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REMARKS 
 
 OX 
 
 CHRISTIAN GRAVE-STONES. 
 
, n 
 
 
 
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REMARKS 
 
 ON 
 
 CHRISTIAN GRAVE-STONES 
 
 WITH 
 
 WORKING DRAWINGS. 
 
 BY THE 
 
 REV. ECCLES J. CARTER, M.A., 
 
 OF EXETER COLLEGE, OXFORD, VICAR OF KINGSTON, SOMERSET. 
 
 S. EURIAN, CORNWALL, 
 
 “ Esteem every Sepulchre or Grave-stone sacred, and adorn it with the sign of the Cross ; 
 which take care you do not so much as tread on .” — Lntv of Kenneth McAlpine, cir. 
 A.n. 840. Gough’s Skpulchrai. Monuhucnts, Vol. i. page .35. 
 
 SaonK lEtn'tion. 
 
 LONDON t 
 
 JOSEPH MASTERS, ALDERSGATE STREET, 
 
 AND NEW BOND STREET. 
 
 MDCCCLVII. 
 
PRINTED 
 
 LONDON 
 
 BY JOSEPH MASTERS AND CO, 
 ALDERSGATE STREET. 
 
TO THE 
 
 BRISTOL AND WEST OF ENGLAND 
 
 arctitwtural Sociefg, 
 
 1' H I S WORK IS INSCRIBED 
 
 BY THEIR FAITHFUL SERVANT AND SECRETARY, 
 
 THE AUTHOR. 
 
Digitized by the Internet Archive 
 in 2016 
 
 https://archive.org/details/remarksonchristiOOcart 
 
ADVERTISEMENT 
 
 TO THE FIRST EDITION. 
 
 The Author begs leave most thankfully to acknow- 
 ledge his obligations to the Rev. John Armstrong 
 for much valuable assistance in the preparation of 
 this work. 
 
 To the Rev. F. E. Paget, and to Mr. Masters, 
 Aldersgate Street, for their kind permission to make 
 use of the Designs in the “ Tract upon Tombstones.” 
 
 To the Authors of “ Ancient Church Plate, and 
 Sepulchral Crosses ” for similar permission, and to 
 Francis Niblett, Esq., Architect, for his services in 
 preparing the Working Drawings. 
 
 He trusts that the success of the present work, may 
 be a source of satisfaction to these gentlemen who 
 have all of them laboured in the same good cause. 
 
 August, 1847. 
 
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REMARKS 
 
 ON 
 
 CHRISTIAN GRAVE-STONES. 
 
 “ My soul, inspired with Holy flame. 
 
 View and review with most regardful eye, 
 
 That Holy Cross whence thy Salvation came, 
 
 On which thy Saviour and thy sin did die.” 
 
 Sir Henry Wotton. 
 
 The present publication has been called forth by the 
 numerous and almost daily applications, which its 
 Author has received from persons desirous of erecting 
 some Christian Memorial to their departed friends, 
 and seeking advice and assistance as to the best method 
 of carrying out their intentions. 
 
 There is no occasion therefore for any more than 
 the plain assertion of the fact, that pious and thought- 
 ful minds are no longer contented with the heathenish 
 tombs and monuments which have, alas, for so long 
 a period profaned and disgraced our Churches and 
 Churchyards. 
 
10 
 
 Now this growing desire for more seemly and 
 appropriate memorials for departed Christians, may 
 no doubt be attributed in great measure to the labours 
 of those, who, actuated by that Spirit which God has 
 been pleased to stir up in His Church during the last 
 few years, have drawn people’s attention to this very 
 important subject. 
 
 Foremost among such labours, may be mentioned the 
 publications of J. H. Markland, Esq., the Rev. F. E. 
 Paget, the Rev. John Armstrong and some very ably 
 written Articles in some of the leading Reviews, as well 
 as the efforts of the Authors of “ Specimens of Ancient 
 Church Plate and Sepulchral Crosses,” and of the 
 “ Ecclesiologist.” Whilst the Clergy and those to 
 whom is committed the^ solemn duty of guarding the 
 receptacles of sleeping Christians, have found by prac- 
 tical experience that the teaching and preaching' of 
 reverence for the dead, is attended with almost insur- 
 mountable difficulties, so long as our Churches and 
 Churchyards present to the outward senses of the 
 people no visible memorial of Christianity, but on the 
 contrary, everything that is haughty and worldly, faith- 
 less and heretical, irreverent, jocose, and ridiculous. 
 Under such circumstances their labours must ever be 
 unavailing ; and moreover where, if there is any mate- 
 rial emblem it is heathen instead of Christian, if there 
 is any mention of the Soul, its past responsibility and 
 its future doom, it is not in the spirit of prayerful 
 humility and Christian hope, but too often of arrogant 
 pre-judgment and presumptuous decision. 
 
 It is not within the compass or intention of this 
 little work to enter into that very important part of 
 the question, as to the propriety of converting all 
 memorials of the departed into something which may 
 
11 
 
 be for the decoration of God’s House, and so tend 
 to the edification of the living. It is enough to refer 
 persons to the works above mentioned and others of 
 the same kind for information on this point. 
 
 The definite object of the present work is to supply 
 such Designs and Drawings as may be of use to 
 persons desirous of erecting Memorials over the 
 graves of their friends ; and to offer such practical 
 observations on the subject, as may render the adop- 
 tion of these Memorials easy and general, especially 
 among the poorer classes.^ 
 
 We may include the whole subject then under two 
 heads, viz., the Form and position of such Stones, and 
 the Ornaments and inscriptions which should be placed 
 upon them. On both these points we should be glad 
 to appeal to earlier and better times, as well for the 
 authority of Antiquity, as for the customs of ages 
 when Christian Doctrine flowed purely through the 
 Church, untainted by superstition, or unchecked by 
 fanatical prejudice. But unhappily the ancient cus- 
 toms of Christian Sepulture have been so departed 
 from (though all due allowance may be made for the 
 seeming necessity which has compelled it) that we are 
 now driven to make provision for circumstances as 
 they are rather than as they should be. 
 
 The ancient custom was never to lay one body on 
 top of another, but now many persons are buried in 
 one grave, coffin on top of coffin, and consequently the 
 earth is often disturbed after the first body is deposited 
 
 * For this reason, Designs of the least costly kind are here given, 
 and such as are suitable for the circumstances of the Poor. Should 
 wealthy persons wish for such Memorials, their course is to apply 
 to an Architect who can at once furnish them with Designs and 
 Working drawings. 
 
12 
 
 in the grave. And however much this practice is to 
 be condemned, it is a thing rather to be desired than 
 expected that, in the present overgrown state of our 
 Parishes, and smallness of our Churchyards, this cus- 
 tom should be altered. 
 
 It may he taken for granted, however, that the 
 practice of burying inside Churches under such cir- 
 cumstances is at an end, and that the commonest 
 decency has proved the impropriety of breaking up 
 the floor of a Church for such a purpose. At the 
 same time it is devoutly to be wished, that the proper 
 provision of a crypt, (on all accounts so desirable) 
 secured a resting place under the Church for the 
 bodies of sleeping Christians. And in this case the 
 Memorial of the departed might always be effected by 
 adding some useful or ornamental feature to the 
 Church, (which every Church is in some degree in 
 need of,) and not by plastering the walls with the 
 cold, unsightly, and unmeaning slabs at present so 
 prevalent. 
 
 It is of the Churchyard then that we are concerned 
 to speak here, and of the Stones which should be 
 erected there. The form of the Stone in this case 
 must be regulated by its position. If it be a stone 
 laid on the grave, it must either be quite flat or coped, 
 and must assume in outline as near as may be the 
 shape of the grave. If it be an upright stone or Head- 
 stone, as it is commonly called, the only restriction as 
 to its form in outline, is that it should not much 
 exceed the breadth of the grave, nor of course be so 
 high as to interrupt the symmetrical view of any part 
 of the Church, or to overtop the other Stones in the 
 Churchyard. 
 
 That there is sufficient authority for both positions 
 
13 
 
 is amply proved by the numberless examples of flat 
 and coped stones which remain, and the evidence of 
 the hundreds of upright ones which have, alas, been 
 destroyed, as well as those which have just now been 
 discovered. 
 
 As a specification will be given with each Design, 
 it is only necessary to say here, that the emblem 
 which has been used by Christians, and the one which 
 must ever be appropriately used, is the grand one of 
 our Faith, the Cross, though it would be endless to 
 specify the varieties which have been used of this 
 Sacred Emblem. Worked in its material form in the 
 very plan of some of our most magnificent Ecclesias- 
 tical edifices, surmounting our grandest as well as 
 simplest Churches, and sealing as it were our Altars to 
 their sacred use, and meeting our eyes in every place 
 during our sojourn here, as if to remind us of our own 
 dedication to God’s service, it has been rightly judged 
 the meetest emblem of our faith and hope when this 
 life is over, and when all our assurance of a better one 
 is grounded on the efficacy of that Sacrifice offered 
 for us upon it. It is only therefore what we should 
 expect when we find the graces which Christianity has 
 infused into Architecture, applied to the Memorials of 
 those who have finished their probation and whose 
 “Flesh is resting in hope.” 
 
 As to the Inscriptions on such stones, pure Chris- 
 tian humility will ever forbid any thing that is 
 presumptuous or profane. The advice to be given 
 simply is, the less that is said the better. The 
 assurance of future bliss cannot be expressed in too 
 modest terms ; indeed the optative, if we may not use 
 the precatory form for Mercy, is that which best 
 becomes sinful and shortsighted mortals. 
 
14 
 
 What is especially to be avoided is the use of any 
 terms which indicate an extinction of life ; and for this 
 reason it is well to express the termination of a 
 Brother’s probation by such terms as departure, rest, 
 or sleep, and not by death. 
 
 That the Body which has been a “ Temple of the 
 Holy Ghost ” is resting in hope in that spot, is what 
 we wish to remind living Christians of by the erection 
 of such Memorials ; and that that same Body will 
 appear with our own to be judged for the deeds done 
 in the flesh. 
 
 The character or form of letter which should be 
 used in such inscriptions, seems so strictly an antiqua- 
 rian question, that it is hard to advise upon it here. 
 One thing seems certain, that whatever is fit to be 
 inscribed ought to be worth reading, and therefore 
 should be in such a character as that it may be read 
 by all. And while it is most desirable that some 
 character should be adopted as little secular as possi- 
 ble, it really seems a serious question whether we are 
 not altogether departing from the spirit of Antiquity by 
 assuming an Alphabet in 1847 which was in use some 
 centuries ago, and which now tells the tale of an age 
 gone by. 
 
 On these points however, it is the less necessary to 
 give any definite advice here, as each Clergyman has 
 the supervision of and is responsible as well for the 
 Form of the Stone as for the Inscription on it. And 
 though in strict matter of law the erection of any 
 Monument is a question for the decision of the 
 Ordinary subject to an appeal to the Metropolitan of 
 the Province, yet custom seems to have assigned the 
 exercise of this discretion to the Incumbent for the 
 time being, certainly to no lesser authority. Every 
 
15 
 
 Ciergyman therefore has a very important duty to 
 discharge in the exercise of this discretion. And as 
 of course he is eminently qualified both by his educa- 
 tion and experience, to determine the most desirable 
 form of Inscription, it might seem like presumption 
 for one to dictate to the many. 
 
 Together with his responsibility for the form and 
 inscription of Memorials to the Christian departed, is 
 his responsibility, conjointly wfith the Churchwardens, 
 for the preservation of these Memorials, and the 
 guarding with the most pious care the resting places 
 of the sleeping. A sad tale is told in the present day, 
 by the too frequent enclosures with iron rails in our 
 Churchyards, a practice which if it is not altogether 
 contrary to law, is certainly to be condemned upon 
 every Christian, and even equitable principle. The 
 only reason to be assigned, is the protection of the 
 grave enclosed. And why, I would ask, is the grave of 
 the rich man who can afibrd the numerous expenses 
 attending this process, to be protected, while the grave 
 of the poor man, made in the “ same Image,” a member 
 of the same body, and a partaker of the same Spirit, is 
 left to the rude violence of an untutored population ? 
 
 The Great Day alone will show which Member has 
 best discharged the duties of his office, but surely 
 every body that is laid in consecrated ground is 
 entitled to the same care and respect, and a heavy 
 charge will lie at the door of those who have neglected 
 their duty in this particular. 
 
 The proper course therefore, is to protect the whole 
 Churchyard from unseemly intrusion and damage, and 
 not to fence in particular parts of it, which seems to 
 give licence to the profane to treat the rest with 
 disrespect. 
 
16 
 
 It is universally acknowledged that a disrespect 
 for the Bodies of the departed, is a sign of Religion 
 having lost its last hold upon the heart. And it may 
 be fairly and boldly asserted, for experience has now 
 proved the fact, that no outward means more con- 
 tribute to inspire reverence for our churchyards, than 
 the introduction of such Memorials with appropriate 
 inscriptions, as it is the object of this little work to 
 make easy and general. 
 
 And it is not only by the introduction of new 
 ones, but by the remodelling of old ones, which may 
 be done at a trifling expense, and erasing inscriptions 
 which are a disgrace to the profession of Christianity, 
 and placing more becoming ones in their place, that 
 this may be attained. Without entering into the law 
 of the case, it must suffice to say, that much may be 
 done in gaining the consent of the representatives of 
 the deceased for this purpose, and that nothing short 
 of a denial of a licence from the Ordinary (a case we 
 cannot possibly contemplate,) can excuse the retention 
 of heathen symbols, and blasphemous inscriptions in 
 a Churchyard. 
 
TO 
 
 STATUARIES, SCULPTORS, MASONS, 
 
 AND OTHERS. 
 
 Much of the evil which has arisen in respect of 
 grave-stones with improper ornaments and inscriptions 
 being placed in Churchyards, is owing to the thought- 
 less manner in which Stonecutters receive and execute 
 orders, without first consulting the Clergyman in 
 whose Churchyard the grave-stone is to be erected. 
 The proper punishment for such conduct would be 
 for the Clergyman to refuse positively to admit any 
 stone, of which the design and inscription was not 
 previously submitted to him, and so leave the Stone- 
 cutter and his employers to settle the matter together. 
 It is hoped that this may serve as a warning in this 
 respect. 
 
 There is an important question as to the proper 
 material to be used for sculptured grave-stones. The 
 one most to be avoided is Bath Stone, or Freestone of 
 any kind, as no oiling or painting will secure it from 
 the effects of frost. 
 
 Each neighbourhood furnishes its own peculiar 
 quality of stone, and the masons of the country are 
 the best judges of its durability. 
 
 The Bangor Slates, which are now so much used, 
 are said to stand the weather, and as they are easily 
 
 B 
 
18 
 
 worked, and have a very agreeable appearance in a 
 Churchyard, they may furnish a good material for the 
 Head-stones here recommended. 
 
 The thickness of each stone must of course vary 
 according to the hardness of the material, and the 
 design to be worked on it. As a rule, it should never 
 be less than three, or more than five inches. 
 
 The price must also vary according to circumstances, 
 but with the average quality of stone, the plainest 
 Designs here given ought to be worked and fixed, 
 independent of “ lettering,” for about £2 ; the more 
 elaborate ones, for £3 ; and so on up to £6 or £7. 
 
 If Stonecutters would be content with a reasonable 
 profit, such as they get for all other work, they may 
 rely on it they would get much more employment 
 than at present in this particular department. 
 
HEAD-STONES AND FLAT-STONES. 
 
20 
 
 HEAD-STONE, No. L 
 
 This is a Design of a Head-stone which is least of 
 all recommended, but is given to meet the demands of 
 those persons who will have a table capable of con- 
 taining a number of inscriptions. 
 
 It is entirely plain on the face, and is pierced 
 through so as to leave the cross in the solid. 
 
 The thickness of the stone should not be less than 
 3 inches. 
 
 What is shown in the drawings is meant to be out 
 of the ground ; an additional 18 inches must therefore 
 be left on the stones before they are worked. 
 
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21 
 
 HEAD-STONE, No. 2. 
 
 This stone is entirely plain on the face, and is 
 pierced through the centre of the head. 
 
 It would be desirable that it should not be less than 
 4 inches thick. 
 
HEAD-STONE, No. 3. 
 
 This stone is pierced in the head. The cross is sunk 
 a quarter of an inch below the face of the circle. The 
 neck is sunk half an inch below the face of the circle, 
 and a chamfer of half an inch square, showing three 
 quarters of an inch on the face, is carried round the 
 edge of the table, which stands flush with the face of 
 the circle. 
 

 
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23 
 
 HEAD-STONE, No. 4. 
 
 This stone is entirely plain on the face, and is 
 pierced at the angles of the cross, showing the form 
 of the quatrefoil. 
 
24 
 
 HEAD-STONE, No. 5. 
 
 This Design is taken from Mr. Armstrong’s Paper 
 on Monuments. 
 
 The sections show the sinkings. 
 
 A square fillet half an inch wide runs round the 
 circle and the arms of the cross. The space between 
 the fillets on the arms of the cross, is sunk a quarter 
 of an inch, and on the circle half an inch. 
 
 The neck is sunk half an inch from the point of the 
 fillet of the cross, and a chamfer half an inch square, 
 showing three quarters on the face, runs round the 
 table, which is flush with the face of all the fillets. 
 
 The parts between the cross and the circle are 
 pierced. 
 
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HEAD-STONE, No. 6. 
 
 This Design is taken from one in Mr. Armstrong’s 
 Paper on Monuments, with some alterations. 
 
 The cross should stand in relief a quarter of an inch 
 above the face of the quatrefoil, which again should 
 stand a quarter of an inch above the face of the table, 
 a chamfer of half an inch square is carried round the 
 edge of the table. 
 
 The stone is pierced between the angles of the cross 
 so as to show the form of the quatrefoil. 
 
26 
 
 HEAD-STONE, No. 7. 
 
 This Design is also taken from one in Mr. Arm- 
 strong’s Paper, with some slight alterations. 
 
 The cross is sunk a quarter of an inch below the 
 face of the quatrefoil ; and the points of the square 
 half an inch below the face of the quatrefoil ; the table 
 being flush with the face of the square. A chamfer of 
 half an inch square is carried down the sides of the 
 table. 
 
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27 
 
 HEAD-STONE, No. 8. 
 
 This Design is taken from one in Mr. Paget’s 
 Tract upon Tombstones, with some alterations. 
 
 The profile or vertical section shows the sinkings. 
 The cross stands in relief a quarter of an inch above 
 the square, and the square a quarter of an inch above 
 the table, the parts formed by the segments of the 
 circles being pierced. 
 
28 
 
 HEAD^STONE, No. 9. 
 
 This Design is figured in the thirteenth volume of 
 the Archseologia, as a cross of Kilavoir, in Argyle- 
 shire. On the original, a stag hunt is carved on the 
 lower part, and a kind of trailing pattern between the 
 arms of the cross. 
 
 The section given at A, is merely a guess, as it is 
 not possible from the drawing in the Archaeologia to 
 understand what the lines are meant to represent. 
 
 It is considered a valuable specimen, as being an 
 ancient one actually in existence. 
 
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29 
 
 HEAD-STONE, No. 10. 
 
 This Design is given, as being likely to suit the 
 purpose of adapting old stones to a more comely 
 shape. 
 
 A cross may be worked in relief on the head, or 
 sunk as the circumstances of the stone may admit, 
 and a chamfer or any moulding may be carried round 
 the edge, if the existing inscription admits of it. 
 
30 
 
 HEAD^STONE, No. 11. 
 
 For this Design the Author is indebted to a friend, 
 who made a sketch of it on the spot, at St. Stythian, 
 in Cornwall. 
 
 The side of the shaft shows a single chevron. 
 
 The stone should be about 18 inches thick. 
 
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31 
 
 HEAD-STONE, No. 12. 
 
 The idea of this Design is borrowed from the frag- 
 ment of one at present existing in Ireland. 
 
 The section at A of the table or shaft, is meant to 
 show a semi-cylindrical bead standing half an inch in 
 relief of the flat surface, this bead is carried round 
 the head of the stone. The parts of the circle which 
 appear would also be sunk in the middle between two 
 beads, with a round pellet moulding. The circles in 
 the centre and on the arms of the cross would be 
 enclosed in the same bead, with a chevron running 
 round them. They are here represented as containing 
 the Sacred Monogram in the centre and at the top, on 
 the left hand the crown of thorns, and on the right 
 hand a celestial crown. 
 
 The base here given is meant to show out of the 
 ground. 
 
 The parts between the circle and cross should be 
 pierced. The thickness of the stone should be 6 
 inches. 
 
FLAT-STONE, No. 1. 
 
 This Design is taken from a stone in the south 
 transept of Tintern Abbey. 
 
 The stone is perfectly flat, the cross, quatrefoils, 
 and base, being worked in relief. 
 
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33 
 
 FLAT-STONE, No. 2. 
 
 This Design is the copy of a flat incised stone in 
 the Cloisters of Tintern Abbey. 
 
 This, or any other of the flat stones here figured, 
 may easily be coped ; the drawing would be the same ; 
 it is only necessary to have the stone a sufficient 
 thickness, not less than 5 inches, and to work the 
 cross in relief, and let it fall on either side from the 
 angle at the centre. 
 
 c 
 
34 
 
 FLAT-STONE, No. 3. 
 
 This Design is a copy of a flat incised stone in the 
 south transept of Tintern Abbey. It is imperfect in 
 itself, but the base is supplied from one precisely 
 similar. 
 
 The inscription commences at the Cross Pattee in 
 the corner, and runs round the edge. 
 
IlaMStOTiey ^ 3, 
 
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35 
 
 FLAT-STONE, No. 4. 
 
 This stone is copied from one at present existing in 
 the churchyard of Caerwent, Monmouthshire. 
 
 It is a flat stone, with the cross and circle incised. 
 
36 
 
 FLAT-STONE, No. 5. 
 
 The head of this stone is at Tintern Abbey, the 
 base being broken off. Most probably the base would 
 not have been worked as here represented, but with 
 a Fleur-de-lis returned, the lower point of the flower 
 being sharper than those shown in the drawing. 
 
 The cross is flush with the top of the stone, which 
 is flat, the parts round it being sunk half an inch. A 
 half inch chamfer runs round the edge of the stone. 
 
Flilt e ^* 6 . TU . 4 '^^ ,} 
 
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37 
 
 FLAT>STONE, No. 6. 
 
 This Design is taken from Gough’s Sepulchral 
 Monuments, and is there represented as being the 
 drawing of a stone on the south side of Ernley church- 
 yard, in the West Riding of Yorkshire. 
 
 The circle should be sunk a quarter of an inch below 
 the face of the cross, and the stone sunk away from 
 the cross, so as to leave it half an inch in relief. 
 
38 
 
 FLAT-STONE, No. 7- 
 
 This is a copy of a stone at Tintern Abbey, lying at 
 the North door of the aisle leading into the cloisters. 
 The stone is flat, and sunk to the depth of half an inch 
 so as to show the ornamental part. The inscription 
 is placed on the north side of the stone, beginning at 
 the west end by the flower underneath the circle. 
 
 The measurements are, 7 ft. 3^ in. long, 2 ft. 3 in. 
 at head, 1ft, 6|-in. at foot. 
 
 It is also figured in '' Specimens of Ancient Church 
 Plate and Sepulchral Crosses.” 
 
Fla/y 7 
 
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yiaJy 3t(rfU\ znl/xid W^’S 
 
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39 
 
 FLAT-STONE, No. 8. 
 
 This is a copy of a Brass to T, Chichele, Higliam 
 Ferrars, Northamptonshire, and is figured in the 
 “ Specimens of Ancient Church Plate and Sepulchral 
 Crosses.” 
 
 It is proposed by the present Design that the Brass 
 should be let into a block of Purbeck or Petworth 
 marble, to be moulded at the edges, as shown by the 
 section at A. The symbols are reduced a quarter full 
 size, and the figure marked E should be filled up with 
 the emblem of St. Mark, which is a Lion. The 
 inscription is placed on the plate under the base of 
 the Brass cross. 
 
 A. very elegant tomb of this description has lately 
 been placed at Chan trey, in the Parish of Mells, 
 Somerset, by Scott and Mofiat. 
 
In Demy %vo., with numerous Illustrations, Second Edition, price l.sf., or 
 I s. 2d. by post, 
 
 A TRACT UPON TOMBSTONES; 
 
 OE, 
 
 SUGGESTIONS FOR THE CONSIDERATION OE PERSONS INTENDING 
 TO SET UP THAT KIND OF MONUMENT TO THE 
 MEMORY OF DECEASED FRIENDS. 
 
 BY THE 
 
 EEV. F. E. PAGET, M.A., 
 
 EECTOE OF ELFOKB. 
 
 POPULAR TRACTS, 
 
 Ellustrating draper ^ook of tf)€ of lEnglanU. 
 
 In Demy ^vo., price 6c?., containing Seven Designs for Head-stones, and an 
 Alphabet for Inscriptions, No. III. 
 
 ON THE BURIAL SERVICE. 
 
 AVITH AN APPENDIX ON AIODERN BURIALS, AIONUMENTS, AND 
 
 EPITAPHS. 
 
 On a Sheet, 2s. 6c?. ; mounted on canvas and varnished, with roller, 6c?., 
 
 THIRTY SKETCHES FOR CHRISTIAN MEMORIALS. 
 
 On a Sheet, 2s. 6c?., 
 
 ORNAMENTAL LESIONS FOR MONUMENTAL 
 
 SLABS. 
 
 JOSEPH MASTEPS AND CO., PRINTERS, ABDERSGATE STREET, LONDON. 
 

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