10 1 Duke Robert began to catt an envious Eye 
 upon his Brother, King Henry L and refolved to at- 
 tempt that Crown, which he concluded to be his own 
 Right, excited thereto by Ralph and others, who foon 
 after accompanied him in his Expedition into England. 
 Bat a Peace being concluded between the two Bro- 
 thers, through the Mediation of the chief Men on 
 both Sides, it was made one of the Conditions of it, 
 that all offending Pcribns fhould have, their Honours 
 and Eftates rettored to them. Hereupon Ralph was 
 
 • again 
 
6i ^Description the 
 
 again feated in the Chair of Durham, though all the 
 Cunning and Addrefs he was Mafter of could never 
 procure him the leaft favourable Regard from that 
 Prince. Vail Sums of Money were extorted and ex- 
 pended by him for that Purpofe ; but in vain. No 
 Influence of Bribery or Corruption could ever re- 
 gam him that Power and Confidence he had fo highly 
 abufed, and fo juftly forfeited. However he vi- 
 goroufly promoted that excellent Work which his 
 Predecefibr William had begun, and carried up the 
 new Church from the Foundation almoft, to the 
 Roof. He built all the Town Wall of Durham from 
 the Church End to the Caftie. He caufed many 
 Dwelling houfes, then built between the Caftie and 
 the Church, to be pulled down and deftroyed ; and 
 reduced into a fpacious Plain, that Space or Pared of 
 Ground, now commonly called the Place Green. He 
 fortified the Mound, and the Banks of the River 
 Wear. He Built a fine Stone Bridge over the fame 
 River, called Framwelgate Bridge. He alfo built an 
 Hofpital at Kepier, and the Caftle at Norham upon an 
 high Rock, near the River Tweed, the better to 
 withftand the Incurfions of the Scots, who at that 
 Time made frequent Inroads into this Kingdom. He 
 was Bhliop twenty -four Years, and in his Time, 
 namely, in the Year 1 104, in the third Year of the 
 Reign of Henry I. and 418 Years after the Deceafe 
 of holy St. Cuthbert, upon Account of a Difgute 
 that happened among certain Prelates, fome doubt- 
 ing, or denying, that the Corpfe of St. Cuthbert 
 could continue uncorrupted for fo many Years ; others 
 affirming and avouching its Incorruption, (alfo at the 
 fame Time the new Church, founded by Bifhop Wil- 
 liam, was almoft finiftied, into which the Holy Corpfe 
 was to be transferred) the holy Sepulchre was opened 
 by a feieft Number (above ten) of reverend Monks, 
 
 and 
 
CoV N T Y Oj D U R H A H. 
 
 •and the holy Body (with all Things about it) found 
 whole, found, uncorruptcd, and flexible, having its 
 natural Weight, and full Subflance of Flefli, Biood, 
 and Bones. A moft heavenly fragrant Smell pro- 
 ceeded from it, and it was brought forth and firictly 
 examined, and expofed to the View of above Forty 
 in all, of Noblemen and others of the Clergy and 
 Laity, fuch as were deemed worthy and fit to be Eye- 
 witneffes of fuch a rare and reverend Spectacle. 
 
 The holy Corpfe was alfo immediately after the 
 Examination of it, with fandry ether Ileliques found 
 there, brought forth, and carried in Proceffion with 
 great Solemnity, before all the People, round about 
 the new Church, The Proceffion flopped at the Eaft 
 End till the Bifhop made a Sermon ; after which the 
 Corpfe was carried, and reverently placed within the 
 Church, in a fumptuous Sepulchre prepared for that 
 Purpofc. 
 
 The See was vacant five Years, after which, m 
 7133, Galfrid Rufus, Lord Chancellor to King 
 Henry I. was confecrated at York, Align ft 6, by 
 Thurfton, Archbifhop of York, and enthroned Au- 
 guft 10. He built the Caftle at Northallerton, and 
 gave it to his Grandfon, or rather his Son William, 
 whom he married to a Grand-daughter of the Earl 
 of Albemarle. He alfb built the Chapter-houfe, as 
 it now is. He died the fixth of May, 1 140, having 
 been Bifhop eight Years, and lies buried in the 
 Chapter-houfe. 
 
 The See was again vacant three Years, through 
 the Difturbances occafioned by one William Cdmyn, 
 a Scettifh Clerk, brought up from his Youth under 
 Galfrid, who upon his Death, without any lawful 
 Election, or Authority, had ufurped it. He was 
 Chancellor to David King of Scotland, whom he had 
 engaged in his Interelr, and by whom he was en- 
 5 T couraged 
 
4f ^ Description ^ 
 
 couraged and fnpported in this Attempt. This Co- 
 myn had alfo by his Subtiity, feduced and drawn 
 into his f aft ion all the Gentlemen of the Country, 
 faving one Roger Conyers, who valiantly with flood 
 him to the laft, yea, and fortified and defended his 
 Houfe at Bifhopton, againft the laid Comyn and his 
 Confederates. 
 
 But after three Years William de Sa. Barbara, Dean 
 of York, was elected Bifhop, and confecrated June 20, 
 IT43, by Henry, Bifhop of Wincheftcr, the Pope's 
 Legate, then in England ; but he underwent many 
 and great Troubles, by Means of the aforeiaid Co- 
 myn, before he could quietly enjoy his Dignity; yet 
 Comyn in the End, though he was mightily fupported 
 by the King of Scots, was forced to fubmit to the 
 Bifhop, and had Penance enjoined him for his heinous 
 Offence. William was Bifhop nine Years, and died 
 on the fourteenth of November, 1152, and was bu- 
 ried in the Chapter- houfe. 
 
 He was fucceeded by Hugh Pudfey, or Purfar, 
 (Hugo de Puteaco) a fecular Prieft, of noble Extrac- 
 tion, Lord Chief Juftice, Treafurer of York, and 
 Archdeacon of Winchefter. Hugh was fo warmly 
 oppofed by the Archbifhop of York, that he was ob- 
 liged to go to Rome, and was confecrated December 
 20, 1 153, by Pope Palchalis II. being, as it was faid, 
 but twenty-five Years of Age. He was Bifnop almoft 
 forty-two Years, and did many good and memorable 
 Things in his Time. He built, at the Weft End of 
 the Church, the Chapel called the Galiley, and the 
 Feretory of the venerable Bede. He alfo built the 
 Church at Darlington, for a Deaa and fix Prebends ; 
 and the great Man fi on -houfe there. He founded and 
 endowed the Hofpital at Sherburn, near Durham, 
 with large Pofleffions ; the Priory at Finchley, for 
 thirteen Monks ; and an Hofpital at Alltrton. He 
 
 built 
 
County ^/Durham, 6$ 
 
 built Elvet Bridge, with the Borough of Elvet, which 
 Borough, with all its Appurtenances, he freely gave 
 to the Monks of Durham, becaufe of Right it for- 
 merly appertained to them. He repaired the Town 
 Wail of Durham, from the North Gate to the South 
 Gate thereof. He repaired many Parts of the Caftle of 
 Durham, which in his Time were burnt down. He 
 likewife fortified the Caftle of Norham with a very 
 ftrong Tower; and the Town of Alter ton. • He pur- 
 chafed of the King the Earldom of Northumberland, 
 and the Manor of Sadburgh, which formerly belonged 
 to the Chuch, for eleven thoufand Pounds, (viz.) To 
 hold the Earldom during his Life, but Sadbergh for 
 hi in and his Succefibrs for ever. He left many va- 
 luable Ornaments to the -Church, and was a ftrenuous 
 AfTertor of the Rights and Liberties of St. Cuthbert, 
 He died at Hoveden, March 3, 1105, and was bu- 
 ried in the Chapter-houfe. 
 
 After a Vacancy in the See of almofr. two Years, 
 one Philip, of (Pidlavia) Poidiou, or Poicliers, a fa- 
 miliar Friend and Favourite of Kino; Richard I. was 
 by his Interceiilon elected Bithop, and afterwards 
 cooperated at Rome, by Pope Celeftine, May 12, 
 1 197. The King granted him the Royalty of Coin- 
 age, and from him the Burgefles of Gatefhead ob- 
 tained feveral Privileges, and particularly a Grant of 
 Forage. He greatly diiturbed the Monks at Durham 
 concerning their ancient Privileges. He went in Pil- 
 grimage to Compoftella, in 1200, and perfuade 1 
 King John not to regard the Pope's Curfes, and fo 
 was excommunicated with that King, in which State 
 he died, April" 22, 1207, an< ^ was privately buried 
 in unconfecrated Ground without the Precinfts of the 
 Church of Durham, by Lay People only; but bis 
 Tomb-ftone was afterwards removed to the Chapter- 
 houfe, 
 
 T 1 After 
 
56 Description of the 
 
 After his Deceafe the See was vacant five Years, 
 ten- Months, and twenty -four Days, and then, in the 
 Year 1214, it was given to 
 
 Richard de Marifco, Chancellor to King John, and 
 Dean, of Salifbury, by Glial to, the Pope's Legate, and 
 was eonfecrated by Walter Grey, Arehbifhop of York. 
 At firft, being greatly iupported by the King, he va- 
 rious Ways moiefted the Monks at Durham, con* 
 cerning their Rights and Privileges, and took divers 
 Things from them. But in his fecond Year he con- 
 firmed to the Prior and Convent their ancient Liber- 
 ties, according to Biihop William's Charter, and ap- 
 propriated the Church of Dalton, and confirmed the 
 Appropriation of Aycliff and Pittington. Hi was a 
 Prodigal Prelate, and left the See very much in Debt. 
 He was Bifliop eleven Years, and died at Peterbo- 
 rough, from whence his Body was brought to Dur- 
 ham and buried. 
 
 To him fucceeded Richard, firnamed the Poor, 
 (Pauper) who was tranflated from Salilbury to this 
 Place in the Year 1226, where he made himfelf ho- 
 nourable, by clearing his Predecefibr's Debts. He 
 died April 15, 1237, was buried in the Nunnery 
 at Tarent, built by himfelf. His Death made Way 
 for the learned and pious 
 
 Nicholas Farnharn, who was the Queen's Phyfi- 
 cian. He founded the Hofpital of St. Edmund, in 
 Gatefliead. He would hardly accept the Charge, and 
 within nine Years obtained Leave of the Pope (eight 
 Years before his Death) to refign it. He died at 
 Stockton, 1257, and was buried in the Chapter- 
 home at Durham, and then 
 
 Walter de Kirkham, Dean of York, a Monk, and 
 the Founder of Kirkham Abbey, was chofen in his 
 Room, December 5, 1249. We meet with an In- 
 dulgence granted by him, in the eighth Year of his 
 
 Poatk 
 
County Durha m. 67 
 
 Pontificate, for twenty Days, to all thofe who would 
 a.iTift, cither with Money or Labour, in repairing the 
 Bridge over the Rim Tyne ; which being originally 
 built of Wood, was burnt in the Year 1248 ; in the 
 Room of which there was erected one of Stone, a 
 third Part of which was always repaired by the Bi- 
 fhop. He died Aug. 9, and was buried at Durham, 
 in the Chapter- houfe, Auguft 16, 1260. His Suc- 
 ceilbr was 
 
 Robert Stichel, then Prior of Finchley, who found - 
 ed, the Hofpital at Greatham, and endowed it with 
 the forfeited Eilate of Simon de Monfort, Earl of 
 Leiceller. He was Biihop fourteen Years, and died 
 at a certain Caftle, called Arbipeliis, and was buried 
 at a Monaftry of the Benedictine Order, but his Heart 
 v/as brought to Durham, and there buried in the 
 Chapter-houfe. After his Deceafe 
 
 Robert of the Ifle (de infula) Prior of Finchley, ob- 
 tained the See. He appropriated the Church of Mid- 
 dteham to the Monks of Finchley, and gave the 
 Advowfon of the Church of Meldon to the Prior and 
 Convent of Durham. He was Biihop nine Years, and 
 died at Middleham, June 7, 1283, and was buried 
 in the Chapter-houfe at Durham, before the Biihop's 
 Seat, under a beautiful Stone, curiouQy engraven, 
 and adorned with Images. He was fucceeded by 
 
 Anthony Beek, Archdeacon of Durham, a Man of 
 great temporal Eftate, and for his many good Actions 
 juftly efteemed the greateft Prelate that ever fat in this 
 Chair- He was confecrated at York, where King Ed- 
 ward himfelf was prefent, with a great Number of 
 the Nobility. At Home he made his Name dear to 
 his Subjects, by many religious Foundations ; amongft 
 Which are reckoned a collegiate Church at Chefter-le- 
 ftreet. He converted iMs Houfe at Auckland into a 
 Caffle, beautified the Chapel there, and placed a Dean, 
 
 T 3 and 
 
63 ^ Description of the 
 
 fix Prebendaries in it. Abroad he was dignified with' 
 the Government of the lfle of Man, by the King,, 
 and with the Title of Patriarch of Jerulalem, by the 
 Pope. He was a Man of Letters, and a zealous En- 
 courager of learned Men. No Subject in England 
 was comparable to him for Courage, manly Behavi- 
 our, and Power. At one Time he had prefent with 
 him, at the King's Wars in Scotland, twenty ancient 
 Bearers of hi& own Family. He commonly retained 
 upwards of one hundred and forty Men in Livery, lex 
 that in this Refpeft he was more like a fecular Prince 
 than a Prelate. Once upon a great Dearth in London , 
 he gave Forty Shillings for Forty Herrings. A Piece- 
 of Cloth of great Price was offered to be fold, and 
 one happened to fey, " That the Bifhop of Durham 
 " durft not buy fuch a dear Piece of Cloth upon 
 hearing of this, the Bilhop bought it, and ordered it 
 to be cut to Pieces, and made into Horfe- cloths. But 
 the King conceiving fome Difpleafure againft him for 
 divers Reafcns, but chiefly for that he would not ob- 
 ferve a certain Agreement made between him and 
 the Prior of Durham, by the Mediation of the faid 
 King, the King feized the Biihoprick, with all its 
 Liberties and Privileges, and kept the lame in hh 
 own Hands. Pie alienated Barnardcaftle from the 
 Biihoprick, and gave It to the Earl of Warwick. Sfe 
 alfo -gave Hart and Hartnefs to Robert Clifford, with 
 feveral other Things which the Bilhop then had, and 
 held jure Regali, by Forfeiture of War, from Robert 
 Bruce and others : But in the King's Charter, or 
 Grant, to the laid Clifford this fpecial Claufe was in- 
 ferted, viz. " The Right of the Church of Durham 
 t: always laved." This Grant was confirmed by the 
 Chapter of Durham. The King alfo took from the 
 Bilhop, Werke, in Tindale, and Penrith, with the 
 Church of Simonburn. Before this Time the Bifhops 
 
 of 
 
County ^/Durham, 
 
 of Durham had vaft Privileges within the Biihoprick^ 
 imbmuch that the King going into Scotland one of 
 his Servants unfortunately fell from the King's own 
 Palfrey, and was killed. Whereupon the Bifhop 
 caufed the King's Mode to be feized, and had him 
 as a Deodand. Neither before that Time did the 
 King, or his Officers, intermeddle with the Matters 
 in this Biihoprick. He built the Caftle of Somerton, 
 near Lincoln, with the Manor of Eltham, near Lon- 
 don, and afterwards gave the (aid Caftle to the King,, 
 and Eltham to the Queen, fie died at Eltham, 012 
 the third Day of March, 131 3, after he had been Bi- 
 fhop about twenty-eight Years. His Body was brought 
 to Durham, and honourably buried in the North Part 
 of the Church, contrary to the Manner and Cufconi 
 of his Predeceffors ; he being the firft Biihop that 
 ever was buried in the Abbey Church. For none of 
 his Predeceffors prefumed to be buried in that Church, 
 out of Reverence for the holy and uncorrupted Body 
 of the blefled St. Cnthbert, which refted there. 
 
 Although this Bifhop build ed much, retained many 
 Servants, and kept a moft fumptuous Houfe, yet \vt 
 died very rich, and left greater Gifts to the Church 
 of Durham than any of his Predeceffors had done. 
 
 Richard Keilow, a Monk at Durham, his Succef- 
 for, was defied the 2Qth of March, 1313. In his 
 Time the City of Durham was burnt down by the 
 Scots, during his Abfence at the Sitting of the Par- 
 liament, and a great Part of the Biihoprick fpoiled 
 and laid wafte 5 info much that the Inhabitants of the 
 Country were forced to make a Truce with them for 
 a certain Time, for which they paid a thoufand Marks. 
 This Bifhop, though he enjoyed the See only about 
 five Years and an Half, yet he fpent much in Build- 
 ing at Middleham and Stockton, and Welhall, about 
 fifteen Miles difbnt from London. He died at Mid- 
 dleham, 
 
70 ^Description^ the 
 
 dleham, and was buried in the Chapter-houfe at 
 Durham. 
 
 His Death made Way for Lewis Beaumont, then 
 Treasurer of Sal i (bury, a Peri on defccnded of the 
 Royal Family of France, and Coufm German to the 
 then Queen of England, but fo illiterate that he could 
 not read the Bull of his own Confecration ; yet through 
 his Intereft at Court he proved a great Benefactor to 
 the See, by defending its Rights, and recovering what 
 had been taken from it in his PredecefTors Time. 
 
 This Bifhop intending to have been confecrated 
 and inftalled at Durham upon St. Cuthbert's Day, in 
 September, 13 17, by two Cardinals of Rome, who 
 were fent into England, and were at that Time going 
 into Scotland, to conclude a Peace between the Kings 
 of England and Scotland : But the Cardinals, accom- 
 panied by Bifhop Lewis and his Brother, were robbed 
 of every Thing they had, fave their Horfes, at Rof- 
 chicford, between Ferryhill and Woodham, in the 
 County of Durham, by one Gilbert Middleton, Keeper 
 of Mitford Caftle. The Bifhop and his Brother were 
 carried Prifoners to Mitford Caftle : For which heinous 
 Offence Gilbert was afterwards apprehended in the 
 faid Caftle, and thence carried to London, where he 
 was hanged, drawn, and quartered, and his Quar- 
 ters were fent to four remarkable Towns in the King- 
 dom, there to be hung up in confpicuous Places, by 
 Way of Terror and Example, and Mitford Caftle' 
 was demoiifhed by the King's Order. The Bifhop 
 was afterwards confecrated on our Lady-day, in Lent, 
 13 18. He ftrenuonfly afTerted the Rights of his 
 Church againft the Archbifhop of York, for the Li- 
 berties of Allertonfhire, and againft the Earl of War- 
 wick for Barnardcaftle, and alfo againft Lord Clifford 
 for Hartnefs. At that Time it was publickly declared 
 in Parliament; that the Bifhop of Durham ought, 
 
 within 
 
County of D u r h a u , 
 
 v/ithin the Liberties of the Biihoprick, to have the 
 Forfeitures of War, &c. as the King has elfswhere in 
 England, fie commenced a Suit againit one Darcie^ 
 for the Church of Simonburn, but he died before any 
 of the Suits were determined. He built the Hall and 
 Kitchen at Middleham, and founded a Chapel there, 
 but before the Walls were finifr.ed he died fuddenly 
 at Brantingham, within the Diocefe of York, Sept. 2o A 
 1333, from whence his Body was brought to Dur- 
 ham, and foleroniy interred in the Cathedra!,, before 
 the high Altar, under a beautiful Marble Stone fump- 
 tuonfly befet with Brafs, and curioufly engraved with 
 Images, which he caufed to be prepared in his Life* 
 time for that Purpofe. He was Biihop of Durham 
 fixteen Years and eight Months. 
 
 Thomas de Bury, his Succeflbr, born at Ed- 
 mondibury, who had been. Tutor to Prince Edward, 
 afterwards King Edward the Third, was at his In- 
 ftance elected Biftiop, 1333. He was much eflee; ed 
 for his Learning ; and though his great Knowledge 
 in State Affairs gained him frequent Employment at 
 Court, and in Embaffies, he omitted no Opportunity 
 to apply to his Studies. He wrote feveral Books, 
 the Chief of which is filled Plutobiblus, and is laid to. 
 have had a greater* Library than all the Bifhops of 
 England befides, which he left to a College in Ox- 
 ford, and allowed Salaries to five Students to take 
 Care of it. He was five Years Clerk to the Privy 
 Seal before die was Bifhop, in which Time he made 
 two Journeys to Home, to Pope John, in the former 
 of which he was ordained principal Chaplain of the 
 Pope's Chapel, and received from the Pope a Rocket 
 iaftead of a Bull, to have the firft Bifnoprick that 
 fnouid become vacant in England. At the fame 
 Time he was promoted to Ecclefiaftical Benefices in 
 England to the annual Value of five thoufand Mark3. 
 
 Whenever 
 
72 ^Description of the 
 
 Whenever he came into the Prefence of the Pope, or 
 Cardinals, he was attended by twenty Clerks, ail 
 dreffed in the fame Manner, and alfo with thirty- 
 eight Servants in the fame Livery. He was confecra- 
 ted by the Archbifhop of Canterbury, and the next 
 Year he was made Treafurer of England. At his In- 
 ftallati.on by William Cowton, Prior of Durham, he 
 made a moft fumptuous Banquet ; at which were 
 prefenf the King and Queen of England, the King of 
 England's Mother, the King of Scotland, two Arch- 
 bifnops, live Bifhops, feven Earls, and their Coun- 
 tefles, and all the Nobility South of Trent ; many 
 Knights and Efquires, but many more Abbots, Priors, 
 and other religious Perfons, with almoft an infinite 
 Multitude of the common People. In the fame Year 
 he was made Lord Chancellor of England, and within 
 the Space of nine Months following, he was feat Ern- 
 baflador to the King of France five feveral Times, viz. 
 Thrice to Paris, once to Brabant, and once to Ant- 
 werp. This Bifhop caufed to be diftributed to the 
 Poor every Week, befides the common Dole of Frag- 
 ments at his Gate, twenty-eight Quarters of Corn 
 ready baken into Bread ; and if arfy of the Poor re- 
 mained unferved, after the Diftribution was made, to 
 each was given a Halfpenny in Money. Moreover, 
 at other Times, he gave much Alms ; for commonly 
 when he travelled between Durham and Newcaftle, he 
 diftributed to the Poor the Sum of thirteen Pounds ; 
 between Durham and Stockton, fix Pounds fix Shil- 
 lings and Eight-pence; between Durham and Auck- 
 land, three Pounds Six Shillings and Eight-pence ; 
 between Durham and Middleham, five Pounds. He 
 for the moft Part retained in his Family eight of the 
 moft learned Doftors of Divinity that could be found 
 in England ; with whom he delighted much to con- 
 verfe. He died at ,Auckland the fourteenth of 
 
 April, 
 
County of Durha vk 73 
 
 April, t ^45, from whence he was brought to Dur- 
 ham, and honourably interred, before Mary Magde- 
 lene's Altar, in the South Part of the Cathedral. 
 
 Thomas Hatfield, Secretary of State to King Ed- 
 ward III. and Lord Privy Seal, obtained the next 
 Promotion to this See. He was elecled the eighth 
 Day of May, at the King's Requefl ; and put into the 
 See by the Pope, and confecrated the tenth of July 
 following. He built a Monaftry for Carmelites at 
 Northallerton, in Yorkfhire, and a noble Palace in 
 London for himfelf, and the Bifhops his Succeflbrs. 
 Alio many other Buildings and Repairs. Pie creeled 
 a ilrong- Tower in the Cafile of Durham, for the bet- 
 ter Defence of it and the Town. He founded Dur- 
 ham College, in Oxford (afterwards called Trinity 
 College) for eight Monks, Students in Divinity, and 
 eight Scholars. To every Monk he allowed for his 
 Maintenance ten Pounds a Year, and to each of the 
 Scholars, three Pounds Six Shillings and Eight-pence 
 a Year. For this Purpofe, and alio for making con- 
 venient Buildings for their Habitation there, he caufed 
 five hundred Marks to be paid into the Hands of one 
 John Harrington, a difefeet Monk of the Church at 
 Durham, for the purchasing of Lands and Poffeffions 
 to be appropriated to this College. This worthy Aft 
 was approved, ratified, and confirmed by the Prior 
 and Convent at Durham. And though this Bifhop 
 expended exceedingly large Sums in Building, in Alms 
 to the Poor, and in Hoipitality and Houfe-keeping, 
 yet he died very rich, and gave more Gifts to the 
 Church of Durham than any of his PredecefTbrs. Pie 
 died at his Manor of Aifond near London, in the Year 
 1 38 1, from whence his Body was brought to Dur- 
 ham, and buried with great Solemnity, in a Tomb 
 prepared by himfelf, on the South Side of the Revcf- 
 try Door. 
 
 In 
 
74 ~4 Description of the 
 
 In this Bifhop's Time, ia the Year 1346, the fa- 
 mous Battle of Durham was fought, when David 
 Bruce, King of Scots, invaded England with a power- 
 ful Army, and proceeded without much Refinance till 
 he came near the City of Durham, on the Weft Part 
 of it, where he and his Army were mod: valiantly en- 
 countered by the Inhabitants of the Country, and en- 
 tirely difcomfited. The King himfelf with feveral of 
 iiis Nobles were made Prifoners, and a great many of 
 his Subjects of all Sorts (lain on the Field of Battle. 
 Robert Bruce, the King's Brother, afterwards King 
 of Scotland, with thofe under hfs Command, were 
 beaten out of the Field, and fled. In this Battle were 
 prefent two Noblemen, and worthy Chieftains, (viz.) 
 Ralph Nevii, Earl of Weftmorland, and John his Son 
 and Heir ; who in this dangerous Conflict fnewed 
 themfelves mod: loyal Subjects, and Men of great 
 Magnanimity, and martial Valour ; infomuch that the 
 glorious and memorable Victory then atchieved by 
 the Englifh, was chiefly, under God, afcribed to the 
 faid two Nevils. Upon this Occafion the famous 
 Stone Crofs, commonly called Nevils' Crofs to this 
 Day, was erected upon the Field of Battle, as a Tro- 
 phy, and notable Monument of the faid Victory, but 
 which of late Times was by Ibme malicious Perfons, in 
 the Night-time, thrown down and defaced. The faid 
 Ralph Nevil was the firfr Secular, or Layman, that 
 was buried in the Cathedral Church of Durham. 
 Leave was granted him by the Prior and Convent, 
 at his own earned: Petition, to have a Burial-place 
 for himfelf and his Wife Alice, between two Pillars, 
 on the South Part of the Church. In Consideration of 
 which he and his Wife gave large Gifts to the Church . 
 This Ralph Nevil died in the Year 1367 ; his Wife, 
 in 1374. John Nevil his Son, and Maud his Wife, 
 were afterwards buried near the faid Ralph Nevil. 
 
 The 
 
County c/ Durham, 
 
 75 
 
 The two Tombs wherein thefe two Noblemen and 
 their Wives were interred, were greatly defaced after 
 the famous Battle between the Englifh and Scots at 
 Dunbar, and indeed the whole Church, by the Scots 
 Prifoners, of which no lefs than four thoufand five 
 hundred were put into this Cathedral. 
 
 This John Nevil, out of mere Devotion, in his 
 Life-time caufed a fumptuous Sepulchre of Marble, 
 or Alabafter, to be made at London, for the holy 
 Corpfe of St. Cuthbert, which coft him two hun- 
 dred Pounds. He alio gave four hundred Pounds, 
 and the Prior and Convent one hundred and twenty- 
 three Pounds Six Shillings and Eight-pence, towards 
 putting up the fine new Free-ftone Work on either 
 Side of the high Altar, which was brought from 
 London by Sea, ready wrought. Robert Barrington, 
 then Prior of Durham, employed feven expert Ma- 
 fons, who were almoft a whole Year in doing it, and 
 to whom, befides their Wages, he allowed Meat and 
 Drink till the Work was finifhed, ia 1380. 
 
 John of Fordham, one of the Canons of York, 
 Dean of Wells, and Secretary to the King, fuececded 
 him. He was confecrated at Lambeth, 1382, and 
 after feven Years was depiived of his Biflioprick, by 
 the Intereft of a Faction ; bur their Power being 
 ItfTened, he was the fame Year promoted to the See 
 of Ely, and to the Dignity of Lord Treafurer, and 
 no Doubt would have been reflored to Durham, had 
 it not been filled with a very worthy Perfon, 
 
 Walter Skirlaw, who was translated hither from 
 the See of Bath, the third of April, 1389. He was 
 Bifliop of Durham about eighteen Years, in which 
 Tune he built a good Stone Bridge at ShmkclifF, 
 and another at Yarm; far the Maintenance of which 
 he purchafed Lands, and ailigncd them to that Ule. 
 He alfo bilUt the Bridge, and great S:one Gates, at 
 
 i J Aachla.ia, 
 
7 6 jl Description of the 
 
 Auckland, at his own proper Charge. The high 
 Steeple of Holden was built by him, for the Refuge 
 and Security of the Inhabitants of the Town, from 
 the Inundation and Overflowing of the Water, when- 
 ever it fhould happen. 
 
 He was at great Expence in repairing Holden 
 Church, and the Manor-houfe, and building the fine 
 Chapter-houfe adjoining the Church. He built the 
 Abbey of Skirlaw, in Holdernefs, and a great Part of 
 the Steeple and Lanthorn of York Minfter, in the 
 Middle of which his Arms were placed. He alfo 
 founded a Chantry in the SQuth End of the Crofs 
 Ifle of the Minfter. He expended fix hundred Pounds 
 in building a great Part of the Cloyfters at Durham, 
 and gave two hundred Pounds more in Money for car- 
 rying on the Work. Moreover his Executors, by his 
 fpecial Injunction, gave four hundred Pounds towards 
 finifhing the faid Cloyfters. He gave two hundred 
 and twenty Pounds towards building the Dortory, or 
 Dormitory. In all thefe Buildings he caufed his 
 Arms to be put up, (viz.) Three Rods, or Spells, 
 crofs -wife, tranfverfed in the Form of a Sieve or Rid- 
 dle ; whence fome have inferred that he was a Sieve- 
 maker's Son at ShinkclifF, near Durham. He died in 
 .1406, and lies buried in the North Side of the Quire 
 in the Church of Durham, betwixt two Pillars, un- 
 der a beautiful Marble Stone, curioufly befet with 
 Brafs and Images, with his own Effigy in the Midft. 
 His Burial place was formerly environed with Iron 
 jfcJWadoes of neat Workmanfhip, but were fince 
 taken away, and a Stall, or Pew, for Women ere&ed 
 upon the Place. 
 
 Thomas Langley, Chancellor of England, fuc- 
 ceeded him. He was Bifhop of Durham thirty-one 
 Years. He expended about five hundred Pounds in 
 repairing the Galiley, at the Weft End of Durham 
 
 Abbey, 
 
County of D u rh a m. 77 
 
 * 
 
 Abbey, and founded the Marble Chantry in it, and 
 put his Arms over the Door. He founded the Gram- 
 mar and Mufick Schools, upon the Place Green ; and 
 gave two hundred and thirty-eight Pounds towards 
 fmiftiing the Cloyfters. He built the Gaol and Gaol 
 Gates very grandly, which before were nothing but 
 Ruins. He built the Weft Gate of Holden, and 
 fome good Rooms adjoining the fame. He was Bi- 
 fhop of Durham in three feveral Reigns, viz. of Henry 
 the Firft, Second, and Third, of whom he was greatly 
 honoured, and for his lingular Wifdom advanced to 
 great Authority in the Commonwealth. He reco- 
 vered, in the King's Court, in the Right of his 
 Church, from the Mayor and BurgeiTes of the Town 
 and County of Newcaftle upon T}me, the Third Part 
 of Tyne Bridge, towards the South, with the Tower 
 built thereupon by the laid Mayor and Burgeffes; and 
 all Rights and Privileges thereunto belonging ; where- 
 of Seifin and Pofleffion were taken for the Bifhop's 
 Ufe, by Virtue of a Warrant of Attorney from the 
 Bifhop, by Sir Ralph Ewry, and other two joined 
 v/ith him, affifted by many Knights, Efquires, and 
 others, fome of whofe Names are as follow, (viz.) 
 Knights of the Biflioprick, John Lumley, Ralph Ewrie, 
 Robert Hilton, William Foulthorp, William Tempeft, 
 Thomas Surtees, Robert Conyers, William Clayton, 
 then Sheriff of the County, John Cowyche, William 
 Lumley, Thomas Lambert, and William Ewrie : 
 Knights of the County of Northumberland, Robert 
 Ogle^ John Bartram, John Wicldrington, and John 
 Middleton : Knights of Weftmurland, Chriftopher 
 Moreiby, and William Ofandiaw : Efquires, Robert 
 Ewrie, William Bowes, John Conyers, WilUam Lamb- 
 ton the Elder, and the Younger, Hu7.h Burnin ill, 
 John Mordon, William Bilin>ham, John Be'^his, 
 Henry Tailbois, Thomas Garbols, John Hutton, Wil- 
 li 2 Ham 
 
73 ^Description*/ the 
 
 Ham Himton, Thomas Cooke of Fifhburn, with five 
 other Efquires. He by his Intereft got a Font placed 
 in the Galiley of Durham, where all excommunicated 
 Perfbns might baptize their Children, and have other 
 Sacraments adminiftered, which they could not have 
 in any other Place in England, during the Interdict. 
 He died the 2 oth of November, 1437, and was bu- 
 ried in the Chantry founded by himfelf, in the Gali- 
 ley, as was laid before, under a fine Marble Tomb, 
 upon the End of which his Arms w r ere engraven. 
 
 Robert Nevil, who fucceeded him, was tranflated 
 to this See from SalHbury the 27th of January, 1437. 
 He was one of the Sons of the Earl of Weftmorland, 
 who had tw r enty Children, who all lived to be ex- 
 traordinarily preferred, and provided for. He built 
 the Exchequer before the Caftle Gates, upon the Place 
 Green, with all Edifices, Chambers, and Offices of 
 the fame, where the Courts of Chancery, Common 
 Pleas, &c. are kept. He was Bifhop of Durham 
 nineteen Years. He died in the Year 1457, anc * was 
 buried in the Nevils' Tomb, in the South Part of the 
 Cathedral, although by his Will he ordered himfelf 
 to be buried in the Galiley, near St. Bede. 
 
 Laurence Booth, Archdeacon of Richmond, fuc- 
 ceeded him, and was confecrated the 15th of Sep- 
 tember, 1457. was M a ft er °f Pembroke Hal!, 
 which he kept till he died, Chancellor of Cambridge, 
 and Lord Chancellor of England in 1473. ^ e built 
 the College Gates at Auckland, with fome adjoining 
 Edifices, on both Sides of the Way, at his own Ex- 
 pence. After he had been Bilhop of Durham about 
 twenty Years he was tranflated to York, and was 
 buried in Cawood Church, near that City. 
 
 William Dudley, Dean of Windfor, of the noble 
 Family of the Dudleys, fucceeded him, and after a 
 
 fhort 
 
County ^/Durham. 79 
 
 ^1 fhort Pontificate of fix Years, died and was buried 
 at Weftminfter, in 1483. 
 
 Then the See was given to that learned Man, 
 John Sherwood, who was fent EmbalTador into Italy, 
 where he colle&ed many great Greek Books. He died 
 in the Year 1494. 
 
 Richard Fox, after his Death, was removed hither 
 from Bath and Wells. This Bifliop altered the great 
 Hall in the Caftle of Durham, in which were two 
 princely Seats, at each End one; but he took away 
 the Seat at the lower End of the Hall, and there 
 built a Pantry, and a Place for the Muficians to 
 (land upon and play at ferving up the Courfes, or 
 Dirties of Meat. He made feverai other Alterations 
 in this Caftle ; but before they were finiflied he was 
 tranflated to Winchefter, upon fome Controverfy that 
 arofe betwixt him and the Earl of Northumberland, 
 concerning Hartlepool. He founded Corpus Chrifti 
 College, in Oxford, and endowed it with large Pof- 
 feffions. He erefted a beautiful Chapel at Winchef- 
 ter, in which he was honourably buried, under a fine 
 Stone, upon which his Effigy is ciTrioufly engraven. 
 He was Bifliop of Durham about feven Years, and 
 was fucceeded by 
 
 William Sinows, or Sivier, in the Year 1502. He 
 was Mafter of Morton College, in Oxford, and Pro- 
 voft of Eaton, afterwards Bifhop of Carlifle, whence 
 he was removed to Durham. He died in Jf S* 
 After his Death 
 
 Chriftopher Bainbridge obtained the See, after a 
 Vacancy of two Years, and was confecrated in 1507. 
 He was Bifliop of Durham about a Year, and was 
 then tranflated to York, and within a ftiort Time 
 after made a Cardinal, and being on an EmbafTy 
 from King Henry VIII. to Rome, he was there poi- 
 foned, as was publickly reported. After his Tranflatiou 
 U 3 Thoma 
 
8o ^Description of the 
 
 Thomas Ruthall was made Bifliop here, by King 
 Henry, and was confecrated in 1508. He was 
 a Man of extraordinary Parts, and in great Efteem 
 with King Henry VIII. who made him one of his 
 Privy Council, and employed him in feveral Embaf- 
 lies, and other State Matters of great Importance. He 
 built the great Dining-room at Auckland, and re- 
 paired his Third Part of Tyne Bridge. He was repu- 
 ted the richeft Subject in England. King Henry VIIL 
 ordered him to draw up an Account of the Revenues 
 of the Crown, which he performed ; and at the fame 
 Time drew up another x\ccount of his own Eftates 
 and Ability, both which he bound up in two feparate 
 Volumes, in Vellum, fo like each other that they 
 could not eafily be diftinguiflied, and fo fet them 
 up in his Study together. Afterwards Cardinal Wo!- 
 fey was fent by the King for his Book. Whereupon 
 the Bifliop ordered one of his Servants to fetch hi m 
 the Book bound in Vellum ; but the Servant in his 
 Hurry brought the Book in which the Bifhop's Riches 
 and Revenues were enumerated, which he inadver- 
 tently delivered to the Cardinal, who- likewife deli- 
 vered it to the King, whereby it appeared that he 
 was worth one hundred thouland Pounds, or there- 
 abouts. But when the Bifliop underftood that he 
 had fent the wrong Book to the King, he was fo 
 gvievoufiy affected, that he died upon k, at London,., 
 in the Year 1522. 
 
 After his Death Thomr.s Wolfey, Cardinal of 
 Rome, Archbifhop of York, the Pope's Legate in 
 England, Primate of England, and Lord Chancellor, 
 feized the Biflioprick into his own Hands, and held it 
 feven Years, till Winchefter fell, which he took. He 
 held all thefe Dignities and Bifhopricks at the fame 
 Time! He repaired the third Part of Tyne Bridge, 
 tcfo aids the South End. He foanded a College in 
 
 Oxford* 
 
County ^/Durham, 
 
 8z 
 
 Oxford, called Chrift's, or the Cardinal's, College. 
 He alfo founded another at Ipfwich, but before either 
 of them was finiihed he died at Leicefter, November 
 27, 1530, and was buried in Leicefter Abbey. 
 
 Cuthbert Tunftal, Bifhop of London, was his Sue- 
 ceflbr, whofe Eminence in the Law, Divinity, Ma- 
 thematicks, Oratory, &c. had recommended him to 
 Archbiftiop Wareharn and the King, and to the Poll 
 of Mafter of the Rolls, Lord Privy Seal, Bilhop of 
 London, and now of Durham. He fwore Allegiance 
 to King Henry VIIL as iupreme Head of the Church, 
 but after his Death became a great Stickler for re- 
 ftoring the Papal Power : Upon which Account he 
 was imprifoned in the Tower, and his Bifhoprick 
 feized into the King's Hands, and at length diffolved 
 by A 61 of Parliament in King Edward's Reign. This 
 Prince lived but a few Months after, and when Queen 
 Mary I. came to the Crown (he reftored Tunftal to 
 his See, and all its Revenues to him. Bat upon his 
 Refufal to take the Oath of Allegiance to Queen 
 Elizabeth, as he had done to King Henry VIII . her 
 Father, and perluaded others to follow his Example, 
 he was again deprived of his Bifhoprick, and com- 
 mitted to the Cuftody of Archbiihop Parker, at Lam- 
 beth, where he died the eighteenth of November, 
 1550, and was buried there, under a fine Marble 
 Stone, with a pompous Epitaph. He built the new 
 Gallery, and the Chapel adjoining within the Caftle 
 at Durham, as alfo the Iron Gates of the Caftle, 
 with the Free-done Work on either Side thereof, 
 and made the Laver, or Water Conduit, in the Courtain 
 of the Caftle, whereon his Arms were engraved. He 
 buUt a Porch and , Gallery at Auckland, of which 
 Bilhop- Ruthall had laid the Foundation. He re- 
 paired Noiham Caftle, and Tyne Bridge, on the South 
 Fart of it, two fevcral Times. He finiftied the Work, 
 
 and 
 
8i %A Description of the 
 
 and great Window, of the Dining-room at Auckland. 
 He built the Tolbooth in the Market-plaee at Dur- 
 ham, with all the Houfes on the back Part of it, 
 and gave them to the Citizens of Durham. He re- 
 tained many learned Men about him, kept a fump- 
 tuous Houfe, had a large Family, and gave Alms li- 
 berally to the Poor. It was reported that on every 
 Good Friday he gave to the poor People of Durham, 
 a meafured Peck of Pennies. He prevailed with Queen 
 Mary to repeal an Aft made in the Reign of Edward 
 the Sixth, for disjoining of Gatefhead from the Coun- 
 ty of Durham, and incorporating it with the Town 
 of Newcaftle, which was thereupon, and has ever 
 fince been, annexed to Durham. 
 
 It is worthy of Remark, that in the Time of King 
 Henry VIII. the Sepulchre of St. Cuthbert was open- 
 ed by certain Commiffioners of the faid King ; and the 
 holy Corpfe, with all the Things about it, were found 
 whole, uncorrupted, fweet, odoriferous, and flexible. 
 It was taken up, carried into the Reveftry, viewed, 
 touched, and fearched by feveral Perfons, both of 
 the Clergy and Laity, and afterwards was put into 
 a new wooden Coffin. Credat Judaeus Apella. 
 
 James Pilkinton, Mafter of St. John's College, Cam- 
 bridge, was made Bifhop foon after Cuthbert Tun- 
 ftal's Death. He was an eminent Divine, and had 
 been obliged to leave his Country in nhe Days of 
 Queen Mary, to avoid Perfecution, and upon his Re^ 
 turn was by Queen Elizabeth preferred to this See, 
 March 2, i^6o ; of which he was fo faithful a Guar- 
 dian, that he contended with that Princefs for cer- 
 tain Forfeitures due to it by the Attainder of the 
 Earl of Weftmorland ; but the Parliament, for that 
 once, adjudged them to the Queen. He died the 23d 
 of January, 1575, and was buried at Auckland, but 
 was afterwards removed to the Quire at Durham. 
 
 Richard 
 
County c/Durham, 
 
 83 
 
 Richard Barns was tranflated hither from Carlifle, 
 in 1577, and pre'fided in the Diocefe eleven Years. 
 He died the 24th of Auguft, 1^87, and was buried 
 in the Choir, called the Prefbytery. Tobias Matthew, 
 then Dean, preached his Funeral Sermon. After his 
 Death the See was vacant a While, till 
 
 Matthew Hutton, Dean of York, was raifed to it, 
 but he held it only five Years, and was then re- 
 moved to the Archbiflioprick of York, and then 
 
 Tobias Matthew, Dean of Durham, fucceeded him, 
 firft in this See, and then in the Archbifhoprick after 
 his Death, which happened in 1606. His Widow 
 gave his Library, confifting of above three thoufand 
 Books, to the Church at York. While he was Bifhop 
 of Durham, which was not twelve Years, he preached 
 five hundred and fifty Sermons. His Succeflor was 
 
 William Jones, firft in his Deanry, and then in his 
 See. He was a grave Divine, and was Matter of 
 Univerfity College, 1572; Dean of Chrift Church, 
 Oxford, 1584; then of Durham, 1596; and after- 
 wards Bifhop there. He died in 1617, and was bu- 
 ried at the Entrance into the Choir. 
 
 His Succeflor, Richard Neile, was tranflated hither 
 from Lincoln, and v/as, within the Year, tranflated 
 again to Winchefler, February 7, 1627, and then to 
 York, 1632. He made great Alterations in the Caflle 
 at Durham, but more efpecially at Auckland. Af- 
 terwards 
 
 George Mountain, from London, was only three 
 Months Bifhop of Durham, before he was tranflated 
 to York, July 1, 1628, and was fucceeded by „ 
 
 John Howfon, from Oxford, where he had been 
 Canon of Chrift Church, and Vice-chancellor, fie 
 died the fixth of February, i6$r> and lies buried in 
 St. Paul's, London. -Then was elected, June 13, 
 
 Thomr.s 
 
84 ^Description the 
 
 Thomas Morton, from Litchfield, and was con- 
 firmed in the See, July 2, 1632. He gave twenty 
 Pounds to the Library of the Dean and Chapter of 
 Durham, at his Inftallation. He was difpofFefled of 
 his Bifhoprick by the ufurping Powers in the Grand 
 Rebellion, who depofed the King, and took away his 
 Life, and ftript the Nobility of their Honour, as well 
 as the Hierarchy of its Power. He died September 
 22, 1659, aged ninety-five, and was buried at Eaft 
 Manduit, in Northamptonlhire. His Funeral Sermon 
 was preached by Dr Barwick. 
 
 Dr John Coufms was made Bifhop of this See im- 
 mediately upon the Reftoration of King Charles II. 
 in 1660. He found the Palace here, left by Sir 
 Arthur Haflerig, in deplorable Ruins, which he re- 
 paired and beautified at a vaft Expence, and raifed 
 to a Magnificence fuitable to fo rich a See. He alfo 
 erefted a Library, and furnifhed it well with Books. 
 He built a ftately Chapel at Auckland, in which he 
 was buried ; and as an Inftance of his Charity, he 
 founded and endowed an Hofpital, for two Men and 
 two Women of that Parifh, to be maintained for 
 ever. He died January 15, 1674. His Funeral Ser- 
 mon was preached by Dr. Bafire, and his Life is 
 wrote by Dr. Thomas Smith, in Quarto. For fur- 
 ther Particulars of his Benefadtions, fee Sir William 
 Dugdale's Hiflory of the Church of Durham, which 
 is annexed to the fecond Edition of his Hiflory of St. 
 Paul's Church, 17 15. 
 
 He was fucceeded by the Hon. Nathanael Crew, L. 
 L.D. who was tranflated hither from Oxford, and after 
 the Deceafe of his elder Brothers and their IfTue, with- 
 out Male Heirs, became a Lord Temporal, as well as 
 Spiritual, and continued forty -feven Years Bifhop of 
 this wealthy See. He died the 18 th of September, 
 
County «/ Durh am. 
 
 85 
 
 172 1, in the 88th Year of his Age: And was fuc- 
 ceeded by 
 
 Dr. William Talbot, who had fucceffively enjoyed 
 both Oxford and Saliibury, and was then promoted to 
 this See. He was Father of the late Lord Talbot, Lord 
 High Chancellor of England. He died at London, 
 October 10, 1730, and was buried in St. James's 
 Church, Wcftminfter. His Death made Way for the 
 Promotion of 
 
 Edward Chandler, D. D. who was tranflated from 
 Litchfield and Coventry, elected November 5, en- 
 throned December 9, 1730. He died June 20, 17^0, 
 in London, and was buried at Farnham Royal, in the 
 County of Bucks. It was reported that he died worth 
 one hundred and forty thoufand Pounds. He left the 
 Intereft of three thoufand Pounds to be given to Cler- 
 gymen's Widows in his Diocefe. 
 
 Jofeph Butler, L. L. D. fucceeded him. He was 
 tranflated from Briftol, elected September 7, 1750, 
 died at Bath, June 16, 1752, but was buried at 
 •Briftol. To him fucceeded 
 
 The Hon. Dr Richard Trevor, the prefent Biftiop 
 of this Diocefe. He was tranflated from St. David's, 
 and elected November 9, 1752. 
 
 The 
 
86 ^Description cf the 
 
 The NAMES of the PRIORS Durham, 
 in the Order of their Succejfwn, with the Dates of 
 their feveral Preferments. 
 
 1083 \ Ldwine, advanced to that Dignity in 1083, 
 
 1087 Turgot, Archdeacon, Vicar-general, and then 
 Prior of Durham, and afterwards Archbi- 
 fhop of St. Andrew's, in Scotland, died in 
 11 15, and lies buried in the Chapter-houfe, 
 between Biihop Walcher, and William de 
 Careleph. 
 liog Algerus, died in 1 137. 
 1 137 Rogerus, died in 1149. 
 1 149 Laurence, who is fuppofed to have founded 
 the Chantry of St. John the Baptift, and 
 St. John the Apoftle, on the North Side of 
 St. Nicolas's Church, in Newcaftle upon 
 Tyne, died in 1154. 
 1 154 Abfalom, died in 1158. 
 1 158 Thomas the Firft fucceeded at Fame Ifle, 
 1 1 63 Germanus, died in n36. 
 1 1 89 Bartram the Firft fucceeded, after a Vacancy 
 
 of two Years, and died in 1209. 
 1209 William the Firft, of Durham, died in 1 214. 
 1214 Ralph, died in 1233. 
 
 1233 Thomas the Second, of Melfamby, fucceeded 
 in Fame Ifle, where he died, but his Body 
 was brought to Durham, and buried there 
 among the Bifliops : He had been Prior of 
 
 Coldingham. 
 
 1244 Bartram the Second, of Middleton, refigned in 
 1258, and 
 
 1258 Hugh, of Darlington, fucceeded him. In the 
 Wars between "between King Henry and his 
 
 died April 12, 108 7. 
 
 Barons, 
 
County ^Durham, 87 
 
 Barons, he did a great Deal for the Welfare 
 of his Country. He procured the great Bell, 
 and the larger Organs, and made the Parks 
 of Beaurepair and Mugglefwick. He was a 
 Man of much Hofpitality and Almfdeeds, 
 He refigned January 8, 1273, in the four- 
 teenth Year of his Priority, and the thirtieth 
 of his Monachifm. The Convent alfigned 
 him the Manors of Wardlaw and Mugglef- 
 wick for his Maintenance, to which theBifhop 
 added fcmewhat more. 
 
 272 Richard Prior, of Holy Ifland. In May, 1274, 
 Gregory IV. held the Council of Lyons, to 
 which the Prior being fammoned, he went 
 beyond See, yet was not prefent at the 
 Council, but had his Prodlors there. His 
 Epitaph was, 
 
 " Agnus, non Pardus jacet hie, Prior ecce 
 
 " Richardus." 
 " A Lamb, not a Leopard lies here, 
 " Behold it is Pvichard the Prior." 
 
 28 5 Hugh of Darlington again. 
 
 289 Richard Horton, expelled by the Biftiop. 
 
 307 William, of Tanfield, nominated by the Pope, 
 
 313 Galfrid, of Burden, refigned Jan. 25, 1322. 
 
 322 William the Third, of Cowtoi^ or Contoun, 
 died in 1 3 41. 
 
 341 Jo. FoiTer, died in 1374. He was the firffc 
 Prior that was buried in the Abbey Church, 
 on the North Side, before the Altar of St. 
 Nicolas and St. Giles. 
 
 374 Robert, of Walworth, or of Barrington, died in 
 1 3 9 1 , and was buried in the Abbey Church . 
 
 391 Jo. of Hemmingburgh, died in 141 6, and 
 lies buried on the South Side of the Ca- 
 thedral. 
 
 X , 1416 Jo- 
 
88 %/L Description of the 
 
 14 1 6 Jo. of Weffington, or Wafhington, died ia 
 1446, and was buried in the x^bbey. 
 
 1446 William the Fourth, of Ebchefter, died in 
 1456, and was buried in the South Part of 
 the Church of Durham. 
 
 1456 Jo. of Burnby, died in 1464, and was buried 
 in the Abbey. 
 
 1464 Richard Bell, made Bifhop of Carlifle in 1478. 
 
 1478, Robert Ebchefter, D. D. died in 1484, and 
 lies buried on the South Side of the Church, 
 as you go to the Veflry. 
 
 1484 Jo. of Auckland, D. D. died in 1494, and 
 was buried in the Abbey. 
 
 1495 Thomas Caftel, D. D. died in 1^19, and was 
 buried in the Abbey. After which the Priory 
 was vacant five Years. 
 
 1524 Hugh Whitehead, the laft Prior, and firft Dean. 
 The Prior and Convent refigned the Monaf- 
 try to King Henry VIH. December 3 1, 1540. 
 The Foundation of the collegiate Church 
 bears Date May the 12th, in the 33d Year 
 of Henry VIII. 1541. The Priors of this 
 Church were always inverted with the Privi- 
 leges and Dignities of Abbots. 
 
 DEANS 
 
County of D u r h a m. 89 
 
 DEANS of Durham. 
 
 1542 TTUGH Whitehead, the laft Prior, and 
 
 JTl firft Dean. 
 1 55 1 Robert Home, of Cambridge, deprived after 
 
 King Edward the Sixth's Death. 
 1553 Thomas Watfon, made Bifhop" of Lincoln in 
 1 557. 
 
 1557 Thomas Robertfon, (Archdeacon of Leicefler, 
 1540) deprived. 
 
 1559 Robert, Home reftored, made Biftiop of Win- 
 
 chefter in 1560. 
 
 1560 Ralph Skinner, of New College, Oxford, in- 
 
 flailed March 1, died January 21, 1562. 
 1563 William Whittingham, inftalled Oft. 8, 1563, 
 died June 10, 1579, and buried in the Ca- 
 thedral. 
 
 1579 Thomas Wilfon, a Civilian, Privy Counfellor, 
 and Secretary of State, died in 1581, and 
 was buried at St. Catherine's, near the 
 Tower of London. 
 
 1 58 1 Tobias Mathew, Refror of Wearmouth, I 5*90 ; 
 
 Bifhop of Durham, 1594. He preached fe- 
 ven hundred and twenty-one Sermons while 
 he was Dean of Durham, which was eleven 
 Years and an Half. 
 
 1596 William James, made Bifhop of Durham in 
 1606. 
 
 1606 Andrew Newton, Knight and Baronet, refign- 
 ed. Mr Eubank, of the 12th Stall, was his 
 Proxy. 
 
 1620 Richard Hunt, inftalled May 29, died N6v. 2, 
 1633. He was the firft Dean that was bu- 
 ried in the Quire, near the Seat of the Pre- 
 bends' Wive?. 
 
 X 2 1639 Wil- 
 
o +A. Description of the 
 
 639 William Ealcanquall, Mafter of the Savoy, and 
 Dean of Rochefter, 1624, inftalled May 14, 
 died December 25, 1645*, and was buried 
 at Chirk, in Denbyfhire. 
 
 645 William Fuller, Dean of Ely, 1636, died May 
 12, 1 65*9, aged feventy-nine. 
 
 660 Jo. Barwick, inftalled November I, made Dean 
 
 of St. Paul's in 1661, Re&or of Hough ton - 
 le-fpring, which he refigned the fame Year. 
 
 661 Jq. Sudbury, D. D. inftalled February 25. He 
 
 died in 1684, aged eighty, and lies buried 
 under a large Marble Stone in the Quire, 
 before the Dean's Stall, near Biftiop James* 
 1684 Dion. Granville, D. D. inftalled December 
 1 6, after the Death of Dean Sudbury. He 
 was deprived in 1691, and died April 7, 
 1703, at Paris, and was buried there, at 
 the lower End of St. Innocent's Church-yard. 
 X691 Thomas Comber, D. D. of Sidney College, 
 Cambridge, Precentor of York, Chaplain to 
 King William and Queen Mary, inftalled 
 June 15, after the Deprivation of Granville. 
 He died November 25, 1699, aged fifty-five, 
 and was buried at Stonegrave, in Yorkftiire. 
 1699 Jo. Montague, D, D. (Mafter of Trinity Col- 
 lege, Cambridge, 1683) after the Death of 
 Dr Comber, was inftalled the thirty-firft of 
 January. He died February 23, 1727. He 
 was Mafter of Sherburn Hofpital. 
 2727 Henry Bland, D. D. Head Mafter of Eaton 
 School, and Canon of Windfor. In the Year 
 1732-3 he religned his Canonry, and was 
 promoted to the Provoftfhip of Eaton. He 
 was inftalled May 6, 1728, by Proxy. 
 1746 Spencer Cooper, D. D. Reftor of Fordwich, 
 in Kent, the prefent Dean, inftalled July 21. 
 
 TH 
 
County ^Durham. 91 
 
 The NAMES of the PREBENDARIES of Durham, 
 in the Order of their Succeffion^ with the feveral 
 Dates of their Preferment. 
 
 Prebendaries in the Firjl Stall. 
 
 1 54 1 T? Dward (others fay, Robert) Hymers, D. D. 
 JCj May 11, the firft upon the Foundation. 
 He was Spiritual Chancellor to Bifhop Tun- 
 ftal. 
 
 i 543 Jo. Crawford, D. D. (after the Death of Dr. 
 Hymers) by Letters Patent of King Henry 
 VIII. September 7. 
 
 1562, Robert Swift, D. D. of St. John's College, 
 Cambridge. He was born at Rotheram, in 
 Yorkfliire. He was Rettor of Sedgfield, 
 and Spiritual Chancellor to Bifliop Pilkin- 
 ton ; and lies buried under the Organ Loft, 
 on the North Side of the Quire Door. 
 
 1606 James Rand, M. A. refigned 0£t. 7, 1620. 
 
 i6zo Robert Newell, D. D. inftalled (after the Re- 
 fignation of Rand) O&ober 20. He was 
 Half Brother to Bifhop Neile, Rettor of 
 Crawley, in Bucks, and of I flip,, in Oxford- 
 fhire, Prebendary of Weftminfter, Archdeacon 
 of Bucks, Sub-dean of Lincoln, Prebendary of 
 Clifton, in Lincoln Church, and had feme 
 other Preferment in Winchefter Church, 
 where, it is fuppofed, he was buried. 
 
 1635 Gabriel Clarke (after the Refignation of Dr. 
 Newell) inftalled Auguft 1, removed from 
 the third Prebend, Archdeacon of Northum 
 berland, 1619, and afterwards of Durham, 
 1620, and Matter of Greatham Hofpkal. He 
 died ih 1662. 
 
 X 3 Dion. 
 
92 ^Description of the 
 
 1662 Dion. Granvill, D. D. (after the Death of Mr 
 Clarke) inftalled September 24, removed to 
 the fourth Prebend. 
 
 1668 Thomas Smith, D. D. (after the Refignation 
 of Dr. Granville) inftalled July i # removed 
 from the fourth Prebend. He was made 
 Dean of Carlifte in 1671, and Bifhop of 
 Carlifle in 1684. 
 
 ^684 William Graham, D. D. Son of Sir George 
 Graham, ofNetherby, (after the Promotion 
 of Dr. Smith) inftalled Auguft 16. He was 
 Rector of Whickham, Dean of Carlifle, 1686, 
 and of Wells, 1704. He died February 5,. 
 17 1 1- 1 2, at London, and was buried at 
 Kenfington, without any Memorial. 
 
 1712 Jo. Bowes, D. D. removed from the fifth Pre- 
 bend, inftalled May 2. He was Rector of 
 Elwick, which he quitted for Biftiop-wear- 
 mouth, into which he was inftituted Sep- 
 tember 6, 17 15. He rebuilt Part of his 
 Prebendal Houfe, and died Jan- 14, 1721. 
 
 1721 Thomas Rundell, L.L.D. inftalled Feb. 14, 
 
 removed to the 12th Prebend. He was 
 Reftor of Sedgfield, Treafurer of Salilbury, 
 and Archdeacon of Wilts. He refigned 
 Sedgfield for the Mafterfhip of Sherburn 
 Hofpital, and was afterwards promoted to 
 the See of Londonderry, in Ireland. 
 
 1722 Thomas Mangey, L. L. D. afterwards D. D. 
 
 removed from the fifth Prebend, inftalled 
 Jan. 16, 1723. He was Rector of Ealing 
 and St. Mildred, Bread-ftreet, in London. 
 1 755 William Warburton, D. D. Preacher at Lincoln's 
 Inn, inftalled by Proxy April 1 1. He was 
 Rector of Broughton, in Lincolnfhire, Dean 
 of Briftol, 175-7, and Bifhop of Glofter, 1759. 
 
 Pre- 
 
County c/Durhah, 9^ 
 
 Prebendaries in the Second Stall. 
 
 541 Oger Watfon, D. D. the firft upon the 
 Jtv Foundation, May 11, iniVituted Redtor 
 of Rothbury, in Northumberland, Septem- 
 ber 2, 15^0. 
 
 561 jo. Pilkinton, D. D. (after the Death of Dr. 
 Watfon) inftalled October 8. He was Bro- 
 ther to Bifhop and Leonard Pilkinton, and 
 was collated to the Archdeaconry of Durham, 
 
 Dec. S, I7 6 3- 
 
 607 Jofeph Brown, M. A. (Willis fays 1603.) 
 
 6zo Augufrine Lindfell, D. D. removed from the 
 tenth Prebend (after the Refignation of Mr 
 Brown) inftalled Auguft 5 . He was Rector 
 of Houghton le-fpring, 1623, which he quit- 
 ted when he was made Bilhop of Peterbo- 
 rough, in 1632. He was inftalled Dean of 
 Litchfield Oftober 15, 1628. He was tranf- 
 lated from the See of Peterborough to Here- 
 ford. 
 
 632 Jo. Weemfe, M. A. (after the Promotion of 
 Dr Lindfell) inftalled June 7, 1633, died 
 in 1636. 
 
 636 Jof Naylor, D. D. (after the Death of Mr 
 Weemfe) collated November 18, Archdeacon 
 of Northumberland, 1632, and Reftor of 
 Sedgfield. He built his Prebendal Houfe. 
 
 668 Dion. Granville, D. D. (after the Death of Dr. 
 Naylor) removed from the firft Prebend, in- 
 ftalled April 1 6. He was made Archdeacon 
 of Durham in 1662, Re&or of Sedgfield in 
 1668, and promoted to the Deanry in 1684. 
 
 684 Sir George Wheeler (after the Refignation of 
 Dr Granville) inftalled December 9. He 
 
 was 
 
^4 Description ^/ /fo 
 
 was Re&or of Winfton, and afterwards or 
 Houghton* le-fpring, after Dr, Bagfliaw's 
 Death, in 1709. He had been Vicar of 
 Bafingftoke, and of Whkworth and Mer- 
 rington. He died in January, 1723-4, aged 
 fsventy-four. 
 
 1723-4 Martin Benfon fucceeded Sir Georgs, and was 
 collated January 25, and inftalled by Proxy. 
 He was Archdeacon of Berks, and Reftor of 
 Blickley, in the fame County. He. was pro- 
 moted to the See of Glocefter January 19, 
 1734, and died there Auguft 30, 1752, 
 aged fixty-four, or thereabouts. 
 
 1755 Jaques Sterne, L. L. D. inftalled May 31, by 
 Proxy. He was Canon Refidentiary, Pre- 
 centor, and Prebendary of York, Re&or of 
 Rife, Vicar of Hornfea cum Rifton, both hi. 
 the Eaft Riding of the County of York. He 
 died June 9, 1759. 
 
 1759 William Markham, L. L. D inftalled July 2 0i 
 He was Head Mafter of Weftminfter School, 
 which he refigned in 1763, made Dean of 
 Rochefter in 1765V and Vicar of Boxley, in 
 .Kent. 
 
Co U NT Y of Du R H A M# 95 
 
 Prebendaries in the Third Stall. 
 
 1 541 '"X^Homas Sparke, Suffragan of Berwick, the 
 JL firft upon the Foundation May 1 1 . He 
 died in 157 1 , and was buried in the Choir of 
 Greatham Hofpital, of v/hich he was Matter. 
 
 1572 Jo. Fox, M. A. (after the Death of Mr Sparke) 
 
 the Martyrologift, inftalled Odtober 14. 
 
 1573 Robert Bellamy, M. D. (after the Refignation 
 
 of Mr Fox) inftalled Oftober 13. He was 
 Matter of Sherburn Hofpital, and Re£tor of 
 Houghton-le-fpring about five Years. 
 
 1589 Robert Hutton, inftalled December 13, Re£lor 
 of Houghto:i-le-fpring, December 4, 1589. 
 
 1623 Gabriel Clarke, M. A. inftalled Auguft 1, re- 
 moved from the fixth Prebend, and after- 
 wards to the firft. 
 
 1 635 Jo. Neile, D. D. Nephew to Bifhop Neile (after 
 the Refignation of Mr Clarke) collated Au- 
 guft 1, Vicar of Northallerton, Prebendary of 
 York, Archdeacon of Cleveland, 1 63 1 ; Dean 
 of Ripon, 1674 ; and Reftor of Beckford, 
 in HolderneiTe, which he changed for Sig- 
 ftow, near Northallerton. He died April 1 4, 
 1675-. 
 
 1675 Thomas Mufgrave, D. D. (after the Death of 
 Dr. Neile) inftalled July 12. He was Redtor 
 of Whitburn, 1675 ; Prebendary in the third 
 Stall at Caiiifle ; Archdeacon, 1669; and 
 Dean of Carlifle, 1684. He died the 28th 
 of March, 1686, aged forty-feven, and lies 
 braried near the Clock. 
 
 1686 Jo. Cave, M. A, (after the Death of Dr. Muf- 
 grave) inftalled May 1 He died in 1 690, 
 and was buried at Coleorton, in Leiceikr- 
 fhire, where he was Re&or. 
 
 1693 Sa- 
 
9 6 ^Description 
 
 1690 Samuel Ayre, D. D. (after the Death of Mr 
 Cave) inftalled November 10. He was Reftor 
 of Whitburn, 1866. He dird in 1 694, and 
 was buried under the Organ Loft, near Dr. 
 Swift. 
 
 1694 James Finney, D. D. (after the Death of Dr. 
 Ayre) inftalled November 27. He wasRe&or 
 of Long Newton, 1690, and afterwards of 
 Ryton, 1706, where he built two ftately 
 Parfonage Houfes. He died in February, 
 1726. 
 
 1727 Thomas Seeker, M. A. inftalled by Proxy 
 June 16. He had been Reftor of Houghton- 
 le-fpring, and afterwards fucceeded Dr. Fin- 
 ney, both in his Prebend, and in his Living 
 of Ryton. In 1733 he was inftrtuted Re&or 
 of St. James's, London ; confecrated Bifhop 
 of Briftol, January 19, 1735; tranflated to 
 Oxford, April 13, 1737; inflalled Dean of 
 St. Paul's London, December 11, 1750 ; 
 and at laft tranflated to the See of Canter- 
 bury, 1758. 
 
 7750 Thomas Chapman, D. D. inftalled in Perfbn, 
 January I. He was Matter of Magdalene 
 College, Cambridge, and Reftor of Kirby- 
 ovei blowers, in Yorkfhire, and Official to 
 the Dean and Chapter. He died June 9, 
 1760, aged forty-three. 
 
 1760 Thomas Burton, D. D. inftalled Auguft 18. 
 
 He w r as Archdeacon of St. David's, and re- 
 moved to the 1 2th Prebend. 
 
 1 761 Gideon Murray, D. D. collated Auguft 18, 
 
 jnftalled the 20th, Vicar of Gainfborougb, 
 in Lincolnftiire, and afterwards Reftor of 
 Carlton, in Nottinghamshire. 
 
 Pre- 
 
County ^/Durham, 97 
 
 Prchendaries in the Fourth Stall 
 
 541 T T Tllliam Bennet, the firft upon the Foun- 
 VV dation, May 11. 
 
 579 Henry Nanton, or Newton, (after the Death of 
 Mr Bennet) inftalled November 3. He was 
 buried in the Body of the Church, near 
 Chancellor Swift, 
 
 607 Emanuel Barnes, D. D. removed from the fifth 
 Prebend. He was the Son of Biftiop Barnes, 
 and Re&or of Houghton-le-fpring for one 
 Year (1584) after the Death of Barnard 
 Gilpin. 
 
 614 Peter Smart, M. A. collated July 10. He was 
 Reftor of Bolden, and removed hither from 
 the fixth Prebend, but afterwards deprived. 
 631 Thomas Carr, D. D. (after the Deprivation of 
 Mr Smart) inftalled March 10. He was 
 Re&or of Hugget, in Yorkfhire, and Vicar 
 of Aycliff, Chaplain to Thomas Earl of Straf- 
 ford, and was with him on the Scaffold 
 when he was beheaded. 
 
 1652 Jo. Barwick, D. D. (after the Death of Dr. 
 Carr) collated, but not inftalled, removed 
 from the eighth Prebend, and from this to be 
 Dean of Durham, 1660. He was Re&or of 
 Houghton-le-fpring, 1661, which he refigned 
 the lame Year to Dr. Sancroft. 
 
 1 661 Thomas Smith, D. D. (after the Refignation 
 of Dr Barwick) inftalled July 20, removed 
 to the firft Prebend. He was Prebendary in 
 the firft Stall at Carlifle, inftalled Nov. 14, 
 1660 ; Prebendary of Tachbrook, in Litch- 
 field ; then Dean of Durham 5 and after- 
 wards 
 
98 ^Description of the 
 
 wards Bifhop of Carlifle. He died April X2, 
 1702, and was buried in the Cathedral of 
 Carlifle. 
 
 1668 Jo. Durell, D. D. (after the Refignation of 
 Dr. Smith) collated April 21, by Dr. Cou- 
 fms, inftalled July 1, by Dr. Bafire, his 
 Proxy. He was made Dean of Windfor in 
 1677. 
 
 1683 John Montague, D. D. (after the Death of Dr. 
 
 Durell, collated O&ober 18, inftalled No- 
 vember 12, removed to the nth Prebend. 
 He was Mafter of Trinity College, Cambridge, • 
 and of Sherburn Hofpital. 
 
 1692 Theophilus Pickering, D. D. Son of Sir Gilbert 
 Pickering (after the Refignation of Dr. Mon- 
 tague) collated April 28, inftalled by Proxy 
 June 3, removed to the nth Prebend. 
 
 1699 Philip Falle, M. A. (after the Refignation of 
 Dr. Pickering) collated January 22, inftalled 
 February 1. 
 
 1742 James Gifborne, M. A. inftalled July 21. He 
 was Reftor of Slaley, in Derbyshire. He 
 died September 7, 1759, aged 72. 
 
 1759 James Douglas, M. A. inftalled October it, 
 removed from the fifth Prebend. He was 
 Re&or of Great Stainton. 
 
 Pre- 
 
County- of D u r h a m. 99 
 
 Prebendaries in the Fifth Stall. 
 
 1541 TXniliam Todd, D-D. the firft upon the 
 VV Foundation, May 11, afterwards de- 
 prived. 
 
 1567 Ralph Lever, M. A. (after the Deprivation of 
 Dr. Todd) collated Oftober 14, inftalled 
 October 17, by a Mandate from Bifhop Pil- 
 kinton. He was Archdeacon of Northum- 
 berland, 1 y66.- Ke and his Brother Thomas 
 were Matters of Sherburn Hofpital. 
 
 1585 Emanuel Barnes, D. D. (after the Death of 
 Mr Lever) inftalled July 29, removed to the 
 fourth Prebend. 
 
 1607 Jo. Calf hill, M. A. (after the Refignation of 
 Dr. Barnes) Recfor of Redmarfhal, and Chap- 
 lain to Bifhop Matthews in 1 603. 
 
 1619 Jo. Cradock, Mi A. (after the Death of Mr 
 Calf hill) collated Auguft 7, inftailed the 1 8th. 
 He was Archdeacon of Northumberland. 
 
 1627 Eleazer Dfmcon, or Duncombe, D. D. (after 
 the Death of Mr Cradock) inftalled Jan. 8. 
 , He was Reftor of Houghton. 
 
 1660 Thomas Dalton, D. D (after the Death of 
 Dr. Duncon) inftalled November 2. He 
 was Rector of Berwick in Elmer, York- 
 fhire; Dean of York, upon the Death of Dr. 
 Scot ; and Rector of Dallam, in the Diocefc 
 of Ely. 
 
 1672 Thomas Cartwrigbt, D, D, (after the Refig- 
 nation of Dr. Dalton) inftalled November 15, 
 Dean of Ripon, 1675, and Bifhop of Chef- 
 ter, 1686. 
 
 1686 Conft. Jeflbp, D. D. (after the Promotion of 
 Dr. Cartwnght) collated October 16, in- 
 ftalled November 15. 
 
 Y C696 Jo# 
 
roo ^Description of the 
 
 1 696 Jo. Bowes, D. D. (after the Death of Dr. JefFop) 
 collated March 23, inftalled April 21, re- 
 moved to the firft Prebend. He was Re&or 
 of El wick. 
 
 1712 Nath. Ellhon, D. D. (after the Refignation of 
 Dr. Bowes) collated September 30, inftalled 
 October 1. He was inftituted Vicar of New- 
 caftle in 1694, and Re&or of Whitburn in 
 1704. He was alfo Archdeacon of Litch- 
 field. 
 
 17 2 1 Thomas Mangey, D. D. collated May n, in- 
 
 ftalled May 21, removed to the firft Prebend. 
 
 1722 Jonathan Hall, D. D. collated Jan. 1, inftalled 
 
 Jan., 21. He was Reclor of Cockfield, in 
 SufTex, and Chaplain to Lord Cadogan. He 
 was buried in the Cathedral Church of Dur- 
 ham, June 15, 1 74 3* 
 
 1743 Robert Stillingfleet, M. A. (fmce D. D.) in- 
 ftalled July 20. He was Rector of Gatef- 
 head, then of Ryton, and at laft Mafter of 
 Sherburn HofpitaL He died at Briftol, Au- 
 guft 3, 1759, aged fifty-eight. 
 
 1>1 S9 J ames Douglas, M. A. inftalled Anguft 17, re- 
 moved to the fourth Prebend. He was Re£tor 
 of Long Newton, and then of Great Staiaton. 
 
 1750 Samuel Terrick, M. A. 
 
 Pre* 
 
County ^/"Durham. ioi 
 
 Prebendaries in the Sixth Stall. 
 
 1 S4 l QTephen Marley, D. D. the firft upon the 
 
 >3 Foundation, May 1 1, deprived. 
 1572 Peter (or Robert) Shaw, M. A. (after the De- 
 privation of Dr. Marley) inftalled Auguft 12. 
 
 1 608 William Selby, M. A. collated July 12. 
 
 1609 Peter Smart, M. A. collated November 30, re- 
 
 moved to the fourth Prebend. 
 1 614 Robert Cook, B. D. (after the Refignation 6f 
 Mr Smart) collated July 20. He died the 
 firft of January, in the fame Year. He was 
 Vicar of Leeds, and Author of Cenfura Pa- 
 trum. 
 
 1614 Ferdinand Moorcroft, M. A. (after the Death 
 of Mr Cook) collated January 6, removed to 
 the nth Prebend. 
 
 1 6 19 Daniel Birkhead, D. D. (after the Refignation 
 
 of Mr Moorcroft) inftalled July 14, removed 
 to the 10th Prebend. 
 
 1620 Gabriel Clarke, M. A. (after the Refignation of 
 
 Dr. Birkhead) inflalled Auguft 1, removed 
 to the third Prebend. He was Archdeacon 
 of Northumberland in 161 9, and of Durham 
 in 1620. He was afterwards removed to the 
 firft Prebend, in 1635, 
 
 1623 J * Robfon, M. A. (after the Refignation of Mr 
 Clarke) inftalled Auguft 1. He was Rector 
 of Morpeth and Whalton, in Northumber- 
 land, and according to fome Accounts Arch- 
 deacon of Northumberland. 
 
 1660 Richard Wrench, B. D. collated by Thomas 
 Moreton, the Bifhop, but not inftalled* till 
 March 20. He was Reftor of Bolder), and 
 Vicar of Heighington. He was buried in 
 the Cathedral. 
 
 Y 2 1675 Richard 
 
102 A De S CPvIP tion /A* 
 
 1675 P-ichard Knightley, M. A. (after the Death of 
 Mr Wrench) inftalled November 17, removed 
 to the feventh Prebend. 
 
 X076 Jo, Morton, D. D. (after the Refignation of 
 Mr Knightley) collated November 9, inftalled 
 the 29th, removed from the feventh Prebend, 
 Knightley and he exchanged, and he was af- 
 terwards removed to the 12th Prebend. 
 
 168$ Fitzh. Adams, D, D. (after the Refigaation of 
 Dr. Morton) inftalled Auguft n 5 removed 
 to the 10th Prebend. He was Refror of 
 Walhington, and of Lincoln College, Oxford. 
 
 16^5 Henry Dobfon, D. D. (after the Refignation of 
 Dr. Adams) collated and inftalled June 8. 
 He was Reftor of Balden. He died March 
 23, 17 17, aged fixty-feven, and was buried 
 at London. 
 
 1718 John Dolben, D, D. collated April 2, inftalled 
 
 the 17th, removed to the nth Prebend. 
 
 17 19 William Watts, D. D. collated Auguft 3, in- 
 
 ftalled the 1 8th. He was Rector of Wolfing* 
 ham. He died February 5, 1736-7. 
 1737 Henry Bland, M. A. Rector of Bifhop Wear- 
 mouth, and Walhington, inftalled Auguft 2. 
 He was of Corpus Chrifti College, in Oxford, 
 and had a Living in Lincolnfhire. 
 
 Pre- 
 
County ^/Durham, 103 
 
 Prebendaries in the Seventh Stall. 
 
 154 1 Xy Obert Dalton, B. D. the firft upon the 
 XV Foundation, May 11, deprived. 
 
 1560 Tho. Sampfon, (after the Deprivation of Dr. 
 
 Dalton, inftalled July 4. He was Dean of 
 Chrift-churc-h. 
 
 1562 William Birch, M. A. (after the Refignation of 
 Mr Sampfon) inftalled J*uly 4. 
 
 1567 Leonard Pilkinton, D. D. (after the Deprivation 
 of Mr Birch) collated Auguft 1, inftalled 
 September 6.. He was M after of St John's 
 College, Cambridge, 15*61, and Regius Pro- 
 feflbr of Divinity there. He was Rector of 
 Whitburn, and Brother to Bifiiop, and John, 
 Pilkinton. 
 
 1*625 Marmaduke Blakifton, M. A. Archdeacon of 
 the Eaft Riding of York/hire in 1 61 5, which 
 he refigned in 1625, to J°' in (afterwards 
 Biihop) Cofin, who married his Daughter. 
 He was alfo Rector of Sedgfield, which he 
 refigned, together with the Prebend, to his 
 Son. 
 
 1.631. Robert Blakifton, Son of Marmaduke, (after his 
 Father's Refignation) collated November 27. 
 He was Rector of Sedgfield, and married 
 Biftiop Howfon's Daughter, and out-lived the 
 Bifoop, but died before his own Father, who 
 had refigned his Preferments to him, and 
 thereby loft his Son, and his Preferments, 
 
 1634 Matthew Levet, M. A. (after the Death of Mr 
 Blakifton) collated January 24, Pupil to Bi- 
 ihop Moreton, and Sub-dean of Ripon. 
 
 1643 l& ac Bafire, D. D. inftalled December 12, 
 was Rector of Eggfciifr^ and af- 
 Y 3 terwards 
 
104 *4 De script ion of the 
 
 terwards of Stanhope, and Archdeacon of 
 Northumberland. He died the 12th of 
 O&ober, 1676. 
 
 1676 Jo. Morton, D. D. (after the Death of Dr. 
 
 Bafire) inftalied Oftober 16. Ke religned it 
 the next Month to Richard Knightley, M. A. 
 and was removed to the fixth Prebend. 
 
 1676 Richard Knightley, M. A. (after the Refigna- 
 tion of Dr. Morton) collated the ninth, and 
 inftalied the 29th, removed from the fixth 
 Prebend. 
 
 1695 Jo. Smith, D. D. (after the Death of Mr 
 Knightley) collated 25th, and inftalied the 
 26th of September. He was Reflor of 
 Gatefhead, and afterwards of Biiliop Wear- 
 mouth, where he built a beautiful Houfe, and 
 repaired the Roof of his Chancel. He died 
 at Cambridge the 30th of July, 1715, aged 
 fifty-fix. He was buried in the Chapel of 
 St. John's College. 
 
 17 1 5 Tho. Eden, L.L.D. removed from the ninth 
 Prebend, inftalied Auguft 23. He was Reftor 
 of Winfton and Branfpeth. He died the third 
 of March, 1754. 
 
 1754 Jcf-ph Spence, M. A. inftalied May 24 ; Pro- 
 fcffor of Modern Hiftory at Oxford. 
 
 Pre- 
 
County ^/ Durham. i 05 
 
 Prebendaries in the Eighth Stall. 
 
 1 54 1 JOHN Towton, B. D. the firft upon the 
 J Foundation, May 11, deprived. 
 
 1560 Ad. Shepherd, B. D. (after the Deprivation of 
 Mr Towton.) 
 
 1563 Thomas Lever, B. D. (after the Death of Mr 
 Shepherd) collated February 21. He was 
 Matter of St. John's College, Cambridge, 
 Archdeacon of Coventry in 1572, and Matter 
 of Sherburn Hofpital. He was deprived. 
 
 5567 Pochard Longworth, D. D. (after the Depri- 
 vation of Mr Lever) collated November 9. 
 One of the fame Name was Matter of St. 
 John's College, Cambridge. 
 
 1572 Fr. Bunney, M. A. (after the Refignation of 
 Dr. Longworth) inttalled May 1 3. He was 
 Archdeacon of Northumberland, 1573, and 
 Rector of Ryton. He left thirty Pounds to 
 the Dean and Chapter. 
 
 1617 Fr. Burgoine, inttalled May 6. He was Arch- 
 deacon of Northumberland in 1620, and 
 Reel or of Bifhop Wearmouth. 
 1633 Anthony Maxton, M. A. (after the Death of 
 Mr Burgoine, collated May 23. He was 
 Rector or Middleton, in Teafdale, and of 
 Wolfingham. 
 
 1645 John Barwick, D. D. collated by Bifhop Mor- 
 ton, removed to the fourth Prebend. 
 
 i6ri Robert Grey, D. D. (after the Refignation of , 
 Dr. Barwick) collated May 10, by Bifhop 
 Morton, but not inttalled till November 2, 
 1660. He was Rector of Wearmouth, and 
 built his Prebendal Houfe. He died July 9, 
 1704, aged ninety -four, 
 
 1704 Ro- 
 
106 A Description of the 
 
 1704 Robert Oifley, M. A. (after the Death of Dr^ 
 Grey) inftalled July 28. He was Reftor of 
 Abinger, in Surry, where he died and was 
 buried. 
 
 1643 James Lefiie, M. A. inftalled July 20. He 
 was Reftor of Wolfingham, whkh he after- 
 wards quitted for Sedgfield. He was after- 
 wards made Biftiop of Limerick (1757)^0 
 Ireland, where he was born. 
 
 X 75S R°k ert Lowth, D. D. inftalled in Perfon Oc- 
 tober 29. He is now Re&or of Sedgfield^ 
 and Bifhop of Oxford. 
 
 Pre* 
 
County ^Durham. 107 
 
 Prebendaries in the Ninth Stall. 
 
 154 1 >k TIcholas Marley, B. D. the firft upon the 
 l\ Foundation, May n. 
 Thomas Horton, Clerk. See Wood's Athenae,&c. 
 1460 William Stephenfon, B. D. (after the Refigna- 
 tion of Mr florton, inftalled January 28. He 
 was buried before the Quire Door. 
 1575 Richard Fawcet, B. D. (after the Death of Mr 
 Stephenfon) collated December 20. He was 
 ' alive in 1607. 
 
 George Moorcroft, M. A. alive and a Prebend 
 in 1642. 
 
 1648 Tho. Triplet, D. D. (after the Death of Mr 
 Moorcroft) collated March 20, but not in- 
 inftalled till November 2, 1660. He was 
 Prebendary of Sarum and York, Vicar of 
 Woodhorn, in Northumberland, Rector of 
 Wafhington and Whitburn, 1631, in the 
 County of Durham. He died in July, 1670, 
 aged feventy. 
 
 1 66 1 William Sancroft, D. D. (after the Refignation 
 of Dr. Triplet) collated March 4, inftalled 
 the irth. He was Rector of Hough ton-le- 
 fpring, 1 661 ; Dean of York, 1663 ; and of 
 St. Paul's, 1664; and at laft Archbifhop of 
 Canterbury, 1677. He built his Prebendal 
 Houie. 
 
 1675 Thomas Holdlworth, M. A. (after the Refig- 
 nation of Dr. Sancroft) inftalled January I, 
 He was Dean of Midlam, or Miidleham. 
 
 168 1 Henry Bagfhaw, .D. D. (after the Death of Mr 
 Holdfworth) collated July 18, inftalled the 
 20th. He was Reflor of Houghton-le- fpring. 
 He died December 30, 1609, a S e d feventy- 
 fcven, and was buried there, 
 
 1709 WSU 
 
io8 ^ Description of the 
 
 1709 William Hartwell, D. D. (after the Death of 
 Dr. Bagfhaw) inftalled February 7, removed 
 to the 10th Prebend. 
 
 17 1 1 Thomas Eden, L. L. D. (after the Refignation 
 of Dr. Hartwell) collated July 23, inftalled 
 the 24th, removed to the feventh Prebend* 
 
 17x5 William Lupton, D. D. Preacher at Lincoln's 
 Inn, inftalled September 20, by Proxy. He 
 died December, 1726. 
 
 X726 John Johnfon, L L. D. Rector of Hurworth, 
 in the County of Durham, collated the nth, 
 inftalled the 1 8th of January. He was alfo 
 Vicar of Manfield, in Yorkftiire. He died 
 the 13 th of October, 17 61, aged eighty- 
 three. 
 
 1762 Charles Morgan, M. A. inftalled by Proxy 
 February 25. He was Student of Chrift 
 Church, Chaplain to Bifhop Trevor, and 
 Rector of Haughton. He died at Scarbor. 
 rough, June 26, 1764, aged thirty-two. 
 
 1762 Charles Wefton, M. A. 
 
 JE i ^ 
 
County / Durham. j 09 
 
 Prebendaries in the Tenth Stall. 
 
 1 54 1 T> ALPH Blakifton, the firft upon the Foun- 
 AX. elation, May 11. 
 
 John Rudd, in the Time of Edward the Sixth, 
 deprived in the Reign of Queen Mary. 
 
 George Bullock, inftalled May 9, deprived in 
 1554. 
 
 1 j 67 John RudJ, reftored in the Reign of Queen 
 Elizabeth before the Year 1567. 
 
 1578 Hugh Broughton, M. A. (after the Death of 
 Mr Rudd) collated November 13, inftalled 
 the 14th. 
 
 1580 Ralph Tunftal, M. A. (after the Refignation of 
 Mr Broughton) inftalled November 9. He 
 was x^rchdeacon of Northumberland, 1 58 1, 
 Reft or of Long Newton and Croft, and Maf- 
 ter of the Hofpital of St. Mary Magdalene, 
 near Ripon-. 
 
 161 Auguftine Lindfel, D. D. inftalled April 8, re- 
 moved to the fecond Prebend. 
 
 1620 Daniel Birkhead, D. D. (after the Refignation 
 of Dr. Lindfel) inftalled Auguft 5, removed 
 to the fixth Prebend. 
 
 1 624 John Cofin, D. D. (after the Death of Dr. Birk* 
 head) collated December 4. He was Reftor 
 of Elwick and Branfpeth, Mailer of Peter- 
 houfe, Dean of Peterborough, 1640, and 
 afterwards Bifnop of Durham. 
 
 1660 Dan. Brevint, D D. (after the Promotion of 
 Dr. Cofin) inftalled March 15. He was 
 Re&or of Branfpeth, and Dean of Lincoln, 
 1 68 1, where he died and was buried. 
 
 1695 Fitzh. Adams. D. D. (after the Death of Dr. 
 Brevint) inftalled June 8, removed from the 
 
 fixth, 
 
no %A Description of the 
 
 fixfh, and afterwards ro the nth Prebend. 
 He was Rector of Lincoln College, Oxford, 
 He built this Prebendal Houfe. 
 
 371 1 William Hartwell, D. D. from the ninth Pre- 
 bend, collated and inftalled jane 14. He was 
 Rector of Whickam in 1 68 1 , and afterwards 
 of Stanhope, 1685. He died June 1, 1725. 
 
 t$2f George Sayers, M. A. collated the 29th, and 
 inftalled the 30th of June. He was Reclor of 
 Witham, in EfFex. In 1730 he was collated 
 to the Archdeaconry of Durham, and on the 
 26th of September, 1732, he refigned this 
 Prebend. 
 
 ?732 Thomas Sharp, D. D. collated October 18, in- 
 ftalled by Proxy October 31, inftalled in 
 i Perfon December 1. He was Prebendary of 
 York and Southwell, Rector of Rothbury, in 
 Northumberland, and Archdeacon of Nor- 
 thumberland* He died at Durham, March 1 6, 
 1758, aged fixty-four. 
 
 1758 Henry Vane, M. A. now L. L. D. inftalled by 
 Proxy April 5 ; Chaplain to Bifhop Trevor, 
 Rector of Great Stainton, and afterwards of 
 Long New ton, 1760. 
 
 Pre- 
 
County Durham. in 
 
 Prebendaries in the Eleventh Stall. 
 
 154 1 YJ Obcrt Bennet, the firft upon the Founda- 
 JiA. tion, May vti 
 
 1558 Anthony Salvia, B.'D. (after the Death of Mr 
 Bennet) hiftalled October 12, removed from 
 the 1 2th Prebend. One of that Name was 
 chofen Matter of Univernty College, Oxford, 
 
 *557- 
 
 r 559 Jo. Hen (haw, Clerk, (after the Deprivation 
 
 of Mr Salvin by the Vifitation of Queen 
 
 Elizabeth) November 29. 
 1560 Ad. Holyday, (after the Death of MrHenlhaw) 
 
 inftalled January 3. 
 1590 Clement Colmore, L. L. D. inftalled May p. 
 
 He v/as Spiritual Chancellor about the Year 
 
 1 619 Ferd. Moncroft, M. A. (after the Death of Dr. 
 
 Colmore) collated July 14, removed from 
 the fixth Prebend. He was Refbor of Stan- 
 hope, Vicar of Heighington, and Matter of 
 Greatham Hofpital. 
 
 1644 Ralph Brownrigg, D. D. He was Bifliop of 
 Oxford, 1 64 1, Archdeacon of Coventry, 
 1 63 1, Matter of Pembroke Hall, Prebendary 
 of Ely, and Matter of the Temple. He died 
 December 7, 1659, aged fixty-feven. 
 
 x56o Thomas Wood, D. D. (after the Death of Dr, 
 Brownrigg) inftalled December 10. He was 
 Rector of Whickham, 1635 ; Dean, 1663 > 
 and Bifhop of Litchfield, 167 1. He died in 
 1692. 
 
 1692 John Montague, D. D. (after the Death of Dr. 
 Wood) collated April 2r, inftalled Jane 3, 
 removed from the fourth Prebend, and from 
 this to be Dean of Durham. 
 
 Z 1609 The. 
 
in *A Description of the 
 
 1699 Theophilus Pickering, D. D. (after the Re- 
 signation of Dr. Montague) collated Jan. 20, 
 inftalled February 1. He died March 20, 
 17 10, and was buried at Sedgfield, where 
 he was Re£tor; but he was firft Rector of 
 Gatdhead. 
 
 I j 1 1 Fitzh. Adams, D. D. collated the third, and 
 inftalled by Proxy the 14th of April, fie 
 was removed from the 10th Prebend. He 
 died June 27, 1 7 19, and was buried at Ail- 
 hall, in Oxfordfhire. 
 
 17 19 John Dolben, D. D. removed from the frxth 
 Prebend, inftalled July 18. He was Re&or 
 of Barton Latimers, and Vicar of Hyndon, 
 in Northamptonshire. In 1722 he became 
 a Baronet, by the Death of his Father Gil- 
 bert. He died at Durham, November 20, 
 1-756, aged feventy- three. 
 
 x 757 Wadham Knatchbull, L. L. D. (removed from 
 the 1 2th Prebend, after the Death of Sir 
 John Dolben) inftalled in Perfon January 8, 
 1757. He was Reftor of Chilham, in Kent. 
 He died December 27, 1760, aged fifty- 
 four. 
 
 tMt Samuel Dickens, D. D. removed from the 12th 
 Prebend, inftalled by Proxy March 2r. He 
 is aifo Rector of Eafmgton, and Archdeacoa 
 of Durham. 
 
 Frt- 
 
County Durham, *i 3 
 
 Prebendaries in the Twelfth Stall. 
 
 154 1 TT7IUiam Watfon, otherwise Wiilome, the 
 VV firft npon the Foundation, May 11. 
 
 1556 Anthony Salvia, B. D. (after the Death of Mr 
 Watfon) collated Ottober 12, removed to 
 the nth Prebend. 
 
 1558 George Cliff, B. D. (after the Refignadon of 
 Mr Salvin) collated September 13. 
 
 ,1596 Henry Ewbank, M. A. infiaUed April 3. He 
 was Reftor of Whickham. He was buried 
 in the South Alley of the Cathedral. 
 
 1620 William James, M. A. (after the Refignadon 
 of Mr Ewbank) collated October 6. He 
 was Rector of Ryton, and Vicar of Kirk- 
 inerrington. He was buried in the Abbey, 
 l6.f 9 . 
 
 1660 Guido Carlton, D. D. (after the Death of Mr 
 James) inftalled November 2. He was Rector 
 of Wollingham, Dean of Carlifle, 1660 ; 
 Bifliop of Briftol, 1671; and afterwards of 
 Chichefter 1 67 8. 
 John Moreton, D. D. (after the Death of Dr. 
 Carlton) collated the 13th, and inftalled the 
 1 8th of July, removed from the fikth Pre- 
 bend. He was Rector of Bolden, afterwards 
 of Eggfdiff, and at laft of Sedgfield, and 
 Archdeacon of Northumberland. He built 
 his Prebendal Houfe. He died November 
 10, 1722, aged feventy-eight. 
 
 X722 Thomas Rundell, L.L B. removed from the 
 firft Prebend, collated Novem!>er 22, and 
 inftalled December 3. — See the Account of 
 him under the firft Prebend. 
 
 Z 2, 1733 Wai- 
 
x 14 ./f D £ s cm p t i o n of the 
 
 1738 Wadham Chandler, M. A. (after the Promo- 
 tion of Dr. Rundell to the See of London, 
 derry, in Ireland) inftalled July 21. He was 
 Spiritual Chancellor of Durham, and Mafter 
 of Sherburn Hofpital. He died January 2, 
 I737-S. 
 
 2738 Wadham Knarchbull, L. L. B. (after the Death 
 of Mr Chandler) inftalled June 17. He was 
 inducted into the Living of Chilham, and 
 Molach annexed, in Kent. He was removed 
 to the nth Prebend. 
 
 17 61 Thomas Burton, D. D. removed from the third 
 Prebend, inftalled by Proxy May 11. He 
 was R.ector of Batsford, in Gloucefterlhire, 
 and Archdeacon of Gloucefter. He died at 
 Batsford July 16, 1767. 
 
 1767 Edmund Law, D. D. inftalled Auguft 3. He 
 is Mafter of Peter-houfe, Cambridge, Ca- 
 fbiftical Profeftbr in that Univerfity, Arch- 
 deacon of Staffordfnire, and Rector of Gray- 
 ftock, in Cumberland. 
 
 TRANS* 
 
County ^/Durham, 
 
 TRANSLATIONS of the BISHOP 
 
 DURHAH. 
 
 John Fordham, 
 
 Richard Fox 
 Cardinal Wolfey 
 Richard Neile. 
 
 Laurence Booth 
 Chrift. Bainbrigg 
 Matthew Hut ton 
 Tobias Matthew 
 Geo. Mountain. 
 
 Bifhop of Durham, Maf-1 chr;ft Babbrf 
 ter of the Rolls, J t>o 
 
 3 Lord Chief Juffices, William of Carileph 
 
 Ralph Flambard 
 Hugh Pudfey. 
 
 3 Lord Treafurers, Ralph Flambard 
 
 Richard de Bury 
 John Fordham. 
 
 6 Lord Chancellors, Ralph Flambard 
 
 Galfrid Rufus 
 Richard de Marifco 
 Richard de Bury 
 Tho. Langley 
 Laurence Booth. 
 
 To Ely, 
 
 To Winchefter, 
 
 To York, 
 
 2 Cardinals, Tho. Langley 
 
 Tho. Wolfey, 
 Z 3 
 
n6 ^Des c rip t ion of the 
 
 PPvEBENDARIES of Durham preferred ft 
 be DEANS, 
 
 Of St Paul s, 
 
 Dr Sancrok 
 Dr Seeker. 
 
 Of Litchfield, 
 
 Dr LyndfelL 
 
 Of Peterborough, 
 
 Dr Colin. 
 
 Of Liacoln, 
 
 Dr Brevinr. 
 
 Of Wells, 
 
 Dr Graham, 
 
 Of Windfor, 
 
 Dr Dure!!. 
 
 Of York, 
 
 Dr Sancroft. 
 
 Of Durham, 
 
 Tobias Matthew 
 William James 
 Dr Bar wick 
 Dr Granville 
 
 T)r TVfnn tfHTiif* 
 
 Of CarlliTe, 
 
 Dr Charlton 
 Dr Smith 
 Dr Miifgrave 
 Dr Graham. 
 
 Cf Eriftol, 
 
 Dr Warburton. 
 
 Of R\poa, 
 
 Dr Ncile 
 
 Dr Cai twrlght. 
 
 Of Middleham, 
 
 Mr Holdfworth. 
 
 PRE- 
 
Co UNTY fl/DuXHAM, 1 1 7 
 
 PREBENDARIES of Durham made BISHOPS. 
 
 Of Peterborough, 
 Of Litchfield, 
 Of Briftol, 
 
 Of Durham, 
 Of CarMe, 
 Of Chefter, 
 Of Cloucefter, 
 Of St David's, 
 
 Dr Lyndfell. 
 Dr Wood. 
 Dr Carlton 
 
 Dr Seeker, but t ran Gated t$ 
 Oxford, and then to Can* 
 terbury. 
 
 Dr Cofin. 
 
 Dr Tho. Smith. 
 
 Dr Cartwright. 
 
 Dr Warburton. 
 
 Dr Lowth, but tranGated. 
 to Oxford. 
 
 Dr Brownrigg was Bifhop of Exeter before he was 
 Prebendary of Durham. 
 
 DEANS / Durham made BISHOPS. 
 
 Of Durham, Tobias Matthew 
 
 William James. 
 
 Of Winchefter, Robert Horn. 
 
 Of Lincoln, Thomas Watfon. 
 
n8 ^ Description ^/ 
 
 Tk NAMES of the ARCHDEACONS / Due 
 ham, in the Order of their SucceJJion* 
 
 TUrgot, made Birtiop of St Andrew, ia 
 Scotland, 1063. 
 1108 Michael. 
 Robert. 
 
 Waron, about the Year 1 147. 
 1148 Ranulphus, about the Year 11 Jo. 
 1 153 Laurence. 
 
 1 1 60 Burchardus, who died December 6, XI96. 
 
 1 171 John* 
 
 Aimericus, who was High Sheriff of Northum- 
 berland in the 16th Year of the Reign of 
 King John. 
 
 1 1 74 William. 
 
 1180 Hugh Pudfey, made a Baftard Son of his Arch- 
 deacon of Durham, who died in 1x96. 
 1195 Thomas of Anefty. 
 
 Emericus. 
 1267 Robert of St Agatha. 
 1274 Anthony Beek, Bilhop of Durham, 128 
 1 285 William de Luda. 
 1296 Samuel of Farlington. 
 
 1300 William of St Botulph, and occurs again Au- 
 guft 14, I jot. 
 
 1 3 1 1 \ Thomas of Goldefcurgh. 
 
 
 1333 Aimericus of Beaumont, Nephev/ of Bifhop 
 
 Lewis, and occurs again, 1338. 
 1356 Th. de Nevil. — Whether this be the fame 
 Perfon nominated to the See of York, 1374 ? 
 1379 William of Bafingftoke, otherwife called Mundy 
 
 of Bafingftoke. 
 1381 Piteus, Cardinal of Pvomc 
 
 1392 Tho- 
 
County of Durh a m. 
 
 119 
 
 1393 Thomas de Wefton. 
 1408 Alan of Newark. 
 1408 John Hovingham. 
 
 141 7 John Kemp, Bifhop of Pvochefter, 1419, Chi- 
 chefter, London, York, and Canterbury, 
 
 T 437- 
 
 1463 William de Scroop. 
 
 1491 Ralph Booth, who died in 1496. 
 
 1501 Roger Lay burn. 
 
 Jo. Boerius Clericus Genuenfis, who reflgned 
 
 15 15 Bernard GiJpin, who reflgned the Archdeaconry 
 for the Rectory of Houghton-le-fpring. He 
 died March 4, 1583, aged fixty-h'x. 
 
 15*60 Jo. Ebdon, B. D. who refigned. 
 
 1 563 John Pilkinton, December 5. The fecond Pre- 
 bendary, and Brother to Bifhop, and John, 
 Pilkinton. 
 
 1581 William More ton, B> D. Vicar of Newcaftle, 
 who died in 1620, and was buried in the 
 Quire of St Nicolas' there. 
 
 1620 Gabriel Clarke, D. D. He was Prebend of thg 
 of thefixth, third, and firft Stalls, and Arch- 
 deacon of Northumberland, 16(9. 
 
 1662 Dion. Granville, D. D. He was Prebend of 
 the firft Stall, and Dean of Durham. He 
 was deprived of both in 169 1. 
 
 1 69 1 Robert Booth, (after the Deprivation of Dr 
 Granville) May 1 5. 
 
 1730 George Saver, M. A. (after the Death of Mr 
 Booth) November 3, who died at BrulTels, 
 1761. 
 
 761 Samuel Dickens, D. D. after the Death of Dr 
 Sayer. 
 
 The 
 
12 ^Description of the 
 
 The NAMES of the ARCHDEACONS cf Nor- 
 thumb&rxand, in the Order of their Succcjfwn. 
 
 RObert jeems to have held this Dignity la 
 1 1 40/ 
 
 Ralph, M41 and 1153. 
 1 160 WiiliairL 
 1 1 24 Diy^rid. 
 
 Richard de Marifco, Lord Chancellor, 12 1 2, 
 and Bifhop of Durham, $217. 
 f2^9 Alan de Lenne. 
 
 Thomas de Anefly, April c, and quitted it two 
 Years after for the Archdeaconry of Durham. 
 Thomas de Hereford died pofTeffed of it in Au- 
 gufti2i3. 
 
 Richard deMiddleton occurs in the Year 1270. 
 
 Nicholas de Wells occurs in 1 3 1 o — 1 311. 
 
 Robert de Pickering, 1 312. He was in 1313 
 made Dean of York, and fo probably refigned 
 to Tho. de Charlton, 1 3 1 4 . He was made 
 Bifhop of Hereford in J 3 27, and fucceeded 
 by 
 
 1328 John de Carleton, prefented by the King, Fe- 
 bruary 16, 1328. 
 *343 Edmund Haward. 
 
 1355 William of Shewfbury, made Archdeacon of 
 Salop in 1 360. 
 
 1361 John de Baumburgh. 
 
 1 362 Richard of Barnard caftle, collated Sept. 10. 
 I369 Thomas of Duffield, collated Auguft 19. 
 
 ^ 3 69 William of Beverley. 
 
 *37° J orin °f Derby, inftituted upon the Prefentation 
 of King Edward the Third, February 9, 
 while the See was vacant, and William of 
 Beverley being rejected, 
 
 1386 and 
 
C O U N T Y Of D U JR. K A M . 
 
 121 
 
 1 3 S6 
 
 ohn Refarne. 
 
 *397 
 
 1 40 1 John of Dal ten. 
 1 40 9 John of Rychinghale, "who refigned. 
 *4io Henry Eton. 
 1 4 1 1 John Rychinghale again. 
 14 27 Martnarduke Lumley, Precentor of York. 
 
 Robert Mafon, L L. D. 
 T493 Robert Scroop. 
 
 1519 Pvobert Dobell, ctherwife Dovell, or Daveli, 
 L. L. D. Prebendary of York, and Canon of 
 Exeter. 
 
 1 C58 William Carter, D D. collated November 3 
 1560 William King, M. A. of King's College, Cam- 
 bridge. He was deprived for Non- re licit nee. 
 He was B- D. and Prebendary of Canterbury 
 and Windfor. He died in the Year 1590, 
 and was buried at Windfor. 
 566 Ralph Lever, M. A. collated Auguft t. Pie 
 was Prebendary in the fifth Stall at Durham, 
 and Brother to Thomas in the eighth Stall ; 
 both of them Mailers of Sherburn Hofpital. 
 1573 Francis Bunny, M. A. collated Oftobcr 20. He 
 refigned. He was Prebendary of Durham, in 
 the eighth Stall, and P.eclor of Ryton. 
 I578 John Bold, D D collated Oftober 29, 1581, 
 
 See Wood's Athense, &c. 
 H5S1 Ralph Tunftal, M A. Prebendary of Durham, 
 in the 1 oth Stall, and Reftor of Long New- 
 ton He was alfo Prebendary of York, and 
 Reclor of Croft. 
 1619 John Cradock, D. D. who refigned the {font 
 Year. He was Prebendary of Durham, in 
 the fifth Stall. 
 1619 Gabriel Clerk, D. D. collated Auguft 7. He 
 was Prebendary of the Srftj then of the third, 
 
 and 
 
122 *A Description of the 
 
 and afterwards of the fixth Stalls, and made 
 Archdeacon of Durham in 1620. 
 
 1620 Francis Burgoine, D. D. Prebendary of the 
 eighth Stall, Rector of Bifhop Wearmouth, 
 and alfo of Spoffath, in York Pn ire. 
 
 1632 Jofeph Kaylor, D. D. Prebendary of the fecotid 
 Stall, and Rector of Sedgfield. 
 
 1636 William Flather, B. D collated November 24. 
 
 1638 Everard Gower, B. D. collated May 9. In 
 
 1640 he was made Vicar of Norton, and in 
 
 1 641 Rector of Stanhope. 
 
 1644 Ifaac Bafire, Prebendary of the feveath Stall, 
 and Rector of Stanhope and EggfclifF, col- 
 lated Auguft 24. 
 
 1676 William Turner, D. D. (after the Death of Dr 
 Bafire) collated October 30. He was Rector 
 of Stanhope 
 
 1685 John Morton, D D. (after the Death of Dr 
 Turner) collated October 5. He was Pre- 
 bendary of the 1 2th Stall. 
 
 1722 Thomas Sharp, M. A. afterwards D. D. (after 
 the Death of Dr. Morton) collated Feb. 27, 
 1722 He was Prebendary of the tenth 
 Stall. 
 
 1758 Thomas Robinfon, D. D. (after the Death of 
 Dr Sharp) collated in Auguft. He was 
 Vicar of Ponteland, in Northumberland, and 
 Prebendary of Peterborough. He died No- 
 vember 7, 1761. 
 
 1762 John Sharp, D. D. inftalled May 17. He is 
 Vicar of Kartburn, in Northumberland. 
 
 The 
 
County ^/Durham, 123 
 
 The NAMES of the prefent MINOR CANONS, 
 in the Cathedral of Durham. 
 
 Ty EV. Abraham Gregory, M. A. Vicar of AyclifFe, 
 XV Curate of Witton, and Ledturer of St Nicolas', 
 in the City of Durham. 
 
 Rev. Samuel Dennis, M. A. Sacrift, Librarian, Cu- 
 rate of South Shields, and Redtor of Beford, in 
 Holder nefs. 
 
 Rev. John Wheler, B. A. Curate of St Margaret's, 
 in the City of Durham, and of Croxdale, in the 
 County. 
 
 Rev. Ralph Gelfon, B. A. Vicar of Kirk-merrington. 
 
 Rev. Thomas Haye, M. A. Vicar of St Ofwald, in 
 the City of Durham. 
 
 Rev. Jonathan Blanfort, M. A. Vicar of Billingham, 
 in the County of Durham, and Curate of St Ni- 
 colas', in the City. 
 
 Rev. Thomas Drake,- M A. Re&or of St Mary-le- 
 bow, in the City of Durham, and Vicar of Dalton- 
 le-dale, in the County. 
 
 Rev. James Deafon. 
 
 ORGANIST. 
 Mr John Ebdon. 
 
 Aa 
 
124 Description of the 
 
 The NAMES of eminent Men born in the County of 
 
 DURHAH. 
 
 AMONG the many eminent Perfons born In, or 
 inhabiting, this County of Durham, we may re- 
 cord the venerable Bede, mentioned before, born at 
 Girwy, or Jarrow, who, though in the former Part 
 of his Life, he ferved his King and Country in the 
 Capacity of a Soldier, applied himfelf fo effectually to 
 Study, after he entered into Holy Orders, that he was 
 juftly cfteemed the Glory of his Time, and the 
 greateft Scholar of that and many other Ages. . He 
 wrote many Books, as, A Comment upon moft Parts 
 of the Bible, of which he tranflated the Pfalms and 
 New Teftament into Englifh ; The Church Hif- 
 tory of the fix firft Centuries ; A Martyrology, and 
 ieveral other Tracts, which make up eight Volumes, 
 
 John of Darlington, ConfefTor to King Henry III. 
 and afterwards Archbifhop of Dublin, was born at 
 Darlington. 
 
 William Shirewood, made i\rchbi(hop of Roan in 
 the Reign of King Henry III. was a Native of this 
 County. 
 
 Dr John Wickliff, the firft publick Reformer from 
 Popery in King Edward the Third's Days, is faid by 
 Dr Fuller to have been a Native of this Bithoprick. 
 
 Ralph Nevil, Bifliop of Chichefter in the Year 1240. 
 
 Alexander Nevil, Archbiihop of York in the Year 
 *373- 
 
 Robert 
 
County ^/Durham, 125 
 
 Robert Nevil, Bifhop of Durham in the Year 145*6. 
 
 And George Nevil, Archbifhop of York in the Year 
 1470, were all of the fame Family, and defcended 
 of the ancient and noble Family of the Nevils of Raby- 
 cafHe, in this County. 
 
 Sir Richard Empfon, the great Favourite of King 
 
 Henry VII. who with Mr Empfon were fo in- 
 
 ftrumental in filling that King's Treafury, to the great 
 t Difiatisfa&ion of all his Subjects, was born at Shink- 
 lifF, in Ealington Ward* 
 
 Dr Fvobert Horn, Dean of Durham in King Ed- 
 ward the Sixth's Reign, and an Exile in Queen 
 Mary's, who was made Biihop of Winchefter at his 
 Return, by Queen Elizabeth, was a Native of this 
 County, as Bifhop Goodwin tells us, but mentions 
 not the Place. 
 
 Dr Richard Coufins, Dean of the Arches in Queen 
 Elizabeth's Time, was born at Stanhope. 
 
 Dr Thomas Jackfon, a famous Preacher, Vicar of 
 Newcaftle upon Tyne, was born at Witton. 
 
 William Sewer, Bifhop of Durham, fo called be- 
 caufe his Father was a poor Sewer-maker, was born 
 at ShinklifF, in Eafington Ward, near Durham. 
 
 John Heatherfal, who joined with Mr Bernard Gil- 
 pin in founding a Grammar School at Houghton-Ie- 
 fpring, was born at Kepar, near Durham. 
 
 Mr Bernard Gilpin, that eminent Divine in Queen 
 Elizabeth's Days, who for his zealous Preaching was 
 A a 2 Ailed 
 
126 ^Description^ the 
 
 ftiled " The Northern Apo^e,'' was a Minifter in 
 this County, not far from Hough ton-le-fpring. He 
 was offered the Bifhoprick of Carlifle, but refufed it 
 with becoming Modefty, contenting himfelf with his 
 Parfonage, where he enjoyed his beloved Privacy, and 
 did Good to his Neighbours ; and when he died he 
 gave all his Eftate equally between the Poor of his 
 Parifh, and poor Scholars, to be laid out in providing 
 Exhibitions for them at the Univerfity. Mr Ralph 
 Tronfide, Father of Dr Ironfide, late Bifhop of Here- 
 ford, enjoyed one of them. 
 
 Robert Ward, a Popifh Prieft, who difputed with 
 the pious Biftiop and Martyr, Nicholas Ridley, is faid 
 to be born in this County, as was alfo 
 
 Samuel Ward, Matter of Sidney College, in Cam- 
 bridge, in King Charles the Fi'rft's Reign. 
 
 Francis Mofon, who, for his flrenuous Vindication 
 of the Church of England againfl: the Papifts, was 
 frilled " Vindex Ecclcfia^ Anglicanse,'' was alfo born 
 here. 
 
 Colonel John Lilburn, and his Brother Robert, a 
 Colonel likewife, the Sons of Richard Lilburn, Ffq; 
 bufy Mea in the Time of the Great Rebellion, and 
 too much concerned in the Murther of King Charles I. 
 were born at Thickley Puncharden, in Darlington 
 Ward. 
 
 Gfeofge Grey, Efq; Father of Anthony Grey, af- 
 terwards Earl of Kent, a Perfon fo famous for his 
 honourable Behaviour, (for being bred a Scholar, and 
 made Minifter of Barbache, in Leicefterfhire, before 
 the Earldom fell to him, he would never Part with 
 
County ^Durham, 
 
 127 
 
 his Parfonage to his dying Day, but continued there 
 exercifmg his minifterial Function, as though his Ho- 
 nour had made him only better qualified for his good 
 Office) was born at Branfpeth. The late Duke of 
 Kent was Grandfon to this Reverend and Noble Divine. 
 
 Robert Hegge, a famous Mathematician and Hifto- 
 riaa in the Reign of King James I. was born at Dur- 
 ham. 
 
 John Hall, a bufy Man, and a great Writer in the 
 Time of the Rump Parliament, which allowed him 
 a Peafion for his Work, was born at Durham. 
 
 The Rev. Mr Daniel Newcombe,Reftor of the New 
 Church in Sunderland, of which he was the prin- 
 cipal. Architect, and fpent the greateft Part of his In- 
 come in beautifying and adorning it, was born in this 
 County. He began by building a Dome adjoining 
 to the Eaft Side, into which he removed the Altar, 
 placing it under a Canopy of inlaid Work, fupported 
 inJfYont by two fluted Pillars of the Corinthian Ot> 
 den, with proper Capitals. His Benevolence and Cha- 
 rity' were equally ex ten five to all proper Objects of 
 them, for he delighted in doing Good. This worthy 
 Man did not live to fee his New Work to the Church 
 qufite compleated, for he died very much lamented on 
 th'e- fifth of January, 1738, 
 
 WW 
 
 A a £ 
 
 The 
 
128 A Description //^ 
 
 The NAMES of the CASTLES and MANSION- 
 HOUSES belonging to the Nobility and Principal 
 Gentry in this County. 
 
 DURHAM and Auckland Caftles, to the Hon. 
 and Right Rev. Richard Trevor, Lord Biftiop 
 of Durham. 
 
 Lumley Caftle, to the Right Hon. Richard Earl of 
 
 Scarborough. 
 
 Rahy Caftle, to the Pught Hon. Henry Earl of Dar- 
 lington. 
 
 Stella, to Lord Widdringtori. 
 
 Streatlam Caftle and Gibfide, to the Right Hon. John 
 Earl of Strath more. 
 
 Hetton Hall, to the Counted Dowager of Strathrnore, 
 
 Ravenfworth Caftle, to the Right Hon. Henry Lord* 
 
 Ravenfworth. 
 
 Branfpeth Caftle, to Henry Bellafis, Efq; 
 
 Windlefton and Weft-auckland, to Sir John Eden, 
 Bart. 
 
 Whitburn, to Sir Hedworth Wiliiamfon, Bart. High 
 Sheriff for this County. 
 
 Axweli Park, to Sir Thomas Clavering, Bart. 
 
 Whitworth, to Robert Shafto, E% Member of Par- 
 liament for this County. 
 
 Lambton 
 
County Durham, 129 
 
 Lambton Hall, to William Lambton, Efq; 
 
 Newton, to Thomas Liddell, Efq; 
 
 Sherburn, to John Ternpeft, Efq; Member of Parlia- 
 ment for the City of Durham. 
 
 Winyard, to John Ternpeft, jun. Efq; 
 
 Harraton Hall, to General John Lambton, Member of 
 Parliament for the City of Durham. 
 
 Hilton Caftle, to Mrs Bowes. 
 
 Eilimer, to George Baker, Efq; 
 
 Caftle Eden, to Rowland Burdon, Efq; 
 
 Hardwick and Coxhow, to John Burdon, Efq; 
 
 Cocken and St Hek-n-auckland, to Ralph Carr, Efq; 
 
 Greencroft, to George Clavering, Efq; 
 
 North Biddick, to Mifs Davifon. 
 
 Grange, near Darlington, to Mifs Allan. 
 
 Hallowell, to Mrs Reed. 
 
 Hurworth, to James Bland, Efq; 
 
 Binchefter, to Farrer Wren, Efq; 
 
 Newtoncap, to Forfter, Efq; 
 
 Walworth, 
 
130 Description of the 
 
 Walworth, to Matthew Stephenfon, Efq; 
 Low Walworth, to Ralph Jennifon, Efq; 
 Long Newton, to Lionel Vane, Efq; 
 Hardwick by the Sea, to Mrs Mair. 
 Offerton, to Francis Middleton, Efq; 
 
 Harraton, to Robinfon, Efq; 
 
 Hall garth, to Edward Sheperdfon, Efq; 
 Witton Caftle, to John Cuthbert, Efq; 
 Beamifh, to Murton Davifon, Efq; 
 
 Blakefton, to Davifon, Efq; 
 
 Mensforth, to Robert Surtees, Efq; 
 Chefrer Deanry, to Sir Ralph Milbank, Bart, 
 Gatefhead Park, to Henry Ellifon, Eiq; 
 Hebburn Hall, to Cuthbert Ellifon, Efq; 
 Croxhall, to William Salvin, Efq- 
 Ufworth, to William Peareth, Efq; 
 Bradley, to John Simpfon, Efq; 
 Tanfield, to Thomas Dawfon, Efq; 
 
 Boldes 
 
County a/Durham. 131 
 
 Bolden and Whitehoufe, to John Colvil, Efq; 
 
 Felling Hall, to Charles Brandling, Efq; 
 
 Eppleton, to Ralph Gowland, Efq; 
 
 Ryhope, to Matthew Carr, Efq; 
 
 Hendon Lodge, near Sundeiland, to Chriftopher 
 Thompfon Maling, Efq; 
 
 Newfendfide Hail,- near Stanhope, to Cuthbert Ward, 
 Efq; 
 
 Kibblefworth, to Thomas Lewins, Efq; 
 
 Crowhall, to Edward Stuart Clarke, Efq; 
 
 Eggleftone, to William Hutchinfon, Efq; 
 
 Haughton, to Philip Benlowe, Efq; 
 
 Norton, to Gafcoigne Finch, Efq; 
 
 Newbottle, to Ralph Bates, Efq; 
 
 Sunderland Bridge, to Anthony Salvin, Efq; 
 
 High Barns, near Sunderland, to William Ettrick, Efq; 
 
 Afice, to Anthony Hall, Efq; 
 
 Dunfton Hill, to Ralph Carr, Efq; 
 
 Whithill, to John Cookfon, Efq; 
 
 Scotch 
 
132 ^ Description «?/ /i' 
 Scotch Houfe, to John x^ndrew, Efq; 
 Whickham, to Adam Aflcew, Efq; 
 South Biddick, to Nicholas Lambton, Efq; 
 
 Weft Rainton, to Jackfon, Efq; 
 
 Dinfdale, to the Family of the Ronths. 
 
 COURTS 
 
County ^/ Durham. 133 
 
 COURTS held under the Honourable and Right 
 Reverend Father in God Richard Trevor 
 Lord Bljljop of Durham. 
 
 COURT / CHANCERY, 
 
 Sir Jofeph Yates, Chancellor. 
 
 William Lee, Efq; Regifter. 
 
 Mr William Hopper, Deputy. 
 
 Mr Thomas Hugall, Curfitor and Examiner. 
 
 COURT of PLEAS. 
 
 Trevor Borrett, Efq; Prothonotary. 
 Chriftopher Johnfon, Efq; Deputy. 
 
 SHERIFFS and other OFFICERS, 
 
 Sir Hedworth Williamfoii, Bart. High Sheriff. 
 Bowes Grey, Efq; Under Sheriff. 
 Chriftopher Johnfon, Efq; County Clerk. 
 Mr Ralph Hodgfon, Clerk of the Crown. 
 
 The H A L M O T COURT, 
 
 Nicolas Halhead, Efq; Steward. 
 Waddam Windham, Efq; Clerk. 
 Mr Thomas Hugall, Deputy. 
 
 Edward Pearfon, Efq; Auditor. 
 CYvrUlopher Johnfon, Efq; Receiver General. 
 
 SPI- 
 
134 ^ Description of the 
 
 CORONERS. 
 
 Mr Henry Bainbridge, Eafington Ward. 
 Mr Chriftopher Chrifop, Darlington Ward* 
 Mr William Banks, Stockton Ward. 
 Mr John Robfon, Chefter Ward. 
 
 SPIRITUAL COURT. 
 
 Richard Cavendifh, Efq; Spiritual Chancellor, 
 Thomas Gyll, Efq; Surrogate. 
 Ralph Trotter, Efq; Regifter. 
 
 PROCTORS. 
 
 Mr Salkeld Hutchinfon 
 
 Mr Braems Wheler 
 
 Mr Peter Bowlby 
 
 Mr John Hays 
 
 Mr George Wood. 
 
 Mr William Brookes, Apparitor. 
 
 A COURT held under the Honourable and Reve- 
 rend Spencer Cowper, Dean, and the Chap' 
 - ter, in the Chapter Houfe, or Audit Room, in the 
 Cloyjlers. 
 
 Peter Bowlby^ Efq; Regifter. 
 Thomas Hogg, Efq; Deputy Receiver* 
 
County p/Durham, 135 
 
 5^ NAMES efthe ATTORNEY and SOLI- 
 CI TOR GENERALS to the Honourable and 
 Rioht Reverend /fe Bishop c/Durham, 
 
 Sir Fletcher Norton, Attorney General. 
 Thomas Gyll, Efq; Solicitor General. 
 
 Omitted, as Prebendary in the Fifth Stall, after 
 Samuel Terrick, M. A. 
 
 1761 John Moor, D. D. made Canon of Chrift 
 Church, Oxford, in 1763. 
 
 In the Twelfth Stall, after Wadham Knatchbull, &c. 
 
 1757 Samuel Dickens, D. D. collated January 3, in- 
 flailed the 8th, Student of Chrift Church, 
 Chaplain to Bifhop Trevor, Profeffor of 
 Greek in the Univerfity of Oxford, and af- 
 terwards fucceeded Dr Chapman as Official 
 to the Dean and Chapter, removed to the 
 1 1 th Prebend. 
 
 T H fi 
 
fc> 
 
THE 
 
 SUPPLEMENT. 
 
 IN the foregoing Defcription of the County of Dur- 
 ham, by Miilake, we omitted to take Notice of 
 Sedgfield, a well-built Town about ten Miles South 
 Ea(t from Durham, pleafantly fituated in the Midft 
 of a fine, Champain, fertile Country, with a plentiful 
 Market held on Fridays. The Church is a jfpacious 
 Gothick Structure, neatly ornamented on the Jnfide,. 
 and has a large and good Organ. The Living is Qpe 
 of the bed: in England, and its Rector is the Rev. Dr 
 Lowth, the prefent Biihop of Oxford. 
 
 About a Mile to the Weil: of Sedgfield is Hard- 
 wick, the Seat of John Burdon, Efq; It is one of 
 the moil celebrated Places in the North of England, 
 At the upper End of this beautiful Spot of Ground 
 he has erected, at a great Expence, a magnificent: 
 Banqueting Houfe, elegantly decorated, and at the 
 lower Part Hands a (lately Temple, on whofe Roof 
 inwardly are curioufly pictured the Images of various 
 Heathen Deities. The Serpentine River, with the 
 B b 2 Fridge 
 
138 SUPPLEMENT. 
 
 Bridge acrofs it apparently in Ruins, and the Cas- 
 cade below, afford the Eye from the Weft a very 
 agreeable Afpett. People from all Parts are induced 
 to refort hither, in great Numbers, particularly in the 
 Summer Time, to view thefe, and a Variety of other 
 Curiofities, in this delightful Scene. 
 
 About eight Miles North Eaft from Sedgfleld, and 
 nearly about the fame Diftance from Durham (two 
 Miles from the Eaft Sea, or German Ocean) ftands 
 Caftie Eden, the Seat of Rowland Burdon, Efq; Here 
 he has juft finiflied the rebuilding of a very hand- 
 fome Church, at his own Expence, for the better 
 Accommodation of his Tenants with a Place of Divine 
 Worfhip, as he is the fole Proprietor of all the Lands 
 in that Parifh. 
 
 Inour Survey of Sunderland we forgot to take No- 
 tice of a fpacious new Chapel now a building, by 
 Subfcription, and almoft finished under the Infpeftion 
 of Mr John Thornhill, a Gentleman whofe ex ten five 
 Generofity, and great public Spirit, in his Station of 
 Life, cannot be fufficiently admired. 
 
 At the Mouth of the River W^ar, near this Place, 
 is a noble Pier, formerly erefted as a Prefervative, or 
 rather an Improvement of this Haven, and for the 
 Safety of Ships going out, or coming in from Sea ; 
 and to which fome Addition has been fince made : 
 And now k is again under the Confideration of the 
 Commiffioners, for making this River further naviga- 
 bler&c whether it may not be proper to ereft another 
 Pier yet farther into the Sea, in order to caufe a 
 greater Influx of Water into the Harbour. 
 
 It 
 
SUPPLEMENT. 139 
 
 It is alfo proper to acquaint the Reader, that in 
 enumerating the Trades carried on at Barnardcaftle, 
 (See Defcription, &c. Page 5, Line 29) we fliould 
 have mentioned the Woollen Manufactury which is 
 alfo carried on there, in feveral Branches, to great 
 Perfection. 
 
 In fpeaking of the faline and fulphurous Springs 
 at Butterby, near Durham, we fhould have obierved, 
 that in the Summer Time much People refort thitheir 
 to drink thefe Waters, and many receive great Be- 
 nefit from them, particularly Perfons airlifted with 
 the Scurvy. 
 
 We mall alfo add feme fhort Extracts from Dr 
 Wilfon's Spadacrene Dunelmenfis, or Treatife of the 
 Medicinal Fountain, or Vitrioline Spaw, near the City 
 of Durham on the South, fometimes called the Moor 
 Spaw. This wholefome and plentiful Spring, which 
 he calls an ineftimable Treafure of Health to thole 
 who. make Uie of it, arifes in the Midft of a delight- 
 ful Field, in a moft fweet and open Air, naturally 
 accommodated with pleafant and, convenient Walks, 
 and a ftiady Grove adjoining. Tlie Water being 
 (trongly impregnated with Vitriol of Iron, produces 
 wonderful Effects in all cacliectical and- obftinate 
 Difeaies, as the Alkali of the Iron imbibes the A* 
 cidity or Sournefs of the Blood, and confequently 
 dulcifies it. 
 
 To have its due Effect, it muft be drank at die 
 Fountain Head ; for if it be let fraud and fettle any 
 long Time, the Action and confequently the Virtue 
 and Benefit of it ceafes, the acid Spirit being im- 
 
 Bb'3 tibeJ 
 
140 
 
 SUPPLEMENT. 
 
 bibed and drunk up by the, immature Iron or Vitriol 
 thereof. 
 
 When he comes to fpeak of the Virtues of this 
 Spaw, which is indeed the main Defign of his Trea- 
 tife, he tells us that the firft Quality of this Water, 
 as Water, is, that it moiftens and cools, but as it is 
 befriended with a mineral Mixture, it heats and dries, 
 ib that it becomes hereby effeftually prevalent for ac- 
 compli fhing of different Indications, and reducing the 
 Body labouring under even contrary Diftempers to its 
 natural Tone and Conftitution ; Nature herfelf being 
 more prone to help on, being accompanied with an 
 Afiiftant, her own Welfare and Refutation, than to 
 yield to the Aflaults of a definitive Enemy. 
 
 The fecond Quality he afcribes to this Water, is, 
 that' it conquers and gives a total Rout to the moii 
 obftinate Difeafes : For, being powerfully diuretical, 
 ifter ft has attenuated, cut, refolved, and fo altered 
 the Mucus, and tartarous Humours of the Body, and 
 prepared them for Excretion, it then carries them off 
 by Urine, ^fticfi fs the moft fafe and effectual (for 
 fliarp and faline Juices efpecially) of any Sort of Eva- 
 cuation whatever. 
 
 ' This Water alfo thus 'enriched, ferrets out fuch 
 te&eift Paflages, and abflrufe Retirements of the Bowels, 
 and other Parts, as other Medicines cannot reach, and 
 doth not only dHpdflefi what is preternatural of its 
 ufurped Jurifdiftion, but alfo by a corroborative and 
 reinforcive Power, intitles Nature to her former Right 
 <v; Inheritance fo firmly, that nothing but an Aft of 
 o^d Age can cut off the Intail. But if the Body be 
 
 Dot: duly prepared, either naturally or by Art, it will, 
 
 tad; J ; * as 
 
SUPPLEMENT. 141 
 
 as may the beft Purgative, fall fhort of its EfFe£V, 
 and inftead of relieving, poifon the Body, fwell it, 
 and oftentimes caufe it to break out (an accidental 
 Good- turn) into Scabs, and other fordid Impurities 
 of the Skin. 
 
 For preventing this and the like Inconveniences he 
 afterwards gives Directions. In the mean While he 
 fets down inch Difeafes as it both prevents and cures, 
 as Apoplexy, Epiiepfie, Carus, Vertigo, Cephalalgia, 
 Cephalgia, but this only if they be fymptomatical, and 
 depend upon the DifaffecYions of the Stomach, Hypo- 
 chonders, Womb, or other Bowels, as mod of them 
 do. It is good againiT: Difeafes of the Nerves, as 
 Convulfions, Cramps, fcorbutick Palfy, &c. efpeci- 
 ally if they proceed, as they generally do, from fal- 
 nitrpus, vellicating and twitching Humours. It fpeci- 
 fically refpccTs the Stomach, becaufe there the Water 
 partakes both of its . grofler and more fpiritualized 
 Particles, diiTolves all Crudities, the true Original of 
 all ObitrucYions, reft ores a decayed, and advanceth a 
 prefent Appetite to Meat. It opens and ftrengthens 
 the Lungs, and confequently is good againft Afrhmas, 
 and Difficulty of Breathing, provided they be not 
 confumptive who drink it. The like it doth to the 
 Liver, Spleen, Mefentery, and Pancreas, difpelling 
 therefrom all Hypocondriacal Winds, and melancholy 
 Vapours, which are become our Epidemical Difeafes; 
 as alfo the Palpitation of the Heart, which commonly 
 arifes from the aforefaid Flatulencies and Winds. It 
 helps to cure the Dropfy, Black and Yellow Jaundice, 
 Rickets and Scurvy, by being brifkly operative, and 
 purifying the Blood by Urine. It cures the Gonorrhea, 
 Diarrhea, DifTentery, and fuch-like Fluxes of the Ab- 
 domen. It openeth the Suppreffion of Urine, and 
 
 carries 
 
142 SUPPLEMENT. 
 
 carries off it conjunct Caufes, allays its Sharpnefs, and 
 expels fuch Gravel and Stones as either the Ureters or 
 Urethra can difcharge ; and when any Ulceration 
 happens in the Paflage of Urine, caufing piffing of 
 Blood, it confolidates and heals it perfectly . It 13 
 exceeding good againft rnoft of the Diftempers of 
 the Womb, fupprefling all Overflowings thereof, as 
 well the White, as the Red, procures the menftruous 
 Purgations, and by its Tenuity of Parts and pene- 
 trating Faculty cures the Chlorofis, or Green Sicknefs, 
 and confequently changeth that cacheclical Colour 
 in the Habit of the Body into a florid and rofy Com- 
 plexion. It much helpeth the Mother, often makes 
 the Barren fruitful ; and in various Cafes may be fuc- 
 cefsfully ufed by Way of Infeffion, or Injeclion, for 
 then it acts more immediately upon the Part af- 
 fected. It is good for fuch as bleed often, and 
 It infallibly cures thofe who are troubled with a 
 Pricking and Itching in the Skin, with Lumps arifinp- 
 thence, by Urine and inftnfible Tranfpiration alf<£ 
 in Cafe they exercife whilft they drink it, till they be 
 pretty warm, but not till they fweat, as he fays he 
 has often experienced. If it be dropt into the Eyes, 
 it quells the Inflammation, and ftrengthens the Sight! 
 Moreover it is peculiarly good for all Wounds, Ul- 
 cers, Itch, Sores, Scabs, being both drank and out- 
 wardly applied, infomuch that divers inveterate and 
 malign Ulcers in the Legs and elfewhere have been 
 cured, nay even the King's Evil itfelf much relieved, 
 thereby. 
 
 Briefly, faith he, I know no Di ftemper in the Body 
 which arifes from Qbftru&ions, or acid fharp griping 
 Humours, which it does not relieve; and what is 
 rnoft praife- worthy, it ftrengthens the Parts after the 
 
 mor- 
 
SUPPLEMENT. 143 
 
 morbifick Matter is removed. How far and how fafely 
 this Water may be ufed by Children, old People, and 
 Women with Child, he refers to Dr French and Dr 
 Wittie's Books on the Spaws, and other Animadver- 
 fions thereon. In a W r ord, he fays, for Children and 
 old People, that if their Temper and Confutations be 
 other wife good, they may fafely drink thereof, pro- 
 portionably to their Vigour and Strength of natural 
 Heat ; but for Women with Child, for fome impor- 
 tant Reafons, he would advife them to forbear. 
 
 He then proceeds to give Dire&i ons concerning the 
 rational and methodical Ufe of this Spaw, and f.iys 
 that it is a vulgar and unpardonable Error to drink 
 this Water without a due Preparation of the Body, 
 therefore let every one, who experts the true Benefit 
 of it, confult fome able and honeft Phyfician ; fuch 
 an one as can judge aright of the Age and Conftitu- 
 tion of the Patient, the Nature of the Difeafe, its 
 Motion, and the Strength both of the Party and the 
 Medicine. Such an one will furely direft fome gentle 
 Vomit, in Cafe the Stomach be foul, and the Patient 
 hath an Inclination to puke, otherwife fome Cathar- 
 tick, fuch at leaft as may cleanfe the firfc Paflages, 
 and remove fuch vifcous and vicious Matter as may 
 either hinder the Water from getting into the Parts 
 affedted, or that may be carried along therewith into 
 the narrower PalTages and nobler Parts, and there 
 produce ftronger and mor& dangerous ObftrufHons, 
 Dropfies, Tenlions, Gripings, &c. Yet if any Pur- 
 gation in general may be recommended, he would 
 prefer the chewing of Rhubarb, or in Cafe this fhould 
 difguft, then fome other hydragogical Medicine. The 
 Body thus prepared, let the Patient drink chearfully 
 about three Half-pint GlafTes at a Time., more or Jcfs 
 
 a:; 
 
144 SUPPLEMENT. 
 
 as his Stomach ran bear it, then exercife according 
 to his Strength for a Quarter of an Hour or there- 
 abouts, avoiding all fuch Exercife as may caufe him 
 to fweat, for by fweating the Water may be drawn 
 into the Habit of the Body, and produce the Dropfy, 
 called Anafarca. Whilft he walks, or rides, &c. he 
 in lift eat fome Orange Chips, Caraway Confers, Ci- 
 tron or Limon Pill, or chiefly Elicampanc Root can- 
 died ; for thefe comfort the Stomach, promote the 
 Water's PafTage, and make its Operation more effec- 
 tual. When he finds his Stomach fomewhat emptied, 
 . then let him take three or four more Glafles, exerciiing 
 as before, and fo on till he hath taken his full Dofe, 
 which will be when his Stomach cannot eafily receive 
 any more without Vomiting, Oppreffion, or naufeating 
 the fame. The next Day he may advance to one, two, 
 or three GlalTes more than he took the firft Day, and 
 fo every Day more till he arrives at a Pottle or three 
 Qaarts, more or lei a, according as his Difeafe requires 
 and his Stomach can pafs it off, and then ftand at that 
 . Quantity till he thinks of giving it over ; and then as 
 he increafed daily at the Beginning, fo muft he de- 
 creafe and le(Ten his Dofe till he comes to the fame 
 Quantity he began with. The Time of continuing 
 its drinking muft be proportioned to the Nature of 
 the Difeafe ; for fome, two Weeks, for fome three, for 
 others a Month or more, may be neceflary : During 
 all which Time it will be requtfite to take tome thing 
 to keep the Body fpluble. If any, by Reafon of 
 Weaknefs, can neither exercife nor come to the Spaw, 
 let him drink it in Bed, theWarmth of which will com- 
 penfate the Benefit received by Exercife. Now though 
 this Water may of itfelf in a great Meafure do good 
 in moft Difeafes, yet for rendering it more fuccefsful 
 in fome p;irticular Cafes, it will be convenient often- 
 times 
 
SUPPLEMENT. 145 
 
 times to take fuch other Things as the Difeafe fpcci- 
 fically requires, and thefe may be intermixed with 
 the firfr two or three GlafTes, as fome Steel-Wine, 
 or other Preparation of it, in Cafe of great Obflruc- 
 lions, or other Difeafes of the Liver ; but then no 
 more Water is to be taken for about Half an Hour 
 after; nay, he altogether admits of Sugar or fome 
 opening Syrrup in the firfr. Glafs, as it will thereby 
 be accelerated to the Liver ; as alfo a Glafs of White 
 or Rheniih W T ine mixed with three or four GlafTes of 
 the Water, or fome Drops of Spirit of Salt or Vitriol, 
 or Chryftals cf Tartar, lb that they be made of Tar- 
 tar, and not of Allum. All thefe, faith he, and fuch- 
 like, b eing piercing and attenuating, make Way for 
 the fpeedy and free Conveyance of the Water, and of 
 themlelves contribute much to fome Cures. 
 
 After you have drank all you intend, you mull then 
 be fure to ule fome hydragogical Medicine, or fuch 
 as evacuateth waterifh Humours, which for the moll: 
 Part remain in the abftrufe Crannies of the Body, as 
 alfo fuch Things as cool and moiften the Bowels, 
 otherwife they may partake too much of the poten- 
 tial Virtue of this Chalybeate Water, being hot and 
 dry, and thence get fore Eyes ; and other Inflamma- 
 tions, as I myfelf, faith he, have experienced. Be- 
 fore you drink the Water, every Morning, eale Nature 
 of her ordinary Excrements, either naturally or by 
 Art. Thofe who have ftrong Digeftions may drink 
 Half the Quantity in the Afternoon, about four or 
 five Hours after Dinner, but then they muft eat little 
 or nothing at Supper. Others had better forbear. 
 
 If ajaj' one finds himfelf, after due Preparation and 
 Lveroi Trials, no: able to drink the Water without 
 
 Re- 
 
1^6 
 
 SUPPLEMENT. 
 
 Reluctancy and Oppreffion, let him forbear, and 
 have Recourfe to other Remedies more agreeable to 
 his Conftitution. 
 
 He concludes his Treatife with Directions refpeft- 
 ing the Patient's Diet, and the Time for drinking it, 
 and fays, though a regular Diet be at ail Times com- 
 mendable, and of great Concern, efpecially when we 
 are under any Courfe of Phyfick for repairing Health, 
 yet I approve not, fays he, of being fo exactly fcru- 
 pulous as many are, cither in directing or obferving 
 fo precife and narrow a Compafs of Diet. The only 
 Fear is that of Excefs. The Quantity is much more 
 confiderable than the Quality, and the rather, be- 
 caufe the Water in moft, if not in all who drink it, 
 begets a devouring Appetite, fo that Men are apt to 
 cat more than they can well digeft, and thence arife 
 Crudities and Corruption, inftead of ConcocYion and 
 Chylification. A temperate Diet both prevents and cures 
 many Difeafes, and is the chief Medium we have for 
 a lafting and pofTibly an everlafling Life : Hence the 
 Italians fay, " Manger molto e manger poro/" He 
 who defires to eat much muft eat little ; for by eat- 
 ing little he lives long, and confequently eats much. 
 
 All Things that are of laudable Juice and eafy Di- 
 geftion he allows, and only forbids Meats too much 
 falted, Geefe, Eels, Salmon, and all Sorts of Fat ; and 
 in fine, all fuch Things as are found to be difagree- 
 able to the Temper and ConfHtution of the Patient : 
 But if otherwife Nature takes Delight in a Meat, 
 though not altogether proper for the difeafed Perfon, 
 yet it is allowable ; therefore Hipp, in his 38 Aphor. 
 1. 2. affirmeth, Paulo pejor, fed fuavior cibus & potus 
 meliori quidarn, fed ingrato prcferendus. Sometimes 
 
 we 
 
SUPPLEMENT. 147 
 
 we muft permit Meat and Drink, though not fo pro- 
 per in the Difeafe, if otherwife it be grateful. His 
 Drink muft alfo be fuited to the Stomach and Temper 
 of the Patient. Cold Stomachs may drink ftrong Ale, 
 or Sack. Hotter and ftronger Stomachs muft be con- 
 tent with frnaller Beerage, and diluted Wine. 
 
 'Tis not good to eat any Thing, till the Water be 
 moftly, if not altogether, patted through the Body, 
 which may be beft known by the Colour of the Urine, 
 changing from a Pale to an higher Tincture. In 
 fhort, he advifes every one never to eat fo much as 
 his Appetite may crave, but, as we commonly fay, to 
 leave off with a Stomach. 
 
 As to the Time and Seafon of the Year for drink- 
 ing thefe Waters, 'tis certainly then beft, generally 
 fpeaking, when the Weather is hotteft and drieft ; 
 and that commonly is in Jane, July, and Anguft. 
 Indeed the Ground adjacent to this Spaw is fo formed 
 (as being a Declivity) that the Rain glides off with- 
 out finking much into it, confequently the Water 
 may be drank in rainy Weather, without any appa- 
 rent Diminution of its Virtue. The Water before 
 Sun-rife, has been obferved to be inclined to Luke- 
 warmnefs, which after two or three Hours of folar 
 Influence becomes brifkly cold, which Alteration is 
 doubtlefs from the ConftricYion or Dilatation of the 
 Pores of the Earth, locking up or ventilating the fu- 
 liginous Vapours, accordingly as the Coldncfs of the 
 Night or Heat of the Sun difpofeth them ; and there- 
 fore 'tis propereft to drink it after the Sun, by its 
 Luftre and Beams has diffipated thofe Vapours, and 
 enlivened the mineral Spirits. 
 
 FINIS. 
 
V,» #1% — -.- -.- -.- -.- -j- -.- -j- -j- - - j 
 
 -Hp 1 
 j- 
 
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