t' I ► l <■ •. V . I I ,* I" 4 " - 1 )i C V' . ■V v. j* ;Tr ■* * > '» *+0 2 C - :r '-‘/C< ej /°S -' 7 <* (’.■?<■-K*% I . r . Lon i) o n Published -Auo. n-iSit. hi Hi,Id Emeu, While r.'u.SpUalfidds- CULPEPER’S COMPLETE HERBAL, TO WHICH IS NOW ADDED, UPWARDS OF ONE HUNDRED ADDITIONAL HERBS, WITH A DISPLAY OF THEIR Medicinal and Occult Qualities; Physically applied to THE CURE OF ALL DISORDERS INCIDENT TO MANKIND. To which are now first annexed his ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED, AND KEY TO PHYSIC , WITH RULES for Compounding MEDICINE according to the true SYSTEM of NATURE. FORMING A COMPLETE FAMILY DISPENSATORY, , AND NATURAL SYSTEM OF PHYSIC. TO WHICH IS ALSO ADDED UPWARDS OF FIFTY CHOICE RECEIPTS, Selected from the Author’s last Legacy to his Wife. EMBELLISHED WITH ENGRAVINGS OF UPWARDS OF FOUR HUNDRED DIFFERENT PLANTS, WITH OTHER SUBJECTS TO ILLUSTRATE THE WORK. The Lord hath created Medicines-out of the Earth ; and lie that is wise will not abhor them.”—Ecc. xxxviii. 4. LONDON: Published by RICHARD EVANS, No. 8, White’s Row, Spitalfieids. J. HADDON, PRINTER, TABERNACLE WALK. 1815. ■ . v V ' - » . \ *' • r/ > 4 * >• .. * «- ■ #' 4 CULPEPERs 1EFISTILE TO TIE KEABlElRc* f'T'AKE Notice, That in this Edition I have made very many Additions to every sheet in the book: and, also, that those books of mine that are printed of that Letter the small Bibles are printed with, are very falsely printed ; there being twenty or thirty gross mistakes in every sheet, many of them such as are exceedingly dan¬ gerous to such as shall venture to use them : And therefore I do warn the Public of them: I can do no more at present; only take notice of these Directions by which you shall be sure to know the True one from the False. The first Direction .—'The true one hath this Title over the head of every Book, The Complete Herbal and English Physician enlarged. The small Counter¬ feit ones have only this Title, The English Physician. The second Direction .—The true one hath these words, Government and Vir¬ tues, following the time of the Plants flowering, &c. The counterfeit small ones have these Words, Virtues and Use, following the tune of the Plants flowenng. The third Direction .—The true one is of a larger Letter than the counterfeit ones, which are in Twelves^ See. of the Letter small Bibles used to be printed on. I shall now speak something of the book itself. All other Authors that have written of the nature of Herbs, give not a bit of reason why such an Plerb was appropriated to such a part of the body, nor why it cured such a disease. Truly my own body being sickly, brought me easily into a capacity, to know that health was the greatest of all earthly blessings, and truly he was never sick that doth not believe it. Then I considered that all medicines were compounded of Herbs, Roots, Flowers, Seeds, &c. and this first set me to work in studying the nature of Simples, most of which I knew by sight before; and indeed all the Authors I could read gave me but little satisfaction in this particular, or none at all. I cannot build my faith upon Authors’ words, nor believing a thing because they say it, and could wish every body were of my mind in this,—to labour to be able to give a reason for every thing they say or do: They say Reason makes a man differ from a Beast; if that be true, pray what are they that, instead of reason for their judgment, quote old Authors ? Perhaps their authors knew a reason for what they wrote, perhaps they did not; what is that to us? Do we know it? Truly, in writing this work first, to satisfy myself, I drew out all the virtues ot the ' ulgai IV EPISTLE TO THE READER. or common Herbs, Plants, and Trees, See. out of the best, or most approved authors I had, or could get; and having done so, I set myself to study the reason of them. I knew well enough the whole world, and every thing in it, was formed of a compo¬ sition of contrary elements, and in such a harmony as must needs shew the wisdom and power of a great God. I knew as well this Creation, though thus composed of contraries, was one united body, and man an epitome of it: I knew those various affections in man, in respect of sickness and health, were caused naturally (though God may have other ends best known to himself) by the various operations of the Microcosm; and I could not be ignorant, that as the cause is, so must the cure be; and therefore he that would know the reason of the operation of the Herbs, must look up as high as the Stars, astrologically. I always found the disease vary accord- ing to the various motions of the Stars; and this is enough, one would think, to teach a man by the effect where the cause lies. Then to find out the reason of the operation of Herbs, Plants, &c. by the Stars went I; and herein I could find but few authors, but those as full of nonsense and contradiction an egg is full of meat. This not being pleasing, and less profitable to me, I consulted with my two brothers, Dr. Reason and Dr. Experience, and took a voyage to visit my mother Nature, by whose advice, together with the help of Dr. Diligence, I at last ob¬ tained my desire; and, being warned by Mr. Honesty, a stranger in our days, to publish it to the world, I have done it. But you will say, What need I have written on this Subject , seeing so many famous and learned men have written so much of it in the English Tongue , much more than I have done ? To this I answer, neither Gerrard nor Parkinson, or any that ever wrote in the like nature, ever gave one wise reason for what they wrote, and so did nothing else but train up young novices in Physic in the School of tradition, and teach them just as a parrot is taught to speak; an Author says so, therefore it is true; and if all that Authors say be true, why do they contradict one another ? But in mine, if you view it with the eye of reason, you shall see a reason for every thing that is written, whereby you may find the very ground and foundation of Physic; you may know what you do, and wherefore you do it; and this shall call me Father, it being (that I know of) never done in the world before. I have now but two things to write, and then I have done. 1 . What the profit and ben fit of this Work is. 2. Instructions in the use of it. 1 . The profit and benefits arising from it, or that may occur to a wise man from it, are many; so many that should I sum up all the particulars, my Epistle would be as big as the Book; I shall only quote some few general heads. EPISTLE TO THE READER. v Eirst, The admirable Harmony of the Creation is herein seen, in the influence of Stars upon Herbs and the Body of Man, how one part of the Creation is subservient to another, and all for the use of Man, whereby the infinite power and wisdom of God in the Creation appears ; and if I do not admire at the simplicity of the Ranters, never trust me ; who but viewing the Creation can hold such a sottish opinion, as that it was from eternity, when the mysteries of it are so clear to every eye ? but that Scripture shall be verified to them, Rom. i. 20. “ The invisible things of him, from the Creation of “ the World are clearly seen , being understood by the things that are made, even his Eternal “ Power and Godhead , so that they are without excuse.” —And a Poet could teach them a. better lesson; “ Because out of thy thoughts God shall not pass, “ His image stamped is on every grass.” This indeed is true, God has stamped his image on every creature, and therefore the abuse of the creature is a great sin ; but how much the more doth the wisdom and excellency of God appear, if we consider the harmony of the Creation in the virtue and operation of every Herb ? Secondly, Hereby you may know what infinite knowledge Adam had in his inno¬ cence, that by looking upon a creature, he was able to give it a name according to its nature ; and by knowing that, thou mayest know how great thy fall was, and be hum¬ bled for it even in this respect, because hereby thou art so ignorant. Thirdly, Here is the right way for thee to begin the study of Physic, if thou art minded to begin at the right end, for here thou hast the reason of the whole art. I wrote before in certain Astrological Lectures, which I read, and printed, intituled, Astrolo¬ gical Judgment of Diseases, what planet caused (as a second cause) every disease, how it might be found out what planet Caused it; here thou hast what planet cures it by Sympathy and Antipathy; and this brings me to my last promise, viz. Instructions for the right use of the booh. And herein let me premise a word or two, the Herbs, Plants, See. are now in the book appropriated to their proper planets. Therefore, First, Consider what planet causeth the disease; that thou mayest find in my aforesaid Judgment of Diseases. Secondly, Consider what part of the body is afflicted by the disease, and whether it lies in the flesh, or blood, or bones, or ventricles. Thirdly, Consider by what planet the afflicted part of the body is governed : that my Judgment of Diseases will inform you also. Fourthly, You may oppose diseases by Herbs of the planet, opposite to the. planet that causes them : as diseases of Jupiter by Herbs of Mercury, and the contrary; ( 1 .) B tl FPISTLE TO THE READER. diseases of the Luminaries by Herbs of Saturn , and the contrary; diseases of Mars by Herbs of Venus , and the contrary. Fifthly, There is a way to cure diseases sometimes by Sympathy , and so every planet cures his own disease; as the Sun and Moon by their Herbs cure the Eyes, *Sa- turn the Spleen, Jupiter the Liver, Mars the Gall and diseases of choler, and Venus dis¬ eases in the instruments of Generation. From my House in Spitalfields, NICH. CULPEPER, next door to the Red Lion, September 5, 1 653. TO HIS DEAR CONSORT, MRS. ALICE CULPEPER. My dearest, THE works that I have published to the world (though envied by some illiterate physicians) have merited such just applause, that thou mayest be confident in proceed¬ ing to publish anything I leave thee, especially this master-piece; assuring my friends and countrymen, that they will receive as much benefit by this, as by my Dispensatory , and that incomparable piece, called, Semiotica Uranica enlarged, and English Physician. These are the choicest secrets, which I had many years locked up in my own breast. I gained them by my constant practice, and by them I maintained a continual reputation in the world, and I doubt not but the world will honour thee for divulging them; and my fame shall continue and increase thereby, though the period of my Life and Studies be at hand, and I must now bid all things under the sun farewell: fare¬ well my dear wife and child; farewell Arts and Sciences, which I so dearly loved ; farewell all worldly glories, adieu readers. Nicholas Culpeper . GENERAL INDEX, TO THE ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED, AND GALEN’S KEY TO PHYSIC. Abder’s Tongue, or Serpent’s Tongue, 3 Agrimony, 4 ■-Water, 5 Alder-Tree, the black, 6 -- - - the common, 7 Alehoof, or Ground-Ivy, 5 Alexander, 6 Alkanet, 3, 218 All-Heal, 2 Amara Dulcis, 1 Amaranthus, 9 Anemone, 9 Angelica, 8, 218 Anthorae, 218 Archangel, 11 Arrach, garden, 10 -wild and stinking, 10 Ars-smart, 12 Artichokes, 88, 221 Asarabacca, 13,218 Ash Tree, J4, 222 Asparagus, 13 ———— prickly, 14 Asparagus, or Sperage, 218 Asphodel, Female, or King’s Spear, 218 -Male, 219 Avens, Colewort, or Herb Bonet, 15 Avens, or Herb Bennet, 219 Balm, 15 Barks, 259 -appropriated to parts of the body, 259 Barberry, 16 Barks, 202 Barks, 227 Barley, 16 Bay Tree, 18, 223 Baxil, garden, or Sweet Bazil, 18 Beans, 18 Beans. French, 19 Bearsbreach, or Brankursine, 217 - 2 ? Bed-straw, Ladies, 19 Beech Tree, 23 Beets, 20 Beets, black, white, and red, 219 Betony, Water, 21 -- Wood, ib. Bifoil, or Twablade, 24 Bilberries, Whorts, or Whortle¬ berries, 23 Birch Tree, 24 Bird’s Foot, 24 Birth wort, 218 Bishop’s-Weed, 25 Bistort, or Snakeweed, 25, 219 Blade, One, 26 Elites, 27 Blue Bottle, 28 Borrage, 219 Borrage and Bugloss, 28 Bramble, or Black-berry Bush, 27 Brank-Ursine, 29 Briony, or Wild Fine, 30 Briony, white and black, 219 Brook Lime, or Water Pimpernel, 31 Broom and Broom-Rape, 32 Buck’s-horn PlantaJR. 33 -ib. ▼ Bugle, 33 Bugloss, 219' Bulbus Fomitorius, 219 Bur, Clot-bur, or Burdock, 219 Burdock, 36 Burnet, 35, 224, 226 Butcher’s Broom, 31 Butter-bur, 224 Butter-bur, or Petasitis, 35 Cabbages and Coleworts, 37 Calamint, or Mountain Mint, 38 Caltrops, Water, 39, 226 Cammock or Rest-harrow, 223 Camomile, 39 Campion, Wild, 40 Caper Roots, 219 Carduus Benedictus, 4L Carraway, 42 Carrots, 41, 221 Celandine, 42 -lesser, 44 Celandine, the greater and lesser, 220 Centaury, ordinary small, 44 Centaury the greater, 219 Cerecloths, 366 Chamelion, white and black, 220 Cherries, Winter, 45 Cherry-Tree, 45 Chervil, 46 —-Sweet, or Sweet Cicely, 47 Chesnut-Tree, 47 Chesnuts, Earth, ib. Chickweed, 48 Chick-pease, or Cicers, ib. China, 220 Cinquefoil, 224 Cinquefoil, or Five-leaved Grass, 4@ Cives, 50 Clary, or Clear Eye, 50 -— Wild, 51 Cleavers, 51 Clown’s Woodwort, 52 Cock’s Head, Red Fitching, or Me- dick Fetch, 52 Colewort, 219 < 3 / Coleworts, Sea, ib. Coltsfoot, 53 Columbines, 53 Comfrey, 54,220 Compounds, Spirit and Compound Distilled VFaters, 283 Conserves, 206 Conserves and Sugars, 3J5 Coral wort, 54 Costmary, or Alecost, or Balsam Herb, 55 Costus, both sorts, 220 Cowslips, or Peagles, 56 Crabs Claws, 57 Creatures, Living, 252 Creatures, parts of Living, and Ex¬ crements, 253 Cresses, black, 57 - Sciatica, ib. •—*-Water, 58 Crosswort, 56 Crowfoot, 59 Cuckow Point, ib. Cuckow-points, or Wake-robin, 218 Cucumber roots, wild, 221 Cucumbers, 61 Cudweed, or Cotton-weed, 56 Daisies, 61, 219 Dandelion, vulgarly called Piss-a- beds, 62 Darnel, 62 Decoctions, 204, 293 Devil’s Bit, 63, 223 Dill, 63 Distilled Waters, Simples, 278 --- —. being di¬ gested before hand, 278 Dittany, 221 Dock, 64 Dodder of Thyme, Epithymum, &c. 64 Dog’s Grass, or Cough Grass, 65 Doronicum, 221 Dove’s-Foot, or Crane’s-Bill, 66 Down or Cotton Thistle, 67 Dracunculi, 221 Dragons, 67 Dropwort, 222 , Duck’s Meat, 66 Dwarf Elder, Walwort, or Dane- wort, 221 Elder, 225 Elder Tree, 67 —— Dwarf, 67 Elecampane, 69,221 Electuaries, 205 Electuaries, 324 -— purging, 331 Elm Tree, 68 Emplasters, 591 Endive, 69 Endive, Garden Endive, 221 Eringo, or Sea Holly, 70, 222 Eyebright, 71 Fennel, 73, 222 -Sow, or Hog’s Fennel, 74 Fern, 71 -Water, or Osmond Royal, 7 % -Male and Female, 222 -of the Oak, 224 Feverfew, or Featherfew, 72 Figwort, 226 Fig-Wort, or Throat-Wort, 74 Fig Tree, 75 Filipendula, or Drop-Wort, 75 Flag, Yellow Water, or Flower-de- Luce, 76. GENERAL INDEX. Flax-Weed, or Toad Flax, 76 Flea-Wort, 77 Flower-de-Luce, 78 •" Flowers, 200, 247 -264 —. — appropriated to certain parts of the body, 265 Fluellin, or Lluellin, 79 Fluxweed, 78 Fox-Gloves, 80 Fruits, 267 -appropriated to the body of man, 267 -by their several operations, bind, &c. 268 -purging, 268 -and their buds, 248 Fuller’s-Thistle, 223 Fumitory, 80 Furze Bush, 81 Galanga, or Galingal, 222 Galanga, English, long and round, 221 Galen’s Method of Physic, Key to, 376 Garlick, 82, 218, 227 Gentian, 222 Gentian, Felwort, or Baldmony, 82 Germander, 83 Gilliflowers, Clove, 83 Ginger, 227 Gladon, Stinking, 226 Gladwin, Stinking, 84 Golden Rod, 85 Gooseberry Bush, 86 Gout-wort, or Herb Gerrard, 85 Grass, 222 Green, Winter, 86 Gromel, 85 Groundsel, 87 Gums, Rozins, Balsams, and Juices, 270 Hart’s Tongue^88 Hawk-weed, W Hawthorn, 90^ Hazel-Nut, 89 Heart’s Ease, 88 Hearts-ease, or Pansies, 226 Hedge Hyssop, 92 Hellebore, black, 93 Hellebore, white and black, 221 Hemlock, 90 Hemp, 91 Henbane, 91 Herb Robert, 94 -True-Love, or One Berry, 94 Herbs, 260 -appropriated to certain parts of the body of man, 262 -altering according to pro¬ perty, 263 -purging, 264 Herbs or Trees, of the leaves of, 200 -and their Leaves, 229 Hermodactils, 222 Holly, Holm, or Hulver Bush, 99 Hops, 95 Horehound, 96 Horsetail, 97 Hound’s Tongue, 98, 221 Houseleek, or Sengreen, 97 Hyssop, 95 Jacinths, 222 John’s Wort, St. 99 Ivy, 99 Juniper Bush, 100 Juices, 202, 252 Juleps, 204 Kidney Wort, or Wall Penny-royal, or Wall Penny-wort, 101 Knapweed, 102 Knotgrass, ib. Knee-holly, or Butcher’s-broom, or Bruscus, 225 Ladies’-thistles, 226 -Mantle, 103 Lavender, ib. -- Cotton, 104 Leeks, 225 , Lettice, 223 Lettuce, 104 Lilies, Water, 223 Lilies, white, 106, 223 Lily, Water, 105 -of the Valley, ib. Liquorice, 106, 222 Liverwort, 107 Lohochs, 20S Loosestrife, or Willow-herb, 107 -with spiked heads of flowers, ib. Lovage, 108, 223 Lungwort, 109 Madder, 109, 225 Maidenhair, 110 -white, or Wall Rue, ib. -Golden, ib. Mallows, 223 J2J. Mandrakes, 223 Maple Tree, 112 Marigolds, 114 Marjoram, Wind, 112 -Sweet, 113 Marsh-mallows, 218 .JJ1. Master-wort, 114, 223, 224 Maudlin, Sweet, 114^ Mead-sweet, 227 Mechracah, 223 Medicines, method of mixing, 2l0' -on the Temperature of, 376 -Temperate, 377 ’ -- Hot, ib. -JHot in the first degree, ib. GENERAL INDEX. Medicines, hot in the second degree, 378 -—-third degree, ib. ib. • fourth degree, 379 — Cooling, 378 cool 1 in the first degree, • O J - second and third degree, ib. —'cold in the fourth degree, 379 - moistening, ib. -drying, ib. -of the appropriation of the several parts of the body, 380 - appropriated to the Head, ib. -Brain, ib. -Eyes, ib. -- Mouth and Nose, 382 -Ears, ib. -Teeth, ib. -Breast and lungs, ib. —--Heart, 383 --— Stomach, 384 -Liver, 385 -Spleen, ib. -Reins & Bladder, 386 -Womb, ib. -— Joints, ib. -Propriety or opera¬ tion of, 387 * -Hardening, ib. -Loosening, 388 -Drawing, 389 -Discussive, ib. -Repelling, 390 -Cleansing, 391 -Suppuring, 392 -Provoking urine, ib. -Breeding flesh, 393 -Glutinative, ib. -Resisting poison, ib. -Purging, 394 Medlar, 115 Melilot, or King’s Claver, 115 Mercury, French and Dog, 116 -Dog, ib. Metals, Minerals, and Stones, 254 Metals, Stones, Salts, and other Minerals, 276 Mints, 117 Misselto, 118 Mithridate Mustard, 182 Money-wort, or Herb Two-pence, 119 Monks Rhubarb, 225 Moonwort, 120 Mosses, 120 Motherwort, 121 Mouse-ear, 122 Mugwort, 122 Mulberry Tree, 123, 223 Mullein, ib. Mustard, 124 Hedge, 125 Nailwort, or Whitlow-grass, 126 Nep, or Catmint, ib. Nettles, 127, 227 Nightshade, 128 Oak, 128 Oats, 129 Oils, 205 Oils, 353 -Simple Oils by expression, ib. Infusion and Decoc¬ tion, 354 -Compound Oils by infusion and decoction, 355 Ointments, 208 Ointments, more simple, 358 moi'e compound, 362 One Blade, ib. Onions, 130, 220 Orchis, 129 Orpine, ib. 130 Orris, or Flower-de-luce, 222 Parsley, 131 -Piert, or Parsley Break¬ stone, ib. Parsnips, 132 -- Cow', ib. -garden and wild, 224 Peach Tree, 133 Pear Tree, 134 Pellitory, of Spain, 134, 225 of the Wall, 135 Peony, male and female, 224 Pennyroyal, 136 Peony, male and female, 137 Pepperwort, or Dittander, 138 Periwinkle, 138 Peter’s Wort, St. 139 Pimpernel, 139 Physic, a Key to Galen’s Method of, 376 -• the general use of, ib. of the temperature, ib. Pills, 209, 339 Pine, Ground, 140 Plaislers, 208, 367 Plantain, 141, 224 Plants, things bred from, 252 Plums, 142 Polypody of the Oak, 14$ Poplar Tree, 143 Poppy, 144 Poultices, 209 Preserved Roots, Stalks, Barks, Flowers, Fruits, 314 Preserves, 206 Primroses, 146 Privet, 146, 218 Purslain, 146 Queen of the Meadows, or Meadow Sweet, 147 Quince Tree, 148 Radishes, garden and wild, 225 Ragwort, 149 Rest-Harrow, or Camonack, 150 Rattle Grass, 150 Receipts, General Caution, 395 ** -to purge the Head, ib. fora Rheum in the Head, and the Palsy, ib. ib. 396. -for the falling off of the Hair, ib. -to purge the Head, ib. for Eyes that are blasted, ib. -Excellent Water to clear the Sight, ib. -for a hurt in the Eye with a stroke, ib. to draw Rheum back from the Eyes, ib. -for a Web in the Eye, ib. -pain in the Ears, ib. -an Imposthume in the Ear, ib. -Polypus, ora fleshy sub¬ stance growing in the Nose, ib. ib. bleeding at the Nose,ib. v a Canker in the Nose, anotherfor the Polypus, -extreme heat of the Mouth, 397 a Canker in the Mouth, ib. ib. -to keep Teeth white, ib. -fasten the Teeth, ib. -for the Tooth-ache, ib. -Scurvy in the Gums, ib, -rotting and consuming of the Gums, ib. —the cause of Infirmities in the Face, ib. for a Face full of red pim¬ ples, ib. to take away the marks of the Small Pox, ib. Caution concernin'!- the Infirmities of the Throat, ib. -for Hoarseness, 398 -the Quinsey, ib. -Sore Breasts, ib. ---inward Medicine for, ib. ib. Moisture ofthe Stomach Receipts for the heat of the Stomach, ib. — -to cause the Liver well to digest, ib. • -a Caution, ib. -a stoppage of the Liver ib. -the Liver, ib. Reed, Aromatical, 219 Reeds, common and sugar, 218 Rhadish, or Horse Rhadish, 148 Rhapontick, or Rhubarb of Pontus, 225 Rhubarb, 225 Rhubarb, or Rephontic, 156 .-Monk’s, or garden Patience, J 57 -Bastard, or great Round¬ leaved Dock, ib. Rocket, 151 — -Winter, or Cresses, 152 Roots, 201, 217, 256 -Temperature of, 257 ■ appropriated to several parts of the body, 258 -properties of, ib. Rosa Solis, or Sun Dew, 155 Rosemary, ib. Rose Root, 225 Roses, 152 Rue, Meadow, 158 Garden, 159 Ripture-wort, 160 Rushes, 161 * Rye, ib. Saffron, Meadow, 220 Saffron, 161 Sage, 162 .-Wood, ib. Samphire, 164 Sanicle, ib. Saracen’s Confound, or Saracen’s Wound-wort, 165 Sarsaparilla, or Bind-weed, 225 Satyrion, 226 Sauce-alone, or Jack by the Hedge- Side, 165 Savin©, 166 Savory, Winter and Summer, ib. Saxifrage, the common white, 167 --—• Burnet, ib. - white, or Lady-Smocks, 226 Scabious, ib. Scabious, three sorts, 16ft Scirrets, 226 Scordium, or Water-Germander, ib. Scurvy grass, 169 Sea, things belonging to the, 254 Seeds, 201 -or Grains, 249, 268 .—— according to their operation, bind, &c. 269 GENERAL INDEX. Self-heal, 170 Service Tree, 171 Seseli, or Hartwort, 226 Shepherd’s Purse, 171 Sloe-bush, or Sloe-tree, 225 Smallage, 171, 218 Solomon’s Seal, 163, 225 Sope-wort, or Bruise-wort, 172 Sorrel, ib. -Wood, ib. Sow Thistles, 173 Southern-wood, ib. Sorrel, 223 Sowbread, 218 Sow-thistles, 226 Species, or Powders, 317 Spignel, 223 Spignel, or Spikenard, 174 Spikenard, 223 Spleenwort, Ceterach, or Hart’s Tongue, ib. Spurge, greater and lesser, 222 Spurge, Olive, or Widow-wail, 223 Squils, 226 Star-Thistle, 175 Stone-Crop, Prick-Madam, or small Houseleek, 177 Strawberries, 175 Swallow-wort, 218, 227 Succory, 220 Succory, or Chicory, 176 Sugars, 316 Sulphur-wort, Hogs-fennel,orHore- strange, 224 Syrups, 203,294 -- altering, 294 -- purging, 305 -— made with Vinegar and Honey, 308 Tamaris, 226 Tamarisk Tree, 178 Tansie, 226 l ansy, garden, 178 Tansy, Wild, or Silver Weed, 179 Tears, Liquors, and Rosins, 251 Teazle, 223 Thistles, 179 -Melancholy, 180 -our Lady’s, ib. -Woollen, or Cotton, 781 -Fuller’s, or Teasle, ib. Thorn, black, or Sloe Bush, 182 Thorough Wax, or Thorough Leaf, 183 Throat-wort, 226 Thyme, 103 — -Wild, or Mother of Thyme, ib. Tinctures, 290 Toad-stools, 226 Tobacco, English, 177 Toothwort, 221 Tormentil, 226 Tormentil, or Septfoil, 184 Treacle Mustard, 181 Trefoil, 226 Trefoil, Meadow, or Honey-sucklei, 185 -Heart, 186 -Pearl, ib. Troches, 209, 346 Turbith, 226 Turraerick, 221 Turnsole, or Heliotropium, 185 Tustan, ©r Park Leaves, 186 Valerian, white and red, 219 Valerian, or Setwell, greater and lesser, 224 Valerian, garden, 186 Vervain, 187 Vine, 188 Vinegars, Physical, 292 Violets, 188 Viper’s Bugloss, 189 Viper’s Bugloss, or Wild Buglo^, 221 Viper’s Grass, 226 Wall Flowers, or Winter Gilli- flowers, 190 Walnut Tree, ib. Water-flag, or Flower-de-luce, 218 Waters, distilled, 202 Weld, Wold, or Dyer’s Weed, 191 Wheat, 192 Willow Tree, ib. Wines, Physical, 291 Wo%d, 193, 223 Woodbine, or Honey Suckles, ib. 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I/O r London PubUeJus.£ by Jtichr/Zvans Whites Rear Svttal/bclds. •. J Plate IP. iettoit' MmeuH'ort. 3l\>a *. rt'Mea Y. v<: S/i/atrfeljs . Plate 22. Teppet'irort. Plantain 1 Pennytrcrt. /In//?{/( 'femalePit >ru y. /Yimroscs. / tt-b /lark shame Ttantaiji . ^md.nJ%0>HAtd 7fj ie&.'h?JZran* tthttAJLyKSfn'talAV*. /‘/ate 23. /Parsley .Pert . Ground Pine. /U-O Wild Poppy. / 4 - 4 - Pftch Tree Pluck Pcfpci. Proad Traced Plante, (Quick Gras#. Quince Tree. th-% Queenet the J/eadinr. lie/ Pest Arrow. JS "0 r.in-tAouJPublishcJ bft Itt.-It‘ l F.rnSpt/al (ield.v Plate 2. j. Ltih.L'H Pnl'ftiJu-.l fyr Jfxeh'jEruns.t?.I17ut77 Short feared Tobacco. •77 Sun /Jen Ait ofi tjiiiutjc. / ■If,‘litftilf Sa.rt/trtpe . / S Third Scabien*. Soap Wort. fj ?- S/uxthre/f, Lone. 'on. /}i/>//s/h •,/ flu flu*/ i ^ /it ■tins,D'h/ft v Aon ■, '//'italfl/'hfs. ( X I e ■ \ Heed Sanicle. /d4r ' JUmiati Sorrel. Scariy dr as. SrlrJMvi //* flood Sth/e./i 2 . Hood Sorrel Shepherds Torso. /// Hit dor Saron/ /Si Second Samphire. /S4- oamcons. drool Sanicle. tfir lxB ft Zcnrfen TubiUlu’d bn liich^Esans. bVhitcs litHV. S/rita/fieLis Succory hml Samphire. /lo- Svuillaye. /// Solomons Seal.f63 Si avid Sri61 teal. //& Semi Shrub. Similar Hurt. z/S' // 2 Common Sorrel Jiate27. ho mi' >n, f\tblis7utt Tty&t'h'J Ktwt», l\7ii(r* Ho: Tansey. //? Sweet Trertdl. Star Thistle. //6" Thoroayh If'aj-. /tr3 , TenHori J'ribtidu-.i fy ftrWi!*K> m ant Jl?i. /t.-ir. Sjt t.tl,h l.l*. ft ate !0. (jreeldsh Valerian . Smalt Wild Valerian. 2 p'f/i! Vet-rain / r ptiiflil Jerrain./f/' W Vellotr ladlels. /SS ^y\ WildBnplossa 2 ’ 7 ? persBnaloss. df 1 Oanien liutjtoss. /.mJimtftilkshccL ZyJUch*'Evans. I17rite$.Reii\ Sj.ritulfi&cU. Stn tru]t' Violet s Plate ,°/0. Starn/Peacled'AniseTree. Paeamahae Tree. Dieaf Valerian.*’ 3 * Creeping Terrain Vanilla Plant ( hmnian Violels. tVS’ Vipers (/rax.*. 2 . 2 . <£> danten lalertan Omit Mid Valerian . 22 if linnman jSniTkerool. ami1 /., ’>1,/, vi mttuiud An m .•// :'£'nw * in,e. nSjrdnM •/, n. . \ * • f \ -- x • .. . r ;* ■ . ■ , . - . t - - • c f a • ■ . . < • / ' • ; - ' i /‘late 31 . Sprnve ZaureL (Jet ter Cta/itum Itbinneiaxt. Sect WorniH'oocl/. ffZiter Arroir JleaeJ JJoiklrooJe th'eetl Coll arbor. S3 Columbine. S '3 v'o f \ T\ \ Us' Zcndon,l\zbkbuJLJZvans TT/iUcsJto»y SpUul fields. tUiS. f r (ate 3 17real SoaZhanlroody. ij & wrealdwer 7 (soul iTedO'. i ranesbilt. ironutdcal Reed lie Flaiy TaisJo. OreaZ 0< ’/den RocL. £«T f/npiu- of femdzw. /tfb I*9i(l(oi Rnb bvMuh a ns, TThiLct Row. Sptlal/ieUj. itho. t #• ' / '.4 \ I ■■4 V -.S' • • ?>'■». £ ’ ' <■ . - ' . " , ' . ■» Plate 33. Jii-ooh Vute.. fl'oacL Zonckm,?ubb**, CmJiiOdwrsJtrooru. ■ . Xori&idlipiTiehrdAav*! J&fSby Tt<*v. S'ritriJfitMs. t- *0 fan don Jfiilish+d Seftt IfLz Jff It lZ*an t Whi( ^ 1 iy , -y /1 F .• -1 f \ 1 m§t\ \'v-. i Jm (\^ Lj “i Crabb Apple. Ego Etumb. WOrl Strawberries. Hautboys Double Blofsom’dTearTree. [Zanaan /'nbhfhcH fat HJCwns Whites Hair. Sjntnbie/.fc Sc/'tCrStJ. Oreyn. (sage Damsorv Jiullis Phi Chanipaujn. Gooseberry. CodUrb Tree Or! e on Blanib. Spanish/Bl'l. Alpine Strawberry. midlVul = i|| =-* r ■ ZoneUnruXliMa. by ZiA'I>'.■ Common Gooseberry. THE ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. I green colour; the flowers are of a purple colour, or of a perfect blue, like to violets, and they stand many of them together in uvu gnu uuwo iu vuv me x knots: the berries are green at first, but same herb, and that the common name \ when they are ripe they are very red ; if which it bears in one county, is not known j you taste them, you shall find them just as in another; I shall take the pains to set j the crabs which we in Sussex call Bitter- down all the names that I know of each j sweet, viz. sweet at first and bitter after¬ herb: pardon me for setting that name first, \ wards. which is most common to myself. Besides \ Place.] They grow commonly almost Amara Dulcis, some call it Mortal, others l throughout England, especially in moist Bitter-sweet; some Woody Night-shade, \ and shady places. and others Felon-wort. \ Time.] The leaves shoot out about the Descript.] It grows up with woody stalks 1 latter end of March, if the temperature of even to a man's height, and sometimes j the air be ordinary; it flowers in July, and higher. The leaves fall off at the approach of! the seeds are ripe soon after, usually in the winter, and spring out of the same stalk at j next month. spring-time: the branch is compassed about^ Government and virtues.] It is under the with a whitish bark, and has a pith in the | planet Mercury, and a notable herb of his middle of it: the main branch branches j also, if it be rightly gathered under his in- itself into many small ones with claspers, j fluence. It is excellently good to remove laying hold on what is next to them, as j witchcraft both in men and beasts, as also vines do: it bears many leaves, they grow ; all sudden diseases whatsoever. Being tied in no order at all, at least in no regular 1 round about the neck, is one of the most ad- order: the leaves are longish, though some- j mirable remedies for the vertigo or dizziness what broad, and pointed at the ends: many 1 in the head; and that is the reason (as of them have two little leaves growing at the j Tragus saith) the people in Germany com¬ end of their foot stalk; some have but one, I monly hang it about their cattle’s necks, and some none. The leaves are of a pale \ when they fear any such evil hath betided 2 THE COMPLETE PIERBAL them: Country people commonly take the; they are something hairy, each leaf con- berries of it, and having bruised th6m, ap- $ sisting of five or six pair of such wings set ply them to felons, and thereby soon rid j one against the other upon foot-stalks, broad their fingers of such troublesome guests. i below, but narrow towards the end ; one oi We have now shewed you the external j the leaves is a little deeper at the bottom use of the herb; we shall speak a word or * than the other, of a fair yellowish fresh two of the internal, and so conclude. Take? green colour: they are of a bitterish taste, notice, it is a Mercurial herb* and there- ? being chewed in the mouth j from among fore of very subtile parts, as indeed all ? these rises up a stalk, green in colour, Mercurial plants are; therefore take a j round in form, great and strong in magni- pound of the wood and leaves together, Itude, five or six feet in altitude, with many bruise the wood (which you may easily do, j joints, and some leaves thereat; towards the for it is not so hard as oak) then put it in ? top come forth umbels of small yellow a pot, and put to it three pints of white \ flowers, after which are passed away, you wine, put on the pot-lid and shut it close;! may find whitish, yellow, short, fiat seeds, and let it infuse hot over a gentle fire twelve! bitter also in taste, hours, then strain it out, so have you a most excellent drink to open obstructions Place.'] Having given you a description of the herb from bottom to top, give me of the liver and spleen, to help difficulty \ leave to tell you, that there are other herbs of breath, bruises and falls, and congealed \ called by this name; but because they are blood in any part of the body, it helps the j strangers in England, I give only the des- yellow-jaundice, the dropsy and black \ cription of this, which is easily to be had jaundice, and to cleanse women newly j in the gardens of divers places. brought to bed. You may drink a quarter! Time.] Although Gerrard saith, that they of a pint It purges of the infusion every the body very gently flower from the beginning of May to the and not \ end of December, experience teaches them morning churlishly as some hold. And when you \ that keep it in their gardens, that it flowers find good by this, remember me. They that think the use of these medi- \ not till the latter end of the Summer, and sheds its seed presently after. cines is too brief, it is only for the cheap- \ Government and virtues.] It is under the ness of the book; let them read those books \ dominion of Mars, hot* biting, and choleric; xl _1__• T~l • S i t i ■ ‘i ti r • • .1 of mine, of the last edition Veslingus , Riolanus , Johnson , Physic for the Poor. viz. Reverius, \ and remedies what evils Mars inflicts the Sennertus, and \ body of man with, by sympathy, as vipers* | flesh attracts poison, and the loadstond \ iron. It kills the worms, helps the gout; j cramp, arid convulsions, provokes urine, il, i and helps all joint-aches. It helps all cold is! griefs of the head, the vertigo, falling-sick- supposed that Hercules learned the herb! j ness, the lethargy, the wind cholic, obstruc- and its virtues from Chiron, when he learn-; tions of the liver and spleen, stone in the ed physic of him. Some call it Panay, j kidneys and bladder. It provokes the and others Opopane-wort. v j terms, expels the dead birth: it is excellent ALL-HEAL. x It is called All-heal, Hercules's All-heal, and Hercules's Wound-wort, because it Rescript.] Its root is long, thick, and ex- ? good for the griefs of the sinews, itch, stone, ceeding full of juice, of a hot and biting | and tooth-ache, the biting of mad dogs and taste, the leaves are great and large, and?venomous beasts, and purges choler very i winged almost like ash-tree leaves, but that!? gently. AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. ALKANET. | drank, strengthens the back, and eases the $ pains thereof: It helps bruises and falls, and Besides the common name, it is called ; is as gallant a remedy to drive out the Orchanet, and Spanish Bugloss, and by ; small pox and measles as any is ; an oint- apothecaries, Enchusa. \ ment made of it, is excellent for green Descript .] Of the many sorts of this herb, ; wounds, pricks or thursts. there is but one known to grow commonly ; , in this nation; of which one take this de- * scription: It hath a great and thick root, of \ Descript.'] This herb has but one leaf, a reddish colour, long, narrow, hairy leaves, j which grows with the stalk a finger’s length green like the leaves of Bugloss, which lie ; above the ground, being flat and of a fresh very thick upon the ground ; the stalks rise! green colour; broad like Water Plantain, up compassed round about, thick with; but less, without any rib in it; from the leaves, which are less and narrower than; bottom of which leaf, on the inside, rises the former ; they are tender, and slender, 1 up (ordinarily) one* sometimes two or three the flowers are hollow, small, and of a red- j slender stalks, the upper half whereof is dish colour. ; somewhat bigger, and dented with small Place.] It grows in Kent near Rochester, \ dents of a yellowish green colour, like the and in many places in the West Country, \ tongue of an adder serpent (only this is as both in Devonshire and Cornwall. juseful as they are formidable.) The roots Time.] They flower in July, and the be-; continue all the year, ginning of August, and the seed is ripe | Place.] It grows in moist meadows, and soon after, but the root is in its prime, as; such like places. carrots and parsnips are, before the herb; Time.] It is to be found in May or April, runs up to stalk. j for it quickly perishes with a little heat. Government and virtues.] It is an herb un-1 Government and virtues.] It is an herb der the dominion of Venus, and indeed one j under the dominion of the Moon and Can- of her darlings, though somewhat hard to jeer, and therefore if the weakness of the come by. It helps old ulcers, hot inflam-j retentive faculty be caused by an evil in- mations, burnings by common fife, and St. {fluence of Saturn in any part of the body Anthony’s fife, by antipathy to Mars ; for \ governed by the Moon, or under the domi- these uses, your best way is to make it into jnion of Cancer, this herb cures it by sym- an ointment; also, if you make a vinegar i pathy: It cures these diseases after specified, of it, as you make vinegar of roses, it helps ; in any part of the body under the influence the morphew and leprosy; if you apply the 1 of Saturn, by antipathy, herb to the privities, it draws forth the dead | It is temperate in respect of heat, but child. It helps the yellow jaundice, spleen, j dry in the second degree. The juice of the and gravel in the kidneys. Dioscorides j leaves drank with the distilled water of saith, it helps such as are bitten by a veno- \ Horse-tail, is a singular remedy for all man- mous beast, whether it be taken inwardly, j ner of wounds in the breast, bowels, or or applied to the wound; nay, he saith fur-j other parts of the body, and is given with ther, if any one that hath newly eaten it, j good success to those that are troubled do but spit into the mouth of a serpent, the; with casting, vomiting, or bleeding at the serpent instantly dies. It stays the flux of \ mouth of nose, or otherwise downwards, the belly, kills worms, helps the fits of the \ The said juice given in the distilled water mother. Its decoction made in wine, and i of Oaken-buds, is very good for women who (1.) ' c 4 THE COMPLETE HERBAL have their usual courses, or the whites flow- \ At the top thereof grow many small yellow ing down too abundantly. It helps soreeyes. j flowers, one above another, in long spikes ; Of the leaves infused or boiled in oil, om- j after which come rough heads of seed, hang- phacine or unripe olives, set in the sun four j ing downwards, which will cleave to and certain days, or the green leaves sufficiently 1 stick upon garments, or any thing that shall boiled in the said oil, is made an excellent \ rub against them. The knot is black, long, green balsam, not only for green and fresh land somewhat woody, abiding many years, wounds, butalso forold and inveterate ulcers,! and shooting afresh every Spring ; which especially if a little fine clear turpentine be j root, though small, hath a reasonable good dissolved therein. It also stays and re- 5 scent. freshes all inflammations that arise upon j Place .] It grows upon banks, near the pains by hurts and wounds. I sides of hedges. What parts of the body are under each j Time.'] It flowers in July and August, the planet and sign, and hlso what disease may j seed being ripe shortly after, be found in my astrological judgment of* Government and virtues.] It is an herb diseases; and for the internal work of nature j under Jupiter, and the sign Cancer; and in the body of man; as vital, animal, natural \ strengthens those parts under the planet and procreative spirits of man ; the appre- \ and sign, and removes diseases in them by hension, judgment, memory; the external j sympathy, and those under Saturn, Mars senses, viz. Seeing, hearing, smelling, tast-jand Mercury by antipathy, if they happen ing and feeling; the virtuous, attractive, \ in any part of the body governed by Jupi- retentive, digestive, expulsive, &c. under j ter, or under the signs Cancer, Sagitarius or the dominion of what planets they are, may j Pisces, and therefore must needs be good be found in my Ephemeris for the year 1651.1 for the gout, either used outwardly in oil or In both which you shall find the chaff of j ointment, or inwardly in an electuary, or authors blown away by the fame of Dr. Reason, and nothing but rational truths left for the ingenious to feed upon syrup, or concerted juice; for which see the latter end of this book. \ It is of a cleansing and cutting „ . 0 _ 0 faculty Lastly. To avoid blotting paper with one \ without any manifest heat, moderately thing many times, and also to ease your! drying and binding. It opens and clean- purses in the price of the book, and withal \ ses the liver, helps the jaundice, and is to make you studious in physic; you have! very beneficial to the bowels, healing all at the latter end of the book, the way oft inward wounds, bruises, hurts, and other preserving all herbs either in juice, con- j distempers. The decoction of the herb serve, oil, ointment or plaister, electuary, \ made with wine, and drank, is good against pills, or troches. j the biting and stinging of serpents, and | helps them that make foul, troubled or | bloody water. __ leaves ? This herb also helps the cholic, cleanses (some greater, some smaller) set upon a 1 the breast, and rids away the cough, stalk, all of them dented about the edges,; A draught of the decoction t, aken warm be- gieen above, and greyish underneath, and \ fore the fit, first removes, and in time rids a httle hairy withal. Among which arises j away the fertain or quartan agues. The up usually but one strong, round, hairy, * leaves and seeds taken in wine, stays the brown stalk, two or three feet high, with \ bloody flux ; outwardly applied, being smaller leaves set here and there upon it. \ stamped with old swines’ grease, it helps AGRIMONY. De script.] This has divers lon'g AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. old sores, cancers, and inveterate ulcers, and \ therefore they are not so frequently 1 draws forth thorns and splinters of wood, \ in the southern parts of England as i found splinters of wood, jin the southern parts of England as in the nails, or any other such things gotten in the j northern, where they grow frequently: You flesh. It helps to strengthen the members i may look for them in cold grounds, by pond that be out of joint: and being bruised and j and ditches' sides, and also by running applied, or the juice dropped in it, helps j [waters; sometimes you shall find them grow foul and imposthumed ears. iin the midst of waters. The distilled water of the herb'is good* Time.'] They all flower wi July or August, to all the said purposes, either inward or land the seed is ripe presently after, outward, but a great deal weaker. || Government and virtues.] It is a plant of It is a most admirable remedy for such j Jupiter, as well as the other Agrimony, only wnose livers are annoyed either by heat or 1 this belongs to the celestial sign Cancer, cold. The liver is the former of blood, and j It heals and dries, cuts and cleanses blood the nourisher of the body, and Agri- $ thick and tough humours of the breast, and mony a,strengthener of the liver. {for this I hold it inferior to but few herbs I cannot stand to give you a reason in jthat .grow. It helps tire cachexia or evil every herb why it cures such diseases; but {disposition of the body, the dropsy and if you please to pursue my judgment in j yellow-jaundice. It opens obstructions of the herb Wormwood, you shall find them there, and it will be well worth your while to consider it in every herb, you shall find them true throughout the book WATER AGRIMON V. TU /<■ r. x the liver, mollifies the hardness of the spleen, i being applied outwardly. It breaks impost- x humes away inwardly : It is an excellent remedy for the third day ague. It provokes urine and the terms; it kills worms, and cleanses the body of sharp humours, Avhich It is called in some countries, Water dare the cause of itch and scabs ; the herb Hemp, Bastard Hemp, and Bastard Agri- ; being burnt, the smoke thereof drives away mony, Eupatorium* and Hepatorium, be- j flies, wasps, &c. It strengthens the lungs cause it strengthens the liver. {exceedingly. Country people give it to Descript.] The root continues a long time, {their cattle when they are troubled with the having many long slender strings. The {'cough, or broken-winded, stalk grows up about two feet high, some-: L- 1 aM c j 1 1 : ALEIIOOF, OR GROUND-IVY.^. times higher. I hey are ot a dark purple \ ’ colour. The branches are many, growing j SEVERALCOunties give it different names, at distances the one from the other, the one { so that there is scarcely an herb growing of from the one side of the stalk, the other \ that bigness that has got so many: It is from the opposite point. The leaves are j called Cat’s-foot, Ground-ivy, Gill-go by- winged, and much indented at the edges, j ground, and Gill-creep-by-ground, Tum- The flowers grow at the top of the branches, j hoof, Haymaids, and Alehoof. of a brown yellow colour, spotted withj Descript.] This well known herb lies, black spots, having a substance within: spreads and creeps upon the ground? the midst of them like that of a Daisy: If; shoots forth roots, at the corners of tendet you rub them between your fingers, they j jointed stalks, set with two round leaves ar smell like rosin or cedar when it is burnt. \ every joint somewhat hairy, crumpled and The seeds are long, and easily stick to any 1 unevenly dented about the edges with round woollen thing they touch. bdentsj at the joints likewise, with the leaves Place.] They delight not in heat, and { towards the end of the branches, come forth 0 THE COMPLETE HERBAL ALEXANDER. J hollow, long flowers, of a blueish purple lout in any part of the body. The juice of colour, with small white spots upon the lips ; Celandine, Field-daisies, and Ground-ivy that hang down. The root is small with j clarified, and a little fine sugar dissolved strings. j therein, and dropped into the eyes, is a PSfce.] It is commonly found under j sovereign remedy for all pains, redness, and hedges, and on the sides of ditches, under j watering of them; as also for the pin and houses, or in shadowed lanes, and other j web, skins and films growing over the sight; waste grounds, in almost every part of this ; it helps beasts as well as men. The juice land. . | dropped into the ears, wonderfully helps Tinted] They flower somewhat early, and j the noise and singing of them, and helps the abide a great while; the leaves continue) hearing which is decayed. It is good to green until Winter, and sometimes abide, } tun up with new drink, for it will clarify it except the Winter be very sharp and cold, jin a night, that it will be the fitter to be Government and virtues .] It is an herb of \ drank the next morning ; or if any drink Venus, and therefore cures the diseases she j be thick with removing, or any other acci- causes by sympathy, and those of Mars by 5 dent, it will do the like in a few hours, antipathy; you may usually find it all the j year long except the year be extremely \ frosty; it is quick, sharp, and bitter in taste, ; It is called Alisander, Horse-parsley, and and is thereby found to be hot and dry ; ai Wild-parsley, and the Black Pot-herb ; the singular herb for all inward wounds, exul- \ seed of it is that which is usually sold in cerated lungs, or other parts, either by itself, j apothecaries’ shops for Macedonion Pars- or boiled with other the like herbs; and j ley-seed. being drank, in a short time it eases all | Descript .] It is usually sown in all the griping pains, windy and choleric humours \ gardens in Europe, and sowell known, that in the stomach, spleen or belly ; helps the j it needs no farther description, yellow jaundice, by opening the stoppings \ Time.~\ It flowers in June and July; the of the gall and liver, and melancholy, by j seed is ripe in August, opening the stoppings of the spleen ; ex- | Government and virtues.~\ It is an herb of pels venom or poison, and also the plague ;! Jupiter, and therefore friendly to nature, it provokes urine and women’s courses; the I for it warms a cold stomach, and opens decoction of it in wine drank for some time j a stoppage of the liver and spleen; it is good together, procures ease to them that are \ to move womens’ courses, to expel the after- troubled with the sciatica, or hip-gout: asj birth, to break wind, to provoke urine and also the gout in hands, knees, or feet; if (helps the stranguary; and these things the you put to the decoction Some honey and | seeds will do likewise. If either of them a little burnt allum, it is excellently good to | be boiled in wine, or being bruised and gargle any sore mouth or throat, and to'taken in wine, is also effectual against the wash the sores and ulcers in the privy parts j biting of serpents. And you know what of man or woman ; it speedily helps green $ Alexander pottage is good for, that you wounds, being bruised and bound thereto. \ may no longer eat it out of ignorance but The juice of it boiled with a little honey {out of knowledge* and verdigrease, doth wonderfully cleanse j fistulas, ulcers, and stays the spreading or j eating of cancers and THE BLACK ALDER-TREE. _ _ _ j2 - ulcers; it helps j Dcscript.~\ This tree seldom grows to *the itch, scabs, wheals, and other breakings/ any great bigness, but for the most part AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. abideth like a hedge-bush, or a tree spread¬ ing its branches, the woods of the body being white, and a dark red colet or heart; the outward bark is of a blackish colour, with \ many whitish spots therein; but the inner \ bark next the wood is yellow, which being chewed, will turn the spittle near into a saf¬ fron colour. The leaves are somewhat like those of an ordinary Alder-treet or the \ Female Cornet, or Dogberry-tree, called in j Sussex Dog-wood, but blacker, and not so j long. The flowers are white, coming forth j with the leaves at the joints, which turn into j small round berries, first green, afterwards j red, but blackish when they are thorough! ripe, divided, as it were, into two parts, I wherein is contained two small round and ; flat seeds. The root runneth not deep into the ground, but spreads rather under the upper crust of the earth. Place.'] This tree or shrub may be found plentifully in St. John’s wood by Hornsey, and the woods upon Hampstead-Heath; as also a wood called the Old Park in Bar- comb in Essex, near the brook’s sides. Time.] It flowers in May, and the berries are ripe in September. Government and virtues.] It is a tree of Venus, and perhaps under the celestial sign Cancer. The inner yellow bark hereof purges downwards both clioler and phlegm, and the watery humours of such that have thedropsy, and strengthens the inward parts again by binding. If the bark hereof be boiled with Agrimony, Wormwood, Dodder, Hops and some Fennel, with Smallage, Endive, and Succory-roots j and a reason¬ able draught taken every morning for some 1 time together, it is very effectual against. 1 the jaundice, dropsy, and the evil disposition,! of the body, especially if some suitable] purging medicines have been taken before, i to void the grosser excrements: It purges \ and strengthens the liver and spleen, \ cleansing them from such evil humours and » hardness as they are afflicted with. It is | ( 2 .) to be understood that these things are per¬ formed by the dried bark; for the fresh green bark taken inwardly provokes strong vomitings, pains in the stomach, and grip- ings in the belly ; yet if the decoction may stand and settle two or three days, unti the yellow colour be changed black, it will not work so strongly as before, but will stiengthen the stomach, and procure an appetite to meat. The outward bark contrariwise do h bind the body, and is helpful for all la^ks and fluxes thereof, but this also must be dried first, whereby it will work the bet!er. The inner bark thereof boiled in vinegar ii an approved remedy to kill lice, to cure the itch, and take away scabs, by drying them up in a short time. It is singularly good to wash the teeth, to take away the pains, to fasten those that are loose, to cleanse them, and to keep them sound. The leaves are good fodder for kine, to make them give more milk. If in the Spring-time you use the herbs before mentioned, and will take but a hand¬ ful of each of them, and to them add an handful of Elder buds, and having bruised them all, boil them in a gallon of ordinary beer, when it is new; and having boiled them half an hour, add to this three gallons more, and let them work together, and drink a draught of it every morning, half a pint 8 THE COMPLETE HERBAL moist woods, and watry places; flowering \ three colours. And a certain ointment, ait in April or May, and yielding ripe seed in i ointment of the Apostles, because it consists September. * : of twelve ingredients : Alas, I am sorry for Government and virtues.'] It is a tree under j their folly, and grieved at their blasphemy, the dominion of Venus, and of some watry j God send them wisdom the rest of their sign or other, I suppose Pisces and there- j age, for they have their share of igno- fore the decoction, or distilled water of the j ranee already. Oh ! Why must ours be leaves, is excellent against burnings and in- j blasphemous, because the Heathens and flammations, either with wounds or without, 1 infidels were idolatrous? Certainly they to bathe the place grieved with, and espe- \ have read so much in old rusty authors, that dally for that inflammation in the breast, j they have lost all their divinity ; for unless which the vulgar call an ague If you cannot get the leaves (as in Winter it is impossible) make use ol the bark in the same manner. The leaves and bark of the Alder-tree are cooling, drying, and binding. The fresh leaves laid upon swellings dissolve them, and stay the inflammations. The leaves put under the bare feet galled with travell¬ ing, are a great refreshing to them. The said leaves gathered while the morning dew is on them, and brought into a chamber troubled with fleas, will gather them there¬ unto, which being suddenly cast out, will rid the chamber of those troublesome bed¬ fellows. \ ANGELICA. x To write a description of that which is so well known to be growing almost in every garden, I suppose is altogether needless ; yet for its virtue it is of admirable use. In time of Heathenism, when men had it were amongst the Ranters, I never read or heard of such blasphemy. The Heathens and infidels were bad, and ours worse; the lctolators give idolatrous names to herbs for their virtues sake, not for their fair looks; and therefore some called this an herb of the Holy Ghost; others more moderate call¬ ed it Angelica, because of its angelical virtues and that name it retains still, and all nations follow it so near as their dialect will permit. Government and virtues.] It is an herb of the Sun in Leo ; let it be gathered when he is there, the Moon applying to his good as¬ pect ; let it be gathered either in his hour, or in the hour of Jupiter, let Sol be angu- | lar ; observe the like in gathering the herbs, f of other planets, and you may happen to do wonders. In all epidemical diseases caused by Saturn, that is as good a preser¬ vative as grows: It resists poison, by de¬ fending and comforting the heart, blood, and spirits ; it doth the like against the found outan v excellent herb, they dedicated 1 plague and all epidemical diseases, if the it to their gods ; as the Bay-tree to Apollo, 1 root be taken in powder to the weight of the Oak to Jupiter, the Vine to Bacchus, the j half a dram at a time, with some good trea- Poplar to Hercules. These the idoiatois j cle in Carduus water, and the party there- following as the Patriarchs they dedicate to j upon laid to sweat in his bed ; if treacle be o. _ t ./].» an.:, ii _ *1 ; i_ _ i i i_ _ •. 1 _ • r\ ' __ their Saints; as our Lady’s Thistle to the> Blessed Virgin, St. John’s Wort to St. John, not to be had, take it alone in Card uus or Angelica-wafer. The stalks or roots ean- and another Wort to St, Peter, &c. Our j died and eaten fasting, are good preserve- physicians must imitate like apes (though j tives in time of infection ; and at other they cannot come off half so cleverly) for j times to warm and comfort a cold stomach, they blasphemously call Phansies or Hearts- » The root also steeped in vinegar, and a little ease, an herb oj the Trinity , because it is of.' of that vinegar taken sometimes fasting, and AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 9 the root smelled unto, is good for the same j it is called Flower Gentle, Flower Velure, purpose. A water distilled from the root 1 Floramor, and Velvet Flower, simply, as steeped in wine, and distilled in j Descript .It being a garden flower, and a glass, is much more effectual than the I well known to every one that keeps it, I water of the leaves; and this water, drank ! might forbear the description ; yet, not- two or three spoonfuls at a time, easetli all j withstanding, because some desire it, I shall pains and torments coming of cold and j give it. It runs up with a stalk a cubit wind, so that the body be not bound; and j high, streaked, and somewhat reddish to- taken with some of the root in powder at j ward the root, but very smooth, divided the beginning, helpeth the pleurisy, as also \ towards the top with small branches, among all other diseases of the lungs and breast,; which stand long broad leaves of a reddish as coughs, phthysic, and shortness of breath; j green colour, slippery ; the flowers are not and a syrup of the stalks do the like. It! properly flowers, but tuffs, very beautiful help's pains of the cholic, the stranguary and; to behold, but of no smell, of reddish colour; stoppage of the urine, procureth womens' j if you bruise them, they yield juice of the courses, and expelleth the after-birth, open- j same colour, being gathered, they keep their eth the stoppings of the liver and spleen,! beauty a long time; the seed is of a shining and briefly easeth and discusseth all windi-j black colour. ness and inward swellings. The decoction j Time .] They continue in flower from drank before the fit of an ague, that they! August till the time the frost nip them, may sweat (if possible) before the fit comes, \ Government and virtues .] It is under the will, in two or three times taking, rid it|dominion of Saturn, and is an excellent quite away ; it helps digestion and is a re- \ qualifier of the unruly actions and passions medy for a surfeit. The juice or the water j of Venus, though Mars also should join being dropped into the eyes or ears, helps j with her. The flowers dried and beaten dimness of sight and deafness; the juice! into powder, stop the terms in women, and put into the hollow teeth, easeth their pains, j so do almost all other red things. And by The root in powder, made up into a plaister \ the icon, or imageof every herb, the ancients with a little pitch, and laid on the biting of 5 at first found out their virtues. Modern mad dogs, or any other venomous creature, j writers laugh at them for it; but I wonder doth wonderfully help. The juice, or the; in my heart, how the virtues of herbs came water dropped, or tents wet therein, and puts at first to be known, if not by their sigua- into filthy dead ulcers, or the powder of the i tures ; the moderns have them from tne root (in want of either) doth cleanse and: writings of the ancients; the ancients had cause them to heal quickly, by covering the j no writings to have them from: but to pro- naked bones with flesh ; the distilled water i ceed. The flowers stop all fluxes of blood.; applied to places pained with the gout, or! whether in man or woman, bleeding either sciatic i, doth give a gre*y deal of ease. ! at the nose or wound. There is also a sort The wild Angelica is not so effectual as! of Amaranthus that bears a white flower, the garden; although it may be safely used \ which stops the whites in women, and the to all the purposes aforesaid. \ running of the reins in men, and is a most j gallant antivenereal, and a singular remedy amaranthus. j for the French pox. Pf^x 5 n . i l • i ‘ ANEMONE. Besides its common name, by which it; £, t , is best known by the florists of our days,; C a i.led also Wind Flower, because they 10 THE COMPLETE HERBAL ARRACHi WILD AND STINKING. Called also Vulvaria, from that part of say the flowers never open but when the j to the throat, or boiled, and in like manner wind blows. Pliny is m 3 7 author; if it ; applied, it matters not much, it isexcellently be not so, blame him. The seed also (if it!good for swellings in the throat: the best bears any at all) dies away with the wind, j'way, I suppose is to boil it, apply the Place and Time .] They are sown usually j herb outwardly: the decoction of it besides in the gardens of the curious, and flower in j is an excellent remedy for the yellow jaun- the Spring-time. As for description I shall j dice, pass it, being well known to all those that; sow them. 1 Government and virtues. ] It is under the : dominion of Mars, being supposed to be a! kind of Crow-foot. The leaves provoke [the body, upon which the operation is most; the terms mightily', being boiled, and the\also Dog’s Arrach, Goat’s Arrach, and decoction drank. The body being bathed \ Stinking Motherwort, with the decoction of them, cures the leprosy, j Descript.] This has small and almost The leaves being stamped and the juice; round leaves, y r et a little pointed and with- snuffed up in the nose, purges the head j out dent or cut, of a dusky mealy colour, mightily; so does the root, being chewed in j growing on the slender stalks and branches the mouth, for it procures much spitting,*: that spread on the ground, with small and brings away many watery and phi eg-: flowers set with the leaves, and small seeds matic humours, and is therefore excellent; succeeding like the rest, perishing yearly, for the lethargy. And when all is done, j and rising again with its own sowing. It let physicians prate what they please, all j smells like rotten fish, or something worse, the pills in the dispensatory purge not thej Place.~\ It grows usually upon dunghills, head like to hot things held in the mouth, \ Time.] They flower in June and July, Being made into an ointment, and the eye- j and their seed is ripe quickly after, lids anointed with it, it helps inflammations \ Government and virtues .] Stinking Arrach of the eyes, whereby it is palpable, that every j is used as a remedy to women pained, and stronger draws its weaker like. The samel almost strangled with the mother, by smell- ointment is excellently good to cleanse ma- {ing to it; but inwardly taken there is no lignant and corroding ulcers. 1 ’ " ’ ” GARDEN ARRACH.Aa Called also Orach, and cultivated for domestic uses. j better remedy under the moon for that dis- | ease. I would be large in commendation \ of this herb, were I but eloquent. It is an Arage ; it is j herb under the dominion of Venus, and un- 1 der the sign Scorpio ; it is common almost Descript. ] It is so commonly known to j upon every dunghill. The works of God every housewife, it were labour lost to de-;are freely given to man, his medicines are scribe it. \ common and cheap, and easily to be found. Time.] It flowers and seeds from June j I commend it for an universal medicine for to the end of August. ; the womb, and such a medicine as will Government and virtues .] It is under thej easily, safely, and speedily cure any disease government of the Moon; in quality cold I thereof j as the fits of the mother, disloca- and moist like unto her. It softens andjtion, or falling out thereof; cools the loosens the body of man being eaten, j womb being over-heated. And let m*e tell and fortifies the expulsive faculty in him. j you this, and I will tell you the truth, heat The herb, whether it be bruised and applied'of the womb is one of the greatest causes AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. II of hard labour in child-birth. It makes barren women fruitful. It cleanseth the womb if it be foul, and strengthens it ex | White Archangel hath divers square \ stalks, none standing straight upward, but \ bending downward, whereon stand two ceedingly ; it provokes the terms if they be * leaves at a joint, larger and more pointed stopped, and stops them if they flow immode- ; than the other, dented about the edges, and rately; you can desire no good to your \ greener also, more like unto Nettle leaves, womb, but this herb will affect it; there- j but not stinking, yet hairy. At the joints, fore if you love children, if you love health, \ with the leaves, stand larger and more open if you love ease, keep a syrup always by j gaping white flowers, husks round about you, made of the juice of this herb, and \ the stalks, but not with such a bush of leaves sugar, (or honey, if it be to cleanse the j as flowers set in the top, as is on the other, womb) and let such as be rich keep it fori wherein stand small roundish black seeds; their poor neighbours © and bestow it as i the root is white, with many strings at it, CllallgtJl , VVUCU1C1 tnuj lclll/Ul nun, twill niuu, ^Cijwug, ill superstition or folly, I leave to the \ yellow colour in most, in some paler. 5 reader. There is more curiosity 1 roots are like the white, only they ere The creep not freely as I bestow my studies upon them, or : not growing downward but lying under the else let them look to answer it another day, l upper crust of the earth, and abides many when the Lord shall come to make inquisi- j years increasing; this has not so strong a tion for blood. \ scent as the former. 1 Yellow Archangel is like the White in archangel. | d, e stalks ami leaves; but that the stalks To put a gloss upon their practice, the j are more straight and upright, and the joints physicians call an herb (which country peo- | with leaves are farther asunder, having lon- ple vulgarly know by the name of Dead j ger leaves than the former, and the flowers Nettle) Archangel; whether they favour j a little larger and more gaping, of a fair more of judicious than courtesy to my countrymen used by j so much under the ground, others in the explanation as well of the j .Place.] They grow almost every where, names, as description of this so well known | (unless it be in the middle of the street) the herb; which that I may not also be guilty of, j yellow most usually in the wet grounds of take this short description: first, of the Red 1 woods, and sometimes in the dryer, in divers Archangel. This is likewise called Bee \ counties of this nation. Nettle. 1 Time.] They flower from the beginning Descript.] This has divers square stalks, j of the Spring all the Summer long, somewhat hairy, at the joints whereof grow | Government and virtues.] The Archangels two sad green leaves dented about the edges, 1 are somewhat hot and drier than the sting- opposite to one another to the lowermost ling Nettles, and used with better success upon long foot stalks, but without any to- j for the stopping and hardness of the spleen, ward the tops, which are somewhat round, j than they, by using the decoction of the yet pointed, and a little crumpled and \ herb in wine, and afterwards applying the hairy ; round about the upper joints, where $ herb hot into the region of the spleen as a the leaves grow thick, are sundry gaping i plaister, or the decoction with spunges. flowers of a pale reddish colour; after which i Flowers of the White Archangel arc pre- come the seeds three or four in a husk, j served .or conserved to be used to stay the The root is small and thready, perishing j whites, and the flowers of the red to stay every year ;• the whole plant hath a strong $ the reds in women. It makes the heart scent but not stinking. f merry, drives away melancholy, quickens (2.) 12 THE COMPL] • • • , ' the spirits is good against quartan agues,: stancheth bleeding at mouth and nose, if it j be stamped and applied to the nape of the \ neck; the herb also bruised, and with some: salt and vinegar and hogVgrease, laid upon ! an hard tumour or swelling, or that vulgarly | called the king’s evil, do help to dissolve or \ discuss them ; and being in like manner: applied, cloth much allay the pains, and give; ease to the gout, sciatica, and other pains of the joints and sinews. It is also very effectual to heal green wounds, and old libers ; also to stay their fretting, gnawing and spreading. It draws forth splinters, and such like things gotten into the flesh, and is very good against bruises and bur¬ nings. But the yellow Archangel is most commended for old, filthy, corrupt sores and ulcers, yea although they grow to be hollow; and to dissolve tumours. The chief use of them is for women, it being an herb of Venus. AltSSMART. z ■ The hot Arssmart is called also Water- pepper, or Cubage. The mild Arssmart is called dead Arssmart Persicaria,or Peach- wort, because the leaves are so like the leaves of a peach-tree; it is also called Plumbago. Description of the mild.'] This has broad leaves set at the great red joint of the stalks; with semicircular blackish marks on them, usually either blueish or whitish, with such like seed following. The root is long, with many strings thereat, perishing yearly; this has no sharp taste (as another sort has, which is quick and biting) but rather sour like sorrel, or else a little drying, or without taste. Place.] It grows in watery places, ditches, and the like, which for the most part are dry in Summer. Time.] It flowers in June, and the seed is ripe in August. 3TE HERBAL Government and virtues.] As the virtue of both these is various, so is also their govern¬ ment; for that which is hot and biting, is under the dominion of Mars, but Saturn challenges the other, as appears by that leaden coloured spot he hath placed upon the leaf. It is of a cooling and drying quality, and very effectual for putrified ulcers in man or beast, to kill worms, and cleanse the j putrified places. The juice thereof dropped | in, or otherwise applied, consumes all cold | swellings, and dissolveth the congealed : blood of bruises by strokes, falls, &c. A 5 piece of the root, or some of the seeds ; bruised, and held to an aching tooth, takes iaway the pain. The leaves bruised and ! laid to the joint that has a felon thereon, | takes it away. The juice destroys worms : in die ears, being dropped into them ; if : the hot Arssmart be strewed in a chamber, ; it will soon kill all the fleas ; and the. herb | or juice of the cold Arssmart, put to a \ horse, or other cattle’s sores, will drive away j the fly in the hottest time of Summer; a | good handful of the hot biting Arssmart ; put under a horse’s saddle, will make him | travel the better, although he were half \ tired before. The mild Arssmart i c good \ against all imposthumes and inflammations i at the beginning, and to heal green wounds. \ All authors chop the virtues of both j sorts of Arssmart together, as men chop t herbs for the pot, when both of them are | of contrary qualities The hot Arssmart | grows not so high or tall as the mild doth, j but has many leaves of the colour, of : peach leaves, very seldom or never spotted ; { in other particulars it is like the former, but * may easily be known from it. if you will \ but be pleased to break a leaf of it cross j your tongue, for the hot will make your \ tongue to smart, but the cold will not. If : you see them both together, you may easily \ distinguish them, because the mild hath far | broader leaves. AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 13 \ choler, and therefore does much help pains ASA1 ^1,4 CCA ’ | in the hips, and other parts ; being boiled Descript- ] Asarabacca appears like \ in whey, the y wonderfully help the ob- an evergreen, keeping its leave* all the \ structions o f ' (‘he liver and spleen, and there- Winter, but putting forth new ones in the 1 fore profitable for the dropsy and jaundice: time of Spring. I t has many heads rising 1 being steeped in wine and drank, it helps from the roots, from whence come many 1 tliosecominualaguesthatcome by the plenty smooth leaves, every one upon his foot: of stubborn humours; an oil made thereof stalks, which are rounder and bigger than * by selling in the sun, with some laudanum Violet leaves, thicker also, and of a dark j added to it, provokes sweating, (the ridge green shining colour on the upper side, and Jof the back being anointed therewith) and of a pale yellow green underneath, little or j thereby drives away the shaking fits of the nothing dented about theedges, from among j ague. It will not abide any long boiling, which rise small, round, hollow, brown * for it loseth its chief strength thereby ; nor for the finer powder pro- and the coarser green husks, upon short stalks, about an; much beating, :-U L,«o. r) +VkA Lrinic infn VniTIltS r inch long, divided at the brims into five j vokes vomits and urine divisions, very like the cups or heads of j purgeth downwards. the Henbane seed, but that they are smaller:! The common use hereof is, to take the and these be all the flower it carries, which : juice of five or seven leaves in a little drink | to cause vomiting; the roots have also the same virtue, though they do not operate so forcibly; they are very effectual against the biting of serpents, and therefore are put as an ingredient both into Mithridite and are somewhat sweet, being smelled to and wherein, when they are ripe, is con¬ tained small cornered rough seeds, very like the kernels or stones of grapes or raisins. The roots are small and whitish spreading divers ways in the ground, in-j Venice treacle. The leaves and roots being creasing into divers heads; but not running j boiled in lye, and the head often washed or creeping under the ground, as some other j therewith while it is warm, comforts the creeping herbs do. They are somewhat i head and brain that is ill affected by taking sweet in smell, resembling Nardus, but] cold, and helps the memory, more when they are dry than green; and $ I shall desire ignoiant people to foibcar of a sharp and not unpleasant taste. 1 the use of the leaves ; the roots purge more Place.'] It grows frequently in gardens.: gently, and may prove beneficial to such as Time.] They keep their leaves green all! have cancers, or old putrified ulcers, or Winter; but shoot forth new in the Spring, j fistulas upon their bodies, lo take a dram and with them come forth those heads or* of them in powder in a quarter of a pint of flowers which give ripe seed about Mid-j white wine in the morning. The truth is, summer, or somewhat after. ? I fancy purging and vomiting medicines as Government and virtues.] It is a plant : little as any man breathing doth, for they under the dominion of Mars, and therefore; weaken nature, nor shall c\ei advise them inimical to nature. This herb being drank, > to be used, unless upon urgoit necessity, not only provokes vomiting, but purges $ If a physician be natuies seivant, it is his downward, and by urine also, purges both £ duty to strengthen his mistress as much as choler and flegm : If you add to it some! he can, and weaken hci as htde as may be. spikenard, with the whey of goat’s milk, or ] honeyed wa*er, it is made more strong, but | asparagus, SPA RAGUS, OR SPEEA6E it purges flegm more manifestly than ] Desadpt.] It rises up at first with divers 14 THE COMPLETE HERBAL white and green scaly heads, very brittle or i more than the wild, yet lat 1 e same easy to break while they are young, which \ effects in all the afoie-men lone lseases. afterwards rise up in very long and slender!The decoction of the ro»)t m y 1 e wine, green stalks of the bigness of an ordinary I and the back and be y a e erewi , riding wand, at the bottom of most, or j or kneeling or lying down in the same, or bigger, or lesser, as the roots are of growth; J sitting therein as a bat , as een oun on which are set divers branches of green 1 effectual against pains o tic r( ^ ms leaves shorter and smaller than fennel to the > bladder, pains of the mot er an c 10 ic, top ; at the joints whereof come forth small; and generally against all pains that happen yellowish flowers, which turn into round j to the lower parts ot the body, and no less berries, green at first, and of an excellent j effectual against stiff and benumbed sinews, red colour when they arc ripe, shewing like j or those that arc shrunk by cramps and bead or coral, wherein are contained ex- j convulsions, and helps the sciatica, ceeding hard black seeds, the roots are dis-j ASH • persed from a spongeous head into many $ • , long, thick, and round strings, wherein is j This is so well known, that time would sucked much nourishment out of the ground,; be raispent in writing a, description of it; and increaseth plentifully thereby. \ therefore I shall only insist upon the virtues PRICKLY ASPARAGUS, OR SFERAGE. j° G overnment an d virtues.'] It is gOVCmcd Descript .] This grows usually in gar- j by the Sun: and the young tender tops, dens, and some of it grows wild in Apple- j with the leaves taken inwardly, and some ton meadows in Gloucestershire, where the \ of them outwardly applied, are singularly poor people gather the buds of young | good against the bitings of viper, adder, or shoots, and sell them cheaper than our gar- ; any other venomous beast; and the water den Asparagus is sold in London. ; distilled therefrom being taken, a small Time .] For the most part they flower, j quantity every morning fasting, is a singular and bear their berries late in the year, or * medicine for those that are subject to drops}’, not at all, although they are housed in; or to abate the greatness ot those that are Winter. | too gross or fat. The decoction of the leaves Government and virtues. 1 They arc both;in white wine helps to break the stone, under the dominion of Jupiter. The young ; and expel it, and cures the jaundice. The buds or branches boiled in ordinary broth, * ashes of the bark of the Ash made into make the belly soluble and open, and boiled ! lyO, and those heads bathed therewith inwhite wine, provoke urine, being stopped, \ which are leprous, scabby, or scald, they and is good against the stranguary or diffi- j are thereby cured. The kernels within the culty of making water; it expelleth the j husks, commonly called Ashen Keys* pre¬ gravel and stone out of the kidneys, and i vail against slifehes and pains in the sides, nelpcth pains in the reins. And boiled in j proceeding of wind, and voide-th away the white wine or vinegar, it is prevalent for; stone by provoking urine, them that have their arteries loosened, or; I can justly except against none of all are troubled with the hip-gout or sciatica, j this, save only the first, viz * That Asli-tree The decoction of the roots boiled in wine \ tops and leaves are good against the bilings and taken, is good to clear the sight, and 1 of serpents and vipers. I suppose this had its being held in the mouth easeth the tooth- | rise from Gerrard or Pliny, both which hold, ache. The garden asparagus nourished! $,That there is such an antipathy between an AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 15 adder and an Ash-tree, that if an adder be j the most part, and their seed is ripe in July encompassed round with Ash-tree leaves, x at the farthest. she will sooner run through the fire than j Government and virtues.~\ It is governed through the leaves : The contrary to which j by Jupiter, and that gives hopes of a whole- is the truth, as both my eyes are witnesses, j some healthful herb. It is good for the dis- The rest are virtues something likely, only : eases of the chest or breast, for pains, and if it be in Winter when you cannot get the 1 stitches in the side, and to expel crude and leaves, you may safely use the bark instead \ raw humours from the belly and stomach, of them. The keys you may easily keep \ by the sweet savour and warming quality, all the year, gathering them when they are j It dissolves the inward congealed blood ripe. \ happening by falls or bruises, and the spit- \ ting of blood, if the roots, either green or A VE XS, CALLED ALSO COT.EWORT, AM i, » be yy ^ ^ drank ; as also herb bo net. J a ]| manner of inward wounds or outward. Descript .] The ordinary Avens hath \ if washed or bathed therewith. The de- many long, rough, dark green, winged ; coction also being drank, comforts the heart, leaves, rising from the root, every one made | and strengthens the stomach and a cold of many leaves set on each side of the mid- 1 brain, and therefore is good in the Spring die rib, the largest three whereof grow at 5 time to open obstructions of the liver, and the end, and are snipped or dented round \ helps the wind cholic; it also helps those about the edges; the other being small j that have fluxes, or are bursten, or have a pieces, sometimes two and sometimes four, ; rupture; it takes away spots or marks in standing on each side of the middle rib x the face, being washed therewith. The underneath them. Among which do rise | juice of the fresh root, or powder of the up divers rough or hairy stalks about two j dried root, has the same effect with the feet high, branching forth with leaves at \ decoction. * The root in the Spring-time every joint not so long as those below, but! steeped in wine, gives it a delicate savour almost as much cut in on the edges, some; and taste, and being drank fasting every into three parts, some into more. On the \ morning, comforts the heart, and is a tops of the branches stand small, pale, yel- j good preservative against the plague, or low flowers, consisting, of five leaves, like; any other poison. It helps indigestion, the dowers of Cinquefoil, but large, in the \ and warms a cold stomach, and? opens middle whereof stand a small green herb, \ obstructions of the liver and spleen, which when the dower is fallen, grows to I It is very safe : you need have no dose be round, being made of many long green-; prescribed ; and is very fit‘to be kept in ish purple seeds (like grains) which will \ every body’s house, stick upon your clothes. The root consists ; v v 4 - of many brownish strings or fibres, smelling; somewhat like unto cloves, especially those j This herb is so well known to be an in- which grow in the higher* hotter, and drier x habitant almost in every garden, that I shall grounds, and in free and clear air. ; not need to write any description thereof, Placed] They grow wild in many places j although its virtues, which are many, may under hedge’s sides, and by the path-ways \ not be omitted. in fields; yet they rather delight to grow in : Government and virtues .] It is an herb of shadowy than sunny places. ; Jupiter, and under Cancer, and strengthens Time.~\ They flower in May or June for';nature much in all its actions. Let a syrup ( 2 .) F 16 THE COMPLETE HERBAL made with the juice of it and sugar (as you ! is young, putting to it some sugar and rose- shall be taught at the latter end of this! water, is good for a woman in child-bed, book) be kept in every gentlewoman’s house j when the after-birth is not thoroughly to relieve the weak stomachs and sick bodies * voided, and for their faintmgs upon or in of their poor sickly neighbours"; as also j their sore travail. The herb bruised and the herb kept dry in the house, that so boiled in a little wine and oil, and laid warm with other convenient simples, you may 1 on a boil, will ripen it, and break it. make it into an electuary with honey, ac- j cording as the disease is you shall be taught | at the Fatter end of my book. The Arabian \ The shrub is so well known by every physicians have extolled the virtues thereof! boy and girl that has but attained to the to the skies ; although the Greeks thought \ age of seven years, that it needs no des¬ it not worth mentioning. Seraphio says, \ cription. it causes the mind and heart to become \ Government and virtues .] Mars owns the merry, and revives the heart, faintings and shrub, and presents it to the use of m3' swoonings, especially of such who are over¬ taken in sleep, and drives away all trou¬ blesome cares and thoughts out of the mind, arising from melancholy or black choler ; which Avicen also confirms. It is very good to help digestion, and open obstruc¬ tions of the brain, and hath so much purg¬ ing quality in it (saith Avicen) as to expel those melancholy vapours from the spirits and blood which are in the heart and arteries, although it cannot do so in other parts of the body. Dioscorides says, That the leaves steeped in wine, and the wine drank, and the leaves externally ap¬ plied, is a remedy against the stings of a scorpion, and the bitings of mad dogs ; and commends the decoction thereof for women to bathe or sit in to procure their j rind of the shrub, the flowers of broom courses ; it is good to wash aching teeth j and of heath, or furz, cleanse the body of therewith, and profitable for those that i choler by sympathy, as the flowers, leaves, have the bloody-flux. The leaves also, with j and bark of the peach-tree do by antipathy; a little nitre taken in drink, are good against * because these are under Mars, that under the surfeit of mushrooms, helps the griping ! Venus, pains of the belly ; and being made into an countrymen to purge their bodies of choler. The inner rind of the Barberry-tree boiled in white wine, and a quarter of a pint drank each morning, is an excellent remedy to cleanse the body of choleric humours, and free it from such diseases as choler causes, such as scabs, itch, tetters, ringworms, yel¬ low jaundice, boils, &c. It is excellent for hot agues, burnings, scaldings, heat of the blood, heat of the liver, bloody-flux; for the berries are as good as the bark, and more pleasing: they get a man a good stomach to his victuals, by strengthening the attractive faculty which is under Mars. The hair washed with the lye made of the tree and water, will make it turn yellow, of Mars’ own colour. The fruit and viz. BARLEY. ■» The continual usefulness hereof hath electuary, it is good for them that cannot fetch their breath : Used with salt, it takes away wens, kernels, or hard swellings in j made all in general so acquainted herewith, the flesh or throat; it cleanses foul sores,; that it is altogether needless to describe it, and eases pains of the gout. It is good * several kinds hereof plentifully growing, for the liver and spleen. A tansy or caudle \ being yearly sown in this land. The virtues made with eggs, and juice thereof while it' thereof take as follow. AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 17 Government and virtues.'] It is a notable : two leaves at every joint, which are some- plant of Saturn: if you view diligently its ; what broad and round, yet pointed, ot a effects by sympathy and antipathy, you* pale green colour, but fresh; a little-snipp- inay easily perceive a reason of them ; as \ ed about the edges, and of a strong healthy also why barley bread is so unwholesome j scent. The flowers are small and white, for melancholy people. Barley in all the : and standing at the tops of the branches, parts and compositions thereof (except : with two small leaves at the joints, in some malt) is more cooling than wheat, and a lit-; places green, in others brown, alter which tie cleansing: And all the preparations j come black seed. The root perishes at thereof, as barley-water and other things ; the approach of Winter, and therefore must made thereof, give great nourishment to \ be new sown every year, persons troubled with fevers, agues, and ! Place.] It grows in gardens, heats in the stomach : A poultice made of j Time.] It must be sowed late, and flowers barley meal or Hour boiled in vinegar and j in the heart of Summer, being a very tender honey, and a few dry figs put into them, j plant. dissolves all imposthumes, and assuages: Government and virtues.] This is the herb inflammations, being thereto applied. And ; which all authors are together by the ears being boiled with melilot and camomile- j about, and rail at one another (like lawyers.) flowers, and some linseed, fenugreek, and $ Galen and Dioscorides hold it not fit to be rue in powder, and applied warm, it eases: taken inwardly; and Chrysippus rails at it pains in side and stomach, and windiness : with downright Billingsgate rhetoric; Pliny, of the spleen. The meal of barley and j and the Arabian physicians, defend it. fleawort boiled in water, and made a poul- [ For my own part, I presently found tice with honey and oil of lilies applied j that speech true; warm, cures swellings, under the eais, 5 j^ Qn nos i r ' mm j n f er vos tantas componere lites. throat, neck, and such like; and a plaister \ made thereof with tar, with sharp vinegar: And away to 5 Dr. Reason went I, who told into a poultice, and laid on hot, helps the: me it was an herb of ivlars, and under the leprosy; being boiled in red wine with \ Scorpion, and perhaps therefore called pomegranate rinds, and myrtles, stays \ Basilicon, and it is no marvel if it carry the lask or other flux of the belly; boiled!a kind of virulent quality with it. Being with vinegar and quince, it eases the pains: applied to the place bitten by venomous of the gout; barley-flour, white salt, honey,; beasts, or stung by a wasp or hornet, it and vinegar mingled together, takes away j speedily draws the poison to it; Every like the itch speedily and certainly. The water: draws his like. Mizaldus affirm*, that, distilled from the green barley in the end of being laid to rot in horse-dung,^it will breed May, is very good for those that have de¬ ductions of humours fallen into their eyes, and eases the pain, being dropped into them: or white bread steeped therein, and bound on the eyes, does the same. 11 GARDEN BAZIL, OR SWEET BAZIL. Deseript.] The greater or ordinary Bazil rises up usually with one upright stalk, diversly branching forth on all sides, with venomous beasts. Ililarius, a French phy¬ sician, affirms upon his own knowledge, that an acquaintance of his, bv common smelling to it, had a scorpion bred in his brain. Something is the matter ; this herb and rue will not grow together, no, nor near one another: and we know rue is as great an enemy to poison a« any that grows. To conclude: It expels both birth and after-birth; and as it helps the deficiency 18 THE COMPLETE HERBAL THE BAY TREE. U- - of Venus in one kind, so it spoils all her ac- i leaves also work the like effects. A bath of { tions in another. I dare write no more of it.! the decoction of the leaves and berries, is singularly good for women to sit in, that are troubled with the mother, or the diseases This is so well known that it needs no j thereof, or the [stoppings of their courses, description : I shall therefore only write l or for the diseases of the bladder, pains in the virtues thereof, which are many. : the bowels by wind and stopping of the Government and 'virtues .] I shall but only j urine. A decoction likewise of equal parts add a word or two to what my friend has \ of Bay-berries, cummin seed, hyssop, ori- written, viz. that it is a tree of the sun, and j ganum, and eunhorbium, with some honey, under the celestial sign Leo, and resists j and the head ''bathed therewith, wonder- witchcraft very potently, as also all the evils j fully helps distillations and rheums, and old Saturn can do to the body of man, and 1 settles the pallate of the mouth into its they are not a few; for it is the speech of; place. The oil made of the berries is very one, and I am mistaken if it were not $ comfortable in all cold griefs of the joints, Mizaldus, that neither witch nor devil,; nerves, arteries, stomach, belly, or womb} thunder nor lightning, will hurt a man in j and helps palsies, convulsions, cramp, the place where a Bay-tree is. Galen said, j aches, tremblings, and numbness in any that the leaves or bark do dry and heal j part, weariness also, and pains that come very much, and the berries more than the \ by sore travelling. All griefs and pains leaves; the bark of the root is less sharp 1 proceeding from wind, either in the head, and hot, but more bitter, and hath some j stomach, back, belly, or womb, by anointing astriction withal whereby it is effectual to \ the parts affected therewith : And pains in break the stone, and good to open obstruc- j the ears are also cured by dropping in some tions of the liver, spleen, and other inward jof the oil, or by receiving into the ears the parts, which bring the jaundice, dropsy, \ fume of the decoction of the berries through &c. The berries are very effectual against | a funnel. The oil takes away the marks or all poison of venomous creatures, and the \ the skin and flesh by bruises, falls, &c. and sting of wasps and bees ; as also against the 1 dissolves the congealed blood in them. It pestilence, or other infectious diseases, and 1 helps also the itch, scabs, and weals in therefore put into sundry treacles for that the skin, purpose; They likewise procure women’s I courses, and seven of them given to a wo- \ beans. man in sore travail of child-birth, do cause j Both the garden and field beans arc so a speedy delivery, and expel the after birth, j well known, that it saves me the labour or and therefore not to be taken by such as have \ writing any description of them. The vir- not gone out their time, lest they procure j tucs follow. abortion, or cause labour too soon. They $ Government and virtues .] They are plants wonderfuUy help all cold and rheumatic \ of Venus, and the distilled water of the distillations from the brain to the eyes, j flower of garden beans is good to clean the lungs or other parts ; and being made into j face and skin from spots and wrinkles, and an electuary with honey, do help the con- j the meal or flour of them, or the small beans sumption, old coughs, shortness of breath ,} doth the same. The water distilled from and thin rheums; as also the megrim. They j the green husks, is held to be very effectual mightily expel the wind, and provoke urine; j against the stone, and to provoke urine, help the mother, and kill the worms. The; Bean flour is used in poultices to assuage AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED, 19 inflammations arising from wounds, and the swelling of women's breasts caused by the curdling of their milk, and represses Aheir milk; Flour of beans and Fenugreek mixed with honey, and applied to felons, boils, bruises, or blue marks by blows, or the imposthumes in the kernels of the ears, helps them all, and with Rose leaves, Frankincense and the white of an egg, being applied to the eyes, helps them that are swollen or do water, or have received any blow upon them, if used with wine. If a bean be parted in two, the skin being taken away, and laid on the place where the leech hath been set that bleeds too much, stays the bleeding. Bean flour boiled to a poul¬ tice with wine and vinegar, and some oil put thereto, eases both pains and swelling of the privities. The husks boiled in water to the consumption of a third part thereof, stays a lask ; and the ashes of the husks, made up with old hog's grease, helps the old pains, contusions, and wounds of the sinews, the sciatica and gout. The field beans have all the aforementioned virtues as the garden beans. Beans eaten are extremely windy meat; but. if after the Dutch fashion, when they are half boiled you husk them and then stew them, (I cannot tell you how, for I never was a cook in all my life) they are wholesome food. FRENCH BEANS.l. iv. Descript .] This French or Kidney Bean arises at first but with one stalk, which afterwards divides itself’ into many arms or branches, but all so weak that if they be not sustained with sticks or poles, they will be fruitless upon the ground. At several places of these branches grow foot stalks, each with three broad round and pointed green leaves at the end of them ; towards the top comes forth divers flowers made like to pease blossoms, of the same colour for the most part that the fruit will be of; that (3.) j is to say, white, yellow, red, blackish, or of \ a deeper purple, but white is the most usual; j after which come long and slender flat pods, | some crooked, some straight, with a string \ running down the back thereof, wherein is I flattish round fruit made like a kidney ; the | root long, spreads with many strings an- I nexed to it, and perishes every year. There is another sort of French beans | commonly growing with us in this land, \ which is called the Scarlet flower Bean. \ This rises with sundry branches as the | other, but runs higher, to the length of hop- j poles, about which they grow twining, but | turning contrary to the sun, having foot- \ stalks with three leaves on each, as on the pother; the flowers also are like the other, \ and of a most orient scarlet colour. The | Beans are larger than the ordinary kind, \ of a dead purple colour turning black when \ ripe and dry ; the root perishes in Winter. Government and virtues .] These also be¬ long to Dame Venus, and being dried and ! beat to powder, are as great strengthened \ of the kidneys as any are; neither is there \ a better remedy than it; a dram at a time i taken in while wine to prevent the stone, or j to cleanse the kidneys of gravel or stoppage. | The ordinary French Beans are of an easy i digestion; they move the belly, provoke | urine, enlarge the breast that is straight- \ ened with shortness of breath, engender | sperm, and incite to venery. And the scar- j let coloured Beans, in regard of the glori- j ous beauty of their colour, being set near | a quickset hedge, will much adorn the \ same, by climbing up thereon, so that they | may be discerned a great way, not without | admiration of the beholders at a distance. I But they will go near to kill the quicksets \ by cloathing them in scarlet. LADIES BED-STRAW. Pw, Besides the common name above writ- l ten, it is called Cheese-RennQt, because it | performs the same office, as also Gallion, G 20 THE COMPLETE HERBAL. Petti mugget, and Maiden-hair; and by some \ oil, by being set in the sun, and changed Wild Rosemary. \ after it has stood ten or twelve days; or Descript. J This rises lip with divers } into an ointment being boiled in Axunga, small brown, and square upright stalks, a \ or sallad oil, with some wax melted therein, yard high or more; sometimes branches j after it is strained; either the oil made forth into divers parts, full of joints, and j thereof, or the ointment, do help burnings with divers very fine small leaves at every j with fire, or scalding with water. The one of them, little or nothing rough at all;; same also, or the decoction of the herb and at the tops of the branches grow many long \ flower, is good to bathe the feet of travellers tufts or branches of yellow flowers very \ and lacquies, whose long running causes thick set together, from the several joints; weariness and stiffness in the sinews and which consist of four leaves a piece, which ! joints. If the decoction be used warm, and smell somewhat strong, but not unpleasant. 1 the joints afterwards anointed with oint- The seed is small and black like poppy; ment, it helps the dry scab, and the itch seed, two for the most part joined together : \ in children ; and the herb with the white The root is reddish, with many small threads | flower is also very good for the sinews. fastened to it, which take strong hold of \ arteries, and joints, to comfort and strengthen the ground, and creep a little: and the;them after travel, cold, and pains, branches leaning a little down to the ground, j take root at the joints thereof, whereby it j is easily encreased. There is another sort of Ladies Bed straw growing frequently in England, which beets. Of Beets there are two sorts, which are best known generally, and whereof I shall principally treat at this time, viz. the white bears white flowers as the other doth yel-j and red Beets, and their virtues, low ; but the branches of this are so weak, * Descript.] The common white Beet has that unless it be sustained by the hedges,; many great leaves next the ground, some- or other things near which it grows, it will \ what large and of a whitish green colour, lie down to the ground ; the leaves a little ; The stalk is great, strong, and ribbed, bear- bigger than the former, and the flowers not j ing great store of leaves upon it, almost to so plentiful as these; and the root hereof is \ the very top of it: The flowers grow in also thready and abiding. \ very long tufts, small at the end, and turn- Place.] They grow in meadows and pas- 5 ing down their heads, which are small, pale tures both wet and dry, and by the hedges.; greenish, yellow buds, giving cornered Time.] They flower in May for the most; prickly seed. The root is great, long, and part, and the seed is ripe in July and $ hard, and when it has given seed is of no August. : use at all. Government and virtues.] They are both * The common red Beet differs not from herbs of Venus, and therefore strengthening j the white, but only it is less, and the leaves the parts both internal and external, which \ and the roots are somewhat red ; the leaves she rules. The decoction of the former of 1 are differently red, some only with red stalks those being drank, is good to fret and break \ or veins; some of a fresh red, and others the stone, provoke urine, stays inward: of a dark red. The root thereof is red, bleeding', and heals inward wounds. The j spungy, and not used to be eaten, herb or flower bruised and put into the j Government and virtues.] The government nostrils, stays their bleeding likewise : \ of these two sorts of Beets are far different; The flowers and herbs being made into an \ the red Beet being under Saturn and the AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 21 the; branches, being round bellied and open at ['he j the brims, and divided into two parts, the ■» ■*-» rl ? n -k-v rvo f r\r»i /~v> I i I y O li f rl n /i i white under Jupiter; therefore take virtues of them apart, each by itself. The white Beet much loosens the belly, and j uppermost being like a hood, and the lower- of a cleansing, digesting quality, and most like a hip hanging down, of a dark red colour, which passing there comes in their places small round heads with small points at the ends, wherein lie small and is provokes urine obstructions both and is pood for the O The juice of it opens of the liver and spleen, head-ache and swim¬ mings therein, and turnings of the brain ; j brownish seeds ; the root is a thick bush of and is effectual also against all venomous $ strings and shreds, growing from the head, creatures; and applied to the temples, 1 Place.] It grows by the ditch side, stays inflammations in the eyes; it helps \ brooks, and other water-courses, generally burnings, being used with oil, and with a \ through this land, and is seldom found far little alum put to it, is good for St. An- j from the water-side. thony's fire. It is good for all wheals,| Time.] It flowers about July, and the pushes, blisters, and blains in the skin : the j seed is ripe in August, herb boiled, and laid upon chilblains or; Government and virtues.] Water Betony kibes, helps them. The decoction thereof is an herb of Jupiter in Cancer, and is ap- in water and some vinegar, heals the itch, ij propriated more to wounds and hurts in the if bathed therewith; and cleanses the head j breasts than Wood Betony, which follows ; of dandruff, scurf, and dry scabs, and does; It is an excellent remedy for sick hogs. It much good for fretting and running sores, j is of a cleansing quality. The leaves bruised ulcers, and cankers in the head, legs, or j and applied are effectual for all old and filthy other parts, and is much commended against j ulcers ; and especially if the juice of the baldness and shedding the hair. leaves be 'boiled with a little honey, and The red Beet is good to stay the bloody-1 dipped therein, and the sores dressed there- flux, women's courses, and the whites, and > with; as also for bruises and hurts, whether to help the yellow jaundice; the juice of \ inward or outward. The distilled water of the root put into the nostrils, purges the j the leaves is used for the same purpose; as head, helps the noise in the ears, and the \ also to bathe the face and hands spotted or tooth-ache; the juice snuffed up the nose, j blemished, or discoloured by sun burning, helps a stinking breath, if the cause lie in * I confess I do not much fancy distilled the nose, as many times it does, if any bruise j waters, I mean such waters as are distilled has been there : as also want of smell \ cold ; some virtues of the herb they may coming that way. * haply have (it were a strange thing else;) | but this I am confident of, that being dis- | tilled in a pewter still, as the vulgar and Called also Brown-wort, and in York-; apish fashion is, both chemical oil and salt shire, Bishop's-leaves. \ is left behind unless you burn them, and Descript.] First, of the Water Betony, j then all is spoiled, water and all, which was which rises up with square, hard, greenish j good for as little as can be by such a dis- stalks, sometimes brown, set with broad \ dilation, dark green leaves dented about the edges j with notches somewhat resembling the leaves j of the Wood Betony, but much larger too, | Descript.] Common or Wood Betony for the most part set at a joint. The flowers j has many leaves rising from the root, are many, set at the tops of the stalks and * which are somewhat broad and round at WATER BETONY. against the stinging and biting of venomous among other virtues saith of it, that it pre-* serpents, or mad dogs, being used inward y serves the liver and bodies of men from \ and applied outwardly to the place, the danger of epidemical diseases, and from i dram ot the powder of Betony taken wit witchcraft also; it helps those that loath j a little honey in some vinegar, does won- and cannot digest their meat, those that; derfully refresh those that are over wearied have weak stomachs and sour belchings, or j by travelling. It stays bleeding at the mouth continual rising in their stomachs, using it i or nose, and helps those that void or spit familiarly either green or dry ; either the 1 blood, and those that are bursten or have herb, or root, or the flowers, in broth, drink, j a rupture, and is good for such as are or meat, or made into conserve, syrup, j bruised by any fall or otherwise. The water, electuary, or powder, as every one j green herb bruised, or the juice applied to may best frame themselves unto, or as the \ any inward hurt, or outward green wound time and season requires; taken any of $ in the head or body, will quickly heal and the aforesaid ways, it helps the jaundice, 1 close it up ; as also any veins or sinews that falling sickness* the palsy, convulsions, or; are cut, and will draw forth any broken shrinking of the sinews, the gout and those; bone or splinter, thorn or other things got that are inclined to dropsy, those that have j into the flesh. It is no less profitable for continual pains in their heads, although it j old sores or filthy ulcers, yea, tho’ they be turn to phrensy. The powder rnixefl with j fistulous and hollow. But some do advise A AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 28 applied with a little hog’s lard, it helps a 5 to put a little salt for this purpose, being ! The water that is found in the hollow places ot decaying Beeches will cure both man and beast ot any scurf, or running tetters, it they be washed therewith; you may boil the leaves into a poultice, or make an oint¬ ment ot them when time of year serves. plague sore, and other boils and pushes. . The fumes of the decoction while it is \ warm, received by a funnel into the ears, j eases the pains of them, destroys the \ worms and cures the running sores in j them. The juice dropped into them does \ the same. The root of Betony is displeas- \ ing both to the taste and stomach, whereas \ the leaves and flowers, by their sweet and \ spicy taste, are comfortable both to meat \ and medicine. \ These are some of the many virtues ; Anthony Muse, an expert physician, (for it \ was not the practice of Octavius Cesar to i keep fools about him) appropriates to i Betony; it is a very precious herb, that is { certain, and most fitting to be kept in a j man’s house, both in syrup, conserve, oil, \ ointment and plaister. The flowers are 5 usually conserved. I THE BEECII TREE. 1 In treating of this tree, you must under- ; stand, that I mean the green mast Beech, j which is by way of distinction from that 1 other small rough sort, called in Sussex the j smaller Beech, but in Essex Horn-bean. j I suppose it is needless to describe it, \ ’being already too well known to my coun- ; try men. j Place .] It grows in woods amongst oaks and other trees, and in parks, forests, and : chases, to feed deer; and in other places to \ fatten swine. \ Time:] It blooms in the end of April, or beginning of May, for the most part, ! and the fruit is ripe in September. * Government and virtues. ] It is a plant of \ Saturn, and therefore performs his qualities \ and proportion in these operations. The I leaves of the Beech tree are cooling and j binding, and therefore good to be applied l to hot swellings to discuss them; the nuts i do much nourish such beasts as feed thereon. I ( 3 .) BILBERRIES, CALLED BY SOME WII0RTS, AND WHORTLE-BERRIES. ^ 3. Descript .] Of these I shall only speak of two sorts which are common in England, viz. The black and red berries. And first of the black. The small bush creeps along upon the ground, scarcely rising half a yard high, with divers small green leaves set in the green branches, not always one against the other, and a little dented about the edges: At iheibot of the leaves come forth small, hollow, pale, bluish coloured flowers, the brims ending at five points, with a reddish thread in the middle, which pass into small round berries of the bigness and colour of juniper berries, but of a purple, sweetish sharp taste; the juice of them gives a purplish colour in their hands and lips that eat and handle them, especially if they break them. The root grows aslope under ground, shooting forth in sundry places as it creeps. This looses its leaves in Winter. The Red Bilberry, or Whortle-Bush, rises up like the former, having sundry hard leaves, like the Box-tree leaves, green and round pointed, standing on the several branches, at the top whereof only, and not from the sides, as in the former, come forth divers round, reddish, sappy berries, when they are ripe, of a sharp taste. The root runs in the ground, as in the former, but the leaves of this abide all Winter. Place.] The first grows in forests, on the heaths* and such like barren places: the red grows in the north parts of this land, as Lancashire, Yorkshire, &e. Time.'] They flower in March and April, ii 24 THE COMPLETE HERBAL and the fruit of the black is ripe in July and August. Government oncl virtues .] They are under the dominion of Jupiter. It is a pity they are used no more in physic than they are. The black Bilberries are good in hot agues and to cool the heat of the liver and stomach; they do somewhat bind the belly, and stay vomitings and loathings ; the juice of the berries made in a syrup, or the pulp made into a conserve with sugar, is good for the purposes aforesaid, as also for an old cough, or an ulcer in the lungs, or other diseases therein. The Red Worts are more binding, and stop women’s courses, spitting of blood, or any other flux of blood or humours, being used as well outwardly as inwardly. BIFOIL, OR TWABLADE. J Descript. ] This small herb, from a root somewhat sweet, shooting downward many long strings, rises up a round green stalk, bard or naked next the ground for an inch, two or three to the middle thereof as it is in age or growth ; as also from the middle up¬ ward to the flowers, having only two broad plaintain-like leaves (but whiter) set at the middle of the stalk one against another, compassing it round at the bottom of them. Place.] It is an usual inhabitant in woods, copses, and in many places in this land. There is another sort grows in wet grounds and marshes, which is somewhat different from the former. It is a smaller plant, and greener, having sometimes three leaves; the spike of the flowers is less than the former, and the roots of this do run or creep in the ground. They are often used by many to good purpose for wounds, both green and old, to consolidate or knit ruptures ; and well it may, being a plant of Saturn. THE BIRCH TREE. Descript.] This grows a goodly tall strait tree, fraught with many boughs, and slender branches bending downward: the old being covered with discoloured chapped bark, and the younger being browner by much. The leaves at the first breaking out are crumpled, and afterwards like the beech leaves, but smaller and greener, and dented about the edges. It bears small short cat-skins, somewhat like those of the hazel¬ nut-tree, which abide on the branches a long time, until growing ripe, they fall on the ground, and their seed with them. Place.] It usually grows in woods. Government and virtues.] It is a tree of Venus; the juice of the leaves, while they are young, or the distilled water of them, or the water that comes from the tree being bored with an auger, and distilled after¬ wards ; any of these being drank for some days together, is available to break the stone in the kidneys and bladder, and is good also to wash sore mouths. bird’s foot* £3 This small herb grows not above a span high with many branches spread upon the ground, set with many wings of small leaves. The flowers grow upon the branches, many small ones of a pale yellow colour being set a head together, which afterwards turn into small jointed cods, well resemb¬ ling; the claw of small birds, whence it took its name. There is another sort of Bird’s Foot in all things like the former, but a little larger; the flower of a pale whitish red colour, and the cods distinct by joints like the other, but a little more crooked; and the roots do carry many small white nots or kernels amongst the strings. Place.] These grow on heaths, and many open untilled places of this land. Time.] They flower and seed in the end of Summer. Government and virtues.] They belong to Saturn, and are of a drying, binding quality,. AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 25 and thereby very good to be used in wound i drinks ; as also to apply outwardly for the j same purpose. But the latter Bird's Foot \ is found by experience to break the stone j in the back or kidneys, and drives them * forth, if the decoction thereof be taken; and it wonderfully helps the rupture, be¬ ing taken inwardly, and outwardly applied [ to the place. 5 All salts have best operations upon the | stone, as ointments and plaisters have upon wounds: and therefore you may make a $ salt of this for the stone; the way how to \ do so may be found in my translation of the \ London Dispensatory; and it may be I i may give you it again in plainer terms at i the latter end of this book. \ s % BISHOP’S-WEED. /• U ■ *- } \ Besides the common name Bishop- 1 weed, it is usually known by the Greek \ name Ammi and Ammois; some call it j .Ethiopian Cummin-seed, and others Cum- \ min-royal, as also Herb William, and Bull- j wort. j Descript .] Common Bishop's-weed rises ? up with a round straight stalk, sometimes 1 as high as a man, but usually three or four \ feet high, beset with divers small, long and I somewhat broad leaves, cut in some places, \ and dented about the edges, growing one \ against another, of a dark green colour, $ having.sundry branches on them, and at the j top small umbels of white flowers, which ; turn into small round seeds little bigger than 5 parsley seeds, of a quick hot scent and \ a taste; the root is white and stringy; perish- j ing yearly, and usually rises again on its | own sowing. ; Place .It grows wild in many places in j England and Wales, as between Green- \ hithe and Gravesend. \ Government and virtues .} It is hot and \ dry in the third degree, of a bitter taste, j and somewhat sharp withal; it provokes j lust to purpose; I suppose Venus owns it. j It digests humours, provokes urine and women's courses, dissolveth wind, and being taken in wine it eases pain and griping in the bowels, and is good against the biting of serpents; it is used to good effects in those medicines which are given to hinder the poisonous operation of Cantharides, upon the passage of the urine: being mixed with honey and applied to black and blue marks, coming of blows or bruises, it takes them away; and being drank or outwardly applied, it abates an high colour, and makes it pale; and the fumes thereof taken with rosin or raisins, cleanses the mother. BISTORT, OR SNAKEWEED. 6 <*- U- It is called Snakeweed, English Serpen¬ tary, Dragon-wort, Osterick, and Passions. Descript.~\ This has a thick short knobbed root, blackish without, and somewhat red¬ dish within, a little crooked or turned together, of a hard astringent taste, with divers black threads hanging there, from whence spring up every year divers leaves, standing upon long footstalks, being some¬ what broad and long like a dock leaf, and a little pointed at the ends, but that it is of a bluish green colour on the upper side, and of an ash-colour grey, and a little pur¬ plish underneath, with dicers veins therein, from among which rise up divers small and slender stalks, two feet high, and almost naked and without leaves, or with a very few, and narrow, bearing a spikey bush of pale-coloured flowers; which being past, there abides small seed, like unto sorrel seed, but greater. There are other sorts of Bistort growing © © in this land, but smaller, both in height, root, and stalks, and especially in the leaves. The root blackish without, and somewhat whitish within; of an austere binding taste, as the former. Placed] They grow in shadowy moist woods, and at the foot of hills, but arc 26 THE COMPLETE HERBAL chiefly nourished up in gardens. The nar¬ row leafed Bistort grows in the north, in Lancashire, Yorkshire, and Cumberland. Time.] They flower about the end of May, and the seed is ripe about the begin¬ ning of July. Government and virtues .] It belongs to Saturn, and is in operation cold and dry ; both the leaves and roots have a powerful faculty to resist all poison. The root in powder taken in drink expels the venom of the plague, the small-pox, measels, pur¬ ples, or any other infectious disease, driv¬ ing it out by sweating. The root in powder, the decoction thereof in wine being drank, stays all manner of inward bleeding, or spitting of blood, and any fluxes in the body of either man or woman, or vomiting. It is also very available against ruptures, or burstings, or all bruises from falls, dissolv¬ ing the congealed blood, and easing the pains that happen thereupon ; it also helps the jaundice. The water distilled from both leaves and roots, is a singular remedy to wash any place bitten or stung by any venomous creature; as also for any of the purposes before spoken of, and is very good to wash any running sores or ulcers. The decoction of the root in wine being drank, hinders abortion or miscarriage in child-bearing. The leaves also kill the worms in children, and is a great help to them that cannot keep their water; if the juice of plaintain be added thereto, and outwardly applied, much helpeth the ghonorrhea, or running of the reins. A dram of the powder of the root taken in water thereof, wherein some red hot iron or steel hath been quenched, is also an admirable help thereto, so as the body be first prepared and purged from the of¬ fensive humours. The leaves, seed, or roots are all very good in decoctions, drinks or lotions, for inward or outward wounds, or other sores. And the powder strewed upon any cut or wound in a vein, stays the immoderate bleeding thereof. The decoc¬ tion of the root in water, where unto some pomegranate peels and flowers are added, injected into the matrix, stays the immo¬ derate flux of the courses. The root there¬ of with pelitory of Spain, and burnt allum y of each a little quantity, beaten small and into paste with some honey, and a little piece thereof put into an hollow tooth, or held between the teeth, if there be no hol¬ lowness in them, stays the deduction of rheum upon them which causes pains, and helps to cleanse the head, and void much offensive water. The distilled water is very effectual to wash sores or cankers in the nose, or any other part; if the powder of the root be applied thereunto afterwards. It is good also to fasten the gums, and to take away the heat and inflammations that happen in the jaws, almonds of the throat, or mouth, if the decoction of the leaves, roots, or seeds bruised, or the juice of them be applied ; but the roots are most effectual to the purposes aforesaid. ONE-BLADE. Descript.] This small plant never bears more than one leaf, but only when it rises up with its stalk, which thereon bears another, and seldom more, which are of a blueish green colour, broad at the bottom, and pointed with many ribs or veins like plaintain ; at the top of the stalk grow many small flowers star-fashion, smelling somewhat sweet; after which comes small reddish berries when they are ripe. The root small of the bigness of a rush, lying and creeping under the upper crust of the earth, shooting forth in divers places. Place.] It grows in moist, shadowy, grassy places of woods, in many places of this realm. Time.] It flowers about May, and the berries are ripe in June, and then quickly perishes, until the next year it springs from the same again. AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 27 Government and virtues .] It is an herb of the Sun, and therefore cordial; half a dram, or a dram at most, of the root hereof in powder taken in wine and vinegar, of each a little quantity, and the party presently laid to sweat, is held to be a sovereign remedy for those that are infected with the plague, and have a sore upon them, by ex¬ pelling the poison, and defending the heart and spirits from danger. It is also accounted a singular good wound herb, and therefore used with other herbs in making such balms as are necessary for curing of wounds, either green or old, and especially if the nerves be hurt. THE BRAMBLE, OR BLACK-BERRY BUSH. It is so well known that it needs no description. The virtues thereof are as follows. Government and virtues .] It is a plant of Venus in Aries. If any ask the reason why Venus is so prickly? Tell them 'tis because she is in the house of Mars. The buds, leaves, and branches, while they are green, are of a good use in the ulcers and putrid sores of the mouth and throat, and of the quinsey, and likewise to heal other fresh wounds and sores; but the flowers and fruits unripe are very binding, and so profitable for the bloody flux, lasks, and are a fit remedy for spitting of blood. Either the decoction of the powder or of the root taken, is good to break or drive forth gravel and the stone in the reins and kidneys. The leaves and brambles, as well green as dry, are exceeding good lotions for sores in the mouth, or secret parts. The decoction of them, and of the dried branches, do much bind the belly and are good for too much flowing of women's courses; the berries of the flowers are a powerful remedy against the poison of the most venomous serpents; as well drank as outwardly applied, helpeth the sores of the fundament and the piles; the juice of the ' ( 3 ) berries mixed with the juice of mulberries, do bind more effectually, and help all fret¬ ting and eating sores and ulcers wheresoever. The distilled water of the branches, leaves, and flowers, or of the fruit, is very pleasant in taste, and very effectual in fevers and hot distempers of the bod} 7 , head, eyes, and other parts, and for the purposes aforesaid. The leaves boiled in lye, and the head washed therewith, healeth the itch and running sores thereof, and makes the hair black. The powder of the leaves strewed on cankers and running ulcers, wonderfully helps to heal them. Some use to conden¬ sate the juice of the leaves, and some the juice of the berries, to keep for their use all the year, for the purposes aforesaid. ELITES. Descript. ] Of these there are two sorts commonly known, viz. White and red. The White has leaves somewhat like to beets, but smaller, rounder and of a whitish green colour, every one standing upon a small long footstalk : the stalk rises up two or three feet high, with such like leaves thereon; the flowers grow at the top in long round tufts or clusters, wherein are con¬ tained small and round seed; the root is very full of threads or strings. The Red Blite is in all things like the White, but that his leaves and tufted heads are exceeding red at first, and after turn more purple. There are other kinds of Blites which grow different from the two former sorts but little, but only the wild are smaller in every part. Place.] They grow in gardens, and wild in many places in this land. Time.] They seed in August and Sep¬ tember. Government and virtues.] They are all of them cooling, drying, and binding, serv- ino- to restrain the fluxes of blood in either O man or woman, especially the Red ; which 28 TIIE BRITISH HERBAL also stays the overflowing of the women s reds, as the white Blites slay the whites in women. It is an excellent secret; you cannot well fail in the use. They are all under the dominion of Venus. There is another sort of wild Blites like the other wild kinds, but have long and spikcy heads of greenish seeds, seeming by the thick setting together to be all seed. j This sort the fishers are delighted with, : and it is good and usual bait; for fishes ; will bite fast enough at them, if you have i wit enough to catch them when they bite. BORAGE AND BUGLOSS. These are so well known to the inhabi- ; tants in every garden that I hold it needless j to describe them. To these I may add a third sort, which ; is not so common, nor yet so well known, i and therefore I shall give you its name and j description. It is called Longue de Baeuf; but why ! then should they call one herb by the name j of Bugloss, and another by the name Longue j de Bceuf ? it is some question to me, seeing ] one signifies Ox-tongue in Greek, and the i other signifies the same in French. i Descript.] The leaves whereof are smaller i than those of Bugloss but much rougher; | the stalks rising up about a foot and a half I high, and is most commonly of a red colour; ; the flowers stand in scaly rough heads, j being composed of many small yellow flowers, not much unlike to those of Dan¬ delions, and the seed flieth away in down as that doth; you may easily know the flowers by their taste, for they are very bitter. Place .] It grows wild in many places of this land, and may be plentifully found near London, as between Rotherhithe and Deptford, by the ditch side. Its virtues are held to be the same with Borage and Bugloss, only this is somewhat hotter. Time.'] They flower in June and July, and the seed is ripe shortly after. Government and virtues.] They are all three herbs of Jupiter and under Leo, all great cordials, and great strengthened of nature. The leaves and roots are to very good purpose used in putrid and pestilential fevers, to defend the heart, and help to resist and expel the poison, or the venom of other creatures; the seed is of the like effects ; and the seed and leaves are good to increase milk in women’s breasts; the leaves, flowers, and seed, all or any of them, are good to expel pensiveness and melancholy; it helps to clarity the blood, and mitigate heat in fevers. The juice made into a syrup prevails much to all the purposes aforesaid, and is put with other cooling, opening and cleansing herbs to open obstructions, and help the yellow jaun¬ dice, and mixed with fumitory, to cool, cleanse, and temper the blood thereby; it helps the itch, ringworms and tetters, or other spreading scabs or sores. The flowers candied or made into a conserve, are help¬ ful in the former cases, but are chiefly used as a cordial, and are good for those that are weak in long sickness, and to comfort the heart and spirits of those that are in a consumption, or troubled with often swoon- ings, or passions of the heart. The distilled water is no less effectual to all the purposes aforesaid, and helps the redness and inflam¬ mations of the eyes, being washed there¬ with ; the herb dried is never used, but the green; yet the ashes thereof boiled in mead, or honied water, is available against the inflammations and ulcers in the mouth or throat, to gargle it therewith ; the roots of Bugloss are effectual, being made into a licking electuary for the cough, and to condensate thick phlegm, and the rheuma- ; tic distillations upon the lungs. | » i BLUE-BOTTLE. t > : It is called Syanus, I suppose from the AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 2D colom ot it: Ilurt-sickle, because it turns ? The juice dropped into the eyes takes away the edge of the sickles that reap the corn ; ; the heat and inflammation of them. The J31 ue-blow, Corn flower, and Blue-bottle. \ distilled water of this herb, has the same JJescript .] I shall only describe that j properties, and may be used for the effects winch is commonest, and in my opinion j aforesaid, most useful; its leaves spread upon the » ground, being of a whitish green colour,! brank ursine.tv. somewhat on the edges like those of corn- \ Besides the common name Brank- scabions, amongst which rises up a stalk Ursine, it is also called Bears-breech, and divided into divers branches, beset with | Acanthus, though I think our English long leaves of a greenish colour, either but j names to be more proper; for the Greek veiy little indented, or not at all; the j word Acanthus , signifies any thistle what- fiowers are of a blueish colour, from whence 1 soever. it took its name, consisting of an innumera- j Descript.~\ This thistle shoots forth very ble company of flowers set in a scaly head, J many large, thick, sad green smooth leaves not much unlike those of knap weed; the * on the ground, with a very thick and juicy seed is smooth, bright, and shining, wrapp- > middle rib ; the leaves are parted with ed up in a wooly mantle; the root perishes j sundry deep gashes on the edges ; the leaves ey ery year. j remain a long time, before any stalk ap- 1 /ace .J Ihey grow in corn fields, amongst j pears, afterwards rises up a reasonable big all sorts of corn, (pease, beans, and tares ? stalk, three or four feet high, and bravely excepted.) If you please to take them up \ decked with flowers from the middle of the from thence, and transplant them in your >-stalk upwards; for on the lower part of the gaiden, especiall y towards the full of j stalk, there is neither branches nor leaf, the moon, they will grow more double than ! The flowers are hooded and gaping, being th( jy aic ’ an d many times change colour. j white in colour, and standing in brownish nme.~\ They flower from the beginning \ husks, with a long small undivided leaf of May, to the end of harvest. ; under each leaf; they seldom seed in our Government and virtues .] As they are j country. Its roots are many, great and naturally cold, dry, and binding, so they \ thick, blackish without and whitish within, are under the dominion of Saturn. The \ full of a clammy sap; a piece of them if powder or dried leaves of the Blue-bottle, \ you set it in the garden, and defend it from or Corn flower, is given with good success \ the first Winter cold, will grow and flourish, to those that are braised by a fall, or have f Placed] They are only nursed in the broken a vein inwardly, and void much t gardens in England, where they will gn blood at the mouth; being taken in the * water of plaintain, horsetail, or the greater comfrey, it is a remedy against the poison i row- very well. Time.'] It flowers in June and July. ~ o- — t - Government and virtues .] It is an excel- of the scorpion, and resists all venoms and j lent plant under the dominion of the Moon ; poison. Iheseedor leaves taken in wine, j I could wish such as are studious would is very good against the plague, and all in- \ labour to keep it in the gardens. The fectious diseases,^ and is very good in pes- * leaves being boiled and used in glisters, is tilential fevers. The juice put into fresh or J excellent good to molify the belly, and gieen wounds, doth quickly solder up the j make the passage slippery. The decoction lips of them together, and is very effectual j drank inwardly, is excellent and good for to heal all ulcers and sores in the mouth. j the bloody-flux ; The leaves being bruised, 80 THE COMPLETE HERBAL or rather boiled and applied like a poultice \ be exceeding great, with many long twines are excellent good to unite broken bones 1 or branches going from it, of a pale whitish and strengthen joints that have been put j colour on the outside, and more white out. The decoction of either leaves or j within, and of a sharp, bitter, loathsome roots being drank, and the decoction of ; taste. leaves applied to the place, is excellent | Placed] It grows on banks, or under good for the king’s evil that is broken and \ hedges, through this land ; the roots lie runneth; for by the influence of the moon, ; very deep. it revives the ends of the veins which are j Time.~\ It flowers in July and August, relaxed. There is scarce a better remedy to * some earlier, and some later than the other, be applied to such places as are burnt with ? Government and virtues .] They are furious fire than this is, for it fetches out the fire, | martial plants. The root of Briony purges and heals it without a scar. This is an \ the belly with great violence, troubling the excellent remedy for such as are bursten, i stomach and burning the liver, and there- being either taken inwardly, or applied to j fore not rashly to be taken ; but being cor- the place. In like manner used, it helps \ rected, is very profitable for the diseases the cramp and the gout. It is excellently ; of the head, as falling sickness, giddiness, good in hectic fevers, and restores radical \ and swimmings, by drawing away much phlegm and rheumatic humours that op¬ press the head, as also the joints and sinews; and is therefore good for palsies. It is called Wild, and Wood Vine, Tamus, i convulsions, cramps, and stitches in the or Ladies’ Seal. The white is called White \ sides, and the dropsy, and for provoking moisture to such as are in consumptions. BRIONY, OR WILD VINE. ^3 Vine by some ; and the black, Black Vine, j urine; it cleanses the reins and kidneys Descript .] The common White Briony j from gravel and stone, by opening the ob- grows ramping upon the hedges, sending * structions of the spleen, and consumes the forth many long, rough, very tender \ hardness and swelling thereof. The de- branches at the beginning, with many very j coction of the root in wine, drank once a rough, and broad leaves thereon, cut (for \ week at going to bed, cleanses the mother, the most part) into five partitions, in form \ and helps the rising thereof, expels the very like a vine leaf, but smaller, rough, and \ dead child; a dram of the root in powder of a whitish hoary green colour, spreading j taken in white wine, brings down their very far, spreading and twining with his j courses. An electuary made of the roots small claspers (that come forth at the joints | and honey, doth mightily cleanse the chest with the leaves) very far on whatsoever \ of rotten phlegm, and wonderfully help stands next to it. At the several joints ; any old strong cough, to those that are also (especially towards the top of the \ troubled with shortness of breath, and is branches) comes forth a long stalk bearing \ good for them that are bruised inwardly, to many whitish flowers together on a long ihelp to expel the clotted or congealed blood, tuft, consisting of five small leaves a-piece, ( The leaves, fruit, and root do cleanse old laid open like a star, after which come the j and filthy sores, are good against all fret- berries separated one from another, more j ting and running cankers, grangrenes, and than a cluster of grapes, green at the first, * tetters, and therefore the berries are by and very red when they are thorough ripe, \ some country people called tetter-berries, of no good scent, but of a most loathsome ; The root cleanses the skin wonderfully taste provokes vomit. The root grows to \ from all black and blue spots, freckles, AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 31 morphew, leprosy, foul scars, or other de¬ formity whatsoever; also all running scabs and manginess are healed by the powder of the dried root, or the juice thereof, but especially by the fine white hardened juice. The distilled water of the root works the same effects, but more weakly ; the root bruised and applied of itself to any place where the bones are broken, helps to draw them forth, as also splinters and thorns in the flesh; and being applied with a little wine mixed therewith, it breaks boils, and helps whitlows on the joints.—For all these latter, beginning at sores, cancers, &c. apply it outwardly, mixing it with a little hog’s grease, or other convenient ointment As for the former diseases where it must be taken inwardly, it purges very violently, and needs an abler hand to correct it than most country people have. BROOK-LIME, OR WATER-PIMPERNEL. if- Descript.] This sends forth from a creeping root that shoots forth strings at every joint, as it runs, divers and sundry green stalks, round and sappy with some branches on them, somewhat broad, round, deep green, and thick leaves set by couples thereon ; from the bottom whereof shoot forth long foot-stalks, with sundry small blue flowers on them, that consist of five small round pointed leaves a piece. There is another sort nothing different from the former, but that it is greater, and the flowers of a paler green colour. Place.] They grow in small standing waters, and usually near Water Cresses. Time."] And flower in June and July, giving seed the next month after. Government and virtues .] It is a hot and biting martial plant. Brook-lime and Water-Cresses are generally used together in diet-drink, with other things serving to purge the blood and body from all ill humours that would destroy health, and are helpful to the scurvy. They do all i (4.) provoke urine, and help to break the stone, and pass is away; they procure women’s courses, and expel the dead child. Being- fried with butter and vinegar, and applied warm, it helps all manner of tumours, swel¬ lings, and inflammations. Such drinks ought to be made of sundry herbs, according to the malady. I shall give a plain and easy rule at the latter end of this book. butcher’s broom. It is called Ruscus, and Bruscus, Knee- holm, Kneeholly, Kneehulver, and Petti- gree. Descript. ] The first shoots that, sprout from the root of Butcher’s Broom, are thick, whitish, and short, somewhat like those of Asparagus, but greater, they rise up to be a foot and a half high, are spread into divers branches, green, and somewhat cressed with the roundness, tough and flex¬ ible, whereon are set somewhat broad and almost round hard leaves and prickly, pointed at the end, of a dark green colour, two for the most part set at a place, very close and near together; about the middle of the leaf, on the back and lower side from the middle rib, breaks forth a small whitish green flower, consisting of four small round pointed leaves, standing upon litlle or no foot-stalk, and in the place whereof comes a small round berry, green at the first, and red when it is ripe, wherein are two or three white, hard, round seeds contained. The root is thick, white, and great at the head, and from thence sends forth divers thick, white long, tough strings. Place.] It grows in copses, and upon heaths and waste grounds, and oftentimes under or near the holly bushes. Time.] It shoots forth its young buds in the Spring, and the berries are ripe about September, the branches of leaves abiding green all the Winter. Government and virtues.] It is a plant of K 32 THE COMPLETE HERBAL a gallant the cleansing and \ or the powder of the seed taken in drink, decoction of the! purges downwards, and draws phlegmatic wine opens obstructions, \ and waterj^ humours from the joints, where- Mars, being of opening quality root made with provokes urine, helps to expel gravel and j by it helps the dropsy, gout, sciatica, and the stone, the stranguary and women’s i pains of the hips and joints; it also pro¬ courses, also the yellow jaundice and the j vokes strong vomits, and helps the pains of head-ache; And with some honey or sugar \ the sides, and swelling of the spleen, put thereunto, cleanses the breast of phlegm,: cleanses also the reins or kidneys and blad- and the chest of such clammy humours \ der of the stone, provokes urine abundantly, gathered therein. The decoction of the j and hinders the growing again of the stone root drank, and a poultice made of the j in the body. The continual use of the berries and leaves applied, are effectual in \ powder of the leaves and seed doth cure knitting and consolidating broken bones or $ the black jaundice. The distilled water of parts out of joint. The common way of j the flowers is profitable for all the same purposes: it also helps surfeits, and alters the fit of agues, if three or four ounces using it is to boil the root of it, and Parsley and Fennel and Smallage in white wine, and drink the decoction, adding the like quan-j thereof,: with as much of the water of the tity of Grass-root to them : The more of \ lesser Centaury, and a little sugar put there- the root you boil, the stronger will the de-;in, be taken a little before the fit comes, coction be; it works no ill effects, yet I j and the party be laid down to sweat in his hope you have wit enough to give the j bed. The oil or water that is drawn from strongest decoction to the strongest bodies. \ the end of the green sticks heated in the BROOM, AND broom-rape.. I fire ’ he )P s ^olh-ache. The juice of j young branches made into an ointment of To spend time in writing a description j old hog’s grease, and anointed, or the young hereof is altogether needless, it being so \ branches bruised and heated in oil or hog’s being O so generally used by all the good housewives j grease, their ■ — J and o , laid to the sides pained by almost through this land to sweep their | wind, as in stitches, or the spleen, ease houses with, and therefore very well known j them in once or twice using it. The same to all soi ls of people. The Broom-rape springs up places from the roots of the broom (butland is an especial remedy for joint aches, more often in fields, as by hedge-sides and \ and swollen knees, that come by the falling on heaths.) I he stalk whereof is of the \ down of humours. in | boiled in oil is the safest and surest medicine many j to kill lice in the head or body of any ; bigness of a finger or thumb, above two j T} feet high, having a shew of leaves on them, \ 1 w BROOM rape also is virtues. not without its and many flowers at the top, of a reddish \ yellow colour, as also the stalks and leaves j The decoction thereof in wine, is thought are - \ to be as effectual to void the stone in the Placed] They grow in many places of i kidney or bladder, and to provoke urine, this land commonly, and as commonly | as the Broom itself. The juice thereof is spoil all the land they grow in. : a singular good help to cure as well green Time.~\ They flower in the Summer | wounds, as old and filthy sores and malig- months, and give their seed before Winter. \ nant ulcers. The insolate oil, wherein there Government and virtues .] The juice or j has been three or four repetitions of infusion decoction of the young branches, or seed, j of the top stalks, with flowers strained and AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 35 cleared, cleanses the skin from all manner j stomachs that cannot retain, but cast up of spots, marks, and freckles that rise either,: their meat. It stays all bleeding both at by the heat of the sun, or the malignity of J mouth or nose ; bloody urine or the bloody- humours. As for the Broom and Broom-j dux, and stops the lask of the belly and iape, Mais owns them, and is exceeding pre- \ bowels. The leaves hereof bruised and judicial to the liver; I suppose by reason j laid to their sides that have an ague, sud- of the antipathy between Jupiter and Mars, j denly eases the fit; and the leaves and roots theiefore it the liver be disaffected, minister; applied to the wrists, works the same effects, none of it. j The herb boiled in ale and wine, and given buckVhoen plantains j ! for some mornings and evenings together, " . | stays the distillation of hot and sharp Descnpt. J lms being sown of seed, j rheums falling into the eyes from the head, rises up at first with small, long, narrow, ? and helps all sorts of sore eyes, hairy, dark green leaves like grass, without j any division or gash in them, but those that \ buck’s horn. follow are gashed in on both sides the T „. , Tr , TT , leaves into three or four gashes, and pointed $ T ^ called liait s-horn, Ilei ba-stella, and at the ends, resembling the knags of a buck's ! gerlm-stellaMa, Sanguinaria, Herb-Eve, horn, (whereof it took its name) and being* Ue *: b - lv J» Wort-Tresses,and Swine-Cresses, well wound round about the root upon the! rescript.] They have many small and ground, in order one by another, thereby I T‘ dk stra ^ 1] "S benches trailing here and resembling the form of a star, from amon": ere u P on die ground: Ihe leaves are which rise up divers hairy stalks about a man /’ smad and jfgged, not much unlike hand's breath high, bearing every one a to tbose of Buck s-horn Plantain, but much small, long spiky head, like to those of the j sma er * and n , ot so * iad X The flowers common Plantain, having such like bloom- an ; on S the caves m small, rough, ings and seed after them. The root is' whltlsh c usterslhe seeds are smaller and single, long and small, with diyers strings | brownish, a bitter taste. at it. ~ ® j Jr lace. J 1 hey grow in dry, barren, sandy Place.'] They grow in sandy grounds, as j gr( ^. nds j rpi , in Tothill fields by Westminster, and divers \ ^ flow f and seed when the other places of this land. ! rest of lhe Plantalns df >. Time.] They flower and seed in May,! Government and virtv.es.] This is also June, and July, and their green leaves d o j und f die ^mmiou of Saturn S the virtues in a manner abide fresh all the Winter. ar . e . d to , e tae saIne as Ruck s-horn Government and virtues.] It is under the l . ,antaln ’ and therefore by all authors it is dominion of Saturn, and is of a .oallant,* J0ined w,th lt * The lcaves bruised and ap- ap- drying, and binding'quality. This°bofled1 P Hed t0 . th( ; place, stop bleeding. The in wine and drank, and some of the leaves! her )S bruised and applied to warts, will put to the hurt place, is an excellent! make thc,n consUme and waste m a short remedy for the biting of the viper or adder, \ tinie ‘ which I take to be one and the same : The \ p same being also drank, helps those that are l T? 1 ° *“ troubled with the stone in the veins or kid- ! Besides the name Bugle, it is called neys, by cooling the heat of the part af-* Middle Confound and Middle Comfrey, nicted, and strengthens them ; also weak j Brown Bugle, and by some Sicklewort, and 34 THE COM PLETE HERBAL _ Herb-Carpenter; though in Essex we call \ for those that are liver-grown (as they ca, another herb by that name. jit.) It is wonderful in curing all mannero Descript.'] This has larger leaves than Juicers and sores, whether new and fresh those of the Self-heal, but else of the samejor old and inveterate; yea, gangrenes and fashion, or rather longer; in some green on \ fistulas also, if the leaves bruised and ap- the upper side, and in others more brown- * plied, or their juice be used to wash and ish, dented about the edges,somewhat hairy, j bathe the place, and the same made into a as the square stalk is also which rises up to j lotion, and some honey and alum cures be half a yard high sometimes, with the j all sores in the mouth and gums, be they leaves set by couples, from the middle | never so foul, or of long continuance ; and almost, whereof upwards stand the flowers, J works no less powerfully and effectually for together with many smaller and browner, such ulcers and sores as happen in the leaves than the rest, on the stalk below set 1 secret parts of men and women. Being at distance, and the slalk bare between \ also taken inwardly, or outwardly applied, them ; among which flowers, are also small; it helps those that have broken .any bone, ones of a blueish and sometimes of an ash j or have any member out of joint. An colour, fashioned like the flowers of Ground- \ ointment made with the leaves of Bugle, ivy, after which come small, round blackish » Scabions and Sanicle bruised and boiled seeds. The root is composed of many tin hog’s grease, until the herbs be dry, and strings, and spreads upon the ground. \ then strained forth into a pot for such The white flowered Bugle differs not in; occasions as shall require; it is so singularly form or greatness from the former, saving \ good for all sorts of hurts in the body, that that the leaves and stalks are always green,; none that know its usefulness will be witli- and never brown, like the other, and the; out it. flowers thereof are white. j The truth is, I have known this hurb cure Place.] They grow in woods, copses, f some diseases of Saturn, of which 1 thought and fields, generally throughout England, \ good to quote one. Many times such as but the white flowered Bugle is not so \ give themselves much to drinking are plentiful as the former. : troubled with strange fancies, strange sights Time.] They flower from May until July, I in the nighttime, and some with voices, and in the mean time perfect their seed. I as also with the disease Ephialtes, or the The roots and leaves next thereunto upon j Mare. I take the reason of this to be the ground abiding all the Winter. \ (according to Fernelius) a melancholy Government and virtues.] This herb be-1 vapour made thin by excessive drinking longs to Dame Venus: If the virtues of it|strong liquor, and so flies up and disturbs make you fall in love with it (as they will ; the fancy, and breeds imaginations like if you be wise) keep a syrup of it to take; itself, viz. fearful and troublesome. Those inwardly, an ointment and plaister of it; I have know cured by taking only two to use outwardly, always by you. \ spoonfuls of the syrup of this herb after The decoction of the leaves and flowers \ supper two hours, when you go to bed. made in wine, and taken, dissolves the con-; But whether this does it by sympathy or gealed blood in those that are bruised in-J antipathy, is some doubt in astrology. I wardly by a fall, or otherwise is very! know there is great antipathy between effectual for any inward wounds, thursts, j Saturn and Venus in matter of procreation; or stabs in the body or bowels; and it is;yea, such a one, that the barrenness of an especial help in all wound-drinks, andj* Saturn can be removed by none but Venus; AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 35 nor the Just of Venus be repelled by none i the body in health, and the spirits in vigour; but Saturn ; but I am not ot opinion this * for if the Sun be the preserver of life under is done this way, and my reason is, because j God, his herbs are the best in the world to these vapours though in quality melan-j do it by. They are accounted to be both of choly, yet by their flying upward, seem to ; one property, but the lesser is more effectual be something aerial; therefore I rather think j because quicker and more aromatic: It it is done by antipathy; Saturn being: is a friend to the heart, liver, and other exalted in Libra, in the house of Venus. j principal parts of a man’s body. Two or j three of the stalks, with leaves put into a burnet. 5 cup of wine, especially claret, are known ; to quicken the spirits, refresh and cheer the It is called Sanguisorbia, Pimpinella, j heart, and drive away melancholy : It is a Bipulo, Solbegrella, &c. The common \ special help to defend the heart from noi- garden Burnet is so well known, that it; some vapours, and from infection of the needs no description.—There is another sort j pestilence, the juice thereof being taken in which is wild, the description whereof take \ some drink, and the party laid to sweat as follows. j thereupon. They have also a drying and Descript.'] The great wild Burnet has j an astringent quality, whereby they are winged leaves arising from the roots like the j available in all manner of fluxes of blood garden Burnet, but not so many ; yet each j or humours, to staunch bleedings inward or of these leaves are at the least twice as \ outward, lasks, semirings, the bloody-flux, large as the other, and nicked in the sain^hvomen's too abundant flux of courses, the manner about the edges, of a greyish coloJ#Pfhites, and the choleric belchings and cast- on the under side; the stalks are greater, \ ings of the stomach, and is a singular and rise higher, with many such leaves set: wound-herb for all sorts of wounds, both thereon, and greater heads at the top, of a jof the head and body, either inward or out- brownish colour, and out of them come \ ward, for all old ulcers, running cankers, small dark purple flowers, like the former, \ and most sores, to be used either by the but greater. The root is black and long ! juice or decoction of the herb, or by the like the other, but great also : it has almost j powder of the herb or root, or the water of neither scent nor taste therein, like the gar- $ the distilled herb or ointment by itself, or den kind. j with other things to be kept. The seed is Place.] It first grows frequently in gar- * also no less effectual both to stop fluxes, dens. The wild kind grows in divers j and dry up moist sores, being taken in counties of this land, especially in Hunting- \ powder inwardly in wine, or steeled water, don, in Northamptonshire, in the meadows 5 that is, wherein hot rods of steel have been there: as also near London, by Pancras * quenched ; or the powder, or the seed church, and by a causeway-side in the middle {mixed with the ointments, of afield by Paddington., \ Time.] They flower about the end of j the butter-bur, or petasitis. June, and beginning of July, and their seed : is ripe in August. j Descript.] This rises up in February, Government and 'virtues .] This is an herb \ with a thick stalk about a foot high, where- the Sun challenges dominion over, and is j on are set a few small leaves, °or rather a most precious herb, little inferior to j pieces, and at the tops a long spiked head ; Betony ; .the continual use of it preserves \ flowers of a blue or deep red colour ac~ (4-) L 36 THE COMPLETE HERBAL cording to the soil where it grows, and be- j fore the stalk with the flowers have abiden \ a month above ground, it will be withered \ THE BURDOCK.IP and gone, and blow away with the wind, ^ and the leaves will begin to spring, which j being full grown, are very large and broad, j being somewhat thin and almost round,; whose thick red foot stalks above a foot j long, stand towards the middle of the leaves. * The lower part being divided into two round j parts, close almost one to another, and are t of a pale green colour; and hairy under¬ neath. The root is long, and spreads under ground, being in some places no bigger than ones finger, in others much bigger, blackish on the outside, and whitish within, of a bitter and unpleasant taste. Place and Time.] They grow in low and wet grounds by rivers and water sides. \ Their flower (as is said) rising and decaying j in February and March, before their leaves, ‘ which appear in April. Government and virtues.] It is under the dominion of the Sun, and therefore is a great strengthener of the heart, and clearer \ of the vital spirits. The roots thereof are \ by long experience found to be very avail¬ able against the plague and pestilential fevers by provoking sweat; if the powder \ thereof be taken in wine, it also resists the ^ force of any other poison. The root hereof 1 taken with Zedoary and Angelica, or without* them, helps the rising of the mother. The \ decoction of the root in wine, is singularly i good for those that wheese much, or are \ short winded. It provokes urine also, and j women’s courses, and kills the flat and \ broad worms in the belly. The powder of | the root doth wonderfully help to dry up j the moisture of the sores that are hard to be j cured, and takes away all spots and I blemishes of the skin. It were well if gentlewomen would keep this root preserved, i to help their poor neighbours.. It is jit the j rich should help the poor , for the poor cannot | help themselves. !; They are also called Personata, and Loppy-major, great Burdock and Clod-bur, It is so weil known, even by the little boys, who pull off the burs to throw and stick upon each other, that I shall spare to write any description of it. Place.] They grow plentifully by ditches and water-sides, and by the highways al¬ most every where through this land. Government and virtues.] Venus chal¬ lenges this herb for her own, and by its leaf or seed you may draw the womb which way you please, either upwards by applying it to the crown of the head, in case it falls out; or downwards in fits of the mother, by applying it to the soles of the feet; or if you would stay it in its place, apply it to the navel, and that is one good way to stay the child in it. The Burdock leaves are cooling, moderately drying, and discussing withal, whereby it is good for old ulcers and sores. A dram of the roots taken with Pine kernels, helps them that spit foul, mattery, and bloody phlegm. The leaves applied to the places troubled with the shrinkingof the sinewsor arteries, givemuch ease. The juice of the leaves, or rather the roots themselves, given to drink with old wine, doth wonderfully help the biting of any serpents: And the root beaten with a little salt, and laid on the place, suddenly eases the pain thereof, and helps those that are bit by a mad dog. The juice of the leaves being drank with honey, provokes urine, and remedies the pain of the bladder. The seed being drank in wine forty days together, doth Avonderfully help the sciatica. The leaves bruised with the white of an egg, and applied to any place burnt with fire, takes out the fire, gives sudden ease, and heals it up afterwards. The decoction of them fomented on any fretting sore or canker, stays the corroding quality, which must be afterwards anointed with an oint- AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 37 * ment made of the same liquor, hog’s-grease, \ nitre, and vinegar boiled together. The* roots may be preserved with sugar, and j taken fasting, or at other times, for the same purposes, and for consumptions, the stone,! and the lask. The seed is much commended j to break the stone, and cause it to be ex-* polled by urine, and is often used with! other seeds and things to that purpose. * CABBAGES AND COLEWORTS. I shall spare labour in writing a des- \ cription of these, since almost every one j that can but write at all, may describe! them from his own knowledge, they beinod generally so well known, that descriptions! are altogether needless. Place.'] They are generally planted in j gardens. 5 Time.] Their flower time is towards the! middle, or end of July, and the seed is j ripe in August. : Government and virtues.] The Cabbages ? or Coleworts boiled gently in broth, and * eaten, do open the body,' but the second j decoction doth bind the body. The juice j thereof drank in wine, helps those that are j bitten by an adder, and the decoction of the * flowers brings down women’s courses: * Being taken with honey, it recovers hoarse- ! ness, or loss of the voice. The often eatingj of them well boiled, helps those that are! entering into a consumption. The pulp of! the middle ribs of Coleworts boiled in al-j mond milk, and made up into an electuary* with honey, being taken often, is very pro-* fitable for those that are puffy and short 1 winded. Being boiled twice, an old cock ! boiled in the broth and drank, it helps the! pains, and the obstructions of the liver and i spleen, and the stone in the kidneys. The.! juice boiled with honey, and dropped into } the corner of the eyes, clears the sight,: by consuming any film or cloud beginning! mended, being eaten before meat to keep one from surfeiting, as also from being drunk with too much wine, or quickly to make a man sober again that is drunk be¬ fore. For (as they say) there is such an antipathy or enmity between the Vine and the Coleworts, that the one will die where the other grows. The decoction of Cole¬ worts takes away the pain and ache, and allays the swellings of sores and gouty legs and knees, wherein many gross and watery humours are fallen, the place being bathed therewith warm. It helps also old and filthy sores, being bathed therewith, and heals all small scabs, pushes, and wheals, that break out in the skin. The ashes of Colewort stalks mixed with old hog’s grease, are very effectual to anoint the sides of those that have had long pains therein, or any other place pained with melancholy and windy humours. This was surely Chrysippus’s God, and therefore he wrote a whole volume on them and their virtues, and that none of the least neither, for he would be no small fool: He appro¬ priates them to every part of the body, and to every disease in every part; and honest old Cato (they say) used no other physic. I know not Avhat metal their bodies were made of; this I am sure, Cabbages are extremely windy, whether you take them as meat or as medicine: yea, as windy meat as can be eaten, unless you eat bag-pipes or bellows, and they are but seldom eaten in our days; and Colewort flowers are some¬ thing more tolerable, and the wdiolesomer food of the two. The Moon challenges the dominion of this herb. THE SEA COLEWORTS. Descript.] This has divers somewhat long and broad large and thick wrinkled leaves, somewhat crumpled about the edges, and growing each upon a thick footstalk, .-,a.. aC i ; very brittle, of a greyish green colour, growing therein. They are much com- S from among which rises up a strong thick to dim it; it also consumes the canker* 88 THE COMPLETE HERBAL stalk, two feet high, and belter, with some \ lands, and dry grounds in many places of leaves thereon to the top, where it branches j this land. forth much; and on every branch stands a * Time .] They flower in July, and their large bush of pale whitish flowers, consist- \ seed is ripe quickly after, ing of four leaves a-piece : The root is j Government and virtues .] It is an herb of somewhat great, shoots forth many branches : Mercury, and a strong one too, therefore under ground, keeping the leaves green all; excellent good in all afflictions of the brain, the winter. ;The decoction of the herb being drank, Place.] They grow in many places upon \ brings down women's courses, and provokes the sea-coasts, as well on the Kentish as \ urine. It is profitable for those that are Essex shores; as at Lid in Kent, Colches-bursten, or troubled with convulsions or ter in Essex, and divers other places, and ; cramps, with shortness of breath, or choleric in other counties of this land. $ torments and pains in their bellies or 1 Time.] They flower and seed about the >' stomach ; it also helps the yellow-jaundice, time that other kinds do. land stays vomiting, being taken in wine. Government and virtues.] The Moon!Taken with salt and honey, it kills all claims the dominion of these also. The j manner of worms in the body. - It helps broth, or first decoction of the Sea Colewort, 1 such as have the leprosy, either taken in- doth by the sharp, nitrous, and bitter qual- 1 wardly, drinking whey after it, or the green ities therein, open the belly, and purge the j herb outwardly applied. It hinders con- body; it cleanses and digests more power- j ception in women, but either burned or fully than the other kind : The seed hereof j strewed in the chamber, it drives away bruised and drank kills worms. The leaves j venomous serpents. It takes away black or the juice of them applied to sores or; and blue marks in the face, and makes ulcers, cleanses and heals them, and dis- 1 black scars become well coloured, if the solves swellings, and takes away inflam- j green herb (not the dry) be boiled in wine, mations. j and laid to the place, or the place washed ; therewith. Being applied to the huckle- calamint, oe mountain-mint. i bone, by continuance of time, it spends the ; humours, which cause the pain of the Descript.] This is a small herb, seldom \ sciatica. The juice being dropped into rising above a foot high, with square hairy, 5 the ears, kills the worms in them. The and woody stalks, and two small hoary ; leaves boiled in wine, and drank, provoke leaves set at a joint, about the height of; sweat, and open obstructions of the liver Marjoram, or not much bigger, a little dented i and spleen. It helps them that have a ler- about the edges, and of a very fierce or; tian ague (the body being first purged) by quick scent, as the whole herb is: The; taking away the cold fits. The decoction flowers stand at several spaces of the stalks, j hereof, with some sugar put thereto after- from the middle almost upwards, which are \ wards, is very profitable for those that be small and gaping like to those of the Mints,; troubled with the over-flowing of the gall, of a pale bluish colour: After which follow j and that have an old cough, and that are small, round blackish seed. The root is ; scarce able to breathe by shortness of their small and woody, with divers small strings i wind; that have any cold distemper in their spreading within the ground, and dies notj bowels, and are troubled with the hardness but abides many years. j or the spleen, Lor all which purposes, both Place.] It grows on heaths, and up-^the powder, called Diacaluminthes, and the AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 39 compound Syrup of Calamint are the most $ comfort both it and the brain. The oil effectual. Let no women be too busy with j made of the flowers of Camomile, is much it, for it works very violent upon the femi-J used, against all hard swellings, pains or nine part. j aches, shrinking of the sinews, or cramps, {or pains in the joints, or any other part of camomile. j the body. Being used in clysters, it helps j to dissolve the wind and pains in the belly ; It is so well known every where, that it j anointed also, it helps stitches and pains in is but lost time and labour to describe it. \ the sides. The virtues thereof are as follow. j Nechessor saith, the Egyptians dedicated A decoction made of Camomile, and i it to the Sun, because it cured agues, and drank, takes away all pains and stitches in j they were like enough to do it, for they the side. The flowers of Camomile beaten, 1 were the arrantest apes in their religion and made up into balls with Gil, drive away j that I ever read of. Bachinus, Bena, and all sorts of agues, if the part grieved be^Lobel, commend the syrup made of the anointed with that oil, taken from the \ juice of it and sugar, taken inwardly, to be flowers, from the crown of the head to the \ excellent for the spleen. Also this is cer- sole of the foot, and afterwards laid to 1 tain, that it most wonderfully breaks the sweat in his bed, and that he sweats well, j stone: Some take it in syrup or decoction, This is Nechessor, an Egyptian's, medicine, j others inject the juice of it into the bladder It is profitable for all sorts of agues that with a syringe. My opinion is, that the come either from phlegm, or melancholy, j salt of it, taken half a dram in the morning or from an inflammation of the bowels, | in a little white or Rhenish wine, [is better being applied when the humours causing i than either; that it is excellent for the stone r them shall be concocted; and there is j appears in this which I have seen tried, nothing more profitable to the sides and j viz. That a stone that has been taken out region of the liver and spleen than it. The j of the body of a man being wrapped in bathing with a decoction of Camomile j Camomile, will in time dissolve, and in a takes away weariness, eases pains, to what j little time too. part of the body soever they be applied. \ It comforts the sinews that are over-strained, > water-caltrops. molifies all swellings: It moderately com*- j forts all parts that have need of warmth,! They are called also Tribulus Aquaticus, digests and dissolves whatsoever has need Tribulus Lacusoris, Tribulus, Marinus, thereof, by a wonderful speedy property. Caltrops, Saligos, Water Nuts, and Water It eases all pains of the cholic and stone, j Chesnuts. and all pains and torments of the belly, j Descript .] As for the greater sort of and gently provokes urine. The flowers { Water Caltrop it is not found here, or very boiled in posset-drink provoke sweat, andj rarely. Two other sorts there are which help to expel all colds, aches and pains \ I shall here describe. The first has a long whatsoever, and is an excellent help to j creeping and jointed root, sending forth bring down women's courses. Syrup made \ tufts at each joint, from which joints rise of the juice of Camomile, with the flowers {long flat, slender knotted stalks, even to in white wine, is a remedy against the j the top of the water* divided towards the jaundice and dropsy. The flowers boiled \ top into many branches, each carrying in lye, are good to wash the head, and * two leaves on both sides, being about two ( 4 *) * M 40 THE COMPLETE PIERBAL inches long, and half an inch broad, thin 1 on the end unto the middle, making them and almost transparent, they look as though \ seem to be two a-piece, smelling somewhat they were torn; the flowers are long, thick j sweet, and each of them standing in a and whitish, set together almost like a Marge green striped hairy husk, large and bunch of grapes, which being gone, there j round below next to the stalk : The seed is succeed, for the most part, sharp pointed \ small and greyish in the hard heads that grains all together, containing a small white j come up afterwards. The root is white and kernel in them. j long, spreading divers fangs in the ground. The second differs not much from this, \ The Red wild Campion grows in the same save that it delights in more clear water; \ manner as the White, but its leaves are not its stalks are not flat, but round ; its leaves ? so plainly ribbed, somewhat shorter, rounder, are not so long, but more pointed ; As for ; and more woolly in handling. The flowers the place we need not determine, for their fare of the same form and bigness ; but in name shews they grow in water. i some of a pale, in others of a bright red Government and virtues.] They are under j colour, cut in at the ends more finely, which the dominion of the Moon, and being made \ makes the leaves look more in number than into a poultice, are excellently good for hot j the other. The seeds and the roots are inflammations, swellings, cankers, sore \ alike, the roots of both sorts abiding many mouths and throats, being washed with the j years. decoction; it cleanses and strengthens the? There are forty-five kinds of Campion neck and throat, and helps those swellings i more, those of them which are of a phy- ‘ sical use, having the like virtues with those above described, which I take to be the two is excellently good for the rankness of the chief kinds. gums, a safe and present remedy for the i Placed] They grow commonly through king's evil. They are excellent for the stone; this land by fields and hedge-sides, and and gravel, especially the nuts, being dried, j ditches. They also resist poison, and bitings of* Time.\ They flower in Summer, some venomous beasts. i earlier than others, and some abiding longer ; than others. campion, wild. : Government and virtues.'] They belong ; to Saturn, and it is found by experience, Descript.] The wild White Campion!that the decoction of the herb, either in has many long and someAvhat broad dark j white or red wine being drank, doth stay green leaves lying upon the ground, and!? inward bleedings, and applied outwardly, divers ribs therein, somewhat like plantain,^it does the like; and being drank, helps but somewhat hairy, broader, but not so j to expel urine, being stopped, and gravel long : The hairy stalks rise up in the mid- ? and stone in the reins and kidneys. Two die of them three or four feet high, and ? drams of the seed drank in wine, purges sometimes more, with divers great white; the body of choleric humours, and helps joints at several places thereon, and two j those that are stung by scorpions, or other which when people have, they say the almonds of their ears are fallen down. It such like leaves thereat up to the top, send- forth branches at several joints also: mg venomous beasts, and may be as effectual for the plague. It is of very good use in All which bear on several foot-stalks white;old sores, ulcers, cankers, fistulas, and the flowers at the tops of them, consisting of! like, to cleanse and heat .them, by con- five broad pointed leaves, every one cut in; suming the moist humours falling into AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 41 them and correcting the putrefaction of' humours offending them. \ carrots. CARDUUS BENEDICTUS. } ^ ~ \ Garden Carrots are so well known, It is called Carduus Benedictus, or \ that they need no description; but because Blessed Thistle, or Holy Thistle. I sup- j they are of less physical use than the wild pose the name was put upon it by some j kind (as indeed almost in all herbs the wild that had little holiness themselves. j are most effectual in physic, as being more I shall spare a labour in writing a \ powerful in operation than the garden description of this as almost every one that j kinds,) I shall therefore briefly describe the can but write at all, may describe them! Wild Carrot. from his own knowledge. j Descript .] It grows in a manner al- Time.] They flower in August, and seed ! together like the tame, but that the leaves not long after. {and stalks are somewhat whiter and rougher Government and virtues.'] It is an herb of j The stalks bear large tufts of white flowers Mars, and under the sign Aries. Now, in j with a deep purple spot in the middle* handling this herb, I shall give you a j which are contracted together when the rational pattern of all the rest; and if you \ seed begins to ripen, that the middle part please to view them throughout the book, \ being hollow and low, and the outward you shall, to your content, find it true. It!stalk rising high, makes the whole umbel helps swimming and giddiness of the head, j to show like a bird's nest. The roots small, or the disease called vertigo, because Aries jlong, and hard, and unfit for meat, being is in the house of Mars. It is an excellent: somewhat sharp and strong, remedy against the yellow jaundice and l Place.] The wild kind grows in divers other infirmities of the gall, because Mars j parts of this land plentifully by the field- governs choler. It strengthens the attrac- j sides, and untilled places, tive faculty in man, and clarifies the blood, j Time.] They flower and seed in the end because the one is ruled by Mars. The j of Summer. continual drinking the decoction of it, helps | Government and virtues.] Wild Carrots red faces, tetters, and ring-worms, because \ belong to Mercury, and therefore break Mars causes them. It helps the plague, j wind, and remove stitches in the sides, pro¬ sores, boils, and itch, the bitings of mad \ voke urine and women's courses, and helps dogs and venomous beasts, all which in- j to break and expel the stone ; the seed also firmities are under Mars; thus you see! of the same works the like effect, and is what it doth by sympathy. j good for the dropsy, and those whose bellies By antipathy to other planets it cures the $ are swollen with wind ; helps the cholic French pox. By antipathy to Venus, who i the stone in the kidneys, and rising of the governs it, it strengthens the memory, and j mother; being taken in wine, or boiled in cures deafness by antipathy to Saturn, who \ wine, and taken, it helps conception. The has his fall in Aries, which rules the head, j leaves being applied with honey to running It cures quartan agues, and other diseases j sores or ulcers, do cleanse them, of melancholy, and adust choler, by sym-j I suppose the seeds of them perform this pathy to Saturn, Mars being exalted in» better than the roots; and though Galen Capricorn. Also provokes urine, the stopp- \ commended garden Carrots highly 1 to break ing of which is usually caused by Mars or j wind, yet experience teaches they breed it the Moon. |j first, and we may thank nature for expelling 42 THE COMPLETE HERBAL it, not they; the seeds of them expel wind indeed, and so mend what the root marrs. CARRAWAY. It is on account of the seeds principally that the Carraway is cultivated. Descript.'] It bears divers stalks of fine cut leaves, lying upon the ground, some¬ what like to the leaves of carrots, but not bushing so thick, of a little quick taste in them, from among which rises up a square stalk, not so high as the" Carrot, at whose joints are set the like leaves, but smaller and finer, and at the top small open tufts, or umbels of white flowers, which turn into small blackish seed, smaller than the Anniseed, and of a quicker and hotter taste. The root is whitish, small and long, somewhat like unto a parsnip, but with more wrinkled bark, and much less, of a little hot and quick taste, and stronger than the parsnip, and abides after seed¬ time. Place.] It is usually sown with us in gardens. Time.] They flower in June and July, and seed quickly after. Government and virtues.] This is also a Mercurial plant. Carraway seed has a moderate sharp quality, whereby it breaks wind and provokes urine, which also the herb doth. The root is better food than the parsnip; it is pleasant and comfortable to the stomach, and helps digestion. The seed is conducing to all cold griefs of the head and stomach, bowels, or mother, as also the wind in them, and helps to sharpen the eye-sight. The powder of the seed put into a poultice, takes away black and blue spots of blows and bruises. The herb it¬ self, or with some of the seed bruised and fried, laid hot in a bag or double cloth, to the lower parts of the belly, eases the pains of the wind cholic. The roots of Carraway eaten as men do parsnips, strengthen the stomach of ancient people exceedingly, and they need not to make a whole meal of them neither, and are fit to be planted in every garden. Carraway comfits, once only dipped in sugar, and half a spoonful of them eaten in the morning fasting, and as many after each meal, is a most admirable remedy, for those that are troubled with wind. CELANDINE. Descript.] This hath divers lender, round, whitish green stalks, with greater joints than ordinary in other herbs as it were knees, very brittle and easy to break, from whence grow branches with large tender broad leaves, divided into many parts, each of them cut in on the edges, set at the joint on both sides of the branches, of a dark blueish green colour, on the upper side like Columbines, and of a more pale blueish green underneath, full of yellow sap, when any is broken, of a bitter taste, and strong scent. At the flowers, of four leaves a-piece, after which come small long pods, with blackish seed therein. The root is somewhat great at the head, shooting forth divers long roots and small strings, reddish on the outside, and yellow within, full of yellow sap therein. Place.] They grow in many places by old walls, hedges and way-sides in untilled places; and being once planted in a garden, especially some shady places, it will remain there. Time.] They flower all the Summer, and the seed ripens in the mean time. Government and virtues.] This is an herb of the Sun, and under the celestial Lion, and is one of the best cures for the eyes ; for, all that know any thing in astrology, know that the eyes are subject to the luminaries: let it then be gathered when the Sun is in Leo, and the Moon in Aries, applying to this time; let Leo arise, then may you make into an oil or ointment, which you please, to anoint your sore eyes AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 43 with: I can prove it doth both my own \ experience, and the experience of those to j whom I have taught it, that most desperate j sore eyes have been cured by this only \ medicine; and then, I pray, is not this far \ better than endangering the eyes by the art 1 of the needle? For if this does not abso¬ lutely take away the film, it will so facilitate the work, that it might be done without, danger. The herb or root boiled in white \ Wine and drank, a Tew Anniseeds being? boded therewith, opens obstructions of the j liver and gall, helps the yellow jaundice ; j and often using it, helps the dropsy and the $ itch, an . chose who have old sores in their \ legs, or other parts of the body. The j juice thereof taken fasting, is held to be of j singularly good use against the pestilence, j The distilled water, with a little sugar and j a little good treacle mixed therewith (thej party upon the taking being laid down to j sweat a little) has the same effect. The \ juice dropped into the eyes, cleanses them 1 from films and cloudiness which darken the j sight, but it is best to allay the sharpness j of the juice with a little breast milk. It is j good in all old filthy corroding creeping j ulcers wheresoever, to stay their malignity \ of fretting and running, and to cause them $ to heal more speedily: The juice often j applied to tetters, ring-worms, or other such j like spreading cankers, will quickly heal j them, and rubbed often upon warts, will j take them away. The herb with the roots j bruised and bathed with oil of camomile, | and applied to the navel, takes away the \ griping pains in the belly and bowels, and j ail the pains of the mother ; and applied to ? women’s breasts,stays the overmuch flowing \ of the courses. The juice or decoction of i the herb gargled between the teeth that ach, j (ases the pain, and the powder of the dried \ loot laid upon any aching, hollow or loose | tooth, will cause it to fall out. The juice j mixed with some powder of brimstone is i (5, 6.) not only good against the itch, but takes away all discolourings of the skin what¬ soever : and if it chance that in a tender body it causes any itchings or inflamma¬ tions, by bathing the place with a little vinegar it is helped. Another ill-favoured trick have physicians got to use to the eye, and that is worse than the needle ; which is to take away the films by corroding or gnawing medicines. That I absolutely protest against. 1. Because the ^.tunicles of the eyes are very thin, and therefore soon eaten asunder. 2. The callus or film that they would eat away, is seldom of an equal thickness in every place, and then the tunicle may be eaten asunder in one place, before the film be consumed in another, and so be a readier way to extinguish the sight than to restore it. It is called Chelidonium, from the Greek word Chelidon , which signifies a swallow; because they say, that if you put out the eyes of young swallows when they are in the nest, the old ones will recover their eyes again with this herb. This I am confident, for I have tried it, that if we mar the very apple of their eyes with a needle, she will recover them again ; but whether with this herb or not, I know not. Also I have read (and it seems to be somewhat probable) that the herb, being gathered as I shewed before, and the elements draw apart from it by art of the alchymist, and after they are drawn apart rectified, the earthly quality, still in rectify¬ ing them, added to the Terra damnata (as Alchymists call it) or Terra Sacratissima (as some philosophers call it) the elements so rectified are sufficient for the cure of all diseases, thehumours offending being known, and the contrary element given: It is an experiment worth the trying, and can do no harm. N 44 THE COMPLETE HERBAL THE LESSER CELANDINE, > usually * kernels the ears and throat, called the KNOWN BY THE NAME OF FHEWOBT ] eviI > ° r ^ 0ther hard W “ S OF AND FOG WORT. ,tUmOUIS. * Here s another secret for my countrymen I wonder what ailed the give to | and women, a couple of them together; wonder what ailed the ancients ^ this the name Celandine, which re-j Pilewort made into an oil, ointment, or sembles it neither in nature nor form; itjplaister, readily cures both the piles, or acquired the name of Pilewort from its \ haemorrhoids, and the king’s evil: The virtues, and it being no great matter where j very herb borne about one’s body next the I set it down, so I set it down at all, I \ skin helps in such diseases, though it never humoured Dr. Tradition so much, as to set j touch the place grieved ; let poor people him down here. J make much of it for those uses ; with this Descript.] This Celandine or Pilewort j1 cured my own daughter of the king’s (which you please) doth spread many round | evil, broke the sore, drew out a quarter of pale green leaves, set on weak and trailing j a pint of corruption, cured without any branches which lie upon the ground, and j scar at all in one week’s time, are flat, smooth, and somewhat shining,! and in some places (though seldom) marked j THE ORDINARY small centaury. with black spots, each standing on a long \ Descript.] This grows up most usually foot-stalk, among which rise small j^ellow j but with one round and somewhat crusted flowers, consisting of nine or ten small nar- j stalk, about a foot high or better, branching row leaves, upon slender foot-stalks, very! forth at the top into many sprigs, and some like unto Crowsfoot, whereunto the seed j also from the joints of the stalks below ; the also is not unlike being many small kernels \ flowers thus stand at the tops as it were in like a grain of corn sometimes twice as j one umbel or tuft, are of a pale red, tending long as others, of a whitish colour, with \ to carnation colour, consisting of five, fibres at the end of them. j sometimes six small leaves, very like those 1 Place.1 It grows for the most part in j of St. John’s Wort, opening themselves in moist corners of fields and places that are \ the day time and closing at night, after near water sides, yet will abide in drier j which come seeds in little short husks, in ground if they be but a little shady. j form like unto wheat corn. The leaves are Time.] It flowers betimes, about March ; small and somewhat round ; the root small or April, is quite gone by May ; so it can-: and hard, perishing every year. The whole not be found till it spring again. \ plant is of an exceeding bitter taste. Government and virtues .] It is under the \ There is another sort in all things like the dominion of Mars, and behold here another: former, save only it bears white flowers, verification of the learning of the ancients, j Place .] They grow ordinarily in fields, viz. that the virtue of an herb may be \ pastures, and woods, but that with the known by its signature, as plainly appears l white flowers not so frequently as the other, in this; for if you dig up the root of it, 1 Time.'] They flower in July or there- you shall perceive the perfect image of the 1 abouts, and seed within a month after, disease which they commonly call the piles, j Government and virtues.] They are under It is certain by good experience, that the; the dominion of the Sun, as appears in that decoction of the leaves and roots wonder- : their flowers open and shut as the Sun either fully helps piles and haemorrhoids, also j shews or hides his face. This herb, boiled AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 45 THE CHERRY-TREE. and drank, purges choleric and gross i the government of the Sun; yet this, if humours, and he.lps the sciatica; it opens ? you observe it, you shall find an excellent obstructions of the liver, gall, and speen, j truth ; in diseases of the blood, use the red helps the jaundice, and eases the pains in j Centaury; if of choler, use the yellow; the sides and hardness of the spleen, used j but if phlegm or water, you will find the outwardly, and is given with very good | white best, effect in agues. It helps those that have | the dropsy, or the green-sickness, beino'; much used by the Italians in powder ffrr? I suppose tnere are few but know this that purpose. It kills the worms in the j tree, for its fruit’s sake ; and therefore belly, as is found by experience. The \ I shall spare writing a description thereof, decoction thereof, viz. the tops of the stalks, \ Place.'] For the place of its growth, it with the leaves and flowers, is ..good against j is afforded room in every orchard, the cholic, and to bring down women’s \ Government and virtues .] It is a tree of courses, helps to void the dead birth, and j Venus. Cherries, as they are of different eases pains of the mother, and is very ef- ! tastes, so they are of different qualities, fectual in all old pains of the joints as the!The sweet pass through the stomach and gout, cramps, or convulsions. A dram of! the belly more speedily, but are of little the powder taken in wine, is a wonderful ? nourishment; the tart or sour are more good help against the biting and poison of {pleasing to an hot stomach, procure appe- an adder. The juice of the herb with j tite to meat, and help to cut tough phlegm, a little honey put to it, is good to clear the and gross humours; but when these are eyes from dimness, mists and clouds that offend or hinder sight. It is singularly good both for green and fresh wounds, as also for old ulcers and sores, to close up the one and cleanse the other, and perfectly to cure them both, although they are hollow or fistulous; the green herb especially, being bruised and laid thereto. The decoction thereof dropped into the ears, cleanses! dried, they are more binding to the belly than when they are fresh, being cooling in hot diseases, and welcome to the stomach, and provoke urine. The gum of the Cherry- tree, dissolved in wine is good for a cold, cough, and hoarseness of the throat; mends the colour in the face, sharpens the eye¬ sight, provokes appetite, and helps to break and expel the stone, and dissolved, the them from worms, cleanses the foul ulcers J water thereof is much used to break the and spreading scabs of the head, and takes? stone, and to expel gravel and wind. away all freckles, spots, and marks in the! winter-cherries. skin, being washed with it; the herb is so ? safe you cannot fail in the using of it, only | Descript.] The Winter Cherry has a giving it inwardly for inward diseases. ? running or creeping root in the ground, of It is very wholesome, but not very tooth-! the bigness many times of one’s little finger, some. | shooting forth at several joints in several There is beside these, another small; places, whereby it quickly spreads a great Centaury, which bears a yellow flower ; in | compass of ground. The stalk rises not all other respects it is like the former, save j above a yard high, whereon are set many that the leaves are larger, and of a darker; broad and long green leaves, somewhat green, and the stalks pass through the midstj like nightshades, but larger ; at the joints of them, as it does in the herb Thorowan. j whereof come forth whitish flowers made They are all of them, as I told you, under 5 of five leaves a piece, which afterwards *6 THE COMPLETE HERBAL turn into green berries inclosed with thin $ good to many, both to ease the pains, and skins, which change to be reddish when \ expel urine and the stone, and to cause the they grow ripe, the berry likewise being j stone not to engender. The decoction of reddish, and as large as a cherry; wherein j the berries in wine and water is the most are contained many flat and yellowish seeds \ usual way ; but the powder of them taken lying within the pulp, which being gathered ; in drink is more effectual, and strung; up, are kept all the year to be! 1 ° r • J J CHERVIL. used upon occasion. i Place. ] They grow not naturally in this ] It is called Cerefolium, Mirrhis, and land, but are cherished in gardens for their i Mirrha, Chervil, Sweet Chervil, and Sweet virtues. ' j Cicely. Thne.~\ They flower not until the middle 1 Descript. ] The garden Chervil doth at or latter end of Juty; and the fruit is ripe ] first somewhat resemble Parsley, but after it about August, or the beginning of Sep- j is better grown, the leaves are much cut in tember. : and jagged, resemblinghemlock,beingalittle • Government and virtues .] This also is a j hairy and of a whitish green colour, some- plant of Venus. They are of great use in j times turning reddish in the Summer, with physic : The leaves being cooling, may be; the stalks also ; it rises a little above half used in inflammations, but not opening as 1 a foot high, bearing white flowers in spiked the berries and fruit are; which by draw-] tufts, which turn into long and round seeds ing down the urine provoke it to be voided ] pointed at the ends, and blackish when they plentifully when it is stopped or grown hot, ] are ripe ; of a sweet taste, but no smell, sharp, and painful in the passage ; it is I though the herb itself smells reasonably good also to expel the stone and gravel out! well. The root is small and long, and of the reins, kidneys and bladder, helping ? perishes every } r ear, and must be sown to dissolve the stone, and voiding it by gritja-new in spring, for seed after July for or gravel sent forth in the urine; it also j Autumn fails. helps much to cleanse inward imposthumes \ The wild Chervil grows two or three feet or ulcers in the reins or bladder, or in those; high, with yellow stalks and joints, set with that void a bloody or foul urine. The 1 broader and more hairy leaves, divided distilled water of the fruit, or the leaves j into sundry parts, nicked about the edges, together with them, or the berries, green or j and of a dark green colour, which likewise dry, distilled with a little milk and drank 1 grow reddish with the stalks; at the tops morning and evening with a little sugar, is ] whereof stand small white tufts, of flowers, effectual to all the purposes before specified, ] afterwards smaller and longer seed. The and especially against the heat and sharp- ] root is white, hard, and enduring long, ness of the urine. I shall only mention ] This has little or no scent, one way, amongst many others, which j Placed] The first is sown in gardens for might be used for ordering the berries, to \ a sallad herb; the second grows wild in be helpful for the urine and the stone ; \ many of the meadows of this land, and by which is this : Take three or four good * the hedge sides, and on heaths, handfuls of the berries, either green or j Time.] They flower and seed early, and fresh, or dried, and having bruised them, ] thereupon are sown again in the end of put them into so many gallons of beer or j Summer. ale when it is new tunned up: This drink, j Government and virtues .] The garden taken daily, has been found to do much'Chervil being eaten, doth moderately warm AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 47 the stomach, and is a certain remedy (saith ! after-birth, procures an appetite to meat, Tragus) to dissolve congealed or clotted j and expels wind. The juice is good to blood in the body, or that which is clotted: heal the ulcers of the head and face; the by bruises, falls, &c. The juice or distilled | candied root hereof are held as effectual as water thereof being drank, and the bruised ? Angelica, to preserve from infection in the leaves laid to the place, being taken either 5 time of a plague, and to warm and com- in meat or drink, it is good to help to pro- \ fort a cold weak stomach. It is so harn.- voke urine, or expel the stone in the kid- \ less, you cannot use it amiss. neys, to send down women's courses and j chesnut tree. to help the pleurisy and pricking of the? sides. | It were as needless to describe a tree so The wild Chervil bruised and applied, commonly known as to tell a man he had dissolves swellings in any part, or the * gotten a mouth ; therefore take the govern- marks of congealed blood by bruises or ? ment and virtues of them thus : blows, in a little space. j The tree is abundantly under the do- \ minion of Jupiter, and therefore the fruit sweet chervil, or sweet cicely, j m ust needs breed good blood, and yield Descript .] This grows very like the ? commendable nourishment to the body; great hemlock, having large spread leaves j yet if eaten over-much, they make the cut into divers parts, but of a fresher green j blood thick, procure head ache, and bind colour than the Hemlock, tasting as sweety the body; the inner skin, that covers the as the Anniseed. The stalks rise up a yard j nut, is of so binding a quality, that a high, or better, being creased or hollow, j scruple of it being taken by a man, or ten having leaves at the joints, but lesser ; and \ grains by a child, soon stops any flux what- at the 5 tops of the branched stalks, umbels j soever: The whole nut being dried and or tufts of white flowers; after which comes j beaten into powder, and a dram taken at long crested black shining seed, pointed at ja time, is a good remedy to stop the terms both ends, tasting quick, yet sweet and j in women. If you dry Chesnuts, (only the pleasant. The root is great and white, kernels I mean) both the barks being taken growing deep in the ground, and spreading \ away, beat them into powder, and make sundry long branches therein, in taste and j the powder up into an electuary with honey, smell stronger than the leaves or seeds, and so have you an admirable remedy for the cough and spitting of blood. EARTH CHESNUTS. continuing many years. Place.'] This grows in gardens. \ Government and virtues.] These are all \ three of them of the nature of Jupiter, and ? They are called Earth-nuts, Earth under his dominion. This whole plant, ? Chesnuts, Giound Nuts, Ciper-nuts, and in besides its pleasantness in sallads, has its j Sussex Pig-nuts. A description of them physical virtue. The root boiled, and eaten j were needless, for every chilcl knows them, with oil and vinegar, (or without oil) do \ Government and virtues.] They are some- much please and warm old and cold sto-? thing hot and diy in quality, under the machs oppressed with wind or phlegm, or j dominion of Venus, they provoke lust those that have the phthisic or consump- j exceedingly, and stir up to those sports she tion of the lungs. The same drank with j is mistress of; the seed is excellent good to wine is a preservation from the plague. It j provoke urine ; and so also is the root, but provokes womens courses, and expels the j it doth not perform it so forcibly as the seed (5, 6.) o 48 THE COMPLETE HERBAL doth. The root being dried and beaten 5 the swellings and ease the pains. It helps into powder, and the powder made into an j the sineAvs when they are shrunk by cramps, electuary, is as singular a remedy for spitting j or otherwise, and to extend and make them electuary,-, - a „ . w. . and nissino' of blood, as the former Chesnut \ pliable again by this medicine. ^ 1 1 onrl o Vi was for coughs. CHICK AVE ED. J/, Boil a handful of ChickAveed, and a handful of red rose leaves dried, in a quart of musca- s dine, until a fourth part be consumed; It is so generally kno\\ r n to most people, jj then put to them a pint of oil of trotters or that I shall not trouble you with the descrip- ■ sheep’s feet; let them boil a good while, tion thereof, nor myself Avith setting forth \ still stirring them Avell; Avhich being strained, the several kinds, since but only tAvo or \ anoint the grieved place therewith, warm three are considerable for their usefulness. \ against the fire, rubbing it well with one Place.] They are usually found in moistj hand : and bind also some of the herb (if and watery places, by wood sides, and else- ! you will) to the place, and, Avith God's w here. j blessing, it will help it in three times Time.] They flower about June, and J dressing. their seed is ripe in July. j chick-pease, or cicers. Government ana virtues. J It is a hne sort * pleasing herb under the dominion of the* Descript.] The garden sorts, whether Moon. It is found to be effectual as j red, black, or white, bring forth stalks a Purslain to all the purposes whereunto it \ yard long, whereon do grow many small serves, except for meat only. The herb \ and almost round leaves, dented about the bruised, or the juice applied (with cloths or ledges, set on both sides of a middle rib ; sponges dipped therein) to the region of the j At the joints come forth one or tAvo floAvers, liver, and as they dry, to have it fresh ap- \ upon sharp foot stalks, pease-fashion, either plied, doth wonderfully temperate the heat j white or whitish, or purplish red, lighter of the liver, and is effectual for all impos- j or deeper, according as the pease that thumes and swellings whatsoever, for all * folloAv will be, that are contained in small, redness in the face, Avheals, pushes, itch, j thick, and short pods, wherein lie one or scabs; the juice either simply used, or j two pease, more usually pointed at the boiled with hog's grease and applied, helps * loAver end, and almost round at the head, cramps, convulsions, and palsy. The juice, \ yet a little cornered or sharp ; the root is or distilled Avater, is of much good use for j small, and perishes yearly, all heats and redness in the eyes, to drop \ Place and Time.] They are sown in gar some thereof into them; as also into the \ dens, or fields as pease, being soAvn later ears, to ease pains in them ; and is of good 1 than pease, and gathered at the same time effect to ease pains from the heat and sharp- * Avith them, or presently after, ness of the blood in the piles, and generally \ Government and virtues.] They are both all pains in the body that arise of heat. * under the dominion of Venus. They are It is used also in hot and virulent ulcers j less windy than beans, but nourish more; and sores in the privy parts of men and \ they provoke urine, and are thought to in¬ women, or on the legs, or elsewhere. The \ crease sperm; they have a cleansing faculty, leaves boiled with marsh-mallows, and \ whereby they break the stone in the kid- made into a poultice with fenugreek and * neys. To drink the cream of them, being linseed, applied to swellings or impos-| boiled in water, is the best way. It moves thumes, ripen and break them, or assuage 1 the belly downwards, provokes women's AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 49 courses and urine, increases both milk and; seed. One ounce of Cicers, two ounces of* French barley, and a small handful of: Marsh-mallow roots, clean washed and cut,: being boiled in the broth of a chicken, and \ four ounces taken in the morning, and; fasting two hours after, is a good medicine j for a pain in the sides. The white Cicers | are used more for meat than medicine, yet j have the same effect, and are thought more: powerlul to increase milk and seed. The: wild Cicers are so much more powerful i than the garden kinds, by how much they \ exceed them in heat and dryness ; whereby \ they do more open obstructions, break the j stone, and have all the properties of cutting, j opening, digesting, and dissolving; and j this more speedily and certainly than the I former. j \ FIVE-LEAVED GRASS;! FIVE-! CINQUEFOIL, OR CALLED IN SOME FINGERED GRASS. COUNTIES, i % Descript.] It spreads and creeps far* upon the ground, with long slender strings: like straw berries, which take root again, | and shoot forth many leaves, made of five: parts, and sometimes of seven, dented about j the edges, and somewhat hard. The stalks : are slender, leaning downwards and bear! many small yellow flowers thereon, with \ some yellow threads in the middle, standing \ about a smooth green head, which, when it \ is ripe, is a little rough, and contains small; brownish seeds. The root is of a blackish j brown colours, as big as one’s little finger,} but growing long,with some threads thereat; \ and by the small string it quickly spreads j over the ground. \ Place.] It grows by wood sides, hedge J sides, the path-way in fields, and in the | borders and corners of them almost through : all this land. ; Time.] It flowers in summer, somej sooner, some later. j Government and virtues. 1 This is an herb \ J * of Jupiter, and therefore strengthens the part of the body it rules; let Jupiter be angular and strong when it is gathered; and if you give but a scruple (which is but twenty grains,) of it at a time, either in white wine, or in white wine vinegar, you shall very seldom miss the cure of an ague, be it what ague soever, in three fits, as I have often proved to the admiration both of myself and others ; let no man despise it because it is plain and easy, the ways of God are all such. It is an especial herb used in all inflammations and fevers, whether infectious or pestilential ; or among other herbs to cool and temper the blood and humours in the body. As also for all lotions, gargles^ infections, and the like, for sore mouths, ulcers, cancers, fistulas, and other corrupt, foul, or running sores. The juice hereof drank, about four ounces at a time, for certain days together, cures the quinsey and yellow jaundice ; and taken for thirty days together, cures the falling sickness. The roots boiled in milk, and drank, is a most effectual remedy for all fluxes in man or woman, whether the white or red, as also the bloody flux. The roots boiled in vine¬ gar, and the decoction thereof held in the mouth, eases the pains of the tooth- ach. The juice or decoction taken with a little honey, helps the hoarseness of the throat, and is very good for the cough of the lungs. The distilled water of both roots and leaves is also effectual to all the purposes aforesaid ; and if the hands be often washed therein, and suffered at every time to dry in of itself without wiping, it will in a short time help the palsy, or shaking in them. The root boiled in vinegar, helps all knots, kernels, hard swellings, and lumps growing in any part of the flesh, being thereto applied; as also inflammations, and St. An¬ thony’s fire, all imposthumes, and pain¬ ful sores with heat and putrefaction, the shingles also, and all other sorts of 50 THE COMPLETE HERBAL running and foul scabs, sores and itch, has four square stalks, with broad, rough. The same also boiled in wine, and applied \ wrinkled, whitish, or hoary green leaves, to any joint full of pain, ache, or the gout j somewhat evenly cut in on the edges, and in the hands or feet, or the hip gout, called j of a strong sweet scent, growing some near the Sciatica, and the decoction thereof \ the ground, and some by couples upon drank the while, doth cure them, and eases j stalks. The flow'ers grow at certain dis- much pain in the bowels. The roots are j tances, with two small leaves at the joints likewise effectual to help ruptures or burst- \ under them, somewhat like unto the flowers ings, being used with other things available \ of Sage, but smaller, and of a whitish blue to that purpose, taken either inwardly or 1 colour. The seed is brownish, and some- outwardly, or both ; as also bruises or \ what flat, or not so round as the wild. The hurts by blows, falls, or the like, and to j roots are blackish, and spread not far, and stay the bleeding of wounds in any parts j perish after the seed time. It is usually inward or outward. j sown, for it seldom rises of its own sowing. Some hold that one leaf cures a quo-1 Place.] This grows in gardens, tidian, three a tertain, and four a quartan \ Tinted] It flowers in June and July, ague, and a hundred to one if it be not j some a little later than others, and their Dioscorides ; for he is full of whimsies, j seed is ripe in August, or thereabouts. The truth is, I never stood so much upon * Government and virtues .] It is under the the number of the leaves, nor whether I \ dominion of the Moon. The seed put into give it in powder or decoction: If Jupiter | the eyes clears them from motes, and such were strong, and the Moon applying to j like things gotten within the lids to offend him, or his good aspect at the gathering, | them, as also clears them from white and I never knew it miss, the desired effect. ! red spots on them. The mucilage of the | seed made with water, and applied to CIVES * \ tumours, or swellings, disperses and takes Called also Rush Leeks, Chives, Civet, \ them away; as also draws forth splinters, and Sweth. \ thorns, or other things gotten into the flesh. Government and virtues.] I confess I had 5 The leaves used with vinegar, either by not added these, had it not been for a coun- j itself, or with a little honey, doth help boils, try gentleman, who by a letter certified \ felons, and the hot inflammation that are me, that amongst other herbs, I had left! gathered by their pains, if applied before Jiese out; they are indeed a kind of leeks, j it be grown too great. The powder of the hot and dry in the fourth degree as they \ dried root put into the nose, provokes are, and so under the dominion of Mars ;! sneezing, and thereby purges the head and if they be eaten raw, (I do not mean raw, j brain of much rheum and corruption. The opposite to roasted or boiled, but raw, j seed or leaves taken in wine, provokes to opposite to chymical preparation) they send \ venery. It is of much use both for men up very hurtful vapours to the brain, caus- \ and women that have weak backs, and ing troublesome sleep, and spoiling the j lit lps to strengthen the reins: used either eye-sight, yet of them prepared by the art: by itself, or with other herbs conducing to of the alchymist, may be made an excel-j the same effect, and in tansies often. The lent remedy for the stoppage of the urine. * fresh leaves dipped in a batter of flour, CLARY. OR MORE PROPERLY CLEAR-EYE. i ^ j 1 Uttl ® 3nd f " ed , buUer ' land served to the table, is not unpleasant Descript.'] Qua ordinary garden Claryj to any, but exceedingly profitable for ihose FAND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 51 that are troubled with weak backs, and the j safer, and easier remedy by a great deal, effects thereof. The juice of the herb put 5 than to tear it off with a needle, into ale or bear, and drank, brings down 1 women’s courses, and expels the after-birth. CLEAVERS. WILD CLARY. Wild Clary is most blasphemously called Christ’s Eye, because it cures dis¬ eases of the eye. I could wish for my soul, blasphemy, ignorance, and tyranny, were ceased among physicians, that they may be happy, and I joyful. Descript.'] It is like the other Clary, but lesser, with many stalks about a foot and a half high. The stalks are square, and somewhat hairy; the flowers of a bluish colour ; He that knows the common Clary cannot be ignorant of this. Place.] It grows commonly in this na¬ tion in barren places; you may find it plentifully, if you look in the fields near Gray’s Inn, and near Chelsea. Time.] They flower from the beginning of June to the latter end of A ugust. Government and virtues.] It is something hotter and drier than the garden Clary is, yet nevertheless under the dominion of the Moon, as well as that; the seeds of it being beat to powder, and drank with wine, is an admirable help to provoke lust. A de¬ coction of the leaves being drank, warms the stomach, and it is a wonder if it should not, the stomach being under Cancer, the house of the Moon. Also it helps diges¬ tion, scatters congealed blood in any part of the body. The distilled water hereof cleanses the eyes of redness, waterishness, and heat: It is a gallant remedy for dim¬ ness of sight, to take one of the seeds of it, and put into the eyes, and there let it re¬ main till it drops out of itself, (the pain will be nothing to speak on,) it will cleanse the eyes of all filthy and putrified matter; and in often repeating it, will take off a film which covers the sight: a handsomer, (5, 6.) | It is also called jAperine, Goose-share, \ Goose-grass, and Cleavers. Descript.] The common Cleavers have | divers very rough square stalks, not so big las the top of a point, but rising up to be | two or three yards high sometimes, if it «meet with any tall bushes or trees whereon | it may climb, yet without any claspers, or 1 else much lower, and lying on the ground, 1 full of joints, and at every one of them \ shoots forth a branch, besides the leaves i thereat, which are usually six, set in a round | compass like a star, or a rowel of a spur: j From between the leaves or the joints to- \ wards the tops of the branches, come forth \ very small white flowers, at every end, j upon small thready foot-stalks, which after they have fallen, there do shew two small round and rough seeds joined together, which, when they are ripe, grow hard | and whitish, having a little hole on the I side, something like unto a navel. Both \ stalks, leaves, and seeds are so rough, : that they will cleave to any thing that will I touch them. The root is small and thready, j spreading much to the ground, but dies \ every year. : Place.] It grows by the hedge and ditch- \ sides in many places of this land, and is so I troublesome an inhabitant in gardens, that ; it ramps upon, and is ready to choak what- t ever grows near it. j Time.] It flowers in June or July, and | the seed is ripe and falls again in the end 1 of July or August, from whence it springs ; up again, and not from the old roots. Government and virtues.] It is under the | dominion of the Moon. The juice of the ; herb and the seed together taken in wine, \ helps those bitten with an adder, by pre¬ serving the heart from the venom. It is I familiarly taken in broth to keep them lean 52 THE COMPLETE HERBAL and lank, that are apt to grow fat. The? distilled water drank twice a day, helps the j yellow jaundice, and the decoction of the ! herb, in Experience, is found to do the same, \ and stays lasks and bloody-fluxes. Thej juice of the leaves, or they a little bruised, \ and applied to any bleeding wounds, stays $ the bleeding. The juice also is very good | to close up the lips of greed wounds, and \ the powder of the dried herb strewed there- \ upon doth the same, and likewise helps $ old ulcers. Being boiled in hog's grease, 5 it helps all sorts of hard swellings or ker- j nels in the throat, being anointed there- ? with. The juice dropped into the ears, j takes away the pain of them. It is a good remedy in the Spring, eaten ; (being first chopped small, and boiled well) \ in water-gruel, to cleanse the blood, and j strengthen the liver, thereby to keep the \ body in health, and fitting it for that change \ of season that is coming. \ clown's woodwort. \ \ Descript .] It grows up sometimes to \ two or three feet, high, but usually about* two feet, with square green rough stalks, \ but slender, joined somewhat far asunder, * and two very long, somewhat narrow, dark : green leaves, bluntly dented about the! edges thereof, ending in a long point. The ? flowers stand towards the tops, compassing j the stalks at the joints with the leaves, tjnd \ end likewise in a spiked top, having long! and much gaping hoods of a purplish red \ colour, with whitish spots in them, standing! in somewhat round husks, wherein after- \ wards stand blackish round seeds. The! root is composed of many long strings, j with some tuberous long knobs growing { among them, of a pale yellowish or whitish ; colour, yet some times of the year these! knobby roots in many places are not seen! in this plant: This plant smells somewhat! trong. \ Place .] It grows in sundry counties of! this land, both north and west, and fre¬ quently b} r path-sides in the fields near about London, and within three or four miles distant about it, yet it usually grows in or near ditches. Time.'] It flowers in June or July, and the seed is ripe soon after. Government and virtues.] It is under the dominion of the planet Saturn. It is sin¬ gularly effectual in all fresh and green wounds, and therefore bears not this name for nought. And it is very available in staunching of blood and to dry up the fluxes of humours in old fretting ulcers, cankers, Sc c. that hinder the healing of them. A s 3 Tup made of the juice of it, is inferior to none for inward wounds, ruptures of veins, bloody flux, vessels broken, spitting, urining, or vomiting blood : Ruptures are excellent and speedily, even to admiration, cured by taking now and then a little of the syrup, and applying an ointment or plaister of this herb to the place. Also, if any vein be swelled or muscle, apply a plaister of this herb to it, and if you add a little Comfrey to it, it will not be amiss I assure thee the herb deserves commenda¬ tion, though it has gotten such a clownish name; and whosoever reads this, (if he try it, as I have done,) will commend it; only take notice that it is of a dry earthy quality. cock's head, red fitching, or me- -DICK FETCH. Descript.] This has divers weak but rough stalks, half a yard long, leaning downward, but set with winged leaves, longer and more pointed than those of Lintels, and whitish underneath ; from the tops of these stalks arise up other slender stalks, naked without leaves unto the tops, where there grow many small flowers in manner of a spike, of a pale reddish colour, with some blueuess among them; after which rise up in then* places, round, rough. AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 63 and somewhat flat heads. The root is \ tough, and somewhat woody, yet lives and j shoots a-new every year, ! Place.'] It grows upon hedges, and $ sometimes in the open fields, in divers j places of this land. ! Time.] They flower all the months of! July and August, and the seed ripen in| the mean while. * j Government and virtues.] It is under the j ( ominion of Venus. It has power to rarify j and digest; and therefore the green leaves \ bruised and laid as a plaister, disperse! knots, nodes, or kernels in the flesh; and j if, when dry, it be taken in wine, it helps j the stranguary ; and being anointed with \ oil, it provokes sweat. It is a singular food \ for cattle, to cause them to give store of! milk ; and why then may it not do the like, ? being boiled in ordinary drink, for nurses, ! COLUMBINES. (A These are so well known, growing al-j most in every garden, that I think I may \ save the expence of time in writing a de-i scription of them. \ Time.] They flower in May, and abide! not for the most part when June is past,! perfecting their seed in the mean time. Government and virtues.] It is also anj herb of Venus. The leaves of Columbines! are commonly used in lotions with good ! success for sore mouths and throats. Tra-! gus saith, that a dram of the' seed taken m ! wine with a little saffron, opens obstruc-! tions of the liver, and is good for the yellow j jaundice, if the party after the taking j thereof be laid to sweat well in bed. The \ seed also taken in wine causes a speedy j delivery of women in childbirth: if one \ draught suffice not, let her drink the! second, and it will be effectual: The \ Spaniards used to eat a piece of the root \ thereof in the morning fasting, many days \ together, to help them when troubled with \ the stone in the reins or kidneys. \ coltsfoot. A £/, Called also Coughwort, Foal’s-foot, Horse-hoof, and Bull’s-foot. Descript.] This shoots up a slender stalk, with small yellowish flowers somewhat earlier, which fall away quickly, and after they are past, come up somewhat round .leaves, sometimes dented about the edges, much lesser, thicker, and greener than those of butter-bur, with a little down or frieze over the green leaf on the upper side, which may be rubbed away, and whitish or meally underneath. The root is small and white, spreading much under ground, so that where it takes' it will hardly be driven away again, if any little piece be abid¬ ing therein; and from thence spring fresh leaves. Place.] It grows as well in wet grounds as in drier places, Time.] And flowers in the end of February, the leaves begin to appear in March. Government and virtues. The plant is under Venus, the fresh leaves or juice, or a syrup thereof is good fora hot dry cough, or wheezing, and shortness of breath. The dry leaves are best for those that have thin rheums and distillations upon their lungs, causing a cough, for which also the dried •leaves taken as tobacco, or the root is very good. The distilled water hereof simply, or with Elder flowers and Nightshade, is a singularly good'remedy against all hotagues, to drink two ounces at a time, and apply cloths wet therein to the head and stomach, which also does much good, being applied to an} 7 hot swellings and inflammations : It helps St. Anthony’s fire, and burnings, and is singularly good to take away wheals and small pushes that arise through heat; as also the burning heat of the piles, or privy parts, cloths wet therein being there¬ unto applied. THE COMPLETE HERBAL 54 COMFEEY. 5 of the lungs, and causes the phlegm that \ oppresses them to be easily spit forth : It This is a very common but a very neg-t helps the deduction of rheum from the lected plant. It contains very great virtues.: head upon the lungs, the fluxes of blood or Descript .] The common Great Com-; humours by the belly, women's immoderate frey has divers very large hairy green leaves ; courses, as well the reds as the whites, and lyino- on the ground, so hairy or prickly, | the running of the reins, happening by what that if they touch any tender parts of the § cause soever. A syrup made thereof is hands, face, or body, it will cause it to itch; | very effectual for all those inward griefs the stalks that rise from among them, being : and hurts, and the distilled water for the two or three feet high, hollow and cornered, j same purpose also, and for outward wounds is very hairy also, having many such like; and sores in the fleshy or sinewy part of the leaves as grow below, but less and less up j body whatsoever, as also to take away the to the top: At the joints of the stalks it is j fits of agues, and to allay the sharpness of divided into many branches, with some $ humours. A decoction of the leaves here- leaves thereon, and at the ends stand many 1 of is available to all the purposes, though flowers in order one above another, which j not so effectual as the roots. The roots are somewhat long and hollow like the j being outwardly applied, help fresh wounds finger of a glove, of a pale whitish colour,; or cuts immediately, being bruised and laid after which come small black seeds. The j thereto; and is special good for ruptures roots are great, and long, spreading great and broken bones; yea, it is said to be so thick branches under ground, black on the powerful to consolidate and knit together, outside, and whitish within, short and easy jthat if they be boiled with dissevered pieces to break, and full of glutinous or clammy j of flesh in a pot, it will join them together juice, of little or no taste at all. ; again. It is good to be applied to women's There is another sort in all things like; breasts that grow sore by the abundance this, only somewhat less, and bears flowers $ of milk coming into them ; also to repress of a pale purple colour. $ the over much bleeding of the haemorrhoids, Place .] They grow by ditches and ; to cool the inflammation of the parts there- water-sides, and in divers fields that arejabouts, and to give ease of pains. The moist, for therein they chiefly delight to ; roots of Comfrey taken fresh, beaten small, grow. The first generally through all the \ and spread upon leather, and laid upon land, and the other but in some places. By j any place troubled with the gout, doth the leave of my authors, I know the first j presently give ease of the pains; and ap- grows in dry places. \ plied in the same manner, gives ease to Time.'] They flower in June or July, j pained joints, and profits very much for and give their seed in August. j running and moist ulcers, gangrenes, mor- Government and virtues.] This is an herb j tifications, and the like, for which it hath of Saturn, and I suppose under the sign j by often experience been found helpful, j Capricorn, cold, dry, and earthy in quality. \ What was spoken of Clown’s Woundwort \ coral wort. may be said of this. The Great Comfrey j It is also called bv some Toothwon, helps those that spit blood, or make a j Tooth Violet, Dog-Teeth Violet, and bloody urine. The root boiled in water or* Dentaria. wine, and the decoction drank, helps all | Descript.] Of the many sorts of this inward hurts, bruises, wounds, and ulcers 1 herb two of them may be found growing AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 55 in this nation ; the first of which shoots: wounds, especially such as are made in the forth one or two winged leaves, upon long | breast or lungs, by taking a dram of the brownish foot-stalks, which are doubled powder of the root every morning in wine : down at their first coming out of the ground; \ the same is excellently good for ruptures, as when they are fully opened they consist! also to stop duxes; an ointment made of it of seven leaves, most commonly of a sad j is exceedingly good for wounds and ulcers, green colour, dented about the edges, set j for it soon dries up the watery humours on both sides the middle rib one against; which hinder the cure. OR ALCOST, HERB. .2?. vx. x. OR BALSAM another, as the leaves of the ash tree; the j stalk bears no leaves on the lower half off C0S ’ it; the upper half bears sometimes three or i four, each consisting of five leaves, some -\ This is so frequently known to be an times of three ; on the top stand four or j inhabitant in almost every garden, that I five dowers upon short foot-stalks, with : suppose it needless to write a description Jong husks ; the dowers are very like the $ thereof. flowers of Stockgilliflowers, of a palel Time.] It flowers in June and July, purplish colour, consisting of four leaves \ Government and virtues.] It is under the a-piece, after which come small pods, which j dominion of Jupiter. The ordinary Cost- contain the seed; the root is very smooth, j mary, as well as Maudlin, provokes urine white and shining ; it does not grow down-i abundantly, and moistens the hardness of wards, but creeps along under the upper \ the mother; it gently purges choler and crust of the ground, and consists of divers j phlegm, extenuating that which is gross, small round knobs set together; towards | and cutting that which is tough and glu- the top of the stalk there grows some single | tinous, cleanses that which is foul, and leaves, by each of which comes a small j hinders putrefaction and corruption; it cloven bulb, which when it is ripe, if it be j dissolves without attraction, opens obstruc- set in the ground, it will grow to be a root. \ tions, and helps their evil effects, and it is a As for the other Coralwort, which grows | wonderful help to all sorts of dry agues, in this nation, it is more scarce than this, \ It is astringent to the stomach, and being a very small plant, much like Crow- * strengthens the liver, and all the other in¬ foot, therefore the sorts of to direct you the description. j that are continual, and to stay, dry up, and Place.] The flrst grows in Mayfield in j consume all thin rheums or distillations Sussex, in a wood called Highread, and in \ from the head into the stomach, and helps another wood there also, called Eox-holes. I much to digest raw humours that are Time.] They flower from the latter end j gathered therein. It is very profitable for of April to the middle of May, and before; those that are fallen into a continual evil the middle of July they are gone, and not $ disposition of the whole body, called to be found. ' ; Cachexia, but especially in the beginning Government and virtues.] It is under thejof the disease. It is an especial friend and dominion of the Moon. It cleanses the j help to evil, weak and cold livers. The bladder, and provokes urine, expels gravel,; seed is familiarly given to children for the and the stone ; it eases pains in the sides \ worms, and so is the infusion of the flowers and bowels, is excellently good for inward S in white wine given them to the quantity of ( 5 , 6.) Q 56 ’ THE COMPLETE HERBAL two ounces at a lime; it makes an excellent 5 and the worms, and being either drank or salve to cleanse and heal old ulcers, being j injected, for the disease called Tenesmus, boiled with oil of olive, and Adder s tongue j which is an often provocation to the stool with it, and after it is strained, put a little \ without doing any thing. The green leaves wax, rosin, and turpentine, to bring it to a j bruised, and laid to any green wound, stays convenient body. j the bleeding, and heals it up quickly/ The cudweed, on cotton weed, pfJ/Vi 11 * 06 °C>v ie ^ ei ^ J ta ^ en * n wine and.milk, ;is, as I liny saith, a sovereign remedy Besides Cudweed and Cottonweed, it is; against the mumps and quinsey; and further also Called Chaffweed, Dwarf Cotton, and \ saith, That whosoever shall so take it, shall Petty Cotton. j never be troubled with that disease again. Descript .J The common Cudweed rises j up with one stalk sometimes, and some-* cowslips, or peagles.p. V( . times with two or three, thick set on all j Both the wild and garden Cowslips are sides with small, long and narrow whitish iso well known, that I neither trouble my- or woody leaves, from the middle of the | self nor the reader with a description of stalk almost up to the top, with every leaf j them. stands small flowers of a dun or brownish j Time.] They flower in April and May. yellow colour, or not so yellow as others; j Government and virtues.] Venus lays in which herbs, after the flowers are fallen, j claim to this herb as her own, and it is come small seed wrapped up, with the down j under the sign Aries, and our city dames therein, and is carried away with the wind ; j know well enough the ointment or distilled the root is small and thready. water of it adds beauty, or at least restores There are other sorts hereof, which are it when it is lost. The flowers are held to somewhat less than the former, not much j be more effectual than the leaves, and the different, save only that the stalks and \ roots of little use. An ointment being leaves are shorter, so that the flowers are j made with them, takes away spots and sun-burning, and paler and more open. j wrinkles of the skin, D uu- U uimug, cum Flace.] fhey grow in dry, barren, sandy, j freckles, and adds beauty exceedingly; and gravelly grounds, in most places of j they remedy all infirmities of the head tins land. j coming of heat and wind, as vertigo, eplii- lime.j f hey flower about July, somelaltes, false apparitions, phrensies/falling- eailier, some later, and then seed is ripe in x sickness, palsies, convulsions, cramps, pains August. ; in the nerves; the roots ease pains in the Government and virtues.] Venus is Lady back and bladder, and open the passages of of it. The plants are all astringent, bind- urine. The leaves are good in wounds. • 1 ! 1 « o ' - 7 V**.a**v>. UiD ill WUU mg, or drymg, and therefore profitable for J and the flowers take away trembling. If deductions of rheum from the head, and to! the flowers be not well dried, and kept in H V II11Y PC rIT n I AArl TIT n 4- 1. _ J _ J i 1 • 1 stay fluxes of blood wheresoever, the de-la warm place, they will soon putrefy and coc ion being made into red wine and i look green : Have a special eye over them, dian or the powder taken therein. It also j If you let them see the Sun once a month, helps tne bloody-tlux, and eases the tor- it will do neither the Sun nor them harm ments that come thereby, stays the immode- * Because they strengthen the brain and rate courses of women, and is also good for j nerves, and remedy palsies, the Greeks inward m outward wounds, hurts, and gave them the name Paralysis. The dowers biuises, and helps children both of burstings * preserved or conserved, and the quantity of AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 57 a nutmeg eaten every morning, is a sufficient I low, after which comes small pods, which dose for inward diseases ; but for wounds, j contain the seed. spots, wrinkles, and sunburnings, an oint- \ Place.] It is a common herb, grows ment is made of the leaves, and hog’s j usually by the way-side, and sometimes grease. | upon mud walls about London, but it crab's claws, j?. V | - , — w stones and j upon \ delights to grow most among : rubbish. Called also Water Sengreen, Knight’s j Time.] It flowers Pond Water, Water House-leek, Pond j and the seed is Weed, and Fresh-water Soldier. \ Descript.] It has sundry long narrow j leaves, with sharp prickles on the edges of them, also very sharp pointed; the stalks which bear flowers, seldom grow so high as the leaves, bearing a forked head, like a Crab’s'Claw, out of which comes a white in June and July, ripe in August and Sep¬ tember. Government and virtues.] It is a plant of a hot and biting nature, under the dominion of Mars. The seed of Black Cresses strengthens the brain exceedingly, being, in performing that office, little inferior to mustard seed, if at all; they are excellently out of which flower, consisting of three leaves, with divers j good to stay those rheums which may fall yellowish hairy threads in the middle ; it jj down from the head upon the lungs ; you takes root in the mud at the bottom of the jj may beat the seed into powder, if you ; please, and make it up into an electuary with honey; so you have an excellent j remedy by you, not only for the premises, water. Place.] It grows plentifully in the fens' in Lincolnshire. Time.] It flowers in June, and usually j but also for the cough, yellow jaundice and from thence till August. Government and virtues.] It is a plant under the dominion of Venus, and there¬ fore a great strengthener of the reins ; it is excellently good for inflammation which is commonly called St. Anthony’s Fire; it sciatica. This herb boiled into a poultice is an excellent remedy for inflammations both in women’s breasts, and men’s testicles. sciatica cresses. jP.-v. Descript.] These are of two kinds; assuages © inflammations, and swellings in j The first rises up with a round stalk about .two feet high, spreads into divers branches, whose lower leaves are somewhat ointment made of it to heal them: there is is larger wounds: and an excellently good scarcely a better remedy growing than this j than the upper, yet all of them cut or torn is, for such as have bruised their kidneys, : on the edges, somewhat like the garden and upon that account discharge blood ; a \ Cresses, but smaller, the flowers are small dram of the powder of the herb taken j and white, growing at the tops of branches, every morning, is a very good remedy to J where afterwards grow husks with small stop the terms. j brownish seeds therein very strong and j sharp in taste, more than the Cresses of the I garden ; the root is long, white, and woody. Descript.] It has long leaves, deeply j The other has the lower leaves whole, cut and jagged on both sides, not much j somewhat long and broad, not torn at all, unlike wild mustard ; the stalk small, verv \ but only somewhat deeply dented about limber, though very tough: you may twist \ the edges towards the ends; but those that them round as you may a willow before they \ grow up higher are smaller. The flowers break. The flowers are very small and yei-1 and seeds are like the former, and so is the BLACK CRESSES. P. VI 58 THE COMPLETE HERBAL root likewise, and both root and seeds as sharp as it. Place.] They grow in the way-sides in untilled places, and by the sides of old walls. Time.] They flower in the end of June, and their seed is ripe in July. Government and virtues.] It is a Saturnine plant. The leaves, but especially the root, taken fresh in Summer-time,beaten or made \ into a poultice or salve with old hog’s grease, j and applied to the places pained with the j sciatica, to continue thereon four hours if it ? be on a man, and two hours on a woman; j the place afterwards bathed witii wine and j oil mixed together, and then wrapped with j wool or skins, after they have sweat a little, \ will assuredly cure not only the same dis- ^ ease in hips, knuckle-bone, or other of the j joints, as gout in the hands or feet, but all j other old griefs of the head, (as inveterate j rheums,) and other parts of the body that; are hard to be cured. And if of the former I griefs any parts remain, the same medicine j after twenty days, is to be applied again.: The same is also effectual in the diseases of the spleen; and applied to the skin, takes away the blemish thereof, whether they be scars, leprosy, scabs, or scurf, which although it ulcerate the part, yet that is to be helped afterwards with a salve made of oil and wax. Esteem this as another secret. WATER CRESSES P. vi Descript.] Our ordinary Water Cresses spread forth with many weak, hollow, sappy stalks, shooting out fibres at the joints, and upwards long winged leaves made of sundry broad sappy almost round leaves, of a brownish colour. The flowers are many and white, standing on long foot-stalks, after which come small yellow seed, con¬ tained in small long pods like horns. The whole plant abides green in the winter, and tastes somewhat hot and sharp. Place.] They grow, for the most part, in small standing waters, yet sometimes in small rivulets of running water. Time. 1 They flower and seed in the beginning of Summer. Government and virtues. It is an herb under the dominion of the Moon. They are more powerful against the scurvy, and to cleanse the blood and humours, than Brooklime is, and serve in all the other uses in which Brooklime is available, as to break the stone, and provoke urine and women’s courses. The decoction thereof cleanses ulcers, by washing them therewith. The leaves bruised, or the juice, is good, to be applied to the fare or other parts troubled with freckles, pimples, spots, or the like, at night, and washed away in the morning The juice mixed with vinegar, and the fore part of the head bathed therewith, is very good for those that are dull and drowsy, or ; have the lethargy. j Water-cress pottage is a good remedy to [ cleanse the blood in the spring, and help | headaches, and consume the gross humours | winter has left behind ; those that would I live in health, may use it if they please; | if they will not, I cannot help it. If any j fancy not pottage, they may eat the herb as \ a sallad. \ CROSS WORT. -P. -v: [ \ This herb receives its name from the | situation of its leaves. Descript.] Common Crosswort grows 1 up with square hairy brown stalks a little \ above a foot high, having four small broad | and pointed, hairy, yet smooth thin leaves, j growing at every joint, each against other \ one way, which has caused the name. 1 Towards the tops of the stalks at the joints, | with the leaves in three or four rows down- | wards, stand small, pale yellow flowers, l after which come small blackish round j seeds, four for the most part, set in every * husk. The root is very small, and full of AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 59 fibres, or threads, taking good hold of the ground, and spreading with the branches over a great deal of ground, which perish not in winter, although the leaves die every year, and spring again anew. Place.] It grows in many moist grounds, as well meadows as untilled places, about London, in Hampstead clmrch-yard, at Wye in Kent, and sundry other places. Time.'] It flowers from May all the Sum¬ mer long, in one place or other, as they are more open to the sun ; the seed ripens soon after. Government and virtues.'] It is under the dominion of Saturn. This is a singularly good wound herb,-and is used inwardly, not only to slay bleeding of wounds, but to consolidate them, as it doth outwardly any green wound, which it quickly soldersup,and heals. The decoction of the herb in wine, helps to expectorate the phlegm out of the chest, and is good for obstructions in the breast, stomach, or bowels, and helps a decayed appetite. It is also good to wash any wound or sore with, to cleanse and heal it. The herb bruised, and then boiled, applied outwardly for certain days together, renewing it often : and in the mean time the decoction of the herb in wine, taken inwardly every day, doth certainly cure the rupture in any, so as it be not too invete¬ rate ; but very speedily, if it be fresh and lately taken. CROWFOOT. ^ ■ v. Many are-the names this furious biting herb has obtained, almost enough to make up a Welshman's pedigree, if he fetch no farther than John of Gaunt, or William the patience of Socrates himself, but because I have not yet attained to the spirit of Socrates, I shall but describe the most usual. Descript.] The most common Crowfoot has many thin great leaves, cut into divers parts, in taste biting and sharp, biting and blistering the tongue: It bears many flowers, and those of a bright, resplendent, yellow colour. I do not remember, that I ever saw any thing yellower. Virgins, in ancient time, used to make powder of them to furrow bride beds ; after which flowers come small heads, some spiked and rugged like a Pine-Apple. Place.] They grow very common every where; unless you turn your head into a hedge, you cannot but see them as you walk Time.] They flower in May and June, even till September. Government and virtues.] This fiery and hot-spirited herb of Mars is no way fit to be given inwardly, but an ointment of the leaves or flowers will draw a blister, and may be so fitly applied to the nape of the neck to draw back rheum from the eyes. The herb being bruised and mixed with a little mustard, draws a blister as well, and as perfectly as Cantharides, and with far less danger to the vessels of urine, which Cantharides naturally delight to wrong: I knew the herb once applied to a pesti¬ lential rising that was fallen down, and it saved life (even beyond hope ; it were good to keep an ointment and plaister of it, if it were but for that. CUCKOW-POINT. P. vi. Concjueror; for it is called FrogVfoot, from j It is called Aron, Janus, Barba-aron, the Greek name Barrakion : Crowfoot, 1 Calve’s-foot, Ramp, Starchwort, Cuckow- Gold Knobs, Gold Cups, King’s Knob, j point, and Wake Robin. Baffiners, Troilflowers, Polts, Locket Gou-j Descript.] This shoots forth three, four, lions, and Butterflowers. 1 or five leaves at the most, from one root, Abundance are the sorts of this herb, j every one whereof is somewhat large and that to describe them all, would tire the j long, broad at the bottom next the stalk, ( 5 , 6 .) . « CO THE COMPLETE HERBAL and forked, but ending in a point, without $ Spring, and continue but until the middle a cut on the edge, of a full green colour, * of Summer, or somewhat later; their husks each standing upon a thick round stalk, of] appearing before the} 7 fall away, and their a hand-breath long, or more, among which, j fruit shewing in April, after two or three months that they begin to \ Government and virtues.'] It is under the wither, rises up a bare, round, whitish green j dominion of Mars. Tragus reports, that stalk, spotted and streaked with purple, 1 a dram weight, or more, if need be, of the somewhat higher than the leaves: At the ] spotted Wake Robin, either fresh and top whereof stands a long hollow husk, j green, or dried, being eaten and taken, close at the bottom, but open from the j is a present and sure remedy for poison and middle upwards, ending in a point: in the j the plague. The juice of the herb taken to middle whereof stand the small long pestle | the quantity of a spoonful has the same or clapper, smaller at the bottom than at | effect. But if there be a little vinegar the top, of a dark purple colour, as the husk \ added thereto, as well as to the root afore - is on the inside, though green without; j said, it somewhat allays the sharp biting which, after it hath so abided for some time, \ taste thereof upon the tongue. The green the husk with the clapper decays, and the j leaves bruised, and laid upon any boil or foot or bottom thereof grows to be a small 1 plague sore, doth wonderfully help to draw long bunch of berries, green at the first, * forth the poison : A dram of the powder of and of a yellowish red colour when they \ the dried root taken with twice so much are ripe, of the bigness of a hazel-nut ker- j sugar in the form of a licking electuary, or nel, which abides thereon almost until | the green root, doth wonderfully help those Winter; the root is round, and somewhat; that are pursy and short-winded, as also those long, for the most part lying along, the \ that have a cough; it breaks, digests, and leaves shooting forth at the largest end, ? rids away phlegm from the stomach, which, when it bears its berries, are some- \ chest, and lungs. The milk wherein the what wrinkled and loose, another growing j root has been boiled is effectual also for the under it, which is solid and firm, with many j same purpose. The said powder taken in small threads hanging thereat. The whole j wine or other drink, or the juice of the plant is of a very sharp biting taste, prick-j berries, or the powder of them, or the wine ing the tongue as nettles do the hands, and • wherein they have been Boiled, provokes so abides for a great while without altera- \ urine, and brings down women’s courses, lion. The root thereof was anciently used \ and purges them effectually after child- instead of starch to starch linen with. | bearing, to bring away the after-birth. There is another sort of Cuckow-pomt, j Taken with sheep’s milk, it heals the inward with less leaves than the former, and some- \ ulcers of the bowels. The distilled water times harder, having blackish spots upon j thereof is effectual to all the purposes afore- them, which for the most part abide longer ; said. xV spoonful taken at a time heals green in Summer than the former, and] the itch; an ounce or more taken at a time both leaves and roots are more sharp and 1[for some days together, doth help the rup- fierce than it: In ail things else it is like the; ture: The leaves either green or dry, or the former. j juice of them, doth cleanse'all manner of Place.] These two sorts grow frequently frotten and filthy ulcers, in what part of the almost under every hedge-side in many j body soever; and heals the stinking sores places of this land. ] in the nose, called Polypus. The water Time.] They shoot forth leaves in the' wherein the root has been boiled, dropped AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 61 *! * j ? into the eyes, cleanses them from any film or skin, cloud or mists, which begin to hinder the sight, and helps the watering and redness' of them, or when, by some chance, they become black and blue. The root mixed with bean-flour, and applied to the throat or jaws that are inflamed, helps them. The juice of the berries boiled in oil of roses, or beaten into powder mixed with the oil, and dropped into the ears, eases pains in them. The berries or the roots beaten with the hot ox-dung, and applied, eases the pains of the gout. The leaves and roots boiled in wine with a little oil, and applied to the piles, or the falling down of the fundament, eases them, and so doth sitting over the hot fumes thereof. The fresh roots bruised and distilled with a little milk, yields a most sovereign water to cleanse the skin from scurf, freckles, spots, or blemishes whatsoever therein. Authors have left large commendations of this herb you see, but for my part, I have neither spoken with Dr. Reason nor Dr. Experience about it. CUCUMBERS. TUvi. Government and virtues .] There is no dispute to be made, but that they are under the dominion of the Moon, though they-are so much cried out against for their coldness, and if they were but one degree colder they would be poison. The best of Galenists hold them to be cold and moist in the second degree, and then not so hot as either lettuce or purslain: They are excellently good for a hot stomach, and hot liver; the unmeasurable use of them fills the body full of raw humours, and so indeed the un¬ measurable use of any thing else doth harm. The face being washed with their juice, cleanses th‘e skin, and is excellently good for hot iheums in the eyes ; the seed is excel¬ lently good to provoke urine, and cleanses the passages thereof when they are stopped; there is not a better remedy for ulcers in the bladder growing, than Cucumbers are The usual course is, to use the seeds in emulsions, as they make almond milk ; but a far better way (in my opinion) is this: When the season of the year is, -Take the Cucumbers and bruise them well, and distil the water from them, and let such as are tioubled with ulcers in the bladder drink no other drink. The face being washed with the same water, cures the reddest face that is ; it is also excellently good for sun-burning, freckles, and morphew. DAISIES. P. VX£. These are so well known almost to every child, that I suppose it needless to write any. description of them. Take therefore the virtues of them as follows. Government and virtues.'] The herb is undei the sign Cancel-, and under the dominion of Venus, and therefore excellently good for wounds in the breast, and very fitting to be kept both in oils, ointments, and plaisters, as also in syrup. The greater wild Daisy is a wound herb of go’od res¬ pect, often used in those drinks or salves that are for wounds, either inward or out¬ ward. The juice or distilled water of these, or the small Daisy, doth much tempet the heat of choler, and refresh the liver, and the other inward parts. A decoction made of them and drank, helps to cure the wounds made in the hollowness of the breast. The same also cures all ulcers and pustules in the mouth or tongue, or in the secret parts. The leaves bruised and applied to the pri¬ vities,or toany other parts thatareswoln and hot, doth dissolve it, and temper the heat. A decoction made thereof, of Wallwort and \grimony, and the' places fomented and bathed therewith warm, gives great ease to them that are troubled with the palsy, sciatica, oi* the gout. The same also dis¬ perses and dissolves the knots or kernels that grow in the flesh of any part of the body, and bruises and hurts that come of s L 62 THE COMPLETE HERBAL falls and blows; they are also used for rup- \ dominion of Jupiter. It is ol an opening tures, and other inward burnings, with land cleansing quality, and therefore very very good success. An ointment made 1 effectual for the obstructions of the liver, thereof doth wonderfully help all wounds j gall and spleen, and the diseases that arise that have inflammations about them, or by \ from them, as the jaundice and hypocon- reason of moist humours having access untoj driac ; it opens the passages of the urine them, are kept long from healing, and such j both in young and old ; powerfully cleanses are those, for the most part, that happen to! imposthumes and inward ulcers in the joints of the arms or legs. The juice of j urinary passage, and by its drying and them dropped into the running eyes of any, \ temperate quality doth afterwards heal doth much help them. j them ; for which purpose the decoction of 1 the roots or leaves in white wine, or the DANDELION, VULGARLY CALLED chopped as pot-herbs. With a few a-beds.T. vn. | Alisamlers, and boiled in their broth, are Descript .] It is well known to have j very effectual. And whoever is drawing many long and deep gashed leaves, lying \ towards a consumption or an evil disposi- on the ground round about the head of the | tion of the whole body, called Cachexia, roots; the ends of each gash or jag, on * by the use hereof for some time together, both sides looking downwards towards the* shall find a wonderful help. It helps also roots; the middle rib being white, which \ to procure rest and sleep to bodies dis- being broken, yields abundance of bitter j tempered by the heat of ague fits, or other- milk, but the root much more; from among | wise: The distilled water is effectual to the leaves, which always abide green, arise j drink in pestilential fevers, and to wash the many slender, weak, naked foot-stalks, $ sores. every one of them bearing at the top one| You see here what virtues this common large yellow flower, consisting of many i herb hath, and that is the reason the French rows of yellow leaves, broad at the points, j and Dutch so often eat them in the Spring; and nicked in with deep spots of yellow in \ and now if you look a little farther, you the middle, which growing ripe, the green; may see plainly without a pair of spec- husk wherein the flowers stood turns itself: tacles, that foreign physicians are not so down to the stalk, and the head of down selfish as ours are, but more communicative becomes as round as a ball: with long \ of the virtues of plants to people, seed underneath, bearing a part of the \ down on the head of every one, which! darnel, jp.1 . together is blown away with the wind, or! may be at once blown away with one's! It is called Jam and Wray; in Sussex mouth. The root growing downwards! they call it Crop, it being a pestilent enemy exceedingly deep, which being broken off! among corn. within the ground, will yet shoot forth again, I Descript.'] This has all the winter long, and will hardly be destroyed where it hath j sundry long, flat, and rough leaves, which, once taken deep root in the ground. \ when the stalk rises, which is slender and Place.] It grows frequently in all mea-1jointed, are narrower, but rough still; on dows and pasture-grounds. * • | the top grows a long spike, composed of Time.] It flowers in one place or other''many heads set one above another, con- almost all the year long. Staining two or three husks, with a sharp Government and virtues.] It is under the{but short beard of awns at the end; the AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 05 seed is easily shaken out of the ear, the husk itself being somewhat rough. Place. ] The country husbandmen know thi^too well to grow among do * ^ their j corn, or in the borders and pathways of} the other fields that are fallow. } Government and virtues .] It is a malicious part of sullen Saturn. As it is not without j some vices, so hath it also many virtues. \ The meal of Darnel is very good to stay * gangrenes, and other such like fretting and; eating cankers, and putrid sores : It also j cleanses the skin of all leprosies, morphews, ; ringworms, and the like, if it be used with ; salt and raddish roots. And being used} with quick brimstone and vinegar, it dis¬ solves knots and kernels, and breaks those) that are hard to be dissolved, being boiled j in wine with pigeon’s dung, and;Linseed ; j A decoction thereof made with water and) honey, arid the places bathed therewith, is \ profitable for the sciatica. Darnel meal! applied in a poultice draws forth splinters \ and broken bones in the flesh: The red! Darnel, boiled in red wine and taken,; stays the lask and all other fluxes, and; women’s bloody issues ; and restrains urine j that passes away too suddenly. ; i • \ grows up | neither j D I L L. JP, v II l • Descript.] The common Dill with seldom more than one stalk, so high, nor so great usually as Fennel, j being round and fewer joints thereon,) whose leaves are sadder, and somewhat j long, and so like Fennel that it deceives} many, but harder in handling, and some-; what thicker, and of a strong unpleasant; scent: The tops of the stalks have four} j i branches and smaller umbels of yellow flowers, which turn into small seed, some-i Fennel seed.; and woody,} hath borne: what flatter and thinner than The root is somewhat small perishes every year after it -uum uu.uuj seed ; and is also'.unprofitable, being never; put to any use. * ( 7 , 8 .)' Place.] It is most usually sown, in gar¬ dens and grounds for the purpose, arid is also found wild in many places. ; Government and virtues .] Mercury has the dominion of this plant, and therefore to be sure it strengthens the brain. The Dill being boiled and drank, is good to ease swellings and pains ; it also stays theibelly and stomach from casting. , The decoction therefore helps women that are troubled with the pains and windiness of the, mother, if they sit therein. It stays the hiccough, being boiled in. wine, arid but smelled unto being tied in a cloth. The seed is.of .more use than the. leaves, and more effectual to digest raw and vicious, humours, and is used in medicines that serve to expel wind, and the’ pains proceeding therefrom. The seed, being roasted or fried, and used in oils, or piasters*' dissolve the imposthumes in the fundament; and dries up all moist ulcers, especially in the fundament; an oil made of Dill is effectual to warm or dis¬ solve humours and imposthumes, and the pains, and to procure rest. The decoction of Dill, be it herb or seed (only if you boil the seed you must bruise it) in white wine, being drank, it is a gallant expeller of wind, and provoker of the terms. DEVIL’s-BIT.I.vii. Descript .] This rises up with a round green smooth stalk, about two feet high, set with divers long and somewhat narrow, smooth, dark green leaves, somewhat nipped about the edges, for the most part, being else all whole, and not divided at all, or but very seldom, even to the tops of the branches, which yet are smaller than those below, with one rib only in the middle. At the end of each branc h stands a round head of many flowers set together in tire same manner, or more neatly than Seabioris, and of ‘ a bluish purple colour, which being past, there follows seed which falls away. The root is somewhat thick, but s THE COMPLETE HERBAL other i little deformities thereof, vitriol be dissolved DOCK. short and blackish, with many strings,; morphew, or abiding after seed time many years. This ? especially if root was longer, until the devil (as tike l therein, friars say) bit away the rest of it for spite, \ envying its usefulness to mankind; for \ sure he was not troubled with any disease? Many kinds of these are so well known, for which it is proper. \ that I shall not trouble you with a deserip- There are two other sorts hereof, in \ tion of them : My book grows big too fast, nothing unlike the former, save that the? Government and virtues.] All Docks are one bears white, and the other bluish-colour-> under Jupiter, of which the Red Dock, ed flowers. ! which is commonly called Bioodwort, Place .] The first grows as well in dry \ cleanses the blood, and strengthens the meadows and fields as moist, in many 1 liver; but the yellow Dock-root is best to places of this land : But the other two are; be taken when either the blood or liver is more rare, and hard to be met with, yet; affected by choler. All of them have a they are both found growing wild about \ kind of cooling (but not all alike) drying Appledore, near Rye in Kent. ; quality, the sorrel being most cold, and the | Time.] They flower not usually until 1 Blood-worts most drying. Of the Burdock, August. ; I have spoken already by itself. The seed Government and virtues.] The plant is j of most of the other kinds, whether the gar- venereal, pleasing, and harmless. The herb ; dens or fields, do stay lasks and fluxes of or the root (all that the devil hath left of j all sorts,the loathing of the stomach through it) being boiled in wine, and drank, is very \ choler, and is helpful for those that spit powerful against the plague, and all pes-j blood. The roots boiled in vinegar help tilential diseases or fevers, poisons also,j the itch, scabs, and breaking out of the and the bitings of venemous beasts: It;skin, if it be bathed therewith. The dis- helps also those that are inwardly bruised; tilled water of the herb and roots have the by any casuality, or outwardly by falls or ? same virtue, and cleanses the skin from blows, dissolving the clotted blood ; and ' freckles, morphews, and all other spots and the herb or root beaten and outwardly \ discolourings therein. applied, takes away marks that remain in the black the skin. and blue The de- All Docks being boiled with meat, make \ it boil the sooner: Besides Blood-wort is coction of the herb, with honey of roses ? exceeding strengthening to the liver, and put therein, is very effectual to help the; procures good blood, being as wholesome inveterate tumours and swellings of the i a pot herb as any growing in a garden; yet almonds and throat, by often gargling the j such is the nicety of our times, forsooth, mouth therewith. It helps also to procure j that women will not put it into a pot, be- women’s courses, and eases all pains of the j cause it makes the pottage black ; pride mother and to break and discuss wind j and ignorance (a couple of monsters in the therein, and in the bowels. The powder of I creation) preferring nicety before health, the root taken in drink, drives forth the! worms in the body. The juice or dis¬ tilled water of the herb, is effectual for 4 green wounds, or old sores, and cleanses j Descript .] This first from seed gives the body inwardly, and the seed outwardly, | roots in the ground, which shoot forth from sores, scurf, itch, pimples, freckles,.! threads or strings, grosser or finer, as the ; DODDER OF THYME, EPITHYMUM, AND \ OTHER DODDERS. AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 65 property of the plant wherein it grows,; spleen, and melancholy that arises from the and the climate doth suffer, creeping and j windiness of the hypochondria. It purges spreading on that plant whereon it fastens,* also the reins or kidneys by urine; it be it high or low. The strings have no j opens obstructions of the gall, whereby it leaves at all on them, but wind and in-: profits them that have the jaundice ; as terlace themselves, so thick upon a small j also the leaves, the spleen: Purging the plant, that it takes away all comfort of the \ veins of the choleric and phlegmatic sun from it; and is ready to choak or stran- : humours, and helps children in agues, a gle it. After these strings are risen to that! little worm seed being put thereto, height, that they may draw nourishmenti The other Dodders do, as I said before, from that plant, they seem to be broken off t participate of the nature of those plants from the ground, either bv the strength of j whereon they grow: As that which hath their rising, or withered by the heat of the: been found growing upon nettles in the Sun. Upon these strings are found clus- j westrcountry, hath by experience been ters of small heads or husks, out of which { found very effectual to procure plenty of shoot forth whitish flowers, which after-j urine where it hath been stopped or hin- wards give small pale white coloured seed, j tiered. And so of the rest, somewhat flat, and twice as big as Poppy«; Sympathy and antipathy are two hinges seed. It generally participates of the na- * upon which the whole mode of physic ture of the plant which it climbs upon ;jturns; and that physician who minds but the Dodder of Thyme is accounted the > them not, is like a door off from the hooks, more like to do a man mischief, than to secure him. Then all the diseases Saturn this helps by sympathy, and best, and is the only true Epithymum. Government and virtues .] AH Dodders are under Saturn. Tell not me of phy¬ sicians crying up Epithymum, or that causes, strengthens all the parts of the body he Dodder which grows upon Thyme, (most j rules; such as be caused by Sol,it helps by of which comes from Hemetius in Greece, j antipathy. What those diseases are, see or Hybla in Sicily, because those moun- \ my judgment of diseases by astrology; and tains abound with Thyme,) he is a phy- \ if you be pleased to look at the herb Worm- sician indeed, that hath wit enough to j wood, you shall find a rational way for it. choose the Dodder according to the nature} , _ of the disease and humour peccant. Wet • confess, Thyme is the hottest herb it usually; Descript.'} It is well known, that the grows upon; and therefore that which j grass creeps far about under ground, with grows upon Thyme is hotter than that i long white joined roots, and small fibres which grows upon cold herbs ; for it draws \ almost at every joint, very sweet in taste, nourishment from what it grows upon, as j as the rest of the herb is, and interlacing well as from the earth where its root is, and ; one another, from whence shoot forth many thus you see old Saturn is wise enough to* fair grassy leaves, small at the ends, and have two strings to his bow. This is ac-j cutting or sharp on the edges. The stalks counted the most effectual for melancholy: are jointed like corn, with the like leaves diseases, and to purge black or burnt choler, f on them, and a large spiked head, with a which is the cause of many diseases of the j long husk in them, and hard rough seed in head and brain, as also for the trembling of j them. If you know it not by this des- the heart, faintings and swoonings. It islcription, watch the dogs when they are helpful in all diseases and griefs of the .sick, and they will quickly lead you to it. 66 THE COMPLETE HERBAL . Place.] It grows commonly through this | by the path-sides in many places, and will land in divers ploughed grounds to the no j also be in gardens. small trouble of the husbandmen, as also! Time.] It flowers in June, July, and of the gardeners, in gardens, to Aveed it out,j August, some earlier and some later ; and if’ they can ; for it is a constant customer to the seed is ripe quickly after, the place it gets footing in. s Government and virtues .] It is a very Government and virtues.] 'Tis under the! gentle, though martial plant. It is found dominion of Jupiter, and is the most medi- \ by experience to be singularly good for wind cinal of all the Quick-grasses. Being j cholic, as also to expel the stone and gravel boiled and drank, it opens obstructions of! in the kidneys. The decoction the.eof in the liver and gall, and the stopping of [wine, is an excellent good cure for those urine, and eases the griping pains of the j that have inward wounds, hurts, or bruises, belly and inflammations; Avastes the mat- \ both to stay the bleeding, to dissolve and ter of the stone in the bladder, and the;expel the congealed blood, and to heal the ulcers thereof also. The roots bruised and ; parts, as also to cleanse and heal outward applied, do consolidate Avounds. The seed i sores, ulcers, and fistulas ; and for green doth more poAverfully expel urine, and \ Avounds, many do only bruise the herb, and stays the lask and vomiting. The dis-j apply it to the places, and it heals them tilled Avater alone, or with a little Avormseed,j quickly. The same decoction in Avine kills the Avorms in children. i fomented to any place pained Avith the The Avay of use is to bruise the roots, and \ gout, or to joint-aches, or pains of the having Avell boiled them in Avhite Avine, \ sineAVS, gives much ease. The poAvder or drink the decoction : "Tis opening but not \ decoction of the herb taken for some time purging, very safe : "Tis a remedy against! together, is found by experience to be sin- all diseases coming of stopping, and such \ gufi|rly good for ruptures and burstings in are half those that are incident to the body j people, either young or old. of man ; and although a gardener be of! , another opinion, yet a physician holds half! di ck s meat. an acre of them to be Avorth five acres of! This is so well knoAvn to SAvim on the Carrots tAvice told over. ; tops of standing Avaters, as ponds, pools, , , ; and ditches, that it is needless further to DOVE S-FOOT, OR CRANE S-BILL.T.J j describc it . Descript.'] This has divers small, round, j Government and virtues .] Cancer claims pale-green leaves, cut in about the edges,; the herb, and the Moon will be Lady of it; much like mallow, standing upon long, jaAvord is enough to a Avise man. It is reddish, hairy stalks, lying in a round com-; effectual to help inflammations, and St pass upon the ground; among Avhich rise \ Anthony's Fire, as also the gout, either up two or three, or more, reddish, jointed, \ applied by itself, or in a poultice Avith Bar- slender, Aveak, hairy stalks, Avith some like | ley meal. The distilled water by some is leaves thereon, but smaller, and more cut in j highly esteemed against all inward inflam- up to the tops, Avhere groAv many veryjmations and pestilent fevers; as also to small bright red floAvers of five leaves a-$ help the redness of the eyes, and swellings piece; after which follow small heads, Avith j of privities, and of the breasts before they small short beaks pointed forth, as all other; be groAvn too much. The fresh herb ap- sorts of those herbs do. ; plied to the forehead, cases the pains of Place.] It groAvs in pasture grounds, and j the head-ache coming of heat. AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 67 j to the lower end of the stalks, and see how DOWN, OR cotton-thistle. vi j like a snake they look. x Descript .J This has large leaves lying \ Government and virtues .J The plant is on the ground, somewhat cut in, and as it j y mder the dominion ot Mars, and therefore' were crumpled on the edges, of a green l wou ^ be a wonder if it should want colour on the upper side, but covered with \ ^ onie obnoxious quality or other: In all long hairy wool, or Cotton Down, set with \ .™ s that quality, the safest way is most sharp and cruel pricks, from the mid- j e ^ ei to distil the herb in an alembick, in die of whose head of flowers, thrust forth j vehicle you please, or else to press many purplish crimson threads, and some- \ ? ut the juice, and distil that in a glass still, times (although very seldom) white ones, ; 111 sand- It scours and cleanses the in- The seed that follows in the heads, lying; ternal parts of the body mightily, and it in a great deal of white down, is some- \ cears the external parts also, being exter- what large, long, and round, like the seed | na “y applied, from freckles, morphew, and of ladies thistle, but paler. The root is great \ sun- burning: Your best way to use it ex- d thick, spreading much, yet it usually 5 ternally, is to mix it with vinegar ; anoint- S .• ° ’ J J Impnf of ll ic hplrt tr. ™ ■ and dies after seed-time. Place .] It grows j ment of it is held to be good in wounds in divers ditches * an< I ulcers; it consumes cankers, and that banks, and in corn-fields, and highways, \ desd g row i n g in the nostrils, which they call generally every where throughout the land. \ j ^ , die distilled water being Time!\ It flowers and bears seed about popped mto the eyes, takes away spots the end of Summer, when other thistles do j e ’ 01 P m ana web, and mends the flower and seed. { dimncssof sight; itisexcellentlygoodagainst Government and virtues .] Mars owns the ; Pfstijence and poison. Pliny and Dios- plant, and manifests to the world, that; c ® ra lcs affirm, that no serpent will meddle though it may hurt your finger, it will help j Wlt l 11111 cailies bus herb about him. your body; for I fancy it much for thej the elder tree.^.x. ensuing virtues. Pliny and Dioscorides; T ._ write, That the leaves and roots thereof; . ^ n ^ >L . D . needless to wnte any descrip- taken in drink, help those that have a crick I tl011 t lls ’ sia ^ e ever y boy that plays with in their neck; whereby they cannot turn \ a P°P-gun will not mistake another tree their neck but their whole body must turn s ir jstead 0 Elder. I shall therefore in this also (sure they do not mean those that have ; P ace , , on q. descnbe the_ Dwarf-Elder, got a crick in their neck by being under ; ca ed a s0 D ea< I-wolt, anc ^ Wall-wort. the hangman’s hand.) Galen saith, that; TIIE dwarf-elder. J 7 . a the root and leaves hereof are of a healing; . . 7 quality, and good for such persons as have; Desaipt.j This is but an herb every their bodies drawn* together by some spasm ; ^ eal ’. a y in g with his stalks* to the ground, or convulsions, as it is with children that! and nsing afresh every Spring, and is like have the rickets 5 until tho lamer noth in form anrl mmlitv DliAGONS.T. vitl. i unto the Elder both in form and quality, ; rising up with a square, rough, hairy stalk, ; four feet high^ or more sometimes. The | winged leaves are somewhat narrower than They are so well known to every one j the Elder, but else like them. The flowers that plants them in their gardens, they need l are white with a dash of purple, standing in no description ; if not, let them look down ; umbels, very like the Elder also, but more ( 7 , 8.) t 4 68 THE COMPLETE HERBAL sweet in scent; after which come small {the eyes, assuages them; the juice of the blackish berries, full of juice while they are {leaves snuffed up into the nostrils, purges fresh, wherein is small hard kernels, or seed. 1 the tunicles of the brain ; the juice the The root doth creep unerd the upper crust! berries boiled with honey and dropped of the ground, springing in divers places, { into the ears, helps the pains of them , the being of the bigness of one's finger or {decoction of the berries in wine, being thumb sometimes. 1 drank, provokes mine, the distilled water Placed] The Elder tree grows in hedges, \ of the flowers is of much use to clean the being planted there to strengthen the fences {skin from sun-burning, freckles, mo r phew, and partitions of ground, and to hold the | or the like ; and takes away the head-ache, banks by ditches and water-courses. {coming of a cold cause, the head being The Dwarf Elder grows wild in many \ bathed therewith. The leaves or flowers places of England, where being once gotten j distilled in the month of May, and the legs into a ground, it is not easily gotten forth {often washed with the said distilled water, again. lit takes away the ulcers and sores of them. Time.'] Most of the Elder Trees, flower!The eyes washed therewith, it takes away in June, and their fruit is ripe for the most! the redness and bloodshot ; and the hands part in August. But the Dwarf Elder, or i washed morning and evening therewith, Wall-wort, flowers somewhat later, and his j helps the palsy, and shaking of them, fruit is not ripe until September. j The Dwarf Elder is more powerful than Government and virtues .] Both Elder and {the common Elder in opening and purging Dwarf Tree are under the dominion ofjcholer, phlegm, and wateiK; in helping the Venus. The first shoots of the common {gout, piles, and women's diseases, colours Elder boiled like Asparagus, and the young \ the hair black, helps the inflammations of leaves and stalks boiled"in fat broth, doth \ the eyes, and pains in the ears, the biting of mightily carry forth phlegm and choler. j serpents, or mad dogs, burnings and scald- The middle or inward bark boiled in water, lings, the wind cholic, cholic, and stone, the and given in drink, works much more { difficulty of urine, the cure of old sores and violently; and the berries, either green or \ fistulous ulcers. Either leaves or bark of dry, expel the same humour, and are often {Elder, stripped upwards as you gather it, given with good success to help the dropsy; 1 causes vomiting. Also, Dr. Butler, in a the bark of the root boiled in wine, or the! manuscript of his, commends Dwarf Elder juice thereof drank, works the same effects, {to the sky for dropsies, viz. to drink it, but more powerfully than either the leaves{being boiled in white wine; to drink the or fruit. The juice of the root taken, doth {decoction I mean, not the Elder, mightily procure vomitings, and purges the j TIIE ELM TREE .^.^ watery humours of the dropsy. The de- j coction of the root taken, cures the biting! This tree is so welf known, growing of an adder, and biting of mad dogs. It {generally in all counties of this land, that it mollifies the hardness of the mother, if {is needless to describe it. women sit thereon, and opens their veins,! Government and virtues.] It is a cold and and brings down their courses : The berries 1 saturnine plant. The leaves thereof bruised boiled in wine perform the same effect; {and applied, heal green wounds, being and the hair of the head washed therewith {bound thereon with its own bark. The is made black. The juice of the green {leaves or the bark used with vinegar, cures leaves applied to the hot inflammations of {scurf and leprosy very effectually; The AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 69 decoction of the leaves, bark, or root, being ; bathed, heals broken bones. The water l that is found in the bladders on the leaves, * while it is fresh, is very effectual to cleanse ] the skin, and make it fair; and if cloaths be j often wet therein, and applied to the rup-; tun s of children, it heals them, if they be* well bound up with a truss. The said ] water put into a glass, and set into the; ground, or else in dung for twenty-five ; days, the mouth thereof being close stopped, j and the bottom set upon a layer of ordinary ; salt, that the fceces may settle and water] become clear, is a singular and sovereign ] balm for green wounds, being used with j soft tents: The decoction of the bark of; the root, fomented, mollifies hard,' tumours,] and the shrinking of the sinews. The roots ; of the EJm, boiled for a long time in water, 1 and the fat arising on the top thereof, being | clean skimmed off, and the place anointed ; therewith that is grown bald, and the hair ] fallen away, will quickly restore them 1 again. The said bark ground with brine; or pickle, until it come to the form of a! poultice, and laid on the place pained with] the gout, gives great ease. The decoc-; tion of the bark in water, is excellent to] bathe such places as have been burnt with ; fire. ENDIVE. IB.vnt. Descript. ] Common garden Endive] bears a longer and larger leaf than Succorv,; and abides but one year, quickly running; up to a stalk and seed, and then perishes ; ] it has blue flowers, and the seed of the ] ordinary Endive is so like Succory seed,; that it is hard to distinguish them. j Government and virtues .] It is a fine] cooling, cleansing, jovial plant. The de-; coction of the leaves, or the juice, or the] distilled water of Endive, serve well to cool ] the excessive heat of the liver and stomach, j and in the hot fi's of agues, and all other; inflammations in any part of the body; it'; cools the iieat and sharpness of the urine, and excoriation in the urinary parts. The seeds are of the same property, or rather more powerful, and besides are available for fainting, swoonings, and passions of the heart. Outwardly applied, they serve to temper the sharp humours of fretting ulcers, hot tumours, swellings, and pestilential sores; and wonderfully help not only the redness and inflammations of the eyes, but the dimness of the sight also ; they are also used to allay tha pains of the gout. You cannot use it amiss ; a syrup of it is a fine cooling medicine for fevers. ELECAMPANE. TP. V*. ■ Descript.] It shoots forth many large leaves, long and broad, lying near the ground, small at both ends, somewhat soft in handling, of a whitish green on the upper side, and grey underneath, each set upon a short footstalk, from among which rise up divers great and strong hairy stalks, three or four feet high, with some leaves there¬ upon, compassing them about at the lower end, and are branched towards the tops, bearing divers great and large flowers, like those of the corn marigold, both the bordejr of leaves, and the middle thrum being yel¬ low, which turn into down, with long, small, brownish seeds amongst it, and is carried away with the wind. The root is great and thick, branched forth divers ways, blackish on the outside and whitish within, of a very bitter taste, and strong, but good scent, especially when they are dried, no part els; of the plant having any smell. Place.] It grows on moist grounds and shadowy places oftener than in the dry and open borders of the fields and lanes, and in other waste places, almost in every county of this hind. Time.] It. flowers in the end of June and July, and the seed is ripe in August. The roots are gathered for use, as well in the 70 THE COMPLETE HERBAL Spring before the leaves come forth, as in Autumn or Winter. Government and virtues.'] It is a plant under the dominion of Mercury. The fresh roots of Elecampane preserved with sugar, or made into a syrup or conserve, are very effectual to warm a cold windy stomach, or the pricking therein, and stitches in the sides caused by the spleen ; and to help the cough, shortness of breath, and wheezing in the lungs. The dried root made into pow¬ der, and mixed with sugar, and taken, serves to the same purpose, and is also profitable for those who have their urine stopped, or the stopping of women’s courses, the pains of the mother, and the stone in the reins, kidneys, or bladder; it resists poison, and stays the spreading of the venom of ser¬ pents, as also putrid and pestilential fevers, and the plague itself. The roots and herbs beaten and put into new ale or beer, and daily drank, clears, strengthens, and quick¬ ens the sight of the eyes wonderfully. The decoction of the roots in wine, or the juice taken therein, kills and drives forth all manner of worms in the belly, stomach, and maw; and gargled in the mouth, or the root chewed, fastens loose teeth, and helps to keep them from putrefaction ; and being drank is good for those that spit blood, helps to remove cramps or convulsions, gout, sciatica) pains in the joints, applied outwardly or inwardly, and is also good for those that are bursten, or have any inward bruise* The root boiled well in vinegar beaten afterward, and made into an oint¬ ment with hog’s suet, or oil of trotters, is an excellent remedy for scabs or itch in young or old ; the places also bathed or washed with the decoction doth the same; it also helps all sorts of filthy old putrid sores or cankers whatsoever* In the roots of this herb lieth the chief effect for the remedies aforesaid. The distilled water of the leaves and roots together, is very profitable to cleanse the skin of the face, or other parts, I from any morphew, spots, or blemishes ! therein, and make it clear. $ /o, \ ERINGO, OR SEA-HOLLY.X ?• \ I Descript.] The first leaves of our ordi- i nary Sea-Holly, are nothing so hard and | prickly as when they grow old, being almost ! round, and deeply dented about the edges, j hard and sharp pointed, and alittlecrumpled, jof a bluish green colour, every one upon ! a long foot stalk; but those that grow up | higher with the stalk, do as it were compass 5 it about. The stalk itself is round and | strong, yet somewhat crested, with joints land leaves set thereat, but more divided, {sharp, and prickly; and branches rising | from thence, which have likewise other | small branches, each of them having several i bluish round prickly heads, with many Ismail jagged prickly leaves under them, standing like a star, and sometimes found | greenish or whitish : The root grows won¬ derfully long, even to eight or ten feet in ; length, set with rings and circles toward the | upper part, cut smooth and without joints idown lower, brownish on the outside, and \ very white within, with a pith in the middle; \ of a pleasant taste, but much more, being j artificially preserved, and candied with I sugar. \ Place.] It is found about the sea coast \ in almost every county of this land which | borders upon the sea. j Time.] It flowers in the end of Sum* \ mer, and gives ripe seed within a month | after. ' Government and virtues.] The plant is ! venereal, and breeds seed exceedingly, and \ strengthens the spirit procreative ; it is hot j and moist, and under the celestial Balance. ' The decoction of the root hereof in wine, ; is very effectual to open obstructions of the > spleen and liver, and helps yellow jaun¬ dice, dropsy, pains of the loins, and wind | cholic, provokes urine, and expels the ; stone, procures women’s courses. The con* AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 71 tinued use of the decoction for fifteen days, j taken fasting, and next to bedward, doth i help the stranguary, the difficulty and stop- j page of urine, and the stone, as well as all * defects of the reins and kidneys; and if 1 the said drink be continued longer, it is said j that it cures the stone; it is found good : against the French pox. The roots bruised j and applied outwardly, help the kernels of j thedhroat, commonly called the king’s evil; j or taken inwardly, and applied to the place j stung or bitten by any serpent, heal it j speedily. If the roots be bruised, and | boiled in old hog’s grease, or salted lard, and broken bones, thorns, &c. remaining in the flesh, they do not only draw them forth, but heal up the place again, gathering 1 new flesh where it was consumed. The | juice of the leaves dropped into the ear, helps imposthurnes therein. The distilled water of the whole herb, when the leaves and stalks are young, is profitably drank for all the purposes aforesaid ; and helps j the melancholy of the heart, and is avail- j able in quartan and quotidian agues; as j also for them that have their necks drawn j awry, and cannot turn them without turn ing their whole body. EYEBRIGHT. IP.VM» b. . 4 Descript.] Common Eyebright is aj 1 1 1 »-»* L oi l i nOllO 1 1 XT rVl 1 I Ylfl III ' small low herb, rising up usually but with \ one blackish green stalk a span high, or j not much more, spread from the bottom; into sundry branches, whereon are small j and almost round yet pointed dark green j leaves, finely snipped about the edges, two j always set together, and very thick r At the j joints with the leaves, from the middle up-d ward, come forth small white flowers, \ marked with purple and yellow spots, or j stripes; after which follow small round $ heads, with very small seed therein. The j root is long, small and thready at the end. * Place.] It grows in meadows, and grassy \ places in this land. ( 7 , 8 .) Government and virtues.] It is under the sign of the Lion, and Sol claims dominion over it. If the herb was but as much used as it is neglected, it would half spoil the spectacle maker’s trade; and a man would think, that reason should teach people to prefer the preservation of their natural before artificial spectacles ; which that they may be instructed how to do, take the vir¬ tues of Eyebright as follows. The juice or distilled water of Eyebright, taken inwardly in white wine or broth, or dropped into the eyes for divers days together, helps all infirmities of the eyes that cause dimness of sight. Some make conserve of the flowers to the same effect. Being used any of the w T ays, it also helps a weak brain, or memory. This tunned up with strong beer, that it may work together, and drank, or the powder of the dried herb mixed with sugar, a little Mace, and Fennel seed, and drank, or eaten in broth; or the said powder made into an electuary with sugar, and taken, has the same powerful effect to help and restore the sight, decayed through age ; and Arnoldus de Villa Nova saith, it hath restored sight to them that have been blind a long time before. FERN* P. vx- Descript.] Of this there are two kinds principally to be treated of, viz. the Male and Female. The Female grows higher than the Male, but the leaves thereof are smaller, and more divided and dented, and of as strong a smell as the male; the vir¬ tue of them are both alike, and therefore I shall not trouble you with any descrip¬ tion or distinction of them. Place .] They grow both in heaths and in shady places near the hedge-sides in all counties of this land. Time.] They flower and give their seed at Midsummer. The Female Fern is that plant which is in Sussex, called Brakes, the seed of which U 72 THE COMPLETE HERBAL some authors hold to be so rare: Such a \ pith in the middle, which is called the heart thing there is I know, and may be easily \ thereof. had upon Midsummer Eve, and for ought j Place.] It grows on moors, bogs, and I know, two or three days after it, if not j watery places, in many parts of this land, more. | Time.] It is green all the summer, and Government and virtues.] It is under the j the root only abides in winter, dominion of Mercury, both Male and \ Government and virtues .] Saturn owns Female. The roots of both these sorts ofjthe plant. This has all the virtues men- Fern being bruised and boiled in Mead, \ tioned in the former Ferns, and is much or honeyed water, and drank, kills bothl more effectual than they, both for inward the broad and long worms in the body, \ and outward griefs, and is accounted sin- and abates the swelling and hardness of the j gularly good in wounds, bruises, or the like, spleen. The green leaves eaten, purge the * The decoction to be drank, or boiled into belly of choleric and waterish humours j an ointment of oil, as a balsam or balm, » that trouble the stomach. They are dan- \ and so it is singularly good against bruises, gerous for women with child to meddle j and bones broken, or out of joint, and gives with, by reason they cause abortions. The j much ease to the cholic and splenetic roots bruised and boiled in oil, or hog’s j diseases: as also for ruptures or burstings, grease, make a very profitable ointment tot The decoction of the root in white wine, heal wounds, or pricks gotten in the flesh. ?provokes urine exceedingly, and cleanses The powder of them used in foul ulcers, j the bladder and passages of urine. dries up their malignant moisture, and t causes their speedier healing. Fern being \ FEVERFEW, OR FEATHERFEW. 1.^ F ^i '-'111 j / burned, the smoke thereof drives away! Descript.] Common Featherfew has serpents, gnats, and other noisome crea- j large, fresh, green leaves, much torn or cut tures, which in fenny countries do, in the j on the edges. The stalks are hard and night time, trouble and molest people lying j round, set with many such like leaves, but in their beds with their faces uncovered; it \ smaller, and at the tops stand many single causes barrenness. j flowers, upon small foot stalks, consisting \ of many small white leaves standing round h osmond royal, or water fern, j about a yellow thrum in the middle. The j x ? root is somewhat hard and short, with many Descript.] This shoots forth in spring j strong fibres about it. The scent of the time (for in the Winter the leaves perish) j whole plant is very strong, and the taste is divers rough hard stalks, half round, and \ very bitter. yellowish, or flat on the other side, two feet! Place.] This grows wild in many places high, having divers branches of winged yel-1 of the land, but is for the most part nourish- lowish green leaves ou all sides, set one; ed in gardens. against another, longer, narrower, and notl Time.] It flowers in the months of June nicked on the edges as the former. From!and July. the top of some of these stalks grow forth, j Government and virtues.] Venus com- a long bush of small and more yellow, j mands this herb, and has commended it to green, scaly aglets, set in the same manner 5 succour her sisters (women) and to be a on the stalks as the leaves are, which are; general strengthener of their wombs, and accounted the flowers and seeds. Ihe root j remedy such infirmities as a careless mid¬ is rough, thick anu scabby: with a white t wife hath there caused; if they will but be* AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 7S pleased to make use of her herb boiled in | white wine, and drink the decoction; it| cleanses the womb, expels the after-birth, * and doth a woman all the good she can | desire of an herb. And if any grumble ? because they cannot get the herb in winter, j tell them, if they please, they may make* a syrup of it in summer; it is chiefly used j for the disease of the mother, whether it be j the strangling or rising of the mother, ori hardness, or inflammation of the same, j applied outwardly thereunto. Or a decoc- \ tion of the flowers in wine, with a little Nut¬ meg or Mace put therein, and drank often in a day, is an approved remedy to bring down women’s courses speedily, and helps j to expel the dead birth and after-birth. \ Eor a woman to sit over the hot fumes of \ the decoction of the herb made in water or j wine, is effectual for the same; and in some \ cases to apply the boiled herb warm to the \ privy parts. The decoction thereof made, j with some sugar, or honey put thereto, is \ used by many with good success to help the cough and stuffing of the chest, by colds, as also to cleanse the reins and bladder, and helps to expel the stone in i them. The powder of the herb taken in \ wine, with some Oxymel, purges both cho- * ler and phlegm, and is available for those! that are short winded, and are troubled with melancholy and heaviness, or sadness ofj spirits. It is very effectual for all pains in the head coming of a cold cause, the herb \ being bruised and applied to the crown ofj the head : As also for the vertigo, that is a j running or swimming in the head. The \ decoction thereof drank warm, and the < herb bruised with a few corns of Bay salt, j and applied to the wrists before the coming \ of the ague fits, doth take them away. The j distilled water takes away freckles, and j other spots and deformities in the face, j The herb bruised and heated on a tile, with \ some wine to moisten it, or fried with aj little wine and oil in a frying-pan, and ap- • plied warm outwardly to the places, helps the wind and cholic in the lower part of the belly. It is an especial remedy against opium taken too liberally. fennel. IP. IX.. Every garden affords this so plenti¬ fully, that it needs no description. Government and virtues .] One good old fashion is not yet left off, viz. to boil Fennel with fish ; for it consumes that phlegmatic humour, which fish most plentifully afford and annoy the body with, though few that use it know wherefore they do it; I suppose 41 the reason of its benefit this way is, because it is an herb of Mercury, and under Virgo, and therefore bears antipathy to Pisces. Fennel is good to break wind, to provoke urine, and ease the pains of the stone, and helps to break it. The leaves or seed, boiled in barley water and drank are good for nurses, to increase their milk, and make it more wholesome for tfce child. The leaves, or rather the seeds, boiled in water, stays the hiccough, and takes away the loathings which oftentimes happen to the stomachs of sick and feverish persons, and allays the heat thereof. The seed boiled in wine and drank, is good for those that are bitten with serpents, or have eaten poison¬ ous herbs, or mushrooms. The seed, and the roots much more, help to open obstruc¬ tions of the liver, spleen, and gall, and thereby help the painful and windy swel¬ lings of the spleen, and the yellow jaundice; as also the gout and cramps. The seed is of good use in medicines to help shortness of breath and wheezing by stopping of the lungs. It helps also t© bring down the courses, and to cleanse the parts after delivery. The roots are of most use in physic drinks, and broth that are taken to cleanse the blood, to open obstructions of the liver, so provoke urine, and amend the ill colour in the face after sickness, and to cause a good habit through the body. 74 THE COMPLETE HERBAL ~ ——— — !■.■■■ » ■ — % Both leaves, seeds, and roots thereof are; little Euphorbium put to the nose, helps * much used in drink or broth, to make peo- ! those that are troubled with the lethargy, pie more lean that are too fat. The dis- \ frenzy, giddiness of the head, the falling tilled water of the whole herb, or the con- 5 sickness, long and inveterate head-aches, densate juice dissolved, but especially the j the palsy, sciatica, and the cramp, and natural juice, that in some counties issues} generally all the diseases of the sinews, used out hereof of its own accord, dropped into j with oil and vinegar. The juice dissolved the eyes, cleanses them from mists and j in wine, or put into an egg, is good for a films that hinder the sight. The sweet j cough, or shortness of breath, and for those Fennel is much weaker in physical uses \ that are troubled with wind in the body, than the common Fennel. The wild Fen- j It purges the belly gently, expels the hard- nel is stronger and hotter than the tame, \ ness of the spleen, gives ease to women and therefore most powerful against the!that have sore travail in child-birth, and stone, but not so effectual to encrease milk, \ eases the pains of the reins and bladder, because of its dryness. $ and also the womb. A little of the juice , \ dissolved in wine, and dropped into the sow-fennel, or^ hog s-fennel. j ears> eases much of the pains in them, and Besides the common name in English, j put into a hollow tooth, eases the pain Hog s Fennel, and the Latin name Peuci- \ thereof. The root is less effectual to all danum, is called Hoar-strange, and Hoar- \ the aforesaid disorders; yet the powder of strong, Sulphur-wort, and Brimstone-wort. 5 the root cleanses foul ulcers, being put into Descript. ] The common Sow-Fennel \ them, and takes out splinters of broken has divers branched stalks of thick and j bones, or other things in the flesh, and somewhat long leaves, three for the most \ heals them up perfectly : as also, dries up part joined together at a place, among j old and inveterate running sores, and is of which arises a crested straight stalk, less $ admirable virtue in all green wounds, than Fennel, with some joints thereon, and 1 leaves growing thereat, and towards thei fig-wort, or throat-wort. tops some branches issuing from thence;} /o. likewise on the tops of the stalks and? Descript.'] Common great Fig-wort sends branches stand divers tufts of yellow flowers, j divers great, strong, hard, square brown whereafter grows somewhat flat, thin, and j stalks, three or four feet high, whereon grow yellowish seed, bigger than Fennel seed, j large, hard, and dark green leaves, two at The roots grow great and deep, with many 1 a joint, harder and larger than Nettle other parts and fibres about them of a \ leaves, but not stinking ; at the tops of the strong scent like hot brimstone, and yield j stalks stand many purple flowers set in forth & a yellowish milk, or clammy juice, \ husks, which are sometimes gaping and almost like a gum. j open, somewhat like those of Water Betony; Place.] It grows plentifully in the salt \ after which come hard round heads, with low marshes near Feversham in Kent. \ a small point in the middle, wherein lie Time.] It flowers plentifully in July and 1 small brownish seed. The root is great* August. } white, and thick, with many branches at it. Government and virtues.] This is also an \ growing aslope under the upper crust of herb of Mercury. The juice of Sow-Fennel j the ground, which abides many years, but (saith Dioscorides, and Galen,) used with i keeps not his green leaves in Winter, vinegar and rose water, or the juice with a \ Place.] It grows frequently in moist AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 75 and shadowy woods, and in the lower parts {together in a pith or umble, each upon a of the fields and meadows. j small loot stalk, which after they have been Time.] It flowers about July, and the j blown upon a good while, do fall away, seed will be ripe about a month after the j and in their places appear small, round, flowers are fallen. j chaffy heads like buttons, wherein are the Government and virtues .] Spine Latin j chaffy seeds set and placed. The root authors call it Cervicaria, because it is ap- j consists of many small, black, tuberous propriated to the neck; and we Throat-> pieces, fastened together by many small, wort, because it is appropriated to the j long, blackish strings, which run from one throat. Venus owns the herb, and the \ to'another. Celestial Bull will not deny it; therefore | ’ Place .] It grows in many places of this a better remedy cannot be for the kings land, in the corners of dry fields and mea- evil, because the Moon that rules the dis- j dows, and the hedge sides, ease is exalted there. The decoction of the; Time.'] They flower in June and July, herb taken inwardly, and the bruised herb ; and their seed is ripe in August, applied outwardly, dissolves clotted and j Government and virtues.] It is under the congealed blood within the body, coming \ dominion of Venus. It effectually opens by any wounds, bruise, or fall; and is no j the passages of the urine, helps the stran- less effectual for the king's evil, or any \ guary ; the stone in the kidneys or bladder, other knobs, kernels, bunches, or wens j the gravel, and all other pains of the blad- growing in the flesh wheresoever; and for \ der and reins, by taking the roots in pow- the haemorrhoids, or piles. An ointment j der, or a decoction of them in w hite wine, made hereof may be used at all times when j with a little honey. The roots made into the fresh herb is not to be had. The dis-1 powder, and mixed with honey in the form tilled water of the whole plant, roots and j of an electuary, doth much help them all, is used for the same purposes, and dries ; whose stomachs are swollen, dissolving and up the superfluous, virulent moisture of j breaking the wind which was the cause hollow and corroding, ulcers; it takes away ; thereof; and is also very effectual for all all redness, spots, and freckles in the face, | the diseases of the lungs, as shortness of as also the scurf, and any foul deformity 5 breath, wheezing, hoarseness of the throat, therein, and the leprosy likewise. j and the cough; and to expectorate tough [ phlegm, or any other parts thereabout. Il :•)' brio ml ft >d €fc‘ <-gii tby* Descript.] This sends forth many leaves, \ some larger, some smaller, set on each side; of a middle rib, and each of them dented; about the edges, somewhat resembling wild * Tansy, or rather Agrimony, but harder in ] handling; among which rise up one or j more stalks, two or three feet high, with the \ leaves growing thereon, and sometimes also! divided into other branches spreading at the j top into many white, sweet-smelling flowers, j consisting of five leaves a-piece, with some \ threads in the middle of them, standing! THE FIG-TREE. P IX- To give a description of a tree so well knowm to every body that keeps it in his garden, w r ere needless. They prosper very w’ell in our English gardens, yet are fitter for medicine than for any other profit which is gotten by the fruit of them. Government and virtues.] The tree is under the dominion of Jupiter. The milk that issues out from the leaves or branches where they are broken off, being dropped upon warts, takes them away. The de- ( 7 , 8 .) 70 THE COMPLETE HERBAL coclion of the leveas is excellently good to > cover their bottoms; but instead of the wash sore heads with : and there is scarcely j three upright leaves, as the Flower-de-luce a better remedy for the leprosy than it is.: has, this has only three short pieces It clears the face also of morphew, and the ! standing in their places, after which succeed body of white rcurf, scabs, and running j thick and long three square heads, eon- If it be dropped into old fretting j taining in each part somewhat big and flat sores. ulcers, it cleanses out the moisture, and I seed, like those of the Flower-de-luce. The brings up the flesh; because you cannot \ root is long and slender, of a pale brownish have the leaves green all the year, you may j colour on the outside, and of a horseflesh make an ointment of them whilst you can. j colour on the inside, with many hard fibres A decoction of the leaves being drank in- \ thereat, and very harsh in taste, wardly, or rather a syrup made of them, > Place.~\ It usually grows in watery dissolves congealed blood caused by bruises j ditches, ponds, lakes, and moor sides, which or falls, and helps the bloody flux. The \ are always overflowed with water, ashes of the wood made into an ointment j Time.] It flowers in July, and the seed with hog’s grease, helps kibes and chilblains, j is ripe in August. The juice being put into an hollow tooth, \ Government and virtues .] It is under the eases pain; as also pain and noise in the \ cjominion of the Moon. The root of this ears, being dropped into them ; and deaf- \ Water-flag is very astringent, cooling, and ness. An ointment made of the juice and {drying; and thereby helps all lasks and hog’s grease, is an excellent remedy for the \ fluxes, whether of blood or humours, as biting of mad dogs, or other venomous \ bleeding at the mouth, nose, or other parts, beasts, as most are. A syrup made of the ? bloody flux, and the immoderate flux of leaves, or green fruit, is excellently good for \ women’s courses. The distilled water of coughs, hoarseness, or shortness of breath, \ the whole herb, flowers and roots, is a and all diseases of the breast and lungs ; it j sovereign good remedy for watering eyes, is also extremely good for the dropsy and \ both to be dropped into them, and to have falling sickness. They say that the Fig j cloths or sponges wetted therein, and ap- Tree, as well as the Bay Tree, is never \ plied to the forehead: It also helps the hurt by lightning ; as also, if you tie a bull, j spots and blemishes that happen in and be he ever so mad, to a Fig Tree, he will; about the eyes, or in any other partsThe quickly become tame and gentle. As for ! said water fomented on swellings and hot such figs as come from beyond sea, I unflammations of women’s breasts, upon have little to say, because I write not of! cancers also, and those spreading ulcers exoticks. ; called Noli me tangere , do much good : It | helps also foul ulcers in the privities of man the yellow water-flag, or flower-; or woman; but an ointment made of the de-luce. ip. 1 / | flowers is better for those external applica- j tions. Descript.] This grows like the Flower-* de-luce, but it has much longer and nar-1 flax-weed, or toad-flax.j. /a. rower sad green leaves, joined together in: that fashion ; the stalk also growing often-! Descript.'] Our common Flax-weed times as high, bearing small yellow flowers i has divers stalks full fraught with long and shaped like the Flower-de-luce, with three j narrow ash-coloured leaves, and from the falling leaves, and other three arched that ! middle of them almost upward, stored with AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 77 a number of pale yellow flowers, of a strong 5 or spots, applied of itself, or used with some unpleasant scent, with deeper yellowmouths, \ powder of Lupines, and blackish flat seed in round heads. \ pa-wort -v The root is somewhat woody and white, 5 especially the main downright one, with | Descript .] Ordinary Flea-wort rises many fibres, abiding many years, shooting j up with a stalk two feet high or more, full forth roots every way round about, and j of joints and branches on every side up to new branches every year. ;the top, and at every joint two small, long, Place.'] This grows throughout this land, \ and narrow whitish green leaves somewhat both by the way sides and in meadows, as \ hairy; At the top ot every branch stand also by hedge-sides, and upon the sides of | divers small, short scaly, or chaffy heads, banks, and borders of fields. ] out of which come forth small, whitish Time.] It flowers in Summer, and the \ yellow threads, like to those of the Plan- seed is ripe usually before the end oft tain herbs, which are the bloomings of August. jflowers. The seed inclosed in these heads Government and virtues.] Mars owns the > is small and shining while it is fresh, very herb: In Sussex we call it Gall wort, and ] like unto fleas, both for colour and bigness, lay it in our chicken's water to cure them,of j but turning black when it grows old. The the gall; it relieves them when they are ?root is not long, but white, hard 1 and woody, drooping. This is frequently used to spend | perishing every year, and rising again ot the abundance of those watery humours by 1 its own seed for divers years, if it be suffered urine, which cause the dropsy. The decoc- i to shed : The whole plant is somewhat tion of the herb, both leaves and flowers, j whitish, and hairy, smelling somewhat like in wine, taken and drank, doth somewhat j rosin. move the belly downwards, opens obstruc -5 There is another sort hereof, differing not tions of the liver, and helps the yellow j from the former in the manner of growing, jaundice; expels poison,provokes women's! but only that the stalk and branches being- courses, drives forth the dead child, and | somewhat greater, do a little more bow after-birth. The distilled water of the herb l down to the ground : The leaves are some- and flowers is effectual for all the same pur- i what greater, the heads somewhat less, the poses; being drank with a dram of the j seed alike; and the root and leaves abide powder of the seeds of bark or the roots.of jail winter, and perish not as the former. Wall-wort, and a little Cinnamon, for certain \ Place.] The first grows only in gardens, days together, it is held a singular remedy [ theseccond plentifully in fields that are near for the dropsy. The juice of the herb, or j the sea. the distilled water, dropped into the eyes, \ Time.] They flower in July, or.there- is a certain remedy for all heat, iriflamma- j abouls* tion, and redness in them. The juice or j Government and virtues.] The herb is water put into foul ulcers, whether they be j cold, and dry, and saturnine. I suppose cancerous or fistulous, with tents rolled j it obtained the name ot Flea-wort, because therein, or parts washed and injected there- j the seeds are so like Fleas,. I he seeds fried, with, cleanses them thoroughly from the; and taken, stays the flux or lask of the bottom, and heals them up safely. The j belly, and the corrosions that come by rea- same juice or water also cleanses the skint son of hot choleric, or sharp and malignant wonderfully of all sorts of deformity, as? humours, or. by. too much purging of any leprosy, morphew, scurf, wheals, pimples, * violent medicine, as Scammony, ■ +1 ‘ or the 78 THE COMPLETE HERBAL like. The mucilage of the seed made with Rose-water, and a little sugar-candy put thereto, is very good in all hot agues and burning fevers, and other inflammations, to | cool the thirst, and lenify the dryness and roughness of the tongue and throat. It helps also hoarseness of the voice, and dis¬ eases of the breast and lungs, caused by heat, or sharp salt humours, and the pleu¬ risy also. The mucilage of the seed made! with Plantain water, whereunto the yolk of? an egg or two, and a little Populeon arej put, is a most safe and sure remedy to ease j the sharpness, pricking, and pains of the! haemorrhoids or piles, if it be laid on aj cloth, and bound thereto. It helps all in-1 flammations in any part of the body, and j the pains that come thereby, as the head¬ ache and megrims, and all hot imposthumes, swellings, or breaking out of the skin, as blains, wheals, pushes, purples, and the! like; as also the joints of those that are out! of joint, the pains of the gout and sciatica, the burstings of young children, and the j! swellings of the navel, applied with oil of? roses and vinegar. It is also good to heal j the nipples and sore breasts of women, j being often applied thereunto. The juice i of the herb with a little honey put into the ? ears helps the running of them, and the* worms breeding in them : The same also \ mixed with hog’s grease, and applied to cor- j nipt and filthy ulcers, cleanses them and j heals them. ? flux-weed. I Descript.] It rises up with a round up- j right hard stalk, four or five feet high, j spread into sundry branches, whereon grow \ many greyish green leaves* very finely cut j and severed into a number of short and j almost round parts. The flowers are very $ small and yellow, growing spike fashion, j long after which come small long pods, wilhj small yellowish seed in them. The root is \ loftg and woody, perishing every year. | There is another sort, differing in nothing, save only it has somewhat broad leaves ; they have a strong evil savour, being smelled unto, and are of a drying taste. Place.] They flower wild in the fields by hedge-sides and highways, and among rubbish and other places. Time.'] They flower and seed quickly after, namely in June and July. Government and virtues.] This herb is saturnine also. Both the herb and seed of Flux-weed is of excellent use to stay the flux or lask of the belly, being drank in water wherein gads of steel heated have been often quenched; and is no less effectual for the same purpose than Plantain or Com- frey, and to restrain any other flux of blood in man or woman, as also to consolidate bones broken or out of joint. The juice thereof drank in wine, or the decoction of the herb drank, doth kill the worms in the stomach or belly, or the worms that grow in putrid and filthy ulcers ; and made into a salve doth quickly heal all old sores, how foul or malignant soever they be. The distilled water of the herb works the same effects, although somewhat weaker, yet it is a fair medicine, and more acceptable to be taken. It is called Flux-weed because^ it cures the flux, and for its uniting broken bones, See. Paracelsus extols it to the skies. It is fitting that syrup, ointment, and plaisters of it were kept in your houses. flower-de-lucf. IP. io. It is so well known, being nourished up in most gardens, that I shall not need to spend time in writing a description thereof. Time.] The flaggy kinds thereof have the most physical uses ; the dwarf kinds thereof flower in April, the greater sorts in May. Government and virtues.] The herb is Lunar. The juice or decoction of the green root of the flaggy kind of Flower-de-luce, with a little honey drank, doth purge and AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 79 ‘ uiiu Imogen juiuti uiucuij, auuicwudl lidliy, clliU U1 all and drank, it \ evil greenish white colour; at the joints all cholic, brings | along the stalks, and with the leaves come cleanse the stomach of gross and tough j also the pains and noise in the ears, and phlegm, and choler therein; it helps the j the stench of the nostrils. The root itself, jaundice and the dropsy, evacuating those!either green or in powder, helps to cleanse, humours both upwards and downwards ; \ heal, and incarnate wounds, and to cover and because it somewhat hurts the stomach, \ the naked bones with flesh again, that is not to be taken without honey and spike- \ ulcers have made bare; and is also very nard. The same being drank, doth ease j good to cleanse and Jieal up fistulas and the pains and torments of the belly and j cankers that are hard to be cured, sides, the shaking of agues, the diseases of \ X. the liver and spleen, the worms of the belly, ; fluellin', or lluellin.JP. i>(. the stone in the reins, convulsions and! De.script .] It shoots forth many long cramps that come of old humours; it also j branches partly lying upon the ground, helps those whose seed passes from them | and partly standing upright, set with al- unawares: It is a remedy against the; most red leaves, yet a little pointed, and bitings and stingings of venomous crea- j sometimes more long than round, without tures, being boiled in water and vinegar j order thereon, somewhat hairy, and of an and drank. Boiled in water 11 provokes urine, helps the down women’s courses ; and made up info \ forth small flowers, one at a place, upon a pessary with honey, and put up into theja very small short foot-stalk, gaping some¬ body, draws forth the dead child. It is j what like Snap-dragons,or rather like Toad- much commended against the cough, to \ flax, with the upper jaw of a yellow colour, expectorate rough phlegm ; it much eases | and the lower of a purplish, with a small heel pains in the head, and procures sleep; j or spur behind; after which come forth being put into the nostrils it procures \ small round heads, containing small black sneezing, and thereby purges the head of j seed. The root is small and thready, dying phlegm. The juice of the root applied to; every year, and rises itself again of its the piles or haemorrhoids, gives much ease, j own sowing. The decoction of the roots gargled in the { There is another sort of Lluellin which mouth, eases the tooth-ache, and helps the \ has longer branches wholly trailing upon stinking breath. Oil called Oleum Irinum, j the ground, two or three feet long, and if it be rightly made of the great broad \ somewhat more thin, set with leaves there- flag Flower-de-luce and not of the great j on, upon small foot stalks. The leaves are bulbous blue Flower-de-luce, (as is used by* a little larger, and somewhat round, and some apothecaries) and roots of the same, of j cornered sometimes in some places on the the flaggy kinds, is very effectual to warm; edges; but the lower part of them being and comfort all cold joints and sinews, as \ the broadest, hath on each side a small also the gout and sciatica, and mollifies, \ point, making it seem as if they were ears, dissolves and consumes tumours and swell- \ sometimes hairy, but not hoary, and of a ings in any part of the body, as also of the; better green colour than the former. The matrix ; it helps the cramp, or convulsions; flowers come forth like the former, but the of the sinews. The head and temples ; colours therein are more white than yellow, anointed therewith, helps the catarrh or! and the purple not so far. It is a large thin rheum distilled from thence ; and used; flower, and so are the seed and seed-ves- upon the breast or stomach* helps to ex-; sels. The root is like the other, and tenuate the cold tough phlegm ; it helps * perishes every year. ' ( 7 , 8.) ' y 80 THE COMPLETE HERBAL Place.] They grow in divers corn fields, and in borders about them, and in other fertile grounds about Southfleet in Kent abundantly ; at Buchrite, Hamerton, and Richmanworth in Huntingdonshire, and in divers other places. Time.] They are in flower about June and July, and the whole plant is dry and withered before August be done. Government and virtues.] It is a Lunar herb. The leaves bruised and applied with barley meal to watering eyes that are hot and inflamed by defluxions from the head, do very much help them, as also the fluxes of blood or humours, as the lask, bloody flux, women’s courses, and stays all man¬ ner of bleeding at the nose, mouth, or any other place, or that comes by any bruise or hurt, or bursting a vein; it wonderfully helps all those inward parts that need con¬ solidating or strengthening, and is no less effectual both to heal and close green wounds, than to cleanse and heal all foul or old ulcers, fretting or spreading cankers or the like. This herb is of a fine cooling, drying quality, and an ointment or plaister of it might do a man a courtesy that hath any hot virulent sores : ’Tis admirable for the ulcers of the French pox ; if taken in¬ wardly, may cure the disease. fox-glove. :p. to. Descript.] It has many long and broad leaves lying upon the ground dented upon the edges, a little soft or woolly, and of a hoary green colour, among which rise up sometimes sundry stalks, but one very often, bearing such leaves thereon from the bottom to the middle, from whence to the top it is stored with large and long hollow reddish purple flowers, a little more long and eminent at the lower edge, with some white spots within them, one above another with small green leaves at every one, but all of them turning their heads one way, land hanging downwards, having some \ threads also in the middle, from whence § rise round heads, pointed sharp at the ends, \ wherein small brown seed lies. The roots 5 are so many small fibres, and some greater ; strings among them ; the flowers have no \ scent, but the leaves have a bitter hot taste. Place.] It grows on dry sandy ground j for the most part, and as well on the higher the lower places under hedge-sides in as ^ almost every county of this land, j Time.] It seldom flowers before July, j and the seed is ripe in August. Government and virtues.] The plant is \ under the dominion of Venus, being of a | gentle cleansing nature, and withal very | friendly to nature. The herb is familiarly | and frequently used by the Italians to heal I any fresh or green wound, the leaves being but bruised and bound thereon; and the juice thereof is also used in old sores, to | cleanse, dry, and heal them. The decoc- \ tion hereof made up with some sugar or | honey, is available to cleanse and purge tthe body both upwards and downwards, \ sometimes of tough phlegm and clammy \ humours, and to open obstructions of the j liver and spleen. It has been found by \ experience to be available for the king’s | evil, the herb bruised and applied, or an 5 ointment made with the juice thereof, and iso used; and a decoction of two handfuls i thereof, with four ounces of Polipody in \ ale, has been found by late experience to \ cure divers of the falling sickness, that have \ been troubled with it above twenty years. II am confident that an ointment of it is \ one of the best remedies for a scabby head j that is, s 1 FUMITORY. ZE. 10- s s j Descript.] Our common Fumitory is a ; tender sappy herb, sends forth from one | square, a slender weak stalk, and leaning ; downwards on all sides, many branches AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 81 two or three feet long, with finely cut and 1 tilled waterNf the herb is also of good jagged leaves of a whitish or rather blueish j effect in the diseases, and conduces sea green colour; At the tops of the much against the plague and pestilence* branches stand many small flowers, as it j being taken with good treacle. The dis- were in along spike one above another, tilled water also, with a little water and made like little birds, of a reddish purple j honey of roses, helps all sorts of the mouth colour, with whitish bellies, after which? or throat, being gargled often therewith, come small round husks, containing small \ The juice dropped into the eyes, clears the black seeds. The root is yellow, small, and ; sight and takes away redness and other not very long, full of juice while it is green, $ defects in them, although it procure some but quicklj' perishes with the ripe seed. Ini pain for the present, and cause tears, the corn fields in Cornwall, it bears white j Dioscorides saith it hinders any fresh flowers. \ springing of hairs on the eye-lids (after they Placed] It grows in corn fields almost; are pulled away) if the eye-lids be anointed every where, as well as in gardens. [with the juice hereof, with Gum Arabic Time.] It flowers in May, for the most > dissolved therein. The juice of the Fumi- part, and the seed ripens shortly after. j tory and Docks mingled with vinegar, and Government and virtues .] Saturn owns »the places gently washed therewith, cures the herb, and presents it to the world as a | all sorts of scabs, pimples, blotches, wheals, cure for his own disease, and a strengthener j and pushes which arise on the face or of the parts of the body he rules. If by [ hands, or any other parts of the body, my astrological judgment of diseases, from j. the decumbiture, you find Saturn author of; the furze bush.IP. jo. the disease, or if by direction from a[ nativity you fear a saturnine disease ap- \ It is as well known b} r this name, as it is proaching, you may by this herb prevent jin some counties by the name of Gorz or it in the one, and cure it in the other, and | Whins, that I shall not need to write any therefore it is fit you keep a syrup of it \ description thereof, my intent being to always by you. The juice or syrup made [teach my countrymen what they know not, thereof, or the decoction made in whey by : rather than to tell them again of that which itself, with some other purging or opening; is generally known before, herbs and roots to cause it to work the; Place .] They are known to grow on dry better (itself being but weak) is very effec- j barren heaths, and other waste, gravelly tual for the liver and spleen, opening the j or sandy grounds, in all counties of this obstructions thereof, and clarifying the j land. blood from saltish, choleric, and. adust? Time.'] They also flower in the Summer humours, which cause leprosy, scabs, let- $ months. ters, and itches, and such like breakings- j Government and virtues.] Mars owns the out of the skin, and after the purgings doth! herb. They are hot and dry, and open strengthen all the inward parts. It is also j obstructions of the liver and spleen. A de¬ good against tjie yellow-jaundice, and j coction made with the flowers thereof hath spends it by urine, which it procures in : been found effectual against the jaundice, abundance. The powder of the dried herb j as olso to provoke urine, and cleanse the given for some lime together, cures melan-j kidneys from gravel or stone ingendered eholy, but the seed is strongest in opera-; in them. Mars doth also this by sym- tion for all the former diseases. The dis-l pathy. 82 THE COMPLETE HERBAL GARLICK £ !%. i GENTIAN, FELWORT, OR BALDMONY. \ IP, /2.' 5 It is confessed that Gentian, which is The offensiveness of the breath of him! most used amongst us, is brought over from that hath eaten Garlick, will lead you by S beyond sea, yet we have two sorts ot it the nose to the knowledge hereof, and (in -1 growing frequently in our nation, which stead of a description) direct you to the 5 besides the reasons so frequently alledged place where it grows in gardens, which; why English herbs should be fittest for kinds are the best, and most physical. j English bodies, has been proved by the Government and virtues .] Mars owns this x experience ot divers physicians, to be not herb. This was anciently accounted theia whit inferior in virtue to that which poor man’s treacle, it being a remedy for I comes from beyond sea, therefore be pleased all diseases and hurts (except those which ; to take the description ot them as follows, itself breed.) It provokes urine and women’s j Descript.] The greater of the two hath courses, helps the biting of mad dogs, and j many small long roots thrust down deep into the ground, and abiding all the Winter. The stalks are sometimes more, sometimes fewer, of a brownish green colour, which in other venomous creatures; kills worms children, cuts and voids tough phlegm, purges the head, helps the lethargy, is a^ good preservative against, and a remedy j is sometimes two feet high, if the ground for any plague, sore, or foul ulcers ; takes j be fruitful, having many long, narrow, dark away spots and blemishes in the skin, eases{ green leaves, set by couples up to the top ; the flowers are long and hollow, of a purple colour, ending in fine corners. The smaller sort which is to be found in our land, grows up with sundry stalks, not a foot high, parted into several small branches, whereon grow divers small leaves together, very like those of the lesser Centaury, of a whitish green colour ; on the tops of these stalks grow divers perfect blue flowers, in long husks, but not so big as and full pains in the ears, ripens and breaks impos- thumes, or other swellings. And for all those diseases the onions are as effectual, i But the Garlick hath some more peculiar: virtues besides the former, viz. it hath a special quality to discuss inconveniences coming by corrupt agues or mineral vapours, or by drinking corrupt and stinking waters; as also by taking wolf-bane, hen-bane, hemlock, or other poisonous and danger- \ standing ous herbs. It is also held good in hydro-j the other; the root is very small, pick diseases, the jaundice, falling sickness, { of threads. cramps, convulsions, the piles or haemorr-j Place.'] The first grows in divers places hoids, or other cold diseases. Many authors1 of both the East and West counties, and as quote many diseases this is good for; but j well in wet as in dry grounds; as near conceal its vices. Its heat is very vehement,} Long-held by Graves: n 1, near Cobham in and all vehement hot things send up but: Kent* near Lillinstone in Kent, also in a In cho-1 chalk pit hard by a paper-mill not far from fire; in j Dart ford in Kent. The second grows also _ —_v^.j, it will jin divers places in Kent, as about South* attenuate the humour, and send up strong {fleet and Longfield ; upon Barton’s hills in fancies, and as many strange visions to j Bedfordshire; also not far from St. Albans* the head; therefore let it be taken inwardly j upon a piece of waste chalky ground, as with great moderation; outwardly you may {you go out by Dunstable way towards liiake more bold with it. jGorhambury. ill-favoured vapours to the brain, leric men it will add fuel to the oppressed by melancholy, men AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 83 Time.'] They flower in August. temperate, that no excess, neither in heat, -— - <- 1 -’ - . . Government and virtues.] They are under i cold, dryness, nor moisture, can be per- the dominion of Mars, and one of the I ceived in them; they are great strengthened principal herbs he is ruler of. They resist 1 both of the brain and heart, and will there- putrefactions, poison, and a more sure \ fore serve either for cordials or cephalics, remedy cannot be found to prevent the pes- 1 as your occasion will serve. There is both tilence than it is; it strengthens the stomach ! a syrup and a conserve made of them alone, exceedingly, helps digestion, comforts the j commonly to be had at every apothecary's, heart, and preserves it against faintingsjTo take now and then a little ol either, and swoonings : The powder of the dry | strengthens nature much, in such as are in roots helps the biting of mad dogs and 1 consumptions. They are also excellently venomous beasts, open obstructions of the \ good in hot pestilent fevers, and expel liver, and restores an appetite for their meat I poison. to such as have lost it. The herb steeped j germander. //. in wine, and the wine drank, refreshes such \ as be over-weary with traveling, and grow \ Descript .] Common Germander shoots lame in their joints, either by cold or evil j forth sundry stalks, with small and some- lodgings ; it helps stitches, and griping I what round leaves, dented about the edges, pains in the sides; is an excellent remedy | The flowers stand at the tops, of a deep for such as are bruised by falls; it provokes j purple colour. The loot is composed or urine and the terms exceedingly, therefore j divers sprigs, which shoots forth a great let it not be given to women with child : j way round about, quickly overspreading The same is very profitable for such as are \ a garden. troubled with cramps and convulsions, to j Place.] It grows usually with us in drink the decoction *, Also they say it breaks j gardens, the stone, and helps ruptures most cer-1 Time.] And flowers in June and July, tainly : it is excellent in all cold diseases, | Government and virtues.] It is a most and such as are troubled with tough phlegm, \ prevalent herb of Mercury, and strengthens scabs, itch, or any fretting sores and ulcers; 1 the brain and apprehension exceedingly it is an admirable remedy to kill the worms, \ when weak, and relieves them when droop- by taking half a dram of the powder in a j ing. This taken with honey (saith Diosco- morning in any convenient liquor; the same \ rides) is a remedy for coughs, hardness of is excellently good to be taken inwardly | the spleen and difficulty of mine, and for the king’s evil. It helps agues of all; helps those that are fallen into a diopsy, sorts, and the yellow jaundice, as also the \ especially at the beginning of the disease, hots in cattle ; when kine are bitten on the ja decoction being made thereof when it is udder by any venomous beast, do but j green, and drank. It also biings down stroke the place with the decoction of any,* women s courses, and expels the dead of these, and it will instantly heal them. 1,1 child. It is most effectual against the poi- 1 son of all serpents, being drank in wine, clove gillie lowers. 3?. o. j anc j the bruised herb outwardly applied; It is vain to describe an herb so well j used with honey, it cleanses old and foul known. 1 ulcers ; and made into an oil, and the eyes Government and virtues.] They are gallant, j anointed therewith, takes away the dim- fne, temperate flowers, of the nature and \ ness and moistness. It is likewise good for mder the dominion of Jupiter; yea, so ( 9 , 10 .) the pains in the sides and cramps. The z 84 THE COMPLETE HERBAL decoction thereof taken for four days; places of this land, and is usually nursed together, drives away and cures both ter- 5 up in gardens. tain and quartan agues. It is also good* Time.'] It flowers not until July, and against all diseases of the brain, as con- j the seed is ripe in August or September, tinual head-ache, falling-sickness, melan- \ yet the husks after they are ripe, opening choly, drowsiness and dullness of the spirits,; themselves, will hold their seed with them convulsions and palsies. A dram of the \ for two or three months, and not shed them, seed taken in powder purges by urine, and \ Government and virtues.] It is supposed is good against the yellow jaundice. Theito be under the dominion of Saturn. It is juice of the leaves dropped into the ears; used by many country people to purge kills the worms in them. The tops thereof, * corrupt phlegm and choler, which they do when they are in flowers, steeped twenty -\ by drinking the decoction of the roots; four hours in a draught of white wine, and \ and some to make it more gentle, do but drank, kills the worms in the belly. \ infuse the sliced roots in ale ; and some Hake the leaves, which serve well for the stinking gladwin. j weaker stomach : The juice hereof put up, .E. //, | or snuffed up the nose, causes sneezing, Descript.] This is one of the kinds of | and draws from the head much corruption; Flower-de-luce, having divers leaves arising; and the powder thereof doth the same, from the roots, very like a Flower-de-luce,; The powder thereof drank in wine, helps but that they are sharp-edged on both sides, j those that are troubled with the cramps and and thicker in the middle, of a deeper green 1 convulsions, or with the gout and sciatica, colour, narrower and sharper pointed, and j and gives ease to those that have griping a strong ill-scent, if they be bruised be- \ pains in their body and belly, and helps tween the fingers. In the middle rises up j those that have the stranguary. It is given a reasonably strong stalk, a yard high at; with much profit to those that have had least, bearing three or four flowers at the {long fluxes by the sharp and evil quality of top, made somewhat like the flowers of the; humours, which it stays, having first cleansed Flower-de-luce, with three upright leaves, land purged them by the drying and bind- of a dead purplish ash-colour, with somejing property therein. The root boiled in veins discoloured in them; the other three \ wine and drank, doth effectually procure do not fall down, nor are the three other I women's courses, and used as a pessary, small ones so arched, nor cover the lower; works the same effect, but causes abortion leaves as the Flower-de-luce doth, but stand \ in women with child. Half a dram of the loose or asunder from them. After they I seed beaten to powder, and taken in wine, are past, there come up three square hard \ doth speedily cause one to make water husks, opening wide into three parts when \ abundantly. The same taken with vine- they are ripe, wherein lie reddish seed, \ gar, dissolves the hardness and swellings turns black when it hath abiden long. The j of the spleen. The root is very effectual root is like that of the Flower-de-luce, but jin all wounds, especially of the head; as reddish on the outside, and whitish within,; also to draw forth any splinters, thorns, or very sharp and hot in the taste, of as evil j broken bones, or any other thing sticking a scent as the leaves. jin the flesh, without causing pains, being Flace.] This grows as well in upland i used with a little verdigrease and honey, grounds, as in moist places, woods, and; and the great Centaury root. The. same shadowy places by the sea-side in many j boiled in vinegar, and laid upon any tumour AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. R5 or swelling, doth very effectually dissolve j and consume them ; yea, even the swell- j ings of the throat called the king’s evil ; j the juice of the leaves or roots heals the * itch, and all running or spreading scabs, \ sores, blemishes, or scars in the skin, where- | soever they be. GOLDEN ROD. 2 . which grow small, long, hard, and rough! Called also Feapberry, and in Sussex leaves like the former, but less; among i Dewberry _ Bush and in some Counties which leaves come forth small white nowers, * w- K errv - . and after them greyish round seed like the ! Gme „Zerd and virtues.] They are under former; the root is not very big, but with j thedominionof Venus. The berries, while many strings thereat. ithey are unripe, being scalded or baked, The garden Gromel has divers upright, j ar / d t0 s { ir up a fainting or decayed slender, woody, hairy stalks blown and; s tite especially such whose stomachs crossed, very little branched, with leaves, a £ afflicted y choleric humours . They are like the former and white flowers; afterj excel]entl d t0 stay longlngs of w ' lnen which, in rough brown husks, is contained i wkh chi ] d a Yo u may keep them pre- a white, hard, round seed shining like | served with sugar all the year long. The pearls, and greater than either the former ; j decoction of & e leaves J the tr a coo)s the root is like the first described, with| hot swellings and inflammations; as also divers branches and sprigs thereat which t Anthon *> s fire . The ri Gooseberries continues as the first doth) all the Winter, j bei eat are an excel f ent remed to Place ] rhe two first grow wild in barren all s theviolent heat both of the sl0I1 -; ach or unfilled places, and by the way side an / liver . The u and ten der leaves in many places of this land The last j break the stone, and expel gravel both from a nursling in the gardens of the curious. ; the kid and bladd( f r . fe An the evi | they Tune ] They all flower from Midsummer do to th e body of man is, they are sup- t posed to breed crudities, and by crudities, \ worms. until September sometimes, mean time the seed ripens. Government and Virtues.~\ The herb belongs t to Dame Venus; and therefore if Mars j winter-green. cause the cholic or stone, as usually hej j». doth, if in Virgo, this is your cure. These * Descript.'] This sends forth seven, eight, are accounted to be of as singular force as \ or nine leaves from a small brown creeping any herb or seed whatsoever, to break the i root, every one standing upon a long foot stone and to void it, and the gravel either | stalk, which are almost as broad as long, in the reins or bladder, as also to provoke \ round pointed, of a sad green colour, and urine being stopped, and to help stranguary. 1 hard in handling, and like the leaf of a The seed is of greatest use, being bruised ; Pear-tree; from whence arises a slender and boiled in white wine or in broth, or the j weak stalk, yet standing upright, bearing like, or the powder of the seed taken there- S at the top many small white sweet-smelling in. Two drams of the seed in powder; flowers, laid open like a star, consisting of taken with women's breast milk, is very | five round pointed leaves, with many yellow effectual to procure a very speedy delivery l threads standing in the middle about a green to such women as have sore pains in their j head, and a long stalk with them, which in travail, and cannot be delivered: The herb;time grows to be the seed-vessel, which itself, (when the seed is not to be had) either \ being ripe is found five^square, with a small AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 87 point at it, wherein is contained seed as j it may be seen many months in the year, small as dust. \ both green and in dower, and seed ; for it Place.] It grows seldom in fields, but 1 will spring and seed twice in a year at frequent in the woods northwards, viz. in \ least, if it be suffered in a garden. Yorkshire, Lancashire, and Scotland. j Place.'] They grow almost every where, Time.] It flowers about June and July. *as well on tops of walls, as at the foot, Government and virtues.] Winter-green | amongst rubbish and untilled grounds, but is under the dominion of Saturn, and is a' especially in gardens. singularly good wound herb, and an espe- j Time.] It flowers, as was said before, al- cial remedy for healing green wounds j most every month throughout the year, speedily, the green leaves being bruised and Government and virtues.] This herb is applied, or the juice of them. A salve \ Venus's mistress-piece, and is as gallant made of the green herb stamped,- or the 1 and universal a medicine for all diseases juice boiled with hog's lard, or with salad * coming of heat, in what part of the body oil and wax, and some turpentine added j soever the} r be, as the sun shines upon; it is to it, is a sovereign salve, and highly ex-j very safe and friendly to the body of man: tolled by the Germans, who use it to heal jyet causes vomiting if the stomach be af* all manner of wounds and sores. The herb : flicted ; if not, purging: and it doth it with boiled in wine and water, and given to 1 more gentleness than can be expected; it is drink to them that have any inward ulcers j moist, and something cold withal, thereby in their kidneys, or neck of the bladder, 1 causing expulsion, and repressing the heat doth wonderfully help them. It stays all \ caused by the motion of the internal parts fluxes, as the lask, bloody fluxes, women's j in purges and vomits. Lay by our learned courses, and bleeding of wounds, and takes \ receipts ; take so much Sena, so much away any inflammations rising upon pains 1 Scammony, so much Colocynthis, so much of the heart; it is no less helpful for foul ] infusion of Crocus Metallorum, &c. this ulcers hard to be cured; as also for cankers j herb alone preserved in a syrup, in a dis- or fistulas. The distilled water of the herb 1 tilled water, or in an ointment, shall do effectually performs the same things. t the deed for you in all hot diseases, and> 1 shall do it, 1, Safely ; 2, Speedily. groundsel, v iz. \ The decoction of this herb (saith Diosco- * Desciipt.] Our common Groundsel has : rides) made with wine, and drank, helps a round green and somewhat brownish, the pains of the stomach, proceeding ot stalk, spreading toward the top into branches,choler, (which it may well do by a vomit) set with long and somewhat narrow green : as daily experience shews. The juice there- leaves, cut in on the edges, somewhat like: of taken in drink, or the decoction of it in the oak-leaves, but less, and round at the j ale, gently performs the same. It is good end. At the tops of the branches stand j against the jaundice and falling sickness, many small green heads, out of which grow i being taken in wine ; as also against dif- several small, yellow threads or thumbs, j ficulty of making water. It provokes which are the flowers, and continue many : urine, expels gravel in the reins or kidneys; days blown in that manner, before it pass ! a drain thereof given iii oxymel, after some away into down, and with] the seed is| walking or stirring of the body. It helps carried away in the wind. The root is small | also the sciatica, griping of the belly, the and thready, and soon perishes, and as \ cholic, defects of the liver, and provokes soon rises again of its own sowing, so that; women's courses. The fresh herb boiled, (9, 10.) . i a A 88 THE COMPLETE HERBAL ARTICHOKES. SlgH and made into a poultice, applied to the \ and a gallant remedy for the inflammation breasts of women that are swollen with pain j of the lungs and breasts, pleurisy, scabs and heat, as also the privy parts of man or'; itch, &c. It is under the celestial woman, the seat or fundament, or the ar-i Cancer, teries, joints, and sinews, when they are j inflamed and swollen, doth much ease them; j • and used with some salt, helps to dissolvej T Latins call them Cinera, only our knots or kernels in any part of the body, j ^ cal|s tUem Artichocus. Ihe juice of the herb, 01 as (Dioscondes j Government and virtues.'] They are under sauh the leaves and flowers with some -fine j dominion of y enU8 , J an d therefore it is Frankincense m powder, used in wounds of | nQ marvd if they proV oke lust, as indeed the body, neives 01 sinews, doth snigu ally j r ^ being somewhat windy meat; help to heal them. The distilled wa er of * and yet t p ey stay the involuntary course of the herb performs well all the a.o esaidj natura] sced j n ma n, which is commonly cures, but especially for mflamm tions 01 > jj d nocturna i pollutions. And here I watering of the eyes, by reason of the de-j eare not greatly if I quote a iittle of Galenas i nonsense in his treatise of the faculties of i nourishment. He saith, they contain plenty \ of choleric juice, (which notwithstanding I can scarcely believe,) of which he saith ... the eyes fluxion of rheum unto them HEART S-EASE. 1». ) This is that herb which such physicians* as are licensed to blaspheme by authority, j 1 engenTerfmdanchoiy'juice, and ofThai without danger of having their tongues j mela | chol juice thin choleric blood. But, burned through with an hot iron, called an, e / J this is certa in, that the decoc- herb of the Innity. It is also called by * . t, • ’ • _ . ^ J i . rpi t? * tion of the root boiled in wine, oi the root those that are more moderate, Ihree laces *, . . , r nu in nn aipmtin - - I-Iood, Live in Idleness, Cull me to bruised and d's .lied m wine in an alembic, in Sussex we call them Pancies. and , beln S drank > P ur S es by unne eXCeed - in a you and * ingly. P/«ce.] Besides those which are brought ^ up in gardens, they grow commonly wild| iiarts-toxgue. in the fields, especially in such as are very! barren: sometimes you may find it on the \ Descript. This has divers leaves arising tops of the high hills. j from the root, every one severally, which Time.~] They flower all the Spring and j fold themselves in their first springing and Summer long. * spreading : when they are full grown, are Government and virtues .] The herb is \ about a foot long, smooth and green above* really saturnine, something cold, viscous, * but hard and with little sap in them, and and slimy. A strong decoction of the herbs I streaked on the back, athwart on both sides and flowers (if you will, you may make it j of the middle rib, with small and some- into syrup) is an excellent cure for the French \ what long and brownish marks; the bot- pox, the herb being a gallant antivenereal: \ toms of the leaves are a little bowed on and that antivenereals are the best cure for {each side of the middle rib, somewhat that disease, far better and safer than to \ small at the end. The root is of many torment them with the flux, divers foreign j black threads, folded or interlaced together, physicians have confessed. The spirit of: Timei] It is green all the Winter; but it is excellently good for the convulsions in * new leaves spring every year, children, as also for the falling sickness,* Government and virtues .] Jupiter claims AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 89 dominion over this herb, therefore it is a! was the father of slander; Or are men’s singular remedy for the liver, both to:tongues so given to slander one another, strengthen it when weak, and ease it when : that they must slander Nuts loo, to keep afflicted, you shall do well to keep it in a j their tongues in use? If any part of the Hazel Nut be stopping, it is the husks and shells, and no one is so mad as to eat them, unless physically; and the red skin which the hardness and stoppings of the spleen 1 covers the kernel, you may easily pull off. and liver, and against the heat of the liver \ And so thus have I made an apology for and stomach, and against lasks, and the: Nuts, which cannot speak for themselves, bloody-flux. The distilled water thereof is \ i i * 4 . 4.1 * v 4 -"U > HAWK-WEED. also very good against the passions or the l heart, and to stay the hiccough, to help) There are several sorts of Hawk-weed, the falling of the palate, and to stay the \ but they are similar in virtues, bleeding of the gums, being gargled in the ' Descript .] It has many large leaves mouth. Dioscorides saith, it is good against lying upon the ground, much rent or torn, the stinging or biting of serpents. As for j on the sides into gashes like Dandelion, the use of it, my direction at the latter end j but with greater parts, more like the will be sufficient, and enough for those that \ smooth Sow Thistle, from among which are studious in physic, to whet their brains j rises a hollow, rough stalk, two or three upon for one year or two. ; feet high, branched from the middle up- : ward, whereon are set at every joint longer hazel-nut. ip . UO j leaves, little or nothing rent or cut, bearing Hazel Nuts are so well known to every ion them sundry pale, yellow flowers, con- body, that they need no description. j sisting of many small, narrow leaves, broad Government and virtues .They are under j pointed, and nicked in at the ends, set the dominion of Mercury. The parted j in a double row or more, the outermost kernels made into an electuary, or the milk i being larger than the inner, which form drawn from the kernels with mead or j most of the Hawk-weeds (for there are honeyed water, is very good to help an old ? many kinds of them) do hold, which turn cough; and being parched, and a little j into down, and with the small brown- pepper put to them and drank, digests the fish seed is blown away with the wind. The distillations of rheum from the head. The;root is long, and somewhat great, with dried husks and shells, to the weight of two j many small fibres thereat. I he whole plant drams, taken in red wine, stays lasks and $ is full of bitter-milk. women’s courses, and so doth the red skin: Placei ] It grows in divers places about that covers the kernels, which is more ef- j the field sides, and the path-ways in dry fectual to stay women’s courses. ; \ grounds. And if this be true, as it is, then why \ Timei] It flowers and flies away in the should the vulgar so familiarly affirm, that j Summer months. eating nuts causes shortness of breath, than i Government and virtues .] Saturn owns which nothing is falser? For, how can that jit. Hawk-weed (saith Dioscorides) is cool- which strengthens the lungs, cause shortness j ing, somewhat drying and binding, and of breath ? I confess, the opinion is far j therefore good for the heat of the stomach, older than I am; I knew tradition was ajand gnawings therein; foi inflammations, friend to error before, but never that he j and the hot fits of agues. 1 he juice theieof so THE COMPLETE HERBAL in wine, helps digestion, discusses wind, j day, it rather shews the superstition of* hinders crudities abiding in the stomach, j those that observe it for the time of its and helps the difficulty of making water, j flowering, than any great wonder, since the biting of venomous serpents, and sting-1 the like may be found in divers other places ing of the scorpion, if the herb be also | of this land; as in Whey-street in Romney outwardly applied to the place, and is very 1 Marsh, and near unto Nantwich in Che- good against all other poisons. A scruple shire, by a place called White Green, where of the dried root given in wine and vine-jit flowers about Christmas and May. If gar, is profitable for those that have the f the weather be frosty, it flowers not until dropsy. The decoction of the herb taken \ January, or that the hard weather be over, in honey, digests the phlegm in the chest \ Government and virtues .] It is a tree of or lungs, and with Hyssop helps the cough, j Mars. The seeds in the berries beaten to The decoction thereof, and of wild Sue- powder being drank in wine, are held sin- cory, made with wine, and taken, helps the$ gularly good against the stone, and are good wind cholic and hardness of the spleen ; it for the dropsy. The distilled water of the procures rest and sleep, hinders venery j flowers stay the lask. The seed cleared and venerous dreams, cooling heats, purges \ from the down, bruised and boiled in wine, the stomach, increases blood, and helps j and drank, is good for inward tormenting the diseases of the reins and bladder. Out- pains. If cloths or sponges be wet in the wardly applied, it is singularly good for distilled water, and applied to any place all the defects and diseases of the eyes, used wherein thorns and splinters, or the like, with some womens milk; and used with j do abide in the flesh, it will notably draw good success in fretting or creeping ulcers, \ them forth. especially in the beginning. The green ! And thus you see the thorn gives a medi- leaves bruised, and with a little salt ap- \ cine for its own pricking, and so doth plied to any place burnt with fire, before j almost every thing else, blisters do rise, helps them; as also in- j flammations, St. Anthony's fire, and all* hemlock. IP, 1$. pushes and eruptions, hot and salt phlegm. $ , The same applied with meal and fair water j Descript.'] The common great Hemlock in manner of a poultice, to any place af- \ grows up with a green stalk, four or five fected with convulsions, the cramp, and \ feet high, or more, full of red spots -some- such as are out of joint, doth give help and j times, and at the joints very large winged ease. The distilled water cleanses the skin, j leaves set at them, which are divided into and takes away freckles, spots, morphew, j many other winged leaves, one set against or wrinkles in the face. j the other, dented about the edges, of a sad . * green colour, branched towards the top, haw thorn. . where it is full of umbels of white flotvers, It is not my intention to trouble you \ and afterwards with whitish flat seed : The with a description of this tree, which is so \ root is long, white, and sometimes crooked, well known that it needs none. It is ordi- \ and hollow within. The whole plant, and nariiy but a hedge bush, although being j every part, has a strong, heady, and ill- pruned and dressed, it grows to a tree of! savoured scent, much offending the senses, a reasonable height. \ Place.] It grows in all counties of this As for the Hawthorn Tree at Glastonbury, fland, by walls and hedge-sides, in waste which is said to flower yearly on Christmas-1 grounds and untilled places. AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 91 Time.~\ It flowers and seeds in July, or thereabouts. Government and virtues.~\ Saturn claims dominion over this herb, yet I wonder why it may not be applied to the privities in a Priapism, or continual standing of the yard, it being very beneficial to that disease ; I suppose, my author’s judgment was first upon the opposite disposition of Saturn to Venus in those faculties, and therefore he forbade the applying of it to those parts, that it might not cause barrenness, or spoil the spirit procreative; which if it do, yet applied to the privities, it stops its lustful thoughts. Hemlock is exceedingly cold, and very dangerous, especially to be taken inwardly. It may safely be applied to in¬ flammations, tumours, and swellings in any part of the body (save the privy parts) as also to St. Anthony’s fire, wheals, pushes, and creeping ulcers that arise of hot sharp humours, by cooling and repelling the heat; the leaves bruised and laid to the brow or forehead are good for their eyes that are red and swollen ; as also to take away a pin and web growing in the eye ; this is a tried medicine: Take a small handful of this herb, and half so much bay salt, beaten together, and applied to the contrary wrist of the hand, for 24 hours, doth remove it in thrice dressing. It the root thereof be roasted under the embers, wrapped in dou¬ ble wet paper, until it be soft and tender, and then applied to the gout in the hands or fingers, it will quickly help this evil. If any through mistake eat the herb Hem¬ lock instead of Parsley, or the roots in¬ stead of a Parsnip (both of which it is very like) whereby happens a kind of frenzy, or perturbation of the senses, as if tliey were stupid and drunk, the remedy is (as Pliny saith) to drink of the best and strongest pure wine, before it strikes to the heart, or Gentian put in wine, or a draught of vine¬ gar, wherewith Tragus doth affirm, that lie cured a woman that had eaten the root. ( 9 , 10 .) HEMP. 13, This is so well known to every good housewife in the country, that I shall not need to write any description oi it. Time.~\ It is sown in the very end of March, or beginning of April, and is ripe in August or September. Government and virtues.~\ It is a plant of Saturn, and good for something else, you see, than to make halters only. The seed of Hemp consumes wind, and by too much use thereof disperses it so much that it dries up the natural seed for procreation ; yet, being boiled in milk and taken, helps such as have a hot dry cough. The Dutch make an emulsion out of the seed, and give it with good success to those that have the jaundice, especially in the beginning of the disease, if there be no ague accompanying it, for it opens obstructions of the gall, and causes digestion of choler. The emulsion or decoction of the seed stays lasks and continual fluxes, eases the cholic, and allays the troublesome humours in the bo-wels, and stays bleeding at the mouth, nose, or other places, some of the leaves being fried with the blood of them that bleed, and so given them to eat. It is held very good to kill the worms in men or beasts; and the juice dropped into the ears kills worms in them; and draws forth earwigs, 'or other living creatures gotten into them. The de¬ coction "of the root allays inflammations of the head, or any other parts : the herb it¬ self, or the distilled water thereof doth the like. The decoction of the root eases the pains of the gout, the hard humours of knots in the joints, the pains and shrinking of the sinews, and the pains of the hips. The fresh juice mixed with a little oil and butter, is good for any place that hath been burnt with fire, being thereto applied. HENBANE. Descript.~] Our common Henbane has B B m THE COMPLETE HERBAL very large, thick, soft, woolly leaves, lying t found without it growing by it. Ergo, it on the ground, much cut in, or torn on the \ is an herb of Saturn. The leaves of Hen- edges, of a dark, ill greyish green colour;! bane do cool all hot inflammations in the among which arise up divers thick and \ eyes, or any other part of the body; and short stalks, two or three feet high, spread j are good to assuage all manner of swellings into divers small branches, with lesser leaves \ of the privities, or women’s breast, or else- on them, and many hollow flowers, scarce \ where, if they be boiled in wine, and either appearing above the husk, and usually torn applied themselves, or the fomentation on one side, ending in five round points, j warm; it also assuages the pain of the gout, growing one above another, of a deadish \ the sciatica, and other pains in the joints yellowish colour, somewhat paler towards \ which arise from a hot cause. And applied the edges, with many purplish veins \ with vinegar to the forehead and temples,, therein, and of a dark, yellowish purple j helps the head-ache and want of sleep in in the bottom of the flower, with a small \ hot fevers. The juice of the herb or seed* point of the same colour in the middle, j or the oil drawn from the seed, does the each of them standing in a hard close husk, | like. The oil of the seed is helpful for which after the flowers are past, grow very \ deafness, noise, and worms in the ears* like the husk of Asarabacca, and some- j being dropped therein; the juice of the what sharp at the top points, wherein is \ herb or root doth the same. The decoction contained much small seed, very like Poppy | of the herb or seed, or both, kills lice in seed, but of a dusky, greyish colour. The \ man or beast. The fume of the dried herb, root is great, white, and thick, branching j stalks and seed, burned, quickly heals forth divers ways under ground, so like a i swellings, chilblains or kibes in the hands Parsnij) root (but that it is not so white) \ or feet, by holding them in the fume there- that it has deceived others. The whole plant * of. The remedy to help those that have more than the root, has a very heavy, ill, $ taken Henbane is to drink goat’s milk, soporiferous smell, somewhat offensive. \ honeyed water, or pine kernels, with sweet Placed] It commonly grows by the way- wine ; or, in the absence of these, Fennel sides, and under hedge-sides and walls. I; seed, Nettle seed, the seed of Cresses, Time.'] It flowers in July, and springs Mustard, or Radish; as also Onions or again yearly of its own seed. I doubt my * Garlic taken in wine, do all help to free authors mistook July for June, if not for* them from danger, and restore them to their May. \ due temper again. Government and virtues.] I wonder how j Take notice, that this herb must never astrologers could take on them to make this ; be taken inwardly ; outwardly, an oil oint- an herb of Jupiter; and yet Mizaldus, a * ment, or plaister of it, is most admirable man of a penetrating brain, was of that | for the gout, to cool the veneral heat of the opinion as well as the rest; the herb is in- * reins in the French pox ; to stop the tooth- deed under the dominion of Saturn, and;ache, being applied to the aching side; to I prove it by this argument: All the herbs j allay all inflammations, and to help the which delight most to grow in saturnine; diseases before premised, places, are saturnine herbs. Both lien- j bcine delights most to grow in saturnine j hedge hissop. places, and whole cart loads of it may be \ Divek*s sorts there are of this plant; found near the places where they empty the \ the first of which is an Italian by birth, and common Jakes, and scarce a ditch to be;only nursed up here in the gardens of the AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 93 curious. Two or three sorts are found com- j Bear’s-foot, Christmas-herb, and Christmas- monly growing wild here, the description \ flowers. of two of which I shall give you. § Descript. ] It hath sundry fair green Descript.'] The first is a smooth, low Heaves rising from the root, each of them plant, not a foot high, very bitter in taste, \ standing about an handful high from the with many square stalks, diversly branched j earth; each leaf is divided into seven, eight, from the bottom to the top, with divers J or nine parts, dented from the middle of joints, and two small leaves at each joint, j the leaf to the point on both sides, abiding broader at the bottom than they are at the j green all the Winter; about Christmas- end, a little dented about the edges, of a 1 time, if the weather beany thing temperate, sad green colour, and full of veins. The l the flowers appear upon foot stalks, also flowers stand at the joints, being of a fair \ consisting of five large, round, white leaves purple colour, with some white spots in ja-piece, which sometimes are purple towards them, in fashion like those of dead nettles.i the edges, with many pale yellow thumbs The seed is small and yellow, and the roots \ in the middle ; the seeds are divided into spread much under ground. \ several cells, like those of Columbines, The second seldom grows half a foot l save only that they are greater ; the seeds high, sending up many small branches, j are in colour black, and in form long and whereon grow many small leaves, set one \ round. The root consists of numberless against the other, somewhat broad, but 1 blackish strings all united into one head, very short. The flowers are like the flowers j There is. anpther Black Hellebore, which of the other fashion, but of a pale reddish $ grows up and down in the woods very like colour. The seeds are small and yellowish. 5 this, but only that the leaves are smaller The root spreads like the other, neither will j and narrower, and perish in the Winter, it yield to its fellow one ace of bitterness. \ which this doth not. Place.] They grow in wet low grounds, | Place.] The first is maintained in gar- and by the water-sides; the last may be i dens. The second is commonly found in found among the bogson Hampstead Heath. \ the woods in Northamptonshire. Time.] They flower in June or July,! Time.] The first flowers in December and the seed is ripe presently after. \ or January ; the second in February or Government and virtues.] They are herbs! March, of Mars, and as choleric and churlish as ; Government and virtues.] It is an herb of he is, being most violent purges, especially \ Saturn, and therefore no marvel if it has of choler and phlegm. It is not safe taking j some sullen conditions with it, and would them inwardly, unless they be well rectified \ be far safer, being purified by the art of the by the art of the alchymist, and only the j alchymist than given raw. If any have purity of them given ; so used they may be \ taken any harm by taking it, the common very helpful both for the dropsy, gout, \ cure is to take goat's milk : If you cannot and sciatica ; outwardly used in ointments j get goat's milk, you must make a shift with they kill worms, the belly anointed with it, * such as you can get. The roots are very and are excellently good to cleanse old and : effectual against all melancholy diseases, filthy ulcers. ! especially such as are of long standing, as r ; quartan agues and madness ; it helps the black hellebore. * falling sickness, the leprosy, both the yel- \ low and black jaundice, the gout, sciatica, It is also called Setter-wort, Setter-grass,iand convulsions; and this was found out 94 THE COMPLETE HERBAL by experience, that the root of that which grows wild in our country, works not so churlishly as those do which are brought from beyond sea, as being maintained by a more temperate air. The root used as a pessary, provokes the terms exceedingly ; also being beaten into powder, and strewed upon foul ulcers, it consumes the dead flesh, and instantly heals them; nay, it will help gangrenes in the beginning. Twenty grains taken inwardly is a sufficient dose for one time, and let that be corrected with half so much cinnamon ; country peo¬ ple used to rowel their cattle with it. If a beast be troubled with a cough, or have taken any poison, they bore a hole through the ear, and put a piece of the root in it, this will help him in 24 hours time. Many other uses farriers put it to which I shall forbear. HERB ROBERT. ~F, H, The Herb Robert is held in great esti¬ mation by farmers, who use it in diseases of their cattle. Descript .] It rises up with a reddish stalk two feet high, having divers leaves thereon, upon very long and reddish foot¬ stalks, divided at the ends into three or five divisions, each of them cut in on the edges, which sometimes turn reddish. At the tops of the stalks come forth divers flowers made of five leaves, much larger than the Dove’s-foot, and of a more reddish colour; after which come black heads, as in others. The root is small and thready, and smells, as the whole plant, very strong, almost stinking. Place.] This grows frequently every where by the way-sides, upon ditch banks and waste grounds wheresoever one goes. Time.] It flowers in June and July chiefly, and the seed is ripe shortly after. Government and virtues.] It is under the dominion of Venus. Herb Robert is com¬ mended not only against the stone, but to stay blood, where or howsoever flowing ; it speedily heals all green wounds, and is effectual in old ulcers in the privy parts, or elsewhere. You may persuade yourself this is true, and also conceive a good reason for it, do but consider it is an herb of Venus, for all it hath a man’s name. HERB TRUE-LOVE, OR ONE-BERRY. '] ■j > Descript.] Ordinary Herb True-love has a small creeping root running under the uppermost crust of the ground, somewhat like couch grass root, but not so white, shooting forth stalks with leaves, some whereof carry no berries, the others do; every stalk smooth without joints, and blackish green, rising about half a foot high, if it bear berries, otherwise seldom so high, bearing at the top four leaves set directly one against another, in manner of a cross or ribband tied (as it is called in a true- loves knot,) which are each of them apart somewhat like unto a night-shade leaf, but somewhat broader, having sometimes three leaves, sometimes five, sometimes six, and those sometimes greater than in others, in the middle of the four leaves rise up one small slender stalk, about an inch high, bearing at the lops thereof one flower spread open like a star, consisting of four small and long narrow pointed leaves of a yellow¬ ish green colour, and four others lying between them lesser than they ; in the mid¬ dle whereof stands a round dark purplish button or head, compassed about with eight small } r ellow mealy threads with three colours, making it the more conspicuous, and lovely to behold. This button or head in the middle, when the other leaves are withered, becomes a blackish purple berry, full of juice, of the bigness of a reasonable grape, having within it many white seeds. The whole plant is without any manifest taste. Place.] It grows in woods and copses, and sometimes in the corners or borders of - AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 95 fields, and waste grounds in very many j Hyssop boiled with rue and honey, and places of this land, and abundantly in the j drank, helps those that are troubled with woods, copses, and other places about j coughs, shortness of breath, wheezing and Chislehurst and Maidstone in Kent. I rheumatic distillation upon the lungs; taken Time.'] They spring up in the middle of fatso with oxyinel, it purges gross humours April or May, and are in flower soon after, j by stool; and with honey, kills worms in The berries are ripe in the end of May, j the belly; and with fresh and new figs and in some places in June. ; bruised, helps to loosen the belly, and moie Government and virtues.] Venus owns it; \ forcibly if the root of Flower-de-luce and the leaves or berries hereof are effectual to j cresses be added thereto. It amends and expel poison of all sorts, especially that of j cherishes the native colour of the body, the aconites; as also, the plague, and other ^ spoiled by the yellow jaundice, and bting pestilential disorders; Matthiolus saith, that j taken with figs and nitre, helps the dropsy some that have Iain long in a lingering sick- \ and spleen ; being boiled with wine, it is ness, and others that by witchcraft (as it i good to wash inflammations, and takes was thought) were become half foolish, by {away the black and blue spots and marks taking a dram of the seeds or berries hereof j that come by strokes, bruises, or falls, being in powder every day for 20 days together, j applied with warm water. It is an excellent were restored to their former health. The j medicine for the quinsy, or swellings in roots in powder taken in wine eases the; the throat, to wash and gargle it, being pains of the cholic speedily. The leaves | boiled in figs; it helps the tooth-ache, being are very effectual as well for green wounds,} boiled in vinegar and gargled therewith, as to cleanse and heal up filthy old sores j The hot vapours of the decoction taken by and ulcers; and is very powerful to discuss ; a funnel in at the eais, eases the inflanima- all tumours and swellings in the privy; lions and singing noise of them. Being parts, the groin, or in any part of the body, I bruised, and salt, honey, and cummin seed and speedily to allay all inflammations.^ put to it, helps those that aic stung by The juice of the leaves applied to felons, or * serpents. The oil thereof (the head being those nails of the hands or toes that have ? anointed) kills lice, and takes away itching imposthumes or sores gathered together at j of the head. It helps those that have the the roots of them, heals them in a short j.falling sickness, which way soever it be space. The herb is not to be described for i applied. It helps to expectorate tough •the premises, but is fit to be nourished in j phlegm, and is effectual in all cold griefs -every °ood woman’s garden. i or diseases of the chests 01 lungs, being ® \ taken either in syrup or licking medicine. hyssop. | The green herb bruised and a little sugar Hyssop is so well known to be an inha- j put thereto, doth quickly heal any cut or bitant in every garden, that it will save me green wounds, being thereunto applied. t ,, labour in writing a description thereof. I he, virtues are as follow. $ hops. t Government and virtues.] The herb is t Jupiter’s,and the sign Cancer. It strengthens i These are so well known that they need ali the parts of the body under Cancer and ? no description ; 1 mean the manured kind, Jupiter; which what they may be, is found ? which every good husband or housewife is amply described in my astrological judg- j acquainted with. men t of diseases. Dioscorides saith, thatq T)escrift.] I he wild hop glows up as the (9, 10.) c c 96 THE COMPLETE HERBAL other doth, ramping upon trees or hedges,; IIOREHOUND. are two kinds of that stand next to them,with rough branches; and leaves like the former, but it gives \ There are two kinds or Horehound, smaller heads, and in far less plenty than 1 the white and the black The black sort it, so that there is scarcely a head or two \ is likewise called Hen-bit; but the white seen in a year on divers of this wild kind, \ one is here spoken of. wherein consists the chief difference. j Descript .] Common Horehound grows Placed] They delight to grow in low \ up with square hairy stalks, half a yard or moist grounds, and are found in all parts 1 two feet high, set at the joints with two of this land. j round crumpled rough leaves of a sullen Time.] They spring not until April, and j hoary green colour, of a reasonable good flower not until the latter end of June ; the i scent, but a very bitter taste. The flowers heads are not gathered until the middle or; are small, white, and gaping, set in a rough, latter end of September. j hard prickly husk round about the joints, Government and virtues .] It is under the j with the leaves from the middle of the dominion of Mars. This, in physical \ stalk upward, wherein afterward is found operations, is to open obstructions of the j small round blackish seed. The root is liver and spleen, to cleanse the blood, to j blackish, hard and woody, with many loosen the belly, to cleanse the reins from j strings, and abides many years, gravel, and provoke urine. The decoc- tion of the tops of Hops, as well of the tame as the wild, works the same effects. Place.'] It is found in many parts of this land, in dry grounds, and waste green w __ _ _ __ places. In cleansing the blood they help to cure • Time.] It flowers in July, and the seed the French diseases, and all manner of j is ripe in August. scabs, itch, and other breakings-out of the \ Government and virtues .] It is an herb body; as also all tetters, ringworms, and j of Mercury. A decoction of the dried spreading sores, the morphew and all dis- \ herb, with the seed, or the juice of the colouring of the skin. The decoction of j green herb taken with honey, is a remedy the flowers and hops, do help to expel j for those that are short-winded, have a poison that any one hath drank. Half a \ cough, or are fallen into a consumption, dram of the seed in powder taken in drink, \ either through long sickness, or thin dis¬ kills worms in the body, brings down filiations of rheum upon the lungs. It helps women's courses, and expels urine. A syrup \ to expectorate tough phlegm from the chest, made of the juice and sugar, cures the yel -1 being taken from the roots of Iris or Orris, low jaundice, eases the head-ache that comes; It is given to women to bring down their of heat, and tempers the heat of the liver j courses, to expel the after-birth, and to and stomach, and is profitably given in \ them that have taken poison, or are stung long and hot agues that rise in choler and *or bitten by venemous serpents., The leaves blood. Both the wild a’hd the manured \ used with honey, purge foul ulcers, stay are of one property, and alike effectual in j running or creeping sores, and the growing all the aforesaid diseases. By all these ; of the flesh over the nails. It also helps testimonies beer appears to be better than! pains of the sides. The juice thereof with ale. I wine and honey, helps to clear the eye- Mars owns the plant, and then Dr. Rea-; sight, and snuffed up into the nostrils, son will tell you how it performs these \ purges away the yellow-jaundice, and with, actions. ; a little oil of roses dropped into the ears, AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 97 t \ them. Galen saith, it; Time.'] They spring up in April, and 2 their blooming catkins in July, seeding for eases the pains of opens obstructions both of the liver and spleen, and purges the breast and lungs of phlegm : and used outwardly it both cleanses and digests. A decoction of Hore- hound (saith Matthiolus) is available for the most part in August, and then perish down to the ground, rising afresh in the Spring. Government and virtues .] The herb be- those that have hard livers, and for such as; longs to Saturn, yet is very harmless, and have itches and running tetters. The pow- j excellently good for the things following: der hereof taken, or the decoction, kills j Horsetail, the smoother rather than the worms. The green leaves bruised, and trough, and the leaves rather than the bare, - * • , ' • 1 I 1 T • A ■» boiled in old hog's grease into an oint- * is most physical. It is very powerful to ment, heals the biting of dogs, abates the j staunch bleeding either inward or outward, swellings and pains that come by any $ the juice or the decoction thereof being pricking of thorns, or such like means; and; drank, or the juice, decoction, or distilled used with vinegar, cleanses and heals tetters.; [water applied outwardly. It also stays all There is a syrup made of Horehound to be? sorts of lasks and fluxes in man or woman, had at the apothecaries, very good for old 5 and bloody urine ; and heals also not only coughs, to rid the tough phlegm; as also! the inward ulcers, and the excoriation of to void cold rheums from the lungs of old \ the entrails, bladder, See. but all other sorts folks, and for those that are asthmatic or^of foul, moist and running ulcers, and soon short-winded. solders together the tops of green wounds. ~ * t It cures all ruptures in children. The de- HORSETAIL. I . K . • u • j *i \ coction thereof m wine being drank, pro* ' Of that there are many kinds, but I shall jvokes urine, and helps the stone and stran- not trouble you nor myself with any large Jguary; and the distilled water thereof drank description of them, which to do, were * two or three times in a day, and a small but, as the proverb is. To find a knot in a j quantity at a time, also eases the bowels, rush, all the kinds thereof being nothing \ and is effectual against a cough that comes else but knotted rushes, some with leaves, ; by distillations from the head. The juice and some without. Take the description of; or distilled water being warmed, and hot the most eminent sort as follows. ; inflammations, pustules or red wheals, and Descript.] The great -Horsetail at the * other breakings-out in the skin, being first springing has heads somewhat like j bathed therewith, doth help them, and doth thoseofasparagus,and afterwards growtobe; no less the swelling heat and inflammation hard, rough, hollow stalks, jointed at sundry i 0 f the lower parts in men and women. places up to the top, a foot high, so made > house leek or sengeeen. ! as if the lower parts were put into the? upper, where grow on each side a bush of j Both these are so well known to my small long rush-like hard leaves, each part 1 countrymen, that I shall not need to write resembling a horsetail, from whence it is so; any description of them, called. At the tops of the stalks- come Place.] It grows commonly upon walls forth small catkins, like those of trees. The; and house-sides, and floweis in Jul\. root creeps under ground, having joints at \ Government and virtues.] It is an herb sundry places. " * \ of Jupiter, and it is reported by Mczaldus, Place ] This (as most of the other sorts: to preserve what it grows upon from fire hereof) grows in wet grounds. lland lightning. Oui ordinal^ Houseleek is 98 THE COMPLETE HERBAL good for all inward heats as well as out- ? ward, and in the eyes or other parts of the | body; a posset made with the juice of? Houseleek, is singularly good in all hot ■ agues, for it cools and tempers the blood and spirits, and quenches the thirst; and also good to stay all hot deductions or sharp and salt rheums in the eyes, the juice being? dropped into them, or into the ears.! It helps also other duxes of humours in the; bowels, and the immoderate courses ofi women. It cools and restrains all other hot ; indammations, St. Anthony's fire, scald- > ings and burnings, the shingles, fretting; ulcers, cankers, tettors, ringworms, and the j like ; and much eases the pains of the gout j proceeding from any hot cause. The juice j also takes away worts and corns in the j hands or feet, being often bathed therewith,; and the skin and leaves being laid on them j afterwards. It eases also the head-ache, | and distempered heat of the brain in frenzies, or through want of sleep, being applied to the temples and forehead. The leaves bruised and laid upon the crown or seam of the head, stays bleeding at the nose j very quickly. The distilled water of the; herb is profitable for all the purposes afore-j said. The leaves being gently rubbed on; any place stung with nettles or bees, doth \ quickly take away the pain. \ — - , , \ { HOUND S TONGUE. J? \ Descript .] The great ordinary Hound's? ■ Tongue has many long and somewhat j narrow, soft, hairy, darkish green leaves,? lying on the ground, somewhat like unto] Bugloss leaves, from among which rises ; up a rough hairy stalk about two feet high, \ with some smaller leaves thereon, and j branched at the tops into divers parts, with * a small leaf at the foot of every branch, ? which is somewhat long, with many flowers ? set along the same, which branch is crooked ? or turned inwards before it flowers, and ? ©pens by degrees as the flowers blow,? which consist of small purplish red leaves of a dead colour, rising out of the husks wherein they stand with some threads in the middle. It has sometimes a white flower. After the flowers are past, there comes rough flat seed, with a small pointle in the middle, easily cleaving to any gar¬ ment that it touches, and not so easily pulled off again. The root is black, thick, and long, hard to break, and full of clammy juice, smelling somewhat strong, of an evil scent, as the leaves also do. Place.'] It grows in moist places of this land, in waste grounds, and untilled places, by highway sides, lanes, and hedge-sides. Time.] It flowers about May or June, and the seed is ripe shortly after. Government and virtues.] It is a plant under the dominion of Mercury. The root is very effectually used in pills, as well as the decoction, or otherwise, to stay all sharp and thin defluxions of rheum from the head into the eyes or nose, or upon the stomach or lungs, as also for coughs and shortness of breath. The leaves boiled in wine (saith Dioscorides* but others do rather appoint it to be made with ’water, and add thereto oil and salt) molifies or opens the belly downwards. It also helps to cure the biting of a mad dog, some of the leaves being also applied to the wound ; The leaves bruised, or the juice of them boiled in hog's lard, and applied, helps falling away of the hair, which comes of hot and sharp humours ; as also for any place that is scalded or burnt; the leaves bruised and laid to any green wound doth heal it up quickly: the root baked under the embers, wrapped in paste or wet paper, or in a wet double cloth, and thereof a suppository made, and put up into or applied to the fundament, doth very effectually help the painful piles or haemorrhoids. The distilled water of the herbs and roots is very good to all the pur¬ poses aforesaid, to be used as well inwardly to drink, as outwardly to wash any sore AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 09 place, for it heals all manner of wounds and ? punctures, and those foul ulcers that arise j by the French pox. Mizaldus adds that* the leaves laid under the feet, will keep the * dogs from barking at you. It is called * Hound’s-tongue, because it ties the tongues \ of hounds; whether true, or not, I never \ tried, yet I cured the biting of a mad dog | with this only medicine. : * HOLLY, HOLM, OR IIULVER BUSH. ? -For to describe a tree so well known is j needless. ? Government and virtues.'] The tree is» Saturnine. The berries expel wind, and* therefore are held to be profitable in the \ cholic. The berries have a strong faculty J with them ; for if you eat a dozen of them j in the morning fasting when they are ripe j and not dried, they purge the body of gross \ and clammy phlegm: but if you dry the? berries, and beat them into powder, they \ bind the body, and stop fluxes, bloody- j fluxes, and the terms in women. The bark \ of the tree, and also the leaves, are excel- j lently good, being used in fomentations for! broken bones, and such members as are out j of joint. Pliny saith, the branches of the! tree defend houses from lightning, and men \ from witchcraft. j st. John’s wort. j This is a very beautiful shrub, and is$ a great ornament to our meadows. j Descript.] Common St. John’s AVortj shoots forth brownish, upright, hard, round 1 stalks, two feet high, spreading many : branches from the sides up to the tops of: them, with two small leaves set one against: another at every place, which are of a deep : green colour, somewhat like the leaves of \ the lesser Centaury, but narrow, and full of j small holes in every leaf, which cannot be* so well perceived, as when they are held up \ to the light; at the tops of the stalks and ! branches stand yellow flowers of five leaves \ ( 9 , 10 .) a-piece, with many yellow threads in die middle, which being bruised do yield a red¬ dish juice like blood ; after which come small round heads, wherein is contained small blackish seed smelling like rosin. The root is hard and woody, with divers strings and fibres at it, of a brownish colour, which abides in the ground many years, shooting anew every Spring. Place.] This grows in woods and copses, as well those that are shady, as open to the sun. Time.] They flower about Midsummer and July, and their seed is ripe in the latter end of July or August. Government and viiiues.] It is under the celestial sign Leo, and the dominion of the Sun. It may be, if } r ou meet a Papist, he will tell you, especially if he be a lawyer, that St. John made it over to him by a letter of attorney. It is a singular wound herb; boiled in wine and drank, it heals inward hurts or bruises ; made into an oint¬ ment, it open obstructions, dissolves swell¬ ings, and closes up the lips of wounds. The decoction of the herb and flowers, especi¬ ally of the seed, being drank in wine, with the juice of knot-grass, helps all manner of vomiting and spitting of blood, is good for those that are bitten or stung by any veno¬ mous creature, and for those that cannot make water. Two drams of the seed of St. John’s AVort made into powder, and drank in a little broth, doth gently expel choler or congealed blood in the stomach. The decoction of the leaves and seeds drank somewhat warm before the fits of agues, whether they be tertains or quartans, alters the fits, and, by often using, doth take them quite away. The seed is much commended, being drank for forty days together, to help the sciatica, the falling¬ sickness, and the palsy. IVY. It is so D P well known to every child 100 THE COMPLETE HERBAL JUNIPER BUSH. almost, to grow in woods upon the trees, * and nose, and curing the ulcers and stench and upon the stone walls of churches, \ therein ; the same dropped into the ears, houses, &c. and sometimes to grow alone of i helps the old and running sores of them ; itself, though hut seldom. j those that are troubled with the spleen, u Time.'] It flowers not until July, and I shall find much ease by continual drinking the berries are not ripe till Christmas, when lout of a cup made of Ivy, so as the drink they have felt Winter frosts. jmay stand some small time therein before y Government and virtues.'] It is under the tit be drank. Cato saith, That wine put dominion of Saturn. A pugil of the flowers, \into such a cup, will soak through it, by which may be about a dram, (saith Diosco- \ reason of the antipathy that is between corides) drank twice a day in red wine, ? them. > helps the lask, and bloody flux. It is an j There seems to be a very great antipathy enemy to the nerves and sinews, being \ between wine and Ivy ; for if one hath got much taken inwardly, but very helpful \ a surfeit by drinking of wine, his speediest to them, being outwardly applied. Pliny J cure is to drink a draught of the same wine saith, the yellow berries are good against j wherein a handful of Ivy leaves, being first the jaundice ; and taken before one be set j bruised, have been boiled, to drink hard, preserves from drunkenness, i and helps those that spit blood; and that I the white berries being taken inwardly, on For to give a description of a bush so applied outwardly, kills the worms in the \ commonly known is needless, belly. The berries area singular remedy j Place.] They grow plentifully in divers to prevent the plague, as also to free them i woods in Kent, Warney common near from it that have got it, by drinking the I Brentwood in Essex, upon Finchley Com- berries thereof made into a powder, for two l mon without Highgate ; hard by the New- or three days together. They being taken \ found Wells.near Dulwich, upon a Common in wine, do certainly help to break the 1 between Mitcham and Croydon, in the stone, provoke urine, and women's courses.! Highgate near Amersham in Buckingham- The fresh leaves of Ivy, boiled in vinegar, j shire, and many other places, and applied warm to the sides of those that \ Time.] The berries are not ripe the first are troubled with the spleen, ache, or stitch! year, but continue green two Summers and in the sides, do give much ease: The same j one Winter before they are ripe ; at which applied with some Rosewater, and oil of j time they are all of a black colour, and Roses, to the temples and forehead, eases \ therefore you shall always find upon the the head-ache, though it be of Long con-i bush green berries; the berries are ripe tinuance. The fresh leaves boiled in wine, I about the fall of the leaf, and old filthy ulcers hard to be cured \ Government ancl virtues.] This admirable washed therewith, do wonderfully help to % solar shrub is scarce to be paralleled for its cleanse them. It also quickly heals green i virtues. The berries are hot in the third wounds, and is effectual to heal all burnings j degree, and dry but in the first, being a and scaldings, and all kinds of exulcera- \ most admirable counter-poison, and as great tions coming thereby, or by salt phlegm or \ a resister of the pestilence, as any growing ; humours in other parts ot the body. The j they are excellent good against the bitings juice of the berries or leaves snuffed up into ' of venomous beasts, they provoke urine the nose, purges the head and brain of thin \ exceedingly, and therefore are very avail- rheum that makes defluxions into the eyes j able to dysuries and stranguaries. It is sa AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 101 powerful a remedy against the dropsy, that; on, usually not round as those below, but the very lye made of the ashes of the herb 1 somewhat long, and divided at the edges : being drank, cures the disease. It provokes | the tops are somewhat divided into long the terms, helps the fits of the mother, j branches, bearing a number ot flowers, set strengthens the stomach exceedingly, and j round about a long spike one above another, expels the wind. Indeed there is scarce a: which are hollow and like a little bell of a better remedy for wind in any part of the ; whitish green colour, after which come body, or the cholic, than the chymical oil j small heads, containing very small brownish drawn from the berries; such country \ seed, which falling on the ground, will people as know not howto draw the chy-; plentifully spring up before Winter, if it mical oil, may content themselves by eating j have moisture. The root is round and most ten or a dozen of the ripe berries every I usually smooth, greyish without, and white morning fasting. They are admirably good! within, having small fibres at the head of for a cough, shortness of breath, and con-'! the root, and bottom ot the stalk, sumption, pains in the belly, ruptures,! Place.] It grows very plentifully in cramps, and convulsions. They give safe j many places of this, land, but especially in and speedy delivery to women with child, jail the west parts thereof, upon stone and they strengthen the brain exceedingly, help j mud walls, upon rocks also, and in stony the memory, and fortify the sight by j places upon the ground, at the bottom of strengthening the optic nerves; are excel-j old trees, and sometimes on the bodies of lentlv good m all sorts of agues ; help the; them that are decayed and rotten. ■ ' ’ ".' Time.'] It usually flowers in the begin- gout and sciatica, and strengthen the limbs f Time.] It usually flowers in the begtn- of the body. The ashes of the wood is aining of May, and the seed ripening quickly and kill worms in children. A lye made \ then the leaves spring up again, and so of the ashes of the wood, and the body i abide all winter.. bathed with it, cures the itch, scabs and- Government and xnrtaes.] Venus chal- leprosy. The berries break the stone, llenges the herb under Libra, i he juice procure appetite when it is lost, and are j or the distilled water being drank, is very excellently good for all palsies, and falling-1 effectual for all inflammations and unnatural sickness. theats, to cool a fainting hot stomach, a hot ! liver, or the bowels : tire herb, juice, or dis- kidneywort, or wall pen nyroyal, j tilled water thereof, outwardly applied, or wall pennywort.3 !heals pimples,St. Anthony’s fire,"and other f Descript.] It has many thick, flat, and l outward heats. Die said juice or water- round leaves growing from the root, every I helps to heal sore kidneys, torn or fretted one having a long footstalk, fastened un- j by the stone, or exuloerated within ; it also derneath, about the middle of it, and a * provokes urine, is available for the dropsy, ' * ‘ ' Being: used ointment, it hoidal little unevenly weaved sometimes about the $ and helps to break the stone. Being edges, of a pale green colour, and some- j as a bath, or made into an ointme what yellow on the upper side like a sau- * cools the painful piles or haemorrl: cer ; from among which arise one or more j veins. It is no less effectual to give ease tender, smooth, hollow stalks half a foot;to the pains of the gout, the sciatica, and high, with two or three small leaves there-[helps the kernels or knots in the neck or 102 THE COMPLETE HERBAL throat, called the king’s evil: healing kibes j of the herb and roots in wine, and applying and chilblains if they be bathed with the \ the same outwardly to the place. It is juice, or anointed with ointment made j singularly good in ail running sores, can- thereof, and some of the skin of the leaf j cerous and fistulous, drying up of che mods- upon them: it is also used in green wounds | ture, and healing them up so gently, with- tostay the blood, and to heal them quickly. \ out sharpness ; it doth the like to running KNAPWEED. P. \i, sores or scabs oi the head or other parts. It is of special use for the soreness of the throat, swelling of the uvula and jaws, and Descript.] The common sort hereof! excellently good to stay bleeding, and heal has many long and somewhat dark green ! up all green wounds, leaves, rising from the root, dented about \ Fwn( -„.. sc V 1 1 ^ 2 lv jN u 1 uhA -J- • / the edges, and sometimes a little rent or! torn on both sides in two or three places, j It is generally known so well that it and somewhat hairy withal; amongst j needs no description. which arises a long round stalk, four or five \ Place.] It grows in every county of feet high, divided into many branches, at!this land by the highway sides, and by the tops whereof stand great scaly green j foot-paths in fields; as also by the sides of heads, and from the middle of them thrust \ old walls. forth a number of dark purplish red thrumbs! Time.'] It springs up late in the Spring, or threads, which after they are withered! and abides until the Winter, when all the and past, there are found divers black \ branches perish. seeds, lying in a great deal of down, some-! Government and virtues.] Saturn seems what like unto Thistle seed, but smaller;! to me to own the herb, and yet some hold the root is white, hard and woody, and divers j the Sun; out of doubt ’tis Saturn. The, fibres annexed thereunto, which perishes! juice of the common kind of Knotgrass not, but abides with leaves thereon all the!is most effectual to stay bleeding of the Winter, shooting out fresh every spring. ! mouth, being drank in steeled or red wine ; Place.] It grows in most fields and mea-! and the bleeding at the nose, to be applied flows, and about their borders and hedges,! to the forehead or temples', or to be squirted and in many waste grounds also every \ up into the nostrils. It is no less effectual where. 1 to cool and temper the heat of the blood Time.] It usually flowers in June and \ and stomach, and to stay any flux of the July, and the seed is ripe shortly after. \ blood and humours, as lasks, bloody-flux, Government and virtues.] Saturn chal-women’s courses, and running of the reins, lenges the herb for his own. This Knap- \ It is singularly good to provoke urine, help weed helps to stay fluxes, both of blood at * the stranguary, and allays the heat that the mouth or nose, or other outward parts,! comes thereby ; and is powerful by urine and those veins that are inwardly broken, J to expel the gravel or stone in the kidneys or inward wounds, as also the fluxes of the \ and bladder, a dram of the powder of belly; it stays distillation of thin and sharp \ the herb being taken in wine for many humours from the head upon the stomach j days together. Being boiled in wine and and lungs; it is good for those that are $ drank, it is profitable to those that are stung bruised by tiny fall, blows or otherwise, and ior bitten by venemous creatures, and very is profitable for those that are bursten, and \ effectual to stay all defluxions of rheumatic have ruptures, by drinking the decoctionj humours upon the stomach, and kills worms AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 103 in the belly or stomach, quiets inward pains that arise from the heat, sharpness and cor¬ ruption of blood and choler. The distilled water hereof taken by itself or with the powder of the herb or seed, is very effectual to all the purposes aforesaid, and is ac¬ counted one of the most sovereign remedies to cool all manner of inflammations, break- in \ s r Descript. ] This is a kind of moss, that: grows on sundry sorts of trees, especially \ oaks and beeches, with broad, greyish, j tough leaves diversify folded, crumpled, and j gashed in on the edges, and some spotted ; also with man} 7 small spots on the upper- \ side. It was never seen to bear any stalk * or flower at any time. Government and virtues.'] Jupiter seems \ to own this herb. It is of great use to: physicians to help the diseases of the lungs, \ and for coughs, wheezings, and shortness of; breath, which it cures both in man and \ beast. It is very profitable to put into j lotions that are taken to stay the moist; humours that flow to ulcers, and hinder 5 their healing, as also to wash all other ulcers! in the privy parts of a man or woman. It! ing like a star about the stalks, round also and hairy, towards the tops whereof come forth many small pale yellow flowers, after which come small round heads, green at first, and reddish afterwards, but black when they are ripe, wherein is contained the seed. The root is not very great, but exceeding long, running down half a man’s length into the ground, red and very clear, while it is fresh, spreading divers ways. Place.] It is only manured in gardens, or larger fields, for the profit that is made thereof. Time.] It flowers towards the end of Summer, and the seed is ripe quickly after. Government and virtues.] It is an herb of Mars. It hath an opening quality, and afterwards to bind and strengthen. It is a sure remedy for the yellow jaundice, by opening the obstructions of the liver and gall, and cleansing those parts; it opens also the obstructions of the spleen, and diminishes the melancholy humour. It is available for the palsy and sciatica, and effectual for bruises inward and outward, and is therefore much used in vulnerary drinks. The root for all those aforesaid purposes, is to be boiled in wine or water, as the cause requires, and some honey and sugar put thereunto afterwards. The seed hereof taken in vinegar and honey, helps liie swelling and hardness of the spleen. The decoction of the leaves and branches is a good fomentation for women that have not their courses. The leaves and roots beaten and applied to any part that is dis- no THE COMPLETE HERBAL coloured with freckles, morphew, the white | with the cough, shortness of breath, the scurf or any such deformity of the skin, j yellow jaundice, diseases of the spleen, cleanses thoroughly, and takes them away.. stopping of urine, and helps exceedingly to t break the stone in the kidneys, (in all which maiden hair. / j diseases the Wall Rue is also very effectual.) r Descript.] Our common Maiden-Hair j It provokes women’s courses, and stays doth froni a number of hard black fibres, \ both bleedings and fluxes of the stomach send’ forth a great many blackish shining j and belly, especially when the herb is dry ; brittle stalks, hardly a span long, in many j for being green, it loosens the belly, and not half so long, on each side set very thick $ voids clioler and phlegm from the stomach with small, round, dark green leaves, and ; and liver; it cleanses the lungs, and by spitted on the back of them like a fern. ! rectifying the blood, causes a good colour Place.~\ It grows upon old stone walls in | to the whole body. The herb boiled in oil the West parts in Kent, and divers other \ of Camomile, dissolves knots, allays swell- places of this land ; it delights likewise to j ings, and dries up moist ulcers. The lye grow by springs, wells, and rocky moist \ made thereof is singularly good to cleanse the and shadv places, and is always green. j head from scurf, and from dry and running ; sores, stays the falling or shedding of the wall rue, °R,^ white maiden-hair, j and causes it to grow thick, Mr, and Descript.'] This has very fine, pale green j well coloured ; for which purpose .some stalks, almost as fine as hairs, set confusedly j boil it in wine, putting some Smallage seed with divers pale green leaves on every short | thereto, and afterwards some oil. The foot stalk, somewhat near unto the colour j Wall Rue is as effectual as Maiden-Hair, of garden Rue, and not much differing in ; in all diseases of the head, or falling and form but more diversly cut in on the edges,; recovering of the hair again, and generally and thicker, smooth on the upper part, j for all the aforementioned diseases : And and spotted finely underneath. \ besides, the powder of it taken in drink for Place.] It grows in many places of this i forty days together, helps the burstings in land, at Dartford, and the bridge at Ash- j children. ford in Kent at Beaconsfield in Backing-j N MAIDEN HAIR . 2 . /f . hamshire, at Wolly in Huntingtonshire, on ? Eramlingham Castle in Suffolk, on the J To the former give me leave to add this, church walls at Mayfield in Sussex, in 5 and I shall say no more but only describe Somersetshire, and divers other places of; it to you, and for the virtues refer you to this land ; and is green in Winter as well as j the former, since whatever is said of them, Summer. ; may be also said of this. Government and virtues.] Both this and \ Descript.] It has many small, brownish, the former are under the dominion of; red hairs, to make up the form of leaves Mercury, and so is that also which follows j growing about the ground from the root; after, and the virtue of both are so near j and in the middle of them, in Summer, rise alike, that though I have described them j small stalks of the same colour, set with very and their places of growing severally, yet; fine yellowish green hairs on them, and I shall in writing the virtues of them, join j bearing a small gold, yellow head, less them both together as follows. ! j than a wheat corn, standing in a great The decoction of the herb Maiden-Hair \ husk. The root is very small and thready, being drank, helps those that are troubled ! Place.] It grows in bogs and moorish AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. Ill places, and also on dry shady places, as Hampstead Healh, and elsewhere. MALLOWS AND MARSHMALLOWS. v i Common Mallows are generally so well known that they need no description. Our common Marshmallows have divers soft hairy white stalks, rising to be three or four feet high, spreading forth many branches, the leaves whereof are soft and hairy, somewhat less than the other Mallow leaves, but longer pointed, cut (for the most part) into some few divisions, but 'deep. The flowers are mativ, but smaller also than the other Mallows, and white, or tending to a bluish colour. After which come such long, round cases and seeds, as in the other Mallows. The roots are many and long, shooting from one head, of the bigness of a thumb or finger, very pliant, tough, and being^like liquorice, of a whitish yellow colour on the outside, and more whitish within, full of a slimy juice, which being laid in water, will thicken, as it it were a jelly. Place.] The common Mallows grow in every county of this land. The common Marsh-mallows in most of the salt marshes, from Woolwich down to the sea, both on the Kentish and Essex shores, and in divers other places of this land. Time.] They flower all the Summer months, even until the Winter do pull them down. Government and virtues.] Venus owns them both. The leaves of either of the sorts, both specified, and the roots also boiled in wine or water, or in broth with Parsley or Fennel roots, do help to open the body, and are very convenient in hot agues, or other distempers of the body, to apply the leaves so boiled warm to the belly. It not only voids hot, choleric, and other offensive humours, but eases the pains and torments of the belly coming thereby ; and are therefore used in all clysters conducing ( 11 , 12 .) to those purposes. The same used by nurses procures them store of milk. The decoction of the seed of any of the common Mallows made in milk or wine, doth mar¬ vellously help exconations, the phthisic, pleurisy, and other diseases of the chest and lungs, that proceed of hot causes, if it be continued taking for some time together. The leaves and roots work the same effects. They help much also in the excoriations of the bowels, and hardness of the mother, and in all hot and sharp diseases thereof. The juice drank in wine, or the decoction of them therein, do help women to a speedy and easy delivery. Pliny saith, that who¬ soever takes a spoonful of any of the Mal¬ lows, shall that day be free from all diseases that may come unto him ; and that it is especially good for the falling-sickness. The syrup also and conserve made of the flowers, are very effectual for the same diseases, and to open the body, being costive. The ; leaves bruised, and laid to the eyes with | a little honey, take away the imposthuma- i tions of them. The leaves bruised or rubbed | upon any place stung with bees, wasps, or : the like, presently take away the pain, [redness, and swelling that rise thereupon. iAnd Dioscorides saith, The decoction of j the roots and leaves helps all sorts of poison, | so as the poison be presently voided by [vomit. A poultice made of the leaves [ boiled and bruised, with some bean or bar- | ley flower, and oil of Roses added, is an ; especial remedy against all hard tumours ; and inflammations, or imposthumes, or i swellings of the privities, and other parts, i and eases the pains of them; as also against : the hardness of the liver or spleen, being applied to the places. The juice of Mal¬ lows boiled in old oil and applied, takes away all roughness of the skin, as also the scurf, dandriff, or dry scabs in the head, or other parts, if they be anointed therewith, or washed with the decoction, and preserves the hair from falling off'. It is also effec- G G 112 THE COMPLETE HERBAL tual against scaldings and burnings, St. j drink, to those that are wounded, and ready Anthony’s fire, and all other hot, red, and * to faint* through loss of blood, and applied painful swellings in any part of the body, j the same, mixed with honey and rosin, to The flowers boiled in oil or water (as every j the wounds. As also, the roots boiled in one is disposed) whereunto a little honey j wine to those that have received any hurt and allum is put, is an excellent gargle to \ by bruises, falls, or blows, or had any bone wash, cleanse or heal any sore mouth orjor member out of joint, or any swelling- throat in a short space. If the feet be \ pain, or ache in the muscles, sinews or bathed or washed with the decoction of the j arteries.. The muscilage of the roots, and of leaves, roots, and flowers, it helps much i Linseed and Fenugreek put together, is much the defluxions of rheum from the head; i used in poultices, ointments, and plaisters, if the head be washed therewith, it stays j to molify and digest all hard swellings, and the falling and shedding of the hair. The \ the inflammation of them, and to ease pains .green leaves (sailh Pliny) beaten with jin any part of the body. The seed either nitre, and applied, draw out thorns or I green or dry, mixed with vinegar, cleanses prickles in the flesh. 1 the skin of morphew, and all other dis- The Marshmallows are more effectual in \ colourings, being boiled therewith in the all the diseases before mentioned: The; Sun. leaves are likewise used to loosen the belly You may remember that not long since gently, and in decoctions or clysters to ease \ there was a raging disease called the bloody- all pains of the body, opening the strait I flux; the college of physicians not knowing passages, and making them slippery, where-! what to make of it, called it the inside by the stone may descend the more easily j plague, for their wits were at Ne plus ultra and without pain, out of the reins, kidneys, j about it: My son was taken with the same and bladder, and to ease the torturing pains ! disease, and the excoriation of his bowels thereof. But the roots are of more special! was exceeding great; myself being in the use for those purposes, as well for coughs, j country, was sent for up; the only thing hoarseness, shortness of breath and wheez- i I gave him, was Mallows bruised and ings, being boiled in wine, or honeyed; boiled both in milk and drink, in two days water, and drank. The roots and seeds j (the blessing of God being upon it) it cured hereol boiled in wine or water, are with! him. And I here, to shew my thankful- good success used by them that have ex-j ness to God, in communicating it to his corialions in the bowels, or the bloody flux, | creatures, leave it to posterity, by qualifying the violence of sharp fretting! humours, easing the pains, and healing the | maple tree. . i.ijc, soreness. It is profitably taken by them j Government and virtues .] It is under the that are troubled with ruptures, cramps, or \ dominion of Jupiter. The decoction either convulsions of the sinews ; and boiled in j of the leaves or bark, must needs strengthen white wine, for the imposthumes by the! the liver much, and so you shall find it to throat, commonly called the king’s evil, and \ do, if you use it. It is excellently good to of those kernels that rise behind the ears, f open obstructions both of the liver and and inflammations or swellings in women’s j spleen, and eases pains of the sides thence br easts. The dried roots boiled in milk \ proceeding, and drank, is especially good for the chin- \ cough. Hippocrates used to give the de-i wind marjoram. T. if, coction ol the roots, or the juice thereof, to* Called also Origanum, Eastward Mar- AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 113 joram; Wild Marjoram, and Grove Mar-; joram. \ Descript .] Wild or field Marjoram hath j a root which creeps much under ground, \ which continues a long time, sending upj sundry-brownish, hard, square stalks, with * small dark green leaves, very like those of j Sweet Marjoram, but harder, and some- \ what broader ; at the top of the stalks stand 1 tufts of flowers, of a deep purplish red \ colour. The seed is small and something! blacker than that of Sweet Marjoram. ! Place.] It grows plentifully in the bor-! ders of corn fields, and in some copses. Time.'] It flowers towards the latter end i of the Summer. j Government and virtues .] This is also \ under the dominion of Mercury. It \ strengthens the stomach and head much, \ there being scarce a better remedy growing \ for such as are troubled with a sour humour \ in the stomach ; it restores the appetite j being lost; helps the cough, and eonsump- \ tion of the lungs ; it cleanses the body of j choler, expels poison, and remedies the in- \ firmities of the spleen ; helps the bi tings of I venomous beasts, and helps such as havej poisoned themselves by eating Hemlock, j Henbane, or Opium. It provokes urine and | the terms in women, helps the dropsy, and ! the scurvy, scabs, itch, and yellow jaun- \ dice. The juice being dropped into the! ears, helps deafness, pain and noise in the! ears. And thus much for this herb, be-! tween which and adders, there is a deadly ; antipathy. \ SWEET MARJORAM: J?. \ Sweet Marjoram is so well known,! being an inhabitant in every garden, that it j is needless to write any description thereof,j neither of the Winter Sweet Marjoram, or; Pot Marjoram. Place They grow commonly in gar- \ dens; some sorts grow wild in the bor- \ ders of corn fields and pastures, in sun-; dry places of this land ; but it is not my purpose to insist upon them. The garden kinds beino; most used and useful. Time.] They flower in the end of Summer. Government and virtues.] It is an herb of Mercury, and under Aries, and therefore is an excellent remedy for the brain and other parts of the body and mind, under the do¬ minion of the same planet. Our common Sweet Marjoram is warming and comfor¬ table in cold diseases of the head, stomach, sinews, and other parts, taken inwardly, or outwardly applied. The decoction thereof being drank, helps all diseases of the chest which hinder the freeness of breathing, and is also profitable for the obstructions of the liver and spleen. It helps the cold griefs of the womb, and the windiness thereof, and the loss of speech, by resolution of the tongue. The decoction thereof made with some Pellitoryof Spain, and long Pepper, or with a little Acorns or Origanum, being drank, is good for those that cannot make water, and against pains and torments in the belly; it provokes women's courses, if it be used as a pessary. Being made into powder, and mixed with honey, it takes away the black marks of blows, and bruises, being thereunto applied ; it is good for the inflammations and watering of the eyes, being mixed with fine flour, and laid unto them. The juice dropped into the ears, eases the pains and singing noise in them. It is profitably put into those ointments and salves that are warm, and comfort the outward parts, as the joints and sinews ; for swellings also, and places out of joint. The powder thereof snuffed up into the nose provokes sneezing, and thereby purges the brain ; and chewed in the mouth, draws forth much phlegm. The oil made thereof, is very warm and comfortable to the joints that are stiff, and the sinews that are hard, to rnolify and supple them. Marjoram is much used in all odoriferous water, pow¬ ders, &c. that are for ornament or delig ht. 114 THE COMPLETE HERBAL ithan down deep in the ground, shooting marigolds. 3..//, j forth sundry heads, which taste sharp. These being so plentiful in every gar- f biting on the tongue, and is the hottest and den, and so well known that they need no | sharpest part ot the plant, and the seed description. i next unto it being somewhat blackish on Time.'] They flower all the Summer j the outside, and smelling well, long, and sometimes in Winter, if it be* Place.] It is usually kept in gardens with mild. 1 us in England. Government and virtues.] It is an herb \ Time.] It flowers and seeds about the of the Sun, and under Leo. They strengthen \ end of August. the heart exceedingly, and are very ex- j Government and virtues.] It is an herb of pulsive, and a little less effectual in the small-1 Mars. The root of Masterwort is hotter pox and measles than saffron. The juice; than pepper, and very available in cold of Marigold leaves mixed with vinegar, and | griefs and diseases both of the stomach and any hot swelling bathed with it, instantly j body, dissolving very powerfully upwards gives ease, and assuages it. „ The flowers, $ and downwards. It is also used in a de- either green or dried, are much used injcoction with wine against all cold rheums, possets, broths, and drink, as a comforter * distillations upon the lungs, or shortness of of the heart and spirits, and to expel any j breath, to be taken morning and evening, malignant or pestilential quality which \ It also provokes urine, and helps to break might annoy them. A plaister made with Ithe stone, and expel the gravel from the the dry flowers in powder, hog’s-grease, \ kidneys; provokes women’s courses, and turpentine, and rosin, applied to the breast, \ expels the dead birth. It is singularly good strengthens and succours the heart infi-i for strangling of the mother, and other such nitely in fevers, whether pestilential or not. f i like feminine diseases. It is effectual also ■ against the dropsy, cramps, and falling MASTERWORT. 3? . | b Descript.] Common Masterwort divided ■ sickness divers stalks of winged leaves for the decoction in wine being has | gargled in the mouth, draws down much ! It is of a rare quality against all sorts of cold poi¬ son, to be taken as there is cause; it pro- into j water and phlegm, from the brain, purging sundry parts, three for the most part stand-1 and easing it of what oppresses it. ing together at a small foot-stalk on both j sides of the greater, and three likewise at ! the end of the stalk, somewhat broad, and j vokes sweat. But lest the taste hereof^ or cut in on the edges into three or more \ of the seed (which works to the like effect, divisions, all of them denied about the $ though not so powerfully) should be too brims, of a dark green colour, somewhat \ offensive, the best way is to take the water resembling the leaves of Angelica, but that I distilled both from the herb and root. The these grow lower to the ground, and on ; juice hereof dropped, or tents dipped there- lesser stalks; among which rise up two or jin, and applied either to green wounds or three short stalks about two feet high, and \ filthy rotten ulcers, and those that come by slender, with such like leaves at the joints \ envenomed weapons, doth soon cleanse which grow below, but with lesser and fewer \ and heal them. The same is also very good divisions, bearing umbels of white flowers, j to help the gout coming of a cold cause, and after them thin, flat blackish seeds,; bigger than Dill seeds. The root is some-1 sweet maudlin. what greater and growing rather side-ways! Descript.] Common Maudlin hath some- AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 115 what.long and narrow leaves, snipped about j women's minds should run a gadding the edges. The stalks are two feet high, \ Also a plaister made of the fruit dried be- bearing at the tops many yellow flowers setilfore they are rotten, and other convenient round together and all of an equal height, j things, and applied to the reins of the back, in umbels or tufts like unto tansy; after j stops miscarriage in women with child, which follow small whitish seed, almost as j They are powerful to stay any fluxes of big as wormseed. \ blood or humours in men or women; the Place and Time.] It grows in gardens, Heaves also have this quality. The decoc- and flowers in June and July. \ tion of them is good to gargle and wash the Government and virtues .] The Virtues \ mouth, throat and teeth, when there is any hereof being the same with Costmary or« defluxions of blood to stay it, or of humours, Alecost, I shall not make any repetition * which causes the pains and swellings. It thereof, lest my book grow too big; but Vis a good bath for women, that have their rather refer you to Costmary for satis-I courses flow too abundant: or for the piles faction. > when they bleed too much. If a poultice i or plaister be made with dried medlars, THE MEDIAE. I. //. >, 1 , . j *.i .1 • • c j ' ‘beaten and mixed with the juice of red Descript.'] The Tree grows near the $ roses, whereunto a few cloves and nutmegs bigness of the Quince Tree, spreading \ may bemadded, and a little red coral also, branches reasonably large, with longer and \ and applied to the stomach that is given to narrower leaves than either the apple or; casting or loathing of meat, it effectually quince, and not dented about the edges, j helps. The dried leaves in powder strewed At the end of the sprigs stand the flowers, j on fresh bleeding wounds restrains the made of five white, great, broad-pointed \ blood, and heals up the wound quickly, leaves, nicked in the middle with some?The medlar-stones made into powder, and white threads also ; after which comes the ? drank in wine, wherein some Parsley-roots fruit, of a brownish green colour, being ripe, bearing a crown as it were on the top, which were the five green leaves; and being rubbed off, or fallen away, the head of the fruit is seen to be somewhat hollow. The fruit is very harsh before it is mellowed, and has usually five hard kernels within it. There is another'kind hereof nothing dif- butthat it hath some it in several places, which the other hath not; and usually the fruit is small, and not so pleasant. Time and Place.] They grow in this land, and flower in May for the most part, and bear fruit in September and October. Government and virtues.] The fruit is old Saturn’s, and sure a better medicine he hardly hath to strengthen the retentive faculty ; therefore it stays women’s long- The good old man cannot endure fering from the former thorns on mgs (11, 12.) have lain infused all night, or a little boiled, do break the stone in the kidneys, helping to expel it. •* . - *r--Ti MELLILOT, OR KING’S CLAVER. ZE'/f-' 7 - / ?- Descript.] This hath many green stalks, two or three feet high, rising from a tough, long, while root, which dies not every year, set round about at the joints with small and somewhat long, well-smelling leaves, set three together, unevently dented about the edges. The flowers are yellow, and well-smelling also, made like other trefoil, but small, standing in long spikes one above another, for an hand breath long or better, which afterwards turn into long crooked pods, wherein is contained flat seed, somewhat brown. Place.] It grows plentifully in many places of this land, as in the edge of Suffolk, H II * 116 THE COMPLETE HERBAL green a short foot stalk, which growing ripe, are seeds, The female stalk is longer, spike-fashion, set round about with small green husks, which are the flowers, and in Essex, as also in Huntingdonshire, 1 male Mercury two small, round and in other places, but most usually in j heads, standing together upon corn fields, in corners of meadows. j foot si Time.] It flowers in June and July, and j not having flowers, is ripe quickly after. Government and virtues .] Melilot, boiled _ in wine, and applied, mollifies all hard j made small like bunches of grapes, which tumours and inflammations that happen in j give no seed, but abiding long upon the the eyes, or other parts of the body, and j stalks without shedding. The root is com- sometimes the yolk of a roasted egg, or fine; posed of many small fibres, which perishes flour, or poppy seed, or endive, is added!every year at the first approach of Winter, unto it. It helps the spreading ulcers in I and rises again of its own sowing; and if the head, it being washed with a lye made \ once it is suffered to sow itself, the ground thereof. It helps the pains of the stomach,; will never want afterwards, even both sorts being applied fresh ; or boiled with any of 5 of it. the aforenamed things; also, the pains of; ' D0(J MERCimy . -p ., { the ears, being dropped into them ; and j steeped in vinegar, or rose water, it miti- J Having described unto you that which gates the head-ache. The flowers of Melli- j is called French Mercury, I come now to lot or Camomile are much used to be put \ shew you a description of this kind also, together in clysters to expel wind, and ease \ Descript .] This is likewise of two kinds, pains; and also in poultices for the same j maleand Female, having many stalks slender purpose, and to assuage O swelling tumours \ and lower than Mercury, without any in the spleen or other parts, and helps in-1 branches at all upon them, the root is set flammations in any part of the body. The \ with two leaves at every joint, somewhat juice dropped into the eyes, is a singularly j greater than the female, but more pointed ‘good medicine to take away the film or j and full of veins, and somewhat harder in skin that clouds or dimns the eye-sight. \ handling: of a dark green colour, and less The head often washed with the distilled | dented or snipped about the edges. At water of the herb and flower, or a lye made; the joints with the leaves come forth longer therewith, is effectual for those that sud-! stalks than the former, with two hairy denly lose their senses; as also to strengthen ; round seeds upon them, twice as big as the memory, to comfort the head and brain, | those of the former Mercury. The taste and to preserve them from pain, and the j hereof is herby, and the smell somewhat apoplexy. ; strong and virulent. The female has much ' harder leaves standing upon longer foot- frencii and dog mercurx. i. 16. $ stalks, and the stalks are also longer ; from Descript.] This rises up with a square jthe ioints come forth spikes of flowers like green stalk full of joints, two feet high, or \ the French Female Mercury. The roots of thereabouts, with two leaves at every joint, \ them both are many, and full of small and the branches likewise from both sides of; fibres which run under ground, and mat the stalk, set with fresh green leaves, some- 1 themselves very much, not perishing as the what broad and long, about the bigness of \ former Mercuries do, but abide the Win- the leaves of Bazil, finely dented about the | ter, and shoot forth new branches every edges; towards the tops of the stalk and j year, for the old lie down to the ground, branches, come forth at every joint in the; Place.'] The male and female French AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 117 Mercury are found wild in divers places of \ or the juice rubbed upon warts, takes them this land, as by a village called Brookland j away. The juice mingled with some vine- in Rumney Marsh in Kent. }gar, helps all running scabs, tetters, ring- The Dog Mercury in sundry places of} worms, and the itch. Galen saith, that Kent also, and elsewhere; but the female} being applied in manner of a poultice to more seldom than the male. } any swelling or inflammation, it digests the Time.'] They flower in the Summer \ swelling, and allays the inflammation, and months, and therein give their seed. }is therefore given in clysters to evacuate Government and virtues.] Mercury, they } from the belly offensive humours. The Dog say, owns the herb, but I rather think it is} Mercury, although it be less used, yet may Venus’s, and I am partly confident of it} serve in the same manner, to the same pur- too, for I never heard that Mercury ever: pose, to purge waterish and melancholy minded women’s business so much: I} humours, believe he minds his study more. The de-| coction of the leaves of Mercury, or the j mint. juice thereof iii broth, or drank with a little j sugar put to it, purges choleric and waterish | Of all the kinds of Mint, the Spear humours. Hippocrates commended it} Mint, or Heart Mint, being most usual, wonderfully for women’s diseases, and ap-11 shall only describe as follows: plied to the secret parts, to ease the pains of} Descript.] Spear Mint has divers round the mother ; and used the decoction of it, 5 stalks, and long but narrowish leaves set both to procure women’s courses, and to| thereon, of a dark green colour. The expel the after-birth; and gave the de-j flowers stand in spiked heads at the tops coction thereof with myrrh or pepper, or > of the branches, being of a pale blue used to apply the leaves outwardly against 1 colour. The smell or scent thereof is some- the stranguary and diseases of the reins and ! what near unto Bazil; it encreases by the bladder. He used it also for sore and 1 root under ground as all the others do. watering eyes, and for the deafness and } Place.] It is an usual inhabitant in gar- pains in the ears, by dropping the juice j dens; and because it seldom gives any thereof into them, and bathing them after- \ good seed, the seed is recompensed by wards in white wine. The decoction there-} the plentiful increase of the root, which of made with water and a cock chicken, is j being once planted in a garden, will hardly a most safe medicine against the hot fits of} be rid out again, agues. It also cleanses the breast and lungs } Time.] It flowers not until the beginning of phlegm, but a little offends the stomach, j of August, for the most part. The juice or distilled water snuffed up into; Government and virtues.] It is an herb the nostrils, purges the head and eyes of: of Venus. Dioscorides saith it hath a catarrhs and rheums. Some use to drink l healing, binding and drying quality, and two or three ounces of the distilled water,} therefore the juice taken in vinegar, stays with a little sugar put to it, in the morning} bleeding : It stirs up venery, or bodily lust; fasting, to open and purge the body of } two or three branches thereof taken in the gross, viscous, and melancholy humours.} juice of four pomegranates, stays the hic- Matthiolus saith, that both the seed of the} cough, vomiting, and allays the choler. It male and female Mercury boiled with} dissolves iinposthumes being laid to with Wormwood and drank, cures the yellow} barley-meal. It is good to repress the jaundice in a speedy manner. The leaves > milk in women’s breasts, and for such as 118 THE COMPLETE HERBAL „ . ' ? -- * have swollen, or S rea f. breasts. {turn to its place, the decoction being gar- Applied with salt, it helps the biting Ct H and held in the mouth, mad dog; with mead and honeyed water, j The virtues P.f ^be Wild or Horse Mint, it eases the pains of the ears, and takes 1 such as grow in ditches (lyhose description away the roughness of the tongue, being \ I purposely omitted, in regard they are rubbed thereupon. ,It suffers not milk to > well known) are serviceable to dissolve wind curdle in the stomach, if the leaves thereof? in the stomach, to help the cholic, and those be steeped or boiled in it before you drink! that are short-winded, and are an especial it. Briefly it is very profitable to the \ remedy for those that have veneral dreams Stomach. The often use hereof is a very j and pollutions in the night, being outwardly powerful medicine to stay women’s courses | applied. The juice dropped into the ears and the whites. Applied to the forehead i eases the pains of them, and destroys the and temples, it eases the pains in the head,! worms that breed therein. They are good and is good to wash the heads of young j against the venemous biting of serpents, children therewith, against all manner of j The juice laid on warm, helps the king’s breakings-out, sores or scabs, therein. It j evil, or kernels in the throat. The decoction is also profitable against the poison of ve- \ or distilled water helps a stinking breath, nomous creatures. The distilled water of | proceeding from corruption of the teeth. Mint is available to all the purposes afore- j and snuffed up the nose, purges the head, said, yet more weakly. But if a spirit j Pliny saith, that eating of the leaves hath thereof be rightly and chymically drawn, j been found by experience to cure the it is much more powerful than the herb j leprosy, applying some of them to the face, itself. Simeon Sethi saith, it helps a cold \ and to help the scurf or dandriff of the liver, strengthens the belly, causes digestion, ? head used with vinegar. They are extremely stays vomits and hiccough.; it is good ? bad for wounded people ; and they say a against the gnawing of the heart, provokes \ wounded man that eats Mint, his wound appetite, takes away obstructions of the? will never be cured, and that is a long day. liver, and stirs up bodily lust; but therefore? too much must not be taken, because it? misselto. p,/-. makes the blood thin and wheyish, and j turns it into choler, and therefore choleric ? Descript. This rises up from the branch persons must abstain from it. It is a safe lor arm of the tree whereon it grows, with medicine for the biting of a mad dog, being ? a woody stem, putting itself into sundry bruised with salt and laid thereon. The j branches, and they again divided into many powder of it being dried and taken after!other smaller twigs, interlacing themselves meat, helps digestion, and those that are | one within another, very much covered splenetic. Taken with wine, it helps women \ with a greyish green bark, having two leaves in their sore travail in child-bearing. It is | set at every joint, and at the end likewise, good against the gravel and stone in the? which are somewhat long and narrow, small kidneys, and the stranguary. Being 1 at the bottom, but broader towards the end. smelled unto, it is comfortable for the head 1 At the knots or joints of the boughs and and memory. The decoction hereof gar-? branches grow small yellow flowers, which gled in the mouth, cures the gums and ? run into small, round, white, transparent mouth that are sore, and mends an ill-; berries, three or four together, full of a savoured breath; as also the Rue and Cori- \ glutinous moisture, with a blackish seed in onder, causes the palate of the mouth to ? each of them, which was never yet known < r AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 119 s ** to spring, being put into the ground, or any j wine lees be added thereunto, it works the where else to grow. \ stronger. The Misselto itself of the oak Placed] It grows very rarely on oaks i (as the best) made into powder, and given with us ; but upon sundry other, as well j in drink to those that have the falling sick- timber as fruit trees, plentifully in woody | ness, does assuredly heal them, as Matthi- groves, and the like, through all this land, j ulus saith : but it is fit to use it for forty Time.] It flowers in the Spring-time, \ days together. Some have so highly es- but the berries are not ripe until October, $ teemed it for the virtues thereof, that they and abides on the branches all the Winter, * have called it Lignum Sanctue Cruris, Wood unless the blackbirds, and other birds, do ? of the Holy Cross, believing it helps the devour them. i falling sickness, apoplexy and palsy very Government and virtues .] This is under i speedily, not only to be inwardly taken, but the dominion of the Sun, I do not question; J to be hung at their neck. Tragus saith, and can also take for granted, that which ; that the fresh wood of any Misselto bruised, grows upon oaks, participates something of land the juice drawn forth and dropped in the nature of Jupiter, because an oak is one | the ears that have imposthumes in them, of his trees; as also that which grows upon j doth help and ease them within a few days. pear trees, and apple trees, participates! M0NEYW0RT 0E HEEB twopence something or his nature, because he rules i /?. the tree it grows upon, having no root of j Descript .] The common Moneywort its own. But why that should have most £ sends forth from a small thready root divers virtues that grows upon oaks I know not, \ long, weak, and slender branches, lying and unless because it is rarest and hardest to | running upon the ground two or three feet come by ; and our college’s opinion is in j long or more, set with leaves two at a joint this contrary to scripture, which saith, God’s \ one against another at equal distances, tender merries are over all his works ; and so j which are almost round, but pointed at the it is, let the college of physicians walk as j ends, smooth, and of a good green colour, contrary to him as they please, and that is \ x4t the joints with the leaves from the middle as contrary asithe east to the west. Clusius j forward come forth at every point some- affirms that which grows upon pear trees to $ times one yellow flower, and sometimes be as prevalent, and gives order, that it \ two, standing each on a small foot-stalk, should not touch the ground after it is j and made of five leaves, narrow-pointed at gathered; and also saith, that, being hung;the end, with some yellow threads in the about the neck, it remedies witchcraft. I middle, which being past, there stand in Roth the leaves and berries of Misselto do j their places small round heads of seed, heat and dry, and are of subtle parts ; the; Place.] It grows plentifully in almost birdlime doth molify hard knots, tumours,jail places of this land, commonly in moist and imposthumes; ripens and discusses j grounds by hedge-sides, and in the middle them, and draws forth thick as well as thin ; of grassy fields. humours from the remote parts of the body, j Time.] They flower in June and July, digesting and separating them. And being \ and their seed is ripe quickly after, mixed with equal parts of rozin and wax, \ Government and virtues.] Venus owns it. doth molify the hardness of the spleen, and j Moneywort is singularly good to stay all helps old ulcers and sores. Reing mixed 1 fluxes in man or woman, whethei they be with Sandaric and Orpiment, it helps toj iasks, bloody-fluxes, bleeding inwardly or draw off foul nails ; and if quick-lime and {Outwardly, or tne weakness of the stomach k (11, 12.) n, 120 THE COMPLETE HERBAL that is given to casting. It is very good 5 and May; for in June, when any hot also for the ulcers or excoriations of the; weather comes, for the most part it is lungs, or other inward parts. It is exceed- $ withered and gone. ingly good for all wounds, either fresh or; Government and virtues.] The Moon owns green, to heal them speedily, and for all; the herb. Moonwort is cold and drying old ulcers that are <$f spreading natures. ! more than Adder’s Tongue, and is therefore For all which .purposes the juice of the; held, to be more available for all wounds herb, or the powder drank in water where- \ both inward and outward. The leaves in hot steel hath been often quenched ; or ! boiled in red wine, and drank, stay the the decoction of the green herb in wine or ^immoderate flux of women's courses, and water drank, or used to the outward place, j the whites. It also slays bleeding, vomit- to wash or bathe them, or to have tents jing, and other fluxes. It helps all blows dipped therein and put into them, are ef- \ and bruises, and to consolidate all frac- fectual. | tures and dislocations. It is good for rup- ^ i tures, but is chiefly used, by most with moonwort. - j other herbs, to make oils or balsams to heal Descript.'] It rises up usually but with j fresh or green wounds (as I said before) one dark green, thick and flat leaf, stand- $ either inward or outward, for which it is ing upon a short foot-stalk not above two \ excellently good. fingers breadth ; but when it flowers it may ! Moonwort is an herb which (they say) be said to bear a small slender stalk about!will open locks, and unshoe such horses as four or five inches high, having, but one \ tread upon it: This some laugh to scorn, leaf in the middle thereof, which is much j and those no small fools neither; but coun- divided on both sides into sometimes five! try people, that I know, call it Unshoe the or seven parts on a side, sometimes more ;! Horse. Besides I have heard commanders each of which parts is small like the middle! say, that on White Down in Devonshire, rib, but broad forwards, pointed and round,! near Tiverton, there were found thirty resembling therein a half-moon,from whence * horse shoes, pulled off from the feet of the it took the name ; the uppermost parts or \ Earl of Essex's horses, being there drawn divisions being bigger than the lowest, j up in a body, many of them being but The stalks rise above this leaf two or three!newly shod, and no reason known, which inches, bearing many branches of small j caused much admiration : the herb des- long tongues, etfery one like the spiky head j cribed usually grows upon heaths, of the adder's tongue, of a brownish colour, \ (which, whether I shall call them flowers, or; mosses. ij the seed, I well know not) which, after they \ I shall not trouble the reader with have continued awhile, resolve into a mealy |a description of these, since my intent is to dust. The root is small and fibrous. This \ speak only of two kinds, as the most prin- hath sometimes divers such like leaves as j cipal, viz. Ground Moss and Tree Moss, are before described, with so many branches! both which are very well known, or tops rising from one stalk, each divided \ Place.] The Ground Moss grows in our from the other. ! moist woods, and at the bottom of hills, in Place.] It grows on hills and heaths,! boggy grounds, and in shadowy ditches, yet where there is much grass, for therein \ and many other such like places. The Tree it delights to grow. Moss grows only on trees. Time.] It is to be found only in April! . Government and virtues.] All sorts of AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 121 Mosses are under the dominion of Saturn.; The Ground Moss is held to be singularly i good to break the stone, and to expel and i drive it forth by urine, being boiled in wine and drank. The herb being bruised and boiled in water, and applied, eases all in¬ flammations and pains coming from an hot cause; and is therefore used to ease the pains of the gout. The Tree Mosses are cooling and binding, and partake of a digesting and inolifying quality withal, as Galen saith. But each Moss partakes of the nature of the tree from whence it is taken ; therefore that of the oak is more binding, and is of good effect to stay fluxes in man or woman ; as also vomiting or bleeding, the powder thereof being taken in wine. The decoction there¬ of in wine is very good for women to be bathed in, that are troubled with the over¬ flowing of their courses. The same being drank, stays the stomach that is troubled with casting, or hiccough ; and, as Avicena saith, it comforts the heart. The powder thereof taken in drink for some time together, is thought available for the dropsy. The oil that tigs had fresh Moss steeped therein for a time, and afterwards boiled and applied to the temples and forehead, marvellously eases the head-ache com¬ ing of a hot cause; as also the distillations of hot rheums or humours in the eyes, or other parts. The ancients much used it in their ointments and other medicines against the lassitude, and to strengthen and com¬ fort the sinews: For which, if it was good then, I know no reason but it may be found so still. MOTHERWORT, ip. 15V r Descript.] This hath a hard, square, brownish, rough, strong stalk, rising three or four feet high at least, spreading into many branches, whereon grow leaves on each side, with long foot-stalks, two at every joint, which are somewhat broad and long, as if it were rough or crumpled, with many great veins therein of a sad green colour, and deeply dented about the edges,^ and almost divided. From the middle of the branches up to the tops of them (which are long and small) grow the flowers round them at distances, in sharp pointed, rough, hard husks, of a more red or purple colour than Balm or Horehound, but in the same manner or form as the Horehound, after which come small, round, blackish seeds in great plenty. The root sends forth a num¬ ber of long strings and small fibres, taking ; strong hold in the ground, of a dark yellow¬ ish or brownish colour, and abides as the Horehound does : the smell of the one not much differs from the other. Place .] It grows only in gardens with us in England. Government and virtues^ \ enus owns the herb, and it is under Leo. There is no better herb to take melancholy vapours from the heart, to strengthen it, and make a merry, chearful, blithe soul than this herb. It may be kept in a syrup or conserve; therefore the Latins called it Cardiaca. Besides, it makes women joyful mothers of children, and settles their wombs as they should be, therefore we call it Motherwort. It is held to be of much use for the trembling of the heart, and faintings and swoonings ; from whence it took the name Cardiaca. The powder thereof, to the quantity of a spoon¬ ful, drank in wine, is a wonderful help to women in their sore travail, as also for the suffocating or risings of the mother, and for these effects, it is likely it took the name of Motherwort with us. It also provokes urine and womens courses, cleanses the chest of cold' phlegm, oppressing it, kills worms in the belly. It is of good use to warm and dry up the cold humours, to digest and disperse them that are settled in the veins, joints, and sinews ol the body, and to help cramps and convulsions. 122 THE COMPLETE HERBAL _ stays the fluxes of blood, either at the mouth *' \ or nose, and inward bleeding also, for it is r Descript.'] Mouse-ear is a low herb, \ a singular wound herb for wounds both in- creeping upon the ground by small strings, 1 ward and outward: It helps the bloody like the Strawberry plant, whereby it shoots j flux, and helps the abundance of women’s forth small roots, whereat grow, upon the \ courses. There is a syrup made of the ground, many small and somewhat short • juice hereof and sugar, by the apothecaries leaves, set in a round form together, and \ of Italy, and other places, which is of much very hairy, which, being broken, do give a \ account with them, to be given to those whitish milk: From among these leaves I that are troubled with the cough or phthisic, spring up two or three small hoary stalks j The same also is singularly good for rup- about a span high, with a few smaller leaves j tures or burstings. The green herb bruised thereon ; at the tops whereof stands usually j and presently bound to any cut or wound, but one flower, consisting of many pale yel- j doth quickly solder the lips thereof. And low leaves, broad at the point, and a little j the juice, decoction, or powder of the dried dented in, set in three or four rows (the j herb is most singular to stay the malignity greater uppermost) very like a Dandelion j of spreading and fretting cankers and ulcers flower, and a little reddish underneath about j whatsoever, yea in the mouth and secret the edges, especially if it grow in a dry j parts. The distilled water of the plant is ground ; which after they have stood long \ available in all the diseases aforesaid, and in flower do turn into down, which with the \ to wash outward wounds and sores, by seed is carried away with the wind. \ applying tents of cloths wet therein. Place.] It grows on ditch banks, and \ sometimes in Pitches, if they be dry, and in I mug wort. P #6 . sandy grounds. \ Descript.] Common Mugwort hath Time.] It flowers about June or July,! divers leaves lying upon the ground, very and abides green all the Winter. \ much divided, or cut deeply in about the Government and virtues.] The Moon owns | brims, somewhat like Wormwood, but much this herb also; and though authors cry out \ larger, of a dark green colour on the upper upon Alchymists, for attempting to fix 5 side, and very hoary white underneath, quicksilver by this herb and Moonwort, a J The stalks rise to be four or five feel high, Roman would not have judged a thing by \ having on it such like leaves as those below, the success; if it be to be fixed at all, it is j but somewhat smaller, branching forth by lunar influence. The juice thereof \ very much towards the top, whereon are taken in wine, or the decoction thereof 1 set very small, pale, yellowish flowers like drank, doth help the jaundice, although of j buttons, which fall away, and after them long continuance, to drink thereof morn- \ come small seeds inclosed in round heads, ing and evening, and abstain from other 1 The root is long and hard, with many small drink two or three hours after. It is a: fibres growing from it, whereby it takes special remedy against the stone, and the j strong hold on the ground ; but both stalks tormenting pains thereof: as also other tor- j and leaves do lie down every year, and the tures and griping pains of the bowels. The \ root shoots anew in the Spring. The whole decoction thereof with Succory and Cen-* plant is of a reasonable scent, and is more taury is held very effectual to help the \ easily propagated by the slips than the dropsy, and them that are inclining there- \ seed. unto, and the diseases of the spleen. It \ Place.] It grows plentifully in many AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 123 places of this land, by the water-sides; as 1 the body, and the unripe binding it, es- also by small water courses, and in divers j pecially when they are dried, and then they other places. \ are good to stay fluxes, lasks, and the abun- Ti?ne.] It flowers and seeds in the end ; dance of women’s courses. The bark of of Summer. ; the root kills the broad worms in the body. Government and virtues .] This is an herb ; The juice, or the syrup made of the juice of of Venus, therefore maintains the parts of* the berries, helps all inflammations or sores the body she rules, remedies the diseases of | in the mouth, or throat, and palate of the parts that are under her signs, Taurus ; the mouth when it is fallen down. The and Libra. Mugwort is with good success: juice of the leaves is a remedy against the put among other herbs that are boiled for \ biting of serpents, and for those that have women to apply the hot decoction to draw \ taken aconite. The leaves beaten with down their courses, to help the delivery of; vinegar, are good to lay on any place that the birth, and expef the after-birth. As;is burnt with fire. A decoction made of also for the obstructions and inflammations; the bark and leaves is good to wash the of the mother. It breaks the stone, and ; mouth and teeth when they ache. If the opens the urinary passages where they 1 root be a little slit or cut, and a small hole are stopped. The juice thereof made up j made in the ground next thereunto, in the with Myrrh, and put under as a pessary,; Harvest-time, it will give out a certain works the same effects, and so docs the j juice, which being hardened the next day, root also. Being made up with hog’s ; is of good use to help the tooth-ache, to grease into an ointment, it takes away wens \ dissolve knots, and purge the belly. The and hard knots and kernels that grow about j leaves of Mulberries are said to slay bleed- the neck and throat, and eases the pains ? ing at the mouth or nose, or the bleeding of about the neck more effectually, if some? the piles, or of a wound, being bound unto Field Daisies be put with it. The herb itself; the places. A branch of the tree taken being fresh, or the juice thereof taken, is a; when the moon is at the full, and bound to special remedy upon the overmuch taking; the wrists of a woman’s arm, whose courses of opium. Three drams of the powder of; come down too much, doth stay them in a the dried leaves taken in wine, is a speedy ; short space, and the best certain 'help for the sciatica, j A decoction thereof made tvith Camomile ? MULLEIN, jp. if, and Agrimony, and the place bathed there-? 'Descript.'] Common White Mullein has witli while it is warm, takes away the pains ? many fair, large, woolly white leaves, lying of the sinews, and the cramp. ; next the ground, somewhat larger than „ || broad, pointed at the end, and as it were THE MULBERRY-TREE. J - IS. | deoted t) , e e(iges . The Stalk rises This is so well known where it grows, \ up to be four or five feet high, covered over that it needs no description. iwith such like leaves, but less, so that no Time.'] It bears fruit in the months of; stalk can be seen for the multitude of leaves July and August. ; thereon up to the flowers,'which come forth Government and virtues.'] Mercury rules ; on all sidesof the stalk,withoutany branches the tree, therefore are its effects variable ; for the most part, and are many set together as his are. The Mulberry is of different ? in a long spike, in some of a yellow colour, parts; the ripe berries, by reason pf their; in others more pale, consisting of five round sweetness and slippery moisture, opening'pointed leaves, which afterwards have small (13, 14.) K K % 124 THE COMPLETE HERBAL round heads, wherein is small brownish \ and heal them also. The leaves bruised seed contained. The root is long, white, j and wrapped in double papers, and covered and woody, perishing after it hath borne i with hot ashes and embers to bake a while, seed. \ and then taken forth and laid warm on an y Place.] It grows by way-sides and lanes, | blotch or boil happening in the groin or in many places-of this land. \ share, doth dissolve and heal them. The Time.] It flowers in July or thereabouts. * seed bruised and boiled in wine, and laid Government and virtues.] It is under the \ on any member that has been out of joint, dominion of Saturn. A small quantity of land newly set again, takes away all swel- the root given in wine, is commended by 1 ling and pain thereof. Dioscorides, against lasks and fluxes of the belly. The decoction hereof drank, is pro-1 mustard. fitable for those that are bursten, and fori Descript.] Our common Mustard hath cramps and convulsions, and for those that i large and broad rough leaves, very much are troubled with an old cough. The de-! jagged with uneven and unorderly gashes, coction thereof gargled, eases the pains of i somewhat like turnip leaves, but less and the tooth-ache. And the oil made by the \ rougher. The stalk rises to be more than often infusion of the flowers, is of very good ja foot high, and sometimes two feet high, effect for the piles. The decoction of the \ being round, rough, and branched at the root in red wine or in water, (if there be \ top, bearing such like leaves thereon as an ague) wherein red hot steel hath been j grow below, but lesser, and less divided, often quenched, doth stay the bloody-flux.» and divers yellow flowers one above another The same also opens obstructions of the \ at the tops, after which come small rough bladder and reins. A decoction of the \ pods, with small, lank, flat ends, wherein leaves hereof, and of Sage, Marjoram, and iis contained round yellowish seed, sharp, Camomile flowers, and the places bathed \ hot, and biting upon the tongue. The root therewith, that have sinews stiff with cold j is small, long, and woody when it bears or cramps, doth bring them much ease and \ stalks, and perishes every year, comfort. Three ounces of the distilled \ Place.] This grows with us in gardens water of the flowers drank morning and j only, and other manured places, evening for some days together, is said to be 1 Time.] It is an annual plant, flowering the most excellent remedy for the gout.! in July, and the seed is ripe in August. The juice of the leaves and flowers being \ Government and virtues.] It is an excel- laid upon rough warts, as also the powder * lent sauce for such whose blood wants clari- of the dried roots rubbed on, doth easily \ fying, and for weak stomachs, being an take them away, but doth no good to i herb of Mars, but naught for choleric smooth warts. The powder of the dried > people, though as good for such as are flowers is an especial remedy for those that! aged, or troubled with cold diseases. Aries are troubled with the belly-ache, or the \ claims something to do with it, therefore it pains of the cholic. The decoction of the \ strengthens the heart, and resists poison, root, and so likewise of the leaves, is ofi Let such whose stomachs are so weak they great effect to dissolve the tumours, swel- \ cannot digest their meat, or appetite it, take lings, or inflammations of the throat. The j of Mustard-seed a dram. Cinnamon as much, seed and leaves boiled in wine, apd ap-; and having beaten them to powder, and plied, draw forth speedily thorns or splin- i half as much Mastich in powder, and with ters gotten into the flesh, ease the pains, l gum Arabic dissolved in rose-water, make AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. it up into troches, of which they may take 5 one of about half a dram weight an hour or; two before meals ; let old men and women i make much of this medicine, and they will 1 either give me thanks, or shew manifest! ingratitude. Mustard seed hath the virtue ! © • . . s of heat, discussing, ratifying, and drawing 5 out splinters of bones, and other things of 5 the flesh. It is of good effect to bring! down women's courses, for the falling-sick- ^ ness or lethargy, drowsy forgetful evil, to ! use it both inwardly and outwardly, to rub * the nostrils, forehead and temples, to warm; and quicken the spirits; for by the iierce \ sharpness it purges the brain by sneezing, ! and drawing down rheum and other vis- ! cous humours, which by their distillations j upon the lungs and chest, procure coughing, $ and therefore, with some, honey added \ thereto, doth much good therein. The de-i coction of the seed made in wine, and \ drank, provokes urine, resists the force of ! poison, the malignity of mushrooms, and! venom of scorpions, or other venomous! creatures, if it be taken in time; and taken ! before the cold fits of agues, alters, lessens, ! and cures them. The seed taken either by-; itself, or with other things, either in an elec- ! tuary or drink, doth mightily stir up bodily! lust, and helps the spleen and pains in the! sides, and gnawings in the bowels; and! used as a gargle draws up the palate of the! mouth, being fallen down; and also it dis-i solves the swellings about the throat, if it! be outwardly applied. Being chewed in! the mouth it oftentimes helps the tooth-ache, j The outward application hereof upon the* pained place of the sciatica, discusses the j humours, and eases the pains, as also the 1 gout, and other joint aches ; and is much \ and often used to ease pains in the sides or! loins, the shoulder, or other parts of the j body, upon the plying thereof to raise j blisters, and cures the disease by drawing; it to the outward parts of the body. It is j also used to help the falling off the hair.! 125 The seed bruised mixed with honey, and applied, or made up with wax, takes away the marks and black and blue spots of bruises, or the like, the roughness or scab¬ biness of the skin, as also the leprosy, and lousy evil. It helps also the crick in the neck. The distilled water of the herb, when it is in the flower, is much used to drink inwardly to help in any of the diseases aforesaid, or to wash the mouth when the palate is down, and for the disease of the throat to gargle, but outwardly also for scabs, itch, or other the like infirmities, and cleanses the face from morphew, spots,, freckles, and other deformities. THE HEDGE-MUSTARD. IP, j(», Descript .] This grows up usually but with one blackish green stalk, tough, easy to bend, but not to break, branched into divers parts, and sometimes with divers stalks, set full of branches, whereon grow long, rough, or hard rugged leaves, very much tore or cut on the edges in many parts, some bigger, and some less, of a dirty green colour. The flowers are small and yellow, that grow on the tops of the branches in long spikes, flowering by de¬ grees ; so that continuing long in flower, the stalk will have small round cods at the bottom, growing upright and close to the stalk, while the top flowers yet shew them¬ selves, in which are contained small yellow seed, sharp and strong, as the herb is also. 'Die root grows down slender and woody, yet abiding and springing again every year. Place.\ This grows frequently in this land, by 'the ways and hedge-sides, and. sometimes in the open fields. Time.~\ It flowers most usually about July. Government and virtues .J Mars owns this . herb also. It is singularly good in all the * diseases of the chest and lungs, hoarseness. m THE COMPLETE HERBAL NEP, OR CATMINT. . /p i /?» Descript.'] Common Garden Nep shoots of voice : and by the use of the decoction \ thereof for a little space, those have been \ recovered who had utterly lost their voice, \ and almost their spirits also. The juice j thereof made into a syrup, or licking medi -1 forth hard four-square stalks, with a hoari- cine, with honey or sugar, is no less effec- ! ness on them, a yard high or more, full of tual for the same purpose, and for all other! branches, bearing at every joint two broad coughs, wheezing, and shortness of breath, {leaves like balm, but longer pointed, softer. The same is also profitable for those that j white, and more hoary, nicked about the have the. jaundice, pleurisy, pains in the {edges, and of a strong sweet scent. The back and loins, and for torments in the j flowers grow in large tufts at the tops of the belly, or cholic, being also used in clysters, j branches, and underneath them likewise on The seed is held to be a special remedy ? the stalks many together, of a whitish pur- against poison and venom. It is singularly \ pie colour. The roots are composed of good for the sciatica, and in joint-aches, \ many long strings or fibres, fastening them- ulcers, and cankers in the mouth, throat, or ; selves stronger in the ground, and abide behind the ears, and no less for the hard- \ with green leaves thereon all the winter, ness and swelling of the testicles, or ofj Place.] It is only nursed up in our 'womens breasts. j gardens. d Time.] And it flowers in July, or there- i NAILWORT, OR WHITLOW-GRASS. \ abouts. . J?. \ Government and virtues.] It is an herb of Descript.] This very small and common \ Venus. Nep is generally used for women herb hath no roots, save only a few strings:! to procure their courses, being taken in- neither doth it ever grow to be above a | wardly or outwardly, either alone, or with hand’s breadth high, the leaves are very { Other convenient herbs in a decoction to small, and something long, not much unlike \ bathe them, or sit over the hot fumes there- tliose of Chickweed, among which rise up jof; and by the frequent use thereof, it takes divers slender stalks, bearing many white \ away barrenness, and the wind, and pains flowers one above another, which are ex -\ of the mother. It is also used in pains of ceeding small; after which come small | the head coming of any cold cause, catarrhs, flat pouches containing the seed, which is ! rheums, and for swimming and giddiness very small, but of a sharp taste. \ thereof, and is of special use for the wind- Place.] It grows commonly upon oldjiness of the stomach and belly. It is ef- stone and brick walls, and sometimes in 1 fectual for any cramp, or cold aches, to dis- gravelly grounds, especially if there be j solve cold and wind that afflict the place, grass or moss near to shadow it. J and is used for colds, coughs, and short- Time.] They flower very early in the? ness of breath. The juice thereof drank 3 'ear, sometimes in January, and in {in wine, is profitable for those that are February ; for before the end of April they ! bruised by an accident. The green herb are not to be found. ,1 bruised and applied to the fundament, and Government and virtues.] It is held to be j lying there two or three hours, eases the exceedingly good for those imposthumes in \ pains of the piles; the juice also beingmade the joints, and under the nails, which they! up into an ointment, is effectual for the call Whitlows, Felons, Andicorns and Nail-! same purpose. The head washed with a •wheals. \ decoction thereof, it takes away scabs, AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 127 and may be effectual for other parts of the j together, stays bleeding at the mouth. The body also. seed being drank, is a remedy against the nettles. B, stinging: of venomous creatures, the biting O O - - of mad dogs, the poisonous qualities of Hemlock, Henbane, Nightshade, Mandrake, Nettles are so well known, that they \ or other such like herbs that stupify or dull need no description ; they may be found j the senses; as also the lethargy, especially by feeling, in the darkest night. jto use it outwardly, to rub the forehead or •> Government and virtues .] This is also 1 temples in the lethargy, and the places an herb Mars claims dominion over. You; stung or bitten with beasts, with a little salt, know Mars is hot and dry, and you know!The distilled water of the herb is also effec- as well that Winter is cold and moist; then $ tual (though not so powerful) for the dis- you may know as well the reason why leases aforesaid; as for outward wounds Nettle-tops eaten in the Spring consume land sores to wash them, and to cleanse the the phlegmatic superfluities in the body of; skin from morphew, leprosy, and other man, that the coldness and moistness of; discolourings thereof. The seed or leaves Winter hath left behind. The roots or \ bruised, and put into the nostrils, stays the leaves boiled, or the juice of either of them, \ bleeding of them, and takes away the flesh or both made into an electuary with honey \ growing in them called polypus. The juice and sugar, is a safe and sure medicine to* of the leaves, or the decoction of them, or open the pipes and passages of the lungs, iof the root, is singularly good to wash cither which is the cause of wheezing and short- j old, rotten, or stinking sores or fistulous, ness of breath, and helps to expectorate j and gangrenes, and such as fretting, eating, tough phlegm, as also to raise the impost-j or corroding scabs, manginess, and itch, burned pleurisy ; and spend it by spitting;; in any part of the body, as also green the same helps the swelling of the almonds! wounds, by washing them therewith, or ap- of the throat, the mouth and throat being j plying the green herb bruised thereunto, gargled therewith. The juice is also effec- j yea, although the flesh were separated from tual to settle the palate of the mouth in its \ the bones; the same applied to our wearied place, and to heal and temper the inflam- {members, refresh them, or to place those mations and soreness of the mouth and ; that have been out ot joint, being first set throat. The decoction of the leaves in; up again, strengthens, dries-, and comforts wine, being drank, is singularly good to pro-! them, as also those places troubled with voke women’s courses, and settle the suf- j aches and gouts, and the defluxion of location, strangling of the mother, and all \ humours upon the joints or sinews ; it eases other diseases thereof; it is also applied out- j the pains, and dries or dissolves the defluc- wardly with a little myrrh. The same also, jtions. An ointment made of the juice, or the seed provokes urine, and expels the j oil, and a little wax, is singularly good to gravel and stone in the reins or bladder, $ rub cold and benumbed members. An often proved to be effectual in many that j handful of the leaves ot green Nettles, and have taken it. The same kills the worms \ another of Wallwort, or Deanwort, bruised in children, eases pains in the sides, and ; and applied simply themselves to the gout, dissolves the windiness in the spleen, as; sciatica, or joint aches in any part, hath also in the body, although others think it; been found to be an admirable help there- only powerful to provoke venery. The j unto, juice of the leaves taken, two or three days; (IS, 14.) i* l l. L 123 THE COMPLETE HERBAL NIGHTSHADE. Common Nightshade |mouth and throat that is inflamed: But : outwardly the juice of the herb or berries, Descript.] Common Nightshade hath 5 with oil of roses and a little vinegar and an upright, round green, hollow stalk, about f ceruse laboured together in a leaden mortar, a foot or half a yard high, bushing forth in | is very good to anoint all hot inflammations many branches, whereon grow many green; in the eyes. It also doth much good for leaves, somewhat broad, and pointed at the;the shingles* ringworms, and in all running, ends, soft and full of juice, somewhat like j fretting and corroding ulcers, applied unto Bazil, but longer and a little unevenly j thereunto. The juice dropped into the dented about the edges: At the tops of the] ears, eases pains thereof that arise of heat stalks and branches come forth three or 1 or inflammations. And Pliny saith, it is four more white flowers made of five small \ good for hot swellings under the throat, pointed leaves a-piece, standing on a stalk 1 Have a care you mistake not the deadly together, one above another, with yellow; Nightshade for this; if you know it not, pointels in the middle, composed of four or; you may let them both alone, and take no five yellow threads set together, which af-jharm, having other medicines sufficient in ter wards run into so many pendulous green j the book, berries, of the bigness of small pease, full of 1 green juice, and small whitish round flatl seed lying within it. The root is white, \ It is and a little woody when it hath given flowerj being the glory and safety of this nation and fruit, with many small fibres at itby sea) that it needs no description. The whole plant is of a waterish insipid j Government and virtues .] Jupiter owns taste, but the juice within the berries is \ the tree. The leaves and bark of the Oak, somewhat viscous, and of a cooling and \ and the acorn cups, do bind and dry very binding quality. ; much. The inner bark of the tree, and Place.] It grows wild with us under our | the thin skin that covers the acorn, are walls, and in rubbish, the common paths, \ most used to stay the spitting of blood, and and fields, as also in \ the bloody-flux. The decoction of that THE OAK. 1.2 0. so wel 1 known (the timber thereof hedges and sides of our gardens here in England, without any; bark, and the powder of the cups, do stay planting. j vomitings, spitting of blood, bleeding at Time.] It lies down every year, and \ the mouth, or other fluxes of blood, in rises up again of its own sowing, but springs j men or women; lasks also, and the noctur- not until the latter end of April at the ; nal involuntary flux of men. The acorn in I powder taken in wine, provokes urine, and a cold | resists the poison of venomous creatures. Night-; The decoction of acorns and the bark made inflam- J in milk and taken, resists the force of poi- mations either inwardly or outwardly, \ sonous herbs and medicines, as also the being no ways dangerous to any that use it, j virulency of cantharides, when one by eating as most of the rest of the Nightshades are ; i them hath his bladder exulfcerated, and yet it must be used-moderately. The dis-j voids bloody urine. Hippocrates saith, he tilled water only of the whole herb is fittest j used the fumes of Oak leaves to women that and safest to be taken inwardly : The juice j were troubled with the strangling of the soonest. Government and virtues.'] It is Saturnine plant. The common shade is wholly used to cool hot or also clarified and taken, being mingled mother; and Galen applied them, being with a little vinegar, is good to wash the j bruised, to cure green wounds. The dis* AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 129 tilled water of the Oaken bud, before they j the upper crust of the earth, shooting forth break out into leaves is good to be used j in divers places. either inwardly or outwardly, to assuage j Placed] It grows in moist, shadowy, inflammations, and to stop all manner of! and grassy places of woods, in many parts fluxes in man or woman. The same is j of this land. singularly good in pestilential and hot j Timei] It flowers about May, and the burning fevers; for it resists the force of * berries are ripe in June, and then quickly the infection, and allays the heat: It cools j perishes, until the next year it springs from the heat of the liver, breaking the stone in j the same root again. the kidneys, and stays women's courses. j Government and virtues. ] It is a precious The decoction of the leaves works the same \ herb of the Sun. Half a dram, or a dram effects. The water that is found in the \ at most, in powder of the roots hereof taken hollow places of old Oaks, is very effectual I in wine and vinegar, of each equal parts, against any foul or spreading scabs. The \ and the party laid presently to sweat there- distilled water (or concoction, which is j upon, is held to be a sovereign remedy for belter) of the leaves, is one of the best j those that are infected with the plague, and remedies that I know of for the whites in \ have a sore upon them, by expelling the women. \ poison and infection, and defending the heart and spirits from danger. It is a sin- oats,3*. zo> | gularly good wound herb, and is thereupon Are so well known that they need no! used with other the like effects in many description. ! compound balms for curing of wounds, be Government and virtues .] Oats fried with j they fresh and green, or old and malignant, bay salt, and applied to the sides, take land especially it the sinews be burnt, away the pains of stitches and wind in the j sides or the belly. A poultice made ofY orchis. meal of Oats, and some oil of Bays put j thereunto, helps the itch and the leprosy, j It has almost as many several names as also the fistulas of the fundament, and \ attributed to the several sorts of it, as would dissolves hard imposthumes. The meal of j almost fill a sheet of paper; as dog-stones, Oats boiled with vinegar, and applied, j goat-stones, fool-stones, fox-stones, satiri- takes away freckles and spots in the face, \ con, cullians, together with many others too and other parts of the body. \ tedious to rehearse. s Descript .] To describe all the several ONE BLADE. 1 sorts 0 f it we te an endless piece of work ; Descript. ] This small plant never bears \ therefore 1 shall only describe the roots, more than one leaf, but only when it rises j because they are to be used with some dis¬ up with his stalk, which thereon bears * cretion. They have each of them a double another, and seldom more, which are of a iiroot within, some of them are round, in blueish green colour, pointed, with many 1 others like a hand ; these roots alter every ribs or veins \herein, like Plantain. At the \ year by course, when the one rises and top of the stalk grow many small white \ waxes full, the other waxes lank, and perishes, flowers, star fashion, smelling somewhat! Now, it is that which is full which is to be sweet; after which come small red berries, i used in medicines, the other being either of when they are ripe. The root is small, of the ) no use at all, or else, according to the bigness of a rush, lying and creeping under \ humour of some, it destroys and disannuls 130 THE COMPLETE HERBAL the virtues of the other, quite undoing what that doth. the place with good treacle, and after to roast it well under the embers, which, after Time .] One or other of them may be} taking away the outermost skin thereof, found in flower from the beginning of April \ being beaten together, is a sovereign salve to the latter end of August. { for either plague or sore, or any other. Government and virtues .] They are hot j putrefied ulcer. The juice of Onions is and moist in operation, under the dominion \ good for either scalding or burning by fire, of Dame Venus, and provoke lust exceed- j water, or gunpowder, and used with vine- ingly, which, they say, the dried and \ gar, takes away all blemishes, spots and withered roots do restrain. They are held \ marks in the skin: and dropped in the to kill worms in children; as also, being: ears, eases the pains and noise of them, bruised and applied to the place, to heal: Applied also with figs beaten together, helps the king’s evil, j to ripen and break imposthumes, and other * j sores. onions, ■p.,2-0* i Leeks are as like them in quality, as the > They are so well known, that I need not j pome-water is like an apple : They are a spend time about writing a description of j remedy against a surfeit of mushrooms, and virtues .] Mars owns being baked under the embers and taken ; and being boiled and applied very warm, them. i Government them, and they have gotten this quality, to j help the piles. In other things they have draw any corruption to them, for if you j the same property as the Onions, although peel one, and lay it upon a dunghill, you I not so effectual, shall find it rotten in half a day, by drawing! * * * orpine o putrefaction to it; then, being bruised and I applied to a plague sore, it is very probable r** Descript^] Common Orpine rises up it will do the like. Onions are flatulent, or j with divers rough brittle stalks, thick set windy; yet they do somewhat provoke j with, fat and fleshy leaves, without any appetite, increase thirst, ease the belly and ! order, and little or nothing dented about bowels, provoke women’s courses, help the! the edges, of a green colour: The flowers biting of a mad dog, and of other venomous \ are white, or whitish, growing in tufts, after creatures, to be used with honey and rue, j which come small chaffy husks, with seeds increase sperm, especially the seed of them.! like dust in them. The roots are divers They also kill worms in children if they \ thick, round, white tuberous clogs ;. and the drink the water fasting wherein they have! plant grows not so big in some places as in been steeped all night. Being roasted j others where it is found, under the embers, and eaten with honey or j P/ace.] It is frequent in almost every sugar and oil, they much conduce to help $ county of this land, and is cherished in an inveterate cough, and expectorate the j gardens with us, where it grows greater than tough phlegm. The juice being snuffed! that which is wild, and grows in shadowy up into the nostrils, purges the head, and \ sides of fields and woods, helps the lethargy, (yet the often eating | TzV«,e.] It flowers about July, and the them is said to procure pains in the head.) I seed is ripe in August. It hath been held by divers country people \ Government and virtues .] The Moon a great preservative against infection, to eat! owns the herb, and he that knows but her Onions fasting with bread and salt: As \ exaltaration, knows what I say is true, also to make a great Onion hollow, filling j Orpine is seldom used in inward medicines. AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 131 with us, although Tragus saith from expe¬ rience in Germany, that the distilled water thereof is profitable for gnawings or excori¬ ations in the stomach or bowels, or for ul¬ cers in the lungs, liver, or other inward parts, as also in the matrix, and helps all those diseases, being drank for certain days together. It stays the sharpness of humours in the bloody-flux, and other fluxes in the body, or in wounds. The root thereof also performs the like effect. It is used outwardly to cool any heat or inflammation upon any hurt or wound, and eases the pains of them; as, also, to heal scaldings or burnings, the juice thereof being beaten with some green sallad oil, and anointed. The leaf bruised, and laid to any green wound in the hand or legs, doth heal them quickly ; and being bound to the throat, much helps the quinsy ; it helps also rup¬ tures and burstenness. If you please to make the juice thereof into a syrup with honey or sugar, you may safely take a spoonful or two at a time, (let my author say what he will) for a quinsy, and you shall find the medicine pleasant, and the cure speedy. PARSLEY.X • 23. \ is also effectual against the venom of any | poisonous creature, and the danger that \ comes to them that have the lethargy, and | is as good against the cough. The distilled I water of Parsley is a familiar medicine with \ nurses to give their children when they are \ troubled with wind in the stomach or belly, i which they call the frets ; and is also much i available to them that are of great years. \ The leaves of Parsley laid to the eyes that | are inflamed with heat, or swollen, doth \ much help them, if it be used with bread or ! meal; and being fried with butter, and ap- \ plied to women’s breasts that are hard | through the curdling of their milk, it abates | the hardness quickly ; and also takes away \ black and blue marks coming of bruises 01 | falls. The juice thereof dropped into the \ ears with a little wine, eases the pains. \ Tragus sets down an excellent medicine to | help the jaundice and falling sickness, th6 1 dropsy, and stone- in the kidneys, in this | manner : Take of the seed of Parsley, Fen- l nel, Annise and Carraways, of each an jounce; of the roots of Parsley, Burnet* \ Saxifrage, and Carraways, of each an ounce | and an half; let the seeds be bruised, and This is so well known, that it needs no description. Government and virtues .] It is under the dominion of Mercury ; is very comfortable to the stomach ; helps to provoke urine and women’s courses, to break wind both in the stomach and bowels, and doth a little open the body, but the root much more. It opens obstructions both of liver and spleen, and is therefore accounted one of the five opening roots. Galen commended it against the falling sickness, and to provoke urine mightily ; especially if the roots be boiled, and eaten like Parsnips. The seed is effectual to provoke urine and women s courses, to expel wind, to break the stone, and ease the pains and torments thereof; it ( 13 , 14 .) i the roots washed and cut small; let them \ lie all night to steep in a bottle of white \ wine, and in the morning be boiled in a 1 close earthen vessel until a third part or i more be wasted ; which being strained and | cleared, take four ounces thereof morning \ and evening first and last, abstaining from idrink after it for three hours. 4 his opens j obstructions of the liver and spleen, and | expels the dropsy and jaundice by urine. 1 PARSLEY PIERT, OR PARSLEY BREAK- \ STONE. 'JB. . 25. Descript .] The root, although it be very | small and thready, yet it continues many 1 years, from which arise many leaves lying i along on the ground, each standing upon |a long small foot-stalk, the leaves as broad | as a man’s nail, very deeply denied on the M M 132 THE COMPLETE HERBAL edges, somewhat like a parsley-leaf, but of | a very dusky green colour. The stalks are very weak and slender, about three or four fingers in length, set so full of leaves that they can hardly be seen, either having no I foot-stalk at all, or but very short; the! flowers are so small they can hardly be. ; seen, and the seed as small as may be. Place.'] It is a common herb throughout * the nation, and rejoices in barren, sandy,; moist places. It may be found plentifully i about Hampstead Heath, Hyde Park, and! in Tothill-fields. \ Time.] It may be found all the Sum-1 mer-time, even from the beginning of April | to the end of October. ; Government and virtues.] Its operation j is very prevalent to provoke urine, and to | break the stone. It is a very good sallad \ herb. It were good the gentry would pickle \ it up as they pickle up Samphire for their j use all the Winter. I cannot teach them \ how to do it; yet this I can tell them, it is \ a very wholesome herb. They may also ! keep the herb dry, or in a syrup, if they * please. You may take a dram of the pow- j der of it in white wine; it would bring away \ gravel from the kidneys insensibly, and \ without pain. It also helps the stranguary.; PARSNIPS. i . . * The garden kind thereof is so well known $ (the root being commonly eaten) that 1\ shall not trouble you with any description! of it. But the wild kind being of more! physical use, I shall in this place describe ; it unto you. Descript.] The wild Parsnip differs | little from the garden, but grows not so fair! and large, nor hath so many leaves, and the \ root is shorter, more woody, and not so fit! to be eaten, and therefore more medicinal. 1 Place.] The name of the first shews the \ place of its growth. The other grows wild i in divers places, as in the marshes in Roches- ; ter, and elsewhere, and flowers in July; | the seed being ripe about the beginning of August, the second year after its sowing ; for if they do flower the first year, the coun¬ try people call them Madneps. Government and virtues.] The garden Parsnips are under Venus. The garden Parsnip nourishes much, and is good and wholesome nourishment, but a little windy, whereby it is thought to procure bodily lust; but it fastens the body much, if much need. It is conducible to the stomach and reins, and provokes urine. But the wild Parsnips hath a cutting, attenuating, clean¬ sing, and opening quality therein. It re¬ sists and helps the bitings of serpeuts, eases the pains and stitches in the sides, and dis¬ solves wind both in the stomach and bowels, which is the cholic, and provokes urine. The root is often used, but the seed much more. The wild being better than the tame, shews Dame Nature to be the best phy¬ sician. cow parsnips. 1?.2.3 Descript.] This grows with three or four large, spread winged, rough leaves, lying often on the ground, or else raised a little from it, with long, round, hairy foot¬ stalks under them, parted usually into five divisions, the two couples standing each against the other ; and one at the end, and each leaf, being almost round, yet some¬ what deeply cut in on the edges in some leaves, and not so deep in others, of a whitish green colour, smelling somewhat strongly ; among which rises up a round, crusted, hairy stalk, two or three feet high, with a few joints and leaves thereon, and branched at the top, where stand large umbels of white, and sometimes reddish flowers, and after them flat, whitish, thin, winged seed, two always joined together. The root is long and white, with two or three long strings growing down into the ground, smelling likewise strongly and unpleasant. Place.] It grows in moist meadows, and AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 133 the borders and corners of fields, and near j within the stone. It sooner waxes old, ditches, through this land. land decays, than the Apricot, by much. Time.'] It flowers in July, and seeds ini Place.] They are nursed in gardens and August. * 1 orchards through this land. Government and virtues.] Mercury hath j Time.] They flower in the Spring, and the dominion over them. The seed thereof, fructify in Autumn. as Galen saith, is of a sharp and cutting! Government and virtues.] Lady Venus quality, and therefore is a fit medicine for; owns this tree, and by it opposes the ill a cough and shortness of breath, the falling « effects of Mars, and indeed for children and sickness and jaundice. The root is avail- \ young people, nothing is better to purge able to all the purposes aforesaid, and isicholer and the jaundice, than the leaves or also of great use to take away the hard {flowers of this tree being made into a syrup skin that grows on a fistula, if it be but j or conserve. Let such as delight to please scraped upon it. The seed hereof being j their lust regard the fruit; but such as have drank, cleanses the belly from tough phleg-Host their health, and their children's, let made matter therein, eases them that are them regard what I say, they may safely liver-grown, women’s passions of the mother, | give two spoonfuls of the syrup at a time ; as well being drank as the smoke thereof: it is as gentle as Venus herself. The*leaves received, and likewise raises such as are j of peaches bruised and laid on the belly, fallen into a deep sleep, or have the lethargy, i kill worms, and so they do also being by burning it under their nose. The seed j boiled in ale and drank, and open the belly and root boiled in oil, and the head rubbed \ likewise ; and, being dried, is a far safer medicine to discuss humours. The pow- therewith, helos not only those that are fallen into a frenzy, but also the lethargy or der of them strewed upon fresh bleeding drowsy evil, and those that have been long wounds stays their bleeding, and closes troubled with the head-ache, if it be like- \ them up. The flowers steeped all night in wise used with Rue. It helps also the runn-i a little wine standing warm, strained forth ing scab and shingles. The juice of the | in the morning, and drank fasting, doth flowers dropped into the ears that run and \ gently open the belly, and move it down- are full of matter, cleanses and heals them. 1 ward. A syrup made of them, as the syrup \ of roses is made, works more forcibly than the peach thee. j that of roses, for it provokes vomiting, and Descript.] A peach Tree grows not so;spends waterish and hydropic humours by great as the Apricot tree, yet spreads j the continuance thereof. The flowers made branches reasonable well, from whence {into a conserve, work the same effect, spring smaller reddish twigs, whereon are I The liquor that dropped from the tree, being set long and narrow green leaves dented i wounded, is given in the decoction of Col ts- about the edges. The blossoms are greater | foot, to those that are troubled with a cough than the plumb, and of a light purple: or shortness of breath, by adding thereunto colour; the fruit round, and sometimes as \ some sweet wine, and putting some saffron big as a reasonable Pippin, others smaller, j also therein. It is good for those that are as also differing in colour and taste, as rus-; hoarse, or have lost their voice; helps all set, red, or yellow, waterish or firm, with a \ defects of the lungs, and those that vomit frize or cotton all over, with a cleft therein land spit blood. Two drams hereof given like an Apricot, and a rugged, furrowed, I in the juice of lemons, or of radish, is good great stone within it, and a bitter kernel j for them that are troubled with the stone, 134 THE COMPLETE HERBAL the kernels of the stones do wonderfully ease the pains and wringings of the belly through wind or sharp humours, and help to make an excellent medicine for the stone upon all occasions, in this manner : I take fifty kernels of peach-stones , and one hundred of the kernels of cherry-stones , a handful of elder flowers fresh or dried , and three pints of Muscadel; set them in a close pot into a bed of horse-dung for ten days , after which distil in a glass with a gentle fire , and keep it for your use: You may drink upon occasion three or four ounces at a time. The milk or cream of these kernels being drawn forth with some Vervain water and applied to the forehead and temples, doth much help to procure rest and sleep to sick persons wanting it. The oil drawn from the kernels, the temples being therewith anointed, doth the like. The said oil put into clysters, eases the pains of the wind cholic : and anointed on the lower part of the belly, doth the like, and dropped into the ears, eases pains in them ; the juice of the leaves doth the like. Being also anointed on the forehead and temples, it helps the megrim, and all other pains in the head. If the kernels be bruised and boiled in vinegar, until they become thick, and applied to the head, it marvellously procures the hair to grow again upon bald places, or where it is too thin. THE PEAR TREE. Tp, ?* . Pear Trees are so well known, that they need no description. Governmentand virtues .j The Tree belongs to Venus, and so doth the Apple tree. For their physical use they are best discerned by their taste. All the sweet and luscious sorts, whether manured or wild, do help to move the belly downwards, more or less. Those that are hard and sour, do, on the contrary, bind the belly as much, and the leaves do so also : Those that are moist do in some sort cool, but harsh or wild sorts much more, and are very good in repelling medicines ; and if the wild sort be boiled with mushrooms, it makes them less dan¬ gerous. The said Pears boiled with a little honey, help much the oppressed stomach, as all sorts of them do, some more, some less: but the harsher sorts do more cool and bind, serving well to be bound to green wounds, to cool and stay the blood, and heal up the green wound without farther trouble, or inflammation, as Galen saithhehath found by experience. The wild Pears do sooner close up the lips of green wounds than others. Schola Selerni advises to drink much wine after Pears, or else (say they) they are as bad as poison; nay, and they curse the tree for it too; but if a poor man And his stomach oppressed by eating Pears, it is but working hard, and it will do as well as drinking wine. PELLITORY OF SPAIN. Common Pellitory of Spain, if it be planted in our gardens, will prosper very well; yet there is one sort growing ordina¬ rily here wild, which I esteem to be little inferior to the other, if at all. I shall not deny you the description of them both. JDescript.~\ Common Pellitory is a very common plant, and will riot be kept in our gardens without diligent looking to. The root goes down right into the ground bear¬ ing leaves, being long and finely cut upon the stalk, lying on the ground, much larger than the leaves of the Camomile are. At the top it bears one single large flower at a place, having a border of many leaves, white on the upper side, and reddish under¬ neath, with a yellow thrum in the middle, not standing so close as that of Camomile. The other common Pellitory which grows here, hath a root of a sharp biting taste, scarcely discernible by the taste from that before described, from whence arise divers brittle stalks, a yard high and more, with narrow^ leaves finely dented about the AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 135 edges, standing one above another up to 1 black, rough seed, which will stick to any the tops. The flowers are many and white, | cloth or garment that shall touch it. The standing in tufts like those of Yarrow, with | root is somewhat long, with small fibres a small yellowish thrum in the middle, j thereat, of a dark reddish colour, which The seed is very small. \ abides the Winter, although the stalks and Place.'] The last grows in fields by the Heaves perish and spring every year, hedge sides and paths, almost every where. j Place.] It grows wild generally through Time.] It flowers at the latter end of? the land, about the borders of fields, and by June and July. ? the sides of walls, and among rubbish. It Government and virtues.] It is under the ? will endure well being brought up in gar- government of Mercury, and I am per-* dens, and planted on the shady iflde, suaded it is one of the best purgers of the ? where it will spring of it own sowing, brain that grows. An ounce of the juice? Time.] It flowers in June and July, and taken in a draught of Muskadel an hour \ the seed is ripe soon after, before the fit of the ague comes, it will ? Government and virtues.] It is under the assuredly drive away the ague at the second ? dominion of Mercury. The dried herb or third time taken at the farthest. Either jI Pellitory made up into an electuary with the herb or root dried and chewed in the* honey, or the juices of the herb, or the de- mouth, purges the brain of plegniatic ) coction thereof made up with sugar of humours; thereby not only easing pains in \ honey, is a singular remedy for an old or the head and teeth, but also hinders the? dry cough, the shortness of breath, and distilling of the brain upon the lungs and j wheezing in the throat. Three ounces of eyes, thereby preventing coughs, phthisicks \ the juice thereof taken at a time, doth won- and consumption, the apoplexy and falling \ derfully help stopping of the urine, and to sickness. It is an excellently approved ? expel the stone or gravel in the kidneys or remedy in the lethargy. The powder of the j bladder, and is therefore usually put among herb or root being snuffed up the nostrils, j other herbs used in clysters to mitigate procures sneezing, and eases the head-ache; j pains in the back, sides, or bowels, pro¬ being made into an ointment with hog’s; deeding of wind, stopping of urine, the grease, it takes away black and blue spots i gravel or stone, as aforesaid. If the bruised occasioned by blows or falls, and helps both j herb, sprinkled with some Muskadel, be the gout and sciatica. j Avarmed upon a tile, or in a dish upon a l feAV quick coals in a chafing-dish, and ap- pellitory of the WALL.ip,£/. j p]j e( j to t } ie belly, it works the same effect. Descript.] It rises with brownish, red, \ The decoction of the herb being drank, tender, weak, clear, and almost transparent \ eases pains of the mother, and brings down stalks, about two feet high, upon Avhich ? women’s courses: It also eases those griefs grow at the joints two leaves somewhat j that arise from obstructions of the liver, broad and long, of a dark green colour, \ spleen, and reins. The same decoction, which afterwards turn brownish, smooth on j with a little honey added thereto, is good the edges, but rough and hairy, as the ? to gargle a sore throat. The juice held a stalks are also. At the joints Avith thejAvhilein the mouth, eases pains in the teeth, leaves from the middle of the stalk upAvards, jThe distilled Avater of the herb drank Avith Avhere it spreads into branches, stand many j some sugar, Avorks the same effects, and small, pale, purplish floAvers in hairy, rough j cleanses the skin from spots, freckles, pur- heads, or husks, after which come small, ? pies, Avheals, sun-burn, morpheAv, &c. The ( 13 , 14 .) N N 136 THE COMPLETE HERBAL juice dropped into the ears, eases the noise \ There is a greater kind than the ordinary in them, and takes away the pricking and \sort found wild with us, which so abides, shooting pains therein : The same, or the j being brought into gardens, and differs not distilled water, assuages hot and swelling \ from it, but only in the largeness of the imposthumes, burnings and scaldings by j leaves and stalks, in rising higher, and not fire or water ; as also all other hot tumours j creeping upon the ground so much. r lhe and inflammations, or breakings-out, of j flowers whereof are purple, growing in run- heat, being bathed often with wet cloths \ dies about the stalks like the other, dipped therein: The said juice made into \ Placed] The first, \yhich is common in a liniment with ceruss, and oil of roses, and j gardens, grows also in many moist and anointed therewith, cleanses foul rotten watery places of this land. > ulcers, and stays spreading or creeping; The second is found wild in effect in ulcers, and running scabs or sores in chil- j divers places by the highways from London dren's heads ; and helps to stay the hair ; to Colchester, and thereabouts, more abun- from falling off the head. The said oint- j dantly than in any other counties, and is ment, or the herb applied to the fundament, j also planted in their gardens in Essex, opens the piles, and eases their pains ; and | Time.'] They flower in the latter end of being mixed with goats' tallow, helps the \ Summer, about August. * gout. The juice is very effectual to cleanse j Government and virtues .] The herb is fistulas, and to heal them up safely ; or the funder Venus. Dioscorides saitb, that herb itself bruised and applied with a little j Pennyroyal makes thin tough phlegm, salt. It is likewise also effectual to heal j warms the coldness of any part whereto it any green wound ; if it be bruised and j is applied, and digests raw or corrupt mat- bound thereto for three days, you shall [ter; Being boiled and drank, it provokes need no other medicine to heal it further.; women's courses, and expels the dead child A poultice made hereof with Mallows, and ; and after-birth, and stays the disposition boiled in wine and wheat bran and bean[ to vomit, being taken in water and vinegar flour, and some oil put thereto, and ap- j mingled together. And being mingled with plied warm to any bruised sinews, tendon, j honey and salt, it voids phlegm out of the or muscle, doth in a very short time restore j lungs, and purges melancholy by the stool, them to their strength, taking away the j Drank with wine, it helps such as are bitten pains of the bruises, and dissolves the con-; and stung with venomous beasts, and ap¬ pealed blood coming of blows, or falls from ; plied to the nostrils with vinegar, revives swooning. high places. j those that are fainting and The juice of Pellitory of the Wall clarified ! Being dried and burnt, it strengthens the and boiled in a syrup with honey, and a; gums. It is helpful to those that are trou- spoonful of it drank every morning by such » bled with the gout, being applied of itself as are subject to the dropsy ; if continuing j to the place until it was red ; and applied that course, though but once a weak, they I in a plaister, it takes away spots or marks ever have the dropsy, let them but come i in the face; applied with salt, it profits those to me, and I will cure them gratis. i that are splenetic, or livergrown. The de- 1 coction doth help the itch, if washed there- pennyroyal. [with. The green herb bruised and put Pennyroyal is so well known unto ; into vinegar, cleanses foul ulcers, and takes all, I mean the common kind, that it needs [away the marks of bruises and blows about no description. i the eyes, and all discolourings of the face AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 137 by fire, yea, and the leprosy, being drank \ The ordinary Female Peony hath as and outwardly applied : Boiled in wine 1 many stalks, and more leaves on them than with honey and salt, it helps the tooth-ache. \ the Male; the leaves not so large, but nicked It helps the cold griefs by the joints, taking \ on the edges, some with great and deep, away the pains, and warms the cold part,pothers with small cuts and divisions, of a being fast bound to the place, after a j dead green colour. The flowers are of a bathing or sweating in a hot house. Pliny \ strong heady scent, usually smaller, and of adds, that Pennyroyal and Mints together, ! a more purple colour than the Male, with help faintings, being put into vinegar, and ! yellow thrums about the head, as the Male smelled unto, or put into the nostrils or! hath. The seed vessels are like horns, as in mouth. It eases head-aches, pains of the j the Male, but smaller, the seed is black, breast and belly, and gnawings of the j but less shining. The root consists of many stomach; applied with honey, salt, and ! short tuberous clogs, fastened at the end of vinegar, it helps cramps or convulsions of Hong strings, and all from the heads of the the sinews: Boiled in milk, and drank, it is effectual for the cough, and for ulcers and sores in the mouth; drank in wine it provokes women's courses, and expels the dead child, and after-birth. Matthiolus roots, which is thick and short, and of the like scent with the Male. Place and Time.] They grow in gardens, and flower usually about May. Government and virtues .] It is an herb ol saith, The decoction thereof being drank, j the Sun, and under the Lion. Physicians helps the jaundice and dropsy, all pains of j say, Male Peony roots are best; but Dr. the head and sinews that come of a cold j Reason told me Male Peony was best for cause, and clears the eye-sight. It helps | men, and Female Peony for women, and he the lethargy, and applied with barley-meal, j desires to be judged by his brother Dr. helps burnings ; and put into the ears, eases ! Experience. The roots are held to be of the pains of them. j more virtue than the seed; next the flowers; iand, last of all, the leaves. The roots of MALE AND female peony.T. ^/. j the ]yj a ] c p eon y 5 fresh gathered, having Descript.'] Male Peony rises up with j been found by experience to cure the fall- brownish stalks, whereon grow green and \ ing sickness ; but the surest way is, besides reddish leaves, upon a stalk without any i hanging it about the neck, by which children particular division in the leaf at all. The! have been cured, to take the root of the flowers stand at the top of the stalks, con- j Male Peony washed clean, and stamped sisting of five or six broad leaves, of a fair j somewhat small, and laid to infuse in sack purplish red colour, with many yellow; for 24 hours at the least, afterwards strain threads in the middle standing about the lit, and take it first and last, morning and head, which after rises up to be the seedevening, a good draught for sundry days vessels, divided into two, three, or four j together, before and after a full moon : and crooked pods like horns, which being full 1 this will also cure old persons, it the dis- ripe, open and turn themselves down back-lease be not grown too old, and past cure, wards, shewing with them divers round,! especially if there be a due and orderly black, shining seeds, having also many! preparation of the body with posset-drink crimson grains, intermixed with black, | made of Betony, &c. 1 he root is also whereby it makes a very pretty shew. The j effectual for women that are not sufficiently roots are great, thick and long, spreading j cleansed after child-birth, and such as are and running down deep iu the ground. ‘troubled with the mother; lor which like** 138 THE COMPLETE HERBAL wise the black seed beaten to powder, and:hereof to be bruised, and mixed with old given in wine, is also available. The black j hog’s grease, and applied to the place, and seed also taken before bed-time, and in j to continue thereon four hours in men, and the morning, is very effectual for such as in j two hours in women, the place being after- their sleep are troubled with the disease j wards bathed with wine and oil mixed called Ephialtes, or Incubus, but we do j together, and then wrapped up with wool commonly call it the Night-mare: a disease \ or skins, after they have sweat a little. It which melancholy persons are subject unto: | also amends the deformities or discolour- It is also good against melancholy dreams, j ings of the skin, and helps to take away The distilled water or syrup made of the':marks, scars, and scabs, or the foul marks flowers, works the same effects that the root of burning with fire or iron. The juice and seed do, although more weakly. The > hereof is by some used to be given in ale to Females is often used for the purpose afore-1 drink, to women with child, to procure said, by reason the Male is so scarce a j them a speedy delivery in travail. plant, that it is possessed by few and those | periwinkle.^, sa great lovers of rarities in this kind. \ } Descript .] The common sort hereof pepperwort, or dittander. * hath many branches trailing or running Descript.] Our common Pepperwort | upon the ground, shooting out small fibres sends forth somewhat long and broad leaves, j at the joints as it runs, taking thereby hold of a light blueish green colour, finely ? in the ground, and rooteth in divers places, dented about the edges, and pointed at the I At the joints of these branches sland two ends, standing upon round hard stalks, j small, dark-green, shining leaves, somewhat three or four feet high, spreading many | like bay leaves, but smaller, and with them branches on all sides, and having many j come forth also the flowers (one at a joint) n 1 *. n_ „ xl ^r fLnnnn o t^nrlpr fAAl-ctilllr hpimr small white flowers at the tops of after which follow small seeds in them,! standing upon a tender foot-stalk, being small j somewhat long and hollow, parted at the heads. The root is slender, running much 1 brims, sometimes into four, sometimes into under ground, and shooting up again in s five leaves : The most ordinary sorts are of many places, and both leaves and roots are!a pale blue colour; some are pure white, very hot and sharp of taste, like pepper, for j some of a dark reddish purple colour. The which cause it took the name. j root is little bigger than a rush, bushing in Place.~\ It grows naturally in many j the ground, and creeping with his branches places of this land, as at Clare in Essex;! far about, whereby it quickly possesses a also near unto Exeter in Devonshire; upon! great compass, and is therefore most Rochester common in Kent; in Lanca- \ usually planted under hedges where it may shire, and divers other places ; but usually ! have room to run. kept in gardens. . ! Place.'] Those with the pale blue, and Time.] It flowers in the end of June, i those with the white flowers, grow in woods and in July. land orchards, by the hedge-sides, in divers Government and virtues.] Here is another! places of this land ; but those with the pur- martial herb for you, make mueh of it. j pie flowers, in gardens only. Pliny and Paulus iEgineta say, that Pep-; Time.] They flower in March and April, perwort is very successful for the sciatica, { Government and virtues.] Venus owns or any other gout or pain in the joints, or {this herb, and saith, That the leaves eaten any other inveterate grief: The leaves {by man and wife together, cause love be- AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 130 tween them. The Periwinkle is a great ] binder, stays bleeding both at mouth and \ nose, if some of the leaves be chewed. j The French used it to stay women’s courses. \ Dioscorides, Galen, and iEgineta, com¬ mend it against the lasks and fluxes of the ] belly to be drank in wine. \ ST. PETERS WORT.lj/, f If Superstition had not been the father ] of Tradition, as well as Ignorance the] Mother of Devotion, this herb, (as well as $ St. John’s Wort) hath found some other] name to be known by; but we may say of] our forefcithefg, as St. Paul of the Athenians, j I perceive in many things you are too super- ] stitious. Yet seeing it is come to pass,] that custom having got in possession, pleads prescription for the name, I shall let it pass, and come to the description of] the herb, which take as follows. ] Descript .] It rises up with square up- ] right stalks for the most part, some greater 1 and higher than St. John’s Wort (and good * reason too, St. Peter being the greater] apostle, (ask the Pope else;) for though' God would have the saints equal, the Pope s is of another opinion,) but brown in the ? same manner, having two leaves at every ] joint, somewhat like, but larger, than St. ] John’s Wort, and a little rounder pointed, $ with few or no holes to be seen thereon, and j having sometimes some smaller leaves rising ] from the bosom of the greater, and some-jj times a little hairy also. At the tops of two'] stalks stand many star-like flowers, with] yellow threads in the middle, very like | those of St. John’s Wort, insomuch that! this is hardly discerned from it, but only by \ the largeness and height, the seed beino-’ alike also in both. The root sending forth new shoots every year. Place.'] It grows in many groves, and \ small low woods, in divers places of this] land, as in Kent, Huntingdon, Cambridge*! \ ( 13 , 14 .) O ; abides long, \ and Northamptonshire; as also near water¬ courses in other places. Time.] It flowers in June and July, and the seed is ripe in August. Government and virtues.] There is not a straw to choose between this and St. John’s Wort, only 'St. Peter must have it, lest he should want pot herbs; It is of the same property of St. John’s Wort, but some¬ what weaker, and therefore more seldom used. Two drams of the seed taken at a time in honied water, purges choleric humours, (as saith Dioscorides, Pliny, and Galen,) and thereby helps those that are troubled with the sciatica. The leaves are used as St. John’s Wort, to help those places of the body that have been burnt with fire. PIMPERNEL. JE. &0 Descript.] Common Pimpernel hath divers weak square stalks lying on the ground, beset all with two small and almost round leaves at every joint, one against another, very like Chick weed, but hath no foot-stalks ; for the leaves, as it were, com- pase the stalk. The flowers stand singly each by themselves at them and the stalk, consistingof five small round-pointed leaves, of a pale red colour, tending to an orange, with so many threads in the middle, in whose places succeed smooth round heads, where¬ in is contained small seed. The root is small and fibrous, perishing every year. Place.] It grows almost every where, as well in the meadows and corn-fields, as by the way-sides, and in gardens, arising of itself. Time.] It flowers from May until April, and the seed ripens in the mean time, and falls. Government and virtues .] It is a gallant solar herb, of a cleansing attractive quality, whereby it draws forth thorns or splinters, or other such like things gotten into the flesh ; and put up into the nostrils, purge# o o 140 THE COMPLETE HERBAL the head ; and Galen saith also, they have \ along among the leaves; after which come a drying faculty, whereby they are good to ; small and round husks. The root is small solder the lips of wounds, and to cleanse: and woody, perishing every year, foul ulcers. The distilled water or juice is I Placed] It grows more plentifully in much esteemed the skin from mity, or discolour in wine and given to drink, it is a good \ Rochester, and upon Chatham down, hard remedy against the plague, and other pes- \ by the Beacon, and half a mile from lilential fevers, if the party after taking it j Rochester, in a field near a house called be warm in his bed, and sweat for two > Selesys. hours after, and use the same for twice at \ Time.'] It flowers and gives seed in the least. It helps also all stingings and j Summer months. bitings of venomous beasts, or mad dogs, 1 Government and virtues.] Mars owns the being used inwardly, and applied outward- j herb. The decoction of Ground Pine ly. The same also opens obstructions of drank, doth wonderfully prevail against the the liver, and is very available against the * stranguary, or any inward pains arising infirmities of the reins : It provokes urine, j from the diseases of the reins and urine, and helps to expel the stone and gravel \ and is especially good for all obstructions of out of the kidneys and bladder, and helps 1 the liver and spleen, and gently opens much in all inward pains and ulcers. The \ the body ; for which purpose they were decoction, or distilled water, is no less ef- j wont in former times to make pills with the fectual to be applied to all wounds that are j powder thereof, and the pulp of figs. It fresh and green, or old, filthy, fretting, and \ marvellously helps all the diseases of the running ulcers, which it very effectually [mother, inwardly or outwardly applied, cures in a short space. A little mixed S procuring women’s courses, and expelling with the juice, and dropped into the eyes, j the dead child and after-birth ; yea, it is so cleanses [them from cloudy mists, or thick \ powerful upon those feminine parts, that it films which grow over them, and hinder j is utterly forbidden for women with child, the sight. It helps the tooth-ache, being \ for it will cause abortion or delivery before dropped into the ear on a contrary side of j the time. The decoction of the herb in the pain. It is also effectual to ease the j wine taken inwardly, or applied outwardly, pains of the haemorrhoids or piles. Sor both, for some time together, is also 1 effectual in all pains and diseases of the 2 . 3 . 'joints, as gouts, cramps, palsies, sciatica,and Descript.] Our common Ground Pine laches; for which purpose the pills made grows low, seldom rising above a hand’s 1 with powder of Ground Pine, and of Her- breadlh high, shooting forth divers small \ modactyls with Venice Turpentine are very branches, set with slender, small, long, nar- j effectual. The pills also, continued for row, greyish, or whitish leaves, somewhat j some time, are special good for those that hairy, and divided into three parts, many!have the dropsy,' jaundice, and for griping bushing together at a joint, some growing j pains of the joints, belly, or inward parts, scatteringly upon the stalks, smelling some- j It helps also all diseases of the brain, pro- what strong, like unto rozin: The flowers j ceeding of cold and phlegmatic humours are small, and of a pale yellow colour, j and distillations, as also for the falling sick- growing from the joint of the stalk all j ness. It is a special remedy for the poison AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 141 of the aconites, and other poisonous herbs, j from the head, and stays all manner of as also against the stinging ol any veno- j fluxes, even women's courses, whenlhey nious creature. It is a good remedy for a j flow too abundantly. It is good to stay cold cough, especially in the beginning, j spitting of blood and other bleedings at the I . m _. II X I . .—v . .. m — .. X- .-w ■. n . 1 •! l . •—. I /-v 'i ■ l-v y k i ■ 4 1 % /\ -J L . v \ A r\ I r i * A r v* / \ 4 / \ ill * A v~\ / I I \ I / A /\ /■ I If For all the purposes aforesaid, the herb j mouth, or the making of foul and bloody being tunned up in new drink and drank,} water, by reason of any ulcer in the reins is almost as effectual, but far more accepta-j or bladder, and also stays the too free ble to weak and dainty stomachs. The j bleeding of wounds. It is held an especial distilled water of the herb hath the same! remedy for those that are troubled with the effects, but more weakly. The conserve \ phthisic, or consumption of the lungs, or of the flowers doth the like, which Mat-juicers of the lungs, or coughs that come of thiolus much commends against the palsy. \ heat. The decoction or powder of the The green herb, or the decoction thereof, j roots or seeds, is much more binding for all being applied, dissolves the harhness of j the purposes aforesaid than the leaves, women's breasts, and all other hard swell- j Dioscorides saith, that three roots boiled in ings in any other part of the body. The} wine and taken, helps the tertain agues, and green herb also applied, or the juice thereof} for the quartan agues, (but letting the num- with some honey, not only cleanses putrid,} ber pass as fabulous) I conceive the decoc- stinking, foul, and malignant ulcers and } Lion of divers roots may be effectual. The sores of all sorts, but heals and solders up {herb (but especially the seed) is heldto be the lips of green wounds in any part also.! profitable against the dropsy, the falling- Let pregnant women forbear, for it works S sickness, the yellow jaundice, and stoppings *1 . 1 _ if r ^ m-v *-v *lm Krrnv mifl mine Tim rnr\te r\ f Plan- violently upon the feminine part. PLANTAIN.?, £3. This grows usually in meadows {of the liver and reins. The roots of Plan- jtain, and Pellitory of Spain, beaten into \ powder, and put into the hollow teeth, takes ^ in meadows and j away the pains 'of them. The clarified fields, and by path sides, and is so well j juice, or distilled water, dropped into the known, that it needs no description. $ eyes, cools the inflammations in them, and Time.'] It is in its beauty about June, j takes away the pin and web; and dropped and the seed ripens shortly after. j into the ears, eases the pains in them, and Government and virtues.] It is true, Mis- j helps and removes the heat. The same aldus and others, yea, almost all astrology- j also with the juice of Houseleck is profitable physicians, hold this to be an herb of Mars, \ against all inflammations and breakings out because it cures the diseases of the head } of the skin, and against burnings and scakl- and privities, which are under the houses; ings by fire and water. The juice or de- of Mars, Aries, and Scorpio : The truth is, } coction made either of itself, or other things it is under the command of Venus, and j of the like nature, is of much use and good cures the head by antipathy to Mars, and j effect for old and hollow ulcers that are hard the privities by sympathy to Venus; neither t to be cured, and lor cankers and sores in is there hardly a martial disease but it j the mouth or privy parts of man or woman; cures. \ and helps also the pains of the piles in the The juice of Plantain clarified and drank { fundament. The juice mixed with oil of for divers days together, either of itself, or} roses, and the temples and forehead anoint- in other drink, prevails wonderfully against} ed therewith, eases the pains of the head all torments or excoriations in the intestines} proceeding from heat, and helps lunatic or bowels, helps the distillations of rheum{ and frantic persons very much; as also the 142 THE COMPLETE HERBAL biting of serpents, or a mad dog. The \ stone. The gum or leaves boiled in vine- same also is profitably applied to all hot \ gar, and applied, Jkills tetters and ring- gouts in the feet or hands, especially in the 1 worms. Matthiolus saith, The oil pre- begifming. It is also good to be applied j served out of the kernels of the stones, as where any bone is out of joint, to hinder toil of almonds is made, is good against the inflammations, swellings, and pains that! inflamed piles, the tumours or swellings of presently rise thereupon. The powder oft ulcers, hoarseness of the voice, roughness the dried leaves taken in drink, kills worms tof the tongue and throat, and likewise the of the belly ; and boiled in wine, kills \ pains in the ears. And that five ounces worms that breed in old and foul ulcers. \ of the said oil taken with one ounce of mus- One part of Plantain water, and two parts t kadel, drives forth the stone, and helps the of the brine of powdered beef, boiled j cholic, together and clarified, is a most sure remedy | to heal all spreading scabs or itch in the ^ polifody^op^the oak. head and body, all manner of tetters, ring- j Descript.~\ This is a small herb consist- worms, the shingles, and all other running 5 ing of nothing but roots and leaves, bearing and fretting sores. Briefly, the Plantains j neither stalk, flower, nor seed, as it is are singularly good wound herbs, to heal x thought. It hath three or four leaves fresh or old wounds or sores, either inward arising from the root, every one single by or outward PLUMS. \ itself, of about a hand length, are winged, * oAncichnn. G f ma ny small narrow leaves ^ consisting \ cut into the middle rib, standing on each Are so well known that they need no x side of the stalk, large below, and smaller description. I up to the top, not dented nor notched at Government and virtues,~] All Plums are x the edges at all, as the male fern hath, of under Venus, and are like women, some \ sad green colour, and smooth on the upper better, and some worse. As there is great x side, but on the other side somewhat rough diversity of kinds, so there is in the opera -1 by reason of some yellowish flowers set tion of Plums, for some that are sweet j thereon. The root is smaller than one's moistens the stomach, and make the belly j little finger, lying aslope, or creeping along soluble ; those that are sour quench thirst! under the upper crust of the earth, brown- more, and bind the belly ; the moist and! ish on the outside and greenish within, of waterish do sooner corrupt in the stomach, j a sweetish harshness in taste, set with cer- but the firm do nourish more, and offend \ tain rough knags on each side thereof, less. The dried fruit sold by the grocers i having also much mossiness or yellow hair- under the names of Damask Prunes, do j iness upon it, and some fibres underneath it, somewhat loosen the belly, and ' being! whereby it is nourished, stewed, are often used, both in health and ; Placed] It grows as well upon old rotten sickness, to relish the mouth and stomach, \ stumps, or trunks of trees, as oak, beech, to procure appetite, and a little to open \ hazel, willow, or any other, as in the woods the body, allay choler, and cool the! under them, and upon old mud walls, as stomach. x Plum-tree leaves boiled in wine, \ also in mossy, stony, and gravelly places are good to wash and gargle the mouth and i near unto wood. That which grows upon to dry the flux of rheum coming to j oak is accounted the best; but the quantity palate, gums, or almonds of the ear. j thereof is scarce sufficient for the common The!*gum of the.'tree is good to break the ! use. throat the ' c AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 143 * Time.'] It being always green, may be l doth much help it; and applied also to the gathered for use at any time. j nose, cures the disease called Polypus, which Government and virtues.] Polypodium of I is a piece of flesh growing therein, which the Oak, that which grows upon the earth j in time stops the passage of breath through is best; it is an herb of Saturn, to purge I that nostril; and it helps those clefts or melancholy ; if the humour be otherwise, j chops that come between the fingers or chuse you Pol vpodium accordingly. Meuse} toes. (who is called the physician’s Evangelist for j the certainty of his medicines, and the; truth of his opinion) saith, That it dries up? thin humours, digests thick and tough, and : purges burnt choler, and especially tough: and thick phlegm, and thin phlegm also, \ even fropi the joints, and therefore good for | those that are troubled with melancholy, or j quartan agues, especially if it be taken in : whey or honied water, or in barley-water, j or the broth of -a chicken with Epithymum, 5 or with Beets and Mallows. It is good for j the hardness of the spleen, and for pricking j or stitches in the sides, as also for the cholic :: Some use to put to it some Eennel seeds, or j Annise seeds, or Ginger, to correct that* loathing it brings to the stomach, which is; more than needs, it being a safe and gentle j medicine, fit for all persons, which daily \ experience confirms; and an ounce of it; may be given at a time in a decoction, if J there be not Sena, or some other strong: purger put with it. A dram or two of the: powder of the dried roots, taken fasting in j a cup of honied water, works gently, and J for the purposes aforesaid. The distilled j water, both of roots and leaves, is much \ commended for the quartan ague, to be | taken for many days together, as also: against melancholy, or fearful and trouble-: some sleeps or dreams; and with some! sugar-cancly dissolved therein, is good: against the cough, shortness of breath, and i wheczings, and those distillations of thin \ rheum upon the lungs, which cause phthi-j sicks, and oftentimes consumptions. The; fresh roots beaten small, or the powder of j the dried roots mixed with honey, and ap-: plied to the member that is out of joint,; (15, 10.) THE POPLAR There are two sorts of Poplars, which are most familiar with us, viz. the Black and White, both which I shall here des¬ cribe unto you. Descript.] The White Poplar grows great, and reasonably high, covered with thick, smooth, white bark, especially the branches; having long leaves cut into several divisions almost like a vine leaf, but not of so deep a green on the upper side, and hoary white underneath, of a reason¬ able good scent, the whole form represent¬ ing the form of Coltsfoot. The catkins which it brings forth before the leaves, are long, and of a faint reddish colour, which fall away, bearing seldom good seed with them. The wood hereof is smooth, soft, and white, very finely waved, whereby it is much esteemed. The Black Poplar grows higher and straighter than the White, with a greyish bark, bearing broad green leaves, somewhat like ivy leaves, not cut in on the edges like the White, but w r hole and dented, ending in a point, and not white underneath, hang¬ ing by slender long foot stalks, which with the air are continually shaken, like as the Aspen leaves are. The catkins hereof are greater than those of the White, composed of many round green berries, as if they were set together in a long cluster, contain¬ ing much downy matter, which being ripe, is blown away with the wind. The clammy buds hereof, before they spread into leaves, are gathered to make Unguentum and Populneum, and are of a yellowish green colour, and somewhat small, sweet, but p P THE COMPLETE HERBAL 144 _ strong. The wood is smooth, tough, and \ the White and Black of the Garden, and whiteT and easy to he cloven. On both 1 the Erratic Wild Poppy, or Corn Rose, these 5 trees grows a sweet kind of musk, j Descript. The White Poppy hath at which in former times was used to put into \ first four or five whitish green leaves lying sweet ointments. 1 upon the ground, which rise with the stalk, Place.] They grow in moist woods, and \ compassing it at the bottom of them, and by water-sides in sundry places of this land; | are very laige, much cut oi toin on the yet the While is not so frequent as the other. j edges, and dented also besides : The stalk, 'Tirnt.] Their time is likewise expressed j which is usually four or five feet high, hath before: The catkins coming forth before \ sometimes no branches at the top, and* the leaves in the end of Summer. \ usually but two or three at most, bearing Government and virtues.] Saturn hath j every one but one head wrapped up in a dominion over both. White Poplar, saith i thin skin, which bows down before it is Galen, is of a cleansing property: The]ready to blow, and then rising, apd being- weight of an ounce in powder, of the bark \ broken, the flowers within it spreading itself thereof, being drank, saith Dioscorides, is j open, and consisting of four very large, a remedy for those that are troubled with j white, round leaves, with many whitish the sciatica, or the stranguary. The juice j round threads in the middle, set about a of the leaves dropped warm into the ears, j small, round, green head, having a crown, eases the pains in them. The " young j or star-like cover at the head thereof, which clammy buds or eyes, before they break growing ripe, becomes as large as a great out into leaves, bruised, and a little honey apple, wherein are contained a great num- put to them, is a good medicine for a dulljber of small round seeds, in several par- sight. The Black Poplar is held to bejtions or divisions next unto the shell, the more cooling than the White, and therefore | middle thereof remaining hollow, and the leaves bruised with vinegar and applied, | empty. The whole plant, both leaves, help the gout. The seed drank in vinegar, \ stalks, and heads, while they are fresh, is held good against the falling-sickness. \ young, and green, yield a milk when they The water that drops from the hollow places tare broken, of an unpleasant bitter taste, of this tree, takes away warts, pushes, j almost ready to provoke casting, and of a wheals, and other the like breakings-out oft strong heady smell, which being condensed, the body. The young Black Poplar buds, Us called Opium. The root is white and saith Matthiolus, are much used by women t woody, perishing as soon as it hath given to beautify their hair, bruising them with t ripe seed. fresh butter, straining them after they have: The Black Poppy little differs from the been kept for some time in the sun. The \ former, until it bears its flower, which is ointment called Populneon, which is made * somewhat less, and of a black purplish of this Poplar, is singularly good for all \ colour, but without any purple spots in the heat and inflammations in any part of the \ bottom of the leaf. The head of the seed body, and tempers the heat'of wounds. It $ is much less than the former, and opens is much used to dry up the milk of women's 1 itself a little round about the top, under breasts when they have weaned their * the crown, so that the seed, which is very children. - black, will fall out, if one turn the head j thereof downward. rorp\. t. 2 . 2 >. j The wild Poppy, or Corn Rose, hath long Of this I shall describe three kinds, viz. land narrow leaves, very much cut in ou the AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 145 edges into many divisions, of a light green j colour, sometimes hairy withal. The stalk j the Moon. The garden Poppy heads with seeds made into a syrup, is frequently, and is blackish and hairy also, but not so tall as 5 to good effect used to procure rest, and sleep, in the sick and weak, and to stay catarrhs and defluxions of thin rheums the garden kind, having some such like leaves thereon to grow below, parted into three or four branches sometimes, whereon \ from the head into the stomach and lungs, grow small hairy heads bowing down be- \ fore the skin break, wherein the flower is j inclosed, which when it is fully blown open, ; s is of a fair yellowish red or crimson colour,! and in some much paler, without any spot! in the bottom of the leaves, having many's black soft threads in the middle, compass- \ ing a small green head, which when it is: ripe, is not bigger than one’s little finger’s i end, wherein is contained much black seed, * smaller than that of the garden. The root* perishes every year, and springs again of* its own sowing. Of this kind there is one* lesser in all the parts thereof, and differs in* nothing else. ? Place.'] The garden kinds do not natu- * rally grow wild in any place, but all are j sown in gardens where they grow. The Wild Poppy or Corn Rose, is plen¬ tifully enough, and many times too much so \ in the corn fields of all counties through this * land, and also upon ditch banks, and by* hedge sides. The smaller wild kind is also; found in corn fields, and also in some? other places, but not so plentifully as the j former. j Time.] The garden kinds are usually $ sown in the spring, which then flower about * the end of May, and somewhat earlier, if* they spring of their own sowing. * The wild kind flower usually from May \ until July, and the seed of them is ripe soon * after the flowerin g. \ Government and virtues.] The herb is | Lunar, and of the juice of it is made opium; * only for lucre of money they cheat you, * and tell you it is a kind of tear, or some* such like thing, that drops from Poppies | when they weep, and that is somewhere \ beyond the seas, 1 know not where beyond \ causing a continual cough, the fore-runner of a consiftn*plion ; it helps also hoarseness of the throat, and when one hath lost their voice, which the oil of the seed doth like¬ wise. The black seed boiled in wine, and drank, is said also to stay the flux of the belly, and women’s courses. The empty shells, or poppy heads, are usually boiled in water, and given to procure rest and sleep : so doth the leaves in the same man¬ ner; as also if the head and temples be bathed with the decoction warm, or with the oil of Poppies, the green leaves or the heads bruised, and applied with a little vinegar, or made into a poultice with barley- meal or hog’s grease, cools and tempers all inflammations, as also the disease called St. Anthony’s fire. It is generally used in treacle and mithridate, and in all other medicines that are made to procure rest and sleep, and to ease pains in the head as well as in other parts. It is also used to cool inflammations, agues, or frenzies, or to stay defluxions which cause a cough, or consumption, and also other fluxes of the belly or women’s courses; it is also put into hollow teeth, to ease the pain, and hath been found by experience to ease the pains of the gout. The Wild Poppy, or Corn Rose (as Mat- thiolus saith) is good to prevent the falling¬ sickness. The syrup made with the flower, is with good effect given to those that have the pleurisy; and the dried flowers also, either boiled in water, or made into powder and drank, either in the distilled water of them, or some other drink, works the like effect. Tffe distilled water of the flowers is held to "be of much good use against surfeits, being drank evening and morning: 146 THE COMPLETE HERBAL It is also more cooling than any of the j parts where pushes, wheals, pimples, St. other Poppies, and therefore cannot but } Anthony's fire and the like, break forth; be as effectual in hot agues, frenzies, and j if a little vinegar be put to it, and laid to other inflammations either inward or out- ; the neck, with as much of galls and linseed ward. Galen saith, The seed is dangerous \ together, it takes away the pains therein, to be used inwardly. \ and the crick in the neck. The juice is \ used with oil of roses for the same causes, l’URSLAiN.ZE^f lor for blasting by lightning, and burnings Garden Purslain (being used as a sal- \ by gunpowder, or for womens sore breasts, lad herb) is so well known that it needs no \ and to allay the heat in all other sores or description; I shall therefore only speak of; hurts ; applied also to the navels of chil- its virtues as follow. ; dren that stick forth, it helps them; it is Government and virtues .] J Tis an herb of; also good for sore mouths and gums that the Moon. It is good to cool any heat in ? are swollen, and to fasten loose teeth, the liver, blood, reins, and stomach, and in ; Camerarius saith, the distilled water used hot agues nothing better: It stays hot and \ by some, took away the pain of their teeth, choleric fluxes of the belly, women’s courses, | when all other remedies tailed, and the the whites, and gonorrhoea, or running of; thickened juice made into pills with the the reins, the distillation from the head, 1 powder of gum Tragacanth and Arabic, and pains therein proceeding from heat, \ being taken, prevails much to help those want of sleep, or the frenzy. The seed is j that make bloody water. Applied to the more effectual than the herb, and is of sin- \ gout it eases pains thereof, and helps the gularly good use to cool the heat and sharp- j hardness of the sinews, if it come not of the ness of urine, venereous dreams, and the: cramp, or a cold cause, like: insomuch that the over frequent use; not hereof extinguishes the heat and virtue of; natural procreation. The seed bruised and ) They are so well known, that they need boiled in wine, and given to children, ex- ; no description. Of the leaves of Primroses pels the worms. The juice of the herb is ; is made as fine a salve to heal wounds as held as effectual to all the purposes afore- j any that 1 know; you shall be taught to said ; as also to stay vomitings, and taken } make salves of any herb at the latter end of with some sugar or honey, helps an old and i the book: make this as you are taught dry cough, shortness of breath, and theVthere, and do not (you that have any in- phthisick, and stays immoderate thirst, i genuity in you) see your poor neighbours The distilled water of the herb is used by $ go with wounded limbs when an halfpenny many (as the more pleasing) with a little; cost will heal them, sugar to work the same effects. The juice| privet s.2_ also is singularly good in the inflammations * and ulcers in the secret parts of man or; Descript .] Our common Privet is carri- woman, as also the bowels and haemorrhoids, 1 ed up with many slender branches to a when they are ulcerous, or excoriations in j reasonable height and breadth, to cover them. The herb bruised and applied to the j arbours, bowers and banquetting houses, forehead and temples, allays excessive heat i and brought, wrought, and cut into so many therein, that hinders rest and sleep; and ; forms, of men, horses, birds, &c. which, applied to the eyes, takes away the redness $ though at first supported, grows afterwards and inflammation in them, and those other j strong of itself. It bears long and narrow AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 147 green leaves by tlie couples, and sweet \ (as Agrimony hath) somewhat deeply dented smelling white flowers in tufts at the end of \ about the edges, of a sad green colour on the branches, which turn into small black j the upper side, and greyish underneath, berries that have a purplish juice with them, \ of a pretty sharp scent and taste, somewhat and some seeds that are flat on the one j like unto the Burnet, and a leaf hereof put side, with a hole or dent therein. \ into a cup of claret wine, gives also a fine Place.] It grows in this land, in divers \ relish to it. At the tops of the stalks and \ branches stand many tufts of small white Our Privet flowers in June and \ flowers thrust thick together, which smell woods Time.] July, the in August and \ much sweeter than the leaves ; and in their | places, being fallen, come crooked and seed. berries are ripe September. Government and virtues.] The Moon is j cornered seed. The root is somewhat lady of this. It is little used in physic with $ woody, and blackish on the outside, and us in these times, more than in lotions, to brownish within,-with divers great strings, wash sores and sore mouths, and to coolj and lesser fibres set thereat, of a strong scent, inflammations, and dry up fluxes. Yet \ but nothing so pleasant as the flowers and Matthiolus saith, it serves all the uses for Heaves, and perishes not, but abides many which Cypress, or the East Privet, is ap- \ years, shooting forth a-new every Spring, pointed by Dioscorides and Galen. Hej Place.] It grows in moist meadows further saith, That the oil that is made of j that lie mostly wet, or near the courses of the flowers of Privet infused therein, and \ water. set in the Sun," is singularly good for the in- i Ti/ne.] It flowers in some places or flammations of wounds, and for the head- \ other all the three Summer months, that is, ache, coming of a hot cause. There is a* June, July, and August, and the seed is sweet water also distilled from the flowers, j ripe soon after. that is good for all those diseases that need \ Government and virtues.] Venus claims cooling anti drying, and therefore helps all j dominion over the herb. It is used to stay fluxesof the belly or stomach, bloody-fluxes, 1 all manner of bleedings, fluxes, vomitings, and women’s courses, being either drank orjand women's courses, also their whites: applied ; as all those that void blood at the \ It is said to alter and take away the fits of mouth, or any other place, and for distilla-1 the quartan agues, and to make a merry tions of rheum in the eyes, especially if it j heart, for which purpose some be used with them. !fln, * ,oro °" rl \ flowers, and some the leaves. { speedily those that are troubled use the It helps with the QUEEN" OF THE SWEET, OR IP, meadows, meadow 1 cholic ; being boiled in wine, and with a mead sweet. 4 little honey, taken warm, it opens the belly; >• ' | but boiled in red wine, and drank, it stays Descript.] The stalks of these are red- $the flux of the bellj r . Outwardly applied, dish, rising to be three feet high, sometimes \ it helps old ulcers that are cankerous, or four or five feet, having at the joints thereof! hollow fistulous, for which it is by many large winged leaves, standing one above: much commended, as also for the sores in another at distances, consisting of many ! the mouth or secret parts. The leaves when and somewhat broad leaves, set on each j they are full grown, being laid on the skin, side of a middle rib, being hard, rough, or | will, in a short time, raise blisters thereon, rugged, crumpled much like unto elm leaves, | as Tragus saith. The water thereof helps having also some smaller leaves with them j the heat and imflammation in the eyes. (15, Ifl.) Q Q 148 THE COMPLETE HERBAL THE QUINCE TREE. J?, Zb, Descript.] The ordinary Quince Tree grows often to the height and bigness of a reasonable apple tree, but more usually lower, and crooked, with a rough bark, spreading arms, and branches far abroad. The leaves are somewhat like those of the apple tree, but thicker, broader, and full of veins, and whiter on the under side, not dented at all about the edges. The flowers are large and white, sometimes dashed over with a blush. The fruit that follows is yel¬ low, being near ripe, and covered with a white freeze, or cotton; thick set on the younger, and growing less as they grow to be thorough ripe, bunched out oftentimes in some places, some being like an apple, and some a pear, of a strong heady scent, and not durable to keep, and is sour, harsh, and of an unpleasant taste to eat fresh; but being scalded, roasted, baked, or pre¬ served, becomes more pleasant. Place and Time.] It best likes to grow near ponds and water sides, and is frequent through this land : and flowers not until the leaves be come forth. The fruit is ripe in September or October. Government and virtues.'] Old Saturn owns the Tree. Quinces when they are green, help all sorts of fluxes in men or women, and choleric lasks, casting, and whatever needs astriction, more than any way prepared by fire ; yet the syrup of the juice, or the conserve, are much conducible, much of the binding quality being con¬ sumed by the fire; if a little vinegar be added, it stirs up the languishing appetite, and the stomach given to casting; some spices being added, comforts and strengthens the decaying and fainting spirits, and helps the liver oppressed, that it cannot perfect the digestion, or corrects choler and phlegm. It you would have them purging, put honey t > them instead of sugar ; and if more laxa¬ tive, for choler, Rhubarb; for phlegm, Tur- bith; for watery humours, Scammony; but if more forcible to bind, use the unripe Quinces, with roses and acacia, hypocistis, and some torrefied rhubarb. To take the crude juice of Quinces, is held a preserva¬ tive against the force of deadly poison ; for it hath been found most certainly true, that the very smell of a Quince hath taken away all the strength of the poison of white Helle¬ bore. If there be need of any outwardly binding and cooling of hot fluxes, the oil of Quinces, or other medicines that may be made thereof, are very available to anoint the belly or other parts therewith ; it like¬ wise strengthens the stomach and belly, and the sinews that are loosened by sharp humours falling on them, and restrains immoderate sweatings. Themuscilage taken from the seeds of Quinces, and boiled in a little water, is very good to cool the heat and heal the sore breasts of women. The same, with a little sugar, is good to lenify the harshness and hoarseness of the throat, and roughness of the tongue. The cotton or down of Quinces boiled and applied to plague sores, heals them up: and laid as a plaister, made up with wax, it brings hair to them that are bald, and keeps it from falling, if it be ready to shed. R ADD IS II, OR IIORSE-R ADDISII. ' " 24 . The garden Raddish is so well known, that it needs no description. Descript.] The Horse-Raddish hath its first leaves, that rise before Winter, about a foot and a half long, very much cut in or torn on the edges into many parts, of a dark green colour, with a great rib in the middle; after these have been up a while, others follow, which are greater, rougher, broader and longer, whole and not divided at first, but only somewhat rougher dented about the edges : the stalks when it bears flowers (which is seldom) is great, rising up with some few lesser leaves thereon, to three or four feet high, spreading at the top many AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 149 small branches of whitish flowers, made of four leaves a-piece ; after which come small pods, like those of Shepherd's Purse, but seldom with any seed in them. The root is great, long, white and rugged, shooting up divers heads of leaves, which may be parted for increase, but it doth not creep in the ground, nor run above ground, and is of a strong, sharp, and bitter taste almost like mustard. Place.] It is found wild in some places, but is chiefly planted in gardens, and joys in moist and shadowy places. Time.] It seldom flowers, but when it doth, it is in July. Government and virtues .] They are both under Mars. The juice of Horse-raddish given to drink, is held to be very effectual for the scurvy. It kills the worms in chil¬ dren, being drank, and also laid upon the belly. The root bruised and laid to the place grieved with the sciatica, joint-ache, or the hard swellings of the liver and spleen, doth wonderfully help them all. The dis¬ tilled water of the herb and root is more familiar to be taken with a little sugar for ail the purposes aforesaid. Garden Rad dishes are in wantonness by the gentry eaten as a sallad, but they breed but scurvy humours in the stomach, and corrupt the blood, and then send fora phy¬ sician as fast as you can ; this is one cause which makes the owners of such nice palates so unhealthful; yet for such as are troubled with the gravel, stone, or stoppage of urine, they are good physic, if the body be strong that takes them ; you may make the juice of the roots into a syrup if you please, for that use: they purge by urine exceedingly. RAGWORT. 3 s It is called also St. James’-wort, and Stagger-wort, and Stammer-wort, and Se- 05 7 grum. Descript. ] The greater common Ragwort hath many large and long, dark green leaves lying on the ground, very much rent and torn on the sides in many places : from among which rise up sometimes but one, and sometimes two or three square or crested blackish or brownish stalks, three or four feet high, sometimes branched, bearing divers such-like leaves upon them, at several distances upon the top, where it branches forth into many stalks bearing yellow flowers, consisting of divers leaves, set as a pale or border, with a dark yellow thrum in the middle, which do abide a great while,Tut at last are turned into down, and with the small blackish grey seed, are carried away with the wind. The root is made of many fibres, whereby it is firmly fastened into the ground, and abides many years. There is another sort thereof differs from the former only in this, that it rises not so high; the leaves are not so finely jagged, nor of so dark a green colour, but rather somewhat whitish, soft and woolly, and the flowers usually paler. Place.\ They grow, both of them, wild in pastures, and untilled grounds in many places, and oftentimes both in one field. Time.'] They flower in June and July, and the seed is ripe in August. Government and virtues.] Ragwort is under the command of Dame Venus, and cleanses, digests, and discusses. The de¬ coction of the herb is good to wash the mouth or throat that hath ulcers or sores therein: and for swellings, hardness, or imposthumes, for it thoroughly cleanses and heals them ; as also the quinsy, and the king’s evil. It helps to stay catarrhs, thin rheums, and defluxions from the head into the eyes, nose, or lungs. The juice is found by experience to be singularly good to heal green wounds, and to cleanse and heal all old and filthy ulcers in the privities, and in other parts of the body, as also inward wounds and ulcers ; stays the malignity of fretting and running cankers, and hollow 150 THE COMPLETE HERBAL and fistulas, not suffering them to spread far-; Place!] They grow in meadows ther. It is also much commended to help \ woods generally through this land, aches and pains either in the fleshy part, or; Time .] They are in flower from Mid¬ in the nerves and sinews, as also the sciatica, \ summer until August be past, sometimes, or pain of the hips or knuckle-bone, to \ Government and virtues .] They are both bathe the places with the decoction of the! of them under the dominion of the Moon, herb, or to anoint them with an ointment!The Red Rattle is accounted profitable to made of the herb bruised and boiled in old | heal up fistulas and hollow ulcers, and to hog’s suet, with some Mastick and Olibanum ; stay the flux of humours in them, as also in powder added unto it after it is strained \ the abundance of women’s courses, or any >other fluxes of blood, being boiled in red \ wine, and drank. s The yellow Rattle, or Cock’s Comb, is Op this there are two kinds which I shall! held to be good for those that are troubled forth. In Sussex we call it Ragweed. RATTLE GRASS. speak of, viz. the red and yellow. | with a cough, or dimness of sight, if the Descript .] The common Red Rattle hath \ herb, being boiled with beans, and some sundry reddish, hollow stalks, and some- \ honey put thereto, be drank or dropped into times green, rising from the root, lying for; the eyes. The whole seed being put into the most part on the ground, some growing;the eyes, draws forth any skin, dimness or more upright, with many small reddish or j film, from the sight, without trouble, or green leaves set on both sides of a middle; pain, rib, finely dented about the edges: The _„. lT flowers stand at the tops ot the stalks and 2 J - branches, of a fine purplish red colour, like; Descript. ] Common Rest Harrow rises small gaping hooks; after which come? up with divers rough woody twigs half a blackish seed in small husks, which lying j yard or a yard high, set at the joints‘without loose therein, will rattle with shaking. The j order, with little roundish leaves, sometimes root consists of two or three small 'whitish | more than two or three at a place, of a strings with some fibres thereat. \ dark green colour, without thorns while The common Yellow Rattle hath seldom \ they are young; but afterwards armed in above one round great stalk, rising from j sundry places, with short and sharp thorns, the foot, about half a yard, or two feet high, }The flowers come forth at the tops of the and but few branches thereon, having two;twigs and branches, whereof it is full long and somewhat broad leaves set at a J fashioned like pease or broom blossoms, but joint, deeply cut in on the edges, resembling; lesser, flatter, and somewhat closer, of a the comb of a cock, broadest next to the; faint purplish colour; after which come stalk, and smaller to the end. The flowers j small pods containing small, flat, round grow at the tops of the stalks, with some j seed: The root is blackish on the outside, shorter leaves with them, hooded after the; and whitish within, very rough, and hard same manner that the others are, but of a i to break \vhojf it is fresh and green, and as fair yellow colour, or in some paler, and in * hard as an horn when it is dried, thrusting some more white. The seed is contained \ down deep into the ground, and spreading in large husks, and being ripe, will rattle I likewise, every piece being apt to grow or make a noise with lying loose in them, j again if it be left in the ground. The root is small and slender, perishing i • Place .] It grows in many places of this every year, : land, as well in the arable as waste ground. AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 151 Time.] It flowers about the beginning t>r jniddle of July, and the seed is ripe in August. Government and virtues .] It is under the dominion of Mars. It is singularly good to provoke urine when it is stopped, and to break and drive forth the stone, which the powder of the bark of the root taken in wine perforins effectually. Matthiolus saith, The same helps the disease called Hernia Carnosa , the fleshy rupture, by taking the said powder for three months together con¬ stantly, and that it hath cured some which seemed incurable by any other means than by cutting or burning. The decoction thereof made with some vinegar, gargled in the mouth, eases the tooth-ache, especially when it comes of rheum ; and the said de¬ coction is very powerful to open obstruc¬ tions of the liver and spleen, and other parts. A distilled water in Balneo Maria, with four pounds of the root hereof first sliced small, and afterwards steeped in a gallon of Canary wine, is singularly good for all the purposes aforesaid, and to cleanse the urinary passages. The powder of the said root made into an electuary, or lozenges, with sugar, as also the bark of the fresh roots boiled tender, and afterwards beaten to a conserve with sugar, works the like effect. The powder of the roots strewed upon the brims of ulcers, or mixed with any other convenient thing, and applied, consumes the hardness, and causes them to heal the better. ROCKET. I v regard the Garden Rocket is rather used as a sallad herb than to any physical purposes, I shall omit it, and only speak of the common wild Rocket. The des¬ cription whereof take as follows. Descript.'] The common wild Rocket has longer and narrower leaves, much more divided into slender cuts and jags on both cult's the middle rib than the garden kinds (15, 10.) have; of a sad green colour, from among which rise up divers stalks two or three feet high, sometimes set with the like leaves, but smaller and smaller upwards, branched from the middle into divers stiff’ stalks, bearing sundry yellow flowers on them, made of four leaves a-piece, as the others are, which afterwards yield them small red¬ dish seed, in small long pods, of a more bitter and hot biting taste than the garden kinds, as the leaves are also. Placed It is found wild in divers places of this land. Time.] It flowers about June or July, and the seed is ripe in August. Government and virtues.] The wild Roc¬ kets are forbidden to be used alone, in re¬ gard their sharpness fumes into the head, causing aches and pains therein, and are less hurtful to hot and choleric persons, for fear of inflaming their blood, and therefore for such we may say a little doth but a little harm, for angry Mars rules them, and lie sometimes will be restive when he meets with fools. The wild Rocket is more strong and effectual to increase sperm and vene- rous qualities, whereunto all the seed is more effectual than the garden kind. It serves also to help digestion-, and provokes urine exceedingly. The seed is used to cure the biting of serpents, the scorpion, and the shrew mouse, and other poisons, and expels worms, and other noisome creatures that breed in the belly. The herb boiled or stewed, and some sugar put thereto, helps the cough in children, being taken often. The seed also taken in drink, takes away the ill scent of the arm-pits, increases milk in nurses, and wastes the spleen. The seed mixed with honey, and used on the face, cleanses the skin from morphew, and used with vinegar, takes away freckles and red¬ ness in the face, or other parts; and with the gall of an ox, it mends foul scars, black and blue spots, and the marks of the small¬ pox. it R 152 THE COMPLETE HERBAL WINTER-ROCKET, OR CRESS ES.U*. Descript .] WiNTER-Rocket, or Winter-5 Cresses, hath clivers somewhat large sad j green leaves lying upon the ground, torn or | cut in divers parts, somewhat like unto j Rocket or turnip leaves, with smaller pieces j next the bottom, and broad at the ends, \ which so abide all the Winter (if it spring \ up in Autumn, when it is used to be eaten) i from among which rise up divers small $ round stalks, full of branches, bearing man y \ small yellow flowers of four leaves a-piece, j after which come small pods, with reddish i seed in them. The root is somewhat stringy, j and perishes every year after the seed is i ripe. \ j Place.'] It grows of its own accord in j gardens and fields, by the way-sides, in \ divers places, and particularly in the next | pasture to the Conduit-head behind Gray's j Inn, that brings water to Mr. Lamb’s con- ; duit in Holborn. \ j- Time.] It flowers in May, seeds in June, \ and then perishes. 1 1 Government and virtues ] This is pro- \ fitable to provoke urine, to help stranguary, i and expel gravel and stone. It is good for \ the scurvy, and found by experience to be \ a singularly good wound herb to cleanse in- \ ward wounds ; the juice or decoction being; drank, or outwardly applied to wash foul! ulcers and sores, cleansing them by sharp-j ness, and hindering or abating the dead \ flesh from growing therein, and healing * them by their drying quality. j ROSES. f I hold it altogether needless to trouble! the reader with a description of any of these, \ since both the garden Roses, and the Roses j of the briars are well enough known : take 5 therefore the virtues of them as follows : * And first I shall begin with the kinds. Government and virtues.] What a pother \ 9 s gardenj have authors made with Roses ! What a racket have they kept? I shall add, red Roses are under Jupiter, Damask under Venus, White under the Moon, and Pro¬ vence under the King of France. The white and red Roses are cooling and dry¬ ing, and yet the white is taken to exceed the red in both the properties, but is seldom used inwardly in any medicine : The bit¬ terness in the Roses when they are fresh,, especially the juice, purges choler, and watery humours; but being dried, and that heat which caused the bitterness being con¬ sumed, they have then a binding and as¬ tringent quality : Those also Jiat are not full blown, do both cool and bind more than those that are full blown, and the white Rose more than the Red. The decoc¬ tion of red Roses made with wine and used, is very good for the head-ache, and pains in the eyes, ears, throat, and gums; as also for the fundament, the lower part of the belly and the matrix, being bathed or put into them. The same decoction with the Roses remaining in it, is profitably applied to the region of the heart to ease the in¬ flammation therein ; as also St. Anthony’s fire, and other diseases of the stomach. Being dried and beaten to powder, and taken in steeled wine or water, it helps to stay women’s courses. The yellow threads in the middle of the Roses (which are erroneously called the Rose Seed) being powdered and drank in the distilled water of Quinces, stays the overflowing of women’s courses, and doth wonderfully stay the de¬ ductions of rheum upon the gums and teeth, preserving them from corruption, and fastening them if they be loose, being washed and gargled therewith, and some vinegar of Squills added thereto. The heads with the seed being used in powder, or in a decoction, stays the lask and spitting of blood. Red Roses do strengthen the heart, the stomach and the liver, and the reten¬ tive faculty : They mitigate the pains that AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 15S arise from heat, assuage inflammations, \ of mastich, is very good for the gonorrhea, procure rest and sleep, stay both whites} and for the looseness of the humours in the and reds in women, the gonorrhea, or runn- j body. The old Conserve mixed with Aro- ing of the reins, and fluxes of the belly: the j maticum Rosarum, is a very good cordial juice of them doth purge and cleanse the j against faintings, swoonings, weakness, body from choler and phlegm. The husks \ and tremblings of the heart, strengthens, of the Roses, with the beards and nails of j both it and a weak stomach, helps digest the Roses, are binding and cooling, and thejtion, stays casting, and is a very good pre¬ distilled water of either of them is good for Cservative in the time of infection. The dry the heat and redness in the eyes, and to \ Conserve, which is called the Sugar of Roses, stay and dry up the rheums and watering; is a very good-cordial to strengthen the of them. Of the Red Roses are usually made j heart and spirits; as also to stay defluc- many compositions, all serving to sundry j tions. The syrup of dried red Roses good uses, viz. Electuary of Roses, Con- ^ strengthens a stomach given to casting, serve, both moist and dry, which is more j cools an over-heated liver, and the blood in usually called Sugar of roses, Syrup of dry j agues, comforts the heart, and resists putre- Roses, and Honey of Roses. The cordial j faction and infection, and helps to slay powder called JDiarrhoden Abbaiis , and j lasks and fluxes. Honey of Roses is much Aromatka Rosarum. The distilled Water of j used in gargles and lotions to wash sores, Roses, Vinegar of Roses, Ointment, and Oil j either in the mouth, throat, or other parts, of Roses, and the Rose leaves dried, are of! both to cleanse and heal them, and to stay great use and effect. To writeatlargeof every \ the fluxes of humours falling upon them, one of these, would make my book smell j It is also used in clysters both to cool and too big, it being sufficient for a volume of cleanse. The cordial powders, called itself, to speak fully of them. But briefly,; Diarrhoden Abbatis and Aromaticum Ro- the Electuary is purging, whereof two or j sarum, do comfort and strengthen the heart three drams taken by itself in some con- j and stomach, procure an appetite, help venienl liquor, is a purge sufficient for a* digestion, stay vomiting, and are very good weak constitution, but may be increased to : for those that have slippery bowels, to six drams, according to the strength of the j strengthen them, and to dry up their mois- patient. It purges choler without trouble, | ture. Red Rose-water is well known, and it is good in hot fevers, and pains of the \ of familiar use on all occasions, and better head arising from hot choleric humours, \ than Damask Rose-water,beingcooling and and heat in the eyes, the jaundice also, and j cordial, refreshing, quickening the weak joint-aches proceeding of hot humours, j and faint spirits, used either in meats or The moist Conserve is of much use, both \ broths, to wash the temples, to smell at the binding and cordial; for until it be about: nose, or to smell the sweet vapours thereof two years old, it is more binding than j out of a perfuming pot, or cast into a hot cordial, and after that, more cordial than \ fire shovel. It is also of much good use binding. Some of the younger Conserve j against the redness and inflammations of the taken with mithridate mixed together, is \ eyes to bathe them therewith, and the tern- good for those that are troubled with dis-spies of the head ; as also against pain and filiations of rheum from the brain to the i ache, for which purpose also Vinegar of nose, and deductions of rheum into the j Roses is-of much good use, and to procure eyes; as also for fluxes and lasks of the‘rest and sleep, if some thereof, and Rose- belly ; and being mixed with the powder \ water together, be used to smell unto, or the 154 THE COMPLETE HERBAL nose and temples moistened therewith, but ; pound sjwup is more forcible in working on more usually to moisten a piece of a red \ melancholic humours; and available against Rose-cake, cut for the purpose, and heated i the leprosy, itch, tetters, &c. and the Trench between a double folded cloth, with a little j disease : Also honey of Roses solutive is beaten nutmeg, and poppy-seed strewed on \ made of the same infusions that the syrup the side that must lie next to the forehead : is made of, and therefore works the same and temples, and bound so thereto all night. \ effect, both opening and purging, but is The ointment of Roses is much used against i oftener given to phlegmatic than choleric lieatand inflammations in the head,toanoint; persons, and is more used in clysters than the forehead and temples, and being mixt j in potions, as the syrup made with sugar is. with Unguentwn Populneum , to procure rest: I The conserve and preserved leaves of those it is also used for the heat of the liver, the! Roses are also operative in gently opening back and reins, and to cool and heal pushes,! the belly. wheals, and other red pimples rising in the] The simple water of Damask Roses is face or other parts. Oil of Roses is not* chiefly used for fumes to sweeten things, as only used by itself to cool any hot swell- \ the dried leaves thereof to make sweet pow- ings or inflammations, and to bind and stay \ ders, and fill sweet bags; and little use iluxes of humours unto sores, but is also ; they are put to in physic, although they put into ointments and plaisters that are \ have some purging quality ; the wild Roses cooling and binding, and restraining the \ also are few or none of them used in physic, flux of humours. The dried leaves of the! but are generally held to come near the red Roses are used both inwardly and out- \ nature of the manured Roses. The fruit of wardly, both cooling, binding, and cordial, ; the wild briar, which are called Hips, being for with them are made both Aromaticum, j thoroughly ripe, and made into a conserve Hosarum , Diarrhoden Abbatis, and Soccha-\ with sugar, besides the pleasantness of the rum Rosarum , each of whose properties are j taste, doth gently bind the belly, and stay before declared. Rose leaves and mint, J deductions from the head upon the.stomach, heated and applied outwardly to the! drying up the moisture thereof, and helps stomach, stays castings, and very much: digestion. The pulp of the hips dried into strengthen a weak stomach; and applied]a hard consistence, like to the juice of the as a fomentation to the region of the liver: liquorice, or so dried that it may be made and heart, do much cool and temper them, \ into powder and taken into drink, stays and also serve instead of a Rose-cake (as is! speedily the whites in women, '['he briar said before) to quiet the over-hot spirits,] ball is often used, being made into powder and cause rest and sleep. The syrup of j and drank, to break the stone, to provoke Damask Roses is both simpleand compound,! urine when it is stopped, and to ease and and made with Agaric. The simple solutive j help the cholic; some appoint it to be syrup is a familiar, safe, gentle and easy j burnt, and then taken for the same purpose, medicine, purging choler, taken from one] In the middle of the balls are often found ounce to three or four, yet this is remarkable j certain white worms, which being dried and herein, that the distilled water of this syrup \ made into powder, and some of it drank, should notably bind the belly. The syrup j is found by experience of many to kill and with Agaric is more strong and effectual, for £ drive forth the worms of the belly, one ounce thereof by itself will open the; body more than the other, and works as! much on phlegm as choler. The com-}] AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 155 ROSA SOLIS, OR SUN DEW. ROSEMARY. It is likewise called Red-rot, and-Youth- j Our garden Rosemary is so well known, wort. 1 that T need not describe it. Descript.] It hath, divers small, round, \ Time.] It flowers in April and May with hollow leaves somewhat greenish, but full of 1 us, sometimes again in August. The Sun claims under the celestial great use with us are continually moist in the hottest day,; in these days as any whatsoever, not only yea, the hotter the sun shines on them, the > for physical but civil purposes. The phy- moister they are, with a sliminess that will j sical use of it (being my present task) is rope (as we say), the small hairs always j very much used both for inward and outward holding the moisture. Among these leaves | diseases, for by the warming and comfort- rise up slender stalks, reddish also, three or ting heat thereof it helps all cold, diseases four fingers high, bearing divers small white j both of the head, stomach, liver, and belly’, knobs one above another, which are flowers; j The decoction thereof in wine, helps the after which itu the heads are contained \ cold distillations- of rheum into the eyes, small seeds. The root is a, few small hairs, j and all other cold diseases of the head and Flace.] It grows usually in bogs and \ brain, as the giddiness or swimmings wet places, and sometimes in moist woods, j therein, drowsiness or dulness of the mind Time.] It flowers in June, and the leaves: and senses like a stupidness,the dumb palsy, are then fittest to be gathered j or loss of speech, the lethary, and falling- Government and virtues.] The Sun rules \ sickness, to be both drank, and the temples it, and it is under the sign Cancer. Rose j bathed therewith. It helps the pains in the Solis is accounted good to help those that; gums and teeth, by rheum falling into them, have a salt rheum distilling on the lungs,: not by putrefaction, causing an evil smell which breeds a consumption, and there- \ from, them, or a stinking breath. It helps fore the distilled water thereof in wine is la weak memory, and quickens the senses, held fit and profitable for such to drink, \ It is very comfortable to the stomach in all which water will be of a good yellow colour.; the cold griefs thereof, helps both retention The same water is held to be good for alls of meat, and digestion, the decoction or other diseases of the lungs, as phthisics, j powder being taken in wine. It is a remedy wheezings, shortness of breath, or the cough; ifor the windincss in the stomach, bowels, as also to heal the ulcers that happen in the land spleen, and expels it powerfully. It lungs; and it comforts the heart and faint-1 helps those that are liver-grow, by "open¬ ing spirits. The leaves, outwardly applied $ ing the obstructions tin reof. It helps dim to the skin, will raise blisters, which has] eyes, and procures a clear sight, the flowers caused some to think it dangerous to be {thereof being taken all the while it is flower- taken inwardly ; but there are other things j ing, every morning fasting, with bread and which will also draw blisters, yet nothing $ salt. Both Dioscorides and Galen say, dangerous to be taken inwardly. There is : That if a decoction be made thereof with an usual drink made thereof with aqua vitae \ water, and they that have the yellow jaun- and spices frequently, and without any \ dice exercise their bodies presently after the offence or danger, but to good purpose! taking thereof, it will certainly cure them, used in qualms and passions of the heart. I The flowers and conserve made of them, s (15, 10.) s s 156 THE COMPLETE HERBAL are singularly good to comfort the heart, \ pursued ils virtues, you will conclude it and to expel the contagion of the pestilence; j nothing inferior to that which is brought to burn the herb in houses and chambers, j out of China, and by that time this hath corrects the air in them. Both the flowers \ been as much used as that hath been, the and leaves are very profitable for women j name which the other hath gotten will be that are troubled with the whites, if they be \ eclipsed by the fame of this; take there- daily taken. The dried leaves shred small,! fore a description at large of it as follows : and taken in a pipe, as tobacco is taken,j Descript.'] At the first appearing out of helps those that have any cough, phthisic, j the ground, when the Winter is past, it hath or consumption, by warming and drying j a great round brownish head, rising from the thin distillations which cause those dis- $the middle or sides of the root, which opens eases. The leaves are very much used in \ itself into sundry leaves one after another, bathings ; and made into ointments or oil, \ very much crumpled or folded together at are singularly good to help cold benumbed {the first, and brownish: but afterwards it joints, sinews, or members. The chymical f spreads itself, and becomes smooth, very oil drawn from the leaves and flowers, is a jj large and almost round, every one standing sovereign help for all the diseases aforesaid, j on a brownish stalk of the thickness of a to touch the temples and nostrils with two j man's thumb, when they are grown to their or three drops for all the diseases of the j fulness, and most of them two feet and head and brain spoken of before; as also j more in length, especially when they grow to take one drop, two, or three, as the case j in any moist or good ground ; and the requires, for the inward griefs : Yet must iu stalk of the leaf, from the bottom thereof to be done with discretion, for it is very quick | the leaf itself, being also two feet, the breadth and piercing, and therefore but a little must] thereof from edge to edge, in the broadest be taken at a time. There is also another * place, being also two feet of a sad or dark oil made by insolation in this manner : j green colour, of a fine tart or sourish taste, Take what quantity you will of the flowers, | much mere pleasant than the garden or and put them into a strong glass close j wood sorrel. From among these rise up stopped, tie a fine linen cloth over the 1 some, but not every year, strong thick mouth, and turn the mouth down into j stalks, not growing so high as the Patience, another strong glass, which being set in the j or garden Dock, with such round leaves as sun, an oil will distil down into the lower j grow below, but smaller at every joint up to glass, to be preserved as precious for divers | the top, and among the flowers, which are uses,both inward and outward, as a sovereign \ white, spreading forth into many branches, balm to heal the diseases before-mentioned, ] consisting of five or six small leaves a-piece, to clear dim sights, and take away spots, t hardly to be discerned from the white marks, and scars in the skin. •; threads in the middle, and seeming to be all ^threads, after which come brownish three RHUBARB, OR REPIIONTIC. j square seeds, like unto other Docks, but Do not. start, and say, This grows you i larger, whereby it may be plainly known to know not how far off: and then ask me, 1 be a Dock. The root grows in time to be How it comes to pass that I bring it among \ very great, with divers and sundry great- bur English simples? For though the name i spreading branches from it, of a dark may speak it foreign, yet it grows with us in \ brownish or reddish colour on the outside, England, and that frequent enough in our \ having a pale yellow skin under it, which .gardens; and when you have thoroughly\covers the inner substance or root, which AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 157 ROUND-LEAVED DOCK, OR BAS¬ TARD RIIUBARB./44fc2.s called Patience, or Monk's $ Place and Time.] These also grow in Rhubarb ; and the next unto that, the great \ gardens, and flower and seed at or near the round-leaved Dock, or Bastard Rhubarb, j same time that our true Rhubarb doth, viz. for the one of these may happily supply in I they flower in June, and the seed is ripe in the absence of the other, being not much ; July. unlike in their virtues, only one more; Government and virtues.] Mars claims powerful and efficacious than the other. I predominancy over all these wholesome And lastly, shall shew you the virtues of all; herbs : You cry out upon him for an in- the three sorts. I fortunate, when God created him for your , I good (only he is angry with fools.) What garden-patience, or monk s RHU- j dishonor is this, not to Mars, but to God barb./ ' j himself. A dram of the dried root of r Descript.] This is a Dock bearing the 1 Monk's Rhubarb, with a scruple of Ginger name of Rhubarb for some purging quality; made into powder, and taken fasting in a therein, and grows up with large tall stalks, j draught or mess of warm broth, purges set with somewhat broad and long, fair, \ choler and phlegm downwards very gently green leaves, not dented at all. The tops \ and safely without danger. The seed greater great 158 THE COMPLETE HERBAL — ■ - ■■ '■ ■ ■ ■ M —" J * ' > thereof contrary doth bind the belly, and! blood, opening obstructions, and helping helps to stay any sort of lasks or bloody- j those griefs that come thereof, as the jaun- dux. The distilled water thereof is very j dice, dropsy, swelling of the spleen, tertain profitably used to heal scabs; also foul 1 and daily agues, and pricking pains of the ulcerous sores, and to allay the inflamma- j sides ; and also stays spitting of blood, tion of them; the juice of the leaves or j The powder taken with cassia, dissolved, roots or the decoction of them in vinegar, land washed Venice turpentine, cleanses the is used as a most effectual remedy to heal; reins and strengthens them af terwards, and scabs and running sores. 1 is very effectual to stay the gonorrhea. It The Bastard Rhubarb hath all the pro-1 is also given for the pains and swellings in perties of the Monk's Rhubarb, but more the head, for those that are troubled with effectual for both inward and outward dis- j melancholy, and helps the sciatica, gout, eases. The decoction thereof without vine- * and the cramp. The powder of the Rhu- gar dropped into the ears, lakes away the i barb taken with a little munimia and mad- pains ; gargled in the mouth, takes away 1 der roots in some red wine, dissolves clotted the tooth-ache ; and being drank, heals the j blood in the body, happening by any fall jaundice. The seed thereof taken, eases j or bruise, and helps burstings and broken the gnawing and griping pains of the j parts, as well inward as outward. The oil stomach, and takes away the loathing there- j likewise wherein it hath been boiled, works of unto meat. The root thereof helps the j the like effects, being anointed. It is used ruogedness of the nails, and being boiled in \ to heal those ulcers that happen in the eyes wine helps the swelling of the throat, com- j or eyelids, being steeped and strained ; as monly called the king’s evil, as also the j also to assuage the swellings and inflam- swellings of the kernels of the ears. Itjmations; and applied with honey, boiled helps them that are troubled with the stone, j in wine, it takes away all blue spots or provokes urine, and helps the dimness of j marks that happen therein. Whey or the sight. The roots of this Bastard Rhu- \ white wine are the best liquors to steep it barb are used in opening and purging diet-1 in, and thereby it works more effectual in drinks, with other things, to open the liver,! opening obstructions, and purging the and to cleanse and cool the blood. ! stomach and liver. Many do use a little The properties of that which is called the I Indian Spikenard as the best corrector English Rhubarb are the same with the ; thereof. former, but much more effectual, and hath ; M£ ADO w-rue. all the properties of the true Italian Rhu-1 . barbs,except the force in purging, wherein) Descript.] Meadow-rue rises up with it is but of half the strength thereof, and! a yellow stringy root, much spreading in therefore a double quantity must be used ; \ the ground, shooting forth new sprouts it likewise hath not that bitterness and as-1 round about, with many herby green stalks* triction ; in other things it works almost in ftwo feet high, crested all the length of them, an equal quantity, which are these: It;set with joints here and there, and many purges the body of choler and phlegm, being j large leaves on them, above as well as be- either taken of itself, made into powder, and j low, being divided into smaller leaves, drank in a draught of white wine, or steeped $ nicked or dented in the fore part of them, therein all night, and taken fasting, or put!of a red green colour on the upper-side, amono- other purges, as shall be thought j and pale green underneath; Toward the convenient, cleansing the stomach, liver,and \ top of the stalk there shoots forth divers ’AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 150 short branches, on every one whereof stand two, three or four small heads, or buttons, which breaking the skin that incloses them, shoots forth a tuft of pale greenish yellow threads, which falling away, there come in their places small three-cornered cods, wherein is contained small, long and round seed. The whole plant has a strong un¬ pleasant scent. Place .] It grows in many places of this land, in the borders of moist meadows, and ditch-sides. Time.'] It floAvcrs about July, or the be¬ ginning; of August. Government and virtues.] Dioscorides saith, That this herb bruised arid applied, perfectly heals old sores, and the distilled water of the herb and flowers doth the like. It is used by some among other pot-herbs to open the body, and make it soluble ; but the roots washed clean, and boiled in ale and drank, provokes to stool more than the leaves, but yet very gently. The root boiled in water, and the places of the body most troubled with vermin and lice washed therewith while it is warm, destroys them utterly. In Italy it is good against the plague, and in Saxony against the jaundice as Camerarius saith. GARDEN-RUE. Garden-rue is so well known by this name, and the name Herb of Grace, that I shall not need to write any farther descrip¬ tion of it, but shall shew you the virtue of it, as follows. Government and virtues .] It is an herb of the Sun, and under Leo. It provokes urine and women’s courses, being taken either in meat or drilik. The seed thereof taken in wine, is* an antidote against all dangerous medicines or deadly poisons. The leaves taken either by themselves, or with ligs and walnuts, is called Mithridate’s counter-poi¬ son against the plague, and causes all veno¬ mous things to become harmless; being ( 15 , 16 .). often taken in meat and drink, it abates venery. A decoction thereof with some dried dill leaves and flowers, eases all pains and torments* inwardly to be drank, and outwardly to be applied warm to the place grieved. The same being drank, helps the pains both of the chest and sides, as also coughs and hardness of breathing, the in¬ flammations of the lungs, and the torment¬ ing pains of the sciatica and the joints, being anointed, or laid to the places; as also the shaking fits of agues, to take a draught be- fore the fit comes. Being boiled or infused in oil, it is good to help the wind cholic, the hardness and windiness of the mother, and frees women from the strangling or suffocation thereof, if the share and the parts thereabouts be anointed therewith. It kills and drives forth the worms of the belly, if it be drank after it is boiled in wine to the half, with a little honey ; it helps the gout or pains in the joints, hands, feet or knees, applied thereunto; and with figs it helps the dropsy, being bathed therewith: Being bruised and put into the nostrils, it slays the bleeding thereof. It takes away wheals and pimples, if being bruised with a few myrtle leaves, it be made up with wax, and applied. It cures the morphew, and takes away all sorts of warts, if boiled in wine with some pepper and nitre, and the place rubbed therewith, and with almond and honey helps the dry scabs, or any tetter or ringworm. The juice thereof warmed in a pomegranate shell or rind, and dropped into the ears, helps the pains of them. The juice of it and fennel, with a little honey, and the gall of a cock put there¬ unto, helps the dimness of the eye-sight. An ointment made of the juice thereof with oil of roses, ceruse, and a little vinegar, and anointed, cures St. Anthony’s fire, and all running sores in the head : and the stinking ulcers of the nose, or other parts. 'I he antidote used by Mithridates, every morn¬ ing fasting, lo secure himself from any T T 160 THE COMPLETE HERBAL poison or infection, was this: Take twenty: ground, about a span long, divided into leaves of rue, a little salt, a couple of wal- \ many other smaller parts full of small joints nuts, and a couple of tigs, beaten together set very thick together, whereat come forth into a mess, with twenty juniper berries, two very small leaves of a French yellow, which is the quantity appointed for every j green coloured branches and all, where day. Another electuary is made thus : \ grows forth also a number of exceedingly Take of nitre, pepper, and cummin seed, \ small yellowish flowers, scarce to be dis- of each equal parts; of the leaves of Rue! cerned from the stalks and leaves, which clean picked, as much in weight as all the! turn into seeds as small as the very dust, other three weighed; beat them well toge-! The root is very long and small, thrusting tlier, and put as much honey as will make \ down deep into the ground. This has it up into an electuary (but you must first \ neither smell nor taste at first, but after¬ steep your cummin seed in vinegar twenty j wards has a little astringent taste, without four hours, and then dry it, or rather roast;any manifest heat; yet a little bitter and it in a hot fire-shovel, or in an oven) and is i sharp withal. a remedy for the pains or griefs in the chest j Place .] It grows in dry, sandy, and or stomach, of the spleen, belly, or sides, 5 rocky places. by wind or stitches; of the liver by ob- \ Time.'] It is fresh and green all the structions ; of the reins and bladder by the * Summer. stopping of urine; and helps also to ex- | Government and virtues.] They say Saturn tenuate fat corpulent bodies. What an in- \ causes ruptures; if he do, he does no more famy is cast upon the ashes of Mithridates, \ than he can cure ; if you want wit, he will or Methridates (as the Augustines read his \ teach you, though to your cost. This herb name) by unworthy people. They that j is Saturn’s own, and is a noble antivene- deserve no good report themselves, love tojrean. Rupture-wort hath not its name in give none to others, viz. That renowned j vain: for it is found by experience to cure King of Pontus fortified his body b}' poison j the rupture, not only in children but also in against poison. (He cast out devils by Beel- j elder persons, if the disease be not too in- zebub, Prince of the devils.) What a sot is \ veterate, by taking a dram of the powder he that knows not if he had accustomed his : of the dried herb every day in wine, or a body to cold poisons, but poisons would ; decoction made and drank for certain days have dispatched him? on the contrary, if $ together. The juice or distilled water of not, corrosions would have done it. The $ the green herb, taken in the same manner, whole world is at this present time beholden : helps all other fluxes either of man or to him for his studies in physic, and he that j woman; vomitings also, and the gonorrhea, uses the quantity but of an hazel-nut of that > being taken any of the ways aforesaid. It receipt every morning, to which his name!doth also most assuredly help those that is adjoined, shall to admiration preserve \ have the stranguary, or are troubled with liis body in health, if he do but consider j the stone or gravel in the reins or bladder, that Rue is an herb of the Sun, and under;The same also helps stitches in the sides, Leb, and gather it and the rest accord- {griping pains of the stomach or belly, the Wty* ; obstructions of the liver, and cures the yel- euptuee*wort - ^ t Pliny saith, it procures women’s courses, j ana stays them coming down too fast: helps sage. • ^ | the stinging and biting of serpents, and kills '' Our ordinary garden Sage needs no} the worms that breed in the ear, and in description. j sores. Sage is of excellent use to help the Time.] It flowers in or about July. j memory, warming and quickening the Government and virtues.'] Jupiter claims ? senses; and the conserve made of the flowers this and bids me tell you, it is good for the \ is used to the same purpose, and also for all liver, and to breed blood. A decoction of \ the former recited diseases. The juice of the leaves and branches of Sage made and • Sage draftk with vinegar, hath been of good drank, saith Dioscorides, provokes urine, j use in time of the plague at all times, brings down women’s courses, helps to \ Gargles likewise are made with Sage, rose- expel the dead child, and causes the hair \ mary, honey-s uckles, and plantain, boiled to become black. It stays the bleeding of. 5 in wine or water, with some honey or allum wounds, and cleanses foul ulcers. Three j put thereto, to wash sore mouths and spoonfuls of the juice of Sage taken fasting, j throats, cankers, or the secret parts of man with a little honey, doth presently slay the j or woman, as need requires. And with is spitting or casting of blood of them that are • other hot and comfortable herbs, Sage i in a consumption. These pills are much 5 boiled to bathe the body and the legs in the commended ; Take of spikenard, ginger, j Summer time, especially to warm cold of each two drams; of the seed of Sage \ joints, or sinews, troubled with the palsy toasted at the fire, eight drams ; of long j and cramp, and to comfort and strengthen pepper, twelve drams yill these beingbrought :the parts. It is much commended against into powder, put thereto so much juice of j the stitch, or pains in the side coming of Sage as may make them into a mass of j wind, if the place be fomented warm with pills, taking a dram of them every morning j the decoction thereof in wine, and the fastino’, and so likewise at night, drinking; herb also after boiling be laid warm there* a little pure water after them. Matthiolus j unto, saith, it is very profitable for all manner | of pains in the head coming of cold and j rheumatic humours : as also for all pains of* the joints, whether inwardly or outwardly WOOD-SAGE. ? * Descript.] Wood-sage rises up with and therefore helps the falling-sickness, the; square hoary stalks, two feet high at the lethargy such as are dull and heavy of j least, with two leaves set at every joint, spirit, the palsy ; and is of much use in all: somewhat like Other Sage leaves, but deductions of rheum from the head, and for 1 smaller, softer, whiter, and rounder, and a the diseases of the chest or breast. The j little dented about the edges, and smelling leaves of Sage and nettles bruised together, \ somewhat stronger. At the tops of the and laid upon the imposthume that rises: stalks and branches stand the flowers, on a behind the ears, doth assuage it much. »slender like spike, turning themselves all The juice of Sage taken in warm water, * one way when they blow, and are of a pale helps a hoarseness and a cough. The 1 and whitish colour, smaller than Sage, but leaves sodden in wine, and laid upon the » hooded and gaping like unto them. The place affected with the palsy, helps much, j seed is blackish and round ; four usually if the decoction be drank : Also Sage taken i seem in a husk together : the root is long 163 AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. and stringy, with divers fibres thereat, and ; one, and sometimes also two stalks, with abides many years. : flowers at the foot of a leaf, which are with- Place.] It grows in woods, and by j out any scent at all, and stand on one side wood-sides ; as also in divers fields and i of the stalk. After they are past, come in bye-lanes in the land. i their places small round berries great at the Time.] It flowers in June, July, and! first, and blackish green, tending to blueness August. : when they are ripe, wherein lie small, Government and virtues .] The herb is \ white, hard, and stony seeds. The root is under Venus. The decoction of the Wood! of the thickness of one’s finger or thumb, Sage provokes urine and women’s courses:! white and knotted in some places, a flat It also provokes sweat, digests humours, j round circle representing a Seal, whereof it and discusses swellings and nodes in the j took the name, lying along under the upper flesh, and is therefore thought to be good ! crust of the earth, and not growing down- ao-ainst the French pox. The decoction! ward, but with many fibres underneath, of the green herb, made with wine, is a safe \ Placed] It is frequent in divers places of and sure remedy for those who by falls, j this land ; as, namely in a wood two miles bruises, or blows, suspect some vein to be j from Canterbury, by Fish-Pool Hill, as also inwardly broken, to disperse and void the j in Bushy Close belonging to the parsonage concealed blood, and to consolidate the j of Alderbivry, near Clarendon, two miles veins. The drink used inwardly, and the j from Salisbury : in Cheffon wood, on Ches- herb used outwardly, is good for such as $ son Hill, between Newington and Sitting- are inwardly or outwardly bursten, and is: bourn in Kent, and divers other places in found to be a sure remedy for the palsy. j Essex, and other counties. The juice of the herb, or the powder there-1 Time.] It flowers about May: Ihe of dried, is good for moist ulcers and sores: root abides and shootsa-new every year, in the le^s, and other parts, to dry them,: Government and virtues .] Saturn owns and cause them to heal more speedily. It t the plant, for he loves his bones well. The is no less effectual also in green wounds, to::rootof Solomon’s Seal is found by experience be used upon any occasion. :to be available in wounds, huits, and out- , . $ ward sores, to heal and close up the lips of solomon s seal. ?■/. 5 those that are green, and to dry up and Descript .] The common Solomon’s \ restrain the flux of humours to those that Seal rises tip with a round stalk half a yard j are old. It is singularly good to stay high, bowing or bending down to the * vomitings and bleeding wheresoever* as ground, set with single leaves one above \ also all fluxes in man or woman ; also, to another, somewhat large, and like the leaves j knit any joint, which by weakness uses to of the lily-convally, or May-lily, with an: be often out of place, or will not stay in eye of bluish upon the green, with some pong when it is set; also to knit and join ribs therein, and more yellowish under- j broken bones in any part of the body, the neath. At the foot of every leaf, almost! roots being bruised and applied to the from the bottom up to the top of the stalk,* places ; yea, it hath been found by expe- come forth small, long, white and hollow \ rience, and the decoction of the root m pendulous flowers, somewhat like the! wine, or the bruised root put into wine or flowers of May-lily, but ending in five long: other drink, and after a night s infusion, points, for the most part two together, at the \ strained forth hard and drank, hath helped end of a long foot-stalk, and sometimes but both man and beast, whose bones hath been (17, 18.)° K u u 164 THE COMPLETE HERDAL broken by any occasion, which is the most \ assured refuge of help to people of divers \ counties of the land that they can have. It ! is no less effectual to help ruptures and j burstings, the decoction in wine, or the ? * powder in broth or drink, being inwardly j taken, and outwardly applied to the place. \ The same is also available for inward or out -1 ward bruises, falls or blows, both to dispel 1 the congealed blood, and to take away ! both the pains and the black and blue! marks that abide after the hurt. The same 5 also, or the distilled water of the whole 1 plant, used to the face, or other parts of the \ skin, cleanses it from morphew, freckles,! spots, or marks whatsoever, leaving the \ place fresh, fair, and lovely; for which \ purpose it is much used by the Italian | Dames. \ \ \ SAMPHIRE. ]?. 2d"- 2.6 - "*-7, * ' S \ 'Descript.'] Rock Samphire grows up ! with a tender green stalk about half a yard, i or two feet high at the most, branching! forth almost from the very bottom, and * stored with sundry thick and almost round \ (somewhat long) leaves of a deep green 5 colour, sometimes two together, and some- ! times more on a stalk, and sappy, and of s a pleasant, hot, and spicy taste. At thej top of the stalks and branches stand umbels 1 of white flowers, and after them come large $ seed, bigger than fennel seed, yet some-s what like it. The root is great, white, and! long, continuing many years, and is of an j hot and spicy taste likewise. \ Place.] It grows on the rocks that are! often moistened at the least, if not over-'! flowed with the sea water. j Time.] And it flowers and seeds in the! end of July and August. \ Government and virtues.] It is an herb of* Jupiter, and was in former times wont to be S used more than now it is ; the more is thei pity. It is well known almost to everyth body, that ill digestions and obstructions! are the cause of most of the diseases which the frail nature of man is subject to; both which might be remedied by a more fre¬ quent use of this herb. If people would have sauce to their meat, they may take some for profit as well as for pleasure. It is a safe herb, very pleasant both to taste and stomach, helps digestion, and in some sort opening obstructions of the liver and spleen : provokes urine, and helps thereby to wash away the gravel and stone engen¬ dered in the kidnejs or bladder. SANICLE. 2/ Tins herb is by many called Butter- wort. Descript.] Ordinary Sanicle sends forth many great round leaves, standing upon long brownish stalks, every one somewhat deeply cut or divided into five or six parts, and some of these also cut in somewhat like the leaf of crow's-foot, or dove's-foot, and finely dented about the edges, smooth, and of a dark shining colour, and somewhat reddish about the brims; from among which arise up small, round green stalks, without any joint or leaf thereon, saving at the top, where it branches forth into flowers, having a leaf divided into three or four parts at that joint with the flowers, which are small and white, starting out of small round greenish yellow heads, many stand¬ ing together in a tuft, in which afterwards are the seeds contained, which are small round burs, somewhat like the leaves of clevers, and stick in the same manner upon any thing that they touch. The root is composed of many blackish strings or fibres, set together at a little long head, which abides with green leaves all the Win¬ ter, and perishes not. Place.] It is found in many shadowy woods, and other places of this land. Time.] It flowers in June, and the seed is ripe shortly after. U: Government and virtues.] This is one of AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 165 Venus's herbs, to cure the wounds or mis- j no leaf appears in the Winter. The taste chiefs Mars inflicts upon the body of man. \ hereof is strong and unpleasant; and so is It heals green wounds speedily, or any $ the smell also. ulcers, imposthumes, or bleedings inward, \ Placed] It grows in moist and wet also tumours in any part of the body; for \ grounds, by wood-sides, and sometimes in the decoction or powder in drink taken, j moist placed of shadowy groves, as also by and the juice used outwardly, dissipates>the water side. the humours: and there is not found any j Time.'] It flowers in July, and the seed herb that can give such present help either \ is soon ripe, and carried away with the to manor beast, when the disease falleth j wind. upon the lungs or throat, and to heal up j Government and virtues .] Saturn owns putrid malignant ulcers in the mouth, \ the herb, and it is of a sober condition, like throat, and privities, by gargling or wash-j him. Among the Germans, this wound ing with the decoction of the leaves and j herb is preferred before all others of the roots made in water, and a little honey put \ same quality. Being boiled in wine, and thereto. It helps to stay women's courses, : drank, it helps the indisposition of the and all other fluxes of blood, either by the l liver, and freeth the gall from obstructions ; mouth, urine, or stool, and lasks of the \ whereby it is good for the yellow jaundice, belly ; the ulcerations of the kidneys also, land for the dropsy in the beginning of it; and the pains in the bowels, and gonorrhea, \ for all inward ulcers of the reins, mouth or being boiled in wine or water, and drank. | throat, and inward wounds and bruises, The same also is no less powerful to help j likewise for such sores as happen in the any ruptures or burstings, used both in-* privy parts of men and women; being steeped wardly and outwardly : And briefly, it is jin wine, and then distilled, the water there- as effectual in binding, restraining, conso-lof drank, is singularly good to ease all gnaw- lidating, heating, drying and healing, as \ ings in the stomach, or other pains of the comfrey, bugle, self-heal, or any other of \ body, as also the pains of the mother: and the vulnerary herbs whatsoever. | being boiled in water, it helps continual T > 1 agues; and the said water, or the simple saracen s j water t k e i ier b distilled, or the juice or : decoction, are very effectual to heal any Descript.] This grows sometimes, with: green wound, or old sore or ulcer what- brownish stalks, and other whiles with \ soever, cleansing them from corruption, green, to a man's height, having narrow \ and quickly healing them up: Briefly, green leaves snipped about the edges, some- j whatsoever hath been said of bugle or sani- what like those of the peach-tree, or willow jcle, may be found herein, leaves, but not of such a white green colour, j SAUCE _ AL0NE OR jack-by-the-hedge- Ihe tops of the stalks are furnished with} side z.6. many yellow star-like flowers, standing in j green heads, which when they are fallen,! Descript.] The lower leaves of this are and the seed ripe, which is somewhat long, ? rounder than those that grow towards the small and of a brown colour, wrapped in 1 top of the stalks, and are set singly on a down, is therefore carried away with the:joint being somewhat round and broad, wind. The root is composed of fibres set j pointed at the ends, dented also about the together at a head, which perishes not in hedges, somewhat resembling nettle leaves Winter, although the stalks dry away and i for the form, but of a fresher green colour. SARACEN s CONFOUND, WOUNDWORT OR 166 THE COMPLETE HERBAL l not rough or pricking: The flowers are j white, growing at the top of the stalks one i above another, which being past, follow 1 small round pods, wherein are contained \ round seed somewhat blackish. The root \ stringy and thready, perishes^every year \ r ‘ ’ '' ’ seed, and raises itself: after it hath given again of its own sowing. The plant, or: any part thereof, being bruised, smells of j garlic, but more pleasantly, and tastes: somewhat hot and sharp, almost like unto j rocket. j 1 Placei] It grows under walls, and by hedge-sides, and path-ways in fields in many places. Time.~\ It flowers in June, July, and I August. Government ancl virtues .] It is an herb of Mercury. This is eaten by many country people as sauce to their salt fish, and helps j well to digest the crudities and other cor- j rupt humours engendered thereby. It \ warms also the stomach, and causes diges- j tion. The juice thereof boiled with honey j is accounted to be as good as hedge mus- \ tard for the cough, to cut and expectorate j the tough phlegm. The seed bruised and { boiled in wine, is a singularly good remedy \ for the wind colic, or the stone, being drank : warm : It is also given to women troubled: with the mother, both to drink, and the j seed put into a cloth, and applied while it \ is warm, is of singularly good use. The j leaves also, or the seed boiled, is good to be $ used in clysters to ease the pains of the 1 stone. The green leaves are held to be good to heal the ulcers in the legs. you all the year, if you love yourself and your ease, and it is a hundred pounds to a penny if you do not; keep it dry, make conserves and syrups of it for your use, and withal, take notice that the Summer kind is the best. They are both of them hot and dry, especially the Summer kind, which is both sharp and quick in taste, expelling wind in the stomach and bow r els, and is a present help for the rising of the mother procured by wind ; provokes urine and women's courses, and is much com¬ mended for women with child to take in¬ wardly, and to smell often unto. It cures tough phlegm in the chest and lungs, and helps to expectorate it the more easily; quickens the dull spirits in the lethargy^ the juice thereof being snuffed up into* the nostrils. The juice dropped into the eyes, clears a dull sight, if it proceed of thin cold humours distilled from the brain. The juice heated with the oil of Roses, and dropped into the ears, eases them of the noise and singing in them, and of deafness also. Outwardly applied with wheat flour, in manner of a poultice, it gives ease to the sciatica and palsied members, heating and warming them, and takes away their pains. It also takes away the pain that comes by stinging of bees, wasps, &c. SAVINE. i s WINTER AND SUMMER SAVOURY.' ; jjoth these are so well known (being: entertained as constant inhabitants in our j gardens) that they need no description. Government and virtues .] Mercury claims j dominion over this herb, neither is there $ a better remedy against the colic and iliac l passion, than this herb; keep it„dry by? To describe a plant so well known is need¬ less, it being nursed up almost in every gar¬ den, and abides green all the Winter. Government and virtues .] It is under the dominion of Mars, being hot and dry in the third degree, and being of exceeding clean parts, is of a very digesting quality. If you dry the herb into powder, and mix it with honey, it is an excellent remedy to cleanse old filthy ulcers and fistulas; but it hinders them from healing. The same is excellently good to break carbuncles and plague-sores; also helps the king’s evil, being applied to the place. Being spread r AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 167 over a piece of leather, and applied to the : navel, kills the worms in the belly, helps scabs and itch, running sores, cankers, tet- ters, and ringworms; and being applied to the place, may haply cure venereal sores. This I thought good to speak of, as it may be safely used outwardly, for inwardly it cannot be taken without manifest danger. THE COMMON WHITE SAXIFRAGE. \ r ^J»- < Descript. ] This hath a few small red-; dish kernels of roots covered with some: skins, lying among divers small blackish! fibres, which send forth divers round, faint) or yellow green leaves, and greyish under- \ .neath, lying above the grounds, unevenly \ dented about the edges, and somewhat) hairy, every one upon a little foot-stalk, from whence rises up round, brownish, hairy, green stalks, two or three feet high, with a few such like round leaves as grow below, but smaller, and somewhat branched \ at the top, whereon stand pretty large white \ flowers of five leaves a-piece, with some I yellow threads in the middle, standing in a $ long crested, brownish green husk. After \ the flowers are past, there arises sometimes \ a round hard head, forked at the top, j wherein is contained small black seed, but; s usually they fall away without any seed, \ and it is the kernels or grains of the root \ which are usually called the White Saxi-j frage-seed, and so used. • Place.] It grows in many places of our j land, as well in the lower-most, as in the; upper dry corners of meadows, and grassy! sandy places. It used to grow near Lamb's ; conduit, on the backside of Gray's Inn. j Time.] It flowers in May, and then * gathered, as well for that which is called \ the seed, as to distil, for it quickly perishes! down to the ground when any hot weather j comes. \ Government and virtues .] It is very ef-* fectual to cleanse the reins and bladder,! and to dissolve the stone engendered in) ( 17 , 18 .) them, and to expel it and the gravel by urine; to help the stranguary ; for which purpose the decoction of the herb or roots in white wine, is most usual, or the powder of the small kernelly root, which is called the seed, taken in white wine, or in the same decoction made with white wine, is most usual. The distilled water of the whole herb, root and flowers, is most fami¬ liar to be taken. It provokes also women's courses, and frees and cleanses the stomach and lungs from thick and tough phlegm that trouble them. There are not many better medicines to break the stone than this. BURNET SAXIFRAGE. Descript. ] The greater sort of our English Burnet Saxifrage grows up with divers long stalks of winged leaves, set directly opposite one to another on both sides, each being somewhat broad, and a little pointed and dented about the edges, of a sad green colour. At the top of the stalks stand umbels of white flowers, after which come small and blackish seed. The root is long and whitish, abiding long. Our lesser Burnet Saxifrage hath much finer leaves than the former, and very small, and set one against another, deeply jagged about the edges, and of the same colour as the former. The umbels of the flowers are white, and the seed very small, and so is the root, being also somewhat hot and quick in taste. Place.'] These grow in moist meadows of this land, and are easy to be found being well sought for among the grass, wherein many times they lay hid scarcely to be dis¬ cerned. Time.] They flower about July, and their seed is ripe in August. Government and virtues .] They are both of them herbs of the Moon. The Saxi¬ frages are hot as pepper; and Tragus saith, by his experience, that they are wholesome x x 168 THE COMPLETE HERBAL They have the same properties the pars- \ great, white and thick, growing down deep leys have, but in provoking urine, and | into the ground, and abides many years, causing the pains thereof, and of the wind» There is another sort of Field Scabious and colic, are much more effectual, the j different in nothing from the former, but roots or seed being used either in powder, j only it is smaller in all respects, or in decoctions, or any other way; and I The Corn Scabious differs little from the likewise helps the windy pains of the!first, but that it is greater in all respects, mother, and to procure their courses, and ; and the flowers more inclining to purple, to break and void the stone in the kidneys, i and the root creeps under the upper crust to digest cold, viscous, and tough phlegm! of the earth, and runs not deep into the in the stomach, and is an especial remedy i ground as the first doth, against all kind of venom. Castoreum l Place.'] The first grows more usually in being boiled in the distilled water thereof, * meadows, especially about London every is singularly good to be given to those that j where. are troubled with cramps and convulsions. \ The second in some of the dry fields Some do use to make the seeds into comfits j about this city, but not so plentifully as the (as they do carraway seeds) which is effec- j former. tual to all the purposes aforesaid. The[ The third in standing corn, or fallow juice of the herb dropped into the most \ fields, and the borders of such like fields, grievous wounds of the head, dries up their j Tme.] They flower in June and July, moisture, and heals them quickly. Some* and some abide flowering until it be late in women use the distilled water to take away \ August, and the seed is ripe in the mean freckles or spots in the skin or face; and \ time. to drink the same sweetened with sugar fori all the purposes aforesaid. There are many other sorts of Scabious, but I take these which I have here des¬ cribed to be most familiar with us. The | virtues of both these and the rest, being (much alike, take them as follow. Government and virtues.] Mercury owns _ t the plant. Scabious is very effectual for SCABIOUS, > THREE SORTS. leaves, some whereof are very little, if at all jagged on the edges, others very much all sorts of coughs, shortness of breath, and all other diseases of the breast and lungs, rent and torn on the sides, and have threads ; ripening and digesting cold phlegm, and in them, which upon breaking may be j other tough humours, voids them forth by plainly seen; from among which rise up! coughing and spitting: It ripens also all divers hairy green stalks, three or four feet \ sorts of inward ulcers and imposthumes ; high, with such like hairy green leaves on! pleurisy also, if the decoction of the herb them, but more deeply and finely divided and j dry or green be made in wine, and drank branched forth a little: At the tops thereof, $ for some time together. Four ounces of which are naked and bare of leaves for a \ the clarified juice of Scabious taken in the good space, stand round heads of flowers, \ morning fasting, with a dram of mithridate, of a pale blueish colour, set together in a! or Venice treacle, frees the heart from any head, the outermost whereof are larger than | infection of pestilence, if after the taking the inward, with many threads also in the j of it the party sweat two hours in bed, and middle, somewhat flat at the top, as the [this medicine be again and again repeated, head with the seed is likewise; the root is; if need require. The green herb bruised AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 169 and applied to any carbuncle or plague j grass hath many thick flat leaves, more sore, is found by certain experience to dis- j long than broad, and sometimes longer and solve and break it in three hours space. \ narrower; sometimes also smooth on the The same decoction also drank, helps the: edges, and sometimes a little Avaved ; some- pains and stitches in the side. The decoc-j times plain, smooth and pointed, of a sad tion of the roots taken for forty days toge-; green, and sometimes a blueish colour, ther, or a dram of the powder of them 5 every one standing by itself upon a long taken at a time in whey, doth (as Matthi-j foot-stalk, which is brownish or greenish olus saith) wonderfully help those that are \ also, from among which arise many slender troubled with running of spreading scabs, j stalks, bearing few leaves thereon like the tetters, ringworms, yea, although they pro- \ other, but longer and less for the most ceed from the French pox, which, he saith j part: At the tops whereof grow many he hath tried by experience. The juice or \ whitish flowers, with yellow threads in the decoction drank, helps also scabs and j middle, standing about a green head, which breakings-out of the itch, and the like. \ becomes the seed vessel, which will be The juice also made up into an ointment \ somewhat flat when it is ripe, wherein is and used, is effectual for the same purpose. {contained reddish seed, tasting somewhat The same also heals all inward wounds by j hot. The root is made of many white the drying, cleansing, and healing quality ! strings, which stick deeply into the mud, therein: And a syrup made of the juice \ wherein it chiefly delights, yet it will well and sugar, is very effectual to all the pur- \ abide in the more upland and drier ground, poses aforesaid, and so is the distilled water: and tastes a little brackish and salt even of the herb and flowers made in due season, 1 there, but not so much as where it hath the especially to be used when the green herb ; salt water to feed upon, is not in force to be taken. The decoction j Place.] It grows all along the Thames of the herb and roots outwardly applied,: sides, both on the Essex and Kentish doth wonderfully help all sorts of hard or; shores, from Woolwich round about the cold swellings in any part of the body, is J sea costs to Dover, Portsmouth, and even effectual for shrunk sinews or veins, and \ to Bristol, where it is had in plenty; the heals green wounds, old sores, and ulcers, j other with round leaves grows in the marshes The juice of Scabious, made up with the: in Holland, in Lincolnshire, and other powder of Borax and Samphire, cleanses: places of Lincolnshire by the sea side. - the’ skin of the face, or other parts of the* Descript.] There is also another sort body, not only from freckles and pimples, \ called Dutch Scurvygrass, which is most but also from morphew and leprosy ; the 1 known, and frequent in gardens, which has head washed with the decoction, cleanses it I fresh, green, and almost round leaves rising from dandriff, scurf, sores, itch, and the \ from the root, not so thick as the former, like, used warm. The herb bruised and!yet in some rich ground, very large, even applied, doth in a short time loosen* and j twice as big as in others, not dented about draw forth any splinter, broken bone, j the hedges,or hollow in the middle, standing arrow head, or other such like thing lying on a long foot-stalk; from among these in the flesh. rise long, slender stalks, higher than the for- I mer, with more white flowers at the tops of scurvygrass. &. iL ;them, which turn into small pods, and ^smaller brownish seed than the former. Descript.] The ordinary English Scurvy- j The root is white, small and thready. The no THE COMPLETE HERBAL - - - - ■ 1 *■ ■ ' - -— ' S taste is nothing salt at all; it hath a hot, \ the ground, whereby it is made a great tuft aromatical spicy taste. I in a short time. Time.] It flowers in April and May, j Place.] It is found in woods and fields and gives seed ripe quickly after. \ every where. Government and virtues.] It is an herb of j Time.] It flowers in May, and some- Jupiter. The English Scurvy grass is more j times in April. used for the salt taste it bears, which doth \ Government and virtues.] Here is another somewhat open and cleanse; but the Dutch 1 herb of Venus, Self-heal, whereby when Scurvygrass is of better effect, and chiefly \ you are hurt you may heal yourself: It is used (ifit may be had) by those that have; a special herb for inward and outward the scurvy, and is of singular good effect to » wounds. Take it inwardly in syrups for cleanse the blood, liver, and spleen, takingj inward wounds: outwardly in unguents, the juice in the Spring every morning fast-: and plaisters for outward. As Self-heal is ing in a cup of drink. The decoction is hike Bugle in form, so also in the qualities good for the same purpose, and opens! and virtues, serving for all the purposes obstructions, evacuating cold, clammy and \ whereto Bugle is applied to with good success, phlegmatic humours both from the liver j either inwardly or outwardly, for inward and the spleen, and bringing the body to a i wounds or ulcers whatsoever within the more lively colour. The juice also helps j body, for bruises or falls, and such like all foul ulcers and sores in the mouth, \ hurts. If it be accompanied with Bugle, gargled therewith; and used outwardly,j Sanicle, and other the like wound herbs, cleanses the skin from spots, marks, or scars $ it will be more effectual to wash or inject that happen therein. j into ulcers in the parts outwardly. Where j there is cause to repress the heat and sharp- self-heal. 2. to »-a .y, ^ ness of humours flowing to any sore, ulcers, 5 inflammations, swellings, or the like, or to p Descript.] The common Self-heal which j stay the fluxes of blood in any wound or is called also Prunel, Carpenter’s Herb, j part, this is used with some good success; Hook-heal, and Sickle-wort, is a small, low, i as also to cleanse the foulness of sores, and creeping herb, having many small, roundish \ cause them more speedily to be healed. It pointed leaves, like leaves of wild mints, of: is an especial remedy for all green wounds, a dark green colour, without dents on the; to solder the lips of them, and to keep the edges; from among which rise square hairy j place from any further inconveniencies. stalks, scarce a foot high, which spread : The juice hereof used with oil of roses to sometimes into branches with small leaves * anoint the temples and forehead, is very ef- set thereon, up to the top, where stand 1 fectual to remove head ache, and the same brown spiked heads of small brownish $ mixed with honey of roses, cleanses and leaves like scales and flowers set together, \ heals all ulcers, in the mouth, and throat, almost like the heads of Cassidony, which j and those also in the secret parts. And the flowers are gaping, and of a blueish purple, j proverb of the Germans, French, and or more pale blue, in some places sweet, \ others, is verified in this, That he needs but not so in others. The root consists of: neither physician nor surgeon that hath Self- many fibres downward, and spreading : heal and Sanicle to help himself. strings also whereby it increases. The* small stalks, with the leaves creeping on the* ground, shoot forth fibres taking hold on * AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. m THE SERVICE-TREE. {P, 2 7 » It is so well known in the place where I it grows, that it needs no description Time.\ It flowers before the end May, and the fruit is ripe in October. Government and virtues .] Services, when * they are mellow, are fit to be taken to stay \ fluxes, scouring, and casting, yet less than * medlers. If they be dried before they be j mellow, and kept all the year, they may be $ used in decoctions for the said purpose, j either to drink, or to bathe the parts re- j quiring it; and are profitably used in that j manner to stay the bleeding of wounds,: and of the mouth or nose, to be applied to j the forehead and nape of the neck ; and are \ under the dominion of Saturn. \ being bound to the wrists of the hands, and the soles of the feet, it helps the yellow jaundice. The herb being made into a poultice, helps inflammations and St. An¬ thony’s fire. The juice being dropped into the ears, heals the pains, noise, and mutter- ings thereof. A good ointment may be made of it for all wounds, especially wounds in the head. SMALLAGE. <7. 2. SHEPHERD S PURSE. 0 *. 2 . 6 . It is called Whoreman’s Permacety, Shepherd’s Scrip, Shepherd’s Pounce, Toy- ; wort, Pickpurse, and Casewort. Descript.] The root is small, white, and \ perishes every year. The leaves are small \ and long, of a pale green colour, and deeply $ cut in on both sides, among which spring | up a stalk which is small and round, con-j taining small leaves upon it even to the top. 5 The flowers are white and very small; after < which come the little cases which hold the* seed, which are flat, almost in the form of J a heart. j Placed] They are frequent in this nation, \ almost by every path-side. j Time.] They flower all the Summer j long ; nay some of them are so fruitful, that \ they flower twice a year. ; Government and virtues .] It is under the \ dominion of Saturn, and of a cold, dry, j and binding nature, like to him. It helps ; all fluxes of blood, either caused by inward * or outward wounds; as also flux of Thei belly, and bloody flux, spitting blood, and i bloody urine, stops the terms in women; \ (17, 18.) This is also very well known, and there¬ fore I shall not trouble the reader with any description thereof. Place. ] It grows naturally in dry and marshy ground ; but if it be sown in gar¬ dens. it there prospers very well. Time.'] It abides green all the Winter, and seeds in August. Government and virtues .] It is an herb of Mercury. Smallage is hotter, drier, and much more medicinal than parsley, for it much more opens obstructions of the liver and spleen, rarefies thick phlegm, and cleanses it and the blood withal. It pro¬ vokes urine and women’s courses, and is singularly good against the yellow jaundice, tertian and quartan agues, if the juice thereof be taken, but especially made up into a syrup. The juice also put to honey of roses, and barley-water, is very good to gargle the mouth and throat of those that have sores and ulcers in them, and will quickly heal them. The same lotion also cleanses and heals all other foul ulcers and cankers elsewhere, if they be washed there¬ with. The seed is especially used to break and expel wind, to kill worms, and to help a stinking breath. The root is effectual to all the purposes aforesaid, and is held to be stronger in operation than the herb, but especially to open obstructions, and to rid away any ague, if the juice thereof be taken in wine, or the decoction thereof in wine used. Y Y 172 THE COMPLETE HERBAL i Government and virtues.'] It is under the sopewort, or bruise wort. j dominion of Venus. Sorrel is prevalent in | all hot diseases, to cool any inflammation Descript.] The roots creep under \ and heat of blood in agues pestilential or ground far and near, with many joints \ choleric, or sickness and fainting, arising therein, of a brown colour on the outside j from heat, and to refresh the overspent and yellowish within, shooting forth in j spirits with the violence of furious or fiery divers places weak round stalks, full of j fits of agues ; to quench thirst, and procure joints, set with two leaves a-piece at every \ anappetitein fainting ordecaying stomachs: one of them on a contrary side, which are \ For it resists the putrefaction of the blood, ribbed somewhat like to plantain, and: kills rvorms, and is a cordial to the heart, fashioned like the common field white cam-; which the seed doth more effectually, being • pion leaves, seldom having any branches ! more drying and binding, and thereby stays from the sides of the stalks, but set with; the hot fluxes of women’s courses, or of flowers at the top, standing in long husks j humqurs in the bloody flux, or flux of the like the wild campions, made of five leaves \ stomach. The root also in a decoction, or a-plece, round at the ends, and dented in \ in powder, is effectual for all the said pur- the middle, of a rose colour, almost white, 1 poses. Both roots and seeds, as well as the sometimes deeper, sometimes paler; of a; herb, are held powerful to resist the poison reasonable scent. ; of the scorpion. The decoction of the roots Place.] It grows wild in many low and j is taken to help the jaundice, and to expel wet grounds of this land, by brooks and the \ the gravel and the stone in the reins or kid- sides of running waters. | neys. The decoction of the flowers made Time.] It flowers usually in July, and j with wine and drank, helps the black jaun- so continues all August, and part of Sep-dice, as also the inward ulcers of the body tember, before they be quite spent. : and bowels. A syrup made with the juice Government and virtues.] Venus owns it. \ of Sorrel and fumitory, is a sovereign help The country people in divers places do use J to kill those sharp humours that cause the to bruise the leaves of Sopewort, and lay it; itch. The juice thereof, with a little vine- to their fingers, hands or legs, when they \ gar, serves well to be used outwardly for are cut, to heal them up again. Some;the same cause, and is also profitable for make great boast thereof, that it is diureti-' tetters, ringworms, &c. It helps also to cal to provoke urine, aud thereby to expel|discuss the kernels in the throat; and the gravel and the stone in the reins or kidneys,; juice gargled in the mouth, helps the sores and do also account it singularly good to; therein. The leaves wrapt in a colewort void hydropical waters : and they no less j leaf and roasted in the embers, and applied extol it to perform an absolute cure in the; to a hard imposthume, botch, boil, or plague French pox, more than either sarsaparilla, \ sore, doth both ripen and break it. The guiacum, or China can do ; which, how distilled water of the herb is of much good true it is, I leave others to judge. ; use for all the purposes aforesaid. SORREL. i-J. * % % V «. WOOD SORREL. 2.4 . Our ordinary Sorrel, which grows in \ Descript.] This grows upon the ground, gardens, and also wild in the fields, is so; having a number of leaves coming from well known, that it needs no description, jthe root made of three leaves, like a trefoil, J AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 173 SOW THISTLE. but broad at the ends, and cut in the mid- j die, of a yellowish green colour, every one j standing on a long foot-stalk, which atj Sow Thistles are generally so well known, their first coming up are close folded toge- \ that they need no description, ther to the stalk, but opening themselves 1 Place ] They grow in gardens and afterwards, and are of a fine sour relish, j manured grounds, sometimes by old walls, and yielding a juice which will turn red j pathsides of fields, and high ways, when it is clarified, and makes a most j Government and virtues.] This and the dainty clear syrup. Among these leaves \ former are under the influence of Venus, rise up divers slender, weak foot-stalks, j Sow Thistles are cooling, and somewhat with every one of them a flower at the top, j binding, and are very fit, to cool a hot consisting of five small pointed leaves, star- j stomach, and ease the pains thereof. The fashion, of a white colour, in most places, s herb boiled in wine, is very helpful to stay and in some dashed over with a small show \ the dissolution of the stomach, and the milk of blueish, on the back side only. After! that is taken from the stalks when they are the flowers are past, follow small round I broken, given in drink, is beneficial to those heads, with small yellowish seed in them, j that are short winded, and have a wheez- The roots are nothing but small strings ling. Pliny saith, That it hath caused the fastened to the end of a small long piece; | gravel and stone to be voided by urine, and all of them being of a yellowish colour. j that the eating thereof helps a stinking Place.] It grows in many places of our \ breath. The decoction of the leaves and land, in woods and wood-sides, where they \ stalks causes abundance of milk in nurses, be moist and shadowed, and in other places 1 and their children to be well coloured. The not too much upon the Sun. jjuice or distilled water is good for all hot Time.] It flowers in April and May. | inflammations, wheals, and erputions or Government and virtues.] Venus owns it.; heat in the skin, itching of the hsemorr- Wood Sorrel serves to all the purposes thatfhoids. The juice boiled or thoroughly the other Sorrels do, and is more effectual j heated in a little oil of bitter almonds in the in hindering putrefaction of blood, and j peel of a pomegranate, and dropped into ulcers in the mouth and body, and to j the ears, is a sure remedy for deafness, sing- quench thirst, to strengthen a weak stomach, i ings, See. Three spoonfuls of the juice to procure an appetite, to stay vomiting, \ taken, warmed in white wine, and some and very excellent in any contagious sick- * wine put thereto, causes women in travail ness or pestilential fevers. The syrup made! to have so easy and speedy a delivery, that of the juice, is effectual in all the cases ithey may be able to walk presently after, aforesaid, and so is the distilled water of jit is wonderful good for women to wash the herb. Sponges or linen cloths wet in j their faces with, to clear the skin, and give the juice and applied outwardly to any hot jit a lustre, swelling or inflammations, doth much cool j and help them. The same juice taken and \ gargled in the mouth, and after it is spit t Southern Wood is so well known to be forth, taken afresh, doth wonderfully help a j an ordinary inhabitant in our gardens, foul stinking canker or ulcer therein. It j that I shall not need to trouble you with is singularly good to heal wounds, or* to j any description thereof, stay the bleeding of thrusts or scabs in the: Time.] It flowers for the most part in body. j July and August. SOUTHERN WOOD. £ t 174 THE COMPLETE HERBAL Government and virtues. It is a gallant mercurial plant, worthy of more esteem than it hath. Dioscorides saith, That the seed Jbruised, heated in warm water, and drank, helps those that are bursten, or troubled with cramps or convulsions of the sinews, the sciatica, or difficulty in making water, and bringing down women's courses. The same taken in wine is an antidote, or counter-poison against all deadly poison, and drives away serpents and other venom¬ ous creatures ; as also the smell of the herb, being burnt, doth the same. The oil thereof anointed on the back-bone before the fits of agues come, takes them away: It takes away inflammations in the eyes, if it be put with some part of a roasted quince, and boiled with a few crumbs of bread, and ap¬ plied. Boiled with barley-meal it takes away pimpels, pushes or wheals that arise in the face, or other parts of the body. The seed as well as the dried herb, is often given to kill the worms in children : The herb bruised and laid to, helps to draw forth splinters and thorns out of the flesh. The ashes thereof dries up and heals old ulcers, that are without inflammation, although by the sharpness thereof it bites sore, and puts them to sore pains; as also the sores in the privy parts of man or woman. The ashes mingled with old sallad oil, helps those that have hair fallen, and are bald, causing the hair to grow again either on the head or beard. Daranters saith. That the oil made ot Southern-wood, and put among the oint¬ ments that are used against the French dis¬ ease, is very effectual, and likewise kills lice in the head. The distilled water of the herb is said to help them much that are troubled with the stone, as also for the dis¬ eases of the spleen and mother. The Ger¬ mans commend it for a singular wound herb, and therefore call it Stabwort. It is held by all writers, ancient and modern, to be more offensive to the stomach than worm-wood. SPIGNEL, OR SPIKENARD. Descript. The roots of common Spig- 4 nel do spread much and deep in the ground, | many strings or branches growing from one ‘ head, which is hairy at the top, of a black¬ ish brown colour on the outside, and while ^ within, from whence rise sundry long stalks | taste, from whece rise sundry long stalks \ of most fine cut leaves like hair, smaller ; than dill, set thick on both sides of the 1 stalks, and of a good scent. Among these \ leaves rise up round stiff stalks, with a few | joints and leaves on them, and at the tops \ an umbel of pure white flowers; at the \ edges whereof sometimes will be seen a \ shew of the reddish blueish colour, especi- Ially before they be full blown, and are succeeded by small, somewhat round seeds, 5 bigger than the ordinary fennel, and of a \ brown colour, divided into two parts, and \ crusted on the back, as most of the umbel- \ liferous seeds are. | Place.] It grows wild in Lancashire, ^ Yorkshire, and other northern counties, and l is also planted in gardens* Government and virtues.] It is an herb of i Venus. Galen saith, The roots of Spignel 5 are available to provoke urine, and women's \ courses ; but if too much thereof be taken, \ it causes head-ache. The roots boiled in I wine or water, and drank, helps the stran- \ guary and stoppings of the urine, the wind, \ swellings and pains in the stomach, pains \of the mother, and all joint-aches. If the | powder of the root be mixed with honey, i and the same taken as a licking medicine, | it breaks tough phlegm, and dries up the ^ rheum that falls on the lungs. The roots are \ accounted very effectual against the sting- \ ing or biting of any venomous creature. x \ SPLEENWORT. t CETER AC1I, TONGUE. £ OR HEARTS 2-1 . \ Descript.] The smooth Spleen wort, from | a black, thready and bushy root, sends forth AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 175 nitiny long single leaves, cut in on both j down to the ground, that it seems a pretty sides into round dents almost to the middle, \ bush, set with divers the like divided leaves which is not so hard as that of polypody, I up to the tops, where severally do stand each division being not always set opposite | small whitish green heads, set with sharp unto the other, cut between each, smooth, \ white pricks (no part of the plant else being and ot a light green on the upper side, and \ prickly) which are somewhat yellowish ; a dark yellowish roughness on the back,» out of the middle whereof rises the flowers, folding or rolling itself inward at the first! composed of many small reddish purple springing up. \ threads ; and in the heads, after the flowers Place .] It grows as well upon stone j are past, come small whitish round seed, walls, as moist and shadowy places, about j lying down as others do. The root is small, Bristol, and other the west parts plentifully; | long and woody, perishing every year, and as also on Framlingham Castle, on Bea- \ rising again of its own sowing, consfield church in Berkshire, at Stroud in j Place.'] It grows wild in the fields about Kent, and elsewhere, and abides green all} London in many places, as at Mile-End green, and many other places. the Winter. Government and virtues.] Saturn OAvns it. \ ~ Time.] It flowers early, and seeds in It is generally used against infirmities of j July, and sometimes in August, the Spleen : It helps the stranguary, and j Government and virtues.] This, as almost wasteth the stone in the bladder, and is! all Thistles are, is under Mars. The seed good against the yellow jaundice and the \ of this Star Thistle made into powder, and hiccough ; but the juice of it in women j drank in wine, provokes urine, and helps hinders conception. Matthiolus saith, That j to break the stone, and drives it forth. The if a dram of the dust that is on the back-1 root in powder, and given in wine and side of the leaves be mixed with half a dram j drank, is good against the plague and pes- of amber in powder, and taken with the j tilence ; and drank in the morning fasting juice of purslain or plantain, it helps the \ for some time together, it is very profitable gonorrhea speedily, and that the herb and j for fistulas in any part of the body, root being boiled and taken, helps alljBaptista Sardas doth much commend the melancholy diseases, and those especially \ distilled water thereof, being drank, to help that arise from the French diseases, j the French disease, to open the obstructions Camerarius saith, That the distilled water \ of the liver, and cleanse the blood from thereof being drank, is very effectual against f corrupted humours, and is profitable against the stone in the reins and bladder ; and j the quotidian or tertian ague, that the lye that is made of the ashes there- \ of being drank for some time together, j strawberries. helps splenetic persons. It is used in out-j ward remedies for the same purpose. j These are so well known through this jland, that they need no description. \ Time.] They flower in May ordinarily, ‘ Descript.] A common Star Thistle has j and the fruit is ripe shortly after, divers narrow leaves lying next the ground, \ Government and virtues.] Venus owns the cut on the edges somewhat deeply into j herb. Strawberries, when they are green, many parts, soft or a little woolly, all over j are cool and dry; but when they are ripe, green, among which rise up divers weak | they are cool and moist: The berries are stalks, parted into many branches, all lying j excellently good to cool the liver, the blood, (17, 18.) z z STAR THISTLE. (?. 176 THE COMPLETE HERBAL and the spleen, or an hot choleric stomach ; t and for such other defects in them as may to refresh and comfort the fainting spirits, 5 be helped by any outward medicine. and quench thirst: They aie good also foi $ succory, or chicory. other inflammations ; yet it is not amiss Lo | 27 • refrain from them in a fever, lest by their:; Descvipt.~ ] The gaiden Succory hath putrifying in the stomach they increase ! long and narrower leaves than the Endive, the fits. The leaves and roots boiled \ and more cut in or torn on the edges, and in wine and water, and drank, do like- \ the root abides many years. It bears also wise cool the liver and blood, and assuage \ blue flowers like Endive, and the seed is all inflammations in the reins and bladder, | hardly distinguished from the seed ot the provoke urine, and allay the heat and ; smooth or ordinary Endive, sharpness thereof. The same also being $ The wild Succory hath divers long leaves drank stays the bloody flux and women’s j lying on the ground, very much cut in or courses, and helps the swelling of the ; torn on the edges, on both sides, even to the spleen. The water of the Berries carefully $ middle rib, ending in a point; sometimes distilled, is a sovereign remedy and cordial: it hath a rib down to the middle of the in the panting and beating of the heart, j leaves, from among which rises up a hard, and is good for the yellow jaundice. The j round, woody stalk, spreading into many juice dropped into foul ulcers, or they j branches, set with smaller and less divided washed therewith, or the decoction of the j leaves on them up to the tops, where stand herb and root, doth wonderfully cleanse \ the flowers, which are like the garden kind, and help to cure them. Lotions and gar- \ and the seed is also (only take notice that gles for sore mouths, or ulcers therein, or in ; the flowers of the garden kind are gone in the privy parts or elsewhere, are made with ; on a sunny day, they being so cold, that the leaves and roots thereof,; which is also \ they are not able to endure the beams of the good to fasten loose teeth, and to heal! sun, and therefore more delight in the shade) spungy foul gums. It helps also to stay > the root is white, but more hard and woody catarrhs, or deductions of rheum in the \ than the garden kind. I he whole plant is mouth, throat, teeth, or eyes. The juice orexceedingly bitter. water is singularly good for hot and red; Placed] This grows in many places of inflamed eyes, if dropped into them, or they ; our land in waste untilled and barren fields, bathed therewith. It is also of excellent \ The other only in gardens, property for all pushes, wheals and other i Government and virtues. It is an herb of breakings forth of hot and sharp humours \ Jupiter. Garden Succory, as it is more in the face and hands, and other parts of i dry and less cold than Endive, so it opens the body, to bathe them therewith, and to j more. An handful of the leaves, or roots take away any redness in the face, or spots,j boiled in wine or water, and a draught or oth§r deformities in the skin, and to make \ thereof drank fasting, drives forth choleric it clear and smooth. Some use this medi-1 and phlegmatic humours, opens obstruc- cine , Take so many Strawberries as you ; tions of the liver, gall and spleen ; helps the shall think fitting, and put them into a dis-i yellow jaundice, the heat of the reins, and tillatory, or body of glass fit for them, which j of the urine; the dropsy also ; and those being well closed, set it in a bed of horse; that have an evil disposition in their bodies, dung for your use. It is an excellent water \ by reason of long sickness, evil diet, &c. for hot inflamed eyes, and to take away a; which the Greeks call Cachexia. A decoc- film or skin that begins to grow over them, j tion thereof made with wine, and drank, is AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. m very effectual against long lingering agues of choler, thereby preventing diseases and a dram of the seed in powder, drank in »arising from choleric humours. It expels wine, before the fit of the ague, helps to j poisonmucli,resists pestilential fevers,being drive it away. The distilled water of the j exceeding good also for tertian agues: You herb and flowers (if you can take them in j may drink the decoction of it, if you please, time) hath the like properties, and ises-ifor all the foregoing infirmities. It is so pecially good for hot stomachs, and in j harmless an herb, you can scarce use it agues, either pestilential or of long con- \ amiss : Being bruised and applied to the tinuance ; for swoonings and passions of * place, it helps the king's evil, and any other the heart, for the heat and head-ache in j knots or kernels in the flesh ; as also the children, and for the blood and liver. The \ piles. said water, or the juice, 01 the bruised{ English tobacco, je. zS- leaves applied outwardly, allay swellings, $ inflammations, St. Anthony's fire, pushes, i Descript .] This rises up with a round wheals, and pimples, especially used with j thick stalk, about two feet high, whereon a little vinegar ; as also to wash pestiferous j do grow thick, flat green leaves, nothing so sores. The said water is very effectual for j large as the other Indian kind, somewhat sore eyes that are inflamed with redness, \ round pointed also, and nothing dented for nurses’ breasts that are pained by the \ about the edges. The stalk branches forth, abundance of milk. * \ and bears at the tops divers flowers set on The wild Succory, as it is more bitter, \ great husks like the other, but nothing so so it is more strengthening to the stomach $ large : scarce standing above the brims of and liver. jthe husks, round pointed also, and of a {greenish yellow •colour. The seed that stone-crop, prick-madam, or small- \ f 0 ]j oW g no t s0 bright, but larger, con- houseleek. Itained in the like great heads. The roots Descript.] It grows with divers trailing \ are neither so great nor woody ; it perishes branches upon the ground, set with many j every year with the hard frosts in Winter, thick, flat, roundish, whitish green leaves, \ but rises generally from its own sowing, pointed at the ends. The flowers stand,] Place.'] This came from some parts of many of them together, somewhat loosely.; Brazil, as it is thought, and is more familiar The roots are small, and run creeping under \ in our country than any of the other sorts ; around. ** j early giving ripe seed, which the others sel- ° Place.] It grows upon the stone walls idom do. and mud walls, upon the tiles of houses and j Time. J It flowers fiom June, sometimes pent-houses, and amongst rubbish, and in jto the end of August, 01 later, and the seed other gravelly places. ' \ ripens in the mean time. Time.] It flowers in June and July, and j Government and virtues .] It is a martial the leaves are green all the Winter. j plant. It is found by good experience to Government and virtues.] It is under the ? be available to expectorate tough phlegm dominion of the Moon, cold in quality,»from the stomach, chest, and lungs. Ihe and something binding, and therefore very j juice thereof made into a syrup,' or the dis- good to stay deductions, especially such as j tilled water of the herb drank with some fall upon the eyes. It stops bleeding, both \ sugar, or without, if you will, or the smoak inward and outward, helps cankers, and all j taken by a pipe, as is usual, but fainting, fretting sores and ulcers; it abates the heat \ helps to expel worms in the stomach and 178 THE COMPLETE HERBAL belly, and to ease the pains in the head, orjor June, and the seed is ripe and blown megrim, and the griping pains in the bowels, away in the beginning of September. It is profitable for those that are troubled j Government arid virtues.'] A gallant Sa- with the stone in the kidneys, both to ease j turnine herb it is. The root, leaves, young the pains by provoking urine, and also to j branches, or bark boiled in wine, and drank, expel gravel and the stone engendered j stays the bleeding of the haemorrhodical therein, and hath been found very effectual j veins, the spitting of blood, the too abound- to expel windiness, and other humours, j ing of women’s courses, the jaundice, the which cause the strangling of the mother. \ cholic, and the biting of all venomous ser- The seed hereof is very effectual to expel \ pents, except the asp ; and outwardly ap- the tooth ache, and the ashes of the burnt j plied, is very powerful against the hardness herb to cleanse the gums, and make the \ of the spleen, and the tooth-ache, pains in teeth white. The herb bruised and ap- ; the ears, red and watering eyes. The de- plied to the place grieved with the king’s ; coction, with some honey put thereto, is evil, helps it in nine or ten days effectually, j good to stay gangrenes and fretting ulcers, Monardus saith, it is a counter poison I and to wash those that are subject to nits against the biting of any venomous crea-*and lice. Alpinus and Veslingius affirm, ture, the herb also being outwardly applied j That the Egyptians do with good success to the hurt place. The distilled water is | use the wood of it to cure the French dis- often given with some sugar before the fit; ease, as others do with lignum vitae or of an ague, to lessen it, and take it away in \ guiacum ; and give it also to those who three or four times using. If the distilled j have the leprosy, scabs, ulcers, or the like, faeces of the herb, having been bruised be-j Its ashes doth quickly heal blisters raised fore the distillation, and ,not distilled dry,; by burnings or scaldings. It helps the be set in warm dung for fourteen days, and j dropsy, arising from the hardness of the afterwards be hung in a bag in a wine; spleen, and therefore to drink out of cups cellar, the liquor that distills therefrom is \ made of the wood is good for splenetic singularly good to use in cramps, aches,; persons. It is also helpful for melancholy, the gout and sciatica, and to heal itches, | and the black jaundice that arise thereof, scabs, and running ulcers, cankers, and all > foul sores whatsoever. The juice is also! garden tansy. good for all the said griefs, and likewise to ! . kill lice in children’s heads. The green \ Garden Tansy is so well known, that herb bruised and applied to any green ; it needs no description. wounds, cures any fresh wound or cut; Time.] It flowers in June and July. whatsoever: and the juice put into old; Government and virtues.] Dame Venus was sores, both cleanses and heals them. There i minded to pleasure women with child by this is also made hereof a singularly good salve \ herb,for there grows not an herb, fitter for their to help imposthumes, hard tumours, and : use than this is ; it is just as though it were other swellings by blows and falls. ; cut out for the purpose. This herb bruised ; and applied to the naval, stays miscarriages; the tamarisk tree. * I know no herb like it for that use : Boiled | in ordinary beer, and the decoction drank, It is so well known in the place where it;doth the like; and if her womb be not as grows, 'hat it needs no description. ; she would have it, this decoction will make Time.] It dowers about the end of May,j it so. Let those women that desire chil- AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 179 dren love this herb, it is their best com-! and it is true enough, that it will stop the panion, their husbands excepted. Also it5 terms, if worn so, and the whites too, for consumes the phlegmatic humours, the cold \ ought I know. It stays also spitting or and moist constitution of Winter most j vomiting of blood. The powder of the usually affects the body of man with, and \ herb taken in some of the distilled water, that was the first reason of eating tansies in \ helps the whites in women,? but more es- the Spring. The decoction of the common j pecially if a little coral and ivory in pow- Tansy, or the juice drank in wine, is a sin- jder be put to it. It is also recommenced gular remedy for all the griefs that come! to help children that are bursten, and have by slopping of the urine, helps the stran-j a rupture, being boiled in water and salt, guary and those that have weak reins and j Being boiled in water and drank, it eases kidneys. It is also very profitable to dis-l the griping pains of the bowels, and is good solve and expel wind in the stomach, belly,! for the sciaticabmd joint-aches. The sanje or bowels, to procure women's courses, and \ boiled in vinegar, with honey and allum, expel windiness in the matrix, if it be bruis- \ and gargled in the mouth, eases the pains ed and often smelled unto, as also applied jof the tooth-ache, fastens loose teeth, helps to the lower part of the belly. It is also j the gums that are sore, and settles the very profitable for such women as are given j palate of the mouth in its place, when it is to miscarry. It is used also against the j fallen down. It cleanses and heals ulcers stone in the reins, especially to men. The jin the Tmouth, or secret parts, and is very herb fried with eggs (as it is the custom in * good for inward wounds, and to close the the Spring-time) which is called a Tansy, j lips of green wounds, and to heal old, moist, helps to digest and carry downward those j and corrupt running sores in^the legs or bad humours that trouble the stomach, j elsewhere. Being bruised and applied to The seed is very profitably given to chil-Jthe soles of the feet and hand wiists, it dren for the worms, and the juice in drink. wonderfully cools the hot fits of agues, be is as effectual. Being boiled in oil, it isi they never so violent. Ihe distilled water good for the sinews shrunk by cramps, or 5 cleanses the skin of all discolourings there- pained with colds, if thereto applied. jin, as morphew, sun-burnings, &c. as also i pimples, freckles, and the like; and wild tansy, or silver weed. j dropped into the eyes, or cloths wet therein This is also so well known, that it needs * and applied, takes away the heat and in- no description. \ flammations in them. PfaceJ It grows in every place y j thistles. Time.] It flowers in June and July { Government and virtues .] Now Damej Of these are many kinds growing herein Venus hath fitted women with two herbs of \ England which are so well known, that one name, the one to help conception, and \ they need no description : Their difference the other to maintain beauty, and what \ is easily known on the places where they more can be expected of her? What now i grow, viz. remains for you, but to love your husbands,; Place.'] Some grow in fields, some in and not to be wanting to your poor neigh- i meadows, and some among the corn ; others hours? Wild Tansy stays the lask, and all j on heaths, greens, and waste grounds in the fluxes of blood in men and women, * many places. which some sav it will do, if the green herb i Time.] They flower in June and August, be worn in the shoes, so it be next the skin : Jand their seed is ripe quickly after. (17, 18.) * 3 a 180 THE COMPLETE HERBAL Government and virtues .J Surely IVlurs i being dra.uk, expels superfluous melancholy rules it, it is such a prickly business. All \ out of the body, and makes a man as merry these thistles are good to provoke urine, j as a cricket; superfluous melancholy causes and to mend the stinking smell thereof; as j care, fear, sadness, despair, envy, and many also the rank smell of the arm-pits, or the! evils more besides ; but religion teaches to whole body; being boiled in wine and \ wait upon God’s providence, and cast our drank, and are said to help a stinking {care upon him who cares for us. What a br£ath, and to strengthen the stomach, * fine thing were it if men and women could Pliny saith, That the juice bathed on the j live so P And yet seven years’ care and fear place that wants hair, it being fallen off, J makes a man never the wiser, nor a farthing will cause it to grow speedily. ; richer. Dioscorides saith, the root borne } about one doth the like, and removes all the melancholy thistle. {diseases of melancholy. Modern writers Descript.'] It rises up with tender single! laugh at him ; Let them laugh that win: my hoary green stalks, bearing thereon four or j opinion is, that it is the best remedy against five green leaves, dented about the edges; *all melancholy diseases that grows; they the points thereof are little or nothing j that please may use it. prickly, and at the top usually but one head, \ OUR LADY J S thistle. yet sometimes from the bosom ot the upper- \ most leaves there shoots forth another small | Descript.] Our Lady’s Thistle hath head, scaly and prickly, with many reddish j divers very large and broad leaves lying on thrumbs or threads in the middle, which \ the ground cut in, and as it were crumpled, being gathered fresh, will keep the colour ; but somewhat hairy on the edges, of a white a long time, and fades not from the stalk a i green shining colour, wherein are many long time, while it perfects the seed, which \ lines and streaks of a milk white colour, is of a mean bigness, lying in the down. \ running all over, and set with many sharp The root hath many strings fastened to the land stiff prickles all about, among which head, or upper part, which is blackish, and \ rises up one or more strong, round, and perishes not. ; prickly stalks, set full of the like leaves up There is another sort little differing from \ to the top, where at the end of every branch, the former, but that the leaves are more j comes forth a great prickly Thistle-like green above, and more hoary underneath, \ head, strongly armed with prickles, and and the stalk being about two feet high, 1 with bright purple thumbs rising out of the bears but one scaly head, with threads and \ middle ; after they are past, the seed grows seeds as the former. i in the said heads, lying in soft white down, Place.] They grow in many moist mea- {which is somewhat flattish in the ground, dows of this land, as well in the southern, as 1 and many strings and fibres fastened there¬ in the northern parts. > unto. All the whole plant is bitter in taste. Time.] They flower about July ori Place.] It is frequent on the banks of August, and their seed ripens quickly after. *almost every ditch. Government and virtues.] It is under; Time.] It flowers and seeds in June, Capricorn, and therefore under both Saturn j July, and August. and Mars, one rids melancholy by sympa-j Government and virtues.] Our Lady’s thy, the other by antipathy. Their virtues; Thistle is under Jupiter, and thought to be are but few, but those not to be despised ; \ as effectual as Carduus Benedictus for for the decoction of the thistle in wine j agues, and to prevent and cure the infection AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 181 of the plague : as also to open the obstruc-j persons that have their bodies drawn toge- tions of the liver and spleen, and thereby is j ther by some spasm or convulsion, or other good against the jaundice. It provokes j infirmities ; as the rickets (or as the college urine, breaks and expels the stone, and is$of physicians would have it, Rachites, about good for the dropsy. It is effectual also for | which name they have quarrelled sufficiently) the pains in the sides, and many other in- j in children, being a disease that hinders ward pains and gripings. The seed and! their growth, by binding their nerves, distilled water is held powerful to all the ligaments, and whole structure of their purposes aforesaid, and besides, it is often j body, applied both outwardly with cloths or* , spunges to the region of the liver, to cool: TIIE FULLER s T p I ^ E 1 E, J< $?, TEASLE - the distemper thereof, and to the region of: It is so well known, that it needs no the heart, against swoonings and the pas- \ description, being used with the cloth- sions of it. It cleanses the blood exceed- * workers. ingly : and in Spring, if you please to boil j The wild Teasle is in all things like the the tender plant (but cut off the prickles, j former, but that the prickles are small, soft, unless you have a mind to choak yourself) j and upright, not hooked or stiff, and the it will change your blood as the season : flowers of this are of a fine blueish, or pale changes, and that is the way to be safe. ? carnation colour, but of the manured kind, * whitish. THE WOOLLEN, OR, COTTON THISTLE. \ m. r . , . | 1 lace. J the first grows, being sown in Descript.] This has many large leaves ? gardens or fields for the use of cloth workers: lying upon the ground, somewhat cut in, |The other near ditches and rills of water in and as it were crumpled on the edges, of a: many places of this land, green colour on the upper side, but covered ; Time.'] They flower in July, and are ripe over with a long hairy wool or cotton down, 1 in the end of August. set with most sharp and cruel pricks ; from * Government and virtues.] It is an herb of the middle of whose heads of flowers come : Venus. Dioscorides saith, That the root forth many purplish crimson threads, and : bruised and boiled in wine, till it be thick, sometimes white, although but seldom. * and kept in a brazen vessel, and after spread The seed that follow in those white downy; as a salve, and applied to the fundament, heads, is somewhat large and round, re-'doth heal the cleft thereof, cankers and sembling the seed of Lady’s Thistle, but: fistulas therein, also takes away warts and paler. The root is great and thick, spread- : wens. The juice of the leaves dropped into ing much, yet usually dies after seed time. | the ears, kills worms in them. The dis- Place.] It grows on divers ditch-banks, \ tilled water of the leaves dropped into the and in the corn-fields, and highways, gene-: eyes, takes away redness and mists in them rally throughout the land, and is often j that hinder the sight, and is often used by growing in gardens. $ women to preserve their beauty, and to take Government and virtues.] It is a plant of \ away redness and inflammations, and all Mars. Dioscorides and Pliny write. That * other heat or discolourings. the leaves and roots hereof taken in drink, j 1 , ,1.1 • | • ,r • TREACLE MUSTARD. help those that have a crick in their neck,: that they cannot turn it, unless they turn j Descript.] It rises up with a hard round their whole body. Galen saith. That the \ stalk, about a foot high, parted into some roots and leaves hereof are good for such • branches, having divers soft green leaves. 182 THE COMPLETE HERBAL long and narrow, set thereon, waved, but not cut into the edges, broadest towards the ends, somewhat round pointed ; the flowers are white that grow at the tops of the branches, spike-fashion, one above another; after which come round pouches, parted in the middle with a furrow, having one black¬ ish brown seed on either side, somewhat sharp in taste, and smelling of garlick, especially in the fields where it is natural, but not so much in gardens : The roots are small and thready, perishing every year. Give me leave here to add Mithridate Mustard, although it may seem more pro¬ perly by the name to belong to M, in the alphabet/ MITHRIDATE MUSTARD. Descript .] This grows higher than the former, spreading more and higher branches, whose leaves are smaller and narrower, sometimes unevenly dented about the edges. The flowers are small and white, growing on long branches, with much smaller and rounder vessels after them, and parted in the same manner, having smaller brown seeds than the former, and much sharper in taste. The root perishes after;seed time, but abides the first Winter after springing. Place.] They grow in sundry places in this land, as half a mile from Hatfield, by the river side, under a hedge as you go to Hatfield, and in the street of Peckham on Surrey side. Time.] They flower and seed from May to August. Government and virtues .] Both of them are herbs of Mars. The Mustards are said to purge the body both upwards and down¬ wards, and procure women’s courses so abundantly, that it suffocates the birth. It breaks inward imposthumes, being taken inwardly; and used in clysters, helps the sciatica. The seed applied, doth the same. It is an especial ingredient in mithridate and treacle, being of itself an antidote * , i resisting poison, venom and putrefaction. ; It is also available in many cases for which \ the common Mustard is used, but somewhat. | weaker. * THE BLACK THORN, OR SLOE-BUSH. § It is so well known, that it needs no \ description. \ Place.] It grows in every county in the | hedges and borders of fields. \ Time.'] It flowers in April, and some- \ times in March, but the fruit ripens after all \ other plums whatsoever, and is not fit to ; be eaten until the Autumn frost mellow j them. Government and virtues.] All the parts of I the Sloe-Bush are binding, cooling, and | dry, and all effectual to stay bleeding at the | nose and mouth, or any other place; the j lask of the belly or stomach, or the bloody \ flux, the too much abounding of women’s \ courses, and helps to ease the pains of the j sides, and bowels, that come by overmuch j scouring, to drink the decoction of the bark | of the roots, or more usually the decoction \ of the berries, either fresh or dried. The \ conserve also is of very much use, and more j familiarly taken for the purposes aforesaid, j But the distilled water of the flower first j steeped in sack for a night, and drawn \ therefrom by the heat of Balneum and jAnglico, a bath, is a most certain remedy, j tried and approved, to ease all manner of j gnawings in the stomach, the sides and bowels, or any griping pains in any of them, to drink a small quantity when the extre- jmity of pain is upon them. The leaves j also are good to make lotions to gargle and } wash the mouth and throat, wherein are > swellings, sores, or kernels ; and to stay the * deductions of rheum to the eyes, or other | parts ; as also to cool the heat and inflam- jmations of them, and ease hot pains of the \ head, to bathe the forehead and temples | therewith. The simple distilled water of jthe flowers is very effectual for the said AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 18S THOROUGH WAX, OR THOROUGH <• 2- S' purposes, and the condensate juice of the! applied with a little dour and wax to cliil- Sloes. The distilled water of the green j'dren’s navels that slick forth, it helps them, berries is used also for the said effects. \ , 5 THIME . Cr, , leaf. ? It is in vain to describe an herb so com- ; monly known. Descript .] Common Thorough-Wax | Government and virtues .] It is a noble sends forth a strait round stalk, two feet j strengthener of the lungs, as notable a one high, or better, whose lower leaves beingjas grows; neither is there scarce a better of a bluish colour, are smaller and narrower i remedy growing for that disease in children than those up higher, and stand close there- \ which they commonly call the Chin-cough, to, not compassing it; but as they grow j than it is. It purges the body of phlegm, higher, they do not encompass the stalks, land is an excellent remedy for shortness of until it wholly pass through them, branch- \ breath. It kills worms in the belly, and ing toward the top into many parts, where 1 being a notable herb of Venus, provokes the leaves grow smaller again, every one | the terms, gives safe and speedy delivery- standing singly, and never two at a joint. \ to women in travail, and brings away the The flowers are small and yellow, standing \ after birth. It is so harmless you need not in tufts at the heads of the branches, where ; fear the use of it. An ointment made of it afterwards grow the seed, being blackish,! takes away hot swellings and warts, helps many thick thrust together. The root is \ the sciatica and dullness of sight, and takes small, lono- and woody, perishing every \ away pains and hardness ot the spleen, year, after seed-time, and rising again plen-; Tis excellent for those that are troubled tftully of its own sowing. j with the gout. It eases pains in the loins Place.] It is found growing in many | and hips. The herb taken any way in¬ corn-fields and pasture grounds in this j wardly, comforts the stomach much, and land. 7 j expels wind. Time.\ It flowers in July, and the seed * WILD THYME> G r mother of thyme. is ripe in August. \ Government and virtues .j Both this and j V ild Thyme also is so well known, that the former are under the influence of j it needs no description. Saturn. Thorough-Wax is of singular good j Place.~\ It. may be found commonly in use for all sorts of bruises and wounds either \ commons, and other barren places through- inward or outward ; and old ulcers and ? out the nation. sores likewise, if the decoction of the herb! Government and virtues.'] It is under the with water and wine be drank,-and the j dominion of Venus, and under the sign place washed therewith, or the juice of the j Aries, and therefore chiefly appropriated green herb bruised, or boiled, either by ; to tlx itself, or with other herbs, in oil or hog’s | terms, grease, to be made into an ointment to serve; belly, * The ' • 1 ’ ; head. It provokes urine and the and eases the griping pain of the cramps, ruptures, and inflamation you make a vinegar of the all the year. the decoction ot the herb, $ of the hvei or powder of the dried herb, taken inwardly, j herb, as vinegar of roses is made (you may <1 tne same, or the leaves bruised, and j find out the way in my translation of the and applied outwardly, is singularly good for I London Dispensatory) and anoint the head all ruptures and ‘ burstings, especially in j with it, it presently stops the pains thereof. old. Being lit is excellently good to be given either in children before they ( 19 , 20 .) O be too 11 184 THE COMPLETE HERBAL phrenzy or lethargy, although they are two | is an ingredient in all antidotes or counter contrary diseases: It helps spitting and! poisons. Andreas Urlesius is of opinion voiding of blood, coughing, and vomiting ; that the decoction of this root is no less it comforts and strengthens the head, \ effectual to cure the French pox than Gui- stomach, reins, and womb, expels wind,' acuin 01 China, anti it is not unlikely, and breaks the stone. \ because it so mightily resists putrefaction. ;The root taken inwardly is most effectual tormentil, or septfoil. [ ie ip a ny flux of the belly, stomach, Descript .] This hath reddish, slender, j spleen, or blood; and the juice wonder- weak branches rising from the root, lying \ fully opens obstructions of the liver and on the ground, rather leaning than standing | lungs, and thereby helps the yellow jaun- upright, with many short leaves that stand dice. The powder or decoction drank, or closer to the stalk than cinquefoil (to which ; to sit thereon as a bath, is an assured remedy this is very like) with the root-stalk com- {against abortion, if it proceed from the passing the branches in several places; but j over flexibility or weakness of the inward those that grow to the ground*are set upon i retentive faculty; as also a plaster made long foot stalks, each whereof are like the \ therewith, and vinegar applied to the reins leaves of cinquefoil, but somewhat long and j of the back, doth much help not only this, lesser dented about the edges, many of j but also those that cannot hold their water, them divided into five leaves, but most 1 the powder being taken in the juice of of them into seven, whence it is also calledj plaintain, and is also commended against Septfoil; } 7 et some may have six, and some j the worms in children. It is very powerful eight, according to the fertility of the soil.- in ruptures and burstings, as also for bruises At the tops of the branches stand divers j and falls, to be used as well outwardly as small yellow flowers, consisting of five | inwardly. The root hereof made up with leaves, like those of cinquefoil, but smaller, j pellitory of Spain and allum, and put into The root is smaller than bistort, somewhat \ a hollow tooth, not only assuages the pain, thick, but blacker without, and not so red | but stays the flux of humours which causes within, yet sometimes a little crooked,; it. Tormentil is no less effectual and having blackish fibres thereat. \ powerful a remedy against outward wounds, Placed] It grows as well in woods and j sores and hurts, than for inward, and is shadowy places, as in the open champain j therefore a special ingredient to be used in country, about the borders of fields in many | wound drinks, lotions and injections, for places of this land, and almost in every j foul corrupt rotten sores and ulcers of the broom field in Essex. \ mouth, secrets, or other parts of the body. Time.~\ It flowers all the Summer long, * The juice or powder of the root put in Government and virtues .This is a gallant I ointments, plaisters, and such things that herb of the Sun. Tormentil is most ex- j are to be applied to wounds or sores, is very cellent to stay all kind of fluxes of blood or j effectual, as the juice of the leaves and the humours in man or woman, whether at j root bruised and applied to the throat or nose, mouth, or belly. The juice of the \ jaws, heals the king's evil, and eases the herb of the root, or the decoction thereof, j pain of the sciatica; the same used with a taken with some Venice treacle, and theHittle vinegar, is a special remedy against person laid to sweat, expels any venom or * the running sores of the head or other poison, or the plague, fever, or other con- \ parts ; scabs also, and the itch or any such tagious diseases, as pox, measles, &c. for it j eruptions in the skin, proceeding of salt and AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 185 sharp humours. The same is also effectual for the piles or haemorrhoids, if they be washed or bathed therewith, or with the distilled water of tWe herb and roots. It is found also helpful to dry up any sharp rheum that distills from the head into the eyes, causing redness, pain, waterings, itch¬ ing, or the like, if a little prepared tutia, or white amber, be used with the distilled water thereof. And here is enough, only remember the Sun challengeth this herb. TURNSOLE, OR HELIOTROPIUM. Descript. The greater Turnsole rises with one upright stalk, about a foot high, or more, dividing itself almost from the bottom, into divers small branches, of a hoary colour; at each joint of the stalk and branches grow small broad leaves, somewhat white and hairy. At the tops of the stalks and branches stand small white flowers, consisting of four, and sometimes five small leaves, set in order one above another, upon a small crooked spike, which turns inwards like a bowed finger, opening by degrees as the flowers blow open; after which in their place come forth cornered seed, four for the most part standing together; the root is small and thready, perishing every year, and the seed shedding every year, raises it again the next spring. Place .] It grows in gardens, and flowers and seeds with us, notwithstanding it is not natural to this land, but to Italy, Spain, and France, where it grows plentifully. Government and virtues .] It is an herb of the Sun, and a good one too. Dioscorides saith, That a good handful of this, which is called the Great Turnsole, boiled in water, and drank, purges both choler and phlegm; and boiled with cummin, helps the stone in the reins, kidneys, or bladder, provokes urine and women’s courses, and causes an easy and speedy delivery in child-birth. The leaves bruised and applied to places pained with the gout, or that have been out of joint and newly set, and full of pain, do give much ease; the seed and juice of the leaves also being rubbed with a little salt upon warts and wens, and other kernels in the face, eye-lids, or any other part of the body, will, by often using, take them away. MEADOW TREFOIL, OR HONEYSUCKLES. It is so well known, especially by the name of Honeysuckles, white and red, that I need not describe them. Placed] They grow almost every where in this land. Government and virtues .] Mercury hath dominion over the common sort. Dodo- neus saith, The leaves and flowers are good to ease the griping pains of the gout, the herb being boiled and used in a clyster. If the herb be made into a poultice, and applied to inflammations, it will ease them. The juice dropped in the eyes, is a familiar medicine, with many country people, to take away the pin and web (as they call it) in the eyes; it also allays the heat and blood shooting of them. Country people do also in many places drink the juice thereof against the biting of an adder; and having boiled the berb in water, they first wash the place with the decoction, and then lay some of the herb also to the hurt place. The herb also boiled in swine’s grease, and so made into an ointment, is good to apply to the biting of any venomous creature. The herb also bruised and heated between tiles, and applied hot to the share, causes them to make water who had it stopt be¬ fore. It is held likewise to be good for wounds, and to take away seed. The de¬ coction of the herb and flowers, with the seed and root, taken for some time, helps women that are troubled with the whites. The seed and flowers boiled in water, and afterwards made into a poultice with some oil, and applied, helps hard swellings and imposthumes. 186 THE COMPLETE HERBAL HEART TREFOIL. Besides the ordinary sort of Trefoil, here are two more remarkable, and one of which may be properly called Heart Tre¬ foil, not only because the leaf is triangular, like the heart of a man, but also because each leaf contains the perfection of a heart, and that in its proper colour, viz. a flesh colour. Place.'] It grows between Longford and Bow, and beyond Southwark, by the high¬ way and parts adjacent. Government and virtues.] It is under the dominion of the Sun, and if it were used, it would be found as great a strengthener of the heart, and cherisher of the vital spirits as grows, relieving the body against faint¬ ing and swoonings, fortifying it against poison and pestilence, defending the heart against the noisome vapours of the spleen. PEARL TREFOIL. It differs not from the common sort, save only in this particular, it hath a while spot in the leaf like a pearl. It is particu¬ larly under the dominion of the Moon, and its icon shews that it is of a singular virtue against the pearl, or pin and web in the eyes. TUSTAN, OR PARK LEAVES. J* 2.&. Descript.] It hath brownish shining round stalks, crested the length thereof, rising two by two, and sometimes three feet high, branching forth even from the bottom, having divers joints, and at each of them two fair large leaves standing, of a dark blueish green colour on the upper side, and of a yellowish green underneath, turning reddish toward Autumn. At the top of the stalks stand large yellow flowers, and heads with seed, which being greenish at the first and afterwards reddish, turn to be of a blackish purple colour when they are ripe, with small brownish seed within them, and i X J 3 x X X X they yield a reddish juice or liquor, some¬ what resinous, and of a harsh and sty pick taste, as the leaves also and the flowers be, although much less, but do not yield such a clear claret wine colour, as some say it doth, the root is brownish, somewhat great, hard and woody, spreading well in the ground. Place.] It grows in many woods, groves, and woody grounds, as parks and forests, and by hedge-sides in many places in this land, as in Hampstead wood, by Ratley in Essex, in the wilds of Kent, and in many other places needless to recite. Time.] It flowers later than St. John's or St. Peter's-wort. Government and virtues.] It is an herb of Saturn, and a most noble anti-venerean. Tustan purges choleric humours, as St. Peler's-wort is said to do, for therein it works the same effects, both to help the sciatica and gout, and to heal burning by fire; it stays all the bleedings of wounds, if either the green herb be bruised, or the powder of the dry be applied thereto. It hath been accounted, and certainly it is, a sovereign herb to heal either wound or sore, either outwardly or inwardly, and therefore always used in drinks, lotions, green wounds, ulcers, or old sores, in all balms, oils, ointments, or any other sorts of which the continual experience of former ages hath confirmed the use thereof to be admirably good, though it be not so much in use now, as when physicians and sur¬ geons were so wise as to use herbs more than now they do. GARDEN VALERIAN. jP. *3^ Descript.] Tins hath a thick short greyish root, lying for the most part above ground, shooting forth on all other sides such like small pieces of roots, which have all of them many long green strings and fibres under them in the ground, whereby it draws nourishment. From the head of AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 187 these roots spring up many green leaves, which at first are somewhat broad and long, without any divisions at all in them, or dent¬ ing on the edges ; but those that rise up after are more and more divided on each side, some to the middle rib, being winged, as made of many leaves together on a stalk, and those upon a stalk, in like manner more divided, but smaller towards the top than below; the stalk rises to be a yard high or more, sometimes branched at the top, with many small whitish flowers, sometimes dashed over at the edges with a pale pur¬ plish colour, of a little scent, which passing away, there follows small browinsh white seed, that is easily carried away with the wind. The root smells more strong than either leaf or flower, and is of more use in medicines. Place.'] It is generally kept with us in gardens. Time.] It flowers in June and July, and continues flowering until the frost pull it down. Government and virtues.] This is under the influence of Mercury. Dioscorides saith. That the Garden Valerian hath a warming faculty, and that being dried and given to drink it provokes urine, and helps the stranguary. The decoction thereof taken, doth the like also, and takes away pains ofthesides, provokes women s courses, and is used in antidotes. Pliny saith, I hat the powder of the root given in dunk, 01 the decoction thereof taken, helps all stopp¬ ings and stranglings in any part ol the body, whether they proceed of pains in the chest or sides, and takes them away. The root of Valerian boded with licjuouce, lai- sins, and anniseed, is singularly good for those that are short-winded, and for those that are troubled with the cough, and helps to open the passages, and to expectorate phlegm easily. It is given to those that me bitten or stung by any venomous creature, being boiled in wine. It is of a special (19, 20.) J virtue against the plague, the decoction thereof being drank, and the root being used to smell to. It helps to expel the wind in the belly. The green herb with the root taken fresh, being bruised and ap¬ plied to the head, takes away the pains and prickings there, stays rheum and thin dis¬ tillation, and being boiled in white wine, and a drop thereof put into the eyes, takes away the dimness of the sight, or any pin or web therein. It is of excellent property to heal any inward sores or wounds, and also for outward hurts or wounds, and drawing away splinters or thorns out of the flesh. * •* VERVAIN. IP. 29-3° Descript.] The common Vervain hath somewhat long broad leaves next the giouna deeply gashed about the edges, and some only deeply dented, or cut all alike, of a blackish green colour on the upper side, somewhat grey underneath. The stalk is square, branched into several parts, rising about two feet high, especially if you reckon the long spike of flowers at the tops of them, which are set on all sides one above another, and sometimes two or tliiee toge¬ ther, being small and gaping, of a blue colour and white intermixed, after which come small round seed, in small and some¬ what long heads. The root is small and long. Place.] It grows generally throughout this land in divers places of the hedges and way-sides, and other waste grounds. Time.] It flowers in July, and the seed is ripe soon after. . Government and virtues.] J ins is an heib of Venus, and excellent for the womb to strengthen and remedy all the cold giicfs of it, as Plantain doth the hot. Vervain is hot and dry, opening obsti actions, cleans¬ ing and healing. It helps the yellow jaun¬ dice, the dropsy and the gout; it kills and expels worms in the belly, and causes a 3 c 188 THE COMPLETE HERBAL good colour in the face and body, strengthens \ meal into a poultice, it cools inflammations as well as corrects the diseases of thestomach,; of wounds; the dropping of the vine, when liver, and spleen ; helps the cough, wheez- j it is cut in the Spring, which country people ings, and shortness of breath, and all the; call Tears, being boiled in a syrup, with defects of the reins and bladder, expelling j sugar, and taken inwardly, is excellent to the gravel and stone. It is held to be good ; stay women's longings after every thing against the biting of sepents, and other \ they see, which is a disease many women venomous beasts, against the plague, and \ with child are subject to. The decoction of both tertian and quartan agues. It con-: Vine leaves in white wine doth the like, solidates and heals also all wounds, both j Also the tears of the Vine, drank two or inward and outward, stays bleedings, and j three spoonfuls at a time, breaks the stone used with some honey, heals all old ulcers l in the bladder. This is a very good remedy, and fistulas in the legs or other parts of the land it is discreetly done, to kill a Vine to body; as also those ulcers that happen in j cure a man, but the salt of the leaves are the mouth ; or used with hog's grease, it j held to be better. The ashes of the burnt helps the swellings and pains of the secret; branches will make teeth that are as black parts in man or woman, also for the piles j as a coal, to be as white as snow, if you but or haemorrhoids; applied with some oil of $ every morning rub them with it. It is a roses and vinegar unto the forehead and \ most gallant Tree of the Sun, very sympa- temples, it eases the inveterate pains and j thetical with the body of men, and that is ache of the head, and is good for those that * the reason spirit of wine is the greatest cor- are frantic. The leaves bruised, or the \ dial among all vegetables, mice of them mixed with some vinegar,i . doth wonderfully cleanse the skin, and: violets. • takes away morphew, freckles, fistulas, and: Both the tame and the wild are so well other such like inflamations and defor- j known, that they need no description, mities of the skin in any parts of the body. | Time.~\ They flower until the end of The distilled water of the herb when it is in | July, but are best in March, and the begin- full strength', dropped into the eyes, cleanses j ning of April. them from films, clouds, or mists, that j Government and virtues .] They are a fine darken the sight, and wonderfully strengthens | pleasing plant of Venus, of a mild nature, the optic nerves. The said water is very j no way harmful. All the Violets are cold powerful in all the diseases aforesaid, either j and moist while they are fresh and green, inward or outward, whether they be old;and are used to cool any heat, or distem- corroding sores, or green wounds. Thejperature of the body, either inwardly or dried root, and peeled, is known to be ex- j outwardly, as inflammations in the eyes, in cellently good against all scrophulous and j the matrix or fundament, in imposthumes scorbutic habits of body, by being tied to! also, and hot swellings, to drink the decoc- the pit of the stomach, by a piece of white; tion of the leaves and flowers made with water ribband round the neck. jin wine, or to apply them poultice-wise THE VINE./. 2 , ! to the grieved places: it likewise eases pains /* :in the head, caused through want of sleep; The leaves of the English vine (I do not; or any other pains arising of heat, being mean to send you to the Canaries for a;applied in the same manner, or with oil of medicine (being boiled, makes a good lotion : roses. A dram weight of the dried leaves for sore mouths; being boiled with barley\or flower of Violets, but the leaves more AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 189 strongly, cloth purge the body of choleric \ rough, hairy, or prickly sad green leaves, humours, and assuages the heat, being \ somewhat narrow; the middle rib for the I taken in a draught of wine, or any other * most part being white. The flowers stand drink; the powder of the purple leaves ofjat the top of the stalk, branched forth in the flowers, only picked and dried and \ many long spiked leaves of flowers bowing drank in water, is said to help the quinsy, \ or turning like the turnsole, all opening for and the falling-sickness in children, espe- t the most part on the one side, which are cially in the beginning of the disease. The! long and hollow, turning up the brims a flowers of the white Violets ripen and dis- j little, of a purplish violet colour in them solve swellings. The herb or flowers, while I that are fully blown, but more reddish while they are fresh, or the flowers when they are! they are in the bud, as also upon their de¬ dry, are effectual in the pleurisy, and all: cay and withering; but in some places of diseases of the lungs, to lenify the sharp-; a paler purplish colour, with a long pointel ness of hot rheums, and the hoarseness of j in the middle, feathered or parted at the the throat, the heat also and sharpness of 1 top. After the flowers are fallen, the seeds urine, and all the pains of the back or reins, j growing to be ripe, are blackish, cornered and bladder. It is good also for the liver and pointed somewhat like the head of a and the jaundice, and all hot agues, to cool \ viper. The root is somewhat great and the heat, and quench the thirst; but the j blackish, and woolly, when it grows toward syrup of Violets is of most use, and of better J seed-time, and perishes in the Winter, effect, being taken in some convenient! There is another sort, little differing from liquor: and if a little of the juice or syrup j the former, only in this, that it bears white of lemons be put to it, or a few drops of the J flowers. oil of vitriol, it is made thereby the more! Place .] The first grows wild almost powerful to cool the heat, and quench the;every where. That with white flowers thirst, and gives to the drink a claret wine] about the castle-walls at Lewis in Sussex, colour, and a fine tart relish, pleasing to the j Time.] They flower in Summer, and taste. Violets taken, or made up with \ their seed is ripe quickly after, honey, do more cleanse and cool, and with \ Government and virtues .It is a most sugar contrary-wise. The dried flower of: gallant herb of the Sun; it is a pity it is no Violets are accounted amongst the cordial \ more in use than it is. It is an especial drinks, powders, and other medicines, es-l remedy against the biting of the Viper, and pecially where cooling cordials are neces-jall other venomous beasts, or serpents ; as sary. The green leaves are used with other j also against poison, or poisonous herbs, herbs to make plaisters and poultices to j Dioscorides and others say, That whosoever inflammations and swellings, and to ease all; shall take of the herb or root before they be pains whatsoever, arising of heat, and for; bitten, shall not be hurt by the poison of any , the piles also, being fried with yolks of eggs,: serpent. The root or seed is thought to be and applied thereto. \ most effectual to comfort the heart, and | expel sadness, or causeless melancholy; it vipers bugloss. j tempers the blood, and allays hot fits of Descript .] This hath many long rough;agues. The seed drank in wine, procures leaves lying on the ground, from among; abundance of milk in women's breasts, which rises up divers hard round stalks, j The same also being taken, eases the pains very rough, as if they were thick set with; in the loins, back, and kidneys. The dis- prickles or hairs, whereon are set such like \ tilled water of the herb when it is in flower, 190 THE COMPLETE HERBAL WALL FLOWERS, OR WINTER GILLI- FLOWERS. or its chief strength, is excellent to be ap- \ ings, comforts and strengthens any weak plied either inwardly or outwardly, for all?part, or out of joint; helps to cleanse the the griefs aforesaid. There is a syrup made; eyes from mistiness or films upon them, hereof very effectual for the comforting | and to cleanse the filthy ulcers in the mouth, the heart, and expelling sadness and melan-1 or any other part, and is a singular remedy c } 10 ly. j for the gout, and all aches a^id pains in the ? joints and sinews. A conserve made of the C ~ | flowers, is used for a remedy both for the ? apoplexy and palsy. The garden kind are so well known that j THE WAL1NUT TEEE . they need no description. ; ^ xxxm* Descript.~\ The common single Wall-? It is so well known, that it needs no des- flowers, which grow wild abroad, have sun- \ cription. dry small, long, narrow, dark green leaves, \ Time7\ It blossoms early before the set without order upon small round, whitish, Heaves come forth, and the fruit is ripe in woody stalks, which bear at the tops divers? September. single yellow flowers one above another, \ Government and virtues .] This is also a every one bearing four leaves a-piece, and? plant of the Sun. Let the fruit of it be of a very sweet scent: after which come ? gathered accordingly, which you shall find long pods, containing a reddish seed. The? to be of most virtues while they are green, roots are white, hard and thready. \ before they have shells. The bark of the Place.~\ It grows upon church walls, and \ Tree doth bind and dry very much, and the old walls of many houses, and other stone ? leaves are much of the same temperature: walls in divers places; The other sort in ' but the leaves when they are older, are heat- gardens only. ? ing and drying in the second degree, and TimeJ] All the single kinds do flower \ harder of digestion than when they are many times in the end of Autumn; and if; fresh, which, by reason of their sweetness, the Winter be mild, all the Winter long, \ are more pleasing, and better digesting in but especially in the months of February, j the stomach; and taken with sweet wine, March, and April, and until the heat of the? they move the belly downwards, but being spring do spend ihem. But the double; old, they grieve the stomach; and in hot kinds continue not flowering in that manner ? bodies cause the choler to abound and the all the year long, although they flower very i head-ach, and are an enemy to those that early sometimes, and in some places very \ have the cough ; but are less hurtful to those late. ? that have a colder stomach, and are said to Government and virtues .] The Moon rules ? kill the broad worms in the belly or stomach, them. Galen, in his seventh book of sim- j If they be taken with onions, salt, and pie medicines, saith, That the yellow Wall-? honey, they help the biting of a mad dog, flowers work more powerfully than any ? or the venom or infectious poison of any of the other kinds, and are therefore of more ? beast, &c. Caias Pompeius found in the use in physic. It cleanses the blood, and ? treasury of Mithridates, king of Pontus, frettetli the liver and reins from obstruc-? when he was overthrown, a scroll of his own tions, provokes women’s courses, expels the? hand wiiting, containing a medicine against secundine, and the dead child; helps the? any poison or infection; which is this; hardness and pain of the mother, and of? Take two dry walnuts, and as many good spleen also; stays inflammations and swell- j figs, and twenty leaves of rue, bruised and AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 191 beaten together with two or three corns of i the green husks being ripe, when they are salt and twenty juniper berries, which take j shelled from the nuts, and drank with a every morning fasting, preserves from dan- j little vinegar, is good for the place, so as ger of poison, and infection that day it isj before the taking thereof a vein be opened, taken. The juice of the other green husks j The said water is very good against the boiled with honey is an excellent gargle for | quinsy, being gargled and bathed there¬ fore mouths, 01 the heat and inflammations j with, and wonderfully helps deafness, the in the throat and stomach. The kernels, j noise, and other pains in the ears. The when they gro w old, are more oily, and \ distilled water of the young green leaves in therefore not fit to be eaten, but are then i the end of May, perforins a singular cure used to heal the wounds of the sinews, 1 on foul running ulcers and sores, to be gangienes, and carbuncles, the said ker-j bathed, with wet cloths or spunges applied nels being burned, are very astringent, i to them every morning, and will stay lasks and women’s courses,; , being taken in red wine, and stay the fall-! ^ 0LD ’ WEL *J» or dyer s weed. ing of the hair, and make it fair, being j The common kind grows bushing with anointed with oil and wine. The green \ many leaves, long, narrow and fiat upon husks will do the like, being used in the j the ground ; of a dark blueish green colour, same manner. The kernels beaten with \ somewhat like unto Woad, but nothing so rue and wine, being applied, help the j large, a little crumpled, and as it were quinsy ; and bruised with some honey, and ! round-pointed, which do so abide the first applied to the ears, ease the pains and in- \ year; and the next spring from among flammation ot them. A piece of the green {them, rise up divers round”stalks, two or husks put into a hollow tooth, eases the \ three feet high, beset with many such like pain. The catkins hereof, taken beforej leaves thereon, but smaller, and shooting they fall off, dried, and given a dram thereof j forth small branches, which with the stalks in powder with white wine, wonderfully \ carry many small yellow flowers, in a long helps those that are troubled with the rising j spiked head at the top of them, where after- of the mother. The oil that is pressed out \ wards come the seed, which is small and of the kernels, is very profitable, taken in- * black, inclosed in heads that are divided at wardly like oil of almonds, to help the j the tops into four parts. The root is long, cholic, and to expel wind very effectually ; 1 white and thick, abiding the Winter. The an ounce or two thereof may be taken at j whole herb changes to be yellow, after it any time. The young green nuts taken : hath been in flower awhile, before they be half ripe, and preserved with i Place.] It grows every where by the sugar, are of good use for those that have 1 way sides, in moist grounds, as well as dr} r , weak stomachs, or deductions thereon. The \ in corners of fields and bye lanes, and some- distilled w r ater of the green husks, before Uimes all over the field. In Sussex and they be half ripe, is of excellent use to cool l Kent they call it Green Weed, the heat of agues, being drank an ounce or: Time.] It flowers in June, two at a time: as also to resist the infec- j Government and virtues.] Matthiolus saith, tion of the plague, if some of the same be j that the root hereof cures tough phlegm, also applied to the sores thereof. The? digests raw phlegm, thins gross humours, same also cools the heat of green wounds • dissolves hard tumours, and opens obstruc- and old ulcers, and heals them, being jtions. Some do highly commend it against oathed therewith. The distilled water of j the biting of venomouscreatures, to be takc» (19,20.) x ,3 d 192 THE COMPLETE HERBAL inwardly and applied outwardly to the! bran of Wheat meal steeped in sharp vine- hurt place; as also for the plague or pes- j gar, and then bound in a linen cloth, and • dence The people in some countries of j rubbed on those places that have the scurf, this land, do use to bruise the herb, and lay * morphew, scabs or leprosy, will take them it to cuts or wounds in the hands or legs, to! away, the body being first well purged and hea! them. ^prepared. The decoction of the bran of l Wheat or barley, is of good use to bathe wheat. 4r, i those places that are bursten by a rupture; All the several kinds thereof are so well \ and the said bran boiled in good vinegar, known unto almost all people, that it is all j and applied to swollen breasts, helps them, together needless to write a description j and stays all inflamations. It helps also thereof. ' the biting of vipers (which I take to be no Government and virtues.'] It is under j other than our English adder) and all other Venus. Dioscorides saith, That to eat the j venomous creatures. The leaves of Wheat corn of green Wheat is hurtful to the j meal applied with some salt, take away stomach, *and breeds worms. Pliny saith, j hardness of the skin, warts, and hard knots That the corn of Wheat, roasted upon an jin the flesh. Wafers put in water, and iron pan, and eaten, are a present remedy j drank, stays the lask and bloody flux, and for those that are chilled with cold. The fare profitably used both inwardly and out- oil pressed from wheat, between two thick { wardly for the ruptures in children. Boiled plates of iron, or copper heated, heals all jin water unto a thick jelly, and taken, it tetters and ring-worms, being used warm;';stays spitting of blood; and boiled with and hereby Galen saith, he hath known j mint and butter, it helps the hoarseness of many to be cured. Mitthiolus commends ; the throat. the same to be*put into hollow ulceis to heed ; the willow tree. ^ them up, and it is good for chops in the: hands and feet, and to make rugged skin.' These are so well known that they need smooth. The green corns of Wheat being! no description. I shall therefore only shew chewed, and applied to the place bitten by: you the virtues therof. a mad dog, heals it; slices of Wheat bread ; Government and virtues.] The Moon soaked in red rose water, and applied to j owns it. Both the leaves, bark, and the the eyes that are hot, red, and inflamed, or j seed, are used to stanch bleeding of wounds, blood-shotten, helps them. Hot bread ap-^and at mouth and nose, spirting of blood, plied for an hour, at times, for three days * and other fluxes of blood in man or woman, together, perfectly heals the kernels in the * and to stay vomiting, and provocation there- throat, commonly called the king's evil, : unto, if the decoction of them in wine be The flour of Wheat mixed with the juice oft drank. It helps also to stay thin, hot, sharp, henbane, stays the flux of humours to the j salt distillations from the head upon the joints, being laid thereon. The said meal | lungs, causing a consumption. The leaves boiled in vinegar, holps the shrinking of the ; bruised with some pepper, and drank in sinews, saith Plinv; and mixed with vine-; wine, helps much the wind cholic. r Ihe gar, and boiled together, heals all freckles, j leaves bruised and boiled in wine, and spots and pimples on the face. Wheat; drank, stays the heat of lust in man or flour, mixed with the yolk of an egg, honey,; woman, and quite extinguishes it, if it be and turpentine, doth draw, cleanse and heal i long used : The seed also is of the same any boil, plague, sore, or foul ulcer. The;effect. Water that is gathered from the AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 193 Willow, when it flowers, the bark being slit, and a vessel fitting to receive it, is very good for redness and dimness of sight, or films that grow over the eyes, and stay the rheums that fall into them; to provoke urine, being stopped, if it be drank; to clear the face and skin from spots and discolour- ings. Galen saith, The flowers have an admirable faculty in drying up humours, being a medicine 1 , witliout any sharpness or corrosion; you may boil them in white wine, and drink as much as you will, so you drink not yourself drunk. The bark works the same effect, if used in the same manner, and the Tree hath always a bark upon it, though not always flowers; the burnt ashes of the bark being mixed with vinegar, takes away warts, corns, and superfluous flesh, being applied to the place. The decoction of the leaves or bark in wine, takes away scurff and dandriff by washing the place with it. It is a fine cool tree, the boughs of which are very convenient to be placed in the chamber of one sick of a fever. WO AD. ~2 . 2 Descript .'] It hath divers large leaves, long, and somewhat broad withal, like those of the greater plntain, but larger, thicker, of a greenish colour, somewhat blue withal. From among which leaves rises up a lusty stalk, three or four feet high, with divers leaves set thereon; the higher the stalk rises, the smaller are the leaves ; at the top it spreads divers branches, at the end of which appear very pretty, little yellow flowers, and after they pass away like other flowers of the field, come husks, long and somewhat flat withal; in form they resem¬ ble a tongue, in colour they are black, and they hang bobbing downwards. The seed contained within these husks (it it be a little chewed) gives an azure colour. The root is white and long. Place.] It is sowed in fields for the bene¬ fit’of it, where those that sow it, cut it three times a year. Time.] It flowers in June, but it is long after before the seed is ripe. Government and virtues.] It is a cold and dry plant of Saturn. Some people affirm the plant to be destructive to bees, and fluxes them, which, if it be, I cannot help it. I should rather think, unless bees be contrary to other creatures, it possesses them with the contrary disease, the herb being exceeding dry and binding. However, if any bees be diseased thereby, the cure is, to set urine by them, but set it in a vessel, that they cannot drown themselves, which may be remedied, if you put pieces of cork in it. The herb is so drying and binding, that it is not fit to be given inwardly. An ointment made thereof stanches bleeding. A plaister made thereof, and applied to the region of the spleen which lies on the left side, takes away the hardness and pains thereof. The ointment is excellently good in such ulcers as abound with moisture, and takes away the corroding and fretting humours : It cools inflammations, quenches St. Anthony’s fire, and stays defluxion of the blood to any part of the body. WOODBINE, OB IIONEY-SUCKLES. t • i ^ 3 i It is a plant so common, that every one that hath eyes knows it, and he that hath none, cannot read a description, if I should xvrite it. Time. They flower in June, and the fruit is ripe in August. Government and vijiues.] Doctor Tra¬ dition, that grand introducer of errors, that hater of truth, lover of folly, and the mortal foe to Dr. Reason, hath taught the common people to use the leaves or flowers of this plant in mouth-water, and by long con¬ tinuance of time, hath so grounded it in the brains of the vulgar, that you cannot beat it out with a beetle: All mouth-waters ought to be cooling and drying, but Honey 194 THE COMPLETE HERBAL Suckles are cleansing, consuming and di-i describe, and the third be critical at; and gesting, and therefore fit for inflammations ;: I care not greatly if I begin with the last thus Dr. Reason. Again if you please, we$ first. will leave Dr. Reason a while, and come to \ Sea Wormwood hath gotten as many names Dr. Experience, a learned gentleman, and j as virtues, (and perhaps one more) Sei iphian, his brother. Take a leaf and chew it in ? Santomeon, Belchion, Narbinense, Han- your mouth, and you will quickly find it jtonicon, Misneule, and a matter of twenty likelier to cause a sore mouth and throat : more which I shall not blot paper withal, than to cure it. Well then, if it be not good * A papist got the toy by the end, and he for this, What is it good for? It is good for | called it Holy Wormwood; and in truth something, for God and nature made : I am opinion, their giving so much holi- nothing in vain. It is an herb of Mercury, \ ness to herbs, is the reason there remains so and appropriated to the lungs ; neither is it j little in themselves. The seed of this Crab claims dominion over it; neither is it \ Wormwood is that which women usually a foe to the Lion ; if the lungs be afflicted \ give their children for the worms. Of all by Jupiter, this is your cure: It is fitting a {Wormwoods that grow here, this is the conserve made of the flowers of it were kept \ weakest, but Doctors commend it, and in every gentlewoman's house; I know no : apothecaries sell it; the one must keep his better cure for an asthma than this: besides, j credit, and the other get money, and that is it takes away the evil of the spleen, provokes j the key of the work. Ihe herb is good for urine, procures speedy delivery of women j something, because God made nothing in in travail, helps cramps, convulsions, and j vain: Will you give me leave to weigh palsies, and whatsoever griefs come of cold \ things in the balance of reason ; Then thus; or stopping; if you please to make use of j The seeds of the common Wormwood are it as an ointment, it will clear your skin of: far more prevalent than the seed of this, to morphew, freckles, and sun-burnings, or: expel worms in children, or people of ripe whatsoever else discolours it, and then the I age; of both some are weak, some are maids will love it. Authors >ay. The l strong. The Seriphian Wormwood is the flowers are of more effect than the leaves,! weakest, and haply may prove to be fittest and that is true ; but they say the seeds are: for the weak bodies, (for it is weak enough least effectual of all. But Dr. Reason told \ of all conscience.) Let such as are strong me, That there was a vital spirit in every I take the common Wormwood, for the others seed to beget its like ; and Dr. Experience: will do but little good. Again, near the sea told me, That there was a greater heat in the {many people live, and Seriphian grows seed than there was in any other part of the} near them, and therefore is more fitting for plant: and withal, That heat was the mother Uheir bodies, because nourished by the of action, and then judge if old Dr. Tradi- j same air; and this I had from Dr. Reason, tion (who may well be honoured for his age,: In whose body Dr. Reason dwells not, dwells but not for his goodness) hath not so poi-j Dr. Madness, and he brings in his brethren, soned the world with errors before I was* Dr. Ignorance, Dr. Folly, and Dr. Sick- born, that it was never well in its wits: ness, and these together make way for since, and thereis a great fear it will die mad.: Death, and the latter end of that man is „ 1 worse than the beginning. Pride was the wormwood. .3/, | cause of Adam's fall ; pride begat a daugh- Three Wormwoods are familiar with:ter, I do not know the father of it, unless one I shall not describe, another I shall [the devil, but she christened it, and called us AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 195 - > it Appetite, and sent her daughter to taste'! with many round, woody, hairy stalks from these wormwoods, who finding this the; one root. Its height is lour feet, or three at least bitter, made the squeamish wench \ least. The leaves in longitude are long, in extol it to the skies, though the virtues of it j latitude narrow, in colour white, in form never reached the middle region of the air.; hoary, in similitude IikeSouthernwood,only Its due praise is this ; It is weakest, there-j broader and longer; in taste rather salt than fore fittest for weak bodies, and fitter for j bitter, because it grows so near the salt- those bodies that dwell near it, than those \ water; at the joints, with the leaves toward that dwell far from it; my reason is, the sea \ the tops it bears little yellow flowers; the (those that live far from it, know when they ; root lies deep, and is woods, come near it) casts not such a smell as the \ Common Wormwood I shall not describe, land doth. The tender mercies of God j for every boy that can eat an egg knows it. being over all his works, hath by his eternal \ Roman Wormwood; and why Roman, Providence, planted Seriphian by the sea-{ seeing it grows familiarly in England ? It side, as a fit medicine for the bodies of those \ may be so called, because it is good for a that live near it. Lastly, It is known to all {stinking breath, which the Romans cannot that know any thing in the course of nature, i be very free from, maintaining so many that the liver delights in sweet ihings, if so, j bad houses by authority of his Holiness, it abhors bitter ; then if your liver be weak,} Descript.'] The stalks are slender, and it is none of the wisest courses to plague it {shorter than the common Wormwood by with an enemy. If the liver be weak, atone foot at least; the leaves are more finely consumption follows ; would you know the, cut and divided than they are, but some- reason ? It is this, A man’s flesh is repaired {thing smaller ; both leaves and stalks are by blood, by a third concoction, which \ hoary, the flowers of a pale yellow colour; transmutes the blood into flesh, it is well jit is altogether like the common Worm- I said, (concoction) say I, if I had said j wood, save only in bigness, for it is smaller; (boiling) every cook would have understood j in taste, tor it is not so bitter; in smell, for me. The liver makes blood, and if it be j it is spicy. weakened that if it makes not enough, the j Place.] It grows upon the tops of the flesh w r astes ; and why must flesh always be j mountains (it seems tis aspiring) there tis renewed ? Because the eternal God, when ; natural, but usually nursed up in gardens he made the creation, made one part of it {for the use of the apothecaries in London, in continual dependency upon another;{ Time.] All Wormwoods usually flower and why did he so ? Because himself only {in August, a little sooner 01 later, is permanent; to teach us, That we should Government and virtues.] Will you give not fix our affections upon what is transi-ime leave to be critical a little. I must tory, but what endures for ever. The re- j take leave. Wormwood is an herb of Mars, suit of this is, if the liver be weak, and can- j and if Pontanus say otherwise, he is beside not make blood enough, I would have said, i the bridge; I prove it thus : What delights Sanguify, if I had written only to scholars, j in martial places, is a martial herb; but the Seriphian which is the weakest of \ Wormwood delights in martial places (for Wormwoods, is better than the best. I have j about forges and iron works you may gather been critical enough, if not too much. la cart-load of it,) ergo, it is a martial herb. Place.] It grows familiarly in England,: It is hot and dry in the first degree, viz. by the sea-side. (just as hot as y our blood > and . no hotter. It Descript.] It starts up out of the earth, \ remedies the evils choler can inflict on the (19,20.) 3e 196 THE COMPLETE HERBAL___ , ■ ~* 1 ■ — ——.I. . ■— - ■ ' % Dody of man by sympathy. It helps the | herb of Mars, is a present remedy for the evils Venus and the wanton Boy produce, \ biting of rats and mice. Mushrooms (I by antipathy; and it doth something else j cannot give them the title of ilerba, iru- besides It cleanses the body of cholerjtex, or Arbor) are under the dominion of (who dares say Mars doth no good?) It 1 Saturn, ( and take one time with another, provokes urine, helps surfeits, or swellings I they do as much harm as good;) if any have in the belly; it causes appetite to meat,; poisoned himself by eating them, Worm- because Mars rules the attractive faculty in j wood, an herb of Mars, cures him, because man: The sun never shone upon a better! Mars is exalted in Capricorn, the house of herb for the yellow jaundice than this; Why; Saturn, and this it doth by sympathy, as it should men cry out so much upon Mars for j did the other by antipathy. Wheals, pushes, an infortunate, (or Saturn either?) Did! black and blue spots, coming either by God make creatures to do the creation a | bruises or beatings. Wormwood, an herb mischief? This herb testifies, that Mars is j of Mars, helps, because Mars, (as bad you willing to cure all diseases he causes; the! love him, and as you hate him) will not truth is, Mars loves no cowards, nor Saturn j break your head, but he will give you a fools, nor I neither. Take of the dowers of ; plaister. If he do but teach you to know Wormwood, Rosemary, and Black Thorn,; yourselves, his courtesy is greater than is of each a like quantity, half that quantity j discourtesy. The greatest antipathy be- of saffron; boil this in Rhenish wine, but; tween the planets, is between Mars and put it not in saffron till it is almost boiled Venus: one is hot, the other cold, one This is the way to keep a man’s body in \ diurnal, the other nocturnal; one dry, the health, appointed by Camerarius, in his \ other moist; their houses are opposite, one book intitled Hortus Med-icus , and it is a? masculine, the other feminine; one public, good one too. Besides all this, Wormwood j the other private; one is valiant, the other provokes the terms. I would willingly j effeminate: one loves the light, the other teach astrologers, and make them ph ysi— i hates it; one loves the field, the other sheets ; cians (if I knew how) for they are most j then the throat is under Venus, the quinsy fitting for the calling; if you will not believe \ lies in the throat, and is an inflammation me, ask Dr. Hippocrates, and Dr. Galen,; there; Venus rules the throat, (it being a couple of gentlemen that our college of j under Tamils her sign.) Mars eradicates physicians keep to vapour with, not to jail diseases in the throat by his herbs (tor follow. In this our herb, I shall give the pat- j wormwood is one) and sends them to Egypt tern of a ruler, the sons of art rough cast, j on an errand never to return more, this yet as near the truth as the men of Benja-! done by antipathy. The eyes are under min could throw a stone: Whereby, my j the Luminaries; the right eye of a man, brethren, the astrologers may know by a; and the left eye of a woman the Sun claims penny how a shilling is coined : As for the j dominion over : the left eye of a man, and _ college of physicians, they are too stately to ; the right eye of a woman, are privileges of learn, and too proud to continue. They ; the Moon, Wormwood, an herb of Mars say a mouse is under the dominion of the; cures both; what belongs to the Sun by Moon, and that is the reason they feed in the; sympathy, because he is exalted in his night; the house of the Moon is Cancer; j house; but what belongs to the Moon by rats are of the same nature with mice, but; antipathy, because he hath his fall in her’s. they area little bigger; Mars receives his;Suppose a man be bitten or stung by a fall in Cancer, ergo, Wormwood being an j martial creature, imagine a wasp, a hornet, AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 107 u scorpion, Wormwood, an herb of Mars, j either linen or woolen draper) y et as brave as o-ives you a present cure ; that Mars, cho- j they looked, my opinion was that the moths feric as he is, hath learned that patience, to might consume them; moths are under the pass by your evil speeches of him, and tells j dominion of Mars; this herb Wormwood be- you by my pen, That he gives you no af-jing laid among cloaths, will make a moth iiiction but he gives you a cure ; you need : scorn to meddle with the cloaths, as much not run to Apollo, nor Aesculapius ; and if: as a lion scorns to meddle with a mouse, or he was so choleric as you make him to be, ? an eagle with a fly. L ou say Mars is an- he would have drawn his sword for anger,? gry, and it is true enough he is angiy with to see the ill conditions of these people j many countrymen, for being such fools to that can spy his vices, and not his virtues. J be led by the noses by the college of phy- The eternal God, when he made Mars, sicians, as they lead bears to Pans garden, made him for public good, and the sons of; Melancholy men cannot endure to be men shall know it it in the latter end of the ? wronged in point of good fame, and that world. Et caelum, Mars solus babet. You j doth sorely trouble old Saturn, because they say Mars is a destroyer ; mix a little Worm- j call him the greatest mfortunate ; in the wood an herb of Mars, with your ink, j body of man he rules the spleen, (and that neither rats nor mice touch the paper writ-j makes covetous man so splenetic) the poor ten with it, and then Mars is a preserver, j old man lies crying out of his left side. Astrologers think Mars causes scabs and ' Father Saturn’s angry. Mars comes to him ; itch and the virgins are angry with him, \ Come, brother, I confess thou art evil spoken because wanton Venus told them he de- j of, and so am I ; thou knowest I have my forms their skins; but, quoth Mars, my j exaltation in thy house, I give him an herb only desire is, they should know themselves; j of mine, Wormwood, to cure the old man : mv herb Wormwood will restore them to j Saturn consented, but spoke little, and so the beauty they formerly had, and in that? Mars cured him by sympathy. When I will not come an inch behind my opposite, j Mars was free from war, (lor he loves to be Venus: for which doth the greatest evil, he j fighting, and is the best friend a soldier that takes away an innate beauty, and when | hath) I say, when Mars was tree from war, he has done, knows how to restore it again ? j he called a council of war in his own brain, or she that teaches a company of wanton} to know how he should do poor sinful man lasses to paint their fhces? If Mars be in! good, desiring to forget his abuses in being a Virgin in the nativity, they say he causes j called an mfortunate. He musters up his the cholic (it is well God hath set some j own forces, and places them in battalia, body to pull down the pride of man.) He Oh! quoth he, why do I hurt a poor in the Virgin troubles none with the cholic, ? silly mail or woman . His angel answers but them that know not themselves (for who j him, It is because they have offended their knows himself, may easily know all the! God, (Look back to Adam .) \Vell, says world.) Wormwood, an herb of Mars, is a | Mars, though they speak evil of me, I will present cure for it; and whether it be most I do good to them ; Death s cold my herb hke a Christian to love him for his good, or shall heat them : they are full of dl humours hate him Tor his evil, judge ye. I had al- (else they would never have spoken ill of most forgotten, that charity thinks no evil. j me;) my herb shall cleanse them, and dry I wasonce in the'i'ower and viewed the ward- j them; they are poor weak creatures, my robe and there wasa great many fine clothes; ? herb shall strengthen them , they aie dull (I can give them no other title, for I was never ? witted, my herb shall fortify their appro- 198 THE COMPLETE HERBAL tensions ; and yet among astrologers all j night, the one from Aries, and the other this does not deserve a good word : Oh the from Scorpio; give me thy leave by sy 111 - patience of Mars! Felix qui potuit rerum cognoscere caucas, Jnque thymus superum scantiere curajacit. O happy he that can the knowledge gain, To know the eternal God made nought in vain To this 1 add, I know the reason causeth such a dearth pathy to cure this poor man with drinking | a draught of Wormwood beer every morn- } ing. The Moon was weak the other day, land she gave a man two terrible mischiefs, la dull brain and a weak sight; Mars laid 1 by his sword, and comes to her; Sister 1 Moon, said he, this man hath angered thee, Of knowledge; ’tis because men love the earth. 1 but I beseech thee take notice he is but a 1 fool; prithee be patient, I will with my herb The other day Mars told me he met with j wormwood cure him of both infirmities by Venus, and he asked her, What was the \ antipathy, for thou knowest thou and I can- reason that she accused him for abusing \ not agree; with that the Moon began to women? He never gave them the pox. In | quarrel; Mars (not delighting much in the dispute they fell out, and in anger l women’s tongues) went away, and did it parted, and Mars told me that his brother 1 whether she would or no. Saturn told him, that an anlivenerean \ He that reads this, and understands what medicine was the best against the pox. j he reads, hath a jewel of more worth than Once a month he meets with the Moon. j a diamond; he that understands it not, is Mars is quick enough of speech, and the | as little fit to give physick. There lies a Moon not much behind hand, (neither are \ key in these words which will unlock, (if it most women.) The Moon looks much \ be turned by a wise hand) the cabinet of after children, and children are much trou-| physick : I have delivered it as plain as I bled with the worms; she desired a medi-$ durst; it is not only upon Wormwood as cine of him, he bid her take his own herb, j I wrote, but upon all plants, trees, and Wormwood. He had no sooner parted j herbs; he that understands it not, is unfit with the Moon, but he met with Venus, and j (in my opinion) to give physic. This shall she was as drunk as a hog; Alas! poor; live when I am dead. And thus I leave it Venus, quoth he; What! thou a fortune,Ho the world, not caring a farthing whether and be drunk? I’ll give thee antipathetical; they like it or dislike it. The grave equals cure; Take my herb Wormwood, and thou jail men, and therefore shall equal me with shall never get a surfeit by drinking. A1 all princes; until which time the eternal poor silly countryman hath got an ague, j Providence is over me : Then the ill tongue and cannot go about his business: he \ of a prating fellow, or one that hath more wishes he had it not, and so do I; but I \ tongue than wit, or more proud than will tell him a remedy, whereby he shall; honest, shall never trouble me. Wisdom is prevent it; Take the herb of Mars, Worm- \ justified by her children. And so much for wood, and if infortunes will do good, what | Wormwood, will fortunes do ? Some think the lungs are \ under Jupiter; and if the lungs then the \ YARR0W > CALLED nose-bleed, milfoil breath; and though sometimes a man gets! and j iiousald-leal. a stinking breath, and yet Jupiter is a for-; Descript i] It hath many long leaves tune, forsooth; up comes Mars to him ;* spread upon the ground, finely cut, and Come brother Jupiter, thou knowest I sent j divided into many small parts: It flowers thee a couple of trines to thy house last fare white, but not all of a whiteness, and AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 199 stayed in knots, upon divers green stalks j It stays the shedding of hair, the head being which rise from among the leaves. \ bathed with the decoction of it; inwardly j. Place.] It is frequent in all pastures. i taken it helps the retentive faculty of the Time.] It flowers late, even in the latter j stomach : it helps the gonorrhea in men, end of Auo-ust. {and the whites in women, and helps such as Government and virtues.] It is under the \ cannot hold their water; and the leaves influence of Venus. An ointment of them j chewed in the mouth eases the tooth-ache; cures wounds, and is most fit for such as 1 and these virtues being put together, shew have inflammations, it being an herb of j the herb to be drying and binding. Achilles Dame Venus ; it stops the terms in women,! is supposed to be the first that left the vir- being boiled in white wine, and the decoc- jtues of this herb to posterity, having learned tion drank; as also the bloody flux; the! them of this master Chiron, the Centaur; ointment of it is not only good for greensand certainly a very profitable herb it is in wounds, but also for ulcers and fistulas, | cramps, and therefore called Militaris. especially such as abound with moisture. | DIRECTIONS FOR MAKING SYRUPS, CONSERVES, <^’C. %C. Having in divers places of this Treatise! promised you the way of making Syrups, \ Conserves, Oils, Ointments, &c,. of herbs,? roots, flowers, &c. whereby you may have! them ready for your use at such times when \ they cannot be had otherwise; I come now j to perform what I promised, and you shall j find me rather better than worse than my \ word. j That this may be done methodically,! I shall divide my directions into two grand j sections, and each section into several chap- j ters, and then you shall see it look with such j a countenance as this is. ' ; % \ SECTION I. | • s Of gathering , drying , and keeping A Simples, \ and their juices. chap, i Of leaves of Herbs, fyc. CHAP. II. Of Flowers. ; chap. hi. Of Seeds. chap. iv. Of Roots. ! ( 19 , 20 .) ; chap. v. Of Barks. chap. vi. Of Juices. SECTION II Of making and keeping Compounds. chap. i. Of distilled waters. chap. ii. Of Syrups. chap. hi. Of Juleps. chap. iv. Of Decoctions. CHAP. V. Of Oils. chap, vi Of Electuaries. chap. vii. Of Conserves. chap. viii. OfFreserves. chap. ix. Of Lohochs. chap, x . Of Ointmcnts. CHAP. XI. , Of Plaisters. chap. xii. Of Poultices. CHAP, xi ii. . Of Troches. CHAP. XIV. Of Pills. chap. xv. The way of fitting Medi¬ cines to Compound Dis¬ eases. Of all these in order. 200 THE COMPLETE HERBAL CHAPTER I. herbs, \ her apply to a planet of the same triplicity; ! if you cannot wait that time neither, let Of Leaves of Herbs , or Trees. * her be with a fixed star of their nature. f „ ~ , i i „ t 6. Having well dried them, put them up 1. Of leaves, choose only such as are*. ® . 1 r , i r li /• • • • i ____ jin brown paper, sewing the paper up like green, and full of juice; pick them care-$ . S 1 ’ . ® fully, and castaway such as are any way a sack ’ f“ d P™“ th 5 m " ot t°° toge- dedining, for they will putrify the rest: So j dler > and kee P them “ a dr y P lace neal the shall one handful be worth ten of those you I le ? _ As for duration of dried buy at the physic herb shops. i .' . . . • ■, . . 2. Note what places they most de i ight | a just time canuot be given, let authors prate to grow in, and gather them there; f or ; 1 art p easme, or. Be tony that grows in the shade, is far better j, 1st- Such as grow upon dry grounds will than that which grows in the Sun, becausei ke «P bett 5 tba " sach as 8 row ™ T it delights in the shade; so also such herbs , Su(:h berbs as ar ? fu " of . ,' ulce ’ j if 5 1 . . . i r ,n . j will not keep so long as such as are drier, as delight to grow near the water, shall bes _ „ & „ . . j . n a j * i i i \ 3dly. Such herbs as are well dried, will gathered near it, though happily you may 5 , , , , *, • , find some of them upon dry ground : The kee P longer than such as are slack dried. Treatise will inform you where every herb Yet you may know when they are corrupt- delights to grow. ed, by their loss of colour, or smell, or 37 The leaves of such herbs^as run up to 1 b ?f b ’ n and lf , the y be eorrupled, reason seed, are not so good when they are in | wdl , tel . y ol '. tbat the y ‘" uli needs corrupt flower as before (some few excepted, the the , tK « hes L of tbo , se P eo P le that take them, leaves of which are seldom or never used) , 4 ' &ather a11 leav f m the hour of that in such cases, if through ignorance they I P Ianet that § overns them - were not known, or through negligence* chapter ii. forgotten, you had better take the top and \ r/ the flowers, then the leaf/ * * °wers. 4. Dry them well in the Sun, and not in \ 1. The flower, which is the beauty of the the shade, as the saying of physicians is ; I plant, and of none of the least use in phy- for if the sun draw away the virtues of the \ sick, grows yearly, and is to be gathered herb, it must need do the like by hay, by I when it is in its prime. the same rule, which the experience of every \ 2. As for the time of gathering them, let country farmer will explode for a notable \ the planetary hour, and the planet they piece of nonsense. * come of, be observed, as we shewed you 5. Such as are artists in astrology, (and \ in the foregoing chapter : as for the time of indeed none else are fit to make physicians) i the day, let it be when the sun shine upon such I advise; let the planet that governs Hhem, that so they may be dry ; for, if you the herb be angular, and the stronger the \ gather either flowers or herbs when they are better ; if they can, in herbs of Saturn, let > wet or dewy, they will not keep. Saturn be in the ascendant; in the herbs of \ 3. Dry them well in the sun, and keep Mars, let Mars be in the mid heaven, for in j them in papers near the fire, as I shewed those houses they delight; let the Moon * you in the foregoing chapter. a Pplj to them by good aspect, and let her$ 4. So long as they retain the colour and not be in the houses of her enemies ; if you ; smell, they are good ; either of them being cannot well stay till she apply to them, let $ gone, so is the virtue also. AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 201 CHAPTER III- y Of Seeds. 1. The seed is that part of the plant which is endowed with a vital faculty to bring forth its like, and it contains poten¬ tially the whole plant in it morning; and this idle talk of untruth is so grounded in the heads, not only of the vul¬ gar, but also of the learned, that a man cannot drive it out by reason. I pray let such sapmongers answer me this argument; If the sap falls into the roots in the fall of the leaf, and lies there all the Winter, then must the root grow only in the Winter. 2. As for place, let them be gathered But the root grows not at all in the Winter, wn thf* nlupp th^v delio-ht to dtow. las exnerience teaches, but only in the from the place where they delight to grow. \ as experience teaches, but only 3. Let them be full ripe when they are j Summer: Therefore, If you set an apple- gathered ; and forget not the celestial har- j kernel in the Spring, you shall find the root mony before mentioned, for I have found $ to grow to a pretty bigness in the Summer, by experience that their virtues are twice as \ and be not a whit bigger next Spring, great at such times as others: “ There is \ What doth the sap do in the root all that an appointed time for every thing under j while? Pick straws? Tis as rotten as a the sun.” ! rotten post. . , 4. When you have gathered them, dry! The truth is, when the sun declines from them a little, and but a ,little in the sun, \ the tropic of Cancer, the sap begins to con- before you lay them up. jgeal both in root and branch; when he 5. You need not be so careful of keeping j touches the tropicof Capricorn, and ascends them so near the fire, as the other before- j to us-ward, it begins to w’ax thin again, mentioned, because they are fuller of j and by degrees, as it congealed. But to spirit, and therefore not so subject to j proceed. corrupt. \ 3. The drier time you gather the roots 6. As for the time of their duration, it is $ in, the better they are; for they have the palpable they will keep a good many years; j less excrementitious moisture in them, yet, they are best the first year, and this j 4. Such roots as are soft, your best way I make appear by a good argument. They j is to dry in the sun, or else hang them in will grow sooner the first year they be set, J the chimney corner upon a string; as for therefore then they are in their prime ; \ such as are hard, you may dry them any renew them * where. and it is an yearly. easy matter to 5. Such roots as are great, will keep chapter iv Of Roots. 1. Or roots, chuse such rotten nor worm-eaten, but taste, colour, and smell; neither in softness nor hardness. \ longer than such as are small; yet most of j them will keep a year. j 8. Such roots as are soft, it is your best | way to keep them always near the fire, and as are neither j to take this general rule for it: If in Win- proper in their \ ter-time you find any of your roots, herbs such as exceed j or flowers begin to be moist, as many times , vou shall (for it is your best way to look to 2. Give me leave to be a little critical j them once a month) dry them by a very against the vulgar received opinion, which j gentle fire; or, if you can with convenience ist That the sap falls down into the roots in \ keep them near the fire, you may save your- the Autumn, and rises again in the Spring, 1 self the labour. as men o-o to bed at night, and rise in the 5 7 . It is in vain to dry roots that may 202 THE COMPLETE HERBAL commonly be had, as Parsley, Fennel, j Plantain, &c. but gather them only for pre- \ sent need. \ — \ CHAPTER V j Of Barks. , ? f 1. Barks, which physicians use in medi- : cine, are of these sorts : Of fruits, of roots, \ of boughs. i 2 . The barks of fruits are to be taken j \ l when the fruit is full ripe, as Oranges, Lemons, &c. but because I have nothing to \ do with exotics here, I pass them without \ any more words. \ 3. The barks of trees are best gathered \ in the Spring, if of oaks, or such great} trees; because then they come easier off,j and so you may dry them if you please; 5 but indeed the best way is to gather all j barks only for present use. : 4. As for the barks of roots, ^tis thus to \ be gotten. Take the roots of such herbs as 5 have a pith in them, as parsley, fennel, &c. i slit them in the middle, and when you have I taken out the pith (which you may easily \ do) that which remains is called (tho' im- \ properly) the bark, and indeed is only to be \ used. - \ CHAPTER VI Of Juices. 1 . Juices are to be pressed out of herbs; when they are young and tender, out of* some stalks and tender tops of herbs and { plants, and also out of some flowers. \ 2. Having gathered the herb, would you \ preserve the juice of it, when it is very dry j (for otherwise the juice will not be worth \ a button) bruise it very well in a stone mor -1 tar with a wooden pestle, then having put j it into a canvas bag, the herb I mean, not: the mortar, for that will give but little juice, j press it hard in a press, then take the juice \ and clarify it. ? 3. The manner of clarifying it is this: Put it into a pipkin or skillet, or some such thing, and set it over the fire; and when the scum arises, take it off; let it stand over the fire till no more scum arise; when you have your juice clarified, cast away the scum as a thing of no use. 4. When you have thus clarified it, you have two ways to preserve it all the year. (1.) When it is cold, put it into a glass, and put so much oil on it as will cover it to the thickness of two fingers ; the oil will swim at the top, and so keep the air from coming to purtify it: When you! intend to use,it, pour it into a porringer, and if any oil come out with it, you may easily scum it off with a spoon, and put the juice you use not into the glass again, it will quickly sink under the oil. This is the first way., ( 2 .) The second way is a little more dif ficult, and the juice of fruits is usually pre¬ served this way. When you have clarified it, boil it over the fire, till (being cold) it be of the thickness of honey ; This is most commonly used for diseases of the mouth, and is called Roba and Saba. And thus much for the first section, the second follows TF * SECTION II. *. f The way of making and keeping all necessary Compounds. CHAPTER V. Of distilled Waters. Hitherto we have spoken ol medicines which consist in their own nature, which authors vulgarly call Simples, though some¬ times improperly; for in truth, nothing is simple but pure elements; all things else are compounded of them. We come now to treat of the artificial medicines, in the form of which (because we must begin somewhere) we shall'place distilled waters ; in which consider, AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 203 1. Waters are distilled of herbs, flowers, j 2. You see at the first view, That this fruits, and roots. aphorism divides itself into three branches, 2. We treat not of strong waters, but of \ which deserve severally to be treated 6f, cold, as being to act Galen's part, and notl viz. Paracelsus's. \ 1. Syrups made by infusion. 3. The herbs ought to be distilled when j 2. Syrups made by decoction, they are in the greatest vigour, and so ought \ 3. Syrups made by juice. the flowers also. j Of each of these, (for your instruction- 4. The vulgar way of distillations which \ sake, kind countrymen and women) I speak people use, because they know no better, $ a word or two apart. is in a pewter still; and although distilled \ 1st, Syrups made by infusion, are usually waters are the weakest of artificial medicines, | made of flowers, and of such flowers as and good for little but mixtures of other;soon lose their colour and strength by boil- medicines, yet they are weaker by many png, as roses, violets, peach flowers, &c. degrees, than they would be were they dis-jThey are thus made : Having picked your tilled in sand. If I thought it not impos-j flowers clean, to every pound of them add sible, to teach you the way of distilling ini three pounds or three pints, which you will sand, 1 would attempt it. ] (for it is all one) of spring water, made boil- 5. When you have distilled your water, png hot; first put your flowers into a pew- put it into a glass, covered over with a Iter-pot, with a cover, and pour the water on paper pricked lull of holes, so that the ex- i them ; then shutting the pot, let it stand by crementitious and fiery vapours may ex- j the fire, to keep hot twelve hours, and hale, which cause that settling in distilled; strain it out: (in such syrups as purge) as waters called the Mother, which corrupt j damask roses, peach flowers, &c. the usual, them, then cover it close, and keep it for land indeed the best way, is to repeat this your use. \ infusion, adding fresh flowers to the same 6. Stopping distilled waters with a cork, > liquor divers times, that so it may be the makes them musty, and so does paper, if it j stronger) having strained it out, put the but touch the water : it is best to stop them \ infusion into a pewter bason, of an earthen with a bladder, being first put in water, and 1 one well glazed, and to every pint of it add bound over the top of the glass. j two pounds of sugar, which being only Such cold waters as are distilled in a] melted over the fire, without boiling, and pewter still (if well kept) will endure a year;] scummed, will produce you the syrup you such as are distilled in sand, as they are \ desire. twice as strong, so they endure twice asj 2dly,• Syrups made by decoction are ] 0nf r. {usually made of compounds, yet may any c ii a p t e r i l I simple herb be thus converted into syrup ; ’ i Take the herb, root, or flowers you would O/ Syrups. ]make into a syrup, and bruise it a little; 1. A Syrup is a medicine of a liquid]then boil it in a convenient quantity of form, composed of infusion, decoction and {spring water; the more water you boil it juice. And, 1. For the more grateful taste.fin, the weaker it will be; a handful of the 2. For the better keeping of it: with a cer- * herb or root is a convenient quantity for a tain quantity of honey or sugar, hereafter j pint of water, boil it till half the water be mentioned, boiled to the thickness of new j consumed, then let it stand till it be almost honey. ( 21 , 22 .) cold, and strain it through a woollen cloth, 3 G 204 THE COMPLETE HERBAL letling it run out at leisure: without press- \ want help, or such as are in health, and want ing. °Vo every pint of this decoction add! no money to quench thirst, one pound of sugar, and boil it over the I 3. Now-a-day it is commonly used- fire till it come to a syrup, which you may j 1. To prepare the body for purgation, know, if you now and then cool a little of j 2. To open obstructions and the pores, it with a spoon : Scum it all the while it: 3. To digest tough humours, boils, and when it is sufficiently boiled,: 4. To qualify hot distempers, &c. whilst it is hot, strain it again through aj 4. Simple Juleps, (for I have nothing to woollen cloth, but press it not. Thus you j say to compounds here) are thus made; have the syrup perfected. |Take a pint of such distilled water, as con- 3dly, Syrups made of juice, are usually : duces to the cure of your distemper, which made of such herbs as are full of juice, and | this treatise will plentifully furnish you indeed they are better made into a syrup:with, to which add two ounces of syrup, this way than any other; the operation is j conducing to the same effect; (I shall give thus: Having beaten the herb in a stonejyou rules for it in the next chapter) mix mortar, with a wooden pestle, press out the ': them together, and drink a draught of it at juice, and clarify it, as you are taught be- : your pleasure. If you love tart things, fore in the juices; then let the juice boil j add ten drops of oil of vitriol to your pint, away till about a quarter of it be consumed;: and shake it together, and it will have a fine to a pint of this add a pound of sugar, and $ grateful taste. when it is boiled, strain it through a woollen : 5. All juleps are made for present use ; cloth, as we taught you before, and keep it land therefore it is in vain to speak of their for your use. j duration. 3. If you make a syrup of roots that arej any thing hard, as parsley, fennel, and grass 1 roots, &c. when you have bruised them, j lay them in steep some time in that water: ^ which you intend to boil them in hot, so will: the virtue the better come out. \ 4. Keep your syrups either in glasses or: j ’ >, and stop them not with cork nor 5, - , , , , would have the glass j the weather be hot, not half so long. break and the syrup lost, only bind paper 2 Decoctions are made of leaves, roots, about the mouth. : n . , , , ’ c A1 , • r» I, j . : nowers, seeds, fruits or barks, conducing to J- Al •f ru !T’ made ’ con . tlnl,e a i the cure of the disease you make them for; y w. om at van age, ye suc 1 a $ aie: made in the same manner as we shewed made by infusion, keep shortest. \ J 1 : you in syrups. chapter iii. | 3. Decoctions made with wine last longer {than such as are made with water; and if | you take your decoction to cleanse the 1. Juleps were first invented, as I sup-: passages of the urine, or open obstructions, pose, in Arabia; and my reason is, because | your best way is to make it with white the word Julep is an Arabic word. : wine instead of water, because this is pene- 2. It signifies only a pleasant potion, asltrating. is vulgarly used by such as are sick, and j 4. Decoctions are of most use in such All and stone pots bladder, unle* CHAPTERIV. Of Decoctions. the difference between clecoc- syrups made by decoction, is Syrups are made to keep, decoctions for pre'sent use; for you can hardly a decoction a week at any time; if Of Juleps. AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 205 diseases as lie in the passages of the body, as the stomach, bowels, kidneys, passages of urine and bladder, because decoctions pass quicker to those places than any other form of medicines. 5. If you will sweeten your decoction with sugar, or any syrup fit for the occasion you take it for, which is better, you may, and no harm. 6. If in a decoction, you boil both roots, herbs, flowers, and seed together, let the roots boil a good while first, because they retain their virtue longest ; then the next in order by the same rule, viz. 1. Barks. 2. The herbs. 3. The seeds. 4. The flowers, 5. The spices, if you put any in, because their virtues come soonest out. 7. Such things as by boiling cause sliminess to a decoction, as figs, quince- seed, linseed, &c. your best ivay is, after you have bruised them, to tie them up in a linen rag, as you tie up calf s brains, and so boil them. 8. Keep all decoctions in a glass close stopped, and in the cooler place you keep them, the longer they will last ere they be sour. Lastly, The usual dose to be given at one time, is usually two, three, four, or five ounces, according to the age and strength of the patient, the season of the year, the strength of the medicine, and the quality of the disease. chapter v. Of Oils. { 1. Oil Olive, which is commonly known \ by the name of Sallad Oil, I suppose, be- \ cause it is usually eaten with sallads by j them that love it, if it be pressed out of j ripe olives, according to Galen, is tempe-1 rate, and exceeds in no one quality. ; 2. Of oils, some are simple, and some are j compound. \ , 3. Simple oils, are such as are made of; fruits or seeds by expression, as oil of sweet and bitter almonds, linseed and rape-seed oil, &c. of which see in my Dispensatory. 4. Compound oils, are made of oil of olives, and other simples, imagine herbs, flowers, roots, &c. 5. The way of making them is this: Having bruised the herbs or flowers you would make your oil of, put them into an earthen pot, and to two or three handfuls of them pour a pint of oil, cover the pot with a paper, set it in the sun about a fortnight or so, according as the sun is in hotness; then having warmed it very well by the fire, press out the herb, &c. very hard in a press, and add as many more herbs to the same oil; bruise the herbs (I mean not the oil) in like manner, set them in the sun as before; the oftener you repeat this, the stronger your oil will be ; At last when you conceive it strong enough, boil both herbs and oil together, till the juice be consumed, which you may know by its bubbling, and the herbs will be crisp ; then strain it while it is hot, and keep it in a stone or glass vessel for your use. * 6. As for chymical oils, I have nothing to say here. 7. The general use of these oils, is for pains in the limbs, roughness of the skin, the itch, &c. as also for ointments and plaisters. 8. If you have occasion to use it for wounds or ulcers, in two ounces of oil, dissolve half an ounce of turpentine, the heat of the fire will quickly do it; for oil itself is offensive to wounds, and the turpen¬ tine qualifies it. chapter vi Of Electuaries. Piiy sicians make more a quoil than needs by half, about electuaries. I shall prescribe but one general way of making them up; as for ingredients, you may vary 206 THE COMPL ETE HERBAL them as you please, and as you find occa- \ 2. Conserves of herbs and flowers, are sion, by the last chapter. \ thus made: if you make your conserves of 1* That you may make 'electuaries when j herbs, as of scurvy-grass, wormwood, rue, you need them, it is requisite that you keep j and the like, take only the leaves and ten- always herbs, ’ roots, flowers, seeds, &c. \ der tops (for you may beat your heart out ready dried in your house, that so you may j before yoiTcan beat the stalks small) and be in a readiness to beat them into powder j having beaten them, weigh them, and to when you need them. \ every pound of them add three pounds of 2. It is better to keep them whole than | sugar, you cannot beat them too much, beaten ; for being beaten, they are more 1 3. Conserves of fruits, as of barberries, subject to lose their strength; because the i sloes and the like, is thus made : First, air soon penetrates them. j Scald the fruit, then rub the pulp through 3. If they be not dry enough to beat into \ a thick hair sieve made for the purpose, powder when you need them, dry them by {called a pulping sieve ; you may do it for a gentle fire till they are so. \ a need with the back of a spoon: then take 4. Having beaten them, sift them through j this pulp thus drawn, and add to it its a fine tiffany searce, that no great pieces 1 weight of sugar, and no more ; put it into may be found in you electuary. s ? a pewter vessel, and over a charcoal fire; 5. To one ounce of your powder add * stir it up and down till the sugar be melted, three ounces of clarified honey ; this quan-jand your conserve is made. tity I hold to be sufficient. If you would j 4. Thus you have the way of making make more or less electuary, vary your pro- | conserves ; the way of keeping them is in portion accordingly. j earthen pots. 6. Mix them well together in a mortar, j 5. The dose is usually the quantity of a and take this for a truth, you cannot mix \ nutmeg at a time morning and evening, them too much. 1 or (unless they are purging) when you 7. The way to clarify honey, is to set it j please. over the fire in a convenient vessel, till the j 6. Of conserves, some keep many years, scum rise, and when the scum is taken off, \ as conserves of roses : other but a year, as it is clarified. \ conserves of Borage, Bugloss, Cowslips and 8. The usual dose of cordial electuaries, 1 the like. is from half a dram to two drams; ofpurg-1 7. Have a care of the working of some ing electuaries, from half an ounce to an j conserves presently after they are made; ounce. • | look to them once a day, and stir them 9. The manner of-keeping them is in a; about: conserves of Borage, Bugloss, pot. \ Wormwood, have got an excellent faculty 10. The time of taking them, is either in j at that sport. a morning fasting, and fasting an hour after! 8. You may know when your conserves them ; or at night going to bed, three or four ! are almost spoiled by this ; you shall find hours after supper. j a hard crust at top with little holes in it, chapter vii. '! as though worms had been eating there. Of Conserves . \ chapter viii. j 1. The way of making conserves is two-; fold, one'of herbs and flowers, and the other j of fruits. % i Of Preserves . Op Preserves are sundry sorts, and the AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 207 operation of all being somewhat different, j you cut it into it, and let it remain until we will handle them all apart. These are i you have occasion to use it, preserved with sugar; * 3. Roots are thus preserved; First, Scrape 1. Flowers. 3. Roots. \ them very clean, and cleanse them from the 2. Fruits. 4. Barks. i pith, if they have any, for some roots have 1. Flowers are very seldom preserved; i not, as Eringo and the like; Boil them in I never saw any that I remember, save \ water till they be soft, as we shewed you only cowslip flowers, and that was a great j before in the fruits ; then boil the water you fashion in Sussex when I was a boy. It is | boiled the root in into a syrup, as we shewed thus done, Take a flat glass, we call them ^ you before; then keep the root whole in the jat glasses ; strew on a laying of fine sugar, j syrup till you use them, on that a laying of flowers, and on that \ 4. As for barks, we have but few come another laying of sugar, on that another \ to our hands to be done, and of those the laying of flowers, so do till your glass be [few that I can remember, are, oranges, full; then tie it over with a paper, and in j lemons, citrons, and the outer bark of wal- a little time, you shall have very excellent \ nuts, which grow without side the shell, and pleasant preserves. \ for the shells themselves would make but There is another way of preserving \ scurvy preserves ; these be they I can re¬ flowers ; namely, with vinegar and salt, j member, if there be any more put them as they pickle capers and broom-buds ; but; into the number. as I have little skill in it myself, I cannot j The way of preserving these, is not all teach you. \ one in authors, for some are bitter, some are 2 Fruits, as quinces, and the like, are j hot; such as are bitter, say authors, must preserved two ways be soaked in warm water, oftentimes chang- (1.) Boil them well in water, and then jing till their bitter taste be fled ; But I like pulp them through a sieve, as we shewed i not this way and my reason is this; Because you before; then with the like quantity of j I doubt when their bitterness is gone, so is sugar, boil the water they were boiled in j their virtue also ; I shall then prescribe one into a syrup, viz. a pound of sugar to a pint 1 common way, namely, the same with the of liquor; to every pound of this syrup, \ former, viz. First, boil them whole till they add four ounces of the pulp ; then boil it j be soft, then make a syrup with sugar and with a very gentle fire to their right con- j the liquor you boil them in, and keep the sistence, which you may easily know if you \ barks in the syrup. drop a drop of it upon a trencher ; if in 5. They are kept in glasses or in glaz’d pots, be enough, it will not stick to your fingers \ 6. The preserved flowers will keep a year, when it is cold. \ if you can forbear eating of them ; the (2.) Another way to preserve fruits is \ roots and barks much longer, this; First, Pare off the rind; then cut$ 7- This art was plainly and first invented them in halves, and take out the core: then * for delicacy, yet came afterwards to be of boil them in water till they are soft; if you j excellent use in physic ; For, know when beef is boiled enough, you may 1 (1.) Hereby medicines are made pleasant easily know when they are; Then boil the \ for sick and squeamish stomachs, which water with its'j like weight of sugar into a t else would loath them, syrup; put the syrup into a pot, and put{ (2.) Hereby they are preserved from de* the boiled fruit as whole as you left it when § caying a long time. ( 21 , 22 .) } 3 h 208 THE COMPLETE HERBAL CHAPTER IX. Of LohocJcs. 1. That which the Arabians call mean, not the mortar,) cover it with a paper and set it either in the sun, or some other warm place; three, four, or five days, that it may melt; then take it out and boil it a little ; then whilst it is hot, strain it out, pressing it out very hard in a press : to this grease add as many more herbs bruised as before; let them stand in like manner as long, then boil them as you did the former; \ If you think your ointment is not strong Lo- hocks, and the Greeks Eclegma, the Latins call Linctus, and in plain English signifies nothing else but a thing to be licked up. i 2. They are in body thicker than aj syrup, and not so thick as an electuary. 3. The manner of taking them is, often to j enough, you may do it the third and fourth take a little with a liquorice stick, and let it j time : yet this I will tell you, the fuller of go down at leisure. | juice the herbs are, the sooner will your 4. They are easily thus made; Make \ ointment be strong; the last time you boil a decoction of pectoral herbs, and the trea- j it, boil it so long till your herbs be crisp, tise will furnish you with enough, and when \ and the juice consumed, then strain it you have strained it, with twice its weight \ pressing it hard in a press, and to every of honey or sugar, boil it to a lohock; if \ pound of ointment add two ounces of tur- you are molested with much phlegm, honey \ pentine, and as much wax, because grease is better than sugar; and if you add a little I is offensive to wounds, as well as oil. vinegar to it, you will do well; if not, I hold j 2. Ointments are vulgarly known to be sugar to be better than honey. \ kept in pots, and will last above a year, 5 . It is kept in pots, and may be kept a * some above two years. year and longer. | 6. It is excellent for roughness of the $ wind-pipe, inflammations and ulcers of the | lungs,difficulty of breathing,asthmas,coughs, | and distillation of humours, * CHAPTER XI Of Plaisters. CHAPTER X Of Ointments. 1. The Greeks made their plaisters of ; divers simples, and put metals into the most | of them, if not all; for having reduced their \ metals into powder, they mixed them with | that fatty substance whereof the rest of the 1. Various are the ways of making \ plaisler consisted, whilst it was thus hot, ointments, which authors have left to pos- ^ continually stirring it up and down, lest it terity, which I shall omit, and quote one j should sink to the bottom; so they con- which is easiest to be made, and therefore \ tinualJy stirred it till it was stiff; then they most beneficial to people that are ignorant; made it up in rolls, which when they needed m physic, for whose sake I write this. It is j for use, they could melt by the fire ao-ain. thus done. \ 2. The Arabians made up theirs with Eruise those herbs, flowers, or roots, you \ oil and fat, which needed not so Iono- will make an ointment of, and to two hand- \ boiling. fuls of your bruised herbs add a pound of \ 3. The Greeks emplaisters consisted of hogs grease dried, or cleansed from the; these ingredients, metals, stones, divers skins, beat them very well together in a j sorts of earth, feces, juices, liquors, seeds, stone mortar with a wooden pestle, then put \ roots, herbs, excrements of creatures, wax, it into a stone pot, (the herb and .grease 1j rosin, gums. AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 209 CHAPTER XII. Of Poultices. CHAPTER XIV. \ stomach is never cold till a man be dead ; in such a case, it is better to carry troches of wormwood, or galangal, in a paper in ^ , ....... , his pocket, than to lay a gallipot along with 1. Poultices are those kind or things r which the Latins call Cataplasmata and our j 4 _' xh are made thus . At night when learned fellows, thati they can lead Eng is i, ;,, ou to | )ed t a k e two drams of fine gum thats al call them Cataplasms because; tr aga C anth : put it into a gallipot, and put tts a crabbed word few understand; it is in- lm ( f a quai t e,- G f a pint of any distilled deed a veiy fine kind ot medicine to ripen j water fitting for the purpose you would sores. hnake your troches for to cover it, and the 2 ’T he y ar ^ ma ^ e l iel hs an ! 00t ^*next morning you shall find it in such a fitted for the disease and members afflicted, j jeM as the physicians call mucilage ; With being chopped small, and boiled in water you (with a liu | e p;lins taken) and that paste , - . ... . i . * — -‘--s.— -, dry them in the better, spread upon a cloth and app y to \ s h a de, and keep them in a pot. for yxiur the grieved places. \ use S. Their use is to ease pain, to break ; sores, to cool inflammations, to dissolve j hardness, to ease the spleen, to concoct i humours, and dissipate swellings. j 4. I beseech you take this caution along! with you; Use no poultices (if you canj rpsem ^p little balls; the Gieeks call them help it) that are of an healing nature, before j Catapotia. you have first cleansed the body, because * 2. It is the opinion of modern physicians, they are subject to draw the humours to j that this way of making medicines, was them from every part of the body. invented only to deceive the palate, that !so by swallowing them down whole, the chapter xiii. > bitterness of the medicine might not be nf rn, i ' I perceived, or at least it might not be unsuf- J 100 6 * jferable: and indeed most of their pills, 1. The Latins call them Placentula , or i though not all, are very bitter. i little cakes, and the Greeks Prochikois, j 3. I am of a clean contrary opinion to Kukliscoi , and Artiscoi; they are usually ; this. I rather think they were done up in little round flat cakes, or you may make \ this hard form, that so they might be the them square if you will. j longer in digesting; and my opinion is 2. Their first invention was, that powders \ grounded upon reason too, not upon fancy, being so kept might resist the intermission : or hearsay. The first invention of pills was of air, and so endure pure the longer. ;to purge the head, now, as I told you 3. Besides, they are easier carried in the; before, such infirmities as lie near the pas- pockets of such as travel ; as many a man j sages were best removed by decoctions, (for example) is forced to travel whose i because they pass to the grieved part stomach is too cold, or at least not so hot as ; soonest; so here, if the infirmity lies in the it should be, which is most proper, for the \ head, or any other remote part, the best way Of Pills. They are called Pilule, because they 210 THE COMPLETE HERBAL is to use pills, because they are longer m\\ digestion, and therefore the better able to 5 qall the offending humour to them. » 4 . If I should tell you here a long tale oft medicine working by sympathy and anti- j pathy, you would not understand a word of j it: They that are set to make physicians j may find it in the treatise. All modern \ physicians know not what belongs to aj sympathetical cure, no more than a cuckow • what belongs to Hats and sharps in music, ? but follow the vulgar road, and call it a| hidden quality, because 'tis hidden from the 5 eyes of dunces, and indeed none but astro- j logers can give a reason for it; and physic \ without reason is like a pudding without j fat. j 5 . The way to make pills is very easy, { for with the help of a pestle and mortar, j and a little diligence, you may make any 5 powder into pills, either with syrup, or the j jelly I told you before. chapter xv The way of mixing Medicines according to y the Cause of the Disease, and Parts of the \ < Body afflicted. j This being indeed the key of the work, j I shall be somewhat the more diligent in \ it. I shall deliver myself thus ; \ 1 . To the Vulgar. ! 2 . To such as study Astrology; or such! as study physic astrologically. \ 1 st, To the Vulgar. Kind souls, I am: sorry it hath been your hard mishap to have § been so long trained in such Egyptian dark- \ ness which to your sorrow may be felt;! The vulgar road of physic is not my prac-j tice, and I am therefore the more unfit to 1 give you advice. I have now published \ a little book, ( Galen s Art of Physic ,) which I will fully instruct you, not only in the \ knowledge of your own bodies, but also in ' “ ,0 -J - --*■**“'"' •*“ J fit medicines to remedy each part of it V when afflicted; in the piean season take \ these few rules to stay your stomachs. \ 1 . With the disease, regard the cause, and the part of the body afflicted; for example, suppose a woman be subject to miscarry, through wind, thus do ; . ( 1 .) Look Abortion in the table of dis¬ eases, and you shall be directed by that, how many herbs prevent miscarriage. ( 2 .) Look Wind in the same table, and you shall see how many of these herbs ex¬ pel wind. These are the herbs medicinal for your grief. 2 . In all diseases strengthen the part of the body afflicted. 3 . In mix'd diseases there lies some dif¬ ficulty, for sometimes two parts of the body are afflicted with contrary humours, as sometimes the liver is afflicted with choler and water, as when a man hath both the dropsy and the yellow-jaundice;, and this is usually mortal. . In the former, Suppose the brain be too cool and moist, and the liver be too hot and dry ; thus do ; r 1 . Keep your head outwardly warm. 2 . Accustom yourself to the smell of hot herbs. 3 . Take a pill* that heats the head at night going to bed. 4 . In the morning take a decoction that cools the liver, for that quickly passes the stomach, and is at the liver immediately. You must not think, courteous people, that I can spend time to give you examples of all diseases ; These are enough to let you see so much light as you without art are able to receive ; If I should set you to look at the sun, I should dazzle your eyes, and make you blind. 2 dly, To such as study Astrology, (who are the only men I know that are fit to study physic, physic without astrology being like a lamp without oil: you are the men I exceedingly respect, and such documents as my brain can give you at present (being absent from my study) I shall give you. AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 211 * 1. Fortify the body with herbs of the'' nature of the Lord of the Ascendant, ’tis no! niatler whether he be a Fortune or Infortune j in this case. j 2. Let your medicine be something anti- ; pathetieai to the Lord of the sixlh. \ S. Let your medicine be something of! the nature of the sign ascending. ; 4. It the Lord of the Tenth be strong, j make use of his medicines. i 5. If this cannot well be, make use of the medicines of the Light of Time. 6. Be sure always to fortify the grieved part of the body by sympathetieai remedies. 7. Regard the heart, keep that upon the wheels, because the Sun is the foundation of life, and therefore tiiose universal remedies, A arum Potabile , and the Philosopher’s Stone, cure all diseases by fortifying the heart. THE ENGLISH PHYSICIAN AND FAMILY DIPENSATORY. AN ASTROLOGO-PHYSICAL DISCOURSE OF THE HUMAN VIRTUES IN THE BODY OF MAN; BOTH PRINCIPAL AND ADMINISTERING. Human virtues are either principal^ The scope of this discourse is, To pre¬ fer procreation , and conservation- or A D-* servein soundness a » d vigour, the mind mtn i* tring, for Attraction, ’Digestion j and understanding of man; to strengthen Retention , or Expulsion. \ the brain ’ preserve the body in health, to j teach a man to be an able co-artificer, or Virtues conservative , are Vital, Natural, j helper of nature, to withstand and expel and Animal. * j Diseases. By the natural are bred Blood, Choler, j I shall touch only the principal faculties Flegm, and Melancholy. j both of body and mind ; which being kept The animal virtue is Intellective, and Sen- j in a due decorum, preserve the body in sitive. | health, and the mind in vigour. The Intellective is Imagination, Judgment, \ I shall in this place speak of them only and Memory. j in the general, as they are laid down to The sensitive is Common, and Particular.! your view in the Synopsis , in the former The particular is Seeing, Hearing, Smell-; pages, and in the same order, ing, Tasting, and Feeling. \ Virtue Procreative .1 The first in order, is (21, 22.) * 3 i 212 THE COMPLETE HERBAL the Virtue Procreative; for natural regards $ Choler is made of meat more than per- not only the conservation of itself, but to \ fectly concocted ; and it is the spume or beget its like, and conserve in Species. \ froth of blood : it clarifies all the humours, The seat of this is the Member of Gene- i heats the body, nourishes the apprehension, ration, and is governed principally by the | as blood doth the judgment: It is in quality influence, of Venus. j hot and dry; fortifies the attractive faculty, It is augmented and encreased by the \ as blood doth the digestive; moves man to strength of Venus, by her Herbs, Roots, \ activity and valour: its receptacle is the Trees, Minerals, &c. jgall, and it is under the influence of Mars. It is diminished and purged by those of; Flegm is made of meat not perfectly di- Mars, and quite extinguished by those of 5 gested; it fortifies the virtue expulsive,makes Saturn. i the body sli ppery, fit for ejection ; it fortifies Observe the hour and Medicines of Venus, \ the brain by its consimilitude with it; yet to fortify; of Mars, to cleanse this virtue ;• it spoils apprehension by its antipathy to it: of Saturn, to extinguish it. {It qualifies choler, cools and moistens the Conservative. ~\ The conservative virtue is i heart, thereby sustaining it, and the whole Vital, Natural, Animal. \ body, from the fiery effects, which continual Vital.'] The Vital spirit hath its residence \ motion would produce. Its receptacle is in the heart, and is dispersed from it by the j the lungs, and is governed by Venus, some Arteries; and is governed by the influence J say by the Moon, perhaps it may be go¬ of the Sun. And it is to the body, as the: verned by them both, it is cold and moist in Sun is to the Creation; as the heart is in i quality. the Microcosm, so is the Sun in the Mega- i Melancholy is the sediment of blood, cold cosm: for as the Sun gives life, light, and \ and dry in quality, fortifying the retentive motion to the Creation, so doth the heart to | faculty, and memory; makes men sober, the body; therefore it is called Sol Corporis, \ solid, and staid, fit for study ; stays the un- as the Sun is called CorCcdi, because their | bridled toys of lustful blood, stays the wan- operations are similar. ; dering thoughts, and reduces them home to Inimical and destructive to this virtue,|the centre: its receptacle is in the spleen, are Saturn and Mars. \ and it is governed by Saturn. The Herbs and Plants of Sol, wonderfully : Of all these humours blood is the chief, fortify it. : a ll the rest are superfluities of blood ; yet ^Natural.'] The natural faculty or virtue! are they necessary superfluities, for without resides in the liver,and is generally governed ? any of them, man cannot live, by Jupiter, Quasi Juvans Pater ; its office is j Namely; Choler is the fiery superfluities; to nourish the body, and is dispersed through j Flegm, the Watery; Melancholy, the the body by the veins. ^ j Earthly. From this are bred four particular! Animal .] The third principal virtue re- humours, Blood, Choler, Flegm, and Melan- \ mains, which is Animal; its residence is in chohj. : the brain, and Mercury is the general sig- Blood is made of meat perfectly con-: nificator of it. Ptolomy held the Moon sig- cocted, in quality hot and moist, governed j nified the Animal virtue; and I am of by Jupiter: It is by a third concoction; opinion, both Mercury and the Moon dis- transmuted into flesh, the superfluity of it? pose it; and my reason is, 1 , Because both into seed, and its receptacle is the veins, by \ oftheminnativities,eitherfortify,orimpedite which it is dispersed through the body. j it. 2 , Ill directions to either, or from either. AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 213 afflict it, as good om-s help it. Indeed the j Moon rules the bulk of it, as also the sensi- \ live part of it: Mercury the rational part: j and that's the reason, if in a nativity thej Moon be stronger than Mercury , sense many j times over-powers reason; but if Mercury : be strong, and the Moon weak, reason will | be master ordinarily in despite of sense. * It is divided into Intellective, and Sen-1 sitive. • 1. Intellective .] The Intellectual resides : in the brain, within the Pia mater , is govern- > ed generally by Mercury. j It is divided into Imagination, Judgment, j and Memory. I Imagination is seated in the forepart of; the brain; it is hot and dry in quality,; quick, active, always working; it receives; vapours from the heart, and coins them into j thoughts: it never sleeps, but always is j working, both when the man is sleeping and ; waking; only when Judgment is awake itj regulates the Imagination, which runs at j random when J udgment is asleep, and forms \ any thought according to the nature of the! vapour sent up to it. Mercury is out oil question the disposer of it. } A man may easily perceive his Judg-j ment asleep before himself many times, and j then he shall perceive his thoughts run at; random. j Judgment always sleeps when men do, j Imagination never sleeps ; Memory some-j times sleeps when men sleep, and sometimes | it doth not: so then when memory is awake,; and the man asleep, then memory remem-; bers what apprehension coins, and that is a; dream: The thoughts would have been the: same, if memory had not been awake to re-; member it. j These thoughts are commonly (I mean in ; sleep, when they are purely natural,) framed ; according to the nature of the humour,; called complexion, which is piedominate in j the body ; and if the humour be peccant it \ is always so. \ So that it is one of the surest rules to know a man's own complexion, by his dreams, I mean a man void of distractions, or deep studies : (this most assuredly shews Mercury to dispose of the Imagination, as also because it is mutable, applying itself to any object, as Mercury’s nature is to do;) for then the imagination will follow its old bent; for if a man be bent upon a business, his apprehension will work as much when he is asleep, and find out as many truths by study, as when the man is awake ; and perhaps more too, because then it is not hindered by ocular objects. And thus much for imagination, which is governed by Mercury, and fortified by his influence ; and is also strong or weak in man, according as Mercury is strong or weak in the nativity.* Judgment is seated in the midst of the brain, to shew that it ought to bear rule over all the other faculties : it is the judge of the little world, to approve of what is good, and reject what is bad ; it is the seat of reason, and the guide of actions; so that all failings are committed through its infirmity, it not rightly judging between a real and an apparent good. It is hot and moist in quality, and under the influence of Jupiter. Memory is seated in the hinder cell of the brain, it is the great register to the little world ; and its office is to record things either done and past, or to be done. It is in quality cold and dry, melancholic, and therefore generally melancholic men have best memories, and most tenacious every way. It is under the dominion of Saturn , and is fortified by his influence, but purged by the luminaries. 2. Sensitive.'] The second part of the ani¬ mal virtue, is sensitive, and it is divided into two parts, common and particular. Common sense is an imaginary term, and that which gives virtue to all the par¬ ticular senses, and knits and unites them i 214 THE COMPLETE HERBAL together within the Pia Mater. - It is regu-iltis under the dominion of Venus , some say, lated by Mercury, (perhaps this is one rea- \ Mercury: A thousand to one, but it is son why men are so fickle-headed) and its j under Mercury. office is to preserve a harmony among the^ The four administering virtues are, senses. { attractive, digestive, retentive, and expulsive. Particular senses are five, viz. seeing,\ ° hearing, smelling, tasting, and feeling. i The attractive virtue is hot and dry, hot These senses are united in one, in the | by quality, active, or principal, and that brain, by the common sense, but are ope- \ appears because the fountain of all heat is ratively distinguished into their several § attractive, viz. the sun. Dry by a quality passive, or an effect of its heat; its office sight resides in the eyes, and par- j is to remain in the body, and call for what is seats, and places of residence. The ticularly in the christaline humour. It is: nature wants in quality cold and moist, and governed by * It is under the influence of the Sun, say the luminaries. They who have them weak \ authors, and not under Mars, because he is in their genesis, have always weak sights ; j of a corrupting nature, yet if we cast an if one of them be so, the weakness pos- j impartial eye upon experience, we shall \ find, that martial men call for meat none of is ini the least, and for drink the most of all other and j men, although many times they corrupt the j body by it, and therefore I see no reason is in! why Mars being of the same quality with quality hot and dry, choleric, and that is 5 the Sun, should not have a share in the the reason choleric creatures have so good | dominion. It is in vain to object, that the smells, as dogs. It is under the influence \ influence of Mars is evil, and therefore he of Mars. * should have no dominion over this virtue ; The taste resides in the palate, which is \ for then, placed at the root of the tongue on purpose i 1 . By the same rule, he should have no to discern what food is congruous for the} dominion at all in the body of man. stomach, and what not; as the meseraik } 2 . All the virtues in man are naturally veins are placed to discern what nourish- \ evil, and corrupted by Adams fall, ment is proper for the liver to convert into! This attractive virtue ought to sesses but one eye. The hearing resides in the ears; quality, cold and dry, melancholy, under the dominion of Saturn. The smelling resides in the nose, the Moon is in Sagitary, but to be forti- fiery signs, viz. not in Leo, for the blood. In some very few men, and but; fied when a few, and in those few, but in few instances ; Aries and these two tasters agree not, and that is the}sign is so violent, that no physic ought to reason some men covet meats that make} be ~ given when the Moon is there: (and them sick, viz. the taste craves them, andj why not Leo, seeing that is the most attrac- the meseraik veins reject them : In quality : tive sign of all; and that's the reason such hot and moist, and is ruled by Jupiter. j as have it ascending in their genesis, are The feeling is deputed to no particular} such greedy eaters.) If you connot stay till organ, but is spread abroad, over the wholej the Moon be in one of them, let one of them body ; is of all qualities, hot, cold, dry, and } ascend when you administer the medicine, moist, and is the index of all tangible; The digestive virtue is hot and moist, and things; for it it were only hot alone, it ^ is the principal of them all, the other like could not feel a quality contrary, viz. cold, 5 handmaids attend it. and this might be spoken of other qualities.} The attractive virtue draws that which it AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 215 should digest, and serves continually to feed and supply it. The retentive virtue, retains the substance with it, till it be perfectly digested. The expulsive virtue casteth out, expels what is superfluous by digestion. It is under the influence of Jupiter, and fortified by his herbs and plants, &c. In fortifying it, let your Moon be in Gemini, Aquary , or the first half of Libra , or if matters be come to that extremity, that you cannot stay till that time, let one of them ascend, but both of them together would do better, always provided that the Moon be not in the as¬ cendent. 1 cannot believe the Moon afflicts the ascendent so much as they talk of, if she be well dignified, and in a sign she delights in. The retentive virtue is in quality cold and dry ; cold, because the nature of cold is to compress, witness the ice ; dry, because the nature of dryness, is to keep and hold what is compressed. It is under the influence of Saturn , and that is the reason why usually Saturnine men are so covetous and tenaci¬ ous. In fortifying of it, make use of the herbs and plants, &c. of Saturn, and let the Moon be in Taurus or Virgo, Capricorn is not so good, say authors, (I can give no reason for that neither ;) let not Saturn nor his ill aspect molest the ascendent. The expulsive faculty is cold and moist; cold because that compasses the super¬ fluities ; moist, because that makes the body slippery and fit for ejection, and disposes it to it. It is under the dominion of Luna , with whom you may join Yerus, because she is of the same nature. Also in whatsoever is before written, of the nature of the planets, take notice, that fixed stars of the same nature, work the same effect. In fortifying this, (which ought "to r be done in all purgations,) let the Moon be in Cancer, Scorpio , or Pisces, or let one of these signs ascend. ( 21 , 22 . Although I did what I could throughout j the whole book to express myself in such a ; language as might be understood by all, and i therefore avoided terms of art as imuch as \ might be. Yet, 1. Some words of necessity fall | in which need explanation. 2. It would be ; very tedious at the end of every receipt to repeat \ over and over again, the way of administration j of the receipt, or ordering your bodies after it, i or to instruct you in the mixture of medicines, j and indeed would do nothing else but stuff the \ book full of tautology. \ To answer to both these is my task at this \ time. | To the first: The words which need ex¬ plaining, such as are obvious to my eye, are ; these that follow. 1. To distil in Balno Marias, is the usual j way of distilling in water. It is no more than \ to place your glass body which holds the matter I to be distilled in a covenant vessel of water, \ when the water is cold (for fear of breaking) , put a wisp oj straw, or the like under is, to keep \ it from the bottom, then make the water boil, \ that so the spirit may be distilled forth; take \ not the glass out till the water be cold again, j for fear of breaking : It is impossible for a j man to learn how to do it, unless he saw it s j done. i 2. Manicci Hippocrates. Hippocrates's | sleeve, is a piece of woolen cloth, new and | while, sewed together in form of a sugar-loaf. Its use is, to strain any syrup or decoction j through, by pouring it into it, and suffering | it to run through without pressing or crush- (ing it. \ 3. Calcination, is a burning of a thing in j a crucible or other such convenient vessel i that will endure the fire. A crucible is such I a thing as goldsmiths melt silver in, and | founders metals ; you may place it in the »midst of the fire, with coals above, below, \ and on every side of it. 4. Filtrition, is straining of a liquid body \ through a brown paper : make up the paper i in form of a funnel, the which having placed * 3 K 216 THE COMPLETE HERBAL in a funnel, and the funnel ami the paper Iso medicines might be more delightful, or at in it in an empty glass, pour.in the liquor! least less burdensome. You may make the you would filter, and let it run through at its ? mixtures of them in what form you please; leisure. ionly for your better instruction at present, 5 . Coagulation, is curdling or hardening : i accept of these few lines. it is used in physic for reducing a liquid j 1 . Consider, that all diseases are cured by body to hardness by the heat of the fire. \ their contraries, but all parts of the body 6 . Whereas you find vital , natural , and ; maintained by their likes: then if heat be animal spirits often mentioned in the virtues i the cause of the disease, give the cold medi- or receipts, I shall explain what they be, \ cine appropriated to it; if wind, see how and what their operation is in the body of \ many medicines appropriated to that disease man. j expel wind, and use them. The actions or operations of the animal! 2. Have a care you use not such medi- virtues, are, 1 . sensitive, 2 . motive. '.cines to one part of your body which are The sensitive is, 1 . eHernal , 2. internal. | appropriated to another, for if your brain The external senses are, 1 , seeing, 2. hear-\ be over heated, and you use such medicines ing, 3. tasting, 4. smelling, 5. feeling. 4 as cool the heart or liver, you may make The internal senses are, 1 . the Imagination, j bad work. to apprehend a thing. 2 .Judgment, to judge jj 3. The distilled water of any herb you of it. 3. Memory, to remember it. ; would take for a disease, is a fit mixture The seat of all these is in the brain. > for the svrup of the same herb, or to make The vital spirits proceed from the heart, S any electuary into a drink, if you affect and cause in man mirth, joy, hope , trust, ji such liquid medicines best; if you have not humanity, mildness , courage, tjc. and their j the distilled water, make use of the decoc- opposite : viz. sadness, fear , care , sori'ow ,; lion.. despair, envy, hatred, stubbornness, revenge, fyc.\ 4. Diseases that lie in the parts of the by heat natural or not natural. j body remote from the stomach and bowels, The natural spirit nourishes the body \ it is in vain to think to carry away the cause throughout (as the vital quickens it, and the j at once, and therefore you had best do it bv animal gives it sense and motion) its office 1 degrees; pills,and such like medicines which is to alter or concoct food into chile, chile; are hard in the body, are fittest for such a into blood, blood into fleshj to form, engen-i business, because they are longest before der, nourish, and increase the body. i they digest. 7. Infusion, is to steep a gross body into! 5. Use no strong medicines, if weak will one more liquid. 1 serve the turn, you had better take one too 8 . Decoction, is the liquor in which any j weak by half, than too strong in the least, thing is boiled. $ 6. Consider the natural temper of the part As for the manner of using or ordering! of the body afflicted, and maintain it in that, the body after any sweating, or purging * else you extinguish nature, as the heart is medicines, or pills, or the like, they will bet hot, the brain cold, or at least the coldest found in different parts of the work, as also' part of the body. in the next page. $ 7 . Observe this general rule; That such . ^ ie different forms of making up medi-j medicines as are hot in the first degree are ernes, as some into syrups, others into elec-; most habitual to our bodies, because they tuaiies, pills, troches. See. was partly to > are just of the heat of our blood, please the different palates of people, that! 8 . All opening medicines, and such as AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 217 s provoke urine or the menses, or break thej stone, may most conveniently be given in ; white Avine, (because white wine of itself isj of an opening nature, and cleanses thej reins. j 9. Let all such medicines as are taken; to stop fluxes or looseness, be taken before \ meat, about an hour before, more or less, \ that so they may strengthen the digestion \ and retentive faculty, before the food come j into the stomach, but such as are subject to j vomit up their meat. Jet them take such \ medicines as stay vomiting presently after 1 meat, at the conclusion of their meals, that t so they may close up the mouth of the! stomach ; and that is the reason why usually ; men eat a bit of cheese after meat, because; by its sourness and binding it closes the; mouth of the stomach, thereby staying \ belching and vomiting. \ 10. In taking purges be very careful, and \ that you may be so, observe these rules. (1.) Consider what the humour offending j is, and let the medicine be such as purges s that humour, else you will weaken nature, \ not the disease. (2.) Take notice, if the humour you would \ purge out be thin, then gentle medicines will j serve the turn, but if it be tough and viscous, * then such medicines as are cutting and j opening, the night before you would take \ the purge. \ (3.) In purging tough humours, forbear as i much as may be such medicines as leave a j binding quality behind them. j (4.) Have a care of taking purges when j your body is astringent; your best way, is; first to open it by a clyster. | (5.) In taking opening medicines, you; may safely take them at night, eating but; a little supper three or four hours before, j and the next morning drinking a draught of i warm posset-drink, and you need not fear; to go about your business. In this manner; you may take Lenitive Electuary, Diacatho- j licon, Pulp of Cassia, and the like gentle; electuaries, as also all pills that have neither Diagrydium nor Colocynthus, in them. But all violent purges require a due ordering of the body; such' ought to be taken in the morning after you are up, and not to sleep after them before they are done working, at least before night: two hours after you have taken them, drink a draught of warm posset- drink, or broth, and six hours after eat a bit of mutton, often walking about the chamber; let there be a good fire in the chamber, and stir not out of the chamber till tht' purge have done working, or not till next day. Lastly, Take sweating medicines when you are in bed, covered warm, and in the time of your sweating drink posset-drink as hot as you can. If you sweat for a fever, boil sorrel and red sage in your posset-drink, sweat an hour or longer if your strength will permit, then (the chamber being kept very warm) shift yourself all but your head, about which (the cap which you sweat in being still kept on) wrap a napkin very hot, to repel the vapours back. I confess these, or many of these direc¬ tions may be found in one place of the book or other, and 1 delight as little to write tautology as another, but considering it might make for the public good, I inserted them in this place : if, notwithstanding, any will be so mad as to do themselves a mis¬ chief, the fault is not mine. ROOT S. Acanths, Branca Ur since. Of bearsbreech, or brankursine, it is meanly hot and dry, helps aches and numness ot the joints, and is of a binding quality, good for wounds and broken bones. Dioscarides saith, they are profitable for ruptures, or such as are bursten, or burnt with fire, a dram of the root in powder being taken in the morning THE COMPLETE HERBAL 218 fasting, ina decoction made with the same j vulsions; bolh of them resist poison. I root and water. i never read any use of the climing birth- Acori , l eri, Perigrini , vulgaris , See. See S wort. Calamus Aromatic us. 1 shall not speak con-j Artanitce , Cyclaminis , tfc. Or Sowbread ; cerning the several sorts ot it, one of which j hot and dry in the third degree, a most ■flag, or Flower-de-luce, which is the is \Vat< i hot and dry in the second degree, binds, strengthens, stops duxes of the belly, and immoderate liowing ot the nu uses, a dram gravel ; being bruised and boiled in milk, Ari, tfc. and the milk drank, is a good remedy for gri- j Robin, hoi violent purge, dangerous; outwardly ap¬ plied to the place, it profits much in the bitings of venomous beasts, also being hung about women in labour, it causes speedy being taken in red wine every morning. \ deliverance. See the Herb. Allium. Garlic. It is hot and dry in the • Arundinis , Vallanorice , and Saccharinoe. fourth degree, breeds corrupt blood, yet is | Of common reeds and sugar reeds. The an enemy to all poisons, and such as are; roots of common reeds applied to the place bitten by cold venomous beasts, viz. Adders, j draw out thorns, and ease sprains; the Toads, Spiders, &c. it provokes mine, and {ashes of them mixed with vinegar, take expels wind. j scurf, or dandrif off from the head, and Alcanna. Of privet. See the leaves. ; prevent the falling off of the hair, they are Althcea. Ot Marsh mallows, are meanly j hot and dry in the second degree, according hot, of a digesting, softening nature, ease j to Galen. I never read any virtue of the pains, help bloody fluxes, the stone, and \ root of sugar cane. Of Cuckow-points, or Wake- hot and dry in the third degree, pings of the belly, and the bloody dux. If jl know no great good they do inwardly a fever accompany the disease, boil a hand- j taken, unless to play the rogue withal, or ful of common mallow leaves with a hand- j make sport : outwardly applied, they take ful of these roots. j off scurf, morphew, or freckles from the Angelica:. Of Angelica; is hot and dry j face, clear the skin, and ease the pains in the third degree, strengthens the heart, j of the gout. and is good against pestilence and poison,; Asclepiadis, vincetoxici. Of Swallow-wort, half a dram taken in the morning fasting, j hot and dry, good against poison, and Anchusie. Of Alkanet; cold and dry, I gripings of the belly, as also against the binding, good for old ulcers. j bitings of mad dogs, taken inwardly. 1 Authora. A foreign root, the counter- j Asari. Of Asarabacca: the roots are poison for Monkshood, it is an admirable \ a safer purge than the leaves, and not so remedy tor the wind cholic, and resists x violent, they purge by vomit, stool, and pm son. | urine ; they are profitable for such as have Ai>ii. Of smallage. See the barks. ; agues, dropsies, stoppings of the liver, or three sorts, lo..^, imnm. rum nnmmr • »u| Asparagi. ur Asparagus, or sperage! x they are temperate in quality, opening, away both $ they provoke urine, and cleanse the reins in while wine, Of smallage. See the barks. Of birthwort; of which are \ spleen, green sickness J, r °und, and climing; All 1 Aspatugi. Of Asparagus, or hot anil diy in the third degree. The long, * they are temperate in being diank in wine, brings away both j they provoke uri bit th and aftei-birth, and whatsoever a care- j and bladder, being boiled le>s midwife hath left behind. Dioscorides, jand the wine drank. Galen. 1 up lound, being drank with wine, | Asphodel), Hastce Reigce feem. Of Kings helps (besides the former) stuffings of the | Spear, or Female Asphodel. I know no lungs, iiatdness of the spleen, ruptures, con-jj physical use of the roots; probably there AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 219 is, for l ido not believe God created any thing of no use. Asphodeli, Albuci, murk. Of male Aspho¬ del. Hot and dry in the second degree, inwardly taken, they provoke vomit, urine, and the menses: outwardly used in oint¬ ments, they cause hair to grow, cleanse ulcers, and take away morphew and freckles from the face. Bardana , $c. Of Bur, Clot-bur, or Bur¬ dock, temperately hot and dry. Helps such as spit blood and matter ; bruised and mixed with salt and applied to the place, helps the bitings of mad dogs. It expels wind, eases pains of the teeth, strengthens the back, helps the running of the reins, and the whites, being taken inwardly. Dioscorides, Apuleius. Be hen. alb. rub. Of Valerian, white and red. Mesne, Serapio, and other Arabians, say they are hot and moist in the latter end of the first, or beginning of the second degree, and comfort the heart, stir up lust. The Grecians held them to be dry in the second degree, that they stop fluxes, and provoke urine. Bellidis. Of Dasies. Beta, nigra, alba , black, white, and red ; I have nothing to say, rare as black swans, boiled and preserved in vinegar, makes a fine, cool, pleasing, cleansing, digesting sauce. See the leaves. Bistort a , #c. Of Bistort, or snakeweed, cold and dry in the third degree, binding: half a dram at a time taken inwardly, re¬ sists pestilence and poison, helps ruptures and bruises, stays fluxes, vomiting, and immoderate flowing of the menses, helps in¬ flammations and soreness of the mouth, and fastens loose teeth, being bruised and boiled in white wine, and the mouth washed with it. Borraginis. Of Borrage, hot and moist ( 21 , 22 .) See the Leaves. rubra. Of Beets, as for black Beets 1 doubt they are as The red Beet root in the first degree, cheers the heart, helps drooping spirits. Dioscorides. Bronia, §c. Of Briony both white and black : they are both hot and dry, some say in the third degree, and some say but in the first; they purge flegm and watery humours, but they trouble the stomach much, they are very good for dropsies; the white is most in use, and is good for the fits of the mother: Both of them externally used, take away freckles, sunburning, and morphew from the face, and cleanse filthy ulcers : It is but a churlish purge, but being let alone, can do no harm. „ Buglossi. Of Bugloss: Its virtues are the same with Borrage, and the roots of either seldom used. Bulbus 1 Vomitorius. A Vomiting Root: I never read of it els where by this general name. Calami Aromatici. Of Aromatical Reed, or sweet garden flag: it provokes urine, strengthens the lungs, helps bruises, resists poison, &c. being taken inwardly in pow¬ der, the quantity of half a dram at a time. You may mix it with syrup of violets, if your body be feverish. Capparum. Capper Roots. Are hot and dry in the second degree, cutting and cleansing: they provoke menses, help malignant ulcers, ease the toothache, assuage swelling, and help the rickets. See Oil of Cappers. Cariophillata, $c. Of Avens, or Herb Bennet. The roots are dry, and something hot, of a cleansing quality, they keep gar¬ ments from being moth-eaten. See the leaves. Caulium. Of Colewort. I know nothing the roots are good for, but only to bear the herbs and flowers. Centrum majoris. Of Centaury the Greater. The roots help such as are bur- sten, suchas spitblood, shrinking of sinews, shortness of wind, coughs, . convulsions, 3 L 220 THE COMPLETE HERBAL cramps: half a dram in powder be-jit opens obstructions of the liver, being ing taken inwardly, either in muskadel, j boiled in white wine, and the decoctions or in a decoction of the same roots, j drank ; and if chewed in the mouth it helps They are either not at all, or very scarce Uhe tooth-ache. Celandine the lesser is in England , our centaury is the small cen-1 that which usually we call Pilewort, which tuary. ; with us is hot in the first degree ; the juice Cepce. Of Onions. Are hot and dry j of the root mixed with honey and snuffed (according to Galen) in the fourth degree :\ up in the nose, purges the head, helps the they cause dryness, and are extremely hurt- \ hemorrhoids or piles being bathed with it, ful for choleric people, they breed but little $ as also doth the root only carried about one: nourishment, and that little is naught: they; being made into an ointment, it helps the are bad meat, yet good physic for phleg- \ king's evil or Scrophula. matic people, they are opening, and pro-1 China , wonderfully extenuates and dries, voke urine and the menses, if cold be the; provokes sweat, resists putrefaction; it cause obstructing: bruised and outwardly 1 strengthens the liver, helps the dropsy and applied, they cure the bitings of mad dogs, j malignant ulcers, leprosy, itch, and vene- roasted and applied, they help boils, and \ real, and is profitable in diseases coming of aposthumes : raw, they take the fire out of; fasting. It is commonly used in diet drinks burnings, but ordinarily eaten, they cause j for the premises. headache, spoil the sight, dull the senses, \ Cichorii. Of Succory ; cool and dry in and fill the body full of wind. * the second degree, strengthens the liver and Chameleontis alhi nigri , <$c. Of Chame- * veins, it opens obstructions, stoppings in the leon, white and black. Tragus calls the \ liver and spleen, being boiled in white wine carline thistle by the name of white chame- \ and the decoction drank, leon, the root whereof is hot in the second j Colchici. Of Meadow Saffron. The degree, and dry in the third, it provokes \ roots are held to be hurtful to the stomach, sweat, kills worms, resists pestilence and ] therefore I let them alone, poison ; it is given with success in pestilen- i Consolidce , majoris , minoris. Consolida tial fevers, helps the toothache by being! Major, is that which we ordinarily call chewed in the mouth, opens the stoppings | Comfry, it is of a cold quality, yet pretty of the liver and spleen, provokes urine, and: temperate, so glutinous, that, according to the menses; give but little of it at a time. \ Dioscorides, they will join meat together by reason of its heat. As for the black \ that is cut in sunder, if they be boiled with chameleon, all physicians hold ittohaveiit; it is excellent for all wounds, both in- a kind of venomous quality, and unfit to belternal and external, for spitting of blood, used inwardly, Galen , Clusius, Nicander ,; ruptures or burstness, pains in the back, it Dioscorides, and JEgineta. Outwardly inj strengthens the reins, it stops the menses, ointments, it is profitable for scabs, mor- \and helps hemorrhoids. The way to use phew, tetters, &c. and all things that need \ them is to boil them in water and drink the cleansing. i decoction. Consolida minor, is that we C helidonij majoris, minoris. Of celandine,; call Self-heal, and the latins Prunella. See the greater and lesser : The greater is that \ the herb. which we usually call Celandine: the root' Costi utriusque . Of Costus both sorts, is hot and dry, cleansing and scouring,: being roots coming from beyond sea, hot proper for suchas have the yellow jaundice, j and dry, break wind, being boiled in oil, AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 221 it is held to help the gout by anointing the j the pestilence : it helps the vertigo or grieved place with it. j swimming of the head, is admirable against Cucumeris a grestis. Of wild Cucumber 1 the bitings of venomous beasts, and such as roots; they purge flegm, and that with such \ have taken too much opium, as also for violence, that I would advise the country ^lethargies, the juice helps hot rheums in the man that knows not how to correct them, to j eyes ; a scruple of the root in powder is let them alone. \ enough to take at one time. Cinaree, $c. Of Artichokes. The roots | Dracontii , Dracunculi. Divers authors purge by urine, whereby the rank savour of | attribute divers herbs to this name. It is the body is much amended. \ most probable that they mean dragons, Cynoglossw, &>c. . Of Hounds-tongue, j the roots of which cleanse mightily, and Cold and dry: being roasted and laid to \ take away proud, or dead flesh, the very the fundament, helps the hemorrhoids, is ; smell of them is hurtful for pregnant women: also good for burnings and scaldings. j outwardly in ointments, they take away Curcuma. Of Turmerick, hot in the \ scurf, morphew, and sun-burning ; I would third degree, opens obstructions, is profita- ; not wish any, unless very well read in physic, ble against the yellow jaundice, and cold ; to take them inwardly. Matthiolus , Dios- distemper of the liver and spleen, half a \ corides. dram being taken at night going to bed in 1 Ebuli. Of Dwarf Elder, Walwort, or the pulp of a roasted apple, and if you add \ Danewort; hot and dry in the third degree, a little saffron to it, it will be the better by 1 the roots are as excellent a purge tor the far. j dropsy as any under the sun. You may * Cyperiutriusque , longi, rotundi. Of Cyprus jtake a dram or two drams (it the patient be Grass, or English Galanga, both sorts, long j strong) in white wine at a time, and round : is of a warm nature, provokes \ Echij. Of Viper's Bugloss, or wild Bug- urine, breaks the stone, provokes the menses; | loss. This root is cold and dry, good for such the ashes of them (being burnt) are used for \ as are bitten by venomous beasts , either being ulcers in the mouth, cankers, See. j boiled in wine and drank , or bruised and applied Dauci. Of Carrots. Are moderately * to the place : being boiled in wine and drank , hot and moist, breed but little nourishment, \ it encreaseth milk in nurses. and are windy. \ Ellebori, Veratri, albi nigri. Of Helle- Dentaria majoris , SfCi Of Toothwort, i bore white and black. The root of white Helle- toothed violets, or corral wort: they are i bore, or sneezewort, being grated and snuffed drying, binding, and strengthening; are \ up the nose, causeth sneezing; kills rats and good to ease pains in the sides and bowels ;\mice being mixed with their meat. also being boiled, the decoction is said to I Black Hellebore, Bears-foot or Christmas be good to wash green wounds and ulcers \flower: both this and the former are hot and with. \dry in the third degree. This is neither so Dictiamni. Of Dittany : is hot and dry $ violent nor dangerous as the former. in the third degree, hastens travail in! Enulae Campanae Helenij. Of Elecam- women, provokes the menses. (See the j pane. It is hot and dry in the third degree, leaves.) : wholesome for the stomach, resists poison, helps Doronici. Of Doronicum, a supposed i old coughs, and sortness of breath, helps rup- kind of Wolf's bane : It is hot and dry in i tures, and provokes lust; in ointments, it is good the third degree, strengthens the heart, is a; against scabs and itch. sovereign cordial, and preservative against* Endivae, &c. Of Endive, Garden Endive, 222 THE COMPLETE HERBAL which is the root here specified , is held to he \ amorous diseases. You map take half a dram somewhat colder, though not so dry and cleans- \at a time. Matthiolus. ing as that which is wild ; it cools hot stomachs, j Gentiana. Of Gentian; some call it Tel- hot livers, amends the blood corrupted by heat ,; wort, and Baldmoney. It is hot, cleansing , and therefore is good in fevers, it cools the t and scouring, a notable counter poison, it opens reins, and therefore prevents the stone, it opens \ obstructions, helps the biting of venemous beasts, obstructions, and provokes urine: you may bruise \ and mad dogs, helps digestion, and cleanseth the root, and boil it in u nite wine. His very 1 the body of raw h umours ; the root is pr(fitable harmless. \for ruptures, or such as are bursten. Eringij. Of Eringo or Sea-holly: the \ Glycyrrhizae. Of Liquorice; the best roots are moderately hot, something drying and \ that is grows in England : it is hot and moist cleansing, bruised and applied to the place; \ in temperature, helps the roughness of the they help the Scrophula, or disease in the j windpipe, hoarsness, diseases in the kidneys and throat called the King's Evil, they break the ; bladder, and ideers in the bladder, it concocts stone, encrease seed, stir up lust, provoke the ; raw humours in the stomach, helps difficulty of terms, SfC. \ breathing , is profitable for all salt humours ; Esulae, majoris, minoris. Of Spurge the j the root dried and beaten into powder, and the greater and lesser, they are both (taken in-$ powder put into the eye, is a special remedy wardly) too violent for common use; outwardly l for a pin and web. in ointments they cleanse the skin, take away * Gramminis. Of Grass, such as in London sunbuming. \ they call couch grass, and Squitch-grass; in Filicis, &c. Team, of which aretwo grand* Sussex Dog-grass. It gallantly provokes distinctions, viz. male and female. Both are j urine, and easeth the kidneys oppressed with hot and dry, and good for the rickets in chil- j gravel, gripings of the belly, and difficulty of dren, and diseases of the spleen, but dangerous ; urine. Let such as are troubled with these for pregnant women. \ diseases, drink a draught of white wine, wherin Filipendulse. Of Dropwort. The roots \ these roots (being bruised) have been boiled, are hot and dry in the third degree, opening, \for their morning's draught, bruised and ap- cleansing, yet somewhat binding; they provoke \ plied to the place, they speedily help green urine, ease pains in the bladder, and are a good \ wounds. Galen, Dioscorides. preservative against the falling-sickness. j Hermodactyli. Of Hermodactils. They ioeniculi. Of Fennel. The root is hot \ are hot and dry, purge flegm, especially from and dry, some say in the third degree, opening; * the joints, therefore are good for gouts, and it provokes urine , and menses, strengthens the \ other diseases in the joints. Their vices are liver, and is good against the dropsy. j corrected with long pepper, ginger, cinnamon, Iraxini. Of Ash-tree. I know no great lor mastich. I would not have unskilful people virtues in physic of the roots. 1 too busy with purges. Galangse, majoris, minoris. Galanga,\ Hyacintlii. Of Jacinths. The roots arc commonly called Galingcd, the greater and] dry in the first degree, and cold in the second; lesser: They are hot and dry in the third \ they stop looseness, bind the belly, degree, and the lesser are accounted the hotter , j lridis, vulgaris, and Florentine, &c. it strengthens the stomach exceedingly, and i Orris, or Flower-de-luce, both that which takes away the pains thereof coming of cold l grows with us, and that which comes from or wind; the smell of it strengthens the brain, \ Florence. They are hot and dry in the it relieves faint hearts, takes away windiness 1 third degree, resist poison, help shortness of the womb, heats the reins, and provokes\oi the breath, provoke the menses; the AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. Root being green and bruised, takes away \ applied, it helps ulcers in the head, and blackness and blueness of a stroke, being j amends the ill colour of the face, applied thereto. j Malvce. Of Mallows. They are cool, Imperii oriee, See the leaves. ■ Ebenum. Ebony. It is held to clear the sight, being either boiled in wine, or burnt to ashes. _ * Guajacum , Lignum vital Dries, attenu-j ales, causes sweat, resists putrefaction, is good for the French disease, as also for ulcers, scabs, and leprosy: it is used in diet drinks. j Juniperus. Juniper. The smoak of the ! wood, drives away serpents; the ashes of * it made into lie, cures itch, and scabs. Nephriticum. It is a light wood and comes from Hispaniola; being steeped in water, will soon turn it blue, it is hot and dry in the first degree, and so used as be¬ fore, is an admirable remedy for the stone, and for obstructions of the liver and spleen. Rhodium. Encreases milk in nurses. Santalum , album, Rubrum,citrinum. White, red, and yellow Sanders : They are all cold and dry in the second or third degree: the red stops defluxions from any part, and helps inflammations: the white and yellow (of which the yellow is best) cool the heat of fevers, strengthen the heart, and cause cheerfulness. Sassafras. Is hot and dry in the second degree, it opens obstructions or stoppings, it strengthens the breast exceedingly; if it be weakened through cold, it breaks the stone, stays vomiting, provokes urine, and is very profitable in the venereal, used in diet drinks. Tamaris. Is profitable for the rickets, and burnings. Xylobalsamum. Wood of the Balsam tree, it is hot and dry in the second degree, according to Galen. I never read any great virtues of it. HERBS AND THEIR LEAVES. A Brotanum , mas , feemina. Southern¬ wood, male and female. It is hot and dry in the third degree, resists poison, kills worms; outwardly in plaisters, it dissolves cold swellings, and helps the bitings of venomous beasts, makes hair grow: take not above half a dram at a time in powder. Absinthium, #c. Wormwood. Its several sorts, are all hot and dry in the second or third degrees, the common Wormwood is thought to be hottest, they all help weak¬ ness of the stomach, cleanse choler, kill worms, open stoppings, help surfeits, clear the sight, resist poison, cleanse the blood, and secure cloaths from moths. Abugilissa , §c. Alkanet. The leaves are something drying and binding, but inferior in virtue to the roots, to which I refer you. Acctosa. Sorrel. Is moderately cold 230 THE COMPLETE HERBAL dry and binding, cats tough humours, cools j held to be more cordial; cools the blood, f he brain liver and stomach, cools the 1 helps ulcers in the mouth; hot defluxions blood in fevers, and provokes appetite. j upon the lungs, wounds, ulcers, &c. Acanthus. Bears-breech, or Branks Alcea. Vervain Mallow. The root helps ursine is temperate, something moist. See j fluxes and burstness. Mtus, Dwscondes th root r S Allium. Garlick. Hot and dry in the Adkntum, Album, nigrum. Maiden hair, j fourth degree troublesome to the stomach; white and black. They are temperate, yet l it dulls the sight, spoils a clear skin, resists drying White Maiden hair is that we \ poison, eases the pains of the teeth, helps usually* call Wall-rue; they both open ob-jthe bitings of mad dogs, and venomous structions, cleanse the breast and lungs of j beasts, helps ulcere, leprosies, provokes aross slimy humours, provoke urine, help 1 urine, is exceedingly opening, and profita- ruptures and shortness of wind. j Me for dropsies. Adiantum Aurcum Politrycum. Golden \ Althaa, #c. Marsh-Mallows. Aremode- Maiden-hair. Its temperature and virtues |ratelyhotand dnerthanother Mallows; they are the same with the former; helps the (help digestion, and mitigate pain, ease the spleen • burned, and lye made with the; pains of the stone, and in the sides. Use ashes keeps the hair from falling off the 1 them as you were taught in the roots, whose head P virtues they have, and both together will Agrimonia. Agrimony. Galen s Eupa- \ do better. torium. Il is hot and dry in the first degree, \ Alsine. Chickweed. Is cold and moist binding, it amends the infirmities of the liver, helps such as evacuate blood instead without any binding, assuages swelling, and comforts the sinews much; therefore it of water, helps inward wounds, opens : is good for such as are shrunk up; it dis- obstructions. Outwardly applied it helps?solves aposthumes, hard swellings, and old sores, ulcers, &c. Inwardly, it helps ? helps mange in the hands and legs, out- the jauirlti.ee and the spleen. Take a dram wardly applied in a pultis. Galen. of this or that following, inwardly in white 1 Alchymilla. Ladies-Mantle. Is hot and wine, or boil the herb*in white wine, and?dry, some say in the second degree, some drink the decoction. Galen, Pliny , Diosco - \ say in the third: outwardly it helps wounds, rides, Serapio. ? reduces women's breasts that hang down: Ageretum. Hot and dry in the second de- \ inwardly, helps bruises, and ruptures, stays gree, provokes urine and the menses, dries j vomiting, and the Fluor Albus, and is very the brain, opens stoppings, helps the green \ profitable for such women as are subject to sickness, and profits such as have a cold, ? miscarry through cold and moisture, weak liver; outwardly applied, it takes? Alkanna. Privet hath a binding quality, away the hardness of the matrix* and fills j helps ulcers in the mouth, is good against hollow ulcers with flesh. y j burnings and scaldings, cherishes the nerves Agnus Castus, c. Paul’s Betony, r o? place; stops fluxes, helps scalding and \ Male Lluellin, to which add Elative , or burnino-. j Female Lluellin, which conies afterwards ; Bardana. Clot-bur, or Bur-dock : tern- j they are pretty temperate, stop defluxions perately dry and wasting, something cool- $ of humours that fall from the head into the ing; it is held to be good against the shrink- \ eyes, are profitable in wounds, help filthy mg of the sinews; eases pains in the bladder, \ foul eating cankers. and provokes urine. Also Mizaldus saith,! Betonica Coronaria , 8>c. Is Clove Gilli- that a leaf applied to the top of the head of! flowers. See the flowers, a woman draws the matrix upwards, but! Beilis. Dasies: are cold and moist in applied to the soles of the feet draws it ? the second degree, they ease all pains and downwards, and is therefore an admirable \ swellings coming of heat, in clysters they remedy for suffocations, precipitations, and ; loose the belly ; are profitable in fevers and dislocations of the matrix, if a wise man ; inflammations of the testicles, they take have but the using of it. \ away bruises, and blackness and blueness ; Beta, alba, nigra, rubra. Beets, white, j they are admirable in wounds and inflam- black, and red ; black Beets I have no j mations of the lungs or blood knowledge of. The white are something i Blitum. Blites. Some say they are cold colder and moister than the red, both of: and moist, others cold and dry: none them loosen the belly, but have little or no 5 mention any great virtues of them, nourishment. The white provoke to stool, j Borrago. Borrage : hot and moist, com- and are more cleansing, open stoppings' of; forts the heart, cheers the spirits, drives the liver and spleen, help the vertigo or; away sadness and melancholy, they are swimming in the head : The red stay fluxes,; rather laxative than binding; help swooning help the immoderate flowing of the menses,! and heart-qualms, breed good blood, help and are good in the yellow jaundice. . \ consumptions, madness, and such as are Beuedicta CariphijlLva. Avens : hot and $ much weakened by sickness, dry, help the cholic and rawness of the! Bonus Henricus. Good Henry, or all stomach, stitches in the sides, and take away > good ; hot and dry, cleansing and scouring; clotted blood in any part of the body. I inwardly taken it loosens the belly; out- : Betonica vulgaris. Common or . Wood : wardly it cleanseth old sores and ulcers. AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 238 Botrys. Oak of Jerusalem : hot and dry j Calamintha , Montana , Palustris. Moun- in the second degree, helps such as are short- tain and Water Calaraint: For the Water winded, cuts and wastes gross and tough flegm, laid among cloaths they preserve them from moths, and give them a sweet smell. Branca ursina. Bears-breech. Calamint: see mints, than which it is ac¬ counted stronger. Mountain Calamint, is hot and dry in the third degree, provokes urine and the menses, hastens the birth in women, brings away the placenta, helps Brionia, be. Briony, white and black ; j cramps, convulsions, difficulty of breathing, roth are hot and dry in the third degree,: kills worms, helps the dropsy : outwardly purge violently, ^et are held to be whole-! used, it helps such as hold their necks on some physic for such as have dropsies, j one side: half a dram is enough at one time, vertigo, or swimming in the head, falling- * Galen , Dioscorides , Apuleius. sickness, &c. Certainly it is a strong, j Calendula. be. Marigolds. The leaves troublesome purge, therefore not to be tarn- ; are hot in the second degree, and something pered with by the unskilful, outwardly in j moist, loosen the belly: the juice held in ointments it takes away freckles, wrinkles,; the mouth, helps the toothache, and takes morpliew, scars, spots, &c. from the face. j away any inflammation or hot swelling Bursa pastoris. Shepherd’s Purse, is: being bathed with it, mixed with a little manifestly cold and dry, though Lobel and i[vinegar. Pena thought the contrary; it is binding!; Callitricum. Maiden-hair. SeeAdianthum. and stops blood, the menses; and cools in-j Caprisolium. Iioney-suckles: Ihe leaves flammations. j are hot, and therefore naught for inflam- Buglossom. Buglosse. Its virtues are f mations of the mouth and throat, for which the same with Borrage. i the ignorant people oftentime give them : Bugula. Bugle, or M.ddle Comfrey; is j and Galen was true in this, let modern temperate for heat, but very drying, ex-j writers write their pleasure. If you chew cellent for falls or inward bruises, for it dis- \ but a leaf of it in your mouth, experience solves congealed blood, profitable for inward | will tell you that it is likelier to cause, wounds, helps the rickets and other stopp- 1 than to cure a sore throat, they provoke ings of the liver ; outwardly it is of wonder- ; urine, and purge by urine, bring speedy ful force in curing wounds and ulcers, j delivery to women in travail, yet procure though festered, as also gangreens and fis-; barrenness $nd hinder conception, out- tulas, it helps broken bones, and disloca-> wardly they dry up foul ulcers, and cleanse tions. Inwardly you may take it in powder; the face from morphew, sun-burning and a dram at a time, or drink the decoction j freckles. of it in white-wine: being made into an;. Carduncellus, be. Groundsell. Cold and ointment with hog’s grease, you shall find J moist according to Tragus , helps the cholic, it admirable in green wounds. jand gripings in the belly, helps such as Buphthalmum , be. Ox eye. Matthiolus j cannot make water, cleanses the reins, saith they are commonly used for black | purges choler and sharp humours: the Hellebore, to the virtues of which I refer. \ usual way of taking it is to boil it in water Bums. Boxtree: the leaves are hot, dry,: with currants, and so cat it. I hold it to be and binding, they are profitable against the \ awholesomeand harmless purge. Outwardly biting of mad dogs; both taken inwardly; it easeth women’s breasts that are swollen boiled and applied to the place: besides; and inflamed; as also inflammations of the they arc good to cure horses of the bots. i joints, nerves, or sinews. .Bgincta, r 234 THE COMPLETE HE RBAL ___ Carduus B. Marice. Our Ladies Thistles.: are drying and binding, help dimness of the They are far more temperate than Carduus \ sight: help the spleen, preseive from Benedictus, open obstructions of the liver, j drunkenness, and help the evil effects of it. help the jaundice and dropsy, provoke provoke the menses. urine, break the stone. \ Centaurium , majus 9 minus. Centaury the Carduus Benedictus, Blessed Thistle , but j greater and less. Phey say the greatei better known by the Latin name : it is hot j will do wonders in curing wounds : see the and dry in the second degree, cleansing and i root. The less is a present remedy for the opening, helps swimming and giddiness in j yellow jaundice, opens stoppings ot the the head, deafness, strengthens the memory, j liver, gall, and spleen : purges choler, helps helps griping pains in the belly, kills worms, j gout, clears the sight, purgeth the stomach, provokes sweat, expels poison, helps in- j helps the dropsy and green sickness. It is flammation of the liver, is very good in j only the tops and ffowers which are useful, pestilence and venereal: outwardly applied, j ot which you may take a dram inwardly in it ripens plague-sores, and helps hot swell- $ powder, or half a handful boiled in posset- ings, the bitings of mad dogs and venomous j drink at a time. beasts, and foul filthy ulcers. Every one \ Centinodium, tyc. Knotgrass : cold in the that can but make a Carduus posset, knows j second degree, helps spitting and other how to use it. Camerarius , Arnuldus vel 5 evacuations of blood, stops the menses and anovanus. ■ ~ \ all other fluxes of blood, vomiting of blood, Chalina. See the roots, under the name 1 gonorrhcea, or running of the reins, weak- of white Chameleon. 1 ness of the back and joints, inflammations Corallina. A kind of Sea Moss : cold, j of the privities, and such as make water by binding, drying, good for hot gouts, in- \ drops, and it is an excellent remedy for flammations: also they say it kills worms, i hogs that will not eat their meat. \ r our and therefore by some is called Maw-worm- j only way is to boil it, it is in its prime about seed. | the latter end of July , or beginning of Cussutha , cascuta , potagralini . Dodder. j August: at which time being gathered it See Epithimum. j may be kept dry all the year. Brassavolus , Caryophyllata. Avens, or Herb Bennet, \ Camerarius. hot and dry : they help the cholic, rawness : Caryfolium vulgar e et Myrrhis. Common of the stomach, stitches in the sides,! and great chervil: Take them both together, stoppings of the liver, and bruises. \ and they are temperately hot and dry, pro- Cataputia minor. A kind of Spurge. Seeivoke urine, stir up venery, comfort the Tythymalus. j heart, and are good for old people; help Cattaria, Nepeta. Nep, or Catmints. \ pleurises and pricking in the sides. The virtues are the same with Calaminth. ; Ccepea , AnagaUis aquatica. Brooklime, Cauda Equina. Horse-tail; is of a bind-! hot and dry, but not so hot and dry as ing drying quality, cures wounds, and is an j’Water cresses; they help mangy horses: admirable remedy for sinews that are shrunk: \ see Water cresses. it is a sure remedy for bleeding at the nose, j Ceterach , $c. Spleenwort: moderately or by wound, stops the menses, fluxes, | hot, waste and consumes the spleen, inso- ulcers in the reins and bladder, coughs, j much that Vitruvius affirms he hath known ulcers in the lungs, difficulty of breathing, jhogs that have fed upon it, that have had Caulis , Brassica horiensis , silvestris. Cole -1 (when they were killed) no spleens at all. wort, or Cabbages, garden and wild. They | It is excellently good for melancholy people, AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 235 helps the stranguary, provokes urine, and \ Cinara , Sf-c. Artichokes. They provoke breaks the stone in the bladder, boil it and j venery, and purge bj r urine, drink the decoction ; but because a little $ Cichorium. Succory, to which add Endive boiling will carry away the strength of it in \ which comes after. They are cold and dry vapours, let it boil but very little, and let it j in the second degree, cleansing and open- stand close stopped till it be cold before j ing; they cool the heats ot the liver, and you strain it out; this is the general rule j are profitable in the yellow jaundice, and for all simples of this nature. ' j burning fevers; help excoriations in the Chamapitys. Ground-pine; hot in the ; privities, hot stomachs ; and outwardly ap- _ second degree, and dry in the third, helps \ plied, help hot rheums in the eyes, the jaundice, sciatica, stopping of the liver, j Cicuta. Hemlock: cold in the fourth and spleen, provokes the menses, cleanses ? degree, poisonous: outwardly applied, it the entrails, dissolves congealed blood, re- \ helps Priapismus , the shingles, St. Anthony’s sists poison, cures wounds and ulcers. ; fire , or any eating ulcers. Strong bodies may take a dram, and weak j Clematis Daphnoicles^ Vinca provinca. Peri- bodies half a dram of it in powder at a j winkle. Hot in the second degree, some¬ time. | thing dry and binding ; stops lasks, spitting Chamddmelum , sativum , sylvestre. Garden \ of blood, and the menses, and Wild Chamomel. Garden Chamomel, ; Consolida major. Comffey, I do not con- is hot and dry in the first degree, and as ; ceive the leaves to be so virtuous as the gallant a medicine against the stone in the j roots. bladder as grows upon the earth, you may ; Consolida media. Bugles, of which before, take it inwardly, I mean the decoction of ; Consolida minima. Daises, it, being boiled in white wine, or inject the ; Consolida rubra. Golden Rod : hot and juice of it into the bladder with a syringe.; dry in the second degree, cleanses the reins, It expels wind, helps belchings, and potent- \ provokes urine, brings away the gravel: ly provokes the menses : used in baths, it j an admirable herb for ‘wounded people to helps pains in the sides, gripings and j take inwardly, stops blood, &c. gnawings in the belly. ; Consolida Degalis , Delphinium. Lark Chamcedris , fyc. Germander: hot and j heels: resist poison, help the bitings of dry in the third degree; cuts and brings; venomous beasts. away tough humours, opens stoppings of the \ Saracenica Solidago. Saracens Confound liver and spleen, helps coughs and shortness ; Helps inward wounds, sore mouths, sore of breath, stranguary and stopping of urine,; throats, wasting of the lungs, and liver, and provokes the menses; half a dram is j Coronepus. Buchorn Plantanc, or Sea- enough to take at a time. j plantain : cold and dry, helps the bitings Chelidonium utrumque. Celandine both ; of venomous beasts, either taken inwardly, sorts. Small Celandine is usually called j or applied to the wound : helps the cholic, Pilewort; it is something hotter and dryer \ breaks the stone. JEgineta. than the former, it helps the hemorrhoids | Coronaria. Hath got many English or piles, bruised and applied to the grief.; names. Cottonweed, Cudweed, Chaffweed, Celandine the greater is hot and dry (they; and Petty Cotton. Of a drying and bind- say in the third degree) any way used ; j ing nature; boiled in lye, it keeps tho head either the juice or made into an oil or oint-; from nits and lice ; being laid among ment, it is a great preserver of the sight, $ clothes, it keeps them safe from moths, and an excellent help for the eyes. 1 kills worms, helps the bitings of venomous (23, 24.) 3 p 236 THE COMPLETE HERBAL beasts; taken in a tobacco-pipe, it helps coughs of the lungs, and vehement head¬ aches. Cruciata. Crosswort: (there is a kind of Gentian called also by this name, which I pass by) is drying and binding, exceed¬ ing good for inward or outward wounds, either inwardly taken, or outwardly ap¬ plied : and an excellent remedy for such as are bursten. Crassula. Orpine. Very good: out¬ wardly used with vinegar, it clears the skin; inwardly taken, it helps gnawings of the stomach and bowels, ulcers in the lungs, bloody-flux, and quinsy in the throat, for which last disease it is inferior to none, take not too much of it at a time, because of its coolness. Crithamus , tf-c. Sampire. Hot and dry, helps difficulty of urine, the yellow jaun¬ dice, provokes the menses, helps digestion, opens stoppings of the liver and spleen. Galen. Cucimis Asminus. Wild Cucumbers. See Elaterium. Cyanus major, minor. Blue bottle, great and small, a fine cooling herb, helps, bruises, wounds, broken veins; the juice dropped into the eye, helps the inflamma¬ tions thereof. it is to poison; it is an admirable remedy against wounds and gunshot, wounds made with poisoned weapons, it draws out splin¬ ters, broken bones, &c. The dose from half a dram to a dram. Dipsacus , sativ. sylv. Teazles, garden and wild, the leaves bruised and applied to the temples, allay the heat in fevers, qualify the rage in frenzies; the juice dropped into \ the ears, kills worms in them, dropped into : the eyes, clears the sight, helps redness and I pimples in the face, being anointed with it. Ebulus. Dwarf Elder, or Walwort. Hot j and dry in the third degree; waste hard a \ swellings, being applied in form of \ poultice; the hair of the head anointed with j the juice of it turns it black ; the leaves being applied to the place, help inflamma¬ tions, burnings, seal dings, the bitings of { mad dogs; mingled with bulls suet is a pre- 1 sent remedy for the gout; inwardly taken, i is a singular purge for the dropsy and gout. Echium. Viper’s-bugloss, ViperVherb, j Snake bugloss, Wal-bugloss, Wild-bugloss, ; several counties give it these several names : \ It is a singular remedy being eaten, for the \ biting of venomous beasts: continually \ eating of it makes the body invincible against j the poison of serpents, toads, spiders, &c. \ however it be administered ; it comforts the Cygnoglossam. IIoundVTongue, cold and j heart, expels sadness and melancholy. The dry: applied to the fundament helps the I rich may make the flowers into a conserve, hemorrhoids, heals wounds and ulcers, and \ and the herb into a syrup, the poor may is a present remedy against the bitings of! keep it dry ; both may keep it as a jewel, dogs, burnings and scaldings. \ Empetron , Calcifragra , Herniaria , $c. Cypressus , Cham to Cyparissns. Cypress- \ Rupture-wort, or Burst-wort. The English tree. The leaves are hot and binding, help | name tells you it is good against ruptures, ruptures, and Polypus or flesh growing on * and so such as are bursten shall find it, if the nose. \ they please to make trial of it, either in- Chamce cyparissns. Is Lavender Cotton.; wardly taken, or outwardly applied to the Resists poison, and kills worms. j place, or both. Also the Latin names hold Disetamnus Cretensis. Dictamny, or Dit- \ it forth to be good against the stone, which tany of Creel , hot and dry, brings away \ whoso tries shall find true, dead children, hastens delivery, brings away j Enula Campana. Elicampane. Provokes the placenta, the verv smell of it drives 1 urine. See the root. away venomous oeasts, so deadly an enemy $ Epithimum. Dodder of Time, to which AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. ___ 2 37 add common Dodder, which is usual]y that \ Fragaria. Strawberry leaves, are cold which grows upon flax : indeed every Dod- { dry, and binding, a singular remedy for der retains a virtue of that herb or plant j inflammations and wounds, hot diseases in it grows upon, as Dodder that grows upon j the throat; they stop fluxes and the terms, Broom, provokes urine forcibly, and j cool the heat of the stomach, and the in- loosens the belly, and is moister than that j flammations of the liver. The best way is which grows upon flax : that which grows \ to boil them in barley water, upon time, is hotter and dryer than that \ Fraxinus , Sfc. Ash-trees, the leaves are vhich grows upon flax, even in the third j moderately hot and dry, cure the bitings of degree, opens obstructions, helps infirmities j Adders, and Serpents; they stop looseness, of the spleen, purgeth melancholy, relieves ; and stay vomiting, help the rickets, open drooping spirits, helps the rickets : That j stoppages of the liver and spleen, which grows on flax, is excellent for agues j Fumaria. Fumitory: cold and dry, it in young children, strengthens weak j opens and cleanses by urine, helps such as stomachs, purgeth choler, provokes urine, j are itchy, and scabbed, clears the skin, opens stoppings in the reins and bladder. * opens stoppings of the liver and spleen" That which grows upon nettles, provokes i helps rickets, hypochondriac melancholy* urine exceedingly. The way of using it is : madness, frenzies, quartan agues, loosens to boil it in white wine, or other convenient i the belly, gently purgeth melancholy, and decoction, and boil it very little. JEtias, j add ust choler: boil it in white wine, and AEesue, Actual ms, kei apio, Avincena . j take this one general rule. All things erf' a Fruch. Rocket, hot and dry in the j cleansing or opening nature may be most com - third degree, being eaten alone, causeth ? mocliously boiled in white wine. Remember head-ache, by its heat procures urine. Galen. \ but this, and then I need not repeat it. , Eupatorium. See Ageratum. j Galega. GoatVrue: Temperate in Euphragia. Eyebright is something hot j quality, resists poison, kills worms, helps and dry, the very sight of it refresheth the 5 the falling-sickness, resists the pestilence, eyes; inwardly taken, it restores the sight, j You may take a dram of it at a time in and makes old men’s eyes young, a dram j powder. of it taken in the morning is worth a pair j Gallon. Ladies-bed straw : dry and bind- of spectacles, it comforts and strengthens j ing, stanches blood, boiled in oil, the oil is the memory, outwardly applied to the j good to anoint a weary traveller; inwardly place, it helps the eyes. j it provokes venery. Filix fcemina. j Gentiana. See the root. Filicitla, polypidium. > See the roots. \ Genista, Brooms: hot and dry'in the Filipendula. > ) \ second degree, cleanseand open thestomach, Malahathram. Indian-leaf, hot and dry j break the stone in the reins and bladder, m the second degree, comforts the stomach j help the green sickness. Let such as are exceedingly, helps digestion, provokes j troubled with heart-qualms or huntings, urine, helps inflammations of the eyes, \ forbear it, for it weakens the heart and secures cloaths from moths, j spirit vital. See the flowers. Fceniculum. Fennel, encreaseth milk in \ Geranium. Cranebill, the divers sorts or nurses, provokes urine, breaks the stone, * it, one of which is that which is called easeth pains in the reins, opens stoppings, 5 Muscata; it is thought to be cool and dry, breaks wind, provokes the menses ; you $ helps hot swellings, and by its smell amends may boil it in wmte wine. ; a hot brain. THE COMPLETE HERBAL 2 38 _ Geranium Columbinum . Doves-foot; helps j milk in nurses, and outwardly by ointment the wind cholic, pains in the belly, stone in j helps leprosies. the reins and bladder, and is good in rup- \ Hermann. Ihe same with Empetron. tures, and inward wounds. I suppose these | JF Ielocine. Pellitory ol the wall. Cold, are the general virtues of them all. § moist, cleansing, helps the stone and gravel Gramen. Grass: See the root. j in the kidnies, difficulty of urine, sore Gratiola. Hedge-Hyssop, purges water throats, pains in the ears, the juice being and flegm, but works very churlishly, j dropped in them; outwardly it helps the Gesner commends it in dropsies. \ shingles and St. Anthony sfire. Asphodelus foem. See the root. j Hyppoglossum. Horse-tongue, Tongue- Hepatica , Lichen. Liverwort, cold and j blade or Double-Tongue. The roots help dry, good for inflammations of the liver, the stranguary, provoke urine, ease the or any other inflammations, yellow jaundice, j hard labour of women, provoke the menses, Hedera Arborea, Terrostris. Tree and j the herb helps ruptures and the fits of the Ground-Ivy. Tree-Ivy helps ulcers, burn- \ mother: it is hot in the second degree, dry ings, scaldings, the bad effects of the spleen; \ in the first: boil it in white wine, the juice snuffed up the nose, purges the j Hyppolapathum. Patience, or Monk's head, it is admirable for surfeits or head- j Rhubarb : see the Root, ache, or any other ill effects coming of Hypposclinum. Alexanders, or Alisan- drunkenness. Ground-Ivy is that which j ders: provoke urine, expel the placenta, usually is called Alehoof, hot and dry, the help the stranguary, expel wind, juice helps noise in the ears, fistula's, gouts, Sage either taken inwardly or beaten and stoppings of the liver, it strengthens the \ applied plaister-wise to the matrix, draws reins and stops the menses, helps the yellow j forth both menses and placenta, jaundice, and other diseases coming of I Hormimim. Clary: hot and dry in the stoppings of the liver, and is excellent for j third degree; helps the weakness in the wounded people. back, stops the running of the reins, and Herba Camphorata. Stinking Ground- I the Fluor Albus, provokes the menses, and pine, is of a drying quality, and therefore j helps women that are barren through cold- stops defluxions either in the eyes or upon t ness or moisture, or both : causes fruitful- the lungs, the gout, cramps, palsies, aches : j ness, but is hurtful for the memory. The strengthens the nerves. j usual way of taking it is to fry it with but- Ilerbu Paralysis, Primula veris. Prim- \ ter, or make a tansy with it. roses, or Cowslips, which you will. The t Hydropiper. Arsmart. Hot and dry, leaves help pains in the head and joints; j consumes all cold swellings and blood con- see the flowers which are most in use. tgealed by bruises, and stripes ; applied to Herba Paris. Herb True-love, or One- \ the place, it helps that aposthume in the berry. It is good for wounds, falls, bruises, \ joints, commonly called a felon: strewed aposthumes, inflammations, ulcers in the j in a chamber, kills all the fleas there: this privities. Herb True-love, is very cold in ! is hottest Arsmart, and is unfit to be given temperature. You may take half a dram j inwardly: there is a milder sort, called of it at a time in powder. j Persicaria , which is of a cooler anti milder Herba Poberti. A kind of Cranebill. \ quality, drying, excellently good for putri- Herba venti , Anemone. Wind-flower. The j tied ulcers, kills worms : I had almost for- juice snuffed up in the nose purgeth the j got that the former is an admirable remedy head, it cleanses filthy ulcers, encreases; for the gout, being roasted between two AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 239 tiles and applied to the grieved place, and yet I had it from Dr. Butler too. Hysopus. Hysop. Helps coughs, short¬ ness of breath, wheezing, distillations upon the lungs: it is of a cleansing quality: kills worms in the body, amends the whole colour of the body, helps the dropsy and spleen, sore throats, and noise in the ears. See Syrup of Hysop. Hyosciamus , $c. Henbane. The white Henbane is held to be cold in the third degree, the black or common Henbane and the yellow, in the fourth. They stupify the senses, and therefore not to be taken inwardly, outwardly applied, they help inflammations, hot gouts: applied to the temples they provoke sleep. Hypericon. St. John’s Wort. It is as gallant a wound-herb as any is, either given inwardly, or outwardly applied to the wound : it is hot and dry, opens stopp¬ ings, helps spitting and vomiting of blood, it cleanses the reins, provokes the menses, helps congealed blood in the stomach and meseraic veins, the falling-sickness, palsy, cramps and aches in the joints ; you may give it in powder or any convenient decoc¬ tion. Hypoglottis , Laurus, Alexandria. Laurel of Alexandria, provokes urine and the menses, and is held to be a singular help to women in travail. Hypog loss urn, the same with Hypoglossum before, only different names given by dif¬ ferent authors, the one deriving his name from the tongue of a horse, of which form the leaf is; the other the form of the little leaf, because small leaves like small tongues grow upon the greater. Ileris Cardamantice. Sciatica-cresses. I suppose so called because they help the Sciatica, or Huckle-bone Gout. Iiguiialis , Asther. Setwort or Shart- wort: being bruised and applied, they help swellings, botches, and venerous swellings in the groin, whence they took their name, (23, 24.) as also inflammation and falling out of the fundament. Iris. See the roots. Isatis , Glastum. Woad. Drying and binding; the side being bathed with it, it easeth pains in the spleen, cleanseth filthy corroding gnawing ulcers. Iva Arihritica. The same with Camcepytis. Iuncus oderatus. The same with Schce- nanthus. Labrum veneris. The same with Dipsacus. Lactuca. Lettice. Cold and moist, cools the inflammation of the stomach, commonly called heart-burning: provokes sleep, resists drunkenness, and takes away the ill effects, of it; cools the blood, quenches thirst, breeds milk, and is good for choleric bodies, and such as have a frenzy, or are frantic. It is more wholesome eaten boiled than raw. Logabus , Herba Leporina. A kind of Trefoil growing in France and Spain. Let them that live there look after the virtues of it. Lavendula. Lavender: Hot and dry in the third degree : the temples and forehead bathed with the juice of it; as also the smell of the herb helps swoonings, catalepsis, falling-sickness, provided it be not accom¬ panied with a fever. See the flowers. Laureola. Laurel. The leaves purge upward and downward : they are good for rheumatic people to chew in their mouths, for they draw forth much water. Laurus. Bay-tree. The leaves are hot and dry, resist drunkenness, they gently bind and help diseases in the bladder, help the stinging of bees and wasps, mitigate the pain of the stomach, dry and heal, open obstructions of the liver and spleen, resist the pestilence. Lappa Minor. The lesser Burdock. Lentiscus. Mastich-tree. Both the leaves and bark of it stop fluxes (being hot and dry in the second degree) spitting and evacuations of blood, and the falling out of the fundament. 3 Q 240 THE COMPLETE HERBAL Lens palustris. Duckmeat: Cold and \ provoke urine; the young sprouts open moist in the second degree, helps inflamina- § stoppings of the liver and spleen, cleanse tions, hoi swellings, and the falling out ofj the blood, clear the skin, help scabs and the fundament, being warmed and applied \ itch, help agues, purge choler: they are to the place. \ usually boiled and taken as they eatasparagus, Lcpidium Piperites. Dittander, Pepper-j but if you would keep them, for they are wort, or Scar-wort: A hot fiery sharp herb, j excellent for these diseases, you may make admirable for the gout being applied to the \ them into a conserve, or into a syrup, place: being only held in the hand, it helps j Lychnitis Coronaria : or as others write it, Lychnis. Rose Campion. I know no great physical virtue it hath. Mads. See the barks. Magistrantia. $c. Masterwort. Hot and dry in the third degree: it is good against poison, pestilence, corrupt and unwhole¬ some air, helps windiness in the stomach, the tooth-ache, and withall leaves a wan | colour in tiie hand that holds it. ! Livisticum. Lovage. Clears the sight, \ takes away redness and freckles from the face. Libanotis Coronaria. See Rosemary. Linaria. Toad-flax, or Wild-flax: hot and dry, cleanses the reins and bladder, j causeth an appetite to one's victuals, very provokes urine, opens the stoppings of the < profitable in falls and bruises, congealed liver and spleen, and helps diseases coining ; and clotted blood, the bitings of mad-dogs; thereof: outwardly it takes away yellow-j the leaves chewed in the mouth, cleanse the ness and deformity of the skin. \ brain of superfluous humours, thereby pre- Lillium convallium. Lilly of the Valley. I venting lethargies, and apoplexes. See the flowers. j Malva. Mallows. The best of Authors Lingua Cervina. Hai t’s-tongue : drying account wild Mallows to be best, and hold binding, stops blood, the menses and i them to be cold and moist in the first degree, they are profitable in the bitings of venom¬ ous beasts, the stinging of bees and wasps, &c. Inwardly they resist poison, provoke to stool; outwardly they I assuage hard swellings of the privities or other places; in clysters they help roughness and fretting of the entrails, bladder, or fundament; and so being and fluxes, opens stoppings of the liver and spleen, and diseases thence arising. The like quantity of Hart's-tongue, Knotgrass and Comfrey Roots, being boiled in water, and a draught of the decoction drunk every morning, and the materials which have boiled applied to the place, is a notable remedy for such as are bursten. \ they do being boiled in water, and the Limordum. Sea-bugloss, or Marsh-bug- ] decoction drank, as I have proved in the loss, or Sea-Lavender; the seeds being very ! bloody flux, drying and binding, slop fluxes and the; Majorana. See Amaraeus. menses, help the cholic and stranguary. Mandragora. Mandrakes. Fit for no Lotus urbana. Authors make some flutter j vulgar use, but only to be used in cooling about this herb, I conceive the best take it \ ointments. to be Trisolium Odoratum , Sweet Trcfoyl, j Marrubium, album , nigrum, foetidurn. which is of a temperate nature, cleanses \ Marrubium album , is common Horehound. the eyes gently of such things as hinder the J Hot in the second degree, and dry in the sight, ’ ‘ " ‘ cures green wounds, ruptures, or * third, opens the liver and spleen, cleanses burstncss, helps such as urine blood or are t the breast and lungs, helps old coughs, biuised, and secures garments from moths. \ pains in the sides, ptisicks, or ulceration of Lupulus. Hops. Opening, cleansing,; the lungs, it provokes the menses, eases AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 241 — rr- r ---—-—_ - — --- ■ ■ ■ — - ■ ■ " — ■■■■ 1 -■ ■ ■ — — m .1 \m» hard labour in child-bearing, brings away j stomach, stay vomiting, stop the menses, the placenta. See the syrups. ! help sore heads in children, strengthen the Marrubinm , nigrum , et fcdidum. Black ! stomach, cause digestion; outwardly ap- and stinking Horehouud, I take to be all j plied, they help the bitings of mad-dogs: one. Hot and dry in the third degree; j Yet they hinder conception, cures the bitings of mad dogs, wastes and! Memba aquatica. Water Mints: Ease consumes hard knots in the fundament and : pains of the belly, head-ache, and vomiting, matrix, cloanses filthy ulcers. | gravel in the kidnies and stone. Marum. Herb Mastich. Hot and dry! Methastrum. Horse-mint. I know no in the third degree, good against cramps j difference between them and water mints, and convulsions. \ Mercurialise mas, fcemina. Mercury male Matricaria. Feverfew. Hot in the third j and female, they are both hot and dry in degree, dry in the second ; opens, purges ; j the second degree, cleansing, digesting, they a singular remedy for diseases incident to j purge watery humours, and further concep- the matrix, and other diseases incident to \ tion. women, eases their travail, and infirmities; Mezereon. Spruge-Olive, or Widdow- coming after it; it helps the vertigo or dis-1 wail. A dangerous-purge, better let alone sinessof the head, melancholy sad thoughts: | than meddled with. you may boil it either alone, or with other! Millefolium. Yarrow. Meanly cold and herbs fit for the same purpose, with which * binding, an healing herb for wounds, this treatise will furnish you: applied to j stanches bleeding ; and some say the juice the wrists, it helps the ague. | snuffed up the nose, causetli it to bleed, Matrisylva. The same with Caprifolium. j whence it was called, Nose-bleed; it Meliotus. Melilot. Inwardly taken, pro- \ stops lasks, and the menses, helps the votes urine, breaks the Stone, cleanses the j running of the reins, helps inflammations reins and bladder, cuttetti and cleanses the j and excoriations of the priapus, as also lungs of tough flegm ; the juice dropped j inflammations of wounds. Galen. into the eyes, clears the sight, into the ears, \ Muscus. Mosse. Is something cold and mitigates pain and noise there ; the head j binding, yet usually retains a smatch of the bathed with the juice mixed with vinegar, | property of the tree it grows on; therefore takes away the pains thereof: outwardly \ that which grows upon oaks is very dry and in pultisses, it assuages swellings in the pri- \ binding. Serapio saith that it being infused vities and elsewhere. : in wine, and the wine drank, it stays vomit- Mellissa. Balm. Hot and dry: out- j ing and fluxes, as also the Fluor Albus. wardly mixed with salt and applied to the Myrtus. Myrtle-tree. The leaves are neck, helps the King’s-evil, bitings of mad of a cold earthly quality, drying and bind- dogs, venomous beasts, and such as cannot! ing, good for fluxes, spitting and vomiting of hold their neck as they should do; inwardly j blood ; stop the Fluor Albus and menses, it is an excellent remedy for a cold and j Nardus. See the root, moist stomach, cheers the heart, refreshes j Nasturtium, Aquaticum, Hortense. Water the mind, takes away griefs, sorrow, and \ cresses, and Garden-cresses. Garden- care, instead of which it produces joy and j cresses are hot and dry in the fourth degree, mirth. See the syrup. Galen, Avicenna. \ good for thes curvy, sciatica, hard swellings, Mentha sativa. Garden Mints, Spear j yet do they trouble the belly^ ease pains of Mints. Are hot and dry in the third degree, j thespleen,provokelust. Dioscorides. Water- provoke hunger, are wholesome for the j cresses are hot and dry, cleanse the blood, 242 THE COMPLETE HERBAL help the scurvy, provoke urine and the j travel four days without either meat or menses, break the stone, help the green-sick-1 drink, by only chewing a little of this in ness, cause a fresh lively colour. their mouths: It eases the body of super- Nasturtimn Album, Thlaspie. Treacle- fluous humours, opens stoppings. See the mustard. Hot and dry in the third degree, ointment of Tobacco. purges violently, dangerous for pregnant j Nummularia. Money-wort, or Herb women. Outwardly it is applied with profit \ Two-pence; cold, dry, binding, helps fluxes, to the gout. | stops the menses, helps ulcers in the lungs; Nicorimi. Tobacco. It is hot and dry \ outwardly it is a special herb for wounds, in the second degree, and of a cleansing \ Nymphea. See the flowers, nature : the leaves warmed and applied to ; Ocynum. Basil, hot and moist. The best the head, are excellently good in inveterate \ use that I know of it, is, it gives speedy head-aches and megrims, if the diseases! deliverance to women in travail. Let them come through cold or wind, change them [ not take above half a dram of it at a time often till the diseases be gone, help such j in powder, and be sure also the birth be whose necks be stiff: it eases the faults of: ripe, else it causes abortion, the breast: Asthma’s or head-flegm in the j Olece folia. Olive leaves: they are hard lappets of the lungs: eases the pains of the : to come by here. stomach and windiness thereof: being heated | Ononis. Restharrow. See the roots, by the fire, and applied hot to the side, they \ Ophioglossum. Adder’s-tongue. The leaves loosen the belly, and kill worms being ap- j are very drying: being boiled in oil they plied unto it in like manner : they break j make a dainty green balsam for green the stone being applied in like manner to j. wounds: taken inwardly, they help inward the region of the bladder : help the rickets, \ wounds. being applied to the belly and sides: applied 1 Origanum. Origany : a kind of wild to the navel, they give present ease to the j Marjoram ; hot and dry in the third degree, fits of the mother: they take away cold j helps the bitings of venomous beasts, such aches in the joints applied to them : boiled, \ as have taken Opium, Hemlock, or Poppy; the liquor absolutely and speedily cures j provokes urine, brings down the menses, scabs and itch: neither is there any better: helps old coughs; in an ointment it helps salve in the world for wounds than may be : scabs and itch. made of it: for it cleanses, fetches out the! Oiylapathum. Sorrel. See Acetosa. filth though it lie in the bones, brings up the j Papaver, $c. Poppies, white, black, or flesh from the bottom, and all this it doth ; erratick. I refer you to the syrups of each, speedily : it cures wounds made with poi- j Parietaria. Given once before under the soned weapons, and for this Clusius brings; name of Helaine. many experiences too tedious here to relate. \ Pastincea. Parsnips. See the roots. It is an admirable thing for carbuncles and \ Persicaria. See Hydropiper. This is the plague-sores, inferior to none: green wounds \ milder sort of Arsmart I described there: ’twill cure in a trice: ulcers and gangreens \ If ever you find it amongst the compounds, very speedily, not only in men, but also in | take it under that notion, beasts, therefore the Indians dedicated it to : PentaphyIlium. Cinquefoil: very drying, their god. Taken in a pipe, it hath almost j yet but meanly hot, if at all; helps ulcers as many virtues ; it easeth weariness, takes j in the mouth, roughness of the wind-pipe away the sense of hunger and thirst, pro- j (whence comes hoarsness and coughs, &c.) vokes to stool: he saith, the Indians will ilielps fluxes, creeping ulcers, and the yellow AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 243 jaundice; they say one leaf cures a quoti- j helps all inward inflammations whatsoever, dian ague, three a tertain, and four a j Porrum. Leeks. See the roots, quartan. I know it will cure agues without j Primula Veris. See Cowslips, or the this curiosity, if a wise man have the hand- \ Flowers, which you will, ling of it; otherwise a cart load will not $ Prunella. Self-heal, Carpenter's-herb, do it. ? and Sicklewort. Moderately hot and dry, Petroselinum. Parsley. See Smallage. j binding. See Bugle, the virtues being the Per Columbians. See Geranium. ; same. Persicarium folia. Peach Leaves: they* Pulegium. Pennyroyal; hot and dry in are a gentle, yet a complete purger of j the third degree; provokes urine, breaks choler, and disease coming from thence;'? the stone in the reins, strengthens women's tit for children because of their gentleness. : backs, provokes the menses, easeth their You may boil them in white wine: a hand- \ labour in child-bed, brings away the pla- full is enough at a time. j centa, stays vomiting, strengthens the brain, Pilosella. Mouse-ear: once before and j breaks wind, and helps the vertigo, this is often enough. ; Pulmonaria , arborea, et Sytnphytufn macu- Pithyusa. A new name for Spurge of: losum. Lung-wort. It helps infirmities of the last Edition. j the lungs, as hoarsness, coughs, wheezing, Plantago. Plantain. Cold and dry; an j shortness of breath, Sc c. You may boil it herb, though common, yet let none des- j in Hyssop-water, or any other water that pise it, for the decoction of it prevails j strengthens the lungs, mightily against tormenting pains and ex- * Pulicaria. Fleabane ; hot and dry in the coriations of the entrails, bloody fluxes, it ? third degree, helps the biting of venomous stops the menses, and spitting of blood, \ beasts, wounds and swellings, the yellow phthisicks, or consumptions of the lungs, 1 jaundice, the falling sickness, and such as the running of the reins, and the Fluor j cannot make water; being burnt, the smoak Albus, pains in the head, and frenzies: out- > of it kills all the gnats and fleas in the wardly it clears the sight, takes away in- \ chamber; it is dangerous for pregnant flammations, scabs, itch, the shingles, and ; women. all spreading sores, and is as wholesome an * Pyrus sylvestris. Wild Pear-tree. I herb as can grow about any an house. \ know no virtue in the leaves. Tragus , Dioscorides. j Pyrola. Winter-green. Cold and dry, Polium , SfC. Polley, or Pellamountain: j and very binding, stops fluxes, and the All the sorts are hot in the second degree, j menses, and is admirably good in green and dry in the third: helps dropsies, the ycl- j wounds. low jaundice, infirmities of the spleen, and \ Qucrcus folia. Oak Leaves : Are much provokes urine. Dioscorides. \ of ihe nature of the former, stay the Fluor Polygonum. Knotgrass. \ Albus. See the bark. Polytricum. Maidenhair. j Ranunculus. Hath got a sort of English Portulaca. Purslain: Cold and moist j Names: Crowfoot, King-kob, Gold-cups, in the second or third degree: cools hot j Gold-knobs, Butter-flowers, See. they are stomachs, and it is admirable for one that | of a notable hot quality, unfit to be taken hath his teeth on edge by eating sour apples, \ inwardly: If you bruise the roots and apply it cools the blood, liver, and is good for hot ? them to a plague-sore, they are notable diseases, or inflammations in any of these t things to draw the venom to them, places, stops fluxes, and the menses, and j Raparum folia. If they do mean Turnip (25,26.) 3 r 244 THE COMPLETE HERBAL ___ _ _______.. —— ■ j» leaves, when they are young and tender, | the boughs stuck about a chamber, wonder- they are held to provoke urine. \ fully co °l the a ^ r » ant ^ ie f ies ^ such as ha\ e Rosmarirum. Rosemary, hot and dry in \ fevers ; the leaves applied to the head, the second degree, binding, stops fluxes, j help hot diseases there, and frenzies, helps stuffings in the head, the yellow jaun-| Sampsucum. Marjoram. .... dice helps the memory, expels wind. Seej Sunicula. Samcle, hot and diy in the the flowers. Serapio, Dioscorides. j second degree, cleanses wounds and ulceis. Rosa solis. See the water. 5 Saponaria. Sope-wort, or Bruise-wort, Rosa alba , rubra , Damascena. White, j vulgarly used in bruises and cut fingers. Red and Damask Roses. j and is of notable use in the veneral disease Rumex. Dock; All the ordinary sort of j Satureia. Savory. Summer savory is Docks are of a cool and drying substance, j hot and dry in the third degree, Winter and therefore stop fluxes; and the leaves j savory is not so hot, both of them expel are seldom used in physic. \mtid. Rubus Idceus: Raspis, Raspberries, on Sazifragia alba. W lute Saxifrage, breaks Hind-berries: I know no great virtues in ; wind, helps the cholic and stone, the leaves. - * * Scabiosa. Scabious: hot and dry in the Ruta, Rue, or Herb of Grace; hot and \ second degree, cleanses the breast and lungs, dry in the third degree, consumes the seed,; helps old rotten coughs, and difficulty of and is an enemy to generation, helps dif-j breathing, provokes urine, and cleanses the ficulty of breathing, and inflammations of j bladder of filthy stuff, breaks aposthumes, the lungs,, pains in the sides, inflammations \ and cures scabs and itch. Boil it in white of the priapus and matrix, naught for preg-; wine. , nant women: no herb resists poison more. \ Scariola. An Italian name for Succory. It strengthens the heart exceedingly, and; Sclumantlius. Schoenanth, Squinanth, no herb better than this in pestilential j or ChameFs hay; hot and binding. It times, take it what manner you will or can. * digests and opens the passages of the veins: Ruta Muraria. See Adianthum. j surely it is as great an expeller of . wind as Sabina . Savin: hot and dry in the third \ any is. degree, potently provokes the menses, ex pels \ Scordium. Water-Germander, hot and both birth and afterbirth, they (boiled in! dry, cleanses ulcers in the inward parts, it oil and used in ointments) stay creeping \ provokes urine and the menses, opens ■ulcers, scour away spots, freckles and sun- j stopping of the liver, spleen, reins, bladder, burning from the face ; the belly anointed j and matrix, it is a great counter poison, and with it kills worms in children. \ eases-the breast oppressed with flegm : see Salvia. Sage: hot and dry in the second \ Diascordium. or third degree, binding, it stays abortion; Scrophularia. Figwort, so called of in such women as are subject to come before! Scrophula n the King’s Evil, which it cures their times, it causes fruitfulness, it is sin -1 they say, by being only hung about the gularly good for the brain, strengthens the \ neck.^ It not, bruise it, and apply it to senses . and memory, helps spitting' and j the place, it helps the piles or hemorrhoids, vomiting of blood: outwardly, heat hotj Sedum. And all his sorts: sec Barba with a little vinegar and applied to the side, j Jovis. helps stitches and pains in the sides. , [ Senna. It heats in the second degree Salix. Willow leaves, are cold, dry, and 1 and dries in the first, cleanses, purges, and binding, stop spitting of blood, and fluxes; | digests ; it carries downward both choler, AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 245 flegm, and melancholy, it cleanses the brain, heart, liver, spleen; it cheers the senses, opens obstructions, takes away dul- ness of sight, helps deafness, helps melan¬ choly and madness, resists resolution of the nerves, pains of the head, scabs, itch, fall¬ ing-sickness, the windiness of it is corrected with a little ginger. You may boil half an ounce of it at a time, in water or white wine, but boil it not too much ; half an ounce is a moderate dose to be boiled for any reasonable body. Serpillum . Mother-of-Time, with Time ; it is hot and dry in the third degree, it pro¬ vokes the menses, and helps the stranguary or stoppage of urine, gripings in the belly, ruptures, convulsions, inflammation of the liver, lethargy, and infirmities of the spleen, boil it in white wine. JEtius, Galen. Simllum Solomonis. Solomon’s seal. Sec O the root. Smyrninm. Alexander of Crete. ' Solatium. Night-shade: very cold and dry, binding; it is somewhat dangerous given inwardly, unless by a skilful hand ; ' outwardly it helps the Shingles, St. Anthony a fire, and other hot inflammations. Solclandla. Bindweed, hot and dry in the second degree, it opens obstructions of the liver, and purges watery humours, and is therefore very profitable in dropsies, it is very hurtful to the stomach, and therefore if taken inwardly it had need be well cor¬ rected with cinnamon, ginger, or annis- seed, &e. Sonchus levis Asper. Sow-thistles smooth and rough, they are of a cold, watery, yet binding quality, good for frenzies, they increase milk in nurses, and cause the chil¬ dren which they nurse to have a good colour, help gnawings of the stomach coming of a hot cause; outwardly they help inflammations, and hot swellings, cool the heat of the fundament and privities. Sophi Chirurgorum. Flux weed : drying without any manifest heat or coldness ; it is i usually fotind about old ruinous buildings; j it is so called because of its virtue in \ stopping fluxes. | Shinachia. Spinage. I never read any i physical virtues of it. Spina Alba. See the root. ; Spica. See Nardus. i Stcebe. Silver Knapweed: The virtues \ be the same with Scabious, and some think I the herbs too; though 1 am of another \ opinion. \ Steechas. French Lavender. Cassidony, i is a great counterpoison, opens obstructions ; of the liver and spleen, cleanses the matrix | and bladder, brings out corrupt humours, 5 provokes urine. ! Succisa, Marsus Diaboli. Devil’s-bit. 1 Hot and dry in the second degree: inwardly I taken, it eases the fits of the mother, and ; breaks wind, takes away swellings in the i mouth, and slimy flegm that stick to the | jaws, neither is there a more present remedy jin the world for those cold swellings in ; the neck which the vulgar call the almonds \ of the ears, than this herb bruised and i applied to them. Suchaha. An Egyptian Thorn. Very j hard, if not impossible to come by here, j. Tcinacetim. , Tansy : hot in the second l degree and dry in the third ; the very smell : of it stays abortion, or miscarriages in : women; so it doth being bruised and ap- \ plied to their navels, provokes urine, and ; is a special help against the gout. Taraxacon , Dandelion, or to write better l French, Dent-de-lion, for in plain English, : it is called lyon’s tooth ; it is a kind of Suc- \ cory, and thither I refer you. Tamariscus. Tamiris. It hath a dry \ cleansing quality, and hath a notable virtue i against the rickets, and infirmities of the \ spleen; provokes the menses. Galen, Dios- I corides. Telephium. A kind of Opine. Thlaspi. See Nasturitum. Thymbra. A wild Savory. 246 THE CO MPLETE HERBAL _ Thiimum Thyme. Hot and dry in the j a digesting, cleansing quality, stops fluxes third degree* helps coughs and shortness of and the hemorrhoids, it cures hoarseness, breath provokes the menses, brings away the cough, and such as are broken winded, dead children and the after birth ; purges} Verbena. Vervain: hot and dry, a great llegm, cleanses the breast and lungs, reins 1 openei, cleansei, healei, it helps the yellow and matrix; helps the sciatica, pains in jjaundice, defects in the reins and bladder, the breast, expels wind in any part of the painsr in the head ; if it be but bruised and body, resists fearfulness and melancholy, hung about the neck, all diseases in the continual pains in the head, and is profita- \ privities; made into an ointment it is a ble for such as have the falling-sickness to 1 sovereign remedy for old head-aches, as smell to. -also frenzies, it clears the skin, and causes Thymcelea. The Greek name for Spurge- j a lovely colour. Olive: Mezereon being the Arabick name. Voronica. See Betmica Pauli. Tithymallus , Esula , Spurge. Hot < T lolaria . lolet Lea\ es . they are cool, and dry in the fourth degree: a dogged | ease pains in the head proceeding of heat purge, better let alone than taken inwardly: | and frenzies, either inwardly taken, or out- hair anointed with the juice of it will fall j wardly applied , heat of the stomach, or m- off: it kills fish, being mixed with any j flammation of the lungs, thing that they will eat: outwardly it I Vitis Viniseria. The manured Vine: the cleanses ulcers, takes away freckles, sun-} leaves are binding and cool withal; the burning and morphew from the face. j burnt ashes of the sticks of a vine, scour Tormentilla. See the root. j the teeth and make them as white as snow; Trinitatis herba. Pansies, or Heart’s- j the leaves stop bleeding, fluxes, heart- ease : They are cold and moist, both herbs j burnings, vomitings ; as also the longings and flowers, excellent against inflammations \ of pregnant women. The coals of a burnt of the breast or lungs, convulsions or fall- j Vine, in powder, mixed with honey, doth ing-sickness, also they are held to be good | make the teeth as white as ivory, which are for venereal complaints. i rubbed with it. Trifolium. Trefoil: dry in the third; Vincitoxicum. Swallow-wort. A pultis degree, and cold : The ordinary Meadow i made with the leaves helps sore breasts, and Trefoil, cleanses the bowels of slimy humours j also soreness of the matrix, that stick to them, being used either in * Virga Pastoris. A third name for Tea- drinks or clysters; outwardly they take \ zles. See Dipsatus. away inflammations. \ Virga Aurea. See Consolida. Tussilago. Colt’s-foot: something cold \ Ulmaria. See the root. Meadsweet. and dry, and therefore good for inflamma- \ Umbslicus Veneris. Navil-wort: Cold, tions, they are admirably good for coughs, j dry, and binding, therefore helps all in- and consumptions of the lungs, shortness \ flammations ; they are very good for kibed of breath, &c. It is often used and with i heels, being bathed with it and a leaf laid good success taken in a tobacco-pipe, being \ over the sore. cut and mixed with a little oil of annis j Urtica. Nettles: an herb so well known, seeds. See the Syrup of Colt’s-foot. \ that you may find them by the feeling in Valeriana. Valerian, or Setwall. See \ the darkest night: they are something hot, the roots. j not very hot; the juice stops bleeding; Verbascum , Thapsus Barbatus. Mullin,; they provoke lust, help difficulty of breath¬ er Higtaper. It is something dry, and of|ing, pleurisies, inflammations of the lungs, AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 247 that troublesome cough that women call the Chincough; they exceedingly break the stone, provoke urine, and help such as cannot hold their necks upright. * Boil them in white Avine. Usnea. Moss; once before. FLOWERS. Borage, and Bugloss flowers strengtnen the brain, and are profitable in fevers. Chamomel flowers, heat and assuage swellings, inflammation of the bowels, dis¬ solve wind, are profitably given in clysters or drink, to such as are troubled with the cholic, or stone. Stachea, opens stoppings in the boAvels, and strengthens the whole body. Saffron powerfully concocts, and sends out whatever humour offends the body, drives back inflammations; applied outward¬ ly, encreases venery, and provokes urine. Clove-Gilliflowen , resist the pestilence, Strengthen the heart, liver, and stomach, and provoke venery. Schamanth (which I touched slightly amongst the herbs) provokes urine potently, provokes the menses, breaks wind, helps such as spit or vomit blood, eases pains ot the stomach, reins, and spleen, helps drop¬ sies, convulsions, and inflammations of the womb. Lavender-flowers, resist all cold afflic¬ tions of the brain, convulsions, falling-sick¬ ness, they strengthen cold stomachs, and open obstructions of the liver, they proAoke urine and the menses, bring forth the birth and placenta. Hops , open stoppings of the bowels, and for that cause beer is better than ale. < Balm-flowers, cheer the heart and vital spirits, strengthen the stomach. Rosemary-flowers, strengthen the brain exceedingly, and resist madness; clear the. sight. (25, 26.) IVmter-Gilliflowers, or Wali-floAvers, help ; inflammation of the Avomb, prov oke the \ menses, and help ulcers in the mouth, j Honeysuckles, provoke urine, ease the i pains of the spleen, and such as can hardly j fetch their breath. \ Mallows, help coughs. Red Roses, cool, bind, strengthen both \ vital and animal virtue, restore such as are | in consumptions, strengthen. There are : so many compositions of them Avhich makes j me more brief in the simples, j Violets , (to Avit, the blue ones,) cool and \ moisten, provoke sleep, loosen the belly, 1 resist fevers, help inflammations, correct ' the heat of eholer, ease the pains in the head, help the roughness of the Avind-pipe, diseases in the throat, inflammations in the breast and sides, plurisies, open stoppings of the liver, and help the yelloAv jaundice. Chicory , (or Succory as the vulgar call it) cools and strengthens the liver, so doth \ Endive. fVatev lilies ease pains of the head com- \ ing of eholer and heat, provoke sleep, cool j inflammations, and the heat in fevers. Pomegranatc-fluwei's, dry and bind, stop \ fluxes, and the menses. Cowslips, strengthen the brain, senses, § and memory, exceedingly, resist all dis- j eases there, as convulsions, falling-sickness, \ palsies, &c. Centaury, purgescholerand grosshumours I helps the yelloAv jaundice, opens obstruc- j tions of the liver, helps pains of the spleen, ! provokes the menses, brings away birth \ and afterbirth. Elder flowers , help dropsies, cleanse the j blood, clear the skin, open stoppings of the j liver and spleen, and diseases arising there- | from. \ Bean-flowers, clear the skin, stop humours j floAving into the eyes Reach-tree flowers, purge eholer gently. Broom-flowers , purge Avater, and are good j in dropsies. 248 THE COMPLETE HERBAL The temperature of all these differ either ve.vy little or not at all from the herbs. The way of using the ffoweis I did for¬ bear, because most of them may, and are usually made into conserves, of which you may take the quantity of a nutmeg in the morning; all of them may be kept dry a year, and boiled with other herbs conducing to the cures they do. FRUITS AND THEIR BUDS. | s K Green Figs , are held to be of ill juice, but j the best is, we are not much troubled with j them in England ; dry figs help coughs,' cleanse the breast, and help infirmities of the 5 lungs, shortness of wind, they loose tliej belly, purge the reins, help inflammations \ of the liver and spleen; outwardly they dis- \ solve swellings. \ Fine-nuts, restore such as are in con- \ sumptions, amend the failings of the lungs, j concoct flegm, and yet are naught for such j as are troubled with the head-ache. j Dates, are binding, stop eating ulcers j being applied to them ; they are very good \ for weak stomachs, for they soon digest, and ; breed good nourishment, they help inflr-i mities of the reins, bladder, and womb. \ Sebestens , cool choler, violent heat of the j stomach, help roughness of the tongue and j wind-pipe, cool the reins and bladder. Raisins of the Sun, help infirmities of the l breast and liver, restore consumptions, j gently cleanse and move to stool. Walnuts , kill worms, resist the pestilenceJ (I mean the green ones, not the dry.) Capets eaten before meals, provoke hun- \ ger. \ Nutmegs , strengthen the brain, stomach,! and liver, provoke urine, ease the pains ofi the spleen, stop looseness, ease pains of the! head, and pains in the joints, strengthen the; body, take away weakness coming of cold,'j and cause a sweet breath. 1 Cloves, help digestion, stop looseness, pro¬ voke lust, and quicken the sight. Pepper, binds, expels wind, helps the cholic, quickens digestion oppressed with cold, heats the stomach. Quinces. See the Compositions. Pears are grateful to the stomach, dry¬ ing, and therefore help fluxes. All plums that are sharp or sour, are binding, the sweet are loosening. Cucumbers , cool the stomach, and are good against ulcers in the bladder. Galls, are exceeding binding, help ulcers in the mouth, wasting of the gums, ease the pains of the teeth, help the falling out of the womb and fundament, make the hair black. Pompions are a cold and moist fruit, of small nourishment, they provoke urine, outwardly applied ; the flesh of them helps inflammations and burnings; applied to the forehead they help inflammations of the eyes. Melons, have few other virtues. Apricots , are very grateful to the stomach, and dry up the humours thereof. Peaches are held to do the like. Cubebs, are hot and dry in the third de¬ gree, they expel wind, and cleanse the stomach of tough and viscous humours, they ease the pains of the spleen, and help cold diseases of the womb, they cleanse the head of flegm and strengthen the brain, they heat the stomach and provoke vencry. Ritter Almonds , are hot in the first degree and dry in the second, they cleanse and cut thick humours, cleanse the lungs; and e-atem every morning, they are held to preserve from drunkenness. Bay-berries, heat, expel wind, mitigate pain; are excellent for cold infirmities of the womb, and dropsies. Cherries, are of different qualities accord¬ ing to their different taste, the sweet are quickest of digestion, but the sour are more pleasing to a hot stomach, and procure appetite to one's meat. AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 219 Medlars, are strengthening to the stomach,; confident a child of three years old, if you binding, and the green are more binding > should give it Raisins of the sun or Cherries, than the rotten, and the dry than the green, j would not ask how it should take them. Olives , cool and bind. } English-currants , cool the stomach, and * - . - - ■ ■ are profitable in acute fevers they quench SEEDS OR GRAINS, thirst, resist vomiting, cool the heat of j choler, provoke appetite, and are good for \ Coriander seed, hot and dry, expels wind, hot complexions. ? but is hurtful to the head ; sends up un- Services , or Chockers are of the nature of \ wholesome vapours to the brain, dangerous Medlars, but something weaker in opera- j for mad people. tion. } Fenugreek seeds, are of a softening, dis- Barberries , quench thirst, cool the heat \ cussing nature, they cease inilammations, of choler, resist the pestilence, stay vomiting \ be they internal or external: bruised and and fluxes, stop the menses, kill worms, \ mixed with vinegar they ease the pains of help spitting of blood, fasten the teeth, and : the spleen : being applied to the sides, strengthen the gums, Strawberries , cool the stomach, liver, and help hardness and swellings of the matrix, being boiled, the decoction helps scabby blood, but are very hurtful for such as have j heads, agues. j Linseed hath the same virtues with Fenu- Winter-Cherries , potently provoke urine, I greek. and break the stone. j Gromwell seed, provokes urine, helps the Cassia-fistula , is temperate in quality, cholic, breaks the stone, and expels wind. gently purgeth choler and flegm, clarifies the blood, resists fevers, cleanses the breast Boil them in white wine ; first. but bruise them and lungs, it cools the reins, and thereby > Lupines , ease the pains of the spleen, resists the breeding of the stone, it provokes \ kill worms and cast them out: outwardly, urine, and therefore is exceeding good for j they cleanse filthy ulcers, and gangrenes, the running of the reins in men, and the?help scabs, itch, and inflammations. Fluor Albus in women. j Dill seed, encreases milk in nurses, expels All the sorts or Myrobalans , purge the ? wind, stays vomitings, provokes urine ; yet Stomach; the Indian Myrobalans, are held jit dulls the sight, and is an enemy to genc- to purge melancholy most especially, the \ ration, other flegm; yet take heed you use them j not in stoppings of the bowels: they are (menses, Smallage seed, provokes urine and the expels wind, resists poison, and cold and dry, they all strengthen the heartseases inward pains, it opens stoppings in brain, and sinews, strengthen the stomach, j any part of the body, yet it is hurtful for relieve the senses, take away tremblings and 1 such as have the falling-sickness, and for heart-qualms. They arc seldom used alone. \ pregnant women. Prunes , are cooling and loosening. ; Pocket seed, ^provokes urine, stirs up lust. Tamarinds , are cold and dry in the second \ encreases seed, kills worms, eases pains of degree, they purge choler, cool the blood, | the spleen. Use all these in like manner, stay vomiting, help the yellow jaundice, j Basil seed: If we may believe Diosco - quench thirst, cool hot stomachs, and hot i rides and Qrescentius , cheers the heart, and livers. \ strengthens a moist stomach, drives away I omit the use of these also as resting * melancholy, and provokes urine. 250 THE COMPLETE HERBAL _ Nettle seed, provokes venery, opens stop- \ The seeds of If ater-cresses, lieat, yet trou- pa^es of the womb, helps inflammations of* ble the stomach and belly ; ease the pains of the sides and lungs ; purgeth the breast: | of the spleen, are very dangerous for boil them (being bruised) in white wine? pregnant women, yet they provoke lust: a l so# j outwardly applied, they help leprosies, scald The seeds of Ammi , or Bishop’s-weed, \ heads, and the falling oft of hair, as also heat and dry, help difficulty of urine, and l carbuncles, and cold ulcers in the joints, the pains of the cholic, the bitings of venom- \ Mustard seed, heats, extenuates, and ous beasts ; they provoke the menses, and \ draws moisture from the brain : the head purge the womb. ' \ being shaved and anointed with Mustard, Annis. seeds, heat and dry, ease pain, ex-1 is a good remedy for the lethargy, it helps pel wind, cause a sweet breath, help the ; filthy ulcers, and hard swellings in the dropsy, resist poison, breed milk, and stop j mouth, it helps old aches coming of cold, the Fluor Albus in women, provoke venery, \ French Barley , is cooling, nourishing, and and ease the head-ache. j breeds milk . Cardamoms, heat, kill worms, cleanse the j Sorrel seeds, potently resist poison, help reins, and provoke urine. I fluxes, and such stomachs as loath their Fennel seed, breaks wind, provokes urine j meat, and the menses, encreases milk in nurses, i Succory seed, cools the heat of the blood. Cummin seed, heat, bind, and dry, stop j extinguishes lust, opens stoppings of the blood, expel wind, ease pain, help the \ liver and bowels, it allays the heat of the bitings of venomous beast: outwardly ap- l body, and produces a good colour, it plied (viz. in PlaisteVs) they are of a dis- \ strengthens the stomach, liver, and reins, cussing nature. $ Poppy seeds, ease pain, provoke sleep. Carrot seeds, are windy, provoke lust ex-j Your best way is to make an emulsion of ceedingly, and encrease seed, provoke urine \ them with barley water, and the menses, cause speedy delivery to 1 Mallow seeds, ease pains in the bladder, women in travail, and bring away the \ Chick-pease, are windy, provoke lust, en- placenta. All these also may be boiled in \ crease milk in nurses, provoke the menses, white wine. j outwardly, they help scabs, itch, and in- Nigefla seeds, boiled in oil, and the fore- | flammations of the testicles, ulcers, &c. nead anointed with it, ease pains in the f White Saxifrage seeds, provoke urine, ex¬ head. take away leprosy, itch, scurf, and 1 pel wind, and break the stone. Boil them help scald heads: Inwardly taken they|in white wine. expel worms, they provoke urine, and the 1 Rue seeds, helps such as cannot hold menses, help difficulty of breathing. | their water. Statesacre, kills lice in the head, I hold it f Lettice seed, cools the blood, restrains not fitting to be given inwardly. i venery. Olibanum mixed with as much Barrow’s l Also Gourds, Citruls, Cucumbers, Melons , Grease (beat the Olibanum first in powder) I Purslain, and Endive seeds, cool the blood, and boiled together, make an ointment \ as also the stomach, spleen, and reins, and which will kill the lice in children’s heads, f allay the heat of fevers. Use them as you and such as are subject to breed them, will | were taught to do poppy-seeds, never breed them. A Medicine cheap,. | JVormseed, expels wind, kills worms, safe, and sure, which breeds no annoyance| Ash-tree Keys , ease pains in the si les, to the brain. 'Ihelp the dropsy, relieve men weary with AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 251 labour, provoke venery, and make the body lean. Piony seeds, help the Ephialtes , or the disease the vulgar call the Mare, as also the fits of the mother, and other such like in¬ firmities of the womb, stop the menses, and help convulsions. Broom seed, potently provoke urine, break the stone. Citron seeds, strengthen the heart, cheer the vital spirit, resist pestilence and poison. TEARS, LIQUORS, AND ROZINS. Laudanum , is of a heating, mollifying nature, it opens the mouth of the veins, stays the hair from falling off, helps pains in the ears, and hardness of the womb. It is used only outwardly in plaisters. Assafoetida . Is commonly used to allay the fits of the mother by smelling to it; they say, inwardly taken, it provokes lust, and expels wind. Benzoin , or Benjamin , makes a good per¬ fume. Satiguis Draconis , cools and binds exceed¬ ingly. Aloes , purges choler and fiegm, and with such deliberation that it is often given to withstand the violence of other purges, it preserves the senses and betters the appre¬ hension, it strengthens the liver, and helps the yellow-jaundice. Yet is naught for such as are troubled with the hemorrhoids, or have agues. I do not like it taken raw. Sec Aloe Rosata, which is nothing but it washed with the juice of roses. Manna , is temperately hot, of a mighty dilative quality, windy, cleanses choler gently, also it cleanses the throat and stomach. A child may take an ounce of it at a lime melted in milk, and the dross strained out, it is good for them when they are scabby. Scamony, or Diagridium , call it by which (25, 26.) % \ name you please, is a desperate purge, hurt- \ ful to the body by reason of its heat, windi- i ness, corroding, or gnawing, and violence | of working. I would advise my countrymen \ to let it alone; it will gnaw their bodies as | fast as doctors gnaw their purses. Opopanax , is of a heating, molilying, $ digesting quality. | Gum Elemi , is exceeding good for frac- | tures of the skull, as also in wounds, and : therefore is put in plaisters for that end. | See Arceus his Liniment, j Tragacanthum , commonly called Gum ! Traganth, and Gum Dragon, helps coughs, {hoarseness, and distillations on the lungs. | Bdellium , heats and softens, helps hard j swellings, ruptures, pains in the sides, hard- \ ness of the sinews. i Galbanum. Hot and dry, discussing; | applied to the womb, it hastens both birth : and after-birth, applied to the navel it stays \ the strangling of the womb, commonly 1 called the fits of the mother, helps pains in \ the sides, and difficulty of breathing, being | applied to it, and the smell of it helps the j vertigo or diziness in the head. ■ Myrh , heats and dries, opens and softens | the womb, provokes the birth and aftcr- \ birth ; inwardly taken, it helps old coughs \ and hoarseness, pains in the sides, kills worms, : and helps a stinking breath, helps the wast- I ing of the gums, fastens the teeth: outwardly | it helps wounds, and fills up ulcers with j flesh. You may take half a dram at a S time. Mastichy strengthens the stomach exceed- ? ingly, helps such as vomit or spit blood, it \ fastens the teeth and strengthens the gums, \ being chewed in the mouth. 1 Frankinsense , and Olibanum , heat and bind, fill up old ulcers with flesh, stop bleed¬ ing, but is extremely bad for mad people. Turpentine , Purges, cleanses the reins, helps the running of them. Styrax Calamitis , helps coughs, and dis¬ tillations upon the lungs, hoarseness, want 3 T 252 THE COMPLETE HERBAL LIVING CREATURES. of voice, hardness of the Avomb, but it is j bad for head-aches. j Ammonicaum , applied to the side, helps * the hardness and pains of the spleen. j Millepedes (so called from the multitude Camphire , eases pains of the head coming j of their feet, though it cannot he supposed they of heat, takes away inflammations, and cools j have a thousand) sows, hog-lice, wood-lice, any place to which it is applied. ^ being bruised and mired with wine, they pro- 5 voice urine, /ze/p the yellow jaundice: outwardly - ----- ^ezpg boiled in oil, /ze/p poms m the ears, a TTTTCFS i drop temg pwf zWo //zezzz. | The flesh of vipers being eaten, clear the That all juices have the same virtues ; sight, help the vices of the nerves, resist poison with the herbs or fruits whereof they are \ exceedingly , neither is there any better remedy made, I suppose few or none will deny under the sun for their bitings than the head therefore I shall only name a few of them, j of the viper that bit you, bruised and applied and that briefly. \ to the place, and the flesh eaten, you need not Sugar is held to be hot in the first degree, 1 eat above a dram at a time, and make it up as strengthens the lungs, takes away the rough- \ you shall be taught in troches of vipers. Neither ness of the throat, succours the reins and j any comparable to the stinging of bees and bladder. \ wasps, '$-c. than the same that sting you, The juice of Citrons cools the blood, \ bruised and applied to the place. strengthens the heart, mitigates the violent j Land Scorpions cure their own stingings ly heat of fevers. \ the same means; the ashes of them (being The juice of Lemons works the same ef- \ burnt) potently provokes urine, and breaks the feet, but not so powerfully. i stone. Juice of Liquorice, strengthens the lungs, ? Earth-worms, are an admirable remedy for helps coughs and colds. THINGS BRED FROM PLANTS. | cut nerves being applied to the place; they pro- | voice urine; sec the oil of them, only let me not \forget one notable thing quoted by Mizaldus, i which is, That the powder of them put into an « hollow tooth, makes it drop out. These have been treated of before , only two i To draw a tooth without pain ,fill an earth- excepted. The first of which is, \ en crucible full of Emmets, Ants, or Eimiires, Agaricus. Agarick : It purges flegm, \ eggs and all, and when you have burned them, choler, and melancholy, from the brain, nerves, \ keep the ashes, with which if you touch a tooth muscles, marrow, (or more, properly brain) ofx it will fall out. the back, it cleanses the breast, lungs, liver, \ Eels, being put into wine or beer, and suffered stomach, spleen, reins, womb, joints; it provokes \ to die in it, he that drinks it will never endure urine, and the menses, kills worms, helps pains \ that sort of liquor again, in the joints, and causes a good colour: it is \ Oysters applied alive to a pestilential swelling, very seldom or never taken alone. See Syrup \ draw the venom to them. *f Roses with Agarick. j Crab-fish, burnt to ashes, and a dram of it Lastly, Vicus Quircinus, or Misleto of the\ taken every morning helps the bitings of mad Oak, helps the falling-sickness being either \ dogs, and all other venomous beasts, taken inwardly, or hung about one’s neck. j Swallows, being eaten, clear the sight, the |ashes of them (being burnt) eaten, preserves AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 253 from drunkenness, helps sore throats being ap- ! ter than Castoriurn, raw, to which I refer plied to them, and inflammations. \ you. Grass-hoppers, being eaten, ease the cholic, \ A Sheep’s or Goat’s bladder being burnt, and pains in the bladder. \ and the ashes given inwardly, helps the Hedge Sparrows, being kept in salt , or dried \ Diabetes, and eaten raw , are an admirable remedy for i A flayed Mouse dried and beaten into the stone. * j powder, and given at a time, helps such as Young Pigeons being eaten , help paws in \ cannot hold their water, or have a Diabetes, the reins, and the disease called Tenesmus. I if you do the like three days together. ; Ivory, or Elephant’s tooth , binds, stops ■ | the Whites , it strengthens the heart and 5 stomach, helps the yellow jaundice, and PARTS OF LIVING CREATURES, j inches women fruitful. AND EXCREMENTS. \ Those small bones which are found in | the fore-feet of an Hare, being beaten into k Tiie brain of Sparrows being eaten, pro- j powder and drank in wine, powerfully pro¬ vokes lust exceedingly. j voke urine. The brain of an Hare being roasted, helps \ Goose grease, and Capons grease, are both trembling, it makes children breed teeth i softening, help gnawing sores, stiffness of easily, their gums being rubbed with it, it:the womb, and mitigate pain, also helps scald heads, and falling oft' of j I am of opinion that the suet of a Goat hair, the head being anointed with it. \ mixed with a little saffron, is as excellent The head of a young Kite, being burnt* an ointment for the gout, especially the to ashes and the quantity of a drachm of it ] gout in the knees, as any is. taken every morning in a little water, is an \ Bears grease stays the falling off of the admirable remedy against the gout. : hair. Crab-eyes break the stone, and open \ For grease helps pains in the ears, stoppings of the bowels. j Elk’s Claws or hoofs are a sovereign remedy The lungs of a For, well dried, (but not j for the falling sickness, though it be but burned) is an admirable strengthener to »worn in a ring, much more bein^ t ken the lungs : see the Lohoch ot Fox lungs, j wardly ; but saith Mizalclus, it must be the The liver of a Duck, stops fluxes, and $ hoof of the right foot behind, strengthens the liver exceedingly. \ Milk is an extreme windy meat; there- The liver of a Frog, being dried and i fore I am of the opinion of Dioscorides, viz. eaten, helps quartan agues, or as the vulgar! that it is not profitable in head-aches; yet call them, third-day agues. | this is for certain, that it is an admirable Castoreum resists poison, the brings of j remedy for inward ulcers in any part of venomous beasts ; it provokes the menses, * the body, or any corrosions, or excoriations, and brings forth birth and after-birth; it i pains in the reins and bladder: but it is expels wind, eases pains and aches, con-j very bad in diseases of the liver, spleen, the vulsions, sighings, lethargies; the smell of: falling-sickness, vertigo, or dissiness in the it allays the fits of the mother; inwardly $ head, fevers and head-aches; Goat's milk given, it helps tremblings, falling-sickness, is held to be better than Cow’s for Hectic and other such ill effects of the brain and; fevers, phthisick, and consumptions, and nerves: A scruple is enough to take at also is Asss also. time, and indeed spirit of Castoriurn is bet- \ Whey, attenuates and cleanses both cho- 254 THE COMPLETE HERBAL ler and melancholy: wonderfully helps melancholy and madness coming of it; opens stoppings of the bowels ; helps such as have the dropsy and are troubled with the stoppings of the spleen, rickets and hypochondriac melancholy: for such dis¬ eases you may make up your physic with whey. Outwardly it cleanses the skin of such deformities as come through choler or melancholy, as scabs, itch, morphew, lepro¬ sies, &c. Honey is of a gallant cleansing quality, exceeding profitable in all inward ulcers in what part of the body soever; it opens the veins, cleanses the reins and bladder. I know no vices belonging to it, but only it is soon converted into choler. Wax, softens, heats, and meanly fills sores with flesh, it suffers not the milk to curdle in women’s breasts ; inwardly it is given (ten grains at a time) against bloody- fluxes. Raw-silk, heats and dries, cheers the heart, drives away sadness, comforts all the spirits, both natural, vital and animal. BELONGING TO THE SEA. Sperma Cedi, is well applied outwardly to eating ulcers, the marks which the small pox leaves behind them; it clears the sight, provokes sweat; inwardly it troubles the stomach and belly, helps bruises, and stretching of the nerves, and therefore is good for women newly delivered. Amber-grease, heats and dries, strengthens the brain and nerves exceedingly, if the infirmity ot them come of cold, resists pes¬ tilence. Sea-sand, a man that hath the dropsy, being set up to the middle in it, it draws out all the water. Red Coral, is cold, dry and binding, stops the immoderate flowing of the menses, bloody-fluxes, the running of the reins, and i the Fluor Albus, helps such as spit blood, jit is an approved remedy for the falling sickness. Also if ten grains of red Coral be given to a child in a little breast-milk so soon as it is born, before it take any other food, it will never have the falling-sickness, \ nor convulsions. The common dose is j from ten grains to thirty. ; Pearls , are a wonderful strengthener to Whe heart, encrease milk in nurses, and [amend it being naught, they restore such \ as are in consumptions ; both they and the j red Coral preserve the body in health, and ; resist fevers. The dose is ten grains or 1 fewer; more, I suppose, because it is dear, : than because it would do harm. Amber, (viz. yellow Amber) heats and : dries, therefore prevails against moist dis- j eases of the head; it helps violent coughs, \ helps consumption of the lungs, spitting of \ blood, the Fluor Albus ; it stops bleeding |at the nose, helps difficulty of urine: You \ may take ten or twenty grains at a time, j The Froth of the Sea, it is hot and dry, ! helps scabs, itch, and leprosy, scald heads, {&c. it cleanses the skin, helps difficulty of \ urine, makes the teeth white, being rubbed | with it, the head being washed with it, it * helps baldness, and trimly decks the head i with hair. METALS, MINERALS, AND STONES. GOLD is temperate in quality, it won- ! derfully strengthens the heart and vital j spirits, which one perceiving, very wittffy \ inserted these verses : j For Gold is cordial; and that’s the reason, Your raking Misers live so long a season. However, this is certain, in cordials, it j resists melancholy, faintings, awoonings, s fevers, falling-sickness, and all such like i infirmities, incident either to the vital or \ animal spirit. AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 2 55 Alum. Heats, binds, and purges; scours j and consumptions, viz. taken inwardly; for filthy ulcers, and fastens loose teeth. {this stone is not used to be worn as a jewel; Brimstone , or flower of brimstone, which ; the powder of it put upon wounds made is brimstone refined, and the better lor i by venomous beasts, draws out the poison, physical uses ; helps coughs and rotten \ Topaz (if Epiphanius spake truth) 1 if you flegm; outwardly in ointments it takes away ; put it into boiling water, it doth so cool it leprosies, scabs, and itch; inwardly it helps ; that you may presently put your hands into yellow jaundice, as also worms in the belly, \ it without harm ; if so, then it cools in- especially being mixed with a little Salt- \ flammations of the body by touching them, petre: it helps lethargies being snuffed up j loadstone; Being applied to the place in the nose. j helps the bitings of venomous beasts, and Litharge , both of gold and silver ; binds ; quickly draws all the poison to it; it is and dries much, fills up ulcers with flesh, j known to be a true one by this; hold and heals them. ) it near to any toad, and she will make Lead is of a cold dry earthly quality, of j proffer to take it away from you if it be an healing nature; applied to the place it j right; else not. Lemnius. helps any inflammation, and dries up* Nephritichus lapis; helps pains in the humours. \ stomach, and is of great force in breaking Bompholix , cools, dries and binds. j and bringing away the stone and gravel. Jacynth , strengthens the heart being Jasper; being worn, stops bleeding, eases either beaten into powder, and taken in¬ wardly, or only worn in a ring the labour in women, stops lust, resists fevers and dropsies. Mathiolus. Sapphire , quickens the senses, helps such $ Atites , or the stone with child, because as are bitten by venomous beasts, ulcers in § being hollow in the middle, it contains the bowels. ; another little stone within it, is found in an Emerald; called a chaste stone because I Eagle's nest, and in many other places; it resists lust: being worn in a ring, it \ this stone being bound to the left arm of helps, or at least mitigates the falling sick- j women with child, stays their miscarriage ness and vertigo; it strengthens the memory,; or abortion, but when the time ot their and stops the unruly passions of men. \ labour comes, remove it from their arm, Ruby (or carbuncle , if there be such a \ and bind it to the inside of their thigh, and stone)restrains lust; resists pestilence; takes j it brings forth the child, and that (almost) away idle and foolish thoughts, makes men j without any pain at all. Dioscorides, Pliny. cheerful. Cardanus. Lapis Lazuli , purges melancholy being Granite. Strengthens the heart, but hurts j taken inwardly; outwardly worn as a jewel, it makes men cheerful, fortunate and rich. And thus I end the stones, the virtues of which if any think incredible, I answer; the brain, causes anger, takes aAvay sleep. Diamond , is reported to make him that \ bears it unfortunate. 1 1 Amethist , being worn, makes men sober j1. I quoted the authors where I had them, and steady, keepsmen from drunkenness and * %. I know nothing to the contrary but why too much sleep, it quickens the wit, is pro- j it may be as possible as the sound of a fitable in huntings and fightings, and repels I trumpet is to incite a man to valour ; or a vapours from the head. ! fiddle to dancing: and if I have added a Bezoar , is a notable restorer of nature, | few simples which the Colledge left out, a great cordial, no Avay hurtful nor danger- t I hope my fault is not much, or at a least • ous, is admirably good in fevers, pestilences, J wise, venial. (2.5, 26.) 3 u 258 THE COMPLETE HERBAL A CATALOGUE OF SIMPLES IX TIIE NEW DISPENSATORY, ROOTS. \ Navew, Spikenard, Celtic ana Indian, Water , * * lilies, Rest-harrow, sharp pointed Dock, College.] Sorrel, Calamus Aromaticus, Peony, male and female. Parsnips, garden and Water-fug , Privet, Garlick, Marsh-mallows, i zn/r/, Cinquefoil, Butter-Bir', Parsley, Hog’s Alcanet, Angelica, Anthora, Smallage, Aron, \ Fennel, Valerian, greater and lesser, Burnet, Birth-wort long and round. Sowbread, Reeds, \ Land and Rater Plantain, Polypodium of the Asarabacca, Virginian Snakeweed, Swall-\ Oak, Solomon s Seal*, Leeks, Pcllitory of Spain, wort. Asparagus, Asphodel, male and female.' Cinquefoil, Turnips,Raddishes,gardenandwitd. Burdocks great and small, Be hen, or BazilJ} Rhapontick, common Rhubarb, Monk’s Rhu- Valerian, white and red. Daisies, Beets, \ barb. Rose Root, Madder Bruscus. Sopewort, white, red, a?id black. Marsh-mallows, Bis- i Sarsaparilla, Satyrion, male and female. White tort,Borrage, Briony, white and black, Bugloss, \ Saxifrage, Squills, Figwort, Scorzonera, Eng - garden and wild. Calamus Aromaticus, Our j lish and Spanish, Virginian Snake weed., Solo- Lady’s thistles, Avens, Coleworts, Centaury the * men’s Seal, Cicers, stinking Gladon, Devil’s bit, less. Onions, Chameleon, white and black. \ Dandelion, Thapsus, Tormentil, Turbith, Colt’s- Celandine, Pilewort. China, Succory, Arti- \foot, V'alerian, greater and lesser. Vervain, chokes. Virginian Snakeroot, Comfry greater > Swallow-wort, Nettles, Zedoary long and round, and lesser. Contra yerva, Costus, sweet and \ Ginger . bitter. Turmerick, wild Cucumbers, Sowbread, 1 Culpeper .] These be the roots the col - Hound’s-tongue. Cypres, long and round. \ lege hath named, and but only named, and Toothwort , white Dittany, Doronicum, Dr a -: in this order I have set them down. It and female, Filipendula or Drop-wort, Fennel, j garden are good for. white Dittany, Galanga, great and small, t But my opinion is, that those herbs, Gentian, Liquorice, Dog-grass, Hermodactih. i roots, plants, mon. . Elder, Spurge roots, Alder, Ash, Pomegranates, | The heart. Cinnamon, Cassia, Lignea, Guajacum, Walnut tree,green Walnuts, Laurel, \ Citron Pills, Walnuts, Lemon pills, Mace. Pay, Lemon , Mace, Pomegranates, Man- j The stomach. Orange pills, Cassia Lig- drake roots, Mezereon , Mulberry tree roots, \ nea, Cinnamon, Citron pills, Lemon pills, Sloe tree roots, Pineuuts, Fistick-nuts, Poplar : Alace, Sassafras. _ tree. Oak, Elder, Sassafras , Cork, Tamerisk, \ The lungs. Cassia Lignea, Cinnamon, Lime tree. Frankincense, Elm, Capt. Winter s j Walnuts. Cinnamon. * ! The liver. Barberry-tree, Bay-tree, Cap- Culpeper.] Of these, Captain Winter’s \ tain Winter’s Cinnamon. Cinnamon, being taken as ordinary spice, \ The spleen. Caper bark. Ash tiee nark, or half a dram taken in the morning in any : Bay tree. (25, 26.) 3 x 260 THE COMPLETE HERBAL The reins and bladder. Bay-tree, Sassa¬ fras. The womb. Cassia Lignea, Cinnamon. Cool the stomach. Pomegranate pills. Purge choler. The bark of Barberry tree. Purge fiegm and water. Elder, Dwarf- Elder, Spurge, Laurel. WOODS. College.] Firr, Wood of Aloes, Rhodium, Brazil, Box, Willow, Cypress, Ebony, Guaja- cum, Juniper, Lentisk, Nephriticum , Rhodium, Rosemary, Sanders, white, yellow , and red, Sassafras, Tamarisk. of these some are hot. Wood of Aloes, Rhodium, Box, Ebony, Guajacum, Neph¬ riticum, Rosemary, Sassafras, Tamarisk. Some cold. As Cypress, Willow, Sanders white, red, and yellow. Rosemary is appropriated to the head, wood of Aloes to the heart and stomach, Rhodium to the bowels and bladder, Nephri- licum totheliver. spleen, reins and bladder, Sassafras to the breast, stomach and bladder, Tamarisk to the spleen, Sanders cools the heart and spirits in fevers. For the particular virtues of each, see that part of the book preceding. FI E R B S. College.] Southernwood male and female. Wormwood, common, Roman, and such as bear fformseed. Sorrel, wood Sorrel, Maiden-hair common, white or wall Rue, black and golden Maudlin, Agremony, Vervain, Mallow, Ladies Mantle, duckweed, Marshmallows, and Pim¬ pernel both male and female, Water Pimpernel, Dill, Angelica, Smallage, Goose-grass, or Cleavers, Columbine, wild Tansie, or Silver Weed , Mac 'wort, Asarabacca, Woodroofe, Arach, Distaff Thistle, Mousear, Costmary, lor Alcost, Burdock greater and lesser, Brook- 1 //we, or water Pimpernel, Beets white, red, and \ black, Betony of the zvood ana' water. Daises \ greater and lesser, Blite, Mercury, Bor rage, l Oak of Jerusalem, Cabbages, Sodonella, Briony j white and black, Bugloss, Bug/esse, Shepherd's \ Pin •se, Ox-eye, Box leaves, Calaminth of the 1 Mountains and Fens, Ground Pine, Wood-bine, \ or Honeysuckles, Lady-smocks, Mary golds, \ Our Lady's Thistle, Carduus Benedictus, j Arens, small Spurge, IJorsc-tail, Coleworts, \ Centaury the less. Knotgrass, Cavil, Ger- | mandcr, Camomle, Chamepytis female Souihem- i wood, Clielene, Pilewort, Chicory, Hemlock, \ garden and sea Scurvy-grass, Fleawort, Com- lfry great, middle, or bugle, least or Daisies , i Sarasens, Confound, Buck-horn , Plantain, \ May weed, (or Margweed, as we in Sussex \ call it) Orpine, Sampeer, Crosewort, Dodder, 5 Blue Bottle great and small. Artichokes, i Hounclstone, Cypress leaves. Dandelion, Dit- | tuny of Treed, Box leaves. Teazles garden and | wild, Dwarff Elder, Viper’s Bugloss, Lluellin, x Smallage, Endive, Elecampane, Horsetail, \ Epithimum, Groundsel, Hedge-mustard , ; Spurge, Agrimony, Maudlin, Eye-bright , 1 Orpine, Fennel, Sampeer, Fillipendula, Indian 1 leaf. Strawberry leaves. Ash tree leaves, Fumi- \tory, Goat's Rue, Lady’s Bed straw. Broom, \ Muscatu, Herb Robert, Doves Foot, Cotton- \weed. Hedge Hyssop, Tree Ivy, Ground Ivy, ; or A lehoof', Elecampane, Pellitory of the wall, | Liver-wort, Cowslips, Rupture-wort, Hawk- | weed, Monk’s Rhubarb, Alexanders, Clary \ garden and wild, Henbane, St. John s-wort, j Horsetongue, or double tongue, Hysop, Sciatica ' cresses, small Sen green, Sharewort, Wood, j Reeds, Seheenanth, Chamepitys, Glasswort, ^ Lett ice, Lagobus , Arch-angel, Burdock great | and small. Lavender, Laurel, Bay leaves, j English and Alexandrian, Duckweed, Dittan- \ dev, or Pepper-wort, Lovage, Privet, Sea bug - l loss. Toad fax, Harts-tongue, sweet Trefoil, \ Wood-sorrel, Hops, Willow-herb, Marjoram, \ common and tree Mallows, Mandrake, Horc- 1 hound white and black. Herb M a stick, Fea - AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENT.Ai?m?^ 9ot. therfew, Woodbine, Melilot, Bawm garden and \g olden Maiden-hair, Wood roof, Bugle, water,Minis,Horse-mints,Mercury,Mezereon,\ Goat's Rue, Hart's-tongue, sweet Trefoil, Yarrow, Devil’s-bit, Moss, sweet Chivil, Mir- j Flixweed, Cinquefoil, Trefoil, Paul's Bet- tle leaves, Garden and water Cresses, Nep, j tony, Lluellin. Tobacco, Money-wort , Water Lilies, Bazil, \ Intemperate and hot in the first degree, arc Olive Leaves, Rest-harrow , Adders Tongue, i Agrimony, Marsh-mallows, Goose-grass or Origanum, sharp-pointed Dock, Poppy, white, 1 Cleavers, Distaff Thistle, Borrage, Bugloss, black, and red, or Erratick, Pellitory of the j or Lady's Thistles, Avens, Cetrach, Chervil, Wall, Cinquefoil, Ars-smart spotted and not\ Chamomel, Eyebright, Cowslips, Melilot, spotted , Peach Leaves, Thoroughwax, Parsley, 1 Bazil, Self-heal. Hart’s Tongue, Valeriak, Mouse-ear, Burnet, \ In the second. Common and Roman small Spurge, Plantain common and narrow ; Wormwood, Maudlin, Lady's Mantle, leaved. Mountain and Cretick Poley, Knot- j Pimpernel male and female, Dill, Smallage, grass. Golden Maidenhair, Poplar leaves and j Mug wort, Costmary, Betony, Oak of Jeru- buds, Leeks, Purslain, Silverzveed, or wild ? salem, Marigold, Cuckooflowers, Carduus Tansy, Horehound white and black. Primroses, \ Benedictus, Centaury the less, Chamepitys, Self-heal, Field Pellitory,or Sneezewort, Penny- | Scurvy-grass, Indian Leaf, Broom, Ale- royal , Fleabanc, Lungwort, Winter-green, S hoof, Alexanders, Double-tongue,orTongue- Oak leaves and buds, Docks, common rue, \ blade, Archangel, or dead Nettles, Bay Wall Rue or white Maidenhair, wild Rue, j Leaves, Marjoram, Horehound, Bawm, Savin, Osier Leaves, Garden Sage the greater j Mercury, Devil’s-bit, Tobacco, Parsley, and lesser, Wild Sage, Elder leaves and buds, \ Poley mountain,,Rosemary, Sage,. Sanicle, Marjoram, Burnet , Sanicle, Sopewort, Savory, l Scabious, Senna, Soldanella, Tansy, Ver- WhiteSaxifrage, Scabious, Chicory, Schomanth, j vain, Perewinkle. Clary, Scordium, Figwort, Houseleek, or\ In the third degree. Southernwood male Sengreenthe greater and lesser, Groundsel,] and female, Brooklime, Angelica, Briony Senna leaves and pods. Mother of Time, Sole- \ white and black, Calami nth, Germander, mans Seal, Alexanders, Nightshade, Soldo- j Sullendine, Pilewort, Fleabane, Dwarf ncla. Sow-thistles , smooth and rough, Flix- j Elder, Epithimun, Bank-cresses, Clary, weed, common Spike, Spinach, Haivthorn, j GlassworI, Lavender, Lovage, Herb Mas- Devil’s-bit, Comfry, Tamarisk leaves. Tansy,] tich. Pea therfew, Mints, Water-cresses, Dandelyon, Mullen or Higcaper, Time, Lime \ Origanum, biting Arsmart, ( ailed in Latin tree leaves. Spurge, Torment'd, common and] Hydropiper, (the college confounds this golden Trefoil, Wood-sorrel, sweet Trefoil, j with Persicaria, or mild Arsmart, which is Colt’s-foot, 'Valerian, Mullen , Vervain , Paul’s j cold (Sneezewort, Pennyroyal, Rue, Savin,^ Bettony, Lluellin, Violets, Tansy, Peremnkles, j summer and winter Savory, Mother of Swallow-wort, golden Rod, Viie l aves. Mead-[Time, Lavender, Spike, Time, Nettles. sweet. Elm leaves. Naval-wort, Nettles, com- j In the fourth degree. Sciatica-cresses, 7 non and Roman, Archangel, or dead Nettles, j Stone-crop, Dittany, or Pepper-wort, gar- white and red. j den-cresses, Leeks, Crowfoot, Rosa Solis, Culpeper. These be the herbs as the j Spurge, college set down to look upon, we will j Herbs cold in the first degree. Sorrel, see ?f we can translate them in another i Wood-sorrel, Arach, Burdock, Shepherd’s- form to the benefit of the body of man. j purse, Pellitory of the wall, Hawk-weed, Herbs temperate in respect of heat, are! Mallows, Yarrow, mild Arsmart, called common Maiden-hair, Wall-rue, black and i Persicaria, Burnet, Coltsfoot, Violets. 5SUO ou t tv rnMPLErTE HERBAL Cold in the second degree. Chick weed, j In the fourth degree. Garden-cresses, wild Tansy, or SilverM r eed, Daisies, Knot- \ wild Rue, Leeks, Onions, Crowfoot, Rosa grass, Succory, Buck-horn, Plantain, Dan-[Solis, Garlic, Spurge, delyon, Endive, Fumitory, Strawberry \ Herbs moist in the first degree. Borrage, leaves, Lettice, Duck-meat, Plantain, Pur- j Bugloss, Marigolds, Pellitory of the wall, slain, Willow leaves, I Mallows, Bazil. In the third degree. Sengreen, or House- \ In the fourth degree. Chickweed, Arach, leek, Nightshade. j Daisies, Lettice, Duckmeat, Purslain, Sow In the fourth degree. Hemlock, Henbane, ? Thistles, Violets, Water-lilies. Maud lakes, Poppies. \ H er b s appropriated to certain parts of the body Herbs dry m the first degree. Agrimony, \ 11 1 r J Marsh-mallows, Cleavers, Burdocks, Shep- ? ^ herds-purse, our Lady's Thistle, Chervil, \ Heat the head. Maudlin, Costmary, Chamomel, Eye-bright, Cowslips, Hawk-j Betony, Carduus Benedictus, Sullendine, weed, Tongue-blade, or double tongue, j Scurvy-grass, Eye-bright, Goat's Rue, Tongue-blade, or double Melilot, mild Arsmart, Self-heal, Senna, Flixweed, Coltsfoot, Perewinkle. Dry in the second degree. Common and Roman Wormwood, Sorrel, Wood-sorrel, Maudlin, Lady's mantle, Pimpernel male and female, Dill, Smallage, wild Tansy, or Silverweed, Mugwort, Distaff Thistle, Costmary, Betony, Bugle, Cuckooflowers Goat's Cowslips, Lavender, Laurel, Lovage, herb Mastich, Feather-few, Melilot, Sneezewort, Penny-royal, Senna, Mother of Time, Vervain, Rosemary. Heat the throat. Archangel white and red, otherwise called dead Nettles, Devil's- bit. Heat the breast. Maiden-hair, white, Carduus Benedictus, Avens, Centaury the? black, common and golden, Distaff'Thistle, less, Chicory, commonly called Succory, \ Time, Betony, Calami nth, Chamomel, Scurvy-grass, Buckhorn, Plantain, Dande-j Fennel, Indian-leaf, Bay leaves, Hyssop, lyon, Endive, Indian Leaf, Strawberry | Bawm, Horehound, Oak of Jerusalem, Ger- leaves, Fumitory, Broom, Alehoof, Alex- [ mander, Melilot, Origanum, Rue, Sabious, anders. Archangel, or Dead Nettles, white! Periwinkles, Nettles. and red, Bay Leaves, Marjoram, Feather- j Heat the heart. Southernwood male and few, Bawm, Mercury, Devii’s-bit, To*bacco, 1 female, Angelica, Wood-roof, Bugloss, Parsley, Burnet, Plantain, Rosemary, Wil- j Carduus Benedictus, Borrage, Goat's Rue, low Leaves, Sage, Santicle, Scabious, Sol-i Senna, Bazil, Rosemary, Elecampane. danella, Vervain. Dry in the third degree. Southernwood Heat the stomach. Wormwood common and Roman, Smallage, Avens, Indian leaf, male and female, Brooklime, Angelica, f Broom, Schenanth, Bay leaves, Bawm, Briony, white and black, Calamint, Ger-j Mints, Parsley, Fennel, Time, Mother of mander, Chamepitys, Selandine, Pilewort, j Time, Sage. Fleabane, Epithinum, Dwarf-Elder, Bank ? Heat the liver. Agrimony, Maudlin, cresses, Clary, Glasswort, Lavender, LovagePimpernel, male and female, Smallage, Horehound, Herb Mastic, Mints, Water- ? Costmary, or Ale cost, our Lady's Thistles, cresses, Origanum, Cinquefoil, hot Arsmart, j Centaury the less, Germander, Chamepytis, Poley mountain, Sneezewort, Penny-royal, j Selandine, Sampier, Fox Gloves, Ash-tree Rue, or herb of Grace, Savin winter and' leaves, Bay leaves, Toad-flax, Hops, Hore- summer Savory, Mothermf Time, Laven-| hound, Water-cresses, Parsley, Poley der. Silk, Tansy, Time, Trefoil. I Mountain, Sage, Scordium, Senna, Mother AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 263 Chamomcl, Alehoofe,' of Time, Soldanella, Asarabacca, Fennel Hyssop, Spikenard. Heat the bowels. Alexanders. Heat the spleen. All the four sorts of Maiden-hair, Agrimony, Smallage, Cen¬ taury the less, Cetrach, Germander, Chame- pitys, Samphire, Fox-glove, Epithimum, Ash-tree, Bay leaves, Toad-flax, Hops, Horeho.und, Parsley, Poley, Mountain Sage, j Scordium, Senna, Mother of Time, Tamarisk, \ Wormwood, Water-cresses, Idart's-tongue. \ Heat the reins and bladder. Agrimony, \ Maudlin, Marsh-mallows, Pimpernel male' and female, Brooklime, Costmary, Bettony, I Chervil, Germander, Chamomel, Samphire, | Broom, Rupture-wort, Clary, Schenanth, j Bay-leaves, Toad-flax, Hops, Melilot, i Water-cresses, Origanum, Pennyroyal, \ Scordium, Vervain, Mother of Time, Rocket,! Spikenard, Saxifrage, Nettles. | Heat the womb. Maudlin, Angelica, \ Mugwort, Costmary, Calaminth, Flea-bane, j May-weed, Ormarg-weed, Dittany of Crete, \ Schenanth, Arch-angel or Dead Nettles, > Melilot, Feather-few, Mints, Devifs-bit, i Origanum, Bazil, Pennyroyal, Savin, \ Sage, Scordium, Tansy, Time, Vervain, \ Periwinkles, Nettles. Heat the joints. Cowslips, Sciatica-cresses, \ hot Arsmart, Garden-cresses, Costmary, j Agrimony, Chamomel, Saint John's-wort, \ Melilot, Water-cresses, Rosemary, Rue, j Sage Stechas. Herbs cooling the head. Wood-sorrel, j Teazles, Lettice, Plantain, Willow-leaves, j Sengreen or Houseleek, Strawberry-leaves, j Violet-leaves, Fumitory, Water Lilies. Cool the throat. Orpine, Strawberry j leaves, Privet, Bramble leaves. 1 Breast. Mulberry leaves, Bramble j leaves, Violet leaves, Strawberry leaves, j Sorrel, Wood-sorrel, Poppies, Orpine,} Moneywort, Plantain, Colt’s-foot. i Heart. Sorrel, Wood sorrel, Viper's \ Strawberry leaves, and Water-Lilies. Stomach. Sorrel, Wood sorrel, Succory, Orpine, Dandelyon, Endive, Strawberry leaves, Hawkweed, Lettice, Purslain, Sow Thistles, Violet leaves. Liver. Sorrel, Woodsorrel, Dandelyon, Endive, Succory, Strawberry leaves, Fumi¬ tory, Liverwort, Lettice, Purslain, Night¬ shade, Water Lilies. Bowels. Fumitory, Mallows, Buckthorn, Plantain, Orpine, Plantain, Burnet. Spleen. Fumitory, Endive, Succory, Lettice. Reins and bladder. Knotgrass, Mallows, Yarrow, Moneywort, Plantain, Endive, Succory, Lettice, Purslain, Water Lilies, Houseleek or Sengreen. The womb. Wild Tansy, Arrach, Bur¬ docks, Willow herb, Mirtle leaves, Money¬ wort, Purslain, Sow Thistles, Endive, Succory, Lettice, Water Lilies, Sengreen. The joints. Willow leaves, Vine leaves, Lettice, Henbane, Nightshade, Sengreen or Houseleek. Herbs altering according to property , in ope¬ ration , some bind , as Bugloss, Lettice, Burnet, Violet leaves (27, 28.) Amomus, Agnus Castus, Shepherd's purse, Cypress, Horsetail, Ivjq Bay leaves, Melilot, Bawm, Mir ties, Sorrel, Plantain, Knot-grass, Comfry, Cinquefoil, Flea wort, Purslain, Oak leaves, Willow leaves, Sen¬ green or Houseleek, See. Open , as, Garlick, Onions, Wormwood, Mallows, Marsh-mallows, Pellitory of the Wall, Endive, Succory, Sec. Soften. Mallows, Marsh-mallows, Beets, Pellitory of the Wall, Violet leaves, Straw¬ berry leaves, Arrach, Cypress leaves, Bay leaves, Fleawort, &c. Harden. Purslain, Nightshade, House¬ leek or Sengreen, Duckmeat, and most other herbs that are very cold. Extenuate. Mugwort, Chamomel, Hysop, Pennyroyal, Stoechas, Time, Mother ofTime, Juniper, Sec. 3 Y 2C4 THE COMPLETE HERBAL Discuss. Southernwood male and female, * St. John's Wort, Marjoram, Horehound, all the four sorts of Maidenhair, Marsh- iBawin, Water-cresses, Origanum, Bazil, mallows, Dill, Mallows, Arrach, Beets, j Pennyroyal,Polejmountain, Parsley, Small- Chamomel, Mints, Melilot, Pelitory of the j age, Rue, Rosemary, Sage, Savin, Hart wort, Wall,duckweed, Rue, Stoechas, Marjoram. jTime, Molher of Time, Scordium, Nettles. Draw. Pimpernel, Birthworl, Dittany, j Stop the terms. Shepherd's purse, Straw- Leeks, Onions, Garlick, and also lake this j berries, Mirtles, Water Lilies, Plantain, general rule, as all cold things bind and $ Houseleek or Sengreen, Comfry, Knotgrass, harden, so all things very hot are drying. 5 Resist poison. Southernwood, Worm- Suppure. Mallows, Marsh-mallows, White \ wood, Garlick, all sorts of Maiden hair, Lily leaves, &c. j Smallage, Bettony, Carduus Benedictus, Cleanse. Pimpernel, Southernwood, \ Germander, Calaminth, Alexanders, Car- Sparagus, Cetrach, Arrach, Wormwood, Hine Thistle, Agrimony, Fennel, Juniper, Beet, Pellitory of the Wall, Chamepitis,q Horehound, Origanum, Pennyroyal, Poley- Dodder, Liverwort, Horehound, Willow j mountain, Rue, Scordium, Plantain, leaves, See. ? Discuss swellings. Maiden-hair, Cleavers, Glutinate. Marsh-mallows, Pimpernel, 1 or Goosegrass, Mallows, Marsh-mallows, Centaury,Chamepitis,Mallows,Germander, | Docks, Bawm, Water-cresses, Cinquefoil, Horsetail, Agrimony, Maudlin, Strawberry ? Scordium, &c. leaves, Woad-chervil, Plantain, Cinquefoil, ! Ease pain. Dil, Wormwood, Arach, Comfry, Bugle, Self-heal, Woundwort, j Chamomel, Calaminth, Chamepitis, IJen- Tormentil, Rupture-wort, Knot-grass, ; bane, Hops, Hog’s Fennel, Parsley, Rose- I nbnnnA y . "TV TV /T ' TV ■ 1 w ■ 1 ‘ | mary, Rue, Marjoram, Mother of Time. Herbs Purging. Tobacco. Expel wind. Wormwood, Garlick, Dill, Smallage, Chamomel, Epithimum, Fennel, < Juniper, Marjoram, Origanum, Savory both | Choler. Groundsel, Hops, Peach leaves, winter and summer. Tansy isgood tocleanse \ Wormwood, Centaury, Mallows, Senna, the stomach and bowels of rough viscous j Melancholy. Ox-eye, Epithimum, Fumi- flegm, and humours that stick to them, \ tory, Senna, Dodder, which the flegmatic constitution of the { Flegm and water. Briony, white and winter usually infects the body of man with, \ black, Spurge, both work most violently and occasions gouts and other diseases of land are not fit for a vulgar use, Dwarf like nature and lasting long. This was the! Elder, Hedge Hyssop, Laurel leaves, Mer- original of that custom to eat Tansys in the! cury, Mezereon also purges violently, and spring ; the herb may be made into a con- j so doth Sneezewort, Elder leaves, Senna, serve with sugar, or boil it in wine and drink j For the particular operations of these, as the decoction, or make the juice into a syrup j also how to order the body after purges, the with sugar, which you will. \ quantity to be taken at a time, you have and shall quantity to be taken at a time. Herbs breed seed. Clary, Rocket, and \ been in part instructed already, most herbs that are hot and moist, and $ be more fully hereafter. breed wind Provoke the terms. Southernwood, Gar- j lick, all the sorts of Maiden hair, Mugwort, j Wormwood, Bishops-weed, Cabbages, Bet- \ tony, Centaury, Chamomel, Calaminth, j FLOWERS. - ■ - : —, — .College.] Wormwood , Agnus Castas , Germander, Dodder, Dittany, Fennel,* Amaranthus, Dill , Rosemary , Columbines, AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 265 % Orrejiges, Balaustins, or Pomegranate Flowers, \ Epithimum, Winter-gilliflowers, or Wall- Bettony, Bor rage, Bugloss , Marigolds, Wood- j flowers, Woodbine, or Honey-suckles. bine or Honey-suckles, Clove Gillijlowers, Cen-\ Cold in the first degree. Mallows, Roses, taury the less , Chamomel, Winter Gillijlowers, j red, white, and damask Violets. In the second. Anemora, or Wind-flower, Endive, Succory, Water-lilies, both white Balaustins, or Pomegranate Succory, Comfiry the greater, Saffron, Blue bottle great and small , (Synosbatus, Tragus, and Dedoneeus hold our white thorn to be it ,! and yellow. Cordus and Marcelus think it to be Bryars, i In the third . Lugdunensis takes it for the sweet Bryar , 1 flowers. but what our College takes it for, I know not) \ In the fourth. Henbane, and all the sorts Cytinus, (Dioscorides calls the flowers of the j of Poppies, only whereas authors say, field Manured Pomegranates , Cytinus, but Plinj' j Poppies, which some call red, others erratick calls the flowers of the wild kind by that name,) \ and corn Roses, are the coldest of all the Fox-glove , Viper’s Bugloss, Rocket, Bye- \ others ; yet my opinion is, that they are bright , Beans, Fumitory , Broom , Cowslips , x not cold in the fourth degree. St. Johns Wort , Hysop, Jessamine or Shrub , i Moist in the first degree. Borrage, Bug- Trefoil , Archangel, or Dead Nettles white \ loss, Mallows, Succory, Endive. and red. Lavender, Wall-flowers , or Winter -j In the second. Water-lilies, Violets. Gillijlowers, Privet, Lilies white, and of the \ Dry in the first degree. Ox-eye, Saffron, valleii, Hops, Common and tree Mallows , * Chamomel, Melilot, Roses. Feather-few, Woodbine, or Honeysuckles, \ In the second. Wind-flower, Amorous, Melilot , Bawrn, Walnuts , Water-Lilies white j Clove-gilliflowers, Rocket, Lavender, Hops, and yellow , Origanum, Poppies white and red, x Peony, Rosemary, Spikenard. or Erraiicks, Poppies, or corn Roses, so called j In the third. Woodbine, or Honey- because they grow amongst Corn , Peony, x suckles, Balaustines, Epithimum, German- Honey-suckles, or Woodbine, Peach-flowers , j der, Chamepitis. Primroses , Self-heal, Sloebush , Rosemary | The temperature of any other flowers not flowers , Roses, white, damask and red , Sage , \ here mentioned are of the same temperature Elder , white Saxifrage , Scabious, Sitigo , (I ; with the herbs, you may gain skill by think they mean wheat by it , Authors are not j searching there for them, you can loose agreed about it) Steches , Tamarisk , Tansy, $ none. Mullen or Higtaper. Limetree, Clove Gilli-\ p , , , f ,, , then are amrovriated flowers Colt’s-f'oot Violets Annus Castas.» 101 tne ' lS e \ ™ a e Dead Nettles white and red. \ Culpeper j That these may be a little ^ The head; as , Rosemary flowers, Self- explained for the public good : be pleased \ heal, Chamomel, Bettony, Cowslips, Laven- to take notice. ; der, Melilot, Peony, Sage, Stoechas. Some are hot in the first degree, as Borrage, \ The breast. Bettony, Bawm, Scabious, Bugloss, Bettony, Ox-eye, Melilot, Cha- j Schoenanth. momel, Stoechas. \ The heart. Bawm, Rosemary flowers, Hot in the second degree. Amomus, Saf- \ Borrage, Bugloss, Saffron, Spikenard, fron, Clove-gilliflowers, Rocket, Bawm, j The stomach. Rosemary-flowers, Spike- Spikenard, Hops, Schenanth, Lavender, j nard, Schoenanth. Jasmine, Rosemary. j The liver. Centaury, Schaenanth, Elder, In the third degree. Agnus Castus, | Bettony, Chamomel, Spikenard. 266 THE COMPLETE HERBAL ► r The spleen. Bettony, Wall-flowers. The reins and bladder. Bettony, Marsh mallows, Melilot, Schoenanth, Spikenard. The womb. Bettony, Squinanth or Sche- nanth, Sage, Orris or Flower-de-luce. The joints. Rosemary-flowers, Cowslips, Chamomel, Melilot. Flowers , as they are cooling , so they cool The head. Violets, Roses, the three sorts of Poppies, and Water-lilies. The breast and heart. Violets, Red Roses, Water-lilies. The stomach. Red Roses, Violets. The liver and spleen. Endive, and Succory. Violets, Borrage, and Bugloss, moisten the heart, Rosemary-flowers, Bawm and Bettony, dry it. According to property , so they bind. Balaustins, Saffron, Succory, Endive, red-roses, Melilot, Bawm ,Clove-gilliflowers, Agnus Castus. Discuss. Dill, Chamomel,Marsh-mallows, Mallows, Melilot, Stoechas, &c. Cleanse. Damask-roses, Elder flowers, Bean flowers, See. Extenuate. Orris, or Flower-de-luce, Chamomel, Melilot, Stoechas, &c. Mollify. Saffron, white Lilies,^ Mallows, Marsh-mallows, &c. Suppure. Saffron, white Lilies, &c. Glutinate. Balaustines, Centaury, Sec. Provoke the terms. Bettony, Centaury, Chamomel, Schoenanth, W all-flowers, Bawm Peony, Rosemary, Sage. Stop the terms. Balaustines, or Pome¬ granate flowers, Water Lilies. Expel wind. Dill, Chamomel, Schoenanth, Spikenard. Help burnings. White Lilies, Mallows, Marsh-mallows. Resist poison. Bettony, Centaury. Ease pain. Dill, Chamomel, Centaury, Melilot, Rosemary. Flowers purge choler. Peach flowers 4 Damask Roses, Violets. Flegm. Broom flowers, Elder flowers. If you compare but the quality of the flowers with the herbs, and with the expla¬ nation of these terms at the latter end, you may easily find the temperature and pro¬ perty of the rest. The flowers of Ox-eye being boiled into a poultice with a little barley meal, takeaway swellings and hardness of the flesh, being applied warm to the place. Chamomel flowers heat, discuss, loosen and rarify, boiled in Clysters, they are ex¬ cellent in the wind cholic, boiled in wine, and the decoction drunk, purges the reins, break the stone, opens the pores, cast out choleric humours, succours the heart, and eases pains and aches, or stiffness coming by travelling. The flowers of Rocket used outwardly, discuss swellings, and dissolve hard tumors, you may boil them into a poultice, but in¬ wardly taken they send but unwholesome vapours up to the head. Hops open obstructions of the bowels, liver, and spleen, they cleanse, the body of choler and flegm, provoke urine. Jasmine flowers boiled in oil, and the grieved place bathed with it, takes away cramps and stitches in the sides. The flowers of Woodbine, or Honey¬ suckles, being dryed and beaten into pow¬ der, and a dram taken in white wine in the morning, helps the rickets, difficulty of breathing; provoke urine, and help the stranguary. The flowers of Mallows being bruised and boiled in honey (two ounces of the flowers is sufficient for a pound of honey ; and having first clarified the honey before you put them in) then strained out; this honey taken with a liquorice stick, is an excellent remedy for Coughs, Asthmas, and ’ con¬ sumptions of the lungs. AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 267 F R U I T S. | Capers, Nutmegs, dry Walnuts, dry Hazel { Nuts, Fistick Nuts. In the third degree . Juniper Berries, | Cloves, Carpobalsamum, Cubebs, Anacar- College.] Winter-cherries , Love Apples, j dium, bitter Almonds. Almonds sweet and hitter, Anacardia, Oranges, * Jw the fourth degree. Pepper, white, black Hazel Nuts , Me oz/y iVzz/ Bezz, Barberries, j and long, Guinny Pepper. Capers, Guinny Pepper, Figs, Carpobalsamum, j Co/d m the first degree. The flesh of Cloves, Cassia Fistula, Chestnuts, Cherries l Citrons, Quinces, Pears, Prunes, &c. 6 /ocA' and red, Cicers, white, black and red, $ J/z the second. Gourds, Cucumbers, Pome Citrons, Coculus Indi, Colocyntliis, Czzr- * Melons, Pompions, Oranges, Lemons, z-ezds, Cornels or Cornelian Cherries, Cubebs, j Citrons, Pomegranates, viz. the juice of Cucumbers garden and wild, Gourds, Cynos- j them, Peaches, Prunes, Galls, Apples. batus. Cypress, Cones, Quinces, Dates, Dwarf- 1 In the third. Mandrakes. Elder, Green Figs, Strawberries, common and ; In the fourth. Stramonium. Turkey Galls, Acorns, Acorn Cups, Pome- \ Moist in the first degree. The flesh of granates, Gooseberries, Ivy, Herb True-Love, j Citrons, Lemons, Oranges, viz. the inner Walnuts, Jujubes, Juniper berries, Bayberries, j rhind which is white, the outer rlhnd is hot. Lemons, Oranges, Citrons, Quinces, Pome- 5 In the second. Gourds, Melons, Peaches, granates , Lemons, Mandrakes , Peaches , i Prunes, &c. Stramonium, Apples, garden and wild, or \ Dry in the first degree. Juniper Berries. Crabs and Apples, Musk Melons, Medlars \ In the second. The Nut Ben, Capers, Midberries , Myrobalans , Bellericks, Chebs, j Pears, Fistick Nuts, Pine Nuts, Quinces, Emblicks, Citron and Indian, Mir tie. Berries,} Nutmegs, Bay berries. water Nuts, Hazel Nuts, Chestnuts, Cypress $ In the third. Cloves, Galls, &c. Nuts, Walnuts, Nutmegs, Fistick Nuts,\ In the fourth. All sorts of pepper. Vomiting Nuts, Olives pickled in brine, Heads'. , ■ 4 1 4 4 i i > r nr A z ° , / / 7 n ■ tj • i) i l As appropriated to the body of Man, so they of white and black Poppies, Pompions, Peaches ,: 1 , ; , -f J y French or Kidney Beans, Pine, Cones, white \ black, and long Pepper, Fistick Nuts, Apples \ Anacardia, Cubebs, Nutmegs. and Crabs, Prunes, French and Damask, Sloes, j The breast. Bitter Almonds, Dates, Pears, English Currants, Berries of Purging : Cubebs, Hazel Nuts, Pine Nuts, Figs, Thorn , black Berries, Raspberries, Elder \ Raisins of the sun, Jujubes. berries, Sebastens, Services, or Checkers, Haw-l The heart. Walnuts, Nutmegs, Juniper thorn berries. Pine Nuts, Water Nuts, Grapes, \ berries. Gooseberries, Raisins, Currants. 5 The stomach. Sweet Almonds, Cloves, Culpeper!) That you may reap benefit i Ben, Juniper berries, Nutmegs, Pine Nuts, T,v these, be pleased to consider, that they $ Olives. Raisins Nuts, of i The spleen. Capers. The reins and bladder. Bitter Almonds, are some of them Temperate in respect of heat. the sun, Currants, Figs, Pine Nuts, Dates, j Juniper Berries,Cubebs, Pine Nuts, Raisins Sebastens. j of the sun. Hot in the first degree. Sweet Almonds, i The womb. Walnuts, Nutmegs, Bay- Jujubes, Cypress Nuts, green Hazel Nuts, j berries, Juniper berries, o-reen Walnuts. j Cool the breast. Sebastens, Prunes, Hot in the second degree. The Nut Ben, j Oranges, Lemons. (27,28.) ' 3 y 268 THE COMPLETE HERBAL The heart. Oranges, Lemons, Citrons, \ Myrobalans of ail sorts, especially Chebs, Pomegranates, Quinces, Pears. i Bellericks and Emblicks, purge degm very Thestomach. Quinces,Citruls, Cucumbers, | gently, and without danger. Gourds, Musk Melons, Pompions, Cherries, 1 Of all these give me leave to commend Gooseberries, Cornelian Cherries, Lemons, j only one to you as of special concernment. Apples, Medlars, Oranges, Pears, English j which is Juniper berries. Currants, Cervices or Checkers. j The liver. Those that cool the stomach l and Barberries. \ The reins and womb. Those that cool the \ SEEDS. College.] Sorrel, Agnus Castus, Marsh - 1 mallows , Bishop's weed true and common , stomach, and Strawberries. By their several operations, some j Amomus, Dill, Angellic.a, Annis, Rose-seed , Bind As the berries of Mirtles R,, \Smaltage, Columbines, Sparagta, Arach, “•■"S’ ?*“■• #**!*• cups, Medlars, Checkers or Cervices, Pome- T , > nn ■ t c m r * c _ nr d t> i \ our Lady s 7 histles. Bastard, Saffron, Ccrra- granates, JN utmegs, Olives, Pears, Peaches.J c w* ® „ n * I, ,i t F. r , | ?£,’«?/, Spurge greater and lesser , C oteworts, Discuss. Capers, all the sorts of Pepper, j ^ •• 5 7 /Y/ , / Sweet and bitter Almonds j ° Mmu ’ £?> herrystm‘2' fiZ,’, Bayberries, Juniper berries. ^ cc0 ^’ Hemlock, Girons, Cilruls Garden Glutinate. Acorns, A corn Cups, Dates, Coocynthis,Conander Samphire, Raisins of the sun. Currants. I Clumbers garden and mid Gourds, Quinces rt x> i T i ' Cummin, Lynosbatus, Date-stones, Carrots riefl, tmel' l™ 1 **' * English., and cretishl Dwarf-Ekin', Endive, Rrerd ZT’ r„- f ?. Pepp6r ' i Rocketjiedgc Mustard, Orobus, Beans, Fennel, Almonds, Pine Nuts Pies &c Fenugreek, Ash-tree keys. Fumitory, Brooms, Provoke urine Win J Cherries ! Graim °f Paradise ’ Pomegranates, wild Rue, rZnll hTLA T u 1 r . Alexanders, Barley, white Henbane, St. John’s Drovoke the terms, ivy berries, Capers,&c. M/ . T f • .7 ^ r Stop the terms. Barberries, &c. j Wort, Hyssop, Lettice, Sharp-pomted-Hock, nni'cmi i_• T . , ; Spurge, Laurel, Lentils, Lovage, Lemons, Resist poison. Bay berries, Juniper ber-s j ,| ’ , Linseed or Flaxweed Grom- l-ies, Walnuts, Citrons, commonly called t ' n f ir' ,, l g Pome Citrons, all the sorts of Pepper. 1 wdl ’ T’ Ease pain. Bay berries, Juniper berries, ^ Maiyoram.Mallows, Mandrakes, Melons, Ivy berries, Figs, Walnuts, Raisins, Cur- \Medlar>,Mezereon, Gromwell, sweet Havew rants, all the sorts of Penner. ! Nigella, the kernels of Cherries, Apricots, and ^ * j Peaches, Bazil, Orobus, Rice, Panicle, Poppies Fruits pur gin o-. \ white and black, Parsnips garden and wild, j Thorough Wax, Parsley, English and Ma.ce- Choler. Cassia Fistula, Citron Myro- j donian, Burnet, Pease, Plantain, Peony, Leeks, balans, Prunes, Tamarinds, Raisins. : Purslain , Fleawort, Turnips, Radishes , Sumach Melancholy. Indian Myrobalans. \ Spurge, Roses , Rue, garden and wild, Worm- Fleg-m. Colocynthis and wild Cucumbers j seed, Saxifrage, Succory, Sesami, Llartwort, purge violently, and therefore not rashly to \ common and cretish, Mustard-seed, Alexanders, be meddled withal: I desire my book should j Nightshade, Steves Ager , Sumach, Treacle, be beneficial, not hurtful to the vulgar, but t Mustard, sweet Trefoil, Wheat, both the fine AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 269 flour and the bran, and that which starch is \ The stomach. Annis, Bishop's weed, made of, l etches or Tares , Violets , Nettles, j Amomus, Smallage, Cummin, Cardamoms, common and Homan, the stones of Grapes, Greek Wheat, or Spelt Wheat. Cubebs, Grains of Paradise. The liver. Annis, Fennel, Bishop's weed. Culpeper .] That you may receive a little \ Amomus, Smallage, Sparagus, Cummin, more benefit by these, than the bare reading! Caraway, Carrots. of them, which doth at the most but tell; The spleen. Annis, you what they are ; the following method \ cresses, may instruct you what they are good for. Seeds are hot in the first degree. Linseed, Fenugreek, Coriander, Rice, Gromwell, Lupi nes. In the second. Dill, Smallage, Orobus Rocket, Bazil, Nettles. Caraway, Water- s. j The reins and bladder. Cicers, Rocket, i Saxifrage, Nettles, Cromwell, i The womb. Peony, Rue. The joints. Water-cresses, Rue, Mustard- seed. Cool the head. ; Poppies. Lettice, Purslain, white In the third. Bishop's Weed, Annis, i The breast. White Poppies, Violets. Amomus, Carraway, Fennel, (and so 1 1 The heart. Orange, Lemon, Citron believe Smallage too, let authors say what \ and Sorrel seeds. they will, for it the herb of Smallage be! Lastly, thefourgreaterand four lesser cold somewhat hotter than Parsley ; I know \ seeds, which you may find in the beginning little reason why the seed should not be so j of the compositions, as also the seed of white hot) Cardamoms, Parsley, Cummin,Carrots, \ and black Poppies cool the liver and spleen, Nigella, Navew, Plartwort, Staves Ager. \ reins and bladder, womb and joints. In the fourth. Water-cresses, Mustard-j A , seec j i According to operation some seeds * Cold in the first degree. Barley, &c. j Bind, as Rose-seeds, Barberries, Shep- In the second. Endive, Lettice, Purslain,! herd's purse, Purslain, &c. Succory, Gourds, Cucumbers, Melons,! Discuss. Dill, Carrots, Linseeds, Fenu- Citruls, Pompions, Sorrel, Nightshade. ; greek, Nigella, &c. In the third. Flenbane, Hemlock, Pop-! Cleanse. Beans, Orobus, Barley, Lupines, pies white and black. i Nettles, &c. Moist in the first degree. Mallows, &c. j Mollify. Linseed, or Flax seed, Fenu- Dry in the first degree. Beans, Fennel, i greek seed, Mallows, Nigella. Fenugreek, Barley, Wheat, &c. ! Harden. Purslain seed, See. In the second. Orobus, Lentils, Rice, j Suppure. Linseed, Fenugreek seed, Dar- Poppies, Nightshade, and the like. ; nel, Barley husked, commonly called French In the third. Dill, Smallages, Bishop’s ! Barley. Weed, Annis, Caraway, Cummin, Cori- \ Glutinate. Orobus, Lupines, Darnel, &c, ander, Nigella, Gromwell, Parsley. ; Expel wind. Annis, Dill, Smallage, A . . , . , 7 i j r , j7 i Caraway, Cummin,Carrots, Fennel, Niaella, Appropriated to the body of man, and so they j p ars]ey ; Hartworr, Wormseed. Heat the head. Fennel, Marjoram, Peony, j Breed seed. Rocket, Beans, Cicers, Ash- Scc. \ tree keys. The breast. Nettles. ! Provoke the menses. The heart. seed, Sec. Nettles. Bazil, Rue, Sec. Amomus, Sparagus, Mustard j Annis, Fennel, Bishop's weed, Cicers, Car- : rots, Smallage, Parsley, Lovage, Hartwort, I 270 THE COMPLETE HERBAL Break the done. Mallows, Marsh-mal¬ lows, Grom well, See. Stop the terms. Rose seeds, Cummin, Burdock, &c. Resist poison. Bishop’s weed, Annis, Smallage, Cardamoms, Oranges, Lemons, Citrons, Fennel, Sec. Ease pain. Dill, Amomus, Cardamoms, Cummin, Carrots, Orobus, Fenugreek, Lin¬ seed, Grom well, Parsley, Panick. Assuage swellings. Linseed, Fenugreek seeds, Marsh-mallows, Mallows, Corian¬ der, Barley, Lupines, Darnel, &c. The College tells you a tale that there are such things in Rerum Natura, as these, 1 Gums, Rozins, Balsams, and Juices made thick, viz. College.] Juices of Wormwood and Maud- ; tin, Acacia, Aloes, Lees of Oil, Assa-fcetida , i Balsam of Peru and India; Bdellium, Ben- I zoin, Camphire, Car anna, Colophonia, Juice of Maudlin, Euphorbium, Lees of Wine, Lees of Oil, Gums of Galbanum , Amoniacum, Anime,' Arabick, Cherry Trees, Coped, Eleniy, Juni¬ per, Ivy, Plumb Trees , Cambuge, Hypocystis , Labdanum, Lacca, Liquid Amber, Manna , Mastick , Myrrh, Olibanum, Opium, Opopanax, Pice-bitumen, Pitch of the Cedar of Greece , Liquid and dry Rozins of Fir-tree , Larch-tree, Pine tree , Pine-fruit, Mastich. Venice and Cyprus Turpentine. Sugar, white, red, and Christ aline, or Sugar Candy white and red, Saga pen, Juniper, Gum, Sanguis Di ■acon is, \ Sarcocolla, Scamony, Sty rax, Liquid and Calamitis, Tacha, Mahacca, Tartar, Frankin- \ cense, Olibanum, Tragaganth, Birdlime. Culpeper.~\ That my country may receive more benefit than ever the college of Phy-; sicians intended them from these, I shall treat of them severally. 1. Of the Juices. 2. Of the Gums and Ptosins. Concrete Juices, or Juices made thick, are either Temperate, as, Juice of Liquorice, white starch. Hot in the first degree. Sugar. In the second. Labdanum. In the third. Benzoin, Assafcetida. Cold in the third degree. Sanguis Draco- nis. Acacia. In the third. Hypoeistis. In the fourth. Opium, and yet some t authors think Opium is hot because of its i bitter taste. : Aloes and Manna purge choler gently; \ and Scamony doth purge choler violently, ; that it is no ways fit for a vulgar man’s use, for it corrodes the Bowels. Opopoanax purges flegm very gently. White starch gently levigates or makes smooth such parts as are rough, syrup of Violets being made thick with it and so taken on the point of a knife, helps coughs, roughness of the throat, wheezing, excoria¬ tions of the bowels, the bloody-llux. Juice of Liquorice helps roughness of the Trachea Arteria, which is in plain English called the windpipe, the roughness of which causes coughs and hoarseness, difficulty of breathing, &c. It allays the heat of the stomach and liver, eases pains, soreness and roughness of the reins and bladder, it quencheth thirst, and strengthens the stomach exceedingly: It may easily be carried about in one’s pocket, and eat a little now and then. Sugar cleanses and digests, takes away roughness of the tongue, it strengthens the reins and bladder, being weakened : being beaten into fine powder and put into the eyes, it takes away films that grow over the sight. Labdanum is in operation, thickening, heating and mollifying, it opens the passage of the veins, and keeps the hair from falling off; the use of it is usually external: being mixed with wine, myrrh, and oil of mirtles, AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 271 and applied like a plaister, it takes away Opopanax gently purges flegm. filthy scars, and the deformity the small [ From the prickly Cedar when it is burned pox leaves behind them ; being mixed with] comes forth that which, with us is usually oil of Roses, and dropped into the ears, it | known by the name of Tar, and is excellently helps pains there; being used as a pes-} good for unction either for scabs, itch, or sary it provokes the menses, and helps 1 manginess, either in men or beasts, as also hardness or stiffness of the womb. It is i against the leprosy, tetters, ringworms, and sometimes used inwardly in such medicines \ scald heads. as ease pains and help the cough: if you \ All sorts of Rozms fill up hollow ulcers, mix a little of it with old white wine and j and relieve the body sore pressed with cold drink it, it both provokes urine and stops \ griefs. looseness or fluxes. j. The Bozin of Pitch-tree, is that which Dragons blood, cools, binds, and repels. us commonly called Burgundy pitch, and . Jcasia and Hyposistis, do the like. Us something hotter and sharper than the The iii ice of Maudlin, or, for want of it] former, being spread upon a cloth is ex- Costmary, which is the same in effect, and ] cellently good for old aches coming of former better known to the vulgar, the juice is made j bruises or dislocations. thick for the better keeping of it; first 1 Pitch mollifies hard swellings, and brings cl-irifv the mice before you boil it to its due 5 boils and sores to suppuration, it breaks thickness which is something thicker than \ carbuncles, disperses aposthumes, cleanses , ' ’ ! ulcers of corruption and fills them with honey. , . It is appropriated to the liver, and the i nesh. quantity of a dram taken every morning,* Bdellium heats and mollifies, and that very helos the Cachexia , or evil disposition of 5 temperately, being mixed with any con- the bod v proceeding from coldness of the j venient ointment or plaister, it helps ker- liver: it helps the rickets and worms in ] nels in the neck and throat, Scrap hula, or children, provokes urine, and gently (with-] that disease which was called the Kings out nursing) disburdens the body of choler j Evil. Inwardly taken m any convenient •md fleem l it succours the lungs, opens oh- j medicine, it provokes the menses, and breaks -tractions, an( j ves i s t s putrifaction of blood, j the stone, it helps coughs and biting* of Gums are either temperate, as, Lacca, > venomous beasts: it helps wmdiness of e Elemi Tragacanth, &c. j spleen.and pains in the sides thence coming Memmrate, and so are hot in the first j Both outwardly applied to the place and decree as Bdellium, Gum of Ivy. | inwardly taken, it helps raptures or such as finthe second, Galbaoum, Myrrh, Mastich,, are burst, it softens the hardness of the Frankincense, Olibanum, Pitch, Bozin, j womb, dries up the moisture thereof and * i expels the dead child. In Ac third. Amoniacum. | Bitumen Jadaicum is a certain dry pitch I the fourth. Euphorbium. which the dead sea, or lake o .Sodom mIndia f A,.,hick is cold : casts forth at certain times, the inhabitants Colophonia and Styrax soften. i thereabouts pitch their ships with it. It is Gum Arabick and Tragacanth, San-Jof excellent use to mollify the hardness of Inrack or Juniper Gum, and Sarcocolla| swellings and discuss them, as also against larach. F i inflammations; the smoke ot it burnt is ' J1 p L of Cherry trees, breaks the stone, j excellently good for the fits ot the mother. Sty rax provokes the menses. j and the falling-sickness: Inwardly taken in (2T, 28.) 4 A THE COMPLETE HERBAL 272 See Arceus’s wine it provokes the menses, helps the bitings : tures in the skull and head, of venomous beasts, and dissolves congealed \ liniment, blood in the body. j Gum Lacca being well purified, and the Ambergreese is hot and dry in the second | quantity of half a dram taken in any con- degree, I will not dispute whether it be a 5 venient liquor, strengthens the stomach and Gum or not: It strengthens nature much j liver, opens obstructions, helps the yellow which way soever it be taken, there are but j jaundice and dropsy ; provokes urine, few grains usually given of it at a time breaks the stone in the reins and bladder, mixed with a little ointment of Orange $ Liquid Amber is not much unlike liquid flowers, and the temples and forehead ; Sty rax: by unction it warms and comforts anointed with it, it eases the pains of the 1 a cold and moist brain, it eases all griefs head and strengthens the brain exceedingly;! coming of a cold cause, it mightily comforts the same applied to the privities helps the j and strengthens a weak stomach, being fits of the mother; inwardly taken it j anointed with it, and helps digestion ex- strengthens the brain and memory, the i ceedingly, it dissolves swellings. It is hot heart and vital spirit, warms cold stomachs,; in the third degree, and moist in the first, and is an exceeding strengthener of nature j I think it would do the commonwealth to old people, adding vigour to decayed and j no harm if I should speak a word or two of worn-out spirits : it provokes venery, and ? Manna here, although it be no Gum : I con- makes barren women fruitful, if coldness j fess authors make some flutter about it, and moisture or weakness be the cause im- \ what it is, some holding it to be the juice pediting. j of a tree; I am confident it is the very same Assafoztida being smelled to, is vulgarly known to repress the fits of the mother; a little bit put into an aching tooth, pre¬ sently eases the pain, ten grains of it taken before dinner, walking half an hour after condensated that our honey-dews here are, only the contries whence it comes being far hotter, it falls in great abundance. Let him that desires reason for it, be pleased to read Butler s book of Bees, a most excellent it, provokes appetite, helps digestion, * experimental work, there he shall find rea- strengthens the stomach, and takes away \ son enough to satisfy any reasonable man. loathing of meat, it provokes lust exceed- \ Choose the driest and whitest; it is a very ingly and expels wind as much. \ gentle purger of choler, quenches thirst, Borax , besides the virtues it has to solder l provokes appetite, eases the roughness of Gold, Silver, Copper, &c. inwardly given I the throat, helps bitterness in the throat, in small quantities, it stops fluxes, and the: and often proneness to vomit, it is very good running of the reins : being in fine powder, \ for such as are subject to be costive to put and put into green wounds, it cures them at j it into their drink instead of sugar, it hath once dressing. j no obnoxious quality at all in it, but may Gambuge , which the College calls Guttd ; be taken by a pregnant woman without any Gamba. I know no good of it. \ danger; a child of a year old may take an Caranna outwardly applied, is excellent j ounce of it at a time dissolved in milk, it for aches and swellings in the nerves and j will melt like sugar, neither will it be known joints ; If you lay it behind the ears, it | from it by the taste. draws back humours from the eyes; applied j Myrrli is hot and dry in the second degree, to the temples as they usually do Mastich, it j dangerous for pregnant women, it is bitter, helps the tooth-ache. jand yet held to be good for the roughness Gum Elimi, authors anoroDriate to frac- * of the throat and wind-pipe; half a dram of AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 273 it taken at a time helps rheumatic distilla- 5 not very easy. It stops deductions from tions upon the lungs, pains in the sides; it j the head, if you perfume your cap with the stops duxes, provokes the menses, brings \ smoke* of it, it helps the headache and away both birth and after-birth, softens the j megrim, strengthens the brain, and therefore hardness of the womb; beino- taken two $ the sinews. hours before the fit comes, it helps agues. Mathiolus saith he seldom used any other medicine for the quartan ague than a dram of myrrh given in Muskadel an hour before Gum Tragagantk, which the vulgar call Gum Dragon, being mixed with pectoral Syrups, (which you shall find noted in their proper places) it helps coughs and hoarse- the fit usually came; if you make it up into \ ness, salt and sharp distillations upon the pills with treacle, and take one of them; lungs, being taken with a liquorice stick, every morning fasting, it is a sovereign i being dissolved in sweet wine, it helps preservative against the pestilence, against | (being drank) gnawing in the bowels, sharp- the poison of serpents, and other venomous \ ness and freetings of the urine, which causes beasts; asingularremedy forastinkingbreath \ excoriations either in the reins or bladder, if it arise from putrefaction of the stomach, \ being dissolved in milk and the eyes washed it fastens loose teeth, and stays the shedd- \ with it, it takes away weals and scabs that ing off of the hair, outwardly used it breeds \ grow on the eyelids, it is excellently good to flesh in deep wounds, and covers the naked \ be put in poultice to fodder wounds, bones with flesh. * especially if the nerves or sinews be hurt. Olibanum is hot in the second degree, and l Saga pen, dissolved in juice of rue and dry in the first, you may take a dram of it \ taken, wonderfully breaks the stone in the at a time, it stops looseness and ,the run- \ bladder, expels the dead child and after- ning of the reins; it strengthens the memory j birth, clears the sight; dissolved in wine exceedingly, comforts the heart, expels sad- j and drank, it helps the cough, and dis- ness and melancholy, strengthens the heart, j dilation upon the lungs, and the fits of the helps coughs, rheums and pleurises ; your j mother; outwardly in oils or ointments, it best way (in my opinion,) to take it is to'mix \ helps such members as are out of joint or it with conserve of roses, and take it in the $ over-stretched. morning fasting. $ Galbanum is of the same operation, and Tachamacha is seldom taken inwardly, j also taken from the same plant, viz. Fennel, outwardly spread upon leather, and applied j Giant. to the navel; it stays the fits of the mother, \ Gum Arabic, thickens and cools, and cor- applied to the side, it mitigates speedily, \ rects choleric sharp humours in the body, and in little time quite takes away the pain j being dissolved in the white of an egg, well and windiness of the spleen; the truth is, § beaten, it helps burnings, and keeps the whatsoever ache or swelling proceeds of j place from blistering. wind or cold raw humours, I know no 1 ; Mastich stays fluxes, being taken inwardly better plaister coming from beyond sea thanj; any way. Three or four small grains of this gum. It strengthens the brain and.; Mastich, swallowed at night going to bed, memory exceedingly, and stops all such’| is a remedy for pains in the stomach: deductions thence as trouble the eyes, ears,' i being beaten into powder, and mixed with or teeth, it helps the gout and sciatica. \ conserve of Roses, it strengthens the stomach, Gum Coopal, and Gum Animc , are very j stops distillations upon the lungs, stays like one another both in body and opera-1 vomiting, and causes a sweet breath; being tion, the former is hard to come by, the last \ mixed with white wine and the mouth 274 THE COMPLETE HERBAL washed with it. it cleanses the gums of cor- j being anointed with the same, cools the reins, ruption, and fastens loose teeth. i and seminal vessels, stops the running of Frankincense being used outwardly in the j the reins and Fluor Albus, the moderate use way of a plaister, heats and binds; being j of Venery, the like it doth if it be drank applied to the temples, stops the rheums \ inwardly with Bettony-water, take but a that flow to the eyes, helps green wounds, j small quantity of it at a time inwardly, it and fills hollow ulcers with flesh, stops the j resist poison and bitings by venomous bleeding of wounds, though the arteries be|beasts; outwardly, applied as before, and cut; being made into an ointment with j[the eyes anointed with it, stops hot rheums Vinegar and H'og’s-grcase, helps the itch, \ that flow thither. pains in the ears, inflammations in women’s j Opopanax purges thick flegm from the breasts commonly called agues in the breast ; | most remote parts of the body, mx. the beware of taking it inwardly, lest it cause i brain, joints, hands, and feet, the nerves madness. , ! and breast, and strengthens all those parts Turpentine is hot in the second degree, it t when they are weak, if the weakness pro- heals, softens, it discusses and purges,; ceed of cold, as usually it doth; it helps cleanses the reins, provokes urine. j weakness of the sight, old rotten coughs, Styrax Calamitis is hot and dry in the j and gouts of all sorts, dropsies, and swell- second degree, it heals, mollifies, and con-; ings of the spleen, it helps the stranguary cocts; being taken inwardly helps the cough, j and difficulty of making urine, provokes and distillations of the lungs, hoarseness and j the menses, and helps all cold afflictions of loss of voice, helps the hardness of the; the womb ; have a care you give it not to womb, and provokes the menses. x any pregnant women. The dose is one Ammonia cum, hot and dry in the third \ dram at most, corrected with a little Mastich, degree, softens, draws, and heats; being dis- j dissolved in Vinegar and outwardly applied solved in vinegar, strained and applied \ helps the passions of the spleen, plaister-wise, it takes away carbuncles and ; - ______ hardness in the flesh, it is one of the best; ' remedies that I know for infirmities of the j In , he next place the College tells you a tale spleen, being applied to the left side; being. concerning Liquid, Juices, and Tears, made into an ointment with oil, it is good i , vhich are s t0 be kept for present use , viz . tcv anoint the limbs of such as are weary: t a scruple of it being taken in the form of a \ College.] Vinegar , Juice of Citrons , Juice pill loosens the belly, gives speedy delivery j of sour Grapes , Oranges, Barberries, Tears of to women in travail, helps diseases of the x a Birch-tree, Juice of Chermes, Quinces, Pome- spleen, the sciatica and all pains in the j granules , Lemons, Wood-sorrel , Oil of unripe joints, and have any humour afflicting their ; Olives , and ripe Olives, both new and cold. Juice breast. ; of red and Damask Roses , Wine Tears of a Camphire , it is held by all authority to be \ Vine. cold and dry in the third degree, it is of very x Culpeper. ] The virtues of the thin subtile parts, insomuch that being! these may be found in the Syrups beaten into very fine powder it will vanquish * few of them used alone, away into the air, being beaten into powder $ and mixed with'oil, and the temples anointed ! therewith, eases headaches proceeding of! heat, all inflammations whatsoever, the back; most of and are AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 275 Then the College tells you there are things bred of PLANTS. College.] Agarick, Jews-ears, the berries of Chernies , the Spungy substance of the Briar, Moss, Viscus Quercinus , Oak, Apples. Culpeper .] As the College would have you know this, so would I know what the chief of them are good for. Jews-ears boiled in milk and drank, helps sore throats. Moss is cold, dry, and binding, therefore good for fluxes of all sorts. Misleto of the Oak, it helps the falling sickness and the convulsions, being dis¬ creetly gathered and used. Oak Apples are dry and binding; being boiled in milk and drank, they stop fluxes and the menses, and being boiled in vinegar, and the body anointed with the vinegar, cures the itch. broken, and they boiled in spring water, but not scummed at all, for the scum will sink of itself, and the water drank for ordinary drink is a most admirable remedy for consumption; being bruised and ap¬ plied to the place they help the gout, draw thorns out of the flesh, and held to the nose help the bleeding thereof. Then the College acquaints you, That there are certain living Creatures called College.] Bees, JVoodlice , Silkworms, Toads, Crabs of the River , little Puppy Dogs , Grass-hoppers, Cantharides, Cothanel, Hedge¬ hogs , Emmets or Ants , Larks , Swallows, and their young ones, Horse-leeches, Snails, Earth¬ worms, Dishwashers or Wagtails, House Sparrows and Hedge Sparrows, Frogs, Scineus , Land Scorpions, Moles, or Monts , Tortoise of the Woods, Tenches, Vipers and Foxes. Culpeper.'] That part of this crew of Cattle and some others which they have not been pleased to learn, may be made bene¬ ficial to your sick bodies, be pleased to understand, that Bees being burnt to ashes, and a lye made with the ashes, trimly decks a bald head being washed with it. Snails with shells on their backs, being first washed from the dirt, then the shells (27,28.) $ Therefore consider that the College gave the Apothecaries a catalogue of what Parts of Living creatures and Excrements they must keep in their shops. | College.] The fat, grease, or suet , of a ! Duck, Goose , Eel, Boar, Herron, Thymal- \lows (if you know where to get it) Dog, \ Capon, Beaver, wild Cat, Stork, Coney, Horse, \ Hedge-hog , Hen , Man, Lion, Hare, Pike, or \ Jack, (if they have any fat, I am persuaded j'tis worth twelve-pence a grain) Wolf \ Mouse of the mountains , (if you can catch \ them) Pardal, Flog, Serpent , Badger, Grey j or brock Fox, Vulture, (if you can catch i them) Album Grcecum , Anglice , Dogs dung , 1 the hucklebone of a Hare and a Hog , East \ and West Bezoar, Butter not salted and salted, I stone taken out of a mans bladder. Vipers j flesh, fresh Cheese, Castorium, white , yellow , : and Virgins Wax, the brain of Flares and \ Sparrows, Crabs Claws, the Rennet of a i Lamb, a Kid, a Hare, a Calf, and a Horse, ! the heart of a Bullock, a Stag, Hog, and ia Wether , the horn of an Elk , a Hart, \ a Rhinoceros, an Unicorn, the skull of a man l killed by a violent death, a Cockscomb, the \ tooth of a Bore, an Elephant, and a Sea-horse, \ Ivory, or Elephant’s 'Tooth, the skin a Snake ' hath cast off, the gall of a Hawk, Bullock, a \ she Goat, a Hare, a Kite, a Hog , a Bull, \ a Bear , the cases of Silk-worms, the liver of a | Wolf, an Otter , a Frog, Isinglass , the guts 1 of a Wolf and a Fox, the milk of a she Ass , j a she Goat, a Woman , an Ewe, a Heifer , \ East and West Bezoar, the stone in the head of 4 B 276 THE COMPLETE HERBAL a Crab, and a Perch, if there be any stone in an Ox Gall, stone in the bladder of a Man, the Jaw of a Pike or Jack, Pearls, f he marrow of the Leg of a Sheep , 0,2’, Goat, Stag, Calf, common and virgin Honey, Musk, Mummy, a Swallow’s nest. Crabs Eyes, the Omentum or call of a Lamb, Ram, Wether, Calf, the whites,yolks, and shells of Liens Eggs, Emmet’s Eggs, bone of a Stag’s heart, anOx leg, Ossepice, the inner skin of a Hen’s Gizzard, the wool of Hares, the feathers of Partridges, that which Bees make at the entrance of the hive, the pizzle of a Stag, of a Bull, Fox Lungs, fasting spittle, the blood of a Pigeon, of a Cat, of a he Goat, of a Hare, of a Partridge, of a Sow, of a Bull , of a Badger, of a Snail, Silk, Whey, the suet of a Bullock , of a Stag, of a he Goat, of a Sheep, of a Heifer, Sperma¬ ceti, a Bullock’s spleen , the skin a Snake hath cast off, the excrements of a Goose, of ci Bog, of a Goat, of Pigeons, of a stone Hoi'se, of a Hen, of Swallows, of a Hog, of a Heifer, the ancle of a Hare, of a Sow, Cobwebs, Water shells, as Blatta Bazantia, Buccince, Crabs, Cockles, Bentalis, Entails, Mother of Pearl, My full Pur pur w. Os sep'ue, Umbilious Mari- nus, the testicles of a Horse, a Cock, the hoof of an Elk, of an Ass, a Bullock, of a Horse, of a Lyon, the urine of a Boar, of a she Goat. Culpeper .] The liver of an Hedge-hog being dried and beaten into powder and drank in wine, strengthens the reins exceed- ingly, and helps the dropsy, convulsions, and the falling sickness, together with all fluxes of the bowels. The liver being in like manner brought into powder, strengthens the liver exceed- an( l helps tlie dropsy. METALS, STONES, SALTS, AND OTHER MINERALS. Ver-de-grease, Scales of Brass, JEtitis, Alana Terra, Alabaster, Alectorions, Alum ? Seisile and Roach Amethist, Amianth, Amphe- \ lites, Antimony, leaves and flings of Silver, \ Quick Silver, Lapis, Armenius, native Arsenic, ; both white and red, artificial Arsenic, white ; and realgar, Argilla, Asteria, leaves and fil- * ings of Gold, Belemites, Berril, Bole-armenick, \ Bor rax, Toad-stone, Lapis Calaminatis, Cad¬ 's mia. Lime quick and quenched, Vitriol, white, : blue, and green, Steel, Borrax, Chrisolite, ; Chrisopus, Cynabris, native and artificial, | Whetstones, Chalk, white and green. Crystal, ; Diphriges, the rust, dust, scales, and fakes of \ Iron, Granite , Mortar, such as zrnlls are \ daubed with, Hematitis, Heliotropiiun, Jacinth , | Hyber , Nidus, Jasper, Lapis Judacious, j Tiles, Lapis Lazuly , Lapis Lincis, Lithan- \ thrax. Litharge of Silver and Gold, Load- \ stone, Marchasite , or fire stone Marble , Red s Lead, native and artificial. Miss, Naptha, ; Lapis Nephriticus, Niire, Oaker yellow and \ red. Onyx, Opalus, Ophyte§, Ostcocollci, Lead \ white and black. Plumbago, Pompholix, Mar- ; chasite, Realgar, Ruby , red Oaker, Sal \ Armoniach, Sal Gem, and salt Nitre, Saphyr i and Sardine, Selenitis, Flints, Emerald, \ Smiris, Sold, Spodium, Pewter, Brimstone, j quick and common, Talth, Earth of Cimolia, : Sanies, Lemnos, Sylesia, Topas, Alana, Terra, \ Tatty, Vitriol, white, blue, and green. \ Precious stones alter by a way manifest or hidden. Then the College tells you these things may be taken from the SEA, as College.] Amber-grease, Sea-water, Sea- sand, Bitumen, Amber white and yellow, Jet, Carlinee, Coral, white and red. Foam of the Sea, Spunge, Stone Pumice, Sea salt, Spuno;es, Amber. F * ’ 1 ; By a way manifest, they are hot, in the \first degree. Hemetitis, Pyritis, Lopis \ Asius, Thyitis, Smyres, Lapis Schistus. . Precious stones cold, are in the first degree. {Jacinth, Saphyr, Emerald, Cristal, Lapis jSamius, Lapis Phrigius. Ruby, Carbuncle, In the second x Granite., Sardony. degree. AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 277 In the fourth degree. Diamond. In respect of property, they bind, as Lapis Asius, Nectius, Geodes, Pumice-stone. \ Emolient; as Alabaster, Jet, Lapis Thra- | sius. | Stupify: as Memphitis, Jasper, Ophites.! Cleanse: as Lapis Arabicus. t Glutinate: as Galactitis, Melites. $ Scarify : as Morochtus. | Break the stone: as Lapis Lyncis, Lapis \ Judaicus, Lapis Sponge. * Retain the fruit in the womb: as iEtitis, i Jasper. j Provoke the menses. Ostracites. i % > Stones altering by a hidden property (as they l call it,) are Bezoar, Topaz, Lapis Colubrinus, Toad- 1 stone, Emerald, Alectorius, Calcidonius, i Amethist, Saphyr, Jasper, Lapis Nephri-j ticus, Lapis Tibernum, Lapis, Spongites, j the stone found in the maw of a Swallow, j Load-stone, Lapis Vulturis, Merucius, j Coral, Lynturius, Jet, iEtites, the stones off Crabs, Amber, Crystal, &c. \ The Load-stone purges gross humours. Lapis Armenius and Lapis Lazuli, purge j melancholy. : Pyrites heat and cleanse, take away j dimness of sight. Dioscondes. Lapis Asius i binds and moderately corrodes and cleanses j filthy ulcers, and fills them up with flesh;; being mixed with honey, and applied to the \ place, is an admirable remedy for the gout, ; Chrystal being beaten into very fine pow- i der, and a dram of it taken at a time helps i the bloody-flux, stops the Fluor Albus, and \ increases milk in Nurses. Mathiolus. Lapis Samius is cooling and binding, it is \ very comfortable to the stomach, but it $ dulls the senses, helps fluxes of the eyes ; and ulcers. Geodetes binds and drys, being beaten ; into powder and mixed with water, and j applied to the place, takes away in- i flammations of the Testicles. | Pumice-stone being beaten into powder, and the teeth rubbed with it, cleanses them. Dioscorides. Jet, it is of a softening and discussing nature, it resists the fits of the mother. Lapis Arabicus being beaten into powder, and made into an ointment helps the hemorrhoids. Ostracites, a dram of it taken in powder provokes the menses; beingtaken after that purgation, causes conception, also being made into an ointment, helps inflammations of the breast. Myexis being borne about one takes away pains in the reins, and hinders the breeding of the stone. Lapis Armenius purges melancholy, and also causes vomiting, I hold it not very safe for our English bodies, and therefore I will speak no more of it. Explanation of certain Vacuations. The five opening Roots. Smullage, Sparagus, Fennel, Parsley, Knee- holly. The two opening Roots. Fennel, Parsley. The five emolient Herbs. Marsh-mallows, Mallows, Beets, Mercury, Pellitory of the Wall, Violet Leaves. The five Capillary Herbs. Maidenhair, Wall Rue, Cetrach, Hart’s- tongue, Politricum. The four cordial Flowers. Borrage, Bugloss, Roses , Violets. The four greater hot Seeds, Carminative, or breaking wind. Annis, Carr away. Cummin, Fennel. The four lesser hot seeds. Bishop’s weed, Amomus, Smallage, Carrots. The four greater cold seeds. Citrul , Cucumber , Gourds, Melon. The four lesser cold seeds. Succory, Endive, Lettice , Purslain. Five fragments of precious stones. Granite, Jacinth, Sapphire,Sardine,Emerald. 278 THE COMPLETE HERBAL j Bullocks dung made in May, Swallows, Earth - The right worshipful, the College of Vhy-\ worms > Magpies, Sparni of Frogs. sicians of London in their New Dispen-i . ■ ■ satory give you free leave to distil these \ . common waters that follow, but they j never intend you should know what the} 1 are good for. SIMPLE DISTILLED WATERS r\ SIMPLE WATERS DISTILLED, being digested before-hand. 1 Of fresh Roots of Briony, Onions, Elecampane, Orris, Flower-de-luce , Turnips. Of flowers and buds of Of the fresh Roots of Nettles. Of the leaves of Agrimony, wild Tansy, | or Silverweed, Mugwort, Bettony, Mari- j golds, ‘Chamomel, Chamepitys, Celandine, or \ Pilewort, Scurvy-grass, Comfry the greater, ! Dandelyon, Ash-tree leaves, Eyebright, J Fumitory, Alehoof, or ground Ivy, Horse- Southernwood, both sorts of Wormwood, \ tail, St. John’s Wort, Yarrow, Moneywort, Wood Sorrel, Lady s-Mantle, Marsh-mallows, ; Restharrow, Solomon's Seal, Res solis, Rue, Angelica, Pimpernel with purple flowers, 1 Savin, Saxifrage, Hart’s tongue, Scordium, Smallage, Columbines, Sparagus, Mouse-ear, $ Tamarisk, Mullin, Vervain, Paul’s Bettony, Bor rage, Shepherd’s Purse, Calaminth, Wood- j Mead-sweet, Nettles. bine or Honeysuckles, Carduus Benedictus, * Of the Flowers of Mayweed, Broom, our Lady's Thistles, Knotgrass, Succory , 1 Cowslips, Butter-bur, Peony, Elder. Dragons, Colt’s-foot, Fennel, Goat’s Rue, 1 Of the berries of Broom, Elder. Gr 'ass, Hyssop, Lettice, Lovage, Toad-flax, 1 Culpeper .J Then the College gives you Hops, Marjoram, Mallows, Horehound, Fea- \ an admonition concerning these, which therfew, Bawm, Mints, Horse-mints, Water \ being converted into your native language, Cresses, English Tobacco, white Poppies- 1 is as follows. Pellatory of the Wall, Parsley, Plantain, j We give you warning that these common Pur slain. Self-heal, Pennyroyal, Oak leaves,\ waters be better prepared for time to Sage , Scabious, Figwort or Throatwort, House- ' f>nmp oitlipr in pnmmnn c t i 11 o irmth r\ ™ leek, or Sengreen, the greater and lesser Mother \ of Time, Nightshade, Tansy, Tormentil, > Valerian. \ Of Flowers of S Oranges, (if you can get them) Blue-bot- j tie the greater. Beans, Water-Lilies , Lavender, \ Nut-tree, Cowslips, Sloes, Rosemary, Roses j white, damask, ancl red, Satyrien , Lime-tree, > Clove-giUiflowers, Violets Of Fruits of \ Oranges, Black Cherries, Pome Citrons,\ Quinces, Cucumbers, Strawberries, Winter j Cherries, Lemons, Rasberries, unripe Walnuts, $ Apples, Of parts of living Creatures and their ex crements. come, either in common stills, putting good store of ashes underneath, the roots and herbs being dryer, &c. or if they be full of Juice, by distilling the juice in a convenient bath, that so burning may be avoided, which hitherto hath seldom been. But let the other Herbs, Flowers, or Roots, be bruised, and by adding Tartar, common salt, or leven be digested, then putting spring water to them, distil them in an Alembick with its refrigeratory, or Worm, till the change of the taste shew the virtue to be drawn off; then let the oil (if any) be separated from the water according to art. Lobsters , Cockles , or Snails , Hartshorn, \ ascribed. i Into the number of these waters may be AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 279 The Tears of Vines, the liquor of the Birch-tree, May dew. Culpeper.'] That my country may receive the benefit of these waters, 1 shall first shew the temperatures, secondly, the vir¬ tues of the most usual and most easy to come by : It any should take exceptions that I mention not all, I answer first, I mention enough. Secondly, who ever makes this objection, they shew extreme ingratitude; for had I mentioned but only one, I had revealed more to them than ever the College intended they should know, or : give me thanks for doing. i The qualities and appropriation of the simple j Distilled Waters. i Simple distilled waters either cool or' heat: such as cool, either cool the blood I or choler. Waters cooling the blood. Lettice, Pur- I slain, Water Lilies, Violets, Sorrel Endive, j Succory, Fumitory. Waters cooling and repressing choleric humours ,; or vapours in the head. Nightshade, Lettice, Water Lilies, Plan- i tain, Poppies, viz. The flowers both of! white black and red Poppies, black Cheries. I The breast and lungs. Violets, Poppies : all three sorts, Colt’s-foot. « In the heart. Sorrel, Quinces, Water j Lilies, Roses, Violets, green or unripe I Walnuts. In the stomach. Quinces, Roses, Violets,! Nightshade, Houseleeks, or Sengreen, Let- I tice, Purslain. - j In the liver. Endive, Succory, Night¬ shade, Purslain, Water Lilies. In the reins and bladder. Endive, Sue- ! cory, Winter Cherries, Plantain, Water: Lilies, Strawberries, Houseleek or Sen- i green, black Cherries. In the womb. Endive, Succory, Lettice,! Water Lilies, Purslain, Roses. Simple waters which are hot, concoct \ either flegm or melancholy. ' (27, 28.) Waters concocting fiegm in the head , are Bettony, Sage, Marjoram, Chamomel, Fennel, Calaminth, Rosemary-flowers, Primroses, Eye-bright. In the breast and lungs. Maiden-hair, Bettony, Hysop, Horehound, Card u us Benedictus, Scabious, Orris, or Flower-de- luces, Bawrn, Self-heal, &c. In the heart. Bawm, Rosemary. In the stomach. Wormwood, Mints, Fennel, Chervil, Time, Mother of Time, Marigolds. In the liver. Wormwood, Centaury, Origanum, Marjoram, Maudlin, Costmary, Agrimony, Fennel. In the spleen. Water-cresses, Wormwood, Calaminth. In the reins and bladder. Rocket, Nettles, Saxifrage, Pellitory of the Wall, Alicam- pane, Burnet. In the womb. Mugwort, Calaminth, Penny-royal, Savin, Mother of Time, Lovage. Waters concocting Melancholy in the head t are Hops, Fumitory. The breast. Bawm, Carduus Benedictus. The heart. Borrage, Bugloss, Bawm, Rosemary. The liver. Endive, Chicory, Hops. The spleen. Dodder, Hart’s-longue, Tamarisk, Time. Having thus ended the appropriatien, I shall speak briefly of the virtues of dis¬ tilled waters. Lettice water cools the blood when it is over-heated, for when it is not, it needs no cooling : it cools the head and liver, stays h®t vapours ascending to the head, and hinders sleep; it quenches immoderate thirst, and breeds milk in nurses, distil it in May. Purslain water cools the blood and liver, quenches thirst, helps such as spit blood, have hot coughs, or pestilences. The distilled water of water Lily-flowers , 4 c 280 THE COMPLETE HERBAL cools the blood and the bowels, and all! The water of Distilled Quinces strengthen* internal parts of the body] helps such as {the heart and stomach exceedingly, stays have the yellow jaundice, hot coughs and j vomiting and fluxes, and strengthens the pleurisies, the head-ache, coming of heat, * retentive faculty in man. fevers pestilential and not pestilential, as $ Damask hose watei cools, comforts, and also hectic fevers. I strengthens the heart, so doth Red Rose- The water of Violet flowers, cools the j water, only with this difference, the one is blood, the heart, liver and lungs, over- j binding, the other loosening ; if your body healed, and quenches an insatiable desire jj be costive, use Damask Rose water,.- be- of drinking, they are in their prime about{cause it is loosening: ir loose, use led, the latter end of March, or beginning of j because it is binding. April, according as the year falls out. 5 White Rose water is generally known to The water of Sorrel cools the blood, t be excellent against hot rheums, and in¬ heart, liver, and spleen: If Venice Treacle ! flammations in the eyes, and for this it is be given with it, it is profitable in pestilen-1 better than the former, tial fevers, distil it in Map. * \ The water of Red Poppy flowers, called Endive and Succory water are excellent j by many Corn-roses, because they grow so against heat in the stomach ; if you take j frequently amongst corn, cools the blood an ounce of either (for their operation island spirits over-heated by drinking or the same) morning and evening, four days \ labour, and is therefore excellent in surfets. one after another, they cool the liver, and j Green Walnuts gathered about the latter cleanse the blood : they are in their prime 1 end of June or July, and bruised, and so in May. . \ stilled, strengthen the heart, and resist the Fumitory water is usual with the city \ pestilence, dames to wash their faces with, to take away ; Plantain water helps the headache ; beings morphey, freckles, and* sun-burning; in- \ dropped into the ear it helps the tooth-ache, wardly taken, it helps the yellow jaundice: helps the phthisicks, dropsy and fluxes, and itch, cleanses the blood, provokes j and is an admirable remedy for ulcers in sweat, strengthens the stomach, and cleanses i the reins and bladder, to be used as com- the body of adust humours: it is in its j mon drink : the herb is in its.prime in May. prime in May and June , - ; Strawberry water cools, quenches thirst. The water of Nightshade helps pains in \ clarifies the blood, breaks the stone, helps the head coming of heat. Take heed you \ all inward inflammations, especially those distil not the deadly Nightshade instead of jin the reins, bladder and passages of the the common, if you do, you may make j- urine ; it strengthens the liver and helps mad work. Let such as have not wit \ the yellow jaundice. enough to know them asunder, have wit s The distilled water of Dog grass, or enough to let them both alone till they do. j Couch grass, as some call it, cleanses the The water of white Poppies extinguishes j reins gallantly, and provokes urine, opens all heat against nature,, helps head-aches j obstructions, of the liver and spleen, and coming of heat, and too long standing in skills worms. the sun. Distil them in June or July. t j Black Cherry water provokes urine, helps Colt’s-foot water is excellent for burns to ii the dropsy. It is usually given in diseases wash the place with it; inw*ardly taken it: of the brain, as convulsions, falling-siek- helps Phthisicks and other diseases inci -\ ness, palsy and apoplexy, dent to the lungs, distil them in May or June A Betony is in its prime in May, the dis- AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 281 tilled water thereof is very good for such j The eyes being washed every morning as are pained in their heads, it prevails \ with Eyebright water, most strangely clears against the dropsy and all sorts of fevers ; ( j and strengthens the sight, it succours the liver and spleen, and helps i Maidenhair distilled in May, the water want of digestion and evil disposition of I cleanses both liver and lungs, clarifies the the body thence arising ; it hastens travail \ blood, and breaks the stone, in women with child, and is excellent j Hyssop water cleanses the lungs of fiegm, against the bitings of venomous beasts. j helps coughs and Asthmas, distil it in Distil Sage whilst the dowers be on it, i August, the water strengthens the brain, provokes the j The water of Hore-hound, helps the cough menses, helps nature much in all its actions. \ and straitness of the breast; it strengthens Marjoram is in its prime in June, dis-j the breast, lungs and stomach, and liver, tilled water is excellent for such whose j distil it in June. brains are too cold, it provokes urine, heats | Carduus water succours the head, the womb, provokes the menses, strengthens j strengthens the memory, helps such as are the memory and helps the judgment, causes | troubled with vertigoes and quartan agues ; an able brain. \ it provokes sweat, strengthens the heart, Distil Camomel water about the beginning j and all other fevers of choler. It is in of June. It eases the cholick and pains \ its prime in May and June, in the belly; it breaks the stone in the j Scabious water helps pleurises and pains, reins and bladder, provokes the menses, and pricking in the sidesAposthumes, expels the dead child, and takes ’ and straitness of the in the head. Fennel water strengthens the heart and j Water of Flower-de-luce is very profitable brain; dilates the breast, the cough, pro- j in dropsies, an ounce being drank con¬ vokes the menses, encreases milk in nurses, j tinually every morning and evening; as and if you wash your eyes with it, it clears \ also pains and torments in the bowels, the sight. " j Bawm water distilled in May, restores The Hooses of the fore feet of a Cow \ memory, it quickens all the senses, dried and taken any away, encrcase milk ■ strengthens the brain, heart, and stomach, in nurses, the smoke of them drives away j causes a merry mind and a sweet breath, mice. Mizahlus. I 'Flic water of Comfrey solders broken Calami nth water heats and cleanses the j bones, being drank, helps ruptures, out- womb, provokes the menses, and eases the 1 wardly it stops the bleeding, ot wounds, pains of the head, distil it in May. \ they being washed with it. The distilled water of Rosemary- flowers, j. Wormwood water distilled cold., about the helps such as are troubled with the yellow j end of May, heats and strengthens the Jaundice, Asthmas, it cleanses the blood, j stomach, helps concoction, stays vomiting, helps concoction, strengthens the brain j kills worms in the stomach and bowels, it ; mitigates the pains in the leeih, and is pro- 1 titablv given in fevers of choler. f 'J © , . < j . y ■' »/ Mint water strengthens the stomach, helps \ concoction and stays vomiting, distil it in j the latter end of May, or beginning of \ ,J une,.as the year is in I r vardness or : bat k- \ wardness, observe that in all the rest. 1 The water of Cowslip flowers palsey ; takes away pains in tin vertigo and megrim, and is exce< for pregnant women. 282 THE COMPLETE HERBAL Chervil water distilled about the end of May, helps ruptures, breaks the stone, dis- j solves congealed blood, strengthens thej heart and stomach. j The water of Mother of Time strengthens \ the brain and stomach, gets a man a good j stomach to his victuals, provoke urine and \ the menses, heats the womb. It is in its; prime about the end of J une. i The water of Marigold flowers is appro- \ priated to most cold diseases of the head,* eyes, and stomach : they are in their vigour * when the Sun is in the Lion. j The distilled water of Centaury comforts; a cold stomach, helps in fever of choler, it* kills worms, and provokes appetite. i Maudlin and Costmary water distilled in \ May or June, strengthens the liver, helps j the yellow jaundice, opens obstructions, j and helps the dropsy. * Water-cresses distilled in March, the \ water cleanses the blood, and provokes j urine exceedingly, kills worms, outwardly * mixed with honey, it clears the skin of mor- \ phew and sunburning. Distil Nettles when they are in flower, the j water helps coughs and pains in the bowels, j provokes urine, and breaks the stone. j Saxifrage water provokes urine, expels \ wind, breaks the stone, cleanses the reins! and bladder of gravel, distil them when! they are in flower. I The water of Pellitory of the Wall , opens j obstructions of the liver and spleen, byj drinking an ounce of it every morning; \ it cleanses the reins and bladder, and eases* the gripings of the bowels coming of wind. \ Distil it in the end of May, or beginning j of June. | Cinquefoil water breaks the stone, cleanses \ the reins, and is of excellent use in putri- i fled fevers. Distil it in May. j The water of Radishes breaks the stone, I cleanses the reins and bladder, provokes \ the menses, and helps the yellow jaundice, j , Elicampane water strengthens the stomach and lungs, provokes urine, and cleanses the passages of it from gravel. Distil Burnet in May or June, the water breaks the stone, cleanses the passages of urine, and is exceeding profitable in pes¬ tilential times. Mugwort water distilled in May, is ex¬ cellent in coughs and diseases proceeding from stoppage of the menses, it warms the stomach, and helps the dropsy. Distil Penny-royal when the flowers are upon it: the water heats the womb gallant¬ ly, provokes the menses, expels the after¬ birth ; cuts, and casts out thick and gross humours in the breast, eases pains in the bowels, and consumes flegm. The water of Lovage distilled in May, eases pains in the head, and cures ulcers in the womb being washed with it; inwardly taken it expels wind, and breaks the stone. The tops of Hops when they are young, being distilled, the water cleanses the blood of melancholy humours, and therefore helps scabs, itch, and leprosy, and such like dis¬ eases thence proceeding ; it opens obstruc¬ tions of the spleen, helps the rickets, and hypochondriac melancholy. The water of Borrage and Bugloss dis¬ tilled when their flowers are upon them, strengthens the heart and brain exceed¬ ingly, cleanses the blood, and takes away sadness, griefs and melancholy. Dodder water cleanses the liver and spleen, helps the yellow jaundice. Tamarisk water opens obstructions, and helps the hardness of the spleen, and strengthens it. English Tobacco distilled, the water is ex¬ cellently good for such as have dropsy, to drink an ounce or two every morning; it helps ulcers in the mouth, strengthens the lungs, and helps such as have asthmas. The water of Dwarf Elder, hath the same effects. Thus you have the virtues of enough of cold waters, the use of which is for mix- AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 283 tures of other medicines, whose operation ; is the same, for they are very seldom given j alone : If you delight most in liquid medi- * cities, having regard to the disease, and part j of the body afflicted by it, these will fur- \ nisli you with where withal to make them j so as will please your pallate best. \ COMPOUNDS. SPIRIT AND COMA POUND DISTILLED WATERS. \ \ \ Culpeper .] Before I begin these, I £ thought good to premise a few words: They \ are all hot in operation, and therefore notj to be meddled with by people of hot con-; stitutions when they are in health, for fear j of fevers and adustion of blood, but fori people of cold constitutions, as melancholy : and flegmitic people. If they drink of $ them moderately now and then for recrea- j tion, due consideration being had to the: part of the body which is weakest, they £ may do them good: yet in diseases of j melancholy, neither strong watersnor sack £ is to be drank, for they make the humour \ thin, and then up to the head it Hies, where : it fills the brain with foolish and fearful£ imaginations. £ 2. Let all young people forbear them j whilst they are in health, for their blood is £ usually hot enough wkhou-t them. \ 3. Have regard to the season of the year, \ so shall you find them more beneficial in £ Summer than in Winter, because in sum- j mer the body is always coldest within, and ! digestion weakest, and that is the reason £ why men and women eat less in Summer; than in Winter. £ Thus much for people in health, which j drink strong waters for recreation. As for the-medicinal use of them, it shall \ be shewed at the latter end of every receipt, £ only in general they are (due respect had: to the humours afflicting, and part of the: body afflicted) medicinal for diseases of; (29, 30.) cold and flegm, chilliness of the spirits, &c. But that my countrymen may not be mistaken in this, I shall give them some symptoms of each complexion how a man may know when it exceeds its due limits. Signs of choler abounding. Leanness of body, costiveness, hollow eyes, anger without a cause, a testy dispo¬ sition, yellowness of the skin, bitterness in the throat, pricking pains in the head, the pulse swifter and stronger than ordinary, theurinehigher coloured, thinner and bright¬ er, troublesome sleeps, much dreaming of fire, lightning, anger, and fighting. Signs of blood abounding. The veins are bigger (or at least they seem so) and fuller then ordinary ; the skin is red, and as it were swollen ; pricking pains in the sides, and about the temples, shortness of breath, head-ache, the pulse great.and full, urine high coloured and thick, dreams of blood, Ac. Signs of melancholy abounding. Tearfulness without a cause, fearful and foolish imaginations, the skin rough and swarthy, leanness, want of sleep, frightful dreams, sourness in the throat, the pulse very weak, solitariness, thin clear urine, often sighing, &c. Signs of fiegm abounding. Sleepiness, dulness, slowness, heaviness, cowardliness, forgetfulness, much spitting, much superfluities at the nose, little appe¬ tite to meat and as bad digestion, the skin whiter, colder and smoother than it was want to be; the pulse slow and deep: the urine thick and low coloured: dreams of rain, floods, and water, See. These things thus premised, I come to the matter. The first the College presents you with, is Spirit us ct Aqua Absinth is minus Com posit a. Or, Spirit and water of Wormwood, the lesser composition* 4 D 284 THE COMPLETE HERBAL College .] Take of the leaves of dryed j of each one drachm : let the things be cut Wormwood two pounds, Annis seeds, half | that are to be cut, and the things that are a pound: steep them in six gallons of small \ bruised that are to be bruised, all of them wine twenty four hours, then distill them: infused in twenty four pints of Spanish in an Alemhick, adding to every pound of! Wine, for twenty four hours, then dis- the distilled water two ounces of the best \ tilled in an Alembick, adding two ounces S L1CTar> 5 of white sugar to every pint of distilled. Let the two first pound you draw out be j water, called Spirit of Wormwood, those which \ Let the first pint be called Spirit of follow, Wormwood water the lesser com- j Wormwood the greater composition, position. 1 Culpeper.'] The opinion of Authors is, Culpeper.] I like this distinction of the j That it heats the stomach, and strengthens College very well, because what is first j it and the lungs, expels wind, and helps stilled out, is far stronger then the rest, j digestion in ancient people, and therefore very fitting to be kept by Spiritus et Aqua Angelica Magis composita. itself: you may take which you please,! Or Spirit and water of Angelica, the according as the temperature of your body, j greater composition. either to heat or cold, and the season of the j The College.] Take of the leaves of year requires. \ Angelica eight ounces, of Carduus Bene- It hath the same virtues Wormwood \ dictus six ounces, of Bawm and Sage, of hath, only fitter to be used by such whose j each four ounces, Angelica seeds six bodies are chilled by ag.e, and whose ounces; sweet Fennel seeds nine ounces: natural heat abates. You may search the Let the herbs, being dryed, and the seeds herbs for the virtues, it heats the stomach, j be grosly bruised, to which add of the and helps digestion. 1 species called Aromaticurn Rosarum, and The College.] After the same manner j of the species called Diamoschu Dulce, of (only omitting the Annis seeds) is distilled 1 each an ounce and a half, infuse them spirit and water of Angelica, both Herb [ two days in thirty two pints of Spanish and Root; Bawm, Mints, Sage, &c. the j Wine, then distil them with a gentle fire, Flowers of Rosemary, Clary, Clove-gilli-j and with every pound mix two ounces of flowers, &c. the seeds of Caraway, &c. j sugar dissolved in Rose-water. Juniper-berries, Orange Pills, Lemons, | Let the three first pounds be called by the Citrons, &c. Cinnamon," NT utmegs, &c. } name of Spirit the rest by the name of water. Spiritus et Aqua Absynthii magis composita. ; Culpeper.] The chief end of composing Or sprint and water of Wormwood, the!this medicine, was to strengthen the heart greater composition. j and resist infection, and therefore is very The College.] Take of common and i Avholesome in pestilential times, and for Roman Wormwood, of each a pound ; | such as walk in stinking air. Sage, Mints, Bawm, of each two handfuls ; \ I shall now quote you their former the Roots of Galanga, Ginger, Calamus 1 receipt in their former Dispensatory. Aromaticus, Elecampane, of each three | Angelica water the greater composition. drachms; Liquorice an ounce, Raisins of j The College.] Take of Angelica two the Sun stoned, three ounces, Annis seeds, 1 pounds, Annis seed half a pound, Comm¬ and sweet Fennel seeds, of each three \ der and Caraway seeds, of each four ounqies, drachms ; Cinnamon, Cloves, Nutmegs, of} Zedoary bruised, three ounces : steep them each two drachms; Cardamoms, Cubebs, } twenty four hours in six gallons of small AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 285 wine, then draw out the spirit, and sweeten it with sugar. Culpeper .] It comforts the heart, cherishes the vital spirits, resists the pes¬ tilence, and all corrupt airs, which indeed are the natural causes of epidemical dis- eases, the sick may take a spoonful ot it in j any convenient cordial, and such as are in j health, and have bodies either cold by j nature, or cooled by age, may take as much ■ either in the morning fasting, or a little | before meat. : Spiritus Lavendula compositus Matilda:. Or compound spirit ot Lavender. Matthias.; The College .] Take of Lavender flowers ; one gallon, to which pour three gallons of the best spirits of wine, let them stand together in the sun six days, then distil them with an Alembick with his refrige¬ ratory. Take of the flowers of Sage, Rosemary, and Bettony, of each one handful: the flowers of Borrage, Bugloss, Lilies of the Valley, Cowslips, of each two handfuls: let the flowers be newly and seasonably gathered, being infused in one gallon of the best spirits of wine, and mingled with the foregoing spirit of Lavender flowers, adding the leaves of Bawm, Feather-few, and Orange tree fresh gathered; the flowers of Stoechas and Orange tree, Bay berries, of each one ounce: After convenient diges¬ tion distil it again, after which add Citron pills the outward bark, Peony seed husked, of each six drachms, Cinnamon, Mace, Nutmegs, Cardamoms, Cubebs, yellow Sanders, of each half an ounce. Wood of Aloes one dram, the best Jujubes, the stones being taken out half a pound, di six weeks, then strain it and filter it, and add to it prepared Pearls two drams, Emeralds prepared a scruple, Ambergrease, Musk, Saffron, of each half a scruple, red Roses dryed, red Sanders, of each half an ounce, yellow Sanders, Citron Pills dryed, of each one dram. Let the species being tyed up in a rag, be hung into the aforementioned spirit. Culpeper I could wish the Apothecaris would desire to be certified by the College. 1. Whether the gallon of Lavender flowers must be filled by heap, or by strike. 2. Next, whether the flowers must be pressed down in the measure, or not. 3. How much must be drawn off in the first distillation. 4. Where they should get Orange leaves and flowers fresh gathered. 5. What they mean by convenient diges¬ tion. 6. Where you shall find Borrage, Bugloss and Cowslips flowering together, ! that so you may have them all fresh ac- j cording to their prescript, the one flowering \ in the latter end of April, and beginning of May, the other in the end of June, and beginning of July. 7- If they can make a shift to make it, how, or which way the virtues of it will countervail the one halt of the charge and cost, to leave the pains and trouble out. Spiritus Castorii. Or Spirit of Castoreurn. The College .] Take of fresh Castoreurn four ounces, Lavender flower an ounce, the tops of Sage and Rosemary, of each half an ounce, Cinnamon six drams, Mace, Cloves, of each two drachms, spirits of Wine rectified, six pounds, digest them in a phial filled only to the third part, close slopped with cork and bladder in warm ashes for two days, then distilled in Balneo Mariae, and the distilled water kept close stopped. ^ Culpeper .] By reason of its heat it is no ways fit to be taken alone, but mixed with other convenient medicines appro¬ priated to the diseases you would give it for, it resists poison, and helps such as are bitten by venomous beasts: it causes speedy delivery to women in travail, and casteth out the Placenta : it helps the fits of the mother, lethargies and convulsions, being mixed with white wine, and dropped into 286 THE COMPLETE HERBAL the ears, it helps deafness; if stopping bej pound, Peony dowers tour ounces; steep the cause of it, the dose to be given in- t them together fourteen days, then distil wardly is between one dram, and half a; them in Batneo Marine till they be dry. in dram, according to the strength and age of I the distilled liquor infuse again male Peony the patient. ° j roots gathered in due time, two ounces and Aqua PetasUiclis composite U half, white Dittany, long Birthwort, of Or, compound water of Butter-bur. leach half an ounce, the leaves of Misselto The College.'] Take of the fresh roots \ of the Oak, and Rue, of each two handfuls, of Butter-bur bruised, one pound and a! Peony seeds husked, ten drams. Rue seeds half, the roots of Angelica and Masterwort, j three drams and a half, Castoreum two of each half a pound, steep them in ten j scruples, Cubebs, Mace, of each two pints of strong Ale, then distil them till 1 drachms, Cinnamon an ounce and a half, the change of the taste gives a testimony j Squills prepared, three drachms, Rosemary that the strength is drawn out. j flowers six pugils, Arabian Staechas, Laven- Culpeper. J This water is very effectual ! der, of each four pugils, the flowers of being mixed with other convenient cor- $ Betony, Clove-gilli-flowers, and Cowslips, dials, for such as have pestilential fevers: 1 of each eight pugils, then adding four also a spoonful taken in the morning, may jpound of the juice of black Cherries, dis¬ prove a good preservative in pestilential j til it in a glass till it be dry. times : it helps the fits of the mother, and \ Aqua Bezoartica. such as are short winded, and being taken.j Or Bezoar Water, inwardly, dries up the moisture of such \ College .] Take of the leaves of Celan- sores as are hard to be cured. \ dine, roots and all, three handfuls and a Aqua Rapliani Composita. 1 half, Rue two handfuls, Scordium four Or Compound water of Radishes. 1 handfuls, Dittany of Crete, Carduus, of The College.] Take of the leaves of both ; each one handful and a half, Zedoary and sorts of Scurvy-grass, of each six pound, j Angelica roots, of each three drams, Citrons having bruised them, press the juice out of! and Lemon pills, of each six drams, Clove- them, with which mix of the juice of brook- * gilliflowers one ounce and a half, Red lime, and Water-cresses, of each one pound \ Rose, Centaury the less, of each two drams, jmd a half, of the best white wine, eight j Cinnamon, Cloves, of each three drams, pounds, twelve whole Lemons, pills and all, j Venice Treacle three ounces, Mithridates fresh Briony roots four pound,the roots of wild | one ounce and a half, Camphire two Radishes two pound, Captain Winter's Cin- j scruples, Troches of Vipers two ounces, namon half a pound, Nutmegs four ounces, j Mace two drams, Wood of Aloes half an steep them altogether, and then distil them jounce. Yellow Sanders one dram and a Culpeper.] I fancy it not, and so I leave* half, Carduus seeds one ounce, Citron seeds it; I suppose they intended it for purga-Jsix drams, let them be cut and infused in tion of women in child-bed. j spirits of Wine, and Malaga Wine, of each Aqua Beonice Composita. j three pound and a half, Vinegar of Clove- Or Compound water of Peony. J gilliflowers, Juice of Lemons, of each one The College.] Take of the flowers of j pound, and distilled in a glass still in Balneo Lilies of the Valley, one pound: infuse \ Marice, after it is half distilled off, the them in four gallons of Spanish wine so long ! residue may be strained through a linen till the following flowers may be had fresh, i cloatli, and be reduced to the thickness of Take of the fore-named flowers half a; Honey, and called the Bezoartic extract AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 287 Culpeper.'] Extracts have the same vir-: one pound and a half, the leaves and tues with the waters they are made from, j dowers of Centaury the less, of each four only the different form is to please the jounces, steep them eight days in twelve palates of such whose fancy loathes any one; pounds of white Wine, then distil them in particular form. t an alembick. This Bezoar water strengthens the heart, Culpeper.'] It conduces to preservation arteries, and vital spirits: It provokes sweat, j from ill air, and pestilential fevers : it opens and is exceeding good in pestilential fevers,; obstructions of the liver, and helps such as ki health it withstands melancholy and j they say are liver-grown ; it eases pains in consumptions, and makes a merry, blithe, j the stomach, helps digestion, and eases such chearful creature. Of the extract you may * as have pains in their bones by ill lodging take ten grains at a time, or somewhat j abroad in the cold, it provokes appetite, more, if your body be not feverish, half j and is exceeding good for the yellow jaun- a spoonful of water is sudicient at a time, j dice, as also for prickings or stitches in the and that mixed with other cordials or medi- j sides : it provokes the menses, and expels cines appropriated to the disease that trou- both birth and placenta: it is naught for bles you. Aqua et Spiritus Lambricorwn, magistrate. Wo t-nr on/J Si runt P.:irtliwnrms pregnant women. If there be no fever, you may take a spoonful by itself; if there be, Or Water and Spirit of Earthworms. | you may, if you please, mix it with some College.] Take of Earthworms well > cooler medicine appropriated to the same cleansed, three pound, Snail with shells j use you would give it for. on their backs cleansed, two gallons, beat; them in a mortar, and put them into a con¬ venient vessel, adding stinging Nettles, roots and all, six handfuls, wild Angelica, Aqua Gilbertii. Or Gilbert’s Water. College .] Take of Scabious, Burnet, Dragons, Bawm, Angelica, Pimpernel, four handfuls, brank Ursine, seven liand- j with purple dowers, Tormentil, roots and fuls, Agrimony, Bettony, of each three \ all, of each two handfuls, let all of them, handfuls, Rue one handful, common Worm- i being rightly gathered and prepared, be wood two handfuls, Rosemary dowers six j steeped^ in four gallons of Canary Wine, ounces, Dock roots ten ounces, the roots of j still off three gallons in an alembick, to Sorrel dve ounces, Turmerick, the inner j which add three ounces of each of the bark of Barberries, of each four ounces, j cordial dowers, Clove-gilliflowers six Penugreck seeds two ounces. Cloves threei ounces, Saffron half an ounce, lurmcrick ounces, Hart’s-horn, Ivory in gross pow-;two ounces, Galanga, Bazil seeds, of each der of each f our ounces, Saffron three j one dram, Citron pills one ounce, the seed drams, small spirits of Wine four gallons j of Citrons and Carduus, Cloves of each and a half, after twenty-four hours infusion, j five ounces, Hart’s-horn four ounces, steep distil them in an alembick. Let the four‘them twenty four hours and then distil first pounds be reserved for spirit, the rest j them in Balneo Marine: to the distilled water for water. Iadd Pearls prepared, an . ounce and a . haIf > Culpeper.] ’Tis a mess altogether, it j red Coral, Crabs eyes, white Amber, of each may be they intended it for an universal j two drams, Crabs claws, six drams, Bezoar, medicine. i Ambergrease, of each two scruples, steep Aqua Gentiaius composites. ! them six weeks in the sun, in a vessel well Or Gentian Water compound. [stopped, often shaking it, then filter it, (you College .] Take of Gentain roots sliced,*may keep the powders for bpicord. temp.) ( 29 , 30 .) 4 288 THE COMPLETE HERBAL by mixing twelve ounces of Sugar candy, 5 leaves of Scordium four handfuls, old with six ounces of red Rose-water, and four j Venice Treacle, Mithridates, of each eight ounces of spirit of Cinnamon with it. jounces, Canary Wine twelve pounds, ■: Culpeper.] I suppose this was invented j Vinegar six pounds, juice of Lemons two for a cordial to strengthen the heart, to \ pounds, digest them two days, either in relieve languishing nature. It is exceed- 1 Horse-dung, or in a bath, the vessel being ing dear. I forbear the dose, they that \ close shut, then distil them in sand ; in the have money enough to make it themselves, \ distillation you may make a Theriacal ex- cannot want time to study both the virtues \ traction. and dose: I would have gentlemen to be s Culpeper J] This water is exceeding good studious. ! in all fevers, especially pestilential; it Aqua cordialis frigida Saxenice \ expels venomous humours by sweat; it College.'] Take of the juice of Borrage,! strengthens the heart and vitals ; it is an Bugloss, Bawm, Bistort, Tormentil, Scor- \ admirable counter-poison, special good for dium, Vervain, sharp-pointed Dock, Sorrel, \ such as have the plague, or are poisoned, or Goat’s Rue, Mirrhis, Blue Bottle great and j bitten by venomous beasts, and expels small, Roses, Marigolds, Lemon, Citrons, J virulent humours from such as have the of each three ounces, white Wine Vinegar \ venereal disease. If you desire to know one pound, Purslain seeds two ounces, j more virtues of it, see the virtues of Venice Citron and Carduus seeds, of each half an \ Treacle. The dose is from a spoonful to ounce, Water Lily flowers two ounces, j an ounce. the flowers of Borrage, Bugloss, Violets, j Aqua Brioniee composite. Clove-gilliflowers, of each one ounce, j Or Briony Water compound. Diatrion Sentalon six arams: let all of j College.] Take of the juice of Briony them, being rightly prepared, be infused j roots, four pounds, the leaves of Rue and three days, then distilled in a glass still: \ Mugwort, of each two pounds, dryed Savin to the distilled Liquor add earth of Lemnos, i three handfuls, Featherfew,. Nep, Penny- Siletia, and Samos, of each one ounce and j royal, of each two handfuls, Bazil, Dittany, an half, Pearls prepared with the juice of! of Crete, of each one handful and a half, Citrons, three drams, mix them, and keep I Orange pills four ounces, Myrrh two them together. \ ounces, Castoreufn one ounce, Canary Wine Culpeper.] It mightily cools the blood, j twelve pounds, digest them four days in a and therefore profitable in fevers, and all \ convenient vessel, then still them in Balneo liseases proceeding of heat of blood; it \ Maria: About the middle of the distilla- provokes sleep. You may take half an! tion strain it out, and make an Hysterical ounce at a time, or two drains if the party j extraction of the residue, be weak. j Culpeper.] A spoonftd of it taken, Aqua Theriacalis. j eases the fits of the mother in women that Or Treacle'Water. ; have them; it potently expels the after- College.] Take of the juice of green 1 birth, and clears the body of what a mid- Walnuts, four pounds, the juice of Ruei wife by lieedlessness or accident hath lelt three pounds, juice of Carduugs, Marigolds,! behind ; it cleanses the womb exceedingly, and Bawm, of each two pounds, green ! and for that I fancy it much, take not above Petasitis roots one pound and a half, the j a tasterful at a time, and then in the mor- roots of Burs one pound, Angelica and j ning fasting, for it is of a purging quality, Master-wort, of each half a pound, the j and let pregnant women forbear it. AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 289 Aqua Imperialis. \ Carduus water, in a glass, close stopped, Or Imperial Water. ! and set it in tliesun or bath for a fortnight, The College.'] Take of dried Citron, and \ often shaking it, then distil it in BatneoMaria. Orange pills, Nutmegs, Cloves, Cinnamon, \ Let the two first pounds be kept by them- of each two ounces, the roots of Cypress, \ selves for use, and the remainder of the dis- Orris, Florentine, Calamus Aromaticus, | filiation by itself: Lastly, mix one ounce of each one ounce, Zedoary Galanga, j of Julep of Alexandria, and a spoonful of Ginger, of each half an ounce, the tops of: Cinnamon water with each pound. Lavender and Rosemary, of each two | Culpeper.] Aqua Protheriacalis , signifies nandfuls, the leaves of Bay, Marjoram, j a water for Treacle; so then if you put Bavvm, Mints, Sage, Thyme, of each one j Diascoridum to it, it is a water for Diasco- handful, the flowers of white and Damask j ridum ; well then, we will take it for a Roses fresh, of each half a handful, Rose- j general water for all physick. water four pounds, white Wine eight pounds, j Aqua Capanis. let all of them be bruised and infused | Or Capon Water, twenty four hours, then distil them accord- * College .] Take a Capon the guts bring ing to art. j pulled out, cut in pieces, the fat being Culpeper.] You must distil it in a bath, j taken away, boiled in a sufllcleiit quantity and not in sand: It comforts and strengthens ? of spring-water in a close vessel, take of the heart against huntings and swoonings, j this broth three pounds. Borrage and and is held to be a preservative against Violet-water, of each a pound mid a half; consumptions and apoplexies. You may white Wine one pound, red rose leaves two take half a spoonful at a time. j drams and an half, the flowers of Borrage, Aqua Mirabilis. > Violets and Bugloss, of each one c(ram, Collepci] Take of Cloves, Galanga, \ pieces of bread, hot out of the oven, half Cubebs, Mace, Cardamoms, Nutmegs, j a pound, Cinnamon bruised, half an ounce, Ginger, of each one dram, Juice of Celan- \ distil it in a glass still according to art. dine half a pound, spirits of Wine one \ Culpeper.] The simples are most ot pound, white Wine three pounds, infuse 5 them appropriated to the heart, and m them twenty-four hours, and drawoff two \ truth the composition greatly nourishes and pounds with an alembick. j strengthens such as are in consumptions, Culpeper.] The simples also of this, I and restores lost strength, either by fevers regard the stomach, and therefore the water j or other sickness : It is a sovereign remedy heats cold stomachs, besides authors say it j for hectic fevers, and Marasmos, which preserves from apoplexies, and restores 1 is nothing else but a consumption coining lost speech. \ from them. Let such as are subject to Aqua Protheriacalis. \ these diseases, hold it for a jewel. College.] Take of Scordium, Scabius, | Aqua JJmacum Magistr. Carduus, Goat’s Rue, of each two handfuls, j Or Water of Snails. Citron and Orange pills, of each two ounces, 1 College.] Take of the juice of Ground the seeds of Citrons, Carduus, Hartwort, \ Ivy, Coll’s-foot, Scabious, Lungwort, of Treacle, Mustard, of each one ounce, the teach one pound and a half, the juice of flowers of Marigolds and Rosemary, of j Purslain, Plantain, Ambrosia, Paul’s Bet- each one handful, cut them, and bruise; tony, of each a pound, Hog’s blood, white them grossly, then infuse them in four! Wine, of each /our pounds, Garden SnuiJs, pounds of white Wine, and two pounds of; two pound, dried Tobacco leave? e*ght. i>90 THE COMPLETE HERBAL powder of Liquorice two ounces, of Ele¬ campane half an ounce, of Orris an ounce, Cotton seeds an ounce and a half, the greater cold seeds, Annis seeds of each six drams, Saffron one dram, the flowers of red Roses, six pugils, of Violets and Bor- rage, of each four pugils, steep them three days warm, and then distil them in a glass still, in sand. Culpeper. ] It purges the lungs of flegm and helps consumptions there. If you should happen to live where no better nor readier medicine can be gotten, you may use this. Aqua Scordii composita. Or Compound Water of Scordium. College. ] Take of the juice of Goat’s Rue, Sorrel, Scordium, Citrons, of each one pound, London Treacle, half a pound, steep it three days, and distil it in sand. Culpeper.'] A tasterful taken in the morning, preserves from ill airs. Aqua Marice. College.] Take of Sugar Candy a pound, Canary Wine six ounces, Rose Water four ounces ; boil it well into a Syrup, and add to it Imperial water two pounds, Amber- greese. Musk, of each eighteen grains, Saffron fifteen grains, yellow Sanders in¬ fused in Imperial water, two drams; make a clear water of it. Aqua Papaveries composita. Or Poppy Water compound. College.] Takeofred Poppies four pounds, sprinkle them with white Wine two pounds, then distil them in a common still, let the distilled water be poured upon fresh flowers and repeated three times; to which dis¬ tilled water add two Nutmegs sliced, red Poppy flowers a pugil, Sugar two ounces, set it in the sun to give it a pleasing sharp¬ ness ; if the sharpness be more than you would have it, put some of the same water to it which was not set in the sun, Aqua Jnglandium composita. Or Walnut Water compound College .J Take of • pound and an half. green Walnuts a Radish roots one | pound, green Asarabacca six ounces, Radish \ seeds, six ounces. Let all of them, being i bruised, be steeped in three pounds of white ! Wine for three days, then distilled in a j leaden still till they be dry. TINCTURES. Tinctura Croci. | Or Tincture of Saffron. College.] Take two drams of Saffron, | eight ounces of Treacle water, digest them \ six days, then strain it. 1 Culpeper.] See the virtues of Treacle | water, and then know that this strengthens j the heart something more, and keeps j melancholy vapours thence by drinking a j spoonful of it every morning. $ Tinctura Castorii. Or Tincture of Castoreum. College.] Take of Castoreum in powder half an ounce, spirit of Castoreum half a pound, digest them ten days cold, strain it, | and keep the Liquor for Tincture. | Culpeper.] A learned invention! ’Tis j omething more prevalent than the spirit. Tinctura Fragroram. Or Tincture of Strawberries. College.] Take of ripe Wood-straw- l berries two pounds, put them in a phial, and put so much small spirits of Wine to j them, that it may overtop them the thick- jness of four fingers, stop the vessel close, \ and set it in the sun two days, then strain \ it, and press it but gently ; pour this spirit \ to as many fresh Strawberries, repeat this 1 six times, at last keep the clear liquor for 1 your use. \ Culpeper.] A fine thing for Gentlemen : that have nothing else to do with their \ money, and it will have a lovely look to ^ please their eyes. AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 291 Tinctura Scordii. Or Tincture of Scordium. Anita Aluminosa Masistralis , Colleg siq ;e.J Take of Plantain and, red College.] Take of the leaves of Scor-^Rose water, of each a pound, roch Alum dium gathered in a dry time, half a pound, j and Sublimatum, of each two drams; let digest them in six pounds of small spirits of? the Alum and Sublimatum, being in pow- Wine, in a vessel well stopped, for three-der, boil in the waters, in a vessel with a days, press them out gently, and repeat the \ narrow mouth till half be consumed, when infusion three times, and keep the clarified \ it has stood five days, strain it. liquor for use. * So is made Tincture of Celandine, Rest- ( L • 1 1 - harrow, and Rosa-solis. . j PHYSICAL WINES. Culpeper.] See the herbs tor the vir-{ tues, and then take notice that these are j Viniim Absynthitis. better for cold stomachs, old bodies. ? Or Wormwood Wine. Tinctura Tlieriacalis vu/go Aqua Theriacalis j College.] Take a handful of Ludg. per inf us. Or Tincture of Treacle. a nanctrui or dried i Wormwood, for every gallon of Wine, stop | it in a vessel close, and so let it remain in College.] Take of Canary Wine often j steep: so is prepared wine of Rosemary times distilled, Vinegar in which half an j flowers, and Eye-bright, ounce of Rue seeds have been boiled, two? Culpeper A] It helps cold stomachs, pounds choice treacle, the best Mithridate, j breaks wind, helps the wind cholic, of each half a pound ; mix them and set j strengthens the stomach, kills worms, and them in the sun, or heat of a bath, digest \ helps the green sickness, them, and keep the water for use. ? Rosemary-flower Wine, is made after the ? same manner. It is good against all cold consumes flegm, Tinctura Cinnamoni, vulgo, Aqua Claret a Cinnam. j diseases of the head, Or Tincture of Cinnamon. ? strengthens the gums and teeth. College.] Take of bruised Cinnamon? Eye-bright Wine is made after the same two ounces, rectified spirits of Wine two {manner. It wonderfully clears the sight pounds, infuse them four days in a large \ being drank, and revives the sight of elderly glass stopped with cork and bladder, shake j men : A cup of it in the morning is worth it twice a day, then dissolve half a pound | a pair of spectacles. of Sugar Candy by itself in two pounds of j All other Wines are prepared ill the same Rose water, mix both liquors, into which j manner. hang a nodule containing, Ambergris half? The best way of taking any of these a scruple, Musk four grains. Tinctura Viridis. Or a green Tincture. College.] Take of Verdigris, half an \ the virtues of which you desire ; and make ounce, Auripigmentum six drams, Alum jit and take it in the same manner, three drams, boil them in a pound of white \ Vinurn Cerassoritm Kigrorwn. Wine till half be consumed, adding, after it ? Or Wine of Black Cherries, is cold, the water of red Roses, and Night-I College.] Take a gallon of Black Cherries, shade, of each six ounces. {keep it in a vessel close stopped till it Culpeper.] This was made to cleanse j begin to work, then filter it, and an ounce ulcers, but I fancy it not. 5 of Sugar being added to every pound, let (29, 39.) 4 f ? Wines is, to drink a draught of them every ? morning. You may, if you find your body old or cold, make Wine of any other herb, 292 THE COMPLETE HERBAL. it pass through Hippocrates’ sleeve, and keep in a vessel close stopped for use. Vinum Helleboratum. Or Helleborated Wine. College.'] Take of white Hellebore cut small, four ounces, Spanish Wine two pounds, steep it in the sun in a phial close | stopped, in the dog days, or other hot* weather. Vinum Rubellum. and when it hath stood so four days, out the Squill. The virtues of this are the same | Vinegar of Squills, only it is hotter. take with PHYSICAL VINEGARS. Acetum distillatum. Or distilled Vinegar.- College.] Take of Stibium, in powder,! College.] Fill a glass or stone alembick one ounce, Cloves sliced two drams, Claret | with the best Vinegar to the third part, Wine two pounds, keep it in a phial close \ separate the flegm with a gentle fire, then s h uli \ encrease the fire by degrees, and perform Vimim Benedictum. \ the work. College.] Take of Crocus Metallorum, | Acetum Bosanim. in powder, one ounce, Mace one dram, 5 Or Rose Vinegar. Spanish Wine one pound and an half, steep \ College.] Takeof red Rose buds, gathered it. ; in a dry time, the whites cut off, dried in Vinum Antimomale. ; the shade three or four days, one pound, Or Antimonial Wine. \ Vinegar eight sectaries, set them in the sun College.] Take of Regulus of Antimony,: forty days, then strain out the Roses, and in powder, four ounces, steep it in three repeat the infusion with fresh ones, poundsof white Wine in a glass well stopped,After the same manner is made Vinegar after the first shaking let the Regulus settle. | of Elder flowers, Rosemary flowers, and Culpeper.] These last mentioned are: Clove-gillitlowers. vomits, and vomits are fitting medicines fori Culpeper. J For the virtues of all Vine- but a few, the mouth being ordained to 1 gars, take this one only observation, They take in nourishment, not to cast out ex-; carry the same virtues with the flowers crements, and to regulate a man’s body in j whereof they are made, only as we said of vomiting; and doses of vomits require a j Wines, that they were better for cold bodies deeper study in physic, than 1 doubt the; then the bare simples whereof they are generality of people yet have; I omit it j made; so are Vinegars for hot bodies, therefore at this time, not because I grudge ; Besides, Vinegars are often, nay, most com- it my country, but because I would not j monly used externally, viz. to bathe the willingly have them do themselves a mis-; place, then look amongst the simples, and chief, I shall shortly teach them in Avhat 1 see what place of the body the simple is diseases vomits may be used, and then, and j appropriated to, and you cannot but know not till then, the use of vomits. | both what Vinegar to use, and to what place Vinum Scillkicum. \ to apply it. Or Wine of Squills. j Acetum Scilliticum. College.] Take of a white Squill of the 1 Or Vinegar of Squils. mountains, gathered about the rising of the; College.] Take of that part of ihe Squill dog star, cut it in thin pieces, and dried for | which is between the outward bark and the a month, one pound, put it in a glass bottle, \ bottom, cut in thin slices, and placed thirty and pour to it eight pounds of French Wine, \ or forty days in the sun or some remiss- AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 293 heat, then a pound of them (being cut! dram, Saffron three drams, of these let the small with a knife made of ivory or some j Saffron, Hart’s-horn, Dittany, and Bole, white wood) being put in a vessel, and six j be. tied up in a rag, and steeped with the pounds of Vinegar put to them; set the ves- j things before mentioned, in five pints of sel, being close stopped, in the sun thirty or j Vinegar, for certain days by a temperate forty days, afterwards strain it, and keep it j beat in a glass well stopped, strain it, and for use. > add six drams of the best Treacle to it, Culpeper .] A little of this medicine j shake it together, and keep it for your use. being taken in the morning fasting, and 1 walking half an hour after, preserves the body in health, to extreme old age, (as Sanius tried, who using no other medicine but this, lived in perfect health till one hundred and seventeen years of age) it .1 cetum 7 li eria cale. Or Treacle Vinegar. College .] Add to the description of Treacle water, Clove-gilliflowers two ounces, Lavender flowers an ounce and a half, Rose, and Elder flower Vinegar, of each makes the digestion good, a long wind, | four pounds, digest it without boiling, three a clear voice, an acute sight, a good colour.! days, then strain it through Hippocrates' it suffers no offensive thing to remain in the « sleeve. body, neither wind, flegm, choler, rnelan-j Culpeper.] See Treacle Water for the choly, dung, nor urine, but brings-.them j: virtues, only this is more cool, a little more forth; it brings forth filth though it lie in fantastical. * o O'] the bones, it takes away salt and sourji belchings, though a man be never so been- tious in diet, he shall feel no harm: It hath cured such as have the phthisic, that have : been given over by all Physicians : It cures ; such as have the falling sickness, gouts, and * diseases and swellings of the joints: It takes DECOCTIONS. Dccoctum commune pro clystere. Or a common Decoction for a Clyster. College.'] Take of Mallows, Violets, away the hardness of the liver and spleen, f Pellitory, Beets, and Mercury, Chamomel We should never have done if we should £ flowers, of each one handful, sweet Fennel reckon up the particular benefits of this | seeds half an ounce, Linseeds two drams, medicine: Therefore we commend it as a \ boil them in a sufficient quantity of corn- wholesome medicine for soundness of £ mon water to a pound, body, preservation of health, and vigour of I Culpeper .] This is . the common decoc- mind. Thus Galen. Acetum Theriacale , Norimberg. Or Treacle Vinegar. * tion for all clysters, according to the qua- ity of the humour abounding, so you may add what Simples, or Syrups, or Electuaries College.] Take of the roots of Celandine | you pleaseonly half a score Linseeds, the greater, one ounce and a half: the roots f and a handful of Chamomel flowers are of Angelica, Masterwort, Gentian, Bistort, \ added. Valerian, Burnet, white Dittany, Elecam 1 Decoctitm Epyfhimi. pane, Zedoary, of each one dram, of Plan- i Or a Decoction of Epithimum. tain the greater one dram and a half, the j College.] Take of Myrobalans, Chebs, leaves of Mousear, Sage, Scabious, Scor- \ and Inds, of each half an ounce, Stoechas, dium, Dittany of Crete, Carduus, of each j llaisins of the sun stoned, Epithimum, half an handful, barks and seeds of Citrons, ; Senna, of each one ounce, Fumitory half of each half a dram, Bole Amoniac one \ an ounce, Maudlin five drams, Polipodiuin 294 THE COMPLETE HERBAL six drams, Turbith half an ounce, Whey j Decoctwn Trumaticum. made with Goat’s milk, or Heifer’s milk four j College .] Take of Agrimony, Mugwort, pounds, let them all boil to two pounds, wild Angelica, St. John’s Wort, Mousear, the Epithimum excepted, which boil but lot each two handfuls, Wormwood half a a second or two, then take it from the fire, \ handful, Southernwood, Bettony, Bugloss, and add black Hellebore one dram and j Comfrey the greater and lesser, hoots and an half, Agerick half a dram, Sal. Gem. \ all, Avens, both sorts of Plantain, Sanicle, one dram and an half, steep them ten hours, j Tormentil with the roots, the buds of Bar- then press it strongly out. j berries and Oak, of each a handful, all Culpeper.] It purges melancholy, as j these being gathered in May and June also choler, it resists madness, and all $ and diligently dried, let them be cut and diseases coming of melancholy, and there-1 put up in skins or papers against the time fore let melancholy people esteem it as a j of use, then take of the forenamed herbs jewel. ; three handfuls, boil them in four pounds of Dvcoctum Semi re Gereonis. 1 conduit water and two pounds of white Or a Decoction of Senna. 1 Wine gently till half be consumed, strain it, College.'] Take of Senna two ounces, j and a pound of Honey being-added to it, Pollipodium half an ounce, Gmger one j Jet it be scummed and kept for use. dram, Raisins of the Sun stoned twoj Culpeper.] If sight of a medicine will ounces, Sebestens, Prunes, of each twelve, \ do you good, this is as like to do it as any the flowers of Borrage, Violets, Roses, and \ I know. Rosemary, of each two drams, boil them in \ four pounds of water till half be consumed, j Culpeper.] It is a common Decoction j for any purge, by adding other simples or; compounds to it, according to the quality j of the humour you would have purged,! yet, in itself, it chiefly purges melancholy, i Decoctum Pectorale. ; Ora Pectoral Decoction. SYRUPS. ALTERING SYRUPS. w. __ _ _ _ | Culpeper.] Reader, before we begin College.] Take of Raisins of the sun ; with the particular Syrups, I think good to stoned, an ounce, Sebestens, Jujubes, of j advertise thee of these few things, which each fifteen, Dates six, Figs four, French ; concern the nature, making, and useofSyrups Barley one ounce, Liquorice half an ounce, s in general. 1. A Syrup is a medicine of Maiden-hair, Hyssop, Scabious, Colt’s-foot, j a liquid body, compounded of Decoction, of each one handful, boil them in three 1 Infusion, or Juice, with Sugar or Honey, pounds of water till two remain. * and brought by the heat of the fire, into Culpeper.] The medicine is chiefly ap- \ the thickness of Honey. 2. Because all propriated to the lungs, and therefore! Honey is not of a thickness, understand causes a clear voice, a long wind, resists j new Honey, which of all other is thinnest, coughs, hoarseness, asthmas, &c. Youj3 . The reason why Decoctions, Infusions, may drink a quarter of a pint of it every: Juices, are thus used, is, Because thereby, morning, without keeping to any diet, for! First, They will keep the longer. Secondly, it purges not. ! They will taste the better. 4. In boiling I shall quote some Syrups fitting to be'; Syrups have a great care of their just con- mixed with it ; when I come to the Syrups. ! sistence, for if you boil them too much AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 295 l . „ m they will candy, if too little, they will sour. \ Syrupus de Acetosus simplex. 5. All simple Syrups have the virtues of j Or Syrup of Vinegar simple, the simples they are made of, and are far* College.] Take of clear Water four more convenient for weak people, and \ pounds, white Sugar five pounds, boil them delicate stomachs. , j in a glazed vessel over a gentle fire, scum- Syrupus de Absinthjo simptex. \ ming it till half the water be consumed, then Or Syrup of Wormwood simple. Iby putting in two pounds of white Wine The College.] Take of the clarified Juice j Vinegar by degrees, perfect the Syrup, of common Wormwood, clarified Sugar, of j Culpeper.] That is, only melt the Sugar each four pounds, make it into a Syrup ac-t with the Vinegar over the fire, scum it, but cording to art. After the same manner, j boil it not. are prepared simple Syrups of Betony, 1 Syrupus Acetosus simplicior. Borrage, Bugloss, Carduus, Chamomel, j Or Syrup of Vinegar more simple. Succory, Endive, Hedge-mustard, Straw-j College.] Take of white Sugar five berries, Fumitory, Ground Ivy, St. John's j pounds, white Wine Vinegar two°pounds, Wort, Hops, Mercury, Mousear, Plantain,; by melting it in a bath, make it into a Apples, Purslain, Rasberries, Sage, Scabi- \ Syrup. ous, Scordium, Houseleek, Colt’s-foot, * Culpeper.] Of these two Syrups let every Paul's Bettony, and other Juices not sour. \ one use which he finds by experience to be Culpeper.] See the simples, ''and then j best; the difference is but little. They you may easily know both their virtues, and 1 both of them cut flegm, as also tough, also that they are pleasanter and fitter for! hard viscous humours in the stomach; they delicate stomachs when they are made into j cool the body, quench thirst, provoke urine, Syrups. i and prepare the stomach before the taking Syrupus de Absinthio Compositus. 1 of a vomit. If you take it as a preparative Or Syrup of Wormwood compound. j for an emetic, take half an ounce of it when College.] Take of common Wormwood* you go to bed the night before you intend meanly dry, half a pound, red Roses two \ it to operate, it will work the easier, but if for ounces, Indian Spikenard three drams, j any of the foregoing occasions, take it with old white Wine, juice of Quinces, of each i a liquorice stick, two pounds and an half, steep them a whole ; Syrupus Acetosus compositus. day in an earthen vessel, then boil them j Or Syrup of Vinegar compound, gently, and strain it, and by adding two j College.] Take of the roots of Smallage, pounds of sugar, boil it into a Syrup accord-; Fennel, Endive, of each three ounces, the ing to art. ; seeds of Annis, Smallage, Fennel, of each Culpeper.] Mesne is followed verbatim \ one ounce, of Endive half an ounce, clear in this; and the receipt is appropriated to; Watersix pounds, boil it gently in aiibarthen cold and flegmatic stomachs, and it is an j vessel till half the water be consumed, then admirable remedy for it, for it strengthens \ strain and clarify it, and with three pounds both stomach and liver, as also the instru- \ of Sugar, and a pouhd and a half of white ments of concoction, a spoonful taken in* Wine Vinegar, boil it into a Syrup, the morning, is admirable for such as have \ Culpeper.] This in my opinion is a a weak digestion, it provokes an appetite to I gallant Syrup for such whose bodies ar» one’s victuals, it prevails against the yellow ^ stuffed either with flegm, or tough humours, jaundice, breaks wind, purges humours by * for it opens obstructions or stoppings both urine. 5 of the stomach, liver, spleen, and reins, (29, 30.) 4 g 235 THE COMPLETE HERBAL it cuts and brings away tough flegm and \ four hours in three ounces of white Wine, choler, and is therefore a special remedy \ Radish and Fumitory water, of each two for such as have a stuffing at their stomach. \ pounds, then boil it away to one pound Syrupus de Agno Casto. j eight ounces, let it settle, in four ounces of Or Syrup of Agnus Castas. $ which, whilst it is warm, dissolve by itself College.'] Take of the seeds of Rue and | Gum Ammoniacum, first dissolved in white Hemp, ' > of each half a dram, of Endive, \ Wine Vinegar, two ounces, boil the rest Lettice, Purslain, Gourds, Melons, of each \ with a pound and an half of white sugar two drams, of Fleawort half an ounce, of | into a Syrup, adding the mixtures of the A funis Castus four ounces, the flowers of \ Gum at the end. Water Lilies, the leaves of Mints, of each; Culpeper .] It cools the liver, and opens half a handful, decoction of seeds of Lentils,; obstructions both of it and the spleen, helps and Coriander seeds, of each half an ounce, i old surfeits, and such like diseases, as scabs, three pounds of the decoction, boil them! itch, leprosy, and what else proceed from all over a gentle fire till two pounds be con- ! the liver over heated. You may take an sumed, add to the residue, being strained, \ ounce at a time., two ounces of juice of Lemons, a pound! Syrupus de Artemisia. and a half of white sugar, make it into a j Or Syrup-of Mugwort. Syrup according to art." \ College .] Take of Mugwort two hand- Culpeper.] A pretty Syrup, and good for f fills, Pennyroyal, Calaminth, Origanum, little. i Bawm, Arsmart, Dittany' of Crete, Savin, Syrupus de Alt her a. \ Marjoram, Germander, St. John's Wort, Or Syrup of Marsh-mallows. ! Camepitis, Featherfew with the flowers. College.'] Take of roots of Marsh-mal- \ Centaury the less, Rue, Bettony, Bugloss, lows, two ounces, the roots of Grass Aspara-; of each a handful, the roots of Fennel, gus, Liquorice, Raisins of the Sun stoned,! Smallage, Parsley, Sparagus, Bruscus, of each half an ounce, the tops of Mallows, j Saxifrage, Elecampane, Cypress, Madder, Marsh-mallows, Pellitory of the Wall,!Orris, Peony, of each an ounce, Juniper Burnet, Plantain, Maiden-hair white and j Berries, the seeds of Lovage, Parsley, black, of each a handful, red Cicers ant Smallage, Annis, Nigella, Carpobalsamum ounce, of the four greater and four lesser; or Cubebs, Costus, Cassia Lignea, Carda- cold seeds, of each three drams, boil them j moms, Calamus Aromaticus, the roots, of in six pounds of clearWater till fourremain, \ Asarabacca, Pellitory of Spain, Valerian, which being strained, boil into a syrup with \ of each half an ounce, being cleansed, cut, four pounds of white sugar. \ and bruised, let them be infused twenty- Culpeper.] It is a fine cooling, opening,; four hours in fourteen pounds of clearwater, slipery Syrup,and chiefly commendable for; and boiled till half be consumed, being the cholic, stone, or gravel, in the kidneys \ taken off from the fire, and rubbed between or bladder. ! your hands whilst it is warm, strain it, and Syrupus de Ammoiiiaca. ; with honey and sugar, of each two pounds, Or Syrup of Ammoniacum. \ sharp Vinegar fourounces, boil it toa Syrup, College.] Take of Maudlin and Cetraoh, j and perfume it with Cinnamon and Spike- of each four handfuls, common Wormwood Snard, of each three drams, an ounce, the roots of Succory, Sparagus, I Culpeper.] It helps the passion of the bark of Caper roots, of each two ounces, \ matrix, and retains it in its place, it dis- after due preparation steep them twenty- ^solves the coldness, wind, and pains thereof: AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 297 it strengthens the nerves, opens the ppres, ! juundice. You may take them with a corrects the blood, it corrects and provoke* jXiquorice stick, or take a spoonful in the the menses. You may take a spoonful of i Atorning fasting, it at a time. . \ Syrujms Botryos. Syrupus de Betonica compositus. ; \ ■ Or Syrup of Oak of Jerusalem. Or Syrup of Bettony compound, j, ; College.] Take of Oak of Jerusalem, College.'] Take of Bettony three nand-j J ledge-mustard, Nettles, of each two hand¬ fuls, Marjoram four handfuls and a half,* fids, ColtVfoot, one handful and a half, Thyme,red Roses,of each a handful, Violets, | hoi! them in a sufficient quantity of clear Stoechas, Sage, of each half a handful, the! water till half be consumed ; to two pounds seeds of Fennel, Annis, and Annni, of each j of the Decoction, add two pounds of the half an ounce, the roots of Peons, Poly-j Juice of Turnips baked in an oven in a podium, and Fennel, of each five drams, • close pot, and with three pounds of white boil them in six pounds of river water, to j sugar, boil it into a Syrup, three pounds, strain it, and add juice ofj Culpeper .] This Syrup was composed Bettony two pounds, sugar three pounds j against coughs, shortness of breath, and and a half, make it into a Syrup. i other the like infirmities of the breast pro- Culpeper.] It helps diseases coming of] cqeding of cold, for which (if you can get cold, both in the head and stomach, as also lit) you may takc.it with a Liquorice stick, such as come of wind, vertigos, madness ; j . Syrupus CapWormn Veneris. ' . it concocts melancholy, it provokes t|iec Or Syrup of Maiden-hair, menses, and so doth the simple Syrup more 1 College.] ■ Take olf Liquorice two ounces, than the compound. ^ Maiden-hair five otfnces, steep them ’ a Syrupus Byzanthius, simple. J.natural day in four pounds of’warm water, College.] Take of the Juice of the leaves \ then after gentle boiling, and strong strain- of Endive and Smallage, of each two pounds, fing, with a pound and a half of fine sugar of Hops and Bugioss, of each one pound, j make it into a Syrup, boil them together and scum them, and to \ Culpeper.] It opens stoppings of the the clarified liquor, add four pounds of| stomach, strengthens the lungs, and helps white sugar, to as much of the juices, and \ the infirmities of them. This may be taken with a gentle fire boil it to a Syrup. j also either with.a Liquorice stick, or mixed Syrupus Byzantinus , compound. | with the Pectoral Decoctibn like Syrup of College.] Take of the Juices so ordered j Coltsfoot, as in the former, four pounds, in which boWl Syrujms Cardiacus , tel Julcpum Curdiciciim, red Roses, two ounces, Liquorice half an i Or a Cordial Syrup, ounce, the seeds of Annis, Fennel, and! College.] Take of Rhenish Wine two Smallage, of each three drams, Spikenard 1 pounds, Rose Water two ounces and a half, two drams, strain it, and to the three pounds | Cloves two scruples, Cinnamon half a remaining, add two pounds of Vinegar, j dram, Ginger two scruples', Sugar three four pounds of Sugar, make it into a syrup j ounces and a half, boil it to the consistence according to art. i of a Julep, adding Ambergris three Culpeper.] They both of them (viz. j grains, Musk one grain. . ' , . both Simple and Compound) open stopp-| Culpeper.] If you would have tBiA Julep ings of the stomach, liver, and spleen, help | keep long, you may ;put in sugar, the rickets in children, cut and bring j and vet. if close stopped, ithfillnoV easily ellow > corrupt because it is made up onD of Wine; awaj r tough flegm, and help the yellow j corrupt 293 THE COMPLETE HERBAL indeed the wisest way is to order the quan¬ tity of sugar according to the palate of him that takes it. It restores such as are in consumptions, comforts the heart, cherishes the drooping spirits, and is of an opening quality, thereby carrying away those vapours which might otherwise annoy the brain and heart: You may take an ounce at a time, or two if you please. Syrupus infusionis forum Cariophillorum . Or Syrup of Clove-gilliflowers. College.'] Take a pound of Clove-gilli¬ flowers, the whites being cut off, infuse them a whole night in two pounds of water, then with four pounds of sugar melted in it, make it into a Syrup without boiling. Culpeper.] This Syrup is a fine tem¬ perate Syrup: it strengthens the heart, liver, and stomach; it refreshes the vital spirits, and is a good cordial in fevers ; and usually mixed with other cordials, you can hardly err in taking it, it is so harm¬ less a Syrup i Syrupus de Cinnamomo. Or Syrup of Cinnamon. College.] Take of Cinnamon grossly bruised, four ounces, steep it in white Wine, and small Cinnamon Water, of each half a pound, three days, in a glass, by a gentle neat; strain it, and with a pound and a half of sugar, boil it gently to a Syrup. Culpeper.] It refreshes the vital spirits exceedingly, and cheers both heart and stomach languishing through cold, it helps digestion exceedingly, and strengthens the whole body. You may take a spoonful at a time in a cordial. College. 3 Thus also you may con¬ veniently prepare Syrups (but only with white Wine,) of Annis seeds, sweet Fennel seeds, Cloves, Nutmegs, Ginger, See Syrupus AcetositatAs Citriorwn. Or Syrup of Juice of Citrons. College.] Take of the Juice of Citrons, strained without expression, and cleansed, ! a pound, Sugar two pounds, make it into | a Syrup like Syrup of Clove-gilliflowers. Culpeper.] It prevails against all dis- \ eases proceeding from choler, or heat of I blood, fevers, both pestilential, and not ? pestilential; it resists poison, cools the I blood, quenches thirst, cures the vertigo, | or dizziness in the head. \ College.] After the same manner is j made Syrups of Grapes, Oranges, Bar- j berries, Cherries, Quinces, Lemons, Wood- | sorrel, Mulberries, Sorrel, English Currants, $and other sour Juices, j Culpeper.] If you look the simples you \ may see the virtues of them: they all cool land comfort the heart, and strengthen the \ stomach, Syrup of Quinces stays vomiting, ! so doth all Syrup of Grapes. \ Syrupus Corticum Citriorum. Or Syrup of Citron Pills, j College. 1 Take of fresh yellow Citron Pills five ounces, the berries of Chermes, or the juice of them brought over to us two drams, Spring Water four pounds, \ steep them all night, boil them till half be | consumed, taking off the scum, strain it, | and with tWo pounds and a half of sugar \ boiled it into a Syrup: let half of it be | without Musk, but perfume the other hall \ with three grains of Musk tied up in a rag. Culpeper.] It strengthens the stomach, i resists poison, strengthens the heart, and ? resists the passions thereof, palpitation, \ faintings, swoonings; it strengthens the j vital spirits, restores such as are in con- \ sumptions, and hectic fevers, and strengthens | nature much. You may take a spoonful \ at a time. | Syrupus e Coralliis simplex . | Or Syrup of Coral simple. College.] Take of red Coral in very fine powder four ounces, dissolve it in clarified juice of Barberries in the heat of a bath, \ a pound, in a glass well stopped with wax | and cork, a digestion being made three or | four days, pour off what is dissolved# piut AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 299 in fresh clarified juice, and proceed as be- i take a spoonful of it before meat, for fore, repeat this so often till all the coral j vomiting after meat, for both, as also for be dissolved; lastly, to one pound of this | the rest, in the morning, juice add a pound and a half of sugar, and ; Syrupus de Erysimo. boil it to a Syrup genlly. ;** Or Syrup of Hedge-mustard. Syrupus e Coralliis compositus. { College .] Take of Hedge-mustard, fresh, Or Syrup of Coral compound. j six handfuls, the roots of Elecampane, College .] Take of red Coral six ounces, \ Colt’s-foot, Liquorice, of each two ounces, in very fine powder, and levigated upon j Borrage, Succory, Maiden-hair, of each a a marble, add of clarified juice of Lemons, i handful and a half, the cordial flowers, the flegm being drawn off in a bath, sixteen | Rosemary and Bettony, of each half a hand- ounces, clarified juice of Barberries, eight j ful, Annis seeds half an ounce, Raisins of ounces, sharp white Wine Vinegar, and juice j the sun stoned, two ounces, let all of them, of Wood-sorrel, of each six ounces, mix them $ being prepared according to art, be boiled together, and put them in a glass stopped j in a sufficient quantity of Barley Water with cork and bladder, shaking it every j and Hydromel, with six ounces of juice of day till it have digested eight days in a Hedge-mustard to two pounds and a half, bath, or horse dung, then filter it, of which the which, with three pounds of sugar, boil take a pound and a half, juice of Quinces j it into a Syrup according to art. half a pound, sugar of Roses twelve ounces, I Culpeper.'] It was invented against make them into a Syrup in a bath, adding! cold afflictions of the breast and lungs, as Syrup of Clove-gilliflowers sixteen ounces, * asthmas, hoarseness, &c. You may take keep it for use, omitting the half dram of j it either with a Liquorice stick, or which is Ambergris, and four grains of Musk { better, mix an ounce of it with three or till the physician command it. | four ounces of Pectoral Decoction, and Culpeper .] Syrup of ("oral both simple j drink it off warm in the morning, and compound, restore such as are in con- ? Syrupus de Fumaria . sumptions, are of a gallant cooling nature, j Or Syrup of Fumitory, especially the last, and very cordial, good | College.] Take of Endive, common for hectic fevers, it stops fluxes, the run-l Wormwood, Hops, Dodder, Hart's-tongue, ning of the reins, and the Fluor Albus, helps | of each a handful, Epithimum an ounce such as spit blood, and such as have the {and a half, boil them in four pounds of falling-sickness, it stays the menses. Half j water till half be consumed, strain it, and a spoonful in the morning is enough. i add the juice of Fumitory a pound and a Syrupus Cydoniorum. j half, of Borrage and Bugloss, of each half Or Syrup of Quinces. j a pound, white sugar four pounds, make College .] Take of the Juice of Quinces j them into a Syrup according to art. clarified six pounds, boil it over a gentle fire j Culpeper. J The receipt is a pretty con- till half of it be consumed, scumming it, \ cocter of melancholy, and therefore a adding red Wine three pounds, white sugar 1 rational help for diseases arising thence, four pounds, boil it into a Syrup, to be per- j both internal and external, it helps diseases fumed with a dram and a half of Cinnamon, j of the skin, as Leprosies, Cancers, Warts, Cloves and Ginger, of each two scruples. \ Corns, Itch, Tetters, Ringworms, Scabs, &c. Culpeper.] It strengthens the heart and \ and it is the better to be liked, because of stomach, stays looseness and vomiting, j its gentleness. It helps surfeits exceedingly, relieves languishing nature: for looseness, {cleanses, cools, and strengthens the liver, (29, 30.) 4 ii 300 THE COMPLETE HERBAL and causes it to make good blood, and good ; blood cannot make bad flesh. I commend this receipt to those whose bodies are sub¬ ject to scabs and itch. If you please you may take two ounces by itself every morn¬ ing Syrupus de Glycyrrhiza. \ Or Syrup of Liquorice. \ College .] Take of green Liquorice, j scraped and bruised, two ounces, white j Maiden-hair an ounce, dryed Hyssop half j an ounce, steep these in four pounds of hot j water, after twenty-four hours, boil it till j half be consumed, strain it, and claiify it,; and with Honey, Penids, and Sugar, of each \ eight ounces, make it into a Syrup, adding,; before it be perfectly boiled, red Rose; Water six ounces. \ Culpeper .] It cleanses the breast and \ lungs, and helps continual coughs and; pleurisies. V ou may take it with a: Liquorice stick, or add an ounce of it or j more to the Pectoral Decoction. Syrupus Granotorum cum Ace to ; vulgo , Oxysaccharum simplex. Or Syrup of Pomegranates with Vinegar.: College.'] Take of white sugar a pound and a half, juice of Pomegranates eight ounces, white Wine Vinegar four ounces, boil it gently into a Syrup. 'Culpeper.'] Look the virtues of Pome¬ granates among the simples. Si/rupus de Hyssopo. Or Syrup of Hyssop. College.] Take eight pounds of Spring Water, half an ounce of Barley, boil it about half an hour, then add the Roots of Smallagc, Parsley, Fennel, Liquorice, of each ten drams, Jujubes, Sebestens, of each fifteen, Raisins of the sun stoned, an ounce and a half. Figs, Dates, of each ten, the seeds of Mallows and Quinces, Gum Tra- gacanth tied up in a rag, of each three drams. Hyssop meanly dryed, ten drams, Maiden-hair six drams, boil them together, yet so, that the roots may precede the fruits, the fruits the seeds, and the seeds the herbs, about a quarter of an hour ; at last, five pounds of water being consumed, boil the other three (being first strained and clari¬ fied) into a Syrup with two pounds and a half of sugar. Culpeper .} It mightily strengthens the breast and lungs, causes long wind, clears the voice, is a good remedy against coughs Use it like the Syrup of Liquorice. Syrupus lire urthriticcc , sire Charruepityos. Or Syrup of Chamepitys. College.] Take of Chamepitys, two hand¬ fuls, Sage, Rosemary, Poley Mountain, Origanum, Calaminth, wild Mints, Penny¬ royal, Hyssop, Thyme, Rue, garden and wild, Bettony, Mother of Thyme, of each a handful, the roots of Acorns, Birthwort long and round, Briony, Dittany, Gentian, Hog’s Fennel, Valerian, of each half an ! ounce, the roots of Sinallage, Asparagus, I Fennel, Parsley, Bruscus, of each an ounce, : Pellitory of Spain, an ounce and a half, iStcechas, the seeds of Annis, Ammi, Cara- ■ way, Fennel, Lovage, Harlwort, of each j three drams, Raisins of the sun two ounces, ; boil them in ten pounds of water to four, : to which add honey and sugar, of each two j pounds, make it into a Syrup to be per- | fumed with Sugar, Nutmegs, and ubebs, ; of each three drams. \ Syrupus Jujubinus. I Or Syrup of Jujubes. | College. j Take of Jujubes, Violets, five | drains, Maiden-hair, Liquorice, French \ Barley, of each an ounce, the seeds of | Mallows five drams, the seeds of white I Poppies, Melons, Lettice, (seeds of Quinces | and Gum Tragacanth tied up in a rag) 1 of each three drams, boil them in six \ pounds of rain or spring water till half be consumed, strain it, and with two pounds of sugar make it into a Syrup. Culpeper.] It is a fine cooling Syrup, very available in coughs, hoarseness, and pleurisies, ulcers of the lungs and bladder, AN1) ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 301 as also in all inflammations whatsoever. You may take a spoonful of it once in three or four hours, or if you please take it with a Liquorice stick. Si/rupus de Mecomo , site Diacodium. Or Syrup of Meconium, or Diacodium. College!] Take of white Poppy heads with their seeds, gathered a little after the flowers are fallen off, and kept three days, eightounces, black Poppy heads (so ordered) six ounces, rain Water eight pounds, steep them twenty-four hours, then boil and press them gently, boil it to three pounds, and with twenty-four ounces of sugar boil it into a Syrup according to art. Syrupus de Mecomo compositus. Or Syrup of Meconium compound. College .] Take of white and black Poppy heads with their seeds, fifty drams, Maiden-hair fifteen drams, Jujubes thirty, the seeds of Lettice, forty drams, of Mal¬ lows and Quinces tied up in a rag, a dram and a half, Liquorice five drams, water eight pounds, boil it according to art, strain it, and to three pounds of Decoction add Sugar and Penids, ol each one pound, make it into a Syrup. Culpeper .] Meconium is nothing else but the juice of English Poppies boiled till it be thick : It prevails against dry coughs, phthisicks, hot and sharp gnawing rheums, and provokes sleep. It is an usual fashion for nurses when they have heated their milk by exercise or strong liquor (no marvel then if their children be fro ward) then run for Syrup of Poppies, to make their young ones sleep. I would fain have that fashion left, therefore I forbear the dose; let nurses keep their own bodies temperate, and their children will sleep well enough, never fear. Syrupus Melissophylli. Or Syrup of Bawm. College .J Take of the Bark of Bugloss roots, an ounce, the roots of white Dittany, Cinquefoil, Scorzoneru, of each half an | ounce, the leaves of Bawm, Scabious, \ Devil’s-bit, the flowers of both sorts of \ Bugloss, and Rosemary, of each a handful, \ the seeds of Sorrel, Citrons, Fennel, Car- \ duus, Bazil, of each three drams, boil them jin four pounds of water till half be con- | sumed, strain it, and add three pounds of \ white sugar, juice of Bawm and Rose | Water, of each half a pound, boil them to \ a Syrup, the which perfume with Cinnamon | and yellow Sanders, of each half an ounce, j Culpeper.'] It is an excellent cordial, land strengthens the heart, breast, and j stomach, it resists melancholy, revives the j spirits, is given with good success in fevers, 'it strengthens the memory, and relieves | languishing nature. You may take a spoon- \ full of it at a time. | Syrupus de Menlha. 1 Or Syrup of Mints, t College.] Take of the juices of Quinces : sweet and between sweet and sour, the juice j of Pomegranates sweet, between sweet and j sour, and sour, of each a pound and a half, ulricd Mints half .a pound, red Roses two i ounces, let them lie in steep one day, then | boil it half away, and with four pounds of j sugar boil it into a Syrup according to art: j perfume it not unless the Physicians com- \ mand. Culpeper.] The Syrup is in quality bind¬ ing, yet it comforts the stomach much, : helps digestion, stays vomiting, and is as \ excellent a remedy against sour or offensive jbelchings, as any is in the Dispensatory. 1 Take a "spoonful of it after meat. Syrupus de Mucilaginibus. Or Syrup of Mussilages. I College.] Take of the seeds of Marsh- ! mallows, Mallows, Quinces, of each an jounce, Gum Tragacanth three- drams, let j these infuse six hours in warm Decoction of t Mallows, white Poppy seeds, and Winter i Cherries, then press out the Mussilage to | an ounce and an half, with which, and [ three ounces of the aforesaid Decoction, 802 THE COMPLETE HERBAL and two ounces of sugar, make a Syrup; according to art. ; Culpeper.'] A spoonful taken by itself, \ or in any convenient liquor, is excellent for? any sharp corroding humours be they in? what part of the body soever, phthisicks, j bloody-flux, stone in the reins or bladder, ? or ulcers there: it is excellent good fori such as have taken purges that are too ? strong for their bodies, for by its slippery i nature it helps corrosions, and by its cool-5 iug helps inflammations. \ Syrupus Myrtinus. Or Syrup of Myrtles. i College.'] Take of Myrtle Berries two x ounces and an half, Sanders white and red,! Sumach, Balaustines, Barberry stones, reel j Roses, of each an ounce and a half, Med- \ lars half a pound, bruise them in eight; pounds of water to four, strain it, and add; juice of Quinces and sour Pomegranates, \ of each six ounces, then with three pounds; of sugar, boil it into a Syrup. Culpeper.] The Syrup is of a very bind¬ ing, yet comforting nature, it helps such as spit blood, all duxes of the belly, or corro¬ sions of the internal parts, it strengthens the I retentive faculty, and stops immoderate; flux of menses. A spoonful at a time is \ the dose. j Syrupus Florum Nymph# simplex. \ boil them in four pounds of clear water till one be consumed, strain it, and add half a pound of red Rose water, white sugar lour pounds, boil it into a Syrup according to art. Culpeper.] They are both fine cooling Syrups, allay the heat of choler, and pro¬ voke sleep, they cool the body, both head, heart, liver, reins, and matrix, and there¬ fore are profitable for hot diseases in either, you may take an ounce of it at a time when your stomach is empty. Syrupus de Vapavere Erratico, site Ruhro. Or Syrup of Erratic Poppies. College.] Take of the fresh flowers of red Poppies two pounds, steep them in four pounds of warm spring water, the next day strain it, and boil it into a Syrup with its equal weight in sugar. Culpeper.] The Syrup cools the blood, helps surfeits, and may safely be given in frenzies, fevers, and hot agues. Syrupus de Pilosella. Or Syrup of Mousear. College.] Take of Mousear three hand¬ fuls, the roots of Lady’s-mantle an ounce and an half, the roots of Comfrey the greater, Madder, white Dittany, Tormentil, Bistort, of each an ounce, the leaves ot Wintergreen, Horsetail, Ground Ivy, Plan- Or Syrup of Water-Lily flowers, simple. j tain, Adder’s Tongue, Strawberries, St College.] Take of the whitest of white \ Water-Lily flowers, a pound, steep them in : three pounds of warm water six or seven I hours, let them boil a little, and strain them \ out, put in the same weight of flowers again ; the second and third time, when you have \ strained it the last time, add its weight of! sugar to it, and boil it to a Syrup. Syrupus Florum Nymphce compositus. Syrup of Water-Lily flowers compound, j College.] Take of white Water-Lily j flowers half a pound, Violets two ounces, \ Lettice two handfuls, the seeds of Lettice, \ Purslain, and Gourds, of each half an ounce, 5 John’s Wort with the flowers. Golden Rod, Agrimony, Bettony, Burnet, Avens, Cinque¬ foil the greater, red Coleworts, Balaustines, red Roses, of each a handful, boil them gently in six pounds of Plantain Water to three, then strain it strongly, and when it is settled, add Gum Tragacanth, the seeds of Fleawort, Marsh-mallows and Quinces, made into a Mussilage by themselves in Strawberry and Bettony Water, of each three ounces, white sugar two pounds, boil it to the thickness of honey. Culpeper.] It is drying and healing, and therefore good for ruptures AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 303 Syrupus mfusionisjlorum Pceouiee. j Syrupus de Prasio. Or Syrup of the infusion of Peony flowers, ; Syrup of Ilorehound. College .] It is prepared in the samel College.] Take of white Horehound j fresh, two ounces, Liquorice, Polipodium of the Oak, Fennel, and Small a ge O roots, {of each half an ounce, white Maiden-hair, {Origanum, Hyssop^ Calaminth, Thyme, drams, Ginger, Spikenard, of each a dram, Stoechas, Nutmegs, of each two drams and an half, boil them after one day’s warm.I digestion water It is prepared in the manner as Syrup of Clove-gillifiowers. Syrupus de Pceonia compositus. Or Syrup of Peony compound. College. ] Take of the Roots of uum < c - on- ~n n> r . r r ?• tL . , . .1 r n nr {Savory, Scabious, Colts-foot, of each six sorts of Peony taken up at the full Moon, { . , * c A ’ , V „ Ilf . ir, ciiooo 1 i • iv w {drams, the seeds of Alims and Cotton, of cut in slices, and steeped in white Wine { i A -> TJ • . , _ Tir u„i„ j ott each three drams, Raisins of the sun stoned 3. whole day, of each an ounce and an half, ? . n . tv . i m i • • . n v j, ’ i I* o-i tvt ’ i two ounces, fat ±igs ten, boil them in eight Contra xerva halt an ounce, Siler Moun- \ i r tt j Wn i in t • i rnmtl i?n ’ r^i i pounds of Hydromel till half be consumed, tain six drams, LIk s Claws an ounce, Rose- f i *i tv t o . , , f roary with the flowers on, one handful, i b °‘ U ’ e De <=oction into a .Syrup with honey Bettony, Hyssop, Origanum, Chamepitys i?" ^ugar of each two pounds and per. Rue, of each thlee drams, Wood of Aloes, I £, me 1 wlth an ounce of the roots of 0ms Cloves, Cardamoms the less, of each two; o^ en in e. . . Culpeper.] It is appropriated to the breast and lungs, and is a fine cleanser to J purge them from thick and putrified flegm, .•_• • ... v ,• .-i, , lit helps phthisicksand coughs, and diseases tion, m a sufficient quantity of distil ed u- \ \ 11 a i a “p , / r J , subject to old men, and cold natures, r of Feony roots, to four pounds, in ™ •. vi t- • i which (being strained through Hippocrates’]™* U T a 7 ce s ' lc , k :.. sleeve) put four pounds and an half of n „ , S g Upm f £ «“"*• while sugar, and boil it to a Syrup. V“ P " f , the ,7 °P < f n « R “ 5 ' n i * T . , , , ir * 7 h , » College. \ lake of the roots of bmallage, and convulsions! h ° RS ‘ 16 ln S' slc ^ ness > | Fennelf Parsley, Bruscus Sparagus 7 . \ each two ounces, spring Water, six pounds, Syrupus de Fomis aderans. j h G j] away the third part, and make a Syrup Or Syrup of Apples. ;with the rest according to art, with three College .] Take four pounds of the juice j pounds of sugar, adding eight ounces of of sweet scented Apples, the juice of Bug- j white Wine Vinegar, towards the latter loss, garden and wild, of Violet leaves, j end. Rose Water, of each a pound, boil them j Culpeper .] It cleanses and opens very together, and clarify them, and with six \ well, is profitable against obstructions, pro¬ pounds of pure sugar, boil it into a Syrup 1 vokes urine, cleanses the body of flegm, according to art. j and is safely and profitably given in the Culpeper .] It is a fine cooling Syrup j beginning of fevers. An ounce at a time for such whose stomachs are overpressed j upon an empty stomach is a good dose, with heat, and may safely be given in j Syrupus Pap hunt. fevers, for it rather loosens than binds ‘ \ Or Syrup of Radishes, it breeds good blood, and is profitable in j College .] Take of garden and wild hectic fevers, and for such as are troubled i Radish roots, of each an ounce, the roots with palpitation of the heart, it quenches 5 of white Saxifrage, Lovage, Bruscus, thirst admirably in fevers, and stays hie-! Eringo, Rest-harrow, Parsley, Fennel, .of coughs. You may take an ounce of it at!each half an ounce, the leaves of Bettony, a time in the morning, or when you need. \ Burnet, Pennyroyal, Nettles, Water-cresses, (31, 32.) ' 4 i 304 THE COMPLETE HERBAL Samphire, Maiden-hair, of each one hand- J ful, Winter Cherries, Jujubes, of each ten, j the seeds of Bazil, Bur, Parsley of Mace- j donia, Hartwort, Carraway, Carrots, Grom- : well, the bark of the root of Bay-tree, of j each two drains, Raisins ot the sun stoned, : Liquorice, ot each six drams, boil them in; twelv e pounds of water to eight, strain it, j and with four pounds of sugar, and two j pounds of honey, make it into a Syrup,: and perfume it with an ounce of Cinnamon,; and half an ounce of Nutmegs. i Culpeper.'] A tedious long medicine for the stone. Syrupus Regius, alias Julapium Alexandrinum. Or Julep of Alexandria. College.] Boil four pounds of Rose¬ water, and one pound of white Sugar into a Julep. Julep of Roses is made with Damask Rose water, in the very same manner. Culpeper .] Two fine cooling drinks in the heat of summer. Syrupus cle Rosis siccis. Or Syrup of dried Roses. College.] Make four pounds of spring- water hot, in which infuse a pound of dried Roses, by some at a time, press them out and with two pounds of sugar, boil it into a Syrup according to art. * Culpeper. ] Syrup of dried Roses, strength- ' ens the heart, comforts the spirits, binds the body, helps fluxes, and corrosions, or gnawings of the bowels, it strengthens the stomach, and stays vomiting. You may take an ounce at a time, before meat, if for fluxes; after meat if for vomiting. Syrupus Sea In os^e. Or Syrup of Scabious. College.] Take of the roots of Elecam¬ pane, and Poly podium of the Oak, of each two ounces, Raisins of the sun stoned an ounce', Sf'bestens twenty, Colt’s-foot, Lung¬ wort, Savory, Oahuninth, of each a hand¬ ful and an half, Liquorice,Spanish Tobacco, of each half an ounce, the seeds of Nettles and Cotton, of each three drams, boil them all (the roots being.infused in white Wine the day before) in a sufficient quantity of Wine and Water to eight ounces, strain it, and adding four ounces of the Juice of Scabious, and ten ounces of sugar, boil it to a Syrup, adding to it twenty drops of oil of sulphur. Culpeper.] It is a cleansing Syrup ap¬ propriated to the breast and lungs, when you perceive them oppressed by flegm, crudites, or stoppings, your remedy is to take now and then a spoonful of this Syrup, it is taken also with good success by such as are itchy, or scabby. Syrupus cle Scolopendrio. Or Syrup of Hart’s-tongue. \ College.] Take of Hart’s-tongue three ! handfuls. Polypodium of the Oak, the t roots of both sorts of Bugloss, bark of the | roots of Capers and Tamerisk, of each two | ounces,Hops, Dodder, Maiden-hair,Bawm, [of each two handfuls, boil them in nine | pounds of Spring water to five, and strain i it, and with four pounds of white sugar, [make it into a Syrup according to art. I Culpeper.] It helps the stoppings of 'melancholy, opens obstructions of the liver and spleen, and is 'profitable against splen¬ etic evils, and therefore is a choice remedy for the disease which the vulgar call the rickets, or liver-grown: A spoonful in a morning is a precious remedy for children troubled with that disease. Men that are troubled with the spleen, which is known bv pain and hardness in their left side, may take three or four spoonfuls, they shall find this one receipt worth the price of the whole book. Syrupus de Stcrchade. Syrup of Stcechas. College.] Take of Stcechas flowers four ounces, Rosemary flowers half an ounce, iThyme, Oalaminth, Origanum, of each an ' ounce and an half, Sage, Bettcny, of each. ; half an ounce, the seeds of Rue, Peony, and AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 3M [Fennel, of each three drums, spring water ten pounds, boil it till halt be cousumed, and with honey and sugar, of each two I pounds, boil it into a Syrup, which perfume j with Cinnamon, Ginger, and Calmus j Aromaticus, of each two drams tied up in the water of Violet flowers and sugar, like Julep of Roses. Culpeper. ] It is cooling and pleasant. a rag. Syr up us de Symphyto. Or Syrup of Comfrey. College .] Take of roots and tops oft Comfrey, the greater and lesser, of each ' three handfuls, red Roses, Bettony, Plantain, \ Burnet, Knot grass. Scabious, Colt’s foot/ of each two handfuls, press the juice out of' them all, being green and bruised, boil it, \ scum it, and strain it, add its weight oft sugar to it that it may be made into a Syrup, j according to art. j Culpeper .] The Syrup is excellent for all inward wounds and bruises, excoriations, vomitings, spittings, or evacuation of blood, it unites broken bones, helps ruptures, and ^ stops the menses : You cannot err in taking \ of it. | Syrupus Viola rum. \ Or Syrup of Violets. 1 College. 1 Take of Violet flowers fresh ! and picked, a pound, clear water made * coiling hot, two pounds, shut them up close 1 together into a new glazed pot, a whole \ dav, then press them hard out, and in two j pounds of the liquor dissolve four pounds j and three ounces of whim sugar, take away I the scum, and so make it into a Syrup with- | out boiling. Syrup of the juice of Violets, \ is made with iis double weight of sugar, like j the former. : Culpeper J] This Syruncoolsand moistens, \ and that very gently, it corrects the sharp- j ness of cholcr, and gives ease in ’ ot vices ofT the breast, it quenches thirst in acute fevers, 1 and resist the heat of the disease; it com- j forts hot stomachs exceedingly, cools thej liver and heart, and resists putrefaction, \ t pestilence, and poison. ' j College.] Julep of Violets is made of PURGING SYRUPS. Syrupus d$ Cichorio cum Rhubarbaro . Or Syrup of Succory with Rhubarb. College .] 'lake of whole Barley, the roots ot Smallage, Fennel, and Sparagus, of each two ounces, Succory, Dandelyon, Endive, smooth Sow-thistles, of each two handfuls, Lettuce, Liverwort, Fumitory, tops of Hops, of each one handful, Maiden¬ hair, white and black, Cetrachs, Liquorice, winter Cherries, Dodder, of each six drams, to boil these take sixteen pounds of sprint? water, strain the liquor, and boil in it six pounds of white sugar, adding towards (he end six ounces of Rhubarb, six drains of Spikenard, bound up in a thin slack rag, the which crush often in boiling, and so make it into a Syrup according to art. Culpeper .] 11 cleanses the body of venom¬ ous humours, as boils, carbuncles, and the like; it prevails against pestilential fevers, it strengthens the heart and nutritive virtue, purges by stool and urine, it makes a man have a good stomach to his meat, and pro¬ vokes sleep. But by my author’s leave, I never accounted purges to be proper physic in pe stilential fevers ; this I believe, the Syrup cleanses the liver well, and is exceeding good for such as are troubled with hypocondriac melancholy. The strong may take two ounces at a time, the weak, one, or you may mix an ounce of it with the Decoction of Senna. Syrupus de Epithymo. Or Syrup of Epithimum. College.] Take of Epithimum twenty drams, Mirobalans, Citron, and Indian of each fifteen drams, Emblicks, Bellorrc-ks, Pelvpod.ium, Liquorice Agrick, Thyme, Calai ninth. Bugloss, Stcechas of each six THE COMPLETE HERBAL 306 _ _ ___ ___ drams. Dodder, Fumitory, of each ten | Culpeper.-] The Syrup is a cooling purge, drams, red Roses, Annis-seeds and sweet j and tends to rectify the distempers of the Fennel seeds of each two drams and an j blood, it purges choler and melancholy and half, sweet Prunes ten, Raisins of the sun therefore must needs be effectual both m stoned four ounces, Tamarinds two ounces j yellow and black jaundice, madness, scurf, and an half, after twenty-four hours infusion J leprosy, and scabs, it is very gentle, ihe in ten pints of spring water, boil it away dose is from one ounce to three, according to six, then take it from the fire and strain as the body is in age and strength. An it, and with five pounds of fine sugar boil j ounce of it in the morning is excellent for it inty Syrup according to art. \ such children as break out in scabs. Culpeper. ] It is best to put in the Dod-j der, Stoechas and Agarick, towards the j Syrupus cle Pomis magistralis Or Syrup of Apples magisterial. latter end of the Decoction. It purges melan-j College. ] Take of the Juice and Water choly, and other humours, it strengthens;^ Apples 0 f ea ch a pound and an half, the stomach and liver, cleanses the body of*^ j u j ce and Water of Borrage and Bug- addust choler and addust blood, as also°fj] oss G f each nine ounces, Senna half a salt humours, and helps diseases proceeding j ndj Annis seeds> an j swe et Fennel seeds, from these, as scabs, itch, tetters, ringworms, j eacb tbree drams, Epithimum of Crete, leprosy, &c. A man may take two ounces j twQ ounceS5 Agarick, Rhubarb, of each at a time, or add one ounce to the Decoc- j half an ounce? Ginger, Mace, of each four tion of Epithimum. J scruples, Cinnamon two scruples, Saffron Syrupus e Floribus Persicorum. \ ha]f a dram? in f use tbe Rhubarb and Cin- Or Syrup of Peach-flowers. | namon apart by itself, in white Wine and College .] Take of fiesh 1 each-floweis . j ldce 0 f Apples, of each two ounces, let a pound, steep them a whole day in three j aU the rest) the Saffron excepted, be steeped pounds of warm water, then boil a little and in the Waters above mentioned, and the strain it out, repeat this infusion five times} next da y put in the juices, which being in the same liquor, m three pounds of which j boiled scummed, and strained, then with /Jieonlvf* twn nniinriQ nnH an half of SUUPr! n i •. _ u *i :* • dissolve two pounds and an half of sugar j four ounces of w hi te sugar boil it into a and boil it into a Syrup. J Syrup, crushing the saffron in it being tied Culpeper It is a gentle puiger lT p in a linen rag, the infusion of the Rhu- choler, and may be given even in fevers to j b £ rb being added at the latter cnd . draw away the sharp choleric humours. Culpeper.'] Out of doubt this is a gallant Syrupus cle Points purgans. Syrup to purge choler and melancholy, _ „ 0r -, Sy m^ ° f ^ P F CS P u, '« ,n S- and to resist madness. College. j lake of the juice of sweet \ „ i t>i i. i ir b { i . .i r\ Syrupus cle Khubarbaro. smelling Apples two pounds, the juice of; a g , Borrage and Bugloss of each one pound! Sy ru p of Rhubarb. and an half, Senna two ounces, Annis seeds i College .] Take of the best Rhubarb and half an Ounce, Saffron one dram, let the j Senna of each two ounces and an half, Senna be steeped in the juices twenty-four \ Violet flowers a handful, Cinnamon one hours, and after a boil or two strain it, j dram and an half, Ginger half a dram, and with two pounds of white sugar boil * Bettony, Succory and Bugloss Water of it to a Syrup according to art, the saffron; each one pound and an half, let them be being tied up in a rag, and often crushed | mixed together warm all night, and in the in the boilingi I morning strained and boiled into a Syrup, AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 307 with two pounds of white sugar, adding \ towards the end four ounces of Syrup of; Roses. * : Culpeper .] It cleanses choler and mcian- : choly very gently, and therefore lit for \ children, old people, and weak bodies, j You may add an ounce of it to the Decoc- \ tion of Epithimum or to the Decoction of | Senna. j Syrupus Uosaceus solutwus . \ Or Syrup of Roses solutive. College.] Take of Spring Water boiling hot four pounds, Damask Rose leaves * fresh, as many as the water will contain,; let them remain twelve hours in infusion, * close stopped, then press them out and put: in fresh Rose leaves, do so nine times in the I same liquor, encreasing the quantity of the: Roses as the liquor encreases, which will be; almost by the third part every time:| Take six parts of this liquor, and with four: parts of white sugar, boil it to a Syrup; according to art. j Culpeper.'] It loosens the belly, and j gently brings out choler and flegm, but $ leaves a binding quality behind it. ; Syrupus e succo Rosa nan. ; Or Syrup of the Juice of Roses.'' College.] It is prepared without steep- j ing, only with the juice of Damask Roses; pressed out, and claiified, and an equal jj proportion of sugar added to it. Culpeper.] This is like the other. Syrupa* Rosaceus soluhvus cum Agarico. : Or Syrup of Roses solutive with Agarick.; College.] Take of Agarick cut thin an : ounce, Ginger two drams, Sal. Gem. onej dram, Polipodium bruised two ounces,* sprinkle them with white Wine and steep! them two days over warm ashes, in a pound \ and an half of the infusion of Damask i Roses prescribed before, and with one; pound of sugar boil it into a Syrup accord-; in a; to art. ! Culpeper.] It purges flegm from the j head, relieves the senses oppressed by it, j ( 31 , 32 .) provokes the menses, purges the stomach and liver, and provokes urine. Syrupus Rosaceus solutwus cum Helleboro. Or Syrup of Roses solutive with Hellebore. College.] Take of the bark of all the Myrobalans,of each four ounces, bruise them grossly, and steep them twenty four hours in twelve pounds of the infusion of Roses before spoken, Senna, Epithimum, Polypo¬ dium of the Oak, of each four ounces, Cloves an ounce, Citron seeds, Liquorice, of each four ounces, the bark of black Hellebore roots six drams, let the fourth part of the liquor gently exhale, strain it, and with five pounds of sugar, and sixteen drams of Rhubarb tied up in a linen rag, make it into a Syrup according to art. Culpeper.] The Syrup rightly used, purges melancholy, resists madness. Syrupus Rosaceus solutions cum Senna. Or Syrup of Roses solutive with Senna. College .] Take of Senna six ounces, Caraway, and sweet Fennel seeds, of each three drams, sprinkle them with white Wine, and infuse them two days in three pounds of the infusion of Roses aforesaid, then strain it, and with two pounds of sugar boil it into a Syrup. Culpeper.] It purges the body of choler and melancholy, and expels the relics a disease hath left behind it; the dose is from one ounce to two, you may take it in a Decoction of Senna, it leaves a binding quality behind it. Syrupus de spina Certina. Or Syrup of Purging Thorn. College.] Take of the berries of Purging Thorn, gathered in September, as many as you will, bruise them in a stone mortar, and press out the juice, let the forth part of it evaporate, away in a bath, then to two pounds of it, add sixteen ounces of white sugar, boil it into a Syrup, which perfume with Mastich, Cinnamon, Nutmegs, Anms seeds m fine powder, of each three drams. 4 k ' , 308 THE COMPLETE HERBAL SYRUPS MADE WITH VINEGAR AND HONEY. ? it be thick, and with one pound of Honey, ; boil it to the thickness of Honey. Culpeper. ] It is a good preservative in pestilential times, a spoonful being taken as soon as you are up. Mel Passalatum. Or Honey of Raisins. College.'] Take of Raisins of the sun Mtl dnthosatum. Or Honey of Rosemary Flowers. ; College.] Take of fresh Rosemary? flowers" a pound, clarified Honey three? _ _ pounds, mix them in a glass with a narrow \ cleansed from the stones two pounds, steep mouth, set them in the sun, keep them for: them in six pounds of warm water, the next use ; day boil it half away, and press it strongly, Culpeper.] It hath the same virtues with \ and with two pounds of Honey, let the Rosemary flowers, to which I refer you, j expressed liquor boil to its thickness, only by reason of the Honey it may be : Culpeper.] It is a pretty pleasing medi- somewhat cleansing. " : cine f° r such as are in consumptions, and Mel Hellebomlum. I are ^md in bod y- . r , ~ TT tt h i x i \ Mel Rosatum commune, sive roliatum. Or Honey IL Ieborated | 0l . common Honey of Roses. College.] Take of while Hellebore roots > c „ Take of ro a Roses not quite braised a pound, dear Water fourteen two pounds, Honey six pounds set pounds, after three days infusion, boil it i d • 1 v J . * . ’ . .... t them in the sun according to art. till half be consumed, then strain it clili- i nr i y. n i * , i i i e tt 1 Mel Rosatum Lolatum. gently, and with tnree pounds of Honey, boil it to the thickness of Honey. Mel Mercuriale. ? Honey ten pounds, juice of fresh red Roses Or Honey of Mercury. j one pound, set it handsomely over the fire, College.] Boil three pounds of the juice | anc [ when it begins to boil, put in four of Mercury, with two pounds of Honey to j pounds of fresh red Roses, the whites being the thickness of Honey. j cut off; the juice being consumed by boil- Culpeper.] It is used as an emollient in:fug and stirring, strain it and keep it for clysters. ; U se. Mel Mororum , vel Diamoron. } Culpeper .] They are both used for dis- Or Honey of Roses strained. College.] Take of the best clarified Or Honey of Mulberries. : eases in the mouth. College.] Take of the juice of Mulberries | Mel Rosatum solutivum. and Blackberries, before they be ripe, j Or Honey of Roses solutive. gathered before the sun be up, of each a: College.] Take of the* often infusion of pound an a half, Honey two pounds, boil \ Damask Roses five pounds, Honey rightly them to their due thickness. j clarified four pounds, boil it to the tliick- Culpeper.] It is vulgarly known to be ? ness of Honey, good for sore mouths, as also to cool in-? Culpeper.] It is used as a laxative in flammations there. | clysters, and some use it to cleanse wounds. Mel Nuceum, alias, Diacarion et Dianucum .: College.] After the same manner is pre- Or Honey of Nuts. \ pared Honey of the infusion of red Roses. College.] Take of the juice of the out-: Mel scilliticum. ward bark of green Walnuts, gathered in; Or Honey of bquils. the dog days two pounds, boil it gently till ? College.] Take one Squil full of juice, AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 809 cut in bits, and put it in a glass vessel, the | Squills prepared, Birthwort, long, round, mouth close stopped, and covered with a * and climbing,Turbith, English Orris, Costus, skin, set in the sun forty days, to wit, twenty j Polypodium, Lemon pills, of each an before and after the rising of the dog star, j ounce, the strings of black Hellebore, then open the vessel, and take the juice j Spurge, Agerick, added at the end of the which lies at the bottom, and preserve it j Decoction, of each two drams, the bark or with the best Honey. j white Hellebore hall an ounce, let all ©1 College.] Honey of Violets is prepared 5 them being dried and bruised, be digested like as Honey of Roses. ?in a glass, or glazed vessel close stopped, Qxymel, simple. \ in the heat oi the sun, or of a furnace. College.'] Take of the best Honey four j Posca, made of equal parts of Water and pounds, clear Water and white Wine Vine- j Vinegar, eight pounds, Sapa two ounces, gar, of each two pounds, boil them in an \ three days being expired, boil it little more earthen vessel, taking the scum off with j than half away, strain it, pressing it gently, a wooden scummer, til it be come to the land add t© the liquor a pound and a halt consistence of a Syrup. Jof Honey Roses, wherein two ounces of Culpeper.] It cuts liegm, and it is a good S Citron pills have been infused, boil it to preparative against a vomit. \ the thickness of Honey, ana pci fume it Oxymel compound . 5 with Cloves, Saffron, Ginger, Galanga, College.] Take of the Bark of the Root j Mace, of each a dram, of Fennel, Smallage, Parsley, Bruscus,! Oxymel Julianizans. Asparagus, of each two ounces, the seeds oh College.] Take of the Bark of Caper Fennel, Smallage, Parsley, Annis, of each? roots, the loots of Oiiis, Icnncl, Paisley, one ounce, steep them all (the roots being j Bruscus, Chicory 7 ', Sparagus, Cypiess, of first cleansed and the seeds bruised) in six [each half an ounce, the leaves of IlaiIm¬ pounds of clear Water and a pound and a j tongue, Schaenanth, Tamaiisk, of eacn half half of Wine Vinegar, the next day boil it 5 a handf ul, sweet Fennel seed half an ounce, to the consumption of the third part, boil j infuse them in three pounds of Posca, v hidi the rest being strained, with three pounds \ is something soui, aftei wuids boil it till halt of Honey into a liquid Syrup according to j be consumed, strain it, and with Honey and art " j sugar clarified, of each half a pound, boif it Culpeper.] First having bruised the roots j to the thickness of Honey, and seeds, boil them in the water till half* Culpeper.] This medicine is very open- be consumed, then strain it and add the; ing, very good against Hy pocondnac melan- Honey, and when it is almost boiled enough, \ choly, and as fit a medicine as can be foi add the Vinegar. | that disease in childien called the Rickets. Oxymel ReUehoratum. . College.] Oxymel of Squills simple, is Or Oxymel Helleborated. tmade of three pounds of clarified Honey ; College.] Take of Rue, Thyme, Dittany j Vinegar of Squills two pounds, boil them of Crete, Hyssop, Pennyroyal, Horehound, J according to art. . , Carduus the roots of Celtick, Spikenard? Culpeper.] It cuts and divides humours without leaves, the inner bark of Elders, of j that are tough and viscous, and therefore each a handful, Mountain Calaminth two * helps the stomach and bowels afflicted by puoils the seeds of Annis, Fennel, Bazi-I, { such humours, and sour belchings. If you Roman Nettles, Dill, of each two drams, j take but a spoonful in the morning, an able the roots of Angelica, Marsh-mallows, Aron,? body will think enough. 310 THE COMPLETE HERBAL i infirmities, weaknesses, or failings thereof, ias want of voice, difficulty of breathing, Oxvmel Scilliticum compositus. Or Oxymel of Squills compound. . College.] I Take of Origanum, dried j coughs, hoarseness, catharrs, &c. i'he way Hyssop^ Thyme, Lovage, Cardamoms the': of taking it is with a Liquorice-stick, or if less, Stoechas, of each five drams, boil them j you please, you mav add an ounce of it to in three pounds of Water to one, strain it j the Pectoral Decoction before mentioned, and with two pounds of Honey, Honey of j Syrup of Poppies , the lesser composition. Raisins half a pound, juice of Briony five j College.'] Take of the heads of white ounces. Vinegar of Squills a pound and a j Poppies and black, when both of them are half, boil it, and scum it according to art. : green, of each six ounces, the seeds of Culpeper.] This is good against the fall- j Lettice, the flowers of Violets, of each one in--sickness, Megrim, Head-ache, Vertigo, I ounce, boil them in eight pints of water till oi°swimming in the head, and if these be: the virtue is out of the heads; then strain occasioned by the stomach as many times j them, and with four pounds of sugar boM they are, it helps the lungs obstructed by \ the liquor to a Syrup, humour, and is good for women not well j Syrup of Poppies, the greater composition. cleansed after labour, it opens the passage $ College.] Take of the heads of both of the womb. * white and black Poppies, seeds and aii, of Syrup of Purslain. Mesue. j each fifty drams, Maiden-hair,fifteen drams. College.] Take of the seeds of Purslain j Liquorice, five drams, Jujubes, thirty by grossly bruised, half a pound, of the juice of i number, Lettice seeds, forty drams, of the Endive, boiled and clarified, two pounds, | seeds of Mallows and Quinces, (tied up in Sugar two pounds, Vinegar nine ounces,; a thin linen cloth) of each one dram and infuse the seeds in the juice of Endive \ an half, boil these in eight pints of water twenty-four hours, afterwards boil it half Hill five pints be consumed, when you have away with a gentle fire, then strain it, and! strained out the three pints remaining, add boil it with the sugar to the consistence of Ho them, Penids and white sugar, of each a Syrup, adding the Vinegar towards iheja pound, boil them into a Syrup according latter end of the decoction. j to art. Culpeper.] It is a pretty cooling Syrup, I Culpeper.] All these former Syrups of fit for any hot. disease incident to the j Poppies provoke sleep, but in that, I desire stomach, reins, bladder, matrix, or liver ; j they may be used with a great deal of cau- it thickens flegm, cools the blood, and pro-Dion and wariness: such as these are not vokes sleep. You may take an ounce of it; fit to be given in the beginning of fevers, at a time when you have occasion. jnor to such whose bodies are costive, yet to Compound Syrup of Coif 8-foot. Renod. j such as are troubled with hot, sharp rheums, College.] Take six handfuls of green j you may safely give them: The last is ap- Colt’s-foot, two handfuls of Maiden-hair, j preprinted to the lungs ; It prevails against one handful of Hyssop, and two ounces of \ dry coughs, phthisicks, hot and sharp gnaw- Liquorice, boil them in four pints, either of png rheums, and provokes sleep. It is an rain or spring water till the fourth part be j usual fashion for nurses when they have consumed, then strain it, and clarify it, to : heated their milk by exercise or strong liquor which add three pounds of white sugar,: then run for Syrup of Poppies to make boil it to the perfect consistence of a Syrup, j their young ones sRep. I would fain have Culpeper.] The composition is appro-j that fashion left off, therefore I forbear the printed to the lungs ? and therefore helps the j dose: Let nurses keep their own bodies AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 311 tempe rate, and their children will sleep; the sun, or the fire, that it is capable ot well enough. i being kept safe from putrefaction. 2. Its Sump of Eupatoriwn (or Maudlin.) Mesue. \ use was first invented for diseases in the College.] Take of the Roots of Smallage, j mouth. 3. It is usually made, in respect Eennefi and Succory, of each two ounces, j of body, somewhat thicker than new Honey. Liquorice, Schaenanth, Dodder, Worm-j 4. It may be kept about a year, little more wood, Roses, of each six drams, Maiden-?or less. hair, Bedeguar, or instead thereof, the roots | Bob sive Sava , simplex. of Carduus Mariae, Suchaha or instead j Or Simple Hob, or Sapa. thereof the roots of Avens, the flowers or j College.'] Take ot AV ine newly pressed roots of Bugloss, Annis seeds,sweet Fennel!from white and ripe Grapes, boil it over a seeds, Ageratum, or Maudlin, of each five j gentle fire to the thickness of Honey drams, Rhubarb, Mastich, of each three j Culpeper .] Whenever you read the drams, Spikenard, Indian leaf, or instead ©f j word Rob, or Sapa throughout the Dispen- it put Roman spike, of each two drams, \ satory, simply quoted in any medicine with- boil them in eight pints of Water till the 5 out any relation of what it should be made, third part be consumed, then strain the this is that you ought to use. Decoction, and with four pounds of sugar, \ Rob de Bafberis. clarified juice of Smallage and Endive, of j Or Rob of Barberries. each half a pound, boil it into a Syrup. j College.] Take of the juice of Barberries Culpeper .] It amends infirmities of the? strained as much as you will, boil it by it- liver coming ofcold, opens obstructions, helps i self (or else by adding half a pound of sugar the dropsy° and evil state of the body ; it j to each pound of juice) to the thickness of extenuates gross humours, strengthens the Honey. liver, provokes urine, and is a present sue- j Culpeper .] It quenches thirst, closes cour for hypocondriac melancholy. \ ou j the mouth of the stomach, thereby staying may take an ounce at a time in the morning, \ vomiting, and belching, it strengthens it opens but purges not. j stomachs weakened by heat, and procures Hmer, of Emblicks. Augustanus. j appetite. Of any of these Robs you may College'] Take fifty EmblickMyrobalans, j take a little on the point of a knife when bruise them and boil them in three pints of | you need. water till two be consumed, strain it, and j Bob de ^erasis . with the like weight of Honey, boil it into? Or Rob of Cherries. a S vru p t j College.] Take of the juice of red ^Culpeper.] It is a fine gentle purger both j Cherries somewhat sowerish, as much as of flegm and melancholy: it strengthens the j you will, and with half their weight in sugar brain and nerves, and senses both internal j boil them like the former, and stays n and nerves, and sense-s both internal? boil them like the foimer. external, helps tremblings of the heart,> Culpeper .] See the virtue of Cherries ; s vomiting, provokes appetite. You \ and there you have a method to keep them may take a spoonful at a time j all the year. ? Bob de Comis. 1 Or Rob of Cornels. College.] Take of the juice of Cornels ?two pounds, sugar a pound and an half, Culpeper j 1. Rob, or Sapa, is the juice j boil it according to art. of a fruit, made thick by the heat either of Culpeper,'] Of these Cornel trees are (31,82.) 4l ROB, OR SAPA: AND JUICES. \ 312 THE COMPLETE HERBAL % two sorts, male and female, the fruit of the \ Betony, only in the last, the sugar and juice male Cornel, or Cornelian Cheiry is here to; must be equal in weight, be used. The fruit of male Cornel, binds j Succus Glycyrrhizce simplex. exceedingly, and therefore good in fluxes, [ Or Juice of Liquorice simple, and the immoderate flowing of the menses. } College.'] Infuse Liquorice Roots cleansed r> ? n i __1_4-1 v. i-• „ j ..I_ j _ • c_• Rob Cydoniorum. Or Rob of Quinces. ^ -i # j sand gently bruised, three days in Spring ' Water, so much that it may over-top the vyi HUIJ U1 i --'"7.... ““*.7 V4.V,. suv College.] Take of the clarified juice of j r °ots the brea dth of three fingers, then boil Quinces, boil it till two parts be consumed \ 1 f a an ^ press it hard out, and boil the and with its equal weight in sugar boil it j bc l uor wbb a gentle fire to its due thickness. Into a Rob. j Culpeper.] It is vulgarly known to be Miva vel Gelatin a Eorundem. \ S oot ^ against coughs, colds, &c. and a Or Jelly of Quinces. | strengthner of the lungs. College.] Take of the juice of Quinces j n S f c ' ,s ^ clarified twelve pounds, (Soil it half away, r ° r *""* «* ]L, J°/* ce C0 ”P°" n f J - , and add to the remainder, old white W.neU^f^-J ' ak< r. ot th f ? watt / ot tcnder onncmrs *h • i t Oak leaves,of scabious,of each four pound*, live pounds, consume the third part over a \ v r u t •„ • 1 , . * gentle fire, taking away the scum (all you En * l, 5 h L-quonce scraped and brmsed two ought) let the rest settle, and strain it, and 'To t b X d< p eS th 7 with three pounds of sugar boil it accord- S< ’ the , n P™*’, tke llqU<>r s . tron §!^. M ing to art. & a P r ^ ss ’ to which add three pounds of juice Culpeper.-] Both are good for weak and t H J SS0 P’ and dr ^, it a "' a >' in tlie SUI * » a indisposed stomachs. jbtoad eai then vessel. College.] Rob of sour Plums is made as j rt C “ l P e P er l rhe Vlrtues alc the sa ”‘ e with Rob of Quinces, the use of sugar is indif- \ 16 or111 ^ 1 * c . ferent in them both. 1 - - tccus Pronorum Sykestrum. Rob of English Currants is made in the! r ° r Sloc ,?’ , Aca f ia - . same manner, let the juice be clarified. 1 Allege.] I.ikt of Slots hardly ripe, Culpeper.] The virtues arc the same with j P r T ° Ut the •> ,llce ’ and ln ' lke 11 thlek ln a tj., ..I-• oatn. Rob of Barberries. Rob Buccnrum Sambuci Or Rob of Elder Berries. Culpeper.] It stops fluxes, and procures appetite. College.] So are the Juices of Worm- n q r p - S j Ul V, lilt/ 1 / UILCO U1 Yt HI 111 o ege .J Like ol the juice of Elder } wood, Maudlin, and Fumitory made thick, ernes, and make it tlnck with the help of 1 to wit, the herbs bruised while they be a gen e re, cittiei by itself, ora quarter ofj tender, and the juice pressed out and after llS WPlO’llf 111 CIKYOl* Kmn a* A /l J rw J ) • i 1 1 . * ‘ its weight in sugar being added. Culpeper.] Both Rob of Elder Berries, j thickness and Dwarf-Elder, are excellent for such! whose bodies are inclining to dropsies,; neither let them neglect nor despise it.» ahey may take the quantity of a nutmeg} each morning, it will gently purgethe watery j \ it be clarified, boil over the fire to its just LOHOCH, OR ECLEGMATA Culpeper.] Because this word also is un- ro// t T I derstoo(l but bv few, we will first explain Rob J"nLiVi i manner 1S lnade 1 what it is. 1. The word Lohoch is an Ara- I ob of Dwait-Llder, Jumpers, and Paul’s j bick word, called in Greek Edegma, in AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 318 Latin Lindas , and signifies a thing to be licked up. 2. It is in respect of body, something thicker than a Syrup, and not so thick as an electuary. 3. Its use was against the roughness of the windpipe, dis¬ eases, and inflammations of the lungs, dif¬ ficulty of breathing, colds, coughs, &c. 4. Its manner of reception is with a Liquo¬ rice stick, bruised at the end, to take up some and retain it in the mouth, till it melt of its own accord. Lohoch de Farfara. Or Lohoch of Coltsfoot. College .] Take of Colts-foot roots cleans¬ ed eight ounces, Marsh-mallow roots four ounces cleansed, boil them in a sufficient quantity of water, and press the pulp out through a sieve, dissolve this again in the Decoction, and let it boil once or twice, then take it from the fire, and add two pounds of white sugar, Honey of Raisins fourteen ounces, juice of Liquorice two drams and an half, stir them stoutly with a wooden pestle, mean season sprinkle in Saf¬ fron and Cloves, of each a scruple, Cinna¬ mon and Mace, of each two scruples, make them into a Lohoch according to art. Culpeper .] It was invented for the cough. Lohoch de Papavere. Or Lohoch of Poppies. College.'] Take while Poppy seeds twenty four drams, sweet Almonds blanched in Rose Water, Pine-nuts cleansed, Gum Ara- bick and Tragacanth, of each ten drams, juice of Liquorice an ounce, Starch three drams, the seeds of Lettuce, Purslain, Quinces, of each half an ounce, Saffron a dram, Penids four ounces, Syrup of Meco¬ nium three pounds, make it into a Lohoch according to art. Culpeper.] It helps salt, sharp and thin distillations upon the lungs, it allays the fury of such s arp humours, which occasion Doth roughness of the throat, want of sleep, and levers; it is excellent for such as are \ troubled with pleurises to take now and then : a little of it. ; Lohoch e Pamdis. V Or Lohoch of Raisins, i College.] Take of male Peony roots, 1 Liquorice, of each half an ounce, Hyssop, \ Bawm, HartVtongue, or Cetrach, of each | half a handful, boil them in Spring Water, | and press them strongly, and by adding a j pound of Raisins bruised, boil it again, pressing it through a linen cloth, then with a pound of white sugar, make it into a Lohoch according to art. Culpeper.] It is very good against coughs, I consumptions of the lungs, and other vices \ of the breast, and is usually given to chil- idren for such diseases, as also for convul- 1 sions, and falling-sickness. Lohoch t Pino. Or Lohoch of Pinenuts. \ College.] Takeof Pine-nuts, fifteen drams, i sweet Almonds, Hazel Nuts gently roasted, | Gum Arabick and Tragacanth, powder and j juice of Liquorice, white Starch, Maiden- \ hair. Orris roots, of each two drams, the ; pulp of Dates seventeen drams, bitter \ Ahnonds one dram and an half, Honey of \ Raisins, white Sugar-candy, fresh Butter, of | each two ounces, Honey one pound and an j half, dissolve the Gums in so much Decoc- j tion of Maiden-hair as is sufficient; let the | rest be mixed over a gentle fire, and stirred, t that so it may be made into a Lohoch. Culpeper.] The medicine is excellent for i continual coughs, and difficulty of breath¬ s' ing, it succours such as are asthmatic, for it 1 cuts and atenuates tough humours in the * breast. Lohoch de Portulaca. \ Or Lohoch of Purslain. College.] Take of the strained Juice of i Purslain two pounds, Troches of Terra | Lcmniatwo drams,Troches ofAmber, Gum, | Arabic, Dragon’s-blood of each one dram, j Lapis Hematitis , the wool of a Hare toasted, j of eacli two scruples, white Sugar one 314 THE COMPLETE HERBAL pound, mix Uifflff together, that so you may s Lohoch Scilliticum. make a Lohoch of them. \ Or Lohoch of Squils Culpeper .] The medicine is so binding; College. ] lake three drains or a Squil that it is better let alone than taken, unless | baked in paste, Orris Roots two drains, in inward bruises when men spit blood, then \ Hyssop, Hoi e-hound, of each one dram, you may safely take a little of it. \ Saffron, Myrrh, of each half a dram, Honey T 7 . j tt i ‘ | two ounces and an half, bruise the Squil, Lohoch e Pulmone Vulpis. x ,. . . , y. ’ , L x after it is baked, in a stone mortar, and after Or Lohoch of I ox Lungs* j ^ hath boiled a walm ortwo with the Honey, College .] Take of Fox Lungs rightly j p Ut j n the rest of the things in powder, prepared, juice of Liquorice, Maiden-hair, \ diligently stirring it, and make it into a Annis-seeds, sweet Fennel seeds, of each j Lohoch according to art. equal parts, Sugar dissolved in Cclts-foot, \ Eclegma of Squils. Mesue. and Scabious Water, and boiled into ax College .] Take of the juice of Squils Syrup, three times their weight; the rest; an( j Honey, both of them clarified, of each being in fine powder, let them be put to it;^wo pounds, boil them together according and strongly stirred together, that it may be; ar t j- Q p[ ie consistence of Honey, made into a Lohoch according to art. x Culpeper.] For the virtues of it see Vine- Culpeper.] It cleanses and unites ulcers j g ar 0 f Squils, and Oximel of Squils, only in the lungs and breast, and is a present \ phis more mild, and not so harsh to the remedy in phthisicks. d throat, because it hath no Vinegar in it, and Lohoch sanum et Expert-urn. j therefore is far more fitting for Asthmaes , Or a sound and well experienced Lohoch. j and such as are troubled with difficulty of College .] Take of dried Hyssop and j breathing, it cuts and carries away humours Calaminth, of each half an ounce, Jujubes,! from the breast, be they thick or thin, and Sebestens, the stones being taken out, fifteen | wonderfully helps indigestion of victuals. Raisins of the Sun stoned,, fat Figs, Dates, j and eases pains in the breast, and for this, of each two ounces, Linseed, Fenugreek j I quote the authority of Galen. seed, of each five drams, Maiden-hair One' Lohoch of Coleuorts. Gordonius. handful, Annis-seeds, sweet Fennel seeds, \ College .] Take one pound of the juice Orris Roots cut, Liquorice, Cinnamon, of; of Coleworls, clarified Saffron three drams, each an ounce, boil them according to art \ clarified Honey, and Sugar, of each half a in four pounds of clear water till half be j pound, make of them a Lohoch according consumed, and with two pounds of Penids | to art. boil it into a Syrup, afterwards cul* and { Culpeper.'] It helps hoarseness, and loss bruise very small Pine-nuts five drams, sweet j of voice,eases surfeitsand head-achecoming Almonds blanched, Liquorice, Gum Tra- x of drunkenness, and opens obstructions of gacanth and Arabick, white Starch of each j the liver and spleen, and therefore is good three drams, let these be put into the Syrup j for that disease in children called the rickets, when it is off the fire, and stir it about \ swiftly with a wooden pestle till it look white, j - Culpeper^] It succors the breast, lungs, PRESERVED ROOTS, STALKS, tnroat, oppressed by cold it restores the| BARKS FLOWERS, FRUITS. Voice lost by feason ot cold, and attenuates» thick and gross humours in the breast and j College.] Take of Eringo Roots as many lungs. . | as you will, cleanse them without and within, AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 315 r 11 % the pith being taken out, steep them two j then having pulped them through a sieve, days in clear w^ter, shifting the water some- \ that they are free from the stones, boil it times, then dry them with a cloth, then i again in an earthen vessel over a gentle fire, take their equal weight in white Sugar, and \ often stirring them for fear of burning, till as much Rose-water as will make it into a? the watery humour be consumed, then mix Syrup, which being almost boiled, put jn j ten pounds of sugar with six pounds of this the roots, and let them boil until the mois-jpulp, boil it to its due thickness. Broom ture be consumed, and let it be brought to \ buds are also preserved, but with brine and the due body of a Syrup. Not much un-i vinegar, and so are Olives and Capers, like to this are preserved the roots of Acorns, j Lastly, Amongst the Barks, Cinnamon, Angelica, Borrage, Bugloss, Succory, Lie-j amongst the flowers, Roses, and Marigolds, cam pane, Burnet, Satyrion, Sicers, Comfrey j amongst the fruits, Almonds, Cloves, Pine- the greater, Ginger, Zedoary. Take of the‘nuts, and Fistick-nuts, are said to be pre¬ stalks of Artichokes, not too ripe, as many ! served but with this difference, they are as you will, and (contrary to the roots) take j encrusted with dry sugar, and are more only the pith of these, and preserve them »called confects than preserves, with their equal weight in sugar, like the! former. So is prepared the stalks oft Angelica, Burs, Lettuce, &c. before they be j too ripe. Take of fresh' Orange pills as] many as you will, take away the exterior j CONSERVES AND SUGARS. )J1U , V _ j __ College .] Conserves of the herbs of yellowness, and steep them in spring water 1 Wormwood,Sorrel,Wood-sorrel, the flowefs three days at the least, often renewing the! of Oranges, Borrage, Bugloss, Bettony, water, then preserve them like the former. ^ Marigolds, the Tops of Carduus, the Flowing In like manner are Lemon and Citron pills • of Centaury the less, Clove-gilliflowers* preserved. Preserve the flowers of Citrons, 1 Germander, Succory, the Leaves of Scurvy- Oranges, Borrage, Primroses, with Sugar, j grass, the flowers of Comfrey the greater, according to art. Take of Apricots as | Citratiae, Cinosbati, the roots of Spurge, many as you will, take away the outer skin j herbs and flowers of Eye-bright, the tops and the stones, and mix them with their \ of Fumitory, Goat's-rue, the flowers of like weight in sugar, after four hours take \ Broom not quite open, Hyssop, Lavender, them out, and boil the Sugar without any | white Lilies, Lilies of the Valley, Marjoram, other Liquor, then put them in again, and i Mallows, the tops of Bawm, the leaves of boil them a little. Other Fruits may be! Mints, the flowers of Water Lilies, red preserved in the same manner, or at j Poppies, Peony, Peaches, Primroses, Roses, least not much unlike to it, as whole Bar-] the leaves of Rue, die flowers of Sage, Elder berries, Cherries, Cornels, Citrons, Quinces, j Scabious, the leaves of Scordium, the Peaches, common Apples, the five sorts of] flowers of Limetree, Coltsfoot, A inlets, with Myrobalans, Hazel Nuts, Walnuts, Nut- ] all these are conserves made with their treble megs, Raisins of the Sun, Pepper brought j proportion of white sugar ; vet note, that green from India* Plums, garden and wild jail of them must not be mixed alike, softie Pears, Grapes. Pulps are also preserved, iof them must be cut, beaten, and gently as Barberries, Cassia Fistula, Citrons,! boiled, some neither cut, beaten nor boiled, Cinosbatus, Quinces, and Sloes, &c. lake hind some admit but one of them, which oi Barberries as many as you will, boil j every artist in his trade may find out by them in spring water till they are tender, ^ this premonition and avoid error. ( 31 , 32 .) ° 4 m 316 THE COMPLETE HERBAL SUGARS* Diacoclium Solidum, sive Tabulation. College .] Take of white Poppy heads meanly ripe, and newly gathered, twenty, steep them in three pounds of warm spring water, and the next day boil them until the virtue is out, then strain out the liquor, and with a sufficient quantity of good sugar, boil it according to art, that you may make it up into Lozenges. Culpeper. The virtues are the same with the common Diacodium, viz. to provoke sleep, and help thin rheums in the head, coughs, and roughness of the throat, and may easily be carried about in one's pocket. Saccharum tabulation simplex, et per latum. Or Lozenges of Sugar both simple and pearled. College .] The first is made by pouring the sugar upon a marble, after a sufficient boiling in half its weight in Damask Rose Water : And the latter by adding to every pound of the former towards the latter end of the decoction. Pearls, prepared and bruised, half an ounce, with eight or ten leaves of gold.. Culpeper .] It is naturally cooling, ap¬ propriated to the heart, it restores lost strength, takes away burning fevers, and false imaginations, (I mean that wish Pearls, for that without Pearls is ridiculous) it hath the same virtues Pearls have. Saccharum Tabulation compositum. Or Lozenges of Sugar compound. College. ] Take of choice Rhubarb four scruples, Agarick Trochiscated, Corallins, burnt Hart's-horn, Dittany of Crete, Worm- seed and Sorrel seed, of each a scruple, Cinnamon, Zedoary,Cloves, Saffron,.of each half a scruple, white Sugar a pound, dis¬ solved in four ounces of Wormwood Water, Wormwood Wine, an ounce,. Cinnamon Water a spoonful, with the forenamed pow¬ ders make it into Lozenges according to art.. Culpeper. ] The title shews you the vir¬ tues of it. Saccharum Penidium , Or Sugar Penids College.] Are prepared of sugar dis¬ solved in spring water by a gentle fire, and the whites of Eggs diligently beaten, and clarified once, and again whilst it is boiling, then strain it and boil it gently again, till it riseup in great bubbles, and being chewed it stick not to your teeth, then pour it upon a marble,, anointed with oil of Almonds, (let the bubbles first sink,, after it is removed from the fire) bring back the outsides of it to the middle till it look like Larch rosin , then, your hands being rubbed with white starch, you may draw it into threads eithei short or long, thick or thin, and let it cool in what form you please. Culpeper .] I remember country people were 'wont to take them for coughs, and they are sometimes used in other compositions. Confectio de Thure. Or Confection of Frankincense. College .] Take Coriander seeds prepared half an ounce. Nutmegs, white Frankin¬ cense, of each three drams, Liquorice, Mastich, of each two drams, Cubebs, Hart’s- liorn prepared, of each one dram, conserve of Red roses an ounce, white Sugar as much as is sufficient to make it into mean bits. Culpeper.'] I cannot boast much of the rarity nor virtues of this receipt- Saccharum Rosatum. Or Sugar of Roses. , College.] Take of, red Rose eaves, the whites being cut off, and speedily dried in the sun an ounce, white Sugar a pound, melt the Sugar in Rose-water and juice o. Roses of each two ounces which being con¬ sumed by degrees, put in the Rose leaves in powder, mix them, put it upon a marble, and make it into Lozenges according to art. Culpeper.] As for the virtues of this, it strengthens weak stomachs, weak hearts, and weak brains, restores such as are. in. AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 317 consumptions, restores lost strength, stays j oriential Bezoar, of each half an ounce, lluxes, eases pains in the head, ears and 5 powder of the black tops of Crab's claws, eyes, helps spitting, vomiting, and urining ! the weight of them all, beat them into pow- of blood ; it is a fine commodity for a man \ der, which may be made into balls with in a consumption to carry about with him, j jelly, and the skins which our vipers have and eat now and then a bit. ; cast off', warily dried and kept for use. ; Culpeper.'] This is that powder they '.ordinarily call Gascoigns powder, there are SPECIES, OR POWDERS. ! T lecei P Ls , of i! ’ °f which this is . non . e \ or the worst, tour, or five, or six grams is Aromaticum Caryophyllatum. \ excellently good in a fever to be taken in any College.] Take of Cloves seven drams, * cordial, for it cheers the heart and vital Mace, Zedoary, Galanga the less, yellow j spirits exceedingly, and makes them im- Sanders, Troches, Diarrhodon, Cinnamon, j pregnable. wood of Aloes, Indian Spikenard, long 1 Species Cordiales Temperate. Pepper, Cardamoms the less, of each a dram, i College .] Take of wood of Aloes, Spodium Red Roses four ounces, Gallia Moschata, j of each a dram, Cinnamon, Cloves, bone of Liquorice, of each two drams, of Indian j a Stag’s-heart, the roots of Angelica, Avens, leaf, Cubebs of each two scruples, beat them j and Tormentil, of each a dram and an half, all diligently into powder. $ Pearls prepared six drams, raw Silk toasted, Culpeper .] This powder strengthens the j both sorts of Coral of each two drams, heart and stomach, helps digestion, expels \ Jacinth, Emerald, Samphire, of each half a wind, stays vomiting, and cleanses the j dram, Saffron a-scruple, the leaves of gold stomach of putrified humors. : and silver, of each ten, make them into Aromaticum Rosatum. ! powder according to art. College.] Take of Red Roses exungu- j Culpeper .] It is a great cordial, a great lated fifteen drains, Liquorice seven drams, ! strengthener of the heart, and brain, wood of Aloes, yellow Sanders, of each i Diacalaminthe Simple. three drams, Cinnamon five drams, Cloves, j College.'] Take of Mountain Calaminth, Mace, of each two drams and an half, Gum j Pennyroyal, Origanum, the seeds of Mace- Arabic and Tragacanth, of each eight \ donian Parsley, common Parsley, and scruples, Nutmegs, Cardamoms the less, j Hartwort, of each two drams, the seeds of Galanga of each one dram, Indian Spike- j Smallage, the tops of Thyme of each half nard two scruples, make it into a powder to j an ounce, the seeds of Lovage, black be kept in a glass for use. j Pepper, of each an ounce, make them into Culpeper.'] It strengthens the brain, \ powder according to art. heart and stomach, and all such internal! Culpeper.] It heats and comforts cold members as help towards decoc’tion, it li^lps j bodies,cuts thick and gross flcgm, provokes digestion, consumes the watery excrements j urine and the menses. I confess this differs of 5 the bowels, strengthens such as are pined • something from Galen, but is better for our away by reason of the violence of a disease, j bodies in my opinion than his. It expels and restores such as are in consumption. \ wind exceedingly, you may take half a Pulvus ex chelus Cancrorum compositus,. J dram of the powder at a time. There is Or Powder of.Crab’s claws compound. nothing surer than that all their powders College.] Take of Pearls prepared, Crab’s \ will keep better in Electuaries than they eyes, red Coral, white Amber, Hart’s-horn, > will in.powders, and into such a body, you 318 THE COMPLETE HERBAL - - ' - i . -r . .. > may make it with two pound and an half of j ounce, Sugar-candy, Diatragacanthum white sugar dissolved in rose water. j frigidum, ot each two drama, make,them Diacalamintha compound. \ into powder. College.] Take of Diacalamintha simple, i Culpeper.'] I do not mean the Diatraga- half an ounce, the leaves of Horehound, \ canthum ffigidum, for that is in powder Marjoram, Bawm, Mugwort, Savin dried, { before. It comforts the breast, is good in of each a drain, Cypress roots, the seeds oi l colds, coughs, and hoarseness. You may Maddir and Rue, Mace, Cinnamon, of each j mix it with any pectoral Syrups which are two scruples, beat them and mix them ' appropriated to the same, diseases, and so diligently into a powder according to art. $ take it with a Liquorice stick. Culpeper .] This seems to be more ap- i Dia/acca. preprinted to the feminine gender than the! College. Take of Gum-lacca, prepared former, viz. to bring down the terms, to j Rhubarb, Schaenanth, of each three drams, bring away the birth, and after-birth, to j Indian Spikenard, Mastich, the juice of purge them after labour, yet it is dangerous ! Wormwood and Agrimony, made thick, the for pregnant women. $ seeds of Smallage, Annis, Fennel, Amrni, Dianisum. \ Savin, bitter Almonds, Myrrh, Costus, or College.] Take of Annis seeds two > Zedoary, the roots of Maddir, Asarabacca, ounces and an half, Liquorice, Mastich, of \ Birth wort long and round,Gentian, Saffron, each an ounce, the seeds of Caraway, Fen- \ Cinnamon, dried Hyssop, Cassia Lignea, nel, Galanga, Mace, Ginger, Cinnamon, of i Bdellium, of each a dram and an half, black each five drams, the three soi ls of Pepper, ! Pepper, Ginger, of each a dram, make them Cassia Lignea, mountain Calaminth, Pel- i into powder according to art. litory of Spain, of each two drams, Carda -1 Culpeper.] It strengthens the stomach moms the greater, Cloves, Cubebs, Indian i and liver, opensobstructious, helps dropsies. Spikenard, Saffron, of each a dram and an j yellow jaundice, provokes urine, breaks half, make them into powder. * the stone in the reinsand bladder. Half a Culpeper.] It is chiefly appropriated to \ dram is a moderate dose, if the patient be the stomach, and helps the cold infirmities ' strong they may take a dram in white Wine, thereof, raw, flegm, wind, continual coughs, \ Let pregnant women forbear it. and other such diseases coming of cold. | Pidtis Cardiacus Magistral^. Y ou may safely take a dram of the electuary j College.] Take of East Bezoar, bone of at a time. You may make an electuary of ja Stag’s-heart, of each a dram and an half, it with its treble weight ot clarified Honey. \ Magisterium, of white and red Coral, white Pulvis Radicum Ari c.omposicus. j Amber, Magisterium of Pearl, HartVhorn, Or Powder of Aron Roots compound. * Ivory, Bole-anioniac, Earth of Germany, College.] Take of Aron Roots two ounces, 5 Samos and Lemnos, Elk's-claw, Tormentil of common Water Flag, and Burnet, of each \ roots, of each a dram, Wood of Aloes, one ounce, Crab's eyes, half an ounce, 1 Citron peels, the roots of Angelica and Cinnamon three drams, salt of Wormwood, j Zedoary, of each tw r o scruples, leaves of and Juniper, ot each one dram, make them j Gold twenty, Ambergris one scruple, Musk into powder. ; six grains, mix them and make them into Culpeper. j And when you have done! powder, tell me what it is good for. { Culpeper.] It is too dear for a vulgar Diaireos simple. } purse, yet a mighty cordial and great College.] Jake of Orris roots half an i strengthener of the heart and vitals in fevers. AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 319 ] )ia hi a rga lit on f) igid urn. College Take of the four greater cold seeds, the seeds of Purslain, white Poppies, Endive, Sorrel, Citrous, the three Sanders, Wood of Aloes, Ginger, red Roses exun- gulated, the flowers of Water-lilies, Bug- loss, Violets, the berries of Mirtles, bone in a Stag’sh cart, Ivory, Contra yerva, Cinna¬ mon of each one dram, both sorts of Coral, ot each half a dram, Pearls three drams, Camphire six grains, make them into pow¬ der according to art. Observe that the four greater cold seeds, and the Poppy seeds, are not to be added before the powder be required by physician for use. Do so by the other powder in the composition of which these powders are used. Culpeper. J Authors hold it to be re¬ storative in consumptions, to help such as are in hectic fevers, to restore strength lost, to help coughs, asthmaes, and consump¬ tions of the lungs, and restore such as have laboured long under languishing or pining diseases. Diainoschu Dulce. Take of Saffron, Galanga, Zedoaiy, Wood of Aloes, Mace, of each two drams, Pearls, raw Silk toasted, white Amber, red Coral prepared, Gallia Moschata, Bazil, of each two drams and anhalf,Ginger,Cubebs, Long Pepper, of each a dram and an half, Nutmegs, Indian leaf or Cinnamon, Cloves, of each one dram, Musk two scruples, make them into powder according to art. t Culpeper.'] It wonderfully helps cold afflictions of the brain, that come without a fever, melancholy and its attendants, viz. sadness without a cause, vertigo or diziness in the head, falling-sickness, palsies, resolu¬ tion of the nerves, convulsions, heart-qualms, afflictions of the lungs, and difficulty of breathing. The dose of the powder is half a dram, or two scruples, or less ; according to the age or strength of him or her that takes it. Mesne appoints it to be made into an electuary with clarified honey, and of (31, 32.) the electuary, two drams is the dose: The time of taking it is, in the morning fasting. Diamoschu Amarum College.] Is prepared by adding to the forenamed Wormwood, dried Roses, of each three drams, Aloes half an ounce, Cinnamon two drams and an half, Castorium and Lovage, of each one dram, make them into powder. Culpeper.] Besides the virtues of the former, it purges the stomach of putrified humours. Specia Dianthus. College.] Take of Rosemary flowers an ounce, red Boses, Violets, Liquorice, of each six drams, Cloves, Indian Spikenard, Nutmegs, Galanga, Cinnamon, Ginger, Zedoary, Mace, Wood of Aloes, Carda¬ moms the less, the seeds of Dill and Anis, of each four scruples, make them into pow¬ der according to art. Culpeper.] It strengthens the heart and helps the passions thereof, it causes a joyful and cheerful mind, and strengthens such as have been weakened by long sickness, it strengthens cold stomachs, and helps diges¬ tion notably. The dose is half a dram, you may make it into an electuary with honey, and take two drams of that at a time. Diapendion. College.] Take of Penides two ounces, Pine-nuts, sweet Almonds blanched, white Poppy seeds, of each three drams and a scruple, (Cinnamon, Cloves, Ginger, which three being omitted, it is a Diapendion without spices) juice of Liquorice, Gum Tragacanth and Arabic, white Starch, the four greater cold seeds husked, of each a dram and an half, Camphire seven grains, make them into powder. Culpeper.] It helps the vices of the breast, coughs, colds, hoarseness, anti con¬ sumptions of the lungs, as also such as spit matter. You may mix it with any pectoral syrup, and take it with a Liquorice stick, if you fancy the powder best, but if the 4 N 320 THE COMPLETE HERBAL electuary, vou may take a dram of it upon Cucumbers and Gourds, of each two drams, a knife’s point at any time when tlie cough * Penids three ounces, Camphire half a COIues . ‘ 1 ‘ j scruple, make of them a powder according ' to art. Also you may make an electuary white and * of them with a sufficient quantity of Syrup rding to art. \ Culpeper.] It heats the stomach and dpeper.] It cools the violent heat of} eX p e ] s w j n( p Half a dram in powder, or icart and stomach, as also of the liver, > ^ ( , rams i n electuary (for so Galen who >, and spleen, eases pains in the body,* au ^ br ()f it? appoints it to be made DiarrhodoiuA bbatis College.! Take of Sanders , , , - . . . , red, of each two drams and an half, Gum j of Violets, but have a care of what was told Tnmacanth, Arabic, Ivory of each two j you before of the seeds, scrmiles, Asarabacca roots, Mastich, Indian j Culpeper .] Makeup into an electuary. Spikenard, Cardamoms, Liquorice, Saffron, j It kelps the faults of the breast and lungs Wood of Aloes, Cloves, Gallia Moschata, looming of heat and dryness, it helps con- Annis and sweet Fennel seeds, Cinnamon, i sumptions, leanness, inflammations of the Rhubarb, Bazil seeds, Barberry seeds, the j sides, pleurises, &c. hot and dry coughs, seeds of Succory, Purslain, the four greater j roughness of the tongue and jaws, cold seeds cleansed, white Poppy seeds, of 5 Diatnon Pipenon. each a scruple, Pearls, bone of a Stag’s-heart j Cotfege.l Take of the three sorts of of each halt a scruple, red Roses e\un-j p rg ^ eac h s j x drams and fifteen gulated, one ounce and three drams, Cam j (yra j nSj Annis seeds, r l’hyme, Ginger, of each phire seven grains, make them into powder j » ne drain9 hrdt t j iem into gross powder, according to art. } Culpeper.~\ It heats the stomach and ^ T 4- xx yd rt / \ t*i /"\1 /~\ f" M CJk* 1 I* i ) * * * ~ the he< lungs, and most infirmities coming to the body by j with clarified honey, a sufficient quantity) reason of heat. The dose of the powder is \ jf ao . e and strcngt h permit,- if not, half so half a dram, and two ounces of the elec- } muc *f l is a sufficient dose, to be taken be- tuary, into which with sugar dissolved m } fore meaU if t0 i, eat the stomach and help Rose-watei you may make it. j digestion ; after meat, if # io expel wind. Diospoliticum. \ ° c College.'] Take of Cummin seeds steeped \ Diatnon bantalon. in vinegar and dried, lf>ng Pepper, Rue ; College.] Take of all the sorts of Sanders, leaves, of each an ounce, Nitre half ana j red Roses, of each three drams, Rhubarb, ounce,make them into powder. \ Ivory, Juice of Litjuorice, Purslain seeds, Culpeper.] It is an admirable remedy j of each two drams and fifteen grains, white for such whose meat is putrified in their * Starch, Gum Arabic, Tragacanth, the seeds stomachs, it helps cold stomachs, cold j of Melons, Cucumbers, Citruls, Gourds, belchings and windy. You may take half j Endive, of each a dram and an half, Carw- a dram after meat, either in a spoonful of j phire a scruple, make them into powder Muskadel, or in a Syrup of Mirtles or} according to art. Quinces, or any Cordial Water whose effects | Culpeper.] It is very profitable against is the same. ; the heat of the stomach and liver, besides, Species Diatragacantlii frigidi. \ it wonderfully helps such as have the yellow College.] Take of Gum Tragacanth tw'o j jaundice, and consumptions of the lungs, ounces, Gum Arabic an ounce and two j You may safely take a dram of the powder, drains, white Starch half an ounce, Liquorice, \ or two drams of the electuary in the morning the seeds of Melons and white Poppies, ofi fasting, for most of these powder will keep each three drams, the seeds of Citruls, {better by half in electuaries. AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 321 Pidvis Halu. 1 tive against it, and the pestilence, as one College .] Take of white Poppy seeds j sha11 usuall -f read of ' ten drams, white Starch, Gum Arabic and i Rosate JSIovelle. Tragacanth, of each three drams, the seeds j College .] Take of red Roses, Liquorice, of Purslain, Marsh-mallows, Mallows, of; of each one ounce, one dram, two scruples, each five drams, Cucumbers, Melons, land an half, Cinnamon two drams, two Gourds, Citruls, Quinces of each seven j scruples, and two grains, Cloves, Indian drams, Ivory, Liquorice, of each three j Spikenard, Ginger, Galanga, Nutmegs, drams, Penids the weight of them all, make l Zedoary, Styrax, Calamitis, Cardamoms, them into powder according to art. j Parsley seeds, of each one scruple eight Culpeper.'] It is a gallant cool powder, grains, beat them into powder, fit for all hot imperfections of the breast j Culpeper.] It quenches thirst, and stays and lungs, as consumptions, pleurisies, &c. I vomiting, and the author saith it helps hot Your best way is to make it into a soft l and dry stomachs, as also heat and dryness - ~ ’ r 1 liver, and lungs, (yet is the hot,) it strengthens the vital electuary with Syrups of Violets, and take : of the heart, it as Diatragacanthum frigidum. j powder itself Lcetificans. j spirits, takes away heart-qualms, it pro- j-. ,, -i m i a „ A frL„ 0 k^ii vokes sweat, and strengthens such as have College. 1 Take the flowers or Llove-bazil, ’ ° 1 • , , s J , c 7 w i mrv laboured under long chronical diseases, or the seeds thereof, Saffron, Zedoary, { *=> .. . ^ . rL U. -n n i -You mav take a dram or the electuary W ood of Aloes, C oves, Citron pills, Galanga, t ' . *r* -n i m i tr J 'I * n i every morning, if with clarified Honey you Mace. Nutmegs, Styrax Calamitis, ot each * j »’. . . , . * J J • ,» , e A ’• , ]u i please to make it into such a body. two drams and an half, Ivory, Anms seeds,' 1 , , Thyme, Epithimum, of each one dram.j Iulvus Thuraloes. bone of a .Stag’s heart. Pearls, Camplure, i College ] Like ot Frankincense one of each half a dram, leaves of Gold and dram, Aloes halt a dram, beat them into Silver, of each half a scruple, make it into j powder. powder according to art. j . Culpeper.] And when you have occa- Culpeper.] It causes a merry heart, ajsion to use it, mix so much of it with the helps digestion, and keeps J white of an egg, (beat the white of the egg You may mix half a dram j well first) as will make it of the thickness of or u io iaKc at one time, or less if you Honey, then dip the wool of a Hare m it, please, in any cordial Syrup, or cordial and apply it to the sore or part that bleeds, electuary appropriated to the same use-s. binding it on. Puhis Saionicus. j Pidvis Hermidactylorum compositus. CoUese. 1 Take of the roots of both sorts j Or Powder of Hermodactils compound, of Angelica, Swallow-wort, garden Valerian, I College.-] Take of mens bones burnt, Polipodium of the Oak, Marsh-mallows, \ Scammony, Hermodactils, lurbith, Sena, Nettles, of each half an ounce, the bark of|Sugar, of each equal parts, beat them into German Mezereon,two drams, twenty grains i powder. of herb True-love, the leaves of the same, ( Putvis Sena compositus major. roots and all, thirty six, the roots being! Or Powder of Sena the greater composition, steened in vinegar and dried, beat it all j College.] r I'ake of the seeds ot Annis, into powder. ° [Carraway, Fennel, Cummin, Spikenard, Culpeper] It seems to be as great an \ Cinnamon, Galanga, of each half an ounce, expcllcr of poison, and as great a preserva-S Liquorice, GromweJl, of each an ounce. good colour, back old age of it to take 322 THE COMPLETE HERBAL Sena, the weight of them all, beat it into keep it, .you may encrease the quantity powder. i analogical! y. Culpeper.] That this receipt is gallantly \ The greater cordial Powder. Fern, composed none can deny, and is an excel- 1 College.] Take ot the roots of Tonnentil, lent purge for such whose bodies as are! Dittany, Clove-gillitiowers, Scabious, the troubled with the wind cholic, or stoppage < seed of Sorrel, Coriander prepared, Citr on. either of guts or kidneys, two drams \ Carduus Benedictus, Endive, Rue, of each taken in white Wine will work sufficiently \ one dram, of the three sorts of Sanders, with any ordinary body. Let weak men j (white, red, and yellow,) Been, white and and children take less, keeping within doors, j red (or if you cannot get them, take the and warm Pulvis Sence oompositus minor roots of Avens and Tormentil, in their stead) Roman Doronicum, (a kind of wolf- Or Powder of Sena, the lesser composition. I ^ ane ) Cinnamon, Caidamoms, Saffron, the College.] Take of Sena two ounces, S flowers ? f T> both wrt* of Bugloss, (viz. Bor- Crernor Tartar half an ounce, Mace two j and Bugbss,) red Roses, and Water- scruples and an half, Ginger, Cinnamon, of.Lffies, Wood o A oes, Mace, of each two each a dram and an half, Salgem one dram, j scruples, Ivory Spodium, bone of a Stags- beat it into powder according to art. \ heart, red Coral, 1 earls, Emerald, Jacinth, Culpeper. ] This powder purges melan- * Granite of each one sci uple, raw Silk choly, and cleanses the head. j terrified, (dried oi roasted by the fire,) I Bole-amomac, Earth ot Eemnos, of each College.] Takeof'sena, Crcmor Tar - h f \ dram ’ Camphire- Ambergris, Musk, . r A * r>i n 1 of each six grains, beat them into powder tar, of each two ounces, Cloves, Cinnamon, \ ^ . , • , . , . r . . r* , A c V . , tv ' according to art, and with eigh times their Galanga, Ammi, of each two drams, Dia-$ . , A . 6 ’ ,• p , • n weight in white sugar, dissolved in Rose- cridium half an ounce, beat it into powder \ according to art. Diaturhith with Rhubarb. College.] Take of Turbith, Hermo- dactils, of each an ounce, Rhubarb ten title s h ew ) thefore they do strengthen drams, Diacrydium half an ounce, Sanders 1 that, and the vital snint. and tpIIpvp W ; water, you may make them into Lozenges, \ if you please. Culpeper.] Both this and the former powder, are appropriated to the heart, (as . i , • t-t- t -,• ,, , .that, and the vital spirit, and relieve lan- red and white, Violets, Ginger, of each a j g U i s hing nature. All these are cordial dram and an half, Mastich, Anms seeds, \ p ow ders, and seldom above half a dram of Cinnamon, Saffron, of each half a dram, j ^ eiT( given at a time. make it into powder. Culpeper.] This also purges flegm and A Powder for such as are bruised by a fall. choler -. P\ CC m u 0re me t d T re such as i College. ] Take of Terra sigillata, San- are unskilful in the rules of physic, not to \ is Dl s ac i nis> Mummy of each two drams, meccewi purges o t is nature (unless j Spermaceti one dram, beat them into prescribed by a skilful Physician lest they { p £ wder according t0 art ’ do themselves more mischief in half an hour, j Culpeper.] ySu must beat the rest into than hey can remove.n half a year. powder, and then add the Spermaceti to llic lesser cordial Powder. Fernelius. : them afterwards, for if you put the Sperma- College.] Take of Hart’s-horn, Unicorn’s \ ceti and the rest all together and go to beat horn, Pearls* Ivory, of each six grains beat! them in that fashion, you may as soon beat them into fine powder. If you mean to j the mortar into powder, as the simples. AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 323 f 4 Indeed your best way is to beat them se- t sour belchings, and indigestion, gross verally, and then mix them altogether, which • humours and cold afflictions of the stomach being done, makes you a gallant medicine \ and liver. You may take half a dram of the for the infirmities specified in the title, a j powder at a time, or two of the electuary dram of it taken in Muskadel and sweating j in the morning fasting, or an hour before after it. \ meat. It helps digestion exceedingly, Species Electuarii Dyacymini. Nicholaus. * expels wind, and heats a cold stomach. C allege.~\ Take of Cummin seeds infused \ Species Electuarii Diamargariton Calidi. a natural day in Vinegar, one ounce and \ Avicenna, one scruple, Cinnamon, Cloves, of each two i College .] Take, of Pearls and Pellitory of drams and an half, Galanga, Savory, j the Wall, of each one dram, Ginger, Calaminth, of each one dram and two l Mastich, of each half an ounce, Doronicum, scruples, Ginger, black Pepper, of each two j Zedoary, Smallage seeds, both sorts of drams and five grains, the seeds of Lovage, j Cardamoms, Nutmegs, Mace, of each two and Ammi, (Bishop’s-weed,) of each one j drams, Been of both sorts, (if they cannot dram and eighteen grains, long Pepper one j be procured take the roots of Avens and dram, Spikenard, Nutmegs, Cardamoms, of j Tormentil) black and long Pepper of each each two scruples and an half, beat them j three drams, beat them into powder and and keep them diligently in powder for your j keep them for your use. use. j Culpeper .] This (quoth Avicenna ) is ap- Culpeper .] It heats the stomach and j propriated to women, and in them to dis- bowels, expels wind exceedingly, helps the j eases incident to their matrix ; but his rea- wind cholic, helps digestion hindered by j sons I know not. It is cordial and heats cold or wind, is an admirable remedy for j the stomach. wind in the bowels, and helps quartan j Lithontribon Nicholaus, according to agues. The powder is very hot, half a dram j Fernelius. is enough to take at one time, and too much j College .] Take of Spikenard, Ginger, if the patient be feverish, you may take it j Cinnamon, black Pepper, Cardamoms, in white Wine. It is in my opinion a fine 1 Cloves, Mace, of each half a dram, Costus, composed powder. j Liquorice, Cypress,Tragacanth,Germander, Species Electuarii Diagalangce. Mesue. | of each two scruples, the seeds of Brshop’s- College.'] Take of Galanga, wood of j weed, (Ammi,) Smallage, Sparagus,* Bazil, Aloes, of each six drams, Cloves, Mace, j Nettles, Citrons, Saxifrage, Burnet, Cara- seeds of Lovage of each two drams, Ginger, \ way, Carrots, Fennel, Bruscus, Parsley of long and white Pepper, Cinnamon, Calamus | Macedonia, Burs, Seseli, (or Hartwort,) Aromaticus of each a dram and an half, j Asarabacca, of each one dram, Lapig Calaminth, and Mints dried. Cardamoms j Spongiae, Lyncis, Cancri, Judaici, of each the greater, Indian Spikenard, the seeds of f one dram and an half, Goat’s blood pre- Smallage, Annis, Fennel, Caraway, of each i' pared an ounce and half, beat them all into one dram, beat them into powder according j powder according to art. to art. Also it may be made into an elec- \ Culpeper .] It heats the stomach, and tuary with white sugar dissolved in Malaga ! helps want of digestion coming through wine, or twelve times the weight of it of j cold, it eases pains in the belly and loins, clarified Honey. s the .Illiac passion, powerfully breaks the Culpeper.'] Mesue quotes it only as an elec- j stone in the reins and bladder, it speedily tuary, which he saith prevails against wind, > helps the cholic, stranguary, and disury. (33,34.) " 4o 324 THE COMPLETE HERBAL The dose is from a dram to half a dram, l Saphire, bone of a Stags heait, of each take it either in white Wine, or decoction of\ one dram, beat them into powder accord- herbs tending to the same purposes. ingtoart. PleresArcmticon. Nicholaus. \ Culpeper .] The title tells you the virtue College .I Take of Cinnamon, Cloves, of it, besides, it cheers the vital spirits, and Galanova Wood of Aloes, Indian Spikenard, j strengthens the heart. A ou may take half Nutmegs, Ginger, Spodium, Schcenanthus, a dram every morning either by itself, or Cypress, Roses, Violets of each one dram, j mixed with any other convenient composi- Indian Leaf or Mace, Liquorice, Mastich, \ tion, whether Syrup or Electuary. Styrax Calamitis, Marjoram, Costmary, or \ Diaturbith the greater , without Rhubarb. '■ Water-mints, Bazil, Cardamoms, long and \ College.] Take of the best Turbith an white Pepper, Myrtle berries, and Citron \ ounce, Diagridium, Ginger, of each half an pills, of each half a dram and six grains, j ounce, Cinnamon, Cloves, of each two Pearls, Been white and red, (or, if they be 1 drams, Galanga, long Pepper, Mace, of each wanting, take the roots of Avens and Tor-j one dram, beat them into powder, and with mentil in their stead) red Coral, torrified j eight ounces and five drams of white sugar Silk, of each eighteen grains, Musk six > dissolved in Succory Water, it may be made grains, Camphire four grains, beat them,} into an electuary. into powder according to art, and with tenjl Culpeper.] It purges flegm, being rightly times their weight in sugar dissolved in \ administered by a skilful hand. I fancy it Bawm water, you may make them into an i not. electuary. Culpeper.] It is exceedingly good for; A Powder for the Worms. College.] Take of Wormseed, four sad, melancholy, lumpish, pensive, grieving, i ounces, Sena, one ounce, Coriander seeds vexing, pining, sighing, sobbing, fearful, j prepared, Hart*s-horn, of each half a dram, careful spirits, it strengthens weak stomachs: Rhubarb half an ounce, dried Rue, two exceedingly, and help such as are prone to j drams, beat them into powder, faintings and swoonings, it strengthens such | Culpeper.] I like this powder very well, as are weakened by violence of sickness, it j the quantity (or to write more scholastically, helps bad memories, quickens all the senses, ] the dese) must be regulated according to strengthens the brain and animal spirits,: the age of the patient, even from ten grains helps the falling-sickness, and succours i to a dram, and the manner of taking it by such as are troubled with asthmas, or other | their palate. It is something purging, cold afflictions of the lungs. It will keep * *!■■■■■■■ best in an electuary, of which you may take j ' . 1 ' ' a dram in the morning, or more, as age and \ ELECTUARIES, strength requires. \ A Preservative Powder against the Pestilence. * Antidotus Analeptica. Montagnam. j College.] Take of red Roses, Liquorice, College .] Take of all the Sanders, (white, j of each two drams and five grains, Gum red, and yellow,) the seeds of Bazil, of each * Arabic and Tragacanth, of each two drams an ounce and an half, Bole Amoniac, Cin- \ and two scruples, Sanders white and red, namon, of each an ounce, the roots of j each four scruples, juice of Liquorice, white Dittany, Gentian, and Tormentil, of each i Starch, the seeds of white Poppies, Purslain, two drams and an half, the seeds of Citron \ Lettuce, and Endive, of each three drams, the and Sorrel, of each two drams, Pearls, \ four greater cold seeds husked, of Quinces, AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 325 Mallows, Colton, Violets, Pine-nuts, fistic ] Nuts, sweet Almonds, pulp of Sebestens, of] each two drams, Cloves, Spodium, Cinna- j mon, of each one dram, Saffron five grains, j Penids half an ounce, being beaten, make j them all into a soft electuary with three j times their weight in Syrup of Violets. \ Culpeper.] It restores consumptions, and ! hectic fevers, lost strength, it nourishes.' much, and restores radical moisture, opens \ the pores, resists clioler, takes away coughs, j quenches thirst, and resists fevers. You! may take an ounce in a day, by a dram at j a time, if you please. ] Confectio Alkermes. ? College .] Take of the juice of Apples, j Damask Rose-water, of each a pound and \ an half, in which infuse for twenty-four* hours, raw Silk four ounces, strain it ] strongly, and add Syrup of the berries of \ Cherms brought over to us, two pounds, $ Sugar one pound, boil it to the thickness of ] Honey; then removing it from the fire \ whilst it is warm, add Ambergris cut small ,\ half an ounce, which being well mingled, 1 put in these things following in powder, j Cinnamon, Wood of Aloes, of each six] drams, Pearls prepared, two drams, Leaf- j Gold a dram, Musk a scruple, make it up i according to art. : Culpeper.'] Questionless this is a great? cordial, and a mighty strengthener of the heart, and vital spirits, a restorer of such as are in consumptions, a resister of pesti¬ lences and poison, a relief to languishing nature, it is given with good success in * fevers, but give not too much of it at a! a time, lest it prove too hot for the body, \ and too heavy for the purse. You may: mix ten grains of it with other convenient j cordials to children, twenty or thirty to! men. i Eleduarium e Sassaphras. j College.] Take of Sassafras two ounces, j common Water three pounds, boil it to the \ consumption of the third part, adding,? towards the end, Cinnamon bruised half an ounce, strain it, and with two pounds of white sugar, boil it to the thickness of a Syrup, putting in, in powder, Cinnamon, a dram, Nutmegs, half a scruple, Musk three grains, Ambergris, two and thirty grains, ten leaves of Gold, Spirit of Vitriol four drops, and so make it into an electuary according to art. , Culpeper.] It opens obstruction of the liver and spleen, helps cold rheums or de- fiuxions from the head to the lungs, or teeth, or eyes, it is excellent in coughs, and other cold afflictions of the lungs and breast, it helps digestion, expels wind and the gravel of the kidneys, it provokes the menses, warms and dries up the moisture of the womb, which is many times the cause of barrenness, and is generally a helper of all diseases coming of cold, raw thin humours, you may take half a dram at a time in the morning. Electuarium cle Baccis Lauri. Or Electuary of Bay-berries. College.] Take of the leaves of dried Rue ten drams, the seeds of Ammi, Cummin, Lovage, Origanum, Nigella, Caraway, Carrots, Parsley, bitter Almonds, Pepper black and long, wild Mints, Calamus Aromaticus, Bay-berries, Castorium of each two drams, Sagapenum half an ounce, Opopanax three drams, clarified Honey a pound and an half, the things to be beaten; being beaten, and the Gums dissolved in Wine, make it into an electuary according to art. Culpeper.] It is exceeding good either in the cholic, or Iliac passion, or any other disease of the bowels coming of cold or wind, it generally eases pains in the bowels. You may give a dram in the morning fast¬ ing, or half an ounce in a clyster, according as the disease is. Diacapparit. College.] Take of Capers four ounces, Agrimony Roots, Nigella seeds, Squils, Asarabacca, Ceiltaury, black Pepper, Small- 526 THE COMPLETE HERBAL a«-e, Thyme of each an ounce, Honey three! therefore stops fluxes, neither do I know a times their weight, make it into an electuary j better medicine in all the dispensatory for according to art. \ such as have a consumption accompanied Culpeper.'] They say it helps infirmities \ with looseness. It stops the menses and of the spleen, and indeed the name seems to j Eluor Albus. Take but a dram at a time promise so much, it may be good for cold * every morning, because of its binding bodies, if they have strength of nature in j quality, except you have a looseness, for t h em# \ then you may take so much two or three Diacinnamoimum. \ times a day. * College.] Take of Cinnamon fifteen j Diacorum. drams, Cassia Lignea, Elecampane roots, j College.] Take of the roots of Cicers, of each half an ounce, Galanga, seven j Acorus, or Calamus Aromaticus, Pine-nuts, drams, Cloves, long Pepper, both sorts of $ of each a pound and a half, let the Cicers Cardamoms, Ginger, Mace, Nutmegs, j roots, being cleansed, cut, boiled, and Wood of Aloes, of each three drams. Saffron, j pulped, be added to ten pounds of clarified one dram, Sugar five drams, Musk two \ honey, and boiled, (stirring it) to its just scruples, adding according to the prescript \ thickness, then being removed from the of the Physician, and byaddingthree pounds \ fire, add the Acorus roots beaten, the Pine- eight ounces of clarified Honey, boil it and 1 nuts cut, and these following in powder, make it into an electuary according to art. j Take of black Pepper an ounce, long Pepper, Culpeper.] Diacinnamomum , or in plain | Cloves, Ginger, Mace, of eaeli half an English, A composition of Cinnamon , heats l ounce, N utmegs, Galanga, Cardamons, of the stomach, causes digestion, provokes the j each three drams, mix them with the roots menses, strengthens the stomach and other j and Honey into an electuary according to art. parts that distribute the nourishment of the* Culpeper.] The electuary provokes lust, body, a dram of it taken in the morning \ heats the brain, strengthens the nerves, fasting, is good for ancient people and cold \ quickens the senses, causes an acute wit, bodies, such as are subject to dropsies and \ eases pains in the head, helps the falling- diseases of flegm, or wind, for it comforts j sickness and convulsions, coughs, catharrs, and strengthens nature much. If you take \ and all diseases proceeding from coldness it to help digestion, take it an hour before! of the brain. Half a dram is enough to meat, do so in all things of like quality. * take at one time, because of its heat. Diacorallion. ! Peony is an herb of the sun, the roots of College.] Take of Coral white and red, jit cure the falling-sickness. Bole-amoniac, Dragon’s-blood, of each one \ Diacydonium simple. dram, Pearls half a dram, Wood of Aloes, j College.] Take of the flesh of Quinces red Roses, Gum Tragacanth, Cinnamon, of \ cut and boiled in fair water to a thickness, each two scruples, Sanders white and red, j eight pounds, white sugar six pounds, boil of each one scruple, with four times its j it to it just thickness, weight in sugar dissolved in small Cinna-* Diacydonium with Species. mon Water, make it into an electuary, j College.] Take of the juice of Quinces, according to art. \ Sugar, of each two pounds, white Wine Culpeper.] It comforts and strengthens \ Vinegar half a pound, added at the end of the heart exceedingly, and restores such as \ the decoction, it being gently boiled, and the are in consumptions, it is cooling, therefore j scum taken away, add Ginger two ounces, good in hectic fevers, very binding, and j white Pepper ten drams and two scruples* AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 327 -i * ■ ■ - ■ ■ --—— - ; ~ ~ bruise them grossly, and boil it again to the \ Antidotim Hamagogum. thickness of Honey. 1 College .] Take of Lupines husked two Diacydonium compound , Magisterial. 5 drams, black Pepper five scruples and six College .] Take of white Sugar six pounds, 1 grains. Liquorice lour scruples, long Birth- Spring Water four pounds, clarify them j wort, Mugwort, Cassia Lignea, Macedonian well with the white of an egg, scumming j Parsley seed, Pellitory of Spain, Rue seed, them, then take of ripe Quinces cleansed i Spikenard, Myrrh, Pennyroyal, of each two from the rind and seeds, and cut in four \ scruples and fourteen grains, the seeds ot quarters, eight pounds, boil them in the j Smallage, Savin, of each two scruples and foregoing Syrup till they be tender, then j thirteen grains, Centaury the greater, Cre- strain the Syrup through a linen cloth, $ tish Carrots, Nigella, Caraway, Annis, rocata Anglice , Boulter; boil them again to i Cloves, Alum, of each two scruples, Bay a jelly, adding four ounces of white wine! leaves one scruple, one half scruple, and Vinegar towards the end ; remove it from!three grains, Schaenanth one scruple and the fire, and whilst it is warm put in these \ thirteen grains, Asarabacca, Calamus Aroma¬ following species in powder, Ginger an j ticus, Amomum, Centaury the less, the seed ounce, white Pepper, Cinnamon, Nutmegs,! of Orrach, Peony, Fennel, of each one of each two drams, keep it for use. \ scruple and six grains, wood of Aloes, a Culpeper .] The virtues of all these three' scruple and fourteen grains, Cypress, are, they comfort the stomach, help diges- \ Elecampane, Ginger, Cappar roots,Cummin, tion, stays vomiting, belcliings, See. stopOrobus, of each one scruple, all of them fluxes and the menses. They are all harm-j being beaten into very fine powder, let less, you may take the quantity of a nut-$ them be made into an electuary according meg of them at a time, before meat to help \ to art, with four times their weight in sugar, digestion and fluxes, after meat to stay j let it stand one month before you use it. vomiting, in the morning for the rest. t Culpeper. ] It provokes the menses, brings Confectio de Hyacintho. x away both birth and after-birth, the dead College .] Take of Jacinth, red Coral, {child, purges such as are not sufficiently Bole-amoniac, Earth of Lemnos, of each 1 purged after travail, it provokes urine, half an ounce, the berries of Chernies, the! breaks the stone in the bladder, helps the Roots of Tormentil and Dittany, the seeds j stranguary, disury, iskury, Sc c. helps in- of Citrons, Sorrel, and Purslain, Saffron, j digestion, the cholic, opens any stoppings in Myrrh, red Roses exungulated, all the sorts \ the body, it heats the stomach, purges the of Sanders, bone of a Stag’s heart, Hart’s -1 liver and spleen, consumes wind, stays horn, Ivory prepared, of each four scruples, i vomiting, but let it not be taken by preg- Samphire, Emerald, Topaz, Pearls, raw \ nant women, nor such people as have the Silk, leaves of Gold and Silver, of each two j hemorrhoids. The dose is from one dram scruples, Camphire, Musk, Ambergris, of j to two drams, each five grains, with Syrup of Lemons i Diasatyrion. make it into a confection according to art. i College Take of Satyrion roots three Culpeper'] It is a great cordial and jounces, Dates, bitter Almonds, Indian Cool, exceeding good in acute fevers and ] Nuts, Pine nuts, Festick nuts, green Ginger, pestilences, it mightily strengthens and j Eringo roots preserved, of each one ounce, cherishes the heart. Never above half a j Ginger, Cloves, Galanga, Pepper long and dram is given at a time, very seldom, so j black, of each three drams, Ambergris much. i one scruple, Musk two scruples, Pen ins (33, 34.) ' i r 328 THE COMPLETE HERBAL four ounces, Cinnamon, Saffron, of each; half an ounce, Malaga Wine three ounces, Nutmegs, Mace, Grains of Paradise, of each two drams, Ash-tree keys, the belly and loins and Scinks, Borax, Benjamin, of each three d rams, wood of Aloes, Cardamoms, College.] Take of the juice of Liquorice, sweet Almonds, Hazel-Nuts, of each half an ounce, Pine-nuts an ounce, Hysop, Maidenhair, Orris, Nettle seeds, round Birthwort, of each a dram and an half, black Pepper, the seeds of Water-cresses, of each two drams, the seeds of Nettles and! the roots of Elecampane, of each halt a Onions, the roots of Avens, of each a dram j dram, Honey fourteen ounces, make them and and half, with two pounds and an half ] into an electuary according to art. of Syrup of green Ginger, make them into { Culpeper.'] It strengthens the stomach an electuary according to art. j and lungs, and helps the vices thereof. Take Electuarium Diaspermaton. \ it with a Liquorice stick. College. 1 Take of the four greater and j Theriaca Diatessaron. lesser, cold seeds, the seeds of Asparagus, j College.] Take of Gentain, Bay-berries, Burnet, Bazil, Parsley, Winter Cherries, of ] Myrrh, round Birthwort, of each two ounces, each two drams, Grom well, Juice of Liquo- 1 Honey two pounds, make them into an rice, of each three drams, Cinnamon, Mace, ] electuary according to art. of each one dram, with eight times their] Culpeper.] This is a gallant electuary, weight in white Sugar dissolved in Marsh-]It wonderfully helps cold infirmities of the mallows water, make it into an electuary'] brain, as convulsions, falling-sickness, dead according to art. \ palsies, shaking palsies, &c. As also the Culpeper.] It breaks the stone, and pro- \ stomach, as pains there, wind, want ot vokes urine. Men may take half an ounce \ digestion, as also stoppings ot the liver, at a time, and children half so much, in dropsies, it resists the pestilence and poison, water of any herb or roots, &c. (or decoc- j and helps the bitings ot venomous easts, tion of them) that break the stone. } The dose is from halt a dram to two drams, Micleta. I according to the age and strength of the barks of all the! patient, as also the strength of the diseases: each two drams'] you may take it either in the morning, or of Water-cresses, ] when urgent occasion calls tor it. • Ammi, Caraway, ] Diascordium. „ Ullllll half, bruise the] College.] Take ot Cinnamon, Cassia seeds and sprinkle them with sharp white ] Lignea, of each half an ounce, Scordium, wine Vinegar, then beat them into powder, j an ounce, Dittany of Crete, loimentil, and add the Mirobalans, and these things ] Bistort, Galbanum, Gum Arabic, of each that follow, Spodium, Balaustines, Sumach,; half an ounce, Opium one dram ana an Mastich, Gum Arabic, of each one dram; half, Sorrel seeds one dram and a half, and fifteen grains, mix them together, and | Gentain half an ounce, Bole-amomac an with ten ounces of Syrup of Myrtles, make \ ounce and an half, Earth of Lemnos half them into an electuary according to art. ] an ounce, long Pepper, Ginger, of each two Culpeper.] It gently eases the bowels of] drams, clarified Honey two pounds and an the wind cholic, wringing of the bowels, ] half, Sugar of Roses one pound, Canaiy infirmities of the spleen, it stops fluxes, the] Wine ten ounces, make them into an elec- hemorrhoids, as also the menses. ; tuary according to art. Electuarium Pectorale. ] Culpeper.] It is a well composed elec- Or a Pectoral Electuary. ] tuary, something appropriated to the nature College.] Take of the Myrobalans torrified, of and an half, the seeds Cummin, Annis, Fennel, of each a dram and an AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 829 of women, for it provokes the menses, * cold infirmities of the brain, and stopping hastens labour, helps their usual sickness j of the passage of the senses, (viz. hearing, at the time of their lying in; I know nothing j seeing, smelling, &c.) by cold, it expels better, it stops fluxes, mightily strengthens ! wind, helps die cholic, provokes appetite to the heart and stomach, neither is so hot j one's victuals, it helps ulcers in the bladder, but it may safely be given to weak people,! if Galen say true, as also difficulty of urine, and besides provokes sleep. It may safely ! it casts out the dead child, and helps such be given to young children ten grains at! women as cannot conceive by reason of a time, ancient people may take a dram \ cold, it is an admirable remedy for melan- or more. It is given as an excellent cor-lcholy, and all diseases of the body coming dial in such fevers as are accompanied with j through cold, it would fill a whole sheet of want of sleep. College .] Mithridate. Take \ paper to reckon them all up particularly. ; You may take a scruple or half a dram in of Myrrh, Saffron, j the morning, and follow your business, two Agarick, Ginger, Cinnamon, Spikenard, j drams will make you sweat, yea one dram Frankincense, Treacle, Mustard seeds, of! if your body be weak, for then two drams each ten drams, the seeds of Hartwort, \ may be dangerous because of its heat. Opobalsamum, or oil of Nutmegs by ex- j Ph,/Ionium Persicum. press.on Schenantb Stoechas, Costus, Gal- CM fake of white Pepper, the barium, iurpentme long Pepper,Cas onum,, , w J hke Henbane, of each two drams, m.ce of Hypocrstis, Styrax, Calam.tis | Q . ,, Earth of Lemn os , ofeac h ten drams Opopanax, Indian leaf, or for want of itj^ H ’ ematitus , Sa fifroof each fire drams Mace, of each an ounce, Cassia Eignea, * - r ~ •• - - jCastorium, Indian Spikenard, Euphorbium Arabic,Macedonian Parsley seeds, Opium, i x r . ’ J 1 ’ Onto an electuary according to art Culpeper It stops blood flowing from any part of the body, the immoderate flowing of the menses, the hemorrhoids in Cardamoms the less, Fennel seed, Gentian, | red Rose leaves, Dittany of Crete, of each \ r five drams, Annis seeds, Asarabacca, Orris \ Acorns, the greater Valerian, Sagapcn, of! - .... c 11 11 in i , ’ * -«r . ’• R 1 , ir 5 men, spitting of blood, b'oody fluxes, and each three drums, Meum Acuc.a the be lies j jg rofi | abl e for such women as are subject of Souks the tops of St John s Wort, of , o ' miscar ,. Sec the ncxt rcceipt . J each two drams and an half, Malaga Wine, 5 so much as is sufficient to dissolve the juices ? and gums, clarified Honey the treble weight! of all, the wine excepted, make them into! Henbane seeds, of each five drams, Opium an electuary according to art y : sec tne next receipt. Phi/lojiium Roman tim. College .] Take of white Pepper, white __ _ 1 two drams and an half, Cassia Lignea a Culpeper It is good against poison \ dram and an half, the seeds of Smallage a and such as have done themselves wrong by i dram, Parsley of Macedonia, Fennel, taking filthy medicines, it provokes sweat, \ Carrots of Crete, of each two scruples and it helps continual waterings of the stomach, j five grains, Saffron a scruple and, an half, ulcers in the body, consumptions, weakness ! Indian Spikenard, Pellitory of Spain, of the limbs, rids the body of cold humours, \ Zedoary fifteen grains, Cinnamon a dram and diseases coming of cold, it remedies land an half, Euphorbium prepared, Myrrh, S 30 THE COMPLETE HE R BAL Castorium, of each a dram with their treble J Rhapontic, Stoechas, Horeliound, Macedo. weight in clarified Honey, make it into an \ nian Parsley seed, Calaminth, Cypress, electuary. 1 Turpentine, the roots of CinqmToyl and Electuarium de Ovo. \ Ginger, of each six drains, Poley Mountain, Or electuary of Eggs. iChamepitis, Celtic Spikenaid, Aniomus, College.'] Take a Hen’s Egg new laid, j Styrax Calamitis, the roots of Meum, the and the white being taken out by a small Hops of Germander, the roots of Rhapontic hole, fill up the void place with Saffron, j Earth of Lemnos, Indian Leaf, Chalcitis leaving the yolk in, then the hole being j burnt, or instead thereof Roman Vitriol stopped, roast it in ashes till the shell begin j burnt, Gentian roots, Gum Arabic, the juice to look black, take diligent heed the Saffron \ of Hypositis, Carpobalsamum or Nutmegs, burn not, for then is the whole medicine j or Cubebs, the seeds of Annis, Cardamoms, spoiled, then the matter being taken out j Fennel, Hartwort, Acacia, or instead there- dry, if so that it may be beaten into powder j of the juice of Sloes made thick, the seeds and add to it as much powder of white \ of Treacle Mustard, and Ammi, the tops of Mustard seed as it weighs. Then take the j St. John’s Wort, Sagapen, of each four roots of white Dittany and Tormentil, of i drams, Castorium, the roots of long Birth- each tw*o drams, Myrrh, Hart’s-horn, Peta-j wort, Bitumen, Judaicum, Carrot seed, sitis roots, of each one dram, the roots oft Opopanax, Centaury the less, Galbanum, of Angelica and Burnet, Juniper Berries,! each two drams, Canary V ine enough to Zedoary, Camphire of each half an ounce, \ dissolve what is to be dissolved, Honey the mix them all together in a mortar, then add \ treble weight of the dry species, make them Venice Treacle the weigh of them all, stir j into an Electuary according to art. them about with a pestle three hours I Culpeper .] It resists poison, and the together, putting in so much Syrup of J bitings of venomous beasts, inveterate head- Lemons, as is enough to make it into an ; aches, vertigo, deafness, the falling-sickness, electuary according to art. \ astonishment, apoplexies, dulness of sight, Cidpeper .] A dram of it given at a time, * want of voice, asthmaes, old and new is as great a help in a pestilential fever as a t coughs, such as spit or vomit blood, such as man shall usually read of in a Galenist. t can hardly spit or breathe, coldness of the It provokes sweat, and then you shall be j stomach, wind, the cholic, and illiac passion, taught how to use yourself. If years do the yellow jaundice, hardness of the spleen, not permit, give not so much. \ stone in the reins and bladder, difficulty of Theriaca Andromachi. t urine, ulcers in the bladder, fevers* dropsies, Or Venice Treacle. \ leprosies, it provokes the menses, brings College .] Take of Troches of Squilst forth birth and after-birth, helps pains in forty-eight drams, Troches of Vipers, long \ the joints, it helps not only the body, but Pepper,Opium ofThebes,Magma, Hedycroi | also the mind, as vain fears, melancholy, dried, of each twenty-four drams, redj&c. and is a good remedy in pestilential Roses exungulated, Orris, Illirick, juice of j fevers. You may take half a dram and go Liquorice, the seeds of sweet NavewJ about your business, and it will do you Scordium, Opobalsamum, Cinnamon, t good if you have occasion to go in ill airs, Agerick, of each twelve drams, Myrrh, j or in pestilent times, if you shall sweat under Costus, or Zedoary, Saffron, Cassia Lignea,t it, as your best way is, if your body be not Indian Spikenard, Schenanth, Pepper white! in health, then take one dram, or between £nd black, Olibanum, Dittany of Crete, $ one and two, or less than one. according as AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 331 age ancl strength is, if you cannot take this or any other sweating medicine by itself, mix it with a little Carduus or Dragon’s water, or Angelica water, which in my opinion is the best of the three. Theriacca Londinensis. Or London Treacle. College.'] Take of Hart’s-horn two ounces, the seeds of Citrons, Sorrel, Peony, Bazil, of each one ounce, Scordium, Coral- liana, of each six drams, the roots of Angelica, Tormentil, Peony, the leaves ot Dittany, Bay-berries, Juniper-berries, of each half an ounce, the flowers of Rosemary, Mari¬ golds, Clove Gilliflowers, the tops of Saint John’s Wort, Nutmegs, Saffron, of each threedrams, the Roots of Gentian, Zedoary, Ginger, Mace, Myrrh, the leaves of Scabi¬ ous, Devil’s-bit, Carduus, of each two drams, Cloves, Opium, of each a dram, Malaga Wine as much as is sufficient, with their treble weight in Honey, mix them accord¬ ing to art. Culpeper ] The receipt is a pretty cor¬ dial, resists the pestilence, and is a good antidote in pestilential times, it resists poi¬ son, strengthens cold stomachs, helps diges¬ tion, crudities of the stomach. A man may safely take two drams of it in a morning, and let him fear no harm. Diacrocuma. College.] Take of Saffron, Asarabacca roots, the seeds of Parsley, Carrots, Annis, Smallage, of each half an ounce, Rhubarb, the roots of Meum, Indian Spikenard, of each six drams, Cassia Lignea, .Costus, Myrrh, Schenanth, Cubebs, Madder roots, the juices of Maudlin, and Wormwood made thick, Opobalsamum, or oil of Nut¬ megs, of each two drams, Cinnamon, Calamus Aromaticus, of each a dram and an half, Scordium, Cetrach, juice of Liquo¬ rice, of each two drams and an half, Iraga- canth a dram, with eight times their weight in white sugar, dissolved in Endive water, (33, 34.) J and clarified, make it into an electuaiy according to art. Culpeper.] It is exceeding good against cold diseases of the stomach, liver, or spleen, corruption of humours and putre¬ faction of meat in the stomach, ill favoured colour of the body, dropsies, cold faults in the reins and bladder, provokes urine. Take a dram in the morning. PURGING ELECTUARIES. Ben edict a Laxativa. College.] Take of choice Turbith ten drams, Diacridium, bark of Spurge Roots prepared, Ilermodactils, Red Roses, of each five drams, Cloves, Spikenard, Ginger, Saffron, long Pepper, Amomus, or for want of it Calamus Aromaticus, Cardamoms the less, the seeds of Smallage, Parsley, Fennel, Asparagus, Bruscus, Saxifrage, Gromwell, Caraway, sal. gem. Galanga, Mace, of each a dram, with their treble weight of clarified Honey: make them into an electuary according to art. Also you may keep the species itself in your shops. Culpeper.] It purges flegm, chiefly from the joints, also it purges the reins and bladder. Cari/ocostmum. College.] Take of Cloves, Costus, or Zedoary, Ginger, Cummin, of each two drams, Ilermodactils, Diacridium, of each half an ounce: with their double weight of Honey clarified in white wine, make them into an electuary according to art. Culpeper .] Authors say it purges hot rheums, and takes away inflammations in wounds, I assure you the electuary works violently, and may safely be given in clysters, and so you may give two or three drams at a time, if the patient be strong. For taken otherwise it would kill a horse cum privilegio . Cassia Extracta pro Clysteribus. Or Cassia extracted for Clysters. 4 Q 332 THE COMPLETE HERBAL College .] Take of the leaves of Violets, . Mallows, Beets, Mercury, Pellitory of the j Wall, Violet flowers, of each a handful, j toil them in a sufficient quantity of water, \ the benefit of which let the Cassia be ex-! ounces, Violet flowers a handful and an not have the unskilful too busy about purges without advice of a physician. Eiacassia with Manna. College .] Take of Damask Prunes two tracted, and the canes washed; then take j of this Cassia so drawn, and boil it to its \ consistence, a pound, Sugar a pound and a ! half, boil them to the form of an electuary j according to art. \ Culpeper.] You may take it in whites Wine, it is good for gentle bodies, for if your \ body be hard to work upon, perhaps it will j not work at all; it purges the reins gallantly, 1 and cools them, thereby preventing thej stone, and other diseases caused by their 1 heat Electuarium Amarum Magistrate majns. { Or the greater bitter Electuary. j College .] Take of Agarick, Turbith, ! Species Hiera Simplex, Rhubarb, of each \ one dram, choice Aloes unwashed two l drams, Ginger, Crystal of Tartar, of each! two scruples, Orris, Florentine, sweet! Fennel seeds, of each a scruple, Syrup of j Roses solutive as much as is sufficient to j make it into an electuary according to art. j Electuarium Amarum minus. j Or the lesser bitter Electuary. > College.'] Take of Epithimum half an! ounce, the roots of Angelica three drams,! of Gentian, Zedoary, Acorus, of each two j drains, Cinnamon one dram and an half,I Cloves, Mace, Nutmegs, Saffron, of each one dram, Aloes six ounces, with Syrup of! Fumitory, Scabious and Sugar so much as j is sufficient to make it into a soft electuary. \ Culpeper.] Both these purge choler, the \ former ftegm, and this melancholy, the! former works strongest, and this strengthensj most, and is good for such whose brains are \ annoyed. You may take half an ounce of \ the former, if your body be any thing* strong, in white Wine, if very strong an* ounce, a reasonable body may take an! ounce of the latter, the weak less. I would \ half, Spring Water a pound an an half, boil it according to art till half be consumed, strain it, and dissolve in the decoction six ounces of Cassia newly drawn, sugar of Violets, Syrup of Violets, of each four ounces. Pulp of Tamarinds an ounce, Sugar Candy an ounce and an half, Manna two ounces, mix them, and make them into an electuary according to art. Culpeper.] It is a fine cool purge for such as are bound in the body, for it works gently, and without trouble, it purges choler, and may safely be given in fevers coming of choler : but in such cases, if the body be much bound, the best’ way is first to administer a clyster, and then the next morning an ounce of this will cool the body, and keep it in due temper. Cassia extract a sine soliis Sence. Or Cassia extracted without the leaves of Sena. College.] Take twelve Prunes, Violet flowers a handful, French Barley, the seed of Annis, and bastard Saffron, Polypodium of the Oak, of each five drams, Maiden¬ hair, Thyme, Epithimum, of each half a handful, Raisins of the Sun stoned half an ounce, sweet Fennel seeds two drams, the seeds of Purslain, and Mallows, of each three drams, Liquorice half an ounce, boil them in a sufficient quantity of water, strain them and dissolve in the decoction, pulp of Cassia two pounds, of Tamarinds an ounce, Cinnamon three drams, Sugar a pound, boil it into the form of an electuary. Cassia extracta cum soliis Sena. Or Cassia extracted with the leaves of Sena. College.] Take of the former receipt two pounds, Sena in powder two ounces, mix them according to art. Culpeper .] This is also a fine cool gentle AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 333 purge, cleansing the bowels of choler and | aforesaid pulp, the pulp of Cassia, and melancholy without any griping, very fit \ Tamarinds, of each one ounce, then mix for feverish bodies, and yet the former is * with it these powders following: Sanders gentler than this. They both cleanse and \ white and red, Spodium, Rhubarb, of each cool the reins ; a reasonable body may take j three drams, red Roses, Violets, the seeds an ounce and an half of the former, and an \ of Purslain, Succory, Barberries, Gum ounce of the latter in white Wine, if they ! Tragacanth, Liquorice, Cinnamon, of each keep the house, or their bodies be oppressed ! two drams, the four greater cold seeds, of with melancholy, let them take half the j each one dram, make it into an electuary quantity in four ounces of decoction of j according to art. Epithimum. ; Culpeper .] It may safely, and is with Diacarthamum. \ good success, given in acute, burning, and College .] Take of Diatragacanthum \ all other fevers, for it cools much, and frigidum, half an ounce, pulp of preserved j loosens the body gently: it is good in agues, Quinces an ounce, the inside of the seeds of j hectic fevers, and Mirasmos. You may Bastard Saffron half an ounce, Ginger two j take an ounce of it at a time, at night when drams, Diacrydium beaten by itself three j you go to bed, three hours after a light drams, Turbith six drams, Manna two! supper, neither need you keep your cham- ounces, Honey of Roses solutive, Sugar: ber next day, unless the weather be very Candy, of each an ounce, Hermodactils half $ cold, or your body very tender, an ounce, Sugar ten ounces and an half, j Diaprunum solutive. make of them a liquid electuary according | College .] Take of Diaprunum Lenitive to art. ” | whilst it is warm, four pounds, Scammony Diaphcenicon. 5 prepared two ounce and five drams, mix College.'] Take of the pulp of Dates \ them into an electuary according to art. boiled in Hydromel, Penids, of each half; Seeing the dose of Scammony is increased a pound, sweet Almonds blanched, three \ according to the author in this medicine, ounces and an half, to all of them, being i you may use a less weight of Scammony if bruised and mixed, add clarified Honey ; you please, two pounds, boil them a little, and then j Catholicon. strew in Ginger, long Pepper, Mace, Cin- j College.] Take of the pulp of Cassia namon, Rue leaves, the seeds of Fennel and $ and Tamarinds, the leaves of Sena, of each Carrots, of each two drams, Turbith four * two ounces, Polypodium, Violets, Rhubarb, ounces, Diacridium an ounce and an half, 5 of each one ounce, Annis seeds, Penids, make of them an electuary according to j Sugar Candy, Liquorice, the seeds of art. ? Gourds, Citruls, Cucumbers, Melons, of Culpeper.] I cannot believe this is so \ each two drams, the things to be bruised profitable in fevers taken downwards as j being bruised, take of fresh Polypodium authors say, for it is a very violent purge. j three ounces, sweet Fennel seeds six drams, Diaprunum Lenitive. j boil them in four pounds of water till the College.] Take one hundred Damask j third part be consumed, strain it, and with Prunes, boil them in water till they be soft, * two pounds of sugar, boil the decoction to then pulp them, and in the liquor they were ithe thickness of a Syrup; then with the boiled in, boil gently one of Violet flowers,; pulps and powder make it into an elec- strain it, and with two pounds of sugar boil j tuary according to art. it to a Syrup, then add half a pound of the * Culpeper.] It is a fine cooling purge for 834 THE COMPLETE HERBAL any part of the body, and very gentle, it j too much; you may take it in white wine, may be given (an ounce, or half an ounce land keep yourself warm. If you would at a time, according to the strength of the ; have my opinion of it, I do not like it. patient) in acute, or peracute diseases, for it \ Confectio Hamech. gently loosens the belly, and adds strength, { College. ] Take of the bark of Cition, it helps infirmities of the liver and spleen, j Myrobalans two ounces, Myiobalans, gouts of all sorts, quotidian, tertian, ancLChebs and blacks, Violets, Colocynthis, quartan agues, as also head-aches. It is | Polypodium of the Oak, of each one ounce usually given in clysters. If you like to j and an half, Wormwood, rhyme, of each take it inwardly, you may take an ounce at \ half an ounce, the seeds of Annis, and night going to bed ; in the morning drink Fennel, the flowers of red Roses of each a draught of hot posset drink and go about three drams, let all of them being bruised, your business. 5 be infused one day in six pounds pf Whey, Electuarium de Citro Solutivum. \ then boiled till half be consumed, rubbed Or Electuary of Citrons, solutive. j with your hands and pressed out: to the College.'] Take of Citron pills preserved, j decoction add juice of Fumitory, pulp of conserves of the flowers of Violets and: Prunes, and Raisins of the Sun, of each Bugloss, Diatragacanthum frigidum, Dia-j half a pound, white Sugar, clarified Honey, crydium, of each half an ounce, Turbith \ of each one pound, boil it to the thickness five drams, Ginger half a dram, Sena six j of Honey, strewing in towards the end. drams, sweet Fennel seeds one dram, white i Agarick trochiscaled, Sena of each two sugar dissolved in Rose-water, and boiled \ ounces, Rhubarb one ounce and an half, according to art, ten ounces, make a solid j Epithimum one ounce, Diacrydium six electuary according to art. \ drams, Cinnamon half an ounce, Ginger Culpeper.] Here are some things very $ two drams, the seeds of Fumitory and cordial, others purge violently, both put | Annis, Spikenard, of each one dram, make together, make a composition no way pleas- j it into an electuary according to art. ing to me ; therefore I acconut it a pretty $ Culpeper .} The receipt is chiefly appro- receipt, good for nothing. \ printed as a purge for melancholy and salt Electuarium Elescoph. jflegm, and diseases thence arising, as scabs, College.] Take of Diacrydium, Turbith, 1 itch, leprosies, cancers, infirmities of the of each six drams, Cloves, Cinnamon, Gin- j skin, it purges adust humours, and is good gcr, Myrobalans, Emblicks, Nutmegs,: against madness, melancholy, forgetfulness, Polypodium, of each two drams and an j vertigo. It purges very violently, and is half, Sugar six ounces, clarified Honey ten j not safe given alone. I would advise the ounces, make it into an electuary according 1 unskilful not to meddle with it inwardly : to art. j You may give half an ounce of it in clys- Culpeper.] It purges choler and flegm, \ ters, in melancholy diseases, which com* and wind from all parts of the body, helps jtnonly have astringency a constant corn- pains of the joints and sides, the cholic, it 1 panion with them, cleanses the reins and bladder, yet 1 advise! Electuarium Lenitimm. you not to take too much of it at a time, for! Or Lenitive Electuary, it works pretty violently, let half an ounce! College.] Take of Raisins of the Sun be the most, for such whose bodies are; stoned, Polypodium of the Oak, Sena, of strong, always remembering that you had i each two ounces, Mercury one handful and better ten times take too little, than once an half, Jujubes, Sebestens, of each twenty, AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 335 of it going morning. Maidenhair, Violets, French Barley, of each * in powder, and so make it into an electuary one handful, Damask Primes stoned, } according to art. Tamarinds of each six drams. Liquorice; Culpeper.'] It purges choler, and is good half an ounce, boil them in ten pounds of jin tertian agues, and diseases of the joints, water till two parts of the three be con- j it purges violently, therefore let it be warily sumed; strain it, and dissolve in the decoc- ; given. tion, pulp of Cassia, Tamarinds, and fresh \ Hiera Picra simple. Prunes, Sugar of Violets, of each six ounces,; College ,.] Take ot Cinnamon, Xylobal- Sugar two pounds, at last add powder ofjsamum, or wood of Aloes, the roots of Sena leaves, one ounce and an half, Annis; Asarabacca, Spikenard, Mastich, Saffron, seeds in powder, two drams to each pound j of each six drams, Aloes not washed twelve of electuary, and so bring it into the form: ounces and an half, clarified Honey four of an electuary according to art. ; pounds and three ounces, mix them into an Culpeper .] It gently opens and molifies [electuary according to art. Also you may the bowels, brings forth choler, fiegm, and j keep the species by itself in your shops. melancholy, and that without trouble, it is | Culpeper .] It is an excellent remedy for cooling, and therefore is profitable in pleu- j vicious juices which lie furling the tunicle risies, and for wounded people : A man of j of the stomach, and such idle fancies and reasonable strength may take an ounce \ symptoms which the brain suffers thereby, to bed, which will work next! whereby some think they see, others that ; they hear strange things, especially when Electuarium Passulatum. j they are in bed, and between sleeping and College.^ Take of fresh Polypodium i'™ k ‘ n S ' besides this, it very gently purges roots three ounces, fresh Marsh-mallow 1 the belly and helps such women as are not roots, Sena, of each two ounces, Annis! silently purged after their U-avail. seeds two drams, steep them in a glazed j r , - teta wi\ i gar/c. vessel, in a sufficient quantity of spring! Take of species H.era, simple water boil them according to art; strain it w,t lo f , f Aloes > Aganck trochiscated, of and with pulp of Raisins of the Sun half aj each ha, a " °“ n “’ Aloes not washed 0116 pound, white Sugar, Manna, of each four! oui ; ce ’ , clarlfied Hon 7 “ x ounces ’ ‘ mx “> ounces, boil it to the thickness of a Cydo- and makc 11 lnto an electuar > r according to niate, and renew it four times a year. t ar >, , - T , ... . . . r n 7 i t* *1 , ~ * Culpeper. Look but to the virtues of Culpeper.\ It gently purges both choler; f r J and melancholy, cleanses the reins and ! A S anck and add the ™ t0 the virtues of the bladder, and therefore is good for the stone! fo ™ ler re r cel P l > s ,° 18 , tke buslness done w,th - and gravel in the kidneys. ; J ° ; Hiera, Logaan. Electuarium e succo Rosarum, j College .] Take of Coloquintida, Poly- Or Electuary of the Juice of Roses. j podium, of each two drams, Euphorbium, ’ College.'] Take of Sugar, the juice ofj Poley mountain, the seeds of Spurge, of red Roses clarified, of each a pound and leach one dram and an half, and six grains, four ounces, the three sorts of Sanders of j Wormwood, Myrrh, of each one dram and each six drams, Spodium three drams, i twelve grains, Centaury the less, Agarick, Diacydonium twelve drams, Camphire a \ Gum Ammoniacum, Indian leaf or Mace, scruple, let the juice be boiled with the \ Spikenard, Squills prepared, Diacrydium sugar to its just thickness, then add the rest'of each one dram, Aloes, Thyme, German- (33, 34.) 4 r 336 THE COMPLETE HERBAL der, Cassia Lignea, Bdellum, Horehound, * half an ounce, filings of steel prepared with of each one scruple and fourteen grains, $ Vinegar twenty drains, let the Myrobalans Cinnamon, Oppopanax, Castorium, long j be roasted with fresh butter, let therest, being Birth wort, the three sorts of Pepper, j powdered, be sprinkled with oil of sweet Saga pen, Saffron, Parsley of each twodrams, j Almonds, then add Musk one dram, and Hellebore black and white, of each six \ with their treble weight in Honey, make it grains, clarified Honey a pound and a half, j into an electuary according to art. mix them, and make of them an electuary I Culpeper. ] It helps the immoderate according to art. Let the species be kept \ flowing of the menses in women, and the » I -.___ _ _ _ .. . I _ _ . - . . 4 L -v V X Mil 1 \ /X 1 /"« n 1 lx 1XX /X IX X T“ lx f V I IX n X *T ^X .X I v xx n 1 dry in your shops. 7 C- j lnemorrhoids in men, it helps weakness of J J r * 7 I Culpeper. ] It takes away by the roots \ the stomach, and restores colour lost, it aily evils coming of melancholy, falling- 5 frees the body from crude humours, and d sickness. SH.M1C35, vertigo, convulsions, megrim, j strengthens the bladder, helps melancholy, leprosies, and many other infirmities; for j and rectifies the distempers of the spleen my part I should be loth to take it inwardly j You may take a dram in the - : . morning, in j two if your body be any thing strong. Triphera solutive. College.~\ Take of Diacrydium, ten drams, Turbith, an ounce and an half. unless upon desperate occasions, or clysters. It may well take away diseases by the roots, if it takes away life and all ILiera Diucolocynthiclos. .-, -, —- - -- _, College.] Take of Colocynthis, Agarick, j Cardamoms the less, Cloves, Cinnamon, Germander, white Horehound, Stoechas, of! Honey, of each three drams, yellow San- each ten drams, Opopanax, Sagapen, Parsley ! ders, Liquorice, sweet Fennel seeds, of each seeds, round Birthwort roots, white Pepper I half an ounce, Acorns, Schoenanth, of each of each five drams, Spikenard, Cinnamon, a dram, red Roses, Citron pills preserved, Myrrh, Indian leaf or Mace, Saffron, of! of each three drams, Violets two drams, each four drams, bruise the Gums in a \ Pcnids four ounces, white Sugar half a . -’ -- ^ tv ,-- - - y, - - mortar, sift the rest, and with three pounds \ pound, Honey clarified in juice of clarified honey, three ounces and five! one pound, make an electuary ac of Apples according to drams, make it into an electuary according! art to art. > Culpeper .] The Diacrydium and Tur- Culpeper.] It helps the falling-sickness, \ bith, are a couple of untoward purges, the madness, and the pain in the head called j vest are all cordials. Kephalalgia, pains in the breast and stomach \ Athanasia Mithridatis. Galen, whether they come by sickness or bruises, \ College.'] Take of Cinnamon, Cassia, pains in the loins or back-bone, hardness of j Schoenanth, of each an ounce and an half, womens breasts, putrefaction of meat in the ! Saffron, Myrrh, of each one ounce, Costus, stomach, and sour belchings. It is but j Spignel, (Meum,) Acorus, (Water-flag used seldom and therefore hard to be gotten. | perhaps they mean. See the root in the Triphera the greater. ; Catalogue of Simples,) Agarick, Scordium,. College.] Take of Myrobalans, Chebs,! Carrots, Parsleyq of each half an ounce, Bellericks, Inds and Emblicks, Nutmegs, j white Pepper eleven grains, Honey so much of each five drams, Water-cress seeds, \ as is sufficient to make it into an electuary Asarabacca roots, Persian Origanum, or j according to art. ^ ^ ^ ” inst poison beasts, and their AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 337 Sugar stomach, stays vomiting of blood, helps j Calamitis two drams and an half, old coughs, and cold diseases in the liver,! dissolved in Hyssop water, and clarified spleen, bladder, and matrix. The dose isj Honey, of each twice the weight of all the half a dram. j rest, make them into an electuary accord- Electuarium scoriaferri. Rhasis. \ ing to art. College .] Take of the flakes of Iron in-1 Culpeper J] The electuary is chiefly ap- fused in Vinegar seven days and dried, | propriated to the lungs, and helps cold in- three drams, Indian Spikenard, Schoenanth, \ firmities of them, as asthmaes, coughs, dif- Cypress, Ginger, Pepper, Bishop’s weed, j Acuity of breathing, &c. You may take it Frankincense, of each half an ounce, j with a Liquorice stick, or on the point of Myrobalans, Indian Bellericks, and Em- blicks, Honey boiled with the decoction of Emblicks, sixteen ounces, mix them a knife, a little of it at a time, and often. Diasatyrion. N ich. College .] Take of the roots of Satyrion together, and make of them an electuary. 1 fresh and sound, garden Parsnips, Eringo, Culpeper.'] The medicine heats the spleen \ Pine-nuts, Indian Nuts, or if Indian Nuts, gently, purges melancholy, eases pains in j be wanting, take the double quantity of the stomach and spleen, and strengthens \ Pine-nuts, Fistic-nuts, of each one ounce digestion. People that are strong may take 1 and an half, Cloves, Ginger, the seeds of half an ounce in the morning fasting, and \ Annis, Rocket, Ash Keys, of each five weak people three drams. It is a good j drams, Cinnamon, the tails and loins of remedy for pains and hardness of the! Scincus, the seedsof Bulbus Nettles, of each spleen. I two drams and an half, Musk seven grains, Confectio Humain. Mesue. \ of the best sugar dissolved in Malaga Wine, College.] Take of Eyebright two ounces, j three pounds, make it into an electuary Fennel seeds five drains, Cloves, Cinnamon, j according to art. Cubebs, long Pepper, Mace, of each one I Culpeper.] It helps weakness of the dram, beat them all into powder, and with j reins and bladder, and such as make water clarified Honey one pound, in which boil j with difficulty, it provokes lust exceedingly, juice of Fennel one ounce, juice of Celan-jand speedily helps such as are impotent in dine and Rue, of each half an ounce, and ? the acts of Venus. You may take two with the powders make it up into an elec-$ drams or more at a time, tuary. \ Matthiolus his Culpeper.] It is chiefly appropriated to \ and Pestilence. the brain and heart, quickens the senses,! College.] Take of Rhubarb, Rhapontic, especially the sight, and resists the pesti-; Valerian roots, the roots of A corns, or lence. You may take half a dram if your,'Calamus Aromaticus, Cypress, Cinquefoy], body be hot, a dram if cold, in the morning j Tormentil, round Birth wort, male Peony, fasting. j Clecampane, Costus, Ulirick, Orris, white Diaireos Solomonis. Nich. jChamelion, or Avens, of each three drams, College.] Take of Orris roots one ounce, | the Roots of Galanga, Masterwort, white Pennyroyal, Hyssop, Liquorice, of each six i Dictamni, Angelica, Yarrow, Fillipendula drams, Tragacanth, white Starch, bitter j or Dropwort, Zcdoary, Ginger, of each Almonds, Pine-nuts, Cinnamon, Ginger, | two drams, Rosemary, Gentian, Devil’s-bit, Pepper, of each three drams, fat Figs, the \ of each two drams and an half, the seeds pulp of Raisins of the Sun, and Dates, of {of Citrons, and Agnus Castus, the berries each three drams and an half, Styrax, | of Kermes, the seeds of Ash-tree, Sorrel, great antidote against Poison 838 THE COMPLETE HERBAL wild Parsnips, Navew, Nigella, Peony the \ choice Honey eight pounds six ounces, male, Bazil Hedge Mustard, (Irio) Treacle \ These being all chosen and prepared with Mustard, Fennel, Bishop’s-weed, of each j diligence and art, let them be made into an two drams, the berries of Bay, Juniper, j electuary just as Treacle or Mithridate is. and Ivy, Sarsaparilla, (or for want of it the $ Culpeper .] I lie title shews you the scope double weight of Cubebs,) Cubebs, of each \ of the author in compiling it, I believe it is one dram and an half, the leaves ot Scot- j excellent for those uses. The dose ol this dium. Germander, Chamepitys, Centaury j is from a scruple to four scruples, or a dram the less, Stcechas, Celtic Spikenard, Cala- \ and an half: It provokes sweating abun- minth, Rue, Mints, Betony, Vervain, j dantly, and in this or any other sweating Scabious, Carduus Benedictus, Bawm, off medicine, order your body thus : Take it in each one dram and an half, Dittany of j bed, and cover yourself warm, in your Crete three drams, Marjoram, St. John's j sweating, drink posset-drink as hot as you Wort, Schcenanth, Horehound, Goats Rue, j can, if it be fora fever, boil Sorrel and red Savin, Burnet, of each two drams, Figs, j Sage in posset-drink, sweat an hour or two if Walnuts, Fistic-nuts, of each three ounces, {your strength will bear it, then the chamber Emblicks, Myrobalans half an ounce, the \ being kept very warm, shift yourself all but flowers of Violets, Borrage, Bugloss, Roses, 5 your head, about which (your cap which Lavender, Sage, Rosemary, of each fourj you sweat in being kept on) wrap a hot scruples,Saffron threedrams, Cassia Lignea, \ napkin, which will be a means to repel the ten drams, Cloves, Nutmegs, Mace, of each \ vapours back. This I hold the best method two drams and an half, black Pepper, long \ for sweating in fevers and pestilences, in Pepper, all the three sorts of Sanders, wood ! which this electuary is very good. I am of Aloes, of each one dram and an half, j very loth to leave out this medicine, which Hart's-horn half an ounce, Unicorn's-horn, j if it were stretched out, and cut in thongs, or in its stead, Bezoar stone, one dram, * would reach round the world, bone in a Stag's heart, Ivory, Stag's pizzle, j Requies. Nicholaus. Castoreum, of each four scruples, Earth of * College.'] Take of red Rose leaves, the Lemnos three drams, Opium one dram and t whites being cut off, blue Violets, of each an half, Orient Pearls, Emeralds, Jacinth, \ three drams, Opium of Thebes, dissolved red Coral, of each one dram and an half, jin Wine, the seeds of white Henbane, Camphire two drams, Gum Arabic, Mastich, \ Poppies white and black, the roots of Man- Frankincense, Styrax, Turpentine, Saga- j drakes, the seeds of Endive, Purslain, garden penum, Opopanax, Laserpitium, or Myrrh, \ Lettuce, Psyllium, Spodium, Gum Traga- of each two drams and an half, Musk, % canth, of each two scruples and five grains, Ambergris, of each one dram, oil of Vitriol 1 Nutmegs, Cinnamon, Ginger, of each a dram half an ounce, species cordiales temperatae, \ and an half, Sanders, yellow, white, and Diamargariton, Diamoscu, Diambra, Elec- \ red, of each a dram and an half, Sugar tuarij de Gemmis, Troches of Camphire, j three times their weight, dissolved in Rose- of Squills, of each two drams and an half, \ water: mix them together, and make of Troches of Vipers two ounces, the juice of! them an electuary according to art. Sorrel, Sow Thistles, Scordium, Vipers Bug-1 Culpeper.] I like not the receipt taken loss, Borrage, Bawm, of each half a pound, 1 inwardly. Hypocistis two drams, of the best Treacle; Electuarium Regince Colmiens. and Mithridate, of each six ounces, old! College.] Take of the seeds of Saxifrage Wine three pounds, of the best Sugar, or land Gromwell, juice of Liquorice, of each AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 339 halt' an ounce, the seeds of Caraway, [ Pilulce Aggregative. Annis, Smallage, Fennel, Parsley of Mace- j College .] Take of Citron, Myrobalarjs, donia, Broom, Carrots, Bruscus, Asparagus, Rhubarb, of each half an ounce, juice of Lovage, Cummin, Juniper, Rue, Siler j Agrimony and Wormwood made thick, of Mountain, the seeds of A corns, Pennyroyal, j each two drams, Diagridium five drams, Cinquefoyl, Bay berries, of each two drams, j Agarick, Colocynthis, Polypodium of each Indian Spikenard, Schcenanth, Amber, twodrams,Turbith, Aloes, of each six drams, Valerian, Hogs Fennel, Lapis Lincis, of Mastich, red Roses, Sal. Gem. Epithymum, each a dram and an half, Galanga, Ginger, \ Annis, Ginger, ot each a dram, with Syrup Turbith, of each two drams, Sena an ounce, \ of Damask Roses, make it into a mas 4 Goat’s blood prepared half an ounce, mix * according to art. them together: first beat them into powder, j Culpeper .] It purges the head of choler, then make them into an electuary accord- j flegm and melancholy, and that stoutly : it ing to art, with three times their weight in: is good against quotidian agues, and faults Sugar dissolved in white Wine. j in the stomach and liver, yet because it is Culpeper.'] It is an excellent remedy for I well corrected if you take but half a dram the stone and wind cholic, a dram ot it; at a time, and keep yourself warm, I sup- taken every morning : I assure such as are i pose you may take it without danger, troubled with such diseases, I commend it j Pilulce Alcephcmgince . to them as a iewel. \ College.] Take of Cinnamon, Cloves, | Cardamoms the less, Nutmegs, Mace, Cala- ■ — i mus AromaticuSjCarpobalsamum, or Juniper j berries, Squinanth, Wood of Aloes, yellow PILLS. : Sanders, red Roses dried, Wormwood, of _ y.. *i „ * , „ , ; each half an ounce, let the tincture be taken Culpeper.] Pills in Giee „aie ca e »; out Q f these, being grossly bruised in spirit Katopotia , in Latin, Pilulce . w nc sigm es ; c f ^ine, die vesse l being close stopped ; in little balls, because they aie mat e up in sue i » q iree p 0unds of this tincture, being strained a form, that thay may 3 e t ie ^ettei sw a om- j cdsscdve Aloes one pound, which being dis- cd down, by reason of the offensiveness of| solved> add Mastich, Myrrh, of each half their taste. pan ounce, Saffron two drains, Balsam of Pilulce de Agarico. * Peru one dram, the superfluous liquor being Or Pills of Agarick > consumed, either over hot ashes, or a bath, College.] Take of Agarick three drams,: bring it into a mass of pills, our own blue Orris roots, Mastich, Hore-t Culpeper.] It cleanses both stomach and hound, of each one dram, Turbith five $ brain of gross and putrifled humours, and drams, Species Hiera Picra half an ounce, * sets the senses free when they are thereby Colocynthis, Sarcocol, of each two drams, | troubled, it cleanses the brain offended by Myrrh one dram, Sapa as much as is suf- ? ill humours, wind, &c/ helps vertigo and ficient to make it into a mass according to \ head-aches, and strengthens the brain ex- ar j ;> * ceedingly,helpsconcoction, and strengthens Culpeper.] It was invented to cleanse j the stomach, one dram taken at night going the breast and lungs of flegm, it worksjlo bed, will work gently next day : it the pretty strongly. Half a dram at a timed party be weak, you may give less, if strong (keeping yourself warm,) cannot well do youq more. If you take but half a dram, you harm, unless your body be very weak. J jnay go abroad the next day: but if you take (33, 34.) ’ 4 s 340 THE COMPLETE HERBAL a dram, you may keep the house; there * can be no harm in that. \ Pilules de Aloe Lota. Or Pills of washed Aloes. 1 College.'] Take of Aloes washed withj juice of red Roses, one ounce, Agarick three \ drams, Mastich two drams, Diamoscu \ Duke half a dram, Syrup of Damask-roses, j so much as is sufficient to make it into a 5 mass according to art. i Culpeper.] It purges both brain, stomach, j bowels, and eyes of putrified humours, and * also strengthens them. Use these as the* succeeding. Aloe Rosata. College.] Take of Aloes in powder four \ ounces, juice of Damask Roses clarified one j pound, mix them and digest them in the 1 sun, or in a bath, till the superfluous liquor \ be drawn off, digest it, and evaporate it t four times over, and keep the mass. } Culpeper.] It is a gallant gentle purger of j choler, frees the stomach from superfluous \ humours, opens stoppings, and other infir- j mities of the body proceeding from choler} and flegm, as yellow jaundice, &c. and j strengthens the body exceedingly. Take a \ scruple, or half a dram at night going to j bed, you may walk abroad, for it will hardly 1 work till next day in the afternoon. Pilules Aureee. College.] Take of Aloes, Diacrydium, j of each five drams, red Roses, Sinallage \ seeds, of each two drams and an half, the'; Pilulce Cochins , the greater. College.] Take of Species, Hiera Picra, ten drams, Troch, Alhandal, three drams and an half, Diacrydium two drams and an half, Turbith, Stcechas, of each five drams, with a sufficient quantity of Syrup of Stoechas, make it into a mass, according to art. Culpeper.] It is held to purge the head, but it is but a dogged purge at best, and must be given only to strong bodies, and but half a dram at a time, and yet with great care. Pilules Cochies, the less. College.] Take of Aloes, Scammony, Colocynthis, of each one ounce, with equal parts of Syrup of Wormwood, and of purg¬ ing thorn, make it into a mass according to art. Pilules de Cynoglosso . Or Pills of Hound’s-tongue. College.] Take of the Roots of HoundV tongue dried, white Henbane seed, Opium prepared, of each half an ounce, Myrrh six drams, Olibanum five drams, Saffron, Castoreum, Sty rax, Calamitis, of each one dram and an half, with Syrup of Stcechas, make it into a mass. Culpeper.] It stays hot rheums that fall down upon the lungs, therefore is good in phthisics, also it mitigates pain, a scruple is enough to take at a time going to bed, and too much if your body be weak : have a care of ooiates for fear they make you sleep seeds of Annis and Fennel, of each one i your last. dram and an half, Mastich, Saffron, Troch, j Pilules ex Duobus. Alhandal, of each one dram, with a sufficient 1 Or Pills of two things, quantity of Honey Roses, make it into aj College.] Take of Colocynthis, and mass according to art. I Scamony, of each one ounce, oil of Cloves Culpeper.] They are held to purge the \ as much as is sufficient to malax them well, head, to quicken the senses, especially the j then with a little Syrup of purging 1 horn, sight, and to expel wind from the bowels, \ make it into a mass, but works something harshly. Half a dram \ Pilules de Eupatorio. is the utmost dose, keep the fire, take them j Or Pills of Eupatorium. in the morning, and sleep after them, they \ College.] Take of the juice of Maudlin, will work before noon. * and Wormwood made thick, Citron, Myro- AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 341 balans, of each three drams, Rhubarb three j dram and an half, with the Syrup of the drams and an half, Mastich one dram, Aloes \ juice of Coleworts made with honey, make it five drams, Saffron half a dram, Syrup of! into a mass according to art. the juice of Endive, as much as is sufficient! Culpeper.'] They are good against the to make it into a mass. \ gout, and other cold afflictions of thejoints. Culpeper .] It is a gallant gentle purge, \ These are more moderate by half than and strengthening, fitted for such bodies as j Filulce Feeticlce, and appropriated to the are much weakned by disease of choler. $ same diseases. The author appropriates it to such as have! Filulce de Hiera cum Agarico. tertian agues, the yellow jaundice, ob- \ Or Pills of Hiera with Agarick. structions or stoppings of the liver; half a i College.] Take of Species Hiera Picra, dram taken at night going to bed, will work j Agarick, of each half an ounce, Aloes one with an ordinary body, the next day by ? ounce, Honey Roses so much as is sufficient noon. | to make it into a mass according to art. Pilules Fectidic. j Pilulce Imperiales. Or Stinking Pills. j Or Imperial Pills. College.] Take of Aloes, Colocynthis,; College.] Take of Aloes two ounces, Ammoniacum,Sagapen, Myrrh, Rue-seeds, \ Rhubarb one ounce and an half, Agarick, Epithymum, of each five drams, Scamony j Sena, of each one ounce, Cinnamon three three drams, the roots of Turbith half an \ drams, Ginger two drams, Nutmegs, Cloves, ounce, the roots of Spurge the less prepared, 1 Spikenard, Mastich, of each one dram : Hermodactils of each two drains, Ginger! with Syrup of Violets, make it into a mass onedram and an half,Spikenard,Cinnamon,! according to art. Saffron, Castoreum, of each one dram, \ Culpeper.] It cleanses the body of mixt Euphorbium prepared two scruples, dissolve ! humours, and strengthens the stomach cx- the Gums in juice of Leeks, and with! ceedingly, as also tfie bowels, liver, and it is good for cold natures. Syrup made with the juice ot JLeeks and \ natural spirits Sugar, make it into a mass. 1 and cheers the spirits. The dose is a scruple, Culpeper.] They purge gross and raw j or half a dram, taken at night, flegm, and diseases thereof arising; gouts j Filulce de Lapicle Lazuli. of all sorts, pains in the back-bone, and Or Pills of Lapis Lazuli. other joints: it is good against leprosies, j College.] Take of Lapis Lazuli in pow- and other such like infirmities of the skin, i der and well washed, five drams, Epithy- I fancy not the receipt much. i mum, Polypodium, Agarick, of each an Pilulce de Hermodactilis. ; ounce, Scamony, black Hellebore roots, Or Pills of Hermodactils. :Sal. Gem. of each two drams and an half. College.] Take of Sagapen six drams, j Cloves, Annis seeds, of each half an ounce, Opopanax three drams, melt them in warm j Species Hiera simple fifteen drams, with juice of Coleworts, so much as is sufficient, i Syrup of the juice of Fumitory, make it then strain it through a convenient rag, j into a mass according to art. afterwards boil it to a mean thickness, then \ Culpeper. It purges melancholy very take of Hermodactils, Aloes, Citron, Myro-: violently, balans, Turbith,Coloquintida, soft Bdellium, j Filulce Maori. of each six drams, Euphorbium prepared,: College.] Take of Aloes two ounces, the seeds of Rue and Smallage, Castoreum, j Mastich half an ounce, dried Marjoram two Sarcocol, of each three drains, Saffron one drams, Salt of Wormwood onedram, make 342 THE COMPLETE HERBAL them all, being in powder, into amass ac-ithe Gums being dissolved in clarified juice cordino- to art with juice of Coleworts and \ of Coleworts, with Syrup of the juice of Sugar, so much as is sufficient. ^ Coleworts, make them into a mass accoid- Culpeper.] It strengthens both stomach j ing to art. and brain, especially the nerves and mus- \ Culpeper.'] It helps tremblings, palsies, cles, and eases them of such humours as \ gouts of all sorts, cleanses the joints, and is afflict them, and hinder the motion of the! helpful for such as are troubled with cold body, they open obstructions of the liver! afflictions of the nerves. It works violently, and spleen, and takes away diseases thence! Pilulce Radii. comino'. " j College.] Take*of Coloquintida six drams, Pilulce Mcistichince. \ Agarick, Scamony, the roots of black Hclle- Or Mastich Pills. ) bore, and Turbith, of each half an ounce. College.] Take of Mastich two ounces,f Aloes one ounce, Diarrhodon Abbatis halt Aloes tour ounces, Agarick, Species Iliera j an ounce, let all of them (the Diarrh. Abbatis simple, of each one ounce and an half, > excepted) be grossly bruised, and infused with Syrup of Wormwood, make it into a?eight days in the best spirits of Wine in a mass according to art. I vessel close stopped, in the sun, so that the Culpeper] They purge very gently, but \ liquor may swim at top the breadth of six strengthen much, both head, brain, eyes, j fingers: afterwards infuse the Diarrhodon belly, and reins. ! Abbatis in the same manner four days in Pilulce Mechoacance. jAqua vitae, then having strained and Or Pills of Mechoacan. $ pressed them hard, mix them both together. College.] Take of Mechoacan roots half! casting the dross away, and draw off the an ounce, Turbith three drams, the leaves 1 moisture in a glass Alembick, and let the of Spurge steeped in Vinegar and dried, j thick matter remain in a mass. ^ the seeds of Walwort, Agarick trochiscated, | Culpeper.] It cleanses both head and of each two drams, Spurge roots prepared,; body of choler, fiegm, and melancholy : it. Mastich, of each one dram and an half, | must not be taken in any great quantity, Mace, Cinnamon, Sal. Gem. of each two \half a drain is sufficient for the strongest scruples, beat them into powder, and with \ body. white Wine, bring them into a mass. When j Pilulce Russi. it is dry, beat it into powder, and with Syrup \ College.] Take of Aloes two ounces, made with the juice of Orris roots and sugar, 1 Myrrh one ounce, Saffron half an ounce, 1 *« .1 1 J ! * ». _ f* - - L * .1 O . ^ r 4-U hiinn /\I I Ain AnC Tim L’ P make it the second time into a mass for j with Syrup of the juice of Lemons, make pills. 5 it into a mass according to art. Culpeper.] They purge fiegm very \ Culpeper.] A scruple taken at night violently. 1 going t° bed, is an excellent preservative in Pilulce de Opopanace. * pestilential times ; also they cleanse the Or Pills of Opopanax. i body of such humours as are gotten by sur- College.] Take of Opopanax, Sagapen, j feits, they strengthen the heart, and weak Bdellium, Ammoniacum, Hermodactils, \ stomachs, and work so easily that you need Coloquintida, of each five drams, Saffron, \ not fear following your business the next Castoreum, Myrrh, Ginger, white Pepper, s day. Cassia Lignea, Citron, Myrobalans, of each! one dram, Scamony two drams, Turbith j ..— - half an ounce, Aloes an ounce and an half, j College.] Take of washed Aloes fourteen Pilulce sine Quibus. Or Pills without which AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 343 drams, Scammony prepared six drams, \ of each two drams, Aloes five drams, Agaric Agarick, Rhubarb, Sena, of each half anI a dram and an half, long Birthwort half a ounce, Wormwood, red Roses exungulated, j dram, with Syrup of Wormwood make it Violet flowers, Dodder, Maslich, of each (into a mass. one dram, salt of Wormwood, of each half j Culpeper.'] It amends the evil state of a a dram, with Syrup of the juice of Fennel ; woman's body, strengthens conception, and made with Honey, make it into a mass j takes away what hinders it; it gently purges according to art. ; choler and tiegm, and leaves a binding, Culpeper.] It purges flegm, choler, and \ strengthening quality behind it. melancholy from the head, makes the sight Pilules ex Tribus. and hearing good, and gives ease to a bur dened brain. Pilulee Stomach ice. Or Stomach Pills. Or Pills of three things. College.] Take of Mastich two ounces, Aloes four ounces, Agarick, Hiera simple, | of each an ounce and an half, Rhubarb two College.] Take of Aloes six drams, j ounces, Cinnamon two drams, with Syrup of Mastich, red Roses, of each two drams, \ Succory, make it into a mass according to with Syrup of Wormwood, make it into a mass according to art. art. Culpeper .] They gently purge choler, Culpeper] They cleanse and strengthen the * and help diseases thence arising, as itch, stomach, they cleanye but gently, strengthen scabs, wheals, &c. They strengthen the much, help digestion. Pilules Stomachics cum Gummi. Or Stomach Pills with Gums. College.] Take of Aloes an ounce, Sena \ stomach and liver, and open obstructions, as also help the yellow jaundice. Pilulee Turpeti Aurccc. College.] Take of Turbith two ounces. five drains, Gum Amoniacuin dissolved in j Aloes an ounce and an half, Citron Myro- Elder-tlower Vinegar half an ounce, Mastich, balans ten drams, red Roses, Mastich, of Myrrh, of each a dram and an half, Saffron, j each six drams, Saffron three drams, beat salt of Wormwood, of each half a dram, \ them all into powder, and with Syrup of with Syrup of purging Thorn, make it into5 Wormwood bring them into a mass, a mass according to art. j Culpeper.] They purge choler and flegm, Culpeper.] They work more strongly \ and that with as much gentleness as can be than the former. \ desired ; also they strengthen the stomach Pilules e Sti/race. land liver, and help digestion. Or Pills of Styrax. \ Laudanum. College.] Take of Styrax Calamitis, \ College.] Take of Thebane Opium ex- Olibanum, Myrrh, juice of Liquorice, \ traded in spirit of Wine, one ounce, Saffron Opium, of each half an ounce, with Syrup; alike extracted, a dram and an half, Cas- of white Poppies, make it into amass ac-jtorium one dram: let them be taken in cording to art. \ tincture of half anounceof species Diambne i Culpeper.] They help such as are i newly made in spirit of Wine, add to them troubled with defluxion of rheum, coughs, j Ambergris, Musk, of each six grains, and provoke sleep to such as cannot sleep (oil of Nutmegs ten drops, evaporate the ior coughing. : moisture away in a bath, and leave the Pilules de Succino. ! mass. Or Pills of Amber j Culpeper.] It was invented (and a gal- College.] Take of white Amber, Mastich, Uant invention it is) to mitigate violent (35 36.) ' 4 t 344 THE COMPLETE HERBAL pains, stop the fumes that trouble the brain 1 seldom used, and therefore are hardly to be in fevers, (but beware of Opiates in the be- - 1 ginning of fevers) to provoke sleep, take not above two grains of it at a time, going to bed ; if that provoke not sleep, the next night you may make bold with three. Have had. Pills of Rhubarb. Mesue. College .] Take of choice Rhubarb three drams, Citron Myrobalans, Trochisci Diarr- hodon, of each three drams and an half. operation is Pilules Assaireth. Avicenna. College .] Take of Species Hiera Picra f a care how you be too busy with such;juice of Liquorice, and juice of Worm- medicines, lest you make a man sleep to \ wood, Mastich, of each one dram, the seeds doom’s-day. \ of Smallage and Fennel, of each half a Nepenthes Opiatum. \ dram, Species Hiera Picra simp. Galeni, College.] Take of tincture of Opium \ ten drams, with juice of Fennel not clarified, made first with distilled Vinegar, then with \ anc ^ Honey so much as is sufficient, make it spirit of Wine, Saffron extracted in spirit of \ int P amass ; T . n , Wine, of each an ounce, salt of Pearl and! Ciupeperl] It purges cholei, opens o Coral, of each half an ounce, tincture obstructions of the liver, helps the ye ow species Diambrae seven drams, Ambergris j jaundice, and dropsies in the beginning, one dram: bring them into the form of Pills \ strengthens the stomach and lungs, by the gentle heat of a bath. i Pilules Arabica. iS icholaus. Culpeper. The operation is like the ! College^ Take °f the best A oes our former 1 ounces, Briony roots, Myrobalans, Citrons, tChebs, Indian Bellerick, and Emblick, j Mastich, Diagrydium, Asarabacca, Roses, „ . . - - ,, i of each an ounce, Castorium three drams, Galeni one ounce, Mastich, Citron Myro- j Saffron one f ] rani , with Syrup of Worm- balans, of each half an ounce, Aloes two j wooc j ? make it into a mass according to art. ounces, the Syrup of Stoechas as much as j Culpeper .] It helps such women as are is sufficient, make of them a mass accord- $ not sufficiently purged in their labour, helps ing to art. J to ^ r ) n g away what a careless midwife hath Culpeper .] It purges choler and flegm,i |eft be j, ind; purges the head, helps head¬ ed strengthens the whole body megrim vertigo, and purges - mg y, being very precious for such whose! stomach of vicious l uml0urs . bodies are weakened by surfeits, or ill diet, | p ilula! Art hritk46 THE COMPLETE HERBAL TROCHES. Trochisci de Absinthio. Or .Troches of Wormwood. V. with their treble weight in sugar make them into powder, and with a sufficient quantity of Mussilage of Gum Tragacanth, made into treacle water distilled, make it into ! 1 paste, of which make troches. College 1 Take of red Roses, Wormwood \ Culpeper .] Tins preserves the body from Wp, A mis seeds, of each two drams,l ill airs, and epidemical diseases, as the pes- ,uice of Maudlin made thick, the roots of j tilence, small pox, &c. and strengthens the Asarabacca, Rhubarb, Spikenard, Smallage heart exceedingly, eating now and then a seeds bitter Almonds, Mastich, Mace, of ^ little : you may safely keep any troches m each ’one dram, juice of Succory so much j your pocket, lor the drier you keep them, as is sufficient to make it into troches ao phe better they^. C °Culpeper ]' ' They strengthen the stomach j College. ] Take of Coloquintida freed exceedingly, ope/obstrSc.ions, or stopp-|from the seeds «md cntjjmjJ , and-jjbbri ino-s of the belly and bowels: strengthen j with an ounce of oil of Roses, then beaten di|sfiL open the passages of the fiver, into fine help the yellow jaundice and c—* jm^s ffir^or fourtys in I sufl watery superffiutits o ie 0 alone • ficient quantity of Rose-water till they be somewhat bitter, and seldom tak^« aione, i a ifvour nallate affect bitter things, you may melted, then with the aforesaid pulp, and take a\]ram of them in the morning: They j part of the said mussilage let them be demise the body of choler, but purge not, dried in the shadow then beaten again, or nrn to anv nurnose and with the rest of the mussilage, make it Laricm Trochncatus. | up again, dry them and keep them for use. (> A^arick Trochiscated. j Culpeper.] They are too violent for a College.] Take of Agarick sifted and j vulgar use. powdered, three ounces, steep it in a suf- \ Trochsci Ahpla Moschatee. ficient quantity of white Wine, in which- College.] Take of Labdanum bruised two drams of ginger have been infused, and three ounces Styrax Calanntis oneounce make it into troches. 1 an »> alf > Benjamin one ounce, Wood of Trochisci AM. Rhasis. j Aloes two drams, Ambergris one dram, Or white Troches. \ Camphire half a dram, Musk half a scruple, College 1 Take of Ceruss washed in 1 with a sufficient, quantity of Rose-water, Rosewater ten drams, Sarcocol three drams, | make it into troches according to art. white Starch two drams, Gum Arabic and j Culpeper .] It is singularly good for such Tragacanth, of each one dram, Camphire as are asthmatic, and can hardly fetch their half a dram, either with Rosewater, or breath; as also for young children, whose J throat is so narrow that they can hardly \ swallow down their milk. \ Trochisci Alkekengi. Or Troches of Winter-cherries. women’s milk, or make it into troches ac¬ cording to art. Trochisci A lexiterii. College.'] Take of Zedoary roots, pow der of Crab’s Claws, of each one dram, [. College .] lake of Wintei Cherries three and an half, the outward Citron preserved \ drams, Gum Arabic, Tragacanth, Oliba- o^rt dried, Angelica seeds, Pills, of eachjnum, Dragon’s-blood, Pine-nuts, bitter dram, Bole-amoniac half a dram, \ Almonds, white Styrax, juice of Liquorice, and one AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 347 Bole-ammoniac, white Poppy seeds, of each | six drams, the seeds of Melons, Cucumbers, j Citruls, Gourds, of each three drams and an i half, the seeds of Smallage and white Hen- j bane, Arnber, Earth of Lemnos, Opium, \ of each two drams, with juice of fresh j "Winter-Cherries, make them into troches j according to art. \ Culpeper .] They potently provoke urine, ! and break the stone. Mix them with other j medicine of that nature, half a dram at a j time, or a dram if age permit. \\ Trochisci Bechici aloi , vel y Botulce perforates.' Or, Pectoral Rolls. \ College.'] Take of white Sugar one pound, j white Sugar Candy, Penids, of each four! ounces, Orris Florentine one ounce, Liquo-I rice six drams, white Starch one ounce and j an half, with a sufficient quantity of mus- \ silage of Gum Tragacanth made in Rose j Water, make them into small troches.« You may add four grains of Ambergris,! and three grains of Musk to them, if occa-! sion serve. j Trochisci Bechici higri. \ College.] Take of juice of Liquorice,! white Sugar, of each one dram, Gum Tra-* gacanth, sweet Almonds blanched, of each j six drams, with a sufficient quantity of; mussilage of Quince seeds, made thick with \ Rose Water. Make them into troches ac- j cording to art. Culpeper.] Both this and the former! will melt in ones mouth, and in that manner! to be used by such as are troubled with : coughs, cold, hoarseness, or want of voice.! The former is most in use, but in my opinion, \ the latter is most effectual. Trochisci cle Barberis. Or, Troches of Barberries. ? ✓ College.] Take of juice of Barberries, { and Liquorice made thick, Spodium, Pur- J slain seeds, of each three drams, red Roses,: six drams, Indian Spikenard, Saffron, white! Starch, Gum Tragacanth, of each a drain,? Cilrul seeds cleansed three drams and an * (35, 36.) half, Camphire half a dram ; with Manna dissolved in juice of Barberries, make them into troches according to art. Culpeper.] They wonderfully cool the heat of the liver, reins, and bladder, breast, and stomach, and stop looseness, cools the heat of fevers. Trochisci de Camphora. Or, Troches of Camphire. College.] Take of Camphire half a dram, Saffron two drams, white Starch three drams, red Roses, Guru Arabic, and Tra¬ gacanth, Ivory, of each halfaji ounce, the seeds of Cucumbers husked, of Purslain, Liquorice, of each an ounce, with mussi- lage of the seeds of Fleawort, drawn in Rose-water, make them into troches. Culpeper.] It is exceeding good in burn¬ ing fevers, heat of blood and choler, together with hot distempers of the stomach and liver, and extreme thirst coming thereby, also it is good against the yellow jaundice, phthisics, and hectic fevers. Trochisci de Capparibm . Or, Troches of Capers. College.] Take of the bark of Caper roots, the seeds of Agnus Castus, of each six drams, Anunoniacum half an ounce, the seeds of Water Cresses and Nigella, the leaves of Cal ami nth and Rue, the roots of Aeorus and long Birthwort, the juice of Maudlin made thick, bitteF Almonds, of each two drams, HartVtongue, the roots of round Cypress, Madder, Gum Lac. of each one dram : being bruised let them be made into troches according to art, with Ammo- niacum dissolved in Vinegar, and boiled to the thickness of Honey. Culpeper.] They open stoppings of the liver and spleen, and help diseases thereof coming ; as rickets, hypochondriac melan¬ choly, &c. Men may take a dram, chil¬ dren a scruple in the morning. Trochisci de Carabe. i Or, Troches of Amber. College.] Take of Amber an ounce, 4 u THE COMPLETE HERBAL S4B Hart’s-horn burnt, Gum Arabic burnt, j in a mortar, add the powders, and with new red Coral burnt, Tragacanth, Acacia, Hypo- j juice make it into troches, cistis, Balaustines, Mastich, Gum Lacca \ Culpeper.'] Obstructions, or stoppings, washed, black Poppy seeds roasted, of each \ and swelling above nature, both of the liver two drams and two scruples, Frankincense, j and spleen, are cured by the inward taking Saffron, Opium, of each two drams, with a ; of these troches, and diseases thereof coming, sufficient quantity of mussilage of the seeds \ as yellow and black jaundice, the beginning of Fleawort drawn in Plantain Water, make ! of dropsies, &c. them into troches according to art. \ Troches of Gallia Moschata. Culpeper .] They were invented to stop j College.] Take of Wood of Aloes five fluxes of blood in any part of the body, the J drams, Ambergris three drams, Musk one menses, the haemorrhoids or piles; they also j dram, with mussilage of Gum Tragacanth help ulcers in the breast and lungs. The | made in Rose Water, make it into troches dose is from ten grains to a scruple. j according to ait. Trochisci Ci/pheos , for Mithridate. j Culpeper.] They strengthen the brain College.] Take of pulp of Raisins of the j and heart, and by consequence both vital Sun, Cypress, Turpentine, of each three j and animal spirits, and cause a sweet breath, ounces, Myrrh, Squinanth, of each an ounce j They are of an extreme price, therefore I and an half, Cinnamon half an ounce,! pass by the dose. Calamus Aromaticus nine drams, the roots \ Trochisci Gordonii. . of round Cypress, and Indian Spikenard, j College.] Take of the four greater cold Cassia Lignea, Juniper berries, Bdellium, j seeds husked, the seeds of white Poppies, Aspalthus or Wood of Aloes, two drams | Mallows, Cotton, Purslain, Quinces, Mirtles, and an half, Saffron one dram, clarified ; Gum Tragacanth, and Arabic, Fistic-nuts, Honey as much as is sufficient, Canary i Pine-nuts, Sugar-candjq Penids, Liquorice, Wine a little: let the Myrrh and Bdellium i French-barley, mussilage of Fleawort seeds, be ground in a mortar with the wine, to the j sweet Almonds blanched, of each two thickness of liquid Honey, then add the t drainsr, Bole-ammoniac, Dragon's- blood. Turpentine, then the pulp of Raisins, then 1 Spodium, red Roses, Myrrh, of each halt the powders: at last with the Honey, let \ an ounce, with a sufficient quantity of them all be made into troches. 1 Hydromel, make it into troches according Culpeper.] It is excellently good against $ to art. inward ulcers in what part of the body * Culpeper.] They are held to be very soever they be. It is chiefly used in com- ; good in ulcers of the bladder, and all other positions, as Treacle and Mithridate. i inward ulcers whatsoever, and ease fevers Trochisci de Eupatorio. 1 coming thereby, being of a fine cooling, Or Troches of Maudlin. j slippery heating nature. College.] Take of the juice of Maudlin \ Trochisci Hedichroi , (Galen) for Treacle. 1 made thick, Manna, of each an ounce, red \ College.] Take of Aspalthus, or yellow Roses half an ounce, Spodium three drams 1 Sanders, the leaves of Mastich, the roots of and an half, Spikenard three drams, Rhu- j Asarabacca, of each two drams, Rhupontic, barb, Asarabacca roots, Annis seeds, of each j Castus, Calamus Aromaticus, Wood of two drams. Let the Nard, Annis seeds, j Aloes, Cinnamon,Squinanth,Opobalsamum and Roses, be beaten together, the Spodium,: or oil of Nutmegs by expression, of each Asarabacca, and Rhubarb by themselves, j three drams. Cassia Lignea, Indian Leaf or then mix the Manna and juice of Maudlin ' Mace, Indian Spikenard, Myrrh, Saffron, AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 349 - * of each six drams, Amorous, or Cardamoms j Sagapen, Opopanax, of each two drams, the less, an ounce and an half, Mastich a!dissolve the Gums in Wine wherein Mug- dram, Canary Wine as much as is sufficient. \ wort hath been boiled, or else Juniper-ber- Let the Myrrh be dissolved in the wine, j ries, then add the rest, and with juice of then add the Mastich and Saffron well \ Mugwort, make it into troches according beaten, then the Opobalsamum, then the j to art. rest in powder, and with the wine, makej Culpeper.'] They provoke the menses, them up into troches, and dry them gently. \ and that with great ease to such as have Culpeper .] They are very seldom or j them come down with pain. Take a dram never used but in other compositions, yet j of them beaten into powder, in a spoonful naturally they heat cold stomachs, help j or two of Syrup of Mugwort, or any othei digestion, strengthen the heart and brain, j composition tending to the same purpose m Z. * * TX ,s n± P/i/mhn Trochisci Hysterici. College .] Take of Asafoetida, Galbanum, of each two drams and an half, Myrrh two Sief de Plumbo. Or Sief of Lead. College .] Take of Lead burnt and washed, drams, Castoreum a dram and an half, the Brass burnt, Antimony, Tutty washed, roots of Asarabacca and long Birthwort,; Gum Arabic and Tragacanth of each an the leaves of Savin, Featherfew, Nep, of j ounce, Opium half a dram, with Rose-water, each one dram, Dittany half a dram, with \ make them, being beaten and sifted, into either the juice or decoction of Rue, make j troches, it into troches according to art. Trochisci Poly idee Androm. Culpeper .] These are applied to the! College .] Take of Pomegranate flowers fceminine gender, help fits of the mother, twelve drams, Roach Album three drams, expel both birth and after-birth, cleanse Frankincense, Myrrh, of each half an ounce, women after labour, and expel the relics of j Chalcanthum two drams. Bull’s gall six - 1 ~..„ *j drams, Aloes an ounce, with austere Wine, | or juice of Nightshade or Plantain, make _____ {them into troches according to art. College .] Take of Wood of Aloes, red j Culpeper .] They are very good they say, Roses, of each two drams, Mastich, Cinna- \ being outwardly applied, both in green moil, Cloves, Indian Spikenard, Nutmegs, j wounds and ulcers. I fancy them not. a careless midwife Trochisci de Ligno Aloes. Or Troches of Wood of Aloes. Parsnip seed, Cardamoms the greater and lessen, Cubebs, Gallia Moschata, Citron! Trochisci de Rhubarbaro. Or Troches of Rhubarb. Pills, Mace, of each one dram and an half, College .] Take of Rhubarb ten drams, Ambergris, Musk, of each half a scruple, juice of Maudlin made thick, bitter Almonds, with Honey of Raisins make it into troches.! of each half an ounce, red Roses three Culpeper.'] It strengthens the heart, j drams, the roots of Asarabacca, Madder, stomach, and liver, takes away heart-qualms, | Indian Spikenard, the leaves of Worm- faintings, and stinking breath, and resists 5 wood, the seeds of Annis and Smallage, of the dropsy. ! each one dram, with Wine in which Worm- Trqchisci e Mirrha. \ wood hath been boiled, make them into Or Troches of Myrrh. j troches according to art. College.] Take of Myrrh three drams, j Culpeper.] They gently cleanse the liver, the Meal of Lupines five drams, Madder j help the yellow jaundice, and other diseases roots, .the leaves of Rue, wild Mints, Dittany j coming of choler and stoppage of the of Crete, Cummin seeds, Asafoetida, liver. 850 THE COMPLETE HERBAL Trochisci de Santulis. Or Troches of Sanders. College .] Take of the three Sanders, of each one ounce, the seeds of Cucumbers, Gourds, Citruls, Purslain, Spodium, of each half an ounce, red Roses seven drains, juice of Barberries six drams, Bole-ammoniac half an ounce, Camphire one dram, with Pur¬ slain Water make it into troches. Culpeper.'] The virtues are the same with troches of Spodium, both of them harmless. Trochisci da Scilla ad Theriacam. Or Troches of Squils, for Treacle. College .] lake a Squil gathered about the beginning of July, of a middle bigness, and the hard part to which the small roots stick, wrap it up in paste, and bake it in an oven, till the paste be dry, and the Squil tender, which you may know by piercing it with awooden skewer, or a bodkin, then take it out and bruise it in a mortar, adding to every pound of the Squil, eight ounces of white Orobus, or red Cicers in powder, then make it into troches, of the weight of two drams a piece, (your hands being anointed with Oil of Rosts) dry them on the top of the house, opening towards the South, in the shadow, often turning them till they be well dry, then keep them in a pewter or glass vessel. Troches of Spodium. College .] Take of red Roses twelve drams, Spodium ten drams, Sorrel seed six drams, the seeds of Purslain and Coriander, steeped in Vinegar and dried, pulp of Sumach, of each two drams and an half, white Starch roasted,Balaustines, Barberries, of each two drams, Gum Arabic roasted one dram and an half, with juice of unripe Grapes, make it into troches. Culpeper .] They are of a fine cooling binding nature, excellent in fevers coming of clioler, especially if they be accompanied with a looseness, they also quench thirst. Trochisci de terra Lemnia. Or Troches of Earth of Lemnos. College.] Take of Earth of Lemnos, Bole-ammoniac, Acacia, Hypocystis, Gum Arabic toasted, Dragon’s blood, white Starch, red Roses, Rose seeds. Lap. Hema- titis, red Coral, Amber, Balaustines, Spo¬ dium, Purslain seeds a little toasted, Oliba- num, Hart’s-horn burnt, Cypress Nuts, Saffron of each tw r o drams, black Poppy seeds, Tragacanth, Pearls, of each one dram and an half, Opium prepared one dram, with juice of Plantain, make it into troches. Sief de Thure. Or Sief of Frankincense. College.] Take of Frankincense, Lap. Calaminaris, Pompholix, of each ten drams, Cyrus forty drams. Gum Arabic, Opium, of each six drams, with fair water make it into balls: dry them and keep them for use. Trochisci e Violis solutivi. ■ Or Troches of Violets solutive. College.] Take of Violet flowers meanly dry, six drams, Turbith one ounce and an half, juice of Liquorice, Scammony,Manna, of each two drams, with Syrup of Violets, make it into troches. Culpeper .] They are not worth talking I of, much less worth cost, the costand labour ! of making. Trochisci de Viper a ad Theriacum. Or Troches of Vipers, for Treacle. College.] Take of the flesh of Vipers, S the skin, entrails, head, fat, and tail being : taken away, boiled in water with Dill, and | a little salt, eight ounces, white bread twice I baked, grated and sifted, two ounces, make \ it into troches, your hands being anointed | with Opobalsamum, or Oil of Mutmegs by [ expression, dry them upon a sieve turned the bottom upwards in an open place, often ( turning them till they are well dried, then put them in a glass or stone pot glazed, stopped close, they will keep a year, yet is | it far better to make Treacle, not long after you have made them. Culpeper.] They expel poison, and are AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 351, excellently good, by a certain sympathetical 5 You can scarce do amiss in taking them if virtue, for such as are bitten by an adder, j they please but your palate. Trochisci cle Agno Casta. j Trochisci Diarhodon. Mesue. „ „ Troches of Agnus Castus. j Co/Zege.] Take of the flowers of red College.] lake of the seeds of S nus Roses six drams, Spikenard, Wood of Aloes, Castus, Lettuce, red Rose flowers, Balaus-j Q f eac h two drams, Liquorice three drams, ti^ns, of each a dram, Ivory, w nte Ambei, | gpodium one dram, Saffron half a dram, Bole-ammoniac washed in Knotgrass Water j Mastich two drams, make them up into two drams, Plantain seeds four scruples, ^ troches with white Wine according to art Sassafras two scruples, with mussilage ofj Culpeper.] They wonderfully ease fevers Quince seeds, extracted in water o utoi- j com j n g 0 f flegm, as quotidian fevers, agues, lily flowers, let them be made into tioches. j e pi a t 0S) pains in the belly. Culpeper.! Very pretty troches and { & ^ \ good for little 5 n 77 Trochisci Alexiterii. Renodams. { , College.] lake of Gum Lacca cleansed, College. 1 Take of the roots of Gentian, 1 t le j ulce °f Liquorice, Maudlin, Worm- Tormentil, Orris Florentine, Zedoary, of! ’ a , Barberries, all made thick, each two drams, Cinnamon, Cloves, Mace, Rhubarb long Birth wort, Costus, Asara- of each half a dram, Angelica roots three j J? acca > fitter Almonds, Madder, Annis, drams. Coriander seeds prepared, Roses, of I Smallage, Schaenanth, of each one dram, each one dram, dried Citron pills two drams,j Wlt 1 decoction of Birthwort, Schaenanth, beat them all into powder, and with juice ofq or the juice of Maudlin, or Wormwood, Liqu'orice softened in Hippocras, six ounces, \ ma e them into troches according to art. make them into soft paste, which you may j Oulpeper.j It helps stoppings of the liver form into either troches or small rolls, which and S P 1 you please. Culpeper .] It preserves and strengthens leen, and fevers thence it coming, expels wind, purges by urine, and resists dropsies. Pastilli Adronis. Galen. the heart exceedingly, helps faintings and j failings of the vital spirits, resists poison \ College.] lake of Pomegranate flowers and the pestilence, and is an excellent! ten drams, Copperas twelve drams, unripe medicine for such to carry about them whose \ Galls, Birthwort, Frankincense, of each an occasions are to travel in pestilential places j ounce, Alum, Myrrh, of each half an ounce, and corrupt air, only taking a very small \ Misy two drams, with eighteen ounces of quantity now and then. j austere Wine, make it into troches accord- Troches of Amtis seed. Mesue. \ iog to art- College] Take of Annis seeds, the juice j Culpeper.] This also is appropriated to of Maudlin made thick, of each two drams, \ wounds, ulcers, and fistulas, it clears the the seeds of Dill, Spikenard, Mastich, j oars, and represses all excressences of flesh, Indian leaf or Mace, the leaves of Worm- j cleanses the filth of the bones, wood, Asarabacca,Smallage, bitter Almonds, | Trochisci Musa. Galen, of each half a dram, Aloes two drams, juice j College.] Take of Alum, Aloes, Copperas, of Wormwood so much as is sufficient to \ Myrrh, of each six drams, Crocomagma, make it into troches according to art. * Saffron, of each three drams, Pomegranate Culpeper.] They open obstructions of« flowers half an ounce, Wine and Honey, of the liver, and that very gently? and therefore j each so much as is sufficient to make it up diseases coming thereof, help quartan agues. \ into troches according to art. ( 35 , 36.) 4 x 352 THE COMPLETE HERBAL Culoever. 1 Their use is the same with themuch as is sufficient to make it into troches f P ’■* \ $ according to art. cL.~ s .. f D- r , | jssS, JHASZ ££ i tssssjsar" ,le white Starch, Gum, of each tlmty drams, j Trochisci Diacorallion. Galen. Wine, so much as is sufficient to make it j College.'] Take of Bole-ammoniac, red into troches. . \ Coral, of each an ounce, Balaustines, Terra Culpeper .] It is very expulsive, heats and | Lemnia> w j lite Starch, of each half an ounce, strengthens the heart and stomach. j Hypocistis, the seeds of Henbane, Opium, Trochisci Earnich. Mesue. ♦ 0 f eac j 1 two drams, juice of Plantain so much College .] Take of the juice of Sorrel j as i s sufficient to make them into troches sixteen ounces, red Rose Leaves, an ounce, j according to art. Myrtle Berries two ounces, boil them a little j Culpeper.] These also stop blood, help together, and strain them, add to the decoc- \ t } ie bloody flux, stop the menses, and are tion, Galls well beaten, three ounces, boil j a g reat help to such whose stomachs loath them again a little, then put in these follow- \ t h e ir victuals. I fancy them not. ing things, in fine powder: take of red j Trochisci Diaspermaton. Galen. Roses an ounce, yellow Sanders, ten drams, t College.] Take of the seeds of Smallage, Gum Arabic an ounce and an half, Sumach, j an( i Bishop's weed, of each an ounce, Annis Spodium, of each an ounce, Myrtle berries | anc [ R e nnel seeds, of each half an ounce, four ounces, Wood of Aloes, Cloves, Mace, j Opium, Cassia Lignea, of each two drams, Nutmegs, of each half an ounce, sour Grapes \ w i t h ra in water, make it kito troc hes accord- seven drams, mix them all together, and let L n g a rt. them dry upon a stone, and grind them j Culpeper.] These also bind, ease pain, again into powder, and make them into $ B e ]p tRe pleurisy, small troches with one dram of Camphire, j Heemoptoici Pastilli. Galen, and so much Rose Water as is sufficient, \ College.] Take of white Starch, Balaus- and perfume them with fifteen grains of | pnes, Earth of Samos, juice of Hypocystis, Musk. j Gum, Saffron, Opium, of each two drams, Culpeper .] They strengthen the stomach, \ j u j ce G f Plantain, make them kito heart, and liver, as also the bowels, they j troches according to art. help the cholic, and fluxes of blood, as also \ Culpeper.] The operation of this is like bleeding at the nose if you snuff up the \ t ] ie former, powder of them, disburden the body of j Troches of Agarick . salt, fretting, choleric humours. You may i College.] Take of choice Agarick three carry them about you, and take them at; ounces ," Sal. Gem. six drams, Ginger two your pleasure. j drams, with Oxymel simplex, so much as Troches of Roses. Mesue. is sufficient, make it into troches according College.] Take of red Roses half an \ to art. ounce, Wood of Aloes two drains, Mastich, \ a dram and an half, Roman Wormwood,; Cinnamon, Indian Spikenard,Cassia Lignea, \ Schcenanth, of each one dram, old Wine, | and decoction of the five opening roots, so \ AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 353 OILS. SIMPLE OILS BY EXPRESSION. Oil of Sweet Almonds. College. ] So is Oil of Been, Oil of Nut- j megs, and Oil of Mace drawn. Oleum Caryinum. \ College.'] Is prepared of Walnut Kernels, | in like manner, save only that in the making \ of this sometimes is required dried, old, and \ rank Nuts. y ,j \ Oleum Chrysomelinum , College.] Take of Sweet Almonds notj College.] Is prepared in the same manner corrupted, as many as you will, cast the j of Apricots, so is also Oils ol the Kernels of shells away, and blanch them, beat them in \ Cherry stones, Peaches, Pine-nuts, Fistic a stone mortar, beat them in a double vessel, \ Nuts, Prunes, the seeds ot Oranges, Hemp, and press out the oil without heat. j Bastard Saffron, Citrons, Cucumbers, Culpeper.] It helps roughness and sore- j Gourds, Citruls, Dwarf Elder, Henbane, ness of the throat and stomach, helps j Lettuce, Flax, Melons, Poppy, Parsley, pleurisies, encreases seed, eases coughs and 1 Radishes, Rape, Ricinum, Sesani, Mus- hectic fevers, by injection it helps such [ tard seed, and Grape stones, whose water scalds them; ulcers in the \ Culpeper] Because most of these Oils bladder, reins, and matrix. You may 1 are out of use, I took not the pains to quote either take half an ounce of it by itself, or i the virtues of them; if any wish to make mix it with half an ounce of Syrup of Violets, \ them, let them look to the simples, and there and so take a spoonful at a time, still shak- j they have them ; if the simples be not to be ing them together when you take them : \ found in this book, there are other plentiful only take notice of this, if you take it in- j medicines conducing to the cure of all usual wardly, let it be new drawn, for it will be \ diseases ; which are- sour in three or four days. 1 Oil of Bays. Oil of bitter Almonds. j College.] Take of Bay-berries, fresh and College.] It is made like Oil of sweet j ripe, so many as you please, bruise them Almonds, but that you need not blanch \ sufficiently, then boil them in a sufficient them, nor have such a care of heat in press- j quantity of water till the Oil swim at top, ino- out the oil. | which separate from the water, and keep Culpeper.] It opens stoppings, helps such \ for your use. as are deaf, being dropped into their ears, j Culpeper.] It helps the cholic, and is a it helps the hardness of the nerves, and takes j sovereign remedy for any diseases in any away spots in the face. It is seldom or ; part of the body coming either of wind or never taken inwardly. Scold. . ... Oil of Hazel Nuts. j College.] Common Oil of Olives , is College. ] It is made of the Kernels, \ pressed out of ripe olives, not out of the cleansed, bruised, and beat, and pressed like {stones. Oil of Olives omphacine, is pressed Oil of sweet Almonds. j out of unripe olives. Culpeper.] You must put them in a; Oil of Yolks of Eggs. vessel (viz. a glass, or some such thing) and j College.] Boil the yolks till they be hard, stop them close that the water come not to i and bruise them with your hand or with a them when you put them into the bath. \ pestle and mortar ; beat them in an earthen The oil is good for cold afflictions of the j vessel glazed until they begin to froth* nerves, the gout in the joints, &c. q stirring them diligently that they bum not* &54 THE COMPLETE HERBAL being hot, put them in a linen bag, and sprinkle them with Aromatic Wine, and press out the oil according to art. Culpeper^] It is profitable in fistulas, and malignant ulcers, it causes the hair to grow, it clears the skin, and takes away de formities thereof, viz. tetters, morphew, scabs. ringworms, away, cut, bruised, and the vessel covered with a thin linen cloth, set in the sun, pressed out, and three times repeated. Oil of Wall-flowers , as oil of Dill. Oil of Quinces: Of six parts of oil Omphacine, the meat and juice of Quinces one part, set them in the sun fifteen days in a glass, and afterwards boil them four hours in a double vessel, press them out, and re- j new them three times. T^rTTDTAw A\m! Oil of Elecampane: Of ripe oil, and the SIMPLE OILS BA IT'S FUSION AND^^ tc n f Plprammne bruised, and their DECOCTION. Oil of Roses omphacine . roots of Elecampane bruised, and their ! juice, of each one part, and of generous | Wine half a part, which is to be evaporated College.] Take of red Roses before they j away . be ripe, bruised in a stone mortar, four Oil of Euphorbium: Ot six drams of ounces,’oil Omphacine one pound, set them S Euphorbium, Oil of Wall-flowers, and sweet in a hot sun, in a glass close stopped, a whole Wine, of each five ounces, boiling it in a week, shaking them every day, then boil \ double vessel till the Wine be consumed, them’ trendy in a bath, press them out, and j Oil of Ants: Of winged Ants infused in put in & others, use them in like manner, do Dour times their weight of sweet oil, set in so a third time: then keep the Oil upon a I the sun in a glass forty days, and then pound of juice of Roses. 1 strain it out. Oil cf Roses complete , Oil , or Balsam of St. John’s Wort simple , Is made in the same manner, with sweet \ is made of the oil of seeds beaten and and ripe oil, often washed, and red Roses j pressed, and the flowers being added, and fully open, bruised, set in the sun, and j rightly set in the sun. boiled gently in a double vessel, only letj Oil of Jesmine , is made of the flowers of the third infusion stand in the sun forty j Jesmine, put in clear oil, and set in the sun days, then keep the roses and oil together. \ and afterwards pressed out. In the same manner is made Oil of Worm-| Oil of Orris , made ot the roots of Orris wood, of the tops of common Wormwood j Florentine one pound, purple Orris flowers thrice repeated, four ounces, and three j half a pound: boil them in a double vessel pounds of ripe oil; only, the last time put in \ in a sufficient quantity of decoction of Orris four ounces of the juice of Wormwood, i Florentine, and six pounds of sweet oil, put- which evaporate away by gentle boiling. j ing fresh roots and flowers again and again ; Oil of Dill: Of the flowers and leaves of: the former being cast away as in oil of Dill four ounces, complete oil, one pound, \ Roses. thrice repeated. Oil of Earthworms, is made of half a Oil of Castoreum: Of one ounce of Cas- j pound of Earthworms washed in white Wine, toreum oil one pound, Wine foar ounces,! ripe Oil two pounds, boiled in a double which must be consumed with the heat of a \ vessel with eight ounces of good white Wine bath. | till the Wine be consumed. Oil of Chamomel (which more than one j . Oil of Marjoram is made with four call Holy) of complete oil, and fresh Cha-jounces of the herb a little bruised, white jnomel flowers, the little white leaves taken] Wine six ounces, ripe oil a pound, mixed AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 355 together, let them be set in the sun repeated j them be set in the sun, and after forty days three times; at last boiled to the consump- 1 strained. tion of the W ine. $ Oleum Cicyonium, is made of wild Oil of Mastich, is made of oil of Roses 1 Cucumber roots, and their juice, of each omphacine one pound, Mastich threeounces, j equal parts; with twice as much ripe oil, Wine four ounces : boil them in a double ! boil it to the consumption of the juice, vessel to the consumption of the Wine. ] Oil of Nightshade, is made of the berries Oil of Melilot is made with the tops of the j of Nightshade ripe, and one part boiled in herb like oil of Chamomel. j ripe oil, or oil of Roses three parts. Oil of Mints is made of the herb and oil: Oil of Styrax, is made of Styrax and omphacine, as oil of Roses. ; sweet white Wine, of each one part, ripe Oil of Mirtles, is made of Mirtle berries ; oil four parts gently boiled till the Wine be bruised and sprinkled with sharp Wine one \ consumed. part, oil omphacine three parts; set it in the j Oil of Violets, is made of oil omphacine, sun twenty-four days, and in the interim | and Violet flowers, as oil of Roses, thrice renewed, boiied, and the berries Oil of Vervain, is made of the herb and pressed out. | oil, as oil of Mints Oil of Daffodils is made as oil of Roses, j Culpeper .] That most of these Oils, if Nard Oil is made of three ounces ofjnotall of them, are used only externally, is Spikenard, sweet oil one pound and an > certain ; and as certain that they retain the half, sweet white Wine and clear water, of $ virtues of the simples w hereof they are each two ounces and an half, boiled to the!made, therefore the ingenious might help consumption of the moisture. j themselves. Oil of Water-lilies, is made of fresh white Water-lily flowers, one part, oil omphacine tin 'ee parts, repeating the flowers as in oil t /mix/imrm'VTv of Roses. COMPOUND Oil of Tobacco is made of the juice of] Tobacco, and common oil, of each equal * parts boiled in a bath OILS BY INFUSION AND DECOCTION. Oleum Benediction. Or Blessed Oil. College .] Take of the roots of Carduus Oil of Poppies, is made of the flowers, I _. ow-J ____ _ w heads, and leaves of garden Poppies, and oil j and Valerian, of each one ounce, the flowers omphacine, as oil of Dill. jof St. John's Wort two ounces, Wheat one Oil of Poplars, is made of the buds of | ounce and an half, old Oil four ounces, the Poplar tree three parts, rich white Wine j Cypress Turpentine eight ounces, Frankin- four parts, sweet oil seven parts ; first let the j cense in powder two ounces, infuse the roots buds be bruised, then infused in the Wine land flowers, being bruised, in so much while and oil seven days, then boiled, then pressed j Wine as is sufficient to cover them, after out - jj two days' infusion put in the Oil with the Oil of Rue, is made of the herb bruised, j Wheat, bruised, boil them together till the and ripe oil, like oil of Roses. j Wine be consumed ; then press it out, and Oil of Savin is irade in the same manner.«add the Frankincense and Turpentine, then So also is Oil of Elder flowers made. j boil them a little, and keep it. Oil of Scorpions, is made of thirty live : Culpeper .] It is appropriated to cleanse Scorpions, caught when the sun is in the | and consolidate wounds, especially in the lion; oil of bitter Almonds two pounds, let \ head. (35, 36.) 4 y 356 THE COMPLETE HERBAL Oleum de Capparibus. \ Wine, boil it in Balneo Marice till the Wine Or, Oil of Capers. \ be consumed. College 1 Take of the bark of Caper \ Culpeper.'] It heats, opens obstructions, roots an ounce, bark of Tamarisk, the leaves \ strengthens the nerves, and all nervous parts, of the same, the seeds of Agnus Gastus, \ as muscles, tendons,ligaments, the ventricle; Cetrach or Spleenwort, Cypress roots, of {besides these, it strengthens the liver, it each two drams, Rue one dram, oil of ripe j keeps the hairs from turning grey, and gives Olives one pound, white Wine Vinegar, and \ a good colour to the body. I pray you white Wine of each two ounces, cut them i take notice that this and the following oils, and steep them, and boil them (two days j (till I give you warning to the contrary) being elapsed) gently in a bath, then the are not made to eat. Wine and Vinegar being consumed, strain j Oleum Crocinum, it and keep it. 1 Or, °il of Saffron - ’ Culpeper .] The oil is opening, and heat- \ College.] Take of Saffron, Calamus Aro¬ int absolutely appropriated to the spleen, |maticus, of each one ounce, Myrrh, half an hardness and pains thereof, and diseases \ ounce, Cardamoms nine drams, steep them coming of stoppings there, as hypocondriac { six days, (the Cardamoms excepted, which melancholy, the rickets, &c. ' \ are not to be put in till the last day,) in nine Oil of Cast or eum compound. t ounces of Vinegar, the day after put in a College.] Take of Castoreum, Styraxj pound and an half of washed oil, boil it Calamitis, Galbanum, Euphorbium, Opo-{ gently according to art, till the Vinegar, be panax. Cassia Lignea, Salfron, Carpobal- * consumed, then strain it. samum or Cubebs, Spikenard, Costus, of! Culpeper.] It helps pains in the nerves, each two drams, Cypress, Squinanth, Pep- j and strengthens them, mollifies their hard- perlong and black, Savin, Pellitory of Spain, j ness, helps pains in the matrix, and causes of each two drams and an half, ripe Oil four j a good colour, pounds, Spanish Wine two pounds, the five j Oil of Euphorbium. first excepted, let the rest be prepared ast College .J Take of Stavesacre, Sopewort, they ought to be, and gently boiled in the; of each half an ounce, Xellitory of Spain Oil and Wine, until the Wine be consumed, { six drams, dried Mountain Calaminl one mean time the Galbanum, Opopanax, and { ounce and an half, C’astus two drams, Cas- Euphorbium beaten in fine powder, being jtoreum five drains, being bruised, let them dissolved in part of the Wine, and strained, j be three days steeped in three pounds and let them be exquisitely mixed with it (while ; an half of Wine, boil them with a pound the oil is warm) by often stirring; the boil-{and an half of Oil of Wall-flowers, adding ing being finished, put in the Styrax and {half an ounce of Euphorbium, before the Castoreum. j Wine be quite consumed, and so boil it Culpeper .] The virtues are the same with 1 according to art. the simple, ' i Culpeper .] It hath the same virtue, only Oleum Castinum. 1 something more effectual than the simple. College .] Take of the roots of bitter! Oleum Eicestrense, Castus two ounces, Cassia Lignea one ounce, Or, Oil of Exeter, the tops of Marjoram eight ounces, being College .] Take of the leaves of Worm- bruised, steep them two days in twelve \ wood. Centaury the less, Eupatorium, Fen- ounces of sweet white Wine; then with j nel, Hyssop, Bays, Marjoram, Bawm, Nep, hree pounds o; sallad oil washed in white \ Pennyroyal, (Savin, Sage, Thyme, of each AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED, 357 fourounces, Southernwood, Betony, Chame- j Culpeper.'] See the simple oil of St. pitys, Lavender, of each six ounces, Rose-1 John’s Wort, than which this is stronger, mary one pound, the flowers of Chamomel, j Oleum Hyperici magis compositum. Broom, white Lilies, Elders, the seeds of Or, Oil of St. John's Wort more compound. Cummin, and Fenugreek, the roots of Helle- College.] Take of white Wine three bore black and white, the bark of Ash and j pounds, tops of St. John’s Wort ripe and Lemons, of each four ounces, Euphorbium, \ gently bruised, four handfuls, steep them Mustard, Castoreum, Pellitory of Spain, of | two days in a glass, close stopped, boil them each an ounce, Oil sixteen pounds, Wine jin a bath, and strain them strongly, repeat three pounds, the herbs, flowers, seeds, and \ the infusion three times, having strained it Euphorbium being bruised, the roots, barks, j the third time, add to every pound of de- and Castoreum cut, all of them infused \ coction, old Oil four pounds, Turpentine twelve hours in the Wine and Oil, in a warm j six ounces, oil of Wormwood three ounces, bath, then boiled with a gentle fire, to the! Dittany, Gentian, Carduus, Tormentil, Car- consumption of the Wine and moisture, 5 line, or Cordus Maria, Calamus Aromaticus, strain the Oil and keep it. ‘all of them bruised, of each two drams, Culpeper.] Many people by catching \ Earth-worms often washed in white Wine oruises when they are young, come to feel: two ounces, set it in the sun five or six weeks, it when they are old: others by catching 1 then keep it close stopped, cold, catch a lameness in their limbs, to j Culpeper.] Besides the virtue of the sim- both which I commend this sovereign oil to j pie oil of St. John's Wort, which this per- bathe their grieved members with. j forms more effectually, it is an excellent Oleum Hirundinum , \ remedy for old bruises, aches, and sprains. Or, Oil of Swallows. j Oleum Irinum , College.] Take of whole Swallows six- { Or, Oil of Orris, teen, Chamomel, Rue, Plantain the greater j College.] Take of the roots of Orris and lesser, Bay leaves, Pennyroyal, Dill, \ Florentine, three pounds four ounces, the Hyssop, Rosemary, Sage, Saint John's Wort, | flowers of purple Orris fifteen ounces, Costmary, of each one handful, common \ Cypress roots six ounces, of Elecampane Oil four pounds, Spanish Wine one pound, \ three ounces, of Alkanet two ounces, Cin- make it up according to art. j namon, Spikenard, Benjamin, of each one Culpeper.] Both this and the former are! ounce : let all of them, being bruised as appropriated to old bruises and pains thereof j they ought to be, be steeped in the sun, or coming, as also to sprains. \ other hot place, in fifteen pounds of old oil. Oleum Hyperici composition. j and four pounds and an half of clear water, Or, Oil of St. John’s Wort compound. \ after the fourth day, boil them in Balneo College.] Take of the tops of St. John's j Mariae, the water being consumed, when it Wort four ounces, steep them three whole \ is cold, strain it and keep it. days in a pound of old Sallad Oil, in the heat \ Culpeper.] The effects are the same with either of a bath, or of the sun, then press \ the simple, only 'tis stronger, them out, repeat the infusion the second or \ Oleum Marjorams. third time, then boil them till the wine be! Or, Oil of Marjor in. almost consumed, press them out, and by \ College.] Take of Marjoram four hand¬ adding three ounces of Turpentine, and one! fills, Mother of Thyme two handfuls, the scruple of Saffron, boil it a little and keep \ leaves and berries of Myrtles one handful, j Southernwood, Water Mints, of each half 358 THE COMPLETE HEPtBAI an handful, being cut, bruised, and pul in a class, three pounds of Oil Omphacine being- put to it, let it stand eight days in the sun, or in a bath, close stopped, then strain it out, in the oil put in fresh simples, do so the third time, the oil may be perfected accoid- ing to art. Wax one ounce and an half, make it ait * _ _ .... . > into an ointment according to art, in a pes- Culpeper .] This much differing from the j tle and niortar 1Tiade of Lead. formei, you shall have that insei ted at latter \ Culpeper .] This ointment is as drying as end, and then you may use which you $ a lnan s h a ll usually read of one, and withal please. Unguentum Enulatum. Or, Ointment of Elecampane. College .] Take of Elecampane roots j cooling, therefore good for sores, and such jas are troubled w ith deductions. Unguentum e Nicotiona , sen Peto. Or, Ointment of Tobacco. boiled in Vinegar, bruised and pulped, one t pound, Turpentine washed in their decoc-l College .] Take of Tobacco leaves bruised, tion, new Wax, of each two ounces, old!two pounds, steep them a whole night in Hog’s grease salted ten ounces, old oil four \ red Wine, in the morning boil it in fresh ounces, common salt one ounce, add the j Hog’s grease, diligently washed, one pound. Turpentine to the grease, wax, and oil, being «till the Wine be consumed, strain it, and melted, as also the pulp and salt being!add a P oun ^ °f juice of Tobacco, finely powdered, and so make it into an i Rozin four ounces, boil it to the consnmp- ointment according to art. \ tion of the juice, adding towards the end, Unguentum Enulatnm cum Mercurio. ? round Birthwort roots in powder, two Or, Ointment of Elecampane with Quick-j ounces, new Wax as much as is sufficient silver, ; to make it into an ointment according to College.} Is made of the former oint- \ art. ment, by adding two ounces of Quick-silver,! Culpeper .] It would take a whole summer’s killed by continual stirring, not only with Nay to write the particular virtues of this spittle, or juice of Lemons, but with all the; ointment, and my poor Genius is too Aveak Turpentine kept for that intent, and part of j to give it the hundredth part of its due the grease, in a stone mortar. \ praise : It cures tumours, imposthumes, Culpeper.] My opinion of this ointment,! wounds, ulcers, gun-shot, stinging with is (briefly) this: It was invented for the \ nettles, bees, wasps, hornets, venomous itch, without quick-silver it will do no good, * beasts, wounds made with poisoned arrows, with quick-silver it may do harm. ; &c. Unguentum Laurinum commune. \ Unguentum Nutrition, sen Trifarmacum. Or, Ointment of Bavs common. Crllege.] Take of Litharge of Gold one College.] Take of Bay leaves bruised \ finely powdered, half a pound, Vinegar e pound, Bay berries bruised half a ! one pound. Oil of Roses two pounds, grind pound. Cabbage leaves four ounces. Neat’s-j the Litharge in a mortar, pouring to it foot Oil five pounds, Bullock’s suet two j sometimes Oil, sometimes Vinegar, till by pounds, boil than together, and strain them, j continual stirring, the Vinegar do no more that so it may be n.ade into an ointment! appear, and it come to a whitish ointment. according to art. Culpeper.] It is of a cooling, drying AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. S61 nature, good for itching of wounds, and I it not and keep it for use; then warm it a such like deformities of the skin. s little again and wash it with fresh Rose- Unguentum Ophthalmicum. $ water, adding to each pound twelve drops Or, An Ointment for the Eyes. j of oil of Lignum Rhodium r Colleo-eA Take of Bole-ammoniac washed \ Culpeper .] Its general use is, to solten in Rose water, one ounce, Lapis Calaminaris | and supple the roughness of the skin, and washed in Eye bright Water, Tutty pre- take away the chops of the lips, hands, Dared, of each two drams, Pearls in very face, or other parts. fine powder half a dram, Camphire half a scruple, Opium five grains, fresh Butter washed in Plantain Water, as much as is sufficient to make it into an ointment ac¬ cording to art. Unguentum Potahile. College .] Take of Butter without salt, a pound and an half, Spermaceti, Madder Tormentil roots, Castoreum, of each half an ounce: boil them as you ought in a suf- i •_J.__ 1... Wlina till flip* Wl no lto ding tO art. I uuuic. uun -- Culpeper. I It is exceeding good to stop \ ficient quantity of Wine, till the Wine be hot rheums that fall down into the eyes, the consumed, and become an ointment, eyelids being but anointed with it. I; Culpeper.] I know not what to make Unguentum ex Oxylapatho. of it. Or Ointment of sharp-pointed Dock. } Unguentum Resmum. College .1 Take of the roote of sharp-; College.'] Take of Pine Rozin, or Kozin pointed Dock boiled in Vinegar until they jot the Pine-tree, of the purest Turpentine, be s<)ft and then pulped. Brimstone washed j yellow Wax washed, pure Oil, of each in juice of Lemons, of each one ounce and j equal parts : melt them into an ointment an half. Hog’s grease often washed in juice ] according to art. • of Scabious, half a pound, Unguentum j ulpepcr.] It is as pretty a Cerecloth for PoDuleon washed in juice of Elecampane,» a new strain as most is, and cheap. half an ounce: make them into an oint-j Unguentum Rosatum. 1 . . Or, Ointment of Roses. Culpeper.] It is a wholesome, though] College.] Take of fresh Hog’s grease troublesome medicine for scabs and itch. cleansed a pound, fresh red Roses half a Unguentum e Plumbo. | pound, juice ot the same three ounces-, make Or, Ointment of Lead. 1 it into an ointment according to art. College.] Take of Lead burnt accord- Culpeper .] It is of a fine cooling nature, \nu to art Litharge, of each two ounces, exceeding useful in all gallings of the skin, Ce g russ Antimony, of each one ounce, Oil j and Settings, accompanied with choleric of Roses as much as is sufficient: make it j humours, angry pushes, tetters, ringworms, into an ointment according to art. \ it mitigates diseases m the head coming ot Culpeper.] Take it one time with another, j heat, as also the intemperate heat of the it will go neer to do more harm than good. J stomach and liver. S Unguentum Pomatum. ^ Desiccatmm Ruhrum . College.] Take of fresh Hog’s grease] Or, a drying Red Ointment, three pounds, fresh Sheep’s suet nine ounces, i College.] Take of the oil of Roses om- Pomewater pared and cut, one pound and : phacine a pound, white Wax five^ ounces, nine ounces, Damask Rose-water six ounces, | which being melted and put in a leaden the roots of Orris Florentine grossly bruised : mortar, put in the Earth of Lemnos or six drams, boil them in Balnea Manx till j Bole-ammomacLapis ^l^^ansofeach the Apples be soft, then strain it, but press j four ounces, Litharge of Gold, Ceruss, ot 362 THE COMPLETE HERBAL each three ounces, Camphire one dram,! Tapsimlentia. make it into an ointment according to art. j College.'] Take of the juice of Mullen, Culpeper.] It binds and restrains fluxes | Hog’s grease, of each as much as' you will, of humours. ~ ! let the grease be cleansed and cut in pieces, Un&uentum e Solemn I and beat it with the juice, pressed and Or, Ointment of Nightshade. ~~ j strained as you did the former ointment, 7 College.] Take of juice of Nightshade,} t ^ ien ^ ee p it in a convenient vessel nine 01 Litharge washed, of each five ounces, j t> eat lt; twice, once with fresh Ceruss washed eight ounces, white Wax |j ulc ; e ’ until it be green, and the second time seven ounces, Frankincense in powder ten j without juice beaten well, pouring off what drams, oil of Roses often washed in water } 18 discoloured, and keep it for use. two pounds, make it into an ointment ac- Tapsimel. College .] Take of the juice of Celan¬ dine and Mullen, of each one part, clarified Honey, two parts, boil them by degrees till the juice be consumed, adding (the physi¬ cian prescribing) Vitriol, burnt Alum, burnt Ink, and boil it again to an ointment ac¬ cording to art. . cording to art. Culpeper.] It was invented to take away inflammations from wounds, and to keep people from scratching of them when they are almost well. Or, Ointment of Tutty. College.] Take of Tutty prepared two ounces, Lapis Calaminaris often burnt and j quenched in Plantain Water an ounce, \ make them, being finely powdered, into an \ OINTMENTS MORE COMPOUND. ointment with a pound and an half of oint -\ Unguentum Agrippa. ;° °n RS T. • r i • I College.'] Take of Briony roots two upeper. J is a cooling, drying omt- j pounds, the roots of wild Cucumbers one mem, appropriated to the eyes, to dry up d Squills half a pound, fresh English hot and salt humours that flow down tlnther,, o rris r00tS) three ounces> the r00ts of ® ale Fern, dwarf Elder, water Caltrops, or Aaron, of each two ounces, bruise them all, being fresh, and steep them six or seven days in four pounds of old oil, the whitest, notrank, then boil them and press them out, and in the oil melt fifteen ounces of white Wax, and make it into an ointment according to the eyelids being anointed with it. Valentia Scabiosee. College.] Take of the juice of green Scabious, pressed out with a screw, and strained through a cloth, Hog's grease, of each as much as you will, heat the Hog’s grease in a stone mortar, not grind it, putt¬ ing in the juice by degrees for the more j art. commodious mixture and tincture, after- j Culpeper .] It purges exceedingly, and wards set it in the sun in a convenient ves- j is good to anoint the bellies of such as have sel, so as the juice may overtop the grease, \ dropsies, and if there be any humour of nine days being passed, pour off the dis- \ flegm in any part of the body that you coloured juice, and beat it again as before, \ know not how to remove (provided the part putting in fresh juice, set it in the sun again' be not too tender) you may anoint it with five days, which being elapsed, beat it j this; but yet be not too busy with it, for I a g a in, put in more juice, after fifteen days 5 tell you plainly it is not very safe, more, do so again, do so five times, after | XJnguentum Amarum. which, keep it in a glass, or glazed vessel. \ Or, A bitter Ointment. AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 363 College.] Take of Oil of Rue, Savin, j Unguentum Citrmum. Mints, Wormwood, bitter Almonds, of each ; Or, A Citron Ointment, one ounce and an half, juice of Peach \ College.'] Take of Borax an ounce, flowers and leaves, and Wormwood, of each! Camphire a dram, white Coral half an half an ounce, powder of Rue, Mints, {ounce, Alum Plume an ounce, Umbilicus Centaury the less, Gentian, Tormentil, ofjMarinus, Tragacanth, white Starch, of each one dram, the seeds of Coleworts, the j each three drams, Crystal, Dentalis Utalis, pulp of Colocynthis, of each two drams, j Olibanum, Niter, white Marble, of each Aloes Hepatic, three drams, meal of Lupines j two drams, Gersa Serpentaria an ounce, half an ounce, Myrrh washed in Grass 1 Ceruss six ounces, Hog's grease not salted, water a dram and an half, Bull's Gall an j a pound and an half, Goat's suet prepared, ounce and an half, with a sufficient quan- j an ounce and an half, Hen's fat two ounces tity of juice of Lemons, and an ounce and $ and an half. Powder the things as you an half of Wax, make it into an ointment \ ought to do both together, and by them- according to art. j selves, melt the fats being cleansed in a Unguentum Apostolorum. J stone vessel, and steep in them two Citrons Or, Ointment of the Apostles. j a m e an bigness cut in bits, in a warm ,, -l m i c rr nj bath, after a whole week strain it, and put College. 1 Take of lurpentme, yellow j. i i i * . , J “ , W .,v Ammoniacum of each fourteen * in the P owders . b .y degrees, amongst which j c ’ , Tr ,, ’ nr , Uet the Camphire and Borax be the last, drams. Ions: Birthwort roots, Olibanum,,' . . 1 , , . r l Bdellium, of each six drams, Myrrh, Gil- i stir th T> a f nd bnn § them lnt0 the form of banum, of each half an ounce, Opopanax,j an 0,n tum Martiatum _ Verdigris, of each two drains, Litharge \ n 17 rr ^ c r i ^ g p 9 . , F 6 , \ College.] lake of fresh Bay leaves three nine drams, Oil two pounds, Vinegar enough \ i g . j i ^ t i g. 1 , •. • * • * | pounds, Garden Rue two pounds and an to dissolve the Gums, make it into an oint-U iv/r • * r i i\/r * x half, Marjoram two pounds, Mints a rnrrnnt- nnd i P ound > Sage, Wormwood, Costmary, Bazil, ^ . s r\f pgmli Vmlf a nminfl Oil twpntv merit according to art. Culpeper.] It consumes uuiiupt any. 5 0 f each half a pound, Sallad Oil twenty dead flesh, and makes flesh soft which is j ye llow Wax four pounds, Malag£ hard, .t cleanses wounds, ulcers, and fistulas, ^ ine poundSi of a „ |J of ^ bej S g and restores flesh where it is wanting. j bruised, boiled, and pressed out as they Unguentum Catapsoras. j ought, make an ointment according to art. College.] Take of Ceruss washed in Pur- j Culpeper.] It is a great strengthener of slain water, then in Vinegar wherein wild j the head, it being anointed with it; as also Rhadish roots have been steeped and j of all the pfirts of the body, especially the pressed out, Lapis Calaininaris, Chalcitis, ! nerves, muscles, and arteries, of each six drams, burnt Lead, Goat's 1 Unguentum Mastichinum . blood, of each half an ounce, Quick-silver \ Or, An Ointment of Mastich. sublimated an ounce, the juice of House-j College.] Take of the Oil of Mastich, leek, Nightshade, Plantain, of each two i Wormwood, and Nard, of each an ounce, ounces, Hog's grease cleansed three pounds, j Mastich, Mints, red Roses, red Coral, Cloves, Oil of Violets, Poppies, Mandrakes, of j Cinnamon, Wood of Aloes, Squinanth, of each an ounce: first let the sublimate and j each a dram, wax as much as is sufficient exungia, then the oils, juices, and powders,j to make it into an ointment according to be mixed, and so made into an ointment \ art. according to art. Culpeper.] This is like the former, and (37, 38.) 5 a S64 THE COMPLETE HERBxlL not a whit inferior to it; it strengthens the | in Violet Water stomach being anointed with it, restores j Almonds four annetite and digestion. Before it was called * and Violets, white Wax a stomacli ointment. ! ounces, Hen's »! T)„^ Unguentum Neapolitanum. six ounces, oil of Sweet ounces, oil of Chamomel of each three and Duck's greese, of each (two ounces, Orris roots two drams, Saffron College'S ^Take of Hog's grease washed \ half a dram: The two last being finely in iuice of Sage a pound, Quick-silver \ powdered, the rest melted and often washed strained through leather, four ounces, oil of in Barley or Hyssop water, make an oint- Bays, Chamomel, and Earthworms, of each j ment of them according to art. two ounces, Spirit of Wine an ounce, yellow \ Culpeper .] It strengthens the breast and Wax two ounces, Turpentine washed in; stomach, eases the pains thereof, helps iuice of Elecampane three ounces, powderj pleurises and consumptions of the lungs, of Chamepitys and Sage, of each two \ the breast being anointed with it. drams, make them into an ointment accord- ; Unguentum Resumptivum. ino- to* art. 1 College .] Take of Hog's grease three ^Culpeper.] A learned art to spoil people: j ounces, the grease of Hen's, Geese, and hundreds are bound to curse such oint- \ Ducks, of each two ounces, Oesipus half ments, and those that appoint them. i an ounce, oil of Violets, Chamomel, and Unguentum Nervinum l Dill, fresh Butter a pound, white Wax six College .] Take of Cowslips with the i ounces, mussilage of Gum Tragacanth, flowers^ Sage, Chamepitys, Rosemary, | Arabic, Quince seeds, Lin-seeds, Marsh- Lavender, Bay with the berries, Chamomel, j mallow roots, of each half an ounce. Let Rue, Smallage, Melilot with the flowers, j the mussilages be made in Rose water, and Wormwood, of each a handful, Mints, j adding the rest, make it into an ointment Betony, Pennyroyal, Parsley, Centaury the } according to art. less, St. John’s Wort, of each a handful, j Culpeper.'] It mightily molifies without oil of Sheep's or Bullock's feet, five pounds, j any manifest heat, and is therefore a fit oil of Spike half an ounce, Sheep's or j ointment for such as have agues, asthmas, Bullock’s Suet, or the Marrow of either, two j hectic fevers, or consumptions. It is a pounds : the herbs being bruised and j good ointment to ease pains coming by in- boiled with the oil and suet, make it into an j flammations of wounds or aposthumes, ointment according to art. ; especially such as dryness accompanies, an Culpeper .] It is appropriated to the; infirmity wounded people are many times nerves, and helps their infirmities coming of; troubled with. In inward aposthumes, as cold, as also old bruises, make use of it in j pleurises, one of them to anoint the ex¬ dead palsies, chilliness or coldness of par-1 ternal region of the part, is very benefical. ticular members, such as the arteries per- ; Unguentum Splanchnicum. form not their office to as they ought; for l College.] Take of oil of Capers an wind anoint your belly with it; for want of \ ounce, oil -of white Lillies, Chamomel, digestion, your stomach; for the cholic,your > fresh Butter, juice of Briony and Sow¬ belly; for whatever disease in any part of j bread, of each half an ounce, boil it to the the body comes of cold, esteem this as a: consumption of the juice, add Ammoniacum jewel. * ; dissolved in Vinegar, two drams and an | half. Hen's grease, Oesypus, Marrow of a \ Cali’s Leg, of each half an ounce, powder Unguentum Vector ale. Or, A Pectoral Ointment. College .] Take of fresh Butter washed' of the bark of the roots of Tamaris and AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 365 Capers, Fern roots, Cetracli, of each a dram, \ lars and Services, of each a sufficient quail - the seeds of Agnus Castuus, and Broom,; tity, then dry them by a gentle fire, and of each a scruple, with a sufficient quantity * with the oil and wax boil it into an oint- of Wax, make it into an ointment accord- \ merit. ing to art. i Culpeper.] It is a gallant drying and Unguentum Splanchnicum Magistrale. 5 binding ointment. Besides, the stomach College .] Take of the bark of Caper \ anointed with it, stays vomiting, and the roots six drams, Briony roots, Orris Floren-; belly anointed, with it stays looseness, if tine, powder of sweet Fennel seeds, Ammo- ; the fundament fall out, when you have put niacum dissolved in Vinegar, of each half i it up again anoint it with this ointment, and an ounce, tops of Wormwood, Chainomel \ it will fall out no more. Do the like by the flowers, of each a dram, ointment of the | womb if that fall out. juice and of flowers of Oranges, of each six $ Ointment of Marsh-mallows, compound drams, oil of Orris and Capers, of each an i Nicholaus. ounce and an half: the things Avhich ought $ College.'] Take of Marsh-mallow roots being powdered and sifted, the rest dili- \ two pounds, the seeds of Flax and Foenu- gently mixed in a hot mortar, make it into j greek, of each one pound, pulp of Squills an ointment according to art. ; half a pound, Oil four pounds. Wax one Culpeper .] Both these ointments are ; pound, Turpentine, Gum of Ivy,Galbanum, appropriated to the spleen, and eases the j of each two ounces, Colophonia, Rozin, of pains thereof, the sides being anointed with j each half a pound : Let the roots be well them. I fancy not the former. j washed and bruised, as also the Linseed, Unguentum e Succis. j Foenugreek seed, and Squills, then steep Or, Ointment of Juices. $ them three days in eight pints of water, the College.] Take of the juice of Dwarf- \ fourth day boil them a little upon the fire, Elder eight ounces, of Smallage and Parsley, \ and draw out the mussilage, of which take of each four ounces, Wormwood and Orris, \ two pounds, and boil it with the oil to the of each five ounces, common Oil half a \ consumption of the juice, afterwards add pound, oil of white Lilies ten ounces, of 1 the Wax, Rozin, and Colophonia, when Wormwood and Chamomel, of each six | they are melted, add the Turpentine, after- ounces, the fat of Ducks and Hens, of each j wards the Galbanum and Gum of Ivy, dis- two ounces, boil them together with a gentle \ solved in Vinegar, boil them a little, and fire till the juice be consumed, then strain {having removed them from the fire, stir them it, and with seven ounces of white Wax, j till they are cold, that so they may be well and a little white Wine Vinegar, make it \ incorporated. into an ointment according to art. j Culpeper.'] It heats and moistens, helps See Unguentum ex Succis Aperitivis. \ pains of the breast coming of cold and Unguentum Sumach. 1 pleurises, old aches, and stitches, and College.] Take of Sumach, unripe Galls, \ softens hard swellings. Myrtle berries, Balaustines, Pomegranate! Unguentum Diapompholigos nihili. Pills, Acorn Cups, Cypress Nuts, Acacia,! Nicholaus. Mastich, of each ten drams, white Wax j College.] Take of Oil of Roses sixteen five ounces, oil of Roses often washed in i ounces, juice of Nightshade six ounces, let Alum water, a pound and ten ounces, make;them boil to the consumption of the juice, a fine powder of the things you can, and j then add white Wax five ounces, Ceruss steep them four whole days in juice of Med- j washed two ounces, Lead burnt and washed. 366 THE COMPLETE HERBAL Pompholix prepared, pure Frankincense, \ Culpeper ? ] The belly oeing anointed of each an ounce, let them be brought into \ with it kills the worms, the form of an ointment according to art. j Culpeper.'] It cools and binds, drys, and stays fluxes, either of blood or humours in | CERECLOATHS. Ceratum de Galbano. Or, Cerecloath of Galbanum. College.] Take of Galbanum prepared, wounds, and fills hollow ulcers with flesh Unguentum Refrigerans. Galenus. } It is also called a Cerecloath. \ College.] Take of white Wax four j ounces,"Oil of Roses omphacine one pound, \ an oun c e and an half, Assafoetida half an melt it in a double vessel, then pour it out * ounce, Bdellium a dram, Myrrh two drams, into another, by degrees putting in cold j Wax two ounces, Carrot seeds a scruple, water, and often pouring it out of one vessel j Featherfew, Mugwort, of each half a dram, into another, stirring it till it be white, last j dissolve the Gums in Vinegar, and make it of all wash it in Rose water, adding a little J a cerecloath according to art. Rose Water, and Rose Vinegar. { Culpeper.] Being applied to the belly Culpeper.] It is a fine cooling thing, to j 0 f a woman a f te r labour, it cleanses her of cure inflammations in wounds or tumours. \ any re i icts accidently left behind, helps Unguentum e Succis Aperitwis primum . j t h e fits of the mother, and other accidents Foesius. j incident to women in that case. CoSes*.] Take of the juice of Smaliage, j Ceratum Oesnpatum. Parsley, Valerian, of each three ounces, oil; Co/Zege.] a 'e o esypus en ounces, of Wormwood and Mints, of each half ai 0 ' 1 of Chamomel and Orris, of each half pound, yellow Wax three ounces, mix them j a pound yeilow Wax two pounds, Rozin a together over the fire, and make of them an pound, MasUch.Ammoniacum, l urpent.ne, ointment ? of each an ounce, spikenard two drams p.i -i T . . r .1 \ and an half, Saffron a dram and an half, stomach and spleen, eases the rickets, the Styrax Calamitis half an ounce, make them breast and sides being anointed with it. mto a cerecloath according to art. An Ointment for the Worms. Foesius. j Culpeper.) It mohfies and d.gests hard College .] Take of oil of Rue, Savin, t ie liver, spleen, womb, nerves. Mints, Wormwood, and bitter Almonds, jj° ,nts > and °‘ her P arts of the bod J’ and ls a of each an ounce and an half, juice of theSS reat easer °‘P ain * flowers or leaves of Peaches, and Worm- \ Ceratum Santalmum. wood, of each half an ounce, powder of j College.] Take of red Sanders, ten Rue, Mints, Gentian, Centaury the less, j drams, white and yellow Sanders, of each Tormentil, of each one dram, the seeds of? six drams, red Roses twelve drams, Bole- Coleworts, the pulp of Colocynthis, of each \ ammoniac seven drams, Spodium four two drams. Aloes Hepatic, three drams, the * drams, Camphire two drams, white Wax meal of Lupines half an ounce. Myrrh; washed thirty drams, Oil of Roses ompha- waslied in grass water a dram and an half, i cine six ounces : make it into a cerecloath Bull's Galls an ounce and an half, with \ according to art. juice of Lemons, so much as is sufficient, ? Culpeper.] It wonderfully helps hot in- and an ounce and an half of Wax, make it \ firmities of the stomach, liver, and other into an ointment according to art. 1 parts, being but applied to them. AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 367 PLAISTERS. Emplastrum Barbarian Magnum. College .] Take of dry Pitch eight pounds, yellow Wax six pounds and eight ounces. Emplastrum ex Ammoniaco. Or, A Plaister of Ammoniacum. College .] Take of Ammoniacum, Bran pounds, Oil one pound and an half, Ver- 11 • P. "1 1 ___ __ i. 4- . i- / . I . — I 4- l~v m rv< ^ I /-k-M* i n rt y~v 4- , k* j '— | Per-Rozin five pounds and four ounces * Bitumen, Judaicum, or Mummy, four ■ —- —- — — ' S -l ' A # well sifted, of each an ounce, Ointment of digris, Litharge, Ceruss, of each three Marsh-mallows, Melilot plaister compound, \ ounces, Frankincense half a pound, Roach roots of Briony, and Orris in powder, of \ Alum not burnt, an ounce and an half, each half an ounce, the fat of Ducks, 1 burnt, four ounces, Opopanax, scales ot Geese, and Hens, of each three drams, i Brass, Galbanum, of each twelve drams. Bdellium, Galbanum, of each one dram and \ Aloes, Opium, Myrrh, of each half an an half, Per-Rozin, Wax, of each five \ ounce. Turpentine two pounds, juice ot ounces, oil of Orris, Turpentine, of each j Mandrakes, or else dried bark of the root, half an ounce, boil the fats and oil with 1 six drams, Vinegar five pounds: Let the mussilage ot Lin-seed, and Fenugreek seed, \ Litharge, Ceruss, and Oil, boil to the thick- of each three ounces, to the consumption of j ness of Honey, then incorporate with them the mussilage, strain it, and add the Wax, j the Pitch, being melted with Bitumen in Rozin, and Turpentine, the ointment of| powder; then add the rest, and boil them Marsh-mallows with the plaister of Melilot; j according to art, till the vinegar be con- when it begins to be cold, put in the j sumed, and it stick not to your hands. Ammoniacum, dissolved in Vinegar, then Culpeper.'] It helps the bitings of men the Bdellium in powder, with the rest of the and beasts, eases inflammations of wounds, powders, and make it into a plaister accord- | and helps infirmities of the joints, and gouts ing to art. \ in the beginning. Culpeper.] It softens and assuages hard j Emplastrum de Betonica. swellings, and scatters the humours offend- * Or, A Plaister of Betony. ing, applied to the side it softens the hard-; College.] Take of Betony, Burnet, Agfi- ness ot the spleen, assuages pains thence*_ -n_i v__ \ mony, Sage, Pennyroyal, Yarrow, Comfrey | the greater, Clary, of each six ounces, i Frankincense, Mastich, of each three arising. Emplastrum e Baccus Eauri. Or, A Plaister of Bay-berries. j drams, Orris, round Birthwort, of each six College.] Take of Bay-berries husked, \ drams, white Wax, Turpentine, of each Turpentine, of each two ounces, Frankin- j eight ounces, Per-Rozin six ounces, Gum cense, Mastich, Myrrh, of each an ounce, j Elemi, Oil of Fir, of each two ounces, white Cypress, Costus, of each half an ounce,; Wine three pounds: bruise the herbs, boil Honey warmed and not scummed, four \ them in the Wine, then strain them, and add ounces : make it into a plaister according to J the rest, and make them into a plaister ac- art. « cording to art. Culpeper.] It is an excellent plaister to* Culpeper.] It is a good plaister to unite ease any pains coming of cold or wind, in \ the skull when it is cracked, to draw out any part of the body, whether stomach, j pieces of broken bones, and cover the liver, belly, reins, or bladder. It is an \ bones with flesh : It draws filth from the excellent remedy for the cholic and wind in 1 bottom of deep ulcers, restores flesh lost, the bowels. j cleanses, digests, and drys. (37, 30.) 5 b THE COMPLETE HERBAL 308 Emplastrum Ceesarus. 1 ed, and made into an emplaister according College.'] Take of red Roses one ounce j to art. and an half, Bistort roots, Cypress Nuts, all j Catagmaticum the second. the Sanders, Mints, Coriander seeds, of \ College.] Take of the roots of Comfrey each three drams, Mastich half an ounce, the greater, Marsh-mallows, Misselto of the Hypocistis, Acacia, Dragon’s blood, Earth!Oak, of each two ounces, Platain, Chame- of Lemnos, Bole-ammoniac, red Coral, ofjpitys, St. John’s Wort, of each a handful, each two drams, Turpentine washed in|l3oil them in equal parts of black Wine, Plantain water four ounces, Oil of Roses i and Smith’s Water till half be consumed, three ounces, white Wax twelve ounces, i strain it, and add mussilage of Quince seeds Per-Rozin ten ounces, Pitch six ounces,: made in Tripe water, Oil of Mastich and the juice of Plantain, Houseleek, and Or -1 Roses, of each four ounces, boil it to the pine, of each an ounce, the Wax, Rozin, \ consumption of the humidity, and having and Pitch being melted together, add the \ strained it, add Litharge of Gold four Turpentine and Oil, then the Hypocistis j ounces, boil it to the consistence of an and Acacia dissolved in the juices, at last \ emplaister, then add yellow Wax four the powders, and make it into a plaister i ounces, Turpentine three ounces, Colophonia according to art. \ six drams, Ship Pitch ten ounces, powders Culpeper.] It is of a fine, cool, binding,! of Balaustines, Roses, Myrtles, .Acacia, of strengthening nature, excellently good to j each half an ounce, Mummy, Androsamum, repel hot rheums or vapours that ascend (Mastich, Amber, of each six drams, Bole- up to the head, the hair being shaved off, j ammoniac fine flowers, Frankincense, of and it applied to the crown. > each twelve drams, Dragon’s blood two Emplastrwn Catagmaticum the Jirst. j ounces : make it into a plaister according ! College.] Take of juice of Marsh-mallow f to art. roots six ounces, bark of Ashtree roots, and | Culpeper.] Both this and the former are their leaves, the roots of Comfrey the greater \ binding and drying, the former rules will and smaller with their leaves, of each two • instruct you in the use. ounces, Myrtle Berries an ounce and an \ Emplastrum Cephalicum half, the leaves of Willow, the tops of St. ^ Or, A Cephalic Plaister. John’s Wort, of each an handful and an? College .] Take of Rozin two ounces, half, having bruised them, boil them together j black Pitch one ounce, Labdanum, Turpen- in red Wine, and Smith’s Water, of each \ tine, flower of Beans, and Orobus, Dove’s two pound, till half be consumed, strain it, jj dung, of each half an ounce, Myrrh, Mas- and add Oil of Myrtles, and Roses ompha-j tich, of each one dram and an half, Gum cine, of each one pound and an half, Goat’s * of Juniper, Nutmegs, of each two drams, suet eight ounces, boil it again to the con- \ dissolve the Myrrh and Labdanum in allot sumption of the decoction, strain it again,. mortar, and adding the rest, make it into a and add Litharge of Gold and Silver, red j plaister according to art. If you will have Lead, of each four ounces, yellow Wax one? it stronger, add the powders, Euphorbium, pound, Colophonia half a pound, boil it to \ Pellitory of Spain, and black Pepper, of the consistance of a plaister, then add Tur- j each two scruples. pentine two ounces, Myrrh, Frankincense, j Culpeper ] It is proper to strengthen the Mastich, of each half an ounce, Bole- \ brain, and repel such vapours as annoy it, ammoniac, Earth of Lemnos, of each one j and those powders being added, it dries up ounce, stir them about well till they be boil- * the superfluous moisture thereof, and eases AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 369 the eyes of hot scalding vapours that annoy \ them. \ Emplastrum de Cerussa. j Or, A Plaister of Ceruss. : College. ] Take of Ceruss in fine powder,: white Wax, Sallad Oil, of each three ounces, j add the Oil by degrees to the Ceruss, and 1 boil it by continual stirring over a gentle j fire, till it begin to swell, then add the Wax \ cut small by degrees, and boil it to its just \ consistence. \ Culpeper. ] It helps burns, dry scabs, and \ hot ulcers, and in general whatever sores 1 abound with moisture. 1 * Emplastrum ex Cicuta cum Ammoniaco. j Or, A Plaister of Hemlock with 1 Ammoniacum. : College.] Take of the juice of Hemlock j four ounces, Vinegar, of Squills, and 1 Ammoniacum, of eacheight ounces, dissolve j the Gum in the juice and Vinegar,'after a \ due infusion, then strain it into its just con-i sistence according to art Culpeper.] I suppose it was invented to j mitigate the extreme pains, and allay the j inflammations of wounds, for which it is i very good : let it not be applied to any j principal part. , Emplastrum e crusta Panis. Or, A Plaister of a crust of Bread. College.] Take of Mastich, Mints, Spo- \ dium, red Coral, all the Sanders, of each j one dram, Oil of Mastich and Quinces, of| each one dram and an half, a crust of Bread \ toasted, and three times steeped in red Rose i Vinegar, and as often dried, Labdanum, ofj each two ounces, Rozin four ounces, Styrax j Calamitis half an ounce, Barley meal five | drams : make them into a plaister accord- \ ing to art. | Culpeper.] T shall commend tins for aj good plaister to strengthen the brain as any j is in the Dispensatory, the hair being: shaved off, and it applied to the crown ; also j being applied to the stomach, it strengthens I it, helps digestion, stays vomiting and putre¬ faction of the meat there. Emplastrum e Cymino. Or, A Plaister of Cummin. College.] Take of Cummin-seed, Bay- berries, yellow Wax, of each one pound, Per-Rozin two pounds, common Rozin three pounds, Oil of Dill half a pound: mix them, and make them into a plaister. Culpeper.] It assuages swellings, takes away old aches coming of bruises, and ap¬ plied to the belly, is an excellent remedy for the wind cholic. This I have often proved, and always with good success. Emplastrum Diacaleiteos. College.] Take of Hog’s grease fresh and purged from the skins two pounds, oil of Olives omphacine, Litharge of Gold beaten and sifted, of each three pounds, white Vitriol burnt and purged four ounces : let the Litharge, grease, and oil boil together with a gentle fire, with a little Plantain water, always stirring it, to the consistence of a plaister, into which (being removed from the fire) put in the Vitriol and make it into a plaister according to art. Culpeper.] It is a very drying, binding plaister, profitable in green wounds to hinder putrefaction, as also in pestilential sores after they are broken, and ruptures, and also in burnings and scaldings. Diachylon simple. College.] Take of mussilage of Linseed, Fenugreek seed, Marsh-mallow roots, of each one pound, old Oil three pounds: boil it to the consumption of the mussilage, strain it, and add Litharge of Gold in fine powder, one pound and an half: boil them with a little water over a gentle fire always stirring them to a just thickness. Culpeper.] It is an exceeding good remedy for all swellings without pain, it softens hardness of the liver and spleen, it is very gentle. Diachylon Ireatum . College.] Add one ounce of Orris in 3T0 THE COMPLETE HERBAL powder to every pound of Diachylon sim- [ breaks them, and cleanses them when they : } j e i are broken. It is of a most excellent ripen- Diachylon Magnum. \ ing nature. College.'] Take ot mussilage of Raisins, \ Emplaistrum Diaphcenicon hot. fat Figs, Mastich, Mallow-roots, Linseeds; Take of ]]ow Wax {w0 and Fenugreek-seeds, Bird-ime, t e juice ( ounc€S) Per-Rozin, Pitch, of each four of Orris and Squills, ot each twelve drams , 0(mceS; oj , of Roses and Nard> of each one and an half, CEsypus or 01 o e ^P s ee \ ounce, melt them together, and add pulp of an ounce and an half, Oi o ir ^’ am0 7.1 Dates made in Wine four ounces, flesh of mel, Dill, of each eight ounces, 1 arge o j Qfo nces boiled in red Wine an ounce, then Gold in fine powder one poun , urpen me ^ p OWC [ ers following: take of Bread three ounces, Pei- ozin, ye ow ax 5 ° j twice baked, steeped in Wine and dried, each two ounces, boil the oil with the mus- * - - r silages and juices to the consumption of the humidity, strain the oil from the faces, and two ounces, Masticli an ounce. Frankin¬ cense Wormwood, red Roses, Spikenard, ,,, T . , , • . * of each two drams and an half. Wood of by adding t le it arge 01 1 01 ^ con * Aloes, Mace, Myrrh, washed Aloes, Acacia, sistence; then add the Rozin and Wax; L r lastly, it being removed from the fire, add the Turpentine, CEsypus and Birdlime, make of them a plaister by melting them according to art. Culpeper .] It dissolves hardness and in¬ flammations. Diachylon magnum cum Gummi. College.'] Take of Bdellium, Sagapenum, Amoniacuin, of each two ounces, dissolved Troches of Gallia Moschata, and Earth of Lemnos, Calamus Aromaticus, of each one dram, Labdanum three ounces, mix them and make them into a plaister according to art. Culpeper .] It strengthens the stomach and liver exceedingly, helps fluxes, apply it to the places grieved. Diaphcenicon cold. in Wine, and added to the mass of Diachy- j College.] Take of Wax four ounces, Ship Ion magnum : first boil the gums being dis- j Pitch five ounces, Labdanum three ounces solved, to the thickness of Honey. Culpeper] This is the best to dissolve hard swellings of all the three. Diachylon composition, sive Emplaistrum e Mussilaginibus. Or, A Plaister of Mussilages. land an half, Turpentine an ounce and an 1 half, Oil of Roses one ounce, melt these, | and add pulp of Dates almost ripe, boiled \ iu austere Wine four ounces, flesh of \ Quinces in like manner boiled, Bread twice | baked often steeped in red Wine and dried, College.] Take of mussilages of the i of each an ounce, Styrax Calamitis, Acacia, middle bark of Elm, Marsh-mallow roots, j unripe Grapes, Balaustines, yellow Sanders, Linseed, and Fenugreek seed, of each four i troches of Terra Lemma, Myrrh, Wood of ounces and an half, oil of Chainomel, Lilies, \ Aloes, of each half an ounce, Mastich, red and Dill, of each an ounce and an half, 1 Roses, of each an ounce and an half, austere Ammoniacum, Galbanum, Sagapen, Opo- 1 Wine as much as is sufficient to dissolve the panax, of each half an ounce, new Wax j juices, make it into a plaister according to twenty ounces, Turpentine two ounces, $ art. Saffron two drams, dissolve the Gums in \ Culpeper.] It strengthens the belly and Wine, ana make it into a plaister according \ liver, helps concoction in those parts, and to art. 1 distribution of humours, stays vomiting and Culpeper.] It ripens swellings, and ^fluxes. AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 371 Emplastrum Dteinum. j Culpeper .] I found this receipt in an Or, A Divine Plaster. j old manuscript written in the year 1513 . College.'] Take of Loadstone four ounces, j the quantity of the ingredients very little Ammoniacum three ounces and three j altered. drams. Bdellium two ounces, Galbanum, * A Plaster of Gum Elemi . Myrrh, of each ten drams, Olibanum nine \ College .] Take of Gum Elemi three drams, Opopanax, Mastich, long BirthwOrt, j ounces, Per Rozin, Wax, Ammoniacum, Verdigris, of each an ounce, Litharge, j of each two ounces, Turpentine three common Oil, of each a pound and an half,.' ounces and an half, Mallaga Wine so much new Wax eight ounces : let the Litharge in* as is sufficient: boil it to the consumption fine powder be boiled with the oil to a 5 of the Wine, then add the Ammoniacum thickness, then add the Wax, which being j dissolved in Vinegar, melted, take it from the fire, add the Gums i Culpeper.] The operation is the same dissolved in Wine and Vinegar, strain it, ! with Arceus Liniment, then add the Myrrh, Mastich, Frankin-j A Planter of Lapis Calaminaris. cense, Birth wort, and Loadstone in powder, j College.] Take of Lapis Calaminaris last of all the Verdigris in powder, and j prepared an ounce, Litharge two ounces, make it into a plaster according to art. j Ceruss half an ounce, Tutty a dram, Tur- Culpeper.] It is of a cleansing nature, j pentine six drams, white Wax an ounce exceeding good against malignant ulcers, j and an half, Stag’s Suet two ounces, Frank- it consumes corruption, engenders new \ incense five drams, Mastich three drams, flesh, and brings them to a scar. \ Myrrh two drams, Camphire a dram and Emplastrum Epispasticum. j an half, make it up according to art. College.] Take of Mustard seed, Euphor-j Emplastrum ad Herniam. bium, long Pepper, of each one dram and \ College.] Take of Galls, Cypress Nuts, an half, Stavesacre, Pellitory of Spain of! Pomegranate Pills, Balaustines, Acacia, each two drams, Ammoniacum, Galbanum,! the seeds of Plantain, Fleawort, Water- Bdellium, Sagapen, of each three drams, j cresses, Acorn Cups, Beans torrified, Birth- whole Cantharides five drams, Ship Pitch, j wort long and round, Myrtles of each half Rozin, yellow Wax, of each six drams, j an ounce. Let these be powdered, and Turpentine as much as is sufficient to make'J steeped in Rose Vinegar four days, then it into a plaster. j torrified and dried, then take of Comfrey Culpeper.] Many people use to draw j the greater and lesser, Horsetail, Woad, blisters in their necks for the tooth ache, or \ Cetrach, the roots of Osmond Royal, Fearn, for rheums in their eyes; if they please tojof each an ounce, Frankincense, Myrrh, lay a plaster of this there, it will do it. $ Aloes, Mastich, Mummy, of each two Emplastrum a nostratibus , Flos Unguentorum ! ounces, Bole-ammoniac washed in Vinegar, Dictum. | Lap, Calaminaris prepared, Litharge of Or, Flower of Ointments. ! Gold, Dragon’s blood, of each three ounces, College.] Take of Rozin, Per Rozin,]Ship Pitch two pounds, Turpentine six yellow Wax, Sheep’s Suet, of each half a jounces, or as much as is sufficient to make pound, Olibanum four ounces, Turpentine j it into a plaster according to art. two ounces and an half, Myrrh, Mastich, \ Culpeper.] The plaster is very binding of each an ounce, Camphire two drams, j and knitting, appropriated to ruptures or white Wine half a pound, boil them into a; burstens, as the title of it specifies, it plaster. I strengthens the reins and womb, stays (37, 38.) 5 c 372 THE COMPLETE HERBAL s abortion, it consolidates wounds, and helps | Emplastrum de Meliloto composition. all diseases coming of cold and moisture. : Or, A Plaster of Melilot compound. Emplastrum Hystericum. College.'] Take of Melilot flowers six College.] Take of Bistort roots one j drams, Chamomel flowers, the seeds of pound, Wood of Aloes, yellow Sanders, \ Fenugreek, Bay berries husked, Marsh- Nutmegs, Barberry Kernels, Rose seeds,; mallow roots, the tops of Wormwood and of each one ounce, Cinnamon, Cloves, \ Marjoram, of each three drams, the seeds Squinanth, Chamomel flowers, of each half | of Smallage, Amini, Cardamoms, the roots an ounce. Frankincense, Mastich, Alipta \ of Orris, Cypress, Spikenard, Cassia Lignea, Moschata, Gallia Moschata, Styrax Cala-; of each one dram and an half. Bdellium mitis, of each one dram, Mosch half a dram, * five drams : beat them all into fine powder, yellow Wax one pound and an half, Tur- j the pulp of twelve Figs, and incorporate pentine half a pound, Moschaeleum four j them with a pound and an half of Melilot ounces, Labdanum four pounds, Ship Pitch \ plaster simple, Turpentine an ounce and an three pounds : let the Labdanum and Tur-j half, Ammoniacum dissolved in Hemlock pentine be added to the Pitch and Wax, j Vinegar, three ounces, Styrax five drams, being melted, then the Styrax, lastly the toil of Marjoram, and Nard, of each half rest in powder, and sifted, that they may j an ounce, or a sufficient quantity, make.it be made into a plaster according to art. \ into a plaster with a hot mortar and pestle, Culpeper.] The plaster being applied to j without boiling, the navel, is a means to withstand the fits of | Culpeper.] It mollifies the hardness ot the mother in such women as are subject to j the stomach, liver, spleen, bowels, and other them, by retaining the womb in its place. j parts of the body : it wonderfully assuages Emplastrum de Mastich. j pain, and eases hypochondriac melancholy. Or, A Plaster of Mastich. j and the rickets. College.] Take of Mastich three ounces, i Emplastrum de minio compositum. Bole-ammoniac washed in black Wine, an j Or, A Plaster of red Lead compound, ounce and an half, red Roses six drams, \ College.] Take of Oil of Roses ompha- Ivory, Myrtle Berries, red Coral, of each I cine twenty ounces, oil of Mastich two half an ounce, Turpentine, Colophonia,! ounces, Suet of a Sheep and a Calf, of each Tachamahacca, Labdanum, of each two j half a pound, Litharge of Gold and Silver, ounces, yellow Wax half a pound, Oil of j red Lead, of each two ounces, a taster full Myrtles four ounces : make it into a plaster j of Wine: boil them by a gentle fire con- according to art. | tinually stirring it till it grow .black, let the Culpeper.] It is a binding plaster, t fire be hottest towards the latter end, then strengthens the stomach being applied to it, j add Turpentine half a pound, Mastich two and help's such as loath their victuals, or j ounces, Gum Elemi one ounce, white Wax as cannot digest it, or retain it till it be i much as is sufficient: boil them a little, and digested. j make them into a plaster according to art. Emplastrum de Meliloto Simplex. j Culpeper.] It potently cures wounds, Or, A Plaster of Melilot simple. \ old malignant ulcers, and is very drying. College.] Fake of Rozin eight pounds, \ Emplastrum de minio Simplicius. yellow Wax four pounds, Sheep^s Suet two j Or, A Plaster of red Lead simple, pounds : these being melted, * add green * College.] Take of red Lead nine ounces, Melilot cut small, five pounds : make it j Oil of red Roses one pound and an half, into a plaster according to art. | white Wine Vinegar six ounces, boil it AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 373 into the perfect body of a plaster. It is \ and make them into a plaster according to prepared without Vinegar thus, take of red j art. Lead one pound, Oil of Roses one pound ; Culpeper^] It strengthens the brain and and an half, Wax half a pound, make it j nerves, and then being applied to the back, into a plaster according to art. \ down along the bone, it must needs add Culpeper .] It is a fine cooling healing 1 strength to the body. plaster, and very drying. \ Emplastrum Oxycroceum. Emplastrum Metroproptoticon. L College.-] Take of Saffron Ship-pitch, Collet Take of Mastich one ounce 1 Colo P ho “ ia > yellow Wax, of each four V J,, « r i i • j i ounces, lurpentme, Galbanum, Ammonia- and an half, Galbanum dissolved m red 5 _ iCyr_iT rmiJ_ , v ~ry „ rn |cum, Myrrh, Olibanum, Mastich, of each Wine an straine , six rains, ypress ul “; one ounce and three drams. Let the Pitch peiitine two lams, u d f S ’ ° * and Colophonia be melted together, then each one dram and an half oil of Nutmegsj add ^ ^ then (it being re f noved from by expression one lani, us - wo giains j dr ,q (J K . Turpentine, afterwards the and an halt, Pitch scraped olt from old* l , . \ T - , c r '. , * r if if u .a r 1 ; Gums dissolved in Vinegar, lastly the Saf- ships two drams and an half, beat the Gal-; r • i 11 • !i - + iGr 1 F i m 1 Tv/r ,• i 5 iron in powder, well mixed with Vinegar, banum. Pitch, Turpentine, and Mastich; , 6 ’ , ’ , ’ f 1 ’1 . 1 ; and so make it into a plaster according to gently in a hot mortar and pestle, towards i ^ r 0 the end, adding the Oil of Nutmegs, then! T *. • c . . 1 • the rest in powder, last of all the Musk Culpeper] It is of a potable softening mixed with a little Oil of Mastich upon a j an ^ discussing quahty, helps broken bones, ,, , , . . . , * and any part molested with cold, old aches, marble, and by exact mixture make them; J , T . , , , 5 c . * . ’ J J stiffness of the limbs by reason of wounds, into a plastei. | ulcers, fractures, or dislocations, and dis- Emplastrum Nervinum. . j sipates cold swellings. College.] Oake of Oil of Chamomel and f Emplastrum Steplianiaion. Roses, of each two ounces, of Mastich,; College.’] Take of Labdanum half an Turpentine, and Linseeds, of each an ounce j ounce, Styrax, Juniper Gum, of each two and an half, Turpentine boiled four ounces,; drams, Amber, Cypress, Turpentine, of Rosemary, Bettony, Horsetail, Centaury the \ each one dram, red Coral, Mastich, of each less, of each a handful, Earth-worms washed j half a dram, the flowers of Sage, red and cleansed in Wine three ounces, tops j Roses, the roots of Orris Elorentine, of of St. John's Wort a handful, Mastich, Gum leach one scruple, Rozin washed in Rose- Elemi, Madder roots, of each ten drams, j water half an ounce, the Rozin, Labdanum, Ship-pitch, Rozin, of each an ounce and j Juniper Gum, and Turpentine, being gently an half, Litharge of Gold and Silver, of* beaten in a hot mortar, with a hot pestle, each two ounces and an half, red Lead two \ sprinkling in a few drops of red Wine till ounces, Galbanum, Sagapen, Amoniacum, | they are in a body; then put in the pow- of each three drams, boil the roots, herbs, J ders, and by diligent stirring make them and worms, in a pound and an half of Wine 1 into an exact plaster. till half be consumed, then press them out, ; Emplastrum Sticticum. and boil the decoction again with the Oils, * College.] Take of Oil of Olives six Suets, Litharge, and red Lead, to the con- * ounces, yellow Wax an ounce and an half, sumption, of the Wine; then add the Gums ; Litharge in powder four ounces and an dissolved in Wine, afterwards the Turpen- ; half, Ammoniacum, Bdellium, of each half tine, Rozin, Pitch, and Mastich, in powder,; an ounce, Galbanum, Opopanax, Oil of THE COMPLETE HERBAL 374 two arums, puxc x uipcuunc a.u uuiilc. jjcij .j xi is ui a, geiiue emoiient the Oil, Wax, and Litharge be boiled toge- j nature, prevails against stoppings of the ther till it stick not to jour fingers, then the j stomach coming of cold, hardness of the mass being removed from the fire and cooled j spleen, coldness of the liver and matrix, a little, and the Gums dissolved in white? Etnplastrum Gratia Dei. Nich. Wine Vinegar, which evaporate away by$| Or, the Grace of God. boiling, strain it strongly, then add the? College.~\ Take of Turpentine half a powders, Turpentine, and Oil of Bays, that j pound, Rozin one pound, white Wax four it may be made into a plaster according to \ ounces, Mastich an ounce, fresh Betony, art. | Vervain, and Burnet, of each one handful. Culpeper .] It strengthens the nerves, ? Let the herbs, being bruised, be sufficiently draws out corruption, takes away pains and j boiled in white Wine, the liquor pressed aches, and restores strength to members that j out, in which let the Wax and Rozin be have lost it: the last is most effectual. \ boiled to the consumption of the liquor : Emplastrum Stomachicum Magistrate. \ being taken from the fire, let the Turpentine Or, A Stomach Plaster. j be mixed with il J lastl y> the Mastich in College .] Take of Mints, Wormwood, \ P owd ®F» aad 80 make of them a P laster Stoechas, Bay leaves, of each a dram, Mar-1 ac S? r 7 m S ° ait : joram, red Roses, yellow Sanders, of each! upeper.l t is excellent good in wounds two drams, Calamus Aromaticus, Wood ofj an & ieen u cers > or j ^ keeps back mflam- Aloes, Lavender flowers, Nutmegs, Cubebs, I IT } a 10ns ’. ( j eanses and J 01ns wounds, fills up Galanga, long Pepper, Mace, of each a j ulcers with flesh. dram, Mastich three drams, Cloves two! mplastram de Janua, or of Betony. drams and an half, Oil of Mints an ounce? n rr i ^ lc “°‘ aus ; . and an half, Oil of Nard an ounce, Oil ofl-r,, 0 J - ake ^ the juice of Betony, Spike a dram, Rozin, Wax, of each four 1 antai Uj and Smallage, of eacn one pound, ounces, Labdanum three ounces, StyraxL f,?’ itch, Rozin, J urpentine, of each half an ounce: make it into a plaster. | ^ a pound, boil the Wax and Rozin in Culpeper. J Both this and the other off . J ulce ^ with a gentle fire, continually that name which you shall have by and by, \ s t lirm S thiera till the juice be consumed, strengthen the stomach exceedingly, help * . en ,f dd . . 1 ur pen tine and Pitch, con- digestion and stay vomiting. ttinually stnring it till it be brought into the Emplastrum Ceroma, or, Cerormm. j cons,s ‘ pnce ° f a faster according to art. XT . , } hmplastrum Isis Epigom. Galen. n „ n m r 1C T ^ , ' College .] Take of yellow Wax an hun- Loltege.] J ake of Pitch scraped from a J dred drams, Turpentine two hundred drams, Ship that hath been a long time at Sea, {scales of Copper, Verdigris, round Birth- ye ow Wax, of each seven drams, Saga- j wort, Frankincense, Sal-amoniac, Ammo- penum six drams, Ammoniacum, Turpen- j niacum, burnt brass of each eight drams, tine, Colophoma, Saffron, of each four j burnt Alum six drams, Aloes, Myrrh, Gal- drams, Aloes, Olibanum, Myrrh, of each j banum, of each an ounce and an half, old three drams Styrax Calamitis, Mastich, Oil one pound, sharp Vinegar so much as Upopanax, Galbanum, Alum, the seeds of 1 is sufficient. Let the metals be dissolved i-enugreek, of each two drams, the settlings | in the sun with the Vinegar, then put in _ AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. _875 those things that may be melted, last of all 1 Turpentine, last of all the Colophonia, the powders, and make them all into an I Mastich, Frankincense, Bdellium, Alum, emplaster. j Myrrh, and Fenugreek in powder: let Culpeper .] Galen appropriates it to the \ them be made into a plaster, head, and ulcers there. I know no reason j Culpeper.'] It strengthens the stomach, but why it may as well serve for other parts \ and helps digestion. of the body. j Emplastrum Nigrum. August. Called in A Plaster of Mastich. Nich. Alex. 1 High Dutch Stichstaster. College .] Take of Mastich, Ship Pitch, \ College.] Take of Colophonia, Bozin, Sagapenum, Wax, of each six drams, j Ship Pitch, white Wax, roman Vitriol, Ammoniacum, Turpentine, Colophonia, j Ceruss, Olibanum, Myrrh, of each eight Saffron, Aloes, Frankincense, Myrrh, of jounces, Oil of Roses seven ounces, Oil of each three drams, Opopanax, Galbanum, j Juniper Berries three ounces, Oil of Eggs Styrax Calamitis, Alum, (Rondeletius ap- j two ounces, Oil of Spick one ounce, white points, and we for him) Bitumen, Fenu-j Vitriol, red Coral, Mummy, of each two greek, of each two drams, the feces of j ounces, Earth of Lemnos, Mastich, Dragon's Liquid Styrax, Bdellium, Litharge, of each j blood, of each one ounce, the fat of an half a dram: Let the Litharge being beaten \ Heron one ounce, the fat of Pimullus three into powder, be boiled in a sufficient quan-j ounces, Load stone prepared, two ounces, tity of water; then add the Pitch, which j Earthworms prepared, Camphire, of each being melted, add the Wax and Ammoni-jone ounce; make them into a plaster ac- actam, afterwards let the Sagapenum, Opo- j cording to art. panax, and Galbanum be put in ; then the: Culpeper.] It is very good in green Styrax and Feces being mixed with the j wounds and shootings. 5 r> (37, 38. A KEY TO GALEN’S METHOD OF PHYSIC. i fi The general use of physic. ; the whole ground and foundation of physic) I shall desire thee, whoever thou art, $ are totally led astray by Tradition. that intendest the noble (though too much > It is the manifest qualities of medicines abused) study of physic, to mind heedfully 1 that here I am to speak to, and you may be these following rules ; which being well un-j pleased to behold it in this order, derstood, shew thee the Key of Galen and t Hippocrates their method of physic: he;' — ■ that useth their method, and is not heedful * of these rules, may soon cure one disease, 1 and cause another more desperate. Section. 1. Of the Temperature of Medicines. That thou mayest understand what Ij Section. 2. Of the appropriation of Medicines. intend, it is to discover in a general way of j the manifest virtues of medicines. I say of the manifest virtues, and qualities, 1 viz. Such as are obvious to the senses, i especially to the taste and smell: for it: hath been the practice of most Physicians, in these latter ages as well as ours, to say, j when they cannot give, nor are minded to \ study a reason, why an herb, plant, &c. • j Section. 3. Of the Properties of Medicines. SECTION I. Of the Temperature of Medicines. - - -j — -, r * Herbs, plants, and other medicines mani- hath such an operation, or produces such an j festly operate, either by heat, coldness, dry- enectin the body of man : It doth it by an j ness, or moisture, for the world being corn- hidden quality, for they not minding the i posed of so many qualities, they and only whole creation, as oneunited body, not know-: they can be found in the world, and the ing what belongs to a steal influence, not regard-j mixtures of them one with another, mg that excellent harmony the only wise; But that they may appear as clear as the (j°d hath made in a composition of con-: sun when he is upon the meridian, I shall tranes (in the knowledge of which consists I treat of them severally, and in this order. AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 377 3. Of Medicines temperate. 2. Of Medicines hot. 3. Of Medicines cold. 4. Of Medicines moist. 5. Of Medicines dry. Of Medicines Temperate. If the world be composed of extremes, then it acts by extremes, for as the man is, so is his work: therefore it is impossible that any medicine can be temperate, but, may be reduced to heat, cold, dryness, or moisture, and must operate, (I mean such as operate by manifest quality) by one of these, because there is no other to operate by, and that there should be such a temperate mix¬ ture, so exquisitely of these qualities in any medicine, that one of them should not manifestly excel the other, I doubt it is a system too rare to find. Thus then I conclude the matter to be, those Medicines are called temperate (not because they have excess of temperature at all in them) which can neither be said, to heat nor cool so much as will amount to the first degree of excess, for daily expe¬ rience witnesses that they being added to medicines, change not their qualities, they make them neither hotter nor colder. Their use. They are used in such dis¬ eases where there is no manifest distemper of the first qualities, viz. heat and cold, for example ; In obstruction of the bowels, where cold medicines might make the ob¬ struction greater, and hot medicines cause a fever. t ~\ In fevers of flegm, where the cause is cold and moist, and the effect hot and dry; in such, use temperate medicines which may neither encrease the fever by their heat, ’nor condensate the flegm by their coldness. Besides, because contraries are taken away by their contraries, and every like maintained by its like, they arc of great use, to preserve the constitution of the body emperate, and the body itself in strength and vigour, and may be used without dan¬ ger, or fear of danger, by considering whch part of the body' is weak, and using such temperate medicines as are appropriated to that part. Of Medicines hot. The care of the ancient Physicians was such that they did not labour to hide from, but impart to posterity, not only the tem¬ perature of medicines in general, but also their degrees in temperature, that so the distempered part may be brought to its temperature, and no further; for all things which are of a contrary temperature, con¬ duce not to cure, but the strength of the contrariety must be observed, that so the medicine may be neither weaker nor strong¬ er, than just to take away the distemper; for if the distemper be but meanly hot, and you apply a medicine cold in the fourth degree, it is true, you may soon remove that distemper of heat, and bring another of cold twice as bad. Galen , de simp, med.facul. lib. 3. cap. 12. Then, secondly, Not only the distemper itself, but also the part of the body dis¬ tempered must be heeded ; for if the head be distempered by heat, and you give such medicines as cool the heart or liver, you will bring another disease, and not cure the former. The degrees then of temperature are to be diligently heeded, which antient physi¬ cians have concluded to be four in the quali¬ ties, viz. heat and cold, of each we shall speak a word or two severally. Of Medicines hot in the first degree. , Those are said to be hot in the first de¬ gree, which induce a moderate and natural heat to the body, and to the parts thereof; either cold by nature, or cooled by accident, by which natural heat is cherished when weak, or restored when wanting. Effect 1. The first effect then of medi¬ cines hot in the first degree, is, by their sweat and temperate heat to reduce the 878 THE COMPLETE HERBAL body to its natural heat, as the fire doth the external parts in cold weather, unless the affliction of cold be so great that such mild medicines will not serve the turn. Effect 2. The second effect is, the miti¬ gation of pain arising from such adistemper, and indeed this effect hath other medicines, some that are cold, and some that are hotter than the first degree, they being rationally applied to the distemper. These medicines the G Leeks call Anodyna , and shall be spo¬ ken of in their proper places. In this place let it suffice that medicines hot in the first degree, make the offending humours thin, and expel them by sweat, or insensible transpiration, and these of all others are most congruous or agreeable to the body of man, for there is no such equal temperature of heat and cold in a sound man, but heat exceeds, for we live by heat and moisture, and not by cold. Medicines then which are hot in the first degree, are such as just correspond to the natural heat of our bodies ; such as are hotter or colder, are more subject to do mis¬ chief, being administered by an unskilful hand, than these are, because of their con¬ trariety to nature ; whereas these are grate¬ ful to the body by their moderate heat. Effect 3. Thirdly, These take away weariness, and help fevers, being outwardly applied, because they open the pores of the skin, and by their gentle heat prepare the humours, and take away those fuliginous vapours that are caused by fevers. Discommodities .] Yet may discommo¬ dities arise by heedless giving even of these, which I would have young students in phy¬ sic to be very careful in, lest they do more mischief than they are aware of, viz. It is possible by too much use of them, to con¬ sume not only what is inimical in the body, but also the substance itself, and the strength of the spirits, whence comes faintings, and sometimes death: besides, by applying them to the parts of the body they are not | appropriated to, or by not heeding well the \ complexion of the patient, or the natural \ temper of the part of the body afflicted, for j the heart is hot, but the brain temperate. Effect 4. Lastly, Medicines hot in the I first degree, cherish heat in the internal 1 parts, help concoction, breed good blood, ; and keep it good in temper, being bred. \ Of Medicines hot in the second degree | These are something; hotter than the 5 natural temper of a man Use. Their use for such whose stomachs | are filled with moisture, because their j faculty is too hot and dry ; they take away \ obstructions or stoppings, open the pores J of the skin, but not in the same manner | that such do as are hot in the first degree, l for they do it without force, by a gentle heat, | concocting, and expelling the humours, by ^ strengthening and helping nature in the j work; but these cut tough humours, and | scatter them by their own force and power I when nature cannot. Of Medicines hot in the third degree. Those which attain the third degree of iheat, have the same faculties with those | before mentioned; but as they are hotter, \ so are they more powerful in their opera- 1 tions, for they are so powerful in heating \ and cutting, that if unadvisedly given they \ cause fevers. Use. Their use is to cut | tough and compacted humours, to provoke i sweat abundantly; hence it comes to pass i they all of them resist poison. ; Of Medicines hot in the fourth degree. J Those medicines obtain the highest degree | of heat, which are so hot that they burn the j body of a man, being outwardly applied to j it, and cause inflammations, or raise blisters, Las Crowfoot, Mustard-seed, Onions, &c. l Of these more hereafter. \ i Of cooling Medicines. Physicians have also observed four de- | grees of coldness in medicines, which I shall briefly treat of in order. AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 379 Of Medicines cold in the first degree. j in the second or third degree, always let Those medicines which are least cold of i the remedy correspond to the just propor- all, obtain the first degree of coldness ; and \ tion of the affliction. I beseech you take notice of this, that see- j Use 3. Thirdly, Sometimes the spirits in" our bodies are nourished by heat, and * are moved inordinately through heal, thence we live by heat, therefore no cold medi- \ follows immoderate watchings, if not de- cines are friendly to the body, but what ; privation of the senses, this also must be good they do our bodies, they do it by re- j remedied with cold medicines, for cold moving an unnatural heat, or the body j stops the pores of the skin, makes the heated above it natural temper. humours thick, represses sweat, and keeps The giving then of cold medicines to a \ up the spirits from fainting, man in his natural temper, the season of* Of Medicines cold in the fourth degree. the year also being but moderately hot, ex- * Lastly, The use of medicines cold in the tinguishes natural heat in the body of man. j f our th degree, is, To mitigate desperate and • Yet have these a necessary use in them j yghement pains, stupifymg the senses, when too, though not so frequent as hot medi- * no course can be taken to save life: cines have; and that may be the leason i 0 f q ie useQ f which more hereafter why an all wise God hath furnished us with j Q/ , noistening Medicines. far more hot herbs and plants, See. t lan j C£m be nQ such difference foun(l C ° Use 1. Their use is first, in nourishment,! a “°“8 st moistening medicines, that they that so the heat of food may be qualified, \ “surpass.the second degree For see- and made for a weak stomach to digest. | mg all medicines are either hot or cold. Use 2. Secondly, To restrain and assuage | neither heat nor cold seeing hey are ex- the heat of the 'bowels, and to cool the \ tr ™ es - can co " s,st ™ th mo f ure ; the * one dries it up, the other condensates it. ^ ddiertVoriM f the distemper of heat be but j Use. Phylosophers therefore call mois- gentle. medicines cold in the first degree tare a " d dryness, passive qnahtiesyel have win suffice; also children, and such people the y. their °Pf at,on , likewise; for moist ■” —• - I rss, 'zt&Agz’i'z i. iht « OT j onrf Hid I»~t. ?p'"<”; « p<"p» » J \ medicines moist in the first degree. ’ Uscl. Such whose stomachs are strong, | Those which are moister, take away and livers hot, may easily bear such medt j naturally strength help lie sharpness of cines as are cold in the second degree, and j humours make both blood and spirits S cases o? extremity find mucli help by | t^ker, looses the belly, and fits it for pur- them - as also by such as are cold in the*g a “° n \ . ... . c . hild decree, the extremity of the disease 1 , The immoderate or indiscreet use of them considered, for by both these the unbridled 1 dulls the body and makes it unfit for action, heat of choler is assuaged. { Of drying Medicines. Use 2. Also they are outwardly applied U Drying medicines have contrary faculties to hot swellings, due consideration being \ to these, viz. To consume moisture, stop had, that if the inflammation be not great, i fluxes, and make such parts dry as are use those that are less ; if the inflammation * slippery, they make the body and members be vehement, make use of medicines cold | firm, when they are weakened by too much (37, 38.) 5 E 380 THE COMPLETE HERBAL SECTION II. moisture, that so they may perform their i proper functions. j Yet although the members be strengthen- \ ed by drying medicines, they have not- \ Of the appropriation of .Medicines to the withstanding their own proper moisture in } several parts of the body. them, which ought to be conserved, and not! That the qualities and use of these medi- des troy ed, for without it they cannot con-jcines maybe found out, and understood sist: If then this moisture be consumed by f by every one, and so my country reap the using, or rather over use of drying medi- \ benefit of my labour, they shall find them cines, the members can neither be nourish- \ presented to their view in this order, ed, nor yet perform their proper actions. Such medicines as are dry in the third j degree, being unadvisedly given, hinder; the parts of the body they are appropriated \ to, of their nourishment, and by that means { brings them into consumption. \ Besides, There is a certain moisture in \ the body of man, which is called radical I moisture , which being taken away, the parts \ must needs die, seeing natural heat and life \ also consists in it, and this may be done by * too frequent use of medicines dry in the! fourth degree : And it may be this was the * reason of Galen s writing, that things dry \ in the fourth degree, must of necessity burn;! which is an effect of heat, and not of dry- t Medicines a ppropri a ted. 1. To the head. 2 . 3 . 4. 5 . 6 . 7. 8 . 9. To the breast and lungs To the heart. To the stomach. To the liver. To the spleen. To the reins and bladder. To the womb. To the joints. CHAPTER I. Of Medicines appropriated to the head. , By {head! is usually understood all that ness, unless by burning, Galen means con- j t of L tbe ^ od which is between the top suming the radical moistme. ; of the crown, and the uppermost joint ot e i U i C t 1 ? eno ^ diymg medicines, is only j t p e nec p 9 y e t are those medicines properly to sue i boiies, and paitsof the body, as \ ca ]j ed Cephalical, which are appropriated abound with moisture, in which observe tQ the b £ in> not to the eyes, ears, nor esc ru es. t ; teeth; neither are those medicines which are . tie moisture be not exteme, let not i p rG p cr the ears, proper also to the eyes, the medicine be extremely drying. j {herefore (my intent being to write as plain . *• “ , bt ' P ro f P e , r l ?. the P art ° f th ®!as I can) I shall subdividl this chapter into body afflicted, for if the liver be afflicted) r by moisture, and you go about to dry the« Medicines appropriated brain or heart, you may sooner kill than \ 1 r 1 cure. 1 . o Thus have we briefly spoken of the first \ qualities of medicines, and in the general* only, and but briefly, because we shall \ always touch upon them in the exposition | of the other qualities, in which you must; For what medicines are appropriated to always have an eye to these. ; an unruly tongue, is not m my power at \ present to determine. 3. 4. 5. To the brain. To the eyes To the mouth , and nostrils. To the ears. To the teeth. AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 381 Of Medicines appropriated to the brain. \ Some Cephalics purge the brain, some Before we treat of medicines appropriated j heat it, some cool it, some strengthen it; to the brain, it is requisite that we describe; but how they perform this office peculiarly what the nature and affection of the brain \ to the brain, most physicians confess they is. i could neither comprehend by reason, nor The brain which is the seat of appre- j describe by precepts, only thus, they do it hension, judgment, and memory, the origi- j by an hidden quality, either by strengthen- nal of sense and motion, is by nature tern- J ing the brain, thereby descending it from perate, and if so, then you will grant me j diseases, or by a certain antipathy between that it may easily be afflicted both by heat 5 them and the diseases incident to the brain, and cold, and it is indeed more subject to j Lastly, For the use of Cephalics, ob- affliction by either of them, than any other; serve, if the brain be much afflicted, you part of the body, for if it be afflicted by 1 cannot well strengthen it before you have heat, sense and reason, it is immoderately * purged it, neither can you well purge the moved, if by cold, they languish, and are; brain before you have cleansed the rest of dulled, to pass by other symptoms which j the body, it is so subject to receive the invade the head, if the brain be altered 1 vapours up to it; give cooling Cephalics from its proper temper. l \ when the brain is too hot, and hot Cephalics Also this is peculiar to the brain, that it; when it is too cold, is delighted or offended by smells, sights,; Beware of using cooling medicines to and sounds, but I shall meddle no further \ the brain when the crisis of a disease is with these here, because they are not medi- j near : how that time may be known, I shall cines. ; (God assisting me) instruct you hereafter, Cephalical Medicines may be found out | let it suffice now, that according as the dis- from the affections of the brain itself. The j ease afflicting your head is, so let your brain is usually oppressed with moisture in ; remedy be. such afflictions ; therefore give such medi- $ Of Medicines appropriated to the eyes. cines as very gently warm, cleanse, cut, and J Take such medicines as are appropriated dry: but withal, let them be such as are j to the eyes under the name of (Ocular appropriated to the head, such as physi- \ Medicines) I do it partly to avoid multipli- cians say (by an hidden quality) strengthen : city of words, and partly to instruct my the brain. 1 countrymen in the terms of art belonging Again, if you consider t-he situation of!to physic, (I would have called them the brain, you shall find it placed in the \ [Ophthalmics] had not the word been trou- hin-hest part of the body, therefore it isjblesome to the reading, much more to the easily afflicted with hot vapours: this* understanding of a countryman) as I even punishes a man with watching and head- \ now called such medicines [Cephalics] as ache, as the former did with sottishness and j were appropriated to the brain, sleepiness, in such cases use such Cephalecsl Ocular medicines are two-fbld, viz. ‘such as gently cool the brain. j as are referred to the visive virtues, and such To make Cephalecs of Narcoticks, or j as are referred to the eyes themselves, stupifying medicines, is not my intent, for; Such as strengthen the visive virtue or I am confident they are inimical both to S the optick nerves which convey it to the brain and senses. Of these, and such; eyes (say Doctors) do it by an hidden medicines as also purge the brain, I shall! virtue, into the reason which no man can speak by and by. To return to my purpose. * dive, unless they should fetch it from the 382 THE COMPLETE HERBAL similitude of the substance: And yet they j they are of themselves very dry, therefore say a Goat’s liver conduces much to make j they require medicines which dry much, one see in the night, and they give this \ Medicines appropriated to the teeth. reason, because Goats see as well in thej Vehement heat, and vehement cold, are ni g ht as in the day. Yet is there no affi- j inimical to the teeth, but they are most of nity in temperature nor substance between \ all offended by sharp and sour things, and the liver and the eyes : However Astro- j the reason is, because they have neither logers know well enough that all herbs, \ skin nor flesh to cover them, they delight in plants, &e. that are under the dominion of j such medicines as are cleansing and bind- eithersun or moon, and appropriated tojing, because they are troubled with de- thehead, be they hot or cold they strengthen! fluxions and rheums upon every light oc- the visive virtue, as Eyebright, which is hot l casion; and that’s the reason the common Lunaria , or Moonwort which is cold. As for what appertains to the constitu¬ tion of the eyes themselves, seeing they are exact in sense, they will not endure the least inconvenience, therefore such medi¬ cines as are outwardly applied to them (for such medicines as strengthen the visive ; virtues are always given inwardly) let them 1 neither hurt by their hardness nor gnawing quality, nor be so tough that they should stick to them. Therefore let ocular medi¬ cines be neither in powders nor ointments, because oil itself is offensive to the eyes, and how pleasing powders are to them, you may perceive yourself by just going into the dust. | use of fat and sweet things, soon rots the teeth. CHAPTER II. Of Medicines appropriated to the breast and lungs. The medicines appropriated to the breast and lungs, you shall find called all along by the name of [pectorals ] that’s the term Physicians give them, when you heat them talk of pectoral Syrups, pectoral rows, or pectoral Ointments. They are divers, some of which regard ^ the part afflicted, others the matter afflict- Medicines appropriated to the mouth and nose, x ing. Apply no stinking medicine to a disease l But although sometimes in ulcers of the in the nose, for such offend not only the! lungs, we are forced to use binding medi- nose, but also the brain ; neither administer! cines, to join the ulcer, yet are not these medicines of any ill taste to a disease in the \ called pectorals, because binding medicines mouth, for that subverts the stomach, be- j are extreme hurtful to the breast and lungs, cause the tunicle of the mouth and of the i both because they hinder one’s fetching his stomach is the same: and because both mouth and nostrils are ways by which the breath, and also because they hinder the avoiding that flegm by which the breast is brain is cleansed, therefore are they in- oppressed fected with such vices as need almost con- \ Such medicines are called pectorals, tinual cleansing, and let the medicines you | which are of a lenifying nature, apply to them be either pleasant, or at*, Besides, Those which make thin matter least, not ingrateful. Medicines appropriated to the ears . \ thicker are of two sorts, viz. Some are mild \ and gentle, which may safely be admin is ted, The ears are easily afflicted by cold, 1 be the matter hot or cold which offendeth ; because they are always open, therefore j others are very cold, which are used only they require hot medicines. And because 5 when the matter offending is sharp. AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 383 But because such medicines as conduce to the cure of the phthisics (which is an ulceration of the lungs, and the disease usually called, the consumption of tin lungs,) are also reckoned in amongst pec¬ toral,s it is not amiss to speak a word or two of them. In the cure of this disease are three things to be regarded. 1. To cut and bring away the concreted blood. 2. To cherish and strengthen the lungs. 3. To conglutinate the ulcer. And indeed some particular simples will perform all these, and physicians confess it; which shews the wonderful mystery the all-wise God hath made in the creation, that one and the same simple should per¬ form two contrary operations on the same part of the body ; for the more a medicine cleanses, the more it conglutinates. To conclude then, Pectoral Medicines are such as either cut and cleanse out the compacted humours from the arteries of the lungs, or make thin defluxions thick, or temper those that are sharp, help the rough¬ ness of the wind-pipe, or are generally lenitive and softening, being outwardly ap¬ plied to the breast. CHAPTER III. Of Medicines appropriated to the heart. These are they which are generally given under the notion of Cordials; take them under that name here. The heart is the seal of the vital spirit, the fountain of life, the original of infused heat, and of the natural affections of man. So then these two things are proper to the heart. 1. By its heat to cherish life throughout the body. %. To add vigour to the affections. And if these be proper to the heart, you (30, 40.) | will easily grant me, that it is the property • of cordials to administer to the heart in these \ particulars. i Of Cordials, some cheer the mind, some \ strengthen thg heart, and refresh the spirits \ thereof, being decayed. | Those which cheer the mind, are not one \ and the same ; for as the heart is variously disturbed, either by anger, love, fear, hatred, sadness, &c. So such things as flatter lovers or appease the angry, or comfort the fearful, or please the hateful, may well be \ called cordials; for the heart, seeing it is I placed in the middle between the brain | and the liver, is wrought upon by reason, as t well as by digestion, yet these, because ! they are not medicines, are beside my pre- $ sent scope. And although it is true, that mirth, love, \ 8cc. are actions, or motions of the mind, j not of the body; yet many have been \ induced to think such affections may be | wrought in the body by medicines. The heart is chiefly afflicted by too much heat, by poison, and by stinking vapours, \ and these are remedied by the second sort | of cordials, and indeed chiefly belong to i our present scope. According to these three afflictions, viz . 1. Excessive heat . 2. Poison. 3. Melancholy vapours. j Are three kinds of remedies which suc- I corn* the afflicted heart. Such as : 1. By their cooling nature mitigate the heat | of fevers. 2. Resist poison. \ 3. Cherish the vital spirits when they turn- \ guish. 1 All these are called Cordials, i 1. Such as cool the heart in fevers, yet | is not every thing that cooleth cordial, for | lead is colder than gold, yet is not lead | cordial as gold is, some hold if cordial by a hidden quality, others by reason. 5 F 384 THE COMPLETE HERBAL 2. Such as resist poison; there is a two¬ fold resisting of poison. 1 . By an antipathy between the medicine and poison. 2. By a sympathy between the medicine and the heart. Of the first we shall speak anon, in a chapter by itself. The latter belongs to this chapter, and they are such medicines, whose nature is to strengthen the heart, and fortify it against the poison, as Rue, Ange¬ lica, &c. Eor as the operation of the for¬ mer is upon the poison, which afflicteth the heart, so the operation of the latter is upon the heart afflicted by the poison. To this class may be referred all such medicines as strengthen the heart either by astral influence, or by likeness of substance, if there be such a likeness in medicines, for a Bullock's heart is of like substance to man’s, yet I question whether it be cor¬ dial or not. 3. And lastly, Such as refresh the spirits, and make them lively and active, both because they are appropriated to the office, and also because they drive stinking and melancholy vapours' from the heart, for as the animal spirit be refreshed by fragrant smells, and the natural spirits by spices, so arc the vital spirits refreshed by all such medicines as keep back melancholy vapours from the heart, as Borrage, Bugloss, Rose¬ mary,Citron Pills, the compositions of them, and many others, which this treatise will amply furnish you with. CHAPTER IV. , Of Medicines appropriated to the stomach. By stomach, I mean that ventricle which contains the food till it be concocted into chyle. * Medicines appropriated to the stomach are usually called stomachicals. 1110 infirmities usually incident to the stomach are three. \ 1. Appetite lost. 1 2.' Digestion weakened. } 3. The retentive faculty corrupted. When the appetite is lost, the man feels j no hunger when his body needs nourish- ; ment. \ When digestion is weakened it is not \ able to concoct the meat received into the I stomach, but it putrefies there. \ When the retentive faculty is spoiled the > stomach is not able to retain the food till it 1 be digested, but either vomits it up again, 1 or causes fluxes. Such medicines then as remedy all these, jare called stomachicals. And of them in | order. 1. Such as provoke appetite are usually 1 of a sharp or sourish taste, and yet withal | of a grateful taste to the palate, for although 1 loss of appetite may proceed from divers 5 causes, as from choler in the stomach, or j putrefied humours or the like, yet such | things as purge this choler or humours, are i properly called Orecticks , not stomachicals ; ; the former strengthen appetite after these i are expelled. 2. Such medicines help digestion as \ strengthen the stomach, either by conve- | nient heat, or aromatic (viz. spicy) faculty, 5 by hidden property, or congruity of nature. 3. The retentive faculty of the stomach 1 is corrected by binding medicines, yet not * by all binding medicines neither, for some i of them are adverse to the stomach, but i by such binding medicines as are appro- ; printed to the stomach. 1 Eor the use of these. \ Use 1 . Use not such medicines as pro- \ voke appetite before you have cleansed the \ stomach of what hinders it. i Use 2. Such medicines as help digestion, j give them a good time before meat that so | they may pass to the bottom of the stomach, | (for the digestive faculty lies there,) before | the food come into it. Use 3. Such as strengthen the retentive AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 38 vomiting. faculty, give them a little before meat, if 1 And thus much for the liver, the office of to stay duxes; a little after meat, if to stay which is to concoct chyle, (which is a white substance the stomach digests the food into) into blood, and distributes it, by the veins, to every part of the body, whereby the body is nourished, and decaying flesh re- : stored. CHAPTER V. Of Medicines appropriated to the liver. Be pleased to take these under the name | of Hepatics , for that is the usual name* physicians give them, and these also are of * three sorts. 1 1. Some the liver is delighted in. Others strengthen it. Others help its vices. CHAPTER VI. 2 . 3. The Of Medicines appropriated to the spleen. In the breeding of blood, are three ex- cerements most conspicuous, viz. urine , | choler , and melancholy. palate is the seat of taste, and its j The proper seat of choler is in the gall, office is to iudge what food is agreeable to \ The urine passeth down to the reins or the stomach, and what not, by that is both \ kidneys, which is all one. the quality and quantity of food for the * The spleen takes the thickest or melan- stomach discerned: the very same office $ choly blood to itself. the meseraik veins perform to the liver. \ This excrement of blood is twofold : for Sometimes such food pleases the palate \ either by excessive heat, it is addust, and which the liver likes not (but not often) | this is that the Latins call Atra Bills: or and therefore the meseraik veins refuse it, 1 else it is thick and earthly of itself, and this and that is the reason some few men fancy \ properly is called melancholy humour, such food as makes them sick after the! Hence then is the nature of splenical eating thereof. j medicines to be found out, and by these 1. The liver is delighted exceedingly with \ two is the spleen usually afflicted for Atra sweet things, draws them greedily, and \ bills , .(I know not what distinct English digests them as swiftly, and that is the reasonj name to give it) many times causes mad- honey is so soon turned into choler. 1 ness, and pure melancholy causeth obstruc- 2. Such medicines strengthen the liver, itions of the bowels, and tumours, whereby as (beirtg appropriated to it) very gently j the concoction of the blood is vitiated, bind, for seeing the office of the liver is to land dropsies many times follow, concoct, it needs some adstriction, that so* Medicines then peculiar to the spleen both the heat and the humour to be con- s must needs be twofold also, some appro- cocted may be stayed, that so the one slip > priated to Atra bills , others to pure melan* not away, nor the other be scattered. Icholy; but of purging either of them, I Yet clo not hepatical medicines require j shall omit till I come to treat of purging in so great a binding faculty as stomachicals do, 1 a chapter by itself. because the passages of the stomach arej 1. Such medicines are splenical, which more open than those of the liver by which * by cooling and moistening temper Atra it either takes in chyle, or sends out blood * bills : let not these medicines be too cold to the rest of the body, therefore medicines \ neither, for there is no such heat in Atra that are very binding are hurtful to the * bills as there is in choler, and therefore it liver, and either cause obstructions, or hin-i needs no such excessive cooling: amongst der the distribution of the blood, or both. * the number of these are such as we men- 386 THE COMPLETE HERBAL tioned amongst the cordials to repel melan¬ choly vapours from the heart, such temper and assuage the malice of Atra bilis. 2. Those medicines are also splenical, by which melancholy humours are cor¬ rected and so prepared, that they may the more easily be evacuated : such medicines are cutting and opening, and they differ from hepaticals in this that they are no ways binding; for the spleen being no ways addicted to concoction, binding medicines do it harm, and not good. 3. Sometimes the spleen is not only ob¬ structed, but also hardened by melancholy humours, and in such cases emolient medi¬ cines may be well called splemcals, not such as are taken inwardly, for they operate upon the stomach and bowels, but such as are outwardly applied to the region of the spleen. And although sometimes medicines, are outwardly applied to hardness of the liver, yet they differ from splenicals, because they are binding, so are not splenicals. such, that they abhor all binding medicines, because they cause stoppage ot urine. 'lake notice, that the reins and bladder being subject to inflammations endure not very hot medicines. Because the bladder is further remote from the centre of the body than the kidnies are, therefore it requires stronger medicines than the kidnies do, lest the strength of the medicine be spent before it be come to the part afllicted. CHAPTER VII. Of Medicines appropriated to the reins and bladder. The office of the reins is, to make a separation between the blood and the urine; to receive this urine thus separated from the blood, is the bladder ordained, which is of a sufficient bigness to contain it. Both these parts of the body officiating about the urine, they are both usually af¬ flicted by the vices of the urine. 1. By stones. 2. By inflammation. 3. By thick humours. Medicines appropriated to the reins and bladder are usually called Nephriticals, and are threefold ; some cool, others cut gross humours, and a third sort breaks the stone. In the use of all these, take notice, that the constitution of the reins and bladder is CHAPTER VIII. Of Medicines appropriated to the womb. I These, physicians call Hystericals , and to | avoid multiplicity of words, take them in | this discourse under that notion. ; Take notice that such medicines as pro¬ voke the menses, or stop them when they flow immoderately, are properly hystericals, but shall be spoken to by and by in a chap- | ter by themselves. i As for the nature of the womb, it seems |to be much like the nature of the brain and \ stomach, for experience teacheth that it is [delighted with sweet and aromatical medi- \ cines, and flies from their contraries. For example: a woman being troubled | with the fits of the mother, which is draw- | ing of the womb upward, apply sweet things, \ as Civet, or the like, to the place ofconcep- I tion, it draws it down again ; but apply i stinking things to the nose, as Assafoetida, or ! the like, it expels it from it, and sends it j down to its proper place. CHAPTER IX. Of Medicines appropriated to the joints. The joints are usually troubled with cephalic diseases, and then are to be cured by cephalic medicines. Medicines appropriated to the joints, are called by the name Arthritical medicines. The joints, seeing they are very nervous, AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 387 require medicines which are of a heating i 1. A distention or stretching of a part by and drying nature, with a gentle binding, j too much fulness. and withal, such as by peculiar virtue are j 2. Thick humours which are destitute of appropriated to them, and add strength to j heat, growing hard in that part of the body them. It is true, most cephalics do so, yet \ into which they flow. because the joints are more remote from the i So many properties then ought emolient centre, they require stronger medicines. \ medicines to have, viz. To moisten what is For removing pains in the joints this is j dry, to discuss what is stretched, to warm the method of proceeding. |what is congealed by cold; yet properly, Pains is either taken away, or eased fori that only is said to mollify which reduceth the true cure is to take away the cause ofja hard substance to its proper temperature, the pain, sometimes the vehemency of the; Dryness and thickness of humours being pain is so great that you must be forced to i the cause of hardness, emolient medicines use Anodines (for so physicians call such!must of necessity be hot and moist; and medicines as ease pain) before you can i although you may peradventure find some meddle with the cause, and this is usually ; of them dry in the second or third degrees, when the part pained is inflamed, for those \ yet must this dryness be tempered and medicines which take away the cause of ; qualified with heat and moisture, for reason pain being very hot, if there be any in-twill tell you that dry medicines make hard flammation in the part pained, you must j parts harder. abstain from them till the inflammation be» Mollifying medicines are know, 1. by taken away. j their taste, 2. by their feeling. ______ 1 1. In taste, they are near unto sweat, but ! fat and oily ; they are neither sharp, nor j austere, nor sour, nor salt, neither do they | manifest either binding, or vehement heat, I or cold to be in them. \ 2. In feeling you can perceive no rough- CHAPTER I. ~ ' ness, neither do they stick to your fingers r\r r> i- , ** ,• • ! like Birdlime, for they ought to penetrate 0/ Emolient Medicines. j the parts to be mollified, and therefore many The vanous mixtures of heat, cold, dry-1 times if occasion be, are cutting medicines ness, and moisture in simples, must of t mixed with them, necessity produce variety of faculties, and j operations in them, which now we come to i treat of, beginning first at emolients. \ What is hard, and what is soft, most men * uniii llm know, but few are able to express. Phy-$ Of hardening Medicines. losophers define that to be hard which j Galen in Lib. 5. de Simple, Med. Facult. yields not to touching, and soft to be the j Cap. 10. determines hardening medicines to contrary. An emolient, or softening medi-; be cold and moist, and he brings some argu- cine is one which leduceth a hard substance; ments to prove it, against which other phy- to its proper temperature. j sicians contest. But to leave phylosophy, and keep to t I shall not here stand to quote the dis¬ play sic. physicians describe hardness to be; pute, only take notice, that if softening two-fold. ^ | medicines be hot and moist (as we shewed (39, 40.) 5 G SECTION III. Of the propriety or operation of Medicines. THE COMPLETE HERBAL oven now) then hardening medicines must: being useful, that it is obnoxious to the needs be cold and dry, because they are j body of man. I pass it without mo're contrary to them. j words. I suppose when Galen wrote of* The universal course of nature will prove ? hardening medicines, he intended such as it, for dryness and moisture are passive \ make thick, and therefore amongst them he qualities, neither can extremeties consist in \ reckons up Fleawort, Purslain, Houseleek, moisture as you may know, if you do but? and the like, which assuage the heat of the consider that dryness is not attributed to j humours in swellings, and stops subtil and the air, nor water, but to the fire, and earth. \ sharp defluxions upon the lungs; but of 2. The thing to be congealed must needs? these more anon, be moist, therefore the medicine congealing i must of necessity be dry, for if cold be? ' ^ joined with dryness, it contracts the pores, j CHAPTER III. that so the humours cannot be scattered. j Yet you must observe a difference be-? Of Loosening Medicines. tween medicines drying, making thick, i By loosening here, I do not mean purg- hardening, and congealing, of which dif-jing, nor that which is opposite to astrin- ferences, a few words will not do amiss. jgency; but that which is opposite to 1. Such medicines are said to dry, which i stretching: I knew not suddenly what fitter draw out, or drink up the moisture, as a \ English name to give it, than loosening or spunge drinks up water. ‘taxation, which tatter is scarce English. 2. Such medicines are said to make thick, j The members are distended or stretched as do not consume the moisture, but add ? divers ways, and ought to be loosened by as dryness to it, as you make syrups into ! many, for they are stretched sometimes by a thick electuary by adding powders to j dryness, sometimes by cold, sometimes by them. repletion or fullness, sometimes by swell- 3. Such as congeal, neither draw out the jings, and sometimes by some of these joined moisture, nor make it thick by adding dry- j together. I avoid terms of art as much as ness to it, but contract it by vehement cold,! I can, because it would profit my country as water is frozen into ice. \ but little, to give them the rules of physic 4. Hardness differs from all these, for the j in such English as they understand not. parts of the body swell, and are filled with \ I confess the opinion of ancient physi- flegmatic humours, or melancholy blood, j cians hath been various about these loosen- which at last grows hard. ^ ing medicines. Galen s opinion was, that That you may clearly understand this, 1 they might be referred either to moistening, or observe but these two things. j heating, or mollifying, or evacuating medi- 1. What it is which worketh. ! cines, and therefore ought not to be referred 2. What it worketh upon. \ to a chapter by themselves. That which worketh is outwardly cold. ? It is likely they may, and so may all other That which is wrought upon, is a certain j medicines be referred to heat, or coldness, thickness and dryness, of humours, for if? or dryness, or moisture: but w r e speak not the humour were fluid as water is, it might there of the particular properties of medi- propcrly be. said to be congealed by cold, j cines, but of their joined properties, as they but. not so properly hardened. Thus you ; heat and moisten. see cold and dryness to be the cause of j Others, they question how they can be dis¬ burdening. This hardening being so far from \ tinguished from such as mollify, seeing such AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 389 as are loosening, and such as are emolient, are both of them hot and moist. To that, thus: stretching and loosening are ascribed to the moveable parts of the body, as to the muscles and their tendons, to the ligaments and Membranes,; but soft¬ ness and hardness to such parts of the body as may be felt with the hand : I shall make clear by a similitude, Wax is softened, being hard, but Fiddle-strings are loosened being stretched. And if you say that the dif¬ ference lying only in the parts of the body is no true difference, then take notice, that such medicines which loosen, are less hot, and more moistening, than such as soften, for they operate most by heat, these by moisture. The truth is, I am of opinion the dif¬ ference is not much, nay, scarce sensible, between emolient and loosening medicines ; only I quoted this in a chapter by itself, not so much because some authors do, as because it conduceth to the increase of knowledge in physic, fori want of which, this poor nation is almost spoiled. The chief use of loosening medicines is in convulsions and cramps, and such like infirmities which cause distention or stretch¬ ing. They are known by the very same marks and tokens that emolient medicines are. CHAPTER IV. I ' j i r i 'u . i Of drawing Medicines. The opinion of physicians is, concerning these, as it is concerning other medicines, viz. Some draw by a manifest quality, some by a hidden, and so (quoth they) they draw to themselves both humours and thorns, or splinters that are gotten into the flesh ; how r - ever this is certain, they are all of them hot, and of thin parts; hot because the nature of heat is to draw off thin parts that so they may penetrate to the humours that are to to be drawn out. | Their use is various, viz. Use 1. That the bowels may be disbur- | dened of corrupt humours, i 2. Outwardly used, by them the offend- 1 ing humour (I should have said the peccant 1 humour, had I written only to scholars,) is \ called from the internal parts of the body j to the superfices. ... < • 3. By them the crisis of a disease is much ; helped forward. 4. They are exceedingly profitable to draw \ forth poison out of the body. ! 5. Parts of the body over cooled are ; cured by these medicines, viz. by applying | them outwardly to the place, not only be- : cause they heat, but also because they draw the spirits by which life and heat are cherished, to the part of the body which is j destitute of them : you cannot but know j that many times parts of the body fall away $ in flesh, and their strength decays, as in \ some persons arms or legs, or the like, the 1 usual reason is, because the vital spirit \ decays in those parts, to which use such \ plaisters or ointments as are attractive (which | is the physical term for drawing medicines) i for they do not only cherish the parts by ; their own proper heat, but draw the vital ! and natural spirits thither, whereby they bare both quickened and nourished. They are known almost by the same | tokens that attenuating medicines are, see¬ ding heat; and thinness of parts is in them J both, they differ only in respect of quantity, \ thinness of parts being most proper to at¬ tenuating medicines, but attractive medi* \ cines are hotter. CHAPTER V. Of discussive Medicines. | The nature of discussing (or sweating) medicines is almost the same with attractive, for there are no discussive medicines but are attractive, nor scarce any attractive \ medicine but is in some measure o« other 300 THE COMPLETE HERBAL discussing. The difference then is only CHAPTER VI. this; that discussive medicines are hotter i than attractive, and therefore nothing else j need be written of their nature. t Of repelling Medicines. Use. Their use may be known even from | Repelling medicines are of contrary their very name; for diseases that come by \ operation 10 these three last mentioned, viz. repletion or fulness, are cured by evacution ! attenuating, drawing, and discussive medi- or emptying; yet neither blood nor gross jcines: It is true, there is but little difference humours are to be expelled by sweating, or j between these three, some hold none at all; insensible transpiration (as they call it) j and if you will be so nice, you may oppose but the one requires blood-letting, the other \ them thus. And so medicines making purgation, but scrosus or thin humours and j thick, correspond to attenuating medicines, filthy vapours, and such like superfluities, j or such as make thin, repelling medicines are to be expelled by sweat, and be wary I are opposed to such as draw, and such as in this too, for many of them work violently, j retain the humours and make them lough, and violent medicines are not rashly to be \ are opposite to such as discuss, some hold given. ' | this niceness needless. Caution 2. Besides,swellingsaresometimes I 2. The sentence of authors about repul- made so hard by sweating medicines, that \ sive medicines is various, afterwards they can never be cured; for | For seeing an influxion may be caused what is thin being by such medicines taken j many ways, a repulsive hath got as many away, nothing but what is perfectly hard \ definitions. remains: If you fear such a thing, mix \ For such things as cool, bind, stop, and emolients with them. { make thick, stay influxions, and therefore Cant. 3. Again, sometimes by using dis- \ repulsives are by authors opposed, not only cussives, the humours offending (which j to attractives, but also to attenuating, and physicians usually call the peccant humours ) 1 discussing medicines. is driven to some more noble part of the j But properly such things are called re¬ body, or else it draws more than it dis- \ pulsives, which do not only stay influxions, cussseth ; in such cases, concoct and at-; (for so do such medicines which stop and tenuate the matter offending before you go 1 make thick) but such as drive the humours about to discuss it. \ flowing to, or inherit in the place, to some From hence may easily be gathered at j other place, what time of the disease discussive medi- : The truth is, binding is inherent to repul- cines are to be used, viz. about the declin-: sives, so is not coldness nor making thick : ing of the disease, although in diseases j Vet such as are binding, cold and thin in arising from heat of blood, we sometimes j operation, are most effectual, use them in the encrease and state of them. j Your taste will find repulsives to be, tart. They are known by the same marks and/or sharp, or austere, with a certain binding tokens attenuating medicines are, viz. by ; which contracts the tongue, their burning and biting quality, they being i Use 1. Their use is manifold, as in hot very hot, and of thin parts, void of any : tumours, head-aches, or the like, biting quality, therefore they contract not; Use 2. By these in fevers are the vapours the tongue in tasting of them. \ driven from the head, Vinegar of Roses is \ notable. 1 Time of giving. They are most comma- AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 391 dious in the beginning and encrease of a disease, for then influxions most prevail. But seeing that in the cure of tumours there are two scopes, 1. That that which flows to it may be repelled. 2. That that which is already in it may be discussed; repulsives are most commodiously used in the beginning, discussives in the latter end. In the middle you may mix them, with this proviso, that repulsives exceed in the beginning, discussives in the latter end. Caution 1. If the matter offending be of a venomous quality, either abstain from re¬ pulsives altogether, or use purging first, lest the matter fly to the bowels and prove dan¬ gerous, especially if the bowels be weak. 2. Also forbear repulsives, if the pain be great. 3. Lastly, Have a care lest by repulsives you contract the pores so much, that the matter cannot be removed by discussives. CHAPTER VII. Of cleansing Medicines. Cleansing medicines can neither be defined by heat, nor coldness, because some of both sorts cleanse. A cleansing medicine, then, is of a ter¬ rene quality, which takes away the filth with it, and carries it out. Definition.'] Here, to avoid confusion, a difference must be made between washing and cleansing. A thing which washeth, carries away by fluxion, as a man washeth the dirt off from a thing. A cleansing medicine by a certain rough¬ ness or nitrous quality, carries away the compacted filth with it. This also is the difference between cleans¬ ing and discussing medicines, the one makes thick humours thin, and so scatters them, but a cleansing medicine takes the most : tenacious humour along with it, without any alteration. (39, 40.) Besides, of cleansing medicines, some are of a gentler nature, some are more vehement. These are not known one and the same ; way; for some are sweet, some salt, and some bitter. The use of cleansing is external, as the use of purges are internal. They are used to cleanse the sanies and other filth of ulcers, yea, and to consume and eat awaj^ the flesh itself, as burnt Alum, precipitate, &c. When these must be used, not only the effects of the ulcers, but also the tempera¬ ture of the body will tell you. For if you see either a disease of full ess, which our physicians call [ Plethora ] or cor¬ rupted humours which they call [ Cacochyma ] you must empty the body of these, viz. fulness by bleeding, and corrupt humours, or evil state of the body, by purging before you use cleansing medicines to the ulcer, else your cure will never proceed prosper¬ ously. * CHAPTER VIII. j * Of Emplasters . : By Emplasters, here, I do mean things i glutinative, and they are quite contrary to | things cleansing. t They are of a far more glutinous and j tenacious substance. ; They differ from things stopping because I they do not stop the pores so much, as stick : to them like Birdlime. They have a certain glutinous heat, tem¬ pered both with coldness and moisture. From these plasters take their names. Their taste is either none at all, or not discernable whether hot or cold, but fat, insipid, or without taste, or sweet, and vis¬ cous in feeling. Their use is to stop flowing of blood, and other fluxes, to cause suppuration, to con¬ tinue the heat, that so tumours may be ripened. 5 u tm THE COMPLETE HERBAL Also they are mixed with other medi- i taste, for many things grateful to the taste cines, that the 3 r may the better be brought \ provokes vomiting, therefore why may not into the form of an emplaster, an 1 may j the contrary be ? stick the better to the members. $ The most frequent use of suppuration is, | to ripen Phlegmonce , a general term physi- TV icians give to all swellings proceeding of UrlArlHili 1A. ! blood, because nature is very apt to help b — ' Of suppuring Medicines. \ such cures, and physic is an art to help, These have a great affinity with emolients, | not to hinder nature, like to them in temperature, only emolients i The time of use is* usually in the height are somewhat hotter. ; of the disease, when the dux is stayed, as Yet is there a difference as apparent as; also to ripen matter that it may be the the sun when he is upon the meridian, and i easier purged away, the use is manifest. For, i ___ ■ - - Emolients are to make hard things soft, > but what suppures, rather makes a genera- j tion than an alteration of the humour. | Natural heat is the efficient cause of$ CHAPTER X. Of Medicines provoking urine. The causes by which mine is suppressed suppuration, neither can it be done by any i are many. external means. I 1. By too much drying, or sweating, it Therefore such things are said to suppure, j may be consumed, which by a gentle heat cherish the inbred j 2. By heat or indammation of the reins, heat of man. |or passages whereby it passes from the This is done by such medicines which j reins, it may be stopped by compression, are not only temperate in heat, but also by * Urine is. the thinnest part of blood, sepa- a gentle viscosity, fill up or stop the pores, | rated from the thickest part in the reins, that so the heat of the part affected be not j If then the blood be more thick and vis- scattered. ! cons than ordinary, it cannot easily be sepa- For although such things as bind hinder J rated without cutting and cleansing medi- the dissipation of the spirits, and internal*cines. heat, yet they retain not the moisture as 1 This is for certain, that blood can neither suppuring medicines properly and especially \ be separated nor distributed without heat, do. j Yet amongst diureticks are some cold The heat then of suppuring medicines is| things, as the four greater cold seeds, Win¬ like the internal heat of our bodies. i ter-cherries, and the like. As things then very hot, are ingrateful \ Although this seem a wonder, yet it may either by biting, as Pepper, or bitterness: j be, and doth stand with truth, in suppuring medicines, no biting, no bind- \ For cool diureticks, though they further ing, no nitrous quality is perceived by the j not the separation of the blood one jot, taste, (I shall give you better satisfaction \ yet they cleanse and purge the passages of both in this and others, by and by.) I the urine. Eor reason will tell a man, that such things! Diureticks then are of two sorts : hinder rather than help the work of nature j 1 . Such as conduce to the separation of in maturation. \ the blood. Yet it follows not from hence, that all! 2. Such as open the urinal passages, suppuring medicines are grateful to the * The former are biting (and are known by AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. 393 their taste) very hot and cutting, whence j Let them not then exceed the first degree they penetrate to the reins, and cut the gross humours there. Bitter things, although they be very hot, and cut gross humours, yet are they of a more dry and terrene substance than is convenient to provoke urine. Hence then we may safely gather, that bitter things are not so moist nor penetrat- unless the ulcer be very moist. Their difference are various, according to the part wounded, which ought to be restored with the same flesh. * The softer then, and tenderer the place is, the gentler let the medicines be. ln §'» as such as bite like Pepper. CHAPTER XI. Of Medicines breeding flesh. There are many things diligently to be observed in the cures of wounds and ulcers, which incur and hinder that the cure cannot be speedily done, nor the separated parts reduced to their natural state. Viz, Fluxes of blood, inflammation, hardness, pain, and other things besides our present scope. Our present scope is, to shew how the cavity of ulcers may be filled with flesh. Such medicines are called Sar coticks. This, though it be the work of nature, yet it is helped forward with medicines, that the blood may be prepared, that it may the easier be turned into flesh. These are not medicines which breed good blood, nor which correct the intem- perature of the place afflicted, but which defend the blood and the ulcer itself from corruption in breeding flesh. For nature in breeding flesh produceth two sorts of excrements, viz. scrosus humours, and purulent dross. j Those medicines then which cleanse and consume, these by drying are said to breed flesh, because by their helps nature per¬ forms that office. Also take notice that these medicines are not so drying that they should consume the blood also as well as the sanies, nor so cleans¬ ing that they should consume the flesh with the dross. CHAPTER XII. Of glutinative Medicines. That is the true cure of an ulcer which joins the mouth of it together. That is a glutinative medicine, which couples together by drying and binding, the sides of an ulcer before brought together. These require a greater drying faculty than the former, not only to consume what flows out, but what remains liquid in the flesh, for liquid flesh is more subject to flow abroad than stick to together. The time of using them, any body may know without leaching, viz. when the ulcer is cleansed and filled with llesh, and such symptoms as hinder are taken away. For many times ulcers must be kept open that the sanies, or fords that lie in them may be purged out, whereas of themselves they would heal before. Only beware, lest by too much binding you cause pain in tender parts. CHAPTER XIII. Of Medicines resisting poison. ; Such medicines are called Ale Viter kg and \ Alexipharmaca , which resist poison. | Some of these resist poison by astral in- j fluence, and some physicians (though but (few) can give a reason for it. | These they have sorted into three ranks : | 1. Such as strengthen nature, that so it | may tame the poison the easier, j 2. Such as oppose the poison by a con- ■ trary quality. 394 THE COMPLETE HERBAL "“s.' Such as violently thurst it out of! If thou dost but observe the nature and c ] oors< \ motion of the venom, that will be thy best Such as strengthen nature against poison, > instructor, either do it to the body universally, or else! In the stomach it requires vomiting, in strengthen some particular part thereof. \ the blood and spirits, sweating, it the body For many times one particular part of \ be plethoric, bleeding, if full of evil humours, the body is most afflicted by the poison,j.purging. suppose the stomach, liver, brain, or any j Lastly, The cure being ended, strengthen other part: such as cherish and strengthen \ the parts afflicted, those parts, being weakened, may be said to \ resist poison. j i Such as strengthen the spirits, strengthen t CHAPTER XIV all the body. Sometimes poisons kill by their quality, \ and then are they to be corrected by their j contraries. Of purging Medicines. Much jarring hath been amongst phy- | sicians about purging medicines, namely. They which kill by cooling aie to be j whether they draw the humours to them by remedied by heating, and the conti aiy,. p l ^ c | c | en quality, which in plain English is, they which kill by conoding, aie to itb e y know not how; or whether they per- .J 1 -v tt 1 tr /\n n, i r» l a n "f" O I'll V\ C\T* t q p IT 1 t _ _ .. « . . *** cured by lenitives, such as temper acrimony. form their office by manifest quality, viz. 1 by heat, dryness, coldness, or moisture Those which kill by indication, oi coa- j - g not present scope to enter the lists gulation, lequue cutting medicines. | of a dispute about the business, neither Also because all poisons are in motion, seem