EX BIBLIOTHECA 
 FRANCES A. YATES 
 
Digitized by the Internet Archive 
 in 2014 
 
 https://archive.org/details/whitneyschoiceofOOwhit 
 
WHITNEY'S 
 
 "CHOICE OF EMBLEMES," 
 
MANCHESTER : 
 Printed by Charles Simms and Co. King-street. 
 
WHITNEY'S 
 
 "CHOICE OF EMBLEMES." 
 
 A FAC-SIMILE REPRINT. 
 
 EDITED BY 
 
 HENRY GREEN, M. A. 
 
 WITH 
 
 AN INTRODUCTORY DISSERTATION, 
 ESSAYS LITERARY AND BIBLIOGRAPHICAL, 
 AND EXPLANATORY NOTES. 
 
 LONDON: Lovell Reeve & Co. 
 CHESTER: Minshull & Hughes. NANTWICH: E. H. Griffiths. 
 
 M.DCCC.LXVI. 
 
itiJ sotfielg fje fiat^e tafeen bpon f)gm," the reprint 
 "of ti)t!3 present ISofee negtfjer for fjope of res 
 toarfce not lato&e of man: tut onelg for t$e 
 fjolsome tnstruccton commoogte an!) ooctrgne of 
 togsoome." 
 
 Alexander Barclay, a.d. 1509. 
 
TO 
 
 THE MOST HONOURABLE 
 
 THE MARQUESS OF CHOLMONDELEY ; 
 
 TO 
 
 THE NOBILITY AND GENTRY OF CHESHIRE, 
 
 GEFFREY WHITNEY'S NATIVE COUNTY; 
 AND TO 
 
 THE SUBSCRIBERS GENERALLY: 
 
 THIS REPRINT OF " THE CHOICE OF EMBLEMES " 
 IS DEDICATED, 
 IN GRATEFUL TESTIMONY OF THE ENCOURAGEMENT 
 WHICH ENABLED THE EDITOR TO REPRODUCE 
 A FAC-SIMILE EXEMPLAR 
 OF THE OLD LITERATURE OF ENGLAND. 
 
VICTORIA EX LABORE 
 
 HONESTA, ET VTILIS. 
 
 " Victory, achieved by Labour, honourable and -useful." 
 
 Constanter et syncere. 
 
 The Badge, Motto and Autograph of Geffrey Whitney. 
 
TO THE READER. 
 
 EMORIALS of the Elizabethan culture, 
 like mansions in the style of the Eliza- 
 bethan architecture, would soon be 
 passing away, were it not that they are 
 reproduced from time to time, and re- 
 instated in the interest and perchance in 
 the regard of the literary world. When 
 a work curious and instructive, if not of 
 high value, has almost perished from the 
 ravages of age, no disservice can it be to literature to rescue it 
 from impending oblivion and offer it again to public notice. The 
 inheritance which has come to us from a renowned ancestry is 
 thus maintained in honour, and a restoration though it be only 
 of a summer-house in a pleasure-garden, or of an oratory where 
 by succeeding generations prayer was wont to be made, betokens 
 as much reverence and love towards the illustrious dead, as if we 
 had power to inscribe their names in the world's pantheon or to 
 raise some monument of grandeur that would endure for ages. 
 Whitney's own ideas are in fact so carried out : 
 
 " For writinges last when wee bee gonne, and doe preserue our name." 
 
 The work of restoration and of illustration now attempted for 
 Whitney's Emblems was entered upon with a love for it, as well 
 as from a desire to make the emblem literature of the sixteenth 
 century more known ; and it may be that such love may have 
 covered a multitude of sins in the Author's style and mode both 
 of thought and expression ; but in stating the simple fact that 
 his labours have been lightened and repaid by the liking which 
 he had for them, the editor does not wish a single fault to be 
 condoned. The themes here pursued have seldom if ever been 
 treated of to the same extent or in the manner adopted, — and 
 the probability is that some errors have been fallen into which 
 further researches will rectify, and that inquiries have been left 
 unattempted which are needed for the true appreciation of the 
 subject. To place his readers as far as he can on the vantage 
 ground both for judging his labours and for following them out 
 to greater perfectness, the editor presents a full general Index as 
 
vi 
 
 To the Reader. 
 
 well as several special Indices, and has in most cases been scru- 
 pulous to name and quote his authorities. This apparatus will 
 render the work of greater service to literary men. 
 
 So far as is ascertained no similar work exists, and though 
 very incomplete as a history outside of the period which it 
 embraces and of the special object to which it is devoted, it will 
 supply the student and the general reader with information 
 respecting emblem books and authors not easily accessible, and 
 will enable him, if so disposed, to arrive at other stores of know- 
 ledge on the same subject. Some of the volumes consulted 
 are of great rarity and to be found only in choice and richly- 
 furnished libraries. For this reason, instead of a simple reference 
 the titles themselves are photo-lithographically exhibited, and 
 one or more pages of the devices in each emblem-book which 
 Whitney adopted are also given in fac-simile. This feature of 
 the work the editor trusts will be very useful to those readers 
 who have not opportunities for consulting the old emblematists, 
 or who may desire to see what they really are. 
 Phiiothei A writer of the sixteenth century, Hachtenburg of Francfort, 
 Symb. chnst i£ ) jj > assures us with much positiveness of expression, "Not one 
 in a hundred can produce a really good emblem ; not one in a 
 thousand is competent to pass judgment upon the emblems of 
 others." This sentiment is repeated not in depreciation of any 
 '%. ' opinion on the editor's share in this reprint and on the essays 
 
 and notes with which it is accompanied, — but as an occasion to 
 remind readers that a fac-simile by the photo-lithographic pro- 
 cess is very different from that by the engraver's art and skill. 
 The burin can retouch what is defective in the original, — can 
 heighten the beauty and conceal the blemishes and yet preserve 
 an identity of outline and character, — but the sun-light, the lens, 
 and the camera reproduce without correction or adornment ; if 
 the original be worn and faded, — worn and faded is the copy ; 
 as the presses of Rome, Venice, Paris, Lyons, Basle, and Antwerp 
 left their work three centuries since, — exactly so does it reap- 
 pear ; and this constitutes the defect as well as the excellence of 
 photo-lithography in the printing of books. 
 
 The skill and pains bestowed by the various artists on the 
 volume now in the reader's hands call for the editor's expression 
 of approval. The stone has been made to give back the images, 
 the letters and forms which the sunlight had drawn from the old 
 
To the Reader. 
 
 vii 
 
 pages set before it. To Mr. Brothers are due the photographs 
 and their preparation, and to Mr. HARRISON the impressions 
 themselves ; the embellished capitals and other woodcuts are by 
 Mr. Morton, and the letter-press printing is the work of Messrs. 
 Charles Simms & Co. 
 
 No more need I say than to express the hope that the study 
 of the Emblem literature may be revived,^ — and other similar 
 works find a similar republication. 
 
 These lines, the last as I imagined of this work, had been 
 written and printed, and the proof awaited only revision ere my 
 editorial labours would be ended, when, on the 14th of February 
 1866, I received some further information of high interest 
 respecting the author, to which I ought at least to allude, 
 especially as it comes from an American branch of the family, 
 which under their ancestor, John Whitney, settled in New Eng- 
 land so long ago as April 1635. His descendant, Henry Austin 
 Whitney esq., of Boston, U. S. A., writes to me from the Hague, 
 February 5 th, 1866 : 
 
 " I was exceedingly gratified and surprised to-day, during a 
 visit to Leyden, to find that you had carried into effect what has 
 for several years been one of my dreams, — the re-production of 
 Whitney's emblems in fac-simile. My only regret is that the 
 work has probably so far progressed that you will not be able to 
 make use of one or two items relating to our author which it is in 
 my power to furnish." " The most important of my collections 
 is the Will of Geffrey Whitney, of which I have a copy in Boston. j-°^ pa p;^ ith 
 It is quite curious and important as settling the date of the pp- Hv. and w. 
 
 x 0 Also p. lxxxm. 
 
 writers death, 1603 or 4, I think. In the testament, if I recol- 
 lect rightly, he gives his library of Latin books to his nephew the See Emb. P . 88, 
 
 ri • i t-. 1 ttti • ■%• • 111 and Intro. Diss. 
 
 son of his brother Brooke Whitney, 'on condition that he become xiv. and xivii. 
 a scholar.'" 
 
 Mr. H. A. Whitney then informs me that he has a large collec- 
 tion of materials relating to the Whitneys of different counties, 
 some portion of which would explain who Robert Whitney is, See introd. Diss. 
 
 * ~. ' pp. xxxvm. 
 
 referred to by me, and would also give data relating to Geffrey 
 Whitney, our author's cousin, " Merchant Tailor of London." Emb. n.m s 
 
 J ' Intro. Diss. 
 
 He sought out what escaped my inquiries in July last, — the p- xlvii 
 original manuscript Catalogue of the Students at the University 
 of Leyden, and in the General Index found " Godf. Whitnens" Vol. i. 1575-1616. 
 with reference to p. 187 of the same volume, "where appears this 
 
viii 
 
 To the Reader. 
 
 Compare with entry: 'Anno 1586, Mar Hi 1. Godfridus Whitneus, Junior, 
 jss. P . iv. ^ n gj m > » 'pkjg un d ou btedly refers to our author, who, for several 
 pages, is the only Englishman recorded. 
 
 The same letter also remarks : " On a trip of pleasure through 
 Amsterdam to Paris, I resolved to make a brief visit to Leyden, 
 not only as a place of peculiar interest to a native of New Eng- 
 land, but in order to satisfy myself on one or two points relating 
 to the author of the Emblems. In pursuance of my purpose I 
 sought the University, and on making known the object of my 
 inquiries, the librarian, M. Du Rieu, stated that Mr. Green was 
 in Leyden about July last in quest of similar information. He 
 at once kindly showed me the specimen sheets of your new 
 edition, and I had just time to glimpse at the interesting and 
 satisfactory essay read before the Cheshire Archaeological Society. 
 I was, I assure you, pleased to find that I have been so ably and 
 thoroughly anticipated, and can now only regret that I had not 
 known of your undertaking in October last, before leaving home, 
 as it would have been my pleasure to have placed at your dis- 
 posal whatever material was at my command." 
 
 So courteous and valuable an expression of regard for the 
 labours I have been engaged in and brought to a conclusion, I 
 acknowledge with the highest respect and under a deep sense of 
 obligation, for the true liberality of feeling which dictated it ; and 
 I stop the press to add that should Mr. Henry Austin Whitney 
 resolve on offering to the world the information respecting Geffrey 
 Whitney which is in his possession, I shall most cheerfully give 
 him every facility in my power for communicating with my 
 subscribers. Possibly an Appendix to this fac-simile reprint 
 might satisfy the conditions of the case and supply the admirers 
 of emblem literature with the additional materials. I regret if 
 my own labours interfere with those of one who by position and 
 kinsmanship to the author had a superior claim over mine to be 
 editor of "The Choice of Emblemes." He will not however object 
 that in the breast of a stranger there has been kindled the admi- 
 ration which in himself was a natural feeling of affection towards 
 a writer who nearly three hundred years ago bore and adorned 
 the Whitney name. 
 
 February 19th, 1866. 
 
TABLE OF CONTENTS. 
 
 Pages 
 
 Title-page, Dedication, &c i-viii<5 
 
 Introductory Dissertation. 
 Chap. I. Emblem Literature. 
 
 Sect. i. Nature of Emblems ix-xiii 
 
 Sect. 2. Early Emblem-books and their introduction 
 
 into English Literature xiii-xix 
 
 Sect. 3. English Emblem-books, a.d. 1586 to 1686. xix-xxiii 
 
 Sect. 4. Extent and Decline of Emblem Literature... xxiii-xxv 
 Chap. II. Memoir and Writings of Geffrey Whitney. 
 Sect. 1. Estimation in which he was held : notices 
 
 and criticism xxvi-xxxv 
 
 Sect. 2. The Whitneys of Herefordshire and Cheshire xxxv-lv 
 Sect. 3. The Writings of Whitney ; some estimate of 
 
 their worth , lv-Ixxiv 
 
 Index to the Mottoes, with Translations, and some Pro- 
 verbial Expressions lxxv-lxxx 
 
 Postscript to the Introductory Dissertation Ixxxi-lxxxviii 
 
 The Photo-lithographic Reprint of Whitney's "Choice of 
 Emblemes." 
 
 Title-page, Frontispiece, Dedication, &c [ I-2 °] 
 
 Part I. containing 112 Emblems and 31 Dedications ... 1-104 
 
 Part II. containing 135 Emblems and 61 Dedications... 105-230 
 
 Plan tin's Device, &c [2] 
 
 Essays Literary and Bibliographical. 
 
 Essay I. Subjects and Sources of the Mottoes and Devices. 
 Sect. 1. General view. Devices not traced to other 
 Emblematists, — and those simply suggested 
 
 by them -. 231-243 
 
 Sect. 2. Devices struck off from the same wood-blocks, 
 
 and therefore identical 243-252 
 
 Essay II. Obsolete Words in Whitney, with parallels 
 chiefly from Chaucer, Spenser, and Shake- 
 speare 253-265 
 
Table of Contents. 
 
 Pages 
 
 Essay III. Biographical Notices of the printers Plantin 
 and Rapheleng, and of the Emblem-writers 
 
 to whom Whitney was indebted 266-292 
 
 Essay IV. Shakespeare 's References to Emblem-books, 
 
 and to Whitney 's Emblems in particular .. . 293-312 
 Explanatory Notes, Literary and Biographical. 
 
 Sect, i containing the first Part, from title-page to page 
 
 104 3«3-346 
 
 Sect. 2 containing the second Fart, from page 105 to page 
 
 330 347-400 
 
 Addenda 401-412 
 
 Index to Illustrative Plates and other Illustrations 413-414 
 
 Seventy-two Illustrative Plates, containing eighty-seven titles, 
 
 devices, &c, numbered from 1 to 63 [88] 
 
 General Index 415-433 
 
 Emblema Finale 434 
 
 List of Subscribers 435~439 
 
 " Per cacitm videi omnia ptindum." 
 
INTRODUCTORY DISSERTATION. 
 
 CHAPTER I, 
 
 EMBLEM LITERA TURE. 
 
 SECTION I. — Nature of Emblems. 
 
 EFFREY WHITNEY, in defining, as See his Address 
 
 , . , , to the Reader. 
 
 he does very accurately, the nature of 
 Emblems, assigns to them almost their 
 strictly literal meaning, as ornaments 
 placed upOn any surface, or inlaid, so as 
 to form a pattern or device. He says : 
 "The worde being in Greeke ifAfidWeadai, 
 vel i7r€/u,/3Xrjadai, is as muche to saye in 
 Englishe as To set in, or To put in : pro- 
 perlie ment by suche figures or workes, as are wroughte in 
 plate, or in stones in the pauementes, or on the waules, or suche 
 like, for the adorning of the place : hauinge some wittie deuise 
 expressed with cunning woorkemanship, somethinge obscure to 
 be perceiued at the first, whereby, when with further considera- 
 tion it is vnderstood, it maie the greater delighte the behoulder." 
 So, the article Emblema, by James Yates, M.A., defines the 
 
 word as denoting; "an inlaid ornament," and, applies it to works Smith's Diet. gi<. 
 
 to •, , and Rom - Ant - 
 
 resembling " our marquetry, buhl, and Florentine mosaics," and 2 "d ed. P . 456. 
 
 to " those in which crusts (crustce) exquisitely wrought in relief 
 and of precious metals, such as gold, silver, and amber, were fas- 
 tened upon the surface of vessels or other pieces of furniture." 
 
 Spenser appears to have such work in view, when he describes 
 " a throne of gold full bright and sheene :" 
 
 b 
 
X 
 
 Introductory Dissertation. 
 
 Faerie Queene, " Adorned all with gemmes of endlesse price, 
 
 As either might for wealth have gotten beene, 
 Or could be fram'd by workman's rare device ; 
 And all embost with lyons and with flourdelice." 
 And when Shakespeare sets forth the coronation of " The good- 
 liest woman," Anne Bullen, he avers : 
 Hen. viii. act "She had all the royal makings of a queen ; 
 
 iv sc i 1 87 > 
 
 As holy oil, Edward Confessor's crown, 
 
 The rod, and bird of peace, and all such emblems 
 
 Laid nobly on her." 
 
 Syntagma de An early commentator on Emblem-books, Claude Mignault, 
 S™' per in 1574, endeavours to establish a distinction between emblems 
 Antv. 1 J81, p. 13. and symbols, which " many persons," he affirms, "rashly and igno- 
 rantly confound together. The force of the emblem depends 
 upon the symbol, but they differ as man and animal ; the latter 
 has a more general meaning, the former a more special. All 
 men are animals, but all animals are not men ; so all emblems 
 are symbols, tokens, or signs, but all symbols are not emblems : 
 the two possess affinity indeed, but not identity." 
 
 We shall form, however, a sufficiently correct notion on this 
 subject, if we conclude, that any figure engraven, embossed, or 
 drawn, — -any moulding, or picture, the implied meaning of which 
 is something additional to what the actual delineation represents, 
 is an emblem. Some thought or fancy, some sentiment or saying 
 is portrayed, and the portraiture constitutes an emblem. Thus 
 hieroglyphics, heraldic badges, significant carvings, and picture 
 writings, are emblems ; besides the forms, or devices, visibly de- 
 lineated, they possess secret meanings, and shadow forth, or line 
 forth sentiments, feelings, or proverbial truths. 
 
 Naturally and easily the term emblem became applicable to 
 any painting, drawing, or print that was representative of an 
 action, of a quality of mind, or of any peculiarity or attribute of 
 character. Emblems in fact were, and are, a species of hiero- 
 glyphics, in which the figures or pictures, besides denoting the 
 natural objects to which they bear resemblances, were employed 
 to express properties of the mind, virtues and abstract ideas, and 
 all the operations of the soul. 
 
 Excepting in the Sacred Scriptures, the earliest account we 
 have of a work of emblematic art is the description which Homer 
 
Introductory Dissertation. 
 
 xi 
 
 gives, so graphically, of the forging by Vulcan of a shield for iiiad, xviu. 
 
 Achilles. It is solid and large, decorated all over ; round it is a 7 ° 7 ' 
 
 shining rim, triple, like marble bright, and from it a silver belt : 
 
 on the shield itself there were five tablets, and for it many figures 
 
 of skilful workmanship. Hesiod also, though not with equal i>? e i4i°3, 7 ieslod ' 
 
 beauty, gives a similar description of the shield of Hercules ; 
 
 and the two find imitators in Virgil, when the shield of ^Eneas is 615-73 1.™ 1 ' 
 
 spoken of as a specimen of artistic power. 
 
 But a work, truly emblematical, is presented so early as about 
 400 years B.C. : it is The Tablet of Cebes, a disciple of Socrates. 
 Of the numerous editions, between 1497 and our own day, we 
 give the title-page of one, which to the original Greek adds a See Plate 1 
 translation both into Latin and Arabic, and which also contains 
 a pretty emblematical device of the printer, " Fac et spera," Work 
 and hope. The Tablet itself is a philosophical description of a 
 picture which, it is said, was set up in the temple of Kronos at 
 Athens or at Thebes, and which presents a symbolical view of 
 Human Life — of its temptations and dangers, and of the course 
 to be persevered in to attain the mansions of blessedness. The 
 persons, characters and circumstances are drawn in so clear and 
 lively a manner as to have furnished to the celebrated Dutch 
 designer and engraver, Romyn de Hooghe, sufficient guidance 
 for delineating the whole story of Human Life as narrated to P1 *te in. 
 the Grecian sage. • 
 
 Of Cebes himself we need only say that he was cotemporary 
 with Parrhasius the painter, Euclid of Megara, and Lysias the 
 orator. Xenophon ranks him among the few intimate friends of Memorabilia, 
 Socrates who excelled the rest in the innocency of their lives ; 
 and Plato names him as "intimate and friendly with us all," and Epistle ij. 
 characterizes him in the Phcedon as a sagacious investigator of 
 truth, never yielding his assent without convincing reasons. 
 
 The Hieroglyphics of Horapollo, or Horus Apollo, of which P'^te 11. 
 the title-page to the Paris edition of 15 51 is given in Plate II, is 
 professedly written in the language of ancient Egypt, and was 
 translated into Greek towards the end of the fifth century, in the 
 time of the emperor Zeno. It is certainly a book of emblems, 
 and probably the most ancient we possess. With the emblem 
 writers of the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries it obtained high 
 authority, and undoubtedly served them for guidance ; but very 
 
 b2 
 
xii 
 
 Introductory Dissertation. 
 
 Smith's Diet. Gk. 
 and Rom. Biog. 
 vol. H. pp. 517- 
 Si8. 
 
 Kenrick's Anc. 
 Egypt, vol. i. pp. 
 288-190. 
 
 Plate XXIII. 
 
 Horapollo, ed. 
 1551, PP. 219- 
 
 222. 
 
 contradictory opinions are entertained of the work in the present 
 day : some maintaining that the writer " was a native of Egypt," 
 and that he was " a person who knew the monuments well, and 
 had studied them with care ;" others averring that " his authority 
 as an interpreter is in itself worth nothing," and " that the power 
 of reading a hieroglyphical inscription was not possessed by him, 
 if it existed in his time." * 
 
 It may here be observed that the symbols on the dedication- 
 page of this fac-simile reprint of Whitney are taken from one 
 of the emblems of Achilles Bocchius, edition 1574, who names 
 them Egyptian letters ; but on Samuel Sharpe's very competent 
 authority I learn, they may be Gipsy marks, but are not true 
 Egyptian signs. Taking them for what they are worth, I never- 
 theless find the eye symbolical of Deity ; the lamp-burning, of 
 life ; the lamp-extinguished, of the soul freed from the body ; the 
 ox's-head, of labour ; and the spindle, of the thread of life. A 
 Horapoiio, bk. feather and a laurel-branch, also occurring in the dedication-page, 
 1551, pp. 178 and are hieroglyphics, according to Horapollo, and have a meaning. 
 
 The others, which remain unexplained, doubtless were signifi- 
 cant to Achilles Bocchius, and would be to ourselves could we 
 but obtain his key. 
 
 Whitney (as at p. 126) and the other emblematists not unfre- 
 quently had recourse to the descriptions in Horapollo. One of his 
 hieroglyphics we have had figured ; it is the swan, — to symbolize 
 old age loving music, — the reason assigned being, " because this 
 bird when it is old sends forth its sweetest melody." 
 
 Coins and medals, the crests and cognizances of heraldry, the 
 flower-language of Persian and Hindoo maidens, the picture- 
 writing of the Mexicans, and the tree-and-tomahawk newspapers 
 of the North American Indians, — all would require full notice 
 as instances of emblem art, were we attempting more than a 
 sketch. 
 
 A very brief statement will suffice to point out how they fur- 
 
 Platejl. 
 
 Horapollo, bk. ii. 
 39, ed. 1551, 
 p. 136. 
 
 Eschenberg's 
 Manual, by 
 Fiske, pp. 313, 
 349, 375- 
 
 Kenrick's Anc. * " The only ancient author who has left us a correct and full account of the princi- 
 ^ SWf' vo1 - '■ pie of the Egyptian writing is the learned Alexandrian father, Clemens, who wrote 
 towards the end of the second century after Christ." So testifies John Kenrick. And 
 whoever desires to read a brief yet admirably clear account of modern discoveries 
 respecting the meaning of the Egyptian hieroglyphics is advised to consult his work, 
 A?tcient Egypt under the Pharaohs, two volumes 8vo, London 1850. 
 
Introductory Dissertation. 
 
 xiii 
 
 nish examples of the nature of emblems. On Grecian coins, the 
 owl, to use heraldic language, is the crest of Athens; a wolf's 
 head, that of Argos ; and a tortoise, that of the Peloponnesus : 
 and on Roman coins, the figure of a woman seated on a globe 
 is the emblem of Italy ; that of a woman solitary and weeping 
 beneath a palm-tree, of Judea, fulfilling the prophecy — - " she 
 being desolate shall sit upon the ground." An eagle grasping 
 the thunderbolt of Jove is symbolical of Rome ; and Ceres dis- 
 pensing plenty from her horn of abundance, is typical of the 
 peace which under Decius the empire enjoyed. 
 
 So at much greater length might the nature of emblems be 
 set forth with abundant illustrations ; but whoso cannot now 
 comprehend something respecting them would still be ignorant 
 though the heavens became his scroll and all the visions of pro- 
 phecy and the fancies of poets were painted upon them, and with 
 his divining rod an angel touched each device in its order and 
 said, " See, and understand." 
 
 SECTION II. — Early Emblem-books, and their Introduction 
 into English Literature. 
 
 ARLY emblem-books, from 148 1 to 1522, are soon 
 counted. We nearly exhaust the list when we 
 name Gerard Leeu, Sebastian Brant, and Andrew 
 Alciat — a Dutchman, a German and an Italian. 
 The closing in of the fifteenth century saw the 
 rise of a species of literature in which the graving tool was very 
 extensively employed to illustrate, as well the proverbs and terse 
 sayings prevalent in the world, as works of greater pretensions, 
 in which genius took a higher flight, and accomplished more im- 
 portant aims. These illustrations may not have been introduced 
 as profusely as in modern times ; but, I dare to say, they were 
 often marked by superiority of artistic power. 
 
 Dante's Inferno, published at Florence in 148 1, was one of the 
 first books thus to be embellished ; and in the same year, in 
 Holland, as a prelude to the emblem-book Operas, which fol- 
 lowed, that most odd of all odd books made its appearance — 
 " 2Tto|>S=SJjra$cft HtV CVt&tUVm," or Dialogues of the Creatures, by 
 
xiv 
 
 Introductory Dissertation. 
 
 Gerard Leeu, of Gouda, near Rotterdam. The copy we con- 
 sulted, in the Bibliotheca Hulthemiana at Brussels, is a small 
 folio in Gothic characters, the pages and folios unnumbered, and 
 with a considerable apparatus of rather coarsely-executed wood 
 engravings. The dialogues are 122 : the first is between the 
 Sun and the Moon ; the second, between " costdtftftt gfjesttettten," 
 costly stones ; the one hundred and seventh, between the Wolf 
 and the Ass, the picture representing the two creatures sawing 
 wood with a vertical saw ; the one hundred and twenty-first, be- 
 tween a Man and his Wife ; and the one hundred and twenty- 
 second, between Man and Death. The last page is almost en- 
 tirely occupied by a coat of arms, and the work thus concludes : 
 " ©n ts toolmaecfct Xtx gouije tn fjollant lu me g&eraert \tt\x preter 
 ter gottUe 0 pte tuertten Bacf) ban apvtl Ent mv mcccclxxxl," i.e. 
 Here is finished at Gouda in Hollaizd by me Gerard Leeu printer 
 at Gouda upon the fourth day of April in the year 1 481. 
 
 The next work to be mentioned opens a direct communica- 
 tion in emblem literature between England and the Continental 
 nations, inasmuch as it was soon translated, or rather para- 
 phrased, into English by Alexander Barclay, and printed first 
 P^t. Hist^Eng. by Wynkyn de Worde in 1508, then by Richard Pynson in 1509, 
 pibdin's Typ. anc i afterwards in 1570 by J. Cawood. Before the end of the 
 
 Antiq. vol. 11. p. J ' J J 
 
 fifteenth century, in 1494, the original, by Sebastian Brant, 
 appeared in German, and is usually referred to as " The Ship 
 OF FOOLS." A copy is in the British Museum ; the woodcuts 
 are rather small, but spirited, and the designs are the same with 
 those of some subsequent editions in Latin and French. The 
 Latin translation, bearing the title, " StttUtftra $iaut8," or Fool- 
 
 piatesiv.andv. freighted Ship, by James Locher, is a quarto volume of 156 
 folios, with 115 woodcuts, and underwent the revision of Brant 
 himself. It was published at Basle, " that city of Germany most 
 
 stuit. n. foi. 156. worthy of praise," by John Bergmande Olpe, " in the year of our 
 salvation M.CCCCXCVII." The Plates, IV. and V., are from the 
 title-page and twenty-ninth folio of the fine and perfect copy 
 in the very choice emblem library collected by the late Joseph 
 Brooks Yates of Liverpool, and now the property of his grand- 
 son Henry Yates Thompson* Plate V., "S*tfri« tMO&ttS," 
 
 * I take this opportunity of expressing my great obligations to the family of Samuel 
 
Introductory Dissertation. 
 
 xv 
 
 To serve two masters, well illustrates the saying which Whitney 
 adopted, "Nemo potest diiobus dominis seruire" and embellished Whitney p. 223, 
 with the device of a man dragging the decalogue by his right 
 foot, and attempting to carry the globe on his left shoulder. Plate v. 
 Brant presents the example of a hunter blowing his horn, and 
 seeking with one dog to catch two hares at the same time. 
 
 Alexander Barclay's work, " SFfje g>i)gj> Of jFolgS Of 
 2H3iOtIBe," * was in part only a translation of Brant's Sttdtifera 
 Nauis ; in part it was simply an imitation. And thus, perhaps, 
 it may be regarded as the very first attempt in our language at 
 emblem-book art. Some may be inclined to contest the accu- 
 racy of this conclusion ; and when Brant's and his translator's 
 works are compared with the perfected emblems of Alciat and 
 of Giovio, the doubt may rise into a certainty : but in the pro- 
 gress of any branch of literature, as in other things, "there is first 
 the blade, then the ear, and after that the full and ripe corn in 
 the ear." 
 
 The translator gives the following account of himself: that 
 his book " was translated 1 the College of Saynt Mary Otery in 
 the counte of Deuonshyre, out of Laten, Frenche and Doche 
 into Englysshe tonge by Alexander Barclay Preste, and at that 
 tyme Chaplen in the sayde College." He was educated at Oriel 
 College, Oxford, about 1495, and died in 1552 rector of All 
 Hallows, Lombard-street, London. The memoir of him in the 
 Penny Cyclopaedia gives the titles of nine of his works, and shows Penny Cycl. 
 him to have been a voluminous writer : it declares also that " he v ° ' '"' p ' 440 
 was one of the refiners of the English language, and left many 
 testimonies behind him of his wit and learning." 
 
 ' Barclay's Shyp of Folys of the Worlde contains many curious 
 woodcuts. A good idea of them may be gained from the first 
 in the series which "represents several vessels loaded with fools 
 of various denominations." This is taken from the French trans- Dibdin. 
 lation, " =ELa grat nef Bes fol? Bit ttlO&f," and has appended to it see Plates iv. 
 in full the title of the Latin translation, " j&tttltt'fera $LautS." v ' 1 
 
 Thompson, Esq. , at Thingwall, near Liverpool, for the extreme generosity and cour- 
 tesy with which they have granted access to and free use of their emblem treasures. 
 N * The full title is : "The Shyp of Folys of the Worlde. Inprentyd in the Cyte of Lon- pjibdin's Typ. 
 don in Fletestrefte] at the signe of Saynt George By Richard Pynson to hys Coste and Antiq. vol. ii. 
 charge. Ended the yere of our Sauiour m.d.ix. the xiiii day of Decembre." Folio. P 4J 
 
Introductory Dissertation. 
 
 At the beginning of the sixteenth century the art of pictorial 
 illustration, either from brass or from wood, was carried to a very 
 high degree of excellence. Italy might boast of Marc Antonio, 
 who died in 1527; Germany, of Albert Durer, down to 1528; 
 and Holland, of Lucas Jacobs, better known as Lucas van Ley- 
 den, until his death in 1533. These "skilled artisans" left pupils, 
 followers and worthy compeers, who did not allow their "glorious 
 mystery" to retrograde; and the touch, the turn, the soul-inspired 
 power 'of their hand, survive in many a page of that eventful era. 
 ^ e i57a t,sed If tne recording line in Ames' Antiqziities of Printing be cor- 
 rect, namely "1551, Alciat's Emblems, Lugduni 1 55 1, octavo," 
 there was an English version of " honest Alciat " at this early 
 date. As far as I have discovered, no other trace exists of such 
 a translation. Grant that it was made, it would, almost of a cer- 
 piates vi. and tainty, have been a very small volume similar to Wechel's edition 
 of Paris 1534, or to the Aldine at Venice in 1546, the one con- 
 tained in 120 pages, the other in 48 leaves. 
 LfveTpooiTand A manuscript translation of Alciat into English, which, though 
 f ' it^p^ "° incomplete, evidently was prepared for publication, with the 
 23 ' devices drawn and coloured, is in the possession of Henry Yates 
 
 Thompson, and "appears to be of the time of James the First." 
 The manuscript thus translates Alciat's thirtieth emblem, imi- 
 tated by Whitney, p. 73 : 
 
 " The stork, which is well noted for her love, 
 In lofty nest hir naked birds doth feed ; 
 sketch of Books And hopes that she the like kindness shall prove, 
 
 Yates^i849,p]z3; When she, being olde, shall stand thereof in need. 
 
 The gratefvl babes do not hir hope defeate, 
 
 They bear their dam, and give unto hir meate." 
 
 Sir Thomas Wyatt, the elder, who died in 1541, and Henry 
 Howard earl of Surrey, who was beheaded in 1547, — "the two 
 chieftains," as they are named, of the courtly poets, — were well 
 acquainted with the literature of Southern Europe, and probably 
 with the emblem writers of the nations dwelling there ; but it 
 Moxon's^ed. appears to have been Spenser who, in 1579, in The- Shepkeard's 
 Calender, "entitled to the noble and vertuous Gentleman, most 
 worthie of all titles both of learning and chivalry, Maister Philip 
 Sidney," was so far acquainted with emblem writings as to give 
 emblem-mottoes without devices, like songs without words. We 
 
Introductory Dissertation. 
 
 xvii 
 
 find these mottoes, termed emblems, in Italian, English, Latin, 
 French, and even Greek, and after Spenser's death, the folio 
 edition of his works issued in 1616 gives a woodcut emblematical 
 of each month in the year, and thus renders the Shepherd's 
 Calendar a near approach to the emblem-books of a former 
 century. 
 
 We may add that Spenser's Visions of Bellay, composed about Moxon's ed. 
 the year 1569, were derived* from Joachim du Bellay, " the l8s6 ' p ' 437 ' 
 Ovid of France," and needed only the designer and engraver to see LesCEuvres 
 make them as perfectly emblem pictures as were the publications 1592, p. «6. 
 of Alciatus, Sambucus and Whitney. Those visions portray in 
 words the world's vanity, which an artist might express in draw- 
 ings. Take the description of the " pillers of iuorie," of " the Moxon's ed. 
 chapters alabaster," of " a victorie with golden wings," and of 
 "the triumphing chaire, the auncient glorie of the Romane 
 lordes ;" and of the whole representation might be wrought a 
 most lively and cunning emblem. 
 
 Whether William de la Perriere's Theatre des Bons Engins, see Plate xxx. 
 Paris 1539, was rendered into English at so early a date, is 
 doubtful ; but William Stirling, esq., of Keir, informs me that 
 he possesses " a fragment of an English translation " of this Letter, 3rd June, 
 author, without the title. From this copy therefore the date 
 cannot be determined, but by the cast of the type and of the 
 rude woodcuts " it might be of the sixteenth century, and pro- 
 bably as early as Daniell's jfovius." 
 
 The next immediate link between our own country, Britain, 
 and the emblem writers of Italy, France, Spain, Germany and 
 the Netherlands is supplied by Beza's Portraits and Emblems. Plate vm. 
 This work, published at Geneva in 1580, is dedicated to James 
 VI., king of Scotland, and contains, as its frontispiece, the earli- 
 est known likeness of that monarch, when in his fourteenth year. 
 Such a portrait would probably secure attention to the book in piates xli. and 
 this island, and its well-executed devices would serve to foster 
 among us a taste for emblem literature. No translation how- 
 ever of Besa into English appeared, and his emblems still remain 
 in their original Latin only. 
 
 The Italians gave the name Imprese, i.e. Imprints, to such 
 
 * Verified in Leiden by direct reference to Du Bellay's works, as ii Je vy haut 
 esleue stir colomnes cfyuoire" &c. 
 
 c 
 
xviii 
 
 Introductory Dissertation. 
 
 " ornamentation-books " as other people indicated by the word 
 emblem. Paolo Giovio, bishop of Nocera, wrote a discourse on the 
 subject and entitled it, Ragionamento di Paolo Giovio sopra i motti 
 e designi d'armi e d'amore volgormente chiamati imprese, Venice 
 1556, in 8vo, "A Discourse by Paulus Jovius on Mottoes and 
 Designs of Arms and of Love, commonly called Imprints." The 
 work went through several editions, and in 1 561 was translated 
 into French by Vasquin Fiileul. An English translation was 
 issued in 1585, the year before Whitney's Choice of Emblems : it 
 is not indeed embellished with woodcuts or engravings, but in 
 other respects is an emblem-book in English. The translator 
 was the poet-laureat and historian, Samuel Daniel of Taunton, 
 who was born in 1562 and died in 1 619. He entitles his work, 
 The Worthy Tract of Paulus Jovius, containing a Discourse of 
 Rare Inventions . . . called Imprese, with a Preface :" by Samuel 
 Daniell, London 1585, 8vo. But for the want of devices, or en- 
 gravings, this may be regarded as an English emblem-book 
 equally with Whitney's, which it preceded as a printed work, 
 though probably not as a composition. 
 
 Still, with the modifications that have been adverted to, the 
 praise may be accorded to Geffrey Whitney of having, in 1586, 
 been the first to present to the English public an emblem-book 
 complete in all its parts, and showing by the union of learning 
 and of the engraver's art how, among the nations of continental 
 Europe, a literature had been raised up and had grown into 
 popularity which a century before had no recognised existence. 
 Whitney however is to be the special theme of the next chapter, 
 and we pass on to complete, as far as is really needed, our sketch 
 of the steps by which emblem-books were brought into Britain. 
 
 To the Rev. Thomas Corser, rector of Stand, near Manchester, 
 I am indebted, among other favours, for the loan of a copy of 
 the rare translation into English of Claude Paradin's Devises 
 Plate vii. Heroiqves. The volume is in i6mo, containing 368 pages, and 
 ornamented with many woodcuts of considerable excellence. 
 !?ate A LvT d ' ^^als ° nr y of the translator (P. S.) are given, and the date 
 is 1 591. A curiously-worded dedication follows the title-page: 
 " To the Right Worshipfvll the Renowmed Capteine Christopher 
 Carleill Esquier, chiefe Commander of her Maiesties forces in the 
 Prouince of Vlster in the Realme of Ireland, and Seneshall there 
 
Introductory Dissertation. 
 
 xix 
 
 of the Countries of Clandsboy, the Rowte, the Glens, the Duffre, 
 and Kylultaugh." The prose of Paradin is given in English 
 prose ; and there are a few specimens of very inferior verses, as 
 at p. 28 : 
 
 " These Dartes are peace to humble men, 
 but wane to proud in deed. 
 For why t both life and death also 
 from our woundes do proceed." 
 
 SECTION III. — English Emblem-books, a.d. 1586-1686. 
 
 ROM what sources Emblem-books were first intro- 
 duced into English literature has just been shown, 
 and there is no absolute necessity of following the 
 subject to a later date ; but to render our view more 
 complete we will take a rapid glance at the English books of 
 emblems for a century after Whitney. Along with Whitney are 
 recorded the names of Willet and Combe, as worthy to be Censura Lit. ix. 
 matched with Alciatus, Reusnerus and Sambucus. Of Thomas P 39 
 Combe's writings nothing is known now to exist ; neither the 
 British Museum nor the emblem collection of the marquis of 
 Blandford possesses them, and they are unknown to Mr. J. Brooks 
 Yates and to William Stirling, esq., of Keir: they take rank there- 
 fore with the lost one of the Pleiades, and no longer offer even a 
 point of light to the literary world. The praise of Andrew Willet 
 is celebrated by Thomas Fuller. His father, Thomas Willet, was Worthies, vol. i. 
 prebendary of Ely, where Andrew was born in 1 560, and where, P 
 probably, he died in 162 1. He was a copious writer, according 
 to the Bodleian catalogue. His emblem-book, printed at Cam- 
 bridge by John Legate, probably in 1 598, is dedicated to the Athena; Cama- 
 
 t- - • 1 1 n brigienses. 
 
 earl of Essex : it is a 4to, without cuts, and contains 84 pages. 
 The title is a very long one, beginning with Sacrorvm Emblema- , 
 tvm Centvria vna, &c, "A Century of Sacred Emblems," &c. 
 As a specimen of his style we add the English to his sixty- 
 seventh emblem in Latin; subject — " Puerorum educatio," The 
 education of boys : 
 
 " A Scholler must in youth be taught, 
 And three things keepe in minde ful sure, 
 
XX 
 
 Introductory Dissertation. 
 
 God's worship that it first be saught, 
 And manners then with knowledge pure ; 
 In Church, in scoole, at table must he 
 Deuout, attent, and handsome be." 
 
 In these days of acrostics it may be not unacceptable to our 
 readers to possess Willet's ingenious conceit, constituting his first 
 emblem, "Boni Principis encomium," The praise of a good Prince. 
 tuTomlinlfus'' ^ ls m Latin verses, arranged, like the curious fancies of Simias 
 ed. 1604, P . 209. fae Rhodian, in the form of a tree. The sentence on which the 
 Latin lines turn is "Elizabetham Reginam Div nobis servet Iesvs 
 incolvmem. Amen " — Elizabeth Queen, long may Jesus keep for 
 us safe. A men. 
 
 "Ecce beato S. 
 Lux nos dedisse maximE, 
 Illustris ilia credituR, 
 Sepiterno quse celebrada cultV, 
 Anglia, insigni generata stirpE, 
 Beata virgo cum regnare cseperaT ; 
 Earn parem patulse dixeris arborl ; 
 Tempestate gravi subito ruentE 
 Huius se foliis tegunt volucreS, 
 Adeuntq. bruta procubitV 
 Magnu iuvamen omnibuS 
 Regina princeps: profugl 
 Eius celebrat nomeN : 
 Gentibus ipsa laC, 
 
 Inclyta, virgO, 
 Non negat, iis simuL 
 Alma nutrix manV 
 Miserit auxiliuM. 
 Det deus itaquE 
 Impleat annuM. 
 Vivat & integrA, 
 Nullibi vnquam deficiens supremuM 
 Omnibus auxilium, quse exhibuit piE 
 BIS locupletur 6 patriae columeN." 
 
 Generally each of Willet's emblems has a motto, a text from 
 Scripture, some Latin verses, and the same rendered into English. 
 Censura Lit. i. Samuel Egerton Brydges informs us he was also the author of 
 p V1 An Epithalamitwi in English, and says of him: "I shall only 
 
Introductory Dissertation. xxi 
 
 cite the practical character at the end of the life and death of 
 Dr. Andrew Willet : 
 
 " See here a true Nathaniel, in whose breast 
 
 A careful conscience kept her lasting feast ; 
 
 Whose simple heart could never lodge a guile 
 
 In a soft word, nor malice in a smile. 
 
 He was a faithful labourer, whose pains 
 
 Was pleasure ; and another's good, his gains : 
 
 The height of whose ambition was to grow 
 
 More ripe in knowledge, to make others know ; 
 
 Whose lamp was ever shining, never hid ; 
 
 And when his tongue preach'd not, his actions did. 
 
 The world was least his care ; he fought for heav'n ; 
 
 And what he had, he held not earn'd, but given : 
 
 The dearest wealth he own'd, the world ne'er gave ; 
 
 Nor owes he ought but house-rent for a grave." 
 
 Contemporary also with Whitney was Abraham Fraunce, 
 whose work, in 4to, was printed in London in 1588, Insignium 
 Armorum Emblematum Hieroglyphicorum et Symbolorum, quce 
 ab Italis Imprese nominantur Explication There are no plates 
 to the work ; otherwise it is similar in character to Valerian's 
 Hieroglyphica, sive de sacris Egyptiorum aliarumque gentium 
 Uteris Commentarii ;f folio, Basle 1556 and 1567, which abounds 
 in woodcuts. These two works, however, are rather books of 
 heraldry, of coins, inscriptions and sacred signs, than books of 
 emblems. 
 
 Peacham's Minerva Britanna, a very close imitation of Whit- see putes ix. 
 ney, even to the dividing of it into two parts, appeared in 161 2, 
 and is dedicated "to Henry Prince of Wales." In 1618 was 
 issued The Mirrour of Majestie, of which no more than two 
 copies are said to exist, the only perfect one being in the choice 
 library of Mr. Corser, of Stand. Quarle's Emblems, Divine and 
 Moral, the most popular of any in English, were published in 
 1635 ; and the same year George Withers gave to the world, 
 with 200 fine copperplates by Crispin de Pass, A Collection of 
 
 * "An Explanation of Badges, Arms, Emblems, Hieroglyphics and Symbols, 
 which are named by the Italians Imprints." 
 
 N + "Hieroglyphics, or Commentaries on the Sacred Literature of the Egyptians 
 and other Nations," by John P. Valerian, of Belluno. 
 
xxii 
 
 Introductory Dissertation. 
 
 Emblems Antient and Moderne, quickened with Metrical Illustra- 
 tions both Moral and Divine, disposed into Lotteries, folio, London. 
 The year 1641 first saw Thomas Stirry's satire against Arch- 
 bishop Laud, A Rot amongst the Bishops, or a terrible Tempest 
 in the Sea of Canterbury, set forth in lively Emblems to please the 
 judicious Reader ; and we may again name Mr. Corser as pos- 
 sessing an original copy of the work almost unique. A second 
 edition, 4to, was issued in 1655 of The Art of making Devices, 
 treating of Hieroglyphicks, Symboles, Emblemes, Enigmas, &c, 
 by Thomas Blount ; and in 1665, without an author's name, but 
 FromPeacham with 9 copperplate engravings, was set forth in i2mo, Astrea, or 
 published in the Grove of Beatittide represented in Emblemes with Meditatio)is. 
 
 London. 
 
 Philip Ayres, in 1683, was author of a small 4to, Emblemata 
 Amatoria, "Emblems of Love," in four languages, dedicated "to 
 the Ladies," with 44 copperplates. Hugo Hermann's Pia Desi- 
 deria, Gemitus, Vota, Suspiria animcz pcenitentis, &c* was pub- 
 lished at Antwerp in 1628 with woodcuts ; and again in 1632 
 with Bolswert's beautiful copperplates. " It was Englished by 
 Edmund Arwaker, M.A., in 1686, and illustrated with 47 copper- 
 plates ; but the omissions and alterations of the original render 
 it scarcely deserving the name of a translation. In 1680 and in 
 1686 also was issued a work, now of extreme rarity, The Protes- 
 London. tant's Vade Mecum, or Popery displayed in its proper colors in 
 
 30 Emblems. This date is exactly a century after Whitney, and 
 it is unnecessary to name any works of a later timet 
 
 Britain can advance no early claims to originality in the pro- 
 duction of emblem-books, and scarcely improved the works of 
 this kind which she touched upon and translated, yet she took 
 no inconsiderable interest in emblem literature ; and during the 
 
 List of English 
 Books of Em- 
 blems in Notes 
 and Queries. 
 
 * "Pious Aspirations, Groans, Vows and Sighs of a Penitent Soul," &c. 
 
 + There are also during the seventeenth century ten or twelve other books of 
 emblems in English, which I have had no opportunity of examining. These are : 
 Montenay's Book of Amies with 100 godly Emblems, 1619; The Soule's Solace, or 31 
 Spirituall Emblemes, by Thomas Jennes, 1631 ; Colman's Deaffis Duel ; Heywood's 
 Pleasant Dialogues, &c., extracted from Jacob Catsius, 1637 ; Quarle's Hieroglyphics 
 of y Li f e of Man, 1638 ; Hall's Emblems, 1648 ; A Work for none but Angels and 
 Men, 1650; Wonderful and strange Punishments inflicted on the Breakers of the 10 
 Commandments, 1650; Castanoza's Spiritual Conflict, 1652; and Miller's Emblems, 
 Divine, Moral, &-c, by a Person of Quality, 1673. Probably several others might be 
 added to the list. 
 
Introductory Dissertation. 
 
 xxiii 
 
 century, beginning with Whitney and ending with Arwaker — if 
 
 we except James or Jacob Catz,* who died in 1660 in his eighty- Penny c y d. 
 
 vol. vi. p. 37' 
 
 third year, and who to this day is spoken of familiarly yet affec- 
 tionately in Holland, as "Vader Catz" — our country may be 
 said to have marched at least with equal steps by the side of 
 other European nations. We write, however, not to contest the 
 palm of superiority, but simply to give a connected though brief 
 view of the earlier emblem literature among ourselves. That 
 attempt probably is not perfect in its parts, every emblem work 
 not being included ; there may be others who will correct our 
 deficiencies, and present to the public a fuller and more accurate 
 history. The materials exist, and knowledge and power in one 
 I could name : but public patronage as yet flows in a scanty 
 stream towards the editors of old emblem writers, and turns 
 aside to support newer fancies ; or perchance the ore we dig has 
 not enough of sterling metal in it to make it worth the working. 
 
 SECTION IV. — Extent and Decline of Emblem 
 Literature. 
 
 jOR how many years the Emblem literature bore 
 an illustrious name, and to what extent over the 
 nations of Europe it prevailed, a sentence or two 
 will serve to point out. With Alciat, in 1522, we 
 may date the rise of its popularity ; with Paolo 
 Giovio, Bocchius and Sambucus, its continuance ; with Jacob 
 Cats, a glory that still shines and has lately been renewed. All 
 countries of Europe — except " Muscovie," which was Tartar, not 
 Teutonic nor Roman — participated in the furore for emblems. 
 The peninsulas of Spain and Italy, the distant Hungary, the 
 Mediterranean Germany and France, Holland, Belgium, Britain, 
 swelled the throng of votaries and contributed to emblem art.f 
 
 * A splendid tribute to his excellence has lately been supplied by the publication 
 of Moral Emblems, from Jacob Catz and Robert Farlie, 4to, London 1862. The 
 beautiful illustrations, by John Leighton, F.S.A., and the translations by the editor, 
 Richard Pigot, are contributions in all respects worthy of emblem art, and deserve 
 the admiration of all lovers of the old proverbial philosophy and literature. 
 
 "1* The extent of the emblem literature will be treated of in our Appendix, where we 
 propose to show the sources and the authors from whom Whitney made his Choice. 
 
xxiv 
 
 Introductory Dissertation. 
 
 What are the causes, we may ask with some misgiving as to 
 the exact reason, that a literature has almost become forgotten, 
 which only three centuries ago was thus popular and flourishing 
 throughout civilised Europe ? It seems to have passed away 
 from men's knowledge : it is studied as a branch of antiquities 
 rather than of learning, — as inscriptions disinterred from the 
 catacombs of by-gone ages, and not as the memorials of the wit 
 and wisdom of some of the foremost scholars of Italy, France, 
 Spain, Germany and the Netherlands. 
 
 We have here a perplexity which at first we find it difficult to 
 unravel. The early emblem-books delighted the literati of their 
 'age ; they were patronised by popes, emperors and kings ; they 
 
 F?eiug ' 10vl0 ' were illustrated with a superabundance of artistic skill, and re- 
 main unsurpassed even in modern times for beauty of execution. 
 Their spirit became so diffused among all ranks of the people as 
 to call for translations into six or eight languages, and for imita- 
 tions wherever they were known. Now, though some of them 
 
 Lu etC by°j^ nb ' within a century numbered more than fifty editions, and nearly 
 
 Yates, p. 22. a ii 0 f them were reprinted, they awaken a simple stare of wonder 
 if perchance a student of typographical antiquities ventures to 
 name them even to well-educated men. 
 
 The tide of modern thought bears onward freightages of a 
 very different kind : they are the cargoes of useful knowledge, 
 scientific or statistical it is called, — available for competitive 
 examinations, — rich in illustrations of history and the economic 
 
 JEneid i. 1. 14. calculus for the senate or the courts of law, and " studiisque 
 asperrima belli," bristling with whatever can advance the pur- 
 suits of war. But our great-grandfather's literary recreations, 
 like our great-grandfather's portraits, are consigned to darker 
 shades than even Dante's limbos of oblivion ; and all persons 
 are looked upon as dreamers of inutilities, and consequently of 
 vanities, who endeavour again to bring into light works which 
 
 Whitney, p. 197. Sidney did not despise, which Spenser imitated, and which 
 
 Merchant of J sr > c 
 
 Venice, Pericles, Shakespeare applied to the purposes of dramatic art. 
 
 Without any invidious comparisons, however, we have not far 
 to seek for a sufficient reason why the old emblem writers have 
 
 It will then be seen that he laid nearly the whole circle of emblem writers under con- 
 tribution, and that the History of his foray is a biographical notice of themselves and 
 their works. 
 
 \ 
 
Introdtictory Dissertation. 
 
 xxv 
 
 been almost forgotten. The best of them, the founders and early- 
 masters in this school of poetry wedded to pictorial embellish- 
 ments, excelled as Latinists, and sometimes ran wild amidst the 
 conceits which Latin is so fitted to express. Their later imita- 
 tors in the modern languages, without generally possessing their 
 depth or their brilliancy, have followed them especially in quaint 
 fancies, and thus have repeated and magnified their faults. Hence, 
 as Latin was more and more disused among scholars, and as the 
 modern languages, under skilled and vigorous cultivators, threw 
 aside mere witticisms and affectations, men's minds grew beyond 
 the pleasures of tracing out resemblances between pictures and 
 mottoes ; and, with a truth laid down or a proverb uttered, gave 
 the preference to seeing it illustrated from examples within their 
 own knowledge to having it decked out in an obsolescent lan- 
 guage, with imaginative parallels between emblem or symbol 
 and the actual thoughts they were intended to shadow forth. 
 
 I do not suppose that, among the most enthusiastic lovers of 
 the old literature, there are any who desire a restoration of the 
 very ideas and modes of expressing them, of the very fancies 
 and fanciful delineations which characterised the sixteenth cen- 
 tury. We could not endure to have even a second Chaucer or a 
 second Spenser. Dante risen from the dead, or Petrarch revivi- 
 fied by the smiles and graces of the veritable Laura, would be 
 repellent to the modern culture. We honour them and value 
 them as they are and were, and their memorials we would not 
 allow to perish ; but Coeur de Lion would have been as out of 
 place on the plains of Waterloo, or Miles Standish "the brave 
 soldier of Plymouth " as incongruous at Wilmington or at Rich- 
 mond, as Alciat in the literary saloons of Paris, or our own 
 .Whitney at some meeting of the Camden Society, or amid ex- 
 cursionists peregrinating to glorify scientific archaeology. 
 
 We admit that each age has its literary leaders, who seldom 
 indeed retain the leadership for ages in succession ; but we do 
 not add, Let them utterly fade out of men's thoughts. They did 
 the work of their own day, and for that work we honour them : 
 if we do not observe for them festivals of remembrance, as for 
 the worthies of the Christian year, still, as occasion demands, 
 what they did shall be rescued from Time's ravages, and live 
 through another period of human regard. 
 
 d 
 
xxvi Introductory Dissertation. 
 
 CHAPTER II. 
 
 MEMOIR AND WRITINGS OF GEFFREY 
 WHITNEY. 
 
 SECTION I. — Estimation in which he was held — 
 Notices and Criticisms. 
 
 EN OWN wide and large enough to fill a 
 nation's praise, it were vain to seek for 
 Whitney's name and work ; he possessed 
 genius and learning, but has not left re- 
 sults that justify a very high eulogium. 
 
 It is from his native county more espe- 
 cially that his labours may obtain recog- 
 nition, and from others, who delight in "holsome preceptes, 
 Whitney's title- shadowed with pleasant deuises," they may receive the approv- 
 ing word. During a reign remarkable for the great statesmen, 
 warriors, and men of letters, whom it produced, and by whom it 
 was adorned, there were many to surpass our author, but only 
 a few who were of purer minds or of more extensive learning. 
 His education and attainments, however, the friendships which 
 he formed and the estimation in which he was held, entitle him 
 to rank among the band that lend authority to the saying : 
 "Cheshire, chief of men;" and his principal work, A Choice of 
 Emblemes, though not the very earliest in our literature, was 
 the first of its kind to present an adequate example of the 
 emblem-books that had issued from the presses of Paris, Lyons, 
 Basle and Antwerp ; and it remains the first in point of intrin- 
 sic value. It may therefore, even on the ground of comparative 
 merit, deserve reproduction, and be adduced in proof both of 
 the author's power and of the diligence and effectiveness with 
 which that power had been cultivated and applied. 
 
Introductory Dissertation. 
 
 xxvii 
 
 With one of his earlier admirers we shall not be able so 
 heartily to proclaim his excellencies as to say : * BaUoi A oTfo°rd 
 " Begone rare worke ; what though thy Author bee 
 Nor lord nor knight, Yet comprehendeth more 
 In vertuous deeds, than titles as wee see, 
 Which better is, than with all Midas store. 
 Tell Momus and old Homer's chatterers all, 
 Till world's end thy name shall never fall :" 
 
 Nevertheless we have something to boast of in his behalf; and 
 
 it is, that in an age by no means fastidious, either in manners or 
 
 in language, there is not above one passage which might not be 
 
 read aloud in any circle of listeners, and not more than two or 
 
 three expressions, if there are so many, to which our modern 
 
 taste can legitimately object. 
 
 The estimation in which an author's writings and character 
 
 were held is indeed reflected by a very flattering mirror when 
 
 they come to us from the judgment of his immediate friends, 
 
 and especially from the commendatory stanzas which, in the 
 
 sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, were attached, as well to a 
 
 ponderous folio edition of Plato's works as to a thin duodecimo Francfort\T6oz. 
 
 of Alciat from the press of Christian Wechel. The affection, not Parisiis, Anno 
 
 to name it the fondness, which his contemporaries expressed for M D XXXI1 "- 
 
 Whitney, informs us of the regard felt for the man as well as for 
 
 the author ; and names of such eminence as those of Dousa, 
 
 Bonaventura Vulcanius, Limbert, and Colvius, were warrants 
 
 against mere adulation. Their testimony supports Anthony 
 
 Wood in affirming "he was in great esteem" at Leyden " among aa. oxonienses, 
 
 . . vo '- p- z j°> 
 
 his countrymen for his ingenuity. ed. 1721. 
 
 Jan Dousa, whom for learning and patriotism William the 
 Silent appointed governor of Leyden and curator of its univer- 
 sity, writes to the following purport " On the Emblems of introduction to 
 Geffrey Whitney : " Emblems!" 
 
 * Lines in manuscript from major Egerton Leigh's copy of Whitney, which also ] 
 contains similar stanzas by the same writer. This copy belonged to a John White zn&ifi* 
 "Anno Domini 1683," and then passed into the possession of a William White, to 
 whom there are two manuscript memorials : 
 
 ' ' William White his hand 
 _ So veri a roge as ani in the Land," and 
 
 " William White His Name and Pen, 
 God bless king William and all his men." 
 
xxviii 
 
 Introductory Dissertation. 
 
 " Here Emblems by their charms o'ercome writings of every kind, 
 And here Euphrosyne has mingled useful things with sweet ; 
 So when on floors of marquetry the various figures meet, 
 
 They hold the eyes entranced, and discipline the mind. 
 Thus witnesses Sambucus, — thus Junius testifies, 
 And Alciatus, who hath borne the palm in this emprise. 
 
 Now Emblems, here out-traced by hands of finest skill, 
 In their rich lures all writings else outvie ; 
 And as Sambucus, Junius, Alciatus never die, 
 
 So thou, thy work, O Whitney, shalt with growing honours fill."* 
 
 The name Geffrey, common to Whitney and to Chaucer, natu- 
 rally suggested a comparison, especially at a time which pre- 
 ceded the full light of Spenser's genius, and when in reality no 
 one else had arisen among our poets who had his native lan- 
 guage more under command, or who could with equal grace 
 express in it the sentiments which had first of all been clothed 
 in a foreign garb. Hence we have the stanzas of Bonaventura 
 introduction to Vulcanius of Bruges, " On the Emblems of GEFFREY WHITNEY, 
 
 Whitney's t> > J > 
 
 Emblems^ w ] w fore the name of England's great poet in the old time, 
 Geffrey Chaucer : " t 
 
 " One England bore two Geffreys, — poets both by name ; 
 
 And equals too in Phcebus' power and art ; 
 One as his country's Homer hailed by fame, — 
 
 The English Hesiod is the other's part. 
 And as once Victory stood with doubtful wings 
 
 Between the Mceonian and old Hesiod's song ; 
 So, when of worthy sons glad Britain sings, 
 
 The palm between the Geffreys poises long. 
 Rare Chaucer's lines of gold erst Britons knew, 
 
 But Whitney kept concealed his pen's rich ore, — 
 Until at Leycester's word the Emblems flew 
 
 Honours to gain, and honours to restore. 
 As shines some Indian gem encased in gold, 
 
 And graven by the workman's skill-taught hand, — 
 
 Ed. Roterodami 
 
 M.DCCIV. 
 
 See Hofmann 
 Peerkamp's book 
 on the Latin poets 
 of the Nether- 
 lands ; Haarlem 
 1837. 
 
 * In the Poems of Jan Dousa the younger, edited by " Gulielmo Rabo, J.U.D.," 
 the above ode, numbered xxxiv, p. 205, is entitled "In Gulfridi Whitnei Emblemata 
 nomine Patris;" it is therefore the son's and not the father's. 
 
 t Vulcanius was professor of Greek in the university of Leyden for thirty-two years. 
 A fine original portrait of him exists among those of other eminent men at the founda- 
 tion of the university and since to the present day. He died in 1614 at the age of 76. 
 
Introductory Dissertation. 
 
 xxix 
 
 Pursue, O Whitney, titles yet untold, — 
 Raise to the stars thyself and native land." 
 
 A full fruition to this wish may not have been expected, but 
 Peter Colvius,* also of Bruges, takes up the same strain : 
 
 " As Emblems twine themselves within our eyes, 
 
 Traced curiously around some splendid dome ; 
 By art adorned, they shine in various guise, 
 
 Till 'mid the image lost, the mind doth roam ; 
 So, Geffrey, thou, within thy little book, 
 
 With many an image symbols dost express ; 
 On traceries by thy verse we gladly look, 
 
 Old sayings read, and deep thy genius bless. 
 The immortal deeds of heroes far shall sound, 
 
 And virtues, it is joy to bear in mind, — 
 Horatian hearts, and Curtius' soul renowned ; — 
 
 Fabrician faith, thou, Pyrrhus ! firm didst find ; 
 The Decii, Junii, and Metelli brave, 
 
 Curius, and Fabius the Cunctator's fame, — 
 The Scipios, — bolts of war where laurels wave, — 
 
 And whom thy mind unequal is to name, 
 A countless host, — in virtue's brightening day, 
 
 Light for our light, thy conscious muse reveals, — 
 For why 1 A chieftain, Leycester, doth display 
 
 Beneath his care the wealth thy verse unseals : 
 'Tis he who here heroic gifts hath shown, 
 
 Each held by mighty princes forth to praise ; 
 These we admire ; and future times shall own, 
 
 A Dudley's deeds deserve the choicest lays. 
 So shall this book on happy pinions rise, 
 
 Through lips of learned men its course to fly ; 
 My augury such : — high fame herself outvies, 
 
 That never Whytney's praise may fade and die." 
 
 We must remember that when the foregoing stanzas were 
 penned, Vulcanius and Colvius were in the immediate presence 
 "of Leicester's greatness at its proudest height, and perceived in 
 it only the promise of their country's deliverance from Spanish 
 tyranny ; we may therefore pardon them something in the ex- 
 
 Introduction 
 to Whitney's 
 Emblems, 
 translation. 
 
 * One of the literati whose labours adorned the Leyden press of Rapheleng. 
 was born in 1567 and died 1594. 
 
 Jocher's 
 He Gelehrten-Lex. 
 vol. i. col. zo*7. 
 
XXX 
 
 Introductory Dissertation. 
 
 travagance of their eulogy. Seeing only with an Englishman's 
 Cooper's Athen. eyes, Whitney's old tutor at Cambridge speaks of his pupil's 
 
 Cantab, vol. ii. - ' ox r r 
 
 p- 61. labour as one scholar in that day was accustomed to speak of 
 
 production to another, and puts forth, "A Ten-lined Ode on Geffrey Whitney s 
 Emblems^ Emblems, by Stephen Limbert, an Englishman, Master of 
 Norwich School:" 
 
 " Virtue's fair form and graces excellent 
 
 Would God permit his children to behold, 
 How great the passions kindled in our breasts 
 
 For her whose beauties far outshine the gold. 
 Not Venus' self, nor Dian, thrice a queen, 
 
 Could match such glories, conquering where they shine ; 
 But Whitney's Emblems paint her image pure, 
 
 Apelles-like, or Zeuxis' art divine. 
 Thus our great Author doth for good provide, 
 And from his hand choice gifts with men abide." 
 
 Such are some of the praises bestowed upon Whitney by men 
 of his own day. Following the order of time we notice, before 
 the end of the century, that he is considered worthy of being 
 matched with the foremost of the emblem writers ; for, in A 
 Comparative Discourse of our English Poets with the Greeke, 
 Latine, and Italian Poets, thus is it maintained : "As the Latines 
 have these emblematists, Andreas Alciatus, Reusnerus and Sam- 
 bucus, so we have these, Geffrey Whitney, Andrew Willet and 
 Thomas Combe." We have here a record which was given to 
 the public within a few years after the Choice of Emblemes had 
 been written. In 1612 Peacham's Minerva Britanna "was sent 
 abroad ;" and the author avers it to be, " whether for greatnes of 
 the chardge, or that the Invention is not ordinarie: a Subiect very 
 rare." He goes on to say: "For except the collections of Master 
 Whitney and the translations of some one or two else beside, I 
 know not an Englishman in our age that hath published any 
 worke of this kind : they being (I doubt not) as ingenious, and 
 happy in their invention, as the best French or Italian of them 
 all." His defence of his country sounds very like a commenda- 
 tion of Whitney : " They terme vs Tramontani Sempii, Simple 
 and of dull conceipt, when the fault is neether in the Climate, 
 nor as they would have it, in the constitution of our bodies, but 
 truely in the cold and frozen respect of Learning and artes, 
 
 Wit's Common- 
 wealth, by Tho. 
 Meres. 
 
 Cens. Literaria, 
 by S. Egerton 
 Brydges, vol. ix. 
 p. 39, and Wood's 
 Fasti Oxon. p. 
 146. 
 
 Plate IX. gives 
 the title of the 
 znd part. 
 
 Peacham's 
 Address to the 
 Reader. 
 
Introdtictory Dissertation. xxxi 
 
 generally amongst us ; comming far shorte of them in the iust 
 valewing of well-deseruing qualities." 
 
 Probably the next notice of Whitney, though without a date, 
 is in some manuscript stanzas in major Egerton Leigh's copy* 
 of the Emblems, to which reference has already been made, p. 
 xxvii. 
 
 " Geffry thy name subscribed with thy pen, 
 Extractinge honor from the noblest men ; 
 ffor by thy Emblems thou dost moralize 
 ffram'd Poems, fitted for all human eyes, 
 Reflectinge on the naturall state of man, 
 Enviinge at none, assistinge whome he cann ; 
 Yealdinge such frutfull rarityes that all 
 Which Whitney knew may wittely him call 
 Honor'd of men ; what can theare more be said 
 In givinge due, wheare due ought to be paid." 
 " Whearfore like momus 'gainst him do not cry, 
 Though Whitney's dedd His name shall never dye 
 
 Sic cecinit JoKes Allen." 
 
 A long oblivion however rested on the author for whom such 
 renown had been prophesied. For nearly two centuries, except 
 to a very few, his name was so little known that it does not 
 occur in some of the larger biographical dictionaries, nor in the As, Aiken's 
 common literary histories of Elizabeth's reign ; but from the Bl ° g ' D ' ct ' 
 evidence adduced it is certain he was regarded by his contempo- 
 raries as an author of considerable attainments and genius. His 
 Emblems are not often to be met with entirely perfect, and his 
 Fables and Epigrams, if ever they existed, are not found, I 
 believe, in the most curious and extensive of libraries. In Bel- 
 gium, the country where its printer (Plantin) lived, it is more rare 
 than even in England.f 
 
 * The words, "thy name subscribed with thy pen," seem to intimate that this was 
 a presentation copy ; unfortunately the copy is imperfect, so that the fact cannot be 
 verified. 
 
 + During the summer of 1863 I diligently inquired in the public libraries of Brus- 
 sels, Ghent, Bruges and Antwerp, and did not meet with a single copy. And in the 
 present summer of 1865 I have renewed my researches through the public, and some 
 valuable private, libraries in Rotterdam, the Hague, Leyden, Haarlem and Amsterdam : 
 but, though I found emblem-books of great rarity, as the German edition of Sebastian 
 Brant's Fool-freighted Ship, in the Royal Library of the Hague, no copy of Whitney's 
 
 John Allen of 
 Baliol, Oxford. 
 
xxxii 
 
 Introductory Dissertation. 
 
 An eminent critic of the emblem literature, Samuel Egerton 
 v. e pf 2« Llt Brydges, remarks : " I have every reason to suppose that this 
 curious work is of the greatest rarity, which may be accounted 
 for in some degree by its having been printed abroad ; and it is 
 very rarely (from what cause I am unable to conjecture) that a 
 perfect copy is to be met with in this country. I refer the reader 
 Prin'tbgfp.°695. to Herbert's Ames for some account of it ; in addition to which 
 I beg to observe, that many of the woodcuts, with which each 
 page is adorned, display considerable ingenuity in design, and 
 great excellence in point of execution." 
 
 The ingenuity and excellence thus praised are comparative, 
 not in reference to the triumphs of higher art, but when placed 
 beside the other emblem publications of the age : and being thus 
 judged, there are none which surpass Whitney in typographical 
 merit, or which give a truer representation of that school of 
 literature to which he belongs. 
 
 One at least of our modern writers very prettily sets forth the 
 estimation which he entertained for Whitney : " We have known," 
 Retrospective he says, " those whose boyish days have been made more agree- 
 
 Review _ "~ 
 
 vol. p. 124. able by the emblems of Whitney, who could recollect the differ- 
 ent prints, their situation, the details, the whole, to their then 
 delighted minds, beautiful pictures, which adorn that most ancient 
 preceptor in emblematic art. But the emblems of Whitney and 
 of Quarles have given place to meaner efforts of art, both of the 
 pen and pencil ; gaudy silly prints, and sillier illustrative verses, 
 now occupy the juvenile library. Alas'1 emblems have faded, 
 
 Emblems was forthcoming ; to not more than two persons was his name known, and 
 only one had ever seen his work. A similar statement may be made respecting the 
 cities in Belgium before mentioned ; and in addition, respecting the University Library 
 of Louvain, — the fine old library "de l'Abbaye du Pare" near Louvain, — the exten- 
 sive and curious collection made by M. Van der Haeghen of Ghent, — and that richly- 
 stored treasure-room " du Grand Seminaire" at Bruges, where but for the depreda- 
 tors of the French revolution would now be found in greater number the choice speci- 
 mens of the skill and loving labour which was bestowed on classic and christian books. 
 Here was shown me an emblem-book in manuscript, excellently illuminated, and in 
 workmanship probably of the thirteenth century, " De UoIucrtilUS, StSjC lie trtbus 
 ffioItttrtbtS," i.e. Concerning Birds or the three Doves, by Hugo de Foliato, prior of 
 Saint Laurence at Amiens. Many birds of many kinds are depicted, as the Hawk, the 
 Sparrow, the Pelican and the Ostrich — their properties supposed or real pointed out, 
 and their emblematical significations given. One of the more curious illustrations is 
 the Cedar- tree, where, as the expression runs, the birds "nidificant" in the branches. 
 
Introductory Dissertation. 
 
 xxxiii 
 
 and their poetry decayed ; and, as we have no hopes to resusci- 
 tate them, all we can do is to embalm their memory, and adorn 
 them with a wreath of their own flowers." 
 
 The reviewer then weaves his garland for Alciatus, Whitney Retrospective 
 and Withers. The whole of the fine fable of Cupid and Death pp. 124, 128. 
 
 1 . . , 1 -c 1 J ■ ' 1 •» Whitney's Emb. 
 
 exchanging arrows is presented as at once beautiful and simple ; pp. 132, 133. 
 and the writer adds : " We shall extract a few emblems from this 
 rare book, not, however, on account of its rarity, but the intrinsic 
 merit of the compositions. There is a freshness about the early 
 writers of our country, not so much, however, in the thought it- 
 self, as in the simple manner in which it is conveyed ; an almost 
 child-like simplicity of expression, as appropriate as it is artless, 
 which has an irresistible charm for us. Their's seems the lan- 
 guage in which Nature herself would unfold her beauties and 
 her verities. It gives even the appearance of novelty, as well as 
 strength and propriety, to the thought, and never bears the marks 
 of effort, or constraint." 
 
 A few selections are then made by the reviewer ; one, addressed 
 to MILES Hobart, Esq., "The sound conscience is a brazen wall;" Whitney's Emb. 
 
 A PP- "7, 193 and 
 
 one, to Sir William RUSSELL, Knight, "The name of the brave '98. 
 is immortal;" and a third, "to EDWARDE PASTON, Esquier," 
 "The mind not the wealth." Of this last, for its general excellence, 
 we subjoin the first stanza : 
 
 N christall towers, and turrets richlie sette 
 With glittering gemmes, that shine against the sonne : 
 In regall roomes of Jasper, and of Jette, 
 Contente of minde, not alwaies likes to wonne : 
 But often times, it pleaseth her to staye 
 In simple, cotes, clos'de in with walles of claye." 
 
 Dibdin's notice of our author is in close union of sentiment Dibdin's Bibiiog. 
 with the Retrospective Review. " Why has my Philemon," he p. 275™' 
 asks, "forgotten to mention the 'Choice of Emblems' of Geffrey 
 Whitney ? Had he seen the delectable copy of that amusing 
 book in the possession of my friend Mr. Bolland, it would have 
 made an impression upon his mind, at least of no quickly-perish- 
 able nature. Whitney printed his copious quarto in 1586 at 
 Leyden ' In the House of Christopher Plantynl by his son-in-law 
 Raphelengius ; and this is probably the only English book which 
 
 I 
 
xxxiv Introductory Dissertation. 
 
 owes its existence to the matrices and puncheons of the immortal 
 Plantyn.* I wish it were better executed — for the love I bear 
 towards the memory of that great typographer : but the embel- 
 lishments are generally indifferent, and almost all of them are 
 copies of what had appeared in previous publications, especially 
 in Parading 
 
 See Appendix, As w [\\ afterwards be shown, this last statement is far from 
 
 chap. 1. ' 
 
 being correct. Indeed there is occasionally a superficialness in 
 Dibdin which detracts considerably from our entire trust to his 
 authority. He is a perfect bibliolater of old books, especially if 
 they be beautiful as well as rare, and describes them as if he 
 would have his hearers under the same enchantment with him- 
 self; but he does not always discriminate the materials out of 
 which the worshipped idols are made, nor remember that an ex- 
 act judgment is of far greater value than an admiring veneration. 
 History of Ormerod's account of Whitney is chiefly taken from Anthony 
 
 Cheshire, vol. 111. J J 
 
 p- z 3°- Wood's A thence Oxonienses and from Dibdin's Decameron. He 
 
 decides that " the Choice of Emblemes is indebted for its celebrity 
 more to the beauty of its embellishments than to its matter." 
 "The subjects," he adds, "are chiefly treated in couples of 
 stanzas (but the form and length of the verses is varied occa- 
 sionally), and some of them are inscribed to his relatives and 
 friends." 
 
 Proceedings of Our choice of remarks upon Whitney we will terminate with 
 
 Liverpool Phil. x 
 
 society, 1849, those of the late Joseph Brooks Yates, esq. " It was only to- 
 wards the close of the sixteenth century that any English writers 
 turned their attention to the class of composition now under 
 
 See "Annates de * In this conjecture Dibdin and Mr. J. B.Yates are slightly mistaken; for in the year 
 pfantintenne par I 5%$> tne y ear before Whitney's Emblems appeared, the following work was issued 
 MM^De Backer from the same press : and when the treasures of the Plantin Library at Antwerp, so 
 premiere partie, long hidden, shall be revealed, as probably they will be during the next year, then 
 Plantfn Phe other English works may become known as printed by Plantin : ' 1 The Explanation of 
 155S-1589, the true and lawfutt Right and Tytle of Anthonie, the most excellent prince, the first of 
 
 BruxeUes 1865. that name King of Portugall, concerning his warres againste Phillip, king of Castile for 
 the recouerie of his Kingdom. Translated into English, and conferred with the Trench 
 and latine copies.^ Leyden, in the printing house of Christopher Plantyn. 1585."+ 
 
 In the absence of contrary evidence there is some probability that this translation was 
 Whitney's work. The Latin edition was printed in 1583, and 1585 marks the time 
 when Whitney's connection with Plantin and Rapheleng existed, or was commenced. 
 
 t "Br. in-4 0 . De 54 pages, plus : A Pedigree, or table of genealogie, etc. (Cat. etc. of the British 
 Museum; Lowndes, Bibliogr. Manual, i. 49.)" 
 
Introductory Dissertation. 
 
 xxxv 
 
 review. In the year 1 586 Geoffrey Whitney, a native of Nampt- 
 wich in Cheshire, published at Leyden (where he was then re- 
 siding) his ' Choice of Emblems', printed by Christopher Plantyn, 
 and probably the only English book which owes its existence to 
 the types of that celebrated printer. Its merit is derived more 
 from its being the first publication of a Book of Emblems which 
 had appeared in our language, than from the excellence of the 
 verses, which are for the most part translations from the Latin 
 authors whose works we have been considering. Most of the 
 engravings also are from the same Blocks as they had em- 
 ployed.* The Book is inscribed to the Earl of Leycester, lately 
 made Governor of the Low Countries, and many of the Emblems 
 are dedicated f to Cheshire Gentlemen." 
 
 Having set forth the opinions of various writers respecting 
 Whitney and his works, I reserve, in some degree, my own, until 
 I have told what I have to tell respecting his family and himself. 
 
 SECTION II. — The Whitneys of Herefordshire 
 and Cheshire. 
 
 VERY question as to the ancient pedi- 
 grees of families, especially when decay 
 has followed comparative wealth and 
 distinction, is generally accompanied by 
 doubts remaining to be solved, and by 
 inaccuracies almost unavoidable. Such 
 there are, and probably ever will be, in 
 any memoir of Geffrey Whitney or of 
 the members of his race. 
 
 The name itself, as applicable to a family, like a vast number 
 
 * Through researches made in various libraries, I have been enabled to show fully, 
 if not completely, from what authors and from what editions of their works the en- 
 gravings in Whitney have been borrowed. This subject will be found treated of in my 
 Appendix, chap, i., with some brief notice of the artists by whom the woodcuts were 
 produced. 
 
 + Also to members of the Universities of Oxford and Cambridge, to various clergy- 
 men and preachers, and to other persons of station and repute, whom Whitney counted 
 among his patrons or friends. Several of his Leyden friends are also introduced. 
 Ames remarks: "Many of the very neat wooden cuts, and verses, are inscribed to the 
 greatest men of the age, both here and abroad. " 
 
xxxvi 
 
 Introductory Dissertation. 
 
 Duncumb's 
 Collections ; 
 Herefordshire, 
 vol. i. p. 61. 
 
 Duncumb, 
 vol. ii. p. 153. 
 Lysons' 
 
 Cheshire, vol. ii. 
 P- 473- 
 
 Athena; Oxon. 
 
 Duncumb's 
 Herefordshire, 
 vol. ii. p 153. 
 
 Pict. History 
 of England, 
 vol. iii. p. 425. 
 
 27 Henry VIII. 
 
 of other proper names, was first given to a place. The Domesday- 
 book mentions Witenie, i.e. Whitney, as being in Elsedune hun- 
 dred in the county of Hereford. Other places in other counties 
 bear the same name ; but it does not follow that the resident 
 owners of the land, though bearing that name, are of the slight- 
 est affinity in blood. 
 
 Of the gens, or family, to which Geffrey Whitney belonged, 
 there appear to have been two principal branches : the elder 
 settled at Whitney in Herefordshire, and possessing other estates 
 within the county ; and the younger having their homestead at 
 Coole Pilate in the parish of Acton, near Nantwich, in Cheshire. 
 Both branches however are of considerable antiquity, and inter- 
 married with the leading families of their respective neighbour- 
 hoods. 
 
 Anthony Wood favours the notion that Geffrey Whitney, the 
 emblematist, was closely allied to the Herefordshire family ; but, 
 if by close alliance be meant immediate relationship, this notion 
 is unsupported by adequate testimony. General tradition, histo- 
 rical evidence, and family pedigrees show the Cheshire Whitneys 
 to have been of an independent stock for several generations. 
 
 The original Whitneys derived their name from their place of 
 residence : they were — Eustace de Whitney, or Roger, or Bald- 
 win de Whitney, as the christian name might be. On the con- 
 fines of Herefordshire, a little north of the point where the county 
 touches upon Radnor and Brecknock, — that was their cradle. 
 Here the lovely Wye enters into England, and its first work is 
 to flow between the parishes of Whitney and Clifford. On the 
 bank to the north was formerly the castle of Whitney, one of the 
 Welsh border strongholds, now represented by a group of mounds 
 and also by Whitney-court, the residence of the present proprie- 
 tors. 
 
 The parish church of Whitney is about four miles from the 
 Hay in Brecon, and seventeen miles from Hereford. The parish 
 contains nearly 1500 acres, the chief owners being Tomkyns 
 Drew, esq., and the Rev. Spenser Phillips. In the old time it was 
 a portion of the long-stretching debatable ground, within which 
 were one hundred and forty-one little lordships, often at war 
 with each other, and "amenable only to their several feudal 
 chiefs." It was not included in either of the three adjoining 
 
Introductory Dissertation. xxxvii 
 
 counties, until in 1535 — by act of parliament for the incorpora- 
 tion of England and Wales — Huntington, Clifford, Winforton, Pe . nn y. c y cl °p- 
 
 o o vol. xu. p. 153. 
 
 Eardesley, and Whitney were united into the hundred of Hunt- 
 ington. That act serves to designate both the situation of the 
 parish and the condition of the family. As a parish Whitney 
 was protected and oppressed by one of those castles, like Gros- 
 mont, Skeafrith and White-castle, not to mention Ragland, 
 which in their pride of state were of far more importance than 
 the border peels or towers in the north of England.* As a 
 family the Whitneys were a superior class of Wat Tinlings, doing 
 perpetual battle in their own behalf, and, except when it suited 
 their purposes, bidding defiance to right and law. 
 
 In the earlier times, when Bohuns, Mortimers, and the bishops 
 of Hereford convulsed the whole country, and overshadowed 
 even the royal sovereignty, little trace of the Whitneys appears 34 Edward 1. 
 upon record ; yet, in A.D. 1 306, a Eustacius de Whyteneye WaS Duncumb's 
 knighted at the same time with a Corbet, a Lacy, and a Marmyon ; vol. i. p. 79. 
 and previous to that the same Eustace, in 1277 and 1280, acted 
 as patron of the living of Pencomb, and in the latter year pre- 
 sented a Roger de Whitney. In 1342 W. D. de Witenie was 
 the incumbent; in 1353 Baldwin de Whitney ; and after 1378 Duncumb, 
 
 vol. ii. p. 153. 
 
 Eustacius Whitney. The patrons of this living at various times, 
 from 1353 to 1590, were, Robert de Whitney, 1353; Baldwin de 
 Whitney, 1357 ; Robert Whitney, knt, 1419 and 1428 ; Robert 
 Whitney, 1539; then the Crown, during the minority of a Robert 
 Whitney ; and again in 1567, a Robert Whitney, knt.; and lastly 
 James Whitney, knt., in 1 590. 
 
 In the offices of sheriffs of their county, knights of the shire 
 in parliament, and justices in the commission of the peace, the 
 name Whitney may be traced in Herefordshire from Henry V. 
 (141 3) to George III. (1799). 
 
 Thus of Sheriffs of Herefordshire there have been : 
 
 Henry V. 1413. 11. Robert Whitney, knt. £ereCd b s'hire 
 
 1. Robert Whitney. 15. Robert Whitney. vol i - pp- '39-149- 
 
 Henry VI. 1422. Edward VI. 1461. 
 
 6. Robert Whitney, knt. 15. Robert Whitney. 
 
 - * For opening to me the sources of information respecting the Herefordshire Whit- 
 neys, I here confess my obligations to Thomas Heywood esq., F.S.A., Hope End, 
 Ledbury. 
 
xxxviii Introductory Dissertation. 
 
 Elizabeth. 1558. 38. Eustace Whitney. 
 
 16. James Whitney, knt. Charles I. 1625. 
 
 28. James Whitney, lent.* 14. Robert Whitney, knt. 
 
 Of Knights of the Shire in parliament : 
 DuncumVs Edward II. 1307. 3. Robert de Whitteney, knt. 
 
 Herefordshire, 0 3 
 
 vol. i. pp. 150-157. 6. Eustace de Whitney. Henry VI. 1422. 
 
 25. Eustace de Whitney. 1. Robert Whitteney. 
 
 Edward III. 1327. Edward IV. 1461. 
 
 51. Robert Whitteney. 7. Eustace Whitney. 
 
 Richard II. 1377. Elizabeth, 1558. 
 
 2. Robert de Whitteney. -' 1. Robert Whitney, knt. 
 
 The Robert Whitney of the parliament of 1 Elizabeth had 
 "receaued the honorable Ordre of Knighthode in the tyme of the 
 British Museum, reigne of Queene Mary," and his crest, we are informed, was the 
 
 Bibl. Cotton. fa ^ ' ' 
 
 Claudius c. iii. head of an ox ; but another sir Robert Whitney, with the same 
 
 Plut. xxi. F. ' J ' 
 
 crest, is recorded to have been "dubbed at wynesore" after 1566 
 and before 1570. From there being a sir James Whitney, knt, 
 of Herefordshire, in 1574 (16 Elizabeth), it maybe conjectured 
 that the second of the two sir Robert Whitneys, "dubbed" so 
 near together, was of the Cheshire family, and brother to the 
 " Master John Whitney" on whose death Roger Ascham wrote 
 a lamentation, "which was afterwards translated by Kendall, 
 and published in his Flowers of Epigrammes (i2mo i$77> 
 Athene Oxon. &)." " This was, perhaps, our author's (Geffrey Whitney's) uncle," 
 p-5*7- ' so Philip Bliss supposes, "as Ascham, or rather his translator, 
 speaks of his dying young :" 
 
 " Yong yeres to yeeld suche fruite in courte 
 Where seede of vice is sowne, 
 Is some tyme redde, in some place seen, 
 Amongst vs seldome knowne." 
 
 It must however be remembered that we possess nothing of 
 certainty on this point. We know that our author was of Che- 
 shire birth, and if " Master John Whitney" was Geffrey's uncle, 
 he probably was also Cheshire born, and so would the second 
 sir Robert Whitney his brother be. 
 
 As a matter of course the name Whitney occurs in the lists of 
 
 Gent. Mag. 
 1847, p. 484. 
 
 * It may be mentioned that this sir James Whitney, knt., in 1584 and 1585 sought 
 in marriage the hand of Barbara countess of Leicester. 
 
Introductory Dissertation. 
 
 xxxix 
 
 gentlemen in the commission of the peace for Herefordshire ; as 
 temp. Elizabeth, Eustace Whitney ; about 1673 Thomas Whitney guncumVs 
 of Whitney ;* in 1799 James Whitney of Norton Canon, related vol 1 pp-™*. 
 to the family of Whitney-court. 
 
 The sir Robert Whitney, knt, of king James's and of Charles's 
 reign, had four sons who all died without issue, and four daugh- 
 ters to whom the estate descended. They all married and en- 
 joyed shares in the property. Robert Rodd, the only son and 
 heir to Thomas Rodd, married Hannah Whitney, one of the four 
 daughters, and conveyed her share to Robert Price of Foxley, 
 by whom it was sold to William Wardour. 
 
 William Wardour acquired the rest of the estate, and built the 
 present Whitney-court, and also in 1740 Whitney church. The 
 former church had been swept away by an overwhelming flood 
 of the river Wye, and of the old monuments only one was spared, 
 that to the memory of Williams of Cabalva in the neighbour- 
 hood, who married into the Whitney family. 
 
 Mrs. Bourne held the property from William Wardour, and 
 left it to her godson, the grandfather of the present owner Tom- 
 kyns Drew, esq., and of his brother the Rev. Henry Drew, rector 
 of the parish. 
 
 In passing from the Whitneys of Herefordshire to those of 
 Cheshire, we may refer again to the two sir Robert Whitneys 
 of Mary's and of Elizabeth's reigns. According to "Amies in 
 Cheshire after the maner of the A Iphabeth," we do not ascertain King's vak 
 
 J J r ' Royal, p. in. 
 
 what the Whitney s crest was, only their shield ; neither have we 
 evidence that the Hereford and Chester branches of the same 
 stem bore different cognizances ; the argument therefore is incon- 
 clusive which maintains that, because the same crest is assigned 
 
 * Probably to the same family is to be assigned John Whitney, the author of a very 
 rare book; Genteel Recreation, or the Pleasure of Angling, a Poem, with a Dialogue 
 between Piscator and Cory don. i2mo. 1700. There was a rev. George Whitney, 
 instituted in 1807 to the rectory of Stretford, Herefordshire, who died in 1836. I Gent. Mag. 
 have read somewhere that a captain Whitney was a companion of sir Walter Raleigh, l8 3 6 > P- 43»- 
 and of the name a lieutenant fought at Worcester on the royalists' side. If Whitney 
 the highwayman was a member of the family, it would be but an outbreak of the old 
 spirit of the border chieftains. His exploits are narrated in "The Jacobite robber. 
 Account of the famous life and memorable actions of captain J. Whitney." London 
 1693, 4to. 
 
Introdtictory Dissertation. 
 
 to each of the sir Robert Whitneys in question, — they were both 
 of the Herefordshire family. Besides the christian names of the 
 heads of the Hereford Whitneys, except at the very beginning 
 of Elizabeth's reign, are James and Eustace, James being a 
 knight ; and among the Cheshire Whitneys of the same period 
 British Museum we find one Robert, if not two ; namely, Robert Whitney of 
 piut. 56. 1 Coole, mentioned in the Visitation of Chester in 1580, and by 
 the Emblems, p. 91, in 1586, — and Robert Whitney, returned to 
 Blomefield's parliament in 1585 as member for Thetford, when Geffrey Whit- 
 
 Norfolk, vol. i. _ _ .. . , _ . ... 
 
 pp. 467, 468. ney was at Yarmouth m the same county. The probability then 
 is, that the knight Robert of Mary's reign was of Herefordshire, 
 and the knight Robert of Elizabeth's reign of Cheshire ; in fact 
 of the same family as that to which our emblematist belonged — 
 the brother of one Geffrey, the father of another, and the uncle 
 of a third. 
 
 The head of an ox, as in our frontispiece, being assigned to 
 the two knights Robert Whitney, it may be considered as the 
 recognised badge of the families, and therefore is appropriately 
 introduced,* as the emblem of steady and honourable industry, 
 to symbolize our author's genius and labours. The autograph 
 below the print was furnished me by an eminent investigator of 
 old documents, Mr. T. W. Jones of Nantwich, with the assurance 
 that it is authentic and genuine,f from a signature of the same 
 date with the Emblems, but by which of the three cotemporane- 
 ous Geffrey Whitneys of Nantwich is not ascertained. 
 
 At length we come to treat more particularly of the Cheshire 
 Whitneys ; they were established in the county, and at Coole 
 Pilate, a township in the wide-spread parish of Acton near Nant- 
 
 * It is adopted from one of the emblem writers, Achilles Bocchius, A.D. 1573, and 
 the original was engraved on copper by Agostino Caracci. In this connection it may 
 be noted that the symbols on our title-page are also from Achilles Bocchius, who 
 names them Egyptian characters. They have been re-arranged to suit a title-page, 
 and are merely a fancy of the editor's. 
 
 + Of Whitney's autographs we present an unquestioned one from a book which once 
 belonged to him, Paradin's Devises Htrdiques. A curious paper in Notes and Queries, 
 "Autographs in Books," signed H. C. W., gives the following : " 2. Oclandii Anglo- 
 rum Prcelia. London 1582, i2mo. At the bottom of the title-page occurs (in MS.) 
 ' G. Whytney, Cestrensis ;' at the top the motto, ' Constanter et syn . . . . ' (the rest is 
 missing)." " I never saw his handwriting before. It would seem from this specimen 
 that he was a native of Chester." On this Dr. Edward F. Rimbault remarks, " This 
 old poet was certainly a native of Cheshire," and cites Whitney's Emblems, p. 177. 
 
 Bocchius Embl. 
 '47, P- 344. 
 
 Plate VII. 
 
 Second series, 
 vol. ii. p. 186. 
 
 Notes and 
 Queries, second 
 series, vol. ii. 
 P. 357- 
 
Introductory Dissertation. 
 
 xli 
 
 wich, almost as soon as those of Herefordshire were upon the 
 
 Welsh border. "The manor" of Coole Pilate, say the Lysons, Magna Brit. 
 
 vol. ii. Cheshire, 
 
 writing in 1810, "which was anciently parcel of the barony ofp-473- 
 Wich-Malbank, is now the property of Lord Kilmorey : in this 
 township were two halls, with considerable estates annexed, one 
 of which belonged to the Whitneys, who became possessed of it a.d. 1377-1399- 
 in the reign of Richard II. and had a seat there for many gene- 
 rations : this estate was purchased in 1744 of Mr. Hugh Whitney, 
 by whose death the family is supposed to have become extinct.* 
 The purchaser was Mr. John Darlington, whose daughter brought 
 it in marriage to Henry Tomkinson esq. of Dorfold, the present 
 proprietor : the hall is occupied by a farmer." 
 
 The Vale Royal of England testifies to the fact which the Ly- 
 sons record. It describes where the brook Combrus, from which 
 Combermere has its name, " meeteth shortly with the Water of King's ed. 1656, 
 
 pt. ii. p. 65. 
 
 Weever, about Broomhall a great Township," "near whereunto is 
 scituate a Demean of the Whitneys, called the Mannour of Cole 
 Pilate" 
 
 This manor, in the parish of Acton, was the homestead of the 
 family ; and here or in the neighbourhood they long dwelt. 
 Their alliances show them to have been of consideration in Che- 
 shire in the old time. About the reign of Henry VII. Anne, Ormerod's 
 
 0 J ' Cheshire, 
 
 daughter of John Brooke of Leighton, in Nantwich hundred, vo1 - "'• p- 
 became the wife of Thomas Whitney of Coole. She was the sir p. Leycester, 
 
 1 T» • 1 1 -r» 1 t-> 1/- Hist, and Antiq. 
 
 aunt to the Richard Brooke, esq., who " Purchased from the p- 32- 
 King the Mannor of Norton with its Members and Appur- ]]£ en - VIIL 
 tenances." f 
 
 Hugh Massey, of Denfield and Audlem, also in Nantwich 
 
 * In speaking of the extinction of the Cheshire Whitneys, the Lysons are not entirely 
 correct. Towards the end of last century, Mr. Silas Whitney, also a poet, or writer 
 of verse, from the neighbourhood of Nantwich, carried on business in Knutsford as a 
 cotton manufacturer. He was reputed to be descended from the Whitneys of Coole 
 Pilate, and a relative of the celebrated Josiah Wedgwood. When political feeling ran 
 high and fierce about the first French revolution, he is said to-have emigrated to the 
 United States of North America, then in their rising glory. There the name is borne 
 by many families, among whom very probably are to be found the lineal representatives 
 of the Cheshire Whitneys. In the county at the present time there are few persons of 
 the same name, but their relationship, if any, to the emblematist is not claimed by 
 them, nor ascertained. 
 
 + Among the Cheshire Records of Mr. T. W. Jones occur " the following members 
 of the Whitney (or Whytney) family" : — 
 
 / 
 
xlii 
 
 Introductory Dissertation. 
 
 Ormerod's 
 Cheshire, 
 vol. iii. p. 247. 
 
 hundred, son and heir of William Massey (who came of age 3 
 sir p. Leycester, Edward VI., A.D. 1 550. and was descended from sir Geoffrey 
 
 Hist. and Antiq. ' J 
 
 p- 371- Massey of Tatton, near Knutsford, " who died 4 die Octobris 
 
 1457"), married " Elizabeth, sister of Hugh Whitney of Coolane 
 in Wrenbury." He died in 1646, and was buried at Audlem* 
 
 The manor-house of Coole Pilate is pleasantly situated on the 
 bank of the river Weever at a short distance from the stream, 
 and is now occupied by a farmer. Of the old structure little 
 remains, except on the side looking towards the river. This side 
 or wing is in the usual style of ancient Cheshire houses, — a 
 frame-work of timber painted externally black, and filled in with 
 whitened plaster or brick. Between the house and the river is 
 an old brine spring of at least one hundred and fifty feet deep, 
 the brine rising to the surface. In former times salt was made 
 
 Letters dated 
 May 19, 1862, 
 and June 3, 1865. 
 
 Index to the 
 Wills. 
 
 Lane, and Chesh. 
 Wills, vol. ii. pp. 
 126-128. 
 
 Will in the Pro- 
 bate court, 1598. 
 
 Ormerod's 
 Cheshire, vol. ii. 
 P- 345- 
 
 Ormerod, vol. iii. 
 PP- 95, 247- 
 Mr. T. W. Jones, 
 3rd June 1865. 
 
 The name Whitney, in the 4th of Henry VI., A.D. 1428, relating to estates in 
 
 Nantwich and in the neighbourhood of Coole Pilate ; 
 A Hugh [Whytney] of Coole Pilate in the reign of king Henry VIII. ; 
 A Thomas Whytney, "no doubt an ancestor of Geoff. Whitney, the Poet," in 
 
 the first year of queen Mary's reign, A.D. 1553; 
 A Richard Whytney in 1562; 
 
 Also the Geffrey Whytney whose autograph is given on the frontispiece to this 
 work ; 
 
 A Hugh Whytney in the 20th of king James, A.D. 1623; and lastly, 
 Thomas Whitney, esq re , who died at Malpas in March 1792, aged 80. 
 
 In the Probate Court at Chester are found the names of : 
 Whitney Thomas, of Barthomley, Adm n 1598 ; 
 Whitney Hugh, of Coole, gent., Inventory 161 1 ; 
 Whitney Michael, of Newhall, Inventory 16 1 7. 
 
 Other instances also occur, as : In the time of Elizabeth, nth January 1592, " Mrs. 
 Margaret Whitney;" she is named in the will of "Richard Bradshaw, servante at 
 armes" to the queen. He was of the family of " Bradshaigh of Haigh," "now repre- 
 sented by the Earl of Crawford and Balcarres ;" and acknowledges himself indebted 
 "to Mrs. Margaret Whitney widow" in the sum " of xxyj 11 xiii 3 iiii d ." 
 
 Thomas Whitney of Barthomley, husbandman, 39 Elizabeth left three sons, Edward, 
 Thomas and James, and a daughter Elizabeth, to whom 45/. was bequeathed. 
 
 The Thomas Whitney of Malpas, gentleman, who died in 1792, lost his wife Eliza- 
 beth in the 20th year of her age, December 1740. There is, or was, a monument to 
 her memory in Malpas church. 
 
 * Four daughters were the issue of this marriage: Elizabeth, wife to John Page, 
 esq., of Eardshaw, living in 1666; Jane, to Edward Gregge, esq., of Bradley; Anne, to 
 Cholmondeley Salmon, esq., of Coolane; and Maria, to John Millington, esq., of Mil- 
 lington. The son, William Massey, who died in 1668, married Dorothy, daughter of 
 George Cotton of Combermere, esq. Thus some of the Whitney blo'od must be flow- 
 ing in the veins of very many of the gentry of Cheshire. 
 
Introductory Dissertation. 
 
 xliii 
 
 here, and traces of the fuel employed are often found in the soil, 
 but the spring has not been worked in living memory. The op- 
 posite bank of the river is elevated and covered with wood, and 
 the whole valley is undulating, and at some distance, at Comber- See Plate xiv. 
 mere, very picturesque. Here and there, by the rough road-side 
 to the manor-house and close to it, are a few oaks, each of which 
 numbers up centuries of life ; and they are the only unquestion- 
 able relics of the age when Whitney the poet, in the boyhood 
 of which he writes so tenderly, played and rambled with his 
 brother Brooke, and his sisters Isabella a poetess, and Mary and 
 Ann, in the fields and pretty country around.* 
 
 This homestead, or some other in the neighbourhood, it is 
 most probable was the birthplace of our Geffrey Whitney ; 
 though some lines in the Poems of his sister Isabella, published 
 in 1573, intimate that his father at one time of his married life 
 lived in London, for she writes in her fantastical will :f 
 " To Smithfeilde I must something leaue, 
 my Parents there did dwell." % 
 
 There are, however, undeniable proofs that the poet's younger 
 years were passed at Coole Pilate or the immediate neighbour- 
 hood. The ancient grammar school at Audlem, a small country 
 town about three miles from Coole Pilate, was of a certainty the 
 place of his early education. He addresses the youth of that 
 school — 
 
 "Watche, write, and reade, and spend, no idle hower ;" Emblems, p. 171. 
 
 and expressly affirms it to be the place 
 
 " wheare I my prime did spende." 
 
 The motto, "Patria cuique ckara," His native land to every 
 one is dear, he illustrates from 
 
 * The Rev. Robert S. Redfern, vicar of Acton, of whose large parish Coole Pilate 
 is a part, most courteously pointed out these localities to me, and I here most cordially 
 acknowledge my obligations to him. 
 
 + Not an actual will and testament, but a work of mere fancy. 
 
 % It may be that the poet's mother was a Cartwright, sister to the Geffrey Cart- Emblems, p. 166. 
 wrighte owned as an uncle in the Emblems; for, before 1600 there certainly were Cart- 
 wrights at Sheppenhall in Wrenbury, a neighbouring parish to Acton and Audlem. 
 ,r A Nycholas Cartwright of Nantwich" is recorded in 1592; William Cartwright, Letter Mr. 
 
 apothecary of London, was also a freeholder of Nantwich in i;q6; and a Tohn Cart- J? n 5 s ° fNant ; 
 
 J wich, June 3rd 
 
 wnght is named m a post-mortem inquisition in 1635. 1865. 
 
xliv 
 
 Introductory Dissertation. 
 
 Plate xiv. " Cvmbermaire that fame so far commendes ; 
 
 A stately seate, whose like is harde to fmde ;" 
 
 This mansion of the Cottons,* now viscounts Combermere, has 
 been superseded by a nobler edifice ; it is in the immediate 
 neighbourhood of Coole Pilate, and is spoken of by Whitney 
 with fond affection : 
 
 Emblems, p, too. " So, thoughe some men doe linger longe away, 
 
 Yet loue they best their natiue countries ground. 
 And from the same, the more they absent bee 
 With more desire, they wishe the same to see." 
 
 He then adds, as if to certify of his youthful home : 
 
 " Euen so my selfe, throughe absence manie a yeere, 
 A straunger meere, where I did spend my prime. 
 Now, parentes loue dothe hale me by the eare, 
 And sayeth, come home, deferre no longer time : 
 
 Wherefore, when happe, some goulden honie bringes : 
 I will retorne, and rest my wearie wings." 
 
 The lines addressed to " THOMAS WlLBRAHAM, Esquier" of 
 Woodhey, in the same parish of Acton with Coole Pilate, imply 
 familiarity with that "old English gentleman's" character, which 
 residence in the same neighbourhood only could in that day 
 produce. The poet says of him : 
 
 Emblems, p. 199. " by P r oofe I knowe, you hourde not vp your store; 
 
 Whose gate, is open to your frende: and puree, vnto the pore :" 
 " Whose daily studie is, your countrie to adorne : 
 And for to keepe a worthie house, in place where you weare borne." 
 
 The restoration of Nantwich from its state of ruin, consequent 
 on the terrible fire of 1583, gave Whitney occasion for stating 
 more explicitly the neighbourhood, if not the exact place, of his 
 birth. The device of the phoenix, rising from its ashes, is de- 
 Emblems, p. 177 voted " To my countrimen of the Namptwiche in Chesshire!' We 
 Plate vii.; and may note that he says his countrimen, not his tozvnsmen. In his 
 ries, znd ser. vol. autographs he styles himself, " Gulfridus Whytney Cestreshir" 
 and " G. Whytney, Cestrensis." 
 
 The registers of Acton parish, within the ample boundaries of 
 
 * It is through the permission of George Ormerod, esq., LL.D., the historian of 
 Cheshire, that the illustrative plate (XIV.) is given. 
 
 Ormerod, 
 vol. iii. p. HI. 
 
Introductory Dissertation. xlv 
 
 which Whitney most probably was born, are of too recent a date 
 
 to furnish evidence of his birth or of his baptism ; and those of 
 
 Nantwich, which is a town and territory cut out -of the middle of 
 
 the ancient Acton, and intervening between it and Coole Pilate, 
 
 though beginning " the first Day of Januarie in the Yeare of our See ms. ^ ^ 
 
 Lord God one thousand, fine hundred seuenty & tow," are also not the Parishe of 
 
 ' J s ' Wiche Mal- 
 
 sufficiently remote.* There exists however most satisfactory banke" 
 testimony, that in 1573 the family, of which Geffrey Whitney 
 was the eldest, numbered two brothers, himself and Brooke, and 
 four sisters, Ann Borron (married), Isabella (the poetess), and 
 two younger " seruinge in London." " Certain familier Epistles 
 and friendly Letters by the Auctor," Isabella Whitney, are ad- 0ct - J S73. 
 dressed to various of her relatives ; as — "To her Brother, G. W.," 
 i.e. Geffrey Whitney. 
 
 "<§00tf 3Sroff)er tolje a fcacat time 
 Uotlj cause sou Ijence to rgoe: 
 ®rits tfjat tlje fertgl feelirs 00 mafte 
 gou from tlje (Itttte Sgire." &t. 
 " JSut Stgll to frfenifS I must ajueale 
 (anij uevt our pareuteS ireare) 
 gou are antr must lie cijtefeSt StafEe, 
 tijat 3E SljaTI Stag on Ijeare." Sec. 
 
 "|9flur lougug (ttiougl) lucit leSSe) 
 lister. Is. W." 
 
 It would thus appear that Geffrey at this time (1573) was 
 residing in London, probably pursuing the study of the law, or 
 following his profession of a jurisconsult. 
 
 Isabella also endites a familiar letter " To her Brother, B. W.," 
 and enables us to identify him with " M. Br. Whitney," of the Emblems, p. 88, 
 Emblems : 
 
 " <§0Otf 33rotf)er Brooke 1 often loofie 
 
 to ijeare of gour returne : 
 33ut none tan tell, if gau Se foell 
 
 nor foljcre gou iio Soturne : 
 rajjtrf) maiteS me feare tfjat I Sf)alt ijeare 
 
 gaur Ijealtl) apgaireo (S: 
 &nfl aft I ifreao, tfcat gou are oeatr 
 
 or Somtfjgng goetTj amgS." &t. 
 
 " Your louing Sister, Is. W." 
 
 * To the registers of Nantwich I had access through the kindness of the Rev. 
 Andrew F. Chater, the rector of the parish. 
 
xlvi 
 
 Introductory Dissertation. 
 
 There is too, what is especially note-worthy from its genuine 
 sisterly goodness and quaint simplicity, presenting quite a picture 
 of private life in the sixteenth century, " <gLxi tytititV prescrtbeB ilj> 
 Is. W. to two of her yonger Sisters seruinge in London ; " one 
 Emblems, p. 93 . probably being in after-life M. D. Colley : * 
 
 "<§oofj J&teterg mute, foljeu 3E 
 
 gijal further from gnu ofoell : 
 $eruSe these lines, oljtferue tlje x\i\t& 
 
 ialtitl) in tfyz Same I tell. 
 &tt jSFjalT gou foealtl) goSSetf, 
 
 anir quietness of mgnoe : 
 ^Tntr al gaur frterrtrs to it tlje Same, 
 
 a treole tog S&all fgnoe." 
 
 Then follow six curiously-conceived, though sensible and most 
 sisterly admonitions, in six stanzas, of from twelve to twenty 
 lines: i°. To obserue morning prayer; 2°. "All wanton toyes, 
 good sisters now, exile out of your minde ;" 3 0 . To attend to 
 despatch of business ; 4 0 . To be faithful in keeping secrets ; 
 5°. To be guided by virtue ; and 6°. "When master's gon to bed, 
 your Mistresses at rest " — 
 
 " g>ee ffiat tljetr plate »e Safe, 
 attir that via J^ootte 00 latite, 
 J£ee maaveg & SKSutoofoeS finlteif fast 
 for feare of ang foradt." 
 
 The advice ends with enjoining prayer : 
 
 "<®ooir J>tSterS toljeu gou jirag 
 let nte rememSreir 6e; 
 H>o togTl I gau, attir thus I ceaSe 
 ttH 3E gour Selues oo See." 
 
 There is besides an epistle in seven stanzas, of six lines each, 
 Emblems, p. 191. " To her sister Misteris A. B." i.e. Ann Borron : 
 
 " Because I to my Brethern wrote, 
 
 and to my Sisters two ; 
 Good Sister Anne, you this might note, 
 
 yf so I should not doo 
 To you, or ere I parted hence 
 
 you vainely had bestowed expence." 
 
 * The mother doubtless of Mr. William Colley of Eccleston, near Chester, to whom 
 on "the first day of December, Ao 1643," Arthur lord Capell granted a safe conduct, 
 and from whom the present Dr. Davies of Chester is descended. 
 
 Chester Archaso- 
 logical Journal, 
 vol. ii. pp. 397, 
 398 and 173. 
 
Introductory Dissertation. 
 
 xlvii 
 
 This epistle contains a notice of her sister's children : 
 
 " Your Husband with your prety Boyes 
 God keep them free from all annoyes." 
 
 Now in 1586, when the Choice of Emblemes was published, 
 one of these " prety Boyes " was our Geffrey's nephew, Ro. Emblems, p. 191. 
 BORRON ; one of the " yonger Sisters " was M. D. COLLEY, to 
 whom is devoted the device on the virtues of a wife ; and " gootJ Emblems, P . 93. 
 Bl'OHjCt' Brooke" was the person whom Geffrey names "my brother 
 M. Br. Whitney," and whom he instructs in the apologue of a Emblems, P . 88. 
 great heap arising from " manie little thinges." 
 
 And how do we know that " Is. W." is Isabella Whitney ? In 
 Tho. Bir's "commendation of the Authour," the writer of the 
 " Sjtoeet liOSgag " is expressly named : 
 
 " and sure my great good wyll must neuer slake 
 From Whitney : loe, herein some partie take, 
 For in her worke is plainly to be seene 
 
 why Ladies place in Garlands Laurell greene." 
 
 She is also acknowledged as a near kinswoman " by one : to 
 whom shee had written her infortunate state," whatever that may 
 have been, — probably some heart-disappointment : 
 
 " Your Letters ( Cosin ) scarsley seene, 
 
 L catcht into my hand : 
 In hope thereby some happy newes 
 from you to vnder stand. 
 But whe 1 had suruaid the same, and waid the tenor well 
 A heuy heap of soroues did, mi former ioyes expel •" 
 
 and so on, for nearly fifty more lines, ending with — 
 
 "For; &atl) gU Kegevut g* tftntzt, gt tagteti) not g* tarte. 
 tJaur ma&t Iffugns €a^n, W." 
 
 This G. W., no doubt, was the same whom the very graphic 
 lines, " I11 occasionem" on Fortune, designate, " my Kinsman M. Emblems, P . 181. 
 Geffrey Whitney." 
 
 Such were the Whitneys of Coole Pilate in 1573; they all 
 survived until 1586, when others of the family connections are 
 presented to our notice. In the Choice of Emblemes a device is 
 dedicated "Ad Agnatum suum R. W. Coolensem" i.e. To his Emblems, P . 191. 
 kinsman Robert Whitney of Coole; another, "Ad D. H. Wh. Emblems, P . 92. 
 
xlviii Introductory Dissertation. 
 
 patruelis mei F." i.e. To Hugh Whitney son of my father's brother ; 
 Emblems, P . 94. a third, "Ad Ra. W." and may mean to Ralph Whitney ; also a 
 Emblems, P . 1 66. fourth, "To my vncle Geffrey Cartwrighte," and may name 
 
 his mother's brother, and so the mother of our poet would be a 
 
 Cartwright. 
 
 We have thus in some measure ascertained who were the kins- 
 folk of our Geffrey Whitney, emblematist, in 1573 and in 1586. 
 We may now endeavour to inform ourselves of his probable age 
 at either of these dates. 
 
 Sir Philip Sidney, after leaving Shrewsbury school, entered 
 Christ church college, Oxford, in 1569, and quitted it in 1571. 
 It would be two or three years at least previous to this, when 
 Athense Whitney, "born at Namptwich in Cheshire, spent some time in 
 
 Oxonienses, . 
 
 ed'1'21 23 °' University;" for he was longer a student at Magdalen col-. 
 
 Athene Cantab. l e g e > Cambridge, " where he had for his tutor Stephen Limbert, 
 vol. 11. p. 23. afterwards master of Norwich school." Now, according to in- 
 formation from the Rev. Augustus Jessop, head master of king 
 Edward VI.'s school, Norwich, Limbert was appointed master 
 in 1570: consequently Whitney must have been a member of 
 Magdalen two or three years previously, suppose in 1567. We 
 thus dispose of the supposition I once made, that he was a fellow 
 student with sir Philip Sidney, and ascertain nearly the time 
 when he entered Cambridge. In 1567, according to the usage 
 of that day in going up to the universities, he would be not more 
 than twenty years of age ; and thus we 'may consider him to 
 have been born in 1548, or a little earlier,* near the beginning of 
 " the happy reigne of Kinge Edward the sixt." 
 Athense Cantab. What studies and pursuits Whitney engaged in on leaving 
 vo . 11. P . 24. Cambridge are not recorded ; but from the office he once held 
 in the corporate town of Great Yarmouth they were probably 
 such as qualified him for the profession of the law, in which, as 
 men of eminence, ranked several of his friends and patrons. 
 And singular it is, that of the early emblem writers several were 
 
 History of * This conclusion almost coincides with the conjecture of Ormerod, who says : 
 
 Cheshire, vol. iii. " Here," in Nantwich, " also in 1545 was born John Gerarde the herbalist, most pro- 
 bably a collateral descendant of some of the great Cheshire families of his name; and 
 here also about the same time Geoffrey Whitney, an English poet of the reign of 
 Elizabeth." 
 
In trod tic to ry Dissertation . 
 
 xlix 
 
 jurisconsults or of kindred callings. Alciat in his twenty-second 
 year graduated as doctor of laws ; Mignault, his commentator, 
 in early manhood explained the Greek and Roman authors ; 
 John Sambucus deserved the praise of being "physician, histo- 
 rian, antiquary and poet ;" Hadrian Junius excelled both as an 
 able physician and a learned philologist ; and Barthelemi Aneau 
 was jurisconsult and orator. 
 
 In 1573, when Whitney had attained his twenty-fifth year, or u. w.'s Epistle, 
 according to Ormerod his twenty-eighth, he was no longer resi- 
 dent in Cheshire ; nor does it appear that he had returned to his 
 "natiue countries grounde" by 1586. The interval of thirteen Emblems, P . 101. 
 years must have had a considerable portion of it devoted to 
 various studies ; for his familiarity with classic authors, with 
 fathers of the church, and with the poets and emblem writers of 
 the age in which he lived, and of that which preceded him, de- 
 clares how diligently his life had been spent. He may not have 
 taken a degree at Cambridge, but if not " M r of Artes," as Pea- ^Jjf™ 
 cham was, he could have been no dilatory student ; each day 
 left its line on the dial-plate of his life, and marked an onward 
 course. 
 
 The preparation for a work like " the Emblemes " must have 
 occupied the leisure of several years. There is about it a polish, 
 a roundness of metre and of rhyme, which indicate, with as much 
 certainty as if other writings of his were before us, that these are 
 not the only verses which have flowed from his pen. Poetry no 
 more than history can be written at one stretching forth of the 
 hand ; there are of necessity attempts and exercises, touches 
 and re-touches, before anything of mastership is attained, and 
 certainly before such power of translation as Whitney evinces 
 can be put forth and upheld. 
 
 One of the emblem-books, from which Whitney made selec- Symboia 
 
 J Heroica 
 
 tions and of which he adopted some of the woodcuts, was printed M - C1 - Paradini. 
 by Plantin in 1583, but the copy of an earlier edition in French, 
 bearing our author's autograph, is dated 1562; and we maypiatevn. 
 reasonably conclude that his name, was written in it before the 
 issuing of Plantin's edition. The devices he borrowed from 
 Paradin may therefore have had their illustrative verses com- 
 posed as early as 1580, or even 1575. The verses " vppon Video Emblems, P . 61. 
 & taceo, Her Maiesties poesie, at the great Lotterie in LONDON 
 
1 
 
 Introductory Dissertation. 
 
 Emblems, pp 
 and 122. 
 
 Foss's Judges, 
 vol. v. pp. 407 
 409, 421. 
 
 Plates VII. 
 XXIV. XIX. 
 XXI. and 
 XXVII. 
 
 begon M.D.LXVIII, and ended m.d.lxix," may have been written 
 in 1568, and probably had their origin near to that date. Sir- 
 Philip Sidney's Arcadia had received its full form, if not its 
 completion, before 1582, and at any time afterwards the lines 
 may have been penned : 
 Emblems, p. 197. « What volumes hath hee writte, that rest among his frendes, 
 
 Which needes no other praise at all, eche worke it selfe comendes." 
 
 Baron Flowerdewe died in April 1586, about three weeks be- 
 fore the Emblems were published, but the Devises to him and to 
 Francis Windham must have been composed some time before, 
 and perhaps earlier than 1584, when Flowerdewe was appointed 
 one of the barons of the exchequer, for he was an early friend, if 
 not patron, of Whitney. So, if we pursued the subject it might 
 appear that several of the emblems had been written and laid 
 aside, and dedications added as the occasion served. 
 
 Once more, as a very large number of Whitney's devices and 
 woodcuts are borrowed from Plantin's editions of Paradin (1562), 
 of Sambucus (1564 and 1584), of Junius (1564 and 1585), of 
 Alciat (155 1 and 1581) and of Faerni (1583), many of his trans- 
 lations and accommodations from those writers may have taken 
 place successively as these editions appeared, and the stanzas 
 have been modified, added to or shortened, as taste or inclina- 
 tion prompted. The laws which rule other writers of selections 
 would govern Whitney; his "Choice" would be made gradually, 
 following out the advice of one of his own emblems : 
 "Althovghe thy store be small, for to beginne, 
 Yet guide it well, and soone it is increaste;" 
 and so he found 
 
 " in time abundance springes, 
 
 And heapes are made, of manie little thinges." 
 
 For diversion or for improvement he studied the emblem writers ; 
 and it is probably but a portion of what he "englished and 
 moralized " that appeared in print " in the house of Christopher 
 Plantyn." 
 
 The first trace we have discovered of any special employment 
 for our poet is as under-bailiff of Great Yarmouth, in Norfolk, 
 an office similar in several respects to that of recorder in the 
 present day. His connection with the corporation of that bo- 
 
 Athenas Cantab, 
 vol. ii. p. 23. 
 
Introductory Dissertation. 
 
 li 
 
 mer s 
 une I, 
 
 rough existed in 1580, but how much earlier is not evident. It Y " m outh 
 was doubtless brought about either by the earl of Leicester or Rolls - 
 by some one of the various Cambridge and East Anglian friends 
 of our author, and it continued until the year 1586. 
 
 Sergeant Flowerdewe, in 1580, became under-steward of the 
 borough, and Whitney probably acted as his deputy. On Flower- 
 dewe's resignation, in 1584, the poet for a time occupied the 
 vacant office. Pending the election of a successor, " it was MansWs 
 
 0 Yarmouth, 
 
 ordered, in assembly, that Mr. Whitney should receive the fees b y Palmer, 
 
 ' J ' J vol. 11. p. 359' 
 
 of the Court for the steward, and haue the room at the Grey 
 Friars rent free ; but upon the appointment of Mr. Stubbs, in 
 1585, he was required to leave the room, unless Mr. Stubbs 
 chose to retain him as his clerk.". Whitney not unjustly resented 
 this treatment, and went to law with the corporation, but the ,86s - 
 dispute was at last settled by a payment to him of 45/. sterling. 
 
 The earl of Leicester, who as a commoner in 1553 repre- Manship, vol. i. 
 sented the county of Norfolk, and had been high-steward of Great p ' 6s ' 
 Yarmouth since the year 1572, introduced Whitney to the cor-' 
 poration, and endeavoured to procure for him the appointment 
 of under-steward which Flowerdewe had held, — an office nearly 
 corresponding to that of judge of the local courts both civil and 
 criminal. Great dissensions were the result ; the earl applied to Le Grys' Letter 
 Mr. Le Grys, member of parliament for the borough and a man ManshV* 585 - 
 of great influence, to favour Whitney, which to a certain extent Ya^mouth ■ 
 he did, but at the cost of his own position ; for Le Grys was ac- 
 cused to his constituents of having promised the office, and his 
 faithful services to the borough for five successive parliaments 
 being forgotten, he failed to regain his seat at the next election. 
 
 The fine old church of St. Nicholas, and the Elizabethan 
 mansion* on the south quay, were doubtless often entered by 
 
 * The interior of this residence furnishes illustrations to a handsome volume, printed 
 for private distribution by the present owner, Charles John Palmer, esq., the editor 
 of "Mans/lip's History of Great Yarmouth." "JBDtrustic Srcfjtttrture in GErtglanll, 
 during the reign of queen Elizabeth " is the title of the work. To its author, and to 
 those who acted with him, we are indebted for the preservation of the town-rolls and 
 other valuable documents. Their spirited exertions rescued the corporation a few 
 years ago from the disgrace of selling their old records, and induced the building of a 
 suitable muniment room for their safe keeping, where they are arranged in excellent 
 order for reference. 
 
 In Gothic characters, and in Whitneian phrase, there are inscribed on the four 
 
lii 
 
 Introditctory Dissertation. 
 
 Whitney; and though " Z\)t §tartt»Otttf) $?tttcf)," or "TOWN 
 Chest," was " 2Tf)£ (Eltft of Elites 25$rti£lll£t3) " to the corpora- 
 tion only in 1601, yet there probably reposed for many a year 
 See Pktes A Parchment Sheet of the Rolls of Great Yarmouth, dated 2 
 
 XII. and XIII. 
 
 Aug. 1580, which was drawn up or indited by Whitney himself, 
 and which is the earliest of his known compositions. Some 
 have dignified it with the name of a work, as if it were a book or 
 treatise ; but a single long and narrow folio is the extent of 
 this offspring of our poet's pen. It describes in Latin prose a 
 scene in his life which may be characterized as the pic-nic of the 
 borough officers and of their friends. 
 Palmer's Manship, writing not later than 161 2 or 1614, and speaking of 
 
 vol. i. pp. 105, this Parchment Sheet, testifies to the " careful skillfulness, and 
 
 106. 
 
 skillful carefulness of Mr. Jeffry Whitney, (sometime the under 
 Bailiff of this Incorporation,) to set down" "touching the said 
 sand called Scratby Sand ;" " in Latin learnedly recorded, begin- 
 ning ' porro secundo die', &c. Thus in English : Iftloreobcr, on 
 the second day of August this present year," 1580, &c. 
 Svvinden's Hist. It appears that about the 20th year of Elizabeth (1578) one 
 pp. 685, 689. ' of the sand-banks off Yarmouth became dry land, which from a 
 small village on the shore received the name of Scratby Island. 
 It "was so much elevated above high-water mark that grass 
 and other vegetables grew and sea-fowls built thereon ; and in 
 the summer season many of the inhabitants of Yarmouth usually 
 went thither for recreation ; some feasting, bowling and using 
 other pastimes there, according to their different inclinations. 
 But on the Second Day of August 1580, a very elegant enter- 
 tainment was prepared by the bailiffs for a select company of 
 gentlemen, whose names are inserted in the court-roll of that 
 year, with an account of the place and transactions of that day, 
 by the learned and ingenious Mr. Jeffery Whitney, sub-steward 
 to the corporation at that time." 
 
 Biomefieid's The historian of Norfolk tells us " the bailiffs, with a respect- 
 Norfolk, vol. V. 
 p. 1694. 
 
 divisions of the ceiling of one of the principal rooms of Mr. Palmer's house the fol- 
 lowing lines : 
 
 Wat aatcfr tfrat Hue tn SKHealtfjg state, 
 38g ^Learning tfoo their Mealtfj mamtegne ; 
 Wcjt Poove tfjat Itue in j^eeWe rate 
 53g ILcarnmg &ao great Hicljrgge garmr. 
 
Introductory Dissertation. 
 
 liii 
 
 able company of gentlemen, burgesses, mariners, &c, went down 
 
 to take formal possession of this spot by the name of Yarmouth 
 
 Island, where they all dined and spent the day in festivity."* 
 
 The excursion doubtless was pleasant enough, with knights and 
 
 men learned in the law of the company, and " some odd quirks 
 
 and remnants of wit " were broken at the joyous time. " But 
 
 behold, exclaims Swinden, " the instability and uncertainty of all 
 
 earthly acquisitions!" In 1582, when the lord of the adjoining 
 
 manor, sir Edward Clere, had put in his claim, and he and the 
 
 corporation of Yarmouth had commenced a law-suit in support 
 
 of their respective rights, " the sea put in a more powerful claim," Blomefield, 
 
 and " by a strong easterly wind and tide" swept the island away, Swinden, $%o, 
 
 "and the place became main sea" and "left not a wreck behind" 
 
 whereby " to keep alive the foolish contest." f 
 
 Great Yarmouth was excellently well situated for intercourse 
 with Holland and Belgium, then as now great centres of emblem 
 art ; and during the eight or ten years of his connection with the 
 East Anglian borough, Whitney would have frequent opportu- 
 nities of holding correspondence with, or even of visiting, the 
 learned men who distinguished Antwerp or Leyden by their 
 residence. We may not be able to determine how early his ac- 
 quaintance with the literati of the Netherlands commenced, nor 
 to what date it was continued ; but it certainly, from the very 
 nature of the case, must have been of some years standing when 
 his Emblems were published. In reward of the bravery and 
 fidelity of its citizens, during the memorable siege of 1573, Ley- Motley's Dutch 
 den obtained from William the Silent the establishment of its ^"!& s vo1- "' 
 university in 1575. A fast friend of Whitney, Jan Dousa the 
 elder, was the first who presided over the newly-founded aca- 
 demy ; another friend, Bonaventura Vulcanius, was the Greek 
 
 * The names recorded are forty-five in number. Among them, the bailiffs Ralph See the Rolls of 
 Woolhouse and John Giles, sir R. Woodhouse, knt, Edmund Flowerdewe, esq., year'^a" 10 "" 1 ' 
 sergeant at law, Mr. Charles Colthorpe, steward of Yarm, Mr. William Harebome, 
 Mr. Jeffery Whitney, &c. The whole account of the visit, as if it had been a very 
 solemn festivity, concludes with a doxology : ' ' Soli Deo Jionor et gloria in ova sempi- 
 terna. Amen." 
 
 f In a note from R. H. Inglis Palgrave, esq., of Great Yarmouth, I am informed June 3, 1865. 
 that about a week before, the sandbank which once constituted Yarmouth or Scratby 
 Island was again for a day or two raised to the surface of high water. Were the 
 upheaval permanent would the lawsuit be revived that has lain dormant for 285 years ? 
 
liv 
 
 Introductory Dissertation. 
 
 professor at the same time ; and Justus Lipsius for thirteen years, 
 until 1590, filled the chair of history. Raphalengius too, by 
 whom, the Choice of Emblems was imprinted, had taught Greek 
 in Cambridge when Whitney was a student, or shortly before ; 
 and thus we have all the elements of the acquaintance and friend- 
 ship between our poet and several of the eminent men by whom 
 Leyden was adorned. 
 
 In the year 1555 Plantin established his printing-house in 
 See Annates de Antwerp, and from 1562 when " Les Devises de Claude Paradin" 
 
 V Imprimerie . . 
 
 piantinienne, were published by him down to i?QO. there was a continual suc- 
 
 Bruxelles, 1865. . J J y ' 
 
 cession of emblem works in Latin, French and Flemish. Four 
 editions of Paradin appeared, five of Sambucus, four of Faerni, 
 one of Freitag, eight of Hadrian Junius, and five of Alciatus. 
 Out of all these Whitney had taken his " Choice;" so that it was 
 but natural, considering what relations he had established with 
 Leyden, that his Emblems should be 'printed in that city. 
 
 "At the end of November 1585 Whitney was in London, where 
 he penned " the Epistle Dedicatorie " to his patron, but on the 
 4th of May 1586 he is found "at Leyden in Hollande " com- 
 mending the Emblems to his readers. May be we have no abso- 
 lute authority for the assertion ; but here it seems that he busied 
 himself in literary pursuits, and passing out of the immediate 
 knowledge of his countrymen formed one in the bands of the 
 learned whom the new university and the new printing-office of 
 Plantin had gathered together. 
 
 If the conjecture were established, that "G. W.," the initials of 
 the author of " AVRELIA," mean Geffrey Whitney, we could pre- 
 sent evidence that he was writing and publishing in London in 
 1 593 ; otherwise we meet with no certain mention of him as 
 living beyond the conclusion of the sixteenth century, except it 
 be the notice in Peacham's Minerva Britanna, p. 172. This we 
 may interpret as implying that Whitney personally* gave con- 
 sent to Peacham's use of the device of Love and Death. If this 
 See Plate x. be a sound conjecture, then Whitney was surviving in the year 
 1612, at the age of 64 ; it depends however on the words, "cum 
 illius venia Ab Authore." Should we understand them as merely 
 
 * "Hoc idem habet Whitnseus, quod bene cum illius venia Ab Authore etiam 
 mutatus sum." 
 
 P. Hofmanni 
 Peerkamp 
 Liber, pp. 202, 
 239, 248, 251, 
 and 151. 
 
Introductory Dissertation. 
 
 lv 
 
 the idiom for "begging his pardon," the evidence is inconclusive; 
 but if we give the full meaning, " with permission for it from the 
 author," then doubtless Whitney was living in the year 1612. 
 
 The year of his death equally with the year of his birth re- 
 mains unsolved. His writings are his only monument, and neither 
 stone nor line is known to record his passage to the immortality 
 in which he believed. 
 
 SECTION III— -The Writings of Whitney - 
 
 ESTIMATE OF THEIR WORTH. 
 
 ■SOME 
 
 EARS, as they flow, have often brought to 
 light other writings of an author than those 
 originally ascribed to him ; but in Whit- 
 ney's case there are only trifling additions 
 by Philip Bliss and the Coopers of Cam- 
 bridge to the works catalogued by Anthony 
 Wood. We will take them in their order PP . z h 24.' 
 as they are presented in the Athence Cantabrigienses and Athence P 
 Oxonienses : 
 
 " 1. Account in Latin of a visit to Scratby Island, off Great 
 Yarmouth 2 August 1580. Translated in Manship's History of 
 Great Yarmouth, 106." 
 
 Aided by Mr.C. J. Palmer, I referred to this "Account in Latin," 
 and found it simply an entry, on a 'single scroll, in the Town 
 Records. The names of the company who were present at the 
 festivity are appended. Swinden's History gives the original xul XH ' and 
 Latin, which we reproduce in photo-lithography. 
 
 " 2. A Choice of Emblemes, and other Devises, for the 'most 
 part gathered out of sundrie writers, Englished and Moralized, 
 and divers newly devised, by Geffrey Whitney. A worke adorned 
 with varietie of matter, both pleasant and profitable : wherein 
 those that please, maye finde to fit their fancies : Because herein, 
 by the office of the eie, and the eare, the minde may reape dooble 
 delighte through holsome preceptes, shadowed with pleasant de- 
 
Ivi 
 
 Introductory Dissertation. 
 
 vises : both fit for the vertuous, to their incoraging : and for the 
 wicked, for their admonishing and amendment. Leyden (Plantyn), 
 4to, 1586.* Dedicated to Robert earl of Leycester from London 
 28 Nov. 1585, with an epistle to the reader dated Leyden, 4th 
 May 1586. The author speaks as if this were a second edition ; 
 if so, no other is now known. A writer in the Encyclopedia Me- 
 tropolitana terms this work a remarkable imitation of Alciati." 
 
 The Collection of Emblems " presented in writinge vnto my 
 Lorde," constituted, I conceive, the "firste edition" of which Whit- 
 whitney's n ey makes mention ; it was not a printed but a written edition, 
 
 Address to the J ' r ' 
 
 Reader. se t forth among his friends. He afterwards added to the manu- 
 
 script that had been " offred vp to so honorable a suruaighe" as 
 that of his lordship, but he declares, " licence being obtained for 
 the publishing thereof, I offer it heare (good Reader) to thy viewe, 
 in the same sorte as I presented it before. Onelie this excepte : 
 That I haue now in diuerse places, quoted in the margent some 
 senteces in Latin, and such verses as I thoughte did beste fit the 
 seuerall matters I wratte of. And also haue written somme of 
 the Emblemes, to certaine of my frendes, to whom either in dutie 
 or frendship, I am diuers waies bounde : which both weare want- 
 inge in my firste edition, and nowe added herevnto." 
 
 The manuscript submitted to lord Leicester and the additional 
 notes and Latin sentences, together with some emblems to his 
 friends, were now set up in type and constitute the printed edi- 
 tion. No prior printed edition was made, and no other printed 
 edition is known to exist besides the one which is now again set 
 forth by the photo-lithographic process. 
 
 vofTp°z X } o n ' " 3' Fables or Epigrams," " printed," says Anthony Wood, 
 ed. 1721. « muc h about the same time as the former, in qu. and every page 
 hath a picture wrought from a wooden cut." 
 
 No trace has been discovered of such a work ; if it exists it 
 will probably be found in the Bibliotheca Plantiniana at Antwerp, 
 which it is said is about to be reduced out of chaos into order by 
 
 * The title and dedication, &c. , occupy twenty pages, unfigured ; the emblems 
 themselves, with a device to each, are two hundred and forty seven, contained in two 
 parts on two hundred and thirty pages, numbered consecutively. 
 
Introdttctory Dissertation. Ivii 
 
 its present proprietor, M. Edward Moretus, and then to be opened 
 to the public* It is not unlikely that Anthony Wood has con- 
 founded the two parts of Whitney's Emblems, and treated them 
 as separate works. Both parts contain Fables, especially from 
 Faerni, and both parts have nearly every page ornamented with 
 a woodcut. 
 
 Or possibly, except that Wood names the Fables and Epigrams 
 as a 4to book, and the work about to be mentioned is a i2mo, 
 Whitney was engaged in correcting the press for " Centum 
 Fabvlce ex Antiqvis Avctoribvs delectce, et A. Gabriele Faemo 
 Cremonensi Carminibus explicata" "Antuerpse apud Christo- 
 phorum Plantinum M.D.LXXXV." It has 100 plates from wooden 
 blocks, many of them the very same as are used in Whitney's 
 Emblems; and so what he simply edited may have been regarded 
 or spoken of as his own. This however is mere conjecture. 
 
 "4. Ninety English verses in commendation of his friend 
 Dousa's Odce Britannicce. 1586." 
 
 The odes were printed at Antwerpf by Plantin, in the same 
 year with Whitney's Emblems. The commendatory English 
 verses are interesting, from the stanza being the same as in the 
 greater part of the Emblems. Thus : 
 
 " There needes no bushe, wheare nectar is to drinke ; 
 Nor helpes by arte, wheare bewtie freshe doth bloome ; 
 Wheare sonne doth shine, in vayne wee lighte the linke ; 
 Wheare sea dothe swell, the brookes do loose their roome ; 
 Let Progne cease, wheare Philomela singes, 
 And oaten pipe, wheare Fame her trompet ringes." 
 
 "5. Translation of some complimentary verses to the Earl of buss, vol. i. 
 
 pp- 527, 518 
 
 Leycester 1586, occurring at page S3 of Dousa's Odce Britannicce!' 
 The degree of adulation offered to Leicester may be judged 
 
 * I must here acknowledge the very polite attention of M. baron de feorrekens, of 
 Antwerp, a near relative of the Moretus family, in endeavouring to obtain admission 
 for me into the library ; but M. E. Moretus was absent from home and I could not 
 await his return. 
 
 + The " Odce Britannicce" however, are not named in " Annates de V Lnprimerie 
 Plantinicnne, par MM. A. De Backer et Ch. Ruelens" 1865. 
 
 h 
 
 Athenae 
 Oxonienses, 
 Bliss's ed. vol. i. 
 pp. 527, sz8. 
 
Iviii 
 
 Introductory Dissertation. 
 
 from the fact that when in December 1585 he removed from 
 Delft to the Hague a series of twelve engravings was published 
 with the title, " Delineatio pompce triumphalis qua Robertus 
 Dudlceus comes Leicestrensis Hagcz Comitiis fuit receptus." 
 
 So closes the brief catalogue of Whitney's works, — meagre in 
 comparison of his attainments and powers, but showing how a 
 lawyer's leisure might be bestowed, or the time of a literary man 
 employed. 
 
 Conjecture guesses, and at present it is only a guess, that 
 another work may be attributed to our author : it is "AVRELIA: 
 The Paragon of pleasure and Princely delights : Contayning 
 the seuen dayes Solace (in Christmas Holydayes) of Madona 
 Aurelia, Queen of the Christmas Pastimes, and sundry other 
 well courted Gentlemen and Gentlewomen, in a noble Gentle- 
 man's Pallace, &c. By G. W." Device, a sweet-william, &c, as 
 in the frontispiece. " Printed by R. Johnes,* at the Rose and 
 Crowne, neare Holburne Bridge, 1593," 4-to. 
 
 We may here, not inappropriately, subjoin a notice of the 
 published writings of Isabella Whitney, Geffrey's eldest sister ; 
 not that they possess much literary merit or poetical beauty, 
 but are just the outpourings of a country maiden's spirit when 
 brought into contact with the London society of Elizabeth's 
 reign, and will serve to carry our remarks nearer to completion. 
 See Plate xi. Her principal work is entitled " % gfceet i&Ogpg, or pleasant 
 
 |3ossge: containing a ijunHreti anU ten $f)gIosopf)tcaIl JlotoerfS, 
 
 For extracts, see &C." After the Nosgay follow " Familyar and friendly Epistles, 
 thulntrqductor/ by the Auctor, with Replyes," all in verse. The last poem in 
 isser non. ^ £ volume is " The Auctors (feyned) Testament before her de- 
 parting ;" in which she mentions the several professions and 
 Notes and Que- trades of London to whom the fictitious legacies are bequeathed, 
 voT'i. 3r P d jT" 5 ' an d the localities where they were stationed. The date of these 
 poems is 1 573-1" 
 
 * Richard Jones, or Jhones, or Johnes, was admitted a member of the Stationers' 
 Company 7th August 1564; and books of his printing are found down to 1600. He 
 printed the books of Whitney's sister Isabella, and through her may have been 
 brought into contact with him. 
 
 t The Rev. Thomas Corser, the rector of Stand near Manchester, possesses a copy, 
 perhaps unique, of this curious work. 
 
Introductory Dissertation. lix 
 
 Sir Egerton Brydges, bart, gives the title of another work 1 
 attributed to the Cheshire poetess : it is, " The copy of a letter 
 lately written in meeter, by a yonge Gentilwoman to her vnconstant 
 lover ; with an admonition to al yong Gentilwomen, and to all 
 other Mayds in general to beware of mennes flattery. By Is. W. 
 Newly joined to a Love letter sent by a Bacheler, (a most faith- 
 full Lover,) to an unconstent and faithless Mayden. Impr. at 
 London, by Rd. J hones, dwelling in the ^lpper end of Fleet lane, at 
 the signe of the Spred Egle^ 1 2mo. 
 The bachelor's verses thus terminate : 
 
 " Farewell, a dien ten thousand times, 
 To God I thee commend, 
 Beseeching Him His heavenly grace 
 Unto thee styll to send. 
 
 Thy friend in wealth, thy friend in woe, 
 Thy friend while life shall flyth me froe ; 
 And whilst that you enjoy your breath, 
 Leave not your friend unto the death ; 
 For greater praise cannot be wonne 
 Then to observe true love begonne." 
 
 To another work from the same press Isabella Whitney con- See Ames and 
 tributed some commendatory verses. This is the title : " A Ant^voi^pp. 
 Plaine and Easie Introduction to practicall Mnsicke, Set down 1051 and 
 in forme of a dialogue, &c. By Th'o. Morley, Batcheler of Musick 
 and one of the gen. of her Maiesties Royall Chappell. Imprinted 
 -&c. 1597." " Commendatory verses by Ant. Halborne, A.B., and 
 I. W.," folio. 
 
 To estimate the writings of Whitney by those of his contem- 
 poraries among literary men, as Sidney, Spenser and Shake- 
 speare, would at the first view be considered a proper method of 
 judgment; but his style, his subject, the extent of his. works, 
 are all so different from theirs, that a comparison between them 
 would be out of place, and the conclusions we might draw want- 
 ing some of the elements of justice. It is rather by selection 
 than by comparison that we are to look at his labours ; we 
 shall thus perceive what his power ~as an author really was, 
 ■ and have the results foreshadowed, if he had left behind more 
 abundant evidences of a poet's work. 
 
lx 
 
 Introductory Dissertation. 
 
 His dedication to Leicester, though characterized by all the 
 diffuseness and wildness of illustration which belong to his age, 
 nevertheless possesses much of earnestness and clear appreciation 
 of the kind of patronage which learning then required. A pas- 
 sage from it will give an idea of the stately roll of the author's 
 ideas, as a ship well laden, but needing more press of sail to 
 Dedication, p. iz. urge it onward. " There be three thinges" he says, " greatlie de- 
 sired in this life, that is healthe, wealthe, and fame, and some haue 
 made question which of these is the chief e : the sick, saieth health, 
 the couetous, comendeth wealthe. and bothe these place good name 
 taste of all. But they be bothe partiall nidges ; for he that is of 
 sincere and vprighte iudgement, is of contrarie opinion : Bicause 
 that healthe, and wealthe, though they bee neuer so good, and so 
 great, determine with the bodie, and are subiecte vnto time ; But 
 honour, fame, renowme, and good reporte, doe triumphe ouer deathe, 
 and make men Hue for euer : where otherwise the greatest Princes, 
 in shorte time are worne out of memorie, and cleane forgotten. 
 For, what is man in this worlde ? without fame to leaue behinde 
 him, but like a bubble of water, that now riseth, & anon is not 
 knowne where it was." 
 
 Another quotation from his address, To THE READER, will, I 
 think, confirm the opinion that Whitney had power to become a 
 most interesting writer of prose. If Homer, if Marcus Varro, if 
 Cicero, if Virgil, "and diuers others whose workes weare most 
 singuler, if they coulde not escape the bites of such Basiliskes 
 broode : Then howe maye I thinke, in this time which is so 
 blessed, generallie with most rare and exquisite perfection in all 
 knowledge, and iudgement : that this slender assaye of my bar- 
 ren muse, should passe the pikes without pusshing at : where 
 thousandes are so quicke sighted, they will at the first, behoulde 
 the least iote, or tittle, that is not rightly placed." " For the 
 nature of man is alwaies delighted in nouelties, & too much 
 corrupte with curiousnes and newfanglenes. The fairest garden, 
 wherein is greate varietie bothe of goodlie coulors, and sweete 
 smelles, can not like all mennes fancies : but some gallant cou- 
 lours are misliked, and some pleasant smelles not regarded. No 
 cooke, can fitte all mennes tastes, nor anie orator, please all 
 mennes humors : but wheare the tastes are too daintie, his- 
 cookerie shalbe controlled : and wheare the auditors are to 
 
Introductory Dissertation. 
 
 Ixi 
 
 rashe and careles in regarding, his Rethoricke shalbe condemp- 
 ned : and no worke so absolute perfecte, but some are resolute 
 to reprehende." 
 
 The paraphrase of the Ode of Horace, " Ssepius ventis agitatur ca™. %, od. 
 ingens," is equal to the best in our language : 
 
 " T^HE loftie Pine, that one the mountaine growes, Emblems, P . 
 
 X And spreades her armes, with braunches freshe, & greene, 
 
 The raginge windes, on sodaine ouerthrowes, 
 
 And makes her stoope, that longe a farre was seene : 
 
 So they, that truste to much in fortunes smiles, 
 
 Thoughe worlde do laughe, and wealthe doe moste abounde, 
 
 When leste they thinke, are often snar'de with wyles, 
 
 And from alofte, doo hedlonge fall to grounde : 
 Then put no truste, in anie worldlie thinges, 
 For frowninge fate, throwes downe the mightie kinges." 
 
 The verse is full of power, — not a weak expression in it ; the 
 meaning is admirably brought out, and with a polish of tone in 
 the rhymes that indicate a most musical ear. 
 
 So from Ovid he commences one of the finest of his poems, Metamorph. 
 
 lib. i. 
 
 " Without justice, confusion :" 
 
 " T T 7"HEN Fire, and Aire, and Earthe, and Water, all weare one : Emblems, P . 
 V V Before that worke deuine was wroughte, which nowe wee 
 looke vppon, 
 
 There was no forme of thinges, but a confused masse : 
 A lumpe, which Chaos men did call : wherein no order was. 
 The Coulde, and Heate, did striue : the Heauie thinges, and Lighte. 
 The Harde, and Softe. the Wette and Drye. for none had shape arighte. 
 But when they weare dispos'd, eache one into his roome : 
 The Fire, had Heate : the Aire, had Lighte : the Earthe, with fruites 
 did bloome. 
 
 The Sea, had his increase : which thinges, to passe thus broughte : 
 Behoulde, of this vnperfecte masse, the goodly worlde was wroughte. 
 Then all thinges did abounde, that seru'd the vse of man : 
 The Riuers greate, with wyne, and oyle, and milke, and honie, ranne." 
 
 Of Anacreon's celebrated ode, which we may name The Power 
 of Beauty, he gives a very excellent translation : 
 
Ixii 
 
 Introductory Dissertation. 
 
 Emblems, p. i8z. «tt .THEN creatures firste weare form'd, they had by natures lawes, 
 V V The bulles, their homes : the horses, hoofes : the lions, teeth 
 and pawes. 
 
 To hares, shee swiftenes gaue : to fishes, finnes assign' de : 
 To birdes, their winges : so no defence was lefte for woman kinde. 
 But, to supplie that wante, shee gaue her suche a face : 
 Which makes the boulde, the fierce, the swifte, to stoope, and pleade 
 for grace." 
 
 But the exactness of his translation, when occasion demanded, 
 may be seen in the rendering which is given to these two lines of 
 Alciat : 
 
 Emblems, p. 133. " Quid me vexatis rami ? Sum Pattadis arbor, 
 
 Auferte hinc botros, virgo fugit Bromium." 
 " Why vexe yee mee yee boughes 1 since I am Pallas tree ; 
 Remoue awaie your clusters hence, the virgin wine doth flee." 
 
 His power of adaptation, of taking up the thoughts of others, 
 and of amplifying them, if not of absolutely improving them, is 
 no less conspicuous. From Joachim Bellay's beautiful tale* we 
 
 * See "IOACHIMI BELLAII Andini Poematvm Libri Qvatvor : Qvibvs 
 continentvr, Elegiae, Amores. Varia Epigr. Tvmvli." " Parisiis Apud Fredericum 
 Morelhim, in uico Belloitaco ad vrbanam Morum M.d.lviii." 4to, folios 62. The 
 printer's emblem, a mulberry tree on the title-page, with ' ' IIAN AENAPON ArA©ON 
 KAPnOTS KAAOT5 nOIEl," Every good tree brings forth fine fruit. At folio 50 are 
 the lines : 
 
 "CVIVSDAM IWENIS. 
 
 Mutarunt arma inter se Mors, atq. Cupido : 
 
 Hie falcem gestat, gestat at ilia facem. 
 Afficit hcBC animum, corpus sed confirit ille: 
 
 Sic moritur iuuenis, sic moi'ibundus amat. 
 Vt secat hie iugulos, oculos excacat &> ilia: 
 
 Ilia ul amare docet, sic iubet iste mori, 
 Disce hinc, himiancB quce sint ludibria uittz : 
 
 Mors thalamum stemit, stemit Amor tumulum. 
 Tu quo que disce tuas, Natura, inuertere leges: 
 Si pereunt iuuenes, depereuntque senes." 
 We could not quit the Bibliotheque de V Universite a Gand without noting down the 
 exceedingly neat epigram in the same volume of Bellay's ; 
 
 Cvivsdam Canis. 
 ' ' Latratu fures excepi, mutus amantes : 
 Sic placui domino, sic placui domince^ 
 ' ' With barking the thieves I receive, with silence the lovers : 
 So have I pleased the master, so have I pleased the mistress." 
 
Introductory Dissertation. 
 
 Ixiii 
 
 have an instance; the subject is Ctipid and Death; how gra- Emblems, P . n*. 
 phically, with what simplicity, with what exquisite grace are the 
 lines of the "French Ovid" rendered and extended : 
 
 "IT 7HILE furious Mors, from place, to place did flie, 
 V V And here, and there, her fatall dartes did throwe : 
 At lengthe shee mette, with Cupid passing by, 
 Who likewise had, bene busie with his bowe : 
 
 Within one Inne, they bothe togeather stay'd, 
 
 And, for one nighte, awaie theire shooting lay'd. 
 The morrowe next, they bothe awaie doe haste, 
 And eache by chaunce, the others quiuer takes : 
 The frozen dartes, on Cupiddes backe weare plac'd, 
 The fierie dartes, the leane virago shakes : 
 
 Whereby ensued, suche alteration straunge, 
 
 As all the worlde, did wonder at the chaunge. 
 For gallant youthes, whome Cupid thoughte to wounde, 
 Of loue, and life, did make an ende at once. 
 And aged men, whome deathe woulde bringe to grounde : 
 Beganne againe to loue, with sighes and grones ; 
 -Thus natures lawes, this chaunce infringed soe : 
 
 That age did loue, and youthe to graue did goe. 
 Till at the laste, as Cupid drewe his bowe, 
 Before he shotte : a younglinge thus did crye, 
 Oh Venus sonne, thy dartes thou doste not knowe, 
 They pierce too deepe : for all thou hittes, doe die : 
 
 O spare our age, who honored thee of oulde, 
 
 Theise dartes are bone, take thou the dartes of goulde. 
 Which beinge saide, a while did Cupid staye, 
 And sawe, how youthe was almoste cleane extinct : 
 And age did doate, with garlandes freshe, and gaye, 
 And heades all balde, weare newe in wedlocke linckt. 
 
 Wherefore he shewed, this error vnto Mors, 
 
 Who miscontent, did chaunge againe perforce. 
 Yet so, as bothe some dartes awaie conuay'd, 
 Which weare not theirs : yet vnto neither knowne, 
 Some bonie dartes, in Cupiddes quiuer stay'd, 
 Some goulden dartes, had Mors amongst her owne. 
 Then, when we see, vntimelie deathe appeare : 
 Or wanton age : it was this chaunce you heare."* 
 
 * It is supposed that this tale was imitated from the CLIV emblem of Alciatus, 
 
lxiv Introductory Dissertation. 
 
 These examples of happy translations into simple and ex- 
 pressive English it would be easy to extend, but we turn to the 
 opportunity which the treatment of the same subject gives us for 
 comparing Whitney with his great contemporary, Spenser. The 
 two poets were probably acquainted through their mutual friends, 
 Leicester and Sidney. One subject which they have ventured 
 on in common is the pretty tale from Theocritus and Anacreon, 
 in which Cupid is described as _ being stung by a bee, and as 
 flying to Venus for comfort. The superiority in point of truth, 
 grace and simplicity of expression is, I think, decidedly with 
 Whitney. Thus Spenser : 
 
 Spenser's Poems, " Nathelesse, the cruell boy, not so content, 
 
 Moxon's edition, -, T7 - , , , n 
 
 p . 4 8i. Would needs the fly pursue ; 
 
 And in his hand, with heedlesse hardiment, 
 Him caught for to subdue. 
 But when on it he hasty hand did lay, 
 The Bee him stung therefore : 
 ' Now out alas, he cryde, and welaway 
 I wounded am full sore : 
 The fly, that I so much did scorne, 
 Hath hurt me with his little home.' 
 Unto his mother straight he weeping came, 
 And of his griefe complayned ; 
 Who could not chuse but laugh at his fond game, 
 Though sad to see him pained. 
 
 ' Think now (quoth she) my son, how great the smart 
 Of those whom thou dost wound : 
 Full many thou hast pricked to the heart, 
 That pitty never found : 
 Therefore, henceforth some pitty take, 
 When thou doest spoyle of Lovers make.' " 
 
 Whitney gives the following neat and compact version : 
 
 Emblems, p. 148. " As Venvs sonne within the roses play'd, 
 
 An angrie bee that crept therein vnseene, 
 The wanton wagge with poysoned stinge asay'd : 
 Whereat, aloude he cri'de, throughe smarte, and teene. 
 
 Retrospective w hich was written by him, according: to the note by Claude Mignault, on occasion of 
 Review, vol. ix. J 0 , ' ■ ■ ° ,, , , 
 
 p. 126. a pestilence in Italy, when many young men died and the old generally escaped sate 
 
 Alciati Emblem, and uninjured. Whitney has combined thoughts both from Alciat and from Bellay. 
 i54- 
 
Introductory Dissertation. 
 
 Ixv 
 
 And sought about, his mother for to finde : 
 To whome, with griefe he vttered all his minde. 
 And say'd, behoulde, a little creature wilde, 
 Whome husbandmen (I heare) do call a bee, 
 Hath prick'd mee sore alas : whereat she smil'de, 
 And say'd : my childe, if this be griefe to thee, 
 Remember then, althoughe thou little arte 1 
 What greeuous wounde, thou makest with thy darte." 
 
 Some peculiar expressions in their poems show that the two 
 poets had read each other's works, at least in manuscript ; but as 
 the expressions alluded to occur in the Faerie Queene, of which 
 three books were published in 1590 and three in 1596, the pro- 
 bability is that Spenser had read Whitney's Emblems printed in 
 1586, the year before Spenser took up his residence at Kilcolman 
 in Ireland. The first passage of the kind from Whitney is, 
 
 " Lo, Time dothe cut vs of, amid our carke : and care ;" 
 thus paralleled by Spenser : 
 
 He, " downe did lay 
 His heavie head, devoide of careful carke." 
 
 The second is the following : 
 
 " They, doe but make a sporte, 
 His subiectes poore, to shaue, to pill and poll." 
 
 Of this there are two imitations by Spenser : 
 " Thereto he hath a Groome of euil guize, 
 Whose scalp is bare, that bondage doth bewray, 
 Which pols and pils the poore in piteous wize ;" 
 
 and 
 
 " So did he good to none, to manie ill, 
 So did he all the kingdome rob and pill." 
 
 And the third passage is : 
 
 "AN vserer, whose Idol was his goulde, 
 ±\_ Within his house, a peeuishe ape retain'd : 
 A seruaunt fitte, for suche a miser oulde, 
 Of whome both mockes, and apishe mowes, he gain'd." 
 
 Of which the idea is thus given by Spenser : 
 
 " And other whiles with bitter mockes and mowes 
 He would him scorne." 
 
 Moxon's Spenser, 
 pp. xxix. andxliv. 
 
 Moxon, p. xxiv. 
 Emblems, p. 199. 
 
 F. Queene, I. 
 c. i. s. 44. 
 
 Emblems, p. Ijl. 
 
 F. Queene, V. 
 c. ii. s. 6. 
 
 M. Hubberd'a 
 Tale, 1. 1 197. 
 
 Emblems, p. 169. 
 
 F. Queene, VI. 
 c. viii. s. 49. 
 
Ixvi 
 
 Introdtictory Dissertation. 
 
 Another bond between Whitney and Spenser is in the use of 
 emblems ; which, as far as mottoes go and the adopting of the 
 word, were inserted by Spenser in his first work, " The Shep- 
 heards Calender" published in 1579. The poem is divided into 
 twelve parts, according to the months of the year, and to each 
 month there is added a Pocsie, i.e. a short proverb or saying, 
 supposed to be descriptive of a person and adopted by him as 
 his device; — such Poesies Spenser named Emblems: they had 
 not at first any pictorial illustration, but are as much intended 
 Spenser's Works, for it as if the pictures had been drawn and engraved. At a 
 
 folio edition, . 
 
 i 6 '6. later time woodcuts were added, and the resemblance to an 
 
 emblem-book rendered more complete. 
 
 Some of these poesies are from Italian, one is in English, six 
 
 from the Latin, two from the Greek, and one in French. " Dig- 
 Moxon's edition, goiis embleme" for September, " Inopeni sine copia fecit" Plenty 
 
 made me poor, is the saying of Narcissus, when he fell in love 
 
 with his own shadow in the water ; and one of Whitney's em- 
 Embicms, p. 149. blems is a picture of Narcissus gazing in a running stream, with 
 
 the motto "Amor s?ii," Self-love, and the lines : 
 
 " Narcissvs lou'de, and liked so his shape 
 He died at lengthe with gazinge there vppon." 
 
 Spenser, Colins Emblemc, that for December, " Vivitur ingenio ; caetera 
 
 Moxon's edition, 
 
 p- 396. mortis erunt" i.e. Genius survives, other things are the prey of 
 
 death, is also identical in spirit with one of Whitney's, " Scripta 
 Emblems, pp. manent" Writings are permanent ; or with another, " Pennce 
 
 131 and 196. ' O r 
 
 gloria perennis" The glory of the pen never fades : 
 
 " Then, what may laste, which time dothe not impeache, 
 Since that wee see, theise monumentes are gone : 
 Nothinge at all, but time doth ouer reache, ' 
 It eates the Steele, and weares the marble stone : 
 But writinges laste, though e yt doe what it can 
 And are preseru'd, euen since the worlde began." 
 
 and again : 
 
 " no treasure can procure 
 
 The palme that waites vpon the pen, which euer doth indure." 
 
 We are not so rash indeed as to attempt to place Whitney on 
 a level with Spenser, — they can scarcely even be compared 
 together ; yet where a comparison is allowable, as in subjects 
 
Introductory Dissertation. 
 
 lxvii 
 
 which they both treat of, the Cheshire poet is no unworthy com- 
 petitor. Spenser is diffuse, Whitney more compressed ; the one 
 most elaborate, the other strong by his very simplicity. Take as 
 an example the description which both give of Envy. Spenser's 
 certainly has a coarseness which does not belong to Whitney ; 
 his power of imagination may be greater, but not the fineness of 
 his perceptions. Thus he describes the hag : 
 
 " Her handes were foule and durtie, never washt f. Queene, V. 
 
 In all her life, with long nayles over-raught, 
 Like puttocks clawes; with th'one of which she scratcht 
 Her cursed head, although it itched naught ; 
 The other held a snake with venim fraught, 
 On which she fed and gnawed hungrily 
 As if that long she had not eaten ought : 
 That round about her iawes one might descry 
 The bloudie gore and poyson dropping lothsomely. 
 
 Her name was Envie, knowen well thereby : 
 
 Whose nature is to grieve and grudge at all 
 
 That ever she sees doen prays-worthily : 
 
 Whose sight to her is greatest crosse may fall, 
 
 And vexeth so, that makes her eat her gall. 
 
 For when she wanteth other thing to eat 
 
 See feedes on her owne maw unnaturall, 
 
 And of her owne foule entrayles makes her meat ; 
 Meat fit for such a Monsters monsterous dyeat." 
 
 Now mark how Whitney, with less force it may be, but with 
 more simplicity and naturalness, describes the hateful monster : 
 
 " What hideous hagge with visage sterne appeares 1 „ , , 
 
 co ° . Emblems, p. 94. 
 
 Whose feeble limmes, can scarce the bodie staie : 
 This, Enuie is : leane, pale, and full of yeares, 
 Who with the blisse of others pines awaie. 
 
 And what declares, her eating vipers broode 1 
 
 That poysoned thoughtes, bee euer more her foode. 
 
 What meanes her eies 1 so bleared, sore, and redd : 
 - Her mourninge still to see an others gaine 
 And what is mente by snakes vpon her head 1 
 The fruite that springes, of such a venomed braine. 
 
 But whie, her harte shee rentes within her brest 1 
 
 It shewes her selfe, doth worke her owne vnrest. 
 
lxviii 
 
 Introductory Dissertation. 
 
 Whie lookes shee wronge 1 bicause shee woulde not see, 
 
 An happie wight, which is to her a hell : 
 
 What other partes within this furie bee 1 
 
 Her harte, with gall : her tonge, with stinges doth swell. 
 And laste of all, her staffe, with prickes aboundes : 
 Which showes her wordes, wherewith the good shee woundes." 
 
 But Whitney, it is said, had little originality ; his ideas are 
 many of them borrowed, and his stanzas are often translations 
 only from Latin or French or Italian authors. True ; " The 
 Choice of Emblemes" is what it professes to be, "gathered out of 
 sundrie writers ;" but the good taste, the quaint elegance, the 
 fullness and richness of tone which his translations and adapta- 
 tions evince, show that he was no common genius : and the way in 
 which he amplifies and often improves upon the original authors, 
 betokens an innate power, had he put it forth, of equalling the 
 best efforts of his contemporaries. 
 
 It was only in a few instances indeed that Whitney trusted to 
 his own invention : from fifteen to twenty at the utmost are the 
 emblems which may be claimed for him as entirely his own. He 
 appears to have restricted his subjects to those for which illus- 
 trations could be supplied from the Plantinian printing office, 
 and in treating these he naturally resorted to the other emblem- 
 atists who had written to the same themes. Now and then, 
 however, he " newly devised ;" and an example or two will set 
 forth his own mind, and strength or weakness of expression. 
 
 " Constanter" one of the words of his own motto, " Constanter 
 et syncere" supplied him with promptings to such thoughts as 
 these : 
 
 The shore sometimes, his billowes doth rebounde, 
 Though ofte it winnes, and giues the earthe a blowe. 
 
 Sometimes, where shippes did saile : it makes a lande. 
 
 Sometimes againe they saile : where townes did stande. 
 So, if the Lorde did not his rage restraine, 
 And set his boundes, so that it can not passe : 
 The worlde shoulde faile, and man coulde not remaine, 
 But all that is, shoulde soone be turn'd to was : 
 
 By raging Sea, is ment our ghostlie foe, 
 
 By earthe, mans soule : he seekes to ouerthrowe. 
 
 HE raging Sea, that roares, with fearefull sounde, 
 And threatened! all the worlde to ouerflowe : 
 
Introductory Dissertation. 
 
 Ixix 
 
 And as the surge doth worke both daie and nighte, 
 And shakes the shore, and ragged rockes doth rente : 
 So Sathan stirres, with all his maine, and mighte, 
 Continuall siege, our soules to circumuente. 
 
 Then watche, and praie, for feare wee sleepe in sinne, 
 
 For cease our crime : and hee can nothing winne." 
 
 The apostle's exhortation to avoid sinful anger is well para- Ephes. iv. *6. 
 phrased : 
 
 " /^"^ASTE swordes awaye, take laurell in your handes, Emblems, p. i 
 
 V_y Let not the Sonne goe downe vppon your ire. 
 
 Let hartes relente, and breake oulde rancors bandes, 
 
 And frendshippes force subdue your rashe desire. 
 Let desperate wightes, and ruffians, thirst for blood, 
 Winne foes, with loue ; and thinke your conquest good." 
 
 " Veritas inuictd" Unconquered truth, and the Holy Book, the 
 emblem of that truth, in the full light of the sun, with the brood- 
 ing wings of "God's spirit and the arm of his power supporting it 
 in the heavens, form a device that the old Puritanism,* or rather 
 the deep Christian religiousness of Whitney's mind delighted to 
 contemplate. The book is open at the words, "Et VSQVE AD 
 NUBES VERITAS TV A," Thy truth even to the clouds ; a chain is 
 suspended to it, reaching to the earth ; and the great enemy of 
 souls, to the manifest delight of demons looking on, is endea- 
 vouring to drag down the blessed volume. Such is the picture 
 to which the fitting lines are devoted : 
 
 TIOVGHE Sathan striue, with all his maine, and mighte, Emblems, p. 1 
 To hide the truthe, and dimme the lawe deuine : 
 Yet to his worde, the Lorde doth giue such lighte, 
 That to the East, and West, the same doth shine : 
 And those, that are so happie for to looke, 
 Saluation finde, within that blessed booke." 
 
 * The traces of Whitney's Puritanism are clear enough. His patron, from no high 
 motive it is to be feared, countenanced that party, and is spoken of by our author as 
 " a selons fanourer of the Gosfiell, and of the godlie preachers thereof'' Several expres- 
 sions, though in the broad sense properly applied to all truly religious men, were at 
 that day appropriated to one section only of Christ's church, and Whitney appears so 
 to employ them. A single instance will suffice to show this : 
 
 " The pastors good, that doe gladd tidinges preache, ■ Emblems, p. 8 
 
 The godlie sorte, with reuerence do imbrace : 
 
 Though they be men, yet since Godds worde they teache, 
 
 Wee honor them, and giue them higheste place." 
 
Ixx 
 
 Introdtictory Dissertation. 
 
 Our last example of original verses by Whitney shall be, "In 
 Emblems, p. 214. diuitem indoctum" On a rich man without learning ; they cer- 
 tainly possess elegance as well as truth : 
 
 " A LEADEN sworde, within a goulden sheathe, 
 Jr\. Is like a foole of natures finest moulde : 
 To whome, shee did her rarest giftes bequethe, 
 Or like a sheepe, within a fleece of goulde. 
 Or like a clothe, whome colours braue adorn, 
 When as the grounde, is patched, rente, and torne. 
 
 For, if the minde the chiefest treasures lacke, 
 Thoughe nature bothe, and fortune, bee out frende; 
 Thoughe goulde wee weare, and purple on our backe, 
 Yet are wee poore, and none will vs comende 
 But onlie fooles ; and flatterers, for theire gaine : 
 For other men, will ride vs with disdaine." 
 
 The character of Whitney as a poet may be summed up 
 briefly by saying that there is much of simple beauty and purity 
 both of sentiment and of expression in most of his poems, whe- 
 ther original or translated. He shared however in the great 
 fault of his age,* an excessive deference to classical authorities 
 and an immoderate use of the pagan mythology. Hence, as in 
 all writers who err in this way, there is to the modern reader, 
 whose mind has not been so thoroughly imbued with the spirit 
 of Greek and Roman literature, a frigidity and apparent want of 
 
 Rise of the * -For a lively picture of the extent of the fault read Motley's account of the solemni- 
 
 Dutch Republic, ties attending the inauguration, or rather consecration, of the university of Leyden on 
 485. " PP ' the 5th of February 1575. The procession is very graphically described, and then, 
 "As it reached the Nun's Bridge, a barge of triumph, gorgeously decorated, came 
 floating down the sluggish Rhine. Upon its deck, under a canopy enwreathed with 
 laurels and oranges, and adorned with tapestry, sat Apollo, attended by the Nine 
 Muses, all in classical costume; at the helm stood Neptune with his trident. The 
 Muses executed some beautiful concerted pieces; Apollo twanged his lute. Having 
 reached the landing-place, this deputation from Parnassus stepped on shore, and stood 
 awaiting the arrival of the procession. Each professor, as he advanced, was gravely 
 embraced and kissed by Apollo and all the Nine Muses in turn, who greeted their 
 arrival besides with a recitation of an elegant Latin poem. This classical ceremony 
 terminated, the whole procession marched together to the cloister of Saint Barbara, 
 the place proposed for the new university, where they listened to an eloquent oration 
 by the Rev. Caspar Kolhas, after which they partook of a magnificent banquet. With 
 this memorable feast, in the place where famine so lately reigned, the ceremonies were 
 concluded. " 
 
Introductory Dissertation. 
 
 Ixxi 
 
 reality in many of his verses ; as there ever must be, when a 
 writer is rather the exponent of a painfully acquired learning 
 than of a naturally flowing sympathy. 
 
 Yet a rich vein of beautiful simplicity, far different from the 
 over refinement, I dare to name it in many instances the degene- 
 racy, of some of our modern poetry, pervades Whitney's stanzas. 
 True, he introduces Isis and Niobe, Actaeon and Diana, Apollo 
 and Daphne, Achilles and Ajax, and a whole host of Greek and 
 Latin worthies ; but they are seldom brought forward inappro- 
 priately to the occasion or the sentiment ; his mind had been 
 trained into intimacy with them ; their deeds were the familiars 
 of his thoughts ; and so it was really natural for a scholar, edu- 
 cated as he had been, and accustomed to hear all around him 
 continually speaking of the " Roman models and the Attic 
 muse," — natural to give forth of his stores and to array himself 
 or his sentiment, now with the shield of Achilles, and now with 
 the toga of Cicero. 
 
 The wonder is that this custom or habit of expressing his 
 thoughts did not spoil " his well of English undefiled," and make 
 it, like the speech of Cerberus, " a leash of languages at once." 
 That it did not do this, among many instances, I appeal to the 
 lines on Silence : 
 
 "And Cato sayeth : That man is next to God, Emblems, P . 60 
 
 Whoe squares his speeche, in reasons rightful frame : 
 For idle wordes, God threatneth with his rodde, 
 And sayeth, wee must give reckoninge for the same : 
 
 Sainct Pavle likewise, this faulte doth sharplie tutche, 
 
 And oftentimes, condemneth bablinge muche." 
 
 And also to that stanza on the world which is above us, 
 "Superest quod supra est :" 
 
 " This worlde must chaunge : That worlde, shall still indure. Emblems, P . iz6. 
 Here, pleasures fade : There, shall they endlesse bee. 
 Here, man doth sinne : And there, hee shalbee pure. 
 Here, deathe he tastes : And there, shall neuer die. 
 
 Here, hathe hee griefe : and there shall ioyes possesse 
 
 As none hath seene, nor anie harte can guesse." 
 
 For pure, simple English, clothing very instructive thoughts, 
 I would also name the fable of the Pine Tree and the Gourd to 
 
lxxii Introdttctory Dissertation. 
 
 '■'P- 34- the motto "In momentaneam felicitatem" On momentary happi- 
 ness. It has nearly every thing we can desire in a composition 
 of the kind — clearness, a good conception well carried out, and 
 an appropriate application of the imaginary tale : 
 
 " r I TIE fruictfull gourde, was neighboure to the Pine, 
 JL And lowe at firste, abowte her roote did spread, 
 But yet, with dewes, and siluer droppes in fine, 
 It mounted vp, and almaste towch'de the head : 
 And with her fruicte, and leaues on euerie side, 
 Imbras'de the tree, and did the same deride. 
 
 To whome, the Pine with longe Experience wise, 
 And ofte had seene, suche peacockes loose theire plumes, 
 Thus aunswere made, thow owght'st not to despise, 
 My stocke at all, oh foole, thow much presumes. 
 
 In coulde, and heate, here longe hath bene my happe, 
 
 Yet am I sounde, and full of liuelie sappe. 
 
 But, when the froste, and coulde, shall thee assaie, 
 Thowghe nowe alofte, thow bragge, and freshlie bloome, 
 Yet, then thie roote, shall rotte, and fade awaie, 
 And shortlie, none shall knowe where was thy roome : 
 Thy fruicte, and leaues, that now so highe aspire 
 The passers by, shall treade within the mire, 
 
 Let them that stande, alofte on fortunes wheele, 
 And bragge, and boaste, with puffe of worldlie pride 
 Still beare in minde, howe soone the same maie reele, 
 And alwayes looke, for feare theire footinge slide : 
 And let not will, houlde vp theire heades for fame, 
 When inwarde wantes, maie not supporte the same." 
 
 The final characteristic and not the least is purity of thought 
 and diction ; not a single line in the whole book needs to be ob- 
 literated because of any impropriety of expression. And this 
 merit is enhanced by the certainty that there is no affectation of 
 prudery ; the soul out of which Whitney spoke to his fellow men 
 was one that feared God and loved truth, and clothed its thoughts 
 in a poetic form only that it might with more fervour recommend 
 the justice, the right-mindedness and the virtue which it prized 
 and endeavoured to serve. All who know the grievous offen r 
 siveness of some of the writers of this age will esteem it no slight 
 
In trod tic to ry Disserta Hon . 
 
 lxxiii 
 
 claim to praise that his mind, as Spenser describes Contemplation: 
 
 " His mind was full of spiritual repast." 
 
 And his themes, though confined by the narrow limits which 
 ever attend proverbs and devices and emblems, were those 
 which chasten and improve the intellectual and moral powers: 
 
 " Till oft converse with heavenly habitants Milton. 
 Begin to cast a beam on th' outward shape, 
 The unpolluted temple of the mind, 
 And turns it by degrees to the soul's essence 
 Till all be made immortal." 
 
 Most thankful am I that the enterprise which I dared to sug- 
 gest has met with encouragement and is now near its desired 
 end, and that Whitney's Emblems may again occupy a place of 
 regard in his native county. Many have aided me by unlooked- 
 for favour, good counsel and pleasant and most acceptable 
 recognition ; but in my own neighbourhood especially have I 
 experienced sympathizing support, and cheering assistance,— 
 all lending authority to the fine sentiment of our author : 
 
 " Not for our selues, alone wee are create, Emblems, p. 64. 
 
 But for our frendes, and for our countries good." 
 
 And good I am persuaded it is to listen to our worthies of old, — 
 to glow with something of their inspiration, — to feel that life has 
 an object, duties and motives, and that they live to the highest 
 purposes who, besides seeking " under pleasaunte deuises " to 
 commend "profitable moralles," carry on the chivalry of their 
 age to progress and final triumph. 
 
 Good Reader ! aid that work ; and then will I say, as Whitney 
 did, respecting the words and counsels of this old-world volume : 
 "Being abashed that my habillitie can not affoorde them suche, as see Epistle 
 are fit to be offred vp to so honorable a suruaighe : yet if it shall p. e xiM. atorie ' 
 like your honour to allowe of anie of them, I shall thinke my pen 
 set to the booke in happie houre ; and it shall incourage mee> to 
 assay some matter of more momente, as soone as leasure will fur- 
 ther my desire in that behalf e? 
 
 The excellencies of my author — his quaint, simple wisdom, 
 and the deep under-current of devout thoughtfulness which every- 
 where pervade his writings — may not have been set forth in their 
 
 k 
 
lxxiv 
 
 Introductory ^Dissertation . 
 
 proper light ; and the natural beauties which belong to the sub- 
 ject may be marred by the unskilfulness with which they are 
 arranged ; yet truly can I say that in love and admiration I have 
 wrought this framework for pictures of a by-gone age ; they are 
 apples of gold, I would they were set amid ornaments of silver. 
 
 So I commend, as far as it is proper to be done, both Whit- 
 ney's labours and my own to the candid judgment of the friends 
 and lovers of the old literature, trusting, as our Geffrey of " Cestre- 
 the 'Reade° shir" himself did, that " my good will shalbe waighed as well as 
 the worke, and that a pearle shall not bee looked for in a poore 
 mans puree, I submit my doings herein to their censures." 
 
 HENRY GREEN. 
 
 Knutsford, Cheshire, , 
 October ioth, 1865. 
 
 ra rpia ravra' 
 
 1 Cor. xiii. 13. 
 
INDEX TO THE MOTTOES, 
 
 WITH 
 
 TRANSLATIONS ; AND SOME PROVERBIAL 
 EXPRESSIONS. 
 
 HAD regard only to be paid to the assistance which the 
 learned require, nothing more would be given, by way 
 of Index, than the arrangement of the Mottoes in alphabetical 
 order, with references to the pages. The book however may 
 chance to interest general readers ; and for their use, to facilitate 
 the understanding of the subjects which the stanzas treat of, and 
 in compliance with an expressed wish, translations are subjoined. 
 
 Whitney s Mottoes, with Translations. 
 
 A BSTINENTIA; self-control ^36 
 Aculei irriti ; thorns no hindrance 221 
 
 Aere quandoque salutem redimen- 
 dam ; safety must sometimes be 
 bought for money 35 
 
 iEthiopem lauare ; to wash the 
 Mthiop 57 
 
 Agentes, et consentientes, pari poena 
 puniendi ; those acting, and those 
 consenting, to bear an equal pe- 
 nalty a 54 
 
 Aliena pericula, cautiones nostrse; 
 other men's dangers, our warnings 154 
 
 Aliquid mali propter vicinum ma- 
 lum ; something bad near a bad 
 neighbour 164 
 
 Alius peccat, alius plectitur ; one 
 sins, another is beaten 56 
 
 Amicitia, etiam post mortem du- 
 rans ; friendship even after death 
 enduring 62 
 
 Amicitia fucata vitanda ; painted 
 friendship to be avoided 124 
 
 Amico ficto nulla fit iniuria ; to a 
 feigned friend no wrong is done 226 
 
 Page 
 
 Amor in filios ; love to offspring 29 
 
 Amorsui; love of self 149 
 Animi scrinium seruitus ; servitude 
 
 the cage of the soul 101 
 
 Animus, non res ; mind, not riches 198 
 Ars deludifcur arte ; art is deluded 
 
 by art 161 
 Audaces fortuna iuuat ; fortune helps 
 
 the daring 117 
 Audi, tace, fuge ; hear, be silent, 
 
 flee b 191 
 Aurese compedes ; golden fetters 202 
 Auri sacra fames quid non? ac- 
 cursed lust of gold, what not ? 179 
 Auxilio diuino ; by help divine 203 
 Auaritia ; covetousness 74 
 Auaritia huius seeculi ; the covetous- 
 ness of this world 204 
 
 "DILINGUES cauendi; the double 
 
 tongued must be avoided 
 Bis dat qui cit6 dat ; twice he gives 
 
 who quickly gives b 
 Biuium virtutis et vitij ; the double 
 
 path of virtue and of vice 
 
 1 60 
 
 90 
 
 40 
 
lxxvi Whitney's Mottoes, with Translations. 
 
 f^MCUM. odium ; blind hatred 31 
 
 ^ Caecus amor prolis ; blind love 
 of offspring a 188 
 
 Cajumniam contra calumniatorem 
 yirtus repellit ; virtue beats back 
 slander against the slanderer 6138 
 
 Captiuus, ob gulam ; a captive by 
 gluttony 128 
 
 Celsee potestatis species ; a repre- 
 sentation of exalted poiver 1 1 6 
 
 Coslum, non animum ; climate, not 
 nature 178 
 
 Concordia; concord a 76 
 
 Constanter; steadfastly 129 
 
 Constantia comes victorise ; stead- 
 fastness the companion of virtue 137 
 
 Cum laruis non luctandum ; we 
 should not wrestle with phantoms 127 
 
 Cum tempore mutamur ; we are 
 changed with time 167 
 
 Cuncta complecti velle, stultum ; 
 'tis foolish to tvish to compass all 
 things b 55 
 
 Curis tabescimus onines ; from cares 
 we all waste away 2 5 
 
 T~\ E inuido et auaro, iocosum ; of 
 the envious and the greedy, a 
 tale 95 
 
 De morte, et amore : iocosum ; of 
 death and love, a tale 1 32 
 
 De paruis, grandis aceruus erit ; 
 from little things a great heap 
 will be " ' 88 
 
 Desiderium spe vacuum ; desire void 
 of hope 44 
 
 Desidiam abiiciendam ; sloth to be 
 cast away 85 
 
 Dicta septem sapientum ; sayings 
 of the seven wise men 1 30 
 
 Dissidia inter eequales, pessima ; 
 dissensions among equals, the 
 worst 5 
 
 Dolor e medicina; pain from medi- 
 cine a 156 
 
 Dolus in suos ; treachery to one's 
 own 27 
 
 Dominus yiuit et videt ; the Lord 
 lives and sees 229 
 
 Dum setatis ver agitur : consule 
 brumse ; while life's spring lasts, 
 consult for winter 159 
 
 Dum potes, viue ; live while thou 
 canst 97 
 
 Dum viuo, prosum ; while I live, I 
 do good 5 77 
 
 Dura vsu molliora ; hard things be- 
 come softer from use b 156 
 
 Durum telum necessitas ; necessity 
 a hard weapon 36 
 
 _ Page 
 
 T7 1, qui semel sua prodegerit, aliena 
 credi non oportere; who has once 
 squandered his own, ought not to 
 be trusted with another's 3 3 
 
 Ex bello, pas ; out of war, peace 0138 
 
 Ex damno alterius, alterius vtilitas ; 
 from loss of one, the advantage of 
 another 119 
 
 Ex maximo minimum ; from great- 
 est least b 229 
 
 Ex morbo medicina; the cure from 
 the disease 209 
 
 Experientia docet ; experience 
 
 teaches 9 
 
 "p ATUIS leuia commitito ; entrust 
 
 trifles to fools 8 1 
 
 Eel in melle ; gall in honey 1 47 
 
 Fere simile, in Hypocritas ; "almost 
 the like, on Hypocrites 226 
 
 Fere simile ex Theocrito ; almost 
 the like from Theocritus 148 
 
 (Cum quo conuenit aliud ex Ana- 
 creonte ; with which agrees an- 
 other from Anacreon) 148 
 
 Fere simile prsecedenti, ex Alciato ; 
 almost like the foregoing, from 
 Alciat 17° 
 
 Feriunt summos fulmina montes ; 
 lightnings strike the highest moun- 
 tains 14° 
 
 Festina lente ; hasten slowly 1 2 1 
 
 Fides non apparentium ; faith in 
 things not seen 7 1 
 
 Fortissima minimis interdum ce- 
 dunt ; the strongest sometimes 
 yield to the least a $1 
 
 Fortiter et feliciter; bravely and 
 happily 115 
 
 Fortuua virtutem superans; for- 
 tune vanquishing virtue 70 
 
 Fraus meretur fraudem ; guile merits 
 guile 2 1 o 
 
 Froutis nulla fides ; faith on the 
 forehead, none 100 
 
 Frustra ; in vain 1 2 
 
 Furor et rabies ; fury and madness 45 
 
 AEEULITAS ; chattering a so 
 Gratiam referendam ; favour 
 to be repaid 7 3 
 
 XT ABET et bellum suas leges; 
 
 even war has its laws 112 
 
 Homines voluptatibus transforman- 
 tur; men are transformed by 
 pleasures 8 2 
 
 Homo homini lupus ; man a wolf 
 to man 144 
 
Whitney 's Mottoes, 
 
 with Translations. lxxvii 
 
 Hosti etiam seruanda fides ; even to 
 an enemy faith must be kept 
 
 Page 
 
 114 
 
 T LLICITUM non sperandum ; the 
 
 unlawful must not be hoped for b 1 39 
 
 Impar coniugmm ; unequal mar- 
 riage 99 
 
 Imparilitas ; inequality 207 
 
 Importunitas euitanda ; importu- 
 nity must be avoided 192 
 
 Impunitas ferocise parens ; impu- 
 nity the parent of cruelty b 222 
 
 In amore tormentum ; in love tor- 
 ment 219 
 
 Inanis impetus ; a vain attempt 213 
 
 In astrologos ; on astrologers 28 
 
 In auaros ; on the avaricious 1 8 
 
 In colores ; on colours 1 34 
 
 In eopia minor error; in exuberance 
 less mistake 142 
 
 In curiosos ; on the over-curious 145 
 
 In desciscentes ; on those degenera- 
 ting J 189 
 
 In dies meliora ; better things daily 5 3 
 
 In diuitem, indoctum ; on the rich 
 
 man, unlearned 214 
 
 Indulgentia parentum, filiorum per- 
 nicies ; indulgence in parents, of 
 sons the destruction 155 
 
 Industria naturam corrigit ; indus- 
 try corrects nature 92 
 
 In eos qui multa promittunt, efc 
 nihil prsestant ; on those who pro- 
 mise much, and perform nothing 162 
 
 In eos, qui, proximioribus spretis, 
 remotiora sequuntur ; on those 
 who despising the near, follow the 
 distant 157 
 
 In eum qui sibi ipsi damnum ap- 
 parat ; on the man who prepares 
 loss for himself 49 
 
 In eum qui truculentia suorum pe- 
 rierit ; on him who rvill perish 
 from his friend's harshness 90 
 
 In foecunditatem, sibi ipsi damno- 
 sam ; on fruitfulness injurious to 
 its own self 174 
 
 Infortunia nostra, alienis collata, 
 leuiora ; our misfortunes, com- 
 pared with other people's, made 
 lighter a 93 
 
 Ingenium superat vires ; genius 
 excels strength J 168 
 
 Inimicorum dona, infausta ; the 
 gifts of enemies, unlucky 37 
 
 Iniuriis, infirmitas subiecta ; to 
 
 wrongs weakness is subjected b 52 
 
 Ihiuuentani; on youth 146 
 
 In momentaneam felicitatem ; on 
 happiness for a moment 34 
 
 Page 
 
 In occasionem ; on occasion, or 
 fortune 181 
 
 In pace de bello ; in peace, for war b 153 
 
 In poenam seetatur et vmbra ; for 
 punishment even a shadow is pur- 
 sued 32 
 
 In quatuor anni tempora ; on the 
 four seasons of the year J 54 
 
 Insignia poetarum ; the badge of 
 poets 126 
 
 In sinu alere serpentem ; in the 
 bosom to nourish a serpent as 189 
 
 In sortis suk contemptores ; on de- 
 spisers of their own lot 102 
 
 Insperatum auxilium ; unlooked- 
 for help 113 
 
 In statuam Baccbi, on the statue 
 of Bacchus 187 
 
 In studiosum captum amore ; on 
 the student caught by love 135 
 
 Interdum requiescendum ; some- 
 times we must rest ■ 103 
 
 Interiora vide ; look within 69 
 
 Interminabilis humanse vitee labor; 
 endless the labour of human life 215 
 
 Intestinal simultates ; internal dis- 
 sensions 7 
 
 In victoriam dolo partam; on vic- 
 tory gained by guile 30 
 
 Inuidia integritatis assecla ; envy 
 the attendant on integrity 118 
 
 Inuidiee descriptio ; description of 
 envy 94 
 
 In vitam humanam ; on human life 14 
 
 In vtrumque paratus ; prepared for 
 either part 66 
 
 Iudicium Paridis ; the judgment of 
 Paris 83 
 
 T ABOR irritus ; labour in vain 
 Latet anguis in herba ; the 
 
 48 
 24 
 
 snake lies hid in the grass 
 Ludus, luctus, luxus ; gaming, grief, 
 
 gluttony 1 7 
 
 Luxuriosorum opes ; riches of pro- 
 
 b5S 
 
 TV/TALE parta male dilabuntur; 
 
 badly gotten badly scattered 169 
 Marte et arte ; by Mars and art 47 
 Maturandum ; make good speed b 1 8 8 
 Medici icon; a physician's portrait 212 
 Mediocribus vtere partis ; despise 
 
 not moderate possessions 39 
 Mens immota manet ; the mind un- 
 moved remains 43 
 Mihi pondera, luxus ; excess, a 
 
 weight to me 23 
 Minuit preesentia famam ; presence 
 lessens fame 20 
 
lxxviii Whitney s Mottoes, 
 
 with Translations. 
 
 Page 
 
 Mortui diuitiee ; a dead man's riches 86 
 
 Mulier vmbra viri ; woman man's 
 shadow 6218 
 
 Murus seneus, Sana conscientia ; 
 the wall of brass, a sound con- 
 science 67 
 
 Mutuuni auxiliuin ; mutual help 65 
 
 TVTEC sibi, nee alteri ; nor for him- 
 self, nor another 
 
 Nee verbo, nee facto, quenquam lse- 
 dendum ; nor in word, nor in 
 deed, must we injure any one 
 
 Neglecta virescunt; neglected they 
 flourish 
 
 Nemo potest duobus dominis ser- 
 uire ; no man can serve tioo mas- 
 ters 
 
 Nil penna, sed vsus ; the wing no- 
 thing, but the use 
 
 Nimiuni rebus ne fide secundis ; 
 trust not prosperity too much 
 
 Noli altum sapere ; aim not aloft 
 
 Noli tuba canere eleemosynam ; not 
 with a trumpet sound forth alms 
 
 Non dolo, sed vi ; not by craft, but 
 force 
 
 Non locus virum, sed vir locum 
 
 ornat ; not place the man, but 
 
 man the place adorns 
 Non tibi, sed religioni ; not for thee, 
 
 but religion 
 Nullus dolus contra casum ; no 
 
 craft against mischance 
 Nusquam tuta fides ; faith never 
 
 safe 
 
 J 9 
 
 a 222 
 
 223 
 
 59 
 78 
 
 h 224 
 58 
 
 38 
 
 /~\MNIS caro foenum ; all flesh is 
 v ^ grass 
 
 Orpbei musica ; the music of Or- 
 pheus 
 
 Otiosi semper egentes ; the idle ever 
 destitute 
 
 Otium sortem exspectat ; idleness 
 
 awaits its destiny 
 O vita, misero longa ; 0 life, long 
 
 to the wretched 
 
 "DARUAM culinam, duobus gane- 
 onibus non sufficere ; a small 
 Tcitchen does not suffice two glut- 
 tons 
 
 Patria cuique chara; native land to 
 each one dear 
 
 Paupertatem summis ingeniis obes- 
 se ne prouehantur; poverty hin- 
 ders the highest genius from gain-, 
 ing promotion 
 
 Pennae gloria perennis ; the pen's 
 glory eternal 
 
 15° 
 
 217 
 186 
 
 175 
 26 
 
 75 
 
 «55 
 
 152 
 196 
 
 Page 
 
 Perfidus familiaris ; a treacherous 
 friend 
 
 Peruersa iudicia ; perverse judg- 
 ments a 2 1 8 
 
 Petre, imitare petram ; Peter, imi- 
 tate petre, i.e. rock 96 
 
 Pietas filiorum in parentes ; piety 
 of sons towards parents 163 
 
 Pietas in patriam; piety to one's 
 country 1 1 1 
 
 Poena sequens ; punishment follow- 
 ing 41 
 
 Post amara dulcia ; after bitters 
 siveets 1 65 
 
 Post fata : vxor morosa, etiam dis- 
 cors ; after death : a cross wife 
 still contrary 158 
 
 Potentia amoris ; power of love a 182 
 
 Potentissimus affectus, amor ; love, 
 the most powerful passion 6 3 
 
 Praecocia non diurturna ; precocious 
 things not lasting 173 
 
 Praepostera fides ; preposterous faith 80 
 
 Pro bono, malum ; for good, evil a 153 
 
 Prouidentia ; foresight 3 
 
 Prudentes vino abstinent ; the wise 
 refrain from wine 133 
 
 Pulchritudo vincit ; beauty con- 
 quers b 182 
 
 Pulchritudo sine fructu ; beauty 
 without fruit 205 
 
 QUA dij vocant, euudum ; where 
 the gods call, we must go 
 Quae ante pedes ; things at our feet 
 Quaere adolescens, vtere senex ; 
 
 young man seek, old man use 
 Quae sequimur fugimus ; ivhat we 
 
 follow, we flee 
 Qui me alit me extinguit ; who nou- 
 rishes me, extinguishes me 
 Qui se exaltat, humiliabitur ; tuhoso 
 
 exalts himself, shall be humbled a 2 1 6 
 Quod in te est, prome ; what is in 
 
 thee, draw forth 
 Quod non capit Christus, rapit fis- 
 cus ; what Christ takes not, the 
 exchequer clutches 
 Quod potes, tenta ; try, what thou 
 canst 
 
 2 
 64 
 
 J 50 
 
 199 
 
 183 
 
 87 
 
 151 
 
 ■DEMEDITJM tempestiuum sit; 
 
 let there be a timely remedy 
 Res humanae in summo declinant ; 
 
 at their summit human affairs 
 
 decline 
 
 Kespice, et prospice; look behind, 
 
 and before 
 Ridicula ambitio ; foolish ambition 
 
 (76) 
 
 16 
 
 S76 
 
 108 
 
Whitney's Mottoes, 
 
 with Translations. lxxix 
 
 CiEPIUS in auro bibitur vene- 
 *^ num ; oftener in gold is poison 
 
 79 
 
 Scribit in marmore laesus ; being 
 
 injured he writes on marble b 183 
 Scripta manent ; writings remain 131 
 Scripta non temere edenda ; wri- 
 tings must not rashly be pub- 
 lished 1 85 
 Semper prsesto esse infortunia ; ill 
 
 luck is always at hand 176 
 Serd sapiunt Phryges ; too late are 
 
 Phrygians wise 77 
 Sic setas fugit ; so our age flees 227 
 Sic discerne ; so winnow it 68 
 Sic probantur ; so are they ap- 
 proved a 224 
 Sic spectanda fides ; so fidelity is to 
 
 be tested a 139 
 
 Si Deus nobiscum, quis contra nos ? 
 
 if God tvith us, who against us ? 5 166 
 Silentium; silence 60 
 Sine iustitia, confusio ; without jus- 
 tice, confusion 122 
 Si nihil attuleris, ibis Homere foras ; 
 if you have brought nothing, Ho 
 mer, you will go out of doors 
 
 a 168 
 10 
 
 Sirenes ; the Sirens 
 Sobrie potandum ; we must drink 
 
 soberly 125 
 Soli Deo gloria ; to God alone the 
 
 glory 228 
 Sol non occidat super iracundiam 
 vestram ; let not the sun set upon 
 your wrath 6216 
 Spesyana; vam hope a 191 
 
 Strenuorum immortale nomen ; of 
 
 the brave immortal is the name 193 
 Studiis inuigilandum ; we must be 
 
 watchful at studies 172 
 Stultitia sua seipsum saginari ; to 
 glut oneself in one's own foolish- 
 ness a 98 
 Sfcultorum quanto status sublimior, 
 tantd manifestior turpitudo ; the 
 loftier the standing of fools, the 
 plainer their dishonour a 190 
 Superbise vltio ; vengeance on pride 1 3 
 Superest quod suprii est ; what is - 
 above survives 225 
 
 '"TECUM habita ; abide by thyself 
 Temeritas ; rashness 
 
 9 1 
 6 
 
 Teropora cuneta mitiora ; with time 
 all things more mellow 
 
 Tempus omnia terminat ; time ter- 
 minates all things 
 
 Te stante, virebo ; thou standing, I 
 shall flourish 
 
 Tunc tua res agitur, paries cum 
 proximus ardet ; thine own is in 
 question when the nea;t wall is 
 on fire 
 
 Turpibus exitium ; destruction to 
 the shameless 
 
 \ TNICA semper auis ; the bird 
 ever alone 
 
 Vsus libri, non lectio prudentes 
 facit ; the use of a book, not read- 
 ing makes toise 
 
 Vxoriae virtutes ; the virtues of a 
 wife 
 
 \ 7"AEIJ hominum sensus ; various 
 
 are the opinions of men 
 Vel post mortem formidolosi ; even 
 
 after death dreaded 
 Venter, pluma, venus, laudem fugi- 
 
 unt ; gluttony, sloth, lust, put 
 
 glory to flight 
 Verbum emissum non est reuoca- 
 
 bile ; the word uttered cannot be 
 
 recalled 
 
 Veritas inuicta ; truth unconquered 
 Veritas temporis filia ; truth daugh- 
 ter of time 
 Victoria cruenta; a bloody victory 
 Video, et taceo ; I see, and keep 
 
 Page 
 
 206 
 230 
 
 Vigilentia, et custodia ; watchful- 
 ness, and guardianship 
 
 Vincit qui patitur ; who suffers con- 
 quers 
 
 Vindice fato ; fate the avenger 
 Virescit vulnere virtus ; virtue gains 
 
 strength from tvounds 
 Virtus vriita, valet ; virtue united, 
 
 prevails 
 
 Vitse, aut morti ; for life, or for 
 death 
 
 Vita irrequieta ; a restless life 
 Voluptas serumnosa ; sorrowful 
 pleasure 
 
 2ELOTYPIA ; jealousy 
 
 208 
 
 177 
 
 171 
 b 93 
 
 46 
 194 
 
 42 
 
 180 
 166 
 
 4 
 !95 
 
 61 
 
 220 
 H3 
 
 b 98 
 
 72 
 
 89 
 
 15 
 21 1 
 
Ixxx 
 
 Proverbial Expressions. 
 
 T ° jTxiv^'jcj -A -^-^-kE snaul n °t bee looked for in a poore mans puree. 
 
 p. xv, 1. 5. Manie droppes pierce the stone, & with manie blowes the oke is 
 
 ouerthrowen. 
 
 p. xv, I. 42. So manie men, so manie mindes. 
 
 Emb. p. 55, 1. 2. One groaue, maie not two redbreastes serue. 
 
 p. 66, 1. 2. The prouerbe saieth, one man is deemed none, 
 
 And life, is deathe, where men doo liue alone. 
 
 p. 77. 1- The prouerbe saieth, so longe the potte to water goes, 
 
 That at the lengthe it broke returnes. 
 
 p. 79) 7- Not euerie one, mighte to Corinthus goe. 
 
 p. 101, 1. 9. The Prouerbe saithe, the bounde muste still obey, 
 
 And bondage bringes, the freest, man in awe : 
 Whoe serues must please, and heare what other saye. 
 
 p. 103, I. 12. For ouermuch, dothe dull the finest wittes. 
 
 p. 107, 1. 39. Bicause, it is in vaine, to set a candell in the Sonne. 
 
 p. 141, 1. 13. All is not goulde that glittereth to the eye. 
 
 p. 147, 1. 4. He founde that sweete, was sauced with the sower. 
 
 p. 164, 1. 18. Then like, to like : or beste alone remaine. 
 
 p. 165, 1. 11. None merites sweete, who tasted not the sower, 
 
 Who feares to climbe, deserues no fruicte, nor flower. 
 
 That goodes ill got, awaie as ill will goe. 
 
 Hereof the prouerbe comes : Soon ripe, soon rotten turnes. 
 
 Heare much ; but little speake ; and flee from that is naught. 
 
 p. 
 
 170, 
 
 1. 
 
 12. 
 
 p. 
 
 173. 
 
 1. 
 
 9- 
 
 p- 
 
 «9i. 
 
 1. 
 
 7- 
 
POSTSCRIPT TO THE INTRODUCTORY 
 DISSERTATION. 
 
 (From Documents supplied by Henry Austin Whitney, Esq., 
 Boston, Mass., U.S.A.) 
 
 jREEMASONRY in literature surely exists, in virtue of 
 which brotherhood is recognised among its votaries ; 
 and between men of similar pursuits there is a spi- 
 ritualism which in an inexplicable manner draws them 
 together, though continents and oceans divide. By 
 an all-directing Wisdom they have been subjected to the same in- 
 fluences at almost the same time, and they feel and confess the bond 
 by which they are united. Under such a persuasion, therefore, I follow 
 only the simple and natural promptings of the mind, when by this 
 Postscript I communicate to my readers the very valuable and interest- 
 ing documents entrusted to my use by a fellow-labourer, in the purpose, 
 if not in the actual enterprise, of bringing "The Choice of Emblemes" 
 again before the world. 
 
 I do this the more readily because these documents at once confirm To the Reader, 
 my conjecture that I had probably fallen into errors which further p v ' andv "' 
 researches would rectify, and because also they display more fully the 
 ramifications of the Whitney families which I had confined almost Intr. Diss, 
 entirely to the counties of Hereford and Chester. It appears that the PP ' xxxv v ' 
 branches spread from Bristol to York, and from Suffolk to Wales. 
 
 During the very time at which I was engaged on this fac-simile 
 reprint, and even before, Mr. Samuel Austin Whitney of Glassboro', 
 New Jersey, Horatio G. Somerby, esq., and Mr. Henry Austin Whitney 
 were devoting themselves to the same object, and with the clearest 
 right, if we do not term it, with direct obligation. Two of these Document in. 
 gentlemen, I understand, are descendants from John Whitney of Islip, g ' ™' ree 
 Oxfordshire, who in April 1635, with his wife Elinor and five sons, opposite p.taxv 
 embarked from London for New England, and who in June of the 
 same year "bought a sixteen-acre home-stall" at Watertown, where 
 
 / 
 
lxxxii Postscript to Introductory Dissertation. 
 
 three other sons were born to him, making a goodly number for his 
 quiver when he would " speak with the enemies in the gate." Some 
 of the sons had a numerous offspring, — as John, with ten children, — 
 Richard, with eight, — Thomas, with eleven, — Jonathan, with eleven, — 
 Joshua, with eleven, — and Benjamin, with at least four. Thus the 
 grandchildren of the emigrant John Whitney were not less than fifty- 
 five. Whatever concerns the honour of the Whitney name may there- 
 fore justly be deemed the province and calling of their descendants. 
 And the more so, because of the common origin of the various families 
 Document III. of Whitney ; for Mr. H. A. Whitney testifies, — " From data in my 
 p. n an p. . p 0ssess i on) or at m y command, the connection of families of the name 
 in different parts of Herefordshire, in Radnor (Wales), Cheshire, Shrop- 
 shire, Worcestershire, Yorkshire, and in Ireland, is readily traced to 
 the parent stem, — the Whitneys of Whitney in Herefordshire." Again 
 he says, " It is not unreasonable to suppose that all bearing the name 
 Compare with had a common origin, and that they were descended from " Turstin 
 
 Introd. Diss. ° J 
 
 p. xxxvi. the Fleming, " the son of the follower of William the Conqueror, who 
 assumed the name of Whitney from his possessions " at Whitney in 
 Herefordshire. A Fleming in 1086 founded the family, and after five 
 hundred years his descendant Geffrey Whitney, in 1586, sought at 
 
 Essays, p. 269. Leyden the aid of a Fleming, Francis Rauelinghien, to imprint " The 
 Choice of Emblemes." Three other centuries nearly have passed by, 
 and the name which at first distinguished a border-chieftain is per- 
 petuated to show how justice has greater triumphs than violence ; 
 
 Emb. p. izy "That where this sacred Goddes is, 
 
 That land doth florishe still, and gladnes, their doth growe : 
 Bicause that all, to God, and Prince, by her their dewties knowe." 
 
 Feb. zj, 1866. The documents transmitted to me were : 1° A manuscript copy of 
 the Will of Geffrey Whitney the poet, lately extracted from the original, 
 by Horatio G. Somerby ; II 0 " Memoranda relating to families of the 
 name of Whitney in England f and IIP " Wills relating to the name of 
 Whitney in Buckinghamshire and Oxfordshire, England, 1549 to 1603; 
 with a Pedigree."* 
 
 * Of the " Memoranda," ten copies were printed on royal 4to, pages n, at Boston, U.S.A., April, 
 1859; and of "The Wilis" twelve copies on royal 4to, pages 2j, were privately printed at Boston, 
 U.S.A., October ioth, 1 865, — the very month and day and year on which at Knutsford in Cheshire I 
 dated the Introduction to this Reprint, p. Ixxiv. 
 
Postscript to Introdtictory Dissertation. lxxxiii 
 
 I. (Hops of tfje totll of (Mrej) ftSlfjitnep, gentleman. Document i. 
 
 From Her Majesty's Principal Registry of the Court 
 of Probate, London. 
 
 " In the name of God, Amen. I Jeffery Whitney of Ryles Greene in the Countie of 
 Chester, gent™, being sick in bodie but of sounde and perfect memorie thancks be to Nantwich Hun- 
 god therefore make and sett downe with my owne hande this my last will and Testa- drecl 
 ment in manner and fourme followinge. First I bequeath my sowle to Almightie god 
 my Creator besechinge him for the merritts of Ihesus Christe my onlie Saviour and 
 Redemer in his great mercie to receave the same into the congregacon of the faithefull 
 to live with him forever. And for the buriall of my bodie to be at the appointement 
 of my Executor. And for such smale worldlie goodes as the Lord hath blessed me 
 withall my will ys they shalbe disposed as followethe. First, I bequeath to my brother 
 Brooke Whitney the residue of yeares yet remaininge in my Farme or lease which I Br. Whitney, 
 
 holde of Richard Cotton of Cambermere esquier together with the deede of the same n . . „ 
 
 u ° . Richard Cotton, 
 
 Lease and all my severall parcells of howsholde stuff remaininge within my house there Emb. too. 
 as allso eleven sylver spones a silver salte a tipple pot with silver and all other my 
 goodes there and apparell whatsoever. Item I bequeath unto him my Dunne nag. 
 Item I bequeath my Liberarie of Books whole without difhishinge to Gefferie his sonne 
 yf yt shall please God to indue him with learninge in the lattin tonge or else to anie 
 other of his sonnes which shall attaine unto the same, yf none of them prove a scholler 
 then I leave and bequeath them to my said brothers disposinge. Item I bequeath to 
 him a trunck with Lynnen and apparell together with my plate remaininge in the safe Geffrey Whitney, 
 custodie of my Cosen Jefferie Whitney of Draiton. Item I bequeath unto him all EmI '' i8t ' 
 such debts as are due unto me by bond bill or otherwise. Out of which legacies so 
 bequeathed to my brother as is remembred my will is that he shall pay unto loan Mills 
 twentie pounds within one quarter of a yeare after my decease. Item to James Wood- 
 gate Tenne Poundes at his age of twentie yeares on this condition that he applie 
 himselfe to the gettinge of some arte or trade to live honestlie therewithall and not 
 otherwise. Item I bequeath to my sister Eldershae five marks. Item to my sister Mrs. A. Borron, 
 Baron Fortie shillings. Item to my sister Evans Fortie shillings. Item to my sister igi^ 1 ' Emb ' 
 Margerie twentie shillings. Item to Martha Colly ten shillings. Item to Charles Mrs. D. Colley, 
 Evance ten shillings. Item to Hellen Evance ten shillings. Item to Marie Eldershae Zmb"'gf V ' 
 Fortie shillings. Item I bequeath my best ringe to my Ladie Nedeham. The second 
 Ringe in goodnes I bequeath to my sister in lawe Mawdlin Whitney. Item I bequeath 
 my third Ringe to my Cosen Elizabethe Arnedell. My forth to my Cosen Mills. My 
 seale Ringe to my Cosen Geffery Whitney. And my Brooche to my Cosen Walter Emb. 181 
 Whitney. Item I bequeath to my brother Eldershae my gowne and fustian dublett. 
 Item to Edmond Eldershae an other of my dubletts with a paire of best breeches and 
 a paire of netherstocks. And for the performance of this my will I nominate and 
 appointe my brother to be my sole executor. In witnes whereof I have subscribed to Date of Will 
 theise presents the eleventhe daie of September Anno Dni one thousand six hundred Sept ' "' 1600 
 and in the two and fortethe yeare of the Raigne of our gracious soveraigne Ladie 
 Queene Elizabeth. By me Geffery Whitney. Witnesses hereunto Angell Baron, 
 
 Walter Whitney, John Browne." I° h , n Browne, 
 
 " J Emb. 2iz. 
 
 " Probatum fuit hmdi {hujusmodi) Testamentum apud London coram venerabili Probate, May 28, 
 viro magro (inagistro) Johe (J ohanne) Gibson Legum doctore Curie Prerogative Cant' 1601 " 
 
lxxxiv Postscript to Introductory Dissertation. 
 
 (Canterbury) magro (magistro) Custode sive Comissario ltime (legitime) constitute* 
 vicesimo octavo die men 3 (mensis) Maij Anno Domini millimo sexcentesimo primo Jura- 
 mento mri (magistri) Thome Browne no pub" (notarii publici) procuris (procuratoris) 
 Brokei Whitney fris et ex ris (fratris et executoris ) Cui etc (et cetera) de bene etc (et 
 cetera) Jurat." 
 
 "Book Woodhall folio 33." 
 
 From the marginal references which I have added, it will be seen 
 that to several persons remembered in the will devices were dedicated 
 in "The Choice of Emblemes." Others who are named remain un- 
 known ; but the spelling antecedent to the seventeenth" or even the 
 eighteenth century was so unfixed that it is often nearly impossible to 
 identify persons by their written names. loan Mills may have been of 
 Cheshire p 387 ^ e ^ m ^y OI " Meoles, which had representatives at Sluys in Flanders, 
 and 837. ' near the end of the seventeenth century, and "myLadie Nedeham" 
 was of a family of great influence in South Cheshire and North Shrop- 
 shire, who had and have estates as earls of Kilmorey, close to the birth- 
 place* and residence of our author; but Woodgate, Eldershae, and 
 Evans are undetermined. 
 Emb. 148. When we consider one of the Emblems, which follows up the thought 
 
 Emb. 147. that there is " Fel in melle" gall even in honey, and which is dedicated 
 to a certain Lavra, with an intimation, 
 
 Thy dartes do giue so great a wounde, they pierce the harte within ;" 
 
 we are tempted to ask, was this Laura " loan Mills," to whom were 
 bequeathed " twentie pounds," to be paid " within one quarter of a 
 yeare," or was she " my Ladie Nedeham," who was honoured with " the 
 best ringe " 1 
 
 Teesdaie's Map " Ryles Greene," or as the name is now often given, Royals Green, 
 
 of Cheshire,i830. . ■ .... ' . 
 
 m the parish of Dodcot-cum-Wilkesley, is m the extreme south of 
 Nantwich hundred, where Cheshire points to the centre of Shrop- 
 shire; it is near to the high-road from Audlem to Whitchurch, and 
 if Plantin had set one leg of his compasses upon it, with a radius 
 Plate xi. a. of three miles the other leg would go round Coole Pilate, the probable 
 Emb. p. 17Z. place of the poet's birth, Audlem, "wheare," he says, "I my prime 
 Emb. p. 201. did spende," and " Cvmbermaire, that fame so farre commendes," 
 and to which estate his own "farme or lease" belonged. A stretch 
 
 King's Vale * Broomhall, within two miles of Coole Pilate, and not more than three miles from " Ryles Greene," 
 
 Royal, p. 66. j s thus described, "a great Township, the greatest part whereof hath been the Lands of the Lord 
 Shavington on the edge of Shropshire, now (a.d. 1621) Sir Robert Ncedhams, and near whereunto 
 T. W. Jones, esq. is scituate a Demean of the Whitneys, called the Mannour of Coole Pilate." A correspondent informs 
 Nantwich, m e " my Ladie Nedeham was only Lady by courtesy, and that her husband was Robert Nedeham 
 
 ' ' esq. ; she was the youngest daughter of Sir Edward Aston of Staffordshire." 
 
/"S 
 
PEDIGUEE OF WHITNEY, OF WHITNEY, IN H&BEFOBESHIIIE. 
 
 Sra, BALDWIN WHITNEY, of Whitney in Herefordshire, Eat =. . . . daughter o 
 
 Sir E-aatace Whitney, of Whitney, Kut.=>. , chut, of 01aniK.ro 
 
 Sir Eustace Whltaoy, of Whitney, Knt.=5. . dan. of . . . Porree. 
 
 . .. (Saw. of 'Thomas Eogers,=Iu>beH Whitney, of Wnlfrafly=sCpTjrtiaiAce, daa. oi James Baton Audley, 
 of Herefordshire. * by dsu. of - . . Ho!:\q3. Ear! of 
 
 { Kent. 
 
 /amea WbUiwy.. of Whitney, Esq- ^Blanche, (lac. and coheir of Simon Meiboruo, Joan Whitney, mar. lei, 4o 
 of Tillibjriou, co. Hereford; widow of Sir Thomas Sogers; 2d, to . . 
 I Wilil&ta Herbert, Knt. F&agh&u, of co. Hereford 
 
 : I . ■ • ■ . ■ | . ' " . . 
 
 Robert Whittey,=5£brgaKt, dfto of WatLlns Whitney ==Marfrarett da». end heir James. Whitney. &oiLit Whitney. Elisabeth Whitney, 
 of WhltcuF) Ssq- Robert nye, oi j of Jenkln At* Keeee, of wife of Thomae Mor- 
 
 GloaoMtechhtre. 
 
 JcnKtn Whitney, Katharine Whitney, wife of ftobert Ciou^u, of Shropshire 
 
 Elizabeth Whitney, 
 wife of William 3as- 
 tard, of Deobury. 
 
 Eustace Whitney, of Whit nay, ^Margaret, dau. and coheir 
 heir to hla brother James ; of William Vatican, of 
 iuried Joly 12. TSOfi. Glasbury. \n ao. Ifciiw ; 
 , * buriea Joly 2e, K-OC. 
 
 George Whitney = 
 
 George. Whitney at. 
 . . .-, daughter of . . 
 Sr.vnga, of Worcester- 
 shire. 
 
 K-jbepi Wliit.^v ^ 
 
 fichoLs \ 
 
 Nicholas Whitney. 
 Eustace Whitney. 
 Richard Whitney. 
 
 William Whitney. 
 (Qua re ?) bur. at 
 Whitney, Jan. 4, 
 
 Anne Whitney, wife of Tho- 
 mas Robage, in the iservics 
 of the Earl of rwnbr ke. 
 
 John Whitney, aged 88, A.D 1676, clalmeth to he heir to the whole fiunily. 
 
 Sir Robert Whifcney,=ADne, daughter of 
 of Whitney, born Sir Thomas Lucv, 
 Sept. 23, 1692; bu-. of Charlecote la 
 rfed Pept. 18, 16&8. Warwickshire, Kt. 
 
 Robert Whitney 
 b. April 1, 1615. 
 
 Eleanor Whitnev married 
 to Sir Henry Williams, of 
 Glvenievett, co. Breck- 
 nock, Knc. 
 
 Francis Whitney. 
 
 Lucy Whitney, wife of 
 . . . SmaUman, of KI- 
 nersley, co, Hereford, 
 Gent. _ 
 
 Anne Whitney, wife of 
 Thomae Rodde,of Fox- 
 ley iu Herefordshire; 
 born Feb 10, 1614; 
 mar. Jan. 1,1634. 
 
 Jn&n Whitwii.y, wife of 
 John Wijrmortj, of Lug- 
 ton, la- co. Hereford, 
 Gent. 
 
 Brklf^t Whitney bap. 
 Oct. 11, 1629; .burled 
 Feb. 8,1629-30. " 
 
 Eleanor Whitney.. 
 
 Elizabeth Whitney. 
 
 • Note. — Cofbtawcf. WmTiter. In Stowe's " Surrey of London," 
 folio, 1633. there is an Inscription given; to be found on a monument in 
 St. GJies Crlpplegate Chnrch, "on the' South elde of (he quire," — the 
 following account of which le taken from that work and the " New View 
 of London.'' published in 1708. 
 
 " Above Mr. Fox's is a very spacious fine white Marble Monument, 
 adorned with an entablature, Pediment; the flgure-of a young Lady 
 rUIng (la u black coffiu),with her winding-sheet about her (as an Em- 
 blem of the Resurrection); and two Copids, one offering her a Crown, 
 the other a Cbaplet ; with this Inscription, pertly on the side of the 
 Coffin, the rest under it [Uie Inscription is given cm printed tn toe ( Survey 
 •f Lmitm; 1633): — 
 
 " 1 Ta thf iHrmotE 
 
 of CONSTANCE WHITNEY* eldest daugh- 
 ter tt- Sir KottEBT WHrrnjayof WhtT- 
 »et, the proper pofwesalon of blni and bis 
 Ancestor*, in Herefordshire, for above 
 IJ-iS jeerefl past. Her Mother was the 
 fourth daughter of fir Thomas Loot, 
 of Chaklecoite, In Warwickshire, by 
 Coxsrutvr. Kixobhbu., daughter and 
 Scire of RtCHipD Ki NO hell, Survey- 
 or of tht Court of Wards. This Lady 
 Loot, ber gyaaAmofher, so bred her 
 tinea she *m eight years old, 
 [Tbm r vrr wrftto vfm Am tjxta 
 
 yiwilijti Mita^arg. 
 
 A? she ezcerd in all noble qualities, becom- 
 lnln^ a Virgin of so sweet proportion of 
 beauty and harmony of parts, she had all 
 Hweetnestto of manners anowerablo : 
 A delightfutl shaxpneaee or wit; 
 An offenceloHse modesty of Conversation : 
 A singular respect anil piety to her Pa- 
 rents; but ReHp^ous even to example. 
 She departed this Life most Chrl«tlanly, at 
 deventeene; dying, tbe griefe of all; but 
 to her Grandmother an unrecoverable 
 low, save iff her expectation ahee pball 
 not efey long after lier, aud the comfort of 
 knowing whose nbo 13, and where In the 
 Ketmrrection to meet her.' " 
 
 Tke following it fra 
 Under which Inscription 
 
 : " JVtie yitte of London i' 1 — 
 her Aims as a single woman, — 
 
 ' r There !o no dote to the Monument! but 1 have some reawoh to l*e- 
 Here it aN-at itlO years old. -Tiila Is probably it that fans given occasion 
 to sc many ftbuluu* Relationn a Woman here, rrlio, afttT "be was 
 tJbried, wr.ii taken up alive, and bad sevoral ('bildren afterward. 11 
 
 Note by n. 0. S. - Some person has added, In Ink, to the ' : >r> .■ 
 account, — " too children, them Uiog two on tne raonament."/ ! * t'ht 
 monument was probably eTected about M82. 
 
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Postscript to Introductory Dissertation, lxxxv 
 
 of eight miles would enclose Cholmondeley, and the " Hvghe Chol- 
 meleys," father and son, — Woodhey, and Thomas Wilbraham, the Emb. 130 and 
 original of " the fine Old English gentleman, one of the olden time " — Emb. 199. 
 Acton, the parish church of the Whitneys, — Shavington, the seat* of Plate xiii.«. 
 the Needhams, in Adderley parish, near Market Drayton, — and Drayton- Emb. 181. 
 in-Hales, where " Cosen Jefferie Whitney " dwelt, — also Ightfield, 
 named as the residence of sir Arthvre Manwaringe, knight, and Emb - ! 3'- 
 perhaps of his son " George Manwaringe, esquier" " the worshipfull Emb. 139. 
 and right vertuous yong Gentylman" to whom in 1573 Isabella Whitney Plate xi. 
 wished "happy health with good succsesse in all his godly affayres." 
 At Ryles Green there are three farms, of which the largest contains 
 about 200 acres, and one of these would be the " farme or lease which," 
 the testator declares, " I holde of Richard Cotton of Cambermere, 
 esquier." 
 
 Thus in his latter days was the poet in the very midst of old friends. 
 Tenderly, in a foreign land had he written the lines : 
 
 " And as the bees, that farre and near doe straye, 'Emb. 201. 
 
 And yet come home, when honie they haue founde : 
 So, thoughe some men doe linger longe awaye, 
 Yet loue they best their natiue countries grounde. 
 
 And from the same, the more they absent bee, 
 
 "With more desire, they wishe the same to see ;" 
 
 And again : 
 
 " Wherefore, when happe, some goulden honie bringes ? Emb. 201. 
 
 I will retorne, and rest my wearie winges ;" 
 
 And now, amid the bright scenes of his youth, with kindred near, full • 
 of faith and resignation the soul passed to his God. 
 
 II. " fH$lll0t3tttJcT relating to families of the Name of Whitney, in Document n. 
 England." 
 
 These pages, their editor observes, "are, in part, the result of a Note by h. a.w. 
 search made by Mr. Samuel Austin Whitney of Glassboro', New 
 Jersey, in 1856, and since continued by H. G. Somerby, esq., to 
 ascertain the parentage of John Whitney, who, with his wife Elinor 
 and five sons, embarked at London in the month of April 1635, for 
 New England, and who settled in Watertown in the following June, 
 where he continued to dwell until his death in 1673." 
 
 The pedigrees, sixteen in number, exhibit great labour and intelligent 
 
 * The Needhams, once of Cranage, co. Chester, are ancestors in a direct line of the present Francis Dod's Peerage. 
 Jack Needham, earl of Kilmorey, whose seat is at Shavington. The first viscount, created in 1625, 
 was son of a military commander in the Irish wars during the reign of Elizabeth. 
 
lxxxvi Postscript to Introductory Dissertation. 
 
 research, but like most other pedigrees are defective in the early dates. 
 They are compiled from various sources of undoubted authority, as the 
 Public Record Office, London, the Prerogative Court of Canterbury, 
 Parish Registers, and Family documents. 
 
 A brief recapitulation may be useful to some of our readers. 
 
 Pedigree : 
 
 1 . Of Whitney, of Whitney, in Hereford- 
 
 shire, p. I. 
 
 2. Of Whitney, of Clifford, in Hereford- 
 
 shire, p. 2. 
 
 3. Whitneys of Herefordshire, p. 3. 
 
 4. Whitney, of Llandbeder in the county 
 
 of Radnor, in Wales, p. 4. 
 
 5. Whitney, of Coole in Wrenbury, in 
 
 the county of Chester, p. 4. 
 
 6. Whitneys of Cheshire, p. 5- 
 
 7. Whitney, of Picton in the parish of 
 
 Plemonstall, in Cheshire, p. 5. 
 
 8. Whitney, of Barthomley, in the county 
 
 of Chester, p. 6. 
 
 9. Whitneys of London, p. 6. 
 
 Pedigree : 
 
 10. Whitneys of Shropshire, p. 7. 
 
 11. Whitney, of Brook Walden, in the 
 
 county of Essex, p. 7. 
 
 12. Whitney, of Surrey, p. 8. 
 
 13. Whitney, of Chinner and of Islip, in 
 
 Oxfordshire, p. 8. 
 
 14. Whitney, of Holt, in Worcestershire, 
 
 P.-9- 
 
 15. Whitneys of various counties, — as 
 
 Buckinghamshire, Suffolk, Oxford, 
 Norfolk, York, Warwickshire, 
 Wilts, Bristol, Northamptonshire, 
 Lincolnshire, p. 10. 
 
 16. Whitney, of Watertown, in New Eng- 
 
 land, p. 11. 
 
 Of these pedigrees we give the one which as far as England is 
 concerned traces up the Whitney family to its early settlement in 
 Herefordshire. Following page lxxxiv. is a photo-lithograph, being the 
 Pedigree of Whitney, of Whitney in Herefordshire, from the " Memo- 
 randa," and at the head of it might be placed Turstin the Fleming, the 
 son of Rolf, the father of Eustace who " assumed the name of Whitney, 
 from his possessions, and thus established a family of that name, which 
 was, for over six centuries, situated at Whitney in Herefordshire." 
 
 III. "Wills relating to the name of Whitney in Buckinghamshire 
 and Oxfordshire, England, 1549 to 1603, with a Pedigree." Edited by 
 Henry Austin Whitney and dedicated to his " iStltSmail, Thomas 
 Heston Whitney, esquire, of Glassboro\ Neiv Jersey." 
 
 The contents are : 
 
 1. Introductory Remarks, p. 9. 
 
 2. Pedigree of Whitney of Chinnor and 
 
 Islip, Oxfordshire, p. 14. 
 
 3. Extracts from the Parish Register of 
 
 Islip, p. 15. 
 
 4. Will of John Whitney, late of Stoke- 
 
 Goldington, co. Bucks, 1549, P- 17- 
 
 5. Will of Joan Goodchild (mother of 
 
 Joan Whitney) of Chinnor, Oxford- 
 shire, 1544, p. 19. 
 
 6. Will of John Whitney, of Henton, 
 
 parish of Chinnor, Oxfordshire, 
 
 1575, p. 20. 
 Will of Richard Whitney, of Islip, 
 
 Oxfordshire, 1603, p. 2.x. 
 Will of John Stapp (father of Alice 
 
 Whitney) of Pitchcot, county Bucks, 
 
 1601, p. 22. 
 
 Will of John Whitney, of Hinton, 
 parish of Chinnor, Oxfordshire, 
 
 1602, p. 23. 
 
 From this IHrd document, just before our page lxxxv, we extract in 
 photo-lithograph, the pedigree of Whitney of Chinnor and Islip, to 
 
Postscript to Introductory Dissertation, lxxxvii 
 
 which are to be referred, " as is supposed," many of the Whitneys that 
 for above two centuries have been settled in North America. To com- 
 plete it there should be subjoined the pedigree of the Whitneys of 
 Watertown, in New England, but we have already given notices of f x ^ xl and 
 them sufficient to elucidate the subject. 
 
 Many are the extracts we would make from the notes* to the 
 Pedigrees and from the subject-matter of the Wills, but time and space 
 both forbid. Of Constance Whitney, one of a family of twelve 
 grandchildren of sir Thomas Lucy, of Charlecote in Warwickshire, 
 Shakespeare's Mr. Justice Shallow, we must, however, give the record, 
 which is sufficient of itself, if need were, to redeem the Lucy family 
 from all the satirical inuendoes of the great dramatist. In St. Giles 
 Cripplegate Church, London, there was erected to her " a very spacious 
 fine white marble monument," described in Stowe's "Survey of Document n. 
 London," folio, 1633, and bearing this inscription : 
 
 '"Sfotfje jlKemorg 
 
 of Constance Whitney, eldest daugh- 
 ter to Sir Robert Whitney, of Whit- 
 ney, the proper possession of him and his 
 Ancestors, in Herefordshire, for above 
 500 yeeres past. Her Mother was the 
 fourth daughter of Sir Thomas Lucy, 
 of Charlecoite, in Warwickshire, by 
 Constance Kingsmell, daughter and 
 Heire of Richard Kingsmell, Survey- 
 or of the Court of Wards. This Lady 
 Lucy, her grandmother, so bred her 
 since she was eight years old, 
 As she excel'd in all noble qualities, becom- 
 ming a Virgin of so sweet proportion of 
 beauty and harmony of parts, she had all 
 sweetnesse of manners answerable : 
 A delightfull sharpnesse of wit ; 
 An ofFencelesse modesty of Conversation ; 
 A singular respect and piety to her Pa- 
 rents : but Religious even to example. 
 She departed this Life most Christianly, at 
 seventeene ; dying, the griefe of all ; but 
 to her Grandmother an unrecoverable 
 losse, save in her expectation shee shall 
 ■ not stay long after her, and the comfort of 
 
 knowing whose she is, and where in the 
 Resurrection to meet her.' " 
 
 So reverent a regard for the dead, as these documents manifest, 
 betokens worthiness in the living. Fortunate do I esteem myself not 
 
 * One is a curious use of the word " world," as if it meant a period of time, the duration of a life, as Document II 
 well as a collected hody of people ; it is in the will of " Margret Whytnye," dated October 20th, 1568, Memoranda, p, J. 
 "Item I do hereby confesse before God & the world that I have received of Edwarde Drax my ser- 
 vante a perfect acompte of all my rents and all other receipts which he have received from the begin- 
 ninge of the world until! now." 
 
 See also Photo- 
 Iith. at p. lxxxiv. 
 
ixxxviii Postscript to Introductory Dissertation. 
 
 to have sent forth my volume until it was freighted with some memo- 
 rials of John Whitney, the patriarch of Watertown in New England, 
 and the immediate successor, if not companion, of those who sailed in 
 the Mayflower, and were "the pilgrim fathers" of 1620. Of them 
 almost prophetically did our Cheshire poet speak when he illustrated 
 in verse the old saying " Constantia comes victoria," steadfastness is the 
 companion of victory ; 
 
 ( i " '"T^HE shippe, that longe vppon the sea dothe saile, 
 
 -L And here, and there, with varrijng windes is toste : 
 On rockes, and sandes, in daunger ofte to quaile. 
 Yet at the lengthe, obtaines the wished coaste : 
 
 Which beinge wonne, the trompetts ratlinge blaste, 
 . Dothe teare the skie, for ioye of perills paste. 
 Thoughe master reste, thoughe Pilotte take his ease, 
 Yet nighte, and day, the ship her course dothe keepe : 
 So, whilst that man dothe saile theise worldlie seas, 
 His voyage shortes : althoughe he wake, or sleepe. 
 And if he keepe his course directe, he winnes 
 That wished porte, where lastinge ioye beginnes." 
 
 , T " O Navis ! referent in mare te novi 
 
 Horace, 
 
 Carm. I. 4, Fluctus ? O ! quid agis ? fortiter occupa 
 
 Portum." 
 
 H. 
 
 March loth, 1866. 
 
A CHOICE 
 
 OF EMBLEM ES, 
 
 AND OTHER DEVISES, 
 
 For the mofte parte gathered out of (iindrie writers, 
 Englifhedand Moralized. 
 
 AND DIVERS NEWLY DEVISED, 
 
 by Geffrey Whitney. 
 
 A worke adorned with varietie of matter, both pleafant and profitable: -whe- 
 rein thofe that pleafe,mayefinde to fit their fancies :Bicaufe herein, by the 
 office of the tie, and the eare, the mindemaye reape dooble delighte thrcu- 
 ghe holfome preceptes , fhadowedmth pkafant deuifes : both fit for the 
 vertuotts, to their incor aging: and for the wicked , for their admoniflnng 
 and amendment. 
 
 , To the Reader. 
 Perufe Voithheede y thenfrendIiektdgt, and blaming rajhe refrnine^: 
 So maifl thottrtadevnto thy good , and /halt requite my prints. 
 
 Jmprinted at Leyden, 
 
 In the houfe of Chriftopher PlantyiL^ 
 by Francis Raphelengius. 
 
 m. d. l x x x y I. 
 
O THE RIGHT HONO- 
 
 R ABLE, MY SING VLER GOOD 
 Lorde and Maifter, Robert Earle of L e y- 
 c ester, Baron of Denbighe , Knight of the 
 mode noble orders of the garter , and of fain&e 
 Michael, Maifter of her Ma tics horfe, one of her 
 Highnes mofte honorable priuie Counfaile 3 and 
 Lorde Lieutenant and Captaine Generall of her 
 Ma ties forces, in the iowe countries. 
 
 Sovldior ofKingefmh- 
 
 LIPj/MaCEDONIA, 
 
 (^Rjgbte honorable ) fujfering fhtp- 
 Wracks 3 and languifhinge throughe Brafomus lib.}. 
 necejftte and extreme ficknes 3 *A 
 Macedonian mooued Veith compaf 
 fion 3 mofte lomnglie entertayned 3 
 and longe chert/bed and releeued 
 him * W/w being Well recouered 3 promt fed at his departure if 
 be might corns to the yre fence of bis Soueraigne to requite his 
 fienafbip. aAt the lengthe cominge to the courte 3 the fouldwr 
 made reportecf the fhip&racke , but not of the kjndnes of the 
 Macedonian : andcontrariMfe^fo incenfedtheKinge againft 
 his loutnge countryman, that he obtained agraunt of all his li- 
 mnges: "But afteftoarde his ingratitude and trecberous praBtfe 
 being df corned to this good prince 3 he reuoked*hisguifte 3 and 
 in deteftation of his ikmnge caufed him to bee marked Voith & 
 hotte iron: The €mperor Clavdivs reduced all thofe ucm, 
 to their former bondage s who neck Sting the bountie and loue 
 of their hordes 3 ininfianchifngethem: requited them in tlx 
 ende V<>itb ante Vnkindnes. This fouk vice Ingratitude bathe 
 bin common in all ages 3 andyet fo odious to the vertuom and 
 
 if i besl 
 
THE EPISTLE 
 
 best dfyofed, that thej kaue lefte bebmde innumerable exam- 
 ples to the like ejfecJe,fortbe rooting out thereof from all j octe- 
 ttes. If the former ages tyhokneVpe net theliuinge G o D, nor 
 his holie fwde, hauebin fo careful! herein :■ Then ought tyee^ 
 mmhemore, ^hoknotoe not onite ho^e odious it is , to man: 
 but boVpe hateful! it is , cbeeflieintbefigkteof God. For toe 
 mate fee in the hoik fcripture,h&toe often the children of Ifrael 
 
 *7°8cc*' 15 ,I * > ^ earc plagued for their ^vnthankefulnes. and htitoe the hor- 
 de often complaineth thercf, faytnge by the Prophet Ifay, 
 
 ifaie cap. f . \ nauc nourished and exalted them and yet they difpi- 
 fed mee, the oxe knoweth his rnaifter, and theafTenis 
 cribbe , but Ifrael knoweth not mee &c. eAlfo by the 
 
 icrem. cap. s. Prophet Ieremie, The Storke, the Turtle, and the fwaU 
 lowe^ doe obferue dieir time : but my people doe not 
 kno we the iudgement of the Lorde. In the neVpe Testa- 
 ment alfiy Vohen Chr 'tslc had clenfed the ten lepers , and but 
 
 Lnccap. 1 7. one of themgaue thankes, our fattiourfatd, Are not ten den- 
 
 Mich. 6. fed ? where bee the other nine? &c. Tty Vtbkhe and ma- 
 M l} ' nie other like places, it u manifest, h&toe ingratitude id vde ba- 
 the m thejtghte of God and man. Wherefore to cleare my 
 felfe of the fufpKion of my guilt herein , s tohtcheyour honor 
 maye iufilie conceiue againfl mee , in deferring fo longe before I 
 prefent feme testimonie of my bounden autie to your good 
 Lor df bipj (hauingfo ofte, and folargelie tafted of your honou- 
 rable bountie ana fauor.) I haue therefore framed that fimll 
 talent J haue, topkade my caufe in this behalfe toy our ho- 
 nour: ^Mofi humbliebejeeching the fame , to pardon the ^>an-. 
 tes^here^ith this my fimple trauatle is bkmifflxd , through 
 my lacke of leafure, andlearninge. The fir ft, denieth met o 
 per fe Siett y asfpurpofed: The other, to poltfheitasit ought, 
 that fhoulde bee presented to fo noble aperfonage. Vvhofe Ixroi- 
 callyertues fo maniegraue, and learned men haue etermfedto 
 
 allpofie- 
 
DEDICATORlE- 
 fill foflerities. Tor leamngcyour natmc cmntne^ VeUr&fo ma- 
 me godlte and nyertuom are countenanced 1 So manic teamed 
 aduaunced ^ and fo mame ftudwus incoraged by your honour. 
 yUhat other countrie in ClmsTendome 3 but kjidtoeth that your 
 lordfbip is a Noble ^and mofte fiithfull counjellorto her excel- 
 lent <?Ma tie 3 a zjloiis fhuorer of the Gofbell^ and of the godlie 
 Treacher s thereof a leuinge patron of learriwge, and&boun- 
 tif ull 3Meccenas>to all tbeprofejjors of \*orthie artes } and 
 fciences : thereof my felfe is a Vpitnes 3 Vebo haue often 
 harde the fame in other countries , to your euerlasTinge 
 memorie. 
 
 Learninge ^ootdde be fooneput to filence 3 without the aide 
 and fupporte of fuck noble Peeres as your Lor df hip : ^hich 
 foasfoellconfidered by the Smperors, and Princes mame hun- 
 drethyeares fvnee : thereof zArtaxerxes the Kinge of Terfta 
 hath leftebehmde him this example 3 tyho Wat to a ruler of 
 one of his dominions to this ejfetle. Kinge of Kinges great 
 Artaxerxes to Hifcanus gouernorofHellefpontegree- 
 ting. The fame of Hippocrates a Phifition is come 
 vnto mee , tlicrfore fee thou geue him as muche goulde 
 as he deiiretrr, and all other thinges he wanteth 3 and 
 fend him to me. He fhalbee equall with anie Perfian 
 in honor, and if there beanie other famous man in 
 Europe , fpare no money to make him a frend to my 
 courte. AlfoPhiUip of Macedonia fumredAriHotk^comitting 
 his onlie fonne ^Alexander the great to his tutorfbip 3 reioyfing Aul> GcII lib 9t 
 that he had a fonne borne in fuche a time 3 as he mighte haue ca P- J- 
 fuch a famous Thilofopher to be his insTruBor. The ' fame mha. <k vav 
 Alexander fo 'honored the poet TindarMjhat at the deBm- HllUlt - l 5- C3 -7i 
 K &ion of Thebes he gauechardge that the fimilie andkinred of 
 Pindarm fhoulde bee feared. Hee loued fo learmnge that he J}™^}"' 111 
 yfed to laie the f Hades of Homer (yekich he learned of Anftotle) 
 
 * 5 With 
 
THE EPISTLE 
 
 with his dagger Vnder his beddes head. zAlfi honing learned 
 certaine private imiruffiwns of his faidScootemais~ter y after ha- 
 mng ktiowkdge that Aristotle had published the fame to others, 
 hee Was highly offended: andakhoughe hee Weare buped in the 
 great Warns againft Darim y yet in themiddeB of thofeWaigh~ 
 tie affaires 2 hee Wrat 'pnto aAriflotle^laminge him for partici- 
 pating to others, that which hee defired to haue proper to him 
 felfe. Saymge> Fie we can! excell others^ in any thinges 
 I haue learned of thee: if thou make the fame common 
 to all , for I had rather goe before them in learning, 
 then in power and aboundance. GeUius fetteth doWne 
 Aui. Gcii.iib.io. the Epi&le of the King to aAnBotle y with the aunfweare there- 
 cap ' 4 * unto, being Worthie to bee imprinted in the mmdes of the bo- 
 
 norabkythat they might beeforeuer remembred. Scipio Afiica- 
 nus vfed the ^Toet Emius as his companion in his greate af- 
 faires , and to fheWe hu grief e for the lojfe offiich a one , caufed 
 30. Ubj 7 ' th* image of innius to bee laide with him in his aWne tombe. 
 idem, ibid. Augustus countenanced VirgiU^and fo iouedhim: that after his 
 death , hee carefuUk prefiri4ed his Workes from the fire to the 
 Horauus. which they Weare a£udged\ Meccenas monk Waies fbeWed 
 his noble mnck unto 'Horace > and 'TlutarcheWas in highe 
 JL°&eiuib. f ^ estimation With the. EmperorTraun. Tea famous ciities, and 
 ciceiQvi t eomonWeakhes haue imbraced the learned', Smyrna and fixe 
 pro Archia. other citties fo (omd Homer, that after his- deathe , there greWe 
 greafcmtrouerfie amongst them, Wbklrtfthem fhmdd nghtlie 
 cLdmehtm to bee theirs, ^Athens honored a Imgfrtime^Demo* 
 fihenes: %ome reioyfedfor Tu&e. And of later times Florence 
 SabcMctw. boasted of Vetrarke, and c R<ptendam ofSrafmus. With manye 
 other cftties that dtd the like to (Luers famous men. Andtheife 
 <&ame to requite their honorable regardes, made them famous 
 throughe their Worthk Workes to aS ages ^ that deathe to the 
 w>bicb their bodies by nature Wewefubiecl^ coulde not extwcle 
 
 nor burie 
 
D E D J . C A T O R I E. 
 nor bum their memories : but that the fame remdne fo longe 
 as the frorlde flail indure* And to Jleake offome eft hem, An- 
 Jlotk^greatlie honoredThiUip^and fras nolejfecarefullfor the 
 education of Alexander. For frhen hee came to bee kinge^ befi-* 
 ctes the houlfome preceptes hee prefcribedvnto him of regiment ^ 
 yet hauinge knowledge of his earneB defire, to vnderBandtbe 
 natures and qualities of all creatures 3 compyied dmoBefiftie. 
 bookes 3 intreatmgeofthefame: having by the commaundement 
 of (Alexander out of Greece and all <tAfia mmie thofrfandcs 
 of Hunters^ Faulkeners y Fofrlers > Fifhers , Hear dmen, and AuU5di.iib.ij, 
 fuche as \epte bees 3 birdes , or ante other Uumge thmge : to ca P-?T 
 helpe and aide bim, frith theire knowledge and experiences , in 
 fe arc hinge the fecrettes 3 natures and qualities of all creatures. 
 Unmu* bemge mindful! of the noble inclination of Sapio 3 did PetrusCnnitus 
 highlit extoll his frorthie aUes> regiSiring them in hu learned de P 9e " sLatllUf 
 cromclesto all posterities: Uirgillto fbefre him felfe thankefull 
 to ^Augustus: fj?ent manieyeares about his famous frorke of 
 Mneiads > to deriue the race of the Emperor from Apneas \and rdein - 
 the noble Troians. Horace amongit his rare learnedfrorkes Macrobius. 
 fluffed fuUof frifo and gram preceptes, oftentimes enterlaceth 
 the fame frith the birthe the bounttethekarninge^and the. noble 
 qualities of Meceenas, ft) hathe made him for euer famous 
 renofrmed. Vlutarche be fides hispnuate boohes he Watte to " 
 Traidn^ of counfeU and gouernement : Hee framed that exceU Smdk$. 
 ient frorke of Hues , and comparifons betfrem the Romanes 
 ami the Grecians : giuing due commendation affrell to the 
 wanes, as to his ofrne countrimen. By frhich free maie gather y 
 that learning grounded vppon njertue hath bin alfraife enemit 
 to ingratitude 3 and cannot lie hid^ but is euermore frorkmge y 
 & befrrayeth it fife as the fmoke behrayeth the fire 3 And if 
 anie thmge happen frorthie memorie : by the benefit of the 
 learned it is imparted \by their irauailes to future time, if there 
 
 cbawice 
 
Cornel. Nepos. 
 
 Perr, Crinit. 
 
 Plutarchus. 
 
 Suetonius. 
 Fetr, Crinit* 
 
 THE. EPISTLE 
 
 chaunce not hinge in theire age famous 3 yet they fet them felues 
 a Works in hanalmge fuche accidentes 3 as haue Undone in times 
 paste . T^ares T?hrigius beinge a foWldior at the battaile of 
 Troye 3 made a Urge difcourfe thereof \ yet like one too much of 
 feclioned 3 can farce finde anende of thepraifes ofHeSfor. 
 Homer finding [mall matter in his time to handle , attempted 
 the fame argument 3 being lothe that his countrymen fhoulde 
 lacke their due commendation 3 and therefore almost as farre on 
 the other fide 3 extolleth the Valour 3 andhigheproWes 3 of Achil- 
 les: and the counfaile^ and pol!icie\ of Vlijfes, Lucanfeingno- 
 thing honorable in J{ero to intreate of fled to former times for 
 matter 3 where he found to fet his Worthie mufe a Worke 3 and 
 Wratte mverfe (equall with the haughtmes of the argument) 
 the battaile s andbloodie conflicts 3 betWene (efar 3 andl?ompey, 
 Seneca difpairinge of the nature and inclination of his vnto- 
 Warde fcholler the fame V^ero: Wratte lament abkTragedies 3 ft) 
 bookes of great grauitie and wifedome. Moreouer learninge 
 hath that fecret Workinge that tyrauntes haue bin mittigated 
 therewith, and haue diffembled their affections for. the time, 
 Dhny lifts the elder defiredto he are Vlato 3 andwas contented a 
 while to lift en vnto him 3 after whome his fonne 3 hauing bo the 
 his name and nature 3 didfeeme ontWardRe to loue andreuerence 
 TlatOy andfente him great guiftes to Athens 3 andmuited him 
 to his courte. Nero for a time embracedhucanand Seneca 3 al- 
 thoughe naturallie he Was wickedlie inclined : but hee foone did 
 degenerate from their difcipline 3 for there can bee no league be- 
 tweene vertue and vice 3 nor perfe tie vnion of tyeere contraries: 
 And although time reuealed the bloodie mindes 3 of thefe cruell 
 tir antes toWardes thofe famous men 3 yet Wee can not finde the 
 like outrage 3 and crueltiedone vnto the learned 3 by thofe that 
 are honorable vertuous and noble minded: but by fuche as bee 
 of cruell vile and baft natures ^ Who an abodes enemies to 
 
 yertitc. 
 
DEDICATOR IE. 
 yertue, and hue none 3 nor hk$ ame, but fetch as Ate of their 
 d&ne yglie ftampe. For it is a rule that fhiteth not. that thofe 
 that are moBe honourable, are moB ^er turns' btcaufe honour 
 alwaiesfollo^eth njertue, as the fhaddoWe doth the bodie: and 
 it is as Vnpojjible that a bodie Jbouide be without a fbaddoWe in 
 the fonne, as the right honourable in this life Jbouide be uoyde 
 of vertue* Thus it is mawfeB ho^e learninge hath bin embra- 
 ced, and had in highe eBtmation , by great Princes and noble 
 Teeres, and that borthelieiTticaufe by the benefit t hereof \The 
 aBes of mightie Monarches ft) great Princes, and the matters 
 andthinges of former time toortbie memorie^done by f age Go- 
 vernors , and Valiant Captaines. The manners and Ld&es of 
 fir amgc nations, cuBomesof oulde time. The mutabiUitie of 
 Worldly fekeitk, and befog the Wife haue behauedthemfelues in 
 bothe fortunes :ham bin prefented vnto them as m aglaffejor 
 their inBruffiion , from which they might draWe Vnder Ban- 
 ding and good counfaik, to inBruB andgoueme them felues in 
 all their aBions : and finde approoued examples for the whole 
 courfe of their life , eyther to bee imitated, or efcheWed. Of 
 Which finguler benefit, bee likewife are pertakers: For hereby, 
 this prejmt time behouhkth the acciaentes of former times y 
 as if they had bin done but ye fkr date, and 'Wee rnaye behotd- 
 de the natures, & quaUities^af our ^teat grandfathers grand- 
 fathers, as if they yet liued before our etes. And as former ti- 
 me, and pre fent time , haue reaped thereby , this ineBimabk 
 $uell. So likeWife, future rime fo long as the fyerlde fiallwdu- 
 refball taste of this bkffingi For our fucceffion, (ball fee what M 
 hauefeene, and behomde hereby what famous thmges Weare 
 enter pr fed and done in our dates 5 as if they Weare euen noWe 
 fiandmg at our dboWes. Tei howe greatue learning hath bin 
 impeached fence the fink florifhe thereof, when in ftead of fetch 
 loumg and bountiful! princes and patrons, the Worlde broughic 
 
 forthe^ 
 
THE EPISTLE 
 saps. Egnaum ie forthe % Lkmim ' %>ho tearmed karrnw a poyfonand plague of 
 
 Romaois principi- J . . , j , . Q * ~/\ X O J 
 
 bus lib i. & pom- the common ^eaitm. Arm uakntmtanm ms partner m thai 
 
 pon.Licrus in Rom, * , , ... <-s v~ » . . * 
 
 Hiftor. com 
 
 th*Totn *£ l t Nero.Dwckuan^ith Mdchomet.rBdtazjt s andfucllike 
 fct m%i"£- monfterscf nature 3 being crueU perfecutors^ enemies of all hu- 
 «nfo, h FrS^toa. tnanitie, mtd diBvoyers ofalldifcipkne: whodffufing Godmd 
 SS'Muurffln allgoodnesjid degenerate fi farre from their f or father s y that 
 fb.t^Ah* G &' theydebgbm^hoBe-to fyill the blood of theVtorthte men 3 to 
 jSoT.Tclibotuc. burne the famous libraries , and to rafe and ouertbrcfoe the 
 S^onfoipw' 8 r vmuerfittes 9 and fchooles , 0/ a# andfckncesi as m the 
 StSlto'cle- tragical! Histories of firmer times ts recorded, and eon not bee 
 S J ?Germ^'f& &*f ^gratf griefe remembred. *And dthoughe learning 
 Saea^sySde bm greatEe deeded f w thefe later times, Tet Voee mull 
 jnftrudift. Bud* ^hankfs m* 0 therefore ) confejje, That it hath plea- 
 
 limannum inc*nfa fed him dfaoaies 9 to raifi vp fime loners and famrers therof 
 l h^^htZ\ & Veho haue tendered and embraced the fame 3 and for the pre- 
 M^om^m'iT fertdnge it to their posterities Jhaue lefte behinde fingidermonu- 
 t*lTi&mclxia. mtnts of their care 3 fij idousmindes in this bebatfe:As Char- 
 Ba P t iput. it ^ S thzgrt&J&ttg 1 <f Fraunce&ho ere tied t%o yntuerptiesjhe 
 Rom. pnncipfciK me di ^artSythe other at Faitia, placing therein many famous 
 men : and Sigifmundus Emperor, )toho highbe extolled the lear- 
 ia»n m ned > and blamed the Princes of Germanic 3 for their fmall re- 
 garde vnto them: AndynderSlanding by fomme x that dthou- 
 ghe he cherifhed the learned^yet it "too* faiedthey ^ere but pore 
 and bafe perfbns, atmftoered: 1 loue them toho excel! others 
 for yertm 3 andleaminge , out of the 'which I meafure ndbiHtie, 
 oAlfo VerSnandiu gaueyearelie out of his treafurie^greatfom- 
 mes of money to the readers of dimnitiefPhifcke^thorick^y 
 and Thilofophie , to the great incouraginge ofthofe that Ware 
 »Sr !deUbe " inclined to goodfudies : LikeVeife sAlphonfus King qfVtg- 
 pks^ho yjed to faye, he hadneuer greater pleafure^ thenVvhen 
 he fyas in the compante of thefe that We art fngukr for krtow- 
 
 ledge 
 
aterranus in 
 
 DEDICATOR! E. 
 
 ledge y and learninge: Laurentius Valla (g? Panormtmm^ with 
 diuers other tailed of his goodnes, and found him d rare ex- 
 ample for princes, for his continual de fire to advance learninge. 
 I mighte heere bkeWife fringe m diuers other not inferior to 
 them for their lorn to the learned: nAs Fredericks Duke of 
 Saxon ^"Prince elector , and the horde Urnestus his brother 3 
 who ere Sled the vniuerfitie of Wittenberge, and the fad Du- 
 ke noblw countinaunced and defended <cMartin Luther, against 
 the furie of Tope Leo the tenthe and all other his admrfaries. 
 nAlfo Laurentius Medices Duke of Florence honoured "Ticus Cnnitus lib. 1 5 
 Mirandula, and Hermolaus IBarbarm : and TSorfus Duke of " 
 Berrardy reioyfedin Titus Strozjjt. With many other Trinces, Geo S 
 Who for their noble inclinations in this behalfe 3 amongB thefe 
 mighte iustly ham their places. 
 
 B y T remembring 1 Write to your good Lordj hip. f will 
 therefore abridge of purpofe, that which might bee more larglie 
 amplified, kpoWing there needeth no eApologie to bee made vn- 
 toyour honour 3 in the behalfe of learning : Whofe noble minde 
 hath bin fo addicted to the fame thefe many yearesj hat diuers y 
 Who are noWe famous men 3 had bin throughe pouertie > longe 
 fince difcouraged from their fl tidies : if they had not faunae 
 your honour Jo prone to bee their patron. But I confejjc, fhaue 
 thus largelie Written therof to thisendeJThat fame other happe 
 to looke herevppon } in knowingeyour zjale ftj honourable, can 
 of thofe that louegood letters : They might alfo kpoWe thereby \ 3 
 that you haue poffejfion of that groundeftomwhich true nobdi- 
 tie florifheth: oAnd likeWife that you folloWe the good examples 
 of manic Vrinces s and great perfonages 9 who are renoWmed the- 
 refore > beyond anie other their defirtes. dndhkeWife^ if ante be 
 couldejn comtinancinge the learned } (as there are tootoo manie 3 
 Whofe frendfhip is (as J may faie) frozjn, and flarke toWarde 
 them.) This mighte 4, little thaWe and mollifie them: and ferue 
 
 ^-^¥■2. as 4 
 
THE EPISTLE 
 as a fjpwrt to prkk$ them forWarde $ to follow th fleppes of 
 your good Lordship. There be three thinges greatlk dejired in 
 thudfe^ that is hahh 3 freak he 9 and fame, and fome haue 
 made qxeslion which of thefe is the chiefe : the fic^faieth 
 health, the couetous > comendetb Wealth, and both thefe place 
 good name kBe of ill. But they be bothe partial! iudges • for 
 J?e thai is of fincere andvprighte iudgemem^is ofcontrarie 
 opinion : Bicaufe that heaithe> andweauh, though they bee ne- 
 usr fogoodjtndfo ^ great ^determine with the bodse^andare Jub~ 
 ieUe vnto time . "But honour } fame 3 renoWme; and good re- 
 forte ^ doe triumph ouer death, and make men hue for euer: 
 Whre otherWtfe the greateB^PrmcesJn fhorte ttme are Worm 
 out of memorie 3 andcleane forgotten. For 3 what is man in this 
 Woride ? Without fame to leaue behinde him , but like a bubble 
 of Water 3 that now rifeth^ anon is not knoWne where it Was, 
 Which being Welcofidered by your honour y you haue made choi- 
 ce of th be& parte 3 and embraced through vertue , that which 
 Uueth 3 and neuer dteth. Forvertue (as fjord) alwaies goeth 
 before honour 3 tp h giueth aperpetuttieoffe&citie inthis Woride y 
 and in the Woride to come. Cind although 'through th ini- 
 quitie of time (as is declared) fuch excellent horned men 
 as haue bin 3 are not to bee exjhecledin this oulde ageofth 
 Woride 3 Tet as zjlous care 3 andaeWt'fuUaffebTton as euer Was 
 to their hordes and Matrons 3 there is no doubte doth gene- 
 r&Uieflorifhe and it apparante: "whreof your honour hath had 
 try alls by th learned labours of manie famous men. Farre be- 
 hinde s whme > my felfe 3 (although of ill th meanefi)yet beiri- 
 ge pricked forWarde by your good Lordfhipps bountte 3 and in- 
 couraged by your great ckrmnckjnoHe humblie prefente thefe 
 my gatheringes 3 and gleaninges out of other mens harue&es, 
 Vnto your honour: a "Worke both pleafamtte andpithie 3 which 
 J hauegarnif bed with manie hiHories 3 With the proper applica- 
 
DEDICATOR! E- 
 tions andexpojitionsof thofe Emblemes that f foimde obfcu- 
 re : Offering it njp to yaw honour to looks "Vppon at feme 
 horns for your recreation, I hope it firalbee the more delight- 
 full, bicaufe none to my knowledge 9 hat he ajfayed the fame be- 
 fore: ffifir that doers of the muentios are of my oWne fender 
 Workrnanfbip. TSui chiefiie 3 bicaufe Vnder phafawiu deuifes, 
 Are profitable moralles, and no fhaddowes, wide of fub fiance: 
 noranie conceyte , without] erne caufe Wort hie confederation: 
 fir the bounding of wickednes, and extolling of venue, which 
 maie feme s as a mirrouri to the kwde for their amendment. 
 f$ to the godlie^for their hitter goinge forwards in their cow- 
 fe } that leades to euerlaBmge glorie. Heinge abafbed that my 
 habillitie can notaffoorde them fuche , as are fit to beojfred 
 yp to fo honorable afuruaighexyet if it fhaU like your honour to 
 alloWe of tnie of them, I [ball thinks ™y p m f €t t0 the bocke in 
 happie houre < and it fballincourage me > t&affay fome matter 
 of more womente^asjoone as leajure "bill further my defire in 
 that behalfe. 
 
 The almightie God from "tohome aU honour end true 
 nobilhtie doe proceeds 3 $tho luathe manie yearn , mofle U~ 
 uinglie and IweralUe , indued your Lordfbip With the fame # 
 bwffe and proiongeyour daies hereof hat wee maie behoulde the 
 confummatio ofhappie odd age inyour honour: before you fbaU 
 befummonedto the euerlaflmg honour ^which is ablates perma- 
 nent Without mutabtlitie, Amen. At London the XX V i 1 1. 
 of November z vfrno m. r>. lxxxv. 
 
 Your Honours humble & 
 faithful! feruanr 
 
 Geffrey Whitney. 
 *# 5 
 
To the Reader. 
 
 Vhjh 1 had fbimed this my coile&ion of Em~ 
 blemcs (gentic Reader,) and presented the fame 
 in wtitingc vnto my Lordc , prefentlie before his 
 Honour pafled the feas into the fowe countries : I 
 was after , earneftlie required by (omme that per- 
 vCed the fame, to haue it imprinted; whofe reque- 
 ue, when I had Weil eonfidered, akhoughe I did 
 perceiue the charge was verie heauie for mee , (waighinge my owne 
 weakenes) I meane my wante of learninge, and iudgement, to fet forth 
 any thinge vnto the vieweof this age, wherein Co manie wife& learned 
 doe Horifhe,and mu ft haue the-fcanninge thereof. Yet knowinge their 
 fauours to bee fuch Vnto mee,asindewtie I mighte notdenie them any 
 thinge I can: I did rather choofe to vndergoe any burthen, and almofte 
 fainte in forwardnes to (atisfie them, then to ftiewe anie wante of good 
 will, in denyinge their cominuali defires. wherefbre,licence beinge ob- 
 tained for the publifhing thereof, I offer it heare (good Reader) to thy 
 viewe, in the fame forte as I prefented it before, Onelie this excepte: 
 That 1 haue now in diuerfe places,quoted in the margent fome fenteces 
 in Latin & fuch verfes as I thoughtc did befte fit the fcuerall matters I 
 wratteof. And alfo haue written (bra me of the Emblemes,to cectaineof 
 my frendes, to whome either in dutie or frendftiip , 1 am diuers waie$" 
 boande! which bQth weare wantinge in my firfte edition, and nowe ad- 
 ded herevntO, for thefe reafbns infuinge. Firfte I noted the fame in Lat- 
 tin, to helpe and forthcr fome of my acquaintaunce wb'earc this bookc 
 was imprinted, who haiiinge no tafte in the Englifhe tonge, yet weare 
 earneftly addicted to the vnderftandinge hereof: and alfo, wheare I 
 founde any verfe , or (ayinge agreable with the matter, I did gather the 
 fame of purpofe for my owne memotie , nor doubtinge but the fame 
 may bee alfo frutefutt to others. 
 
 For my intimiinge them to fome of my frendes , I hope it fhall not 
 bee mifliked, for that the offices of dewtie and frendfhip are alwaies to 
 bee fauored: and herin as I followe my auetors in Englifhinge their de- 
 uifes, Sol imitate them, in dedicatinge fome, to fuch perfons,asI thin- 
 ke the Emblemes doe beft fitte and pettalne vnto, which order, obfer- < 
 ued Reufnem, luniut, Sambucus } and others : as by their workes are ap~ 
 parante, Confeflinge my fauhe to bee chiefly this, in prefer) tinge to fa-* 
 mous and worthiemen , meane ma* idr , farre to fimple for their defer- 
 Uinges: yettruftange my good will" fhalbe waighed as well a.s the worke, 
 and that a pearle mall not bee looked forin~a poore mans pierce, I fub- 
 mit my doings herein to their cenfures. 
 
 Furthermore, wheare there are diners Emblemes written of one mat- 
 ter, which may bee thoughte fupcrfluous. As againft Pride, Enuie, 
 Goncupifcence , Dmnkcnnes t Couetou&es , Vfurie , and fuch like, 
 
 again/l 
 
TO THE READER. 
 
 againfte ertery one of them laterally, fbndrie dcuiles: thereby the fbndry 
 inuentions of the an&ours may bee decerned , which I haue colle&ed 
 again li thole vices cfpecially,bycaufe they arc growc lb mighrie that one 
 bloewill not beare them downe, but newe headdes fringe vp like Hy 
 dra, that Hercules weare not able to liibdue them. But manie droppes 
 pierce the ftone,& with manie blowes the oke is ouerthiowen, So with 
 manie reprehencions, wickednes is wounded, and linne afhamed and 
 giueth place vnto vertuc. It refteth now to Ihewe breeflie what this wor- 
 de Emblemc fignifieth.and whereof it com nieth, which thoughe it be 
 borrowed of others,& not proper in the Englifhe tonge , yet that which 
 it fignifieth \ Is, and hathebin alwaies in Weamongft vs, which worde 
 being in Grecke i^aWSt;, vel sm/^Sx^ is as muche to laye in Englifhe 
 as To fet i«, or to put in: properlie ment by fuche figures , or workes , as 
 are wroughte in piate , or in ftoncs in the pauementes , or on the waii- 
 les , or fuche iike, for the adorning of the place: hauingefbme wittie 
 deuile exprefled with cunning woorkemanlhip , lomcthinge obfeure 
 tobepercciuedat the fir ft , whereby , when with further confideration 
 it is vnderftood , it maiethe greater dclighte the behoulder. And al- 
 thoughe the worde dothe comprehende manie thinges, and diuers mat- 
 ters maic be therein containedjyet all Emblemcs for the moll parte,maie 
 be reduced into thele three kindes,which is Rifloricall,NaruralI, Be Moral!. 
 EisloricaU, as reprefenting the adtes of fbme noble perlbns, being matter 
 of hiitoric. NaturaS, as in expreffing the tiatures of creatures, for ex- 
 ample, the loue of the yonge Storkcs , to the oulde , or of fuche like. *' tm CkmU 
 MoraU. pertaining to vertuc and inftrucrion of life, which is the chiefc of 
 thethree, and the other two maye bee in fome forte drawen into this 
 head. For, all doe tende vntodifciplinc, and morall preceptes cf lining. 
 I mighte write more at large hereof, and of the difference of Emblem* 
 Symbolum, & t^Enigma, hauinge all (as it weare) fbmeaffinitie one with 
 the other. But bicaufc my meaning is to write as bricfely as I maie, for 
 the aupiding of tedioufhes , I referre them that would further inquire 
 thcrofjto And. Akiatus, Guiliel.Perrmut,AcbHks Bocchius & to diuers others 
 that haue written thereof, wel knowne to the learned. For I purpofe at 
 thbprefent , to write onelieof this worde Embleme : Bicaufe it chiefs 
 lie doth pertaine vnto the matter I haue in hande, whereof I hope this 
 muche,fha)l giue them fbme taftethat weare ignorauntof the fame. 
 
 Laftlie if anie deuife herein (hall delight thee, and if fbme other fhafl 
 not pleafethee, yetinrefpe& of that which domhke thee, parte ouer 
 the fame fauourably to others , with whome perhappes it maie be mo- 
 re agrcable : For what one liketh,an other oftentimes doth not rcgarde: 
 andwhat fbme dothe Iothe, fome other doth chieflieefteeme: whereof 
 came the Prouerbe, So monk-men, fo manie mindes. "But, what? Shoulde 
 I thinke that my fimpletrauaile herein mould fcapc fcor-free from the 
 tonges of the enuious , who arc alwaies readie with a preiudicate opi- 
 nion 
 
TO THE READER. 
 
 nion to condcmpne, before they vnderftande the caufe. No ) thouglte 
 the verfe weare (as I maye fayc) written by the pen ofAptllo him (cffc? 
 For in the former times s when the whole worlde was almoftc ouerina- 
 dowed with the mantle of ignoraunce, If then,the learned and excellent 
 
 Hurt'mlU. worke of Horner^ could not fhieide him from the ftinge of Zoiitu. If 
 Mxscut VarrOyWas taunted by Remritut Palemon, If Cicero lud-fixe boo.kes 
 
 Ttxter in o$cm. written againfte hjm, by Didymus Alexandrmus. And ifvergill weare en- 
 vied by Carhilsus, who wrat a booke de Virgilianis ermibut, which he inti- 
 
 Petrm Crinttt&s txAe&i&ne'tdonia&ix. and diuers others whole workes weare moft fin- 
 
 depoetisUtinis* gulcr > if they coulde not efcape the bites of fuch Bafiliskes broode: 
 Then howe maye I thinke , in this time which is fo bletfed, generallie 
 with moft rare and exquifite perfection in all knowledge, and judge- 
 ment : that this flender aflaye of my barren mufe, mould palle the pi- 
 kes Without piifihing at: where thoufandes arc fo quickc lighted , they 
 will at the firft,behoulde the lcaft iotc, or tittlc,that is not rightly placed. 
 And althoughe,perJiafipes it maie bee embraced a while/or the newnes 
 thereof, yet Ihosdie it malbee caft aiide as thinges that are vnfoueric &c 
 not eftccmed. For the nature of man is alwaics delighted in nouelties, & 
 coo much corrupte with curioufnes and newfanglenes. The faireft gar- 
 den , wherein is greate varietie bothe of goodlic coulors , and iwecte 
 fmeUes, can not like all mennes fancies : but feme gallant coulours are 
 mifliked, and lome plealant fmclles not regarded. No cookc,can fitte 
 all mennes taftes, nor anie orator, plea(c all mennes humors: but whearc 
 the tafters are too daintie, his cookerie fhalbe controlled: and wheare 
 the auditors are to fauSe and careles in regarding, his Rethoricke fhalbe 
 condempned: and no worke fo abfolute perfeele, but Come are refolure 
 to reprenende. Yet truftmgc the learned , and thole that are of good 
 iudgemcnte (whome I doechiefelie defire to bee the perufers hereof) 
 with indiSerenrie will reade , and then fauorablie yeelde their ver- 
 di&e. I offer this my w©tke, fuche as it is,vnto them; wherein I hope 
 the greater forte Hull finde fomethinge to delighte them, an<l veric fewc 
 of what age, or condition they bee,but may hcrin f< e forac dcuifc, aunfc 
 werable to their inclinations j truftihg they wil Co frendly accept thereof, 
 That J fliaibe rather incouraged there6y,toaflay Came further matter, as 
 lboneasl maHhaueleafure:^ then throughe jheir finifter interpreting of 
 my good wiH,to difcorage mcefrpm the fame,and to wiftie I had not yet 
 communicated this,vnto alhwhich I might haue kepte priuate to a fewe. 
 Yet hereby 1 haue fatisfied my frendes requeftes,and haue in fomc parte 
 dilchargedmy dutie vntothe«K Therforc i£ they fiialbce well pleated 
 with'my paines , I (hall tbelcfle care for anie others cauillinge. Thus 
 wimingthce the fruition of thy good defircs, I lcaue thee vnto theTamc, 
 Atleydcn in Hollande^he ii i 1. of Maye. m. i>*;MK x x v i. 
 
 G. Whitntf* 
 
IN G ALFRIDI WHITNEI 
 
 EMB LEMATA. 
 
 ILleccbru fcripti genm omne Embiemata vincunt t 
 Vtile vhi dulci mi feu ft E vp hrosy ne. 
 Hoc pnft&nt v Art is diJiincfa x^dfaroU figurts y 
 tjffrtd ttnert oculos.y in Br 0 ere apt a animttm. 
 S am b v c v s teBts , ttBis mihi\ vNivjjd* qui 
 
 Omne tuiit fmBum hoc in gen ere Alcia t vs. 
 Scd fcripti quantum genu* omne Emblemaxa pr&flant 
 
 lBecebrk , docJa vermiculata manu ; 
 Tdntam operu » Wh itN/EE, tut ioncedit homri 9 
 J%fM»tut»tft Sambvc vs,.Ivnivs, Alc iatvs. 
 
 Ianvs Dovua Noorcwijck. 
 
 IN G ALFRIDI WHITNEI IMBLfMATA, 
 
 J* A G * I IL1IVS OLIM A tt 6 L ? J£ P-O tT At 
 
 Gaif&idi Chavceri, cognommk. 
 
 V« a duoy gerrait Gaifribos A n g l 1 a , Vates 
 Nomine, Phoeb^o -nomine, & arte pares. 
 Vnum , Fama fuae patria; indigitauit Homervm, 
 
 Anghcus hie merita dicitur Hesiodvs. 
 Ac vekiri dubits quondam vi&ork pennis 
 
 Inter MitONiDEw H b s i o d v Mque fteftfts 
 Sic , quibus exultai mod 6 iatta Britannia alumnis, 
 
 Galfridos palma eft inter, in ambiguo. 
 C h a v c e ri verunt dudum aorca fcripta Britanni: 
 
 Aurea W hi t n & v s fed fua prefiu adhuc, 
 Nunc vcro , aufpiciis Leycestri, E m b l e m a t a< lucom 
 
 Afpiciunt dant accipiuntque decus. 
 Qualis gemma micat fuluo redimita metallo 
 
 Indica , ab artificis vermiculata manu. 
 Perge tnx Whitm by tttulos fiipcraddeie fatnac, 
 Tolioas aftra fuper te patriamquc tuam. 
 
 BonavemtvraVvlca- 
 •wivs Bragenfis. 
 
 *** IN 
 
IN E MBLEMAT A GALFRIDI 
 WHIT N E I. 
 
 f \ v A ! iter mjinuant octdisfe Embkmatanoftris > 
 
 x jjjjua yam augufia yermkdata domo 9 
 Artificique mUnt opere exornata } modb i'ua^ 
 
 Hoc modo ftrmta mens dum fiupet effigte: 
 Sic in awn GALFRIDE tuo hoc exprejja Ubello 
 
 Symbol* mm yams tdis imagmibus $ 
 tKos legijje beat yeterum ditfa &mula diclis> 
 
 Qi minibus Varie yermkdata ttris, 
 St modo prijcorum Herokm immortalia fiicla, 
 
 Virtatesqw ammo commeminijfe iuuat. 
 jntrepidas efam Curtl animus > & Horatia corda, 
 
 Et iib '% Fabricij cognita HPyrrhe, fides . 
 Bum fortes Decij > funij s (urij, at que Metelh> 
 
 St Cmffiatom mens benefuada Tabl } 
 Ac dum Scipiada belli dm fulmina 3 qmfque 
 
 Eft alios baud mens enumerate potts 
 jfnnumeros ^ per teyirtutum hie clara fuartim 
 
 Opponmt noftm lumina lummibus. 
 Qmd! quodprmpKum > baxmeritb Leycestrivs h$ros 
 
 Vinmcat auffkm edita fcripta juts. 
 Vt qui hiccun&a fmtd laudato. Her oka dona 
 
 fTojfidet , in magnis finguU principibus 
 JW miramur. At olim et'iam admirabvtur at as 
 
 ToBuma^ Dvblaei illustm fkffia duets, 
 it pmul agnofiet felici burn altte kbrum 
 
 Glim per dotlorum era yolare hominum. 
 Augur or. Urn etiam quondam tdn fiimaparatur^ 
 
 Jgu* Whytnaee mm uquoquefojfe mgeu 
 
 Pktuvs Coxvivs Brugeniis. 
 
 In Gai« 
 
IN GALFRIDI WHITNE1 
 
 EMBLEM ATA, ST E P HA N I 
 UMBERTI ANGLI N O R- 
 DOVICENSIS 
 
 Scbok ^MagiHrl Decdtichon. 
 
 17 irtvtis formam fplendentiaque ora tueri, 
 
 * Si Deus hie nobis 3 telle Platone^ daret: 
 Quantos pectoribus noftris accenderet ignes 
 
 Cuius vel Phoebo pulchrius ora nitent ? 
 Non Veneris , Triuias nec certet forma Diana?, 
 
 Nifos hare omnes vincic 5c Euryalos. 
 Huius at effigiem Whitnaei Emblemata pingunc, 
 
 Zeuxide , vel dodo dignus Apelle, labor. • 
 Confulet ergo boni multum Ipe&abilis Heros 
 
 Et capiet facili talia dona manu. 
 
 ART H V R BOVRGHIER 
 
 TO THE READER. 
 
 Per? eot ion needes no other foyks,fucbe belpes c^mme out of place: 
 For where it felfe, can grace it felfe, there needes no other grace. 
 Why fbouldl then myfruitekspraife ohWhitneys Worh hetf&w* 
 Where Wifdome, learninge, and deuife > fa perfectly doe fiovoc . 
 Tet gentle Reader by thy leans, thus tnuche I mente to Wrigim, 
 As one that honours theft bisgiftes, butfeekes them not fin&gbte, 
 Ho longe dtfcomfe, no tedioHS'tale , I purpofde am to tell : 
 Lett thoirfbouldU faye, Where is the Hutte,you feede me With the fhell* 
 Goeforwarde then in happie time , and thou fbalt fttrefy finde, 
 With cofte, and labour WeUfet out, a banquet for thy minde. 
 J ftorehoufe fcr thy Wife conceiptes, a WhetHonsfortby Witte: 
 Where, eache man maye With daintie choice his fancies finely 'fine. 
 G'tue Whitney then thy goodfeport ,fmce bee deferues the fame: 
 left that the Wife that fee, thee coye jtbyfolke ittflly blame. 
 
D. O. M, 
 
 Since man itfrtrilt , mi &lLhu thoughtes 
 ms jmm, 
 
 And of him felfche cm m goodtment* 
 Then merit one > before they ought t begmnc, 
 Shottldcatlon G o D y Jrom whome all grace isfenti 
 So, I hefeeehe , that he tbcfkmc mllfendcLJ* 
 That,tohispraife f mm heginrn 5 and ende* 
 
 FauU««ftif>t«Jin ti>* Pricing , ffottU meft wut»aIieaJy«irre^eJj| 
 jet in maajc 1 canes ouctya&d as^Uowcth.' * 
 
 77 
 1 30 
 
 i 
 
 4 
 
 J* 
 
 l 
 
 > utnurgpoe 
 ]« in margis« 
 * inmaig. 
 
 fault*. 
 
 the tenae 
 fat&c, ton 
 waxchaoas 
 &pkntcn> 
 
 Hftm to thcii 
 the man 
 Jake.it 
 
 fapicntum 
 Chiliad. U 
 Jibro de 
 Efai* 40 
 with 
 
AM i g ht ie Spy-re , whofe toppedothe pierce the fkie, 
 An iuic greene imbraceth rotinde about, 
 And while it ftandes , the fame doth bloome on highe, 
 But when it fhrinkes, the iuie flandes in dowt: 
 The Filler great , our gratious Priaees is: 
 Thebraunciieithe Churche: whoe fpeakes vnto hirthis. 
 
 I, that of late with ftormes was almofte fpent, 
 
 And brufed fore with Tirants bluddie bloes, 
 
 "Whome fire, and foorde, with perfeeution rent, 
 
 Am nowe fett free > and ouerlooke my foes, 
 
 And whiles thow raigrtft, oh moft renowmed Qtieene 
 By thief Jpporte rny blofforiie fiiall bee greene. 
 
 A gut 
 
*"TP k e trauaylingc man, vncertaine where to goe, 
 **- When diuers wayes before. his face did lie, 
 Mercurius then , the perfect pathe did fliowe, 
 Which when he tooke , hee neuer weni awrie, 
 But to his wifhe,his ibrneys ende did gaine 
 In happie howte > by his direction plame. 
 
 This trauailinge man : doth tell our wandringe flattf. 
 
 Before whole face , and eeke on euerye fide, 
 
 Bypathes , and wayes , appeafe amidd our gare, 
 
 That if the Lorde bee not our onlie guide: 
 We jfiumbls , fall, and datlic goe afrravc, 
 Then happie thole, whorae God doch fi icw the waye. 
 
CvcHf prouidence hathe nature fccretwroughce 
 ^ In creatures wilde, and eekc fuch knowledge ltraange> 
 That man, by them in fomme thingcs maie be taughte, 
 A i Ibme foretell, when weather faire will chaunge, 
 Ofheate, ofraine, of winde, and tempefts rage, 
 Some fhowe by ilgnes, and with their fongs prefage. 
 
 But leaning theife, which almoft all doe knowe, 
 The Crocodile, bywliome th'^gyptianswatche, 
 How e farre that yeare fhall mighne N ilus flowe , 
 For theire meelikesto laie her egges, and hatche, 
 
 Suche fkill deujne, and fcience to foretell. 
 
 Hath Natufelente vnto this Serpent fell. 
 
 Which fiiowes, They dould with due regarde foie(ee > 
 
 When anie one doth take in hande a caufe, 
 
 The drifte,and endc, of that they doe dectee, 
 
 And longe thereon to ponder , and to paufe, 
 For after witts, are like a (hower of rayne 
 Which moiftes the fbile, wiiea withered is the gramc. 
 
 A i Veritas 
 
 K'ic. Reufnlem»: 
 i}w> facer txcmrtt Niltu in anta 
 Prxfimi: atiuuu til/era pomx 
 Oua: ma n em meritonosCrocodilut 
 Qua fiua tmmutt&nt, ante vutm. 
 
4 
 
 Vmtm imports filU< 
 
 Three furies fell, which curiae the worlde to rathe, 
 Both Enuie, Strife, and Slaunder, heare appeare, 
 In dungeon darke they longe mclofed truthe, 
 But Time at kngthe , didloole his daughter deate, 
 And fetts aloftc , that (acred ladie brighte, 
 Whoe tilings longe hidd, reuealcs, and brfnges to lighte. 
 
 Thoughe ftriife make fier, thoughe Enuieeate hir harte, 
 The innocent though Slaunder rente , andipoile: 
 Yet Time will comme, and take thisladies parte, 
 Andbreake her bandes> and bring her foes to toife- 
 Di (paire not then , thoughe truthe be hidden ofte, 
 Bycaufe at lengthe, fhce ihaH i>ee fett alofte. 
 
 DiftMa 
 
Dijfidia inter armies 3 pejjlma. 
 
 Th e SwallbwefwiftCjdothebeaTCvntohertfcfte 
 The Grafshopr*r,thatdidnodaunger feare, sm^IT: ^ 
 For that fhee thought , they loude togeather befte, , r 
 itycaule they both , obicradc one time or yeare, *u* a U o» ? f 
 
 Andbothe, did ioye theire iarringe notes to founde, 
 And neare the homethey bothe, theire dwellings founde. 
 
 Yet time, and tune, and neighbourhood forgotcc, 
 For perfect frende, a tyrant {hee beeame, 
 "Which taxcth thofe , whome God dothe heare allotte 
 Like gifts of grace , to xvtrihe a Lifting name, 
 Yet Enuie (be theire vermes doth deface, 
 It makes them foes, to them theiefhould imbrace. 
 
 formica grata eH formica , Cicada cicada 
 Et doclu dottut gaudet Apollo cboru. 
 
 A 3 
 
 Nic.&e.uSftiPJ! 
 
 Temeritas 
 
6 
 
 Temeritar* 
 
 The waggoner, behoulde, is hedionge throwen* 
 And all in vaine doth take die raine in hande, 
 If he be dwrawen by hories fierce vnknowen, 
 Whofe ftomacks frowte, no taming vnderftande, 
 
 They praunce, andyerfce,anaoutof order flinge. 
 Till all thcy»breaJcej and. vnto hauocke bringe. 
 
 That man , whoc hack affections fbwlc vntarride, 
 Andforwarde runnesnegle&ingreafbns race* 
 Deferues by right* of all men to bee blarride, 
 And headlonge falles at lengthe to his deface, 
 
 Then bridle will , and reafon make thy guide, 
 So ma*fte sliow ftande, when others doune doe fhde. 
 
7 
 
 Intettin* pmulutes. 
 
 VJCTh e n ciuill fworde is drawen out of the meathe, 
 * * Andbluddiebroiles, at home arc Set a broache, 
 Then furious Mars with (wordedoth rage beneathe, 
 And to the Toppe, deuowring flames incroache, 
 
 None helpes to quenche, but rather blowes the flame, 
 And oile docadde , and powder to the fame. 
 
 Tnteftine flrife, is fearefuil mode of all, 
 This, makes the Sonne, to cut his fathers throate, 
 This , parteth frendes, this, brothers makes to bralle, 
 This, robbesthe-good , and fetts the thecues a floate, 
 This, Rome did feele, this, Germanic did taftey 
 And often times, this noble Lande did walk. 
 
J^m tibi _j fed H^ligiom. 
 
 HTh e paftors good , that doe gladd tidinges preache, 
 A The godlie force., with reuerence do imbracei 
 Though they be men, yetfince Godds worde they teaehe, 
 Wee honor them , and giue them nighefte place, 
 Imbafladors of princes of the earthe, 
 HaueroyallScates, thoughebafethey are by birthe. 
 
 Yet, if throwglie pride they doe them feluesfoi gett, 
 And make accompte that honor, to be theires: 
 And doe not marke with in whofe place they fett, 
 Let them behowlde the afle, that I S I S beares, 
 
 Whoe thowghtc the men co honer him , did kneele, 
 And ftaied therfore, till he the ftaffe did feele. 
 
 por , as he paff d with ISIS throughe the tecte, 
 And bare on backe , his holie rites about, 
 Th' Egyptians downe fell proftrate at his feete, 
 "Whereat, the Afle, grewc arrogante and ftowte, 
 Then (aide the guide: oh foole not vnto thee, 
 Theife people bowe, but vnto that they fee? 
 
Bxperientia docet 
 
 Aygvthefvl l Prince , in prime of luftie yeares s 
 Wotilde vnderftande what weather fiioulde betide, 
 For that hee thoughts, with manie noble Pearls 
 To paflfe the time, on huntinge fbrch m ride : 
 
 Th'Aftronoraer, did wifhe hym ftaie at courte, 
 For prefent raine, mould hinder aH their fporte. 
 
 Which ftaied the Prince, but raine did none difcende, 
 Then , wente hee forth with manic GaUantes braue,- 
 But when he thought the dowdes, did droppes portend, 
 Hee roade afide , a plowghmans (kill to craue, 
 Whoe, looking ftraighte vppon the varijng fide: 
 Saide, twentie daies I thinke it will Bee drie. 
 
 Proceedings then , his iudgemeht true was fbunde, 
 Then, (quoth die Prince) weare thou die do&ours Roabe, 
 And geeue to him,. thy Harrowc on the grownde, 
 And in exchaunge , take thou his Spheare , and Gloabe ; 
 And further faied , henceforthe wee wiil aliow% 
 That learninge mall vnto Experience bowe. 
 
 B Sinnes. 
 
10 
 
 Sir ems. 
 
 Virg.Aeneii. 
 life. j. -St Ow- 
 dies lib. y. 
 itieumorph. 
 
 Nic^eufneru*. 
 ItteSci nautM 
 
 at vocu, 
 
 ami* jbtBtikut 
 him. 
 
 g;con fie par 
 C!*.ud. MU 
 -BOf'm eon&es- 
 &m. - 
 
 \XT iTHE pleafounte tunes^the Syrenes did allure 
 
 Vlifles wue, to liftcn theire fonge : 
 But nofhinge could his manhe liarte procure, 
 Hee (ailde awaie ? and fcap'd their charming ftronge, 
 The face , he lik'de : the nether parte , did loathe: 
 For womans fliape,and fifties had they bothe. 
 
 Which mewes to vs, when Bewtie fcekes to fiiare 
 The carelefle man , whoe dothe no daunger dreede. 
 That he fhoulde flic } and ftioulde in time beware. 
 And not onlookes , his fickle fancie feede: 
 
 Suche Mairemaides liue , that prom tie onelie ioyes: 
 But hee that yeldes , at iengthe him fclfte diffcroies. 
 
 H*c Venm ad muftis : Venerem exhorrefcue Nimph*, 
 
 In vat armams am amor in film. 
 ■Cut contra snufi, verba hoc age dieito marti: 
 
 AU^ev hue aims non voiat iliepuer. 
 
 Rtshu- 
 
T^s humanitin fummo dedwmt. 
 
 n 
 
 The gallante Shipp, that cutts the azure forge, 
 And hathe both tide, and wished windes^atwill: 
 Her tackle fure 3 vvithfhotte her foes to vrge, 
 "With Captaines boulde , and marriners of /kill, 
 
 With ftreamers, flagges, topgallantes.,pendantesbraue, 
 When Seas do rage 5 is fvv allowed in the waue. 
 
 The fiiowe, thatfailes vppon the mountaines greate. 
 Though on the Alpes , which (eerne the clowdes to reache. 
 Can not indure the force of Phoebus iieate, 
 But waftes awate , Experience doth vs teacher 
 
 Which warneth all , on Fortunes wheele that clime: 
 To beare in minde how they haue but a time. 
 
 Vafibus ambiguis fntunAVolubilis erut, 
 
 Et tnanet in nuio certa , tenaxcfe low. 
 Sed modo kta manet , vultw mo do fumit acerbos 
 
 M tmium conflam in kumie fita eft. 
 
 B % FrtifirL 
 
 Periand- pet 
 
 Anfon. 
 
 Si firsuna iuuat- 
 
 tUMlo tolli. ■ 
 
 Si fortwia tonat 
 taueto mtrgt. 
 
 O melius 4, 
 pent.;. ' 
 Ttt quiqtu Jot 
 ivrnens, 4? quit 
 tiki tttta indetur 
 
 fieri trtsita fdjji 
 put a. 
 
 Ooidiu* f» 
 Tuft. 9. 
 
12, 
 
 "p h e Poettes faine , that D A N A V S daughters deare, 
 Inioyned are to fill the fatal! tenne -• 
 
 Where , thewvghe chey toile,.yet are they not the oearc. 
 
 But as they powre* the water fort he dothe runne: 
 Jsfo paine will (erue , to fill it to the toppe, 
 For, mil at holes the lame doth runne, and droppc. 
 
 ^hich reprehendes , three fortes of wretches vainc, 
 The blabbe, th'ihgratc i and thoijb that couet mil, 
 As firll the blabbe^ na^ecretts can retaine. 
 Th'ingrate, not knowes, 50 vfe his frendes good will. 
 The couetous man , thowghe he abounde with ilore 
 Is not fuffifde, but couetts mote and more, 
 
 Supcrlt* 
 
1 i 
 
 OF NIOBE, behoulde the futhcfuO piighte, 
 Bicaufe fhee did diipife the powers deuine: 
 Her children all , weare flaine within her fighte, 
 And , while her fclfe with cricidinge tones did pine, 
 Shec was transforrride , into a marble ftone, 
 Which, yet with tcares , docile feerae to waibj and mone. 
 
 This tragedie , thojughe Poetts firfl: did frame, 
 
 Yet maie it bee , to cuerie one applide: 
 
 That mortall men, (houlde rhinke from whence they came, 
 
 And not prefume , nor puffc them vp with pride, 
 
 Leite that the Lorde,whoe haughty hartes doth hate, [irate. 
 
 Doth throwe them downe, when liire they tiiinke theyr 
 
 Ouid.s. Ms* 
 umorph. 
 
 Dc miaiero fi- 
 liovum , vide 
 Aul. GclJiiioa 
 
 iHe fncnl Uh, cemmt mea fmtra trSltsy 
 Now fimilii toto motor in orbe fnioj . 
 
 &is fepitm natos pe/wi, bit pigmra [tftem : 
 MtmijmiH ! Diumt juftulitiratstiki. 
 
 ■D5ng»» demtfm Ixmmh, & marmou mAnant. Oytd- 
 Sic mibi mors dolor tTk fic mhi vita, dolor. " Us * 
 
 Eifche, mmaki, smd fit mgtfcere fiftw, 
 Ef quid fit nugim, pjiluibiujfeDcos. 
 
 3 $. /# vi~ 
 
14 
 
 nAtam hutnanam. 
 
 Th e wicked worlde , fo falfe and full of crime, 
 Did alwaies mooue Heraclitvs to weepc, 
 The fadinge ioyes, and follies of that time, 
 Kb. D?S! a D £ mocr ltv s did driue to. laughter deepe, 
 s*auu«v.«. Thus lieynous {innc,.and foilie did procure 
 Thei/e famous men, (uche pafltons to indure. 
 
 What if they liude, and fhoulde behoulde this age 
 Which ouerflowes , with fwellinge feas of finne : 
 "Where fooles, by fwarmes, doe prefTe vppon the ftagc, 
 With hellifhe Impes, that like haue neuer binne : 
 I thinke this fighte, fhoulde haften their decaye 
 Then helpe vs God, and Sathans furieitaie- 
 
 Dttmnofa, quid non mminuit die& 
 v£tas parentma peior auk tulit 
 2Jos nequ'wes , mox 
 Isogeniem vitiojiorcm. 
 
Voluntas trymttofa. 
 
 Action lieare , vnhappic man behoolde, g««4; MM* 
 
 When in the well., hee fawe Diana brighte, mm&tf * 
 
 "With greedie lookes , hee waxed ouer boulde, 
 That to a ftagge hee was transformed righte, 
 Whereat amafde, hee thought to runne awaic, 
 But ftraighte his howndes did rente hyra, for their praie. 
 
 By which is ment , That thofe whoe do purine 
 
 Theire fancies fonde , and thingcs vnlawfull craue, 
 
 Like brutillie bealtes appears vnto the wewe, 
 
 And fhall at leughte , Acteeons guerdon haue: 
 And as his houndes , (be theire afFc&ions ba(e> 
 Shall them deuowre , and all their deedes deface 
 
 Comibus in Cttuum mutatum Attfien* fitmptk, 
 M.etnbratim propry diripme canes. 
 
 lu dis placftutt?) vtiuptatinmrM corns twfcqudtu?. 
 
 Ipift. 11. 
 
 Actilus. in pi ■ 
 ft a potfi. 
 
 PldUtlH ill 
 
Gjhpdpoitis 3 tenia. 
 
 Hi hcraan- 
 esonss exttc- 
 saas vEgypti 
 part<j inhabi- 
 tant ajjrico's- 
 siorii dvlits, 
 Subindfrsiiic 
 gruibus bel- 
 )um gerust. 
 Hinius lli>. 7. 
 cap. i. 3c 
 Aul. Gettiut 
 l»b.§, cag. 4, 
 
 \%T h 1 l e,H ERC VLES, with mightier clubbe in hande 
 * * In Lyons fkinne did fleepe a and take his cafe : 
 
 About him ftraighte approciide the Pigmeis baade, 
 
 And for to kill this conquerour aflaies^ 
 
 But foohfhe dwarffes ? theire force was all to fmalle, 
 For when lie wak*de 3 Hkegnattes hee crufti-d them alls 
 
 This warneth vs, that nothinge pafte our ftrengthc 
 Wee fhoulde attempts : nor anie worke pretende, 
 Aboue em power : felt that with fhame at lengthe 
 Wee weakelinges prootie , and fainte before the ende. 
 The pore, that ftriue with mightie 5 this doth blame 1 
 And foztes-i that feeke the learned to defame, 
 
 Tfflpe eU quod nequetu eapiti fitbmtttere pottduf, 
 Mi pejfimi wfim mm dm mg* genu* 
 
 Indite 
 
17 
 
 I> ehovlde the fruites of dronkenneflfe, and plaic : 
 ' Here coragCj brawles with Cutthroate for a cafte, 
 And ofte in fine , if that they lacke to paic> 
 They fvvearc it out , or blade it at the lafte: 
 
 This,frendfhippe breakes: this, makes vs laugrfd to fcornc, 
 And beggeriegiues , to thofethat riche arc borne. 
 
 The Lapithans, by drinke weare ouerthrowne, 
 The wiiefi: men , with foilie this inflames: 
 What fhoulde I fpeake, of father Noah aloane, 
 Or bring in Lott } or Holofernes names: 
 This S 1 m o n, and his fonnes, did ouerthrowc, 
 And Benedab, made flee before his foe. 
 And he that lik'd to fpende his time at dice* 
 This la we in Rome , S e v e r v s did prouide: 
 That euerie man t fhoulde deeme him as a vice, 
 And of his Landes, an other fhoulde bee guide: 
 Like Lawcs belide , did diuers more deuife, 
 And wifedome it\ll 3 againfte foche vnthriftes cries. 
 
 ttmfmnt incMti,flHdiotk aperinm ab ipfb, Iar^, & mt, foUichHsjfdtior, 
 
 Nudtfy per lufuspethra nojtrapdieiru. Crintmadiamur, rejonat cUmoribns'sihci\ 
 I va ftiba dtjorme makm, /»a% €ttfido htiom iratos &fibi quijqiie dm . 
 
 C In Ana- 
 
 Propcrtius. 
 Vinrfarma pent, * 
 
 no camanpitur tls-\ 
 Horat.i Epift. 19 
 Ludtts mm gamit tri- 
 
 fidum ctnamcn, <Sf 
 
 Irs truces inmiriun^ 
 &fimbrt it Hum. 
 
 Virgilius, 
 
 Genef. if, 
 ludic. 1 j. 
 1 Mac-hab. 
 
 j Regura 
 
 Ouidi.u»„ 
 
18 
 
 In fiWtTQS, 
 
 seu^mi.. C e-ptitjvs ritche , a mifer mode of all, 
 nen lt ftmmf»,f- Whbfe huinges large, and treafure aid exceedc: 
 f^fSs^™,^ Yet to his goodes, he was fo much in thralL, 
 
 That ftill he vfd on beetes , and rapes to feeder 
 So of his ftoare, the fweete he neuer knewe, 
 And longe did robbe , his bellie of his due. 
 
 This CaitifTe'wretche , with pined corpes Io heare, 
 Compared right vnto the fboli fhe ahe, 
 Whofe baeke is fraiglite with cates,*and darntie cheare, 
 But to his (hare commes neither corne-, nor graffe, 
 Yet beares he that 5 which fettes his teeth an edge: 
 And pines him felfe, withxhiftle and withfcdge. 
 
 5??optrtiui j.ijr 
 
 Terditifimus ego fvm omnium in tend. 
 Nam quid mihi opm vita eH } qui- tmtttm ami 
 Perdtdi, quod cufiodiui feduto ? egomet me jraudaui 
 Animum% mcum genmtitife meum, &c. 
 At nunc dejertis cejjattt fact alia lucis, 
 
 Aurumomnes viMa wn ptetate> colunt. 
 Auro pud/a fides, awe venatia tura, 
 
 Aurum lex {equitur } mox fine legepudor. 
 
Nec verk); ntc fitStosquenqmrn Udendmn, 19 
 
 TT e are. Nemesis the Goddefle iufte dotheftande, 
 JtJL With bended arme , to meafure all our waies^ 
 A faine fhee houldes, with in the other hande, 
 "With biting bitte, where with the lewde (hee ftaies: 
 And pulles them backe , when harme they doeintende, 
 Or when they take in wicked fpeeche delite, 
 And biddes them ftitl beware for to ofFende, 
 And fquare theire deedes , in all thinges vnto righte: * 
 But wicked Impes, that lew dlie runne their race 3 
 Shee hales them backe , at lengthe to theire deface. 
 
 Eft dea : qua V4cuo fubtimis in aere pendens . 
 It mmbo fuccinfta law : fed Candida palaum 
 Sed radiata contain : ac Jiridentibtu infonat alii, 
 ffac Jpes tmmoikas f remit i hae infeSa fuperbis 
 Imminet : buic celfas bominilm contundere mentes t 
 SucceJJiisyj datum; & mmios turban par at us. 
 Quant veteres Nemisim &c. 
 
 & paulo port: 
 lmpraba mu damans : acfummii ima reUoluens 
 Mt/ceti &4tcrtmmUros vice" itfnperat actus, &c. 
 
 C z> (JMinuit 
 
 PoUuanus ek- 
 gamer Nemh* 
 sim detcribit 
 in Mauto fuo 
 fic incijuens. 
 
to 
 
 vMinwt pr&jcritid fimam. 
 
 Virg. lib, 4. 
 Aueid. in de- 
 foci p. famx. 
 EcOuii,Me« 
 tamji6.11. 
 De dorao fa- 
 
 RE ? o R t e , did tinge the fiiowe did hide the hilles, 
 And valleys lowe , there with alofte did rife: 
 Which newes , with dowte the harces of manie filles, 
 And Cowardes made, for feare at home to friefe: 
 But thofe that went , the truthe hereof to knowe, 
 When that they came , might fafelie paflc the fhowe. 
 
 For-whie, the Sonne did make the fame to waftc, 
 And. all afyout s difcouered had die groundc : 
 So, thoughc ofte times the ample bee agaftc, 
 When that reportes, of this , or that , doe (ounde, 
 Yet if they fjrftc,woulde feeke the truthe to knowc» 
 They ofte'moulde finde> the matte* nothing, foe. 
 
 Mdtlitate viget , vires% acqukit, 'emdo, 
 Parua metu primo, mox fefe attoUit in auras, &c. 
 
 itette diefy patet- t<na e Si ex are finanti, 
 T9t4jremit,V9ces% refert, iteratque quod audit, &t. 
 
 Turpibu* 
 
Tttrpibuj cxitium* 
 
 *T* h e Scarabee , cannot indurc the fence 
 
 Of fragant rofe, mofte bewtifuil to fee : 
 But filthic fmelles, hee aiwaies doth frequent, 
 And rofes fweete, doc make liim pine and die: 
 
 His howfe 5 is donge : and wormes his neighbours are> 
 
 And for his meate , his manlion is his fare. 
 
 With theife hee liues ; and doth reioice for aie, 
 And buzzeth frefhe, when night 'doth take her place, 
 From theife, he dies, and languiiTech awaie: 
 So, whofe delites arc filthie, vile , and bafe, 
 
 Is ficke to heare, when coun&ile fweete we giue, 
 
 And rather likes, with reprobates to hue* 
 
 Vis r obi contempt rupiftk frtm fWorw, fhnuna^adfontis pntYtditttr4capit,(^i>. *«>ptn. 3,17. 
 
 Nefrit is cfl.pt & mentis habere madam. Qui® pop.i vifm qtiifquam reprektudere ctftfm.. 
 FfdWiiw j>a sncenfw emns Jedetur arijlas, Ef . tft$idx jUmuhi f&ngere nmpjiu. 
 
 G 3 Hu&tu 
 
t Nullus dolus contra, (jfwm* 
 
 Be howlde the craftie foxe , 
 Vppon Danubius plaics, 
 What time throwgh frofte, both man, and beafte, 
 Thereon did make their waies. 
 
 At lengthe , with Phoebvs beames, 
 The frofte began to flake : 
 So that the yce with fwelling ftreame, 
 To (iindrie peeces brake. 
 
 Where , on a peece the fbxe, 
 Doth to his tackling ftande : 
 And in the fighte of Regenfpurge, 
 Came driuing by the Landc. 
 
 At whichj the towoefineh laugh'de, 
 And (aied, this foxe , on Ice: 
 Doth fhewe,no fubtill cfafte wijl feme, 
 When ChaUnce doth throwe the dice. 
 
 Btghurfatit momle genus : 
 
 ( fibi quifquam jpondere foteft 
 Jnmum > & (iabtle .: ftrq, ca/us 
 tolmtur vartes fempcx nobis 
 Metuenda dies, &c. 
 
 tMihi 
 
Mil* ponder*, , htxm, i] 
 
 \KT hen anturanc ripes,the rrutertill fieldes of graine, 
 
 * ^ And Ceres doth in all her pompe appeare. 
 The heauic eare , doth breake the ftalke in twaine, 
 Whcrebie wee fee , this by experience cleare: 
 Hir owne excefTe, did caufe her proper fpoile, 
 And made her corne, to rotte vpponthe (bile. 
 
 Soe worldlie wealthe, and great aboundaunce^marreis; 
 
 The fharpenes of our fences , and our wittcs,, 
 
 And oftentimes , our vnderftanding barres, 
 
 And dulles the fame , with manie carerull fittes: 
 Then lincc Excefle procures our fpoile and painc, 
 The meane preferre, before immoderate gaine. 
 
 nec te ktcunda ftonte fefeUit 
 
 Luxuries pradulce malum , qua dedita femptr €laa<l - *• 
 
 Corporis arbhriis , hebetat caligine fenfus 
 Membratfc ciruit effeminat acrm herbk, 
 
 Latet 
 
14 
 
 Latet unguis in herba. 
 
 Of fiattringe fpeeche, withfagred wordesbewiue, 
 Sufpe& the harte,whofe face doth fawne, and fmilc, 
 With trufting theife, the worlde is clog'de with care, 
 And fewe there bee can (cape theife vipers vile : 
 With plcafinge fpeeche they promife , and proteft, 
 When hatefull hartes lie hidd within their breft. 
 
 The faithful! wight, dothe needc no collours brauc, 
 But thofe that trufte , in time his truthe (hall trie, 
 Where fawning mates , can not theire credit (auc, 
 Without a cloakc , to flatter , fame, and lyc: 
 No foe fo fell, nor yet foe harde to fcape, 
 As is the foe, that fawnes with freindlie (hape. 
 
 ou a i./Ut. Tuta, ftequenstfo vU eft y per atnici faffere notnen- 
 
 fitm i.F«ft. S fc ittvuntific fife cadunt, yln vinctre apert'e 
 
 Hon damr : injidtat , armaq. tefta fax Ant. 
 
Cum ubefdmus omnes* 
 
 I F griping greifes, haue harbour in thie breftc, 
 And pininge cares, laie feige vnto the fame, 
 Or ftraunge conceiptes , doe reaue thee of thic reft, 
 And daie, and nighte , do bringe thee out of frame: 
 Then choofe a freinde , and doc his counfaile crauc, 
 Leaftfecretfighes, doe bringe vntimelie graue. 
 
 Continuall care , did P l i n i e s harte pofTcfle, 
 
 To knowe what caufde Vesevvs hill to flame, vefawi, fe- 
 
 . t r i 1 • t rr eundumSer- 
 
 And ceaicd not , now this, nowe that , to gcfle: «iam vit g u. 
 
 Yec, when hec coulde not comprehende the fame, Jioweftfigi. 
 
 Suche uas his fate , purfuing his defier, J* fub Alpi " 
 
 He headlonge fell into the flaming fier. 
 
 Nf« opbus menus homini, cur da, leu/tntur, &e. Tibui lib.f , 
 
 O Cum hmitmm , 6 quantum eft in rebus inane, perf i. 
 
 D 
 
 Olium 
 
z6. 
 
 Qtiwn fortem exffeSiat. 
 
 Oftjd. i, Pont. 6. 
 Strnit vt ignauum ctv- 
 mtmpatit otia corpus* 
 
 Vt-tapiant Tj.Uum 
 m. mut&ttsw aqua. 
 
 Windmill faire, that all thinges had to grinde, 
 Which man coulde make, the father lefte his fbnnc: 
 The cor-ne was broughte, there nothing lack'd, but wmdc, 
 And Cuftomers, did fremlie to it ronne.: 
 
 The fonne repoafde his rrufte vppon the mill, 
 And dailie drearride on plentie at his wilL 
 
 Thus he fecure, a while his daies did pane, 
 And did not (eeke , for other (laie at all : 
 And thoughe hee fotinde > howe coulde the profit was, 
 And that foe (mall , vnto Ins fhare did fali : 
 Yet ftill he hoap'de , for better lucke at lafte, 
 And put his trufte, in eaehe vncertaine biaite. 
 
 «nc ru<! Vnto this foole 3 they maie compared bee, 
 —lv%jkn dieth- Which idlic liue , and vainlie hoape for happe: 
 S^ZZl um ? m For while they hope , wich wants they pine, wee Zee: 
 x^"Z&imt!i- verie fewe, are lul'de on fortunes lappe: 
 
 tSiJ While graflfe doth growe, the courier faire doth fterue, 
 And fortune field , the wiihcrs tuinedothferue. 
 
 Dolus 
 
Dolus in fms. 
 
 L 7 
 
 TXTh t l e nettes were fette, the fimple fowles to take, 
 
 * * Whoekepte theire courfe alofte,andwouldenotiighte ? 
 A tamed ducke, her hoame did ftraighte forfake, 
 And flewe alofte , with other duckes in flighte, 
 
 They dowtinge not , her traiterous harte at all, 
 
 Did fhe with her, and downe with her did fall. 
 
 By this is mente, all fuche as doe betraic, 
 Theire kindred neare , that doe on them depende, 
 And ofte doe make , tlie innocent a praie, 
 By fubtill fleighte, to them that feeke theire ende 
 
 Yea vnto thofe , they flioulde mofte frendfhip mowe, 
 
 They lie in waitc, to worke theire ouerthrowe* 
 
 Ferjida cognate fe {anguine poUuit ales s And. Aiaat, 
 
 Officiofa dm? exitioja Juts. De Anaw * 
 
 D z XnABro- 
 
%,$ In oA&rologos. 
 
 HearEjIcarvs with mountinge vp alofte, 
 Came headlonge downe , and fell into the Sea : 
 His waxed winges , the fbnne did make fo fbfte, 
 They melted ftratghte, and feathers fell awaie : 
 
 So, whilfte he rlewe , and of no dowbte did care, 
 He mooude his armes, but loe } the fame were bare* 
 
 Let (uclie beware 3 which pafte theire reache doe mounte, 
 "Whoe feeke the thinges,to mortal I mendeny'de, 
 And iearche the Heauens > and all the (tarres accoumpte, 
 And tell therebie 3 what after mall betyde : 
 
 With blulfhinge nowe, theire weakenefTe rightlie wcye ? 
 
 Leaft as they clime , they fall co theire decaye. 
 
 lUud quod medium eft, at que inter vtramque^probamui, 
 
 Vum petit infirmu nimtum fubl'tmia pennu 
 
 Icarus 5 Icariu nomina fecit aquk. 
 Vitaret cdum Vhae'ton , fi vtueret , & quot 
 
 Optauit Jfuite ungcrt, nolltt eqwu 
 
isAmor in filios. 
 
 \]iT hen Boreas coulde, dothe bare both buffiie, and tree., 
 
 * Before the Springe, the Ringdoue makes her nelte: 
 And that her yonge both forte, and warme, mightebee, 
 Shee pulles her plumes, bothe from her backe , and brefte: 
 And while mee ftryues , her broode for to preicrue, 
 Ofte times for coulde, the tender damme doth lterue. 
 
 Medea nowe , and Progne, biulThe for fhame: 
 By wiiome, are ment yow dames of crueli kinde 
 Whole infantes yonge , vnto your endlerfe blame, 
 For mothers deare, do tyrauntes of yow finde: 
 
 Oh ferpentes feede , each birde, and lauage brute.,, 
 Will thole condcmpne, that tender not thcire trute* 
 
 D 3 1» vi* 
 
XKT hat doleful! dame is this in greate difpaire > 
 * This prowes i% whoe mournes on A iax toombe: 
 
 Wjiat is the caule } mee rentes her goulden hairc? 
 
 ^ronge fentence pafte by Agamemnons doom be ; 
 But howe 2 declare , Vlisses filed tonge, 
 AllUrde the Judge, to giue a lodgement wrange. 
 
 Fer when , that dead Achyllis was in gratis, 
 For valiantc hartt , did A i a x wmne the fame: 
 "Whereby 3 he ctaunide -Achyllis armes to iiaue, 
 V l j. s 5 e s yet , was honored with the lame: 
 His (tittle fpeeche , the iudges did preterit 
 And Aiax wrong de, the onclie man of r warre 
 
 "Wherefore, the Knighte impatient of the fame, 
 Did loofe his wittes, and alter, wroughte his ende: 
 Loe 3 heare the cauie that mooude this (acred dame, 
 On Aiax toombe , wkh gricfe her time too fpende- 
 Which warneth vs , and thofe that after hue, 
 Tobearethemnghtc, when iudgement they do giue. 
 
Q%tm odium. 51 
 
 *T* H'Enuious man> when neighboures -howie dochc flame-, 
 *• Whofe chiefe delighte, is in- an others harme, 
 Doth fiuitte his eies, and will note fee the fame, 
 But pulles awaie, his fellowe by the arme : 
 
 And fayeth, departe, wee care not for this ill. 
 
 It is not ours, let others care that will. 
 
 Too manie liue , that euery wheare are found© 
 Whoe daye and nighte doe languiihe in difpite, 
 When that they fee , an others weakhe abounde : 
 But, thofe herein that mofte of all delighte, 
 
 Let them.repente, for God whoe knowestheire hairs, 
 
 Will them rewarde,ae-cordinge todeferts* 
 
 Vix% tenet lacrymas quia nil lacrymabile emit* &(. °o!ph ' j£l 
 
 lnuidm alter'm rebus macrefcit opmU, Horifu» *, 
 
 lnuidi* Siculi nan inumere tyrtnm e P lft « *■ 
 
 Mam wmentm. > « 
 
 In p(e~ 
 
3* 
 
 Jn pcenam feSlatur &* rvmbra. 
 
 Oto. 
 
 Omd.Fafti. 
 
 Th e wicked wretchc , that mifchiefelate hath wroughte. 
 By murthcr , thefce, or other heynous crimes, 
 Wtth troubled minde, hec dowtes liee (halbe caughte, 
 And Icaues the waie,and ouer hedges climes: 
 
 And ftandes in feare , of euerie bulThe , and brake, 
 Yea oftentimes, his fhaddowe makes him quake. 
 
 A conscience cleare , is like a wall of brafle, 
 That dothc not make, with euerie (hotte that hittes: 
 Eauen foe there by, our liues wee quiet paffe, 
 When guiltie mindes , arc rack'dc with fearfull fittes: 
 Then keepe thee pure, and (bile thee not with finnc, 
 For after guiltc, thine inwarde greifes beginne. 
 
 Confcitu ipfe (ibi de ft futAt omnia diet. 
 Confc'u mens vt cuiquefua eft, ita concipit intra 
 rector a> pro fatto jptntfy , metum^ fuo. 
 
Ei» n i m fewtfa firodegerltj mend credt not? oportere. 3 \ 
 
 Medea Ioc with infante in her armc, o«id. iib 7 . 
 
 Whoc kil'dc her babes, fhee fhoulde haue loued beftc: MeWfnotr 
 The fwallowe yet, whoe did fufpedt no harmc, 
 Hir Image likes, and hatch'd vppon her brelte: 
 And lcfte her youngc, vnto this tirauntes guide, 
 Whoe , peccemeale did her proper fruwfle deuide. 
 
 Oh foohihc birde, thinkTte rhow, fhec will haue care, 
 Vppon thy yorgc ? Whoe hathe her ownc deftroy'dc, 
 And ma<e it bee, that fhec thic birdes fnould (pare? 
 Whoe Hue her owue, in whome fhee (houlde haue ioy*d 
 Thov? arte deceaude , and arte a warningc good, 
 To put no trufte, in them that hatc.thcire blood. 
 
 MiDE^t fiatu* eft : nates cut credit Hirttnde? Botiamu , 
 
 F*r dtb : ytden' hoc muftcf vt tpfa fuss ? 
 
 E In mi~ 
 
14 
 
 momentamam fdtciutem. 
 
 FetmsCritH- 
 ttu At hone- 
 1H difctplina 
 Kb. i. sap. 1 4. 
 
 Hie. Itraftierw* 
 Ca- ulcus cHtumis, tH- 
 9>tJ*ei. lucurinta vetrt t 
 
 CtluU leuat , /7««w. 
 tktvtmut ft ,fitm. 
 
 The frui&full gourde , was neighbourc to the Pine, 
 And lowe at firfte, abowr her roote did fpread, 
 But yet, with dewes , and H Iuer droppes in fine, 
 It mounted vp , and almofte towch'de the head: 
 And with her fruidte, and ieaues on euene fide, 
 Imbrafde the tree , and did the fame deride. 
 To whome , the Pine with ionge Experience wife, 
 And ofte had fcenc , fuche peacockes loofe theire plumes, 
 Thus aunfwere made, thow owght'ft not to deCp\tc ) 
 My ftoeke at all, oh fbole, thow much prefume& 
 In coulde,and heate, here ionge hath bene myhappe, 
 Yet am I fbunde , and full ofliuelic foppe. 
 But, when the frofte, and coulde, i'bail theeaffaie, 
 Thowghe nowe aiofte , thow bragge, and tremlie bloomy 
 Yet , then thie roote, (hall rotte, and fade awaie, 
 And fhortlie, none mall knowe where was thy room? 
 Thy frui&e, and leaues, that nowe (o highe afpirc 
 The palfers by, fhall treade within die mire. 
 
 Let 
 
Let them that ftande, alofte on fortunes wheele, 
 And bragge,and boaltc , with puffe of worldlie pride 
 Still bcare in raindc , howc foone the fame maie reele, 
 And alwayes looke, for feare theirc footinge Hide : 
 And let not will, houlde vp theire heades for fame, 
 When inwardc wantes, maie not (upporte the iamc. 
 
 Aire qmndoque fduttm redimndam. 
 
 35 
 
 Th e Beauer flowe,thatpre(ent daunger feares, 
 And fees a farrc, the eager howndes to hafte, 
 With grindingc teethe, his ltoanes awaie he teares, 
 And chrowes them downc , to thofe that haue himchafte: 
 
 Which beinge foundc, the hunter dothe retire, t^Jt*ru fiL, m 
 
 For that he hath , the fruictc of his deiirc. 
 
 Theife, foueraigne are difea(es for to heale, 
 And for mannes healthe, from countries farre are brought^ 
 And if herein , the writers doe not faile, 
 This bealte doth knowe, that he therefore is foughtc: 
 And after warde, if anie doe him courfe, 
 He (hewes his wante , to mooue them to icmorfe. 
 
 E * Thus, 
 
Crates Theba • 
 bus cum the- 
 faurum fpon- 
 tt perderet. 
 It nc sbue.ait, 
 muls diuttiar: 
 Aatr.s efini eft 
 <t hie vat de - 
 merp^ qoam 
 tgo a vobts 
 
 Ouirl. lit I. 
 ©e Remtd. 
 
 Thus, to his painc he doth his fife pre feme: 
 
 Which tcacheth vs , if foes doe vs purine, 
 
 Wee (howlde not care , if goodesfor life maie feruev 
 
 Akhoughe we giue, our treaiure to aiewe : 
 No ntches, maie with life of man compare, 
 They are but dioflfe, and fortunes, brittle ware. 
 
 Then life redeeme , althoughe with all thow hafte, 
 Thoughe thow arte pore, yetfeeke, and thow make finde, 
 Thofe rjtches pure , that euermore mall lafte, 
 Which are the goodes, and treafares, of the minde: 
 Noc man fo pore, but god can blefle his daies, 
 Whoe patient I o b, did from the dunghill raife. 
 
 Vt corpus YedinWyfetrum patierii & ignti, Vt valeits ammo, qnicquam tolerare ne^abk? 
 Anda nec. fitiens ora larnhh aafta. At pretimn pan \>&c coraore. maw habetL>i. 
 
 Durum telum necejjkas. 
 
 VT ecessiti E doth vrge , the Popmiaye to prate , 
 XN Aud birdes, to drawe their bucketts vp, and picke tfreire mcatc 
 through , grate : 
 
 "Which warnerh them, whoe needes muft eytherferue,orprner 
 Wuh willing harcc, nopainesrofhunne, and freedouie to refigne. 
 
 Placer tibi f*ttum Mitio ? m k non fi que am 
 Mmuu -. nunc.) cum Mquea 3 &qm mma feto* 
 
Jfmmicorum dona, infiu&d. 
 
 TF of thy foe , thow doeft a gifte receaue, 
 A Efteeme it not , for feare the fates doe lower. 
 And with the gtfte , ofte tyme thie life doe reaue, 
 Y ea giftes wee reade , haue fache a fecret power. 
 That oftentimes,, they L y »c e v s eies doe blinder 
 And he that giues, the taker fafte doth binde. 
 
 To A i a x heare , a (worde did H f e t o * fende, 
 A girdle ftronge , to him did Aiax. yeelde, 
 "With Hectors gifte, did Aiax woorJcc his endt, 
 And Aiax gifte , hal'de Hector diroughe die fielde : 
 Of mortall foes, then fee noe gifte thow take, 
 Akhoughe a while, a traee with them thow make. 
 
 -ml vlk putatis 
 
 Dona carere dolts Danaum, &c. 
 Sk Uttdo obfequij , quim'tttum boftibut ksflts 
 Muncta, y&nM* pr*f(ta. fau fsrmt. 
 
 E 3 
 
 JLaeoon tyad 
 Vitgiiiunjlib. 
 ^ncid.i.isc dc 
 e<juo. lotjuitac 
 Tioianas. 
 Aleut. 
 
5& 2{on hem njirum>fed vir loemwnat. 
 
 To the Honorable Sir P h i 1 1< p Sidney Knight, Gouernwr 
 of the 'Garrifon and towne of Vltfing. 
 
 Th e trampinge fteede, that, champesrhe bufnifird bittc, 
 Is mannag d braue, with ryders for the nones : 
 But, when the foolc vppon his backc doth iettc, 
 He throwes him downe, and oftc doth hrufe his bones: 
 His coragc feirce, dothc crane a better guide, 
 And eke fuch horfc, the foole fhoulde not beftride. 
 
 n^', 4 ^^ By which is raent, that men of iudgcmetif graue, 
 t«*,tuc.nfHU*m. Of learning, witte. > and ecke of com'cience clcarc, 
 ti*t tin, tin nu t* fw - In highe ertate, are fittc theire Ccatcs to haue, 
 cq ^ e ftall'd, in (acred iuftice chearc: 
 "Wherein they rule , vnto theire endleiTe fame, 
 But foolesare foil'd, and throwne out of the lame* 
 
 ■Homm. $«.<. magnum hoc ego duco, 
 
 £ubd placuittibi , qm turfi fccernU honeftum. 
 
 'JMt-dh 
 
Mediocnbm nutere parm* 
 
 19 
 
 W 
 
 home fortune heare allottes a rneanc eftate, 
 Yet giues.enowghe,eache wanteforto furfife: 
 That wauering wighte 3 that hopes for better fate, 
 And not content , his cawhnge doth defpife, 
 Maie vainlie clime , but likehc mil to fall, 
 And hue at lengthe, with loffc of maine, and ail. 
 
 And he that poaftes , to make awais his landes, 
 And credittesall , that wandnnge heades reporte : 
 Mayc Tagus feeke, and Ganges gouiden fandes, 
 Yet come at lengthe } with emptie puife zo courte: 
 Let fuche behoulde, the greedie dogge to moanc^ 
 By brooke deceaud, with lhaddow of his boane. 
 
 iton minor eft virtus , quam quaere parta tueri t 
 Cafui ineji silk , h'ic etii mis opus. 
 
 Seruiet aternum, quia panto nefiiat vt'u 
 Cut non (onuentei fua res , vi cakcus dim, 
 Si pede maior erit, fubuertet . /? minor, yrget« 
 Ltius forte m vines , fapienm 4u8u 
 
 Hoi,*. Car.iif. 
 
 Splendtt in tntteU umA 
 
 filinum: 
 Nee Itutl fonm»s ti* 
 
 mtr, out (uftifi 
 
 tmni.lib.tin 
 Art; 
 
 Horatiua i» 
 ipifl. 10. 
 
4 o 
 
 ISimwn ylrtutis ft) *vit$j. 
 
 Virgii. tnFragra. 
 de Htcera y. 
 ■Quifauii eiutn dum 
 
 cafus vittut'u amett 
 Vieent, tUe fibt lan- 
 
 dtmqtw dtcufque pa* 
 
 rabit. 
 
 jit^ui Jefidia luxim- 
 que fecjuttur intrtem, 
 Dum fitgtt oppofitti in* 
 
 caulm mtnte (aborts , 
 Tttrpit-, vnopfifue Jtmut t 
 
 miftralnle trxnfiget 
 
 *ttum. 
 
 X\T hen Hercvles, was dowtfull of Ins waif, 
 * * Incloied rounde, with vertue , and with vice: 
 With reafons firfte , did vertue him aflaie, 
 The other , did with pleafores him entice : 
 
 They longe did ftriue, before he coulde be wonne, 
 Till at the lengthe , A l c i d e s thus Jbegonnc 
 
 Gh pleafiire, thoughe thie waie beeftnoothe, andfWc, 
 And fweete delightes in afl thy courtes abounde: 
 Yet can I heare, of none that haue bene there, 
 That after life r with fame haue bene renourridc: 
 For honor hates, with pleafute to remame, 
 Then houlde thy peace, thow waftesthiewindein vainc 
 
 Bat heare , I yeelde oh vertue to thie will, 
 
 And vowe my feife , all labour to indure, 
 
 For to afcende the fteepe, and craggie hill, 
 
 The toppe whereof, whoe Co attaines, is fure 
 For his rewaide , to haue a crowne of fame • 
 Thus Hercvles, obeyd this iacred dame 
 
Tma feqwm. 
 
 4 1 
 
 TXT hen filent nighte, did fccpter take in handc, 
 
 * * And dim'de the daic, with (hade of mantle hlacke > 
 What time the thecucs, in priuie corners ftande, 
 And haue noe dowte , to rohbc for what they lacke: 
 A greedie thcefe, in (bambies broke a fhoppc, 
 And hTde a facke, with flefiie vp to the toppe. 
 Which done , with fpeedc he lifted vp the facke, 
 And bothe the endes , abowt his necke he knittes,, 
 And ranne awaic, with burden on his backe 
 Till afterwardes , as hec at alehowfe litres : 
 
 The heauic loade , did weye fb harde bchindc, 
 That whiles he flcpt, the weightc did ftoppe his .winde. 
 Which truelic fhowes , to them that doe offende, 
 Althowghe a while , they fcape thcire iuft defertes, 
 Yet punifhmcnt , dothe at theire backes attende, 
 And plagues them hoamc, when they haue mericfthartcs: 
 And thoughe longe time , they doe cfcape the pikes, 
 Yetibone., or late, the Lorde in iuftice ftrikes. 
 
 F Vtntcr 
 
 Iaueoalis t j . «J* 
 malis fie ait. 
 Hi fmt qui trepidoMt, 
 & *<t ormiA ful^vr* 
 
 Citm ttntt ; txtnimu 
 frtmt quaifU Htur- 
 mhrt stcti. 
 Senrc. I'roar!. 
 
 Qui ntn petttne, 
 
4& Venter ygkwazZJenm z Ludemfugmnt. . 
 
 XfcT h y flicft tliow hence ? and turn'fte awaie thie facer 
 * * T how glorie brighte^chat men w i t hi ame doeft crowner 
 
 Gto. Bycauie, I haue noc hkinge of that place. 
 
 Where flothfull men , doc fleepe in beddes of downe: 
 And rlelhlic luftc, doth dwell with fowle excefle, 
 This is no howfe , for glorie to polTefle^ 
 
 But, if thow wilte my pretence neuer lacke, 
 
 SardanapaLj and all his pleafures hate, . 
 
 Driue Venvs hence, let Bacchvs further packc, 
 
 If not , behowlde I flie out of thie gate : 
 
 Yet, if from thei(e> thow turne thie face awaiCj 
 I will returne, and. dwell with thee for aie.. 
 
 $?o?sre. *, »i Magnum iter tfcendo , fed dat mibi gloiU vires .» 
 
 Non iuuat ex facili lefta m&m iugo. 
 
 <ta&i.a«M.«. emit vt ignauum cmumpdni ®tia corpus ? 
 
 vt capiant vhium 9 ni nmeamm a%utl 
 
 Ment 
 
^Mmsimmata mantt. 
 
 45 
 
 Te Sir Robert Iermyn ILritght. 
 
 P [aim, 4T. 
 t^jaemadmodura 
 d e {id efat Genius 
 ad fontesaquarin 
 Itadefiderat 
 ma mea ad te 
 
 B y vertue hidde, behouldc , the Iron harde, 
 The loadeftone drawes , to poynfe vntp the ftarr e: 
 Whereby, wee kaowe the Seaman kecpes his catde 
 And righthe fhapes, his courfe to countries farre; 
 And on the pole , dothe euer keepe his eie. 
 And withe die lame , his compafie makes agree, 
 
 Which mewes to.v$,«ur inward ycrtues fiioulde, 
 Still drawe our hartesj althoughe the iron wears: 
 The hauenlie ftarrc, at all times jo behoulde, 
 To fhape our courfe, So right while wee bee" heare: 
 That Scylla* and Charybdis , wee maie mifle, 
 And, wim?e atlengthe, the porte of eadlefle bliffe. 
 
 ConfctA fntns rettifamx mencUc'iA ridet. 
 
 Eufficit & Ur.gtan proliw perdurat in autm y 
 Tercfcfuos anms bine bene pendet amof. 
 
 F z Vefidc- 
 
 Ouid.4. Faft. 
 
 Omd. dc medic 
 faciei. 
 
44 
 
 Defiderium Jpe <vacuwn. 
 
 Jk T" 1 h e Lyon fierce, behoulde doth rente his praie, 
 The dogge lookes backe, in hope to haue a fhafe, 
 
 And lick'd his lippes, and longe therefore did ftaie. 
 
 But all m vaine , the Lion none coulde (pare: 
 
 And yet the hghte 5 with hope the dogge did feeder, 
 As if he had, iomme parte there of in deede. 
 
 This reprehendes^ the fbnnes, or greed ie frendes, 
 That longe do hope , for deathe of aged Sires : 
 And on theire goodes, doe feede before theire endes, 
 For deathe orte times, doth frul Irate theire defires; 
 
 And takes awaic , the yonge before the ouide. 
 
 Let grcedic heires , this looking glafle behoulde. 
 
 •OMid.'s. Ms. 
 
 film ante diem patrfas inquirit w Amos. 
 Viita mti pmat , &(» 
 
Furor ffi rabies. 
 
 4f 
 
 Th e crewel I kinges, that are inflam'de with ire : 
 Wkh fier, and iworde , theire furious mindesiurfijc: 
 A**4 oftc to fhowc , what, cmcfelie tiley defire, 
 Within theire fheildes , they dveaderull iliapes deuife, 
 Some Gnphms feirce, fome ramping Lions beare. 
 Some Tygers fell , or Dragons like to wcare. 
 
 All whicJh. bewraye., theire inward© bloodie thoughte, 
 Suche one, behoulde,kmge Agamemnon was ; 
 Who had in fhielde , a. ramping Lion, wrought© 
 And eke this verfe , was grauen in the bralfe: 
 iZMannej terror this, to feare them that behotdde: 
 Which fhielde is borne, ^Agamemnon bouJae. 
 
 Duns furor in curfit eft', cfifnm't cede furcri< 
 Ditficiles ad'ttm impetus mm babeu 
 
 S nbk Ciaoi Mi- 
 ' jis ftjpf rAiciaumi, 
 Agamemnrmc cly- 
 peum habuifie , in 
 <juo Leo depiftiu 
 crac, ad terrorem 
 aim lacuuendum: 
 <jUod quidem fcu- 
 tu«n m Olvmpiae fa- 
 no pc» aliquot tem- 
 pora pependit, cCita 
 iafcripciotteaa-eAiu 
 
 bit tft ktrr.'s- 
 tnu>t,quijue kar< v«- 
 riKi't ^QamrnmtnK 
 
 O ltd. I, Itemed. 
 
 3 
 
4<* Zlartj hominum fen fits. 
 
 Td Sir Henry Woodhowse Knight. 
 
 An aged dame, in reuerenceof the dead, 
 With care did place, the fculies of men Oiee founde, 
 Vppon an hill , as in a {acred bed, 
 But as (hee toil'de, fhee (tumbled to the grounde: 
 Whereat , downe fell die heades within her lappe, 
 And here , and there, they ranne abowt the hill ; 
 With that , quoth (hee, no maruaik is this bappe, 
 Since men aliue , in myndes do cjiffer {till : 
 And like as theife 4 in funder downe do fall, 
 So varried they , in -their opinions all. 
 
 Pcrfius j, M-iUe hominum jpecits, & mum dlfcolor vfa. 
 
 VeUe fuum cuique eft, nec voto viuitur vtto. 
 Mercibw hu 1 talis , tntttat fub fole ucenti 
 tygofum piper, & pnUenw gran a tumirti: 
 Hie Jatur imguo maqult turgefiere fomno ; 
 Hie campo indulget, bunt dea decoquit: &c. 
 
 <JM4rt(, 
 
*MMe ft) me. 
 
 To Sir "William Standley Knight. 
 
 47 
 
 Where courage great ,- and eonfaile good doe goe, 
 With laftinge fame, the victorie is wonne : 
 But (cperate theife, then feare the ouerthrowej 
 And ftrengthe alone, dothe vnto ruine tonne : 
 
 Then Captainesgood , muft ioyne thei/e two, in ones 
 And not prefume with this , or that , alone. 
 
 As. valiant liartes, and corage highe befeeme, 
 The Captaines boulde, that enterpriie for fame : 
 Soe mufte they ftill, of polficie efteeme, 
 And wifedomes rules, tabringe to pa(Te the fame: 
 While Caefar. great , fubdiide the countries farre: 
 In gowne at home , did T v l l i e helpe to warre.. 
 V l i s s e s wile , and D i o m e d e s forme, 
 Are heare Tet downc , for valiant wightes to viewe: 
 The one deuif de , the other did performe, 
 Whereby , they did the Troiane force fubdue : 
 
 The one , his foes with wittq, and counfaile harm'de, 
 The other, ftill him felfe againfte them amide. 
 
 Labor 
 
 Andr.AlcUi. 
 
 Diribus hk pftftat, 
 hie pellet tcum'mt mh'u : 
 Net tamea altcrius, 
 tmegtt alter ape. 
 
 Hot. i. Carm io. 
 Xttus aiguftu 4nmn 
 
 fus, atcfue 
 hrtuupparei Japine- 
 
 ter idem ■ 
 Ittitrabu vale »i- 
 
 lmmaficundt. 
 
4$ Labor irritm. 
 
 HE a r e, Ocnus ftill the roapc doth turne and winde, 
 Which he did make, of ruflhes and of grajtfe: 
 And when with toile,his worke was to his minde 
 He rol'de it vp, and lefte it to the afTe : 
 
 Whoe quickelie fpoil'de, that longe with paine was fponne, 
 "Which being kept , it might fome good haue donne. 
 
 This Ocnus fhewes, a man that workes and toiles, 
 The Alle declares , a wicked waftfull wife : 
 "Whoc if fhee maie , fhec quicklie fpendes and fpoilcs 
 That he with care, was getting all his life, 
 
 And likewife thofe , that iewdely doo beftowe 
 - Suche thinges, as fhoulde vnto good vfes goe, 
 
 iuuenalij 6. Vrodiga non fentk pmuntem femind fenfum : 
 
 At , vclut txbaufitt redimutu pullulet and 
 hummus, & e plena femper tollatur aceruo, 
 Non vnqaam reputant quant i fua gaudia comieni. 
 
 In am 
 
fefc mm qd (ibi ffi damnum apparat. 49 
 
 The rauening wolfe, by kinde my mortal! foe ; 
 Yet lo, infbrfde, I rbfter vp her whelpe : 
 "Who aftenvarde , as it did ftronger growe, 
 Thoughe as my owne, I longe the fame did helpe: 
 Yet j Goulde I not contcnte it with my teate, 
 But that my lelre, hee rent to be his meate. 
 
 No willingc minde , to pleafe him might (uffife , 
 
 No dilligence i to geue the tyraunte liicke, 
 
 Though whelpiuSe daies, his nature did difguife, 
 
 Yet time at lengthe vnto my euell lucke j 
 
 Bewrayde his harte^ a waminge good to thofc, 
 Whoe in theire howfe , doe fofter vp theire foes. 
 
 For, thoughe throughe neede they frendlie fecme a while, 
 Or childifhe yeares , do cloke their cancker'd minde, 
 Althoughe Tome doe 5 releeue diem in exile, 
 And fpend theire goodes, in hope to alter kindc: 
 
 Yet all theire loue , and care to doe them good; 
 
 Suchc will forgetr, and feeke to Ipill theire blood- 
 
 G Garrn~ 
 
 Kic. Reufnemy. 
 
 Impafluh ftaOxlH fxuit ■ 
 iHfsus:.vbere taptos 
 
 Ditamatcjue fetus mi- 
 fern cum matt thus 
 agnot. 
 
 ClaudiusMinois c 
 Grarco. 
 
 1S{utrints per me, tan- 
 dan f era ftuiet m me. 
 
 Vertere naluram 
 gratia nulla j<cte£}. 
 
 And. Afciat. 
 Improbiiai i.uits Jk&>~ 
 Pit Qbjeqitu. 
 
Garrulltas. 
 
 Ecclefiatt. 20. 
 Qui mulns ru- 
 tin verbis , Ixdet 
 animainfuim. 
 
 Paradsfus posticus. 
 "Vernon vna dies, non 
 
 vn<t reducit hirundc: 
 fttuitiplui vigilant pm- 
 
 detitia furpt at/ X'fii. 
 
 Horat.i.Ipift.?. 
 Stilacitus pajcifi jtsf- 
 
 fit ctruur. Iialxrct 
 Plui dapu,£rrix£ mat. 
 
 Uritimti, inuidtnqtH. 
 
 BE t i m e when! fleepe is fweete , the chartringe. fwallowe cries, 
 And doth awake the wearied wighte , before he Would arife:' 
 Which carpes the pradnge crewe, whoe like of biblin^e befte* 
 
 tounges doc make him almofte deafe, that fame would take 
 hi&jrciL 
 
 Ghttre adolefcens s ytm fenex, 
 
 buid.i. ktx., , 
 X)um t-ttei anm^ne p.- 
 
 nut t»ltoAUl*i»res, 
 Tmvnnet .:*cif» ut?* 
 
 u* j&nwt* pi<k. ■ 
 
 \7\7 H 1 LS T y° ut h e doth lafte , with liuelie fappe, and ftrengthe., 
 V V With fwcare of browe , fee that for age. thou toyle : 
 Antl when rhe fame , arrefteth thee at lengthe. 
 Then take thy reft, let youngiinges woike , andmoyle: 
 
 And vie thy goodes, winch thou in yowthe hafte wonnc* 
 To chearc thy harre, wbi'ft that -thy glaue fhal xormc. 
 
ZJst<e 9 ant mortt. 
 
 Within one flower, two contraries -remaine-, 
 For proofe behouide , the fpider , and the bee, 
 One poilon fuckes, the bee doth honie draine* 
 The Scripture foe, hath two effeclcs we fee: 
 Vnto the bad, it is a fivorde that flaies, 
 Vnto the good , a fhielde in ghoftiie fraies. 
 
 Nil fsnnm , fed njfus. 
 
 To. Pr 
 
 T>e liuera & fpiritft, 
 S. Paulus Cor. x. 
 tsTp-. j. , 
 
 PArtfdifu's poeticos. 
 Vfiit ahtft vtAVHit > 
 ceMfcdefttmwt tt>» i 
 *AI\mi lantfcta fir- 
 tilitatt fcatit. 
 
 Nen thilum i qdeuit 
 *fu ingtitiofa- titjxmim 
 FhrtXjid c ie&e gte- 
 rnw^Ui Itgtt. 
 
 T H e Hippocrites , that m,ake fo great a (howe, 
 Of San&itie , and of Religion {ounde, 
 Are hHaddowes meerc, and with out fubftance goe, 
 And beinge m'de , are but diflemblers fbunde. 
 
 Theife are compar'de , vnto the Oftiiche faire, 
 "Whoc fpteades hot winges, yet fealdomc tries the aire. 
 
 G X fQTtijftfM4 
 
 'Marriotts f. 
 
 t)tnptn alut vtrhu, 
 vutiiam beni^nt 
 
 fan) mihi lam ntttU 
 
5* 
 
 Fortijjima minimis mterdum cedunt. 
 
 Aelian.Oc varia hi- 
 ftdrialib 6 cap.iu 
 
 Ouii. 2. Reraed. 
 Anions. 
 
 Parua necat mer{U /pa- 
 tiofum vtpci a taurums 
 cunt non magna 
 pspeieneturoper. 
 
 Th e fcarlet cloathe, dothe make the bull to feare. 
 The culler white, the Olephant dothe fhunne. 
 The crowinge cocke, the Lion quakes to Heare. 
 The fmoke of cloathe , dothe make the ftagge to runne* 
 All which doe fhowe, wee no mm fhoulde difpi/e, 
 Butthinke howe harme, the fimpleft maie deuife. 
 
 InitMiSy infrmitas fubkBa. 
 
 And. Alriat. 
 
 JE 1 -** inluta manens 
 •miiyne dibttitm. 
 
 Th e mightie fifhe, deuowres the little frie - t 
 If in the deepe a they venture for to ftaie, 
 If vp they fwimme , newe fees with watchinge flte, 
 The caruoraunte, and Seamcwe, for theire praie:' 
 Betweeoe thefe two , the frie is ftill deftrofde, 
 Ah feeble ftatc, on euerie fide anoi'de. 
 
 In 
 
^fn dies meliord. 
 
 T h e greedie Sowc tb ionge as mee dothc finde , 
 Some fcatteringes lefte , of harucft vndcr foote 
 She forward goes and neuer iookes behindc, 
 While anie fweete retnayneth for to roote, 
 
 Euen foe wee Thoulde, to goodnes euerie daie 
 Still further pafle * and not to turne nor ftaie. 
 
 huxurioforum opes. 
 
 On craggie rockes , and haughtie mounraines toppe, 
 Vntimelie frui&e , one fower figtree growes : 
 Whereof, no good mankinde at all doth croppe, ' 
 But femes alone, the rauens, and the crowes : 
 
 So fooles , theire goodes vnro no goodnes vfe, 
 But flatterers fecde , or wafte them on the ftewes. 
 
 G 3 
 
 Tsfic Reufyftui. 
 win lutumquc fit 
 
 dgemef 
 
5 4 eAgtntes, ffi confenttentts y parip&na pmknS, 
 
 ATrompetrer, the Captaines captiue leade, 
 Whoe pardon crau'de , and (aide, he did no harrac : 
 And for his life, with tiemblinge longe did pleade, 
 Whereat , quoth they /and hal'de him by the armet 
 
 Althobghe, thie haride did neuer ftnke a frroke-, 
 Yet with thie winde, thou others did'ft prouokc. 
 
 fa qmtaor &nm temper a. 
 
 Wc.Rnnfnerasde 
 Ficedula. 
 
 Cum me ficas *tat : 
 titptfiar dulabui -/nit: 
 far pottus nomen 
 tun detki intamtlit' 
 
 Y fwaliowes note, the Springe wee vnderftande, 
 The Cuckowe comes , ere Sommer doth beginner 
 The vinefinche mowes , that harueft is at hande: 
 The Chaffinche finges, when Winter commeth in.* 
 
 Which times they keepe , that man therebie maie knowe, 
 Howe Seafons chaunge , and tymes do come and goe. 
 
Tar nam culinam, duohm ganeomhus non fufficere. 5 5 
 
 I 
 
 N fmalle, and little thinges , there is no gaine at all, AnJr.Alciat. 
 Onegroaue.maie not two redbreaftes feme, but euermore they brail. ^^ttZbuuT 
 
 Cunffia. compleSIt yelk 3 ftultum. 
 
 h ET TVTTO ABBRACCIOi 
 I ETNVIXA STRINGO y 
 
 The little boyes^ that (trine with all theire mighre, 
 To caiche the belles, or bubbles , as they fall : 
 in vaine they feeke , for why , they vanifhe righce, 
 Yet ftill they ftxuie, and are deluded all : 
 
 So , they that like all acres , that can bee thoughtc, 
 Doe comprehende not anie, as they oughte. 
 
 Mm 
 
} Aim peccat ; alius pk$itm\ 
 
 HT h e angne dogge doth turne vnto the ftone, 
 -** When it is calte, and bytes the fame for ire, 
 And not purfues, the fame that hathe it throwne, 
 But with the fame, fulfilled! his defire: 
 Euen Co , theyr arc that doe bothe fighte , and brail, 
 With guiltleffe men , when wrathe dothe them inflame, 
 And mortall foes , they deale not with at all, 
 ■But let them paffe, to theire rebuke 3 and iliame; 
 And in a rage , on innocentes do ronne, 
 And turne from them 3 that all the wronge hauc dohne. 
 
 Ami. Aluat* Sic pkrique fmunt veros elabier hoUety 
 
 Ms. cyus nulla grauat noxia, dsntt fttunt* 
 
JEihiopm lauare. 
 
 Leave of with paine , the blackambre to fkowre, 
 With wafhinge ofte 3 and wipinge more then due: 
 For thou fhalt finde., that Nature is of powre, 
 Doe what thou canfte, to keepe his fbrmet hue: 
 Thoughe with a fbrke 3 wee Nature thruile awatc, 
 Shee turnes againe j if wee withdrawe our hande: 
 And thoughe, wee ofte to conquer her alTaie, 
 Yet all in vaine, fhee turnes if MM wee ftande: 
 Then euermore , in what thou doeft alTaie, 
 Let reafon rule , and doe the thinges thou maie. 
 
 Efaftnus<xtucian*. 
 
 jfftva cjui» dtfmu arte? 
 
 Hand vncfui effcies 
 rttx fit "Jt atra t din. 
 ^orat.i.E^ift.to. 
 jiaturam expfUtu fitr- 
 ti. ttmtn vfaite- .fit* 
 turret. 
 
 equtufy 
 
 Nunquam ex dege/ieri fiet generojiu afello, 
 Et mnqmm ex jhitdo cordatus fiet fib arte. 
 
 H 
 
 Anulus inpift. 
 poeJi. 
 
5 S 
 
 fAQm dob s fed 'd. 
 
 KtWia.it var. 
 Hift.lib.j.caaiJ. 
 
 Hp h e ape , did reache for Cheftnuttes in the fire, 
 
 JBut fearinge muche , the burninge of his toes, 
 Perforce was bar'de, longe time from his defire: 
 But at thelengthe, he with a whelpe did clofe, 
 And thruile his foote , into the Embers quick, 
 And made him , pull the Cheftnuttes out perforce: 
 Which fhewes , when as ambition fowle doth prick, 
 The hattes of fcinges, then there is no remorce, 
 But oftentimes , to aunlwere theire defire, 
 The fubie&es fcele, both famine, fworde, and fire, 
 
 Horar. lib. I. 
 £i>ift..A. 
 
 Quicqutd delimit reges* plettumur Achhi. 
 
 Nimium 
 
Th e loftie Pine , that one the raountaine growes, 
 Andlpreadesherarmes, with braanches freme > &: greene, 
 The raginge windes , on fodaine ouerthrowesi 
 And makes her ftoope, that longe a rarre was fcene : 
 So they , that trufte to muche in fortunes frailes* 
 T houghe worlde do laughe , and wealthe doe mode abounde, 
 When lefte they thinke , are often fnar'de with wyles, 
 And from alofte, doo hedlonge fall to grounde: 
 Then put no trufte, in anie worldlie thinges, 
 For frowninge fate, throwes downe the mfghtie Idnges. 
 
 Sapius ventis agkatuf ingens Hor. Cann. * 
 
 Ttrnu , & celfe grauiore cafii t0 « 
 J)ecidttnt turusiferiuntque fttmmt 
 lulmm* mantes. 
 
 ft tecidiy (unii'tifc mm fttgere %uinam Quid. j.Tnft.j. 
 
 Vtifiqfte amitu terga dedere mu. 
 
 H * Sikntium* 
 
6o 
 
 Sdentium. 
 Ad d. t. c. M. 
 
 De laudc filetuij 
 Aul. Cel. lib. ii. 
 «r*p. 10. idem dc va- 
 niloquio lib. i. 
 «api if. 
 
 ythagoras, vnto his fchollcrs gaue, 
 A This leflbnTtrfte, that filence they fhoiild keepe: 
 And this, wee reade Philofophcrs mode graue, 
 Yea in thcire hartes,this Princes printed deeper 
 
 V l i s s e s wordes weare fpare , but rightlie placd: 
 This, Nestor lik'de. Lycvrgvs thisimbrae'dc. 
 
 tpami^ondas ceie- Tn j s f arn0 ns made EpaminondAs boulde : 
 
 bratur apud Pmda- .. , 
 
 rum qui.quanqmm By this , great praile did Demaratvs game ; 
 muirafcirec pauca xhis , Athens made to rcuerence Zeno oulde: 
 
 tamen loquebatur. * , .. . „ . 
 
 Simonides condemned ipeaches vaine, 
 locum fuintpani- Whofe fayinsc was, my wordes repentance had, 
 But Silence yet, did newer make race lad. 
 
 nunquam. 
 
 Cato lib. i. 
 Prtximus Hie ia t qui 
 firtntioiie tttierc. 
 
 dr. i. cap, i <;. 
 Corncmfunt viirtt bo. 
 
 nos, coUo-jUiApraua. 
 Dt vaniloquo. 
 7attl.Ti!??i>th.2. .cef.t. 
 
 Guill.till. 
 FJ't vttt *f tartar 1a- 
 nu* tipgutntw. 
 
 And Cato fayetR : That man is next to God, 
 Whoe fquarcs his fpeache , in reafons rightmll frame': 
 For idle wordes , God thrcatneth with his rodde^ 
 And foyeth, wee muft giuc rcckoninge for the fame: 
 
 Sain£t P a v l e hkcwiie , this fiuke doth fnarplie tutche; 
 
 And oftentimes, condemneth bablinge mutche. 
 
 One calles the tounge, the gate of life, and deathe, 
 Which wifelie vfd, cxtollcth men on earthe: 
 Which lewdlie yf dc , depriucth men of breathe, 
 
 And 
 
6i 
 
 And makes them mourne } whoe might haue liu'de in mirthc: 
 For euell wordes, pierce fharper then a fworde, 
 Which ofte wee rue, thoughe they weare fpoke in boordc. 
 
 Not that diftroyes, into the mowthe that goes, 
 But that diftroyes , that forthe thereof dotli cbmme: 
 Foe wordes doe wound* , the inwarde man with woes, 
 Then wifelie fpcake , or better to bee dommc 
 
 The tounge , althowghe it bee a member fmatt. 
 
 Of man it is the beft, or worfte of ail. 
 
 The foolc, is thought with filence to be wife, 
 But when he prates, him felfe he dothe bewraye: 
 And wife men frill-, the babler doe dirpife, 
 Then keepe a watche 1 when thou; hafte owght to Ctic % 
 
 What labour lefle, then for to houldc thy peace. 
 
 Which aged daies , with quiet doth increafc. 
 
 Th'i£gyptians woe, and other nations farre, 
 Vnto this ende , Harpocrates deutfde, 
 Whofe finger , ftill did feeme his mouthe to barrc, 
 To bid them fpeake, no more then that iuflirMc, 
 
 Which figne thoughe oulde,weemay not yet deteft. 
 But marke it well, if wee will liue in refte. 
 
 Pet. t. ttf^ |. 
 Qui enim vafr v«*- 
 ta:n diligeia,- flc'd'rt 
 V/dcie bono*: cder- 
 ceat lingo* i malo. 
 
 . Marc, j. 
 Nihil eft Jttfa ho- 
 mimtn inuoiens \v- 
 eum ,'quod poflir 
 eu >coinquin»re, 
 qtfx ie hnminspio 
 
 Hor.'i. Sermi;4< 
 Foigett <j*i ton. vifi 
 
 P»tefl t chm 'tjftCt»uT» 
 Hut neqmr: hii mgtr- 
 
 tff y hunt r» Romarte 
 
 i/tueto. 
 
 ©u'td. ». Atftftt.t 
 
 Jgujt mlr.nr iff .iffttnn 
 qiiitn tMuifrllt&or ? 
 
 Horat.i. Fp.j.?. 
 Wee tetintnt patuU 
 mtjpifidtliieraurtst 
 
 Wttwrch. in Merit 
 
 Written to the like effefte, vppon 
 
 Video 3 ffl taceo. 
 
 Her MaieUies pee fie , at the great Lotter'te in London, 
 begon u. d. lxviii. and ended m. d« txix. 
 
 I See, andhoulde my peace: a Princelie Poelie righ tc, 
 Foe euerie faulte, (houlde not prouoke,a Prince, -or man of mightc. 
 For if that Iove fhoulde fhoote, fo ofte as men offende, 
 The Poettes faie, his thunderboltes fhoulde foone bee at in ende. 
 Then happie wee that haue, a Princefie fb inclin'de. 
 That when as iuftice drawes hir fworde, hath mercie in her minde, 
 And to declare the fame, howe prone fhee is to faue: 
 Her Maieftie did make her choice , this Poefie for to haue. 
 
 Sed ptgerad pcewts princeps , ad protniia velox: 
 Clique dolet, quoties cogitur ejfe ferox. 
 
 H 3 Atn'tciiU 
 
 Ouid.i.Trift, . 
 S> queries peciit hemi- 
 nes fun fu'.mina ymtraS 
 
 Tufii-cr, txigue tern* 
 port intrmiierit. 
 
 Ouid.i.i'On 
 
Tq R. T, and M. C. Efquiers. 
 
 Vugi! Sn Moegwit- 
 »»■ obifuai. 
 
 A Withered Elme , whofc boughes weare bare of leaues 
 And fappe s was funke with age into the roote: 
 A frui&efull vine , vnto her bodie eleaues> 
 Whofe grapes did hange, from toppe vnto the footer 
 And when the Elme, was rotten, due, and dead, 
 His braunches ilill , the vine abowt it fprcad. 
 
 Which fhowes , wee ihoulde be linck'de with fiich a frendc, 
 . . That might rcuiue , and lielpe when wee bee otilde: 
 t,b, f, mf „ amuw, And when wee koope , and drawe vnto our ende, 
 t J!lP$<ZT Our ftaggering ftatc., to helpc for to vphoulde: 
 ?£,Fi T*f* Z' Yea , when wee mall be like a fencelene block, 
 ~r p- That for our fakes, will ftili imbrace our ftock. 
 
 ttnm* meant tjfhtui, 
 
 ouid.j.Poat. A , i ire iubet Pyiades cbarum per'uwrus OttHem; 
 
 His negai .jn<fo vicem pugnat vterque mm* 
 Mxtius hoc vnum quod non conuenerat iUti : 
 Casra pars couem, & jme lite fun. 
 
^Totentifftmus ajfcffus 3 amor, 
 
 T h e Lions grirame , l>ehoulde , doc not refifte, 
 But yealde them felues , and Cupiddes chariot drawe s 
 And with one liande , he guydes them where he liftc^ 
 With th'other hande , he keepes them ftili in awe: 
 
 Theye couche , and drawe , and do the whippe abide, 
 And iaie rheire fierce and crewel! mindes alide. 
 
 If Cupid then , bee of facTi mightie force, 
 That creatures fierce } and brutime kinde he tames : 
 Oh mightie Iove, vouchfafe to fliowe remorfe, 
 Heipc feeble man, and pittie tender dames: 
 
 Let Africke wildc , this tyrauntes force indure, 
 
 If not alas, howe can poorc man bee fure. 
 
 Quern non mtUe fera , quern tion Sthenelelm ht>8U 9 VuiA. Epift, 9. 
 
 pewit imo y 'tmm, vimt amor. 
 
ante pedes. 
 
 To I. I. Efqukr. 
 
 Ouid. i. Afft 
 Sit nt ftrdiderit not* 
 cejptt perdert tufbr,. 
 
 Et veuocac cupidaf 
 dea ffpt dwiw. 
 
 Seu. H3pp* t m 
 
 Not for out felues, alone wee are create, 
 But for our frendes, and for our countries good: 
 And thofe , that are vnto theire frendes Migrate, 
 And not regarde theire oflpringe, and- theire bloody 
 Or hee , that waftes his fupftance till he begges, 
 Or felles his landes , whiche ferude his parentes well: 
 Is like the hemic , when fhee hathe iay'de her egges, 
 That fuckes thetu vp and teaues the ernptie fheU, 
 Euen fo theire fpoile, to theire reproche, and fhamc, 
 Vndocth theire heltCj and quite decayetktiieirensuiie I 
 
 QmfquU fecundk reSUs txulUt mm, 
 Iluitifo luxu , femper infolita uppetent, 
 Hunc, ill* mugriA dura, fortune come* 
 Subit libido r nort ptacfttt fifetie dopes, 
 Nm teclaJknimWi am rilis ubw i &c. 
 
<PAutuwn attxilwm. 
 
 To R. Cotton Efquiev, 
 
 "I"* h e blynde, did beare the lame vn«ton his backe, 
 X The-burthen, did dire&e the bearors waies : 
 
 With, mutuail belpe, they feru'd eche others lacke, 
 
 And euery one, their freodly league did praife : 
 
 The lame lente eies , the blynde dfd lend his fecte 9 
 And they fefe, did paffe hotb fcelde ,,and hxeetc; 
 
 Some lande aboundes , yet hatbe the fame her -Wante, 
 
 Some yeeldes her lacke, and wantes the others ftore: 
 
 No man io ritche, but is in feme thinge fearrte, 
 
 The greate eftate , imtft not dr^fie: the pore : 
 
 Hee woike9 ,and toyles , arid makes* his {bowlders beare, 
 The xitche agayne, giues foode * and clothes', «co wcare* 
 
 So without poore , the fifche are like the lame: 
 And without ritche, the poore are like the blynde r 
 Let ritche lend cies ? the poore his legges wal* frame, 
 Thus fhpulde yt bee. For Co tbe Lome ai'fign'cl, 
 Whoe-at the firfte, for mutual! fcendmip fakei 
 Not all gaue oree, but did this difference make. 
 
 Whereby, witb trade, and mtercQUtle, iff /pace, 
 
 And borrowinge heare, and lendinge there agayne: 
 
 Such loue, luch truthe r iueh kyndnes, fhoulde take place 3 
 
 i That 
 
 <2aama itt moiaiaw- 
 Xitij net ;fljtas . dim m 
 c5.uuni hac vies hu- 
 mans Ibcietate mui- 
 tis rnodis inrelligi po- 
 teft : in oils- homo 
 Jiomi'iis ope irlajiirne 
 ind'gei , adeo yt in' 
 prouerbiurT' afcittic , 
 homo horriini Deuss 
 tarn veto in ipfa cor? 
 poris huinani confti- 
 m<ione 8c fabrica !u- 
 ea'en.titfime apparet. 
 Neque cnirn homo 
 fubfirtcre vlla.ratlone 
 pofiit , mfi membra 
 sorporu mur.uum fi- 
 biauxiimmprscftetit. 
 Qsiji enim, futurumi 
 efjety mfi oculi pedes" 
 Sti injjiellum dirige- 
 rent- riifi rurfum pe- 
 des cot pus mouerent 4 
 Dfi/i manus ori cibii,.- 
 os ventritiiloac.q. he* 
 psti , hepat p^Veriag 
 vniaerfo corpo.r; aii- 
 jneiuum JuggereictJ 
 NJhil'uaque eft quod 
 jiec fcipfum fine ai-. 
 terms auxilio , coil, 
 ftaife , am vint- fuam 
 "ic perpetfcitaiem COn- 
 {fcEtiate pdiHi. 
 
Hof.t.ferm.t. 
 Hath pro/nut ft Hutu . 
 
 hcuvt natura neyue 
 
 Mum, 
 Nt'c-mi, Hfc fttnqtuun 
 
 fittutt, &c. 
 Ambnius in Epig. 
 
 66 
 
 Hut frendfhipp ^wkh fcdetie mould raigne^ 
 
 The prouerbe fatdfh , one man is deemed none., 
 And life, its deathe, where men doo hue alone. 
 
 Non eft diues opum , diues: nec -pauper faffpsfc 
 itifelix ; alio nec magti alter eget. 
 
 Elites eget gemmu ; Ctiieali munere pauper. 
 Sed chm egeant amH. t pauper egens minns eft. 
 
 In rvtrumsjue paratus. 
 
 T* Iohn Payton Efquier. 
 
 x £iH.«p. 4. TT7 hen Sanabal Hjeru&iem diftreft, 
 
 VV With fliarpe aflaultes , in N e h e m 1 a s cyme: 
 To wane, and worke,the Iewes them felues addreit, 
 And did repaire theire walles, with ftone, and lime: 
 One hande the fwordc , againft the foe did lhake. 
 The other hande, the troweli vp did take. 
 
 Of valiant mindes, loe here, a worthie parte, 
 OH.d.i.pont.4.^ ^| iat q Ua j] ec j notf w j t jj l njine G f theire wall: 
 
 Ntp.it> qua notukfi, 
 dulxdtxc cunElvi 
 
 Du<->( , immemt 
 >,''.it*nfimte<ftfa 
 
 But Captamesboulde, did prooue the maibns arte. 
 Which doth inferre, this lerTon vmo all: 
 
 That to defende , our countne deare from harme, 
 For warre , or worke, wee cyther hande mould arme. 
 
 Mf*rm 
 
%Murm mem ^ fan a confclentia. 
 
 To Miles Hob art Ifquler. 
 
 *7 
 
 Bothe frefhe,and greene, die Laurefl ftandeth fbunde, J^ c ;^"k««: % . 
 Thoughe lightninges flaffhe, andthunderbokesdo flie: 
 "Where, other trees are blafted to the grotmde, tm^i^fZt* 
 Yet , not one leafe of it, is withered drie-, 
 Euen Co , tlie man that hathe a confeicnee cleare, 
 When wicked men , doe qaake at euerie blafte, 
 Doth conftant ftancle , and dothe no perrilles feare, 
 When tempeftes rage , doe make the worlde agafte : 
 Suche men are like vnto the Laurell tree, 
 The others 3 like the blafted boughes that die. 
 
 Integer o»M f fcelerutft funu- 
 No» eger Matin 'wwlii nec *rcH t 
 Hw venenatis gunida fa&mis, 
 fufce fhamm- 
 
 Sine per Syrtts iter tttnofas 
 Sine fathm per inhoftitakm 
 CwAfim, W qua hat fabzhfiv 
 
 Lambit Hydafyes* 
 
 I % 
 
 HoiM.Carro.ai* 
 
 •Sic- 
 
6% Sk difcerne. 
 
 79 Tho, Stvtvile Efquier. 
 
 T N fruidefuii feilde amid the goodlie croppc, 
 •*-Tlic hurtrull tares, and deraell ofte doe growc, 
 And many, times , doe mounte aboue the toppe 
 Of higheft eorne : But fkilfall man dash knowe, 
 When graine is ripe , with fine to purge the fecdes, 
 From chafe, and dufte, and aii the other wcedes. 
 
 ouhM. Trift. 4. By which is meat, ,fith wicked men abounde, 
 ifrj,? g ^j£t That harde it is , the good from fcad to trie : 
 fijSs.'S?**' The P ru< ^ent forte , iiioulde haue fuche iudgemcnt /oundc* 
 That ftill the good chey mouide from bad defcric: 
 Ajid (ifte die good , and to dileerne their deedes, 
 And weyc die bad * um bettct then the weedes. 
 
 IMtrw* 
 
Interior* n>\dt. 
 
 I« George brooke Efquier. 
 
 'T' Hough outwarde thinges 3 doe trimmed braue,appeare, 
 
 And lightes at firfte , doe aunfwere thie defire, 
 Yet, inwarde partes, if that they fhine not cleare, 
 Sufpe&e the ferae , and backe in time retire: 
 For inwardlie, foch deadlie foes rnaie lurke, 
 As when wee craft, mate our deftru&ion worke. 
 
 Though bewtie rare , bee farrc and ncare rendurride, 
 Though Natures giftes, and fortunes doe exeell : 
 Yet, if the minde , with heinous crimes abounde> 
 And nothing good with in the fame doc dwell: 
 Regarde it not , but fhonne the outward fhowc, 
 Vntili, thou doe the inwarde vertues knowc. 
 
 Virtut omnia in fe babct, omnia adfunt bona, quern riaut.in AmpM, 
 
 Tewflvirw, 
 
 I 3 ZortunA 
 
7° 
 
 Fortuna anrtufem fwperms. 
 
 To Fr. W. Efquier. 
 
 Simile de Aiace fe- 
 iplum interfvcieni< 
 (Kipet cuius tumu- 
 liim virtus plorans 
 pi!> falfo iudicio^) 
 apparet ante, folio 
 nicefimo. Nam 
 cum Achi'.Hs anna 
 p*r Agameitinonis 
 iudkium,VlyIfi a,d- 
 iudicabannifi Aiax 
 illius iniuiia; impa- 
 tiens, & poftca ia- 
 finus, feiplum -in. 
 tcrficifbat , lie ia» 
 tjuiens vt Ouid ha» 
 het i j.Metamorph. 
 jrfeeiora qui film, qui 
 firrum,tgntmqut, It - 
 
 uimcjue, :) ' 
 Suflirittit u>ties,vnam 
 
 nan fuHmet iram : 
 InuiBumq. virit vkxi 
 
 dolor j artipit enftm : 
 fit mem hie arte eft, 
 
 an ir hunc Jib: pofiit 
 
 Vtyjfcs? 
 ifocmt, utedumeSfin 
 
 me mihi, qui^.crunre 
 SxpePhjgur/i madait, 
 
 dornini nunc usdtmar- 
 
 debit) 
 Ne cjiiifquam ^iiacar, 
 
 fefiit fupcrare , mji 
 
 Dfttit , & in peftus, 
 
 When Br vtv s Jaiewe, Avgvstvs parte preuaii'de, 
 And (awe his frendes, licbleedinge on the grounde, 
 Suche deadlie gnefe , his noble harte aflail'de,. 
 That with hisiworde, hee did him felfe con founder 
 But firfte , his frendes perfwaded him to flee, 
 Whoe aunrwer'd tha? , my flighte with handes fhaibee. 
 
 And bending then to blade , his bared brefte, 
 Hee did pronounce, theife wordes with courage great' 
 Oh Prowes- vaine , I longe did loue thee befte, 
 But nowe 5 1 fee j thou doeft on fortune waite, 
 Wherefore with paine, I nowe doe prooueit true. 
 That fortunes force y maie valiant hartes fubduc. 
 
 FJJcs- 
 
Tides non dppdremium. 71 
 
 To Barthram Calthorpe ifqvm. 
 
 Th e fftThcrman , doth cafte his nettes in lea, 
 In hope at lengthe. an happie hale to haue, 
 And is content , longe time to paule , and ftaie, 
 Thoughe, nothinge clles hee Iee,be(ides the waue: 
 Yet , onelie truft for thinges vnfeenedothe feme, 
 Which feedes him oftc, till he doth almofte ftexue. 
 
 If fiflhermen, liaue then luche conftant hope, 
 For hidden thinges , and fuch as doe decaie. 
 Let Chtiftians then , the eies of faitlie houlde ope, 
 And thinke not longe , for that which laftes for ate, 
 
 And on Go d s worde, thcire hope to anchor rafte^ 
 
 Whereof eache iote , flialbee fulfii'de at lafte. 
 
 Non hue mAttato ctelettia numina gaudcnt, Ouid. Epift it, 
 
 Se& t em<t funanda. eft & fine teste, fide. 
 
 Virtm 
 
7i 
 
 Virtus Vntta 3 vdet. 
 
 Orndtifi. imemhut nsuem fiatribm Ghorcii 
 B v r g oine atmigcri F. I. 
 
 h e furging Sea., doth (aire 3 and fweete rcmaine, 
 X And is preierude with working , to and froet 
 And not corruptcs, nor lurFreth anic ftaine, . 
 Whiles in his boundes , the fame doth ebbe , andfbwc: 
 But if it wafte , and forth by flutes fall;, 
 It ibone corruptes > and hath no force at all. 
 
 The arrowes fharpe, that in one flleafe are bounde, 
 Are harde to breake , while they are ioined fare, 
 But feuer them 3 then feeble are they founde, 
 So where as loue 3 and Concorde 3 doth indure : 
 
 A little force 3 doth mighcilie preuailej 
 
 "Where Princes powers > with hate and ducorde qujilc. 
 
 Gxatiam 
 
Gratiam referendum. 73 
 
 See heare the ftorke prouides with tender care, 
 And brmgeth rneate, vnto her hatched, broode: 
 They like againe , for her they doe prepare, 
 "When.ftiee is oulde , and can not get her foode? 
 Which teacheth feothe, the parente and die childe, 
 Theire duties heare, which eche to other owe: 
 Firft., fathers mult be prouident, and milde, 
 Vnto theire frui&e , rill they of age doe growe: 
 And children mufte with dutie {till proceede, 
 To reuerence them , sxiA helpe them if they neede. 
 
 Aelianos lib, xo» 
 cap. 16. 
 
 Idem libro 8. 
 cap. xx. vbi de 
 natura C iconic 
 mira fabula. 
 
 Defeffum fmur portare Ckoma f rtrem, 
 nine iUa $'mm fanfta notiw aue. 
 
 K 
 
 Paradi/a* pot 
 ilea* 
 
7^ 
 
 tAuaritk. 
 
 Ouid. Mctam. 
 lib. 4. 
 
 Horat. ferna.i 
 Sat. i. 
 
 e are TANTALVs,as Poettes doe deume, 
 This guerdon hathe , for his oftence in hell: 
 The pleafonce fruite , dothe to his lippe decline, 
 A riuer faire vnto his chinne doth fweil: 
 
 Yec,twtxt theie two, for foode the wretche dothe fterue, 
 For bothe doe flee, when they his neede fhoulde (erue. 
 
 The eouetons man, this fable reprehcndcs, 
 For chaunge his name , and T antalvs hce is, 
 Hee dothe abounde, yet fterues and nothing fpendes, 
 But keepes his goulde , as if it weare not his : 
 With (lender fate , he doth his hunger feede, 
 And dare not touche his ftorc, when hee doth neede. 
 
 Jitiens fugtentia capiat 
 Flumina, quid rides* mutato nomine de te 
 FabuU natratur , congcfiit vndique faccti 
 Indormk mh'tms: & tanquam par cere facrjs 
 
 0 Vit4» 
 
Hp O Cawcafas , behoulde Phomethevs chain'de, S!T°L? 0<Josf ' 
 
 Whofe liucr ftill , a greedic gripe dothe rente: 
 He neuer dies, and yet is alwaies painde, 
 With tortures dire, by which the Poettes mcnt, 
 
 That hee, that ftill amid miffoxtunes ftandes, 
 
 Is forrowcs flaue, and bounde in laftingo bandes. 
 
 For, when that gricfe doth grate vppon our gall, 
 Or forging Teas, of forrowes mofte doe fwell, 
 That life is deathe , and is no life at all, 
 The liuer rente, it dothe the conicience tell: 
 
 Which being lannch'de, and prick'd, with inward Catc, 
 
 Although wee Hue, yet ftill wee dyinge arc 
 
 Qualttcr in Sepbica feligttus rupe Frtmethm, Martial, life, j . 
 
 Afidaam nimio pctm poult auem, &c. 
 
 K z Conar- 
 
 Horav.tpia.i. 
 
 ~bic rxwrut aha* 
 Htuictit, 
 NUct»''dri/iii % tusSm 
 paUtficTt atifa. 
 
Concordia 
 
 And. Alcfot. 
 fadtru hac Jpeciu : id 
 babtt con<»rdiafignum , 
 Vt quouungit amor, 
 
 iwi£t( <<r ipfamanui. 
 
 OF kinges, and Princes greate, lo, Concorde ioynes the handes: 
 And knittes theire fubie<5tes hartes in one , and wealths makes 
 theire Landes. 
 
 It bloodie broiles dothe hate, and Enuie doune dome thrufte, 
 And makes the Souldiour leatne to plowghe , and let his armour rude. 
 
 Cim fHer*m refft 
 trtuifrt Ctraunit vtli 
 
 Vtftrauttartm /a- 
 X*, mcnendm eram. 
 Nunc mihi naufragu 
 quidpndejf dicere jkRt 
 
 Qua Mea detuirit 
 
 'Rgmecbum tempe&iuum fit. 
 
 Th rovg he rafed Wall , a ferpente backwarde flydes, 
 And yet, before her poiibned head appeare, 
 The prudent man , for fafetie that prouides, 
 Doth ftnke at firfte , in dowte of further feare : 
 
 So all men fhoulde, when they to daunger dreede, 
 With all their force , preuent the lame with fpeede*. 
 
 Sen 
 
Sero fdpwnt Vhryges. 
 
 77 
 
 MP* h e prouerbc faiech , fo longe the potre to water goes, 
 
 JL Thar^r the iengthe it broke returnes , which is appli'de to thofe. 
 That ionge«Wifh wyles , and fhifres, 41 haue cloaked wicked partes, 
 "Whoc haue at Iengthe bene paied home, and had'rheire iuft dciertes. 
 Eucn as the flymieeele, that ofte^dtd flfppe awaie, 
 Yet, with figge leaues at Iengthe was catch'de, & made the fiflhet s prate. 
 
 Tibal.i.^. 
 
 *Ah mifer , & ft quit 
 pnmo feriuria c-clgt, 
 Sera tamen tacttu 
 fana vtitit ptdibui. 
 
 Dam <-viuo } profam. 
 
 AN aged tree , whofe fappe is almofte fpente , 
 Yet yeeldes her boughes , to warme vs in the ooulde 
 And while it growes , her otfallcs ftill be lente, 
 But being falne, to it turneth into moulde, 
 
 And doth no good: foe ere to graue Wee fall, 
 "Wee maie do good , but after none at all. 
 
 K 3 
 
 Vit tua, ium tun pirn, 
 poi rpnrttm tan: iiut 
 ngn font. 
 
 Noli 
 
7« 
 
 Noli altum fapere. 
 
 CUucU. Ruf. 
 —uun non ad culmm4 
 
 return, 
 Iniuflos creuifli que- 
 
 rtr: toliantw in tdtu 
 Vt Up ft mxiore ruant , 
 
 Caro. 
 
 Jititte arcana dei f<8- 
 lumcjue taqnirert 
 quid (it. 
 
 & alius fic. 
 Sithrislitm bene fi'u, 
 JiMutst fittttm neji'u. 
 
 With, lime, and net, the Mauisj and thelarke, 
 The fowler loe , deceaued by his arte : 
 But whittle alofte , he leuel'd at his marke, 
 And did to highe exalte, his hawghtie harte, 
 An adder fell , that in the graffe did lurkc, 
 With poifbned ftinge , did his deftruftion worke. 
 
 Let mortall men, that are buteartbe, and dufte, 
 Not looke to highe, with puffe of wordlie pride: 
 But (ometirne, viewe the place wheretoo they mufte 3 
 And not delighte, the pooreft to deride i; 
 
 Lefte when theire mindes, do mountevnto the {kits. 
 Their fail is wrought , by thinges they doe difpife. 
 
 Some others are , that flthc this applie, 
 To thofe, whoe doe Aftronomie profeffe: 
 Whoe leaue the earthe , and ftudi'e on the fide, 
 As if they couidc , all worldlie thinges expreffe : 
 Yet , when to. knowe the ftarres they take in harfdc, 
 Of daungers nearc, they doe not vnderftande. 
 
S*$uu in mro bibitur Wnenum. 79 
 
 He are Lais fine , doth biaue it on the ftage, 
 With mufkecattes fweete, and all Thee coulde defire : 
 Her beauties beames , did make the youthe to rage. 
 And inwardlie Corinthus fet on fire: 
 
 Bothe Princes-, Peeres, with learned men, and grauc, 
 Wirh humble fute , did Lais fauour craue. 
 
 Not euerie one , mighte to Corinthus goe, 
 The meaninge was, not all mighte Lais loac : 
 The manchet fine,, on highe eftates beftowe, 
 The courfer cheatc , the bafer forte rauft prooue : 
 Faire Helen leaue for MenelAvs grace, 
 And Coridon ,"let M ab lib dill imbrace. 
 
 And thoughe, the poore maie not prcfume aloftc, 
 It is no cauft, they therefore fhoulde difpairc: 
 For with his choifc , doth Irvs ioye as ofte, 
 As dothe the Prince, that hathe a Ven vs faire: 
 No highe eftate, can giue a quiet life, 
 But God it io, that bleflfeth man, and wire. 
 
 Then make thy choile, amongfte thy cquallcs (till. 
 If thou miilikc Dianas fteppes to trace : - 
 Thoughe Paris, had his H el en at his will, 
 Thinke howe his fade , was Ilions foule deface. 
 
 And hec, that mofte the houfe of L a i s hauntes , 
 The more he lookes , the more her face enchaunccs. 
 
 De Laide Aul. Cel. 
 lib t. cap. 8. 
 
 Propertius Eleg.*. 
 Non it» cnmpltbant 
 Ephyrdu LAtiattiet, 
 
 ^Ad cuius UctU Qr*» 
 ■cutou fires. 
 
 Horat. Epift. lib. u 
 Epift; it. 
 
 Ncn ctuuu bomini c*n.. 
 tsngit aim Qntxt. 
 ■tljum. 
 
 C(aud.t. de volnpu 
 Still, fie, 
 
 Bland* quidim vuhu, 
 fid qua nut tttritT 
 
 *U,s, 
 
 tnttriui fitctsU gtnus , 
 
 isrsani&t dtltjts 
 flltcatrii, &t* 
 
go 
 
 Trapoftera fides. 
 
 Anellvs, fendes his corne vnto the mill, 
 Which beinge grounde , he tri de it by the waighte : 
 And finding not the mealure, to his will, 
 Hee ftudicd longe , to learne, the millers fleighte: 
 
 For noe complaintes, coulde make him leaue to fteale, 
 Or fill the facke , witli fume mixed mcale. 
 
 Wherefore , to mill he fcnte his deareft wife, 
 That nighte 3 and daie, fhee mighte the grindinge viewe: 
 Where thee, (kinde harte,) to ende al former ftrife, 
 Did dubbc her Spoufe , one ofVvLCANvs crewe: 
 Oh greedie foole Anellus , of thy graine, 
 And of thy wife 2 too prodigall, and plains. 
 
Tatute lema commkito 
 
 Th e little childe , is pleafde with cockhorfe gaic, 
 Althoughe he afke a courfer of the befte: 
 The ideot likes , with babies for to plaie, 
 And is difgrac'de, when he is brauelie drefle: 
 A motley. coate, a cockefcombcj or a bell, 
 Hcc better likes , then Iewelles that excel!. 
 
 Cbrrt. GsIK 
 Dmer/ii diutrji ih- 
 Htm-.no mnfimarmk 
 Qr/tnm c<>i,iumuaK 
 
 So fondelinges vaine , that doe for honor fue, 
 And (eeke for roomes, that worthie men deferue: 
 The prudent Prince , dothe giue hem ofte their due, 
 Whiche isfaire wordes, that right, their humors (erue; 
 For infantes hande , the rafbr is vnfitte, 
 ftnd fooles vnmeete } in wifedomes feate to iitte. 
 
 L Homi~ 
 
Bl Homines molnftaiibm transformantur. 
 
 Vkgit.Acneic^. 
 OuicL Metam. 
 lib. 14, 
 
 Horat.i, Epift.i, 
 
 Se e here V l i s^s e s men , transformed ftraunge to heare : 
 Some had the Ihape of Goatcs, and Hogges, (bme Apes , and 
 Afles weare. 
 
 Who , when they might haue had their former fftape againe, 
 They did refute , and rather wifh'd , ftill brutifhe to remainc. 
 Which fhowes thofe foolifhe forte, whome wicked loue dothe thrall, 
 Like brutifhe beafte$ do pafle theire time , and haue no fence at all, 
 And rhoughe that wifedomc woulde , they fhoulde againe retire, 
 Yet, they had rather Circes feruc, and burne in theire defire. 
 then , loue the onelie crone , that clogges the worlde with care, , 
 Oh ftoppe your eai , es> and fhuttc your eies, of Circes cuppes beware, 
 
 Skenum voces, & ernes pocula nojli ; 
 Om ft cum ficits ftulm , cupidusq, b'fbiffet, 
 Sub domiua meretrice fuijfet tmpis , & exerts, 
 Vixijfet cam immundm, vel mm luto Jits. 
 
Indicium Taricfo. 
 
 *T i o Parts, here the Goddeties doe pleade: 
 
 With kmgdomes large , did I v n o make her (iitc, 
 And Pallas nexte , with wifedome him aflaide, 
 But V e n v s faire, did whine the goulden fruite. 
 No princelie giftes, nor wifedome he did wey, 
 For Bewtie, didxonaaunde him to obey, 
 
 The worldlie man, whofe fighte is-alwaies dimme, 
 Whole fancie fonde cache pleafare doth entice, 
 The maddowes, are like fubftance vnto him, 
 And toyes more deare , them thinges of greateft price: 
 But yet the wife this judgement rafhe deride, 
 And fentence giue on prudent Pallas fide. 
 
 Regna lotm cmux\ Ytrtutemflid iaffjt, 
 
 Et poftea ibidem. 
 Dulce Vem rift, Kec te Van muntra tattgttnt, 
 ytraqttt fofitnfi plena t 'morit, ax. 
 
 L a Ridicula 
 
 Oaid.Epift.i5, 
 
 De iudicio Pa- 
 ridis. • 
 
84 
 
 <%dicnU mhitio. 
 
 T T e a re H a n n o ilandcs , and lookes into the. (kye, 
 *^ And feedes him felfe 3 with hope of future praife: 
 Aeiian. ic var„ Vnto his birdes, he dothe his eare applic, 
 Hiftor. iib.14. And truftes in tyme, that they his name fhould raife: 
 - cap. j q. p or t j ie y wearc taughtc , before they ilewe abrode, 
 
 Longe rymc to te:e , that Hakno was a God. 
 
 But, when the birdes from bondage weare releaft, 
 And in the woodes, with other birdes weare ioin'de, 
 Then Han no s name, thcirc woonted leflfon ceaile, 
 Por eacbe did finge , accordinge to his kindc : 
 
 Then flee this fauke , Ambition workes our fhame, 
 And vercue loue, which dothe extcii our name. 
 
 Defidiam 
 
Uefidtain abiickndm. 
 
 Vs e labour ftill , and lcaue due flouthfull featc, 
 Fiee Idlenefle, which bcggers ftate dothe giue: 
 Wjth (Weate of browe , fee chat thou get thy meatc, 
 If thou be borne j with labouring hande to line : 
 And get, to eate. and eate, to hue with praifc: 
 Liue not to eate, to liue with wanton eafe. 
 
 By Dracoes lawes , the idle men flioulde die, 
 *Thc Florentines , made banifiiement theire paine: 
 In Corinthe , thofe that idlie they did fee, 
 "Weare warn'de at firfte , the fcconde time were flaine; 
 And eke Saind Paule , the toothful! thus doth threate, 
 Whoe laboreth not, denie him for to eate. 
 
 Quattur *s£gtttui quart Jit fattut adulter: 
 In prompju caujfa eft t dejidtojhs erat, 
 
 L X 
 
 *SabeJ. 
 t*ttLTbef.2.ZA. :> 
 N«joe gratis pa- 
 ttern manducaui* 
 vans ab aliquo, 
 fed in laborc , Sc 
 in fatigationc, 
 noac,&dic opc- 
 lanrcs &c. 
 
 C?» peBe* J 
 
 non vult opcrarj, 
 necrnanJucet. 
 
 OuiJ. i,Remcd. 
 Anions. 
 
Mortm diukU. 
 
 Ad Reuerendum viram D». A i e x a n d r v m Nowe r. i Pauliu 
 (fcieJut Londmi Dicmm , dvftrina grexemplo cUrum. 
 
 ftorat.i. Carm.4. 
 *Palt$da mars Aqua pul- 
 Jat pede pauptrnm t*~ 
 
 Bropmius i.it, 
 j%t*4 vUatpartntuaptt- 
 ^Ailotrontu advnd/u; 
 
 Nudumb tnfim* • 
 fiultt vihert rat«. 
 Vi£hr turn viifu pari- 
 ter mifiebitur vmtrit, . 
 
 C»nfnlt -emn M*r& 
 
 "Tp h e Princes create, and Monarches of the earthe, 
 
 X "Whoe , while they liiTde, tile worlde might eqs fiiffice : 
 Yet can they clairne, by greatnefle of .their birrhc, 
 To beare ftorrr hence, when nature life denies, 
 Noe more then they,, who for relcife did pyne, 
 "Which is hut this, a foiouding {heete of tWyne. 
 
 Thoaghe fewe there bee , while tlacy doc ffourifiic heere, 
 That doe rcgarde the place wherero the raufte: 
 Yet , thoughe theiie pride like Luciiers appeere, 
 They ftulbee fine at Icngthe ro tunse to dufte : 
 
 The Prince , the Poore , the Prilbner j and the flaui*, 
 They all at Jcngthc,,arc funmron'dc xo their graue. 
 
s 7 
 
 But,hee that printes this deepelie in hii minde, 
 Akhoughe he fet in mightie Cahaks chaire, 
 Within this life, (hall contentation finde, 
 When catelefle men , ofte die in great difpaire: 
 
 Then, let them bluflhe that woulde be Chriftian* thought, 
 
 And faile hereof, Sith Turkes the fame haue taught. 
 
 As S A t at> i nt., that was the Souldaine greate 
 Of Babiton , when dcathe d^d him arreftc, 
 His fubie&es charged , when he moulde leaue liis feats, 
 And lite refigne , to tyme, and natures hefte; 
 
 They mould prepare, his fhyrtc vppon a fpeare* 
 
 And all about forthwith the fame thoulde beare. 
 
 Throughe A s c h a t o v, the place where he deceafte , Vtb» Palarfiirar. 
 
 With trumpet Sounde , and Heralte to declare , 
 Theife wordes alowde : The Kings «f all the Easle 
 Great Saiadinb, behoulde is ftripped bare : 
 
 Of kingdoms large, and lyts m bwje efdait, 
 
 And this it all , he bare With him await. 
 
 £)uod in te cH 9 from* 
 Ad (undent. 
 
 With penne \ sroceede to doe our countric good : 
 
 Your zeale is great, your learning is profounds, 
 Then Mpe our wantcs, with that yoa doc abounds 
 
To my brother M. Br. W k i t n t y> 
 
 OuiJ. i. Reraed, 
 Amorii. 
 
 pluminA JOdtnA 'jidti 
 
 parvuAt fmnbusirt*: 
 
 f J innma cailtRu 
 mtltiflttantur aqtm. 
 
 Vt huic vacuo 
 fpacioaliquidad- 
 ikian^non facilc 
 occurrit (mi fra~ 
 rcr) quod & tibi 
 (iam pacrifami- 
 lias)& huic Sym- 
 boio rnagrs con- 
 ucniat, quatn iU 
 ToH Houtianuta 
 adS ledum, 
 
 Althovghe thy (lore bee fmal) , for to begmnc, 
 Yet guide it well , and foone it is mcrealfce, 
 For mighac men , in time theire wealthe did winne, 
 "Whoe had at fkfte, as little as the lefle : 
 
 Where God dothe ble'fe, in cime aboimdancc ipringes 3 
 And iieapes are made , of manic iktlc dunges. 
 
 Iruftibui Agripp* siculu , quos coUlgk led, 
 Si retlc pmis: nan eft vt copia mam 
 Ab loue doiuri pofit tibi » tolle querelas. 
 Pauper enlm ma e8, cui mum fypetit vfas* 
 
 VitA 
 
Vita irreqttkta. 
 Ad Dottifl. virum W. M. fortun* telo iftum. 
 
 B5> 
 
 he Apodes, which doe in I n d i a breede, 
 Stift flic about, and feldome cake" theire eafe: 
 
 T 
 
 They haue no feete, to refte them as wee reade, 
 But with theire flighre, do cOmpaflfe lande, andfeas: 
 Vnto thisbroode, thofe that about doe rome, 
 Wee maie compare: that haue no houfe, nor home. 
 
 Bothe houfes faire, and citties great, they veiwe, 
 But Riuers fwifte, theire paiTagc {Hll do let, 
 They oftc iooke backe, and doe theire fortune roe, 
 Since that thcrin , they haue no feate to fet; 
 
 Thus, pane they throughe theire longe vnquiet life, 
 Till dcathe dothe come , the ende of worldlic ftrife. 
 
 Omne folum font patria eft , vt pifabus nqmr,, 
 Vt velftcri vacuo quicquid in orb? patet. 
 
 M 
 
 luuen Sat io. 
 Tama licet ptrttt tj- 
 
 genti vafctUa fUri, 
 Nadt tier ivgriffiu gla- 
 
 dium, icnt6t*qut. te» 
 
 mibiif 
 Es mot* ad Iwun tre~ 
 
 pidabu antndtnu 
 
 vmbram, 
 Qd/ixtAi> vatun) (trm* 
 
 Utrtr.s vui&t 
 
 Ouiii.'Faft, 
 
5>o In em qui truculent'}*, fuorum perierh. 
 
 Ad ajfinem fount , R.E. medicum inftgnem. 
 
 Aelian. Dc Ani- 
 malibus Jib. 9. 
 cap. 7. & iib.i x. 
 cap. 1 1. 
 
 Alciatus, 
 N,imfi tmproptMH*- 
 ftumt f tacit tlumnii, 
 i^uutMtcs homines 
 n.-Miim cjfejuiat? 
 
 DeJuS.Petrarcha 
 lil>. vfriuit;. for- 
 tunae iii htuiodc. 
 xrioiicntjhus ex- 
 tra ''.pan-bin ,.Iu- 
 Culcmcr Icribit. 
 
 Aufouius Epigf. 
 
 h e Dolphin fwifte , vpon the fhore is thrownc, 
 Thoughe he was bred, and foftered, in the flood: 
 If N e pt v n e fhewe fuch wronge, vnto his owne, 
 Then , howe maie man in fliippes haue hope of good: 
 The ragjng Sea, our countrie doth declare; 
 The' Dolphin fifhe , thofe that exiled are. 
 
 And thoughe this fifhe, was mightie in the iea, 
 Without regarde , yet was hee cade on fhore : 
 So famous men, that longe did beare the fwaie, 
 Hauc bene exil'd, and liud in habit pore : 
 
 This, Socrates: and Marcvs Tvllivs tri'de: 
 Demosthenes, and thoulandcs moe befide. 
 
 Tortuwt nunquam fifth k eodem flaw, 
 Semper mouetnr , var 'htt , & mutat vices, 
 Et fumniA m mum vertitt ac verfa mgt\, 
 
Ttctm habit a. pi 
 
 M Agmtum fiwm R. W. Coolenfem. 
 
 ASolemne feafte great Ivpiter did make, 
 And warnd all beaftes, and creatures to be there; 
 The preffe was muche , cache one his place did take: 
 At lengthe, when all weare in there cheifefl cheare: 
 At feconde courfe, the fhaile crepte flowlie in, 
 Whome I o v e did blame 3 caufe hee fb flacke had bin- 
 
 Who aunfaered thus, oh kinge behoulde the caufe? 
 
 I beare my houfe, wherefore my pace is flowe: 
 
 Which wameth all, in feafting for to paufe, 
 
 And to the fame , with pace of foaile to goe : 
 And further telles, no places maie compare, 
 Veto our homes, where wee com maunders are. 
 
 Admsnet hc< , feSanda graiu emtiuu tdrdi, 
 AtfH demo pyrin dukm ejje nihil. 
 
 M z lftdtt~ 
 
Quid. Spirit, 
 
 Indiiftria naturam corrlnt, 
 
 o 
 
 Ai D. H. Wfc. patruelis met F. 
 
 Th e Lute, whole (bunde doth moft delighte the eare, 
 Was cafte afide , and lack'de bothe ftnnges,and fretccst 
 Whereby, no worthe within it did appeare, 
 Mercv ri v s came , and it in order fettes : 
 
 Which being tunde , fuche Harmonie did lende, 
 That Poettes write , the trees theirc toppes did bende, 
 
 Euen fo > the man on whomc dothe Nature frounc, 
 Whereby , he hues difpif d of euerie wighte, 
 Induftric yet, maie bringe him to renoume, 
 And diligence, maie makexhe crooked righte: 
 
 Then haue no doubt, for arte maie nature helpe. 
 
 Thmke ho we the beare doth forme her vglye whelpe, 
 
 * 
 
 Si mbt.di$ciiii formam natura .negauit; 
 Ingenio forma damna rependo mt*, 
 
 In for- 
 
Infortumx noUra.^ a&ew collate kwora. 
 
 Ad tundem. 
 
 Th e Atte, and Ape complaine, and thought thcirc fortunes bad* oaH.- >. M«a». 
 The Afle, for wante of homes, the Ape, bycaufc no uiic he had. ^Z%lul}«f£l 
 The Mole, then anfwere made: I haue no eyes to fee, j*,fttM»: 
 Then wherefore can you nature blame, if that you lookc on mcc. ^mm^millmm 
 Which biddes vs bee contente , with lot that God dorh fende, 
 For if wee others wantcsdo wey, our happes wee maie commende. 
 
 VxorU vtrtutes. 
 
 To my Sitler , M . D. Cotll.Y. 
 
 m 
 
 Tn i s reprcfentes the vertucs of a wife, 
 Her ringer, ftaics her tonge to runnc.atfcfge* 
 The modeft lookes, doe fhewe her honeft life 
 The keys, declare fhee hathe a care, and chardge, 
 
 Of huftttndes goodes: lex him goe where he pfeafe. 
 The Tonoyfe \rarnes> at home to ipend her daies. 
 
 M } 
 
 Inutdi* 
 
 Pkuhts la Am$h. 
 
 tftn cg» -Mm* rntbt 
 itittm du& effle, q&% 
 dti dlci{tir t 
 
 Std pvdi.iuam ir.tm 
 "dtrrm & /editor* 
 
 Deunt thitttim, f'fttn- 
 lum HT'ivttm^if <»' 
 $n»xitr» umttiUm, 
 
Ihmaut fkfcripti.% 
 
 Ad Ra. W. 
 
 Iftuicfiam Ouid. 
 defcribit z. Mc» 
 taaiorph . 
 
 Lueret. J. 
 Jtfaccrat Inmihatitt 
 ttuiosiUZ cjfi pitctem., 
 Mum ad/pccfuri, (Urt 
 qui intedtt henort : 
 Jpfi ft tn UruirU v*Itti t 
 
 vv 
 
 hat hideous hagge with vifagc fterne appeares? 
 Whofe feeble liraraes, can fcarce the bodie ilaie; 
 This , Enuie is: leane, pale, and fall of yeares, 
 Who with the blifle of other pine? awaie. 
 
 And what declares, her eating vipers broode? 
 That poyfbned thoeghfees , bee euermore her foode. 
 
 What meanes her eies? fo bleared, fore , and redd: 
 Her mourninge ftill, to fee an others gaine. 
 And what is mente by (hakes vpon her head ? 
 The fruite that fpringes, of fuch a venomed braine. 
 
 But whic, her harte fhee rentes within her breft? 
 
 It fhewes her felfe , doth worke her bwne vnreft. 
 
 Whie lookes fhee wrongc ) bicaufe fhee wouldc not fee, 
 
 An happic wight , which is to her a bell f 
 
 What other partes within this furie bee? 
 
 Her harte, with gall: her tonge, with Hinges doth fwel!. 
 And lafte of ail, her ftafre with prickes aboundes: 
 Which fhowes her wordes, wherewith the good (ke& wOundes, 
 
 0i;tf.!ib. r. De 
 JUneAaunsij. 
 
 fmllict fegei eft alknis fetnfer in agris, 
 Ytcimmfy pecm grandim yhcr halM. 
 
 D<? In* 
 
De Inmio t&^ttaro, iocofum. 
 
 The Goddes agreed , two men stheir wifhe mould haiae : 
 And- 'did decree > who firftc demaunde did make, 
 Shoulde hatfe his wilhe: and he that laft dtd craue* 
 The ocbejs gifceihouldc double to him take. 
 
 Thj^Couetous wretche , and the Enuious man: 
 TTheife «veare the twc.j that of this cafe did fcanne. 
 Theap longe did ftrioe, who fhoulde the ftrftc demaun.de* 
 The XJouerous man teTur'de.i bkraufe'hts mate, 
 Shoulde rhaufe his gifte then doubled out of hande: 
 The thought whereof , vppon his hart© di<i grata 
 
 Wherefore the Goddes, did plague him for his Gnne, 
 And. did commaunde, th'Enuious man beginne. 
 Who: did toot erase, what Midas chcife did chooie. 
 Because his frende, the fruite thereof fhould finde* 
 Bat onelie wim'de, that he one eie might loofo, 
 Vnto the ende, to hauc the other blinder 
 
 Which beinge fay'd, he did his Wifhe obtaine-: 
 S© but one eye., was lefte vnto them twaine. 
 See heate how vile , theiic caytifFes doe appease* 
 To Gou, and man: but chieflie (as wee ice); 
 The Couetons man , who hurteth fsLwe,^n<l neare* 
 Where -fpytefull men, theire owne tormentors bee» 
 But bothe be-bad, and he that , is the befte, 
 Go© keeps him thence, whare'honeft men doc refte. 
 
Ad ormtif virum D». Petrym W ithipq 
 Petre , . imtm petram 
 
 iiius Harlemca- 
 Cs Mcdicus cfa- 
 rifl*. inter Emblc- 
 mata fua, filio 
 fiio Pctro hocin- 
 fcripfit. 
 
 What I v n i v. s tent his ferine, jo, here I fend to thee?- 
 Bycaufe his name, and Nature both., with thync doe well agree. 
 
 Difpife all pleasures vayne 5 .hould vertue by the hand, 
 
 And as in rage of wyndes,and Seas, the Rocke doth firraely #ande. 
 
 So ftand thou allwayes fare , that thou rriaift hue with fame, 
 Remembring how the Latins founde a Rocke Co like thy name; 
 
 Oftid.Ipift. rj» 
 
 Petmatiit m voto mens ma firm* fuo. 
 
v Dum votes , nSmt. 
 
 Ad veterem fitum amicum Dn. G^orgivm Salmon, 
 qui maxima vita perictilo Roma ettajit. 
 
 97 
 
 HT h e Cuttle fifhe, that likes the muddie crkkes y 
 <*■ To which, the iea dothe rlowe at euerietide : 
 Ear to efcape the fimers ginned, and. trickes, 
 Dame nature did this ftraunge deuife prouide: 
 That when he feeth, : his foe to lie in wayte, 
 Mee muddes the flreame 3 and iafelie fcapes deceytev 
 
 Then man', in whome doth iacred reafbn refle, 
 All wales, and meanes, fhoulde vfe to faue his life: 
 Not wilfullie , the (ame for to deteft, 
 Not rafhlie runne, when tyrauntes rage with ftrife: 
 But conftant ftande., abyding fweete or fower, - 
 VntiM the Lorde appoynte an happie howei; 
 
 Obfiwi latsces me tandtmt: (trncte iettam 
 AtramentA vetant : ahdka , tut* nato. 
 
 N 
 
 Celfa 
 
 Quid, j. Art. Aroir,J. 
 Xte cpt frttoht, a** 
 fit rtutCtUriturvndai 
 T^h aut frtfteriis 
 
 hora rtdtre potctf, 
 Vtcndttmeft ttate, ih» 
 ftJtlabitur 
 
 pit. 
 
 Paradifas pofc't, 
 dc Sepia, 
 
p 8 Stultkla Jlta feiffumfagmm. 
 
 Ad H. s. communsm vidttarum proeuto. 
 
 The Foxe, that longe fbr grapes did leape in vayncy 
 With wearie-limmes, at iengthe did iad departe: 
 And to him felfe quoth hee, I doe difdayne 
 Xhefe grapes I fee , bicaufe their tafte is tarte-: 
 
 So thou , that hunt'ft for that thou longe haft mift. 
 Sail makes thy boaft, thou maiftif that rhou lift. 
 
lwpar coniugium. 
 
 To Apbilus, 
 
 99 
 
 he tyraunt vile Mezentivs, put in vre, 
 
 VjVg.i.^ntid. 
 
 X Amongil the plagues , wherewith hee murthered men: 
 To binde the quicke, and dead, togeather fure, C -Z!Z^SZ 
 And thereto throwe them both into a denne* 
 Whereas the quieke ,, mould fti& the dead .imbrace, 
 VntilL with pine , hee cum'dinto that cafe. 
 
 Thofe wedding webbes, which forac doe weaue with ruthe, 
 As when die one, with ftraunge difeafe doth pine: 
 Or when as age , bee coupled vnto youthe, 
 And thofe tliat hate , inforced are to ioyrte, 
 
 This reprefentes : and doththofe parentes fhowe, 
 
 Are tyrauntesmeere, who ioyne their children foe* 
 
 Yet manic are, who. not the caufe regarde, 
 The birthe , the yeares, nor venues of the minde: 
 Bor goulde is firjft, With greedie men prefer'de, 
 And ioue is lafte 3 and likinge fcfc behinde : 
 
 Bat parentes harde, that matches make for goodes: 
 
 Can not be free, from guiire of childrens bloodes. 
 
 Qukm male imquales veniant ad aratu iuuencii Qvti. Epifojir- 
 
 7cm pemim magno coniuge nupta minor* 
 
 N 2» Front Us 
 
to o Ttontu mild fides. 
 
 Ad UUtf. 'nineties Dn. %dm. Freake, & D». Anth Mcocks 
 
 Th b lions roare : the Bores theire mikes do whet. 
 The Griphins gra(pe theire rallantes in theire irct 
 The doggcs do barke j the bulles,with homes doe titter. 
 The Serpen tcs hifle, with eyes as redde as fire. 
 
 .But man is made* of ruche' a fteraelie ftiape. 
 That frendc,"or foe, is not difcern'd by face; 
 Then harde it is the wickcds wiles to fcape, 
 Since that the bad, doc mafke with honeft grace; 
 
 And Hypocrites., haue Godlie wordes at wilL 
 
 And rauening wolucs, in fidnries of Jambes doc lurke; 
 
 And C a in doth feekc, his brother for to kft\ , 
 
 And fainclfcs in ihcwe, with I v d a s hartes doe woike* 
 
 Nowc, fince the good no cognizance doc beare, 
 To reachc vs , whome wee chieflie fbotdd irrjbrace : 
 But tfut the fame the wicked forte doe weare, 
 Oe vera Amicitia And fhewe them felues , like them m eueiie cafe. 
 
 Pontius Paulinus, 
 
 iSihSS'il^ ^ ta ^ c ^oscm to you I (ende, 
 
 Whereby you mighttemcmber Ml to wrifc^ 
 
 His won. 
 
His worses, and decdes, that beares the face oiffrcnde, 
 Before you choofc , fuehe one for your deltte. 
 
 And if at lengthe., yow trye him by his ruche, 
 And finde him hault , whereby you ftand in done,. 
 No harte, nor hand, fee that you ioyne with fuchc 
 But at tbe-firft, bee bouldto rafe him out. 
 
 Yet if by proofe , my wordes , and deedes agree. 
 
 Then letmee Mill within your tables bee. 
 
 «Animifcrimum f&ruitm. 
 Ad ornatum virtim* D. E l e i s e v m Grvbhit m 
 
 The Prouerbe laithe,the bounde mufte ftill obey, 
 And bondage bringes ».the freeft man in awe : 
 "Whoe (ernes, muft pleafe, and hearc what other faye, 
 And learne to keepe * Harp.o cr at es his lawe: 
 Then bondage is the Prifon of the minde: 
 And makes them mute, where wrfedome is by kinde t 
 
 The Nightingale that chaunteth all the ipringe, 
 Whofe watblinge notes , throughout the wooddes are hardt , 
 Beinge kepte m cage, fheceafcth for to finge, 
 And mournes , bitaufe her hbertie is bardet 
 Oh bondage vile j the worthie mans deface, 
 Bee farre from thofe, that learning doe im brace. 
 
 N * 
 
 PdtaU , mm tiytina. 
 JrttUhnga dire-nit, 
 tftc f rrbntt . rett lint 
 obftrahararbi^tUM! 
 ^■{unqtktin amrrtid' 
 htjut tgam-, prim 
 recede* 
 
 Orpcrevtntmro, qui 
 vefitt pcCfart vtittu;. 
 
 ♦iowr.T.j&erra. j 
 *At fmcr vt £nati t fie 
 tat dettmm amUi, 
 Siqwtifttvmum nun 
 JkRidtre, &<.. 
 
 *Silicntij ctcas 
 apud Acgyptos. 
 
 Mttlfe 
 
10.1 
 
 In fortis fm contemptores. 
 
 CieereTafc.J. r fit 
 Valer. Max. & Si- 
 don. Apolltnatis 
 
 lib.t. epiitij.;. 
 
 Ho rat. Sena. I.. 
 Satyta s. 
 
 £lui Jit Macernu, *>; 
 newj, qu-am fibi fort*. 
 Sen ratio dederit , fett 
 forabieeerit, HU 
 CmentM viuaf. lauitt 
 dttHtrfi, fecjutntcs? 
 O firtunati mercMf 
 Vti, grant) ann'u 
 Jmuait,&t, 
 
 Hotat. Cacm>|. 
 Ode x. 
 
 DiSinelut trips mfh* 
 per tmp» 
 
 ceruieefe!>det,im 
 Swila <Uf>tt 
 
 Duiiem tUbtr/tbvii 
 Japnrem : 
 
 jjne taniiu 
 
 Svmmm reiueent, &a 
 
 Sen*caOed Aft.j. 
 Jgiii fenfire d*ro phmt 
 
 Timet- '.witntei : mtltti 
 *>wtit«rmrsii*e. 
 
 Herb- mocles, defirous for to rafte, 
 The princelie fare ,of Dionysivs kinge, 
 In royal! feate, was at the table plafte , 
 "Where pages braue , all datntie cates did fringe j 
 
 His bed of goulde, with curious coueringes ipred, 
 And cubbburdes ritchc , with plate about his bed. 
 
 Ho where hee ftay*de \ but mufique fweete did Ibunde^ 
 No where hee went , but hee did odors fmell j 
 Nowe in his ponipe , when all thinges did abounde, 
 Being afk'd , if that this life did pleafc him well : 
 Hee auniwere made, it was the heauen alone* 
 And that to it, all other Hues weare none. 
 
 Then ., did the king comaunde a naked fworde, 
 
 Vnto the roofe, fhoukte with a heare bee knit : 
 
 That right ihoulde hange, when hee was placd at boutdt s 
 
 Aboue his head , where he did vfe to fit : 
 
 Which when hee iawe, as one diftradte with care, 
 Hee had no ioye iamirthe, nor daintk fare. 
 
 But 
 
But did beleecH, the Tyraunt for to glue, 
 His former ftace, and take, his pompc againe : 
 By which, wce leame, that thofewho meauely Hue, 
 Haue ofce more ioye, them thofe who rule and raigne? 
 But cheifelye, if like him they doe appearc, 
 Who night, and daye, of fubie&es ftoode in feare. 
 
 10$ 
 
 Interdum rzquiefcendum. 
 Ad £>». Pet r v m Co x v i v m Brugenfem, 
 
 Co n t i n v a l toiie , andWabour , is not befte: 
 But fometimes ceafe , and reft thy wearie bones, 
 The daie to worke, the nighte was made to refte, 
 And ftudentes muftVhaue paftimes for the nones : 
 
 Sometime the Lute , the Chefle , or Bowe by fittes, 
 For ouermuch , clothe dull the fineft wittcs. 
 
 For lacke of refte, the fetlde dothe barren growe, 
 The winter coulde, not all'the yeare doth raigne: 
 And dailie bent , doth weakc the ftrongeft bowe ; 
 Yea our delightes ftill vfd, wee doe dtfdaine. 
 
 Then reft by fittes , amongfte your great affaires, 
 But not too muche , lefte loathe doche fee her {hares. 
 
 -Nec en'mfaemdia fempet 
 
 Addufta cUm fionte placet : nec femper in amk 
 JBcMca turha wanet ; nec tota claficus horror* 
 Node dieque gemit : nec femper Cnofius area 
 Veftinat , exempt* Jed laxat cornua neruo. 
 Et galea miles captit., & latm enje tefoluit* 
 
 QiliUntS.ftHnfftti. 
 ma: fin itta tjmnmt 
 finutntl, inuitlunt tin- 
 rii forttft*' tnutUm s 
 Munitt *i.i4tu t/ttunt 
 Jiptiffttotrcrnm 
 +An6fntti h*bc*>fa «c- 
 (tl, tripd:q m»!«< 
 
 Prrundttvptrd AU« 
 foniajB. 
 
 ■Muitii ttmbiiu cMt[» 
 
 A'eliantts d* eyrau- 
 nis lib. to. cap. }, tc 
 Hb„.6". cap, tj. De 
 Var. Hift. 
 
 Lucaaus aci Vi » 
 foncm- 
 
THE SECOND PARTE 
 
 E E M B L E M £ 
 
 AND OTHER DETISES, 
 gathered^ Bngdfhsd^ mdmorofksdy 
 
 And diuerfe newlie deuifedj by 
 Geffrey Whitney* 
 
10 & 
 
 IN PRAISE, OF THE TWO NOBLE 
 
 £ ARIES, Wa&WSCKE, AND Lfi YCE STE31. 
 
 \ w o Beans there are, the greater, and the leffe, 
 ^' WeM knowne to thofe that trauaik fane , and 
 
 Wiihout^hofifighte, the fhipmanfailes bygejfe y 
 If that ike Sonne, or Moone, doe not appears. 
 They hth doe fhowe , to ttf EqmnocJiall line, 
 pes, vtfafinaio- %^£n& one . vnto ttiA n * i p O i> e % doth [bine. 
 
 rjs ad Antipodes- , . 
 
 Theft * haue their lighte from P H oe E v s goulde» mes f 
 And ail ' the 'Worlde ? by thttn reeeyueth good : 
 Without Wheje hel'pe. , no man might e pajfe the fiat, 
 But euer ftmde in ddunger of the flood 
 
 oh blejfed lightes , the*to<orke of heauenly hande, 
 T qu> millions faue from ruphe of roc^ ^andfanide* 
 
 Two mbhpmes, ^toho both doe giue the hearty 
 Two famous Earlts&hofk praifes pierce the fkyei 
 Who both are placd in honours facr&d chearei, 
 Who ft ^orthie fame (hall Hue y and neuer dyei 
 In 'Emlifbe courte dee (pende their bleffed dates i 
 of fttmqm ^oeaUy two greate, and mightie flaiet. 
 
 And as thofe fanes by Vu oe B v s lighte are feene, 
 So 3 both thefe Maries haut honour , migbte, and power \ 
 f rom P h oe % e bright* 3 our moHe renowmed ^ueene^ 
 Who ft fame, no time $ nor enuie can deuower t 
 And vnder her , they fhorn to others lighte. 
 And doe nioype tenne thoufand ^ith their fighte. 
 
 But, fince thai, all that haue hin borne , haue ende, 
 
 n^dnd nsthingetan Vpith natures laws di(j>eme; 
 
 Vomhfafe oh horde , longe time their Hues to lende, 
 
 Before thou call theft : noble per font heme: 
 
 Who ft fame, Vvhik that the Beam in pie fhaU fhowe, 
 Within this land* , ail future times fballkfiowe. 
 
 In praife 
 
In praife of the Rtghti Honorable my good Iardc* ml Ma^hr, 
 the hark of L e v c e s t b r. 
 
 HE B that dc fires to paffe the forging Sear, 
 Bycaufe they are (o ytondtrfu// to fee, 
 Kjind without fkiU, doth venture ^heareheeplfafe„ 
 While that the Mattes both caulme » and quiet hee, 
 Weave better farre , to keepe him on the lands* 
 Then for to take fuch enterprife in hande. 
 Tor, if hee lack* his compajfe , and his earde, 
 And arte therfore, to fhafe hts courfe arighte: 
 Or pylottes good f, that damgers may regarde, 
 When furgeJoth fwe// , and Vein des doe [horn their might e, 
 Doth perriU life 9 throughe Canton, freckles ^oi// 9 
 And doth to late lament e his lacki of fki& 
 So, nee that fhoulde Voith v\iil,bee fiirrdto Vpryte, 
 Tour noble aclet, your gifies and vertues rafe : 
 Jf P,A h l a s ayde hee lacke , for to indite, 
 Hee fhould but haJfe his follie to declare v 
 
 y^ind "for onge your righte y deferuinge V I RGI t.s ptnne% 
 \^4nd HomerS fkjU, if they Vpeare here agajwe. 
 Then, belt for fuch tot ake a longer paufe, 
 Then to attempte athinge fo farre vn fit te: 
 for » they may M^towe to sprite of fuch a caufe, 
 jtefeemeth heft , the fine, and rarest yoitte. 
 
 Tit thofe that ypoulde, 1 "toifhe their leamingi futche, 
 That as they fhould*, they mighte your vermes tutche. 
 
 An other of the fame. 
 
 Since fame U mglne ofmnge t 4nd throughe eche clymate flies, 
 And woorthy odes of noble peer es t doth raifeyntothe fkjies. 
 And fmcefhee hathe extoll'd your praifes longe agoe, 
 That other countries farre, and neare, your noble name doe knowe. 
 Althoughe I houlde my peace, throughe wante of learned /kill, 
 let Jhaliyour pafmgtfame bei knowne , and bee renowmed ft'tll. 
 And thofe that haue defire , vppon your paife to looke, 
 Ifayfinde it truly pen" A by fame, within hergoulden books. 
 Where, on the fomosl fronts of honours iMutieftage, 
 Shee placethym, in equall roome, with ante, of your age. 
 Wherfore to fame lyeeld, and ceafe what I begonne: 
 £icaufe } it if in vaine, to.fet a candeU m the Sonne. 
 
 O 1 K#<>-. 
 
lot 
 
 %e?pice s @rprof])ice. 
 
 Th e former parte , nowc pafte , of this my booke, 
 The fecondc parte in order doth infue ; 
 Which , I beginne with I a n v s double loofce, 
 That as hee lees , the yeares both oulde , and newe. 
 So, with regarde , I may thefe partes behoulde, 
 Perufinge ofte, the newe, and eeke the oulde. 
 
 And if, that faulte within vs doe appeare, 
 "Within the yeare , that is alreadie donne, 
 As I a n v s biddes vs alter with the yeare, 
 And make amendes , within the yeare begonne, 
 
 Euen (b, my felfe {uruayghinge what is part; 
 
 With greater heede , may take in hande die laftc. 
 
 This Image had his rites, and temple faire, 
 And. call'd the "Go d of wane, and peace, bicaufe 
 lii wanes, hee ttatfide of peace not to dhpaire: 
 And warn de in peace 3 to-pradife martial! lawes: 
 
 And furthermore, his lookes did teache this fomme } 
 To beare m rainde, time pad, and time to cornme. 
 
 S INCE 
 
rap 
 
 To the honor Me sir P h i l * p p e Sidney Knight, Gometnour 
 of the Garrifon ., and tovfae- t>f Vkfiinge. 
 
 ince beft deferce, for valour of the miftde, 
 And prowes great , the Romanes did deferue; 
 And lithe, the worldemightnotdieir matches 
 finde, 
 
 In former times j asau&hors yet referue: 
 A fewe . of them J meane for to recite, 
 That valiaunt mindes maye, hauc therein delighte. 
 
 And but to ttitche the naked names of fame. 
 As Romulus j that' firft the wall did laye : 
 And fo > from thence to nearer times to come, 
 To Curtlm boulde, that did- the gulfe affaye : 
 Or Codes eeke , who did his foes withftande, 
 Till bridge was broke, and armed fwamme to lande. 
 
 Then Voflhum us ,1 might with thefe tepeate, 
 
 That did repulfe the Ratines , from the waules* 
 
 And LManLius , a man of courage greate, 
 
 Who did defende the Capitoll from Gaules : 
 
 And Fabiw name^pfwhome this dothe remaine, 
 Three hundrech fixe ,wearc in one hattaile flame. 
 
 With thefe, by rigute comes Coriolanus ir^ 
 Whofe cruell mindc did make his countrie fixiarte ; 
 Till mothers xeates, and wiues, did pittie winner 
 Fabricim then , whome bribes collide not peruerte. 
 
 And Becij eeke ; and luny voide of decode: 
 
 "With Cmtif i and CMefelli , doe mceeedc 
 
 Detitatusnexxe; that fixe fcore batmiles foughte, 
 Who* Romanes call'de Achille Sjfor his force: 
 Vnto his graue no wounde behinde hce. btoughic, 
 But fortie fine before , did carue his corfe* 
 Torcjuatus eeke 3 his foe that ouercarrie, 
 And tooke his chame^ whereby he had* his name. 
 
 With Claudiw blindc, and Claudius Caudax ' nariide, 
 Two brothers boulde, for valour great renounide: 
 
 O \ And 
 
 Remulm. 
 
 Marcus Curttm. 
 .Htrntiut Cedes. 
 
 Atilus Pofthumttt 
 
 M&nliu* Cap'tto- 
 linm. 
 
 M*rttnt Corhhk. 
 
 trtti. 
 
 C. J?/tbricistf. 
 De cuius fide,(!c Tjr* 
 rhus aptui £utropuim 
 De bill) Tenntiilf^ 
 Me eft FabVitiui qui 
 dtfRriltus »b h~im~ 
 flats , qudm Sol i 
 cutfu fuQ.anec£ 
 ports c. 
 Dtcq, 
 lunij, 
 
 Sicmiw Dentate* 
 Aul t Qell lib.i. 
 -eap.ir. &Piin.lii>, 7 . 
 
 MantiwTorqitA- 
 
 tui. 
 
 Afpiit* CUiitUut. 
 Jtppm Claudm 
 
no 
 
 auHmCaUu- A nd CaUtme , that all Si cilia tam'de, 
 
 And one the Sca,Hamilcar did confounde : 
 ^LciMCatu- Lucfatfu*-cs!kc.r that j Carthage fleete fubdude. 
 
 Whcrcby^fpr peace they with lubrmflion fude* 
 
 TabimMaximus. And Fahim greate;, and CMarc Marceffta boulde, 
 
 MarwsMtrceUus xhat at the kngthe did S y r a c v s A facke.: 
 
 M*nus psrttm And eeke the a&es of Fortius wee behoulde, 
 
 cau. Whofe life thoughe longe, yet Rome to (boneclid lacse; 
 
 cn.DuiUins. DutMius yet, and Liu tut wee doe knowe. 
 
 Lmhu saiwMtot. Thojjghe they weare tum'd to ponder longe agoe, 
 
 Claudius -Nero. What fliouldc I Ipeake of Claudius T^erffs haite, 
 SKnfi'^' 0 When Ha » i b A^yxjid toy all Rome difmaye: 
 And H ASdr v b a l did haft to take his parte J 
 But Claudim, lo^sdid meete him by the waye, 
 And reaiid his life , and put his* hofte to flighte, 
 sc$,<> Afrhmtis, And thre we his head to H anib al his flghte. 
 ggmtms&*mt- -pj ien sdpio comes, that Gart h a g e waulesdid race. 
 Tiiiuius Ni&Uior* A noble prince , the feconde ya to none: 
 l* ul " s Mm J: ius - FUminius then, and Fulutus haue their place- 
 chm. Mwilius acres , and- Gracchus , yet are knowne : 
 
 cZ^uffs*' WitfcS/if* fierce , and> Ca//^ jtS4F/Mr ftoute, 
 t e y" S UAUm **~" Whofe ciuill warres , made Rome tenneyeares in doubte, 
 
 Appianus De Bcilo . . , ,. 
 
 ci«,). i«b. i: Scrtorw, nexte, and eeke Gabimus-na.mc, 
 S;:S:r With Crajjus, and Lucutt*., highe reiiourride: 
 itiimmGi+gm, And Crf/2fr great, that prince of endeiefle fame, 
 LuvusiMtuiiw. Who( - c % alllandes,while worlde dothe lafte, (hallfounde. 
 ocUuihs Augu- K-Augutttts eeke , that nappie m oit did raigne, 
 ^ aJ - The (courge to them 3 that.had his vnkl&ilainc.. 
 
 M^Antomus^s Anthonim then , that fortune long© did Frejide, 
 
 Yet at theleagthe , the -moil vnhappie man; 
 upidut. And L epidm , fbrfaken in the ende, 
 
 Mi.BrHttit. "With Brutus b6ulde 3 and Gap us ? ; pale and wan ; 
 ■WHS, With.manie more , whome authors doe report^ 
 
 Whereof 3 enlue< lorn e tutch'd in larger forte » 
 
Mutws Scatiok* Hi 
 
 fietdt in feuriam. 
 
 > T* h i s hande, and fworde , within the furious flame, Cornelia* 
 •*• Doth ftiewe his harte,that fought Por sen k as ende: V 3 *' 
 Whole countries good , and ecke perpetuall famey 
 Before his life did S c je v o l a commende : 
 
 No paine, had power his courage highe to quaile , 
 
 But bouldlie ipakc , when fire did him aflailc . 
 
 Which fighte, abaM the lookers on , but mote 
 Amaz'de the kinge ? who pardoned ftraighte the kna|ghK 
 And ccafd the fiege , and did remooue his hoftcj 
 When thatheefowe one man Co muche of mighte: 
 
 Oh nohlfc minde,, althoughe thy daies bee pafte; 
 
 Thy fame dorb line, and ecke, for aye (hail lafte. 
 
 Met 
 
Fork* Caraiilus. 
 
 Vtr&t CamUi apud 
 i*terprcte> 
 
 Grams eft inquit rei 
 befiura,vtqua:mul<- 
 ris itiiuftts muiiif- 
 ■ quz violcntis faftij" 
 eoa6«atur. & ta - 
 men apud bonos vi~ 
 ros > babcnturetiam 
 belli tiua-jlam leges^ 
 ncquc tantoperc 
 Victoria expotenda • 
 eft, vx'noe fuglenda 
 hat officii .quae per 
 feel us ac malitjam 
 effermtu .cr.jgnum 
 enfej ionperarotc/n 
 iajc'vjnutis, no alie.. 
 ax itttprbbitaiis fi- 
 
 Ca Mitt VS then, that .did repuife the Gauies> 
 And vnto Rome her former ilate did giue: 
 When that her foes made fpoile within her waules,. 
 Lo here, amongft his aches that ftill lhall Hue. 
 I made my choice . of this example rare, 
 That (hall for aye his noble rainde declare. 
 "Wherefore, in bticfe then this his woorthie parte, 
 Wh.it time he did beftege Faiiria ftronge: 
 A fcoolem after , that Hare a I v u a s harte, 
 Vntn the place where he was roft«*d .k>nge', 
 
 Otte walk'd -ahrode with fchollcr-s that hce toughc^ 
 Wh'iche cloke hee vf de, (6 that no harroe was thong 
 At lengthc, with fonnes of all .the beft, and mofte, 
 Of noble peares , that kepte the towne by mightc:. 
 Her made his walke: into the Romane hoite, ; 
 And , when bee eame before C a m i r £ V 3 itg-h're.,- 
 Quoth hee , my Lot-de, lo thefe? thy prifoners bee, 
 Which beings kepte , Faleku yeeldes to thee. 
 Whereat, a while this noble captaine ftay'd, 
 And pondering, well the ftraungenes of the cauie : 
 Vnto his fren<les } this.' in effecte iice iay'd. 
 Yhoughe warns bee t& , yetgoad mens xwtrrcuhaue lavpes t 
 And it hhooues a General! good to game 
 With y attaint » not with tretcberoHt tttunc. 
 
"With that, hec caufde this *S i n o n ro bee ftripte, 
 And whippcs, and roddes, vnto the fchollers gau£: 
 Whome , backe againe , into the toune they whipte, 
 "Which fatfcc,oncc knowne vnto their fathers graue: 
 Wirh ioyfull hartes , they ycelded vp their Toune: 
 An acte mofte rare, and glafle of true renoume. 
 
 II 
 
 <ZM. Valerius Coruinus. 
 Injperatum auxihum. 
 
 IF L i v i e s pen hauc written but the truthe, 
 And diuerfe mo, that a&esof onld declare. 
 Then knowe s when Gauleydid dare the Roman youthe, 
 Va LE-Rivs, lo , a Roman did prepare 
 By dime of {word, the challenger to trye-, 
 Who both in armes incountred by and by. 
 And whilft with force, they proou'd their weapons brighte, 
 And made the fparkes to flie out cf the fteeje, 
 A Rauen , ftraight , vppon V a ii ri v s lighte, 
 And made his foe a newe incounter feele: 
 
 Whome hee Co fbre did damage, and diftrefle, 
 That at the lengthe-, the Roman had fuccefle. 
 For , when his foe his forces at him bente, 
 Wirh wi<jges ai! ipfead the rauen dim'd his iighte: 
 At lengthe , his face hee fcratchM, and all to rente, 
 And peck'd his eies a hee coulde not fee the lighte, 
 Which lhewes > the Lorde in daunger doth pre/erue, 
 And rauens saife our wordlie it^ntes to (erne. 
 
 P 
 
 Virgil, lib. t. 
 Acncid. 
 
 Attt; Gell; lib.*, 
 cap. ii. 
 
 Eutropius re ram 
 RomaDarum , 
 
 Regulus 
 
cotneliss Nepc*. 
 
 Eurtopias lijb.r. De 
 
 Sttiusltalicutlib** 
 BrlliPunicf.copio- 
 CfTitncpnieiisrrimje 
 degaruiflimisq -vet- 
 fibus banc hifto- 
 tiim aairsc. 
 
 Jlotlietjam fertum'da fides* 
 
 m 
 
 Aol.Cc!liu*itb,6, 
 cap. 4, 
 
 *T t h e Confull bouldc Attili vs, here rcgardc , 
 A That A f *. 1 c k e made to tremble at his name j 
 Who, fof his faithe rqpeyued this rewarde, 
 Two hundrcth thoufande men, hee oucrcame. 
 
 And- three feore fhippes, and eeke two hundreth towries, 
 Yet flattAingc fate , in fine vppon him frownes. 
 For, after by Xanxippvs ouerthrowne, 
 To C a rt ba g s broughte, in dungeon deepe was caftei, 
 Yet , with <lefire for to redecme their owne, 
 Their mefienger they made him, at the laftet 
 And in exchannge , hee vnto Rome was fente, 
 For prifbners there, and on his wordc he wente. 
 "Who promifd this , hee woulde retourne to bandes, 
 If that hee faii'd of that , they did require: 
 But when hee lawc Co manie in their handes,. 
 Thoughe Romanes glad, did graunt him his defire : 
 Yet couide hee; not thcrctoo, in harte agree, 
 Bycaufe for him , Co manie (houlde bee free. 
 Thus, countries louc , was dearer then his life, - 
 Who backe rctoutn'de , to keepc his promife true: 
 Where hee did tafte longc time of tormentes rife, 
 But yet , his harte no tortures couide fubdue- 
 His mangled eies, the Sonne all daye aflailes; 
 And in (he ende, was thrufte in tonne with naileSc 
 
 Marcus 
 
Marc S erg iv s nowe, I maye recorde by righte y 
 ARoraa&e bouldc, vyhome foes coulde not difaiayc: vtfafH&tci.h& 
 Gainfte H a ^ n i b a l hee often fhewde his mighte, %7»<ap'. *«* 
 Whofe righte hande loibe» bis lefte hee did af%e 
 Vncill at lengthe an ifon hande hec proou'd : 
 And after that C R e u o n A.fiege remooud. 
 
 Then 3 did defende P l a t e n t i a in dutreffe, 
 And wanne twejue houides, fc>y dime of (worde in France, 
 "What triumphes great ? were made for his foccefle, 
 V-nco what ftate did fortune him aduance^ 
 
 What fpcares ? whatcroiraes? whatgarlandes hee pofifeffi 
 
 The honours duc for&emuhat 4id the befte. 
 
 P a Cn.Vvm- 
 
II 6 
 
 Primni in Hirca* 
 iiHr>,Kubeum,6e 
 Arab tcura mat e y f- 
 que .peruenit, Cpc? 
 Bilius Nejo*. 
 
 Uc stilus ma ximii 
 vrftcM^is & t riam- 
 phojefcge fpleadi- 
 4ttHa)0'jeuos fuse, 
 ftnqn tu Appt«- 
 
 Witiuiilauew, 
 
 Pomp by great, with fortune longe was blefte, 
 * v And did fiibdue his foes , by lande , and lea. 
 And conqueftcs great obtained in the Eafte, 
 And ^ a & tui At*, s,, and Arabian $y made obaye, 
 And feasy and lies, did it &hie&iort bringe, 
 Whoie name' with rearer did throughe I v t> ringe. 
 
 And had reftotfde kinge M A s x v t s $ A s ligftte* 
 And ouercame Sert orj v s with his power: 
 And made the Kinge of Pgn TVS fcnowc his mighty 
 Yet , at the Jengthe , hee had his haplefie hower-; 
 For oucrcome by G^'s ar,, fled for aide, 
 To MGYvr s baidci wherein hee was bctnu'di 
 
 Within whofe tingc^this.fcrrneaboue was .wtorlght&» 
 Whereby* his force , and noble minde appeared} 
 "Whiefa,. ^ith his head to Kj-As ap being broughte* 
 5or ijiWafde gricfe, hee wafti'd the iamc with teares, 
 Arid in a fire with odours, and perfumes : 
 This princes head with mourning fee eonforoes. 
 
^Marcus Scmu 
 
 Audtces fortuna mux?. 
 
 "7 
 
 Hp his monumente of manhoodc, yet remaines, 
 
 A witnes true , of Marcvs Scjevas harte: 
 Whofe valliancie, did purchafe him fiich games, 
 That deathe, nor time, can blem-ifhehisdeferte. 
 In battaile, boulde : no feare his harte coulde wounde, 
 When fixe- (core ihaftes within his fliielde weare founde, 
 
 And in that flghte , one of his eies hee lofte, 
 His thighe thruft throughe,and wounded fore befide: 
 Such fouldiouvs , had greate C & s a r in his hoftc, 
 As by him felfe , and others , is diferide. 
 
 But, thofe that would more of thefe Knightes behoulde, 
 Let them perufe the Roman Au&hours oulde. 
 
 ■> P '3 Imid'tA 
 
 Suetonius* 
 
 Valerius Mmj ■ 
 •mus. 
 
•J if* 
 
 ,&J3fc T H E ^ lIam Mmc *# b # e feaigKte, and tall, 
 nZ*Ail*'f$«rn Tha'tfrefljclic fl-iowes, with braunehes fweete &f {melfe 
 »tafi,lta<t#JrAva.< Yet, at the foote the frogges , and fcptentes eta II, 
 WMverc&fome nqife , and eke with po'ifon fell: 
 Who y as it weare, the tree doe ftillannoye, 
 And do their worfte 3 the fame for to de(tr©ye, 
 
 When nobie pecres, and men of highc eftate* 
 By infle defee 5 doe hue in honor gteate: 
 - , ' Yet , Enuie mil dothe waite on them as mate, 
 
 lufeb, mud Slob. J . ■ t < ^ ' 
 
 utr..fa<ieniei : perto- And dothe her worite, to vndermine their fcate: 
 '«Sm(v££ : fn- And Mb MVS broode dothe arme, with ail theirsnighte, 
 S^^SfS* To woundc their fame , whole life did geueihem lighte. 
 
Ex ilvnno therm t y alter i/tf rvttlitas. 
 
 T19 
 
 $m T i h e Lion fierce, and fauage bore contende, 
 *■ The one, his pawes : his tufices the other tries: 
 And ere the broile, with bloodie blowes had ende, 
 A- vulture loe, attendes with watchinge eies: 
 And of their ^oile, doth hope to praie his rill , 
 And ioyes, when they eche others bloo,d doe fpill. 
 
 "When men of mighte , with deadlie rancor (well , 
 And moitall hate, twixte mightie Monarches raignes; 
 Some gripes doe watche , that like the matter well, 
 And or their lofle, doe raife their priuate gaines: 
 So ,5 o l i m A n his Empire did increafc , 
 When chriftian kinges exiled loue , and peace . 
 
 Hit magma fedet zA^mm fccuntfy volitfat 
 hMittus belli varios, &c. 
 
 . £r perttlebat adbuc belli fortmas diujj 
 Inter vtrumque voUt dubris vittoria pennii. 
 
 Georgia -Sahiruis. 
 Sic tntdi dum faci*»t< 
 dijcordei prtriia rega 
 
 Turctiu £urop4 Sri- 
 pit heffi-tpa 
 
 Virg. AcneiH.id 
 0uit}.Mctam.7. 
 
 Vigihn- 
 
U o Vigihmth, @jr cu&odk. 
 
 Ad reuemtdif. Dn. D. Gviiei'm vm C h a tt £ r~ 
 r o n v m F.ptfcopum QsUrtnfcm. 
 
 Ipifcopimuriere 
 ' : in hac vita ni- 
 r. tdifficiiius, ita 
 jpud Deum nihil 
 t eatius. 
 
 Qjiidpicrgallum- 
 »V .Ieapcni figni- 
 ••ke'tur,, Claud. 
 .Miflos; fupcr AI- 
 "lafum Ernb. 15. 
 •icuieic.T fcrU>i„v 
 
 'TH h e Heraulte, that proclaimes the. date at hande, 
 "** The Cocke 1 meane, that wakes vs out of jfleepe^ 
 
 On fteeplc highe*, doth like a watchman ftande: 
 The gate beneath , a Lion ftill doth keepe. 
 And "why ? theife two , did alder time decree. 
 That- at the Churche ^ theire places ftill Ihouldbee, 
 
 That paftors^ ftowlde like watchman dill be prefte, 
 To wake the worlde, that fleepetlvin his firine, 
 And roufe them vp , that, ionge are rock'd irurefte, 
 And fhewe the daie of Ghrifte,'wilk ftraighte.beginnc? 
 And to foretell, and . jireache, that light deuine, 
 Euen as the Cocke doth finge , ere daie doth fliine* 
 
 The Lion ihewes , they flioulde of courage bee a 
 And able to defende , their fiocke from foes: 
 If rauening woltes, to lie in waite they lee 
 They faouide be Irronge, and poiilde, with them to dole? 
 And Co be arm'de with learning* -and with life, 
 they might keepe, their cliatgc 3 from either ihife, 
 
Ed'VA iicv m Pi ovs a oewb' 
 
 *TT hi s figure, !o, Avgvs rvs did deuiie, 
 **- A mirror, good ; for fudges iufte co Tee, 
 And alw ayes iitte, to bee before their. eies, 
 When fentence they , of life, and deathe decree ; 
 Then mui're they hafle, but vene fiowe awaie 3 
 Like buctcrflie, whome creepinge crabbe dotbe ftate. 
 
 The Prince , or ludge, rnaie not with tightc reporte 
 la doubtruil thinges , giue mdgemenf touching life * 
 But trie, and tearne the truthe in euerie -forte, 
 And'mefcie xoyne , with iuftice bioodie. knife: 
 T&is pka/ed well Avgvs t v s noble grace, 
 And ludges all , within this tracke fhoitlde crace. 
 
 Gmjuhfre pMi'u , p.ncere afflittk , fera 
 C&de t'lpnere, tempus At que 'it 4 dart \ 
 QfH quirt em i fitulo pa cm fu& 
 H<tf fwtiti pi/raj, peiiwr hac caelum via. 
 
 tarn ^^in^'.'^ 
 
 poctlt-re '.&■<■ qtMS- 
 rutn GbiprtroiilUTO 
 rocmbcTtt,"ie<f r&k 
 
 r.'m lit. 
 
 idem i..q%k«: 
 
 N:c contra ?.rra?. 
 nte comt* iuh..ua. 
 dum jmtci c-.u{2> 
 yirbot»i:t ji--ctriri 
 
 6iu lexrjirw'tjr. ttlt 
 4e. >jvo 4ir.r o. po- 
 int em.aj jitiion'ro 
 
 idftfOu » r.»aj '\ oro-- 
 r>» face si* 4"oot» 
 
 nan aTniCijis tata* 
 fed'cofsiMfstvjnn 
 ? acinar f^nt.- 
 
 X^ipi rath -it,-; <tj 
 
 Shi 
 
in Sine it4&itU 3 mfitfto. 
 
 M cofkm ludicet. 
 
 When Fire, and Aircand Earthe s aiN3 Water, allweareoner 
 Before that worfcc detune Was wroughte . which nowe wee 
 looke vppon. 
 
 Otf«d. in ttewi There Was no forme of tfringes *» bat a confuted mafle: 
 J-t^utrnfmiavm A lumpe , which Chaos men did call : wherin no order was. 
 
 The Couide , andHcate, did (kiuejtfieHeauicthtnges , and tighte 
 The Harde,aodSofte, Ihe Wette,and Dryc/for none bad fhapearighte 
 tg^-frt^-f^ g ut wnen t hey wears difpofd, cache one into his roomer Ibioome. 
 
 Tit»«!.£. ». The Fire, had Heate: xhc Aire, had Light©: the Earthe, with ftuites did 
 SfafZif^^^he Sea, had hisincreafc: which thinges, to palfe thus bronghte: 
 5w«^waw«^i-,BehouWe,of this vnperfeclbe raafie, the goodly worldewas Wroughte. 
 'bCt^dUM^ .Then all thinges did afeounde, that fecif d die v.fe of roan* 
 tJ'.vitrtqMfirJ^' The Riuers greatc, with wync, and oyle,, and milke, andhonie, ranne. 
 o^fitwvkrti*. TJie Trees did yee'ld -their fruite,: thongheplantingthenvnknowne. 
 
 M»tr*f&, And Ceres ftUl Was in-net pompe, rfcoughc feedc wearc-neacr fownc. 
 Z^S&m feafcn » Sornmet was : the Groues weare alwayes grterie, 
 *u$**r.(rt. And .wetjf baofce, did beacc diebadge,of rragrantJF jlq* a Qoeene. 
 
 Tiii* 
 
1X3 
 
 This was the ^otrMen worlde, thacPoettes praifed raoftc, 
 
 No lute, was huboi'd then at home: nor hatch'd, in fbtreft coftt*. 
 
 But after, when the eartbe,, with people did increafe: 
 
 Ambition, ttratghfcs began to fprmgc: and prydc, did bamOjc peace. 
 
 Foe , as ail tymes doe change : cuen fo , this age did paiTe. 
 
 Then did the liluer age infiie.and then, the age of brafle. 
 
 The Iron age was-lafte,a fearcrull curled tyme: 
 
 Then , armies came of fhifchicfes in i and fil'd the worlde wirh crymc. 
 
 Then rigor , and reuenge, did fpringein euell howcr: 
 
 And men of mighte, did manadgeall, and pooreoppreft with power. 
 
 And hec, rhat mightie was, h^ worde, did Hand for laWc:- 
 
 And what the poore did piooghe, and ibwe: the r itch away did drawe. 
 
 None mighte their wiues inioye, their daughters , or their goodes, 
 
 No, not their hues: fuch tyraunts broode,did feeke to fpill their bfoodes. 
 
 Then vertues weare defae'd, and dim'd with vices vile. 
 
 Then wrbnge , did maffce in clokfof rightc :' then bad, did good exile 
 
 Then faifhood, (hadowed trathe t and hate, laugh' d loue to ileorne: 
 
 Then pitie, and companion rdied : and bloodihed fowle was borne. 
 
 So that no vertues then , their proper (liases did beare: 
 
 Nor coulde from vices bee; deccrn'd, fo ftraunge theymixed weare. 
 
 That nowe, into" the worlds, an other Ghaos came: 
 
 But Gopjthat of the former -neape: the heauen and eanhedid frame, 
 
 And all thinges plac'd therein , his glorye to declare: 
 
 Sente I v s r l c e downc vnib the earthe:,.fuch loue to man hee bare 
 
 Who, fo furuay'd the world, wkn fuch an heauenly veWe : 
 
 That qurekley vertues */hee aduancd : and vices did fabdue. 
 
 And, of rhat worlde did make , a paradiee , of bliilc : 
 
 By which wee doo inferred: That where/this facred Goddes is. 
 
 That land doth florifhe ftiil, and gladwcs , their doth growe: 
 
 Bicaufe that all , to God, and Prince, by her thek dewties knowc , 
 
 And where her pretence wantes, there ruine raignes , and wracke , 
 
 And krngdomes can not longe indure » that doe dus'ladie kckev 
 
 Then happte England mcft, where I v«t» cHri^embrae'd : 
 
 And eeke fo many famous men, within her cfcaire*are placd. 
 
 Ookit.i. M«taar. 
 IamijU»ntctiH J'mni>, 
 pMMJttantmt turun 
 TreAtrti, pn&i btU 
 16, qiudptyud vtn<j, 
 Sanguuitiif. rruumcri- 
 fitaittia ccimait grm*\ 
 Viwtur ex rtffi, nth 
 htJP»i at bejpitittttui, 
 
 Faitseft.ii t l(g<a» ft 
 earum ractu «wi«ea" 
 turaudarfa, tiita^.fic ' 
 inter iaii>r»bcstnn<» 
 ctntia, & in jfEs inv- 
 y f obii fo r it i i da t o f U f- 
 plktorefrxnetur n*« 
 eendi facultat. 
 
 ( luftit'U eft *n)mili- 
 btrtas, ttibuens vni- 
 cutancfbaVn prop riatn 
 dignitatem, riuiori 
 
 1 1 ii ; pari co> 
 for4'.i:K ,n>irion difc i-. 
 plior ;,, ,D.co c'oeKic- 
 tiam , iibt r?i;6- • .i. 
 Hiim, intnino pat ei - 
 tiaui,«geno operoiitn 
 mirerkardiaui. 
 
 tutago rvftitiafvMe* 
 ttirapurf Pttitarfh. 
 lifi. Lie ICae & Ofh- 
 ri<to, & apud G«I1. 
 lib. 14. cap. 4. 
 
 ' Je$ somprmte motus, 
 
 Kec libi quid lut*t,fei quidfectjfe licebit i 
 Qccmrtt , mmmfo domet refiefitu honeUi, 
 
 ft officwoptfrniK- 
 «ticij, Chrv*anu;a4 
 
 Antrim 
 
KM. Arte Poet, 
 tentu. 
 
 Bias 
 
 F open foes , wee alwaies maie beware, 
 V-' And arme our (Hues, theire Malice to wichflande: 
 Yea , thoughe they fmtle > yet haue wee mil a care, 
 Wee crufl them not, althoughe they giue theire hande: 
 Theire Foxes coatc, theire fained hartc bcwraies, 
 Wee neede not doubt, bicaufc wee knowe theire waies. 
 
 But thofe , of home wee nmft in daunger bee. 
 
 Are deadiie foes , that doe in fecret iurke, 
 
 Whoc ■ lie in waite } when that wee can not fce^ 
 
 And vna wares, doe our deftrucrion workc: 
 No foe fo fell, (as Bias wife declares) 
 As man to man , when mifcheife hce prepares, 
 
 Pemcic: bomim qu<t mamma 2 filtu homo alter. 
 
 Sd*sc 
 
AThirftie dogge, to N irys runnes to dnnke, 
 A Crocodile , was readie in the flood : 
 "Which made the dogge, to lappe harde by the brinke, 
 As one that much in feare of poifoning flood 
 And fparingly , began to coolc his hcate, 
 When as hee fee, this Serpent lye in waitc* 
 
 This careful! dogge , eondemnes thofe careles wightes, 
 Althoughe he bee of brutilme kynde bycaufe 
 Thofe reafon lackc, that fpend both daies , and mghtes, 
 Without regard , in keeping Bacc hvs lawesi 
 
 And when throughedrinke, onfeete they can notftande, 
 Yet as they lye, they haue their boales in liadde 
 
 Cantbaron bk minet: eorm bibit alter adunvv. 
 Concauat Me mantis , palmosy, in poculi vertit: 
 Prtuus at ille Um bilnt, & mpmntikm bams 
 Mufia labrit, &t, 
 
 Q_ 5 In(ignU 
 
 De Crocod, Ac- 
 Han. de Animal, 
 lib.?, cap.!}. & 
 lib. ?. cap. j.Dc 
 praefcientia eius^ 
 de qua,, iii prima 
 parte huuis libri, 
 fbl. j . idem AeL 
 lib. 5. cap. jr. St, 
 lib, 8. cap. 4. 
 
 Contra Ebrieta-. 
 tcm. 
 
 Paul S Gal ' c *M 
 
 Pycha. apad Stcib. 
 Primum pocula 
 ianitatise,ft,alte- 
 rum voluptatis, 
 tcrtiu contumC'i 
 lix, vltimum in- 
 fanix. 
 
 Nemef Eclog. 5 
 contra potorcs. 
 
Infignh poetntrum. 
 
 Ad Vtobilif & docltfi. virum D». Iaxvm Dov I am 
 
 A NOOMWIICK. 
 
 6>ukI Mewm.l. 
 
 NicRecfnerHi. 
 
 Hunt vclutri Phctba 
 firtur ficrejli w«/f*,l 
 4>*w<< re fir At tantul, 
 Dulfhiu truant t MM. 
 
 Kor.de acte vott. 
 IttMwrAfirrtt ioMcUitlt 
 tarmtn, *n artl, 
 Jilu*fttum tft. <j# ntt 
 
 fituixu fins AtuUl VtMf. 
 Mm rudt auiipftfit 
 unite ingamm: sit*- 
 rim fit 
 
 «Alwa frafc.it of m f**t 
 tmmt*t tmitt. 
 
 Ouid,|. Art. 
 
 ^T*h e Marthll Captaines ofte , do marehe into the flelde, 
 X With Egks, or with Gripbins fierce, or-Bragons,tn theire fhieldo. 
 But Phoebus facrcd birde, letPoettes. mofte cormnende. 
 Who, as it were by (kill deuinc, with fongc forfliowes his ende. 
 And as his tune delighics: for rarencs of the fame.- 
 So thef with rwcetcnes dB r&eirc verfe, fhonlde winnfca k(Hng name. 
 And as htf , cplour : white: Sincdrenes doth declare. 
 So Poettes mud bee cleane , and pure., and muft of crime beware. 
 For which refpe$:e? the Swaane , frtotild in cheife Eiifigne ftande: 
 No foricn fowlCxaJwJ onctfciuppo^de kinge of L t frv-R i / Lande. 
 
 Cur a dUcm fumnt olm^ngum^ po'eu^ 
 
 Prmkjg antiqui magna tultrt chori. 
 Sanftafa maieftas, & *rat venerab'iU mmm 
 
 VatmHi & Urg* fape-dabanm 9pes. 
 Smim meruit Calabris in montibut arm* 
 
 C&nt'tgUm jmi Scipie ntagntiib't» 
 Hitne edera jke hmmt latent: vperaMfy faStie- 
 
 Cur a vigil Mufis , nomen ittenir babes. 
 Sedfitmam vigiUte mum, quit nefet Htntfftm 
 
 llm 4tenm ft ktmjfet of us, 
 
Chn Urns non faBmium. my 
 
 When He£brs force, throughe rooitallw^tinde did tails, 
 And life beganne , to dreadefull deathe to yeeldc: 
 The Greekes mofte gladde , his dyinge corpes affile* 
 Who late did flee before him in the Selde: 
 
 "Which when he (awe , quothe hec noweworkeyour {pice, 
 For fo , the hares the Lion dead doe byte. 
 
 Looke here vpon , you that doe wounde the dead, 
 With (launders vile , and fpeeches of defame : 
 Or bookes procure , and iibelies to be (pread, 
 When they bee gone , for to deface theire name : 
 
 Who while they iuicfo, did feare you with theire ioofees. 
 
 And for theire (kill , you might not beare their bookes. 
 
 Nullum cum viftis (crtmtn, & ttbere (Apt. Vug. Acacia.??* 
 
 Cdptiuttt, 
 
it $ 
 
 Ctpimus > ®h gulam. 
 
 Feto 4c fc. 
 
 Th e moufe, that longe did ftedeoa <laintiecromnje^ 
 And fafclre feared the cupborde and the ftielfe: 
 At lengthe for chaufige, vnto an Oyfe eooimej 3 
 Where of his deathe, he gailtie was Mm felfe; 
 The Oyfter gap'd, the Moufe put in his head, 
 "Where he was catch'd, and craiQi d till he was<iead. 
 
 ifidomslib. i At The Gluttons fatte , that daintie fare deuoutCj 
 
 fummo bono. 
 Gulas laturicas 
 nimia acie men- 
 tis obtundit in- 
 geniumqueeuer' 
 terefadt 
 
 And feeke about , to fetisfie theire tafte : 
 And what they like, into theire bellies poure, 
 This iuftlie blames, tor fiirfeties come in hafte; 
 
 And biddes them {east , theiDiweeteianddoicet meates* 
 Eor oftentimes j the fame are <leadlie baites. 
 
 ■ — — - O prodiga rerum 
 
 luxw'tes-nunquam paruo content a parafu, 
 Ei qu&fitorum terra peUgoque eiborum 
 mbniofa fames , & huugimu menfk. 
 
The raging Sea, that roares , with fearerull founde, 
 *■* And threatneth all the worlde to ouerflowe ; 
 The fliore fcmetimes v hi$biliowes doth rebounds, 
 Though ofte it winnes , and giues the earthe a blowe 
 
 Sometimes, where fiiippes did iaile: it makes a lande. 
 
 Sometimes againe they Me: where townes did (knde; 
 
 So j if the Lorde did not histagc reftraine, 
 And fet his boundes, fb that it can not pafle: 
 The worlde fhoulde faile , and man coulde not remaine 3 
 But all that is , /hotilde foone be turn'd to was: 
 By ragjng Sea, is mcnt our ghoftlie fbe, 
 By earthe, mans foule : he (eekes to ©uerthrowe. 
 
 And as the fiirge doth worke both daie , and nighte, 
 And (hakes the (hore, and ragged rockes doth rente: 
 So Sathan ftirres, with all his maine, and mighte, 
 Gontmoail fiege, our faults to ciraimuente. 
 Then watchc, andpraie 3 for feare wee fleepe in finne, 
 For ceafe our crime : and hee can nothing winne. 
 
 CSar.*,OflL 
 Prieclara eft ut 
 omni vitaaequa* 
 bilitas, jdenvque 
 vuJtus , eadem- 
 que hons. 
 
 ttrn. i»Epitt. 
 Fer/cueraiuia ttt 
 finis vixtatwa,& 
 finas fine -ju» 
 nemo Video* 
 
IJO 
 
 DiStdfeptem fapmtum. 
 
 ToSirHvaHB Choimiiht Knight. 
 
 * Semen jauod di- 
 e'nnt gith , quod 
 pharmacopeia: vo» 
 cant Wi|cllam R.O- 
 xnaaaci. 
 
 Plutatch. deiib. 
 educar.d. 
 
 <Sjm icljmia omnia 
 tempore diminuan- 
 tut Capicatja tblaift* 
 
 Bftssasd. 
 
 Sapientiz otu-ae- 
 go'.ia font: fc cjuo 
 ouofior ctftfapicti~ 
 
 sr. fifts genere* 
 
 The fages-feuen , whofe fam* made Grecia glad, 
 For wifedotne greats , am ongft theire Iginges wife: 
 Eache on© of them, a goulden fentence had, 
 And Alciat, did the pictures thus deuife, 
 
 For to obferue the vie of Emblems rigfcte, 
 Which reprelent the meaning to out fighte. 
 Keeps foil the meimt^t did Ciiob u t v s leacbje : 
 For meafijre , \o , the ballance ioyn'd thereto. 
 And Knotte thyftlfiu, did ChiloN: aiwaie's preathe; 
 TiiC^Se/behouj^e, that thou: the fame maifte doc. 
 
 Refira'me thy Vtrathe-* , dothe Perundir teli: 
 And fhewes an heatbe *fhat choller dothe .expelL 
 Ntthinge too mHtch<->.-, did P I t.t a. c vs enmmende* 
 Thereto *a flower , whereof too jnuchc deftroyes. 
 And 5 o 10 n lai'd , Remember -JUU thy : e»dcj> 
 Before the which , none can hauc.pcrfect ioyes: 
 
 A piller form'd, decliniage downe he teowes, 
 Which telles that deatHc ,. the ftrongefl. ovrcrthrowcs. 
 Of fyifkeAmenthe. pumber dothe zxctedtj .* 
 This Bias yfd: and caufe for foulc defame, 
 S a roikia moPe is ftairicd , as we rcade , 
 On aiTes backe, bchouldc one ot the fame. 
 
 And Thaler, iafte of all the Sages , fey*cj : 
 Tlee fetoertifhip:, for ieare then bc<betray'd- 
 And vnderneathe, abirdc vpon the net, 
 That dothe not rcare, the craftie foulers call, 
 Hereby wee ofte , doe paie an others debtej 
 And 6x4 our j&eadcs., and briuge our (clues ir^ thjail: 
 
 Which iayinges wife , whoe keeps them in their brcftcS,. 
 By proofs ftull finde, they harbour happie gue&es. 
 
Scripta manent. 
 
 !*> £ir A r t h v it. e Manwaringe Knight. 
 
 13 1 
 
 IF rnighcie Troi e » with gates of fteele , and braflc, 
 Bee wornc awaie* with tra&e of ftealingc time : 
 If C a r t.h a «5 E,4afte; if T hebes be j^rownc with graflc» 
 If B a re l ftoope : that to the cloudes did clime : 
 If A THf e n- si and Nvma.ntia fufFercd Ipoile : 
 If i£GTPT fpires- be euened with the (bite. 
 Thea, wJhai maye lafte, whiGbntne dothe mot impeache,! 
 Since that wee4ee , theife monumetites are gone; 
 Nothinge at all, but time doth ouer icache. 
 Id eates the fteele, and Weares the marble ftone; 
 But vritinges hire.* thoughe'yt doe what itrcan, 
 And are preferu'd, eucn fincc the worlde began. 
 A ad fo they fhall, white that they fame dothe laJfb. 
 Which haae declar*d, and mall to future age: 
 What thinges before three thoufandeyearc* haue parte, 
 What martiall knightes , haue marched vppon this ftage t 
 Whofe adtes, in bookes if writers did not faue^ 
 Their fame had ceafte, and gone with them to graue. 
 Of Samsons ftrcngthe , of worthie I o s v a s might. 
 Of Davids adfces, of A iex Anders force. 
 Of Casar greate j and S c 1 v 1 o noble knigh^ 
 Howe fhoulde We i^eake , but bookes thereof difcourfc : 
 Then fauour them , that leame within their youthe : 
 But buc- them befte , that learnc, and write the truthe. 
 
 R * pernor te, 
 
 Pfopeni'uj. 
 Et TneU (i iterant, & 
 tajuc Troi* fitit. 
 
 Oemofth. in Arg. 
 lib. 1. 
 
 Claridimse otimvr- 
 bes,r;«nc nihil funt, 
 Qhx maxime mine 
 fuperbluni eandem 
 aliquandotorcunam 
 expetientttt. 
 
 Virg.in Mceocnalis 
 obiiu. 
 
 Marmora JAtpn 'y 
 vincunt momuntnt* 
 libcll, : 
 
 Vmiiur iftgemo , c«- 
 ftra monii (runt. & 
 
 Ouid.i.Amoc.io. 
 Hdnditur ve£Ui,icm- 
 mtfrjmgctur ir luri. 
 
 (arrmna qn*m ' 
 hient ,fima pcrinnit 
 trit. 
 
Ty 2. 
 
 ^Demorte , amove : locojkm. 
 
 To Edward Dyir Efquier, 
 
 Joachim. Bclldut. 
 Jtfitt aruttt ansa inter 
 fi Men «tqm Qfridn 
 Hkjkktm £iir«r, 
 gtffa! at sttqjzutm. 
 isijjisit ba>; arumum, 
 strftufii cenfidt tiki 
 
 While furious Mors, from place , to place did flie, 
 And here, and there, Tier fatall dartes did thrower 
 Ac lengthe fhee metre, with Cupid palling by, 
 Who likewife had , bene tmfie with his bowe: 
 Within one Inne , they bothc togeathcr ftay*d, 
 And for one nightc, awaie theirc (hooting lay'd. 
 The morrowe next, they bothe awaie doe hafte, 
 And cache by chaunce, the others cjuiuer takes: 
 Wmtfiiur iwum. The frozen dartes, on Cupiddcs backe weare plac'd, 
 The fieriedanes, the leane virago ihakes: 
 
 Whereby enfucd , fache alteration ftraunge. 
 As all .the worlde , did Wonder at thetrhaunge. 
 For gallant youthes ,whome Cupid though te to woundc* 
 Of loue, and life, did make an endc at once. 
 And aged men , whome deathe woulde bringe to grounde : 
 Beganne againe to loue, with llghes, and grones; 
 Thus natures lawes, this chaunce infringed, foe: 
 That age did loue, ahd youthe to graue did goc. 
 Till at the lafte, as Cupid drewe his bowe, 
 Before, he (hotte : a younglingc thus did crye, 
 Oh Venus fonne, thy dartes thou dofte not knowe, 
 They pierce too deepc : for all thou -hittcs, doe die : 
 Oh (pare our age, who honored thdp of ou1de» 
 Theife dartes are l?one, take thou the dartes of goukfe. 
 
 Which 
 
Which beinge Aide, a while did Cupid ftaye, 
 And fa we, how youthe was almofte cleanc extinft : 
 And age did doate , with gaclandcs frefhe , and gayc, 
 And heades all balde, weare newe in wedlocke linckt: 
 Wherefore he (hewed, this error vnto Mors, 
 Who mifcontent , did chaungc againe perforce. 
 
 Yet lb k as bothe (bine dartes awaie conuay'd, 
 Which weare not theirs : yet vnto neither knowne, 
 Some bonie dartes , in Cupiddes quiuer ftay'd » 
 Some goulden dartes , had Mors amongft her oWnc. 
 
 Then, when wee fee , vntimelie deathc appeare; 
 
 Or wanton age : it was this chaunce you heare. 
 
 'Trudentes <-wno abstinent. 
 
 Lob here the vine clothe clafpe, to prudent Pallas tree, Max. lib. 6. 
 
 The league is nought, for virgines wife, doe Bacchus frendfiiip flee. M «l»« < A ux yLH 
 
 Alciat. me vexat " ram * - ? Sum arbor, te appear, sc nr~ 
 
 Aufme bins htm, wjto fustt Bntmum. tunbus ianuam 
 
 * * & claudit,-A:deIi? 
 
 Englifhed fo. , dls a F e -«. 
 
 Why vexe yee mee yee boughes ? frnce I am Pallas tree: 
 Rcmoue awaie your clufters hence , the virgin wine doth flee. 
 
 R i in co- 
 
134 
 
 In colons. , 
 
 To Edwards Past on Efquier. 
 
 T 
 
 ftt* few* h*bt 
 
 h e dicr, loe> in fmoke, and heate doth toile, 
 Mennes rickle mibdes to pfcafe , with fundrie hues: 
 And though hee learne ncWe collours ftill to boile, 
 Yet varijng men , wouldc fiunc ibroc newer choafes 
 And fceke for that , which arte can not deuifc, 
 When that the ouid, mtghtc veric well iiiffife. 
 And forne of them, here brteflie to recite*. 
 'vZr*S% i Z? V ' U * $ ^ n< * f0 declare, with whome dicy beft agree i 
 ™to"di7*mtmtu For mourners, blaekg, foe the< religious , White, 
 bohiwi'u tit*. "Which is a figne , ot confeiencepure, and free. 
 N* jj*yl*'ii*tttviri. ^he & reent » agrees with them in hope that liuc; 
 Mi. frti<w»*]ji And celec toyouthe, this colour wee do giue. 
 
 H ^!£ tmin ' t * ^ e y el{,v ** next -» vmo ^e eou^tous wiehee. . 
 
 A nd" vnro thufe, whome ieloulie doth tret. 
 
 The man refund , in Taunye doth delite. 
 
 The coilour Rtdde , let marriall captaine. get. 
 
 And little boies, whome fliamefaftnes did grace* 
 The Roti>ai«<?s decked , in Scatlet like their face. 
 
 The marriners* the BUfoe becometh wdL 
 
 Bicaufe it fhowes the colour of the (ea ; 
 
 And Prophettes, that of thinges deuine foretell, 
 
 The men contenr , like Violet arraic. 
 
 And lafte, the poorc and meaner iorte prdtude* 
 The medley ) gtaje > and rttjfcty neucr dy dc. 
 
 Loe here 
 
Loe here, a fewe of colours pkineexpreste, 
 And eekc the men ,. with whomc they be ft agree : 
 Yet cucfie one* doth thinke his hewe the beite, 
 And what one likes , an other lothes to ice : 
 
 For Nature thoughe ten thonfande colours haiie, 
 Yet vnto man , more vapfijng miftdes jflbe gauc. 
 H?oV?e ftteujfgers , Who their countries fiill evntmendc } 
 And make v* mufti , With colours they recite : 
 Maye thtnkj our Unit, /mall cfmfe of hues doihAcnde. 
 Bycaufe Jofme, ofmanie I doe Write. 
 
 Y et let them kjpWe? my AuUhor theft pe femes, 
 inottghe fot tbofe> wheme reafin JIM contenxes. 
 But fit) e Wee Ucke, their herbes, their formes , their flies, 
 And Want the '-metrics x their gallant htm to fame . 
 Tet Eiigtax&q, hath her Jhtre of orient diesl 
 ind etkt therein. 4 DVbr mvsl of fam> 
 
 W/»5, dWaies bathe fo fine, and fteJJie, * hgtoe, 
 That in tlkk landes , the: like is not to veWe* 
 
 A Reuerend (agei of wiftdome rnoft prok>undc A 
 Beganne to doate^ .wd laye awaye his boofcesf: 
 For Cvi'i» then , his tender harce diH wounde, 
 That onlre oowe, he lik de his ladies lookesr 
 
 Oil V H NTS -ftaie? (nice once the price was thine, 
 Hid© ought? ft not ftjH , at Pallas thus repin©. 
 
 Otmtes humane* fanat medimd dofores : 
 Solm mot .m/arbi non amat anificem, 
 
13 o 
 
 sAh&menili. 
 
 Ad ampUj?. viruw D» Cuoivm C a x. r h o r p e Regit Ma * 
 prccuratorem m Hiberma, Dn.mthi omnibtct mcdU coltneLtjftmum. 
 
 Apud rufturaltidi- 
 tem folaconlcientu 
 propria tmicnda el\- 
 
 *A»gutt. Dt cejnm. 
 ■vit. Cler. 
 
 Kon vos iucJicetls 
 snaieuoloj e(Te,c;ii3r 
 <$o slterius crimeo 
 iudtcaiis : magij 
 ipippe nocctes iftis, 
 fi fratres vcffroj, 
 «jttr>s iudicando cor- 
 hgere poteftis , ta- 
 tedo peviic petmk- 
 
 S»obai}! ex Plmair- 
 thi Serm.44. tetulit 
 imagines iudieum 
 apud Thebas tfft, 
 fiae snambus, at 
 fummi ittJieis irna- 
 ginem chads ocu- 
 lis: Eo quod iuftitia 
 nec munerib** ca- 
 ps , ncc horoHuim- 
 vultu ffefb d«-beat„ 
 
 AuTon.dt vsro bo- 
 no £dy!l. i$„ 
 
 Who fo are plac'd , in facied luftice roome , 
 And haue in charge, her ftatutes to obferue: 
 Let them with care , behoulde this garniih'd toome* 
 That fuche a one, at lengthe they maie deferue : , 
 Of marble harde, fuppofe the fame to bee,. 
 An Ewer eeke , vppon one. corner ftandes, 
 At th*othcr endc , a bafbn wee maie fee; 
 With Towell raire , to wipe theire warned handes : 
 Th'eflfeclre whereof, let Iudges printe in minde,. 
 That they maie leaue a lairing name b*ehindev 
 The marble fhowes: they muft bee firme , and fure, 
 And not be pietfc'd , hot mooued from the truthe : 
 The refte declare: they muft bee cleane ».and parej 
 And not inclined to rigor, or to ruche. 
 But , when a caufe befere them Ihalbee harde, 
 Wirh confeience cleare , Jet them the fame decide 5 
 No Ritche , or Poore , or frend , or foe , regarde. 
 For feare, they doe thronghe theire affedions. Aide : 
 
 But let them wame, theife handes from euerie crime, 
 That Go d maye blefic, and here prolonge theire time. 
 
 prihi in Mum dtdinat lumina Jimuum, 
 Ovinia quant Imti rtput&utrit iieti 
 S>uf prttS'.rgrejTiul qutdgesium tottmpmi {iwiinan)' 
 £ur isfi fi&o dtsstt abfuit , Mt r*tw tUi } 
 
 mhi prMtiiium : tur but finttnVia fidit^ 
 Sluutm meiiiHmHtart frit} mifiretHt tgentem, 
 Cur. altquaa facia ftrfo'Ji mtnH dettrtm J 
 
 Quid velui, quod mile benum firetl vtiU hmJtt 
 Cur mains antctuli? tium SBe t nut demqut vultit 
 PerffriHuf tiusfqHsm? -/ur mctutttsra, magU quit 
 X>ij r ciplii>a trjhtt? fa diSi & pBa ptr amnu. 
 lngrtdtens , urtiqut ivt/ftre cttntJa rmslutiM, 
 
tonftmtid. comes fvjBorU, 
 
 To M ii.ES Corbet Efquier. 
 
 '37 
 
 S^l 
 
 ii 
 
 *Tp h e (hippe , that iongc vppon the (ea dothe faile, 
 And here, and there, with varrijng windes is toftc: 
 
 On refekes , and fandes , in daunger ofte to qtiailc. 
 
 Yet at the lengthe , obtaines the wifted coafte: 
 
 Which beingc wonne , the trompctts ratlinge blade, 
 Dothe teare the Ode , for ioye of perills pafte. 
 
 Thoughe mafter refte, thoughe Piiotte take his cue, 
 Yet nighte, and day, the (hip her coune dothe kcjpct 
 So , whilft: that man dothe faile thei/e worldlie teas. 
 His voyage (Iiortes: althoughe he wake, or fkepe, 
 And if he keepe his courfe diredc, he wirmes 
 That wiflied porte , where laftinge ioye begin nes, 
 
 Bsmetrius Thaler. 
 Tarrie aggredcrc, quod aggrelTurus'tsperfeiieranterpro/cnaere. Nam 
 vt inquit Greg, lib.i. Mor. Incaflum bontim agitur. fi ante vita: ter- 
 minum deferatur: Qmafruftra vtl-ocicer curm qui piius, q uam ad 
 jnctas venehr., deficit. 
 
 S Ex hello 
 
 Boui gubcrn.'.to- 
 risciV, ventcuu fe 
 flatibus accom- 
 modare : viriau- 
 tern fapiciis,ani- 
 mi affe&ibus. 
 Arid apud Stob, 
 
r$8 
 
 De fake ex enft, 
 Mattiahs. 
 
 Tif Hvche C|holme.i8Y Efqu'ur. 
 
 Th r helmet ftrongc , that did the head defende, 
 Beholde , for hyuc, the bees in quiet lem'd: 
 And when that wanes, with bloodic bioes , had ende. 
 They , hony wroughtc , where fouldioar was preferu'd: 
 Which doth declare, the blefled fruites of peace, 
 How fwcete fhec is, when mortall wanes doe ceaie. 
 
 Pax m ceru duck pUcidts curuauh in vfut: 
 AgricoU nunc fm , mBtit note fui. 
 
 Cdunmiam contra calummatorem<z>irttK npMu 
 
 \\7 ho fo with force againft the marble wall, 
 VV Of piller ftrongc , doth fhoote, to pierce the lame: 
 It not preuailes, for doufic the arrowes fall, 
 Or backc tcboundc , to him from whence they came: 
 So (launders foule , and wordes like arrowes kcene, 
 Not vcttuc huttcs , but turncs her foes to tcenc. 
 
 Sic 
 
Sic Jjreftanda fides. 
 Tf Gsorcb Manwarihci Ijquter. 
 
 *4i 
 
 IS 
 
 TH e wxiche dorh trye, the fine, and pureft goulde: 
 And not the {bund , or els the goodly fhowe. 
 So, if mennes wayes, and verfucs, vrce behoulde. 
 The worthy men , wee by their workes, {hall know*. 
 But gallant lookes, and outward (Howes beguile, 
 And oftearc clokes to ccgitacions vile 
 
 JUicitum mn jferattduM. 
 
 H 
 
 Chud.i. Stil. it 
 fide. 
 
 ft fl timftft firm it , 
 
 M/BlfHTItftU *d* iTKtt 
 
 lifat, ntt m*Hli —Htcl 
 Ingtniwn , ptru i :t-i • 
 fitu ree timnJunri 
 DtffiMfHitHHr, • 
 Jtuiiri filittm 
 sAUtcitttr vtm- "/w 
 H4Ut, <b"i , 
 
 e r f Nemesis, and Hope - our deedes doe rightlie trie. s^$w"'*fi»ys>, 
 Which warnes vs , nor to hope for thac , which tuilicc doth ««fr«»£i*<rf/&»': 
 
 S i Teriunt 
 
140 
 
 Ter'utnt fummosfdmlpa. mntes. 
 
 To I.. T. Efquier. 
 
 .Gregor.m mor, 
 Ciimquisponrus 
 in profpentate 
 diiigitur , inccr- 
 tum ert, vtrum 
 profperitas an 
 pcrfbnadiligatur. 
 Amifllo aute fce- 
 licitatis intcrro- 
 gat vim di e£tio- 
 nis: net profperi- 
 tas cjuidem arrii- 
 cum ihdicat, nec 
 aduertiras inimi- 
 cmn eclat. 
 
 Era£in Epift, 
 Nihil aducrlum, 
 nifi qupd nobis 
 obftat ad arter- 
 •nam fcelicirarcm 
 propcrantibus : 
 jiihilprolpcrum, 
 nifi quod deo 
 conducit. 
 
 Ov'ii. i. Art. 
 AmandL 
 
 Th e bandogge, fitte to matche the bull, or beare> 
 With burthens greate, is loden euery daye: 
 Or drawes the carte , and forc'd the yoke to weare: 
 Where littell dogges 'doe pafTe their time in playe: 
 And ofte, are bould to barke , and eekc to bite, 
 "When as before s they trembled at his fighte. 
 
 Yet, when in bondcs they fee his thrauled ftatc, 
 Eache bragginge curre, beginnes to fquare, and brail: 
 The freer jforre ? doe wonder at his fate, 
 And thinke them bcftc, that are of ftature fmalb 
 For they maie fleepe vppon their miftris bedde, 
 And on their lappes, with daynties ftill bee fedcfe. | 
 
 The loftie pine , with axe is ouerthrownCj 
 And is prepardj to feruc the fliipmans Cume: 
 Wheo bullies ftande , till itormes bee ouerblowne. 
 And lightninges flallie, the rnountaine toppes dotbbume. 
 AU which doe fhewe: that pom pe, and worldlie power, 
 Makes monarches^markes: when vamjnge fate doth lo wer. 
 
 Luxuriant amm rebus fletuntque fecundis> 
 Necfattk iji <tqua commda ftteiuc patl 
 
 Ferfidm 
 
Terfidtts famtliam. 
 
 To G. B. Efqukr. 
 
 I 4 f 
 
 While throughehis foes, did bonlde Brasidas thruftc, 
 And thought with force, their courage to confounde 
 Throughe targat faire, wherein he put his trufte, 
 Hbmanlie corpes feccau'd a roortall wounde. 
 
 Reinge afk^d the caufe, before he ycelded ghofte: 
 Quoth hee, my ftiitldc, wherein I trufted mofte. 
 
 Euen Co it happes , wee ofte our baync doe brue, 
 When ere wee trie, wee truft the gallante (howe : 
 When frendes liippoafd , do proouc them fellies vntrue, 
 When S i n o n falfe * in D am on s lhapc dothe goe : 
 Then gulfes of gricfe, doe fwallowe vp our mirthe, 
 And thbughtes ofte times, doe fhrowa vs in the carthe. 
 
 Alt is not gouldc that glittcreth to the eye: 
 
 Some poifon ftrongc , a mgred tafire doth keepej 
 
 The crabbe ofce times, is beautifull to fee. 
 
 The Adder fell, within the flowers doth creepe: 
 The braueft tombe , hath ftjnking bones within: 
 So fawninge mates, haue alwaies faithlede bin. 
 
 Yet, to preuent fuch harmes before they fall , 
 Thinke howe thy frende, maie liue to bee thy foe: 
 Then , when your loue exceedeth mofte of all, 
 
 S 3* Locke 
 
 Laeedxmontsrum 
 dux apad Pluttf- 
 chum. 
 
 S*pe ftti upon* tatet 
 hirtus ptlle Lycaon: 
 
 Sul/que Qattnt pio, 
 ptrfdus Vic Nm. 
 
Plaut. Capt. 
 tie fiikhs fis fkteti: 
 Caue flaiam fidem 
 geras. 
 
 Cato. ^ 
 
 JjinneritytHncjua pofl 
 iangum ttmfut amuM* 
 Mutautt mtres, fid pi - 
 gntrttpma mmextq. 
 
 !41 
 
 Looke that thy tonge, doc not at randonne goe : 
 
 For feare thy fpecche, doe turnc vnto thy lmartCj 
 If that thy mate, doe bcarc a I vd as hartc. 
 
 But. if thou doe inipye a faithfull frende, 
 See that with care , thou keepe him as thy life : 
 And if perhappes he doe v thar. maye offende, 
 Yet waye thy firende : and (hunnc the eaufc of ftrife, 
 
 Remembringe fttfl, there is no greater croffe; 
 
 Then ofa.frende , /orj to fuftaine the loile. 
 
 Yet, if this knotte of frendihip be to knitre, 
 
 And Sgipio yet, his Lelivs can not finde? 
 
 Content thy fclfe, till lome occafion fitte, 
 
 Allot thee;pne , according to thy minde : 
 
 Then trie, and trufte : Co maifte thou liue in reft, 
 Eiit chieflie fee, thou trufte thy. felfc the befte? 
 
 In copia minor error. 
 
 T B e ape in trceyt>eganne at fbxe beneatn 00 Eaiie : 
 And faid ,hee wa/a mamelefle be-aft to wearefo great, a taile. 
 Then aimfwere made the foxe , I maye thee more deride, 
 Bicaufe thou haftc no taile at all, thy .{hamelene panes to hide, 
 "Which. Oiewes the bitter fruitc , that doth of mocking fpringc: 
 Tor (corners ofte 3 fach mates doe mecte,thacworle then ierpemcsrftmge. 
 
 yindite 
 
Vmdccfato. 
 
 To G. B, fen- Efqtiier, 
 
 »45 
 
 When fentence wronge, of will , and rigor vile, 
 Was framd, to pleafe the Emperor Valen sminde: 
 Which fhoulde condemne Saincl: Basil to exile: 
 And nothinge lack'd , but that it was not fignd: 
 Th'Emperor thoughte to take no longer paufe, 
 But tooke his penne, for to confirme die caufe. 
 
 But all in vayne, the quill would take na inke, 
 Yet ftill herein, he lewdlie did perfifte : 
 Vntill his hande beganne to (hake , and (hrinke, 
 Whereby , the penne did fall out of his ftfte : 
 
 Wherefore for feare, he rente the writte in twaine, 
 Then feare the Lorde, and ralhe aitemptes teirainc. 
 
 Home 
 
 Valciis Impera- 
 tor , Atrianar fe- 
 &x faumr , tan- 
 dem per Gothos 
 
 viAus , irp do- 
 munculaqua a!> 
 Icoudkus erat, 
 corabuftusaunf* 
 Domini } So. 
 SabeL <5t Sex. 
 Auu. 
 
44 
 
 Homohommi lupus. 
 
 Sicut Rex in tmagi-. 
 iie fua hoiioramr : 
 fic Ucus in honiine 
 diligitur , iS^ oJitur. 
 I-Jon poteft homi- 
 ncni odirc, qm dcu 
 
 amac . nrc jioteii 
 dcG amare qui ho- 
 ir.incm odit.Cluyf. 
 fuper Mavth li. 
 
 Mica fabula JeAn- 
 drode & Leone. 
 Aul.GcUi. 5.M.14. 
 
 Idem de Arione 
 
 NO mortall fee Co full of poyfbned fpitCy 
 As man, to man, when niifcbiefe lie pretendes: 
 The -monfters huge , as dniers authors write, 
 Yea Lions wilde , an4 fiihes wearc his frendes : 
 
 And when their deathe, by frendes fiippofd was fought, 
 They kindneffe fhew'd, and them from daunger brought. 
 
 Ar ion lo , who gained ftore of goulde, 
 In countries farre; with harpe, and pleafant voice : 
 Did (hipping take , and to Cori n't h v s woulde, 
 And to his wifhe , of pilottesi made his choife: 
 Who rob'd die man , and threwe him to the fea., 
 A Dolphin, lo , did beare him fafe awaie. 
 
 Farad- pocticus. 
 
 Quit nefcit vafias dim delphina per vndas, 
 Lefbida cum far 9 vtte tulijfe tyram l 
 
 In Cm- 
 
in cwiofos. 
 
 Let maidens fowe ; let (chollers : plie the fchooles. 
 Giuc P a l i n v r e : his compaiTe , and his carde. 
 Let M arSj hau'e armes :let Vvlcane, vfr his tooles* 
 Giue Corydon, the ploughe , and harrowe hardc. 
 Giue Pan, the pipe : giue bilbowe blade , to ftva&e. 
 Let Grimme haue coales : and iobbehis whippc to laftie, 
 
 Let none prefume an others arte to vfe. 
 But trie the trade , to which he hath bene kept : 
 But thofe that like a fkill vnknowne to choofc, 
 Let them behoulde : while that the workeman (Tept, 
 The toying ape 3 was tempringc with his blockes, 
 Vntill his foote was cruih'd within the ftockes. 
 
 cap. i, 
 
 ■ •£> Hud mtJ:carwa tfi 
 Tronttrrut.i i iaiici, 
 
 NJHtt/t de ventk; de taurk nan at arator ; 
 Etmtwrat tniks yttln&a ; paikr oms. 
 
 T 
 
 Propcit.*. 
 
In iminum. 
 
 dem lie. 
 
 Two ibnnes of I o vte diatbdl of man deterue, 
 * Apollo greats and Bag c h v s, this impartes; 
 Wick diet good j the one doth healdie pre feme, 
 With piea&ncc wine, die other chcarcs our hartes. 
 
 And theife , die worlde immortal! Goddes would haue a 
 Bicaufc longe life , with fwecte delighte } they gaiic. 
 
 But if theife are fo foueraigne vnto man 3 
 That here , with ioye they doe mcreafe his daies, 
 And frefhe doe make the carefull colour wanne: 
 And keepc him longe from jficknes, and difeafe: 
 I graunte } they ought to be renowmed more, 
 Then all the Goddes , die Poettes did adore. 
 
 Tu vine euros i tuviclrt driue morfos, 
 Vt lento aceedat cttrua feneftapede. 
 
 Fit 
 
Fel in mile. 
 
 *47 
 
 r O Cv'pid here > the honie hyes to tafte , 
 
 ' On whomc , the bees did .ftratglit extende their power: 
 For whilft at will he did their labours wafte , 
 He founde that fweete> was fauced with die lower: 
 And till that time hee thought no little thinges, 
 Weare of inche force : or armed Co with (tinges* 
 
 The hyues weare placed, accordinge to his mmde, 
 The weather warme, the honie did abounded 
 And C v v i d iudg'd the bee? of harmelerfe kinde , 
 But whilfte he tri'de his naked corpes they wounde : 
 And then to late his ralhc attempte hec ru'de, 
 When after fweete , Co tarte a tilte imu'de. 
 
 So ofte it hapnesj when Wee out tancies feede^ 
 
 And only ioye in outwards gallant iliowcs. 
 
 The inwarde man > if that wee doe not heede, 
 
 Wee ofte } doc pkicke a necdc'fof a roi'c: 
 No baite Co (weete as beautie ,. to the eie^ 
 Vet ofte, it bathe worfs poyfon then the bee. 
 
 I'aradif. p ot'ticm. 
 £trnnt perfuja vcntKtf, 
 
1 4 $ Fere ftmtle ex Theocrito. 
 
 To L A V R A , 
 
 Whilst C v p i d had dcfire to taftc the honie iweete, 
 And thtuft his hand into the tree, a bee With him did meete. 
 The boyc no harmc did doubt , vntiH he felt the ftingc: 
 But after to his mother ranne, and ofce his handes did wringe. 
 And cry'd to her for hcipe, and toulde what hap befell: 
 Howe that a little bead with pricke, did make his finger fwell 
 Then V en v s fmiling fay'd , if that a little bee ? 
 Doe hurte Co fore i thinke howe thou hurt'ft \ that.m achridetofec. 
 For where the bee can pierce no further then the fkinne : 
 Thy dartes do gine fo great a wounde, they pierce the harte within. 
 
 Cim qm cmuemt aliud tx Anmemte. 
 
 As V e n y s. forme within the rofes play'd, 
 
 A buiie he* that crept therein v.iicenc, 
 
 The wanton wagge With poylbned ftinge afla/ilt 
 
 "Whereat, aloude he crt de, tllroughe F&aartc , and teene. 
 And "fought abour , his mother for to findc: 
 To whome , with griefe he vttered all his minde. 
 
 And lay'd , behoolde, a little creature, wilde, 
 
 Whome huibandmcn (I heare) doc caH a bee, 
 
 Hath prick'd mee fore alas ; whereat (lice fmil'dc. 
 
 And fay'd :' my childc, if this be griefe to thee, 
 Remember then » aithoughc thou htde artel 
 "What greeuouscwouxide , thou makeit with thy darte. 
 
%Amar fd. 
 To D. E. 
 
 I4> 
 
 T^Y arcissvs loude , and liked fo his dupe, 
 -*-^» He died at lengthe with gazingc there vppon : 
 "Which fliewes felfc loue, from which there fewecanfeape, 
 A plague too rife: bewitcheth manic a one. 
 
 Thetitche, the pore, the learned, and the fotte, 
 OfFende therein : and yet they fee it not. 
 
 This , makes vs iudge too well of our defertes, 
 When others (mile , our ignorance to fee: 
 And whie ? Bicaufc felre loue doth wounde our hartes, 
 And makes vs thinke , our dcedes alone to bee. 
 
 "Whiche fecret (ore , lies hidden from our eyes, 
 
 And yet the fame, an other plainlie fees. 
 
 "What follie more, what dotage like to this?' 
 
 And doe we fo our owne deuife efteeme ? 
 
 Or can we fee fo (bone an others milfe ? 
 
 And not our owne ? Oh blindnes moft extreme. 
 Arled not then , but trye , and prooue thy deedes, 
 For of felfc loue, reproche, and fhame- proceedes. 
 
 T 3 Nufquam 
 
 Ouid.Metam lib, 
 
 Analus in pift. 
 
 praef. 
 
 tiareiffm liquiju fir- 
 ma JpccuUtm in vndu, 
 Ctiuemnciu Mas, arjii 
 amore fui, ire. 
 
 Tcrcnt.And.t.*: 4. 
 Verum illui vcrhii cit, 
 vul-(» tjucddii i fo/et 
 Omna jibt nulle rae- 
 Iim efe, qu.mi Mt<ri. 
 
 Suum cuiquc puU 
 chrumeft„ adliuc 
 nemineni cognoui 
 poaam, qui libi no 
 optimus vidcretur, 
 fic res habct, me de- 
 Ieftaru mca, te tua. 
 Cicer.j.Tufcul. 
 
Nufquam tut a fides. 
 
 /Elian, JeAninjit. 
 Itb.i }. cap.S. (mbiz 
 <juod ElephSti fuat, 
 akitudims eu- 
 faitoturo, latitud. J, 
 ik lib.n-ca, 7.quod 
 viuunc ad xtatqn 
 xoe. Annorum & 
 connulli ad joo. 8C 
 multa mira de illis, 
 hbao. cap. if. 
 
 Cato Kb. t. 
 tiffuU dulce umt Wf 
 
 ttfi, 
 
 NamaPompilius 
 JUunaa. Rex i. 
 
 N O ftate fo tare, no feate within this life 
 But that raaie fall ", thoughe longe the famchaueftoode 
 Here rauninge foes , here fained frendes are rife. 
 With pickthankes, blabbes, ami fubtill Sinons btoode, 
 Who- when wee trufte , they worke our ouerthrowe> 
 And vndetmine the groundc,w heron wee goe. 
 
 The Olephant fo huge , and ftronge to fee, 
 No per ill fear'd : but.thought a ileepe to gaine 
 But foes before had vnderminde the tree, 
 And downe he falles , and, lo by thern was flaine : 
 Firft trye, then trufte : like gouldc, the copper {hQW« 
 And Nero oftc \ m N V m a s ciothinge goe^ 
 
 SiVm i ?■« 
 
 feeder a mortales we fiuo rumpite ferro, 
 Sed caSUm fauate fidem j fulgent'ibta oftfQ 
 H*t frtw regms , &(. 
 
Quodnoncajnt Chri&us 3 rafttffcus. 151 
 
 Where couctoulhes the fcepter doth fupporte, 
 There , greedie gripes the Kinge dothe ofte extoll: 
 Bicaufe , he knowcs they , doe but make a fporte, 
 His fubic&es poore, to {haue, to pill , and poll ? 
 And when he fees , that they are fatte, and full ? 
 He cuttes them of, that he maye haue theire wofle? 
 
 Vnto a (ponge , theue are refembled righte-: 
 Which drie at firfte , when it with water fwelles, 
 The hande that late did wette it, being lighte : 
 The fame againe, the moifture quite expelles. 
 And to the flood, from whence it latelie came, 
 It runnes againe , with wringinge of the fame. 
 
 Orbem iam mum viftor Romanut babebat, 
 Qua mare, qua terra , qua ftdtts currtt vtrumque y 
 Nec fatiatm erat , grau'tdis ft eta pal fa car mis y 
 lam feragrabantur , ft quis firms abditus vltra , 
 Si qua f met telius, qua fulmm m'ttteret aurum, &c. 
 
 ■ ' Pauper- 
 
152. Tatfertatem fummu mgemis obeffe neprouehantur. 
 
 Ad DottiJS. virum Dn. W. Mali*. 
 
 o 
 
 n e hande with winges , woulde flie vnto the ftarreSj 
 And raife mee vp to winne immortall fame : 
 But my defae, neceffme ftill barres 5 
 And in the dufte doth burie vp my name : 
 
 That hande woulde flie , tii other ftill is bounde, 
 "With heauie ftone^ which- houldes it to the ground. 
 
 My wiflie , and will, are ftill to raounte alofte. 
 
 My wante , and woe } denie me my defire : 
 
 I ihcwe theire ftate, whofe witte s and learninge , ofte 
 
 Excell , and woulde to highe eftate afpire : 
 But pouertie, with heauie clogge of care, 
 Still pulles them downe 3 when they afcending are. 
 
 ilaud facile emergunt , qmrum y'wttmhw objiat 
 
 fro few 
 
*Pro bono, malum 
 
 Ditodccetn hie fe- 
 queniii , ob eleraa- 
 liam , 8c venufta. 
 tem: e G. Fat'rni, &- 
 k&is fabulis fnai- 
 
 The flange, that hardly fkap'd the hunters in the chafe, 
 At lengthe, by fhadowe of a tree , founde refuge for a fpacc. 
 And when the eger houndes had lcfte their wHhed praye, 
 Behoulde,with biting of the boughes , him felfe heedid bewrayc. 
 ThrouMie which , the hunter ftraight did pierce him to the harte: 
 "Whereat, (quoth hee) this wounde I haue, is iuftly my deferte. 
 For where I gx)d did finde, I ought not ill requite : 
 But lo , thefe boughes that fau d my life , I did vnkindly bite. 
 Wherefore, akhoughe the tree could not reuenge her wronge: 
 Yet nowe by fates, my fall is wrought, whomighre haue liued longe. 
 
 In pace ck bzUo. 
 
 T 
 
 h e bore did whette his tuflces , the foxe demaunded why : 
 Since that he had no foes athandc, that mould their (h arpnes try. 
 
 V To which, 
 
i54 
 
 To which , he anfwere made, when foes doc me befet, 
 They ail aduantage gladlie take , and giue no ieatie to whet. 
 Which tcachcth vs, in peace, our force for wacres to frame : 
 Whereby , we either (hall fubdue, or loofe the field with fame. 
 
 Th e lyon , afle , and foxe , goe forthe to hunte for pray :"■ 
 Which done: the lyon bad the afle, the tpoile. in partes to lay. 
 Then he with greate regarde , three partes alike did mare: 
 Wherat, the lyon in a rage , the afle in peeccs tare. 
 The foxe he charged then, for to pcrforme the fame: 
 Who, ail the befte, vppon one heape, did for the lyon frame: 
 And littell of the worfte, did for him ielfe refcrue: 
 Then beinge afie'd, what taughte hitn Co vnequally to carue? 
 This fpeftacle (quoth hee) which I behoulde with care: 
 Which fliowes , thofe happie that can bee by others harmes beware 
 
 IniuU 
 
Indtdgentla parent urn 9 fliorutn ftrnicics. 
 
 ATheefe , condemn'd to dye , to execution lead : 
 His wofuil mother. did beholde , for ibrowe almofte dead. 
 And whilfl. fhe kifM herfbnne, whome (he did tender deare: 
 The tawarde childe did kidi with teeth? and otf her nofe did teartv 
 "Whereat, the ftamders by exclaymed at his a&e: 
 Then quoth" the theefe,my rnafters marke, I will defend fhe facte. 
 My mother , in my youthe , did with my faults difpence: 
 And euermore did like me beft , when I did mod orFence. 
 &> that , fhe was the cauie that made me doe amide: 
 For if fhee had correction vfde, I had not come to this. 
 Wherefore > I did reuenge my wronge, in what I mighte; 
 In hope, my facte fliali mothers warne, that doe behouid this lightc, 
 For if the Children fteale, and come vnto the rope : 
 It often is the parentcs faulte, for giuing them inch fcope. 
 
APurblinde dame agreed with one to helpe her fight ; 
 Who,day lie when he home retorn'djdid fteale what fo he might. 
 At lengthc when all was gone , the pacient gan to fee : 
 And then,the falfe Phifition afk'dthe price ^ they did agree. 
 Whereat quoth flie , alas , no rcmedie I finde : 
 Bycaufe my fences either fade, or ells my eics bee blinde. 
 For, where my houfe before was garnilh'd eueric nooke : 
 I, nowe can fee no goodes at all, though rounde about I looke. > 
 
 Dura vfu moBiora. 
 
 \\ Then firft the foxe , the lyon did behoulde, 
 VV Hee quak'd for feare, and almoft dead did fall : 
 The fecond time , he waxed fomewhat boulde j 
 But at the third , hee had no feare at ali, 
 
 Which fhewes, that artes at firft raofte harde to lee, 
 "With triall oft , both piayne , and eafie bee. 
 
 In eos 
 
In tos, (jul^proximiorihus fyretis semotkra feqmntwr. 1 57 
 
 Th'a str on o u e r , by night beheid the ftarres to fhine: 
 And what fhould ehaunce an other yeare, began tor to deutne, 
 Bat while too Ionge in Ikyes, the curious foole did dwell, 
 As heewas marchinge through the (hade, he flipt into a well. 
 Then crying out for helpe, had frendes at hand, by ehaunce; 
 And nowe- his pcrill being pad; they thus at him doe glaunce. 
 What foohfhe art is this? (quoth they) thou hould'ft fo deare, 
 That doth forihowe the perilks fake: but not the daungers ncare. 
 
 Saturrm precul eft, iatnque oimt cam. yt aiuut, Morns rn E pig. 
 
 Nec pop€ d'tftermns a puero lapidem: 
 Luna rerecundii form/a mcedit ecellis, 
 
 Nec mfi virginetm virgs videre poteji: 
 Ittpiter Europam, Martm Venttt, &VtntxemUm i ' 
 
 Daplmen Sel, Her fen jsisreurius recoht: 
 Eiiic fattuwi Afirobge,eft,tuacimc4pftYxor antAntes, 
 
 sidera fignificem yt nihil inde tibi. 
 
 Toft 
 
1 5 8 IPo&jku: -uxor morofa. etiam difcors- 
 
 Colasmv s wife , in raging flood was drown d? 
 Who longe did (eeke hercofpes, againft the ftreame: 
 His neigbours thought his fences weare not (bund? 
 And did deride his madnes moft extreme : 
 Who call d aloude , thy wife beneath did fall? 
 Then dounwarde.feeloe, or feeke thou not at ail. 
 
 To who me, quoth he,, the place belowe I fee, 
 Yet in her life, gainft reafon (he did ftriue: 
 And contrarie to euerie one-, woulde bee ; 
 Wherefore , I knowe this way flie needes rauft driue ? 
 
 Then leaue, quoth they, and let her frill be drown'd. 
 
 For iech a wife is better lofte then fbundei 
 
 Bum 
 
Dum atatls <ver agitur : confide bruma, 1 3 j? 
 
 IN winter coulde>, when tree , andbuflic , was bare, 
 And froft had nip'd the rootes of tender gra£fe : 
 The antes > with ioye did feede vpon their fare, 
 "Which they had ftor'de, while fommers ieafon was* 
 To who me , for foode the grafhopper did ctie^ 
 And (aid foe ftaru'd, if they did helpe denie. 
 
 Whereat, an ante , with longe experience wife ? 
 
 And froft 3 andmowe, had manie winters (eene: 
 
 Inquired , what in fommer was her guile. 
 
 Quoth fiie , 1 ibnge >.and hop't in meadowes gteene: 
 Then quoth the ante, content thee with thy chaunce, 
 for to thy fonge, nowe ars thou light to daunce? 
 
 3ilin- 
 
TlilmgtMs camndi. 
 
 ASatyre , and his hofte , in mid ©f winters rage, 
 At night, did hye them to the fire , the could for to aflwage. 
 The man with could- that quak'd, vpon his. handes did blowe: 
 Which thinge the Saryre marked weilj and crau dthe eau/etd knowe> 
 V/ho anfoere made , herewith my fingers I doe heate: 
 At lengthe when flipper time was come , and bothefat downe toeatcv 
 He likewi/e blewe his brothe, he to oke out of the potce: 
 Being likewife aflced why : (quoth hee) bicaufc it is to whotte. 
 To which the Satyre fpake , and bfow'ft thou whotte , and coulde^ 
 Hereafter, with ruch double mciuthes, I will no frendfhip- houide. 
 "Which warneth all , to fhonne a. double tonged matet 
 And let them neither fuppe, nor dine, , nor come within thy gate. 
 
tArtxklu&tur arte. 1 6 s 
 
 HT h e fkkly foxe , within her hole, was hid, 
 
 Where , to the mouthe / the lion Araighc did hye ; 
 And did demaunde moft frendly ■, how Ihee did, 
 And (aide, his tonge woulde helpe her, by and by? 
 Bicaufe there was fiich vertue hid therein, 
 That all he heal'd , if he did licke their ikinnc. 
 
 Then quoth tlie foxe . my Lorde ? I doe not doubt, 
 But that your tonge is foueraigne, as I heare; 
 But yet, it hath fuch neighbours round about? 
 It can not helpe , I iudge, while they be neare. 
 
 Wherefore , I wifhe you woulde them baniOie all? 
 
 Or ells } I thinke your pacients wilbee fmali. 
 
 X In eo^ 
 
i G l In cos qm multa promttmt, & nihil pr<zBant. 
 
 Inmalisproittif- 
 fis rcfcinde fide,, 
 in turpiirotomu- 
 tadecretUj quod 
 incauti YouifU, 
 non ftcias: im- 
 piaeftpromiffio, 
 quae fcelere ad- 
 implptur Xiid. u 
 Spliio. 
 
 Th e crying babe , the mother fharply threates, 
 Except Jie ceaf d , he (houlde to wolfc bee throwttc: 
 Which being hard , the wolfe at windowe wakes, 
 And made account chat child fiiould bee his owne: 
 Till at the lengthe, agayne he hard her fay 
 Feare not fweete babe , thou fluit not bee his pray. 
 
 For , if he come in hope to fiicke thy blood, 
 "Wee wii him kill, before he (hall departe: 
 With that the wolfe retorned to the wood, 
 And did cxclayme thus wife with heauie hart." 
 Oh lupiter ? what people now doe liue , 
 That prornife much, and yet will nothing giue. 
 
Vletas jj!iorum in parentes. 
 
 65 
 
 : proles, 
 ffici 
 
 qtT.x efhcit vt ge- 
 nuine iuiiet , Be 
 gencrarc libeat. 
 Max, lib *. 
 
 Aeneas beares his father, out of Trove, 
 When .that the Greekes, the fame did fpoile,and focke: 
 His father might of fuche a forme haue ioye, 
 Who throughe his foes, did beare him on his backer 
 No fier , nor fworde, his valtaant harte coulde feare, 
 To flee awaye , without his father deare. 
 
 Which (howes, that (bnnes muft carefull bee, andkindc. 
 For to releeue their parentes in diftreffe : 
 And duringe life, that dutie fhoulcte them binde, 
 To reuerence them , that God their daies maie bleiTe: 
 
 And-reprehendes tenne thowfande to their (hame, 
 
 Whoofte difpife the ftocke whereof they came 
 
 Hlnc fatus v£neas : petas fiefou fer tgnes : 0ll!tIi ¥aft> 
 
 Smcta fatremjf burnetii ; altera facra 3 tulit. 
 
 X 1 
 
1 64 tAkqtnd mali propter vkinm malum, 
 T& my Father M. Geffrey "Whitney. 
 
 tmum-VKsm (rtmon*. 
 
 tt Angel. Falirianux 
 id Maato fua. 
 
 Tu tamtn *,rmfer* ni- 
 mum vmna Qrminut, 
 j§£fiA fits amiffieu: 
 quid fits rrita JA&nSm 
 mmpum 
 
 JftsjSwfS&j nitttcs htf. - 
 kt(o ftansim ctcntt frc. 
 
 Et ttiam apisd Plau- 
 tum, pauper. Buciio 
 jescufat affinitatem 
 cum diuite Megado- 
 »» faceiiffime. . 
 
 BcclefittH. j 
 it duior'jie nefo» 
 cius fueris : Quid 
 :omraunicabitca* 
 tabuc ad ol423 quan- 
 do eoim fe collift- 
 rint, cou&ingccur. 
 Diiictiniefteegit,& 
 fremet : pauper ami 
 Ixius, «actbir. &c. 
 
 fitttfnuidt*, 
 
 luqiiit ingtorius mrm 
 
 ttii istsge parts. 
 
 'TT w a pottcs, within a runninge ftrcame weare cofte, 
 **• The one of yearth, the other, was of braife: 
 The brafen potte, who wifo'd the other loftc, 
 Did bid it ftate , and ncare her fide to pafTe. 
 Whereby they might, togeathcr loyned fore : 
 Without all doubt, the force of flood indure. 
 
 The earthen potte, then thus did amweare make, 
 This neighborhood doth put me much in feare? 
 I rather choofe, my chaunce tarre of to takej 
 Then to thy fide, for to be ioyfied neare, 
 For if wee hitte , my parte ihalbethe wurfte. 
 And thou ffaatt fcape, when I am all to burfte. 
 
 The running ftreame , tiiis worldlie l(ea dothc (hewe- 
 Thepottes, prefent the mightie , and die pore: 
 Whoe here , a time are tolled too , and ftoe, 
 But if the meane, dwell nighe the mightiesdorc, 
 He maie be hurte , but cannot hurte againe, 
 Then like, to like: or belle alone remaine. 
 
'To& omara efaJrU* 
 
 To M Thomas Mynors, 
 
 i«5 
 
 Sh arpe prickes preferue the Rofe, on cuerie parte, 
 That who in haite to pull the fame intendes, 
 Is like to pricke his fingers, till they finarte? 
 Bat being gotte, it makes him (Iraight amendes 
 his Co frefhe , and pleafant to the fmell, 
 Thoughe he was prick'd , he fhinkes he ventur'd. well. 
 And he that fame wouide get the gallant rpfe, 
 And will not reache , for feare his fingers bleede ; 
 A nettle, is more fitter fot his nofe? 
 Or hemblocke meete his appetite to feede? 
 
 None merites fweete , who tafted not the fbwer, 
 Who feares to climbe, defcrues no fruicte, not flower, 
 "Which fhowes, we (houlde not fainte for anie paine^ 
 For to atchieue the fruidres of our ctefire : 
 But ftill proceedc , and hope ^at lengthe to gaine, 
 The thinges wee wifhe, and craue with hartes entire: 
 Which all our toile, and labour, ihal requite, 
 For after paine, comes pleafure, and delighte. 
 When winter endes, comes in the pleafant fpringe. 
 When nighte is done, the gladfome daye appeares. 
 When grei fes be gone, then ioye doth make vs fingc. 
 When ftormes be pafte, the varijng weather cleares. 
 So after paine?, our pleafores make vs glad, 
 JSut without fower , the fwcetc is hardlie had. 
 
 X 3 
 
 hcno;i) _ 
 
 A'en (jv.tfyiUHnjru-tm' 
 Veril tisrtin*, 
 Hybtios lattbnt »« 
 JpvliHt fhuot, 
 Sifimti catif*i./!ti~ 
 nizai ruboi. 
 .Arm*: /pin* npU ( 
 
 Vulat nmmvnnt qui 
 fun guffaml tnsara, • 
 
 Veritas 
 
i66 Veritas mmffd. 
 
 T$ my tncU Geffrey Caiuwrickte. 
 
 Thovghe Sathan ftriue , with all his niainc , and naighte, 
 To hide the triune ,and dimme the We deuinci 
 Yet to. his worde s 'the Lorde doth giue fuch lighte. 
 Thai xo the'Ealti and Weft, the fame dothftline: 
 And thofe, that are (o happie for to looke, 
 Saluation finde, within that Welled bpoke. 
 
 |>e Viper% A<- 
 
 Sc Piin.Dcnacur. 
 h5iT-> Iib.8. 
 
 u{g.iS. TTl s fcruauns.es God pre/ernes, though'e they in danger BAh 
 Tremclijas JTj.. Euen as fioaa vipers dcadlie*bite, he kept th'Apjpoftle Paule. 
 
 Cut*. 
 
Cum tempore mnumur. 
 
 Ad Dn. Iohannim Croxton. 
 
 Times change , and wee doc alter in the fame, 
 And in one ftaye , there nothing dill maye bet; : 
 Whav Monarches greate, that wanne the chiefefl Fame, 
 But ilealinge rime , their birthe, and dcathc, did fee: 
 Firfte Nbstor fuck'd , and Home r firft Was 
 Bo?hc famoiis dnce s y« bosh to duft arc broughtc. 
 
 Wee fit ft jre younge, and then to age wee.yeeldc. 
 Then n*tt awaye* as we had not bene borne : 
 No vignt lb ilronge , but time doth winne the fceldc. 
 Yea winders once ,, are out of mentor!? weme : 
 Thi.> /Egypte fpires, and Babel! , fawe in fine, 
 When they did mounce, and when they did decline, 
 
 Felix qui propria atturn ffdnjegit m auru t 
 Ipfa domui puerum quern vidtt ipft fenem; 
 
 Out baculo nitetix , in qua rtptattit arena, 
 Vnim nuntetat fault longacaft: 
 
 lilnm nor, rmc traxit fortwa tumult*? 
 Ncc bibit\nom mobtUt kvjpti Aqtub. 
 
 caughte, 
 
 Ouid*. 6. Faft. 
 Tcmfkr<s Ubimt:<r /«- 
 ritijg. jQntfcimu* unnit, 
 
 Etfigbmtfrmrwn 
 itmtrtKtditi. 
 
 Claud. Ac Seaec, 
 Wtocenfi. 
 
 Et p*ul6 port. 
 Xn^tnttm tntmmt p.ty- 
 t<» fUtgT.mne (jturii. 
 
 st nib; 
 
Ouid.*< Art. * 
 
 6% 
 
 Gui«L uhtao^r Qombtjmb was .wjtte efteerrrdc, of greater price then gonlde; 
 lTpci"fw mm. *3 BufWifrdome .pore, mair no we goe begge ? and ftarue vidiouc for 
 
 '^l^tritii ^ ^ ea » tn 9 a |jkc : t ^ at ; Homer come, with all the Mufcs guarde, [collide. 
 ^ "* ° Yet if he noihinge hrw.pc ? mull fafte, and dande within the yards? 
 
 ©«skfci Popt» \ Jt an s wMedome great, doth farre furpaflc his ftretjgth^ 
 S^XS, For P roofe > behduUcnoman coaUWstheWe? 
 
 Ob* 
 ^* 
 
 4>tfci£efi4eli**r «••», * - ■ , , 
 
 £m»Uit matt , m But yet „ his witre deuiipd. at. the fcagthe, 
 
 Then wiiedorne chiefs, and ftrengii ; e,muft come behind?, 
 Btetbothebegood ? and gsftes from God affigndc. 
 
£MMe f&vu mde diLbtmtur. 
 
 In fosnerateres. 
 
 A N vferer , whofe Idol was his goulde, 
 
 JLJL Within his hoine, a peeutfhe ape retained : 
 
 A feruaunt fitte, for fuche a nuier oulde,' 
 
 Of whome both mockes, and apifhemowes, he gain'd. 
 Thus, euenc daie he made his matter fporte, 
 And to his clogge, was chained in the courte. 
 
 Arlengthe it hap'd ? while greedie graundfk din'de? 
 
 The ape got loofe, and founde a windowe ope: 
 
 Wherein he leap'de, and all about did finde, 
 
 The God, wherein the Mifer put his hope? 
 
 Which foone he broch'd, and forthe with fpecde did flioge, 
 And did delighte on ftones to heare it ringc? 
 
 The fighte , righte well the paflers by did pleaic, 
 
 Who did reioyce to finde thefe goalden crommes: 
 
 That ai! their life, their pouenic did eaft. 
 
 Of goodes ill got, loe heere the frui&e that commes,, 
 Looke herevppon, you that haue Midas minte s 
 And bee pofTefte with hartes as harde as flinte. 
 
 Shut windowes clofe , iefte apes doe enter in, 
 
 And doe difperfc your goulde, you- doe adore* 
 
 But woulde you learne to keepe, that you do winne? 
 
 Then get it well 3 and hourde it not in {lore. 
 
 If not: no bouhes, nor brafen barres will ferue, 
 
 For God Will wM\e your. ftocke> and make your flerae. 
 
 Si lifctflariis con- 
 tent! eflecoos, mini* 
 me vlurariorutn gc. 
 vi as peffimuro inu*. 
 nircfurPluaJeh.sfe 
 fiilt, yit. 
 
 Auarin'a omnia its 
 fe viiiahabet- AuU 
 Cell. lib. :i c . 
 it kkmlib.j.cap.. 
 
1 70 Fere fimtie frmctcnti, ex tAlciato* 
 
 Catoficrc Rufr. 
 Pdot ciuis zxvM- 
 Jnaturfirncrator, 
 <juam far. 
 
 tmiltt itrtm km*. 
 
 ^T* h E' greedic kyte , fo fflYhli gbrge had cloy'dc, 
 **• Hccoulde not brookc hivlatt deuoured prate : 
 
 'Wherefore with griefe , vntd his damme bee cry'dc, 
 
 My bowellcs lo, alas doe wttfte awaic. 
 With that quoth fhee\ 'biiy doftc thou make thy mone, 
 This loife-thou hafte is nothingc o f thy ownc. • 
 
 By which is mente,,that tlicy who hue by fpoile, 
 By rapine , thefte , or gn^mge goodes by inighce, 
 If that with lolTe they jEuffct ame foile. 
 They loofc but that, wherein they had no righte? 
 
 Hereof, at firfte the prouerbe oulde did growc : 
 
 That goodes ill got } awaie a* ill ^tll goe, 
 
 Vfns 
 
Vfa khri, non kSTio prudentes fkcrt. iyt 
 Ad a a. P. 
 
 Th e volumes great 3 who Co doth, ftuTperufe, 
 And dailie turnes, and ga&eth' on . the fame, 
 |f that the fruicle rhereof , he do not v&, 
 He reapes but toilc , and neuergaineth feme: 
 
 Firlte rcadc, then marke, then praclife that is good, 
 For without vfe , we drinke but Lethe flood! 
 
 Of pra&ife longe , experience doth procecde^ 
 And wifedomc then, doth euermore enfue: 
 Then printe in minde. , what wee in printc do reade 3 
 Els loofe wee time , and bookes in vaine do vewe: 
 Wee maie not.hafte, our taient to beftowe, 
 Nor hide it vp 0 whereby no good: fhall growc- 
 
 Lc£lto multorurn^ohirniniim, &omuis generis auttorurn, habet alk]uu3 ' 
 vagum & inftabile - . certis^ingeniis, immorari & innntriri opoitct, d ve- 
 la* aiicpiduoher^ quod in aniniofidcliterfedeat^Sencc. I. Epift. z~ 
 
 interna iffcmeitrt 
 
I7 2, Stttetus inuigtbtndum. 
 
 Ad iuuentutm Schol* Aldeleme'np hi Anglld. 
 
 Ouid.j.Art. 
 Nee <\ua prattnit tm- 
 Jk, rswKobitur vnda: 
 
 Nee <ju* prtttriit 
 k»ra, reMrcjntefi. 
 Vtcndu tsl elate, cite 
 fedt Ubitur M4l, 
 
 Ntc bona tarn (iqw. 
 tut qukm b»na fnma. 
 
 Stu&a, qua Hint ia 
 addlefcetuia, tan- 
 ouim in bcrbi; fi- 
 gnificant , quae vir- 
 sutis maturitu , & 
 quant* fruges in- 
 duftriae fine fumrss 
 CicecoproCcelio. 
 
 T\ 7* hues prime of youthe,is frefhe within his flower, 
 VV Take houlde of time : for it doth hafte awaye. 
 Watche , write , and reade , and (pende no idle howcr, 
 Inritche your mindes with fbme thinge , euerie daye : 
 For ioiTe of time , all other IoiTe exceedes, 
 And euermore it late repentaunce breedes. 
 
 The idle forte, that ignoraunce doe tafte, 
 Are not efteem'd, when they in yeares doe growe: 
 The ftudious, are with vnderftanding grae'd, 
 And mil prefefd , thoughe firft their caulinge lowc. 
 Then haue regarde , to bani(he idle fittes, 
 And in your youthe , with flail adorne your wittcs. 
 
 Whereby, in time fuch hap mayc you aduaunce, 
 As bothe your Towne, and countrie, you maye frende: 
 For, what I woulde vnto my felfe fhoulde chaunce: 
 To you I wiflie, wheare I my prime did Ipende. 
 "Wherefore behoulde this candle, booke, and glade: 
 To vfe your time , and knowe how time dothe paffe. 
 
 Prxcocia 
 
Th e fruiutethat fboneft ripes, doth (boneJt fade awaie. 
 And that which flowlic hath his time , will not Co foone decaie. 
 Our writing in the dufte , can not indure a blafte : 
 But that , which is in marble wroughte , from age , to age,, doth lafte. 
 Euen Co it is of wittes , fome quicice , to put in vre-j Sfiett^S 
 Some dull to learne , but oftentimes the flowe are founde,and fore, ptocedin. qax 
 
 And thoughe the apte , and prompte: foone learne, and foone forget, Sed'SimuKqu* 
 Yet ofte the dull do© beare m minde , what firft therein was fer. did«c«nus - mcdita- 
 Hereof xhe prouerbe comes: Soone ripe, foone rotten turners 'tFCfSSS^-' 
 And. greeneft wood, though,icindlinge longe , yec whotteft rnoft it nic iono. 
 burnes. 
 
 O forntofi puer t nmmn ne crein colon. V«& y - k ' • 
 
 ^/ta Itguflra cadunt , vaccinia nigra leguntur, 
 
 Y 3 Jff/a?- 
 
Alciatus. 
 S*M fierilt ftjftt («»» 
 tmftrt turpiMil ehtn y 
 
 lajhlix , fru8«t >'» 
 jrw* (Umnaftrt. 
 
 Sue ton. inrita 
 Neronis, 
 
 TF fence I had j my owne eftate to knowe s 
 Before all trees , my iclfe hath cauie to cne : 
 
 Ineucrie hedge, and common waye , I growe., 
 
 Where , I am made a praye , to palters by : 
 
 And wlisn, they fee my nuttes are ripe^, and broune, 
 My bowghes are broke , my ieaues arc beaten dounc, 
 
 Tluis-eueric yeare , when I doc yeelde increafe, 
 
 My proper frui&c, my mine doth procure : 
 
 If frui&lelTe I., then had I growen in peace. 
 
 Oh barrennes, of all moll happie 3 lure 
 
 Which wordes with griefe , did Ag r i v v t k a grone, 
 And mothers more , wiiofe children made them mone, 
 
 Locus c nocc 
 
 Cert} ego fij mnqtutm peperijfem , mm njfcm,: 
 lft# cljtemnefira digna qwetefuit* 
 
Otioft femper tgtntts. 17 S 
 
 Here, Idlenes doth wcepe amid her wantes, 
 Ncare famifted: whome, labour whippes for Ire: 
 Here , labour litres in chariot drawen with antes: 
 And dothe abounde with all he can deure. 
 The grafliopper , the toyling ante derides, 
 In Sommers heate , caufe (he for coulde prouides. 
 But when the coulde of winter did increafe, 
 Out of her hill , the ante did looke for newes: 
 "Whereas (he harde the grafliopper to ceafe, 
 And all her fbnges , (hee nowe with fighing rues: 
 But all to late, for now for foode flhc ftaru'd, 
 Whereas the ante had ftore, fhe had preferud. 
 
 All which doe warjie, while that our Sommer laftes, 
 V/hich is our youtl>c : with frcfiSe, and liuelic ftrcngthc. 
 Wee mufte prouide , for winters bitter blaftcs. 
 Which is our age : that claimes his righte at lengthc. 
 
 Wherefore in youths, let vs prouide for age ; 
 
 p or ere wee thinke he ftealeth on the ftagc. 
 
 Semper 
 
17 6 . S emper f ratio ejfe infortmia. 
 
 *T* hree careleffe dames, amongfte' their, wanton toies, 
 
 Did throwe the dice, who firftc of them fhoulde die: 
 And fiiee that lofte, did laughe with inwarde ioyes, 
 For that, ftiee thoughte her terme flioulde longer bee: 
 
 But loe, a tyle ,vppon her head did fall, 
 
 That deathe., with fpeede, this dama from dice did call 
 
 Ciiinis poteft ac- Etien fo , it falles, while careleffe times wee lpende: 
 ^ampoiS That eueli happes, vnlooked for doe comrae. 
 mx. _dc tranquil.. But if wee hope , that G o d fbrae good wil (ende, 
 a W* In eameft praiei , then muft wee not bee domme: 
 
 For bieflinges good:, come feild before our praicr, 
 But eucll thinges doe come before we feared 
 
 ludit In hutnanis diuina potentU rebut, 
 Mssrtam p&fcni vix hdet hsrajidt 
 
Vnka femper mis. 177 
 To my cotintrhien of the Namptwiche in ChejWtu. 
 
 he Phcenix rare, with fethers frefhe of hewe, 
 Ar A bias righte , and facred to the Sonne : 
 Whome, other birdes with wonder feeme to vewe, 
 Dothe liue vntill a thoufande yeares bee ronne : 
 
 Then makes a pile : which , when with Sonne it burn*.' 
 Shee flies therein , and fo to afhes turnes. 
 Whereof, behoulde, an other Phcehix rare, 
 "With fpecde dothe rife mod beaurifull and faite : 
 And thoughe for truthe, this manie doe declare, 
 Yet thereunto, I meane not for to fweare : 
 
 Altho'ighe I knowe that Auclhors witnes true, 
 What here I write, bo the of the oulde,and newe. 
 Which when I wayed, the newe, and eke thc.oulde, 
 I thought vppon your towne deflroyed with fire: 
 Arid did in minde, the newe Nam paviche behoulde, 
 A fpectacle for anie mans defire : 
 
 Whofe buildinges braue, where cinders weare but late, 
 Did reprefente (me thought ) the Phoenix fate. 
 And as the oulde s was manie hundreth yeares, 
 A towne of fame , before it felt that erode : 
 Euen fo, (I hope) this Wi cu e, that nowe appeares^ 
 A Phcenix age fhall lafte, and knowe no lofle: 
 
 Which Gon vouch fate, who make you thankfull, aii: 
 That fee this rife,. and fawe the other fall." 
 
 ParacUf.pott. 
 Set* in JEM *Us ri 
 
 Jj>it fat vitam iwrn 
 Titpityiinetapiti 
 
 Mait 'ib 5. Epigt.7. 
 
 ££uxitttr ^ij'jvifi te- 
 ntmnt mandia »?<&»: 
 
 Qua fjunicrn aviii, 
 mxta Plirn ira, Ni- 
 tarai, hiftor lib. to. 
 cap. 1. viuirad fex- 
 centos fexaginta sr.. 
 nos. quo iocc 3i 
 alia qwardam pto-i 
 giofa coT.mcrr B 
 ras?tur. ejua , «c<v- 
 liiam ad Ecnblcnja- 
 ' its fecttn«;ara r.ihv 
 actir.crit, cui libebit 
 kgcndarrlmquo, 
 & apud ^Sliaa. Dt 
 Amm lib.fi. cap. j 8» 
 
 Oukl Met. lib. tf, 
 
 feii. tpfitTlftnftnct afa t 
 
 th,Kif>i..c.*-: 1 
 Std'T^nn* lot btymu 
 
 fine,* mu.it 4frH*ii$rtf 
 
 Ctium 
 
£tor.Kb.t.Ep.n. 178 
 
 Tv R. P. 
 
 • H Y fleeft thou 'throughe the worlde? in hopeto alter kinde: 
 No forrcn (bile, hatli anie force to change the inward rninde. 
 Thou dofte but alter aire, thou altered not thy thoughts: 
 No diftance farrc can wipe awaye , what Nature firft hath wrought?. 
 The foole, that farre is tente fome wifedome to attaine; 
 Returnes an Ideot, as he wente , and bringes the foole againe. 
 N^rl^Vit^Jfi. Where rancor firfte hathe rootc, it growes , liue where wee fhai: 
 mn* f4<pnfu4. And where as malice is by kmde s no abfehce he! pes at all. 
 
 The catte, in countries kcpte, where are no.myfe for praye, 
 Yet, being broughte where they doe breede,her feife fhec doth bewray e. 
 The beaftes of crewell kinde, where hate, by nature growes, 
 Thuughe parted longe, yet when they meete, become moft deadlie foes, 
 Which prooues, no trauaile farre, no coafte, nor countrie ftraunge: 
 Hath anie force to alter kinde , oi* Natures worke to cfaaunge. 
 
 Quo fugh ah demens ? nulla eft fi%4! tu Beet vfque 
 Ai Ttnmnfugw , v/que fequem tnm* 
 
tAuri fitcra fintcs quid non ? 1 79 
 
 TTVe sire to haue , dothc make vs mucbe indurc , 
 A-* In trauaiie , toilc , and labour voide of refte: 
 The marchant man is caned with this lure , 
 Throughe fcorching heate, to regions of the Eafte: 
 Oh thirfte of goulde , what not ? but thou canft do: 
 And make mens hartes for to confent thereto, 
 
 The trauaikr poore, when ftippe doth jfaffer wrackc, 
 Who hopes to fwimmc vnto the wifted lande, 
 Dothe venture life, with.fardle on his backe, 
 That if he (cape , the fame in fteede maye ftande. 
 Thus , hope of life , and loue vnto his goods, 
 Houldes vp his chinne , with burthen In die floods. 
 
 2 z Vtrbum 
 
 Wottt.lih.!. Ipift.r. 
 
 hnf%tr txtrtmvi i orrrt 
 pitrCAtir*din4n> 
 Pir mart pAUftrttnt 
 jUjins per fix* pir 
 
Verbum ermjfum non eft reuocdile. 
 
 W 
 
 h o lookes , maye leapc : and fauc his fhinnes from 
 knockcs. 
 
 uS&tSfc Who tries, maye tmfte: e!s flatmnge frendes fliall finde. 
 qS^SScs. ^ e ^ ues the fteedc , that kecpes him vnder lockes . 
 fcientiaconcipk.iei Who fpeakes with heede , maye bouldlie fpeake his minde. 
 JS!°Gte S s . hI"* But hee, whole tonge before his wittc, doth runne, 
 n,iI - u Qfte fpeakes to foone , and greeues when he hathc done, 
 
 ^fauimgu^l'oht A worde once fpoke, it can retourne no more^ 
 nreuM «**«. g ut fiies aw£ue * anci Q £ te chy doth breede : 
 
 feS«ce. wmfn A. wife man then , fettes hatche before the dore, _ 
 gMi^unpto; And while he maye£ doth fquare his fpeedbe with heede, 
 dBirtpstarius.atque The birde in hande, wee maye at will irftraine, 
 §e*o*StoSSt. But beinge fiowen, wee call her backe in vaine. 
 
In occafoncm, 181 
 
 To my K'mjman M. Geffrey Whitnkv. 
 
 Wh at creature thou? Ocxafion idbefhoxve. »erat.«nW,:i^ 
 
 On whirling wheele declare why dofte thou ftande? i d Bunkum. 
 
 Sicaufe , / ft ill am tojjed too , and froe. mfonunwmthni 
 
 "Why doeft thou houlde a rafor in thy handc? ?JS«fe'SJ«»r." 
 T£rf/ men mate knovee I cut on euerie fide, 
 AndVehen I come, I armies can deuide. 
 
 But wherefore haft thou winges vppon thy feetc ? 
 To fhorve , how lighte I flie Vcith little Veinde. 
 What meanes longe lockes before:? that fuche as nteete, 
 aMaye houlde at firfle , "Vohen they occapon finde. 
 
 Thy head behinde all balde , what telles it more-? 
 
 That none [houlde houlde, that let me flippe before. 
 
 Why doeft thou ftande within an open place? 
 That I maye ^earne all people not to fiaye, 
 But at the firsle , occasion to. imbrace, 
 And "ft hen fhee comes , to meet e her by the ^mye. 
 
 Lyfippus fo did thinke it be si to bee, 
 
 Who did deuife mine image, as you fee. 
 
 2 j Pountid 
 
'Potcnth amoris. 
 
 Faltadius Sotanui. 
 Omnia v'mat amor, 
 Juferurn rex mugip m 
 aruk, 
 
 Pa.llmt.ib- Tiun, 
 omnia viiicit amor. 
 Omnia vincit amor,flt^ 
 xit Proftrpinaditem, 
 Jblartebiandx-VeniU, 
 omnia vinat'amor* 
 Omnit vincit amor, 
 iarbaraTolyphtmus -. 
 adornat, 
 
 Tan ft vidit oqt«u } 
 'omnia vincit amor. 
 Qmnia vincit. amor, 
 Jiruet Neptunus tn 
 vndu, 
 
 Nenit x^Uiilts, .. 
 tmnn vmctt ammr. 
 Omnia vincit^ amor, 
 Salome, Scipio villi, 
 
 /lion eutrfum est, 
 omnia vincit amor. 
 Omnia vincit amor ca. 
 lot., ^Tartar a, (7 
 ■i/rbcs, 
 
 Et ntmor* , ir pif. 
 ai 4 smm vwcd *mtr. 
 
 Here, naketlloue doth fit, with imilingexheare, 
 No bende^ bowe, nor quiuer he doth beaiei 
 One hande, afiflie: the other houldes-a flower* 
 Of Sea., and Lahde^io mewe that he hath power. 
 
 Tukhi'ttudo rv'mcit. 
 
 To the fith \efi. 
 
 W 
 
 h z n creatures firfte weare form'd, they had by natures lawes,- 
 The bulks , their hpr-nes. : the horfes,. hoofes : the lions, teeth s 
 and pawes>- 
 
 To hares, fliee Iwifrenes gaue: to fifhes-yfinnes aflign'de* 
 To birdes, their wjrnges : fono defence was lefte for woman £in<!e. 
 fiat , to fuppJie that wante , fhee gaue her {ache a face : 
 "Which makes the boulde, the fierce, the fwifce, to ftoope* and ploaSc 
 for grace. 
 
 8& 
 
Qui me aitt mt txiingm. 
 
 i 
 
 The godlie loue, doth louers crounc with fame : 
 The wicked loue, in (hame dothe make them Hue. 
 Then leaueto louc, or loue as reafon will, 
 For, louers Iewde doe vainlic languiihe ftill. 
 
 Scribitin mrmon U[m> 
 
 In marble'harde our harmes wee alwayes graue , 
 Bicaufe , Wee ftill will beare the fame in minde : 
 In dufte wee write the benifittes wee haue, 
 Where they are foone defaced with the wm-ie. 
 So, wronges wee houlde, and rtcucr will iorgiue f 
 And foone forget, that ftili wich-vs Ihoulde Hue. 
 
i $4 
 
 Nec fibiy net dt&fu 
 
 To Apbilus. 
 
 snarlinge curre 3 did in the manger lie, 
 > Who rather ftem'd? then made the haye, hismeate, 
 Yet (hew'd his fanges, and offred for to flie 
 Vppon the oxe , who hungred for to eatc. 
 
 And there throughe fpite 3 did keepe the oxe frbmfoode: 
 Vntill for wante , hee faynted as hee ftoode. 
 
 The couetous man cmrious . here behoulde , 
 fxEaT^?* Who Jiath inowghe 3 yet vfe thereof doth lacke; 
 
 And doth enuie his needie neighbour , ftioulde 
 But get a groate , if he coulde houlde it backe? 
 
 Who , thoughe they doe pofTeflfe the diuill . and all? 
 Yet arc they like the dogge, in oxes ftall ? 
 
 Scrifta 
 
 fupcr Math. H.o- 
 mil.41 
 
Scriptdnon temereedenda. 
 
 Ad dcttif v'trum D. St. Bviivm. 
 
 LO , hercQ^i n ct i li v s fitter, a graae and reuerende fire : 
 And pulles a youngtinge by the arme , that did for fame defire; 
 For, hee with pace of fnayle, proceeded to his pen; 
 Left hafte ihoulde make him wtfhc(toolate)itweareto write againt, 
 And therfote ftili with care, wonlde eucrie ihinge amende; 
 Yea,oftc eche worde , dhd line (uruaye , before hee ,made an ende. 
 And,yf He any fawe, whofe care to wryte was fmall: 
 To him , like wordes to thefe hee vf'd r which hee did meane to all. 
 My fotme , what worke thou writes 7 eorrecteyXeforme, amende, 
 But if thou like thy firft aiTayc, then not Qyi n ct i l i v s frendel. 
 The. frui&e'at firfte is fowcr, all time giuf pleafante tafte : 
 Arid verie rare- is that attempte , tha« is not harm'd with hafte. 
 Perfection comes in time , and forme and faftiion giues : 
 And euer ra{henes,yeeldes repente, and raoft difpifed Hues. 
 Then, alter ofte , and chaunge, perafe,and reade, and marke. 
 The man that foftlie fettes his fteppes, goes (afeft in the darke. 
 Bat if that third of fame , doe pricke thee>forthe too fafte: 
 Thou flialt (w* 'ait is all to late) rcpente therefore at lafte. 
 
 a Orphei 
 
 QuiijftiliJ Var. ceri- 
 fura de frriptis ed£- 
 dis Horn; Art.potfe 
 
 Om'd. j.Faft. 
 
 Dijfer, habent - parol 
 tommeda m*gna Hurt) 
 
 State. Again. 
 Prrindt qtuttjutdifl,d*i 
 JpMium ir umpiu ttbt: 
 Quod ratio nequit, Jk • 
 ft fanamt Piera. 
 
Orpbei JMufica. 
 
 Ad emdem. 
 
 Hotit. Ait. poit. 
 
 Hyluefirei homines fa- 
 cer interprefcj.deorum, 
 Ctdttnu ir fade vtRi* 
 Aeterrwt Orpheus ; 
 Dittos ok hoctenireti- 
 gret, rapidofq. letnei. 
 
 E. P. Efquier. 
 
 Ptopert.lib. trde 
 Lino. 
 
 Tunc eg* (im Inachfo 
 <noiitr arte Lint. 
 De Amphione Ho. 
 rac. in Att. pogt. 
 Dittat ir \Ampy>i*n 
 Tbehtm* conditor vrbii 
 Saxa moutri font te- 
 ffudtnu, ix prece blads. 
 Ducert qu'evellet, &c. 
 
 LO, Orphevs with his harpe , that fauage Jcinde did tame: 
 The Lions ficice,and Leopardes wdde,and bir<lcs about him came. 
 For, with his m ufi eke fweete , their natures hee fubdu'de: 
 But if wee thinke his playe fo wroughte,our fclues wee doc delude. 
 For why ? befides his flcill, hee learned was , and wife: 
 And coulde with (weetenes of his tonge, all fortes of men fufrtcc. 
 And thofe that weare molt rude, and knewe no good at all : 
 And wcare of fierce, and cruell mindes, the worlde did brutime call. 
 Yet with perfuafions founde, hoe made their hartes relente, 
 That meeke,and milde they did become, and followed where he wente. 
 Lo thele, the Lions fierce, thefe,Beares, and Tigers weare : 
 The trees, and rockes, that lefte their roomes,'his mufickefortoheare. 
 But, you are happie mod, who in fuchCplace doe ftaye : [playe. 
 Yon neede not Thracia- feekc, to heare fome impe of Orphevs 
 Since, that fo neare your home , Apollos darlinge dwelles; 
 Who L i n v s, & Amphion ftaynes,and Orphevs farrecxcelles. 
 For, hartes like marble barde, his harmonie dothe pierce: 
 And makes them yeelding paflions feele.thnt are by nature fierce. 
 But, if his muficke-faile: his curtefie is fuche, . 
 That none fo rude, and bale of ininde,but hee reclaimes thelnmuche. 
 Nowe fince you, by deferte, for. both, commended are: 
 I chooie you, for a Iudgc herein , if truthe I doe declare. 
 And if you finde-I doe, then ofte therefore reioyce: 
 And thinke,! woulde fuche neighbour haue,if I might make my choice, 
 
 in Jla- 
 
187 
 
 Th e timelic birthe that Seme l e didbeare, 
 See heere, in timehowe monfterous he grewe: 
 With drinkinge muche,.and dailie bellie cheare, 
 His eics weare dimmk, and iierie was bis hue: 
 
 OuicL 3. Met 
 
 Anac.apud Diog. 
 Vitts tres yeas 
 fert, pnmam vo- 
 
 His cuppe , mil full : his head, with grapes was croun'de? JfJ^®*"* 
 Thus time he (pent with pipe ^ and tabret founde. 
 
 "Which carpes all thofe , that ioue to much the canne, 
 
 And dothe defcribe theire perfonage , and theare guife: 
 
 For like a beafte , this doth transfer rne a man. 
 
 And makes him fpeake that mofte in fecret lies*, 
 
 Then } (hunne the forte that bragge of drinking muche^ 
 Seeke other frendesj and ioyne not handes with fuehe. 
 
 mm melons. 
 
 EbrietaSjtcrripe- 
 itas eft tam m 
 anieoo, <juiru ia 
 corporc. 
 
 lunge ubifocios pukhra v'fftut'u more, 
 Nam Venire & Baccho iunfta repetite- cadunti 
 
 Vino forma ptrit , vino cormmpitttr'atdi, 
 Vino fxfe fuum nefcit mu* virumt 
 
 a % 
 
 XoKan. Samb, i& 
 Propertius. 
 
ill 
 
 (kits amdr prol^. 
 
 fa beflo frrnsra 
 aur© vtstRip, invix 
 •utern erudiria di 
 tfitiU. Socrat. apu<l 
 
 Mic. Rcafayus. 
 
 With ki n denes, io, the Ape doth kill her whelpe, 
 Througne clafping harde, and lulling in her armes. 
 Euen^fo, the Babes, whofc nature,, Arte flioulde helpe : 
 The parent's .frmde doe bazar de them with harmes, 
 
 And worke their (poije , and bringe them vnto naughtc, 
 "When fooliflie loue forbiddes them to bee taughte 
 
 Udmirat* p'utat fomofum SimU fatum : 
 Kempe foleu pulchrum cuique placer efiutm. 
 
 Ceiihttlikrp.ca.jr. 
 Matu.tf, intuit, eft 
 f uod nsque cicius 
 eft, ne'que rtfrliiy, fed 
 medium qutddam, 
 Sc .Kmperatuni eft: 
 nai» 6c in frugibu* 
 & iri porois.matura 
 diftratdr^qua; neq. 
 wtedi Ac Smrriitia,' . 
 nequecariuca & oi-, 
 oiiuni eo&i , (id 
 tempore i'uo .tempe- 
 rate adiilea.,: 
 
 j£liaa. de Animal. 
 tib.i.ca.'.'7.S£ PIib. 
 lib. 9. cap, if. & 
 lib. ; cap. - 1. vbl 
 multa mirabilia de 
 Echeceid-pifce ftri- 
 bit. Sc qujedara no* 
 tacu digna qua; fua 
 : ''.c moji .: acciderut. 
 
 Bov^E die arrowe fwifce , E chehei s flowe doth foulde: 
 Which, biddesYs-ifl our anions hafte . no more f.ien rcaforr 
 
 would". 
 
 In Jim 
 
In ftnu denfirpmUm* i Bp 
 
 Do8ifi. V. D. Faancisg vm Rapkjienoivm 
 in obfidlone AntwerpianA ferklkantm. 
 
 Thovgh e, citcie ftronge the cannoas fhotre di/pife, 
 And deadlie foes , befeegc the fame in vaine ; 
 Yet, in the walles if pining famine rift, 
 Of elfc forae impe of S i n o v , there rernaine. 
 
 What can preuaile your bulwarkes ? and. your towers, 
 "When , all your force , jour inwardc foe deuoures. 
 
 In defcifcentei 
 
 W: 
 
 jie n that with rnilke, the goate had nTd the pot, 
 Shee brake the fame, that all about it ranne. 
 Wherat;, the maide her pacience quite forgot, 
 And in a rage, the brotifhc beafte did banne? 
 
 Which toye , thoughe fliorte , yet fliarpiy repiehendes 
 Beginnings good , that hauc vnhappie endes. 
 
 a ; 
 
 swltorum 
 
t$o Stuhomm qmntb flatus fttblimior 3 tantl 
 tnamfeBior turptudo. 
 
 Promocte the foole , his folly doth appears, 
 And is a fhame to them , that make him clime ; 
 Whofe faultes , before cdulde not bee feene Co ^cleare-,, . 
 For lowe eftate did fhadowe euery crime : 
 But fet him vp , his folly foone is harde, 
 Then keepe him doune, let wife men bee prefer'de. 
 
 His dot quLcito dau 
 
 Dpi not thine almes defcrre, when necde doth bid thee hafte : : 
 For why, one gifte is double thoughtjsbat in due time is piaffe. 
 
 Otfi. 
 
 to the pore thou giu'ft, make ipeede the fame to doe: 
 VV Bycaiuc one gifte in time beftowed , is wortheibme other two. 
 
So, manie men do ftoope to fightcs vnfure: 
 And curteous fpeecrie,, dothc keepethem at the baye. 
 Let fuche beware left frendlie lookes belike, 
 Hie lure , to wWc^ 'Ae foadng haulke did ftrike? 
 
 To my Nephew R o. BoaR on. 
 
 Hi are much; but liufe fpeakej and f3ee from that is naught: 
 "Which leflons, by ;hefe formes m briefe >- toeuery one are taught, 
 
H o that with force , his burnifa'd blade doth trie 
 On anuill harde 5 to prooue if it be fore : 
 Doth Hazardc muche , it (lioulde in peeces flic% 
 Aduentring that , which elie rnighte well indure : 
 For, there with fhengthe he ftnkes vppon the ftithe, 
 That men maye knowe, his youthfull armes haue pitiie* 
 
 Which warneth thole: j that louinge frendes inioye, 
 With care, to keepe , and frendlie them to create, 
 And not to trye them full ; with euerie toye, 
 Nor preffe them domic > when cauies be too greate. 
 
 Nor in requefts importunate to bee: 
 
 For ouermucbe 3 doihe. tier, the courier free-? 
 
 Strtnu* 
 
Stnnuorum immortdk nomcn. 
 
 V>: 
 
 To the honorable Gentleman, Sir W i l t i a m R v s s b i. l Kni°ht. 
 
 Ajij in Rrtetxo 
 Httore: fed aliter 
 Claud. Min. lii- 
 per Alciatu, Em- 
 blem. 48. & Em- 
 blem. 135. & 
 Pliii. Natural. 
 Hi. tor. libra 5. 
 cap. 50. 
 
 Achilles torn be vpon S 1 g je a diore, 
 Thisreprc(entes: where Thetis ofte wasfecne: 
 And for his lofTe , did feeme for to deplore, 
 With gallant flower the fame was alwaies greene : 
 And at the toppe, a palrne did frefhelie bloome ; 
 Whofe braunches fweete did ouedpread the toombe. 
 
 Which flhewes, thoughe deathe the valiaunt ouerthrowe, 
 Vet after fate , their fame remaines behinde* 
 And triumphes ftill, and dothe no conqueft knowe, 
 But is the badge of euerie noble minde : 
 
 And when in graue their corpes inclofcd lyc s 
 
 Their famous acies doe pierce the azure &ye, 
 
 Kunquatn Stygias fertur advmbrti yoj fata trahent: fed cwnftmmas Sen.' Her. Fur. 
 Jnclyta virtus: viuite fortes Exiget mrai (onfumpta dks, Oct. ait. j . 
 
 Kef Lethm fena per amnes iter ad fuperos glma pandet. 
 
1^4 2>W foB mortem formiJoicft. 
 
 To the hmMAbk S'p Iohn Morris Knight, Lord frefutem 
 ef Uunihr in IreUnde , and ColoneU GeturaU <?/ the 
 Englifbe lnfnntme> m the lotve countries. 
 
 A Secret caufc, that none can comprehende,. 
 In natures workes is often to bee fecne ; 
 As, dcathe can not the ancient difcorde ende, 
 piin.De Nit. Hift. That raigncth ftill, the wolfc, and {heepe bctweene: 
 U.ir.uf-4< The like, befidc in many thinges are knownc. 
 
 The canfe reueal'd , to none , but Goo alone. 
 
 For, as the woIfe,the fillye ftieej>c did feare, 
 And made him ftill to tremble, at his barke: 
 So beinge dead , which is mode ftraunge to heare, 
 This feare remaynes , as learned men did markc ; 
 CiasU,Min.f«pet For with their flcinnes , if that two drommcs bee bounde, 
 *ku«m,Ea>fc.:i7* That , clad with (heepe , doth iarre : and bathe no fbunde. 
 
 And, if, that ftrmges bee of their intrailes wroughtc. 
 And ioyned both , to make a filucr fbunde : 
 No cunningc care can tune them as they oughtc , 
 But one is hardc , the other ftill is droun'dc : 
 
 Or difcordes foulc , the harmonic doe marre ; 
 
 And nothinge can appeafe tshis inward warre. 
 
 So, Zt s c A thoughtc when dcathc did tTiorte his daies, 
 As with his voice , hce ctftc did daur.tc his foes 5 
 
That after Scathe hee fhoulde news terror raife, 
 And make them flee, as when they felte his blocs. 
 
 "Wherefore, hee charg'd that they his fkinnc (houldc frame. 
 
 To fitte a dromme, and marchc forth with the fame. 
 
 So, Hectors llghte greate fcare in £rcekes did worke, 
 When hee was mowed -on horfebacke, bceinge dead : 
 Hvniades , the terrour of the Turke, 
 Thoughe layed in graue, yet at his name they fled: 
 And cryinge babes, they ceafed with the fame, 
 The like in Fr ance, fometimc did T a ibots name. 
 
 UiUoriAcrucnta, 
 To Sir William Standley Knight. 
 
 19$ 
 
 h b Oicphantc with Hinge of Terpens fell. 
 That Mill about his legges , with winding crail.es ; 
 Throughe poilon ftrongc, his bodie Co did (well, 
 That, doune he finkes , and on the ferpenie falles-: 
 "Which creatare huge', did fall vppca Him foe, 
 That by his deathe, he aha kitt'd his- foe. 
 
 Thole fearpe con Aides , thofe broiles and batsaiiesmaiaej. 
 That are atchieude, with fpoile on either parte: 
 "W here Itreames of blood the hilles , and valleys itaihe, 
 And what is wonne, the price is deaths, and fniartc: 
 This dorhe importer But thofe are captames good* 
 Thatwinne the ficlde , withiheddinge leafte of blood. 
 
 b % 
 
 AbtK Silaioi j. 
 Cor»sniBt.S>e rtbuj 
 
 Carli'.is Curio. 
 
 ?ortes. 8f as agna- 
 il: mi habetuii Him., 
 hob qui faciuiatj 
 feiiquEpropaKanE 
 iniuriaro Cie. i. 
 etfis, 
 
 Noe eft tint: gar»- 
 d : fxcelfi \tar.st. 
 *aau:i mcrroris &Q-, 
 de eacdtis tomiert: 
 aeswniagiotia fc- 
 fus potift yifto- 
 ium , quanta igao« 
 sninia potc* !»a 
 
i$6 
 
 Tenna gloria per ennts, 
 
 T$ Edwards D i e r Efquicr 
 
 The 
 
 . th« 
 
 ofSbng« and So 
 aitte*. 
 
 Erie of Sum* W 2," N , fr °™ g f a , taI l damC » that , ft ,?PP CS ? U , f C fl 0U / fc in fine ' . 
 
 wraube booke V V The thrcd of noble Svrreys life, made halt' for to vntwinc. 
 Apollo chang'd his cheare, andjayM awaie his lute, 
 And Pallas, and the Mules fad, did weare a-mourninge fute. 
 And then, the goulden pen , in cafe of fables cladde, 
 Was lock'd in chide of Ebonie, and'to Parnailus had. 
 But, as all times do chaungc, Co pafllons haue their fpace; 
 And cloudic fkies at lengthc are clear , d v witli Pha:bus chearcfull face. 
 For, when that barren verfe made Mufcs voide of mirthe: 
 Behouldc, L v s i n a fweetelic founge, 6fS idney s iovfull birthe. 
 Whome mightie I o v E„did blclTe, .with graces from aboue; 
 On whorae,did fortune frendlie fmile,and nature moft did louc. 
 And then,beho«!dc , the pen, was by M srcvrivs fenre, 
 "Wherewith, hee alfo gaue to him,.ihegiftc for to inuente. 
 That , when lice fir ft began , his vayneinverfe/to fhowe. 
 More fwcete then honic, was the ftile» that from his penne did flowe. 
 Wherewith, in youthe hee vC'd to bannifhe idle fittesj 
 That nowc, his workes ofcndlcfle fame , delightc the worthie wittes. 
 
 Nohaul- 
 
 Sir'Philip Sidney 
 Knightc. 
 
No faulting verfe hee writes, but matcheth former times, 
 
 No*Cherillus, he can abide , nor Poettcs patched rimes. 
 
 V/hac volumes hath hee writte, that reft among his frendes, 
 
 Which needes no other praife at all* eche worke it felfe comendes. 
 
 So, that hee famous Hues, at home^anifarre^and neare; 
 
 For thofe that Hue in other landes, of S i d n e y s.giftes doe heare. 
 
 And fuche as Mules feme , in darkenes meere doe dwell j 
 
 If that they haue not feene his workes, they doe Co fane ex-cell. 
 
 Wherefore, for to extol! his name in what I might, 
 
 This Emblemc lo, I did prcfent , vnto this wOortliie ; Knight, 
 
 Who, did the fame refufe , as not his proper due : 
 
 And at the firft,.his fentence was, it did belonge to you. 
 
 Wherefore^ lo.fame with trompe- that mountes- vnto the fkye : 
 
 And,farre aboue the higheft fpire, fronip.ole, to. pole dothe flye, 
 
 Heere houereth at your will , with pen adorn'd with' baies : 
 
 Which for you bothe, ihee hath prepar'd, vnto your ehdlefle praife. 
 
 The laurell leafe for you , for him , the goulden pen; 
 
 The honours that the Mules giue, vnto the rareft men. - 
 
 Wherefore, proceede I praye, vnto your lafting fame; 
 
 For writinges laft when wee bee gonne,and doe preferue our name. 
 
 And whflft wee tarrye heere, no treafure can procure, 
 
 The palme that wattes vpon the pen , which euer doth indurc. 
 
 Two thoufand yeares, and more, H om e r y s wrat his booke; 
 
 And yet , the fame doth ftill remayne, and keepes his former looke. 
 
 Wheare /Egypte fpires bee gonne,and Rome doth ruine feele, 
 
 Yet, both begonne fince he, was borne, thus time doth turne the whcele. 
 
 Yea, thoughe fome Monarchcgreatc fbme worke (hould take in hand, 
 
 Of marble, or of Adamant, that manic worldes flioulde flande, 
 
 Yet, Ihoxiid one onlyfinan , with labour of the braine, 
 
 Bequeathe the world i n)onument , that longer flioulde remaine. 
 
 And when that marble waulesi with force of time mould wafte; 
 
 It fliould indure from age , to age , and yet no age mould tafte. 
 
 Ohhappre you therfoie , who fpend your blefled daies 
 
 In feruing G o d, your Prince, youfdande , vnto your endleffe praife. 
 
 And daily doe proceede, with, trauaile of the minde, 
 
 To make you famous heere ,. and eeke, to leaue a fame behinde. 
 
 Which is the cheered thinge, the greateft Prince can haue, 
 
 For, TimeHoth. triumphe oucr deathe, when cotpes are clof d in graue. 
 
 Euen fo^your worrhie workes, when you in peace fhall flcepe, 
 
 Shall'makereporre of your defertcs, and Diers name fhallkeepc, 
 
 Whome, I doe reucrence ftill, as one of P a l l a s peares : 
 
 And praye the.Lorde, with'ioyf"u!i dayes for to prolonge your yeares. 
 
 * Ho rat. lib. t . 
 Epift. r. ad Au- 
 guftunv. 
 
 Hornerm Yixit.-pott 
 Rofnam coriditam, 
 fed natus ante, AuK 
 Cell. lib. i7.cap.11. 
 
 Sed rlioius fecudus, 
 qui ante Gellium, 
 tempore Vefpafiani 
 Impcratoris vixit : 
 Dt Horoeri state, 
 
 S\>.j. ca. 16. Natur. 
 iftor: fic fcribitr 
 Jam vtri ante annus 
 fropimiUt, vatftiUi 
 fitmeriu Hen cejfauit, 
 
 ire. Et Cornelius 
 Neposprimo Chro- 
 ntcorumante Ro- 
 man! , Homerura 
 vUiiTe fcribtt. 
 
 De_Pyratnidum x- 
 tate r incertum,Plm. 
 Natural. hifUib, jS. 
 cap.ir. tamen quaf- 
 dampoftHomerum 
 conditas, probabile. 
 Oe'tiis, Herodotus. ' 
 
 Anvniti 
 
Ef*fm Chiliad. tf». 
 Ceoturia. 2. de Dio- 
 gene, & quid per 
 vitani doliaicot : 
 iigrufieatur, 
 
 luuenatis: 
 Toot dtmtti Qxbirh»i& 
 t*rnponituTvn*. 
 
 Horat.Iib;i.epift.x- 
 . Sja tupu, ant mttttit, 
 iuuat iliim ftdtxuu, 
 tut ra-, 
 
 Vc Ufpum jfiffd UbuU, 
 fimtttta ftdagra*!-, 
 t4wi« m ham . 
 k&afirtkdtkmttu. 
 
 Sit* <imtt V qw mi 
 mpu^i. qua pvtpt? ? 
 
 US 5 »<J« r&v 
 
 ?* ■£ D W A R J> P A STON flj^S&T 
 
 N chriftaH towers > and turrets ricblie (ette 
 With glittering gemmes , that ftiine againit the fonne: 
 In regali roomes: of lafper , and of lette,- 
 Con rente of mindo , noralwaies likes to woone^ 
 But oftentimes , it pleaieth her to ftaye 
 In Hit) pie cotes, ck>(*dc in with walles of claye. 
 
 D t osine^. within- a tonne did dwell, 
 No choice of place, nor (lore of pelfe he' had; 
 And alt his goodes^ couldeB i as beare right well, 
 And Cor>R V s had (mall cates , His hartc- to gladde: 
 His *meate was rootes : his table, was a ftoolc. 
 Yet thc/e for witte , did fee the worlde to koolei 
 
 "Who coucttes ftill , or hee that liues in feate, 
 Asmuclvdelighte is wcalthe vnto his minde, 
 As muncke is to him , that can not hearc, 
 Oc pleafante fhowes, and pictures , to the blinde : 
 Then fweete content, arte likes the meane eftate, 
 Which is exempte, andlfree, Jrrorn feare, and hate. 
 
 Whatman is ritche? not -he that doth abounde. 
 
 What man is pore ? not hee that hath no ftore. 
 
 But- he is titche., that makes content his grotsrtde. 
 
 And he is pore , that couettes more and more* 
 
 Which proues : the man wasiircher in the tonne, 
 1-he»,:W^s the Kinge, that manic iaudes had wormc. 
 
 l£tne*.< 
 
If then, cornea: the chiefcft riches bee, 
 
 And greedie gripes > that doe abounds he pore* 
 
 Since that, inoughe allotted is to thee,, 
 
 Embrace content , «hen C ^ s a r hath no more. 
 
 Giue Midas, goulde : and let him pine with thamt 
 Vfe you , yoo.r goodes , to line, and die, with, fame, 
 
 Jj)ug fsqmmur fugirmu. 
 t« Thomas Wusrahak Efqu'w, 
 
 199 
 
 Claud. x.Rtif. 
 
 ~CentaitUi Ixtntira 
 
 bxt munir* ntum: 
 
 Suiahtt'pit 
 
 &l Stvmmtt arttrt: 
 
 E s flee,from that wee feeke- & followe, that wee leauc: [weaue, 
 And, whilft wee thinke our webbe to fkante, & larger ftili would 
 Lo, Time dothe ait vs of, amid our carke : and care, 
 "Which warneih all , that hane enoughe , and not-contented are, 
 For to inioye their goodes , their howfes, and their landes : 
 Bicaufe the Lorde vnto that end, commits them to "their bandes. 
 Yet, thofe whofe greedie mindes: enoughe, doe thinke too fmallr 
 Whilft that with care they feeke for more* oft times are ren'd of all, 
 Wherefore all (uch (I wime) thar fpare, where is no neede: 
 To Vfe their goodes Whilft that they may, for time apace doth fpecckr. 
 And fines , by proofe I knowe , you.hourde not vp your {lore; 
 Whofe gate, is open to your frende : and puree , vnto the pore: 
 And (pend vnto your praife, what G o d dothe largely lende: 
 I chiefly made -my choice of this, which I eo you commence. 
 In hope, all thole that fee y oar name, aboue the head-: 
 Will at your km pe, their ov/rte comelight; within: your Ifceppes t© tread, 
 Whofc daily ftudie is , your counrrie to adorne: 
 And .for to keepe a wonhie houfc , in place whweyou weare borne. 
 
 Plautus Kai. 
 
 5:m; epMii btrrtfi: , 
 
 txtaljitnt. 
 
100 
 
 Tatria cuique chara. 
 
 Tj Richarde CcStton E/quier, 
 
 Adian. de ani- 
 mal, lib. i.ca.55). 
 &<5o. Et lib. 5. 
 cap. 1 r. 
 
 ErPlin.N.itural, 
 hift.libiii.cap. j. 
 &1.6. 
 
 'TP h e bees at lengthe rctourne into their hiue, 
 **■ AYhen they haue fuck'd die fwcete of Flor a s bloomes^ 
 And with one minde theit worke they doe contriue, 
 And laden come with honie to their roomes: 
 A worke of arte ; and yet no arte of man, 
 Can worke,.this worke ; thefe little creatures can. 
 
 The maifter bee , within the midft dothe hue, 
 
 In faireft roomc , and mod: of O-ature is ; 
 
 And cuerie one to him dothe rcuerence giue, 
 
 And in the hiue with him dse Ike in bhfe 
 
 Hee hath no ftinge , yet none can doe him harme, 
 For with their ftrengvhe , the reft about him (warrnc, 
 
 Lo, natures force within thefe creatures fmall, 
 
 Some , all the daye the .honie. home doe heafe. 
 
 And fome, fane pfl' on flowers frefhe doe fall, 
 
 Yet all at nigliSe vnto their home repaire: 
 And euerie one, her proper hiue doth knowe, 
 Akhoughc there ftande a thoufande on a rowe. 
 
 A comon 
 
2,01 
 
 A Comon-wealthe , by this, is right cXpfeftc ; 
 Bothe him, that rules, and thofe,that doe obaye: 
 Or fuche, as are the heads aboue the reft, 
 Whome here,' the Lorde in highe eftate dothe ftayc: 
 
 By whofe .iupporte, the meaner forte doe liue, 
 
 And vhto them all reuerence dulie giue. 
 
 "Which when I waied: i call'd vnto my minde 
 Your O v MBE'RMAiRE, that fame Co farre com mendes: 
 A ftately fcate , whofe like is harde to finde, 
 Where mightie Io v e the home of plentie lendes: 
 "With fKhe , and foule , and cattaile ibndrie flockes, 
 Where chriftall {pringes doe guftie out of the rockes. 
 
 There, fertile fieldes; there, meadowes largeextende: 
 There, ftore of graynej with water, and with wood. 
 And, in this place^yOur goulden time you fpende> 
 Vnto your praife, and to your countries good> 
 
 This is the hiue • your ten'naunts, are die bees: 
 
 And in the fame, liaue places by degrees. 
 
 And as the bees, that farre and neare doe ftraye, 
 And yet come home , when honie they haue foundc: 
 SOjthoughe (bme men doe linger longe awaye, 
 Yet loue they beft their natiue countries grounde. 
 And from the fame } the more they abfent bee. 
 With more dclire,they wifhe tlie fame to lee, 
 
 Eiien Co my felfe ; throughe abfencc manie a yeare, 
 A ftraunger meere, where! did fpend.my prime. 
 Nowe , parentes loue dothe hale mee by the care, 
 And iayCth > come home , deferre no longer time : 
 
 Wherefore, when happe vfbme goulden honie bringes? 
 
 I will retorne , and reft my wearie wingcs, 
 
 Ouid. i; Pont. 4. 
 Quid meUtis Roma? Scythico quid fi'tgoYe pew : 
 Hue umen ex ilia harbarm vrbtfttgit. 
 
 Win. Natural. 
 Hill, li.ii.cap.j. 
 
 Odd; i. Pont: 4; 
 TUftrftit amor pa- 
 tru ratine va-' 
 Untior tmiHi&U 
 
 Primus gradus 
 pieratis ell ifte, 
 vt cjuos au&ore* 
 tibi voluit^iTr 
 dens ,vhonorcs K 
 obfequiis, abfri- 1 
 neas tStumoliis, 
 nec vulm hacien- 
 da eft pictas pa* 
 rentum. Amb*- 
 
 C 
 
 Aurw 
 
Iwfinus Chi- XO % 
 had. i. Cent nr. 4. 
 Adag. ij. 
 
 zAureacompecks. 
 
 7e G, M. JJ/jwrr. 
 
 ©logMWS ilicebtt 
 Aciftipptrm (pi'rlo- 
 fophum aulicucn) 
 alureis ten en compe- 
 dtbus ne poflk sx- 
 ire. 
 
 Tertullisnas lib. €. 
 De habitu muliebri 
 cap. 4. ApudBarba- 
 ros quofdam (qui* 
 vernacuium eft au- 
 rum/auro vinftos in 
 ergaftulis babcat. 
 idem narrat in lib. 
 Be caltu feminar. 
 J'imarchus fotibit 
 auvrm in Erotico 
 spud Aethiopas hoc 
 is. vfu ea'fe. 
 De quo etiatn Au!. 
 Ceil, hb.jtj cap. i3« 
 
 Jatftfmas Chiliad.!." 
 JGeatujja 6.Adag,76 
 
 IT better is (wee fay) a cotage poore to houlde, 
 Then for to lye in prifbn ftronge, with fetters madcof^ouldek 
 Which fhewes, that bondage is the prifon of the minde: 
 And libcrtie the happie life, that is to man affign'de, 
 And thoughe that Come preferre. their bondage, for their gaines : 
 And richcly are adorn'd in filkes , ami prefte with raaflie chaines. 
 Yet manic others hue, that are accomptcd wife: 
 Who libcrtie doe jehicfety chobfe , thoughe ckd in goanes of fnfc , 
 And waighe not Pc mpeys porre, noryet Lvc vnv S'faW, 
 So that they may aidorne' their tnindes, they well contented are. 
 Ycia, rather doc acceptoMs dwdlirig in the tonne. 
 And for to Hue with ;Qo*P Ry s catgs;' ^ frootc and barly. bonne 
 "Where freedome they inioyc , and." vncon trolled liue : 
 Then with the chiefeft. fare of all, attendance for to geuc. 
 And s if I mould bee afle'd, which life doth pleafe nice befte; 
 1 like the gouldcn hbekie, let gqufdea bondage refte. 
 
to .-R It HARD MAKE I-Jqukv , fa ftalfi pf 
 
 ^Francis D r a jce Knight. 
 
 T HR'o v GH E' fcorcHingehcatei ihraughe coulde, inftormes, andi 
 tetnpefts force, 
 
 By ragged roc|csV%ih^ires,5dan4cs: this Knighte didfceepe hiseourfe. 
 
 By gapfnge.gtrlfes hee'pafl'd, by mpnflers of the flood, 
 
 By pira:tes,;theeues, and eraeil foes, that long'd to /pill his blood* 
 
 That wonder greate tp feaspe : hot, God was on his f\dc T 
 
 And throughe9ier^aj^ia:fpitcof all, his (haken fhippe did guide. 
 
 AmJ, to requite his : paines: Bjfhclpe of power deuint. 
 
 His^happe;, at lengthedid^oniwerehope , tofinderhegoulden-xnihc. 
 
 Let G K M ci -A then forbear e, t© praifehec 1*5 on hpuide? 
 
 Wbothroughe the warchfuH dragpnspafFd,towin thelleece ofgouide. 
 
 Since by M&de a s helpe,*they wcare inchauhted all, 
 
 A.n4 I-AStf n without perrilles, paffde: the conquefte therfPrexiriall? 
 
 But, hee, pfwhbme I write, this noble minded Drake* 
 
 Did bringe-away his^dtilden fleece, when thouiandeiesxid wake 
 
 Wherefore, yecwoonhiewightes , that ieeke for forreine landes: 
 
 Yf chat you can, come alwaife home, by Gang b s gpulden fancies. 
 
 vou,;that liue at home, and can not brooke the flood, 
 Geue praife to them, char pane the wanes, to doe<their coiintrie gooct. 
 Before which forte, as cbiefe : in tempefte, and in calme, 
 Sic Francis Draxe* by djje defene,may Weare thegoulden palrne. 
 
2.04 (sAmr'tiiA hitiusfzculi. 
 
 is Arihyre B ov r. C'H ier Efquut, « 
 
 Wi t h double dore this Pallacc loe , doth ope* 
 The one , vnio the gallant roornes doth fliewe, 
 "Whereas the rkchc with gouldcn giftes haue fcope ; 
 The other , to an emptie benche doth goe, 
 And there, the pore hade leaue for to tefbrte, 
 But not prefume vnto the other porte. 
 
 For, alwaics that is fhutte vnto the pore, 
 But ope to them , that haue the mines of gouldc: 
 Then ; thoughe the woilde ofcPoettcs haue no ftorc, 
 No maruajle tho , fith bountie is (b.coulde ; 
 For , if there did Mecoenas giftes abounde, 
 Newe Horace (bone, &: Virgil {houldbe foundc. 
 
 Ingenium fieri mrav'u abejfe Marow, . 
 
 Ntc quenquam tanUbeUa fanare tubti: 
 Smt^Mdcenntes , .pon deermt Jslacce , Manner, 
 VtrgtUumtfc tih yd tua rura dabum, 
 
 Tulcbrj- 
 
 Qiiid. i. Art. 
 
 £armutit lauitmlnr:fitl 
 muuefti mȣM feum- 
 
 Dur/rmo/io fit dkui 
 ttffarus, ille placet. 
 
 M%maUib. 8. 
 
Ttdchrtfttdo fine fruffiu* zo§ 
 To Arthvre Stark nil&fquier. 
 
 Th e CipreiTe tree is pleafirige to the fighte, 
 Straighte, tall , ami gteenq and fweetc vnto the fmeU : 
 Yet, yceldzs no frui&e vnto the trauaylinge wightc, 
 But naughtc , and bad , experience dothe vs tell : 
 Adhere, other trees that make not fiiche a fhowe, 
 Yeelde pleafante fruifte , and plentifully growe. 
 
 This gallante tree that good , and frai&rull feemes, 
 In couerte forte, a Jcinde of men dothchcekc; 
 Whofe curtefie , no man but much efteemes , 
 Who promife muche , and faune about our necke: 
 But if wee trie j their deedes wee barren flnde'^ 
 Or yeelde' but fruide , like to the CipreiTe kinde. 
 
 Putcbrn eoma eft.i pi&bre digeftajj ordine frondss-> 
 Sed fiufttti nuUos h<tc coma pulchragerit. 
 
 c 3 T em£0*& 
 
% o 6 Tempore cunBa mkwr#> 
 
 Ian© Dot s a. , nobilifivm, Dn. Ia ni £ qvsai 
 
 Hp h e grapes not ripe , the trauariinge .man doth wafte, 
 * And vnder foote doth trcade , as fewer , andnaughcer* 
 Which, being ripe , had fweete , and pleafounte tafte 
 Whereby ? wee maie this leflfon true be taughte. 
 Howe fimplc men , doe fimplie iudge of thinges, 
 And doe not waighe that time perfection , bringes. 
 
 For in this worlde, thethinges moft rake, and rare , 
 Arc harde at firfle , and feeme both harflie,andibwerr 
 But yet in time 3 they Iweetc and eatie are, 
 Thenflaie for time which gmes both fiuite and Hower? 
 And vie our time , and let vs ftill fuppofe 
 No greater loSe s then time that wee doe Jofe. 
 
 Kam mora datvires? tenet as tmtd petcoquit viiaf, 
 £t.vatidiit$gtte*t fiedfait hsthnfmt. 
 
Impdribtai. MU j 
 
 To -M, W itiiAM Harebrown ZydtCenjlatiMople. 
 
 HT h e faulcon mountcs alofte vnto the fide, 
 
 And oucr hilles , and daks , dothc make her flighte; 
 The duckes , and geefc , about the houfc doe- flic. 
 And in echc diche, and muddie lake doe iightc, 
 They leeke their foode in puddles, and in prttes, 
 "While that, alofte, the princelie faulcon fktcs. 
 
 Suchc difference is in metf, as maye appeare ; 
 Some, throughe the worlde doe paife by lande, and Tea: 
 And by deferte are famous farre , and neare. 
 So , all their life at home, fbme others ftaie: 
 And nothinge can to trauaile them prouoke, 
 . Beyonde the fmell of natiue countries frnoke. 
 
 In fublime volans tenum faat- a'era falco : 
 Sed pafcuntur humi gtACtdui, mfer, anas. 
 
 Alciatus; 
 
 'Tunc 
 
Hour, ifb.l. Ejs.sj. ZO 2 Tunc tm res agitur ^ paries cum proximus ardei 
 
 ToM. Thomas Wheteiey. 
 
 'Syr-icufe. 
 
 Plutarch, in vita 
 Marcelli. 
 
 Plin. lib 7. cap, yj. 
 
 Vegetius. 
 Nuncjuam impera- 
 tor iia pacicredat, 
 Vt non (c prxparet 
 bello- Et Hern. in 
 Nat; Dom Set.6. 
 Ex confideratione 
 jetnsdij , pericuji 
 seftimatur <juar, tua*. 
 
 Ottid,4. Pont. u. 
 
 Awake from fleepe (ecure, when perrill doth appeare : 
 No wiiedome then to take our eafe, and nor the word: to feare. 
 Still A Rchimeces wronghtc , when foes had.wonne the*rowne, 
 Aild wouldc not leaue his worke. in handc, till he was beaten downe^ 
 No furctie is within , when roofe alofte doth flame : 
 It is a madnes then to ftaye, all wee haue donne our game. 
 Yea, thofc that helpe deferrc, when neighbours houfe doth burner 
 Are like With gnefe, to fee their oWne , with fpeede to cinders turne. 
 Then, cut of alldclaies when daungers are begonne, 
 For if beginnings wee wirhfrande, the conqueft fbonerwonne. 
 
 Temporis officium eft filatU dicerettrti, 
 Dm dolor in mfu eft > dum petit <tger opem. 
 
 Ex-mmbe 
 
Ex morho medmm. 
 
 To W. Ro. 
 
 109 
 
 h £ n that Opimivs ritche , had fcraped raanie a pounde; 
 And fil'd his baggs, & cofers fuii, that wealths did moftabounde. 
 Yet liu'd hee (till in awe >: -a$ if it weare offence 
 To ope his puree, for any sieede j hee fpared fo his- pence. 
 At-lengthe, thii ^reedie carle the Lythergic pofleite: 
 That vnneth hee could ftere a foote, with fleepe Co lore opprefte. 
 And languifliinge- therein , not like for to efcape: 
 His heire , was ioyfull of that fighte , who for his goodes did gape. 
 But, when that nothinge coulde O p im i ys fleepinge let, 
 The quicke Phifition did commaunde, that tables moulde bee fee 
 About the rnifers bed, and budgettes forthe to bringe, 
 And poure the goulde vppon the boufdq., that hee mighte heare it rings. 
 And bad the heire to tell , and all the ftanders bye: 
 With that , hee to the ficke man calPde , what meaneyeu thus*olye> 
 And will not haue regarde ypur treafure to preierue : 
 B-houlde your heire, and all therefte, howe largely nowcthey carue? 
 With that, hee flatted vp ; halfe dead, and halfe a Hue ; 
 And ftaringcon his heapes of goulde , longe time for life did ftrme. 
 So that,,. -when nothinge cooide his drouneeies awake, 
 •Such vertue, had the fighte of goulde, that fleepe did him fbrfake. 
 Which ihowes', when dt'ead'f(4l deathe prefentcs the laftinge fleepe: 
 They hardly caa-departe in peace, whofe goulde is rooted deepe. 
 
 £fjigiem Rex Crcefe tudditijfime Return Kuncprofttnt Regum Rex 6 ditiffnnex'um fit 
 Viiiit apud Manes, Diogenes Cynjcus. Sttttt ego folia, me ijitocjue pAuperiori 
 
 Glftitit vityprocul folito maiwtcn'hinaa JUa cfut 'cunq. hxbui,metti feroxkm nihil ip-ft 
 CtncufjUi , dixit, quid tibi diwit Ex tmik, tecum Craft ferns options. 
 
 d firm 
 
 Horat. Settn. life •., 
 Satyra jj 
 
 Dcmoflh-aptut Volrt. 
 ,Qui aniruuro curat, 
 feipfom cuiac : qui 
 corpus, non fefed 
 fua curat : quipe- 
 euniam, non ft, fiec 
 fua curat, fed valde 
 aliena curat. 
 
 -Pint, de 1 ? die. 
 Mafori odlo. diuf- 
 tem populus perfe- 
 qui folet, nihil per ' 
 benignitatt & gra- 
 liam depro men tern, 
 quam inopern, qs/i 
 bona fubripiac pub- 
 lics. b/>c enim ne- 
 ceflitate domina'fti* 
 mulante, iilud mi- 
 lignitate, atq.coa- 
 terriptii fieri aibi- 
 ttatnr. 
 
 (jre^tr, in Homil. 
 Res fuas. cum mo- 
 reretur.diues fecunv 
 tolleret, fiadpeten- 
 tis vdeem , aim vi- 
 ueret, tulilfet: nam 
 tcrrena omnia, qux 
 fcru.indo aniitti- 
 my?, largicndo fer- 
 uac.ius. 
 
Fura-'meretur (rfadtm. 
 
 Hqrat, Epid. *T* h e Lion oulde tllat : coulde not-get his praye a 
 Ub4. Epift.i, A By (wifte purfute, as Tie had done of late: ' 
 
 Did faigne him licke , and in his denne did. ftaye. 
 And prarde on thole , that came to fee his ftate : 
 At lengthe , the foxe his dutie to declare, 
 Came to the dote, to knowe howe he did 
 
 Who anfwered, (icke, my oulde beloued frende? 
 Come in, and fee 3 and feele my pulfes beate: 
 To whome j quoth he, I dare not now intende, 
 Bicaufe, thefe ileppes fame feeret mifcliiefe thrcate: 
 For, all I fee haue gone into thy -denne> 
 Bat none I Ends, that haue retom'd againd 
 
tii 
 
 ASicfoies fore, that dothe in fecret wound c, 
 And gripes the harte, tlioughe outward nothing fliowe s 
 The force whereof, the paciente doth confounde, 
 That oftentimes, dilpaire therof doth growe: 
 And leloufie, this iicknes hathe to name, 
 An helliQie paine, that hrfte from Plvto came 
 
 Which paffion ftraunge, is alwaies beauties foe, 
 
 And mofte of all j the married forte enuies: 
 
 Oh happie they, that line in wedlocke foe, 
 
 That in their breftes this furie neuer- rile : 
 
 For , when it once doth harbour in the harte, 
 k ioioumes Ml, and doth too late departe. 
 
 La Procris heare , when wounded therwithall, 
 Did brecde her bane , who mighte hauc batiide in bliffc: 
 This codie fliarpe fo fedde vppoivher gall. 
 That all to late luce mburnd,for her ami fie: 
 
 For, whilft fiiee watch'dlier hufbandes waies-toknowe, 
 
 Shce vna wares, was pxayc vnto his bo we. 
 
 d z 
 
 lib. 7. 
 
 Similcm devxo- 
 rc Cyanippi, la 1 • 
 bu i'kuarchua '.a 
 Moral. 
 
tit,- gMcdid^con. 
 
 Jd^ ornatift. rkcs D. Ioannem I a m t s, Lance- 
 lOixvM Bro wn e. Medicos celebmwM. 
 
 Ouid-j. Pont. 4. 
 Ad mtttitum du- 
 bim co*fttgit tger 
 
 Hur. m Epift. 
 (fcoiporis debtlifw 
 aitnia, etiam animi 
 viiw fraDgit.mentis 
 tjuocjue ingeniura 
 maretfrere facit : 
 ^uicquid com mo- 
 dc\, & tempecamen- 
 i«;ijt,£alubtc fit. 
 
 Hp h 1 s portrature 3 dothe M s c v l a fi v s tell.. 
 The laurcll cfowne, thefahie of phifikc (howj?^ 
 
 The bearde , declares His longe "experience well: 
 
 And graukie therewith that alwaie goes. - 
 The fcepter } tells-he ruleth like a kinge 
 Amongft the ficke; corrunaunding euerie thinge. 
 
 The knotted ftafFe , declares the crabbed fkill 
 Moftc harde t'attaine j that doth fupporte liis ftate: 
 His iittinge, fhewes he muft be (etled ftill, 
 "With conftant minde., and raflie proceedinge hate : . 
 The Dragon , tells he doth our age renewe, 
 And foone decernej to giue the ficke his dewe. 
 
 The cocke , dothe. teachc his watchingc » and his care^ 
 To vifite ofte. his pacientes in their paine : 
 The couchinge dogge , dothe lafte of all declare, 
 That faithfulnes, and^Ou.e 3 fhouide ft ill remaine : 
 
 Within their breftes , that Phifike doe profeffe. 
 
 Which partes } they all flioulde m their deedes expre/Tc. 
 
 Jmnk 
 
Inanis impetus. u$ 
 Clarifi. omnia? doctr'ma & y'trtutU laude mnatiftmo 
 ylro D. Ivsto Lipsio. 
 
 BY fhininge lighte , of wannifhe Cynth i a s raics, 
 The dogge behouldes his fhaddowe to appeare : 
 therefore i in vaine aloude he barkes, and baies, 
 And alwaies thoughte , an other dogge was there : 
 But yet the Moone , who did not heare his quefte y 
 Hir woonted courfe, did keepe vntd the wefte. 
 
 This repithendeSj thofe fboles which baule j and barke, 
 At learned men, that fhine aboue the refte: 
 With due regarde, that they their deedes fhouid marke, 
 And reuerence thern 5 that are with wifedomeblefte: 
 But if they ftriue, in vaine "their winde they 4j>ende, 
 For woorthie men 3 the Lorde doth dill defende. 
 
 Ejfe quid hoc die am , viuis quod fatna \ncgAtur> 
 
 Et Jua -quod ram tempore lethr amatx 
 Hi futit imidia mtnirum Regule meres ; 
 
 Tuftrat muqttos fenqer yt ilia tiou'ts. 
 
 d 3 t if* di- 
 
 Otuih i .RctneJ. 
 Ir.^enjurrtluuv fn-^nl ■ 
 
 ihiiftjuu tl, tx Hit 
 Zeik ntmta fabii. 
 
 Martial. Jib. j. 
 
In didum >indoBum. 
 
 flaut.inpaa. 
 
 Tttitrstm <>rn*mp! tut' 
 J>ts tnerts peiu* earn 
 inlitnunt. 
 
 tepidf mowtwrptm 
 omnium petit fkftk 
 itmjmt/twt, 
 
 Sern JffEpi.il. 
 Decor . c]ni cum 
 vcftc uiduitur,& 
 cum vefte depo 
 nitui: veftimcnrl 
 eft, uo« yeilitu 
 
 N goulden fleece , did Phryxus paffe the waue. 
 And landed fafe, within the wi&ed baie: 
 By which is ment , the fooies that riches haue. 
 Supported are x and borne througlie Lande , and Sea : 
 And thofe enrich'de by wife, or feruauntes goodds, 
 Are borne? by them like Phryxus through the floodds. 
 
 K^4n other of the lify 4rgummi+ 
 To M. L E, 
 
 A Leaden flvorde 5 within a goulden fheathe 9 
 Is like a fooie of natures hneO: moulded 
 To whomc , Qiee did her rareft gittes bequethe. 
 Or like a fheepe , within a fleece of goulde. 
 Or like a clothe 3 whome colours braue- adome, 
 When as the grounde , is patched /rente, and tome* 
 
 For .if the mlnde the chiefeit treafures lacke^ 
 Thoughe nature bothe, and fortune, bee our frende; 
 Thoughe goulde wee weai;e 3 and purple on ourbacke, 
 Yet are weopoore, and none will vs comende 
 But onlie fooies ; and flatterers, for theire gaine : 
 For other men, will ride vs with difdame. 
 
IntermhuhiUs human* <v\t<z kbor, 1 i 5 
 
 TO M, I O H N GOSTLINGE. 
 
 OE Si.sy.phvs, that roles the refHefle ftonc 
 To toppe of hill, with endlcffc toilc , andpaine: * . 
 Which beinge there, it tumbkth doune alone, 
 And then, the wretche muft force it vp againe : 
 And as it falles , he makes it (till afcende ; 
 And yet, no toile^caa bringe this worketo Cnde* 
 
 This Sisyphv $ : prcfenteth Adams race. 
 The reftleffe ftone: their trauaile, and their roile: 
 The hill, dothe (hewe the daye , and eeke the {pace, 
 Wherein they Ittll doe labour, worke , and moile. 
 And thoughe till nighte they ftriue the hill to clime, 
 Yet vp againe , the morning nexte betime. 
 
 Vita humanaproprieTti-ferram eft: Ferrum fi exerceas , corirerkur : finon exer- 
 ceas , tamen rubigo interficit. Item homines exercendo videmus couteri. Si 
 aiiul exerceas , inertia atque torpedo plus*kcumei»fi j[acir, <]uatnexercitatio» - 
 
 Ouid. Metara, 
 lib. 4. 
 
 flat, de prufptr. 
 Han'c rauoBem deui 
 fequiturin bonis yi- 
 ris, quam in dilcipu- 
 lis fuis pizceptores; 
 qui plus laboris ab 
 his exigum , in qui- 
 but cetiior fpes eft. 
 
Lug. cap. x % . 
 
 So reaching heads that thinke them neuer well , 
 Doe headlonge fall , for pride hathe oftethac hire : 
 And where before their frendes they did difpife, 
 Nowe beinge falnc , none'helpe them for to rife. 
 
 Let not the Sonne goe downe vppon your ire. 
 Let hartes relente, and breake oulcic rancors bandes 3 
 And frendfhippes force .fubdue your raSie. defire. 
 
 ler defperate wightes, and ruffians, thirft for blood; 
 ft«a*Mfc i~. WJane foes, with' kmc; and thinke your conqueft goc d. 
 
 Owuk 
 
To M. Eicocee rrtachet* 
 
 All flefiie , is grafle ; and wi there th like the haie : 
 XJk. To 6ais j maniaughesj tamorrowe, lies inclaic. 
 Then , let him marke the frailtie of his kinde, 
 For here his tearme is like a pufFe of windc, 
 Like bubbles iaiaiie , tha$ on the Waters rife 
 Or like th& flowers s whome F iora frcftilie dies. 
 Yet , in one daie their glorie all is gone : 
 So, worldiie pompe , which here we gaze vppon. 
 Which warneth all , that here their pageantes plaie, 
 Howe, well to Hue: but not how ionge to waic. 
 
 Inter ftem euromejg, timom inter & trot, 
 Omnem crede mem libi dtluxife fupremam. 
 ■Grata fuperuentet , eput non Jperaintm , hora. 
 
 Qui* eS.quamuis 
 £t adoiefcens qui 
 exploutum hsbeat 
 ft ad vefpetum eflfe 
 viAttrum! 
 
 SenGsn fine fer.^J 
 srtas fenefeit, nec?. 
 fabito frar.gitur/ed 
 ditnurnitaK exr.>»- 
 guiiiu. Cieer. Pbi« 
 Jjp.ii. 
 
 Horat.i-. E] 
 
 fettutrfi 
 
fctS 
 
 Oaii. Mctam. 
 lib. it. 
 
 Termfa indicia. 
 
 PRE5VM p x v o v s Pan, did ftriue & p o l l o s fkill to pafle : 
 But M id as gaue the pahne to Pan: wherefore the eates of alte 
 
 A p o t l o gaue the ludge : which cloth all ludges teache $ 
 To iudge with knowledge, and aduife, in matters pafte their reache; 
 
 <3Mu!ier*Vmbrj, rviri. 
 
 Ov r fhadowe flies y if wee the lame purfiiet 
 But if wee fiie , it followeth at the hecle. 
 So he throughe Ioue that mode dothe feme, and (lie, 
 Is furtheft off his miftrefle harte is fteels. 
 But if hee flie, -and turne awaie his face; 
 Shce followeth * ftraight s and giones to him for grace. 
 
 In mm 
 
In maretormtntum. 
 
 Ev e n *s the gnattes, that Hie into the blaze, 
 Doe barne their winges and fall into the fire t. 
 So , thofe too, miiche on gallant fhowes that gaze, 
 Are captiues caught , and burne in their defire: 
 And fuchc as once doe feele this inwarde warre, 
 Thoughc they bee cufde, yet ftill appeares the fcarre-. 
 
 For wanton Love althoughe hee promife ioses, 
 Yet hee that yeeldes in hope to finde it true, 
 His pleafores {halbce mated with annoyes ; 
 And fweetesfuppof'de 3 bee mix'd, with bitter rue: 
 
 Bicauie, his dartes not all alike, doe wounde; 
 
 For fo the frendes of coye Astasia founde. 
 They lou'd s (hee loth'de : they crau'd, {hee Ml deni'de. 
 They figlxd , (hee fonge : they fpake , fhee ftopt her eare. 
 They walk'd, Ihee fane : they fee , awaye fhee hi'de. 
 Lo this theitbalc, which was her bIifTe,you heare. 
 
 O loues a plague, thoughe grae'd with gallant glo/Te, 
 
 For in thy. feates a fhake is in the morle. 
 Then ftoppc your eares , and like V 1 1 s js e s wanlke, 
 The Syrebn.es tunes, the carelefle ofcen heares i 
 *C rocvta kilies when fhee doth frendly taulke : 
 The Crocodile, hathe rreaipn in her feares. 
 
 In gallant frui&e , the core is ofte decay'd ; 
 
 Yea potTonofte in cuppe of goulde aflay 'J. 
 
 e z Then, 
 
 "T>: maligm'tate' 
 
 Ctocuti fen /f.L 
 lib. 7. c.ip. &. 
 
Then, in your waics let rcafpn ftrike the ftroke, 
 Astasia fhonne , althoughe her face doe ftiinc : 
 Bat , if you liko ofHYMEN/Evs yoke, 
 Penelope preferre , thoughe fpinninge twine, 
 Yet if you like, how moft to^liue in reft, 
 Ht ppolytvs his life , fuppofe the beft. 
 
 Vincit qui pat it ur. 
 
 Ersftrt. in Epijl. 
 Vere magmani- 
 im eft, ciuafdain 
 
 Th e mightie oke, that (hrinkes riot with a blafte, 
 But ftitiie ftandes, when Boreas raofte doth blowe, 
 "With rage thereof, is broken downs at lafte, 
 When bending rcedes, that couche in tempeftes lowe 
 With ycelding ftill , doe fafe , and lounde appeare * 
 And looke alofte, when that the cloudes be cleare. 
 
 When Enuie , Hate , Contempte , and Slaunder, rage : 
 Which are the ftormcs, and tempeftes, of this life > 
 
 mxunas ncgiige- With patience tlien , wee rauft the combat wage, 
 rundam conS And not with force refill: their deadlie ftrife 
 
 aures , vcl liu- 
 guam habere. 
 
 But lurVcr ftill, and then wee (hall in fine, 
 Our foes Iiibdue, when they with fliame ihall pine,. 
 
WH ERi as the good, do line amongft the bad: 
 And vertue growes, where {eede of vices fringes: 
 The wicked forte to wounde the good, are glad: 
 And vices thruft at vertue , all their ftinges: 
 
 The like a where witte , and learning doe remaine, 
 "Where follie rules 3 and ignoraunce doth raigne; 
 
 Yet as wee fee , the lillie freftvlic bloomes, 
 Though thornes , and briers ; enclofe it round aboute: 
 So witli the good 3 thoughe wicked haue their roomcs, 
 They aire prejemd, in fpite of all their route •. 
 And learning liucs, and vertue ftill doth (bine, 
 When follie dies,^nd ignoraunce doth pine. 
 
 e 3 Negtetfa 
 
%%% "Ncghtla Virefawt. 
 
 To M. Ratiins Treacher, 
 
 Th e Iuie greene that dothe diipifed growe, 
 And none doth plante, or trinnne the fame atali,. 
 Althoughe a while it fpreades it felfe belowe, 
 Irj time it mountes, with creepinge vp the wall. 
 So, thoughe the worlde the vertuons men difpife^ 
 Yet vp alofte in fpite of* them they rife.. 
 
 Impunitas ferocia parens. 
 
 To M. Steevenson Preacher. 
 
 T\/ r h e N worthie men , for life, and learninge greate* 
 * Who with their lookes, the wicked did appall^ 
 
 If frouninge fates, with perfecution threate; 
 
 Qjt rake them hence, or ihut them vp'in thrall: 
 The wicked forte reioice , and plaie their parte?, 
 Thoughe Jbnge. before , they clok'd their failed hartes. 
 
 Stem 
 
Nemo pot eft duobm dominut feruire. 
 
 To M. Knewstvb Preacher. 
 
 lm.it* 
 
 H E R E,man who firft (hould hcauenlic thinges attainc, 
 And .then, to world his fences fhould incline : 
 Firft , vndergoes the worlde with mighty and maine, 
 And then, ac foote doth drawe the lawes deuine. 
 Thus God hee beares > and Mammon in his minde: 
 Bur. Mammon hrft, and God doth come behinde. 
 
 Oh woridlingcs fonde , that; ioyne: thefe two fo ill, 
 
 The league is nought, tht owe doune the world which fpeede: 
 
 Take vp the lawc , according to his will. 
 
 Firft feeke for hcauen, and then foe wordlyneede. 
 Bus chofe that firft their wordiie wifliedoc feme, 
 Their gaine, is loiTc, and feeke their fouies tofteruc. 
 
 Sic 
 
 * MiUth.C. 
 
 Non potcftis <J«j 
 fertrire & Maa- 
 
 raoiw- 
 
 regnura dei,&c 
 
Th r o v g h e tormentes ilraunge , and pedecurions dire, 
 The Chriftians pane ,,with pacience in their paine : , 
 And ende their courfe , fometime with fworde, and fire, 
 And conftatu (land , and like to lambes are flainc. 
 Bycaufe, when all theii martirdome is paft, 
 They hope to gaine a glorious croune ac laft. 
 
 Noli tuba canere Eleemofynam, 
 
 And openiier, will thee rewarde therfere. 
 
 But, if with trompc thy almes arajft pxxbfflk'd bee, 
 Thou gia-ft in vaine : fith thou therby cfeft flio&ej 
 Thy cliiefe defirc is, that the world maie knowe; 
 
Ad v 2 deceiptfuU worlde , thy pleafures 1 deteft: Peregrinus chri- 
 
 Now ■ others with thy fhovpes delude; my hope in heMen doth resit. ft' anus i° t i ui « ur ' 
 
 la Urged as followeth. 
 
 E'Ven as a flower, or like vnto, the grafTe, 
 Which now doc he ftande, and ftraight with (ithe dothe fall.; 
 So is our ftate : now here , now hence wee pafle: 
 For, time a'ttendes with {hredding lithe for all . 
 
 And deathe at lehgthe, both ouldc , and yonge , doth (hike: 
 And into drift dothe turne vs all alike. 
 
 Yet, if wee marke how fwifte oar -race dothe ronne, 
 And waighe the caufe, why wee created bee: 
 Then fhail wee know, when that this life is donne, 
 Wee fhail bee fure our countrie right to fee. 
 
 For, here wee are but ftraunge'rs>, that rauft flitce 
 
 The nearer home, the nearer to the pitte. 
 O happie they, rhat pondering this arighte, 
 Before that here their pilgrimage bee paft, 
 Refigne this worlde: and marche with ail their mighte 
 Within, that pathe , that leades where ioyes fhail kit. 
 
 And whiift they maye, there, treafure vp their ftore, 
 
 Where, without ruit,it laftes for euermore. 
 
 f 
 
 lacoh: t. 
 Ecclefiaft. 
 1[ ait, 40. 
 
 i Corinth? s> 
 
 Via Veritas vita. 
 lean. tq. 
 Mutt L i 
 
 This 
 
*lp$(ttl. G. 
 Apecal, a. 
 
 gCcrrttth.rSt 
 
 Apocal.tr. 
 € Cmntk. i. 
 
 z%6 
 
 This worlde m»ft chauoge : That worlde , fimll (till injure. 
 Here, pica&res tide: There, {hall they endleHe bee. 
 Here, roan doth, finnc: And tnere , hee fhalbce pure 
 Here , deathc hee raftes : And there, (hall neuer tie. 
 
 Here, hathe hee gricfe: And there fliall ioyes poflefic, 
 As none hath feene t not anie forte can gellc. 
 
 *^Avni&fftQ nuUa ft iniuria. 
 
 Since fauninge Jookes, and fiigred /pcache preuaile. 
 Take hecde berime : and linke thee not with theife. 
 The gallant clokes , doc hollowc hartes conceile, 
 And goodiie fhowes , are miftes before our cies : 
 But whome thou find'ft with guile, dilguifed Cot 
 No wronge thou doeft,K> vie ijim as thy foe. 
 
 JFer} fimile) in Hyfocriw* 
 
 A Face defbrm'de , a vifor faite dothe hide, 
 That none can fee his vglie fhape within j 
 To Ipocrites , ..the fame maie bee appiide, 
 "With outward fhowes , who all their credit winne: 
 ret giue no-heate, but like a painted -firej 
 , And, all that zeale , is ; .as the times require 
 
Sk &tas fi&git 
 
 r# M. Iajtes Ion so w. 
 
 wo horfes free , a thirde doe fwiftlie chace, 
 The one } is white, the other, bladce of hews: 
 tSJone, bridles haue for to reftraine their pace, 
 And thus, they bothe , the other ftill purfae: 
 And, neuer ccafe continuall courfe to make, 
 ■Vnrill atlengthe, the flfft, they ouertake. 
 
 This.fotmoft horfe, that ronnes fb faft awaye, . 
 It is our time; while foeere, our race wee ronne: 
 The blacke, and white, pjfdenteth nighte a anddaye 
 Who after halt , vntill the goale bee wonne , 
 And leauc vs not , but followe from our birthe, 
 Vntiil wee yeelde , and tuine againe to earthe. 
 
 labaur ecculte , fMtt^ volatilis etai, 
 
 Onid.au Assess. 
 
 Self 
 
Soti Deo tform, 
 
 to M. Ho wit e Preacher. 
 
 TT ERE, man with axe doth cut die boughe in twaine, 
 -£"1 Arid without him j the axe, coulde nothing doe 
 Within the toole , there doth no Force remained 
 But man it is, that mighte doth put thereto; 
 Like to this axe, is man, in all his deeds 
 "Who hath rkkfkengtb, but what from G o.d proceeded 
 
 Then , let him not, make yauntof his de&rt, 
 Nor bragge thereof, when hee good deedes hathdonxie: 
 For, it is G od that worked! in his har-te. 
 And with hisgrace , to good, doth make him ronnex 
 And of him /Hfe , hee weake theretooj doth liue ; 
 lua. Epift. And God giues power, to whome all gbrie giue. 
 
Dommus *vwt ffi nndel* 
 
 1x9 
 
 Behin de a figtrce great, him felfe did Adam hide: [efpide. cmf.. ; 
 And thought from God hee there might lurke, &fhould not bee 
 Oh foole s no corners feeke, thoughe thou a finner bee ; 
 For none but G od canthge ibrgiue , who all thy waies doth fee. 
 
 Ex maximo minimum. 
 
 •here liuely once y G o d s image was expreile, 
 "Whcrin , {bmetirne was (acred reafon phcde, 
 The" head, I Yneane:, that is fo ritchly blefle, 
 With iighte with (mell-, with heatinge, and With tafte. 
 Lo, nowe a fkull , both rotten, bare ? and drye„ 
 A relike meet'- in charnell honfe to lye, 
 
 f ? 
 
 Condufa 
 
 N'ic. Reufnerus, 
 Vt rt/amsui vigtpflx 
 rt m**x>i}]xrtl.\nguet; 
 Sic modi) cj«i fi'[">if<s$r 
 
Jt}0 CONGLVSIO OPERIS 
 
 *Ad UfaBrifjimum Hcrocm D. Robcrtum Dudlaeuin, 
 Comirem Leiceftrix, Haromm de Denbighe, &/c. 
 Dommmn meurn <~vmce cokndtim* 
 
 Tern pus omnia tcrminat. 
 
 TH E UngeU daye } in time refigner t<r nightt. 
 The greatcBoke 3 in time- to duftc doth tume*. 
 The - Rouen dies i the Egle failes of fhghte. , 
 The Phoenix rare, in time her felfe doth burnt. 
 The princelie (iagge at lengthe his race doth ronm. 
 And a// muH ende 3 that euer ^><t& begonne. 
 BUen fo 3 I } her* doe e^de t his fimple boo\e s . 
 K^And offer it vnto your Lorfhippes fighte : 
 W-hich , if you [hall rcceiue ^totth pleafmge looke s 
 J fha.fl retoyce , and th 'tnke my labour lighte. 
 \^And pray the Lerdeyour honour to pre/erne, 
 Qw noble gucene , and cotwtrie long to frue* 
 
 F x h i s. 
 
Geffrey Whitneys Choice of Emblemes. 
 by Alfred Brothers, Manchester. 
 
 M, DCCC. LXVIv 
 
ESSAYS LITERARY AND 
 BIBLIOGRAPHICAL 
 
 ILLUSTRATIVE OF 
 
 WHITNEY'S EMBLEMS 
 
 WITH 
 
 Explanatory Notes 
 
 BY 
 
 HENRY GREEN, M.A. 
 
 Thinking little of Socrates ; 
 But much more of the Truth. 
 
Nunquam procrastinandum. 
 
 Alciatae gentis insignia sustinet alee; 
 
 Vnguibus et firjSev fert avafiaWofievos. 
 Constat Alexandrwn sic respondisse roganti, 
 
 Qui tot obiuisset tempore gesta breui; 
 Nunquam, inquit, differre nolens, quod et indicat alee: 
 
 Fortior hcee dubites oeyor an ne siet. 
 
 Aldus, Venetiis m.d.xlvi. 
 
ESSAY I. 
 
 SUBJECTS AND SOURCES OF THE MOTTOES 
 AND DEVICES. 
 
 SECTION I. — General View — Devices not traced to other 
 
 EMBLEMATISTS — AND THOSE SIMPLY SUGGESTED BY THEM. 
 
 jHITNEY'S Choice of Emblems is most truly 
 a representative book, — representative not 
 of the entire emblem literature which pre- 
 ceded him, but of a very considerable por- 
 tion. Either by way of reference, or by 
 direct adoption, there is set before the reader a very full view, 
 not to name it a complete one, of what had been ventured on 
 and achieved by his fellow-labourers. Originality he does not 
 claim, though for this he deserves more credit than is usually 
 assigned to him ; but what he does claim to have done, was 
 done in a masterly way, which only a man of learning and of 
 culture could have accomplished. 
 
 The word motto speaks for itself. By device is to be under- 
 stood the pictorial illustration of the motto, excluding the 
 stanzas ; and by emblem, the whole combination of motto, de- 
 vice and stanzas into an artistic expression of thought. The 
 motto gives the subject, the device pictures it, the stanzas clothe 
 it in language more or less poetical, and Emblem furnishes a 
 name for the results when the three are made one and the work 
 is perfected. 
 
 " Choice of Emblemes " is the significant title which is pre- 
 fixed to this book, and most accurately does that word "choice" 
 describe the nature of what has been done. Whitney made a 
 selection from the labours of earlier writers, and especially from Whitney "to the 
 
 , Reader," pp. xiv. 
 
 those whose works had been imprinted " in the house of Christo- and xv. 
 
234 Essays Literary and Bibliographical. 
 
 " Book of Rox- 
 burghe Ballads, 
 >S9*" 
 
 Latin edition, 
 J497. Plate IV. 
 French edition, 
 1498. Plate 
 XXVIII. 
 
 Ed. 1539. 
 XXX. 
 Ed. 1540. 
 XXXII. 
 
 Plate 
 Plate 
 
 Ed. 1597. Plate 
 XXXVIII. 
 
 pher Plantyn." He had access to and made use of other books 
 of emblems, and sometimes has accommodated their devices 
 and explanatory stanzas to the collection which himself was 
 forming ; but these were the accessories to his plan, and not the 
 principals by the express aid of which his purpose was carried 
 out. 
 
 Collier informs us that in the sixteenth century it was the 
 custom among printers to buy up the old wood-blocks which 
 had been cut for other books, and, even without much coinci- 
 dence of subject, to introduce them into their own publications. 
 Of this practice he gives several amusing instances, but a better 
 cannot be supplied than from the Great Folio Bible of Eliza- 
 beth's reign, to the expenses of which several of the nobility, as 
 the earls of Leicester and Essex, contributed. Some of the 
 large and highly-ornamented capitals belong properly to stories 
 and anecdotes of the heathen mythology, but are heedlesly em- 
 ployed as embellishments of the sacred writings. 
 
 The practice spoken of was very extensively adopted by 
 emblem-printers and publishers, and without any blame to be 
 attached. The highly graphic drawings in Locher's and Brant's 
 " ictttlttfcra $,autB," Fool-freighted Ship, were introduced as 
 illustrations for " Ha grat \\ti Hm fol? Dtt moitt," The Great 
 SJiip of the Fools of the World. Again, the borders round the 
 devices of Perriere's " Theatre des bons Engins," are the same as 
 those in Corrozet's "Hecatomgraphie," The Hundred Engrav- 
 ings; and copies of the same engravings as appear in Freitag's 
 " Mythologia Ethica," Ethical Mythology, are inserted in a work 
 entitled " Esbatiment moral des Animaux." 
 
 Plantin of Antwerp possessed abundant stores of pictorial 
 embellishments* for books of many kinds ; and when woodcuts 
 or engravings had served for a work in Latin or French, he very 
 freely employed them for a similar work in Flemish, Dutch, or 
 English, and perchance in Spanish and Italian. The language 
 was changed, and in emblem-books the stanzas also, to suit dif- 
 ferences of thought or of customs, but, with a more or less orna- 
 mented border, the same woodcuts or engravings did service 
 
 * These stores, it is said, still remain in "£' 'Imprimerie Plantinienne" at Antwerp, 
 and greatly is it to be. desired that M. Edward Moretus should unveil the treasures of 
 his inheritance and make them accessible to the literary world. 
 
Essays Literary and Bibliographical. 
 
 2 35 
 
 over and over again. It was no more considered strange to dis- 
 tribute the blocks than to distribute the type, and when either 
 was wanted it assumed its fitting place on the compositor's table. 
 The proofs of this are very distinctly to be traced, especially in 
 the editions of Paradin or of Alciat from the year 1562 to 1608. 
 
 A writer of great authority maintains that Whitney's emblems £ ibdin - Bibiiog. 
 
 o J J Dec. vol. 1. p. 275. 
 
 were chiefly borrowed from Paradin's " Herdical Devices!' The 
 analysis we are about to submit will show the inaccuracy of this 
 statement, and that Alciat was the great source to which our 
 author applied. Another writer, without entirely rectifying it, 
 points out Dibdin's error, and affirms that some were taken from 
 Paradin, others from Sambucus, Junius and Alciatus, and some 
 also from the sacred emblems of Beza. 
 
 There are indeed a few coincidences between the emblems of Se 5 ?' a ' es vm 
 
 and LIX. 
 
 Whitney and those of Beza, but not above two examples of 
 direct and immediate borrowing. Of the emblematists of Whit- 
 ney's era the greater part were either directly or indirectly laid 
 under contribution by him : not many of them escaped, and that 
 rather because of incongruity in their subjects than because the 
 works were unknown.* One or two of these are simply referred 
 to, as Achilles Bocchius ; and others are alluded to among- divers To the Reader. 
 
 ' ' o p. XV. 
 
 * Among emblem-books, neither used by Whitney nor alluded to by him, are to be 
 included : 
 
 Gerard Leeu's "Dialog. Creatur. Morali, Editio Primaria," or Dialogues o/'Biblioth. Reg. 
 
 the Creatures, excellently moralized &c. to the praise of God and the edifica- the Hague ' 
 
 tion of men. Gothic letter, large 4to, unpaged, 1480. 
 Also ' ' Een genoechlick boeck gheheten dyalogus der creaturen. Te Delf in 
 
 Holland, 1488." The last edition. 
 A. Coelio Augustino's " Hieroglyphica," or Concerning the sacred things of the 
 
 Egyptians and of other nations, &c. In 70 bks. pp. 441. Folio. Basilic 
 
 I567- 
 
 Teron. Ruscelli's "Ze Impresi illvstri." 4to, pp.496. Venice 11:84. Alluded ? T mb - ^ ibrar y of 
 1. u ■ r>i -T a- j ' ' J ^ H.Y.Thompson, 
 
 to by sir Philip Sidney. 
 
 J. Keysersberg Geyler's "Navicula, sive speculum fatuorum" &>c. Small 4to. 
 
 Argent. 15 1 1. 
 
 Geyler's "Navicula Pomitentice" &*c. Folio. Augsburg 1511. 
 
 J. P. Valerian's "Hieroglyphica," or Commentaries on the sacred characters of 
 
 the Egyptians. Folio. Basiliae 1556. 
 Giovio's 1 1 Dialogue des Devises d'armes et d' amour," G^c. 4to. Lyon 1561. 
 Maerman's "Apologi Creaturarum," &*c. 4to. Antwerp 1584. 
 And perhaps we ought to name from the same library : 
 
 Holbein's " Icones historiarum vet. Testamenti" &*c. 4to. Lugduni 1547. 
 Bernard's " Figure del Vecchio e del nuovo Test." &>c. 8vo. Lione 1554. 
 
2 3 6 
 
 -Essays Literary and Bibliographical. 
 
 persons "wel knowne to the learned." Of his own skill and in- 
 vention, as far as the subjects and devices are concerned, very 
 little was produced ; in fact his aim was, not to strike out new 
 paths, but to follow up the old. 
 
 Similar emblems to those of Whitney are to be found in 
 many writers previous to the year 1586, when "the Choice of 
 Emblemes " appeared ; and in all probability, when not copied 
 from other sources, they were suggested by the works of Sebas- 
 tian Brant, William Perriere, Giles Corrozet, Horapollo, Bartho- 
 lomew Aneau, Peter Coustau, Paolo Giovio, Gabriel Symeoni, 
 Arnold Freitag, Theodore Beza and Nicholas Reusner. To 
 these authors we may trace like thoughts and expressions and 
 like devices. 
 
 But in the vast majority of instances there is an absolute iden- 
 tity between the mottoes and pictorial illustrations in Whitney 
 and those in earlier or contemporary writers ; and this identity 
 extends to the employment of the very same wood-blocks for 
 striking off the impressions. At various times, between 1562 
 and 1585, from Plantin's offices in Antwerp and Leyden, various 
 See Annales de editions had been published of emblems by Claude Paradin, 
 1555^1 s89 antm- Gabriel Faerni,* John Sambucus, Hadrian Junius and Andrew 
 Alciat ; these are the veritable originals of a large proportion of 
 Whitney's stanzas, and supply his work with most of the picto- 
 rial devices which adorn it. 
 
 The devices not hitherto traced to other emblematists are these : 
 
 Description of Device. Page. Description of Device. 
 
 31 The house on fire and the envious 185 Quinctilian, the Author and Fame, 
 
 man. 198 Alexander and Diogenes. 
 
 95 The envious and the covetous. 203 A ship drawn by Providence. 
 
 112 The schoolmaster of Faleria. 216a The broth boiling over. 
 114 Regulus Attilius tortured, b ^Reconciliation at sunset. 
 
 129 An overwhelming sea. 2180 Pan and Apollo, Midas being judge. 
 
 133 The vine and the olive. 224a A crown for the persecuted. 
 145 The ape caught in the stocks. b Alms by sound of trumpet. 
 
 161 The sick fox and the lion. 225 The pilgrim looking heavenward. 
 
 1660 A Bible in the heavens and the 228 The axe wielded by the woodman. 
 
 Enemy of souls. 229a Adam hiding behind a tree. 
 
 167 The old man and the infant. 230 The sun setting. 
 1 6 8a Homer and the Muses begging. 
 
 * Properly a book of Fables, like the editions of .i^Esop, printed by Plantin in 1565, 
 1567 and 1581. 
 
Essays Literary and Bibliographical. i^l 
 
 We cannot however say with certainty that the whole of these 
 23 emblems are original ; further researches may lessen the 
 number, and two or three works, to which I have not obtained 
 access, seem likely to supply some of the missing identifications ; 
 they are from Plantin's* press, and therefore Whitney probably Annaies de rim- 
 
 J r ' j i. j pnmerie Plantm- 
 
 had seen them. It is a point undetermined, though I should !^ n d n ^ 7 pp ' 88 ' 47 
 expect to find the emblems on pages 133, 145 and 161 derived 
 from some book of fables. 
 
 For the other emblems the sources of the mottoes and devices 
 may be arranged in two divisions : 
 
 I. Devices suggested only by those of other Emblematists, 
 
 or similar to theirs : ' 
 
 II. Devices struck off from the same wood-blocks, and 
 therefore identical. 
 
 I. Devices suggested only, or similar to those of other 
 Emblematists. 
 
 Under this heading the emblems, with their description 
 printed in italic letter, are alone really to be attributed to their 
 respective authors as the sources from which Whitney took 
 them ; in other instances, with the description printed in roman 
 letter, similarity exists, — little or nothing more. When a de- 
 vice is borrowed the motto belonging to it is generally borrowed 
 also. 
 
 i°. Locher's translation into Latin of Sebastian Brant's "Sjtttl= see Plate iv. 
 ttfera ULautB," Fool-freighted Ship, quarto ; with CLVI folios : 
 there are 115 spirited though rather rough woodcuts, besides the 
 title-page and the last page, ending with " In laudatissima Ger- 
 manise vrbe Basiliensi : nup opa & pmotione Johanis Bergman 
 de Olpe Anno salutis nre M.CCCCXCVII. Kl. August!" f 
 
 * "Les Proverbes anciens Flamengs et Franqois correspondans," &c, par M. Annales&c. p. 88. 
 Franqois Goedthals- 8vo, pp. 143. Anvers 1568. 
 
 Estienne Perret, "XXV fables des aniinaux, vray miroir exemplaire," &c. Anvers P- l8 7- 
 1578. Fol. de 26 feuillets. 
 
 "Fabulse aliquot ^Esopi, breves, faciles et jucundae," &c. 8vo. Antverpioe 1581. P- "5 
 
 + The German original was published in 1494, thus: "Das narrenschyff Ge- For editions of 
 drucht zu Basil Im jar noch Christi geburt Tusant vier hundert vier und niintzig. IruneVs" Tlamic! 
 Jo. B. (Bergman) von Olpe." It is a quarto of 158 folios, or of 164 according to M. ^^' h ^ r f' " lwl 
 Graesse, with 114 figures in wood. 1Z09! 
 
23! 
 
 Essays Literary and Bibliographical. 
 
 See Plate 
 XXVIII. 
 
 Plate XXIX. 
 Four worn. 
 
 Plate V. 
 No man. 
 
 Geoffrey de Marnef's translation into French, "Ha grat nef 
 Bes fol? Btt tttoBe," The Great Ship of the Fools of the World, 
 large quarto, with LXXXVIII feuillets in double columns, and an 
 index; besides the title-page there are 1 16 woodcuts similar to 
 those of the Latin edition, but not identical. The capital letters 
 to each subject are ornamented. The ending is : "®g> ftmst la 
 itef Bes fol? Bn monBe. ^remteremfet eonossee en aleman gar 
 matstre Seiiastten brant Boeteur es Brott?. ©onseettttttement 
 Baleman en lattn reBtgee gar matstre JTaegues loefier. 3£teuene 
 et mm Be putstettrs oelles t oncorDances tt aBBtttons par leDtt 
 brant <&t Be nouuel translatee Be lattn en fraeogs et tmprtmee 
 jjour ©eoftrog Be marnef Itoratre Be parts. He nut tour Btt moss 
 Be,jFe&ttrter. H an m.ceeesetx." . 
 
 Page. Description of Device. 
 
 176 Three women gaming. 
 
 French ed.feuil. M. 
 1 8 1 Occasion or fortune. fol. ixxxv. 
 223 No man can serve two masters. 
 
 Description of Device. 
 17 Drinking, gaming, throat cutting. 
 
 fol. XXVII. 
 
 27 Fowlers and decoy bird. xlix. 
 155 The thief and his mother. 
 
 xvi. and lvii. 
 159 The ant and the grasshopper, ixxx. 
 
 See Plate xxx. 2°. William de la Perriere's " Le Theatre DES BONS ENGINS," 
 &c, The Theatre of Good Contrivances, in which are contained one 
 hundred Emblems" &c, a Paris, Denys Ianot, 1 5 39. Small oc- 
 tavo, unpaged, The work has 214 pages and CI emblems, with 
 highly ornamented borders to nearly every page. Dedication : 
 "A treshaulte & tresillustre princesse, Madame Marguerite de 
 France, Royne de Nauarre, seur vnicque du treschrestien Roy 
 de France. Guillaume de la Perriere son treshuble seruiteur." 
 The mottoes on the title-page are, " Amor Dei OMNTA vincit," 
 and " AMOR UT FLOS trasiet ;" and the borders to the pages 
 and emblems are the same with those in Corrozet's Hecatom- 
 graphie. 
 
 Consult Brunet': 
 " Manuel du 
 Libraire," 1862, 
 vol. iii. 829. 
 
 Plate XXX. 
 Janus. 
 
 Plate XXXI. 
 Diligence. 
 
 See Plate 
 XXXII. 
 
 Page. Description of Device. 
 
 27 Fowlers and decoy bird. Umb. mi. 
 
 53a The sow and the gleanings. xvn. 
 
 60 Pythagoras enjoining silence, vin. 
 
 108 Janus with sceptre and mirror. I. 
 
 165 A man plucking roses. xxx. 
 
 175 Diligence draion by ants. CI. 
 
 179 Swimming with a burden. rxx. 
 
 3°. Giles Corrozet's " Hccatomgraphie" &c, 
 
 Page. Description of Device. 
 
 180 A fowler letting a bird fly. JEmb. xc. 
 1 88a The ape and darling whelp, xlvii. 
 192 A sword tried on an anvil. xxxi. 
 205 The cypress tree. lxv. 
 208 Playing at chess with the house 
 
 on fire. MX. 
 221 A lily among thorns. xix. 
 
 That is to say 
 
■» 
 
 Essays Literary and Bibliographical. 239 
 
 the descriptions of one hundred figures and histories, containing 
 many Apophthegms, Proverbs, Sentences and Sayings, as well 
 of the Ancients as of the Moderns, &c. ;" Paris, by Denys Ianot, 
 1540, small octavo, pages 206, emblems iqo; Dedication, "Gilles 
 Corrozet Parisien avx bons espritz & amateurs des lettres."* 
 
 Page. Description of Device- Page. Description of Device. 
 
 19 The goddess Nemesis JEmb. 38 181 Occasion or fortune Emb. 41, 34 
 
 28 Icarus falling into the sea 67 183a The burning torch downwards 65 
 40 Virtue, Vice and Hercules 74 195 The elephant and the serpent 56 
 936 A virtuous wife 96 210 The lion feigning sickness and 
 
 1566 The fox and the lion 55 the fox 55 
 
 157 The heedless astronomer 72 219 , The gnats round a candle 76 Plate XXX II 
 
 The Gnats. 
 
 4°. Horapollo's "HlEROGLYPHlCA," &c, Concerning the Sacred Plate 11 
 Signs and Sculptures, &c. ; Paris, Keruer, M.D.LI., small octavo, 
 pages 20 for title &c. and 242. The plates are numerous. 
 
 There were five editions of Horapollo previous to this — the 
 first at Venice by Aldus in 1505, and the others in 15 17, 15 18, 
 1521 and 1548. For the manuscripts and editions of Horapollo, 
 the best work to consult is that of Dr. Conrad Leemans of '' 'Horappiiinis 
 
 N1I01 Hiero- 
 
 Leyden, whose own edition with a commentary may be named, |'^^ ml 
 on critical grounds, as the best of this author. See also Brunet's MBCCraxxv 
 "Maritiel du Libraire" vol. iii. col. 343. 
 
 Page. Description of Device. Page. Description of Device- 
 
 35 The hunted beaver p. 162 131 Buildings in ruins, books en- 
 
 73 The stork feeding her young 155 during p. 124 
 120 The cock, the lion and the 159 The ant and the grasshopper 75 
 
 church 55 177 The phoenix from the flames 52 
 
 126 The swan, a poets badge 136 1 8 %a The ape and her whelp 163 pi a te II 
 
 200 Bees seeking their hive 87 Swan. 
 
 5°. Bartholomew Aneau's " PlCTA POESIS," &c, " Pictured Plate xxxm. 
 Poetry. As a picture poetry will be." Motto "From Labour, 
 Glory;" Lyons, Bonhomme, 1552, octavo, folios 119, containing 
 106 emblems. The woodcuts are small, but well executed. 
 
 The same year and from the same printer appeared a French 
 translation " LTmagination poetique, traduction en vers fran- J 3 ™" 6 ^ ^ 
 cois des latins et grecz par l'auteur mesme d'iceux." 
 
 Page. Description of Device. Page. Description of Devic€. 
 
 15 Actseon seized by hounds fol. 128 75 Prometheus and the vulture fol. 90 
 
 29 A bird brooding 73 122 Representation of Chaos 49 Plate XXXIII. 
 
 74 Tantalus, water and fruit 108 141 Brasidas and his false shield 18 chaos - 
 
 * Consult Brunet's "Manuel du Libraire" Paris 1861, tome ii. col. 299-308; 
 and Dibdin's Bibl. Dec. i. 2156. 
 
 B 
 
24° Essays Literary and Bibliographical. 
 
 Plate XXXIV. 
 
 Plate XXXV. 
 
 Plate XXXIV. 
 Ruins. 
 
 Plate XXXV. 
 Time. 
 
 Plate XXXVI. 
 
 Page. Description of Device. Page. Description of Device. 
 
 149 Narcissus and his shadow fol. 48 215 Sisyphus rolling the stone fol. 79 
 
 190a Urging a fool to climb a tree 60 2186 The shadows 58 
 
 211 The jealous wife 77 2296 A human skull 53 
 
 6°. Peter Coustau's "PEGMA, Cum narrationibus philosophicis" 
 " Repository, with philosophical narrations ;" Lyons, Bonhomme, 
 1555- The ornamented title-page has, like the Picta Poesis, a 
 Mercury with the Gorgon's head, and the motto "ek iionot 
 kaeos," From Labour, Glory. The dedication is, " PETRVS 
 COSTALIVS Antonio Costalio Fratri S.D." Small oc- 
 tavo, pages 16, 336 and 8, or 360. The emblems count 92, with 
 elaborate borders to each, but not well executed. 
 
 The French translation has every page highly embellished. 
 " LE Pegme de Pierre Covstav," &c. ; " from Latin into French 
 by LANTEAVME de Romieu Gentleman of Aries ;" Lyons, Molin, 
 1560. On the ornamented title-page is a figure of Minerva stand- 
 ing erect within a medallion having the motto around, "LlTERAE 
 et Arma parant (Qvorvm Dea Pallas) honorem." The 
 woodcuts of the French translation are very similar to those of 
 the Latin original, but the borders are not the same. Small 
 octavo, pages 420. The emblems are 94. 
 
 Page. Description of Device. 
 
 38 A warrior on a war-horse p. 251 
 40 Virtue, Yice and Hercules 92 
 60 Pythagoras enjoining silence 109 
 62 Withered elm and fruitful vine 62 
 
 Manuel du 
 Libraire, 1864, 
 vol. v. col. 392. 
 
 Description of Device. 
 76a Two warriors shaking hands p. 162 
 131 Ruins and writings 178 
 186 Orpheus and the animals 315 
 230 The setting sun (Pegme) 374 
 
 7°. Paolo Giovio's and Gabriel Symeoni's " Le Sententiose 
 IMPRESE," &c, i.e. Devices for Sayings, &c. ; Lyons, Roville, 
 1562 ; quarto, pages 134, emblems 126. The devices of Gabriel 
 Symeoni are 36 on pages 9-44 ; those of Vescovo Giovio are 90 
 on pages 45-134. The whole work is also named "TETRASTICHI 
 Morali," Moral Four-lined Stanzas. The clear woodcuts are 
 the same as those which were used for the French translation of 
 the " Ragionamento di M. Paolo Giovio sopra i Motti & designi 
 d'armi & d' amove" &c, and which was printed at Lyons in 1561 ; 
 the same blocks were used again for a reprint of the original 
 Italian at Lyons in 1574. For an account of Giovio's works con- 
 sult Brunet's "Manuel dn Libraire" iii. col. 582-584. 
 
 Brunet names a work of Symeoni's : it is " Les Devises et 
 Emblhnes hero'iques et Morales, inventees par le seigneur Gabriel 
 
Essays Literary and Bibliographical. 241 
 
 Symeon;" Lyons, Guil. Roville, 1559, quarto, in 50 pages, with 
 very pretty woodcuts. 
 
 Page. Description df Device. Page. Description of Device. 
 
 35 The hunted beayer p. 126 183a! Burning torch downwards p. 35 
 
 986 The trodden-down dock 32 183J Wrongs cut on marble 24 p| ate XXXVII 
 
 110 A rampant lion with a sword 77 1906 Giving alms quickly ^Wrongs. 
 
 121 The crab and the butterfly 11 219 The gnats round a candle 25 
 
 168J Bending the cross-bow 34 226 The cloak and mask 26 
 
 169 The ape and the miser's gold 40 227 Two horses chasing a third 30 
 177 The phoenix from the flames 14 
 
 8°. Arnold Freitag's " MYTHOLOGIA Ethica," &c, ''Ethical Plate xxxvm- 
 Mythology, that is, A very pleasant garden of Moral Philosophy, 
 delivered through fables attributed to brute animals : In which, 
 the labyrinth of human life being made clear, the path of virtue 
 is taught in very beautiful precepts as by the thread of Theseus. 
 With most artistic imitations of very noble sculptures by Arnold 
 Freitag, explained in Latin, and engraved on brass. Antwerp 
 M.D.LXXix." Small quarto, pages 251, plates 125. Dedication: 
 "CLARISSIMIS OPTIMISQVE Viris Abrahamo Ortelio 
 Hispaniarvm Regis Geographo, et Andrew Ximenio Lv- 
 sitano, Arnoldvs Freitaghivs S. D." 
 
 The above work is doubtless the same as that of which the 
 title is given by M. A. A De Backer and Ch. Ruelens, with the 
 addition " Philippo Gallaeo Christophorus Plantinus excudebat ;" ,' ,Ann * ,es de 
 
 * A L ' 1 Impnmene 
 
 thus fixing who the printer was. The copy used by me has Pkntinienne," 
 
 0 1 r J J ■ pp. 202, 20;. 
 
 written in it, by Mr. J. Brooks Yates, " The engravings by Gerard 
 de Jode and others. The Rev. Thomas Corser has a work en- 
 titled Esbatiment moral des Animaux, with engravings from 
 the same plates, but the explanations are in French sonnets." 
 By whom the beautiful engravings were wrought is not exactly 
 ascertained, for the Plantinian Annals say: "Pas de nom de Page 20 j. 
 graveur : mais les planches sortent evidemment de l'atelier de 
 Galle, ce qui est constate d'ailleurs par la mention faite au titre. 
 Elles pourraient bien etre l'ceuvre de Gerard de Jode." 
 
 Page. Description of Device. Page. Description of Device. 
 
 39 The dog and the shadow p. 113 177 The phoenix from the flames p. 249 piate XXXIX. 
 
 58 The ape and the whelp's paw 129 184 The ox and the cur 69 phoemx - 
 
 73 The stork feeding her young 251 1 88a The ape and her whelp 15 
 
 98a The fox and the grapes 127 189 The snake warmed by the fire 177 
 
 128 The mouse and oyster 169 195 The elephant and the dragon 145 
 
 159 The ant and the grasshopper 29 210 The lion feigning sickness 5 p , late x k. 
 
 160 A satyr and his host 167 
 
242 Essays Literary and Bibliographical. 
 
 Plate VIII. 
 Beza. 
 
 Bibl. Decani, 
 vol. i. p. 274. 
 
 9°. Theodore Beza's " ICONES id ^ Ver,e IMAGINES," &c, 
 Images, i.e. True Portraits of Men illustrious for learning and 
 piety, &c., to which have been added some pictures which are 
 named EMBLEMS ; Geneva, Laonius, M.D.LXXX., quarto, unpaged, 
 the emblems are 44. The dedication is, " Serenissimo per Dei 
 
 GRATIAM SCOTLE REGI lACOBO EIVS NOMINIS SEXTO, THEO- 
 
 dorvs Beza Gratiam ac Pacem a Domino." The work is 
 remarkable as containing the earliest known portrait of our 
 James I. There was a French translation by Simon Goulart 
 printed at Geneva in 1 581, quarto. 
 
 "These emblems," says Dibdin, "are of peculiar delicacy of 
 execution, but being heavily printed on a thin and coarse-grained 
 paper, they lose much of the merit of their execution. The bor- 
 ders are elaborate, and perhaps of rather too. much importance 
 for the subjects contained within them, — so as in some degree 
 to impair the effect." 
 
 io°. Nicholas Reusner's "EMBLEMATA," &c, Emblems, &c, 
 partly ethical and physical, but partly historical and hieroglyphical, 
 &c, to which is added a book of sacred images or emblems by 
 Jeremiah Reusner ; Franckfort, John Feyerabend, 1581, small 
 quarto, pages 371. 
 
 The engravings on wood were by Virgil Solis and Jost Ammon. 
 The emblems are comprised in four books of a general nature, 
 and one bopk of sacred images ; also three books of family pedi- 
 grees without any pictorial illustrations. Nearly all have dedi- 
 cations, — some of them very curious : as Emb. IIX. p. 210, v 'To 
 Jesus Christ, God-man," entitled " Christ the ladder to heaven 
 Emb. xxvi. p. 236, "To Jesus Christ, Pontifex and King, best 
 and greatest," with the words " The stars shew the way to the 
 king;" and Emb. XXXVI. p. 248, "To Peter an apostle of Jesus 
 Christ." In the family pedigrees are celebrated "John Sambu- 
 cus the learned physician," p. 297 ; " Christopher Plantin, the 
 renowned printer," p. 328 ; and " Sigismund Feyerabend, the 
 well-known bookseller," p. 329. 
 
 There is at the end of the volume a remarkable ornament, 
 occupying the whole page ; it is a figure of Fame, with a trum- 
 
 Page. Description of Device. 
 
 Plate XLI. Man. 32 Man and Shadow 
 Plate LIX. Dog. 21 3 Dog barking at the moon 
 
 Page. Descrij>tio?i of Device. 
 
 Emb. 13 214 Phryxus on the golden fleece Emb. 4 
 23 218J Man, woman and shadows 14 
 
Essays Literary and Bibliographical. 243 
 
 pet in each hand; one of which the goddess is sounding. The 
 device is surrounded by the motto, "Si CVPIS VT CELEBRI STET 
 TVA FAMA LGCO: PERVIGILES HABEAS OCVLOS, ANIMVMQVE 
 SAGACEM " — If thou desirest that thy fame slwidd stand in a 
 noble place, thou shouldst have the eyes watchful and the mind 
 alert. 
 
 There is also a poetical work by Reusner to which Whitney f^™^;* 0 ' 
 frequently refers ; it is " POLYANTHIA, sive Paradisus poeticus," I44 > ,47 > 
 in VII books ; Bale 1579, octavo. Consult also Brunet's "Manuel" 
 vol. iv. col. 1255. 
 
 Page. Description of Device. Page. Description of Device. 
 
 39 The dog and his shadow p. 82 127 We must not fight with ghosts p. 87 
 
 47 Caesar and Cicero 16 174 Arion and the dolphin 142 Plate XLIII. 
 
 48 An ass eating grass ropes 88 177 The phoenix from the flames 98 Anon - 
 63 Cupid drawn by lions 20 186 Orpheus and the animals 129 
 
 75 Prometheus and the vulture 37 18 8a The ape and her whelp 70 
 87 The pelican feeding her young 73 189 The snake warmed by the fire 8 1 
 126 The poet's badge, the swan 91 
 
 Thus the devices in Whitney, which are similar to those of 
 other emblem writers of his own era, and which might be sug- 
 gested by them, are 103, — to be thus distributed : to Brant, 7 ; 
 Perriere, 13 , Corrozet, 11 ; Horapollo, 9 ; Aneau, 12 ; Coustau, 8 ; 
 Giovio and Symeoni, 13 ; Freitag, 13 ; Beza, 4; and Reusner, 13. 
 Probably, however, he did not borrow from these sources above 
 23 emblems. 
 
 SECTION II. — Devices struck off from the same 
 
 WOOD-BLOCKS, AND THEREFORE IDENTICAL. 
 
 |OW far Devices and Mottoes that are similar to 
 his own were really suggestive to Whitney of the 
 subjects which he has chosen for illustration may 
 be very questionable, but there can be no doubt 
 with respect to^ those which are identical. In 
 these the devices coincide stroke for stroke, line for line and 
 figure for figure — the sole difference being a border of another 
 pattern, which we know was easily effected, because the centre 
 constituted a block by itself, and the framework in which it was 
 set might be changed as propriety or fancy dictated. 
 
244 Essays Literary and Bibliographical. 
 
 The authors between whom and Whitney the identity existed 
 of which we are speaking all found editors among the learned 
 men whom Plantin gathered around him, and were sent forth 
 from Antwerp or from Leyden. We shall arrange them rather 
 in the order of their relative importance to Whitney's purpose 
 than to their time or their merit. The names of the ten authors 
 in Section I. who have similar emblems will be printed in italic 
 letter. 
 
 Plate xxi. i°. Andrew Alciat : "Omnia ANDREW ALCIATI V.C. 
 
 Emblemata," &c, " All the Emblems of Andrew Alciat, with 
 Commentaries, in which, the origin of every emblem being laid 
 open, the meaning of the author is explained, and all obscurities 
 and doubts cleared up, by Claude Mignault of Dijon. The third 
 edition by far more richly stored than the others. Antwerp, 
 from the office of Christopher Plantin,* chief printer to the king, 
 m.d.lxxxi." Octavo, pages 782, emblems 197, trees 16, total 
 213. Each emblem has an ornamented border, and to each 
 there are copious notes. The references are to this edition, un- 
 less an earlier be mentioned, but the arrangement and paging of 
 it are very defective. 
 
 Plate vi. "Andrew Alciati Emblematvm Libellvs ;" Paris, Wechel 
 
 M.D.XXXIIIL, small octavo, pages 120, emblems 112. On the 
 title-page and at the end is the printer's symbol, with the motto 
 "Vnicvm Arbustu no alit dvos Erythacos," One tree does 
 
 j. b. Yates. not support two Redbreasts. The woodcuts are very curious and 
 repeated from the same blocks in the Paris editions of 1536, 1540, 
 1542 and 1544. 
 
 piate xvi. "Andrew Alciati Emblematvm Libellvs," &c. ; Aldus, 
 Venice M.D.XLVI. " With the privilege of Pope Paul III. and of 
 the Senate of Venice for ten years." Small octavo, folios 47, em- 
 blems 84. The Aldine symbol is on the title-page and at the 
 end, and the volume was printed by the sons of Aldus. 
 
 Plate xvii. " Diverse Imprese," &c, Various Designs adapted to various 
 Morals, with verses which declare their significations, together 
 with many others in the Italian language not often translated, 
 taken from the emblems 0/ALCIAT ; Lyons, Roville, 1551, octavo, 
 
 Annates, pp. 64, * The editions of Alciat which Plantin himself issued were in 1566, 1574, 1581, 
 
 152, 226, 258 and I5 g 3 and lS g 4; all in Latilli 
 
Essays Literary and Bibliographical. 
 
 245 
 
 pages 191, emblems 180. Every page is richly ornamented with 
 a border, and there are Italian stanzas to each emblem. 
 
 " Emblemata D. A. Alciati," &c, " Emblems of A. Alciat, Plate xix. 
 lately revised by the Author, and, what were desired, enriched 
 with designs. Some new emblems by the Author remarkable 
 for their designs are added." Lyons, Roville, 155 1, octavo, pages 
 226, emblems 211. This Latin edition contains 31 more em- 
 blems than the Italian, but in each edition 180 of the emblems 
 are from the same blocks, the borders being changed. Both 
 editions are most profusely embellished. 
 
 Page. Description of Device. 
 
 2 Mercury instructing the 
 
 traveller, ed. 1551 JSmi. %,p. 14 
 
 5 The swallow and grass- 
 
 hopper 179, 617 
 
 6 A charioteer with fierce 
 
 horses, Corr. 19 55, 223 
 
 8 An ass bearing Isis, Faerni 7) 4-^ 
 10 Sirens and Ulysses 115, 410 
 
 13 Slaying of Niobe's children 67, 255 
 
 14 Heraclitus and Democritus 
 
 151, 535 
 
 16 Pigmies and Hercules 58, 232 
 
 18 Laden ass eating thistles 85, 313 
 
 19 The goddess Nemesis, Corr. 
 
 E. 38 27, 128 
 
 27 Fowlers and decoy bird, 
 
 Brant, ed. 1497, E. 49, 57 
 Perr. E. 53 50, 209 60 
 
 28 Icarus falling into the sea, 
 
 Corr. E. 67 * 103, 363 
 
 29 A bird brooding, Aneau, 62 
 
 P-73 i93> 66 7 
 
 30 Prowess mourning for Ajax 48,202 63 
 
 33 Swallow's nest and Medeia 54,221 
 
 34 The gourd and the pine 124,448 65 
 
 35 The hunted beaver, CHovio, 
 
 126, Horap. 162 152, 538 70 
 
 37 Hector and Ajax exchang- 73 
 
 ing gifts i67. 579 
 
 38 A warrior on his war horse, 
 
 Coust. p. 251 35, 160 74 
 
 45 Agamemnon, with sword 
 
 and shield 57, 230 75 
 
 47 Csesar and Cicero, Reus. St. 
 
 i. 16 41, 181 
 
 Description of Device. 
 
 48 An ass eating grass ropes, 
 
 Reus. p. 88 ~Emb. 91, p. 328 
 
 49 She-goat and wolf's whelp 64, 247 
 500s Weary man and swallows 70, 268 
 526 Small fish and their ene- 
 mies 169, 585 
 
 5 3a The sow and the gleanings, 
 
 Perr. E. 17 45, 196 
 
 b Sour fig tree on the moun- 
 tain 73, 276 
 54a Trumpeter asking forgive* 
 
 ness 173, 596 
 
 b Swallow, cuckoo, &c. 100, 352 
 55<z Two redbreasts fighting 93, 333 
 56 The dog biting the stone, : i n 
 
 Italian ed. 102 174, 599 
 
 Washing the iEthiop 59, 235 
 
 Pythagoras enjoining silence, 
 
 Lat. ed. 155 1, p. 17, Perr. 
 
 E. 8, Coust. p. 109 
 Withered elm and fruitful 
 
 vine, Coust. p. 200 159, 556 
 
 Cupid drawn by lions, 
 
 Reus. 15, i. 20 105, 370 
 
 The blind carrying the 
 
 lame 160, 559 
 
 Brutus falling on his sword 119, 430 
 The stork feeding her young, 
 
 Horap. p. 155, Freit. p. 
 
 2 5i 
 
 Tantalus, water and fruit, 
 Aneau, p. 108 
 
 Prometheus and the vul- 
 ture, Reus. 27, i. 37, A- 
 neau, p. 90 
 
 Dog. 
 
 30, 142 
 
 84, 310 
 
 102. 358 
 
246 Essays Literary and Bibliographical. 
 
 Plate XXII. 
 Hares. 
 
 Plate LVIII. 
 Bees. 
 
 Plate LIX. 
 Dog. 
 
 Page. Description of Device. Page. 
 
 7 6a Two warriors reconciled, Const. 147 
 p. 162, Samb. p. 16 Fmb. 39, p. 175 148 
 77a Fisherman and eel 21, 102 
 
 78 Archer stung by an adder 104,367 149 
 
 79 Lais with her musk-cat 79, 294 
 
 82 Transformation into swine, 151 
 Reus. 24, iii. 134 76, 284 152 
 
 85 To cast off sloth 81, 300 
 
 90 The dolphin aground 166,577 163 
 94 Envy feeding on vipers 71,271 164 
 99 The tyrant Mezentius 197,681 
 
 119 Lion, boar and vulture 125,452 170 
 
 120 Cock, lion and church, Ho- 174 
 
 rap. p. 55 I5 , 78 176 
 
 126 The poet's badge, a swan, 
 
 Horap. p. 136, Reus,, p. 
 
 91 183, 635 181 
 
 127 Hares and dead lion, Bens. 
 
 P- 87 153, 542 
 
 118 Mouse and oyster, Freit. ■ 182a 
 
 P- 169 94, 33S 187 
 
 130 Emblems of the seven wise 1886 
 
 men 186, 646 189J 
 
 132 Love and Death exchanging 193 
 
 arrows 155, 547 194 
 
 134 A dyer at his cauldron 117,420 
 
 135 A sage, Cupid and the lady 108,379 200 
 
 136 Ewer &c. and tomb 31, 146 
 
 137 Ship driven on its course 43, 188 202 
 138a Helmet becomes a hive 177, 608 207 
 1396 Nemesis and Hope 46, 198 213 
 144 Arion and dolphin, Reus. 
 
 p. 142 89, 323 214 
 
 146 Apollo and Bacchus 99, 349 
 
 Description of Device. 
 Cupid and the bees Fmb. 111,^.391 
 Cupid complaining to Ve- 
 nus 112, 394 
 Narcissus and his shadow, 
 
 Aneau 48 69, 261 
 
 The king and the sponge 147, 546 
 The winged and weighted 
 
 hands 120, 435 
 
 iEneas rescuing Anchises 194, 670 
 Brass and earthen pots, 
 
 Faerni i. p. 7 165, 574 
 
 Gorged kite and dam - 128, 462 
 The fruitful wayside tree 192, 665 
 Three careless dames at 
 
 dice, Brands St. Nav. 
 
 lxxxv. 129, 465 
 
 Occasion or fortune, Brant 
 
 xlvii, Corr.'E. 41 and 84, 
 
 Perr. E. 63 121,438 
 Cupid's emblems 106, 374 
 
 Bacchus and his emblems 25, 1 15 
 The lamprey and the arrow 20, 99 
 Goat overturning milk 140, 505 
 Thetis at Achilles' tomb 135, 483 
 The drum, terror after 
 
 death 170, 587 
 
 Bees seeking their hive, 
 
 Horap. p. 87 148, 528 
 
 Courtier in the stocks 86, 316 
 
 Falcon, geese and ducks 139, 502 
 Dog barking at the moon, 
 
 Beza E. 23 164,571 
 Phryxus and golden fleece, 
 
 Beza~E. 4 189,658 
 
 Thus there are 86 of Whitney's emblems, the sources of which 
 are identical with those of Plantin's edition of Alciat in 1581. 
 
 Plate vii. 2°. Claude Paradin's "Les Devises Heroiqves," &c, "The 
 
 Heroical Devices of M. Claude Paradin, Canon of Beaujeau, of 
 Signor Gabriel Symeon and of other authors." Antwerp, Plan- 
 tin, M.D.LXIL, in i6mo, folioed but not paged ; with many well- 
 executed woodcuts, and with notices of persons and events of 
 much interest. The copy to which our references are made con- 
 tains the autograph of our author Geffrey Whitney. 
 
Essays Literary and Bibliographical. 247 
 
 The earliest edition of Paradin was printed at Lyons in 1557,* 
 thus : "Devises heroi'ques. Lyons, Ian de Tournes et Guill. Gazeau, voito\l\ 6 % 
 1557, in 8°, de 261 pp. avec 180 grav. sur bois." The printers, 
 Plantin and Latius, issued several editions in Latin and French ; 
 there was in fact " une foule d'editions, sortant de presses diffe- p ' A 7 n ; na,es ' " 
 rentes ;" as the Latin one, 
 
 "SYMBOLA HEROICA M.Claudii Paradini Belliiocensis Canonici 
 et D. Gabrielis Symeonis. Multo quam antea, fidelius de gallica 
 lingua in latinam conversa. Antverpiae, ex officina Christophori 
 Plantini, 1567." In i6mo, pages 316; the figures are on wood, ,',' Ann ? Ies 4 e 
 
 » j i _ x o o > \ Impnmerie 
 
 or rather " clichees en metal," stereotyped. The translator into PJantinienne," 
 
 I °o5, pp. 32, 
 
 Latin was " Jean le Gouverneur, de Gedinnes." This Latin 75. 76, 2.56. 
 edition was repeated in 1583. 
 
 " The HEROICALL DEUISES of M. Claudius Paradin Canon Plate lvi. 
 of Beauieu. Whereunto are added the Lord Gabriel Symeons 
 and others. Translated out of Latin into English by P. S. 
 London. Imprinted by Will. Kearney dwelling in Adlin streete, 
 1 591." 24m o. With devices neatly cut in wood. 
 
 We give a fac-simile of the title-page from a very rare copy Plate lvi. 
 lent for the purpose by the Rev. Thomas Corser. It is this 
 English translation which Francis Douce supposes Shakespeare vol. h. p . 127. 
 to have used when composing the triumph scene in Pericles. 
 The dedication is curious : " To the renowmed Capteine Chr. 
 Carleill Esq., chief Commander of her Maiesties forces in the 
 prouince of Vlster, Ireland, and Seneschall there of the counties 
 of Clandeboy, the Rowte, the Glens, the Duffre, and Kylultaugh." 
 
 Page. Description of Device. Page. Description of Device. 
 
 1 Ivy and obelisk, H. Jim. 86 A shroud on a spear fol. 31 
 
 E. 14 fol. 43 88 Ears of corn, handsful, and 
 
 12 The tun pierced with holes 89 sheaf 126 
 
 21 The beetle on a rose 129 986 The down trodden dock, 
 
 23 Ears of corn breaking on a Giovio, p. 32 167 
 
 sheaf 144 102 A sword hanging by a thread 82 
 
 24 Snake and strawberry plant 41 in Scsevola's hand over the fire 73 
 516 Ostrich with outspread wings 28 113 Valerius and the crow 63 
 66 Sword and trowel, Reus. St. 115 The garlands of Marcus Sergius 132 
 
 i. 4 69 116 Rampant lion and sword, 
 
 68 The sifting of corn 88 Giovio, p. 77 ji 
 
 * Dibdin however has the following note: "In the collection of the marquis of Bib!. Decam. 
 Blandford the earliest edition of the devices of these authors is of the date of 1551, at ^ pp ' l64 ~ 
 Lyons, i8mo, in the French language." 
 
2 4 8 
 
 Essays Literary and Bibliographical. 
 
 Page. 
 
 Description of Device. 
 
 
 Page. 
 
 Description of Device. 
 
 
 117 
 
 Arrows in the shield of M. 
 
 
 177 
 
 The phoenix from the flames, 
 
 
 
 Sceeva fol. 7 6 
 
 
 Horap. p. 52, Giovio, p. 14, 
 
 
 121 
 
 Crab and butterfly, Gfiovio, 
 
 
 
 Freit. p. 249, Reus. p. 98 fol. 53 
 
 
 p. 11 
 
 153 
 
 183a 
 
 The. burning torch downwards, 
 
 
 1386 An arrow shot at marble 
 
 96 
 
 
 Giovio, p. 35, Corr. E. 65 
 
 169 
 
 139a 
 
 Gold on the touchstone 
 
 IOI 
 
 b 
 
 Wrongs cut 011 marble, Gio- 
 
 
 H3 
 
 The pen of Valens 
 
 93 
 
 
 vio, p. 24 
 
 160 
 
 i665 
 
 A snake shaken over the fire 
 
 1 12 
 
 190& Giving quickly, Giovio, p. 43 
 
 172 
 
 1686 
 
 Bending the bow, Giovio, p. 
 
 
 191a 
 
 The hawk's lure 
 
 93 
 
 
 34 
 
 169 
 
 217 
 
 Hay on a pole 
 
 135 
 
 169 
 
 Ape and miser's gold, Giovio, 
 
 
 226 
 
 Cloak and mask, Giovio, p. 26 
 
 161 
 
 
 p. 40 
 
 174 
 
 227 
 
 Two horses chasing a third, 
 Giovio, p. 30 
 
 163 
 
 Plantin's edition of Paradin for 1562 supplies 32 wood-blocks 
 to illustrate Whitney. 
 
 Pkte xxiv. 30, John Sambucus : " Emblemata," &c v "Emblems, with 
 some coins of ancient work, by John Sambucus of Tornau in 
 Hungary. Antwerp, from the office of Christopher Plantin, 
 M.d.lxiv." Octavo, pages 240, emblems 166, and coins 23. 
 The title is set in a framework representing the nine Muses, and 
 the well-known compasses are wrought into the composition. 
 
 Liverpool Lit. There are fine borders to the engravings. Mr. J. Brooks Yates 
 
 and Phil. Society, , *" ; . 
 
 1849, No.v. p.28. marked in his copy that the woodcuts were by (jerard de J ode. 
 
 The monograms on some of the embellishments are an I in- 
 
 Annales de 1'Imp. serted into a C, an A and a G ; the first, it is said, denotes the 
 work of Jean Croissant, the next that of Assuerus Van Londer- 
 zeeh, and the third that of Hubert Goltzius. Sambucus dedi- 
 cated his emblems to "Maximilian II. Emperor-Augustus, king 
 of Bohemia, Dalmatia and Croatia, Archduke of Austria, Count 
 of the Tyrol," &c. The symbolical device represents the em- 
 peror enthroned upon the temple of Janus, of which the gates 
 are closed ; at his feet is the wolf suckling Remus and Romulus; 
 he is extending an olive branch to an eagle which presents him 
 three crowns — one in each claw and one in its beak ; on the 
 left hand are three persons in attendance on the emperor: and 
 the picture is followed by three pages of laudatory and descrip- 
 tive verses. This work is certainly the most elegant of all the 
 emblem-books of the age. 
 
 P?anf ^65' P p P ' From Plantin's press there issued in 1566 both a Latin and a 
 
 64,76,95,266. Flemish edition; in 1567 a French translation by Jacques 
 
Essays Literary and Bibliographical. 
 
 249 
 
 We close 
 
 Grevin ; and in 1569 and 1584 also a Latin edition 
 the list with 
 
 " Emblemata, et Aliqvot Nvmmi Antiqvi operis, loan. Sam- 
 bvci, Timaviensis Pannonii Qvarta Editio Cum emendatione 
 & auctario copioso ipsius auctoris Ex Officina Plantiniana 
 Apvd Christophor. Raphel. Academise Lugduno-Bat. Typograp. 
 clo.Io.ic." i6mo, pages 352, a portrait, emblems 206, coins 43. 
 
 
 Description of Device 
 
 
 Page. 
 
 Description of Device. 
 
 
 7 
 
 Incendiary and assassin p. 
 
 206 
 
 776 Old tree yielding fire-wood p. 
 
 J 54 
 
 9 
 
 Prince, astronomer and hus- 
 
 
 80 
 
 Anellus and his wife, erf. 1599 
 
 2 53 
 
 
 bandman 
 
 28 
 
 81 
 
 King, child and idiot, erf. 1 599 
 
 258 
 
 11 
 
 The gallant ship and the sun 
 
 46 
 
 83 
 
 Paris and the three goddesses 
 
 152 
 
 15 
 
 Actseon seized by the hounds, 
 
 
 84 (76) Hanno and his birds 
 
 60 
 
 
 Alciat. B. 52, p. 214, A- 
 
 
 89 
 
 The apodes of India flying 
 
 132 
 
 
 neau, p. 41 
 
 128 
 
 92 
 
 Mercury mending the lute 
 
 57 
 
 17 
 
 Drinking, gaming, throat cut- 
 
 
 97 
 
 The cuttle fish escaping 
 
 76 
 
 
 ting, erf. 1 566, Brant's Stult. 
 
 
 100 
 
 Dog, bull and painter 
 
 177 
 
 
 Wavis, 1497, fol. 27 
 
 212 
 
 103 
 
 Minerva watching and resting 
 
 1 37 
 
 20 
 
 The sun over hills of snow 
 
 44 
 
 124 
 
 Friendship in a fox's skin 
 
 198 
 
 22 
 
 A fox on floating ice 
 
 98 
 
 125 
 
 Crocodile, dog and bacchanal 
 
 41 
 
 25 
 
 Pliny over- curious 
 
 159 
 
 140 
 
 Ban-dog and lap-dog 
 
 183 
 
 26 
 
 Miller sleeping under his mill 
 
 107 
 
 142 
 
 The ape and the fox 
 
 19 
 
 32 
 
 Murderer and his shadow, erf. 
 
 
 150 
 
 Elephant and undermined tree 
 
 184 
 
 
 1566 
 
 241 
 
 171 
 
 Blading and practising 
 
 62 
 
 36 
 
 Popinjay, bird and bucket 
 
 IOI 
 
 173 
 
 Student and child gathering 
 
 
 4i 
 
 Thief strangled by his own 
 
 
 
 fruit 
 
 117 
 
 
 cord 
 
 209 
 
 178 
 
 Lion &c. and travelled fool 
 
 104 
 
 43 
 
 Astronomer and compass 
 
 84 
 
 1 82 J 
 
 Bull, horse and fair woman 
 
 144 
 
 46 
 
 Aged dame and skulls 
 
 65 
 
 195 
 
 Poisoned elephant and ser- 
 
 
 52a Bull, elephant, &c, erf. 1599 
 
 2I 5 
 
 
 pent, erf. 1569, Corr. E. 56, 
 
 
 58 
 
 Ape using whelp's paw, JTreit. 
 
 
 
 Freit. p. 145 
 
 228 
 
 
 129 
 
 no 
 
 199 
 
 Time cutting off man and wo- 
 
 
 59 
 
 Whirlwind and trees, ed. 1569 
 
 279 
 
 
 man 
 
 2 3 
 
 64 
 
 Hen sucking her own eggs 
 
 3° 
 
 204 
 
 Palace with two doors 
 
 197 
 
 67 
 
 Thunderbolt and the laurel 
 
 14 
 
 206 
 
 Unripe grapes trodden down 
 
 104 
 
 69 
 
 Well and curtained window 
 
 69 
 
 209 
 
 Sick miser and his gold, erf. 
 
 
 7i 
 
 Casting nets into the sea 
 
 230 
 
 
 *5 6 9 
 
 229 
 
 72 
 
 Sea-water through a sluice 
 
 70 
 
 222a 
 
 The climbing ivy 
 
 140 
 
 766 Killing the snake in the wall 
 
 47 
 
 
 
 
 Actason. 
 
 Forty-eight are the emblems in Whitney to be attributed to 
 Sambucus. 
 
 4 0 . Hadrian Junius of Hoorn: " Hadriani Junii medici Emble- Plate xxvi 
 mata," &c, " The Emblems of Hadrian Junius, physician, to M. 
 Arnold Cobel. A book of his Enigmas to M. Arnold Rosen- 
 
250 Essays Literary and Bibliographical. 
 
 "Annales de 
 l'Imp. Plant.' 
 pt. i. p. 48. 
 
 "Annales," pp. 
 6o , 95, 279-- 
 
 "Annales de 
 l'Imp. Plant." 
 76, 87 and 166. 
 
 "Annales," 
 pp 166 and 64. 
 
 berg. Antwerp, from the office of Christopher Plantin, M.D.LXV." 
 Octavo, pages 151, emblems 58 in 65 1 pages. 
 
 This volume is the most elegant that had hitherto issued from 
 the presses of Plantin. Each page in the emblem part has a 
 border, in the midst of which is a pleasing vignette, and the 
 dedications are nearly all to persons eminent in politics or in 
 literature. The engravings or woodcuts appear to be of Italian 
 origin, and are of remarkable delicacy. The ornamented bor- 
 ders are the same as those used for Whitney's Emblems. 
 
 The edition of 1566 is less beautiful, and that of 1569 a repe- 
 tition. The edition of 1585 is in 32mo. 
 
 "HADRIANI IUNII Emblemata eivsdem ^Enigmatvm 
 LlBELLVS, Ctmi 11011a & Emblematum & JEnigmatum Appendice. 
 Lvgdvni Batavorvm Ex Officina Plantiniana Apud Franciscum 
 Raphelengium, cIo.Id.xcvi." In i6mo, pages 167. The em- 
 blems are 62 on as many pages, with a Latin stanza of four 
 lines to each; there are notes to the emblems pp. 69-151 ; of 
 enigmas there are 53. The emblems are from the same blocks 
 as former editions. 
 
 " Emblesmes de Adrian le Jeune, faicts Francois et sommai- 
 rent expliques, Anvers, Christophe Plantin, 1567," is the title of 
 a French translation attributed to Jacques Grevin. This edition 
 was repeated in 1568 with Grevin's name as translator, and again 
 in 1575. 
 
 " Emblemata Adriani Junii Medici. Overgheset in neder- 
 lantsche talc, deur M. A. G. T'Antwerpen, ghedruct by Chris- 
 toffel Plantyn, M.D.LXXV. Met privilegie." In i6mo, emblems 
 pp. 5-62. There is an engraving on wood at the head of each 
 emblem. The translator of Junius also translated Sambucus 
 into Flemish : both versions were undertaken by the advice of 
 the celebrated geographer Abraham Ortelius and at Plantin's 
 expense. 
 
 Page. Description of Device. 
 
 3 Crocodile and her eggs Umb. 19 
 
 4 Envy &c. imprison truth 53 
 40 Virtue, Vice and Hercules, 
 
 Corr. E. 74, Const, p. 92 44 
 
 42 Glory fleeing the slothful 52 
 
 44 The lion and dog 10 
 
 506 Youth working, age feasting 35 
 
 51a Spider and bee on one flower 33 
 
 Description of Device. 
 
 55 J Boys blowing bubbles 'Emh. 16 
 87 Pelican feeding her young, 
 
 Reus. p. 7 3 7 
 936 The virtues of a wife, Corr. 
 
 E. 96, Perr. E. 18 
 96 The rock and raging winds 
 101 The caged nightingale 
 1 1 8 Frogs, serpents and palm tree 
 
 5° 
 59 
 
 9 
 
Essays Literary and Bibliographical. 25 1 
 
 Page. Description of Device. Page. Description of Device. 
 
 172 Candle, book and hour glass Fmb.5 219 The gnats round a candle, 
 
 191J Hear, be still, flee 62 Corr.'E. 76, Farad, fol. 161, 
 
 196 Mercury armed with a pen 60 Gfiovio, p. 25 Fmb. 49 
 
 212 The insignia of iEsculapius, 220 Keed, oak and tempest 43 
 
 Samh. 89 25 2226 Cats in traps, rats at play . 4 
 
 Whitney has to be debited with 20 emblems derived from Junius. 
 5°. Gabriel Faerni : " Fabul^E C. ex antiquis auctoribus de- Brunei's Manuel 
 
 x du Libraire, 
 
 lectae et a Gabriele Faerno carminibus explicatae (a Silvio V0 J- »• p'- »• 
 
 _ _ col. I IOO. 
 
 Antoniano editae) Romce FzVz-Luchinus, 1564." Quarto. " Les 
 planches faites sur de bons dessins qu'on a attribues au Titien, 
 sont gravees a l'eauforte." 
 
 Plantin's first edition of Faerni's Fables appeared in 1563 in ^""^/'ito' 
 i6mo ; a second edition in i2mo in 1567, and a third, also in 
 i2mo, in 1585, with 100 plates on wood. The copy of the edi- 
 tion of 1585, belonging to William Stirling esq., of Keir, has the 
 following title : 
 
 " Centvm Fabvl^E ex Antiqvis Avctoribvs Delectse, et a Plate xxvn. 
 Gabriele Faerno Cremonensi Carminibtis explicate. ANTVERPLE 
 Apud Christophorum Plantinum, M.D.LXXXV." In i6mo, pages 
 173, emblems 100. Several traces of portions of the borders 
 round Whitney's plates occur, as on pp. 16, 25, 34 and 44; 
 also some of the ornaments are the same, as on pp. 27 and 118. 
 The impressions in Whitney, even when from the same blocks, 
 are on the whole clearer than those in this edition of Faerni. 
 
 Page. 
 
 Description of Device. 
 
 
 
 Page. 
 
 Description of Device. 
 
 
 
 39 
 
 The dog and his shadow, . 
 
 ed. 
 
 
 156J Pox and lion, Corr. E. 
 
 
 
 
 1585, Freit. p. 113, Be 
 
 us. 
 
 
 
 55 Emb. 
 
 iS,p 
 
 • 35 
 
 
 23, ii. p. 82 Fmb. 53, p. 90 
 
 157 
 
 The heedless astronomer, 
 
 
 
 9 1 
 
 Jupiter, the beasts and snail 
 
 57, 
 
 95 
 
 
 Corr. E. 72 
 
 73. 
 
 123 
 
 93» 
 
 Ass, ape and mole 
 
 43, 
 
 56 
 
 158 
 
 The drowning of Colasmus' 
 
 
 
 98 
 
 The fox and grapes, Freit. 
 
 
 
 
 wife 
 
 27, 
 
 49 
 
 
 p. 127 
 
 19. 
 
 36 
 
 159 
 
 The ant and the grasshop- 
 
 
 
 i53« 
 
 The stag biting the boughs 
 
 7°. 
 
 117 
 
 
 per, Freit. p. 29, Brant's 
 
 
 
 b The fox and the boar 
 
 78, 
 
 132 
 
 
 St. N. fol. 80, Rorap. p. 
 
 
 
 154 
 
 Lion, ass and fox, hunting 
 
 3> 
 
 11 
 
 
 75 
 
 7, 
 
 17 
 
 155 
 
 The thief and his mother, 
 
 
 
 160 
 
 Satyr and host, Freit. p. 1 67 58, 
 
 96 
 
 
 Front's Stult. Navis, foil. 
 
 
 
 162 
 
 Wolf, mother and babe 
 
 76, 
 
 128 
 
 
 16 and 57 
 
 71, 
 
 119 
 
 210 
 
 The lion feigning sickness, 
 
 
 
 156a 
 
 Lady and physician 
 
 68, 
 
 "3 
 
 
 Freit. p; $ Corr. E. 55 
 
 74, 124 
 
 So Whitney has borrowed from Faerni 16 emblems. 
 
1$1 Essays Literary and Bibliographical. 
 
 Now, ascertaining the results of inquiry after the devices in 
 Whitney, struck off from the same 1 wood-blocks, and therefore 
 identical with those of other emblem writers, we count up — for 
 Alciat 86 instances, Paradin 32, Sambucus 48, Junius 20, and 
 Faerni 16 ; in all, 202. 
 
 In Whitney's work there are 248 devices, and we have ac- 
 counted for the whole; 23 were original, 23 suggested, and 202 
 are identical with those of the five emblematists last named. 
 
 Titie-page of Thus in "The Choice of Emblemes" 225 have been "gathered 
 
 out of sundrie writers," and 23 is the number of the "divers 
 newly devised." 
 
 It is certainly an amount leaving little to the credit of the 
 inventive or imaginative power bestowed on the mottoes and 
 devices of a book often regarded, from its completeness, as the 
 earliest work in the English language expressly on emblems. 
 But this was of no great consequence, for the entire volume 
 would be a novelty in England, except to the few who were 
 versed in its mysteries. Whitney's fame rests on having so well 
 executed what he undertook to accomplish, — to present to his 
 nation a full and correct view of a species of literature which in 
 a few years had grown into high favour and been the instruction 
 and amusement of the monk in his cloister and of the pontiff in 
 his chair of supremacy, engaged the talent of some of the fore- 
 most men in law, medicine and theology, and entertained alike 
 Fleming, Frenchman and Spaniard,* the Hungarian on the 
 Danube, and the Dutch by Utrecht, Leyden and the Zuyder Zee. 
 
 * A translation of Alciat's Emblems into Spanish was published about the middle of 
 the sixteenth century. " Los Emblemas de Alciato traducidas en ihimas Espanolas 
 anadidas di figuras de nuovas emblemas &c, En Lyon por Girlielmo Rovillio 1549" — 
 Francisco Guzman's " Trivmphas Morales," at Medina 1587 — Horosco Couaruvias' 
 "Emblemas Morales," at Segovia 1589 — and Hernando de Soto's "Emblemas 
 Mobalezadas," at Madrid 1599, — attest that Spanish gravity was not slow to yield 
 to the new infatuation as to emblems. 
 
 Whitney. 
 
ESSAY II. 
 
 OBSOLETE WORDS IN WHITNEY, 
 WITH PARALLELS CHIEFL Y FROM CHA UCER 
 SPENSER AND SHAKESPEARE. 
 
 N collecting from the Emblems of Whitney 
 the words that are obsolete we do not con- 
 found them with words that are archaic, of 
 old forms but still in use though modernised 
 in orthography. However strange the spel- 
 
 160 and 164. 
 
 inoughe for enough, randonne for random, shalbe for shall be, 
 suruaighe for survey, varijnge for varying, wanne for won, whotte 
 for hot, and yearthe for earth, — still, if the words remain in use, 
 they will not be admitted into the following list. Again, some 
 words will be given which, though spelled in the same way with 
 others now current, were made use of by Whitney with a mean- 
 ing that has passed away.* 
 
 ACCIDENTES : events, occurrences, deeds. 
 
 Such accidentes, as haue bin done in times paste. Whit. Ded. vin. i. 2. 
 
 This present time behouldeth the accidentes of former times. ,, Ded. ix. 1. ^\. 
 
 * In the following references : — 
 Whit. Whitney ; E. page of Emblems ; /. line. 
 
 Chau. Chaucer (Moxon's edition, 1847); p<. page and column ; /.line; without any other 
 letter, the Canterbury Tales ; B. K. Complaint of Black Knight ; C. L. Court of 
 Love ; L. W. Legend of Good Women ; P. Persones Tale ; R. Romaunt of the 
 Rose ; T. C. Troilus and Creseide. 
 
 Spen. Spenser (Moxon's edition, 1856); p. page and column; ■without any other letter, 
 the book, canto, stanza and line of the Faerie Queene; C. Shepheardes Calender; 
 M. H. Mother Hubbard's Tale; V. G. Virgil's Gnat. 
 
 Shah. Shakespeare (Cambridge and London edition, as far as published 1863-1865); 
 act, scene and line. 
 
254 Essays Literary and Bibliographical. 
 
 Temp. v. i. 305. And the particular accidents gone by (also I. 250). 
 
 j 9 ^ en - IV - "'■ And nothing pleaseth but rare accidents. 
 
 AGASTE : terrified. 
 E - zo . 1 9- So, thoughe ofte times the simple bee agaste. 
 
 e. 67, 1. 8. When tempestes-rage, doe make the worlde agaste. 
 
 p. 18, i. 1. 2343 For which so sore agast was Emelie, 
 
 That she was wel neigh mad, and gan to crie. 
 p. 46, 2, ;. 9> ^ _ they gan espy 
 
 An armed Knight towards them gallop fast, 
 That seemed from some feared foe to fly, 
 Or other grisly thing, that him aghast. 
 Lear . »■ >■ Gasted by the noise I made. 
 
 AMISSE : misfortune, wrong. 
 E - "h ■• 16 - That all too late shee mourn'd for her amisse. 
 
 17226 6 ' 1 O rakel hond, to do so foule a miss. 
 
 % 6 \'z' * How that same Knight should doe so fowle amis. 
 
 Ham. iv. v. Each toy seems prologue to some great amiss, 
 
 Son. 151. Then, gentle cheater, urge not my amiss. 
 
 ' Annoy : trouble, hurt. 
 e. 219, 1. 9. His pleasures shalbe mated with annoyes. 
 
 r. p 243, i. 4404. Well more annoie is in me 
 
 Than is in thee of this mischaunce. 
 p. 32, 2, i 6, 17, 9. For griefe whereof the lad n'ould after ioy, 
 
 But pynd away in anguish and selfe-wild annoy. 
 Rich. in. v. iii. Good angels guard thee from the boar's annoy. 
 
 Bale : poison, mischief, sorrow. 
 e. 180, 1. 7. A worde once spoke, it can retourne no more, 
 
 But flies awaie, and ofte thy bale doth breede. 
 e. 219, 16. Lo this their bale, which was her blisse you heare. 
 p. 144, i. 1 16949. for ended is my tale 
 
 God send every good man bote of his bale, 
 p. 10. 1. 1. 16, 7. For light she hated as the deadly bale. 
 \S. en ' VI-V ' iv ' By sight of these our baleful enemies. 
 Cor. 1. i. ij6. The one side must have bale. 
 
 Bandogge : the mastiff. 
 e. 140, 1. 1. The bandogge, fitte to matche the bull, or beare. 
 
 p ir s86 More ' And naue bandedogges to driue them out of the come, 
 
 v. g. p. 419, 1. Then greedie Scilla, under whom there bay 
 
 54 °" Manie great bandogs, which her gird about. 
 
Essays Literary and Bibliographical. 255 
 
 The time when screech-owls cry and ban-dogs howl. 
 
 BANE, or BAYNE : injury, destruction. 
 
 Euen so it happes, wee ofte our bayne doe brue. 
 Lo Procris heare, when wounded therewith all, 
 Did breede her bane, who mighte haue bath'de in blisse. 
 But I was hurt right now thurghout min eye 
 Into min herte, that wol my bane be. 
 
 it is all his joye and appetite 
 
 To ben himself the grete hartes bane. 
 To bane thee when thou bite. 
 There caughte his bane (alas) to sonne. 
 Lest Rome herself be bane unto herself. 
 And I be pleased to give ten thousand ducats 
 To have it bain'd. 
 
 Banne, or Ban.: curse. 
 
 Whereat, the maide her pacience quite forgot, 
 And in a rage, the bruitishe beaste did banne. 
 'Gan both envy, and bitterly to ban. 
 With Hecate's ban thrice blasted. 
 Fell banning hag, enchantress, hold thy tongue ! 
 And ban thine enemies, both mine and thine ! 
 
 Shak. * Hen. VI. >. iv 
 >7- 
 
 Whit. E. 141, 1. 7- 
 
 „ E. Mi, 1. 13. 
 
 Chau. p. 9. ■ 1 '°99- 
 
 „ p. 13, 1. 1682. 
 Ttiberville. 
 
 Surrey. Louer. 
 
 Shak. Titus v. iii. 73. 
 
 ,, Mer.V. iv. i. 45. 
 
 Whit. e. 189, i. 9. 
 Spen. p. 228, 2, ir. 9,9,7 
 
 Shak. Ham. 111. ii. 
 
 1 Hen VI. v. iii. 
 n 42. 
 
 2 Hen. VI. 11. iv. 
 n 24. 
 
 BlLBOWE : a rapier made at Bilboa, or one who uses it ; the stocks. 
 
 Giue Pan, the pipe : giue bilbowe blade, to swashe. 
 I combat challenge of this latten bilbo. 
 
 methought, I lay 
 
 Worse than the mutines in the bilboes. 
 
 An honest bilbow-smith would make good blades. 
 
 our bilbows are as good, 
 
 As his, — our arms as strong. 
 
 Whit. E. 145, 1. s . 
 
 Shak. m.w.w. 1. i 
 
 » Ham. v. ii. 
 
 Ben Jonson. 
 
 Drayton. p 0 iyoibion. 
 
 Boorde, or BOURD : jest, sport. 
 
 For euel wordes, pierce sharper than a sworde, 
 
 Which ofte wee rue, thoughe they weare spoke in boorde. 
 
 My wit is gret, though that I bourde and play. ' 
 
 That that I spake, I sayd it in my bourde. 
 
 They all agreed ; so, turning all to game 
 
 And pleasaunt bord, they past forth on their way. 
 
 BROACHE : break into, tap, spread abroad. 
 
 And bluddie broiles, at home are set a broache. 
 
 D 
 
 Whit. e. 62, i. 2. 
 Chau. p. 97, '■ i- '2710- 
 
 „ «4S. '7°3°- 
 
 Spen. p.2o6,2, iv.4,13,1. 
 Whit. e. 7, 1. 2. 
 
256 Essays Literary and Bibliographical. 
 
 Rom.&j. i.i.ioz. Who set this ancient quarrel new abroach. Shak. 
 
 iHen.1v.1v.ii.14. Alack what mischiefs might be set abroach. „ 
 Right as who set a tonne a broche, 
 
 He perced the harde roche. Gower. 
 Broach a better tappe. Gascoig?ie. 
 
 Carke : trouble, anxiety. 
 
 E. 199, 1. 9. Lo, Time dothe cut vs of, amid our carke, and care, Whit. 
 
 p. iz, i, i. 1,44,4. His heavie head, devoide of careful carke. Spen. 
 
 The wight, whose absence is our cark. „ 
 In house, for wife and child, there is but cark and care. Uncertain. 
 
 Carle : a hardy, country fellow, or churl. 
 
 E. 119, 1. 5 At lengthe, this greedie carle the Lythergie possesste. Whit. 
 
 p. j, i. 1. S47- The Miller was a stout carl for the nones. Chau. 
 
 p 49, z, i. 9, 54, z. Which when the carle beheld, and saw his guest. Spen. 
 
 Cymb. v. ii. This carl, a very drudge of nature. Shah. 
 
 Carpes : blame, talk at or about. 
 E. 50,1. 3. Which carpes the pratinge crewe, who like of bablinge 
 
 beste. Whit. 
 
 e. 137, 1. 7 . Which carpes all those, that loue to much the canne. „ 
 p. 4. ii. 1. 476. In felawship wel coude she laughe and carpe 
 
 Of remedies of loue she knew perchance. 'Chau. 
 
 Lear, u iv. Do hourly carpe and quarrel. Shak. 
 
 . shame not these woods 
 
 Timon, iv. iii. 206. By putting on the cunning of a carper. „ 
 
 CATES : delicacies, food. 
 
 e. 18, 1. 9. Whose backe is fraughte with cates and daintie cheare. Whit. 
 
 e. 102, 1. 4. Where pages braue, all daintie cates, did bringe. „ 
 e. i 9 8, 1. 10. And Codrvs had small cates, his harte to gladde. (202, 12.) „ 
 
 Com. e. in. i. 28. But though my cates be^mean, take them in good part. Shak. 
 
 J 6 Hen - iv. in. i. Than feed on cates and have him talk to me. „ 
 
 1 Hen. vi. n. iii. Taste of your wine and see what cates you haue. „ 
 
 79 
 
 CONTENTATION : content, contentment. 
 
 E. 87, 1. 3. Within this life, shall contentation finde. Whit. 
 
 i. 236. To the great cotentacion of the country. Fabyan. 
 
 E, 211, 1. 15. 
 
 CORSIE : bird of prey. 
 
 This corsie sharpe so fedde vppon her gall. 
 
 Whit. 
 
Essays Literary and Bibliographical. 257 
 
 Create : created. 
 
 Not for our selues, alone wee are create. Whit. e. 64, L 1. 
 And al be it so, that God hath create all thing in right 
 
 ordre. Chau. p. p. 150, a. i.6j. 
 And the issue there create, 
 
 Ever shall be fortunate. Shak. M.N.Dr.v.i.394. 
 
 Being create for comfort. „ John, iv. i. 107. 
 
 With hearts create of duty and of zeal. „ Hen V. 11. ii. }!• 
 
 Deface : disfigurement, disgrace. 
 
 And headlonge falles at lengthe to his deface. 
 But wicked Impes, that lewdlie runne their race, 
 Shee hales them backe, at lengthe to theire deface. 
 Think how his facte, was Ilions foule deface. 
 Oh bondage vile, the worthie mans deface. 
 That heate might it not deface. 
 Broke be my sword, my arms torn and defaced. 
 
 Defame : infamy. 
 
 With slaunders vile, and speeches of defame. 
 
 This Bias vs'd : and cause for foule defame, 
 
 Sardinia moste is stained. 
 
 That to his body, when that he were ded, 
 
 Were no despit' ydon for his defame. 
 
 It is a sinne, and eke a great folie 
 
 To apeiren any man, or him defame. 
 
 In remembrance of thy defame. 
 
 Eternised : rendered eternal. 
 
 Learned men haue eternised to all posterities. 
 There his name who loue and prize 
 Stable stay shall eternize. 
 But in them nature's copy not eterne. 
 
 Whit. e. 6, 1. 10. 
 
 „ E. 19, 1. 10. 
 „ E. 79, 1. il. 
 „ E. 101, 1. 19. 
 
 Chau. h. of f. in. 1. 74. 
 
 Shak. » Hen.VI. iv. i.4*. 
 
 Whit. e. 118, 1. 8. 
 
 „ E. 130, 1. 10. 
 
 Chau. P-"J.i> l- 14467- 
 
 p 14, i- 1- J'49- 
 
 Gower. 
 
 Whit. Ded. iv. 1. 3*. 
 
 Sidney. 
 Shak. 
 
 FACTE : deed, action. 
 
 Thinke howe his facte, was Ilions foule deface. Whit. 
 Then quoth the theife, my masters mark, I will defend the 
 
 facte. • „ 
 
 In hope my facte shall mothers warne, that doe behould this 
 
 sighte. „ 
 As you were past all shame, 
 
 Those of your fact are so, — so past all truth. Shak. 
 
 Macb. in. ii. 38. 
 
 E 79, 1. ii. 
 E. 155, 1. 6. 
 E. ijj, I. 11. 
 
 W.Tale, III ii. 82. 
 
258 
 
 Essays Literary and Bibliographical, 
 
 FARDLE : a burden, a package. 
 E. 179, 1. 9. Doth venture life with fardle on his backe. Whit. 
 
 5686' * 54 ' h Then goeth fardels for to beare, 
 
 With as good chere as he did eare. Chau. 
 Ham - 111 who would fardels bear % Shak. 
 
 W.Tale, IV. iv. The fardd there % whafs j. thg fardel ? 
 
 FEARE : terrify. 
 
 e. 45, i.u. Mannes terror this, to feare them that behoulde. Whit. 
 
 e. 127, 1. 11. Who while they liu'de, did feare you with theire lookes. „ 
 
 e. 163, 1. s- No tier, nor sworde, his valiaunt harte coulde feare. „ , 
 p.ija, ii. 1.15392- Ran coward calf, and eke the veray hogges 
 
 So fered were for berking of the dogges. Chau. 
 
 148}- And thus he shall you with his wordes fere. „ 
 
 p. 3 jo, 2, vi. 8, 47, Ne ought was feared of his certaine harmes. Spen. 
 
 Ant. & ci. 11. vi. Thou eanst not fear us, Pompey, with thy sails. Shak. 
 M.forM. 11. i, 1. We must not make a scarecrow of the law, 
 
 Setting it up to fear the birds of prey. „ 
 
 t. Shrew, 1. ii. 202. Tush, tush ! fear boys with bugs. „ 
 
 Fonde : foolish. 
 
 E. 223, i- 7- Oh worldlinges fonde, that ioyne these two so ill. Whit. 
 
 r. p. 250, i. i. j-ich man f u \i fond is ywis, 
 
 537°- J ' 
 
 That weneth that he loved is. Chau. 
 p.68,2, ii. 1,30, 1. Certes, said he, well mote I shame to tell 
 
 The fond encheason that me hither led. Spen. 
 p. 288, v. 11,23,9. The better to beguile whom she so fond did finde. „ 
 
 M.forM.v.i.104. By heaven, fond wretch, thou know'st not what thou speak'st. Shak, 
 m N. Dr. in. ii. You see how simple and how fond I am. „ 
 
 317. r 
 
 3Hen.v1.11.ii.38. My careless father fondly gave away. „ 
 
 Gate : going, way. 
 
 e. 2, 1. 9. Bypathes, and wayes, appeare amidd our gate. Whit. 
 
 R.p.235,i. 1.3332. With that word, Reason went her gate. Chau. 
 
 Lear, iv. vi. Go your gait. Shak. 
 MN.Dr.v.i.404. With this field-dew consecrate, 
 
 Every fairy take her gait. „ 
 
 Hen.vni. in. ii. Springs out into fast gait; then stops again. „ 
 
 INGRATE : ungrateful. 
 
 E. 64, 1. 3. And those, that are vnto theire frendes ingrate. Whit. 
 
 p. 322,1, vi. 7,2,5. Yet in his mind malitious and ingrate. Spen. 
 
 t. shrew, 1. ii. 266. Will not so graceless be to be ingrate. Shak. 
 
Essays Literary and Bibliographical. 
 
 259 
 
 Let : hinder, prevent. 
 
 But riuers swifte, their passage still do let. 
 
 But when that nothinge coulde Opimivs sleepinge let. 
 
 Now help, O Mars, thou with thy bloody cope, 
 
 For love of Cipria, thou me naught ne let. 
 
 Leave, ah ! leave off, whatever wight thou bee, 
 
 To let a weary wretch from her dew rest. 
 
 I'll make a ghost of him that lets me. 
 
 What lets but one may enter at her window 1 
 
 Therefore thy kinsmen are no let to me. 
 
 LOBBE : a lazy, stupid person. 
 
 Let Grimme haue coales : and lobbe his whippe to lashe. 
 Farewell, thou lob of spirits ; I'll be gone. 
 and their poor jades 
 
 Whit e. 8 9( 1. 8. 
 
 ,, E. 209, 1. 9. 
 
 Spen. p-7°. 1. », 47.6. 
 
 Shak. Ham. 1. iv. 
 
 Two Gen.Ver. in. 
 » i. 113. 
 
 Rom &J.n. ii.69. 
 
 Whit. E. 145, 1- 6. 
 Shak. M.N.Dr.ii.i.16. 
 
 Lob down their heads, dropping the hides and hips. „ 
 But as the drone the honey hive doth rob : 
 
 With worthy books, so deals this idle lob. Gascoigne. 
 Bion therefore was but a very lob and foole in saying 
 
 this. P. Holland. 
 
 Hen.V. iv. ii. 46. 
 
 Manchet : fine bread, or flour. 
 
 The manchet fine, on highe estates bestowe. 
 Thyrtie quarters of manchet floure. 
 
 MlSLlKE : for dislike. 
 
 I hope it shall not bee misliked. 
 Some gallant coulours are misliked 
 She asketh him anon, what he misliketh. 
 Setting your scorns and your mislike aside. 
 
 MOE : the old positive of more. 
 
 Demosthenes, and thousandes moe beside. 
 
 A manciple, and myself, ther n'ere no mo. 
 
 To tell in short without words mo. 
 
 Sing no more ditties, sing no moe. 
 
 If I court mo women, you'll couch with mo men. 
 
 Whit e. 79, 1. 9. 
 
 Bible. Ed. 1555. 3 Kings iv. 
 
 Whit. Ded. xiv. 1. ji. 
 
 „ Ded. xvi. 22. 
 ChaU. Legacy of Dido. 
 
 Shak. jHen.vi.iv.i.24. 
 
 Whit E.9°,l-iz- 
 
 Chau. p. s, i- 1- 546. 
 
 „ m- 
 
 Shak. M.Ado, 11. iii.65. 
 ,, Othel. IV. iii. 
 
 Motley : a colour mixed or meddled, of various colours. 
 A motley coate, a cockescombe or a bell, 
 
 Hee better likes, then iewelles that excell. Whit. e. 8i, i. 5. 
 
 A motley fool. Motley's the only wear. (Scefie.) Shak. Like it, n. vii. 34. 
 
 I wear not motley in my brain. „ t. Night, i.v. si. 
 
260 Essays Literary and Bibliographical. 
 
 Mowes : mouths. 
 
 e. 169, 1.4. Of whome both mockes, and apishe mowes, he gain'd. Whit. 
 
 Iv h'y.' 3 ° 4, 2 ' Then laugheth she, and maketh him the mowe. Chan. 
 
 p. 326, 1, vi.7,49, And other whiles with bitter mockes and mowes 
 
 He would him scorne. Spen. 
 Temp. n. ii. 9. Sometime like apes, that mow and chatter at me. Shak. 
 
 M^N.Dr. in- ii. Ay, do, persever, counterfeit sad looks, 
 
 Make mows upon me when I turn my back. „ 
 
 MOYLE : defile, dirty with work and dust. 
 
 E. so, 1. 8. Then take thy rest, let younglinges worke and moyle. Whit. 
 
 E. 21 j, 1. 10. Wherein they still doe labour, worke and moile. „ 
 
 py™"' p- 495> 2 > And doest thy mynd in durty pleasures moyle. Spen. 
 
 T.shrew,iv.i.66. How she was bemoiled. Shak. 
 
 MUSKE CATTES : an animal yielding musk. 
 e. 79, 1, 1. Heare Lais, fine, doth braue it on the stage, 
 
 With muske cartes sweete, and all shee coulde desire. Whit. 
 Ail's w. v. ii. 18. Fortune's cat, — but not a musk-cat. Shak. 
 M.w.w.m.iii,i8. How now, my eyas-musket ! what news with you 1 ?] „■ 
 
 What a coyle these musk-wormes take to. Ben Jonson. 
 
 Newfanglenes : attempt at something new. 
 Ded, xvi. 1- 19. Too much corrupte with curiousnes and newfanglenes. Whit. 
 
 p. 83, ii. 1. 10924. Men loven of proper kind newefangelnesse. Chau. 
 p. 83, ii. 1. 10932. So hewefangel ben they of her mete 
 
 And louen noueltees of proper kind. „ 
 
 Nones : occasions. 
 e. 38, 1. 1. The trampinge steede, that champes the burnish'd bitte, 
 
 Is mannag'd braue, with ryders for the nones. Whit. 
 e. 103, 1. 10. And studentes must haue pastimes for the nones. „ 
 
 P . 4, i. 1. 382. A Coke they hadden with hem for the nones, 
 
 To boile the chickenes and the marie bones. Chau. 
 Ham. iv. vii. A chalice for the nonce. Shak. 
 
 1 Hen. iv, 1. H. I have cases of buckram for the nonce. „ 
 
 PASSIONS : sufferings, commotions of mind. 
 e. 14, 1. 5. Thus heynous sinne, and follie did procure 
 
 Theise famous men, such passions ,to indure. Whit. 
 Macb. in. iv. 57. You shall offend him and extend his passion. Shak. 
 3 Hen. vi. 1. iv. Beshrew me, but his passion moves me so. „ 
 
 TiLn, in. i. 53. 0 y° U g° ds > 
 
 I feel my master's passion. » 
 
Essays Literary and Bibliographical. 
 
 2,61 
 
 PlCK-THANKES : officious parasites. 
 
 With pick-thankes, blabbes, and subtill Sinons broode. 
 By smiling pick-thanks and base newsmongers. 
 Base pick-thank flattery. 
 
 Pill : rob, plunder. 
 
 His subiectes poor, to shaue, to pill, and poll. 
 And pill the man, and let the wenche go. 
 So did he all the kingdome rob and pill. 
 Which pols and pils the poore in piteous wize. 
 The commons hath he pill'd with grievous taxes. 
 Large-handed robbers your grave masters are, 
 And pill by law. 
 
 Preiudicate : forejudging. 
 
 With a preiudicate opinion to condempne. 
 
 wherein our dearest friend 
 
 Prejudicates the business, and would seem 
 -To have us make denial. 
 
 ROOME : place. 
 
 And shortlie, none shall knowe where was the roome. 
 She placeth you, in equall roome, with anie of your age. 
 The trees, and rockes, that lefte their roomes, his musicke 
 for to heare. 
 
 and hath roume and eke space 
 
 To weld an axe or swerde, staffe, or knife. 
 Hyest roumes. 
 
 Whit. e. 150, 1. 4. 
 Shak. IV "• 
 
 Daniel. Civil Wars, ii. 
 WMt. E. 1 si, I.4. 
 
 Chau. p. sj, i. 1. 6944. 
 
 ^M g H. P .4 3 o,x, 
 
 ,, p 248, 2, v. 2, 6, 8. 
 Shak. Rich. II. 11 i. 245. 
 
 ,, Timon, iv. i. 11. 
 WMt. Ded. xv. I.44. 
 
 Shak. All's W. 
 
 1. n, 7. 
 
 Whit. E. 34, 1. 16. 
 
 „ E. 107, 1. 34. 
 E. 186, 1. 12. 
 
 Chau L-W.p,4*5, 
 
 Tyndal. Luke xiv. 
 
 Scot-free : free from scot, i.e. a reckoning, or payment. 
 
 My simple trauaile herein should scape scot-free. Whit. Ded. xv. 1. 43. 
 
 He cannot scape yet scot-free, vncontrolled. Mir. of Mag. 
 
 That hot termagant Scot had paid me scot and lot too. Shak. J,^ en,IV - v ' iv ' 
 
 Shamefastnes : modesty. 
 
 And little boies, whome shamefastnes did grace, 
 The Romaines deck'd, in Scarlet like their face. 
 Of hunting and of shamefast chastitee. 
 And ye, sire clerk, let be your shamefastnesse. 
 Shamefast she was in maidens shamefastnesse. 
 Uttered at last with impudency and unshamefastness. H.Sidney. May 18, 1566. 
 In like manner also, that women adorne themselues in modest 
 apparell, with shamefastness and sobrietie. Bible. Ed. 161 1. 1 Tim. ii. 9. 
 
 Whit. e. 134, 1. 17. 
 Chau. P . 16, i. 1. 2057. 
 
 „ p. 7, ii. 1. 841. 
 „ p. 91, ii. 1. 1 1989. 
 
262 
 
 Essays Literary and Bibliographical. 
 
 SlELD : happy. 
 
 E. z6, 1. 18. And fortune sield, the wishers turne doth serue. Whit. 
 
 e. 176, 1. 11. For blessinges good, come seild before our praier. „ 
 I's?i p ' 296 ' O Go( * (quod she) so worldly seliness, 
 
 Which clerkes callen false felicite. Chau. 
 
 i '%z 7 . P ' 296, "' That he hath very joy and selinesse. „ 
 
 Arcadia, 1. A seeled doue. Sidney. 
 Macb. in. ii. 46. Come, seeling night, 
 
 Scarf up the tender eye of pitiful day. Shak. 
 
 SlLLYE : harmless, simple. 
 e. 194, 1. 7. For, as the wolfe, the sillye sheep did fear, 
 
 And made him still to tremble, at his barke. Whit. 
 
 p. 31, i. 1. 4088. These sely clerkes han ful fast gronne. Chau. 
 p. 31, i. 1. 4106. Wery and wet as bestes in the rain 
 
 Cometh sely John, and with him cometh Alein. „ 
 
 p. 46, i. 1. S9S»- But if a sely wif be. on of tho. „ 
 
 p^ 168, 2, in. 8, rp^g s -jjy yj r gi n stroue him to withstand. Spen. 
 
 w.Taie,iv.iii.27. My revenue is the silly cheat. Shak. 
 
 SlTHE : since, time. 
 
 e. 68, 1. 7. By which is ment, sith wicked men abounde. Whit. 
 
 e. 109, 1. 3. And sithe, the worlde might not their matches finde. „ 
 
 E. 204, 1. 10. No maruaile tho, sith bountie is so coulde &c. „ 
 
 p. 14, ii. 1. 1817. And therfore sith I know of loves peine. Chau. 
 
 p. 34, 1. 4478. And sithen hath he spoke of everich on. „ 
 
 p. 178, 1, m. 10, ^ n( j humbly thanked him a thousand sith. Spen. 
 
 c^jan. P . 364, 11. ^ n( j t enne thousand sithes I bless the stoure. „ 
 
 m forM. 1. m.35. Sith 'twas my fault to give the people scope. Shak. 
 i7o. W ' W ' "' "' Sith you yourself know how easy it is to be such an 
 
 offender. „ 
 
 Ham. iv. iv. Sith I have cause. „ 
 
 Stithe : anvil. 
 
 e. 192, 1. 5. For there with strengthe he strikes vppon the stithe. Whit. 
 p. 16, i. 1. 2027. Th'armerer, and the bowyer, and the smith 
 
 That forgeth sharpe swerdes on his stith. Chau. 
 
 Ham. m. ii. Vulcan's stithy. Shak. 
 
 Tr. & c. iv. v. The forge that stithied Mars his helm. „ 
 
 TEENE : grief, vexation. 
 e. 138, 1. 14. So slaunders foule, and wordes like arrowes keene, 
 
 Not vertue hurtes, but turnes her foes to teene. Whit. 
 
Essays Literary and Bibliographical. 
 
 263 
 
 That neuer was ther no word hem betweene 
 
 Of jalousie, ne of non other tene. 
 
 'Gainst that proud Paynim king that works her teene. 
 
 To think o' the teen, that I have turn'd you to. 
 
 Of sighs, of groans, of sorrow and of teen ! 
 
 Unneth : scarcely, not easily. 
 
 At lengthe, this greedie carle the Lethergie posseste : 
 That unneth hee could stere a foote, with sleepe, so sore 
 oppreste. 
 
 So faint they woxe, and feeble in the folde, 
 
 That now unnethes their feete could them uphold. 
 
 Uneath may she endure the flinty streets. 
 
 Unrest: trouble. 
 
 It shewes her selfe, doth worke her owne vnrest. 
 She shewed wel, for no worldly unrest. 
 Many vain fancies working her unrest. 
 Witnessing storms to come, woe and unrest. 
 Rest thy unrest on England's lawful earth. 
 And so repose sweet gold for their unrest. 
 The more is my unrest. 
 
 Unthriftes: wasters. 
 
 And wisedome still, againste such vnthriftes cries. 
 Unmanly Murder, and unthrifty Scath. 
 Given away to upstart unthrifts. 
 And with an unthrift love did run from Venice. 
 What man didst thou ever know unthrift that was beloved 
 after his means 1 
 
 URE : use, destiny. 
 
 The tyrant vile Mezentivs, put in ure. 
 
 Euen so it is of wittes, some quicke, to put in vre. 
 
 On his fortune, and on ure also. 
 
 My goddesse bright, my fortune and my ure, 
 
 I yeve and yeeld my herte to thee full sure. 
 
 WHOTTE : hot. 
 
 Being likewise asked why: (quoth hee) bicause it is to 
 whotte, 
 
 To which the satyre spake, and blow'st thou whotte, and 
 coulde 1 
 
 Chan. p. 23, ii, 1. 3106. 
 Spen. p. 62,2, j. 12,18,8. 
 
 SJlCtk. Temp. 1. ii 64. 
 ,, L.L.L.iv. iii. 160. 
 
 Whit, e 209, 1. 5. 
 Spen. p- s Jan - p- 364 ' '• 
 
 Shah. 1 Hen.VI. 11. iv. 8. 
 Whit. E. 94, 1. 12. 
 
 Chan. p. 66, i. 1. 8595. 
 Spen. p. 266, 2, v. 6,7,7. 
 
 Shak. Rich. II. 11 iv. 22 
 
 ,, Rich.111.1v.iv.29. 
 
 „ Tit. A. 11. iii. 8. 
 
 Roin.&J. 1. v.i 18. 
 
 Whit. e. 17, 1. 18. 
 Spen. v-*4,*,i-4,is,i- 
 
 Shak. Rich.II.n.iii,I2i. 
 „ Men V. v.i. 16. 
 
 Timon, iv. iii. 308. 
 
 Whit. E.99, i- 
 
 „ E. 173, 1. J. 
 
 Chau. i B if 2 ; p - 3s6 ' 1 
 
 C.L.p.338,i,1.634. 
 
 WMt. E. 160, 1. 8, 9. 
 
 E 
 
264 Essays Literary and Bibliographical. 
 
 E - »73j I0 - And greenest wood, though kindlinge longe, yet whottest 
 
 most it burnes. Whit. 
 p. 71,1, 58, j. Nether to melt in pleasures whott desyre. Spen. 
 p. 86, 1, u. 5,18,5. Nath'lesse now quench thy whott emboyling wrath. „ 
 Caesar, 136. When then counter waxed somewhat to whot. Goldinge. 
 
 WONNE : dwell, dwelling. 
 e. 198, 1. j. In regall roomes of Iasper, and of Iette, 
 
 • Contente of minde, not alwaies likes to wonne. Whit. 
 p-59, i- 1- 7745- Wher as ther woned a man of gret honour. Chau. 
 
 p. 5, ii. 1. 608. His wonning was ful fayre upon a heth. „ 
 
 p.94,z, ii. 7,10,3. Or where hast thou thy wonne, that so much gold 
 
 Thou canst preserve from wrong and robbery 1 Spen. 
 p. 129, 1, iii. 1,3,2. Where daungers dwelt, and perils most did wonne, 
 
 To hunt for glory and renowmed prayse. „ 
 
 WORLDE : i°. age ; 2°. orbis terrarum, compass of the earth. 
 Ded. xii. 1. 20. i° A perpetuitie of felicitie in this worlde, and in the world 
 
 to come. Whit. 
 e. 123, i- 1. This was the goulden worlde, that Poettes praised moste. „ 
 
 e. 197, 1. 27. Yea, thoughe some Monarche greate some worke should 
 
 take in hand 
 
 Of marble, or of Adamant, that manie worldes shoulde stand. „ 
 e. 222, 1. 5. So thoughe the worlde, the vertuous men dispise, 6>*c. „ 
 
 Heb. i. 8 Thi throne is in to world of world, eh rbv alcova rov 
 
 aloovov. Wickliffe. 
 Rev. xxii. c. Thei schulen regne in to worldis of worldis. „ 
 
 Matt. xii. 32. Neither in this world (al&vt) nor in the world to come. A ath. V. 
 
 Heb. i. 2. made the worlds (alS>va<;). All Engl. V. 
 
 Heb. xi. 3. The worlds (tou? amvai) were formed. „ 
 
 e, 197, 1. 29. 2 0 Yet, should one only man, with labour of the braine 
 
 Bequeathe the world a monument, that longer shoulde 
 
 remaine. Whit. 
 e. 122, 1. 10. Behoulde, of this vnperfecte masse, the goodly worlde 
 
 was wroughte. „ 
 p.2i,H. 1. 2841. That knew this worldes transmutation 
 
 As he had seen it chaungen up and doun. Chau. 
 p. 21, ii. 1. 2849. This world n' is but a thurghfare ful of wo. • „ 
 Mattiv. 8. Kingdomes of the world (tov kogiiov). Auth.V. 
 
 YERKE : jerk. 
 
 e. 6, 1. 5. They praunce, and yerke, and out of order flinge. Whit 
 
 p.3i5,2, vi.7,44,6. who, having in his hand a whip, 
 
 Her therewith yirks. Spen. 
 
Essays Literary and Bibliographical. 2.65 
 
 It is, we conceive, ever useful for the elucidation of our old 
 words thus to bring together the phrases and expressions in 
 which they agree, but which have passed out of the current lan- 
 guage. The list might be extended without difficulty, if we 
 included also words that are undergoing a change of meaning, 
 or that may be regarded as old-fashioned, though still retained 
 in use. We should however be pursuing too wide a field, if we 
 ventured farther into this subject. They who enter upon it will 
 not fail to perceive how pure was the English which Whitney 
 wrote. He abounds indeed in Latin quotations in his marginal 
 notes, and scarcely ever spares an opportunity of making classi- 
 cal allusions ; but he never offends us by the intrusion of idioms 
 or phrases foreign to our language. As his style is simple and 
 unaffected, so his words are of native birth, — the English of the 
 old time ; they are rich in expressiveness, and they have strength 
 in themselves. 
 
 Fortune Valour's Friend. 
 
ESSAY III. 
 
 BIOGRAPHICAL NOTICES OF CHRISTOPHER 
 PL ANT IN AND OF FRANCIS RAPHELENG, AND 
 OF THE EMBLEM WRITERS TO WHOM 
 WHITNEY WAS INDEBTED. 
 
 IYPOGRAPHY in the sixteenth century boasts 
 ! three celebrated names, in Venice, Paris and 
 Antwerp. Aldo Manuzio printed his first work 
 in 1490 ; Paolo Manuzio, his son, succeeded to 
 the printing office in 1515, and continued it to 
 
 1574; and Aldo Manuzio for a time gave promise of excelling 
 both his father and grandfather, but becoming negligent, he 
 died in poverty at Rome in 1 597. The earliest work printed by 
 Henry Stephens of Paris was in 1502; his celebrated second 
 son Robert, and more celebrated grandson Henry, extended 
 the renown of the office until 1598 ; and other members of the 
 family, as late as 1661, carried on the art with fame if not with 
 profit. 
 
 Plate xliv. it ma y not be that Christopher Plantin excelled those 
 who bore the names of Aldus and of Stephens, but he was no 
 unworthy coadjutor ; and to him at least emblem writers are 
 especially indebted for bringing so completely into unison the 
 arts of printing and engraving. From the time when he com- 
 menced his business at Antwerp in 1555, until his death in 1589, 
 there issued from his press nearly thirty editions of the chief 
 emblem-books of the day, all executed with care, some possess- 
 ing great beauty of execution, and one or two equal if not supe- 
 rior to any similar work of that age. But for these editions, out 
 of which chiefly Whitney made his choice, the English reader 
 must have waited some years before seeing any adequate repre- 
 sentation of the learning, wit and skill, which on the continent of 
 
Essays Literary and Bibliographical. 267 
 
 Europe had been bestowed upon emblem-books. It is therefore 
 not inappropriately that these biographical notices begin with 
 the name of the princely printer of Antwerp. 
 
 Christopher Plantyn, or Plantin, was born in 15 14, at Mount 
 Louis in Tourain, of poor and humble parents. He was very 
 young when he came to Paris. There he worked for some time 
 as a bookbinder ; but afterwards, having learned the elements of 
 printing with Robert Mace, of Caen in Normandy, he visited the 
 chief printing offices of France, and more especially those in 
 Lyons, where several emblem-books were printed. He now 
 returned to Paris with the intention of establishing himself 
 in business in that city. The religious troubles which prevailed 
 decided him to go to the Netherlands. Soon after, about 1546, 
 he married Joanna de la Riviere and fixed his abode in Ant- 
 werp, and the first book which issued from his press was " La Annaiesdei'imp. 
 
 - • • ,. - „ , ., t ,. . . „ Plant. Bruxelles, 
 
 institutione di una fanciulla nata nobumente. L institution d une '86 5 , P . 5. 
 fille de noble maison, traduite de langue Tuscane en Francois. 
 En Anvers, de l'lmprimerie de Christofle Plantin, avec privi- 
 lege. 1 55 5."* 
 
 Here for forty-four years, except when he retired to Leyden 
 in consequence of the war in the Netherlands, Plantin pursued 
 his calling with an increasing reputation. The correctness and 
 beauty of the works published by him spread abroad his fame, 
 and in a little time he acquired a considerable fortune. Of that 
 he made a very noble use ; his house, like the house of the Aldi 
 at Venice, or of the Stephens at Paris, became the asylum of the 
 learned, of whom there were always several entertained at his 
 table. Those who were in need received succour from him, and 
 he sought to attach them to himself by offering them honourable 
 maintenance. He had also constantly in his printing office, for 
 correctors, men of rare merit, such as Cornelius Kilian, Theodore 
 Pulman, Victor Goselin, Justus Lipsius and Francis Rapheleng ; 
 and to this day with pride are shown the desks and benches 
 where these learned sat to aid in giving learning to mankind. 
 
 If we trust the testimony of Malinkrot, Plantin, after the ex- De ona 
 
 . Typograph. 
 
 ample of Robert Stephens, exposed his proof-sheets at his gate, 
 
 * Plantin is named as a master-printer in the registry of Saint Luc in 1550; but he pp. i»8, ijj. 
 was probably then in the office of John Bellerus, or in partnership with him. 
 
268 Essays Literary and Bibliographical. 
 
 promising a reward to those who should discover in them any 
 errata. Because of the account rendered to him of the talent 
 and carefulness of Plantin, the king of Spain (Philip II.) named 
 him his Archi-typographus or Prototypographus, i.e. Chief Printer, 
 and charged him to bring out a new edition of the Polyglott Bible 
 of Alcala, that of Cardinal Ximenes, the Complutensian, com- 
 menced in 1502 and finished in 15 17, and of which the copies 
 began to be rare. This edition, in Hebrew, Chaldaic, Greek and 
 Latin, is justly regarded as Plantin's master-work ; it was issued, 
 the first volume in 1569 and the last in 1573, in 8 volumes folio, 
 and, except some little carelessness in the paging, is a very 
 splendid example of typographic art and labour.* The famous 
 Guillaume Lebe was induced to come from Paris to cast the 
 letters and characters intended for the impression, and Philip II. 
 sent from Spain the learned Arias Montanus to direct the im- 
 portant enterprise. While however adding greatly to Plantin's 
 reputation, this magnificent work was almost the cause of his 
 ruin, for the Spanish ministers with excessive rigour demanded 
 the repayment of the sums which, during the prosecution of the 
 work, had been lent him from the royal treasury. 
 pian^pp 6 !-??^ cata ^°g ue °f Plantin's publications, compiled by MM. A. 
 
 De Backer et Ch. Ruelens, gives the titles of nearly 1030 works 
 which had their origin from his types and presses, and as some 
 are known to be omitted, though unintentionally, future inquiries 
 may increase their number. 
 
 The French historian, De Thou, on a journey to Flanders and 
 Holland in 1576, visited the workshops of Plantin, and saw 
 twenty-seven presses in action, although, as he remarks, this 
 famous printer was embarrassed in his affairs ; but carrying out 
 his well known motto, "Lahore et Constantia," By work and 
 steadiness, he re-established his fortunes, f 
 
 Plantin died the 1st of July 1589, having bequeathed his 
 library to his grandson, Balthasar Moretus, and was buried in 
 the cathedral of Antwerp, where his gravestone is still pointed 
 out. 
 
 * For an account of the eight volumes, "Annales de 1'Imprimerie Plantinienne " 
 may be consulted, published at Brussels 1865. 
 
 + To this day (1865) his descendants are among the wealthy families of Belgium, 
 and the library and printing office are now the property of M. Edward Moretus. 
 
Essays Literary and Bibliographical. 269 
 
 Besides the printing office at Antwerp he possessed two others, 
 one at Leyden, a second at Paris. These were assigned as por- 
 tions to his three daughters, Margaret, Martine and Jane : the 
 eldest, married to Rapheleng, had the Leyden printing office ; 
 that of Paris fell to the youngest, who had married Gilles Begs ; 
 and the Antwerp business devolved on the second daughter, 
 married to John Moereturf or Moretus. Moretus carried on the 
 office in partnership with his mother-in-law. She was placed in 
 a large house, which Guicciardini, who died in Antwerp in 1589, See his Descrip- 
 
 & ' ' tionof the 
 
 regarded as one of the principal ornaments of the city, and which Netherlands, 
 after nearly three centuries is still owned by a Moretus, and still 
 possesses the very treasures of the olden time, besides a vine in 
 full bearing which Plantin himself planted. There are stored his 
 types and presses and all the appliances of his noble art, which 
 in modern days queenly hands have not disdained to work. 
 
 Conrad Zeltner says this printer had types of silver and imple- 
 ments of ivory, but the same thing had already been reported 
 of Robert Stephens, and with as little foundation. We may 
 however name with absolute certainty Plantin's typographic 
 ensign, — it may not have braved a thousand years the battle 
 and the breeze, — but it indicates, as long as man shall be 
 upon the earth, what the elements of his success are. The en- 
 sign is a hand holding an open compass and striking a circle ; 
 and around the device we read the significant words " LABORE 
 et Constant! A." A better could not have been chosen, and 
 Rapheleng and Moereturf religiously preserved it, and it still 
 stands over the old mansion in Antwerp. 
 
 See Biographie Universelle, h Paris 1823, vol. xxxv. p. 19; 
 Timperley's Dictionary of Printers and Printings pp. 408, 409 ; 
 Aikin and Enfield's Biog. Diet, vol. viii. p. 227 ; and Dibdin's 
 Bib. Decameron, vol. ii. p. 151-57. 
 
 " In the house of Christopher Plantyn by Francis Raphe- 
 lengius" were Whitney's Emblems "imprinted ;" and we take for 
 our second biographical notice, FRANCIS RAPHELENGIUS, or 
 Raulenghien, whose portrait is preserved in the university of 
 Leyden. 
 
 He was born at Lanoy near Lille, the capital of the present 
 department of the North, formerly French Flanders, February 
 
270 Essays Literary and Bibliographical. 
 
 27th 1539, and died July 20th 1597. He was from his boyhood 
 intended for one of the learned professions, and was sent to 
 school to Ghent, but his father's death compelled the interruption 
 of his studies, and commerce seemed his destination. Business 
 led him to Nuremberg, where he devoted his leisure hours to the 
 ancient languages, and such rapid progress did he make that his 
 mother no longer opposed his inclination, and literature became 
 his pursuit. He went to Paris to perfect himself in Greek and 
 Hebrew, but the civil wars, which desolated France about 1560-63, 
 caused him to leave that country, and he passed over to England. 
 Here, for some time, he taught Greek in the university of Cam- 
 bridge, but his stay could not have been long ; for on his return 
 to the Netherlands he engaged as corrector of the press for 
 Plantin, who was so charmed by his gentleness and ability as to 
 offer him in marriage his eldest daughter Margaret, a most esti- 
 mable woman ; and the marriage took place in 1565. 
 
 Rapheleng rendered great services to his father-in-law, espe- 
 cially in the printing of the famous Polyglot Bible, issued between 
 the years 1569 and 1573. Of this splendid work he corrected 
 the proofs with great care ; and besides, added to the sixth 
 Annalesdel'Imp. volume a Hebrew Grammar and an Epitome of Pagnini's The- 
 1865, pp. 1*9, ' saurus of the Hebrew language ; and in the seventh volume he 
 assisted Montanus and the brothers Guido and Nicholas Fa- 
 bricii in the Latin interpretation of the Hebrew Books, and gave 
 the various readings and annotations by which the Chaldee para- 
 phrase of the Book of Daniel was illustrated and amended. 
 
 During the civil wars of the Netherlands, or rather during part 
 of them, Plantin retired to Leyden with his family. Rapheleng 
 remained in Antwerp, charged with the direction of the printing 
 office. During the famous seige, from July 1584 to August 17th 
 Whitney's i c8q, Rapheleng- was present, and shared its dangers. He then 
 
 Emblems, p. 189. 3 , , T , . & T , . , , r „ , 
 
 betook himself to Leyden to superintend and finally to own the 
 printing office which his father-in-law had established there. He 
 now learned Arabic and rendered himself a very able scholar in 
 that language. John Dousa the elder, curator or rector of the 
 university of Leyden, charged him in 1586 with the teaching of 
 Hebrew, and in this employ he acquitted himself for some years 
 with much distinction. Grief for the premature death of his wife, 
 and a paralysis with which he was seized, rendered life almost 
 
Essays Literary and Bibliographical. 27 1 
 
 insupportable, and his career ended in 1597, with as fair a name 
 as any in the republic of letters.* 
 
 See Biographie Universale, vol. xxxvii. p. 89, Dibdin's Bib. 
 Decam. vol. ii. p. 158, and Cooper's A thence Cantabrigienses, vol. 
 ii. p. 126, where is a list of his works. 
 
 A worthy descendant from Rapheleng's only grand-child, 
 Maryhe Christoffella, is now resident in Leyden, namely, M. 
 John T. Bodel Nyenhuis, who from 1829 to 1850 was printer to 
 the university of Leyden, and who among his ancestors reckons 
 four others that held the same office. On the 27th of July 1865 
 I was enjoying his hospitality, and he then wrote out for me the 
 genealogy of himself arid his family traced back to Christopher 
 Plantin, and also gave me an autograph of which the following 
 is a copy : 
 
 This Christopher Rapheleng was the second son of Francis, 
 and appointed typographer to the university of Leyden in 1589; 
 he was living in 1645. The other sons were Francis the eldest, 
 eminent for early genius, who died in 1643, and Justus, named 
 after Justus Lipsius ; there was also a daughter Cornelia : but GeneSogy'bj 
 these do not appear to have left any descendants. M. John T. h£ is Bod ' Ny{ 
 Bodel Nyenhuis is the author of a learned work, " Dissertatio 
 Historico-Juridica, De Juribus Typographorum et Bibliopolarum 
 in Regno Belgico. 8vo, pages 447, Leyden, M.D.CCCXIX." At 
 the end of his book he quotes the famous words of Renouard 
 appended to his catalogue in 18 19 of the library of an amateur: 
 " Otez-lui ses liens, et laissez-le alter; c'est pour le commerce la 
 plus facile et la plus efficace de toutes les protections." 
 
 The portraits we are giving are from various sources : that of 
 Plantin is from Dibdin ; those of Brant, Giovio, Alciat, Junius 
 
 * One of the later books which issued from his press bears the title: "DEN LVST- 
 HOF van l&ethonta &c Gedrvct tot Leyden. §83 JFransogs ban Jftatclertgteri. 
 clo.Io.xcvi." 4to, pp. 155. The ornament on the title-page is a Dutch garden; in 
 the centre is a lady holding in each hand two coats of arms ; and below is the oft- 
 repeated motto, "Lahore et Constantia." 
 
 F 
 
272 Essays Literary a?id Bibliographical. 
 
 and Sambucus are from De Bry ; Beza's is somewhat uncertain ; 
 and Reusner's is from the edition of his own emblems. 
 
 Plate XLV. 
 
 Plate XLVI. 
 
 Of Theodore De Bry we may remark that he was a cele- 
 brated portrait or miniature painter of the sixteenth century, 
 who projected a work to contain the portraits of those illustrious 
 for learning and erudition, with their lives written by J. J. Bois- 
 sard v Of this work he lived to publish only Part I. in 1597 at 
 Frankfort ; but his heirs carried on his enterprise, and between 
 1598 and 163 1 brought out three other parts, making four in all. 
 The work is in quarto, and contains 198 portraits. A fifth part 
 was added in 1632 by William Fitzer, but it comprises only 32 
 pages, with 20 portraits chiefly of English bishops and learned 
 men. 
 
 In his Preface, De Bry affirms that the portraits~were taken 
 from the life, but this has been questioned and probably is not 
 true in the full extent. The portraits are accompanied by bio- 
 graphical notices by John James Boissard, a highly esteemed 
 antiquary, who was born at Besancon in 1528 and died at Metz 
 in 1602. These notices are absent from some other editions, 
 and render the first, which has besides the earliest proofs of the 
 portraits, far superior to those which follow. 
 
 The work of Boissard and qf De Bry and his heirs k is the pri- 
 mary source from which the portraits and biographicaljnotices 
 of the emblem writers are derived, but not the only source, as 
 the following pages will show. 
 
 Cebes, the disciple of Socrates, B.C. 390, Horapollo, about A.D. 
 410, and Hugo de Foliato, prior of St. Lawrence near Amiens, in 
 the thirteenth century, are among the earliest writers of emble- 
 matical works ; but Whitney makes no allusion to them, though 
 see P . i 39 ante, he appears to have been acquainted with the Hieroglyphica. We 
 shall therefore begin our notices with 
 
 Clement's Bibl. 
 Curieuse, vol. v, 
 pp. 18 &c. 
 
 MS. De Volu 
 cribus. 
 
 Plate II. 
 
 Smith's Greek 
 and Rom. Biog. 
 and Conr. 
 Leemans* 
 Horap. ed. 1835, 
 p. viii. 
 
 jORAPOLLO, who, according to the best authori- 
 ties, was a distinguished Greek grammarian of 
 Phenebethis in Egypt, flourishing in the reign of 
 Theodosius, A.D. 408-50, and teaching first in 
 Alexandria and then in Constantinople. The 
 age at which he flourished does not appear to have been ascer- 
 
Essays Literary and Bibliographical. 273 
 
 tamed ; and of his translator from the Egyptian tongue into 
 Greek nothing is known beyond the name, Philippus. From the 
 barbarous words introduced, and other marks of a corrupted 
 Greek, the translation is of a comparatively late age, and some 
 bring it down even to the fifteenth century. However this may 
 be, the work enjoyed very considerable popularity in Whitney's 
 time, and between the first Aldine edition in 1 505 and that Leemans' 
 
 ' Prolegomena, 
 
 at Rome in 1599 there were at least eight editions. A separate pp> **v-xxxvi. 
 French version was issued in 1543, a Latin in 1544, an Italian 
 in 1548, and a German in 1554* 
 
 Several of Whitney's emblems may be traced up to the Hiero- 
 glyphica,^ not that they were adopted unchanged or immediately, 
 but their sources were here, and they have been accommodated 
 to suit modified thoughts and circumstances. 
 
 Champollion passes a disparaging judgment on Horapollo. J^™^ 1 ^, 
 He avers : " The study of this author has given birth only to 
 vain theories, and the examination of the Egyptian inscriptions, 
 book in hand, has produced only very feeble results. Would not 
 that prove that the greater part of the symbols described and ex- 
 plained by Horapollo did not exclusively make part of what we 
 call hieroglyphic writing, and belonged primitively to some other 
 system of representing thought?" He then shows that the system 
 is anaglyphic rather than hieroglyphic, — not sacred characters or 
 sculptures, but allegorical representations, which abound on the 
 Egyptian buildings. He afterwards admits, however, that he 
 found on monuments information of many of the hieroglyphics Leemans' 
 
 . TT 11 ■ - - - r1 1-1 r Prolegomena, 
 
 01 Horapollo, — indeed of a great part of those which are figured pp. and xv. 
 in Leemans' edition. 
 
 An emblem writer is seldom very critical in judging the 
 
 * For a full account consult Dr. Conrad Leemans' Prolegomena to " Horapollinis 
 Niloi Hieroglyphica," 8vo, Amstelodami, 1835. 
 
 + The title "Hieroglyphica" was borne by other works of that age; as "Hiero- 
 glyphica, sive De Sacris ./Egyptiorum aharumque Gentium &c. A Coslio Augitstino." 
 In 60 books, pages 441, folio, Basiliae, m.d.lxvii. In a later age there was the most 
 splendid work of Romein de Hooghe, "Hieroglyphica of Merkbeflden Der oude 
 Volkeren &c," large 4to, Amsterdam, m.d.ccxxxv,; and another still more excellent 
 for its fulness, learning and beauty of the printing and illustrations, Martinus Koning's 
 "Lexicon Hieroglyphicum Sacro-Profanum," &c, large folio, 6 vols., Amster- 
 dam, 1722; also " Science Hizroglyphique" small 4to, pages 128, with many plates, 
 "a la Haye, m.d.ccxlvi." 
 
274 Essays Literary and Bibliographical. 
 
 sources of his devices, or their exact meaning ; it is sufficient for 
 his purpose if they are currently received and understood ; he 
 adopts them because they are known, and not because they are 
 authoritative or authenticated expressions of human thought. 
 
 De Bry. 
 Plate XL VII. 
 
 Biographic 
 Universelle, 
 Paris 1812, 
 vol. v. p. 498, 
 
 Plates IV. and 
 XXVIII. 
 
 See Plate V, 
 
 RANT, Sebastian, or Brandt, surnamed Titio, was 
 born at Strasburg in 1458, and died at Bale in 
 1 520. The lines on his portrait say of him, that " he 
 was equally skilled in law and in sacred poetry, 
 noble in genius, but rude in art." His early stu- 
 dies were pursued in Bale, where he enjoyed the titles of doctor 
 and professor. His ability in business soon obtained for him a 
 high reputation and the favour of many princes, especially of 
 the emperor Maximilian I., who often consulted him and be- 
 stowed on him the title of imperial counsellor. Afterwards he 
 was syndic and chancellor in his native land. He devoted his 
 leisure to classic literature and poetic composition of various 
 kinds. An edition of Virgil, ornamented with engravings, 
 was published by him, and a translation into German verse 
 of the Disticha, or Catechism concerning Morals, by Dionysius 
 Cato. Indeed it has been said of Brant that he composed 
 verses to infinity. The chief of his poems was in German 
 iambics, a satirical work, entitled The Ship of Fools, which ac- 
 quired great popularity, and was translated into Latin, French, 
 Dutch and English. Of the Latin and of the French trans- 
 lation we present the title-pages and one of the emblems, — 
 from which probably Whitney took the motto, "No man can 
 serve two masters," though he has not treated it in the same way. 
 Some idea may be gained of Brant's work from his lines 
 
 " Concerning obedience to two Masters. 
 " Two hares at one time may the swift hunter take 
 Whose single dog hunts the wild woods through ; 
 But who aims to two masters his service to make, 
 And oft strives to please each, — 'tis far harder to do. 
 
 Most foolish is he who would serve thundering Jove 
 And equally seek this bright world for his own ; 
 
 Most rare 'tis accomplished, — two masters to love 
 With heart-service to each acceptable shown." 
 
Essays Literary and Bibliographical. 27 5 
 
 Between these stanzas the device is introduced, and at the side 
 quotations chiefly from the Holy Scriptures, thus : 
 
 2To ntvbt ttoo. 
 
 " No'man can serve two masters : for either he will hate the one, and Matt. vi. 24- 
 
 7 Luke XVI. 9. 
 
 love the other ; or else he will hold to the one, and despise the other. 
 Ye cannot serve God and mammon." 
 
 " He who makes haste to each finisheth neither well. A thought for 
 many things is less intent on each single one. The heart going two 
 ways will have no successes." 
 
 In exemplification of Brant's work and of Whitney's adoption 
 of similar thoughts we may refer to the French translation, Ha P1 ^s xxvin, 
 
 „ and XXIX. 
 
 grat ntf Ht8 fOl? fttt tttOtfe, where four women are playing at dice. 
 Whitney (p. 176) names only "three carelesse dames;" but in 
 Brant we have the origin of the tale ; and there may be seen in 
 what spirit and in what way the Stultifera Navis has been fur- 
 nished with its cargo. 
 
 Brant's object plainly was to turn into ridicule and also to 
 reprove the vices, eccentricities and follies of the time ; and we Biographie 
 
 * * Universelle, 
 
 may accept this judgment passed upon his work : " It is a col- ^j"* 1 * 1 *^ 
 lection of pleasantries, sometimes whimsical, sometimes gross, 
 which might be piquant in their day, but which at present have 
 no other merit than that of having enjoyed much success three 
 hundred years ago." 
 
 For the editions of Brant consult Brunet's "Manuel du Li- 
 braire." Paris, i860. Vol. i. col. 1202-9. 
 
 IOVIO, Paolo, bishop of Nocera, in order of time ^ate xlviii. 
 next takes precedence. He was born at Como in BibT&fogr, 
 Italy April 19th 1483, and died at Florence De- co1 ' 6y *' 
 cember nth 1552, his epitaph says aged 69 years, 
 7 months and 23 days. The lines beneath his portrait say of 
 him : 
 
 " Thou art beloved of Cosmo, honoured also of Leo ; 
 
 Thou wast a learned physician, thou wast a learned historian." 
 
 He was an accomplished scholar, of considerable eloquence, and 
 of acute as well as refined intellect. His first profession was that 
 of medicine, which he practised with happy success. Afterwards 
 he applied himself to history and biography, and besides the 
 
276 Essays Literary and Bibliographical. 
 
 lives of pontiffs and princes of Italy, especially of the viscounts 
 of Milan, he collected the eulogies and the portraits of the illus- 
 trious men who had become famous, whether for arms or litera- 
 ture. He wrote also a history of his own time, embracing a 
 period of fifty years, and narrating the chief events in Italy, 
 Hungary, Asia, Africa, and other regions. At the storming and 
 
 De Bry's icones, pillage of Rome by the Spaniards under Charles de Bourbon, 
 pt. 1. pp. 238-242. r ° j r 
 
 May 6th 1527, Giovio suffered great losses of valuable silver 
 vessels, but from a Spaniard who had taken possession of them 
 he obtained the restoration of his books and manuscripts. As a 
 reward for his learning and virtues the pontiff bestowed upon 
 him the bishopric of Nocera,* and "the mighty Cosmo, prince 
 of the Florentines," invited him to his court and made him one 
 of his counsellors. On his death in 1552 he was buried in the 
 church of St. Lawrence, and before a more illustrious monument 
 was raised to his memory the somewhat boastful inscription was 
 painted on the wall : " Of Paulus Jovius the most famous writer 
 of histories, here are deposited the bones until a sepulchre be 
 erected worthy of his eminent virtues." A later inscription re- 
 corded that he was the glory of the Latin tongue and the equal 
 of Livy himself. 
 
 See pp. xviii. and As an emblematist his writings have already been mentioned. 
 
 240 ante. 
 
 Plates xxxvi Of" the work which Whitney sometimes follows the title and 
 
 and XXXVII. 
 
 an illustration are given, which serve also for the next author 
 Librae d voi v w ^ om we mention, Gabriel Symeoni. Brunet again may be con 
 pt. i. coi. 392. suited for an account of Giovio's writings. 
 
 Plate xxxvi. I!ffj^i^f5^YMEONI, Gabriel, an Italian historian, was a Flo- 
 coi bl i68i 0gr ' JilL^yiyiral rentine, born in 1509. His emblems and those of 
 
 Giovio are collected into one volume, of which the 
 running title is, Tetrastichi Morali, Moral Stanzas. 
 As a literary man, Symeoni possessed both powers 
 and accomplishments, but he was of a haughty, capricious and 
 exacting disposition. His early years were very precocious ; at 
 the age of six he was presented to Leo X. as a very extraor- 
 dinary child ; and his natural abilities were so well cultivated 
 
 Bibl. Biogr. 
 Bruxelles, 1854, 
 col. 672. 
 
 * Oettinger names another Paolo Giovio, as bishop of Nocera, who was born about 
 1530 and died in 1585. But Boissard's testimony to the contrary appears very decisive. 
 
Essays Literary and Bibliographical. 277 
 
 and improved that before reaching his twentieth year he was 
 employed by the republic of Florence on a mission in which he 
 had for colleague the celebrated Gianotti. Feted at the court of 
 Francis I. he endeavoured to gain that king's favour by flattering 
 the vanity of the royal mistress, and his first verses, addressed to 
 the duchess D'Etampes, were worth to him a pension of a thou- 
 sand crowns. On his return to Florence he filled several employ- 
 ments, but after being imprisoned by the Inquisition he withdrew 
 to Lyons in 1556, where and at Paris his Devices and Emblems 
 were published in Italian, French and Spanish. He closed his 
 career at Turin in 1570. 
 
 There was published by J. Burchard Mencke in Leipsic in 
 1727, A Dissertation on the Life and Writings of G. Symeoni, 
 4to, but I have not seen it. 
 
 As examples of Whitney's translations of Giovio and Symeoni 
 we give their text to his emblems, p. 98 and p. 168$. 
 
 " Dl VlRTV OPPRESA. 
 
 Qiial cespo verde per campagna 0 balza, 
 Che Vincanto villain col piede freme, 
 Tal ( cosi forte 6° pretioso e il seme ) 
 Virtute oppressa renunerdendo, inalzaP 
 
 Virescit 
 vulnere 
 virtus. 
 
 Tetra. Morali, 
 p. jz. 
 
 And again 
 
 Ingenium 
 
 superat 
 
 vires. 
 
 " Di Consalvo Fernando. 
 Come corrente lin dur arco sforza, 
 Et Paltro teso nel curuo osso incocca, 
 Che poi con danno altrui souenle scocca, 
 Cosi Vingegno supera la forza." 
 
 Tetra. Morali, 
 P- 34- 
 
 LCIATUS, Andreas, if not in priority of time, yet See plate xlix. 
 from superiority of genius, must be placed first in 
 the ranks of emblem writers of the sixteenth cen- 
 tury. He was born at Alzato in the duchy of Milan, Bibl. Biogr. 
 May 8th 1492, or, according to Oettlinger, May 1st, coiTi^ 6 e ' 
 the same year with our English printer Caxton, and died Janu- 
 ary 1 2th 1550. Boissard's estimate of his powers and attainments 
 was most favourable, reflecting indeed the opinions of his con- 
 temporaries : " Not only was he the most noble jurisconsult, but De Bry's Icones, 
 in all liberal learning, and especially in poetry, so experienced P ' " P ' 34 
 that he could vie with the very highest geniuses." Whether he 
 
 1 
 
278 Essays Literary and Bibliographical. 
 
 was the son of a merchant, or of more exalted birth, it is recorded 
 of him that from early years he applied himself diligently and 
 very successfully to the study of jurisprudence. In his fifteenth 
 year he composed his " Paradoxes of the Civil Law" and in his 
 twenty-second graduated as doctor of laws. It was not long be- 
 fore he became the most eminent in his profession. In 1521, 
 when lecturer on law in the university of Avignon, his auditory 
 numbered eight hundred persons ; but his honoraria or fees were 
 paid so inexactly that he returned to Milan. Here however he 
 raised up enemies, and in 1529 found refuge in France. The 
 king himself was one of his hearers, and bestowed on him a pen- 
 sion of six hundred crowns, which was increased the next year 
 to one thousand two hundred. But Alciat was avaricious, and 
 Francis Sforza, duke of Milan, used means to recall him to his 
 native Italy. Sometimes at Pavia or Bologna, and sometimes 
 at Ferrara, he pursued his profession, and his fame continued to 
 increase. He enjoyed the favour of duke Hercules d'Este ; the 
 pope, Paul III., gave him the office of prothonotary ; Charles V. 
 created him count-palatine and senator ; and wherever he might 
 lecture numerous scholars crowded around him. 
 
 His writings are very numerous and extensive, embracing a 
 great variety of subjects, from Weights and Measures up to The 
 most excellent Trinity. The Lyons edition of 1560 occupies five 
 folio volumes, and that of Bale in 1 571 the same number. 
 
 These we pass over for that particular species of literature of 
 which he may be regarded, if not the founder, as the most suc- 
 cessful cultivator, and which under the name of emblem writing, 
 from the year 1522, when at Milan he published his Book of 
 Emblems, to beyond the middle of the seventeenth century, for 
 nearly one hundred and fifty years occupied so important a po- 
 sition in the estimation both of the learned and of that wider 
 public who read " for delight and ornament." 
 
 Besides other instances in our illustrations of the text of Alciat, 
 and which are referred to their proper place in Whitney, we ap- 
 pend a short specimen of the stanzas of Alciat translated or 
 adopted at page 138 of Whitney : 
 Ale. Emb. 177. Ex bello, pax. 
 
 En galea, intrepidus quam miles gesserat, & quae 
 Ssepius hostili sparsa cruore fuit : 
 
Essays Literary and Bibliographical. 
 
 279 
 
 Parta pace apibus tenuis concepit in vsum 
 
 Alueoli, atque fauos, grataq; mella gerit. 
 Arma procul iaceant : fas sit tunc sumere bellum, 
 
 Quando aliter pacis non potes arte frui. 
 
 Of the various editions, above fifty in number, we present the Pjat« v^xvi. 
 title-pages and illustrative plates from the editions of Wechel xix. xx.^ 
 (Paris 1534), of Aldus (Venice 1546), of Roville (Lyons 1550 and 
 155 1), and of Plantin (Antwerp 1581). Nearly all have a motto, 
 a device or woodcut, and explanatory stanzas of Latin elegiac 
 verse. Roville's editions of 1550 and 1551, in Latin and Italian, 
 are the most ornate, and dedicated " To the most illustrious 
 Maximilian duke of Milan." They present the text without 
 comment or remark, but each page has a very elaborate border. 
 
 To the editions which included and followed that of Plantin in 
 1574, the very learned and abundant comments of Claude Mig- 
 nault were often appended or interwoven. Mignault was born 
 near Digon in 1536 and died March 3rd 1606. Like our king 
 Alfred, he was twelve years of age before he began learning, but 
 by great aptitude and diligence he soon surpassed his school- 
 fellows. In early manhood, successively at Rheims and in Paris 
 he explained the Greek and Roman authors, and gained a very 
 high reputation for erudition and skill ; and to these it is recorded 
 that he joined "a rare probity." His commentaries display great 
 learning, — certainly needed to trace out, as he does, the nu- 
 merous sources from which Alciat had derived his mottoes and 
 devices, and to illustrate by references to classic and other au- 
 thors the frequent allusions in Alciat's stanzas to the mythology 
 and history of past ages. Indeed the praise which Mignault be- 
 stowed upon Alciat might be equally applied to himself : " Let N ^ F< ^^ mes 
 us carefully note and fondly praise his ancient learning ; let us L&den, 1614, 
 wonder at his knowledge of law ; let us emulate his eloquence ; 
 let us, with the common consent of learned men, approve his 
 concise way of speaking ; let us venerate his most dignified yet 
 most pleasing variety ; in these we possess a treasure to be 
 matched neither with gold nor with gems ; — and by so much 
 the more admirable, if we compare the choice jewels of learning 
 that were his own with the ornaments of many others." 
 
 Alciatus, however, had serious defects ; vanity, avarice and 
 
 G " . 
 
280 Essays Literary and Bibliographical. 
 
 self-indulgence tarnished his moral reputation : but as a lawyer 
 and a man of learning his glory was continually increasing. To 
 his professional studies and pursuits he always added the cul- 
 ture of literature ; and it is said " few men ever united so many 
 branches of knowledge or carried them to higher perfection;" or, 
 as it is noted on his portrait, 
 
 "Andrew to their ancient splendor restored the laws, 
 And thence made counsellors more learnedly to speak." 
 
 To the same purport is the record on his tomb in the church 
 of the Holy Epiphany at Pavia : " Qui omnium orbem absolvit, 
 primus legum studia antiquo restituit decori," He completed the 
 whole circle of learning, and was the first who replaced, the study 
 of the laws in its ancient dignity. 
 Bib. Biogr. Materials for a much fuller biography of Alciat are mentioned 
 
 Universale, n 
 
 Bruxeiies, i8 54 , by Oettinger. We have chiefly made use of Claude Mignault's 
 Life, Boissard's, and the Biographie Universelle of Paris ; also 
 Chambers's Gen. Biog. vol. i. p. 348. 
 
 ARADIN, Claude, from whom Whitney bor- 
 rowed several of his emblems, was an ecclesi- 
 astic, a canon of Beaujeu, whose birth and death 
 are alike unascertained. His brother William, 
 however, was born in 15 10 and died in 1590. 
 Brunei. Paris, Claude published at Lyons in 1557 a Selection of Emblems, in 
 
 1863. tome iv. r 3 , A r 
 
 coi. 358. French, from Gabriel Symeon and other authors. After several 
 
 editions had appeared it was reprinted by Plantin in 1562, with 
 
 Plate vii. the title " Les Devises Heroiqves," which we have reproduced, 
 because the copy used once belonged to Whitney, and contains 
 both his autograph and his motto. Were the question gone into 
 it might, perhaps, be ascertained with the same certainty as in 
 Whitney's case which were the authors from whom Paradin's 
 selection was made. 
 
 Paradin generally explains his devices by a prose narrative or 
 remark ; but to show his style we subjoin an example in which 
 both prose and verse are combined, and which form the sub- 
 stance of Whitney's emblem, p. 88. 
 
 Paradin, fol. iz6. " DE PARUIS, GRANDIS ACERUUS ERIT. 
 
 De VEspic, a la Glenne, 6° de la Glentie, d la Gerbe. Ainsi le paurc, 
 
Essays Literary and Bibliographical, a8i 
 
 bien auise, Men conseille, 6° diligent, se pent aiser <Sn moyener des Mens. 
 Esquels neantmoins Dieu lui faisant la grace de paruenir, faut quHl 
 s'arreste &* mette son Mit, d la tres heureuse sufisance: qui est le comMe de 
 richesse. Se souuenant tousiours a ce propos d'vn beau huitain, qui s'enfuit: 
 Duquel toute fois, si il sauoye le nom de I'Auteur, ne seroit cy non plus 
 tern que par tie du los qu'il merite. 
 
 De moins que rien, Ton peut a peu venir : 
 
 Et puis ce peu, n'a si peu de puissance, 
 
 Qu'assez ne face, a assez paruenir, 
 
 Celui qui veut auoir la sufisance. 
 
 Mais si au trop (de malheur) il s'auance, 
 
 Ne receuant d'assez contentement, 
 
 En danger est ; par sa fole inconstance, 
 
 De retourner a son commencement." 
 
 ORROZET, Giles, a man of genius and learning, 
 who was born in Paris January 4th 15 10, and 
 died July 4th 1568. He carried on the business 
 of a bookseller, but seldom affixed his own name 
 to his writings. In early youth he enjoyed few, 
 if any, advantages from study ; but, besides other attainments, 
 he mastered the Latin, Italian and Spanish languages. Thirty- 
 four works are said to have been composed or translated by him, 
 of fourteen of which Brunet gives the titles and editions. As a Manuel du 
 
 & Libraire, 1861, 
 
 French poet he was equal to any of his time, and his tale of the tome w. col 199- 
 "Rossignol" possesses very considerable beauty. The Tablet of 
 Cebes and the Fables of Aisop were rendered by him into French 
 rhymes, and he compiled also a work of considerable repute on 
 the Antiquities of Paris. He amassed a large fortune by his 
 business, and his son and grandson sustained his reputation as 
 booksellers. 
 
 The Hecatomgraphie, " an interesting little volume," says Dib- Plate xxxn. 
 din, is a good specimen of his writings. By way of introduction 
 he addresses an octain, "Avx BONS ESPRITZ & AMATEURS DES 
 LETTRES." It is to the following effect : 
 
 " Whenever you shall be at your good leisure, 
 And neither care nor business longer find ; 
 Whenever you shall wish to take some pleasure, 
 And give delight, by reading, to your mind : 
 
282 Essays Literary and Bibliographical. 
 
 When good examples you shall wish to know, 
 The morals sound of true philosophy, — 
 
 And what is needful in thy life to show; — 
 Read here, within this Hecatomgraphy." 
 
 Plate l \:0^^^r^fiy^s€ UNIUS, Hadrian, who "conquered envy by- 
 
 study, uprightness and labour, and who at 
 last had praise accorded to him worthy of 
 his merit," was born at Hoorn in Holland in 
 15 1 1. He pursued his studies at Haerlem, 
 Louvain, . Paris and Bologna, and in after 
 life justified the titles bestowed upon him of 
 PeeriklmpTiber ^ e * n § an a W e physician and a learned philologist. Whether he 
 fsis f 3 i\T 1 ' ' exce ^ e d as a poet may admit of a doubt, . though, beside his 
 emblems, he wrote verses on sacred subjects and an heroic poem 
 on the marriage of Philip of Spain to Mary of England. He 
 resided in England from 1543 to 1548, and dedicated to Edward 
 VI. a Greek Lexicon, printed at Basle, to which he contributed 
 above six thousand words. Holland was now his residence for 
 awhile, but he revisited England in 1553 or 1554 and remained 
 only a short time. A few years afterwards he was appointed 
 physician to the king of Denmark. Finally he settled at Haer- 
 lem, and received the appointment of "historian of the states 
 of Holland." He presided over the college ; but the loss of 
 his library, consequent on the siege in 1573, greatly afflicted 
 him, and he died in 1575. His works were numerous and on 
 DeBrys icones, a variety of subjects, and the chief of them are enumerated by 
 Boissard. 
 
 In addition to the specimen of the stanzas of Hadrian Ju- 
 nius given before, we present another, translated by Whitney, 
 p. 96: 
 
 " Filio suo Petro Iunio. 
 En tibi quas, fili, geniturce consecro testes Ceras, 
 aucturas nomina amicitice. 
 
 Petram imitare iuuentus. 
 Sperne voluptates, iuuenis, constanter ; vt iras 
 Ventorum, assultusque maris Marpesice cautes. 
 Nate, tuo lepide ludens in nomine, dictas 
 Symbolico elogio, tu, Petram imitare Iuuentus," 
 
 pt. iv. p. 171. 
 
 Plate XXVI. 
 
 Had. Junius 
 Emb. 59. 
 
Essays Literary and Bibliographical. 283 
 
 ERRIERE, William de la, was a native of Toulouse. 
 Of his birth and education we possess no information. 
 His only literary monument appears to have been 
 "Le Theatre des bons Engins" published at Paris in 1539 by Plate xxx. 
 Denys Janot, the same printer as printed Corrozet's emblems. 
 Both works "were composed in the quaint French verse of the J-^b. Yates, 
 time, and were accompanied by very beautiful woodcuts on a 
 small scale. They were extremely popular." 
 
 The passages from Perriere are emblems I. and CI., from which Plate xxxi. 
 a good idea may be gained of the work itself. The writer dedi- 
 cates his work to the queen of Navarre, and speaks of himself 
 " as a christian man writing to a christian princess." Of books 
 like his own he declares : " It is not alone in our time that em- 
 blems are in renown, value and veneration, but from all antiquity, 
 and almost from the beginning of the world." Several ancient 
 authors are named by him (Chaeremon, Horapollo and Lucan), 
 and some modern (as Polyphilus, Celian Rogigien and Alciatus),, 
 thus : " In our time Alciatus has written out certain emblems 
 and illustrated them with Latin verses," "and we, in imitation of 
 the before-named, think we have well employed and appropri- 
 ated our good leisure in the invention and illustration of our 
 present emblems." 
 
 We may compare Whitney's, p. 205, with the following from 
 Perriere : 
 
 " Pukhrttudo Sine frUCtU. Le Theatre, &c. 
 
 Le Cypres est arbre fort delectable, Emb ' 6s ' 
 
 Droict, bel, & hault, & plaisant en verdure : 
 
 Mais quat au fruict, il est peu profntable, 
 
 Car rie ne vault pour doner nourriture. 
 
 Beaucoup de gens sont de telle nature : 
 
 Qui portet tiltre, & no de_grand sciece : 
 
 Mais s'il aduient d'en faire experience : 
 
 L'6 ne cognoist e eulx que le seul bruict. 
 
 C'est grand folie en arbre auoire fiance, 
 
 Dot To ne peult cuillir quelque bo fruict." 
 
 OCCHIUS, Achilles, is simply named by Whitney in Plate lii. 
 his Address to the Reader, and might be omitted 
 from our notices, but our title-page and frontispiece 
 are made up from his emblems ; and therefore we 
 
284 Essays Literary and Bibliographical. 
 
 repeat what has been said of him by Joseph Brooks Yates : 
 Liverpool Lit. « Five years after the death of Alciato, a most beautiful book of 
 
 and Phil. Soc, 
 
 1849, P . 26. emblems was presented to the world by another eminent Italian 
 scholar, Achille Bocchi, commonly called Philerote. He was a 
 native of Bologna, and sprung from a noble family of that city. 
 Being equally distinguished for his scholarship and knowledge 
 of public affairs, he served several Princes, and filled important 
 offices in the court of Rome. In 1 546 he instituted at Bologna 
 an Academy, called after its founder Academia Bocchiana, and 
 also (from the device of Mercury and Minerva, which it assumed) 
 Hermathena. Bocchi's work, which was published in 1555, is 
 entitled, ' Symbolicarum Questionum de universo genere quas serio 
 ludebat, libri quinque! The copper-plates, comparatively of a 
 large size, are engraved by the celebrated artist Guilio Bonasone, 
 after designs partly by himself and partly by Bocchi, aided by 
 Parmigiano and Prospero Fontana, many ideas being taken from 
 Michael Angelo and Albert Durer. On the publication of the 
 
 Plate xxiii. second edition (1574) these plates, being much worn, were most 
 of them retouched by a still more celebrated engraver, Augustino 
 Caracci, then almost a boy. Both editions are scarce and much 
 prized. The Latin verses of Bocchi are more remarkable for 
 their beauty than their terseness." 
 
 The portrait of Bocchius is from his works, in which are em- 
 blems, pp. 91 and 183, dedicated, "To the best of friends, Andrew 
 Alciat," and "To Paulo Jovio, bishop of Nocera." In Bocchius 
 himself, it is said there is more to be understood than is ex- 
 pressed, and that while others could paint the features he could 
 paint the mind, for that pure mind alone can comprehend mind. 
 
 OUSTAU, Peter, or Costalius, issued at Lyons in 
 1552, and again in 1555, his rare and curious book, 
 entitled " Pegma, cum narrationibus philosophicis? 
 The specimen given is "On the wretchedness of the 
 human lot ;" to which a few verses are added and 
 then a dissertation, with each page elaborately ornamented, set- 
 ting forth the nature of that wretchedness. Moral and religious 
 reflections are interspersed. 
 
 In 1560 the Pegma was translated from Latin into French by 
 Plate xxxv. Lanteaume de Romieu, a gentleman of Aries. An emblem, p. 
 
 Plate XXXIV. 
 
Essays Literary and Bibliographical. 285 
 
 374, " Time does all" may have furnished Whitney with his last 
 motto, " Tempus omnia terminat." One of the octains, addressed 
 to the swan, and almost literally translated, possesses much sim- 
 plicity : 
 
 " Honour nourishes the arts. 
 The swan melodious chants no lay, 
 
 Attempts no song of worth to sing, 
 Should zephyrs, breathing graciously 
 
 Over the fields, no sweetness bring : 
 And who desert from letters seeks, 
 
 Or undertakes some poet's theme, 
 If praise on learning never breathes, 
 
 Nor honours over labour beamT' 
 
 Whitney gave a very wide extension to his "Music of Orpheus" 
 p. 186, but its substance is contained in Coustau's simpler lines : 
 
 " LA FORCE d'ElOQUENCE. Le Pegme, p 
 
 De son gentil 6° fort melodieux 
 
 D'vn instrument, Orpheus feit mouuoir 
 
 Rocs 6° paliiz de leur places &* lieux. 
 
 C'est eloquence ayant force &* pouuoir 
 D^ebler les cueurs de tous part son scauoir 
 C'est Vorateur qui au fort d' eloquence 
 Premierement souz meme demourance. 
 Gens bestiaulx, & par ferocite 
 Les assembla: &> qui a bienueillance 
 Les reuoqua de leur ferocite." 
 
 ~EZA, Theodore, occupies a large lite- Plate LI. 
 
 rary and theological history of his times, and ac- 
 cording to the religious bias of his early biogra- 
 phers is spoken of with bitter aversion or with 
 high regard. There can be no doubt that at one 
 period of his life he was guilty of excesses and immoralities, but 
 that in after years he became distinguished for his indefatigable 
 zeal and labours in behalf of the Reformation, and deserved the 
 respect which he obtained when Balzec named him " the great Histoire SU r 
 
 . . & Vie &c. de 
 
 minister of Geneva. t. de Beze. 
 
 He was born at Vezelai in Burgundy June 24th 15 19, and 
 died 13th October 1605; and for above forty years occupied a 
 
286 Essays Literary and Bibliographical. 
 
 high position among the Reformed in Switzerland. Nearly the 
 whole of his works were of a religious and theological kind ; and 
 on these his renown rests, and not on the small volume of em- 
 pires xli. and blems contained in about 90 pages, though these are beautiful in 
 execution and illustrated by verses of considerable neatness and 
 piquancy. 
 
 At a very early age he was brought to Paris, and the care of 
 his education was undertaken by his uncle Nicholas de Beze ; 
 and in his tenth year he was sent to Orleans to be instructed by 
 Melchior Wolmar, an excellent Grecian, with whom he remained 
 about seven years in Orleans and in the university of Bourges. 
 Like some others, who in after life wrote emblems, his first 
 studies were those of law, but he soon began chiefly to attend to 
 classical literature. In 1539 at Paris he obtained his degree of 
 licentiate of civil law, and passed several of the succeeding years 
 amid the gaities of that capital, externally conforming to the 
 Catholic church, in which he enjoyed some valuable benefices. 
 A severe illness induced serious reflection ; he fled from France, 
 avowed his faith, and was married at Geneva in 1548. In 1549 
 he received the appointment to the Greek professorship at Lau- 
 sanne, and here, by the addition of one hundred psalms, com- 
 pleted Marot's translation into French verse, and made the 
 translation of the New Testament into Latin, which passes by 
 his name ; it was published at Paris in 1557. He was admitted 
 as a Protestant minister in 1559, and soon after became Calvin's 
 assistant in lecturing on theology; and in 1 561 he was delegate 
 from the university of Geneva to attend the conference of Poissy 
 to effect, if possible, a reconciliation between the Catholic and 
 Protestant churches of France. On Calvin's death in 1564 he 
 succeeded to his important offices, and until 1597 continued to 
 discharge them with eminent zeal and ability ; the infirmities of 
 age then came upon him, though to the very last his mind con- 
 tinued bright and clear. He died at the age of 86. 
 
 Manuel du His works are very numerous, though now almost forgotten. 
 
 pp. 841-844. ' For the titles of these Brunei may be consulted ; and for bio- 
 graphies of Beza, Oettinger's list, the Paris BiographieUniverselle, 
 or the article Beza in the Penny Cyclopedia. 
 
 Bib. Biogr. Univ. The twenty-four lines in Whitney, p. 165, appear founded on 
 
 1 54, co . 149- j-hggg f our ii nes i n Beza; 
 
Essays Literary and Bibliographical. 287 
 
 " POST AMARA DULCIA. Icones, Emb. j J. 
 
 In cauto quicunque rosas, colleger it vngue, 
 Vix vnquam illceso legerit vngue rosas. 
 Hoc sapite exemplo locupletes, plurima namque 
 Hisce latent vestris specula mixta rosis." 
 
 NEAU, Barthelemi, latinised into Anulus, whose 
 device was a signet ring, was a Latin and French 
 poet, a jurisconsult and an orator. He was born 
 at Bourges at the beginning of the sixteenth cen- 
 tury and died in 1565. In the year 1530 he was 
 professor of rhetoric in Trinity College, Lyons, and principal of 
 that institution in 1542. 
 
 Among his works are — " The Mystery of the Nativity" and 
 " The Merchant of Lyons;" the latter is a French satirical drama, 
 in which nine characters are introduced and the events of Europe 
 narrated from 1524 to 1540. Aneau, in 1549, translated into 
 French the emblems of Alciatus verse by verse, and also the 
 Utopia of sir Thomas More. His own emblem-book, " PlCTA Plate xxxur. 
 POESIS," Pictured Poetry, was collected by him and published 
 at Lyons in 1552. A French translation was set' forth at Paris 
 in the same year. The original has some Greek stanzas inter- 
 spersed with the Latin. The first of his emblems bears the in- 
 scription, "Divini Spiritvs Invocatio," An Invocation to the 
 Divine Spirit, and may be accepted as a fair specimen of the 
 author's power and method : 
 
 " Every gift that is good, — perfect in blessedness, 
 
 From the Father of Light cometh down from the sky ; 
 Let therefore the Poet who his work would set in order, 
 
 Invoke first of all divine help from on high. 
 We, verses adorning with pictures, most earnestly pray, 
 That God may shine on us, with fires of the heavenly day." 
 
 Aneau's death was very tragical. On the -2 1st of June 1565, 
 being the Fete de Dieu, a stone had been thrown from one of 
 the college windows as the Holy Sacrament was passing : it hit 
 the priest who was carrying the Host, and the irritable populace 
 broke into the college and massacred Aneau, believing him to 
 be a Protestant and the author of the outrage. 
 
 Whitney's emblem, p. 141, shows how greatly on some occa- 
 
 H 
 
288 Essays Literary and Bibliographical. 
 
 Picta Poesis, 
 p. 18. 
 
 sions he amplified the text of his author. Whitney gives thirty- 
 six lines, Anulus only four ; but those four are correctly rendered 
 in Whitney's first stanza : 
 
 " Perfidus familiaris. 
 Per medium Brasidas clypeum traiectus ab hoste; 
 
 Quoque foret Icesus ciue rogante modum. 
 Cui fidebam ( inquii ) penetrabilis vmbo fefellit, 
 Sic avi scepe fides credit a: proditor est." 
 
 PTi5]8!r3 AERNO ' Gabriello, an Italian poet, was born at 
 Cremona, and died 17th November 1 561 in the 
 prime of life. He was a man much beloved and 
 admired. His scholarship was sound and exten- 
 sive, and even the fastidious Bentley republished 
 Plate xxvn. entire his notes on Terence. Though the name of Emblems is 
 given to one of his works, it is, more properly, a book of very 
 elegant Latin fables. They were written at the request of pope 
 Pius IV., by whom the author was highly regarded. They are 
 remarkable for correct Latinity, and for the power of invention 
 which they display. Indeed the charge was made, though alto- 
 Roscoe's Leo x. gether groundless, that his fables " are written with such classic 
 
 Bohn's ed. vol. ii. ' . iti-ij- 
 
 p. '72 purity, as to have given rise to an opinion, that he had dis- 
 
 covered and fraudulently availed himself of some of the unpub- 
 lished works of Phaedrus." 
 
 Emb. 71, p. 168. We subjoin one of his fables, with which the translation by 
 Whitney, p. 157, may be compared : 
 
 " Astrologus. 
 
 Obscura astrologus graditur dum noctes in umbra 
 
 Intentus ccelo, & tacite labentibus astris, 
 
 Decidit in puteum : casuque afflictus iniquo 
 
 Implorabat opem, Divosque hominesque ciebat. 
 
 Excitus accessit pictei vicinus ad oras 
 
 Salsus homo : & Quae nam hsec tua tam praepostera, dixit, 
 
 Dissita tam longe profiteris sidera nosse. 
 
 Quid rerum caussas, naturaeque abdita quaeris, 
 
 Ipse tui ipsius propriaeque oblite salutis." 
 
Essays Literary and Bibliographical. 289 
 
 ' AMBUCUS, John, "physician, antiquary and Plate un. 
 poet," "both stirs up the sound by his wri- 
 tings, and mighty in skill restores the sick 
 by his medical art." He was born in the 
 town of Tornau in Hungary in the year 
 1 53 1. He studied with great credit to him- 
 self in several of the academies of Italy, 
 France and Germany ; and as in his special profession of medi- j^ e ; ? r £j \ c s °£ e5 ' 
 cine so in the knowledge of ancient philosophy and in the pur- pp - 76-83 
 suit of literature generally he attained high repute. He was 
 patronised by the emperors Maximilian II. and Rudolph II., 
 and under them he held the offices of counsellor of state and of 
 historian of the empire. After a life of usefulness and honour, 
 lie died at Vienna on the <l 3th of June " in the year of salvation 
 M.D.LXXXIII." at the age of 53. 
 
 The catalogue of his works, as prepared by himself and set 
 forth in Boissard's life of him, is very extensive and of great 
 variety, — from a simple exposition of the Lord's prayer to the 
 harangues of Thucydides and Xenophon artistically explained. 
 His principal or more important works were : Lives of the Roman- 
 Emperors ; A History of Hungary ; Portraits of Physicians and 
 Philosophers, sixty-seven in number, with their lives ; and transla- 
 tions into Latin of Hesiod, of the Battle of the Frogs, and of por- 
 tions of Plato. 
 
 His emblems, of "which there are at least five editions from Brunet's Manuel, 
 
 * . 1864, tome v. 
 
 Plantin's press, here chiefly demand our notice. They contain coi. 104. 
 much that is original, but are not equal to those of Alciat in 
 purity of style and in vigour of expression. With respect to 
 Whitney's translations and appropriations from Sambucus, it is 
 to be especially remarked they are very far from approaching 
 the literal meaning ; they are paraphrases, or accommodations — 
 the carrying out of thoughts and hints which the Hungarian sup- 
 plied. This may be illustrated from Whitney's emblem, p. 206, 
 of which we give the original : 
 
 " Tempore cuncta mitiora. Emb. J.Sambuci, 
 
 Prmteribns quidam vites, nondumque calore ed 56 *' P ' 4 
 
 Maturum arripiens gustat, damnatque racemum. 
 
 Quinetiam pedibus contriuit, nuttus vt inde 
 
 Austero imbueret sacco sua Libra viator. 
 
290 
 
 Essays Literary and Bibliographical. 
 
 Emb. J.Sambuci, 
 ed. 1564, p. 177. 
 
 Judicium prauum est hominum, nec tempora norunt 
 
 Expectare, minus cupiunt subiisse labores. 
 
 Ardua sunt aditu primo, quce pulchra fatemur 
 
 Tempore sed Jiunt opera, & post mitia cuncta. 
 
 Sed refugit penitus botrum formosa puella, 
 
 Casta aotvos enim, sidus nec palmiti amicum est.'* 
 
 Or, in reference to Whitney, p. 100, from 
 " Frontis nulla sidas. 
 Cvnctis Deus creauit, 
 Quozcunque terra, <5^ vndis, 
 
 Signum dedit, pater et, 
 Natura singidorum vt. 
 Latratibus canis sic 
 Suce indicem dat irce 
 Taurus monet furorem 
 Quod cornuis petendo 
 Lcedat, venena caudes 
 Serpens gerit, timendus 
 Et scorpius cauetur 
 Est nuda frons, sed index 
 
 Mortalibus negaius. 
 Vt nosse quis bonus sit, 
 Nequeas, tibi a maldque 
 Dum tempus est cauere 
 Dextra tenet tabellam 
 Rasam, notis nec vllis 
 Tnsignem, amicus vt sit 
 Quales tuus, colis quan 
 Tot sedidus per annos. 
 Scribas mini potes si, 
 JVum candide, dolo ne 
 Tecum egit, at recusas."* 
 
 Plate XXXVIII. 
 
 Biog. Univer- 
 selle, vol. xvi. 
 P- 59- 
 
 REITAG, Arnold, is a name to be recorded with 
 honour, if we have respect to the beautiful work to 
 which he contributed the descriptions and remarks 
 in Latin, " MYTHOLOGIA ETHICA," or Moral Philo- 
 sophy taught in Fables ; but the notices of him with which we 
 have met are very brief and unsatisfactory. There have been 
 several distinguished physicians of the name Freitag, and Arnold 
 seems to have been one of them. He was born at Emmerick, 
 and, if a little before 1 560, was very young when he wrote the 
 Latin expositions of the engravings by Gerard de Jode and 
 others which adorn his work. Foppens makes him professor of 
 medicine at Groningen, but the university there was not founded 
 until 1615, and the honour came to him therefore at a late period 
 of his life. Among his works are mentioned some translations 
 from Italian and Spanish treatises on Food and Drink, and The 
 Medicine for the Soul, or the Art of Dying. He also translated 
 Duplessis-Mornay's work, On the Truth of the Christian Religion. 
 
 See Chambers's General Biographical Dictionary, vol. xxvii. p. 
 
Essays Literary and Bibliographical. 291 
 
 Two plates set before the reader the nature of the illustrations Plates xxxix. 
 in the Ethical Mythology : the one is the phoenix, applied as a 
 type of Jesus Christ and as an emblem of the resurrection ; and 
 the other, in the fable of the Grasshopper and Ants, "the oppo- 
 site rewards of industry and sloth," sets forth the proverb, "The 
 sluggard refused to plough by reason of the cold, therefore will he 
 beg in harvest and it shall not be given him" (Prov. xx. 4.) 
 
 jEUSNER, Nicholas, like others of the emblem liv. 
 writers, was a man of extensive learning, a juris- 
 consult and a poet. He was born at Lemberg in 
 Silesia February 2nd 1545, a little before Whit- 
 ney, and he died at Jena April 12th 1602. He 
 was a member of one of the most distinguished families of 
 his native province. His law studies were pursued at Leipsic, 
 and in 1565, at the age of 20, he lectured, or rather gave lessons, 
 on Latin literature at Augsburg. The duke of Bavaria namecL 
 him professor of Belles Lettres at the college of Launingen, of 
 which afterwards Reusner became rector. He filled in succession 
 several literary offices at Bale, Spires and Strasburg ; and in 
 1589 his reputation called him to Jena, a university founded in 
 1550, and to which he rendered important services. In a solemn 
 assembly the emperor Rudolph II. decreed to him the poetic 
 crown, and created him count-palatine. From the electorate of 
 Saxony in 1595 he Avas deputy to that diet in Poland where the 
 German princes formed a league against the Turks. He died 
 during his second rectorate in 1602, and was buried in a tomb 
 which he had caused to be constructed for himself, and of which 
 the inscription gave little evidence of a humble, christian mind. 
 His funeral sermon was preached by Mylius. Dominik Animseus ^"j"^ l8s4, 
 and Thomas Sagittarius collected and published the facts of his 
 parentage; and John Weitz set forth his life, in a quarto, at Jena 
 in 1603. 
 
 Reusner's works are fifty-eight in number ; and we might say, 
 more or less, for the number signifies little, when so many have 
 passed away from observation. It is with his poetical works we 
 have to do, — the first of which is entitled " POLYANTHIA, sive 
 Paradisus poeticus" from which Whitney makes several quota- 
 tions. These flowers of poetry are given in seven books, printed 
 
292 Essays Literary and Bibliographical. 
 
 Plate xlii. a t Bale, in octavo, 1579. The second poetical effusion was edited 
 by his brother Jeremiah, and issued by the celebrated printer 
 John Feyerabend of Frankfort in 1581. The emblem XXX., p. 
 142, "Man is a wolf to man," may have given Whitney his motto, 
 p. 144, but supplies very few of the thoughts. Another emblem 
 writer, whose name has escaped my memory, adopts the con- 
 trary sentiment, and heads his device, Homo homini Dens, Man 
 is a God to man. A better instance is the following, which 
 Whitney, p. 48, renders with some degree of accuracy : 
 
 Emb. Reusneri, • " FlRMAMENTUM FAMILI^E VXOR. 
 
 p. 88. 
 
 Cernis, vt obliquo funem vir torquet ocno : 
 
 Quo rabidem pascit iurpis asetta famem. 
 Sedulitas quorsum prodest, &• cur a mariti: 
 
 Prodiga si coniux est sinefruge domi ? 
 Non minor est virtus, quam queer ere, parta tueri : 
 
 Hoc opus est viri : coniugis istud opus. 
 Magnum vectigal, vxorem viuere parce ; 
 
 Semper habet, semper qua sibi desse putat. 
 Seruat fida domum coniux, '&= censibus auget : 
 
 Paulatim magnas prodiga carpit opes : 
 Quodq' magis miserum est, vrit sine torre maritum : 
 
 O pereai, gaudet Icedere si qua virum." 
 
 The number of emblem writers of the sixteenth century is by 
 no means exhausted, but we are restricted by our subject to 
 those who are supposed or proved to have contributed to Whit- 
 ney's selection. Their biographies, brief though they are, suffice 
 to show them as men of culture, of learning and of genius, — 
 trusted and honoured in their respective countries, and still de- 
 serving of some record in the literature of modern times. 
 
ESSAY IV. 
 
 SHAKESPEARE'S REFERENCES 
 TO EMBLEM-BOOKS, AND TO WHITNEY'S 
 EMBLEMS IN PARTICULAR, 
 
 OVELTIES respecting Shakespeare's genius may 
 naturally expect to be looked upon with suspi- 
 cion, and fresh NOTES upon his writings are a 
 trouble to us,— we can scarcely endure them ; yet, 
 though seldom alluded to and never systemati- 
 cally carried out, his knowledge of emblem art, as applied in 
 books, is a truth not to be questioned by any who have ex- 
 amined the evidence. His peculiar aptitude for the appreciation 
 of art of every kind, even of the highest, is proved by his exqui- 
 site judgment of the supposed statue of Hermione, of the adorn- Winter's Tate, 
 ment of Imogen's chamber, of the pictures introduced into The Cy mbeiine, n. h 
 Taming of the Shrew, and of the wonderful charms of melody T - of shrew, 
 
 ° J ' . ' Induction, 
 
 and song when Lorenzo discourses to Jessica ; and no man »'■ 47-ss. 
 could have written the casket scene in The Merchant of Venice, m e ii. IT4-128, 
 nor the triumph scene as it is named in Pericles, who had not £ 1- . n .. 
 read and studied the emblem literature of the sixteenth century. 
 
 To accomplish this two sources were open to him, for both of Drake's shake- 
 which, in the opinion of Douce, Drake and Capel Lofft, he pos- Times, vol. i. 
 sessed competent scholarship : the one was, to read for himself 54 'note, 57, s»- 
 the emblem-books of France, Italy and Belgium ; the other, to 
 make use of our English Whitney, a work representative of the 
 chief emblematists of those countries, and published at the very 
 time when Shakespeare commenced his wonderful dramatic 
 career. There were also open to him a translation into English 
 by Daniell of the Worthy Tract of Paulus lovius, printed in 
 1585, and by P. S. of Paradin's Hcroicall Devises, printed in 
 1591. 
 
294 Essays Literary and Bibliographical. 
 
 Act »■ 7, 9. It is also in the full spirit of emblematic art that the whole 
 
 Act m. a. scenes are conceived and set forth in the Merchant of Venice, 
 where are introduced the three caskets of gold, of silver, and of 
 lead, by the choice of which the fate of Portia is to be deter- 
 . mined : 
 
 " The first of gold, who this inscription bears, 
 
 'Who chooseth me shall gain what many men desire;' 
 
 The second silver, which this promise carries, 
 
 'Who chooseth me shall get as much as he deserves ;' 
 
 This third, dull lead, with warning all as blunt, 
 
 ' Who chooseth me must give and hazard all he hath.' " 
 
 And when the caskets are opened, the drawings and the in- 
 scription on the written scrolls, which are then taken out, 
 examined and read, are exactly like the engravings or woodcuts 
 and the verses by which the mottoes and emblems are set forth. 
 Thus, on unlocking the golden casket, the prince of Morocco 
 exclaims : 
 
 " O hell ! what have we here 1 
 A carrion Death, within whose empty eye 
 There is a written scroll ! I'll read the writing. 
 
 All that glisters is not gold ; 
 
 Often have you heard that told : 
 
 Many a man his life hath sold 
 
 But my outside to behold : 
 
 Gilded tombs do worms infold. 
 
 Had you been as wise as bold, 
 
 Young in limbs, in judgment old, 
 
 Your answer had not been inscroll'd ; 
 
 Fare you well ; your suit is cold." 
 
 The prince of Arragon also, on opening the silver casket, 
 receives not merely a written scroll, as is represented in all 
 For Example Symeoni's DlSTlCHl M OR all or Moral Stanzas, but correspond- 
 
 Plate XXXVII. 3 3 
 
 ing to the device or woodcut, " the portrait of a blinking idiot,' 
 presenting him with the schedule or the explanatory rhymes : 
 " The fire seven times tried this ; 
 
 Seven times tried that judgment is, 
 
 That did neuer choose amiss. 
 
 Some there be that shadows kiss ; 
 
 Such have but a shadow's bliss : 
 
Essays Literary and Bibliographical. 295 
 
 There be fools alive, I wis, 
 Silver' cL o'er ; and so was this. 
 Take what wife you will to bed, 
 I will ever be your head : 
 So begone : you are sped." 
 
 Shakespeare's emblems are thus complete in all their parts ; 
 there are the mottoes, the pictures, " a carrion Death," and " a 
 blinking idiot," and the descriptive verses. 
 
 The words of Portia, when the prince of Arragon declares, 
 " I'll keep my oath, 
 Patiently to bear my wroth," 
 
 are moreover a direct reference to the emblems which occur in 
 Giles Corroset, Gabriel Symeoni, Claude Paradin and Geffrey 
 Whitney. The first adopts the motto, "La guerre doulce aux Plate xxxn. 
 inexperimentez," War is sweet only to the inexperienced, with a 
 butterfly fluttering towards a lighted scandle. The other three, 
 with the same device, make use of Italian proverbs : Symeoni, 
 of "Cosi troppo piacer conduce a morte ;" Paradin, of 
 " Cosi viuo Piacer conduce h morte ;" and Whitney, of " COSI Emb. P . 119. 
 DE DEN AMAR PORTO TORMENTO ;" — Too much, or too lively a 
 pleasure leads to death, and Thus love of happiness brings torment. 
 In close agreement with these devices are Portia's words : 
 " Thus hath the candle singed the moth. 
 
 O, these deliberate fools ! when they do choose 
 
 They have the wisdom by their wit to lose." 
 
 The opening of the third of the caskets, that of lead, is also as 
 much an emblem delineation as the other two, — surpassing them 
 indeed in the beauty of the language as well as in the excellence 
 of the device. " What find I here ? " demands Bassanio, and 
 answers : 
 
 " Fair Portia's counterfeit ! What demi-god 
 Hath come so near creation 1 Move those eyes 1 
 Or whether, riding on the balls of mine ■ 
 Seem they in motion 1 Here are sever'd lips, 
 Parted with sugar-breath : so sweet a bar 
 Should sunder such sweet friends. Here in her hairs 
 The painter plays the spider, and hath woven 
 A golden mesh to entrap the hearts of men, 
 Faster than gnats in cobwebs: but her eyes, — 
 
 I 
 
296 Essays Literary and Bibliographical, 
 
 How could he see to do them ] having made one, 
 Methinks it should have power to steal both his 
 And leave itself unfurnish'd. Yet look, how far 
 The substance of my praise doth wrong this shadow 
 In under-prizing it, so far this shadow 
 Doth limp behind the substance. Here's a scroll, 
 The continent and summary of my fortune." 
 [Reads.-] " You that choose not by the view, 
 
 Chance as fair, and choose as true ! 
 
 Since this fortune falls to you, 
 ' Be content and seek no new. 
 
 If you be well pleased with this, 
 
 And hold your fortune for your bliss, 
 
 Turn you where your lady is, 
 
 And claim her with a loving kiss.'" 
 
 In these scenes of the casket, therefore, Shakespeare himself 
 is an emblematist, and only the woodcut or the engraving is 
 needed to render those scenes as perfect examples of emblem 
 writing as any that issued from the pens, of Alciat or of Whitney. 
 The dramatist may have been sparing in his employment of this 
 tempting kind of illustration ; yet, with the instances before us, 
 we must conclude that he knew well what emblems were, and, 
 most probably, had seen and was bearing in mind the emblem 
 literature of that age. 
 
 But the probability rises to certainty when with Knight and 
 
 pfct. shake- other writers we believe that Pericles was, in the main, Shake- 
 speare. Vol. 
 
 supplemental^ speare's composition, or, as Dryden expresses the fact, 
 " 9- " Shakespeare's own muse his Pericles first bore." 
 
 Books of emblems indeed are not mentioned by their titles and 
 names, nor so quoted as we are accustomed to make quotations, 
 by direct and specific references ; but the allusions are so plain, 
 the words so exactly alike, that they cannot be misunderstood. 
 The author of Pericles was of a certainty acquainted with more 
 than one emblem writer in more than one language, and very 
 probably possessed greater familiarity with Geffrey Whitney's 
 "Choice of Emblemes" than with any other. We may reasonably 
 conclude that he had them before him, and copied from them, 
 when he prepared the second scene of the second act of Pericles. 
 
Essays Literary and Bibliographical. 297 
 
 The whole of that second scene we will give, and then com- Pericles, n. a. 
 ment upon the parts. The dialogue is between Simonides, 
 king of Pentapolis, and his daughter Thaisa, on occasion of the 
 " triumph " or festive pageantry which did honour to her birth- 
 day : 
 
 "Enter a Knight: he passes over the stage, and his Squire presents his' 
 
 shield to the Princess. 
 Sim. Who is the first that doth present himself ? 
 Thai. A knight of Sparta, my renowned father; 
 And the device he bears upon his shield 
 Is a black .^Ethiop, reaching at the sun : 
 The word, Lux tua vita mihi. 
 Sim. He loves you well that holds his life of you. 
 
 [The second Knight passes. 
 Who is the second that presents himself % 
 Thai. A prince of Macedon, my royal father ; 
 And the device he bears upon his shield 
 Is an armed knight that's conquered by a lady : 
 The motto thus in Spanish, Piu per dulqura que per fuerqa. 
 
 [The third Knight passes. 
 
 Sim. And what o' the third 1 
 
 Thai. The third of Antioch, 
 
 And his device a wreath of chivalry : 
 
 The word, Me pompce provexit apex. 
 
 [The fourth Knight passes. 
 
 Sim. What is the fourth? 
 
 Thai. A burning torch, that's turned upside down : 
 
 The word, Quod me alii, nie extinguit. 
 Sim. Which shows that beauty hath this power and will, 
 
 Which can as well inflame as it can kill. 
 
 [The fifth Knight passes. 
 Thai. The fifth, an hand environed with clouds, 
 
 Holding out gold that's by the touchstone tried : 
 
 The motto this, Sic spectanda fides. 
 
 [The sixth Knight passes. 
 Sim. And what's the sixth and last, which the knight himself 
 
 With such a graceful courtesy delivered ? 
 Thai. He seems a stranger: but his present is 
 
 A wither'd branch, that's only green at top : 
 
 The motto, In hac spe vivo. 
 
298 Essays Literary and Bibliographical. 
 
 Sim. A pretty moral : 
 
 From the dejected state wherein he is, 
 He hopes by you his fortune yet may nourish." 
 
 It needs but a simple act of comparison between this dia- 
 logue in Pericles and the pages of an emblem writer to establish 
 the indebtedness of the dramatist to those who, in setting forth 
 their fables or other allegories, were aided by the skill of the 
 designer and the art of the engraver. Take either page 138 of 
 Whitney or page 3 5 of Gabriel Symeoni : the torch engraven and 
 the motto displayed are identical — except in a single word, qui 
 for quod — with those of the fourth knight in the triumph scene 
 of Pericles ; and the writer of that scene must have known them. 
 The copying is so evident, that it does not even require an ac- 
 knowledgment. Let us however pursue the subject in due order, 
 and we shall see the fact brought out even more clearly. 
 
 After considerable research, through above twenty different 
 books of emblems preceding the time of Pericles, I have met 
 with none containing the devices of the first and of the sixth 
 knight ; and we may assign these to Shakespeare's own inven- 
 tion. The motto of the old family of the Blounts, Lux tua vita 
 mea, Thy light my life, is very close to that of the first knight ; 
 but their crest is an armed foot on the sun, not a black ^Ethiop 
 reaching towards him. Emblems of Hope are found in great 
 abundance ;* but the source of the device and motto of the 
 sixth knight also remains undiscovered. We may conjecture 
 Moxon'sSpenser, that Shakespeare, having read Spenser's " Shepheard s Calender" 
 published in 1579, did — from the line, January (1. 54), 
 
 "Ah, God! that love should breed both ioy and paine;" 
 
 and from the Italian emblem, as Spenser names it, "Anckora 
 spetne" Hope is my anchor, — did compose for himself the sixth 
 knight's device, "In hac spe vivo" In this hope I live. The step 
 from applying the emblems of other writers to the construction 
 of new ones would be but small, and the dramatist would find 
 
 * In a little later age (1636) there issued "from the Plantinian office of Balthasar 
 Moretus at Antwerp" a volume containing no less than thirty emblems of Hope alone: 
 the title is, " Gvilielmti Hesi Antverpiensis, e Societate Iesv EMBLEM ATA 
 SACRA De Fide, Spe, Charitate." 24mo, pages 404. 
 
 Plate LVII, 
 Paradin. 
 
Essays Literary and Bibliographical. 299 
 
 it no trouble to contrive for himself what was needed for the 
 completion of his "triumph." 
 
 The case is different with respect to the other four emblems ; 
 for -these we can trace to their sources. The second motto 
 Shakespeare gives in Spanish, More by gentleness than by force. 
 The Spanish emblem-books, by Francisco Guzman in 1587, by 
 Hernando de Soto in 1599 and by Don Orozco in 1610, do not 
 contain the motto in question, and could not be adduced as 
 testimonies even if they did ; but a near approach to it exists in 
 " Los Emblemas da Alciato traducidas en rhimas Espanolas." 
 "En Lyon por Girlielmo Rovillio, 1549," 8vo ; The Emblems 
 of Alciatus translated into Spanish Rhymes, &c. On page 124, 
 corresponding with Alciat's 180th emblem, occurs the motto, Ed g i I I 58 '' Alltv 
 " Que mas puede la eloquencia que la fortaliza" Eloquence or 
 persuasion rather than force prevails, — the very idea which the 
 second knight expresses. 
 
 But, although I fail to discover Shakespeare's Spanish motto 
 in a Spanish emblem-book, I meet with an exactly literal ex- 
 pression of it in a French work of extreme rarity, Corrozet's p 'at e xxxa. 
 " HECATOMGRAPHIE," published at Paris in 1540. There, at 
 emblem 28, " Plus par doidceur que par force" More by gentle- 
 ness than by force, is the saying which introduces the old fable 
 of the sun and the wind, and of their contest with the traveller. 
 A symbolical woodcut is appended, and the stanza — 
 " Contre la froidure du vent, 
 
 L' homme se tient clos & se serre, 
 
 Mais le Soleil le plus souuent 
 
 Luy faict mettre sa robe a terre ; " 
 which may be pretty accurately translated thus : 
 " Against the wind's cold blasts 
 Man draws his cloak around ; 
 
 But while sweet sunshine lasts, 
 He leaves it on the ground." 
 
 Now as the motto of the second knight existed in French so 
 early as 1 540, and as emblem-books were translated into Spanish 
 nearly as early, it is very probable, though we have not been 
 successful in tracing it out, that the author of Pericles, — Shake- 
 speare if you will, — copied the words from some Spanish emblem- 
 book that had come within his observation, and which applied 
 
300 Essays Literary and Bibliographical. 
 
 the proverb to woman's gentleness subduing man's harsher 
 nature. Future inquiries will, perhaps, clear up this mystery 
 and name the very work in which the Spanish saying, "Piu per 
 dulcura que per fuerqa" is original. 
 
 Three or four sources are open to which we may trace the 
 mottoes and devices of the third, fourth and fifth knights. 
 Shakespeare may have handled, probably did handle, some one 
 of the various editions of Claude Paradin's and Gabriel Symeoni's 
 "Devises Heroiqves," which appeared at Lyons, at Paris and at 
 |""tespeare° f Antwer P between the years 1557 and 1590; or, as Francis Dousa 
 pute°Lvi } ' su PP oses > ma y h ave seen the English translation, published in 
 London in 1591 ; or, with greater probability, may have used the 
 emblems of his own countryman Geffrey Whitney, bearing the 
 date 1586* 
 
 The third knight, he of Antioch, has for his device " a wreath 
 of chivalry," 
 
 " The word, ille pompce provexit apex" 
 
 p°z 9 j 46 ' or *' e ' crown at the triumph carried me onward. Les Devises 
 Heroiqves contains the wreath and the motto exactly as Shake- 
 speare quotes them ; but in Paradin a long account follows of 
 the nature of the wreath and of the high value accorded to it in 
 Roman estimation. " It was the grandest recompense or the 
 greatest reward which the ancient Romans could think of, to 
 confer on Chieftains over victorious armies, or Emperors, Cap- 
 tains, or victorious knights." 
 
 * We must not however forget another English source which was open to the 
 Introductory dramatist, and which I have named in my account of Early Emblem-books and their 
 Dissertation, introduction into English Literature; it is "The worthy Tract of Paulus Iovius con- 
 tayning a Discourse of rare inventions both Militarie and Amorous called Imprese, 
 whereunto is added a Preface contaynmg the Arte of composing them with many other 
 notable devises. By Samuel Daniell late Student in Oxenforde. At London Printed 
 for Simon Waterson 1585." In octavo, unpaged, 72 leaves in all including the title. 
 This rare work, of which Mr. Stirling of Keir possesses a copy, and which is also in the 
 British Museum, is without prints or cuts of any kind, except two or three initial letters 
 of no great merit It is therefore not so likely to have attracted the notice of Shake- 
 speare as Paradin, Symeoni or Whitney. Indeed it is evident from Shakespeare's 
 graphic lines, that he was describing from some picture or device actually before him. 
 Nevertheless, as will be shown on pages 302 and 303, there is a very sound reason for 
 concluding that Daniell's translation of Jovius was also known to the great dramatist. 
 
Essays Literary and Bibliographical. 301 
 
 Shakespeare does not add a single word of explanation or of 
 amplification, which it is likely he would have done if he had 
 used an English translation ; but simply, without remark, he 
 adopts the emblem and its motto, as is natural to a person 
 who, though not unskilled in the language by which they are 
 explained, is not perfectly at home in it. 
 
 But in the case of the fourth and fifth knights it is not the 
 simple adoption of a device which we have to remark ; the ideas, 
 almost the very expressions in which those ideas are clothed, 
 are also presented to us, pointing out that the dramatic poet had 
 something more than stanzas or narratives in an unfamiliar 
 tongue. 
 
 The fourth knight's device is thus described in Pericles : * Pericles, n. ii. 
 
 " A burning torch that's turned upside down, 
 The word, Quod me alii, me extinguii ; 
 Which shows that beauty hath this power and will, 
 Which can as well inflame as it can kill." 
 
 Now the Italian stanza in the "Tetrastichi Morali" of j; e £ en - Imprese ' 
 Symeoni and Giovio is : 
 
 " Nutrisce il fuoco a lui la cera intorno, 
 
 Et la cera /' eslingue, 6 quanti sono, Qui me a - 
 
 Che dopo vn riceuuto 6> largo dono, tinffuft. 6 *, 
 Dal donator riceuondanno 6° scorno/" 
 
 To the following purport in English : 
 
 " The wax here within nourishes the flames, 
 And the wax stifles them ; how many names, 
 Who after large gifts and kindness shown 
 Gain for the giver harm and scorn alone." 
 
 Reed's edition of Shakespeare presents the following note : vol. xxi. P . u%. 
 
 "A burning torch, &>c. This device and motto may have been taken 
 from Daniel's translation of Paulus Jovius, in 1585, in which they are 
 found." 
 
 The" passage referred to is the following : 
 
 "An amorous gentleman of Milan bare in his standard a Torch nanieirs worthy 
 
 Tract of Jovius 
 in finem. 
 
 * The idea of a torch extinguishing itself is also given in the lines : i Hen. VI. 
 
 " Here dies the dusky torch of Mortimer, "• v ' '■ ,M - 
 
 Choked with ambition of the meaner sort." 
 
302 Essays Literary and Bibliographical. 
 
 figured burning, & turning downeward, whereby the melting wax falling 
 in great aboundance, quencheth the flame. With this Poesie thereunto, 
 Quod me alii me extinguit. Alluding to a Lady whose beautie did foster 
 his loue & whose disdain did endamage his life." 
 
 Certainly if Daniell's translation had, like Whitney, presented 
 a pictured emblem, there would scarcely be any way of escape 
 from the conclusion that his work was the actual source of the 
 fourth knight's device ; but Shakespeare's description possesses 
 so much apparent reality that we are upheld in supposing there 
 was a pictorial model before him, and not simply a dead-letter 
 narrative. His inventive power however was great, and Daniell's 
 work may have taught him how to use it. 
 
 One fact decisively favours the conjecture that the motto, as 
 quoted by Shakespeare, Quod me alit me extinguit, was derived 
 from Daniell. The other emblematists, as Symeoni, Paradin, 
 Paradin's translator, and Whitney, all read Qui me alit &c., but 
 Daniell gives Quod me alit. And therefore, as far as the motto 
 is concerned, Daniell may be regarded as the source to Shake- 
 speare of " the word " to his fourth knight's device. 
 Dev. HeroVq. To the same motto, Who nourishes me extinguishes me, Para- 
 
 fol. 169. " a 
 
 Plate lvii. din adds this little piece of history, amplifying Giovio : 
 
 " In the battle of the Swiss, defeated near Milan by the late King 
 Francis, M. de Saint Valier, the old man, father of Madame Diana of 
 Poictiers, Duchess of Valentinois, and Captain of a hundred Gentlemen, 
 bore a standard whereon was a painting of a lighted torch turned down- 
 wards, and full of wax which kept flowing in order to stifle it, and the 
 words, Qui me alit, me extinguit. Which device he feigned for love of 
 a lady, wishing to show just in this way that her beauty nourished his 
 thought, and also put him in danger of his life." 
 
 Douce's nius- Paradin's translation of 1 591, P. S., has been advanced as the 
 3oVand 393^ source whence Shakespeare's torch-emblem was derived ; but it 
 
 is very note-worthy that the torch in the English translation is 
 Plate lvii. not a torch "that's turned upside down," but one held unin- 
 
 verted, with the flame naturally ascending. This contrariety to 
 
 Shakespeare's description seems therefore fatal to the translator's 
 
 claim. 
 
 wwtney-s Emb. Let us next consider Whitney's stanza of six lines to the same 
 motto and the same device, premising that Plantin has used for 
 
Essays Literary and Bibliographical. 303 
 
 the Whitney in 1586 the identical woodcut which he inserted in 
 the Paradin in 1562 : 
 
 1 UEN as the wax dothe feede, and quenche the flame, 
 So loue giues life, and loue, despaire doth giue : 
 The godlie loue, doth louers croune with fame : 
 The wicked loue, in shame dothe make them Hue. 
 Then leaue to loue, or loue as reason will, 
 For louers lewde doe vainlie languishe still." 
 
 Here placing in comparison Symeoni, Giovio's translator 
 Daniell, Paradin, Paradin's English translator, and Whitney, as 
 illustrative of the fourth knight's emblem, can we fail to per- 
 ceive in Pericles a closer resemblance both of thought and ex- 
 pression to Whitney than to the others ? Whitney wrote, 
 
 " So loue giues life, and loue, despaire doth giue :" 
 and Pericles thus amplifies the line : 
 
 " Which shows that beauty hath this power and will, 
 Which can as well inflame as it can kill." 
 
 From this instance then we infer that Whitney's book was 
 known to the author of Pericles, and that he has simply carried 
 out the idea which had there been suggested to him. 
 
 But " the device " and " the word " of the fifth knight, 
 
 " an hand environed with clouds, 
 Holding out gold that's by the touchstone tried, 
 The motto this, Sic spectanda fides j " 
 
 So fidelity is to be proved, may be regarded as identical with 
 
 the device and the word presented by Whitney, and which he Emb. 139. 
 
 copies from Paradin. This emblem is in fact that which was Plate lvi. 
 
 appropriated to Francis I. and Francis II., kings of France from 
 
 1 5 1 5 to 1560, and which appears among the " Hierographia symboiap 
 
 Regvm FRANCORVM," * inscribed " Franciscus II. Valesius Rex sy^'ndV.' 
 
 Francorum XXV Christianissimus." The device then follows and 
 
 the comment : " Coronatum aureum nummum ad Lydium lapi- 
 
 dem dextra hsec explicat & sic, id est, duris in rebus fidem explo- 
 
 * See " Symbola Diuina & Humana Pontificvm, Imperatorvm, Regvm Acces- 
 sit breuis & facilis Isagoge lac. Typotii Fanckfvrti Apvd Godifridvm Schonwellervm, 
 m.d.c.lii." Three volumes folio in one. 
 
 K 
 
304 Essays Literary and Bibliographical. 
 
 randam docet ;" This right hand extends to the Lydian stone a 
 coin of gold wreathed round (with an inscription) and so, that is, 
 teaches that in times of difficulty fidelity is to be put to the 
 proof. The coin applied to the touchstone in the " HlEROGRA- 
 phia" bears the inscription, " Franciscvs II. Francorvm 
 Rex ;" but the engravings or woodcuts in Paradin and in 
 piate lvi. Whitney have the inscription, " Franciscvs Dei Gratia Fran. 
 Rex." 
 
 Whitney, in which he is followed, though briefly, in Pericles, 
 describes the emblem itself, and says : 
 Emb. p. 139. « r T^HE touche doth trye, the fine and purest goulde : 
 
 X And not the sound, or els the goodly showe. 
 So, if mennes wayes and vertues, wee behoulde, 
 The worthy men, wee by their workes, shall knowe. - 
 But gallant lookes, and outward showes beguile, 
 And ofte are clokes to cogitacions vile." 
 
 The comparison thus instituted between the authors who use 
 the motto, " Sic spectanda fides',' makes it appear, I think, that 
 there is greater correspondence between Shakespeare and Whit- 
 ney than between Shakespeare and Paradin, and therefore that 
 Shakespeare did not derive his fifth knight's device either from 
 the French emblem writer or from his English translator, but 
 from the English Whitney, which had lately been published. 
 Indeed if Pericles were written, as Knight conjectures, in Shake- 
 speare's early manhood, previous to the year 1 591, it could not 
 be the English translation of Paradin which furnished him with 
 the three mottoes and devices of the "triumph" scene.* 
 
 The fine frontispiece to Whitney's Emblems represents the 
 arms of Robert Dudley : it is a drawing, remarkably graphic, of 
 a bear grasping a ragged staff, with a collar and chain around 
 him, and standing erect on the burgonet ; a less elaborate draw- 
 ing gives the same badge on the title-page of the second part of 
 the Emblems. Most exactly, most artistically does Shakespeare 
 ascribe the same crest, in the same attitude and on the same 
 standing-place, to Richard Nevil, earl of Warwick, the king- 
 
 * Paradin in a great measure compiled his work from Symeoni, and therefore to old 
 editions of Giovio we may look for further elucidation of this subject. 
 
Essays Literary and Bibliographical. 
 
 3°5 
 
 maker of history. Here is the dialogue between him and old 
 Clifford, just after Warwick's taunting remark : 
 " War. You were best to go to bed and dream again, 
 To keep thee from the tempest of the field. 
 Clif I am resolved to bear a greater storm 
 Than any thou canst conjure up to-day, 
 And that I'll write upon thy burgonet, 
 Might I but know thee by thy household badge. 
 War. Now by my father's badge, old Nevil's crest, 
 The rampant bear, chain'd to the ragged staff, 
 This day I'll wear aloft my burgonet 
 (As on the mountain top the cedar shows 
 That keeps his leaves in spite of any storm) 
 Even to affright thee with the view thereof. 
 Clif. And from thy burgonet I'll rend thy bear, 
 And tread it under foot with all contempt, 
 Despite the bearward that protects the bear." 
 
 A closer correspondence between a picture and a description 
 of it can scarcely be imagined. Shakespeare's lines and Whit- 
 ney's frontispiece exactly coincide : 
 
 A remarkable instance of similarity is found between Whitney 
 and Shakespeare in the description which they both give of the 
 commonwealth of bees. In this case Whitney's stanzas, dedi- 
 cated "To Richard Cotton Esqitier" of Combermere are 
 original writing, not a translation, and the plea is inadmissible 
 that Shakespeare went to the same fountain head, except in a 
 single phrase ; neither he nor Whitney follow Alciat,* who con- Plate lviii. 
 fines himself to four lines. The two accounts of the economy of 
 these " creatures small " are almost equally excellent and offer 
 several points of resemblance, not to name them imitations, by 
 the more recent writer. Whitney speaks of the "Master bee" — 
 
 * Alciat's subject is "the mercifulness of a Prince," and, almost literally rendered, 
 his expressions are in reference to his device of a bee-hive : 1 
 
 " That their ruler never will wound with the stings of the wasps, 
 And that greater he will be than others by a double-sized body ; 
 He will make proof of mild empire and well ordered kingdoms 
 And that inviolable laws to good judges are entrusted. " 
 
 " like coats in heraldry, 
 Due but to one, and crowned with one crest. 
 
 Mid. N. Dream, 
 nr. ii. I. 2ij. 
 
306 . Essays Literary and Bibliographical. 
 
 Shakespeare of the king or "emperor;" both regard the head of 
 the hive, not as a queen, but a "born king" or general, and hold 
 forth the polity of the busy community as an admirable example 
 of a well-ordered kingdom or government. 
 
 >. pp. zoo, Referring carefully to Whitney's verses, bearing the ' motto in 
 mind which he uses, " Patria cuique chara," Native land to each 
 one dear, — by their side let us place what Shakespeare wrote on 
 the same subject, the commonwealth of bees, and we shall per- 
 ceive a close similarity in the thoughts, if not in the expressions. 
 
 . v. r. ii. j n Xing Henry V. the duke of Exeter and the archbishop of 
 Canterbury enter upon an argument respecting a well-governed 
 state ; and the duke remarks : 
 
 " While that the armed hand doth fight abroad, 
 The advised head defends itself at home ; 
 For government, though high and low and lower, 
 Put into parts, doth keep in one consent, 
 Congreeing in a full and natural close, 
 Like music. 
 Cant. Therefore doth heaven divide 
 
 The state of man in divers functions, 
 Setting endeavour in continual motion ; 
 To which is fixed, as an aim or butt, 
 Obedience ! for so work the honey-bees, 
 Creatures that by a rule in nature teach 
 The art of order to a peopled kingdom. 
 They have a king and officers of sorts ; 
 Where some, like magistrates, correct at home, 
 Others, like merchants, venture trade abroad, 
 Others, like soldiers, armed in their stings, 
 Make boot upon the summer's velvet buds, 
 Which pillage they with merry march bring home 
 To the tent-royal of their emperor ; 
 Who busied in his majesty surveys 
 The singing masons building roofs of gold, 
 The civil citizens kneading up the honey, 
 The poor mechanic porters crowding in 
 The heavy burdens at his narrow gate, 
 The sad-eyed justice, with his surly hum, 
 Delivering o'er to executors pale 
 The lazy yawning drone." 
 
Essays Literary and Bibliographical. 307 
 
 In a small way a strict correspondence exists between an ex- 
 pression in the quarrel scene of Brutus and Cassius and the 
 emblems by Whitney and Beza of a dog barking at the moon. 
 Whitney copied his motto and device and the first stanza from 
 Alciatus, but his method of applying the fable from Theodore 
 Beza. Alciat's lines are : 
 
 " By night, as at a mirror, the dog looks at the lunar orb : ■ Imb S i6j p"^ 
 
 And seeing himself, believes another dog to be there ; 
 And barks : but in vain is the angry voice driven by the winds, 
 For Diana in silence pursues her course onward, — still on." 
 
 But Beza's lines have the exact aim of Whitney's — to reprove 
 detractors and to"declare that cavillers at right and truth chiefly 
 succeed in showing their own perverseness. Thus Beza : 
 
 " The full orb'd moon, that views wide lands outspread, Plate lix. 
 
 Despises barking dogs, — on high her zone : 
 So who Christ's servants blame, or Christ their Head, 
 Scorn's finger point to folly all their own." 
 
 Alciat's and Beza's thoughts are both united in Whitney, with 
 additions of his own : 
 
 " T)Y shininge lighte of wannishe Cynthias raies, Emb. p.113. 
 
 _L) The dogge behouldes his shaddowe to appeare : 
 Wherefore, in vaine aloude he barkes, and baies, 
 And alwaies thoughte, an other dogge v/as there : 
 
 But yet the Moone, who did not heare his queste, 
 
 Hir woonted course, did keepe vnto the weste. 
 
 This reprehendes, those fooles which baule, and barke, 
 At learned men, that shine aboue the rest : 
 With due regarde, that they their deedes should marke, 
 And reuerence them, that are with wisedome bleste : 
 
 But if they striue, in vaine their winde they spende, 
 
 For woorthie men, the Lord doth still defende." 
 
 The variations or the agreements among the three emblema- 
 tists as to the dog baying at the moon we' need not determine ; 
 from one or from all of them Shakespeare probably took the 
 expression which marks the hottest part of the contention of 
 Brutus and Cassius. Brutus demands : 
 
 " What Shall One Of US, Julius Caesar, 
 
 That struck the foremost man of all this world, 
 
3 o8 
 
 Essays Literary and Bibliographical. 
 
 But for supporting robbers ; shall we now 
 Contaminate our fingers with base bribes'? 
 And sell the mighty space of our large honours, 
 For so much trash as may be grasped thus?" 
 
 and instantly exclaims, as if the device were before him, 
 
 " I had rather be a dog, and bay the moon 
 Than such a Roman." 
 
 Correspondences almost in scores might be given between 
 Shakespeare and the emblem writers.* We close our account 
 Whitney, p. 183. with one which we may trace through the English of Whitney, 
 the French of Paradin, and the Italian of Symeoni. The device 
 is a sculptor, with mallet and chisel, cutting a memorial of his 
 wrongs into a block of marble, and above his head is the scroll 
 and its motto, " Scribit in marmore Icesus," Being wronged he 
 writes on marble. The stanza from the Italian is : 
 
 " Each one that lives may be swift passion's slave, 
 And though a powerful will at times delight 
 In causing others harm and terror's fright; 
 The injured doth those wrongs on marble grave." 
 
 In that scene of unparalleled beauty, tenderness and simpli- 
 city, in which there is related to queen Katherine the death of 
 " the great child of honour," as she terms him, cardinal Wolsey, 
 Griffith describes him as 
 
 " full of repentance, 
 Continual meditations, tears and sorrows, 
 He gave his honours to the world again, 
 His blessed part to heaven, and slept in peace." 
 
 And just afterwards, when the queen had been speaking with 
 some asperity of the cardinal's greater faults, Griffith remon- 
 strates : 
 
 * This assertion is not made unadvisedly. I went pretty thoroughly into the sub- 
 ject before announcing "Whitney's Emblems for republication, and I have the results, 
 illustrated by about 140 photographs from emblem writers, in a manuscript volume of 
 nearly 400 pages, 4to, which I have entitled "The Emblem Writers of the Fif- 
 teenth and Sixteenth Centuries, with the Correspondences of Thought and Expres- 
 sion in Shakespeare's Works." Were I a younger man I might hope to set this 
 volume before the public in a manner worthy of the authors between whom so many 
 similarities and identities can be established. 
 
 Symeoni. 
 Plate XXXVII. 
 
 Hen. VIII. 
 vi. ii. I.47. 
 
Essays Literary and Bibliographical. 309 
 
 "Noble Madam, 
 Men's evil manners live in brass ; their virtues 
 We write in water. May it please your highness 
 To hear me speak his good now." 
 
 Lavinia's deep wrongs were being written by her on the sand 
 to inform Marcus and Titus what they were and who had in- 
 flicted them. Marcus was for instant revenge, but Titus counsels : 
 
 " You're a young huntsman, Marcus; let it alone, Titus And. iv. 1. 
 
 And come, I will go get a leaf of brass, 
 And with a gad of steel will write those words, 
 And lay it by : the angry northern wind 
 Will blow these sands, like Sybil's leaves, abroad, 
 And where's your lesson then?" 
 
 How like the sentiments thus enunciated to the lines in Whitney: 
 
 " T N marble harde our harmes wee alwayes graue, Emb. p. is$. 
 
 X Bicause, we still will beare the same in minde ; 
 In duste wee write the benefittes wee haue, 
 Where they are soone defaced with the winde. 
 
 So, wronges wee houlde, and neuer will forgiue, 
 
 And soone forget, that still with vs shoulde liue." 
 
 "The famous Scenicke Poet, Master W. Shakespeare," may 
 have been intimate with the Italian and French emblem-books, 
 and from them have been supplied with the thought of " a leaf 
 of brass," and of the records of " men's evil manners," and of 
 " their virtues ;" but there is a far closer similarity between him 
 and Whitney : and allowing for the easy substitution of "brass" 
 and " water " for " marble " and " dust," the parallelism of the 
 ideas and words is very exact, and fully justifies the conclusion 
 that Whitney's emblems were well known to Shakespeare. 
 
 For the sentiment of engraving our wrongs there may have 
 been a common origin to which the emblematists and the drama- 
 tist had recourse, — it is a sentence written by sir Thomas More 
 about the year 1 5 16. Speaking of the ungrateful returns which 
 Jane Shore experienced from those whom she had served in her Hist.ofRich.nl. 
 prosperity, More remarks : " Men use, if they haue an evil turne, 
 to write in marble, and whoso doth us a good turne, we write it 
 in duste." 
 
 The expressions are however of higher antiquity than any of 
 
310 Essays Literary and Bibliographical. 
 
 Jeremiah xvii. these quotations. The prophet Jeremiah sets forth most forcibly 
 what Shakespeare names "men's evil manners living in brass," 
 and Whitney, "harms grauen in marble hard." "The sin of 
 Judah is written with a pen of iron, and with the point of a dia- 
 mond : it is graven upon the table of their heart and upon the 
 horns of your altar." And the writing in water or in the dust is 
 in the exact spirit of the words, " they that depart from me shall 
 be written in the earth," i.e. the first wind that blows over them 
 shall efface their names, " because they have forsaken the Lord, 
 the fountain of living waters." 
 
 It is but justice to Shakespeare to notice that at times his 
 judgment of injuries rises to the full height of christian morals. 
 The spirit Ariel avows that were he human his "affections would 
 become tender" towards the shipwrecked captives, and Prospero 
 enters into his feeling with a strong conviction : 
 
 Tempest v. i. " Though with their high wrongs I am struck to the quick, 
 
 Yet with my nobler reason 'gainst my fury 
 Do I take part : the rarer action is 
 In virtue than in vengeance : they being penitent 
 The sole drift of my purpose doth extend 
 Not a frown further." 
 
 And so I would end this subject by repeating those noble 
 lines of a later writer, furnished me by a friend, the Rev. T. A. 
 Walker, M.A., of Filey, late of Tabley, in which the sentiment of 
 a free forgiveness of injuries is ascribed to the world's great and 
 blessed Saviour : 
 
 " Some write their wrongs on marble, He more just 
 Stoop'd down serene, and wrote them in the dust, 
 Trod under foot, the sport of every wind, 
 Swept from the earth, quite banished from His mind, 
 There secret in the grave He bade them lie, 
 And grieved they could not 'scape the Almighty's eye." 
 
 The references and coincidences adduced, and which I know 
 of a certainty may be very easily enlarged, cannot be regarded 
 as entirely accidental. I would not urge them all with full con- 
 fidence, and I do not pretend to say that my examples must of 
 necessity carry conviction with them. Their conclusiveness is a 
 matter of opinion only, — if you will, a dogma, and not a doctrine, 
 
Essays Literary and Bibliographical. 311 
 
 of my Shakesperian and Whitneian faith, — yet what I have thus 
 opened is a very curious and interesting subject of inquiry.* I 
 am but a pioneer, or rather a miner digging for precious stones ; 
 and possibly I may verify the experience of the jet-seekers at 
 Whitby, cast up a whole mountain of rubbish to bring to light 
 two or three pieces of ornament, or a single specimen of crystal- 
 lized charcoal. 
 
 * Were it necessary I might go into a fuller and more critical examination of the 
 question to which emblem writer specially certain of Shakespeare's devices are to be 
 traced. We may affirm generally that the ultimate resort must be to Symeoni, Giovio, 
 or Alciat. From their stores and instructions, and from those of Girolamo Ruscelli Plate LXI. 
 on the Invention of Devices, Coats of Arms, Mottoes and Liveries, and of Lodovico 
 Domenichi "on what are named Devices of Arms and of Love," emblem writers of a 
 later date than 1556 very frequently borrowed or invented. 
 
 Indeed Ruscelli and, by implication, Giovio were the teachers to sir Philip Sidney See Note to 
 of the "Gentle Art" of attaching factorial illustrations to poesies, and of making an jfmblern, p 38. 
 emblem complete by motto, device and stanza; and what that noble cavalier com- 
 mended and followed would find a ready entrance to his countrymen. Through him 
 the Imprese of the Italians became known in England, and it is not unlikely were 
 communicated to Spenser in 1579, and afterwards to his successors Daniell, Whitney 
 and Abraham Fraunce. 
 
 Paolo Giovio's work on emblems bears the two titles of Dialogo, Dialogue, and Plate LXI. 
 Ragionamento, Discourse; but they are essentially the same. The latter however, in 
 the editions of 1556 and 1560 has seven or eight pages of additional matter. Pictorial 
 illustrations appeared at a later time. 
 
 It was not from these fuller editions that Daniell executed his translation, but from Plate LX. 
 the Roman edition of 1555, or from some similar edition, to which the translator has 
 appended "certaine notable deuises both militarie and amorous, Collected by Samuel 
 Daniell P It is in this additional part that the torch is named, "burning, and turning 
 downeward," with the motto QuOD me alit, drv. 
 
 Of four editions of Giovio's Dialogo or Ragionamento — 1555 by Antonio Barre, Plate LX. 
 1556 and 1560 by Giordano Ziletti, and another of 1556 by Gabriel Giolito — no one and L I- 
 contains the motto which Daniell quotes. That motto appears in 1561 in Symeoni's Plate LXII. 
 Devises ov Emblemes Heroiqves et Morales, p. 244; in 1562 in Sententiose piate xxxvi. 
 Imprese, p. 35; and in 1574 in Dialogo Del l'Imprese Militari et Amorose, piate lxiii. 
 p. 200 : but, as in Paradin and Whitney, the motto reads, not Quod, but Qui me alit, 
 Daniell seems therefore to have made the alteration without authority. 
 
 It could not however be from Daniell that Shakespeare derived any of his other 
 emblems, for the burning torch is the only one which the translator of Giovio names. 
 We return therefore to the conclusion, that Shakespeare read other emblem writers ; 
 and what work so likely to be read as one by his own countryman Whitney, selected 
 and culled from the choice devices of French and Italian art ? 
 
 For this note the reader is really indebted to William Stirling, esq., M.P. for Perth- 
 shire; for without the generous loan from his richly-stored library, of seven volumes 
 bearing dates between 1555 and 1585, the editor would not have had the materials 
 accessible for compiling what he has now put together. 
 
3 1 1 Essays Literary and Bibliographical. 
 
 However, I would have scholars work for every rational eluci- 
 dation of " the sweet swan of Avon's " noble minstrelsy. If no 
 other good be done, they who undertake such labours have their 
 own spiritual perceptions enlarged ; further light enters the mind's 
 dark chamber, and the beauteous images there impressed may 
 take such fixure that they can be reproduced for other men's in- 
 struction. But seldom have literary labours so confined an influ- 
 ence : their ramifications are almost infinite, and, though begun 
 in curiosity, may end in a more perfect development of the writ- 
 ings of the great masters of human thought. Our loved teachers 
 and instructors God's providence calls away from earth, but the 
 diligent learners in after ages reap the fruits of patient study, and 
 thus the seeds of genius wisely scattered grow up a richer harvest 
 for the world. 
 
NOTES 
 
 LITERARY AND BIOGRAPHICAL, EXPLANATORY 
 OF SOME OF WHITNEY'S EMBLEMS AND 
 OF THE PERSONS TO WHOM THEY 
 ARE DEDICATED. 
 
 SECTION I. — Containing Part I. from Title-page to . 
 Page 104. 
 
 MBLEMS, — some of them, — not all ; for 
 only a few possess any immediate his- 
 torical interest, or are attached to names 
 that can confer celebrity. In the prepa- 
 ration of this work the editor indeed has 
 traced to their originals in Latin, Italian, 
 French, or German, above two hundred See Essay 1. 
 
 Sections i. and II. 
 
 and twenty of Whitney's woodcuts and pp- 237-152- 
 mottoes, and has collected and -transcribed an equal number of 
 passages from their respective authors, whose stanzas Whitney 
 translates or imitates ; but these correspondences are useful 
 chiefly to the thorough student of the emblem writers, and by 
 far the greater part of them are altogether passed over in these 
 notes without being presented to the reader. Sufficient how- 
 ever will be retained to set forth the nature of the subjects, and 
 to give an adequate idea of the manner of growth which the 
 " Choice of Emblemes " passed through. 
 
 Though it would be a work of labour, it might not be very 
 difficult to rival Claude Mignault in his very learned Commentary 
 on the Emblems of Andreas Alciatus, the father of this kind of 
 literature. In these literary and biographical notices on Whit- 
 ney, we might explain each of his phrases and allusions, — fortify 
 the text by numerous and full quotations from the poets, histo- 
 rians and orators of Greece and Rome, — bring in the Christian 
 fathers as auxiliaries, — and occasionally press into the service 
 
3H Notes Literary and Biographical. 
 
 the hieroglyphics of Egypt and the customs of Jews and Arabi- 
 ans ; yet, in the present day, to do this would be to abuse the 
 privilege of an editor, and to make the reading of our book a 
 burden rather than a recreation. 
 
 We shall therefore endeavour to confine our elucidations to 
 points of interest ; not indeed entirely eschewing the curious, but 
 at times contenting ourselves with simply indicating the sources 
 of fuller information, and not attempting to compile memoirs 
 and histories in the entire completeness to which each subject 
 might lead. Besides, we presuppose that readers of education 
 are sufficiently familiar with classic literature and general history 
 not to need telling anything about heathen divinities and heroes, 
 nor requiring special narratives carried out into particulars con- 
 cerning persons who are famous in the annals of their respective 
 countries. 
 
 Pagera. The Frontispiece. — Armorial bearings of "Robert Earle of 
 
 Leycester." These are said to have been the subject of eight 
 
 AmesjTyp.Ant Latin hexameters in Morel's Commentary on Latin Verbs, pub- 
 lished in 1583. The crest, The bear and ragged staff, may be 
 
 Dugdak, edit, traced out in Dugdale's Warwickshire to Richard Beauchamp, 
 
 '73°) PP- 4°° 11 1 
 
 and 410. earl of Warwick, who died in 1434, and to one of the Nevilles, 
 
 also earl of Warwick, in 1438. Among the monuments in the 
 Lady chapel at Warwick there is a full-length figure of "Ambrose 
 Duddeley," who died in 1589 earl of Warwick, and a muzzled 
 bear is crouching at his feet. His brother Robert Dudley, earl 
 of Leicester, died in 1588, and on his magnificent tomb in the 
 same chapel is also seen the cognizance of the bear and ragged 
 staff. The arms however are a little different from those which 
 Whitney figures. At an earlier date than 1586, the right-hand 
 supporter, apparently a lioness, is represented with a single tail. 
 If, as some say, the double tail be a mark of sovereignty, this 
 frontispiece may lend support to the idea that Leicester really 
 did make pretensions to supreme dignity in the Netherlands, and 
 
 voi.ii. pp. us had even assumed one of its insignia. Motley, in his History of 
 
 and 231, also . T . 
 
 16 and J49- the United Netherlands, represents Deventer as urging that Lei- 
 cester " might at once seize upon arbitrary power." 
 
 Page [}]. 
 
 Dedication. — "Robert Earle of Leycester, Baron of Den- 
 
Notes Literary and Biographical. 3 1 5 
 
 bighe," &c. A name of renown as the favourite of his queen, but 
 rather of dishonour, because no ties, domestic or social, were 
 allowed to stand in the way of his ambition. He was born in 
 15 3 1, and died suddenly, it has been said of poison, September 
 4th 1588. His grandfather Edward Dudley, born in 1462, was 
 one of the favourites of Henry VII., but through the fury of the 
 people executed in 15 10. John Dudley, the son of Edmund, 
 was born in 1502, and his attainder in blood being removed he 
 was created baron Malpas, viscount L'Isle, earl of Warwick, and 
 finally duke of Northumberland, suffering death in 1553 for his 
 disloyalty to Mary. Of his eight sons Guildford Dudley married 
 the unfortunate lady Jane Grey, and the two were beheaded in 
 1554; Ambrose, Robert and Henry obtained distinction at the 
 siege of St. Quentin in 1557, and for their services were received 
 into Mary's favour. 
 
 When about nineteen years of age Robert Dudley married the 
 ill-fated Amy Robsart, who died in 1560; in his twenty-first 
 year he represented the county of Norfolk in parliament, and 
 that same year, on the death of Edward VI., assisted to proclaim 
 lady Jane Grey as queen, for which he was tried and received 
 judgment of death, but was pardoned in October 1554. Soon 
 after Elizabeth's accession in 1558 he obtained her favour, being 
 constituted master of the horse, elected knight of the garter in 
 1559, and created baron of Denbigh and earl of Leicester in 
 1564. Many offices and honours were poured upon him. The 
 university of Cambridge elected him high steward in 1563; the 
 university of Oxford appointed him chancellor in 1564; the city 
 of Chester made him their chamberlain in 1565 ; and the town of 
 Great Yarmouth their high steward in 1572. The king of 
 France conferred upon him the order of St. Michael in 1566. 
 In July 1575 he entertained the queen for ten days at Kenilworth; 
 and in 1578 he married the widow of Walter Devereux earl of 
 Essex. In December 1585 he was sent as " Lorde Lieutenant 
 and Captaine Generall of her Ma ties forces in the lowe countries." 
 The nature of his administration is most graphically described in 
 the pages of Motley's History of the United Netherlands. That See vol. ii. 
 administration soon came to an end, for he surrendered his au- 
 thority and was again in England at the end of November 1586 ; 
 but in June 1587 he conducted a considerable force for the relief 
 
3 1 6 Notes Literary and Biographical. 
 
 Succession of 
 England's Mo- 
 narchy, p. 889. 
 215. 
 
 A Paris, 15Q5, 
 8vo. 
 
 Ultraj, is8i, 4to. 
 
 London, 1658, 
 24mo. 
 
 London, 1706. 
 
 London, 1717, 
 8vo. 
 
 Cambridge, 1861, 
 vol. ii. pp. 30-34. 
 London, 1801, 
 vol. in. p. 477. 
 
 Retrospective 
 Review, New 
 Series, vol. i. 
 p. 277. 
 
 London, 1844. 
 
 of Sluys in Zealand, but the town was lost and the queen 
 recalled him November 9th 1587, and appointed lord Willoughby 
 in his place. The year 1588 saw him named lieutenant-general 
 of the forces assembled at Tilbury to resist the invasion threat- 
 ened by the Spaniards ; but the same year in September also 
 witnessed his splendid funeral in our Lady's chapel at Warwick. 
 
 His character belongs to the historians of his time. His praise 
 and his dispraise have employed many pens in his own day and 
 ever since. As Speed records ; " He had been a Peere of great 
 estate, but lyable to the common destiny of most Great ones, 
 whom all men magnifie in their life time, but few speake well of 
 after their death." Against " Discours de la vie abominable du 
 my lord de Leicestre" we may set " Eulogium Rob. comitis Ley- 
 cestrii" by Arnold Eickius ; should we meet with " Traditional 
 Memoires in the reigns of Queen Elizabeth and king James" and 
 note how bitterly Robert Dudley is spoken of, — or take up 
 Drake's " Secret Memoirs" we may correct their prejudicial con- 
 demnation by consulting "~The Life of Robert Earl of Leicester, 
 the Favourite of Queen Elizabeth, drawn from Original Papers 
 and Records!' For a fair and just view of his life and actions 
 the Athena? Cantabrigienses may be read, or Aikin's General Bio- 
 graphy. 
 
 Most of the events of his residence in Holland are set before 
 us in the following works : 
 
 " A briefe report of the militarie services done in the Low Countries 
 by the erle of Leicester. Written by one who served in good place 
 there, in a letter to a friend of his." 4to, 1587. 
 
 " Journal of Robert Earl of Leicester." 
 
 "Correspondence of Robert Dudley Earl of Leycester during his 
 Government of the Low Countries in the years 1585 and 1586, edited 
 by John Bruce F.S.A." Camden Society, 4to. 
 
 Leicester affected to be the patron of the fine arts, of litera- 
 ture, and of religion in the strict form of puritanism"; and 
 numerous and often curious, if not odd, are the books which 
 asked favour from him. In the matter of Dedications there 
 appears to have been a rivalry between himself and Essex, or 
 rather between their respective partisans. If Whitney's praise 
 of Robert Dudley seems to us excessive, that which Willet ad- 
 dressed to Devereux is scarcely under more restraint ; for he 
 
Notes Literary and Biographical. 3 1 7 
 
 speaks of him, as " noble, learned, the Mecaenas and most excel- wnjet's Sac. 
 
 1 Emblematum, 
 
 lent patron of all students, renowned not so much for the splen- Centuria una. 
 dor of his race, as for the remarkable eminence of his own virtue." 
 
 An authentic portrait of Robert Dudley exists at Knole, the 
 old seat of the Sackvilles, now the residence of the earl Amherst. 
 It has been engraved, and occurs among Birch's "Heads of Illus- Vol. i. p. 4? 
 trions Persons of Great Britain." 
 
 Thomas Newton, a Cheshire poet, celebrated the earl's return 
 from Belgium, and likened him to Solon, Nestor, Numa and Cato. 
 A dozen Latin lines conclude with invoking him as 
 
 " Mighty count, of Britain's land the ornament immortal, , inland's A.ui- 
 
 - • . ' quaria, vol. v. 
 
 Deservedly to be numbered among magnanimous powers. p. 
 
 As chancellor of Oxford or high steward of Cambridge, Lei- 
 cester may have had Whitney's merits placed before him, for 
 the poet was of both universities ; but it is suggestive of the way 
 in which the patron and the poet became acquainted that for grmerod's 
 twenty-three years, from 1565, the earl had been chamberlain of vol. i. p. s°. 
 Chester. During this time, about the year 1578 or 1 5 79, Leices- 
 ter's good offices had been sought in a dispute between several 
 Cheshire gentlemen and the dean and chapter of Chester cathe- 
 dral. After something very like bribery the quarrel was settled 
 by both parties joining in a surrender of the estates to the queen, p h J 7J Lysons ' 
 
 who reg-ranted them to the fee farmers subject to certain rents to Ormerod, vol. i. 
 
 ° J p. 141. 
 
 be paid to the dean and chapter. 
 
 In 1583 the corporation of Chester received the earl of Lei- 
 cester with almost regal honours. He was accompanied by the 
 earls of Derby and Essex and lord North, and was met by most 
 of the gentry of the county. There were fifteen hundred horse The Lysons, 
 in his train, and the numerous cavalcade was welcomed at the ormerod, vol. i. 
 High Cross in Chester by the mayor and the whole council of p '"' 
 the city. A present of forty angels of gold was made to the earl 
 in a cup valued at 1 8/. 
 
 It is easy to see how Whitney, a Cheshire man, with near 
 relatives among the gentry of the county, might gain introduc- 
 tion to- Leicester ; he might be admitted even as one of his 
 retinue, and in his service make the acquaintance, and probably 
 secure the friendship, of Sidney, Russell, Norris and Jermyn. 
 
 * " Magne Comes, terras decus immortale Brilanna; 
 Magnanimas inter merito numerande Dynastas." 
 
318 
 
 Notes Literary and Biographical. 
 
 Page [i 7 j. Verses Congratulatory. — Of the five sets four are by- 
 
 persons to whom Whitney dedicated each an emblem, and of 
 them a notice will be given in the proper place. BONAVENTURA 
 VULCANIUS of Bruges is the only one whom we need here to 
 Neckrian^orum ment io n - He was born in 1 5 38 and died in 1614. "Whoever," 
 Latinawmposu- sa y s Peerlkamp, "has read the remarkable oration of Peter 
 ?838 t ' P ^ i 239 m! ' Curiaeus on the death of Bonaventura Vulcanius, of necessity 
 and 340. -will love him, as well for the choice virtues of his mind as for 
 his attainments in literature of various kinds." After laying the 
 foundation of learning at Ghent and Louvain, while yet a youth 
 he went to Seville, and for eleven years was curator of cardinal 
 Mendoza's library. Then he presided over the Gymnasium or 
 Grammar school at Antwerp; and finally, about 1582, he was 
 invited to the university of Leyden, and there taught Greek for 
 DisserSion Ctory ^ e ^ on & s P ace °f thirty-two years. Here Whitney became 
 pp.xxviii.andiiii. acquainted with him, and was honoured by him with the com- 
 plimentary stanzas in which the Geffrey of Elizabeth's reign is 
 compared with the great poet of a former age, Geffrey Chaucer, 
 In the library of the university there is a very fine portrait of 
 Bonaventura Vulcanius, and also a manuscript by him of the 
 Poemata Hymns of Callimachus. Among the Poems of James Dousa the 
 
 Roterodami, > i i- i ■ 
 
 "704, p-ijs- younger are some JLatm iambics on Bonaventura s publishing a 
 work of Aristotle's and another of Apuleius. The Hymns of 
 Callimachus and the Idylls of Moschus and Bion were printed 
 at Antwerp by Plantin in 1 5 84, — or rather at Leyden, where 
 
 Annates dei'imp. the great printer, fleeing before Farnese, had just established his 
 
 Plant, p. 264. & r ° J . 
 
 office. An edition of Bonaventura's Apuleius was printed by 
 Rapheleng at Leyden in 1594 
 
 Pa g e[zo]. "D. O. M." Deo, Optimo, Maximo, To God, best and greatest. — 
 
 In our modern times we shrink from such dedications ; but it was 
 with deepest reverence that the early emblem writers adopted 
 them. There is a beautiful one by Willet, — his thirty-seventh 
 
 Sacrorum emblem, — " Recte precanti praesto adest Christus," Christ 
 
 Emblematum . . . . 
 
 Centuriauna. instantly is present to him who prays aright. Of some Latin 
 elegiacs on Exodus xxvi. 1, he adds this English translation, 
 admirably expressing how we ought to pray : 
 
 " The curtaines wrought with pictures were, 
 hanging in holy place ; 
 
Notes Literary and Biographical, 3 1 9 
 
 The Cherubs did with wings appeare, 
 
 and gave a goodly grace. 
 The house of prayer Angels frequent, 
 
 and Christ him selfe is there, 
 Then seeing these are alwayes present 
 
 We ought to pray with feare." 
 
 Emblem, p. 1. — "Te stante, virebo" While thou standest I shall 
 flourish. According to the purport of Whitney's stanzas, the 
 name and titles of queen Elizabeth should head this emblem ; 
 but probably, as the entire work had been dedicated to a subject, 
 it was not considered a courtly thing to devote simply a page to 
 the sovereign. 
 
 The device is from Hadrian Junius, but the motto from Claude Plate xxvw 
 Paradin. The object of Junius is to illustrate the saying, that 
 " the wealth of princes is the stay of the people," and he applies 
 to that saying a four-lined stanza : 
 
 " The pyramids of Pharaoh-kings are monuments lasting for ages, 
 With wandering arms around them clasps the creeping ivy ; 
 By the steadfast wealth of kings sustained are the needy people, 
 And the mind's constant steadfastness secures age-lasting powers." 
 
 Paradin gives us the origin of the device of the pyramid and Devises He, 0 - 
 the ivy. The cardinal of Lorraine, on going to his abbey of 1561. 
 Cluny, erected his device at the gate : it is a pyramid with a 
 crescent on the top, and surrounded from the base to the summit 
 by a beautiful verdant ivy. The whole was accompanied by the 
 , following inscription : 
 
 " Quel Memphien miracle se haussant 
 Porte du ciel l'argentine lumiere, 
 Laquelle va (tant qu'elle soit entiere 
 En sa rondeur) toujours croissat 1 
 
 Quel sacre saint Lierre grauissant 
 Jusqu'au plus haut de cette sime fiere, 
 De son apui.(6 nouuelle maniere) 
 Se fait l'apui, plus en plus verdissant ! 
 
 Soit notre Roi la grande Pyramide, 
 Dont la hauteur en sa force solide 
 Le terme au ciel plante de sa victoire : 
 
 M 
 
Notes Literary and Biographical. 
 
 Prince Prelat, tu sois le saint Lierre 
 Qui saintement abandonnant la terre 
 De ton soutien vas soutenant la gloire." 
 
 London, 1591, The English translation from Paradin, by P. S., gives the fol 
 lowing version : 
 
 " O Readers tell what thing is ment 
 By tombes in Memphis towne, 
 Which on the top doth beare on high 
 The bright beames of the moone 1 
 The moone which doth continually 
 Increase in light so bright, 
 Till that night come wherin her shine, 
 From world doth take her flight 
 And what doth meane the sacred Iuy 
 Which creeps and binds about 
 This tomb, to whose high top he climbs, 
 Although it be full stout, 
 And what new fashion is this also 
 That leaning to it stickes, 
 Making his stay about the same, 
 That greenely ouer creepes. 
 This tombe it is that mightie king, 
 Whose maiestie honer craues, 
 For he in heauen triumphes for vs 
 To sathan that were slaues, 
 And the Iuie a bishop signifies 
 Euen thee most famous prince, 
 Who in a godly life doest yeeld 
 Not to the best an inch. 
 For though thy bodie lie in graue 
 Yet such thy vertue was, 
 That it beares vp our laud and praise 
 That neuer awaye shall passe." * 
 
 * Though restraining the application of this emblem, with the crescent moon, to the 
 family of the Guises, namely to Claudius de Guise, cardinal deacon of S. Clement, and 
 brother of Charles duke de Guise, the " Symbols Divine and Human of Pontiffs, Em- 
 perors,' 1 '' gives an account rather different from that of Paradin, but combining 
 essentially the same sentiments and setting forth the sovereign as the source and sup- 
 port of the glory of the subject. Mention is also made of the crescent moon being a 
 military standard of the Turks, but assumed both saucily and foolishly, "for the moon 
 which increases also grows old," "quce crescit, senescif." 
 
 Frankfort, 1651, 
 vol. ii. p. 6. 
 Hierographia 
 Cardinalium. 
 
Notes Literary and Biographical. 321 
 
 It will be seen that the ideas are adopted in some measure by- 
 Whitney ; and this emblem of his supplies a good example of 
 what is frequent with him, namely the accommodating of the 
 thoughts of other writers to a subject not originally intended. 
 Here he makes the device of the cardinal of Lorraine subservient 
 to the praise of the English queen and of the Protestant church 
 of England. 
 
 EMBLEM, p. 3. — Prouidentia, Providence. A motto and wood- 
 cut from Hadrian Junius, whose few lines simply inform us 
 " Where the sacred Nile shall flow upon the fields, there the Plate xxvi</. 
 prescient Crocodile lays its eggs away from the flood, with good 
 reason admonishing us to see beforehand what the fates may 
 threaten." The monogram G is in the centre of the cut from Annaiesdei imp. 
 
 0 Plantin. pp. 42 
 
 Junius, and is said to mark the workmanship of Hubert Goltz- and 48- 
 ius ; but this is doubtful, though it certainly denotes an artist 
 who frequently engraved for the printers of Antwerp. The 
 reader will observe how the borders in this edition of Junius 
 are the originals of those in Whitney, and also how Whitney 
 amplifies and improves upon the Latin stanza. 
 
 Emblem, p. 4. — " Veritas tempora filia" Truth the daughter 
 of Time. A variation from the motto of Junius to the same de- Plate xxvic 
 vice, "Truth by time is revealed, by discord is buried!' Whitney's 
 lines bring out the meaning much more effectually than those of 
 Junius — " Why, O winged Saturn, dost thou drag the naked 
 maiden into the air ? Why does the assembly of women over- 
 whelm the furrow with piled up earth ? Truth, daughter of Time, 
 issuing forth from the cave, a three-fold plague appears to over- 
 whelm, — Strife, Envy and Slander." This device was the badge 
 of Mary Tudor when she succeeded to the throne. 
 
 Emblem, p. 15. — "Voluptas cerumnosa? Sorrowful pleasure. 
 The sad fate of Actaeon furnishes a subject to at least three of Pla , te ^ J 1 xx 
 
 •> and XXV. 
 
 the emblem writers previous to Whitney ; namely to Alciat, 
 Aneau and Sambucus. Alciat adopts for motto, " In recepta- 
 tores sicariorum," On the harbotirers of assassins, and thus car- 
 ries out his thought : 
 
J22 
 
 Notes Literary and Biographical. 
 
 " Unlucky for thee a band of robbers and thieves through the city, 
 Goes as companion : and a troop girded with direful swords. 
 
 And so thou a prodigal judgest thyself generous in mind, 
 Because thy pot of meat entices many of the bad. 
 
 Behold a new Actaeon, who after he took up the horns 
 Himself gave himself a prey to his own dogs." 
 
 Aneau applies the fable of Actaeon to him who, " Ex domino 
 PictaPoesis, servus," From a master becomes a slave, and proves his text in 
 Latin elegiacs : 
 
 " Cornibvs in ceruum mutatum Actseona sumptis, 
 Membratim proprij diripuere canes. 
 Nae, miser est Dominus, Parisitos quisquis edaces 
 
 Pascit, adulantum praeda parata canum ! 
 Se quibus irridendum suggerit, & comedendum, 
 Seruus & ex domino corniger efficitur." 
 
 Thus, if we please, to be rendered : 
 
 " Horns being assumed by Actaeon changed into a stag, 
 Member from member his own hounds have torn him. 
 
 Verily, wretched is the master who feeds parasites voracious, 
 A prey is he made ready for those fawning dogs. 
 
 Himself he offers to whoever would mock and devour him, 
 And out of a master is he made a horn-bearing slave." 
 
 Plate xxv. Sambucus however supplies the motto which Whitney follows, 
 and seems himself to have borrowed some of his thoughts from 
 the Greek of Palsephatus, Concerning incredible Histories.* We 
 give the sense of his stanzas : 
 
 "He, who follows the chase too eagerly, drains his paternal riches 
 and lavishes them on dogs : so great the love of the vain sport, so great 
 the infatuation continually becomes, that he puts on the double horns 
 of the swift deer. Actaeon' s fate happens to thee, who having horns 
 from thy birth hast by thine own dogs been torn in pieces. How 
 many, whom the quick scented faculty of the dogs delights, does the 
 passion for hunting finish and devour. Postpone not serious things for 
 • sports, advantages for losses, — regard whatever things remain as if 
 thou wert destitute." 
 
 De Incr. Hist. 
 Edition 1670, 
 Cantab, p. 10. 
 
 * "To Actaeon indeed, caring nothing about domestic affairs, and busied only with 
 hunting, the means of livelihood failed ; and when he had nothing left, people said : 
 ' Poor Action! he has been eaten up by his own dogs.'" 
 
Notes Literary and Biographical. 
 
 It must be confessed that Whitney's treatment of the tale is Emb. P . 15 
 superior to that of the other three ; and the comparison thus car- 
 ried out to some length may serve to vindicate for him greater 
 clearness and unity of purpose. 
 
 Emblem, p. 32. — "In poznam sectatur & vmbra" Even a sha- 
 dow is pursued for punishment. Beza's fourteenth emblem also Plate xli. 
 treats of men pursuing shadows, but in a way considerably dif- 
 ferent from the method adopted by Whitney. The simple giving 
 of Beza's meaning will make this apparent : 
 
 " As a shadow flees those pursuing it and presses on those fleeing, — 
 a shadow you know being added to bodies as their companion; So 
 glory flees those coveting rewards of undeserved praise, and on the 
 other hand is joined as companion to the humble in mind. And yet 
 do these thoroughly prove by no false trial, what all this praise will be 1 
 Truly, but a worthless shadow." 
 
 On comparing the two the advantage will, I think, again be 
 awarded to Whitney. 
 
 Emblem, p. 38. — " To the Honorable Sir Phillip Sidney 
 Knight" whom Spenser named — 
 
 " the President Shephearj's 
 
 Of Nobleness and Chevalree ;" 
 
 and whom, in his verses "To the Right Honourable and most 
 vertuous Lady, the Countess of Pembroke," he lamented as — 
 
 " that mOSt heroicke Spirit, Spenser's Works, 
 
 x ' Moxon s Edition, 
 
 The hevens pride, the glory of our daies p- 1- 
 
 Which now triumpheth (through immortall merit 
 Of his brave vertus) crown'd with lasting baies 
 Of hevenlie blis and everlasting praies ; 
 Who first my Muse did lift out of the flore, 
 To sing his sweet delights in lowlie laies." 
 
 The world-renowned and ever-worshipful Philip Sidney was 
 the son of sir Henry Sidney and of his wife Mary, the eldest 
 daughter of John Dudley, duke of Northumberland. At the 
 time of his birth, November 29th 1554, his mother was wearing Pears Memoirs, 
 
 London, 1845. 
 
 mourning for her father, her brother, and her sister-in-law the 
 lady Jane Grey, who had all died on the scaffold. He was born 
 
324 Notes Literary and Biographical. 
 
 at Penshurst in Kent, where still exist the ruins of the oak* 
 planted at his birth. On Elizabeth's accession in 1558 sir Henry- 
 became lord president of the marches of Wales, and kept his 
 court at Ludlow with much magnificence down to 1568. Hence 
 his son Philip in 1566 was sent as a scholar to Shrewsbury school, 
 and the very day, on which he and Fulke Greville (lord Broke) 
 together entered, commenced the friendship between them which 
 death alone terminated, and of which a loving memorial remains 
 andlgain by ; * n Greville's Life of Sidney. At an early age, in 1569, when only 
 EgertonBrydges, fif teerij his student life began at Christ church college, Oxford, 
 which he left in 1571 to travel for four years in France, Germany 
 and Italy. It was only by taking- refuge in the house of the 
 English ambassador in Paris that he escaped the massacre on St. 
 Bartholomew's day in 1572, when his friend and frequent corre- 
 spondent Hubert Languet found shelter with Andrew Wechel 
 The Correspond- th e celebrated printer. A letter to Languet, written during this 
 
 ence of Sidney r a > o 
 
 and Languet, tour, shows that Sidney had made acquaintance with some of the 
 emblem writers, for he mentions Girolamo Ruscelli's "Imprese 
 illustri, con esposizione e discorsi" which was published in 1566 ;f 
 and it may be that on his return to England he imparted his 
 knowledge to Spenser, and to Whitney who was of the same 
 university with himself. J In 1576 the queen appointed him her 
 ambassador to the court of Rodolph, the new emperor of Ger- 
 many. Spenser's acquaintance began about 1578, and probably 
 
 * Endeared to me especially as the centre of the scenes in which my boyhood was 
 
 passed. / 
 Virgils Eel. vi. Z7. " Turn vera in nuroerum Faundsque ferdsque videres 
 
 Ludere, turn rigidas motare cacumina quercus." 
 Plate LXI. + Ziletti's edition of Giovio's Ragionamento, in Venetia, MULVI., has appended to 
 
 it Ruscelli's "Discorso, intorno all' inuentioni dell' hnprcse, delV Insegne, de' Motti, 
 
 &= delle Liuree." i6mo, pp. 1 13-236. 
 
 % His acquaintance with and practice of emblem art appear also from his conduct 
 
 when, in 1579, a son was born to the earl of Leicester by his wife Lettice, the widow 
 
 of Walter, earl of Essex. Sidney had hitherto been reputed the heir of his uncle's 
 
 large possessions; but "on the first tilt after the birth of this child he bore on his 
 Pear's Corre- shield the word speravi scored through." In the Arcadia also the mottoes and devices 
 spondence,p.i83, on fjjg shields of the knights show both rich fertility of invention and a full knowledge 
 Gent Magazine °^ em ^ em writers. Besides, to denote that he persisted in any course of action once 
 1819, vol.ii. p.31'. decided on he adopted as his device "the Caspian sea, surrounded with its shores;" 
 
 and, alluding to this body of water neither ebbing nor flowing, his motto was, " Sine 
 
 REFLEXV," Without an ebb, i.e. No going back. 
 
Notes Literary and Biographical. 325 
 
 in that year the poet of the Faerie Queene visited Sidney at 
 Penshurst, and there wrote a portion of the S/iep/ieard's Calender, Moxon'sSpenser, 
 
 PP- x '- and 360. 
 
 dedicated " To the noble and vertuous Gentleman, most worthie 
 of all titles both of learning and chivalry, Maister Philip Sidney." 
 From 1579 ne lived in retirement for two or three years either 
 at Penshurst or at Wilton with his sister the countess of Pem- 
 broke. During this time he wrote what he entitled " The Coun- 
 tess of Pembroke's Arcadia:" it was not published until 1590, 
 four years after his death ; and it owes its fame rather to the 
 great renown of its author than to any peculiar excellence of its 
 own. In this poem under the name of " Philoclea" and in his 
 other poems under that of "Stella" he celebrated the virtues 
 and charms of the lady Penelope Devereux, to whom he was 
 fondly attached. The year 1 58 1 numbered him as one of the 
 knights of the shire for his native county, and a manuscript in 
 the British museum records : " Sir Philippe Sidney dubbed at bir Cotton. 
 
 rr J Claud. CIII. 
 
 Windesor on Sonday the 13 of January 1582, and was that day Pi«t. xxi. 
 lykewise installed for Duke John Casimir counte Palatine and 
 Duke of Bavaria." In 1583 Frances, only daughter of sir Francis 
 Walsingham, became his bride, and in her arms his noble spirit 
 was breathed forth on the 7th of October 1586, after the fatal 
 wound at Zutphen which has immortalized his memory. One 
 daughter was the issue of this marriage, born in 1585, and after- 
 wards wife to Roger, earl of Rutland. Sidney's widow was mar- Collier's Memoirs 
 
 -r»i i r t-> - it- s- i - °^ tne Sidneys. 
 
 ned to Robert, earl of Fssex, beheaded in 1000, and again to 
 Richard, earl of Clanricarde and St. Albans. It seems that in 
 1584 he had been listening to a project by sir Francis Drake for 
 engaging in an expedition against the Spaniards in the West 
 Indies, but the queen herself forbad him, and conferred on him 
 the office of " Gouernour of the Garrison and toune of Vlissing." 
 Old Fuller's quaint, fond, admiring testimony might very ex- 
 cusably detain us, but we give only a single sentence : 
 
 " This knight in relation to my book may be termed an ubiquitary, Fuller's Wor- 
 and appear among Statesmen, Soldiers, Lawyers, Writers, yea, Princes pp^VandM?. 
 themselves, being (though not elected) in election to be king of Poland, 
 which place he declined, preferring rather to be a subject to queen 
 Elizabeth, than a sovereign beyond the seas." 
 
 Whitney celebrates "the valour of the minde," "and prowes Emb. PP . 109 
 
326 Notes Literary and Biographical. 
 
 great," of a long array of Roman worthies, and to his stanzas 
 affixes the title " To the honourable Sir Philippe Sidney 
 Knight." He had intended to place the same name to the 
 Emb. P . 196. lines on " Penncz gloria perennis," The glory of the pen is ever- 
 lasting, — but Sidney himself did not consider this renown as' 
 his due, and declined it in favour of " EDWARDE Dier;" for, 
 "At the firste, his sentence was, it did belonge to you." 
 
 The fancy is embodied in these verses, that on the death of 
 the earl of Surrey — 
 
 " Apollo chang'd his cheare, and lay'd awaie his lute, 
 And Pallas, and the Muses sad, did weare a mourninge sute. 
 And then the goulden pen, in case of sables cladde 
 Was lock'd in chiste of Ebonie, and to Parnassus had." 
 
 Sidney however is born, gladness and brightness again pervade 
 the seats of Apollo and the Muses, and to him — 
 
 " behoulde, the pen, was by Mercvrivs sente, 
 
 Wherewith, hee also gaue to him, the gifte for to inuente, 
 That, when hee first began, his vayne in verse to showe, 
 More sweete than honie, was the stile that from his penne did flowe." 
 
 The profound grief for Sidney's untimely death may be judged 
 of from the writings of his contemporaries and from the magnifi- 
 cent public funeral with which his remains were honoured. "His 
 rare and never ending laudes" were the theme of many pens.* It 
 will be enough in our brief notice to quote from Bamfield's epi- 
 taph printed in 1598 : 
 " Here lyes the man; lyke to the swan, who knowing shee shall die 
 Doeth tune her voice unto the spheares, and scornes mortalitie." 
 
 A portrait of him is given in Birch's Heads of Illustrious Per- 
 sons in Great Britain, and also one from Diego Velasquez de 
 
 London, 1747, 
 vol. ii. p. 15. 
 
 Bibl Biog Uni- * Oettinger may be consulted for the various memoirs and biographical notices of 
 iIT" 6 ' Edition Sidney; to which we add a work published at Leyden in 1587: " Epithaphia in Mortem 
 Nobilissimi et Fortissimi Viri D.Philippi Sidneji Equitis ex Illustrissima Waruicensium 
 Familia, Qui incomparabili Damno Reip. Belgicse Vulnere in proelio contra Hispanos 
 England's fortiter accepto paucis post diebus mteriit." Speed's record of him testifies he was 
 ^ggj rc J|i "that worthy Gentleman, in whom were compleat all vertues and valours that could 
 Amstelodami, be required or residing in man;" and Baudart's Polemographice Auriaco Nassovicce 
 i6zi, vol.u. p.85. names him "the hero of thirty years, exceedingly well learned in languages and 
 sciences" — "eloquent and courteous, one born for choicest honours." 
 
Notes Literary and Biographical. 327 
 
 Silva in Zouch's Memoirs of his Life and Writings. To form York 1808, 410. 
 an estimate of his worth, two papers by J. Payne Collier should 
 be consulted — " Sir Philip Sidney his Life and Death," and " Sir 
 Philip Sidney and his Works." One of the most interesting and 
 well-written memoirs of Sidney is by Steuart A. Pears, M.A., 
 prefixed to The Correspondence of Sir Philip Sidney and Hubert London, 1845. 
 Languet. I believe all Biographical Dictionaries, without excep- 
 tion, contain his history and praise. 
 
 Emblem, p. 43* — " To Sir Robert Jermyn Knight." He 
 was the second son of sir Ambrose Jermyn, who was knighted 
 " in the tyme of the reigne of Queene Mary." His university 
 education commenced at Corpus Christi college, Cambridge, and 
 was completed at the Middle Temple. He was sheriff of Suffolk «*"^ Cantab - 
 in 1574, and again (according to Suckling, vol. i. p. xlii.) in 1579 ; 
 and by the death of his father April 7th 1578, and of his elder 
 brother John, "he succeeded to ( Rushbrooke and other estates in 
 Suffolk." It was during one of Elizabeth's progresses that he 
 " was dubbed at Bury St. Edmund on Saturday the first day of ^J s %lu. us. 
 August Anno 1578." On a former progress in 157 1 he enter- wodderspoon's 
 tained the French ambassadors who attended the queen "so 
 exceedingly sumptuous," that it is said they " marvelled most 
 exceedingly." He was knight of the shire on two occasions, in 
 1585 and 1586. 
 
 Sir Robert was one of those who served under the earl of 
 Leicester in 1585 and 1586, and is mentioned by him with high 
 commendation. " I have founde him," writes the earl* " to be readme"' 
 very wise and stowt, and most willing and ready to this service, pp 1,4 and 4I0 ' 
 and he hath come hither as well appointed as any that hathe 
 commen ouer." And again : " Good Mr. secretary, this good 
 
 * Whitney's version departs from the original, and is inferior to it: Sambucus, Antv. 
 
 "DlCITUR interna vi Magnes ferra mouerc: 'S 6 4> P- 8 4- 
 
 Perpetuh nautas derigere inque 7/iam, 
 Semper enim stellam ferine aspicit ille polarcm. 
 
 Indicat hac horas, 110s varieque monet. 
 Mens vtinani in ccehan nobis immota maneret, 
 
 Nee subito dubiis fluctuet ilia malts. 
 Pax co'Cat tandem, Christe, vnum clandat onilc, 
 
 Lisque tut verbi iam dirimatur ope. 
 Da, sitiens anima txcelsas sic appelat arces :' 
 
 Fontis id ortiui certius anhehis aquas. " 
 
 N 
 
Notes Literary and Biographical. 
 
 gentleman, Sir Robert Jermin, one that hath declared euery way 
 his hearty zeale and loue both to religion and to her majestie." 
 
 His zeal for religion indeed had before this caused Freake the 
 bishop of Norwich to exhibit articles against him, and sir John 
 Higham knt, and Robert Ashfield and Robert Badly esqs. The 
 complaint was that they favoured puritanism, to which in "A 
 true answer," sent to lord Burghley, they replied that the charge 
 was " old, weak, untrue, and malicious." 
 
 The family of the Jermyns was seated at Rushbrook at the 
 
 Worthies, vol. iii. beginning of the thirteenth century. Fuller speaks of Robert 
 p. 195. 
 
 Jermyn as "a person of singular piety, a bountiful benefactor to 
 Emanuel college, and a man of great command in this county 
 (Suffolk). He was father to sir Thomas Jermin (privy councillor 
 and vice-chamberlain to king Charles the First), grandfather to 
 Thomas and Henry Jermin, esquires : the younger of these being 
 lord chamberlain to our present queen Mary, and sharing in her 
 majesty's sufferings during her long exile in France, was by king 
 Charles the Second deservedly advanced Baron, and Earl of St. 
 Albans." In the Magna Britannia it is asserted " there is hardly 
 a man in England of the name of Jermyn." 
 Vol. ii. pp. 323- The only connected biography of sir Robert Jermyn that I 
 have met with is in the Athena Cantabrigienses. 
 
 Biomfieid-s Emblem, p. 46. — To Sir Henry Woodhowse Knight. The 
 
 Norfolk, vol. i. ' ° 
 
 pp.7si and 761. Woodhouses or Wodehouses of Kimberly in Norfolk " were 
 Gentlemen of good Ranke, in and before the Time of King 
 John." Members of the family, either attended the Black Prince 
 into Spain, or fought with Henry V. in 141 5 at the battle of 
 Agincourt, or served under Edward IV. at the fight of Tewkes- 
 bury ; — and one was slain at Muselborough 10th September 
 1547. They were of a stock thaf bore very abundantly the 
 honours of knighthood, when that dignity was almost a sure test 
 
 Names and Arms of personal merit. By nearly twenty descents we arrive at "Sir 
 
 of Knights from r J J J . 
 
 148; to 1614. William Woodhouse belonging to the shippes, who was knighted 
 in the "triumphant reigne of Kinge Henry the eight" "on the 
 1 1 day of May Sunday after the destruction of Edenborouge 
 and other townes ;" he bore for his crest a woodman with a club. 
 " In the happy reigne of Kinge Edward the sixt," sir Thomas 
 Woodhouse received the same honour " by the handes of Edward 
 
Notes Literary and Biographical. 329 
 
 Duke of Somersett Lord Protector." Sir Roger Woodhouse 
 graces " the tyme of the reigne of Queene Mary ;" and his second 
 brother, the sir Henry Woodhouse of Whitney's Emblems, was 
 "dubbed" "on tuesday the 26 of August 1578 ;" and "on the 27 
 of August 1 578" another sir Roger Woodhouse, who died in 1588. 
 
 Sir Henry Woodhouse " was born 3 Jan. 1 546." The time of 
 his death is not ascertained. At his baptism " Sir John Biomfieid, 
 
 vol. 1. p. 761. 
 
 ROBSART and his Lady answered for him ; he was (as all his 
 Ancestors for many Generations always were) Justice of the 
 Peace, and twice Member for the County of NORFOLK, viz. in 
 the 14 and 31 Eliz." 
 
 A Mr. Ralph Woodhouse was one of the bailiffs of Great 
 Yarmouth in 1580, and sir Roger Woodhouse, knt, in that year xni s - XI1 ' and 
 was one of " the respectable company" whom Whitney names as 
 joining in the pic-nic to Scratby island. From Camden's Eliza- 
 beth, anno 1590, we learn that "Philip Woodhouse was very 
 active at the taking of Cadiz, and for his good service was there 
 knighted by the earl of Essex." 
 
 This Philip, in 161 1, was the first baronet of the family. The 
 fifth baronet represented Norfolk in five parliaments, and the 
 sixth was also the first peer, being created baron Wodehouse in 
 1797. His grandson is the present lord Wodehouse, educated 
 like sir Philip Sidney at Christ Church, Oxford, and now repre- 
 senting her majesty queen Victoria as lord lieutenant of Ireland. 
 
 Emblem, p. 47. — " To Sir William Standley Knight." 
 The long renowned family of the Stanleys are descended from Lysons'Cheshire, 
 the ancient baronial family of Audley, and took their name from 481. 
 Stanleigh in Staffordshire, where they were sometime settled. 
 The elder branch of the house has its direct representatives in 
 the Stanleys of Great Storton and Hooton, Cheshire ; and to a 
 younger branch may be traced the Stanleys, earls of Derby, the 
 Stanleys of Alderley park, Cheshire, and. the Stanleys of Cum- 
 berland. 
 
 Sir Rowland Stanley of Storeton and Hooton, knt., who was Ormerod's ,.. 
 sheriff of Cheshire in 1576, and who died April 5 th 161 3, in his p "9- 
 ninety-sixth year, was the father of the sir William Stanley Webb, p. izo. 
 whom Whitney commemorates, and " lived to see his son's son's 
 son settled at Hooton." 
 
Notes Literary and Biographical. 
 
 In "Names and Arms of Knights made from 1485 to 1624" 
 there are two sir William Stanleys, one knighted at Leith in the 
 time of Henry VIII., and the other in the first year of Edward 
 the Sixth's reign, but neither of these could be the sir William 
 Stanley to whom Whitney offered two of his emblems ; it is 
 
 Cheshire, "vol ;;. therefore uncertain where he obtained his knighthood, but "he 
 
 p ' 2JI ' was originally engaged in the service of the king of Spain," and 
 
 afterwards in 1578 distinguished himself for his gallantry in 
 reducing the rebellious province of Munster, and under either 
 service may have received the honour. Heywood, however, says 
 
 Ane y n r s°Defence * n " k e was f° r h* 55 conduct knighted by Drury, at Water- 
 
 P' v - ' ford." 
 
 see Leicester Under the earl of Leicester, who often mentions him in his 
 
 Correspondence, 
 
 &c'&c°' J ° 2 ' ' ^ e ^ ers ' ne was appointed to the command over the strong fortress 
 of Deventer, very much to the discontent of the States General 
 of Holland. This trust he betrayed in January 1587 into the 
 hands of the Spaniards, and continued in their service for many 
 
 Queries n voi x ij y ears - He died March 6th 1630, being then governor of Mechlin 
 
 p- 448- or Malines for the Spanish king. 
 
 see ormcrod's From Watson's History of Philip II we may learn some of 
 
 Cheshire, vol. n. , 
 
 pp. 2,31 and zjz. the particulars of this dark treachery, but it is a subject we need 
 not pursue here ; the whole is set forth in one of the Chetham 
 Society's publications, so well edited by Thomas Heywood esq. 
 of Ledbury; it is "Cardinal Allen's Defence of Sir William 
 Stanley's Surrender of Deventer, January 29, 1586-7." Here, 
 
 Pages i-i x i. too, we have in the INTRODUCTION the best account extant of 
 Stanley's life and character, with most of the circumstances 
 attending his career, from his birth in 1534 to his death. 
 
 Allen's Defence appeared in the form of a letter which was 
 hastily printed by Joachim Trognaesius at Antwerp in 1587. The 
 antidote or reply bears the title, " A short admonition or warning 
 vpon the detestable treason, wherewith sir William Standley, and 
 Rowland Yorke haue betrayed and deliuered for monie, vnto the 
 Spaniards, the towne of Deventer and the sconce of Zutphen? 4to. 
 Licensed 1587. 
 
 His wife was Elizabeth, the eldest daughter of sir John Eger- 
 ton of Egerton and Oulton knight, who died in 1590. Her 
 monument, which was probably that of her husband also, was 
 near the high altar of the church of Notre Dame in Malines, 
 
Notes Literary and Biographical. 331 
 
 and Thomas Heywood says, " the inscription is still to be seen." Aiie^Defence 
 This last summer, 1865, I failed to find it there, and when I p- xxxvii - 
 mentioned the circumstance to the librarian of the university of 
 Louvain, M. Edm. Reusens D.D., he referred me to a book 
 printed at Brussels in 1770, " Provincie, Stad, ende District van 
 Mechelen" in which I found this inscription, very like the one 
 given by Heywood : 
 
 " Ici gist la noble Dame Page 170. 
 
 Elizabeth Egerton, jadis 
 
 Espeuse du tre prudent Chevallier 
 Messire Guillaume Stanley 
 
 Coronel & du Conseil de guerre 
 de Sa Ma te d'Espaigne laquelle tres- 
 passa de ceste vie le 10 d'Avril 16 14 
 priez Dieu pour son ame." 
 
 A note was added, stating that her body with many others* was 
 removed from the church of Notre Dame in Malines when it was 
 repaired in 1762, and the inscription copied in the above book. 
 
 Page 56. — "Alius peccat, alius plectitur One sins, another is p ar isiis, 1534, 
 
 . Plate VI 
 
 beaten. From Wechel's edition of Alciat, p. 74. The Latin 
 text is here added : 
 
 "Arripit ut lapidem catulns morsu'q; fatigat 
 Nec percussori midua damna facit. 
 Sic plceriq; sinunt ueros elabier hosteis, 
 Et qaos nulla grauat noxia, dente peiunt? 
 
 With this may be compared the Italian version published by piatexvin. 
 Roville at Lyons in 1551, and also Whitney's English version of Emb. P . 56. 
 1586. It will be seen that Whitney's version combines expres- 
 sions both of the Latin and of the Italian, and yet differs from 
 them both. 
 
 Emblem, p. 61. — Her Maiesties poesie, at the great Lotterie in See n. r. s. 
 London. The badges and mottoes used by our sovereigns are is^'puf^p 6 
 of great variety. We will name only those of the Tudor race. isi'^pV' it S p P . 
 Henry VII. sometimes adopted the white and red roses in union ; ,} ° n ' 
 at other times a crown in a bush, in allusion to Bosworth field. 
 
 * The margin says: "Met 8 Schilden sonder Namcn ofte Wapens," With 8 shields 
 without names or arms. 
 
33 2 
 
 Notes Literary and Biographical. 
 
 Henry VIII., among other devices, used an archer drawing- his 
 arrow to the head, and also a flame of fire. Edward VI. chose 
 a sun shining, and a phcenix on the funeral pile, with the scroll, 
 " Nascatur ut alter" That another may be born, &c. Mary, 
 when princess, preferred the white and red rose and a pome- 
 granate knotted together ; when queen, Time drawing Truth out 
 of a pit, and the words as in Whitney, p. 4, " Veritas temporis 
 filia" Truth the daughter of Time. Elizabeth's badges were " her 
 mother's falcon, or rather dove, crown and sceptre ; and her 
 devices were very numerous, most commonly a sieve without a 
 motto." 
 
 From the same authority we learn that Elizabeth made use of 
 several heroic devices and mottoes ; among the latter are " Sem- 
 per eadem" Always the same ; and " Video et taceo" I see and 
 am silent. 
 
 Gent. Magazine, " Lotteries were the inventions of the Romans during the 
 
 1821, pt. i. p. 531. _ 0 
 
 Saturnalia. Augustus much relished them. Nero was the first 
 who made a public lottery, of a thousand tickets a day, all 
 prizes, some of which made the fortune of the holder. Elaga- 
 bulus added blanks, i.e. ridiculous tickets of six flies, &c." 
 
 Emb. p. 61. "The great Lotterie in London," to which Whitney alludes, 
 
 is regarded as the first held in England. The proposals for it 
 were published in 1567-8, and it was intended to be drawn at 
 the house of Mr. Derricke, the queen's jeweller, in Cheapside, 
 but was actually drawn at the west door of St. Paul's cathedral. 
 "The drawing began on the nth of January 1569, and continued 
 incessantly drawing, day and night, 'till the 6th of May fol- 
 
 Bohn-s Political lowing." There were forty thousand chances or tickets at ten 
 
 Dictionary, vol. 
 
 iii. p. 278. shillings each, — the prizes being articles of plate and probably 
 Gent .Magazine, jewellery. The profits were devoted "towards the reparation of 
 
 the Havens and strength of the realme, and towards such other 
 
 public good workes." 
 
 A Virginian state lottery is named in 1567, and when the 
 
 Great Yarmouth corporation were in want of funds for the works 
 
 of their harbour, they endeavoured to replenish them by sub- 
 Biomficid's scriptions to the visionary scheme. The whole town was " ele- 
 
 Norfolk, vol. V. 1 
 
 p. 1600. vated to the enthusiasm of poetry," and various doggerel lines 
 
 were attached to the tickets which were purchased ; thus " The 
 Gentlemen's Posy " was, 
 
Notes Literary and Biographical. 
 
 333 
 
 " The fyrste, ne second lott I craue, 
 The thyrde yt ys that I wolde haue." 
 
 The Ladies' Posy was not quite so covetous ; it read : 
 
 "A small stocke with good successe, 
 May shortly growe to good incresse." 
 
 Not daunted by failure the town again, in 1614, entrusted BiomfieM; vol .v. 
 
 J a > p ,50, 
 
 twenty-five pounds to the same lottery, and bemottdd their 
 adventure with some most pitiful rhymes, as — 
 
 " Great Yarmouth haven, now in great distresse 
 Expects by lotterye some good successe." 
 
 For a fuller history consult " ARCILEOLOGIA," vol. xix. pt. i. 
 article x., "Account of the Lottery of 1567, being the first upon 
 record. By Will. Bray Esq." 
 
 Emblem, p. 65. — " To Richarde Cotton Esquier" of Com- 
 bermere. " The Cottons of Cumbermere Abbey," we are Lysons'ChesMre, 
 
 P399- 
 
 informed, " are descended from the ancient family of Cotton of 
 Cotton in Shropshire,* and settled in Cheshire in the reign of 
 Henry VIII. ; they are the representatives in the female line of 
 the Calveleys, Tattenhalls, Harthills and other ancient Cheshire 
 families." 
 
 Collateral branches of the same stock, or gens, settled also in Lysons'Cheshire, 
 
 p. 379. 
 
 Huntingdonshire, Cambridgeshire, Sussex and Gloucestershire ; 
 
 those of Gloucestershire being represented by the earl of Derby. 
 
 At the latter end of the sixteenth century, in 1596, a worthy of 
 
 the race, Roger Cotton, published " A Spirituall Song, contain- London, 4to, 
 
 ing an Historicall Discourse from the Infancie of the World tmtill 
 
 this present Time" and also " A n A rmonr of Proof e brought from 
 
 the Tower of Dauid, to fight against the Spaniardes, and all the 
 
 Enimies of the Trueth." Of another of the family, ROWLAND Fuller's Wor- 
 
 thies, vol. ill. 
 
 Cotton Miles, it is testified, " Incredible are the most true p- %1 - 
 relations which many eye witnesses still alive do make of the 
 valour and activity of this most accomplished knight ; so strong, 
 as if he had been nothing but bones ; so nimble, as if he had 
 been nothing but sinews." 
 
 Sir Robert Bruce Cotton, of Cheshire descent, was born at £?™' s General 
 
 7 ' .Biography, vol. 
 
 iii. p. 176. 
 
 * There were however Cottons in Cheshire as early as the reign of Henry III. 
 (1216-72) and Edward III. (See Ormerod's Cheshire, vol. ii. p. 428; vol. iii. p.372.) 
 
334 
 
 Notes Literary and Biographical. 
 
 Great Connington in Huntingdonshire, in 1570, and possessed 
 estates also at Harley St. George, in Cambridgeshire. He was 
 the founder of the celebrated collection of coins, manuscripts and 
 books, now in the British museum, and known as the Cotton 
 library. He died in 163 1, almost from vexation and grief at 
 being debarred from the free use of his literary treasures. 
 
 The sir George Cotton who was knighted " on Thursday the 
 19 day of Octobre Anno Dm. 1536," was the father of Richard 
 Cotton named by Whitney, and received the grant of Comber- 
 mere in the thirty-second year of Henry VIII. ; and the uncle 
 was the sir Richard Cotton,* one of the " Knightes of the carpett 
 dubbed by the kinge (Edward the sixt) on tuesday the 22 day 
 of ffebruary in the first year of his reigne." Richard Cotton, esq., 
 the heir to Combermere, married for his first wife Mary the 
 daughter of sir Arthur Mainwaring of Ightfield in Shropshire, 
 Emb. p. 131 . whom Whitney commemorates ; and the descendants of this 
 marriage in a direct line have well sustained and increased the 
 Ormefod's honours of their family. Robert, the great grandson of Richard 
 pp. 68 and 69; ' and Mary Cotton, born in 1635, was created a baronet in 1677, 
 
 vol.iii. p.zrz. , . , . r 1- •. , 
 
 and with the exception of one parliament represented the county 
 from the thirty-first of Charles II. to the death of William III. 
 Sir Thomas Cotton, his son, was sheriff in 17 13, and sir Robert 
 Salusbury Cotton of Combermere, his grandson, was elected to 
 the first parliament of George II. ; and from 1780 to 1790 
 another sir Robert Salusbury Cotton, bart, was also the knight 
 in parliament for the county of Chester. In the peninsular war 
 sir Stapleton Cotton gained great distinction, and was created 
 lord Combermere in 18 14, an honour which he held for fifty 
 years, attaining the rank of field marshal in the British army and 
 viscount Combermere. He died in this present year, 1865. His 
 sister Sophia was the mother of the present sir H. Mainwaring, 
 bart., of Peover. 
 
 Emb. p. zoi. The natural beauties of Combermere, and of the country 
 around, Whitney celebrates with much tenderness and truth of 
 feeling ; they were those amidst which his youth was spent, 
 
 * This sir Richard Cotton was of Bedhampton in Hampshire and of Warblington 
 in Sussex. He held under Edward VI. the offices of privy councillor and comptroller 
 of the household; and in the first parliament of Philip and Mary was returned knight 
 of the shire for Cheshire along with Richard Wilbraham of Woodhey, esq. 
 
Notes Literary and Biographical. 335 
 
 and time has by no means impaired them. The mansion is " a 
 stately seate" — 
 
 " With fishe, and foule, and cattaile sondrie flockes 
 Where christall springes doe gushe out of the rockes." 
 
 One who knew the place in the generation which followed £ in g' s Va '?. 
 
 r & Royal, pt. 11. 
 
 Whitney confirms to the full his testimony. " Upon the very p- 6 *- 
 Brow or Bank of the Mere is the Abby scituate, with the Park Plate xiv. 
 and all other parts for profit and pleasure surpassing, and envi- 
 roned on all sides to a large Extent, with such goodly Farms," 
 " as that I know none for number and largenesse comparable to 
 them in all these parts." " It is possessed by a branch of that 
 renowned name of the Cottons, who have been of great accompt 
 in many Shires, and of whom this Race hath now succeeded 
 here unto the present owner thereof George Cotton Esquire,* a 
 man of singular accompt for his wisdome, Integrity, gentlenesse, 
 godlinesse, facility, and all generous dispositions." 
 
 A more stately mansion occupies the site where the old abbey 
 stood ; and the historian of Cheshire thus describes its locality : 
 " On the banks of a natural lake, in a rich and well-wooded Ormerod's 
 
 7 Cheshire, 
 
 country, undulating sufficiently for picturesque effect in the im- vo1 - p- 111 
 
 mediate vicinity of the abbey, and rising at a short distance into 
 
 elevations which command noble and extended prospects over 
 
 Cheshire, Shropshire and North Wales." What the abbey was 
 
 in Whitney's time may be judged of from a vignette which was piate xiv 
 
 drawn at the beginning of last century, and which is reproduced 
 
 in this fac-simile reprint. 
 
 Emblem, p. 66. — To John Payton Esquier. Very little more 
 than conjectures can be made with respect to this gentleman. 
 Payton and Peyton appear interchangeable names. There were Gent. Magazi 
 Peytons of Isleham, Cambridgeshire, baronets of the first creation ' 8s4 ' ptI ' P ' 
 in 161 1 ; and a sir Edward Peyton, knighted in 16 10, who mar- Betham's 
 ried a daughter of sir James Calthorp, knight, vol. i. p. 46. 
 
 An estate in Norfolk, of which sir Thomas Mildmay was Biomfieid's 
 owner in 1567, was conveyed by him in 1 581 to Francis Gawdy, p.°uf k ' vo1 
 afterwards chief justice of the common pleas ; from him it passed 
 to sir Robert Rich, who conveyed it to sir John Peyton, in whose 
 
 * Who was m possession of Combermere in 1615, and died in 1649. 
 
 O 
 
336 Notes Literary and Biographical. 
 
 state Papers, family it remained in 1620. This sir John Peyton, may be the 
 
 Domestic Series, ' J J ' J 
 
 ij47-is8o, p. 628. same -with John Payton, esq., and against whom and the bishop 
 of Ely in 1579 a memorial to the council was presented that they 
 might be required to attend to the river of Wisbeach. 
 
 Emblem, p. 67. — To Miles Hobart, Esquier. The writers 
 1849, pt. pp. in the Gentleman's Magazine have settled who the sir Miles 
 
 372 and 373 ; ° 
 
 1851, pt. ii pp. Hobart was, the patriot member for Great Marlow, who died 
 
 127-134 and 377- > r > 
 
 38 5- 29th June 1632 ; but do not appear to recognise the Miles 
 
 Hobart, Esquier, whom Whitney honours, and who must have 
 been a man of repute in 1586. 
 
 From the authorities quoted it appears the Hobarts were 
 settled at Leyham in Norfolk A.D. 1488. James, the second son, 
 became attorney-general to Henry VII., and died in 1525. 
 "From him are descended the Hobarts of Blickling, represented 
 by the earls of Buckinghamshire, those of Plumstead and those 
 of Intwood." William, the eldest brother of the attorney-general 
 James, inherited Leyham, and among his descendants are Miles 
 Hobart of London, the father of sir Miles Hobart, knight, the 
 renowned member for Great Marlow. As far as the time is con- 
 cerned the former of these may have been our Miles Hobart, esq. 
 
 But the name was " already common in the more distinguished 
 or legal branch of the family," and among them probably is to 
 be identified Whitney's Miles Hobart. 
 
 Emblem, p. 68. — To Tho. Stvtvile Esquier. With the 
 enviable liberty of former times the name is written Stutteville, 
 Blomfield's Stutevyle and Stutevil. It belonged to a Suffolk family, and 
 
 Norfolk, vols. i. , . it-> - • tvt- 11 
 
 iv. andv. had among its members a Roger in 1240, a sir .Nicholas in 129 1, 
 a Robert in 13 10, a John and a Richard in 1414, a William in 
 1495, and a Charles in 1574. A sir Martin Stutevile appears to 
 have reigned over the manor of Kimberley from 1600 to 1644. 
 There is room to insert Thomas between Charles in 1574 and 
 Martin in 1600. 
 
 Emblem, p. 69. To George Brooke Esquier. The writers 
 Vol. ii. pp. 359 of the A thence Cantabrigienses make this George Brooke to have 
 been the fourth and youngest son of William Brooke lord Cob- 
 ham, K.G., and to have been "born at Cobham in Kent 17th 
 
 and 360. 
 
Notes Literary and Biographical. 337 
 
 April 1568." When only twelve years of age "he was matricu- 
 lated as a fellow-commoner of King's college in May 1580, and 
 created M.A. 1586." He was mixed up with the supposed plot 
 of sir Walter Raleigh, Henry lord Cobham &c, against James I. 
 and his children, and was beheaded at Winchester December 5th Betham'sBaron- 
 
 * etage, vol. u. 
 
 1603. A sir William Brooke, knight of the honourable Order of p- ,2 s 
 the Bath, was son to this George Brooke. 
 
 Camden mentions a sir Robert Brooke, of Suffolk, who was 
 lord chief justice of common pleas in 1554 and died in 1558, and 
 George Brooke may have been of his family. 
 
 The Whitneys and the Brookes of Cheshire intermarried. 
 Geffrey Whitney's brother was named Brooke, and we may 
 therefore consider if it is not from Cheshire rather than from 
 Kent that the patron of this emblem is to be sought, especially 
 as lord Cobham's youngest son was only eighteen years of age 
 when the Choice of Emblemes was published. 
 
 Adam, lord of Leighton, near Nantwich. in the reign of king sjrP Leycestei's 
 
 ' fc> ' > fc> S> Historical Anti- 
 
 John, was the common ancestor of the Brookes of Cheshire. His <i uities > p ? z6 - 
 son took the name William DE LA Brooke of Leighton, 33 
 Henry III.; for "under the said Manour-House in LeigJiton a 
 Brook runneth,* from whence their Posterity assumed the Sir- 
 name del Brook." 
 
 The elder branch, the Brookes of Leighton, became extinct in p h 3 e 6 ^ ysons ' 
 the male line in or about the reign of queen Elizabeth ; a 
 younger branch settled at Norton in Cheshire, having purchased 
 lands there from the king, 37 Henry VIII. An. Dom. 1545 ; and 
 from this younger branch are descended the present Brookes of 
 Norton and those of Mere. 
 
 Richard Brook of Norton, the king's feoffee in 1545, was sir? Leycester 
 
 ' 0 and Ormerod, 
 
 sheriff of Cheshire in 1563, and died in 1569; his son Thomas vo >- > p * 01 
 was twice sheriff, 1578 and 1592, and had a son George who was 
 drowned in Warrington water. From relationship and from 
 being of the same age and county this George Brook has some 
 claim to be regarded as the person intended by Whitney. It is 
 however only conjecture. 
 
 * Were it not for this express testimony we should derive the name from the old 
 word, Brock, a badger, especially as a badger was and is the crest of the family. 
 Brocklebank, Brocklehurst, &c, are also names of the, same origin. 
 
33 8 Notes Literary and Biographical. 
 
 Emblem, p. 71. — To Barthram Calthorpe Esquier. The 
 Tymm'sCamden. Calthorpes are a family of old standing in Norfolk, for in 1 241 
 one of them, sir William de Calthorpe, aided in founding a 
 Names^andArms monastery of Whitefriars. Among "the knightes of the carpett 
 1485-1624. ' dubbed by the kinge on tuesday the 22 day of ffebruary" 
 1 547-8 is " sir Philippe Calthorpe ;" and in the reign of queen 
 Elizabeth 1566, "sir Will™ Calthorpe." Barthram Calthorpe 
 would probably be of this family, and brother to Charles Cal- 
 Emb. P . 136. thorpe whom Whitney afterwards mentions, and in connection 
 with whom some other observations on the Calthorpes will be 
 made. 
 
 Emblem, p. 72. — To the very accomplished youths nine brothers 
 the sons of GEORGE BVRGOINE Esquier. That nine brothers 
 should leave no impress as nine upon the history of their age is 
 rather surprising, but as yet they have not been identified. The 
 name has belonged to the county of Bedford for several cen- 
 Tymro'sCamden, turies. There is a tradition, not indeed to be implicitly believed. 
 
 vol. 111. p. 21. ' r j ' 
 
 that the township of Sutton in Bedfordshire was bestowed on 
 Roger Burgoyne by John of Gaunt, " time honour'd Lancaster," 
 in terms as follow : 
 
 " I, John of Gaunt, 
 Do give and do graunt 
 Unto Roger Burgoyne 
 And the heirs of his loyne 
 Both Sutton and Potton 
 Until the world's rotten." 
 
 A Robert Burgoyne' of Sutton, and of Wroxall in Warwick- 
 shire, was high sheriff of the county of Warwick 39 Elizabeth, 
 An. Dom. 1597. There have been ten baronets of Sutton park, 
 of whom the first was erected in 1641. 
 
 Emblem, pp. 86, 87. — To the Reverend man Mr. Alexander 
 Nowell, Dean of Saint Pauls Church, London, famous for 
 learning and for character. The first of the devices here assigned 
 to Dr. Nowell was originally, as Whitney intimates, the standard 
 which in view of death the renowned Saladin ordered to be 
 borne throughout his army : 
 
Notes Literary and Biographical. 
 
 339 
 
 " With trumpet Sounde, and Heralte to declare, 
 Theise wordes alowde : The Kinge of all the Easte 
 Great Saladine, behoulde is stripped bare: 
 Of kingdomes large, and lyes in house of ' claie, 
 And this is all, he bare with him awaie." 
 
 In Symbols divine and human of Pontiffs, Emperors and Kings vol. i. P . 58. 
 this device is figured, as in Whitney, and named, "The Simple 
 Hierograph of Mahometans." It is headed by the lines 
 "Saladin Sultan Ottoman of the Turks 
 Emperor, — of Babylon, Damascus, Egypt King." 
 
 A scroll bears the words, " Restat ex Victore Orientis," What 
 remains of the conqueror of the east. The explanation is added : 
 
 " Of Saladin, who destroyed our kingdom of Jerusalem, thou seest 
 the equipment, even his banner or "standard. For as he was dying he 
 ordered to be proclaimed around, ' Let no one who worthily may stand 
 up in our place, or who may rise in our Commonwealth, grow proud 
 from the prosperity of his affairs.'" 
 
 A work of great research and authority worthily sets forth the 
 biography and labours of this very excellent dean of St. Paul's. 
 It is " The Life of Alexander Nowell," " chiefly compiled 
 from Registers, Letters, and other authentic Evidences. By 
 Ralph Churton, MA." 8vo, Oxford, 1809. We cannot pretend 
 to abridge it, and they who would fully appreciate what a man 
 of worth and learning Nowell was must have recourse to Chur- 
 ton's volume. 
 
 Some few gleanings from other sources may be allowed ; and 
 first from old kind-hearted Isaak Walton, who as a fisherman The complete 
 
 Angler. 
 
 himself had a deep sympathy with Dr. Nowell. He speaks of 
 him as "the good old man (though he was very learned, yet 
 knowing that God leads us not to heaven by many nor by hard 
 questions), like an honest angler, made that good, plain, unper- 
 plexed catechism which is printed with our good old Service 
 Book." 
 
 Next we have the matchless Fuller to be our interpreter, and worthies of 
 
 England, vol. n. 
 
 he tells us, "ALEXANDER NOWELL was born 15 10 of a knightly pp- *°4 and 105. 
 family at Read," in the county of Lancaster, "and at thirteen 
 years of age being admitted into Brazen-nose College in Oxford, 
 studied thirteen years therein. Then he became schoolmaster 
 
34° Notes Literary and Biographical. 
 
 of Westminster. It happened in the first of queen Mary* he 
 was fishing upon the Thames, an exercise wherein he much 
 delighted, insomuch that his picture kept in Brazen-nose College 
 is drawn with his lines, hooks and other tackling, lying in a 
 round on one hand, and his angles of several sorts on the other. 
 But, whilst Nowell was catching of fishes, Bonner was catching 
 of Nowell ; and understanding who he was, designed him to the 
 shambles, whither he had certainly been sent, had not Mr. Francis 
 Bowyer, then Merchant, afterwards sheriff of London / safely con- 
 veyed him beyond seas." 
 
 " Without offence it may be remembered, that leaving a bottle 
 of ale, when fishing, in the grass, he found it some days after, no 
 bottle, but a gun, such the sound at the opening thereof: and 
 this is believed (casualty is mother of more inventions than 
 industry) the original of bottled ale in England." 
 
 " Returning the first year of queen Elizabeth, he was made 
 dean of St. Paul's ; and for his meek spirit, deep learning, pru- 
 dence and piety, the then parliament and convocation both chose 
 enjoined and trusted him to be the man to make a catechism for 
 public use, such a one as should stand as a rule for faith and 
 manners to their posterity." 
 
 " He was confessor to queen Elizabeth, constantly preaching 
 the first and last Lent sermons before her. He gave two hundred 
 pounds per annum to maintain thirteen scholars in Brazen-nose 
 College. He died, being ninety years of age, not decayed in 
 sight, February 13, 1601." 
 
 There appear to have been three catechisms which owe their 
 origin to his labour and countenance ; first, the catechism in the 
 Book of Common Prayer ; second, " A Catechisme or Institution 
 of Christian Religion to bee learn'd of all youth next after the 
 little Catechisme appointed in the booke of common Prayer," 
 
 * Bishop Burnet testifies that Nowell was elected to serve in the first parliament 
 under queen Mary in 1553. On the second day of the session there was a debate, 
 "whether he, being a prebendary of Westminster, could sit in the House? and the 
 committee being appointed to search for precedents, it was reported, that he, being 
 represented in the convocation house, could not be a member of that House, so he 
 was cast out." The portrait, as described by Fuller, still exists at Brazen-nose. The 
 engraving in Churton's Life of Nowell bears the inscription "Alexander Nowell D.D. 
 Dean of St. Paul's Ob. Feb. 1601/2 An Mt 95 Piscator Hominum." 
 
Notes Literary and Biographical. 
 
 34i 
 
 London, "with the grace and privilege of the queen's majesty, 
 
 Anno 1572;" and third, " KATHXIZM02, V -rrpwr-q iraiUva^ 
 
 TTj'i %pL<TThav£)V €iae fieias, rfj EXXrjimv, /cdi ry Pcofxatcov SioXckto) 
 
 eicSodeicra. Catechismus Grsece et Latine explicata." London, 
 
 An. Dom. 1573. This catechism was translated into Greek by 
 
 William Whittaker,* and dedicated to sir William Cecil. The 
 
 catechism in Latin was written some years before it was printed, 
 
 as appears from the Calendar of State Papers, 1 547-1 580 ; " June Domestic Series, 
 
 16, 1570. Alexander Nowell, dean of St. Paul's, to sir W m Cecil. 
 
 The Latin catechism which he wrote about seven years since, 
 
 and dedicated to him, is now at lengthe printed, by Appointment 
 
 of the Archbishops of Canterbury and York." 
 
 Dr. William Cleaver, bishop of Chester from 1788 to 1799, re- 
 published, with notes, dean Nowell's " Prima Institutio Discip- 
 linceque Pietatis Christiana" and appointed to be used in his 
 diocese by candidates in theology. 
 
 There is an engraving of Dr. Nowell in Holland's Horoologia ; 
 
 and an excellent account of him in Bliss's edition of Wood's v °>- >■ pp 7»s- 
 
 719. 
 
 Athena Oxonienses. See also Chalmer's Gen. Biog. Diet. vol. 
 xxiii. pp. 224-265. 
 
 Emblem, p. 93. — To my sister M, D. Colley. Generally in the 
 biographical notices I have passed over the several members of 
 the Whitney family, because they are treated of in the Introduc- p h x X xv I ,Scct 11 
 tory Dissertation. This name Colley however is suggestive of 
 the fact that in Elizabeth's reign it was borne by the ancestors 
 of the now world-wide celebrated Wellesley family. Sir Henry 
 Colley was knighted in 1560, and his second son, also sir Henry, 
 in 1576. "Cowley (or Colley as it has been more generally pg^'^f^'j 1 ^ 
 spelt) is well known to have been the original name of the family l82ii > p { - '• p s 
 of Wellesley or Wesley. The latter name was assumed by the 
 first lord Mornington." These Colleys were of English origin, ^.^-jf^: 
 at one time possessing " large property in Rutland." In Betham's 
 Baronetage are named a Roger Colley and a Thomas Colley. j£ jjj- p- \* 
 
 * His father married a sister of dean Nowell's, and from that stock, through Churton's Life 
 
 William's elder brother Robert, descended doctor Whitaker the historian, and from Gent. Magazine, 
 
 1809 until his death in 1821 vicar of Whalley in Lancashire. Of William Whitaker, l8l0 > P l - '■ PP- 
 
 J 25 and 215. 
 
 who died in 1595, bishop Hull said: "Never a man saw him without reverence, or 
 heard him without wonder." 
 
34 2 Notes Literary and Biographical. 
 
 Gent. Magazine The earliest notice in Ormerod of Cheshire Colleys is in the 
 
 1822, pt. a. p. 416. _ J 
 
 time of Charles II., when the township of Church-en-Heath, or 
 Churton, "was purchased by Mr. Colley, a nonconformist minis- 
 SeeaisoTbe^ ter, ancestor of Mr. Colley, the present proprietor of this little 
 township, which contains only 120 statute acres, forming one 
 farm." 
 
 It is however known that the Colleys were settled at Eccles- 
 ton, near Chester, in the time of the civil war, and that of this 
 family Whitney's sister was a member. Dr. Davies, a physician, 
 now of the Whitefriars, Chester, is descended from M. D. Colley, 
 and possesses a "safe conduct," granted December 1, 1643, to his 
 A°rch n &c°s t oc1ety ances to r > Mr. William Colley of Eccleston, by Arthur lord Capel, 
 of Chester vol. ii. j n w hich the "Lieutenant Generall of the fforces" charges all 
 
 pp. 273 and 309. o 
 
 under his command " not to doe nor willingly permit or suffer to 
 bee done any hurt, vyolence, damage, plunder, or detriment 
 whatsoever unto the person, house, family, goods, chattels or 
 estate of William Colley, of Eccleston in the Countie of Che- 
 shire, gentleman." There were too Colleys of Audlem, for in 
 the register of Acton church, the parish church of the Whitneys, 
 under the date 1659, is the entry, "Thomas Colley of Audlem 
 and Elizabeth Harrison of Poole were married 18 th July," and 
 1662, "Samuell Colley & Maria Venables Sept r 15." 
 
 Emblem, p. 95. — "De Imddo et Auaro, iocosum," Of the envi- 
 ous and the greedy : a tale. This tale, as Whitney states in his 
 margin, is from the epistles, i.e. "The Golden Epistles " of Guevara. 
 Antony De Guevara was a Spaniard, bishop of Guadix in Gra- 
 nada, and known as the historiographer of the emperor Charles 
 V., and for his " Dial of Princes, or the Life of M. A. Antonius." 
 He was the author of several other works ; among which are 
 "The Golden Epistles," of which there was a translation into 
 Italian — " Delle Letter e Dell' ill re Signore Don Antonio Di Gue- 
 vara, &c. Nuouamente tradotto dal S. Alfonso Ulloa. In Venetia, 
 M.D.LXXV. Appresse gli Heredi di Vincenzo Valgrisi," 4to, — in 
 four books or volumes, containing respectively 230, 270, 181 and 
 187 pages. Guevara died in 1544 
 
 Emblem, p. 96. — To the very accomplished Mr. Peter 
 Athens Cantab. WlTHiPOLE. The Coopers supply the following notice : " PETER 
 
 vol. ii. p. 13. 
 
Notes Literary and Biographical. 343 
 
 WlTHYPOLL, son of a person residing at Ipswich, was educated 
 in Trinity hall, where he was admitted a fellow 1st June 1572, 
 proceeding LL.B. 1579. He was commissary of the bishop 
 of Norwich for the archdeaconry of Suffolk 1580, and vacated 
 his fellowship at Trinity hall on or shortly before 25th Feb- 
 ruary 1582-3, and his commissaryship in 1586." Blomefield n<^^toL8L 
 mentions " Sir William Wythypole of Christ Church in Ipswich p- '78. 
 in Suffolk descended from Robert Wythypole of Wythypole in 
 Shropshire." 
 
 Hadrian Junius by no means gives so complete a play upon ^J™^ lix 
 the words as Whitney does, but very tamely says, " Petram 
 imitare iuuentus," Youth imitate the rock, and thus addresses his 
 son Peter : " En tibi quas, fill, geniturce consecro testes Ceras, auc- 
 turas nomina amicitice" " Behold what tablets as witnesses of 
 thy natal hour I consecrate to thee, my son, which shall increase 
 the renown of friendship." The stanzas of Junius may here be 
 compared with those of Whitney : 
 
 " Sperne voluptates, iuuenis, constanter; vt iras 
 
 Ventorum, assnltusque maris Marpesice cautes. 
 
 Nate, tno lepide ludens in nomine, dictas 
 
 Symbolico elogio, tu, Petram imitare Iuuentus ." 
 
 Emblem, p. 97. — To his old friend Mr. George Salmon, 
 who escaped from Rome at the great peril of life. As a Cheshire 
 name Salmon boasts a considerable antiquity and a curious 
 origin. It is the name of a Norman proprietor, Robert Salmon, Ormerod's 
 
 Cheshire, 
 
 who "remitted and quit-claimed" to Randle Blundeville, earl vol.;;;. p.? 5 6 
 of Chester (anno 1181-1232) "all the lands which his father 
 held in Normandy," and received in exchange the township of 
 Lower Withington, near Macclesfield, and in addition " xx s rent 
 out of the mills of Macclesfield." * Robert's daughter Mary was 
 married to Roger de Davenport. 
 
 * Ormerod adds in a note: "There is no regular descent of the Salmons in the See also The 
 Cheshire collections, but their name occurs from a very early period among the mar- ^5 y n , s ,' ^ } 6 **% t 
 riages given in pedigrees of the families in the neighbourhood of Nantwich, and many and 831. 
 respectable branches are yet in existence which, in all probability, derive their origin 
 from this source." The Lysons name Mrs. Dighton Salmon, Messrs. Salmon, Mar- 
 garet Salmon, the Rev. Richard Lowndes Salmon, &c. ; and an obituary, "George Gent. Magazine, 
 Salmon Esq. of Nantwich, formerly Governor of Fort Marlborough in the East l8 4 8 > Pt-"- P-554- 
 Indies." 
 
 P 
 
344 
 
 Notes Literary and Biographical. 
 
 British Museum The Visitation of Cheshire, 1580, names a William Salmon 
 
 MS. 1414, I'lut. i n 1 
 
 ivi. 1. among the freeholders in Nantwich hundred ; and the occurrence 
 
 of the name renders it probable that Whitney's old friend was 
 Cheshire S voi iii fr° m ^ e same neighbourhood with himself. He was probably 
 P:Mi- rector of Baddiley, near Nantwich, for on the list of rectors for 
 
 that parish occurs the entry: "1605, 13 Ap. George Salmon," 
 the patron, " Edmund Mainwaring." 
 
 In queen Mary's reign, on the accession of a new pope in 
 1555, the populace in Rome broke open the prisons of the inqui- 
 sition, and set free the prisoners. Among the captives thus 
 liberated were sir Thomas Wilson and Craig the Scottish re- 
 former, who protested against the marriage of Mary and Bothwell 
 in 1567. Might it not be that on occasion of the above named 
 tumult George Salmon also escaped from Rome at the extreme 
 peril of his life ? 
 
 Emblem, p. 98. — " Stultitia sua seipsum saginari," To glut 
 Plate xxvii. one's self on one's own foolishness. This fable is translated from 
 one of the fables of Gabriel Faerni, and should be compared 
 with it. 
 
 Ath. Cantab, 
 vol. ii. pp. 96 
 and 97. 
 
 Edit. Antv. 1564, 
 P- '77. 
 
 EMBLEM, p. 100* — To the very learned youths Edm. Freake 
 and Anth. Alcock. The father of one of these youths was 
 Edmund Freake, born in Essex about 15 16, and successively 
 bishop of Rochester 1571, of Norwich 1575, and of Worcester 
 1584, dying in 1590. His widow Cecily died full of days 15th 
 July 1599. The bishop left three children, John, archdeacon of 
 Norwich, born about 1545 ; Edmund, noticed here by Whitney ; 
 
 Compare Whitney's version with the original in Sambucus : 
 
 CvNCTIS Deus creauit 
 Qucecunqiie terra, et vndis, 
 Signum dedit, pateret 
 Natura singiilorum vt. 
 Latratibus canis sic 
 Suce indicem dat irtz 
 Taurus monet furorem 
 Quod cornuis petendo 
 L<zdat, venena caudis 
 Serpens gerit, timendus 
 Et scorpius cauetur. 
 Est nuda /reus, sed index 
 
 Mortalibus negatus, 
 Vt nosse qieis bonus sit 
 Nequeas, tibi a maloque 
 Dum tempus est cat/ere. 
 Dextra tenet tabellam 
 Rasam, notis nec vllis 
 Insignem, amictts vt sit 
 Qualis tuus colis quern 
 Tot sedulus per annos. 
 Scribas mihi potes si, 
 Num Candida, dolo ne 
 Tecum egit, at recusas. 
 
Notes Literary and Biographical. 
 
 345 
 
 and " Martha, wife of Nathaniel Cole, sometime senior fellow of 
 Trinity college." There were persons of the same name " of Norfo e ik eI voi. w. 
 good repute in Somersetshire." Ralph Freake, esq., " was for p - 482 ' 
 many years auditor of the treasury in the reigns of King Henry 
 VIII. and Queen Elizabeth, and died worth upwards of one 
 hundred thousand pounds." His first son, sir Thomas Freake, 
 was ancestor of the Freakes of Dorsetshire, and his second son, 
 William, of the Freakes of Hampshire. 
 
 There were Alcocks of Cheshire and of Yorkshire, but I have 
 not been fortunate enough to identify the very learned youth 
 Anthony Alcock. 
 
 Emblem, p. 101. — To the accomplished Mr. Ellis Gryphith. 
 A name to be left undetermined. Were it allowed, from the 
 transmission or repetition of the prsenomen Ellis, to conclude 
 that the Gryphith mentioned was of the same family as that 
 which once bore both the names, we might decide to what stock 
 this Ellis Gryphith should be assigned. We should then say Ormerod's ^ 
 that he was a Cheshire man of a Welsh origin, probably the p. 168. 
 Matthew Ellis, or Ellis Gryphith, of Overlegh, near Chester, 
 gentleman, who died 31st July 161 3. He was grandson to 
 Matthew Ellis, one of the gentlemen of the body guard to king 
 Henry VIII., the son of Ellis ap Dio, ap Griffith, lineally de- Lyl 0 a n rp P h 6z8 
 scended from Tudor Trevor earl of Hereford. 696 and 370. 
 
 EMBLEM, p. 103. — To Mr. Peter COLVIUS, of Bruges. Several Bio^UmverseUe, 
 learned men of Holland and the Netherlands have borne the 
 name of Colvius, as Andrew Colvius, born at Dordrecht in 1549. 
 Peter Colvius, whom Whitney addresses, was born at Bruges in ^^\£\,tf~ 
 1567, and killed by a blow from a mule at Paris in 1594. His i6 3 , 8 ' pp ' ' 59_ 
 untimely fate was much lamented, and Dousa deplored it in an 
 epitaph of considerable elegance, beginning with 
 
 " Colvius hie situs est, Flandris generatus Athenis, 
 Illecebris pessum quem dedit aula suis," 
 " Colvius here lies buried, born in the Athens of Flanders, 
 Whom by its allurements the court gave to perdition f 
 
 but ending with a punning allusion both to his editing the Golden 
 Ass of Apuleius and to the manner of his death : 
 
346 Notes Literary and Biographical. 
 
 " I nunc Luci Asino nativum redde nitorem, 
 Nata asino rumpat ut tibi mula caput," 
 " Go now to Lucius Asinus the native splendor restore, 
 As a mule born from an Ass broke in pieces thy head." 
 
 For one so young he distinguished himself among the scholars 
 of the sixteenth century. We owe to him, at Leyden in 1588, 
 " Ex officina Plantiniana Apud Franciscum Raphelengium" an 
 edition of all the works of APULEIUS, of Madaura, in Africa ; 
 an 8vo volume of 431 pages. He added to it from the same 
 press and in the same year abundant notes, occupying 294 
 pages, to which are appended 38 elegiac verses by Janus Dousa 
 the younger. Oudendorp and Ruhnken reprinted these notes at 
 Leyden in 1786. The learned notes on Sidonius Apollinaris, 
 published at Paris in 1598, were also written by Colvius. Of his 
 Latin poetry, which he cultivated with some success, besides the 
 Page [18]. ode to Whitney, there are specimens in the Delitiae C. Poetarvm 
 Francofvrt;, Belgicorvm : but the choice of words is occasionally incorrect. 
 
 m.dcxiv., torn. 1. 0 J 
 
 pp. 798-983. Jocher says he passed the year 1591 as a common soldier at 
 Gelehrten the siege of Rouen, and was killed in his twenty-seventh year at 
 
 Lexicon, i. col. ._ 
 
 2027. Pans. 
 
 Of the ode by Colvius, on the emblems of Geffrey Whitney, 
 ix. an English version is given in the Introductory Dissertation. 
 
 " Stems vno capit omnia puncto." 
 
Notes Literary and Biographical. 347 
 
 SECTION II. — Containing Part II. from page 105 
 
 TO THE END, PAGE 230. 
 
 OKED together as are the two parts of 
 Whitney's Emblems in one continuous vo- 
 lume, no real necessity for separating them 
 exists, but it is of some advantage to have 
 a break in a long series of notes, and there- 
 fore we follow the division which the author 
 himself adopted. There is no essential dif- 
 ference between the first and second parts, except it be that 
 more references are made in the latter to the celebrated men of 
 classical antiquity. 
 
 Emblem, p. 106. — "In Praise of the two noble Earles, War- 
 WICKE and LEYCESTER." The badge of both earls is the bear 
 and ragged staff, and therefore the allusion which Whitney 
 makes to " Two Beares, — the greater, and the lesse" is appro- 
 priate to 
 
 " Two noble peeres, who both doe gine the beare, 
 Two famous Earles, whose praises pierce the skye." 
 
 We have already given a sketch of the life and character See Page 3 f 5. 
 of one of the brothers, Robert Dudley, earl of Leicester, and 
 rejoice that a much brighter picture may be given of his elder 
 brother, Ambrose Dudley, earl of Warwick. The chivalry, the 
 courtesy, the honour and the love of literature which distin- 
 guished the Sidneys, father and son, sir Henry and sir Philip, also 
 eminently belonged to him. The respective qualities of the two 
 brothers are very quaintly but very forcibly and truly drawn by 
 our old friend Thomas Fuller : " John Dudley, duke of Northum- Worthies, voi. iii. 
 berland, left two sons who succeeded to great honour ; Ambrose P 54 
 earl of Warwick, heir to all that was good, and Robert earl of 
 Leycester, heir to all that was great in their father." 
 
 There is so excellent a memoir of the " good earl" by the Ath. Cantab. 
 Coopers of Cambridge, that were their work as widely known V ° " PP 7 ° 
 and as accessible as it deserves to be, we should simply refer to 
 its pages ; but a brief account is required here. Ambrose was 
 the fourth son, born about the year 1530, and knighted in 1549. 
 
348 
 
 Notes Literary and Biographical. 
 
 He maintained a high place in king Edward's regards, but with 
 the fortunes of his father and brother his own declined at the 
 beginning of Mary's reign; in 1557 however he accompanied king 
 Philip into Picardy, and in consideration of his faithful services 
 his family was restored in blood. On Elizabeth's accession he 
 early became one of the most distinguished at her court, and 
 was created first baron L'Isle and then earl of Warwick, in 1562. 
 The queen having determined to assist the Huguenots, Ambrose 
 Dudley led the English forces, and received a severe and life- 
 long troublesome wound at the siege of New-haven, or as now 
 named Havre de Grace. He filled many high offices, and had 
 many honours conferred upon him, but never joined in the in- 
 cjuto^sGea- trigues of this busy reign. One historian says of him, "he was a 
 p- 4°5- man of great sweetness of temper and of unexceptionable cha- 
 
 racter, so that he was beloved by all parties and hated by none." 
 
 The wound which he had received in 1 562 occasioned him at 
 times great pain and inconvenience, and he died from the effects 
 of amputation February 2 1st 1589-90, and a splendid tomb was 
 erected over him in Our Lady's chapel at Warwick. He was 
 married three times, but left no child. His portrait and the por- 
 traits of his father and of his brother Robert are at Knole, near 
 Sevenoaks, Kent ; his portrait is also at Woburn abbey and Hat- 
 field house.* Many of his original letters exist, and sir Henry 
 Original Letters Ellis gives one, entitled, " Ambrose Earle of Warwick's Experi- 
 
 of Eminent Men, ° ' ' r 
 
 p 55- ence of Archers, penned with his owne hand." 
 
 For particulars respecting him Bliss's edition of A thence Ox- 
 onienses may be consulted, and Fasti Oxonienses, 1566; also 
 Chalmers's General Biography, London, 181 3, vol. xii. p. 405. 
 
 Emblem, p. 115. — Fortiter et feliciter. This device, which 
 Whitney assigns to the Roman Marcus Sergius, properly 
 symb. Div. et belongs to the dukes of Milan. With the motto, " ESTE DUCES," 
 
 Hum. vol. 111. 0 
 
 p- x 9- Be ye leaders, it was borne by John Galeas Sforza, who in some 
 
 accounts is named the sixth duke.f 
 
 Emblem, p. 1 19. — "Ex dam.no alterius, alterius vtilitas" From 
 
 * Also in Holland's Heroologia. 
 Dialogue, p. 36, f The duke Francis Sforza, according to Paolo Giovio, adopted for his device a 
 a Lyon, 1561. g re y] 10 und seated under a pine-tree, yet on the watch, with the expressive motto, 
 
 "QVIETVM NEMO IMPVNE LACESSET." 
 
Notes Literary and Biographical. 
 
 349 
 
 loss of one, the advantage of another. The George Sabine, 
 to whom Whitney refers, was a Latin poet and man of learning 
 in the sixteenth century. His principal poems are "Res Gestce 
 Ccesarum Romanorum" Exploits of the Roman emperors. He 
 was born in Brandenburg in 1508, and died in Italy in 1560. 
 His wife was Melancthon's eldest daughter. 
 
 Emblem, p. 120. — To the very reverend Dr. William Chat- 
 
 TERTON Bishop of Chester. In reference to the device here 
 
 given it may be mentioned that John Alcock, bishop of Ely, 
 
 rejoicing probably in his name, published in 1498 a work in 4to, 
 
 which bears the whimsical and punning title, " Galli Cantus 
 
 Johannis A Icock episcopi Eliensis ad fratros suos," The crowing of 
 
 the cock to his brethren. At the beginning is a print of the 
 
 bishop preaching to his clergy, with a cock on each side ; there 
 
 is also a cock on the first page.* 
 
 In modern times there has been written an " Alectrophonia G 0 ent Magazine, 
 
 x 1042, pt.n. P.27Z 
 
 Ecclesiastica" or " The weathercock's Homily from the Church 
 Steeple," but not to be compared to Whitney's, either for force 
 of expression or for the quaint beauty of the sentiments. The 
 opening lines however have considerable excellence : 
 " The mimic Cock, that crests yon hallow'd spire, 
 
 What means he ? well the churchman may inquire. 
 
 Deem not our pious ancestors would dare 
 
 Exalt a bauble on the House of Prayer ! 
 
 If right we listen to the mystic bird, 
 
 1 Wake to Repentance,' is his watch-note heard, 
 
 ' Repent !' within those walls the preacher cries ; 
 
 1 Repent !' the shrill-voic'd herald still replies, — 
 
 Perch'd high, and seen afar, that all may view 
 
 How free the general call, and hear it too." 
 
 Bishop Chatterton's name is usually written Chaderton, but 
 
 the Cheshire historians scarcely touch on the origin of his family, 
 
 which must be learned from other sources. Fuller supplies a worthies, vol. i 
 
 p. 269. 
 
 brief notice: "William Chaderton, D.D. Here I solemnly 
 
 * The Italian emblematist Lodovico Dominichi adopted a watchdog, rather than Ragionamento, 
 the cock, as the symbol of vigilance and guardianship over the churches of Christ, Venice, 1556.^' 
 and gave the motto " A r ou dormil qvi cvstodil" which will be mentioned again in the 
 Addenda. 
 
Notes Literary and Biographical. 
 
 Gent. Magazine, 
 1854, pt.ii. p. 588. 
 
 Notes and 
 Queries, vol. vi. 
 p. 273. 
 
 Historical 
 Antiquities, 
 p. 187. 
 
 BethamV 
 Baronetage; 
 vol. ii. p. 335. 
 
 tender deserved thanks to my manuscript author, charitably 
 guiding me in the dark, assuring that this doctor was ' ex prse- 
 claro Chadertonorum Cestrensis comitates stemmate prognatus' 
 (descended from the famous stem of Chadertons of the county 
 of Chester). And although this doubtful direction doth not 
 cleave the pen, it doth not hit the white ; so that his nativity 
 may with most probability (not prejudicing the right of Lanca- 
 shire when produced) here be fixed. He was bred first fellow, 
 then master of Queen's, and never of Magdalen College in Cam- 
 bridge (as the Reverend Bishop Godwin mistaketh), and chosen 
 first the Lady Margaret's, then the King's professor in divinity ; 
 and doctor Whitacre succeeded him immediately in his chair. 
 He was, anno 1579, made bishop of Chester, then of Lincoln 
 1 594 ; demeaning himself in both to his great commendation. 
 He departed this life in April 1608." 
 
 An authority in every way competent, the Rev. F. R. Raines, 
 of Milnrow parsonage, Rochdale, decides against Fuller's " ma- 
 nuscript author," thus : " There is little if any doubt that William 
 Chaderton, Bishop of Lincoln, and Lawrence Chaderton, Master 
 of Emanuel college, Cambridge, were of one family." " In 1605 
 there were only two families of heraldic rank of this name in 
 Lancashire, represented by George Chaderton of Lees in Old- 
 ham, and Edmund Chaderton of Nuthurst in Manchester, the 
 former the brother of Dr. Lawrence Chaderton and the latter 
 the great-nephew of the Bishop of Lincoln. The precise degree 
 of relationship between Dr. Lawrence Chaderton and the Bishop 
 has not been discovered ; but they are presumed to have been 
 descended, one in the third and the other in the fourth degree, 
 from the two sons of Edmund Chaderton of the Lees, living 
 there in 1428, the Bishop being of the younger branch," 
 
 The pedigree of bishop Chaderton's branch generally agrees 
 with sir Peter Leycester's statement that "he had onely one 
 Daughter and Heir, called Jone, the first Wife of Sir Richard- 
 Brooke of Norton in Cheshire /" and that their only daughter and 
 heiress Mary, or Elizabeth, for this is uncertain, was married to 
 Torrell Jocelyne esq., of Essex or Cambridgeshire, of which mar- 
 riage also the only issue was a daughter Theodora. 
 
 To this Theodora was addressed that beautiful little book, 
 beautiful for its spirit of deep love and devotion, " The Mother's 
 
Notes Literary and Biographical. 351 
 
 Legacy to her Unborn Child!' With a sad presentiment it had 
 been written; the daughter was born October 12th 1622, and 
 the mother having thanked God that she had lived to see her 
 child a Christian, in a few days, as the appendix to the work 
 recites, " ended her Prayers, Speech and Life together, rendring MothersLegacy, 
 
 J r ° ° Appendix, p. 19. 
 
 her Soul into the Hand of her Redeemer." 
 
 The bishop was a man of earnest mind and had a leaning towards 
 puritanism in religion ; to him Whitney's lines were very appro- 
 priate, for he was " arm'de with learning, and with life." During 
 his abode in Cambridge he and Dr. Andrews, afterwaids bishop 
 of Ely, and Mr. Knewstubb, to whom Whitney devotes an em- Emb. p. zzj. 
 blem, and others united in the observance of weekly meetings 
 for conference upon Scripture ; and thus by nearly two centuries 
 anticipated the small association of students formed by Charles 
 Wesley in Oxford for setting apart Sunday evenings to the read- 
 ing of divinity.* 
 
 King's Vale Royal gives two instances of the bishop's wit or chronkon 
 humour, of which one brought on him a severe rebuke. " This p. e 44. ense ' 
 Doctor, while at Cambridge preacht a Wedding-Sermon, and 
 used therein this merry Comparison : The choice of a Wife (said 
 he) is full of hazard, not unlike to a man groping for one Fish in 
 a barrel full of Serpents : if he scape harm of the Snakes, and 
 light on the Fish, he may be thought fortunate, yet let him not 
 boast, for perhaps it may be but an Eele." 
 
 Again, it is recorded : "He preached the Funeral Sermon of 
 Henry Stanley, Earl of Derby, at Orms-Church in Lancashire, An. 
 1593 ; wherein having given large commendations of the deceased 
 person, turned his Speech to Ferdinando the then present Earl. 
 You (said he) noble Earl, that not onely inherit, but exceed 
 your Father's virtues, learn to keep the love of your Countrey, 
 as your Father did. -You give in your Arms three Legs,f signi- 
 
 * From information, furnished by the Rev. R. Brook Aspland. 
 
 t Arms very similar to those of the lords of Man were borne by the Signor Count Ragionamento, 
 Battista da Lodrone, who died at the taking of Casale in Monferrato. Lodovico Ven,ce > 'SS 6 > 
 Domenichi says that his special device was a caltrop, or tribulus, a ball armed with 
 three projecting points of iron, one of which remains upright however the ball be 
 thrown; the motto is, In utraque fortitna, Good luck on every side. So the motto to 
 the Legs of Man, Quocunque jacebis, stabit, Whichever way you cast, it will stand, has 
 the like meaning. 
 
3 5 2 Notes L iterary and Biographical. 
 
 Vol. ii. pp. 481 
 and 48 j. 
 
 Vol.i. bk.vi. 8. 
 
 Vol. ii . pp. 3 56- 
 360. 
 
 fying three Shires, Cheshire, Derbyshire, and Lancashire: stand 
 fast on these three Legs, and you shall need fear none of their 
 Arms. At which, the Earl somewhat moved, said in a heat, and 
 sinfully sealed it with an Oath, This Priest, I believe, hopes one 
 day, to make him three Courtesies ;" i.e. three bendings of the 
 knees on being appointed by the queen to higher dignities. 
 
 A more connected view of bishop Chaderton's life and cha- 
 racter may be gathered from the Athence Cantabrigienses, where 
 a list of his works is given, and his portrait and arms noticed. A 
 considerable number of his letters are contained in Peck's Desi- 
 derata Curiosa. 
 
 In 1568 William Chaderton was appointed chaplain to the 
 earl of Leicester, and there is' a curious letter from the earl to his 
 chaplain when the latter requested advice as to his own marriage. 
 Baines's History of Lancashire may be consulted for many parti- 
 culars respecting him. 
 
 Plate XXXIII. 
 
 Foss's Judges of 
 England, vol. v. 
 pp. 407, 409 and 
 421. 
 
 Betham's 
 Baronetage, 
 vol. i. p. 16. 
 
 Blomefield's 
 Norfolk, vol. i. 
 p. 718. 
 
 Vol. i. p. 186. 
 Vol. ii. p. 124. 
 
 EMBLEM, pp. 121, 122. — To the very honourable FRANCIS 
 Windham, and Edward Flowerdewe, most upright judges. 
 
 In 1579 Francis Windham was appointed one of the justices 
 of the common pleas, and Edward Flowerdewe in 1584 one of 
 the barons of the exchequer. 
 
 Sir Francis Windham, knt, married Jane, one of the daughters 
 of sir Nicholas Bacon, lord keeper of the great seal in Elizabeth's 
 reign, and thus was closely allied to the great philosophical 
 writer, Francis Bacon, viscount St. Albans. The name has its 
 origin, like so many others, from the possessions and residence of 
 the family, whose estates were principally in Norfolk, and who in 
 later times have been associated chiefly with Felbrigge, a portion 
 of their property. The township name or the parish name and 
 the family name were one, though variously written, as Win- 
 muntham, Wimundhan, Wimondham, and Windham or Wynd- 
 ham. In 1466 John Windham, the father, settled the manor of 
 Banningham on John his son and Margaret, daughter of sir John 
 Hoivard, knt., and their issue, from which time it has passed 
 with Felbrigge. 
 
 Palmer's Manship's Yarmouth gives some account of Francis 
 Wyndham ; but a much more complete biography is to be found 
 in the A thence Cantabrigienses, from which it appears that he was 
 
Notes Literary and Biographical. 353 
 
 the second son of sir Edmund Wyndham, of Felbrigg in Nor- 
 folk, represented his native county in parliament in 1572, and 
 after filling several offices of importance, died at Norwich in 
 July 1592. 
 
 Edward Flowerdewe succeeded to J. Clench as -third baron of Foss's judges, 
 
 vol. v. p. 486. 
 
 the exchequer October 23rd, 1584. He was one of the sons of 
 John Flowerdew, esq., a large landed proprietor of Hethersett 
 in Norfolk, entered at Cambridge without taking a degree, and 
 was admitted a member of the Inner Temple October nth 1552, 
 and was very successful in his profession. His reputation as a 
 lawyer is attested, as was that of lord keeper Egerton, by several BiomefieWs 
 
 J , Norfolk, vol. i. 
 
 annuities which his grateful clients, as Thomas Grimesdiche, pw. ™l v. 
 
 & ' 'p. 8}i. 
 
 Simon Harecourt, and sir Thomas Gresham, granted to him by 
 
 way of rent charge on their estates " for his good and faithful 
 
 counsel and advice." From Flowerdewe's friendship for Whitney 
 
 we may mention that he was counsel to the town of Great Yar- Palmer's Man- 
 ship's Great 
 
 mouth in 1 573, was chosen to settle their disputes with the Cinque Yarmouth, vol. a. 
 
 Ports May 1575, and appointed under-steward in 1580. In the list 
 
 of the pic-nic party which visited Scratby island Aug. 2nd 1 580 he 
 
 is named by Whitney, " Edm d Flowerdewe esq 1 Sergeant at law." pi ate 13. 
 
 At one time Whitney appears to have acted as Flowerdewe's 
 
 deputy. Foss records that Flowerdewe was a correspondent of 
 
 Lady Amye Dudley, the Amy Robsart of Scott's Kenilworth. 
 
 Baron Flowerdewe's death was occasioned by the fearfully un- 
 healthy state of Exeter gaol. A letter from Walsyngham to 
 Leicester, nth April 1586, testifies: "Sir Ant. Basset and Sir Correspondence, 
 
 *■ Camden Society, 
 
 Jhon Chichester, and three justices more in Devonshire, are dead p- z + 
 thorrowghe the infectyon of the gaole. Baron Flowerdewe, one 
 of the justyces of that cyrcute, is also dead. The takyng awaye 
 of well affected men in this corrupt tyme sheweth that God is 
 angrye with us." See also Holinshed's Chronicle, vol. iv. p. 868. 
 
 These gatherings by the wayside may be supplemented from 
 the ampler and better arranged stores of the A thence Cantabri- Vol. a. p. j. 
 gienses, or of Palmer's edition of Manshifts History of Great v 0 i. u. pp. 317- 
 Yarmouth, where a short life of the judge is given. 
 
 Emblem, p. 126. — To the very noble and learned J AN DouSA 
 Lord of Noortwiick. 
 
 The poet's badge derives its origin from Egyptian times, when Plate ti. 
 
354 Notes Literary and Biographical. 
 
 "an old man musical" was denoted by the bird fabled to sing 
 the sweetest when power to sing is nearly over* Through the 
 whole course of Greek and Roman literature we find comparisons 
 and illustrations taken from the supposed qualities of the swan, 
 
 w ga i™2z m ?^4 as in ALschylas and Antipater of Sidon ; in Virgil, JEn. vii. 700 ; 
 
 Anth. Gk. 76. Horace, Carm. iv. 2, 25 ; and Ovid, Met. xiv. 430 ; but we will 
 give only one instance in full, lest the lines should be applied, 
 
 " Swans sing before they die ; 'twere no bad thing, 
 Did certain persons die before they sing." 
 
 Fra'ncofur^ifoi We re f er to the conversation of Socrates as recorded by Plato. 
 
 P . 6 4 a. His friends were fearful of causing him trouble and vexation, but 
 
 he reminds them that they should not think him inferior in fore- 
 sight to the swans, for these " fall a singing as soon as they per- 
 ceive that they are about to die, and sing far more sweetly than 
 at any former time, being glad that they are about to go away 
 to the God whose servants they are." 
 
 Both for his attainments and general excellence Whitney's 
 friend deserved to wear this badge of fame. Jan DOUSA, or 
 Van der Does, was a man of highest repute and patriotism in the 
 war which achieved his country's independence. He was lord of 
 Noordwijck, in Holland, a village domain situated between Ley- 
 den and the sea. Here he was born December 6th 1 545- He 
 passed his youth in study, chiefly at Louvain, but spent some 
 time in England and France. In 1565 he married Elizabeth de 
 Zwylen, by whom he had twelve children. Of these four were 
 sons, all illustrious like their father for the love of literature and 
 for worth of character. To estimate these it will be sufficient to 
 
 Hariemi 1838, reac j p Hofmanni Peerlkamp's "Liber De vita, doctrina et faml- 
 
 pp. 202, 178 and 1 ' J 
 
 4 ° 6 - tate Nederlandorum, qui Carmina Latina composuerunt" and the 
 
 Oration of Daniel Heinsius in commemoration of the virtues of 
 the elder Dousa on his death in 1604. 
 
 At the celebrated siege of Leyden in 1574 Jan Dousa devoted 
 himself to his country's cause, and therefore was selected by 
 William the Silent to-be governor of the town and curator of 
 
 Amstelodami, * It is singular that the bulky tome, " Philosophia Imaginum" 8vo, pp. 847, by 
 1685, pp. 619-659. c F _ Menestrerius, contains no reference to the swan. The eagle, the phoenix, the 
 pelican, the ostrich, &c. are very frequently introduced, but Apollo's bird is unnoticed. 
 No less than two hundred symbolical applications of the eagle are numbered and cata- 
 logued, besides seventy specially devoted to the bird of Jove. 
 
Notes Literary and Biographical. 355 
 
 the recently formed university, destined in a very few years to 
 occupy a high station among the seats of learning and science. 
 Van der Does distinguished himself as a philologist, an historian 
 and a poet, as well as a magistrate. 
 
 He was the historian of his native land, and besides wrote very 
 learned notes on Sallust, and critical remarks on Horace, Plautus, 
 Tibullus, &c. Theodore De Bry presents his portrait to us as Plate lv. 
 "poet and orator," and Boissard's brief notice of his character 
 styles him " A man and a hero most worthy of memory as well 
 from the merits of his ancestors as from his own virtues." 
 
 His sons will be named hereafter in the note to Whitney's 
 emblem, p. 206. For other particulars consult Iocher's Allge- Leipsig, 1750. 
 meines Gelehrten Lexicon, vol ii. col. 205 ; also " Biographie Uni- 
 verselle" vol. ii. p. 619. 
 
 Emblem, p. 1 30.— To Sir Hughe Cholmeley Knight. bih cotton. 
 
 ' r ° " Claudius CHI. 
 
 " Of those that were honoured with the order of knighthoode in Plut - xxi - F - *■ 
 the tyme of the triumphant reigne of Kinge Henry the eight," are 
 numbered three Cholmeleys : sir Roger Cholmeley knighted anno 
 Dom. 1536, sir Hugh Cholmeley of Cheshire, and sir Richard 
 Cholmeley of Yorkshire."* These two are styled "Knightes 
 made in Scotlande," " after the destruction of Edenborough and 
 other townes" in the year 1544. 
 
 The knight to whom the emblem of the seven wise men is 
 inscribed receives from Fuller a high meed of praise. " Sir w °g^ ies - vo1 ' '■ 
 Hugh Cholmley, or Cholmondeleigh. This worthy person 
 bought his knighthood in the field at Leigh in Scotland. He 
 was five times high sheriff of this county, i.e. Chester (and some- 
 times of Flintshire), and for many years one of the two sole 
 deputies lieutenants thereof. For a good space he was vice- 
 president of the marches of Wales under the Right Honourable 
 Sir Henry Sidney, knight, I conceive it was during his absence 
 in Ireland. For fifty years together he was esteemed a father of 
 
 * Of the Yorkshire Cholmleys there was also a sir Hugh, distinguished as a royalist 
 under Charles I. See "The Memoirs of sir Hugh Cholmley addressed to his two 
 sons ; in which he gives some account of his family, and the distress they underwent 
 in the civil wars, and how far he himself was engaged in them ; taken from an original 
 manuscript in his own handwriting, now in the possession of Nathaniel Cholmley, of 
 Whitby and Howsham, in the county of York." London, 1787, 4to. 
 
356 Notes Literary and Biographical. 
 
 his country, and dying anno 15 — was buried in the church of 
 Malpasse, under a tomb of alabaster, with great lamentation of 
 all sorts of people, had it not mitigated their mourning, that he 
 left a son of his own name, heir to his virtues and estates." 
 King's vaia l n the main features Fuller borrows his account from Webb's 
 
 Koyal, pt. 11. 
 
 pp. 55 and s 6. Itinerary, but does not speak of sir Hugh Cholmondeley's "ad- 
 mirable gifts of Wisdome, Temperance, Continency, Liberality, 
 Hospitality, and many virtues of his life, and godly departure at 
 his end," nor record the Encomium in his memory which Webb 
 presented to sir Hugh the younger : 
 
 " Then for the last adieu to his pure Soul, 
 Which leaves us gain for loss, and mirth for moan; 
 I wish the Title might his Fame inroll, 
 And be engrav'n with Gold upon his Stone. 
 We have i7tter'd his reverend Body here, 
 That was our Countries Father 50. Year." 
 
 CheSiTe'v j ii From his only surviving son are descended the noble families 
 voMit a pp 7 i98 °f Cholmondeley castle and of Vale Royal, in Cheshire; and 
 from his only daughter Frances, the wife of Thomas Wilbraham, 
 of Woodhey, celebrated by Whitney at p. 199, the excellent 
 Lady Done, of Utkinton, and that branch of the Wilbrahams 
 which finally became merged by the marriages of the coheiresses 
 about 1680, into the families of Middleton, of Chirk castle, and 
 of Lionel Tollemache, lord Huntingtour and earl of Dysart in 
 Scotland. 
 
 Emblem, p. 131. — To Sir Arthure Manwaringe Knight. 
 In the reign of Henry VIII. two "John Maynwaringes," each 
 bearing for crest an ass's head, obtained the honour of knight- 
 hood, one in France in 1513, the other along with William Stan- 
 ley, of Hooton, and John Stanley, of Hondford, natural son of 
 the bishop of Ely, probably in the same year, though not on the 
 same occasion. The first of the sir John Maynwaringes thus 
 knighted was of Over Peover in Cheshire, the second of " Icht- 
 feild" in Shropshire. The fine and very curious ©i)3llWarb5tt 
 jj&attttoarmgtanbm," * compiled by William Dugdale, Norry 
 King of Arms in 1669, and preserved at Over Peover hall, records: 
 
 * This Mainwaring Chartulary begins in the seventh year of William Rufus, a.d. 
 1093. 
 
 Plate XXXIV. 
 
 Bibl. Cotton. 
 Claudius cm. 
 Plut. xxi. F. 
 
 Ormerod, 
 vol. i. p. 373; 
 vol. ii. p. izg; 
 vol. iii. p. 315. 
 
Notes Literary and Biographical. 357 
 
 " Hereafter foloyn the names of the Captayns and pety Captayns 
 w th the Bagges in ther standerts of the Aremy and vantgard of 
 the Kigns Leff tenant enteryng into France the xvi h day of Iune 
 in the fift yere of the Reign of Kyng Henry the Eight. George 
 Erie of Shrouesbury, the Kyngs Leftenant, Thomas Erie of 
 Derby, S r William Perpoynt f and then follows " Sir John 
 Maynwaryng of Eghtfeld, (Shropsh.) bayryth gold a Asse-hed 
 haltered Sabul and a cresscent upon the same : And Rondell 
 Maynwaryng hys pety Captayn. The said S r John made 
 Knyght at Lysk." 
 
 The Mainwarings of Over Peover, of Kermincham, and of Hi . s t° r icai Anti- 
 
 o ' ' quities, p. 334. 
 
 Ightfield, as sir Peter Leycester assures us, were descended from 
 a common ancestor in the reign of Richard II., " Randle Man- 
 waring of Over-Pever Esquire," " stiled commonly Honkyii Man- 
 waring in the Language of those times." " He was a Courtier, 
 stiled Armiger Regis, the King's Servant & Sagittarius de 
 Corona, 21 Rich. 2." 
 
 At a remote period of the Ightfield Mainwarings was Roger (Jent. Magazine, 
 
 r ° ° ° i8zi,pt.i. p. 213. 
 
 Mainwaring, bishop of Hereford, confessor to Henry IV. ; and 
 in later times, 1668, Arthur Mainwaring a poetical and political 
 writer. 
 
 "Sir John Maynweringe of Ichtfeild" was the father of the QaudhTs" 0 "; 
 "Sir Arthure Manwaringe" whom Whitney celebrates, and Plut xxi - F - 4 - 
 whom "the handes of Edward Duke of Somersett Lord Pro- 
 tector" made a knight at Newcastle, October 1st 1547, on the 
 return from the invasion of Scotland, as " Sir Arthure Man- 
 werynge." Sir Arthur married Margaret, the eldest daughter of Chart - Mainwar, 
 sir Randle Manwaring,* of Over Peover, knight. "The Lady 
 Margaret" died in November 1574, and her husband at the end 
 of August 1590. He had been sheriff of Shropshire in 1561 and 
 1575, and had served his native county in parliament in 1558-9. 
 
 A daughter of sir Arthur Mainwaring, Mary, was married to 
 the Richard Cotton of Combermere, to whom, as we have seen, 
 Whitney dedicates two emblems. After a long descent, and after Emb. 65 and 200. 
 
 * This sir Randle died in 1557. His nephew, the second sir Randle, rebuilt the 
 hall of Over Peover in 1585-6, at the very time when The Choice of Emblemes was a 
 printing, and named his eighth child, born May 17th 1585, Arthur, the godfathers 
 being "Sir Arthure Maynwaringe of Ightfelde," and "George Brereton of Ashley 
 Esquier," and "Mystris Anne Tankarde of Burroe-brigge Godmother." 
 
358 Notes Literary and Biographical. 
 
 in fact the old line of the Mainwarings of Over Peover had be- 
 come extinct in 1 797, a Cotton of Combermere, Sophia, daughter 
 of sir Robert S. Cotton, bart., in 1803, became the wife of sir 
 Henry Mainwaring Mainwaring, bart., of the second creation, and 
 thus their son, the present sir Harry Mainwaring, bart., re-enters 
 into the blood of the old line, first through the Mainwarings of 
 Ightfield, and then by a common ancestry in Randle Manwaring 
 Historical Ant i- of the reign of Richard II. Thence sir Peter Leycester traces 
 qu.nes, p. 331. ^ e p e d;g ree ^0 William Manwaring during the reign of Henry 
 III., and sir Thomas Mainwaring, sir Peter's stout opponent, 
 carries up the stream through Roger de Mesnilgarin (one of the 
 old ways of spelling* Mainwaring) to Ranulphus, who held War- 
 mincham and Over Peover &c. in fee from the Conqueror himself. 
 
 The old feudal wars had ceased, but as exciting a contest raged 
 from the year 1673 to 1679 as to Amicia, the daughter of Hugh 
 Cyvelioc, earl of Chester, 1153-1181, and "wife of Raufe Man- 
 waring, sometime judge of Chester," under Henry the Second, 
 and Richard the First. Five hundred years after her birth no 
 less than twelve books issued from the press on behalf of, or 
 against her legitimacy. " Sir Thomas Mainwaring of Peover in 
 Cheshire" claimed her to be in the line of his ancestry, and that 
 she was born in wedlock ; " Sir Peter Leycester, baronet," main- 
 tained the contrary. The whole controversy is summed up 
 chesh^voi ; g reat impartiality by Ormerod. "The essential question" 
 
 pp. 2ss-3*', note. « was long argued with great ability on the part of Sir Peter 
 Leycester, but some of his arguments are ascertained to rest 
 on the authority of incorrect transcripts, and it is probable that 
 few will read the last book of his opponent" " without allowing 
 the victory to Sir T. M. The opinions of the greater part of (if 
 not all) the judges who were consulted, were given in favour of 
 Amicia's legitimacy, and the authorities of the College of Arms 
 have also been in her favour, under the express sanction of Sir 
 William Dugdale." 
 
 piate x. Emblem, p. 132. — To Edwarde Dier Esquier. 
 
 * Between the years 1093 and 1669 there have been established by autographs or 
 valid legal documents one hundred and thirty-one ways of spelling the name; "to 
 which are added," in a paper at Peover hall, "263 other variations," " making toge- 
 ther the Number of 394 Diversifyings thereof." 
 
Notes Literary and Biographical. 359 
 
 In the reign of Elizabeth the name of Dier or Dyer was cele- 
 brated for eminence both in law and in literature. Sir Thomas Names and Arms 
 
 of Knights, lint. 
 
 Dyer and sir Tames Dyer had indeed been knighted at the Bibi cotton. 
 
 J J J o Claudius cm. 
 
 beginning of Edward the Sixth's reign, and sir Richard Dyer, Plut - xxi - F - + 
 son and heir to sir James, was "dubbed 1585 the 4th of Aprill." 
 Sir James is mentioned as "Sergeant at the La we" and speaker 
 of the house of commons in 1552. 
 
 Edward Dyer, so praised by Whitney, a poet and a courtier Emb. p. 1 j j. 
 of the Elizabethan age, was born about 1540, and educated at 
 Oxford. After travelling abroad he obtained considerable cele- 
 brity in Elizabeth's court, and was held in much respect. He 
 was the friend of sir Philip Sidney, and if the little poetical nar- 
 rative on Whitney's 197th page be true, as there is no reason to 
 doubt, Sidney held Dyer in the highest esteem. This too IS Zouch's Memoirs 
 especially evidenced in Sidney's will, in which he bequeathed ° ' dney ' P ' 3 * 4 ' 
 one-half of his books to sir Fulke Greville, and the other half to 
 Mr. Edward Dyer. 
 
 In the emblem to Dyer, designated " The glory of the pen," Emb. P . 196. 
 our Cheshire poet declares his high admiration of Sidney : 
 
 " Wherefore, for to extoll his name in what I might, 
 This Emblem lo, I did present, vnto this woorthie Knight, 
 Who did the same refuse, as not his proper due : 
 And at the first, his sentence was, it did belonge to you." 
 
 " The laurell leafe," Whitney affirms, had been prepared for 
 Dyer ; — for Sidney, 
 
 " The goulden pen ; 
 The honours that the Muses give, vnto the rarest men." 
 
 Sir Edward Dyer, who was knighted in 1596, was several 
 times employed by his sovereign on embassies of importance, 
 particularly to Denmark in 1589. The chancellorship of the 
 order of the garter was conferred upon him, but like most of the 
 courtiers he experienced some of Elizabeth's caprices. He par- 
 took of the credulity of the age, especially with respect to the 
 power of chemistry to transmute the base into the noble metals. 
 
 His death is said not to have taken place until 1610, but an Gent. Magazine, 
 
 r ' 1850, pt. n. p. 369. 
 
 extract from the burial register of St. Saviour's, Southwark, 
 decides the point : " 1607, May 11, S r Edward Dyer, Knight, in 
 the Chancel." 
 
 R 
 
360 Notes Literary and Biographical. 
 
 His name as an English poet will never be forgotten while the 
 QuerLs n voi ii beauty, f° rce an d simplicity are appreciated of the noble stanzas 
 p- ns- ' beginning 
 
 " My mynde to me a kyngdome is, 
 
 Such preasente joyes therein I fynde, 
 That it excells all other blisse, 
 
 That earth affordes or growes by kynde." 
 
 He was the author of certain pastoral odes and madrigals in 
 " England's Helicon," and of other poems both printed and in 
 
 Bliss's Edition, manuscript. The A thence Oxonienses gives an account of these 
 
 vol. i. pp. 740- * a 
 
 743- and of his life. See also Gentleman's Magazine, 1813, p. 525, and 
 
 Chalmers's Gen. Biog. Diet. vol. xii. pp. 543, 534. 
 
 Norfolk 6 vol ii; Emblems, pp. 134, 198. — To Edward Paston Esquier. The 
 p- ' family of the Pastons of Paston, in Norfolk, " is said by most 
 historians to have come into England three years after the con- 
 quest," A.D. 1069. The name is of very frequent occurrence in 
 Vol. Hi. PP . 688- Blomefield's voluminous Norfolk, in which there is a long account 
 of the family. The Edward Paston whom Whitney celebrates 
 appears to have been the grandson of sir William Paston, knt, 
 of Oxnead in Norfolk, who was an eminent barrister and judge, 
 and who, living to a great age, died in 15 54- He had five sons, 
 Erasmus, Henry, John, Clement and Thomas. Clement was a 
 distinguished man under Henry, Edward, Mary and Elizabeth, 
 and died February 18th 1599, appointing Edward Paston one of 
 of Tn? g hts d Arms executors. Thomas was knighted by king Henry VIII. in 
 Biomefieid, vol. v. 1544 "at Bolleyne after the conquest of the towne," and he was 
 father of sir Edward Paston who died in 1630. This Edward 
 appears to have been the one whom Whitney distinguishes by 
 devoting to him two of his emblems ; and the conjecture is ren- 
 dered very probable from the fact that Whitney held the office 
 of under-steward in the town of Great Yarmouth, and conse- 
 quently so become acquainted with the Norfolk Pastons. 
 
 It was by this family, as is well known, that the celebrated 
 "Paston Letters" were written ;* and some brief information re- 
 
 * The doubts as to the authenticity of these letters have been entirely removed at a 
 Dec. i, i86j, meeting of the Society of Antiquaries, recorded in The Times, and presided over by 
 earl Stanhope. "The appearance of the originals of the fifth volume from custody 
 beyond all suspicion virtually ended the controversy. " 
 
Notes Literary and Biographical. 361 
 
 specting their authors will reveal enough for us to know about 
 
 the ancestors of Edward Paston. " The Paston Letters consist Kct Hist. Eng. 
 
 bk. v. ch. vni. 
 
 principally of the correspondence, from about 1440 to 1505, p-^s- 
 between the members and connexions of the respectable Norfolk 
 family of that name, afterwards Earls of Yarmouth, of which the 
 head, till his death in 1444, was Sir William Paston, Knight, one 
 of the justices of the Common Pleas, and popularly called the 
 ' Good Judge ;' and afterwards, in succession, his eldest son, John 
 Paston, Esq., who died in 1466 ; and the eldest and next eldest 
 sons of the latter, Sir John Paston, a distinguished soldier, who 
 died in 1479 > an< ^ John Paston, Esq., also a military man, and 
 eventually made a knight banneret by Henry VII., at the battle 
 of Stoke in 1487, who survived till 1503." 
 
 Emblem, p. 136. — To the very hon Ne Charles Calthorpe, 
 Deputy of the Queen's Majesty in Ireland a gentleman in every 
 way to be most highly respected by me. 
 
 "Charles Calthorpe Esq., was a member of the Norfolk family MansWs 
 
 J Yarmouth, 
 
 of that name who had been seated at Calthorpe from the con- ToU - p-*9J- 
 quest. He was appointed steward of Yarmouth in 1573 and 
 resigned in 1580, being employed by the Queen in Ireland." With 
 Windham, Flowerdewe and Harbrowne he was, 31st May 1575, 
 named on a commission to settle some disputes between Yarmouth 
 and the Cinque Ports, and he was one of the company whom 
 Whitney records as visiting Scratby island August 2nd 1580. Plate xm. 
 
 It is from sir William^ Calthorpe, knight, born in 1404 and Gent .Magazine^ 
 dying in 1494, and from his four sons, that "several distinct 
 branches are derived of this honourable and knyghtly family." 
 Among the knights of Edward the Sixth's and of Elizabeth's 
 creation were " Sir Philippe Calthorpe," and " Sir Will m Cal- 
 thorpe ;" there was also in 1589 a sir Martin Calthorpe, knight, 
 lord-mayor of London. 
 
 Whitney's emblem is evidence of the high office which Charles 
 Calthorpe held in Ireland under the queen ; and sir John Perrot's 
 Government of Ireland, a work published in 1624, records the 
 same fact* The name appears as the author of " The Relation 
 between a Lord of the Manor and the Copyholder his Tenant" in 
 
 * The name however is not recorded in sir Peter Leycester's Catalogue of the Chie f 
 Governors of Ireland, p. 82. 
 
362 Notes Literary and Biographical. 
 
 1635, and is printed with Sir Edward Coke's Copyholder in 1650, 
 but probably it is not the same person as the "Deputy of the 
 Queen's Majesty in Ireland." 
 
 Phillip's Shrews- 
 bury, pp. Z39-Z44. 
 
 Hubert's Salop, 
 p. 141. 
 
 Cheshire, vol. ii. 
 p. 98; vol. iii. 
 pp. I74-I7S- 
 
 Burke's Extinct 
 Baronetage. 
 
 Notes and 
 Queries, vol. xi. 
 p. 423. 
 
 Emblem, p. 137. — To Miles Corbet Esquier. 
 
 From Henry III. 1247 to Elizabeth 1592 the office of sheriff 
 of Shropshire was held by a Corbet on twenty occasions, and 
 from the time of the conquest, when Roger Corbet held lands 
 under the earl of Shrewsbury, their possessions descended to sir 
 Andrew Corbet, bart, by twenty-three generations. It is far 
 from unlikely that Miles Corbet was of the Shropshire family, 
 and a schoolfellow of Whitney's at Audlem, just on the borders 
 of Cheshire and Shropshire. Among the Corbets mentioned by 
 Ormerod however there is not one bearing the name Miles ; nei- 
 ther, as far as appears from Burke's Extinct Barwzetage, is there 
 among the Corbets of Stoke, of Moreton Corbet, or of Stoke and 
 Adderley. 
 
 The knightage under Henry VIII. furnishes " Sir Richard 
 Corbett, 1523 ;" and under Edward VI. sir Andrew Corbet and 
 sir Richard Corbet, 1547. 
 
 The heir of John Corbet of Sprowston, in Norfolk, living in 
 the reign of Henry VII., was sir Miles Corbet, knight, and he 
 left a son, sir Thomas Corbet, whose second son was Miles 
 Corbet, of Lincoln's Inn, one of the registrars of chancery, but 
 he lived at too recent a period to be Whitney's Miles, for he was 
 one of the judges of the ill-fated Charles I., and suffered death 
 as a regicide April 19th, 1662. He was of an ancient Norfolk 
 family, as appears from Blomefield's Norfolk, vol. v. p. 1372. 
 
 Emblem, p. 138. — To Hvghe Cholmeley Esquier. 
 Lysons'Cheshire, Historians tell us, "The Cholmondeleys and Egertons are 
 descended from the same stock ; Robert, ancestor of the Chol- 
 mondeleys, being a younger brother, and Philip, ancestor of the 
 Egertons, a younger son of David, Baron of Malpas, who, in or 
 about the reign of Henry III., took their family names from the 
 places of their respective residences. Robert de Cholmondeley 
 was the lineal ancestor of Sir Hugh Cholmondeley, Knight" (i.e. 
 of Whitney's " HVGHE CHOLMELEY Esquier"), who died in 1601. 
 From Hugh the third son of this sir Hugh the present marquis 
 
Notes Literary and Biographical. 
 
 363 
 
 of Cholmondeley is descended, and from the fourth son, the lord 
 Delamere of Vale Royal. Of the daughters, Mary, married sir historical 3 
 George Calveley of Lea, knight ; Lettice, sir Richard Grosvenor p n 3 t ^ uities ' 
 of Eaton, bart. ; and Frances, Peter Venables, baron of Kin- 
 derton. 
 
 The helmet which here enters into Whitney's emblem is doubly 
 symbolical. It appears from " Armes in Cheshire after the maner King's vaie^ 
 of the Alphabeth" that the squire's helmet, the badge of war, was 
 borne generally by the warlike race of the Cholmondeleys, and 
 was appropriated by the various families of that ancient house.* 
 
 Cheshire was not represented in the parliament of England 
 until the year 1546, when Thomas Holcroft was elected. "Hvghe ch«hire' S voi ; 
 Cholmeley Esquier" was chosen to serve as one of the knights pp- 
 for the county, along with Thomas Egerton, then solicitor-general 
 to the queen. This was in the year 1585, the year when Whitney 
 presented his emblems to the earl of Leicester. His descendants 
 since then have represented Cheshire in no less than twelve par- 
 liaments, and, with one short interval, the office of lord-lieutenant 
 of the county was held from 1708 to 1783 by four earls of Chol- 
 mondeley in succession. 
 
 Our Hugh Cholmondeley was born in 1552, and obtained his 3h e n s hi?f S voi ii 
 knighthood at the Spanish invasion in 1588. He was sheriff of P 78 - 
 Cheshire in 1589, and died in 1601. His wife was "Mary, 
 Daughter and sole Heir of Christopher Ho If or d of Ho If or d," near 
 
 * The Italian version of Alciat gives the following stanzas : 
 
 CHE DALLA GUERRA PROCEDE LA PACE. Edit. Lyons, 
 
 Ecco, chef ehno, onde Vsoldaio armato ISSI ' p ' l6s- 
 
 Spargendolo di sangne altruiferia, 
 Hora de PApi e fatto albergo grato. 
 
 E dentro il mel si patorisce e cria. 
 Pongansi Panne, fuor eke alhor che giace 
 Morto il riposo, e non si gode pace. 
 The original Latin was, according to WecheFs edition, p. 49, 
 Ex BELLO PAX. 
 
 En galea intrepidus quam miles gesserat, etquce Parisiis, 1534. 
 
 Scepius hostile sparsa cruore full. Plate VI " 
 
 Parta pace apibus tenuis concessit m usum, 
 Alueoli atque faicos grataqj mella gerit. 
 Arma procul iaceant, fas sit tunc sumere bellum, 
 Quandb aliter pads nonpotes arte friri. 
 It may be noticed that the Italian version, as was to be expected, is closer to the 
 original than the English. 
 
364 Notes Literary and Biographical. 
 
 Leycester's 
 Hist. Antiq. 
 P- 345- 
 
 King's Vale 
 Royal, vol. ii. 
 pp. 85 and 54. 
 
 Knutsford. "The Lady Mary Cholmondley survived her Hus- 
 band, and lived at her Manor-House of Holford, which she 
 builded new, repaired, and enlarged, and where she died about 
 1625, aged 63 Years, or thereabouts. King James termed her 
 The Bold Lady of Cheshire? Webb styles her " a Lady of great 
 worth, dignity and revenue," and records that in the church of 
 Malpas are memorials of the two sir Hughs and of the lady 
 Mary, " erected of Alabaster, cut and richly adorned, according 
 to the degrees and deserts of these worthy persons." 
 
 Plate XI. 
 
 Chart. Main- 
 waringianum. 
 
 Vol. iv. p. 173. 
 
 Plate LVI. 
 
 Hierog. Regum 
 Francorum I. 
 pp. 87 and 88. 
 
 Pericles, vol. ii. 
 p. 2. 
 
 Essay, p. 303. 
 
 Emblem, p. 139. — To George Manwaringe Esquier. 
 Geffrey Whitney's sister Isabella, in 1573, addresses her 
 
 Stoeet ilosgag to this same « toorsfHjrfttll antr rtgfjt tortuous 
 
 JJOUg (Sentgltttatt 0 and after sundry disparagements to herself, in 
 which she avers that she is " like the pore man, which hauing no 
 goods, came with his handsful of water to meete the Persian Prince 
 withal ;" she concludes : " I also haue good hope that you. will 
 accept this my labour for recompence of al that which you are un- 
 recompenced for, as knoweth god : who I beseeche giue vnto you ' a 
 longe and a lucky lyfe with encrease of all your vertuous studies? 
 
 "Bg gottr toeltotUgng ©omttrttooman" IS. W. 
 
 In Dugdale's splendid Peover manuscript, under the date 23rd 
 of Elizabeth, i.e. 1581, the names of " S r Arth r Maynwar. of Ight- 
 field, knt," and of " George Maywaringe Esq." his son and heir, 
 occur in the same document. There too we find the record that 
 he was knight of the shire for Salop in 1572, and that his wife 
 was Anna, daughter of Edward Mare of Loseley^ The wife was 
 buried in the church of Ightfield in 1624, and the husband in 
 1628. According to Betham he had [become sir George Man- 
 waring, knt. ; and his daughter Anna bore ten sons and ten 
 daughters to John Corbet of Shropshire, who was created a 
 baronet in 1627. 
 
 This emblem has a remarkable history ; it was adopted from 
 15 15 to 1560, by Francis I. and Francis II., kings of Fiance, as 
 their device, teaching, " duris in rebus fidem explorandam" That 
 fidelity must be put to the proof in times of difficulty. It is, 
 moreover, one of the emblems to which Shakespeare expressly 
 refers, for he represents "the device" and "the word" of a 
 certain knight as almost identical with those of Whitney ; thus 
 
Notes Literary and Biographical. 365 
 
 " an hand environed with clouds, 
 Holding out gold that's by the touchstone tried, 
 The motto this, Sic specianda fides." 
 
 Emblem, p. 144. — Homo homini lupus, Man a wolf to man. 
 The motto is the same with that of Reusner, but the device Plate xliii. 
 altogether different. 
 
 Emblem, p. 152. — To the very learned W. Malim. 
 In emblem p. 89 the initials W. M. probably belong to the 
 same name.* From the Coopers of Cambridge we learn that A *= n - Cantab - 
 
 r ° vol. u. p. 175. 
 
 William Malim was born in 1533 at Staplehurst in Kent, and 
 that after having studied at Eton he was admitted a scholar of 
 King's college in 1548, and a fellow in 155 1. "During the 
 time he held his fellowship he travelled into various countries of 
 Europe and Asia. He himself states that he had seen Antioch, 
 Constantinople, Jerusalem, and other eastern cities." In 1 561 he 
 was appointed master of Eton school and discharged the duties 
 of it for ten years, and from 1573 to 1580 or 1581 he was head- 
 master of St. Paul's school. His death occurred, it is said, about 
 August 15 th, 1594. 
 
 Respecting his works, of which a list is given in the Athence 
 Cantabrigienses, it may be said that Ames marks the Famagosta Typ. Antiq. 
 
 1 a t • <tm PP- and I0 7 c 
 
 as printed at Antwerp, and notes six Latin verses on sir I homas 
 Chaloner de Republicd A nglorum instaurandd. 
 
 Emblem, p. 159. — The Grasshopper and tlie Ants. 
 
 Freitag's beautiful illustration of the opposite rewards of Indus- Plate xl. 
 try and sloth may be compared with this ; Whitney's ideas here 
 have their source. 
 
 Emblem, p. 164. — Angelo Politiano, quoted in the mar- 
 gin, was a native of Tuscany, born in 1454, a man of great 
 learning, and for a time tutor to the children of Lorenzo de' 
 Medici. He is the author of one "of the most celebrated Italian 
 poems of the fifteenth century, the Giostra of Giuliano de* 
 Medici. The character of his Latin poetry is thus given by 
 
 * The Athence Cantab, however assigns this emblem to William Master, LL.D., Vol. ii. p. 65. 
 born 1532 and died 1589. 
 
366 Notes Literary and Biographical. 
 
 Roscoe, when speaking of the reputation acquired by the Flo- 
 rentines in the cultivation of that branch of Roman literature : 
 de^M f , L Bohn's " Though some possess a considerable share of merit, not one of 
 Edition, P . 266. them can contend in point of poetical excellence with Politiano, 
 who in his composition approaches nearer to the standard of the 
 ancients than any man of his time." Of his character, erudition 
 and misfortunes, a" most interesting account is presented by the 
 historian of Lorenzo de' Medici, and to that history we refer our 
 readers. His death took place in 1494, in the fortieth year of his 
 age. An edition of his works in folio was printed at Brixia, 
 Brescia, M.CCCC.LXXXVI, and at Bale, 8vo, 3 vols. 1550, folio 1553. 
 Of course the Biographical Dictionaries do not omit to mention 
 so eminent a scholar. 
 
 Emblem, p. 165. — To M. Thomas Mynors. 
 The name belongs both to Gloucestershire and Hertfordshire. 
 Rudder's Giouc. Rudder, in his Gloucestershire, mentions a Gilbert de Myners 
 
 PP- J'S, 79 and ... 
 
 about the end of the reign of king Stephen, and Henry de 
 Myners of Westbury under king John purchasing a licence to 
 Hertfordshiie, enclose a park. Clutterbuck records how " Ralph Minors of 
 
 vol. i. p. 173. * *■ 
 
 Hertford, Gent., schoolmaster, gave to the Parish of All Saints 
 £10, the interest to be yearly disposed of, half in the purchase of 
 three pairs of white gloves for the Mayor, Justice of the Peace, 
 and Minister of All Saints, if they come to the breaking up of 
 the scholars of the said school at Christmas, and the other half 
 to the best deserving scholars there." 
 
 Of Thomas Mynors however I have gleaned no certain infor- 
 mation. One of the name, the Rev. Willoughby Mynors, M.A., 
 curate of St. Leonard, Shoreditch, preached a seditious sermon 
 Queries, n ser; e sii. J une I0t h 1716, and was committed to custody to answer for it, 
 voi. iv. p. 108. k u j. w h e th er of the same family no evidence is adduced to show. 
 
 Emblem, p. 166. — To my vncle Geffrey Cartwrighte. 
 p nt xiVm issert ' The conjecture has been made that Whitney's mother was of 
 the family of Cartwright. It is a great puritan name, Thomas 
 Cartwright, born in 1535, and dying in 1603, having borne it 
 with high honour through much persecution. There appears 
 however no real evidence to determine that Geffrey Cartwright 
 was of this stock ; it is most probable that he was of the same 
 
Notes Literary and Biographical. 367 
 
 neighbourhood with the Whitneys, for Sheppenhall, in the town- The Lysons, 
 
 ship of Newhall, a few miles from Nantwich, was owned by the P ' 399 ' 
 
 Cartwrights before the year 1600. In the registry of marriages at 
 
 Acton church we find, 1662, "Inter Thomam Cartwright et Ann 
 
 Roe Decembris 23." Sir Peter Leycester records, in 1666, HistAntiq. 
 
 among the landowners of Sale, " Geffrey Cartwright Gentleman. 
 
 His lands in Sale were formerly bought from Massy of Sale." 
 
 Ralph Churton supposes that Geffrey Cartwright belonged to "a Life of Noweii. 
 
 branch of the Cartwrights of Aynho, Northamptonshire, some of 
 
 whom were seated at Wrenbury (Bridges' Northamptonshire, vol. i. 
 
 p. 137), and are recorded among the benefactors of the church." 
 
 Whalley, in his History and Antiquities of Northamptonshire, vol. i. P . 137. 
 
 gives the pedigree of Hugh Cartwright, from which it appears 
 
 that of his descendants one was John Cartwright of Aston in 
 
 Wrenbury, whose son Richard, that died in 1637 at the age of 
 
 74, married Mary, the daughter of sir John Egerton of Egerton, 
 
 and was contemporary with, if not a relative of, Geffrey Whitney. 
 
 Emblem, p. 167. — To Mr. John Croxton. 
 
 The manor of Ravenscroft, a small township about one mile ormerod's 
 
 ' r Cheshire, 
 
 from Middlewich, passed by the marriage of Margery Ravenscroft ™ 1 j' I i j - I pp 110 
 
 with Roger Croxton to the Croxtons, and after five generations 
 
 was vested with other lands in William Croxton, who died June 
 
 21st 1579. His son and heir, "John Croxton, of Ravenscroft, 
 
 gent, who died April 24, 1599, leaving a son George fourteen 
 
 years of age," was probably the friend to whom Whitney in 1586 
 
 devoted the emblem of a child in the cradle and of an infirm man 
 
 on crutches. This John Croxton owned a third part of the 
 
 manor of Bexton, near Knutsford, which he sold "to the lady sir p. Leycester, 
 
 p. 222. 
 
 Mary Cholmondley of Holford ;" the Cholmondeleys sold their 
 share, and the whole manor vested in the Daniel family, passed Ormerod's 
 
 J 1 Cheshire, 
 
 to the Duckenfields and Astleys. From John Astley, the painter, vo1 - »■ p- 39°- 
 " it was purchased by dame Catherine Leicester, for her son sir 
 J. F. Leicester bart," and it is now the property of lord de 
 Tabley. 
 
 John Croxton's grandson Thomas was colonel Croxton, " a Ormerod's 
 
 J ° Cheshire, 
 
 distinguished political and military character in Cheshire during vo >- »>■ p- II0 - 
 the civil disturbances of the seventeenth century. He had for a 
 time the office of governor of Chester castle on the part of the 
 
 s 
 
3 68 
 
 Notes Literary and Biographical. 
 
 parliament ; and in 1650, when four regiments were raised in the 
 county, he had the colonelcy of one of the regiments, composed 
 of the men of Northwich hundred, and part of Nantwich. The 
 castle of Chester was also under his care at the time of sir 
 George Booth's attempt in 1659, and was summoned by sir 
 George Booth and sir Thomas Middleton ; to which the governor 
 replied, ' That as perfidiousness in him was detestable, so the 
 castle which he kept for the parliament of England was disputa- 
 ble ; and if they would have it, they must fight for it ; for the 
 best blood that ran in his veins, in defence thereof, should be as 
 a sluice to fill up the castle trenches.' " The consequence of 
 Croxton's steadiness was the division of the forces of the insur- 
 gent royalists, which led to the defeat of Middleton at Prees 
 heath, and of Booth at Wilmington. 
 
 Colonel Croxton's wife was Elizabeth, daughter of Edward 
 Holland of Denton, Lancashire. 
 
 Emblem, p. 168. — To M. Matthew Pattenson. 
 
 I am informed that a notice of Matthew Pattenson will appear 
 in the forthcoming volume, vol. iii. of the Athena? Cantabrigicnscs, 
 which is now in the printer's hands ; and to that I refer the 
 reader. 
 
 Did the distance of time between 1586 and 1623 allow we 
 should suppose that Whitney's Pattenson was the author of 
 Tournay, 1623, " The Image of Bo the Chvrches, Hicmsalem and Babel, vnitic and 
 Confusion, obedience and sedition ;" but it is by no means clear 
 that the Pattensons of 1586 and of 1623 were the same person. 
 
 Emblem, p. 172. — To the youth at the school of Audlem in 
 England. 
 
 AUDLEM, or as it was anciently written, Aldelime or Adelym, 
 is a small market town, with a fine old church on the crest of a 
 hill, about six miles from Nantwich on the line of railway from 
 Nantwich to Market Drayton. The whole parish comprises an 
 area of above 12,000 acres, bounded on the south by Shropshire, 
 on the north by Acton, to the east by Wybunbury, and to the 
 west by Wrenbury. 
 
 Though Whitney's birth-place was in the parish of Acton, yet 
 that homestead on the banks of the Weaver is nearly six miles 
 
 Plates XIrt 
 and Xlllrt. 
 
Notes Literary and Biographical. 
 
 369 
 
 from Acton church, and under two miles from Audlem church 
 and school. We have in this fact the reason why his earliest 
 instruction was obtained at Audlem ; that town was near his 
 home, and by pleasant Weaver's banks he would morning 
 and evening pursue his way for the learning which in after life 
 he used so well. Taking Whitney's home or Audlem's church 
 of St. James as centres, there are spreading round them the 
 various places with which the poet would be chiefly familiar, — 
 Combermere, Woodhay, Shippenhall, Wrenbury, Nantwich, 
 Acton, Wybunbury, and perchance Ightfield and Cholmondeley. 
 Here dwelt his friends and relatives, or those whom his youth 
 had been taught to hold in honour. 
 
 The present grammar school of Audlem was founded or rather Ormerod' 
 
 1 0 Cheshire, 
 
 endowed in 1655 by sir William Bolton and Mr. Gamull, citizens vol. m. p. 
 of London ; but it is evident from this emblem that the school 
 existed for at least a century before ; and not unlikely is it from 
 its central situation that here the schoolboy Geffrey Whitney 
 formed acquaintance if not friendship with R. Cotton, G. 
 Salmon, Hugh Cholmeley, George Manwaring, John Croxton, 
 Arthur Starkey, and others of the country round. 
 
 The venerable church of St. James, when Ralph Sandford was 
 vicar, 15 57-1 582, doubtless often heard the tread of young 
 Geffrey's feet ; and there rests one, a scholar of the same school, 
 whose gravestone records as "the Modest Charitable and Duti- 
 
37° 
 
 Notes Literary and Biographical. 
 
 full Daniel Evans, Son to Mr. Evans School Master. He departed 
 aged 14. 17 12. God's Will be done." The father's grave is 
 close by, and were it but to show that men of worth and 
 learning have presided over the school where Whitney was 
 trained, we add his epitaph, in Latin, as becomes a scholar's 
 fame : 
 
 "Gulielmus Evans A.M. eruditus Theologus 
 Ecclesiae de BartJwmley per sex Annos 
 Pastor fidus et sedulus 
 Scholae prius Aiidlemcnsis per Annos xxxv. 
 Moderator Prrestanlissimus 
 Mira in illo emicuit Urbanitas, Comitas, Lepos 
 Vultus tamen Hilantatem, vitae Severitate, 
 Colloquiorum Facetias, morum Simplicitate 
 Temperavit 
 
 {Pauperum Fautor, Divitum monitor 
 Optimis charus, Pessimis venerabilis 
 Animam, puram, probam, piam 
 Deo reddidit, Aprilis xv 
 Anno Sal tu m.dccxxxix. JE ti " lxxiii." 
 
 The Masseys, who held Tatton, near Knutsford, from the reign 
 Sir p. Leycester, of Henry III. to 1475, possessed lands in Audlem down to 1457, 
 
 p. 371: Ormerod, 
 
 when "Sir Geffrey Massy of Tatton, Knight," settled his lands in 
 Audlem and Denfield on his illegitimate son John Massy, with 
 whose descendants they remained until 1666 or later. Hugh 
 Massey, the fifth in a direct line from John, married Elizabeth, 
 sister of Hugh Whitney of Cool-lane in Wrenbury, near Audlem, 
 and she in all probability was one of the same family with 
 Geffrey Whitney. This Hugh Massey died in 1646, and was 
 buried at Audlem. 
 
 Emblem, p. 173. — To the very learned Stephan Limbert 
 Master of the School at Norwich. 
 
 On the supposition that " Nordovicensis" was Northwich in 
 Cheshire it has been conjectured that Limbert had been Whit- 
 ney's tutor, first at Audlem and next at Northwich, before the 
 poet went to Oxford. The Latin name means Norwich in Nor- 
 folk, and through the courtesy of the Rev. Augustus Jessopp, 
 head master of king Edward VI. school in that city, I have been 
 
 vol. iii. pp. 246- 
 248. 
 
 Ormerod, 
 vol. iii. p. 230. 
 
' Notes Literary and Biographical. 371 
 
 informed that for thirty-two years, from 1570 to 1602, Stephen 
 Limbert was master of that school. As to dates this account 
 differs very materially from the epitaph which Blomefield and ^orfon/voi •■• 
 the Coopers give, namely, thirty-five years of service, and dying p " 1 - 
 in 1569. But thirty-five years make the service commence in voi.lS'p.^61.. ' 
 1554, some years before his matriculation at Cambridge as a 
 sizar of Magdalen college. We stay not to reconcile the dates ; 
 certain it is he was head master of Norwich school, and on one 
 of Elizabeth's progresses, in August 1578, made an oration in 
 Latin " to the most illustrious Princess Elizabeth, Queen of Eng- 
 land, France and Ireland." Little is known of his success as a 
 teacher, but " a grateful and eminent pupil," Robert de Naunton, 
 " many years afterwards" set up a memorial of one whom he 
 names " an excellent Master and a most beloved Preceptor," and 
 averred that he died " full of Dayes and of Comfort in the Mul- 
 titude and Proficiency of his Scholars." 
 
 His power of writing Latin verses may be judged of by the intr. Dissert, 
 ten elegiac lines which are prefixed to Whitney's emblems, and p- *xx. 
 of which the translation in the Introductory Dissertation is a free 
 approximation. 
 
 Emblem, p. 175. — "Otiose semper egentes," The idle ever 
 destitute. 
 
 A very fine amplification of a similar subject in " Le Theatre pi ate xxxi. 
 des bons Engins" Whitney's power and genius will appear by 
 comparing together the simple beauty of the French verses with 
 the no less simple and beautiful lines of the English, in which 
 the thoughts are carried out, rounded and polished without losing 
 anything of natural grace. In the French the reader may notice 
 the contrivance for indicating e silent. 
 
 Emblem, p. 176. — " Semper prcesto esse infortunia" 111 luck is 
 always at hand. 
 
 The subject treated of by Whitney is undoubtedly the same pi ate xxix. 
 with that of Brant, namely, the gamblers, the difference being 
 that the Englishman speaks of " three carelesse dames," the Ger- 
 man, in his French translation, folio 50, of four. It is merely as 
 suggestive to Whitney of his subject that Brant's emblem is 
 adduced ; the devices agree, but not the methods of illustration. 
 
37 2 Notes Literary and Biographical. 
 
 The woodcut of the gamblers is at folio 85 of the gjtttlttfera 
 
 iHaut's, but at folio 50 of " Ha grat mf Uss fol? &tt moHt" 
 
 Emblem, p. 177. — To my countrimen of the Namptwiche in 
 Chesshire. 
 
 pp.' 41 Md 4j!' As we have seen in the Introductory Dissertation, it was in the 
 parish of Acton, by which Nantwich is nearly surrounded, that 
 Whitney was born, yet " the Namptwiche" is a term which com- 
 prehends the district round, and the people truly were the poet's 
 " countrimen." 
 
 the e chu?d! er ° f The fearful calamity with which the town was visited is thus 
 described by an eye-witness. On the 10th of December 1583, 
 " chaunced a most terrible and vehement fyre, beginninge at the 
 Water-lode, aboute six of the clock at nighte, in a kitchen, by 
 brewinge. The wynde being very boysterouse, increased the 
 said fyre, whiche verie vehementlie burned and consumed in the 
 space of fifteen houres six hundred bayes of buyldinges and 
 could not be stayed neither by laboure nor pollice, which I 
 thoughte good to commende unto the posteritie as a favoureable 
 punishment of the Almightie in destroying the buildings and 
 goodes onlie, but sparinge the lyves of manye people, which, con- 
 sideringe the tyme, space, and perill, were in great jopardie, yet 
 by God's mercie, but onlie two persones that perished by fyre." 
 
 One who not long after the fire in sober prose described "the 
 newe NAMPWICHE," scarcely departed from Whitney's fond 
 eulogium, 
 
 "A spectacle for anie man's desire." 
 King's Vale That writer says : " The Buildings within the same Town are 
 
 Royal, pt. n. J ° 
 
 p- 68 - very fair and neat, and every street adorned with some speciall 
 
 mansions of Gentlemen of good worth, the middle and the prin- 
 cipal parts of the Town being all new buildings, by reason of a 
 lamentable fire which happened there in Anno 1583, that con- 
 sumed in one night all the dwellings from the River side, to the 
 other side of the Church, which Church it self by the great mercy 
 of God escaped, and was left standing naked without neighbours, 
 saving onely the school-house, in a few hours ; yet such were the 
 estates of many the Inhabitants, and so graciously did Queen 
 Elizabeth of blessed memory favour them, with her own earnest 
 farthering of a Collection through the whole Kingdom, and the 
 
Notes Literary and Biographical. 
 
 373 
 
 businesse so well managed by the care and industry of Sir Hugh 
 Cholmly, Mr. John Masterton, and other chief agents in the same, 
 that the whole scite and frame of the Town so suddenly ruined, 
 was with great speed re-edified in that beautifull manner that 
 now it is." 
 
 Our author adds : " The Church is very large, and of so beau- Plates xv. and 
 tifull a structure composed in form of a crosse, like the great 
 Minsters or Cathedrals, and the Steeple erected in the middle 
 Juncture of the Crosse, with fair lies on each side." 
 
 To all its original beauty that fair church has lately been 
 restored by the munificence and zealous love of many hearts, 
 the widow's mite vying with the rich man's offering ; and to all 
 who have contributed to this worthy work there cannot be a 
 better thought, that the veneration and regard of the present day 
 have re-established and renewed the temple which the piety of a 
 past age had founded. The poet's words are again fulfilled : 
 
 " an other Phoenix rare 
 With speede dothe rise most beautifull and faire." 
 
 That fable of the phoenix indeed is one with which all ages 
 and many nations have been familiar. Herodotus, Pliny, Hora- 
 pollo, among the ancients ; Gabriel Symeoni, Claude Paradin, 
 Arnold Freitag, Reusner, and Whitney, with some others among Plate xxxix., 
 the emblematists, serve to swell the wonder and the praise. We r ' s ' 
 are told, "in honour of Queen Jane, who died willingly to save Gent. Magazine, 
 her child, Edward VI., a phoenix was represented on a funeral ' ' 9 ' pt " 
 fire, with this motto, NASCATUR UT ALTER, That another may be 
 born!' As the phoenix is always alone, and the only bird of its 
 kind in the world, so are excellent things that are of marvellous 
 rarity ; hence it was somewhat proudly borne as the device of 
 Madame Elenor of Austria, queen dowager of France. Also, 
 "My Lady Bona of Savoy, the mother of John Galeaz, Duke of 
 Milan, in her widowed state, took the phoenix for her emblem, 
 with the words,* 'being made lonely I follow God alone.' " The 
 
 * The original text, as given in Symeoni's Devises ov Emblemes Heroiqves et morales, Plate LXII. 
 a Lyon 1561, p. 238, is : '■'■Madame Bone de Sauoye mere de lean Galeaz, Dice de 
 Milan, se trouuant vefue, feit faire vne deuise en ses Testons d'vne Fenix au milicti 
 d'vn feu auec ces paroles: Sola FACTA SOLVM DEVM SEQVOR. Voidant signifier qice 
 comme il n , y a au monde qtfvne Fenix, tout ai?isi estant demeuree seulette, ne vouloit 
 aymer sino le seal Dieu, pour viure en apres eternellement.'" 
 
374 Notes Literary and Biographical. 
 
 The Lay of the 
 Phoenix, trans- 
 lated by G. 
 Stephens, 1844. 
 
 As in Plate 
 XXXIX. 
 
 phoenix too is typical of long duration for the soul, and of the 
 resurrection of Christ and of all mankind.* 
 
 An Anglo-Saxon poem of the eleventh century embodies both 
 the legends and the applications of this ancient fable. After 
 describing the process by which 
 
 " As from round eggs he 
 Eagerly crept him 
 Sheer from the shell," 
 
 the author goes on to narrate the final production of the mar- 
 vellous creature : 
 
 Bird waxing quickly 
 Fresh as to-fore, and 
 Fitly in all things 
 Sunder'd from sin." 
 
 " Soon then thereafter, 
 With feathers rich fretted, 
 He soars as at first — all 
 Blooming and brightsome, 
 
 It is then nothing wonderful that, on hearing of the town of 
 his " countrimen" rising from its ashes to a glory it had never 
 before attained, Whitney should assume as its device, 
 " The Phoenix rare, with fethers freshe of hewe." 
 
 Emblem, p. 183. — The inverted torch. 
 
 This device is found in Symeoni and Giovio's Tetrastichi 
 piateLVii. Morali, and also in Paradin's Devises Hero'iques, but the plate in 
 illustration is from the English translation of Paradin, published 
 in 1 591, which curiously enough differs from the original as well 
 as from Whitney, in presenting the torch nearly upright instead 
 of inverted. The invention of the device is thus accounted for : 
 Heroicaii De- " In the exile or banishment of the Helvetians neer Millan, after 
 
 vises,. London, 
 
 • S9>, pp 357 the decease of Francis their king-, the Lord of Saint Valier, the 
 
 and 358. & ' ' 
 
 father of the Ladie Diana of Poitiers Dutchesse of Valentinois, 
 and gouernour ouer an hundreth noble knights carried a standard 
 about, wherein was pictured a burning Torch turned vpside 
 downe, the waxe melting and quenching the same with this sen- 
 tence, Qui me alit me extingtiit, that is, He that feedeth me, killeth 
 me. Which simbole was framed for a certain noble woman's sake, 
 
 Plate LXI. * So in the device on the title-page of Giovio's Dialogo, printed by Giolito at Venice 
 
 in 1556, the phoenix appears rising above the world; the mottoes being "Semper 
 eadem," Always the same, and " De la mia morte eterna vita," From my death 
 I live eternal life. 
 
Notes Literary and Biographical. 375 
 
 willing to insinuate thereby that as her beautie and comelines 
 did please his minde, so might it cast him into danger of his life." 
 
 On pages 301, 302 and 311 of the Essays Literary and Biblio- 
 graphical the subject of the inverted torch and its motto is 
 treated of; and we now refer to Symeoni's text to show that P1 ^es lxii. 
 
 ' » and LXIII. 
 
 Daniell is far from accurate in the information he professes to 
 give as to the origin of the device ; and that Paradin omits the 
 not unimportant fact that Saint Valier's motto was but an imita- 
 tion of that of the king his master, — " Nvtrisco ET EXTINGVO." 
 
 Emblem, p. 183. — Engraving wrongs on marble. 
 
 Whitney's device is identical with that of Paradin's, but may 
 
 be compared with the similar Impresa in the Tetrastichi Morali, Plates xxxvn. 
 
 11 * r aild LXir 
 
 or rather in the Devises Hero'iqves et Morales, from which Paradin 
 
 copied, without however taking the highly ornamented border. 
 
 The Italian stanza is to the following effect : 
 
 " Each one that lives may be swift passion's slave, 
 
 And through a powerful will at times delight 
 
 In causing others harm and terrors fright : 
 
 The injured doth those wrongs in marble grave." 
 
 If comment be required we may resort to Symeon's Emblemes piate lxii. 
 Hero'iqves et Morales, p. 230, " Povr vn homme inivstement 
 offense." 
 
 EMBLEMS, pp. 185, 186. — To the very learned STEPHEN Bull. 
 
 A name the echoes of which have sounded through the chief 
 libraries of Holland and Belgium without obtaining any reply. 
 St. or Stephen Bull seems to have been one that has left no 
 mark on Whitney's century. The name however is not unknown Tindal's Rapin, 
 to history. On the expedition into France in April 1 5 1 3 it is P . 7Z1? 743 ' v ° l 1 
 mentioned that the admiral Howard, among other persons of 
 note, was accompanied by sir Stephen Bull. And of Flodden 
 field, September 9th 15 1 3, it is recorded: "In this Battle the 
 Vanguard was led by the Lord Thomas Howard, who had with 
 him," along with several lords and knights who are named, " Sir 
 Stephen Bttll." Whitney's Stephen Bull may have been this 
 knight's son or grandson. In Elizabeth's reign there were also 
 Bulls in Hertfordshire, for Clutterbuck registers among the Hertford, vol. a. 
 bailiffs of Hertford " In 1578 Richard Bull, Gent." p 147 
 
 T 
 
376 Notes Literary and Biographical 
 
 If we might resort to the last refuge of a discomfited critic, we 
 would suggest a misprint. In conformity with the subject of the 
 second emblem devoted to this learned man, namely, the Music 
 of Orpheus, he should be one who was skilful, learned and wise, 
 and 
 
 " if his musicke faile, his curtesie is suche 
 That none so rude, and base of minde, but hee reclaimes them muche." 
 
 Now there was an Englishman of Whitney's century, one 
 John Bull, in whom these qualities were united, and to whom 
 there was great propriety in dedicating as well the Quinctilian 
 emblem as that which celebrates the praise of Orpheus. He was 
 a native of Somersetshire,* born about the year 1565, and in 
 1586 admitted bachelor of music at Oxford, and doctor at Cam- 
 bridge. He possessed remarkable skill and power, and filled the 
 offices of organist in the Queen's chapel and professor of music 
 Biog. Diet vol. i n Gresham college. He died in the year 1611;. The memoir of 
 
 pp. 271 and 273. 0 j j 
 
 him may be consulted in Chalmers. 
 
 Emblem, p. 189. — To the very learned FRANCIS RAPHELENG, 
 famous at the siege of Antwerp. 
 
 Essay iii. p. 269. A notice of Rapheleng has been given in connection with 
 Plantin in a former part of this work. We shall therefore simply 
 confirm the truth of Whitney's testimony to the internal treachery 
 in Antwerp, at the famous siege of 1585, by an extract from 
 
 werke, Band Schiller's history, " Die Regierung dieser Stadt war in allzu- 
 
 viii. pp. 426-427. . . 
 
 viele Hande vortheilt, und der stiirmischen Menge ein viel zu 
 grossen Antheil daran gegeben, als dasz man mit Ruhe hatte 
 iiberlegen mit Einsiecht wahlen und mit Festigkeit ausfuhren 
 konnen." " The government of this town was shared among too 
 many hands, and too strongly influenced by a disorderly popu- 
 lace to allow any one to consider with calmness, to decide with 
 judgment, or to execute with fairness." As we have observed 
 Plantin retired to Leyden during the siege of Antwerp, but 
 Rapheleng remained, and won at least the admiration of Whit- 
 ney by his conduct. 
 
 Fosbrooke's 
 Gloucester, 
 p. 229. 
 
 * George Bull, bishop of St. David's, born March 25th 1634, and so celebrated in 
 the controversy on the Trinity, was also a native of the same county. "He was," 
 says Fosbrooke, "descended from an ancient and genteel family, seated at Shapwich." 
 
Notes Literary and Biographical. 377 
 
 Emblem, p. 191. — To my Nephew, Ro. Borron. 
 
 The Introductory Dissertation shows that Ro. Borron was one ch. ii. Sect, ii- 
 
 J p. xlvn. 
 
 of the "prety Boyes" of Whitney's sister Ann. The name 
 belongs to Cheshire, but is not met with in the county histories. 
 
 Emblem, p. 193. — To the honorable Gentleman Sir William 
 Rvssell Knight. 
 
 Sir William Russell, from whom the dukes of Bedford are 
 descended, was the fourth son of Francis Russell, the first earl of 
 Bedford, whom Henry VIII. favoured, and Mary sent ambas- 
 sador to Spain to conduct king Philip to England. He was 
 educated with his brothers at Magdalen college Oxford, " at the 
 feet," it is said, " of that excellent divine Dr. Humphreys." From ^r"^ ouse 
 travels through France, Germany, Hungary and Italy he re- vo1 ''' p,i ° 6 ' 
 turned, "not merely accomplished in languages and improved 
 in his address and range of knowledge, but uninjured by the 
 affectation of foreign fashions, and uncorrupted in his moral and 
 religious principles." His first campaign was served with repu- 
 tation in the Netherlands, where he obtained the honour of 
 knighthood. In 1583 he married Elizabeth, the daughter and 
 heiress of sir Henry Long of Cambridgeshire. 
 
 Again in the Netherlands he served under Leicester, and a Leicester 
 
 Correspondence,. 
 
 letter from the captain-general to Walsingham thus testifies to p- 21 s- 
 his character : " This gentleman is worthy to be cherished, for he 
 is a rare man of courage and government : it were pitty but he 
 should be encouraged in this service, where he is like to learne 
 that knowledge which three yeres perhaps in other places wold 
 not yeld to him. In few words, there canot be to much good 
 said of him." 
 
 He was afterwards, in 1594, lord-deputy of Ireland. In 1602, 
 a few months only before her death, he was visited by queen Leicester's 
 Elizabeth at Chiswick ; and on the 21st July 1603 he was created w ' b ff 
 by James I. baron Russell of Thornhaugh. He died in 161 3, of Russcii, 
 
 vol. ii. pp. 73, 
 
 soon after prince Henry. There is a portrait of him at Woburn 93 and 124- 
 abbey. His brother Edward, earl of Bedford, was succeeded in 
 his style and honours by Francis, "the only son of the heroic 
 William, baron of Thornhaugh," and Francis was the father of 
 lord William Russell, beheaded in 1683. 
 
 Thomas Newton, a Cheshire poet, contemporary with Whit- 
 
37 8 Notes Literary and Biographical. 
 
 ney, inscribed in 1589 one of his ENCOMIA of illustrious English- 
 ABtiquarii, men " to the ver y valiant an <3 magnificent knight, William 
 vol. v. p. 174. Russell." He speaks of his talent, his comeliness, eloquence, 
 industry, bravery and warlike prowess, and concludes with the 
 exhortation, in Latin not altogether classical, 
 
 " Opergas rutilam Bedfordis addere lucem 
 Francisci patris facta imitando tui 
 
 "Add to Bedford's red golden light, by imitating the deeds of 
 Francis thy father." 
 
 Emblem, p. 194. — To the honorable Sir JOHN NORRIS Knight, 
 Lord president of Munster in Irelande, and Colonell Generall of 
 the English infanterie, in the lowe countries. 
 
 Briefly are his character and services sketched by the editor of 
 p°"g° n ' l84J > Sidney and Languets Correspondence: "Sir John Norris, second 
 son of Henry, first lord Norris, an excellent soldier, who had 
 served under Coligny in France and Essex in Ireland. He was 
 continually employed on foreign service, and was Commander in 
 Chief of the English forces sent afterwards to relieve Antwerp, 
 and still later of the troops sent by Elizabeth to assist Henry 
 IV. in Bretagne." 
 
 So brave a leader deserves for himself as well as his ancestry 
 more than this passing notice. He was descended from that 
 Henry Norris, groom of the bedchamber, present at the private 
 marriage of Henry VIII. with Anne Boleyn. The absurd jea- 
 lousy of the king charged him and four others with familiarities 
 with the queen ; but when pardon was offered on condition of 
 confessing to the supposed truth of the charge, he answered with 
 Pict Hist Eng. utmost honour of mind, " and as it became the progenitor of so 
 
 vol. 111. p. 392. ' sr a 
 
 many valiant heroes, that in his conscience he thought her guilt- 
 less of the objected crime, and that he had rather undergo a 
 thousand deaths than betray the innocent." * 
 Worthies of Eng. The portrait of sir John Norris is at Knole, and his character 
 
 vol. 111. pp. 17 * J ' 
 
 and 18. j s painted by Fuller with great truth and fervour : " He was a 
 
 most accomplished general, both for a charge, which is the sword, 
 and a retreat, which is the shieff , of war. By the latter he pur- 
 chased to himself immortal praise, when in France he brought off 
 
 * From so honourable a stock is descended the earl of Abington. 
 
Notes Literary and Biographical. 
 
 379 
 
 a small handful of English from a great armful of enemies ; 
 fighting, as he retreated, and retreating as he fought ; so that 
 always his rear affronted the enemy ; a retreat worth ten victories 
 got by surprise, which speak rather the fortune than either the 
 valour or discretion of a general. 
 
 " He was afterwards sent over with a great command into Ire- 
 land, where his success neither answered his own care, nor others' 
 expectations. Indeed hitherto Sir John had fought with right- 
 handed enemies in France and the Netherlands ; who was now 
 to fight with left-handed foes, for so may the wild Irish well be 
 termed (so that this great master of defence was now to seek a 
 new guard), who could lie on the coldest earth, swim through the 
 deepest water, run over what was neither earth nor water, I mean 
 bogs and marshes. He found it far harder to find out than to 
 fight his enemies, they so secured themselves in fastnesses. 
 Supplies, sown thick in promises, came up thin in performances, 
 so slowly were succours sent to him. 
 
 " At last a great lord was made lieutenant of Ireland, of an 
 opposite party to Sir John ; there being animosities in the court 
 of queen Elizabeth (as well as of later princes), though her 
 general good success rendered them the less to the public notice 
 of posterity. It grieved Sir John to the heart, to see one of an 
 opposite faction should be brought over his head, insomuch that 
 some conceive his working soul broke the cask of his body, as 
 wanting a vent for his grief and anger ; for, going up into his 
 chamber, at the first hearing of the news, he suddenly died, anno 
 Domini 1597." 
 
 So burst the mighty heart that could not brook undeserved 
 disfavour from his queen. 
 
 A writer of that day, on " The Gouernment of Ireland vnder London, sm. 4to, 
 the Honorable Ivst and wise Gouernour Sir John Perrot Knight and Z2. p ' 19 
 &c. beginning 1584 and ending 1588," speaks of "Generall 
 Norreys Lord President of Mounster &c." as "braue hearted 
 Norreys," "neuer enough praysed Norreys;" and thus is Spen- ^°7 XOns Edltl0n ' 
 ser's eulogium justified : 
 
 " To the Right Noble Lord and most valiaant Captaine Sir John Norris, 
 Knight, Lord President of Mounster. 
 Who ever gave more honourable prize 
 
 To the sweet Muse then did the Martiall crew, 
 
Notes Literary and Biographical. 
 
 That their brave deeds she might immortalize 
 In her shril tromp, and sound their praises dew ! 
 Who then ought more to favour her then you, 
 
 Most Noble Lord, the honor of this age, 
 
 And Precedent of all that armes ensue ! 
 
 Whose warlike prowesse and manly courage, 
 Tempred with reason and advizement sage, 
 
 Hath fild sad Belgicke with victorious spoile ; 
 
 In Fraunce and Ireland left a famous gage ; 
 
 And lately shakt the Lusitanian soile. 
 Sith then each where thou hast dispredd thy fame, 
 
 Love him that hath eternized your Name." 
 
 Some letters from sir John Norris are printed in Wright's 
 
 Queen Elizabeth and her Times. 
 
 Emblem, p. 199. — To Thomas Wilbraham Esquier. 
 
 History of "Sir Richard Wilburgham, or Wilbraham," says Ormerod, 
 
 p. 196. ' " the earliest known ancestor of the family, is supposed to have 
 derived his name from the manor of Wilbraham in Cambridge- 
 shire, where a family, bearing the local name, was settled about 
 the time of Henry II." 
 
 Thomas Wilbraham, or Wilbram, of Woodhey, near Nant- 
 wich, was sheriff of Cheshire in 1585, the year of the dedication 
 
 King's Vale of Whitney's emblems. He ranked third in the list of the 
 oya , p. 57. g en t r y 0 f his hundred, and appears well to have deserved the 
 respect universally accorded to him by his contemporaries. 
 William Webbe, who knew him intimately, pays a warm tribute 
 to his worth in the Itinerary of the Hitndred of Namptwiche : 
 
 King's Vale " And so we come to Faddiley, another member, or rather entire 
 ° ya ' P 73 ' Lordship of it self, divided between the houses of Peever and 
 Handford ; and hereunto lyeth adjoyning the Demain and Hall 
 of Woodhey, which as it was the first place where my feet had 
 some rest after the variable courses of my youth, so I could here 
 long dwell upon the remembrances of that ever worthy honoured 
 owner of it, and of me his most unworthy servant, Thomas Wil- 
 braham Esquire, if even here my Ink were not forced to give 
 place to the tears that fall from my eyes. But what need I think 
 upon the commending of him, the world takes knowledge of his 
 worth. The God whom he served is the God of his Seed, the 
 
Notes Literary and Biographical. 381 
 
 blessing of Heaven is upon his house, and so I hope and pray it 
 may long continue." 
 
 Need we wonder, since Geffrey Whitney was born in the same 
 parish of Acton in which Woodhey is situated, that he should 
 make its owner the model of the English gentleman, 
 
 " Whose daily study is, your country to adorne, 
 And for to keepe a worthie house, in place where you weare borne." 
 
 But alas ! of that Cheshire-renowned Woodhey, except the ex- 
 tensive stabling, and the garden wall and the facade of the 
 chapel, not a brick remains. The entire structure has been cast 
 down and removed. The green sward, in this very spring of 
 1865 as beautiful as the rich-hued emerald, alone is spread over 
 the foundations of hall and bower ; yet still out of that green 
 sward springs the remembrance of one, 
 
 "Whose gate, was open to his frende : and puree, vnto the poor." * 
 
 And at the distance of about two centuries another of our 
 great Cheshire writers speaks almost as lovingly as did Whitney 
 and Webb, the one of his neighbour, the other of his "old 
 master :" " The memory of private worth seldom survives the Ormerod, vol. m. 
 contemporaries of its possessors, but this is not the case with the P 
 Wilbrahams of Woodhey. Wherever it is possible to glance 
 beyond genealogical deductions, and obtain a knowledge of the 
 individual representatives of the family, they appear to have 
 been graced with every social virtue that could render rank 
 endearing to their equals, and venerated by their dependants, 
 and their family is rarely noticed in the Cheshire collections, 
 without evident expressions of respect and affection." 
 
 Thomas Wilbraham's first wife was Frances, daughter of one 
 sir Hugh Cholmondeley, and sister of the other. His second 
 wife was Mary, eldest daughter and coheiress of Peter Warbur- 
 ton esq. of Arley, Cheshire. From the first marriage were born 
 his heir sir Richard Wilbraham of Woodhey bart, and among 
 other daughters Dorothy, who was married to sir John Done of 
 
 * In the spirit of the roundel of Elizabeth's time — 
 
 " Content thy selfe withe thyne estat, 
 And sende no poore wight from thy gate : 
 For why this coimcell I the giue, 
 To learne to dye, and dye to lyue." 
 
382 Notes Literary and Biographical. 
 
 ches"'? to° m Utkinton knt, and of whom, according to Pennant, "when a 
 London. Cheshire man would express excellency in the fair sex, he will 
 
 say, ' there is a lady Done for you.' " 
 °™ e t , r . od ' s 1 •• Thomas Wilbraham died in 1 610 at his seat of Tilston Fear- 
 
 Cneshire, vol. u. 
 
 pp I3 i9fe-^99 na ^> * n Edisbury hundred, and his numerous estates descended 
 in his family in a direct line until, in 1692, a coheiress conveyed 
 them to her husband, Lionel Tollemache earl of Dysart, in whose 
 family they still remain, the present owner being John Tolle- 
 mache esq. of Peckforton castle. 
 
 Gent. Magazine, Like the name Mainwaring, this name Tollemache sets all 
 
 1821, p. 1. o' 
 
 pp.275279, rules of orthography at defiance. It is Talmash, Tollmash, 
 Tallemache, Tollemache, and in the Domesday book Toedmag. 
 The family possessed lands at Bentley in Suffolk long before the 
 Norman conquest, and there, until very lately, was to be seen in 
 the old manor house the following inscription : 
 
 " When William the Conqueror reign'd with great fame 
 Bentley was my seat and Tollemache was my name." 
 
 For the ramifications of the Wilbrahams of Cheshire and Lan- 
 cashire, i.e. of Wilbrahams of Woodhey, of Townend, of Dorfold, 
 of Delamere, of Rode and of Latham, where they bear the title 
 of the lords Skelmersdale, see The Lysons, p. 369, and Ormerod 
 in various places. George Fortescue Wilbraham esq. of Dela- 
 mere house is the present head of the gens Wilbraham. 
 
 Emblem, p. 200. — To Richard Cotton Esquier. 
 For the account of the Cotton family refer back to p. 333. 
 The device of the bee-hive is traceable to Horapollo or to 
 Alciatus, from the latter of whom we present the emblem as 
 Plate lviii. given in the edition of 1551. Combermere is mentioned in 
 Whitney's stanzas, and is represented in its old form in one of 
 Rate xiv. the illustrations. 
 
 Emblem, p. 203. — To Richard Drake Esquier, in praise of 
 Sir Francis Drake Knight. 
 
 A manuscript note to Mr. Swinnerton's copy of Whitney's 
 See coiiins's emblems supplies the following information : " This is the Crest 
 
 Baronetage, * * 0 
 
 vol. ;. p. 533- of the Drake's family, viz. : a Ship under reeff drawn round a 
 Globe with a Cable Rope by an hand out of the Clouds. It 
 shou'd have this motto over it, Auxilio divino, & under it, Sic 
 
Notes Literary and Biographical. 383 
 
 parvis magna." Also, " Sir F. Drake after his great voyage took Devon 
 for his device the Globe of the world with this motto, Tu primus p- z 4° and 2 4$- 
 circumdedisti me. But not excluding his former motto, ' Divino 
 Auxilio? " 
 
 This voyage round the world was accomplished between the 
 15th of November 1577, when Plymouth was left, and the 26th 
 of September 1580; when Plymouth harbour again was entered. 
 An account of the voyage was published by the nephew of the 
 circumnavigator, with the significant title, " THE WORLD ENCOM- 
 PASSED," and doubtless gave origin to Whitney's device and 
 stanzas. The preface declares that the work itself was compiled 
 "out of the notes of Master Francis Fletcher, Preacher in this 
 employment, and divers others his fellows in the same : Offered 
 now, at last, to publique view, both for the honour of the actor, 
 but especially for the stirring up of heroick spirits to benefit their 
 countrie and eternize their names by like noble attempts." 
 
 Whitney's stanzas and some of the sentiments and expressions 
 in " The World Encompassed" are in close accord. Thus the nar- 
 rator of the voyage declares : " We safely, with joyful minds and 
 thankful hearts to God, arrived at Plimouth, the place of our 
 first setting forth, after we had spent two years ten months and 
 some odd days besides, in seeing the wonders of the Lord in the 
 deep, in discerning so many admirable things, in going through 
 with so many strange adventures, in escaping out of so many 
 dangers, and overcoming so many difficulties in this our encom- 
 passing of this nether globe, and passing round about the world 
 which we have related." 
 
 " To the sole worker of great things, 
 To the sole governor of the whole world, 
 To the sole preserver of his saints, 
 To God alone be ever glory." 
 
 The Richard Drake named by Whitney was a cousin of sir Emblems, p. ioj. 
 Francis the navigator, being the brother of sir Bernard Drake, 
 who was knighted in 1585. Richard was born in 1534, and was 
 equery to queen Elizabeth. The Cheshire Drakes of Malpas Ormerod's 
 and Shardeloes " are descended from Richard Drake of Esher in p. j8z. 
 Surrey, a younger son of the ancient family of Drake of Ash in 
 Devonshire." 
 
 U 
 
384 Notes Literary and Biographical. 
 
 Prince's Wor- There is an anecdote of sir Bernard and sir Francis Drake, 
 
 tines of Devon, 
 
 Ed. 1701, p. i 45 . w hich may find a not inappropriate place in connection with 
 Whitney's adoption of the circumnavigator's badge and device. 
 Sir Bernard's crest was a naked arm grasping a sword, which sir 
 Francis had unduly assumed. A quarrel on the subject arose 
 between them, and was carried to such a height that sir Bernard 
 boxed the ears of sir Francis within the verge itself of the royal 
 court. " The displeasure of the queen was shown in a grant of a 
 crest to Sir Francis, wherein the coat of the Ash family was sus- 
 pended inverted in the rigging of a ship." " Unto all which sir 
 Bernard coolly replied, that though her majesty could give a 
 nobler, yet she could not give him an ancienter coat than his." 
 The coat in question is a dragon, or as it called in heraldry a 
 wyvern, which with the battle axe is also borne by the Drakes of 
 Malpas in Cheshire. The family name therefore is not from 
 drake, a male bird, but from draco, a dragon. The contrary sup- 
 position however is made in the epigram, written in 1 5 8 1, on 
 occasion of queen Elizabeth going on board " the Golden Hind," 
 at Deptford, and there knighting the now famous captain : 
 
 " O Nature, to old England still 
 Continue these mistakes, 
 Give us for all our Kings such Queens, 
 And for our Dux such Drakes." 
 
 Hayman (Epigrams, published in 1628) takes the other derivation 
 and avers, 
 
 " Drake like a dragon through the world did flie, 
 And every coast thereof he did descrie ; 
 Should envious men be dumbe the spheres will shew, 
 And the two poles, his journey which they saw, 
 Beyond Cades pillars far he steered his way, 
 Great Hercules ashore, but Drake by sea." 
 
 Of course Drake's glories were in his own time sung in Latin 
 as well as in English. Our Cheshire poet, Thomas Newton, in 
 1 5 89, published sixty-one Latin verses addressed to John ^Elmer, 
 bishop of London, " concerning the return of the magnanimous 
 Heroiiiogia knight Francis Drake after his three years' voyage ;" and H. 
 
 Anglica, p. no. s ■' J ° ' 
 
 London, 3 vols. Holland has some elegiacs to his memory. Camden's Annals 
 ?6oo. I599 and and Stowe's Chronicle give accounts of his exploits : "RICHARD 
 
Notes Literary and Biographical. 
 
 385 
 
 Haklvyt Preacher, and sometime student of Christ-Church, 
 
 Oxford," in his "PRINCIPAL NAVIGATIONS, VOYAGES, TRAF- 
 
 FIQVES AND DISCOVERIES of the English Nation" records for 
 
 us " The famous voyage of Sir Francis Drake into the South Sea, "'■ pp - 73 °" 
 
 and therehence about the whole Globe of the earth, begun in the 
 
 yeere of our Lord, 1577." Thomas Fuller in his "Holy State" 
 
 wrote his life at large ; Dr. Johnson compiled that life for the 
 
 Gentleman's Magazine ; and passing by other lives of the cir- ^j nt x a x f ne ' 
 
 cumnavigator, it will be sufficient to refer to the long biography 
 
 in Betham's Baronetage, and to " The Life, Voyages and Exploits vol. i. P . 160. 
 
 of Admiral Sir Francis Drake, Knt. &c, by John Barrow Esq." 
 
 London, Murray, 1843. 
 
 Portraits of the admiral exist at Knole, the seat of earl Am- 
 herst, and at Knowsley, the equally well-known seat of the earl 
 of Derby. Among the " penny sights and exhibitions in the 
 reign of James I." was the good ship "The Golden Hind," in 
 which the encompassing of the world was performed, and which 
 for a long time was preserved at Deptford as an object of admi- 
 ration. A portion of this ship was made into a chair for the 
 Bodleian library, to which in 1662 Cowley attached some verses, 
 and a friend, George E. Thorley esq. of Wadham college, informs \^ r ' M *y z '< 
 me the heart of oak is still in its sanctuary, "with Cowley's 
 stanzas attached, but the metal plate* on which the stanzas are 
 engraved is worn almost smooth by age." The astrolabe which 
 Drake used came into the possession of Bigsby, the author of 
 
 * Cowley's verses in fact are undecipherable, but were engraved " in an old-fashioned 
 sort of italic hand, with a good many flourishes and capital letters." They are thus 
 given in a Life of Drake: 
 
 " To this great Ship which round the Globe has run, 
 And match'd in race the chariot of the Sun; 
 This Pythagorean Ship (for it may claim 
 Without presumption, so deserv'd a name) 
 By knowledge once, and transformation now, 
 In her new shape this sacred port allow. . 
 Drake and his Ship could not have wish'd from Fate 
 An happier station, or more blest estate; 
 For, lo ! a seat of endless rest is given, 
 To her in Oxford, and to him in Heaven. " 
 
 Abraham Cowley, 1662. 
 Sent to the University of Oxford 
 by order of John Davis Esq r the King's Commissioner at Deptford." 
 
386 Notes Literary and Biographical. 
 
 " The Triumph of Drake" and the walking cane, " a bamboo, 
 discoloured by time, 2 feet 10 inches long, with an ivory head 
 and a hole in it," remained in the possession of Drake's family 
 from 1 58 1 to 182 1, or 240 years, and was then given to Captain 
 William Henry Smith, R.N. 
 psd"a y Cydo Francis Drake, the eldest of twelve sons of a poor yeoman, 
 
 was born on the banks of the Tavy in Devonshire in 1545, and 
 died at sea in 1595. His body was buried in the ocean, and one 
 of his contemporaries wrote of the funeral the rough expressive 
 lines : 
 
 " The waves became his winding sheet 
 The waters were his tomb ; 
 But for his fame the ocean sea 
 Was not sufficient room." 
 
 Emblem, p. 204. — To Arthvre Bovrchier Esquier. 
 This was the author of the commendatory verses " To the 
 Reader" prefixed to the emblems, and ending with the lines : 
 
 " Giae Whitney then thy good report, since hee deserues the same : 
 Lest that the wise that see thee coye, thy follie iustly blame," 
 
 But it is uncertain to what family he belonged. The name was 
 one of renown, for Thomas Bourchier, cardinal-archbishop of 
 Canterbury, is said to have introduced printing into England, 
 Biogr. Univ. yoi an( j John Bourchier, who was chancellor of the exchequer to 
 
 v. p. 354. J ' 
 
 Henry VIII., translated La Chronique of Froissart. 
 
 Arthur Bourchier published a fable of ^Esop versified, and is 
 
 the writer of a poem which appeared in the edition of The Para- 
 Farr's Select dise of Daytitic Denises in 1600. It is entitled " Golden Precepts," 
 beth's reign, vol. of which the following are two of the stanzas : 
 
 i. p. xxv.; vol ii. 
 
 p- 2 97 " Perhaps you thinke me bolde 
 
 That dare presume to teach, 
 As one that runs beyond his race, 
 And rowes beyond his reach, 
 Sometime the blind doo goe, 
 Where perfect sights do fall ; 
 The simple may sometimes instruct 
 The wisest heads of all." 
 
 Emblem, p. 205. — 
 
 To Arthvre Starkey Esquier. 
 
Notes Literary and Biographical. 
 
 387 
 
 We may naturally look for some of the persons to whom 
 Whitney devotes his power of song in the neighbourhood where 
 he was himself born and brought up. The Starkeys, bearing for 
 their crest a stork, as a Cheshire family were settled at Stretton 
 in Budworth at least as early as the reign of Henry II. A.D. 1 1 54, p. ir 3 j5. eycester ' 
 and at Over about 1287, and on April 4th 1382, under the seal 
 Galfridi De Warburton, a release was granted to Thomas Star- 
 key of Stretton. Two Starkeys in Richard II.'s reign married two 
 coheiresses of the Oultons of Oulton and Wrenbury ; of the one p^^ln"/'?^. 
 was descended sir Humphrey Starkey, chief baron of the exche- 
 quer, and members of this family may be traced to 1728 ; of the 
 other are derived the Starkeys of Wrenbury, who became extinct 
 in 1803. 
 
 Now Wrenbury is very near to the place of Whitney's birth, 
 and to Audlem where he went to school. Contemporary with 
 him was Arthur Starkey of Wrenbury, who was buried there in ^Sre s vo i. m. 
 October 1622. His father Thomas Starkey died in 1566, and pp-*>4aAdzo 5 , 
 his mother was Katherine, daughter of sir Richard Mainwaring 
 of Ightfield in Shropshire. In the three generations preceding 
 his father the Starkeys of Wrenbury became allied with the 
 Egertons of Oulton, the Mainwarings of Peover, and the War- 
 burtons of Arley. 
 
 Emblem, p. 206. — To Jan Dovsa, son of the very noble Jan 
 Dovsa, lord of Noortwijck. 
 
 Janus Dousa, or John Vanderdoes the elder, and John Van- 
 derdoes the younger, were among the most celebrated of the 
 literary men of Holland in an age which abounded in famous 
 Dutchmen. John Vanderdoes the younger, born January 16th 
 1 571, and dying 21st December 1598, was the most renowned of 
 four brothers — himself, George, Francis and Theodore. George 
 was an accomplished linguist, and undertook a journey to Con- 
 stantinople, of which he published an account, and added to it Leyden, 
 various ancient inscriptions from different parts of Greece. C ' ° tIS " 
 Francis, like his eldest brother, was a poet and a man of consi- 
 derable learning; and Theodore, born in 11580 and dying- in Peerikamp-s 
 
 r 1 1 Latin Poets, 
 
 1603, a man of knightly rank and judge of the supreme court, pp-4°6-4°s. 
 
 was recognised among the Latin poets of his country, and known 
 
 also for his edition of Logotheta's Chronicon and other learned Francf. 1598. 
 
3 88 
 
 Notes Literary and Biographical. 
 
 works. It was however John Dousa the younger, on whose 
 untimely death Joseph Scaliger composed a long poem, an 
 " Epicediwri' or funeral dirge, and to whose memory, in modern 
 
 Leyden, 1812. times, Mattby's Sigenbeek has presented a warm " Laudatio" or 
 offering of praise. 
 
 At the time when Whitney dedicated this emblem to him he 
 had not reached his fourteenth year, but his extraordinary acquire- 
 ments at a very early age gave him a place among those who 
 were remarkable for learning even in their childhood. The Latin 
 
 intr. Dissert. stanzas bearing the name "Janvs DOVSA a. Noortwiick" pre- 
 fixed to the emblems, and attributed to the father, were really 
 the composition of the son.* In his sixteenth year he wrote 
 commentaries on Plautus, and at the age of nineteen he had 
 made annotations on several learned works. He was in fact even 
 then a poet, critic, mathematician and philosopher. His moral 
 character was not less excellent than his intellectual faculties 
 were admirable. He had been preceptor to Henry Frederic 
 prince of Orange, and was cut off in his twenty-sixth year, 
 leaving a name still fondly remembered in his native land, and 
 highly estimated in the annals of learning. 
 
 Considering his youth Whitney's emblem to him is very appro- 
 priate. It represents a man gathering grapes, treading the unripe 
 bunches under his feet, but presenting the ripe fruit to a woman 
 standing by his side. In the distance appears the bow of pro- 
 mise and Iris, the messenger of the gods, seated in expectation 
 at its feet. 
 
 In the university library of Leyden is a curious relic, re- 
 garded as having belonged to John Dousa from his fourth year 
 to his death in 1598, and then continued by some other member 
 of the family down to February 14th 1628. It is a quarto manu- 
 script, bearing on the binding the date 1575, with borders to the 
 pages of which more than one-half are not written on. Among 
 the entries one is, "A memorial relating to the marriage of 
 Ysbrandt van der Does, when he married, whom he married, 
 and the birth of his children by his wife." 
 
 A good account of John Dousa the son, is given in Peerlkamp's 
 
 * As appears in the edition of the poems of John Dousa, the son, " Jani Dousae 
 Filii Poemata" Roterodami Cio iocciv. 8™ pp. 212; where, at p. 205, occur these 
 very stanzas, "In Gulfridi Whitnei Emblemata nomine Patris." 
 
Notes Literary and Biographical. 
 
 389 
 
 "Book, concerning the Life, Learning and Genius of the Latin poets pp. 178-182. 
 of the Netherlands!' Harlem, M.DCCCXXXVII. 8vo, pp. 575. 
 
 Emblem, p. 207. — To M. William Harebrowne, at Con- 
 stantinople. 
 
 In connection with the county of Norfolk, and with Yarmouth, 
 one of its towns, we find this name variously written, as Har- 
 borne, Harbrown, Hareborne, Harbrowne, Harbourne, but all 
 referring to persons of the same family. Were there not num- 
 berless instances of similar variations we should doubt whether 
 Whitney's " William Harebrowne at Constantinople" was Hak- Hakluyt, vol. ii. 
 luyt's "master William Hareborne," "her maiesties Ambassadour pp ' 157 and l89 ' 
 or Agent, in the partes of Turkie" from 1582 to 1588. Manship's 
 History of Great Yarmouth however removes all uncertainty, for Palmer's Edition, 
 that work says expressly, " William Harborne of Mundham was v ° " P ' 
 sent Ambassador by Queen Elizabeth to the Grand Seignior in 
 1582."* The name of this William Hareborne is among the 
 names of those who joined in the pic-nic to Scratby island August 
 2nd 1580. 
 
 Sir Anthony Harborne, a knight in the army of Edward III., 
 is regarded as the ancestor of the Yarmouth family of this name, P h f p m ^'f jfp n 283 
 and the arms which he bore were granted in 1582 to "William 
 Harborne of Yarmouth and London, son of William Harborne 
 of Yarmouth, who married Joan Piers," cousin of John, arch- 
 bishop of York. 
 
 William Harebrowne, the father, was one of the bailiffs of Palmer's Man- 
 snip, vol. 1. pp. 
 
 Yarmouth in 1556, and in 1 571 and 1572, and one of the bur- * 6 >, n and l86; 
 
 J J ' •" -" 7 vol. 11. pp. 199 
 
 gesses in parliament in 1575. William Harebrowne the son is and J0Z - 
 first mentioned in 1580 and 1582. 
 
 The revival of the interrupted trade of England with the 
 Levant is attributed " to the speciall industrie of the worshipfull 
 and worthy Citizens, Sir Edward Osborne, Knight, M. Richard 
 Staper, and M. William Hareborne." In the " Queenes Com- 
 mission under her great seale" it is recited, " that wee thinking- Hakiuyt, vol. ;;. 
 
 & ° p. 158. 
 
 well, and hauing good confidence in the singular trustinesse, obe- 
 dience, wisedome, and disposition of our welbeloued seruante 
 
 * "His great-grand- daughter married Edward Ward of Bexley. She was created 
 a baroness in 1660. This was an elder branch of the family of Lord Ward." 
 
39° Notes Literary and Biographical. 
 
 William Hareborne, one of the Esquiers of our body, towards vs, 
 and our seruices, doe by these presents, make, ordaine and con- 
 stitute him our true and vndoubted Orator, Messenger, Deputie, 
 and Agent." The sovereign to whom Harebrowne was accre- 
 dited was "the most renowned, and most inuincible Prince 
 Zuldan Murad Can," the same with Amurath III., who reigned 
 from 1575 to 1595. 
 
 Hakiuyt, vol. ii. " The voyage of the Susan of London to Constantinople, wherein 
 the worshipfull M. William Harborne was sent first Ambassa- 
 dour vnto Sidtan Murad Can, the great Turke," is an account 
 well worth the reading. The ship left Blackwall the 14th of 
 November 1582, and arrived at Constantinople on the 29th of 
 March 1583, and on "the 11 day of April came to the Key of 
 the Custom house." 
 
 From his mansion, " Rapamat in Pera," Mr. Harebrowne dates 
 several letters and consular documents. He remained in charge 
 of English trade and English interests until his return " from 
 Constantinople ouerland to London, 1588." In a brief but inter- 
 esting narrative of his journey we are told that he left the city of 
 the sultan "with thirty persons of his suit and family" the 3rd 
 August 1588, passing through Romania, Wallachia and Molda- 
 via, and by the middle of September entering Poland, with the 
 chancellor of which he had an interview on the 27th of Septem- 
 ber. The exact date of his arrival in England is not noted 
 down, but he was at Hamburg the -19th of November, "and at 
 Stoad the ninth of December." 
 voi°Tp eI 3 d 3 9 It appears that soon after his return, 16th September 1589, he 
 was married to Elizabeth Drury of Besthorp, in Norfolk. He 
 now joined with sir Edward Osborne knt. and others in setting 
 Hakiuyt, vol. ii. open " a trade of merchandize and trafficke into the landes, 
 P lh ' Ilandes, Dominions and territories of the great Turke," and is 
 
 several times named in " the second letters Patents graunted by 
 the Queenes Maiestie to the Right worshipfull companie of the 
 English Marchants for the Leuant, the seventh of Januarie 1592." 
 land bk St vi E c n fv Turkey company was incorporated in 1581, and it was to 
 
 vol. hi. P . 790. promote its interests chiefly that Mr. Harebrowne had been sent 
 to Constantinople ; and by that same company various attempts 
 were made to open a direct English trade with India, until on 
 the 22nd of September 1599 about a hundred of the merchants 
 
Notes Literary and Biographical. 
 
 of London united themselves into an association known as " The 
 Governor and Company of the Merchants of London trading 
 into the East Indies." 
 
 Emblem, p. 208. — To M. Thomas Wheteley. 
 
 The name Whitley, or Wheteley, exists among Cheshire 
 names ;* but no identification of Thomas Wheteley with any 
 family in the county has been made. There was a puritan 
 vicar of Banbury in Oxfordshire, William Whateley, during the 
 greater part of the reign of James I. ; and an interesting account 
 of him, with a portrait, is given in Clarke's Marrow of Ecclesi- Edition 1634, 
 astical History. In 1570 the Domestic Series of State Papers, P 99 
 p. 381, mentions a Mr. Wheteley of Norwich as one who might 
 "well be charged with the whole or part of the loan assessed on 
 him by Privy Seal." This may have been Mr. Thomas Wheteley, 
 or of his family. 
 
 Emblem, p. 212. — To the very accomplished and very celebrated 
 physicians, John, James and Lancelot Browne. 
 
 Doubtless a most celebrated name among physicians ; but 
 Benjamin Hutchinson's Biographia Medici, or Lives and Wri- * vo ' s - 8vo > 
 
 _ London, 1799. 
 
 tings of the most eminent Medical Characters &c. from earliest 
 
 account of time to the present period, contains no mention of John, 
 
 James and Lancelot. Sir Thomas Browne, the author of Religio 
 
 Medici, though born in London in i6o5,f was of a family long 
 
 settled at Upton, near Chester, and if the three physicians whom ormerod, vol. k. 
 
 Whitney distinguishes were not brothers, one or two of them p ' w ' 
 
 might have been of the same family ; but as to Lancelot Browne, 
 
 the Coopers decide that he was a native of York, " matriculated Athen. Cantab. 
 
 as a pensioner of St. John's college in May 1559, proceeded B.A. 
 
 1562-3, and commenced M.A. 1566." In 1570 he received his 
 
 licence to practise physic, was created M.D. in 1576, and "on 10 
 
 June 1584 was admitted a fellow of the college of physicians." 
 
 * Peele hall, near Tarporley, was the residence of that zealous royalist, colonel Ormerod, vol. ii. 
 Roger Whitley, who accompanied Charles II. in his exile, and who entertained p ' l8a 
 William III. here on his passage to Ireland. An heiress of the Whitleys in 1706 p h y Q y.' ysons ' 
 brought the estate to Other Windsor, second earl of Plymouth. 
 
 "Y "Hic'situs est Thomas Browne M.D. Miles A 0 1605, Londini natus, Generosa, Blomefield, 
 Familia apud Upton in Agro Cestriensi oriundus," &c. vo1 - "• P- 26 4- 
 
 X 
 
39 2 Notes Literary and Biographical. 
 
 Smith's Gr. and 
 Rom. Biog. 
 vol.i. pp. 45 and 
 46. 
 
 " He was principal physician to queen Elizabeth, king James I. 
 and his queen. It appears that he died shortly before 1 1 Dec. 
 1605." He was the author of an Epistle prefixed to Gerard's 
 Herbal, or General History of Plants, 1597.* 
 
 The emblems which Whitney assigns to yEsculapius are very 
 correct. The sanctuary of the god, at Epidaurus, " contained a 
 magnificent statue of ivory and gold, the work of Thrasymedes, 
 in which he was represented as a handsome and manly figure, 
 resembling that of Zeus. He was seated on a throne, holding in 
 one hand a staff, and with the other resting upon the head of a 
 dragon (serpent) and by his side lay a dog." A cock was sacri- 
 ficed to him by those who had experienced healing. 
 
 Poemata, pp. 
 49-203, 
 
 Plate LIX. 
 
 Oettinger's Bib. 
 Biog. p. 376. 
 
 Biog. Univer- 
 sale, vol. xxiv. 
 PP- 551-557. 
 
 Emblem, p. 2 1 3. — To the very famous Justus Lipsius, adorned 
 with all the glory of learning and worth. 
 
 About the time that Whitney penned this dedication, the 
 youthful Latinist John Dousa had strung together above a dozen 
 elegies, odes and juvenile epigrams on the illness, or the garden, 
 or the image, or the various praises of Justus Lipsius, who then 
 filled a very large space in the affection and admiration of lite- 
 rary men. The emblem assigned to him, taken from Beza's 
 Portraits &c., represents a dog barking at the moon and stars, 
 and figures in the dog those who attacked the great luminary of 
 the university of Leyden. In learning indeed he had few, if any, 
 equals, — it was both extensive and profound ; and at this date 
 (1586) he was at the very height of his reputation, not having 
 manifested the inordinate vanity, mixed with narrowness of mind, 
 which in 1591 induced him to dedicate a silver pen to the Virgin 
 of Hall in a copy of verses filled with his own praises. In spite 
 however of his errors and weaknesses he must be regarded as a 
 man of great literary powers. 
 
 Lipsius was born at Isch near Brussels 18th October 1547, 
 and died at Louvain 24th March 1607. His school learning was 
 acquired at Brussels, Aeth and the Jesuits', college of Cologne: 
 in 1567 he went to Rome and then passed to Louvain and Vienna. 
 Soon after, in 1572, he accepted the professorship of history in 
 
 Dyer's Cam- 
 bridge, vol. i. 
 p. 250. 
 
 * A Lancelot Brown, who died in 1783, rendered himself famous for his skill in 
 landscape gardening. 
 
Notes Literary and Biographical. 
 
 393 
 
 the Lutheran university of Jena, and acknowledged the Lutheran 
 faith. In 1574 he was again a Roman Catholic in the retirement 
 of his native place, but about 1577 he filled with great renown 
 the chair of history at Leyden, where for thirteen years his ex- 
 ternal religion was Calvinistic. At the end of this period he 
 returned to Louvain, and publicly abjured the Protestant reli- 
 gion. So many changes of course exposed him to the charges 
 of inconsistency and want of conscientiousness, and doubtless he 
 is to be censured for teaching in a Protestant college that no 
 state ought to allow a plurality of religions, and for manifesting 
 such extreme credulity when he re-adopted the profession of his 
 youth. He was however a great scholar and a sound critic, as 
 his works testify.* 
 
 An entire edition of his works was published at the Plantin 
 press in Antwerp, four vols, in folio, in 1637, and justifies Oettinger 
 in naming him "philologue beige du premier ordre." For a Bib.Biog. p.376. 
 fuller account of his life and writings the reader may consult 
 Chalmers's Gen. Biog. Diet. vol. xx. pp. 314-319, and Biographie 
 Universelle, vol. xxiv. pp. 551-557. 
 
 Emblem, p. 215. — To M. John Goslinge. 
 
 Whitney had established friendships with several persons of 
 
 * Several of his works issued from the Plantin press at Antwerp, as 
 
 "Justi Lipsii variarum lectionum libri iiii. Ad illustrissimum et amplissimum Ann. de l'lmp, 
 
 Antonium Perrenotum, S. R. E. cardinalem. " cio.io.lxix., — the first ^ 1 ^ tinienne . 
 
 work which Lipsius published. 
 " Corn. Taciti opera cum notis Justi Lipsii. " 8vo. 1574. p , 49 
 
 "Justi Lipsii antiquarum lectionum commentarius, tributus in libros quinque," p . 16;. 
 
 &c. " Plauti prsecipue," &c. 8vo. m.d.lxxv. 
 "Justi Lipsii epistolicarum quaestionum libri v." &c. "Plerasque ad T. Livium p. 182. 
 
 notas." 8vo. m.d.LXXVII. 
 " Titi Livii Historiarum liber primus ex recensione Justi Lipsii." 8vo. 1579. p. 199. 
 " C. Cornelii Taciti opera omnia quae exstant. Quorum index pagina sequenti J. pp . 224 and 277. 
 
 Lipsius denuo castigavit et recensuit. " 8vo. M. D. lxxxi. ; also cio. io. lxxxv. 
 "Justi Lipsii Saturnalium sermonum libri duo qui de G-ladiatoribus. " 4to. 1582; pp . 242 and 282. 
 
 also 1585. 
 
 " Justi Lipsii Electorum libri duo. " 4to. 1582. p. 242. 
 
 "Justi Lipsii de Constantia libri duo," &c. 4to and 8vo. 1584; also CI3. id. lxxxv. pp . 265 and 28a. 
 And from the Plantin press at Leyden. 
 
 "Justi Lipsii antiquarian lectiones. Epist. quaest. Electa varise lect. Satyra Menipp. p - l88 - 
 
 De amphitheatro in et de eo extra Romam." 1585. 
 " Justi Lipsii politicorum sive civiles doctrinse libri sex." 4to. 1589. P- m - 
 
394 Notes Literary and Biographical. 
 
 repute in East Anglia. This Mr. John Gostlinge, or Gostlin, was 
 a native of Norwich, and chosen Fellow of Gonvile and Caius 
 college, Cambridge, in 1591. He was appointed Proctor in 1600, 
 Norfoik el voi graduated as Doctor of Physic in 1602, and became Warden 
 pp. 216 and 214. February 16th 161 8. On that same day and year he was also 
 elected Vice-chancellor. "This learned and excellent Gouernor 
 of the College," records Blomefield, "died October 21, 1626, and 
 is still commemorated on that day." There is this inscription 
 to the memory of Dr. Tomas Legge,* in which he is named, 
 
 " Jvnxit Amor vivos, sic jvngat terra sepvltos 
 gostlini reliqvvm cor tibi leggus habes 
 moriendo vtvit." 
 
 Dr. Gostlin was one of the executors to his old friend and prede- 
 cessor in office. 
 
 Emblem, p. 217. — To M. Elcocke, Preacher. 
 At Poole, a township in the parish of Acton, about two and a 
 quarter miles N.N.W. from Nantwich, a family of the name of 
 The Lysons, Elcocke possessed the estate of White Poole in the reign of 
 
 pp. 381, 403 and . 
 
 475. Edward VI., and resided there for more than two centuries and 
 
 a half, until the death of Mrs. Ann Elcocke in 18 12, when under 
 her will the property passed to her nephew William Massey, and 
 is now enjoyed by Francis Elcock Massey esq. 
 
 Ormerod, vol. iii. The Elcockes were originally of Stockport. Alexander Elcocke, 
 
 pp. 188 and 164. 
 
 Lane. mss. wno died November 15th 1550, left four sons, of whom the eldest, 
 Francis, died October 14th 1 591, and the fourth son was named 
 Thomas. A Thomas Elcocke occurs as rector of Barthomley in 
 Cheshire before 1605, and this is the Mr. Elcocke, preacher, 
 whom Whitney commemorates. 
 
 June 15, 1865. " Preacher," says the Rev. Canon Raines in a communication 
 with which he favoured me, "would be the highest style of com- 
 mendation and address in an age when there were very few of 
 the sacred calling able to preach." He also supplies me with the 
 
 Lane. mss. following facts : "1576-7, March 24. Mr. Thomas Elcocke pre- 
 
 53 and 42'. sented to the Rectory of Barthomley by Robert Fullerhurst of 
 Crewe on the death of Robert Kinsey, Clerk, the last Parson. 
 He afterwards gave bond to the Bishop of Chester on being in- 
 
 * See Athenm Cantabrigienses, vol. ii. pp. 454-457. 
 
Notes Literary and Biographical. 395 
 
 stituted." Elcocke's ministry at Barthomley probably terminated 
 about 161 7. 
 
 In that age, as we learn from Shakespeare's sir Hugh Evans, Notes and 
 
 & ' r 1 Queries, vol. i. 
 
 it was not unusual to give the title sir to clergymen who had not pp- »34, 299 
 
 0 OJ and 401. 
 
 proceeded to the Master of Arts' degree. The Rev. Edward History of 
 Hinchliffe names Thomas Elcocke, clericus, but records a little Edit h i856, y PP . 
 bit of gossip respecting him, the very year in which Whitney's 43 ' 44 ^ iSi ' 
 emblem is dedicated to him, " 1586." In this year the parish- 
 ioners of Barthomley preferred numerous complaints against 
 their parson, sir Thomas Elcocke (inter alia), " That he greatly 
 abused his Parishioners, and patron of the church, and that his 
 curate, sir Robert Andrew, was a brawler and a drunkard, and 
 was so drunk returning from Nantwich that had it not been for 
 Robert Lant and Robert Yardley drawing him out of the water, 
 he had been in danger of his life." The tenor of the narrative 
 shows that if there was truth there was no less malice in some 
 of the witnesses. 
 
 Emblem, p. 219. — "In amove tormentum" In love torment. 
 
 The gnats round the candle are favourites with the emblem 
 writers. Whitney borrows the device from Corrozet's Hecatom- Plate xxxn. 
 graphie, printed at Paris in 1540, and it occurs also in Le Sen- Essay i. P .z4i. 
 tentiose hnprese of Symeoni and Giovio ; but neither of these 
 writers gives more than a stanza of four lines, and Whitney, 
 according to his wont, extends the subject thirty lines, with many 
 examples by way of warning to the inexperienced. 
 
 The device and the Italian motto are both claimed by Symeoni Dev. Her. et 
 as his own invention, for he says, " Vn gentilhomme mien amy 1561, p.'zji. 
 estant amoureax, me pria de luy frontier vne deuise, pourquoy ie 
 hiy feis pourtraire vn Papillon a Centovr d vne chandelle allumee 
 auec ces paroles : " COSI VIVO PIACER CONDVCE A MORTE." 
 
 Emblem, p. 222. — To Mr. Rawlins, Preacher. 
 
 As there is no Christian name added, and there were in Mary's 
 and Elizabeth's reigns many preachers of the name of Rawlins, 
 or Rawlinges, we have some license in considering whom Whit- 
 ney intended. " A brief discours off the troubles begonne at 
 Franckford in Germany Anno Domini 1554; abowte the Booke 
 off common prayer and ceremonies," published in 1575, contains 
 
396 Notes Literary and Biographical. 
 
 the names " off such as subscribed" to " the Discipline reformed 
 and confirmed by the authorities off the churche and Magistrate," 
 and among the names is William Raulinges, elsewhere in the 
 same book spelt Rawlinges. The date of the subscription is 
 about 1557. 
 
 Erkinald Rawlins and Dorothy his wife, Mr. Raines informs 
 me, were friends of Bradford the martyr, and there is an inter- 
 esting letter from Bradford addressed to them, and also a letter 
 Parker Society, from Rawlins to Bradford, dated Antwerp, July 31st 1554. The 
 and 97. two Rawlins and others were sent to the Tower by queen Mary 
 
 ^ r o r' sD!ary ' 1 8th March 1555-6. 
 
 vo r i m i er p d 26i Among the vicars of St. Peter, Chester, is entered, "1570 
 January 9, Edward Rawlins," who remained vicar unto March 
 
 p d i358 749 ' J 4 tn I 573> when he resigned; and in the " Typographical Anti- 
 quities of Joseph Ames" is mentioned " 1591 R Rawlins consort 
 of the creatures with the creator, and with themselves." 
 
 But not one of these is the Rawlins of Whitney's emblem ; 
 that was a Norfolk friend of the poet's, John Rawlyns, who on 
 
 Biomefieid , vol i. the 8th March 1581 was presented by the earl of Sussex and 
 
 pp. 355 and 237. J 
 
 Henry Gurney esq. to the united rectory of Atleburgh. In 
 Mortimer's chapel against the east wall of the church is or was a 
 mural monument, with the Rawlins' arms, and beginning 
 
 " dfut BJa^anneS Mafolgng, $artI)ampt0m^l^itJi. , ' 
 From the inscription we learn that he was born at Paston, and 
 educated at Spalding in Lincolnshire ; that he was a scholar of 
 St. John's college, Cambridge, and that he was rector of Atleburgh 
 for thirty-three years, dying May 2nd 1614, in the 67th year of 
 his age. 
 
 " Cortum mff){ tarn JBtrmmltum." 
 
 His eulogy is set forth in two elegiac stanzas, it being premised 
 that he had only one wife, by name Mary, dear, prudent, frugal, 
 faithful, buried here beside him, and that he left four sons and 
 two daughters, well brought up : 
 
 " If, Reader, thou seekest why this stone should speak, 
 Here are entombed the vast riches of his genius ; 
 The praises of Rawlings living, living tongues did praise, 
 His duties of life discharged, the rocks cannot be silent." 
 
 Emblem, p. 222. — To Mr. Steevenson, Preacher. 
 
Notes Literary and Biographical. 397 
 
 There was a Mr. William Stevenson, prebendary of Durham, 
 1 561— 1 575, a friend of bishop Pilkington ; whether he left a son 
 also a preacher is not known, but himself died in 1575. I do not 
 find the name either in the Athena Oxonienses or the Athence 
 Cantabrigienses, at the time in question, 1 5 86. Ormerod's Cheshire 
 is silent, and so is Blomefield's Norfolk. 
 
 The device from Hadrian Junius, edition 1564, is noteworthy piate xxvi«. 
 for the spirited execution of it ; the rats indeed are triumphant, 
 and the cats very subdued. To the beautiful border there is 
 nothing superior in the whole compass of emblem literature. 
 Note also the border of the plates XXVlb, XXVIc, and XXVld. 
 These, as we have before remarked, p. 250, are the sources of the 
 borders for Whitney's devices. 
 
 Emblem, p. 223. — To Mr. Knewstvb, Preacher. 
 
 Were Whitney addicted to satire, we might conjecture that Plate v. 
 both the device and the stanzas were an indirect reproof of the 
 preacher whom he names. This was John Knewstub, B.D., at 
 the time of the emblems being published chaplain to the earl of 
 Leicester, and frequently mentioned in the histories of the day. 
 He was born at Kirby Stephen, Westmoreland, in 1540, and 
 probably educated there until he entered at Cambridge. Like 
 many from the north of England he was chosen fellow of St. 
 John's college, and afterwards ranked among its benefactors. 
 During his residence in the university he united with Dr. Andrews 
 and Dr.^Chadderton in the observance of weekly meetings for 
 conference upon Scripture. There is "A Sermon preached at 
 Paules Crosse the Fryday before Easter, 1576, by I. Knewstub ;" 
 and a work, which passed through several editions, 1 577-1600, 
 authorized by the bishop of London, and dedicated "to the 
 Lady Anne, Countesse of Warwick," the wife of Ambrose 
 Dudley ; " The LECTVRES of John Knewstub, vpon the twentieth 
 Chapter of Exodus, and certeine other places of Scripture." 
 4to. 
 
 On his removing from Cambridge, in 1579, Knewstub became 
 rector at Cockfield in Suffolk, and gained distinction as the leader 
 of the Puritan and Nonconformist clergy in the counties of 
 Norfolk, Suffolk, and Cambridge. When the earl of Leicester 
 was sent into the Netherlands, Knewstub accompanied hirn as 
 
398 
 
 Notes Literary and Biographical. 
 
 cor y re!pondence, chaplain, and a note on a letter from Walsyngham to Leicester, 
 Bruce's Edit. ' 2 ^ Apri i j ^g^ narrates t h e celebration of St. George's day in the 
 earl's court at Utrecht, and informs us " then began prayers and a 
 sermon by master Knewstubs my lords chaplaine, after which 
 my lord proceeded to the offering, first for her majesty and then 
 for himself, &c." 
 
 Neaie's Puritans, i n 1 6 0 r> Knewstub was one of the Puritan divines who took 
 
 Edit. 1822, vol. 11. ^ 
 
 p- IJ - part in the Hampton court conference before James I., and 
 
 maintained that "rites and ceremonies were at best but indif- 
 ferent, and therefore doubted, whether the power of the church 
 could bind the conscience without impeaching Christian liberty." 
 He died May 29th 1624, at the age of 84* 
 
 Emblem, p. 224. — To M. Andrewes, Preacher. 
 Fain would we make out that this was the celebrated Lancelot 
 Andrews, in succession bishop of Chichester, Ely and Winches- 
 ter ; but as he was only born in 1565, he would be only a student, 
 not a preacher, in 1586. As far as name and locality are con- 
 cerned, the Andrewes of the emblem may have been in 1586 
 Elcocke's curate at Barthomley, not far from Nantwich, and 
 whom Hinchliffe names "a brawler and a drunkard," " Sir Robert 
 Palmer's Man- Andrew." The History of Great Yarmouth however shows very 
 p- >si- decisively who was Whitney's Andrewes the preacher : In " 1585 
 
 Mr. Andrews, a learned and godly preacher, was appointed by 
 the corporation, with a salary of ^"50 a year, and a house was 
 built for his residence." Bartimaeus Andrewes was his name, and 
 he was the author of A Catechism with Prayers, 8vo, London, 
 
 I59I- 
 
 This Mr. Andrewes seems to have been a very pains-taking 
 and deserving clergyman, for in 1 591 the corporation agreed to 
 give him £50 a year " if he be not put to silence ;" but if he were 
 silenced they mark their sense of his merit by still promising to 
 pay him £2$ a year. In 1600 they paid him £$2 10s. "for his 
 pains and labour, he giving the town a general acquittance." 
 
 Notes and *To those desirous of pursuing this subject the references by C. H. Cooper may be 
 
 Queries, vol. xii. useful . Brook » s Lives 0 f the p ur i ta ns, vol. ii. p. 308 ; Strype's Life of Whitgift, pp. 
 
 328, 572, 575 ; Strype's Annals, vol. i. p. 625, vol. ii. p. 608, Appeml. p. 160, vol. iii. 
 
 p. 471, Append, p. 188 ; Page's Supplement io Suffolk Traveller, pp. 9, 35 ; Peck's 
 
 Desiderata Ctiriosa, lib. vi, numb. 8. 
 
Notes Literary and Biographical. 
 
 399 
 
 Emblem, p. 227. — To M. Iames Ionson. 
 Previous to 1593 there was a Mr. Hamnet Johnson, merchant 
 of Chester, and a fair tomb existed to another of the same name 
 " untimely deceased, and thus writ upon" : Itoyi ^ a 4 8 
 
 "Here lieth the Body (^William Johnson, Merchant; sometime 
 Alderman of this City, who died the 12th day of January 
 Anno Dom. 1607. 
 
 Vivit post funera virtus." 
 
 Among the rectors of Church Coppenhall, which is about five chesh? e ° vol ;ii 
 miles N.E. from Nantwich, Ormerod places Anthony Johnson, p- '7 6 - 
 who occupied the rectory from 1583 to 162 1. 
 
 Whether James Jonson was of either of these families remains 
 altogether uncertain, but the vicinity of Coppenhall to Nantwich 
 suggests that he may have been allied to Anthony Johnson. 
 
 Emblem, p. 228. — To M. Howlte, Preacher. 
 
 The name Holt is of high antiquity in Cheshire. The manor 
 of Wimbersley, or Wimbaldesley, near Middlewich, with Lea 
 hall, belonged to the family of Holt for several generations ; and 
 the manor of Sale, once " the property of Geffrey, son of Adam ^^fi^fa 
 Dutton, ancestor of the Warburtons," was bestowed by him " in 
 year 11 87 on two of his gentlemen, Richard Mascie and Thomas 
 Holte," and " their descendants continued to hold it in moities in 
 the reign of Queen Elizabeth." From this family of Holts there- 
 fore might be Mr. Howlte the preacher. 
 
 But the name Holt is not unfrequent in Lancashire, and a Lane. mss. 
 
 A vol. xiv. p. 50. 
 
 Mr. William Holte, second son of Robert Holte of Ashworth 
 hall, is mentioned in the 1st of Elizabeth. In 1589 he is de- 
 scribed as brother of Holte of Ashworth, a Jesuit, and in league 
 with cardinal Allen and others against queen Elizabeth. It is 
 not however probable that Whitney, himself of puritan leanings, 
 would entitle such a man a preacher. 
 
 A curious old book, before quoted p. 396, in the library of Mr. Letter, Oct. *?, 
 Toulmin Smith of Highgate, near London, among the names 
 "off such as subscribed," in 1557 at Francfort, "The Discipline 
 reformed and confirmed by the authorities of the churche and 
 Magistrate," records "John Olde ;" not very like indeed to 
 Holte, but opposite is marked in pencil by some one who made 
 
 Y 
 
4-00 Notes Literary and Biographical. 
 
 inquiry into the fact the name Howlte, and thus, one of the con- 
 fessors under Mary's reign, may claim to be Whitney's " Howlte 
 the Preacher" in 1586. 
 
 Emblem, p. 230. — "Tempus omnia terminat," Time terminates 
 all things. 
 
 With the final device of Whitney's emblems we place by way 
 Plate xxxv. of contrast the device from Coustau to the motto " Le Temps 
 fait tout," Time accomplishes every thing. It is a quaint and 
 curious ditty, that old French of his : 
 
 " The man well advised plucks hair after hair 
 At his leisure from tail of his horse ; 
 Be it good, be it bad, the foolish by force 
 
 At one jerk leaves the animal bare. 
 
 Time and labour conjoined, together work well; — 
 All things they bestow, as all people must know 
 Whom despair never grieves here below ; 
 
 Time and labour together, they ever excell." 
 
 Per ccecum videt omnia picnctum. 
 
ADDENDA. 
 
 U Nyenhuis, is, Spiegel der Sassen. 
 
 UESTIONS still remain unconsidered ; but 
 here, in the Addenda, only a few of them 
 will be introduced. 
 
 Introductory Dissertation, p. xiv. — 
 "Gerard Leeu." An earlier work from Leeu's Diss. Hist, jurid. 
 
 ii i a -i i t i Leyden, 1819, 
 
 press is dated 22nd April 1472, but I have p. 439- 
 not seen it : the title, as given by M. Bodel 
 
 Whitney's Autographs, p. xl. (note t). — Since this note was written, 
 the courtesy of George W. Napier esq. of Alderley Edge, Cheshire, has 
 supplied me with the means of giving a photo-lithograph impression piate xliii«. 
 of the title-page of the very book mentioned in Notes and Queries, and 
 of which he has lately become the purchaser ; it is Ocland's Battles of 
 the English,* a Latin hexameter poem of about 3420 lines, dedicated 
 "Ad Illvstrissimam, Potentissimamqve Principem, D. Elizabetham, 
 Anglic, Francice, Hibernitz Reginam, fidei propugnatricem" and 
 preceded by her arms. A comparison between the autographs on pi a te xliim. 
 Plate VII. and Plate XLIIIa: will justify the conclusion that they were 
 written by the same hand. Whitney's writing also appears, I think, on 
 Plate XIII. in the words "Soli dei honor et gloria in ceua sempiterna. 
 Amen." 
 
 * "The Tenour of the Letters," "from the ffiotttt at Greenewich, tfje 21 of UpVtll. 
 1582," "directed by the Lords of hir highnesse prime Counsell to her Maiesties high 
 comissioners in causes Ecclesiasticall," enjoins, "the publike receyuing and teaching 
 of Ch. Ocklandes Booke in all Grammer and freeschooles within this Realme. " The 
 letters are signed by Ambrose Warwicke, Robert Leicester, and others, and assign as 
 a reason that "m common scljooles, inhere timers heathen Poets are oroutartlg reaU 
 ano taught," " the gouthc of tfje realme tfoth rathce receme infection tn manners than 
 aouauncetttent tn faertue." Bound up in the same volume is Ocland's "EIPHNAPXIA," 
 on the peaceful state of England under Elizabeth, a Latin poem of 1096 lines; and 
 Alexander Neville's Kettvs, a history in Latin prose of Rett's insurrection in Norfolk. 
 
4-02 
 
 Addenda. 
 
 Plates xi*. Introd. Disser. pp. xli-xlii. — " Coole Pilate, in the parish of Acton." 
 
 and XIII«. - . ' . 1 
 
 A drawing of the house which tradition assigns as Whitney s birthplace 
 is presented among the illustrations, and also of the church of the parish 
 of Acton in which " the Mannour of Cole Pilate" is situated. The old 
 portion of the house has most of the characteristics of a Cheshire home 
 of Elizabeth's time, and the tradition therefore possesses some of the 
 elements of authenticity; yet as Whitney writes of the phoenix, 
 
 Plates xii. Introd. Disser. p. lv. — "Account in Latin of a visit to Scratby 
 
 Island," from Whitney's entry on the rolls in the archives of Great 
 Yarmouth, August 2nd 1580. 
 
 Anno i S 8o. aftOttO £5«un&CI tiic mettSStSi EUflUStt UttttO presenti, Domini Ballivi 
 Plate xii. *^ cum venerabili consortio tarn Millitum quam generosorum et aliorum 
 expertorum hominum associati, unacum quibusdam Burgensibus pru- 
 dentissimis et maxime discretis, In insulam quandam novam, Tria 
 milliaria de villa distantem, nuper ex borialiali parte e contra Scrotbie 
 crescentem, Et continuis ventorum motibus ex arena, conglomeratam et 
 exaggeratam, transfretabant. ufit OUWPSi insimull prandebant (&t postea 
 super eandem globulabantur, Et nomen de l^WUlUti) Ilande eidem 
 imposuerunt. <J£t quia speraverunt eandem, tempore futuro ventorum 
 continuis flatibus auctam fore, Et idcirco piscatoribus, nautis et omni- 
 bus per eundem cursum navigantibus maximo adiumento et sublevamini 
 esse : $foeo superiorem eiusdem partem cum Sepe cinxerunt, per quam, 
 arena tardata, citius acervus et congeries eiusdem in molem accumu- 
 late esset, et paulatim in firmam terram crescerett et corroboraretur, 
 bt IttO HuSJHCaitte parvo Temporis spatio ab vehementissimis Tem- 
 pestatum incursionibus, naves cum quaque eandem commorantes, quasi 
 in tuto portu ab omni periculo preservative] essent, et custodirentur. 
 ©UtU£S<tUtliam Insulee Longitudo tunc per estimationem continebat 
 ferme unum milliarium, Et latitudo idem [?] 
 
 piate xiii. Nomina wtum Cam ©enerosorum 
 
 quam Burgensium et Nautarum, qui prsedicta Insula tunc ingrediebantur, 
 sequuntur; viz. 
 
 " And thoughe for truthe, this manie do declare, 
 Yet thereunto, I meane not for to sweare." 
 
 and XIII. 
 
 Nomina militum : 
 
 C Edwardus fflowerdewe sergentus ad legem. 
 
 Nomina Armigerorum : \ 
 
 I Thomas Tasberowe ~) 
 I Thomas Blowerhasset }- Armigeri. 
 I Philippus Wudhowse j 
 
Addenda. 
 
 403 
 
 Nomina Generosorum : - 
 
 Nomina Ballivorum : 
 Senesc: nom. 
 
 { 
 
 Henricus Appleyard 
 Johannes Shelton 
 Ichingham Evered 
 Owenu3 Bowes 
 Bichardus Louedaie 
 ffrancis Traver 
 Willielmus Downinge 
 Johannes Knevytt 
 Thomas Robinson 
 Thomas Seman 
 
 Radulphus Wulhowse 
 Johannes Giles 
 
 Generosi. 
 
 I Ballivi. 
 
 Carolus Calthorpe armiger Senescallus. 
 
 Willielmus Harebrowne 
 Johannes Wakeman 
 Eadulphus Tompson 
 Johannes ffelton 
 Thomas Damett 
 Johannes Greenewoodd 
 Nomina Burgensium : \ Galfridus Whitney 
 
 Johannes Smithe, senior 
 Johannes Boulden 
 Thomas Cottie 
 Thomas Moniman 
 Johannes Eeede 
 •- Bichardus Smith 
 
 Burgenses. 
 
 /Johannes Dicke \ 
 Badolphus Ingham 
 i Matthaeus Crabbe rNauta?. 
 
 Nomina 
 Nautarum . j acomis Robinson 
 ^Bichardus Dart 
 
 Nomina 
 Nautarum 
 
 /Thomas ffullmer \ 
 
 I Bichardus Clarke 
 \ Willielmus Greene j-Nautae. 
 ' 1 Bichardus Newton | 
 
 ^ Henricus ffuller ' 
 
 Soli dei honor et gloria in ceua semfiterna. Amen. 
 
 Note. — The last line, "Soli dei" Src, appears to be in Whitney's own 
 handwriting, — the rest to have been copied upon the roll by his clerk, 
 who certainly was not a perfect Latin grammarian, or he would not 
 have written naves, preservati essent. 
 
 A translation of Whitney's "Account " is printed in Palmer's Man- 
 ship's History of Great Yarmouth, but as the exact designations of the Vol. i. p. 105-6. 
 original Latin are not given, nor the order and spelling of the names 
 observed,* I here append another version : 
 
 ^Furthermore, on tfje gtcoift tiag of the month of august in tfte a d. i 5 so. 
 
 licat (now) present, the Master Bailiffs associated with a worshipfull 
 company as well of knights as of gentlemen and other men of expe- 
 rience, together with certain most prudent and highly discreet Burgesses, 
 
 * The original has forty-three names : Manship's translation gives forty-five, two 
 additional being inserted — "John Bladded gent," and "Mr.Henry Manship." The 
 probability is that Whitney's clerk had inadvertently omitted these two names, and 
 that Manship, who wrote his history not later than 1614, knowing of their presence at Introd. Diss, 
 the corporation's gipseying, therefore placed them on his list. p ' sa ' 
 
Addenda. 
 
 crossed over the channel to a certain new island, Three miles distant 
 from the town, lately growing up on the northern part opposite to 
 Scrotbie, And by the constant movements of the winds gathered out of 
 the sand and heaped up. SSJRfjete all at the same time dined glnrj after- 
 wards played at bowls upon the same, And to the same gave the name 
 of 2?erm0Uti) Island. SUntl because they hoped that the same in future 
 time would be increased by the constant blowing of the winds, and so 
 be of the greatest help and succour to fishermen, sailors and all persons 
 sailing by the same course, 'QLfytWiQXZ they girded the higher part of 
 the same with a Hedge by which the sand being retarded, the heap and 
 gathering together of the same might be the sooner accumulated into a 
 huge mass, and by little and little might grow and be strengthened into 
 firm ground, tfjat, fcg <5§0rj'g farjOUt, in a small space of time, ships, 
 whenever tarrying at the same, might be kept and guarded from the 
 most violent assaults of Tempests, as in a harbour safe from every 
 danger. <JM il)f)tcf) $0latttl the Length by estimation then contained 
 almost a mile and the breadth about the same. 
 
 The names of the knights, esquires, gentlemen, bailiffs, burgesses and 
 sailors may easily be made out from the Latin original, to which readers 
 are referred. 
 
 Introd. Disser. p. lxxiv. — " ra rpia ravra." Faith, Hope and 
 Charity, here symbolized by the cross, the anchor and the dove, were 
 also symbolized, though in a different manner, by Lorenzo the Magni- 
 piate lxx. ficent. Giovio's Dialogo, pp. 42, 43, as translated by Daniell, gives us 
 the following account : " Iou. I canot go beyond the three Diamats 
 which the great Cosimo did beare, which you see engrauen in the 
 chamber wherein I lye. But to tell you the trueth, although with all 
 diligece I haue searched, yet canot I find precisely what they signifie, 
 & thereof also doubted Pope Clemet, who in his meaner fortune lay 
 also in the selfe same chamber. And trueth it is that he sayd, the 
 Magnifico Lorenzo vsed one of them with greate brauerie, inserting it 
 betweene three feathers of three sundrie colours, greene, white, and red : 
 which betokened three vertues, Faith, Hope and Charitie, appropriate 
 to those three colours : Hope, greene : Faith, white : Charitie, red, with 
 this worde, Semper, belowe it. Which Impresa hath bene vsed of all 
 the successors of his house, yea, and of the Pope : who did beare it 
 imbrodered on the vpper garments of the horsmen of his garde, vnder 
 that of the yoke." 
 
 Whitney's Mottoes, pp. lxxv-lxxx. — In general, Whitney has given 
 
Addenda. 
 
 405 
 
 the same mottoes as the authors whose devices he has appropriated, 
 but in several instances — probably in upwards of sixty — while imitating 
 and adopting the devices, he made some changes in the mottoes ; thus : 
 
 Page. Motto. Author. 
 
 184 .ZEstuans inuidise nocendi 
 
 libido. Myth. Mh, 69 
 
 93 Aliena si aestimaris infor- 
 . fortunia, Tunc aequiore 
 
 mente perferes tua. Faerni, p. 56 
 
 211 A matrimonio absit svspi- 
 
 cio. P. Poesis, 77 
 
 29 Amor filiorum. Alo. 193, 667 
 
 1 90 J. Bis dat qui tempestive 
 
 donat. Dev. Her. 172 
 
 140 Cards queritur niruium no- 
 cere. Samb. p. 183 
 82 Cauendum a meretricibus Ale. 76, 284 
 
 102 Ooelitus impendet. Dev. Her. 82 
 
 178 Coelum, non animum mu- 
 tant. Samb. p. 104 
 
 67 Conscientia integra, lau- 
 
 rus. Samb. p. 14 
 
 98 Oonsueuere homines, euentu 
 
 si qua sinistro Vota ca- 
 
 duut, iis sese &c. Faerni, p. 36 
 156 Corrumpunt multi, atque 
 
 hominum de pectore do- 
 lent Offensis sua seepe 
 
 novis &c. Faerni, p. 114 
 
 214 Dives indoctus. Alo. 189, 658 
 
 153a. Divina ingratos homines 
 
 vlciscitur ira. Faerni, p. 118 
 
 5 Doctos doctis obloqui ne- 
 
 fas esse. Ale. 179, 617 
 
 147 Dulcia quandoque amara 
 
 fieri. Ale. 111, 391 
 
 68 Ecquis discernit utrum- 
 
 que. Dev. Her. 88 
 
 115 Etiam Eortunam. Dev. Her. 132"" 
 in Et pati fortia. Dev. Her. 73 
 
 37 'ExBpibv &$a>pa 5Spa. Ale. 167, 579 
 155 Exitium natis parit indul- 
 
 gentia patrum. Faerni, 120 
 
 124 Eictus amicus. Samb. p. 198 
 
 12 Hac iliac perfluo. Dev. Her. 89 
 57 Impossibile. Ale. 59, 235 
 
 38 In adulari nescientem. Ale. 35, 160 
 202 In aulicos. Ale. 86, 316 
 144 In avaros, vel quibus melior 
 
 conditio ab extraneis of- 
 fertur. Ale. 89, 323 
 
 770. In deprehensum. Ale. 21, 102 
 
 94 Invidia. Ale. 71, 271 
 16 In eos qui supra vires qui- 
 
 quam audent. Ale. 58, 232 
 
 79 Lascivia. Ale. 79, 294 
 
 162 Lupus efc Mulier. Faerni, p. 128 
 210 Magna mala ex leuibusvitat 
 
 mens prouicla signis. Faerni, p. 1 25 
 
 Motto. A vthor. 
 
 189 Maleficio beneficium com- 
 
 pensatum. Myth. Fth. 177 
 
 170 Male parta, male dilabun- 
 
 ter. Ale. 128, 462 
 
 158 Morosa, & discors vel mor- 
 
 tua litigat uxor. Faerni, p. 49 
 39 Ne incerta certis antepo- 
 
 nantur, veto. Faerni, p. 91 
 
 58 Non dolo, sed vertute. Samb. p 110 
 99 Nupta contagioso. Ale. 197, 681 
 52J. Obnoxia infirmitas. Ale. 169, 585 
 48 Ocni effigies de iis qui me- 
 retricibus donent quod 
 in bonos usus verti de- 
 bent. Ale. 91, 328 
 15 3 J. Paratus animo contra ini- 
 qua casuum, Aut vincet 
 ilia, aut &c. Faerni, p. 133 
 54a. Parem delinquentis et 
 
 suasoris culpam esse. Ale. 173,596 
 117 Parce Imperator. Dev. Her. 76 
 196 Pennse gloria immortalis. Jun. 60,66 
 96 Petram imitare iuuentus. Jun. 59, 65 
 149 QiXavrla. Ale. 69, 261 
 
 9 Plusquam Diomedis & 
 
 Grlauci permutatio. Samb. p. 28 
 200 Principis dementia. Ale. 148, 528 
 108 Prudentes. Ale. 18, 92 
 
 75 Quse supra nos, nihil ad 
 
 nos. Ale. 102, 358 
 
 160 Quern bilinguemnosti; ami- 
 cum ne tibi hunc adscis- 
 cito. Faerni, p. 97 
 
 78 Qui alta contemplantur, 
 
 cadere. Ale. 104, 367 
 
 157 Quid rerum causas, na- 
 turseque abdita quseris, 
 &c. Faerni, p. 123 
 
 86 Eestat ex victore Ori- 
 
 entis. Dev. Her. 31 
 
 227 Solus pro meretis. Dev. Her. 161 
 191 Spe allectat inani. Dev. Her. 93 
 137 Spes proxima. Ale. 43, 188 
 
 186 Sur la Harpe d'Orpbeus. Pegme, 389 
 143 Ulterius ne tende odijs. Dev. Her. 93 
 47 Unum nihil, duos pluri- 
 
 mam posse. Ale. 41, 185 
 
 171 Vsus, non lectio prudentes 
 
 facit. Samb. p. 62 
 
 4 Veritas tempore reuelatur, 
 
 dissidio obruitur. Jun. 53, 59 
 91 Vicinitas mala instar infor- 
 
 tunii est. Faerni, p. 95 
 
 172 Vita mortalium vigilia. Jun, 5, 11 
 
406 
 
 Addenda. 
 
 The Frontispiece, p. 232. — Armorial Bearings of Andreas Alciatus, 
 Plate xvi. emblazoned in 1546, from the edition of his emblems by Aldus: 
 
 " Never procrastinate. 
 Of Alciat's race the elk the motto bears, 
 ' Procrastination every moment shun.' 
 
 The conqueror answered one who longed to know 
 How he so much in time so short had done ; 
 ' Never of will defer ;' the elk declares, 
 
 That swift as strong his course shall onward go." 
 
 Essay I., p. 233. — Whitney made a selection from the labours of 
 earlier writers, and especially from those whose works had been im- 
 printed "in the house of Christopher Plantyn." 
 
 This statement furnishes the reason why there should be so very 
 many correspondences and resemblances between Whitney and his 
 predecessors for nearly a century in the same art, and yet that abso- 
 lute identities should be confined to the circle of writers that were 
 patronized at Antwerp and Leyden. Looking at his work, and 
 
 Pages 3-16. particularly at the " Epistle Dedicatorie " and the address " to the 
 Reader," we can scarcely admit that he was unaware of the Treatises 
 on Devices of Arms and Love, by Giovio, Ruscelli and Dominicho. In the 
 Choice of Emblemes so many counterparts exist, set forth with word, 
 device and stanza, to the descriptions and mottoes of these three Italian 
 writers, that it is only reasonable to infer Whitney's knowledge of them, 
 and unconscious if not direct use of the materials which they supply. 
 
 We will therefore, so far as relates to Whitney, trace out some corre- 
 spondences and resemblances, and the more so because the principles, 
 history and construction of emblems which Giovio's Treatise develops 
 possess high value in themselves, and present many points of interest 
 in connection with emblem art. Besides this plan will afford a suitable 
 opportunity for introducing some of the historical anecdotes with which 
 certain devices and mottoes are accompanied. 
 
 For this purpose we take the seven emblems from Whitney, on pages 
 in, 121, 139a, 140, 153a, 166 and 195, which correspond in their 
 
 Plate lx. mottoes or general nature with seven others in Giovio's Dialogo, edition 
 in Roma m.d.lv.* 
 
 Emb. p. in. Whitney's motto, "pielas in patriam," and the device of Scsevola's 
 Dialogo, P . 64. hand thrust into the flame, correspond with Giovio's "fortia facere et 
 pati Romanvm est" To do braue deeds and to suffer belongs to a Roman. 
 
 * We give the references to the Italian of Giovio, Ed. 1555, and the translation by 
 Daniell, 1585. 
 
Addenda. 
 
 407 
 
 This motto was placed by S. Mutio Colonna on the " vpper Armour 
 and Ensignes" of his "companie of an hundred Launces," with the 
 device of "an hande burning in the fire vpon an Aulter of Sacrifice." 
 The allusion is to Mutius Scaevola, who burned his hand because it had 
 failed to strike Porsenna dead, — thus expressed by Paradin : " Tel Devises 
 
 . Heroiqves, 
 
 regret 6^ desplaisir recent M. Scauola Rommain, d'auoir failli a occire foi. 75. 
 le Tirant, qui opprimoit sa patrie, que lui mesmes dans vn feu, en voulut 
 punir sa main propre." 
 
 The next motto, "Festina lente" with its appropriate device of a but- Emb. p- 
 terfly held captive by a crab, is expressed in Giovio by the synonymes Diaiogo, p. s- 
 "propera tarde" Hasten slowly. Giovio takes this as an example of 
 Impresas known to the ancients, and records among others how "Plutarch F°r example, 
 
 ^ . 0 see Whitney, 
 
 reporteth that Pompey the great did beare for his Enseigne a Lyo with p. "6. 
 a sword clasped in his claw. We find also in the remaynes of old anti- 
 quities many to haue like signification to our moderne Impreses, as 
 appeareth in that of Vespasia?ius, which was a Dolphin intangled with 
 an Anchore, with this posie : Festina lente, Make soft speede." Daniell 
 adds to the text of Giovio, "A sentence which Octavianus Augustus 
 was wont often to vse."* Giovio and Symeoni's Senteniiosi Imprese' E &t^ l &> 
 gives the following Italian version : 
 
 "Di Cesabe Avgvsto 
 Augusto pria col GrancMo Sf la Farfalla Festina len- 
 
 Fece in oro scolpire il hel concetto, te - 
 
 Quasi dicisse in cosi vario obietta, 
 
 Chi bien pensa, 8c fa tosto, mai nonfalla." 
 
 " Sic spectanda fides," and gold on the touchstone, find their counter- Emb. p. 139a. 
 part in Giovio's "Fides hoc vno, virtvsqve probantur," Fidelity and valour Diaiogo, P . 61. 
 are proved by this one thing ; where the allusion is to Fabritio Colonna 
 who took for his Impresa a touchstone, " to importe that his vertue & 
 faith should of al men bee knowne by touch and triall. This did he 
 weare at the coflict of Rauenna, where his valiant courage was manfully 
 shewen, albeit he was there wounded and taken prisoner." 
 
 Previous notices at pp. 303, 304 and 364 show that other persons 
 
 * The addition to Giovio's text is probably from Symeoni's Devises Heroigves el Plate LXII. 
 Morales, p. 218, edition h Lyon 1561, which is also the source of Paradin's and of 
 Whitney's emblem. We there read of the " bon Prince et Emfereur Auguste," that 
 wishing to show that the first reports and informations are not lightly to be believed, 
 ' 'feit frapper entre plusieurs antres en vne sienne medaille d'or vn Papillon et vne 
 Escrenisse, signifiant la vistesse par le Papillon, et par V Escrenisse, la paresse, lesquelles 
 deux ehoses font vn temperement necessaire a vn Prince. " 
 
 Z 
 
408 
 
 Addenda. 
 
 Emb. p. 140. 
 Dialogo, p. 1 
 
 Edit. Antv. 
 1564, p. J8j. 
 
 Edit.ijjj.foi.ioi. also adopted the same device. Paradin, from whom Whitney borrowed 
 it, merely remarks: 11 Si pour esprouuer le fin Or, ou autre metaus, Ion 
 les raporte sus la Touche, sans qiCon se confie de leurs iintemens, ou de 
 leurs sons, aussi pour connoitre les gens de bien, 6° vertueus personnages, 
 se faut prendre garde a la splendeur de leurs ceuures, sans £ arrester au 
 babiir 
 
 The motto, " Feriunt summos fidmina monies" was adopted by Caesar 
 Borgia's brother Don Francisco duke of Catidia, " who had for his Im- 
 presa the Mountaine Chimera, or Acroceraunes strike with the lightning 
 of heauen." " Which likewise was verified in his vnhappie end, being 
 strangled and throwne into Tiber by Ccesar his brother." Whitney has 
 nothing in common with Giovio but the motto, and the last of his three 
 stanzas. The device in the Choice of Emblemes is identical with one in 
 Sambucus, and the first two stanzas are founded on the ten elegiac lines 
 of the same author, whose motto, " Canis queritur nimium nocere," is 
 far more suitable to the subject than the one adopted through Giovio 
 from Horace. 
 
 Again in the motto only, Pro bono malum, is there a correspondence 
 between Whitney and Giovio. The illustrations given are widely dif- 
 ferent, though both appropriate : " Master Lodouico Aristo," says Giovio, 
 as translated by Daniell, " inuented a notable Impresa, figuring a Hiue 
 of Bees with their home, whom the vngratfull peasant doth stiffle with 
 smoke, bereauing them of life, to recouer their honie and waxe : with 
 this mot, Pro bono malum : signifying thereby as it is thought how he 
 had beene ill intreated of a certaine Nobleman, which may also bee 
 gessed by his Satyrs.'" 
 
 Whitney's device is from Faerni's Fables, and pictures the hind that 
 injured the branches which concealed her, and thus returned evil for 
 good, and brought vengeance on herself; for 
 
 " Divina ingratos homines ulciscitur ira." 
 
 Whitney applies the motto, " Si Deus nobiscum, quis contra nos," so as 
 to suit a device for the apostle Paul ; * but Giovio, in a passage which 
 Daniell omits, appropriates it to one of the kings of France. After 
 describing the device of Louis XII., a hedgehog crowned, Giovio says : 
 " I have passed by the Impresa of Charles VIII., because it had neither 
 shape nor subject, though it had a motto very beautiful in spirit, 1 If 
 God be for us, who against us.' On the standards and the coats of the 
 
 Emb. 
 Diak 
 
 p. 153a. 
 ?o,p. 135. 
 
 Fable 70. 
 
 Emb. p, i66<5. 
 Dialogo, p. 26. 
 
 Devises 
 Heroiques, 
 fol. 112. 
 
 * Thus given by Paradin: "Saint Paul, en I' isle de Malte fut mordu ePvn Vipere: 
 ce neantmoins (quoique les Barbares du lieu le euitasse autrement) ne valul pis de la 
 morsure, secouant de sa main la Beste dans le feu: car veritablement a qui Dieu veut 
 aider il 11'y a rien qui puisse nuire." 
 
Addenda. 
 
 archers of the guard there was nothing but the letter K surmounted by 
 the crown, which indicated Charles's own name." 
 
 Our last instance is of similarity of devices between Whitney and Emb - p '95- 
 Giovio, but of dissimilarity of mottoes. The device was invented by Diaiogo, p. 79. 
 Giovio himself, — an elephant crushing a dragon. The mottoes are, in 
 the dialogue, a Spanish one, " Non vos alabereis," You need not boast ; 
 and in the Choice of Emblemes, " Victoria cruenta" A bloody victory, 
 from Plantin's edition of Sambucus, 1569, p. 228. Giovio is rehearsing 
 three Imfiresas of his own, which he made "at the request of two Gentle- 
 men of the house of Flisca, Sinibaldo 6° Ottobuoiio, whereof one was to 
 signifie the revenge, which they had of the death of their Brother Giro- 
 lamo, cruelly murdered by the Fregosi copetitors of the state : for the 
 which these lost their liues, Zaccaria Fregoso, S. Fregosino, Lvdouvico 
 and Guido: which reuenge did something recomforte them for the losse 
 of their Brother." " I therfore figured 'an Elephant assalted of a Drago, 
 who twinding about the legges of his enemie, is wont by his venomous 
 byting to empoyson him, wherewith he dieth. But the Elephant by 
 nature knowing the daunger, trayleth him along the grounde till he come 
 to some stone or blocke, whereunto leaning himself he rubbeth there 
 against the Dragon that he dieth." 
 
 Ruscelli's Discourse furnishes little, if anything, to be remarked upon piate lxi. 
 in immediate connection with Whitney : the case is somewhat different 
 with regard to the " Ragionamento" or Treatise, by Lodovico Do- 
 menichi, edition Venice 1556. Here we find the germs at least of 
 several of Whitney's emblems. I name two for example's sake : one, 
 the withered elm and the fruitful vine supported by it * — illustrating Emb. PP . 62, 
 the motto, "Amicilia post mortem dvratvra;" the other, a wakeful dog Ragionamento, 
 (Whitney says a lion) keeping guard over a flock, or at the gate of a pp - Iozand »»4- 
 church t — a device suiting the motto, Non dormit qvi cvstodit, He sleeps 
 
 * Domenichi's text is: "Questo niha fatto ricordare una Impresa deW Alciaio ne Plate LXI. 
 suoi Embleme, laquale e una Vite fresca <Sr° uiua abbracciata sopra uno Olmo secco, con p.ioz. 
 un motto, AMICITIA POST MORTEM dvratvra ; ilche si potrebbe appropriare a Donna 
 uatorosa (s= pudica, la quale si come in uita ha di contitiuo dmato, <Sr* mantenuta fede al 
 marito, cosi lama &> honora ancho dopo morte, con fermo proponimento di non douersi 
 mai piu scordar di lui, &= delta sede promessagli." 
 
 + "Per li Ca?ii anchora" says Domenichi, "sono interpretati i prelati del le sacre pp . 133 and 134. 
 Chiese di Christo; iquali si proiteggono per difendere le greggie dalle insidie de gli au- 
 uersari &= per custodir sicure le pecorelle da ogni ingiuria de lupi. E attribuita ancho 
 al Cane la mentor ia, la fede, & lamicitia. Perb mi parue conuenirsi questa Impresa si 
 honorato personaggio, col motto Non dormit qvi cvstodit." 
 
410 
 
 Addenda. 
 
 not who watches, or " Vigilantia et custodial Watchfulness and guardian- 
 ship. A comparison of the two writers, and an investigation into the 
 two emblems, will reveal how close the relations are between emblem 
 writers generally, and how we may often trace out their resemblances 
 and imitations. 
 
 Imb 'is*'' ^ rst exam P^ e we nave m Alciat's lines, followed by Whitney, p. 62 : 
 
 " Abentem senio, nudam quoq ; frondibus vlmum, 
 Complexa est viridi vitis opaca coma : 
 Agnoscitq; vices natures, Sf grata parenti 
 
 Officij reddit mutua iura suo. 
 Exemploq ; monet, tales nos quarere amicos, 
 Quos neque disiung at fader e summa dies." 
 
 Edit. 1581, The second also from the same author, Whitney, p. 120 : 
 
 Emb. 15. 
 
 " Instantis quod signa canens det gallus Eoi, 
 Et reuocet famulas ad noua pensa manus : 
 Turribus in sacris effingitur area peluis, 
 
 Ad superos mentem quod reuocet vigilem. 
 Est leo : sed custos oculis quia dormit apertis, 
 Templorum idcirco ponitur ante fores." 
 
 "Paolo Giovio's and Gabriel Symeoni's Sententiose Imprese," 
 p. 240. 
 
 This joint work is the only one of theirs to which we have given 
 special references for devices copied by Whitney ; but if the inquiry 
 had not been limited to such books as were the probable or the un- 
 doubted sources of his emblems, a much fuller notice of Giovio and 
 
 Plates lx. lxi. of Symeoni would have been given. The omission might in part be 
 LXM supplied by references to the titles of some of the earliest editions 
 both of the "Dialogo," and of the "Devises Herdiques," to which first 
 Paradin and then Whitney were largely indebted. 
 
 Essays, p. 275. From the records of Giovio's death, December nth 1552, and the 
 date of Antonio Barre's Roman edition of the Dialogo, October 8th 
 1555, it appears that nearly three years elapsed between the one event 
 and the other; and Ruscelli, writing in February 1556, in some degree 
 confirms this by speaking of the bishop of Nocera as "the very reverend 
 Paolo Giovio of happy memory." 
 
 piates lx. To the want of the author's own supervision it is to be attributed 
 
 that, between the editions of Antonio Barre in 1555 and of Gabriel 
 Giolito in 1556 and the editions of Giordano Ziletti in 1556 and 1560, 
 there should be a difference amounting to eight or nine pages. The 
 pages thus added are however omitted from Roville's French edition of 
 1 56 1, and from his Italian edition of 1574, which agree with Barre's 
 and Giolito's. The titles of Roville's French and Italian editions have 
 
Addenda. 
 
 411 
 
 not been given, and are here subjoined, because, through Paradin, they 
 are the undoubted originals of many of Whitney's devices. 
 
 DIALOG VE DES DEVISES D'Armes et D'Amovrs Dv S. Paolo 
 Iovio, Auec vn Discours de M. Loys Dominique sur le mesme subiet. 
 Traduit d'ltalien par S. Vasquin Philieul. Auquel auons adiousie les 
 Denises Herdiques Morales du Seigneur Gabriel Symeon. A 
 LYON, Par Gvillavme Roville. 1561. Auec Priuilegio du Roy' 1 
 4to, pp. 255, devices 136, ovals with highly ornamented borders. 
 
 DIALOGO Dell' imprese militaria et Amorose di Monsignor 
 Giouio Vescouo di Nocera, Et del S. Gabriel Symeoni Fiorentino. Con 
 vn ragionamento di M. Lodouico Domenichi, nel medesimo sogetto. 
 Con la Tauola. IN LYONL Appresso Guglielmo Rouillio, 1574." 
 8vo, pages 280, besides the tables. The devices are 136, also ovals, 
 but without borders, yet evidently from the same blocks with the French 
 edition of 156 1, though considerably worn by use.* 
 
 We will just add, respecting " the Worthy Tract of Paulus Iouius " Plate lx. 
 " by Samuell Daniell late Student in Oxenforde," that it is dedicated 
 "To the Right worshipfvl Sir Edward Dimmock, Champion to 
 her Maiestie," to whom "Samvel Daniel wisheth happie health with 
 increase of Worship." In 10 pages "To his Good Frend Samvel 
 Daniel N. W. Wisheth health;" and in 14 pages S. D. makes an address 
 " To the Frendly Reader •" then writes the translator, " Here begin 
 the Discovrses of Pavlvs Jovivs Bishop of Nocera, in the forme of a 
 Dialogue had betweene him and Lodouicus Dominicus. Dedicated to 
 S. Cosimo Duke of Florence." The translation comprises 99 pages ; 
 and then in 12 pages "Here follow tovching the Former subiect, 
 certaine notable deuises both militarie and amorous, Collected by Samuel 
 Dattiel." 
 
 The rarity of these editions almost demands the notice which has 
 been given of them ; but that notice is the more required because the 
 works themselves opened up the principles on which devices and 
 emblems are formed, and furnished the students and scholars of the 
 latter half of the sixteenth century with examples of emblem art to 
 guide as well as to instruct. Indeed any general history of the subject 
 
 * "Le Sententiose Imprese," also published by Roville in X562, makes use of Plate XXXVI. 
 126 of the same blocks, with an ornamented but different border. Discarding the Essays, p. Z40. 
 borders altogether, Plantin's artist, in executing the devices for the Antwerp edition 
 of Paradin, followed Roville's woodcuts very closely; and thus, as we have shown, 32 
 of Whitney's emblems are, for the designing at least, to be ascribed to the artists of Essays, p. 448. 
 Lyons or of Italy. 
 
412 
 
 Addenda. 
 
 would bestow marked attention on the Italian writers who, in discours- 
 ing of Imprints military and amorous, have collected and preserved 
 information full of interest and value. 
 
 And now, having brought my labours as editor to a close, I may be 
 allowed to say that I feel far less confident than I did when I began 
 them, of having sufficiently prepared myself by reading and study for 
 the work. With every research that I have made, the extent, and I 
 may add the worth, of emblem literature has grown upon me ; and if I 
 had known as much then as I do at this time, probably I should have 
 retired from the .enterprise, deeming myself unequal to it : but having 
 once in earnest put my hand to the plough I determined not to look 
 back : the fallow ground has been upturned, and such seed cast in as 
 research and opportunity supplied. His task accomplished is of 
 course a creation of joy to the writer; much more would he have it, 
 for his readers, a creation of regard in behalf of a class of authors long 
 neglected, and especially of interest in those combinations of artistic 
 skill and poetic imagery which at the revival of learning in Europe 
 contributed so much both to amuse and instruct the literary world. 
 
 Ifcmttsfortr, 
 
 fanuarg xm% m.&ccc.lxbt. 
 
INDEX TO THE ILLUSTRATIVE 
 PLATES. 
 
 Page. Description. 
 
 1 Tabula Cebetis, Lug. Bat. 1640, 
 
 xi. 
 
 fHorapollo's Hieeoglyphica, Pa- 
 
 2 -J risiis, 155 1, xi, 239, 272. 
 
 (_Do. p. 136, the Swan, xii, 126,239. 
 
 3 Tableau to Cebes, by Romyn de 
 
 Hooghe, 1670, xi. 
 
 4 Brant's JJ>tuIttfera jUatttg, Basle, 
 
 1497, xiv, xv, 234, 237, 274. 
 
 5 Do. fol. xxix, To serve two Masters, 
 
 xiv, xv, 223, 238, 274, 397. 
 f Alciat's Little book of Emblems, 
 
 6 j Parisiis 1534, xvi, 244, 279, 363. 
 I Do. p. 99, Aetaeon and his dogs, 
 I i5i 321. 
 
 f Paradin's Devises Heeoiqves, a 
 j Anvers 1562, xviii, xlix, 1, lviii, 
 
 7 ■{ 246, 280. 
 
 I Do. fol. 146, Wreath of Chivalry, 
 I "5- 
 
 8 Beza's Poeteaits and Emblems, 
 
 Oeneuce 1580, xvii, 235, 241. 
 
 9 Peacham's MinebvA Bbitanna, 
 
 2nd part, 161 2, xxi. 
 10 Do. p. 172, Death and Cupid, xxi, 
 liv, 132, 358. 
 ("Isabella Whitney's gutiottt $0£- 
 {jag, London, 1573, lviii. 
 Do. Dedication to George Main- 
 L waring, 364. 
 
 fThe House where Whitney is sup- 
 na-j posed to have been born, from a 
 photograph, 1865, 368, 402. 
 'Reduced fac-simile of Whitney's 
 Entry, August 2, 1580, on the 
 Rolls in the Archives of Great 
 Yarmouth, from a photograph, 
 ^ 1865, lii, lv, 329, 361, 402. 
 The Church of Acton, near Nant- 
 wich, from a photograph, 1865, 
 368. 
 
 Combermere about 1725, from 
 Ormerod's Cheshire, 'xliii, xliv, 
 335,.382. 
 
 15 Nantwich Church,, exterior, built 
 14th century, 373. 
 
 15 a Do. interior restored, from plates 
 
 lent by Mr. E. H. Griffiths, 
 Nantwich, 373. 
 f Alciat's Emblems, Aldus, Venetiis 
 
 16 ■{ 1546, xvi, 244, 279, 406. 
 \T>o. fol. 33, Terminus. 
 
 17 Alciat's Diveese Impeese, in 
 
 Lione 155 1, 244, 279. 
 
 12 
 13 
 
 13a 
 14 
 
 Page. Description. 
 
 18 Idem, p. 162, One sins, another is 
 
 punished, 56, 245, 279, 331. 
 
 19 Alciat's Emblemata, Lugd. 1551, 
 
 1, 245, 279. 
 
 20 Do. p. 60, Aetseon and his dogs, 
 
 i5> 321. 
 
 21 All Alciat's Emblems, Antverpice 
 
 1581,1,244,279. 
 
 22 Do. p. 542, Hares and dead Lion, 
 
 127, 246. 
 
 23 Ach. Bocchii Symbol. Bononiae 
 
 1574, xii, 284. 
 
 24 Emblems of Samb\icu.s,Antverpiae 
 
 1564, 1, 248. 
 
 25 Do. p. 128, Acteeon and his dogs, 
 
 i5» 249. 32i, 322. 
 
 26 Emblems of Had. Junius, Ant- 
 
 verpice 1565, 249. 
 26a Do. p. 10, Emb. iii, Cats in traps, 
 
 rats at play, 222, 251, 397. 
 2&J Do. p. 20, Emb, xiii, Ivy and Py- 
 ramid, 1, 247, 319. 
 26c Do. p. 59, Emb. liii, Envy &c. and 
 
 Truth, 4, 250, 321. 
 2.6d Do. p. 25, Emb, xix, Crocodile 
 and Eggs, 3, 250, 321. 
 fEaerni's Hundeed Eables, Ant- 
 I verpice 1585, 1, 251, 288. 
 ' j Do. p. 36, Eox and Grapes, 98, 
 L 25 1, 344- 
 
 28 Brant's IfCS dfoT?, Paris 
 
 1499, xv, 234, 238, 274, 275. 
 
 29 Do. fol. 15, The Gamesters, 176, 
 
 238, 275, 371. 
 
 fPerriere's Theatee des Bons En- 
 
 j gins, aPwris 1539, xvii, 234, 283. 
 3° "j Do. Emb. i, Janus, two headed, 
 
 ^ 108, 238, 283. 
 31 Do. Emb. ci, Industry drawn by 
 ants, 175, 238, 371. 
 
 f Corrozet's Hecatomgeaphie, a 
 
 j Paris 1540, 234, 238, 281, 299. 
 i I Do. Butterflies and lighted Candle, 
 
 I 219, 239, 295, 395. 
 
 f Aneau's Picta Poesis, Lvgdvni 
 
 33 \ J55 2 , 239, 287. 
 
 LDo. p. 49, Chaos, 122, 239, 352. 
 fP. Costalii Pegma, Lvgdvni 1555, 
 
 34 ■{ 240, 284. 
 LDo. p. 178, Ruins, 131, 240, 356. 
 fCoustau's Pegme, a I/yon 1560, 
 
 j 240, 2S4, 
 
 35 1 Do. p. 174, Eool and wise man, 
 L_ 230, 240, 400. 
 
414 
 
 Index to the Illustrative Plates. 
 
 Page. Description. 
 
 36 Giovio and Symeoni's Sententiose 
 
 Impbese, in Lyone 1562, 240, 
 276, 311. 
 
 37 Do. p. 24, Engraving wrongs on 
 
 marble, 183, 241, 276, 294, 308, 
 375,4". 
 
 38 Freitag's Mxthologia Ethica, 
 
 Antverpice 1579, 234, 241, 290. 
 
 39 Do. p. 249, The Phoenix, 177, 241, 
 
 29 r > 373> 374- 
 
 40 Do. p. 29, The Grasshopper and 
 
 the Ants, 159, 241, 291, 365. 
 
 41 Beza's Emblem xiii, Men and sha- 
 
 dows, xvii, 242, 286, 323. 
 
 42 N. Eeusner's Emblems, Franco- 
 
 forti 1581, 242, 292. 
 
 43 Do. p. 142, Man a wolf to man, 
 
 144, 243, 3 6 5- 
 
 43a Ocland's Anglobttm Pbcelia, Lon- 
 don 1582, 401. 
 
 43& Do. Elizabeth's arms, 401. 
 
 44 Plantin's Portrait, 266. 
 
 45 De Bry's Poeteaits, part i, Fran- 
 
 cofurti 1597, 272. 
 
 46 Do. part iii, Francfordii 1598, 272. 
 
 47 Do. Brant's Portrait, 274. 
 
 48 Do. Giovio's „ 275. 
 
 49 Do. Alciat's „ 277. 
 
 50 Do. Junius' „ 282. 
 
 51 Beza's Portrait, 285. 
 
 52 Portrait of Acli. Bocchius, Bono- 
 
 niae 1574, 283. 
 
 53 Do. of Sambucus, De Bry, 289. 
 
 54 
 55 
 
 56 
 
 57 
 
 58 
 
 59 
 
 60 
 
 61 
 
 63 
 
 Description. 
 
 Portrait of Eeusner, Francoforti 
 
 1581, 291. 
 Do. of Janus Dousa, De Bry, 355. 
 
 (Heeoioall Detises, London 1591, 
 xviii, 247. 
 Do. p. 213, Gold on the touch- 
 stone, 139, 303, 304, 364. 
 fDo. p. 309, Wreath of chivalry, 
 J "5- 
 
 ] Do. p. 357, the burning torch not 
 L inverted, 183, 298, 302. 
 Hive of Bees, Alciat, p. 161, Edi- 
 tion 155 1, 20c, 246, 305, 382. 
 Beza's Emblem xxii, Dog baying 
 at the moon, xvii, 213, 235, 242, 
 246, 286, 307, 392. 
 Giovio's Dialogo &c, in Homa, 
 
 1555, 3", 404, 406. 
 Daniell's Wobthy Teact of Pau- 
 lus Jouius, London 1585, 311, 
 404, 410, 411. 
 
 Giovio's Eagionamento, with 
 Euscelli's Discoeso, Ziletti, in 
 Venetia 1556, 311, 324, 409. 
 Giovio's Dialogo, with Domeni- 
 chi's Eagionamento, Giolito, in 
 Venegia 1556, 311, 374. 
 Symeoni's Detises &c, Eoville a 
 Lyon 1561, 311, 373, 375, 407, 
 410. 
 
 Do. p. 244, The burning torch in- 
 verted, 311, 375. 
 
 INDEX TO SOME OTHER ILLUSTRATIONS. 
 
 Page. 
 i 
 
 viu 
 & 
 400 
 lxxiv 
 
 lxxx 
 
 230a 
 
 231 
 
 232 
 
 Description. 
 Title Page composed from Symb. 
 
 147 of the Emblems of Achilles 
 
 Bocchius, Bononiae 1574. 
 Whitney's Badge, appropriated 
 
 from Bocchius, lib. i. p. xi, . with 
 
 autograph and motto. 
 The Eye, through a dark point it 
 
 sees all things, p. 48, Hesi Emb. 
 
 Sacra. Antverpiae 1636. 
 The Cross, the Anchor and the 
 
 Doves, a composition for Eaith, 
 
 Hope and Charity, — these the 
 
 three. 
 
 From Veridicus Christianus, p. 33, 
 
 Antverpice 1601. 
 Plantin's Device, from Ovid's 
 
 Metam. Antwerp 1591. 
 Pegasus aud the Caduceus, We- 
 
 chell's Cebes, Parisiis 1552. 
 The Arms of Alciatus, Edition by 
 
 Aldus, fol. 47, Venetiis 1546. 
 
 252 
 265 
 271 
 292 
 312 
 346 
 
 3 6 9 
 
 412 
 412 
 
 Description. 
 
 Border from H. Junius, Emblems, 
 
 Antverpice 1565. 
 Reduced from Sententiose Imprese, 
 
 p. 127, in Lyone 1562. 
 Autograph of Christopher Eaphel- 
 
 ing, 1599- 
 From Veridicus Christianus, p. 59, 
 
 Antverpice 1601. 
 The Phoenix, Horapollo's Hierogl. 
 
 p. 52, Parisiis 1551. 
 Love " standing at one point takes 
 
 in all," p. 128, Hesi Emb. Sac. 
 
 Antverpice 1636. 
 The church of St. James at Aud- 
 
 lem, where Whitney was at 
 
 school, from a photograph, 1865. 
 A cipher from letters in ifc£ 
 
 df0lj, 1499- 
 From Veeidicus Cheistianus, 
 349, Antverpice 1601. 
 
TABULA CEBETIS 
 
 Grascc , Arabice , Latine. 
 Item 
 
 A UREA CARMINA 
 PYmAGORl, 
 
 Cum paraphrafi Arabica, 
 
 AllCTORE 
 
 IOHANNE ELICHMANNO 
 M. D. 
 
 (urn Pr<efatione 
 CL SALMASII. 
 
 Lugdvni Batavorum, 
 Typis Iohannis MaiUj 
 
 clD 10 C'XL, 
 
J>bzl<> 2,. 
 
 <! 
 
 o 
 
 a 
 
 to 
 
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 O 
 
 O ^ 
 
 <; 
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 G 
 
 3 h "3 
 
 '5 I 
 
 •2 ^3 
 i; O 
 
 3 T3 
 
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 a 
 
 iJ 
 
 CU 
 ™ rt 
 
 o 2 . 
 a 8 S 
 
 ft* 
 
 5, 
 
 *& 
 ff 
 
 «»' 5 
 
 $•3 
 
 50 
 i— i 
 >— i 
 
 CO 
 »— 1 
 
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 ft. 
 
 H 
 -Q 
 O 
 w 
 
 < • 
 
 • 
 
 3 «> 1-1 
 
 o <3 
 
 u 
 
 rj 
 
 < 
 
I 
 
 IHarragontfe^feftioma 
 
 fans laudata Naui's:perSebafh'anuBrant:vernaculo vuU 
 garicjjfermonc SZ rhyfhmo/^ cucfbo^ mortaliii tatuttatis 
 fermtas effugerc cupietiu dire&i'one/fpeculo /cornodoqs 8C 
 falutetproqs mern's igaaueq? ftulatigppetua mlamia/exe? 
 crationei&confutattone/iiiig fabricata: Atqj kmpridem 
 per lacobum L o ch e r / co gno m e to Ph il o m ufu m : S u £uu : in. 
 latinu traducla -ctoquiu: & per Sebafti'anu Brant: denuo 
 feduloq? reuiTa/&nouaqdaexa<ftaq5 emendatoe eh'mata: 
 atc£ fugadditis cj.bufda noui's/admiradiTcgfatuoi^ generi- 
 bus fuppleta ;foelict exorditur principio, 
 
 .1 4 «? 7. 
 Nihil fine caufa. 
 Io» de.Olpe* 
 
XXIX 
 
 Dc obfequi'o duoijz dnorum 
 III c duos lepores venator captat in vno 
 
 Tempore :per fyluas quos cams vnus agi't 
 Qui'cupit ardenter domims feruire duobus: 
 
 Hie pIufqpoterit:fepe agi'tare volet. 
 
 Semite 
 
 Nemoptduob? 
 dms feruire r aut 
 eni vnu odiet & 
 altera dih'getaut 
 vnt adherebit 8i 
 alteru co tern net. 
 No poteftt's deo 
 feruire & mam o/ 
 ne.Qur ad vtrtU 
 qjfefhnat neutru 
 bene peragi't.plu 
 ribusintentusmi 
 nor eft ad fingus 
 la fen fusCorigre 
 di'esduas'vi'as no- 
 h abebi t fu cceffus- 
 
 Stultus & is fumo qui vultmagnoq? tonanti: 
 Et murtdo pariter quent feruire <pphario „ 
 Nam veluti domims qui feruire duobus 
 Raro fit; vt talis femper fit gratus vtris^ * 
 
 JSftath.vj*. 
 Lucc.xvj". 
 
I C O N E S, 
 
 id ej} 
 
 VERAE IMAGINES 
 
 VIRORVM DOCTRINA SIMVL 
 
 ET TIETATE ILLVSTRIVM, Q_V ORVM V&M~ 
 
 cipiie minifterio partim bonarum licerarum ftudia 
 funt reftituta,partim vera Rcligio in variis orbisChri 
 ftiani regionibus,noftra patrumque memoria fuic in- 
 ftaurata : additis eorundem vitas &c operas defcriptio- 
 nibus , quibus adie&ae funt ndhnullas pidiurae quas 
 Em b l e m a t a vocant ; 
 
 C SKI EVA, 
 APVD IOANNEM LAONIVM. 
 
 JrCTiK~ I'xxx 
 
MINERVA RRJTANNA: 
 
 THE SECOND <PJ%? 
 OR A GARDEN OFHEROY- 
 
 C AL Devices: furnifhed, and adorned with Em- 
 blemes , and Impnfa'sof fundry natures . Newly devifed 
 moralized, andfubUfyed, 
 
 B T HBNRT P EACH AM, Mr y of Artcs. 
 
 P3- 
 
 sets. 
 
De Mone,et Cupidme, 172 
 
 T"\ E A T H meeting once , with C (TP ID in an Inne , Hoc •• :c,», hafeet 
 Where roomc was fcant , togeither both they lay , Embi^odLaa 
 Botfe wcarie , (for they roving both had becne , ) ' .^t- c '^ 
 Now on the morrow when they fhould away 3 mawaj^ m ? 
 
 CVP ID Death's quiver at his back'had throwiie , 
 And DEATH tooke C VP IDS, thinking it his owne,. 
 
 By this o're-fight , it fhortly came to paffe , 
 
 That young men died, u ho readie were to wed: 
 
 And age did revell with his bonny-laffe 3 
 
 Compofing girlonds for his hoarie head : 
 Invert not Nature , oh ye Powers twaine , 
 Giue CVP ID ' S dartes, and D E ATH take thine againe- 
 
 Later 
 
5£ %S o s^T? i - 
 
 ** ^* Vh «» 55 
 
 5 
 
 m 
 
 «k> g" 2 ^ 
 
 '«.* 
 *• ' 
 
 •*■'& ft* 
 
 -2,22© 
 
 *** tt» »■* O 
 
 €8 5S 
 
 I «fc .£» 
 
 1 
 
 .« m o ** 
 
OMNIA 
 
 N D R E & 
 
 ALCIATI V. G. 
 
 emblemata: 
 
 C T M COMMENT A RlISj Q^V If T S 
 
 £mblcmatum omnium apcrtaorigincmens 
 au&oris explicatur,& obfcura omnia dubia 
 queilluftranEur: 
 
 Per Ciatdivm Minojjw 
 
 Diurcnenfem. 
 Bditio tenia alij s mult o locuplctior. 
 
 Antverpi^ , 
 
 Exofficina Chwftophori Planrini, 
 Architypographi Rcgij. 
 
 M. D. LXXXI. 
 
 Ml 
 
ANDRE At AtCIATZ 
 
 Cum laruis non lu£l«ndum. 
 
 Emblem a ciiii. 
 
 JE A c i D A mortem percujfu cujpidis Hettor t 
 
 Qui toties kofttis vkertt tntefuos-, 
 gbmprimere baud potuit vecem , infultantibu* Wisi 
 
 Dum chyyh & pedibm neftere vtnclafaratit. 
 J)iftrabitevt libitum eft: pccafsi lute leonis 
 
 ConutUunt barbam vtl timidilepous. 
 
 IDfiiwptum efTc liquet ex Homeric* Uiados^. Crarci He- 
 ftorem ab Achillc iam idterfe&Hm circumftames impete- 
 *»«» bant,& mortuo infultabanr, necerat cjuifquam qui extincrd - . 
 K««w. yainusnoninfligciet. Siccnim Hotocins; 
 
 — 
 
ACHILLIS BOCCHII 
 
 BONOR SYMBOLIGARVM 
 
 Q^V AESTIONVM, 
 
 De vniuerfo genere^quas ferio 
 ludebat, 
 
 LIBRI QV i n qv e * 
 
 B ONONIAE, 
 ApudSocictatcmTypographiscBonooiciifis^ 
 MDLXXIIH. 
 
/Ycr/e 26- 
 
128 I. UMBVCI 
 
 Voluptas serumnofa. 
 
 K 
 
 Q^_y I n'mU exercet -venatus T m fine fne 
 
 Haurit opes patriot, prodi^kintfue canes: 
 Tanius amor -vani, tantus furor -vjqii'c recur fat > 
 
 Jnduat ~vt ceteris cbrnua bina ferct. 
 lAcadit lAft&on ttbi, qui cornutus ab ortu y 
 
 Jt canibus propnis dilaceratus cr&s. 
 Qtiam multos hodie, oMospafcn odor a canum ins, 
 
 Venandi (ludium confcit, atque "vorat. 
 Seria ne ludkpoftponai, commoda dtcmrits, 
 
 Quod fupereftrerum fic ~vt egenus habe. 
 Sape etiam propria qui interdum i>xorc relifla 
 
 Deperit externa corniger tft4 hit, 
 
 Confuc - 
 
Pyramides Phariiim monument perennia Regft, 
 
 ErrattbtucircZltgat hederafeejuax bra'ckits . h 
 Rrgum optbwfirmu plebs /ttfientatttr egena: #k 
 Mtntisjj conftans firmttM viret percnniter. ^T 5 
 
 Scipfum 
 
W////s/ty jc? J 
 
TJ a grat nef oca fol5 t>u mode 
 
 *S») ce fiuK frouuer pouptof fee fai$ee 
 iPes fof$ awfji fc par Bonne memoire 
 piertnff pfatfir a ftrc fee paffatgee 
 
 fa fettw etfe fene be fiffotre 
 (grvpofcr fane ftmg pxofoaif oitt 
 
 ^> r uficuregt<me6t?6:f«rfccSae reffensf 
 Qui be (afiif cff fa po>fe ttfadcf 
 £Qafcw) pcuff Seoit 3^ auft"8ertu ouSicc 
 Jbar re ftwtef tt petit eo ifficc 
 £hte troHuettj cjje$ gfirffroj> 5c m«wte£ 
 
noffrfe <ft, 
 
 to gmmcmit bt ctftt fafpt 
 
 ite tfVSnt quarts fatie adiou 
 tfteeatto^<\ttieft.kieu bit 
 lie awBmap icp wee fbfj. 
 
 l&ainfi anoscfyanfombz 
 
 terijtef ft offre (a toutfe (topaignie foxUfte 
 bee ieup ;Cat attcnne font tdfemmt Sfoa/ 
 fej bu btBat bu ieu <z § dnoitnt fee teup g fi 
 gt a?e feSufe (i 6a(te q'fj fe tcpuf enf i<n>ee 
 fomteratnes burner fee be? ^ainfi ftoj* 
 be? &en course fur faBfe few apparetffent 
 fewer feufee topee fanf que fee tfbrifo bt 
 feure imp toumft it paffent fee tours <zfee 
 nutrf? Cat foufioure fe btamt tt b&nan 
 Sefregatng? fojt8i8eeoie thfatnee^maf 
 i5uncfcnto ««i 6 2t8utet aucirtteffopeq" febe ewicftff 
 brtat <rc. «hcmi) & fe fteque'ter <j)aie fa djiene fauffe 
 
 ^ bomaigeufe fe moit iCcff a 8fw ftijMtee 4 
 »nc3f inenf fe rafe tt tuy ofie toot a fa fit) tt 
 SoufentieteSopf on cSnumemcnf j| re q~ 
 Sng touew 8 be3 j> gatgne fif ne ft rrpert if 
 
 febefpenSaiterqe qrquep\n'ffat8cq* mfS 
 q^Sne cfwene fe mort <gt fif en tft tant foit 
 pou afiufe nt fait point biffettnrt bt fut> 
 Sotvmtoutct^tatbeman8t/cat itfuv 
 feBfe biti)(\ce(iatQSttantcoflttitt)£t 
 ieu eft mawtaie/fOr if fart f03me 6ife tt 
 wac^isupi^fd^ft«futv^bt(apSfet^ a » lt 
 gaffe etinfaitfemm8enientef fengin bt m ^ c ' 
 ffj OMMfieetnM^f awjofene jflffartfee 05 
 wiee coummflTe? quant % perSent et 
 fvoifft fee pjecoiSee fi que pat ft be fee, 
 ffommee font fouftoitfe fofftcrtee en petf 
 ne ttamit tt foncy Cat comSiti) que ot) 
 nySft point fee fcufierejzd; fa peine bee 
 mtm&m nefort pae granot fee efpctrt? 
 fonttoufiowe tnteauaitp fane qnefque 
 tepoe . Kien auftre cgofe ne mrenf fee mtan< 
 toueurequefe ieu'Coufe fenpSofnpte^ftug ac 
 etptaifancttftfic^ttauiyfoisHfinjfiaS ' { ' 
 umfuree bubtou befa carte ft quif few 
 fem6fe que tt fort Bne grace 8e btmquat 
 fe be few bit 6ten.<gf pat mitrf fanett? 
 poeSetffentcrtewt intent fouuent/ ef ne 
 fee efmeof attaint fain ou auame foil 
 <gf fegranf wafeftf (ouufc pwgtiefue £>epe fiito 
 fiitew if? btffamentfeepfa)»eebe3lefK tegtamac. 
 ctifJ tn mtant pat; fefang pat fa ttidrt 
 ouparfa.Serfu ettoutnenf fente ojSee 
 etmp^anSee patoffee aup bimp fouuc; 
 tame etfifafpfjemenf bieit et fee fattuts <&<• 
 que ft ft con8rteut 8u monSe eu^ (a caret* 
 gat8ebeetoueute pe^iferee etq'f pfoyafc 
 a feute fa^See patoffee )Dne c^ofe pfue 
 fputciSe tt ai8e tout tffoys eft que fa ftmt 
 meffceanecqueefee^iauuaie fjSmceioue 
 (i Sacque tonftoute a fa ta6fe & ont acou 
 f{umefeno8fe/fecfetc/fe crtopen/feieune/ 
 fancten iouet /cwimif auecqueefee pette 
 Sufgaitee ef fenSie pewpfeauquef if eft btO 
 ctntttappattisnt qiitftouepeu/quif pveno 
 ne tempe eonuena6fee et quif eft ife petfon 
 nee pateiffte a ftty jCtflaffauow que quaf 
 9ng ftmpft fjommebemeftiet'Beuftiouet 
 par^fqur mamcce 8c trctcation if ft Sott 
 fait(fHtefnor«pae^9fetftenuict5 bepeu 
 be cfjofc et rn rcnipe quif ne petSe pot net a 
 fau-t fon fa6eut oi8tnaitr ^urrquee gene 
 auffi qui ne foment point pftie gt an6 rnai^ 
 fht* que fa? on aufttement if fe bc^rurt. ' . 
 
LB 
 
 SENT EN TIC- 
 
 SE IMPRESE DI 
 
 MONSIGNOR PAV- 
 
 L o GIOVIO, 
 
 ET DEL SIGNOR GABRIEL 
 
 SYMEONI, RIDOTTE IN 
 RIM A PER I L D ET TO 
 
 SYMEONI. 
 
 ttdlfirenip. DucadiSauoia. 
 
 IN LTO-H E, 
 
 APRS S SO GVLIELMO ROVJGLIO. 
 
 - i 5 6 t. 
 
 Con Triuilegio del Re. 
 
TE TR AS TIC HI 
 
 DI POVERTA 
 
 O F F E S A. 
 
 Tempriliraveloce ognimjhe vim* 
 •Scribit in Epperefferpotentenonhacum* 
 
 Cbetoffefotingima in marmo ferine* 
 
MYTHOLOGIA 
 
 E T H I G A, 
 
 HOC 
 
 fialas £rt£tts uttoiSutas, trU; 
 cStcpy aiiwcnifkmum ^yiru&^i- 
 urn . In quo hutncm^ vtt£ [a- 
 Syrintlio dhmonffyato, virtu 
 tis Jemita jtu&Strrv 
 mis vrgcejptis, veCttfi 
 r T$tfeijt& docet* fc 
 
 ^£^btofifl u ' ncSiSfltmarrtm jiifiptwu 
 
 mi. 
 
 AN TVER PI M, D, LXXIX. 
 
\ 
 
 Iuuenilia ftudia cum proucdiori 
 state pcrmutata. 
 
 Dcfonite nMsficundump'iTFfflttm contterpttfo- 
 
 nem^teremhominem 9 qui corrumfitur fe- 
 
 cundum defidem erroris. Efhef+y 22. 
 
 Pkoe* 
 
Propter frzgw figer ar/tirt noluit : mmdkdit 
 ergo dfateDy (S* non dabh •Willi. 
 Fromrk zo, 4. 
 
 LV 
 
EMBLEM A XIIII. 
 
 SeBantes velutvmhra fugtt,fugientihuss inftat, 
 
 yiUita corporibtts fiiltcetnjmbra comes, 
 Sicfugmmmenta caftantesfmmia Uudtf, 
 
 Demi/is contra gloria mnBa comes. 
 Sttamen haudfalfitrut'mata examine, ^uidnam 
 Lam h&c omnps erit f foUcefvmhra leuis. 
 
 Mm. i). 
 
I42 N, REVSNERl 
 
 Sed hme> Palladia qaodjeruor mmme dextrt; 
 Perdicem me (icillico fecit aucm . 
 
 Homo homim lupus. 
 
 E M l L E M A X XX. ^ 
 
 S aAd Hieronymum Kmjnsrum Leorinum. fi| 
 
 T Trie m rex Scythu ferus>ArcddU% Lycaon> 
 
 Jgukm bene nomen habet,fauus*ute?fa lupi. 
 Poena fit h&c feeler is rnamfc hojpeStVt hoftit, vter% 
 
 Bum par at hojpitibmaamna^tinde lupus. 
 K^iut homim:Beus eH bomo-Jt bonus : aut lupus hercU, 
 Si malm : 0 quantum eH :Jfe hominem, atfyDeuw 
 
 £^uid ! 
 
 m 
 
ANGLORVM PKMLm 
 ab anno Domini, i j z 7.anno 
 
 mmirtrm primo indytifsimi Princi- 
 
 pis Eduardi cms nominis tcitij,vft|ac ad aiinfe 
 Domini, i J j8 v Carmine fummatim perftri&a. 
 
 ITEM. 
 
 *De pacati/fimo A»glm fiatu, imp er ante Eliza- 
 
 betha,cornfendiufx TSlgnatio. 
 
 Authore Chmstophoro O c l A n d o, prim& 
 Schola: Southwarkienfis prope Londinura,clcin 
 Clieltcnnamen tis. qua: flint a fc reni fsinia l'ua 
 Maieftate fundatx .Moderatore. 
 
 JJtc dfto PoematM jam ob argument* gramtat em t 
 quam Carmitm faciuiatem, TSQbiUfftmi Regix Maieftatit 
 Confiliarij in omnibtu huim regni Scholis pra~ 
 UgencUpueris f»tefcr/pferunt. 
 
 Hijs Alexandra Ncuilli Kittvm: mm propter *rgu- 
 menti fimilimdinem.mm propter orationis 
 cleganti^m adiunxim'us. 
 
 LOND1NI: 
 Apud Radulphum Nubcn , ex afiignationc 
 Hcmici Byoneman Typographi. A N N o.ijSz. 
 Cum fm4tghV^gia Alois Batis. 
 
C 1 1 ' "T ' lJP pi i'I II I I 
 
 iconvm 
 
 Rosy* 1 ILL VS: 
 
 TRJVM. 
 
 J QVOKVM ALII QVTDEM INTER ViyOS ESSE. I AM OLIM 1 „. 
 
 dcfierunt, aiij vcro nunc quoq^ vitali aura„ honorumcbN 
 ftiorum beati per fruuntur gloria. " 
 
 NaJubUum, corundem Jiu-t>in£~&, rvotatio, Jiruyulis Jconibus aAiuxu^ta,- 
 Omnia, i& are rcceru Jctte J'ricta* u edita, Jier tiarcdes Thcodori dc lir?. 
 
tyfrtihi sermmt tat CW8J8TJZ Jidetiter mttas , 
 Ipse fiua JBJE ^A^'L qzaeso tuere manu 
 f~~~()iuat cpa -dixit mlk' ^raais 3 omnifais Hsu j 
 v ^zuat .(jui tfizat 3 faax&ne Cfinfiej tibi* 
 
§ IMAGO NICOLAI 
 
 REVSNERI 'IV.RIS- 
 
 CONSVLTI. 
 
 nr^Alis eram,fef>tem ttiftrtsjlne lobe perattis r 
 
 £luodfuf>ereH > auumm rege, C HR 1 S TM mtam , 
 
 i v. Non. Febr. m. i>. x x e. 
 Aeu x x x v. 
 
EMBLEMA XXII. 
 
 Lunayelut toto collujlrans famine terrds, 
 
 Frufira allatr antes dejpicitaha canes : 
 
 Sic quijqms Chnjtum allatrar Chriftwe mimjtroSt 
 Index fldtttU Jjtermtor -vfque fua* 
 
L E $ 
 
 DEVISES. O V 
 
 EMBLEMES HEROI- 
 
 QVES ETMOKALES, 
 
 1NVENTEES PAR LE S. 
 GABRIEL SYMEON, 
 
 A MONSEIGNEVK LE 
 Coneftable de France. 
 
 *A LYON, 
 
 PAR GVILLAVMB 
 
 R O V I L LE, 
 i 5 6 I. 
 
 ^Auec frimlege du Roy* 
 
144 DEVISES H E R O I QJV E S 
 SAINT VALI ER. 
 
 Enia townee deiSuijfes desfaifts presde Milan- par le 
 feu 'Roy Francois »Monjiem de Same V 'alter le vieil,perede 
 Madame "Diane de TottierstTJmheJfe de V alentinoU , ($r 
 [apitaine de cent (jenetlshommes, porta \n Efendardja ou 
 ejloitrnpeineurevne torche allumee centre bat tout plein 
 desire tjUtxouloit four leHetndre, auec ces paroles: q^v I 
 ME a lit, me extingvit. Suyuant la demfe du 
 Roy [on maijhe, a fauoir, nvtrisco et extin- 
 G v o.£r la nature de la cire quinourritlefctt } {£) l'es~ieint> 
 yuand elle coule dejpu par trop grand e ahondance, Laquel- 
 le demfe ilfeit pour amour d'\>ne Dame, n^oulant fgnifer 
 que tout ainfitjue fa heaute nourriffott fa pen fee, ainft le 
 met ton en danger de fa uie. 
 
 TUT 
 
 /////Suss/ yO /S'.i 
 
GENERAL INDEX. 
 
 Roman numerals refer to the Introductory Dissertation ; Arabic with [ ] to Whitney's 
 Dedication &c. , and without a bracket to the Emblems, Essays and Notes ; O.L., 
 ornamented letter ; Ed. edition; Emb., emblem; PL, plate. 
 
 AO. L. ii. "Eti ttcs JFoIj, xvi b, Paris 
 . H99- 
 
 O. L. 277, Alciat's Emblems 2, Paris 
 15 34- 
 
 0. L. 287, of uncertain origin. 
 
 Acrostic, double, by Andrew Willefc, xx. 
 
 Actaeon's fate, Emb. 15 ; compare with 
 PL 6, 20 and 25, p. 321, 2; Alciat's 
 lines, Aneau's, and those of Sambucus, 
 322 ; Whitney's lines superior, 323. 
 
 Acton parish, seat of the Whitneys, xl 
 and xli ; the registers recent, xliv ; 
 church, PI. 13a, p. 402. 
 
 Addenda, p. 401-412. 
 
 Adulation of Leicester, lviii. 
 
 JEsculapius, insignia of, Emb. 212, p. 392. 
 
 Alciat's Emblem Editions, — Omnia And. 
 Alciati Emblemata &c, Antv. 158 1, 
 PI. 21, p. 244. Of Whitney's Emblems 
 86 identical with this edition, 245, 6. 
 Hares and lion, PI. 22, Whitney, p. 127. 
 
 And. Alctati Emblemattm Li- 
 
 BELLVS, Paris 1534, PI. 6. Actseon's 
 fate, Whitney, p. 15 ; curious wood- 
 cuts, p. 244. 
 
 And. Alciati Emblem atvm Li- 
 
 BEELvs, &c, Venice I546, PI. 16. The 
 Aldine symbol, 244. 
 
 Diverse Impeese &c. dell' Alci- 
 
 ato, Lyons 155 1, PI. 17, 244; Two of 
 Whitney's devices identical, 245. PI. 
 18, source of Whitney's, p. 56. 
 
 Emblemata D. A. Alciati &c, 
 
 Lyons 155 1, PI. 19, 245. Actseon's fate, 
 PI. 20, Whitney's, 15. 
 
 Alciat's Emblems, versions of,— Erench 
 i549» P- 28 7 ; Spanish 1549, p. 252, 
 299; Italian 155 1, p. 244; English 
 155 1, p. xvi, and James I. M.S.p. xvi. 
 
 Alciatus, Andreas, born 1492 — died 1550. 
 Portrait PI. 49 — first in the rank of 
 emblem writers, Life, character and 
 writings, 277-280. Boissard's estimate 
 of his powers, 277 ; numerous works, 
 278; above fifty editions of his em- 
 blems, — some of their title-pages &c, 
 PI. 6, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, p. 279. 
 Emblems published at Milan in 1522, 
 278; Mignault's comments, 279; de- 
 fects of Alciat's character. Sources of 
 information, 280. Armorial bearings, 
 p. 232 and 406. 
 
 Alcock, Ant. a very excellent youth, 
 Emb. 100, unidentified, p. 344, 5. 
 
 Alcock, John, bishop of Ely, 1498, — his 
 "G-alli Oantus" "ad fratres suos," 
 p. 349- . 
 
 Aldi's edition of Alciat, 1546, PI. 16, with 
 device of Terminus, p. 244. 
 
 Aldi, — printers, 1490-1597, p. 266. 
 
 Alecteophonia Ecclesiastica, — quota- 
 tion, p. 349. 
 
 Alius peccat, alius plectitur, Emb. 56, 
 from Roville's Diverse Lmprese, PL 1 8, 
 p. 33i- 
 
 Allen, John, of Baliol, — lines on Whitney, 
 
 xxvii and xxxi. 
 Allen, cardinal, — Defence of sir William 
 
 Stanley's surrender of Deventer, 1587, 
 
 P- 33°- 
 
 Ames' Typographical Antiquities, xvi, 
 
 xxxv n. 365. 
 Amicitia post mortem duratura, Emb. 62, 
 
 from Domenichi, p. 409. 
 Ammon, Jost, an engraver of Beusner, 
 
 p. 242. 
 
 Amplification by Whitney, — instances, p. 
 lxii, 286, 288. 
 
 AndeevteS, M., Preacher, Emb. 224; of 
 Great Yarmouth, p. 398. 
 
 Aneau's Picta Poesis, Lyons 1552, title, 
 PI. 33, p. 239, 287. Device, chaos, PL 
 33, Emb. 49, Nine instances of simi- 
 larity in Whitney's devices, three of 
 copying, 239, 40; Invocation to the 
 Divine Spirit, 287. The perfidious 
 friend, Emb. 141, p. 288. 
 
 French version, 1552, p. 239, 287. 
 
 Aneau, Barthelemi, or Anulus, 1500-1665. 
 Device a signet ring ; notice of his life, 
 tragical death, and of some of his works, 
 287, 288. 
 
 Angelo, Michael, — some devices in Boc- 
 
 chius from him, 284. 
 Annales de l' Impeimeeie Planum- 
 
 enne par MM. de Becker et Ch. 
 
 Euelens, p. xxxiv, 267, 268, 270, 321, 
 
 393- 
 
 Antonio, Marc, famous Italian engraver 
 xvi. 
 
 Aristo, L., his notable Impresa, 408. 
 "Armes in Cheshire after the maner of the 
 
 Alphabeth," Whitney's shield, xxxix ; 
 
 Cholmeley's crest, 363. 
 
 A A 
 
416 
 
 General Index. 
 
 Arms of the lords of Man, — similar in 
 
 meaning borne by count Battista da 
 
 Lodrone, p. 351. 
 Armorial bearings; Whitney's frontispiece, 
 
 p. iv ; Leicester's frontispiece [p. 2] ; 
 
 Alciat's frontispiece, p. 232 and 406 ; 
 
 queen Elizabeth's, PI. 436, p. 401. 
 Aet of making Devices &c, by Thomas 
 
 Blount, 1655, p. xxii. 
 Arwaker's translation of Hermann's 
 
 Pia Desideria, 1686, p. xxii. 
 Astrea, or the Grove of Beatitudes &c, 
 
 1665, p. xxii. 
 "Athene Oxonienses," by Wood and 
 
 Bliss, p. xxvii, xxxvi, xxxviii, xlviii, 
 
 lii, lvi, lvii, 341, 348, 360. 
 "Athene Cantabbi&ienses," by the 
 
 Coopers, 
 
 327, 328, 342, 344, 347, 352, 353, 365, 
 
 37i, 39 r > 394- 
 Audlem, Cheshire, — the place of Whit- 
 ney's early education, Emb. 172, p. xliii 
 and 368; woodcut of the church ^.369; 
 epitaphs ; Masseys of Audlem, — one 
 married to a Whitney, died 1646, p. 
 370. 
 
 Augustinus, Ccelius, Hieroglyphica, or De 
 Sacris iEgyptiorum &c, Basilice 1567, 
 P- 2.73- 
 
 Augustus, the emperor's motto and device, 
 p. 407. 
 
 Avbelia, a work conjectured to be Whit- 
 ney's, p. liv and lviii. 
 
 Autographs, of Whitney's — frontispiece, 
 p. iv ; PI. 7 and 43 a, p. xliv, 246, xl 
 and 401, 403 ; — of Ch. Eavelinghien, 
 p. 271. 
 
 Ayre's " Emblemata Amatobia," Lon- 
 don 1683, p. xxii. 
 
 BO. L. p. 274, 285, uncertain. 
 . O. L. p. 283, uncertain. 
 Badges, — Whitney's, p. iv, xl ; Mary Tu- 
 dor's, 32 1 ; of the Tudor race, 331, 2 : 
 of the Dudleys [p. 2], 105, 314, 347 ; 
 of the Poets, 353; of the Brookes, 337 ; 
 of Saladin, 338, 9; Pompey the great, 
 Vespasian and Augustus, 407 ; various, 
 407-410. 
 
 Barnfield's epitaph on Sidney, p. 326. 
 
 Barclay's &f|np of Joins of tfje BMorltf, 
 1509, various editions ; first attempt at 
 an English emblem-book ; woodcuts 
 similar to PI. 4 and 28, p. xv. 
 
 Barclay, Alexander, died 1552, — some ac- 
 count of him and his book, xv. 
 
 Bear and ragged staff, on the burgonet 
 [2]; on title-page, 105; Shakespeare's 
 allusion to, 304, 5 ; some account of, 
 3H, 347- 
 
 Beehive, — Emb. 200, PI. 58. Correspond- 
 
 ence in description between Whitney 
 and Shakespeare, 305 ; origin of the 
 device, PI. 58, p. 382. 
 
 Bellay, Joachim, Spenser's visions from 
 him,xvii; works, Paris 1558, p. lxii ; 
 Eable of Death and Cupid, Emb. p. 1 32, 
 lxii, lxiii ; neat epigram on a dog, lxii. 
 
 Beza's Portraits and Emblems, Geneva 
 1580, title, PI. 8, p. 242, 286 ; contains 
 portrait of James T., 242; connects 
 Britain with emblem writers, xvii. De- 
 vices of peculiar delicacy, 242 ; Speci- 
 mens, PI. 41, Emb. p. 32, Man and sha- 
 dow, p. 323 ; PI, 59, Emb. p. 213, Dog 
 barking at the moon, — correspondence 
 with Shakespeare, 307, 8 ; Four of 
 Whitney's similar, p. 242 ; French ver- 
 sion, 1581, 242. 
 
 Beza, Theodore, 1 519-1605, Portrait, PI. 
 51 ; biographical notice, 285 ; sources 
 of information, 286. 
 
 Biogeaphical notices of Plantin, Ea- 
 pheleng, and of the emblem writers to 
 whom Whitney was indebted, Essay 
 III., p. 266-292. 
 
 Blount's Aet of making- Devices &c, 
 1655, p. xxii. 
 
 Bocchius, Achilles,— On Symbolic Ques- 
 tions, Ed. 1574, title, PI. 23, p. 284; 
 Source of the symbols on the title page 
 to the reprint of Whitney, p. xii ; the 
 devices engraven by Bonasone and 
 Caraeci, 284; no coincidences with 
 Whitney, 235, 283. 
 
 Bocchius, Achilles; Portrait, PL 52, and 
 biographical notice, p. 284. 
 
 Boissard, J. J., — author of biographical 
 notices to De Bry's portraits, title 
 pages, PI. 45 and 46, p. 272. 
 
 Bolswert's copperplates to Pia Desideria, 
 p. xxii. 
 
 Bonasone, Giulio, — engraved the devices 
 in Bocchius, p. 284. 
 
 Borders to Whitney's devices, from the 
 emblems of Junius, Ed. 1565, PI. 26, 
 26 a, 26 J, 26 c, 26 d, p. 250 ; and 
 Faerni's Fables, Ed. 1581, PI. 27, p. 
 
 Borders, the same, in Perriere and Corro- 
 zet, 238 ; different in editions by Bo- 
 ville, p. 411. 
 
 Borgia, Don Francisco, his motto, 408. 
 
 Borron, Mrs. A.,— Whitney's sister, — 
 stanzas to by Is. Whitney, 1573, p. xlvi. 
 
 Boeeon, Bo., Emb. 191 b, p. 377 ; Whit- 
 ney's nephew, p. xlvii. 
 
 Bovrchier, Arthvee, Usquier, Emb. 
 204; Commendatory verses to Whit- 
 ney [19]; name one of renown; author 
 of Golden Precepts, p. 386. 
 
 Brant's Naeeenschvef, 1494, Ship of 
 
General Index. 
 
 417 
 
 Fools, p. xiv, 237 ; Locher's Sttllttfera 
 liaiug, 1497, Title, PI. 4, xiv ; speci- 
 men of, PI. 5, Emb. 223, p. 274; Mar- 
 nef's ©rat nef ires folj fiu mofte, 1499, 
 title, PI. 28, xv, 238 ; specimen of, PI. 
 29, Emb. 176, 275 ; Barclay's .Shgp of 
 Joins at the WLoxlB, 1509 ; see Barclay. 
 
 Brant, Sebastian, 1458-1520; Portrait, 
 PI. 47 ; notice of, and works 274,5. 
 
 Britain, — its interest in emblem literature, 
 xxii, xxiii. 
 
 Beooke, Geoege, Esquier, 1568-1603, 
 Emb. 69, son of lord Cobham, beheaded 
 at Winchester, 337 ; or one of the Che- 
 shire Brookes, 337 ; who intermarried 
 with the Whitneys ; branches of the 
 family, — Brookes of Norton, 337. 
 
 Browne, John, James and Lancelot, 
 eminent physicians, Emb. 212, — name 
 celebrated among physicians ; Brownes 
 of Cheshire ; Lancelot a native of York- 
 shire, 391 ; landscape Brown, 392 n. 
 
 Bry, Theodore De, — his Icones or Por- 
 traits, title, Ed. 1597 PI. 45 ; Ed. 1598, 
 PI. 46, p. 272. Account of the work; — 
 source of several of the portraits, p. 
 272. 
 
 Brydges, Samuel Egerton, — notice of Wil- 
 let, xx; Retrospective Review on Whit- 
 ney's emblems, p. xxxii and xxxiii. 
 
 Brydges, sir Egerton, — account of Isabella 
 Whitney, p. lix. 
 
 Bull, St., the very learned, Emb. 185 
 and 186, no certain information of, p. 
 375. A sir Stephen Bull, — Bulls in 
 Hertfordshire, p. 375 ; Conjecture of a 
 misprint, and John Bull, — 1565-1615, 
 the musician, suggested, p. 376. 
 
 Bvegoine, Geoege, Usquier, — his Nine 
 Sons, Emb. 72 ; not identified, 338 ; — 
 Name belongs to Bedfordshire, — tradi- 
 tion in the township of Sutton, — ten 
 baronets of the family, 338. 
 
 Butterfly and crab, the device of Augus- 
 tus, Emb. 121, p. 407 and 407 n. 
 
 CO. L. 281, Alciat's Emblems, [p. 38] 
 . Antverpiw 158 1. 
 O. L. 284, of uncertain origin. 
 Calthoepe, Baetheam, JSsquier, Emb. 
 71. The Calthorpes of old standing in 
 Norfolk, — Barthram probably a brother 
 to Charles, Emb. 136, p. 338. 
 Calthoepe, Chaeles, the very hon Me , 
 Emb. 136, brief notice of, 361; at 
 Scratby island, PI. 13, p. 403 ; Mem- 
 bers of this "knyghtly family;" Charles 
 in high office in Ireland, 361, 
 Candia, duke of, his Impresa, 408. 
 Caracci, Augustino, — in 1574 retouched 
 the device of Bocchius, 284. 
 
 Caetweighte, Geffket, — Whitney's 
 uncle, Emb. 166; may be brother of 
 Whitney's mother, xliii, xlviii, 366 ; 
 in 1666 a Geffrey Cartwright of Sale; 
 Churton's conjecture ; Richard Cart- 
 wright (1563-1637) married a daugh- 
 ter of sir John Egerton, and was a 
 relative of Whitney, 367. 
 
 Catz, Jacob,— 1577-1660,—." Vader Catz," 
 xxiii. Moral Emblems from, — London 
 1862, xxiii n. 
 
 Cebes, Tablet of, B.C. 390, p. 27 2 ; title, 
 Ed. 1640 PI. x, numerous editions 
 since 1497, p. xi. Delineation of the 
 Tablet by de Hooghe, PL 3, p. xi ; 
 character of Cebes, p. xi. 
 
 Champollion's judgment of Horapollo, 
 P- 2 73- 
 
 Charles VIII., his Impresa and motto, 
 408. 
 
 Chater, Rev. Andrew F., rector of Nant- 
 wich, xlv. 
 
 (JDhartblarbm fStamfaarirtgtanbnt, 1093- 
 1669, compiled by Dugdale, 356. Ex- 
 tracts from, 357, 364 ; records, 364 ; 
 diversifyings of the name Mainwaring, 
 358 n. 
 
 Chatteeton or Chadeeton, Bishop of 
 Chester, died 1 608, Emb. 1 20. Remarks 
 on the device, 349 ; Evdler's notice, 
 349 ; that by the Rev. E. R. Raines ; 
 pedigree, daughter and grand-daughter, 
 350; the bishop's character ; instances 
 of his wit, 351; Chaplain to Leicester 
 in 1568 ; Sources for information, 352. 
 
 Cheshire gentlemen and the dean and 
 chapter of Chester,- — Leicester's good 
 offices between them, 317. 
 
 Chester, — Robert Dudley, entertained 
 there, p. 317. 
 
 Choice of Embxemes, Ed. 1586; see 
 Whitney. 
 
 Cholmelet, Sir Hvghe, Knight, Emb. 
 130. Knighted with others ; how named 
 in Fuller's Worthies, 355 ; Webb's en- 
 comium ; descendants, 356. 
 
 Cholmley, sir Hugh, of Yorkshire, 355 n. 
 
 Cholmelet, Hvghe, ~Esquier, 1552-1601, 
 Emb. 138 ; descent of the family, 362 ; 
 arms, 363; member for Cheshire ; wife, 
 the bold Ladye of Cheshire, 364 ; lords- 
 lieutenant, 363 ; tomb, 364. 
 
 Cholmondeleys and Egertons of the same 
 stock, 362. 
 
 Clemens on Egyptian writing, xii n. 
 
 Collet, Mrs. D., Whitney's sister, xvii, 
 xlvi, Emb. 91, 341 ; name borne by the 
 Wellesley family, 341 ; Colley of Aud- 
 lem, 342. 
 
 Collier, J. Payne, — " Sie Philip Sidnet 
 his Life and Death," 327. 
 
4i 8 
 
 General Index. 
 
 CoLYitrs, Petee, of Bruges, 1567-1594, 
 Emb. 103; stanzas to Whitney [19], 
 xxix ; works and untimely fate, 345, 6 ; 
 epitaph by Dousa, 345. 
 
 Colonna, Mutio, — his motto ; Fabritio^ 
 407. 
 
 Combe, Thomas, his Embiems not known 
 to exist, xix. 
 
 Combermere, Emb. p. 201, PI. 14, — its na- 
 tural beauties &c., xli, xliii, xliv, 334, 5. 
 
 Combermere, viscount, field marshal, died 
 1865, — of the Cotton family, p. 334. 
 
 Constanter, Emb. 129, part of Whitney's 
 motto, Ixviii, PL 7 and PI. 43 a, p. 401. 
 
 Coole Pilate, manor of, — Whitney's birth- 
 place, PI. 1 1 a, p. xl. xli, xliii, 402 ; situ- 
 ation described, xlii. 
 
 Copies of Whitney, — major Egerton 
 Leigh's, xxvii ; Mr. Swinnerton's, 382. 
 
 Correspondences and resemblances in 
 Whitney to earlier Emblematists very 
 numerous, 406 ; many fully traced out, 
 237-252 ; others not so exactly copied 
 or imitated, from Giovio, Ruscelli and 
 Pomenichi, 406 ; seven instances, 406- 
 409. 
 
 Corrozet's Hecatomgeaphie, Ed. 1540, 
 title, PI. 32, p. 239 ; and Device, Gnats 
 round a candle, illustrating Whitney, 
 Emb. 219, and Shakespeare's Pericles, 
 p. 299. Source of one device in Whit- 
 ney, suggestive often, 239. 
 
 Corrozet, Giles, 15 10-1568, a bookseller,— 
 brief notice of, and of his works, 281. 
 
 Corser, Rev. Thomas, — has in his posses- 
 sion English translation of Paradin, PI. 
 56, xviii, 247 ; Mirrourof Majestie, xxi; 
 Stirry's Satire, xxii ; Esbatiment moral 
 des Animaux, p. 241 ; Is. Whitney's 
 Sweet Nosgay, Pi. 1 1, p. xlv-xlviii ; lviii; 
 Feyned Testament, p. lviii. 
 
 Cost de hen amar porto tormento, Emb. 
 219, illustrative of Shakespeare, p. 295; 
 similar mottoes, and PI. 32, p. 295 and 
 395-. 
 
 Costalius ; see Coustau. 
 
 Cotton, Roger, Rowland, — sir Robert 
 
 Bruce, founder of the Cotton library, 
 
 333, 4- 
 
 Cotton, Richaede, JSsquier, Emb. 65 and 
 200 ; collateral branches of the family, 
 333; his father and descendants, 334; 
 Device of the Beehive, Emb. 200, PI. 58, 
 p. 382 ; old Combermere, PI. 14, 382. 
 Coustau's Pegma, Ed. 1555, PI. 34; and 
 ' Pegme, Ed. 1560, PI. 35, p. 240. Re- 
 mote source of seven of Whitney's 
 devices, direct of one, 240 ; an octain 
 on the swan, and the force of eloquence, 
 285; Emb. 131 illustrated by PI. 34, 
 p. 284, and Emb. 230, by PI. 35, p. 285. 
 
 Coustau, Pierre, or Costalius, author of 
 Pegma, 1555 ; translated into French 
 1560^.284,5. 
 
 Crests, often emblematical, p. xii, xiii ; 
 Lion, PI. 9, p. xxi ; Bear and ragged 
 staff, [2] and 105, 304, 5, 314, 347 ; 
 unarmed foot in the sun, 298 ; the 
 Badger, 337 n; the Swan, Emb. 126, 
 PI. 2, p. 354 ; the Ass's head, p. 356 ; 
 the Helmet, Emb. 138, p. 363; Ship 
 under reeff, 382; a Stork, p. 387 ; a 
 naked arm grasping a sword, 384 ; the 
 Elk, 232 and 406 ; Various, 406-410. 
 
 Crispin de Pass, — fine copperplates to 
 Wither's emblems, p. xxi. 
 
 Croissant, Jean, — an engraver for some 
 devices in Sambucus, p. 248. 
 
 Ceoxton, Mr. John, Emb. 167; his father 
 "John Croxton of Ravenscroft," who 
 sold a third part of Bexton " to the 
 lady Mary Cholmondley," 367 ; the 
 grandson Thomas, the celebrated colo- 
 nel Croxton, governor of Chester castle, 
 1659= P- 367>8. 
 
 Cupid and Death, Emb. 1 32, — a fine fable, 
 xxxiii ; from Joachim Bellay, lxii ; 
 simply given by Whitney, lxiii ; on 
 what occasion written, lxivre; copied 
 from Whitney by Peacham, PI. 10. 
 p. liv. 
 
 DDaniell's " Woethy Teact of Pau- 
 . lus Iouius" &c, Ed. 1585, PI. 
 60, an emblem-book without pictorial 
 illustrations, xviii, 300 n; known to 
 Shakespeare, 300, 1, 2, 3; source of 
 "Quod me alit" in Pericles, 302 ; but 
 only one of Shakespeare's emblems 
 from this source, 3 1 1 n ; the transla- 
 tion from the Roman edition of 1555, 
 PI. 60, p. 311 ; dedication, 411 ; pas- 
 sages from, 407-409. 
 Daniell, Samuel, 1562-1619, poet-laureat 
 and historian, xviii ; extracts from, 
 404, 407, 409. 
 Dante's Ineebno, Ed. 148 1, — one of the 
 
 first books to be embellished, xiii. 
 Davies, Dr., of Chester, a descendant 
 of Whitney's sister (Mrs. Colley), xlvi, 
 p. 342 ; safe conduct to William Colley 
 from Arthur lord Capel, 1643, p. 342. 
 Dedications: — to the marquis of Chol- 
 mondeley, iii ; Sidney, xvi ; James I., 
 p. xvii, 241 ; the earl of Essex, xix ; 
 capteine Christopher Carleill, xviii, 247; 
 Henry prince of Wales, xxi ; Robert 
 earle of Leycester [3] ; Margaret queen 
 of Navarre, 238, 283; Ortelius, 241; 
 Maximilian II., 248 ; George Manwa- 
 ringe, 364; sir Edward Dimmock, 411. 
 Device, meaning, 233. 
 
General Index. 
 
 Devices, — appropriated to or by indivi- 
 duals : M. de Saint Valier, 302 ; cardi- 
 nal of Lorraine, 319; Mary Tudor, 
 321; sir P. Sidney, 324; the Tudor 
 race, 331; Francis Sforza, 348 m; bishop 
 Alcock, 349 ; count Battista da Lo- 
 drone, 35 1 ; Mutio Colonna, Pompey 
 the great, Vespasian, Augustus, Fa- 
 britio Colonna, 407 ; Prancisco Borgia, 
 Lodovico Aristo, Louis XII., Charles 
 VIII., 408 ; Plisca, 409 ; Lorenzo the 
 magnificent, 404 ; Edward VI., madame 
 Elenor of Austria, and my lady Bona of 
 Savoy, 373. 
 
 Devices assumed by printers on title 
 pages: Morellus, 1558, lxii; Maire, 
 1640, PI. 1 ; Keruer, 155 1, PI. 25 De 
 Ope, 1497, PI. 4; Wechel, 1534, PI. 
 6; Plantin, 1562 PI. 7, 1581 PI. 21, 
 1564 PI. 24, 1565 PI. 26, 1585 PI. 27 ; 
 De Bry, 1597 PI. 45, 1598 PI. 46; 
 Laonius, 1580, PI. 8 ; Aldus, 1546, 
 PI. 16; Eoville, 1551 PI. 17, PI. 18, 
 1562 PI. 36, 1561 PI. 62 ; Bononiae, 
 PI. 23 ; Nef des folz du mode 1499, 
 28 ; Ianot, 1539 PI. 30, 1540 PI. 32 ; 
 Bonhomme, 1552 PI. 33, 1555 PI. 34; 
 Molin, 1560, PI. 35 ; Preitag, 1579, 
 PI. 38; Peyerabend, 158 1, PI. 42; 
 Kearney, 1591, PI. 56; Barre, 1555, 
 PI. 60; Waterson, 1585, PI. 60; Zi- 
 letti, 1556, PI, 61 ; Griolito, 1556, PI. 
 61. 
 
 Devices in Whitney, not traced to other 
 emblem writers, 236, 7, and 252 ; 
 
 - simply suggested by them, 237-243; 
 identical with theirs, i.e. from the same 
 blocks, 243-252 ; having their remote 
 or ultimate origin with them, 406- 
 411. 
 
 Devises Heeoiqves &c, PI. 7 ; see Pa- 
 radin. 
 
 Devises et Emblemes &c. ; see Symeoni. 
 
 Dew, Tomkyns, Esq., owner of Whitney 
 court, xxxvi, xxxix. 
 
 Dialogues of tije Creatures, 148 1, p. xiii ; 
 see De Leeu. 
 
 Dialogo &c., PI. 60, 61 ; see Giovio. 
 
 Dibdin's remarks, — Stultifera Nauis, xiv, 
 xv a ; notice of Whitney, xxxiii ; inac- 
 curate as to the sources of Whitney's 
 emblems, xxxiv, 235 ; Beza's emblems, 
 242; Paradin, 247 ; Corrozet, 281. 
 
 Diee, Edwaedb, Esquier, 1540-1607, 
 Emb. 132 and 196, p. 358; celebrated 
 name, — a poet and a courtier, — held in 
 high esteem by Sidney, 359 ; noble 
 stanzas, — sources of information, 360. 
 
 Discoeso, intorno all' inuentioni &c. ; see 
 Puuscelli. 
 
 Disseetation Inteoduotoey, ix-lxxiv ; 
 
 chap. I. Emblem literature, ix-xxv ; 
 
 chap. II. Memoir and writings of 
 
 Geffrey Whitney, xxvi-lxxiv. 
 Distichi Moeali, p. 294, should be 
 
 Tetrastichi Morali; see Giovio and 
 
 Symeoni's Sententiose Imprese, p. 240. 
 Diveese Impeese, Italian translation 
 
 from Alciatus, PI. 17, p. 244; see 
 
 Alciatus. 
 
 Dog barking at the moon, Emb. 213, PI. 
 59 ; illustrative of Shakespeare, p. 
 
 Domenichi, Lodovico, — his treatise on 
 emblems, PI. 61, p. 311, 349, 351; 
 contains the germs of several of Whit- 
 ney's emblems, as the withered elm, 
 Emb. 62, and the watchful dog, or lion, 
 Emb. 120, p. 409. 
 
 Dotjsa, Ian, Lord of NoortwiieJc, 1 545- 
 1604; Portrait, PI. 55, p. 354, 5 ; Emb. 
 126, — the poet's badge, PI. 2, 354; 
 Stanzas on Whitney [17] and transla- 
 tion xxviii ; literary and biographical 
 notice, 355, sources of information 
 
 355. so^ 355, 3»7- 
 Dousa, Ian, 1571-1598, the son of Iks 
 Dotjsa, of Noortwijck, Emb. 206, — 
 early eminence 388, early death 388 ; 
 Dousa, the four brothers 387 ; relic of 
 the family 388 ; Sources of information 
 389-. 
 
 Deake, Eichaed, JEsquier, Emb. p. 203, 
 p. 382, — cousin of sir E. Drake, 383 ; 
 the Cheshire Drakes, 383; crest of the 
 family, 382. 
 
 Drake, sir Francis, 1545-1595, p. 382; 
 Voyage, — "world encompassed," 383; 
 anecdote of sir Bernard Drake, 384; 
 family name and origin 384, Encomium 
 384, Barrow's Life 385, other accounts 
 384, 5 ; portrait and relics, 385 ; Cow- 
 ley's lines, 385. Drake's funeral and 
 epitaph, 386. 
 
 Drew, correct to Dew, xxxvi, xxxix. 
 
 Dudley, Eobeet, " JSarle of Leicester," 
 1531-1588 ; armorial bearings, frontis- 
 piece [2], p. 314; dedication to by 
 Whitney of his Emblems, [3-13], 314; 
 who had presented them to him in 
 1585, p. [14] ; brief memoir of his life 
 and character, 314-317 ; works rela- 
 ting to him, — residence in Holland, — 
 numerous dedications of books to him, 
 316; portraits existing, and where, 317; 
 Thomas Newton's Latin lines, 317 ; 
 how acquainted with Whitney ; con- 
 nection with Cheshire, — reception in 
 Cheshire, 317. 
 
 Dudley, Ambeose, " Marie of War- 
 wiclce" 1530-1590, armorial bearings, 
 314, 347 ; account of his life, and ex- 
 
420 
 
 General Index. 
 
 cellent character, 347, 48 ; portraits at 
 
 Kuole and Woburn, 348 ; sources of 
 
 information, 348. 
 Dudleys, The, p. 315. 
 Durer, Albert, xvi ; some of his ideas in 
 
 Bocchius, p. 284. 
 Dutch emblem books, — Leeu's xiv, 401 ; 
 
 Catz' xxiii. Brant's translated, 274 . 
 
 EO. L. xiii, uncertain. 
 . O. L. xxxv and 313, Plato's 
 WOEKS p. 710. Francoforti 1602. 
 Eaely Emblem books and their intro- 
 duction into English Literature, xiii- 
 xix. 
 
 Egerton, Elizabeth, wife of sir W. Stanley, 
 P- 33o» i- 
 
 Egerton, Thomas, knight for Cheshire, 
 
 1585. P- 3 6 3' 
 
 Egertons and Cholmondeleys, of the same 
 stock, 362. 
 
 Egyptian Letters, certain signs so named 
 by Bocchius, Title p. i, — their mean- 
 ing, xii. 
 
 Excocke, Mr., Preacher, Emb. 217, — 
 Elcockes of Poole and of Stockport 
 394, — of Barthomley 395. 
 
 Elephant crushing a dragon, — Emb. 195, 
 a device by Giovio himself, 409. 
 
 Elizabeth, Queen, — Willet's double 
 acrostic to her name, xx ; Emb. 61, 
 Devices and mottoes 331, 2. Ocland's 
 dedication 401, her Arms PI. 43 a. 
 
 Emblema, or Emblem, — meaning, ix, x, 
 2 33- 
 
 Emblem-books, the early ones, xi, xiii-xv, 
 406-411. 
 
 Emblem-books, original or translated ; — 
 used by Whitney, or alluded to by him, 
 237-243, 243-252 ; not used by him 
 nor alluded to, 235 ; indirectly used, 
 406 ; other emblem-books, see Dutch, 
 English, Flemish, French, German, 
 Greek, Italian, Latin, and Spanish. 
 
 Emblem Litebatube, Sect. 1 . Nature of 
 Emblems ix-xiii : Sect. 2. Early em- 
 blem books &c. xiii-xix ; Sect. 3. Eng- 
 lish Emblem books, a.d. 1586-1686, 
 xix-xxiii ; Sect. 4. Extent and Decline 
 of Emblem Literature, xxiii-xxv. 
 
 Emblem-book operas in Holland, p. 
 xiii. 
 
 Emblem-writers of the 15th and 16th cen- 
 turies, — more or less connected with 
 Whitney, 233-252, 266-292, and 406- 
 411 ; see also Alciat, Aneau, Beza, 
 Brant, Corrozet, Coustau, Domenichi, 
 Eaerni, Ereitag, Giovio, Horapollo, 
 Junius, Paradin, Perriere, Reusner, 
 Ruscelli, Sambucus, and Symeoni; — 
 with correspondences of thought and 
 
 expression in Shakespeare's works, 293- 
 312. 
 
 Emblemata, — titles ; see Alciat, Sambu- 
 cus, Eeusner, Junius. 
 
 Emblems and Symbols, distinction be- 
 tween, p. x. 
 
 Emblems, natube oe, ix-xiii, definition 
 and illustrations, ix, x ; a species of 
 hieroglyphics, x ; early works truly 
 emblems, xi ; varieties of, in flowers, 
 medals &c. xii, xiii. 
 
 Emblems in Shakespeabe : Merchant of 
 Yenice, 294-296 ; Pericles, 297-304 ; 
 Bear and ragged staff, 305 ; Bees, 
 305, 6 ; Dog and Moon, 307 ; Wrongs 
 on Marble, 308-310. 
 
 Emblems, divine and moeal, by Quarles, 
 1635, p. xxi. 
 
 English Emblem-books : Barclay, 1508, 
 p. xiv, xv; translations, of Alciat, 
 155 1, xvi, of Perriere xvii, of Giovio 
 by Daniell, 1585, xviii, 311,404,411; 
 of Paradin, by P. S., 1591, xviii, 247, 
 374; — Whitney, first in all respects 
 complete, xviii; Combe and Willet, 
 xix-xxi; Various, from a.d. 1586- 
 1686, xix-xxii and xxiiw. 
 
 Engravers, famous at the beginning of 
 the 1 6th century, xvi ; whose work 
 appears in the old Emblem-books, — 
 Jost Ammon and Virgil Solis, 15 81, 
 242; Bonasone, 1555, p.284 ; Caracci, 
 1574, p. 284; Croissant, Goltzius, de 
 Jode and Van Londerzeel, 1 564, p. 248 ; 
 Gerard de Jode, 1579, p. 241, 290 ; 
 Italian or French, 411 M; in the 17th 
 century, Bolswert, 1632, xxii; Crispin 
 de Pass, 1635, xxi. 
 
 Engravings and woodcuts used over again, 
 234, 240, 241, 250, 411. 
 
 Envious, the, and avaricious, Emb. 95, 
 p. 342. 
 
 Envy, descriptions of, by Whitney and 
 Spenser, Emb. 94, lxvii. 
 
 Estimation in which Whitney was 
 held, xxvi, xxxv ; first of English 
 Emblem-books in value, xxvi; Allen's 
 admiration, xxvii, xxxi; Commenda- 
 tory stanzas, — Dousa [17] xxvii, Vul- 
 canius [17] xxviii, Colvius [18] xxix, 
 Limbert [19] xxx, Bourehier [19]. 
 Wit's commonwealth, — Peacham, xxx; 
 S. Egerton Brydges, xxxii; Dibdin, 
 xxxiii ; Ormerod, — J. B. Yates, xxxiv. 
 
 Fx damno alterius, alterius utilitas, Emb. 
 "9» 348, 9- 
 
 EXELANATOEY NOTES, LlTEEAEY AND 
 
 Biogeaphical, p. 313-400 ; Addenda, 
 401-412. 
 
 Extent and decline oe Emblem Li- 
 
 TEBATUEE, Xxiii-XXV. 
 
General Index. 
 
 421 
 
 FO. L. six, and 290, Corrozet's He- 
 . catomgeaphie. f. 5 1, Paris 1540. 
 O. L. xxiii and 288, $,e£ Urg JFnlj, f. xxv, 
 
 Paris 1499. 
 Fables and Epigrams, a work by Whit- 
 ney, — no trace of it known, lvi, con- 
 jecture respecting it, lvii. 
 Fables by Perret, Anvers, 1578 ; of iEsop, 
 
 Antverpice 1581, p. 237. 
 Faerni's "FABr/ias C." &c, Eomce 1564, — 
 designs from Titian, p. 25 1 ; Plantin's 
 editions 1563-1585, p. 251 ; "Centum 
 Fabvi.^;" &c, Antverpice 1585, PI. 27, 
 p. 251 ; Pox and Grapes, PI. 27, Emb. 
 98, p. 344 ; Whitney has sixteen iden- 
 tical devices, — some of his borders from 
 this edition, 251. The hind injuring 
 the leaves, 408. 
 Faerno, Gabriello, died 156 1; his fables 
 written at the request of Pius IV. — 
 correct Latinity ; notice of the author, 
 288. 
 
 Feriunt summos fulmina monies Emb. 
 
 140, — adopted by Francisco duke of 
 
 Candia, p. 408. 
 Festina tenth Emb. 122, — the motto of 
 
 Augustus and of Yespasian, 407. 
 Flemish emblem books ; translations from 
 
 Sambucus, 1566, 248 ; and Junius, 
 
 r 575> 2 5°; also Goedthal's Proverbs, 
 
 1568, p. 237. 
 Flisca, S., O., and G., — their device and 
 
 motto, 409. 
 Fioweedewe, Edwaed, an eminent judge 
 
 died 1586, Emb. 121 and 122. Under 
 
 steward of Great Yarmouth in 1580, p. 
 
 li, PI. 13, p. 402; Notice of; other 
 
 sources of information, 353. 
 Foliato, Hugo de, — his Emblems, "De 
 
 UolttcrtDUS" of the thirteenth century, 
 
 xxxiiw, 272. 
 Fontana, Prospero, a contributor to the 
 
 devices in Bocchius, Ed. 1555. p. 284. 
 Fortiter et feliciter, Emb. 1 15, — the de- 
 vice of the dukes of Milan, 348. 
 Fraunce, Abraham, London 1588, his 
 
 work rather a book of heraldry, xxi. 
 Feeake, Edm., an excellent youth, Emb. 
 
 100, son of bishop Freake, 344, — the 
 
 name in Devonshire and Hampshire, 
 
 345- 
 
 Freitag's " Mythoiogia Ethica," Ed. 
 1579, Title PI. 38, p. 241 ; specimen 
 devices, PI. 39, The Phoenix Emb. 179, 
 291 ; PI. 40, the ants and grasshopper, 
 Emb. 159, p. 291, 365: twelve devices 
 similar to those in Whitney, — one of 
 the same origin, 241 ; Engravings by 
 Gerard de Jode, 241, 290. 
 
 Freitag, Arnold, born about 1560, — No- 
 tice of him, 290, 1. 
 
 French Emblem-books ; original, — Cor- 
 rozet's Hecatomgraphie, Paris 1540, PI. 
 32, p. 239 ; Paradin's Devises He- 
 roiques, Ed. a Lyons 1557, 247, — also 
 Ed. Anvers 1562, PI. 7, p. 246; Per- 
 ret's "XXY. fables des animaux," 
 Anvers 1578, p. 237 ; Perriere's "The- 
 atre des bons Engins," Paris 1539, PI. 
 30, p. 238 ; Symeoui's Devises ou Em- 
 blemes Heroiiques &c, a Lyon 1561, PI. 
 62, 240, 410 : translations, — Aneau's 
 Alciat, Ed. 1549, p. 287 ; Aneau's 
 "Imagination Poetique, Paris 1552, p. 
 239, 287 ; Filleul's or PhilieuPs, — 
 Giovio, 1561, p. xviii, 411 ; Grevin's 
 Emblesmes de Adrian le Jeune, 1567, 
 p. 250 ; Grevin's Sambucus, 1567, p. 
 248 ; Goedthal's Proverbes anciens &c. 
 1568, p. 237 ; Goulart's Beza, 158 1, p. 
 242; Horapollo, 1543, p. 273; Lante- 
 aume's Pegme, 1560, PI. 35, p. 240 ; 
 Marnef's "Grand Nef des Folz du 
 Monde," 1499, PI. 28, p. xv and 238 ; 
 Symeoni's Devices and Emblems, 1565, 
 p. 277 ; 1561 p. 411. 
 
 Frontis nulla fides, Emb. 100, the stanzas 
 to be compared with Sambucus, p. 
 
 344; 
 
 Frontispieces, — Whitney's arms, p. iv, 
 xxxix; Leicester's, p. [2] 105, 314; 
 Alciat's, p. 232, 406 ; queen Elizabeth's, 
 PI. 43 a, p. 401. 
 
 GO. L. ix, Linacre's Galen, f. 1, 
 . C. altered, Paris 1538. 
 O. L. 275, Corrozet's Hecatomge. f. 61, 
 
 Paris 1540. 
 Gai/li Canttts Johannis Alcock, &c, 
 
 1498, p. 349. 
 German Emblem-books : Brant's " ^ar= 
 Wttscf)gff," Ed. 1494, p. xiv, xxxi, 237 ; 
 Horapollo, 1554, p. 273. 
 Giovio and Symeoni's " Sententiose Im- 
 peese," or "Tetrastichi Morali," Ed. 
 1562, PI. 36, p. 240 and 410 ; probable 
 source of thirteen of Whitney's em- 
 blems, p. 241 ; Wrongs on marble, PI. 
 37, p. 241, 276 ; correspondence in 
 Shakespeare, 308 ; device of Augustus, 
 407 ; through Paradin, the original of 
 many of Whitney's devices, p, 410. 
 Giovio's Dialogo Sfc. : Ed. Pome 1555, 
 PI. 60, p. 406; Venice 1556, PI. 61, 
 p. 311 »; Lyons 1574, p. 411, orEagio- 
 namento &c, Ed. Venice 1556, PI. 6r, 
 p. xviii and 311 n, 406. Daniell's ver- 
 sion, p. xviii, London 1585, PI. 60, 
 31 1 n. 
 
 Giovio Paolo, 148 3-1552, Portrait, PI. 48, 
 biographical notice, 275, 6, and 410 ; 
 Oettinger names another bishop of 
 
42.2 
 
 General Index. 
 
 Noeera, 276%; Device of his invention, 
 p. 409. 
 
 Goltzius Hubert, an engraver, his mono- 
 gram on some of the devices of Sambu- 
 cus and Junius, as PI. 20 d, p. 248, 321. 
 
 Goslinge, Mr. John, Emb. 215, p. 393, 
 of Norwich, educated at Cambridge, 
 p. 394 ; named in an inscription to Dr. 
 Legge, 394. 
 
 Grasshopper and Ants, Emb. 159, PI. 40, 
 p. 291, 365. 
 
 Greek Emblem-books, — Tablet of Cebes, 
 B.C. 390, p. 272, PI. 1 and 3, Ed. 1640, 
 p. xi ; Hieroglyphics of Horapollo, 
 a.d. 408-450, PI. 2, p. xi, xii, 272, 3. 
 Some Greek stanzas in the Picta Poesis, 
 p. 287. 
 
 Greville, Eulke, lord Broke, — Sidney's 
 friend, p. 324, 359 ; — his Life of Sid- 
 ney, 324. 
 
 Gbyphith, Ellis, Emb. 101, conjectures 
 
 respecting him, 345. 
 "Guerre doulce aux inexperimentez," PI. 
 
 32, Emb. 219,— Portia's words agree 
 
 with this device and motto, p. 295. 
 Guevara, Antony de, died 1544, author of 
 
 the Golden Epistles, Emb. 94, p. 342. 
 
 HO. L. 243, 372, $,ef tits iFoIj, xv I, 
 . Paris 1499. 
 Hadrian Junius ; — see Junius. 
 Haklvytfs Voyages, — quoted 389, 390. 
 Habebeowne, M. William, at Constan- 
 tinople, Emb. 207 ; of a Norfolk family, 
 389 ; variations in spelling the name, 
 389 ; Elizabeth's ambassador to the 
 Sultan, 1582-1588, p. 389 ; Journey to 
 and from Constantinople, 390 : the 
 Turkey company, 390. 
 Hermann's Pia Desideeia &c, Antwerp 
 1628, englished by Arwaker 1686, 
 p. xxii. 
 
 Heeoicall Detises &c., translated by 
 P. S. 1591, PI. 56, p. xviii and 247 ; 
 testing Gold, PI. 56, Whitney's Emb. 
 139, — remarkable history, 303, 364, 
 407, — applied by Shakespeare in Pe- 
 ricles, 304, — also the wreath of chi- 
 valry, and burning torch, PI. 57 ; ques- 
 tionable whether from this translation, 
 3°4- 
 
 Hesius Guilielmus, — Emblemata, &c, 
 Antwerp 1636, — p. 298 — Emblems of 
 Hope, 298. 
 
 Heywood, Thomas, esq. — information re- 
 specting the Herefordshire Whitneys, 
 p. xxxvii ; edition of Cardinal Allen's 
 Defence of Sir W. Stanley, p. 330. 
 
 Hieeoglyphica, — title of various works ; 
 by Coslius Augustinus, Ed. 1 567, p. 27 3 ; 
 by Valerian, Ed. 1 556 and 1567, p. xxi; 
 
 Horapollo, PI. 2, Ed. 155 1, p. xi, 239; 
 Komein de Hooghe, p. 273. 
 
 " HlEBOGBAPHIA BEGVM EbANCOBYM," 
 
 P- 3°3- 
 
 Historical Anecdotes connected with cer- 
 tain devices, 406-409. 
 
 Hive of bees, Emb. 200, PI. 58, p. 305 ; 
 with their home destroyed, 408. 
 
 Hobaet, Miles, JSsquier, Emb. 67, p. 
 xxxiii, not the patriot member of Great 
 Marlow ; several Hobarts named ; — who 
 this Miles was undetermined, p. 336. 
 
 Holland's Heboologia, not Horoologia, 
 P- 34i- 
 
 Homo Jiomini htpus, Emb. 144 ; — same 
 motto, but not same device in Eeusner, 
 PI. 43, 292, 365 better, Homo homini 
 deus, 292. 
 
 Hooghe, Romyn de, engraver of the 
 Tablet of Cebes, PI. 3, p. xi ; splendid 
 work, — Hieeoglyphica of Merkbeil- 
 den Der oude Yolkeren &c, 1735, p. 
 
 273- 
 
 Hope, numerous emblems of, p. 298 n. 
 
 Horace, imitated by Whitney, lxi. 
 
 Horapollo's Hieeoglyphica, Ed. 1551, 
 PI. 2, a book of emblems, p. xi ; early 
 editions 1505-1548, — Dr. Conrad Lee- 
 man's edition, 1835; Whitney has 
 nine similar devices, p. 239, 273, as 
 the Swan, PI. 2, Emb. 126, the poet's 
 badge, p. 353,4. 
 
 Horapollo, a.d. 408-450,— contrary opi- 
 nions respecting him, xii ; some account 
 of, 272: various versions; Champol- 
 hon's judgment of, 273. 
 
 Howlte, M., Treacher, Emb. 228 ; an 
 old Cheshire and Lancashire name, — 
 conjectured to be one of the Frankfort 
 divines in 1557, p. 399. 
 
 IO.L. 253, Alciat's Diyeese Impeese, 
 . P- 2, Lyons 155 1. 
 O. L. 282, Coustau's Pegme, Lyons 1560. 
 Icones, id est Vera? Imagines &c, PI. 8 ; 
 P>eza. 
 
 Icones Quinqttaginta Vieoeum &c, 
 PL 45 and 46 ; see De P>ry. 
 
 Identical Devices in Whitney to those in 
 earlier emblem writers, p. 243-252 ; 
 to the number of 202, p. 252 ; confined 
 to Plantin's editions, p. 244, 406. 
 
 Ille pompm prouexit apex; in Paradin, 
 PI. 57 ; motto of the third knight in 
 Pericles, 297 and 300. 
 
 Impeese, Imprints, p. xvii, — known to 
 sir P. Sidney, 3 1 1 » ; also to the an- 
 cients, 407. 
 
 Impeese illustei &c, Ed. 1566 ; see 
 Ruscelli. 
 
 In amore tormentwm, Emb. 219, Device 
 
General Index. 
 
 423 
 
 from Corrozet, PI. 32, 395 ; also in 
 Giovio and Symeoni, 395. 
 Index, — to Mottoes in Whitney, Ixxv- 
 lxxix ; to Proverbial Expressions, lxxx ; 
 to Mottoes in Whitney different to 
 those in oth^r emblem writers, 405 ; 
 to the Illustrative Plates, 413-414, and 
 other Illustrations, 414; General In- 
 dex, 415. 
 
 Indices, — of Devices, similar in Whitney 
 
 to those in other writers, 238-243; — 
 
 identical, 245-251. 
 In poenam sectatur <Sf vnibra, Emb. 32, 
 
 PI. 41 from Beza, p. 323. 
 Insignium Aemoeum &c, Ed. 1588 ; see 
 
 Fraunce. 
 
 Invocation to the Divine Spirit, p. 287. 
 
 Italian Emblem books ; — Alciat, — Diverse 
 Imprese &c, 1551, PI. 17, p. 244; 
 Domenichi's Eagionamento &c, 1556, 
 PI. 61, p. 311, 349, 351 ; Giovio's Dia- 
 logo, Ed. 1555 PI. 60, Ed. 1556 PI. 61, 
 p. 311 n, 406, Ed. 1574, p. 411; Ea- 
 gionamento, Ed. 1556, PI. 61, p. 31m; 
 Giovio and Symeoni' 3 Sententiose Im- 
 prese &c, 1562, PL 36, p. 240, 410; 
 Horapollo, Ed. 1548, p. 273 ; Euseelli's 
 Discorso, Ed. 1556, p. 311 n; furnishes 
 little to Whitney, 409. 
 
 Italian origin of devices to Junius, p. 
 250, to Bocchius p. 284; to Whitney 
 411 n. 
 
 JACOBS, Lucas, of Leyden, a cele- 
 brated engraver, p. xvi. 
 j ames I. of England, earliest known por- 
 trait of, in Beza's Emblems, p. xvii 
 and 242. 
 
 Jebmyn, Sir Eobebt, Knight, Emb. 43, 
 Account of, — commended by Leicester, 
 327 ; of puritan principles, — Fuller's 
 testimony ; rarity of the name, 328. 
 
 Jocelyne, Mary, granddaughter of bishop 
 Chaderton, — daughter of sir Eichard 
 Brooke, 350; author of the Mother's 
 Legacy, 351. 
 
 Jonson, M. James, Emb. 227 ; uncertain, 
 399- 
 
 Junius, Hadrian, — "Emblemata" &c. Ed. 
 1565, PI. 26, p. 249 ; most elegant de- 
 vices of Italian origin, 250; specimens 
 of this edition, — the cats entrapped, the 
 rats at play, PL 26 a Emb. p. 222, 397 ; 
 ivy and obelisk, PL 26 b Emb. 1, p. 
 319 ; truth from the well, PL 26c, Emb. 
 p. 4, 321 ; the provident crocodile, PL 
 26 d Emb. p. 3, 321 ; from this edition 
 Whitney has twenty identical devices, 
 250, 1 : — "Emblemata" &c.Ed. 1596 ; 
 "Emblesmes de Adbtan le Jeune" 
 &c. Ed. 1567 ; "Emblemata" "in 
 
 NEDEELANT6CHE TALO " &C. Ed. 1575, 
 p. 250. 
 
 Junius, Hadrian, physician, 1511-1575, 
 Portrait, PL 50 ; biographical notice, 
 282; works, 249; stanzas to his son 
 Peter, p. 282 and 343. 
 
 KKenrick's Egypt, — modern disco- 
 . veries in hieroglyphics, xii. 
 Knewstvb, M. Preacher, Emb. 223, 
 Nemo potest duobis dominis seruire, PL 
 5> P- 397- -A- friend of bishop Chader- 
 ton and Dr. Andrews, p. 351 ; chaplain 
 to the earl of Leicester; his works; 
 rector of Cockfield, 397 : further in- 
 formation where to be found, 398 n. 
 Koning's " Lexicon Hieeoglyphictjm 
 Saceo-peoeanum," &c, 6 vols, large 
 folio, Amsterdam 1722, p. 273. 
 
 LLanguet, Hubert, a friend of sir P. 
 . Sidney, — his correspondence, p. 
 3H, 3 2 7- 
 
 Lanteavme de Eomieu, — Pegme de Pierre 
 Covstav, &c, Ed. 1560, PL 35, p. 240; 
 Device, Le temps fait tout, PL 35, — to 
 compare with Whitney's Emb. p. 230. 
 Eight similar devices in Whitney, p. 240. 
 
 Latin Emblem books ; — original, Alciat's 
 Ed. 1534, PI. 6 ; Ed. 1546, PL 16; Ed. 
 
 1551, PL 19 ; Ed. 1581, PL 21, p. 244, 
 245: — Aneau's "Picta Poesis, " Ed. 
 
 1552, PL 33, p. 239; Beza's "Icones, 
 id est Verse Imagines," &c, Ed. 1580, 
 p. 242; Bocchius "SymbolicarvmQvaes- 
 tionvm," &c , Ed. 1574, PL 23, p. 284; 
 Costalius, — "Pegma," &c, Ed. 1555, PL 
 34, p. 240 ; Paerni's "Centvm Fabvla?," 
 &c, Ed. 1585, p. 251 ; Freitag's "My- 
 thologia Ethica," &c, Ed. 1579, PL 38, 
 p. 241 ; Junius', — "Emblemata," &c., 
 Ed. 1565, PL 26, p. 249 ; Eeusner's 
 "Emblemata," &c, Ed. 1581, PL 42, 
 p. 242 ; Sambucus, "Emblemata," &c, 
 Ed. 1564, PL 24, p. 248. 
 
 Latin Emblem books ; — -translations ; 
 JSsop, — "Fabulee aliquot," &c, Ed. 
 158 1, p. 237 ; Geyler's "Navicula, sive 
 speculum fatuorum," &c, Ed. 151 1, p. 
 235 ; Gouverneur, Jean le, — "Symbola 
 Heroica M. Claudii Paradini," &c, Ed. 
 '567, p. 247 ; Horapollo, Ed. 1544, 
 p. 273; Locher's "Stultifera Nauis," 
 Ed. 1597, PL 4, p. 237; Maerman's 
 " Apologi Creaturarum," &c.,Ed. 1584, 
 P- 235. 
 
 Leemans' Dr. Conrad, — edition of Hor- 
 apollo's HlEEOGLYPHICA, Amstelodami, 
 1835, — the best on critical grounds, 
 239. 2 73- 
 
 Leeu's " 3Tij)gs=spraccft tin cteatuven," 
 B B 
 
424 
 
 General Index. 
 
 Ed. 1481, p. xiii., xiv.; "Dialog. 
 
 Ceeatue. Mobali," Ed. 1480, p. 235; 
 
 " Spiegel der Sassen," Ed. 1472, p. 401. 
 Leeu, Gheraert, — a printer of Gouda, p. 
 
 xiii., xiv., 235 and 401. 
 Le Grys, a friend of Whitney, li. 
 Leicester, sir J. F., 367. 
 Leigb, major Egerton, — his copy of Whit- 
 ney, xxvii. ; probably a presentation 
 
 copy to J. Allen, xxxi. n. 
 " Letter by a yonge Gentilwoman," &c, 
 
 by Is. Whitney, p. lix. 
 Leycester, Robert earle of, see Dudley, 
 
 Robert. 
 
 Leycester sir Peter ; Historical Antiqui- 
 ties, Ed. 1673; quoted xli., xlii., 337, 
 
 357, 358, 361, 363, 364, 367. 37°, 387; 
 contest with sir Thomas Mainwaring, 
 as to Amicia, daughterof Hugh Cy velioc, 
 
 P- 358. 
 
 Ley den — Catalogue of Students — 1575- 
 
 1616 — , — Whitney's name, p. vii. 
 Lexicon Hieeoglyphicum Saceo-peo- 
 
 EANUM, &C, p. 27 j. 
 
 Limbeet, Stephan, the very learned, for 
 32 years master of Norwich school, 
 Emb. 173; p. 370, i; his stanzas on 
 Whitney, p. (19) xxx. ; — Whitney's 
 tutor, 370; memorial by a pupil, 371. 
 
 Lipsius Justus, the very famous, Emb. 
 21 3> P- 392, a friend of Whitney, liv. ; 
 his learning, brief biography, 392 ; 
 works from the Plantin press, 393 n; 
 sources of information, p. 393. 
 
 Locher's " Stulttfera Nam's," p. xiv., Ed. 
 1497, PI. 4, p. 237 ; Device, PI. 5, 
 Emb. 223 ; of Whitney's devices Jive 
 similar, two derived, p 238. 
 
 Londerzeel, Assuerus Van, an engraver, — 
 some of his work in Sambucus, p. 248. 
 
 " Lotterie in London," p. xlix., 1., " Her 
 Maiesties poesie at," Emb. p. 61, 331- 
 333 : Lotteries invented by the Romans; 
 —Virginian state-lottery, in 1567, p. 
 332 ; " Gentlemen's Posy," and "Ladies' 
 Posy," on tickets purchased for Gt. 
 Yarmouth, p. 333; where a fuller his- 
 tory of Lotteries is given, p. 333. 
 
 " Lvsthof tan 2&ethoma," Ed. 1 596, one 
 of the later books from Rapheleng's 
 press, p. 27 1 n. 
 
 O. L. p. v — from Linacre's Galen, 
 . f. 35, Paris 1538. 
 
 Mainwarings, — branches of, p. 356, 357 ; 
 crest, 356 ; rebuild the hall of Over 
 Peoverin 1585-6, p. 357 n; sir Thomas, 
 in 1673-1679, carries on a controversy 
 with sir Peter Leycester, p. 358 ; the 
 dfjartblar&m, 356 ; " diversifyings " of 
 the name, 358 n. 
 
 Malim, W., the very learned, 1533-1594, 
 Emb. 89, q? and 152, p. 365 ; a great 
 traveller, — notice of him, — Source of 
 information, — his Eamagosta, printed 
 at Antwerp, 365. 
 
 Manship's History of Yarmouth, p. li.,lv., 
 
 3 6 i, .389. 398- 
 
 Manuzio, Aldo, printer of Venice, in 1490 ; 
 Paolo, in 15 15, Ed. of Alciat, 1546, 
 PI. 16; and Aldo 1574-1597, p. 266. 
 
 Manwaeinge, Sir Aethvee, Knight, 
 Emb. 131, p. 356, of Ightfield, in Shrop- 
 shire, — his father sir John, — himself, his 
 wife, and daughter, 357. Roger, bishop 
 of Hereford (Hen.IV.), of this family, — 
 and Arthur Mainwaring, in 1668, p. 
 357. Sir Arthur's daughter Mary, 
 married to Richard Cotton 357, — 
 descent of the present Mainwarings 
 from this stock, 357, 8, and upward from 
 Roger Mesnilgarin in the Conqueror's 
 time, 358. 
 
 Manwaeinge, Geoege, Esquier, Emb. 
 J 39> P- 3^4; Dedication to, by Is. 
 Whitney, PI. 11, p. lviii, and 364; 
 Account of by Dugdale, — knighted, — 
 daughter Anna bore ten sons and ten 
 daughters to sir John Corbet, 364. 
 Remarkable history of the emblem, 364. 
 
 Marnef Geffrey, %i gvat net OtS Jfolj STX 
 mailt, Ed. 1499, PI. 28, p. xv., 238 ; of 
 the emblems six similar to Whitney's, 
 one the original, p. 238 ; the women 
 gaming, PI. 29, Emb. 176; the devices 
 from Stultifera nauis, 234. 
 
 Masseys allied to the Whitneys, p. xli. 
 and 370, 
 
 Memoie and Weitings of Gepfeey 
 Whitney, xxvi.-lxxiv. ; Sect. 1, Esti- 
 mation in which he was held, — Notices 
 and Criticisms, xxvi.-xxxv. ; Sect. 2, 
 the Whitneys of Herefordshire and 
 Cheshire, xxxv.-lv. ; Sect. 3, the Writ- 
 ings of Whitney — some estimate of 
 their worth, lv.-lxxiv, 
 
 Mens immota manet, Emb. 43, Whitney's 
 stanzas inferior to the original in Sam- 
 bucus, p. 327. 
 
 Merehantof Venice,— Shakespeare's casket 
 scenes in the spirit of emblem-art, p. 
 294-296. 
 
 Mere Thomas, before 1600, mentions in 
 " Wit's Commonwealth, " Whitney, 
 Combe, and Willet, xxx. 
 
 Mignault, Claude, or Mino'is, 1536-1606. 
 his distinction between emblems and 
 symbols, p. x. ; Commentaeies on 
 Alciat, Ed. 1581, PL 21, p. 244, — 
 some account of, and of the author, 
 P' 2 79 J great learning, 279. 
 
 Mineeta Beitanna, i 6 1 2, — see Peacham . 
 
General Index. 
 
 Mino'is, see Mignault. 
 
 Mibbotte oe Majestie, Ed. 1618, — the 
 only perfect copy is Mr. Corser's, p. xxi. 
 
 Moeal Emblems, from Catz and Earlie, 
 Ed. 1862, p. xxiii. n. 
 
 Moretus, or Moereturf, John, was Plan- 
 tin's son-in-law, 269, — Balthazar, the 
 grandson, inherited Plantin's library, 
 268 ; the family, in 1865, still wealthy, 
 268 n ; Edward, — the present owner of 
 the library and printing office, 268 n, 
 234 n. 
 
 Mother's Legacy to her unborn child, 
 35i- 
 
 Motto, meaning of, p. 233 ; Whitney's 
 " Constanter et syncere," p. lxviii. 
 
 Mottoes, Index to, and translation of, 
 lxxv.-lxxix. Mottoes of emblems as 
 well as devices by Whitney, generally 
 borrowed, p. 237 ; — instances to the 
 contrary, 405, 406. 
 
 Mottoes of historical and other personages 
 quoted ; Alciat, — Never procrastinate, 
 232, 406 ; Aristo, Pro bono malum, 408 ; 
 Augustus and Vespasian, Festina lente, 
 407 ; Bona of Savoy, Sola facta solum 
 Deum sequor, 373; Fabritio Colouna, 
 Fides hoc uno virtusque probantur, 407 ; 
 Mutio Colonna, Fortia facere et pati 
 Homanum est, 406 ; Cosi vivo piacer 
 conduce a morte, 219, 395; Drake, 
 Auxilio divino, — sicparvis magna, 382 ; 
 Edward VI., Nascatur id alter, 332, 
 373; Elizabeth, Semper eadem, and 
 Video et taceo, 332 ; Elisca, Non vos 
 alabereis, 409 ; Francis I., Nutrisco et 
 extinguo, 375 ; Francis I. and II., Sic 
 spectanda fides, 303, 407 ; Leycester, 
 I)roit et loyal (2) ; Battista da Lodrone, 
 In utraque fortuna, 35 1 ; Cardinal of 
 Lorraine, Te stante, virebo, 319; Dukes 
 of Milan, Fste duces, 348 ; Lorenzo di 
 Medici, Semper, 404 ; the Pope, Sem- 
 per, 404 ; Saladin, Sestat ex victore 
 Orientis, 339 ; Sir P. Sidney, Sine 
 refluxu, 324 ; Mary Tudor, Veritas 
 temporis filia, p. 321, 332; S. Valier, 
 Qui me alit me extinguit, 302, 374. 
 
 Mottoes of Printers; — Bonhomme, Ed. 
 
 1552, Pi. 33, ek noNor o kaeos, p. 
 
 239; Ed. 1555, Pi. 34, EK IIONOT 
 KAEOS, p. 240 ; Bononice, Ed. 1574, 
 PI. 23, Libertas, p. 284; Giolito, Ed. 
 1556, PI. 61, De la mia morte eterna 
 vita vivo, and, Semper eadem, p. 374 n ; 
 Denys Ianot, Ed. 1539, PI. 30, Amor 
 Dei omnia vincit, and, Amor ut flos 
 trasiet, p. 238 ; Maire, Ed. 1640, PL 1, 
 Eac et spera, p. xi. ; Molin, Ed. 1560, 
 PI. 35, Liters; et arma parant (quorum 
 . dea Pallas) nonoremp. 240 ; Peacham 
 
 Ed. 16 1 2, PI. 9, Princeps tibi crescit 
 vtrvmque, p. xxi. ; Plantin, Ed. 1562, 
 PI. 7; 1564, PI. 24; 1565, PL 26; 
 158 1, PL 21 ; 1585, PL 27 ; Lahore et 
 constantia, p. 268 ; Wechel, Ed. 1534, 
 PL 6 ; Unicum arbustu non alit duos 
 erythacos, p. 244. 
 
 Mynoes, Mr. Thomas, Emb. 165, name 
 unidentified, — belongs to Gloucester- 
 shire and Hertfordshire, p. 366. 
 
 " Mythologia Ethica," Ed. 1579, PL 35, 
 p. 241,— see Ereitag. 
 
 Mythology, pagan, immoderate use of it 
 in Whitney's time, — instance, p. lxx. 
 
 NO. L. 293, fief tJCS JFoIj, Ixxiii. 
 . Paris, 1499. 
 Names and Arms of Knights made from 
 1485 to 1624, — a manuscript in the 
 British Museum, p. xxxviii, xl, 327, 
 32 8, 355. 
 
 Names, proper, variously spelled; Chat- 
 terton, 349; Cholmondeley, 355 ; Colley, 
 341 ; Dier, 359 ; Gryphith, 345 ; Hare- 
 browne, 389 ; Leycester (3), 314 ; Man- 
 waring, 357-358; Mynors, 366; Peyton, 
 335; Standley, 329; Stutvile, 336; 
 Tollemache, 382 ; Whitney, iv. PL 43a, 
 xli, xlii; Wilbraham, 380 ; Windham, 
 352 ; Withipole, 342 ; Woodhouse, 
 328, 9. 
 
 Namptwiche, to my countrimen of the, 
 Emb. 177, — neighbourhood of Whit- 
 ney's birth-place, xliv, — name used for 
 the district, 372 ; Begisterof the parish 
 from 1572, p. xlv. The Great Fire ; re- 
 storation of the town, 372 ; the Church, 
 PL 15 and 15a — lately restored, p. 373. 
 Fable of the Phoenix, 373, 374. 
 
 Napier, George W., esq., has a photograph 
 of Whitney, PL 4301, p. 401. 
 
 Naeeenschyff, — Ed. 1494, see Brant. 
 
 |M uesfolj Du fHoue, Ed. 1499, PL 28 
 and 29, see Marnef. 
 
 Nemo potest duobus dominis seruire, Emb. 
 223, — the illustration PL 5, p. 274 and 
 397- 
 
 Neville, Alexander, his Kettys, p. 40 m. 
 
 Newton, Thomas, Latin stanzas by him 
 on Robert Dudley, p. 317 ; sir William 
 Russell, 378 ; sir Francis Drake, 384. 
 
 Ninety English verses by Whitney, lvii. 
 
 Noeeis, Sir Iohst, Knight, Lord Presi- 
 dent of Munster, Emb. 194, p. 378. 
 Charact er and services ; noble character 
 of Henry Norris ; portrait at Knole of 
 sir John, 378; Fuller's testimony; 
 Spencer's lines, p. 379 ; some letters of, 
 where printed, 380. 
 
 IJosgag, S&TOt, by Is. Whitney, PL 1 1, 
 see Is. Whitney. 
 
426 
 
 General Index. 
 
 Notes, Litebaby and Biographical, 
 explanatory of some of Whitney's Em- 
 blems and of the persons to whom they 
 are dedicated, p. 313-400, — Addenda, 
 401-412. 
 
 Notices and Criticisms of Whitney, xxvii- 
 
 XXXV. 
 
 Noweld, the Rev, Dr. Alexandee, Bean 
 of St. Paul's, 1510-1601, Emb. 86 and 
 87, — origin of the first device, 338, 9 ; 
 Churton'a Life of Alexander Nowell ; 
 Walton's testimony and Fuller's, 339, 
 340 ; eleeted to parliament in 1553, but 
 cast out, 34o». Catechisms, 340, 1 ; 
 Sources of information, 341 J A por- 
 trait at Brazen-nose, 340m, an engrav- 
 ing in Holland's Heroologia, 341. 
 
 Nyenhuis, M. John T. Bodel, printer to 
 the university of Leyden,' 1829-1850; 
 a descendant from Bapheleng and Plan- 
 tin; his "Dissertatio Historico-Juridica, 
 De Juribus Typographorum et Bibli- 
 opolarum in Kegno Belgico," Leyden, 
 1819,— p. 271. 
 
 O Obsolete -woeds in Whitney, 
 . with parallels chiefly from Chau- 
 cer, Spenser, and Shakespeare, p. 253- 
 265. 
 
 Ocland's " Angloettm Peoelia" contains 
 Whitney's autograph, xl., Ed. 1582, 
 PL 43 a, dedicated to queen Elizabeth, 
 — her Arms, PL 43 b, — p. 401 ; ordered 
 to be read in grammar schools, 40 in; 
 EIPHNAPXIA, Ed. 1582, p. 401, n. 
 
 Original devices and emblems in Whitney, 
 twenty-three p. 235, 252. 
 
 Originality, — evidences of it in Whitney ; 
 lxviii-lxx, 233, 236. 
 
 Original stanzas for comparison with 
 Whitney, — photo-lithographed ; Alciat, 
 PL 6, Emb. 15 ; PL 18, Emb. 56; PL 
 20, Emb. 15; PI. 22, Emb. 127; PL 
 58, Emb. 200; Aneau, PL 33, Emb. 
 122 ; Beza, PL 41, Emb. 32 and PL 59, 
 Emb. 213; Brant, PL 5, Emb. 223; 
 PL 29, Emb. 176 ; Corrozet, PL 32, 
 Emb. 219; Costalius, PL 34, Emb. 131 ; 
 Coustau, PL 35, Emb. 230 ; Faerni, 
 PL 27, Emb. 98 ; Freitag, PL 39, Emb. 
 177 ; PL 40, Emb. 159 ; Oiovio and 
 Symeoni, PL 37, Emb. 183; Junius, 
 PL 26 a, Emb. 222 ; PL 26 b, Emb. 1 ; 
 PL 26 c, Emb. 4; PL 26 d, Emb. 3; 
 Paradin's Her. Devises, PL 56, Emb. 
 139; PL 57, Emb. 183 ; Perriere, PL 
 30, Emb. 108; Reusner, PL 43, Emb. 
 144; Sambucus, PL 25, Emb. 15; 
 Symeoni, PL 63, Emb. 183. 
 
 Original stanzas for comparison with 
 Whitney, — in the letter-press ; Alciat, 
 
 Emb. 56, p. 331 ; Emb. 120, p. 409; 
 Emb. 138, p. 278 ; Emb. 159, p. 410 ; 
 Aneau, Emb. 141, p. 288 ; Beza, Emb. 
 165, p. 287 ; Coustau, Emb. 186, p. 
 285 ; Faerni, Emb. 157, p. 288 ; Giovio 
 and Symeoni, Emb. 98, and 168 b, p. 
 277 ; Emb. 121, p. 407 ; Junius, Emb. 
 96, p. 282 and 343; Paradin, Emb. 1, 
 p. 319; Emb. 88, p. 280; Perriere, 
 Emb. 205, p. 283; Eeusner, Emb. 48, 
 p. 292 ; Sambucus, Emb. 100, p. 290, 
 and 344 ; Emb. 43, p. 327 j Emb. 206, 
 p. 289, 
 
 " Oliosi semper egentes" Emb. 175, — 
 from Paradin PL 31, — stanzas amplified 
 by Whitney, p. 371. 
 
 Ovid's description of Chaos imitated, 
 Emb. 122, p. lxi. 
 
 PO. L., 280, Alciat's Emb. (xii.), 
 . AntverpicB, 15 81. 
 O. L., 283, of uncertain origin. 
 Palmer, Chas. John, Esqr., — editor of 
 Manship's History of GH. Yarmouth, 
 p. li., 403 ; " Domestic Aeohitectuee 
 in England," Elizabeth's reign, p. li. ; 
 inscription in his house, p. lii. 
 Paradin's "Devises Heeoiqves," Ed. 
 1562, PL 7, autograph of Whitney, 246, 
 280; Editions 15.51, 1557, &c, p. 247 ; 
 translations, Latin and English, PL 56, 
 247, and xviii. ; Whitney has thirty-two 
 identical wood cuts, 247, 8 ; Devices 
 known to Shakespeare, wreath of chi- 
 valry, PL 7, p. 300 ; testing gold, PL 
 56, p. 303 ; inverted torch, PI. 57, 
 p. 302, 374. Chiefly compiled from 
 Symeoni, p. 304, 411; Specimen, p. 
 280/ 
 
 Paradin, Claude, — notice of, 280 ; his 
 
 brother William 1510-1590, p. 280; 
 
 the explanations generally in prose, 280. 
 Paealxels to Whitney ; obsolete words 
 
 from Chaucer, Spenser, and Shakespeare, 
 
 Essay II., p. 253-265. 
 Paeadisits Poeticus, p. 243 ; see Poly- 
 
 anthia. 
 
 Parmigiano, assisted in the devices of 
 Bocchius, 284. 
 
 Pass, Crispin de, copper plates for With- 
 ers, xxi. 
 
 Passages from the emblem writers followed 
 by Whitney not given, though two hun- 
 dred and twenty collected, 313. 
 
 Paston, Edwaed, Esquier, Emb. 134 and 
 198, xxxiii., 360 ; of a Norfolk family ; 
 — the Paston letters, — theirauthenticity 
 established, 360 ; eminent men of the 
 family, 361. 
 
 Pattenson, Matthew, Emb. 168,— 
 doubtful who he was, p. 368. 
 
General Index. 
 
 427 
 
 Paul, St., at Malta, Emb. 166 b, p. 408. 
 
 Payton John, Esquier, Emb. 66 ;— Pay ton 
 and Peyton interchangeable names ; 
 Peytons of Cambridgeshire and of 
 Norfolk, 335, 6. 
 
 Peacham's Mineeya Beitanna, Ed. 1 6 1 2, 
 xxi. ; its second title, PL 9 ; device, 
 Death and Cupid, PI. 10, from Whitney, 
 Emb. 132 j testimony to Whitney, p. 
 
 XXX. 
 
 Pears' Coeeesfondence oe Sie Philip 
 Sidney and Httbbbt Langtjet, p. 324, 
 3 2 7- 
 
 Pegma, — Ed. 1555, PI. 34, — p. 240, see 
 Coustau. 
 
 Pegme, Ed. 1560, PI. 35, — p. 240, see 
 Coustau and Lanteaume. 
 
 Per cwcum videt omnia punctum, device 
 p. viii a and 400. 
 
 Pericles of Shakespeare, — its emblem re- 
 ferences, p. 296-304; 1st and 6th knight, 
 no corresponding emblem found, p. 298 ; 
 2nd knignt, similar emblem, PI. 32, p. 
 299, 300 ; 3rd knight, wreath of chi- 
 valry, — from Paradin, PI. 7, or his 
 translator, PI. 57, p. 300 ; 4th knight, 
 a burning torch inverted, from "Tetras- 
 tichi Morali," p. 301, — or DanielFs 
 Jovius, p. 301, 2 ; or Whitney, Emb. 
 183, P- 3°3 5 or Symeoni, PI. 63, p. 311, 
 375 > 5th knight, — gold tested, — from 
 Paradin, or his translator, PI. 56 ; or 
 Whitney, Emb. 139, p. 303, 4. 
 
 Perriere's " Theatee des bons Engins," 
 &c, Ed. 1539, Title, PI. 30, p. 238 ; 
 rendered into English p. xvii; Aline 
 devices closely followed by Whitney, 
 four have similarity, p. 238 ; as, the 
 two-headed Janus, Emb. 108, PI. 30, 
 and Diligence drawn by ants, Emb. 175, 
 PL 31, p. 671. 
 
 Perriere, William de la, of Toulouse, brief 
 notice of himself and work, p. 283. 
 
 Philieul, Vasquin, his translation of 
 Griovio's Dialogo, p. 411. 
 
 " Phiiosophia Imaginum," &c, by Me- 
 nestrerius, 354. 
 
 Phoenix, Emb. 177, illustrated from Frei- 
 tag, PL 39, and from Griolito, PL 61 ; 
 the accounts respecting it, 372 ; device 
 of Edward VI., of Madame Elenor of 
 Austria, of " My Lady Bona of Savoy," 
 373; typical meaning ; the lay of the 
 Phoenix, 374. 
 
 "PiaDesideeia" &c., Ed. 1628, by Hugo 
 Hermann, xxii. 
 
 "Picta Poesis," Ed. 1552, PL 33, p. 
 239 ; see Aneau. 
 
 Pictorial illustration in the 16th century, 
 xvi. 
 
 Pietas in patriam, Emb. m, — corre- 
 
 sponds with Giovio's "fortia facere et 
 pati Romanum est," p. 406, 7. 
 
 Pine tree and gourd, Emb. 14, fine ex- 
 ample of Whitney's writing, lxxi, lxxii, 
 
 " Piii per dulcura que per fuerga," in 
 Shakespeare, p. 297 ; similar proverbs, 
 299, — as Corrozet's " Plus par doul- 
 ceur que par force" PL 32, p. 299. 
 
 Plantin, Christopher, the famous printer. 
 266 ; 1514-1589, Portrait, PL 44; — 
 biographical notice, 268, 9 ; published 
 many emblem books, liv and 236 ; his 
 correctors of the press, men of rare 
 merit, p. 367 ; chief printer to Philip 
 of Spain ; numerous publications ; de 
 Thou's account of his workshops, 261; 
 his printing offices assigned to his 
 daughters ; descendants ; his typogra- 
 phic ensign : mansion at Antwep, 269 ; 
 sources for information, 269 ; see also 
 " Annales de l'lmprimerie Plantinienne, 
 Ed. 1865, p. 268 n. 
 
 Politiano, Angelo, 1454-1494, Emb. 164; 
 notice of, 365 ; excellence of his Latin 
 poetry and works, 366. 
 
 Poixanthia, sive Paradisus poeticus, Ed. 
 1579, p. 243, 291 ; see Beusner. 
 
 Polyglot Bible, 1569-157 3, great work 
 from Plantin's press, p. 268 and 270, 
 
 Pompey,— the Great, 407. 
 
 Portraits in the reprint of Whitney, — 
 sources of, p. 271, 2 ; Alciat, PL 49, p. 
 277; Beza, PL 51, p. 285; Bocchius, 
 PI. 52, p. 283; Brant, PL 47, p. 274; 
 Dousa, PL 55, p. 355 ; Giovio, PL 48, 
 p. 275 ; Junius, PL 50, p. 282 ; Plantin, 
 PL 44, p. 266; Beusner, PL 54, p. 291 ; 
 Sambucu3, PL 53, p. 289. 
 
 Portraits, other, where to be found; Bo- 
 naventura, p. 318; Drake, p. 385; 
 James I. p. xvii; Leycester, p. 317; 
 Norris, p. 378; Nowell, p. 340 n, 341 ; 
 Bapheleng, p. 269 ; sir P. Sidney, 326 ; 
 Warwick, p. 348. 
 
 POSTSCEIPT TO INTEOD. DlSSEBTATION, 
 
 from materials supplied by Mr. Henry 
 
 Austin Whitney, of Boston, Mass., 
 
 U.S.A., lxxxi-lxxxviii. 
 Pro bono malum, Emb. 153 a, — motto of 
 
 Lodouico Arislo, p. 408. 
 Proper a tarde, Hasten slowly, 407. 
 Preacher, a high title in Whitney's days, 
 
 p. 394- . . 
 
 Prospero Eon tana, — artist, — devices of 
 
 Bocchius, p. 284, 
 Protestant's Vade Mecum, very rare, 
 
 1686, p. xxii. 
 Proverbial Expressions iu Whitney, p. 
 
 lxxx. 
 
 Puritanism, traces of, in Whitney, xxix. 
 
4^8 
 
 General Index. 
 
 0 0. L. p. 401, from Linacre's Galen 
 . f. 50, Paris 1538. 
 Quarles' Emblems, Ed. 1635, p. xxi. 
 Qui me alit me extinguit, — motto in other 
 writers, — Qttod me alit &e. in Daniell 
 and Shakespeare, 302, 301, 311 n. 
 
 RO. L. xxvi, of uncertain origin. 
 O. L. $ef tits JFoIj, xlix, Paris 
 
 1499. 
 
 " Eagionamento" &c. ; see G-iovio. 
 
 Eagionamento &c. ; see Domenichi. 
 
 Eapheleng, Ebancis, the very learned, 
 1539-1597, Emb. 189, — the stanzas 
 illustrated from Schiller, p. 376 ; bio- 
 graphical notice, 269-27 1 ; taught 
 Greek at Cambridge, — his services in 
 printing the Polyglot Bible,— taught 
 Hebrew at Leyden, 270 ; other sources 
 of information ; descendants from him, 
 271. 
 
 Eapheleng, or Bavelinghien, Christopher, 
 printer at Leyden, — his autograph and 
 descendants, 27 1. 
 
 Earity of Whitney's Emblems, especially 
 in Holland and Belgium, xxxi ; the 
 opinion of Samuel Egerton Brydges, 
 xxxii. 
 
 Eats triumphant, — a device from Junius, 
 
 PL 26 a, Emb. 222, 251, 397. 
 Eawlins, Mr. Treacher, Emb. 222 ; 
 
 whether of Erancfort, or Chester, 395 ; 
 
 rector of Atleborough ; eulogy, 396. 
 Beader, address to, by Whitney [14-16], 
 
 lx. 
 
 Eedfern, Eev. Eobert, vicar of Acton, 
 obligation to him, xliii n. 
 
 Eegisters, — Acton xliv, Nantwich xlv. 
 
 Betrospective Eeview, — opinion of Whit- 
 ney, p. xxxii, xxxiii. 
 
 Eeusner's "Emblemata" &c, Ed. 158 1, 
 Title, PI. 42, p. 242 ; engravings by 
 Virgil Solis and Jost Ammon, — curious 
 dedications, p. 242 ; remarkable orna- 
 ment at the end, p. 243 ; device PL 43, 
 Emb. 144, p. 365 ; Whitney has thirteen 
 similar devices, 423. 
 
 Eeusner's " Polyanthia, sive Paradisus 
 poeticus, Ed. 1579^.243,291 ; several 
 times quoted by Whitney, p. 243. 
 
 Eeusner, Nicolas, 1545-1602, Portrait PL 
 54, p. 291 ; Life and works, 291 ; pas- 
 sage from his emblems, p. 292, Emb. 48. 
 
 Eobsart, Amy, died 1560, p. 315 ; cor- 
 respondent of Elowerdewe, p. 353; 
 Eobsart, sir John, godfather to sir 
 Henry Woodhouse, 1546, p. 329. 
 
 Eolls of Great Yarmouth, entry in by 
 Whitney, PL 1 2 and 1 3, p. hi, liii n, lv, 
 Addenda, — the Latin original, 402; and 
 translation, 403. 
 
 EOT AMONG THE BlSHOPS &C, Ed. 1641, 
 p. xxii ; see Stirry. 
 
 Eoville, Guillaume, printer of Lyons ; 
 Alciat's Diverse Imprese, Ed. 1551, PL 
 17, p. 244; Alciat's Emblemata, Ed. 
 1551, PL 19, p. 245; Giovio and Sy- 
 meoni's Sent. Imprese, Ed. 1562, PL 
 36, p. 240, 276, 31 1 ; Symeon's Devises, 
 Ed. 1561, PL 62, p. 373, 407, 410; 
 these the sources of Paradin and of 
 many of Whitney's devices, 304, 411. 
 
 Euscelli's Discoeso &c, — appended to 
 Giovio's Eagionamento, Ed. 1556, PL 
 61, p. 324?* and 31 1; Impresi illustri 
 &c, Ed. 1584, p. 235, Ed. 1566, p. 
 324; Whitney has little in common, 
 409. 
 
 Euscelli, Girolamo, a writer on devices 
 known to sir P. Sidney, 324. 
 
 Eussell, Sir William, Knight, Emb. 
 193, p. xxxiii., 377 ; ancestor of the 
 present duke of Bedford, — baron Eussell 
 of Thornhaugh ; biographical notice of 
 him ; his portrait: where ; grandfather 
 of lord William Eussell, 377 ; Thomas 
 Newton's Latin lines in his praise, 378. 
 
 SO. L. 276, Sambucus, Emb., p. 232, 
 , Antverpice 1564. 
 O. L. 289, Giovio's Sent. Imp., p. 3, 
 
 Lyons 1562. 
 Sabine, George, a Latin Poet, 1508-1560, 
 
 Emb. 119, p. 349. 
 Saceoevm Emblematvm Centveia vna, 
 
 &c, p. xix, — see Willet. 
 Salmon, Mr. G-eoege, Emb. 97, p. 343 ; 
 a Cheshire name of curious origin, — 
 notices of the family, p. 343 ; Eector of 
 Baddiley, 344; Escape from Eome, 344. 
 Sambuci Emblemata, &c, Ed. 1564, 
 Title PL 24, — most elegant book, p. 
 248 ; wood cuts by de Jode, Croissant, 
 Londerzeel, and Goltzius, 248 ; Device 
 from, Action's fate, PL 25, Emb. 15, 
 p. 321 ; the source to Whitney of forty- 
 eight identical devices, 249. Various 
 editions and translations, 248. Extract 
 Emb. 206, p. 289. 
 Sambuci Emblemata, &c, Ed. 1599, p. 
 249. 
 
 Sambucus, J ohn, a Hungarian, 1531-1583. 
 Portrait PL 53, p. 289; notice of his 
 life and works, and character of his 
 emblems, 289. 
 
 Scffivola Mutius, p. 407. 
 
 Scratby land, or Island, thrown up by the 
 sea, lii., destroyed, liii. ; re-appeared, 
 liii. n ; Visit to described by Whitney 
 in Latin, hi., liii., PL 12 and 13, p. lv. ; 
 the Latin text, p. 402, the English 
 translation, 403. 
 
General Index. 
 
 Scribit in marmore Icbsus, Emb. 1 8 3 b, from 
 Sententiose Imprese, Ed. 1561, PI. 37, 
 p. 308 and 375 ; alluded to by Shake- 
 speare, who probably saw it in Whitney, 
 p. 309 ; origin of the sentiment, 309 ; 
 a nobler thought, 310. Whitney's 
 device identical with Paradin's ; — for 
 comment consult Symeoni, p. 375. 
 
 Semper eadem, one of Elizabeth's mottoes, 
 p. 332 ; used by the printer Giolito, p. 
 374. Lorenzo the Magnificent, 404, — 
 the Popes, 404. 
 
 Semper prcesto esse infortunia, the dames 
 gambling, Emb. 176, — the device adopt- 
 ed from Brant, PL 29, p. 238 and 371. 
 
 " Sententiose Impeese," &c, Ed. 1562, 
 PL 36, p, 240,— see Griovio and Symeoni. 
 
 Shakespeaee'sRefeeence3 to Emblem- 
 books, and to Whitney's emblems in 
 particular, Essay IV., p. 293-312. His 
 excellent judgment of art, 293 ; Eng- 
 lish emblematists open to him, 293. 
 Emblems in the Merchant of Venice, 
 from Corrozet, PL 32. Symeoni, Para- 
 din, or Whitney, Emb. 219; p. 294- 
 296 ; Emblems in the Pericles, 296- 
 298, — see Pericles. Various Emblems, 
 304-110, — see Bear and ragged staff, — 
 the beehive ; dog barking at the moon, 
 and scribit in marmore Icesus. 
 
 " Shepheaed's Caeendee ;" see Spenser. 
 
 Shields with Emblems, — of Achilles, Her- 
 cules and JEneas, p. xi. 
 
 £f)gp of Joins of the W&Laxlaz, 1509 ; see 
 
 Barclay. 
 
 Sic spectanda fides, Emb. 139, PL 56; 
 see Pericles ; remarkable history of, 
 .3 6 4- 
 
 Si Deus nobiscum &c, Emb. 166 b, a 
 motto of Charles VIII., 408. 
 
 Sidney, sir Henry, father of sir Philip, 
 323, lord president of the marches of 
 Wales, 324. 
 
 Sidney, sir Philip, JcnigM &c, 1554- 
 1586, Emb. 38 and 109 ; Spenser's lines 
 to, p. 323 ; acquaintance with emblem 
 art, 311, 324*1; sketch of his life, 323- 
 
 325 ; Fuller's eulogy, 325 ; Whitney's, 
 
 326 ; profound grief for his death, 326 ; 
 his portraits, and memoirs &c. to be 
 consulted, 326 ; Speed's record, 326 n. 
 
 Silence, lines on, Emb. 60, p. lxxi. 
 
 Similar devices in Whitney to those in 
 other authors, p. 236 and 237-243, — 
 the number about 103, p. 243. 
 
 Sinful anger, to avoid, stanzas, Emb. 216, 
 p. lxix. 
 
 Sir, a title applied to clergymen, 395. 
 Soli deo honor et gloria in ceua sempiterna, 
 
 PL 13, probably written by Whitney, 
 
 4°3- 
 
 Sources of Whitney's emblems ; many 
 from Plantin's editions, 1 and liv ; Dib- 
 din's conjecture and J. B. Yates', xxxiv, 
 xxxv ; researches, xxxv n ; of similar 
 devices, 237-243 ; of identical, 244- 
 252. 
 
 Sources remoter of Whitney's emblems, 
 406-410. 
 
 Spanish emblem books ; original, — Coua- 
 ruvia's " Emblemas Morales," Segovia 
 1589, p. 252 n ; Guzman's "Triumphas 
 Morales," Medina 1587, p. 252*2, 299; 
 De Soto's "Emblemas Moralezadas," 
 Madrid 1599, p. 252 m; Don Orozco, 
 1610, p. 299; translations, Boville's 
 "Los Emblemas da Alciate" &c, 1549, 
 p. 252 and 299 ; Symeoni, p. 277. 
 
 Specimens from emblem writers for com- 
 parison with Whitney : see original 
 stanzas. 
 
 Spenser, Edmund, — emblems in the Shep- 
 heard's Calender, and in Visions of 
 Bellay, xvi, xvii and lxvi ; not equal to 
 Whitney in translating, lxiv ; corre- 
 sponding expressions, lxv ; Description 
 of Envy, Emb. 94, p. lxvii; Lines on 
 Sidney, 323 and Norris 379. 
 
 Spiegel dee Sassen, Ed. 1472 ; see Leeu . 
 
 Standley, sir William, knight, died 1630 ; 
 Emb. 47 and 195 ; Family and branches, 
 329 ; Services and defection, 330 ; Al- 
 len's defence of, Heywood's edition, 
 330 ; Dame Elizabeth Egerton his 
 wife, — inscription on the tomb, 331. 
 
 Stanzas on Whitney, p. xxvii-xxxi. 
 
 Staekey, Aethvee, JSsquier, Emb. 205 ; 
 a Cheshire family, 387 ; alliances, 387. 
 
 Steevenson, Mr. Preacher, Emb. 222, 
 unidentified, — the device from Junius, 
 PL 26 a, p. 397. 
 
 Stephens Henry and Robert, celebrated 
 printers, 266. 
 
 Stirling Wm., Esqr., — his fragment of 
 Perriere, xvii. ; Combe unknown, xix. ; 
 copy of Faerni, 25 1 • copy of Daniell's 
 Jovius, Title PL 60, p. 300 and 311 ; 
 also copies of Giovio, Ruscelli, Do- 
 menichi, and Symeon, PL 60, 61, and 
 62, p. 311. 
 
 Stirry's Satire against Laud, Ed. 1641, p. 
 xxii. 
 
 Stulttfera $auts, Ed. 1497, PL 4, — see 
 Brant and Locher. 
 
 " Stultitia sua seipsum saginari," Emb. 
 98, from Faerni, PL 27, p. 344. 
 
 Stvtvile, Tho., JEsquier, Emb. 68 ; be- 
 longed to a Suffolk family, p. 336. 
 
 Subjects and Soueces oe the Mottoes 
 and Devices in Whitney, Essay I., 
 P- 233-252. 
 
 Surrey, earl of, xvi. 
 
430 
 
 General Index. 
 
 Swan, — the symbol of old age loving . 
 
 music, PI. 2, p. xii. ; tile Poet's badge, 
 
 Emb. 126, — illustrations from Greek 
 
 and Roman literature, 354. 
 Swinden's History of Gt. Yarmouth, p. Iv. 
 Svmboltca Heboica, &c, — translation 
 
 from Paradin, p. 247. 
 Svmbolicaevm, &c, PI. 23, p. 284, — see 
 
 Bocchius. 
 
 SXMBOIA DlTJINA ET HUMANA Pontifi- 
 
 cvm, Imperatorvm, Regvm, &c, Ed. 
 
 1652, pp. 303, 320 n, 339. 
 Symeoni's Devices and Emblems in 
 
 Italian, French, and Spanish, p. 277. 
 
 "Devises ov Emblemes Heboiqves 
 
 et MoeaiiES, &c, Ed. 1561, Title PI. 
 
 62, p. 311, 407, 410 ; Ed. 1559, p. 
 
 240, 1. Dialogve des Devises D' 
 
 Aemes, &c, a Lyon 1561, p. 411. 
 Symeoni, Gabriel, 1509-1579, an Italian 
 
 historian, &c, 276 ; remarks on his 
 
 writings, 277. 
 "Syntagma de Symbolis," by Mignault, 
 
 p. x, — see Mignault. 
 
 TO. L. 266, Wcs lies JFolj, vii, Paris 
 • I4 99- 
 
 Tablet of Cebes, an emblematical work, 
 p. xi., — see Cebes. 
 
 To rpla ravra, the three, these; Faith, 
 Hope, and Charity symbolized, lxxiv. ; 
 also symbolized by Lorenzo the Mag- 
 nificent, p. 404. 
 
 Tempus omnia terminat, Emb. 230, — the 
 device contrasted with Coustau, — PI. 
 35, p. 400. 
 
 " Te stante virebo," Emb. 1, p. 319-321 ; 
 from Junius, PI. 26 b, 319 ; Paradin's 
 origin of the device and stanzas, 319, 
 320 ; application, 320 n. 
 
 Testing Gold, Emb. p. 1 39 ; history of 
 the emblem, PI. 56, p. 303 and 364: 
 applied in Pericles, 303, 304, 364, 407. 
 
 Teteastichi Moeali, PI. 36 and 37, p. 
 240, — see Giovi and Symeoni. 
 
 Theatee des bons Engins, Ed. 1539, — 
 PI. 30, p. 238, — see Perriere. 
 
 Thompson, Henry Yates, Esqr., — obliga- 
 tion to him, xiv., xv. ; MS. English 
 Alciat, p. xvi. ; has many emblem books 
 not used by Whitney, p. 235. 
 
 Titian's designs for Faerni's Tables, p. 25 1 . 
 
 Title-page of Eeprint, &c, of Whitney, 
 read dedication-page, xl. ; " Choice of 
 Emblemes," p. (1), Pt. II., p. 105. 
 Essays, &c, p. 231. 
 
 Title-pages of works given in the Illustra- 
 tive Plates, — see Index to the Illus- 
 teative Plates, 413. 
 
 Tollemache Lionel, lord Huntingtour and 
 earl of Dysart, about 1680, marries one 
 
 of the coheiresses of the Wilbrahams of 
 Woodhey, p. 356 ; variations in spelling 
 the name, 382, — notice of the family, 
 
 382. 
 
 Torch, burning and inverted, Emb. 183 ; 
 derived by Whitney, through Paradin, 
 from Symeoni, Ed. 1561, PI. 63, p. 374 ; 
 in the English translation of Paradin, 
 Ed. 1591, the torch not inverted, PI. 
 57) P- 3° 2 ) 374 ; the motto altered by 
 Daniell, from Qui to Quod, 311 n; 
 Shakespeare's use of this device and 
 motto, p. 301-303. Account of the 
 invention of the device, 374 ; Paradin's 
 omission, 375. 
 
 Touchstone, — remarkable device, p. 364 ; 
 taken by F. Colonna, 407 ; Paradin's 
 remark, 408. 
 
 Translations by Whitney, — happy ones, 
 lxi., lxiii., lxiv. ; of Dousa's Verses to 
 Leicester, lvii. 
 
 Translations by the editor, from Alciat, 
 P- 3°5> 3°7» 4°6 ; Aneau, 287, 322 j 
 Beza, 307 ; Brant, 274; Colvius, xxix.; 
 Corrozet, 281, 299 ; Coustau, 285, 400; 
 Dousa, xxviii ; Limbert, xxx ; Symeoni, 
 308 ; Vulcanius, xxviii. ; Whitney, 403. 
 
 Truth unconquered, fine device, Emb. 166, 
 p. lxix., 336, 7. 
 
 Turkey company incorporated in 158 1, p. 
 39°- 
 
 ^arggsgpraerft tier crcaturen, Ed. 158 1,— 
 
 see Leeu. 
 
 Typography of the 16th century, three 
 celebrated names, p. 206. 
 
 U Unascertained, or doubtful persons 
 1 in the Emblems ; Alcock, Emb. 
 100, p. 345 ; John and James Browne, 
 Emb. 212, p. 391 ; Bull, Emb. 185, p. 
 375; Burgoines, Emb. 72, p. 338; 
 Corbet, Emb. 137, p. 362; Gryphith, 
 Emb. 101, p. 345 ; Hobart, Emb. 67, 
 p. 336 ; Ionson, Emb. 227, p. 399 ; 
 Mynors, Emb. 165, p. 366 ; Pattenson, 
 Emb. 168, p. 368 ; Payton, Emb. 66, 
 p. 335 ; Stutvile, Emb. 68, p. 336 ; 
 Wheteley, Emb. 208, p. 391. 
 
 V Valerian's " Hieeoglyphica," &c, 
 • Ed. 1556, p. xxi. and 235 n. 
 Variations in the spelling of names, — see 
 
 Names proper, &c. 
 Veritas temporis filia, Emb. 4, a variation 
 from Junius, PL 26 c, p. 321 ; Mary 
 Tudor's badge, p. 321. 
 Verses congratulatory to Whitney, p. 
 (17-19) — translations of p. xxvii.-xxx., 
 p. 318. 
 
 Vespasian's device and motto, p. 407. 
 Vigilance and guardianship, symbols of, — 
 
General Index. 
 
 43 1 
 
 the cock and lion, Emb. 120, — the 
 watchdog, 349 and 349 n. 
 Vigilantia et custodia, Emb. 120, or Non 
 dorm.it qui custodit, in Domenichi, p. 
 409. 
 
 Virgil Solis, — an engraver for Eeusner, p. 
 242. 
 
 Virginian Lotteries, 1567 and 1614, p. 
 3.3 2 , 333- 
 
 Visions of Bellay, — Spenser's, p. xvii ; see 
 Bellay. 
 
 Visit to Scratby Island, Account of by 
 Whitney, p. lii, liii; fac-simile, PI. 12 
 and 13, p. Iv, 402 ; discrepancy, forty- 
 five names in Manship, only forty-three 
 in the original roll, — how accounted 
 for, 403. 
 
 VOLTTCEIBUS, DE, SITE DE TEIBUS CoiTJM- 
 
 bis, emblem book of the 13th century, 
 
 p. xxxii?* ; see Eoliato. 
 Voluptas wrumnosa, Emb. 15, Actseon's 
 
 fate. PI. 6, 20 and 25. p. 321, 322. 
 Vulcanius, Bonaventura, of Bruges, 1538— 
 
 1614; Stanzas to Whitney [17] and 
 
 xxviii ; brief notice of him and his 
 
 works, xxviii n and 318. 
 
 WO. L. 233, the V doubled from 
 . TSti fits Sal% f. xiii, Paris 1499. 
 Warburton, Mary, 381 ; Galfridus, 387. 
 Wabwicke, Ambeose, eable of : see 
 
 Dudley, Ambrose. 
 Weehel's Alciat, Ed. 1534, Title PI. 6, 
 p. 244. 
 
 Whetelet, Mr. Thomas, Emb. 208, p. 
 391 ; probably of Norwich, 391 ; Col. 
 Roger Whitley, p. 391 n. 
 
 Whitney, — arms, or shield, p. xxxix ; au- 
 tographs, p. vi, PI. 7 and 43 a, p. xliv, 
 246, xl and 401; crest, p. xxxviii, xl ; 
 motto, Emb. 129, PI. 7, p. lxviii, PI. 
 43 a, p. 401 ; birth-place, PI. 11 a, 368, 
 402 ; last will lxxxi ; genealogies &c. 
 lxxxiii &c. 
 
 Whitney's Choice oe Ehblemes" as a 
 book ; except Barclay's, p. xii, the first 
 complete emblem-book in English, p. 
 xviii and xxvi ; gradual growth, 1568- 
 1585, xlix and 1 ; perfect copies rarely 
 found, xxxi ; rarity of the book, xxxi re ; 
 presented to Leycester, lvi ; no other 
 edition, lvi; what it professes to be, 
 lxviii ; in two parts, Pt. I, p. [1-20] 
 andi-104; Pt, II. p. 105-230. A re- 
 presentative book with a significant 
 title, 234. The mottoes and woodcuts 
 traced to their origin, pp. 237-243 and 
 244-252 ; a remoter origin may be as- 
 signed, 406-41 1 n ; some from Italian 
 artists, 41 1 n ; the borders from Junius, 
 250, 321 ; known to Shakespeare, p. 
 
 293-312 ; correspondences and resem- 
 blances very numerous, — identity con- 
 fined to Plantinian emblem-writers, p. 
 406-410. 
 
 Whitney's Entry on the Polls of Great 
 Yarmouth, PI. 12 and 13, p. lv and 402- 
 404. 
 
 Whitney's other works ; " Fables or Epi- 
 grams," no copy known lvi, — conjecture 
 lvii. "Ninety English Verses," lvii. 
 " Translation from Dousa's Odm Bri- 
 tannicce, lvii ; and possibly " Avbeiia," 
 p. lviii. 
 
 Whitney's originals, — 1st the direct, Al- 
 ciat, p. 244-246 ; Eaerni, p. 251 ; Ju- 
 nius, p. 249-251 ; Paradin, p. 246-248 ; 
 and Sambucus, p. 248, 249 ; 2nd the 
 indirect, Aneau, p. 239; Beza, p. 242 ; 
 Brant, p. 237, 8 ; Corrozet, p. 238; 
 Coustau, p. 240 ; Ereitag, 241; G-iovio 
 and Symeoni, p. 240, 1, 410 ; Hora- 
 pollo, p. 239; Perriere, p. 238; Reus- 
 ner, p. 243, 4; and Symeoni, p. 411; 
 3rd, the more remote, Domenichi, Gio- 
 vio, Ruscelli and Symeoni, 406-410. 
 
 Whitney's writings, — some estimate of 
 their worth, lix.-lxxiv. ; instances of 
 power lxi., exactness lxii., and beauty 
 lxiii. ; happy translations, superiority 
 to Spenser in these, Ixiv. ; the descrip- 
 tion of Envy, Emb. 94, compared with 
 Spenser's, lxvii. ; Deficiency of ori- 
 ginality, lxviii., 289 ; instances of in- 
 ventive power, lxviii.-lxx. ; simple, 
 clear, and pure, lxx.-lxxii. ; Critical 
 notices, xxxii.-xxxv. 
 
 Whitney, Geoffrey, — events of his life ; 
 born about 1548, p. xlviii., at Coole 
 Pilate, PI. 1 1 a, p. xlii., xliii, 402, in 
 Acton Parish, PI. 13 a, p. xli., 368; 
 his mother probably a Cartwright, 
 xliii. n. At Audlem school, Emb, 172, 
 xliii., — his probable schoolfellows, the 
 church, and monuments, 369,370. Com- 
 bermere in the neighbourhood, Emb. 
 200, PI. 14, p. xliii., xliv., 335, 382 ; 
 and Woodhey, xliv. ; Members of his 
 family in 1573, xlv, Ixxxii, &c. — 1586, 
 xlviii.; verses to him from his sister 
 Isabella, and to his brothers and sisters, 
 xlv,xlvi, xlvii. He goes to Oxford and 
 Cambridge, — Limbert his tutor, xlviii. 
 In 1573 resides in London, and is a 
 lawyer there, xlv. and xlviii. Time of 
 composition of some of his Emblems 
 1568-1585, xlix. and 1. Under-bailiff, 
 or recorder of Gt. Yarmouth, 1. and li, 
 402 ; how acquainted with Leycester, 
 li. and 317. Pic-nic to Scratby Island 
 1580, PI. 12 and 13, lii, lv., 329, 361, 
 402 ; intercourse with Holland and 
 CC 
 
43 2 
 
 General Index. 
 
 Leyden, and friends there, liii - in 1585 
 in London, in 1586 in Holland, viii, liv; 
 probably living in 1612, PI. 10, p. liv; 
 inacccuracy of this supposition, lxxxi, 
 Ixxxii. His works, lv.-lviii ; they ma- 
 nifest great acquaintance with classic and 
 other authors, xlix, Ixx; — the transla- 
 tions often amplify, or paraphrase, and 
 improve the original authors, lxii., 286, 
 288,289, 37 1 j some acquaintance, pro- 
 bably, with Giovio, Domenichi, &c, 
 406-409; his fame rests on having well 
 executed his work, not on its origin- 
 ality, 251. His will, September nth 
 1660, and death, before May 28th 1601, 
 p. lxxxiii; — copy of his will, Doc. 
 I., P.S., p. lxxxiii; his residence in 
 1600 at "Ryles Greene," co. Chester, 
 Doc. I., P.S., lxxxiii; bequests to loan 
 Mills, " my Ladie Nedeham," &c, P.S., 
 p. lxxxiii. 
 
 Whitney, Henry Austin, esq., Boston, 
 Mass., U.S.A., — documents furnished 
 by him, p. vii, viii, lxxxi-lxxxviii. 
 
 Whitney, Isabella, Geffrey's sister, p. xlv.; 
 Her stoeet Ncsgag f and dedication to 
 George Mainwaring, in 1573, PI. n, 
 lviii., 364 ; quotations from, p. xlv.- 
 xlviii., being poetical letters to her 
 brother, sisters, and friends. Another 
 work, " a letter written in meter, hy a 
 young Gentilwoman," &c, with " a Love 
 letter sent by a Bacheler (a most faith- 
 full Lover)," &c, lix.; Commendatory 
 verses, lix. 
 
 Whitney, John, of Islip, Oxon, emigrates 
 to New England 1635, lxxxi; his de- 
 scendants at Watertown, lxxxi, Ixxxii; 
 Pedigree in Doc. II., 16th P.S., p. 
 lxxxvi; also from Doc. III., PI. at 
 p. lxxxv. 
 
 Whitney s of Herefordshire,xxxvi.-xxxix. ; 
 name and place of residence, xxxvi.; 
 Turstin the Fleming, the common an- 
 cestor, P.S. lxxxi n; knights xxxvii, 
 sheriffs xxxviii, justices xxxix; others 
 of the name, — family in the time of 
 James I. and Charles I., xxxix and 
 xxxix n ; Pedigree, Doc. II., P.S., PI. 
 at p. lxxiv ; Epitaph to Constance 
 Whitney, Doc. II., 1st, P.S., lxxxvii. 
 
 Whitneys of Cheshire, xxxix.-xlviii. ; 
 Arms, xxxviii., xxxix., and xl. ; allied 
 to the Herefordshire family, xxxvi. ; 
 manor house at Coole Pilate, PI. 1 1 a , 
 368, 402, in Acton Parish, PI. 13 a, xl., 
 xli., xlii., 368 ; supposed extinction of 
 the family, — inaccurate,xli., — surviving 
 in the United States of America, xli n, 
 lxxxi-lxxxviii ; alliances with the 
 Brookes and Masseys, xli and 370; 
 
 other members of the family, a.d. 
 1428-1792, xli, xlii«; allied to many 
 of the gentry of Cheshire, xlii», 367, 
 370 ; pedigrees in Doc. II., 5th and 
 6th P.S., lxxxvi. 
 Whitneys, of other counties of England, — 
 memoranda respecting, in Doc. II., P.S., 
 lxxxvi. 
 
 Whitneys of the United States of North 
 America, — the name borne there by 
 many families, p. xli n, lxxxi-lxxxviii. 
 
 Whitneys named in the Emblems, xli- 
 xlviii; father, Geffrey, Emb. 164, p.xliii; 
 brother Brooke, Emb. 88, p. xlv, xlvii, 
 P.S. Doc. I., p. Ixxxii ; sister. M. D. 
 Colley, Emb. 93, 341; uncle Geffrey 
 Cartwright, Emb. 166, p. 366; nephew 
 Eo. Borron, Emb. 191, xlvi, xlvii; 
 kinsmen B.. W. of Coole, Emb. 91, 
 xlvii; Geffrey Whitney, Emb. 181, xlvii, 
 Ixxxii ; and H. W. Emb. 92, xlviii. 
 
 Whitneys, grandchildren of sir Thomas 
 Lucy, knt., Doc. II., 1st P.S., lxxxi 
 &c. 
 
 Whittaker, Dr. William, vicar of Whalley, 
 descended from the sister of dean 
 Nowell, 341 n. 
 
 Wilbbaham, Thomas, Esquier, Emb. 
 199, the old English gentleman, p.xliv, 
 
 381 ; the family from Cambridgeshire, 
 380 ; sketch of his life and character, 
 380-382 ; Webb's testimony, 380 ; pre- 
 sent state of Woodhey, 381 ; Ormerod's 
 praise of the family, 381 ; Thomas Wil- 
 braham's wives, Frances Cholmondeley 
 and Mary Warburton, 381; his daugh- 
 ter Dorothy, 382; the Tollemaches, 
 
 382 ; branches of the Wilbraham fa- 
 mily, 382. 
 
 Willett, Andrew, — his Emblems, Ed. 
 1598, p. xix ; double acrostic to queen 
 Elizabeth, xx; " Epithalamium," xx; 
 fine character, xxi ; specimens of his 
 emblems, xix and 318. 
 
 Wills, — copy of Geffrey Whitney's, Doc. 
 I., P.S., p. lxxxiii; of Whitneys in 
 Buckinghamshire and Oxfordshire, in 
 Doc. III., P.S., p. Ixxxii &c. 
 
 Windham, Fkancis, an excellent judge, 
 Emb. 121 and 122, p. 352; married 
 Jane Bacon, daughter of sir Nicholas; 
 origin of the name and variations of, 
 352 ; offices and death in 1592, p. 
 
 353- . . 
 
 Woodcuts, the same used again, xiv,xxxiv, 
 xxxv, 234, 240, 241, 244, 245, 250, 251, 
 411. 
 
 Woodhey, in Acton, xliv ; its present 
 
 state, 381. 
 Woodhowse, Sir Henkt, Knight, born 
 
 1546, Emb. 46; of a Norfolk family, — 
 
General Index. 
 
 433 
 
 origin, descent, and celebrated members 
 of it, 328. Sir H. Woodhouse, account 
 of; — others of the name; descendants;— 
 lord Wodehouse now lord-lieutenant of 
 Ireland, 329. 
 
 ''World encompassed," — title of the ac- 
 count of sir E. Drake's voyage, p. 383. 
 
 Worthy Teact &c; see Daniell. 
 
 Wrongs on Marble, Enib. 1836; see, Scri- 
 hit in marmore Icesus, PI. 37, p. 308- 
 310. 
 
 Wyatt, the elder, sir Thomas, intimate 
 with the literature of southern Europe, 
 p. xvi. 
 
 YO. L. lv. and 347, uncertain. 
 . Yarmouth Great, — History of, by 
 Swinden, lv. ; Manship, li., 361; and 
 Palmer, li. n. Whitney there as under - 
 steward, &c, 1., li., lii., — Leycester high- 
 steward, li.; Elowerdewe steward, li.; 
 
 Elizabethan mansion, li n ; town-chest, 
 lii.; the Rolls of Gt. Yarmouth, — 
 Extract from, PI. 12 and 13, p. lv., 
 329, 361, 402; ventures in the Virginian 
 lottery, 332, 3. 
 
 Yates, James, esq., M.A.j — article on Em- 
 blems, p. ix. 
 
 Yates, Joseph Brooks, Esq., of Liverpool ; 
 choice emblem library, xiv.; Combe's 
 emblems unknown to him, xix. ; re- 
 marks on Whitney, xxxiv.; on the 
 engravings in Ereitag, 241 ; on the 
 wood-cuts in Sambucus, 241 ; on Boc- 
 chius, 284. 
 
 ZZiletti, Giordano, printer of Venice; 
 , edition of Giovio's Eagionamento, 
 1566. Title PI. 61, p. 311 n, 374. 
 Zouch's Memoies of Sie P. Sidney's 
 Life and Writings, p. 327. 
 
434 
 
 Emblema Finale. 
 
 THIS anchor stout, nor fails in calm, nor storm , 
 That holy cross doth weary pilgrims guide ; 
 On either hand a dove, of peace the form, 
 By cross and anchor, ever will abide : 
 
 So hope, and faith, and love these symbols give, 
 The very way of truth by which to live. 
 
 In worldly strife our souls are tost and torn, 
 They have no rest who seize ambition's lure, 
 Round rugged deserts wander they forlorn, 
 Nor health nor healing comes their wounds to cure ; 
 But own the cross, the anchor and the dove, — 
 Then beams around our lives eternal love. 
 
SUBSCRIBERS TO THE REPRINT OF 
 WHITNEY'S EMBLEMS. 
 
 Of this Edition 50 copies on large paper have been printed and issued to sub- 
 scribers ; 450 have been printed on small paper, and 314 subscribed for. The 
 negatives of the emblem plates have been destroyed, and cannot be re-prodicced without 
 fresh photographs being taken. 
 
 ADAMS, Rupert, esq., Birmingham. 
 Adams, William, esq., the Oaks, 
 near Burslem. 
 Addis, John, jun., esq., Rustington, Little- 
 
 hampton, Sussex. 
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 chester {large paper). 
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 Manchester. 
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 Langport. 
 
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 caster. 
 
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 Barnacle, Rev. Henry, M.A., Knutsford. 
 Barnes, Thomas, esq., M.P., »Bolton-le- 
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436 
 
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 CORRIGENDA. 
 
 Page xxxvi, line 35- \ jj rew s ^ 0 uld be Dew. 
 ,, xxxix, „ 20.) 
 
 234, „ 22. Edition 1498 should be 1499. 
 
 321, „ 20. tempora filia should be temporis filia. 
 
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 371, ,, 21. Otiose should be Otiosi. 
 
 394, „ 9. Tomas Legge shoidd be Thomas Legge. 
 
 4 oi j s) 20 - ) g 0 fo j e - j lonor should be Soli deo honor. 
 
 4°3 5 » 32,3- > 
 
 404, Plate LXX should be Plate LX. 
 
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