^,^im^m''^?'5^mM:m DESIGNS FOR E ]LEG^dJ¥T € OTT^GE S AND S M A ]L IL ¥ I IL IL A S, S. GosNELL, Printer, Little Queen Str«M. DESIGNS FOR ELEGANT COTTAGES AND SMALL VILLAS, CALCULATED FOl THE COMFORT AND CONVENIENCE OF PERSONS OF MODERATE AND OF AMPLE FORTUNE ; CAREFULLY STUDIED AND THROWN INTO PERSPECTIVB, TO WHICH IS ANNEXED, A GENERAL ESTIMATE OF THE PROBABLE EXPENSE ATTENDING THE EXECUTION OF EACH DESIGN. Bt E. GYFFORD, Architect. ENGRAVED ON TWENTY- SIX PLATES. FORMING PART THE SECOXD OF A SERIES OF SELECT ARCHITECTURE. PUBLISHED BY J. TAYLOR, AT THE ARCHITECTURAL LIBRARY, N° 59, HIGH HOLBORX J J. HARDINC, ST. JAMES's STREET; AND J. CARPENTER, OLD BOND STREET. 1806. Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2010 with funding from Research Library, The Getty Research Institute http://www.archive.org/details/elegantcottagesaOOgyff INTRODUCTION. V ARious efforts have been made to forward with success, the labours of the study of architecture. The numerous produc- tions of its ingenious professors, from early ages to the present time, afford a pleasing prospect of the progress of the art. Exalted talents, unremitted assiduity, and great abilities, have by slow and progressive movements advanced to high attainments in it. During a later period under the paternal auspices of our benign and illustrious Sovereign, the arts have arrived at a degree of perfection unexampled in the history of this countrj* : the genius of the nation is refined in proportion to its improve- ment ; and an universal taste prevails for beauties and excellence. When discernment and taste are thus prevalent, it will appear necessary that a combination of exertion and considerable powers alone can lead on with a probability of success to public notice, or to public approbation, a work even of inconsiderable VI consequence. Much time has elapsed since my early professional success, which now encourages me in offering to an en- lightened age a work of utility and elegance, and to aspire ta the attainment of the high reward — public encomium — that suc- cess which, being repeated in instances of competition, could not but act as an additional stimulus to forward the desired end : these inducements united, have led to the production of this series of Designs in Architecture. If in enrolling it in the catalogue of the very able, distinguished, and ingenious works extant on the subject, particularly those of the latter part of the last century, it should be found to afford the slightest illus- tration of the particular object to which its course is directed ; if it should be thought worthy to hold rank with the train of abilities that have preceded it on similar subjects, the Author will consider his efforts as crowned with the most gratifying reward his utmost ambition can aspire to. He is proud to have the power of annexing to the Library of Arts, a work which can convey any additional information on the progress of this science, in which national pride and character, in ages of civili- zation, are eminentlv connected. Vll Particular accounts of the advancerpent of the art of build- ing, from its first introduction into this country to the pre- sent time, have been so often detailed as almost to preclude the possibility of furnishing any fresh information on the subject ; nor, indeed, docs the extent and nature of my object in this series require it : it will be sufficient to notice the number of beautiful specimens of Grecian and Gothic Architecture, which the public spirit and abilities of former times have raised for the admiration of posterity ; they furnish us with striking examples of their just ideas of proportion, and their nice discernment and dis- crimination of taste, as applied to their edifices. Admiration ! the tribute due to merit, excites to action the ambient flame of emulation, and kindles it into an ardent desire to excel : this reflection leads me to lament^ that the memory of the consummate skill and intrepidity displayed by the British naval forces, under the command of heroes more exalted by their patriotism and courage than the most illustrious that the annals of history produce, should not be perpetuated by an appropriate national edifice. Vlll The Plans and Elevations for these Cottages and Villas have been designed under an impression, that, in subjects of this sort, much scope for improvement and invention still remained, and that arrangements of such objects, wherein elegance and utility blended with the equally important consideration of economy, might be acceptable. It may be thought that some of them have rather the appearance of too extensive an accommodation to be classed among cottages. It is therefore necessarj^ to ob- serv'e, that the very end of these studies has been to give the importance of the villa to the cottage, not the cottage character to the villa. The cottage style, when applied to buildings of large dimensions, and many apartments, never fails to furnish an idea nearer allied to a barn than to a cottage. The different styles adopted, althovigh analogous to the Grecian and Gothic characters, are nevertheless governed by the immediate circum- stances of each, consequently form select compositions, deduced discretionally from either. Milcham, Surrej/, 1806. EXPLANATION, Design the First. PLATES I. II. and III. Exhibits two views of a plain cottage, calculated to accommo- date a small family, having a dining room, drawing room, study or parlour, with hall and kitchen, on the ground floor; three bed rooms and a water closet on the chamber ; and the same on the attic floor. From the uniformity of this, as well as others in this selection of designs, they are applicable to any situation. The spot may be governed by the various circumstances of ap- proach, prospect, elevation, &c. without interfering with the external appearance or internal arrangements. PLATE I. VIEW THE FIRST, Shews the entrance front, with the wing that comprises the dining room. B PLATE II. VIEW THE SECOND. This front should be towards the grounds, not only because it presents the best figure to them, but on account of the approach from the principal apartments. The ballustrade here introduced answers the double purpose of lighting the attic story, and con- cealing it. PLATE III. PLANS OF THE GROUND AND CHAMBER FLOORS OF THE FIRST DESIGN. The rooms in the attic will be equal to those on the chamber floor in size, though not in height. This cottage, built correspondent to the views and plans, exclusive of casualties, and under the circumstance of having materials on the site, would require an expenditure of nine hun- dred and fifty pounds. The best rooms, according to this calcu- lation, are to be fitted up in a modern style of elegant neatness, and every apartment to have an appropriate finishing. The whole, constructed of the best materials and workmanship, would ren- der it a comfortable and desirable residence, as far as the scale of it admits. 3, Desip'71 the Second. PLATES IV. V. and VI. Is a cottage somewhat smaller and more simple than the foregoing, calculated for the convenience of persons of moderate income, having on the ground floor only a dining room and par- lour, pantry, coal place, and lobby. The back part of the build- ing, forming the offices, affords an opportunity of secluding them from the living rooms. The chamber floor comprises five bed rooms, and a large closet. The three front rooms, by being coved in the roof, will have a greater height than the others. PLATE IV. VIEW THE FIRST. The entrance front and end elevation, with the varanda and internal portico : all the designs that have the appearance of dripping eaves, it may be proper to observe, can have the ad- vantage of gutters without altering their eflect. PLATE V. VIEW THE SECOND. The opposite end and back elevation, with the servants' entrance to the kitchen, &c. PLATE VI. PLANS OF THE GROUND AND CHAMBER FLOORS OF THE SECOND DESIGDT. This cottage having no cross walls considerably relieves it from expense. I calculate, that to construct it of simple materials in a neat but not costly manner, agreeably to the idea conveyed by the drawings, and according to the dimensions annexed, would not exceed eight hundred and fifty pounds. This estimate is made under the impression that materials are on the spot. It would be needless to enter into a particular description of the finishings, as it would exceed the limits prescribed for this work, and add little to its utility, because it is not probable that any one of the designs will be executed without alterations or additions. Design the Third. PLATES VII. YIII. and IX. Two views of a cottage, composed of timber principally, and roughcast or stuccoed. Every part of this design, in the external appearance, possesses an unusual degree of uniformity. The chimnies are so constructed as to become ornamental. It con- tains a dining room, study, hall and stairs, kitchen and pantry, on the ground floor, and four bed rooms. PLATE YII. VIEW THE FIRST. Tlie garden front and one end, as it would appear from the grounds, with the vamnda, extended along the whole front, which is thirty- six feet. PLATE VIII. VIEW THE SECOND. The entrance front, shewing the ornamental appearance which the chimnies make, the bow of the hall, and the same end elevation as is exhibited in the other view: the pointed heads of the windows breaking into the roof, contribute in no incon- siderable degree to the effect which produces in this design a very picturesque appearance. PLATE IX. I'LANS OF THE GROUND AND CHAMBER FLOORS OF THE THIRD DESIGN. This cottage, formed of timber framing, with sufficient brick footing and chimnies, the whole stuccoed, having the appearance of the drawing in each view, finished internally in a character appropriate to this style, and thatched, with sufficient A'allies of lead, &c. &c. would require the sum of five hundred pounds to complete it fit for occupation. This, as well as all of the calcu- lations, are exclusive of carriage : in most cases it happens that materials are not very remote, if not on the spot. Design the Fourth, PLATES X. XI. and XII. A COTTAGE of a singular figure, calculated for a rural retreat. The novelty of its form, while it recommends it to some, I am aware, would be a powerful objection with others. The living rooms have different aspects, consequently different views. Its internal arrangements are well adapted for the accommodation of a small family ; having on the ground floor, dining room, parlour and study, hall, stairs and kitchen ; four good bed rooms on the chamber floor, with a water closet, &c. The centre part being continued up, assists in the general appearance, and adds three good ser\'ants rooms and a large closet, making together seven bed rooms. PLATE X. VIEW THE FIRST Shews the entrance in one of the angles with the windows of the parlour, study, &c. PLATE XL VIEW THE SECOND, Is the elevation of that part forming the dining room and parlour : the flues of the chimnies are conveyed into the angles, and carried up in such way as to be agreeably ornamental. 8 PLATE XII. PLAN'S OF THE GROUND AND CHAMBER FLOORS OF THE FOURTH DESIGN. The attic floor may comprise either a nursery and one ser- vant's sleeping room, or three good bed rooms at will. To carry this design into effect agreeable to the dimensions, and corresponding exactly with the views, the internal finishing in a somewhat neat mannci-, particidarly as relates to the dining room, parlour, study and stairs, would cost one thousand pounds. As this design is drawn to a smaller scale than the preceding, it might, to the eye of a casual observer, be deceiving ; I therefore must observe, that as they increase in consequence, it necessarily follows that they must be shewn on a smaller scale to bring them within the same compass on the plate. 9 Design the Fifth. PLATES XIII. XIV. and X^^ Two views of a somewhat more commodious residences- having an ancient or Gothic character, and is particularly well adapted to the romantic scenery in the north and west of England. It comprises on the ground floor a good-sized draw- ing room, dining room, vestibule, kitchen, scullery, and stairs ; five bed rooms, two dressing rooms, and a water closet, on the chamber floor. In adhering to principles of economy in these designs, I have avoided cross walls : this has reduced me to the necessity of having the chimney shafts in the external walls : and here I have made the angular towers answer this purpose for the flues, and thereby produce a pleasing appearance. PLATE XIII. VIEW THE FIRST. The entrance front, with the dining parlour elevation.. PLATE XIV. VIEW THE SECOUD. The elevation of the principal rooms. lO PLATE XV. PLANS OF THE GROUND AND CHAMBER FLOORS OF THE FIFTH DESIGN. This commodious cottage, constructed of these dimensions, and carried into effect, consistent with the drawings of the different fronts exhibited in the foregoing plates, and to finish the interior in an appropriate manner^ will cost the sum of eleveJi hundred and fifty pounds. 1 1 Desig7i the Sivtii. PLATES XVI. XVII. and XVIll. This design exhibits, in two views, a small villa, con- structed in the modem style of elegance, and calculated to orna- ment the polished scenery of the landscape garden, and fit for the accommodation of a genteel but small family ; having on the ground floor a drawing room, dining room, hall, kitchen, scul- lery, lobby, &c. ; cellar under the kitchen wing ; five good chambers, and, if necessary, the largest might be divided into two: a nursery might be obtained in the domed part, and lighted through the ballustrade : thus forming a complete resi- deace on an economical scale. PLATE XVI. VIEW THE FIRST. The elevations seen from the grounds of the drawing and dining room fronts. PLATE XVII. VIEW THE SECOND. The entrance and dining room elevations. 12 PLATE XVIII. PLANS OF THE GROUND AND CHAMBER FLOORS OF THE SIXTH DESIGN. This design, of the dimensions as figured, with cellaring under the kitchen wing, and carried into effect with the finish- ings displayed in the two views, woxild require the sum of twelve hundred pounds. 13 Design the Seventh. PLATES XIX. and XX. View of a design for a cottage villa on a moderate scale ; its form is perfectly simple, consequently on a plan of economy : there being no cross walls, the chimney shafts are seen in the external walls ; but as they are arranged regularly, have not an unpleasant appearance. This design has on the ground floor, a dining room, drawing room, parlour, kitchen, &c. : circular stairs ascending each way, meet and cross to the landing on the chamber floor, where, without loss of space in the passage, you approach all the five bed rooms on the floor. The advantages which this plan possesses arc most material on the principal floor. The suite of rooms and stairs are fit for the reception of small parties ; but the number of bed rooms are not adequate to the accommodation of a large family ; a difficulty that often arises in small houses of only one story in height : this neverthe- less is an eligible plan for the adoption of persons of moderate income and establishment. 14 PLATE XX. PLANS OF THE GROUND AND CHAMBER FLOORS OF THE SEVENTH DESIGN. This compact cottage villa, with cellars under the dining and drawing room part of it, and finished with stuccoed fronts in the plain manner of the plate, having the inside also finished with an elegant neatness correspondent to the other characters of it, would incur an expenditure of fourteen hundred pounds, exclusive of carriage. 15 Design the Eighth. PLATES XXI. and XXII. The castle style adopted in this design affords, if the situation and circumstances are well chosen, a pleasing and in- teresting character, and in many cases an advantageous form. The circular figures in the plan which constitute the towers, are so arranged as to assist the internal disposition. The effect pro- duced by variety of forms, and of light and shadow, to those who are admirers of this style, cannot, I trust, fail to meet their approbation in this design. This is a very commodious residence for the comforts of a small family ; having on the ground floor, dining room, drawing room, study, kitchen, scullery, &c. with a porch and ample stair- case ; on the chamber floor are seven bed rooms, dressing room, and a water closet. The best bed room, by being coved in the ceiling, would be suitable for a state bed. i6 PLATE XXII. fLANS OF THE GROUND AND CHAMBER FLOORS OF THE EIGHTH DESIGN. This design, executed in character throughout, according to the plates, and finished in a substantial manner, exclusive of carriage, would require an expenditure of fifteen hundred pounds. Circular forms add somewhat considerable to the expense ; but from their pleasing effect, they never fail amply to reward us for it. 17 Design the Ninth. PLATES XXIII. and XXIV. View of two fronts of a villa, built for C. Cooke, Esq. in Essex, on an eminence commanding an extensive prospect of a rich and most beautiful country. Although the principal rooms are too small to correspond with the general expensive manner in which this house is finishing, yet it forms a good family residence ; having on the basement floor, housekeeper's room, servants' hall, butler's pantry, kitchen, scullery, larder, bakehouse, store room, large closets ; and on the east side of the house, very extensive vaults under ground. On the principal floor are a drawing room, dining room, circular library, dressing room, and hall. On the chamber floor, five bed rooms. The eentre part continued up comprises four small bed rooms foe servants. From my original design for this building, many alterations have taken place that were not in unison with my ideas of pro- portion and arrangement. In the following plates I have ex- hibited my first intentions for this building. i8 PLATE XXIV. PLANS OF THE PRINCIPAL AND CHAMBER FLOORS OF THE NINTH DESIGN. The attic comprises four servants' rooms. The basement has already been described. The whole of the portico and dressings are of Portland stone, with brick- work faced with second stocks. The internal finishings are intended to be in a style perfectly original : they have been directed principally by Mr. Cooke, whose taste will be conspicuous in the work. To name the sum that this building has cost will be, in its present state, somewhat difficult. It is expected to exceed three thousand pounds. 19 Design the Tenth. PLATES XXV. and XXVI. Exhibits the entrance front and colonnade of a design first intended to have been executed for C. Cooke, Esq. but which, at, his request, was modelled according to the preceding plates, which are now carried into effect. This vilUa, as well as pos- sessing the required accommodations of an extensive establish- ment, unites elegance with economy. The colonnade was thought too much, and the whole was more extended than suited with the expense proposed. It comprises on the basement floor equal space and office apartments to that adopted ; and the other floors have a decided superiority. A large saloon, dining room and drawing rooms, library and stairs, with five exceedingly good bed rooms, on the chamber floor ; and four servants' rooms m the centre part above. This design is well adapted to an elevated situation, and for netting the offices and vaults under ground. The house being regular in all its elevations, might be insulated in the grounds with considerable advantage. 20 PLATE XXVI. PLANS OF TMB PRINCIPAL AND CHAMBER FLOORS OF THE TENTH DESIGN. The basement floor furnishes amp]e accommodation for a large establishment, consequently suitable to the residence of a nobleman or gentleman of ample fortune, not as a large mansion, but as a comfortable country residence. It would require the sum of four thousand three hundred pounds to complete it according to these designs. / FINIS, S. CoaNELL, Piinter, Little Queen Street. 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